ZiS-12 (94-KM)

ZiS-12 (94-KM)

ZiS-43

ZSU-37

ZiS-12 (94-KM)

ZiS-43

ZSU-37

USSR

II Rank

Battle rating:

AB	RB	SB
3.7	3.0	3.0

Class:

SPAA

Research:11 000

Purchase:22 000

Description

The ZiS-12 (94-KM) (94-KM gun mount on a ZIS-12 truck), or as the 94-KM ZIS-12, is a Rank II Soviet self-propelled anti-aircraft vehicle with a battle rating of 3.7 (AB) and 3.0 (RB/SB). It was introduced in Update 1.57 "Battle March".

The 94-KM is an improvement over the GAZ-MM (72-K) with its dual-mounted 25 mm cannons, increasing its rate of fire and area of saturation for anti-aircraft duties.

This SPAA is commonly referred to as the "Milk Truck" by the community.

General info

Survivability and armour

Armour type:

• Structural steel
• Wood (Truck bed)
• Rolled homogeneous armour (Gun mount)

Armour	Front	Sides	Rear	Roof
Driver's cabin	1 mm	1 mm	1 mm	1 mm
Cargo bed	15 mm	15 mm	15 mm	15 mm

Notes:

• The wheels are 2 mm thick.
• The truck bed is 15 mm of wood, which will probably not offer as much protection as the truck cab.
• The radiator housing is unarmoured.

Mobility

Game Mode	Max Speed (km/h)		Weight (tons)	Engine power (horsepower)		Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
	Forward	Reverse		Stock	Upgraded	Stock	Upgraded
Arcade	56	8	3	99	134	33	44.67
Realistic	51	7		62	70	20.67	23.33

Armaments

25 mm 72-K (x2)
Capacity (Belt capacity each)		Fire rate (shots/minute)	Vertical guidance	Horizontal guidance	Stabilizer
530 (7)		240	-10°/+85°	±180°	N/A
Turret rotation speed (°/s)
Mode	Stock	Upgraded	Prior + Full crew	Prior + Expert qualif.	Prior + Ace qualif.
Arcade	30.82	42.66	51.8	57.28	60.94
Realistic	20.83	24.5	29.75	32.90	35.00
Reloading rate (seconds)
Stock	Prior + Full crew	Prior + Expert qualif.	Prior + Ace qualif.
0.26	0.23	0.21	0.2

Ammunition

Penetration statistics
Ammunition	Type of warhead	Penetration in mm @ 90°
		10m	100m	500m	1000m	1500m	2000m
OZR-132	FI-T*	3	3	2	2	2	2
BR-132	AP-T	46	43	33	27	23	15

Shell details
Ammunition	Type of warhead	Velocity in m/s	Projectile Mass in kg	Fuse delay in m:	Fuse sensitivity in mm:	Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):	Normalization At 30° from horizontal:	Ricochet:
								0%	50%	100%
OZR-132	FI-T*	910	0.29	0.2	0.1	13	+0°	62°	69°	73°
BR-132	AP-T	900	0.28	N/A	N/A	N/A	-1°	47°	60°	65°

Belt types

Belts	Shell composition	Combat usage
Default	AP-T, FI-T* (Armour Piercing tracer – Fragmentation Incendiary tracer) shell	50% of this belt are useless against tanks or planes. However against other SPAA this belt can reliably take out crew, armament, ammo and engine. Having one belt in reserve does not hurt.
OZR-132	FI-T* (Fragmentation Incendiary tracer) shell	The "explosive" rounds for the gun. This is the best ammo to use against aircraft, but useless against ground vehicles.
BR-132	AP-T (Armour Piercing tracer) shell	As an armour-piercing round, it is too small to be a significant threat against ground targets but the lightest armoured ones, and has little effect on planes unless a good shot hits a critical area. Not really a recommended belt to use, but in an emergency it may save the vehicle.

Ammo racks

Ammo racks of the 94-KM.

Full ammo	1st rack empty	Visual discrepancy
72	0 (+72)	Yes

Usage in the battles

This anti-aircraft gun is used similarly as the 72-K GAZ MM and is armed with not one, but two 25 mm cannons that dish out twice the damage. Get to a good vantage point using the vehicle's speed, and then use the cannons to shoot down aircraft that threaten the team. Beware of any tanks or aircraft, as even machine guns can destroy the vehicle. If faced with light tanks, try to run away with the high speed of the vehicle, or try to destroy it using the cannons. The 25 mm's will offer enough penetration to go through most of a light tank's armour. A good strategy might be to flank the enemy team or an individual and attack it from the side. Caution should be paid to what tank you are shooting at, although the AP clip is effective against the side armour of most tanks this vehicle will be up against. Heavy tanks should be avoided, unless the ZiS-12 is serving as a distraction for the team or you are sure that you can pen their armour. Again, being shot by anything will often result in your vehicle being destroyed or put out of action. Although this vehicle is speedy, speed alone will not be enough to avoid enemy shots and machine-gun fire. One way to help mitigate the damage your vehicle might take in an engagement is by reversing up a hill, depressing your barrels over the ridge, only exposing two of your four crew members. Even if you do get shot, the driver and commander will usually survive, allowing you to escape.

Modules

Tier	Mobility		Protection	Firepower
I	Tires		Parts	OZR-132	Horizontal Drive
II	Suspension	Brake System	FPE	BR-132	Adjustment of Fire
III	Filters		Crew Replenishment	Elevation Mechanism
IV	Transmission	Engine		Artillery Support

The most important module for this anti-air vehicle is arguable the OZR-132 full-HE ammo belt, which greatly improve's the cannon's anti-air abilities. Since the vehicle has practically no armour, it usually finds little success in an anti-tank role, so the BR-132 modification is not as useful, even though it gives the vehicle high-penetrating rounds. Similarly, mobility upgrades are not a top priority when it comes to modules for the ZiS-12.

Pros and cons

Pros:

• Similar play style to its predecessor GAZ-MM (72-K)
• 25 mm Armour Piercing offers decent penetration
• Dual mounted cannons offers twice the rate of fire compared to the GAZ-MM (72-K)
• Extremely low reload time allows the guns to fire nearly continuously
• Good engine and transmission will enable it to accelerate and drive at high speeds and stop in a reasonable distance
• Lightly armoured enemies are easy to penetrate with AP rounds
• Air targets belt almost guarantees shooting down a plane on a direct hit

Cons:

• Highly vulnerable to artillery
• Vulnerable to flipping at high speeds
• High Explosive rounds can quickly destroy the vehicle
• Cannot shoot straight ahead due to driving compartment
• No armour or protection whatsoever
• Only a marginal ammo count increase from the GAZ-MM (72-K), meaning that ammo runs out quite fast if used recklessly
• Any aircraft can quickly destroy the ZiS-12 with machine guns and cannons rounds

History

Soviet mobile anti-aircraft defences in World War II was quite lacking in comparison to other nation's. Their self-propelled anti-aircraft guns are mainly improvised truck beds mounting a light anti-aircraft gun, such as Maxim machine guns on the GAZ-AAA (4M) and a single 25 mm autocannon in the GAZ-MM (72-K). By the end of 1943, the design bureau at Plant no.88 wanted to mount two 25 mm 72-K guns onto a truck bed. The guidance system on the new design was derived from the 37 mm 61-K gun. The gun system was mounted onto the back of a ZIS-12 truck bed, which was derived from the ZIS-5 truck. In 1944, the weapon system was accepted for testing and later approved as the 94-KM ZIS-12. Plant no.88 produced the 94-KM from 1944 to 1945 before stopping at either production number 225 or 237, possibly due to the introduction of the better ZSU-37 anti-aircraft system.

Media

Skins

• "STALINUM ZIS 12 94K" By Can456_HUN

Read also

• [Devblog] 94-KM SPAAG

Sources

Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:

• topic on the official game forum;
• other literature.

USSR anti-aircraft vehicles
GAZ-AAA	GAZ-AAA (4M) · GAZ-AAA (DShK)
BTR-152	BTR-152A · BTR-152D
Wheeled/Half-tracked	GAZ-MM (72-K) · ZiS-12 (94-KM) · ZiS-43
Radar SPAAG	ZSU-23-4 · ZSU-37-2
SAM	ZSU-23-4M4 · Strela-10M2 · 2S6 · Pantsir-S1
Other	ZSU-23-4M2 · ZUT-37 · ZSU-37 · BTR-ZD · ZSU-57-2
Czechoslovakia	M53/59
North Vietnam	▂Phòng không T-34