Armour - Revision history

U38088265: Reverted edits by U103335740 (talk) to last revision by U44629479

2024-06-29T09:06:37Z

Reverted edits by U103335740 (talk) to last revision by U44629479

U103335740: /* Types of armour in-game */ added a few examples some that were missing

2024-06-04T22:22:17Z

‎Types of armour in-game: added a few examples some that were missing

U44629479: /* Media */ Added Shooting Range episode

2022-09-25T21:29:53Z

‎Media: Added Shooting Range episode

U44629479: Edits

2022-09-06T07:15:05Z

Edits

U44629479: /* Media */ Added Shooting Range episode

2022-08-21T20:17:36Z

‎Media: Added Shooting Range episode

U16328860 at 12:09, 9 April 2022

2022-04-09T12:09:19Z

U16328860: /* Explosive reactive armour (ERA) */

2022-04-09T06:03:50Z

‎Explosive reactive armour (ERA)

U44629479: Edits

2022-03-17T10:18:09Z

Edits

U16328860: /* Types of armour in-game */

2022-02-19T23:45:11Z

‎Types of armour in-game

U16328860: /* Types of armour in-game */

2022-02-19T23:31:00Z

‎Types of armour in-game

@@ Line 14: / Line 14: @@
 ! colspan="3" | Ground vehicles
 |-
-| '''Rolled homogeneous armour''' (RHA) || x1.00 || {{Specs-Link|us_m4a3e2_sherman_jumbo}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|jp_type_2_ho_i}}
+| '''Rolled homogeneous armour''' (RHA) || x1.00 ||
 |-
 | '''Modern RHA''' || x1.01 || {{Specs-Link|cn_ztz_96}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|germ_leopard_1a5}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|uk_chieftain_mk_3}}
 |-
-| '''Cast homogeneous armour''' (CHA) || x0.94 || {{Specs-Link|fr_amx_elc_bis}}
+| '''Cast homogeneous armour''' (CHA) || x0.94 ||
 |-
 | '''Modern CHA''' || x0.98 || {{Specs-Link|germ_kpz_70}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|us_merkava_mk_3d}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|ussr_t_64_b_1984}}
@@ Line 26: / Line 26: @@
 | '''Modern HHRA''' || x1.10 || {{Specs-Link|sw_strv_122}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|us_m1128_mgs}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|ussr_bmp_2}}
 |-
-| '''Tracks''' || x0.75 || {{Specs-Link|germ_pzkpfw_IV_ausf_F2}}
+| '''Tracks''' || x0.75 ||
 |-
 | '''Structural steel''' || x0.45 ||{{Specs-Link|us_t26e4_superpershing}}
 |-
-| '''Structural steel of chassis''' || x0.60 || {{Specs-Link|cn_cm11}}
+| '''Structural steel of chassis''' || x0.60 ||
 |-
 | '''Wheel''' || x0.30 ||

@@ Line 14: / Line 14: @@
 ! colspan="3" | Ground vehicles
 |-
-| '''Rolled homogeneous armour''' (RHA) || x1.00 ||
+| '''Rolled homogeneous armour''' (RHA) || x1.00 || {{Specs-Link|us_m4a3e2_sherman_jumbo}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|jp_type_2_ho_i}}
 |-
 | '''Modern RHA''' || x1.01 || {{Specs-Link|cn_ztz_96}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|germ_leopard_1a5}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|uk_chieftain_mk_3}}
 |-
-| '''Cast homogeneous armour''' (CHA) || x0.94 ||
+| '''Cast homogeneous armour''' (CHA) || x0.94 || {{Specs-Link|fr_amx_elc_bis}}
 |-
 | '''Modern CHA''' || x0.98 || {{Specs-Link|germ_kpz_70}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|us_merkava_mk_3d}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|ussr_t_64_b_1984}}
@@ Line 26: / Line 26: @@
 | '''Modern HHRA''' || x1.10 || {{Specs-Link|sw_strv_122}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|us_m1128_mgs}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|ussr_bmp_2}}
 |-
-| '''Tracks''' || x0.75 ||
+| '''Tracks''' || x0.75 || {{Specs-Link|germ_pzkpfw_IV_ausf_F2}}
 |-
 | '''Structural steel''' || x0.45 ||{{Specs-Link|us_t26e4_superpershing}}
 |-
-| '''Structural steel of chassis''' || x0.60 ||
+| '''Structural steel of chassis''' || x0.60 || {{Specs-Link|cn_cm11}}
 |-
 | '''Wheel''' || x0.30 ||

@@ Line 198: / Line 198: @@
 ;Videos
-{{Youtube-gallery|bq_3g8lJ6M8|'''The Shooting Range #316''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 03:45 discusses the evolution of tank armour.|c7NXyv_vD1A|'''How to use the protection analysis tool in War Thunder''' - ''Skreezilla''|B2woWvJK4ew|'''Top 7 most armoured vehicles''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|o24D6yl_VLg|'''The Shooting Range #115''' - ''Tactics & Strategy'' section at 10:14 discusses how to maximize your armour while on the defensive.|Go91srkTM80|'''Explosive Reactive Armor and Composite Armor''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|mJO2sLI_jwU|'''The Shooting Range #19''' - ''Tactics & Strategy'' section at 04:53 discusses how to angle your armour.}}
+{{Youtube-gallery|bclVoHQIWlg|'''The Shooting Range #321''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 03:11 discusses the birth of composite armour.|bq_3g8lJ6M8|'''The Shooting Range #316''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 03:45 discusses the evolution of tank armour.|c7NXyv_vD1A|'''How to use the protection analysis tool in War Thunder''' - ''Skreezilla''|B2woWvJK4ew|'''Top 7 most armoured vehicles''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|o24D6yl_VLg|'''The Shooting Range #115''' - ''Tactics & Strategy'' section at 10:14 discusses how to maximize your armour while on the defensive.|Go91srkTM80|'''Explosive Reactive Armor and Composite Armor''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|mJO2sLI_jwU|'''The Shooting Range #19''' - ''Tactics & Strategy'' section at 04:53 discusses how to angle your armour.}}
 = External links =

@@ Line 89: / Line 89: @@
 Armour on aircraft are often minimum and focused on vital sections rather than on the overall airframe. Armour are often not taken into consideration in the design as armour constitutes more material and thus a heavier aircraft which would inhibit its performance due to weight penalty.<ref name="BismarckArmour">Bismarck 2017</ref>
-Armour for pilots are thus usually never beyond the usage of bullet-resistant glass on the cockpit that could provide protection against rifle calibre ammunition. Though some armour plating are present in the back on some planes like the P-47, these were only thick enough for small calibers and serve more to slow down the incoming round so that it has little energy once it punches through. Other important areas that armour could be present on aircraft is around the engine. Important design features that dictate whether an aircraft design is more durable than others was in the airframe build quality, the air frame's ability to take damage, and adequate protections around vital components such as the engine, pilot, and fuel tanks.<ref name="BismarckArmour" />
+Armour for pilots are thus usually never beyond the usage of bullet-resistant glass on the cockpit that could provide protection against rifle calibre ammunition. Though some armour plating are present in the back on some planes like the P-47, these were only thick enough for small calibers and serve more to slow down the incoming round so that it has little energy once it punches through. Other important areas that armour could be present on aircraft is around the engine. Important design features that dictate whether an aircraft design is more durable than others was in the airframe build quality, the airframe's ability to take damage, and adequate protections around vital components such as the engine, pilot, and fuel tanks.<ref name="BismarckArmour" />
 =Tank=
@@ Line 103: / Line 103: @@
 ===Cold War===
-By the end of World War II, sloping armour had become a ubiquitous concept and every tank designed has it from the American [[M60|M60]], British [[Centurion Mk 3|Centurion]], and Soviet [[T-54 (1951)|T-54/55]] tanks. With increasing tank armour equaling to increased weight, countries try to keep their tank weight in manageable ranges while making the armour up to date with current threats. By early 1960s, anti-tank technology such as the [[Anti-tank_guided_missiles|anti-tank guided missiles (ATGM)]] has grown to the point where it requires a large amount of steel to make the armour thick enough to resist the threat, but the amount was prohibitive and made the tank too heavy. Some nations such as Germany tried to solve this by relying on mobility at the expense of armour such as the [[Leopard I]], but it became clear a new type of armour is needed. It came in the form of "composite armour", which used steel combined with a variety of material such as plastic and ceramic that can resist penetration more effectively at a lighter weight. Composite armour soon became the new standard of tank armour throughout the world. Another armour developed in the Cold War was the "explosive reactive armour", which used an explosive to deflect a penetration property. Explosive reactive armour, or ERA, was highly effective against the ubiquitous HEATFS rounds used as anti-tank weapons. These armour technology saved the tanks from becoming obsolete during the Cold War against the new anti-tank missile threat that allows a small infantry crew to destroy a tank as far as 2000 meters away. Composite armour, ERA, and the increasing lethality of tank armament helped revolutionize the tank concept from light, medium, and heavy tanks into the new, universal "main battle tank".
+By the end of World War II, sloping armour had become a ubiquitous concept and every tank designed has it from the American [[M60|M60]], British [[Centurion Mk 3|Centurion]], and Soviet [[T-54 (1951)|T-54/55]] tanks. With increasing tank armour equaling to increased weight, countries try to keep their tank weight in manageable ranges while making the armour up to date with current threats. By early 1960s, anti-tank technology such as the [[Anti-tank_guided_missiles|anti-tank guided missiles (ATGM)]] has grown to the point where it requires a large amount of steel to make the armour thick enough to resist the threat, but the amount was prohibitive and made the tank too heavy. Some nations such as Germany tried to solve this by relying on mobility at the expense of armour such as the [[Leopard I]], but it became clear a new type of armour is needed. It came in the form of "composite armour", which used steel combined with a variety of material such as plastic and ceramic that can resist penetration more effectively at a lighter weight. Composite armour soon became the new standard of tank armour throughout the world. Another armour developed in the Cold War was the "explosive reactive armour", which used an explosive to deflect a penetration property. Explosive reactive armour, or ERA, was highly effective against the ubiquitous HEATFS rounds used as anti-tank weapons. These armour technology saved the tanks from becoming obsolete during the Cold War against the new anti-tank missile threat that allows a small infantry crew to destroy a tank as far as 2,000 m away. Composite armour, ERA, and the increasing lethality of tank armament helped revolutionize the tank concept from light, medium, and heavy tanks into the new, universal "main battle tank".
 ==Concepts==
@@ Line 130: / Line 130: @@
 [[File:TigerIHTank Armour Angling.png|x200px|thumb|left|An example of armour angling with the [[Tiger_H1|Tiger I]], angled towards the opponent in its most optimum degree for best all-around armour.]]
-This gives another form of thickness as not only does the round have to pass through a plane of armour, but two plane of the same armour, which would boost the effective thickness. This is best seen in vertical-faced armoured tanks like the [[Tiger H1|Tiger I tank]]. Though their vertical faced 100 mm front plate would only give 100 mm effectiveness, it was recommended in the Tigerfibel crew manual that a 45 degree diamond angle position would provide a front armour of nearly 130 mm of effective thickness.<ref name="Tigerfibel">Carruthers 2011</ref> This gives tank a chance to improve their effective front armour thickness especially when against enemies that would penetrate their front with little difficulty. However, beware of angling to much towards the enemy that it exposes the weaker side armour to enemy fire, which may have a chance of penetrating.
+This gives another form of thickness as not only does the round have to pass through a plane of armour, but two plane of the same armour, which would boost the effective thickness. This is best seen in vertical-faced armoured tanks like the [[Tiger H1|Tiger I tank]]. Though their vertical faced 100 mm front plate would only give 100 mm effectiveness, it was recommended in the Tigerfibel crew manual that a 45 degree diamond angle position would provide a front armour of nearly 130 mm of effective thickness.<ref name="Tigerfibel">Carruthers 2011</ref> This gives tank a chance to improve their effective front armour thickness especially when against enemies that would penetrate their front with little difficulty. However, beware of angling too much towards the enemy that it exposes the weaker side armour to enemy fire, which may have a chance of penetrating.
 Some tanks attempt to implement this concept into the designs itself. One example is the Soviet [[IS-3]] with its "pike nose" front armour. Due to the sloping effect not only going back, but sweeping to the sides, this improves the IS-3 front armour effectiveness and ricochet chances.
@@ Line 190: / Line 190: @@
 {{main|Add-on Armor}}
-Add-on armour is a form of improvisation of the tank armour usually done by the crew or a maintenance unit in the front lines. Due to the rushed nature of tank technology in World War II, armour once considered adequate on tanks can quickly become obsolete with the introduction of a new gun piece in the field or a new equipment, such as the [[KwK 36 (88 mm)]] on the [[Tiger H1|Tiger I]] and the Panzerfaust anti-tank launcher, both could cut through Sherman and T-34 armour with little resistance. The declining armour effectiveness against these weapons prompted the tank crews to attempt an expedient method to improve the armour quality of their tanks. Troops went and attached logs, sandbags, tracks, concrete, and metal sheets onto their tanks to improve its effective thickness. The usefulness against anti-tank rounds from tank shells and HEAT rounds are controversial. Some tankers swear by it and claim they were saved by their improvised armour while analysts say that the add-on armour has no effect at all in interfering with incoming rounds. What was universally accepted was that these add-on armour helped improve the tank crew morale when fighting the enemy, renewed in confidence with their "improved" tank armour. However, add-on armour increases the weight of the tank due to the add-on of materials and thus can cause a strain on the power train and suspension of tanks, prompting some commanders like General George S. Patton to ban the usage of improvised armour to improve tank reliability. The most useful add-on armour was the welding of additional sheets of metal onto the tank, as seen in the well-received reception of the up-armoured M4 Sherman in the form of the [[M4A3E2]] Jumbos.
+Add-on armour is a form of improvisation of the tank armour usually done by the crew or a maintenance unit in the front lines. Due to the rushed nature of tank technology in World War II, armour once considered adequate on tanks can quickly become obsolete with the introduction of a new gun piece in the field or a new equipment, such as the [[KwK36 (88 mm)]] on the [[Tiger H1|Tiger I]] and the Panzerfaust anti-tank launcher, both could cut through Sherman and T-34 armour with little resistance. The declining armour effectiveness against these weapons prompted the tank crews to attempt an expedient method to improve the armour quality of their tanks. Troops went and attached logs, sandbags, tracks, concrete, and metal sheets onto their tanks to improve its effective thickness. The usefulness against anti-tank rounds from tank shells and HEAT rounds are controversial. Some tankers swear by it and claim they were saved by their improvised armour while analysts say that the add-on armour has no effect at all in interfering with incoming rounds. What was universally accepted was that these add-on armour helped improve the tank crew morale when fighting the enemy, renewed in confidence with their "improved" tank armour. However, add-on armour increases the weight of the tank due to the add-on of materials and thus can cause a strain on the power train and suspension of tanks, prompting some commanders like General George S. Patton to ban the usage of improvised armour to improve tank reliability. The most useful add-on armour was the welding of additional sheets of metal onto the tank, as seen in the well-received reception of the up-armoured M4 Sherman in the form of the [[M4A3E2]] Jumbos.
 From Update 1.57, a modification known as the ''Add-on Armour'' was added onto certain vehicles. The modification adds spare track links along the hull and turret of the vehicle. The track links, when added, give an average of 17 - 20 mm of additional armour where they are attached.

@@ Line 198: / Line 198: @@
 ;Videos
-{{Youtube-gallery|mJO2sLI_jwU|'''The Shooting Range #19''' - ''Tactics & Strategy'' section at 04:53 discusses how to angle your armour.|Go91srkTM80|'''Explosive Reactive Armor and Composite Armor'''  - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|o24D6yl_VLg|'''The Shooting Range #115''' - ''Tactics & Strategy'' section at 10:14 discusses how to maximize your armour while on the defensive.|B2woWvJK4ew|'''Top 7 most armoured vehicles'''  - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|c7NXyv_vD1A|'''How to use the protection analysis tool in War Thunder''' - ''Skreezilla''}}
+{{Youtube-gallery|bq_3g8lJ6M8|'''The Shooting Range #316''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 03:45 discusses the evolution of tank armour.|c7NXyv_vD1A|'''How to use the protection analysis tool in War Thunder''' - ''Skreezilla''|B2woWvJK4ew|'''Top 7 most armoured vehicles''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|o24D6yl_VLg|'''The Shooting Range #115''' - ''Tactics & Strategy'' section at 10:14 discusses how to maximize your armour while on the defensive.|Go91srkTM80|'''Explosive Reactive Armor and Composite Armor''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|mJO2sLI_jwU|'''The Shooting Range #19''' - ''Tactics & Strategy'' section at 04:53 discusses how to angle your armour.}}
 = External links =

@@ Line 171: / Line 171: @@
 |'''"DYNAS" ERA'''
 |100 mm KE<br>550 mm CE
-|T-72M2
+|{{Specs-Link|ussr_t_72m2_moderna}}
 |-
 ! colspan="3" | <nowiki>*</nowiki>with add-on armour modification

@@ Line 168: / Line 168: @@
 |-
 | '''Integrated ERA''' || 10 mm KE<br>250 mm CE || {{Specs-Link|fr_leclerc_s1}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|fr_leclerc_s2}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|fr_leclerc_sxxi}}
 |-
 ! colspan="3" | <nowiki>*</nowiki>with add-on armour modification
@@ Line 204: / Line 208: @@
 ==References==
 ;Citations
 <references />

@@ Line 100: / Line 100: @@
 ===Late World War II===
-The year 1943 changed everything in the balance of tank power from the Allies with their T-34 and Shermans to the Germans. Germany introduced their newest tanks in large quantities, the [[Panther D|Panther]] and the [[Tiger H1|Tiger I]] tanks. These vehicles introduced powerful cannons and a new redefinition of the term "armour" for tanks. The Tiger I came with an astounding 100 mm armour thickness in front. Though vertical-faced and thus did not have the benefit of "sloped armour", the guns on Shermans and T-34 at the time could not penetrate the front plate at standard combat ranges, forcing the Allied medium tanks to close in for a kill. The Panther had 80 mm of frontal armour, but that armour was sloped at a 55° from vertical and caused the effective armour to instead be ''140 mm'' thick. Thus, the Panther was basically invulnerable in the hull front from any anti-tank weapon in existence in Allied inventory at that time. The Germans also started to extensively used an armour called ''Schürzen'', which is a form of "spaced armour" that provided additional protection to their tank's weak side armour. The two new tanks, plus a new one in the form of the [[Tiger II (H)|Tiger II]] with 150 mm of frontal armour sloped for effective thickness of ~230 mm, caused turmoil in the Allied armoured forces as they find a way to easily destroy the new tanks. They were never able to compete against the German's in terms of armour thickness until after World War II.
+The year 1943 changed everything in the balance of tank power from the Allies with their T-34 and Shermans to the Germans. Germany introduced their newest tanks in large quantities, the [[Panther D|Panther]] and the [[Tiger H1|Tiger I]] tanks. These vehicles introduced powerful cannons and a new redefinition of the term "armour" for tanks. The Tiger I came with an astounding 100 mm armour thickness in front. Though vertical-faced and thus did not have the benefit of "sloped armour", the guns on Shermans and T-34 at the time could not penetrate the front plate at standard combat ranges, forcing the Allied medium tanks to close in for a kill. The Panther had 80 mm of frontal armour, but that armour was sloped at a 55° from vertical and caused the effective armour to instead be 140 mm thick. Thus, the Panther was basically invulnerable in the hull front from any anti-tank weapon in existence in Allied inventory at that time. The Germans also started to extensively used an armour called "Schürzen", which is a form of "spaced armour" that provided additional protection to their tank's weak side armour. The two new tanks, plus a new one in the form of the [[Tiger II (H)|Tiger II]] with 150 mm of frontal armour sloped for effective thickness of ~230 mm, caused turmoil in the Allied armoured forces as they find a way to easily destroy the new tanks. They were never able to compete against the German's in terms of armour thickness until after World War II.
 ===Cold War===
@@ Line 116: / Line 116: @@
 A simple formula to calculate a tank's effective thickness (Line Of Sight, or LOS) due to sloping armour is with this:<br>
-<span style="font-size:1.5em;font-family:serif;">[LOS Effective Thickness vs Projectile Type] = ([Armour Thickness] × [Armor Modifier vs Projectile Type]) / cos ([Armour Angle])</span><br><br>
+<span style="font-size:1.5em;font-family:serif;">[LOS Effective Thickness vs Projectile Type] = ([Armour Thickness] × [Armour Modifier vs Projectile Type]) / cos ([Armour Angle])</span><br><br>
-'''Note:''' This formula does '''not''' factor in the possible horizontal '''or''' vertical angle of the target's armor plate relative to the shot's origin '''or''' deviations of the shell's angle of inclination due to bullet drop at longer ranges. We assume the target is placed on an even field and shot at from straight ahead at distance where the shell will hit the armor with 0° of bullet drop.<br><br>
+'''Note:''' This formula does not factor in the possible horizontal or vertical angle of the target's armour plate relative to the shot's origin or deviations of the shell's angle of inclination due to bullet drop at longer ranges. We assume the target is placed on an even field and shot at from straight ahead at distance where the shell will hit the armour with 0° of bullet drop.<br><br>
-For example: A '''Panther''' has an '''80 mm''' (armor thickness) front armour plate, sloped at an angle of '''55°''' (armor angle) and made out of '''RHA''' (armor modifier), being shot at by an AP projectile (armor modifier vs projectile = 1.0 vs KE). Thus, we input the values:<br>
+For example: A Panther has an 80 mm (armour thickness) front armour plate, sloped at an angle of 55° (armour angle) and made out of RHA (armour modifier), being shot at by an AP projectile (armour modifier vs projectile = 1.0 vs KE). Thus, we input the values:<br>
 <span style="font-size:1.5em;font-family:serif;">(80 mm × 1.0) / cos (55°) <br> = 80 mm / cos (55°) <br> = 80 mm / 0.574 <br> = 139.4 mm <br> ≈ 140 mm (vs Kinetic AP) </span><br>
@@ Line 130: / Line 130: @@
 [[File:TigerIHTank Armour Angling.png|x200px|thumb|left|An example of armour angling with the [[Tiger_H1|Tiger I]], angled towards the opponent in its most optimum degree for best all-around armour.]]
-This gives another form of thickness as not only does the round have to pass through a plane of armour, but two plane of the same armour, which would boost the effective thickness. This is best seen in vertical-faced armoured tanks like the [[Tiger H1|Tiger I tank]]. Though their vertical faced 100 mm front plate would only give 100 mm effectiveness, it was recommended in the ''Tigerfibel'' crew manual that a 45 degree diamond angle position would provide a front armour of nearly 130 mm of effective thickness.<ref name="Tigerfibel">Carruthers 2011</ref> This gives tank a chance to improve their effective front armour thickness especially when against enemies that would penetrate their front with little difficulty. However, beware of angling to much towards the enemy that it exposes the weaker side armour to enemy fire, which may have a chance of penetrating.
+This gives another form of thickness as not only does the round have to pass through a plane of armour, but two plane of the same armour, which would boost the effective thickness. This is best seen in vertical-faced armoured tanks like the [[Tiger H1|Tiger I tank]]. Though their vertical faced 100 mm front plate would only give 100 mm effectiveness, it was recommended in the Tigerfibel crew manual that a 45 degree diamond angle position would provide a front armour of nearly 130 mm of effective thickness.<ref name="Tigerfibel">Carruthers 2011</ref> This gives tank a chance to improve their effective front armour thickness especially when against enemies that would penetrate their front with little difficulty. However, beware of angling to much towards the enemy that it exposes the weaker side armour to enemy fire, which may have a chance of penetrating.
 Some tanks attempt to implement this concept into the designs itself. One example is the Soviet [[IS-3]] with its "pike nose" front armour. Due to the sloping effect not only going back, but sweeping to the sides, this improves the IS-3 front armour effectiveness and ricochet chances.
 ===Spaced armour===
-Spaced armour helps against anti-tank rounds in a form of disruption and denial. Spaced armour was first widely used by the Germans in the form of ''Schürzen'', attaching metal sheets away from the base armour of their Panzers. These metal sheets were intended to disrupt the kinetic energy of the Soviet 14.5 mm anti-tank rifles, which could penetrate the weaker side armour of their tanks. It does this by forcing much of the energy on the rifle round to be expelled on the ''Schürzen'' sheets, passing through and causing negligible damage on the base side armour. The ''Schürzen'' may also disrupt tank rounds as well, but the much greater kinetic energy of tank shells means that its disruption will be ineffective to all but the most sloped shots. Though there is a belief that the ''schürzen'' plates were meant to stop HEAT rounds from shoulder-launched weapons, the plates were not intentionally designed for this task.
+Spaced armour helps against anti-tank rounds in a form of disruption and denial. Spaced armour was first widely used by the Germans in the form of "Schürzen", attaching metal sheets away from the base armour of their Panzers. These metal sheets were intended to disrupt the kinetic energy of the Soviet 14.5 mm anti-tank rifles, which could penetrate the weaker side armour of their tanks. It does this by forcing much of the energy on the rifle round to be expelled on the Schürzen sheets, passing through and causing negligible damage on the base side armour. The Schürzen may also disrupt tank rounds as well, but the much greater kinetic energy of tank shells means that its disruption will be ineffective to all but the most sloped shots. Though there is a belief that the Schürzen plates were meant to stop HEAT rounds from shoulder-launched weapons, the plates were not intentionally designed for this task.
 Spaced armour was used in various formats in the Cold War tank designs. It was used as a form of protection against HEAT rounds from tank guns and rocket launchers, with the air separating the tank's base armour and the spaced armour acting to dissipate the HEAT's power before it reaches the hull. Spaced armour also works against kinetic penetrators by shattering the round on impact with the first layer. Though early kinetic rounds using brittle materials like tungsten were affected by this armour, better material like depleted uranium made the rounds more durable and proof against this type of armour.<ref name="MM.Spaced">M.m. 2015</ref>
@@ Line 186: / Line 186: @@
 {{main|Add-on Armor}}
-Add-on armour is a form of improvisation of the tank armour usually done by the crew or a maintenance unit in the front lines. Due to the rushed nature of tank technology in World War II, armour once considered adequate on tanks can quickly become obsolete with the introduction of a new gun piece in the field or a new equipment, such as the [[KwK 36 (88 mm)]] on the [[Tiger H1|Tiger I]] and the ''Panzerfaust'' anti-tank launcher, both could cut through Sherman and T-34 armour with little resistance. The declining armour effectiveness against these weapons prompted the tank crews to attempt an expedient method to improve the armour quality of their tanks. Troops went and attached logs, sandbags, tracks, concrete, and metal sheets onto their tanks to improve its effective thickness. The usefulness against anti-tank rounds from tank shells and HEAT rounds are controversial. Some tankers swear by it and claim they were saved by their improvised armour while analysts say that the add-on armour has no effect at all in interfering with incoming rounds. What was universally accepted was that these add-on armour helped improve the tank crew morale when fighting the enemy, renewed in confidence with their "improved" tank armour. However, add-on armour increases the weight of the tank due to the add-on of materials and thus can cause a strain on the power train and suspension of tanks, prompting some commanders like General George S. Patton to ban the usage of improvised armour to improve tank reliability. The most useful add-on armour was the welding of additional sheets of metal onto the tank, as seen in the well-received reception of the up-armoured M4 Sherman in the form of the [[M4A3E2|"Jumbos"]].
+Add-on armour is a form of improvisation of the tank armour usually done by the crew or a maintenance unit in the front lines. Due to the rushed nature of tank technology in World War II, armour once considered adequate on tanks can quickly become obsolete with the introduction of a new gun piece in the field or a new equipment, such as the [[KwK 36 (88 mm)]] on the [[Tiger H1|Tiger I]] and the Panzerfaust anti-tank launcher, both could cut through Sherman and T-34 armour with little resistance. The declining armour effectiveness against these weapons prompted the tank crews to attempt an expedient method to improve the armour quality of their tanks. Troops went and attached logs, sandbags, tracks, concrete, and metal sheets onto their tanks to improve its effective thickness. The usefulness against anti-tank rounds from tank shells and HEAT rounds are controversial. Some tankers swear by it and claim they were saved by their improvised armour while analysts say that the add-on armour has no effect at all in interfering with incoming rounds. What was universally accepted was that these add-on armour helped improve the tank crew morale when fighting the enemy, renewed in confidence with their "improved" tank armour. However, add-on armour increases the weight of the tank due to the add-on of materials and thus can cause a strain on the power train and suspension of tanks, prompting some commanders like General George S. Patton to ban the usage of improvised armour to improve tank reliability. The most useful add-on armour was the welding of additional sheets of metal onto the tank, as seen in the well-received reception of the up-armoured M4 Sherman in the form of the [[M4A3E2]] Jumbos.
 From Update 1.57, a modification known as the ''Add-on Armour'' was added onto certain vehicles. The modification adds spare track links along the hull and turret of the vehicle. The track links, when added, give an average of 17 - 20 mm of additional armour where they are attached.
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 ==References==
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+;Bibliography
 * Bismarck. "⚜ | Yes, World War 2 Planes Had Armour BUT..." YouTube. YouTube, 17 Aug. 2017. Web. 26 Sept. 2017. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-v5aMayFrRE Video].