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Sho't

2024-05-01T14:48:47Z

U98661543: Grammar

{{About
| about = Israeli medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Sho't (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=il_centurion_mk_5_shot
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The Sho't was the Hebrew name given by the Israeli Armed Forces to the Centurion tanks and their different versions. The first Sho't was a [[Centurion Mk.5/1]] without any relevant modification. The Sho't was introduced to Israel during the 1960s in an effort by the IAF to modernize their tank force. At that time, the IAF only operated modernized Shermans and several WW2-era modified vehicles that were no match for the M48s and T-54s in service with the Arab nations.

Introduced in [[Update "Wind of Change"]], the Sho't behaves equally to the [[Centurion Mk.5/1]]. It is a very powerful tank that relies heavily on its gun handling. Centurions are not characterized by their mobility, firepower or armour. Instead, they rely on their gun handling, thanks to their two-axis stabilizer and a relatively powerful APDS shell. The 84mm gun will not win in terms of penetration power, however; other rounds like that of the [[T-54 (1949)|T-54]]'s 100m D-10T or the [[Leopard I]]'s L7A3. Despite this, combined with the two-axis stabilizer, it can be used effectively to push corners and shoot while moving to avoid enemy fire. This also gives the Sho't a much quicker reaction time since it doesn't have to stop to get a precise shot if it encounters an enemy while changing positions or flanking.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

Players can tell the Sho't in-game as a Centurion Mk.5 right away as the bore evacuator is unique to later variants of Centurion (QF 20 pdr Model B), as well as the additional pintle-mounted M2HB machine gun, though it lacks the headlights found on the Australian variant. The overall protection is totally identical to pre-Mk 10 Centurion variants, which also means that it has the same cramped interior and any penetrating shots can knock out the Sho't right away.

'''Armour type:''' 


* Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull, Turret roof)
* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
|Hull||76.2 mm (58°) ''Front glacis'' 76.2 mm (47-48°) ''Lower glacis''
|50.8 (12°) + 6 mm||38 mm (8-12°)||29 mm 8-14 mm ''Engine deck''
|-
|Turret||152 mm (6-27°) ''Turret front'' 152 mm ''Gun mantlet''
|89 mm (5-12°)||89 mm (1-18°)||50.8 mm ''Border of turret'' 29 mm ''Center of turret''
|-
|Cupola||152 mm|| colspan="2" |90 mm||29 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


* Tracks and suspension wheels are both 20 mm thick.
* The steel boxes around the turret and hull give a 4 mm additional protection, though this seems to be a negligible addition.
* Spaced armour plates are placed on the side of the Centurion, giving an additional 6 mm of side armour.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,007|rbMinHp=575}}

Since the Sho't was directly imported from various sources, it shares identical mobility and its Rolls-Royce Meteor engine; players of British or Sweden Centurions will find themselves at home right away. This also means that the overall mobility is inferior just like most unmodified Centurions.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|20pdr OQF Mk.I (84 mm)}}

The QF 20 pounder Model B cannon on Sho't is identical to other 20 pounder guns in various services; with gun stabilizer and APDS at its disposal, the gun can be used to great effect against late war and early Cold War vehicles where a stabilizer wasn't commonplace.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[20pdr OQF Mk.I (84 mm)|84 mm 20pdr OQF Mk.I]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 64 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 19.0 || 26.4 || 32.0 || 35.4 || 37.6 || rowspan="2" | 8.19 || rowspan="2" | 7.25 || rowspan="2" | 6.68 || rowspan="2" | 6.30
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 11.9 || 14.0 || 17.0 || 18.8 || 20.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The stock round, Shot Mk.1, is an APCBC shell; while its penetration is sufficient to penetrate tanks like Tiger II; it will not penetrate early Cold War tanks like M48A1 or T-54s. Additionally, it doesn't have any explosive filler, so players will need to aim for weakspots or ammo racks to achieve the most devastating damage.

The second stock shell, Shell Mk.1 HE, is practically useless against any armoured targets and not even enough to trigger overpressure damage. While it is still enough to blast exposed crews, it is suggested to ignore this shell.

Shot Mk.3 APDS is another story: its flat trajectory and high velocity helps it in hitting long-distance targets or fast movers. However, the overall post-effect is still quite disappointing, so players have to remember the weakspots or ammo racks just like with the Shot Mk.1.

{{:20pdr OQF Mk.I (84 mm)/Ammunition|Shot Mk.1, Shot Mk.3, Shell Mk.1, 20pdr Shell SS Mk.1}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_Centurion_Mk.5-1.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the Centurion Mk.5/1 (identical).]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
|-
| '''64''' || 63 ''(+1)'' || 59 ''(+5)'' || 52 ''(+12)'' || 44 ''(+20)'' || 37 ''(+27)''
|-
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! 9th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
!
|-
| 29 ''(+35)'' || 9 ''(+55)'' || 5 ''(+59)'' || 1 ''(+63)'' || No
!
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* Racks 8 and 9 are first stage ammo racks. They total 8 shells and get filled first when loading up the tank.
** These racks are also emptied early: the depletion order at full capacity is 8 - 9 - 1 - 2 - etc. until 7.
** Full reload speed will be realized as long as shells are available in the ready racks 8 and 9. If the ready racks are empty, a penalty to reload speed will occur.
** Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from racks 1-7 into racks 9 then 8. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready racks.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|L3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 1,000 (200) || 577 || -10°/+50° || ±120°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm L3A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,750 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

Unlike other Centurions, the Sho't has a pintle-mounted M2HB, giving it some capabilities to fight back against aircraft or lightly-protected vehicles; while the coaxial machine gun has changed from [[BESA (7.92 mm)|BESA]] to [[L3A1 (7.62 mm)|L3A1]] (M1919A4) for logistical reasons.

== Usage in battles ==

Like other Centurions, thanks to the underpowered engine, Sho't is not a fast tank by any means and its 35 km/h top speed makes it lag behind some tanks at its rank, not to mention fast movers like Leopard 1. However, this also means that the Sho't can stay close with friendly heavy tanks (which are still common at the battle rating) and provide reliable fire support for them even on the move thanks to its gun stabilizer. Although the overall protection is not sufficient to withstand shots from enemies, the gun depression angle certainly helps to find hull-down positions and use the gun mantlet to absorb or bounce incoming shells. While some players prefer the high penetration of APDS, some might opt to use the stock APCBC for better spalling; but in most cases where the enemy has thick armour, APDS will be the go-to shell for Sho't.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Has a two-plane gun stabilizer, making it able to shoot on the move
* Cannon with good penetration power
* Has a roof-mounted .50 cal MG

'''Cons:'''

* The ammo stowage in the front of the tank is a huge weak spot easy to target
* Slow for a medium tank being slower than some heavy tanks of the same BR
* 3 out of 4 crew members are on the same side of the tank and can be knocked out at once with a well-placed shot

== History ==

The Sho't participated in different wars in IAF service, of course, not without being upgraded during it's whole life service. The first Sho't fitted by the IAF was acquired in 1958. In this time the IAF was due to receive the Chieftain and was negotiating with Britain to acquire this new heavy tank.

The IAF acquired several Mk.3 and Mk.5 Centurions from different sources while the Chieftain tanks were negotiated, since many arab nations were upgrading their tank fleets with American made M48 tanks and Soviet T-54s that were far superior to the modified Sherman and other WW2 vehicles fitted by the IAF.

The Sho't was modernized in several moments and served with the IAF up until this day. Variants of the Sho't like the Alef/Bet/Gimel/Dalet have appeared and modernize both the armour, mobility and firepower of the vehicle. The Sho't received 105mm guns with modern APFSDS projectiles, it also received first generation ERA made by Israel and several upgrades to the power plant since the Centurion tanks were many times considered underpowered for modern tank doctrine.

The Sho't participated during the Six Days War of 1967 and the Yom Kippur War. The Sho't proved very vulnerable to man portable anti tank weapons like the RPG-2 and RPG-7, as well as AT-3 Sagger missiles, this were weapons fitted in large number by Egyptian and Syrian forces and thus resulted in many Sho't tanks being lost in combat. The Sho't also participated in the Invasions of the Lebanon in 1978 and 1982, were it's vulnerabilities were also demonstrated.

The Sho't has also been converted into other vehicles, specially IFVs and APCs, like the Nagma, Nagmachon, Nakpadon and Puma armored Combat Engineering Vehicle.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=il_centurion_mk_5_shot Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{TankManufacturer Israeli Ordnance Corps}}
{{Israel medium tanks}}

A-1H

2023-04-04T14:55:49Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=douglas_a_1h
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=id50201_a_1h_usa
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} American strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Fire and Ice"]] as a reward for [[Battle Pass: Season IX, "Smell of Victory"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at _,___ m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| ___ || ___ || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | ___
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 797  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 364 || 346 || 252 || ~__ || ~__
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < ___ || < ___ || < ___ || > ___
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The A-1H only has 2 15 mm steel plates on the side and 40 mm of bulletproof glass. The side armour can easily be penetrated with 20 mm rounds.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M3 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** 4 x 20 mm M3 cannons, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 800 total)
** 4 x 20 mm M3 cannons + 60 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|LDGP Mk 81 (250 lb)|AN-M57 (250 lb)|LDGP Mk 82 (500 lb)|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|M117 cone 45 (750 lb)}}
{{main|LDGP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)|LDGP Mk 84 (2,000 lb)|BLU-1 incendiary|Mk 77 mod 2 incendiary}}
{{main|FFAR Mighty Mouse|HVAR|Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP|M134 Minigun (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance presets:
[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png|450px|thumb|right]]

* Without load
* 12 x HVAR rockets
* 98 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 228 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 40 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets
* 30 x 250 lb LDGP Mk 81 bombs (7,500 lb total)
* 11 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (5,500 lb total)
* 18 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (9,000 lb total)
* 3 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (2,250 lb total)
* 3 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (3,000 lb total)
* 3 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bombs (6,000 lb total)
* 11 x Mk 77 mod 2 incendiary bombs
* 2 x BLU-1 incendiary bombs
* 8 x 7.62 mm M134 Minigun machine guns (1,500 rpg = 12,000 total)

==== Custom loadout options ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="5%" | 1 !! width="5%" | 2 !! width="5%" | 3 !! width="5%" | 4 !! width="5%" | 5 !! width="5%" | 6 !! width="5%" | 7 !! width="5%" | 8 !! width="5%" | 9 !! width="5%" | 10 !! width="5%" | 11 !! width="5%" | 12 !! width="5%" | 13 !! width="5%" | 14 !! width="5%" | 15
|-
! 7.62 mm M134 Minigun machine guns (1,500 rpg)
| || 1 || || 1 || || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || || 1 || || 1 ||
|-
! 250 lb AN-M57 bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1, 6 || 1, 6 || 1, 6 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! 250 lb LDGP Mk 81 bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1, 6 || 1, 6 || 1, 6 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1, 6 || 1, 6 || 1, 6 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs
| || || || || || || 1 || 1 || 1 || || || || || ||
|-
! 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs
| || || || || || || 1 || 1 || 1 || || || || || ||
|-
! 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bombs
| || || || || || || 1 || 1 || 1 || || || || || ||
|-
! BLU-1 incendiary bombs
| || || || || || || 1 || || 1 || || || || || ||
|-
! Mk 77 mod 2 incendiary bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
| 7, 19 || 7, 19 || 7, 19 || 7, 19 || 7 || 7, 19 || 7, 19 || || 7, 19 || 7, 19 || 7 || 7, 19 || 7, 19 || 7, 19 || 7, 19
|-
! HVAR rockets
| 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets
| || 4 || 4 || 4 || || 4 || 4 || || 4 || 4 || || 4 || 4 || 4 ||
|-
! "Special weapon"
| 1 || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
|-
| colspan="16" | Maximum permissible loadout weight: 4,337 kg Maximum permissible wing load: 2,000 kg Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 600 kg
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The A-1H can perform well in battles at its BR, either in a CAS role with 30 x 250 lb bomb capacity, 228 x FFAR rockets and 11 x Mk 77 mod 2 incendiary bombs. Once the ordnance is expended, it can also perform decently as a fighter since it has flares, which allows for it to be used in higher tier battles.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Huge and varied payload options, including napalms and rockets
* Access to custom loadout options
* Can mount up to 8 miniguns with plenty of ammunition, capable of destroying any planes with a short burst
* Access to countermeasures, making it an ideal CAS in ground battles
* Four 20 mm cannons are good for ground targets and plane
* Sturdy and armoured enough to tank on machine gun and cannon rounds
* Access to the almighty toilet bomb

'''Cons:'''

* Mediocre manoeuvrability that worsens with a payload you carry
* 20 mm cannons and miniguns have different ballistic properties, can make lining up shot somewhat tricky
* Can face jet aircraft that can easily hunt down and destroy the plane
* Mighty Mouse Rockets are ineffective, requiring a direct hit even against SPAA

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=douglas_a_1h Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|R3ZIU3VGkOE|'''A-1H Skyraider: A Basic Review''' - ''Tims Variety''|NxhYLDgeMOE|'''Battle Pass: Smell of Victory''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 02:23 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|cIV-3ekwmq8|'''The Shooting Range #327''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:27 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


* [[AD Skyraider (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7915-development-battle-pass-vehicles-a-1h-skyraider-en|[Devblog] Battle Pass vehicles: A-1H Skyraider]]

{{AirManufacturer Douglas}}
{{USA strike aircraft}}
{{USA premium aircraft}}

Z.1007 bis serie 3

2023-03-29T14:17:49Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = Italian bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the twin tail version
| link = Z.1007 bis serie 5
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=z_1007_bis_serie3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' ''"Alcione" (Kingfisher)'' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.69 "Regia Aeronautica"]] alongside the initial Italian aviation tree.

Known as ''the'' premier bomber in Italian service, the wooden "Alcione" offers superior speed performance to its tech tree predecessor the [[S.M.79_(Family)|S.M.79]] and better ordnance variety. As a fast medium bomber it can do repeated attack runs per match, with average payload weight, but less than mediocre defensive armament.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

Moderate manoeuvrability at slow speeds with a bad roll rate, the Z.1007 is a generic medium bomber with predictable performance and decent speed to its name. The elevator starts to slowly lock up above 200 km/h and continues to do so in a linear fashion, however it neatly prevents overstressing and breaking the wings with G-forces. Compared to the S.M.79 it lacks combat flaps and leading slats, increasing the stall speed. Further, the Z.1007 also features worse lock up and comparable manoeuvrability. Fortunately the acceleration and top speed are far better, though the Alcione still won't outrun any fighter or heavy fighter.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 437 || 424 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 33.0 || 34.0 || 4.8 || 4.7 || rowspan="2" | 450
|-
! Upgraded
| 464 || 450 || 31.1 || 32.0 || 7.6 || 6.2
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
|{{Specs|1=destruction|2=body}}||{{Specs|1=destruction|2=gear}} || N/A || 391 || 280 || ~3 || ~2
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 260 || < 270 || < 270 || > 200
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Compressor
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
! Setting 1
| 4,000 m || 1,000 hp || N/A
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8 mm steel surrounding ventral gunner
* 8 mm steel surrounding side gunners
* 8 mm steel under control surface lines
* 8 mm steel seat for pilots
* 38 mm bulletproof glass under bomb-aimer*
* 38 mm bulletproof glass in front of front pilot
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (6 in each wing)

<nowiki>*</nowiki>Note that the bomb-aimer is not modeled

The Z. 1007 bis serie 3 is fairly survivable; it takes a few shots to pilot snipe from the rear, as in the narrow fuselage the gunners act as literal meat shields; quite macabre.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Prioritizing bomb payload variety is not a necessity as the default 18 x 100 kg option is very viable. Instead a focus should be on the engine upgrades to boost speed and thusly survivability as well as mission success rate.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|GP 50 (50 kg)|GP 100 (100 kg)|GP 250 (250 kg)|GP 500 (500 kg)|GP 800 (800 kg)}}
{{main|F200/450}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 18 x 50 kg GP 50 bombs (900 kg total)
* 18 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (1,800 kg total)
* 1 x F200/450 torpedo
* 4 x 250 kg GP 250 bombs + 12 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (2,200 kg total)
* 6 x 250 kg GP 250 bombs + 3 x 50 kg GP 50 bombs (1,650 kg total)
* 6 x 250 kg GP 250 bombs + 3 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (1,800 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg GP 500 bombs + 6 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (1,600 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg GP 500 bombs + 4 x 250 kg GP 250 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 1 x 800 kg GP 800 bomb + 3 x 50 kg GP 50 bombs (950 kg total)
* 1 x 800 kg GP 800 bomb + 3 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (1,100 kg total)
* 1 x 800 kg GP 800 bomb + 9 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (1,700 kg total)
* 1 x 800 kg GP 800 bomb + 4 x 250 kg GP 250 bombs + 3 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (2,100 kg total)

Many payload option utilise the wing mounts and consequently reduce the crucial top speed. However only using the internal bomb bay limits the ordnance to a mere 1,100 kg total. Depending on load-out option the external bombs may even drop last e.g. the heaviest last one. On average a single Z.1007 can take out 1.5 bases in an uptier and close to 2 in a downtier.
Noteworthy is the internally mounted torpedo. The F200/450 is, with a drop speed of 300 km/h @ max 100 m altitude (273 ft/s @ 328 feet), quite mediocre, but features a very high in-water speed of 80 km/h (73 ft/s).

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|Scotti M1933 (12.7 mm)|Breda-SAFAT (12.7 mm)|Breda-SAFAT (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 12.7 mm Scotti M1933 machine gun, dorsal turret (350 rpg)
* 1 x 12.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine gun, ventral turret (350 rpg)
* 2 x 7.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine guns, side turrets (500 rpg)

Worse than average the defensive turrets can only boast decent firing arcs, ventral and dorsal turret feature overlapping rear fields of fire. However a frontal gun is missing entirely and is only covered by turning the dorsal turret by 180° which takes time. Armament-wise there is no upgrade from the S.M.79.

== Usage in battles ==


Lacking in both defensive armament and protection, not to mention blessed with early control lock-up speeds, the Z.1007 is pushed into the role of a hit-and-run bomber. Either against ground bases with mediocre success or as ground support against stationary ground units and armoured columns. The latter option is quite viable with multiple drops available per run depending on the load-out, learning the drop order of the payload allows to maximize the effect of each bomb by selecting the appropriate target in ground strike missions.

For [[:Category:Game_modes#Realistic_Battles|tank battles]] the control lock-up disables any dive bombing attempts with a landing you cannot walk away from, even though the wing pylons make it technically possible. Necessitating a straight, direct and deliberate fly-over the target zone with the narrow field of view bomb sight. As this makes the attack run easy to track and even easier to intercept. Thusly it is not recommended for any mixed game mode with the exception of naval battles. With an internally bomb bay mounted torpedo the Alcione does not suffer a speed penalty like many other medium torpedo bombers. Mind though: The travel distance is only 3 km in water and it isn't a small aircraft. A suicide run is the most likely outcome of any engagement, unless one manages to align the attack run with several islands for cover.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Plenty of load-out options
* Decent payload of up to 2,200 kg
* Decent top speed for a bomber
* Good firing arcs for rear facing turrets
* Plenty of armour, protecting (almost) all of the crew

'''Cons:'''

* Average manoeuvrability
* Underpowered, losing one engine impacts flight performance dramatically
* No WEP
* Control surfaces lock-up early
* All guns are only single mounts, making the turrets less effective
* Single tail limits the dorsal turret angles (cannot fire at an enemy directly behind)
* Payload often loaded on wing racks (more drag)

== History ==

One of the three standard Italian wartime bombers, alongside the S.M. 79 and the B.R. 20, the Z.1007 had speed, armament, good range, and an acceptable bombload. It was used on all Italian fronts despite being of all-wood construction. Also known as the Alcione, it was designed by Filippo Zappata, with the prototype debuting in spring, 1937. After 34 original models, production shifted to the bis model, with a more powerful radial engine; over 400 of this model would ultimately be built. They conducted combat tests with Italian forces in Belgium during the Battle of Britain in September, 1940, used for diversionary actions only. Their real combat debut was a month later, during the Greek campaign. They also flew in Africa and the Mediterranean. They were not used much in Russia. A total of 560 were built, with about 60 still in service when Italy surrendered. About 30 continued on after, now in Allied service, in the Balkans. Unlike the later serie 5 with the twin tails (Italian: ''bideriva'') the serie 3 still features a single rudder (''monoderiva'').

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=z_1007_bis_serie3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|67tQxwYb8lc|'''"Update 1.69 - Z.1007 bis serie 3/5"''' - ''TheEuropeanCanadian''|xR8a59w2x5I|'''"Realistic: Z.1007 bis serie 3 (Regia Aeronautica)"''' - ''Jengar''}}

== See also ==


* [[S.M.79 (Family)|S.M.79]] - research tree predecessor
* [[SB 2M-100|SB 2]], [[Ar-2]], [[Ki-49 (Family)|Ki-49]], [[S.M.79 (Family)|S.M.79]] and [[Ju 88 (Family)|Ju 88]] - similar in flight and combat style

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/266497-cant-z1007bister-medium-bomber-official-thread/ [Forum<nowiki>]</nowiki> CANT Z1007/bis/ter medium bomber official thread]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/365182-cant-z1007-bis-iii-serie/ [Forum<nowiki>]</nowiki> Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[wikipedia:CANT_Z.1007|[Wikipedia] CANT Z.1007]]

{{AirManufacturer CANT}}
{{Italy bombers}}

Z.1007 bis serie 5

2023-03-29T14:16:07Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = Italian bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = Z.1007 bis serie 3
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=z_1007_bis_serie5
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.69 "Regia Aeronautica"]].

The Z.1007 bis serie 5 is a relatively versatile medium bomber, sacrificing defensive armament and instead focusing on speed in order to avoid interception. It has a relatively decent bomb-load with several options for use against different kinds of targets from AA, pillboxes, tanks to ships.

The Z.1007 bis is a distinct upgrade over the [[S.M.79 (Family)|SM.79 series]] in every aspect. It can carry an extra 6 x 100 kg bombs on external racks in addition to the internal 2 x 500 kg bombs, which is 600 kg more than any of the SM.79 series can carry. This load-out is the best one against bases. It can also carry an extra 250 kg bomb over the SM.79 series for a total of 6 x 250 kg bombs. This payload is better for destroying tanks, but requires precise aim to destroy pillboxes; the 500 kg bombs may be more forgiving if attacking them from altitude. It can also carry a single torpedo for use against shipping.

In order to make up for the weak power output of Italian engines, the Z.1007 bis has the tri-motor configuration characteristic of Italian bombers. The combined horsepower of the three engines provides decent flight performance, but losing even a single engine will immensely degrade it. The Z.1007 bis is also faster than the SM.79 series, which is fortunate because it has a relatively poor defensive armament despite its good coverage. The dorsal turret can cover 360 degrees, but is armed with only one of the relatively weak Italian 12.7 mm machine guns. The beam 7.7 mm guns are effectively worthless, and should not be depended upon. The ventral 12.7 mm machine gun provides limited coverage to attacks from below.

Compared to its earlier predecessor the [[Z.1007 bis serie 3|serie 3]] it features a twin tail (Italian: ''bideriva'') and a miniscule better top speed.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

With alright manoeuvrability at slow speeds and a bad roll rate, the Z.1007 is a generic medium bomber with expectable performance and decent speed to its name. The elevator starts to slowly lock up above 200 km/h and continues to do so in a linear fashion, however it neatly prevents overstressing and breaking the wings with G-forces. Compared to the S.M.79 it lacks combat flaps and leading slats, increasing the stall speed. Further the Z.1007 also features worse lock up and comparable manoeuvrability. Fortunately the acceleration and top speed are far better, yet the Alcione will not outrun any fighter or heavy fighter, too.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 436 || 424 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 33.0 || 34.0 || 4.8 || 4.7 || rowspan="2" | 450
|-
! Upgraded
| 464 || 450 || 31.1 || 32.0 || 7.7 || 6.2
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
|{{Specs|1=destruction|2=body}}||{{Specs|1=destruction|2=gear}} || N/A || 391 || 280 || ~3 || ~2
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 260 || < 270 || < 270 || > 200
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

Being an all wooden design and designed as a fast bomber, the Z.1007 lacks any sort of protection and solely relies on its speed to survive on the battlefield. Despite the lack of armour it takes a few shots to pilot snipe from the rear as in the narrow fuselage the gunners act literal meat shields, quite macabre.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

# Get ''Radiator'' for the speed boost and also the boost to cooling, then the ''TBC-79''.
# Next, get the ''MCGP250'' and ''Compressor'' upgrades to unlock the 250 kg bombs and a slight performance boost, respectively.
# Unlock the ''MCRO500'' upgrade to use the 2 x 500 kg + 6 x 100 kg bomb loadout. This is the loadout that does the most damage to bases, and the 500 kg bomb is easier to use against pillboxes.
# Focus on performance upgrades over defensive armament.
# The ''MCGP800'' upgrade with 800 kg bombs is actually worse than the ''MCRO500'' against bases, and can be left as the last upgrade.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|GP 50 (50 kg)|GP 100 (100 kg)|GP 250 (250 kg)|GP 500 (500 kg)|GP 800 (800 kg)}}
{{main|F200/450 (450 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 18 x 50 kg GP 50 bombs (900 kg total)
* 18 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (1,800 kg total)
* 1 x 450 mm F200/450 torpedo
* 4 x 250 kg GP 250 bombs + 12 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (2,200 kg total)
* 6 x 250 kg GP 250 bombs + 3 x 50 kg GP 50 bombs (1,650 kg total)
* 6 x 250 kg GP 250 bombs + 3 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (1,800 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg GP 500 bombs + 6 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (1,600 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg GP 500 bombs + 4 x 250 kg GP 250 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 1 x 800 kg GP 800 bomb + 3 x 50 kg GP 50 bombs (950 kg total)
* 1 x 800 kg GP 800 bomb + 3 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (1,100 kg total)
* 1 x 800 kg GP 800 bomb + 9 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (1,700 kg total)
* 1 x 800 kg GP 800 bomb + 4 x 250 kg GP 250 bombs + 3 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (2,100 kg total)

Many of the payload options utilise the wing mounts and consequently reduce the crucial top speed. However only using the internal bomb bay limits the ordnance to a mere 1,100 kg total. Depending on load-out option the external bombs may even drop last e.g. the heaviest last one. On average a single Z.1007 can take out 1.5 bases in an uptier and close to 2 in a downtier.

Noteworthy is the internally mounted torpedo. The F200/450 has a max drop speed of 300 km/h at 100 m altitude (273 ft/s @ 328 feet) which is quite mediocre, but features a very high in-water speed of 80 km/h (73 ft/s).

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|Breda-SAFAT (12.7 mm)|Scotti (12.7 mm)|Breda-SAFAT (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 12.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine gun, ventral turret (350 rpg)
* 1 x 12.7 mm Scotti machine gun, dorsal turret (350 rpg)
* 1 x 7.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine gun, 2 x beam turrets (500 rpg)

Worse than average, the defensive turrets can only boast decent firing arcs, ventral and dorsal turret feature overlapping rear fields of fire. However a frontal gun is missing entirely and is only covered by turning the dorsal turret by 180° which takes time.

== Usage in battles ==

Lacking in both defensive armament and protection, not to mention blessed with early control lock-up speeds the Z.1007 is pushed into the role of a hit-and-run bomber. Either against ground bases with mediocre success or as ground support against stationary ground units and armoured columns. The latter option is quite viable with multiple drops available per run depending on the load-out, learning the drop order of the payload allows to maximize the effect of each bomb by selecting the appropriate target in ground strike missions.

For [[:Category:Game_modes#Realistic_Battles|tank battles]] the control lock-up disables any dive bombing attempts with a landing you cannot walk away from, even though the wing pylons make it technically possible. Necessitating a straight, direct and deliberate fly-over the target zone with the narrow field of view bomb sight. As this makes the attack run easy to track and even easier to intercept. Thusly it is not recommended for any mixed game mode with the exception of naval battles. With an internally bomb bay mounted torpedo the Alcione does not suffer a speed penalty like many other medium torpedo bombers. Mind though: The travel distance is only 3 km in water and it isn't a small aircraft. A suicide run is the most likely outcome of any engagement, unless one manages to align the attack run with several islands for cover.

The biggest difference between the serie 5 from the serie 3 is the twin tail configuration on the serie 5, which eliminates the dorsal turret's dead-zone created by the earlier's single tail. Other than that, they are virtually identical.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Dorsal turret can traverse 360 degrees
* Better dorsal turret coverage compared to the [[Z.1007 bis serie 3|serie 3]] (twin tail, no single tail to block coverage)
* Decent speed and performance
* Decent bomb-load
* Central engine provides some protection to the crew against head-on attacks

'''Cons:'''

* Poor defensive armament, Breda-SAFATs have low velocity
* Under-powered engines; losing one dramatically impacts flight performance
* Aircraft crew are closely bunched up together
* Non-existent armour
* No defensive armament at the front of the plane
* Tends to overheat on summer maps

== History ==

One of the three standard Italian wartime bombers, alongside the S.M. 79 and the B.R. 20, the Z.1007 had speed, armament, good range, and an acceptable bombload. It was used on all Italian fronts despite being of all-wood construction. Also known as the Alcione, it was designed by Filippo Zappata and built by ''Cantieri Aeronautici e Navali Triestini'' (Trieste Shipbuilding and Naval Aeronautics), with the prototype debuting in spring, 1937. After 34 original models, production shifted to the bis model, with a more powerful radial engine; over 400 of this model would ultimately be built. They conducted combat tests with Italian forces in Belgium during the Battle of Britain in September, 1940, used for diversionary actions only. Their real combat debut was a month later, during the Greek campaign. They also flew in Africa and the Mediterranean. They were not used much in Russia. A total of 560 were built, with about 60 still in service when Italy surrendered. About 30 continued on after, now in Allied service, in the Balkans.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=z_1007_bis_serie5 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|67tQxwYb8lc|'''"Update 1.69 - Z. 1007 bis serie 3/5"''' - ''TheEuropeanCanadian''}}

== See also ==


* [[S.M.79 (Family)|S.M.79]] - research tree rank 2 predecessor
* CANT [[Z.1007 bis serie 3]] - production predecessor
* [[SB 2M-100|SB 2]], [[Ar-2]], [[Ki-49 (Family)|Ki-49]], and [[Ju 88 (Family)|Ju 88]] - similar in flight and combat style

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/266497-cant-z1007bister-medium-bomber-official-thread/ WT Forum: CANT Z1007/bis/ter medium bomber official thread]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/365066-cant-z1007-bis-v-serie/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[Wikipedia:CANT_Z.1007|[Wikipedia] CANT Z.1007]]
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=813 Militaryfactory.com - CANT Z.1007 Alcione (Kingfisher)]

{{AirManufacturer CANT}}
{{Italy bombers}}

Z.1007 bis serie 5

2023-03-29T14:14:57Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = Italian bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = Z.1007 bis serie 3
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=z_1007_bis_serie5
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.69 "Regia Aeronautica"]].

The Z.1007 bis serie 5 is a relatively versatile medium bomber, sacrificing defensive armament and instead focusing on speed in order to avoid interception. It has a relatively decent bomb-load with several options for use against different kinds of targets from AA, pillboxes, tanks to ships.

The Z.1007 bis is a distinct upgrade over the [[S.M.79 (Family)|SM.79 series]] in every aspect. It can carry an extra 6 x 100 kg bombs on external racks in addition to the internal 2 x 500 kg bombs, which is 600 kg more than any of the SM.79 series can carry. This load-out is the best one against bases. It can also carry an extra 250 kg bomb over the SM.79 series for a total of 6 x 250 kg bombs. This payload is better for destroying tanks, but requires precise aim to destroy pillboxes; the 500 kg bombs may be more forgiving if attacking them from altitude. It can also carry a single torpedo for use against shipping.

In order to make up for the weak power output of Italian engines, the Z.1007 bis has the tri-motor configuration characteristic of Italian bombers. The combined horsepower of the three engines provides decent flight performance, but losing even a single engine will immensely degrade it. The Z.1007 bis is also faster than the SM.79 series, which is fortunate because it has a relatively poor defensive armament despite its good coverage. The dorsal turret can cover 360 degrees, but is armed with only one of the relatively weak Italian 12.7 mm machine guns. The beam 7.7 mm guns are effectively worthless, and should not be depended upon. The ventral 12.7 mm machine gun provides limited coverage to attacks from below.

Compared to its earlier predecessor the [[Z.1007 bis serie 3|serie 3]] it features a twin tail (Italian: ''bideriva'') and a miniscule better top speed.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

With alright manoeuvrability at slow speeds and a bad roll rate, the Z.1007 is a generic medium bomber with expectable performance and decent speed to its name. The elevator starts to slowly lock up above 200 km/h and continues to do so in a linear fashion, however it neatly prevents overstressing and breaking the wings with G-forces. Compared to the S.M.79 it lacks combat flaps and leading slats, increasing the stall speed. Further the Z.1007 also features worse lock up and comparable manoeuvrability. Fortunately the acceleration and top speed are far better, yet the Alcione will not outrun any fighter or heavy fighter, too.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 436 || 424 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 33.0 || 34.0 || 4.8 || 4.7 || rowspan="2" | 450
|-
! Upgraded
| 464 || 450 || 31.1 || 32.0 || 7.7 || 6.2
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
|{{Specs|1=destruction|2=body}}||{{Specs|1=destruction|2=gear}} || N/A || 391 || 280 || ~3 || ~2
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 260 || < 270 || < 270 || > 200
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

Being an all wooden design and designed as a fast bomber, the Z.1007 lacks any sort of protection and solely relies on its speed to survive on the battlefield. Despite the lack of armour it takes a few shots to pilot snipe from the rear as in the narrow fuselage the gunners act literal meat shields, quite macabre.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

# Get ''Radiator'' for the speed boost and also the boost to cooling, then the ''TBC-79''.
# Next, get the ''MCGP250'' and ''Compressor'' upgrades to unlock the 250 kg bombs and a slight performance boost, respectively.
# Unlock the ''MCRO500'' upgrade to use the 2 x 500 kg + 6 x 100 kg bomb loadout. This is the loadout that does the most damage to bases, and the 500 kg bomb is easier to use against pillboxes.
# Focus on performance upgrades over defensive armament.
# The ''MCGP800'' upgrade with 800 kg bombs is actually worse than the ''MCRO500'' against bases, and can be left as the last upgrade.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|GP 50 (50 kg)|GP 100 (100 kg)|GP 250 (250 kg)|GP 500 (500 kg)|GP 800 (800 kg)}}
{{main|F200/450 (450 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 18 x 50 kg GP 50 bombs (900 kg total)
* 18 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (1,800 kg total)
* 1 x 450 mm F200/450 torpedo
* 4 x 250 kg GP 250 bombs + 12 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (2,200 kg total)
* 6 x 250 kg GP 250 bombs + 3 x 50 kg GP 50 bombs (1,650 kg total)
* 6 x 250 kg GP 250 bombs + 3 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (1,800 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg GP 500 bombs + 6 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (1,600 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg GP 500 bombs + 4 x 250 kg GP 250 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 1 x 800 kg GP 800 bomb + 3 x 50 kg GP 50 bombs (950 kg total)
* 1 x 800 kg GP 800 bomb + 3 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (1,100 kg total)
* 1 x 800 kg GP 800 bomb + 9 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (1,700 kg total)
* 1 x 800 kg GP 800 bomb + 4 x 250 kg GP 250 bombs + 3 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (2,100 kg total)

Many of the payload options utilise the wing mounts and consequently reduce the crucial top speed. However only using the internal bomb bay limits the ordnance to a mere 1,100 kg total. Depending on load-out option the external bombs may even drop last e.g. the heaviest last one. On average a single Z.1007 can take out 1.5 bases in an uptier and close to 2 in a downtier.

Noteworthy is the internally mounted torpedo. The F200/450 has a max drop speed of 300 km/h at 100 m altitude (273 ft/s @ 328 feet) which is quite mediocre, but features a very high in-water speed of 80 km/h (73 ft/s).

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|Breda-SAFAT (12.7 mm)|Scotti (12.7 mm)|Breda-SAFAT (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 12.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine gun, ventral turret (350 rpg)
* 1 x 12.7 mm Scotti machine gun, dorsal turret (350 rpg)
* 1 x 7.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine gun, 2 x beam turrets (500 rpg)

Worse than average, the defensive turrets can only boast decent firing arcs, ventral and dorsal turret feature overlapping rear fields of fire. However a frontal gun is missing entirely and is only covered by turning the dorsal turret by 180° which takes time.

== Usage in battles ==

Lacking in both defensive armament and protection, not to mention blessed with early control lock-up speeds the Z.1007 is pushed into the role of a hit-and-run bomber. Either against ground bases with mediocre success or as ground support against stationary ground units and armoured columns. The latter option is quite viable with multiple drops available per run depending on the load-out, learning the drop order of the payload allows to maximize the effect of each bomb by selecting the appropriate target in ground strike missions.

For [[:Category:Game_modes#Realistic_Battles|tank battles]] the control lock-up disables any dive bombing attempts with a landing you cannot walk away from, even though the wing pylons make it technically possible. Necessitating a straight, direct and deliberate fly-over the target zone with the narrow field of view bomb sight. As this makes the attack run easy to track and even easier to intercept. Thusly it is not recommended for any mixed game mode with the exception of naval battles. With an internally bomb bay mounted torpedo the Alcione does not suffer a speed penalty like many other medium torpedo bombers. Mind though: The travel distance is only 3 km in water and it isn't a small aircraft. A suicide run is the most likely outcome of any engagement, unless one manages to align the attack run with several islands for cover.

The biggest difference between the serie 5 from the serie 3 is the twin tail configuration on the serie 5, which eliminates the dorsal turret's dead-zone created by the earlier's single tail. Other than that, they are virtually identical.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Dorsal turret can traverse 360 degrees
* Better dorsal turret coverage compared to the [[Z.1007 bis serie 3|serie 3]] (twin tail, no single tail to block coverage)
* Decent speed and performance
* Decent bomb-load
* Central engine provides some protection to the crew against head-on attacks

'''Cons:'''

* Poor defensive armament
* Under-powered engines; losing one dramatically impacts flight performance
* Aircraft crew are closely bunched up together
* Non-existent armour
* No defensive armament at the front of the plane
* Tends to overheat on summer maps

== History ==

One of the three standard Italian wartime bombers, alongside the S.M. 79 and the B.R. 20, the Z.1007 had speed, armament, good range, and an acceptable bombload. It was used on all Italian fronts despite being of all-wood construction. Also known as the Alcione, it was designed by Filippo Zappata and built by ''Cantieri Aeronautici e Navali Triestini'' (Trieste Shipbuilding and Naval Aeronautics), with the prototype debuting in spring, 1937. After 34 original models, production shifted to the bis model, with a more powerful radial engine; over 400 of this model would ultimately be built. They conducted combat tests with Italian forces in Belgium during the Battle of Britain in September, 1940, used for diversionary actions only. Their real combat debut was a month later, during the Greek campaign. They also flew in Africa and the Mediterranean. They were not used much in Russia. A total of 560 were built, with about 60 still in service when Italy surrendered. About 30 continued on after, now in Allied service, in the Balkans.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=z_1007_bis_serie5 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|67tQxwYb8lc|'''"Update 1.69 - Z. 1007 bis serie 3/5"''' - ''TheEuropeanCanadian''}}

== See also ==


* [[S.M.79 (Family)|S.M.79]] - research tree rank 2 predecessor
* CANT [[Z.1007 bis serie 3]] - production predecessor
* [[SB 2M-100|SB 2]], [[Ar-2]], [[Ki-49 (Family)|Ki-49]], and [[Ju 88 (Family)|Ju 88]] - similar in flight and combat style

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/266497-cant-z1007bister-medium-bomber-official-thread/ WT Forum: CANT Z1007/bis/ter medium bomber official thread]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/365066-cant-z1007-bis-v-serie/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[Wikipedia:CANT_Z.1007|[Wikipedia] CANT Z.1007]]
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=813 Militaryfactory.com - CANT Z.1007 Alcione (Kingfisher)]

{{AirManufacturer CANT}}
{{Italy bombers}}

I-16 type 24

2023-01-10T21:44:30Z

U98661543: /* Usage in battles */

{{About
| about = Soviet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = I-16 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=i-16_type24
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.39]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The I-16 is a famous turn fighter that can turn in a blink of an eye. It has a small engine which can't reach great speeds. It's slow, can't climb and has poor energy retention. The 95 octane fuel helps a lot for the performance.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,400 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 440 || 424 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 17.4 || 17.9 || 15.0 || 15.0 || rowspan="2" | 210
|-
! Upgraded
| 491 || 466 || 15.6 || 16.4 || 24.6 || 19.1
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 700  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 395 || 362 || 260 || ~15 || ~7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 300 || < 240 || < 280 || > 190
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8.5 mm steel behind pilot
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 in front of pilot)

The aircraft's engine is small but incredibly vulnerable. It's useless after only a few hits. The construction is relatively weak and can't withstand a lot of punishment. The pilot is exposed and the fuel tanks catch fire and explode fast. All this compensated by its manoeuvrability, which can be enough to avoid being hit. Avoid flying above AAA, because the plane and the pilot are vulnerable to them.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 7.62 mm ShKAS machine guns, nose-mounted (650 rpg = 1,300 total)
* 2 x 7.62 mm ShKAS machine guns, wing-mounted (900 rpg = 1,800 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|FAB-50sv (50 kg)|FAB-100sv (100 kg)|RS-82|RBS-82}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 100 kg FAB-100sv bombs (200 kg total)
* 2 x 50 kg FAB-50sv bombs (100 kg total)
* 6 x RS-82 rockets
* 6 x RBS-82 rockets

== Usage in battles ==

'''Realistic''':

This is a classic turn fighter. It can outmanoeuvre anything in the sky at its BR, so the main tactic is tricking the enemy into a turn fight. You have to come close to the enemy because you only have [[ShKAS (7.62 mm)|MG-s]], but when you get close the ShKAS machine gun spews 1,800 rpm so even though it's a small calibre for aircraft it does the job. You can also take rockets to destroy stray bombers from a distance, or destroy ground targets with rockets and bombs. If you must destroy AAA, get low to the ground, pull up at the last minute and fire away. The pilot is vulnerable to AAA fire.

In realistic battles the I-16 type 24 shares a similar playstyle as its predecessors, which is turnfighting. Start off the match by climbing between 10-17 degrees to gain altitude. Although this is not a real BnZ fighter, getting some altitude will still grant you many opportunities.

Your biggest threat when flying the I-16 Type 24 comes from pretty much any fighter aircraft at this BR, since they all have a significant top speed/climb rate advantage (such as Ki-43 and Bf 109 F). A common scenario you will encounter is, you will see those planes higher than you before an engagement due to your inferior climb rate. They will always try to BnZ you, while your only effective tactic is to evade their dives and bleed their energy. Bank towards your teammates and keep climbing with WEP. As the enemy starts diving on you, wait until the distance closes to ~0.9 km, then use your great roll rate and turn rate, suddenly roll to one side and dodge under the attacker. This will usually force them to either shoot at an awkward position and miss (usually), or they will relinquish the pass and pull up. Some enemies might lose patience after a few successful dodges and chase you rather than zooming away to try and destroy you. Now again utilise your agility to perform horizontal manoeuvres such as scissors, in a combination of short vertical movements such as Immelmanns and chandelles, to force an overshoot or to get on their tail. With careful aiming, the 4 ShKAS MGs will quickly cripple a fighter.

Do not try to out-dive any monoplane as the I-16's light weight means that it is relatively slow at building up speed in a dive and also causes it to have lacklustre energy retention. However some short dives will gather you speed for more manoeuvres, or drag enemy BnZ planes to the deck. Once they are low, it is rather easy to out-manoeuvre them.

When confronting slower but more manoeuvrable planes such as Ki-27, energy tactics like BnZ are to be favoured over turning and burning. When you do not have altitude advantage over the Ki-27, the use of rolls is the most desired if not a nigh obligatory form of evasion. There is minimal chance to turn out or outrun the Ki-27, but you can out-roll it, particularly at high speeds. On the other hand, zoom climbs are a bit of a mixed bag. While the I-16 sometimes can get away with it through its superior power-to-weight ratio, the Ki-27 has a much lower stall speed which sometimes allows it to stay all the way through the zoom climb with I-16.

The I-16 is not a very effective interceptor, not being much faster than most monoplane bombers in its rank while having both a rather weak armament and protection.

'''Simulator:'''

The I-16 can be used in turnfighting, bomber intercepting and ground pounding. However in this mode, its characteristics appear to be quite conflicting. It is excellent in turning tightly and continuously, yet when manoeuvring it easily gets into uncontrollable spins which isn't beginner friendly. Also the rather big nose blocks the visibility a lot, offering very poor over-the-nose visibility which is a disadvantage in a turn fight, because when leading a shot the enemy will always get obstructed by the engine, making the player guess the shot. More ever, there is no trim control available in a sim battle and the I-16 always pitch up and down. Although not a lot, it is still annoying when trying to get a precise aim.

It is recommended to set the convergence within 300 m, with vertical convergence on, because the majority of turnfights happen at that range or closer.

Unlike Realistic, Sim requires long-range flying so discard the habit of bringing the least fuel. Bring at least 30 minutes of fuel, although it decreases the plane's performance a bit, it prevents constant refuelling which saves time for patrolling and fighting.

As your I-16 roars down the runway, you will notice that it shifts severely to the side, and the nose will tip down. If you don't correct it the propeller will eventually strike the ground, causing a failed takeoff. Thus you must put rudder input as opposed to the side it's shifting towards, and apply positive pitch to keep the propeller off the ground. You do not want to use flaps anywhere except takeoff and landing, since they are very weak and will rip at more than 260 km/h, while the average speed during a battle tends to be around 300 km/h. Once one or both flaps are gone it creates an imbalance in the roll axis, making spins more common. It also makes landing harder.

Before engaging a fight, it is better to have an altitude advantage first. When approaching the fight try to figure out which is your teammate and which is the enemy, to avoid going for a second pass, as the energy retention of the I-16 is rather slow. Also pick your target carefully. For easier aiming, you want to go for those unmanoeuvrable twin engine aircraft like [[Ju 88 (Family)|Ju 88]] or [[Ki-45 (Family)|Ki-45]], or bombers if there are any. Given the bad forward visibility of the I-16, these are the best options as they are quite slow and sluggish, and are a bigger target to hit. However getting hits on them tend to do little work, as your MGs lack damage. When dealing with fighters, it is way harder to aim. The elevator control of the I-16 is extremely sensitive, giving it good manoeuvrability, but at the same time, bad handling. The I-16 will respond in a very fast turn upon moving your stick / mouse by a little bit, which makes tracking nimble planes quite hard. But once you get used to it, try to lure every enemy into a turnfight, as that is where the I-16 shines. Quite a bit of bullets are required to effectively damage the enemy so you must be patient. If you find an enemy at your 6, utilise your great roll rate to do defensive manoeuvres like scissors to make them overshoot. Or you can simply do tight turns, most monoplanes won't be able to cut inside your turn and they might disengage. Important note: DO NOT put too much rolling and pitching input at once, as aforementioned the I-16 tend to enter spins easily.

If you are not very experienced in sim, you can also go for even bigger targets (bombers) for easier aiming. However you want to be more careful when hunting bombers, since with the Sim control (whether it be mouse joystick or a real stick) the plane will manoeuvre much more gently, making itself a great target for the bomber's gunners. DO NOT follow behind a bomber's 6 unless you are sure that its tail gunners are unconscious. Chasing behind a bomber makes yourself stationary for the tail gunners, and you will be showered with bullets. Your big radial engine will usually get damaged. Instead, before attacking, get an altitude advantage over the bomber by flying around 2 km above it. The bomber should only fill up about 1/6 of your gunsight. The best position for an attack is at the bomber's high 6 so you can adjust the lead much easier. Dive at the bomber, but not directly at it, try to predict where you two will crash by imagining yourself as a missile, that's where you should aim at (deflection shooting). To maximise the damage it is better to aim for their wings and engines, as the fuselage usually soaks up quite some bullets. Only fire when the bomber passes in front of your guns. This short window might seem inadequate to do anything, but with a accurate burst on the engine the 4 MG can at least damage it. With an engine damaged most bombers cannot go far.

Although ground pounding ability is limited, there are still bombs and rockets to choose from. The 2 bombs can effectively destroy pillboxes or tanks while the rockets, with accurate aiming, can destroy 3 targets. Once the suspended armaments are gone, the 4 MG are good for soft targets like trucks, artillery and AA cars.

Just like the SB 2M, the I-16 can still fly when it's extremely slow, causing it to bounce up during landing which can lead to a fatal crash. The trick is similar: slow it down more than other aircraft. Make sure you are around 1 km from the start of the runway and is no more than 300 m high. When the runway fills up your gunsight, drop speed to around 210 km/h and deploy landing flaps. The good thing is, the I-16 will not pitch up drastically upon using its flaps so you don't need to counter the extra lift. Make sure that you extend landing gears early as they move very slow (takes around 15 seconds to deploy). When you are about to touch down you should be flying at around 140 km/h. You must control your rate of descent (I-16's gears are fragile) and make sure that you are slightly pitching upwards with the nose obstructing the horizon. This way the I-16 should land gently without having to brake for too long. Once you are sliding on the ground, fully deflect your elevators upwards to counter the momentum that can push the nose into the ground. You must release brakes once every 4 seconds, because if you only release them as the nose dips down, it's too late.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

[[Ki-27 otsu|Ki-27]], [[N1K1]], [[He 51 (Family)|He 51]], [[Gladiator (Family)|Gladiator]], etc. - Those commonly seen planes are equally good at turnfights and will be a hard target to down since they are very small and agile. To deal with them you need to practice leading and deflection shots, plus manoeuvres like barrel rolls and scissors. They need lots of bullets to get damaged so you have to be patient.

[[He 111 H-6]] - This bomber is not only quite durable, but also pretty fast. In level flight it can outrun the I-16 rather easily. Avoid being on its 6 as it will have at least 2 x 7.92 mm MG facing its tail, and their rapid rate of fire and good penetration is a big threat. Either go for a head-on or use deflection shooting and aim for its engines. If you cannot keep up with it, disengage. If it flies way higher than you, change your target.

[[Sunderland Mk IIIa]] - This flying boat's huge fuselage is very spacious and can absorb lots of bullets and shells. It also has lethal defensive firepower: two 7.7mm in the nose, four forward-facing, two on the top and four at the tail, so attacking from behind, in front or above aren't the best options. Dive under it and suddenly pull up to shoot its defenseless underpart. Aim at the large wings and engines, avoid shooting the fuselage.

[[He 100 D-1|He 100]], [[Bf 109 E-1|Bf 109 E]] / F, [[A6M2]] - These planes might not be able to out-turn the I-16, but they can easily outrun it as the I-16 is very slow. These fighters will usually BnZ you, so you must constantly look above and behind you. If they are diving on you, do what you do in realistic: use your roll rate and dodge under their negative G areas. Most players will try to follow up, if not immediately losing track of you. Several dodges might make them impatient and if they really start to turn with you, they are already dead.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent turning ability- with combat flaps deployed it can out-turn any Bf 109, Fw 190 A and even turn-fighters like the [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfire]]
* Extreme roll rate allows it to do offensive/defensive scissors easily, which is an advantage over Bf 109s and [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfire]] as their roll rates aren't as good
* 4 x ShKAS machine guns with good fire rate, adequate velocity and accuracy, and plenty of ammo (1,300 rounds total) for longer battles
* Suspended armament provides rockets and bombs, which, to some extent, allows some ground attack ability
* Is a very short and small plane, offering the enemy a harder target to hit

'''Cons:'''

* Extremely poor level speed, climb rate, dive acceleration and energy retention- will get outran, out-climbed and out-dived easily by Bf 109 E/F, Fw 190 A or [[A6M2]]
* Engine tends to overheat when diving at more than 500 km/h
* Control surfaces are unresponsive over 450 km/h
* Flaps are very weak and will break over 250 km/h, severely limiting its sharp-turning potential at higher speeds
* Hard to fly in SB -- very unstable in pitch, no manual trim controls, poor over-the-nose visibility and is prone to enter flat spins
* Although manoeuvrable, it can still get out-turned by some Japanese turn-fighters

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=i-16_type24 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|WLDF6CHZ9N0|'''I-16 Type 24 & He 112 B-0 - Realistic Battle''' - ''MagzTV''|ivPRwWaEmSc|'''Polikarpov I-16 Type 24 "Rata"''' - ''Flying Heritage & Combat Armor Museum''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[I-16 (Family)]]

== External links ==


;War Thunder Forums:

* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/520556-i-16-type-24-28/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

;Other websites:

* [http://www.aviation-history.com/polikarpov/i16.html [The Aviation History Online Museum<nowiki>]</nowiki> Polikarpov I-16] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210511223052/http://www.aviation-history.com/polikarpov/i16.html Web Archive])
* [https://flyingheritage.org/Explore/The-Collection/Russia/Polikarpov-I-16-Type-24-(Rata).aspx [Flying Heritage<nowiki>]</nowiki> Polikarpov I-16 Type 24 "Rata"] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210511222922/https://flyingheritage.org/Explore/The-Collection/Russia/Polikarpov-I-16-Type-24-%28Rata%29.aspx Web Archive])
* [https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/russia/i-16.htm [Global Security<nowiki>]</nowiki> Polikarpov I-16 Type 24 Tactical fighter] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210511223011/https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/russia/i-16.htm Web Archive])

{{AirManufacturer Polikarpov}}
{{USSR fighters}}

F-6C-10-NA

2022-07-30T01:07:38Z

U98661543: /* Survivability and armour */

{{Specs-Card
|code=p-51c-10_france
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} French fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Wind of Change"]] as reward for [[Battle Pass: Season VII, "Armoured Elephant"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 7,300 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 684 || 665 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 22.0 || 22.7 || 12.9 || 12.9 || rowspan="2" | 300
|-
! Upgraded
| 734 || 708 || 20.5 || 21.0 || 20.2 || 16.2
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 853  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 676 || 676 || 433 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 300 || < 550 || > 400
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

* 38 mm Bulletproof glass - Windshield
* 11.11 mm Steel - Behind pilot's seat
* 6.35 mm Steel - Behind engine, in front of oil cooling system and pilot
* 6.35 mm Steel - In front of upper engine
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 in each wing, 1 behind pilot)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, wing-mounted (280 rpg outer + 350 rpg inner = 1,260 total)

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}
The overheating issue of the plane can be completely negated with use of manual engine controls. Note that due to its use of the Meredith effect, the radiator of the F-6C-10-NA produces almost no drag regardless of how wide it is opened.

* Set the propeller pitch to 90-95%
* Set the water radiator to 100% and oil cooler to 80%. Both can be reduced as you climb to higher altitudes

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent top speed and acceleration
* Excellent dive speed and acceleration
* Excellent boom and zoom capability
* Great high altitude performance
* Great climb rate
* Good turning ability at high speeds

'''Cons:'''

* 4x 12.7mm M2 Browning machine guns with late war belts, while generally adequate, may sometimes be lacking, especially against armored or large aircraft
* Below average roll rate
* High stall speed
* Mediocre manoeuvrability at medium to low speeds
* Wing mounted guns, therefore convergence is a small issue
* No payloads at all (therefore no bombs or rockets for ground attack)

== History ==


F-6C-10-NT reconnaissance fighters were converted from serial P-51C-10-NT Mustangs by installing photographic equipment. The F-6 series is a Photo Reconnaissance modification of the P-51A, P-51B, P-51C, P-51D & P-51K. The exact number of P-51s converted to F-6s is not known, but it is believed to be around 500 units.<ref>http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/weapons_F-6_Mustang.html</ref>

Other Members of this Family Include the F-6B-NA (35 Converted P-51A), F-6C-NT (Unknown Number of Converted P-51C), F-6D-NA/NT (283 Converted P-51D), and the F-6K-NT (163 Converted P-51K)

In-Game, the F-6C-NA is a P-51B-10-NA modified with a Malcolm Hood, which balloons outwards and increases both headroom & side visibility. The Malcolm hood was used mostly by the RAF and their Mustang III's, though American use of the Malcolm hood did occur, the majority remained with the original Canopy design.

===[[wt:en/news/7655-development-battle-pass-vehicles-f-6c-10-nt-en|Devblog]]===
The first field modifications of the P-51 Mustang series for tactical photo reconnaissance appeared in the UK in 1941. In 1942, the United States began their conversion of P-51 Mustang fighters of various series into a reconnaissance fighter by equipping them with one or two bulky K-24 cameras manufactured by Kodak. These aircraft were used by the US Air Force, Britain, Australia, and were also delivered abroad under the Lend-Lease program. The reconnaissance Mustang was actively used during the Allied offensive in Europe, as well as in Tunisia and in the Pacifics.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=p-51c-10_france Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|IfxpIFoBLoc|'''Battle Pass: Armoured Elephant''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 01:52 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[P-51 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7655-development-battle-pass-vehicles-f-6c-10-nt-en|[Devblog] Battle Pass vehicles: F-6C-10-NT]]

{{France fighters}}
{{France premium aircraft}}
<references />

Beaufighter Mk I (40-mm)

2022-07-23T14:34:08Z

U98661543: Added to survivability and armour, Pros and Cons, as well as History

{{About
| about = British strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Beaufighter (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=beaufighter_mk1_40mm
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=id50159_beaufighter_mk_i_40_mm_great_britain
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} British strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Direct Hit"]] as a reward for [[Battle Pass: Season V, "River Hunter"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,878 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 480 || 464 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 28.3 || 29.5 || 4.8 || 4.8 || rowspan="2" | 420
|-
! Upgraded
| 530 || 504 || 25.7 || 27.0 || 12.2 || 8.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 676 || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 354 || 242 || 216 || ~8 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 330 || < 390 || < 410 || > 310
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

* 1 mm steel plates behind engines
* 25 mm steel plate in the nose
* 25 mm steel plate located in rear fuselage (in front of gunner's legs)
* 38 mm bulletproof glass in frontal cockpit window
** Self-sealing fuel tanks (3 in each wing)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Vickers S (40 mm)|Rolls-Royce Type BH (40 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 40 mm Vickers S cannon, chin-mounted, left (16 rpg)
* 1 x 40 mm Rolls-Royce Type BH cannon, chin-mounted, right (12 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Devastating armament which heavily damages or destroys most planes with one successful hit
* Gets an air spawn
* Good top speed in a dive
* Thanks to its ability to mount AP-T shells, it can be used for tank-busting
* Using weapon selection, guns can be fired separately (better ammo conservation)

'''Cons:'''

* Slow compared to planes it frequently faces
* Struggles to intercept bombers due to poor climb rate
* Lacks any defensive armament
* Very small ammo pool

== History ==

By 1941, 20 Beaufighters were reserved solely for testing. The 4th prototype, ''R2055'', was modified by replacing its standard armament with 2 40 mm guns. The gun mounted on the port fuselage was a Rolls-Royce BH, and the starboard fuselage gun was a Vickers S. The trials involving ''R2055'' eventually lead to the the development of an anti-tank Hawker Hurricane Mk IID, mounting 2 of the Vickers guns tested on the Beaufighter.<ref>Moyes 1966, pp. 5, 11, 13</ref>

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=beaufighter_mk1_40mm Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7391-development-battle-pass-vehicles-beaufighter-mk-i-40-mm-en|[Devblog] Battle Pass Vehicles: Beaufighter Mk I (40-mm)]]

{{AirManufacturer Bristol}}
{{Britain strike aircraft}}
{{Britain premium aircraft}}

B-34

2022-04-01T02:41:20Z

U98661543: /* History */ Fixed some historical errors

{{About
| about = American bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the navalised gift version
| link = PV-2D
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=b_34
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.65 "Way of the Samurai"]].

The B-34 is a typical American bomber in the sense that its decent payload is outdone by its defensive armament. While its maximum payload and the ability to carry a torpedo is nice, it's not necessarily as good as its ability to take and give out damage to other aircraft. Start with base/pillbox bombing, and should an enemy fighter come to engage, give him hell with your turrets. Do slight ''maneuver''s constantly to throw off his shots while trying to put as many shells into his engine/pilot as possible. With any luck he will fall out of the sky in no time.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


While flying the B-34 you can expect manoeuvrability and speed like few other bombers. Considering you are just a [[:Category:Second rank aircraft|Rank II]] aircraft you have a good acceleration and max speed, which will allow you to get out of difficult situations, even being able to outrun some lower BR fighters, although never forget to use your turrets to shake enemies off your tail.

Your speed and climb ratio will be superior to most enemy bombers you face, therefore making it an easy task to intercept them. Although try to always keep it under 4,500 m as your engines aren't meant for high altitudes, and you will become a big and sluggish target for any fighter around. As a last defensive manoeuvre in this bomber it is possible to trade some altitude for speed in order to escape from a threat, however keep it at a max speed of 610 km/h IAS since going faster than that will completely lock your surface controls and eventually get you killed.

Given its surprising turn rate and speed for a bomber, mixed with a good offensive power, when used wisely you can successfully intercept enemy aircrafts that aren't yet aware of your position, as well as support your allies if you see an enemy tunnel vision-ed on them, however don't fool yourself into a dogfight since every fighter will outturn you sooner than later.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,572 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 509 || 496 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 28.3 || 29.3 || 8.5 || 8.5 || rowspan="2" | 480
|-
! Upgraded
| 572 || 539 || 25.8 || 27.0 || 16.7 || 12.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 328 || 313 || 235 || ~7 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 260 || < 290 || < 320 || > 337
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 1,615 m || 1,600 hp || 1,984 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 4,023 m || 1,450 hp || 1,798 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 12 mm steel - in front of pilot
* 12 mm steel - behind pilot
* 12 mm steel - bulkhead behind cockpit
* 12 mm steel - tail bulkhead
* 20 mm steel - front of dorsal turret

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)|Browning (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (250 rpg = 500 total)
* 2 x 7.62 mm Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (375 rpg = 750 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AN-M57 (250 lb)|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|Mk.13-1 Case (1,927 lb)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 7 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (1,750 lb total)
* 3 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs + 4 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (2,500 lb total)
* 1 x 1,927 lb Mk.13-1 Case torpedo

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)|Browning (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, dorsal turret (400 rpg = 800 total)
* 2 x 7.62 mm Browning machine guns, ventral turret (1,000 rpg = 2,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==


In the hands of an experienced player, the B-34 can be one of, if not the deadliest aircraft of its tier. While being in the bomber line of the tech tree, the B-34 is better suited for use as a frontine bomber, bomber interceptor, and even a heavy fighter in some situations. If played in a bombing role, try to get in low and entice enemy fighters into chasing you while you go for your bombing targets; your powerful 12.7 mm turret will make quick work of most enemy's you'll encounter at its tier. If played as a bomber interceptor, aiming for crucial parts of the target's aircraft (Engine, wings, cockpit, Etc.) with your robust offensive armament will take down enemy bombers quickly and efficiently. Using the B-34 in a heavy fighter role will require the use of your flaps, so make sure to use them when appropriate; as the B-34 has poor energy retention. Head-on's with enemy fighters are ill-advised, as your pilot is quite susceptible to frontal enemy fire as well as your engines that will take damage quite easily.

Your deadliest enemies will be aircraft with heavy machine gun or cannon armament (P-400, LaGG-3-8, Spitfire Mk IIb, Etc.) It is advised to get familiar with using the 12.7 mm dorsal turret while doing evasive maneuvers using flaps for dealing with them quickly before they can do major damage to your aircraft. If they dive on you and fly in front of you for a bit, try to damage them with your frontal armament. Do not let anyone get under your belly, as it is a huge weak spot that knowledgeable players will exploit. In the hands of a skilled pilot, however, you will have no problem going for engine shutdowns or pilot snipes that will quickly send your foes back to the hangar.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Reasonably effective armament consisting of 2 x 7.62 mm Brownings and 2 x 12.7 mm Brownings that are nose mounted
* Durable airframe for its BR
* Reasonably effective defensive armament with good coverage on the rear section of the plane
* The dorsal turret can swivel 360 degrees and even fire at targets towards the nose of the plane
* Can provide initial cover for other bombers until fighters reach their altitude
* Blazing fast top speed compared to other medium bombers
* Reasonably large payload capacity.

'''Cons:'''

* The belly of the aircraft is a massive blind spot in the aircraft's defence
* Poor climb rate and energy retention
* For the most part, the offensive armament will only be useful in attacking enemy bombers, ground targets, or engaging fighters head-on, as the plane is not manoeuvrable enough for any real dog-fighting of any kind
* Steel construction makes this plane particularly heavy, and a small payload limits this plane's ability to be used as a tactical or strategic bomber
* The elevator can be shot off by an enemy plane easily, causing it to become uncontrollable, although it may still be controllable by operating flaps or adjusting engine power in some cases
* Poor manoeuvrability at lower speeds
* Landing gear is quite weak; breaks at >235 km/h

== History ==

In the beginning of the war, the British were looking for a medium-ranged anti-submarine warfare and patrol aircraft to support the existing Avro Anson. The Lockheed company sent a drawing of their Model 14 Super Electra civilian airliner. The British Purchasing Commission saw the design and asked Lockheed to make modifications to the Model 14. Modifications included two fixed forward-firing Browning 7.7 mm machine guns in the nose. There was also the installation of a Boulton Paul dorsal gun turret with two Browning machine guns. Some models had beam guns installed, while others had different engines or propellers. It was renamed the Lockheed Hudson. The Hudson served as the basis for the B-34 (Ventura, originally). It was developed from the Lockheed Model 18 Lodestar, another civilian airliner. The Ventura was first delivered to the British in 1942. Originally, it was used for daylight raids, but like other RAF bombers of the time, were vulnerable without fighter escort. It was transferred to Coastal Command. In US service, it was named the B-34 Lexington. There was also a reconnaissance variant called the B-37 (and later the RB-37, the "R" standing for "restricted," as in not for combat). Later on, a redesigned version, the PV-2 Harpoon, was put into service. The wingspan was increased, among other changes.

== Media ==


;Images

[[File:Ventura LOC 8e01506u.jpg|none|232x232px]]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|fF2VBZIVaHQ|'''B-34 Ventura "Operation Christmas Tree Is Officially Dead!"''' - ''Bo Time Gaming''}}

== See also ==


'''Related development'''

* Other Lockheed Ventura variants on the game:
** [[PV-2D]] Major redesign with increased load capacity

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/4356-development-lockheed-b-34-hudson-s-bigger-brother-en|[Devblog] Lockheed B-34: Hudson’s bigger brother]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/341980-lockheed-b-34-lexington/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[wikipedia:Lockheed_Ventura|[Wikipedia] Lockheed Ventura]]
* [https://www.airforce.gov.au/sites/default/files/minisite/static/7522/RAAFmuseum/research/aircraft/series2/A59.htm <nowiki>[RAAF Museum]</nowiki> TECHNICAL DATA: Lockheed-Vega Ventura]
* [https://www.pacificwrecks.com/aircraft/pv-1/tech.html <nowiki>[Pacific Wrecks]</nowiki> Lockheed PV-1 Ventura Technical Information]

{{AirManufacturer Lockheed}}
{{USA bombers}}

D4Y1

2022-02-03T18:47:46Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */ Fixed an error; the D4Y1 cannot load rockets

{{About
| about = Japanese dive bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = D4Y (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=d4y1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' Suisei (Comet), nicknamed Judy by the Americans, is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.75 "La Résistance"]]. It is a very strong ground attack aircraft, and thanks to its high speed and agility, it can make a great fighter. This is your typical Japanese dive bomber, which has excellent ground pounding capabilities, as well as fighter hunting abilities. All these gifts come with downsides, as the D4Y1 is unable to carry rockets or torpedoes, unlike the [[D4Y2]], and has poor defensive armament compared to the [[D4Y3 Ko|D4Y3]]. It has an Atsuta Atsuta 21 12-cylinder inline engine, which provides excellent power, but unfortunately has overheating issues.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

[[File:D4Y1wikihard1.png|thumb|The D4Y1 going into a dive to destroy a small boat]]
The D4Y1 is a highly agile and speedy aircraft, it can turn fight anything it wishes, even [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfires]]. It gets a bomber airspawn, which allows the D4Y1 to outclimb all the fighters, but '''be sure to select the right airspawn''', because it gets a carrier spawn by default on pacific maps. The only issue with the performance of this aircraft arises at high altitudes, where it is left without a supercharger.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,750 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 520 || 509 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 23.9 || 24.5 || 5.6 || 5.6 || rowspan="2" | 300
|-
! Upgraded
| 589 || 552 || 22.2 || 23.0 || 14.4 || 9.3
|-
|}

==== Details ====
[[File:D4Y1wikihard3.png|thumb|The D4Y1 is useful in Naval Ralistic Battles, as it can destroy many lightly armored boats at this BR with its 500kg bomb]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 457 || 428 || 280 || ~15 || ~11
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 350 || < 400 || < 400 || > 200
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 4,500 m || 970 hp || 1,218 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The D4Y1 has no armour. Additionally, the fuel tanks are not self-sealing. There are 2 in each wing. The gunner is not covered, making him vulnerable to attacks from the rear.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

The payload option should be a top priority, so getting to tier three modifications is of utmost importance. Rush the new belts and MGs, or the radiator or compressor if you choose to have better performance. Then get the bomb modification. After that, research all engine modifications and then the survivability modifications. Save the turret upgrades for last.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

[[File:D4Y1wikihard5.png|thumb|D4Y1 pulling out of a dive]]
{{main|Type 97 navy (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 7.7 mm Type 97 navy machine guns, nose-mounted (600 rpg = 1,200 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|Navy Type Number 25 Model 2 (250 kg)|Number Type 2 50 Model 1 GP(SAP) (500 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 1 x 250 kg Navy Type Number 25 Model 2 bomb (250 kg total)
* 1 x 500 kg Number Type 2 50 Model 1 GP(SAP) bomb (500 kg total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|Type 92 (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 7.7 mm Type 92 machine gun, dorsal turret (582 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

[[File:D4Y1wikihard6.png|thumb|The D4Y1 in Fiji]]
The D4Y1 is an excellent example of a multirole aircraft, as it is an excellent ground attack aircraft, fighter, and bomber. Since you get a bomber airspawn, you can drop your bomb on a base and then start to engage the many fighters below you. You should have no problems engaging them, as long is you keep your speed up and your energy high. One key thing to note is that you don't need to use your defensive turret to shoo away enemy interceptors. You can easily out turn any interceptor at that BR. Besides the fighter role, ground attack is the D4Y1's natural method of play. The 500kg bomb will be excellent for destroying Pillboxes, and you can use your Rifle Caliber machine guns to destroy any soft target you please.Spec

=== Specific enemies worth noting ===

* [[CW-21]] - The CW-21 poses a significant threat to the D4Y1, as it can out-turn, out-climb, and outclass the D4Y1 in every conceivable way. Its armament will shred through the D4Y1, and your plane would be a sitting duck. Now, your gunner can be of some use. Since the CW-21 is a very fragile aircraft, your gunner can set it afire, thus giving you the upper hand. But never under any circumstance attempt to go near this plane, as your gunner is only a last resort.
* [[He 100 D-1]] - Much like the CW-21, this aircraft will outclass you in every way. Your turret will once again come in handy, as it will surely damage its cooling system.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===

[[File:D4Y1wikihard8.png|thumb|The D4Y1's defensive gunner, which can help pick seagulls off of your six]]

'''Pros:'''

* '''D'''4Y for Carrier-based dive bomber:
** Choice between a 250kg & 500kg bomb
** Bomber airspawn, outclimbs anything and can intercept
** Airbrakes
* Common Navy plane construction:
** Nose mounted armament
** Small radiator drag
** Excellent manoeuvrability, can outrun early Corsairs, Wildcats, and Spitfires
* '''D4Y''' Specific:
** Fast, can outrun almost anything, save the [[CW-21]] and [[He 100 D-1|He 100]]
*** Its speed forces the enemy to tail behind your gunner, giving you a chance to shoot at the approaching fighter with your turret
* '''{{PAGENAME}}''' Specific:
** Has 400 more rounds in the offensive machine guns than the [[D4Y2]] and [[D4Y3 Ko]], making ammo count less of an issue

[[File:D4Y1wikihard10.png|thumb|The D4Y1 has great turret coverage, it covers a high angle of attack from boom and zoomers.]]
'''Cons:'''

* '''D'''4Y for Carrier-based dive bomber:
** Has bomb cradle, significant delay in fuselage bomb drop
** Bomb load is not good enough for bombing bases
* Common Navy plane construction:
** Poor offensive armament: [[Type 97 navy (7.7 mm)|7.7 mm Type 97 MG]]
** Poor defensive armament: [[Type 92 (7.7 mm)|7.7 mm Type 92 MG]]
** Fragile, little armour, and no self-sealing fuel tanks
** Exposed tail gunner
* '''D4Y (early)''' Specific:
** Engine overheats easily, it isn't a traditional Japanese radial engine

== History ==

[[File:D4Y1wikihard9.png|thumb|D4Y1 in flight]]
Nicknamed the the "Judy" by allied pilots, the D4Y1 at the beginning of the war was one the fastest planes in all of the Pacific.

The D4Y1 was a carrier based dive bomber, powered by a 1,200 hp "Aichi AE1A Atsuta V12" engine. The D4Y1 was modeled after the German He 118 with the engine being modeled after the DB 601 which was used in the Bf 110. Due to the Japanese Navy requiring an extreme range for the aircraft, it was designed without any armour or self-sealing fuel tanks to lighten the plane so it would use less fuel. The lack of armour and protection decreased the weight, making them extremely quick and nimble but fragile if taking enemy fire. Combined with the unreliable engine, the D4Y1 would see many upgrades in the following models adjusting many of the flaws.

In 1943 with the introduction of the F6F Hellcat, the D4Y's became a sitting duck. Whereas with the F4F Wildcat, the D4Y's could just outrun them, the F6F would catch them with ease. During the "Great Marianas Turkey Shoot" a single F6F pilot Alexander Vraciu would shoot down 6 D4Y's within minutes. 400 Japanese planes would be shot down that day, but a D4Y did land a direct hit on the battleship USS South Dakota.

The D4Y's would become one of the most iconic planes the Japanese Military would use during World War 2.

Only a single complete D4Y1 survives today, located at the "Yasukuni Jinja Yūshūkan shrine" in Tokyo it can be seen completely restored.

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|ViBJLbbWcI8|'''Update 1.75 - D4Y1''' - ''TheEuropeanCanadian''}}

== See also ==


* [[D4Y (Family)|D4Y family]]
* [[D4Y2]] - An improved D4Y1 with a better engine and rocket payload
* [[D4Y3 Ko]] - An improved D4Y2 with an even better engine and a better turret

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/392577-d4y1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Yokosuka}}
{{Japan bombers}}

B3C

2021-12-21T17:34:41Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=saab_b3c
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]].

Originally built by the German aircraft firm Junkers, the {{PAGENAME}} started out as the Ju 86, developed in the mid-1930s alongside rival Heinkel's He 111. Since the Luftwaffe could not officially build bomber aircraft at the time, the main purpose of the aircraft was to be a ten-person airliner which could with minimal effort be converted into a medium bomber. When tested during the Spanish Civil War, it was found that its diesel engines could not hold up against the rigours of combat and were replaced with BMW 123 radial engines which vastly increased its reliability.

Later in development, the Ju 86K was created for the purpose of exporting this aircraft to foreign nations of which Sweden and Hungary were the first to accept. Sweden started producing their licensed version of the bomber, the B 3 which was outfitted with British Bristol Mercury engines instead of the German BMW radials of which the Mercury engines were later were license-built in Sweden and Poland.

The {{PAGENAME}} though an early war bomber is not without a box of tricks. While relegated to a medium bomber function, options in its suspended armament give it the option to carpet bomb smaller and lighter targets or to bomb heavier protected targets and bases. Externally outfitting an 853 kg torpedo gives the bomber the option to strike fear in fleet captains eyes especially when a crew member announces "Fish in the water". Though for the most part considered an average bomber when it comes to manoeuvrability, rate of climb and level speed, the {{PAGENAME}} has what it takes to deliver its ordnance to the target and has several critically placed defensive turrets to protect the bomber against any interlopers intent on downing the bomber before it gets to its target.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The {{PAGENAME}} is an average aircraft when it comes to flight characteristics, nothing really impressive, but nothing which hinders the bombers ability to do its job. Acceleration, rate of climb and level speed are good enough however if caught in a low energy state with nowhere to dive, it will be relatively easy to catch even in the most sluggish of fighters and attackers. The large surface area of the wings enable this aircraft to have a comparatively low stall speed and the dual vertical stabilizers detract from the rudder capabilities of this aircraft compared to aircraft with single vertical stabilizers (see [[B-24D-25-CO|B-24]] vs [[PB4Y-2|PB4Y]] for comparison of vertical stabilizer types).

The {{PAGENAME}} was destined for mid to high altitude bombing where it remains safer from a majority of the fighters found flying against it in a match, however dropping to lower altitudes enables even the slowest of biplanes ([[Po-2]] and [[Hs 123 A-1|Hs 123]]) to take pot-shots at the bomber. There will be one option which will require the {{PAGENAME}} to fly low and slow and that will be when setting up for a torpedo run and the bomber will not only be vulnerable to fighters and attackers at the extremely low altitude, they will also be vulnerable to anti-aircraft fire from the ships which should not have much difficulty hitting such a large and slow target.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,600 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 372 || 363 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 17.8 || 18.4 || 5.5 || 5.5 || rowspan="2" | 530
|-
! Upgraded
| 421 || 395 || 16.3 || 17.0 || 10.5 || 7.7
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 310 || 297 || 240 || ~7 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 200 || < 200 || < 250 || > 324
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* No armour
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (4 in each wing)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|sb m/42 (50 kg)|mb m/40 (250 kg)|m/41 (450 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 16 x 50 kg sb m/42 bombs (800 kg total)
* 1 x 450 mm m/41 torpedo
* 4 x 250 kg mb m/40 bombs (1,000 kg total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|Ksp m/22-37 R (8 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 8 mm Ksp m/22-37 R machine gun, nose turret (675 rpg)
* 1 x 8 mm Ksp m/22-37 R machine gun, dorsal turret (1,050 rpg)
* 1 x 8 mm Ksp m/22-37 R machine gun, ventral turret (825 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

While many aircraft found in War Thunder are considered multi-role capable (fighter, interceptor, attacker and/or bomber), some aircraft sit within just one role but have several subset capabilities within that role. The {{PAGENAME}} is no exception as its sole role in the game is as a medium bomber, however, it is capable of defining its mission depending on the type of suspended ordnance is outfitted.

;Small target bomber

As an early rank bomber, the {{PAGENAME}} has access to many of the smaller weight bombs found in the game. Loading up with the 50 kg bombs allow the bomber to take out many of the lightly protect vehicles found on the map to include trucks, light tanks, anti-aircraft artillery, light pill-boxes/bunkers and aircraft parked on a runway. Vehicles travelling in columns make for an especially tempting target as when lined up properly, the {{PAGENAME}} can come in at a lower altitude and drop individual bombs per target being more judicious with the suspended ordnance, especially in realistic and simulator battles where reloads require heading back to base. Heavy pillboxes, medium and heavy tanks along with bases should be avoided as these smaller bombs will be less effective against them.

;Large/protected target bomber

When it comes to attacking a base or targets such as reinforced pillboxes, large ships, medium and heavy tanks, the 250 kg and 600 kg bombs will come in handy. With a harder punch, these bombs will make short work of the vehicles which the 50 kg bombs will realistically just bounce off of. Base bombing will be more effective specifically if the {{PAGENAME}} is flying at 4,000 m and above where it is less likely to run into enemy fighters and if it does, the defensive turrets can make it that much more difficult for them to get sights on.

;Torpedo bomber

The {{PAGENAME}} can outfit an 853 kg torpedo to the external side of the aircraft's bomb bays. The big fish can make a big explosion, however, to get the torpedo into the water, the bomber must approach at a low and slow speed heading towards the intended target. Typically, ships don't sit there and just watch the torpedo approach and will begin to open up their anti-aircraft fire. The bomber pilot must maintain calm and precision to drop the torpedo, once released, the bomber must power back up to full speed and vacate the area to avoid further anti-aircraft fire and any potential enemy fighters which may be in the area.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 8mm defensive guns can ward off most enemy fighters at its BR

* Can carry a torpedo, unlike contemporary bombers at this BR
* Both bomb loads can destroy a base
* Defensive turrets have a high rate of fire
* Large amounts of tracers can scare off beginning players
* Turn time is better than some fighters
* The 3 x 250kg mb m/40 bombs are enough to destroy a single base, so in most cases you can destroy 1 and 1/3 of the enemy bases.

'''Cons:'''

* Average flight characteristics
* Large wing profile, an easy target for attacking fighters
* Significant defensive blind spots from the side, above and below
* Gear retraction and lowering is painfully slow; you will have to start lowering the gear long before you make it to the runway
* Average speed: it will not be outrunning any fighters
* Below average defensive turrets

== History ==

The SAAB B3C began its life in the mid-1930s in Germany as the Junkers Ju 86. The purpose of this aircraft was to operate first as a high-speed passenger airliner but also function as a medium bomber with minimal conversion. Conversion from airliner required the removal of ten passenger seats and replaced with four bomb cells which carried each bomb in an upright position. Fuel tanks for the bomber version were located in the fuselage while the airliner moved them to the wings. Originally this bomber was outfitted with Junkers Jumo 205 diesel engines, their drawback was their weight, however, they were more fuel-efficient than standard petrol engines. Unfortunately during the Spanish Civil War, it was determined that the Ju 86 under-performed compared to the He 111, mainly because the diesel engines could not handle the rough treatment endured during combat situations. With this knowledge, the Ju 86 was converted to the BMW 132 radial engines which drastically improved the reliability of this bomber.

The Junkers model Ju 86K was the export version of the Ju 86 which allowed Sweden's aircraft manufacture SAAB to license build these medium bombers and designated them as the B 3. Instead of utilising BMW132 engines, SAAB opted to go with the Bristol Mercury XIX radial engines which had an output of 905 horsepower. The Swedes maintained their B 3 bombers throughout the war and continued to use them for another thirteen years with several being converted to maritime patrol and signal intelligence (SIGINT) aerial platforms to keep apprised of Soviet and Eastern Europe activity.

=== [[wt:en/news/6492-development-saab-b3c-bomber-to-start-from-en|Devblog]] ===
In 1934, a set of requirements was issued to both Heinkel and Junkers to develop a new twin engine aircraft, capable of acting as both a high-speed civilian airliner as well as a medium bomber for the German Luftwaffe. While Heinkel would go on to develop the far more successful He 111, Junkers developed the Ju 86, the first test flights of which occurred already in late 1934 and extending in early 1935.

Early production of the type commenced in late 1935 for military versions, while civilian variants entered service in 1936. Despite being seen as inferior to the He 111, especially in military service, the Ju 86 nonetheless remained a relatively popular aircraft on the export market, being purchased by various operators from around the globe, ranging from South America, over Europe and going all the way to Asia and Oceania.

Among its many operators was also Sweden, which not only purchased a number of Ju 86s directly from Junkers, but also acquired a licence to manufacture the type domestically in the late 1930s. Both imported and built under licence by the SAAB company, the aircraft received its new designation B3, and unlike the German original, the Swedish counterpart received different engines (namely licence-built versions of the Bristol Pegasus radial engines) as well as Swedish weaponry.

As with other countries, Sweden employed their Ju 86s in both military as well as civilian roles for many years before, during and after WWII, with the last of the Ju 86s being decommissioned during the late 1950s. In total, only about 15 B3C and one B3D were built for the Swedish Air Force by SAAB between 1939 - 1940 out of the original 40 aircraft planned.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=sweden&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=bomber&vehicle=saab_b3c Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<div><gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:SAAB B3C WTWallpaper 001.jpg|
File:SAAB B3C WTWallpaper 002.jpg|
File:SAAB B3C WTWallpaper 003.jpg|
File:SAAB B3C WTWallpaper 004.jpg|
File:SAAB B3C WTWallpaper 005.jpg|
File:SAAB B3C WTWallpaper 006.jpg|
File:SAAB B3C WTWallpaper 007.jpg|
</gallery>

== See also ==


;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* Heinkel [[He 111 H-6|He 111]]
* Dornier [[Do 17 (Family)|Do 17]]
* Savoia-Marchetti [[S.M.79 (Family)|SM.79]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6492-development-saab-b3c-bomber-to-start-from-en|[Devblog] SAAB B3C: Bomber to Start From]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/474729-saab-b3c/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Saab}}
{{Sweden bombers}}

Ki-61-I ko

2021-11-03T18:23:29Z

U98661543: Added allied reporting name

{{About
| about = Japanese fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Ki-61 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ki_61_1a_ko
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

The Allied reporting name for this aircraft was "Tony".

While Japan is famous for turn-fighters like the Zero, the Ki-61 Hien will make "boom and zoom" pilots feel at home. Possessing good high altitude performance, good climb rate and good diving capabilities, this "energy fighter" flies much like the Bf-109 which inspired its design... though the Japanese traded quite a bit of firepower in favour of manoeuvrability. This allows the Hien pilot to choose what role he or she wants to play in the battle. One could play the reserved, high flying energy fighter, or if the situation dictates, the aggressive low flying dogfighter (against certain opponents). Compared to the "Zero" it is faster, has a higher climb rate, and handles better at higher speeds... but is no match in overall manoeuvrability.

[[File:CockpitImage_Ki-61.jpg|thumbnail|right|The Ki-61's instrument panel.]]

The Ki-61-I ko has a rather weak armament and lacks flexibility, as it is unable to equip bombs or ground targets belts. The Ki-61-I ko utilises two 12.7 mm Ho-103 machine guns and two 7.7 mm Type 89 machine guns. Generally, both are unreliable and it often takes hundreds of rounds to destroy an enemy plane. This is due to the lack of primer in the rounds themselves. 12.7 mm rounds fired by the M2 Browning may seem to do more damage because they have more primer which dictates how fast the round will exit the barrel. Due to this, it is necessary to get up close to enemies. Aim for the engine, pilot, or fuel tanks if the location is known. Remember to lead with these machine guns, as the rounds are not high velocity. The 7.7 mm rounds will hardly damage any plane with armour, so the Hien relies on its 12.7 mm guns which are fairly lacklustre.

The low muzzle velocity of both weapons means that pilots may have to close to short range in order to hit and deal significant damage to targets. Even so, it will require some time to critically damage tougher aircraft such as bombers or attackers. However, with accuracy and shot placement, the large ammunition pool can work to your advantage.

The Hien also comes equipped with an armoured plate at the pilot seat as well as rudimentary self-sealing fuel tanks.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
!Stock
| 572 || 557 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 20.6 || 21.2 || 8.5 || 8.5 || rowspan="2" | 420
|-
!Upgraded
| 612 || 590 || 19.5 || 19.8 || 15.5 || 11.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 292 || 282 || 230 || ~11 || ~8
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 360 || < 350 || < 460 || > 312
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 13 mm Steel plate behind the pilot

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Unlocking the performance modules should be a Hien pilot's first concern. The stock machine gun belts aren't very good in a general sense, but neither are the others. The "New 12.7 mm MGs" can be helpful as it allows for longer periods of firing. Unlocking the 7.7 mm belts can also be beneficial because you can equip belts with more armour piercing rounds.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Ho-103 (12.7 mm)|Type 89 (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 12.7 mm Ho-103 machine guns, nose-mounted (400 rpg = 800 total)
* 2 x 7.7 mm Type 89 machine guns, wing-mounted (400 rpg = 800 total)

== Usage in battles ==

'''Realistic battles'''

The Ki-61 Hien is best utilised as a multi-purpose fighter. Although proficient at energy fighting, the Ki-61 is also generally good at standard manoeuvres. It may lose turn fights with some enemy aircraft like the [[Spitfire Mk IIb|Spitfire Mk IIB]], but nonetheless it can still be used in multiple roles. The Ki-61 is your standard "jack of all trades". It's not incredibly good at anything it does but it is even across the board. This allows the Hien pilot to choose what role they want to play in the battle. One could play the reserved, high flying energy fighter, or the aggressive low flying dog-fighter. The Ki-61 allows these choices.

One of the major advantages the Ki-61-I ko has is its climb rate. The stat card may be misleading, but this plane can reach altitudes beyond that of most of its opponents. This allows the Hien to choose when and where it wants to fight. Once at a high altitude, the Hien pilot may choose to dive lower to attack an enemy. If the enemy is not destroyed on the first pass, it is recommended to climb sharply and gain altitude. By doing this, the Hien sets itself up for another attack while not being in the range of the enemy's guns.

If caught in a sticky situation, the Hien pilot may choose to do several things. Depending on your altitude, executing rolling scissors or an overshoot may be a valid tactic. Try to make the enemy pilot feel pressured to disengage. Depending on the enemy's aircraft, use your speed to your advantage and try to get away. The surest tactic would be communicating with teammates to ensure your assailant's death. Once tailed, the Hien pilot can "set up" an enemy by nosing up about 70 degrees so the entirety of the enemy plane is shown. At this stage, ideally, your teammate is arriving to save the day.

'''Simulator battles'''

In Sim, the Ki-61 can be used in BnZ fighting, turn fighting, intercepting (to some extent) and some ground pounding. The Ki-61 is overall a pretty friendly plane to fly. It is quite fast, handles nicely at all speeds, has decent visibility especially over the nose, climbs great and has lots of ammo. However its disadvantages are the weak protection and poor damage of the 4 machine guns.

Before taking off, bring at least 30 minutes of fuel for longer patrol time. Set the convergence to around 250 m since your MGs have low velocity, therefore dealing less damage at longer range.

If you are not using MEC, use around 95% throttle when cruising below 3,000 m since the engine will slowly heat up at full throttle. But full throttle is fine at higher altitudes.

Only elevator trim is available, so when the stick is at its deadzone, the Ki-61 will roll and yaw to the left side. Therefore you always need to pull the stick to the right which can get a bit annoying. Usually, a trim of around -7% is enough. But when carrying the 2x 250kg bombload, no negative trim is needed.

For dogfighting, it is always safer to enter with an altitude advantage. Most dogfights in sim happen below 3,000m so the Ki-61 can easily climb up to that altitude. As mentioned in the description, its climb rate is actually great, don't get misled by the stat card. Once at an advantageous height, boom & zoom the enemies. The Ki-61 can easily accelerate to more than 550 km/h in a dive which is decently fast but requires more precise manoeuvres to get the correct lead, since the faster you go the smaller the shooting window is. A successful pass will not usually cripple the enemy given you weak firepower, so multiple attacks are needed to destroy one plane. Aside from BnZ, the Ki-61 is also excellent at turn fighting - with the appropriate opponent, of course. Except a few dedicated turn fighters, the Ki-61 can out-turn and get on most opponents' tail with combat flaps deployed. Note: do not turn with Spitfires or Zeros, you will never out-turn them. If you see a plane with a streamlined inline engine and large, elliptical wings (Spitfire) or something with rounded wingtips and stabiliser tips, a radial engine and a pointy tail (A6M), try some defensive manoeuvres like barrel rolls or disengage by diving towards a nearby friendly airfield. Note that the Ki-61's roll rate is very average so avoid manoeuvres like scissors.

When intercepting planes, it is crucial to know what the target is. If it is a bomber/attacker with decent defensive firepower, great turret coverage, or robust protection, then you might want to disengage after some attempts if you don't want to die. From the hard-hitting M2 Browning to the fast-firing MG 15, ''any'' gun can critically damage the Ki-61 especially on the engine, fuel tanks, and pilot which can always lead to a later crash. Before attacking try to get an altitude advantage and perform deflection shots. To maximise the damage it is better to aim for their wings and engines, as the fuselage usually soaks up quite some bullets. Only fire when the bomber passes in front of your guns. This short window might seem inadequate to do anything... and it usually is, unfortunately. The slow velocity, light projectiles and low one-second burst mass usually guarantee no critical damage. However sometimes it only takes one bullet to set the target aflame. DO NOT follow behind a bomber's 6 unless you are sure that its tail gunners are unconscious. Chasing behind a bomber makes yourself pretty much stationary for the tail gunners, and you will be showered with bullets.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

* [[Me 264]]: This giant is one of the few bombers who get air spawns in Sim, so it usually flies higher than you think. On top of this, the Me 264 is armed with large calibre MG and cannons all over it, therefore tailing a 264 is basically suicide unless all of their gunners are knocked out. You can treat the 264 almost like a B-29 or B-17 as they are very similar in both design and defensive capabilities. It is best to head-on the 264 if you can as you can easily knock out the pilots due to its glazed nose while also taking minimal damage. However the bomber lacks a ventral turret on its belly, making it easy to deal damage from below, but be wary of the downwards facing rear 20 mm cannon near the tail. The safest way to attack is from a higher altitude, dive at an oblique angle and focus fire on the wings and nose. Never engage if you have no altitude advantage.
* [[B-25J-20|B-25]], [[Ju 88 A-4|Ju 88]], [[IL-2 (Family)|IL-2]], etc: These aircraft have either powerful defensive guns, for example the B-25, or wide gun coverage such as the Ju 88. The most threatening one, the B-25, is fairly easy to distinguish. It has a short and wide fuselage, twin radial engine hanging under the wings and a H-tail. Focus your fire on the engines and constantly swing sideways to avoid getting hit. A few hits from the M2 Browning is a guaranteed death. The Ju 88, on the other hand, has great underside gun coverage so attacking from below isn't a very good option. Try engaging from the sides and concentrate the fire on the front half of it, as that is where all the vital components are located. Again, never engage any of these if you have no altitude advantage. Pin them on the map and leave them to teammates with more powerful firepower.
* [[A6M (Family)|A6M]], [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfire]], etc: If you see them on your tail try outrunning them by diving at around -40 degrees. The Ki-61 still remains responsive handling at 600 km/h, but its speed retention is not the best, meaning it will start to lose speed quickly and the enemy might catch up. If you are near a friendly airfield, great. If not, then hope for the best and run towards the friendly side. Don't forget to pitch up and down a little to mess up their aim, the early Spitfires and A6M only have a 60-round drum per cannon which will run out fairly fast. The leftover 7.7 mm machine guns will not be as destructive.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Generally performs well in the most common tactics, both BnZ and turn-fighting, allowing flexible gameplay depending on the situation
* Outstanding climb rate
* Has decent dive speed, can easily out-dive slower opponents
* Large amount of ammunition (400 rpg) is great for long battles or difficult targets
* Some armour protection for the pilot means that it will not easily get pilot-sniped by small-calibre/low-penetrating guns from the back
* Adequate over-the-nose visibility allows easier leading in Simulator

'''Cons:'''

* Rather weak firepower due to the slow velocity and light bullet mass, cannot effectively damage well-protected targets like [[IL-2 (Family)|IL-2s]]
* Locks up at high speeds
* No frontal armour, can be fatal in a head-on
* Average roll rate which worsens as speed increases, can easily get out-rolled by [[Fw 190 (Family)|Fw 190s]] and [[I-16 (Family)|I-16s]]
* No bomb load limits its capacity in some situations

== History ==

The Ki-61 was first put into service in with a special training unit, the 23rd Chutai, and entered combat for first time in early 1943, during the New Guinea campaign. The Hiens were sent into a difficult theatre where jungles and adverse weather conditions coupled with a lack of spare parts quickly made short work of the Japanese fighters. Nonetheless, the Hien proved to be a worthy adversary and it even outclassed the P-40. Towards the end of the war, Ki-61s were relied upon heavily to defend the Japanese mainland from B-29 attacks. Some pilots used ramming attacks to down the Superfortresses. Soon, entire "special attack squadrons" were formed for the sole purpose of downing B-29s via the ramming method.

=== In-game description ===
A lightweight multipurpose fighter plane, the Ki-61 Hien ("Swallow") was well-armed and well-armoured.

From the very beginning, the makers of the Ki-61 concerned themselves with protecting the fuel tanks and the pilot. The light multipurpose fighter was an effective answer to "hit-and-run" fighters, thanks to its survivability and high diving speed.

The Ki-61 had a Kawasaki Ha-40 liquid-cooled inverted V12 engine, a licensed copy of the DB 601A, capable of 1175 hp.

A prototype was ready in 1941, and by the next year the first production models were manufactured and the Ki-61 entered service.

To strengthen armament in the Ki-61-I, instead wing-mounted machine guns of the previous models Ki-61-1-Ko and -Otsu was established by German's 20-mm cannons MG 151/20, which in the amount of 800 units in August 1943 were taken to Japan by submarines.

All in all, 3,078 Ki-61 fighters (of various types) were produced.

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|s517bjhkxzk|'''The Shooting Range #43''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 02:42 discusses the Ki-61.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/111033-kawasaki-ki-61-i-ko/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [http://wp.scn.ru/en/ww2/f/1040/65/2 <nowiki>[Wings Palette]</nowiki> Kawasaki Ki-61 Hien camouflage]

{{AirManufacturer Kawasaki}}
{{Japan fighters}}

Ki-44-I

2021-06-16T14:58:18Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = Japanese fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = Ki-44 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ki_44_1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.51 "Cold Steel"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 539 || 523 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 17.3 || 17.8 || 18.6 || 18.6 || rowspan="2" | 190
|-
! Upgraded
| 578 || 558 || 15.7 || 16.5 || 25.1 || 21.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 400 || 400 || 250 || ~13 || ~9
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 400 || < 400 || < 450 || > 316
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 2,700 m || 1,250 hp || 1,340 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* No armour protection.
* No self-sealing fuel tanks.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Ho-103 army (12.7 mm)|Type 89 army (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 12.7 mm Ho-103 army machine guns, wing-mounted (250 rpg = 500 total)
* 2 x 7.7 mm Type 89 army machine guns, nose-mounted (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==


;Simulator battles

In simulator, the Ki-44 is a decent fighter that can do traditional dogfights, some bomber-hunting and some ground pounding. It has great all-round visibility, especially to the sides and the rear thanks to its clear teardrop canopy. However there are lots of thick frames at the front which can get very annoying and obstruct the target in a chase, delaying the pilot's reaction. The glass on the canopy's sides also tend to create dizzying reflections when the sun is near, reducing the visibility a lot. The over-the-nose visibility is average. The wing position (in front of the canopy) means that you cannot see anything at your low 11, 12, 1 or 2 o'clock so you have to fly past the target area and look towards 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9 o'clock where there is nothing to obstruct your view.

The handling is good in general. During a take off the Ki-44 feels nose-heavy without any flaps deployed therefore after retracting the gears and flaps you need to pitch up a bit until the plane picks up some speed. Only elevator trim is available, so when the stick is at its deadzone, the Ki-44 will roll and yaw to the left side. Therefore you always need to pull the stick to the right which can get a bit annoying. It has excellent climb rate of around 14 m/s at 400 km/h, with 100% throttle and no MEC. This means that it can get to an ideal altitude of around 3000 m very quickly. In a dive it easily accelerates to around 550 km/h while still having responsive controls, however it does not retain the speed well after leveling out. Note that its engine will overheat unbelievably fast. With WEP it heats up to >243° within 15 seconds. Thus you must utilise the WEP only when you have to, for example in a zoom climb or a high yoyo. The good news is, the engine can cool down quick enough for another 15-second WEP.

* While being more of a BnZ fighter, the Ki-44 also performs excellent at turn fighting - with the appropriate opponent, of course. Except a few dedicated turn fighters, the Ki-44 can out-turn and get on most opponents' tail with combat flaps deployed. Note: do not turn with Spitfires or Zeros, you will never out-turn them. If you see a plane with a streamlined inline engine and large, elliptical wings (Spitfire) or something with rounded wingtips and stabiliser tips, a radial engine and a pointy tail (A6M), try some defensive manoeuvres like barrel rolls or disengage by diving towards a nearby friendly airfield.

The Ki-44 has a lovely low stall-speed of around 160 km/h and is also very controllable when getting out of a stall. However the handling gets very sluggish when slower than 200 km/h so make sure that there is no one behind you.

When intercepting planes, it is crucial to know what the target is. If it is a bomber/attacker with decent defensive firepower, great turret coverage, or robust protection, then you might want to disengage after some attempts if you don't want to die. From the hard-hitting M2 Browning to the fast-firing MG 15, any gun can critically damage the Ki-44 especially on the engine, fuel tanks, and pilot which can always lead to a later crash. Before attacking try to get an altitude advantage and perform deflection shots. To maximise the damage aim for their wings and engines, as the fuselage usually soaks up lots of bullets. Only fire when the bomber passes in front of your guns. This short window might seem inadequate to do anything... and it usually is, unfortunately. The slow velocity, light projectiles and low one-second burst mass usually guarantee no critical damage. However sometimes it only takes one bullet to set the target aflame, if you are lucky.

;Specific enemies worth noting

* B-25, Ju 88, IL-2, etc: These aircraft have either powerful defensive guns, for example the B-25, or wide gun coverage such as the Ju 88. The most threatening one, the B-25, is fairly easy to distinguish. It has a short and wide fuselage, twin radial engine hanging under the wings and a H-tail. Focus your fire on the engines and constantly swing sideways to avoid getting hit. A few hits from the M2 Browning is a guaranteed death. The Ju 88, on the other hand, has great underside gun coverage so attacking from below isn't a very good option. Try engaging from the sides and concentrate the fire on the front half of it, as that is where all the vital components are located. Again, never engage any of these if you have no altitude advantage. Pin them on the map and leave them to teammates with more powerful firepower.
* A6M, Spitfire, etc: If you see them on your tail try outrunning them by diving at around -40 degrees. The Ki-44 still remains responsive handling at 600 km/h, but its speed retention is poor, meaning it will start to lose speed quickly and the enemy might catch up. If you are near a friendly airfield, great. If not, then hope for the best and run towards the friendly side. Don't forget to pitch up and down a little to mess up their aim, the early Spitfires and A6M only have a 60-round drum per cannon which will run out fairly fast. The leftover 7.7 mm machine guns will not be as destructive.
* F4U, F6F, P-47, etc: these planes are a huge threat to the Ki-44 as they have superior firepower, speed, dive acceleration and robust airframes. Their 12.7 mm MGs can easily tear you apart or simply pilot-snipe you even when they are far away, as the M2 Brownings have great velocity and trajectory. They can also set you aflame easily. The F4U has a long cylindrical nose and the iconic inverted gull wing. The P-47 has a huge, jug-like fuselage, bubble canopy and elliptical trailing edge that usually have invasion stripes painted on them. The F6F, on the other hand, might get confused with other planes as it looks rather average. Anyways, start a turn fight whenever you see these stubby planes.
*

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil
! Water
! Type
|-
| Controllable || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Separate || rowspan="2" | Not controllable 1 gear || rowspan="2" | Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Incredibly fast, leaves virtually any plane it faces in the dust at any altitude
* Climb rate is better than most equivalent aircraft, at more than 25 m/s spaded
* Excellent acceleration
* Superior agility against other aircraft like F4U
* Extremely low stall speed
* Has an excellent roll rate and decent turn time (utilise combat flaps for tighter manoeuvring)
* Adequate armament for the rank
* Good cockpit visibility in Simulator
* With MEC, WEP can last longer

'''Cons:'''

* Engine overheat within a minute and a half with WEP without MEC; using 100% doesn't cool it down quickly enough
* Very fragile with next to no protection. Will get shredded/set on fire easily, especially by any plane with M2 Brownings (eg F6F)
* Has Instructor issues. Rudder and ailerons are very unstable if the plane is banked or at low speed
* Flaps cause the nose to pitch down hard if used below 150-200 km/h in a steep climb

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=japan&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=fighter&vehicle=ki_44_1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|TA2PE-zUMj4|'''Realistic: Ki-44-I [Fast-Nimble-Sleek]''' - ''Jengar''|woJWg8E03HM|'''The Shooting Range #75''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 08:00 discusses the Ki-44.|RrO7ck7joQQ|''' Arcade: Ki-44-I''' - ''Jengar''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/249903-nakajima-ki-44-i/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Nakajima}}
{{Japan fighters}}

Ki-102 otsu

2021-06-12T17:55:39Z

U98661543: /* Survivability and armour */

{{Specs-Card
|code=ki_102_otsu
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese twin-engine fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.35]]. The Allied reporting name for this aircraft was "Randy".

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The {{PAGENAME}} has a decent speed advantage over most enemy planes in a straight line or dive and very good climb rate. The climb rate is typically better than almost every aircraft it will come up to combat against. As with most Japanese heavy fighters, it is a very fast aircraft. The aircraft is as manoeuvrable as you would expect from a heavy fighter, though quite sluggish in a turn compared to a single engine aircraft. The {{PAGENAME}} has good acceleration in a dive due to its two powerful engines and increased weight and decent acceleration when travelling in a straight line.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 1,900 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 555 || 537 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.5 || 26.1 || 15.4 || 15.4 || rowspan="2" | 450
|-
! Upgraded
| 608 || 580 || 23.6 || 24.5 || 24.9 || 19.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 437 || 408 || 260 || ~9 || ~7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 360 || < 400 || < 400 || > 312
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 2,000 m || 1,350 hp || 1,620 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,800 m || 1,250 hp || 1,500 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8 mm steel behind 57 mm cannon
* 8 mm steel on both sides of pilot
* 8 mm steel behind pilot's head
* 8 mm steel on both sides of gunner
* 12 mm steel around 57 mm gun barrel
* 12 mm steel behind pilot
* 12 mm steel in front of fuselage-mounted fuel tank
* 12 mm steel behind fuselage-mounted fuel tank
* 12 mm steel in front of gunner*
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 in central fuselage, 3 in each wing)

<nowiki>*</nowiki>Note that the gunner is rear-facing

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Ho-401 army (57 mm)|Ho-5 army (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 57 mm Ho-401 army cannon, nose-mounted (16 rpg)
* 2 x 20 mm Ho-5 army cannons, chin-mounted (200 rpg = 500 total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|Ho-104 army (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 12.7 mm Ho-104 army machine gun, dorsal turret (500 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in an aircraft, the features of using vehicles in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil
! Water
! Type
|-
| Controllable || rowspan="2" | Controllable Auto control available || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Separate || rowspan="2" | Controllable 2 gears || rowspan="2" | Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful 57 mm cannon
* Self-sealing fuel tanks and decent survivability, unlike many Japanese aircraft

'''Cons:'''

* Weak defensive armament
* Rather slow for its BR

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/303477-kawasaki-ki-102-otsu/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Kawasaki}}
{{Japan twin-engine fighters and attackers}}

Ki-45 tei

2021-06-12T16:06:50Z

U98661543: /* Flight performance */

{{About
| about = Japanese twin-engine fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Ki-45 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ki-45_tei
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese twin-engine fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.31]].

Being a classed as a heavy fighter, the Ki-45 isn't the best in the manoeuvrability category. However, for a heavy fighter, it manoeuvres very well. It is even capable of out-turning aircraft such as the [[P-47D-25]]. Unlike heavy fighters of other nations, the Ki-45 series does not feature aircraft with large amounts of heavy weaponry. This is a major downside, considering how heavy fighters traditionally give up manoeuvrability and speed for armament. Instead, the Ki-45s utilize more of an equilibrium between manoeuvrability, speed, and armament. These are what makes the Ki-45 both a capable dog-fighter, and bomber hunter.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,300 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 546 || 535 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.2 || 25.6 || 16.5 || 16.5 || rowspan="2" | 520
|-
! Upgraded
| 590 || 570 || 23.7 || 24.0 || 23.0 || 19.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 450 || 444 || 290 || ~11 || ~7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 360 || < 320 || < 450 || > 330
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 1,800 m || 2,080 hp || 2,271 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,100 m || 1,870 hp || 2,042 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 16 mm Steel plates behind the pilot

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Instead of focusing on armament like other heavy fighters, the Ki-45 is more balanced between armament and flight performance. While the default ammunition belts for both weapons on the Ki-45 ko are workable, it can help to upgrade. Unlocking the flight performance modules will help drastically in dogfights and turn fights.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Ho-203 (37 mm)|Ho-5 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 37 mm Ho-203 cannon, nose-mounted (15 rpg)
* 2 x 20 mm Ho-5 cannons, Schräge Musik-style mounting (100 rpg = 200 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|Army Type 92 GPHE (250 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 250 kg Army Type 92 GPHE bombs (500 kg total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|Type 98 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 7.92 mm Type 98 machine gun, dorsal turret (1,050 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

This variant of the Ki-45, the Ki-45 tei, features the first "Schräge Musik" armament (and only, at least in-game) of the series. Wielding one Ho-204 37 mm cannon and two Ho-5 20 mm cannons, the Ki-45 tei is the definition of a bomber hunter. It's 37 mm cannon allows the Toryu to take down bombers with ease, and its dual 20 mm cannons allow for even more flexibility in the bomber hunting department. Although deadly, the 37 mm cannon only holds 15 rounds, so shot placement is crucial. The round itself also travels fairly slowly in the air, making it hard to hit fast moving enemy fighters. The 20 mm cannons are best used in a secondary weapon role, as they are fixed at an upward angle. To use these weapons, one must bind a key to them via the in-game controls menu (it is on the first page that comes up, basic). Unique to the tei model, this Ki-45's ground attack role is improved due to the ability to equip bombs.

The Ki-45 tei also retains its impressive turn rate from the [[Ki-45 otsu]]. Although the aircraft itself is large and presents an "easy target" in many players' minds, the Ki-45 is rather nimble. Use this to your advantage when engaging enemy aircraft. Unfortunately, the Ki-45 is a heavy fighter, meaning its turn time is still not on par with other aircraft such as the [[F2A-3]]. In certain cases, the Ki-45 pilot may have to rely on their tail gunner to get the job done. The "tei" version of the Ki-45 features a 7.92 mm Type 98 machine gun with 1050 rounds. Although somewhat lacklustre, with a few well-placed shots, it is possible to destroy enemies on the aircraft's tail. Aim for the pilot or the engine, as those are generally the weakest points on most aircraft. If the tailing enemy is a bi-plane, aim for the wings since they are very fragile.

The Toryu is also rather fragile for a heavy fighter. Although it does feature two engines, the Ki-45 does not have very much armour protection. Only the back of the pilot's seat and the nose has armour, leaving both the gunner and engines unprotected. This can prove costly in a fight. If one does find him or herself tailed, call upon teammates for assistance.

* In simulator, the Ki-45 has a decent frontal view with large pieces of glass in front, on top and to the sides, ensuring great visibility. The gunsight has enough room under, allowing easy tracking and leading of targets. However the side views are terrible as the wings & engines block out most of the view downwards, and a thick frame blocks out the upper area, as a result the common way of circling above an area to spot something is extremely limited. Rear visibility is almost non existent with the entire tail obstructed by the headset.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Highly powerful 37 mm cannon
* Good manoeuvrability and climb rate for a heavy fighter
* Acceptable top speed
* 16.5 mm of armour in pilot's seat and added armour in the nose around cannon barrel
* Two engine design
* Capable of carrying 2 x 250 kg, unlike other Ki-45 variants

'''Cons:'''

* Beat in turn fights by many single-engine fighter aircraft
* Prone to fuel and engine fires
* Locks up at higher speeds
* Mediocre roll rate, gets worse as speed increases
* Limited ammunition for all weapons
* Lack of protection around fuel tanks, engines, and gunner
* Long cannon reload in Arcade
* Pilot is exposed in head-ons
* Very little anti-fighter capabilities
* Hard to use the Schräge Musik effectively

== History ==

Initially designed to be a bomber escort, the Ki-45 was first deployed in what is now China and Vietnam. It was found to be easily outclassed by P-40s piloted by the Flying Tigers. As a result, the Ki-45's role was changed to anti-shipping and ground attack, where it performed satisfactorily. Nonetheless, the Ki-45's greatest strength proved to be its bomber intercepting capabilities. Heavily armed with 37mm cannon, the Toryu (Dragon Slayer) could destroy heavy bombers with ease. As the war progressed, the need for an interceptor to defend the Japanese mainland was ever present. Soon, the Ki-45 was deployed to counter B-29 Superfortress raids. Although its armament was clearly deadly enough, the Ki-45 suffered at high altitudes. Pilots soon resorted to ramming attacks against the Superfortresses. Special attack groups specifically designed for this purpose formed, but by late 1945 Imperial Japan's fate had been sealed. The Allies allocated the name "Nick" to the Ki-45.

=== In-game description ===
Kawasaki Ki-45 KAI Tei (Model D) Type 2 Toryu (Allied reporting name: Nick) twin-engine army fighter

The Ki-45 KAI Tei fighter-bomber was built along with the night-fighter variant.

The armament on this version included one 37 mm Ho-204 cannon, with 15 rounds, mounted in the forward fuselage, and two 20 mm Но-5 cannons, with 100 rounds each, mounted at an angle in the upper fuselage.

Bomb racks were mounted under the centre wing section, one on each side of the fuselage, to suspend two 250 kg bombs.

The nacelles of the Mitsubishi Ha-102 engines had individual jet exhaust pipes to increase speed and reduce exhaust glow at night. Also, the barrels of the Но-5 cannons were equipped with flame arresters.

One Ki-45 KAI Tei aircraft was equipped with a 75 mm anti-tank gun, but its recoil proved to be too high for the fighter's relatively lightweight design.

Some early Ki-45s were also modified in the field to carry bombs. These planes were used at the end of the war by kamikaze pilots to perform suicide attacks.

Four Ki-45s were used by the Japanese for the plane's first suicide attack on Allied ships on May 28, 1944.

The Ki-45's production was discontinued in July 1945. A total of 1,701 Ki-45s were manufactured in all versions, including all prototypes and pre-production vehicles.

== Media ==


{{Youtube-gallery|hQB-vib08fc|'''Schräge Musik: a story of hesitation and confusion''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 4:09 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Kawasaki}}
{{Japan twin-engine fighters and attackers}}

Ar 196 A-3

2021-06-07T18:49:57Z

U98661543: /* Armaments */

{{Specs-Card
|code=arado-196a-3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} German bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Starfighters"]] as a reward for the [[wt:en/news/6808-special-operation-s-u-m-m-e-r-2020-en|2020 Operation S.U.M.M.E.R.]] event.

The German Ar 196 A-3 hydroplane, one of the best naval scouts in history, nicknamed "the eyes of the Kriegsmarine"! The Ar 196 A-3 has every chance of becoming the new "king of the sandpit": it is armed with a pair of 20 mm MG FF cannons and an MG 17 rifle-calibre machine gun, it can also carry 2 x 50 kg bombs under its wings. The Ar 196 A-3 also has a defensive turret with a 7.92 mm machine gun, which is quite good in the initial ranks. And of course, just like the other hydroplanes in the game, the Ar 196 A-3 is able to capture control points in naval battles. <ref>[[wt:en/news/6809/current|Devblog]]</ref>

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 2,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 301 || 293 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.8 || 22.9 || 4.4 || 4.3 || rowspan="2" | 450
|-
! Upgraded
| 344 || 320 || 19.9 || 21.0 || 11.2 || 7.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 520 || 520 || 320 || ~9 || ~8
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 270 || < 280 || < 250 || > 324
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* No armour protection
* Self-sealing fuel tanks in the floats

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG FF (20 mm)|MG 17 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm MG FF cannons, wing-mounted (60 rpg = 120 total)
* 1 x 7.92 mm MG 17 machine gun, fuselage-mounted (500 rpg)

For different roles, different belts should be used. For Air Battles, Air Targets should be loaded, because it contains the most HE rounds. The 7.92 mm can be loaded with Universal or Stealth. However, if your aim is less than stellar, Tracers will help you aim. In Naval, however, Stealth should be loaded for the MG FFs. Contrary to what you would think, the Stealth belts are actually not at all for stealth attack. In fact, every round fired can be seen with these belts. They can be used instead for attacking ships, and hitting components of them. The 7.92 mm can be loaded with Tracers or Universal.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC50JA (50 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 2 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (100 kg total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 15 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 7.92 mm MG 15 machine gun, dorsal turret (525 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

The Arado Ar 196 excels at destroying light ground targets, and with its twin MG FF armament it can head-on virtually any aircraft at the BR and win. Compound that with the fact that there are many inexperienced players at the BR who will head-on any target they meet, and it will be easy to accrue kills. However, the 196 loses energy very easily due to the 2 massive floats strapped to the bottom of the fuselage. The 196 usually goes out in a "blaze of glory" early on into the match, due to the playstyle revolving around killing ground targets.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Cannon armament very powerful at its BR
* Tail gunner for fighters that will inevitably be on your tail
* Can be very useful for capping points in Naval RB and AB

'''Cons:'''

* Fuel tanks are located in the pontoons making the aircraft very vulnerable to both ground SPAA and other planes
* Poor performance
* Low ammo count reduces the plane's effectiveness in dogfights
* Loses energy easily
* Slow
* Carries only two 50 kg bombs

== History ==

[[File:Ar 196 A-2.jpg|thumb|Arado Ar 196 taxiing at sea in 1940.]]
The Ar 196 was a German shipborne floatplane reconnaissance aircraft that equipped the majority of the Kriegsmarine's ships during the Second World War. Designed as a replacement to the obsolete He 60, the Ar 196 started entering service in the late 1930s to equip German capital ships such as ships of the ''Deutschland'', ''Scharnhorst'' and ''Bismarck'' classes. The planes saw their first service in late 1939 as scouts for the pocket battleship ''[[Admiral Graf Spee|Graf Spee]]'', and later distinguished themselves by capturing the British submarine HMS ''Seal''. Many Ar 196 floatplanes were captured by Allied forces, and several aircraft survive in museums to this day.<ref name=":0">National Air and Space Museum (2020)</ref>

=== Design and development ===
In the early 1930s, the primary German floatplane fighter was the Heinkel He 60, an underpowered biplane design that soon became obsolete. Thus, the Air Ministry (RLM) decided to pursue the development of a new naval floatplane fighter. Heinkel submitted the He 114, a sesquiplane, while several other firms submitted similar biplanes designs. However, the Arado firm decided to create an unconventional monoplane design, which proved to have significantly better performance than its competitors.<ref name=":0" /> Thus, four prototypes were ordered; more conservative elements of the RLM decided to order the Focke-Wulf designed Fw 62, a more conventional biplane, but the order was cancelled when the Ar 196 proved to be well adapted for its role.<ref name=":0" />

The Ar 196 was of monoplane construction, and featured a BMW engine producing just under 1,000 hp. It was flown by a crew of two - a pilot and a navigator, who doubled as the rear gunner. Armament consisted of a formidable two 20 mm MG/FF cannons and a single 7.92 mm machine gun firing forward, and a single 7.92 mm machine gun on a flexible mounting in the rear cockpit. The first pre-production Ar 196 model was delivered in late 1938, and following shakedown tests, the first production aircraft were delivered in June of 1939.<ref name=":0" />

=== Operational History ===
The Ar 196 first saw battle service in late 1939, when two Ar 196s were loaded aboard the pocket battleship ''Graf Spee''. They served as the medium range reconnaissance aircraft and were responsible for locating the majority of the Spee's victims. Another notable action took place in mid-1940, when land-based Arado 196s captured a British submarine, the HMS ''Seal''.<ref name=":0" /> After the ''Seal'' struck one of its own mines during a minelaying operation, patrolling Ar 196s managed to damage the submarine by bombs and gunfire to prevent her from submerging. An Arado landed beside the submarine, whose commander decided to surrender.<ref name=":0" />

Production of the Ar 196 was slow, having been shifted between multiple aircraft producers. Nevertheless, the Ar 196 served as the main catapult floatplane for Kriegsmarine capital ships until the end of the war. Production had been terminated in 1944 due to the relative obsolescence of the Ar 196 against the modern allied fighters it frequently encountered over the German coast.<ref name=":0" /> Several Ar 196s survived the war, including two floatplanes confiscated with the German heavy cruiser ''Prinz Eugen''. Two Ar 196s survive, one at a Bulgarian museum and the other in storage at the National Air and Space Museum in the United States.<ref name=":0" />

== Media ==

[[File:GarageImage Ar 196 A-3 (S.U.M.M.E.R).jpg|thumb|none|Bulgarian Camouflage (S.U.M.M.E.R Reward Skin)]]

== See also ==


;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* Vought [[OS2U-1]] ''Kingfisher''
* Vought [[OS2U-3]] ''Kingfisher''
* Mitsubishi [[F1M2]]

== External links ==


*[[wt:en/news/6808-special-operation-s-u-m-m-e-r-2020-en|[Special] Operation S.U.M.M.E.R. 2020]]
*[[wt:en/news/6809/current|[Development] Operation S.U.M.M.E.R. Ar 196 A-3]]

=== References ===
<references />

=== Works Cited ===

* National Air and Space Museum. (2020). Arado Ar 196 A-5. Retrieved November 23, 2020, from <nowiki>https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/arado-ar-196-a-5/nasm_A19610128000</nowiki>

{{AirManufacturer Arado}}
{{Germany bombers}}
{{Germany premium aircraft}}

Bf 109 G-6 (Sweden)

2021-06-05T16:40:53Z

U98661543: Flight performance, Survivability and Armour, Economy and Research, Usage in Battles, and Pros and Cons. Basically, most of the page.

{{Specs-Card
|code=bf-109g-6_finland
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Red Skies"]]. The performance is virtually identical to the other Bf 109 G-6 in the German tech tree; visually, the difference between the two is that the Finnish G-6 has a tropical air filter. It does not affect performance.

The Finnish Messerschmitt is one of the 159 units of German Bf 109s that arrived for the Finnish air force to use during the Continuation War; out of those 159 units, 109 were G-6 models. The model in-game carries the designation number MT-422.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at _,___ m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 636 || 616 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.3 || 22.1 || 14.0 || 14.0 || rowspan="2" | 343
|-
! Upgraded
| 705 || 668 || 19.3 || 20.0 || 27.6 || 19.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 437 || 408 || 260 || ~13 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 450 || < 390 || < 450 || > 715
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

* 60 mm Bulletproof glass in front and rear of the cockpit.
* 4-8 mm Steel plates on pilot seat.
* 10 mm Steel plates around pilot's head.
* 21 mm Steel plate on the rear of the fuel tank, with 4 mm plates surrounding it on other sides.
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 large one behind pilot)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}The Bf 109 G-6 performs badly in stock conditions with an armament that is vastly inferior to other fighters. This changes drastically with upgrades. They are listed in the order in which they should be acquired.

* ''Offensive 13 mm'' (for removing the tracers and getting an idea of where your cannon rounds land)
* ''Radiator''
* ''Compressor''
* ''Offensive 20 mm'' (the stock belts are abhorrent with only 25% of glorious minengeschosse)
* ''Engine''
* ''U4 modification'' (do not equip it now, the single 30 mm is a bit inconsistent)
* ''Offensive 30 mm'' (for later use)
* ''Engine injection''
* ''Gunpods'' (depending on which you like more take the 30s (R5) or 20s (R6), though generally, the 30s are more sensible since when engaging fighters gun pods are more of a hindrance and the 30s are very useful against bombers)

Afterwards, get all the cannon and machine gun upgrades and the remaining ones for better flight characteristics. Bombs and rockets should be ignored until you have researched everything else since they are not very useful.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MK 108 (30 mm)|MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** 1 x 20 mm MG 151 cannon, nose-mounted (200 rpg) + 2 x 13 mm MG 131 machine guns, nose-mounted (300 rpg = 600 total)
** 1 x 30 mm MK 108 cannon, nose-mounted (65 rpg) + 2 x 13 mm MG 131 machine guns, nose-mounted (300 rpg = 600 total) The two machine guns are located just forward of the pilot firing out of the nose of the aircraft. The cannon (either 20 mm or 30 mm) is mounted in the propeller shaft and will fire through the propeller hub. The 30 mm cannon can only be installed once the corresponding module at tier III is unlocked. The best 20 mm belt is "Air Targets", the best 13 mm belt is "IAI" or "Stealth" and the best 30 mm belt is the "Universal" or "Stealth".

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC50JA (50 kg)|SC250JA (250 kg)|Wfr.Gr.21|MK 108 (30 mm)|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (200 kg total)
* 1 x 250 kg SC250JA bomb (250 kg total)
* 2 x 30 mm MK 108 cannons (35 rpg = 70 total)
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons (135 rpg = 270 total)
* 2 x Wfr.Gr.21 rockets

== Usage in battles ==


When stock, you should side climb and enter combat with a superior altitude before engaging. Your enemies will render you ineffective if you don't have the height advantage. However, when it's fully upgraded you might omit side-climbing as the plane should generally get you either at the same altitude or above the opponent. WEP is very effective, so use it to get to an effective altitude in the least amount of time. The engine overheats quite fast, but it also cools down rapidly. Don't be afraid to use WEP even if your temperature is yellow or red.

If you're engaging an enemy while you have an energy advantage, you should do everything in your power to keep or regain this advantage while depleting his. The Bf 109 can achieve this through the use of energy traps like rope-a-dopes, and to disengage when a foe avoids your boom. When neither you or the enemy has an advantage, you should avoid head-ons with the least amount of energy waste. Most of the time the enemy tries to get back on your 6 o clock, which drains his energy much more than yours. This gives you the opportunity to extend, climb, or bait him into an energy trap. Should you, however, face an enemy with superior altitude or speed, attempt to evade his booms on you or force him to overshoot.

When it comes to armament you have the choice of a 20 or 30 mm cannon in the engine, and gun pods of the same calibre. The 20 mm gun has good gun characteristics with decent damage and a good ammo count, while the 30 mm deals devastating damage but has a low ammo capacity and a very slow shell velocity. The gun pods aren't recommended in realistic battles as they dramatically decrease the plane's performance.

In Simulator, the Bf 109 G-6 is quite a friendly fighter that can perform many tasks. It offers great flight performance with its smooth handling, adequate speed, and impressive climb rate and turn rate. Its nose-mounted guns do not require any convergence setting, making it very easy to aim. The nose gently slopes down from the windscreen, offering great over-the-nose visibility. The late G models also have an improved canopy side with less frames, and the solid armour headset is replaced by a transparent bulletproof glass, allowing some rear views which is better over the F models. Said bulletproof glass, however, has a thick metal frame, thus you can only see through the middle at a small portion of the tail. Still this is better than not being able to see anything behind at all. There are bombs of 50kg/250kg to choose from which are beneficial for ground-pounding or base-bombing, although these are not its primary objectives. However, the Bf 109 G does have pretty limited cockpit view obstructed by its numerous canopy frames and handles. The inclusion of two 13mm MG131 creates two large, visible bulges on the nose, just in front of the windscreen, obstructing the pilot's downward view. The plane also behaves poorly during takeoffs due to its torquey engine.

Bring at least 30 minutes of fuel for prolonged patrolling and fighting. The convergence does not really matter, it might be anywhere between 250-600 m. Depending on the task you wish to complete (eg destroy enemy attackers), gunpods can be helpful, if available. Although they slightly worsen the flight performance, that extra burst mass can be the difference between a "Hit" and "Aircraft destroyed". Finally, you can set keys for vertical head movement, as lifting up your head a little helps improving the over-the-nose visibility which helps you to track target.

Taking off in a late Bf 109 is harder than other aircraft, so one should familiarise themselves with the earlier 109s. When taking off, the Bf 109 will shift severely to the left side due to the huge torque, so consider setting keybinds for left and right brakes, as they are more effective at directional control than the rudder while on the ground. As the plane just lifts off the ground it will automatically roll to the left again due to the torque, so you must immediately roll a little right to keep it level, or the left wingtip will strike the ground.

Dogfighting in SB involves everyday RB tactics and manoeuvres such as Immelmann, Split-S, scissor, barrel roll, etc. Note: the Bf 109 handles very sluggishly in the roll axis at low speed, so take this into account if dogfighting at low speed/altitude. You can even pull the elevator fully for maximum agility, but only if you pull gently and gradually will the 109 manoeuvre as you wish. If the stick is pulled harshly and suddenly, the plane will start swaying around and enter a flat spin. The aircraft can quite easily recover from a flat spin by fully deflecting elevators downward and rudder to the opposite side of which the plane is spinning, and wait until it starts a dive and gather some speed to pull up.

* If you want to engage bombers, consider bring gunpods to maximise your damage output. Against late-war heavy bombers like B-17, relying solely on the one central cannon might also work, but that requires more professional evading and longer aiming which is considerably more dangerous, as the bombers you see will be better armed. Choosing between the 30 mm and 20 mm gunpods is up to you. The extra two Mk 108 will significantly boost your one-second burst mass and damage which can be very destructive for experienced pilots doing deflection shots, however the pathetic 35 rounds each gun will not last long in, for example, "destroy enemy bombers" mission where there are ~10 aircraft to down. The pair of MG151 is more balanced in terms of ammo and velocity, although they do not pack as much punch in a short firing window. With the powerful mineshells, 1-3 passes are enough to destroy any aircraft. In fact gunpods can also be helpful in dogfights against fighters, as the slight decrease in performance does not matter a lot in simulator, rather the ability to cripple/destroy the target as soon as you get a chance to is way more important.
* Landing may need practice for some. It is easy at first: decelerate and descent towards the runway, deploy combat, takeoff, landing flaps and gears in such order, fly at ~210 km/h before touchdown. Now note that you must align the plane with the airstrip correctly prior to touchdown and do not yaw/break one side too much when breaking, as the undercarriages are so close together that they cannot support such lateral force, causing the plane to wobble on the tires dangerously or even tilt towards one side, striking a wingtip into the ground. At last, you can break until the plane reaches a full stop and not worry about propeller strike.

==== Specific enemies worth noting ====
Your worst enemies in the Bf-109 G-6 are the [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfires]] and the [[P-47 (Family)|P-47D/N/M Thunderbolts]]. The Spitfire can out-turn you at almost all altitudes below 4,000 meters. You have to be really careful when engaging a P-47 with an altitude advantage against you. The best thing you can do in that case is to turn away and keep climbing. If the Thunderbolt dives on you, turn into the head-on, fire a few rounds then use your superior roll rate to do a split-S. If a Spitfire engages you DO NOT try to turn with it! If you try, you will have fallen into their trap, your best defence is similar to the tactics employed against the Thunderbolt, split-S and use your roll rate.

==== Counter-tactics ====
If you're facing this plane, try to deplete its energy and force the plane either low or high. At higher altitudes, the engine performance is poor at best, and at lower ones, the plane loses energy quickly with no fast means to regain it. Avoid head-ons, as the enemy aircraft can potentially carry up to 3 x 30 mm guns.

=== Pros and cons ===
'''Pros:'''

* Extremely good climb rate, even at high altitudes
* Very good energy retention
* Great for stalling out enemies, as the stall control is excellent
* Good low speed manoeuvrability without gunpods: you'll outurn planes like the P-47s and the early P-51s at low speeds
* Can research 2 types of gun pods for greatly increased firepower
* The plane is overall very durable, with armour plates covering the only fuel tank
* Very powerful engine when using WEP
* More agile than the [[Fw 190 (Family)|Fw 190s]]
* Very good radiators for being a late war 109, they're responsive and will keep the engine cooler for way longer than the G-2's

'''Cons:'''

* Engine produces less horsepower on 100% throttle than the Bf 109 G-2, while being about 200 kg heavier
* Poor armament: unless using gunpods, head-ons should be avoided at all costs
* Outdated airframe means compression speed and rip speed are lower than most enemies you'll face
* Undergunned and underpowered when stock
* Engine still overheats, although not that often as the F or the G-2 model
* Mounted weaponry/payloads will reduce flight performance significantly
* Low ammo count, unless using gunpods; which sacrifice flight performance
* 30 mm MK 108 cannons have too little ammo (35 rpg) to be an effective weapon in a battle
* Flaps are very sluggish to deploy and they rip at low speed
* 13 mm machine guns don't hit very hard
* For Sim, the numerous canopy frames and razorback greatly limit the all-round view, and huge engine torque causes severe turning when taking off

*

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/316100-messerschmitt-bf-109-g-6/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{Sweden fighters}}
{{Sweden premium aircraft}}

LVT(A)(4) (ZIS-2) (USA)

2021-06-01T14:52:19Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=us_lvt_4_zis_2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=LVT(A)(4) ZIS-2
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} American tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.65 "Way of the Samurai"]] in the [[wt:en/news/4416-special-war-thunder-winter-holiday-en|winter holiday]] event of 2016.

Being based off the LVT(A)(1) with the difference of a new turret that hosts a Soviet ZIS gun, offering much more firepower compared to its counterpart.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

Its large and spacious hull might seem hard to knock out all of its crew, but that's only true when you are getting shot from the side. From your side, there is a huge empty area between the driving compartment and the fighting compartment that will absorb any shell, regardless of their explosive fillers. However an experienced player will know to shoot at these two compartments and avoid the empty space. From the front, the spacious hull does not help to keep the crew safe as a penetrating shell will travel through the empty space and hit any crew at the back, so you could die sooner than you expected. Avoid tanks with solid shots, for example British/Swedish tanks.

'''Armour type:'''

*Rolled homogeneous armour
*Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet, Machine gun shield)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Armour!!Front (Slope angle°)!!Sides!!Rear!!Roof
|-
|Hull||12.7 mm (31°) ''Front plate'' 6.35 mm (83-84°) ''Upper glacis'' 6.35 mm (41-81°) ''Lower glacis'' || 6.35 mm (11-51°) ''Top'' 6.35 + 6.35 mm ''Bottom'' || 6.35 mm (0-62°)|| 6.35 mm
|-
|Turret||38 mm (10°) ''Turret front'' 5 mm (1-81°) ''Gun mantlet''||25 mm||25 mm||N/A
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 15 mm thick.
* Front hull has flat armour area where driver & co-driver sits.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=355|rbMinHp=221}}

The LVT's mobility is adequate. On hard surfaces it easily reaches its top speed of around 38 km/h. On soft surfaces it needs more time to accelerate, and the top speed is lowered. The hull traverse is great, allowing you to quickly change direction, however a downside is that when you turn the hull to aim, you might over-turn and swing the gun past the target, increasing the aiming time which can be fatal.

Due to its big and tall tracks, the LVT can drive over some obstacles that are too tall for normal-sized tanks.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|ZIS-2 (57 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[ZIS-2 (57 mm)|57 mm ZIS-2]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 76 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+15° || rowspan="2" | ±25° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 10.6 || 14.6 || 17.8 || 19.6 || 20.9 || rowspan="2" | 8.7 || rowspan="2" | 7.7 || rowspan="2" | 7.1 || rowspan="2" | 6.7
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 7.1 || 8.4 || 10.2 || 11.3 ||12.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| BR-271 || APHEBC || 145 || 143 || 132 || 119 || 108 || 98
|-
| BR-271K || APHE || 145 || 143 || 132 || 119 || 108 || 98
|-
| O-271 || HE || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| BR-271 || APHEBC || 990 || 3.14 || 1.2 || 9 || 21.56 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| BR-271K || APHE || 990 || 3.14 || 1.2 || 9 || 27.72 || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| O-271 || HE || 700 || 3.72 || 0 || 0.1 || 220 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_LVT(A)(4)ZIS-2.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the LVT(A)(4) ZIS-2.]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''76''' || 71 ''(+5)'' || 65 ''(+11)'' || 49 ''(+27)'' || 33 ''(+43)'' || 17 ''(+59)'' || 1 ''(+75)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Hull || 3,000 (250) || 500 || -10°/+20° || ±15°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


LVT(A)(4) ZIS-2 is a fragile tank with a strong bite. The main gun is a very powerful Soviet 57 mm ZIS-2 that has no problem penetrating through the hardest of enemies at its BR. Being such a large tank it has amazing manoeuvrability that works on most terrain. Its high profile makes it an easy target for the enemy to spot from afar and behind objects, fences and hills. Since the LVT(A)(4) has such thin hull armour, it is vulnerable to machine gun and autocannon fire. This makes Self Propelled Anti-Air vehicles and vehicles with 20 mm automatic cannons a lethal enemy, but that is not all the worries, large-calibre guns with HEAT and HE can penetrate with ease and cause detonation on the soft armour of the LVT(A)(4).

LVT(A)(4) ZIS-2 has decent speed and is manoeuvrable enough to handle close combat even lacking a full 360° turret. But, to best counter the most dangerous of enemies, utilize the long gun to its advantage.

You should memorise certain spots on different maps to make the most out of your amazing firepower. Pick spots that:

* Overlook a key passageway/street
* Are not too close or too far from the frontline
* Have hard cover/slopes around
* Are mostly flat (as your gun depression is bad and gun is mounted very high)
* Have some vegetation, if possible

This way you can sit at a comfortable spot, stay away from most dangers and target opponents that appear. The rather flat trajectory of your gun does not require as much elevation when shooting at distant targets which is beginner friendly, however the shell velocity is not fast, so you have to lead more than you think for moving targets. Because this is a sniper's tactic, if you are to bush up for better concealment, it is recommended to stack all bushes onto the upper front of the LVT. This is because you will mostly face targets from one direction only (your front) so you just have to cover up the front. The lower glacis does not need as much bush as it will usually get blocked by vegetations on the ground, acting as natural camouflage.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

[[M4A3 (105) (France)]]: this low-tier Sherman is one tough tank to destroy, but luckily your LVT is one of the few that can destroy it with ease (most of the time). Within 500 m, your default shell can easily penetrate its frontal/side armour with an appropriate angle. You can also penetrate its turret between the edge of the gun mantlet and the gun barrel. A penetrating shell is very likely to knock out most of its crew. However, when it's angling, hull down, or >500 m away, either aim really carefully at the turret or wait until it reveals other weakspots (eg. side). Note that you will be hull-broken easily by its HEAT so avoid getting hit by it.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very powerful cannon for its BR: 145 mm penetration can effectively go through any tank frontally, even in an uptier; upon penetration the 20 g TNT does a great job at finishing off most, if not all the crew
* Good speed and manoeuvrability
* Five crew members with huge space between them increases survivability, especially when most guns it faces have small calibre and little explosive filler (eg. the [[M3 Stuart (Family)|Stuarts']] 37 mm)
* Decent horizontal gun traverse of 50° for a turretless design
* Well-angled turret can lead to some shells bouncing
* Is amphibious, meaning it can launch surprise attacks using rivers

'''Cons:'''

* Huge and tall hull makes it easy to be seen/shot at
* Very thin armour, can be penetrated by any cannon/heavy MG
* Easily hull broken by large calibre HEAT, such as the [[Chi-Ha]]'s 57 mm HEAT
* Below-average 5° gun depression plus the tall hull makes it quite difficult to fight in hilly terrain
* Very slow reverse speed can prevent it from retreating back to cover in time
* The crew in the open topped turret are very close together, meaning they can be taken out in a single shot or by aircraft
* While the turret does rotate, it does not rotate 360°, making it vulnerable to flanking
* Poor zoom of the gunsight makes it hard to see and aim at distant targets

== History ==

The LVT series of tracked amphibious vehicles originated from a pre-war civilian design, the ''Alligator'' hurricane rescue vehicle which had been designed by Donald Roebling (1908-1959) in 1935. An article on a further development of this vehicle in 1937 caught the attention of the US Marine Corps, but initially the proposal of militarising the Alligator met resistance both from the US Navy, who felt conventional landing craft could do the job just as well, and from Roebling himself, who disliked the idea of his vehicle being used for military purposes. The outbreak of war in Europe persuaded Roebling into building it anyway, and by May of 1940 he had completed a militarised prototype, which was tested in November 1940 and subsequently approved for production.

Even before the first prototype had been tested, Roebling had started designing a turret-equipped armed version of his LVT, intended for providing fire support for landings. Originally the design languished, but in June of 1941 the USMC recommended the development of a fire support version of the LVT. Development of this variant was slow, as the entire LVT had to be redesigned: light armour was added to the hull and a 37 mm armed turret similar to that of the M3 Stuart light tank was mounted on top, resulting in the initial fire support variant, the LVT(A)(1).

Combat experience with the LVT(A)(1) soon showed that the 37 mm gun was insufficient for fire support purposes, so the original M3 Stuart turret was replaced by that of a 75 mm Howitzer Motor Carriage M8, creating the LVT(A)(4) variant, of which 1890 were built. Of these, several dozen were delivered to Nationalist China under the Lend-Lease Agreement.

In KMT service, the LVT(A)(4) ended up being used both against the Japanese forces during World War II, as well as against the PLA during the ensuing civil war. Most of them eventually fell into PLA hands. The lack of western supplies meant that ammo soon became sparse for the 75 mm M3 Howitzer gun mounted by the LVT(A)(4); to keep them useful as well as to bolster the number of available armoured vehicles in the PLA inventory, the LVT(A)(4)s were locally converted to either accept the 37 mm M6 tank gun - essentially retrofitting them to LVT(A)(1) status - or the 57 mm ZIS-2 anti-tank gun - identical to the gun used on the [[ZiS-30]] tank destroyer, and technically similar to the ZiS-4 gun used on both the [[T-34-57]] and the [[SU-57B]].

The haphazard way in which these conversions took place, as well as the lack of official documents on them, make it unclear how many LVT(A)(4)s were converted. The lack of available spares for their automotive components makes it unlikely that they were used for long, and it is likely they were withdrawn from frontline use as soon as Soviet deliveries of tanks and armoured vehicles started in the early 1950s.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


* [[LVT(A)(4) (ZiS-2) (China)]] - Identical vehicle in Chinese tree

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{TankManufacturer Food Machinery Corporation (FMC)}}
{{USA tank destroyers}}
{{Winter Event}}

H-5

2021-05-29T01:40:16Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = Chinese jet bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the Russian variant
| link = IL-28
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=il_28_china
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Chinese jet bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
|860||834|| rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 49.4 || 50.3 || 16.4 || 15.5 || rowspan="2" | 1,480
|-
! Upgraded
|953|| 905 || 46.7 || 48.0 || 24.0 || 20.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 577 || 548 || 400 || ~7 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 600 || < 600 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel, no boosters)
|-
| colspan="2" | Klimov VK-1 || 2
| colspan="3" | 13,170 kg || colspan="3" | 326 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load, no boosters) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 23m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 60m fuel || 77m fuel
|-
| 872 kg || colspan="2" | Centrifugal-flow turbojet
| 15,172 kg || 15,772 kg || 17,058 kg || 18,344 kg || 19,801 kg || 23,200 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%, no boosters)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 23m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 60m fuel || 77m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 2,678 kgf || N/A
| 0.35 || 0.34 || 0.31 || 0.29 || 0.27 || 0.23
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 2,678 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.35 || 0.34 || 0.31 || 0.29 || 0.27 || 0.23
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | Booster (Solid fuel rocket)
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! rowspan="2" | Number || rowspan="2" | Booster weight (each) || rowspan="2" | Fuel weight (each) || rowspan="2" | Burn Time || rowspan="2" | Can be shutdown|| rowspan="2" | Jettisoned after use
! colspan="5" | Mass with full booster fuel (no weapons load)
|-
! 23m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 60m fuel || 77m fuel
|-
| 2 || 50 kg || 190 kg || 13s || No || Yes
| 15,652 kg || 16,202 kg || 17,538 kg || 18,824 kg || 20,281 kg
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | Condition
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Maximum booster thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each booster, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Combined engine & booster thrust @ 0 m|The total thrust produced by all engines and boosters. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100% with booster)
|-
! 23m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 60m fuel || 77m fuel
|-
| colspan="2" | ''Stationary'' || colspan="2" | 1,682 kgf || colspan="2" | 8,720 kgf
| 0.56 || 0.54 || 0.50 || 0.46 || 0.43
|-
| colspan="2" | ''Optimal'' || colspan="2" | 1,682 kgf (any speed) || colspan="2" | 8,720 kgf (0kph)
| 0.56 || 0.54 || 0.50 || 0.46 || 0.43
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


;Armour plates

Front gunner

* 6 mm steel plate for the front gunner's seat.
* 10 mm (bottom) and 32 mm (top) steel plates behind the front gunner.
* 10 mm steel plate under the nose.

Pilot

* 6 mm steel plate for the pilot's seat.
* 10 mm steel plate behind the pilot.
* 32 mm (top) steel plate in front of the pilot (part of the steel plate behind the front gunner).

Tail gunner

* 10 mm steel plate under the tail gunner.
* 8 mm steel plates in front of tail gunner.
* 102 mm (rear) and 68 mm (sides) bulletproof glass panes in front of tail gunner.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|NR-23 (23 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 23 mm NR-23 cannons, nose-mounted (100 rpg = 200 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|FAB-100M-43 (100 kg)|FAB-250M-46 (250 kg)|FAB-500M-46 (500 kg)|FAB-1500M-46 (1,500 kg)|FAB-3000M-46 (3,000 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 12 x 100 kg FAB-100M-43 bombs (1,200 kg total)
* 8 x 250 kg FAB-250M-46 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 4 x 500 kg FAB-500M-46 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 1 x 1,500 kg FAB-1500M-46 bomb (1,500 kg total)
* 1 x 3,000 kg FAB-3000M-46 bomb (3,000 kg total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|NR-23 (23 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 23 mm NR-23 cannons, tail turret (225 rpg = 450 total)

== Usage in battles ==


The IL-28 is an extremely versatile aircraft, thanks to its extensive suspended ordnance options. The aircraft can be used as a bomber, or as a CAS aircraft with its bombs. As well, the IL-28 gets access to a powerful forward-firing and defensive set of 23 mm cannons.

Due to its impressive low-altitude manoeuvring capabilities (for a medium bomber), the IL-28 can be utilized in a variety of roles. In all game modes, if a teammate is struggling to evade an assailant, the IL-28 may be able to provide the supporting fire with its dual 23 mm cannons. The aircraft is hampered in this role partly because of its mediocre roll rate and low ammunition count for its forward-firing cannons. If its bomb load is expended, the IL-28 is also a very capable "gunship", or a bomber aircraft whose role is to attract, distract, and destroy enemy aircraft. Other aircraft that can perform this role include the [[G8N1|G8N1 Renzan]], [[IL-10 (1946)]], [[B-29A-BN|B-29 Superfortress]], and [[B-24D-25-CO|B-24D Liberator]], among others.

The IL-28 can be used as a base-bomber in RB. This is initially difficult due to its small stock load of twelve 100 kg bombs, but becomes much easier once the 3,000 kg bomb is unlocked. This monster of a bomb is the second-largest bomb in the game, after the [[Pe-8]]'s [[FAB-5000 (5,000 kg)|FAB-5000]] bomb. This bomb can one-shot bases very easily. When used in this manner, proceed to the nearest base as fast as possible (possibly in a slight dive), drop ordnance, and run. This ensures that the IL-28 won't be intercepted by any fighters, which will take more time to get there. Attempting to climb may not be the best option, as many enemy fighters can get to bomber altitude very quickly.

The second, and more interesting option for the IL-28 is ground attack. The aircraft can carry a variety of powerful ground-attack ordnance (namely the aforementioned 3,000 kg bomb), which make the aircraft extremely effective in mixed battles. When used in this manner, it is worth noting that the aircraft is much more vulnerable, especially in air battles where enemy fighters will arrive extremely quickly. The first effective load for ground attack is the aforementioned 3,000 kg bomb; despite only having a single drop, the bomb is effective enough to take out every enemy tank at a base. This option also ensures the safety of the aircraft, as you will be able to escape quickly after dropping the bomb.

The IL-28 shouldn't be used in an air-to-air role, as it will be outmanoeuvred and outspeeded by most fighters at its BR. If being pursued, employ evasive manoeuvres, and utilize the IL-28's powerful tail gun to shoot at pursuing fighters. The tail turret, packing two NR-23 autocannons, is especially effective, and can easily destroy pursuing attackers. As well, the IL-28 can encounter early missiles such as the [[AIM-9B Sidewinder|AIM-9B]]. If an enemy fires a missile at you, wait until the missile gets close, then perform a sharp manoeuvre. The early missile's weak seeker and G-force capability prevents it from tracking reliably.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful rear 23 mm cannon turret
* Very fast - many early jet fighters cannot catch it at top speed
* Powerful and flexible ordnance capacity
* Highly armoured tail gunner position
* Gunner can cover a large area of the rear and the sides because of the turret design
* Good acceleration
* Tricycle landing gears allow easy braking once landed

'''Cons:'''

* Fuel tanks are not protected by any armour
* Fairly small payload compared to its counterparts
* Able to be intercepted by Korean War-era jet aircraft
* Poor roll rate; any wing damage will often result in a roll that is impossible to pull out of
* Cockpit features no rear visibility
* Fast acceleration means that you might break the wings if you don't pay attention

== History ==

[[File:Harbin H-5.jpg|thumb|A retired Harbin H-5.]]
The Harbin H-5 was the Chinese-produced version of the [[IL-28|IL-28 'Beagle']], a Soviet-designed light bomber used by a variety of countries in the Soviet Bloc.<ref name=":0">Eastern Order of Battle. (n.d.)</ref> Initially entering service in 1967,<ref name=":1">Aguilera, R. (1997)</ref> the aircraft had several changes compared to the original IL-28 including redesigns of the wing and tail structure. Multiple variants of the H-5 were developed, including nuclear weapon carriers, electronic warfare aircraft and reconnaissance aircraft.<ref name=":1" /> The last bomber-variant H-5s were retired in the early 1990s, though it is speculated that some airframes are still in use today in secondary duties.<ref name=":0" />

=== Development and construction ===
In the 1950s, China received several IL-28 'Beagle' jet bombers from the Soviet Union. These aircraft proved to be highly useful, and were used against the Taiwanese in the First Taiwan crisis of 1954-55.<ref name=":0" /> However, the Soviets did not give the Chinese a license for production. As a result, the Chinese government ordered the Harbin aircraft production plant to produce the IL-28 without a license, based on existing Chinese IL-28 aircraft. The aircraft featured numerous changes, the most notable being a redesign of the wing and tail structural panels.<ref name=":0" /> As well, later H-5 aircraft were equipped with a modernised turret carrying two AM-23 autocannons with a greatly improved fire rate, though this feature is not included in-game.<ref name=":0" />

The production of the H-5 was hampered by the cultural revolution, and though an initial prototype flew in 1962,<ref name=":1" /> mass production didn't commence until the late 1960s. After entering service, the H-5 became a primary frontline bomber of the PLAAF.

=== Operational History ===
The Harbin H-5 entered full-scale production in mid-1967,<ref name=":0" /> and began entering service with PLAAF bomber units. However, it had become relatively obsolete by the time it entered service, mainly due to its lack of advanced avionics which effectively limited it to daylight missions. Nevertheless, a range of H-5 models were developed. This included the H-5A, a variant of the H-5 designed specifically to carry nuclear weapons.<ref name=":0" /> This variant would drop a nuclear bomb during a test, in 1968. Other variants include the HZ-5 reconnaissance variant, HD-5 electronic warfare variant, and the HJ-5 bomber trainer.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

The H-5 was used extensively by Chinese frontline units and was retired from frontline service in 1990, well after the retirement of the Soviet IL-28.<ref name=":0" /> There are reports of H-5 variants still in service, but the official PLAAF consensus is that the H-5 was completely retired by 1990. As well, the H-5 was used in a successful defection attempt, by a Chinese captain who flew his airplane to Taiwan.<ref name=":0" /> This aircraft was the first operational IL-28 type aircraft recovered by the west.<ref name=":0" />

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


=== References ===
<references />

=== Works Cited ===

* Eastern Order of Battle. (n.d.). Harbin H-5. Retrieved November 23, 2020, from <nowiki>http://www.easternorbat.com/html/harbin_h-5_eng.html</nowiki>
* Aguilera, R. (1997). Harbin H-5 'Beagle'. Retrieved November 23, 2020, from <nowiki>http://www.theworldwars.net/weapons/entry.php?b=air</nowiki>

{{AirManufacturer Harbin}}
{{China jet aircraft}}

ZSD63/PG87

2021-05-26T14:40:49Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=cn_zsd63_pg87
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Chinese SPAA {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Starfighters"]].

The ZSD63 is the second vehicle in the Chinese SPAA line and offers greatly improved anti-air capabilities to Chinese tankers. Though it looks rather like a jury-rigged technical from the Middle East, having a turret with twin autocannons grafted on an APC chassis, it packs some serious firepower for its rank. A slight brush from the ZSD63's rapid-fire cannons will tear aircraft and lightly armoured ground vehicles to shreds. Even medium tanks will be wary of the onslaught of AP rounds, which can cut through them like a buzzsaw. While it has excellent firepower, the defensive capabilities are lacking; the large size, paper-thin armour, and high profile make it an attractive target to anything on the battlefield. The pair of PG87 cannons have a 600 rpm fire rate that will empty its dual 40 round magazine (80 total) in just over 4 seconds, then to face a truly abysmal reload speed of 30 plus seconds! The vehicle also only carries enough ammo for 5 reloads which will vanish like magic. Its saving grace is the high velocity ammo that makes aiming easy; the succeeding Chinese SPAAs have a much lower rate of fire and lower velocity, thus harder to use against aerial targets until the [[WZ305]] and its proximity-fused shells are researched. Despite these challenges, the ZSD63 can be a very fun vehicle to play and will serve well as an anti-air vehicle even beyond its low rank.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear
|-
| Hull || 12 mm || 8 mm || 8 mm
|-
| Turret || 8 mm || 8 mm || 8 mm
|-
|}

Despite its armoured box look, one would be hard pressed to call the ZSD63 "armoured". The armour is almost entirely 8 mm thick all-around, save for the 12 mm upper glacis. The near vertical sides may as well be unprotected. Adding insult to injury is the high-mounted open-top turret with the crews' heads exposed on top like pumpkins. Even coaxial rifle-calibre machine guns stand a fair chance of penetrating this vehicle. While you might survive a few glancing bullets or have shots pass through the empty rear compartment, the best survival tactic is to avoid being seen and stay close to cover for quick retreats after firing off a few bursts.

On the other hand, the extremely thin armour will result in most shells over-penetrating, given that most fuse sensitivities are around 10 mm. An over-penetration through the empty space is likely to do little to no damage. Although you might survive, it is still a clear warning that you are exposed to lethal firepower and you should immediately relocate if possible.

Note that the ZSD63 can be hull-broken. Avoid being hit by HEAT or HE rounds.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=369|rbMinHp=230}}

Mobility is good, though somewhat underwhelming compared to what the statistics might suggest. With 19 hp/ton, the ZSD63 accelerates to 60 km/h forward on paved roads and the suspension works quite nicely on all kinds of terrain. Off-road speed is less impressive, topping at around 30-35 km/h. The 8 km/h reverse speed leaves something to be desired but is better than most contemporary vehicles. Overall, the ZSD63 is mobile enough to follow teammates and flank, though it is not exactly lightning fast and there should be no expectation of arriving at the battlefield far ahead of everyone else.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|PG87 (25 mm)}}

The {{PAGENAME}} is arguably the most lethal autocannon system at its rank in-game. Each cannon fires a staggering 10 rounds per second (600 rpm) with extremely high velocity and precision. The excellent turret traverse speed makes tracking targets very easy. Aircraft are instant confetti under its FI-T rounds. Although the AP-T penetration at 100 meters is only 60 mm, declining to 47 mm at 500 meters, the high fire rate and high velocity allow multiple hits at weak points until a kill shot is made. Light tanks, tank destroyers, and other SPAAs are generally easy targets. Medium units should not be too difficult to eliminate either, and even heavy tanks can be disabled by the cannons when aimed at vulnerable locations. The weaknesses are the limited belt capacity and the extremely long reload time, so be highly conservative with your fire control. This monster will be just as effective in Rank VII as in Rank II.

The default belt is a 50/50 mix of AP-T and FI-T. This does a pretty good job for anti-air operations, and is perfectly adequate for the sort of ground targets you should be engaging - lightly armoured vehicles. The pure AP-T load is better but a needless expense. There is also a pure FI-T belt that is high effective versus aircraft but essentially useless against ground targets; it is not of much use since the default belt is almost as effective and can still deal with ground targets adequately. Using just the default belt avoids the potential for having the wrong belt loaded - it is good for all targets

Avoid trying to switch belts in the middle of combat as might be done for other SPAAs. Doing so will put the guns out of commission for potentially more than 30 seconds, which is unhelpful to say the least if there are enemies around. Spending minutes to switch belts for different targets only makes you defenceless and vulnerable.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[PG87 (25 mm)|25 mm PG87]] (x2) || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 480 (40) || rowspan="2" | 600 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+90° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 47.6 || 65.8 || 79.9 || 88.8 || 94.0 || rowspan="2" | 32.5 || rowspan="2" | 28.8 || rowspan="2" | 26.5 || rowspan="2" | 25
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 32.1 || 37.8 || 45.9 || 50.8 || 54.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|FI-T*|Fragmentation incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}
* '''Type 87 HE:''' {{Annotation|FI-T*|Fragmentation incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}
* '''Type 87 AP:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="7" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| Default || 63 || 60 || 47 || 35 || 26 || 19
|-
| Type 87 HE || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2
|-
| Type 87 AP || 63 || 60 || 47 || 35 || 26 || 19
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Belt details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| Type 87 HE || FI-T* || 1,050 || 0.25 || 0 || 0.1 || 19 || 47° || 56° || 65°
|-
| Type 87 AP || AP-T || 1,050 || 0.25 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''12''' || 10 ''(+2)'' || 8 ''(+4)'' || 6 ''(+6)'' || 4 ''(+8)'' || 2 ''(+10)'' || 0 ''(+12)'' || No
|-
|}
Notes:

* A box of ammunition contains 40 projectiles.
* A rack consists of 2 boxes.

== Usage in battles ==


The main job for this vehicle is providing effective defence for your team against enemy aircraft. Avoid continuous firing, 1 to 2 second bursts are critical for success. The cannons have noticeable recoil and the limited ammunition capacity does not allow for much "Spray and Pray". Before any planes spawn, it is recommended to locate yourself between the points and the spawn, and find some hard cover. This way you can get close to most of your teammates and target incoming planes easier, you don't need to worry about getting shot by enemy tanks, and you can use the covers to dodge strafing planes. Then, as soon as an enemy plane spawns, slowly shoot single salvos towards it to draw its attention. Most planes will dive in for an easy SPAA kill, knowing that all SPAA have weak armour and not-lethal-enough firepower. If it is a bomber, position your hull sideways for quick retreat from bombs. Planes diving straight towards the ZSD63 are very threatening, but at the same time they present easy no-deflection targets; use your great gunsight magnification to work out the plane's flying path, and spray a 1-sec burst of 25 mm rounds in their flight path. 1-3 hits will shred most planes apart. With this method a 40-round clip can take out 1-2 planes. Fire conservatively if the target is not flying directly towards or away from the ZSD63.

When attacking ground units, be extremely cautious and avoid exposing your weak armour. The best approach for engaging ground units is do not do so except for the lightest ones. The pure AP (AP-T) belt doubles the chance of penetrating hits but changing belts is time consuming, and you should not be engaging ground targets where the default belt isn't enough in the first place. Wide flanking manoeuvres allow you to attack the weak sides of light targets, but are likely to leave you exposed and without any support yourself - so an easy target. Going wide, you will likely encounter other weakly armoured units like the popular [[M24 (Family)|M24 Chaffee]], which is very vulnerable to the 25 mm cannons. Know your targets and aim for weak points. The ubiquitous Shermans are generally tough customers from the front, where at most the transmission housings or perhaps ventilators can be penetrated, but the terrible hull side armour is a good target. The lower side armour behind the tracks is an especially good weak point if facing Shermans with applique side armour, and spraying a wide burst in that area can knock out the transmission, ammo, and driver. Other medium tanks like the [[Pz.IV F2]] and [[Chi-Nu]] are vulnerable from the front at close range. T-34s are tougher targets and can only be reliably penetrated frontally in the turret cheeks (for "small turret" models like the [[T-34 (1940)]]) or the turret ring at close range. The hull sides are thicker and better sloped than other medium tanks and also have fuel tanks protecting the turret crew, so during flanking attacks, try to shoot the lower hull armour to knock out the engine and driver/machine gunner before going for the turret side. The AP round does not have explosive filler so multiple penetrating hits are needed to defeat a tank. Remember that the ZSD63 also has access to artillery, a very useful spoiler to keep your targets off balance.

For self-defence, it is important to know how to disable opponents quickly and efficiently, with minimal time and ammunition expenditure. Obviously the optimal situation is to knock out a target's crew before they can attack the ZSD63, but this will not always be possible. The twin cannons can destroy tracks and tires almost instantly, but for turreted vehicles this will not prevent the target from returning fire. If only one track is destroyed, even a casemate tank destroyer can potentially scoot around enough to fire back (though this can expose their sides). Destroying the engine is a good move when shooting from the sides or rear for this reason. Destroying gun barrels is also a good idea, but this can be difficult if said barrel is pointed directly at you, presenting a small cross section. Destroying turret rings can also be helpful, but this is not really possible outside of close quarters, and some tanks like Shermans don't even have vulnerable turret rings. Juggling these techniques takes practice, and some may end up using a lot of ammo, so it's best not to use the ZSD63 offensively against multiple well-armoured opponents. Damage targets just enough to save yourself and allow your teammates to finish them off. A target with upgraded crew skills might be able to repair their damage before the ZSD63 can reload!

Note that the default gun camera seems to be located between the guns, as a result when shooting at a target your vision will be mostly obstructed by the muzzle smoke. Some solutions include moving slightly away from the old spot to get out of the smoke, or use the "camera from gunner sight" option, although it may not be practical for other tanks.

Expect to go to allied cap zones more than most vehicles to replenish ammo and possibly another crew member.

'''Against the ZSD63:'''

'''Light tank/SPAA''': these vehicles are not well armoured (eg. [[M24 (Family)|M24]]) so never expose yourself to a ZSD63, or you will get destroyed within a second. If you get the chance to fire at it, do not shoot the hull directly below the turret, as there is absolutely nothing there. Your shells will either over-penetrate without detonating, or explode inside with the shrapnel hitting next to nothing. Only target two sections: frontal hull and turret. These are the areas where there are crew inside. A few more shots might be needed if the shell fuse are not set off by the thin armour. For an SPAA (eg. [[M16 MGMC]]) it will be easier, as all you have to do is spray bullets/shells at said parts until the ZSD63 is knocked out.

'''Medium tank/tank destroyer''': never rely on your armour even in a medium tank or tank destroyer. The ZSD's AP rounds have a maximum of 63 mm penetration which is enough to go through some weakspots of common tanks (eg. [[Pz.IV F2]], [[M4A1]], [[StuG III F]]), even from the front! Since medium tanks do not have good mobility as lighter tanks and thus cannot manoeuvre around the ZSD quickly, it is crucial to ensure that it cannot fight back or cannot penetrate you. Angle your hull, target the above areas, but prioritise the turret. If you have add-on armour installed they might save your life now, for example the frontal hull armour of the Pz.IV F is 50 mm which can be penetrated by the ZSD's AP, but with an additional 20 mm tracks it becomes 70 mm, which is immune to its shells. Even a Sherman's weak side will be able to resist some fatal shells with a slight increase in its effective thickness (38 + ~20 = ~58 mm).

'''Heavy tank''': in a well-protected heavy tank such as [[T14]], you are safe to take some hits from a ZSD and not worry about a single shell going through, since most if not all heavy tanks' front/side armour is thicker than 63 mm. Target the same areas as said above. Note that heavy tanks are less mobile so the ZSD might manage to break your tracks and/or gun barrel. Prevent this by angling your hull and traversing it randomly, and swing your turret around randomly while you reload, this way the ZSD will waste quite some shells to follow up its target.

'''Aircraft''': with a plane against a ZSD, your best buddy is anything with big blast radius, like bombs and rockets. With them, you do not have to perform head-ons with a ZSD63, rather you can destroy it from far away and bank off early if your bomb drops or rockets are accurately aimed. Planes such as [[P-47D-28|P-47D]] and [[F6F-5|F6F]] are perfect for this role. The shrapnel can pierce through the ZSD's thin armour easily and knock out its crew members and/or modules. It is very not recommended to go head-on with a ZSD no matter how powerful your offensive weapons are. With the ZSD's great shell velocity, accuracy, trajectory, penetration and damage, the SPAA is able to put a spray of deadly 25 mm shells precisely in your flight path, and you cannot afford to take more than ~2 hits from its guns. However it has a really long reload time of around 30 seconds, so you can try strafing it if you think it fired around 40 shells.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

* [[R3 T20 FA-HS]]: This popular Italian vehicle should be a player's priority target to hunt, if playing in an anti tank mode. It is extremely fast on road and bears a very deadly 20 mm rapid-firing autocannon. With the high fire rate and great speed, it can appear at unexpected positions and easily finish the {{PAGENAME}} with a 2-second burst. To deal with it, the full AP belt is very handy. Aim at the front half of its hull and tap to fire single salvos, and the {{PAGENAME}} can knock out all of its crews quickly.
* [[Wirbelwind]]: this is another big threat. It has two types of AP belts, and both of them can penetrate the {{PAGENAME}}'s armour. Plus the good firerate and four barrels it can be equally deadly as the R3 T20. It also has better survivability in terms of hull armour and crew number: 80 mm of frontal armour means that the {{PAGENAME}}'s guns cannot penetrate it in a frontal encounter, while the rather spread out crew makes it harder to knock it out in time. Aim at its turret and wipe out all the turret crew to disarm it. Of course, aim at the hull side/rear if it's not facing the {{PAGENAME}} frontally.
* [[Ju 87 (Family)|Ju 87]], [[Bf 110 (Family)|Bf 110]], etc: utmost care should be taken when facing against bomb-equipped planes since even if they are considered destroyed, they can still drop their bombs around the {{PAGENAME}} which, given its weak armour, will likely result in the vehicle getting destroyed by the bombs. Common examples include the Ju 87 and Bf 110 series as they can carry bombs of up to 1,000 kg which is a huge threat. As mentioned above, find hard cover and point the hull sideways so the {{PAGENAME}} can quickly get away from the bombs.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent firepower against planes and light & medium tanks
* Extremely high rate of fire, making it deadly against any and all aircraft
* Great -10 degrees gun depression allows engagements in hilly terrain
* High top speed allows it to get to positions in time
* Thin armour can lead to some shells over-penetrating without detonation (e.g. 122 mm)
* Huge gap behind the driving compartment and below the turret can absorb shells
* Great gun sight magnification allows easy snipes from long range

'''Cons:'''

* Extremely long reload time of up to 32 seconds
* High rate of fire can empty the magazine in 4 seconds
* Low magazine capacity (2 x 40 rounds) as well as low total ammunition capacity (only 480 rounds)
* Very poor survivability due to its light armour and open-topped turret with exposed crew
* Fuel tanks are easily set on fire
* High profile makes it easier to get spotted and shot at
* AP round is not powerful enough to penetrate heavy tanks even at point blank range

== History ==


The 装甲输送车 (Zhuangjia Shusong Che, Armoured Personnel Carrier) ZSD63 was China's first domestic armoured vehicle design. China initiated the work in 1958 with a prototype finished in 1960. It is also sometimes called the "Type 63", both a name system used to refer to Julian year of production start. The basic steel box design is simple and functional, designed for small arms protection and have all terrain operation with amphibious capabilities. Although it is a domestic Chinese design, the Soviet design influence is strongly visible. Thousands have been produced with hundreds sold to other countries making it one of the most successful military vehicles built.

This SPAA version mounts a turret on the roof armed with twin PG87 which is based on the Soviet ZU-23-2 23 mm auto cannon which was modified to use domestically produced 25x183B 25 mm rounds. As the name suggests, this weapon was put in production in 1987 making for a retrofit of an approximately 23 year old chassis. This turret seems to be literally mounted on the roof, as there is no hole into the hull of the ZSD, likely an attempt to maintain is amphibious ability despite additional weight. In addition, a pair of extending feet for stabilization were added, but are not functional in-game. It is likely in real world operation the vehicle had to be stationary, feet planted, and crew externally passing the large and heavy ammo magazines to the loaders on top.

=== [[wt:en/news/6702-development-zsd-63-twin-barrel-mower-en|Devblog]] ===
During the 1980's, Chinese engineers finished developing a new dual 25mm anti-aircraft turret, designated as the PG87. Intended to replace the outdated 37mm anti-air cannons in service with the Chinese armed forces in the years prior, work on this replacement already began in the 1970's, but lacking interest and shifting priorities led to the development work being prolonged into the next decade.

Around the same time, the Chinese military was in dire need of a new mobile SPAA vehicle in order to successfully be able to carry out its air defense tasks. As no new vehicle could be developed in such short notice, the decision was made to convert existing Type 63 APC chassis into SPAAG's with the use of the newly developed PG87 anti-air turret.

The result of this undertaking was an SPAA variant of the Type 63 APC, which entered service with the Chinese military some time in the late 1980's and early 1990's. It's unknown exactly how many APC's were converted onto the SPAAG standard nor if the vehicle is still in active service today.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=china&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=spaa&vehicle=cn_zsd63_pg87 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

'''Images'''<gallery mode="packed" caption="Devblog Images" heights="150">
File:ZSD-63 WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:ZSD-63 WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:ZSD-63 WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:ZSD-63 WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:ZSD-63 WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:ZSD-63 WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|QAM5QTzjZLg|'''Spade Review: {{PAGENAME}}. A Powerful but limited AA''' - ''Joseph 2000''}}

== See also ==


;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[Wirbelwind]]
* [[Crusader AA Mk II]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6702-development-zsd-63-twin-barrel-mower-en|[Devblog] ZSD63: twin-barrel mower]]
* [[wikipedia:Type_63_(armoured_personnel_carrier)|[Wikipedia] Type 63 (armoured personnel carrier)]]

{{China anti-aircraft vehicles}}

Hs 129 B-3

2021-05-26T14:25:48Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = German strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Hs 129 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=hs-129b-3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.37]].

The Hs 129 is a pure ground attack aircraft, designed mostly to take out tanks and armoured vehicles. The anti-tank gun [[KwK 40 (75 mm)|PaK 40]] is capable of knocking out medium tanks, while the 7.92 mm LMGs can destroy armoured cars and mobile AAAs. The plane is both slow and sluggish, meaning that it practically has to go after ground targets, but the armament and armour somewhat compensate for that and enable the plane to take out nearly all ground targets except pillboxes and heavy tanks.

The plane is very heavy, which makes it nearly impossible to take out fighters. Even most medium bombers are more manoeuvrable; however, the plane is heavily armoured, so it can last a while even under heavy fire, even to such a degree that some planes run out of ammunition before taking out a Henschel.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,550 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 421 || 404 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.4 || 31.3 || 5.9 || 5.9 || rowspan="2" | 331
|-
! Upgraded
| 466 || 439 || 26.5 || 27.9 || 11.2 || 8.3
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 287 || 252 || 190 || ~10 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 320 || < 320 || < 300 || > 280
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 3,550 m || 1,300 hp || 1,530 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 5 mm Steel - Oil cooler covers
* 5 mm Steel - Lower engine cowl protection
* 2 mm Steel - Cockpit side plates
* 12 mm Steel - Cockpit back plate, floor, and front plates
* 75 mm Bulletproof glass

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
[[File:Hs-129 B-3 destroying a ground vehicle.png|thumb|Hs-129 B-3 destroying a ground vehicle with its 75 mm BK 7.5 cannon]]
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|BK 7.5 (75 mm)|MG 17 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 75 mm BK 7.5 cannon, chin-mounted (13 rpg)
* 2 x 7.92 mm MG 17 machine guns, cheek-mounted (1,000 rpg = 2,000 total)

The two machine guns are arranged on each side of the fuselage. The 75 mm cannon is mounted to the underside of the fuselage. When aiming do not use the crosshair, instead, to be more precise with your shots, take the diameter of the aiming circle and put the length under the circle. This should provide the most accurate shot as that spot is a rough estimation of where your shot will land.

== Usage in battles ==

[[File:Cockpit_Hs129B.jpg|x400px|thumbnail|right|The Hs 129 B's instrument panel.]]

The Hs 129 B-3 is capable of destroying most mission-relevant ground targets. Tanks of all sorts, as well as light pillboxes, can be destroyed in one hit, provided armour piercing ammunition is used. Thanks to the 13 shells available, this can make a single Hs 129 B-3 a game-changing aircraft.

The Hs 129, however, does have major drawbacks. Its engines are weak which results in poor top speed, acceleration and climb rate. This, combined with the armour of nearly one-ton weight, makes it perform poorly in air combat and very vulnerable to attacks of enemy fighters. This, however, goes so far that sometimes enemy pilots underestimate the Hs 129 and overshoot it after a tight turn, which gives the Hs 129 pilot a moderate chance of defending himself.

In simulator battles, it is ''highly advisable'' to climb to at least 600 meters, level, and build speed (energy) before turning and returning for another attack. When spawning, it is still recommended to climb to 1000 meters above ground and use the scope to spot enemy ground vehicles in simulator battles. If there are possible enemies in the area, lose altitude, and fly away from the enemy to take a different path.

Do not attempt to make quick adjustments when aiming in a dive. Pull up, and try again. The AI tanks will go nowhere. Use 'universal belts' to help aim the main tank gun. It is not recommended to use tracers. The plane needs one major virtue to produce desirable results: patience.

The plane may sound very weak but, every tool in the box has a specific purpose: the Hs 129 B-3 is designed to win through objective destruction.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

[[Yak-2 KABB]]: Do not think that the {{PAGENAME}} can confidently out maneuver this plane just because it is twin-engined. The Yak-2 has an amazing turn rate for a heavy fighter, thus the {{PAGENAME}} must avoid turning with it, if not dogfighting with it in general. It bears a pair of ShVAK cannons that can easily damage vital parts like engine or cooling systems. It has green camo, greatly resembling an Me 410 but with an H-tail like a Bf 110's.

[[ZSD63]]: A dangerous SPAA to go up against in Tank Realistic Battles. Though it is hard to identify specific SPAA vehicles on the ground (especially when they are shooting tracers at the plane), if a ZSD63 is identified, avoid it at all costs and '''do not''' attempt head-ons with it, ever. It can easily snap a wing off by casually putting a short burst in the {{PAGENAME}}'s flight path. Don't even get close to it unless it is busy shooting someone else. Even the {{PAGENAME}}'s mighty 75mm cannon cannot effectively damage it as its hull is overall quite empty, causing your shells to do little to no damage. Some identifying features of the ZSD63 is its rather boxy and tall hull with a geometric turret sitting at the back, slightly similar to a Wirbelwind's. The firing manner is also distinctive: the sound and green tracers are very rapid, much like a buzz saw, but then it will remain silent for half a minute reloading. Note that an experienced ZSD player will hold its fire or shoot in single salvos with long halts between, making it look like that it's reloading.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* The combination of the 7.92 mm machine guns and the 75 mm anti-tank gun can make short work of armoured columns
* Can be quite profitable in Air RB when used right, as destroying tanks nets you quite a high score
* A well-timed shot from the 75 mm gun when firing High Explosive can tear an aircraft apart
* Extremely effective in tank realistic battles with air superiority. The 75 mm can take out even the most heavily armoured Allied tanks
* The 7.92 mm machine guns allow for engaging unarmoured targets without wasting 75 mm ammunition
* Can take a fair amount of punishment
* Quite a stable gun platform
* Default ammunition for 75 mm gun is made up of only AP shells, unlike similar aircraft

'''Cons:'''

* Extremely slow from under-powered engines
* Terrible climb rate
* Not particularly manoeuvrable
* Poor energy retention
* Damage to engines can lose enough power to the extent that the plane simply falls out of the sky
* No defensive armament translates to a "sitting duck" in some combat situations, especially without friendly fighters in the air
* Cockpit has very thin armour that leaves pilot vulnerable to most enemy projectiles
* The gun has large horizontal dropoff (if you dive at a higher angle, the shots will land nearer to the crosshair)
* 75 mm can be rather inaccurate if "New 75 mm Cannons" is not researched
* Has only 13 rounds for the 75 mm cannon

== History ==


Produced in 1944, the B-3 variant of the Henschel Hs 129 was installed with the 7.5 cm BK 7,5 cannon, a lighter version of the PaK 40 which already been tested on the Junkers Ju 88. The 7.5 cm BK 7,5 had 12 rounds in a rotary magazine. The gun was fully automatic, with a newly designed hydraulic recoil dampening system and a more aerodynamic muzzle brake. The gun pod had a circular port to let the cartridges eject after firing. The 7.5 cm BK 7,5 was the most powerful forward-firing weapon ever fitted to a production aircraft at the time. It can theatrically destroy any armoured target it found. Only 25 units of the Hs 129 B-3 were produced.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=germany&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=assault&vehicle=hs-129b-3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|VHJN6ZWOmnY|'''The bane of tanks''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 3:12 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* [[Ki-109]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/2689--en|[Ugly Ducklings] - Hs 129]]

{{AirManufacturer Henschel}}
{{Germany strike aircraft}}

Hs 129 B-3

2021-05-26T14:24:46Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = German strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Hs 129 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=hs-129b-3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.37]].

The Hs 129 is a pure ground attack aircraft, designed mostly to take out tanks and armoured vehicles. The anti-tank gun [[KwK 40 (75 mm)|PaK 40]] is capable of knocking out medium tanks, while the 7.92 mm LMGs can destroy armoured cars and mobile AAAs. The plane is both slow and sluggish, meaning that it practically has to go after ground targets, but the armament and armour somewhat compensate for that and enable the plane to take out nearly all ground targets except pillboxes and heavy tanks.

The plane is very heavy, which makes it nearly impossible to take out fighters. Even most medium bombers are more manoeuvrable; however, the plane is heavily armoured, so it can last a while even under heavy fire, even to such a degree that some planes run out of ammunition before taking out a Henschel.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,550 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 421 || 404 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.4 || 31.3 || 5.9 || 5.9 || rowspan="2" | 331
|-
! Upgraded
| 466 || 439 || 26.5 || 27.9 || 11.2 || 8.3
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 287 || 252 || 190 || ~10 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 320 || < 320 || < 300 || > 280
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 3,550 m || 1,300 hp || 1,530 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 5 mm Steel - Oil cooler covers
* 5 mm Steel - Lower engine cowl protection
* 2 mm Steel - Cockpit side plates
* 12 mm Steel - Cockpit back plate, floor, and front plates
* 75 mm Bulletproof glass

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
[[File:Hs-129 B-3 destroying a ground vehicle.png|thumb|Hs-129 B-3 destroying a ground vehicle with its 75 mm BK 7.5 cannon]]
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|BK 7.5 (75 mm)|MG 17 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 75 mm BK 7.5 cannon, chin-mounted (13 rpg)
* 2 x 7.92 mm MG 17 machine guns, cheek-mounted (1,000 rpg = 2,000 total)

The two machine guns are arranged on each side of the fuselage. The 75 mm cannon is mounted to the underside of the fuselage. When aiming do not use the crosshair, instead, to be more precise with your shots, take the diameter of the aiming circle and put the length under the circle. This should provide the most accurate shot as that spot is a rough estimation of where your shot will land.

== Usage in battles ==

[[File:Cockpit_Hs129B.jpg|x400px|thumbnail|right|The Hs 129 B's instrument panel.]]

The Hs 129 B-3 is capable of destroying most mission-relevant ground targets. Tanks of all sorts, as well as light pillboxes, can be destroyed in one hit, provided armour piercing ammunition is used. Thanks to the 13 shells available, this can make a single Hs 129 B-3 a game-changing aircraft.

The Hs 129, however, does have major drawbacks. Its engines are weak which results in poor top speed, acceleration and climb rate. This, combined with the armour of nearly one-ton weight, makes it perform poorly in air combat and very vulnerable to attacks of enemy fighters. This, however, goes so far that sometimes enemy pilots underestimate the Hs 129 and overshoot it after a tight turn, which gives the Hs 129 pilot a moderate chance of defending himself.

In simulator battles, it is ''highly advisable'' to climb to at least 600 meters, level, and build speed (energy) before turning and returning for another attack. When spawning, it is still recommended to climb to 1000 meters above ground and use the scope to spot enemy ground vehicles in simulator battles. If there are possible enemies in the area, lose altitude, and fly away from the enemy to take a different path.

Do not attempt to make quick adjustments when aiming in a dive. Pull up, and try again. The AI tanks will go nowhere. Use 'universal belts' to help aim the main tank gun. It is not recommended to use tracers. The plane needs one major virtue to produce desirable results: patience.

The plane may sound very weak but, every tool in the box has a specific purpose: the Hs 129 B-3 is designed to win through objective destruction.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

[[Yak-2 KABB]]: Do not think that the {{PAGENAME}} can confidently out maneuver this plane just because it is twin-engined. The Yak-2 has an amazing turn rate for a heavy fighter, thus the {{PAGENAME}} must avoid turning with it, if not dogfighting with it in general. It bears a pair of ShVAK cannons that can easily damage vital parts like engine or cooling systems. It has green camo, greatly resembling an Me 410 but with an H-tail like a Bf 110's.

[[ZSD63]]: A dangerous SPAA to go up against in Tank Realistic Battles. Though it is hard to identify specific SPAA vehicles on the ground (especially when they are shooting tracers at the plane), if a ZSD63 is identified, avoid it at all costs and '''do not''' attempt head-ons with it, ever. It can easily snap a wing off by casually putting a short burst in the {{PAGENAME}}'s flight path. Don't even get close to it unless it is busy shooting someone else. Even the {{PAGENAME}}'s mighty 75mm cannon cannot effectively damage it as its hull is overall quite empty, causing your shells to do little to no damage. Some identifying features of the ZSD63 is its rather boxy and tall hull with a geometric turret sitting at the back, slightly similar to a Wirbelwind's. The firing manner is also distinctive: the sound and green tracers are very rapid, much like a buzz saw, but then it will remain silent for half a minute reloading. Note that an experienced ZSD player will hold its fire or shoot in single salvos with long halts between, making it look like that it's reloading.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* The combination of the 7.92 mm machine guns and the 75 mm anti-tank gun can make short work of armoured columns
* Can be quite profitable in Air RB when used right, as destroying tanks nets you quite a high score
* A well-timed shot from the 75 mm gun when firing High Explosive can tear an aircraft apart
* Extremely effective in tank realistic battles with air superiority. The 75 mm can take out even the most heavily armoured Allied tanks
* The 7.92 mm machine guns allow for engaging unarmoured targets without wasting 75 mm ammunition
* Can take a fair amount of punishment
* Quite a stable gun platform
* Default ammunition for 75 mm gun is made up of only AP shells, unlike similar aircraft

'''Cons:'''

* Extremely slow from under-powered engines
* Terrible climb rate
* Not particularly manoeuvrable
* Poor energy retention
* Damage to engines can lose enough power to the extent that the plane simply falls out of the sky
* No defensive armament translates to a "sitting duck" in some combat situations, especially without friendly fighters in the air
* Cockpit has very thin armour that leaves pilot vulnerable to most enemy projectiles
* The gun has large horizontal dropoff (if you dive at a higher angle, the shots will land nearer to the crosshair)
* Has only 35 rounds for the 75 mm cannon

== History ==


Produced in 1944, the B-3 variant of the Henschel Hs 129 was installed with the 7.5 cm BK 7,5 cannon, a lighter version of the PaK 40 which already been tested on the Junkers Ju 88. The 7.5 cm BK 7,5 had 12 rounds in a rotary magazine. The gun was fully automatic, with a newly designed hydraulic recoil dampening system and a more aerodynamic muzzle brake. The gun pod had a circular port to let the cartridges eject after firing. The 7.5 cm BK 7,5 was the most powerful forward-firing weapon ever fitted to a production aircraft at the time. It can theatrically destroy any armoured target it found. Only 25 units of the Hs 129 B-3 were produced.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=germany&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=assault&vehicle=hs-129b-3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|VHJN6ZWOmnY|'''The bane of tanks''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 3:12 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* [[Ki-109]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/2689--en|[Ugly Ducklings] - Hs 129]]

{{AirManufacturer Henschel}}
{{Germany strike aircraft}}

XF5F

2021-05-18T18:41:47Z

U98661543: /* Flight performance */

{{Specs-Card
|code=xf5f
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_xf5f.jpg
|market=XF5F Skyrocket
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} American twin-engine fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.37]].

As a gift vehicle. the XF5F was only obtainable on special occasions throughout the years:

* During the [[wt:en/news/404--en|2014 Winter Magic]] event, the XF5F was given to the players who participated the most in the event.
* During the [[wt:en/news/2598--en|2014 War Thunder Anniversary]] event, the XF5F was one of the few planes that were given away.
* In the [[wt:en/news/3610-special-team-deathmatch-win-rare-vehicles-en|2016 Team Deathmatch]] tournament, the plane was awarded to the top 300 players.
* During the [[wt:en/news/4978-special-us-air-force-day-get-the-xf5f-skyrocket-en|2017 U.S. Air Force day]] event, the plane could be received by performing a single in-game task.
* It was also made available in the [[Warbonds]] shop as a random prize of the Vehicle battle trophy from April to August 2018 and from September 2019 to February 2020.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The XF5F Skyrocket is an oddity. Its lightweight and surprising manoeuvrability aren't what you'd expect from a twin-engine fighter. Indeed, it is among the most agile twin-engine planes at this rank. Coupled with the low weight and its two powerplants, this aircraft makes for a unique flying style. The responsive roll and pull, in addition to the effective combat flaps, engine throttle management, and acceleration, allows for some nifty dogfighting against heavier planes that may see you as easy prey. It locks up similar to the XP-50's high-speed compression as you go past 600 km/h.

Keep in mind, however, that the engines will overheat badly at low altitude, and even more so at around 2,800 m due to the supercharger. Overheating isn't nearly as serious at higher altitude (around 12,000 ft / 3,600 m), where fresh air will cool your motor apparatus quickly. Alternatively, you may manually set the radiators to ~40% water/20% oil for continuous 100% engine power. Overall, the XF5F is a plane that favours high altitude, medium speed engagements, where it is safe from crashing in the ground and has room to manoeuvre.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,273 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 558 || 544 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.9 || 22.6 || 7.4 || 7.3 || rowspan="2" | 280
|-
! Upgraded
| 588 || 574 || 20.2 || 21.0 || 12.1 || 9.7
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 465 || 436 || 290 || ~11 || ~7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 350 || < 400 || < 350 || > 300
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 1,200-5,000 m || 1,200 hp || N/A
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 4,200-9,000 m || 1,120 hp || N/A
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 9.5 mm Steel plate in the nose
* 9.5 mm Steel plate behind the pilot
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 in each wingroot)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)|Browning (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (200 rpg = 400 total)
* 2 x 7.62 mm Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==


;Combat tactics

The Skyrocket's primary role is going to be Boom & Zoom; the climb rate is decent, and so is the energy retention if you stay under 550 kph and opt for smooth, moderate turns. However, the lack of heavy armament means that you will have to keep your guns on target longer in order to achieve considerable damage. Such opportunity comes when the enemy is low on speed and not suspecting any enemies/tunnel-visioned on an ally; for example at the top of a loop, or in a sustained turn fight with an allied plane. If required, you can push the XF5F into a more aggressive energy fighter, similar to the Bf 109 series, where looping back on the enemy while holding superior speed and altitude allows you to extinguish their energy little by little. Some general tips:

* Exploiting the opponent's weakness while relying on a fast straight-line acceleration may allow for escapes out of an unfavourable situation.
* Energy fighters (Bf 109/C.205/La-5) trying to out turn a twin-engine plane can be lured into stall-speed turn fights and intercepted during their subsequent speed recovery.
* Single engagements at low altitude are optimal thanks to fast acceleration trumping dive speed and climb.
* Engagements with multiple opponents are to be avoided since the XF5F needs a substantially longer time to effectively engage and eliminate a target.

;Specific enemies worth noting

In Realistic and Simulator Battles, the stiff opposition, in the form of F4U-1, Bf 109 F, La-5, Yaks, Hurricanes and Ki-61, will give you a serious run for your money. Always make sure you hold the energy advantage at all times and are picking your fights with care.

;Counter-tactics

Countering an XF5F could include out-diving or -stalling with horizontal manoeuvres followed up by a steep ascend, exploiting its weak energy retention and sluggishness at low speeds. Another tactic is to force the XF5F into a head-on attack. Since it's not very well armed, there is a good chance that you will be able to deal damage without receiving much yourself.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Telescopic sight for RB/SB
* Adequate manoeuvrability overall
* Superb turn time
* Nose-mounted armament
* Can fly on a single-engine, albeit not for long
* Does have an arrestor hook, allowing for it to land on a carrier to repair/rearm

'''Cons:'''

* Weak armament
* Control surfaces compress hard after exceeding around 600 km/h
* Horrible energy retention
* Large profile,making it an easy target
* Large, fragile engines
* Prolonged usage of engines at 100% throttle causes it to overheat
* Poor climb rate
* Terrible high altitude performance
* No WEP in RB/SB
* Arrestor Hook is short/non-extendable, making carrier landings tricky

== History ==

The Grumman XF5F Skyrocket was a prototype twin engine, carrier-borne, interceptor aircraft; developed for the United States Navy. In January 1938, the U.S. Navy issued a specification calling for a lightweight carrier-based fighter / interceptor to replace the obsolete biplanes which were in use at the time. Five companies issued proposals, of which Grumman, Vought and Bell received contracts to produce a prototype. Grumman produced the XF5F Skyrocket, to complete with Vought's XF4U-1 Corsair (the prototype of the legendary [[F4U (Family)|F4U Corsair]]), and Bell's XFL Airabonita (a naval version of the [[P-39 (Family)|P-39 Airacobra]].

The requirement put an emphasis on the aircraft achieving the highest speed possible, and so for this reason the Grumman engineers chose to design a dual engine fighter. Grumman planned to fit the aircraft with two 23mm Madsen cannons, along with two Browning .30 machine guns; although this would eventually be revised with Browning .50 machine guns replacing the cannons. The main landing gear of the Skyrocket was built into the engine nacelles, and the wings were made to fold upwards just outboard of the engines in order to take up less room on aircraft carriers.

The Skyrocket was the first of the three prototypes to fly, taking to the air for the first time on 1st April 1940 and becoming the worlds first twin engined carrier-borne fighter. It was followed shortly after by the Airabonita on 13th May and the Corsair on 29th May. The XF5F proved to have good overall flight characteristics in it's first flight; however a number of problems were soon found with the aircraft. The oil cooling system was found to be inadequate, and the landing gear doors did not function properly. Following early test flights many modifications were made to the aircraft, including improvements to the cooling system, reducing the size of the cockpit canopy, redesigning aspects of the engine nacelles, and adding spinners to the propellers.

Bell's XFL Airabonita had been plagued with technical and design issues relating to the engine, aircraft balance, and landing gear; leading to it being rejected by the Navy. This left just the XF5F and XF4U in the competition. The XF5F had shown a high top speed of 616 km/h in early tests, and had proven itself to have an excellent climb rate of 4,000 ft/min, compared to the XF4U's 2,660 ft/min. However the single engine XF4U soon proved to be a better overall aircraft, achieving speeds of 650 km/h in later test flights, beating the duel engined XF5F.

On the 30th June 1941 the Navy gave Vought a contract to start producing the Corsair, and it soon became apparent that no such order would be placed for the Skyrocket. The XF5F continued flying as a test bed aircraft, but continued to be plagued by landing gear issues, eventually suffering two gear failures, the second of which lead to the aircraft being written off in December 1944.

Following the rejection of the XF5F Grumman worked on developing a dual engine land based fighter, the [[XP-50]]. The XP-50 was visually similar to the XF5F; however it had a longer noes, extending forwards of the wing, and a tricycle undercarriage. It also had more powerful engines than the XF5F, giving it significantly better flight performance. During testing of the single XP-50 prototype the turbo-supercharger on one of the aircraft's engines exploded, destroying the landing gear and forcing the pilot to abandon the aircraft. Using their experience from the XF5F and XP-50 Grumman finally developed the [[F7F-1|F7F Tigercat]], which was accepted into service, becoming the first duel engined fighter to be deployed by the US Navy.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=usa&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=fighter&vehicle=xf5f Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|OcYq1It4TAI|War Thunder Premium Review: XF5F Skyrocket [Ugly Duckling]}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[XP-50]]
* [[F7F-1]]
* [[F7F-3]]

;Similar airframe

* [[Ro.57 Quadriarma]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/97454-grumman-xf5f/ War Thunder Aircraft Data Sheet: Grumman XF5F]
* [http://www.aviation-history.com/grumman/xf5f.html Aviation History Online Museum - Grumman XF5F-1 Skyrocket]
* [http://www.alternatewars.com/SAC/XF5F-1_and_XFL-1_PD_-_26_December_1942.pdf Performance Data of XF5F-1 and XFL-1 (26 Dec 1942)]
* [http://www.alternatewars.com/SAC/SD-260_-_Detail_Specification_for_XF5F-1_(Excerpts)_-_5_May_1938.htm SD-260 Detail Specification for Model XF5F-1 Airplane, May 5, 1938]

{{AirManufacturer Grumman}}
{{USA twin-engine fighters}}
{{USA premium aircraft}}
{{Winter Event}}

XP-50

2021-05-14T20:53:28Z

U98661543: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=xp-50
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_xp-50.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} American twin-engine fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.31]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The XP-50 has great climb rate and acceleration, although it does tend to lock up at high speeds. It can easily maintain a 20-25 degree climb. Your engines will also commonly overheat, but they cool off relatively quickly. Low-speed manoeuvrability is excellent, especially when you have your flaps deployed.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,700 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 662 || 646 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 19.8 || 20.4 || 17.2 || 17.1 || rowspan="2" | 444
|-
! Upgraded
| 698 || 680 || 18.2 || 19.0 || 23.0 || 20.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 465 || 436 || 290 || ~11 || ~7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 350 || < 400 || < 400 || > 300
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,520 m || 2,200 hp || 2,398 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 9.5 mm steel - bulkhead in front of the cockpit
* 9.5 mm steel - behind the pilot
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 below the pilot, 1 fuel tank behind pilot)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|AN/M2 (20 mm)|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm AN/M2 cannons, nose-mounted (60 rpg = 120 total)
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==

Its excellent climb rate and acceleration make this plane great for energy fighting. It won't be hard to get altitude advantage upon the majority of your opponents, which this plane can out-climb.

Use your climb rate to be the highest plane of the battle, unfortunately, this aircraft does not have WEP, as so, it is best to climb at a 20-25 degree angle to get to altitude. Your priority targets are the highest enemies where you can pick and choose and work your way down to lower aircraft as needed.

If you notice you were out-climbed, don't hesitate to roll away and climb more as a dive is a risky trade with this plane. If an enemy climbs to catch you, make a 90° climb at full power and when they start to stall, try to boom & zoom them. Use your acceleration and/or climb rate if someone gets on your six to lose them. If you do lose energy, do not worry. You turn extremely well at low speeds with your flaps out and will out turn most things you fight.

Make sure to have a disciplined and accurate fire, since you will quickly chew through the ammunition. While you may only have 120 rounds total of the cannon rounds, it doesn't take a lot of hits to knock out enemy aircraft. Your guns are extremely accurate and they are nose mounted. Gun convergence can safely be set to 800 meters, however, accuracy is best when close in, around 200 - 300 meters. It is recommended to take ''Air Targets'' ammo for the cannons and Universal ammo for the machine guns to maximize the damage output for air to air engagements.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 1 gear || Auto controlled
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent climb rate
* Great acceleration
* Good manoeuvrability
* Powerful weaponry, thanks to the two AN/M2 cannons
* Good cockpit visibility
* The engine quickly cools down if you idle the power
* Good dive speed

'''Cons:'''

* Only 120 cannon shells and, once gone, only two .50 MGs
* No WEP available in RB/SB
* Manoeuvrability not as responsive during long steep dives (control surface compression)
* Fragile airframe
* Poor fire extinguishing capabilities

== History ==


=== In-game description ===
Grumman XP-50 twin-engine army fighter prototype

Practically at the same time the XF5F-1 Skyrocket carrier-based fighter was being created, Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation designers worked on the development of a promising interceptor, based on the XF5F-1, for the United States Army Air Corps. The prototype was given a company designation of Model G-46 and an army designation of ХР-50.

The USAAC issued an order for production of the new aircraft on November 25, 1939. Although the ХР-50 was similar to the XF5F-1 externally, a number of significant changes were introduced into the original layout. Unlike its carrier-based predecessor, the ХР-50 was not a low-wing but a mid-wing monoplane, the fuselage was significantly lengthened, the shape of the pilot's cockpit canopy was changed, and the tailplane span was reduced.

The plane was powered by two Wright XR-1820-67/79 Cyclone nine-cylinder, air-cooled engines, with a left- and right-handed reduction gear, producing a takeoff power of 1,200 hp. Due to the new engines installed, the shape of the nacelles and engine cowlings was changed.

The aircraft's armament included two 20 mm Hispano-Suiza AN-M2 cannons, with 60 rounds each, and two 12.7 mm Colt-Browning AN-M2.5 machine guns, with 500 rounds each, mounted in the forward fuselage. In addition, the aircraft could carry two 100 lb (45 kg) bombs under its wing panels.

Instead of the XF5F-1's tail wheel, the ХР-50 had a nose landing gear. The plane's fuel tanks were self-sealing, and the pilot was protected just as he was in the Navy version, i. e. with the help of an armored front bulkhead, an armored backrest, and an armored floor.

The XP-50 (Ser No. 40-3057) prototype got off the ground for the first time on 18 February 1941, with Robert Hall, a Grumman test pilot, at the controls. The test flights showed that the ХР-50 had a better controllability than the XF5F-1. In addition, the turbosupercharged engines ensured the ХР-50's much better characteristics at medium and high altitudes.

On 14 May 1941, during the 15th test flight of the ХР-50 prototype, the turbosupercharger of one of the engines was destroyed, the cause undetermined, and the turbine blades flying in all directions severed the line running to the hydraulic nose landing gear extension system.

Pilot Robert Hall successfully bailed out of the damaged vehicle. After the first prototype was lost, all work on the ХР-50 was discontinued.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.ru/index.php?/topic/120438-pasport-xp-50/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance (Russian Forum)]

{{AirManufacturer Grumman}}
{{USA twin-engine fighters}}
{{USA premium aircraft}}

VFW

2021-05-13T18:05:27Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_vsw_flak_41
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=VFW (Germany)
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} German tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.87 "Locked On"]] as a reward in the [[wt:en/news/6145-special-battlefield-engineer-en|"Battlefield Engineer"]] event.

Also known as the [[wikipedia:Grille_10|Grille 10]], the 8.8 cm Flak 37 auf Sonderfahrgestell (German: 8.8 cm Flak 37 on special chassis), or the abbreviated technical name Sfl.IVc ('''S'''elbst'''f'''ahr'''l'''afette: self-propelled gun mount IVc), was originally developed as a mobile gun platform using 8.8 cm Flak guns.

Designed by the Krupp corporation originally as an anti-tank vehicle in 1941, it was realized that by using 8.8 cm Flak cannons, it could achieve not only an anti-tank role but also an anti-aircraft one as well. Because of this, this vehicle was given the 8.8 cm Flak 41 as its main and only armament.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The {{Specs|pseudonym}} has decently high survivability in battle, utilizing its thin armour to great effect. After all,''"no armour is the best armour".'' The vehicle is effective both with side skirts up and down and out of the way. The Versuchsflakwagen does have hull-break, so you have to worry about high caliber HE shells triggering instant destruction of the vehicle.

When the side skirts are in the up position, they will cover the sides of the exposed crew and gun, offering two layers of 5 mm armour, adding up to a total of 10 mm of armour which can protect you from oncoming machine gun fire. They may also prevent damage by shrapnel from artillery barrages that land near, though not directly on your vehicle. However, they will not hold up to a round fired from the main gun of a tank. Fortunately, due to the thin armour, enemy shells may simply pass through without detonating, only doing minor damage depending on where they hit. Its armour is not enough to protect it from high caliber machine guns and autocannons.

With the skirts down, the tank destroyer can easily be disabled due to the exposure of the four crew members to the elements, or the gun being taken out of commission. On the other hand, if the tank, gun, or both are still in action, the front panels of the Flak 41 can be used to block machine gun fire, effectively protecting any crew still remaining to operate the gun. Folding the side skirts down also allows the turret to rotate 360 degrees horizontally.

In both configurations, the crew is very spaced out, and separated by armour into three groups, greatly enhancing its suitability. It is near impossible for an enemy tank to take out all its crew members in a single shot. The loader, gunner, and commander can be killed by a shot to the left of the turret, but both crew members in the driving compartment and the second loader will likely survive so you can escape. The only real danger of the VFW being destroyed in one hit would either be from an ammo rack detonation, which is unlikely as all the ammunition is safely stored in the hull, or from a bomb or artillery landing too close. Beware that its survivability depends solely on crew count and placement rather than armour. In other words, you can easily take one or two hits, but ultimately there is a limited number of shots you can tank before you are sent back to the hangar.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=511|rbMinHp=318}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Flak 41 (88 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Flak 41 (88 mm)|88 mm Flak 41]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)*
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 48 || rowspan="2" | -3°/+90° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 8.8 || 12.2 || 14.8 || 16.4 || 17.4 || rowspan="2" | 5.20 || rowspan="2" | 4.60 || rowspan="2" | 4.24 || rowspan="2" | 4.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 6.0 || 7.0 || 8.5 || 9.4 || 10.0
|-
|}
Notes:

* The reloading rate on the following table corresponds to when the {{PAGENAME}}'s "''Side skirts up''" modification is '''uninstalled'''. When it is installed, the reload goes up by 2.1 seconds.

The {{PAGENAME}} is armed with the 88 mm Flak 41 cannon allowing it to disable or destroy a majority of its intended targets at its battle rating. The reload speed of the gun is around 5 seconds which allows for quick and consistent fire upon targets.

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| PzGr 39/43 || APCBC || 230 || 228 || 216 || 201 || 188 || 176
|-
| Sprgr. Flak 41 || HE-TF* || 14 || 14 || 14 || 14 || 14 || 14
|-
| PzGr 40/43 || APCR || 277 || 272 || 250 || 226 || 204 || 184
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| PzGr 39/43 || APCBC || 980 || 10.16 || 1.2 || 14 || 108.8 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| Sprgr. Flak 41 || HE-TF* || 1,000 || 9.4 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,000 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| PzGr 40/43 || APCR || 1,125 || 7.3 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''48''' || 37 ''(+11)'' || 25 ''(+23)'' || 13 ''(+35)'' || 1 ''(+47)'' || No
|-
|}
Notes:

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear from the rack after having been shot or loaded.


== Usage in battles ==


Because of its great cannon and non existent armour, the VFW is best used as a glass cannon for long range engagements. Find a spot on a hill or slope and wait for targets. If use in urban area is unavoidable, choose the "side skirts down" mode. This makes the cannon more flexible and gives you a quicker reload time. Make sure to stay in cover, since with your side skirts down, you will be an easy target for planes and artillery.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* A very fast reload on a ''very'' powerful gun
* Surprising durability, very difficult to one-shot
* Large crew allows for fast reloading
* Reasonable transverse allows for quick escape when in a tight spot
* Side-skirts can be raised for added protection from machine guns
* Side-skirts can be lowered for a greater range of turret movement

'''Cons:'''

* Virtually nonexistent gun depression
* Very thin armour, exposed crew and wide vehicle profile (large target)
* Extremely vulnerable to virtually any form of enemy aircraft or artillery fire
* If side-skirts are raised, turret movement is restricted; an immobilized VFW can only fire at vehicles directly in front of it
* Side-skirts can only be raised or lowered before the start of the game

== History ==

The VFW was the first of several projects of the Krupp company to mount a heavy anti-air gun on a mobile armored chassis. This initially developed version, which mounts the 8.8cm FlaK 41 cannon onto a heavily modified Panzer IV chassis, was created in 1944.

Initial tests of the vehicle were performed throughout 1944. However, apart from tests producing mixed results, it was lacking interest that eventually led to the project's ultimate cancellation later that year. As a result, the VFW never left prototype stage and only a single experimental vehicle was ever produced.

''- From [[wt:en/news/6144-development-vfw-german-ballista-en|Devblog]]''

* Due to its box-like shape, the player base gave this vehicle the nickname "''Flaktoaster''" or just "''Toaster''"

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=germany&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=tank_destroyer&vehicle=germ_vsw_flak_41 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:VFW Open.jpg|Image of the '''{{PAGENAME}}''' with its side-skirts open.
File:VFW1.jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|yWWFv8qY5rQ|'''Battlefield Engineer: all new vehicles''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 2:25 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|4sH3MSpjFt4|'''{{PAGENAME}} - Tank Review - 4.0 sec reload + 'long 88' at BR 5.7''' - ''Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6144-development-vfw-german-ballista-en|[Devblog] VFW: German Ballista]]
* [[Wikipedia:Grille_10|[Wikipedia] Grille 10, AKA {{PAGENAME}}]]

{{Germany tank destroyers}}
{{Germany premium ground vehicles}}

C. 200 serie 3

2021-05-13T16:04:04Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = Italian fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = the German version
| link-1 = C.200 serie 3 (Germany)
| usage-2 = other versions
| link-2 = C.200 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=mc200_serie3_italy
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.69 "Regia Aeronautica"]] along with the initial Italian aviation tree, but a variant existed in the [[C.200 serie 3 (Germany)|German tech tree]] prior to the update.

The Macchi 200 is a standard fighter of the Italian tree. It is moderately armed for its rank, consisting of two 12.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine guns firing through the propeller arcs.

The M.C 200 is a fairly typical pre-war Italian design, moderate speed combined with good rates of turning, and high speed tolerance, while maintaining good control at all speeds. Furthermore, the MC 200 is a capable climber, easily matching a lot of planes that it will regularly meet in its BR range. Further, it's fairly tough, capable of taking hits and returning to the airfield for repairs. However it does have its issues as well, most notably the poor engine power which results in poor acceleration and, much like all Italian designs, it suffers from poor armament as well, although given the lower BR then the [[C.202|Folgore]], this is less of an issue.
Furthermore, as of 1.55, its payload is not modelled, so it doesn't carry bombs, meaning it's a poor ground attacker, being only able to harm soft Ground targets.

For the guns, the same applies to all other Italian aircraft, generally you want to use Tracers, Anti-air or Stealth since they are the belts that deal the most damage. They suffer above 300 meters, so fire only at or below that range for the best effects. Furthermore, much like the other Italian fighters the armament is woefully inadequate to deal with bombers, hence it is best to avoid them entirely, or focus on taking out the engines. The only exceptions are the very early biplane bombers, such as [[Swordfish Mk I|Swordfish]], [[Po-2]] and the like.
[[File:FighterImage_MC200s7vsP36C.jpg|thumbnail|right|[[C.200 serie 7|M.C.200]] vs [[P-36C|P-36C ''Hawk'']] over industrial zone in Ruhr.]]

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 483 || 466 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 16.2 || 17.6 || 15.0 || 15.0 || rowspan="2" | 280
|-
! Upgraded
| 533 || 504 || 15.2 || 16.0 || 22.0 || 18.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 535 || 450 || 260 || ~16 || ~7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 400 || < 270 || < 550 || > 300
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 3,800 m || 815 hp || 956 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* No armour
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 behind engine, 1 under the pilot)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Breda-SAFAT (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 12.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine guns, nose-mounted (370 rpg = 740 total)

== Usage in battles ==

It's recommended to climb as much as you can before engaging, a good 4,000 meters is important, as it can be used to get some extra speed when you need it.

In combat, the C.200 can engage in a wide array of moves. The decent energy retention and high speeds it can attain, about 800 km/h, before it begins to red-line, means it can be used for Boom & Zoom, or to get away. Furthermore it's a good turn-fighter, it out-turns a lot of planes it faces, notable exceptions being biplanes and Japanese aircraft. However, take care as the engine isn't the most powerful, and accelerating is problematic, so it's important to watch your speed carefully in combat. This becomes especially important since the engine is also quite prone to overheating when WEP is engaged, and it cools down slowly.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good rate of turn
* Good rate of climb
* Decent energy retention
* It's sturdy
* It has very good cockpit view, lack of canopy means superb view to the sides and above, while the slim head rest ensures a good view to the rear as well
* Good control at most speeds
* Can dive well, and the wings are almost indestructable (don't rip until a whopping 845 km/h)

'''Cons:'''

* Acceleration leaves something to be desired
* The guns aren't exceptional, low rate of fire and ineffective above 300 meters.
* Engine is prone to overheating
* Its speed in level flight is nothing exceptional.

== History ==

The M.C.200 is a pre-war Italian monoplane manufactured by the Macchi aircraft company, its name is derived from its chief designer, Mario Castoldi, designer of the famous M.39 and M.C.72 racing planes.

The M.C.200 was a design put forward for the Regia Aeronautica's Series 0 tender set in 1934, a specification for a modern mono-wing interceptor. Of the Italian aeronautical industry, three firms submitted a prototype, the G.50 by Fiat, the Re 2000 by Reggiane and the M.C 200 by Macchi. Of the three designs, the M.C 200 won the tender, being the fastest and most advanced aircraft, although it did have issues that needed fixing before it could enter service, most notable its issues with auto-rotation and sudden, violent stalls. For this reason, the [[G.50 serie 2|Fiat G.50]], while inferior to the M.C 200, was chosen for production as well, as it would be able to enter service on short notice, the G.50 went on and served in the Spanish civil war, and for a time, alongside the M.C.200, which started production a few months after its former competitor, in the summer of 1939. At the start of the war, 144 were in service.

The best fighter Italy had at the start of the war, it remained the top-of-the-line front-line Italian fighter until the arrival of the M.C. 202 in 1941. Used on all Italian fronts, it was agile and sturdy but slow and poorly armed. A total of 1,151 were built before July, 1942. It performed well in the Greek campaign against RAF Hurricanes, and also fought in Africa and Russia. The arrival of the M.C. 202 pushed the M.C. 200 to attack, escort and homeland interceptor roles. 52 were still in service when Italy surrendered.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Macchi}}
{{Italy fighters}}

Pe-3 (e)

2021-05-11T21:36:06Z

U98661543: Flight performance, Usage In Battles, and Pros and Cons

{{About
| about = Soviet strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other variants
| link = Pe-3 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=pe-3_early
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}
As with all Pe-2s and Pe-3s, the roll rate is great, but turn time leaves much to be desired. It is quite fast, and can outrun most fighters if downtiered.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,100 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 517 || 502 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 27.4 || 28.7 || 7.5 || 7.4 || rowspan="2" | 326
|-
! Upgraded
| 555 || 535 || 24.6 || 26.0 || 13.0 || 10.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 500 || 470 || 320 || ~10 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 380 || < 380 || < 440 || > 307
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 4 mm steel behind the pilot's butt
* 6 mm steel beside and below gunner
* 12 mm steel in front of gunner*
* 13 mm steel below and behind pilot
* 45 mm bulletproof glass in front of pilot
* Self-sealing fuel tanks, with neutral gas pressurization system (3 in central fuselage, 4 in each wing)

<nowiki>*</nowiki>Note, the gunner is rear-facing

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Berezin UB (12.7 mm)|ShKAS (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 12.7 mm Berezin UB machine guns, nose-mounted (150 rpg = 300 total)
* 1 x 7.62 mm ShKAS machine gun, nose-mounted (450 rpg)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|FAB-100 (100 kg)|FAB-250M43 (250 kg)|RS-132|RBS-132}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 100 kg FAB-100 bombs (200 kg total)
* 4 x 100 kg FAB-100 bombs (400 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg FAB-250M43 bombs + 2 x 100 kg FAB-100 bombs (700 kg total)
* 6 x RS-132 rockets
* 6 x RBS-132 rockets

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|ShKAS (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 7.62 mm ShKAS machine gun, dorsal turret (750 rpg)
* 1 x 7.62 mm ShKAS machine gun, tail turret (250 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==
The Pe-3 (e) can be used for a variety of roles, depending on what you are comfortable with. In Air RB, the aircraft can be used as a high-speed base bomber, or bomber interceptor. For base bombing, you can choose the heaviest payload (2 x 250 kgs and 2 x 100 kgs), and, once spawned in, go into a shallow dive towards the base you are going for. Once over the base, drop your payload and break away. Remember to set your bomb fuse to at least 2 seconds, or else you will blow yourself to bits. However, the Pe-3 (e) can also be used as a bomber interceptor, although this may be harder. While the Berezins and the ShKAS both have a high rate of fire, there is limited ammo, and you might not be able to down the bomber before your ammo runs out. Instead, rockets could be a much better choice. You can load 6 x RS-132 rockets, or 6 x RBS-132s. For bomber-hunting, the RS-132 will be better-suited, as it has more explosive filler (4.9 kg vs 1.5 kg). While it is harder to hit moving targets in the air with rockets, with practice, you will be able to down any bomber in your sights.

The Pe-3 (e) can also be used as an attack aircraft in Ground battles. The RBS-132 rocket can penetrate 85 mm of armour, which is enough to penetrate all tanks at this BR form the sides or back. Or, you can load bombs, and dive onto your targets.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High speed
* Great roll rate
* Quite maneuverable
* Can carry bombs and rockets ( including powerful anti-tank RBS-132 rockets that can penetrate ''85 mm'' of armour!)
* Very low repair cost for its rank and BR
* Defensive ShKAS has a high rate of fire, and the Universal belt contains only incendiary tracers; can set any enemy on fire with careful aim

'''Cons:'''

* Low ammo count
* Classified as a twin-engine fighter; payload re-arm is slow in arcade battle maps
* One 7.62 mm MG is rather ineffective against better-armoured fighters
* Turn time can't compete with anything
* Fuel tanks are scattered all over the wings and fuselage, allowing them to be easily hit by any attacking fighter

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

=== In-game description ===
Petlyakov Pe-3 Heavy Twin-Engine Fighter.

When the Great Patriotic War began in the summer of 1941, the Air Force of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army urgently needed a patrol/interceptor aircraft to fight the enemy's bombers and scouts. But with a war in progress, troops could only quickly receive a twin-engined fighter if it were based on some plane currently in production. The older Pe-2's fighter design fit this need perfectly.

In August 1941, the Petlyakov Design Bureau was instructed to design a fighter version of the Pe-2. The first prototype Pe-3 fighter, redesigned from the production Pe-2 bomber, series 16, flew for the first time on August 7, 1941. Only seven days passed between the order for the aircraft and its delivery for trials!

Structurally, the Pe-3 fighter differed from the Pe-2 in the layout of its forward and middle fuselage and its armament. Additional fuel tanks were put in the plane's fuselage, with one located in the bomb bay and two others replacing the gunner's cockpit. The plane was modified to be a two-seater.

The fighter had increased offensive armament. The nose weapon mount of the prototype Pe-3 model consisted of two 12.7mm Berezin BK machine guns with 150 rounds each and one 7.62mm ShKAS machine gun with 450 rounds. The TSS-1 upper mount in the navigator's cockpit consisting of a 7.62mm ShKAS machine gun with 750 rounds was kept unchanged from the Pe-2. Since there was no one to provide fire from the lower rear of the aircraft, a fixed tail mount with a 7.62mm ShKAS machine gun with 250 rounds, which had been tested before on the VI-100 high-altitude fighter, was installed.

The plane's bombing armament was drastically simplified. Only four bomb racks remained from the Pe-2: two in the engine nacelle bomb bays and two (external) under the fuselage. The total bomb capacity was reduced to 400 kg for standard load and 700 kg (two 250-kg bombs and two 100-kg bombs) when overloaded. The brake covers under the wings were removed together with the gears, and, as a result, the ability to perform dive bombing was gone.

Production Pe-3s had the ShKAS nose machine gun removed, but the magazine capacity of the BK machine guns was increased up to 250 rounds each.

During armament testing of the nose mount, it was found that the Plexiglas fuselage nose section could not withstand the muzzle gas pressure, resulting in its destruction. Plexiglas was first replaced with duralumin and then with steel. The aircraft glazing was reduced when large observation blisters and the upper glass hatch of the gunner's cockpit were removed.

The heavy fighters were delivered from the factory to the front lines with equipment corresponding to the main production Pe-3 aircraft. The total number of Pe-3s built in 1941 was 196; 11 more planes were assembled from available stocks of parts in April 1942.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=ussr&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=fighter&vehicle=pe-3_early Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|fMoZQTMk8vs|'''(Arcade): {{PAGENAME}} - Fits the Bill''' - ''tx141TX''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Petlyakov}}
{{USSR strike aircraft}}

I-180S

2021-05-04T18:45:04Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=i_180
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=I-180S (USSR)
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.87 "Locked On"]] as a reward for the 2019 [[wt:en/news/6145-special-battlefield-engineer-en|"Battlefield Engineer"]] event.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The I-180S is a quite a manoeuvrable aircraft. At its BR, it's more manoeuvrable than some fighters in this tier. However, you should be careful when in battle, as despite its good performance, it is badly armoured and a few well-placed shots will take out your pilot.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 565 || 547 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 19.5 || 20.6 || 12.6 || 12.6 || rowspan="2" | 350
|-
! Upgraded
| 607 || 585 || 18.5 || 19.0 || 21.5 || 16.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 320 || 250 || ~12 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 300 || < 240 || < 300 || > 190
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 4,000 m || 1,100 hp || 1,274 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 6,000 m || 1,000 hp || 1,158 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8 mm Steel - Pilot's seat
* Large, single fuel tank in front of pilot
* Uncovered cockpit (no cockpit roof)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Berezin UB (12.7 mm)|ShKAS (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 12.7 mm Berezin UB machine guns, nose-mounted (220 rpg = 440 total)
* 2 x 7.62 mm ShKAS machine guns, nose-mounted (650 rpg = 1,300 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|FAB-50 (50 kg)|FAB-100 (100 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x 50 kg FAB-50 bombs (200 kg total)
* 2 x 100 kg FAB-100 bombs (200 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==


Climb to about 4,000m - 5,000 m of altitude at the beginning of the battle, use Boom & Zoom tactic to get rid of some enemies low first. If there are any enemies above or as high as you, try to drag them into a dogfight. Remember to always avoid head-on attacks when against some heavy armed planes such as the F4U Corsair variants, P-40s and Fw 190s.

There are also some enemies you really have to pay attention to, specifically the British Spitfires and Japanese A6M Zero. Both of these fighter types have a very good turn rate, which means dogfighting even against a mediocre pilot will most likely result with them on your tail. Remember when fighting against them the Spits and Zeros, try to gain an altitude advantage or do a head-on with a quick snap-turn and out-run them.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

;Manual activation

* For those who manually activate the gearing, switch to second gear around 3,500 meters and drop the drop climb angle to 10-12 degrees which will make most effective use of the aircraft's engine and supercharger.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great all-round fighter, a bit of turn fighter, a bit of Boom & Zoomer
* Excellent climb rate due to supercharger
* Tight aircraft with great manoeuvrability
* Great roll rate
* Great armament packed tightly in the nose of the aircraft, making it easy to aim
* Can carry bombs for ground attack

'''Cons:'''

* Engine tends to overheat, must be careful with WEP
* Poor rudder control, difficult to perform wing-overs or hammerhead manoeuvres
* Woefully underarmoured for its tier
* Exposed cockpit; pilot can be hit more easily

== History ==


Development of the I-180 began in 1938, with the Polikarpov design bureau starting work on creating a new aircraft to meet the requirements of the Soviet Air Force at the time. In order to do so, engineers decided to base the new machine on a modified I-16 design and to install a more powerful radial engine. As a result, the I-180 was created. However, development and testing of prototypes was plagued with numerous issues, including many accidents. This, coupled with the arrival of new Soviet fighter designs quickly cast a shadow on the I-180 project which ultimately led to the project being cancelled by the end of 1940. Prior to the cancellation, a production version of the machine - the I-180S was built but only in very limited numbers. In total, around 13 I-180s were built, including prototypes, but none saw any active service.

''- From [[wt:en/news/6136-development-i-180s-sky-acrobat-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=ussr&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=fighter&vehicle=i_180 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<div><ul>
<li style="display: inline-block;">[[File:I-180S WTWallpaper 001.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]]</li>
<li style="display: inline-block;">[[File:I-180S WTWallpaper 002.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]]</li>
<li style="display: inline-block;">[[File:I-180S WTWallpaper 003.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]]</li>
<li style="display: inline-block;">[[File:I-180S WTWallpaper 004.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]]</li>
<li style="display: inline-block;">[[File:I-180S WTWallpaper 005.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]]</li>
<li style="display: inline-block;">[[File:I-180S WTWallpaper 006.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]]</li>
<li style="display: inline-block;">[[File:I180s.png|thumb|none|250px|The I-180S at the hangar. The standard livery is mainly red, with some items in shiny silver.]]</li>
<li style="display: inline-block;">[[File:I180s-summer.png|thumb|none|250px|The I-180S at the hangar. Summer livery, with red stars on the classic Soviet green and blue camouflage.]]</li>
</ul></div>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|yWWFv8qY5rQ|'''Battlefield Engineer: all new vehicles''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 0:37 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|M8mN2rWvHbw|'''Is THIS the MOST FUN Plane? {{PAGENAME}} Review''' - ''Jengar''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6136-development-i-180s-sky-acrobat-en|[Devblog] I-180S: Sky Acrobat]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/453805-i-180/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Polikarpov}}
{{USSR fighters}}
{{USSR premium aircraft}}

CCKW 353 AA

2021-05-04T18:37:17Z

U98661543: /* Description */

{{Specs-Card
|code=fr_cckw_353_bofors
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} French self-propelled anti-aircraft gun {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.75 "La Résistance"]]. Its main armament is a very potent [[Bofors (40 mm)|Bofors]] cannon which can shred both tanks and planes if you manage to hit them properly. While armour is pretty nonexistent, it has good mobility, even for a truck-based SPAA.

The CCKW 353 is a truck based SPAA mounting a single Bofors 40 mm in the back of the truck. The truck itself is an American-made GMC CCKW 353 2 1/2-ton 6x6 truck commonly known as the ''"Deuce and a half"''.

All over this very long chassis, there is no armour to protect the only 3 crew members from incoming MG fire, artillery shells and HE rounds: if spotted, this ''Deuce and a half'' is very tempting target. Although, this very minimal protection also makes this vehicle quite resistant to long-range fire: poorly aimed rounds will only pass by without doing any spalling damage, leaving the crew intact. Viewed from the side, about half of this vehicle's silhouette is just thin air, use it to your advantage. With such little armour, APHE shells will also not be triggered, in that sense, they act as normal AP rounds, which greatly reduces their lethal potential.

There is basically 3 things that can bring an end to this SPAA very quickly:

* Close range MG/HMG/autocannon fire (planes and tanks)
* Artillery barrage / bomb drop
* Large caliber HE shells

If your opponents have none of them, you are safe from a quick destruction.

''Speed'' and intelligent positioning actually are your principal source of protection. With its max speed of 70 km/h on road and ~25 km/h off-road, this chassis can carry its user to most good spots with ease. In order to reach your objectives in an optimal time, use covered roads to get in the general area and then go off-road to finish the trip.

Important advice:

* Contrary to tracked vehicles, ''a straight line is not the best route.''
* As a wheeled chassis, it is strongly recommended to avoid sharp turns as they bleed off a good amount of speed and can leave you overturned. ''Keep your inertia.''
* It is to be noted that mobility is ''very reduced'' on soft grounds (snow, sand, mud, etc.). Plan your moves when facing these kind of terrains as your speed is capped around ~18 km/h.
* Plan your escape routes: turning on the spot is a no way, when hiding, make sure not to face an obstacle.

At this BR, the 40 mm cannon is very potent against most threats. Its penetration rates are comparable to the [[Ordnance QF 2-pounder (40 mm)|QF 2-pounder]], which veterans of early British tanks will be familiar with. At BR 3.0, the QF 2-pounder is still equipped on the [[Churchill Mk I|Churchill Mk I]] ''but'' the [[Bofors (40 mm)|Bofors]] fires 120 shots/min with comparable penetration rates. Plus, reload rate is very fast, which makes switching ammo belts almost unnoticeable while firing. Most lightweight enemies you manage to flank will be taken out very fast. In order to be most lethal, target driver/engine first, then, the gunner and finish off the rest of the crew (make sure to fire at the gun's breech/turret ring in order to disable it to fire back even if gunner gets back up).

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Structural steel (truck chassis, driver's cabin, engine hood, gun mount)
* Wood (truck bed floor)
* Wheel (tires)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Driver's cabin || 3 + 3 mm || 3 mm || 3 mm || N/A ''Driver's cabin'' 3 mm ''Engine hood''
|-
| Truck bed || 3 + 15 mm || N/A || 3 mm || N/A
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* The gun breech is 150 mm thick.
* The wheels are 10 mm thick.
* The floor of the driver's cabin is 3 mm thick and the floor of the truck bed is 15 mm thick.

This SPAA has pretty much no armour due to the fact this thing is pretty much a very large truck with a 40 mm Bofors gun bolted onto it. Luckily, with an SPAA with such a low profile, it's much easier to hide in foliage with it, especially if you are willing to pay some golden eagles in order to get some camouflage or bushes on it. Additionally, the 40 mm Bofors gun is great for self-defence. And you needn't worry about enemy tank shells coming at you, because if they hit, all shell types will pass straight through unless they hit something vital. Your biggest threat is enemy machine gun fire, but if you angle your tank so that it is ready to withdraw, this tank is pretty fast so you should be able to get out of there while returning fire.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=134|rbMinHp=83}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Bofors (40 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Bofors (40 mm)|40 mm Bofors]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 384 (8) || rowspan="2" | 120 || rowspan="2" | -6°/+87° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 30.8 || 42.7 || 51.8 || 57.2 || 60.9 || rowspan="2" | 0.65 || rowspan="2" | 0.58 || rowspan="2" | 0.53 || rowspan="2" | 0.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 20.8 || 24.5 || 29.8 || 32.9 || 35.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}} - This belt works fine for whichever threat: a hit on an aircraft means certain destruction and it still is able to hurt ground vehicles, especially if targeting the flanks of the enemy vehicle. This seems like a good belt for unexpected encounters.
* '''Mk.II:''' {{Annotation|HEFI-T*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}} - These are absolutely devastating in the AA role.
* '''M81A1:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}} - This is the best belt to attack ground vehicles especially if you target the flanks of the enemy vehicle.

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| Default || 72 || 69 || 58 || 47 || 38 || 30
|-
| Mk.II || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3
|-
| M81A1 || 72 || 69 || 58 || 47 || 38 || 30
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Belt details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| Mk.II || HEFI-T* || 874 || 0.86 || 0 || 0.1 || 63 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| M81A1 || AP-T || 874 || 0.88 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''48''' || 29 ''(+19)'' || 25 ''(+23)'' || 17 ''(+31)'' || 9 ''(+39)'' || 1 ''(+47)'' || No
|-
|}

* Every 4 rounds in the x-ray view represents a single clip
* Rack 1 is visually made up of 4 separate racks that deplete simultaneously

== Usage in battles ==

This specific truck plays similar to Russian and German truck-based SPAAs, where high caliber and slow fire rate are their mark of distinction. One can definitely use the CCKW as a front line AA, defending its teammates against enemy planes while remaining very potent at destroying tank. With its high reload speed, firing rate, and gun traverse, it can switch ''very quickly'' from one role to another. While not being the best SPAA nor the best TD, it surely is a very balanced deal between the two.

First thing that should be noted is that unless you are solely using it at 3.0, the Deuce should never be taken out as a first spawn vehicle. Should the time arise that you are forced to take it or the enemy are using a large number of aircraft, this SPAA can be used for deleting aircraft and tanks alike. As with all SPAA, your first goal is to get the aircraft to either stall over the battlefield, or head you on. At that point it's up to you to liberate your allies from enemy aircraft.

'''Frontline TD:'''

If as a player you feel like removing more land based targets the CCKW can be used in a pinch as a tank destroyer. Thanks to it's good road based mobility and excellent pen of 76 mm at point blank (not to mention it's high fire rate and reload speed) this truck based tank destroyer can make an excellent ambush vehicle in both cities and more rural maps like Normandy, firing from semi-covered flanking positions.

When near the front line, hide yourself behind an hill, a rock, a building, anything to hide completely this very long chassis. Staying behind cover, peek out to your surroundings ''and'' to the sky. If an enemy happens to pass by, spread it with 40 mm shells until it is destroyed.

'''SPAA:'''

If you happen to hear a plane, engage an HE belt in the gun a point it to the skies. Make sure to aim every shot you make since your firing rate makes engaging planes a bit hard. Just firing in the general direction of the enemy will not score hits: aim.

Plus, this truck is a very juicy targets to any planes: they will try a dive on you. These manoeuvres are great opportunities to score a direct hit to any strafing opponent. The faster you react to such moves, the higher your survival chances are.

Bombers are quite fragile to such large shells. These are your priority targets, leave faster-moving planes to faster-firing allies (Wirbelwinds & Co.).

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* The 40 mm Bofors has a good anti-tank capability.
* Good rate of fire for taking out tanks.
* Fast reloads keeps fire rate steady.
* Fast reloads allow to switch between ammo type very quickly.
* Good gun traverse and elevation speeds.
* Excellent elevation angles.
* Thin armour will not detonate APHE shells.
* Dedicated belts for both planes (HE belt) and tanks (AP belt).

'''Cons:'''

* Quite a slow vehicle off-road.
* Absolutely no armour.
* Entirety of the crew is exposed.
* Only 3 crew members.
* ~60° in front of the truck is a blind spot for the gun.
* Slow firing rate for taking out planes.
* Very vulnerable to large HE shells, MG/HMG/autocannon fire and artillery barrages.
* Long chassis makes turning uneasy.
* Slow acceleration.

== History ==

Nicknamed the "Deuce-and-a-half" by the U.S. army, the American 2.5 ton triple-axle 6x6 made by GMC is a true army workhorse. GMC trucks were vital to supplying and equipping allies after land operations began in Europe, and more than 560 thousand of these trucks were produced during World War II. They proved invaluable to supply lines and the battlefield. The GMC CCKW 353 was a combat model of the famous truck equipped with a 40mm anti-aircraft gun and used by the French in WWII.

Various allied armies other than the US used the reliable GMC trucks. France adopted a variant of the 1941 model with a simplified cabin design and longer chassis—the military all-wheel-drive (6x6) GMC CCKW 353. Equipped with a 40mm Bofors cannon (very familiar to War Thunder naval warfare testers), the GMC vehicle was transformed into a mobile anti-air defense platform that could also be used against ground targets, such as enemy infantry, lightly armored vehicles, and fortifications.

''- From [[wt:en/news/5194-development-gmc-cckw-353-a-deuce-and-a-half-and-a-gun-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=france&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=spaa&vehicle=fr_cckw_353_bofors Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|ZEZbqkfJQIw|'''{{PAGENAME}} Tank Review''' - ''NUSensei''}}

== See also ==


;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[Sd.Kfz. 6/2]]
* [[ZiS-43]]
* [[Lvtdgb m/40]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5194-development-gmc-cckw-353-a-deuce-and-a-half-and-a-gun-en|[Devblog] GMC CCKW 353: A deuce-and-a-half. And a gun.]]

{{France anti-aircraft vehicles}}
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

Nb.Fz.

2021-04-30T18:07:56Z

U98661543: /* Mobility */

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_nbfz_VI
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} German medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.51 "Cold Steel"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, main turret, MG turrets, cupola)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 13 mm ''Turret base plate'' 20 mm (22-24°) ''Machine gunner plate'' 20 mm (20°) ''Driver plate'' 13 mm (76-79°) ''Upper glacis'' 20 mm (45°) ''Upper-Lower glacis connecting plate'' 16 mm (50°) ''Lower glacis'' || 13 mm ''Top'' 13 + 13 mm ''Bottom & Side skirts'' || 13 mm ''Turret base plate'' 13 mm (8°) ''Upper plate'' 13 mm (43°) ''Lower glacis'' || 13 mm (12°) ''Front'' 13 mm ''Engine compartment'' 13 mm (13°) + 13 mm (7°) ''Radiator vent''
|-
| Main turret || 15 mm (14°) ''Turret front'' 15 mm + 15 mm (cylindrical) ''Gun mantlet'' || 13 mm (12-15°) || 13 mm (12-13°) || 13 mm (11°) ''Front'' 13 mm ''Rear''
|-
| MG turrets || 14 mm (8-9°) ''Turret front'' 15 mm (cylindrical) ''Gun mantlet'' || colspan="2" style="text-align:center" | 13 mm (19-21°) || 8 mm
|-
| Cupola || colspan="3" style="text-align:center" | 15 mm (3°) || 13 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 15 mm thick, while torsion bars are 10 mm thick.
* Mudguards are 13 mm thick.

The {{PAGENAME}} has an even higher survivability than Panzer III/IV tanks at similar battle ratings because of its larger crew count and vehicle size. The armour thickness is actually rather thin, despite a very imposing look and a complex internal layout. It has six crew members: a driver, two machine gunners in small independent turrets, a gunner, a loader, and a commander in the main turret where both main guns are located. The front armour thickness ranges from just 13 mm to 20 mm, making it possible to immobilize it with heavy machine gun fire frontally.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=434|rbMinHp=248}}

The top speed of the {{PAGENAME}} is 28.5 km/h, which is slow for low-tier ranks. The power-to-weight ratio, on the other hand, is rather good at 11.9 hp/ton, giving it a very nice acceleration considering how large it is. But, this is relatively slow, so remember to stay in cover, because tank destroyers can destroy this vehicle's armour relatively quickly and easily. Another thing to keep in mind is the Neubaufahrzeug's terrible rotation. Pivoting on the spot is basically impossible, and it slows down a lot in turns. Be careful not to turn too much, or you will slow down and be an easy target.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|KwK37 (75 mm)}}

The Neubaufahrzeug's main armament is the KwK37 cannon, which shoots APHE, penetrating up to 52 mm of armour, 80 mm penetration HEAT, and smoke rounds. Problem is, due to the current limitations of the game, it is impossible to take more than four different kinds of shells, and for multi-gun tanks, each gun can just pick two shells in its repertoire. So the practical combinations would be either APHE+HEAT, APHE+smoke, or HEAT+smoke.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[KwK37 (75 mm)|75 mm KwK37]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 80 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+22° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 7.6 || 10.5 || __._ || __._ || 15.1 || rowspan="2" | 4.29 || rowspan="2" | 3.80 || rowspan="2" | 3.50 || rowspan="2" | 3.30
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 4.8 || 5.6 || __._ || __._ || 8.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| Hl.Gr 38B || HEAT || 80 || 80 || 80 || 80 || 80 || 80
|-
| Sprgr. 34 || HE || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10
|-
| K.Gr.rot Pz. || APCBC || 52 || 50 || 45 || 39 || 34 || 30
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| Hl.Gr 38B || HEAT || 450 || 4.57 || 0 || 0.1 || 872.1 || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
| Sprgr. 34 || HE || 420 || 5.74 || 0 || 0.1 || 686 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| K.Gr.rot Pz. || APCBC || 385 || 6.78 || 1.2 || 14 || 80 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| K.Gr.Rot Nb. || 423 || 6.2 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''80''' || 65 ''(+15)'' || 57 ''(+23)'' || 41 ''(+39)'' || 25 ''(+55)'' || 17 ''(+63)'' || 1 ''(+79)'' || No
|-
|}
Notes:

* Racks disappear after all shells in the rack have been shot or loaded.
* Packing 25 (+55) shells (racks 1 to 4 emptied) is a good compromise between doing well in combat and minimizing ammo presence on board.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|KwK36 (37 mm)}}

The Neubaufahrzeug also has an additional second anti-tank gun in the main turret: a 37 mm KwK36, located to the left of the 75 mm cannon. This shoots either 47 mm penetration APHE or 86 mm penetration APCR rounds. It is the same decent gun as the Pz.III B and Pz.III E, but is best used as a backup to the 75 mm between reloads. It shoots at far higher muzzle velocity, so it is more suited to long-range engagements.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[KwK36 (37 mm)|37 mm KwK36]] || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
| 50 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 3.77 || 3.33 || 3.07 || 2.90
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| PzGr 40 || APCR || 86 || 77 || 47 || 26 || 14 || 8
|-
| PzGr || APHE || 47 || 44 || 31 || 21 || 14 || 9
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| PzGr 40 || APCR || 1,020 || 0.37 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| PzGr || APHE || 745 || 0.69 || 1.2 || 9 || 22.1 || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''50''' || 41 ''(+9)'' || 31 ''(+19)'' || 21 ''(+29)'' || 11 ''(+39)'' || 1 ''(+49)'' || No
|-
|}
Notes:

* Racks disappear after all shells in the rack have been shot or loaded.
* Packing 21 (+29) shells (racks 1 to 3 emptied) is a good compromise between doing well in combat and minimizing ammo presence on board.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|4}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|5}}

{{main|MG13 Dreyse (7.92 mm)}}

The Neubaufahrzeug also holds three small-calibre MG13 Dreyse machine guns, which are similar to the MG34 and use the same belts. At best, they're good for strafing flak trucks, but in practicality, they're almost useless since the two MG turrets have very poor turret traverse.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG13 Dreyse (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm MG13 Dreyse]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1950 (75) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Front turret || 1950 (75) || 500 || -7°/+40° || -40°/+140°
|-
| Rear turret || 1950 (75) || 500 || -7°/+40° || +125°/-55°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

This vehicle may look like a heavy tank, but it is anything but. The armour is far too thin to use this thing for its armour, relegating it to a support/ambush role. By binding separate keys for the 75 mm and 37 mm guns, you can "one-two-punch" just about anything you encounter.

The HEAT on the 75 mm, however, is generally inadequate against the B1 bis and useless against the B1 ter. The Valentine Mk I is a bit easier to penetrate but has a much stronger gun which you should avoid at all costs. The 37mm APCR round doesn't fare that much better against any of these targets either. Concisely, just avoid these where possible.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Can chain the two guns between reloads of each
* Both guns reload in similarly fast speeds
* High survivability due to numerous and well-spaced out crew
* More mobile than one would expect for such a large tank
* Good zoom on the guns

'''Cons:'''

* Armour is deceptively thin for such a large tank
* Top speed is nothing to write home about in this rank
* Would find its options limited when against the [[B1 bis]], [[B1 ter]], and [[Valentine I]]
* Awful turret traverse on all three turrets makes it hard to react well to multiple enemies, let alone flak trucks
* Large target

== History ==


The Neubaufahrzeug was a prototype of what was to come with German heavy tanks. Historically, they were slow, heavy, and complicated. Not thought of as successful, only 5 were actually built. 3 of these tanks were sent to Norway at the start of the war, but only 1 of the 3 saw action. They were mostly used for propaganda.

=== In-game description ===
An experimental multi-turret medium tank. The first models were built in 1934. During construction the tank took on the designation of Neubaufahrzeug V (Nb.Fz.V) for the first two vehicles. The second series of three tanks had the designation Nb.Fz.VI.

In German military documentation the designation Panzerkampfwagen VII is also encountered; it was later replaced by Pz.Kpfw.IVnA (Panzerkampfwagen IV new Art). During the Norwegian campaign the tanks were also referred to in documents as Neubau-Pz.Kpfw.IV.

All three tanks of the second series were used during the Norwegian operation. They were officially part of the special tank battalion Panzer Abteilung zur besonderer Vervendung 40 (Pz.Abt1. Zb.V 40). The tanks were combined into one company under the command of Lt. Hans Horstmann.

The official name of this subdivision in battalion documentation was Zug "Plutos", but it was most commonly referred to by its commander's name as Panzerzug "Horstmann". The company's emblem was a mammoth's head located in front of the driver's cabin.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=germany&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=medium_tank&vehicle=germ_nbfz_VI Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|ZnopLjce42E|'''The Shooting Range #225''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 03:43 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|XZPrVTPrZfQ|'''Scariest Tank Ingame - Nb.Fz.''' - ''Sgt.Vittie'' (Review starts at 10:29)|RyA5KcS2hAw|'''Multi-turreted Tanks''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 1:21 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|KE7i01L5DVk|'''{{PAGENAME}} Tank Review''' - ''NUSensei''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same guns

* 75 mm: [[Pz.IV C]] / [[Pz.IV E]]
* 37 mm: [[Pz.III B]] / [[Pz.III E]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[T-35]]
* [[Independent]]
* [[Ro-Go]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/devblog/current/787|[Development] Neubaufahrzeug VI]]
* [[wikipedia:Neubaufahrzeug|[Wikipedia] Neubaufahrzeug]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/nazi_germany/neubaufahrzeug.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Neubaufahrzeug]

{{Germany medium tanks}}
{{Germany premium ground vehicles}}

S.81

2021-04-29T18:04:06Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=s_81_ar125
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.71 "New E.R.A."]].

The S.81 is distinctive with its three engines, two on the wings and one in the nose. This provides a level of redundancy with the nose engine unlikely to be disabled except from a head-on or a diving attack. Although, each engine is less powerful than contemporaries on other aircraft so each engine loss will heavily impact the aircraft's speed, causing it to lose altitude. Losing one engine on the wing would also cause the aircraft to start rolling over to the weakened end. However, if you manage to land your plane after losing an engine, you will be able to taxi back to base at 100% power. It will be slow though, as you can only reach speeds up to 14 km/h.

The plane in its default state is covered in a light green paint with black splotches around to break up the solid figure. A huge white band stretch out at the mid-section of the fuselage, right around the beam turrets, which could serve as reference points for enemies to knockout the beam and ventral turret gunners. On the tail's vertical stabilizer, a large white cross is also present with the logo of the ''Regia Aeronautica'' in the upper centre point of the paint. On the wings, the ''Regia Aeronautica'' roundels were also present to make the vehicle certainly belonging to the Italian tech tree.

Three types of turrets are available on the S.81, a dorsal turret on top, a ventral turret on the bottom, and two beam turrets for both sides of the fuselage. All the turrets provide an excellent arc of fires on their sectors, with mutual machine gun fire from more than one turret able to be met in most areas. Unfortunately, all the turrets used a 7.7 mm machine gun and while sustained fire could cause sufficient damage, they lack the quick stopping power needed to prevent fighters from strafing the bomber, and taking down enemy fighters quickly is crucial as the S.81 lacks any sort of armour for itself and the crew except self-sealing fuel tanks. Enemy machine-gun fire will quickly go through, damaging modules and crew members.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 321 || 310 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 30.1 || 31.3 || 3.9 || 3.9 || rowspan="2" | 450
|-
! Upgraded
| 351 || 335 || 28.0 || 29.0 || 9.4 || 6.3
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 369 || 348 || 241 || ~4 || ~2
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 260 || < 270 || < 270 || > 330
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* No armour plating
* No armour glazing
* Critical components located at front of aircraft (fuel, pilot, engine, controls)
* More fuel tanks located in wings near fuselage

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

When grinding this plane for improvements and modules, focus on the payload first, then the plane performance. Ignore the defensive firepower upgrades as the defensive firepower upgraded is still extremely weak until its the last upgrades you have to get.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|GP 50 (50 kg)|GP 100 (100 kg)|GP 250 (250 kg)|GP 500 (500 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 28 x 50 kg GP 50 bombs (1,400 kg total)
* 16 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (1,600 kg total)
* 4 x 250 kg GP 250 bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 4 x 500 kg GP 500 bombs (2,000 kg total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|Breda-SAFAT (7.7 mm)|Lewis (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 7.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine guns, dorsal turret (500 rpg = 1,000 total)
* 2 x 7.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine guns, ventral turret (500 rpg = 1,000 total)
* 1 x 7.7 mm Lewis machine gun, 2 x beam turrets (500 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==


S.81 is a well armed beginner bomber for Italy, being able to carry a heavy load of bombs in different sizes. Though it doesn't possess the greatest speed, it's still a bomber for the enemy team to recognize as a threat for its carrying capacity of bombs. Being mixed up with bombers from other nations like [[He 111 H-3]], [[F.222.2]], or [[TB-3M-17-32]], they can easily wipe out enemy bomb points and airfield.

S.81 is armed with 6 x 7.7 mm machine guns: 2 x [[Lewis (7.7 mm)]] and 4 x [[Breda-SAFAT (7.7 mm)]] which is pretty well armed for a low tier bomber. The two Lewis machine guns are placed at the middle rear of the plane in the sides, where they can cover if enemy planes are flying level next to the S.81. Meanwhile, the 4 x Breda machine guns are placed in two turrets that have 360° coverage above and below the bomber, being able to defend it from most angles. It is able to defend itself pretty well against biplanes from reserve ranks, but can have tougher opponents like [[I-16 type 24]], [[Yak-2 KABB]], [[P-36G]], [[He 100 D-1]], [[Potez 631]], and [[J22-A]] that can make quick work of the S.81 as they are faster, more agile, and usually have more firepower than the S.81.

S.81 is able to carry 28 x 50 kg bombs, 16 x 100 kg bombs, 4 x 250 kg bombs or 4 x 500 kg bombs. Bombloads like 28 x 50 kg and 16 x 100 kg are excellent for carpet bombing convoys and knocking out light targets, meanwhile heavier bombloads like 4 x 250 kg and 4 x 500 kg are excellent for destroying bombing points and damaging airfields. They are all useful in ground battles.

Best use of S.81 in Air Battles is on clean up duty after other bombers that are way faster and might not have the bombload to take out bombing points in one go, or S.81 can go for stationary targets like pillboxes, light pillboxes, AA emplacements and artillery positions to bleed the enemy team's tickets.

In ground battles the S.81 can be good air support for allied ground units, protecting points that are being captured by hostile forces and with good communications with the ground teammates it can wipe out entrenched enemies that are likely to be protecting points or certain roads or areas of the map. But beware of enemy SPAA units, S.81's slow speed makes it an easy target for most SPAA vehicles at its battle rating.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great payload, can hold up to 2,000 kg
* Machine gun turrets can reach all sides of the bomber
* Fast-firing defensive armament, with incendiary bullets that can easily set fabric-covered low-tier planes on fire

'''Cons:'''

* Slow and sluggish
* No armour or bulletproof glass for protection
* Abysmal defensive firepower
* Loss of a single engine will hamper the plane's ability to stay in the air
* Low maximum altitude

== History ==

Under the need to have an aircraft capable reaching the far reaches of the Italian colonies in Africa, a project was made to develop an aircraft able to suit the Regia Aeronautica. Approaching manufacturer Savoia-Marchetti, chief designer Alessandro Marchetti developed the aircraft based on the Savoia's SM.73 airliner and militarized the vehicle for its intended use.<ref name="MFS.81">Military Factory. "Savoia-Marchetti SM.81 Pipistrello (Bat) Medium Bomber / Transport Aircraft." Military Factory, 31 May 2017, [http://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=811 Website].</ref> The first prototype was built and flown in early 1935, approximately six months after the SM.73 debuted.<ref name="CenturyS.81">Century of Flight. "Savoia Marchetti S.M.81 Pipistrello." Italian Aircraft of World War Two, 11 Nov 2007, [https://web.archive.org/web/20121102170519/https://www.century-of-flight.net/Aviation%20history/photo_albums/timeline/ww2/Savoia%20Marchetti.htm Web Archive].</ref> This aircraft was then known as the '''SM.81 "Pipistrello"''' ('''"Bat"'''). The aircraft was accepted for service in the same year with mass-production slated, with different engines used throughout the production life. 534 SM.81 would be produced in the time span between 1935 to 1944.<ref name="MurphyS.81">Murphy, Justin D., and Matthew A. McNiece. Military Aircraft, 1919-1945: an Illustrated History of Their Impact. ABC-CLIO, 2009.</ref>

===Combat usage===
At its inception, the SM.81 was considered one of the better medium bombers of the era with its top speed of 211 miles, long range of 1,336 miles, well armed with six machine gun positions and able to carry a payload of up to 2,205 lbs.<ref name="MurphyS.81" /> The SM.81 found a versatile use on the battlefield, being used in a transport, bombing, ground attack, and a reconnaissance role, ensuring its relevancy even later in the war. One was procured by Benito Mussolini to be used as his private aircraft, the aircraft being nicknamed "Taratuga" ("Turtle") for its sluggish speed.

The SM.81 was first used in the Second Italo-Ethiopian War (also known as the Second Italo-Abyssinian War), lasting from 03 October 1935 to May 1936, quickly putting the SM.81 into action. Their versatile performed well in their support of the Italian troops, culminating with the annexation of Ethiopia into Italy's East African colonies. The SM.81 saw use again in the Spanish Civil War to aid the Spanish Nationalists in the Aviazione Legionaria, where they were used to the same degree as in Ethiopia. Though 12 were sent on a 705-mile flight on 29 July 1936 to Spanish-controlled Morocco, complexity in the flight had only nine arrive. These nine bombers provided a great asset in the Strait of Gibraltar as more aircraft arrived, keeping the Spanish Republican's Navy at bay. As the Nationalists push closer to Madrid, the SM.81, working alongside the German Condor Legion, bombed the Spanish capital almost daily. Though the SM.81 sometimes flew with escorting [[CR.32_(Family)|C.R.32]] biplanes, flying unescorted with tight formations was also possible due to the mutual machine gun protection with each other.<ref name="SmithS.81">Smith, Richard K., and R. Cargill. Hall. Five down, No Glory: Frank G. Tinker, Mercenary Ace in the Spanish Civil War. Naval Institute Press, 2011.</ref> However, when Soviet [[I-15_M-22|I-15]] and [[I-16 type 5|I-16]] appeared, flights started to be conducted at night to avoid losing precious bombers. When Italy left Spain at the conclusion of the war, around 64 SM.81 was left behind for the Spanish Air Force.

By the outbreak of World War II, the SM.81 was showing its age, though 300 units still remained in the Regia Aeronautica's inventory.<ref name="MFS.81" /> With the faster and more powerful [[S.M.79_(Family)|SM.79]] beginning to see service in 1936, the SM.81's roles was supplemented. The SM.81 still saw service in secondary roles and so deliveries still continued. It was used in the African theater as the main bomber against British forces in East Africa, but British [[Gladiator_Mk_II|Gladiators]] and [[Hurricane_(Family)|Hurricanes]] posed a major threat. Due to this the SM.81 was relegated as a night bomber in North Africa, with the darkness as cover against the enemy fighters. 80 SM.81 were also produced into a dedicated transport aircraft, known as ''SM.81T'', which proved vital in transporting troops and material to Rommel's Afrika Korps.<ref name="MurphyS.81" />

Even after Italy's surrender to Allied forces in September 1943, the SM.81 still saw service in North Italy's Aeronautica Nazionale Repubblicana and South Italy's Aviazione Cobelligerante Italiana. Though South Italy soon removed them from service, North Italy used them until the end of the war.<ref name="MFS.81" /> In the conclusion of World War II, several SM.81 were still in service with the post-war Aeronautica Militare Italiana, sticking around until 1950 when they were all officially retired.

===Other developments===
Two main variants of the SM.81 existed, the SM.81 as a bomber/transport variant and the SM.81T as a dedicated transport aircraft, both using various engines as propulsion. A project was done known as the ''SM.81B'', which used a two-engine configuration. This provided inadequate performance compared to the three-engine configurations and so the project was discontinued.

Though the SM.81 saw use in the various Italian air forces and in Spain, three were also sent to the Chinese Nationalist forces, arriving at an unknown date. However, all three samples were destroyed in training exercises in early 1938.<ref name="MFS.81" />

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|9_txEPailKc|'''The Shooting Range #92''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 06:20 discusses the S.81.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/379608-s81/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

=== References ===
<references />

{{AirManufacturer SM}}
{{Italy bombers}}

S.81

2021-04-29T18:03:12Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=s_81_ar125
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.71 "New E.R.A."]].

The S.81 is distinctive with its three engines, two on the wings and one in the nose. This provides a level of redundancy with the nose engine unlikely to be disabled except from a head-on or a diving attack. Although, each engine is less powerful than contemporaries on other aircraft so each engine loss will heavily impact the aircraft's speed, causing it to lose altitude. Losing one engine on the wing would also cause the aircraft to start rolling over to the weakened end. However, if you manage to land your plane after losing an engine, you will be able to taxi back to base at 100% power. It will be slow though, as you can only reach speeds up to 14 km/h.

The plane in its default state is covered in a light green paint with black splotches around to break up the solid figure. A huge white band stretch out at the mid-section of the fuselage, right around the beam turrets, which could serve as reference points for enemies to knockout the beam and ventral turret gunners. On the tail's vertical stabilizer, a large white cross is also present with the logo of the ''Regia Aeronautica'' in the upper centre point of the paint. On the wings, the ''Regia Aeronautica'' roundels were also present to make the vehicle certainly belonging to the Italian tech tree.

Three types of turrets are available on the S.81, a dorsal turret on top, a ventral turret on the bottom, and two beam turrets for both sides of the fuselage. All the turrets provide an excellent arc of fires on their sectors, with mutual machine gun fire from more than one turret able to be met in most areas. Unfortunately, all the turrets used a 7.7 mm machine gun and while sustained fire could cause sufficient damage, they lack the quick stopping power needed to prevent fighters from strafing the bomber, and taking down enemy fighters quickly is crucial as the S.81 lacks any sort of armour for itself and the crew except self-sealing fuel tanks. Enemy machine-gun fire will quickly go through, damaging modules and crew members.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 321 || 310 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 30.1 || 31.3 || 3.9 || 3.9 || rowspan="2" | 450
|-
! Upgraded
| 351 || 335 || 28.0 || 29.0 || 9.4 || 6.3
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 369 || 348 || 241 || ~4 || ~2
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 260 || < 270 || < 270 || > 330
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* No armour plating
* No armour glazing
* Critical components located at front of aircraft (fuel, pilot, engine, controls)
* More fuel tanks located in wings near fuselage

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

When grinding this plane for improvements and modules, focus on the payload first, then the plane performance. Ignore the defensive firepower upgrades as the defensive firepower upgraded is still extremely weak until its the last upgrades you have to get.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|GP 50 (50 kg)|GP 100 (100 kg)|GP 250 (250 kg)|GP 500 (500 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 28 x 50 kg GP 50 bombs (1,400 kg total)
* 16 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (1,600 kg total)
* 4 x 250 kg GP 250 bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 4 x 500 kg GP 500 bombs (2,000 kg total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|Breda-SAFAT (7.7 mm)|Lewis (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 7.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine guns, dorsal turret (500 rpg = 1,000 total)
* 2 x 7.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine guns, ventral turret (500 rpg = 1,000 total)
* 1 x 7.7 mm Lewis machine gun, 2 x beam turrets (500 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==


S.81 is a well armed beginner bomber for Italy, being able to carry a heavy load of bombs in different sizes. Though it doesn't possess the greatest speed, it's still a bomber for the enemy team to recognize as a threat for its carrying capacity of bombs. Being mixed up with bombers from other nations like [[He 111 H-3]], [[F.222.2]], or [[TB-3M-17-32]], they can easily wipe out enemy bomb points and airfield.

S.81 is armed with 6 x 7.7 mm machine guns: 2 x [[Lewis (7.7 mm)]] and 4 x [[Breda-SAFAT (7.7 mm)]] which is pretty well armed for a low tier bomber. The two Lewis machine guns are placed at the middle rear of the plane in the sides, where they can cover if enemy planes are flying level next to the S.81. Meanwhile, the 4 x Breda machine guns are placed in two turrets that have 360° coverage above and below the bomber, being able to defend it from most angles. It is able to defend itself pretty well against biplanes from reserve ranks, but can have tougher opponents like [[I-16 type 24]], [[Yak-2 KABB]], [[P-36G]], [[He 100 D-1]], [[Potez 631]], and [[J22-A]] that can make quick work of the S.81 as they are faster, more agile, and usually have more firepower than the S.81.

S.81 is able to carry 28 x 50 kg bombs, 16 x 100 kg bombs, 4 x 250 kg bombs or 4 x 500 kg bombs. Bombloads like 28 x 50 kg and 16 x 100 kg are excellent for carpet bombing convoys and knocking out light targets, meanwhile heavier bombloads like 4 x 250 kg and 4 x 500 kg are excellent for destroying bombing points and damaging airfields. They are all useful in ground battles.

Best use of S.81 in Air Battles is on clean up duty after other bombers that are way faster and might not have the bombload to take out bombing points in one go, or S.81 can go for stationary targets like pillboxes, light pillboxes, AA emplacements and artillery positions to bleed the enemy team's tickets.

In ground battles the S.81 can be good air support for allied ground units, protecting points that are being captured by hostile forces and with good communications with the ground teammates it can wipe out entrenched enemies that are likely to be protecting points or certain roads or areas of the map. But beware of enemy SPAA units, S.81's slow speed makes it an easy target for most SPAA vehicles at its battle rating.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent payload, can hold large numbers of 50 kg bombs
* Machine gun turrets can reach all sides of the bomber
* Fast-firing defensive armament, with incendiary bullets that can easily set fabric-covered low-tier planes on fire

'''Cons:'''

* Slow and sluggish
* No armour or bulletproof glass for protection
* Abysmal defensive firepower
* Loss of a single engine will hamper the plane's ability to stay in the air
* Low maximum altitude

== History ==

Under the need to have an aircraft capable reaching the far reaches of the Italian colonies in Africa, a project was made to develop an aircraft able to suit the Regia Aeronautica. Approaching manufacturer Savoia-Marchetti, chief designer Alessandro Marchetti developed the aircraft based on the Savoia's SM.73 airliner and militarized the vehicle for its intended use.<ref name="MFS.81">Military Factory. "Savoia-Marchetti SM.81 Pipistrello (Bat) Medium Bomber / Transport Aircraft." Military Factory, 31 May 2017, [http://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=811 Website].</ref> The first prototype was built and flown in early 1935, approximately six months after the SM.73 debuted.<ref name="CenturyS.81">Century of Flight. "Savoia Marchetti S.M.81 Pipistrello." Italian Aircraft of World War Two, 11 Nov 2007, [https://web.archive.org/web/20121102170519/https://www.century-of-flight.net/Aviation%20history/photo_albums/timeline/ww2/Savoia%20Marchetti.htm Web Archive].</ref> This aircraft was then known as the '''SM.81 "Pipistrello"''' ('''"Bat"'''). The aircraft was accepted for service in the same year with mass-production slated, with different engines used throughout the production life. 534 SM.81 would be produced in the time span between 1935 to 1944.<ref name="MurphyS.81">Murphy, Justin D., and Matthew A. McNiece. Military Aircraft, 1919-1945: an Illustrated History of Their Impact. ABC-CLIO, 2009.</ref>

===Combat usage===
At its inception, the SM.81 was considered one of the better medium bombers of the era with its top speed of 211 miles, long range of 1,336 miles, well armed with six machine gun positions and able to carry a payload of up to 2,205 lbs.<ref name="MurphyS.81" /> The SM.81 found a versatile use on the battlefield, being used in a transport, bombing, ground attack, and a reconnaissance role, ensuring its relevancy even later in the war. One was procured by Benito Mussolini to be used as his private aircraft, the aircraft being nicknamed "Taratuga" ("Turtle") for its sluggish speed.

The SM.81 was first used in the Second Italo-Ethiopian War (also known as the Second Italo-Abyssinian War), lasting from 03 October 1935 to May 1936, quickly putting the SM.81 into action. Their versatile performed well in their support of the Italian troops, culminating with the annexation of Ethiopia into Italy's East African colonies. The SM.81 saw use again in the Spanish Civil War to aid the Spanish Nationalists in the Aviazione Legionaria, where they were used to the same degree as in Ethiopia. Though 12 were sent on a 705-mile flight on 29 July 1936 to Spanish-controlled Morocco, complexity in the flight had only nine arrive. These nine bombers provided a great asset in the Strait of Gibraltar as more aircraft arrived, keeping the Spanish Republican's Navy at bay. As the Nationalists push closer to Madrid, the SM.81, working alongside the German Condor Legion, bombed the Spanish capital almost daily. Though the SM.81 sometimes flew with escorting [[CR.32_(Family)|C.R.32]] biplanes, flying unescorted with tight formations was also possible due to the mutual machine gun protection with each other.<ref name="SmithS.81">Smith, Richard K., and R. Cargill. Hall. Five down, No Glory: Frank G. Tinker, Mercenary Ace in the Spanish Civil War. Naval Institute Press, 2011.</ref> However, when Soviet [[I-15_M-22|I-15]] and [[I-16 type 5|I-16]] appeared, flights started to be conducted at night to avoid losing precious bombers. When Italy left Spain at the conclusion of the war, around 64 SM.81 was left behind for the Spanish Air Force.

By the outbreak of World War II, the SM.81 was showing its age, though 300 units still remained in the Regia Aeronautica's inventory.<ref name="MFS.81" /> With the faster and more powerful [[S.M.79_(Family)|SM.79]] beginning to see service in 1936, the SM.81's roles was supplemented. The SM.81 still saw service in secondary roles and so deliveries still continued. It was used in the African theater as the main bomber against British forces in East Africa, but British [[Gladiator_Mk_II|Gladiators]] and [[Hurricane_(Family)|Hurricanes]] posed a major threat. Due to this the SM.81 was relegated as a night bomber in North Africa, with the darkness as cover against the enemy fighters. 80 SM.81 were also produced into a dedicated transport aircraft, known as ''SM.81T'', which proved vital in transporting troops and material to Rommel's Afrika Korps.<ref name="MurphyS.81" />

Even after Italy's surrender to Allied forces in September 1943, the SM.81 still saw service in North Italy's Aeronautica Nazionale Repubblicana and South Italy's Aviazione Cobelligerante Italiana. Though South Italy soon removed them from service, North Italy used them until the end of the war.<ref name="MFS.81" /> In the conclusion of World War II, several SM.81 were still in service with the post-war Aeronautica Militare Italiana, sticking around until 1950 when they were all officially retired.

===Other developments===
Two main variants of the SM.81 existed, the SM.81 as a bomber/transport variant and the SM.81T as a dedicated transport aircraft, both using various engines as propulsion. A project was done known as the ''SM.81B'', which used a two-engine configuration. This provided inadequate performance compared to the three-engine configurations and so the project was discontinued.

Though the SM.81 saw use in the various Italian air forces and in Spain, three were also sent to the Chinese Nationalist forces, arriving at an unknown date. However, all three samples were destroyed in training exercises in early 1938.<ref name="MFS.81" />

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|9_txEPailKc|'''The Shooting Range #92''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 06:20 discusses the S.81.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/379608-s81/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

=== References ===
<references />

{{AirManufacturer SM}}
{{Italy bombers}}

MG 151 (20 mm)

2021-04-23T01:23:36Z

U98661543: History and description

== Description ==
Converted from the 15 mm-firing [[MG 151/15 (15 mm)|MG 151/15 cannon]] to a 20 mm after combat evaluation proved a larger high-explosive shell to be more effective than a high-velocity shell.

A large shipment of 800 guns was lend-leased to Japan using the Italian submarine ''Comandante Cappellini'', arming 388 Japanese [[Ki-61-I hei]] fighter planes.

Note: Gunpods containing MG 151/20 cannons have reduced accuracy compared to those mounted conventionally.

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===


{{Navigation-Start|Vehicles equipped with this weapon}}

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Fighters'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|Bf 109 F}}{{Specs-Link|bf-109f-4}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|bf-109f-4_trop}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|bf-109f-4_usa}}
{{Navigation-Line|Bf 109 G}}{{Specs-Link|bf-109g-2_romania}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|bf-109g-2_hungary}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|bf-109g-2}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|bf-109g-6}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|bf-109g-10}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|bf-109g-14}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|bf-109g-14as}}
{{Navigation-Line|Bf 109 K}}{{Specs-Link|bf-109k-4}} (Modification)
{{Navigation-Line|C.202/205}}{{Specs-Link|mc-202_ec}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|mc-205_serie3}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|mc-205_n2}}
{{Navigation-Line|Fw 190 A}}{{Specs-Link|fw-190a-4}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|fw-190a-5_cannons}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|fw-190a-5_u2}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|fw-190a-5|Fw 190 A-5/U12}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|fw-190a-5_japan}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|fw-190a-8}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|fw-190a-8_usa}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|fw-190a-8_france}}
{{Navigation-Line|Fw 190 C}}{{Specs-Link|fw-190c}}
{{Navigation-Line|Fw 190 D}}{{Specs-Link|fw-190d-9}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|fw-190d-9_ussr}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|fw-190d-12}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|fw-190d-13}}
{{Navigation-Line|Fw 190 F}}{{Specs-Link|fw-190f-8}}
{{Navigation-Line|G.55/56}}{{Specs-Link|g_55_serie1_ss0}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|g_55_serie1}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|g_55s}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|g_56}}
{{Navigation-Line|IAR-81}}{{Specs-Link|iar_81c}}
{{Navigation-Line|Ki-61}}{{Specs-Link|ki_61_1a_hei}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|ki_61_1a_hei_ep}}
{{Navigation-Line|Pyörremyrsky}}{{Specs-Link|pyorremyrsky}}
{{Navigation-Line|Re.2001/2005}}{{Specs-Link|re_2001_cn}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|re_2005_serie0}}
{{Navigation-Line|S.O.8000}}{{Specs-Link|so_8000_narval}}
{{Navigation-Line|Ta 152}}{{Specs-Link|ta-152c}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|ta-152h-1}}

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Twin-engine fighters'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|Bf 110}}{{Specs-Link|bf-110f-2}} (Suspended){{-}}{{Specs-Link|bf-110g-2}} (Suspended){{-}}{{Specs-Link|bf_110g_4}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|bf_110g_4_hungary}}
{{Navigation-Line|Do 17}}{{Specs-Link|do_17z_7}}
{{Navigation-Line|Do 217}}{{Specs-Link|do_217n_1}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|do_217n_2}}
{{Navigation-Line|Do 335}}{{Specs-Link|do_335a_0}} (Suspended){{-}}{{Specs-Link|do_335b_2}}
{{Navigation-Line|He 219}}{{Specs-Link|he_219a_7}}
{{Navigation-Line|Ju 388}}{{Specs-Link|ju-388j}}
{{Navigation-Line|Me 410}}{{Specs-Link|me-410a-1}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|me-410a-1_u2}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|me-410a-1_u4}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|me-410b-1}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|me-410b-1_u2}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|me-410b-2_u4}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|me-410b-6_r3}}
{{Navigation-Line|Ta 154}}{{Specs-Link|ta_154a_1}}

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Jet fighters'''}}{{Specs-Link|he-162a-2}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|me-163b-0}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|me-262a1_u1}}

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Attackers'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|Hs 129}}{{Specs-Link|hs-129b-2}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|hs-129b-2_romania}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|hs-129b-2_romania_italy}}
{{Navigation-Line|SM.91/92}}{{Specs-Link|sm_91}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|sm_92}}

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Bombers'''}}{{Specs-Link|bv-238}} (Defensive){{-}}{{Specs-Link|do_217e_2}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|do_217e_4}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|he-177a-5}} (Defensive)
{{Navigation-Line| }}{{Specs-Link|ju-87d-5}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|ju-188a-2}} (Defensive){{-}}{{Specs-Link|ju-288c}} (Defensive){{-}}{{Specs-Link|mb_175t}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|me_264}} (Defensive)

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Jet bombers'''}}{{Specs-Link|arado-234c-3}}

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Heavy tanks'''}}{{Specs-Link|fr_amx_50_surblinde}}

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Tank destroyers'''}}{{Specs-Link|fr_lorraine_155}}

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Motor torpedo boats'''}}{{Specs-Link|germ_ls4_class}}

{{Navigation-End}}

== General info ==
=== Available ammunition ===


'''Aircraft'''

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|IT|Incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|IT|Incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APHE|Armour-piercing high-explosive}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary (minengeschoß)}}
* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|IT|Incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
* '''Air targets:''' {{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|IT|Incendiary tracer}}
* '''Armored targets:''' {{Annotation|APHE|Armour-piercing high-explosive}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APHE|Armour-piercing high-explosive}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APHE|Armour-piercing high-explosive}}{{-}}{{Annotation|IT|Incendiary tracer}}
* '''Tracers:''' {{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|IT|Incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|IT|Incendiary tracer}}
* '''Stealth:''' {{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APHE|Armour-piercing high-explosive}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}

* '''Default (turret):''' {{Annotation|IT|Incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APHE|Armour-piercing high-explosive}}
* '''Armored targets (turret):''' {{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APHE|Armour-piercing high-explosive}}{{-}}{{Annotation|IT|Incendiary tracer}}
* '''Universal (turret):''' {{Annotation|IT|Incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary (minengeschoß)}}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="7" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| Default || 19 || 17 || 13 || 6 || 6 || 6
|-
| Universal || 25 || 24 || 16 || 7 || 3 || 3
|-
| Air targets || 25 || 24 || 16 || 7 || 3 || 3
|-
| Armored targets || 19 || 17 || 13 || 6 || 6 || 6
|-
| Tracers || 15 || 13 || 8 || 6 || 6 || 6
|-
| Stealth || 25 || 24 || 16 || 7 || 3 || 3
|-
| Default (turret) || 19 || 17 || 13 || 6 || 6 || 6
|-
| Armored targets (turret) || 21 || 17 || 13 || 6 || 6 || 6
|-
| Universal (turret) || 15 || 13 || 8 || 6 || 6 || 6
|-
|}

'''Tanks'''

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="7" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| Default || 26 || 24 || 17 || 11 || 7 || 5
|-
|}

'''Ships'''

* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}
* '''20 mm HE belts:''' {{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}
* '''20 mm AP belts:''' {{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="7" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| Universal || 26 || 24 || 19 || 15 || 13 || 11
|-
| 20 mm HE belts || 26 || 24 || 19 || 15 || 13 || 11
|-
| 20 mm AP belts || 26 || 24 || 19 || 15 || 13 || 11
|-
|}

=== Comparison with analogues ===


* [[Hispano Mk.I (20 mm)]] [[Hispano Mk.II (20 mm)]]
* [[Hispano 404 (20 mm)]]
* [[AN/M2 (20 mm)]]
* [[ShVAK (20 mm)]]

== Usage in battles ==

This weapon is very dangerous to air targets due to the ''minengeschoß'' shell, which makes the MG 151/20 arguably the best 20 mm cannon against air targets. Unless other ammunition is needed for a specific reason, always choose the ammo belt with most ''minengeschoß'' available.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* ''Minengeschoß'' shell (an improved HEI shell) provides a lot of hitting power against aircraft
* Larger ammo count than the other German 20 mm cannons
* Higher muzzle velocity than the other German 20 mm cannons
* Faster firing and less prone to jamming than the Allied Hispano variants

'''Cons:'''

* Still lower muzzle velocity compared to most machine guns
* Ineffective against armoured ground targets, even with APHE shells
* Tracer and HEI (''minengeschoß'') have slightly different trajectories which reiterate knowing your ammunition

== History ==

The MG 151 was a 15 mm aircraft-mounted autocannon produced by Waffenfabrik Mauser. Its origins stem from the period between WWI and WWII when the German single-engine fighter doctrine at the time mirrored that of the French. It called for a powerful autocannon between the cylinder banks of a V engine, which was known as a ''moteur-canon'' by the French. Though the cannon most preferred by the French at the time was the 20 mm Oerlikon FFS cannon, this was too large to fit into German aircraft in the propeller hubs, therefore, Mauser was given the task of developing a cannon which was small enough to fit and did not impact performance too greatly. For a time, the MG FF cannon was used as a stop-gap on German aircraft, unfortunately, its performance was mediocre. Eventually, in 1940, the first MG 151s were put into production. After evaluation of the 15 mm on the Bf-109 E-2, the decision was made to change it to 20 mm cartridges resulting in a re-designated the MG 151/20.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


* [[MG 151/15 (15 mm)]] - Gun from which the MG 151/20 cannon was adapted

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USA aircraft cannons}}
{{Germany aircraft cannons}}
{{USSR aircraft cannons}}
{{Japan aircraft cannons}}
{{Italy aircraft cannons}}
{{France aircraft cannons}}
{{Sweden aircraft cannons}}
{{France tank cannons}}
{{Germany naval cannons}}

[[Category:Aircraft cannons]]
[[Category:Tank cannons]]
[[Category:Naval cannons]]

Me 410 B-1

2021-04-23T01:16:23Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = German strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Me 410 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=me-410b-1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

== General info ==
[[File:Cockpit_Me410.jpg|thumbnail|right|250px|The Me 410's instrument panel.]]
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

In general, the Me 410 B-1's flight characteristics are adequate. It can accelerate reasonably fast, and its roll rate is average. However, its turn time is not as good as single-engine fighters (which is to be expected), but it may be able to outturn some other heavy fighters. It does not lock up at high speeds, meaning you can dive on enemies without having to worry about that. Even when approaching rip speed, the flight performance stays largely, the same. The DB 603s are excellent engines, and when spaded, at low altitude, without payload, and flying straight, you should be able to manage 470 km/h. However, at higher altitudes, it can go even faster, thanks to its supercharger, reaching speeds past 500 km/h.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,900 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 617 || 599 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.1 || 32.0 || 7.9 || 7.9 || rowspan="2" | 500
|-
! Upgraded
| 663 || 639 || 28.9 || 30.0 || 14.3 || 10.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 457 || 428 || 280 || ~12 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 360 || < 360 || < 460 || > 265
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,750 m || 3,120 hp || 3,551 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8 mm steel - front of cockpit (either side of the glass)
* 5 mm steel - wings leading edge (in front of fuel tanks)
* 8 mm steel - prop hub and gear bay
* 9 mm steel - top and bottoms of wings (around the liquid cooling system)
* 8 mm steel - plates in the tail
* 8 mm steel - bulkhead aft of gunner
* 8 mm steel - between gunner and pilot
* 12 mm steel - pilot's headrest
* 60 mm bulletproof glass - in front of the pilot (inside aircraft)
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (4 in the wings' roots and 2 in the wings)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, cheek-mounted (350 rpg = 700 total)
* 2 x 13 mm MG 131 machine guns, fuselage-mounted (600 rpg = 1,200 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC50JA (50 kg)|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 8 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (400 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (500 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg SC500K bombs (1,000 kg total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 13 mm MG 131 machine gun, 2 x beam turrets (500 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==


This aircraft, like its predecessors, benefits from a large supply of ammo. When performing ground attacks against soft targets, firing the machine guns separately enables better conservation of the more relevant cannon ammo. It is recommended to use stealth ammo for the machine guns and another belt for the cannons that include tracers, as this enables the pilot to easier gauge the 20 mm's trajectory.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}
In terms of MEC, the Me 410 B-1 does not offer much. You can control the propeller pitch and radiators, but nothing else. Usually, you can keep the radiators at around 40%, but you may have to increase it to a little past 50% if WEP is engaged, or if your water cooling system is damaged. Unlike the DB 601 from which it was derived from, the DB 603 does not conk out if propeller pitch is increased to 100%, and can be kept there. If your engines are dead and you need to glide back to base, decrease it as needed.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Well armed, mounting 13 mm and 20 mm cannons
* Improves offensive armament, with the 7.92 mm MGs replaced with 13 mm MGs
* Good amount of ammunition for both weapons
* Quite durable, well armoured
* Great straight-line top speed for a heavy fighter
* Sustains high speeds in dives
* Air brakes (useful for dive recovery, dog-fighting and landing)
* Without air brakes, accelerates quickly in a dive, allowing for quick escapes
* Retains speed created in a dive for a while
* Good forward visibility (in Simulator)
* Stable flyer
* Machine guns allow for a less wasteful ground attack

'''Cons:'''

* Not very manoeuvrable (although quite reasonable amongst heavy fighters)
* Poor energy retention
* Less firepower than the Me 410 A-1/U2
* Different forward-firing guns means two trajectories to know
* Rather large target

== History ==


=== In-game description ===
April 1944 saw the Me 410 B version replace the Me 410 A on the assembly lines. The main distinction of this variant was its Daimler-Benz DB 603G twelve-cylinder, liquid-cooled engine. The new engines had an increased boost and compression ratio, which allowed a takeoff power of 1,900 hp.

The aircraft's armament was reinforced. The pair of 7.92 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 17 machine guns mounted in the nose section were replaced with the same number of the more powerful and efficient 13 mm large-calibre Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 131 machine guns.

Me 410 B planes could now have two additional 300-litre fuel tanks suspended under their wing panels, and the main landing gear legs were extended.

Just as it was in the case of the Me 410 A, two main versions of the aircraft saw full-scale production: the Me 410 B-1 high-speed bomber and the Me 410 B-2 "destroyer". Various Rüstsatz and Umbausatz kits were used on these aircraft.

The Me 410 B-1/U2 and the Me 410 B-1/U4 had armament corresponding to the same versions of the A-1 modification: either a pair of 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons (the U2 kit), or a 50 mm Rheinmetall BK 5 cannon (the U4 kit).

The Me 410 B-2/U2 version of the aircraft had a WB 151 ventral container with two more 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons.

In addition to the 50 mm Rheinmetall BK 5 cannon mounted in the bomb bay, Me 410 B-2/U4 planes had a pair of 30 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 103 cannons installed. To make room, their 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannon and 13 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 131 machine guns were removed. About a hundred such kits were delivered to the Luftwaffe's troops on the front lines.

Several more "field modification kits" for the Me 410 B-2 were developed for the purpose of fighting Allied bombers. The R2 kit included a WB 108 container with two 30 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 108 cannons. The R3 kit also allowed the mounting of additional 30 mm cannons of a different type (Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 103) in a WB 103 container.

In addition to a WB 151 container, planes equipped with the R4 kit received two additional 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons mounted under the fuselage. Planes with the R5 kit received a container with four Mauser MG 151/20 cannons, mounted in the bomb bay.

In April 1944, several Me 410 B-2/U4 aircraft received a 37 mm Rheinmetall BK 3.7 aircraft anti-tank cannon for trial.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=germany&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=assault&vehicle=me-410b-1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/153154-messerschmitt-me-410-b-1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer BFW}}
{{Germany strike aircraft}}

Beaufighter Mk 21

2021-04-22T18:17:57Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = British strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Beaufighter (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=beaufighter_mk21
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27. This variant of the Beaufighter represents a version which was manufactured in Australia by the Australian government's Department of Aircraft Production (DAP).

The Beaufighter Mk 21 plays very similarly to its predecessor, the Mk X. However the Mk 21 features heavily improved weapons, boosting its ground attack abilities significantly. As before, you are still able to fulfil the roles of a heavy fighter, torpedo bomber, and an attacker. Once again though, added weapon mass will make you slower, and less manoeuvrable, so remember that you cant turn like the Mk 6c. In the ground attack role, the available rockets, combined with the cannons make it very good at defeating convoys. This option also has the benefit of allowing you to largely sidestep the Mk 21's issues of poor top speed and a bad climb rate. When used for bomber hunting as a heavy fighter, you will quickly find the replacement of the Mk X's 7.7 mm machine guns with 12.7 mm machine guns to be of great benefit. The climb rate works heavily against you however, so only medium and low altitude bombers should be targeted. The torpedo bomber role, however, should still be avoided. The torpedo drop requirements are still very bad, making any run against an enemy ship a very risky move. Long story short, stick to medium and low altitude and attack any bombers or ground targets you get the chance to. You should also equip your ammo belts accordingly, to ensure maximum effectiveness. Lastly, try to get fighter cover. More than any other version of the Beaufighter, the Mk 21 will struggle with lighter, more nimble opponents. Stick to what this aircraft is good at, and you can greatly improve your teams chance at victory.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

As mentioned earlier, the flight characteristics of the airplane are very similar to its predecessor, the [[Beaufighter Mk X]]. Both fighters carry Bristol Hercules XVII engines, however, Mk X carries variant optimized for low-altitude performance, featuring 1581 hp engines that can carry the plane up to 4575 meters, while the Mk 21 features 1369 hp engines for the maximum altitude of 9382 meters. This, combined with the upgraded armament makes it far more suitable to engage enemy bombers, even though the climb rate is still rather unimpressive 14.6 m/s (AB, Upgraded).

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 498 || 480 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 43.3 || 44.2 || 6.6 || 6.6 || rowspan="2" | 478
|-
! Upgraded
| 545 || 520 || 41.0 || 42.2 || 14.6 || 10.1
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 354 || 242 || 216 || ~7 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 330 || < 390 || < 410 || > 300
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 152 m || 3,640 hp || N/A
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 2,438 m || 3,200 hp || N/A
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 38 mm Bulletproof glass - Armoured windscreen
* 25 mm Steel - Armoured plate in the nose
* 25 mm Steel - Armoured plate in front of gunner (note that the gunner is facing backwards)
* 1 mm Steel - Armoured plates behind the engine
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (2 in each wing)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Hispano Mk.II (20 mm)|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 20 mm Hispano Mk.II cannons, belly-mounted (283 rpg = 1,132 total)
* 4 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, wing-mounted (600 rpg = 2,400 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|RP-3|18 inch Mark XII (450 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 1 x 450 mm 18 inch Mark XII torpedo
* 8 x RP-3 rockets

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|Vickers K (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 7.7 mm Vickers K machine gun, dorsal turret (1,000 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

The final Beaufighter in the research tree can be characterized primarily by its main armament. In its BR there's barely anything that comes close to the combination of 4 x 20mm cannons and 2 x 12.7 mm machine guns, especially considering the superior layout of the cannons, with all four clustered right under the cockpit, making precise aiming far easier. If there's anything to be desired - it's the Minengeschoß of the [[M3 (20 mm)|German counterpart]] for the 20 mm cannons. Beaufighter can swiftly tear apart enemy fighters and bombers alike, typically in a single sweep if aimed accurately. This makes it a potent fighter in a number of circumstances and giving it a fighting chance even if its an underdog in the encounter.

In the Arcade Battles, the most favorable encounters are against unsuspecting targets, and ideally, only such should be picked, preferably diving in and out of the main battle, or picking off strugglers nearby. Good survivability, combined with outstanding firepower allows it to quickly take the enemies down before they manage to react. What should be avoided at all costs are turn fights or prolonged chases. Mk 21 neither has speed nor a turning rate to stand a chance against anything but bombers or other heavy fighters. Similarly fighting against high-altitude fighters (such as [[Fw 190 A-4]]) might be extremely problematic due to their superior climb rate, which will give them the energy advantage, and through that - an opportunity to easily outfly you at any given time.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very heavily armed; has arguably the heaviest offensive firepower of any British aircraft
* Most powerful armament of all the [[Beaufighter (Family)|Beaufighters]]
* Fairly rugged aircraft that can survive a fair share of damage
* Radial engines don't have to worry about liquid coolant
* Can carry rockets for a potent ground attack
* Fuselage mounted cannons assist in accuracy
* Excellent at strafing ground targets
* Crew is surprisingly well armoured against attacks from behind

'''Cons:'''

* Slow at all altitudes
* Added weapon mass over predecessor, making flight performance the worst of all Beaufighters
* Cannons overheat quickly, even when upgraded
* Turret is fairly ineffective, given the small weapon calibre of 7.7 mm
* Torpedoes are notoriously bad for the drop requirements
* As with most British aircraft, the cockpits frontal armoured glass is thin, at only 38 mm
* All M2 Brownings are placed centre-wing away from the fuselage, requires setting close convergence of guns to be effective

== History ==


=== In-game description ===
A design rapidly born from the wings and tail of the earlier Beaufort, the Beaufighter was a two seat, twin engine heavy fighter designed for long range, ground strike and night fighter duties. Equipped with an early AI radar, the Beaufighter was one of the world's first successful night fighters.

In 1944, after Australia's aircraft manufacturing contract expired, the Australian Department of Aircraft Production was commissioned to build 500 aircraft based on the Beaufighter Mk X. The Australian version of the aircraft was named the Beaufighter Mk 21 and differed from its predecessor in its armament; the nose mounted 0.303 inch Browning machine guns were replaced with Browning M2 50 calibre guns now fitted in the wings, and the Hercules XVII engines were replaced with Hercules CVIIs. Only 365 of these aircraft were built, since the war ended before completion of the first order and the rest of the torpedo bombers' production was cancelled.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=australia&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=fighter&vehicle=beaufighter_mk21 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|dYdJqnO5Cs4|'''The Shooting Range #9''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 06:20 discusses the Bristol Beaufighter.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[Wikipedia:Bristol_Beaufighter|[Wikipedia] Bristol Beaufighter]]
* [https://www.baesystems.com/en/heritage/bristol-156-beaufighter <nowiki>[BAE Systems]</nowiki> Bristol Beaufighter]

{{AirManufacturer Bristol}}
{{Britain strike aircraft}}

Beaufighter Mk X

2021-04-22T18:14:58Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = British strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Beaufighter (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=beaufighter_mkx
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 2,600 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 468 || 450 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.8 || 30.8 || 6.6 || 6.6 || rowspan="2" | 443
|-
! Upgraded
| 517 || 490 || 27.3 || 28.5 || 14.5 || 10.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 354 || 242 || 216 || ~7 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 330 || < 390 || < 410 || > 300
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 460 m || 1,395 hp || 1,743 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 2,651 m || 1,300 hp || 1,547 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 25 mm Steel - Armoured nose plate
* 1 mm Steel - Forward engine nacelle armour plates
* 25 mm Steel - Rear aircraft/gunner protection armour plate
* 38 mm Bulletproof glass - Armoured windscreen

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Hispano Mk.II (20 mm)|Browning (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 20 mm Hispano Mk.II cannons, belly-mounted (283 rpg = 1,132 total)
* 6 x 7.7 mm Browning machine guns, wing-mounted (2 x left, 4 x right) (1,000 rpg = 6,000 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|RP-3|18 inch Mark XII (450 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 1 x 18 inch Mark XII torpedo
* 8 x RP-3 rockets

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|Vickers K (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 7.7 mm Vickers K machine gun, dorsal turret (1,000 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

Just like the [[Beaufighter Mk VIc|Mk VIc]] version of the Beaufighter, you can use this aircraft in a variety of roles. Heavy fighter, torpedo bomber, and attacker are all still viable roles for this aircraft. The big difference is in how effective you are at these roles. In the ground attack role, you see a large improvement in capabilities. This is mainly due to the additional ability to carry rockets for ground attack, and the increase in 20 mm cannon ammo. Torpedo bomber tactics should be avoided, however. With the torpedo on offer still being very poor in terms of drop requirements, surviving against incoming flak will be a real challenge. Heavy fighter tactics can be used once again, but with a few changes. Compared to the Mk VIc, you pack a much bigger punch with your weaponry. Unfortunately, this adds weight to the airframe. Thanks to the extra weight, climb rate, manoeuvrability, and speed will all suffer. In short, you will find it harder to find and catch targets, but you can shoot them down more easily. Overall, stick to relatively low altitude. Go after ground targets whenever you see the opportunity and attack any bombers operating at low altitude the second they show up. In order to ensure effectiveness in this role, ground target or universal ammo belts should be used with the 20 mm cannons. The same applies to your 7.7 mm machine guns ammo belts; armoured or universal should be used. With a good flight escort, you can take give your opponents a lot of trouble attacking their ground units, ultimately helping to secure victory for your team.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent armament consisting of four Hispano Mk II cannons and six 7.7 mm machine guns
* Very likely to come out on top during a head-on attack
* Can actually intercept bombers, provided they are flying low enough
* Center-lined cannon armament makes them much more accurate and easier to aim
* Good horizontal agility
* Very good ammo amount, especially helpful during RB and SB
* Can carry 8 powerful RP-3 rockets, with 60 mm of penetration
* Can be used as a torpedo-bomber

'''Cons:'''

* Mediocre climb rate
* Machine guns' accuracy suffers from wing mounting (-> ''convergence'')
* Bad roll rate at high speeds
* Inferior flight performance compared to its [[Beaufighter Mk VIc|predecessor]]
* Gunner is almost useless due to only having a single machine gun for defensive armament
* Cannot carry any bombs, which makes it harder to destroy pillboxes and heavier tanks

== History ==


=== In-game description ===
A design rapidly born from the wings and tail of the earlier Beaufort, the Beaufighter was a two seat, twin engine heavy fighter designed for long range, ground strike and night fighter duties. Equipped with an early AI radar, the Beaufighter was one of the world's first successful night fighters.

Most of the last mass-produced aircraft in Britain were Beaufighter TF Mk Xs. This model was a logical continuation and development of the Mk VIC, had two Hercules Mk VI engines optimised for low level flight, and could carry the standard torpedoes produced in Britain and the United States. The TF letters in the designation stood for "Torpedo Fighter". The aircraft could also carry a bomb load of 1100 kg, and with the help of an AI Mk.VIII radar installed in a 'thimble' nose, they were highly capable machines employed in detecting and destroying surface shipping. In the Far East the Beaufighter was reputed to be nicknamed 'Whispering Death' by Japanese soldiers, although some modern historians believe this to be Allied propaganda.

In March 1945, over a period of 48 hours, Beaufighter TF Mk Xs of No 236 and No 254 Squadrons found and destroyed five German submarines.

The last major variant of the Beaufighter, over 2200 were built in Britain.

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|dYdJqnO5Cs4|'''The Shooting Range #9''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 06:20 discusses the Bristol Beaufighter.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Bristol}}
{{Britain strike aircraft}}

Me 410 B-1

2021-04-19T16:47:45Z

U98661543: /* Flight performance */

{{About
| about = German strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = Me 410 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=me-410b-1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

== General info ==
[[File:Cockpit_Me410.jpg|thumbnail|right|250px|The Me 410's instrument panel.]]
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}
In general, the Me 410 B-1's flight characteristics are okay. It can accelerate reasonably fast, and its roll rate is average. However, its turn time is not as good as single-engine fighters (which is to be expected), but it may be able to outturn some other heavy fighters. It does not lock up at high speeds, meaning you can dive on enemies without having to worry about locking up. Even when approaching rip speed, the flight performance stays largely, the same. The DB 603s are excellent engines, and when spaded, at low altitude, and without payloads, and flying straight, you should be able to manage 470 km/h. However, at higher altitudes, it can go even faster, thanks to its supercharger, reaching speeds past 500 km/h.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,900 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 617 || 599 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.1 || 32.0 || 7.9 || 7.9 || rowspan="2" | 500
|-
! Upgraded
| 663 || 639 || 28.9 || 30.0 || 14.3 || 10.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 457 || 428 || 280 || ~12 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 360 || < 360 || < 460 || > 265
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,750 m || 3,120 hp || 3,551 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8 mm steel - front of cockpit (either side of the glass)
* 5 mm steel - wings leading edge (in front of fuel tanks)
* 8 mm steel - prop hub and gear bay
* 9 mm steel - top and bottoms of wings (around the liquid cooling system)
* 8 mm steel - plates in the tail
* 8 mm steel - bulkhead aft of gunner
* 8 mm steel - between gunner and pilot
* 12 mm steel - pilot's headrest
* 60 mm bulletproof glass - in front of the pilot (inside aircraft)
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, cheek-mounted (350 rpg = 700 total)
* 2 x 13 mm MG 131 machine guns, fuselage-mounted (600 rpg = 1,200 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC50JA (50 kg)|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 8 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (400 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (500 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg SC500K bombs (1,000 kg total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 13 mm MG 131 machine gun, 2 x beam turrets (500 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==


This aircraft, like its predecessors, benefits from a large supply of ammo. When performing ground attacks against soft targets, firing the machine guns separately enables better conservation of the more relevant cannon ammo. It is recommended to use stealth ammo for the machine guns and another belt for the cannons that include tracers, as this enables the pilot to easier gauge the 20 mm's trajectory.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}
In terms of MEC, the Me 410 B-1 does not offer much. You can control the propeller pitch and radiators, but not much else. Usually, you can keep the radiators at around 40%, but you may have to increase it to a little past 50% if WEP is engaged, or if your water cooling system is damaged. Unlike the DB 601, the DB 603 does not conk out if prop pitch is increased to 100%, and can be kept there. If your engines are dead and you need to glide back to base, decrease it as needed.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Well armed, mounting 13 mm and 20 mm cannons
* Improvement over previous Me 410s, replacing the 7.92 mms with better 13 mms
* Good amount of ammunition for both weapons
* Quite durable, well armoured
* Great straight-line top speed for a heavy fighter
* Sustains high speeds in dives
* Air brakes (useful for dive recovery, dog-fighting and landing)
* Without air brakes, accelerates quickly
* Retains speed created in a dive for a while
* Good forward visibility (in Simulator)
* Stable flyer
* Machine guns allow for a less wasteful ground attack

'''Cons:'''

* Not very manoeuvrable (although quite reasonable amongst heavy fighters)
* Poor energy retention
* Less firepower than the (Me 410 A-1/U2)
* Different forward-firing guns means two trajectories to know
* Rather large target

== History ==


=== In-game description ===
April 1944 saw the Me 410 B version replace the Me 410 A on the assembly lines. The main distinction of this variant was its Daimler-Benz DB 603G twelve-cylinder, liquid-cooled engine. The new engines had an increased boost and compression ratio, which allowed a takeoff power of 1,900 hp.

The aircraft's armament was reinforced. The pair of 7.92 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 17 machine guns mounted in the nose section were replaced with the same number of the more powerful and efficient 13 mm large-calibre Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 131 machine guns.

Me 410 B planes could now have two additional 300-litre fuel tanks suspended under their wing panels, and the main landing gear legs were extended.

Just as it was in the case of the Me 410 A, two main versions of the aircraft saw full-scale production: the Me 410 B-1 high-speed bomber and the Me 410 B-2 "destroyer". Various Rüstsatz and Umbausatz kits were used on these aircraft.

The Me 410 B-1/U2 and the Me 410 B-1/U4 had armament corresponding to the same versions of the A-1 modification: either a pair of 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons (the U2 kit), or a 50 mm Rheinmetall BK 5 cannon (the U4 kit).

The Me 410 B-2/U2 version of the aircraft had a WB 151 ventral container with two more 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons.

In addition to the 50 mm Rheinmetall BK 5 cannon mounted in the bomb bay, Me 410 B-2/U4 planes had a pair of 30 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 103 cannons installed. To make room, their 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannon and 13 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 131 machine guns were removed. About a hundred such kits were delivered to the Luftwaffe's troops on the front lines.

Several more "field modification kits" for the Me 410 B-2 were developed for the purpose of fighting Allied bombers. The R2 kit included a WB 108 container with two 30 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 108 cannons. The R3 kit also allowed the mounting of additional 30 mm cannons of a different type (Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 103) in a WB 103 container.

In addition to a WB 151 container, planes equipped with the R4 kit received two additional 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons mounted under the fuselage. Planes with the R5 kit received a container with four Mauser MG 151/20 cannons, mounted in the bomb bay.

In April 1944, several Me 410 B-2/U4 aircraft received a 37 mm Rheinmetall BK 3.7 aircraft anti-tank cannon for trial.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/153154-messerschmitt-me-410-b-1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer BFW}}
{{Germany strike aircraft}}

Me 410 B-1

2021-04-19T16:44:41Z

U98661543: Flight performance and MEC

{{About
| about = German strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = Me 410 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=me-410b-1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

== General info ==
[[File:Cockpit_Me410.jpg|thumbnail|right|250px|The Me 410's instrument panel.]]
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}
In general, the Me 410 B-1's flight characteristics are okay. It can accelerate reasonably fast, and its roll rate is average. However, its turn time is not as good as single-engine fighters (which is to be expected), but it may be able to outturn some other heavy fighters. Its flight characteristics are at its best around 400-500 km/h. The DB 603s are excellent engines, and when spaded, at low altitude, and without payloads, and flying straight, you should be able to manage 470 km/h. However, at higher altitudes, it can go even faster, thanks to its supercharger.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,900 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 617 || 599 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.1 || 32.0 || 7.9 || 7.9 || rowspan="2" | 500
|-
! Upgraded
| 663 || 639 || 28.9 || 30.0 || 14.3 || 10.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 457 || 428 || 280 || ~12 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 360 || < 360 || < 460 || > 265
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,750 m || 3,120 hp || 3,551 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8 mm steel - front of cockpit (either side of the glass)
* 5 mm steel - wings leading edge (in front of fuel tanks)
* 8 mm steel - prop hub and gear bay
* 9 mm steel - top and bottoms of wings (around the liquid cooling system)
* 8 mm steel - plates in the tail
* 8 mm steel - bulkhead aft of gunner
* 8 mm steel - between gunner and pilot
* 12 mm steel - pilot's headrest
* 60 mm bulletproof glass - in front of the pilot (inside aircraft)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, cheek-mounted (350 rpg = 700 total)
* 2 x 13 mm MG 131 machine guns, fuselage-mounted (600 rpg = 1,200 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC50JA (50 kg)|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 8 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (400 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (500 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg SC500K bombs (1,000 kg total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 13 mm MG 131 machine gun, 2 x beam turrets (500 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==


This aircraft, like its predecessors, benefits from a large supply of ammo. When performing ground attacks against soft targets, firing the machine guns separately enables better conservation of the more relevant cannon ammo. It is recommended to use stealth ammo for the machine guns and another belt for the cannons that include tracers, as this enables the pilot to easier gauge the 20 mm's trajectory.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}
In terms of MEC, the Me 410 B-1 does not offer much. You can control the propeller pitch and radiators, but not much else. Usually, you can keep the radiators at around 40%, but you may have to increase it to a little past 50% if WEP is engaged, or if your water cooling system is damaged. Unlike the DB 601, the DB 603 does not conk out if prop pitch is increased to 100%, and can be kept there. If your engines are dead and you need to glide back to base, decrease it as needed.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Well armed, mounting 13 mm and 20 mm cannons
* Improvement over previous Me 410s, replacing the 7.92 mms with better 13 mms
* Good amount of ammunition for both weapons
* Quite durable, well armoured
* Great straight-line top speed for a heavy fighter
* Sustains high speeds in dives
* Air brakes (useful for dive recovery, dog-fighting and landing)
* Good forward visibility
* Stable flyer
* Machine guns allow for a less wasteful ground attack

'''Cons:'''

* Not very manoeuvrable (although quite reasonable amongst heavy fighters)
* Poor energy retention
* Less firepower than the (Me 410 A-1/U2)
* Different forward-firing guns means two trajectories to know
* Large target

== History ==


=== In-game description ===
April 1944 saw the Me 410 B version replace the Me 410 A on the assembly lines. The main distinction of this variant was its Daimler-Benz DB 603G twelve-cylinder, liquid-cooled engine. The new engines had an increased boost and compression ratio, which allowed a takeoff power of 1,900 hp.

The aircraft's armament was reinforced. The pair of 7.92 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 17 machine guns mounted in the nose section were replaced with the same number of the more powerful and efficient 13 mm large-calibre Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 131 machine guns.

Me 410 B planes could now have two additional 300-litre fuel tanks suspended under their wing panels, and the main landing gear legs were extended.

Just as it was in the case of the Me 410 A, two main versions of the aircraft saw full-scale production: the Me 410 B-1 high-speed bomber and the Me 410 B-2 "destroyer". Various Rüstsatz and Umbausatz kits were used on these aircraft.

The Me 410 B-1/U2 and the Me 410 B-1/U4 had armament corresponding to the same versions of the A-1 modification: either a pair of 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons (the U2 kit), or a 50 mm Rheinmetall BK 5 cannon (the U4 kit).

The Me 410 B-2/U2 version of the aircraft had a WB 151 ventral container with two more 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons.

In addition to the 50 mm Rheinmetall BK 5 cannon mounted in the bomb bay, Me 410 B-2/U4 planes had a pair of 30 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 103 cannons installed. To make room, their 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannon and 13 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 131 machine guns were removed. About a hundred such kits were delivered to the Luftwaffe's troops on the front lines.

Several more "field modification kits" for the Me 410 B-2 were developed for the purpose of fighting Allied bombers. The R2 kit included a WB 108 container with two 30 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 108 cannons. The R3 kit also allowed the mounting of additional 30 mm cannons of a different type (Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 103) in a WB 103 container.

In addition to a WB 151 container, planes equipped with the R4 kit received two additional 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons mounted under the fuselage. Planes with the R5 kit received a container with four Mauser MG 151/20 cannons, mounted in the bomb bay.

In April 1944, several Me 410 B-2/U4 aircraft received a 37 mm Rheinmetall BK 3.7 aircraft anti-tank cannon for trial.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/153154-messerschmitt-me-410-b-1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer BFW}}
{{Germany strike aircraft}}

Me 410 B-2/U4

2021-04-17T18:40:40Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = German strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = Me 410 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=me-410b-2_u4
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_Me_410_B-2_U4.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

== General info ==
[[File:Cockpit_Me410.jpg|thumbnail|right|250px|The Me 410's instrument panel.]]
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,750 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 578 || 560 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.2 || 32.1 || 7.9 || 7.8 || rowspan="2" | 520
|-
! Upgraded
| 625 || 600 || 28.9 || 30.0 || 14.3 || 10.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 457 || 428 || 280 || ~12 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 360 || < 360 || < 460 || > 265
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,750 m || 3,120 hp || 3,551 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8 mm Steel - Nose armour
* 60 mm Bulletproof Glass
* 12 mm Steel - Headrest
* 8 mm Steel - Cockpit mid plate
* 8 mm Steel - Rear gunner plate
* 9 mm Steel - Rear boom armour plate
* 9 mm Steel - Liquid cooling protective armour
* 5 mm Steel - Wing leading edge armour
* 8 mm Steel - Engine nacelle fore and aft plates

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|BK 5 (50 mm)|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 50 mm BK 5 cannon, nose-mounted (22 rpg)
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, nose-mounted (350 rpg = 700 total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 13 mm MG 131 machine gun, 2 x beam turrets (500 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Well protected nose and pilot
* 50 mm gun is capable of destroying heavy tanks (AP belt) and any kind of planes with a single shot (Air targets belt)
* Very accurate 50 mm gun, if used properly
* Good climbing rate and starting position, suitable for ground attack or intercepting bombers
* 2x13mm turret cover huge vertical angle
* Good in steep dives, has air brakes
* Can fly with one engine

'''Cons:'''

* Big plane, a perfect target for enemy fighters
* Fighting other planes requires good aiming skills
* Can't rely much on AI gunner, no good armour
* Very slow turning speed
* 600 km/h at 6,750 m is good, but in reality, you'll be equal or slower than Su-6 at lower heights
* Rather low ammo count for the 50 mm, inexperienced pilot can waste 22 shots pretty quick

== History ==


=== In-game description ===
April 1944 saw the Me 410 B version replace the Me 410 A on the assembly lines. The main distinction of this variant was its Daimler-Benz DB 603G twelve-cylinder, liquid-cooled engine. The new engines had an increased boost and compression ratio, which allowed a takeoff power of 1,900 hp.

The aircraft's armament was reinforced. The pair of 7.92 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 17 machine guns mounted in the nose section were replaced with the same number of the more powerful and efficient 13 mm large-calibre Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 131 machine guns.

Me 410 B planes could now have two additional 300-litre fuel tanks suspended under their wing panels, and the main landing gear legs were extended.

Just as it was in the case of the Me 410 A, two main versions of the aircraft saw full-scale production: the Me 410 B-1 high-speed bomber and the Me 410 B-2 "destroyer". Various Rüstsatz and Umbausatz kits were used on these aircraft.

The Me 410 B-1/U2 and the Me 410 B-1/U4 had armament corresponding to the same versions of the A-1 modification: either a pair of 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons (the U2 kit), or a 50 mm Rheinmetall BK 5 cannon (the U4 kit).

The Me 410 B-2/U2 version of the aircraft had a WB 151 ventral container with two more 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons.

In addition to the 50 mm Rheinmetall BK 5 cannon mounted in the bomb bay, Me 410 B-2/U4 planes had a pair of 30 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 103 cannons installed. To make room, their 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannon and 13 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 131 machine guns were removed. About a hundred such kits were delivered to the Luftwaffe's troops on the front lines.

Several more "field modification kits" for the Me 410 B-2 were developed for the purpose of fighting Allied bombers. The R2 kit included a WB 108 container with two 30 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 108 cannons. The R3 kit also allowed the mounting of additional 30 mm cannons of a different type (Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 103) in a WB 103 container.

In addition to a WB 151 container, planes equipped with the R4 kit received two additional 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons mounted under the fuselage. Planes with the R5 kit received a container with four Mauser MG 151/20 cannons, mounted in the bomb bay.

In April 1944, several Me 410 B-2/U4 aircraft received a 37 mm Rheinmetall BK 3.7 aircraft anti-tank cannon for trial.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/227208-messerschmitt-me-410-b-2u4/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer BFW}}
{{Germany strike aircraft}}

D3A1

2021-04-16T18:15:11Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=d3a1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese dive bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,900 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 417 || 408 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 30.0 || 30.6 || 6.4 || 6.4 || rowspan="2" | 232
|-
! Upgraded
| 443 || 430 || 28.5 || 29.2 || 11.1 || 8.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 458 || 429 || 280 || ~12 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 330 || < 360 || < 380 || > 315
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 1,700 m || 1,065 hp || 1,118 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The D3A1 lacks any armour protection, but its three fuel tanks are self-sealing. One is located beneath the pilot, and the other two are in the wings, one in each wing. The gunner is exposed (his head sticks out of the aircraft).

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

* When grinding the D3A1 it's preferred to focus on grinding for the performance as the bomb load is already unlocked. The armaments should be focus last as performance is the key trait of the D3A1.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Type 97 navy (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 7.7 mm Type 97 navy machine guns, nose-mounted (900 rpg = 1,800 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|Navy Type 97 Number 6 (60 kg)|Navy Type Number 25 Model 2 (250 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 1 x 250 kg Navy Type Number 25 Model 2 bomb + 2 x 60 kg Navy Type 97 Number 6 bombs (370 kg total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|Type 92 (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 7.7 mm Type 92 machine gun, dorsal turret (1,000 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

The D3A1 is Japan's early dive bomber, a highly manoeuvrable aircraft that is able to outturn a lot of enemies and avoid bursts of fire. Having a small turn radius gives the D3A1 a chance to defend itself by getting on the tail of enemy, but if the enemy is smart enough and doesn't try to turn with the D3A1, they can run away from the D3A1 after it has lost a bit of speed in turning around to get on the tail. But the D3A1 can still get in a couple of hits.

D3A1 is capable of carrying a modest bomb load which is similar to early versions of [[Ju 87 (Family)|Ju 87]]. But it's also similar in terms of firepower as well with 2 x 7.7 mm [[Type 97 navy (7.7 mm)|Type 97 navy]] machine guns which can be used to defend itself from enemies, but also strafe light targets like AA/howitzer postions and light armoured vehicles like trucks and SPAA. D3A1 also has a defensive [[Type 92 (7.7 mm)|Type 92]] machine gun mounted on the back, the gunner has an impressive area of cover which eliminates most dead zones that other dive bombers and some bombers have.

Main use of the D3A1 is dive bombing, that is where its strength lies, knocking out ground targets in ground battles or the AI targets in air battles, being able to dive near ground using the air brakes for accurate drop of bombs. After dropping bombs the D3A1 can be used as a fighter, but keep in mind that it has a relatively unprotected pilot and gunner, which makes it easy for enemy fighters and vehicles on the ground with AA-mounted machine guns to knock these out. The plane does not react well to being hit as well but it can still function relatively well even when damaged and can still put up a fight. Aircraft and vehicles equipped with 12.7 mm and above will make a quick work of the D3A1 either by getting the pilots or vital parts of the plane but also to set it on fire. 7.92 mm and below can also pose a threat if there is more than 1 mainly.

'''Enemies to be aware of:'''

* [[He 100 D-1]]
* [[P-400]]
* [[Bf 109 E-1]]
* [[I-153 M-62]]
* [[P-66]]
* [[H-81A-2]]

These kinds of enemies can easily outclimb and outspeed the D3A1 except the I-153 which can outturn D3A1 with ease. But the rest possesses greater firepower and speed than the D3A1 being able to Boom-n-Zoom the plane and run away fast, giving the D3A1 no chance to defend itself with its offensive machine guns.

;Tip for taking off in simulator battles:

Hands-off carrier take-off (Auto engine control, no secondary weapons):

* Start engine
* Flaps: raised
* Elevator trim: 8% up
* Aileron trim: 0%
* Rudder trim: 21% right
* WEP throttle
* hands off controls until your plane lifts off the carrier.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* '''D'''3A for Carrier-based dive bomber:
** 250 kg + 2 x 60 kg
** Bomber airspawn
** Airbrakes
* Common Navy plane construction:
** Nose mounted armament
** Excellent manoeuvrability

'''Cons:'''

* '''D'''3A for Carrier-based dive bomber:
** Has bomb cradle, significant delay in fuselage bomb drop
** Not good for bombing bases
* Common Navy plane construction:
** Poor offensive armament: [[Type 97 navy (7.7 mm)|7.7 mm Type 97 MG]]
** Poor defensive armament: [[Type 92 (7.7 mm)|7.7 mm Type 92 MG]]
** Fragile, little armour, and no self-sealing fuel tanks
** Exposed tail gunner
* '''{{PAGENAME}}''' Specific:
** Payload is rather weak
** Payload must be researched; does not come stock

== History ==


=== In-game description ===
The single-engine carrier-based Aichi D3A dive bomber, a metal-construction monoplane, was created by order of Japan's Supreme Command of Naval Aviation to replace the obsolete D1A biplane. The shape of the wing and tail, as well as the presence of special dive brake flaps, came from the German aircraft company Heinkel, which was in active partnership with Aichi.

A D3A prototype was ready in late 1937, and mass production of the D3A1 began in 1940. A Kinsey 43 engine producing 1000 horsepower was used, and the aircraft's armament consisted of two synchronous 7.7 mm machine guns over the engine and one hand-operated machine gun with the radio operator at the rear of the cab. The wings had folding wingtips and duralumin sheeting, and the ailerons and flaps were covered with fabric.

During the first half of the Second World War, the D3A, along with the B5N Kate, were the main strike force of the Japanese fleet. At the time the D3A1 could be considered one of the best dive-bombers in the world. No other dive bomber had characteristics that were even close, until the arrival of the American Dauntless and Helldiver.

All in all, 470 D3A1s were produced.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=japan&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=bomber&vehicle=d3a1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|AW9Gjrax8Zg|'''The Shooting Range #53''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 06:58 discusses the D3A.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/98014-aichi-d3a1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Aichi}}
{{Japan bombers}}

N1K1

2021-04-16T18:02:14Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = Japanese fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = N1K (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=n1k1_kyuofu
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese hydroplane fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.65 "Way of the Samurai"]].

The Allied reporting name for this aircraft was "Rex".

The N1K1 can be a great low rank fighter. Even though its flight characteristics may seem poor at first, there are several ways you can improve them on the battlefield.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The N1K1 doesn't have great flight characteristics. With an average turn time and rate of climb, it can struggle against other planes at its BR. However, removing the floats can significantly help its turn time.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 473 || 462 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 19.9 || 20.6 || 11.5 || 11.5 || rowspan="2" | 500
|-
! Upgraded
| 507 || 489 || 18.1 || 19.0 || 19.2 || 14.9
|-
|}

====Details====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 394 || 387 || 350 || ~7 || ~7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 430 || < 300 || < 400 || > 324
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 1,600 m || 1,440 hp || 1,607 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,000 m || 1,280 hp || 1,428 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The survivability of the {{PAGENAME}} is to be expected of Japanese planes. With non-effective self-sealing fuel tanks, it won't survive a lot of shots, specially if it catches on fire.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Type 99 Model 1 navy (20 mm)|Type 97 navy (7.7 mm)|l1=Type 99 Model 1 (20 mm)|l2=Type 97 (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm Type 99 Model 1 navy cannons, wing-mounted (100 rpg = 200 total)
* 2 x 7.7 mm Type 97 navy machine guns, nose-mounted (550 rpg = 1,100 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|Navy Type 97 Number 6 (60 kg)|l1=Type 97 No.6 (60 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 60 kg Navy Type 97 Number 6 bombs (120 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==


The N1K1, though adequate for most situations, can be a pretty difficult aircraft to master. Its poor turn times and climb rates can make you vulnerable at low altitude.

If someone is to use this aircraft in battle, he must take advantage of his guns. They can be pretty powerful, so boom-and-zoom attacks would be recommended. You should avoid turn-fights, specially with British aircraft, though you should be able to out-turn some German aircraft.

===Manual Engine Control===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil
! Water
! Type
|-
| Controllable || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Separate || rowspan="2" | Controllable 2 gears || rowspan="2" | Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Centre float can protect the plane from attacks from below.
* You can ram other planes with the float (esp. the wings).
* Can be a great boom-and-zoom aircraft.
* Self-sealing fuel tanks and armour, a feature not found on many low-rank Japanese aircraft.
* Powerful 20 mm cannons.
* More ammo for the cannons compared to the [[A6M2]] (200 vs 120).
* Accelerates very fast in a dive, and retains the speed created in a dive for quite a while.

'''Cons:'''

* Poor climb-rate and turn time with floats on.
* Average acceleration and top speed can make you vulnerable.
* 7.7 mm machine guns overheat easily.
* Long takeoff run on the water.

== History ==

{{main|N1K (Family)|l1=History of the N1K}}
===Development===
With the start of the Sino-Japanese war, the navy required a new line of planes for the southern expansion. One of these required planes by the navy was a fighter seaplane. Before World War I, it was not uncommon for seaplanes to play a central role in combat missions, but closing into World War II seaplanes were usually only used for observation and reconnaissance missions.

This plane was thought to be needed as some islands simply didn't have enough place for an airfield and were too trivial to send aircraft carriers towards. Which at the time of the Japanese situation seemed like a proper investment.

In September of 1940 the Imperial Japanese Navy instructed Kawanishi, who were quite experienced in developing seaplanes, to make a prototype plane under the name of ''{{Annotation|15-Shi|15th year of the Showa reign, 1940}} Seaplane Fighter''.

The chief design engineer appointed for this specification was Shizuo Kikuhara, who also worked on the [[H8K2]]. Kikuhara and his team were up to quite a task as comparing this specification to the [[A6M2 mod. 11]] that was just put into service in China. The speed exceeded by {{Annotation|30 knots|56 km/h; 34 mph}}, cruising range was two-thirds, armament was equal.

Simply put, the team was required to make a seaplane with the same performance as of the new main fighter and particularly the speed requirement was almost unrealizable for a seaplane (in 1940) let alone a interceptor like the ''Raiden'' which its prototype (J2M1) barely had a top speed of 578 km/h.

The maximum speed of the first completed prototype N1K missed the requirement by nearly 100 km/h, but Shizuo Kikuhara and his team would put all their technical efforts to achieve the requirement.

[[Template:AirManufacturer Nakajima|Nakajima]] also made a seaplane fighter of their own as temporarily bridge for the N1K until it actually entered service. This seaplane was simply making use of the new [[A6M2 mod. 11]], making it more waterproof and adding pontoons on it. The [[A6M2-N]] would be adopted as the ''Type 2 seaplane fighter'' on July 6, 1942.

After alot of development and trail time the '''[[N1K1]]''' with a ''Kasei 13'' engine would finally be adopted as the '''Kyōfū''' in December 21, 1943.

But during its adoption, the Americans already were waging a victory in the Solomon islands and the need for a seaplane fighter was no longer needed as Japan was on the defensive now.

===Usage===
Some Kyōfū's were based in Indonesia and were used as a interceptor of bombers with the use of aerial bombs that would detonate after a short time attempting to bomb American bombers such as [[B-24/PB4Y (Family)|B-24/PB4Y]]'s and [[B-29A-BN|B-29]]'s.

Other Kyōfū's were stationed in the mainland, primarly at Sasebo Air Group and the Otsu Air Group but have almost no record of battle.

In the end, the Kyōfū was little too late as its stopgap replacement, the [[A6M2-N]], primarily filled its role. However this indirectly opened its way to evolve in the [[N1K (Family)|Shiden]].

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|DB5HNIwxzPI|How to Turn the N1K1 Kyofu into a Shiden ''By: -Juno- TakaLeon''}}

== See also ==


;;Related Development

* [[N1K1]] - (Kyofu Model 11; Base hydroplane model)
* [[N1K1-Ja]] - (Shiden Model 11A; N1K1-J with 7.7mm's removed from the fuselage and 4x20mm in the wings)
* [[N1K2-J]] - (Shiden Kai Model 21; Redesigned wings and fuselage)
* [[N1K2-Ja]] - (Shiden Kai Model 21A; More powerful engine, larger prop)


== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/342003-n1k1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[Wikipedia:Kawanishi_N1K|[Wikipedia<nowiki>]</nowiki> Kawanishi N1K]]

{{AirManufacturer Kawanishi}}
{{Japan fighters}}

BM-13N

2021-04-15T19:30:06Z

U98661543: New gunsight added

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_bm_13n
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=items_BM-13N (USSR)
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{specs|name}}''' is a premium gift Rank {{specs|rank}} Soviet tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}} also known as "Katyusha". It was introduced during [[Update 1.67 "Assault"]] as part of the [[wt:en/news/4687-vday-bm-13n-say-hello-from-katyusha-en|2017 Victory Day Event]]. The vehicle is unlocked during the event by destroying five vehicles using the [[BM-8-24]]. It later returned as part of the [[wt:en/news/7007-market-trophies-with-a-user-created-hot-tracks-camouflage-en|Hot Tracks trophy]] and is currently only obtainable from different trophies or the [[War Thunder Market|marketplace]] via a coupon.

One of the most unusual vehicle in game, to say the least. Not only is its truck-based configuration not the most common, it also uses 16 x 132 mm M13 rockets as a main armament, has limited traverse, only 2 crew member, and a gun depression of +8°. The last is somewhat compensated by its ability to lean forwards with a [[hydropneumatic suspension|hydropneumatic suspension system]] found on some Rank 5 vehicles. Its gameplay is somewhat comparable to other unique premium machines such as the [[Calliope|T34 ''Calliope'']] or [[Panzerwerfer 42]], but remains a rather unique experience.

The Katyusha is an artillery piece, belonging more in an artillery formation than in a tank battle. One should stay at a distance from the enemy since its rockets have a blind zone of about 250 meters in front of the truck when moving on a flat surface. This is best used as it was back in the days: to support allies. Best used in RB, it is a nasty surprise.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (Roof)
* Structural steel (Chassis and driver's cabin)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Chassis || 5 mm || 5 mm || 5 mm || 5 mm
|-
| Cabin || 1 mm (77-86°) ''Hood'' 4 mm (38°) ''Driver's windows'' || 1 mm (1-8°) || 4 mm (86°) || 4 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Wheels are 2 mm thick.
* No armour in front grille, simple 7.62 mm machine gun rounds can enter and damage the engine.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 134|rbMinHp= 83}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M13}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M13|132 mm M13 rockets]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 16 || rowspan="2" | +8°/+45° || rowspan="2" | ±10° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 4.2 || 5.8 || 10.4 || 11.5 || 12.2 || rowspan="2" | 10.4 || rowspan="2" | 9.2 || rowspan="2" | 8.5 || rowspan="2" | 8.0
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 4.2 || 4.9 || 6.0 || 6.6 || 7.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| M-13 || Rocket || 40 || 40 || 40 || 40 || 40 || 40
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| M-13 || Rocket || 355 || 42 || 0.0 || 0.1 || 4,900 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo

! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''16''' || No
|-
|}
Notes:

* Rockets deplete right to left, columns first

== Usage in battles ==


There are two main ways to use the Katyusha:

'''''Artillery''''' 
This truck is a real killer in an open field, provided it could hit its target before it is noticed. Since its main sight lack ranging marks, one should estimate the correct angle, shoot a rocket, watch where it lands, adjust fire, retry it as many time as it needs. Do not take too much time at range finding since a single shot can end your day. Once the correct angle is found, '''unleash hell''' on your enemies, blinding them with dust lifting up from the ground, detonating ammo racks and blasting off tracks. This is basically an intelligent artillery barrage. Once all rockets are fired, fall back behind ally lines, find a captured objective to reload at, repeat.

'''''Ambusher''''' 
Best used in an urban combat scenario, when your team is losing. In these kind of times, enemies often rush the base/objectives without watching corners very well. This is your chance: find yourself a pile of rubble and lift the rear of the truck on it in such a way that you can fire right in front of you, past the corner. When an enemy passes by, spread it with rockets until it dies, using your good rate of fire. This tactic is often a last resort since you're cornered and encircled, you may kill 1 or more enemy if you're lucky but you will eventually be spotted or run out of rockets.

When firing, try to aim for these:

* '''Tank's bellies''': since almost no tank has more than 40 mm of armour underneat, it can disable them.
* '''Tracks''': To immobilize your foes, providing your allies a chance to finish them off. Some tanks store ammo over the tracks, it can detonate them.
* '''Gun barrel''': Blasting off your ennemy's gun barrell will incapacitate it from effectively firing back at your allies.
* '''Engine deck''': Can disable a tank's engine, in the best case scenario igniting it.
* '''Turret front'''/ '''Commander's hatch''': Many tanks have weak top armour, use it to your advantage.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* Powerful 132 mm rockets that can pierce 40 mm of steel
* High fire rate
* Moderate speed
* High velocity rockets
* Adjustable suspension
* Can be used in deceptions: A similar model is used as decorations on some maps, without rockets and add-on armour plate is lifted, which may allow the player to hide. Works better when in group of 2 or more.
* Relatively rare vehicle to see on the battlefield, thus it has a certain element of surprise.

'''Cons:'''

* Horribly protected against artillery and planes, team kills are frequent due to this
* Distinguishable firing signature
* Lacks of other armaments beside rockets
* Bad gun traverse
* Low rocket supply of 16
* Technically has the worst gun depression in game of +8°
* Large dead zone in front of vehicle up to 250 meters on default suspension adjustment
* The only 2 crew members are barely protected
* Little to no armour, as expected from a truck
* Effectively built and intended as an indirect fire weapon, but no game mechanics exist in War thunder currently to support this playstyle.
* No additional camouflages available

== History ==

===Development===
The concept of a multiple rocket launcher system came about in June 1938, when the Soviet Jet Propulsion Research Institute was authorized by the Main Artillery Directorate to develop such system for the RS-132 rocket in use on their aircraft. A prototype by I. Gvay in Chelyabinsk was tried and fired M-132 rockets on ZiS-5 trucks, though these were unstable and were revised on the proposals of V.N. Galkovskiy to mount the launching rails longitudinally. Testing for the newly made prototype began at the end of 1938, firing 233 rounds in a couple of salvos. The rockets were found to be able to hit up to 5,500 meters out, but the system was not looked fondly upon by the artillery branch. It took 50 minutes to load 24 rockets onto the launching rail, while a regular artillery cannon and howitzer can fire about a hundred in the same time at a sustained rate.

Testing continued up until 1940 and with a prototype of a truck with the launch rails on the back. The design was approved for production before Germany invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941, and mass-production began after the first month of the war, where the multiple rocket launchers proved very successful. During the war, the launchers were taken with much secrecy and operated by specialized troops such as the NKVD who do not even know its true name. Through the presence of a "K" on the vehicles from the Komintern Factory, the soldiers operating decided to nickname these launchers ''"Katyusha"'' after a popular wartime song of the same name. Up to 3,237 of all types of Katyusha launchers were produced from 1941 to the end of 1942, and more than 10,000 were made by the end of the war.

===Advantages and disadvantages===
Compared to the contemporary artillery systems of the time, the multiple rocket launcher system presented a different kind of artillery barrages used in the field. Advantages the multiple rocket launcher was that they were simple, extremely effective in saturation bombardment, fires lots of ordnance in a small time span, and were usually attached to mobile vehicles that can permit a quick retreat after firing to prevent counter-battery firing. Disadvantages with the system was that the rockets took a long time to reload, less accurate than regular artillery guns, and cannot sustain fire for a long period of time. However, in the battlefield, the multiple rocket launcher induces a greater psychological effect onto the targets on the receiving end due to the heavy amount of explosives able to be delivered in a short time. A battery of only four launchers could deliver their salvos of about 4.35 tons of explosives in a span of no longer than 10 seconds at a 400,000 square meter area.

===Designations===
Multiple variants of the multiple rocket launcher system were made in the course of the war as the design is simply the attachment of launch rails onto a variety of vehicles. Each vehicle has different names that follows a template to distinguish their types.

* "BM-x-y" indicates a ground vehicle.
* "M-x-y" indicates a towed variant.
* "y-M-x" indicates a naval variant.

and "x" stands for the missile model while "y" stands for the number of launch rails available for the launcher variant. For example, the BM-8-24 indicates a ground vehicle firing M-8 rockets with 24 rails available to mount on.

Vehicles using the Katyusha launchers range from trucks, cars, and tanks. The production started with trucks such as the ZiS-6, then moving on to STZ-5 artillery tractors, then on Allied Lend-Lease vehicles. The 82 mm M-8 rockets, which saw service in August 1941, was the most popular rocket variant and saw use on the trucks and even tanks, which would make the '''BM-8-24''' rocket launcher tank mounted on the [[T-60]] light tank. Another attempt with tank mounting was with a [[KV-1 (Family)|KV-1]] heavy tank as the ''KV-1K'', but as a waste of heavy armour, this was scrapped.

===Combat usage===
The Katyusha rocket launchers first saw service during the opening of Operation Barbarossa against Germany. On July 14, 1941, under the experimental battery commanded by Captain Ivan Flyorov, seven launchers were used in Rudnya and were able to cause massive destruction to the Germans in the town before they fled in panic. This success prompted the Red Army to build up more Katyushas in their inventory and raise more batteries and regiments for the vehicle. All these units were under NKVD control for secrecy until the Germans reveal their own multiple rocket launcher system, the Nebelwerfer. The Germans nicknamed the Katyusha launchers ''"Stalin's Orgel"'', literally "Stalin's Organ" after Joseph Stalin and how the launchers are organized in a way which looks like a church organ. This German nickname became widely known in other areas in Western Europe. By the end of 1941, eight regiments and 37 independent battalions were available with a count of 554 Katyushas total.

The rocket launchers continue to become more integrated into the rest of the army as the war continued. Heavy mortar battalions were armed with the newer M-30 rocket launchers with heavy 300 mm M-30 rockets in June 1942. In July, a battalion of rocket launchers was added to the tank corps. The organization and equipment of these mortar battalions equipped with the Katyusha continue to increase and by the end of the war in 57 regiments, about 518 batteries of Katyusha launchers were available.

===Legacy===
The Katyusha launchers, issued in large numbers in the Eastern Front, was largely successful in the strategic effect of the war, granting the Soviet Union the ability to lay down a very heavy and shocking bombardment very quickly. The success of the system prompted many other countries to pursuit such a system as well, such as the modified [[Calliope|T34 Calliope]] based off the Sherman and the Germans [[Panzerwerfer 42]]s. Today, the multiple rocket launcher system is still widespread with the implementation of newer technology, rockets, and missiles that makes the rocket launcher system a very potent weapon to anyone on the receiving end.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=ussr&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=tank_destroyer&vehicle=ussr_bm_13n Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<div><ul>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:Wallpaper BM-13NKatyusha.jpg|300px|none|War Thunder event announcement image]] </li>
</ul></div>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|ifSt7zyLw8o|'''The Shooting Range #47''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 03:28 discusses the BM-13N.|0bWt81vhIyY|'''Katyusha Rocket Artillery''' (sound warning) - ''Colonel Thyran''}}

== See also ==


;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[Calliope]]
* [[Panzerwerfer 42]]
* [[BM-8-24]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/4687-vday-bm-13n-say-hello-from-katyusha-en|[Event] BM-13N: Say Hello from Katyusha!]]
* [[Wikipedia:Katyusha_rocket_launcher|[Wikipedia] Katyusha rocket launcher]]

{{USSR tank destroyers}}
{{USSR premium ground vehicles}}
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

BI

2021-04-12T19:35:40Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=bi
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=items_BI (USSR)
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}, nicknamed "The devil's broomstick". It was introduced during [[Update "Raining Fire"]] as a reward for the [[wt:en/news/6878-event-wargame-strategist-en|2020 Wargame "Strategist" event]], and is currently available for sale on the Marketplace.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 2,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 791 || 786 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 23.2 || 23.2 || 84.7 || 79.1 || rowspan="2" | 300
|-
! Upgraded
|807||799||22.8||23.0||116.6||100.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || X || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || 320 || ~9 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 400 || < 410 || < 550 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="3" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="1" | {{Annotation|Basic Mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Isaev D-1a || 1
| colspan="1" | 924 kg || colspan="2" | 233 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="2" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 0m fuel || 1m fuel
|-
| 300 kg || colspan="2" | Liquid-fuel rocket
| 1,134 kg || 1,629 kg || 1,650 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="3" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 0m fuel || 1m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 1,121 kgf || N/A
| 0.99 || 0.69 || 0.68
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 1,121 kgf (any speed) || N/A
| 0.99 || 0.69 || 0.68
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 5.5 mm steel behind the pilot.
* 5.5 mm steel plate installed in the nose.
* 64 mm bulletproof glass in front of pilot
* Self-sealing fuel tanks* (7 under the cannon barrels, 8 behind pilot, 3 in rear fuselage)

<nowiki>*</nowiki>The fuel tanks are cylinder-shaped, not rectangular, like most planes' fuel tanks, allowing for more fuel tanks.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|ShVAK (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm ShVAK cannons, nose-mounted (45 rpg = 90 total)

== Usage in battles ==

====Fuel management ====
Managing your fuel will allow your endurance to increase from 1 minute 57 seconds to over 13 minutes, only use the fuel you need to use.

To get the longest endurance out of its limited fuel amount, climb from the airfield at an angle of 70-80 degrees, at full throttle and as you hit 3000 meters, change the angle of the attack and throttle back to 30%. Adjust your climb angle to make sure speed is still increasing whilst the height increases too. This will allow you to travel to 5000 plus meters without burning much of your preciouses rocket fuel. This fuel, you will need for later in the battle. Once you have hit 5000 meters, throttle back to 14% and continue to climb and adjust your climb angle again to roughly 16 degrees. You can continue to climb at this angle until you see it fit not to do so.

When you hit the altitude you like, you can throttle back to 0% and just glide, with only minor adjustments to the throttle to keep in you level flight.

==== Descending ====

The key to descending without locking up and crashing is, not to point your nose straight down unlike other aircrafts, the BI is able to gain a lot of speed even in a little descent. When, the BI speed starts going over 700 Km/h pull up slowly and lose it, when you push the nose back down push the rudder all the way to the left or right. If you aren't losing speed fast enough, shift the plane 45 degrees to the left or right, with full rudder movements. This will slow you down.

Due to the BI being able to go over 900 Km/h with ease and locks up at Mach 0.76, descending from height from 5000 meters needs to be calculated based on the battle conditions in the match. If you descend to fast, due to a high angle of attack, you will lock up and crash into the ground, because you will be unable to pull out in time.

A high angle of attack for a descent is around -70 degrees, even using the ruder and shifting the BI to the left and right will not be enough.

A good angle of attack to descend is around -30 to -60, the steeper the angle faster you will go. When you descend keep your throttles at 0%, only when you are pulling out of the dive at the very end, after losing speed, they should be opened carefully.

==== Engaging in combat ====
The BI is similar to the [[Me 163 B|Me 163]] - small amounts of fuel and ammo (low flight endurance) but has astonishing performance, being able to climb 80 degrees vertically. As such it excels in the interceptor role, climbing at a extremely high rate of up to 116.4 meters per second in AB and 100.0 meters per second in RB. Able to shoot down bombers and fighter bombers before exhausting the fuel supply and landing again. Don't be rused by its acceleration into thinking it has a high top speed - the wings and elevators will lock up at mach speed: 0.76 Thus making any manoeuvres and climbs impossible. Flying full throttle at 8000 Meters, will see you rip your wings off in level flight.

Do not try to outrun enemies, in turn fights but instead use your manoeuvrability and acceleration to fight them, your speed & small size will be your only zenith. The BI only has 90 rounds of ammo, 45 rounds per gun. This is not a lot of ammo, you can get up to two kills, without having to reload with well placed shots.
=====Engaging fighters=====
Fighting fighters in combat, aim for the wings and tail, aiming for wings with the limited ammo which the BI has will cause the wing fuel tanks to catch on fire. Aiming for the tail, will see that the tail gets cut clean from the fuselage, unlike a bomber a fighter is smaller and lesser space for fired ammo to miss critical elements.

The enemy fighter, may see you sneaking on him or her, they will bank left or right, do not follow them in the turn, the BI cannot turn fight with out losing it's advantageous speed. Instead, disengage, throttle up, climb and come back around for another pass.

=====Engaging Bombers=====
Fighting bombers, aim for the wings and engines, aiming for the fuselage will unlikely cause any critical hits unless you can hit the flight deck. Aiming for the wings, increases the odds of hitting a wing spar and seeing the wing get ripped off with a short one second salvo. Aiming for engine, will knock the engine out and possibly set fires inside of the wing installed fuel tanks. The larger area with more critical elements increase the odds of doing critical damage with the limited rounds which you have.

Do not stay behind the enemy bomber, their gunners will hit your rocket fuel tanks and will see the BI set on fire. If it is on fire, break off the attack and dive as fast as you can, this will put the fire out. Then head back to the airfield and repair, and refuel.

==== Landing ====
To land the bi, you need to keep about 5 to 10 seconds of fuel in case you need to go around due to a missed approach. When on approach, you will need to lose speed fast, which it can do. This is due to the BI not using the sleek low profile aerodynamic wings, as you find on other jets. However, to do this, you must reduce the speed down to under 420 km/h or your gear will be ripped off making the odds of crashing on landing very high.

To land the BI, flip the plane on it's side, use the rudder during the turns to help cause more fiction with the air, which will start reducing it's speed. Due to the shape of the BI which features great guilder aerodynamics, it is able to fly at high speeds and keep the momentum even without any throttle being active. As soon as the BI touches the ground, apply the breaks and turn the rudder hard left and right to help slow it down.

Landing on short runways, should be avoided or risk crashing at the end, the reason for this if you come into fast or high the BI will bounce, it will bounce to 150 meters or more. Ideally you should head back to the main airfield which has the long landing strip to land on.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Amazing acceleration.
* Great roll rate.
* Excellent manoeuvrability.
* Takes off is very fast.
* Incredible climb rate, can climb at a whopping 70° when spaded.
* Very strong airframe.
* Very small size, makes successfully engaging it very hard.

'''Cons:'''

* Not very well armoured.
* Only has landing flaps.
* Can reach rip speed (Mach 0.81) while travelling in a straight line.
* Very hard to pull out of a dive, due to its great speed.
* Maximum fuel load is only 1 minute and 57 seconds.
* Limited armament, only two ShVAK cannons with 45 rounds each.

== History ==

Test Flight Log:

{| class="wikitable"
!Date
!Place
!Pilot
!Issues
|-
|October, 1941
| Lake Bilimbay
|Grigory Yakovlevich Bakhchivandzhi
|None
|-
|April, 1942
|Koltsove Airfield
|Grigory Yakovlevich Bakhchivandzhi
|None
|-
|May 15th, 1942 19:02 (UTC)
|Koltsove Airfield
|Grigory Yakovlevich Bakhchivandzhi
|Aircraft was damaged because of a hard landing and the pilot was injured.
|-
|March 27th, 1943
|Koltsove Airfield
|Grigory Yakovlevich Bakhchivandzhi
|Aircraft crashed and was severely damaged so the test flights were discontinued.
|}

=== [[wt:en/news/6873-development-crafting-event-strategist-bereznyak-isayev-en|Devblog]] ===
In the early 1940's, the OKB-293 aircraft design bureau began working on a new rocket-propelled aircraft design. The aircraft promised excellent performance figures, although at the expense of range due to the limitations of rocket engines at the time. After the invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941, the design was seen as a potential short-range interceptor design to protect vital Soviet land installations from air raids. Thus, the project was approved for further development work and testing.

Development of the aircraft continued, with several prototypes being made and test flown. However, rapid advancements in aviation technology, especially the appearance of the jet engine, during the war outpaced the development of the BI. Therefore, the aircraft never left the prototype stage and didn't take part in active combat. Instead the aircraft's development served more as a testbed for Soviet rocket propulsion research, with the insights gained being later used for other projects during the Cold War.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=ussr&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=fighter&vehicle=bi Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|INb9VjLxKf0|'''Most unusual aircraft''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 3:44 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|WP9ouDTV81Q|'''A {{PAGENAME}}... to fly''' - ''Napalmratte''|llVOukVt1A4|'''The Shooting Range #218''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:28 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}'''Images'''<gallery mode="packed" caption="BI Devblog Images" heights="200">
File:BI WTWallpaper 001.jpg|
File:BI WTWallpaper 002.jpg|
File:BI WTWallpaper 003.jpg|
File:BI WTWallpaper 004.jpg|
File:BI WTWallpaper 005.jpg|
File:BI WTWallpaper 006.jpg|
</gallery>

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6873-development-crafting-event-strategist-bereznyak-isayev-en|[Devblog] Crafting Event "Strategist": Bereznyak-Isayev]]
* [[wikipedia:Bereznyak-Isayev_BI-1|[Wikipedia] Bereznyak-Isayev BI-1]]

{{USSR jet aircraft}}

La-9

2021-04-12T19:28:35Z

U98661543: Survivability and armour

{{About
| about = Russian fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = Chinese version
| link = La-9 (China)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=la-9
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.37]].

The La-9 main armament consists of four synchronized Nudelman-Suranov NS-23 23 mm cannons located in the upper part of the nose with a total burst mass of 7,90 kg per second(with default belts). The total ammo capacity is only 300 rounds (75 rounds per gun), so make sure the hits count if flying in realistic battle or simulatory battle. The muzzle velocity of the shells lies at 690 ±10 m/s[3].

An important feature of the armament of the Soviet fighter is its ability to either fire the upper pair of cannons or the lower pair of cannons. This becomes particularly useful when in need of conserving ammo in Realistic or Simulator Battles because 2 cannons are still enough to easily destroy any fighter. Only against resistant and well-defended bombers such as the [[B-29A-BN|B-29]] is it really necessary to fire all the guns. When firing all 4 at once, be mindful of the powerful recoil as it tends to lift the nose slightly upwards as well as slowing the plane down, since the nose guns are placed above the centre of gravity (this becomes especially noticeable when the throttle is cut down to 0%). In high G turns this push will allow pilots to turn a bit tighter, making deflection shots easier to some regard. Beware that in Simulator Battles the sudden increase of angle of attack may result in a stall if the aircraft was already being pushed to its limit.

The NS-23 gun possesses a high rate of fire of 10 rounds per second. With four guns those are 40 rounds per second. While the rate of fire is 20% slower then that of ShVAK cannons the higher weight of rounds more than makes up for it in terms of damage output. Combined with low ammo capacity per gun it is crucial to maintaining trigger discipline and fire in short bursts.

The ballistics of the cannons can be considered bad and usually require a lot of time getting used to before becoming proficient with them. The drop and spread of the shells are particularly noticeable when firing at large distances.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,250 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 662 || 644 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 22.1 || 22.7 || 14.3 || 14.3 || rowspan="2" | 550
|-
! Upgraded
|721||690||20.5||21||25.6||19.2
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 490 || 451 || 290 || ~13 || ~8
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 480 || < 340 || < 570 || > 341
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

* 8.5 mm steel behind pilot
* 55 mm bulletproof glass in front of pilot's head
* 66 mm bulletproof glass behind pilot's head
* Self-sealing fuel tanks, with neutral gas pressurization system (1 under pilot's feet, 2 in each wing)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

The two most important modules that should be unlocked as soon as possible are the Offensive 23 mm belts and Engine injection. The first gives access to the devastating air target ammo belt while the second one gives a huge boost to the fighters flight characteristics. Difference between a completely stock and a fully upgraded plane is huge (see screenshots in post below), and the first 50 or so battles will be very challenging.

The recommended order of research is as follows:

# Offensive 23 mm belts
# Radiator
# Compressor
# Engine
# Wings repair
# Engine Injection
# Everything else, based on personal preferences

One other camouflage besides the default one is currently available – Unicolor Grey Camouflage, which requires 350 enemies destroyed while in the La-9 to be unlocked.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|NS-23 (23 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 23 mm NS-23 cannons, nose-mounted (75 rpg = 300 total)

== Usage in battles ==

'''Arcade Battles''': As all planes, the La-9 has a boosted Flight Model (FM) in the Arcade mode, which allows for better overall performance, from speed and climb rate to manoeuvrability. It performs best at an altitude of 3400 m and below. The main reason for this is the absence of War Emergency Power (WEP) at altitudes above 4000 m. To be able to use WEP at altitudes between 3,400 m – 4,000 m it is necessary to maintain a good speed.

In terms of top speed, a fully upgraded La-9 is among the fastest planes at sea level in the game, allowing it to easily outrun most opponents. The acceleration is good even without WEP, but with it, becomes amazing, however, keep in mind not to overuse it and thus overheating the engine. Although it can be cooled off easily by lowering the throttle, thanks to the ASH-82FN being an air-cooled engine, once overheated both the top speed as well as acceleration take a noticeable loss in performance.

The La-9 is not a particularly manoeuvrable plane and should avoid dogfights in most cases as even if won, they are likely to take long enough and leave the plane low on speed – a tempting target for other enemy fighters.

The climb rate of the plane is great until the fighter reaches 4000 m after which it becomes somewhat moderate in comparison to other planes at rank IV, due to the absence of WEP at higher altitudes. The best IAS (Indicated airspeed) for climbing is 250 km/h.

Another important trait of this fighter is its energy retention, in arcade battles, it is possible to safely dive from 4,000 m to 1,000 m and still be able to recover all that altitude, it also helps to keep flying at above max speed after a dive longer than the average competition at its level.

[[File:DataImage_Arcade La-9 speeds.png|framed|right|Maximum true airspeed (TAS) depending on altitude in arcade battle]]
In Ground Strike battles, La-9 pilots have two choices: 
Helping to secure altitude and bomber hunting/escorting – A high risk/high reward option, best attempt this if the La-9 is almost or already fully upgraded. At the start of the battle side climb for a bit, but don't get too separated from friendly fighters that are also climbing. It is important to avoid the initial clash since the La-9 isn't very manoeuvrable and with numerous enemies flying around – an easy target. Instead, provide cover for one of the more nimble teammates that have engaged in a dogfight. Once air superiority has been established, either pursue enemy bombers or escort friendly bombers by shooting down any climbing attackers. Should the team fail in establishing air superiority, don't stay up high as the La-9 gets outperformed by most fighters at higher altitudes. Focus on any enemy bombers within reach and then proceed to the second option.

'''Covering ground targets and attacking low flying enemies''' – A relatively low risk/decent reward option, the most appropriate when the player doesn't have the plane upgraded (i.e. when it is in "stock" condition). The best way to do this is to fly the La-9 an altitude of 2,000 m - 3,000 m and to position it either at the flanks of the map or directly in front of friendly fighter spawn. A certain distance is to be kept from the core of the enemy airspace, whilst attacking low flying bombers and attackers to protect friendly ground targets, or whilst finding and engaging a furball from above and performing Boom and Zoom attacks on the enemy fighters below. In case of danger, speeding away towards the enemy team's fighter spawn ought to resolve any issues.

'''Domination mode''' is arguably the best mode for the La-9 because most enemies are flying below 4,000 m and are thus always allowing the fighter to perform at its best. The approach to Domination battles is always simple yet effective. With the plane above contested airspace at around 2,500 m altitude, one should dive down on an enemy, shoot and extend towards teammates. Once safe, it is time to regain altitude and repeat the process. The La-9 is also capable of quickly capturing airfields since it's powerful 23 mm cannons can be fired to use the recoil as a quasi-airbrake.

In the '''Realistic''' and '''Simulator''' modes the FM of the La-9 is no longer boosted in any way. However, the plane is still at its best below 4000 m, as the WEP is unavailable above 4000 m just as in the arcade mode. The speeds required to apply WEP at altitudes from 3000 m to 4000 m vary slightly from those in AB, but the main idea remains the same – high speed is required.

In realistic and simulator battles start by climbing to an altitude of 2,500 m (if cloudy) or 3,000 m (if the weather is clear). Climbing higher than that is only advised if not alone as the La-9 will be outperformed at high altitude by most enemies. The key to success in the La-9 is teamwork, so consider squading up with a friend. Since it is a bad idea to dogfight, try to get an enemies attention by acting as bait and lure him down to sea level instead. Once the enemy loses his altitude advantage, it is time for the squadmate to attack. Once low, the pursuer won't be able to either catch the bait or escape your ally – presenting themselves as an easy target. Be also sure to target any enemies that are flying low, if the La-9 has an altitude advantage use Boom & Zoom tactics, if the plane is on the same low altitude as the enemy, perform high-speed fly-bys.

[[File:DataImage_Realistic and Simulator La-9 speeds.png|framed|right|Maximum speed (TAS) depending on altitude in RB/SB]]
Even if not as fast as in arcade battle, it remains among the fastest fighters at low altitude in RB and SB, while also having great acceleration with WEP applied. Keep in mind that this only applies, if the engine isn't overheated – to cool it off, lower the throttle; it will only take a couple of seconds.

Both the manoeuvrability and the climb rate take a drop in performance as well, but the general rule stays the same. Try to avoid dogfights and don't climb above 4,000 m unless not alone or there are no enemies above the La-9. The best IAS for climbing remains 250 km/h.

While the energy retention of the La-9 after a dive in RB and SB is great, one shouldn't dive for more 2 -2,5 km at a time, because the plane quickly reaches its maximum allowed speed of 850 km/h IAS or roughly 910 km/h TAS (true airspeed, default speed measurement). Not only that but at speeds above 750 km/h IAS it becomes hard to pull up from a dive due to noticeable control stiffening.

A separate characteristic of the fighter which only really comes into play in RB and SB is the minimal amount of fuel a player can take into battle, which is currently enough for 45 minutes of flight time. In prolonged matches it allows the La-9 to simply outlast its enemies. Once around half of the fuel is consumed an increase of the fighters speed, climb rate, but most importantly roll rate becomes noticeable which is likely to come in handy late game.

This last feature is currently only really useful for SB players. The La-9 is currently one of the planes for which the canopy of the cockpit can be opened to improve the visibility at the expense of some top speed.

====Specific enemies worth noting====

When fighting [[:Category:Germany aircraft|German aircraft]], the toughest opposition will be late [[Bf 109 K-4|Bf 109's]] and aircraft of the [[Fw 190 D-12|Fw 190 D series]] (together with their cousin, the [[Ta 152 H-1]]).

The former are deadly opponents above 4,000 m that are well capable of outmanoeuvring the La-9 due to the Soviet fighter's absence of WEP at high altitudes, having also an advantage in regards to climb rate. This leaves the La-9 pilot with two options, either acting as bait - making the 109 loose energy and become vulnerable - or diving down. At lower altitudes, the La-9 regains a fighting chance, but it is usually a tense battle where the deciding factor will be the pilot's individual skill. Don't forget to use combat flaps.

Fw 190 D series/Ta-152 – similar to the Bf 109, these German aircraft possess a climb and also a speed advantage above 4000 m. However, they will be out-turned by the La-9 in the horizontal, though it may take a while. At lower altitudes, these planes are easy targets as they hold no significant advantages, except for roll rate and considerable firepower. It is unwise to perform head-on attacks against them.

When fighting [[:Category:Britain aircraft|British aircraft]], naturally, different tactics are to be employed.

Late [[Spitfire_(Family)|Spitfires]], such as the [[Spitfire F Mk XVIIIe|Mk. XVIIIe]] or the [[Spitfire F Mk 22|Mk. 22]] variants, can easily out-do the La-9 in the department of turn radius, so employing turn-heavy tactics is heavily discouraged. Their well-performing Rolls-Royce Griffon engines also grant them a better output at a higher altitude, which means that fighting above 4,000 m for the La-9 puts the Soviet pilot at a disadvantage. These Spitfires, however, are not as fast as the La-9 nor do they manoeuvre as well at high speed. Therefore, engagements against these aircraft should consist of Boom & Zoom and Boom & Run oriented tactics.

The [[Tempest Mk II]] is of all piston-engine enemies, the La-9's most deadly adversary. Any opportunity to engage one in an advantageous situation should be seized - lest the Tempest is given the upper hand and the La-9 becomes prey. Unlike other piston-engine planes, the Tempest is among those few planes that can rival the La-9 in terms of top-speed at lower altitudes. Climb rate and turn rates are similar, but the British fighter has the edge. To defeat one, very skilful defensive flying is required. The best course of action is to set the Tempest up for an attack on a teammate. One factor that can prove to decide on both sides is knowing how to use Manual Engine Controls.

====Counter-tactics====

The best way to fight the La-9 is by exploiting its weaknesses – poor manoeuvrability in dogfights and poor high altitude performance. If flying a more manoeuvrable plane (F8F-1B, Spitfires, Ki-84, N1K2 or Yak-9UT), turn-intensive tactics are recommended. If the La-9 commits to it, it would be easy to destroy it, if not, one ought to climb and employ the tactics recommendable when flying less manoeuvrable fighters.

A less nimble plane (Fw 190, Bf 109 K, F7F etc.) should, once above 4000 m hold on to that altitude and get in position for Boom & Zoom runs. The only way to catch the La-9, if it is going at full speed at low altitude, is by diving on one, so an altitude advantage is a key to success.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent performance at low altitudes(< 3,400 m)
* Amazing top speed at low altitudes
* Great energy retention
* Powerful nose-mounted weaponry
* Responsive control surfaces
* Sturdy Damage Model
* Very good acceleration (especially with WEP enabled)
* High rate of fire
* Ability to fire only half the guns (enabling better ammo conservation and recoil control)

'''Cons:'''

* Maneuverability not good enough for dog fights with most opponents
* Poor performance at higher altitudes (> 4,000 m)
* Low ammo capacity
* Powerful recoil
* Bad overall ballistics of the NS-23 guns
* Poor cockpit visibility

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

=== In-game description ===
A single-seat all-metal cantilever monoplane fighter.

Continuing the line of the La-5/La-7 fighters, the designers of the Lavochkin Design Bureau wanted to remove all of the wood from the aircraft's construction and create an all-metal fighter. In early 1946, prototype fighter 130 was built, to be launched into full-scale production under the designation of La-9 (Product 48) after the tests had been passed.

The La-9 was a new plane, not just an upgrade of the La-7 with metal parts instead of wooden ones. The La-9 had differently shaped monospar wings with laminar flow airfoils. This plane did not have leading edge slats. The weight savings gained by replacing wood with duralumin enabled the designers to mount five fuel tanks on the aircraft and increase the total fuel capacity.

The La-9's cockpit was more spacious than the La-7's, and its canopy required less framing and provided better visibility. By pressurizing the cockpit and the power unit compartment, one of the main shortcomings of the Lavochkins - the high temperature in the pilot's cockpit during engine operation - was finally overcome. Also, the aircraft's instrumentation system was brought into line with worldwide standards. A radio compass, an attitude indicator, and an identification-friend-or-foe transponder enabled the aircraft to be piloted and engage in dogfights even in difficult weather conditions.

The La-9 had a Shvetsov ASh-82FN fourteen-cylinder two-row radial air-cooled fuel-injected engine producing a maximum power of 1,850 hp.

The plane's armament consisted of four synchronous 23mm Nudelman-Suranov NS-23S cannons with 75 rounds each. A Fairchild gun camera mounted on the right wing panel was used to direct shooting and for training purposes. Later it was replaced with an S-13, its Soviet counterpart, which was placed in the fairing over the cockpit windshield.

Production of the La-9 continued until 1949. A total of 1,882 planes were manufactured. Troops in the Soviet Air Force began to receive the new fighters in 1947. The La-9 did not remain in service for long, since the Air Force quickly switched to jet technology. The early 1950s saw the beginning of the mass handover of piston fighters for warehousing and conservation, as well as the re-equipping of fighting troops with MiG-15 jet aircraft.

In addition to flying with the Soviet Air Force, La-9 fighters remained in service with the People's Liberation Army Air Force of China until 1959, laying the foundation for the new Chinese Air Force. When the Korean War began, the La-9 was being supplied to the North Korean Air Force. The first planes were received in September and October 1950. During the final stage of the war, the Koreans used the La-9s as light night bombers. When bomb racks were mounted, the fighter could carry two 50-kg bombs. After the war, La-9s were in service with the Korean People's Army Air Force until the end of the 50s.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=ussr&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=fighter&vehicle=la-9 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|4v3fxupuZPA|'''Last piston fighters''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 2:57 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

[https://forum.warthunder.ru/index.php?/topic/117272-%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82-%D0%BB%D0%B0-9/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance (Russian Forum)]

{{AirManufacturer Lavochkin}}
{{USSR fighters}}

Pe-2-205

2021-04-11T17:05:56Z

U98661543: /* Survivability and armour */

{{About
| about = gift Russian dive bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = Pe-2 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=pe-2-205
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27. It was available for purchase in the store as a [[wt:en/news/52--en|Peshka starter kit]] as soon as September 2012 until it was removed from the Gaijin store after the Clearance sale in November 2016. It was later obtainable from the [[Warbonds]] shop during January 2018 and was made temporarily available in-game for golden eagles ({{GE}}) during the [[wt:en/news/6048-event-defender-of-the-fatherland-en|2019 "Defender of the Fatherland"]] and [[wt:en/news/7054-event-defender-of-the-fatherland-en|2021 "Defender of the Fatherland"]] mini-events.

The Pe-2 (or "Peshka", as it was nicknamed) is one of the fastest bombers in its battle rating. It relies on its speed and outstanding manoeuvrability (for a bomber) to evade interception. While its defensive armament is acceptable, it should only rely on its gunners as a last resort. The 12.7 mm UBT heavy machine guns covering the rear can be quite effective, but the waist 7.62 mm ShKAS machine guns are not very useful.

The Pe-2 is only capable of carrying up to 1,000 kg of bombs, and even then only externally, which will noticeably cut performance. However, it is also the only bomber in its battle rating that can equip rockets like the RS-132 and semi-armour piercing RBS-132. The RS-132 with the fuse set to air-burst can be surprisingly effective against bombers with good aim. The RBS-132 is more effective against tanks in Realistic Battles. It is also equipped with two fixed forward-firing machine guns (12.7 mm UB and 7.62 mm ShKAS), although these have relatively limited utility other than strafing light targets.

As a dive bomber, the aircraft is equipped with dive brakes to control the acceleration during dive attacks. However, the Pe-2 also has a level bombsight, which allows it to bomb from altitude with decent accuracy.

The Petlyakov Pe-2 is a versatile high-speed tactical level and dive bomber. It has very good performance and manoeuvrability for a twin-engine bomber, attained at the expense of the payload. It excels at surgical strikes against small targets like pillboxes and tanks. The Pe-2 can also be used as a level bomber against stationary targets, although the small payload makes it less efficient than heavier bombers like the Heinkel He 111 series.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,700 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 507 || 493 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 28.4 || 29.8 || 10.6 || 10.5 || rowspan="2" | 326
|-
! Upgraded
| 540 || 524 || 25.8 || 27.0 || 15.1 || 12.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 508 || 477 || 320 || ~11 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 380 || < 380 || < 440 || > 250
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 13.5 mm Steel plate behind the pilot
* 8 mm Steel plate in front of the dorsal gunner
* 8 mm Steel plate in front of the ventral gunner
* Self-sealing fuel tanks, with neutral gas pressurization system (1 in central fuselage, 3 in each wing)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Berezin UB (12.7 mm)|ShKAS (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 12.7 mm Berezin UB machine gun, nose-mounted (150 rpg)
* 1 x 7.62 mm ShKAS machine gun, nose-mounted (450 rpg)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|FAB-100sv (100 kg)|FAB-250sv (250 kg)|FAB-500sv (500 kg)|RBS-132|RS-132}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 6 x 100 kg FAB-100sv bombs (600 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg FAB-250sv bombs + 4 x 100 kg FAB-100sv bombs (900 kg total)
* 4 x 250 kg FAB-250sv bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg FAB-500sv bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 10 x RS-132 rockets
* 10 x RBS-132 rockets

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|Berezin UB (12.7 mm)|ShKAS (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 12.7 mm Berezin UB machine gun, dorsal turret (200 rpg)
* 1 x 12.7 mm Berezin UB machine gun, ventral turret (200 rpg)
* 1 x 7.62 mm ShKAS machine gun, 2 x beam turret (225 rpg = 450 total)

== Usage in battles ==

The Peshka offers many options in combat depending on the loadout. As a dive bomber, the Pe-2 can use its high diving speed to quickly strike at some targets from high altitude, building up enough speed in the dive to evade interception and return to friendly airspace. The Pe-2 can also perform as a level bomber if there are too many enemies at low altitude to safely dive-bomb, although the small payload is not efficient against bases. The 500 kg FAB-500 bomb is the most effective bomb against bases and pillboxes from high altitude. Finally, the Pe-2 can equip RS-132 rockets with air-burst fuses and utilize them against enemy bombers, thanks to its high performance and bomber altitude spawn. The RBS-132 rockets are most effective in Ground Realistic Battles due to the better-modelled damage mechanics against tanks there.
[[File:BomberImage_Pe-2X-ray.jpg|thumbnail|X-Ray view of the Peshka's modules. Note the very big fuel tanks placed all over the plane.]]
As with any bomber, the defensive guns on the Pe-2 are a last resort, and should not be relied upon to consistently fend off enemies. Its high performance and manoeuvrability are its best defence.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fixed forward-firing machine guns
* Outstanding performance and manoeuvrability (especially roll rate) for a bomber
* Can equip rockets
* Has a bombsight and dive brakes, allowing it to act as a level or dive bomber

'''Cons:'''

* Machine guns are insufficient for any ground target heavier than an armoured car
* Large fuel tank in the midsection makes it vulnerable to fires
* Small internal payload, and must carry the heaviest payloads externally
* Defensive armament is average at best

== History ==

[[File:Petlyakov Pe-2 Peshka (14467132393).jpg|thumbnail|Two Peshkas flying in formation. Likely to be two more out of the picture and therefore part of a flight of Pe-2s.]]

Originally, the Petlyakov Pe-2 was not supposed to be a bomber at all. Its direct predecessor, designated VI-100, was designed by a prison design bureau team led by Vladimir Petlyakov as a high-altitude escort fighter. The VI-100 was very modern for its time, featuring a pressurized two-seat cockpit, electrically actuated systems and all-metal construction, and was powered by two supercharged Klimov M-105 V-12 inline engines producing 1100 horsepower each. The prototype was completed in 1939 and during its first test flight on 7th May 1939, it reached a top speed of 627.6 km/h (390 mph) – an astounding performance for its time. The results of flight tests were so promising that the VI-100 was ordered into production.

However, Germany launched the "Blitzkrieg" campaign in September 1939. Aside from their revolutionary usage of tanks, the campaign in Poland featured notable usage of Ju 87 dive bombers and showed their potential. Consequently, the Soviet authorities ordered the VI-100 to be redesigned as a dive bomber. Pressurization equipment and engine superchargers were removed, dive brakes were installed under the wings and the bombardier position was added to the nose of the aircraft(raising the number of crew members to three). A ventral bomb bay was added along with the two smaller bomb positions located at the rear of engine nacelles. Two rear-facing turrets, each armed by a single ShKAS machine gun, were installed to dorsal and ventral positions. Resulting aircraft, able to carry up to 1600 kg / 3520 lbs of bombs, was designated PB-100. The first prototype flew on 15th December 1940 and its performance (top speed of 540.7 km/h (336 mph)) was so good that Vladimir Petlyakov was released and the aircraft was named after him, thus receiving the designation Petlyakov Pe-2. The bomber was then rushed into serial production and deliveries to combat units began in the spring of 1941. The deliveries were, however, slow and by the time of the German invasion in June 1941, only about 458 Pe-2's were delivered.

The Pe-2, nicknamed Peshka ("Pawn") by its crews, quickly proved itself to be an effective dive bomber and together with the Ilyushin Il-2 Sturmovik attacker, it became the most important offensive weapon of the Soviet Army Air Force. The bomber was fast and agile enough to be an elusive target for German fighters and also proved its versatility – it was used for reconnaissance and artillery spotting and also became the basis for the [[Pe-3bis|Pe-3]] heavy fighter. Losses were heavy, however. Crews often complained about a lack of armour protection for the cockpit and fuel tanks as well as poor defensive armament and unreliable dive brakes, which sometimes failed to retract and allowed top speeds of only around 300 km/h (186.4 mph), making the fast bomber easy prey.

=== In-game description ===
By the summer of 1943, due to growing production volume and a general decrease in quality, the basic performance characteristics of production bombers had degraded to an intolerable level. The Factory No. 22 designers were tasked with drastically improving the quality of the bombers produced. The new chief designer, V. M. Myasishchev, was in charge of this work.

The Factory No. 22 designers, together with the researchers of the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute (TsAGI), proposed a number of improvements for the Pe-2 design that were implemented in production in August 1943, beginning with series 205. Improvements were made to the flaps, cowls, and access doors, pressurization of the whole aircraft was ensured, the shape of the cooler ducts was altered, and carburettor inlet ducts with improved aerodynamics were installed. Brake cover fairings and a new single-blade compensator (with an increased area) for the VUB-1 turret were also installed. The radio antenna mast, together with the airspeed tube, was removed to the front arch of the cockpit canopy, and the junction of the canopy and the VUB-1 turret was improved. Some planes had individual exhaust pipes installed instead of the previous general exhaust manifolds.

Beginning with series 211, the beams of external bomb racks were moved into the wings, and beginning with series 249, it was decided that the oil should be diluted with gasoline in the winter. From series 265 on, the RSB-bis radio set was replaced with an RSB-3bis, and the general antenna-feeder system was improved, drastically increasing radio coverage. Series 275 saw yet another reinforcement of the Pe-2's rear defense: a DAG-10 grenade launcher was installed, with 10 AG-2 aerial grenades. The grenades were housed in the radio operator/gunner's cockpit in two clusters (five in each). A grenade launched from the aircraft would initially reduce speed (with a small parachute) and then, after a delay of 3 to 5 seconds, explode in the path of a pursuing fighter. The grenade launcher gave the gunner a chance to stop German fighters from comfortably attacking the Pe-2 from their favorite position, the rear.

Crews noted the bomber's high maneuverability and survivability, the good field of view from the cockpit, and good stability during dives. At the same time, though, it was noted that the aircraft was rather difficult to pilot, especially when taking off and landing.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=ussr&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=bomber&vehicle=pe-2-205 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover">
Image:Cockpit_Pe-2.jpg|Cockpit with translated gauges
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|9cYrRqnLRCs|'''Gameplay - Premium Pe-2-205 Peshka - Arcade Battle - Easy Money''' - ''Jim Chamberlin''|31CgfSq1gdo|'''Gameplay - Pe-2 Peshka - Silver Lion and XP Grinder Extraordinaire''' - ''BaronVonGamez''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Pe-2 (Family)]]

;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* [[Pe-3 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/3341--en|[Vehicle Profile] Pe-2-359]]
* [[wikipedia:Petlyakov_Pe-2|[Wikipedia] Petlyakov Pe-2]]
* [http://www.airvectors.net/avpe2.html <nowiki>[Air Vectors]</nowiki> The Petlyakov Pe-2]

{{AirManufacturer Petlyakov}}
{{USSR bombers}}
{{USSR premium aircraft}}

D.520

2021-04-06T20:34:30Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = French fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the version in the British tree
| link = D.520 (Great Britain)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=d_520_france
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} French fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.73 "Vive la France"]]. In its early development, the Dewoitine D.520 was marred by official interference. Even though the D.520 was the best fighter France had during the German invasion of 1940, the fighter was hardly a match for the German Bf 109; however, its pilots fought with great bravery and skill to bring respectability to the type during the Battle of France.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

Due to the D.520's mediocre handling, each scenario must be exploited to the best for the maximum efficiency from the plane. However, maintaining a high speed with the aircraft is essential to do well in common dog-fighting tactics such as Boom & Zoom and Turn & Burn.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 529 || 515 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.1 || 21.9 || 7.1 || 7.1 || rowspan="2" | 300
|-
! Upgraded
| 571 || 550 || 19.0 || 20.0 || 13.6 || 10.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 385 || 365 || 280 || ~12 || ~9
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 370 || < 400 || < 430 || > 340
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 38 mm Bulletproof glass in front of pilot.
* 8 mm Steel plate behind pilot.
* 3 mm Steel box behind pilot's head.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Hispano 404 (20 mm)|MAC 1934 (7.5 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 20 mm Hispano 404 cannon, nose-mounted (60 rpg)
* 4 x 7.5 mm MAC 1934 machine guns, wing-mounted (675 rpg = 2,700 total)

== Usage in battles ==

This fighter is the classic "jack of all trades, master of none". It can be an energy fighter, bomber hunter, or even a turn-fighter. It depends on your playstyle, and the kinds of enemy aircraft that are encountered.

The main purpose of the D.520 is the role of an interceptor/fighter. It has no bombing capability and thus stands limited to aerial combat. In this respect there are a few things to consider, first and foremost that this is a fighter that does not do great away from a squad. It has mediocre flight characteristics as far as speed, climb and turn is concerned. It is however quite well armoured to compensate for such, meaning that it will stay air-worthy where other aircraft would crash, and instead stands a fighter which is effective in engagements where it has support to rely on. Without such support, it is a very situational plane which can engage certain enemies depending on advantage in altitude, speed, or sometimes even a turning radius. It has a respectable armament of one powerful Hispano 20 mm cannon with a very limited ammunition load (60 rounds), and four 7.5 mm guns with a good deal of ammunition which makes it competitive in Realistic battles. Its strong airframe is able to withstand significant wind resistance making it potent in a longer dive. Despite its limited attributes it handles fairly comfortably and thus can be a real asset to a pilot which employs situational awareness combined with an in depth understanding of the enemy aircraft he will choose to either engage or avoid. It has a potent incendiary tracer round for its machine guns and the Hispano makes it pack a fairly significant punch despite its limited cannon ammunition. The D.520 is best considered a heavier single-seat fighter aircraft which can out-endure other enemy squads due to its armour, but not out-turn, out-run, or out-gun many other types of aircraft on its own rank.

Once the weaponry upgrades are unlocked, it's recommended to use the tracer belt for the 7.5 mm guns and the "Stealth" for the Hispano cannon. Since there are no Air targets belt for the cannon, the Stealth have the strongest punch. Be very careful with the cannon ammo, only fire in controlled bursts with 2-3 shots. Do not use the cannon at longer range because of the limited ammo and the inaccuracy. Use the machine guns to help when aiming the Hispano.

The D.520 is capable for bomber hunting. It has good armour, not too bad climb rate, and the combination of the single 20 mm and four machine guns can easily destroy low rank bombers.

Enemies worth noting:

* [[Bf 109 (Family)|Bf 109s]]: This plane is one of the D.520's most dangerous enemies. They can out-run you in level flight, but your turn rate is better, even without using combat flaps. So, the classic dogfight is the only way to counter them.

* [[A6M2]]/[[A6M3|3]]: As always, never go in a turnfight with them. The D.520 can easily out-run the Zero in a shallow dive or even in level flight. Head-ons are recommended, because the Hispano cannon can have devastating impact on their weak airframes, and the MGs are capable of causing fires.

* [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfires]]: The D.520 is less likely to face them, but sometimes you need to fight with these excellent fighters. They are out-perform you almost all aspects. They have equal or better turn rate, comparable weaponry, better climb rate, and better speed. You have the least disadvantage in a turnfight, so bait the Spitfire into a low-altitude dogfight, and make him lose as much energy as possible. Now, you have a chance to get him from his six, and at this point you and your opponent both are "slow and low", so it's going to be an easy job for the friendly fighters to take him down, but you are good target for the enemy too, so be careful.

* [[F4U (Family)|F4U]]: These are quite common to face. You can out-turn them, but don't try anything else, almost all American fighters can catch you, especially in dive.
* [[P-38E]]: Same as the F4U; turn-fight them to bleed their speed, but don't try anything else, as the P-38 is faster, and has a deadly armament of 4 x 12.7 mms, and the feared AN/M2 20 mm.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful 20 mm cannon
* Plenty of ammo for the machine guns
* Tracer belts are made up entirely of incendiary tracers; great fire starters, especially for fabric-covered aircraft
* Fairly good armour
* Quite manoeuvrable
* Respectable turn time

'''Cons:'''

* Very little ammo for the 20 mm cannon (60 rounds)
* Relatively poor rate of climb
* Very situational aircraft
* Takes a lot of machine gun rounds to shoot down a enemy plane if you run out of cannon ammo
* "''Jack of all trades, master of none"''

== History ==

Widely regarded as the the best fighter of French origin to emerge during World War 2, the Dewoitine D.520's combat carrier had two main phases. After the fall of France, large numbers of the type were sent to Africa and some took part in the 1941 Syrian campaign against the British and Free French forces. Fighting alongside the German Luftwaffe, the D.520's pilots were involved in the fight against the Allies during the Operation Torch landings in November, 1942. After the victory of the Allies, a large number of D.520 pilots decided to change sides and fight for the Allies. The type was extensively used by Luftwaffe fighter schools as trainers, this shows the desperation faced by that service late in the war. Accident rates among students were very high.

=== Power-plant ===
The D.520 was powered by either the Hispano-Suiza 12Y-45 or 12Y-49 engines, rated at 850 hp (634 kW) and 820 hp (612 kW) respectively. Each engine drove a different propeller. The D.520 underwent trials for the more powerfull 12Y-51 (D.523) and 12Z-89ter (D.524) engines although neither were accepted.

=== Armament ===
Compared to other French fighters at the time, the Dewoitine D.520 was relatively well armed. Its armament consisted of one Hispano-Suiza HS404 20 mm cannon with 60 rounds, and four wing-mounted 7.5 mm MAC 1934 machine guns, each with 675 rounds of ammunition.

=== Cockpit ===
The D.520's cockpit was set well in aft, giving it excellent downward vision in flight. However, taxiing was quite a tricky task. It required the pilot to weave to retain a semblance of forward visibility.

=== The D.520 over France ===
The D.520 fought with great distinction over the short battle of France. There were a number of notable victories against the Luftwaffe in the North, including the shooting down of the leading Luftwaffe ace Werner Mölders. In the South, the D.520's scored easy kills against the Italians who joined the war on the 10th of June. France's only "ace in a day" was Pierre Le Gloan, who shot down four CR.42s and a BR.20 in a single sortie in a D.520 on the 15th of June.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Dewoitine}}
{{France fighters}}

D.520

2021-04-06T20:31:56Z

U98661543: /* Usage in battles */

{{About
| about = French fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the version in the British tree
| link = D.520 (Great Britain)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=d_520_france
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} French fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.73 "Vive la France"]]. In its early development, the Dewoitine D.520 was marred by official interference. Even though the D.520 was the best fighter France had during the German invasion of 1940, the fighter was hardly a match for the German Bf 109; however, its pilots fought with great bravery and skill to bring respectability to the type during the Battle of France.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

Due to the D.520's mediocre handling, each scenario must be exploited to the best for the maximum efficiency from the plane. However, maintaining a high speed with the aircraft is essential to do well in common dog-fighting tactics such as Boom & Zoom and Turn & Burn.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 529 || 515 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.1 || 21.9 || 7.1 || 7.1 || rowspan="2" | 300
|-
! Upgraded
| 571 || 550 || 19.0 || 20.0 || 13.6 || 10.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 385 || 365 || 280 || ~12 || ~9
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 370 || < 400 || < 430 || > 340
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 38 mm Bulletproof glass in front of pilot.
* 8 mm Steel plate behind pilot.
* 3 mm Steel box behind pilot's head.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Hispano 404 (20 mm)|MAC 1934 (7.5 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 20 mm Hispano 404 cannon, nose-mounted (60 rpg)
* 4 x 7.5 mm MAC 1934 machine guns, wing-mounted (675 rpg = 2,700 total)

== Usage in battles ==

This fighter is the classic "jack of all trades, master of none". It can be an energy fighter, bomber hunter, or even a turn-fighter. It depends on your playstyle, and the kinds of enemy aircraft that are encountered.

The main purpose of the D.520 is the role of an interceptor/fighter. It has no bombing capability and thus stands limited to aerial combat. In this respect there are a few things to consider, first and foremost that this is a fighter that does not do great away from a squad. It has mediocre flight characteristics as far as speed, climb and turn is concerned. It is however quite well armoured to compensate for such, meaning that it will stay air-worthy where other aircraft would crash, and instead stands a fighter which is effective in engagements where it has support to rely on. Without such support, it is a very situational plane which can engage certain enemies depending on advantage in altitude, speed, or sometimes even a turning radius. It has a respectable armament of one powerful Hispano 20 mm cannon with a very limited ammunition load (60 rounds), and four 7.5 mm guns with a good deal of ammunition which makes it competitive in Realistic battles. Its strong airframe is able to withstand significant wind resistance making it potent in a longer dive. Despite its limited attributes it handles fairly comfortably and thus can be a real asset to a pilot which employs situational awareness combined with an in depth understanding of the enemy aircraft he will choose to either engage or avoid. It has a potent incendiary tracer round for its machine guns and the Hispano makes it pack a fairly significant punch despite its limited cannon ammunition. The D.520 is best considered a heavier single-seat fighter aircraft which can out-endure other enemy squads due to its armour, but not out-turn, out-run, or out-gun many other types of aircraft on its own rank.

Once the weaponry upgrades are unlocked, it's recommended to use the tracer belt for the 7.5 mm guns and the "Stealth" for the Hispano cannon. Since there are no Air targets belt for the cannon, the Stealth have the strongest punch. Be very careful with the cannon ammo, only fire in controlled bursts with 2-3 shots. Do not use the cannon at longer range because of the limited ammo and the inaccuracy. Use the machine guns to help when aiming the Hispano.

The D.520 is capable for bomber hunting. It has good armour, not too bad climb rate, and the combination of the single 20 mm and four machine guns can easily destroy low rank bombers.

Enemies worth noting:

* [[Bf 109 (Family)|Bf 109s]]: This plane is one of the D.520's most dangerous enemies. They can out-run you in level flight, but your turn rate is better, even without using combat flaps. So, the classic dogfight is the only way to counter them.

* [[A6M2]]/[[A6M3|3]]: As always, never go in a turnfight with them. The D.520 can easily out-run the Zero in a shallow dive or even in level flight. Head-ons are recommended, because the Hispano cannon can have devastating impact on their weak airframes, and the MGs are capable of causing fires.

* [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfires]]: The D.520 is less likely to face them, but sometimes you need to fight with these excellent fighters. They are out-perform you almost all aspects. They have equal or better turn rate, comparable weaponry, better climb rate, and better speed. You have the least disadvantage in a turnfight, so bait the Spitfire into a low-altitude dogfight, and make him lose as much energy as possible. Now, you have a chance to get him from his six, and at this point you and your opponent both are "slow and low", so it's going to be an easy job for the friendly fighters to take him down, but you are good target for the enemy too, so be careful.

* [[F4U (Family)|F4U]]: These are quite common to face. You can out-turn them, but don't try anything else, almost all American fighters can catch you, especially in dive.
* [[P-38E]]: Same as the F4U; turn-fight them to bleed their speed, but don't try anything else, as the P-38 is faster, and has a deadly armament of 4 x 12.7 mms, and the feared AN/M2 20 mm.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful 20 mm cannon
* Good fighter armament
* Plenty of ammo for the machine guns
* Very incendiary ammunition for its tracer ammunition
* Fairly good armour
* Quite manoeuvrable
* Good turn time

'''Cons:'''

* Very little ammo for the 20 mm cannon (60 rounds)
* Relatively poor rate of climb
* Very situational aircraft
* Takes a lot of machine gun rounds to shoot down a enemy plane when you run out of cannon ammo
* "''Jack of all trades, master of none"''

== History ==

Widely regarded as the the best fighter of French origin to emerge during World War 2, the Dewoitine D.520's combat carrier had two main phases. After the fall of France, large numbers of the type were sent to Africa and some took part in the 1941 Syrian campaign against the British and Free French forces. Fighting alongside the German Luftwaffe, the D.520's pilots were involved in the fight against the Allies during the Operation Torch landings in November, 1942. After the victory of the Allies, a large number of D.520 pilots decided to change sides and fight for the Allies. The type was extensively used by Luftwaffe fighter schools as trainers, this shows the desperation faced by that service late in the war. Accident rates among students were very high.

=== Power-plant ===
The D.520 was powered by either the Hispano-Suiza 12Y-45 or 12Y-49 engines, rated at 850 hp (634 kW) and 820 hp (612 kW) respectively. Each engine drove a different propeller. The D.520 underwent trials for the more powerfull 12Y-51 (D.523) and 12Z-89ter (D.524) engines although neither were accepted.

=== Armament ===
Compared to other French fighters at the time, the Dewoitine D.520 was relatively well armed. Its armament consisted of one Hispano-Suiza HS404 20 mm cannon with 60 rounds, and four wing-mounted 7.5 mm MAC 1934 machine guns, each with 675 rounds of ammunition.

=== Cockpit ===
The D.520's cockpit was set well in aft, giving it excellent downward vision in flight. However, taxiing was quite a tricky task. It required the pilot to weave to retain a semblance of forward visibility.

=== The D.520 over France ===
The D.520 fought with great distinction over the short battle of France. There were a number of notable victories against the Luftwaffe in the North, including the shooting down of the leading Luftwaffe ace Werner Mölders. In the South, the D.520's scored easy kills against the Italians who joined the war on the 10th of June. France's only "ace in a day" was Pierre Le Gloan, who shot down four CR.42s and a BR.20 in a single sortie in a D.520 on the 15th of June.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Dewoitine}}
{{France fighters}}

D.520

2021-04-06T20:27:37Z

U98661543: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = French fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the version in the British tree
| link = D.520 (Great Britain)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=d_520_france
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} French fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.73 "Vive la France"]]. In its early development, the Dewoitine D.520 was marred by official interference. Even though the D.520 was the best fighter France had during the German invasion of 1940, the fighter was hardly a match for the German Bf 109; however, its pilots fought with great bravery and skill to bring respectability to the type during the Battle of France.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

Due to the D.520's mediocre handling, each scenario must be exploited to the best for the maximum efficiency from the plane. However, maintaining a high speed with the aircraft is essential to do well in common dog-fighting tactics such as Boom & Zoom and Turn & Burn.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 529 || 515 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.1 || 21.9 || 7.1 || 7.1 || rowspan="2" | 300
|-
! Upgraded
| 571 || 550 || 19.0 || 20.0 || 13.6 || 10.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 385 || 365 || 280 || ~12 || ~9
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 370 || < 400 || < 430 || > 340
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 38 mm Bulletproof glass in front of pilot.
* 8 mm Steel plate behind pilot.
* 3 mm Steel box behind pilot's head.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Hispano 404 (20 mm)|MAC 1934 (7.5 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 20 mm Hispano 404 cannon, nose-mounted (60 rpg)
* 4 x 7.5 mm MAC 1934 machine guns, wing-mounted (675 rpg = 2,700 total)

== Usage in battles ==

This fighter is the classic "jack of all trades, master of none". It can be an energy fighter, bomber hunter, or even a turn-fighter. It depends on your playstyle, and the kinds of enemy aircraft that are encountered.

The main purpose of the D.520 is the role of an interceptor/fighter. It has no bombing capability and thus stands limited to aerial combat. In this respect there are a few things to consider, first and foremost that this is a fighter that does not do great away from a squad. It has mediocre flight characteristics as far as speed, climb and turn is concerned. It is however quite well armoured to compensate for such, meaning that it will stay air-worthy where other aircraft would crash, and instead stands a fighter which is effective in engagements where it has support to rely on. Without such support, it is a very situational plane which can engage certain enemies depending on advantage in altitude, speed, or sometimes even a turning radius. It has a respectable armament of one powerful Hispano 20 mm cannon with a very limited ammunition load (60 rounds), and four 7.5 mm guns with a good deal of ammunition which makes it competitive in Realistic battles. Its strong airframe is able to withstand significant wind resistance making it potent in a longer dive. Despite its limited attributes it handles fairly comfortably and thus can be a real asset to a pilot which employs situational awareness combined with an in depth understanding of the enemy aircraft he will choose to either engage or avoid. It has a potent incendiary tracer round for its machine guns and the Hispano makes it pack a fairly significant punch despite its limited cannon ammunition. The D.520 is best considered a heavier single-seat fighter aircraft which can out-endure other enemy squads due to its armour, but not out-turn, out-run, or out-gun many other types of aircraft on its own rank.

Once the weaponry upgrades are unlocked, it's recommended to use the tracer belt for the 7.5 mm guns and the "Stealth" for the Hispano cannon. Since there are no Air targets belt for the cannon, the Stealth have the strongest punch. Be very careful with the cannon ammo, only fire in controlled bursts with 2-3 shots. Do not use the cannon at longer range because of the limited ammo and the inaccuracy. Use the machine guns to help when aiming the Hispano.

The D.520 is capable for bomber hunting. It has good armour, not too bad climb rate, and the combination of the single 20 mm and four machine guns can easily destroy low rank bombers.

Enemies worth noting:

* [[Bf 109 (Family)|Bf 109s]]: This plane is one of the D.520's most dangerous enemies. They can out-run you in level flight, but your turn rate is better, even without using combat flaps. So, the classic dogfight is the only way to counter them.

* [[A6M2]]/[[A6M3|3]]: As always, never go in a turnfight with them. The D.520 can easily out-run the Zero in a shallow dive or even in level flight. Head-ons are recommended, because the Hispano cannon can have devastating impact on their weak airframes, and the MGs are capable of causing fires.

* [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfires]]: The D.520 is less likely to face them, but sometimes you need to fight with these excellent fighters. They are out-perform you almost all aspects. They have equal or better turn rate, comparable weaponry, better climb rate, and better speed. You have the least disadvantage in a turnfight, so bait the Spitfire into a low-altitude dogfight, and make him lose as much energy as possible. Now, you have a chance to get him from his six, and at this point you and your opponent both are "slow and low", so it's going to be an easy job for the friendly fighters to take him down, but you are good target for the enemy too, so be careful.

* [[F4U (Family)|F4U]]: These are quite common to face. You can out-turn them, but don't try anything else, almost all American fighters can catch you, especially in dive. The method is the same with the P-38, only turnfight, and make them slow.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful 20 mm cannon
* Good fighter armament
* Plenty of ammo for the machine guns
* Very incendiary ammunition for its tracer ammunition
* Fairly good armour
* Quite manoeuvrable
* Good turn time

'''Cons:'''

* Very little ammo for the 20 mm cannon (60 rounds)
* Relatively poor rate of climb
* Very situational aircraft
* Takes a lot of machine gun rounds to shoot down a enemy plane when you run out of cannon ammo
* "''Jack of all trades, master of none"''

== History ==

Widely regarded as the the best fighter of French origin to emerge during World War 2, the Dewoitine D.520's combat carrier had two main phases. After the fall of France, large numbers of the type were sent to Africa and some took part in the 1941 Syrian campaign against the British and Free French forces. Fighting alongside the German Luftwaffe, the D.520's pilots were involved in the fight against the Allies during the Operation Torch landings in November, 1942. After the victory of the Allies, a large number of D.520 pilots decided to change sides and fight for the Allies. The type was extensively used by Luftwaffe fighter schools as trainers, this shows the desperation faced by that service late in the war. Accident rates among students were very high.

=== Power-plant ===
The D.520 was powered by either the Hispano-Suiza 12Y-45 or 12Y-49 engines, rated at 850 hp (634 kW) and 820 hp (612 kW) respectively. Each engine drove a different propeller. The D.520 underwent trials for the more powerfull 12Y-51 (D.523) and 12Z-89ter (D.524) engines although neither were accepted.

=== Armament ===
Compared to other French fighters at the time, the Dewoitine D.520 was relatively well armed. Its armament consisted of one Hispano-Suiza HS404 20 mm cannon with 60 rounds, and four wing-mounted 7.5 mm MAC 1934 machine guns, each with 675 rounds of ammunition.

=== Cockpit ===
The D.520's cockpit was set well in aft, giving it excellent downward vision in flight. However, taxiing was quite a tricky task. It required the pilot to weave to retain a semblance of forward visibility.

=== The D.520 over France ===
The D.520 fought with great distinction over the short battle of France. There were a number of notable victories against the Luftwaffe in the North, including the shooting down of the leading Luftwaffe ace Werner Mölders. In the South, the D.520's scored easy kills against the Italians who joined the war on the 10th of June. France's only "ace in a day" was Pierre Le Gloan, who shot down four CR.42s and a BR.20 in a single sortie in a D.520 on the 15th of June.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Dewoitine}}
{{France fighters}}

D.520

2021-04-06T20:25:18Z

U98661543: /* Description */

{{About
| about = French fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the version in the British tree
| link = D.520 (Great Britain)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=d_520_france
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} French fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.73 "Vive la France"]]. In its early development, the Dewoitine D.520 was marred by official interference. Even though the D.520 was the best fighter France had during the German invasion of 1940, the fighter was hardly a match for the German Bf 109; however, its pilots fought with great bravery and skill to bring respectability to the type during the Battle of France.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

Due to the D.520's mediocre handling, each scenario must be exploited to the best for the maximum efficiency from the plane. However, maintaining a high speed with the aircraft is essential to do well in common dog-fighting tactics such as Boom & Zoom and Turn & Burn.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 529 || 515 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.1 || 21.9 || 7.1 || 7.1 || rowspan="2" | 300
|-
! Upgraded
| 571 || 550 || 19.0 || 20.0 || 13.6 || 10.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 385 || 365 || 280 || ~12 || ~9
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 370 || < 400 || < 430 || > 340
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 38 mm Bulletproof glass in front of pilot.
* 8 mm Steel plate behind pilot.
* 3 mm Steel box behind pilot's head.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Hispano 404 (20 mm)|MAC 1934 (7.5 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 20 mm Hispano 404 cannon, nose-mounted (60 rpg)
* 4 x 7.5 mm MAC 1934 machine guns, wing-mounted (675 rpg = 2,700 total)

== Usage in battles ==

This fighter is the classic "jack of all trades, master of none". It can be an energy fighter, bomber hunter, or even a turn-fighter. It depends on your playstyle, and the kinds of enemy aircraft that are encountered.

The main purpose of the D.520 is the role of an interceptor/fighter. It has no bombing capability and thus stands limited to aerial combat. In this respect there are a few things to consider, first and foremost that this is a fighter that does not do great away from a squad. It has mediocre flight characteristics as far as speed, climb and turn is concerned. It is however quite well armoured to compensate for such, meaning that it will stay air-worthy where other aircraft would crash, and instead stands a fighter which is effective in engagements where it has support to rely on. Without such support, it is a very situational plane which can engage certain enemies depending on advantage in altitude, speed, or sometimes even a turning radius. It has a respectable armament of one powerful Hispano 20 mm cannon with a very limited ammunition load (60 rounds), and four 7.5 mm guns with a good deal of ammunition which makes it competitive in Realistic battles. Its strong airframe is able to withstand significant wind resistance making it potent in a longer dive. Despite its limited attributes it handles fairly comfortably and thus can be a real asset to a pilot which employs situational awareness combined with an in depth understanding of the enemy aircraft he will choose to either engage or avoid. It has a potent incendiary tracer round for its machine guns and the Hispano makes it pack a fairly significant punch despite its limited cannon ammunition. The D.520 is best considered a heavier single-seat fighter aircraft which can out-endure other enemy squads due to its armour, but not out-turn, out-run, or out-gun many other types of aircraft on its own rank.

Once the weaponry upgrades are unlocked, it's recommended to use the tracer belt for the 7.5 mm guns and the "Stealth" for the Hispano cannon. Since there are no Air targets belt for the cannon, the Stealth have the strongest punch. Be very careful with the cannon ammo, only fire in controlled bursts with 2-3 shots. Do not use the cannon at longer range because of the limited ammo and the inaccuracy. Use the machine guns to help when aiming the Hispano.

The D.520 is capable for bomber hunting. It has good armour, not too bad climb rate, and the combination of the single 20 mm and four machine guns can easily destroy low rank bombers.

Enemies worth noting:

* [[Bf 109 (Family)|Bf 109s]]: This plane is one of the D.520's most dangerous enemies. They can out-run you in level flight, but your turn rate is better, even without using combat flaps. So, the classic dogfight is the only way to counter them.

* [[A6M2]]/[[A6M3|3]]: As always, never go in a turnfight with them. The D.520 can easily out-run the Zero in a shallow dive or even in level flight. Head-ons are recommended, because the Hispano cannon can have devastating impact on their weak airframes, and the MGs are capable of causing fires.

* [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfires]]: The D.520 is less likely to face them, but sometimes you need to fight with these excellent fighters. They are out-perform you almost all aspects. They have equal or better turn rate, comparable weaponry, better climb rate, and better speed. You have the least disadvantage in a turnfight, so bait the Spitfire into a low-altitude dogfight, and make him lose as much energy as possible. Now, you have a chance to get him from his six, and at this point you and your opponent both are "slow and low", so it's going to be an easy job for the friendly fighters to take him down, but you are good target for the enemy too, so be careful.

* [[F4U (Family)|F4U]]: These are quite common to face. You can out-turn them, but don't try anything else, almost all American fighters can catch you, especially in dive. The method is the same with the P-38, only turnfight, and make them slow.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful 20 mm cannon
* Good fighter armament
* Plenty of ammo for the machine guns
* Very incendiary ammunition for its tracer ammunition
* Fairly good armour
* Quite manoeuvrable
* Good turn time

'''Cons:'''

* Very little ammo for the 20 mm cannon (60 rounds)
* Relatively poor rate of climb
* Very situational aircraft
* Takes a lot of machine gun rounds to shoot down a enemy plane when you run out of cannon ammo

== History ==

Widely regarded as the the best fighter of French origin to emerge during World War 2, the Dewoitine D.520's combat carrier had two main phases. After the fall of France, large numbers of the type were sent to Africa and some took part in the 1941 Syrian campaign against the British and Free French forces. Fighting alongside the German Luftwaffe, the D.520's pilots were involved in the fight against the Allies during the Operation Torch landings in November, 1942. After the victory of the Allies, a large number of D.520 pilots decided to change sides and fight for the Allies. The type was extensively used by Luftwaffe fighter schools as trainers, this shows the desperation faced by that service late in the war. Accident rates among students were very high.

=== Power-plant ===
The D.520 was powered by either the Hispano-Suiza 12Y-45 or 12Y-49 engines, rated at 850 hp (634 kW) and 820 hp (612 kW) respectively. Each engine drove a different propeller. The D.520 underwent trials for the more powerfull 12Y-51 (D.523) and 12Z-89ter (D.524) engines although neither were accepted.

=== Armament ===
Compared to other French fighters at the time, the Dewoitine D.520 was relatively well armed. Its armament consisted of one Hispano-Suiza HS404 20 mm cannon with 60 rounds, and four wing-mounted 7.5 mm MAC 1934 machine guns, each with 675 rounds of ammunition.

=== Cockpit ===
The D.520's cockpit was set well in aft, giving it excellent downward vision in flight. However, taxiing was quite a tricky task. It required the pilot to weave to retain a semblance of forward visibility.

=== The D.520 over France ===
The D.520 fought with great distinction over the short battle of France. There were a number of notable victories against the Luftwaffe in the North, including the shooting down of the leading Luftwaffe ace Werner Mölders. In the South, the D.520's scored easy kills against the Italians who joined the war on the 10th of June. France's only "ace in a day" was Pierre Le Gloan, who shot down four CR.42s and a BR.20 in a single sortie in a D.520 on the 15th of June.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Dewoitine}}
{{France fighters}}

Su-17M2

2021-04-05T14:57:32Z

U98661543: Fixed some grammar errors

{{Specs-Card
|code=su_17m2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]]. The Su-17M2 is the first aircraft in the game to feature variable sweep-wing mechanics.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

[[File:Su-17WingForwards.png|thumb|280x280px|Su-17M2 with wings swept forward.]]

The Su-17M2 has extremely competitive flight characteristics given by its variable sweep wings, which can change from an angle of 30 degrees swept forward to 63 degrees when fully swept back. Firstly, the Su-17 is fast. This aircraft can reach a top speed of ~1,440 km/h TAS on the deck (or 1,420 km/h IAS), meaning that it can easily outrun Phantoms, MiG-21s, and other comparable top-tier aircraft. The only two exceptions to this are the Italian F-104S Starfighter and British Phantoms (FGR.2 and FG.1), which can outrun the Su-17 at sea level by a small margin. The aircraft's acceleration is very competitive below speeds of 1100 km/h, but does take more time to accelerate above that speed. Note that acceleration at high speeds improves dramatically when the wings are swept fully backwards.

[[File:Su-17WingBack.png|thumb|280x280px|Su-17 with wings swept fully backwards.]]

In terms of overall agility, the Su-17M2 is quite manoeuvrable, though this performance is greatly affected by wing sweep. When the wings are swept backwards, the aircraft handles very similarly to the prior Su-7BKL. However, when the wings are swept forward, you will see a dramatic improvement in turn performance - in fact, the Su-17 can out-turn Phantoms when wings are fully swept forwards. The aircraft features an all-flying tail making elevator performance quite adequate. The aircraft's roll rate is also quite adequate, though roll performance decreases when the wings are fully swept.

Structurally, the aircraft's wings rip at 1419 km/h IAS when fully swept back, a speed that the aircraft can attain easily at sea level. However, this speed is reduced to just 1,050 km/h IAS with wings swept forwards.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 11,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,219 || 2,219 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 27.3 || 27.4 || 164.8 || 164.8 || rowspan="2" | 850
|-
! Upgraded
| 2,276 || 2,232 || 26.7 || 27.0 || 219.9 || 190.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="60%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="60%"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Limits
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
! Min sweep
| 1,050 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 476 || 473 || ~10 || ~3
|-
! Max sweep
| 1,417 || N/A || N/A || N/A || ~11 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 740 || < 650 || < 650 || N/A
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


The Su-17M2 is quite survivable for a top-tier jet. Armour protects the pilot, with a 36 mm aluminum armour plating on the sides and back, as well as a 20 mm plate behind the headrest. The forward canopy features 25 mm of armoured glass, as well as a thin 8 mm steel plate in front of the controls. The large engine is mounted at the rear of the fuselage, while fuel tanks are mounted underneath it, as well as in the inner parts of the swept wing surfaces. Two sets of structural spars run the entire length of the wing, though only the forward set of spars are completely linked to each other.

The Su-17M2 is surprisingly easy to fly even with serious damage - the aircraft can safely make it back to the airfield even with a wing missing, due to the powerful ailerons. However, note that any damage to the wing surfaces can cause a large imbalance in lift, making turning difficult.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|NR-30 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 30 mm NR-30 cannons, wing-mounted (80 rpg = 160 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|OFAB-100 (100 kg)|OFAB-250sv (250 kg)|FAB-500M-62 (500 kg)}}
{{main|Kh-23M|Kh-25|Kh-29L|R-60}}
{{main|S-3K|S-5K|S-8KO|S-24|GSh-23-2 (23 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 23 mm GSh-23-2 cannons (250 rpg = 500 total)
* 20 x 100 kg OFAB-100 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 10 x 250 kg OFAB-250sv bombs (2,500 kg total)
* 8 x 500 kg FAB-500M-62 bombs (4,000 kg total)
* 128 x S-5K rockets
* 80 x S-8KO rockets
* 28 x S-3K rockets
* 6 x S-24 rockets
* 2 x Kh-23M missiles
* 2 x Kh-25 missiles
* 1 x Kh-29L missile
* 4 x R-60 missiles
* 4 x R-60 missiles + 18 x 100 kg OFAB-100 bombs (1,800 kg total)
* 4 x R-60 missiles + 8 x 250 kg OFAB-250sv bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 4 x R-60 missiles + 6 x 500 kg FAB-500M-62 bombs (3,000 kg total)
* 4 x R-60 missiles + 64 x S-5K rockets
* 4 x R-60 missiles + 40 x S-8KO rockets
* 4 x R-60 missiles + 28 x S-3K rockets
* 4 x R-60 missiles + 4 x S-24 rockets
* 2 x R-60 missiles + 2 x Kh-23M missiles
* 4 x R-60 missiles + 2 x Kh-25 missiles
* 4 x R-60 missiles + 1 x Kh-29L missile
* 2 x 23 mm GSh-23-2 cannons + 18 x 100 kg OFAB-100 bombs (1,800 kg total)
* 2 x 23 mm GSh-23-2 cannons + 8 x 250 kg OFAB-250sv bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 2 x 23 mm GSh-23-2 cannons + 6 x 500 kg FAB-500M-62 bombs (3,000 kg total)
* 2 x 23 mm GSh-23-2 cannons + 64 x S-5K rockets
* 2 x 23 mm GSh-23-2 cannons + 40 x S-8KO rockets
* 2 x 23 mm GSh-23-2 cannons + 28 x S-3K rockets
* 2 x 23 mm GSh-23-2 cannons + 4 x S-24 rockets
* 1 x 23 mm GSh-23-2 cannon + 2 x Kh-23M missiles
* 2 x 23 mm GSh-23-2 cannons + 2 x Kh-25 missiles
* 2 x 23 mm GSh-23-2 cannons + 1 x Kh-29L missile

== Usage in battles ==


The Su-17M2 is an extremely versatile aircraft due to its excellent flight performance and large variety of suspended payload options. As a result, a multitude of playstyles can be used. The Su-17M2 can be used as a support fighter, flanking and making full use of its powerful R-60 missiles, but can also be used as a bomber and CAS aircraft, in both Air and Ground RB.

;As a fighter

[[File:Su-17withR60s.png|thumb|Su-17M2 at high altitude with an air-attack configuration.]]

The Su-17M2 works quite well as a fighter, as it is fairly manoeuvrable and can be equipped with 4 x R-60 missiles which are extremely agile and track very well. In this role, it has two major advantages - speed and manoeuvrability. It can outrun everything except for the Italian [[F-104S]] Starfighter and British Phantoms when its wings are swept, while it can out-turn everything except for the [[Mirage IIIC]] / [[Mirage IIIE|IIIE]] and [[J35D|J35D Draken]] when its wings are extended. In this regard, the aircraft works best in a support / boom & zoom role. At the start of each battle, utilize your airspawn, climb a bit (but not over 3 km because you will be Phantom food) to the side of the map. Once most enemies have been spotted, turn into the battlefield and utilize Boom & Zoom manoeuvres. Target enemies that are slow or not paying attention. If you are behind multiple enemies, target the lowest enemy first, so that you are below the rest of the aircraft. This ensures that you remain on the blind spot of the rest of the aircraft.

Do not engage in extended dogfights. Though you may win a single dogfight, it will leave you slow and vulnerable to a follow-up missile attack from an enemy, which you will not be able to dodge. Only dogfight if you have teammate support, and there are no other enemies in the area. Your 30 mm NR-30 cannons are extremely capable of destroying enemy aircraft, especially using the Air Targets belt, which can usually confirm a kill with only a few hits, if not one or two.

;As a bomber or fighter-bomber

The Su-17M2 can be used as a bomber, particularly when you haven't unlocked the R-60 missiles. The aircraft can carry loads of 20 x 100 kg bombs, 10 x 250 kg bombs or 8 x 500 kg bombs. The 100 kg bombs can take out a single mini-base (found on all maps with three bases) or a single large base (found on Ruhr and any four-base map), requiring you to drop all ordnance. The 250 kg bombs can take out two larger bases (5 per base) but are insufficient for a large base, meaning that the 100 kg bombs are better in this regard. The 500 kg bombs are the best option, being capable of destroying two+ mini-bases (3 per base) or two large bases (4 per base). When you bomb, make use of the Su-17M2's ballistic computer, which will give you an aiming reticle (similar to AB bombing) which displays your bomb's impact point. Simply nose down to a -10 degree dive or more and the reticle will appear.

[[File:Su-17Multirole.png|thumb|450x450px|Su-17 with multirole load of 6 x 500 kg bombs and 4 x R-60 IR missiles.]]

However, when you are bombing, it is critical to maintain situational awareness. Before you bomb, plan out the flight path that you will take to return to base, because otherwise, you will be clubbed by a large group of angry enemy fighters. If the base you are bombing is far within enemy lines, flank and fly to the side of the map before commencing your attack. Do not rush straight for the base, especially if the base is deep within enemy lines, because you will< be shredded. After you complete your attack, return to base and reload.

Su-17M2 can most more effective when used as a fighter-bomber or multirole aircraft. This role allows you to get a high RP reward by bombing bases, and then contributing to your team by serving as a fighter. In this regard, the 6 x 500 kg bomb + 4 x R-60 missile loadout is the most effective. Bomb 1-2 bases (depending on map), then fly towards friendly lines, before beginning B & Z style fighter attacks.

;As a Close Air Support (CAS) aircraft

Finally, the Su-17M2 can be used as a CAS aircraft, particularly in mixed battles (Ground RB). In this regard, the aircraft excels due to its massive ordnance options. The aircraft's loadout of unguided bombs and rockets should come as no surprise to anyone who's played the Su-7B / BKL aircraft. Of these weapon types, the 500 kg unguided bombs can be extremely effective due to the large number of bombs carried - these weapons can be deadly when combined with the ballistic computer. As well, the aircraft can carry S-5K, S-3K and S-8KO rockets, along with the massive S-24 "Tiny Ivans". These weapons are all quite effective against enemy armour.

[[File:Kh-29LonSu-17M2.png|thumb|334x334px|The Kh-29L laser-guided missile mounted on the Su-17M2.]]

However, the aircraft does get access to some highly unique munitions, being the Kh-23M, Kh-25 and Kh-29L AGMs. The Kh-23M can be considered as an equivalent to the [[AGM-12B Bullpup]], with a similar MCLOS guidance system and explosive mass, and can also be found on the [[Yak-38 (Family)|Yak-38]]. However, the other two missiles are unique to this aircraft only. The Kh-25 is a laser-guided version of the Kh-23M with a larger warhead - this means that you can steer the missile using your mouse. Make sure to turn on the ground missile lock using spacebar or a custom keybind, then fire the missile and guide it by mouse. The Kh-29L is very similar, but features a massive 150 kg warhead with 103 mm of penetration. Note that enemy tanks with laser warning systems will be able to detect the launch of a Kh-25 or Kh-29L missile. As well, the main drawback of these weapons are the amount carried - the Su-17M2 can only carry a single Kh-29L or two Kh-25s. Thus, unguided bombs can often be more effective at destroying enemy vehicles.

;<nowiki>Enemies worth noting:</nowiki>

* The [[Mirage IIIC]] and the [[J35D]]: These planes are also serious foes as they out turn everything at their BR (keep in mind that the Draken is more manoeuvrable than the Mirage) so dogfighting them is a death sentence. They're also able to wield deadly missiles, the Draken wields the Swedish license built AIM-9P3s known as [[RB24J|RB24Js]] and the Mirage has access to the extremely effective [[Matra R550 Magic 1]] that pulls 30 Gs and has a higher top speed than other IR guided missiles. The best thing to do against these planes is to do a zoom climb to bleed their speed since they have a lower thrust to weight ratio than you and then do oblique turns since they both bleed a ton of speed when turning and have a lower acceleration than you do. Try to not let them shoot a missile at you since you don't have flares and will have to try to outturn it. If that happens turn off the afterburner and pull hard.

* [[F-4 Phantom II (Family)|Phantoms]]: These planes are the most common enemies and high-priority targets due to their extremely good missile armament and speed. This applies especially to the British Phantoms, which are capable of outrunning you by a small margin on the deck. However, you can out-turn them by a small margin with wings swept forwards. In many cases you can evade their AIM-9s by turning in one direction first, than rolling and switching direction. If you try to turn fight them, pull out your airbrakes to go below 1000 km/h (620 mph), fold out the wings and you won't have any problems. If they try to get out of the turn fight and out accelerate, you can quickly fire one of your R-60's at them, if you have them equipped. Finally, note that these aircraft all wield the formidable AIM-7 Sparrow - the best way to avoid these missiles is to avoid heading to high altitudes. Stay low, stay fast, and watch your RWR.

===Radars===

The Su-17 is equipped with a SRD-5 rangefinding radar, located in the nose of the aircraft.
It will automatically detect other planes within the scanning area and display the range to the closest target. It is linked with a gyro gunsight and can help with aiming at close range.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | SRD-5 - Rangefinding radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
|-
| 3,000 m || 300 m || ±9° || ±9°
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Extremely fast - 1,419 km/h IAS at sea level before the wings break off
* Quite manoeuvrable with wings swept forwards - capable of out-turning Phantoms!
* Great acceleration at lower speeds and climb rate (190 m/s spaded)
* Gets access to a wide selection of secondary armaments
** Can load four R-60 missiles which are among the best in the game
** Up to 4,000 kg of bombs, enough to destroy two large bases
** Can carry advanced AGMs including the Kh-25 and Kh-29L
** Gets access to a ballistic computer, making aiming much easier
* Being a strike fighter, it gets an air spawn allowing it to reach the battlefield sooner

'''Cons:'''

* Acceleration is sluggish above Mach 1, especially when carrying any sort of ordnance
** Extremely poor high-speed performance with wings swept forwards
* No countermeasures of any sort
* Limited ability to carry AGMs - only two Kh-23Ms or Kh-25s, or a single Kh-29L
* Raw payload capacity is low for an attacker, 4,000 kg compared to >6,000 kg for the Phantom

== History ==

During the further development of the Su-7B project and the tendency of fighter-bomber aviation to increase the combat mass of an aircraft, the problem of difficult takeoff and landing on shorter runways became apparent. However, a massive supersonic bomb with an ability to make a missile strike as well was all too an alluring military power to simply give up! The TsAGI research institution studied the prospects for a scheme with a variable sweep-wing, which was able to facilitate takeoff and landing of a heavy aircraft at subsonic speeds. Studies have shown that when using the classical variable sweep scheme, the desired effect will not be achieved, even to the contrary, the performance characteristics will significantly decrease. However, if only part of the wing is designed to 'swing', take-off and landing will become noticeably easier, and flight characteristics at subsonic speeds will increase greatly.

This is how the project of an experimental prototype of the S-22I appeared: a sweep-wing fighter-bomber made on the basis of Su-7BM. After successful tests, the fighter-bomber designated Su-17 was adopted for mass production. At the beginning of the 70's, the Su-17M modification appeared, a little later supplemented by the Su-17M2 modification, in which the most contemporary developments at that time were combined, including new navigation systems and an aiming system with a laser rangefinder, featuring a total payload of 4,000 kg. Serial production of the Su-17M2 began in 1974, a total of 152 units of this modification were produced.

''- From [[wt:en/news/7056-development-su-17m2-the-first-swing-wing-aircraft-in-war-thunder-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=ussr&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=assault&vehicle=su_17m2 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery widths="240" perrow="3" mode="packed" heights="150">
File:Su-17M2 WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
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File:Su-17M2 WTWallpaper -8.jpg|
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|jyfaQ2Cfg2U|'''The Shooting Range #243''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:25 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


;Related Development

* [[Su-7BKL]]
* [[Su-7B]]

;Aircraft of a similar role, configuration or era

* [[Jaguar GR.1|Jaguar]]
* [[A-7D|A-7D Corsair II]]
* [[F-4C Phantom II]]
* [[Harrier (Family)|Harrier]] / [[AV-8C|AV-8]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7056-development-su-17m2-the-first-swing-wing-aircraft-in-war-thunder-en|[Devblog] Su-17M2 - the first swing-wing aircraft in War Thunder]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/519023-su-17m-2/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[wikipedia:Sukhoi_Su-17|[Wikipedia] Sukhoi Su-17]]

{{USSR jet aircraft}}