Difference between revisions of "Roland 1"
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== Description == | == Description == | ||
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --> | <!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --> | ||
| − | The | + | The Roland 1 is a Franco-German designed anti-aircraft missile system, serving primarily with the German and French armies. Designed in the late 1960s, the Roland 1 was accepted for service in the late 1970s and served with the French Army. An improved version, the [[FlaRakPz 1|Roland 2]], was accepted for service a short time later, with improved capability including all-weather operations. The Roland system has been widely exported to a variety of nations, and has been used during the Falklands Conflict and Iran-Iraq war. |
| + | |||
| + | It was introduced in [[Update 1.89 "Imperial Navy"]]. The '''{{Specs|name}}''' plays like many other SPAAGs around its BR, which means it has a hard time surviving encounters with any kind of vehicle, be that lighter IFVs or heavier MBTs. The vehicle only has access to air to air missiles, and even though the Roland missile extremely deadly, it means that this vehicle can not defend itself against ground targets, even against light vehicles. The radar is pretty competent, but it suffers from ground clutter when placed around trees, to in order to maintain your lock with more ease, you have to put yourself in an open area, which is more dangerous. | ||
== General info == | == General info == | ||
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== History == | == History == | ||
| − | <!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --> | + | <!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' -->=== Design and development === |
[[File:AMX-30R Roland.jpg|thumb|500x500px|AMX-30R 'Roland' formerly of the 401e Régiment d'Artillerie (401e RA) on external display at the Musée des Blindés, Saumur.]] | [[File:AMX-30R Roland.jpg|thumb|500x500px|AMX-30R 'Roland' formerly of the 401e Régiment d'Artillerie (401e RA) on external display at the Musée des Blindés, Saumur.]] | ||
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In the late 1960s, the first surface-to-air missile systems began to emerge as potent anti-aircraft defence systems. As a result, in 1964, representatives of the French and German governments signed an agreement to jointly develop a new self-propelled anti-aircraft missile launcher system (SPAAML), named Roland. The work was conducted by Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm (MBB) on the German side, and Aerospatiale-Matra on the French side. The first prototype for the system was rolled out in 1967, and in 1977, the French government accepted the first Roland 1 SAM system into service. | In the late 1960s, the first surface-to-air missile systems began to emerge as potent anti-aircraft defence systems. As a result, in 1964, representatives of the French and German governments signed an agreement to jointly develop a new self-propelled anti-aircraft missile launcher system (SPAAML), named Roland. The work was conducted by Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm (MBB) on the German side, and Aerospatiale-Matra on the French side. The first prototype for the system was rolled out in 1967, and in 1977, the French government accepted the first Roland 1 SAM system into service. | ||
Revision as of 03:59, 16 February 2024
Contents
Description
The Roland 1 is a Franco-German designed anti-aircraft missile system, serving primarily with the German and French armies. Designed in the late 1960s, the Roland 1 was accepted for service in the late 1970s and served with the French Army. An improved version, the Roland 2, was accepted for service a short time later, with improved capability including all-weather operations. The Roland system has been widely exported to a variety of nations, and has been used during the Falklands Conflict and Iran-Iraq war.
It was introduced in Update 1.89 "Imperial Navy". The AMX-30 Roland 1 plays like many other SPAAGs around its BR, which means it has a hard time surviving encounters with any kind of vehicle, be that lighter IFVs or heavier MBTs. The vehicle only has access to air to air missiles, and even though the Roland missile extremely deadly, it means that this vehicle can not defend itself against ground targets, even against light vehicles. The radar is pretty competent, but it suffers from ground clutter when placed around trees, to in order to maintain your lock with more ease, you have to put yourself in an open area, which is more dangerous.
General info
Survivability and armour
The armour of the Roland 1 is average compared to other SPAAGs of the same battle rating, such as the FlaRakPz 1 or the FlaRakRad, which still means that the user will have a hard time surviving an encounter against an MBT or other SPAAGs equipped with cannons with at least 30 mm of penetration, such as the SIDAM 25 if they are using an APDS belt. In this SPAA, it will be very common for the user to face against top-tier jets such as the MiG-21bis or the MiG-21MF. These jets (and many more) have no problem shredding through the top of the tank with ease.
Almost every MBT in the game will have absolutely no difficulty destroying you with a single shot into the front of the tank, as the 30 mm thick front plate is inadequate for protection and the spall created from APFSDS shells will be more than enough to wipe out your crew. However, due to the large interior of the tank and the spacing of the crew, one might survive an APFSDS shot to the side provided it does not hit the munitions, a fuel tank, or the driver and the commander at the same time. Due to the tank being larger, the modules such as the engine or the transmission won't be enough to stop a shot from the back. Because of this, one should avoid direct confrontation with a hostile MBT at any given time.
Armour type:
- Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull, turret)
| Armour | Front (Slope angle) | Sides | Rear | Roof |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hull | 30 mm (30°) Upper glacis 30 mm (40°) Lower glacis 15 mm (75°) Driver's port |
15 mm | 15 mm | 10 mm 5 mm Radiator |
| Turret | 15 (0° - 30°) mm Turret front 10 mm Optics |
10 - 15 mm | 15 mm | 10 mm |
Notes:
- Tracks are 20 mm thick
- Suspension wheels are made from structural steel and are 15 mm thick
- Additional armour in the front of the hull, consists of spare tracks 20 mm thick and a single structural steel block 4 mm thick
- There is also additional armour placed on the rear of the vehicle, albeit only 4 extra millimetres in the form of structural steel
Mobility
| Game Mode | Max Speed (km/h) | Weight (tons) | Engine power (horsepower) | Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Forward | Reverse | Stock | Upgraded | Stock | Upgraded | ||
| Arcade | 71 | 71 | 34 | 1,023 | 1,374 | 30.09 | 40.41 |
| Realistic | 66 | 66 | 637 | 720 | 18.74 | 21.18 | |
Modifications and economy
| Mobility | Protection | Firepower | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
Armaments
Main armament
| Roland SAM (x2) | Turret rotation speed (°/s) | Reloading rate (seconds) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mode | Capacity (Belt) | Vertical | Horizontal | Stabilizer | Stock | Upgraded | Full | Expert | Aced | Stock | Full | Expert | Aced |
| Arcade | 10 (2) | -10°/+35° | ±180° | N/A | 74.9 | 103.6 | 125.8 | 139.1 | 148.0 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 |
| Realistic | 50.6 | 59.5 | 72.3 | 79.9 | 85.0 | ||||||||
Ammunition
| Penetration statistics | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammunition | Type of warhead |
Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm) | |||||
| 10 m | 100 m | 500 m | 1,000 m | 1,500 m | 2,000 m | ||
| Roland 1 | SAM | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 |
| Roland 3 | SAM | 54 | 54 | 54 | 54 | 54 | 54 |
| Missile details | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammunition | Type of warhead |
Velocity (m/s) |
Range (m) |
Projectile mass (kg) |
Fuse delay (m) |
Fuse sensitivity (mm) |
Arming distance (m) |
Trigger radius (m) |
Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (kg) |
Ricochet | ||
| 0% | 50% | 100% | ||||||||||
| Roland 1 | SAM | 500 | 6,300 | 65 | 1 | 0.1 | 300 | 6 | 4.59 | 79° | 80° | 81° |
| Roland 3 | SAM | 570 | 8,000 | 77 | 1 | 0.1 | 300 | 6 | 6.81 | 79° | 80° | 81° |
Ammo racks
| Full ammo |
1st rack empty |
2nd rack empty |
3rd rack empty |
4th rack empty |
Visual discrepancy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 | 4 (+1) | 3 (+2) | 2 (+3) | 1 (+4) | No |
Usage in battles
Always scan the clouds for enemy jets. Since you cannot engage hostile MBTs, there is no point trying to get into positions where MBTs may be lurking. Your best bet would be to stick to cover from where you can constantly scan the sky for enemy jets while also being safe from hostile MBTs. Due to your size, you won't be able to find cover all that easily, so if needed, you can stay behind a hill and wait until your team advances so that you can reposition and find new cover that is way more effective.
Your missiles have no problem catching even the fastest of the jets, but speed is not everything. Try to strike down jets which are crippled or in the middle of a manoeuvre. There is no point in wasting a missile on a jet that has plenty of energy and time to react and dodge your missile. This plays a major factor in your performance because you can only carry 10 missiles and getting to a capture point to refill your missiles might not be an easy task to accomplish in some maps.
If you encounter helicopters, they are an easy target, as long as you manage to spot them first. If they spot you first, and you do not notice it, it is very likely your tank is going to get hit by an AGM, which due to Roland's thin armour, results in an instant KO. If you are not sure if the hostile team has a helicopter, wait behind cover that protects you from the spawning helicopters and scout around or wait till your teammates call out the enemy helicopter. You should also bear in mind that the range of your missiles is roughly 6,300 m, which might not be enough against certain helicopters in some cases, such as the Ka-52/50 or the EC-665 Tiger UHT.
Pros and cons
Pros:
- Roland 1 and Roland 3 SAM are more than enough to take down any aircraft if they hit centre mass
- Fast turret rotation coupled with the 2 missiles per reload (which is only 5 seconds long) allows the user to take down jets in quick succession
- Radar can be used to guide the missile towards the target
- Pretty fast, allows for quick repositioning
Cons:
- Pretty large, it is a big target for enemy jets and MBTs alike
- Radar lock can be broken fairly easily if one is positioned near trees
- Lacks any sort of weaponry against MBTs, Roland missiles will only damage tracks/cannons if used against MBTs
- Crew members are positioned in a row, allows for easy one shot kills from the front and the back
- Reloading process can't start until all missiles have blown up
- Low elevation angle
- Missiles have a very low speed compared to most SPAAs at its BR
History
Design and development
In the late 1960s, the first surface-to-air missile systems began to emerge as potent anti-aircraft defence systems. As a result, in 1964, representatives of the French and German governments signed an agreement to jointly develop a new self-propelled anti-aircraft missile launcher system (SPAAML), named Roland. The work was conducted by Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm (MBB) on the German side, and Aerospatiale-Matra on the French side. The first prototype for the system was rolled out in 1967, and in 1977, the French government accepted the first Roland 1 SAM system into service.
The French Roland 1 SPAAML was based off of the AMX-30 Chassis. It was operated by 3 crew members, and was fitted with a large central turret carrying two Roland SAMs, along with the corresponding search radar. The Roland 1 was limited to clear-weather operations, and was semi-automatic, unlike the fully-automatic Roland 2 and Roland 3 systems. The Roland 1 missiles themselves had a maximum firing range of 6.5 kilometres, with a top speed of 900 m/s (Mach 2.5).
Operational History
The Roland 1 first entered service with the French Army in 1977, with a total of 83 Roland 1 missile batteries being produced. These served as the primary French SPAA system, though they were quickly supplemented by more advanced Roland 2 and Roland 3 systems. The Roland missile system has now been removed from French service, being replaced by more advanced, modern missile systems such as the Mistral.
The Roland missile system was widely exported, serving with multiple nations including Argentina, Brazil, Qatar, Spain, Nigeria, and Venezuela. As well, it was one of the few foreign missile systems used by the United States. Roland missiles were used during the Falklands conflict of 1982, and reportedly shot down four British Sea Harriers. However, there is conflicting data on this claim, which cannot be confirmed. Iraq also used the Roland system during the Iran-Iraq war, shooting down an F-4E Phantom and an F-5 Tiger. Most Roland SAM batteries have now been phased out, replaced by more modern weapons.
Media
- Skins
- Videos
See also
- Vehicles equipped with the same missile
External links
References
- Missilery Missile Database. (2006). Roland-1 anti-aircraft missile system. Retrieved January 02, 2021, from https://en.missilery.info/missile/roland-1
- Tanks Encyclopedia. (2011). AMX-30 Roland. Retrieved January 02, 2021.
| France anti-aircraft vehicles | |
|---|---|
| Wheeled/Half-tracked | P.7.T AA · CCKW 353 AA · TPK 6.41 |
| AMX-13 Derivatives | VTT DCA · AMX-13 DCA 40 |
| Radar SPAAG | AMX-30 S DCA |
| Missile SPAA | SANTAL · Roland 1 · ▄ItO 90M |
| Other | AMX-10P |
