ARL-44 (ACL-1)

This page is about the heavy tank ARL-44 (ACL-1). For the tank destroyer version, see ARL-44.

ARL-44 (ACL-1)

2C

▄M4A3E2

ARL-44 (ACL-1)

2C

▄M4A3E2

France

III Rank

Battle rating:

AB	RB	SB
3.7	3.7	3.7

Class:

Heavy tank

Research:18 000

Purchase:47 000

Description

The ARL-44 (ACL-1) bears very distinctive characteristics, with a WWI-style track system (similar to the Churchill) which runs across the whole side of its chassis. This tank is a mix of different inspirations, mainly late-war German tank technology such as the Panther series or the Tiger II, from which it takes its sloped frontal armour and tall profile. As France was reviving from WW2, its engineers were hard at work to catch up with tank technology, the ARL-44 series was a training ground for them. This is why this tank has rather weird design choices, coming from both experience and experimentation. Originally armed with a 75 mm cannon, an ACL-1 turret, and a 60 mm sloped front plate in 1944, the design was deemed to weak, and many considered that it would quickly be outdated. It was later improved with a 90 mm SA45 gun with 37 rounds, a 120 mm front plate and a redesigned sloped turret (ARL-44).

It was introduced in Update 1.75 "La Résistance". The ARL-44 (ACL-1) is a well-rounded vehicle more suited for a medium tank role than an heavy one due to lacking armour (which is still decent). It distinguishes from previous French heavy tanks for having a potent gun. The vehicle features an adequate cannon (although with a limited ammo selection), good frontal and side armour that allows for limited angling, and -10 degrees of gun depression. However, the tank does have a very large profile and the turret ammo storage is very exposed and lightly armoured.

General info

Survivability and armour

Armourfront / side / back

Hull60 / 50 / 35

Turret100 / 60 / 30

Crew5 people

Visibility150 %

Armour type:

• Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull)
• Cast homogeneous armour (Turret, gun mantlet, MG port)

Armour	Front (Slope angle)	Sides	Rear	Roof
Hull	60 mm (48°) Front glacis 100 mm (spherical) MG port 50 mm Hull compartment between the tracks 50 mm (63°) Lower glacis	50 mm 25 mm Tracks cover	35 mm (32°) Rear glacis 35 mm (20°) Hull compartment between the tracks	20 mm 5 mm Radiator vents 5 mm (18°) Engine access panel
Turret	100 mm (0-44°) Turret front 80-100 + 30 mm (spherical) Gun mantlet	60 mm (3°)	30 mm 20 mm Rear hatch 60 mm (52°) Turret overhang	20 mm (13-15°)
Cupola	60 mm			20 mm

Notes:

• Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick while tracks are 20 mm thick and bogies are 10 mm thick.
• 25 mm RHA plate separates the engine from the crew compartment.
• The Turret ring is 55 mm thick, with an additional 20 mm of armour behind it.

The armour on this version of the ARL-44 is average as the frontal glacis plate can be penetrated by most foes it encounters up close from the front: with 60 mm at 48°, it is similar to a M4A3 (105). With that in mind, this tank should be kept a fair distance from the frontline. In order to put this "Heavy Tank" to good use, it should be angled at about 25° facing towards the enemy. An even better way to maximise its armour is by keeping a hull-down position, using its -10° depression. Turret armour is ~100 mm thick, with a lot of overlapping armour profiles around the mantlet area. With a bit of distance and angle, most rounds will not penetrate, except from tank destroyers with high penetration.

Another thing to consider is this tank's large elevation mechanism, a penetrating shot to the tank's center of mass may damage or disable it, making it very hard to return fire.

Mobility

Speedforward / back

AB40 / 9 km/h

RB and SB38 / 8 km/h

Number of gears6 forward

2 back

Weight47.0 t

Engine power

AB1 145 hp

RB and SB600 hp

Power-to-weight ratio

AB24.4 hp/t

RB and SB12.8 hp/t

Game Mode	Max Speed (km/h)		Weight (tons)	Engine power (horsepower)		Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
	Forward	Reverse		Stock	Upgraded	Stock	Upgraded
Arcade	40	9	47	775	1,145	16.49	24.36
Realistic	38	8		531	600	11.3	12.77

At 47 tons, this is not a light tank, even more so that its tracks have bad ground traction. What saves this vehicle from feeling too slow is its 600 HP engine, capable of maintaining its top speed even when climbing slight hills. Do not expect too much, as this tank is still heavy and sluggish, especially in highly inclined and soft terrains. Don't forget its reverse speed of "only" -7.5 km/h, it won't get you out quickly of the situations so don't over-extend.

Modifications and economy

Repair costBasic → Reference

AB1 315 → 1 626

RB1 348 → 1 667

SB1 766 → 2 184

Total cost of modifications19 800

32 500

Talisman cost980

Crew training13 000

Experts47 000

Aces330

Research Aces280 000

Reward for battleAB / RB / SB

80 / 110 / 120 %

136 / 136 / 136 %

Modifications

Mobility	Protection	Firepower
Tracks Research: 1 300 Cost: 2 100 100 Suspension Research: 1 100 Cost: 1 800 85 Brake System Research: 1 100 Cost: 1 800 85 Filters Research: 1 700 Cost: 2 800 130 Transmission Research: 3 200 Cost: 5 300 240 Engine Research: 3 200 Cost: 5 300 240	Improved Parts Research: 1 300 Cost: 2 100 100 Improved FPE Research: 1 100 Cost: 1 800 85 Crew Replenishment Research: 1 700 Cost: 2 800 130	Horizontal Drive Research: 1 300 Cost: 2 100 100 Adjustment of Fire Research: 1 100 Cost: 1 800 85 Elevation Mechanism Research: 1 700 Cost: 2 800 130

Armaments

Main armament

75 mm SA44 cannon

Ammunition37 rounds

First-order24 rounds

Reloadbasic crew → aces

9.8 → 7.5 s

Vertical guidance-10° / 20°

75 mm SA44					Turret rotation speed (°/s)					Reloading rate (seconds)
Mode	Capacity	Vertical	Horizontal	Stabilizer	Stock	Upgraded	Full	Expert	Aced	Stock	Full	Expert	Aced
Arcade	37	-10°/+20°	±180°	N/A	12.1	16.8	20.4	22.6	24.0	9.75	8.63	7.95	7.50
Realistic					8.9	10.5	12.8	14.1	15.0

Example shot at a KV-1 (L-11) from a distance of 500 m when not angled.

When compared to other Medium or Heavy tanks at the same battle rating, the gun is somewhere in the middle of the group. The standard shell has enough penetration to penetrate all up to the heaviest armour from the front at a distance of 500 m and less when the enemy is not angled. The most notable disadvantage is the lack of an AP shell with an explosive filler meaning it is often needed to shoot and penetrate more than once to destroy a target. The post-penetration damage while quite deadly, can be quite lacklustre if the armour of the target is just thick enough. This will prevent enough shrapnel from being created to critically damage and/or knock out the crew inside an enemy tank.

Ammunition

Penetration statistics
Ammunition	Type of warhead	Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
		10 m	100 m	500 m	1,000 m	1,500 m	2,000 m
OR Mle.44	APCBC	125	122	108	93	80	69
OE Mle.28	HE	14	13	12	11	10	10

Shell details
Ammunition	Type of warhead	Velocity (m/s)	Projectile mass (kg)	Fuse delay (m)	Fuse sensitivity (mm)	Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)	Ricochet
							0%	50%	100%
OR Mle.44	APCBC	715	6.4	-	-	-	48°	63°	71°
OE Mle.28	HE	700	6.44	0.2	0.1	675	79°	80°	81°

Ammo racks

Ammo racks of the ARL-44 (ACL-1)

Full ammo	1st rack empty	2nd rack empty	Visual discrepancy
37	25 (+12)	1 (+36)	No

Notes:

• Rack 2 is a first-stage ammo rack. It totals 24 shells will get replenished over time when not interrupted by firing.
  • The restocking time is longer than the normal reload time of the gun (about 19 seconds). Take this into account when playing.
• Shells are modelled individually and disappear after having being fired or loaded.
• Hull empty: 25 (+12) shells

Machine guns

7.5 mm MAC 31 machine gun (coaxial)

Ammunition5 100 rounds

Belt capacity150 rounds

Reloadbasic crew → aces

6.5 → 5.0 s

Fire rate551 shots/min

7.5 mm MAC 31
Mount	Capacity (Belt)	Fire rate	Vertical	Horizontal
Coaxial	5,100 (150)	551	N/A	N/A

The small calibre of the MAC 31 machine gun makes it largely ineffective against all armoured vehicles but the ones with an open compartment. It still can be used to ping targets as a rangefinding help or to mow down minor obstacles blocking your line of sight.

Usage in battles

Combat tactics

The ARL-44 (ACL-1) is a relatively well armoured vehicle and but should still be played as a support tank. From a distance, take advantage of your armour to shrug enemy fire off while answering with well placed shots. Your frontal glacis and turret armour are strong enough to resist most enemy guns beyond 500 m. But there are weak spots your opponents will prioritize: the front glacis (if not properly angled) and the turret cupola. Refrain from rushing towards the frontline: your sides are weak and your turret traverse speed is slow so avoid close combat. Staying at a distance from the frontline will also prevent from being taken in a pincer move. Your gun has a good penetration power allowing you to stay at a distance but the lack of explosive filler is detrimental to your performance as you'll need two to three shells to take down enemies. Your reload time is a bit longer than most opponents, so aim precisely and make every shot count. Your mobility is rather poor, with a rigid suspension, outdated tracks and a long and cumbersome chassis. Terrain irregularities will make you slow down and hinder your progress. Position your hull carefully when getting to a shooting spot to avoid hull twitching that will impact your targeting process.

Notable enemies

• Tank destroyers with powerful guns that can penetrate you from afar: M10, StuG III F, YaG-10 (29-K), ASU-57, SU-85A, Achilles, Na-To, 90/53 M41M, Breda 501, Pvkv II and Pvkv m/43 (1946). You can add the Pz.IV F2, the Pz.IV G/J to the list as they sport powerful cannons too.
• Tanks firing HEAT shells that can defeat your frontal glacis: 75/34 M43, P40,
• Tanks whose cannon is powerful enough when in close proximity: any M24, any Sherman (M4, M4A1, M4A2, M4A4, M4A5), any T-34 (1941, 1942, 1943, E STz), any KV-2 (1939, 1940, 754), the Chi-Nu and the AMX-13 (FL11).
• Heavy tank able to resist your fire and get close enough to damage you: KV-1S, MK-II "Matilda"

This piece of armour will detonate the shell, leading to the knock out of at least 1 crew member

How to defeat ARL-44 (ACL-1)

• One might assume that the ARL's side armour is also very thick, complex, and hard to penetrate at an angle but the ARL can actually get penetrated frontally even with 3.7 tanks despite the fact that the tracks and hull sides somewhat resemble the structure of a Churchill heavy tank. Behind the track and front sprocket wheel lays an unangled armour of only 50 mm thickness. The effective thickness of all these components combined are no more than 100 mm when aiming from the front. Therefore even a 3.7 tank can shoot at the track and the shell will most certainly go through the frontmost wheel, then penetrate the 50 mm armour, sending shrapnel into the crew compartment with its explosion. Of course, solid shots will not work as good since you are shooting at the very edge of the tank after all, you need explosive filler to knock out the crew who are beside the point of penetration. This weak spot remains small and requires close proximity.

As seen through protection analysis, this weak spot only has an effective thickness of less than 100 mm, meaning almost any tank can reliably penetrate there

• Do not attack the ARL-44 (ACL-1) frontally unless you have enough armour to afford it.
• Sneak around it and target the turret from the back or the side. The ARL-44 (ACL-1) has a slow turret traverse and flat side and rear armour, making it especially vulnerable to flanking.
• If you have no other option than to attack it frontally, blind it with smoke before closing the gap. Target either the turret cupola or the lower part of the front glacis when the ARL-44 (ACL-1) is not angling as they are weak spots.

Pros and cons

Pros:

• Thick side armour enables strong angling
• Complex side armour can negate HEAT round effectiveness
• 5 crew members increase the survivability
• Good mobility for a heavy tank, suited with a powerful engine
• Hull turning is fast due to wide hull
• Potent gun for the battle rating
• -10° of gun depression angle
• By taking 25 rounds of ammunition, the hull is completely empty of shells, increasing survivability.

Cons:

• Large silhouette makes it a priority target
• Many tanks can reliably penetrate its frontal glacis
• Thin roof armour
• Weak 20 mm plate in turret back protects one of the main ammo racks
• Many weak spots in the armour, including shot traps
• Track traction is subpar (pre-war track pattern)
• Slow reverse speed
• No explosive filler in available shells
• Limited ammunition choice
• Longer reload time compared with tanks of the same battle rating
• Large elevation mechanism, often get damaged

History

Development

The ARL-44 (ACL-1) was the initial variant of the ARL-44 in 1944, with a 75 mm SA 44 gun, a 60 mm sloped front plate and an ACL1 turret designed by the shipyard "Ateliers et Chantiers de la Loire". Isolated from the latest evolutions of tank design, the tank was deemed too weak and sent back to the drawing board to equip the tank with better armour and firepower. The design evolved towards the known version of the ARL-44: a 90 mm gun, a Schneider turret and a 120 mm sloped front plate. While 60 ACL1 turrets were ordered, the ARL-44 (ACL-1) never made it past the prototype stage.

Combat usage

The ARL-44 (ACL-1) saw no service or combat action.

Media

Skins

• Skins and camouflages for the ARL-44 (ACL-1) from live.warthunder.com.

Videos

ARL-44 (ACL-1), French, Tier-3, Heavy Tank - Angry Nerd Gaming

See also

Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

• ARL-44

Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

• Churchill III

External links

• [Wikipedia] ARL 44
• [Tanks Encyclopedia] ARL-44
• [Military Factory] ARL 44 Heavy Tank

France heavy tanks
B1	B1 bis · B1 ter
2C	2C · 2C bis
ARL-44	ARL-44 (ACL-1)
AMX-50	Somua SM · AMX-50 Surbaissé · AMX-50 Surblindé
USA	▄M4A3E2