Flight model creation - Revision history

U44629479: Undo revision 187178 by U129753316 (talk)

2024-06-10T03:58:46Z

Undo revision 187178 by U129753316 (talk)

U129753316: /* Testing flight models */

2024-06-09T22:16:51Z

‎Testing flight models

U44629479: Undo revision 185530 by U158406199 (talk)

2024-05-10T11:48:00Z

Undo revision 185530 by U158406199 (talk)

U158406199: /* Testing flight models */

2024-04-22T16:27:11Z

‎Testing flight models

U44629479: Undo revision 180533 by U140914993 (talk)

2024-01-20T17:47:58Z

Undo revision 180533 by U140914993 (talk)

U140914993: /* Testing flight models */

2024-01-20T17:36:56Z

‎Testing flight models

U137208351: /* Simulation */

2023-10-03T17:49:52Z

‎Simulation

U38088265: Reverted edits by U91072031 (talk) to last revision by U44629479

2023-01-08T10:06:17Z

Reverted edits by U91072031 (talk) to last revision by U44629479

U91072031: /* Testing flight models */

2023-01-08T05:57:26Z

‎Testing flight models

U44629479: Edits

2022-09-12T20:20:13Z

Edits

@@ Line 24: / Line 24: @@
 *Comparison of all received data with reference data.
-All the basic figures are checked using automatic testing – maximum speed at various heights, turn time, stalling speed, roll rate and so forth. Analytical calculations are much faster, which allows us to quickly check basic parameters during configuration, while simulation is more accurate, but takes more time to calculate. At the same time, the adjuster has the ability to switch various aircraft parameters – to set altitude, the aircraft's load, its speed and engine modes, maneuvering lever positions and so on. The aim of manual testing is both to check the aircraft's behavior and maneuverability and to test this data as, for example, the angle of attack – things which are very hard to determine automatically. The data received during all these tests must correspond to reference data in order for the flight model to be introduced into the game.
+All the basic figures are checked using automatic testing – maximum speed at various heights, turn time, stalling speed, roll rate and so forth. Analytical calculations are much faster, which allows us to quickly check basic parameters during configuration, while simulation is more accurate, but takes more time to calculate. At the same time, the adjuster has the ability to switch various aircraft parameters – to set altitude, the aircraft's load, its speed and engine modes, manoeuvring lever positions and so on. The aim of manual testing is both to check the aircraft's behavior and manoeuvrability and to test this data as, for example, the angle of attack – things which are very hard to determine automatically. The data received during all these tests must correspond to reference data in order for the flight model to be introduced into the game.
 ==Tuning flight models==

@@ Line 24: / Line 24: @@
 *Comparison of all received data with reference data.
-All the basic figures are checked using automatic testing – maximum speed at various heights, turn time, stalling speed, roll rate and so forth. Analytical calculations are much faster, which allows us to quickly check basic parameters during configuration, while simulation is more accurate, but takes more time to calculate. At the same time, the adjuster has the ability to switch various aircraft parameters – to set altitude, the aircraft's load, its speed and engine modes, manoeuvring lever positions and so on. The aim of manual testing is both to check the aircraft's behavior and manoeuvrability and to test this data as, for example, the angle of attack – things which are very hard to determine automatically. The data received during all these tests must correspond to reference data in order for the flight model to be introduced into the game.
+All the basic figures are checked using automatic testing – maximum speed at various heights, turn time, stalling speed, roll rate and so forth. Analytical calculations are much faster, which allows us to quickly check basic parameters during configuration, while simulation is more accurate, but takes more time to calculate. At the same time, the adjuster has the ability to switch various aircraft parameters – to set altitude, the aircraft's load, its speed and engine modes, maneuvering lever positions and so on. The aim of manual testing is both to check the aircraft's behavior and maneuverability and to test this data as, for example, the angle of attack – things which are very hard to determine automatically. The data received during all these tests must correspond to reference data in order for the flight model to be introduced into the game.
 ==Tuning flight models==

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 __TOC__
 Detailed tuning, when correctly simulated in the game, provides a means to automatically implement all the effects inherent to flight – effects such as rotor spin from oncoming airflow, tail-spin, drag force in a dive and so on. The following simulation improvements also provide a means to make aircraft tuning easier, since even if there is insufficient information available about a given aircraft, we still have the ability to simulate its in-game behavior, which will be as close as possible to its real-life prototype when all the aircraft's known parameters are provided.Our simulation provides a means to calculate, in real time, any changing parameters during flight – for example, a reduction in weight after dropping a bomb, fuel expenditure or changes in the flight model due to damage to the wing, flaps or stabilizers. Apart from this, it also allows effects from modifications to be realized.
@@ Line 18: / Line 19: @@
 Flight models undergo the following testing stages:
 *Testing using analytical calculations
 *Testing using the in-game simulation
@@ Line 40: / Line 40: @@
 After finding all the data available on the aircraft and combining them into a single database, we move on to the tuning. We introduce a multitude of parameters into each individual aircraft (the number of configured parameters in the game rose from approximately 100 during the alpha testing phase to 400-800 parameters as of now, regardless of the complexity of the aircraft’s structure), which include:[[File:FlightModelCreation Historic IL-10 DragCurve.png|x250px|thumb|left||''Example of geometric and balancing characteristics in documents and in the game:'' Historic drag curve of the [[IL-10]]. Graphs Cy and L (Suetterlin letters were used for Vectors & Tensors until early 20th century) are also shown below.]]
 [[File:FlightModelCreation Editor IL-10 DragCurve.png|x200px|thumb|left|''Example of geometric and balancing characteristics in documents and in the game:'' Drag curve in-game for Il-10. As the scaling is different Cy and Cd look further apart then they are on the historic sheet.]]
 * Geometric characteristics for each of the aircraft’s parts, including the area and span of the wings, fuselage and vertical and horizontal stabilizers. Both the size and the angle of the propeller blades are taken into account. Most of the information on the various geometric sizes can be found in the aircraft’s technical description and other technical literature. The parts of the aircraft for which such information is unavailable can be calculated using blueprints. Sometimes, some parts even have to be calculated using photographs. All our geometric characteristics correspond to the prototype model.
 * Weight and balancing characteristics – the weight of individual parts of the aircraft, from the fuel and ammunition to the aerodynamic surfaces, armoured backrest, landing gear and the weight distribution of fuel between the different fuel tanks. This data is usually available in the literature we have and also corresponds to the real-life prototype.
+[[File:FlightModelCreation Historic LaGG-3-4 Data.jpg|thumbnail|right|LaGG-3-4 historic data sheet]][[File:FlightModelCreation Game Visualization LaGG-3-4 Data.jpg|thumbnail|right|Visualized LaGG-3-4 FM]]
 * Aerodynamic characteristics – the drag curve for all surfaces, parameters of the fuselage, radiator and landing gear, the installation angles of all the aerodynamic surfaces and the V-tail and aerodynamic focuses. This data is not always available in documents, and when it turns out to be impossible to find it, we use available data to calculate it.
 * Maximum speed and G-forces. Often available in documentation.
@@ Line 60: / Line 57: @@
 So the full cycle of creating a flight model is like this:
 * Finding and studying documentation, determining reliable data.
 * Creating an internal “aircraft passport”.

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 __TOC__
 Detailed tuning, when correctly simulated in the game, provides a means to automatically implement all the effects inherent to flight – effects such as rotor spin from oncoming airflow, tail-spin, drag force in a dive and so on. The following simulation improvements also provide a means to make aircraft tuning easier, since even if there is insufficient information available about a given aircraft, we still have the ability to simulate its in-game behavior, which will be as close as possible to its real-life prototype when all the aircraft's known parameters are provided.Our simulation provides a means to calculate, in real time, any changing parameters during flight – for example, a reduction in weight after dropping a bomb, fuel expenditure or changes in the flight model due to damage to the wing, flaps or stabilizers. Apart from this, it also allows effects from modifications to be realized.
@@ Line 19: / Line 18: @@
 Flight models undergo the following testing stages:
 *Testing using analytical calculations
 *Testing using the in-game simulation
@@ Line 40: / Line 40: @@
 After finding all the data available on the aircraft and combining them into a single database, we move on to the tuning. We introduce a multitude of parameters into each individual aircraft (the number of configured parameters in the game rose from approximately 100 during the alpha testing phase to 400-800 parameters as of now, regardless of the complexity of the aircraft’s structure), which include:[[File:FlightModelCreation Historic IL-10 DragCurve.png|x250px|thumb|left||''Example of geometric and balancing characteristics in documents and in the game:'' Historic drag curve of the [[IL-10]]. Graphs Cy and L (Suetterlin letters were used for Vectors & Tensors until early 20th century) are also shown below.]]
 [[File:FlightModelCreation Editor IL-10 DragCurve.png|x200px|thumb|left|''Example of geometric and balancing characteristics in documents and in the game:'' Drag curve in-game for Il-10. As the scaling is different Cy and Cd look further apart then they are on the historic sheet.]]
 * Geometric characteristics for each of the aircraft’s parts, including the area and span of the wings, fuselage and vertical and horizontal stabilizers. Both the size and the angle of the propeller blades are taken into account. Most of the information on the various geometric sizes can be found in the aircraft’s technical description and other technical literature. The parts of the aircraft for which such information is unavailable can be calculated using blueprints. Sometimes, some parts even have to be calculated using photographs. All our geometric characteristics correspond to the prototype model.
 * Weight and balancing characteristics – the weight of individual parts of the aircraft, from the fuel and ammunition to the aerodynamic surfaces, armoured backrest, landing gear and the weight distribution of fuel between the different fuel tanks. This data is usually available in the literature we have and also corresponds to the real-life prototype.
-[[File:FlightModelCreation Historic LaGG-3-4 Data.jpg|thumbnail|right|LaGG-3-4 historic data sheet]][[File:FlightModelCreation Game Visualization LaGG-3-4 Data.jpg|thumbnail|right|Visualized LaGG-3-4 FM]]
 * Aerodynamic characteristics – the drag curve for all surfaces, parameters of the fuselage, radiator and landing gear, the installation angles of all the aerodynamic surfaces and the V-tail and aerodynamic focuses. This data is not always available in documents, and when it turns out to be impossible to find it, we use available data to calculate it.
 * Maximum speed and G-forces. Often available in documentation.
@@ Line 57: / Line 60: @@
 So the full cycle of creating a flight model is like this:
 * Finding and studying documentation, determining reliable data.
 * Creating an internal “aircraft passport”.

@@ Line 23: / Line 23: @@
 *Manual testing performed by a separate flight model testing group.
 *Comparison of all received data with reference data.
-To test flight any aircraft
 All the basic figures are checked using automatic testing – maximum speed at various heights, turn time, stalling speed, roll rate and so forth. Analytical calculations are much faster, which allows us to quickly check basic parameters during configuration, while simulation is more accurate, but takes more time to calculate. At the same time, the adjuster has the ability to switch various aircraft parameters – to set altitude, the aircraft's load, its speed and engine modes, manoeuvring lever positions and so on. The aim of manual testing is both to check the aircraft's behavior and manoeuvrability and to test this data as, for example, the angle of attack – things which are very hard to determine automatically. The data received during all these tests must correspond to reference data in order for the flight model to be introduced into the game.

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 ==Simulation==
 Detailed tuning, when correctly simulated in the game, provides a means to automatically implement all the effects inherent to flight – effects such as rotor spin from oncoming airflow, tail-spin, drag force in a dive and so on. The following simulation improvements also provide a means to make aircraft tuning easier, since even if there is insufficient information available about a given aircraft, we still have the ability to simulate its in-game behavior, which will be as close as possible to its real-life prototype when all the aircraft's known parameters are provided.Our simulation provides a means to calculate, in real time, any changing parameters during flight – for example, a reduction in weight after dropping a bomb, fuel expenditure or changes in the flight model due to damage to the wing, flaps or stabilizers. Apart from this, it also allows effects from modifications to be realized.
 ==Testing flight models==

@@ Line 23: / Line 23: @@
 *Comparison of all received data with reference data.
-All the basic figures are checked using automatic testing – maximum speed at various heights, turn time, stalling speed, roll rate and so forth. Analytical calculations are much faster, which allows us to quickly check basic parameters during configuration, while simulation is more accurate, but takes more time to calculate. At the same time, the adjuster has the ability to switch various aircraft parameters – to set altitude, the aircraft's load, its speed and engine modes, maneuvering lever positions and so on. The aim of manual testing is both to check the aircraft's behavior and maneuverability and to test this data as, for example, the angle of attack – things which are very hard to determine automatically. The data received during all these tests must correspond to reference data in order for the flight model to be introduced into the game.
+All the basic figures are checked using automatic testing – maximum speed at various heights, turn time, stalling speed, roll rate and so forth. Analytical calculations are much faster, which allows us to quickly check basic parameters during configuration, while simulation is more accurate, but takes more time to calculate. At the same time, the adjuster has the ability to switch various aircraft parameters – to set altitude, the aircraft's load, its speed and engine modes, manoeuvring lever positions and so on. The aim of manual testing is both to check the aircraft's behavior and manoeuvrability and to test this data as, for example, the angle of attack – things which are very hard to determine automatically. The data received during all these tests must correspond to reference data in order for the flight model to be introduced into the game.
 ==Tuning flight models==
 [[File:FlightModelCreation Editor Wings.jpg|thumbnail|right|War Thunder's flight model editor. Here the wing section is opened for edit.]]
 [[File:FlightModelCreation Editor Propeller LaGG-3-4.jpg|thumbnail|right|[[LaGG-3-4]]'s propeller characteristics section. Settings for critical speed behaviours.]]
-[[File:FlightModelCreation Editor PropellerBladeTune LaGG-3-4.jpg|thumbnail|right|Propeller blade geometry (and therefore physical behaviour) tuning for the LaGG-3-4. On the right immidiate visualized feedback.]]
+[[File:FlightModelCreation Editor PropellerBladeTune LaGG-3-4.jpg|thumbnail|right|Propeller blade geometry (and therefore physical behaviour) tuning for the LaGG-3-4. On the right immediate visualized feedback.]]
 Most of the time spent on tuning flight models is spent searching for and studying as much documentation as possible on the aircraft, and also determining the reliability of those documents and how well they correlate. For various tests and examinations, factory data often differs significantly in the most basic parameters, and for some aircraft, it can be very difficult to find any reliable information at all.
@@ Line 35: / Line 35: @@
 To speed up the tuning process and increase the convenience of testing flight models, we introduced an internal aircraft passport system. We find information about the aircraft (sometimes with the help of players), compare the documents, calculate the most reliable of them and transfer all the data we need into a separate database, which we then use to tune and test the aircraft.
-''An excellent example of how significantly official reports on the statistics of a given aircraft can differ from each other is the story of configuring the Bf-109F-4. In the beginning, we obtained several documents (from November 1941 to July 1942) written in Germany and drastically different from each other. Moreover, several reports on tests carried out on captured aircrafts by the Soviets made for an even greater data variance. The characteristics in these reports were very different from each other. One of the reports set the aircraft’s maximum speed at 670 km/h, and another at 630 km/h, the first higher and the second lower than the speed that BF themselves reported.  It was clear that we needed to search for the truth in one of the documents, and that the aircraft had been tested in different conditions and with different modifications, but we didn’t know which one of them was the “true combat” model and which ones were modified. We discovered that one of the reports was produced on an aircraft which had been completely reworked – all its armament had been taken off and a huge amount of work had been done on sealing and finishing the fuselage and wings. The other was most likely damaged; its speed metrics were considerably lower than those in the other sources. The third report was the closest to both our preliminary calculations and the factory data – this was the report that we decided to base our flight model calculations on in the end.''
+''An excellent example of how significantly official reports on the statistics of a given aircraft can differ from each other is the story of configuring the Bf-109F-4. In the beginning, we obtained several documents (from November 1941 to July 1942) written in Germany and drastically different from each other. Moreover, several reports on tests carried out on captured aircraft by the Soviets made for an even greater data variance. The characteristics in these reports were very different from each other. One of the reports set the aircraft’s maximum speed at 670 km/h, and another at 630 km/h, the first higher and the second lower than the speed that BF themselves reported.  It was clear that we needed to search for the truth in one of the documents, and that the aircraft had been tested in different conditions and with different modifications, but we didn’t know which one of them was the “true combat” model and which ones were modified. We discovered that one of the reports was produced on an aircraft which had been completely reworked – all its armament had been taken off and a huge amount of work had been done on sealing and finishing the fuselage and wings. The other was most likely damaged; its speed metrics were considerably lower than those in the other sources. The third report was the closest to both our preliminary calculations and the factory data – this was the report that we decided to base our flight model calculations on in the end.''
 After finding all the data available on the aircraft and combining them into a single database, we move on to the tuning. We introduce a multitude of parameters into each individual aircraft (the number of configured parameters in the game rose from approximately 100 during the alpha testing phase to 400-800 parameters as of now, regardless of the complexity of the aircraft’s structure), which include:[[File:FlightModelCreation Historic IL-10 DragCurve.png|x250px|thumb|left||''Example of geometric and balancing characteristics in documents and in the game:'' Historic drag curve of the [[IL-10]]. Graphs Cy and L (Suetterlin letters were used for Vectors & Tensors until early 20th century) are also shown below.]]
-[[File:FlightModelCreation Editor IL-10 DragCurve.png|x200px|thumb|left|''Example of geometric and balancing characteristics in documents and in the game:'' Drag curve ingame for Il-10. As the scaling is different Cy and Cd look further apart then they are on the historic sheet.]]
+[[File:FlightModelCreation Editor IL-10 DragCurve.png|x200px|thumb|left|''Example of geometric and balancing characteristics in documents and in the game:'' Drag curve in-game for Il-10. As the scaling is different Cy and Cd look further apart then they are on the historic sheet.]]
 * Geometric characteristics for each of the aircraft’s parts, including the area and span of the wings, fuselage and vertical and horizontal stabilizers. Both the size and the angle of the propeller blades are taken into account. Most of the information on the various geometric sizes can be found in the aircraft’s technical description and other technical literature. The parts of the aircraft for which such information is unavailable can be calculated using blueprints. Sometimes, some parts even have to be calculated using photographs. All our geometric characteristics correspond to the prototype model.
-* Weight and balancing characteristics – the weight of individual parts of the aircraft, from the fuel and ammunition to the aerodynamic surfaces, armored backrest, landing gear and the weight distribution of fuel between the different fuel tanks. This data is usually available in the literature we have and also corresponds to the real-life prototype.
+* Weight and balancing characteristics – the weight of individual parts of the aircraft, from the fuel and ammunition to the aerodynamic surfaces, armoured backrest, landing gear and the weight distribution of fuel between the different fuel tanks. This data is usually available in the literature we have and also corresponds to the real-life prototype.
 [[File:FlightModelCreation Historic LaGG-3-4 Data.jpg|thumbnail|right|LaGG-3-4 historic data sheet]][[File:FlightModelCreation Game Visualization LaGG-3-4 Data.jpg|thumbnail|right|Visualized LaGG-3-4 FM]]
 * Aerodynamic characteristics – the drag curve for all surfaces, parameters of the fuselage, radiator and landing gear, the installation angles of all the aerodynamic surfaces and the V-tail and aerodynamic focuses. This data is not always available in documents, and when it turns out to be impossible to find it, we use available data to calculate it.
 * Maximum speed and G-forces. Often available in documentation.
 * For each engine, we set its power characteristics, turbo-compressor or compressor parameters and thermodynamic characteristics (set using documented information about the acceptable use duration for each engine mode – at this time we use a simplified thermodynamics module, but in the near future we will move on to deeper and more accurate modeling). We also set the propeller parameters such as spin, thickness, blade drag curve, the number of blades, their span and weight, the type of speed governor, angles of displacement, WEP parameters – additional fuel requirements, for example the injection of water, methanol or nitrogen dioxide, the parameters of the speed governor for WEP and power increase. Much of this data is directly indicated in documentation.
-* The effectiveness of maneuverable surfaces – the rudder, elevator and ailerons. This is rarely found in documentation and often must be calculated using the aircraft’s behavior at various speeds.
+* The effectiveness of manoeuvrable surfaces – the rudder, elevator and ailerons. This is rarely found in documentation and often must be calculated using the aircraft’s behavior at various speeds.
 The engine power of the BF-109E in real life and in-game: