Difference between revisions of "USS Arizona"
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{{Specs-Card | {{Specs-Card | ||
|code=us_battleship_arizona_1931 | |code=us_battleship_arizona_1931 | ||
| − | |images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}} | + | |images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}} |
}} | }} | ||
== Description == | == Description == | ||
<!-- ''In the first part of the description, cover the history of the ship's creation and military application. In the second part, tell the reader about using this ship in the game. Add a screenshot: if a beginner player has a hard time remembering vehicles by name, a picture will help them identify the ship in question.'' --> | <!-- ''In the first part of the description, cover the history of the ship's creation and military application. In the second part, tell the reader about using this ship in the game. Add a screenshot: if a beginner player has a hard time remembering vehicles by name, a picture will help them identify the ship in question.'' --> | ||
| − | The '''{{Specs|name}}''' | + | The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was one of the two Pennsylvania-class battleships built for the US Navy, laid down in 1914 and commissioned in late 1916. She saw only stateside service during hostilities in the First World War, but notably escorted President Woodrow Wilson on his way to the Paris Peace Conference at the end of the war. She then mostly served in a training capacity until the beginning of the American involvement in WW2, where she was tragically sunk in a massive explosion, and still lies in Pearl Harbor today. |
| + | |||
| + | She was introduced in [[Update "Wind of Change"]], and gains an extra two guns to her main battery compared to the preceding [[USS Nevada]]. In exchange, as she is in her 1938 refit, and as such has less secondary and anti-aircraft capability in comparison to the 1944 refit of Nevada. That firepower comes with an extremely long reload of 40 seconds; splitting the battery is a necessity when engaging multiple enemies. | ||
== General info == | == General info == | ||
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{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}} | {{Specs-Fleet-Armour}} | ||
<!-- ''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.'' --> | <!-- ''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.'' --> | ||
| − | + | The USS Arizona, like other American Standard-type battleships, is a very well-armoured battleship. Like other American battleships, she was designed to be able to resist her own {{Annotation|14-inch|356 mm}} guns at expected battle ranges. This gives her a main armour belt of {{Annotation|13.5 inches|343 mm}}, one of the thickest in-game. The only ship with a thicker main belt currently is [[SMS Bayern]] with a thickness of {{Annotation|13.77 inches|350 mm}}. Keep in mind that "expected battle ranges" as designed were in excess of 9 km, but captains of USS Arizona can expect much shorter range engagements on the seas of War Thunder regularly. The belt gets progressively thinner the further underwater it is, from {{Annotation|13.5 inches|343 mm}} above the waterline, to {{Annotation|8 inches|203 mm}} a little under the waterline and then {{Annotation|3 inches|76.2 mm}} well below the waterline. | |
| + | |||
| + | USS Arizona is in her 1938 refit and therefore has underwater torpedo bulges which can defeat warheads of up to 250 kg TNT equivalent. This will totally defeat American torpedoes such as the [[Mk.15 (533 mm)|Mk.15]] and soften the blow from heavier torpedoes such as the [[G7a (533 mm)|G7a]], but hits from the Japanese [[Type 93 Model 3 (610 mm)|Type 93]] torpedo will usually instantly result in either critical damage or a lost ship. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The turrets are the most well-armoured turrets in the game, with angled {{Annotation|18-inch|457.2 mm}} plates on the turret faces, {{Annotation|9 inches|228.6 mm}} on the sides and {{Annotation|13 inches|330 mm}} on the barbettes. That being said, the turret roofs only have a relatively thin {{Annotation|5 inches|127 mm}} of armour, which could be vulnerable to plunging fire at long range, especially from ships with powerful SAP shells such as [[SMS Bayern]] or [[HMS Hood]]. The conning tower has {{Annotation|16 inches|406 mm}} of armour and even the lower part of the smoke funnel has {{Annotation|15 inches|381 mm}} at its thickest point. The citadel has two layers of armour for its roof, one of {{Annotation|4.25 inches|107.95 mm}} and another {{Annotation|inch|25.4 mm}} beneath the main citadel roof armour. The fore and aft bulkheads on the vessel are both {{Annotation|13 inches|330 mm}} when above the waterline and {{Annotation|8 inches|203 mm}} beneath. | ||
| + | |||
| + | USS Arizona is the first ship in War Thunder to use the "all or nothing" armour scheme. This armour philosophy brings the maximum armour to bear where it is needed, for example, the citadel. This is perfect for fighting enemy capital ships at range, as AP shells will pass through areas without armour without fusing, and allows for thicker armour over vital sections of the ship. However, keep in mind that this also makes the unprotected areas of the ship vulnerable to taking damage from smaller ships. These components may not be vital, but some crew still resides in these areas and constant repairing will still bleed the Arizona of crew. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The magazines are also positioned somewhat poorly and are located just below the waterline and against the exterior of the hull. This means that Arizona can be quite prone to ammo rack detonation compared to other battleships. This is especially true for torpedoes that exceed the protection of USS Arizona's 250 kg of torpedo protection. Be aware of any torpedoes, and if unavoidable, attempt to "eat" the torpedo amidships instead of under the turrets. | ||
| + | |||
| + | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| + | ! Armour !! Front !! Side !! Rear !! Deck/Roof | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Turret || 457.2 mm || 254 mm ''(Front half)'' <br> 228.6 mm ''(Rear half)'' || 228.6 mm || 127 mm | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Barbette || colspan="3" | 330 mm | ||
| + | ! | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Citadel || 330 mm ''(Upper)'' <br> 203 mm ''(Lower)'' || 343 mm ''(Upper)'' <br> 203 mm ''(Lower)'' || 330 mm ''(Upper)'' <br> 203 mm ''(Lower)'' || 107.95 mm ''(Upper)'' <br> 25.4 mm ''(Lower)'' | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Bridge || colspan="3" | 406 mm | ||
| + | ! | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |} | ||
| + | |||
| + | Both the forward and aft magazines are located inside the large, expansive citadel. | ||
=== Mobility === | === Mobility === | ||
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}} | {{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}} | ||
<!-- ''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.'' --> | <!-- ''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.'' --> | ||
| − | + | The USS Arizona is part of the American Standard-type of battleship. One of the design specifications for every Standard battleship was similar turning circles and a specified maximum speed of {{Annotation|21.0 kn|39 km/h;24.2 mph}}. This, of course, was slightly reduced over time as Arizona underwent refits and gained extra displacement. In her 1938 refit, captains of USS Arizona can expect to reach {{Annotation|20.7 kn|38 km/h;23.8 mph}}, which is typical for a battleship of her era. Battlecruisers such as [[HMS Hood]] or [[Scharnhorst]] will be quite a bit faster, but most battleships will roughly match the Arizona's pace. Captains of Arizona should not expect to make it to the capture point regularly, and will need to rely on the floatplane if speed is required. As for the turning circle, the Arizona will perform similarly to the preceding [[USS Wyoming]], with a relatively quick response to the rudder but poor sustained turn. Arizona also has a tendency to reverse its turn slightly when the rudder is released, so small inputs may be necessary to keep the bow on course. | |
{{NavalMobility}} | {{NavalMobility}} | ||
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{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}} | {{Specs-Fleet-Primary}} | ||
<!-- ''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.'' --> | <!-- ''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.'' --> | ||
| − | {{main|14 inch/45 Mk.8 ( | + | {{main|14 inch/45 Mk.8 (356 mm)}} |
| − | ' | + | The USS Arizona has 12 x {{Annotation|14-inch|356 mm}} main cannons, split into 4 x triple mounts, two fore, two aft. The turrets are extremely slow, with a maximum traverse rate of 2°/second. The Pennsylvania-class was one of the US Navy's earlier forays into triple turrets, and the 356 mm guns were placed too close together. This complicated loading and led to longer than preferable loading times, along with issues with accuracy that led to changes to the timing of the firing of the guns. In War Thunder, this gives the USS Arizona a maximum reload time of 40 seconds with an aced crew. This is longer than the preceding [[USS Wyoming]] and much longer than ships such as the [[Scharnhorst]] or [[Kronshtadt]]. This does come with an appreciable increase in firepower over the American battleships previously armed with {{Annotation|12-inch|305 mm}} guns, but it is definitely a weak point compared to other nation's high ranking vessels. |
| + | |||
| + | Arizona has access to two shell types: the 14-inch Mk.9 HE shell, and the {{Annotation|14-inch|356 mm}} Mk. 8 APCBC. The Arizona gets no access to any other types of shells, and notably is missing SAP shells. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The filler of the Mk.9 HE, at 46.67 kg TNT equivalent is the best currently in the American tech tree, with 13 kg more explosive mass than Wyoming's 12-inch HE. It will cause flooding and fire on any lightly-armoured ship taking a hit, especially considering that the Arizona has a 12-gun broadside, the damage will often be severe enough from a concentrated salvo for many smaller destroyers and sometimes even some light cruisers to commonly roll over and capsize after a hit from Arizona. Bear in mind however that American ammo has historically contained less filler than other nations' navies. While containing more filler than the Japanese and German 305 mm shells, it does not compare favourably even against the 305 mm shells on the [[Parizhskaya kommuna]], let alone against the monstrous 88.11 kg explosive mass found on the {{Annotation|13.5-inch|343 mm}} shells of the [[HMS Marlborough]]. Compared to the other battleships in the American tree however, Arizona still comes out the clear victor. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The AP shell has an impressive penetration with 637 mm at 1 km and 444 mm at 10 km, and the filler is up roughly 4 kg from the 356 mm AP shells. This will be the main shell when engaging enemy capital ships, and especially enemy battleships. With high penetration and decent filler, few battleships can take concentrated hits from USS Arizona unscathed. It is recommended to aim for magazines, engines, shell magazines and other essential components of the enemy ships. Magazine hits in particular should be the goal for captains of Arizona, as while the filler is certainly higher than the {{Annotation|12-inch|305 mm}} AP shells found on preceding ships, it still will not reliably dispatch large amounts of crew in the same way that SAP shells may. This shell is not suited for firing upon lightly-armoured ships, as it has such high penetration that it will more often than not fly through the entire ship and explode in the open, instead of inside the enemy ship as intended. Anything smaller than a heavy cruiser will most likely be effectively dealt with using the Mk.9 HE shell instead. | ||
| + | |||
| + | {{:14 inch/45 Mk.8 (356 mm)/Ammunition|14 inch Mk.9 HE, 14 inch Mk.8 APCBC}} | ||
=== Secondary armament === | === Secondary armament === | ||
| Line 38: | Line 73: | ||
{{main|5 inch/51 Mk.7 (127 mm)}} | {{main|5 inch/51 Mk.7 (127 mm)}} | ||
| − | ' | + | USS Arizona has a secondary battery consisting of 12 x {{Annotation|5-inch|127 mm}} casemate single-mount guns. They're arranged 6 per side and add a small but noticeable degree of firepower when dealing with smaller vessels, usually PT boats up to light cruisers. |
| + | |||
| + | The guns have a maximum reload of 6.7 seconds with an aced crew, and are especially helpful to make up for the long time between reloads of the main battery. It is recommended to fire the APC shell, as it contains only 10 grams less explosive mass for almost 80 additional mm of pen, a very worthy trade. Captains of the USS Arizona are advised to use the "main and auxiliary calibre shooting with one button" control, as without this fire from the secondary battery will be much less accurate. | ||
| + | |||
| + | {{:5 inch/51 Mk.7 (127 mm)/Ammunition|5-inch Mk.15 common, 5 inch APC}} | ||
=== Anti-aircraft armament === | === Anti-aircraft armament === | ||
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{{main|5 inch/25 Mk.11 (127 mm)|AN-M2 (12.7 mm)}} | {{main|5 inch/25 Mk.11 (127 mm)|AN-M2 (12.7 mm)}} | ||
| − | ' | + | USS Arizona's AA defence consists of a battery of 8 x 5 inch/25 (127mm) guns firing HE-TF shells and 8 x 12.7 mm AN/M2 machine guns. The 5 inch battery will be the main defence for the ship, as the machine guns have such a short effective range that the enemy aircraft will most likely have already dropped its ordnance before they begin firing at it. As the Arizona is in a pre-war refit, she does not have access to the highly effective HE-VT shells that made an appearance during WW2. The HE-TF shells can still be effective, but are highly reliant on the crew setting the proper fuse distance on the shells. It is recommended to research the "Anti-air Armament Traverse" modification to improve the speed at which your anti-aircraft can get on target, and increase the crew level of your "AAA calibre reload speed", "AAA gunner accuracy", and "Distance fuse set accuracy" to gain the best results. Captains of the USS Arizona should not expect to swat planes out of the sky like in other ships such as the [[USS Alaska]] with its fearsome AA battery, but with these modules and crew upgrades unlocked most aircraft that spend too long near Arizona will be damaged if not destroyed. |
=== Scout plane === | === Scout plane === | ||
| − | {{ | + | {{Specs-Fleet-Plane}} |
== Usage in battles == | == Usage in battles == | ||
<!-- ''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --> | <!-- ''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --> | ||
| − | + | ||
| + | The USS Arizona plays similar to most other battleships that are currently in-game, with one major caveat: the reload time. It is substantially longer at 1.5 rounds per minute compared to the average for battleships of around 2 RPM without an increase of firepower over other Battleships. Even with an ace crew, the crew will still take 40 seconds to reload the main guns. So while sailing out the USS Arizona, be conscious of the reload state and maintain a higher than usual awareness of threats. Ships with a fast reload such as [[Parizhskaya kommuna]], [[SMS Bayern]], and especially ships such as [[Kronshtadt]], [[USS Alaska]] and [[Scharnhorst]] should be priority targets for captains of the Arizona. All will easily beat the reload rate of USS Arizona, and the last three of the ships mentioned all at least have double the rate of fire, and will quickly deal damage if the captain of USS Arizona is unprepared to deal with the situation. It should also be noted that the reload penalty while repairing can severely reduce the already pitiful rate of fire, so perhaps refrain from initiating a repair right before firing. | ||
| + | |||
| + | For dealing with smaller targets, binding the "ranging shot" control helps immensely, allowing you to fire one turret at a time instead of firing an entire salvo at a singular target. HE is recommended for lightly-armoured targets ranging from destroyers to light cruisers, as AP will simply over-penetrate and do little to no damage. The HE can cause holes and massive flooding on lightly-armoured ships and can help to more easily dispatch of enemy vessels. Arizona certainly does the most damage out of any of the American battleships if the shots land, but will be held back with the lack of SAP shells and fire-rate. The speed of the ship is average compared to other battleships of the Dreadnought era at {{Annotation|21 knots|39 km/h}}, but on maps with capture zones, she will struggle to make it to capture points before the game is decided most of the time, therefore the floatplane can be utilized to capture objectives once unlocked, as it can make or break a match. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The strategy of sitting close to still for more stable shots like in other battleships is still good for dealing precise blows to the enemy, but torpedoes are still a large threat, as your bulges cannot reliably deal with high-end torpedoes such as the [[Type 93 Model 3 (610 mm)|Type 93 ''Long Lance'']], which can sink the whole ship with a single torpedo depending on where it strikes. Simply reducing speed is preferred, as it's still relatively stable while not being a sitting duck. | ||
=== Pros and cons === | === Pros and cons === | ||
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --> | <!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --> | ||
| − | |||
'''Pros:''' | '''Pros:''' | ||
| − | * | + | |
| + | * Heavy armour over the most critical modules | ||
| + | * Torpedo bulges | ||
| + | * Good penetration on armour-piercing rounds | ||
'''Cons:''' | '''Cons:''' | ||
| − | * | + | |
| + | * Lacking armour for secondary battery | ||
| + | * Extremely slow turret traverse | ||
| + | * Slow main battery reload | ||
| + | * Lacklustre high-explosive ammunition; no SAP rounds | ||
== History == | == History == | ||
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --> | <!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --> | ||
| − | ' | + | Constructed by the Brooklyn Navy Yard, USS Arizona was laid down in March of 1914 shortly before the beginning of hostilities in Europe. Part of the Pennsylvania-class, this was the United States' second generation of super-dreadnought. This class continued several of the advances made by the preceding Nevada-class, with some notable exceptions. Both ships would use geared turbines, and instead of an arrangement of double and triple mounts for the {{Annotation|14-inch|356 mm}} battery, USS Arizona would have 4 triple gun mounts. In addition the Pennsylvania-class would continue the use of oil-firing boilers, which had been shown to drastically increase both range and underwater protection as the threat from torpedo boats (which would later become destroyers) grew during the early 20th century. She would be the only approved battleship for the fiscal year 1914 and the newest American capital ship when the United States would enter the war in 1917. |
| + | |||
| + | USS Arizona would see limited service in the First World War, being kept based in the United States due to an oil shortage in the United Kingdom, only being sent to Europe after the armistice was signed. During 1921 and 1922, she took part in a mission to Peru and was then transferred to the Pacific Fleet. She would be given an extensive modernization from 1929 to 1931, notably gaining more anti-aircraft guns and torpedo bulges, increasing her survivability. Her machinery spaces were also improved, allowing for the ship to stay close to the design speed of {{Annotation|21.0 kn|39 km/h;24.2 mph}} even with the additional displacement added. After the beginning of hostilities in Europe in 1939, and with rising tensions in the Pacific she was sent with the rest of the Pacific Fleet to Hawaii where she would be tragically be sunk in a massive explosion during the Attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941. She still lies there today. | ||
| + | |||
| + | === [[wt:en/news/7563-development-uss-arizona-bb-39-all-or-nothing-en|Devblog]] === | ||
| + | After the design of the preceding Nevada-class battleships that employed the novel "all or nothing" armour scheme, the Navy sought a slightly larger, improved design to be ordered for construction in the fiscal year of 1913. As such, the Bureau for Construction & Repair came up with a number of design sketches to satisfy the Navy's requirement. | ||
| + | |||
| + | In April 1912, the final design of what was to become the Pennsylvania class was chosen with further work on refining the design continuing until September. The decision to order the design into construction was met with some political opposition over concerns that the design was too weak and expensive. Nonetheless, the class was approved for construction, with USS Pennsylvania being ordered in August 1912 while its sistership USS Arizona followed suit in March 1913. | ||
| + | |||
| + | USS Arizona was laid down in March 1914, launched in June 1915 and commissioned in October 1916. Due to oil shortages in Europe at the time, the ship didn't take part in hostilities during WWI, but instead escorted the American president Woodrow Wilson on his trip to Brest for the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 along with other warships. Subsequently, both Arizona and its sistership were transferred to the Pacific Fleet, undergoing substantial modernization in 1929 through 1931. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Throughout the 1930s, both ships took part in regular fleet exercises. However, during the Attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941, USS Arizona was sunk following a catastrophic explosion of her fore magazines, after an aerial bomb managed to penetrate the ship's deck. | ||
== Media == | == Media == | ||
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --> | <!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --> | ||
| − | '' | + | |
| + | ;Skins | ||
| + | |||
| + | * [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=us_battleship_arizona_1931 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ;Videos | ||
| + | {{Youtube-gallery|6kUe7pdqCC0|'''Best Battleships''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 05:31 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}} | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
| Line 77: | Line 144: | ||
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --> | * ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --> | ||
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:'' | ''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:'' | ||
| + | |||
* ''reference to the series of the ship;'' | * ''reference to the series of the ship;'' | ||
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' | * ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' | ||
| Line 84: | Line 152: | ||
* ''topic on the official game forum;'' | * ''topic on the official game forum;'' | ||
* ''other literature.'' --> | * ''other literature.'' --> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| + | * [[wt:en/news/7563-development-uss-arizona-bb-39-all-or-nothing-en|USS Arizona (BB-39): All or Nothing!]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | {{ShipManufacturer Brooklyn Navy Yard}} | ||
{{USA battleships}} | {{USA battleships}} | ||
Latest revision as of 09:02, 7 July 2024
Contents
Description
The Pennsylvania-class, USS Arizona (BB-39), 1938 was one of the two Pennsylvania-class battleships built for the US Navy, laid down in 1914 and commissioned in late 1916. She saw only stateside service during hostilities in the First World War, but notably escorted President Woodrow Wilson on his way to the Paris Peace Conference at the end of the war. She then mostly served in a training capacity until the beginning of the American involvement in WW2, where she was tragically sunk in a massive explosion, and still lies in Pearl Harbor today.
She was introduced in Update "Wind of Change", and gains an extra two guns to her main battery compared to the preceding USS Nevada. In exchange, as she is in her 1938 refit, and as such has less secondary and anti-aircraft capability in comparison to the 1944 refit of Nevada. That firepower comes with an extremely long reload of 40 seconds; splitting the battery is a necessity when engaging multiple enemies.
General info
Survivability and armour
The USS Arizona, like other American Standard-type battleships, is a very well-armoured battleship. Like other American battleships, she was designed to be able to resist her own 14-inch guns at expected battle ranges. This gives her a main armour belt of 13.5 inches, one of the thickest in-game. The only ship with a thicker main belt currently is SMS Bayern with a thickness of 13.77 inches. Keep in mind that "expected battle ranges" as designed were in excess of 9 km, but captains of USS Arizona can expect much shorter range engagements on the seas of War Thunder regularly. The belt gets progressively thinner the further underwater it is, from 13.5 inches above the waterline, to 8 inches a little under the waterline and then 3 inches well below the waterline.
USS Arizona is in her 1938 refit and therefore has underwater torpedo bulges which can defeat warheads of up to 250 kg TNT equivalent. This will totally defeat American torpedoes such as the Mk.15 and soften the blow from heavier torpedoes such as the G7a, but hits from the Japanese Type 93 torpedo will usually instantly result in either critical damage or a lost ship.
The turrets are the most well-armoured turrets in the game, with angled 18-inch plates on the turret faces, 9 inches on the sides and 13 inches on the barbettes. That being said, the turret roofs only have a relatively thin 5 inches of armour, which could be vulnerable to plunging fire at long range, especially from ships with powerful SAP shells such as SMS Bayern or HMS Hood. The conning tower has 16 inches of armour and even the lower part of the smoke funnel has 15 inches at its thickest point. The citadel has two layers of armour for its roof, one of 4.25 inches and another inch beneath the main citadel roof armour. The fore and aft bulkheads on the vessel are both 13 inches when above the waterline and 8 inches beneath.
USS Arizona is the first ship in War Thunder to use the "all or nothing" armour scheme. This armour philosophy brings the maximum armour to bear where it is needed, for example, the citadel. This is perfect for fighting enemy capital ships at range, as AP shells will pass through areas without armour without fusing, and allows for thicker armour over vital sections of the ship. However, keep in mind that this also makes the unprotected areas of the ship vulnerable to taking damage from smaller ships. These components may not be vital, but some crew still resides in these areas and constant repairing will still bleed the Arizona of crew.
The magazines are also positioned somewhat poorly and are located just below the waterline and against the exterior of the hull. This means that Arizona can be quite prone to ammo rack detonation compared to other battleships. This is especially true for torpedoes that exceed the protection of USS Arizona's 250 kg of torpedo protection. Be aware of any torpedoes, and if unavoidable, attempt to "eat" the torpedo amidships instead of under the turrets.
| Armour | Front | Side | Rear | Deck/Roof |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Turret | 457.2 mm | 254 mm (Front half) 228.6 mm (Rear half) |
228.6 mm | 127 mm |
| Barbette | 330 mm | |||
| Citadel | 330 mm (Upper) 203 mm (Lower) |
343 mm (Upper) 203 mm (Lower) |
330 mm (Upper) 203 mm (Lower) |
107.95 mm (Upper) 25.4 mm (Lower) |
| Bridge | 406 mm | |||
Both the forward and aft magazines are located inside the large, expansive citadel.
Mobility
The USS Arizona is part of the American Standard-type of battleship. One of the design specifications for every Standard battleship was similar turning circles and a specified maximum speed of 21.0 kn. This, of course, was slightly reduced over time as Arizona underwent refits and gained extra displacement. In her 1938 refit, captains of USS Arizona can expect to reach 20.7 kn, which is typical for a battleship of her era. Battlecruisers such as HMS Hood or Scharnhorst will be quite a bit faster, but most battleships will roughly match the Arizona's pace. Captains of Arizona should not expect to make it to the capture point regularly, and will need to rely on the floatplane if speed is required. As for the turning circle, the Arizona will perform similarly to the preceding USS Wyoming, with a relatively quick response to the rudder but poor sustained turn. Arizona also has a tendency to reverse its turn slightly when the rudder is released, so small inputs may be necessary to keep the bow on course.
| Mobility Characteristics | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Game Mode | Upgrade Status | Maximum Speed (km/h) | |
| Forward | Reverse | ||
| AB | |||
| Upgraded | 45 | 25 | |
| RB/SB | |||
| Upgraded | 38 | 22 | |
Modifications and economy
| Seakeeping | Unsinkability | Firepower | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Armament
Primary armament
The USS Arizona has 12 x 14-inch main cannons, split into 4 x triple mounts, two fore, two aft. The turrets are extremely slow, with a maximum traverse rate of 2°/second. The Pennsylvania-class was one of the US Navy's earlier forays into triple turrets, and the 356 mm guns were placed too close together. This complicated loading and led to longer than preferable loading times, along with issues with accuracy that led to changes to the timing of the firing of the guns. In War Thunder, this gives the USS Arizona a maximum reload time of 40 seconds with an aced crew. This is longer than the preceding USS Wyoming and much longer than ships such as the Scharnhorst or Kronshtadt. This does come with an appreciable increase in firepower over the American battleships previously armed with 12-inch guns, but it is definitely a weak point compared to other nation's high ranking vessels.
Arizona has access to two shell types: the 14-inch Mk.9 HE shell, and the 14-inch Mk. 8 APCBC. The Arizona gets no access to any other types of shells, and notably is missing SAP shells.
The filler of the Mk.9 HE, at 46.67 kg TNT equivalent is the best currently in the American tech tree, with 13 kg more explosive mass than Wyoming's 12-inch HE. It will cause flooding and fire on any lightly-armoured ship taking a hit, especially considering that the Arizona has a 12-gun broadside, the damage will often be severe enough from a concentrated salvo for many smaller destroyers and sometimes even some light cruisers to commonly roll over and capsize after a hit from Arizona. Bear in mind however that American ammo has historically contained less filler than other nations' navies. While containing more filler than the Japanese and German 305 mm shells, it does not compare favourably even against the 305 mm shells on the Parizhskaya kommuna, let alone against the monstrous 88.11 kg explosive mass found on the 13.5-inch shells of the HMS Marlborough. Compared to the other battleships in the American tree however, Arizona still comes out the clear victor.
The AP shell has an impressive penetration with 637 mm at 1 km and 444 mm at 10 km, and the filler is up roughly 4 kg from the 356 mm AP shells. This will be the main shell when engaging enemy capital ships, and especially enemy battleships. With high penetration and decent filler, few battleships can take concentrated hits from USS Arizona unscathed. It is recommended to aim for magazines, engines, shell magazines and other essential components of the enemy ships. Magazine hits in particular should be the goal for captains of Arizona, as while the filler is certainly higher than the 12-inch AP shells found on preceding ships, it still will not reliably dispatch large amounts of crew in the same way that SAP shells may. This shell is not suited for firing upon lightly-armoured ships, as it has such high penetration that it will more often than not fly through the entire ship and explode in the open, instead of inside the enemy ship as intended. Anything smaller than a heavy cruiser will most likely be effectively dealt with using the Mk.9 HE shell instead.
| Penetration statistics | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammunition | Type of warhead |
Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm) | |||||
| 1,000 m | 2,500 m | 5,000 m | 7,500 m | 10,000 m | 15,000 m | ||
| Mk.9 HE | HE | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 |
| Mk.8 APCBC | APCBC | 637 | 597 | 536 | 484 | 439 | 372 |
| Shell details | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammunition | Type of warhead |
Velocity (m/s) |
Projectile mass (kg) |
Fuse delay (s) |
Fuse sensitivity (mm) |
Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (kg) |
Ricochet | |||||
| 0% | 50% | 100% | ||||||||||
| Mk.9 HE | HE | 823 | 635 | 0 | 0.1 | 46.67 | 79° | 80° | 81° | |||
| Mk.8 APCBC | APCBC | 823 | 635 | 0.035 | 17 | 15.24 | 48° | 63° | 71° | |||
Secondary armament
USS Arizona has a secondary battery consisting of 12 x 5-inch casemate single-mount guns. They're arranged 6 per side and add a small but noticeable degree of firepower when dealing with smaller vessels, usually PT boats up to light cruisers.
The guns have a maximum reload of 6.7 seconds with an aced crew, and are especially helpful to make up for the long time between reloads of the main battery. It is recommended to fire the APC shell, as it contains only 10 grams less explosive mass for almost 80 additional mm of pen, a very worthy trade. Captains of the USS Arizona are advised to use the "main and auxiliary calibre shooting with one button" control, as without this fire from the secondary battery will be much less accurate.
| Penetration statistics | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammunition | Type of warhead |
Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm) | |||||
| 1,000 m | 2,500 m | 5,000 m | 7,500 m | 10,000 m | 15,000 m | ||
| Mk.15 common | Common | 114 | 94 | 68 | 50 | 38 | 26 |
| 5 inch APC | APC | 191 | 157 | 115 | 84 | 64 | 44 |
| Shell details | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammunition | Type of warhead |
Velocity (m/s) |
Projectile mass (kg) |
Fuse delay (s) |
Fuse sensitivity (mm) |
Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g) |
Ricochet | |||||
| 0% | 50% | 100% | ||||||||||
| Mk.15 common | Common | 960 | 22.68 | 0.005 | 6 | 780 | 47° | 60° | 65° | |||
| 5 inch APC | APC | 960 | 22.68 | 0.015 | 5 | 770 | 48° | 63° | 71° | |||
Anti-aircraft armament
USS Arizona's AA defence consists of a battery of 8 x 5 inch/25 (127mm) guns firing HE-TF shells and 8 x 12.7 mm AN/M2 machine guns. The 5 inch battery will be the main defence for the ship, as the machine guns have such a short effective range that the enemy aircraft will most likely have already dropped its ordnance before they begin firing at it. As the Arizona is in a pre-war refit, she does not have access to the highly effective HE-VT shells that made an appearance during WW2. The HE-TF shells can still be effective, but are highly reliant on the crew setting the proper fuse distance on the shells. It is recommended to research the "Anti-air Armament Traverse" modification to improve the speed at which your anti-aircraft can get on target, and increase the crew level of your "AAA calibre reload speed", "AAA gunner accuracy", and "Distance fuse set accuracy" to gain the best results. Captains of the USS Arizona should not expect to swat planes out of the sky like in other ships such as the USS Alaska with its fearsome AA battery, but with these modules and crew upgrades unlocked most aircraft that spend too long near Arizona will be damaged if not destroyed.
Scout plane
Usage in battles
The USS Arizona plays similar to most other battleships that are currently in-game, with one major caveat: the reload time. It is substantially longer at 1.5 rounds per minute compared to the average for battleships of around 2 RPM without an increase of firepower over other Battleships. Even with an ace crew, the crew will still take 40 seconds to reload the main guns. So while sailing out the USS Arizona, be conscious of the reload state and maintain a higher than usual awareness of threats. Ships with a fast reload such as Parizhskaya kommuna, SMS Bayern, and especially ships such as Kronshtadt, USS Alaska and Scharnhorst should be priority targets for captains of the Arizona. All will easily beat the reload rate of USS Arizona, and the last three of the ships mentioned all at least have double the rate of fire, and will quickly deal damage if the captain of USS Arizona is unprepared to deal with the situation. It should also be noted that the reload penalty while repairing can severely reduce the already pitiful rate of fire, so perhaps refrain from initiating a repair right before firing.
For dealing with smaller targets, binding the "ranging shot" control helps immensely, allowing you to fire one turret at a time instead of firing an entire salvo at a singular target. HE is recommended for lightly-armoured targets ranging from destroyers to light cruisers, as AP will simply over-penetrate and do little to no damage. The HE can cause holes and massive flooding on lightly-armoured ships and can help to more easily dispatch of enemy vessels. Arizona certainly does the most damage out of any of the American battleships if the shots land, but will be held back with the lack of SAP shells and fire-rate. The speed of the ship is average compared to other battleships of the Dreadnought era at 21 knots, but on maps with capture zones, she will struggle to make it to capture points before the game is decided most of the time, therefore the floatplane can be utilized to capture objectives once unlocked, as it can make or break a match.
The strategy of sitting close to still for more stable shots like in other battleships is still good for dealing precise blows to the enemy, but torpedoes are still a large threat, as your bulges cannot reliably deal with high-end torpedoes such as the Type 93 Long Lance, which can sink the whole ship with a single torpedo depending on where it strikes. Simply reducing speed is preferred, as it's still relatively stable while not being a sitting duck.
Pros and cons
Pros:
- Heavy armour over the most critical modules
- Torpedo bulges
- Good penetration on armour-piercing rounds
Cons:
- Lacking armour for secondary battery
- Extremely slow turret traverse
- Slow main battery reload
- Lacklustre high-explosive ammunition; no SAP rounds
History
Constructed by the Brooklyn Navy Yard, USS Arizona was laid down in March of 1914 shortly before the beginning of hostilities in Europe. Part of the Pennsylvania-class, this was the United States' second generation of super-dreadnought. This class continued several of the advances made by the preceding Nevada-class, with some notable exceptions. Both ships would use geared turbines, and instead of an arrangement of double and triple mounts for the 14-inch battery, USS Arizona would have 4 triple gun mounts. In addition the Pennsylvania-class would continue the use of oil-firing boilers, which had been shown to drastically increase both range and underwater protection as the threat from torpedo boats (which would later become destroyers) grew during the early 20th century. She would be the only approved battleship for the fiscal year 1914 and the newest American capital ship when the United States would enter the war in 1917.
USS Arizona would see limited service in the First World War, being kept based in the United States due to an oil shortage in the United Kingdom, only being sent to Europe after the armistice was signed. During 1921 and 1922, she took part in a mission to Peru and was then transferred to the Pacific Fleet. She would be given an extensive modernization from 1929 to 1931, notably gaining more anti-aircraft guns and torpedo bulges, increasing her survivability. Her machinery spaces were also improved, allowing for the ship to stay close to the design speed of 21.0 kn even with the additional displacement added. After the beginning of hostilities in Europe in 1939, and with rising tensions in the Pacific she was sent with the rest of the Pacific Fleet to Hawaii where she would be tragically be sunk in a massive explosion during the Attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941. She still lies there today.
Devblog
After the design of the preceding Nevada-class battleships that employed the novel "all or nothing" armour scheme, the Navy sought a slightly larger, improved design to be ordered for construction in the fiscal year of 1913. As such, the Bureau for Construction & Repair came up with a number of design sketches to satisfy the Navy's requirement.
In April 1912, the final design of what was to become the Pennsylvania class was chosen with further work on refining the design continuing until September. The decision to order the design into construction was met with some political opposition over concerns that the design was too weak and expensive. Nonetheless, the class was approved for construction, with USS Pennsylvania being ordered in August 1912 while its sistership USS Arizona followed suit in March 1913.
USS Arizona was laid down in March 1914, launched in June 1915 and commissioned in October 1916. Due to oil shortages in Europe at the time, the ship didn't take part in hostilities during WWI, but instead escorted the American president Woodrow Wilson on his trip to Brest for the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 along with other warships. Subsequently, both Arizona and its sistership were transferred to the Pacific Fleet, undergoing substantial modernization in 1929 through 1931.
Throughout the 1930s, both ships took part in regular fleet exercises. However, during the Attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941, USS Arizona was sunk following a catastrophic explosion of her fore magazines, after an aerial bomb managed to penetrate the ship's deck.
Media
- Skins
- Videos
See also
Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:
- reference to the series of the ship;
- links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.
External links
| Brooklyn Navy Yard | |
|---|---|
| Cruiser, Light (CL) | |
| Brooklyn-class | USS Brooklyn · USS Helena |
| Heavy Cruisers (CA) | |
| Pensacola-class | USS Pensacola |
| Battleships (BB) | |
| Pennsylvania-class | USS Arizona |
| USA battleships | |
|---|---|
| Delaware-class | USS North Dakota |
| Wyoming-class | USS Wyoming · USS Arkansas |
| New York-class | USS Texas |
| Nevada-class | USS Nevada |
| Pennsylvania-class | USS Arizona |
| New Mexico-class | USS Mississippi |
| Tennessee-class | USS Tennessee |
