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J26

2022-04-09T16:15:18Z

U97742388: /* Manual Engine Control */

{{About
| about = Swedish fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions of this plane model
| link = P-51 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=p-51d-20-na_j26
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]]. This aircraft is the American [[P-51D-20-NA]] Mustang which was purchased by Sweden and given native markings.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The J26 is a very fast plane and quite agile at high speed, it is one of the fastest fighters at its battle rating. Being a Swedish version of the [[P-51D-20-NA|D-20 Mustang]], it has similar performance to the [[P-51D-5|D-5]] variant, meaning it can reach 596 km/h at sea level and 707 km/h at 7,500 m altitude. Also just like that variant, it has a really high dive speed limit, which was increased in this variant to 901 km/h. However, the climb rate is at best quite mediocre, especially compared to interceptors like the P-38 and even the P-47D-28 is better at climbing. It takes around 5 minutes to get to 5,000 m from sea level. Acceleration in level flight is also mediocre, it is slightly better than the early P-47D versions but worse than the Lightning and later Thunderbolts which use 150 octane fuel. The addition of the dorsal fin makes the J26 more stable in the yaw axis compared to the D-5 version and there is no difference in this aspect compared to the [[P-51D-10|D-10]]. Turn rate of both these planes is the same. At low speed, the J26 does not perform well, but as soon as the plane gets faster it also starts to turn tighter, even at really high speeds near the maximum.

The stall characteristics in the J26 depend a lot on its fuel load, it is really hard to stall out while turning with minimum fuel load and is able to fly at almost full elevator deflection. On the other hand, it stalls quite fast with full fuel tanks, also it gets less stable after loading with more than 30 minutes of fuel. The plane reaches its critical angle of attack near half elevator deflection below 500 km/h. The J26 stalling speed is very similar to those of the P-47 or P-63 series, and so has a high stall speed compared to other planes it can meet. Therefore, the J26 pilot should do their best to not fly at a low speed in order to stay above stall speed and also to make the most of the plane's performance in the skies.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 7,620 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 686 || 665 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 23.0 || 23.8 || 15.7 || 15.7 || rowspan="2" | 396
|-
! Upgraded
| 735 || 710 || 21.0 || 22.0 || 22.8 || 18.9
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 644 || 512 || 265 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 300 || < 500 || > 400
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 6.35 mm steel plate behind oil cooling system
* 8 mm steel plate behind pilot
* 11 mm steel plate head rest
* 38 mm bulletproof glass

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Research the modules in the following order: Go for the belts and then the radiator. Next, go for the compressor. After the compressor, go for the new MGs, followed by engine and then wings repair. Go for the G-suit, followed by the Injection, cover, airframe, and lastly, the bombs.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Akan m/45 (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 6 x 12.7 mm Akan m/45 machine guns, wing-mounted (270 rpg outer + 270 rpg middle + 500 rpg inner = 2,080 total)

The {{PAGENAME}} is outfitted with six 12.7 mm Akan m/45 machine-guns. These are identical to the American [[M2 Browning (12.7 mm)|M2 Browning]] found on other Mustangs, and performs equally favourably. The guns can be seen as a direct downgrade from the earlier [[Akan m/39 (13.2 mm)|13.2mm Akan m/39]] found on older planes, such as the [[J21A-2]]. Although a downgrade for good reason, it's important not to underestimate 12.7mm machine guns. Having six of them definitely helps, along with a relatively high ammunition count.

Historically the {{PAGENAME}} was initially meant to feature 13.2 mm machine-guns, similar to that of the planes before it. But since the surplus offer allowed Sweden to purchase .50 calibre ammunition and weaponry for incredibly cheap prices, the old 13.2mm was decided to be replaced entirely. This is the reason why planes after the {{PAGENAME}} such as the [[J21RA]], feature the American 12.7 mm instead of the Swedish 13.2 mm.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|mb m/37AT (50 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 50 kg mb m/37AT bombs (100 kg total)

The main difference between the Swedish {{PAGENAME}} and the American P-51D is the suspended armament. Sweden never intended the {{PAGENAME}} to be used in the role of Close Air Support like the Americans saw it, and thus the plane features little to no payload options. While the American P-51D-20 offers two 1,000 lb bombs, the Swedish {{PAGENAME}} has to live with two 50 kg bombs, positioned on the same pylon. These are very ineffective, especially compared to the American counterpart, but can still be used comfortably in Ground battles by an experienced pilot. An upside to smaller payloads is the reduced performance impact from carrying them. The {{PAGENAME}} can easily fend off opponents before dropping the payload, whereas the American P-51 needs to get rid of any ordnance before engaging in any aerial combat. The {{PAGENAME}} is best used in a tank line-up as the main fighter, as it has a small potential to score some ground frags, along with plenty of aerial ones.

== Usage in battles ==


The J26 is the breakout fighter from the original [[P-51]] design with some major changes which include the beefier Packard V-1650-7 inline engine, bubble canopy for increased pilot visibility and replacement of four 20 mm cannons for six 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns. While not the refined thoroughbred compared to Mustangs of later in the War, the J26 comes into its own as a multi-purpose fighter depending on the theatre of operation and mission requirements.

For the J26 to work properly as a fighter/interceptor, it needs to maintain its speed to catch enemy aircraft off-guard or to get away when the odds start to look grim. Immediately after spawning, this aircraft should begin its climb to higher altitudes where it can then capitalize on its potential energy, however, side-climbing is recommended otherwise the J26 will end up in the middle of two layers, lower and slower aircraft which don't climb well and those like the [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfire]], [[J2M (Family)|J2M]] or [[Bf 109 (Family)|Bf 109s]] which will easily out-climb the J26. Side climbing affords the calculating pilot the opportunity to reach a good altitude from which targets can then be selected and taken out. Here, options will include bomber hunting and Boom & Zooming. Keeping the aircraft's airspeed around 400 km/h (248 mph) will allow the pilot to play more on the offensive than running on the defensive.

Unless you are a skilled head-on attacker, this should be avoided as the airframe is fairly fragile, the engine will most likely absorb most of the damage leaking essential fluids or outright quitting, plus the pilot does not have very much protection from the canopy. If forced into a head-on, take evasive manoeuvres and make it difficult for the enemy fighter to get their sights lined up for a firing solution while they waste ammunition.

Again, while this aircraft becomes difficult to handle when flying slow, it is important to refrain from taking this fighter to the stall point unless you are specifically dragging an enemy fighter into a rope-a-dope or other stall-tactic fighting style. The J26 does not have a very strong rudder (avoid hammerheads or wing-overs), however, when working into a stall manoeuvre, before the aircraft's energy if fully depleted, perform a Split-S manoeuvre and let gravity help the engine get the fighter into a raging dive. Another option with stall-tactics is to work with a wingman, where one aircraft dupes an enemy to follow up in a climb as energy bleeds off, at that point, a wingman with plenty of energy can dive and take out the climbing enemy when they are reaching their apex and are going to be at their slowest, making for an easy target. Wing mates can alternate roles to ensure a continual supply of enemy aircraft to attack.

The J26 is agile enough to dogfight around larger fighters, attackers and bombers, however, it does lack when going against other single-engine fighters around its rank. To counter this inherent weakness, the Mustang should maintain its speed and concentrate on utilising Boom & Zoom tactics allowing it to flee the scene and set up for another attack on its terms. Even missing the target (or not fully destroying it) should not tempt the pilot to chase it down to finish it as this will ultimately bleed of crucial energy and even though successful in chasing down the enemy aircraft and finishing it off, the J26 is left in a vulnerably slow position where it then has to scrape back up to altitude as potential easy pickings for any patrolling enemy aircraft.

While this version of the Mustang is not outfitted with 20 mm cannons, having six [[Browning M2 (12.7 mm)|12.7 Akan m/45]] heavy machine guns can still result in devastating damage inflicted on the enemy. There are several options of ammunition which can be outfitted with this aircraft and they all have their purpose. One thing the pilot must keep track of is the amount of ammunition left after firing because two of the six guns have more ammunition than the other four; at one point damage output will decrease, however, the decrease in weight from the firing of the rounds will increase the aircraft's performance until the reload timer resupplies the aircraft or the pilot returns to base for a reload. Alternatively, for an even more effective method of downing enemy aircraft, use the "Stealth" belt.

While a very capable Boom & Zoom fighter, there are several suspended armament options which can be outfitted to the aircraft depending on the mission. While the additional bombs or rockets will increase the damage potential of the aircraft, there is a trade-off, a critical one, more weapons mean increased aircraft weight and therefore less manoeuvrability and engine performance. Rockets and bombs will turn this aircraft into a force multiplier as the rockets can be used against both aircraft (bombers), ground targets and fleet targets. Bombs, on the other hand, are strictly for land-based and fleet targets, however, they will be less effective against bases in compared to softer ground targets like anti-aircraft cannons, trucks, light tanks and some smaller pillboxes. While the armament on the J26 will be less effective against a base, it will allow the pilot to chip away at it barring any enemy fighters finding their way over to your location.

The J26 has many strengths and weaknesses compared to other aircraft in which it will face, the key is to know these limitations and to know which ones you can push and be successful and others which will leave you an easy enemy target. The key point to remember is speed is key, staying around 400 km/h (248 mph) will keep many options open to either run or attack and can be the deciding factor when facing an aircraft with superior qualities and still come out the victor and be credited with the title "rank does not matter."

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}
To solve the overheating problem set your radiator to 90% and oil radiator to 80%

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Outstanding Boom & Zoom capability - strictly limit turning manoeuvres
* Great performance at altitude
* Very fast at all altitudes, especially with a levelling-out dive
* Very agile at high speeds
* Good cockpit visibility
* Plenty of ammo
* Fantastic top speed and acceleration when spaded
* Very good sustained climb rate when spaded
* Has a super high rip speed for a prop plane
* G-Suit is researchable

'''Cons:'''

* Water will (eventually) run too hot if on 100% throttle, leave at 99% instead
* Overheats very quickly while using WEP, use very sparingly
* The fantastic Swedish 13 mm Akan from previous aircraft is missing, limiting the firepower
* No options for heavy bombs, unlike American P-51's
* Same gun as the P-51D-5 but with slightly worse belt options (no API-T belt which can be useful against aircraft)

== History ==

The J26 is the Swedish version of the famous American P-51 Mustang. The Swedish air force had amassed several P-51s that were forced to ditch in the neutral country and procured 161 P-51D aircraft once the arms embargo was lifted. These aircraft served in several roles, including the mapping of new Soviet weapons installations. The last J26 Mustangs were retired in 1953, and almost all remaining airframes were sold to foreign countries including Israel, the Dominican Republic, and Nicaragua.<ref name=":0">Henriksson, L. (2010)</ref><ref name=":1">K51d. (2008)</ref>

=== Procurement ===
[[File:Swedish Airforce P-51 Mustang.jpg|thumb|Swedish Air Force P-51D (J26) on display at Swedish Air Force Museum]]
At the beginning of the Second World War, Sweden had almost 300 aircraft on order from the United States. However, due to Sweden's neutrality and its relations with the Axis states, these orders were cancelled. As a result, the Swedish air force procured large amounts of aircraft from Italy including the [[CR.42]] and [[Re.2000 (Family)|Re.2000]]. During the early days of the war, several Allied pilots crash-landed their aircraft in Sweden due to emergencies or aircraft problems; their aircraft were interned due to Sweden's neutrality. As a result, the Swedish air force amassed several Allied P-51 airframes.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

Finally, in 1944, the Allied command allowed Sweden to procure surplus Allied aircraft; they were allowed to choose between the [[P-47 (Family)|P-47 Thunderbolt]] and [[P-51 (Family)|P-51 Mustang]]. They eventually settled on the P-51 and procured the first batch of 43 P-51B/D aircraft. These were known as the J26 in Swedish service. In 1946, an additional 90 P-51D aircraft were purchased to equip additional fighter wings, and in 1948, a final batch of 21 P-51 aircraft was purchased, mainly for use as reconnaissance aircraft.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

=== Operational history ===
The Swedish P-51s were frequently used as reconnaissance platforms, mapping out the locations of Soviet weapons emplacements.<ref name=":1" /> This meant that they frequently violated Soviet airspace; however, the J26's excellent maximum speed allowed them to escape from any pursuing Soviet fighters of the time. In 1950, trials were conducted to test the effectiveness of bomb and rocket mounts on the J26; however, they were found to be ineffective so the J26 remained in its original intended role of interceptor and fighter.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

By 1952, the J26 was in the process of being phased out of service, replaced by the de Havilland [[J28B|Vampire]] and SAAB [[J29 (Family)|J29]]. As a result, a large number of used airframes remained, which were sold to foreign buyers. In total, the Swedish armed forces procured 161 P-51 Mustangs; of these, 60 crashed and 8 were scrapped. The remaining aircraft were all sold to foreign buyers. Israel purchased 25 used J26s, the Dominican Republic purchased 42 airframes, and Nicaragua purchased 25 airframes. As a result, not a single J26 remained in Sweden. However, one Israeli Mustang was donated back to Sweden, and is now on display at the Swedish Air Force Museum, Linköping.<ref name=":0" />

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=sweden&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=fighter&vehicle=p-51d-20-na_j26 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|PmCWy_oH1po|'''The King Above! J26 Mustang - Sweden - Review!''' - ''Jengar''|wra7I717TXk|'''J26 - Second Line Fighter To The Top''' - ''Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[P-51 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/405630-p-51d/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[wikipedia:North_American_P-51_Mustang|[Wikipedia] North American P-51 Mustang]]
* [http://mustang.gaetanmarie.com/articles/sweden.htm <nowiki>[MUSTANG!]</nowiki> Swedish Mustangs]

=== References ===
<references />

=== Works Cited ===

* Henriksson, L. (2010, March 17). J 26 – North American P-51 Mustang (1945 - 1954). Retrieved November 20, 2020, from <nowiki>http://www.avrosys.nu/aircraft/Jakt/114j26/114J26.htm</nowiki>
* K51d. (2008). Swedish Mustangs. Retrieved November 20, 2020, from <nowiki>http://mustang.gaetanmarie.com/articles/sweden.htm</nowiki>

{{AirManufacturer NAA}}
{{Sweden fighters}}

Mörkö-Morane

2022-03-30T18:48:06Z

U97742388: /* Manual Engine Control */

{{Specs-Card
|code=morko_morane
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_morko_morane.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.97 "Viking Fury"]].

This aircraft is a Finnish modification of the French Morane-Saulnier M.S.406, as shown by the camouflage and markings. The name roughly translates as "Bogeyman-Morane" or "Monster-Morane", reflecting its unusual construction. The main differences between the original M.S.406 and the Mörkö-Morane are the engine and nose mounted weapon. The [[M.S.406C1]], which is featured in the game, has a Hispano-Suiza 12Y-31 12-cylinder inline engine and a 20 mm Hispano 404 cannon with 60 rounds of ammunition. In contrast, the Finnish Mörkö-Morane has a Soviet Klimov VK-105P 12-cylinder inline engine and a 12.7 mm Berezin UB heavy machine gun with 230 rounds of ammunition. Other airframe improvements include a more aerodynamic engine cowling (the nose is rounded instead of being squared-off like many French aircraft) and a [[Bf 109 (Family)|Bf 109]]-style oil cooler.

The new engine provides the Mörkö-Morane with over 300 more hp than the M.S.406C1, making it an excellent energy fighter. While the armament is rather light, it's adequate for the battle rating. Fans of Finnish aviation and those looking for a low-tier Swedish premium will greatly enjoy this Franken-aircraft.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The {{Specs|name}} has significantly better performance than the original M.S.406, which was historically considered a substandard aircraft. The main improvements result from the new engine. The VK-105P scavenged from crashed Soviet [[LaGG-3 (Family)|LaGG-3s]] is not particularly powerful, but it's a huge improvement over the underpowered HS 12Y. When mounted in such a small and light aircraft, the result is like the [[Yak-3]]: nice handling and excellent power-to-weight. Amusingly, the VK-105 was heavily based the HS 12Y, which likely made the conversion easier. In a roundabout way, the Soviets fixed a French fighter!

The 527 km/h top speed is comparable to the [[Hurricane Mk I/L]]. This is much faster than all biplanes and most early monoplanes, so the {{Specs|name}} will rarely have issues outrunning its opponents. The acceleration and climb rate are incredible at low altitudes. The turning capability is on par with the [[Yak-1]], which means that it can keep up with most enemy fighters in dogfights if uptiered, but low-rank aircraft will often outturn it. If played as an energy fighter, almost no contemporaries can match the {{Specs|name}}.

However, the original M.S.406 airframe was not designed to handle the kind of speeds that the {{Specs|name}} regularly reaches. The turning and roll performance will begin to compress early on, and during extended dives the handling can get quite brick-like. The actual wing rip speed of 756 km/h IAS is high for its rank and will not be a problem, but be sure to manage the airspeed for optimal shooting and maneuvering.

It should also be noted that the Soviet engine is tuned for low altitude performance. Stay under 3000 meters for optimal speed, climb, and acceleration. Though most early fighters perform poorly at high altitudes anyway, being caught by a [[MiG-3 (Family)|MiG-3]] at 5000 meters might not end well.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
|502||489|| rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} ||18.8||19.6||13.1||13.1|| rowspan="2" | 300
|-
! Upgraded
| 553 || 525 || 17.4 || 18.0 || 21.1 || 16.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || 270 || ~13 || ~9
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 310 || < 320 || < 400 || > 323
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The Mörkö-Morane has no armour protection (armour plates or armoured glass) for the pilot nor the critical components of the aircraft, this is a recurring theme at its BR and on different variations of Morane-Saulnier-designed aircraft. But thanks to the shape and size of the sturdy fuselage the pilot dies rarely from direct hits. Catastrophic fuel tank fires are also semi-rare due to the good positioning of the fuel tank (between the pilot and the engine). Though if the Mörkö does catch fire it usually breaks the engine or kills the pilot rather quickly.

The Russian Klimov VK-105P inline engine can take a surprisingly large amount of punishment, from the enemies and the pilot as well. It has quite a long WEP time which is limited by oxygen deprivation at higher altitudes, meaning that the WEP cannot be used after a certain altitude. The engine and its cooling systems can usually keep going long enough to get the plane and pilot back to the airfield on most maps after being hit, provided the engine doesn't catch fire.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Berezin UB (12.7 mm)|MAC 1934 (7.5 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 12.7 mm Berezin UB machine gun, nose-mounted (230 rpg)
* 2 x 7.5 mm MAC 1934 machine guns, wing-mounted (300 rpg = 600 total)

The single Berezin UB firing through the propeller hub is the {{Specs|name}}'s primary weapon. While it does not have much burst mass by itself, it works fine against the fragile fighters commonly seen at its rank. The Air targets belt will easily set opponents ablaze and is the best choice overall. The Ground targets belt has powerful cermet-core rounds and might be useful against lightly armored vehicles. 230 rounds is a decent supply but still try to conserve your ammunition. When attacking larger aircraft, try to aim for fuel tanks, cockpits, and engines for quick and efficient kills.

The twin MAC 1934s are decent as far as rifle-caliber MGs go, but they play second fiddle to the Berezin UB. They have a high rate of fire and shoot relatively small bullets that tend to spark upon glancing hits. The wing mounting makes convergence an issue and the ammo supply is rather low. Use them at close range and try the Universal or Tracers belts to set your enemies on fire.

== Usage in battles ==

The Mörkö Morane is an excellent fighter in Air Realistic battles, where its flight characteristics and weaponry make it very capable against both biplanes and monowing fighters. Firstly, the Mörkö Morane possesses a very good rate of climb. It is able to outclimb every biplane and practically every monowing plane that it might face; the only exceptions are bombers that receive an air-spawn (such as the [[Ju 87 (Family)|Ju 87]]) and early [[Bf 109 (Family)|Bf 109s]]. Against every other plane, the Mörkö Morane can have a great altitude advantage and choose exactly when it wants to engage. On that topic, deciding when to attack is a vital skill when flying this plane. Often, attacking bombers isn't worth it, since they can easily do more damage to you than you can do to them. As for fighters, it will very often be the case that if you leave the area for a minute or so, enemy fighters at or above your altitude will dive on your allies lower down. Then, you will have the altitude advantage and a more favourable position.

When the Mörkö Morane pilot does decide to dive on an enemy, they must do so carefully. The plane accelerates very quickly in a dive; so much that it rapidly loses control authority, especially in the roll axis. Not only does this made it very hard to get guns on target but it also increases the risk of not being able to pull up in time. To avoid this, it is often helpful to cut the throttle during dives and make gradual spirals downwards rather than a straight-down dive.

After the initial dive, it is very important to not engage in an extended turnfight. Against some opponents, this may work in your favour (this vehicle actually has an average turning rate), but most planes are able to outturn the Mörkö Morane in an extended battle. Biplanes especially are incredibly manoeuverable, and no monoplane should ever attempt to turn with them in a dogfight. Instead, use the speed gained from diving to zoom climb back to altitude; there is no need to throw away the Mörkö Morane's energy advantage by dogfighting. Instead, continue to boom and zoom the enemy until they are destroyed.

The Mörkö Morane has decent armament, but in high-speed passes there is sometimes not enough time on target for the guns to do their work. So, multiple boom and zoom attempts may be necessary, especially when attacking sturdier monoplanes. Biplanes will usually be destroyed quickly. This vehicle's guns can be used to effectively destroy unarmoured ground targets in Air Realistic battles. The 12.7 mm machine gun, which is by a considerable margin the most powerful gun on this plane, has less ammunition than the 7.5 mm guns. Trigger discipline is necessary if the pilot wants their ammunition load to last the round. If running low on 12.7 mm ammunition, it can be advisable to fire the 7.5 mm guns independently of it so that the more potent ammunition is preserved.

If the pilot finds that there is an enemy fighter on their tail, the best thing to do is to fly in a straight line. Unless the enemy is diving with a massive energy advantage, the Mörkö Morane will be able to pull away thanks to its amazing top speed. Then, the pilot can choose to re-engage the enemy on their own terms.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|}
Note: you can't use WEP while using supercharger gear 2

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very good top speed
* Great rate of climb
* Effective weaponry for its BR
* Good survivability
* Long WEP time at low to medium altitudes

'''Cons:'''

* Low ammo count
* No armour protection for pilot or critical components
* Rarely survives catching fire
* Control surfaces (especially ailerons) compress in dives
* WEP cannot be used at high altitudes

== History ==


The Soviet invasion of Finland in late 1939 marked the beginning of the Winter War. The Finnish Air Force was under-equipped, only having Bristol Blenheim bombers, Fokker D.XXI monoplanes, and Bristol Bulldog biplanes. New aircraft were needed to better resist the Soviet Air Force, which was much larger in number though largely equipped with older Polikarpov [[I-15 (Family)|I-15]] and [[I-16 (Family)|I-16]] fighters. Finnish units ended up performing excellently with these older aircraft owing to their better tactics, but the Finnish government continued to obtain whatever fighters were available from a wide variety of sources.

30 Morane-Saulnier M.S.406 fighters were delivered by France in February 1940. They likely saw little combat since the Winter War ended a month later. Germany's attack on the Soviet Union restarted combat between Finland and the Soviet Union, and at the start of the Continuation War in June 1941, the Finnish Air Force had a more modern and formidable selection of fighters. Germany delivered additional M.S.406 and M.S.410 fighters from captured French stocks to Finland over the next few years. At this point the M.S.406, already an unimpressive design, was in need of upgrades to better compete with modern Soviet aircraft. Aircraft designer Aarne Lakomaa devised a series of improvements to the M.S.406 using captured Soviet engines, airframe modifications, and improved armament. The result was the '''{{Specs|name}}''', which first flew in early 1943. The performance was far better than the M.S.406 and it was decided to apply this upgrade to all 41 Finnish examples of the French fighter.

However, the conversion process was slow and the first operational example was only delivered in mid 1944. The Continuation War ended shortly afterwards, at which point only 3 were produced. They managed to shoot down 3 Soviet aircraft when piloted by Lars Hattinen in their brief service. After negotiating a peace agreement with the Sovet Union, Finland declared war on Germany in September 1944, beginning the Lapland War. The {{Specs|name}}s were used for ground attack and reconnaisance. After the end of World War 2, the conversions were completed and the {{Specs|name}}s were used as advanced trainers until their retirement in 1952. They were scrapped and none are known to survive today.

There is some debate over the {{Specs|name}}'s armament. It is agreed that the initial plan was to arm them with a German MG151/20 cannon firing through the propeller hub. Some sources claim that the Soviet Berezin UB heavy machine gun was mounted instead on several examples since Finland did not have many MG151s in stock. Others claim that multiple armaments were tested, Berezin UB included, but ultimately all operational {{Specs|name}}s were equipped with the MG151/20.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=sweden&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=fighter&vehicle=morko_morane Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|s9Sjnr0weSc|'''Energy BEAST from the NORTH! {{PAGENAME}}!"''' - ''Jengar''|MsgMGZxVMPw|'''{{PAGENAME}} Review. A Finnish Monster''' - ''Joseph 2000''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/479189-morko-morane/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer MS}}
{{Sweden fighters}}
{{Sweden premium aircraft}}