Difference between revisions of "HMNZS Leander"

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{{Specs-Card|code=uk_cruiser_leander}}
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{{Specs-Card
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|code=uk_cruiser_leander
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|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
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}}
  
 
== Description ==
 
== Description ==
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''In the first part of the description, cover the history of the ship’s creation and military application. In the second part, tell the reader about using this ship in the game. Add a screenshot. If a beginner player has a hard time remembering vehicles by name, a picture will help them identify the ship in question.''
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<!-- ''In the first part of the description, cover the history of the ship's creation and military application. In the second part, tell the reader about using this ship in the game. Add a screenshot: if a beginner player has a hard time remembering vehicles by name, a picture will help them identify the ship in question.'' -->
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The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was the lead ship of the Leander-class light cruisers built for the Royal Navy in the early 1930s, mainly designed for commerce protection based on experience with the [[HMS York|York]]-class heavy cruisers. The HMNZS Leander was laid down on 8th September 1930, commissioned on 24th March 1933, and assigned to the New Zealand Division of the Royal Navy. In 1941, the New Zealand Division became the Royal New Zealand Navy and Leander's prefix changed from HMS to HMNZS. Leander initially served in the Pacific and Indian Oceans, where she sank Italian and Vichy France merchantmen. On 22nd April 1941, Leander took part in the search for German commerce raider Pinguin which was later sunk by HMS Cornwall. Between June and September 1941, Leander was transferred to the Mediterranean before returning to the Pacific. On 13th July 1943, Leander, together with US Navy Brooklyn-class light cruisers USS St. Louis, USS Wichita, and a group of ten destroyers, took part in the Battle of Kolombangara. At 01:00, radar contact was made with Japanese light cruiser Jintsuu and five destroyers. In the ensuing battle, Jintsuu was sunk and all three Allied cruisers were hit by Japanese Long Lance torpedoes. Leander was struck with a single torpedo in the boiler room, and the damage caused was so extensive that she spent the rest of the war being repaired. After repairs in Auckland, she went to Boston for a refit, and returned to the Royal Navy on 27th August 1945. Leander took part in the Corfu Channel Incident in 1946. She was decommissioned in February 1948 and sold for scrap in 1950.
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Introduced in [[Update 1.87 "Locked On"]], HMS Leander is armed with the same fast-firing 6-inch cannons as the preceding [[HMS Arethusa|Arethusa]], though with an extra main turret alongside significantly lighter anti-aircraft defences. Leander also features a thicker main armour belt around the machinery, 76 mm thick instead of the 57 mm on Arethusa. The elevators and turrets are both protected by all-around 25 mm thick armour, and the bridge features 12 mm anti-fragmentation armour, providing at least some degree of protection from HE shells. However, all the boiler rooms can be disabled with a single hit due to them not being separated. Magazines are quite deep under the waterline, making the ship quite protected from fatal explosion if hit. The Leander is also equipped with two quadruple torpedo launchers on each side of the hull, however while the torpedoes have a good speed of 74 km/h, they have only 4.57 km range, making their use very situational.
  
 
== General info ==
 
== General info ==
 
=== Survivability and armour ===
 
=== Survivability and armour ===
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''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armament separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips for preserving survivability in the "Use in battle" section.''
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{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}
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<!-- ''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.'' -->
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The HMNZS Leander has an all-around armour upgrade over [[HMS Arethusa]]. This includes thicker belt armour (now 3 in), thicker armour over the magazines (3.5 in), and added anti-fragmentation armour around the bridge area of the superstructure. This added armour increases the already decent survivability against both destroyers and now to some extent cruisers. Captains of the Leander should take advantage of this added armour while knowing that it still cannot take hits from heavy cruisers, doing so will result in the loss of the ship extremely quickly. The overall survivability is increased as the HMNZS Leader boasts a total of 767 crewmen which allows more hits to be taken without suffering a fatal amount of crew loss. When all the additional armour and crew is taken into account, it allows captains of this ship to act much more aggressively than with previous British cruisers.
 +
 
 +
=== Mobility ===
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{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
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<!-- ''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.'' -->
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The HMNZS Leander boasts increased mobility and manoeuvrability over previous British cruisers. Even stock, this ship handles much better than previous ships such as the [[HMS Enterprise]] or the HMS Arethusa due to its quick rudder shifting time and faster acceleration. Once spaded, this ship turns into a fast cruiser at a 60 km/h (32 knots) forward and 26 km/h (14 knots) in reverse. This added speed along with a quick rudder shifting time allows for increased tactical flexibility in regards to positioning and manoeuvring the ship.
  
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''If necessary, use a graphics template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''
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{{NavalMobility}}
  
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=== Mobility ===
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=== Modifications and economy ===
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''Write about the ship’s mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward speed and reverse speed.''
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{{Specs-Economy}}
  
 
== Armament ==
 
== Armament ==
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{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
 
=== Primary armament ===
 
=== Primary armament ===
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''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>.''
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{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}
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<!-- ''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.'' -->
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{{main|6 inch/50 BL Mark XXIII (152 mm)}}
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{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
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|-
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! colspan="5" | [[6 inch/50 BL Mark XXIII (152 mm)|152 mm 6 inch/50 Mark BL XXIII]] (x8)
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|-
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! colspan="5" | Turrets (Bow to stern)
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|-
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!  || Turret 1 (x2) || Turret 2 (x2) || Turret 3 (x2) || Turret 4 (x2)
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|-
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! scope="row" | Vertical guidance
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| colspan="5" | -5°/+60°
 +
|-
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! scope="row" | Horizontal guidance
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| colspan="5" | ±145°
 +
|-
 +
! scope="row" | Total ammo capacity
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| colspan="5" | 1,600
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|-
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|}
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 +
The cannons of the HMNZS Leader are the same as on the previous ship, except now with another twin turret for a total of 8 guns in 4 turrets. They keep the fast reload of 7.5 seconds (with ace crew) along with their accuracy.
  
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''Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''
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==== Ammunition ====
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{{:6 inch/50 BL Mark XXIII (152 mm)/Ammunition|6 inch HE, 6 inch CPBC, 6 inch HE-TF, 6 inch HE-VT}}
  
 
=== Secondary armament ===
 
=== Secondary armament ===
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''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. The definition of secondary armament is the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armament and advise about how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section.''
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{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
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<!-- ''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.'' -->
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{{main|4 inch/45 Mark XVI (102 mm)}}
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 +
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
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|-
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! colspan="5" | [[4 inch/45 Mark XVI (102 mm)|102 mm 4 inch/45 Mark XVI]] (x8)
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|-
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! colspan="5" | Turrets (Bow to stern)
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|-
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!  || Front port turret (x2) || Front starboard turret (x2) || Rear port turret (x2) || Rear starboard turret (x2)
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|-
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! scope="row" | Vertical guidance
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| -90°/+80° || -80°/+90° || colspan="2" | ±90°
 +
|-
 +
! scope="row" | Horizontal guidance
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| colspan="5" | -10°/+80°
 +
|-
 +
! scope="row" | Total ammo capacity
 +
| colspan="5" | 2,000
 +
|-
 +
|}
  
−
''If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''
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==== Ammunition ====
 +
{{:4 inch/45 Mark XVI (102 mm)/Ammunition|4 inch HE, 4 inch SAP, 4 inch HE-TF, 4 inch HE-VT}}
  
 
=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
 
=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
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''An important part of the ship’s armament responsible for air raid defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship’s anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets.''
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{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}
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<!-- ''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.'' -->
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{{main|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)|Vickers Mk.V (12.7 mm)}}
  
−
''If there is no anti-aircraft artillery, remove this section.''
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{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
 +
|-
 +
! colspan="6" | [[Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)|20 mm Oerlikon Mk.II]] (x5)
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|-
 +
! colspan="6" | Turrets (Bow to stern)
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|-
 +
!  || Front turret || Middle port turret || Middle starboard turret  || Rear port turret || Rear starboard turret
 +
|-
 +
! scope="row" | Vertical guidance
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| colspan="3" | -5°/+65° || colspan="2" | -0°/+65°
 +
|-
 +
! scope="row" | Horizontal guidance
 +
| ±180 || -60°/+90° || -90°/+60° || colspan="2" | ±180
 +
|-
 +
! scope="row" | Total ammo capacity
 +
| colspan="5" | 9,000
 +
|-
 +
|}
  
−
=== Torpedo armament ===
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{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
−
''Torpedoes launchers are standard equipment on many ships and boats. Torpedoes are a significant means of defeating an opponent. Evaluate the position of the torpedo launchers, discuss the ammunition available, firing specifics such as dead zones, features of the torpedoes themselves, etc.''
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|-
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! colspan="4" | [[Vickers Mk.V (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm Vickers Mk.V]] (x12)
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|-
 +
! colspan="4" | Turrets (Bow to stern)
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|-
 +
!  || Front port turret (x4) ||Front starboard turret (x4) || Rear turret (x4)
 +
|-
 +
! scope="row" | Vertical guidance
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| colspan="3" | +25°/+75°
 +
|-
 +
! scope="row" | Horizontal guidance
 +
| colspan="3" | ±90°
 +
|-
 +
! scope="row" | Total ammo capacity
 +
| colspan="3" | 24,000
 +
|-
 +
|}
  
−
''If there is no torpedo armament, remove this section.''
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=== Additional armament ===
 +
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}
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<!-- ''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.'' -->
 +
{{main|Mk.V (533 mm)}}
  
−
=== Special armament ===
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{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
−
''Depth charges, mines, rocket launchers and missiles are also effective in skilled hands and can take an off-guard opponent by surprise. Evaluate the ammunition of this type of armament and rate its performance in combat.''
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! colspan="9" | 533 mm steam turbined Mk.V torpedo
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|-
 +
! # on ship !! Mass (kg) !! Maximum speed <br> in water (km/h) !! Travel distance (km) !! Depth stroke (m) !! Arming<br>distance (m) !! Explosive type !! Explosive mass (kg)
 +
|-
 +
| 8 || 1,736 || 74 || 4.57 || 1.0 || 50 || TNT || 305
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|-
 +
|}
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 +
=== Scout plane ===
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{{Specs-Fleet-Plane}}
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 +
Located amidships is a catapult with one Osprey Mk IV scout plane which provides unique offensive and defensive abilities, expanding tactical options. Ship-launched scout planes fly just like regular tree units but lack munition choices and cockpit views. The Osprey may look familiar as it is a derivative of the [[Nimrod Mk II|Nimrod fighter]], but as a 2-seater equipped with a defensive machine gun along with the fixed machine gun and no bombs. It does have the scout plane ability to lay down smoke cover (up to 3 times). Captains will be wise to remember to utilise the aircraft and consider when best to use it, for example to cap a point early or late in the match, to create a smoke screen to stymie enemy bombardment and repair, to attack enemy units directly, or perhaps something completely new!
 +
 
 +
Note: the aircraft modelled on the ship is not the same as the aircraft that is flown when the scout plane ability is activated.
  
 
== Usage in battles ==
 
== Usage in battles ==
−
''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don’t try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''
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<!-- ''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).'' -->
 +
 
 +
The Leander is very similar to the Arethusa, its predecessor, but has some upgrades over the former. It carries an extra gun turret, giving it an 8-shell broadside which, combined with the 7.5 secs reload, can give the Leander some dangerous firepower with good accuracy. The good turret traverse and SAP shells make this ship dangerous at close quarters, where it can deal good damage and good penetration to enemy cruisers. It carries the same secondary armament of eight 4-inch guns with four on each broadside, making it a menace for destroyers and larger aircraft. It's also faster than the Arethusa and boasts a larger crew. While the armour is still weak for a cruiser, it's stronger than the Arethusa, with much better protection for the ammo stowage and the gun turrets, as well as some armour for the rudder, which is rare for a light cruiser.
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 +
One drawback for the Leander is its weakened AA armament. While it isn't terrible, it's a far cry from the powerful AA screen of the Arethusa, and can leave it vulnerable if it has no friendly ships to offer additional AA fire. The Leander's guns also start to lack at 5.3. Lacking the AP shells of other nations, heavy cruisers can be a real challenge for the Leander, and it struggles to deal good damage at long range as a result.
  
 
=== Pros and cons ===
 
=== Pros and cons ===
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''Summarize and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using certain definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - they have a substitution in the form of softer "inadequate", "effective".''
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<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' -->
  
 
'''Pros:'''
 
'''Pros:'''
−
*
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 +
* Powerful, fast-firing broadside, especially dangerous at close and medium ranges
 +
* Great secondary armament, eight 4-inch guns is dangerous for destroyers and torpedo boats
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* Good armour protection, especially around the ammo and guns
 +
* Great turret traverse on main turrets
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* Good top speed and manoeuvrability
 +
* One scout seaplane.
  
 
'''Cons:'''
 
'''Cons:'''
−
*
+
 
 +
* Average AA armament, weaker than the previous Arethusa
 +
* Armour still isn't enough to save it against heavy cruiser guns
 +
* While the crew is larger than previous cruisers, it's still pretty small
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* Big target compared to previous British ships
 +
* No APCBC shells for the 6-inch guns
  
 
== History ==
 
== History ==
−
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to an article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article.''
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<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' -->
 +
[[File:British light cruiser HMS Leander (75) underway at sea in 1945.jpg|thumb|450x450px|HMNZS Leander (75) underway at sea in 1945.]]
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HMNZS / HMS Leander was the lead ship of the eight-ship Leander class, built in the 1930s as a follow-up to the Emerald (E) class. Influenced by the design of the British County-class heavy cruisers, Leander carried a main armament of eight 6-inch guns in dual turrets. Commissioned in 1933, she served under the New Zealand division of the Royal Navy and was eventually given to the New Zealand Navy in 1941, renamed HMNZS Leander. She served in the Indian Ocean and Mediterranean sea during the early days of the Second World War, primarily as a convoy escort. She later served in the Solomon Islands campaign and was hit by a 610 mm torpedo that put her out of service until the end of the war. Following the cessation of hostilities, Leander was repatriated to the UK, and served with the Mediterranean fleet until she was retired in 1948 and scrapped by 1950.
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 +
=== Design and development ===
 +
The Leander-class cruisers originated as a successor to the British Emerald (or E) class, as the first class of light cruisers built by the United Kingdom since the end of the First World War. Influenced by the designs of the County and York classes of heavy cruisers, the Leander class had a similar hull design and gun arrangement. However, displacing 7270 tons standard, they were significantly lighter. Leander's powerful steam turbines allowed her to reach a top speed of almost 33 knots (61 km/h), but their large size meant that she had relatively low armour protection compared to her peers - up to 3 inches (76 mm) of armour at the magazines, and far less throughout the vessel.
 +
 
 +
Leander carried a main armament of eight 6-inch (152 mm) BL Mk 23 guns mounted in four twin turrets, similar to the layout of the County-class heavy cruisers. She also carried a secondary armament of four single 4-inch (102 mm) dual-purpose guns, though these were upgraded to dual turrets later in her career. Her initial anti-aircraft armament was also rather sparse, composed of just three quadruple Vickers machine guns (calibre 12.7 mm); this was also upgraded significantly in her later service. Leander, the first ship of her class, was laid down in February of 1930; following completion, she was commissioned in 1933.
 +
 
 +
=== Operational history ===
 +
Following her completion, the Leander served in the New Zealand division of the Royal Navy, along with her sister ship Achilles. Back then, the defence of New Zealand's naval territory was conducted by the Royal Navy, and as a result, the ships were operated by the Royal Navy until the formation of the New Zealand navy in 1941. She participated in the Coronation Review of 1937, and later conducted an aerial survey of the south Pacific ocean. During the time before the war, she toured ports in New Zealand, and also participated in exercises in Australian and British waters.
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 +
Following the outbreak of the Second World War, Leander travelled to the port of Alexandria, in the Mediterranean. She was intended to serve in the British mediterranean fleet, but these plans were changed when she was instead given to the British East Indies squadron. During this period, she escorted convoys in the Red sea area and sank several vessels, including an Italian submarine and merchant raider.
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 +
In early 1941, Leander was formally given to the New Zealand Navy, which had been formed as an independent naval force. She was then reassigned to the Mediterranean squadron to replace several cruisers that had been destroyed. During this time, she participated in the Syria-Lebanon campaign, fighting against the Vichy French naval forces stationed in that area. After this action, Leander departed as an escort for a convoy bound for Australia, arriving in September of 1941.
 +
 
 +
In early 1942, with the Japanese raid on Pearl harbour and subsequent declaration of war, Leander began serving in the Pacific theatre. She escorted convoys during the Solomons campaign but was dry docked for several months when a crack was found in her hull. She was returned to service in March of 1943, replacing the sunken cruiser Helena in the Solomon campaign. It was there in July of 1943 when, during a short engagement with Japanese naval forces, Helena was hit by a 610 mm "long lance" torpedo. The damage was extreme, yet she survived and limped to port for repairs. In fact, the damage was extensive enough that she was taken out of service for the rest of the war. By late 1944, Leander had been paid off from the New Zealand Navy, most of her crew members going to her sister ship HMNZS Achilles. Following the completion of repairs, she was repatriated to the UK in late 1945. She saw little service, and was used as a target ship in 1948 before being scrapped by 1950.
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 +
=== [[wt:en/news/6084-development-hmnzs-leander-the-legend-of-defiance-en|Devblog]] ===
 +
The Leander-class light cruisers were designed in the late 1920s under the influence of the York-class heavy cruisers. However, the Leander-class differed from previous light cruisers by placing a higher emphasis on seaworthiness and operating range, rather than on protection and firepower. This was done with the aim to make the Leander-class light cruisers more suitable for the commerce protection role.
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 +
Initially, five ships of the Leander-class were ordered in the early 1930s, with HMS Leader as the lead ship being laid down in September 1930. Leander was completed a year later and commissioned into service in March 1933. Initially, the warship served with the New Zealand Division of the Royal Navy, before being transferred to the Royal New Zealand Navy after its formation in 1941. From there onwards, the ship sailed under its new designation HMNZS Leander.
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 +
Leander primarily served in the Pacific theatre during WW2, taking part in several smaller operations during her early service life. Leander was also briefly stationed in the Mediterranean, supporting allied troops in actions against Vichy France during the Syria-Lebanon campaign. After that, Leander once again returned to the Pacific, where she was severely damaged after an engagement with a small Japanese task force in July 1943. The damage suffered from a torpedo hit was so severe that it rendered Leander inoperable for the remainder of the war, until she was repaired in August 1945.
 +
 
 +
HMNZS Leander only had a very short post-war service life. The warship was officially decommissioned in 1948 and sold for scrap in 1950.
  
 
== Media ==
 
== Media ==
−
''An excellent addition to the article will be video guides, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''
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<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' -->
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 +
;Skins
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* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_cruiser_leander Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]
  
 
== See also ==
 
== See also ==
−
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
+
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
 +
 
 
* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
 
* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
 
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''
 
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''
  
 
== External links ==
 
== External links ==
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''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
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<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
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* ''encyclopedia page on ship;''
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* ''other literature.'' -->
−
* ''other literature.''
+
 
 +
* [[wt:en/news/6084-development-hmnzs-leander-the-legend-of-defiance-en|[Devblog] HMNZS Leander - The Legend of Defiance]]
 +
 
 +
=== References: ===
 +
 
 +
* New Zealand History. (2020). HMNZS Leander. Retrieved January 04, 2021, from <nowiki>https://nzhistory.govt.nz/war/hmnzs-leander</nowiki>
 +
* National Museum of the New Zealand Navy. (2020, June 08). Leander. Retrieved January 07, 2021, from <nowiki>https://navymuseum.co.nz/explore/by-collections/ships/leander/</nowiki>
  
 +
{{ShipManufacturer Devonport}}
 
{{Britain light cruisers}}
 
{{Britain light cruisers}}

Latest revision as of 08:41, 7 July 2024

Introducing Wiki 3.0
HMNZS Leander
uk_cruiser_leander.png
GarageImage HMNZS Leander.jpg
HMNZS Leander
Britain flag.png Britain
IV Rank
Battle rating:
AB RB SB
5.3 5.3 5.3
Class:
Research:61 000 Specs-Card-Exp.png
Purchase:230 000 Specs-Card-Lion.png

Description

The Leander-class, HMNZS Leander (75), 1942 was the lead ship of the Leander-class light cruisers built for the Royal Navy in the early 1930s, mainly designed for commerce protection based on experience with the York-class heavy cruisers. The HMNZS Leander was laid down on 8th September 1930, commissioned on 24th March 1933, and assigned to the New Zealand Division of the Royal Navy. In 1941, the New Zealand Division became the Royal New Zealand Navy and Leander's prefix changed from HMS to HMNZS. Leander initially served in the Pacific and Indian Oceans, where she sank Italian and Vichy France merchantmen. On 22nd April 1941, Leander took part in the search for German commerce raider Pinguin which was later sunk by HMS Cornwall. Between June and September 1941, Leander was transferred to the Mediterranean before returning to the Pacific. On 13th July 1943, Leander, together with US Navy Brooklyn-class light cruisers USS St. Louis, USS Wichita, and a group of ten destroyers, took part in the Battle of Kolombangara. At 01:00, radar contact was made with Japanese light cruiser Jintsuu and five destroyers. In the ensuing battle, Jintsuu was sunk and all three Allied cruisers were hit by Japanese Long Lance torpedoes. Leander was struck with a single torpedo in the boiler room, and the damage caused was so extensive that she spent the rest of the war being repaired. After repairs in Auckland, she went to Boston for a refit, and returned to the Royal Navy on 27th August 1945. Leander took part in the Corfu Channel Incident in 1946. She was decommissioned in February 1948 and sold for scrap in 1950.

Introduced in Update 1.87 "Locked On", HMS Leander is armed with the same fast-firing 6-inch cannons as the preceding Arethusa, though with an extra main turret alongside significantly lighter anti-aircraft defences. Leander also features a thicker main armour belt around the machinery, 76 mm thick instead of the 57 mm on Arethusa. The elevators and turrets are both protected by all-around 25 mm thick armour, and the bridge features 12 mm anti-fragmentation armour, providing at least some degree of protection from HE shells. However, all the boiler rooms can be disabled with a single hit due to them not being separated. Magazines are quite deep under the waterline, making the ship quite protected from fatal explosion if hit. The Leander is also equipped with two quadruple torpedo launchers on each side of the hull, however while the torpedoes have a good speed of 74 km/h, they have only 4.57 km range, making their use very situational.

General info

Survivability and armour

Armourfront / side / back
Citadel25 / 76 / 32 mm
Main fire tower25 / 25 / 25 mm
Hull25 mm (steel)
Superstructure8 mm (steel)
Number of section8
Displacement9 189 t
Crew767 people

The HMNZS Leander has an all-around armour upgrade over HMS Arethusa. This includes thicker belt armour (now 3 in), thicker armour over the magazines (3.5 in), and added anti-fragmentation armour around the bridge area of the superstructure. This added armour increases the already decent survivability against both destroyers and now to some extent cruisers. Captains of the Leander should take advantage of this added armour while knowing that it still cannot take hits from heavy cruisers, doing so will result in the loss of the ship extremely quickly. The overall survivability is increased as the HMNZS Leader boasts a total of 767 crewmen which allows more hits to be taken without suffering a fatal amount of crew loss. When all the additional armour and crew is taken into account, it allows captains of this ship to act much more aggressively than with previous British cruisers.

Mobility

Speedforward / back
AB70 / 30 km/h
RB60 / 26 km/h

The HMNZS Leander boasts increased mobility and manoeuvrability over previous British cruisers. Even stock, this ship handles much better than previous ships such as the HMS Enterprise or the HMS Arethusa due to its quick rudder shifting time and faster acceleration. Once spaded, this ship turns into a fast cruiser at a 60 km/h (32 knots) forward and 26 km/h (14 knots) in reverse. This added speed along with a quick rudder shifting time allows for increased tactical flexibility in regards to positioning and manoeuvring the ship.

Mobility Characteristics
Game Mode Upgrade Status Maximum Speed (km/h) Turn Time (s) Turn Radius (m)
Forward Reverse
AB Stock ___ ___
Upgraded 70 30
RB/SB Stock ___ ___
Upgraded 60 26

Modifications and economy

Repair costBasic → Reference
AB7 833 → 10 613 Sl icon.png
RB8 196 → 11 105 Sl icon.png
Total cost of modifications55 400 Rp icon.png
106 800 Sl icon.png
Talisman cost1 400 Ge icon.png
Crew training65 000 Sl icon.png
Experts230 000 Sl icon.png
Aces820 Ge icon.png
Research Aces440 000 Rp icon.png
Reward for battleAB / RB / SB
400 / 600 / 100 % Sl icon.png
160 / 160 / 160 % Rp icon.png
Modifications
Seakeeping Unsinkability Firepower
Mods new ship hull.png
Dry-Docking
Research:
2 200 Rp icon.png
Cost:
4 200 Sl icon.png
195 Ge icon.png
Mods new ship rudder.png
Rudder Replacement
Research:
2 100 Rp icon.png
Cost:
4 100 Sl icon.png
190 Ge icon.png
Mods new ship screw.png
Propeller Replacement
Research:
2 300 Rp icon.png
Cost:
4 400 Sl icon.png
210 Ge icon.png
Mods new ship engine.png
Engine Maintenance
Research:
3 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
5 800 Sl icon.png
270 Ge icon.png
Mods ship damage control crew.png
Damage Control Division
Research:
2 200 Rp icon.png
Cost:
4 200 Sl icon.png
195 Ge icon.png
Mods ship fire control crew.png
Fire Division
Research:
2 100 Rp icon.png
Cost:
4 100 Sl icon.png
190 Ge icon.png
Mods engine smoke screen system.png
Smokescreen
Research:
2 100 Rp icon.png
Cost:
4 100 Sl icon.png
190 Ge icon.png
Mods ship anti fragmentation protection.png
Shrapnel Protection
Research:
2 300 Rp icon.png
Cost:
4 400 Sl icon.png
210 Ge icon.png
Mods ship venting.png
Ventilation
Research:
2 300 Rp icon.png
Cost:
4 400 Sl icon.png
210 Ge icon.png
Mods new ship pumps.png
New Pumps
Research:
3 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
5 800 Sl icon.png
270 Ge icon.png
Mods ship ammo wetting.png
Ammo Wetting
Research:
3 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
5 800 Sl icon.png
270 Ge icon.png
Mods new aa caliber turrets.png
Anti-Air Armament Targeting
Research:
2 200 Rp icon.png
Cost:
4 200 Sl icon.png
195 Ge icon.png
Mods tank ammo.png
152mm_uk_navy_5_10crh_cpbc_ammo_pack
Research:
2 200 Rp icon.png
Cost:
4 200 Sl icon.png
195 Ge icon.png
Mods tank ammo.png
102mm_uk_mkxvi_navy_SAP_ammo_pack
Research:
2 200 Rp icon.png
Cost:
4 200 Sl icon.png
195 Ge icon.png
Mods new aux caliber turrets.png
Auxiliary Armament Targeting
Research:
2 100 Rp icon.png
Cost:
4 100 Sl icon.png
190 Ge icon.png
Mods he frag dist fuse ship.png
152mm_uk_navy_5_10crh_dist_fuse_ammo_pack
Research:
2 100 Rp icon.png
Cost:
4 100 Sl icon.png
190 Ge icon.png
Mods he frag dist fuse ship.png
102mm_uk_mkxvi_navy_he_dist_fuse_ammo_pack
Research:
2 100 Rp icon.png
Cost:
4 100 Sl icon.png
190 Ge icon.png
Mods new main caliber turrets.png
Primary Armament Targeting
Research:
2 300 Rp icon.png
Cost:
4 400 Sl icon.png
210 Ge icon.png
Mods ship rangefinder.png
Improved Rangefinder
Research:
2 300 Rp icon.png
Cost:
4 400 Sl icon.png
210 Ge icon.png
Mods he frag dist fuse ship.png
102mm_uk_mkxvi_navy_he_radio_fuse_ammo_pack
Research:
2 300 Rp icon.png
Cost:
4 400 Sl icon.png
210 Ge icon.png
Mods shipSupportPlane.png
Hydroplane
Research:
3 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
5 800 Sl icon.png
270 Ge icon.png
Mods he frag proxi fuze ship.png
152mm_uk_navy_5_10crh_radio_fuse_ammo_pack
Research:
3 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
5 800 Sl icon.png
270 Ge icon.png
Mods torpedo.png
Torpedo Mode
Research:
3 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
5 800 Sl icon.png
270 Ge icon.png

Armament

Primary armament

4 х Turret2 x 6 inch/50 BL Mark XXIII cannon
Ammunition400 rounds
Vertical guidance-5° / 60°
Main article: 6 inch/50 BL Mark XXIII (152 mm)
152 mm 6 inch/50 Mark BL XXIII (x8)
Turrets (Bow to stern)
Turret 1 (x2) Turret 2 (x2) Turret 3 (x2) Turret 4 (x2)
Vertical guidance -5°/+60°
Horizontal guidance ±145°
Total ammo capacity 1,600

The cannons of the HMNZS Leader are the same as on the previous ship, except now with another twin turret for a total of 8 guns in 4 turrets. They keep the fast reload of 7.5 seconds (with ace crew) along with their accuracy.

Ammunition

Penetration statistics
Ammunition Type of
warhead 		Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
1,000 m 2,500 m 5,000 m 7,500 m 10,000 m 15,000 m
6 inch HE HE 37 37 37 37 37 37
6 inch CPBC SAPBC 197 172 137 110 90 67
6 inch HE-TF HE-TF 37 37 37 37 37 37
6 inch HE-VT HE-VT 37 37 37 37 37 37
Shell details
Ammunition Type of
warhead 		Velocity
(m/s) 		Projectile
mass (kg) 		Fuse delay
(s) 		Fuse sensitivity
(mm) 		Explosive mass
(TNT equivalent) (kg) 		Ricochet
0% 50% 100%
6 inch HE HE 841 50.8 0 0.1 3.96 79° 80° 81°
6 inch CPBC SAPBC 841 50.8 0.025 7 1.7 48° 63° 71°
6 inch HE-TF HE-TF 841 50.8 0 0.1 3.96 79° 80° 81°
Proximity-fused shell details
Ammunition Type of
warhead 		Velocity
(m/s) 		Projectile
mass (kg) 		Fuse delay
(m) 		Fuse sensitivity
(mm) 		Arming
distance (m) 		Trigger
radius (m) 		Explosive mass
(TNT equivalent) (kg) 		Ricochet
0% 50% 100%
6 inch HE-VT HE-VT 841 50.8 0 0.1 240 16 3.96 79° 80° 81°

Secondary armament

4 х Turret2 x 4 inch/45 Mark XVI cannon
Ammunition400 rounds
Main article: 4 inch/45 Mark XVI (102 mm)
102 mm 4 inch/45 Mark XVI (x8)
Turrets (Bow to stern)
Front port turret (x2) Front starboard turret (x2) Rear port turret (x2) Rear starboard turret (x2)
Vertical guidance -90°/+80° -80°/+90° ±90°
Horizontal guidance -10°/+80°
Total ammo capacity 2,000

Ammunition

Penetration statistics
Ammunition Type of
warhead 		Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
1,000 m 2,500 m 5,000 m 7,500 m 10,000 m 15,000 m
4 inch HE HE 20 20 20 20 20 20
4 inch SAP SAP 102 85 64 48 38 30
4 inch HE-TF HE-TF 20 20 20 20 20 20
4 inch HE-VT HE-VT 20 20 20 20 20 20
Shell details
Ammunition Type of
warhead 		Velocity
(m/s) 		Projectile
mass (kg) 		Fuse delay
(s) 		Fuse sensitivity
(mm) 		Explosive mass
(TNT equivalent) (g) 		Ricochet
0% 50% 100%
4 inch HE HE 811 15.88 0 0.1 1,550 79° 80° 81°
4 inch SAP SAP 811 17.35 0.015 5 600 47° 60° 65°
4 inch HE-TF HE-TF 811 15.88 0 0.1 1,550 79° 80° 81°
Proximity-fused shell details
Ammunition Type of
warhead 		Velocity
(m/s) 		Projectile
mass (kg) 		Fuse delay
(m) 		Fuse sensitivity
(mm) 		Arming
distance (m) 		Trigger
radius (m) 		Explosive mass
(TNT equivalent) (g) 		Ricochet
0% 50% 100%
4 inch HE-VT HE-VT 811 15.88 0 0.1 274 18 1,550 79° 80° 81°

Anti-aircraft armament

5 х Turret20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II autocannon
Ammunition1800 rounds
Belt capacity60 rounds
Fire rate450 shots/min
3 х Turret4 x 12.7 mm Vickers Mk.V machine gun
Ammunition8000 rounds
Belt capacity200 rounds
Fire rate600 shots/min
Main articles: 20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm), Vickers Mk.V (12.7 mm)
20 mm Oerlikon Mk.II (x5)
Turrets (Bow to stern)
Front turret Middle port turret Middle starboard turret Rear port turret Rear starboard turret
Vertical guidance -5°/+65° -0°/+65°
Horizontal guidance ±180 -60°/+90° -90°/+60° ±180
Total ammo capacity 9,000
12.7 mm Vickers Mk.V (x12)
Turrets (Bow to stern)
Front port turret (x4) Front starboard turret (x4) Rear turret (x4)
Vertical guidance +25°/+75°
Horizontal guidance ±90°
Total ammo capacity 24,000

Additional armament

Setup 18 x 533 mm steam turbined Mk.V torpedo
Main article: Mk.V (533 mm)
533 mm steam turbined Mk.V torpedo
# on ship Mass (kg) Maximum speed
in water (km/h) 		Travel distance (km) Depth stroke (m) Arming
distance (m) 		Explosive type Explosive mass (kg)
8 1,736 74 4.57 1.0 50 TNT 305

Scout plane

Main article: Osprey Mk IV

Located amidships is a catapult with one Osprey Mk IV scout plane which provides unique offensive and defensive abilities, expanding tactical options. Ship-launched scout planes fly just like regular tree units but lack munition choices and cockpit views. The Osprey may look familiar as it is a derivative of the Nimrod fighter, but as a 2-seater equipped with a defensive machine gun along with the fixed machine gun and no bombs. It does have the scout plane ability to lay down smoke cover (up to 3 times). Captains will be wise to remember to utilise the aircraft and consider when best to use it, for example to cap a point early or late in the match, to create a smoke screen to stymie enemy bombardment and repair, to attack enemy units directly, or perhaps something completely new!

Note: the aircraft modelled on the ship is not the same as the aircraft that is flown when the scout plane ability is activated.

Usage in battles

The Leander is very similar to the Arethusa, its predecessor, but has some upgrades over the former. It carries an extra gun turret, giving it an 8-shell broadside which, combined with the 7.5 secs reload, can give the Leander some dangerous firepower with good accuracy. The good turret traverse and SAP shells make this ship dangerous at close quarters, where it can deal good damage and good penetration to enemy cruisers. It carries the same secondary armament of eight 4-inch guns with four on each broadside, making it a menace for destroyers and larger aircraft. It's also faster than the Arethusa and boasts a larger crew. While the armour is still weak for a cruiser, it's stronger than the Arethusa, with much better protection for the ammo stowage and the gun turrets, as well as some armour for the rudder, which is rare for a light cruiser.

One drawback for the Leander is its weakened AA armament. While it isn't terrible, it's a far cry from the powerful AA screen of the Arethusa, and can leave it vulnerable if it has no friendly ships to offer additional AA fire. The Leander's guns also start to lack at 5.3. Lacking the AP shells of other nations, heavy cruisers can be a real challenge for the Leander, and it struggles to deal good damage at long range as a result.

Pros and cons

Pros:

  • Powerful, fast-firing broadside, especially dangerous at close and medium ranges
  • Great secondary armament, eight 4-inch guns is dangerous for destroyers and torpedo boats
  • Good armour protection, especially around the ammo and guns
  • Great turret traverse on main turrets
  • Good top speed and manoeuvrability
  • One scout seaplane.

Cons:

  • Average AA armament, weaker than the previous Arethusa
  • Armour still isn't enough to save it against heavy cruiser guns
  • While the crew is larger than previous cruisers, it's still pretty small
  • Big target compared to previous British ships
  • No APCBC shells for the 6-inch guns

History

HMNZS Leander (75) underway at sea in 1945.

HMNZS / HMS Leander was the lead ship of the eight-ship Leander class, built in the 1930s as a follow-up to the Emerald (E) class. Influenced by the design of the British County-class heavy cruisers, Leander carried a main armament of eight 6-inch guns in dual turrets. Commissioned in 1933, she served under the New Zealand division of the Royal Navy and was eventually given to the New Zealand Navy in 1941, renamed HMNZS Leander. She served in the Indian Ocean and Mediterranean sea during the early days of the Second World War, primarily as a convoy escort. She later served in the Solomon Islands campaign and was hit by a 610 mm torpedo that put her out of service until the end of the war. Following the cessation of hostilities, Leander was repatriated to the UK, and served with the Mediterranean fleet until she was retired in 1948 and scrapped by 1950.

Design and development

The Leander-class cruisers originated as a successor to the British Emerald (or E) class, as the first class of light cruisers built by the United Kingdom since the end of the First World War. Influenced by the designs of the County and York classes of heavy cruisers, the Leander class had a similar hull design and gun arrangement. However, displacing 7270 tons standard, they were significantly lighter. Leander's powerful steam turbines allowed her to reach a top speed of almost 33 knots (61 km/h), but their large size meant that she had relatively low armour protection compared to her peers - up to 3 inches (76 mm) of armour at the magazines, and far less throughout the vessel.

Leander carried a main armament of eight 6-inch (152 mm) BL Mk 23 guns mounted in four twin turrets, similar to the layout of the County-class heavy cruisers. She also carried a secondary armament of four single 4-inch (102 mm) dual-purpose guns, though these were upgraded to dual turrets later in her career. Her initial anti-aircraft armament was also rather sparse, composed of just three quadruple Vickers machine guns (calibre 12.7 mm); this was also upgraded significantly in her later service. Leander, the first ship of her class, was laid down in February of 1930; following completion, she was commissioned in 1933.

Operational history

Following her completion, the Leander served in the New Zealand division of the Royal Navy, along with her sister ship Achilles. Back then, the defence of New Zealand's naval territory was conducted by the Royal Navy, and as a result, the ships were operated by the Royal Navy until the formation of the New Zealand navy in 1941. She participated in the Coronation Review of 1937, and later conducted an aerial survey of the south Pacific ocean. During the time before the war, she toured ports in New Zealand, and also participated in exercises in Australian and British waters.

Following the outbreak of the Second World War, Leander travelled to the port of Alexandria, in the Mediterranean. She was intended to serve in the British mediterranean fleet, but these plans were changed when she was instead given to the British East Indies squadron. During this period, she escorted convoys in the Red sea area and sank several vessels, including an Italian submarine and merchant raider.

In early 1941, Leander was formally given to the New Zealand Navy, which had been formed as an independent naval force. She was then reassigned to the Mediterranean squadron to replace several cruisers that had been destroyed. During this time, she participated in the Syria-Lebanon campaign, fighting against the Vichy French naval forces stationed in that area. After this action, Leander departed as an escort for a convoy bound for Australia, arriving in September of 1941.

In early 1942, with the Japanese raid on Pearl harbour and subsequent declaration of war, Leander began serving in the Pacific theatre. She escorted convoys during the Solomons campaign but was dry docked for several months when a crack was found in her hull. She was returned to service in March of 1943, replacing the sunken cruiser Helena in the Solomon campaign. It was there in July of 1943 when, during a short engagement with Japanese naval forces, Helena was hit by a 610 mm "long lance" torpedo. The damage was extreme, yet she survived and limped to port for repairs. In fact, the damage was extensive enough that she was taken out of service for the rest of the war. By late 1944, Leander had been paid off from the New Zealand Navy, most of her crew members going to her sister ship HMNZS Achilles. Following the completion of repairs, she was repatriated to the UK in late 1945. She saw little service, and was used as a target ship in 1948 before being scrapped by 1950.

Devblog

The Leander-class light cruisers were designed in the late 1920s under the influence of the York-class heavy cruisers. However, the Leander-class differed from previous light cruisers by placing a higher emphasis on seaworthiness and operating range, rather than on protection and firepower. This was done with the aim to make the Leander-class light cruisers more suitable for the commerce protection role.

Initially, five ships of the Leander-class were ordered in the early 1930s, with HMS Leader as the lead ship being laid down in September 1930. Leander was completed a year later and commissioned into service in March 1933. Initially, the warship served with the New Zealand Division of the Royal Navy, before being transferred to the Royal New Zealand Navy after its formation in 1941. From there onwards, the ship sailed under its new designation HMNZS Leander.

Leander primarily served in the Pacific theatre during WW2, taking part in several smaller operations during her early service life. Leander was also briefly stationed in the Mediterranean, supporting allied troops in actions against Vichy France during the Syria-Lebanon campaign. After that, Leander once again returned to the Pacific, where she was severely damaged after an engagement with a small Japanese task force in July 1943. The damage suffered from a torpedo hit was so severe that it rendered Leander inoperable for the remainder of the war, until she was repaired in August 1945.

HMNZS Leander only had a very short post-war service life. The warship was officially decommissioned in 1948 and sold for scrap in 1950.

Media

Skins

See also

Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:

  • reference to the series of the ship;
  • links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.

External links

References:

  • New Zealand History. (2020). HMNZS Leander. Retrieved January 04, 2021, from https://nzhistory.govt.nz/war/hmnzs-leander
  • National Museum of the New Zealand Navy. (2020, June 08). Leander. Retrieved January 07, 2021, from https://navymuseum.co.nz/explore/by-collections/ships/leander/


Devonport Royal Dockyard
Light Cruisers 
Leander-class  HMNZS Leander
Battleships 
Iron Duke-class  HMS Marlborough

Britain light cruisers
Emerald-class  HMS Enterprise
Dido-class  HMS Dido
Leander-class  HMNZS Leander
Arethusa-class  HMS Arethusa
Town-class  HMS Belfast · HMS Liverpool · HMS Southampton
Tiger-class  HMS Tiger
Abdiel-class*  HMS Abdiel

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