War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

Akan m/45 (12.7 mm)

2024-07-11T07:18:19Z

U99323864: /* General info */ edit general infomation

== Description ==
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===


* {{Specs-Link|p-51d-20-na_j26}}
* {{Specs-Link|p-51b_7_sweden}}

== General info ==
Same as M2 Browning machine gun in USA arrament. Bullet name is same as late belt, but belt composition is similar as mid belt.

=== Available ammunition ===


* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|T|M1 tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|M2 armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|M2 armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|I|M1 incendiary}}
* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|AP-I|M8 armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|M8 armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|T|M1 tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|I|M23 incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|I|M23 incendiary}}
* '''Ground targets:''' {{Annotation|T|M1 tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|I|M23 incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|M2 armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|M2 armour-piercing}}
* '''Tracers:''' {{Annotation|T|M1 tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|T|M1 tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|T|M1 tracer}}
* '''Stealth:''' {{Annotation|AP-I|M8 armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|I|M23 incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|M8 armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|I|M23 incendiary}}

=== Comparison with analogues ===
''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.''

== Usage in battles ==

The ballistic characteristics of this machine gun are significantly different to other examples in the Swedish arsenal, so a bit of practice may be required to get used to the gun if the user is not already used to other .50 cal machine guns.

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

The Akan m/45 was the Swedish designation for the [[M2 Browning (12.7 mm)|M2 Browning]], the standard American heavy machine gun during World War II and the main armament of their aircraft. The gun would enter service in Sweden by way of the coveted [[P-51 (Family)|P-51 Mustang]], but while it was sought after by the Swedish Air Force, for most of the war, the United States was not willing to sell them. Despite this, the Swedes did get 4 P-51s over the course of the war that were forced to land in Sweden during the war. In February of 1945, the United States was finally willing to offer surplus P-51Ds to Sweden who would immediately use them in service as the [[J26]]. To go along with the new fighters, the machine guns were re-designated 12,7 mm automatkanon m/45 or Akan m/45 after the year it was adopted. The guns and fighters had a short career in Swedish service before being retired in 1950 for the [[A28B|J28]] (imported de Havilland [[Vampire (Family)|Vampire jets]]).

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


* [[M2 Browning (12.7 mm)]]

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Aircraft machine guns}}

[[Category:Aircraft machine guns]]

VIDAR

2024-02-07T06:23:29Z

U99323864: /* Ammo racks */ Visual discrepancy and add itelic

{{Specs-Card
|code=sw_k9_vidar
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|store=12781
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a self-propelled artillery system employed by Norway since 2022. The system is an export version of the South Korean K9 Thunder Self-Propelled Artillery Gun. Norway acquired the system to replace its aging M109A3GNMs of American origin. Norway acquired a total of 24 K9 Thunder artillery systems. The deliveries started in 2019 and concluded in 2021. The system has some differences compared to the South Korean version, like a combined NBC protection and air conditioning situated at the rear of the turret. This system was given to the ''Artilleribataljonen'' of the ''Brigade Nord'', the only artillery unit in the Norwegian army.

Introduced in [[Update "Sons of Attila"]], the VIDAR is fitted with excellent optics and fire control system. At its BR, it is one of the few vehicles with both thermal imaging system and a laser rangefinder. However, the VIDAR lacks substantial armour. Its best round is a 155 mm HE shell that is capable of destroying most tanks but requires very good aiming when it faces heavily armoured targets like the T-55AMD. The vehicle also has a poor turret rotation speed and no stabilizer, and, being an artillery system, the gun depression is very mediocre. However, it has good mobility for a vehicle of its size, and a very good reverse speed of 42 km/h.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The VIDAR is based on ROKA's K9A1 Thunder SPH, although the vehicle can be said as one of the most modern vehicle in-game, the overall survivability is still not for frontline operations due to its nature of a SPH. The purpose of protection for SPH is for stopping close-call shrapnel from injuring the crew, supporting vehicles like such are usually deployed at the rear of battlefield to support the assault forces - this is no exception for VIDAR.

Thanks to the overall improved armor technology, the hardened armor on both the chassis and turret can now make sure even basic 20 mm ammunition (generally used by non-combat SPAA or as auxiliary weapon by some medium tanks) cannot harm the crew from any direction at ranges of 300 m or above, but do not take it as a medallion to go for the frontline - even weakest autocannons can still tear down the vehicle with relative ease through the turret neck or at point blank range.

The SPG is extremely sturdy and will not take overpressure damage unless obliterated by another artillery tank or hit into three very specific weak spots - the belly right above the tracks next to the turret (not going to happen under normal circumstances), the turret ring (while not impossible, might be difficult to hit before VIDAR fires) or the gun breech (only vulnerable to 105+ mm HE and poses risk of the cannon catching the shell), so anyone trying to parry VIDAR with HESH/HE/ATGM thinking "it's just another SPG" is going to have a very bad time. The kinetic shells will easily penetrate, so having a teammate to cover the flank against random snipers is always a good idea to extend VIDAR's service life for as long as possible.

As for the crews, thanks to the long hull and large engine block, shrapnel from enemy shots to the hull might have a hard time to cause lethal damage to the turret crew (but costs the driver); if enemy players are aware of the huge turret, the crew of four can rotate as generally only two of them will be knocked down by the projectile, unless the detonation of up to 48 shells at the rear of the turret happens, in which case there will be huge fireworks as the turret flies hundreds of meters away.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 40 mm || 35 mm ''Top'' 35 mm ''Bottom'' || 35 mm || 10 - 35 mm
|-
| Turret || 35 mm ''Turret front'' 20 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 35 mm || 35 - 45 mm || 35 mm
|-
| Cupola || 20 mm || 20 mm || 20 mm || 20 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,420|rbMinHp=884}}To drive the K9 series at its enormous size and up to 48 t in mass, ROKA seek STX Engine-MTU joint-venture for the MTU 881Ka-500 V8 engine and SNT Dynamics-Allison joint-venture for the X1100-5A3 transmission, which pushes the vehicle at up to 68 km/h while maintaining a very fast reverse speed (at -38 km/h), making it a very mobile SPH for its size.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|CN98 (155 mm)}}
For countering possible enemies, Hyundai WIA developed the domestic 155 mm CN98 L/52 howitzer for K9 Thunder using NATO standard 155 mm ammunition, it is no exception for the export VIDAR for Norway; thanks to its rather fast reload rate (for the first three shells on the "ready-rack") the and varieties of ammunition, CN98 makes VIDAR a fearsome SPH even against "doomsday tank" and early-Cold War tanks, enemy aircraft will also fall victim of it if VT shell is loaded, turning it into a 155 mm anti-aircraft cannon. Do note that the gun does not have an autoloader and upon severe crew loss the reload speed advantage is lost.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[CN98 (155 mm)|155 mm CN98]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 48 || rowspan="2" | -4°/+70° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 8.8 || 12.2 || 14.8 || 16.4 || 17.4 || rowspan="2" | 7.80 || rowspan="2" | 6.90 || rowspan="2" | 6.36 || rowspan="2" | 6.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 5.9 || 7.0 || 8.5 || 9.4 || 10.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:CN98 (155 mm)/Ammunition|M107, M110, M107 (PF), 155mm OE F3}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Hager's X-Ray view with Vidar.png|thumb]]
[[File:Hager's X-Ray view with Vidar - 2.png|thumb]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! '''Full ammo'''
!'''Ammo'''
'''Type'''
! '''1st rack empty'''
! '''2nd rack empty'''
! '''3rd rack empty'''
! '''4th rack empty'''
! '''5th rack empty'''
! '''Visual discrepancy'''
|-
| '''48'''
|''Projectiles''
''Propellants''
| ''34(+14)''
''31(+17)''
| ''19(+29)''
''21(+27)''
| ''10(+38)''
''3(+45)''
| ''3(+45)''
''1(+47)''
| ''1(+47)''
N/A
| No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 600 (200) || 575 || -6°/+15° || ±180°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

VIDAR's [[CN98 (155 mm)|CN98 (155mm)]] cannon can only inflict damage with HE rounds, so players should be at least aware of how [[Damage mechanics#Overpressure|Overpressure]] works in War Thunder. Having some knowledge of where vehicles can be overpressured (turret rooftops, the upper plates of the hull, areas around hull ammunition storages and so on) is the bare minimum to be able to do any consistent damage to enemy vehicles.

The VIDAR can generally consider two types of enemies as its most noteworthy adversaries; vehicles with stabilized guns, which can fire on the move, and enemy APCs, IFVs, and SPAAGs with high-calibre, rapid-firing heavy machine guns or autocannons. While the VIDAR is constructed mainly out of 35 mm hardened steel plates as opposed to the thin aluminium of its older artillery brethren such as the M109s, it still requires smart planning and quick moving to remain intact. Any enemy main gun will make short work of the VIDAR, and the thin plating can only resist HMG and certain autocannon rounds. Most enemy vehicles must therefore be considered lethal; while the vast majority of 12.7 mm (.50 cal) and 14.5 mm HMG rounds can be shrugged off, anything bigger is much more likely to either fully penetrate or at least severely harm the vehicle. Many 20 mm APDS rounds will go through the armour at normal engagement ranges. Any sort of HVAP or APDS bigger than 20 mm will ignore the steel plates; APFSDS will not even think of it as a barrier between itself and the crew or ammunition load! Here, enemy IFVs such as the Bradleys, Type 89, or BMP series can be considered dangerous opponents to face. An enemy missile hitting the VIDAR is more likely than not to destroy the vehicle.

Using the very good acceleration and turning speeds of the VIDAR will help the commander move quickly from one favourable position to another. Using natural cover such as trenches, ditches, muddy riverbanks, or small clusters of trees will help conceal the vehicle while remaining within viewing distance of the battlefield. The excellent sights will provide the opportunity to spot and engage enemies from afar, and the near-instant-use laser rangefinder will automatically raise or lower the gun to the right horizontal elevation for the targeted enemy who finds himself at the receiving end of the L/52 cannon.

The choice of HE-VT means the VIDAR can successfully engage aircraft. Using the laser rangefinder, one can target helicopters at range, both stationary and moving. With some practice, it becomes relatively easy to engage moving aircraft using the high muzzle velocity, good sights, and good proximity fuzing radius. Enemy planes flying directly against the VIDAR can be "swatted" out of the sky with ease.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great firepower
* Fast reload rate for a SPH
* Agile and nimble chassis
* Thermal imager and laser rangefinder
* 35 mm average all-around armour
** Can't be overpressured from <120 mm HE
** Invunrable against HMGs

'''Cons:'''

* Weak survivability
** Only partial protection from autocannons
* Poor gun depression
* Relatively small first-stage ammo rack

== History ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is an export version of the South Korean K9 Thunder Self Propelled Artillery System, in service with the Norwegian Army. Norway decided to acquire a total of 24 K9 Thunder systems as well as 6 K10 resupply vehicles to replace their aging American-made M109A3GNM.

The VIDAR is operated by the only artillery unit in the Norwegian Army, the ''Artilleribataljonen'' of the ''Brigade Nord.'' The vehicle was manufactured by the company Hanwha Land Systems, deliveries started in 2019 and finished between 2020 and 2021. All units were considered operational by the Norwegian Army by January 1st, 2022.

The K9 Thunder was developed by South Korea, inspired by the American M109 Paladin. The vehicle was meant to be compatible with NATO projectiles and have good mobility to counteract counterbattery fire and change positions quickly and safely. The K9's first prototype was unveiled in 1996. The contract for its development was awarded to Samsung Aerospace Industries and just 3 years later in 1999 the ROK Army started to receive its first units of the vehicle. The first nation to acquire the production rights for the system was Turkey.

The K9 has only seen action in the Yeonpyeong bombardment of 2010, an artillery exchange between South Korean and North Korean soldiers. In this incident, 6 K9 systems from the South Korean Marine Infantry opened fire against North Korean positions.

The K9 has received very good export deals. Competing in the international markets with very powerful systems like the American M109 and German Pzh 2000, it has sold more than 1,700 units, including those for South Korea. Turkey has also fitted their own version of the system, the T-155 Firtina, with 300 units expected to be deployed.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=sw_k9_vidar Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|iaufXbHC0VU|'''The Shooting Range #377''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:24 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8435-development-pre-order-vidar-divine-vengeance-en|[Devblog] Pre-Order: VIDAR: Divine Vengeance]]

{{Sweden tank destroyers}}
{{Sweden premium ground vehicles}}

VIDAR

2024-01-24T07:24:37Z

U99323864: Add ammo rack information, images, Usage in battle

{{Specs-Card
|code=sw_k9_vidar
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|store=12781
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a self-propelled artillery system employed by Norway since 2022. The system is an export version of the South Korean K9 Thunder Self-Propelled Artillery Gun. Norway acquired the system to replace its aging M109A3GNMs of American origin. Norway acquired a total of 24 K9 Thunder artillery systems. The deliveries started in 2019 and concluded in 2021. The system has some differences compared to the South Korean version, like a combined NBC protection and air conditioning situated at the rear of the turret. This system was given to the ''Artilleribataljonen'' of the ''Brigade Nord'', the only artillery unit in the Norwegian army.

Introduced in [[Update "Sons of Attila"]], the VIDAR is fitted with excellent optics and fire control system. At its BR, it is one of the few vehicles with both thermal imaging system and a laser rangefinder. However, the VIDAR lacks substantial armour. Its best round is a 155 mm HE shell that is capable of destroying most tanks but requires very good aiming when it faces heavily armoured targets like the T-55AMD. The vehicle also has a poor turret rotation speed and no stabilizer, and, being an artillery system, the gun depression is very mediocre. However, it has good mobility for a vehicle of its size, and a very good reverse speed of 42 km/h.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The VIDAR is based on ROKA's K9A1 Thunder SPH, although the vehicle can be said as one of the most modern vehicle in-game, the overall survivability is still not for frontline operations due to its nature of a SPH. The purpose of protection for SPH is for stopping close-call shrapnel from injuring the crew, supporting vehicles like such are usually deployed at the rear of battlefield to support the assault forces - this is no exception for VIDAR.

Thanks to the overall improved armor technology, the hardened armor on both the chassis and turret can now make sure even basic 20 mm ammunition (generally used by non-combat SPAA or as auxiliary weapon by some medium tanks) cannot harm the crew from any direction at ranges of 300 m or above, but do not take it as a medallion to go for the frontline - even weakest autocannons can still tear down the vehicle with relative ease through the turret neck or at point blank range.

The SPG is extremely sturdy and will not take overpressure damage unless obliterated by another artillery tank or hit into three very specific weak spots - the belly right above the tracks next to the turret (not going to happen under normal circumstances), the turret ring (while not impossible, might be difficult to hit before VIDAR fires) or the gun breech (only vulnerable to 105+ mm HE and poses risk of the cannon catching the shell), so anyone trying to parry VIDAR with HESH/HE/ATGM thinking "it's just another SPG" is going to have a very bad time. The kinetic shells will easily penetrate, so having a teammate to cover the flank against random snipers is always a good idea to extend VIDAR's service life for as long as possible.

As for the crews, thanks to the long hull and large engine block, shrapnel from enemy shots to the hull might have a hard time to cause lethal damage to the turret crew (but costs the driver); if enemy players are aware of the huge turret, the crew of four can rotate as generally only two of them will be knocked down by the projectile, unless the detonation of up to 48 shells at the rear of the turret happens, in which case there will be huge fireworks as the turret flies hundreds of meters away.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 40 mm || 35 mm ''Top'' 35 mm ''Bottom'' || 35 mm || 10 - 35 mm
|-
| Turret || 35 mm ''Turret front'' 20 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 35 mm || 35 - 45 mm || 35 mm
|-
| Cupola || 20 mm || 20 mm || 20 mm || 20 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,420|rbMinHp=884}}To drive the K9 series at its enormous size and up to 48 t in mass, ROKA seek STX Engine-MTU joint-venture for the MTU 881Ka-500 V8 engine and SNT Dynamics-Allison joint-venture for the X1100-5A3 transmission, which pushes the vehicle at up to 68 km/h while maintaining a very fast reverse speed (at -38 km/h), making it a very mobile SPH for its size.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|CN98 (155 mm)}}
For countering possible enemies, Hyundai WIA developed the domestic 155 mm CN98 L/52 howitzer for K9 Thunder using NATO standard 155 mm ammunition, it is no exception for the export VIDAR for Norway; thanks to its rather fast reload rate (for the first three shells on the "ready-rack") the and varieties of ammunition, CN98 makes VIDAR a fearsome SPH even against "doomsday tank" and early-Cold War tanks, enemy aircraft will also fall victim of it if VT shell is loaded, turning it into a 155 mm anti-aircraft cannon. Do note that the gun does not have an autoloader and upon severe crew loss the reload speed advantage is lost.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[CN98 (155 mm)|155 mm CN98]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 48 || rowspan="2" | -4°/+70° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 8.8 || 12.2 || 14.8 || 16.4 || 17.4 || rowspan="2" | 7.80 || rowspan="2" | 6.90 || rowspan="2" | 6.36 || rowspan="2" | 6.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 5.9 || 7.0 || 8.5 || 9.4 || 10.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:CN98 (155 mm)/Ammunition|M107, M110, M107 (PF), 155mm OE F3}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Hager's X-Ray view with Vidar.png|thumb]]
[[File:Hager's X-Ray view with Vidar - 2.png|thumb]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! '''Full ammo'''
!'''Ammo'''
'''Type'''
! '''1st rack empty'''
! '''2nd rack empty'''
! '''3rd rack empty'''
! '''4th rack empty'''
! '''5th rack empty'''
! '''Visual discrepancy'''
|-
| '''48'''
|''Projectiles''
''Propellants''
| ''34(+14)''
31(+17)
| ''19(+29)''
21(+27)
| ''10(+38)''
3(+45)
| ''3(+45)''
1(+47)
| ''1(+47)''
N/A
| Yes
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 600 (200) || 575 || -6°/+15° || ±180°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

VIDAR's [[CN98 (155 mm)|CN98 (155mm)]] cannon can only inflict damage with HE rounds, so players should be at least aware of how [[Damage mechanics#Overpressure|Overpressure]] works in War Thunder. Therefore player should find a location where you apply the Overpressure mechanism.

There are several features of vehicle that threat to Vidar. First is [[Gun stabilizer]]. Few vehicle equipped Gun stabilizer which help to aimming fast. Enemy can take VIDAR's gunner out easly. For example, Most of [[M4 Sherman (Family)|M4 Sherman]], [[Centurion (Family)|Centurion series]], 8.3+ MBTs. Second is Auto cannon. 35mm armor can protect aviation's cannon and 20mm cannon. Few 30mm or bigger auto cannon can penetrate VIDAR's turret armor and Suppressing fire can hold VIDAR.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great firepower with ability to fire both at medium and long range
* Great reload rate for an artillery tank while on first-stage ammo rack
* Difficult to destroy with overpressure for light and medium tanks
* Agile chassis
* Thermal Imager and Laser Rangefinder
* Can tank 20 mm shells from SPAA and medium tanks at 300 m range

'''Cons:'''

* Poor protection against proper anti-tank ammunition
* Poor gun depression
* Relatively small first-stage ammo rack and slow replenishment, unless parked on a capture point

== History ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is an export version of the South Korean K9 Thunder Self Propelled Artillery System, in service with the Norwegian Army. Norway decided to acquire a total of 24 K9 Thunder systems as well as 6 K10 resupply vehicles to replace their aging American-made M109A3GNM.

The VIDAR is operated by the only artillery unit in the Norwegian Army, the ''Artilleribataljonen'' of the ''Brigade Nord.'' The vehicle was manufactured by the company Hanwha Land Systems, deliveries started in 2019 and finished between 2020 and 2021. All units were considered operational by the Norwegian Army by January 1st, 2022.

The K9 Thunder was developed by South Korea, inspired by the American M109 Paladin. The vehicle was meant to be compatible with NATO projectiles and have good mobility to counteract counterbattery fire and change positions quickly and safely. The K9's first prototype was unveiled in 1996. The contract for its development was awarded to Samsung Aerospace Industries and just 3 years later in 1999 the ROK Army started to receive its first units of the vehicle. The first nation to acquire the production rights for the system was Turkey.

The K9 has only seen action in the Yeonpyeong bombardment of 2010, an artillery exchange between South Korean and North Korean soldiers. In this incident, 6 K9 systems from the South Korean Marine Infantry opened fire against North Korean positions.

The K9 has received very good export deals. Competing in the international markets with very powerful systems like the American M109 and German Pzh 2000, it has sold more than 1,700 units, including those for South Korea. Turkey has also fitted their own version of the system, the T-155 Firtina, with 300 units expected to be deployed.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=sw_k9_vidar Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|iaufXbHC0VU|'''The Shooting Range #377''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:24 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8435-development-pre-order-vidar-divine-vengeance-en|[Devblog] Pre-Order: VIDAR: Divine Vengeance]]

{{Sweden tank destroyers}}
{{Sweden premium ground vehicles}}

File:Ammoracks VIDAR 2.png

2024-01-24T05:55:50Z

U99323864:

Charges located each side of Vidar. Ammo located bottom of hull and rear of turret.

File:Ammoracks VIDAR 1.png

2024-01-24T05:52:36Z

U99323864:

Vidar has 2 ammo in first stage.

VIDAR

2024-01-23T10:13:26Z

U99323864: Add ammo rack information

{{Specs-Card
|code=sw_k9_vidar
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|store=12781
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a self-propelled artillery system employed by Norway since 2022. The system is an export version of the South Korean K9 Thunder Self-Propelled Artillery Gun. Norway acquired the system to replace its aging M109A3GNMs of American origin. Norway acquired a total of 24 K9 Thunder artillery systems. The deliveries started in 2019 and concluded in 2021. The system has some differences compared to the South Korean version, like a combined NBC protection and air conditioning situated at the rear of the turret. This system was given to the ''Artilleribataljonen'' of the ''Brigade Nord'', the only artillery unit in the Norwegian army.

Introduced in [[Update "Sons of Attila"]], the VIDAR is fitted with excellent optics and fire control system. At its BR, it is one of the few vehicles with both thermal imaging system and a laser rangefinder. However, the VIDAR lacks substantial armour. Its best round is a 155 mm HE shell that is capable of destroying most tanks but requires very good aiming when it faces heavily armoured targets like the T-55AMD. The vehicle also has a poor turret rotation speed and no stabilizer, and, being an artillery system, the gun depression is very mediocre. However, it has good mobility for a vehicle of its size, and a very good reverse speed of 42 km/h.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The VIDAR is based on ROKA's K9A1 Thunder SPH, although the vehicle can be said as one of the most modern vehicle in-game, the overall survivability is still not for frontline operations due to its nature of a SPH. The purpose of protection for SPH is for stopping close-call shrapnel from injuring the crew, supporting vehicles like such are usually deployed at the rear of battlefield to support the assault forces - this is no exception for VIDAR.

Thanks to the overall improved armor technology, the hardened armor on both the chassis and turret can now make sure even basic 20 mm ammunition (generally used by non-combat SPAA or as auxiliary weapon by some medium tanks) cannot harm the crew from any direction at ranges of 300 m or above, but do not take it as a medallion to go for the frontline - even weakest autocannons can still tear down the vehicle with relative ease through the turret neck or at point blank range.

The SPG is extremely sturdy and will not take overpressure damage unless obliterated by another artillery tank or hit into three very specific weak spots - the belly right above the tracks next to the turret (not going to happen under normal circumstances), the turret ring (while not impossible, might be difficult to hit before VIDAR fires) or the gun breech (only vulnerable to 105+ mm HE and poses risk of the cannon catching the shell), so anyone trying to parry VIDAR with HESH/HE/ATGM thinking "it's just another SPG" is going to have a very bad time. The kinetic shells will easily penetrate, so having a teammate to cover the flank against random snipers is always a good idea to extend VIDAR's service life for as long as possible.

As for the crews, thanks to the long hull and large engine block, shrapnel from enemy shots to the hull might have a hard time to cause lethal damage to the turret crew (but costs the driver); if enemy players are aware of the huge turret, the crew of four can rotate as generally only two of them will be knocked down by the projectile, unless the detonation of up to 48 shells at the rear of the turret happens, in which case there will be huge fireworks as the turret flies hundreds of meters away.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 40 mm || 35 mm ''Top'' 35 mm ''Bottom'' || 35 mm || 10 - 35 mm
|-
| Turret || 35 mm ''Turret front'' 20 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 35 mm || 35 - 45 mm || 35 mm
|-
| Cupola || 20 mm || 20 mm || 20 mm || 20 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,420|rbMinHp=884}}To drive the K9 series at its enormous size and up to 48 t in mass, ROKA seek STX Engine-MTU joint-venture for the MTU 881Ka-500 V8 engine and SNT Dynamics-Allison joint-venture for the X1100-5A3 transmission, which pushes the vehicle at up to 68 km/h while maintaining a very fast reverse speed (at -38 km/h), making it a very mobile SPH for its size.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|CN98 (155 mm)}}
For countering possible enemies, Hyundai WIA developed the domestic 155 mm CN98 L/52 howitzer for K9 Thunder using NATO standard 155 mm ammunition, it is no exception for the export VIDAR for Norway; thanks to its rather fast reload rate (for the first three shells on the "ready-rack") the and varieties of ammunition, CN98 makes VIDAR a fearsome SPH even against "doomsday tank" and early-Cold War tanks, enemy aircraft will also fall victim of it if VT shell is loaded, turning it into a 155 mm anti-aircraft cannon. Do note that the gun does not have an autoloader and upon severe crew loss the reload speed advantage is lost.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[CN98 (155 mm)|155 mm CN98]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 48 || rowspan="2" | -4°/+70° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 8.8 || 12.2 || 14.8 || 16.4 || 17.4 || rowspan="2" | 7.80 || rowspan="2" | 6.90 || rowspan="2" | 6.36 || rowspan="2" | 6.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 5.9 || 7.0 || 8.5 || 9.4 || 10.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:CN98 (155 mm)/Ammunition|M107, M110, M107 (PF), 155mm OE F3}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! '''Full ammo'''
!'''Ammo'''
'''type'''
! '''1st rack empty'''
! '''2nd rack empty'''
! '''3rd rack empty'''
! '''4th rack empty'''
! '''5th rack empty'''
! '''Visual discrepancy'''
|-
| '''48'''
|''Projectiles''
''Propellants''
| ''34(+14)''
''__ (+__)''
| ''19(+29)''
''__ (+__)''
| ''10(+38)''
''__ (+__)''
| ''3(+45)''
''__ (+__)''
| ''1(+47)''
''__ (+__)''
| Yes
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 600 (200) || 575 || -6°/+15° || ±180°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great firepower with ability to fire both at medium and long range
* Great reload rate for an artillery tank while on first-stage ammo rack
* Difficult to destroy with overpressure for light and medium tanks
* Agile chassis
* Thermal Imager and Laser Rangefinder
* Can tank 20 mm shells from SPAA and medium tanks at 300 m range

'''Cons:'''

* Poor protection against proper anti-tank ammunition
* Poor gun depression
* Relatively small first-stage ammo rack and slow replenishment, unless parked on a capture point

== History ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is an export version of the South Korean K9 Thunder Self Propelled Artillery System, in service with the Norwegian Army. Norway decided to acquire a total of 24 K9 Thunder systems as well as 6 K10 resupply vehicles to replace their aging American-made M109A3GNM.

The VIDAR is operated by the only artillery unit in the Norwegian Army, the ''Artilleribataljonen'' of the ''Brigade Nord.'' The vehicle was manufactured by the company Hanwha Land Systems, deliveries started in 2019 and finished between 2020 and 2021. All units were considered operational by the Norwegian Army by January 1st, 2022.

The K9 Thunder was developed by South Korea, inspired by the American M109 Paladin. The vehicle was meant to be compatible with NATO projectiles and have good mobility to counteract counterbattery fire and change positions quickly and safely. The K9's first prototype was unveiled in 1996. The contract for its development was awarded to Samsung Aerospace Industries and just 3 years later in 1999 the ROK Army started to receive its first units of the vehicle. The first nation to acquire the production rights for the system was Turkey.

The K9 has only seen action in the Yeonpyeong bombardment of 2010, an artillery exchange between South Korean and North Korean soldiers. In this incident, 6 K9 systems from the South Korean Marine Infantry opened fire against North Korean positions.

The K9 has received very good export deals. Competing in the international markets with very powerful systems like the American M109 and German Pzh 2000, it has sold more than 1,700 units, including those for South Korea. Turkey has also fitted their own version of the system, the T-155 Firtina, with 300 units expected to be deployed.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=sw_k9_vidar Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|iaufXbHC0VU|'''The Shooting Range #377''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:24 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8435-development-pre-order-vidar-divine-vengeance-en|[Devblog] Pre-Order: VIDAR: Divine Vengeance]]

{{Sweden tank destroyers}}
{{Sweden premium ground vehicles}}

M6A2E1

2021-06-24T03:30:04Z

U99323864: /* General info */ ammo racks

{{Specs-Card
|code=us_m6a2e1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} American heavy tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]] as a reward for [[Battle Pass: Season III, "Strength athletics"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''

'''Armour type:''' 

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 50.4 mm (44°) + 112-159 mm ''Top''
50.4 mm (46°) + 109-290 mm ''Bottom'' 70 mm(26°) ''Side''
| 50 mm (30°) ''Top'' 64 mm ''Bottom'' || 42 mm(16°) ''Top''
22-105 mm ''Bottom''
| 16 mm - 22 mm
25.4 mm ''Driver, Engine hatch''

5 mm ''Suction port''
|-
| Turret || 230 mm - 275mm ''Turret front'' 133 mm - 235 mm ''Gun mantlet''
84mm ''Opper gun mantlet''
| 65 - 89 mm || 210 - 230 mm ''Top''
125 - 220 mm ''Bottom''
| 25 - 32 mm
27 - 31mm ''Front''
|-
| Cupola || 76.2 mm || 76.2 mm || 76.2 mm || 25.4 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,033|rbMinHp=708}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|T5E1 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[T5E1 (105 mm)|105 mm T5E1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 60 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+15° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 14.6 || 20.2 || 24.5 || 27.1 || 28.8 || rowspan="2" | 20.02 || rowspan="2" | 17.71 || rowspan="2" | 16.32 || rowspan="2" | 15.40
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 10.7 || 12.6 || 15.3 || 16.9 || 18.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| T32 || APCBC || 256 || 253 || 238 || 221 || 205 || 190
|-
| T13 || APCBC || 253 || 250 || 236 || 219 || 204 || 190
|-
| T29E3 || APCR || 292 || 287 || 266 || 242 || 220 || 200
|-
| T30E1 || HE || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| T32 || APCBC || 914 || 17.7 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| T13 || APCBC || 899 || 18.59 || 1.2 || 19 || 177.38 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| T29E3 || APCR || 1,128 || 11.2 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| T30E1 || HE || 945 || 15.2 || 0 || 0.1 || 1,550 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''60''' || 60 ''(+0)'' || 49 ''(+11)'' || 37 ''(+23)'' || 25 ''(+35)'' || 13 ''(+47)'' || 1 ''(+59)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 600 (200) || 577 || -10°/+50° || ±120°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 4,000 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="150">
Image:M6A2E1 BPIII Wallpaper (3840x2160).jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|EY-xuYT0xi8|'''Battle Pass: Strength Athletics''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 03:19 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


* [[M6A1]] - Heavy tank that was the basis of the {{PAGENAME}}.

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USA heavy tanks}}
{{USA premium ground vehicles}}

M6A2E1

2021-06-24T02:58:08Z

U99323864: Armor of veihcle

{{Specs-Card
|code=us_m6a2e1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} American heavy tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]] as a reward for [[Battle Pass: Season III, "Strength athletics"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 50.4 mm (44°) + 112-159 mm ''Top''
50.4 mm (46°) + 109-290 mm ''Bottom'' 70 mm(26°) ''Side''
| 50 mm (30°) ''Top'' 64 mm ''Bottom'' || 42 mm(16°) ''Top''
22-105 mm ''Bottom''
| 16 mm - 22 mm
25.4 mm ''Driver, Engine hatch''

5 mm ''Suction port''
|-
| Turret || 230 mm - 275mm ''Turret front'' 133 mm - 235 mm ''Gun mantlet''
84mm ''Opper gun mantlet''
| 65 - 89 mm || 210 - 230 mm ''Top''
125 - 220 mm ''Bottom''
| 25 - 32 mm
27 - 31mm ''Front''
|-
| Cupola || 76.2 mm || 76.2 mm || 76.2 mm || 25.4 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,033|rbMinHp=708}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|T5E1 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[T5E1 (105 mm)|105 mm T5E1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 60 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+15° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 14.6 || 20.2 || 24.5 || 27.1 || 28.8 || rowspan="2" | 20.02 || rowspan="2" | 17.71 || rowspan="2" | 16.32 || rowspan="2" | 15.40
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 10.7 || 12.6 || 15.3 || 16.9 || 18.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| T32 || APCBC || 256 || 253 || 238 || 221 || 205 || 190
|-
| T13 || APCBC || 253 || 250 || 236 || 219 || 204 || 190
|-
| T29E3 || APCR || 292 || 287 || 266 || 242 || 220 || 200
|-
| T30E1 || HE || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| T32 || APCBC || 914 || 17.7 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| T13 || APCBC || 899 || 18.59 || 1.2 || 19 || 177.38 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| T29E3 || APCR || 1,128 || 11.2 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| T30E1 || HE || 945 || 15.2 || 0 || 0.1 || 1,550 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''60''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 600 (200) || 577 || -10°/+50° || ±120°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 4,000 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="150">
Image:M6A2E1 BPIII Wallpaper (3840x2160).jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|EY-xuYT0xi8|'''Battle Pass: Strength Athletics''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 03:19 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


* [[M6A1]] - Heavy tank that was the basis of the {{PAGENAME}}.

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USA heavy tanks}}
{{USA premium ground vehicles}}

P-63C-5

2021-05-11T14:12:13Z

U99323864: Cannon is same as A-10

{{About
| about = American fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other vehicles
| link = P-63 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=p-63c-5
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_p-63c-5.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,572 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 627 || 609 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 24.2 || 25.1 || 16.8 || 16.8 || rowspan="2" | 289
|-
! Upgraded
| 713 || 663 || 22.3 || 23.0 || 29.0 || 21.7
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 378 || 359 || 262 || ~12 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 410 || < 380 || < 410 || > 420
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 7,000 m || 1,100 hp || 1,705 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 15.87 mm Steel - Plates x 2, lower fore cockpit
* 19.05 mm Steel - Plate, upper fore cockpit
* 12.7 mm Steel - Plate behind pilot's seat
* 12.7 mm Steel - Plate protecting oil cooling system
* 38 mm Bulletproof glass - Windscreen

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Initially, the aircraft's flat speed is not fast enough to outrun Fw 190 A and F-8s that it may face, so it's recommended to upgrade engine performance first. Armament, although it won't improve greatly, is the next recommendation considering how underwhelming it may be on some occasions- do this by researching ammo belts, then improvements to the cannon.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 37 mm M10 cannon, nose-mounted (58 rpg)
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (250 rpg = 500 total)
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 400 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 3 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (1,500 lb total)

== Usage in battles ==


This aircraft is an improved version of the previous Kingcobra carrying the same armament and main gun. The aircraft is still a high altitude interceptor/ Energy fighter, with its turn radius slightly better than before. The quick dive speed and high energy retention allow the player, with the correct altitude, to engage opponents below numerous times using the high yo-yo method. This aircraft should not be used for ground attack due to its average ammo count.

The 37mm M10 cannon is ridiculously powerful. Aim carefully when firing, and do not fire too quickly, lest your gun jam and you lose your main weapon. A single shot to a wing or fuselage of an enemy plane will be all that it takes to bring it down.

The M2 Brownings are similar to the guns on the Bf-109- spotters. Use them to judge the range for your cannon shot. They are almost useless (except for those lucky pilot snipes) offensively.

Unfortunately, the C-5 is relatively superior to its predecessors. It has slightly lower climb rate than the A-10. However, this is relatively trivial as both planes are generally evenly matched. Keep this in mind, though, when selecting your load out of planes.

It is recommended to use the P-63 against large fighters and bombers. It is far easier to hit a bomber with the cannon then a small fighter with it.

Head-on attacks are not advisable- the large cannon combined with the relatively weak M2s make for poor head on accuracy. Only engage in head-ons if you are absolutely confident in your aim.

Boom & Zoom is also an effective tactic with this plane. Its large cannon makes getting shots while diving relatively easy, and its high climb rate and energy retention can get it to safety.

Bomber hunting is also extremely effective with the P-63, a large bomber is far easier to hit with a massive cannon. A single shot can take off a bomber's wing. However, don't spam the cannon. Keep the delay between shots at a 1-1.5 second. Firing too quickly will result in a jam, which makes your plane almost useless offensively.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent dive speed
* Excellent energy retention
* Better-than-average climb rate
* Good flat out speed
* Good cannon damage

'''Cons:'''

* Average turn time
* Worse-than-average performance at low speeds
* Ineffective armament against higher rank aircraft
* Prone to engine damage when being chased
* Default paint scheme makes the aircraft visible at a longer distance
* Rudder locks at high speed making it hard to get guns on target in Boom & Zoom

== History ==


The P-63C-5 was the second production series of the P-63 Kingcobra. The main improvement was the more powerful Allison V-1710-117 engine, capable of producing 1,500 hp on war emergency power and 1,800 hp with water injection. Additionally, the wingspan was reduced by 10 inches. 1,227 P-63C Kingcobras were produced.

Although being produced in the United States, the P-63 Kingcobra was not heavily used by American forces for combat operations. Instead, they were often converted to target aircraft for aerial gunnery training. Most P-63s, though, were exported to the Soviet Union during the war through the Lend-Lease Act.

The P-63 was removed from the Soviet western front in 1943 in order to focus the units on the east for an eventual invasion of Japan. However, both Soviet units and German units reported the presence of P-63 fighters on that front. One Soviet account goes as far as to say that the entire 4th Guards Aviation Regiment (4 GvlAP) was converted to the P-63 in 1944, while they were officially flying the P-39. German accounts also detail the downing of P-63 aircraft by flak guns and fighter aircraft. The official Soviet records still claim that only P-39s were used against Germany.

In the time before the P-63s were transferred to the east, it had been proven as a capable fighter, although there is a widely believed myth that P-63s were used only in the ground attack role. The Kingcobra was able to achieve a number of victories over German aircraft in that time. In the Pacific theatre, P-63s were used during the Soviet invasion of Manchuko and northern Korea. They flew ground attack, close air support, and escort missions in that theatre. The first Soviet air victory with the type in the Pacific was on 15 August 1945, when Lejtenant I. F. Miroshnichenko from 17th IAP/190 IAD, shot down a Nakajima Ki-43 Hayabusa IJAAS fighter off the coast of North Korea.

The Soviet Air Force maintained large quantities of P-63 Kingcobras after the war, with P-63s remaining in service throughout the Korean War in the 1950's.

The French Air Force (Armée de l'Air) received 114 P-63 Kingcobras in 1945. These units were received too late to participate in World War 2, and they were first deployed to Algeria. When the French Indochina War broke out, the P-63s were sent to Indochina immediately. By January 1950, only 60 P-63s remained operational due to a lack of spare parts since the United States refused to provide them. The squadrons equipped with the Kingcobra began to receive the F8F Bearcat in February 1951, and the P-63 was taken out of service soon after. The last flight of a P-63 in Indochina occurred in September 1951.

=== In-game description ===
Bell P-63C-1/C-5 Kingcobra Army Fighter

The most advanced production model of the P-63. The P-63C had a more powerful engine, the Allison V-1710-117 (1500 hp), as well as a short-term water injection afterburner capable of boosting the engine to 1800 hp. The airplane's aerodynamics were changed: an additional fin was added under the fuselage. Other external differences included a carburetor intake and new truncated wings. The area of the stabilizers, however, was increased. Measures taken to eliminate the danger of the plane falling into a flat spin were not entirely effective; however, the plane did spin less dangerously than the P-39 Airacobra, without jerking and twisting the controls around. The plane's armament remained the same as on the A-9 and the A-10.

The P-63C fighter was produced in two major series. The C-1 series featured a multipurpose ventral pylon under the plane, similar to that of the A-1 and A-5 series, which could carry an extra fuel tank or a bomb. 215 of these airplanes were built.

The C-5 featured two additional pylons under the wings, similar to those of the A-6. So, the P-63C-5 could carry three 500-lb (227-kg) bombs or three extra 75-gallon (284-liter) fuel tanks, or a combination of the two.

The number of pylons was the only difference between the two series. The P-63C-5 became the largest series in the Kingcobra's production. By May of 1945, 1,012 planes had been constructed.

The Red Army Air Force's opinion of the P-63 was positive. Pilots noted the plane's high speed, good maneuverability, and powerful armament. The convenient three-wheeled chassis, coupled with efficient brakes, provided good conditions for taxiing, takeoff, and landing, and the plane's handling on the ground was excellent.

In World War II, the P-63 would only see combat in the USSR. In the short military campaign in the Far East in August 1945, the Japanese air force provided no serious resistance, so evaluating the Kingcobra's combat performance in air-to-air combat was not possible.

In all, 3,303 P-63 aircraft were produced, including all modifications. After the war, they remained in service with the Soviet Air Force until 1952-1953. In the U.S., all of the planes were officially retired in 1946.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=usa&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=fighter&vehicle=p-63c-5 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|X2_yfdqtahc|'''War Thunder (Arcade): P-63C-5 Kingcobra - The Finishing Touches''' - ''Paul Walsh''|Kx524F8dFKQ|'''War Thunder <nowiki>|</nowiki> P-63 C-5 Historical Gameplay''' - ''PhlyDaily''}}

== See also ==


; <nowiki>Other P-63C-5 vehicles:</nowiki>

* [[P-63C-5_(USSR)]]
* [[P-63C-5 (France)]]
* [[Kingcobra_(USA)|␠Kingcobra]]

; <nowiki>Other P-63 vehicles:</nowiki>

* [[P-63A-5]]
* [[P-63A-10]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/340956-p-63c-5/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

* [http://www.aviation-history.com/bell/p63.html [Aviation-history<nowiki>]</nowiki> Bell P-63 Kingcobra] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210419004548/https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/r20210415/r20190131/show_ads_impl_fy2019.js Web Archive])

{{AirManufacturer Bell}}
{{USA fighters}}

Gun stabilizer

2021-05-05T10:01:57Z

U99323864: After "Raining Fire" update, it change 15 to 24.

{{DISPLAYTITLE:Gun Stabilizer}}
<div class="object-info clearfix" align="justify">

'''Gun Stabilizer''' refers to the stabilization system present on an armament mounted onto a platform.

__TOC__

==General Info==
The gun stabilizer is a system that improves the tank gun’s aim at the target and preserves (stabilizes) its aim even when the hull vibrates during movement, which allows it to perform effective aimed fire during vehicle movement or when temporarily stopped.

Reaction time and accuracy between target detection and effective hit draw the line between life and death in tank warfare

Currently a stabilizer on specific tanks is simulated with a generic high vertical guidance (elevation) speed on the gun - which, of course, makes firing on the move or after a short stop easier, but still this does not provide a real simulation of stabilizer and fire control systems. After the introduction of the accurate stabilizer simulation, the vertical guidance speed on specifically equipped vehicles will be reduced to real life values.

This new feature will increase realism on machines historically equipped with a gun stabilisation system

The stabilization system for tank guns will be enabled by default for all armored vehicles on where such systems were historically installed. For tanks with the ability to aim the gun using a lever, by default the gun will aim as before, with the help of the aiming mechanism. The button to enable the stabilizer on such tanks will unlock the gun and enable stabilization mode.

-''[http://warthunder.com/en/news/4556-development-gun-stabilizer-en/ Devblog for Gun Stabilizer]''

===Effect of Stabilizers===
There are three types of stabilizers in the game: Single-plane, Shoulder-stop, and Two-plane.

====Single-plane====
Single-plane stabilizer is a simple stabilizer system that only stabilizes on a vertical axis. As such, the sights will still bounce quite a bit if moving fast on cross-country terrain, but it still provides a stable fighting platform when stopping to fire.

Stability while on the move is effective up to 24 kph on most tanks with the system. If the tank moves faster than 24 kph, the stabilizer disengages and the vehicle gun starts bouncing with the terrain until the speed returns to 15 kph.

====Shoulder-stop====
Shoulder-stop stabilizer is not truly a stabilizer in real life, but follows a principle due to the elevation mechanism on smaller caliber guns. This affects tanks with a small caliber gun such as the [[Ordnance_QF_2-pounder_(40_mm)|2-pounder]], which uses a shoulder rest for the gunner to manually elevate the gun. Due to the liberty the gunner had in the elevation on his shoulder rather than on gears, he could hold the gun steady as the tank was on the move and fire with relative ease. Aside from this description, its function in the tank is not as different as the single-plane, just not as fine.

Stability while on the move is effective only to around 8-9 kph before the stabilizer disengages.

====Two-plane====
The ultimate in gun stabilizing system, the two-plane stabilizer represents very stable steadiness with a stabilizing function of the horizontal and vertical axis. This gives a very smooth gun sighting when traveling on cross-country terrain.

Stability on the move is effective on all range speed, though one should caution in firing after moving around rough hills as while the sight remains on target, the gun may still be unaligned for a few seconds before returned to on target.

== Vehicles with Gun Stabilizers in-game (Stabilization plane) ==
''As of v.2.5.1.99''
=== Single-plane, Vertical ===
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
|-
! style="text-align:center" | '''Rank'''
! '''[[File:USA flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:USA ground vehicles]] [[:Category:USA ground vehicles|USA]]'''
! '''[[File:Germany flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:Germany ground vehicles]] [[:Category:Germany ground vehicles|Germany]]'''
! '''[[File:USSR flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:USSR ground vehicles]] [[:Category:USSR ground vehicles|USSR]]'''
! '''[[File:Britain flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:Britain ground vehicles]] [[:Category:Britain ground vehicles|Britain]]'''
! '''[[File:Japan flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:Japan ground vehicles]] [[:Category:Japan ground vehicles|Japan]]'''
! '''[[File:China flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:China ground vehicles]] [[:Category:China ground vehicles|China]]'''
! '''[[File:Italy flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:Italy ground vehicles]] [[:Category:Italy ground vehicles|Italy]]'''
! '''[[File:France flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:France ground vehicles]] [[:Category:France ground vehicles|France]]'''
! '''[[File:Sweden flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:Sweden ground vehicles]] [[:Category:Sweden ground vehicles|Sweden]]'''
|-
| style="text-align:center" | I
| {{Specs-Link|us_lvt_a_1}} {{Specs-Link|us_m3_stuart}} {{Specs-Link|us_m3a1_stuart_usmc}} {{Specs-Link|us_m3a1_stuart}}
|
| {{Specs-Link|ussr_m3c}}
| {{Specs-Link|uk_m3_stuart}} {{Specs-Link|uk_m3a1_stuart}}
|
| {{Specs-Link|cn_m3a3_stuart}}
|
|
|
|-
| style="text-align:center" | II
| {{Specs-Link|us_mk1_grant}} {{Specs-Link|us_m3_lee}} {{Specs-Link|us_m4_sherman}} {{Specs-Link|us_m4a1_1942_sherman}} {{Specs-Link|us_m4a5_ram_2}} {{Specs-Link|us_m5a1_stuart}} {{Specs-Link|us_m5a1_stuart_canadian_5st_arm}} {{Specs-Link|us_m5a1_stuart_td}} {{Specs-Link|us_t18_e2}}
| {{Specs-Link|us_m4a2_1944_germ}}
|
| {{Specs-Link|uk_mk1_grant}} {{Specs-Link|uk_sherman_II}}
|
| {{Specs-Link|cn_m4a4_sherman_1st_ptg}} {{Specs-Link|cn_m4a4_sherman}} {{Specs-Link|cn_m5a1_stuart}} {{Specs-Link|cn_m24_chaffee}}
| {{Specs-Link|it_m3a3_stuart}} {{Specs-Link|it_sherman_75_37}}
| {{Specs-Link|fr_m3a3_stuart}} {{Specs-Link|fr_m4a1_sherman}}
|
|-
| style="text-align:center" | III
| {{Specs-Link|us_m4_sherman_calliope}} {{Specs-Link|us_m4a3e2_sherman_jumbo_cobra_king}} {{Specs-Link|us_m4a1_76w_sherman}} {{Specs-Link|us_m4a2_sherman}} {{Specs-Link|us_m4a2_76w_sherman}} {{Specs-Link|us_m4a3e2_sherman_jumbo}} {{Specs-Link|us_m6a1}} {{Specs-Link|us_m24_chaffee}} {{Specs-Link|us_m24_chaffee_tl}} {{Specs-Link|us_t14}} {{Specs-Link|us_t20}}
|
| {{Specs-Link|ussr_m4a2_76w_sherman}}
|
| {{Specs-Link|jp_m4a3e8_76w_sherman}} {{Specs-Link|jp_m24_chaffee}}
| {{Specs-Link|cn_m4a1_76w_sherman}}
| {{Specs-Link|it_m4a4_sherman}} {{Specs-Link|it_m24_chaffee}}
| {{Specs-Link|fr_m4a3e2_sherman_jumbo}} {{Specs-Link|fr_m4a4_sherman}}
|
|-
| style="text-align:center" | IV
| {{Specs-Link|us_m4a3e8_76w_sherman}} {{Specs-Link|us_m4a3e2_76w_sherman_jumbo}} {{Specs-Link|us_t25}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| style="text-align:center" | V
|
|
| {{Specs-Link|ussr_t_10a}}
|
|
| {{Specs-Link|cn_type_59}}
|
|
|
|-
| style="text-align:center" | VI
|
|
| {{Specs-Link|ussr_bmp_3}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|}

=== Shoulder-stop, Vertical ===
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
|-
! style="text-align:center" | '''Rank'''
! '''[[File:USA flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:USA ground vehicles]] [[:Category:USA ground vehicles|USA]]'''
! '''[[File:Germany flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:Germany ground vehicles]] [[:Category:Germany ground vehicles|Germany]]'''
! '''[[File:USSR flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:USSR ground vehicles]] [[:Category:USSR ground vehicles|USSR]]'''
! '''[[File:Britain flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:Britain ground vehicles]] [[:Category:Britain ground vehicles|Britain]]'''
! '''[[File:Japan flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:Japan ground vehicles]] [[:Category:Japan ground vehicles|Japan]]'''
! '''[[File:China flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:China ground vehicles]] [[:Category:China ground vehicles|China]]'''
! '''[[File:Italy flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:Italy ground vehicles]] [[:Category:Italy ground vehicles|Italy]]'''
! '''[[File:France flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:France ground vehicles]] [[:Category:France ground vehicles|France]]'''
! '''[[File:Sweden flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:Sweden ground vehicles]] [[:Category:Sweden ground vehicles|Sweden]]'''
|-
| style="text-align:center" | I
| {{Specs-Link|us_m2a4}} {{Specs-Link|us_m2a4_1st_armor_div}} {{Specs-Link|us_m8_greyhound}}
| {{Specs-Link|germ_pzkpfw_35t}} {{Specs-Link|germ_pzkpfw_38t_ausf_A}} {{Specs-Link|germ_pzkpfw_38t_ausf_F}} {{Specs-Link|germ_pzkpfw_II_ausf_C}} {{Specs-Link|germ_pzkpfw_II_ausf_C_DAK}} {{Specs-Link|germ_pzkpfw_II_ausf_F}} {{Specs-Link|germ_sdkfz_221_s_pz_b_41}}
|
| {{Specs-Link|uk_a_13_mk1}} {{Specs-Link|uk_a_13_mk1_3rd_rtr}} {{Specs-Link|uk_a_13_mk2}} {{Specs-Link|uk_a_13_mk2_1939}} {{Specs-Link|uk_daimler_mk_2}} {{Specs-Link|uk_a1e1_independent}} {{Specs-Link|uk_a17_mk_1_tetrarch}}
| {{Specs-Link|jp_type_97_chi_ha}} {{Specs-Link|jp_type_97_kai}} {{Specs-Link|jp_type_97_kai_td}} {{Specs-Link|jp_type_95_ha_go}} {{Specs-Link|jp_type_95_ha_go_commander}} {{Specs-Link|jp_type_89b_i_go_otsu}} {{Specs-Link|jp_type_2_ka_mi}} {{Specs-Link|jp_type_98_ke_ni}}
| {{Specs-Link|cn_type_97_chi_ha}} {{Specs-Link|cn_type_97_kai}} {{Specs-Link|cn_m8_greyhound}}
| {{Specs-Link|it_l3_cc}}
| {{Specs-Link|fr_amc_34}} {{Specs-Link|fr_amc_35}} {{Specs-Link|fr_amr_35_zt3}} {{Specs-Link|fr_renault_d2}} {{Specs-Link|fr_fcm_36}} {{Specs-Link|fr_hotchkiss_h35}} {{Specs-Link|fr_hotchkiss_h39}} {{Specs-Link|fr_hotchkiss_h39_cambronne}} {{Specs-Link|fr_renault_r39}} {{Specs-Link|fr_somua_s35}}
|
|-
| style="text-align:center" | II
|
|
|
| {{Specs-Link|uk_armored_car_aec_mk_2}} {{Specs-Link|uk_a_22_mk_1_churchill_1941}} {{Specs-Link|uk_a27m_cromwell_1}} {{Specs-Link|uk_crusader_mk_2_the_saint}} {{Specs-Link|uk_crusader_mk_2}} {{Specs-Link|uk_crusader_mk_3}} {{Specs-Link|uk_matilda_hedgehog}} {{Specs-Link|uk_a_12_mk_2_matilda_2}} {{Specs-Link|uk_marmon_herrington_mk_6_2pdr}} {{Specs-Link|uk_marmon_herrington_mk_6_6pdr}} {{Specs-Link|uk_valentine_mk_1}}
| {{Specs-Link|jp_type_1_chi_he}} {{Specs-Link|jp_type_1_chi_he_5th_regiment}}
|
|
| {{Specs-Link|fr_b1_bis}} {{Specs-Link|fr_b1_ter}} {{Specs-Link|fr_crusader_mk_2}}
|
|-
| style="text-align:center" | III
|
| {{Specs-Link|germ_infanterie_kampfpanzer_churchill}}
|
| {{Specs-Link|uk_a_22b_mk_3_churchill_1942}}
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|}

=== Two-plane ===
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
|-
! style="text-align:center" | '''Rank'''
! '''[[File:USA flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:USA ground vehicles]] [[:Category:USA ground vehicles|USA]]'''
! '''[[File:Germany flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:Germany ground vehicles]] [[:Category:Germany ground vehicles|Germany]]'''
! '''[[File:USSR flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:USSR ground vehicles]] [[:Category:USSR ground vehicles|USSR]]'''
! '''[[File:Britain flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:Britain ground vehicles]] [[:Category:Britain ground vehicles|Britain]]'''
! '''[[File:Japan flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:Japan ground vehicles]] [[:Category:Japan ground vehicles|Japan]]'''
! '''[[File:China flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:China ground vehicles]] [[:Category:China ground vehicles|China]]'''
! '''[[File:Italy flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:Italy ground vehicles]] [[:Category:Italy ground vehicles|Italy]]'''
! '''[[File:France flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:France ground vehicles]] [[:Category:France ground vehicles|France]]'''
! '''[[File:Sweden flag.png|60px|border|link=Category:Sweden ground vehicles]] [[:Category:Sweden ground vehicles|Sweden]]'''
|-
| style="text-align:center" | III
|
|
|
|
|
|
| {{Specs-Link|it_oto_r3_t20_fa}}
|
|
|-
| style="text-align:center" | IV
|
|
| {{Specs-Link|ussr_pt_76b}}
| {{Specs-Link|uk_fv221_caernarvon}} {{Specs-Link|uk_centurion_action_x}} {{Specs-Link|uk_centurion_mk_3}} {{Specs-Link|uk_fv4202}} {{Specs-Link|uk_centurion_mk_3_ss11}}
|
|
|
|
| {{Specs-Link|sw_strv_81}} {{Specs-Link|sw_strv_81_rb52}}
|-
| style="text-align:center" | V
|
|
|
| {{Specs-Link|uk_centurion_mk_10}} {{Specs-Link|uk_centurion_mk_5_raac}} {{Specs-Link|uk_conqueror_mk_2}} {{Specs-Link|uk_falcon}} {{Specs-Link|uk_vickers_mbt_mk_1}}
| {{Specs-Link|jp_st_b1}}
| {{Specs-Link|cn_ptl_02}} {{Specs-Link|cn_type_69}}
| {{Specs-Link|it_aubl_74_60_70m}} {{Specs-Link|it_b1_centauro}} {{Specs-Link|it_otobreda_sidam_25}}
|
| {{Specs-Link|sw_strv_101}} {{Specs-Link|sw_veak_40}}
|-
| style="text-align:center" | VI
| {{Specs-Link|us_m1_ip_abrams}} {{Specs-Link|us_m1_abrams}} {{Specs-Link|us_m3_bradley}} {{Specs-Link|us_m3a3_bradley}} {{Specs-Link|us_m60a1}} {{Specs-Link|us_m60a1_rise_passive_era}} {{Specs-Link|us_m60a2}} {{Specs-Link|us_m60a3_tts}} {{Specs-Link|us_m247}} {{Specs-Link|us_m551}} {{Specs-Link|us_mbt_70}} {{Specs-Link|us_merkava_mk_1}} {{Specs-Link|us_merkava_mk_2b_late}} {{Specs-Link|us_xm_8}} {{Specs-Link|us_xm1_chrysler}} {{Specs-Link|us_xm1_gm}} {{Specs-Link|us_xm_803}}
| {{Specs-Link|germ_leopard_c2_mexas}} {{Specs-Link|germ_th_800_bismark}} {{Specs-Link|germ_flakpz_I_Gepard}} {{Specs-Link|germ_kpz_70}} {{Specs-Link|germ_leopard_1a5}} {{Specs-Link|germ_leopard_2a4}} {{Specs-Link|germ_leopard_2k}} {{Specs-Link|germ_leopard_I_a1}} {{Specs-Link|germ_leopard_a1a1_120}} {{Specs-Link|germ_mkpz_super_m48}} {{Specs-Link|germ_radpanzer_90}} {{Specs-Link|germ_thyssen_henschel_tam}} {{Specs-Link|germ_vt_1_2}}
| {{Specs-Link|ussr_bmp_2}} {{Specs-Link|ussr_bmp_3}} {{Specs-Link|ussr_it_1}} {{Specs-Link|ussr_object_279}} {{Specs-Link|ussr_object_685}} {{Specs-Link|ussr_object_906}} {{Specs-Link|ussr_t_10m}} {{Specs-Link|ussr_t_55a}} {{Specs-Link|ussr_t_55_am}} {{Specs-Link|ussr_t_62}} {{Specs-Link|ussr_t_62m1}} {{Specs-Link|ussr_t_64a_1971}} {{Specs-Link|ussr_t_64_b_1984}} {{Specs-Link|ussr_t_72a}} {{Specs-Link|ussr_t_72av_turms}} {{Specs-Link|ussr_t_72b}} {{Specs-Link|ussr_t_72b_1989}} {{Specs-Link|ussr_t_80b}} {{Specs-Link|ussr_zsu_23_4}} {{Specs-Link|ussr_zsu_37_2}}
| {{Specs-Link|uk_challenger_1}} {{Specs-Link|uk_challenger_mk_3}} {{Specs-Link|uk_chieftain_marksman}} {{Specs-Link|uk_chieftain_mk_3}} {{Specs-Link|uk_chieftain_mk_5}} {{Specs-Link|uk_chieftain_mk_10}} {{Specs-Link|uk_olifant_mk_1a}} {{Specs-Link|uk_olifant_mk_2}} {{Specs-Link|uk_rooikat_105_td}} {{Specs-Link|uk_rooikat_76}} {{Specs-Link|uk_rooikat_mttd}} {{Specs-Link|uk_centurion_shot_kal_d}} {{Specs-Link|uk_stormer_hvm}} {{Specs-Link|uk_fv102_striker}} {{Specs-Link|uk_vfm_5}} {{Specs-Link|uk_vickers_mk7}} {{Specs-Link|uk_rooikat_za_35}} {{Specs-Link|uk_ratel_zt3}}
| {{Specs-Link|jp_type_74}} {{Specs-Link|jp_type_74_f}} {{Specs-Link|jp_type_74_mod_g_kai}} {{Specs-Link|jp_type_87}} {{Specs-Link|jp_type_89}}
| {{Specs-Link|cn_cm11}} {{Specs-Link|cn_m60a3_tts}} {{Specs-Link|cn_ptz_89}} {{Specs-Link|cn_t_62}} {{Specs-Link|cn_type_69_2g}} {{Specs-Link|cn_type_59d}} {{Specs-Link|cn_ztz_96}} {{Specs-Link|cn_ztz_96a}}
| {{Specs-Link|it_c1_ariete_preserie}} {{Specs-Link|it_b1_centauro_romor}} {{Specs-Link|it_leopard_1a5}} {{Specs-Link|it_of_40_mtca}} {{Specs-Link|it_of_40_mk_2a}}
| {{Specs-Link|fr_amx_30_super}} {{Specs-Link|fr_amx_32}} {{Specs-Link|fr_amx_40}}
| {{Specs-Link|sw_cv_90105_tml}} {{Specs-Link|sw_ikv_91_105}} {{Specs-Link|sw_lvkv_90c}} {{Specs-Link|sw_strf_9056}} {{Specs-Link|sw_strf_90c}} {{Specs-Link|sw_strv_104}} {{Specs-Link|sw_strv_121}}
|-
| style="text-align:center" | VII
| {{Specs-Link|us_hstv_l}} {{Specs-Link|us_m1a1_abrams}} {{Specs-Link|us_m1a2_abrams}} {{Specs-Link|us_m60a3_slep}} {{Specs-Link|us_m1128_mgs}} {{Specs-Link|us_merkava_mk_3d}}
| {{Specs-Link|germ_leopard_2pl}} {{Specs-Link|germ_leopard_2a5}} {{Specs-Link|germ_leopard_2a6}} {{Specs-Link|germ_thyssen_henschel_tam_2c}}
| {{Specs-Link|ussr_bmp_2m}} {{Specs-Link|ussr_t_72b3_2011}} {{Specs-Link|ussr_t_80u}} {{Specs-Link|ussr_t_90a}} {{Specs-Link|ussr_zprk_2s6}}
| {{Specs-Link|uk_challenger_II}} {{Specs-Link|uk_challenger_2_dorchester}} {{Specs-Link|uk_ttd}}
| {{Specs-Link|jp_type_16}} {{Specs-Link|jp_type_90}} {{Specs-Link|jp_type_90b}} {{Specs-Link|jp_type_93}}
| {{Specs-Link|cn_ztz_99}}
| {{Specs-Link|it_c1_ariete}} {{Specs-Link|it_c1_ariete_pso}} {{Specs-Link|it_centauro_mgs_120}} {{Specs-Link|it_otomatic}} {{Specs-Link|it_otobreda_sidam_25_mistral}}
| {{Specs-Link|fr_leclerc_s1}} {{Specs-Link|fr_leclerc_s2}}
| {{Specs-Link|sw_cv_90120}} {{Specs-Link|sw_strv_122}} {{Specs-Link|sw_strv_122b_plss}}
|-
|}

==History==
''To be Filled''

== Media ==


;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|RcRpeSSwpvE|'''British presentation of the gun stabilizer on the [[Centurion Mk 3]]''' - ''British Pathé''|gCW-2_qPlQw|'''A modern gun stabilizer on a Leopard 2A4 tank shows what it can do with a beer mug''' - ''ivan majic''|z2avxQNPGIA|'''Effect of stabilization on vehicle's gunnery''' - ''Inceptor57''|TLQdKk-NRv8|'''Stabilizer effect while on the move''' - ''Inceptor57''|N6PVSequHlM|'''The Shooting Range #37''' - ''Special'' section at 02:38 discusses the gun stabilizers.|fNDrBysixQM|'''The Shooting Range #41''' - ''Special'' section at 00:25 discusses the stabilized Shermans.|W6WWooehhFw|'''The Shooting Range #145''' - ''Tactics & Strategy'' section at 09:27 discusses gun stabilizers.}}

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/4556-development-gun-stabilizer-en|[Devblog] Gun Stabilizer]]
* [[wt:en/game/changelog/current/677|Update 1.67 "Assault" Changelog - List of vehicles with Gun stabilizers]]

[[Category:Game mechanics]]

Tank ammunition

2021-05-04T01:18:42Z

U99323864: After 1.99.1 version, almost tanks have heat-fs in primary

Throughout the past century of tank development, a large range of ammunition types have been produced and seen combat. As time progressed, technology improved and rounds also improved in terms of lethality, accuracy and ballistic performance. Despite this, most rounds can be categorised under one of two primary categories: '''kinetic''' rounds and '''chemical''' rounds; and further under a variety of subcategories.

== Kinetic energy shells ==
'''Kinetic rounds''' penetrate and deal damage based on a number of factors; shell type, projectile mass, round velocity and material hardness. Mass, shell type and hardness are constants, but velocity reduces with distance travelled and as such at longer ranges kinetic rounds will lose penetration ability and in some cases post-penetration efficacy. Most kinetic rounds can hit targets through lighter obstacles - trees, walls and some buildings. Under the right circumstances, solid kinetic rounds can penetrate multiple vehicles along their trajectory.

=== Solid Armour-Piercing Rounds ===
Solid AP rounds are a kinetic munition that utilise a hardened metal (often steel) shell with full-calibre diameter. The result is a simple, yet effective anti-tank round that will punch through armour with high equivalent thickness values, while retaining reasonable post-penetration effects which, when well-placed, can deal significant internal damage to components and crew directly within the shrapnelling path. The amount of spalling generated by a successful AP penetration depends on the shell mass and thickness of the penetrated armour and modules. Generally, solid AP does not stop until it has exhausted all of its force and is capable of passing through an entire vehicle if this energy is not fully expended.
==== Armour-Piercing (AP) ====
[[File:Icon rnd ap.png|left|frameless]] Armour-Piercing is a basic solid steel shot which is entirely reliant on kinetic energy to penetrate and deal damage. Providing the round possesses enough energy to penetrate any given armour, it will deal internal damage from steel fragments and spalling of the internal surfaces which can damage vehicle components, stored ammunition and crew members.

''AP is a standard early World War II ammunition for many nations. In War Thunder, AP rounds should be used as a general use anti-armour round, with careful round placement to maximise post-penetration damage. Some nations, such as the British, have modified versions of AP, usually denoted by a "HV" in the name, which is launched at a higher velocity than standard AP rounds, resulting in higher penetration potential.''

==== Armour-Piercing, Capped (APC) ====
[[File:Icon rnd apc.png|left|frameless]] APC rounds have a nose cone (or cap) of softer metal which is fixed to the front of the solid shot. When this strikes the target armour the shock of the impact is transferred away from the tip of the round to the neck, helping prevent shattering. Additionally, the cap will collapse on contact with armour and the deformation will cause the round to angle towards the armour, more efficiently directing energy into the armour and improving the angled performance of the round. A downside of the cap is a decrease in long-range accuracy due to the cap interfering with the shell's aerodynamics.
[[File:APC Normalization.gif|thumb|Display of shell normalization as an effect of a capped (APC) shell (clickable gif)]]

''APC is commonly found as a mid-tier shell for both the British and French on their mid-to-late WW2 vehicles. In War Thunder, APC is best used as a short-to-mid range round for combatting angled armour that regular AP rounds may not easily penetrate.''

==== Armour-Piercing, Ballistic Capped (APBC) ====
[[File:Icon rnd apbc.png|left|frameless]] APBC rounds utilise a ballistic cap, designed to improve aerodynamic performance and hence round performance at longer ranges. The cap usually utilises a soft or brittle metal which collapses on impact and does not aid penetration or angled performance.

''APBC is found on some early Russian vehicles, but is relatively uncommon otherwise compared to APCBC. In War Thunder, APBC is best used as a longer-range alternative to APC or APHE rounds which often exhibit less favourable ranged performance.''

==== Armour-Piercing, Capped, Ballistic Capped (APCBC) ====
[[File:Icon rnd apcbc.png|left|frameless]] APCBC rounds combine the standard cap and the ballistic cap, improving the round's aerodynamic and penetration performance. As such, APCBC rounds tend to exhibit the best 'all-round' characteristics of any conventional kinetic rounds.

''APCBC is found as a high-tier shell for British, French and American mid-to-late WW2 vehicles. In-game, APCBC should be the preferred option given a selection of full-calibre solid shot rounds, when available, and should be situationally switched for APHE rounds if they're available.''

=== HE-Filled Armour-Piercing Rounds ===
HE-Filled Armour-Piercing Rounds take the concept of armour-piercing rounds and add a deadly twist - a quantity of HE filler on a timed fuse, designed to explode after a successful penetration. While the concept sacrifices some structural integrity and thus penetrating power, the destructive ability of an APHE round is nearly unrivalled. The fuse only activates if the shell collides with a surface of reasonable thickness, mostly dictated by shell caliber - though there are exceptions with a slower or faster fuse. After the fuse activates, the contained explosive will be ignited after passing a specified distance, resulting in significantly increased internal damage to a target. Vehicles with rolled homogenous armour side skirts of reasonable thickness can detonate fast fuse APHE early, sometime avoiding internal damage entirely. Tanks with large or numerous modules directly behind weak spots (for example, front-mounted transmissions) can block the entire round from further penetration, or simply block the post-penetration effect from passing. Keep this in mind, and try to aim for locations that will allow detonation as centrally within the target as possible.

==== Armour-Piercing, High-Explosive (APHE) ====
[[File:Icon rnd aphe.png|left|frameless]] APHE rounds utilise a similar form to AP rounds, but incorporate a small chamber of high-explosive filler within the round. This often slightly reduces the round's mass and construction strength and as such APHE rounds tend to exhibit slightly worse penetration performance than their solid shot counterparts. However, upon successful penetration, APHE rounds often cause significantly more damage within a vehicle. APHE rounds have a fuse which will only activate on sufficiently thick armour.

''APHE is primarily found on Russian, German and Japanese vehicles earlier in the tech tree, and on a selection of earlier American vehicles. It should be prioritised for use when penetration is highly likely, or switched for AP or APCR if improved penetration is required.''

==== Armour-Piercing, High-Explosive, Ballistic Capped (APHEBC) ====
[[File:Icon rnd aphebc.png|left|frameless]] APHEBC rounds, similarly to APHE, utilise APBC concepts with the addition of high-explosive filler. Again, the rounds tend to exhibit slightly worse penetrative performance than their solid shot brethren, but significantly more post-penetration damage. APHEBC rounds have a fuse which will only activate on sufficiently thick armour.

''APHEBC is primarily found on Russian and Italian vehicles earlier in the tech tree as a mid-tier round, and on some American and German vehicles. It's ideally used against targets where angled performance is required and HE filler is preferable.''

==== Armour-Piercing, High-Explosive, Capped, Ballistic Capped (APHECBC) ====
[[File:Icon rnd aphecbc.png|left|frameless]] APHECBC rounds utilise standard APCBC designs with added explosive filler. APHECBC is often referred to as 'APCBC' in-game, and can be identified instead by the graphic or the explosive filler content on the round's stat card. As with other APHE rounds, APHECBC significantly improves the post-penetration lethality over that of a standard APCBC round. APHECBC rounds have a fuse which will only activate on sufficiently thick armour.

''APHECBC is found throughout the Russian tech tree as a high-tier round, and on some Japanese, American and German vehicles. APHECBC should be used preferentially and interchangeably with a high-penetration round where available.''

=== Sub-Calibre Armour-Piercing Rounds ===
Sub-Calibre AP rounds are, essentially, what they say on the label - the penetrator itself is of a smaller calibre than the gun barrel, using a 'sabot' to make up the calibre difference. How the sabot is handled is dependent on the type of round - it may be either discarding or non-discarding. Sub-calibre rounds sacrifice post-penetration effectiveness for high round velocities and high penetration values.

==== Armour-Piercing, Composite, Rigid (APCR) ====
[[File:Icon rnd apcr.png|left|frameless]] APCR rounds often use tungsten carbide or other extremely hard metals as a sub-calibre penetrator, wrapped within a softer full-calibre sabot - the APCR concept is essentially a predecessor to the APDS design. Upon impact, the soft shell will deform, allowing the hard metal penetrator contained within to penetrate the target's armour with force spread over a smaller surface area, resulting in significantly better penetration ability. APCR rounds often suffer due to their more concentrated post-penetration damage, as well as faster penetration drop-off over range than a standard AP round of the same calibre. Due to their design, APCR perform extremely poorly when fired upon angled armour, and will ricochet on much smaller angles than AP or APDS.

''APCR is found throughout most tech trees, most commonly available to vehicles from mid-WW2 through to early cold war vehicles. APCR rounds are best used against minimally angled armour, where other rounds will be unable to penetrate.''

==== Armour-Piercing, Discarding Sabot (APDS) ====
[[File:Icon rnd apds.png|left|frameless]] APDS rounds utilise a hard core as a sub-calibre penetrator, with a full calibre sabot. Unlike APCR rounds, APDS rounds discard their sabot after exiting the cannon barrel. The result is an extremely high-velocity round with particularly high penetration values and good ranged accuracy. Unlike APCR, APDS does not suffer when used against angled armour. APDS produces a minimal amount of post-penetration damage - this can be attributed to the shell degradation the thicker the armour it has to penetrate. The thicker the armour, the more it deteriorates and the less spalling it will cause. Once the round deteriorates far enough, it will shatter. This is especially apparent for small-calibre APDS, or when used against some extremely heavy vehicles. Due to this, careful aim is required when utilising APDS rounds to maximise their post-penetration effect.

''APDS is first made available on post-WW2 British vehicles, and is available to most vehicles in possession of an [[Royal Ordnance L7A1 (105 mm)|L7]]-derived cannon. In War Thunder, APDS is best used as a long-range round, with multiple shots often being a necessity due to the lack of post-penetration damage. APDS can be quite ineffective against lightly-armoured vehicles and the frontal armour of super heavy tanks.''

==== Armour-Piercing, Fin-Stabilised, Discarding Sabot (APFSDS) ====
[[File:Icon rnd apfsds.png|left|frameless]] APFSDS is the pinnacle of the kinetic anti-armour rounds. As with APDS, APFSDS utilises an extremely hard penetrator and a discarding sabot, however the penetrator is usually significantly longer than that of APDS and incorporates fins for improved long-range ballistics. The additional penetrator length improves the post-penetration damage effects. APFSDS rounds are the most powerful kinetic rounds available in-game.

''APFSDS is first made available to some late Rank V vehicles, and is few the primary round for most Rank VI or VII vehicles. Due to the extremely high velocity most APFSDS rounds are fired at, they are easy to aim and maintain their effective performance at even extreme ranges. APFSDS is quite ineffective against lightly-armoured vehicles and should be aimed at critical components to maximise their damage potential.''

== Chemical energy shells ==
'''Chemical energy shells''' deal damage based on a chemical reaction, and unlike kinetic shells, their ability to penetrate and deal damage are unaffected by the shell's velocity. This means that target distance often doesn't affect the round's effectiveness. However, this also means that enemy tanks spaced and composite armour can be much more effective at preventing the damage, depending on the shell type used. Many chemical shells utilise extremely sensitive fuses and will detonate upon touching anything, while almost none of them can be fired through solid obstacles. Many chemical rounds have a very low muzzle velocity, reducing their effective range but allowing the user to launch them over terrain.

=== High-Explosive Rounds ===
High-Explosive rounds are a simple shell packed full of a high-explosive material, primarily designed for anti-infantry and anti-emplacement applications. However, this translates surprisingly well when applied to light vehicles - significantly more so than armour-piercing rounds or in some cases even APHE rounds. Unfortunately, most HE-based rounds are relatively useless against well-armoured vehicles and force their user to target flaws in an enemy tank design.

==== High-Explosive (HE) ====
[[File:Icon rnd he.png|left|frameless]] High-Explosive rounds are primarily intended for use as an anti-infantry/anti-emplacement round. As such, HE rounds tend to have minimal armour-piercing capability and are better used against particularly lightly armoured vehicles, although on occasion it can prove effective against the sides of a vehicle. Particularly high-calibre HE rounds may cause enough area damage to destroy a tank regardless of the round placement.

''HE rounds are available to almost every vehicle in-game. However, low-calibre HE rounds are ineffective against all but the most lightly armoured targets, so this type of round should only be utilised by vehicles with large-calibre guns, such as the [[KV-2]] or [[Sturmpanzer II]].''

==== High-Explosive Time Fuse (HE-DF) ====
[[File:Icon rnd hevt.png|left|frameless]] HE-DF rounds use the simple concept of a timed fuse, resulting in an explosion at a pre-set range. While HE-DF rounds are no more effective than HE rounds against most heavy armour, they can be particularly effective against light vehicles with a known range or against aircraft (one of their original design uses).

''HE-DF rounds are available to a number of vehicles originally designed for anti-air purposes, such as the [[YaG-10 (29-K)]] and the [[8,8 cm Flak 37 Sfl.]]. They're best used against aircraft by rangefinding the aircraft in question, setting the fuse range to a reasonable assumption based on the result and leading sensibly. They can be extremely effective against aircraft if used correctly, but are mostly ineffective against armoured vehicles.''

==== High-Explosive Variable Time Fuse [Self-Destroying] (HE-VT*) ====
[[File:Icon rnd he prx.png|left|frameless]] HE-VT rounds are an advanced round fitted with a specialised proximity fuse, designed to detonate the round upon reaching close proximity with a target. These are usually designed for anti-air applications, and are generally ineffective against most ground targets.

''HE-VT rounds are available to some later anti-air vehicles, such as the [[OTOMATIC]], or some light tanks, like the [[Begleitpanzer 57]], and are capable of destroying aircraft or helicopters if the round passes within close proximity of the target. They are extremely effective against mid-ranged aircraft but cannot be relied upon for use against armour.''

==== High-Explosive Grenade ====
[[File:Icon grn he.png|left|frameless]] HE Grenades are specialised HE rounds designed to be fired from cannons which may not be otherwise capable of firing high-calibre rounds. They usually operate in a different manner to conventional cannon rounds, utilising a propellant rather than a charge, resulting in a relatively low round velocity and sub-par ballistics. However, this design has proven useful, as the low velocity can be used to 'sling' rounds over small terrain deformations, onto weak roof armour, or into trenches or bunkers.

''HE Grenades are available to vehicles with 'recoilless' cannon designs or other non-standard cannon designs. They are generally as effective as an equivalent HE round, however have significantly lower muzzle velocity and as such are extremely inaccurate at long ranges. HE Grenades are found on various vehicles, such as the [[BMP-1]].''

==== Anti-Personnel Fragmentation Grenade (VOG) ====
[[File:VOG Icon.png|left|frameless|30x30px]]
Anti-Personnel Fragmentation Grenades are grenades intended for use against infantry; they use a lightweight explosive charge alongside a thin casing to produce a large lethal radius via shrapnel.

''At the time of writing, the [[BMP-2M]]'' ''is the only IFV to have an automatic grenade launcher.'' ''VOGs are useful as a substitute to pintle-mounted machine guns, able to destroy terrain elements like bushes, trees, and buildings.'' They are almost completely ineffective against tanks, lacking the required explosive filler and muzzle velocity.
==== Rocket ====
[[File:Icon spr rocket.png|left|frameless]] Rockets are unguided high-explosive self-propelled rounds which are often significantly higher calibre than standard tank cannons. They can be mounted as ancillary weaponry on some vehicles, or in some cases mounted on specialised rocket-carrier vehicles.

''Rockets can be unreliable and inaccurate, but due to their often large calibre, large amounts of HE filler, and ability to continuously launch them until the ammo rack is empty, they can prove effective against some armoured vehicles. Rockets are either mounted ancillary, as on the [[Calliope]] or the [[M26 T99]], or on rocket carriers such as the [[BM-13N]].''

=== Anti-Emplacement Rounds ===
Anti-Emplacement rounds are designed specifically for combatting emplacements, however have proven to have some anti-tank value. They rely on different mechanics to normal rounds, but can prove particularly ineffective against heavy armour.

==== Shrapnel ====
[[File:Shrapnel Round Icon.png|left|frameless]] Shrapnel rounds are a chemical round utilising a thin shell and a chamber of metal fillings or ball bearings with a small explosive charge. Upon successful penetration, shrapnel rounds cause a significant amount of damage. However, due to the thin outer shell, shrapnel rounds only perform well against particularly light armour and are completely ineffective when used against even moderately armoured targets.

''Shrapnel rounds are available exclusively to early Russian vehicles. Shrapnel is exclusively useful against lightly armoured targets, and shouldn't be used against front-facing armour of any other tank.''

==== High-Explosive Squash Head (HESH) ====
[[File:Icon rnd hesh.png|left|frameless]] HESH rounds are designed as an anti-emplacement round. The 'squash head', usually comprised of some form of plastic explosive, is designed to squash onto a surface and detonate, causing the opposite side of the surface to rupture. If the given surface happens to be metal, this will often result in metal shards flying off the surface at high velocity. While in the past, HESH rounds have had improved performance on angled targets, their performance is now completely uniform at all ranges and angles.

''HESH rounds are available to most British vehicles from Rank V, and other vehicles in possession of an L7-derived gun. HESH should be primarily used against lighter armour or side armour, while specifically avoiding side skirts and any other forms of spaced armour, although occasionally the HE splash effect can cause unexpected results. HESH is completely ineffective against heavy armour or composite armour designs.''

=== High-Explosive Anti-Tank Rounds ===
High-Explosive Anti-Tank (HEAT) rounds make use of shaped charges to penetrate armour, forcing superplastic metal through into the crew compartment, damaging crew and modules. HEAT rounds prove particularly effective at long ranges, as their method of action does not lose effectiveness with range. Unfortunately though, the fuse on a HEAT round must be extremely sensitive, causing the rounds to detonate even on bushes and wooden fences that other chemical rounds of high calibre have a chance to pass through. All HEAT-derived rounds have concentrated post-penetration damage, similar to APDS, which travels in a tight cone from the impact point. This often works in favor of the shell when a direct hit is achieved, in some cases allowing it to burn through modules such as frontally-mounted transmissions, dealing further damage to the vehicle's internals. This same effect can prove troublesome when a round collides on a sub-par angle or after penetration there's simply nothing within its cone of effect.

==== High-Explosive, Anti-tank (HEAT) ====
[[File:Icon rnd heat.png|left|frameless]] HEAT rounds are designed specifically as an anti-tank round. They operate with a shaped charge that uses an explosive to force superplastic metal through a vehicle's armour, causing internal damage to crew and modules.

''HEAT rounds are available to a variety of WW2 German and Japanese vehicles, as well as higher-performance HEAT becoming available to some late French and American vehicles, as HEAT-FS rounds cannot be fired from rifled cannons. HEAT is limited in effectiveness and its usage should be carefully considered as many vehicles have armour it cannot penetrate. Due to its low velocity, HEAT often requires a high angle of attack and will arrive at a target on an angle - as such the often impressive 0° penetration statistics will often prove irrelevant, with angled penetration values being more accurate.''

==== High-Explosive, Anti-Tank, Fin-Stabilized (HEAT-FS) ====
[[File:Icon rnd heatfs.png|left|frameless]] HEAT-FS rounds are an improvement over the HEAT concept, using improved penetrative chemicals and utilising fins for improved ballistic performance. HEAT-FS rounds maintain their penetration values at all ranges, and are well-suited to long-range engagements. HEAT-FS rounds are particularly sensitive, and may detonate on light obstacles such as shrubs or fences.

''HEAT-FS rounds become available to many nations from Rank V, although notably the British do not receive HEAT-FS at any stage due to its incompatibility with rifled cannons. At late Rank VI and Rank VII, HEAT-FS may prove ineffective in many cases due to the prevalence of ERA and composite armour. Despite this, it can still be used for ranged engagements against light tanks and medium tanks with insufficient ERA or composite protection, as particularly late HEAT-FS rounds have extremely high penetration power. High-calibre HEAT-FS rounds will reliably hull break light tanks, a mechanic that can be applied against vehicles APFSDS is ineffective against.''

==== High-Explosive, Anti-Tank, Fin-Stabilised, Proximity Fuse [Self-Destroying] (HEAT-FS VT*) ====
[[File:Icon rnd heatfs.png|left|frameless]]HEAT-FS VT rounds are specialised HEAT-FS rounds which utilise a proximity fuse to detonate when in close proximity to a target. They can be used to destroy low-flying aircraft or helicopters, while maintaining their effectiveness against ground vehicles utilising normal HEAT-FS technology.

''HEAT-FS VT rounds are extremely specialised. As of Update 1.93, they are available to only the [[M1A2 Abrams]] and have an identical icon to the standard HEAT-FS. They combine the anti-armour power of a standard HEAT-FS round with the anti-aircraft effectiveness of a HE-VT round. Their proximity fuse will detonate only above a specified altitude, so they can be used normally against other armoured vehicles.''

==== High-Explosive, Anti-Tank Grenade ====
[[File:Icon grn heat.png|left|frameless]] HEAT Grenades are specialised HEAT rounds, designed for use where normal tank rounds may not be possible to utilise. They often use a propellant rather than a standard charge, and as such suffer from low velocity and sub-par round ballistics. Despite this, they can prove effective against tanks due to their HEAT technology.

''HEAT Grenades are available to vehicles with 'recoilless' cannons or other non-standard cannon designs. Their effectiveness is similar to that of an equivalent HEAT round, however due to their low muzzle velocity they can be inaccurate at long ranges. HEAT Grenades are found on various light vehicles, such as the [[BMP-1]], [[FIAT 6614]] and [[Type 60 SPRG (C)]].''

=== Guided Missiles ===
Guided missiles utilise a guidance system (of various types, such as MCLOS, SACLOS, Radar, Heat-Seeking) to accomplish their intended role. They sacrifice round velocity for long-range precision. Different missile types are effective in different applications - some have anti-tank properties, while others are effective against air targets.

==== Anti-Tank Guided Missile (ATGM) ====
{{main|Anti-tank guided missiles}}
[[File:Icon spr atgm.png|left|frameless]] ATGMs largely utilise the same concept as HEAT, however they integrate some form of propulsion and are usually guideable, either manually (MCLOS) or semi-automatically (SACLOS). ATGMs usually pack a large amount of explosive and often have particularly powerful shaped charges. However, they require specialised equipment to fire and tend to be heavy, often resulting in long reload times, especially for hybrid vehicles.

''ATGMs become available through Rank V, and are primarily carried by specialised ATGM carriers, although some tanks have ATGM-capable main cannons and some exceptional designs such as the [[Strv 81 (Rb.52)]] or the [[AMX-13 (HOT)]] mount ATGMs on ancillary pylons. ATGMs are powerful and SACLOS guided missiles are easily aimed, however they travel slowly and well-aware targets may be able to move into cover prior to the ATGM reaching them.''

==== Anti-Tank Guided Missile, Proximity Fuse [Self-Destroying] (ATGM-VT*) ====
[[File:Icon spr atgm prx.png|left|frameless]] Proximity ATGMs utilise proximity fuses to detonate when in close proximity to aircraft. This, combined with their guidance systems (SACLOS) allows them to be used effectively against low-flying aircraft or helicopters.

''Proximity Fuse ATGMs can prove extremely effective against low-flying aircraft or helicopters, and utilise a similar proximity fuse concept to SAM missiles - although often ATGMs pack significantly more HE filler than SAMs do. ATGM-VT missiles are available to specialised ATGM carriers such as the [[Shturm-S]].''

==== Anti-Tank Guided Missile, Tandem Charge (ATGM Tandem) ====
[[File:Icon spr atgm tandem.png|left|frameless]] Tandem ATGMs utilise a twin-stage warhead to overcome ERA - the first stage causes the ERA to detonate, while the second stage penetrates the armour below as normal. This concept does not work against NERA or composite armour.

''Tandem ATGMs are effective against ERA-protected vehicles, and often have very high penetration values. Tandem charge ATGMs are available to high-rank Soviet or Russian ATGM carriers such as the [[Shturm-S]] and [[BMP-3]].''

==== Anti-Tank Guided Missile, HE (ATGM-HE) ====
[[File:Icon spr atgm he.png|left|frameless]] HE ATGMs are a simplification of a standard ATGM; rather than a shaped HEAT charge, HE missiles simply utilise a large quantity of explosive to damage or destroy emplacements or light vehicles or other ATGM tanks.

''HE ATGMs are only effective against light vehicles and missile carriers in most cases, despite packing large quantities of HE filler. They are available to specialised ATGM carriers such as the [[Shturm-S]].''

==== Surface to Air Missile (SAM) ====
[[File:Icon spr sam.png|left|frameless]] SAMs are high-velocity anti-air missiles, designed specifically to combat aircraft using a variety of technologies; often including proximity fuses and radar or heat-seeking guidance.

''SAMs are very effective at long distances against aircraft, particularly helicopters. They are often extremely high velocity and pack a large amount of HE filler for a powerful airburst effect. SAMs are available to specialised anti-air vehicles such as the [[ZPRK 2S6|2S6 Tunguska]] or the [[ADATS]], which, notably, has multi-purpose missiles that are also effective against armoured vehicles. Most SAMs pack less HE filler than an HE ATGM and are only reliably effective against lightly armoured ground vehicles.''

=== Utility Rounds ===
Utility rounds are ineffective for use against other vehicles, but provide value in some sort of utility.

==== Smoke ====
{{main|Smoke screen|l1=Smoke}}
[[File:Icon rnd smoke.png|left|frameless]] Smoke shells are not designed as a damaging shell, and largely consist of chemicals designed to create a smoke screen. The produced smoke has a limited lifetime.

''Smoke shells are available to various vehicles throughout most tech trees, however their effectiveness is somewhat limited compared to dedicated smoke launchers. The main advantage of smoke shells is that unlike ESS or hull mounted smoke canisters, they can be launched anywhere the equipped vehicle can aim, allowing for strategic placement for pushes or flanking maneuvers, or simply firing at an enemy vehicle to force them to move from their position.''

== Media ==


;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|srKv5v9zoGA|'''The Shooting Range #216''' - ''Special'' section at 08:28 discusses Volumetric rounds.|CZqzMhbnvO4|'''Tank Shells Guide''' - War Thunder Official Channel|Qyr_aw3YTe8|'''The Shooting Range #2''' - ''Science of War'' section at 05:11 discusses HESH rounds.|6O3MBjdSsIk|'''Tank Shells Guide - War Thunder ammo types explained''' - ''HowToPlay1337''|ajeqij4_jwM|'''Ammo Types in War Thunder EXPLAINED''' - ''skDoger''|_xCgMBOiA8U|'''High-explosive power''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|lK9Ck3P6AvM|'''Top 7 best rounds''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|fCc_B-wm0wA|'''Post-War Heat Shells''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


* [[Ammo racks]] - How all tank ammunition is stored within the tank

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6856-development-volumetric-shells-in-the-raining-fire-update-en|[Devblog] Volumetric shells in the "Raining Fire" update]]

[[Category:Ammunition]]