Difference between revisions of "M36 (90 mm)"

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{{About
 
{{About
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|about = tank armament '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
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|about = tank cannon '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
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|and
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|usage = other uses
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|usage = the tank destroyers
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|link = M36 Jackson (Family)
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|link-1 = M36 GMC
 
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|link-2 = M36B1
 
 
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[[File:Weapon M36 (90 mm).png|thumb|right|x250px|The 90 mm M36 on the M47 gun mantlet.]]
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== Description ==
 
== Description ==
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''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Make an air or ground vehicles list on which this weapon is installed in our game.''
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<!--''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''-->
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The '''90 mm M36''' is an American tank cannon used in the M47 Patton II series of tanks. The 90 mm M36 is based on the T119E1 gun, which fired both standard and higher-pressure 90 mm ammunition for better ballistic performance.
  
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
 
<!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' -->
 
<!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' -->
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* {{Specs-Link|us_m47_patton_II|short}}
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* {{Specs-Link|germ_mkpz_m47|short}}
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* {{Specs-Link|us_m47_patton_II}}
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* {{Specs-Link|jp_m47_patton_II}}
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* {{Specs-Link|germ_mkpz_m47}}
  
 
== General info ==
 
== General info ==
 
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''
 
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''
  
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=== Available shells ===
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=== Available ammunition ===
−
''Describe the shells that are available for the cannon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).''
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<!-- ''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).'' -->
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{{:{{PAGENAME}}/Ammunition|M318A1 shot, M82 shot, M304 shot, M332 shot, M431 shell, M71A1 shell, M313}}
  
 
=== Comparison with analogues ===
 
=== Comparison with analogues ===
−
''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns, that have firepower equal to these type of weapons.''
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''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.''
  
 
== Usage in battles ==
 
== Usage in battles ==
−
''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against the main opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''
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''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''
  
 
=== Pros and cons ===
 
=== Pros and cons ===
−
''Summarize and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''
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''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''
  
 
'''Pros:'''
 
'''Pros:'''
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== History ==
 
== History ==
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''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of this weapon. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to an article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article.''
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<!--''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''-->
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During the development of the ''T42'' medium tank prototype (which would later become the [[M47]]), the initial armament requirement of the tank was to have an equivalent firepower to the [[M46]] tank. However, a British liaison officer objected to this specification saying it is no longer adequate, using the British [[20pdr_OQF_Mk.I_(84_mm)|20-pdr cannon]] as an example of a more powerful tank armament in service.<ref name="Hunnicutt_1984(33-34)">Hunnicutt 1984, 33-34</ref>
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In response, the requirements was revised that upon the T42's approval for production, the specification called for the ''90 mm gun T119'' to be used, which could use {{Annotation|APDS|Armour-Piercing Discarding-Sabot}} rounds in the armour-piercing shell. However, the gun maintains the same chamber volume as the previous [[M3 (90 mm)|90 mm M3 gun]], but rated for a much higher maximum pressure. This means that the T119 was able to fire older rounds for the 90 mm M3, but also newer, higher-pressure rounds for more ballistic performance. To prevent mix-ups of the T119's higher-pressure rounds being loaded into the 90 mm M3 gun, the casing was modified that would prevent loading into the older gun.<ref name="Hunnicutt_1984(33-34)"/> The gun was mounted in the T42 tank in the Mount T139.<ref name="Hunnicutt_1984(451)">Hunnicutt 1984, 451</ref>
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After the T42's adoption for production as the M47 in 01 November 1950, the Army Field Forces continued to evaluate the tank prior to its standardization. As such, the T119 was still in its prototype designation (later redesignated to T119E1 for unspecified reasons). One change in the T119 design was the replacement of the single baffle muzzle brake with a cylindrical blast deflector. However, after the M47's standardization in 08 April 1952, the 90 mm gun T119E1 was standardized as the '''90 mm gun M36''', with Mount M78. Another change to the muzzle brake after its standardization was the replacement of the cylindrical blast deflector with a T-shaped deflector.<ref name="Hunnicutt_1984(52-59)">Hunnicutt 1984, 52-59</ref>
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A lightweight 90 mm gun design would later be developed for the [[M48A1|90 mm Gun Tank T48]] tank prototype, based off the ballistics of the 90 mm gun M36. This would eventually be designated the [[M41 (90 mm)|90 mm gun M41]].<ref name="Hunnicutt_1984(85)">Hunnicutt 1984, 85</ref>
  
 
== Media ==
 
== Media ==
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''An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''
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''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''
  
 
== See also ==
 
== See also ==
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== External links ==
 
== External links ==
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* ''topic on the official game forum;''
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
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* ''other literature.''-->
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* ''other literature.''
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===References===
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;Citations:
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<references />
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;Bibliography:
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* Hunnicutt, Richard P. 1984. ''Patton: A History of the American Main Battle Tank: Volume I''. Novato, CA: Presidio Press.
  
 
{{USA tank cannons}}
 
{{USA tank cannons}}
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{{Germany tank cannons}}
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{{Japan tank cannons}}
  
 
[[Category:Tank cannons]]
 
[[Category:Tank cannons]]

Latest revision as of 07:48, 16 April 2023

Introducing Wiki 3.0
This page is about the tank cannon M36 (90 mm). For other uses, see M36 Jackson (Family).
The 90 mm M36 on the M47 gun mantlet.

Description

The 90 mm M36 is an American tank cannon used in the M47 Patton II series of tanks. The 90 mm M36 is based on the T119E1 gun, which fired both standard and higher-pressure 90 mm ammunition for better ballistic performance.

Vehicles equipped with this weapon

General info

Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.

Available ammunition

Penetration statistics
Ammunition Type of
warhead 		Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
10 m 100 m 500 m 1,000 m 1,500 m 2,000 m
M318A1 shot APBC 193 190 177 162 148 136
M82 shot APCBC 185 182 169 155 142 130
M304 shot APCR 287 281 259 234 211 191
M332 shot APCR 321 316 292 265 240 218
M431 shell HEATFS 320 320 320 320 320 320
M71A1 shell HE 17 17 16 16 16 16
Shell details
Ammunition Type of
warhead 		Velocity
(m/s) 		Projectile
mass (kg) 		Fuse delay
(m) 		Fuse sensitivity
(mm) 		Explosive mass
(TNT equivalent) (g) 		Ricochet
0% 50% 100%
M318A1 shot APBC 912 10.98 - - - 47° 60° 65°
M82 shot APCBC 853 10.91 1.2 14 137.2 48° 63° 71°
M304 shot APCR 1,021 7.62 - - - 66° 70° 72°
M332 shot APCR 1,249 5.7 - - - 66° 70° 72°
M431 shell HEATFS 1,216 5.8 0.05 0.1 712.64 65° 72° 77°
M71A1 shell HE 732 10.55 0.2 0.1 1,210 79° 80° 81°
Smoke shell characteristics
Ammunition Velocity
(m/s) 		Projectile
mass (kg) 		Screen radius
(m) 		Screen deploy
time (s) 		Screen hold
time (s) 		Explosive mass
(TNT equivalent) (g)
M313 821 10.7 9 5 20 50

Comparison with analogues

Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.

Usage in battles

Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.

Pros and cons

Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.

Pros:

Cons:

History

During the development of the T42 medium tank prototype (which would later become the M47), the initial armament requirement of the tank was to have an equivalent firepower to the M46 tank. However, a British liaison officer objected to this specification saying it is no longer adequate, using the British 20-pdr cannon as an example of a more powerful tank armament in service.[1]

In response, the requirements was revised that upon the T42's approval for production, the specification called for the 90 mm gun T119 to be used, which could use APDS rounds in the armour-piercing shell. However, the gun maintains the same chamber volume as the previous 90 mm M3 gun, but rated for a much higher maximum pressure. This means that the T119 was able to fire older rounds for the 90 mm M3, but also newer, higher-pressure rounds for more ballistic performance. To prevent mix-ups of the T119's higher-pressure rounds being loaded into the 90 mm M3 gun, the casing was modified that would prevent loading into the older gun.[1] The gun was mounted in the T42 tank in the Mount T139.[2]

After the T42's adoption for production as the M47 in 01 November 1950, the Army Field Forces continued to evaluate the tank prior to its standardization. As such, the T119 was still in its prototype designation (later redesignated to T119E1 for unspecified reasons). One change in the T119 design was the replacement of the single baffle muzzle brake with a cylindrical blast deflector. However, after the M47's standardization in 08 April 1952, the 90 mm gun T119E1 was standardized as the 90 mm gun M36, with Mount M78. Another change to the muzzle brake after its standardization was the replacement of the cylindrical blast deflector with a T-shaped deflector.[3]

A lightweight 90 mm gun design would later be developed for the 90 mm Gun Tank T48 tank prototype, based off the ballistics of the 90 mm gun M36. This would eventually be designated the 90 mm gun M41.[4]

Media

Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.

See also

Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:

  • reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;
  • references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.

External links

References

Citations
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Hunnicutt 1984, 33-34
  2. ↑ Hunnicutt 1984, 451
  3. ↑ Hunnicutt 1984, 52-59
  4. ↑ Hunnicutt 1984, 85
Bibliography
  • Hunnicutt, Richard P. 1984. Patton: A History of the American Main Battle Tank: Volume I. Novato, CA: Presidio Press.


USA tank cannons
20 mm  M139
25 mm  LW25 · M242
37 mm  M3 · M5 · M6
57 mm  M1
75 mm  M2 · M2 Howitzer · M3 · M6 · M1897A4 · XM274
76 mm  M1 · M7 · M32 · T185E1
90 mm  M3 · M3A1 · M36 · M41 · M54 · T15E1 · T15E2 · T54 · T208E9
105 mm  M4 · M68 · M68A1 · M68A1E8 · T5E1 · T5E2 · T140E2 · T140E3 · XM35
106 mm  M40A1C
120 mm  M58 · M256 · T53
152 mm  M81 · M162 · XM150E5
155 mm  M185 · T7
165 mm  M135
  Foreign:
20 mm  Rh202 (Germany)
57 mm  6pdr OQF Mk.III (Britain) · ZIS-2 (USSR)
105 mm  Sharir (Israel)
120 mm  IMI MG251 (Israel)

Germany tank cannons
20 mm  KwK30 · KwK38 · Rh202
28/20 mm  s.Pz.B.41
30 mm  MK 30-2/ABM
37 mm  KwK34(t) · KwK36 · KwK38(t) · PaK L/45
47 mm  Pak.(t)(Sf.)
50 mm  KwK39 · KwK L/42 · PaK38
57 mm  Bofors L/70 Mk.1
75 mm  K51 L/24 · KwK37 · KwK40 L43 · KwK40 L48 · KwK42 · KwK44 · KwK44 L/36.5 · PaK39 L48 · PaK40/3 L46 · PaK42 · StuK37 · StuK40 L43 · StuK40 L48
76 mm  PaK36 (r)
88 mm  Flak.37 · Flak 41 · KwK36 · KwK43 · PaK43
90 mm  BK90
105 mm  CN105-57 · Cockerill HP · FMK.4 Modelo 1L · K.18 · KwK L/68 · L7A3 · PzK M57 · StuH42
120 mm  Rh120 L/44 · Rh120 L/55 · Rh120 L/55 A1
128 mm  K.40 · KwK44 · PaK44
150 mm  s.I.G.33 · Stu.H 43 L/12
380 mm  RW61
  Foreign:
30 mm  Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 (USA) · HSS 831L (Britain)
57 mm  6pdr OQF Mk.V (Britain)
73 mm  2A28 (USSR)
75 mm  M3 (USA)
76 mm  F-32 (USSR) · F-34 (USSR) · M32 (USA)
90 mm  M36 (USA) · M41 (USA)
105 mm  GT-3 (South Africa)
125 mm  2A46 (USSR)
152 mm  M-10T (USSR) · XM150E5 (USA)
155 mm  M126 (USA)

Japan tank cannons
37 mm  Type 94 · Type 100 · Type 1
47 mm  Type 1
57 mm  Type 90 · Type 97
70 mm  Type 94
75 mm  Type 90 · Type 99 · Type 3 · Type 5 (Type I Model II · Type II Model I · Type II Model II)
90 mm  Type 61
105 mm  Type 5 (Experimental · Production) · JSW L/52
106 mm  Type 60 (B)
120 mm  Taishō Type 10 · Navy short gun · Type 90 L/44 · Type 10 L/44
150 mm  Type 38
155 mm  NSJ L/30 · JSW L/52
  Foreign:
25 mm  Oerlikon KBA B02 (Switzerland)
30 mm  Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 (USA)
35 mm  Oerlikon KDE (Switzerland)
75 mm  M6 (USA)
76 mm  M1 (USA) · M32 (USA)
88 mm  KwK36 (Germany)
90 mm  M3A1 (USA) · M36 (USA)
105 mm  L7A3 (Germany)
120 mm  Schneider-Canet 1898 (France)

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