Difference between revisions of "OF-40"

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{{Specs-Card|code=it_of_40_mk_1}}
+
{{About
 +
| about = Italian medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
 +
| usage = other versions
 +
| link = OF-40 (Family)
 +
}}
 +
{{Specs-Card
 +
|code=it_of_40_mk_1
 +
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
 +
}}
  
 
== Description ==
 
== Description ==
 
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' -->
 
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' -->
−
[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
+
Many consider the OF-40 to be Italy's first attempt at making a main battle tank post-WW2. The OF-40 was made after experience gained from the OTO Melara Leone project, it being a modified [[Leopard I]].
−
{{Break}}
+
 
−
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]].
+
Introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]], the playstyle of the OF-40 is very similar to that of the Leopard 1 series of vehicles found in the German tech tree. The OF-40 does have slightly better turret armour, but the weakspots the Leopard 1 has pretty much are the exact same on the OF-40. Mobility-wise, the tank does not disappoint, the armament is also quite potent. The OF-40 is armed with a 105 mm cannon, although it is unstabilized which can be an issue when firing on the move, so it's best to fire whilst stationary. The vehicle also has access to a laser rangefinder, but it does not get access to thermals. Overall, this tank can be quite effective when a player can work around its weaknesses and make the most of its strengths.
  
 
== General info ==
 
== General info ==
 
=== Survivability and armour ===
 
=== Survivability and armour ===
−
The OF-40's armour isn't great, but it certainly is in a way better than the Leopard 1's. The OF-40's turret has very weird angles, so you can bounce some incoming shots from there. The sides (excluding the spaced armour in the turret) are only 35mm thick at most, so you can't rely on the armour as much as you could hope to compared to other tanks that fight at the OF-40's battle rating. The OF-40 has better protection when it comes to the front plate. It is 170mm thick front-on. Other than that, its hull is very weak, so it cannot be completely relied on. It's survivability is average. In most cases, enemies will only manage to take out one crew member, the gunner and loader are quite spaced out between each other. The same cannot be said about the rest of the crew however. The OF-40 can and will take a hit and with smoke launchers it will survive better than most.
+
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}
 +
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' -->
 +
The OF-40's armour isn't great, but it certainly is way better than the Leopard 1's.  
 +
[[File:OF40 survives rocket spam.jpg|thumb|right|Due to a better ammo rack placement and higher turret sturdyness overall, OF-40 can sometimes survive extremely lethal encounters, like this rocket tank. Don't push your luck though!]]
 +
On the bright side, the OF-40's turret has very weird angles, so it can bounce or even block some incoming shots from there. Frontally, turret is practically invulnerable to autocannon fire aside from the neck and unlucky ricochets into the hull roof. There are no stupid mandatory ammo racks next to the loader's face, so commander can tank practically anything with the left turret cheek while only risking the loader (which may be already dead anyway). The gun mask can also block HESH reliably if the tank pushes fast enough.
 +
 
 +
When looked at closer, though, the turret sides (excluding the spaced armour in the turret) are only 35 mm thick at most and can be penetrated by HESH or HE, so you can't rely on the armour as much as you could hope to compared to other tanks that fight at the OF-40's battle rating. The commander sight on the very top is also bigger than on the Leopard, allowing some light tanks to make an opportunistic HE shot.
 +
 
 +
In terms of the hull, the OF-40 has better protection when it comes to the upper frontal plate because it is angled harder than on German counterpart. It is 170 mm thick front-on for tall tanks and up to 250 mm for shorter ones, which may let it bounce a shot when driving at an angle. Other than that, its hull is very weak and cannot be completely relied on. Having only 16 shells will allow the tank to survive random APDS hits directly to the middle (although the chances are very slim regardless)
 +
 
 +
OF-40 overall survivability is average. In most cases, enemies will only manage to take out one or two crew members since the gunner and loader are quite spaced out between each other and pure kinetic shells can't hit both sides of the turret. The same cannot be said about the rest of the crew, as they are all sitting in a straight line - a single good hit can take OF-40 in RB, and make it practically useless for a while in AB.
 +
 
 +
The OF-40 can and will take a hit, but sometimes preventing that with smoke launchers is better. There are 4 smoke groups mounted on the turret sides, firing 2 grenades in front of it.
 +
 
 +
'''Armour type:'''
 +
 
 +
* Rolled homogeneous armour - Hull and turret
 +
* High hardness rolled armour - Turret
 +
* Rubber-fabric screens - Sideskirts
 +
 
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
 +
|-
 +
| Hull || 70 mm (68°) ''Upper Glacis'' <br> 50 mm (50°) ''Lower Glacis'' || 35 mm ''Top Crew Compartment'' <br> 25 mm ''Top Engine Compartment'' <br> 30 mm ''Bottom'' || 25 mm || 15 - 30 mm
 +
|-
 +
| Turret || 30 - 68 mm (various angles) ''Turret front''<br>30 mm (58°) + 45 mm (curved) ''Gun mantlet'' || Spaced: 30 mm + 80 mm air + 35 mm ''Forward''<br>Spaced: 12 mm + 120 mm + 35 mm ''Rearward'' || 30 mm || 20 - 40 mm
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
'''Notes:'''
 +
 
 +
* The turret sides use spaced armour, and are therefore stronger than they appear in the armour viewer.
 +
* Beneath the angled outer portion of the gun mantlet is a curved 45 mm plate, which is hard to see in the armour viewer.
 +
* There are 10 mm rubber-fabric screens protecting the upper suspension.
  
 
=== Mobility ===
 
=== Mobility ===
−
The OF-40 has great mobility, similar to the Leopard 1. It can handle off-road with an average speed of around 40 kph. On flat surfaces, the OF-40 will reach around 60-65 kph. It has great static mobility when spaded (not as great when stock.) It can keep up with the light tanks and be one of the first to the capture point if you try hard enough. {{tankMobility|abMinHp=1286|rbMinHp=734}}
+
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}
 +
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' -->
 +
 
 +
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,286|rbMinHp=734}}
 +
 
 +
The OF-40 has great mobility, similar to the Leopard 1. It can handle off-road with an average speed of around 40 km/h. On flat surfaces, the OF-40 will reach around 60-65 km/h. It has great static mobility when spaded (not as great when stock). It can keep up with the light tanks and be one of the first to the capture point if driver tries hard enough.
 +
 
 +
=== Modifications and economy ===
 +
{{Specs-Economy}}
  
 
== Armaments ==
 
== Armaments ==
 +
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
 
=== Main armament ===
 
=== Main armament ===
 +
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}
 
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' -->
 
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' -->
 
{{main|OTO Melara 105/52 (105 mm)}}
 
{{main|OTO Melara 105/52 (105 mm)}}
 +
The OF-40 features the 105 mm OTO Melara 105/52 gun, like the other OF-40s and the B1 Centauro. It is a potent main gun capable of displaying an excellent performance at its BR. The turret is not turning extremely fast, but at an acceptable, average rate.
 +
 +
The tank has early access to the laser rangefinder, getting into long range engagements turns to be extremely easy with almost pinpoint accuracy at virtually any range.
  
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
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|-
 
|-
 
! ''Arcade''
 
! ''Arcade''
−
| rowspan="2" | 61 || rowspan="2" | -9°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 19.0 || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | 8.7 || rowspan="2" | _._ || rowspan="2" | _._ || rowspan="2" | _._
+
| rowspan="2" | 61 || rowspan="2" | -9°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 19.0 || 26.4 || 32.0 || 35.4 || 37.6 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
 
|-
 
|-
 
! ''Realistic''
 
! ''Realistic''
−
| 11.9 || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
+
| 11.9 || 14.0 || 17.0 || 18.8 || 20.0
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
  
 
==== Ammunition ====
 
==== Ammunition ====
−
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
+
{{:OTO Melara 105/52 (105 mm)/Ammunition|M392A2, M393A2, M456, M416}}
−
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
+
 
−
|-
+
For the main ammunition, the gun is capable of firing the M456 HEATFS ammunition. Sometimes, the use of M392A2 is preferred for the higher muzzle velocity, ability to fire through bushes and specifically kinetic damage type, despite seemingly reduced penetration number. Both projectiles are more than capable of engaging targets at far range using the potent zoom in main sights.
−
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
 
−
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead
 
−
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
 
−
|-
 
−
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
 
−
|-
 
−
| M392A2 || APDS || 303 || 302 || 296 || 277 || 257 || 252
 
−
|-
 
−
| M393A2 || HESH || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127
 
−
|-
 
−
| M456 || HEATFS || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400
 
−
|-
 
−
|}
 
−
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
 
−
! colspan="11" | Shell details
 
−
|-
 
−
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
 
−
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead
 
−
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)
 
−
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)
 
−
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)
 
−
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)
 
−
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)
 
−
! rowspan="2" | Normalisation at 30°<br>from horizontal
 
−
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
 
−
|-
 
−
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
 
−
|-
 
−
| M392A2 || APDS || 1,478 || 4.0 || N/A || N/A || N/A || +1.5° || 75° || 78° || 80°
 
−
|-
 
−
| M393A2 || HESH || 732 || 14.85 || 0.4 || 0.1 || 4,306 || +0.0° || 73° || 77° || 80°
 
−
|-
 
−
| M456 || HEATFS || 1,173 || 10.5 || N/A || 0.1 || 1,271 || +0.0° || 65° || 72° || 77°
 
−
|-
 
−
|}
 
  
−
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
+
As a backup, tank has M393A2 HESH shell and M416 smoke. HESH is generally used to remove annoying light tanks, but can also be used to overpressure camping snipers that do not let the tank to even get out of cover, particularly over long range. This works, because laser rangefinder provides flawless aiming prediction even through commander sights. If enemy tank is hiding too well, but will undoubtedly push out the moment the tank leaves cover, a smoke shell can be fired to blind it for 25 seconds.
−
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
 
−
|-
 
−
! Ammunition
 
−
! Velocity<br>(m/s)
 
−
! Projectile<br>mass (kg)
 
−
! Screen<br>radius (m)
 
−
! Screen deploy<br>time (s)
 
−
! Screen hold<br>time (s)
 
−
! Explosive mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)
 
−
|-
 
−
| M416 || 730 || 11.4 || 20 || 5 || 25 || 50
 
−
|-
 
−
|}
 
  
 
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
 
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
−
<!-- [[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]] -->
+
<gallery mode="packed" widths="300" heights="300">
 +
File:Ammoracks OF-40 Mk.2a (1).jpg|Ammoracks 1-9
 +
File:Ammoracks OF-40 Mk.2a (2).png|Ammoracks 10-12
 +
</gallery>
 +
<!-- '''Last updated:''' -->
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
 
|-
 
|-
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! 5th<br>rack empty
 
! 5th<br>rack empty
 
! 6th<br>rack empty
 
! 6th<br>rack empty
 +
! 7th<br>rack empty
 +
! 8th<br>rack empty
 +
! 9th<br>rack empty
 +
! 10th<br>rack empty
 +
! 11th<br>rack empty
 +
! 12th<br>rack empty
 
! Visual<br>discrepancy
 
! Visual<br>discrepancy
 
|-
 
|-
−
| '''61''' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __
+
| '''61''' || 55&nbsp;''(+6)'' || 54&nbsp;''(+7)'' || 47&nbsp;''(+14)'' || 46&nbsp;''(+15)'' || 39&nbsp;''(+22)'' || 38&nbsp;''(+23)'' || 31&nbsp;''(+30)'' || 30&nbsp;''(+31)'' || 23&nbsp;''(+38)'' || 20&nbsp;''(+41)'' || 16&nbsp;''(+45)'' || 1&nbsp;''(+60)''||No
−
|-
 
−
|}
 
−
 
 
−
==== [[Optics]] ====
 
−
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
 
−
! colspan="3" | {{PAGENAME}} Optics
 
−
|-
 
−
!
 
−
! Default magnification
 
−
! Maximum magnification
 
−
|-
 
−
! Main Gun optics
 
−
| X8.0 || X16.1
 
−
|-
 
−
! Comparable optics
 
−
| colspan="2" | ___
 
−
|-
 
 
|}
 
|}
  
 
=== Machine guns ===
 
=== Machine guns ===
 +
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
 +
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}
 
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' -->
 
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' -->
 
{{main|FN MAG 60-40 (7.62 mm)}}
 
{{main|FN MAG 60-40 (7.62 mm)}}
−
 
+
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
−
<!-- The OF-40 is equipped with two 7.62 mm FN MAG 60-40 machine guns. They are slow compared to American and German machine guns, often being only useful for clearing shrubs or eliminating crews from open vehicles, its speed makes it very difficult to use as anti-aircraft. --> <!-- Is this referring to traverse speed? Rate of fire and muzzle velocity seem pretty similar -->
 
−
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
! colspan="5" | [[FN MAG 60-40 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm FN MAG 60-40]]
 
! colspan="5" | [[FN MAG 60-40 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm FN MAG 60-40]]
 
|-
 
|-
−
! Mount
+
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
−
! Capacity<br>(Belt capacity)
 
−
! Rate of fire<br>(shots/minute)
 
−
! Vertical<br>guidance
 
−
! Horizontal<br>guidance
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Coaxial || 4,000 (200) || 600 || N/A || N/A
 
| Coaxial || 4,000 (200) || 600 || N/A || N/A
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Commander's cupola || 1,500 (200) || 600 || -8°/+20° || ±120°
+
| Pintle || 1,600 (200) || 600 || -8°/+20° || ±120°
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
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== Usage in battles ==
 
== Usage in battles ==
 
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' -->
 
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' -->
−
Even though it is a medium tank, its armour is very similar to the [[Leopard 1]]. The mantlet can bounce or soak some APDS/APFSDS shells but it will usually end up damaging the cannon breech and knocking out 1 or 2 crew members
+
The OF-40 cannot withstand a frontal encounter most of the time with most opponents due to the lack of a reliable armour, making the tank an easy prey for almost anyone on the battlefield when attacked directly. However, the tank comes with a great mobility, able to reach 65 km/h in RB (72 in AB), making it the ideal tank to shoot at the enemy and rapidly retreat to change position.
  
−
The OF-40 is an overall great tank that can fulfill most tasks on the battlefield. However, the OF-40 has access to something very powerful: a laser rangefinder, which is unheard of at its battle rating of 7.7. With this, you can range out tanks at very far ranges with ease in less than a second. Measurements given will be way more accurate than the estimate the gunner will give without a rangefinder. This makes the OF-40 a great sniper and it exceeds in this field. Using the mobility, the OF-40 can get to the key positions and sniper spots at a good pace. In the right spot, the OF-40 can apply lots of pressure to the enemy team from a considerable range.
+
The optics are far better than anything encountered at the battle rating, and where they aren't enough, the laser rangefinder comes into play. In a sniping role, the gun is capable of punching through most of enemy tanks, but caution is a must when uptiered: tanks like the T-62M-1 cannot be damaged in the turret even with HEATFS rounds. When sniping, pushing out only the turret and only its left part is preferrable, as to avoid taking fatal damage.
  
−
=== Modules ===
+
The tank is not very suitable for hectic combat, since it does not have a stabilizer and thus, has reduced chances of landing the first shot, or often knocking out the gunner, disabling the engine, the gun, or just setting the tank on fire instead of doing fatal damage. The best thing to do, in these cases, is to avoid the center of the map (or your pushing lane), flanking the enemy to hit them from the side and staying hidden from sight so that enemies don't focus their firepower on the OF-40. In Arcade mode, OF-40 can quickly sweep the streets in cities, as people may have difficulties with tracking it down, as opposed to hills, but accidentally getting into enemy face can end very badly.
−
{| class="wikitable"
 
−
! Tier
 
−
! colspan="2" | Mobility
 
−
! Protection
 
−
! colspan="3" | Firepower
 
−
|-
 
−
| I
 
−
| Tracks
 
−
|
 
−
| Parts
 
−
| Horizontal Drive
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
| II
 
−
| Suspension
 
−
| Brake System
 
−
| FPE
 
−
| Adjustment of Fire
 
−
| M393A2
 
−
| NVD
 
−
|-
 
−
| III
 
−
| Filters
 
−
|
 
−
| Crew Replenishment
 
−
| Elevation Mechanism
 
−
| M416
 
−
| Smoke grenade
 
−
|-
 
−
| IV
 
−
| Transmission
 
−
| Engine
 
−
|
 
−
| Artillery Support
 
−
| M456
 
−
| Laser rangefinder
 
−
|-
 
−
|}
 
  
 
=== Pros and cons ===
 
=== Pros and cons ===
Line 198: Line 153:
 
* Good main gun handling
 
* Good main gun handling
 
* Has a laser rangefinder, making sniping much easier
 
* Has a laser rangefinder, making sniping much easier
−
* Spaced armour in the turret allows taking some autocannon hits, the mantlet are immune to HESH, and some AP shots bounce if the turret is angled
+
* Spaced armour in the turret allows to ignore SPAA to a certain angle, the gun mantlet is immune to HESH, and some AP shots bounce if the turret is angled
 +
* No turret ammo rack
 
* Quick and agile tank when upgraded
 
* Quick and agile tank when upgraded
−
* HEAT shells combined with the laser rangefinder almost guarantees that you will cause damage
 
  
 
'''Cons:'''
 
'''Cons:'''
  
−
* No stabilizer
+
* No stabiliser
−
* Non-ideal stock grind with only APDS to start off with
+
* Boxy shape makes both the turret and hull easy to hit, APHE shells can easily knock out 3 to 4 crew members
−
* Turret, while more armoured than its German cousin Leopard 1, is quite boxy and can be spotted easily if peeking over a ridge line or hilltop
+
* Much like all tanks sharing the same design, has extremely thin side armour. Makes it vulnerable to any autocannon, even SPAA with stock belts
−
* Only 19+1 rounds in its ready racks, any more ammo is stored next to the driver in the lightly armoured hull and can be easily set off by a penetrating hit
+
* Carrying more than 20 rounds puts ammo into the hull ammo rack, lowering survivability
−
* Slightly below average turret traverse without aced crew
 
  
 
== History ==
 
== History ==
−
The OF-40 was produced in Italy primarily for export to other countries. The only country that took an interest in these tanks was the United Arab Emirates. They purchased many of these tanks.
+
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' -->
 +
After the end of WW2, the Italian industry completely stopped development and production of domestically designed tanks. During the Cold War, the Italian industry would produce armoured fighting vehicles for its own needs, however most of these vehicles were foreign designs built under license.
 +
 
 +
In the late 1970s, Oto Melara and Fiat began developing the first Italian post-WW2 tank, under a join private venture. As Oto Melara was already mass-producing the German Leopard 1 MBT under license for the Italian Army, its engineers possessed sufficient experience and know-how in order to develop their own tank.
 +
 
 +
The resulting vehicle, designated OF-40, turned out to be, somewhat unsurprisingly, very similar in design to the German Leopard 1 already in service with the Italian Army. Nonetheless, the OF-40 became the first domestically developed and produced Italian tank after WW2.
 +
 
 +
Despite the many similarities however, the Italian military proved reluctant in ordering the OF-40 for mass production. As a result of being unable to find a domestic operator, Oto Melara turned to the export market and soon found a willing buyer - the United Arab Emirates.
 +
 
 +
Shortly after, the OF-40 was upgraded to the Mk.2 version which, among other things, improved the vehicle's optics and rangefinder, added a two-plane stabilization system for the main gun, and an improved fire control system, allowing the vehicle to fire improved ammunition.
 +
 
 +
The OF-40 was only built in limited numbers and for a limited time, with the UAE being the only operator world-wide. The UAE still uses the OF-40 today, although in different roles, with proposals being made to convert the vehicle into a heavy IFV.
 +
 
 +
''- From [[wt:en/news/5938-development-of-40-mk-2a-made-in-italy-en|Devblog]]''
  
 
== Media ==
 
== Media ==
−
[[File:Shot 2020.08.01 02.24.36.jpg|thumb|The OF-40 in the jungle.]]
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File:OF-40 in Jungle.jpg|<small>The OF-40 in the jungle</small>
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== See also ==
 
== See also ==
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* ''topic on the official game forum;''
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* ''other literature.''
 
* ''other literature.''
  
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{{TankManufacturer OTO Melara}}
 
{{Italy medium tanks}}
 
{{Italy medium tanks}}

Latest revision as of 19:44, 19 February 2024

Introducing Wiki 3.0
This page is about the Italian medium tank OF-40. For other versions, see OF-40 (Family).
OF-40
it_of_40_mk_1.png
GarageImage OF-40.jpg
ArtImage OF-40.png
OF-40
Italy flag.png Italy
V Rank
Battle rating:
AB RB SB
8.0 8.0 8.0
Class:
Research:135 000 Specs-Card-Exp.png
Purchase:380 000 Specs-Card-Lion.png

Description

Many consider the OF-40 to be Italy's first attempt at making a main battle tank post-WW2. The OF-40 was made after experience gained from the OTO Melara Leone project, it being a modified Leopard I.

Introduced in Update 1.85 "Supersonic", the playstyle of the OF-40 is very similar to that of the Leopard 1 series of vehicles found in the German tech tree. The OF-40 does have slightly better turret armour, but the weakspots the Leopard 1 has pretty much are the exact same on the OF-40. Mobility-wise, the tank does not disappoint, the armament is also quite potent. The OF-40 is armed with a 105 mm cannon, although it is unstabilized which can be an issue when firing on the move, so it's best to fire whilst stationary. The vehicle also has access to a laser rangefinder, but it does not get access to thermals. Overall, this tank can be quite effective when a player can work around its weaknesses and make the most of its strengths.

General info

Survivability and armour

Smoke grenades
Creation of a smoke screen in front of the vehicle
Armourfront / side / back
Hull70 / 35 / 25
Turret68 / 47 / 30
Crew4 people
Visibility86 %

The OF-40's armour isn't great, but it certainly is way better than the Leopard 1's.

Due to a better ammo rack placement and higher turret sturdyness overall, OF-40 can sometimes survive extremely lethal encounters, like this rocket tank. Don't push your luck though!

On the bright side, the OF-40's turret has very weird angles, so it can bounce or even block some incoming shots from there. Frontally, turret is practically invulnerable to autocannon fire aside from the neck and unlucky ricochets into the hull roof. There are no stupid mandatory ammo racks next to the loader's face, so commander can tank practically anything with the left turret cheek while only risking the loader (which may be already dead anyway). The gun mask can also block HESH reliably if the tank pushes fast enough.

When looked at closer, though, the turret sides (excluding the spaced armour in the turret) are only 35 mm thick at most and can be penetrated by HESH or HE, so you can't rely on the armour as much as you could hope to compared to other tanks that fight at the OF-40's battle rating. The commander sight on the very top is also bigger than on the Leopard, allowing some light tanks to make an opportunistic HE shot.

In terms of the hull, the OF-40 has better protection when it comes to the upper frontal plate because it is angled harder than on German counterpart. It is 170 mm thick front-on for tall tanks and up to 250 mm for shorter ones, which may let it bounce a shot when driving at an angle. Other than that, its hull is very weak and cannot be completely relied on. Having only 16 shells will allow the tank to survive random APDS hits directly to the middle (although the chances are very slim regardless)

OF-40 overall survivability is average. In most cases, enemies will only manage to take out one or two crew members since the gunner and loader are quite spaced out between each other and pure kinetic shells can't hit both sides of the turret. The same cannot be said about the rest of the crew, as they are all sitting in a straight line - a single good hit can take OF-40 in RB, and make it practically useless for a while in AB.

The OF-40 can and will take a hit, but sometimes preventing that with smoke launchers is better. There are 4 smoke groups mounted on the turret sides, firing 2 grenades in front of it.

Armour type:

  • Rolled homogeneous armour - Hull and turret
  • High hardness rolled armour - Turret
  • Rubber-fabric screens - Sideskirts
Armour Front (Slope angle) Sides Rear Roof
Hull 70 mm (68°) Upper Glacis
50 mm (50°) Lower Glacis 		35 mm Top Crew Compartment
25 mm Top Engine Compartment
30 mm Bottom 		25 mm 15 - 30 mm
Turret 30 - 68 mm (various angles) Turret front
30 mm (58°) + 45 mm (curved) Gun mantlet 		Spaced: 30 mm + 80 mm air + 35 mm Forward
Spaced: 12 mm + 120 mm + 35 mm Rearward 		30 mm 20 - 40 mm

Notes:

  • The turret sides use spaced armour, and are therefore stronger than they appear in the armour viewer.
  • Beneath the angled outer portion of the gun mantlet is a curved 45 mm plate, which is hard to see in the armour viewer.
  • There are 10 mm rubber-fabric screens protecting the upper suspension.

Mobility

Speedforward / back
AB73 / 28 km/h
RB and SB66 / 26 km/h
Number of gears8 forward
4 back
Weight43.0 t
Engine power
AB1 584 hp
RB and SB830 hp
Power-to-weight ratio
AB36.8 hp/t
RB and SB19.3 hp/t
Game Mode Max Speed (km/h) Weight (tons) Engine power (horsepower) Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
Forward Reverse Stock Upgraded Stock Upgraded
Arcade 73 28 43 1,286 1,584 29.91 36.84
Realistic 66 26 734 830 17.07 19.3

The OF-40 has great mobility, similar to the Leopard 1. It can handle off-road with an average speed of around 40 km/h. On flat surfaces, the OF-40 will reach around 60-65 km/h. It has great static mobility when spaded (not as great when stock). It can keep up with the light tanks and be one of the first to the capture point if driver tries hard enough.

Modifications and economy

Repair costBasic → Reference
AB4 276 → 5 900 Sl icon.png
RB4 764 → 6 574 Sl icon.png
SB6 753 → 9 319 Sl icon.png
Total cost of modifications116 100 Rp icon.png
195 000 Sl icon.png
Talisman cost2 300 Ge icon.png
Crew training110 000 Sl icon.png
Experts380 000 Sl icon.png
Aces1 400 Ge icon.png
Research Aces830 000 Rp icon.png
Reward for battleAB / RB / SB
140 / 210 / 240 % Sl icon.png
208 / 208 / 208 % Rp icon.png
Modifications
Mobility Protection Firepower
Mods new tank traks.png
Tracks
Research:
8 100 Rp icon.png
Cost:
13 000 Sl icon.png
300 Ge icon.png
Mods new tank suspension.png
Suspension
Research:
5 400 Rp icon.png
Cost:
8 600 Sl icon.png
200 Ge icon.png
Mods new tank break.png
Brake System
Research:
5 400 Rp icon.png
Cost:
8 600 Sl icon.png
200 Ge icon.png
Mods new tank filter.png
Filters
Research:
6 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
9 600 Sl icon.png
230 Ge icon.png
Mods new tank transmission.png
Transmission
Research:
7 900 Rp icon.png
Cost:
13 000 Sl icon.png
300 Ge icon.png
Mods new tank engine.png
Engine
Research:
7 900 Rp icon.png
Cost:
13 000 Sl icon.png
300 Ge icon.png
Mods tank tool kit.png
Improved Parts
Research:
5 300 Rp icon.png
Cost:
13 000 Sl icon.png
300 Ge icon.png
Mods extinguisher.png
Improved FPE
Research:
3 500 Rp icon.png
Cost:
8 600 Sl icon.png
200 Ge icon.png
Mods tank reinforcement it.png
Crew Replenishment
Research:
6 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
9 600 Sl icon.png
230 Ge icon.png
Mods new tank horizontal aiming.png
Horizontal Drive
Research:
8 100 Rp icon.png
Cost:
13 000 Sl icon.png
300 Ge icon.png
Mods tank cannon.png
Adjustment of Fire
Research:
5 400 Rp icon.png
Cost:
8 600 Sl icon.png
200 Ge icon.png
Mods tank ammo.png
105mm_usa_HESH_ammo_pack
Research:
5 400 Rp icon.png
Cost:
8 600 Sl icon.png
200 Ge icon.png
Mods new tank vertical aiming.png
Elevation Mechanism
Research:
6 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
9 600 Sl icon.png
230 Ge icon.png
Mods tank ammo.png
105mm_us_M416_Smoke_ammo_pack
Research:
6 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
9 600 Sl icon.png
230 Ge icon.png
Mods smoke screen.png
Smoke grenade
Research:
6 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
9 600 Sl icon.png
230 Ge icon.png
Mods art support.png
Artillery Support
Research:
7 900 Rp icon.png
Cost:
13 000 Sl icon.png
300 Ge icon.png
Mods tank ammo.png
105mm_usa_HEAT_FS_ammo_pack
Research:
7 900 Rp icon.png
Cost:
13 000 Sl icon.png
300 Ge icon.png
Mods tank laser rangefinder.png
Laser rangefinder
Research:
7 900 Rp icon.png
Cost:
13 000 Sl icon.png
300 Ge icon.png

Armaments

Laser rangefinder
Reduces the error and increases the maximum measurable distance of the rangefinder

Main armament

105 mm OTO Melara 105/52 cannon
Ammunition61 rounds
First-order19 rounds
Reloadbasic crew → aces
8.7 → 6.7 s
Vertical guidance-9° / 20°
Main article: OTO Melara 105/52 (105 mm)

The OF-40 features the 105 mm OTO Melara 105/52 gun, like the other OF-40s and the B1 Centauro. It is a potent main gun capable of displaying an excellent performance at its BR. The turret is not turning extremely fast, but at an acceptable, average rate.

The tank has early access to the laser rangefinder, getting into long range engagements turns to be extremely easy with almost pinpoint accuracy at virtually any range.

105 mm OTO Melara 105/52 Turret rotation speed (°/s) Reloading rate (seconds)
Mode Capacity Vertical Horizontal Stabilizer Stock Upgraded Full Expert Aced Stock Full Expert Aced
Arcade 61 -9°/+20° ±180° N/A 19.0 26.4 32.0 35.4 37.6 8.71 7.70 7.10 6.70
Realistic 11.9 14.0 17.0 18.8 20.0

Ammunition

Penetration statistics
Ammunition Type of
warhead 		Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
10 m 100 m 500 m 1,000 m 1,500 m 2,000 m
M392A2 APDS 350 347 333 317 302 287
M393A2 HESH 127 127 127 127 127 127
M456 HEATFS 400 400 400 400 400 400
Shell details
Ammunition Type of
warhead 		Velocity
(m/s) 		Projectile
mass (kg) 		Fuse delay
(m) 		Fuse sensitivity
(mm) 		Explosive mass
(TNT equivalent) (kg) 		Ricochet
0% 50% 100%
M392A2 APDS 1,478 4 - - - 75° 78° 80°
M393A2 HESH 732 11.2 0.1 4 4.31 73° 77° 80°
M456 HEATFS 1,174 10.5 0.05 0.1 1.27 65° 72° 77°
Smoke shell characteristics
Ammunition Velocity
(m/s) 		Projectile
mass (kg) 		Screen radius
(m) 		Screen deploy
time (s) 		Screen hold
time (s) 		Explosive mass
(TNT equivalent) (g)
M416 732 11.6 16 5 25 50

For the main ammunition, the gun is capable of firing the M456 HEATFS ammunition. Sometimes, the use of M392A2 is preferred for the higher muzzle velocity, ability to fire through bushes and specifically kinetic damage type, despite seemingly reduced penetration number. Both projectiles are more than capable of engaging targets at far range using the potent zoom in main sights.

As a backup, tank has M393A2 HESH shell and M416 smoke. HESH is generally used to remove annoying light tanks, but can also be used to overpressure camping snipers that do not let the tank to even get out of cover, particularly over long range. This works, because laser rangefinder provides flawless aiming prediction even through commander sights. If enemy tank is hiding too well, but will undoubtedly push out the moment the tank leaves cover, a smoke shell can be fired to blind it for 25 seconds.

Ammo racks

  • Ammoracks 1-9

  • Ammoracks 10-12

Full
ammo 		1st
rack empty 		2nd
rack empty 		3rd
rack empty 		4th
rack empty 		5th
rack empty 		6th
rack empty 		7th
rack empty 		8th
rack empty 		9th
rack empty 		10th
rack empty 		11th
rack empty 		12th
rack empty 		Visual
discrepancy
61 55 (+6) 54 (+7) 47 (+14) 46 (+15) 39 (+22) 38 (+23) 31 (+30) 30 (+31) 23 (+38) 20 (+41) 16 (+45) 1 (+60) No

Machine guns

7.62 mm FN MAG 60-40 machine gun (coaxial)
Ammunition4 000 rounds
Belt capacity200 rounds
Reloadbasic crew → aces
10.4 → 8.0 s
Fire rate1 001 shots/min
7.62 mm FN MAG 60-40 machine gun
Ammunition1 600 rounds
Belt capacity200 rounds
Reloadbasic crew → aces
10.4 → 8.0 s
Fire rate1 001 shots/min
Main article: FN MAG 60-40 (7.62 mm)
7.62 mm FN MAG 60-40
Mount Capacity (Belt) Fire rate Vertical Horizontal
Coaxial 4,000 (200) 600 N/A N/A
Pintle 1,600 (200) 600 -8°/+20° ±120°

Usage in battles

The OF-40 cannot withstand a frontal encounter most of the time with most opponents due to the lack of a reliable armour, making the tank an easy prey for almost anyone on the battlefield when attacked directly. However, the tank comes with a great mobility, able to reach 65 km/h in RB (72 in AB), making it the ideal tank to shoot at the enemy and rapidly retreat to change position.

The optics are far better than anything encountered at the battle rating, and where they aren't enough, the laser rangefinder comes into play. In a sniping role, the gun is capable of punching through most of enemy tanks, but caution is a must when uptiered: tanks like the T-62M-1 cannot be damaged in the turret even with HEATFS rounds. When sniping, pushing out only the turret and only its left part is preferrable, as to avoid taking fatal damage.

The tank is not very suitable for hectic combat, since it does not have a stabilizer and thus, has reduced chances of landing the first shot, or often knocking out the gunner, disabling the engine, the gun, or just setting the tank on fire instead of doing fatal damage. The best thing to do, in these cases, is to avoid the center of the map (or your pushing lane), flanking the enemy to hit them from the side and staying hidden from sight so that enemies don't focus their firepower on the OF-40. In Arcade mode, OF-40 can quickly sweep the streets in cities, as people may have difficulties with tracking it down, as opposed to hills, but accidentally getting into enemy face can end very badly.

Pros and cons

Pros:

  • Good main gun handling
  • Has a laser rangefinder, making sniping much easier
  • Spaced armour in the turret allows to ignore SPAA to a certain angle, the gun mantlet is immune to HESH, and some AP shots bounce if the turret is angled
  • No turret ammo rack
  • Quick and agile tank when upgraded

Cons:

  • No stabiliser
  • Boxy shape makes both the turret and hull easy to hit, APHE shells can easily knock out 3 to 4 crew members
  • Much like all tanks sharing the same design, has extremely thin side armour. Makes it vulnerable to any autocannon, even SPAA with stock belts
  • Carrying more than 20 rounds puts ammo into the hull ammo rack, lowering survivability

History

After the end of WW2, the Italian industry completely stopped development and production of domestically designed tanks. During the Cold War, the Italian industry would produce armoured fighting vehicles for its own needs, however most of these vehicles were foreign designs built under license.

In the late 1970s, Oto Melara and Fiat began developing the first Italian post-WW2 tank, under a join private venture. As Oto Melara was already mass-producing the German Leopard 1 MBT under license for the Italian Army, its engineers possessed sufficient experience and know-how in order to develop their own tank.

The resulting vehicle, designated OF-40, turned out to be, somewhat unsurprisingly, very similar in design to the German Leopard 1 already in service with the Italian Army. Nonetheless, the OF-40 became the first domestically developed and produced Italian tank after WW2.

Despite the many similarities however, the Italian military proved reluctant in ordering the OF-40 for mass production. As a result of being unable to find a domestic operator, Oto Melara turned to the export market and soon found a willing buyer - the United Arab Emirates.

Shortly after, the OF-40 was upgraded to the Mk.2 version which, among other things, improved the vehicle's optics and rangefinder, added a two-plane stabilization system for the main gun, and an improved fire control system, allowing the vehicle to fire improved ammunition.

The OF-40 was only built in limited numbers and for a limited time, with the UAE being the only operator world-wide. The UAE still uses the OF-40 today, although in different roles, with proposals being made to convert the vehicle into a heavy IFV.

- From Devblog

Media

Skins
Images

  • The OF-40 in the jungle

See also

Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:

  • reference to the series of the vehicles;
  • links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.

External links

Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:

  • topic on the official game forum;
  • other literature.


OTO Melara
Light Tanks/IFVs 
Centauro  Centauro I 105 · Centauro I 105 R · Centauro I 120 · VRCC
Dardo  Dardo · VCC-80/30 · VCC-80/60
Other  C13 T90 · R3 T106 FA
MBTs 
OF-40  OF-40 · OF-40 Mk.2A · OF-40 (MTCA)
Ariete  Ariete (P) · Ariete · Ariete PSO · Ariete AMV
Other  M47 (105/55)
Tank Destroyers  M113A1 (TOW)
SPAA  R3 T20 FA-HS · SIDAM 25 · SIDAM 25 (Mistral) · OTOMATIC
Patrol Boats 
Sparviero-class  Sparviero*
See Also  OTO
  *Built by OTO Melara in La Spezia under the Alinavi S.p.A. consortium

Italy medium tanks
  Italy
M13/40  M13/40 (I) · M13/40 (II) · M13/40 (III)
M14/41  M14/41 · M14/41 (47/40)
M15/42  M15/42
M16/43  Celere Sahariano
P26/40  P40 · P40 "G.C. Leoncello"
OF-40  OF-40 · OF-40 Mk.2A · OF-40 (MTCA)
Ariete  Ariete (P) · Ariete · Ariete PSO · Ariete AMV
Germany  ▄Pz.III N · ▄Pz.IV G · ▄Leopard 1A5
Allied powers  ▄Sherman I Composito · Sherman Ic · ▄Sherman Vc · ▄Sherman V · M26 "D.C.Ariete" · M26A1 · M47 (105/55) · M60A1 "D.C.Ariete"
  Hungary
Turán  Turan I · Turan II · Turan III
Germany  ◔Leopard 2A4 · Leopard 2A7HU
USSR  ◔T-72M1

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