M41A1

This page is about the American light tank M41A1. For other versions, see M41 Walker Bulldog (Family).

M41A1

M18 GMC

T92

M41A1

M18 GMC

T92

USA

IV Rank

Battle rating:

AB	RB	SB
6.0	6.3	6.3

Class:

Light tank

Research:46 000

Purchase:155 000

Description

Following the experience of using light tanks in World War II, the US wanted a more airmobile light tank armed with a high-velocity 76 mm cannon to allow the vehicle to better fend for itself. The design became designated as the M41 with the nickname "Walker Bulldog", named after General Walton Walker who died during the Korean War. Further improvements led to the M41A1 variant with a hydraulic turret traverse system and more ammo stowage. Despite being considered an improvement over the preceding M24 Chaffee, the M41 was still too heavy for airmobile operations, especially for an air-drop. The M41 would still see use with the US and its allies but would be replaced by the M551.

Introduced alongside the initial American ground tech tree in Update 1.45 "Steel Generals", the M41A1 is a light tank that gives a very powerful punching 76 mm M32 gun, especially with its APDS ammunition. The good mobility, low profile, and high firepower makes the M41A1 ideal as a scout and flanker for the team. The M41A1 has a relatively low top speed so it may not be the fastest vehicle to get to a destination. However, it has a high acceleration which means that the M41 can get to its top speed pretty quickly for speedy advances or retreats.

General info

Survivability and armour

Armourfront / side / back

Hull31 / 25 / 19

Turret25 / 25 / 25

Crew4 people

Visibility88 %

Armour type:

• Rolled homogeneous armour
• Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet, Lower glacis)

Armour	Front (Slope angle)	Sides	Rear	Roof
Hull	28.5 mm (49°) Front glacis 63.5 mm (33-37°) Lower glacis	28.5 mm	28.5 mm (46°) Top 25.4 mm (1°) Middle 25.4 mm (20°) Bottom	12.7 mm
Turret	44.4 mm (11-13°) Turret front 50.8 mm (2-43°) Gun mantlet	31.75 mm (1°)	31.75 mm (1°)	12.7 mm

Notes:

• Suspension wheels, bogies, and tracks are 15 mm thick.
• An extra 12.7 mm RHA metal plate is present on the right side of the turret near the pintle 7.62 mm machine gun.
• A 4 mm Structural steel box is present, mounted on the vehicle rear turret.

There aren't any specific targets worth noting as the M41A1 will be hurt by pretty much anything. Be extra careful with SPAAs as they can knock out the Walker Bulldog's components with ease and even destroy the tank.

If at all possible, try only to expose the turret. If using the terrain to the M41A1's advantage, it'll usually be able to fire one to three shots, then start moving forwards and backwards, thus making it a lot harder for the enemy to hit the tank. Generally, the M41A1 be able to get in two shots on most targets before they can fire back, and the M41A1 accelerates from 0 to 30 km/h fast enough to become a hard target to hit if only the turret is exposed!

Mobility

Speedforward / back

AB81 / 21 km/h

RB and SB73 / 19 km/h

Number of gears4 forward

2 back

Weight23.1 t

Engine power

AB954 hp

RB and SB500 hp

Power-to-weight ratio

AB41.3 hp/t

RB and SB21.6 hp/t

Game Mode	Max Speed (km/h)		Weight (tons)	Engine power (horsepower)		Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
	Forward	Reverse		Stock	Upgraded	Stock	Upgraded
Arcade	81	21	23.1	775	954	33.55	41.3
Realistic	73	19		442	500	19.13	21.65

Modifications and economy

Repair costBasic → Reference

AB1 859 → 2 535

RB2 276 → 3 104

SB2 962 → 4 040

Total cost of modifications40 100

77 200

Talisman cost1 400

Crew training45 000

Experts155 000

Aces630

Research Aces440 000

Reward for battleAB / RB / SB

100 / 130 / 160 %

160 / 160 / 160 %

Modifications

Mobility	Protection	Firepower
Tracks Research: 2 700 Cost: 5 200 200 Suspension Research: 1 500 Cost: 2 900 110 Brake System Research: 1 500 Cost: 2 900 110 Filters Research: 2 500 Cost: 4 800 185 Transmission Research: 2 600 Cost: 5 000 190 Engine Research: 2 600 Cost: 5 000 190	Improved Parts Research: 2 700 Cost: 5 200 200 Improved FPE Research: 1 500 Cost: 2 900 110 Crew Replenishment Research: 2 500 Cost: 4 800 185	Horizontal Drive Research: 2 700 Cost: 5 200 200 Adjustment of Fire Research: 1 500 Cost: 2 900 110 Airstrike Research: 1 500 Cost: 2 900 110 76mm_usa_M32_APCR_ammo_pack Research: 1 500 Cost: 2 900 110 Elevation Mechanism Research: 2 500 Cost: 4 800 185 76mm_usa_M32_APDS_ammo_pack Research: 2 500 Cost: 4 800 185 Artillery Support Research: 2 600 Cost: 5 000 190 Improved optics Research: 2 600 Cost: 5 000 190 76mm_us_M361_Smoke_ammo_pack Research: 2 600 Cost: 5 000 190

Armaments

Main armament

76 mm M32 cannon

Ammunition65 rounds

First-order11 rounds

Reloadbasic crew → aces

7.6 → 5.9 s

Vertical guidance-10° / 20°

76 mm M32					Turret rotation speed (°/s)					Reloading rate (seconds)
Mode	Capacity	Vertical	Horizontal	Stabilizer	Stock	Upgraded	Full	Expert	Aced	Stock	Full	Expert	Aced
Arcade	65	-10°/+20°	±180°	-	22.8	31.6	38.4	42.5	45.2	7.67	6.79	6.25	5.90
Realistic					14.3	16.8	20.4	22.6	24.0

Ammunition

Penetration statistics
Ammunition	Type of warhead	Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
		10 m	100 m	500 m	1,000 m	1,500 m	2,000 m
M339 shot	APBC	177	173	159	143	129	116
M352 shell	HE	15	15	14	12	12	12
M319 shot	APCR	206	200	174	146	122	103
M331A2 shot	APDS	300	296	278	256	237	219

Shell details
Ammunition	Type of warhead	Velocity (m/s)	Projectile mass (kg)	Fuse delay (m)	Fuse sensitivity (mm)	Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)	Ricochet
							0%	50%	100%
M339 shot	APBC	975	6.6	-	-	-	47°	60°	65°
M352 shell	HE	732	6.8	0.2	0.1	867.22	79°	80°	81°
M319 shot	APCR	1,234	3.2	-	-	-	66°	70°	72°
M331A2 shot	APDS	1,257	2.81	-	-	-	75°	78°	80°

Smoke shell characteristics
Ammunition	Velocity (m/s)	Projectile mass (kg)	Screen radius (m)	Screen deploy time (s)	Screen hold time (s)	Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
M361	713	7.1	13	5	20	50

Ammo racks

Ammo racks of the M41A1

Full ammo	1st rack empty	2nd rack empty	3rd rack empty	Visual discrepancy
65	45 (+20)	12 (+53)	1 (+64)	No

Notes:

• Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
• Rack 3 is a first stage ammo rack. It totals 11 shells and gets filled first when loading up the tank.
• This rack is also emptied early: the rack depletion order at full capacity is: 3 - 1 - 2.
• If you pack 15 (+50) shells, it will keep most of the hull empty of ammo.
• Full reload speed will be realized as long as shells are available in the ready rack 3. If the ready rack is empty, a penalty to reload speed will occur.
• Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from racks 1-3 into rack 3. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready rack.

Machine guns

12.7 mm M2HB machine gun

Ammunition2 200 rounds

Belt capacity200 rounds

Reloadbasic crew → aces

10.4 → 8.0 s

Fire rate575 shots/min

Vertical guidance-10° / 70°

Horizontal guidance-60° / 60°

7.62 mm M1919A4 machine gun (coaxial)

Ammunition5 000 rounds

Belt capacity250 rounds

Reloadbasic crew → aces

10.4 → 8.0 s

Fire rate500 shots/min

12.7 mm M2HB
Mount	Capacity (Belt)	Fire rate	Vertical	Horizontal
Pintle	2,200 (200)	575	-10°/+70°	±60°

7.62 mm M1919A4
Mount	Capacity (Belt)	Fire rate	Vertical	Horizontal
Coaxial	5,000 (250)	500	-	-

Usage in battles

Like the tanks that come before it, the Bulldog should be used as a rapid-deployment support vehicle in conjunction with heavier vehicles like the T32. It is best used to run rapid insertion and flanking operations while allowing the heavier tanks to absorb the brunt of the enemy attack. The Walker Bulldog works well with M26 Medium tanks as the M26 has a harder hitting gun to support the light tank's advance, but the M41A1 maintains a much better climb rate for hills and a much faster acceleration. The Bulldog's top speed does cap off-road, requiring good knowledge of the map to make the most of the terrain.

Always remember that the Bulldog lacks any effective armour. In a frontal attack, it will be easily penetrated by almost anything the enemy throws at it. Try to use the terrain to hide the tank and relocate after shots. Also, attempt to engage targets who are busy or already engaged with teammates. The Bulldog's 76 mm gun has great penetration, but due to the solid shot armour-piercing rounds it has it is necessary to make each shot count by hitting either ammo racks or fuel tanks/engines to disable and or destroy an enemy vehicle. Equipping HVAP rounds, later on, makes it easier to destroy vehicles with better side armour such as the IS-3 which has a fairly strong side profile. Finally, avoid using the APCR rounds unless the APDS module has not yet been unlocked.

Tactics

The Bulldog is best playing a mobile role; trail the outskirts of the map and take shots at the enemy from a distance and keep relocating. Don't stand still for too long as one or two hits are usually enough to completely disable the tank.

While playing this tank, the biggest concern should be not to get hit by anything. Given its thin armour, anything that the Bulldog is facing will be able to deal heavy damage. In summary, the Bulldog is a very manoeuvrable tank and with practice is a very potent threat to enemies. In this sense, it plays a similar role to the previous M18 and M24 light tanks but with a much faster turret traverse and access to APDS.

If up against heavy tanks, such as the Tiger II H, don't bother trying to hit its front chassis armour even with APDS. The chances to penetrate this tank's upper glacis are very low. It is better to try and either ignoring him or aiming for his lower glacis and turret. Should the round penetrate the lower glacis, the transmission is likely to catch on fire. When attacking the turret, aim for the gunner on the left (player's right) of the gun. After that, disengage as the gunner will be replaced faster than the M41A1 can reload. Fighting off heavily armoured targets takes a lot of practice, but the gun's accuracy and good penetration can be used to the M41A1's advantage. Ambushing tanks as such as the Panther V series which many variants have slow slew rates will be highly effective as you can get two-three shots off and disable the gunner when you get a flank.

Pros and cons

Pros:

• Extremely agile and responsive tank with quick acceleration, neutral steering, and reverse
• Good top speed of 72 km/h (average speed is more around 35-40 km/h)
• Fast turret traverse and reload rate
• Respectable firepower:
  • AP is highly lethal to most tanks of all-tiers post pen
  • APDS has high muzzle velocity, easy-to-hit targets at longer ranges & more heavily armoured targets
• Good suspension; can drive away from steep downhills and jumps
• .50 cal AA machine gun with good coverage
• Has access to night vision devices (NVD) for the driver (while in third-person view or driver view)
• Has access to duplicate commander fire control and sights, allowing the commander to fire the gun even when the gunner is knocked out

Cons:

• Cannot reach speeds 50 km/h unless moving downhill
• Thin armour is still thick enough to trigger most APHE/APCBC shell fuses
• NVD is not available for the gunner or commander
• Ammo storage in the front, next to the driver
  • This can be mitigated by not taking more than 15 rounds
• No APHE shells that can be quite handy at times
• Lackluster post-pen damage with APDS
• Large size for a light tank
• Lacks a stabilizer
• Lacks smoke grenades

History

Development

The U.S. Army light tank in the later part of World War II, the M24 Chaffee, was a promising design but was deemed not effective for the future of armour encounters. Though its role as a scout was seen as needing the 75 mm gun, the army wanted a tank with a better gun to have a more equal chance against tanks. The project began as the T37 program in 1947 with the focus of being air-transportable with an anti-tank capability in the form of a 76 mm gun and a rangefinder. The adoption of a simplified rangefinder had the project designation changed to the T41. After testings and evaluations, the T41 model was accepted into service as the M41 Little Bulldog, with production starting at Cadillac Cleveland Tank Plant in 1951. The name Little Bulldog stayed until General Walton Walker, the first commander of the 8th US Army in Korea, died in a car accident, so the tank was renamed into the M41 Walker Bulldog in remembrance. Production went from 1953 to somewhere in the late 1960s with about 3,728 units produced.

The M41 light tank would go on to replace the M24 Chaffees by 1953. The M41 had a crew of four, commander, gunner, loader, and driver. The tank had a profile of under 9 feet and 19 feet long. The tank was lightweight at 23.5 tons and thus had rather thin armour, with the front armour only 25.4 mm thick (sloped at 60 degrees for about 50 mm effective). However, the tank was very agile with its torsion bar suspension and Continental AOS 895-3 series 6-cylinder gasoline engine of 500 hp which could deliver a road speed of 45 mph with a 100 miles operating range. Unfortunately, the tank was criticized for being noisy, a fuel-guzzler, rather heavy, and the American crewman found the Bulldog's interior to be quite cramped. Despite that, it delivered speed, firepower, and reliability in a light tank format. Several upgrades were made on the M41 with better technology, the M41A1 had a hydraulic turret traverse with more ammo storage, the M41A2 had a new fuel system, and the M41A3 are old M41A1 tanks with the new fuel system from the M41A2.

Combat usage

The M41 Walker Bulldog first saw use in Korea in a limited combat run. The tanks, still labelled their experimental designation T41, were sent for field testing on design deficiencies. It is unknown what other purposes they served there except for the tests. Their first major conflict once adopted by the U.S. Army was in Vietnam, mainly by replacing the M24 Chaffees in service with the South Vietnamese army (ARVN) at the time. The M41A3 tanks arrived in January 1965 and were instantly popular; not only for their advantages, but the previously cramped interior for American crews were actually a perfect fit for the smaller Vietnamese armour crewman. The Bulldog went on to fight in the Vietnam War as a reliable war machine. The Bulldog had an advantage due to its lightweight in manoeuvring in the jungle terrain of the region. In 1971, Operation Lam Son 719, the disruption of the North Vietnamese Army supply lines had the M41 Bulldogs play a major role, accompanied by two airborne battalions and two cavalry regiments. Penetrating deep into enemy lines, the 17 M41 tanks engaged and destroyed six Soviet-designed T-54 tanks and other lighter armoured vehicles. This engagement came at a loss of 5 M41 and 25 armoured personnel carriers. By 1973, the ARVN still used about 200 M41 tanks while the transition of the American unit over to the M48A3 Patton tanks in Europe and Stateside. The M41 light tanks were also exported to various other countries. Today, Guatemala, Somalia, Taiwan, Uruguay, and Vietnam still use the M41 Walker Bulldog, some via upgrading the tanks to extend their service life.

The M41 Walker Bulldog design was advanced for the time, giving a relatively lightweight tank the firepower to take on other tanks of its time period. The chassis was even used on the M42 Duster Anti-Air gun and the M75 Armored Personnel Carrier. The drive, engine, transmission, and auxiliary engine also were used in the M44/M52 155 howitzer. By 1969, the US Army began replacing the M41 with the newer M551 Sheridan Armored Airborne Reconnaissance Assault Vehicle (officially not a "light tank") which had a 152 mm cannon that could fire shells and anti-tank missiles. The M551 Sheridan could be used in roles that the M41 Walker Bulldog couldn't do, such as be air-dropped and amphibious but was rather unreliable. This made the M41 Walker Bulldog to be the last American "light tank" produced and the last made before the classification between tank classes based on weight and role ended.

Archive of the in-game description

In 1946 the Americans began looking for a replacement for the M24 Chaffee. The design for the new tank was to lean on experiences drawn from the Second World War. In 1953 deliveries of the M41 Walker Bulldog to the US army began, with 5,500 units ultimately released. The M41 Walker Bulldog featured a traditional layout with a welded hull and rationally sloped frontal plates. The turret was welded from cast and rolled armor elements. The running gear on each side was made up of five road wheels and three track return rollers in addition to guiding and leading wheels. The road wheels were independent of the torsion bar suspension, while the suspension for the first, second, and fifth rollers was equipped with hydraulic shock absorbers. The 500 hp air-cooled Continental AOS-895-3 engine featured a fire extinguishing system. The tank's armament consisted of a 76 mm M32 cannon, a coaxial 7.62 mm Browning M1919A4E1 machine gun, and a turret-mounted 12.7 mm Browning M2HB anti-aircraft gun. The weapon was not stabilized and was equipped with a muzzle brake to reduce recoil. The battle compartment featured 24 rounds for fast reloading, along with 33 more in the tank hull that were only accessible when the turret was rotated hard to the rear. Practice showed that the new tanks were poorly suited for reconnaissance, and their heavy weight and large dimensions made them just as difficult to transport as medium tanks. Those removed from active duty were quickly handed over and sold to allies and dependent governments. M41 Walker Bulldogs saw combat in Austria, Argentina, Belgium, Brazil, the UK, North (captured) and South Vietnam, Guatemala, and Greece.

Media

Skins

• Skins and camouflages for the M41A1 from live.warthunder.com.

See also

Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:

• reference to the series of the vehicles;
• links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.

External links

• [Vehicle Profile] M41 Walker Bulldog [Decal Included]