Difference between revisions of "Independent"
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== Description == | == Description == | ||
| − | <!-- | + | <!--In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.--> |
[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]] | [[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]] | ||
{{Break}} | {{Break}} | ||
| − | The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium | + | The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} British heavy tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.63 "Desert Hunters"]]. The A1E1, with its five turrets, serve as the instigator of the multi-turreted concept that spread to the Soviet [[T-35]] and the German [[Nb.Fz.|Neubaufahrzeug]]. |
== General info == | == General info == | ||
=== Survivability and armour === | === Survivability and armour === | ||
| − | <!-- | + | <!--Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? |
| − | + | If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.--> | |
'''Armour type:''' | '''Armour type:''' | ||
* Rolled homogeneous armour | * Rolled homogeneous armour | ||
| Line 18: | Line 18: | ||
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof | ! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | Hull || 28 mm (0-27°) | + | | Hull || 28 mm (0-27°) || 13 mm ''Top'' <br> 13 + 10 mm ''Bottom'' || 13 mm (0-58°) || 8 mm |
|- | |- | ||
| Main turret || 28 mm (6-48°) ''Turret front'' <br> 20 mm (6°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 28 mm || 28 mm || 8 mm | | Main turret || 28 mm (6-48°) ''Turret front'' <br> 20 mm (6°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 28 mm || 28 mm || 8 mm | ||
| Line 30: | Line 30: | ||
=== Mobility === | === Mobility === | ||
| − | <!-- | + | <!--Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.--> |
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 75: | Line 75: | ||
== Armaments == | == Armaments == | ||
=== Main armament === | === Main armament === | ||
| − | <!-- | + | <!--Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.--> |
{{main|Ordnance QF 3-pounder (47 mm)}} | {{main|Ordnance QF 3-pounder (47 mm)}} | ||
| Line 150: | Line 150: | ||
! 100% | ! 100% | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | Shell Mk.I || APHE || 563 || 1.7 || 1.2 || 25 || 15 || | + | | Shell Mk.I || APHE || 563 || 1.7 || 1.2 || 25 || 15 || -1° || 47° || 60° || 65° |
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 181: | Line 181: | ||
=== Machine guns === | === Machine guns === | ||
| − | <!-- | + | <!--Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.--> |
{{main|Vickers (7.7 mm)}} | {{main|Vickers (7.7 mm)}} | ||
| Line 216: | Line 216: | ||
|} | |} | ||
| − | == Usage in | + | == Usage in battles == |
| − | ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' | + | ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' |
=== Pros and cons === | === Pros and cons === | ||
| − | <!-- | + | <!--Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".--> |
| + | |||
'''Pros:''' | '''Pros:''' | ||
| − | * 47 mm gun is adequate | + | * 47 mm gun is adequate |
| − | * Large ammo reserve | + | * Large ammo reserve |
| − | * One available ammo type makes it easier to use for beginners | + | * One available ammo type makes it easier to use for beginners |
| − | * A rare sight. Many players will not know where the critical components are | + | * A rare sight. Many players will not know where the critical components are |
| − | * It has explosives in the AP rounds, very rare in British vehicles | + | * It has explosives in the AP rounds, very rare in British vehicles |
| − | * Like other large tanks (eg T-35, T-28 and SMK) it is a very complex vehicle to | + | * Like other large tanks (eg T-35, T-28 and SMK) it is a very complex vehicle to destroy with plenty of turrets, big tracks and curvy/angled parts to soak up rounds and '''8''' crew members to boot |
'''Cons:''' | '''Cons:''' | ||
| − | * Very long tank, hard to hide side from flankers | + | * Very long tank, hard to hide side from flankers |
| − | * Only one ammo type | + | * Only one ammo type |
| − | * Armour is quite thin | + | * Armour is quite thin |
| − | * Vulnerable to 20mm auto cannons. In many ways they are more effective than normal cannons due to their high rate of fire | + | * Vulnerable to 20mm auto cannons. In many ways they are more effective than normal cannons due to their high rate of fire |
| − | * APHE is inconsistent due to vehicles the Independent will be facing in general have less than 25 mm of armor | + | * APHE is inconsistent due to vehicles the Independent will be facing in general have less than 25 mm of armor |
== History == | == History == | ||
| − | <!-- | + | <!--Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ground vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).--> |
===Development=== | ===Development=== | ||
| − | During the interwar period, British General Staff requested for a heavy tank design in 1924. The project, undertaken by an engineer named Walter Gordon Wilson, was designed by the Armstrong Siddeley engineering group. The finished prototype model was delivered to War Office in 1926. The design of the tank, named '''"Independent"''', was a multi-turreted design with a total of five turrets. The one in the center held a 3-pounder 47 mm gun while the other smaller turrets at the main turret's corner held Vickers machine guns. The tank can hold 8 crew members, a driver, four machine gunners, and three in the turret. It was around 28 tons and 25 feet long, despite being only 8 feet wide. This length caused some early problems as the tracks were too thin for the width, causing the rear sprocket wheels to peel the vehicle design as it continues to turn. W.G. Wilson attempted to fix this with an epicyclic steering system, but the tracks still wore out quickly. A unique feature on the Independent was a small opening on the left side of the tank that allowed for the placement of a stretcher for wounded crew members inside the tank to be pulled out from. <ref name="TankMuseumA1E1YT"> | + | During the interwar period, British General Staff requested for a heavy tank design in 1924. The project, undertaken by an engineer named Walter Gordon Wilson, was designed by the Armstrong Siddeley engineering group. The finished prototype model was delivered to War Office in 1926. The design of the tank, named '''"Independent"''', was a multi-turreted design with a total of five turrets. The one in the center held a 3-pounder 47 mm gun while the other smaller turrets at the main turret's corner held Vickers machine guns. The tank can hold 8 crew members, a driver, four machine gunners, and three in the turret. It was around 28 tons and 25 feet long, despite being only 8 feet wide. This length caused some early problems as the tracks were too thin for the width, causing the rear sprocket wheels to peel the vehicle design as it continues to turn. W.G. Wilson attempted to fix this with an epicyclic steering system, but the tracks still wore out quickly. A unique feature on the Independent was a small opening on the left side of the tank that allowed for the placement of a stretcher for wounded crew members inside the tank to be pulled out from. <ref name="TankMuseumA1E1YT">The Tank Museum. ''Tank Chats #24 A1E1 Independent. (3:00)'' YouTube. YouTube, 05 Aug. 2016. Web. 21 Nov. 2016.[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wSwd7IcY9KA Video]</ref> |
During the development and testing process, the Independent design was a item of espionage by the international community. Plans of the design ended up in the Soviet Union and in Germany, with a British officer named Norman Baillie-Stewart court-martialled for supplying secrets to the Germans, including the Independent plans. This espionage influenced several tank designs from these countries, with the [[T-28]] and [[T-35]] in the Soviet Union and the [[Nb.Fz.|Neubaufahrzeug]] in Germany. | During the development and testing process, the Independent design was a item of espionage by the international community. Plans of the design ended up in the Soviet Union and in Germany, with a British officer named Norman Baillie-Stewart court-martialled for supplying secrets to the Germans, including the Independent plans. This espionage influenced several tank designs from these countries, with the [[T-28]] and [[T-35]] in the Soviet Union and the [[Nb.Fz.|Neubaufahrzeug]] in Germany. | ||
| Line 247: | Line 248: | ||
== Media == | == Media == | ||
| − | + | ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' | |
===Videos=== | ===Videos=== | ||
{{Youtube-gallery|wSwd7IcY9KA|Bovington Tank Museum Tank Chats: A1E1 Independent}} | {{Youtube-gallery|wSwd7IcY9KA|Bovington Tank Museum Tank Chats: A1E1 Independent}} | ||
| − | == | + | == See also == |
| − | + | ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:'' | |
| − | + | * ''reference to the series of the vehicles;'' | |
| − | + | * ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' | |
| − | * | ||
| − | == | + | == External links == |
| − | * | + | <!--Paste links to sources and external resources, such as: |
| + | * ''topic on the official game forum;'' | ||
| + | * ''encyclopedia page on the tank;'' | ||
| + | * ''other literature.''--> | ||
| + | * [[wt:en/news/4233-development-leopard-a1a1-modernized-blitzkrieg-en/|[Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> A1E1 Independent - A Land Ironclad]] | ||
{{Britain heavy tanks}} | {{Britain heavy tanks}} | ||
{{Britain premium ground vehicles}} | {{Britain premium ground vehicles}} | ||
Revision as of 16:14, 19 July 2019
Contents
Description
The Independent (A1E1) is a premium rank I British heavy tank
with a battle rating of 1.3 (AB/RB/SB). It was introduced in Update 1.63 "Desert Hunters". The A1E1, with its five turrets, serve as the instigator of the multi-turreted concept that spread to the Soviet T-35 and the German Neubaufahrzeug.
General info
Survivability and armour
Armour type:
- Rolled homogeneous armour
| Armour | Front | Sides | Rear | Roof |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hull | 28 mm (0-27°) | 13 mm Top 13 + 10 mm Bottom |
13 mm (0-58°) | 8 mm |
| Main turret | 28 mm (6-48°) Turret front 20 mm (6°) Gun mantlet |
28 mm | 28 mm | 8 mm |
| Secondary turrets | 13 mm (0-3°) | 13 mm | 13 mm | 8 mm |
Notes:
- Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick, tracks are 20 mm thick.
- Belly armour is 20 mm thick.
Mobility
| Mobility characteristic | ||
|---|---|---|
| Weight (tons) | Add-on Armor weight (tons) |
Max speed (km/h) |
| 31.7 | N/A | 34 (AB) |
| 32 (RB/SB) | ||
| Engine power (horsepower) | ||
| Mode | Stock | Upgraded |
| Arcade | 478 | 588 |
| Realistic/Simulator | 327 | 370 |
| Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton) | ||
| Mode | Stock | Upgraded |
| Arcade | 15.17 | 18.54 |
| Realistic/Simulator | 10.31 | 11.67 |
Armaments
Main armament
| 47 mm OQF 3-pounder | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capacity | Vertical guidance |
Horizontal guidance |
Stabilizer | ||
| 201 | -4°/+20° | ±180° | Vertical | ||
| Turret rotation speed (°/s) | |||||
| Mode | Stock | Upgraded | Prior + Full crew | Prior + Expert qualif. | Prior + Ace qualif. |
| Arcade | 5.9 | 8.2 | __.__ | __.__ | __.__ |
| Realistic | 5.9 | 7.0 | __.__ | __.__ | __.__ |
| Reloading rate (seconds) | |||||
| Stock | Prior + Full crew | Prior + Expert qualif. | Prior + Ace qualif. | ||
| 3.9 | __.__ | __.__ | __.__ | ||
Ammunition
| Penetration statistics | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammunition | Type of warhead |
Penetration in mm @ 90° | |||||
| 10m | 100m | 500m | 1000m | 1500m | 2000m | ||
| Shell Mk.I | APHE | 55 | 53 | 45 | 38 | 22 | 19 |
| Shell details | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammunition | Type of warhead |
Velocity in m/s |
Projectile Mass in kg |
Fuse delay
in m: |
Fuse sensitivity
in mm: |
Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent): |
Normalization At 30° from horizontal: |
Ricochet: | ||
| 0% | 50% | 100% | ||||||||
| Shell Mk.I | APHE | 563 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 25 | 15 | -1° | 47° | 60° | 65° |
Ammo racks
Ammo racks of the A1E1 Independent.
| Full ammo |
1st rack empty |
2nd rack empty |
3rd rack empty |
4th rack empty |
5th rack empty |
6th rack empty |
7th rack empty |
8th rack empty |
9th rack empty |
10th rack empty |
11th rack empty |
12th rack empty |
13th rack empty |
Visual discrepancy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 201 | 181 (+20) | 166 (+35) | 151 (+50) | 136 (+65) | 121 (+80) | 106 (+95) | 91 (+110) | 76 (+125) | 61 (+140) | 46 (+155) | 31 (+170) | 16 (+185) | 1 (+200) | No |
Turret empty: 181 (+20)
Machine guns
| 7.7 mm Vickers | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Front left turret mount | Front right turret mount | ||||||||||||
| Capacity (Belt capacity) | Fire rate (shots/minute) |
Vertical guidance |
Horizontal guidance |
Capacity (Belt capacity) | Fire rate (shots/minute) |
Vertical guidance |
Horizontal guidance | ||||||
| 4,000 (250) | 390 | -10°/+15° | -130°/+40° | 4,000 (250) | 390 | -10°/+15° | -40°/+130° | ||||||
| Rear left turret mount | Rear right turret mount | ||||||||||||
| Capacity (Belt capacity) | Fire rate (shots/minute) |
Vertical guidance |
Horizontal guidance |
Capacity (Belt capacity) | Fire rate (shots/minute) |
Vertical guidance |
Horizontal guidance | ||||||
| 4,000 (250) | 390 | -10°/+15° | -0°/+130° | 4,000 (250) | 390 | -10°/+15° | -130°/+0° | ||||||
Usage in battles
Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).
Pros and cons
Pros:
- 47 mm gun is adequate
- Large ammo reserve
- One available ammo type makes it easier to use for beginners
- A rare sight. Many players will not know where the critical components are
- It has explosives in the AP rounds, very rare in British vehicles
- Like other large tanks (eg T-35, T-28 and SMK) it is a very complex vehicle to destroy with plenty of turrets, big tracks and curvy/angled parts to soak up rounds and 8 crew members to boot
Cons:
- Very long tank, hard to hide side from flankers
- Only one ammo type
- Armour is quite thin
- Vulnerable to 20mm auto cannons. In many ways they are more effective than normal cannons due to their high rate of fire
- APHE is inconsistent due to vehicles the Independent will be facing in general have less than 25 mm of armor
History
Development
During the interwar period, British General Staff requested for a heavy tank design in 1924. The project, undertaken by an engineer named Walter Gordon Wilson, was designed by the Armstrong Siddeley engineering group. The finished prototype model was delivered to War Office in 1926. The design of the tank, named "Independent", was a multi-turreted design with a total of five turrets. The one in the center held a 3-pounder 47 mm gun while the other smaller turrets at the main turret's corner held Vickers machine guns. The tank can hold 8 crew members, a driver, four machine gunners, and three in the turret. It was around 28 tons and 25 feet long, despite being only 8 feet wide. This length caused some early problems as the tracks were too thin for the width, causing the rear sprocket wheels to peel the vehicle design as it continues to turn. W.G. Wilson attempted to fix this with an epicyclic steering system, but the tracks still wore out quickly. A unique feature on the Independent was a small opening on the left side of the tank that allowed for the placement of a stretcher for wounded crew members inside the tank to be pulled out from. [1]
During the development and testing process, the Independent design was a item of espionage by the international community. Plans of the design ended up in the Soviet Union and in Germany, with a British officer named Norman Baillie-Stewart court-martialled for supplying secrets to the Germans, including the Independent plans. This espionage influenced several tank designs from these countries, with the T-28 and T-35 in the Soviet Union and the Neubaufahrzeug in Germany.
Cancellation
The Independent was tested by War Office all the way until 1935, but it was a troublesome design. Most of the tests focused on its automotive performance, not even passing along to gunnery trials. The Independent was also used in a officer school for recommendations and examinations. The only model built, the prototype, was deemed worn out in 1935 as the War Office saw no need to spend more money on the design when other vehicles were being produced. They retired the Independent and sent the model to the Bovington Tank Museum, where it sits today for display.
Media
Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.
Videos
Bovington Tank Museum Tank Chats: A1E1 Independent
See also
Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:
- reference to the series of the vehicles;
- links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.
External links
| Britain heavy tanks | |
|---|---|
| Matilda | Matilda III · Matilda Hedgehog |
| Churchill | Churchill I · Churchill III · Churchill VII · Churchill Crocodile · Churchill NA75 · Black Prince |
| Post-war | Caernarvon · Conqueror |
| Other | Independent · Excelsior · TOG II |
| Britain premium ground vehicles | |
|---|---|
| Light tanks | A13 Mk I (3rd R.T.R.) · A13 Mk II 1939 · AEC Mk II · Crusader "The Saint" · Rooikat 105 |
| Medium tanks | A.C.I · Grant I · Cromwell V (RP-3) · Sherman IC "Trzyniec" · A.C.IV · Comet I "Iron Duke IV" |
| Centurion Mk.2 · ▄Strv 81 (RB 52) · Centurion Mk.5 AVRE · Centurion Mk.5/1 · ▄Sho't Kal Dalet · Centurion Action X | |
| Vijayanta · Khalid · Challenger DS · Challenger 2 OES | |
| Heavy tanks | Independent · Matilda Hedgehog · Excelsior · TOG II · Churchill Crocodile · Black Prince |
| Tank destroyers | Alecto I · Achilles (65 Rg.) · QF 3.7 Ram |
