Difference between revisions of "VYa-23 (23 mm)"

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(→‎Available ammunition: Updated)
(→‎Vehicles equipped with this weapon: Added IL-8 (1944))
 
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* {{Specs-Link|il-2m}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|il-2m}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|il-2m_mstitel}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|il-2m_mstitel}}
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* {{Specs-Link|il_8_1944}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|il-10}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|il-10}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|su_6_single}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|su_6_single}}
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* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
 
* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
 
* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|FI|Fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
 
* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|FI|Fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
−
* '''Armored targets:''' {{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}
+
* '''Armoured targets:''' {{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}
  
 
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
 
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
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! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
 
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Default || 46 || 43 || 33 || 24 || 17 || 12
+
| Default || 46 || 42 || 29 || 19 || 12 || 8
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Universal || 46 || 43 || 33 || 24 || 17 || 12
+
| Universal || 46 || 42 || 29 || 19 || 12 || 8
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Armored targets || 46 || 43 || 33 || 24 || 17 || 12
+
| Armoured targets || 46 || 42 || 29 || 19 || 12 || 8
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
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== History ==
 
== History ==
 
<!-- ''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.'' -->
 
<!-- ''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.'' -->
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The Spanish Civil War showed the Soviet Union that machine gun armed aircraft were no longer sufficient in the ongoing development race for aerial combat. This resulted in the [[ShKAS (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm ShKAS]] machine gun being succeeded by the [[ShVAK (20 mm)|20 mm ShVAK]] cannon. However, the 20 mm cartridge developed for that cannon was found to be underwhelming as well. The Soviets soon requested for a new cartridge in the 23 mm caliber that had enough power to enable the aircraft to engage ground targets. The development of the 23 mm cannon was led by OKB-14, OKB-16, and TsKB-14.<ref name="Koll">Koll 2009, 181-186</ref>
+
The Spanish Civil War showed the Soviet Union that machine gun armed aircraft were no longer sufficient in the ongoing development race for aerial combat. This resulted in the [[ShKAS (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm ShKAS]] machine gun being succeeded by the [[ShVAK (20 mm)|20 mm ShVAK]] cannon. However, the 20 mm cartridge developed for that cannon was found to be underwhelming as well. The Soviets soon requested for a new cartridge in the 23 mm calibre that had enough power to enable the aircraft to engage ground targets. The development of the 23 mm cannon was led by OKB-14, OKB-16, and TsKB-14.<ref name="Koll">Koll 2009, 181-186</ref>
 
[[File:VYa-23_cannon_Finland.jpg|x200px|right|thumb|none|A VYa cannon on display.]]
 
[[File:VYa-23_cannon_Finland.jpg|x200px|right|thumb|none|A VYa cannon on display.]]
  
−
TsKB-14 in Tula would design the TKB-201 cannon in 06 May 1940.<ref name="Airpages">Airpages n.d.</ref> Developed by A.A. Volkov and S.A. Yartsev,t was essentially a scaled-up [[Berezin UB (12.7 mm)|Berezin machine gun]]. First tested in German [[Bf_110_C-6|Bf 110]] fighters before being installed in IL-2s, TsKB-14's TKB-201 cannon competed against OKB-16's MP-6 cannon design and ultimately won out for being able to better manage the 23 mm cartridge's recoil. In May 1941, the TKB-201 would be accepted as the '''VYa''' cannon (after the designers '''V'''olkov and '''Ya'''rtsev). The weapon would see mass production from 1942 to 1947, primarily for the role as the main armament of the IL-2 ''Sturmovik'' attack aircraft and the succeeding IL-10.<ref name="Koll"/><ref name="Heinz">Heinz 2000</ref>
+
TsKB-14 in Tula would design the TKB-201 cannon in 06 May 1940.<ref name="Airpages">Airpages n.d.</ref> Developed by A.A. Volkov and S.A. Yartsev, it was essentially a scaled-up [[Berezin UB (12.7 mm)|Berezin machine gun]]. First tested in German [[Bf_110_C-6|Bf 110]] fighters before being installed in IL-2s, TsKB-14's TKB-201 cannon competed against [[PTB-23_(23_mm)|OKB-16's MP-6 cannon design]] and ultimately won out for being able to better manage the 23 mm cartridge's recoil. In May 1941, the TKB-201 would be accepted as the '''VYa''' cannon (after the designers '''V'''olkov and '''Ya'''rtsev). The weapon would see mass production from 1942 to 1947, primarily for the role as the main armament of the IL-2 ''Sturmovik'' attack aircraft and the succeeding IL-10.<ref name="Koll"/><ref name="Heinz">Heinz 2000</ref>
  
 
The VYa cannon also piqued the interest of the Soviet Navy, which valued its higher rate of fire than their [[2M-3 (25 mm)|25 mm 84-K guns]]. In 1944, OKB-43 was assigned to develop single, twin, and quad barrel mounts for the VYa. These mounts, known as U-23 (single), 2-U-23 (twin) and 4-U-23 (quad), were all evaluated in 1944. 2-U-23 and 4-U-23 was sufficient enough to warrant adoption and installation on Soviet motor torpedo boats.<ref name="NavWeaps">DiGiulian et al. 2017</ref> These VYa naval cannons would see combat up until the end of the Soviet Union before being immediately removed from service due to being ineffective for their intended role.<ref name="Koll"/>
 
The VYa cannon also piqued the interest of the Soviet Navy, which valued its higher rate of fire than their [[2M-3 (25 mm)|25 mm 84-K guns]]. In 1944, OKB-43 was assigned to develop single, twin, and quad barrel mounts for the VYa. These mounts, known as U-23 (single), 2-U-23 (twin) and 4-U-23 (quad), were all evaluated in 1944. 2-U-23 and 4-U-23 was sufficient enough to warrant adoption and installation on Soviet motor torpedo boats.<ref name="NavWeaps">DiGiulian et al. 2017</ref> These VYa naval cannons would see combat up until the end of the Soviet Union before being immediately removed from service due to being ineffective for their intended role.<ref name="Koll"/>
  
−
The VYa autocannon's cartridge would continue to see use in the post war era as well in weapons such as the [[AZP-23 (23 mm)|ZU-23-2 anti-aircraft gun]].<ref name="Koll2">Koll 2009, 195</ref>
+
The VYa autocannon's cartridge would continue to see use in the post war era as well in weapons such as the [[ZU-23 (23 mm)|ZU-23-2 anti-aircraft gun]].<ref name="Koll2">Koll 2009, 195</ref>
  
 
== Media ==
 
== Media ==
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* ''topic on the official game forum;''
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
 
* ''other literature.'' -->
 
* ''other literature.'' -->
 +
 
===References===
 
===References===
 
;Citations:
 
;Citations:

Latest revision as of 15:03, 11 February 2024

Description

The 23 mm VYa-23 (short for Volkov-Yartsev 23) is a Soviet aircraft autocannon used mainly in the Ilyushin 2 series of attack aircraft. It was developed in 1940 with the purpose of piercing through German armour.

Vehicles equipped with this weapon

General info

The VYa-23 has a rate of fire of 600 rounds per minute, considered high for its time and for its calibre. Thanks to its calibre, it can pierce through the roof of most tanks from the top, making it capable of disabling or destroying most light tanks and self propelled anti-air vehicles. However, the development of the VYa was not continued due to its low anti-tank capacity. For this purpose, the IL-2 would be fit with the 37 mm NS-37.

Available ammunition

  • Default: FI-T · AP-I
  • Universal: FI · FI-T · AP-I
  • Armoured targets: AP-I · AP-I · AP-I · FI-T
Penetration statistics
Belt Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
10 m 100 m 500 m 1,000 m 1,500 m 2,000 m
Default 46 42 29 19 12 8
Universal 46 42 29 19 12 8
Armoured targets 46 42 29 19 12 8

Comparison with analogues

The VYa 23 is one of the best Soviet anti-tank cannons. Although other autocannons from the Soviet Union have similar calibres and are more prevalent, they do not share similar penetration. The Soviet SH-37, NS-37, and NS-45 cannons have a higher penetration with similar damage at the cost of a lower rate of fire. Only two automatic cannons, the German 30 mm MK-103 and 15 mm MG151, surpass the VYa both in terms of penetration and in rate of fire.

Usage in battles

In ground mixed battles, it can be used to support tanks by destroying motors or fuel tanks as well as destroy light tanks and SPAAs. In air realistic battles, it can easily destroy light pillboxes by aiming to the top of them making them a great threat to the enemy, as well as any soft ground targets (AA emplacement, artillery position, MG nest).

Pros and cons

Pros:

  • High rate of fire
  • Good penetration
  • Good damage to light and open-topped tanks
  • High damage against planes

Cons:

  • Can run out of ammo very quickly
  • Can get jammed easily

History

The Spanish Civil War showed the Soviet Union that machine gun armed aircraft were no longer sufficient in the ongoing development race for aerial combat. This resulted in the 7.62 mm ShKAS machine gun being succeeded by the 20 mm ShVAK cannon. However, the 20 mm cartridge developed for that cannon was found to be underwhelming as well. The Soviets soon requested for a new cartridge in the 23 mm calibre that had enough power to enable the aircraft to engage ground targets. The development of the 23 mm cannon was led by OKB-14, OKB-16, and TsKB-14.[1]

A VYa cannon on display.

TsKB-14 in Tula would design the TKB-201 cannon in 06 May 1940.[2] Developed by A.A. Volkov and S.A. Yartsev, it was essentially a scaled-up Berezin machine gun. First tested in German Bf 110 fighters before being installed in IL-2s, TsKB-14's TKB-201 cannon competed against OKB-16's MP-6 cannon design and ultimately won out for being able to better manage the 23 mm cartridge's recoil. In May 1941, the TKB-201 would be accepted as the VYa cannon (after the designers Volkov and Yartsev). The weapon would see mass production from 1942 to 1947, primarily for the role as the main armament of the IL-2 Sturmovik attack aircraft and the succeeding IL-10.[1][3]

The VYa cannon also piqued the interest of the Soviet Navy, which valued its higher rate of fire than their 25 mm 84-K guns. In 1944, OKB-43 was assigned to develop single, twin, and quad barrel mounts for the VYa. These mounts, known as U-23 (single), 2-U-23 (twin) and 4-U-23 (quad), were all evaluated in 1944. 2-U-23 and 4-U-23 was sufficient enough to warrant adoption and installation on Soviet motor torpedo boats.[4] These VYa naval cannons would see combat up until the end of the Soviet Union before being immediately removed from service due to being ineffective for their intended role.[1]

The VYa autocannon's cartridge would continue to see use in the post war era as well in weapons such as the ZU-23-2 anti-aircraft gun.[5]

Media

Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.

See also

Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:

  • reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;
  • references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.

External links

References

Citations
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Koll 2009, 181-186
  2. ↑ Airpages n.d.
  3. ↑ Heinz 2000
  4. ↑ DiGiulian et al. 2017
  5. ↑ Koll 2009, 195
Bibliography
  • Airpages. n.d. "VYa-23: An aviation cannon of system Volkov-Yartcev." Aviation of Word War II. Accessed December 27, 2021. Webpage (Archive)
  • DiGiulian, Tony and Vladimir Yakubov. 2017. "23 mm/71.7 (0.91") VYa." NavWeaps. Last modified February 27, 2017. Webpage (Archive)
  • Heinz, Thomas. 2000. "VYa 23mm cannon." Russian Aviation Museum. Last modified May 07, 2000. Webpage (Archive)
  • Koll, Christian. 2009. Soviet Cannon: A Comprehensive Study of Soviet Guns and Ammunition in Calibres 12.7MM to 57 MM. Austria: self-published.


Germany aircraft cannons
15 mm  MG 151
20 mm  MG 151 · MG C/30L · MG FF · MG FF/M
27 mm  Mauser BK27
30 mm  Hispano HS 825 · MK 101 · MK 103 · MK 108
37 mm  BK 3.7
50 mm  BK 5 · Mk.214a
75 mm  BK 7.5
  Foreign:
20 mm  Hispano Mk.V (Britain) · M24A1 (USA) · M61A1 (USA) · ShVAK (USSR)
23 mm  GSh-23L (USSR) · NR-23 (USSR) · VYa-23 (USSR)
30 mm  DEFA 552 (France) · GSh-30-1 (USSR) · GSh-30-2K (USSR) · NR-30 (USSR)
37 mm  N-37D (USSR)

USSR aircraft cannons
20 mm  B-20E · B-20M · B-20S · ShVAK
23 mm  GSh-6-23M · GSh-23L · NR-23 · NS-23 · NS-23K · PTB-23 · VYa-23
30 mm  2A42 · GSh-6-30 · GSh-30-1 · GSh-30-2 · GSh-30-2K · NR-30
37 mm  N-37 · N-37D · NS-37 · SH-37
45 mm  NS-45
  Foreign:
20 mm  Hispano Mk.II (Britain) · MG 151 (Germany)
37 mm  M4 (USA) · M10 (USA)

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