War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

Ho 229 V3

2021-11-30T00:30:01Z

U94961779: /* History */

{{Specs-Card
|code=go229_v3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.43]].

The Ho 229 V3 is the first jet in the "Zerstörer" tech tree of the Luftwaffe and currently comes before the [[G.91 R/3]]. Ironically, it goes against much of the doctrine set by the previous planes, favouring speed and manoeuvrability over armament and durability.

Something that will immediately stand out with the Ho 229 V3 is how incredibly manoeuvrable it is compared to most other jet fighters. The Ho 229 V3 can almost quite literally turn on a dime and can even in some circumstances out-turn late super props such as the [[P-51H-5-NA|P-51H]] if manoeuvred correctly. However, if its manoeuvrability is used to its full extent, it also causes the plane to bleed speed at a crippling rate, making a sustained turn fight impossible to win. As such, it is advised to use the Ho 229 V3 as a Boom & Zoom fighter in order to maintain airspeed and altitude. Remember that jet engines' efficiency is directly proportional to the IAS, due to the increased air intake, meaning the Ho 229 V3 will be accelerating very slowly between 0-500 km/h, but beyond will be able to outrun any propeller-driven aircraft.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 8,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 871 || 847 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 24.8 || 25.4 || 17.0 || 16.1 || rowspan="2" | 850
|-
! Upgraded
| 950 || 910 || 23.4 || 24.0 || 25.5 || 21.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 558 || 529 || 380 || ~10 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 570 || < 600 || < 420 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Junkers Jumo 004D || 2
| colspan="3" | 4,800 kg || colspan="3" | 188 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 17m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 57m fuel
|-
| 750 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 5,541 kg || 5,667 kg || 6,088 kg || 6,720 kg || 7,255 kg || 7,500 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 17m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 57m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 1,050 kgf || N/A
| 0.38 || 0.37 || 0.34 || 0.31 || 0.29 || 0.28
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 1,050 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.38 || 0.37 || 0.34 || 0.31 || 0.29 || 0.28
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}
''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Given the Horten's weight, the acceleration is an issue on the stock plane. Go for ammunition, engine and compressor upgrades first.

After that, any upgrade is equally good. Weapon upgrades can wait, as the Mk 103 is the best gun in-game, with high accuracy and long bursts stock. The belts also shouldn't be a priority unless using the Ho 229 as an attacker. In that case, the "Armoured targets" belt is very useful against tanks & light pillboxes.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MK 103 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 30 mm MK 103 cannons, wing-mounted (170 rpg = 340 total)

====Ammunition====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|I|Incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}; okay against planes.
* '''Armoured targets:''' {{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|I|Incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}; the armoured target belt is different for the Ho 229 V3, compared to all other Mk 103 armed aircraft, and is only a 1/2 as effective, due to the belt being filled with incendiary shells.
* '''Air targets:''' {{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|I|Incendiary}}; each Minengeschoß (mine-shell) has the same HE power as a 37 mm round, wonderful against anything that flies and light ground targets.
* '''Stealth:''' {{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}; difficult to use; cannot destroy most tanks nor pillboxes, lacks the destructive force of HE shells against planes.

== Usage in battles ==

[[File:FighterImage_Ho-229Vunknown.jpg|thumbnail|Horten 229 Version 3 with its wings attached by the USAF in 1950.]]
The Horten 229 flying wing is a dogfighter, heavy-fighter, or even an attacker.

Its single wing design allows for amazing manoeuvrability despite its weight of up to 8 tonnes, when equipped with full fuel load. This is, however, the Horten's literal downfall; the weight. Its acceleration is awful, even for jets. But the energy retention is great and climb acceptable. With that in mind rule number one of jet battle comes into play: do not turnfight! The 229 will tempt anyone though. The low wing loading for a jet and even some piston planes allows for tight turning circles. Being heavy also allows to keep that velocity well in the initial turns, but with the inability to regain that speed afterwards... leads to a flaming wreck thanks to an opportunistic enemy. The classic dogfight is thus only for emergency situations!

As a fighter, stick with Boom & Zoom, in which the Ho 229's heavy weight is of assistance in zoom climbs. However, it will also dampen the Horten's starting acceleration in a dive, making out diving an enemy difficult. The bad roll rate makes it hard to get some shots on target, But watch out! Don't pull too hard on the elevator to get that shot, or the Horten will lose much speed (which cannot be regained quickly) or rarely, lose a wing.

The heavy fighter role equals the fighter one in every aspect, just that the targets are usually bombers. Stay fast, and try to get shots off in head-ons, or in slight diving turns from the bomber's six (tail), to make it difficult for the defensive gunners to hit the Ho 229.

The attacker role is a dangerous one. The Ho 229 will have to fly slow, in order to have time to properly aim, hit & evade trees. While all of these aren't difficult in the Horten 229 V3, it leaves the plane in a dangerous spot: low and without speed. Both are vital though for the sluggish plane. In this role, be sure to have good escort fighters, as enemies can come at any time in jet combat.

Once the Horten is fully upgraded, or at least the performance parts are, one detail to notice is that the wings won't rip so easily like before, but the Ho 229 still has to turn cautiously, because it is still a wooden plane after all.

Perhaps the most dangerous enemy of the Horten 229 is the F-84 Thunderjet. Since the Thunderjet gets an air spawn it already has all the energy it needs to get around the map quickly. There are occasions when players spawn in late, only to be strafed by an F-84 Thunderjet on the runway. The Ho-229 is decent at accelerating once up to about 550 km/h, past that point, the Ho 229 becomes a V2 rocket in terms of acceleration until about ~750-800 km/h, then there will be a hard time accelerating again.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent armament, MK 103 is one of the best guns in the game
* Great ammunition supply with 170 rounds per gun
* Low wing loading, incredibly good at turning when flown at medium speeds (400-600 km/h)
* Good energy retention if not manoeuvred too harshly
* Outruns piston-engine aircraft and all Allied jets, except for the F-84 Thunderjet when up-tiered
* Low stall speed of 165 km/h
* Fast when diving if flown at medium to high speeds before committing to a dive
* The air brake can bleed airspeed efficiently

'''Cons:'''

* Acceleration is slow- even its initial acceleration in a dive
* Only 1/4 of its armoured target belt is comprised of HVAP-T shells, unlike other MK 103 equipped aircraft, which have only HVAP-T shells
* Is easy to hit, cause of the size
* Easy to destroy wings in hard turns at high speed
* Terrible yaw rotation
* Poor roll rate - Significantly hinders the ability to counter defensive scissors
* Slow rate of fire results in occasional misses when sweeping quickly behind enemies if aiming at wings, which have a thin profile
* Have to land slow, cause of the lack of brakes
* Loses speed quickly in elevator turns
* Gets matched against enemy jets that have superior performance
* The cannons have a large dispersion cone.

== History ==

The Horten H.IX, RLM designation Ho 229 (or Gotha Go 229 for extensive re-design work done by Gotha to prepare the aircraft for mass production) was a German prototype fighter/bomber initially designed by Reimar and Walter Horten to be built by Gothaer Waggonfabrik late in World War II. It was the first flying wing to be powered by jet engines.

The design was a response to Hermann Göring's call for light bomber designs capable of meeting the "3×1000" requirement; namely, to carry 1,000 kilograms (2,200 lb) of bombs a distance of 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) with a speed of 1,000 kilometres per hour (620 mph). Only jets could provide the speed, but these were extremely fuel-hungry, so considerable effort had to be made to meet the range requirement. Based on a flying wing, the Ho 229 lacked all extraneous control surfaces to lower drag. It was the only design to come even close to the requirements, and received Göring's approval. Its ceiling was 15,000 metres (49,000 ft.[[File:FighterImage_Draeger suit from the side.jpeg|thumb|right|Pilot with Draeger suit in Ho 229]]

In the early 1930s, the Horten brothers had become interested in the flying wing design as a method of improving the performance of gliders. The German government was funding glider clubs at the time because production of military and even motorized aircraft was forbidden by the Treaty of Versailles after World War I. The flying wing layout removed the need for a tail and associated control surfaces and theoretically offered the lowest possible weight, using wings that were relatively short and sturdy, and without the added drag of the fuselage. The result was the Horten H.IV.

In 1943, Reichsmarschall Göring issued a request for design proposals to produce a bomber that was capable of carrying a 1,000 kilograms (2,200 lb) load over 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) at 1,000 kilometres per hour (620 mph); the so-called "3×1000 project". Conventional German bombers could reach Allied command centers in Great Britain, but were suffering devastating losses from Allied fighters. At the time, there was no way to meet these goals—the new Junkers Jumo 004B turbojets could provide the required speed, but had excessive fuel consumption.

The Hortens concluded that the low-drag flying wing design could meet all of the goals: by reducing the drag, cruise power could be lowered to the point where the range requirement could be met. They put forward their private project, the H.IX, as the basis for the bomber. The Government Air Ministry (Reichsluftfahrtministerium) approved the Horten proposal, but ordered the addition of two 30 mm cannons, as they felt the aircraft would also be useful as a fighter due to its estimated top speed being significantly higher than that of any Allied aircraft.

The H.IX was of mixed construction, with the center pod made from welded steel tubing and wing spars built from wood. The wings were made from two thin, plywood panels glued together with a charcoal and sawdust mixture. The wing had a single main spar, penetrated by the jet engine inlets, and a secondary spar used for attaching the elevons. It was designed with a 7g load factor and a 1.8× safety rating; therefore, the aircraft had a 12.6g ultimate load rating. The wing's chord/thickness ratio ranged from 15% at the root to 8% at the wingtips. The aircraft utilized retractable tricycle landing gear, with the nosegear on the first two prototypes sourced from a He 177's tailwheel system, with the third prototype using an He 177A main gear wheelrim and tire on its custom-designed nosegear strutwork and wheel fork. A drogue parachute slowed the aircraft upon landing. The pilot sat on a primitive ejection seat. A special pressure suit was developed by Dräger. The aircraft was originally designed for the BMW 003 jet engine, but that engine was not quite ready, and the Junkers Jumo 004 engine was substituted.

Control was achieved with elevons and spoilers. The control system included both long-span (inboard) and short-span (outboard) spoilers, with the smaller outboard spoilers activated first. This system gave a smoother and more graceful control of yaw than would a single-spoiler system.

Given the difficulties in design and development, Russell Lee, the chair of the Aeronautics Department at the National Air and Space Museum, suggests an important purpose of the project for the Horten Brothers was to prevent them and their workers from being assigned to more dangerous roles by the German military.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=go229_v3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|INb9VjLxKf0|'''Most unusual aircraft''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 5:54 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|hNfRQMZUMQg|'''The Shooting Range #195''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:05 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|80rCNzTtk9w|'''{{PAGENAME}} Gameplay''' - ''PhlyDaily''|1iGO6MPhC_A|'''{{PAGENAME}} - Gameplay and Tips''' - ''WhooptieDo''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/189462-horten-ho-229-v3/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Gothaer}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

Fw 190 A-1

2021-11-29T00:12:19Z

U94961779: /* Usage in battles */

{{About
| about = German fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Fw 190 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=fw-190a-1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.39]]. The Focke-Wulf Fw 190 Wuerger (Shrike) was a single-seat, single-engine monoplane fighter used by the Luftwaffe in WWII. One of the best fighters of the time, it was widely used during the Second World War. A total of over 20,000 were produced, including some 6,000 fighter-bomber variants. The 190 remained in production from 1941 until the end of the war, going through multiple redesigns. The Fw 190 made a name for itself as a true Luftwaffe workhorse and was used in a wide variety of roles, including a high-altitude interceptor (especially the [[Fw 190 D-9|Fw 190 D]]), escort fighter, [[Fw 190 F-8|fighter-bomber]] and night fighter.

"Würger" is the German nickname of this beast of a plane. It can be translated as slayer, choker, or strangler. In that regard fits the English designation well too: "Butcher-bird"

The Fw 190A-1, as all the planes in this line, are some of the best Boom and Zoomers in the game and should be flown exclusively in this style. The performance at high speeds is excellent, as is their dive and zoom characteristics. Do not ever engage in a turnfight as a "furball" with superior turners such as the A6M2 will end badly. Instead fight mainly in the vertical. Try to have an altitude, or speed advantage over your opponents (by climbing to the side at the start of the battle and then enter the highest battle you see). It is still possible to subdue your opponent with the A-1 due to the fantastic roll rate of the "Würger".

Unlike the later 190 line ([[Fw 190 A-8|A-8]] and up), the A-1 through [[Fw 190 A-5|A-5]] all possess higher turn capabilities than the rest of the line. The A-1 can, in general, out turn less manoeuvrable planes such as the [[LaGG-3 (Family)|LaGG-3]]. Still, it is not recommended to out-turn, as the A-1 will be placed with many higher-manoeuvring fighters.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

Your control surfaces become noticeably less responsive at low speeds so keep up to speed.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 629 || 615 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.3 || 22.1 || 10.9 || 10.9 || rowspan="2" | 450
|-
! Upgraded
| 676 || 652 || 19.2 || 20.2 || 17.9 || 14.1
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 700 || 310 || ~14 || ~7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 420 || < 300 || < 550 || > 320
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 468 m || 1,512 hp || 1,633 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 4,283 m || 1,468 hp || 1,585 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 57 mm Bulletproof glass in front of pilot.
* 8 & 12 mm Steel plates on pilot's seat.
* 3 & 5 mm Steel plates in front of oil cooling system.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

While the Focke Wulf retains it dive abilities even without all upgrades, getting to a vantage point to utilize these strength can prove difficult. Therefore unlocks in the category "flight performance" are a must, especially those which grant increased climb rate (e.g. "Engine", "Compressor"). New 20 mm belts are also a good choice, as the "Air targets" belt improves the damage significantly. "Stealth" belt for the 20 mm is also favorable due to the composition of the belt, consisting of 3/5 Minengeschoß, and the lack of tracers make aiming easier by not notifying your enemy of your shots, keeping them calm. The 20 mm cannon upgrade is hardly worth though, it tends to run out of ammo before it can overheat, but they can reduce cannon spread. Different story for the 7 mm LMGs though. They should be a tertiary priority.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG FF/M (20 mm)|MG 17 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm MG FF/M cannons, wing-mounted (60 rpg = 120 total)
* 2 x 7.92 mm MG 17 machine guns, nose-mounted (900 rpg = 1,800 total)
* 2 x 7.92 mm MG 17 machine guns, wing-mounted (1,000 rpg = 2,000 total)

Unlike the [[He 112 B-0]] with 2 x MG FF cannons, the Fw 190 has 2 x MG FF/M cannons, which are identical except for the re-engineered shells and barrel for the MG FF/M. The "M" variant has access to the deadly Minengeschoss shells (mine shells) that can wreak havoc on most planes at the rank. However, keep in mind the brutally low velocity of the MG FF/M shells. Fire when within 400 m of your quarry for best results.

The MG 17 LMGs are not effective against most planes. However, when equipped with Stealth belts these MGs can turn into powerful anti-ground destroyers. Armoured cars and AAA are great targets for the MGs.

Watch your ammo count. Like the [[Spitfire Mk IIb]], the Fw 190 A-1 has only 60 rpg. The lower fire rate of the MG FF/M cannons can work in your favour, however.

== Usage in battles ==
The Fokewulf is a slow plane but what it doesn't have in speed it certainly makes up in firepower.The Fokewulf fires explosive Minengeshoß rounds which are good for making short work on bomber planes.Therefore a good strategy in battle is to focus on the bombers and large planes, a good way to take on these planes is to stay behind and below them not allowing them to hit you with their tail guns,Go upwards and fire at the wings and engines destroying the target and making sure you can stabilise your altitude before you begin to stall therefore allowing you to move on to the next target

When engaging enemy fighters, do it on your terms by climbing first to gain an altitude and energy advantage. Perform boom and zoom attacks by flying over your target, gaining speed by diving towards and take them out before they can evade. You can then clim back quickly at a secure altitude before any opposition tries to catch up. In Arcade, you can go bomber hunting, as you are not limited by ammo count and the Minengeschoß will make short work of the bombers. Finally, you can also perform ground attack on soft targets. Remember to maintain speed when ground-pounding, as an enemy fighter can blow you out of the air if you have no energy.

When attacked, you can often just dive away from planes, such as [[Spitfire Mk IIb|Spitfires]] and [[La-5]]s, but you need to be at a decent altitude to gain top speed, so do not be to quick to dive after an enemy, if they fly below your plane. Unless you are higher then everybody else, or alone. Just be sure then to have the time to regain the lost altitude. The Fw 190 A-1's superb roll rate also allows for going on a horizontal evasive. In a dive the 190 can, due its short wings, pull quite some stunts to either lose the hunter, or even make him loose his own wings.

Sharp rolling scissors can be effective. This is favourable strategy against [[La-5 (Family)|La-5]], [[Yak-9 (Family)|Yak9]] & Spitfire fighters who have due their low wingloading (and partly wooden wings for the Soviets), less resistance against high G manoeuvres. Again be sure to regain your energy by a zoom-climb. Just look out while doing so, many pilots die as they do not notice a second enemy aircraft approaching. German proverb:"Wenn Zwei sich streiten, freut sich der Dritte." ~ "When two quarrel, the third will reap the success." Of course this could also be you.

;Specific enemies worth noting

When flying this plane, a common foe will be Spitfires due to the fact that they can climb higher than you and also out turn you by a significant margin. However, as they have weaker wings, a dive with rolls to change direction will send them crashing to their deaths.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Plenty of LMG ammo
* Great top speed
* Great energy retention & zoom-climbs
* Great high-speed manoeuvrability
* Great roll rate
* Decent steady climb rate
* One of the more agile 190s
* Cannons are more than enough against all fighters given Air targets belts
* Excellent flaps

'''Cons:'''

* Low ammo for cannons
* No external payloads for use against ground forces
* MG FF/M inferior to MG 151/20
* Less durable than later Fw 190s
* Elevator is not too responsive, takes time to get used to it
* Poor stall control; a problem which persists in all 190s
* Poor turn rate

== History ==


===Design===
The Focke Wulf Fw 190 was a highly advanced aircraft for its time and was given the nickname 'Würger' (Shrike), it was nicknamed "The Butcher Bird" because of its killing ability. The aircraft had speed and durability as its main strengths. The aircraft was all metal with a stressed all-duralumin skin.

===Development===
The Fw 190 was conceived in 1937 , the first prototype flew in June 1939. The undercarriage was wide-tracked, which gave the Fw 190 much greater stability compared to the Bf 109 and allowed it to take off and land on runways that other German fighters such as the Bf 109 found difficult. The first tests of the aircraft were in 1940 and few problems were discovered. Focke-Wulf completed 102 190 A-1s at the Bremen and Marienburg factories between June and October 1941. The previous A-0 was a production test run and saw no front-line fighting.

===Combat usage===
The A-1 series was the first of the Fw 190s to be used in active combat sorties. It first went into battle in the summer of 1941. The first combat model had a top speed of 388 mph from its 1600 hp engine. The first record of combat was with Spitfires in June 1941 where the Fw 190 performed well though the pilots complained of a lack of firepower. This criticism led to the Mk II version, which had two wing-mounted synchronised 20 mm cannons and two MG 17 guns. The Mk II version had a top speed of 382 mph. This armament and speed made it a match for the Mk V Spitfire that was in service then.

Over the channel and after the battle of Britain, the Luftwaffe faced harassment in form of "Circus Operations".
Continuous attacks by daylight bombers ([[Blenheim Mk IV|Bristol Blenheim]]), heavily guarded by fighter squadrons flying [[Spitfire Mk Vb/trop|Spitfire V]]. These were not strategical, or even tactical assaults, but distractions, to keep German forces bound to the Western front, giving the Eastern front a little more freedom. They were however ineffective and required only little countermeasures.

The same tactics used by the British six months earlier were now adopted by the Germans.

One of these squadrons facing this flying circus was JagdGeschwader 26 equipped with Bf 109 F-4 and the new Fw 190 A-1.

In July 1941, parts of JG26 were moved to Le Bourget. Here they were the first to be trained on the Focke Wulf 190 A-1. Following August, the 6. squadron of Gruppe II was equipped entirely with the new fighter and until September the entire group was refitted. Still [[Bf 109 F-4|Bf 109F-4]] remained in service with them and ultimately the Messerschmitt would stick as the units fighter type. They remained at the channel coast until the end of year. With 79 aerial victories, but only 24 total losses, the Fw 190 gained its first prestige.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=fw-190a-1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|PIVWv96kKOI|'''How To Fly The {{PAGENAME}} - Tutorial And Gameplay''' - ''TheLoganatorz''|pNNDfnXOMSo|'''{{PAGENAME}} Defensive Techniques Tutorial I''' - ''Green Fury''|_xdMVz4-XP8|'''{{PAGENAME}} Defensive Techniques VS Spitfires Tutorial II''' - ''Green Fury''|Cco0ISu6nr8|'''{{PAGENAME}} - Death By Realism''' - ''Napalmratte'' Review starts at 03:16|vtCKzvbLfNg|'''The Shooting Range #18''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 03:03 discusses the Fw 190 A.}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Fw 190 (Family)]]

;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* [[I-185 (M-82)]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.ru/index.php?/topic/92003-fw-190-a-1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance (Russian Forum)]
* [[wt:en/news/520--en|[Special] Flight of the "Butcher Bird"]]
* [[wikipedia:Focke-Wulf_Fw_190|[Wikipedia] Focke-Wulf Fw 190]]

{{AirManufacturer Focke-Wulf}}
{{Germany fighters}}

He 100 D-1

2021-11-24T12:07:03Z

U94961779: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=he_100d_1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.65 "Way of the Samurai"]].

He 100 is by loose definition a Boom and Zoom aircraft. Being the fastest plane at its rank, the He 100 enjoys a world of possibilities and tactics. If one attack run isn't enough to destroy the enemy, just extend or go into a zoom climb (which is aided by the plane's very good climb rate). When played with discipline, this tactic allows the He 100 to dominate almost every match it plays.

The He 100's biggest weakness is its cooling system, which is distributed all over the aircraft, especially in the nose and wings. If hit, there's a roughly 70% chance that it will begin to leak water and overheat, requiring an almost immediate return to base. Because of this, is vital to prioritize the safety of the aircraft when in battle. Even one stray bullet can be enough to send this plane back to the hangar.

Another weakness is the armament, which consists of only 3 x 7.92 mm MG 17 machine guns, which do not have the stopping power to take out bombers or more heavily armoured aircraft. Also, the ammunition supply is not extraordinarily large, so some trigger discipline will be required.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 651 || 635 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.1 || 21.9 || 13.8 || 13.7 || rowspan="2" | 350
|-
! Upgraded
| 693 || 670 || 19.0 || 20.0 || 19.9 || 16.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 487 || 471 || 280 || ~12 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 340 || < 420 || < 400 || > 312
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 4,000 m || 1,020 hp || 1,081 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 10 mm Steel plate behind the pilot
* No armour glazing
* Critical components located at front of aircraft (fuel, pilot, engine, controls)
* Oil cooling system in vertical and horizontal stabilizers
* Oil cooling system in the upper rear fuselage
* Liquid cooling system in wings

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 17 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 7.92 mm MG 17 machine gun, nose-mounted (500 rpg)
* 2 x 7.92 mm MG 17 machine guns, wing-mounted (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

The three machine guns are arranged with one in each wing and one in the nose. Each is armed with the same amount of ammunition, which means that all guns will fire together until empty.

== Usage in battles ==

Disclaimer - He 100 is not a "beginner-friendly" plane, but in skilled hands, it can perform nothing short of miracles.

When flying it, try to build altitude right away, in most situations the He 100 will be the highest plane on both teams by the time the initial engagement begins. Pick off solo targets, prioritizing by ''altitude'' and ''not by enemy plane''. If the enemy plane dives away, do not chase. When guaranteed that the He 100 has height superiority on both teams, use BnZ to pick off-targets. ''Do not turn fight'' unless certain the target can be shot down and the plane will not get hit by ''anything'' in the process.

A good tactic is to try to get the enemy to stall, due to the HE 100 being incredibly fast for its br you can shoot up and dive down to stall the enemy while you shoot, this stategy is not without its flaws though. if you fly up to high you might stall yourself, or you might fall to fast and crash. Therefore the best srategy is to climb high early on and try to bait an enemy into following you up, then looping to dive down destroying the enemy and swooping up.

Sitting on the enemy tail is not a valid strategy due to a low calibre armament; a better strategy would be to dive and placing accurate shots at the pilot or fuel tanks of the enemy plane. Altitude is a very helpful friend. There will not be a single plane that the He 100 cannot outrun in any matchup. The He 100 is a very fragile piece of machine and will not take kindly to any damage at all. Avoid at all costs any head-ons or dangerous situations that will leave the plane vulnerable. As the game progresses to the "late-game", speed will carry games. Having the ability to chase off and pick off lonely and possibly damaged planes, is when the true strength of this plane shines. Use your excellent speed to quickly retreat to base for refuelling or rearming. In skilled hands, an He 100 is an absolutely devastating machine, capable of winning pretty much every game.

It is highly recommended to use stealth belts with this aircraft. Not only do they contain a high level of AP rounds, which are great for sniping pilots/ gunners and disabling engines, but it also allows you to fire on an enemy without tracer rounds giving your position away. This can give you some much needed time to place more shots on a target while they hesitate to try and locate you. Of course, it also means that you have to aim carefully, as there are no tracers to help you aim.

If you find yourself on the tail of something well armoured like an IL 2, it is best to aim for the wings. With luck, you will manage to remove the wing from the enemy aircraft, or at least cause some damage to fuel tanks. Engines are also a good target, especially on bombers. You are an extremely fragile aircraft, so be very careful of defensive gunners. Even low calibre guns are a big threat. Beware of tailing aircraft like the Bristol Beaufort and B-34, as the defensive .50 cals will be able to take you out from over a kilometre away. A single 12.7 mm round through your engine block or into the cockpit will end the He 100.

Despite a large amount of cooling systems on the aircraft, both water and oil will overheat quickly, especially when using WEP. It is advised that you watch your coolant temperatures frequently, as it is not uncommon to damage your own engine after staying on red temperatures for too long. It is important to mention that the manual engine control settings are identical to those of the Bf 109 series.

If tailed, it is recommended that you use WEP and try to run away, because even a small burst of their machine guns can badly damage your oil/cooling system, forcing you to return to the airfield for repairs. Using the Tracer belt can be useful for taking down enemy aircraft from almost 1 kilometer away, and with the 3 MGs right in the middle of your aircraft, expect lots of hits. This plane and its great engine allow you to hunt bombers by either tailing and destroying engines, or doing a vertical climb and shooting the nose of it, killing the pilot without a high risk of a machine gunner shooting you.

====Specific enemies worth noting====
Whilst you hold a top place for speed and climb rate, there are still planes that can take you out. Do not engage anything in a turn fight, even if you think you can win. It will make you bleed energy and vulnerable to other fighters. Even 7.7mm machine guns are a big threat to the He 100, so even biplanes can be a threat if they take you off guard. Head-ons are a massive no-no in this aircraft, as you will almost certainly be destroyed or come out with severe engine/cooling system damage.

MiG 3-15- A good climber, well-armed and quite fast. It is a big threat at high altitudes where it performs best.

Spitfire Mk Ia/ Mk IIa- Whilst the Spitfire does not perform well at high altitudes, it is the king at low altitude combat. Targeting a Spitfire can be difficult due to its great manoeuvrability, while its 8 7.7 mm machine guns will rip you to pieces if they find their target.

Bombers in general- Anything with defensive firepower can be a threat to the He 100. It is not advisable to target any bombers unless you are certain that you can destroy it quickly. Most bombers will simply soak up your 7.92 mm machine guns, taking minor damage. Meanwhile, any hits you take are liable to cause water leaks, which will eventually cause your engine to fail.

If flown properly at its BR range, the He 100 can be untouchable. Nothing can catch it in level flight, nearly nothing can catch it in a climb and it can out dive almost anything. As speed, dive rate and climb rate become some of the more important traits in later rank aircraft, the He 100 can be used in later rank combat quite effectively. The three machine guns remain adequate against most fighters up to rank IV, as long as you aim for weak points like the wings, engine or pilot.

Later rank aircraft to look out for:

La 5 and La 7 - The La range are some of the first proper Russian Boom & Zoom aircraft, with powerful engines, great climbing ability and deadly armament. Their energy retention is excellent and they will be able to keep up with you in a climb. Just a short burst from their cannons will obliterate you. When engaging them, employ Boom and Zoom tactics. Always climb at the start of the match, pick your target and then dive on it from above. Strafe it with machine gunfire. If you are lucky, you will destroy or cripple the target. If you do not, climb away using your energy from the dive and repeat. In other words, always ensure that you have an energy advantage. Diving on them in a surprise attack is the ideal way to take them out.

====Counter-tactics====
The He 100 can be a very frustrating aircraft to fight if it is in the right hands. When used strictly as a Boom and Zoomer, it can simply fly across the map, strafing other planes and then climbing away, steadily wearing down its opponents while being impossible to catch. The best way to take one out is to try to force it into a turn fight, where it will lose energy and become an easy target. If the pilot is disciplined and refuses to engage in a turn fight, try to gain an altitude advantage and dive onto the He 100 as it climbs.

Any damage this aircraft takes (especially to the engine and wings), will soon cause the aircraft's engine to fail. So any opportunity you get to fire at a He 100, even if at long range, should be taken, as it will likely result in a water or oil leak. Therefore a head-on attack will almost always kill or critically damage the He 100.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very high speed, can reach 640 km/h (397 mph) in level flight, dive speed can go up to 850-900 km/h (RB). No competition until Rank IV
* Decent turn time and roll rate
* Excellent climb rate and energy retention
* Relatively good ammo count at 500 RPG
* Amazing high altitude performance
* Often faces biplanes, which are easy prey for the He 100
* Can perform exceptionally well against most planes if used correctly
* Performs well in higher rank matches, where you will still be able to outrun most enemy aircraft
* Stealth ammo belt has a high proportion of AP rounds, sacrifices chemical damage from more penetration (Could also be seen as a con)

'''Cons:'''

* Very fragile. Most shots taken will cripple the cooling systems or engine
* Not a plane for "new" players to spray rounds on target, needs some skill with aiming at enemy weak spots
* Only has three 7.92 mm machine guns, which can make destroying things difficult
* Armament is ineffective against bombers and well-armoured planes like the IL-2
* Oil and water will easily overheat at over 95% throttle
* Poor rudder control

== History ==


The [[He 112 (Family)| He 112]] was the Heinkel company's first attempt at making a modern monoplane fighter after having previously designed assorted transport aircraft, airliners, reconnaissance planes, and biplane fighters. By 1936 it had lost to the rival [[Bf 109 (Family)| Messerschmitt Bf 109]] in the Luftwaffe's competition due to its largely inferior performance and difficulty of construction, and it was relegated to export only. Heinkel was left licking its wounds and the company begin developing an aircraft that could surpass and replace the Bf 109. The He 112 was determined to be a dead end in terms of potential, so a new design with simpler construction and cleaner aerodynamics was pursued—lessons learned well from the He 112's failings.

The resulting aircraft, known internally as "Project 1035", used many new and advanced features. It used a novel evaporative cooling system previously tested on the prototype He 119 reconnaissance aircraft. Unfortunately, due to all blueprints of the He 100 being destroyed in a bombing raid, the exact details of the engine workings are unknown, but it is thought that liquid coolant was pumped through the engine, where it absorbed heat and evaporated, and then proceeded to flow through radiators in the wings and fuselage. The cold external airflow would condense the coolant and the resulting liquid coolant was pumped back into the engine to start the cycle anew. This refrigerator-like cooling method caused less drag than traditional oil coolers. The DB 601 engine used by the Bf 109 and Bf 110 was used and the exhaust vents were piped to provide some extra thrust. The engine was installed very tightly with the airframe and other aspects of the Project 1035 like the wings and landing gear were as sleek as possible.

Work proceeded quickly and the Project 1035 was completed in mid-1937. The Luftwaffe was not particularly interested in a Bf 109 replacement at this point, but still an order was placed for several experimental and pre-production aircraft. It was originally to be designated as the He 113, but Heinkel preferred a rounder and perhaps less unlucky number and convinced the Luftwaffe to name it the '''He 100'''.

The He 100 first flew in early 1938. Flight characteristics were good but the temperature changes in the wings caused by the cooling setup distorted and damaged the airframe and skin. Subsequent examples featured modifications in an attempt to correct this, though the cooling system in general remained problematic. The second prototype set a speed record of 631 km/h at 6000 m and the fourth achieved 665 km/h at 5000 m. The 8th prototype used a souped-up engine and managed to reach 747 km/h, Germany's first absolute speed record, but was soon upstaged by Messerschmitt's Me 209 race aircraft, which achieved 755 km/h. Plans were made to win the record back by running the engine at very hot settings, but at this point further record attempts were halted.

Records aside, the He 100 had several obstacles in becoming a Bf 109 replacement. The Luftwaffe was only interested in adopting the He 100 if it used another engine instead of the DB-601 used by the Bf 109. Unfortunately the He 100 design was not compatible with the closest alternative, the Jumo 211 (mostly used by bombers like the [[He 111 (Family)|He 111]]), without extensive modifications and performance penalties. Meanwhile Focke-Wulf managed to meet these requirements with the [[Fw 190 (Family)|Fw 190]] and won a contract that would result in one of the best German fighters of the war.

The He 100 D-series were closer to production aircraft, having revised cockpit canopies and machine gun armament. Some sources claim that they were equipped with cannons and perhaps this was Heinkel's intention, but this did not materialize on actual aircraft. Japan and the Soviet Union were interested in acquiring the He 100 and several examples were shipped to each. The Japanese military was highly impressed by the "AXHe1" and purchased a license for domestic production. However Heinkel was unable to deliver the necessary documentation and this plan did not come to fruition. The '''He 100 D-1''' mark was also initially received well in the Soviet Union, but after further inspection the military concluded that it was more of a racer than a combat aircraft. Alexander Yakovlev reportedly claimed that a few bullet holes in the wing were all that was needed to disable the He 100. There is some debate over to what extent this would have been true. Still, even if a few punctures could be tolerated for a while, the He 100 would have been more fragile and maintenance heavy than traditional fighters.

The He 100 ultimately did not see any combat service with the Luftwaffe or any export customers. Heinkel used several as a part of a factory defense unit but they did not engage in any combat. The Luftwaffe did use several examples as part of a propaganda campaign: publishing photos of repainted He 100s in assorted service colors, they concocted a non-existent "He 113" fighter that managed to fool the British military for some time. No He 100s are known to survive today, though a mock-up is on display in the California location of the Planes of Fame Museum in the United States.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=germany&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=fighter&vehicle=he_100d_1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|J43vCE-Fo30|'''The Shooting Range #67''' - ''War Machines'' section at 00:26 discusses the He 100 D-1.|x8LVKOlnQdE|'''The Shooting Range #31''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 02:20 discusses the He 100.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/341955-he-100-d/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Heinkel}}
{{Germany fighters}}

SMS Helgoland

2020-11-24T12:55:26Z

U94961779: /* History */

{{Specs-Card|code=germ_battleship_helgoland}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German battleship {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "New Power"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===

''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

== Armament ==
=== Primary armament ===

{{main|305 mm/50 SK L/50 (305 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

=== Secondary armament ===

{{main|150 mm/45 SK L/45 (150 mm)|88 mm/45 casemate SK L/45 (88 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

=== Torpedo armament ===

{{main|G6c (500 mm)}}

''Torpedo launchers are standard equipment on many ships and boats. Torpedoes are a significant means of defeating an opponent. Evaluate the position of the torpedo launchers, discuss the ammunition available, firing specifics such as dead zones, features of the torpedoes themselves, etc. If there is no torpedo armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! Seakeeping
! colspan="2" | Unsinkability
! colspan="2" | Firepower
|-
| I
| Dry-Docking
| Tool Set
|
| 305 mm Psgr. L/3.4
|
|-
| II
| Rudder Replacement
| Fire Protection System
|
| Auxiliary Armament Targeting
| 150 mm Sprgr. L/3.2 Bdz
|-
| III
| Propeller Replacement
| Shrapnel Protection
| Ventilation
| Primary Armament Targeting
| Improved Rangefinder
|-
| IV
| Engine Maintenance
| New Pumps
| Ammo Wetting
|
|
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

'''''SMS Helgoland''', the lead ship of her class, was a dreadnought battleship of the German Imperial Navy. Helgoland's design represented an incremental improvement over the preceding Nassau class, including an increase in the bore diameter of the main guns, from 28 cm (11 in) to 30.5 cm (12 in). Her keel was laid down on 11 November 1908 at the Howaldtswerke shipyards in Kiel. Helgoland was launched on 25 September 1909 and was commissioned on 23 August 1911.''

''Like most battleships of the High Seas Fleet, Helgoland saw limited action against Britain's Royal Navy during World War I. The ship participated in several fruitless sweeps into the North Sea as the covering force for the battlecruisers of the I Scouting Group. She saw some limited duty in the Baltic Sea against the Russian Navy, including serving as part of a support force during the Battle of the Gulf of Riga in August 1915. Helgoland was present at the Battle of Jutland on 31 May – 1 June 1916, though she was located in the center of the German line of battle and not as heavily engaged as the König- and Kaiser-class ships in the lead. Helgoland was ceded to Great Britain at the end of the war and broken up for scrap in the early 1920s. Her coat of arms is preserved in the Military History Museum of the Bundeswehr in Dresden.''

== Media ==


;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|B1PfKRvLTVs|'''The Shooting Range #227''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:28 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==

''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Germany battleships}}

Ju 87 B-2

2020-11-24T12:50:30Z

U94961779: /* History */

{{Specs-Card|code=ju-87b-2}}
{{About
| about = German dive bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = Ju 87 (Family)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_Ju87B2.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German dive bomber {{Battle-rating}}. This dive bomber has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

== General info ==
=== Flight Performance ===
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="8" | Characteristics
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Stock''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,100 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
|-
| 367 || 356 || {{Specs|ceiling}} || 28.1 || 29.2 || 2.5 || 2.5 || 434
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Upgraded''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,100 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
|-
| 403 || 383 || {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.9 || 27.0 || 9.9 || 5.6 || 434
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps
! Take-off flaps
! Landing flaps
! Air brakes
! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wing-break speed (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear limit (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Combat flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! +
! -
|-
|{{Specs|1=destruction|2=body}}||{{Specs|1=destruction|2=gear}} || 520 || ~18 || ~7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities
|-
! Ailerons (km/h)
! Rudder (km/h)
! Elevators (km/h)
! Radiator (km/h)
|-
| < 250 || < 350 || < 350 || > 280
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 3,700 m || 930 hp || 1,199 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===


* 5 mm Steel plate between pilot/gunner
* 8 mm Steel plate between pilot/gunner.

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|MG 17 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 7.92 mm MG 17 machine guns, wing-mounted (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

The two machine guns are arranged with one in each wing. Each machine gun is armed with the same amount of ammunition, which means both guns will fire together until empty.

=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|SC50JA (50 kg)|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 1 x 250 kg SC250JA bomb (250 kg total)
* 1 x 500 kg SC500K bomb (500 kg total)
* 1 x 250 kg SC250JA bomb + 4 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (450 kg total)

=== Defensive armament ===

{{main|MG 15 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 7.92 mm MG 15 machine gun, dorsal turret (900 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

The {{PAGENAME}}'s main use is for precision strikes on hard targets such as tanks and pillboxes. This is due to its spectacular dive-bombing accuracy and powerful payload. To perform an effective dive with this plane, at an altitude of at least 1400 m, place your target at the bend in your wings, roll your upside-down and dive at an angle of 60-90 degrees, aiming your crosshairs at or slightly in front of the target (leading with their speed). Drop throttle to 0% and deploy airbrakes ('''H''' key by default); you should keep a steady speed of 400 km/h (250 mph). During the dive, a siren activates at about < 2500 m, this is for aesthetic purposes and can hurt or help in different ways. Release your bomb at 300 m from the target and you should score a direct, or near direct hit.

The MG 17 allow for strafing runs on soft ground targets, while the bomb payload is sufficient for a heavy pillbox and a destroyer. The radio operator's defensive MG 15 is merely to scare away enemy fighters and is not a sufficient weapon for self-defence. The Stukas manoeuvrability however is!

When returning to the base, landing and take-off are simple, and use of the airbrakes will help if you come in to fast to land. But you may be coming back on a dead or damaged engine (The Ju 87's engine is prone to damage and overheat) and it would help a lot if you find the nearest friendly airfield and get there as soon as possible.

Because of their low speed, permanent landing gear and reasonable durability, all the Ju 87 are quite good for capturing airfields in the Airfield Domination mode.

===Modes===
====Air Arcade Battles====
In Arcade Battles, you should concentrate on destroying tanks and pillboxes first (if any) with your bombs, and use your offensive machine guns to destroy soft targets like armoured cars, artillery, howitzers and AA. In this mode, you won't need your air brakes since you can't break your wings and its easy to pull up from a fast dive attack, and it's recommended that you keep as much of your speed up from the dives so you are harder to intercept by enemy aircraft.

====Air Realistic Battles====
In Realistic Battles, you should keep your altitude and look for tank columns to attack. Once you've chosen which tank column you wish to attack (ground targets as far from the battlefield or enemy airfield as possible are recommended, so you are less likely to be intercepted). Once you are right over your intended target, set your throttle to 0% and point your nose at the at the tank you want to destroy (since you have no bombsight, there will not be a bomb-drop indicator like in Arcade, and you will have to guess where the bombs will drop) once you are nearing your target, you will have to deploy your air-brakes or you won't be able to pull up at high speeds (You can tell when you are reaching a high speed with the sounds that the air and wings make). Once you drop your bomb(s) point your nose up to pull up. At this point you may or may not have destroyed your intended target, but it is okay if you did not, you will get better at it with more practice, but you still have your offensive armament to destroy soft targets like AA or you can engage enemy fighters that are nearby (which is very likely).

Dog fighting the realistic battles with Ju 87 is a very difficult task if the enemy knows your advantages and disadvantages and uses them to his advantage. Head-on attacks should be avoided as much as possible, for you do not have the armament to risk it. Also recommended is that you stay low and slow in a combat situation with enemy aircraft (because the Ju 87 has bad control ability at high speeds) and try to get the enemy to engage in a turn-fight. If he falls for your turn-fight, you should end up on his 6 o'clock in 3-5 turns on most enemies, it really depends on if it's a British, American or Russian plane, British being generally the better turn fighter. If he does not fall for your turn-fight, you are most likely going to go down...this plane is not a fighter plane.

====Tank Realistic Battles====
The Ju-87 B-2 is very useful in tank realistic battles (where with combined arms tanks and planes fight together) as just two of the 50 kg bombs can disable/destroy a tank if the land on target. As one of the bomb presets carries 4 x 50 kg bombs and 1 x 250 kg bomb this is probably the best use for the Stuka in its current BR (1.7) where heavy amour is not necessarily met regularly. The 4 x 50 kg bombs drop first in groups of 2, so use them for light vehicles or SPAAs. If the target tank has no armor (eg. GAZ-AA, FlakPz I, etc), only drop one group of 50 kg bombs, whereas if they are light / armored tanks, drop the two groups together. Then the single 250 kg can destroy anything and will be much easier to aim thanks to its larger fragment range. Dive at a target, extend airbrakes and gather speed up around 450 kph (if too fast, cut throttle). Zoom in on the target and when it is twice as big as the mouse cursor, place the target close to the cursor than to the cockpit, and release the 50kg bombs. For the 250 kg, the aiming is similar: place the target a bit away from the cursor but also not at the middle of the cursor & cockpit.

===Enemies worth noting===

* [[Yak-2 KABB]]: Do not think that the {{PAGENAME}} can confidently out maneuver this plane just because it is twin-engined. The Yak-2 has an amazing turn rate for a heavy fighter, thus the {{PAGENAME}} must avoid turning with it, if not dogfighting with it in general. It bears a pair of ShVAK cannons that can easily damage vital parts like engine or cooling systems. It has green camo, greatly resembling an Me 410 but with an H-tail like a Bf 110's.

===IGD (Intentional Gear Destruction)===
Due to the high parasite drag imposed by fixed landing gear spats, the planes top speed and performance are hindered. No Stuka's landing gear is retractable. For maximum performance of the plane, one can destroy the gear by touching them to a body of water (not rough, but flat and calm). To do this, swoop low, and reduce airspeed to around 210 km/h (160 mph). Next, slowly near the water at an angle of attack of 10 degrees or more. Once you hear a snap, or see the gear come off, pull up immediately to avoid breaking the engine.

;Effects on performance due to IGD

Effects have been tested numerous times, but may vary based on payload, fuel, aircraft damage, etc.

* Airspeed: +30mph (50 kph) to max speed.
*Drag coefficient: -10-20% (numbers not exact)
*Weight: Negligible
*Turn Time: -2 sec

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil
! Water
! Type
|-
| Not controllable || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Separate || rowspan="2" | Not controllable 1 gear || rowspan="2" | Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="1" | Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! colspan="1" | Survivability
! colspan="2" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Radiator
|
| Offensive 7 mm
|
|-
| II
|
| Compressor
| Airframe
| New 7 mm MGs
| ETC 50/IV
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
|
| Turret 7 mm
|
|-
| IV
|
| Engine injection
| Cover
| New 7 mm MGs (turret)
|
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High bombing accuracy
* Easy to land
* Very useful as air support for ground forces battles
* Access to dive brakes
* Airframe can withstand some degree of damage
* Very high ammo count and high rate of fire for strafing ground targets
* High ROF for rear gunner, and is well protected
* Rear gunner is sometimes adequate to scare off some enemy fighters
* Features a lot of cool useful camouflages and all are available through destroying ground targets
* Can reliably engage enemy bombers when played on a tank battle
* Siren can act as a psychological attack against targeted enemies to force them from an offense into an evasive maneuvre

'''Cons:'''

* Poor climb rate
* Large radiator in the front and is easily damaged
* Cockpit is unarmoured from the front
* Defenseless against enemy fighters
* Slow
* Light bomb load
* Very light defensive armament.
* Siren increases drag
* Siren that activates in dives is very loud and can divert their attention over to you, especially enemy SPAA and fighters
* Siren can distract you if you're not used to it
* An animated bomb trapeze delays the bomb drop from pressing space (or whatever key is bound), which can make bombing runs harder (especially if used to other bombers)

== History ==
The '''Junkers Ju 87''' or '''Stuka''' (from ''Sturzkampfflugzeug'', "dive bomber") was a German dive bomber and ground-attack aircraft. Designed by Hermann Pohlmann, it first flew in 1935. The Ju 87 made its combat debut in 1937 with the Luftwaffe's Condor Legion during the Spanish Civil War and served the Axis forces in World War II.

The aircraft is easily recognisable by its inverted gull wings and fixed spatted undercarriage. Upon the leading edges of its faired main gear legs were mounted the ''Jericho-Trompete'' (Jericho trumpet) wailing sirens, becoming the propaganda symbol of German air power and the so-called ''Blitzkrieg'' victories of 1939–1942. The Stuka's design included several innovations, including automatic pull-up dive brakes under both wings to ensure that the aircraft recovered from its attack dive even if the pilot blacked out from the high g-forces.

The Ju 87 operated with considerable success in close air support and anti-shipping at the outbreak of World War II. It led air assaults in the invasion of Poland in September 1939. Stukas were critical to the rapid conquest of Norway, the Netherlands, Belgium and France in 1940. Though sturdy, accurate, and very effective against ground targets, the Stuka was, like many other dive bombers of the period, vulnerable to fighter aircraft. During the Battle of Britain, its lack of manoeuvrability, speed and defensive armament meant that it required a heavy fighter escort to operate effectively.

After the Battle of Britain, the Stuka was used in the Balkans Campaign, the African and Mediterranean theatres and the early stages of the Eastern Front, where it was used for general ground support, as an effective specialised anti-tank aircraft and in an anti-shipping role. Once the Luftwaffe lost air superiority, the Stuka became an easy target for enemy fighter aircraft. It was produced until 1944 for lack of a better replacement. By 1945 ground-attack versions of the Focke-Wulf Fw 190 had largely replaced the Ju 87, but it remained in service until the end of the war.

=== In-game description ===
The Junkers Ju 87 Stuka was a single-engine dive bomber and attack aircraft of the WWII era. The most famous Stuka pilot of the war was Hans-Ulrich Rudel, the most highly decorated Luftwaffe pilot in history. Despite its slow speed and mediocre aerodynamics (the landing gear was fixed), the Stuka was one of the most effective Luftwaffe aircraft early in the war due to its pin-point accuracy in a dive. The Ju 87 remains one of the most recognizable symbols of the Blitzkrieg.

The Stuka was an innovative design for its time, including such elements as automatic pull-up dive brakes which could recover the plane from a dive even if the pilot blacked out, and the infamous Jericho Trumpet sirens, activated by the airstream during the dive, which produced a demoralizing high-pitched whine. The Ju 87 B could carry up to 1,000 kg of bombs, but only without a rear gunner, and at a greatly reduced range.

== Media ==


;Images
<div><ul>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:Ju_87_WTWallpaper_001.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
</ul></div>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|owYlJZ4LgyA|'''The Shooting Range #36''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 06:02 discusses the Ju 87 Stuka.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Junkers}}
{{Germany bombers}}