Difference between revisions of "M-51"
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== Description == | == Description == | ||
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --> | <!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --> | ||
| − | + | After the establishment of the Israeli State in 1948, the IDF faced numerous conflicts with various nations, and needed a cheap way to create a capable armoured force. Various modifications of the M4 Sherman had been supplied from France in the 1950s, but these were rather outdated by this point. Thus, the M-50 was developed, combining the chassis of the [[M4A1]] and a 76 mm cannon. However, this proved inadequate against more modern tanks like the T-54/55 that appeared in subsequent years. Consequently, the '''M-51''' was developed, equipped with a 105 mm rifled cannon (the same used by the [[AMX-30]]). The tank saw action during the Yom Kippur War alongside [[Sho't|Centurions]] and [[Magach 1|Patton]] tanks. The M-51, with its HEAT shell, proved more capable against the T-55 and T-62's armour; however, it suffered from poor engine reliability, mediocre off-road mobility, and minimal protection against enemy tanks, ATGMs, or RPGs. Eventually, the tanks were sold to Chile, where they became known as the M-60. | |
| − | + | The M-51, introduced in Update "Wind of Change", boasts a powerful 105 mm cannon; however, unlike other Shermans, it lacks a stabiliser. Its HEAT shell is powerful enough to penetrate virtually every enemy at its BR, even the [[Maus]]. However, this is balanced by limited mobility and extremely weak armour; most times, the vehicle will be destroyed from a single hit. Moreover, its off-road mobility and reverse speed are subpar for its BR, even when compared to heavy tanks. Therefore, it excels in ambushes or a defensive playstyle. Rushing and remaining on the frontlines is ill-advised; instead, adopt a cautious approach and utilise the cover provided by your teammates. | |
== General info == | == General info == | ||
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! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof | ! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | Hull || 63.5 mm (44°) ''Upper glacis'' <br> | + | | Hull || 63.5 mm (44°) ''Upper glacis'' <br> 63.5 mm (cylindrical) ''Transmission housing'' <br> 38.1 mm ''Hull corners'' || 38 mm (2-15°) ''Top'' <br> 38 mm ''Bottom'' || 38 mm (14°) || 63.5 mm (46°) ''Front glacis'' <br> 19.5 mm ''Crew compartment'' <br> 20 mm ''Engine compartment'' <br> 9.5-9.5+4 mm ''Engine vents'' |
|- | |- | ||
| Turret || 55 mm (12°) ''Turret front'' <br> 80 - 250 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 51 mm (10-17°) || 51 mm <br> 51 mm (65°) ''Bustle'' || 25.4 mm | | Turret || 55 mm (12°) ''Turret front'' <br> 80 - 250 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 51 mm (10-17°) || 51 mm <br> 51 mm (65°) ''Bustle'' || 25.4 mm | ||
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Gun accuracy is great even without the gun adjustment upgrade and with zero crew experience, but its vertical elevation speed is awful, and the gun is constantly tilted by changes of movement pace, which makes handling it difficult. This makes personal user skill to fire on move without braking a necessity. | Gun accuracy is great even without the gun adjustment upgrade and with zero crew experience, but its vertical elevation speed is awful, and the gun is constantly tilted by changes of movement pace, which makes handling it difficult. This makes personal user skill to fire on move without braking a necessity. | ||
| − | The only way to reduce the tilt is to upgrade movement modules, as it reduces the tilt threefold. | + | The only way to reduce the tilt is to upgrade movement modules, as it reduces the tilt threefold. Due to the low gun elevation speed, the elevation mechanism upgrade is a must have, and it is generally a good idea to pull the gun up before charging downhill, as to not disarm the tank in process, particularly at low crew level. |
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%" | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%" | ||
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==== Ammunition ==== | ==== Ammunition ==== | ||
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HEAT shells destroy any tank regardless of its armour. They can be used at point blank range to knock out [[Panther tank (Family)|Panthers]] with a single shot by hitting their hull straight to the middle. They can also be used in typical HEAT fashion to bombard any enemy 600 m away over a hill, even without direct sight - returned APHE fire will not hit the tank back, since it's generally a bit faster, and even if there is an artillery genius on the other side, the gun mask should be able to handle it. | HEAT shells destroy any tank regardless of its armour. They can be used at point blank range to knock out [[Panther tank (Family)|Panthers]] with a single shot by hitting their hull straight to the middle. They can also be used in typical HEAT fashion to bombard any enemy 600 m away over a hill, even without direct sight - returned APHE fire will not hit the tank back, since it's generally a bit faster, and even if there is an artillery genius on the other side, the gun mask should be able to handle it. | ||
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== History == | == History == | ||
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --> | <!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --> | ||
| − | + | The M-51 was developed from an M-50 tank, whose project started in 1954 after Israel bought several AMX-13 tanks from France, although their armour protection was deemed inadequate. Israel purchased a number of 75 mm guns in order to fit them onto M4 Sherman hulls, as they constituted the backbone of the IDF tank force at that time. In 1955, a prototype turret was sent from France to Israel, and Israeli Ordnance Corps military facilities began to up-gun the Sherman tanks with the French guns. The first 50 M-50 tanks were based on an M4A4 hull with a Continental R-975 gasoline engine and VVSS suspension. However, the increased weight and narrow tracks of the tank led to poor off-road mobility, so the rest of the M-50s used M4A1 hulls with HVSS suspension and a Cummins VT-8-460 diesel engine instead. In total, about 300 M-50 Shermans were built by 1964. | |
| + | |||
| + | In the 1960s, 180 M-50 Shermans were fitted with a shortened French 105 mm Modèle F1 gun with a barrel shortened to 51 calibres from the original 56. It was also equipped with a unique double-baffle muzzle brake and ammunition had to be altered to use a smaller cartridge. M4A1 hulls and T23 turrets from 76 mm gun-armed Shermans were used for the conversion. Both the M-50 and M-51 saw action during the Six-Day War, fighting WWII-era armour such as the T-34-85 of the Egyptian Army and newer tanks like the T-54/T-55 and T-62 series. The tanks saw action also in the 1973 Yom Kippur War alongside Israeli-upgraded Centurion and M48/M60 tanks. The M-51's gun was capable of penetrating its adversaries thanks to HEAT ammunition. M-50s with diesel engines and M-51s were retired between the 1970s and 1980s. | ||
| + | |||
| + | About 150 M-51 tanks were sold to Chile in the early 1980s. In Chile, they were equipped with new FCS (fire control systems) called MSZ-2 from Elop of Israel, which consisted of new vision systems for the commander and gunner plus a laser rangefinder. These tanks were in service until 2006 when they were replaced by the new Dutch Leopard 1V. | ||
== Media == | == Media == | ||
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;Skins | ;Skins | ||
| + | |||
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=il_m_51 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.] | * [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=il_m_51 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.] | ||
;Videos | ;Videos | ||
| − | {{Youtube-gallery|MjrWPIFOiBA|'''M-51 | + | {{Youtube-gallery|MjrWPIFOiBA|'''M-51 "Super Sherman", Israeli, Tier-4, Medium Tank''' - ''Angry Nerd Gaming''}} |
== See also == | == See also == | ||
Latest revision as of 12:46, 16 November 2024
| This page is about the Israeli medium tank M-51. For the premium version, see M-51 (W). |
Contents
Description
After the establishment of the Israeli State in 1948, the IDF faced numerous conflicts with various nations, and needed a cheap way to create a capable armoured force. Various modifications of the M4 Sherman had been supplied from France in the 1950s, but these were rather outdated by this point. Thus, the M-50 was developed, combining the chassis of the M4A1 and a 76 mm cannon. However, this proved inadequate against more modern tanks like the T-54/55 that appeared in subsequent years. Consequently, the M-51 was developed, equipped with a 105 mm rifled cannon (the same used by the AMX-30). The tank saw action during the Yom Kippur War alongside Centurions and Patton tanks. The M-51, with its HEAT shell, proved more capable against the T-55 and T-62's armour; however, it suffered from poor engine reliability, mediocre off-road mobility, and minimal protection against enemy tanks, ATGMs, or RPGs. Eventually, the tanks were sold to Chile, where they became known as the M-60.
The M-51, introduced in Update "Wind of Change", boasts a powerful 105 mm cannon; however, unlike other Shermans, it lacks a stabiliser. Its HEAT shell is powerful enough to penetrate virtually every enemy at its BR, even the Maus. However, this is balanced by limited mobility and extremely weak armour; most times, the vehicle will be destroyed from a single hit. Moreover, its off-road mobility and reverse speed are subpar for its BR, even when compared to heavy tanks. Therefore, it excels in ambushes or a defensive playstyle. Rushing and remaining on the frontlines is ill-advised; instead, adopt a cautious approach and utilise the cover provided by your teammates.
General info
Survivability and armour
The hull armour is mostly inadequate. Almost every popular tank in the BR range can penetrate the tank's front with ease even when it is presented at an extreme angle, short of light tanks and SPAAs. Still, frontal armour can protect the tank from bombs and rockets. The side armour is quite weak and is arguable the weakest part of the tank, as even SPAA can penetrate it at various angles. The rear is technically the best protected side when it comes to hopeless situations - if the opponent hits too high, then shell bounces into tough turret and does nothing; if opponent hits too low, then engine might stop the shell. Unfortunately, tank's awful reverse speed does not allow it to charge with rear forward, so it can only be used defensively.
The turret armour is bad and good. Turret sides are unlikely to protect from anything but 20 mm SPAA, but the front is decent. The gun mantlet actually allows the turret to deflect stray shots and can allow the tank to fight in hulldown position, but the turret's top is not cut off on the "mask" level, but higher. The actual roof is connected to it with 26 mm RHA plate, which is not even angled enough to bounce shells in the first place, and most of opponents in tank's rank are either extremely tall, have angle negating shells, or both. Because of this, if the M-51 is charging into high ground, it is easily destroyed before it can even fire, especially in AB. By keeping distance and vertical angle, the tank can reduce the probability of being penetrated.
Armour type:
- Rolled homogeneous armour (hull side bottom, hull roof - engine)
- Cast homogeneous armour (hull, turret, cupola)
| Armour | Front (Slope angle) | Sides | Rear | Roof |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hull | 63.5 mm (44°) Upper glacis 63.5 mm (cylindrical) Transmission housing 38.1 mm Hull corners |
38 mm (2-15°) Top 38 mm Bottom |
38 mm (14°) | 63.5 mm (46°) Front glacis 19.5 mm Crew compartment 20 mm Engine compartment 9.5-9.5+4 mm Engine vents |
| Turret | 55 mm (12°) Turret front 80 - 250 mm Gun mantlet |
51 mm (10-17°) | 51 mm 51 mm (65°) Bustle |
25.4 mm |
| Cupola | 63.5 mm (cylindrical) | 25.4 mm | ||
Notes:
- Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick, tracks are 20 mm thick, and torsion bars are 10 mm thick.
Mobility
Without upgrades, even in AB the tank will never be able to take initiative from opponents, as it accelerates poorly and loses a lot of momentum when turning at low/zero crew level - opponents will always be first to the capture point and almost always will react faster in combat.
With all the upgrades, it is still slower than most of other tanks, but it will feel far less clunky to drive and will more often reach maximum speed. It will also accelerate surprisingly fast, for how it performed before.
Remember, the reverse speed on this tank is only 3-5 km/h, combined with poor hull plating it requires the commander to make decisions count, or to not rely on mobility at all.
| Game Mode | Max Speed (km/h) | Weight (tons) | Engine power (horsepower) | Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Forward | Reverse | Stock | Upgraded | Stock | Upgraded | ||
| Arcade | 43 | 6 | 40 | 713 | 878 | 17.83 | 21.95 |
| Realistic | 38 | 5 | 407 | 460 | 10.18 | 11.5 | |
Modifications and economy
| Mobility | Protection | Firepower | ||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
Armaments
Main armament
The gun fires HEAT and HE with characteristics typical of a rank IV SPG, but its velocity is very close to the default APHE (usually a bit slower), which makes learning curve less strict than it normally is. The tank is also reasonably tall, so HEAT does not lose a lot of power like with the SPG of the rank, which struggle with heavy tanks due to an insane angle of attack.
Gun accuracy is great even without the gun adjustment upgrade and with zero crew experience, but its vertical elevation speed is awful, and the gun is constantly tilted by changes of movement pace, which makes handling it difficult. This makes personal user skill to fire on move without braking a necessity.
The only way to reduce the tilt is to upgrade movement modules, as it reduces the tilt threefold. Due to the low gun elevation speed, the elevation mechanism upgrade is a must have, and it is generally a good idea to pull the gun up before charging downhill, as to not disarm the tank in process, particularly at low crew level.
| 105 mm M-51 | Turret rotation speed (°/s) | Reloading rate (seconds) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mode | Capacity | Vertical | Horizontal | Stabilizer | Stock | Upgraded | Full | Expert | Aced | Stock | Full | Expert | Aced |
| Arcade | 56 | -8°/+20° | ±180° | N/A | 22.8 | 31.6 | 38.4 | 42.5 | 45.2 | 9.75 | 8.63 | 7.95 | 7.50 |
| Realistic | 14.3 | 16.8 | 20.4 | 22.6 | 24.0 | ||||||||
Ammunition
| Penetration statistics | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammunition | Type of warhead |
Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm) | |||||
| 10 m | 100 m | 500 m | 1,000 m | 1,500 m | 2,000 m | ||
| OCC 105 F1 | HEAT | 400 | 400 | 400 | 400 | 400 | 400 |
| OE 105 F1 Mle.60 | HE | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 |
| Shell details | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammunition | Type of warhead |
Velocity (m/s) |
Projectile mass (kg) |
Fuse delay (m) |
Fuse sensitivity (mm) |
Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (kg) |
Ricochet | |||||
| 0% | 50% | 100% | ||||||||||
| OCC 105 F1 | HEAT | 800 | 10.95 | 0.05 | 0.1 | 1.02 | 62° | 69° | 73° | |||
| OE 105 F1 Mle.60 | HE | 800 | 12.1 | 0 | 0.1 | 2 | 79° | 80° | 81° | |||
| Smoke shell characteristics | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammunition | Velocity (m/s) |
Projectile mass (kg) |
Screen radius (m) |
Screen deploy time (s) |
Screen hold time (s) |
Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g) |
| OFPH 105 F1 | 600 | 11.4 | 20 | 5 | 25 | 50 |
HEAT shells destroy any tank regardless of its armour. They can be used at point blank range to knock out Panthers with a single shot by hitting their hull straight to the middle. They can also be used in typical HEAT fashion to bombard any enemy 600 m away over a hill, even without direct sight - returned APHE fire will not hit the tank back, since it's generally a bit faster, and even if there is an artillery genius on the other side, the gun mask should be able to handle it.
The HE shell is nice to have. Even if it's difficult to memorize which tank's roofs it can penetrate, the HE can be used to bully sneaky light tanks and beat certain SPGs like the Type 75 SPH.
Ammo racks
| Full ammo |
1st rack empty |
2nd rack empty |
3rd rack empty |
4th rack empty |
Visual discrepancy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 56 | 33 (+23) | 9 (+47) | 4 (+52) | 1 (+55) | No |
Machine guns
| 7.62 mm M1919A4 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mount | Capacity (Belt) | Fire rate | Vertical | Horizontal |
| Pintle | 750 (250) | 500 | -10°/+60° | ±180° |
| Coaxial | 4,750 (250) | 500 | N/A | N/A |
Usage in battles
The M-51 has poor armour for its BR, which is why you should never get into a brawl. Even though the overall armour might not be suited for close-range engagements, the hull armour is kind of decent at long ranges but is really good against bombs and rockets. Pick off targets from long range and avoid being spotted so do not hang around in one spot for too long. Your eather thin armour means that you cannot risk taking even a single hit especially from the side as you will be destroyed instantly. Aerial opponents are also a threat.
- Enemies worth noting
- Panther D - If the Panther presents its front, then shoot the left side of the mantlet where the gunner and the commander sits, which will effectively disable it. You can then try and shoot the front to knock out the rest of the crew.
- IS-2 - This Soviet tank has better armour than you but your excellent 105 mm gun with HEAT shells should have no problem penetrating it. However, you must make sure that you shoot first to disable its gunner. Shoot at the turret if the IS-2 is presenting its front. The IS-2 has poor gun depression which can be used against it on hilly maps when it attempts to climb up a hill.
Pros and cons
Pros:
- 400 mm penetration HEAT launcher is a death sentence for any tank
- Gun mantlet can block or bounce inaccurate shots, decent for hulldown tactics
- The gun is reasonably accurate even when stock and with untrained crew
- There are three of them, which means you only have to pay for the repair once (there are also free repairs several times)
- Gun scope has great zoom
- Decent gun depression
Cons:
- Very bouncy gun; paired with the poor vertical gun elevation speed any panic on commander's side is fatal
- HEAT rounds are highly unreliable with mostly poor post-penetration damage
- No .50 cal heavy machine gun
- Fire-on-the-move techniques take time to be fully mastered
- Turret armour has a fatal flaw which makes it weak when charging into high ground (or in general against good snipers in AB)
- The hull armour offers little protection at the rank, giving the vehicle a low survivability
- When initially unlocked, must be used with a level 1 crew with no expert training against elite crews of other nations - very high personal skill requirement or patience strain
History
The M-51 was developed from an M-50 tank, whose project started in 1954 after Israel bought several AMX-13 tanks from France, although their armour protection was deemed inadequate. Israel purchased a number of 75 mm guns in order to fit them onto M4 Sherman hulls, as they constituted the backbone of the IDF tank force at that time. In 1955, a prototype turret was sent from France to Israel, and Israeli Ordnance Corps military facilities began to up-gun the Sherman tanks with the French guns. The first 50 M-50 tanks were based on an M4A4 hull with a Continental R-975 gasoline engine and VVSS suspension. However, the increased weight and narrow tracks of the tank led to poor off-road mobility, so the rest of the M-50s used M4A1 hulls with HVSS suspension and a Cummins VT-8-460 diesel engine instead. In total, about 300 M-50 Shermans were built by 1964.
In the 1960s, 180 M-50 Shermans were fitted with a shortened French 105 mm Modèle F1 gun with a barrel shortened to 51 calibres from the original 56. It was also equipped with a unique double-baffle muzzle brake and ammunition had to be altered to use a smaller cartridge. M4A1 hulls and T23 turrets from 76 mm gun-armed Shermans were used for the conversion. Both the M-50 and M-51 saw action during the Six-Day War, fighting WWII-era armour such as the T-34-85 of the Egyptian Army and newer tanks like the T-54/T-55 and T-62 series. The tanks saw action also in the 1973 Yom Kippur War alongside Israeli-upgraded Centurion and M48/M60 tanks. The M-51's gun was capable of penetrating its adversaries thanks to HEAT ammunition. M-50s with diesel engines and M-51s were retired between the 1970s and 1980s.
About 150 M-51 tanks were sold to Chile in the early 1980s. In Chile, they were equipped with new FCS (fire control systems) called MSZ-2 from Elop of Israel, which consisted of new vision systems for the commander and gunner plus a laser rangefinder. These tanks were in service until 2006 when they were replaced by the new Dutch Leopard 1V.
Media
- Skins
- Videos
See also
External links
Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:
- topic on the official game forum;
- other literature.
| Israeli Ordnance Corps (חיל החימוש) | |
|---|---|
| Medium Tanks | M-51 · M-51 (W) |
| MBTs | |
| Magach | Magach 1 · Magach 2 · Magach 3 · Magach 3 (ERA) · ▃Magach 3 (ERA) · Magach 5 |
| Magach 6 · Magach 6A · Magach 6B · Magach 6C · Magach 6R · Magach 6M · Gal Batash | |
| Sho't | Sho't · Sho't Kal Alef · Sho't Kal Gimel · Sho't Kal Dalet · ▄Sho't Kal Dalet |
| Tiran | Tiran 4 · Tiran 4S |
| Merkava | ▃Merkava Mk.1 · Merkava Mk.1B · Merkava Mk.2B · ▃Merkava Mk.2B · Merkava Mk.2D |
| Merkava Mk.3B · Merkava Mk.3C · ▃Merkava Mk.3D · Merkava Mk.4B · Merkava Mk.4M | |
| Tank destroyers | Zachlam Tager |
| See Also | Chrysler Defense · Department of Tank Design · Morozov Design Bureau |
| Israel medium tanks | |
|---|---|
| M-51 | M-51 · M-51 (W) |
| Magach | Magach 1 · Magach 2 · Magach 3 · Magach 3 (ERA) · Magach 5 · Magach 6 |
| Magach 6A · Magach 6B · Magach 6B Gal · Gal Batash · Magach 6C · Magach 6M · Magach 6R · Magach Hydra · Magach 7C | |
| Tiran | Tiran 4 · Tiran 4S · Tiran 6 |
| Sho't | Sho't · Sho't Kal Alef · Sho't Kal Gimel · Sho't Kal Dalet |
| Merkava | Merkava Mk.1B · Merkava Mk.2B · Merkava Mk.2D · Merkava Mk.3B · Merkava Mk.3C · Ra'am Sagol |
| Merkava Mk.4B · Merkava Mk.4M · Merkava Mk.4 LIC | |
