Difference between pages "M24" and "M3 GMC"

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{{About
 
{{About
| about = American light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
+
| about = American tank destroyer '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other variants
+
| other
| link = M24 (Family)
+
| usage-1 = other half-track vehicles based on the M3
 +
| link-1 = M3 Half-Track (Family)
 +
| usage-2 = other uses
 +
| link-2 = M3 (Disambiguation)
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{Specs-Card
 
{{Specs-Card
|code=us_m24_chaffee
+
|code=us_halftrack_m3_75mm_gmc
 
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
 
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
 
}}
 
}}
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== Description ==
 
== Description ==
 
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' -->
 
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' -->
When World War II started, the US Army had the [[M3_Stuart_(Family)|Stuart]] as their primary light tank. However, the old armour arrangement and anemic 37 mm gun has the US Army desire a more powerful light tank to replace the Stuart. Starting as Light Tank T24, Ordnance Department sought to incorporate the Stuart mobility components into a design with better armour and the firepower of the 75 mm gun. This culminated in 1943 as the M24 and was nicknamed the "Chaffee". About 4,731 units were produced between 1944 and 1945 and the M24 saw its first combat service in the Battle of the Bulge. The M24 Chaffee would go on to serve throughout the rest of World War II, the Korean War, and in foreign armies elsewhere.
 
  
The M24 Chaffee, introduced into the game alongside the American ground tech tree in [[Update 1.45 "Steel Generals"]], is a major improvement over the series of M3/M5 Stuart light tank that players experience beforehand. The Chaffee's mobility is on par with the M5 Stuart, being able to move forwards and backwards at swift speed. The improved sloped armour in the front can allow the Chaffee to better take a hit than its predecessors, not to mention the larger crew size. Most importantly, the 75 mm gun allows the light tank to maintain a similar firepower as a medium tank. Intuitive players can make use of the superior mobility offered by the Chaffee platform and the firepower benefits of the 75 mm to not only strike enemies where they lease expect it, but also scout them out in order to let their teammates be aware of the enemy positions.
+
When the German Wehrmacht overrun France in 1940, the US Army began to re-evaluate their anti-tank strategy and inventory to face the Panzer Divisions. The result was the Tank Destroyer Branch in 1941 with its own dedicated tank destroyer vehicles to destroy German tanks. The urgency of setting up the branch caused the first vehicles to be more akin of an improvised weapon, resulting in the M3 Gun Motor Carriage (GMC), which consisted of a M3 half-track with a French 75 mm cannon installed on top. Despite the slapdash construction, the vehicle was approved for service and up to 2,200 were produced between 1941 to 1943, seeing combat in both the Pacific, North Africa, and Italian theaters. The M3 GMC would be slowly be replaced by the more powerful [[M10 GMC]], equipped with the larger 3-inch M7 gun.
 +
 
 +
The '''{{Specs|pseudonym}}''' was introduced in [[Update 1.49 "Weapons of Victory"]] as an American tank destroyer. The half-track construction does not inspire confidence in the vehicle's survivability, but the 75 mm gun packs a punch at its rank placement. However, the 75 mm gun suffers from a prolonged reload time, requiring users to make careful shot placements and make sure they have tactics to stay safe during the reload time. The M3 GMC can be a complicated tank destroyer to play with its vulnerabilities, but can enable players to bring to battle a large gun capable of decimating the opponent it hits, a good weapon to bring against the occasional medium or heavy tanks that could be seen in Rank I battles.
  
 
== General info ==
 
== General info ==
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{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}
 
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}
 
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' -->
 
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' -->
The M24 Chaffee has thin armour on all sides, and can only effectively resist machine gun fire or very low-penetrating shells. Its crew members also sit very close to each other, increasing the chance of it getting knocked out by a single shot. The V-shaped gun mantlet might bounce some small calibre shells if you are lucky enough. However, don't rely on it as the rest of the tank is still poorly protected. It should also be kept in mind that the hatch on the front is weak to higher-calibre rounds, so it is important to be careful when making advances as it is often targeted.
+
Just about any enemy is deadly to the 75 mm GMC M3, as the armour will only stop small-calibre machine gun rounds. Every tank cannon will penetrate the armour. Vehicles with autocannons or heavy machines guns are often the deadliest for the crew, especially strafing aircraft. The vehicle can also be easily destroyed by overpressure: HE shells and artillery strikes are thus very dangerous.
  
 
'''Armour type:'''
 
'''Armour type:'''
  
* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, turret, cupola)
+
* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (gun mantlet)
+
* Structural steel (back side)
  
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
|-
 
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
+
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
 
| Hull || 25.4 mm (60°) ''Front glacis'' <br> 25.4 mm (44°) ''Lower glacis'' || 25.4 mm (13°) ''Front'' <br> 12.7 mm (13°) ''Rear'' || 12.7 mm (71-74°) ''Top'' <br> 19 mm (1-43°) ''Bottom'' || 12.7 mm
 
 
|-
 
|-
| Turret || 38.1 mm (8-40°) ''Turret front'' <br> 38.1 mm (1-45°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 25.4 mm (17-26°) || 25.4 mm || 12.7 mm
+
| Hull || 6.35 mm (31°) || 6.35 mm || 6.35 mm || N/A
 
|-
 
|-
| Cupola || 38.1 mm || 38.1 mm || 38.1 mm || 38.1 mm
+
| Turret (Gun shield) || 12.7 mm || 12.7 mm || N/A || 12.7 mm
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
'''Notes''':
+
'''Notes:'''
  
* Suspension wheels and tracks are 15 mm thick.
+
* Tracks are 7 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 12.7 mm thick.
+
* Road wheels are 2 mm of rubber.
 +
* Structural chassis thickness is 15 mm throughout.
  
 
=== Mobility ===
 
=== Mobility ===
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<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' -->
 
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' -->
  
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=459|rbMinHp=262}}
+
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=210|rbMinHp=131}}
 
 
The M24 travels at an average of 40 km/h on/off-road which is the average light tank speed. It also responds fast when reversing. Thanks to its short and wide tracks it is able to turn quickly. However the acceleration is poor, making it to feel sluggish when performing short range manoeuvres.
 
  
 
=== Modifications and economy ===
 
=== Modifications and economy ===
 
{{Specs-Economy}}
 
{{Specs-Economy}}
 +
 +
As with all tanks, Parts and FPE should be your first priority. After that you may want to pick up the M61 shot for an overall much more lethal round, with better penetration and some explosive filler. Beyond that, crew replenishment should be a priority; how you get there is personal preference between mobility improvements or gun handling. Both paths have merit, but seeing as the role of the M3 is more of a longer range support vehicle, gun handling would likely provide a greater benefit for most players.
  
 
== Armaments ==
 
== Armaments ==
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{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}
 
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}
 
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' -->
 
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' -->
{{main|M6 (75 mm)}}
+
{{main|M1897A4 (75 mm)}}
 
 
The tank offers the 75 mm M6 gun, which only differs from the [[M4|M4]]/[[M4A1|M4A1]] Sherman's 75 mm M3 gun with its slower reloading rate due to the smaller confines of the M24 Chaffee. The shells come in handy for certain tanks; they generally penetrate armour very well. It is rare to experience a ricochet or be to unable to penetrate any armour.
 
  
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
 
|-
 
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M6 (75 mm)|75 mm M6]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
+
! colspan="5" | [[M1897A4 (75 mm)|75 mm M1897A4]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
 
|-
 
|-
 
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
 
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
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|-
 
|-
 
! ''Arcade''
 
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 48 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+15° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Vertical|up to 24 km/h}} || 22.85 || 31.62 || 38.40 || 42.47 || 45.18 || rowspan="2" | 8.45 || rowspan="2" | 7.47 || rowspan="2" | 6.89 || rowspan="2" | 6.50
+
| rowspan="2" | 60 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+29° || rowspan="2" | -19°/+21° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 5.3 || 7.3 || 8.9 || 9.8 || 10.5 || rowspan="2" | 7.80 || rowspan="2" | 6.90 || rowspan="2" | 6.36 || rowspan="2" | 6.00
 
|-
 
|-
 
! ''Realistic''
 
! ''Realistic''
| 14.28 || 16.80 || 20.40 || 22.56 || 24.00
+
| 3.6 || 4.2 || 5.1 || 5.6 || 6.0
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
  
 
==== Ammunition ====
 
==== Ammunition ====
{{:M6 (75 mm)/Ammunition|M72 shot, M48 shell, M61 shot, M64}}
+
{{:M1897A4 (75 mm)/Ammunition|M72 shot, M48 shell, M61 shot, M89}}
  
 
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
 
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
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! Visual<br>discrepancy
 
! Visual<br>discrepancy
 
|-
 
|-
| '''48''' || 25&nbsp;''(+23)'' || 1&nbsp;''(+47)'' || No
+
| '''60''' || 31&nbsp;''(+29)'' || 1&nbsp;''(+59)'' || Yes
|-
 
|}
 
 
 
=== Machine guns ===
 
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
 
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}
 
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' -->
 
{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}
 
 
 
The two machine guns on the M24 Chaffee are the [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|.50 cal M2HB]] and the [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]. The roof-mounted .50 cal can traverse 360 degrees and has great depression & elevation, posting a big threat to any plane that is flying too close to the M24. It has an unbelievable penetration of 31 mm at 10 m, meaning it can easily penetrate plenty of lightly armoured vehicles and even the side of some low rank medium tanks. The 7.62 mm, on the other hand, can only efficiently damage exposed crews due to its low penetration.
 
 
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
 
|-
 
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
 
|-
 
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
 
|-
 
| Pintle || 1,000 (200) || 577 || -10°/+70° || ±60°
 
|-
 
|}
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
 
|-
 
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]
 
|-
 
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
 
|-
 
| Coaxial || 2,000 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
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== Usage in battles ==
 
== Usage in battles ==
 
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' -->
 
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' -->
The M24 Chaffee is a very good tank with a fairly interesting playstyle. Instead of being permanently stationed at a single point and continuously firing at an enemy, this tank offers impressive manoeuvrability and speed which allows it to perform impressive flanking manoeuvres. The M24 can travel at around 38 km/h forward and -25 km/h backwards. Its reverse speed is very good if a quick getaway by going backwards is needed. Thus, this tank excels at "peek-a-boo" tactics in which one hides behind a rock or other large piece of cover and repeatedly inches out to fire at an enemy.
 
 
An extension of this "peek-a-boo" tactic is to also use the tank's mobility for "scoot-and-shoot" tactics by firing and then moving to another firing location so as to prevent enemy tanks and tank destroyers from accurately guessing range. This can be difficult, however, as you must be very versed in your own tank's ballistics to make shots as you will have to estimate range on the fly. Don't think this means firing on the move - if you are going faster than 16 km/h (10 mph), the stabilizer will not allow for accurate shots, and it is only a vertical stabilizer.
 
 
Do not continuously shoot at a tank without backing up/moving. The vehicle's armour is very thin and will most likely be destroyed if it stays in one position and does not stop changing positions. Always try to get the first shot off in a head-on attack. The best shell to use is the M61 shell as its penetration and explosive filler make it better in almost every aspect than the M72 shell. You can try loading under 20 shells and you will be more survivable than players expect.
 
  
Another way to go around is to flank the enemy. If attacking with a more direct approach, keep hidden behind a building or boulder and pop out every now and then to take a shot at the enemy. Also, prioritize targets who are busy fighting others and cannot retaliate. Usually, after the first shot, it may disable their tank depending on what it is. Disabling the enemy tank's crew, tracks, engine, etc. allows for retaliation without the risk of any incoming enemy shells.
+
The 75 mm GMC M3 cannot go toe-to-toe with other tanks due to the lack of protection for the crew and insufficient armour layout. The armour can only stop rifle-calibre rounds from machine guns, and could possibly deflect 12.7 mm rounds off the frontal arc, but this vehicle was never designed to fight other tanks head-to-head. Its playstyle may generally confuse new or inexperienced players, as they would bring the vehicle up close to the front.
  
'''Enemies worth noting''':
+
The vehicle was mainly purposed for destroying tanks at a distance, hence the amazing penetration values with the gun at its battle rating. It will still penetrate tanks of its BR and rank even at 500 m, which means staying from afar is the best way to play this particular vehicle. However, relocating after successive shots is another good idea. It prevents returning fire from the enemy, especially artillery strikes. It is not wise to bring this vehicle upfront, as it will probably not survive long with rigorous combat. However, the M3 GMC can be quite deadly up close as well if it manages to take the enemy by surprise. If planning to go up front, stock up on the M61 shot, which will increase the gun's lethality to tanks due to its internal HE charge. Keep in mind that this vehicle has to be supported by teammates, experienced players will take note of it's long to reload and may try to rush out and destroy the M3 GMC during the reloads. Effective use of its excellent reverse speed to take cover or back out of enemy fire will increase the chances of surviving. Overall, this vehicle is an effective tank destroyer for its rank, rivalling the [[ZiS-30]]. It combines the penetration ability of the ZiS-30 on to a larger calibre weapon, at the same time marrying the weapon on to the M3 half-track, which is already blessed with exceptional mobility.
  
* [[Sd.Kfz.234 (Family)]]: The M24, although agile, is still not the fastest tank at its rank. When your opposite team has Germany, you might want to reconsider the option of capping a point straight away, since the German Sd.Kfz.234 series are very likely to be there first. The [[Sd.Kfz.234/2]] is a turreted 8-wheel vehicle with a small profile, extremely high on-road speed and a powerful 50 mm gun. But it cannot turn in place, has a very slow turret traverse and only 8 mm of side hull armour, so a good tactic is to circle with it and utilise your stabiliser, fast turret and the piercing .50 cal. In an intense melee fight, you might miss your shots. Don't worry, your reliable .50 cal can penetrate the sides, or even the front of the puma easily. The [[Sd.Kfz.234/3]] and [[Sd.Kfz.234/4]], although being equally deadly, are turretless. You can use some quick turns to avoid their guns or tear through the thin armour plate protecting their gunners with your .50 cal.
+
The low fire rate can be a fatal downfall for many newer players; always stay in cover while reloading. Many players will stay out in the open while they wait for the gun to reload; this is a deadly mistake.
* [[E.B.R. (1954)]]: this wheeled vehicle, just like the Sd.Kfz.234 series, is able to reach a remarkably high speed, especially on road. It is equipped with a deadly 75 mm cannon with autoloader, dealing more fragmental damage than the Sd.Kfz.234's and can therefore easily knock out the M24 with a single shot most of the times. The tactics vary a bit, as the E.B.R also has way faster turret traverse, therefore you do not want to "dogfight" it like how you deal with a Puma. You need to be more careful and try to ambush it. Utilise your advantages well, you have superior gun depression, explosive-packed shells, lots of smoke grenades and, most importantly, a vertical stabiliser.
 
* [[KV-1]], [[KV-IB (Germany)|KV-IB]], [[KW I C 756 (r) (Germany)|KW I C 756 (r)]]: The famous KV-series can cause a bit of troubles too. They are well know for their well-protected hull and turrets. The M24 can manoeuvre to point-blank range, line up your gun so it's pointing dead flat at the armour and fire. The 104 mm penetration of the M61 shell should punch a hole in the KV's armour with ease. If you are close enough but do not have the space to manoeuvre, shoot their gun barrel to prevent them from getting a shot off, then go for their turret ring or the vertical part on their gun mantlet, which is only 90 mm. For the KV-1B, do not try and fire at its turret from the front and side, as they are 105 mm thick and will never get penetrated. For the KW I C 756, aim for the cupola (50 m) or the gun mantlet (50 mm) to knock out the turret crew or the gun breech. Don't shoot at anywhere else, the shell won't penetrate.
 
* [[Churchill (Family)|Churchill]] tanks: The Churchills, with their complex hulls and sturdy turrets, can be quite hard to penetrate at range. Again, manoeuvre as close to them as possible, the idea distance being no more than 200 m. If they are angling their hull but facing their turret at you, only go for the turret. For the Mk I Churchills, aim at the near-vertical part of their rounded cheeks to ensure successful penetrations. For the Mk III and the German Churchill, also aim for their flat turret which is at most 89 mm. The shell should go in easily and knock out most, if not all of the crew. Only when you are facing their hull without any angles should you shoot the hull, otherwise shoot the turret only, as their big tracks can easily get in front of the frontal hull. The side hull have multiple layers of armour, some of which are weirdly angled and can absorb plenty of shells.
 
* [[M4A2]] / [[M4A4 (1st PTG)]]: these Sherman tanks are widely used by over 3 nations that spread across both the Allied and the Axis side, so no matter which nation you play they can be quite tough to destroy in the hands of a skilled tanker. Given the rather weak penetration of your short 75 mm gun, their hull can be almost impossible to penetrate when angled, hull down or 300 m away. For a M4A4, there are 2 apparent bulges on the upper front plate, a penetration through there can guarantee a knock-out most of the times. But in case the opponent covers them up or when it's a M4A2, aim for the middle parts of the gun mantlet or the turret armour unprotected by the mantlet, you can at least make them defenseless.
 
* [[StuG III G]], [[StuH 42 G]], [[Jagdpanzer 38(t)]]: These German tank destroyers are deadly ambushers as well as well-defended frontline vehicles. They have low profiles which make them significantly less noticeable on the battlefield. They also have very thick or sloped armour. In particular, the StuG and StuH can have a maximum frontal thickness of 100 mm with additional armour, making them tough enough for the M24's 75 mm short cannon. Thus the M24 should avoid direct combat with them as they are difficult to penetrate and can easily knock out the M24. Fortunately, all 3 do not have a turret and were poorly protected on their sides, so flanking become a great tactic to finish them off. However, be aware that StuG and StuH can turn their hulls very quickly, so take that into account.  
 
  
 
=== Pros and cons ===
 
=== Pros and cons ===
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'''Pros:'''
 
'''Pros:'''
  
* Decent mobility: good top speed and great turning ability
+
* Powerful cannon for its rank
* Uses the same gun as the 75 mm Shermans: various shell types, great penetration & damage and excellent gun depression. M61 shell can easily knock out common medium tanks with a single shot
+
* Good mobility
* Fast turret traverse allows it to track agile targets easily
+
* Post-penetration damage of the M61 shot is deadly
* Low profile allows it to easily hide behind small bushes or rocks, increasing survivability
+
* Exceptional reverse speed
* Equipped with a vertical plane stabilizer, allowing for more accurate shots on the move or shoot-n-scoot tactics
+
* Acceleration is best when compared to other tank destroyers of its rank
* Pintle-mounted HMG allows for air defense and some anti tank ability (e.g. Marder III, Sd.Kfz.234 series, Breda 501, etc)
+
* Two spare crew members before efficiency is compromised
* 13 smoke grenades allow escaping from dangerous situation for many times
 
* Effective even in uptiers if used for flanking shots or hunting soft targets
 
* Very fast reverse allowing it to retreat from danger quickly
 
  
 
'''Cons:'''
 
'''Cons:'''
  
* Low survivability: all-round thin armour and closely packed crews. Can get one-shot by common guns like 76 mm F-34 and 75 mm KwK40
+
* New players may find the large turn radius of this vehicle very hard to use
* Acceleration is rather sluggish, especially when stock or on soft terrains
+
* Lightly armoured, will only withstand 7.92 mm rounds effectively
* On-road top speed is inferior to some wheeled vehicles like the [[Sd.Kfz.234/2]] and other light tanks at its BR
+
* Any cannon round will penetrate this vehicle anywhere
* Shells drop dramatically at long distances, making distant / moving targets hard to shoot at
+
* Vulnerable to strafing aircraft
* Reload time is pretty slow for a light tank
+
* Entire crew is exposed, can be incapacitated by overpressure (HE shells, artillery strikes)
* Low ammo count can be a problem in long games or RB/SB matches but not so low that ammo rack detonations are rare
+
* Commander and loader are in-line with each other when viewing from the front, and same for the driver and gunner
 +
* Poor reload time, slower than most other cannons at the rank
 +
* Stock AP shell has poor post-penetration damage
 +
* Limited traverse and slow traverse speed for the cannon
  
 
== History ==
 
== History ==
 
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' -->
 
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' -->
 
===Development===
 
===Development===
As early as 1942, the light tanks [[M3 Stuart|M3]] and [[M5A1|M5 Stuart]] have been seen as severely lacking in the modernizing design of tanks and how they fight. The armour was seen as insufficient and the [[M3 (37 mm)|37 mm gun]] was also deemed useless against even the standard German tanks like the [[Pz.III J|Panzer III]] and [[Pz.IV F2|Panzer IV]]. The system needed an upgrade, specifically a light tank that mounts the [[M3 (75 mm)|75 mm gun]] seen on the [[M4|Shermans]]. An attempt to mount a 75 mm gun on a Stuart was deemed inefficient as it reduced ammo stowage and left the armour too thin on the design.
+
In the opening stages of World War II, the American military leaders realize they did not have any adequate anti-tank weaponry to repel a German tank assault. An urgent request for one developed into something akin of an improvised weapon.
 +
[[File:75mm_M3_GMC.jpg|x200px|left|thumb|none|A 75 mm GMC M3.]]
  
In April 1943, the U.S. Ordnance Department worked with Cadillac to start on a project for the new light tank, designated Light Tank T24. The powertrain and transmission of the M5 Stuart were used with the ultimate goal of producing a vehicle weighing less than 20 tons. This left the vehicle with relatively thin armour to stay lightweight. At the time, a lighter 75 mm gun was developed for mounting on the [[B-25J-20|B-25 Mitchell bomber]] without sacrificing performance, and this was mounted onto the light tank in development. The tank used 410 mm wide tracks with a torsion bar suspension that greatly improves cross-country travel. The engine was a Cadillac 44T24 V-8 petrol engine. The chassis was designed with the expectation that it would be used as a basis of many different vehicle roles so it was called the "Light Combat Team". The light tank end design had a low profile at 9 ft. 1 in. height and featuring a crew of five with a three-man turret, an improvement over the two-man turrets of the Stuarts. The first finished vehicle arrived on October 15, 1943, and was deemed a success, starting a contract for 1,000 units that was later raised to 5,000 units. The vehicle was classified as the Light Tank M24 and as the Chaffee by the British after US General Adna R. Chaffee, Jr., who helped develop some of America's earliest tank designs. The vehicle was produced by Cadillac and Massey-Harris from April 1944 to August 1945 with a total of 4,731 units produced.
+
Army development took an M3 half-track and placed the French [[M1897A4 (75 mm)|75 mm Gun M1897A4]] gun onto it with a huge gun shield to protect the crew. This experimental vehicle was called the ''T12'', and was deemed to work well enough to be adopted and standardized in October 1941 as the '''75 mm GMC M3'''. From 1941 to 1943, about 2,200 units were produced, but many were converted back to standard half-tracks before they got issued, so it resulted in only about 842 units seeing combat service.
  
===Combat usage===
+
The M3 GMC was not particularly a protected vehicle given that it used a half-track as its basis, giving it rather limited protection for the crew. The gun crew on the half-track has a huge gun shield to take cover behind as they ready the weapon, but the truck driver and passenger would have no protection available. The French 75 mm Gun M1897A4 attached was a multi-purpose artillery piece, it could fire an armour piercing shell that could penetrate 81 mm of armour at 500 yards in a direct-fire role, and could hit targets up to 9,200 yards in an indirect-fire role. The 75 mm gun could only traverse in a limited arc forward, unable to traverse to face the back. Nevertheless, for a rushed production, the vehicle was deemed acceptable for use.
The first batch of M24s reached the battlefields of Europe in November of 1944 and first assigned to the U.S. 2nd Cavalry Group in France. The M24 gradually entered widespread use by December 1944, some Chaffees went to the British to replace their Stuart tanks as well. The M24s were first used in the Battle of the Bulge with the 2nd and 42nd Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron sent to support the southern sector of the battle. The Chaffees were slow to enter use in the front-lines as even by the end of the war, some armoured division did not have the M24 light tanks. Despite that, the reception of the Chaffee was positive even though it may not have the firepower to fight the better German tanks like the [[Panther G|Panther tanks]]. The 75 mm gun gave the crew much more firepower than the earlier 37 mm. The light armour, though allowing the tank to pick up speed, was penetrable by most anti-tank weapons in service by Germany. The effect of the M24 Chaffee in World War II was deemed insignificant as it was not used in great numbers in comparison to the Stuarts in service since the start of the war.
 
  
The M24 Chaffee served a greater role in the Korean War and were sent in large numbers to combat the North Korean Armoured Forces, however, they were severely under-gunned with their 75 mm cannon and the light armour was easily destroyed by the Soviet-supplied [[T-34-85]] tanks. Plus, the deficiency in crew training also contributed to the poor performance of the M24 against the North Koreans. Due to their inferiority, they were used as a delaying measure until better tanks like the [[M4A3 (76) W|M4A3E8 Sherman]] and [[M26|M26 Pershing]] could be brought in. Once with supports with these better tanks, the Chaffees were relegated to reconnaissance roles, where they served with better results.
+
===Combat service===
 +
[[File:Acorn Inn 75mm M3 GMC_NA22387.jpg|x300px|right|thumb|A 75 mm M3 GMC in British service firing in an artillery role in the Italian theater.]]
 +
The vehicles saw service first in the Philippines when the Japanese invaded in December 1942, used to fend off Japanese vehicles and infantry. When the Japanese conquered the Philippines, they captured the 75 mm GMC M3s and used them against U.S. Forces when they invaded the Philippines in October 1944. The largest concentration of the 75 mm GMC M3 was in the North African Campaign, and then again in the Sicilian Campaign. During the Sicilian campaign, it was gradually phased out for the [[M10 GMC|3-inch Gun Motor Carriage M10]] as it was starting to become obsolete, but it stayed as a support weapon as assault guns for special forces. In the Pacific, they saw further use in the Marine Corps blasting Japanese tanks and fortifications on the major island battles before being gradually replaced by the 105 mm artillery on the M7 Priest.
  
The M24, after being replaced in America by the [[M41A1|M41 Walker Bulldog]], was sent to many other countries for use. The French Army deployed the M24s during their fighting in Indochina and famously in the Battle for Dien Bien Phu. Some M24s went to the hands of the ARVN in South Vietnam to support the troops during the Vietnam War. The Pakistani Army used them as well in 1971 against India during the Indo-Pakistani War. The M24 Chaffee was also adapted in different roles by using the chassis for different designs, such as the [[M19|M19 TGMC anti-air gun]] and self-propelled guns with the M37 105 mm HMC and M41 155 mm HMC.
+
The British, French, and Philippine Army were the few Allies who got their hands on the 75 mm GMC M3. In British terminology, it was known as the ''75 mm SP, Autocar''. The Free French forces used some M3 GMC in the Western Front during the invasion of France. The Philippine forces used the M3 GMC when the U.S. supplied their military there with it. The Philippines retained the M3 GMC up to the 1960s, being used by a number of factions, from the Japanese when they captured it in the 1940s, the rebels of the Hukbalahap Rebellion, and in the Korean War by the Philippine Expeditionary Force.
 
 
The Chaffee had turned out to be one of the greatest light tanks the Allies developed during World War II. Though arriving too late to be a main turning factor for the war, the design has turned out to be so reliable that some countries like Uruguay still operate modernized versions. Austria has since retired its M24 fleet, but their turrets still serve on as bunkers.
 
  
 
{{break}}
 
{{break}}
 
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
 
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
 
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
 
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
The experience of the M3 and M5 light tanks in the western desert proved that the era of light tanks with angular bodies and vertical suspension had come to a close. In 1943 work began on a completely new tank with the popular Hydromatic transmission and a carburetor engine made by Cadillac. The assignment, outside of strengthening the armament, was to keep the maximum weight below 18 short tons. As a result, a new hull with heavily sloped armour plates was developed. The turret gained a streamlined look with 37 mm armour.
+
This self-propelled artillery installation was built in 1941 on the base of the M3 semitrack transporter by installing a modified version of an old French cannon onto it. It was released right up until 1943 and was unsuccessful as an anti-tank vehicle due to its poor armament and minimal armour.
 
 
The running gear was made up of five rubber-coated weight-bearing wheels and three supporting rollers in addition to forward, leading, and rear guiding wheels. The tank's main gun was a 75 mm M6 cannon with anti-recoil mechanisms around the barrel, something that made it much smaller. The tanks were fitted with coaxial and bow-mounted 7.62 mm machine guns.
 
 
 
The first T24 light tank prototype entered trials in October 1943. It turned out to be such a success that 1,000 units were quickly ordered, a number that later jumped to 5,000. Production took place at Cadillac and Massay-Harris factories, where 4,415 tanks were assembled between March 1944 and October 1945. The T24 was officially accepted two months after full-scale production began, receiving a new M24 designation. It entered combat in fall 1944 and was the American army's primary light tank through the end of the war.
 
 
 
The tanks sent to the UK via Lend-Lease were referred to as Chaffees.
 
 
 
The successful tank had a long career, fighting in the Korean, First Indochina, Vietnam, and Third Indo-Pakistani wars.
 
 
{{Navigation-End}}
 
{{Navigation-End}}
  
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;Skins
 
;Skins
  
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=us_m24_chaffee Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]
+
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=us_halftrack_m3_75mm_gmc Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]
  
 
;Videos
 
;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|OwVN5bFIzaM|'''A Perfect Starter Light Tank - {{PAGENAME}} Chaffee''' - ''Virus''|vwrFDhWX1gg|'''Tank Chats #140 <nowiki>| M24 Chaffee |</nowiki> The Tank Museum''' - ''The Tank Museum''}}
+
{{Youtube-gallery|jB988Jwdfws|'''Talisman Series (Tanks) M3 GMC. I get lucky!''' - ''Joseph 2000''|6uI2emtskdU|'''M3 75 mm GMC, American, Tier-1 Tank Destroyer''' - ''Angry Nerd Gaming''}}
  
 
== See also ==
 
== See also ==
Line 212: Line 168:
 
;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role
 
;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role
  
* [[AMX-13 (FL11)]]
+
* [[Sd.Kfz.251/10]]
 +
* [[Sd.Kfz.251/22]]
 +
* [[SU-57]]
  
 
== External links ==
 
== External links ==
Line 219: Line 177:
 
* ''other literature.'' -->
 
* ''other literature.'' -->
  
* [[wt:en/news/2936--en|[Vehicle Profile] M24 Chaffee]]
+
* [[wt:en/devblog/current/764/|[Devblog] M3 75 mm GMC and Ki-21-1ko]]
 +
* [[wikipedia:M3_Gun_Motor_Carriage|[Wikipedia] M3 Gun Motor Carriage]]
 +
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/US/M3_Halftrack.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Half Track Car M3]
  
{{TankManufacturer Ordnance Department}}
+
{{USA tank destroyers}}
{{TankManufacturer Cadillac}}
+
[[Category:Half-tracks]]
{{USA light tanks}}
 

Latest revision as of 16:51, 24 November 2023

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Use Wiki 3.0
This page is about the American tank destroyer M3 GMC. For other half-track vehicles based on the M3, see M3 Half-Track (Family). For other uses, see M3 (Disambiguation).
M3 GMC
us_halftrack_m3_75mm_gmc.png
GarageImage M3 GMC.jpg
ArtImage M3 GMC.png
M3 GMC

Description

When the German Wehrmacht overrun France in 1940, the US Army began to re-evaluate their anti-tank strategy and inventory to face the Panzer Divisions. The result was the Tank Destroyer Branch in 1941 with its own dedicated tank destroyer vehicles to destroy German tanks. The urgency of setting up the branch caused the first vehicles to be more akin of an improvised weapon, resulting in the M3 Gun Motor Carriage (GMC), which consisted of a M3 half-track with a French 75 mm cannon installed on top. Despite the slapdash construction, the vehicle was approved for service and up to 2,200 were produced between 1941 to 1943, seeing combat in both the Pacific, North Africa, and Italian theaters. The M3 GMC would be slowly be replaced by the more powerful M10 GMC, equipped with the larger 3-inch M7 gun.

The M3 GMC was introduced in Update 1.49 "Weapons of Victory" as an American tank destroyer. The half-track construction does not inspire confidence in the vehicle's survivability, but the 75 mm gun packs a punch at its rank placement. However, the 75 mm gun suffers from a prolonged reload time, requiring users to make careful shot placements and make sure they have tactics to stay safe during the reload time. The M3 GMC can be a complicated tank destroyer to play with its vulnerabilities, but can enable players to bring to battle a large gun capable of decimating the opponent it hits, a good weapon to bring against the occasional medium or heavy tanks that could be seen in Rank I battles.

General info

Survivability and armour

Just about any enemy is deadly to the 75 mm GMC M3, as the armour will only stop small-calibre machine gun rounds. Every tank cannon will penetrate the armour. Vehicles with autocannons or heavy machines guns are often the deadliest for the crew, especially strafing aircraft. The vehicle can also be easily destroyed by overpressure: HE shells and artillery strikes are thus very dangerous.

Armour type:

  • Rolled homogeneous armour
  • Structural steel (back side)
Armour Front Sides Rear Roof
Hull 6.35 mm (31°) 6.35 mm 6.35 mm N/A
Turret (Gun shield) 12.7 mm 12.7 mm N/A 12.7 mm

Notes:

  • Tracks are 7 mm thick.
  • Road wheels are 2 mm of rubber.
  • Structural chassis thickness is 15 mm throughout.

Mobility

Game Mode Max Speed (km/h) Weight (tons) Engine power (horsepower) Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
Forward Reverse Stock Upgraded Stock Upgraded
Arcade Expression error: Unexpected * operator. 210 Expression error: Unexpected round operator. __.__
Realistic 131 Expression error: Unexpected round operator. __.__

Modifications and economy

As with all tanks, Parts and FPE should be your first priority. After that you may want to pick up the M61 shot for an overall much more lethal round, with better penetration and some explosive filler. Beyond that, crew replenishment should be a priority; how you get there is personal preference between mobility improvements or gun handling. Both paths have merit, but seeing as the role of the M3 is more of a longer range support vehicle, gun handling would likely provide a greater benefit for most players.

Armaments

Main armament

Main article: M1897A4 (75 mm)
75 mm M1897A4 Turret rotation speed (°/s) Reloading rate (seconds)
Mode Capacity Vertical Horizontal Stabilizer Stock Upgraded Full Expert Aced Stock Full Expert Aced
Arcade 60 -10°/+29° -19°/+21° N/A 5.3 7.3 8.9 9.8 10.5 7.80 6.90 6.36 6.00
Realistic 3.6 4.2 5.1 5.6 6.0

Ammunition

Penetration statistics
Ammunition Type of
warhead
Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
10 m 100 m 500 m 1,000 m 1,500 m 2,000 m
M72 shot AP 89 86 76 65 56 48
M48 shell HE 11 11 10 10 10 10
M61 shot APCBC 102 100 91 82 74 66
Shell details
Ammunition Type of
warhead
Velocity
(m/s)
Projectile
mass (kg)
Fuse delay
(m)
Fuse sensitivity
(mm)
Explosive mass
(TNT equivalent) (g)
Ricochet
0% 50% 100%
M72 shot AP 609 6.3 - - - 47° 60° 65°
M48 shell HE 594 6.3 0.2 0.1 666 79° 80° 81°
M61 shot APCBC 609 6.79 1.2 14 63.7 48° 63° 71°
Smoke shell characteristics
Ammunition Velocity
(m/s)
Projectile
mass (kg)
Screen radius
(m)
Screen deploy
time (s)
Screen hold
time (s)
Explosive mass
(TNT equivalent) (g)
M89 259 3 9 5 20 50

Ammo racks

Ammo racks of the M3 GMC
Full
ammo
1st
rack empty
2nd
rack empty
Visual
discrepancy
60 31 (+29) (+59) Yes

Usage in battles

The 75 mm GMC M3 cannot go toe-to-toe with other tanks due to the lack of protection for the crew and insufficient armour layout. The armour can only stop rifle-calibre rounds from machine guns, and could possibly deflect 12.7 mm rounds off the frontal arc, but this vehicle was never designed to fight other tanks head-to-head. Its playstyle may generally confuse new or inexperienced players, as they would bring the vehicle up close to the front.

The vehicle was mainly purposed for destroying tanks at a distance, hence the amazing penetration values with the gun at its battle rating. It will still penetrate tanks of its BR and rank even at 500 m, which means staying from afar is the best way to play this particular vehicle. However, relocating after successive shots is another good idea. It prevents returning fire from the enemy, especially artillery strikes. It is not wise to bring this vehicle upfront, as it will probably not survive long with rigorous combat. However, the M3 GMC can be quite deadly up close as well if it manages to take the enemy by surprise. If planning to go up front, stock up on the M61 shot, which will increase the gun's lethality to tanks due to its internal HE charge. Keep in mind that this vehicle has to be supported by teammates, experienced players will take note of it's long to reload and may try to rush out and destroy the M3 GMC during the reloads. Effective use of its excellent reverse speed to take cover or back out of enemy fire will increase the chances of surviving. Overall, this vehicle is an effective tank destroyer for its rank, rivalling the ZiS-30. It combines the penetration ability of the ZiS-30 on to a larger calibre weapon, at the same time marrying the weapon on to the M3 half-track, which is already blessed with exceptional mobility.

The low fire rate can be a fatal downfall for many newer players; always stay in cover while reloading. Many players will stay out in the open while they wait for the gun to reload; this is a deadly mistake.

Pros and cons

Pros:

  • Powerful cannon for its rank
  • Good mobility
  • Post-penetration damage of the M61 shot is deadly
  • Exceptional reverse speed
  • Acceleration is best when compared to other tank destroyers of its rank
  • Two spare crew members before efficiency is compromised

Cons:

  • New players may find the large turn radius of this vehicle very hard to use
  • Lightly armoured, will only withstand 7.92 mm rounds effectively
  • Any cannon round will penetrate this vehicle anywhere
  • Vulnerable to strafing aircraft
  • Entire crew is exposed, can be incapacitated by overpressure (HE shells, artillery strikes)
  • Commander and loader are in-line with each other when viewing from the front, and same for the driver and gunner
  • Poor reload time, slower than most other cannons at the rank
  • Stock AP shell has poor post-penetration damage
  • Limited traverse and slow traverse speed for the cannon

History

Development

In the opening stages of World War II, the American military leaders realize they did not have any adequate anti-tank weaponry to repel a German tank assault. An urgent request for one developed into something akin of an improvised weapon.

A 75 mm GMC M3.

Army development took an M3 half-track and placed the French 75 mm Gun M1897A4 gun onto it with a huge gun shield to protect the crew. This experimental vehicle was called the T12, and was deemed to work well enough to be adopted and standardized in October 1941 as the 75 mm GMC M3. From 1941 to 1943, about 2,200 units were produced, but many were converted back to standard half-tracks before they got issued, so it resulted in only about 842 units seeing combat service.

The M3 GMC was not particularly a protected vehicle given that it used a half-track as its basis, giving it rather limited protection for the crew. The gun crew on the half-track has a huge gun shield to take cover behind as they ready the weapon, but the truck driver and passenger would have no protection available. The French 75 mm Gun M1897A4 attached was a multi-purpose artillery piece, it could fire an armour piercing shell that could penetrate 81 mm of armour at 500 yards in a direct-fire role, and could hit targets up to 9,200 yards in an indirect-fire role. The 75 mm gun could only traverse in a limited arc forward, unable to traverse to face the back. Nevertheless, for a rushed production, the vehicle was deemed acceptable for use.

Combat service

A 75 mm M3 GMC in British service firing in an artillery role in the Italian theater.

The vehicles saw service first in the Philippines when the Japanese invaded in December 1942, used to fend off Japanese vehicles and infantry. When the Japanese conquered the Philippines, they captured the 75 mm GMC M3s and used them against U.S. Forces when they invaded the Philippines in October 1944. The largest concentration of the 75 mm GMC M3 was in the North African Campaign, and then again in the Sicilian Campaign. During the Sicilian campaign, it was gradually phased out for the 3-inch Gun Motor Carriage M10 as it was starting to become obsolete, but it stayed as a support weapon as assault guns for special forces. In the Pacific, they saw further use in the Marine Corps blasting Japanese tanks and fortifications on the major island battles before being gradually replaced by the 105 mm artillery on the M7 Priest.

The British, French, and Philippine Army were the few Allies who got their hands on the 75 mm GMC M3. In British terminology, it was known as the 75 mm SP, Autocar. The Free French forces used some M3 GMC in the Western Front during the invasion of France. The Philippine forces used the M3 GMC when the U.S. supplied their military there with it. The Philippines retained the M3 GMC up to the 1960s, being used by a number of factions, from the Japanese when they captured it in the 1940s, the rebels of the Hukbalahap Rebellion, and in the Korean War by the Philippine Expeditionary Force.


Archive of the in-game description

This self-propelled artillery installation was built in 1941 on the base of the M3 semitrack transporter by installing a modified version of an old French cannon onto it. It was released right up until 1943 and was unsuccessful as an anti-tank vehicle due to its poor armament and minimal armour.


Media

Skins
Videos

See also

Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

External links


USA tank destroyers
M10  M10 GMC
M36  M36 GMC · M36B2
T95  T28 · T95
M109  M109A1
ATGM  LOSAT · M901
Wheeled  M3 GMC · T55E1
Other  M8 HMC · M50 · M56
China  ▃LVT(A)(4) (ZIS-2)