War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

Assault Mode

2022-05-24T14:30:52Z

U93179194: Boosters don't work in this mode

'''Assault Mode''' is a cooperative game mode for aircraft, ground vehicles and helicopters where players fight against the AI.
The main objective is to defend the base from several waves of enemies. Team can consist of up to 10 players.
This game mode uses the damage and flight models, and other mechanics, from Arcade Battles (including rearming in flight). There is no limit for how many times players can spawn the same vehicle, so it is possible to bring only one.

Unlike in other modes, it is required to pay SL to spawn in the vehicle (0.8 x the vehicle's AB repair cost), instead of when the player's vehicle is destroyed.
Rewards are given based on how long the player survives the mission. In addition, the player's first battle of the day gives a special reward depending on the mission length (how many waves have been defeated).
The minimal required amount of points in a battle to get the full reward (RP and SL amount) is 1,500, everyone after reaching it will get the same amount of RP and SL. The best reward that is possible to get is a 300% SL or RP booster and a universal backup for any vehicle.

== Levels in Assault Mode ==
=== Air Assault mode ===
Depending on the BR of the aircraft being used, there are five level in Air Assault battles:

:* The first level includes aircraft with a BR of between 1.0 and 2.3.
:* The second level includes aircraft with a BR of between 2.7 and 3.7.
:* The third level includes aircraft with a BR of between 4.0 and 5.0.
:* The fourth level includes aircraft with a BR of between 5.3 and 6.3.
:* The fifth level includes aircraft with a BR of 6.7+.

Players can still use aircraft with a battle rating lower than the indicated range. For example, it is possible to use propeller-driven fighters in the highest rank battles.

=== Ground Assault mode ===
Depending on the BR of the ground vehicle or helicopter being used, there are six ranks in Ground Assault battles:

:* The first level includes tanks with a BR of between 1.0 and 2.3.
:* The second level includes tanks with a BR of between 2.7 and 3.7.
:* The third level includes tanks with a BR of between 4.0 and 5.0.
:* The fourth level includes tanks with a BR of between 5.3 and 6.3.
:* The fifth level includes tanks with a BR between 6.7 and 8.0.
:* The sixth level includes tanks and helicopters with a BR of 8.3+.

== Air Assault ==
=== Objective ===
Players use aircraft to defend the base at the centre of the map which is located under the spawn zone. The AI can use three unit types: bombers, attackers, and ground artillery units.
The number of active players affects the amount of AI units which is being spawned by the game, for example when there are only five players then the game will spawn only half of the normal amount of planes.

The total amount of waves is 15. The remaining amount of waves to spawn for the mission is shown in the bottom-left corner to the right side of the other indicators.
The next wave appears when all planes are either destroyed or the time counter between waves reaches 0 (it is reset every time a new wave appears). The time counter's start value decreases as the mission progresses, so waves of enemies will appear faster and at the end it is possible to fight two at the same time.

=== Waves ===
Waves can be composed of (B) bombers or (A) attackers and in some cases it is (R) random (there's a 50% chance of getting either bombers or attackers).
Bombers spawn 20 kilometres away from the base position at 3,500 metres altitude and they fly in a straight line towards their target.
Attackers also spawn 20 kilometres from the base but at much lower altitude - 1,500 metres. Just before reaching the base, they start to dive to drop their bombs, and they can still be intercepted during that action.

A table showing when and what type of units spawn during the mission:

{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
! colspan="16" | Waves
|-
! Wave
| style="width:6%" | 1
| style="width:6%" | 2
| style="width:6%" | 3
| style="width:6%" | 4
| style="width:6%" | 5
| style="width:6%" | 6
| style="width:6%" | 7
| style="width:6%" | 8
| style="width:6%" | 9
| style="width:6%" | 10
| style="width:6%" | 11
| style="width:6%" | 12
| style="width:6%" | 13
| style="width:6%" | 14
| style="width:6%" | 15
|-
! Type
| B || A || R || B || A || R || B || A || R || B || A || R || A || R || B
|-
|}

The number of spawned units can vary depending on battle level (1-5) and number of beaten waves, the more of them that are destroyed, the more enemies that spawn and their number will be increased up to 4 times per battle (it happens every 3-4 destroyed waves).

=== Artillery units ===
The artillery units use different mechanics to the bombers and attackers. Though they do not have the range to directly damage the main base, they instead regularly remove points from the base's health pool. This pool is shown in the bottom-left corner next to the artillery icon.
The points decrease for as long as artillery units remain alive and the battle ends when the base's health reaches 0.

Spawn of artillery units is random and can happen from the second wave, but its chance for spawn gets higher every wave. Once they appear, they will not spawn again until the 8th wave, at which time the random chance to spawn is reset and they are able to spawn again.

=== Enemy types ===
Depending on level, the game spawns different units, the higher is the level of battle the harder they are to destroy.

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== Ground Assault ==
=== Objective ===
Players use ground vehicles and helicopters to defend the zone on the map centre from incoming waves of enemy tanks.
Helicopters are allowed only in the top tier bracket (BR 8.3+).

The main objective is to not let the enemy units capture the area on the centre of map and slow them down as much as possible. If the AI units manage to enter the capture zone, it will start to flash and the team will start to lose tickets, the more AI that enter it, the more tickets the team loses.
The enemy units slow down upon entering the zone, and their shooting accuracy is also lowered.
After successfully defending the zone and destroying enemy waves your team regain a small amount of lost tickets. The battle is lost once the team's tickets reaches 0.
The counter in the bottom-left corner shows the remaining amount of waves to beat (including current one).

Destroying enemy planes is optional but highly recommended, some of them are equipped with weapons that can destroy player's vehicle in a single attack.
Sometimes a pickup can appear outside the zone, it can repair the tank and replenish its ammunition.
The number of active players affects the amount of AI units which is being spawned by the game.

=== Waves ===
Waves can be composed of four unit types: light tanks, medium tanks, slightly better medium tanks, and heavy tanks. Every wave, two planes are also spawned which attack ground units and player controlled helicopters.
In top tier assault battles, SPAA units can also appear, they will engage only flying units. Usually the game spawns one SPAA unit per player in a helicopter, their range is so large that they can reach players very soon after they leave the helipad. SPAA units spawn during the 2nd, 5th, 8th and 11th wave and it happens 20 seconds after the tanks start to appear.
Spawn position of ground units is random, they always spawn from seven different predetermined directions.

Some enemy ground units can attack player controlled helicopters by using their roof mounted machine guns, such as the Russian tanks on Kursk map.
The accuracy of the AI remains very high even when driving at full speed.

''Note: It is a viable tactic to destroy track of the front most vehicles to make them stop, but keep in mind that they can repair damaged parts, including the engine and extinguish parts that are set on fire.''

A table showing when and what type of units spawn during the mission (Light (L), Medium (M), Intermediate (MH), Heavy (H) and (S) Air Cover (in top tier battles)):

{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
! colspan="16" | Waves
|-
! Wave
| style="width:8%" | 1
| style="width:8%" | 2
| style="width:8%" | 3
| style="width:8%" | 4
| style="width:8%" | 5
| style="width:8%" | 6
| style="width:8%" | 7
| style="width:8%" | 8
| style="width:8%" | 9
| style="width:8%" | 10
| style="width:8%" | 11
|-
! Type
| L || M + S || H || M || MH || H || L + S || MH || H || MH + S || H
|-
|}

The amount of spawned units can vary depending of battle level (1-6) and amount of beaten waves, the more of them are destroyed the more of enemies are spawning and the game increases their number up to 4 times per battle (that happens every 3-4 destroyed waves).

=== Enemy types ===
Depending on level, the game spawns different units, the higher is the level of battle the harder they are to destroy.

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As a result of the low numbers of ground vehicles at top tier for some nations like Japan or France, the map pool at such level is limited to only USA, Great Britain, USSR, Germany. Nevertheless, a new map, Fulda, is incorporated which utilizes varied vehicles from different nations, representing the real-world {{Annotation|NATO*|North Atlantic Treaty Organization}}.

{{Tree-Start|3|without header}}
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|style="border-left: solid 1px #cccccc; width: 1%;"|{{Tree-Skip|40px}}<center>'''Vehicle{{Tree-Skip|1px}}Type'''</center>
|style="border-left: solid 2px #cccccc; width: 17.3%;"|<center>[[File:Heavy_tanks_icon.png|50px|link=]][[File:USA flag.png|70px|link=Category:USA_ground_vehicles]]{{Tree-Skip|6px}}[[File:MapIcon Ground Ardennes.jpg|135px|link=Ardennes_(Ground_Forces)]]</center>{{Tree-Skip|10px}}
|style="border-left: solid 1px #cccccc; width: 17.3%;"|<center>[[File:Heavy_tanks_icon.png|50px|link=]][[File:Britain flag.png|70px|link=Category:Britain_ground_vehicles]]{{Tree-Skip|5px}}[[File:MapIcon Ground Sinai.jpg|135px|link=Sinai]]</center>{{Tree-Skip|10px}}
|style="border-left: solid 1px #cccccc; width: 17.3%;"|<center>[[File:Heavy_tanks_icon.png|50px|link=]][[File:USSR flag.png|70px|link=Category:USSR_ground_vehicles]]{{Tree-Skip|5px}}[[File:MapIcon Ground Kursk.jpg|135px|link=Kursk_(Ground_Forces)]]</center>{{Tree-Skip|10px}}
|style="border-left: solid 1px #cccccc; width: 17.3%;"|<center>[[File:Heavy_tanks_icon.png|50px|link=]][[File:FRG flag.png|70px|link=Category:Germany_ground_vehicles]]{{Tree-Skip|5px}}[[File:MapIcon Ground Mozdok.jpg|135px|link=Mozdok_(Ground_Forces)]]</center>{{Tree-Skip|10px}}
|style="border-left: solid 1px #cccccc; width: 17.3%;"|<center>[[File:Heavy_tanks_icon.png|50px|link=]][[File:NATO flag.png|70px|link=]]{{Tree-Skip|5px}}[[File:MapIcon Ground Fulda.jpg|135px]]</center>{{Tree-Skip|10px}}

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{{Tree-End}}

= Strategies =
For both modes:

* Don't shy away from expensive ammo. Ammo is free in this mode.

== Air Assault Mode ==
=== General Advices ===

* Never waste your time going after planes that have already dropped their ordnance on the target. Enemy planes that are still carrying bombs are given a blinking red/yellow icon, whereas empty ones do not blink. The only exception to this rule is when you are sure the game is lost.
* Similarly, do not waste time going after out-of-control targets either. They may appear still alive, but their abnormal attitude or speed should make it clear they will not reach the target.
* Try to prioritize bombers: the damage they inflict is much more compared to attackers or fighters. They also throw bombs from further away. (Do be careful around the extra turrets.)
* Maximize your time in-air. If you are low on SL and have to use the airfield, press J (on PC) to leave the aircraft after a successful landing. You can then respawn at the air point with a discount, saving time for climbing. (You cannot use the air spawn with a fully intact plane, however.)
* Target the further-away waves if one enemy wave already has enough teammates shooting at it.
* Try tracer belts. They will not make you more visible to AI, but you will be able to hit from further away.
* Bind and use the "reload" key. Ammo is free, and you don't want to miss out on the action due to lack of ammo.
* Make the best use of head-on engagements. Head-ons are often more effective since you can hit the pilot easily: you can usually take out two at a time. Enemy AI planes do not use their forward-facing "offensive guns", making such engagements safer than chasing ones.

=== [[File:USSR_flag.png|x42px]] [[Berlin_(Air_Forces)|Berlin]] ===

=== [[File:Britain_flag.png|x42px]] Norway ===

=== [[File:USA_flag.png|x42px]] Ruhr ===

=== [[File:France_flag.png|x42px]] Sicily ===

=== [[File:Germany_flag.png|x42px]] Stalingrad ===

=== [[File:Italy_flag.png|x42px]] Tunisia ===

=== [[File:Japan_flag.png|x42px]] Zhengzhou ===

== Ground Assault Mode ==
=== General Advices ===

It is recommended to bring vehicles with a good to decent rate of fire, and high damage. Armour may be helpful, but one shouldn't rely too much on it. Speed is also helpful for maneuvering, especially on Ardennes, but slow tanks can still perform decently well. High penetration is optional: vehicles with low penetration are advised to flank.

'''Smoke Grenades & Smoke Shells'''

Shooting smoke shells or using smoke grenades around bots inside the square is heavily unadvised. It prevents other players from spotting and shooting AI. When using smoke grenade to take cover, it is recommended to back out of other teammates' lines of fire first. If the player is unable to retreat in such situation, it is recommended to consider respawning instead of using smoke grenades.

'''Fighters and Attackers'''

When getting the option to use a plane, it is unadvised to use it right away. AI aircrafts don't generally pose a serious threat compared to AI tanks. However if the team lacks a SPAA to shoot the planes down, it still is heavily unadvised for a player to spawn a fighter during a "''heavy''" wave. It is more suited to spawn a bomber or an attacker in such situation while leaving the task of killing the enemy planes for a "''lighter''" wave.
Attack aircraft are also generally less effective than heavy bombers (bombs are generally more effective than rockets and guns). One should consider saving the points instead for a bomber.

'''Helicopters'''

Level 6 (8.3+) offers players the choice of using helicopters alongside their ground vehicles. While helicopters can be very effective at destroying ground vehicles, they remain vulnerable to either AI's tanks' machine guns or by SPAA which can spawn repeatedly and, as mentioned previously, they open fire from a considerable range. Due to the SPAA's stationary nature, it is advised to use guided Anti-Tank missiles to deal with SPAAs while one maneuvres their helicopter to avoid fire. However due to the low ammunition count of ATGMs, this tactic can pose a problem when it comes to attacking tanks, as such it is advised to use unguided rockets, which helicopters can bring plentiful of, as well as Armour-Piercing ammunition for canons to engage tanks.
Helicopters are also able to reload without the need of returning to the airfield, such reload is affected

=== [[File:USA_flag.png|x42px]] [[Ardennes_(Ground_Forces)|Ardennes]] ===
[[File:Ardennes_(Assault Strat).png|right|thumb|x200px|Strategy for [[Ardennes_(Ground_Forces)|Ardennes]]]]
Ardennes offers a lot of options and cover: such advantage make it a favorite among players.

* Location 1 is a heavily recommended spot. It provides good hull-down cover as well as offering tanks flexibility in engagements due to its close proximity with the base.
* Location 2 is recommended for countering the eastern B waves.
* Locations 3 and 4 are able to counter the A northern waves, however players may find it more difficult to reach such position as well as not providing enough flexibility in engagements due to its remote location from the base.
* Location 5 is recommended to counter the western waves, however players can be left exposed to enemies coming from the southeast.
* Location 6 is only recommended if the player's vehicle has a strong turret armour in order to take advantage of the the hull-down position.

=== [[File:Britain_flag.png|x42px]] [[Sinai|Sinai]] ===
[[File:Sinai_(Assault Strat).png|right|thumb|x200px|Strategy for [[Sinai|Sinai]]]]
Unlike Ardennes, Sinai is considered among the hardest maps among players. Cooperation is crucial due to the open terrain.

* Locations 5, 6, and 7 are heavily recommended since they can cover the most possible waves. It is also recommended to spawn as soon as possible at the start of the match due to the short time given to get to the aforementioned places before the first wave: in case a player is unable to find cover when the first wave spawns, it is likely to get quickly sniped by the enemy tanks.
* Players that prefer to play safer or are unable to reach the aforementioned locations on time, are recommended to go to location 1. However, the rocks nearby the base can become a nuisance when shooting at the enemy. Such place can also take very few players at the same time.
* Locations 2, 3, and 4 are very situational: due to the limited cover, players are advised to often relocate from such positions based on where the enemy waves are coming from.

=== [[File:USSR_flag.png|x42px]] [[Kursk_(Ground_Forces)|Kursk]] ===
[[File:Kursk_(Assault Strat).png|right|thumb|x200px|Strategy for [[Kursk_(Ground_Forces)|Kursk]]]]
Unlike other maps, enemies in Kursk only comes in a 180° arc instead of from all directions. However, the map offers very little cover outside of the base, therefore most of the advised locations are positioned inside the base.

* Location 1 allows players to counter A, B, and C paths while remaining hull-down.
* Location 5 is advised to flank the F path.

The other locations are defensive places. However, if the player's vehicle cannot penetrate enemies frontally, they are advised to charge out at the AI once they approach the base.

=== [[File:Germany_flag.png|x42px]] [[Mozdok_(Ground_Forces)|Mozdok]] ===
[[File:Mozdok_(Assault Strat).png|right|thumb|x200px|Strategy for [[Mozdok_(Ground_Forces)|Mozdok]]]]
Unlike Kursk, Mozdok offers a lot of cover for players to spread out, as such they are advised to take advantage of positions outside the base.

* Location 1 is strategically recommended to counter enemies coming from the North: in particular A, B, and G paths.
* Location 2 is the most versatile location. It will counter C and D, as well as allowing players to shoot at enemies coming from A, B, and G once they reach the base.
* Locations 3, 4, and 5 are situational, depending on where the enemies spawn. They are very exposed in some directions and should only be used as needed. Location 5 in particular is useful for countering D, E, and F.
* Location 6 is for countering E and F, they allow players to counter the north and southwestern paths quickly.
* Location 7 can be useful with enemies coming from A or G, however it leaves players exposed to enemies spawning at B or C.

=== [[File:Japan_flag.png|x42px]] [[Emperors_Garden_Map|Emperor's Garden]] ===
[[File:Emperors_Garden_(Assault Strat).png|right|thumb|x200px|Strategy for [[Emperors_Garden_Map|Emperor's Garden]]]]
Due to the open nature of the map, Emperor's Garden is also considered among the hardest maps. However, unlike Sinai, the lack of considerable armour on Japanese tanks provides an advantage for players.

* The western waves (A) can be countered by having people at Locations 1, 2, and 3 . Locations 2 and 3 can also effectively counter the north-eastern waves (B).
* The southeastern wave (C) cannot be adequately dealt with from any of those locations, although from location 3, players can engage some of the tanks depending on the size of both the player’s and enemy’s tanks. Location 4 is heavily recommended to counter the southeastern wave. Players are also advised to prioritize that wave for air strikes.
* The eastern flank is a lot more open in nature, therefore there is no recommended location to effectively counter it.

=== [[File:France_flag.png|x42px]] [[Maginot_Line_(Ground_Forces)|Maginot Line]] ===
[[File:Maginot_Line_(Assault_Strat).png|right|thumb|x200px|Strategy for [[Maginot_Line_(Ground_Forces)|Maginot Line]]]]

* Usually, enemies coming from path A pose serious threat, however players can effectively use location 1 to counter enemies coming down this path. This location also provides cover and allows players to go hull down against all the other waves, however players may require to shoot at moving targets over 1 km in order to maximize the use of this place against waves D, E, F, and G.
* Locations 2 and 3 are considerably difficult to reach, however they can provide decent cover with buildings. Players can effectively counter B and C from such position.
* Location 4 is the northern counterpart of 1. It is an excellent ambush location and can cover all the paths with exception of the A path.
* Location 5 incorporates excellent cover, through a channel dug in between some mounds, as well as being reasonably close to the base. Players using slow tanks are advised to use such position. However, enemies coming from G may pose a threat to players..
* The bunker in location 6 provides excellent cover. Its location inside the cap circle allows player to effectively resupply the player, as such it is a heavily recommended spot for players utilizing vehicles with an autoloader. However, players will have to change their position around the bunker according to the waves.

=== [[File:NATO_flag.png|x42px]] [[Fulda_(Ground_Forces)|Fulda Gap]] ===
[[File:Fulda_(Assault_Strat).png|right|thumb|x200px|Strategy for [[Fulda_(Ground_Forces)|Fulda]]]]

* Location 1 provides excellent cover, and can be used to engage and get flanking shots on the waves above the dotted red line. However, such location prevents players from engaging enemies coming from the south or southeast section of the map.
* The base, located at location 2, provides decent cover. However players will require a gun with high penetration in order to penetrate heavily armoured enemies such as Leopards 2A5 or M1A2.
* Location 3 lies directly underneath the flightpath of the enemy fighters, F-84s, equipped with Tiny Tims. It is the ideal location for SPAAs. It also is an excellent countering position for enemies coming from the south.

= Media =


;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|J1G4iGba5MA|'''The Shooting Range #226''' - ''Tips and tricks'' section at 08:05 discusses Assault air arcade.|TZRl4RvDmbE|'''The Shooting Range #193''' - ''Tips and tricks'' section at 08:17 discusses Assault ground arcade.}}

[[Category:Game_modes]]

M47 (Japan)

2021-06-09T08:58:21Z

U93179194: Removed gun depression con as it was raised to -10°

{{About
| about = medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = M47 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=jp_m47_patton_II
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Red Skies"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

*Cast homogeneous armour (Front hull, turret, cupola)
*Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull sides, rear and roof, turret roof, cupola roof)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 101.6 mm (59°) ''Upper glacis'' 75 mm (24-76°) ''MG port bulge'' 170 mm ''MG port housing'' 40 mm ''MG port'' 90 mm (52°) ''Lower glacis - Top'' 76.2 mm (27-54°) ''Lower glacis - Bottom'' || 85 mm ''Top - Front'' 38-50.8 mm ''Top - Rear'' 25.4 mm (67°) ''Bottom'' || 60 mm ''Upper plate - Centre'' 22.2 mm (60°) ''Lower glacis - Centre'' 38-50.8 mm ''Sides'' || 22.2 mm (0-16°) 25.4 mm (spherical) ''Front hatches''
|-
| Turret || 121 mm (spherical) ''Turret front - Centre and Bottom'' 101.6 mm ''Turret front - Top'' 62-74 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 63.5 mm (22-27°) 16 mm (spherical) ''Optics port'' || 76.2-90 mm || 25.4 mm
|-
| Cupola || colspan="3" style="text-align:center" | 76.2 mm (cylindrical) || 76.2 mm (conical) ''Outer ring'' 25.4 mm ''Centre''
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick and tracks are 30 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 25.4 mm thick.
* Storage boxes and mudguards are 5 mm thick.
* Turret bustle rack is 15 mm thick.

At rank V, the M47 does not have suitable armour to survive direct hits from the numerous 88, 100, and 122 mm calibres fielded. Its best chance for survival is to flank enemies.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 1255|rbMinHp= 716|}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M36 (90 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M36 (90 mm)|90 mm M36]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 71 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+19° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 21.4 || 29.6 || 36.0 || 39.7 || 42.3 || rowspan="2" | 9.75 || rowspan="2" | 8.63 || rowspan="2" | 7.95 || rowspan="2" | 7.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 21.4 || 25.2 || 30.6 || 33.8 || 36.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| M318A1 shot || APBC || 193 || 190 || 177 || 162 || 148 || 136
|-
| M82 shot || APCBC || 185 || 182 || 170 || 155 || 142 || 130
|-
| M304 shot || APCR || 287 || 281 || 259 || 234 || 211 || 191
|-
| M332 shot || APCR || 321 || 316 || 292 || 265 || 240 || 218
|-
| M431 shell || HEATFS || 320 || 320 || 320 || 320 || 320 || 320
|-
| M71A1 shell || HE || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| M318A1 shot || APBC || 912 || 10.98 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| M82 shot || APCBC || 853 || 10.94 || 1.2 || 14 || 137.2 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| M304 shot || APCR || 1,021 || 7.62 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| M332 shot || APCR || 1,249 || 5.7 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| M431 shell || HEATFS || 1,216 || 5.8 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 712.64 || 65° || 72° || 77°
|-
| M71A1 shell || HE || 732 || 10.55 || 0 || 0.1 || 925 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| M313 || 821 || 10.7 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_M47.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''71''' || 42 ''(+29)'' || 12 ''(+59)'' || 10 ''(+61)'' || 7 ''(+64)'' || 1 ''(+70)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* As they are modeled by sets of 2, shells disappear from the rack only after you fire both shells in the set.
* Shells are modeled by sets of 2 and disappear from the rack after both shells in the set having been shot or loaded.
* Racks 3 to 5 are first stage ammo racks. They total 11 shells and gets filled first when loading up the tank.
* These racks are also emptied early: the rack depletion order at full capacity is: 3 - 4 - 5 - 1 - 2.
* Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from racks 1-6 into racks 8 then 7. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready racks.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 2,200 (200) || 577 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Pintle || 1,000 (200) || 577 || -10°/+30° || ±180°
|-
|}
The {{PAGENAME}} comes with 2 M2HB 0.50 cal machine guns (1 coaxial and 1 roof-mounted), providing a concentrated stream of heavy machine-gun fire to target low-flying aircraft or lightly armoured vehicles.

== Usage in battles ==


The M47 is very much a glass cannon. With a powerful gun, but weak armour, this vehicle should be played carefully, and out of sight of the enemy. As such, it is often beneficial to use an ambush or flanking-based play style. Attacking enemies without being seen will maximize this tank's capabilities. Tankers that already have experience with the ST-A's and to the same degree the Type 61 will be very familiar with this vehicle. The armour might be somewhat stronger than the previously mentioned vehicles but for the change in BR and rank, it's just as effective and relatively weaker firepower for the tanks it will encounter at 7.3.

The stock APBC shell is quite weak compared to the shells used by the M47's enemies. While working towards the much better HEAT-FS shell, it is advisable to shoot for enemies' tracks and gun barrels if the main hull is too well protected for the APBC shell to penetrate. Doing so will help to incapacitate your enemies and support your better-armed teammates. Additionally, the M47 should never have any trouble dealing with soft targets. With two 12.7 mm machine guns in addition to the main cannon, light tanks and armoured cars can be dispatched with ease. (On a side note, these machine guns can be used to spot enemy targets, alerting your team to their presence.)

Once the HEAT-FS shell is unlocked, the M47 may be played more like a classic medium tank. There will be few vehicles that the upgraded shell cannot penetrate. It is recommended to play near friendly vehicles, in case support is needed--even with an upgraded shell, the M47 is not a lone wolf, and will suffer without the backup of its allies.

The M47 has above-average mobility, and achieving flanking positions should not pose too much difficulty. However, the tank does have a high-profile, making it easily spotted. Combined with the vehicle's poor armour, this makes it especially important to stay out of the enemy's sight.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good mobility, same handling as the [[M46]]
* Great turret traverse speed once upgraded
* Decent front armour, more sloped than the M46
* 320 mm HEATFS ammunition once unlocked
* Gun depression of -10° is usually sufficient

'''Cons:'''

* Overall bad armour for Rank V matches, especially in the turret
* The gun is not very good with stock ammo, recommended to unlock HEATFS as soon as possible
* Mobility is limited or even rather poor until modifications are purchased.

== History ==

{{Main|M47 (Family)|Type 61 (Family)}}
As Japan started redeveloping its military in the form of the JSDF (Japanese Self Defence Forces). While it was previously issued with surplus Shermans, Chaffees and other American equipment, the JGSDF (Japanese Ground Self Defence Forces) would want to step up in tank development as the communist threat in Korea started looming over Japan. They would attempt to get their hands on the new American tank that would be the staple of the cold war, the M47 'Patton II' but assembly lines would be backlogged with foreign orders primarily from West Germany.

With this situation, the JGSDF started prototyping with the ST-A series to work towards the Type 61. During development, a single M47 'Patton II' was eventually sent to Japan for comparison to its domestic ST-A models. It isn't for certain when this vehicle arrived in Japan but it's high likely to be in between the completion of the ST-A1/2 (1957) and the development of the ST-A3/4 (1960).

After Japan was done with prototyping and adopted the Type 61, the M47 lost its purpose and it was sent to be scrapped. However, it was saved by a private collector as the tank was obtained before it could be destroyed. While this may not have been the original collector as it is never specified, it ended up in the private collection of Nakata Shoten Shop, located in one of their warehouses, in the Tokyo Metropolis along with several other vehicles used as evaluation models and service vehicles: an M37 HMC, an M36 GMC, an M41, and an M59 APC. While it's likely the other tanks also had been deactivated due to weapons being banned, at least for the M47 it is known that it can no longer move or fire. This was due to numerous changes including: the breech being cut, the transmission and engine have been removed, and there are many 10 centimetre-wide hulls that had been drilled into the floor of the tanks.

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://www.reddit.com/r/Warthunder/comments/eeue4y/the_japanese_m47/ Reddit post on M47]

{{Japan medium tanks}}

MKPz M47 G

2021-06-09T08:55:54Z

U93179194: Removed gun depression con as it was raised to -10°

{{About
| about = German medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = M47 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_mkpz_m47
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} German medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.71 "New E.R.A."]] as a purchasable pack, but was discontinued after the [[wt:en/news/6263-shop-war-thunder-summer-sale-en|2019 Summer sales]]. It was later reintroduced as an in-game premium purchasable for 8,200 {{ge}}.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}
''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 1,255|rbMinHp= 716}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M36 (90 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M36 (90 mm)|90 mm M36]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 71 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+19° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 34.3 || 47.4 || 57.6 || 63.7 || 67.8 || rowspan="2" | 9.75 || rowspan="2" | 8.63 || rowspan="2" | 7.95 || rowspan="2" | 7.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 21.4 || 25.2 || 30.6 || 33.8 || 36.0
|-
|}

=== Ammunition ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| M318A1 shot || APBC || 193 || 190 || 177 || 162 || 148 || 136
|-
| M82 shot || APCBC || 185 || 182 || 170 || 155 || 142 || 130
|-
| M304 shot || APCR || 287 || 281 || 259 || 234 || 211 || 191
|-
| M332 shot || APCR || 321 || 316 || 292 || 265 || 240 || 218
|-
| M431 shell || HEATFS || 320 || 320 || 320 || 320 || 320 || 320
|-
| M71A1 shell || HE || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| M318A1 shot || APBC || 912 || 10.98 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| M82 shot || APCBC || 853 || 10.94 || 1.2 || 14 || 137.2 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| M304 shot || APCR || 1,021 || 7.62 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| M332 shot || APCR || 1,249 || 5.7 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| M431 shell || HEATFS || 1,216 || 5.8 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 712.64 || 65° || 72° || 77°
|-
| M71A1 shell || HE || 732 || 10.55 || 0 || 0.1 || 925 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| M313 || 821 || 10.7 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50
|-
|}

=== [[Ammo racks]] ===
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''71''' || 42 ''(+29)'' || 12 ''(+59)'' || 10 ''(+61)'' || 7 ''(+64)'' || 1 ''(+70)'' || No
|-
|}
Notes:

* As they are modeled by sets of 2, shells disappear from the rack only after you fire both shells in the set.
* Racks 3, 4 and 5 are first stage ammo racks. They total 11 shells and get filled first when loading up the tank.
* These racks are also emptied early: the rack depletion order at full capacity is: 3 - 4 - 5 - 1 - 2.
* When refilling from racks 1 and 2, the refill order of ready racks is 5 - 4 - 3.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount
! Capacity (Belt capacity)
! Rate of fire (shots/minute)
! Vertical guidance
! Horizontal guidance
|-
| Coaxial || 2,200 (200) || 576 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Pintle || 1,000 (200) || 576 || -10°/+30° || ±180°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The {{PAGENAME}} tank is great for rushing the capture points in Realistic battles. Once there, fall back a little and find a good place for surveying the battlefield while looking for targets to snipe using your great HEAT rounds.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very good turret - most of shots will either bounce or non-pen it
* The hull can't be penetrated by most of the tanks it faces; only a few tanks with high calibre cannons can penetrate it
* Very fast turret rotation, even faster than some rank VII MBTs
* It has a very potent gun with access to a variety of shells to use in any situation
* Gun depression of -10° is usually sufficient
* Very good speed and turning ability
* It has 12.7 mm mounted machine gun which is very an effective AA gun
* Very good acceleration

'''Cons:'''

* The hull machine gun port and the armour plates around it are deadly weak spots
* It has very good armour, but tanks with more modern shells can penetrate it easily (though this problem is not specific to the M47)

== History ==

===Development===
The '''M47 Patton''' came about only a few years after its predecessor, the [[M46|M46 Patton]]. The basis of this design was the [[M26|M26 Pershing]], which was deemed insufficiently mobile for its role as a medium tank. The M46 was mainly the M26 Pershing with a new engine, transmission, and a redesigned 90 mm gun. While a good solution for the lacking M26 Pershing design, it was only considered a stopgap solution while the experimental ''T42 medium tank'' was being developed. However, the Korean War put a stop in that development due to an urgent need of tanks, so the T42 project, which would produce a completely new tank design, was put on hold.

An interim decision was made to mount the turret from the T42 onto the hull of the M46 Patton, this modified tank was designated the '''M47 Patton''' and entered production in 1951. A common nickname for the tank was the ''Patton II'', due to the same name as the M46 Patton, this was changed to ''Patton 47'' a few weeks later. The M47 Patton featured most of the armament seen from the M26 Pershing and M46 Patton, with a 90 mm gun and a coaxial and hull-mounted .30 cal machine gun, and a .50 cal machine gun on top of the turret. The M47 Patton has the distinction of being the last American tank with the hull-mounted machine gun on the bow. The new turret required the hull to be redesigned with a larger turret ring and had a "needle-nose" design with the turret mantlet heavily sloped towards the cannon, the design's heavy sloping nature also helped improve protection. The turret also had a large protrusion at the back to act as storage. An M12 stereoscopic range finder was also mounted on a turret, which was difficult to use, but would appear in every American tank design from here on until the M1 Abrams design.

Though technically a medium tank by the army standards, a new standardization in US Army tank designation on November 9, 1950, had the entire system changed from the weight of the tank to the calibre of the vehicle's gun. Therefore in the 1950s, the "Medium Tank M47 Patton" name was changed to '''90 mm Gun Tank M47 Patton'''. This designation would go on for future American tank designs. The M47 Patton began production in June 1951 before its standardization at the Detroit Tank Arsenal. Delays in the production schedule caused a long period of testing to occur until it was standardized in May 1952. Production ran until November 1953 with a total production number of more than 9,000 M47 Pattons between Detroit and Alco.

===German usage===
The rebuilding Bundeswehr of West Germany became one of the largest receivers of American M47 tanks, receiving up to 1,120 M47 tanks in the 1950s alongside [[M48A2_C|M48s]].<ref name="ZalogaM47&48 pg(1)">Zaloga 1999, p.13</ref> However, it was widely recognized in both America and Germany that the M47s quality was of an interim design, and so its replacement by more modern designs was sought out.<ref name="JerchelLeopardI Loc(1)">Jerchel 1995, Loc 17 of 813</ref> This was done by phasing them out with the deliveries of more M48 tanks,<ref name="ZalogaM47&48 pg(1)" /> as well as the production of the new [[Leopard I]] tanks in 1965.<ref name="JerchelLeopardI Loc(2)">Jerchel 1995, Loc 105 of 813</ref>

The phased out German M47 tanks was most notably given out to Turkey, making up a portion of the total 1,347 M47 tanks it received from both Germany and America. These M47s in Turkish service would be involved in the 1974 invasion of Cyprus in ''Operation Attila''.<ref name="ZalogaM47&48 pg(2)">Zaloga 1999, p.38</ref>

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?q=%23mkpzm47 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|Xwid3UCLr5U|'''The Patton Family''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 4:42 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[M47]]
* [[M47 (105/55)]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[M46]]
* [[M46 "Tiger"]]

== External links ==


;References:
<references />

;Bibliography:

* Jerchel, Michael. ''Leopard 1 Main Battle Tank 1965-95''. Osprey Publishing Ltd., 1995
* Zaloga, Steven J. ''The M47 and M48 Patton Tanks''. Osprey Publishing Ltd., 1999

{{Germany medium tanks}}
{{Germany premium ground vehicles}}

M47

2021-06-09T08:52:55Z

U93179194: Removed gun depression con as it was raised to -10°

{{About
| about = American medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = M47 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=us_m47_patton_II
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.45 "Steel Generals"]] along with the rest of American Ground Forces. It uses a similar hull as its predecessor, the [[M46|M46 Patton]], but features a new turret and a better gun.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

*Cast homogeneous armour (Front hull, turret, cupola)
*Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull sides, rear and roof, turret roof, cupola roof)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 101.6 mm (59°) ''Upper glacis'' 75 mm (24-76°) ''MG port bulge'' 170 mm ''MG port housing'' 40 mm ''MG port'' 90 mm (52°) ''Lower glacis - Top'' 76.2 mm (27-54°) ''Lower glacis - Bottom'' || 85 mm ''Top - Front'' 38-50.8 mm ''Top - Rear'' 25.4 mm (67°) ''Bottom'' || 60 mm ''Upper plate - Centre'' 22.2 mm (60°) ''Lower glacis - Centre'' 38-50.8 mm ''Sides'' || 22.2 mm (0-16°) 25.4 mm (spherical) ''Front hatches''
|-
| Turret || 121 mm (spherical) ''Turret front - Centre and Bottom'' 101.6 mm ''Turret front - Top'' 62-74 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 63.5 mm (22-27°) 16 mm (spherical) ''Optics port'' || 76.2-90 mm || 25.4 mm
|-
| Cupola || colspan="3" style="text-align:center" | 76.2 mm (cylindrical) || 76.2 mm (conical) ''Outer ring'' 25.4 mm ''Centre''
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick and tracks are 30 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 25.4 mm thick.
* Storage boxes and mudguards are 5 mm thick.
* Turret bustle rack is 15 mm thick.

At rank V, the M47 does not have suitable armour to survive direct hits from the numerous 88, 100, and 122 mm calibres fielded. Its best chance for survival is to flank enemies.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 1255|rbMinHp= 716|}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M36 (90 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M36 (90 mm)|90 mm M36]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 71 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+19° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 21.4 || 29.6 || 36.0 || 39.7 || 42.3 || rowspan="2" | 9.75 || rowspan="2" | 8.63 || rowspan="2" | 7.95 || rowspan="2" | 7.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 21.4 || 25.2 || 30.6 || 33.8 || 36.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| M318A1 shot || APBC || 193 || 190 || 177 || 162 || 148 || 136
|-
| M82 shot || APCBC || 185 || 182 || 170 || 155 || 142 || 130
|-
| M304 shot || APCR || 287 || 281 || 259 || 234 || 211 || 191
|-
| M332 shot || APCR || 321 || 316 || 292 || 265 || 240 || 218
|-
| M431 shell || HEATFS || 320 || 320 || 320 || 320 || 320 || 320
|-
| M71A1 shell || HE || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| M318A1 shot || APBC || 912 || 10.98 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| M82 shot || APCBC || 853 || 10.94 || 1.2 || 14 || 137.2 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| M304 shot || APCR || 1,021 || 7.62 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| M332 shot || APCR || 1,249 || 5.7 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| M431 shell || HEATFS || 1,216 || 5.8 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 712.64 || 65° || 72° || 77°
|-
| M71A1 shell || HE || 732 || 10.55 || 0 || 0.1 || 925 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| M313 || 821 || 10.7 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''71''' || 42 ''(+29)'' || 12 ''(+59)'' || 10 ''(+61)'' || 7 ''(+64)'' || 1 ''(+70)'' || No
|-
|}
Note:

* As they are modeled by sets of 2, shells disappear from the rack only after you fire both shells in the set.
* Shells are modeled by sets of 2 and disappear from the rack after both shells in the set having been shot or loaded.
* Racks 3 to 5 are first stage ammo racks. They total 11 shells and gets filled first when loading up the tank.
* These racks are also emptied early: the rack depletion order at full capacity is: 3 - 4 - 5 - 1 - 2.
* Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from racks 1-6 into racks 8 then 7. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready racks.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 2,200 (200) || 577 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Pintle || 1,000 (200) || 577 || -10°/+30° || ±180°
|-
|}
The {{PAGENAME}} comes with 2 M2HB 0.50 cal machine guns (1 coaxial and 1 roof-mounted), providing a concentrated stream of heavy machine-gun fire to target low-flying aircraft or lightly armoured vehicles.

== Usage in battles ==


The M47 is very much a glass cannon. With a powerful gun, but weak armour, this vehicle should be played carefully, and out of sight of the enemy. As such, it is often beneficial to use an ambush or flanking-based play-style. Attacking enemies without being seen will maximize this tank's capabilities.

The stock APBC shell is quite weak compared to the shells used by the M47's enemies. While working towards the much better HEAT-FS shell, it is advisable to shoot for enemies' tracks and gun barrels if the main hull is too-well protected for the APBC shell to penetrate. Doing so will help to incapacitate your enemies and support your better-armed teammates. Additionally, the M47 should never have any trouble dealing with soft targets. With two 12.7 mm machine guns in addition to the main cannon, light tanks and armoured cars can be dispatched with ease. (On a side note, these machine guns can be used to spot enemy targets, alerting your team to their presence.)

Once the HEAT-FS shell is unlocked, the M47 may be played more like a classic medium tank. There will be few vehicles that the upgraded shell cannot penetrate. It is recommended to play near friendly vehicles, in case support is needed--even with an upgraded shell, the M47 is not a lone wolf, and will suffer without the backup of its allies.

The M47 has above-average mobility, and achieving flanking positions should not pose too much difficulty. However, the tank does have a high-profile, making it easily spotted. Combined with the vehicle's poor armour, this makes it especially important to stay out of the enemy's sight.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good mobility, same handling as the [[M46]]
* Great turret traverse speed once upgraded
* Decent front armour, more sloped than the M46
* 320 mm HEATFS ammunition once unlocked
* Gun depression of -10° is usually sufficient

'''Cons:'''

* Overall bad armour for Rank V matches, especially in the turret
* The gun is not very good with stock ammo, recommended to unlock HEATFS as soon as possible
* Mobility is limited or even rather poor until modifications are purchased.

== History ==

===Development===
The '''M47 Patton''' came about only a few years after its predecessor, the [[M46|M46 Patton]]. The basis of this design was the [[M26|M26 Pershing]], which was deemed insufficiently mobile for its role as a medium tank. The M46 was mainly the M26 Pershing with a new engine, transmission, and a redesigned 90 mm gun. While a good solution for the lacking M26 Pershing design, it was only considered a stopgap solution while the experimental ''T42 medium tank'' was being developed. However, the Korean War put a stop in that development due to an urgent need of tanks, so the T42 project, which would produce a completely new tank design, was put on hold.

An interim decision was made to mount the turret from the T42 onto the hull of the M46 Patton, this modified tank was designated the '''M47 Patton''' and entered production in 1951. A common nickname for the tank was the ''Patton II'', due to the same name as the M46 Patton, this was changed to ''Patton 47'' a few weeks later. The M47 Patton featured most of the armament seen from the M26 Pershing and M46 Patton, with a 90 mm gun and a coaxial and hull-mounted .30 cal machine gun, and a .50 cal machine gun on top of the turret. The M47 Patton has the distinction of being the last American tank with the hull-mounted machine gun on the bow. The new turret required the hull to be redesigned with a larger turret ring and had a "needle-nose" design with the turret mantlet heavily sloped towards the cannon, the design's heavy sloping nature also helped improve protection. The turret also had a large protrusion at the back to act as storage. An M12 stereoscopic range finder was also mounted on a turret, which was difficult to use, but would appear in every American tank design from here on until the M1 Abrams design.

Though technically a medium tank by the army standards, a new standardization in US Army tank designation on November 9, 1950, had the entire system changed from the weight of the tank to the calibre of the vehicle's gun. Therefore in the 1950s, the "Medium Tank M47 Patton" name was changed to '''90 mm Gun Tank M47 Patton'''. This designation would go on for future American tank designs. The M47 Patton began production in June 1951 before its standardization at the Detroit Tank Arsenal. Delays in the production schedule caused a long period of testing to occur until it was standardized in May 1952. Production ran until November 1953 with a total production number of more than 9,000 M47 Pattons between Detroit and Alco.

===Usage===
The M47 Patton came out only a year before the improved M48 Patton. Because of this, the M47 was declared a "limited standard" in American service, and those still in American hands were replaced by the M48 Patton tanks. It was declared obsolete by 1957 and were only retained by infantry divisions until replaced by anti-tank missiles in the 1960s. The M47 Patton was given out in large numbers to a number of countries in NATO and SEATO, such as Pakistan, Jordan, Turkey, Iran, Croatia, France, West Germany, and Spain. The M47 Patton would see service in combat in both Indo-Pakistani Wars, the Six Day War, the Iran-Iraq war, the Invasion of Cyprus, and the Croatian War of Independence. Today, they are still being used in Spain as armour recovery vehicles in artillery and infantry units.

The M47 Pattons were promising new designs developed from the M46 Pattons to improve its combat capabilities with a newer turret. However, it did not serve much in America due to the M48 Patton development, which was a completely new design and had nearly no identical parts with its predecessor. It served very well in other countries as their primary armour forces, but those left in the states were used as targets in firing ranges, mainly for training or as tests for future anti-tank developments. In the 1970s, one was tested against the [[M60|M60 Main Battle Tank]], the successor to the M48 Patton, and its 105 mm L7 gun. The HEAT round fired from the gun penetrated the frontal armour of the M47 Patton with relative ease, armour which was considered superb at its time of introduction. The test went on with many M47 tanks and would prove that conventional steel armour in tank warfare was becoming obsolete in the face of new tank ammo.

=== In-game description ===
The M47 Patton II medium tank, released in the US beginning in June 1951 by the Detroit Tank Arsenal and the American Locomotive Co., was a modernized version of the M46 Patton.

The M47's frontal hull sheets were more sloped, while infrared viewfinders and a heater were added for the crew. The construction for the cast turret was also updated: it took a step forward from the M46, though the builders reduced its interior space in order to add a cupola and reloader's hatch in its overhangs. As a result, indentations were made that proved excellent at catching shells. That error was rectified for the M48 by making the turret fully domed, similar to the Soviet T-54. The tank's armament was reinforced by modernizing the 90 mm cannon, resulting in an initial velocity of over 900 m/s. The M47 hull also differed from the M46: its front section was more streamlined, while the fan hood between the driver and gunner disappeared. Engine power was added, though the tank's top speed remained the same (although the average terrain it encountered was somewhat higher).

As a result, the M47 did not become standard for American tank construction, and it was quickly replaced in its limited role for the US Army (two divisions in West Germany) by the M48. However, it was actively distributed among NATO countries and other US-dependent allies, resulting in total production of 8,676 units.

The M47 Patton II was part of the West German, Austrian, French, Italian, Belgian, Spanish, Jordanian, Japanese, and Turkish armies.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=usa&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=medium_tank&vehicle=us_m47_patton_II Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|Xwid3UCLr5U|'''The Patton Family''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 2:42 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|2RhXj2rTBqM|'''{{PAGENAME}} Tank Review''' - ''NUSensei''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[mKPz M47 G]]
* [[M47 (105/55)]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[M46]]
* [[M46 "Tiger"]]

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:M47_Patton|[Wikipedia] M47 Patton]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/coldwar/us/m47_patton.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> 90mm Gun Tank M47 Patton II]

{{USA medium tanks}}

ST-A1

2021-06-05T06:58:39Z

U93179194: accuracy

{{About
| about = Japanese medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other variants
| link = Type 61 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=jp_st_a1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (also known by '''STA-1''') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced along with the initial Japanese Ground Forces tree in [[Update 1.65 "Way of the Samurai"]].

The ST-A1, similar to most Japanese tanks, is lightly armoured. Although the sloped upper glacis and the rounded turret are capable of bouncing off the occasional shot at BR 6.3, most enemies it faces will not have any problems in penetrating the armour. Combined with the tight placement of crew, modules, and ammo, the ST-A1 is easily taken out in a single shot. The ST-A1 can serve as a sniper or flanker (although it does not have the best speed), however, full utilization of the terrain is essential for survival - due to its powerful gun and low profile, the tank is able to fire off long-range shots without exposing itself. The excellent reverse speed should also be taken advantage of to quickly retreat into cover.

The ST-A1 bears the common Japanese post-war camouflage-schemes - green, bi-colour green and the white spotted winter camouflage, as well as the beige-grey-green and multi-colour camouflage patterns that are purchasable with Golden Eagles. The tank has a distinct silhouette with its rounded turret and long, low chassis, and carries the 90 mm M3A1 cannon found on the [[M46|M46 Patton]] tank.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 75 mm (52°) ''Front glacis'' 75 mm (47°) ''Lower glacis'' || 25 mm (45°) ''Top'' 25 mm ''Bottom'' || 15 mm (15-44°) ''Top'' 15 mm ''Bottom'' || 15 mm
|-
| Turret || 75 mm (5-55°) ''Turret front'' 50 mm (8-65°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 40 mm (16-32°) || 25 mm (7-10°) || 15 mm
|-
! Armour !! Sides !! Roof
|-
| Cupola || 40 mm || 15 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick.

When facing the ST-A1, the left side of the turret holds the gunner and commander whereas the right side holds the ammunition. A well-placed shot into the turret will result in a catastrophic explosion or a possible double crew knock out with a solid shot. If unable to disable the gunner, the breech which is the largest thing in the turret will do as a target due to the repair time is close to one minute (or less depending on the crew skills) giving enough time for the attacker to reload and finish off the tank.

However, in arcade battles, if all of turret crew members knocked out, the "last stand" is very forgiving and the tank seems to soak up damage as if gunner is not even present in the turret. As long as the vehicle doesn't take full ammunition load and spends all of their pre-loaded ammunition, the turret can tank AP and HEAT shots while only likely to lose the gun breech. This makes the tank extremely hard to destroy from a distance, especially from the left side as long as the hull is not hit. Caution must be taken with the turret to avoid being shot directly with APHE or HESH. Close range combat with multiple tanks should be avoided.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=775|rbMinHp=442}}

Its offroad speed is about (AB/RB) 40/33 km/h forward and -18/-15 km/h backwards, and its top speed is 50/45 forward and -20/-17 backwards, reached by driving in one direction for a long time.

Suspension of {{PAGENAME}} allows it to stay on rather high hills, but without mobility upgrades it will still slide off them eventually. It also cannot rush steep hills even in Arcade mode, even at maximum speed, unless you researched everything (And even then it may slide back down at the last moment).

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M3A1 (90 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M3A1 (90 mm)|90 mm M3A1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 40 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+13° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 22.85 || 31.62 || 38.40 || 42.47 || 45.18 || rowspan="2" | 9.75 || rowspan="2" | 8.63 || rowspan="2" | 7.95 || rowspan="2" | 7.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.28 || 16.80 || 20.40 || 22.56 || 24.00
|-
|}

While gun performs at an acceptable level at its battle rating, the module "Adjustment of fire" should be the first module upgraded as well as the available ammunition upgrades. The base ammunition is solely armour-piercing and low quality at that, so it is unsuited to fight other tanks from long range, unlocking other shells will provide the tank operator harder hitting shells.

Progression goes as follows:

;Stock:

* Able to fight light tanks and some medium tanks within about 500 m. Without upgrades, the main gun tends to miss a lot and even if you hit the target the round may ricochet. Attacking heavy tanks is really not recommended with the default ammunition due to the poor quality and low damage.

;APHE and adjustment of fire:

* Able to fight heavy tanks of your own battle rating like the [[IS-2]] or [[Tiger II (P)]] by firing at their frontal turret weak spot at relatively close range and snipe certain medium tanks, although anything of higher battle rating like [[Centurion Mk 3]] should not be attacked directly due to their protective armour. Many of tanks will still bounce your long-range shots, because APHE flies at a high angle since 700 m, and in up-tier, the rounds will not affect any of the heavy tanks. However, you can take flanking snipe routes and use your high-level zoom to snipe them from great distance into their sides where the armour is weaker and with APHE, unlike normal AP, will definitely destroy their entire tank for you as long as it penetrates.

;APCR and elevation mechanism:

* Many will be puzzled by a tank which carries into battle two different APCR rounds. Though the M304 and M332 rounds have different masses, they effectively do the same amount of damage. The larger M304 is a blunt force shell and due to its weight, the main gun must be angled up to ensure the heavy shell reaches its target. Unfortunately, with the higher angle of attaching, the shell does lose some penetration power. The M332, on the other hand, is a smaller mass round, however, it can be fired more like a rifle round almost level at the target. This smaller round impacts its targets at a higher velocity breaching heavily armoured tanks from longer distances with a minimal chance of ricochet. With the smaller mass comes smaller damage, but because of this, the M304 and M332 are doing roughly the same damage. It may still one-shot cramped-quarter tanks if you shoot straight through the middle of them or aim for the crew specifically. Most of enemy heavy SPG and some up-tier superheavies will still ignore your shots and attempt to one-shot you back so you will find yourself constantly using both APHE and APCR, trying to adapt to your current enemy.

;HEAT-FS:

* With M348 unlocked, you can now simply destroy [[T-44]] by firing at the left of their tank (right for you if head-on) and [[IS-2]] by firing straight at the middle of their hull. You also can destroy all the enemy SPG and heavy tanks which were bullying you this entire time from any range, for example, you can destroy [[Jagdtiger]] with two shots by crew knockout, destroy [[T32E1]] which is normally a pain to hit into hull weak spot with APHE even with X16 zoom, and, if playing AB, you can now destroy superior [[Leopard I]] without any issues. It's worth remembering though, that certain rare tanks like [[Centurion Mk.5 AVRE]] and [[T95]] are highly resistant to HEAT or just damage in general, requiring you to aim very well or retreat, and HEAT often explodes if touches anything on it's flight path, so kinetic shells are still required.

At all progression stages it is important to remember that your engine deck blocks your gun from depressing to -10 degrees and any tank with low profile can exploit this weakness, if they have to.

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| M318 shot || APBC || 175 || 173 || 161 || 147 || 135 || 123
|-
| M82 shot || APCBC || 185 || 182 || 170 || 155 || 142 || 130
|-
| M304 shot || APCR || 287 || 281 || 259 || 234 || 211 || 191
|-
| M332 shot || APCR || 291 || 286 || 264 || 240 || 217 || 197
|-
| M348 shell || HEATFS || 305 || 305 || 305 || 305 || 305 || 305
|-
| M71 shell || HE || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| M318 shot || APBC || 853 || 10.98 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| M82 shot || APCBC || 853 || 10.94 || 1.2 || 14 || 137.2 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| M304 shot || APCR || 1,021 || 7.62 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| M332 shot || APCR || 1,165 || 5.7 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| M348 shell || HEATFS || 853 || 6.5 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 926.17 || 65° || 72° || 77°
|-
| M71 shell || HE || 823 || 10.55 || 0 || 0.1 || 925 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| M313 || 821 || 10.7 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''40''' || 39 ''(+1)'' || 30 ''(+10)'' || 1 ''(+39)'' || No
|-
|}


=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}

The machine guns of ST-A1 can be used to destroy super light SPG like [[M56]] and 12 mm MG is capable of destroying [[AUBL/74]] and similar vehicles. They also can be used to fire at planes, though the damage is minimal.

Despite of them being useful, it's better to rely on your main gun first, as light vehicles at BR of 6.3 are capable of dishing out unexpected fatal damage and they should be destroyed the very moment you spot them.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 660 (200) || 577 || -5°/+90° || ±30°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 4,500 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


As the ST-A1 is Japan's first tank for a new era of tank development, it shows the same gameplay issues as the [[Chi-Ha#Usage in battles|Chi-Ha]]. The weak armor, the slow to mediocre turret rotation speed, quite a long hull and high drop-rate of shells.

But its not just all negatives, the mobility is good for what it is, has adequate gun depression and the ST-A1 even comes with HEAT like the [[Chi-Ha]], this time in the form of M348 HEAT-FS researchable as tier IV modification.

Other than the similarities to the Chi-Ha, the ST-A has its own factors good and bad which should be kept in mind when playing. From the very good reverse speed, great zoom factor, the additional .50 cal as roof mount and many shell options to large ammo racks that are bound to be set off, the elevated engine deck not allowing to shoot behind the tank.

=== Gameplay ===
The plan is simple and similar to the Chi-Ha & other early Japanese medium tanks, you want to stay either near or behind your allies and not rush forward, you can't take much damage, but you can deliver a punch. Pre-aim the turret and guide the enemy tanks into the sights as the rotation speed isn't of the fastest.

The further you are from your enemy the better for the inadequate armor, The ST-A comes with an amazing zoom factor and allows for clear sniping, but do keep in mind the shell drop-off are rather high.

Before you have your hands on the HEAT-FS, the safest bet is to exploit the flanks of the enemy, especially when starting with only AP, frontal penetrations won't happen reliable with the tanks the ST-A faces, try aiming for ammo racks, put a solid round into cramped crew members while trying to get the M82 shot and back up into cover or behind corners as the crew reloads the shell.

After unlocking the M82 APHE, placing shots is less important, once it penetrates, it's most likely to blow up good. It will come at the cost of the extra penetration, but when aiming for the sides, extra penetration isn't required. It's still a good idea to bring some AP shells with the tank just in-case you have to fight in a frontal engagement and the APHE fails to penetrate.

With the HEAT-FS finally unlocked, you can fully make use of the punches you can deal and the zoom you have, help your allies out with the toughest of enemies and simply frontally penetrate them.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Vehicle body is thin and low = small front profile
* Adequate gun depression of -10°
* 90 mm gun that allows for combat against contemporary medium tanks
* .50 cal machine gun allows for AA defence
* Good speed, OK mobility
* Very good reverse speed
* Access to HEAT-FS shells
* Has x16 zoom as maximum with competition generally using x8 at best

'''Cons:'''

* Elevated engine deck prevents rear gun depression
* Large ammo rack all over the turret, especially left side (Aiming right side), if you take more than 29 shells and don't spend the "first stage" rack fast
* Inadequate hull raw armour of 75 mm at the front, relies on slopes and bounces for resistance against shots
* Even more inadequate turret armour of around 40-75 mm overall
* Gun sub-par against the heavy tanks like the [[Tiger II (H)|Tiger II]]
* Miserable accuracy without modifications; even short range shots are quite difficult
* High drop-rate of shells make long-range engagements difficult
* 15 mm of armour on top of the turret and engine deck make it easy to penetrate for Strafing Air and Artillery

== History ==
{{main|Type 61 (Family)|l1=History of the Type 61 MBT}}


Once Japan acknowledged defeat in World War II, its military institutions had to be reformed with new systems and production methods. The country was prohibited from having an official military, and was instead permitted to create a paramilitary national police force. During this time they used American tanks lent to them by the US. Later, as the Korean war intensified, the United States allowed Japan to have its own defense force in the face of increased tensions. By the mid 50's, it became clear that the Self-Defense Force required their own tank development to fit the terrain of the country. New lightweight Japanese tanks were planned to be compact and maneuverable, making them able to be transported cross-country through mountainous terrain. The vehicles borrowed from the main armament of the American 90mm caliber gun, familiar and favoured by War Thunder players as the main armament of the American M46 and M47 tanks.

To fulfill the military's requirements, tank designers offered several promising projects, the first of which was the ST-A1. The tank ended up quite compact, with a height of only 2.2 meters. This allowed it to have excellent cover abilities, with a cast turret and traditional Japanese tank layout: the engine installed behind the transmission. Two finished vehicles of this model were built. Despite the fact that the ST-A1 series did not continue, it was a starting point for the future of Japanese tank development.

''- From [[wt:en/news/4334-development-st-a1-stepping-into-a-new-era-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/4334-development-st-a1-stepping-into-a-new-era-en/|[Devblog] ST-A1: Stepping into a New Era]]

{{Japan medium tanks}}

L3/33 CC

2021-03-25T08:16:29Z

U93179194:

{{Specs-Card
|code=it_l3_cc
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_L3_33_CC.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (shortened to ''{{Specs|pseudonym}}'') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]].

The L3/33 CC is an Italian tank that is the War Thunder equivalent of a shoe-box on tracks (with a gun, of course). This vehicle has very little armour, which allows for it to quickly and deftly maneuver across the battlefield, scouting for pockets to position the vehicle in for tactical advantages against the slower and heavier enemy vehicles it faces.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 8 mm (79°) ''Front glacis'' 14 mm (0°) ''Lower glacis'' || 14 mm || 8 mm (0-32°) || 8 mm 5 mm ''Hatches''
|-
| Superstructure || 14 mm (13-64°) 14 mm (0-62°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 14 mm (0-15°) || 14 mm (0-17°) || 8 mm 5 mm ''Hatches''
|-
|}

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=61|rbMinHp=38}}

The L3/33 CC is very mobile both on and offroad. Thanks to its light weight, it accelerates quickly and can cruise at 40 / 25 km/h (AB/RB) in seconds. It does not lose much speed when turning but tends to oversteer when turning while driving over 40 km/h (in AB). With only -6 km/h in reverse (AB & RB), turning around and driving away is easier to retreat form unwanted situations.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Fucile Controcarri S Mod.39 (20 mm)}}

Wielding an anti-tank rifle with a 10 round magazine capable of launching a small APHE every second, the L3/33, in the hands of a competent commander, is able to deal with multiple lightly-armoured vehicles in quick succession. The only thing holding this quick-firing gun back is a lack of effective penetration to deal with all tanks at its battle rating, requiring the commander of this vehicle to be up close and personal and/or flank in order to deal with well-armoured targets ([[M3 Stuart]], [[Pz.38(t) F]], [[T-70]]). Certain heavy targets ([[B1 bis]]) should be avoided altogether.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Fucile Controcarri S Mod.39 (20 mm)|20 mm Fucile Controcarri S Mod.39]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 110 (10) || rowspan="2" | 60 || rowspan="2" | ±15° || rowspan="2" | ±10° || rowspan="2" | Vertical || 17.6 || 24.4 || 29.6 || 32.7 || 34.8 || rowspan="2" | 7.8 || rowspan="2" | 6.9 || rowspan="2" | 6.4 || rowspan="2" | 6.0
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 11.9 || 14.0 || 17.0 || 18.8 || 20.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| Perforante mod.35 || APHE || 40 || 38 || 29 || 20 || 14 || 10
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| Perforante mod.35 || APHE || 832 || 0.14 || 1.2 || 9 || 1.7 || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! 9th rack empty
! 10th rack empty
! 11th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''11''' || 10 ''(+1)'' || 9 ''(+2)'' || 8 ''(+3)'' || 7 ''(+4)'' || 6 ''(+5)'' || 5 ''(+6)'' || 4 ''(+7)'' || 3 ''(+8)'' || 2 ''(+9)'' || 1 ''(+10)'' || 0 ''(+11)'' || No
|-
|}
[[File:Ammoracks_L3_33_CC.png|right|x250px|thumbnail|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

== Usage in battles ==

The L3/33 CC is best used in ambushes, as this tactic allows it to strike from a close distance; a hill can provide a nice spot for this, as the L3 has 15 degrees of gun depression and can get to cover by simply reversing if it is spotted in time. It is also useful as a flanker due to its small size (hard to spot) and high mobility.

When playing the L3/33, incoming fire should be avoided at all costs. Due to the cramped layout of internal modules and crew of 2, any penetrating shell is enough to destroy the vehicle. In addition, the armour is so weak that it cannot even protect against .50 calibre machine gunplay carefully.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

[[B1 bis|B1]]:

The B1 is covered by thick armour of at least 50 mm in all directions, even the turret ring and the copula are 40 mm which all exceed the maximum penetration of the L3 (38 mm). Do anything to avoid fighting this tank, leave it to your teammates by pinning its position on the map. But if unfortunately, you have to confront it, you must avoid its guns. Don't think you are small enough to slide beneath its guns, as it's hull-mounted 75 mm cannon has a whopping -20° depression, and the 47 mm in the turret has -18°, meaning that even if you are squeezing right between its tracks, it can still hit your fragile roof armour and eliminate a crew member with shrapnel. The only real damage you can do to it is to repeatedly shoot at its tracks to immobilize it.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Extremely tiny profile is sometimes a big advantage
* It utilizes small amounts of cover/bushes effectively
* Can easily sneak into lots of unexpected positions and set up for an ambush, advance or retreat
* Low silhouette can be fully covered behind a single one big bush decoration. It can even be covered with normal grass
* Amazing gun depression of -15° makes it a great mountain combat tank; combined with its tiny profile it can poke out only its gun to shoot from behind cover
* Quick firing cannon with an autoloading magazine can pinpoint enemy crew, especially with the spread-out ones like the LVT(A)
* Short stock grind, the best (and only) shell comes stock

'''Cons:'''

* Awful penetration makes the vehicle basically unplayable.

== History ==

The '''Carro Veloce L3/33''', also known as the '''CV-33''' was a [[wikipedia:Tankette|tankette]] produced by Carro Veloce for the Regio Esercito beginning in 1933. The design was an adaptation of the British [[wikipedia:Carden_Loyd_tankette|Carden Loyd tankette]], which had seen wide success on the international export market and became the basis for a number of similar tankette designs throughout the 1930's. Because Italy lacked the industrial base to produce large numbers of more complex and advanced tank designs, the L3/33 and later [[wikipedia:L3/35|L3/35 tankette]] formed the backbone of the Italian armoured corps and became the most widely produced Italian armoured fighting vehicles of the war, seeing service from the Italian invasion of Ethiopia to the very end of WW2. Several variants were produced, including a flamethrower variant (the L3/33 FL, standing for "Lanciaflamme"), a bridge carrier variant and a command radio variant.

As the war progressed, and the Italians faced the Allies in France and North Africa with their more heavily armed and armoured tanks and long-range anti-tank guns, the deficiencies of the L3/33 and 35 became apparent. Although fast and possessing a low profile, it was too thinly armoured, capable of only withstanding infantry rifle calibre munitions. In addition, its standard armament of a 6.5mm machine gun proved inadequate for long-range combat or engaging other armoured vehicles. While the Regio Esercito began slowly upgrading its armoured units to more modern standards, stopgap solutions to make up for the difference were considered and adopted. One of these was to mount a [[Fucile Controcarri S Mod.39 (20 mm)]] in a small number of L3/33's and 35's, replacing the 6.5mm machine gun and creating an ad-hoc tank destroyer platform. These were designated as the '''L3/33 CC''', which stood for "contocarro" ("anti-tank"). Arriving too late to see action in Libya before the Axis retreat, they saw only limited action in Tunisia. Gradually, the L3/33 and L3/35 would be withdrawn from front line service, serving largely in behind-the-line roles such as artillery towing vehicles and police vehicles in Axis-occupied territories. After the Axis's fell, many tanks were captured and either destroyed or repurposed. The last recorded use of an L3/33 in service was during the Iraqi war, where the US captured the tank.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=italy&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=tank_destroyer&vehicle=it_l3_cc Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|VFEv4q3G5Us|'''Most unusual vehicles''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 3:56 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles of comparable role, configuration and era

* [[AMR.35 ZT3]]
* [[ASU-57]]

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:L3/33|[Wikipedia] L3/33]]

{{Italy tank destroyers}}

Type 74 (G)

2021-02-19T12:33:09Z

U93179194: loud engine con

{{About
| about = Japanese premium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the regular version
| link = Type 74
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=jp_type_74_mod_g_kai
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|store=6703
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.87 "Locked On"]]. Compared to its tech tree counterpart, the [[Type 74]], it has a minuscule upgrade to its protection in the form of sideskirts and had the IR floodlight replaced by a thermal imaging system.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull, Side skirts)
* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret, Gun mantlet, Cupola)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 40 mm (73°) ''Front glacis - upper section'' 80 mm (64°) ''Front glacis - lower section'' 80 mm (57°) ''Lower glacis'' 50 mm ''Hull over the tracks'' 50 mm ''Driver port'' || 50 mm (44°) ''Top - front part'' 35 mm (44°) ''Top - center and rear parts'' 30 mm ''Bottom'' 10 mm ''Side skirts'' 10 mm (55°) ''Belly'' || 20 mm ''Top'' 20 mm (47°) ''Bottom'' || 25 mm
|-
| Turret || 132 mm (25°) ''Turret front'' 200 mm (40°) ''Gun mantlet - upper section'' 100 mm ''Gun mantlet - lower section'' || 132 mm (30°) ''Front half'' 67 mm (40°) ''Rear half'' || 37 mm (18°) ''Vertical part'' 40 mm (70°) ''Turret ring area'' || 67 mm (82°) ''Front'' 37 mm ''Rear''
|-
| Cupola || 80 mm (61°) || colspan="2" style="text-align:center" | 80 mm (55°) || 80 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Frontally, the driver port as well as the hull over the tracks are weak spots on the {{PAGENAME}}.
* The bottom of the hull is only 10 mm thick, making it vulnerable to powerful HE shells shot under the belly.

The armour on the Type 74 is nothing special and shouldn't be relied upon to surviving a shot from the enemy. It is therefore better to not get hit by an enemy tank shell to begin with. Its only merit is being able to resist autocannon rounds from light tanks or IFVs, which can buy precious seconds for the {{PAGENAME}} to retaliate before the enemy gets a good shot.

With four crew members, the survivability of the {{PAGENAME}} after penetration is on-par with other tank designs from USA and Germany. The prominence of APFSDS shells in this rank combined with the thin armour of the {{PAGENAME}} can mean instances where an APFSDS penetrates the armour and goes right through with minimal shrapnel damage, and so relatively little interior damage outside of the APFSDS' direct flight path.

The special thing about this tank is its pneumatic suspension. It give you the possibility to be fully hull-down on mountains. That capacity can make the {{PAGENAME}} less visible and therefore less exposed to enemy fire.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 1116|rbMinHp= 637}}

The {{PAGENAME}}'s mobility is pretty decent and comparable to the OF-40 Mk 2 or Leopard A1A1, but slightly slower. The {{PAGENAME}} however has a reverse speed of only -14 km/h against -25 km/h for the previously mentioned tanks.

While the {{PAGENAME}} can outspeed Russian, British and most American medium tanks, don't expect to be faster than a BMP, TAM, Bradley or the faster premiums like OF-40 MTCA or AMX-30 Super.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|L7A3 (105 mm)}}

The gun is identical to the tech tree version of the Type 74, a L7A3 105mm cannon. It possess one of the more potent kinetic shells with its Type 93 APFSDS penetration power. Although the reload time is not as fast as other 105 mm armed tanks that can be encountered, like the Leopard A1A1, OF 40, and the AMX-30 Super, the Type 93 APFSDS has an even greater penetration power than the L44 cannon on the Leopard A1A1 (L/44).

The gun comes with a stabilizer so firing on the move with the Type 74G is possible. However, the gun depression of 6 degrees is, on paper, relatively poor that doesn't allow for effective fighting from ridgelines, requiring a position that exposed the tank more to get a shot at your target. However, the pneumatic suspension of the {{PAGENAME}} can compensate for the lack of gun depression, and so it must be utilised to get the most out of the {{PAGENAME}}.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L7A3 (105 mm)|105 mm L7A3]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 50 || rowspan="2" | -6°/+9° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 22.8 || 38.1 || 38.4 || 42.5 || 45.18 || rowspan="2" | 8.7 || rowspan="2" | 7.7 || rowspan="2" | 7.1 || rowspan="2" | 6.7
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.3 || 20.3 || 20.4 || 22.6 || 24.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The available ammunition offers a complete range to engage all types of targets:

* '''Type 91''': HEATFS; a shaped charge that can penetrate any vehicle's armour frontally. Like the APFSDS shot, increased armour thickness results in reduced amount of spalling (shrapnel) after penetration. You are able to take out enemies on any distance, since the HEAT round does not lose penetration with distance traveled - very handy on large maps like Kursk. Unlike APFSDS it has one downside: given that it is a chemical round, its fuse is highly sensitive in regards to its practical application in battle. As a result, virtually anything, such as trees or even a fence, will set it off prematurely, so you cannot fire through obstructions with this kind of round. Knowledge of potential opponents vehicle layouts will be very handy to use.
* '''Type 75''': HESH; high-explosive squash head projectiles work very differently from other shell types. It ignores any angle, except for ricochet, and deals damage by metal-flakes which are blown off inside the armour by the exterior explosion. To create this deadly shrapnel inside the tank, make sure to only hit armour plates which are a direct part of the interior crew compartment of the tank. Hitting exterior parts of a tank like spaced armour, the suspension, tracks etc. will not harm crew members/modules at all. Currently, only true armour thickness (as opposed to the line of sight thickness) will provide sufficient means of protection, benefiting the USSR turret designs and in general German tanks. Like all high-explosive shells, the fuse is very sensitive and can be set-off by most objects e.g. fences, trees, pillars. The slow muzzle velocity of this shell can make it quite hard to hit targets at longer distances, but at the same time it can be handy because its arc trajectory, allows it to land hits on enemies hiding behind shallow hills.
* '''M735''': APFSDS; a kinetic rod with high penetration power but without explosive. It is capable of easily penetrating the majority of the foes it meets, but these rounds do require finesse as to their placing. Because the projectile lacks an explosive filler, the best bet is to try and either knock out the majority of the enemy tank's crew or to destroy the enemy by ammo or fuel detonation through hitting their respective storage capacities. This, of course, requires knowledge about the vehicles the {{PAGENAME}} may face - so be sure to use the game's X-Ray view in the hangar and analyse the potential foes for their weak spots! Also, keep in mind that with increased armour thickness the amount of shrapnel shrinks.
* '''M416''': Smoke; useful to blind enemy vehicles that are too remote for you to disable so that you can progress towards objectives.
* '''Type 93''': APFSDS; a kinetic rod with increased penetration power compared to the M735.

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| Type 91 || HEATFS || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400
|-
| Type 75 || HESH || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127
|-
| M735 || APFSDS || 353 || 350 || 342 || 333 || 322 || 312
|-
| Type 93 || APFSDS || 405 || 403 || 396 || 388 || 378 || 370
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| Type 91 || HEATFS || 1,150 || 10.5 || 0.0 || 0.1 || 1,270 || 65° || 72° || 75°
|-
| Type 75 || HESH || 760 || 10.8 || 0.4 || 0.1 || 2,700 || 73° || 77° || 80°
|-
| M735 || APFSDS || 1,501 || 3.7 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 76° || 77° || 78°
|-
| Type 93 || APFSDS || 1,501 || 3.4 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| M416 || 730 || 11.4 || 20 || 5 || 25 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''50''' || 16 ''(+34)'' || 7 ''(+43)'' || 1 ''(+49)'' || No
|-
|}

* Racks 2 and 3 are first stage ammo racks. They total 15 shells and get filled first when loading up the tank.
* These racks are also emptied early: the rack depletion order at full capacity is: 3 - 2 - 1.
* To go into battle with the frontal ammo rack empty, pack 16 ''(+34)'' shells, the rack depletion order will then be 3 - 2.



=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|Type 74 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount
! Capacity (Belt capacity)
! Rate of fire (shots/minute)
! Vertical guidance
! Horizontal guidance
|-
| Pintle || 600 (200) || 577 || -10°/+40° || ±120°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type 74 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Type 74]]
|-
! Mount
! Capacity (Belt capacity)
! Rate of fire (shots/minute)
! Vertical guidance
! Horizontal guidance
|-
| Coaxial || 4,500 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

While it's not recommended, it's still possible to use 12.7 mm to fight light tanks like [[AUBL/74 HVG]] or [[Rooikat Mk.1D]] and most SPAA tanks at <100 m range.

Do not charge them with just the MG, especially at long range, as even poorly armored rank V light tanks can survive frontal MG fire long enough to disarm and explode Type 74 - let them come to you, hit them with the main gun and ensure they never move again by firing at their sides or flat parts, while hiding yours.

Any melee oriented light tanks like [[BMP-2]] or [[Warrior]] with add-on armour will have enough armour to absorb the MG fire and will greet Type 74 back with point blank ATGM attack, which machine guns will be unable to stop at such range.

== Usage in battles ==


The Type 74G is a classic MBT with good mobility and firepower. It's fast enough to be somewhat competitive with its peers (although low-speed acceleration and maneuverability are lacking, which makes urban fighting sometimes tedious), and can sometimes reach favourable early-game positions before the enemy. The Type 74G is slower than the [[AMX-30 Super]], [[OF-40 (MTCA)]], and most IFVs, so watch out for those tanks in situations where mobility is required. The Type 74G's reverse speed is mediocre, so peeking an enemy in order to take a shot can be dangerous; the enemy may have time to fire back before the Type 74G can retreat into cover. All in all, this tank has good mobility, but it can't be depended on in a pinch, and it certainly doesn't give the Type 74G a significant advantage over the enemy.

The armour on the Type 74 is nothing special and shouldn't be relied on to survive a shot from the enemy. Any APFSDS shell can penetrate the Type 74G's armour from practically any angle. It is therefore better to not get hit by an enemy tank shell to begin with. The armour's only merit is being able to resist machine gun and autocannon rounds from light tanks or IFVs such as the [[BMP-2]], which can buy precious seconds for the {{PAGENAME}} to retaliate before the enemy gets a good shot. With four crew members, the survivability of the {{PAGENAME}} after penetration is on-par with other tank designs from USA and Germany. The prominence of APFSDS shells in this rank combined with the thin armour of the {{PAGENAME}} can mean instances where an APFSDS penetrates the armour and goes right through with minimal shrapnel damage, and so relatively little interior damage outside of the APFSDS' direct flight path.

With the Type 74G, it is recommended to take no more than 15 shells into battle, since these first 15 shells are stored in a relatively safe compartment in the turret. With these shells, the tank is able to penetrate most enemy tanks except at very long ranges. The Type 93 APFSDS shell is one of the best at this tier, and a quick reload time lets the Type 74G be a deadly weapon on the battlefield. The Type 74G has a worse rotation than most Western MBTs, although it is better that that of Russian tanks. This difference can mean the difference between life and death in situations where quick aiming is important. This tank is also able to use a pneumatic suspension system to lower or raise its hull on its suspension. This is useful when firing from behind cover. The Type 74G can go fully hull-down when behind a ridgeline, and ridgeline sniping is therefore one of this vehicle's strengths. While it's not recommended, it is possible to use the tank's 12.7 mm machine gun to fight light tanks like the [[AUBL/74 HVG]].

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* Decent mobility, enough to be competitive and reach most of your favourite positions
* Very good APFSDS shell (Type 93) - one of the best in its rank
* Good lineup with Type 89, Type 87, Type 16 and regular Type 74
* Some armour to stop autocannons from IFVs and MBTs, such as the BMP-2, XM803, MBT-70 and the French tanks with 20 mm coax guns
* Pneumatic suspension

'''Cons:'''

* Slower than for example Leopard A1A1 or OF-40, and quite a bit slower than AMX-30 Super and OF-40 MTCA
* Worse turret rotation than other western MBTs, but still better than Russians
* Mediocre reverse speed at only 16 kph compared to the mentioned competitors
* Generally a little bit more sluggish in the steering than the other Nations MBTs
* Exceptionally loud engine (even louder when adjusting suspension), can often reveal player's position

== History ==

{{main|Type_74#History|l1=History of the Type 74}}

In 1993, a program was launched to upgrade 4 Type 74 tanks to a new Type 74 Kai (mod. G) standard. The tanks were equipped with the NBC protection system of the Type 90, a passive infrared camera like the Type 90, a laser detection device linked with smoke launchers and side skirts. The program was abandoned quickly as the upgrade proved too expensive in a context of military budget reduction due to the end of the Cold War.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=japan&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=medium_tank&vehicle=jp_type_74_mod_g_kai Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|rF7B9ROJLEg|'''Type 74G: Slower Top Tier Experience''' - ''Napalmratte''|C1HCuRbl9lw|'''Real Sound Recording: Type 74 Edition''' - ''DMM GAMES Official Channel''|TZEt-V6V2WQ|'''JGSDF Type 74: 360° Video''' - ''DMM GAMES Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Related Development

* [[STB-1]] - (Prototype Stage)
* [[Type 74]]
* [[Type 74 F|Type 74 (F)]] - (Variant allowing to equip a mine-roller)

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[Leopard 1A5]]
* [[AMX-30 Super]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6067-development-shop-type-74-mod-g-kai-and-pre-order-of-the-japanese-packs-en|[Shop] Type 74 mod G/Kai and Pre-Order of the Japanese Packs]]

{{Japan medium tanks}}
{{Japan premium ground vehicles}}

T25

2020-12-06T20:15:22Z

U93179194: No ready rack added as advantage

{{Specs-Card|code=us_t25}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.53 "Firestorm"]]. The T25 is, for all intents and purposes, a prototype [[M26|M26 Pershing]], with nearly the same design, turret, and gun. It comes directly after the [[M4A3 (76) W]] in the American medium tank line.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

'''Armour type:'''

*Cast homogeneous armour (Front, Turret)
*Rolled homogeneous armour (Side, Rear, Roof)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 76.2 mm (47°) ''Front Glacis'' 63.5 mm (56°) ''Lower Glacis''|| 50.8 mm ''Front half'' 38.1 mm ''Rear half'' || 38.1 mm (7-22°) || 19.05 mm
|-
| Turret || 76.2 mm (1-80°) ''Turret front'' 88.9 mm (7-80°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 63.5 mm (0-31°) || 63.5 mm (1-3°) || 25.4 mm
|-
! Armour !! Sides !! Roof
|-
| Cupola || 76.2 mm || 25.4 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels, bogies, and tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Machine gun port on hull is vulnerable due to flat armour.

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=775|rbMinHp=442}}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|M3 (90 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M3 (90 mm)|90 mm M3]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 50 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Vertical || 22.85 || 31.62 || 38.40 || 42.47 || 45.18 || rowspan="2" | 9.75 || rowspan="2" | 8.63 || rowspan="2" | 7.95 || rowspan="2" | 7.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.28 || 16.80 || 20.40 || 22.56 || 24.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| M77 shot || AP || 162 || 160 || 148 || 135 || 123 || 113
|-
| M82 shot || APCBC || 173 || 170 || 159 || 145 || 133 || 121
|-
| M304 shot || APCR || 287 || 281 || 259 || 234 || 211 || 191
|-
| M71 shell || HE || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| M77 shot || AP || 822 || 10.61 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| M82 shot || APCBC || 813 || 10.94 || 1.2 || 14.0 || 137.2 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| M304 shot || APCR || 1,021 || 7.62 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| M71 shell || HE || 823 || 10.55 || 0.1 || 0.5 || 925 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''50''' || 41 ''(+9)'' || 33 ''(+17)'' || 25 ''(+25)'' || 17 ''(+33)'' || 9 ''(+41)'' || 1 ''(+49)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount
! Capacity (Belt capacity)
! Rate of fire (shots/minute)
! Vertical guidance
! Horizontal guidance
|-
| Pintle || 500 (200) || 576 || -10°/+60° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]
|-
! Mount
! Capacity (Belt capacity)
! Rate of fire (shots/minute)
! Vertical guidance
! Horizontal guidance
|-
| Coaxial || 4,500 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The T25 is a medium tank, but the mobility can give the impression that it is a quick heavy tank when driving it. Its top speed is on par with the [[Comet I|Comet]], but it accelerates slower. The T25 is respectably mobile and is one of the first American tanks to have neutral steering, which allows for excellent and light low-speed handling and useful in tight urban maps. The T25's saving grace is the fact that it's got the 90 mm, on par to the Tiger's [[KwK 36 (88 mm)|88 mm gun]].

When using this tank, use it as what it is - a medium tank. It has many of the very desirable qualities for a medium tank - containing elements of a tank destroyer, a medium tank, and a heavy tank into one powerful package. Its armour is above average, being on par with a Tiger I, because of it being sloped. When angled, the tank is extremely tough, but do not expect the armour to save the T25 every time - the common [[IS-2]] is extremely dangerous. Its hide may be thick, but once upgraded, it can keep up with things like Panthers, but don't expect to win any running races soon! Its speed is what surprises many players, as American tanks are not known for their speed. This speed can allow flanking manoeuvres and to get to positions impossible for most American tanks. This leads into its tank destroyer capability - the part that makes the T25 very effective. It has access to the famed M82 APCBC rounds, which matches Russian tanks on post-penetration effect, owing to the round's massive 137 grams of explosive filler. And for good measure, it has the same penetration as a Tiger 1's 88mm APCBC rounds. It even has access to very powerful APCR rounds for it's BR, but the T25 will not usually need 260 mm of penetration. Its various qualities make it a jack of all trades, with its only weakness being mobility and thin side armour. The T25 gives a glimpse of American medium tank gameplay after the Sherman series.

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Mobility
! Protection
! colspan="2" | Firepower
|-
| I
| Tracks
|
| Parts
| M82 shot
| Horizontal Drive
|-
| II
| Suspension
| Brake System
| FPE
| M304 shot
| Adjustment of Fire
|-
| III
| Filters
|
| Crew Replenishment
| Elevation Mechanism
|
|-
| IV
| Transmission
| Engine
|
| Artillery Support
|
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful 90 mm gun, same gun mounted on the M26 and the M36 GMC
* Vertical gun stabilizer that works up to 24 km/h
* Mounts a .50 cal machine gun on top for anti-aircraft defence
* Unlike following 90mm M3 vehicles, no first-stage ammo rack = no reload time penalty. This can be helpful during prolonged fights, and extra valuable in the assault mode
* It's a middle ground between the M26 and the M4A3 (76) W
* Lower profile than the [[M4A3 (76) W |M4 Sherman]] tanks
* Much more manoeuvrable and faster than the M26 Pershing
* Can immediately research the M82 shell upon purchase
* Has neutral steering
* Similar play style to that of the M26 Pershing
* .50 cal AA machine gun that can rotate a full 360 degree

'''Cons:'''

* 90 mm cannon is notorious for having a longer reload time than its competitors
* Armour is woefully inadequate at its rank
* Slow, can't keep up with T-34 and Panthers, even Tiger IIs on some terrains
* Stock shell is bad

== History ==

=== T20 series ===
After the [[M4|M4 Sherman]] was adopted as the United States military's standard tank, work began on a new tank design to be the successor of the M4 Sherman. U.S. Ordnance Department got to work in spring of 1942, which would lead up to the ''[[T20]]'' tank designs. The T20, along with its variants like the ''T22'' and ''T23'', were all marginal improvements over the M4 Sherman with a more powerful [[M1 (76 mm)|76 mm gun]], a rear transmission design, and having a much lower profile. While the Ordnance Dept. tinkered around with these designs with various components, the Armored Board rejected the few designs offered to them for being maintenance extensive, as well as not seeing a need to replace their abundant and well-suited M4 Shermans on the field. While the tanks were rejected, they did provide some technical upgrades to the current Sherman designs. An example of this is the horizontal-volute suspension system (HVSS)that eventually became the suspension of the "E8" Shermans such as the [[M4A3 (76) W|M4A3E8]].<ref name="PershingHunnicutt">Hunnicutt, R.P. ''Pershing: A History of the Medium Tank T20 Series'' U.S.A.: Feist Publications, 1971</ref> Another example is the T23 turret, which would become the main turret on Shermans mounting the 76 mm cannon on the "E6" program.

Though the Armored Board rejected the tanks for immediate combat use, the Ordnance Dept. continued their development. The T20s were not completely disregarded, as one of the models, the T23, was seen as promising enough that an initial order of 250 tanks was placed in May 1943. As tests continued, the order was modified. 50 of the tanks were to be adapted to use a [[M3 (90 mm)|90 mm gun]] as its main armament. Forty of them were to be simple T23 upgrades with the new turret, but ten were to also have additional armour on the hull. These two 90 mm tanks asked are designated the '''T25''' and ''T26'' respectively.<ref name="PershingHunnicutt" />

===Development of the T25===
The first T25 was made by adding a 90 mm gun turret onto the T23. This converted T23 first arrived at Aberdeen Proving Ground on 21 January 1944, and a second one arrived at Fort Knox on 29 April. Both models had a horizontal-volute suspension system with 23-inch tracks. This original T25 was roughly 3 tons heavier than the T23 and carried the 90 mm gun T7, the prototype of the 90 mm M3. Other changes from the T23 consists of a narrower and longer driver hatch to adapt to the gun mantlet of the new turret, as well as smaller changes in the interior for increased ammo storage. The transmission was still that of the T23 with the electric transmission with a Ford GAN engine.<ref name="PershingHunnicutt" />

Another variant of the T25 was developed by the Ordnance Dept when they discovered that the electric drive on the T25 and T26 added too much weight to the overall design. This variation changed the transmission on the two tanks to a Torqmatic transmission design, essentially an improved T20's transmission design, as well as torsion bar suspension. These variants were designated with an "E1" name to ''T25E1'' and ''T26E1''. It was decided that the "E1" tanks were to be the standard production model with them to go along with the orders. Production and deliveries of the T25E1 and T26E1 were carried out between February to May 1944. The T25E1 and T26E1 participated in a series of tests at Aberdeen Proving Grounds and Fort Knox to determine their combat suitability and design flaws. Testing for the E1 tanks lasted from their arrival in February to summer of 1944.<ref name="PershingHunnicutt" />

===Rejection and fate===
By summer of 1944, Operation Overlord commenced and battle reports coming in from the troops are taken in for any suggestions on future tank development. The troops in Normandy were running into anti-tank defences able to destroy their [[M4|M4 Shermans]] with ease, and now they called for a tank with more powerful armament and increased armour. This new perspective caused an unfortunate setback for the T25 in comparison to its up-armoured brother T26. As such, priority on the T25 declined as priority work went into the T26 and into fixing its faults. Only 42 tanks, 2 T25 and 40 T25E1s, were produced between January and May of 1944.<ref name="PershingHunnicutt" />

The T25 and T25E1 tanks continued on in the Armored Board and Ordnance Dept. as test pieces for other projects. The T25 in Armored Board stayed in testing until the 28th of September, 1944, before their focus also switched to the T26 series. The Ordnance Dept. converted a T25E1 tank into a T26E3 variant to test for various modifications that would go onto the redesigning of the T26E1 into the T26E3. The T25E1 was also tested with various of guns like a 90 mm gun T14. There was also a proposal to mount a [[T5E1 (105 mm)|105 mm T5E1 gun]], but this never passed the concept drawing stages.<ref name="PershingHunnicutt" />

The T26 and T26E1 models, now the main focus of the Ordnance Dept. and Armored Board, had the defects found from field testing fixed by late 1944. This polished variant was designated the ''T26E3''. This tank, with an order of 250 already made since January of 1944, went on into production that November, with 40 tanks delivered by the end of the year. The T26E3, in a bid for further testing, was sent to Europe for combat evaluation on the field against German armour. The T26E3 would provide sterling service against German heavy tanks like the [[Panther G|Panther]] and [[Tiger E|Tiger I]]. The T26E3 tank was then finally accepted and standardized on March 1945 in Army Ground Forces as the [[M26|M26 Pershing]].<ref name="PershingHunnicutt" />

=== In-game description ===
An experimental medium tank built at the Detroit Arsenal Tank Plant in January, 1944. Only two of them were ever built. They were never used in combat. One of the precursors to the M26 medium tank, armed with a 90mm gun and comparable armor.

== Media ==


;Skins


{| class="catlist" frame="box" style="background: #efefef;" align="center"
|[[File:GEN_LIVE_WT_1_HPL.jpg|510px|link=https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=usa&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=medium_tank&vehicle=us_t25|]] ||
|-
|}

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|yHuUGzezChI|'''Best after-party picks''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 2:08 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/devblog/current/814/|[Devblog] T25 Medium Tank and Panzerwerfer 42 Auf.Sf - with developer's answers]]

===References===
<references />

{{USA medium tanks}}

M36 GMC

2020-12-06T10:19:43Z

U93179194: "a"

{{Specs-Card|code=us_m36}}
{{About
| about = American tank destroyer '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage = other uses
|link = M36 Jackson (Family)
}}
== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_M36GMC.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (or the '''M36''', nicknamed the ''Jackson'') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.49 "Weapons of Victory"]]. The M36 is a nice upgrade to the [[M18 GMC]], owning a more powerful gun in the form of the [[M3 (90 mm)|90 mm M3]]. If used correctly, this vehicle can be both a great threat to the enemy, and a very fun experience to its user.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

'''Armour type:'''

*Rolled homogeneous armour
*Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet, Transmission area)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 38.1 mm (56°) ''Front glacis'' 50.8-107.8 (9-63°) ''Transmission housing'' || 19.05 mm (37°) ''Top'' 25.4 mm ''Bottom'' || 19.05 mm (42°) ''Top'' 19.05 (1-45°) ''Bottom'' || 19.5 mm ''Front roof'' 9.5 mm ''Engine deck''
|-
| Turret || 31.75 mm (2-53°) ''Turret front'' 76.2 mm (°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 31.75 mm (0-21°) || 25.4 mm (2-23°) || N/A
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Tracks are 30 mm thick, bogies are 10 mm thick while the wheels are 20 mm thick.
* Small slivers of 5 mm armour hang off the top side hull armour, giving minuscule protections at those areas.
* Track blocks on the side hull armour allows an extra 30 mm of armour at their locations.

Being lightly armoured, the {{PAGENAME}} is very vulnerable to nearby ammorack detonations and bomb blasts.

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 710|rbMinHp= 442}}

Based on the chassis of the M10 GMC, the {{PAGENAME}} has the same all-round mobility: the tank accelerates quickly and is able to reach a maximum speed of 45 km/h in a dozen of seconds. The brakes are powerful and make the {{PAGENAME}} skid rather than slow down when travelling at maximum speed. The violent braking also causes the hull to wobble, making your targeting less accurate. The reverse speed is however poor: it won't get you out of a dangerous situation quickly enough.
Turning doesn't make you lose much speed as your acceleration is fast. While there is no neutral steering, turning on the spot is still easily done as it is a light vehicle: build a little speed before turning to turn even faster.
The offroad mobility is good: the {{PAGENAME}} reaches 20 km/h when fording, 18 km/h when driving uphill with some speed built-up but a mere 10 km/h uphill from a stop start. The tracks are large and grant you a decent mobility on hard (solid ground, roads) and soft terrain (mud, snow, sand). Light and medium obstacles (fences, posts, bushes and small trees) are not a problem but large obstacles will reduce your mobility: avoid them. In short, the {{PAGENAME}} is agile enough to perform its combat role on all types of terrain.

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|M3 (90 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M3 (90 mm)|90 mm M3]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 47 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 21.1 || 29.25 || 35.52 || 39.28 || 41.79 || rowspan="2" | 9.7 || rowspan="2" | 8.63 || rowspan="2" | 7.95 || rowspan="2" | 7.5
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.28 || 16.80 || 20.4 || 22.60 || 24.00
|-
|}
The 90 mm M3 is the same gun available for the Super Hellcat, the T25 or the M26 and stays reliably accurate until 800 m distance. Beyond 1,000 m the loss of accuracy becomes a real handicap. The high muzzle velocity of your shells grants you pretty flat firing trajectories and thus helps fire at moving targets from a distance. In that regard, using the "sight distance control" feature can increase your chances of successfully hitting enemy tanks.

The rotation speed of the gun is better than average compared to other tanks at the same rank or battle rating. Which makes tracking a target from a distance an easy task to perform as your targeting process is fast. Elevation and depression angles of the gun are important, allowing you to fire from unusual positions (behind a ridge, from uphill, etc.). Your reload time is similar to vehicles at the same BR, if not a little longer than average. Your recoil is important but not powerful enough to throw your gun off target after firing. Lacking a stabilizer, the tank can't reliably fire on the move.

==== Ammunition ====
The available ammunition allows for engaging all types of targets:

* '''M77''': AP; a solid shot with an average penetration power and no explosive filler.
* '''M82''': APCBC; a capped armour-piercing shell with a ballistic cap that has a better but still average penetration power and an explosive filler. It will destroy any armoured target it penetrates.
* '''M304''': APCR; a composite round with a very high penetration power but no explosive filler and will only penetrate flat vertical surfaces.
* '''M71''': HE; useful for destroying open and lightly armoured vehicles.
* '''M313''': Smoke; useful to blind enemy vehicles that are too remote for you to disable so that you can progress towards objectives.

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| M77 shot || AP || 162 || 160 || 148 || 135 || 123 || 113
|-
| M82 shot || APCBC || 173 || 170 || 159 || 145 || 133 || 121
|-
| M304 shot || APCR || 287 || 281 || 259 || 234 || 211 || 191
|-
| M71 shell || HE || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| M77 shot || AP || 822 || 10.61 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| M82 shot || APCBC || 813 || 10.94 || 1.2 || 14.0 || 137.2 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| M304 shot || APCR || 1,021 || 7.62 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| M71 shell || HE || 823 || 10.55 || 0.1 || 0.5 || 925 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| M313 || 821 || 10.7 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''47''' || 39 ''(+8)'' || 30 ''(+17)'' || 21 ''(+26)'' || 12 ''(+35)'' || 7 ''(+40)'' || 1 ''(+46)'' || No
|-
|}

Notes:

* Recommended load is 21 ''(+26)'' to remove most ammo from the hull.
* Racks 5 and 6 are ready racks and take priority in being filled as well as depleted.
* Full reload speed will be realized as long as ammo exists in either ready racks. If both ready racks are empty, a penalty to reload speed will occur.
* Simply not firing when the main gun is loaded will load ammo from racks 1 to 4 into 5 then 6, as long as there is ammo present in racks 1 to 4. Firing the main gun will interrupt the loading of the ready racks.

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 1,000 (200) || 576 || -10°/+70° || ±60°
|-
|}
The turret-mounted heavy machine gun has great depression & elevation, posing a big threat to any plane that is flying too close to the {{PAGENAME}}. It can also easily penetrate lightly armoured vehicles and even the sides of some medium tanks.

== Usage in battles ==

Play style with the M36 should be about the same as the [[M10 GMC|M10]]. The speed is slightly better and armour is still just as thin, but it has an improved turret traverse rate and a 90 mm gun, making it able to engage targets much easier. The play style is also similar to the M18, since they have the same concept - speed and maneuverability with a powerful armament.

The greatest advantages of the M36 are its speed and its armament. As such, the best course of action is to make use of the speed to get to good early game positions on the map. The 90 mm gun is powerful at its BR, and it can penetrate many tanks at its BR from the front. But, this is not the case for more heavily armored targets such as those in the IS series or the Panther series, but it can reliably kill every tank at its BR from the side in 1 to 2 shots because of the high explosive filler in the APCBC round. In addition, most enemy tanks can reliably penetrate you from the front, as the M36 does not have thick armor. Your armor can only protect you when a shell hits it at an extreme angle, or against low penetration weapons, such as those one some anti-aircraft vehicles. All of these factors mean that the M36 should never engage enemy tanks from the front, unless they are preoccupied with a friendly vehicle or not looking in your direction, but the M36 should engage enemies from the side. As such, the M36's mobility should be used to get to positions that the enemy would not expect where it will be able to shoot the enemy in the side before they even realize you are there. The M36 can also use its mobility to flank effectively. If an enemy knows your location and has an operational gun, you should not push out into their line of fire, as they are likely to come of better than you. If an enemy is likely to be able to shoot you, do not chance it, as only one shot will often knock out or disable the M36. The rounds you should carry are a mix of M82 APCBC and M304 APCR rounds - which one is in the first slot is up to the driver. The APCBC round is sufficient against the side armor of virtually every target you will face, and can penetrate many enemies from the front. The APCR round is effective against the frontal armor of many enemy tanks. The advantage of the APCBC round is the high explosive filler, which can kill most of the crew in one shot if it penetrates. The APCR round is advantageous against more heavily armored targets, but it has less post penetration damage, and when firing APCR you will need to aim for crew members.

One thing to note: if there is an enemy plane in the vicinity, getting to cover is a priority as the turret is open topped, and a plane can kill all three turret crew in one pass with only low-caliber machine guns.

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Mobility
! Protection
! colspan="2" | Firepower
|-
| I
| Tracks
|
| Parts
| M82 shot
| Horizontal Drive
|-
| II
| Suspension
| Brake System
| FPE
| M304 shot
| Adjustment of Fire
|-
| III
| Filters
|
| Crew Replenishment
| Elevation Mechanism
|
|-
| IV
| Transmission
| Engine
|
| M313
|
|-
|}

# M82 shot (APCBC). This will greatly improve the firepower.
# Parts. So the vehicle can repair.
# FPE, to put out fires in the event the M36 isn't done in by pyrotechnics.
# Adjustment of fire, to improve gun accuracy.
# Elevation Mechanism, to improve gun accuracy.
# Personal discretion from here. M304 shot (APCR), Engine, Horizontal Drive are all good next choices. The engine is probably the best bet if taking into RB, but less important in AB.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Easily achieves its top speed of 42 km/h regardless of the terrain, allowing it to get to most positions in good time
* Excellent firepower with a maximum penetration of 173 mm and 137 g TNT; easily pens and one-shots most opponents like the [[Tiger H1]], [[Panzer IV/70(A)|Pz.IV/70]] and [[T-34-85]], combined with its x5 scope magnification it is a deadly sniper
* APCR with 260+ mm penetration poses a big threat to heavy vehicles like the [[T-44]], [[Ferdinand]], [[Tiger II (H)|Tiger II]] and [[Ho-Ri Production|Ho-Ri]]
* 10° gun depression provides great terrain adaptation.
* Around 16°/sec of turret rotation is adequate to respond to surprise attacks, especially when there are [[M18 (Italy)|M18]]<nowiki/>s around.
* Powerful roof mounted M2 MG can deal with light vehicles (eg. [[M18 (Italy)|M18]], [[FIAT 6614]], [[GAZ-MM (72-K)|GAZ]] trucks) and incoming planes

'''Cons:'''

* Only 5 km/h of reverse speed can get the player killed sometimes
* Weak armour overall, can die from artillery strikes or small bombs
* Open topped, vulnerable to aircraft attacks (eg. [[Hs 129 B-3]])
* Quite big and tall for a tank destroyer- harder to hide

== History ==

===Development===
United State's anti-tank doctrine called for the formation of a tank destroyer force filled with vehicles that are fast and have powerful guns. One of the vehicles designed for this job was the [[M10 GMC|M10 GMC]] carrying the [[M7 (76 mm)|3-inch M7 gun]]. While adequate at the time of its introduction, later in the war it was encountering more heavily armoured German vehicles that could withstand its calibre. Some M10 were up-gunned to the [[M1 (76 mm)|76 mm gun]], but even that was determined to not be enough. The army needed a tank-killing cannon to be placed on its most numerous tank destroyer vehicle to deal with any armoured threat that could possibly come.

The 90mm gun started as the anti-aircraft M1 and M1A1 gun. It wasn't until the M2 model that it earned a dual-purpose role of anti-aircraft and anti-tank in May 1943. Finally, it was decided to mount the mighty gun onto a vehicle, starting with the M10 GMC. The tank mountable variant was called the [[M3 (90 mm)|90 mm M3]] and was tested on the M10 tank destroyer in early 1943. After installing a modified turret onto the M10 body, the vehicle was designated the ''T71 GMC'', it was approved for service and renamed as the '''M36 GMC'''. The nickname ''Jackson'' for the M36 was given in September 1944 by Ordnance Department, however, this nickname never saw use during war documents. The nickname only became well-known to the public in the 1970s, and soon became synonymous to the vehicle. Like its predecessor, it features an open-top turret and exposes the crew to the elements and enemy fire. However, a postwar modification allows a folding armoured roof to protect the crew from rain and shrapnel.

===Combat usage===
The M36 GMC arrived at Europe in September 1944. Though 1,400 were produced during the course of the war, the demand for self-propelled 90 mm guns was so high that 187 [[M4]] were converted with the 90 mm and sent as the ''M36B1''. The 90mm was met with much approval by not only the crew, but other units around the area as the 90 mm could deal with the thick German armour on the Panthers and Tigers. The M36 GMCs were deployed in the Battle of the Bulge along with its other tank destroyer types, where it took out many German tanks with ease due to its high-power cannon and ability to ambush the tanks by the flanks. Humorously, there was an account sometime in March 1945 where a unit of the 635th Tank Destroyer Battalion radioed into their logistic support asking why their newly supplied 90 mm shells were more than a foot too long for their gun chambers. A few forwarding later got the message to a Captain Elmer Gray, who happened to be looking for the misplaced rounds for the new [[T26E1-1|"Super Pershing"]] doing combat tests.<ref name="PershingHunnicutt">Hunnicutt, R.P. ''Pershing: A History of the Medium Tank T20 Series'' U.S.A.: Feist Publications, 1971</ref>

At the end of World War II, The M36 GMC's role in the tank destroyer doctrine became obsolete. Mainly due to increasing prevalence of well-armoured tanks that could do its job more efficiently such as the [[M26|M26 Pershings]] (which also had the 90mm gun), but also the lack of German AFVs at the time of the war and a study on ammo usage indicates that the tank destroyers spent more time supporting infantry with high-explosive shells than killing tanks with armour-piercing, rendering the anti-tank section an unnecessary component in the modernizing armoured forces.

The M36 then served in the Korean War, able to destroy all the Soviet tank designs used by the North Koreans and the Chinese. An addition of a ball-mounted machine gun on the assistant driver's side was done as well. The M36 served well with the South Koreans until American M26 Pershings and [[M46|M46 Pattons]] could be built up as reinforcements. Aside from that, the M36 was exported to many countries and are still in use by some today. Some of the notable post-World War II conflicts the M36 GMCs served in was the First Indochina War, Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, and the Croatian War of Independence of 1991, which proved that the M36 GMCs were still useful to countries half a century after they were introduced.

=== In-game description ===
The SPG is a 90mm M3 cannon installed in an open-topped, rotating turret on the body of the M10 SPG. It was developed as an enhanced carrier for 90mm guns for fighting German heavy tanks, which current American tank models were unable to do successfully.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=usa&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=tank_destroyer&vehicle=us_m36 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<div><ul>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:M36 in battle.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
</ul></div>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|xpXomGvD-pc|'''The Slugger: {{PAGENAME}}''' - ''Virus''|QEQRcuUwrs4|'''{{PAGENAME}} Tank Review''' - ''NUSensei''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[M36 Jackson (Family)]]
* [[M10 (Family)]]

;Vehicles equipped with the same gun

* [[M26 (Family)]], except the experimental variants (E)
* [[T25]]
* [[Super Hellcat]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/devblog/current/772/|[Devblog] Attacker FB.1 and M10 & M36 Slugger]]
* [[wikipedia:M36_tank_destroyer|[Wikipedia] M36 tank destroyer]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/US/M36_Jackson.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> 90mm GMC M36 Jackson]
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=251 <nowiki>[Military Factory]</nowiki> M36 Gun Motor Carriage (Jackson / Slugger)]

===References===
<references />

{{USA tank destroyers}}

M36 GMC

2020-12-06T10:17:33Z

U93179194: Rewritten the last part of the first article, earlier version sounded a bit weird

{{Specs-Card|code=us_m36}}
{{About
| about = American tank destroyer '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage = other uses
|link = M36 Jackson (Family)
}}
== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_M36GMC.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (or the '''M36''', nicknamed the ''Jackson'') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.49 "Weapons of Victory"]]. The M36 is a nice upgrade to the [[M18 GMC]], owning a more powerful gun in the form of the [[M3 (90 mm)|90 mm M3]]. If used correctly, this vehicle can be both a great threat to the enemy, and very fun experience to its user.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

'''Armour type:'''

*Rolled homogeneous armour
*Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet, Transmission area)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 38.1 mm (56°) ''Front glacis'' 50.8-107.8 (9-63°) ''Transmission housing'' || 19.05 mm (37°) ''Top'' 25.4 mm ''Bottom'' || 19.05 mm (42°) ''Top'' 19.05 (1-45°) ''Bottom'' || 19.5 mm ''Front roof'' 9.5 mm ''Engine deck''
|-
| Turret || 31.75 mm (2-53°) ''Turret front'' 76.2 mm (°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 31.75 mm (0-21°) || 25.4 mm (2-23°) || N/A
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Tracks are 30 mm thick, bogies are 10 mm thick while the wheels are 20 mm thick.
* Small slivers of 5 mm armour hang off the top side hull armour, giving minuscule protections at those areas.
* Track blocks on the side hull armour allows an extra 30 mm of armour at their locations.

Being lightly armoured, the {{PAGENAME}} is very vulnerable to nearby ammorack detonations and bomb blasts.

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 710|rbMinHp= 442}}

Based on the chassis of the M10 GMC, the {{PAGENAME}} has the same all-round mobility: the tank accelerates quickly and is able to reach a maximum speed of 45 km/h in a dozen of seconds. The brakes are powerful and make the {{PAGENAME}} skid rather than slow down when travelling at maximum speed. The violent braking also causes the hull to wobble, making your targeting less accurate. The reverse speed is however poor: it won't get you out of a dangerous situation quickly enough.
Turning doesn't make you lose much speed as your acceleration is fast. While there is no neutral steering, turning on the spot is still easily done as it is a light vehicle: build a little speed before turning to turn even faster.
The offroad mobility is good: the {{PAGENAME}} reaches 20 km/h when fording, 18 km/h when driving uphill with some speed built-up but a mere 10 km/h uphill from a stop start. The tracks are large and grant you a decent mobility on hard (solid ground, roads) and soft terrain (mud, snow, sand). Light and medium obstacles (fences, posts, bushes and small trees) are not a problem but large obstacles will reduce your mobility: avoid them. In short, the {{PAGENAME}} is agile enough to perform its combat role on all types of terrain.

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|M3 (90 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M3 (90 mm)|90 mm M3]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 47 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 21.1 || 29.25 || 35.52 || 39.28 || 41.79 || rowspan="2" | 9.7 || rowspan="2" | 8.63 || rowspan="2" | 7.95 || rowspan="2" | 7.5
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.28 || 16.80 || 20.4 || 22.60 || 24.00
|-
|}
The 90 mm M3 is the same gun available for the Super Hellcat, the T25 or the M26 and stays reliably accurate until 800 m distance. Beyond 1,000 m the loss of accuracy becomes a real handicap. The high muzzle velocity of your shells grants you pretty flat firing trajectories and thus helps fire at moving targets from a distance. In that regard, using the "sight distance control" feature can increase your chances of successfully hitting enemy tanks.

The rotation speed of the gun is better than average compared to other tanks at the same rank or battle rating. Which makes tracking a target from a distance an easy task to perform as your targeting process is fast. Elevation and depression angles of the gun are important, allowing you to fire from unusual positions (behind a ridge, from uphill, etc.). Your reload time is similar to vehicles at the same BR, if not a little longer than average. Your recoil is important but not powerful enough to throw your gun off target after firing. Lacking a stabilizer, the tank can't reliably fire on the move.

==== Ammunition ====
The available ammunition allows for engaging all types of targets:

* '''M77''': AP; a solid shot with an average penetration power and no explosive filler.
* '''M82''': APCBC; a capped armour-piercing shell with a ballistic cap that has a better but still average penetration power and an explosive filler. It will destroy any armoured target it penetrates.
* '''M304''': APCR; a composite round with a very high penetration power but no explosive filler and will only penetrate flat vertical surfaces.
* '''M71''': HE; useful for destroying open and lightly armoured vehicles.
* '''M313''': Smoke; useful to blind enemy vehicles that are too remote for you to disable so that you can progress towards objectives.

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| M77 shot || AP || 162 || 160 || 148 || 135 || 123 || 113
|-
| M82 shot || APCBC || 173 || 170 || 159 || 145 || 133 || 121
|-
| M304 shot || APCR || 287 || 281 || 259 || 234 || 211 || 191
|-
| M71 shell || HE || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| M77 shot || AP || 822 || 10.61 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| M82 shot || APCBC || 813 || 10.94 || 1.2 || 14.0 || 137.2 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| M304 shot || APCR || 1,021 || 7.62 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| M71 shell || HE || 823 || 10.55 || 0.1 || 0.5 || 925 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| M313 || 821 || 10.7 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''47''' || 39 ''(+8)'' || 30 ''(+17)'' || 21 ''(+26)'' || 12 ''(+35)'' || 7 ''(+40)'' || 1 ''(+46)'' || No
|-
|}

Notes:

* Recommended load is 21 ''(+26)'' to remove most ammo from the hull.
* Racks 5 and 6 are ready racks and take priority in being filled as well as depleted.
* Full reload speed will be realized as long as ammo exists in either ready racks. If both ready racks are empty, a penalty to reload speed will occur.
* Simply not firing when the main gun is loaded will load ammo from racks 1 to 4 into 5 then 6, as long as there is ammo present in racks 1 to 4. Firing the main gun will interrupt the loading of the ready racks.

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 1,000 (200) || 576 || -10°/+70° || ±60°
|-
|}
The turret-mounted heavy machine gun has great depression & elevation, posing a big threat to any plane that is flying too close to the {{PAGENAME}}. It can also easily penetrate lightly armoured vehicles and even the sides of some medium tanks.

== Usage in battles ==

Play style with the M36 should be about the same as the [[M10 GMC|M10]]. The speed is slightly better and armour is still just as thin, but it has an improved turret traverse rate and a 90 mm gun, making it able to engage targets much easier. The play style is also similar to the M18, since they have the same concept - speed and maneuverability with a powerful armament.

The greatest advantages of the M36 are its speed and its armament. As such, the best course of action is to make use of the speed to get to good early game positions on the map. The 90 mm gun is powerful at its BR, and it can penetrate many tanks at its BR from the front. But, this is not the case for more heavily armored targets such as those in the IS series or the Panther series, but it can reliably kill every tank at its BR from the side in 1 to 2 shots because of the high explosive filler in the APCBC round. In addition, most enemy tanks can reliably penetrate you from the front, as the M36 does not have thick armor. Your armor can only protect you when a shell hits it at an extreme angle, or against low penetration weapons, such as those one some anti-aircraft vehicles. All of these factors mean that the M36 should never engage enemy tanks from the front, unless they are preoccupied with a friendly vehicle or not looking in your direction, but the M36 should engage enemies from the side. As such, the M36's mobility should be used to get to positions that the enemy would not expect where it will be able to shoot the enemy in the side before they even realize you are there. The M36 can also use its mobility to flank effectively. If an enemy knows your location and has an operational gun, you should not push out into their line of fire, as they are likely to come of better than you. If an enemy is likely to be able to shoot you, do not chance it, as only one shot will often knock out or disable the M36. The rounds you should carry are a mix of M82 APCBC and M304 APCR rounds - which one is in the first slot is up to the driver. The APCBC round is sufficient against the side armor of virtually every target you will face, and can penetrate many enemies from the front. The APCR round is effective against the frontal armor of many enemy tanks. The advantage of the APCBC round is the high explosive filler, which can kill most of the crew in one shot if it penetrates. The APCR round is advantageous against more heavily armored targets, but it has less post penetration damage, and when firing APCR you will need to aim for crew members.

One thing to note: if there is an enemy plane in the vicinity, getting to cover is a priority as the turret is open topped, and a plane can kill all three turret crew in one pass with only low-caliber machine guns.

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Mobility
! Protection
! colspan="2" | Firepower
|-
| I
| Tracks
|
| Parts
| M82 shot
| Horizontal Drive
|-
| II
| Suspension
| Brake System
| FPE
| M304 shot
| Adjustment of Fire
|-
| III
| Filters
|
| Crew Replenishment
| Elevation Mechanism
|
|-
| IV
| Transmission
| Engine
|
| M313
|
|-
|}

# M82 shot (APCBC). This will greatly improve the firepower.
# Parts. So the vehicle can repair.
# FPE, to put out fires in the event the M36 isn't done in by pyrotechnics.
# Adjustment of fire, to improve gun accuracy.
# Elevation Mechanism, to improve gun accuracy.
# Personal discretion from here. M304 shot (APCR), Engine, Horizontal Drive are all good next choices. The engine is probably the best bet if taking into RB, but less important in AB.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Easily achieves its top speed of 42 km/h regardless of the terrain, allowing it to get to most positions in good time
* Excellent firepower with a maximum penetration of 173 mm and 137 g TNT; easily pens and one-shots most opponents like the [[Tiger H1]], [[Panzer IV/70(A)|Pz.IV/70]] and [[T-34-85]], combined with its x5 scope magnification it is a deadly sniper
* APCR with 260+ mm penetration poses a big threat to heavy vehicles like the [[T-44]], [[Ferdinand]], [[Tiger II (H)|Tiger II]] and [[Ho-Ri Production|Ho-Ri]]
* 10° gun depression provides great terrain adaptation.
* Around 16°/sec of turret rotation is adequate to respond to surprise attacks, especially when there are [[M18 (Italy)|M18]]<nowiki/>s around.
* Powerful roof mounted M2 MG can deal with light vehicles (eg. [[M18 (Italy)|M18]], [[FIAT 6614]], [[GAZ-MM (72-K)|GAZ]] trucks) and incoming planes

'''Cons:'''

* Only 5 km/h of reverse speed can get the player killed sometimes
* Weak armour overall, can die from artillery strikes or small bombs
* Open topped, vulnerable to aircraft attacks (eg. [[Hs 129 B-3]])
* Quite big and tall for a tank destroyer- harder to hide

== History ==

===Development===
United State's anti-tank doctrine called for the formation of a tank destroyer force filled with vehicles that are fast and have powerful guns. One of the vehicles designed for this job was the [[M10 GMC|M10 GMC]] carrying the [[M7 (76 mm)|3-inch M7 gun]]. While adequate at the time of its introduction, later in the war it was encountering more heavily armoured German vehicles that could withstand its calibre. Some M10 were up-gunned to the [[M1 (76 mm)|76 mm gun]], but even that was determined to not be enough. The army needed a tank-killing cannon to be placed on its most numerous tank destroyer vehicle to deal with any armoured threat that could possibly come.

The 90mm gun started as the anti-aircraft M1 and M1A1 gun. It wasn't until the M2 model that it earned a dual-purpose role of anti-aircraft and anti-tank in May 1943. Finally, it was decided to mount the mighty gun onto a vehicle, starting with the M10 GMC. The tank mountable variant was called the [[M3 (90 mm)|90 mm M3]] and was tested on the M10 tank destroyer in early 1943. After installing a modified turret onto the M10 body, the vehicle was designated the ''T71 GMC'', it was approved for service and renamed as the '''M36 GMC'''. The nickname ''Jackson'' for the M36 was given in September 1944 by Ordnance Department, however, this nickname never saw use during war documents. The nickname only became well-known to the public in the 1970s, and soon became synonymous to the vehicle. Like its predecessor, it features an open-top turret and exposes the crew to the elements and enemy fire. However, a postwar modification allows a folding armoured roof to protect the crew from rain and shrapnel.

===Combat usage===
The M36 GMC arrived at Europe in September 1944. Though 1,400 were produced during the course of the war, the demand for self-propelled 90 mm guns was so high that 187 [[M4]] were converted with the 90 mm and sent as the ''M36B1''. The 90mm was met with much approval by not only the crew, but other units around the area as the 90 mm could deal with the thick German armour on the Panthers and Tigers. The M36 GMCs were deployed in the Battle of the Bulge along with its other tank destroyer types, where it took out many German tanks with ease due to its high-power cannon and ability to ambush the tanks by the flanks. Humorously, there was an account sometime in March 1945 where a unit of the 635th Tank Destroyer Battalion radioed into their logistic support asking why their newly supplied 90 mm shells were more than a foot too long for their gun chambers. A few forwarding later got the message to a Captain Elmer Gray, who happened to be looking for the misplaced rounds for the new [[T26E1-1|"Super Pershing"]] doing combat tests.<ref name="PershingHunnicutt">Hunnicutt, R.P. ''Pershing: A History of the Medium Tank T20 Series'' U.S.A.: Feist Publications, 1971</ref>

At the end of World War II, The M36 GMC's role in the tank destroyer doctrine became obsolete. Mainly due to increasing prevalence of well-armoured tanks that could do its job more efficiently such as the [[M26|M26 Pershings]] (which also had the 90mm gun), but also the lack of German AFVs at the time of the war and a study on ammo usage indicates that the tank destroyers spent more time supporting infantry with high-explosive shells than killing tanks with armour-piercing, rendering the anti-tank section an unnecessary component in the modernizing armoured forces.

The M36 then served in the Korean War, able to destroy all the Soviet tank designs used by the North Koreans and the Chinese. An addition of a ball-mounted machine gun on the assistant driver's side was done as well. The M36 served well with the South Koreans until American M26 Pershings and [[M46|M46 Pattons]] could be built up as reinforcements. Aside from that, the M36 was exported to many countries and are still in use by some today. Some of the notable post-World War II conflicts the M36 GMCs served in was the First Indochina War, Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, and the Croatian War of Independence of 1991, which proved that the M36 GMCs were still useful to countries half a century after they were introduced.

=== In-game description ===
The SPG is a 90mm M3 cannon installed in an open-topped, rotating turret on the body of the M10 SPG. It was developed as an enhanced carrier for 90mm guns for fighting German heavy tanks, which current American tank models were unable to do successfully.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=usa&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=tank_destroyer&vehicle=us_m36 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<div><ul>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:M36 in battle.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
</ul></div>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|xpXomGvD-pc|'''The Slugger: {{PAGENAME}}''' - ''Virus''|QEQRcuUwrs4|'''{{PAGENAME}} Tank Review''' - ''NUSensei''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[M36 Jackson (Family)]]
* [[M10 (Family)]]

;Vehicles equipped with the same gun

* [[M26 (Family)]], except the experimental variants (E)
* [[T25]]
* [[Super Hellcat]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/devblog/current/772/|[Devblog] Attacker FB.1 and M10 & M36 Slugger]]
* [[wikipedia:M36_tank_destroyer|[Wikipedia] M36 tank destroyer]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/US/M36_Jackson.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> 90mm GMC M36 Jackson]
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=251 <nowiki>[Military Factory]</nowiki> M36 Gun Motor Carriage (Jackson / Slugger)]

===References===
<references />

{{USA tank destroyers}}

M56

2020-12-04T15:46:47Z

U93179194: accuracy pro

{{Specs-Card|code=us_m56_scorpion}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.63 "Desert Hunters"]].

Though one of the lightest tank destroyers in the game, its 90 mm gun gives it a very powerful punch, especially when using the HEATFS round, which can penetrate up to 320 mm of armour.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

Fitting the definition of a glass cannon, the M56 has virtually no armour to speak of, as the majority of the tank comprises structural steel not meant to protect the crew and has a weak armour modifier (x0.45 KE), which renders it near useless in protecting internal components from incoming fire of any calibre, with the exception of high-angle impacts from rifle-calibre rounds. This description also applies to the only armour plate found on the entire tank, the gun shield, as the 5 mm thick plate with 12 mm of bullet-proof glass will only be able to stop rifle-calibre bullets from mid to long ranges.

The crew consists of only 3 members: a driver on the left side of the gun breech, the gunner on the right side of the gun breech, and the commander sitting rather casually behind the driver. If the tank is spotted and takes fire, expect the commander to be the first crew member down, since he is the most exposed among the three, sitting far away and above the gun shield. This will also impact your reload rate.

Overall, survivability is very low and it is advised to take precautions not to take any fire from the opposition, making use of terrain and mobility when the battle gets heated.

'''Armour type:'''

* Structural steel
* Rolled homogeneous armour (Gun shield)
* Bulletproof glass

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 15 mm (59-79°) ''Front glacis'' 15 + 10 mm (29-65°) ''Lower glacis'' 10 mm ''Engine cover'' || 15 mm || 15 mm (1-70°) || 10 mm
|-
| Gun Shield || 5 mm (17°) ''Shield'' 12 mm (17°) ''Bulletproof Glass'' || N/A || N/A || N/A
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Wheel thickness is 10 mm, sprocket and idler wheel are 20 mm thick, and tracks are 15 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=284|rbMinHp=177}}

Where the M56 lacks in armour, it easily makes up for in mobility. Its light weight and decently powered engine gives it a great power-to-weight ratio that lets it propel to top speed easily, even when stock. You'll want to use this to gain access to favourable positions at the beginning of each match. When your position is compromised, seek a retreat using its excellent reverse speed of -20 km/h and plan ahead your next route.

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|M54 (90 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M54 (90 mm)|90 mm M54]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 29 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+15° || rowspan="2" | -30°/+15° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 5.3 || 7.3 || 8.9 || 9.8 || 10.5 || rowspan="2" | 9.75 || rowspan="2" | 8.63 || rowspan="2" | 7.95 || rowspan="2" | 7.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 3.6 || 4.2 || 5.1 || 5.6 || 6.0
|-
|}

[[File:M56 horizontal gun displacement.png|right|thumbnail|Gun horizontal displacement of the M56|200px]]
The 90mm M54 is the M41 gun available the [[M48A1]] but equipped with a recoil system. Which is why they have the same available ammunition choice. Its accuracy drop is noticeable as soon as 800m distance and a handicap over 1000m unless you fire at huge targets (Ferdinand, Jadgtiger, Tiger II, etc.). Some stabilized ammunition, such as HEAT-FS, do not suffer as much from the accuracy drop over distance.

The rotation speed of the gun is very slow compared to other tanks at the same rank or battle rating who can aim their gun in average 2 to 3 times faster than you do. Which means your targeting process will be long if you aim to be accurate. Also, any movement of your hull will make you restart your targeting process from 0, which limits greatly your possibility to overextend, even after a successful first disabling shot.

Additionally to having a limited gun rotation on the horizontal axis, that displacement is asymmetrical due to the driver position limiting movement to the right side. This can make the tracking of a target difficult as the gun quickly reaches a stop. You should take that constraint into account when positioning your hull at a firing spot.

Your recoil also is a handicapping feature: your hull being very light, it can not absorb much of the recoil power (even with the huge damping cylinders on the gun). Every shot taken throws your gun off target after firing, forcing to restart your targeting process or even reposition your hull. Using the "sight distance control" feature can help mitigate that aspect but any movement of the mouse during the recoil phase will nullify the sight setting.

==== Ammunition ====
The M54 cannon has 5 great flavours of destruction to choose from: APCR rounds, APCBC rounds, HEAT-FS rounds, HESH shells, and HE shells.

The '''M332 APCR''' shells are the basic rounds that you'll utilize when you first play your tank. Like any other APCR shell, with knowledge of the opposition's internal components such as gunner/driver locations and ammo racks, it is very useful against heavy foes with low-angle slopes in their armour profile. But, it is very lacking in post-penetration damage. Though they are free to use, players may find the lack of post-penetration damage unfavourable, especially for a glass cannon who can't risk staying exposed for very long trying to pick apart an armoured foe.

The '''M82 APCBC''' shells are probably the first shells you'll unlock and will provide some relief if you've grown tired of the APCR's low post-pen damage. Like any other APHE, they possess good penetration at close to mid range with exceptional post-penetration damage for dealing with moderately armoured targets like many of the medium tanks you'll encounter at your battle rating. As soon as you unlock these, start carrying these as your standard round against most tanks while carrying a few of the above APCR for heavier foes, at least until you unlock the HEAT-FS round.

The '''M431 HEAT-FS''' should be '''the''' round you want to rely on to take care of most armoured foes you come across. Combining the best muzzle velocity, the greatest penetration, especially at long range, and decent post-penetration damage makes this the superior round to use in any mid-to-long range engagement. At close range or in ambush situations, with this shell being your loaded round, you will most likely cripple any target you may encounter. It may then be best to switch to APCBC or HESH (depending on the vehicle type) as a follow up to finish off the surviving target, unless the target still presents itself to be very armoured from your angle of fire (like the [[Maus]] or most heavies from the front). Especially so if you're conscious about your ammo bill after the battle as HEAT-FS are not the cheapest option.

The '''T142E3 HESH''' are an advanced high-explosive round that's capable of penetrating thick armour, even when it is highly-sloped. If you know your target possesses not a single plate of armour greater than 100mm, then these are the rounds to use to wreck them at any range, as these are equally effective against a valid target, including many medium tanks, any light tank and SPAA, and even some heavy tanks that rely on angles rather then raw thickness like an [[IS-3]] or [[AMX-50 Surbaisse]]. Just be sure to aim away from the tracks and suspension, as these modules can easily absorb any damage caused by HESH.

The '''M71 HE''' are just like your typical medium-calibre HE round, good against unarmoured targets like exposed crew members, hull-breakable vehicles, and air targets (should you be able to hit them), but not very useful outside of that. Though this is a free round with slightly better velocity (making it easier to use at long range), favour HESH instead when you can as it carries nearly as much of a payload and has increased versatility against more targets.

One last ammo type to mention are the '''M313 Smoke''' shells. While not particularly useful for the role the M56 typically fills, they can still have good effect in long-range conflicts where a smoke to the face of an experienced enemy sniper can buy you or your allies time to bypass them in favour of a retreat or advancement towards the objective.

Overall, with all shells unlocked where you'll be employing mid to close range tactics, the typical recommended ammo composition can look something like this: 12 HEAT-FS, 4 APCBC, 5 HESH. For long-range engagements where you'll be playing more of a sniper role, it's best to forgo the APCBC in favour of bringing as much HEAT-FS as you can while throwing in a couple of smokes, though the smokes are optional. With this the recommended ammo composition for long-range engagements will look more like this: 20 HEAT-FS, 7 HESH, 2 Smokes.

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| M332 shot || APCR || 291 || 286 || 264 || 240 || 217 || 197
|-
| T142E3 || HESH || 102 || 102 || 102 || 102 || 102 || 102
|-
| M82 shot || APCBC || 185 || 182 || 170 || 155 || 142 || 130
|-
| M431 shell || HEATFS || 320 || 320 || 320 || 320 || 320 || 320
|-
| M71 shell || HE || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| M332 shot || APCR || 1,165 || 5.7 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| T142E3 || HESH || 792 || 10.6 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 3,050 || 73° || 77° || 80°
|-
| M82 shot || APCBC || 853 || 10.94 || 1.2 || 14 || 137.2 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| M431 shell || HEATFS || 1,216 || 5.8 || 0 || 0.1 || 712.64 || 65° || 72° || 77°
|-
| M71 shell || HE || 823 || 10.55 || 0 || 0.1 || 925 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| M313 || 821 || 10.7 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''29''' || 20 ''(+9)'' || 11 ''(+18)'' || 1 ''(+28)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* The ammo racks on the M56 are 3 staggered rows of 10 (top), 9 (middle) and 10 (bottom) totaling 29 shells.
* The first rack to be depleted is the top row, then the middle row and finally the bottom row.
* To go into battle at full capacity, pack 29 shells (bottom row: 10 + middle row: 9 + top row: 10, with 1 shell in the breech taken from the top row).
* To go into battle with the first rack depleted, pack 20 shells (bottom row: 10 + middle row: 9 + 1 shell in the breech).
* To go into battle with the first and second racks depleted, pack 11 shells (bottom row: 10 + 1 shell in the breech).
* To go into battle with the 3 racks depleted, pack 1 shell (1 shell in the breech).
* Recommended ammo load is 20. Carry a full load of 29 rounds only for large open maps like [[Kursk (Ground Forces)|Kursk]], [[Fulda (Ground Forces)|Fulda Gap]] and [[Maginot Line (Ground Forces)|Maginot Line]].

== Usage in battles ==

The M56 Scorpion is a fast, light tank destroyer with very little armour to speak of.

A rapid volley from an enemy machine gun will knockout the three crew members with ease, if not carefully concealed. Its 90 mm M54 cannon is very able to disable enemy tanks at Rank IV. It is able to perform various destruction missions utilising various tactics. An M56 Scorpion is a dedicated airborne tank destroyer with airborne vehicle-based performance. The scorpion has a very stable and fast rate of acceleration on any terrain with a top speed of up to 28 MPH (45 km/h). With its high speed, it is very tempting to charge towards the capture point. When in a situation where a single enemy tank is present, unprotected, uncovered and separated from the opposing team. A rampaging Scorpion will be able to close in, then blow it up to kingdom come. However, caution must be undertaken throughout.

Be wary that any tank, even if only armed with a machine gun, is capable of knocking out the M56 due to the exposed crew. One particular enemy to keep an eye out for is the [[ASU-85]]. It's a complete Soviet equivalent of the Scorpion. Its stock BR-372 APCBC-HE is hopeless against a Scorpion since it will always overpenetrate it & be unable to explode inside its engine or gun breech. Meanwhile the M82 APCBC-HE has the opposite effect against it, as the ASU-85 has 45 mm armour just like the [[T-34-85]], which was a big mistake. Even with inferior penetration, an M82 still has 1.5x more explosive warhead. Given enough penetration, it will always be able to cause it to explode frontally without much effort. Take a grain of salt when firing at the ASU-85 from its flank, since the M82 will also overpenetrate away. Loading the M71 HE is much better, since the explosion will spam the ASU-85's interior all over the place. Or if already loaded with M82 & an ASU-85 is approaching while showing its flank, aim for the engine to prevent it from recovering & escaping. Then blast it away.

===Game modes===
While the Arcade Battle environment is not favourable due to the marker system easily spotting the M56, it can still perform in flank and surprise attacks if employed properly. It still can snipe from far away & make score against some targets when the M431 HEATFS is unlocked. Be aware that many light tanks can hunt it down if caught in firing range, particularly the [[M41A1|M41A1 Bulldog]] and [[T92]].

The battle environment is more favourable in Realistic and Simulator Battles. It can completely perform full flanking manoeuvres even when stock, it can also snipe from far-distance without getting spotted easily. Using both tactics will guarantee a complete concealment from the enemy, while being able to launch '''M82 APCBC-HE''' at them with just a couple of shots. Closing in to the enemy is only viable if the enemy number has been completely depleted and/or are unable to insert reinforcements to cover their team.

Closing in, the Scorpion can out manoeuvre and outflank most, if not all enemy vehicles at its BR. When it is unable to flank due to tight enemy formation across the map, sniping is the best option.

It is recommended to Load: '''M431 HEATFS''' or '''M82''' if the enemy armour is insufficient to withstand such rounds. I.e. [[T-34-100]]). The reload time can help it to outgun any opposition, to withstand its sustained rate of fire. Especially if it is equipped with an Ace crew, which can reload around of 7 seconds. Also, try to use an ambush tactic. It can annihilate a whole team if used by a skilled player.

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Mobility
! Protection
! colspan="3" | Firepower
|-
| I
| Tracks
|
| Parts
| Horizontal Drive
| M82 shot
|
|-
| II
| Suspension
| Brake System
| FPE
| Adjustment of Fire
| Airstrike
| T142E3
|-
| III
| Filters
|
| Crew Replenishment
| Elevation Mechanism
| M431 shell
|
|-
| IV
| Transmission
| Engine
|
| Improved optics
| M313
|
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very small profile (68% visibility)
* Excellent mobility & manoeuvrability on all terrain (45 km/h top speed & great acceleration, 20 km/h reverse speed)
* A practically airworthy vehicle- ''very'', ''very'' light (7 tons)
* The same 90 mm gun and ammunition selection as the [[M48A1|M48A1 Patton]]
* Heavy recoil when fired from a hill will sometimes save the vehicle from enemy fire, '''explosive push'''
* Considering its recoil, the gun is surprisingly accurate, even when stock
* Very quick sustained reload time
* 3 varieties of very capable shells
* APCR as stock shell; big penetration bonus from the start, also free
* Destructive APCBC-HE; can bake a tank's interior through side shot
* HEATFS can easily punch 320 mm of armour

'''Cons:'''

* No armour, vulnerable to strafing attacks from planes
* Completely exposed crew from all angles
* Easily tipped over because of its weight
* A shot through the bulletproof glass will knock-out 2 crew members and instantly disable the vehicle
* Top speed is limited at 45 km/h. While boasting excellent acceleration, it will be outrun by other light vehicles on open field
* Heavy recoil will make the vehicle jump back about 5 feet, forcing a realignment of the sight
** Make sure your firing platform is steady enough and has space for you to recover after firing
* High chance to catch fire when shot in the frontal hull
* Hopeless if its engine is destroyed
* APCR as stock shell; unable to cripple a tank even from flank with only a shot
* HEATFS are expensive (640 SL, per round)
* Gun has very slow traverse and elevation, meaning that it takes a while to readjust after taking a shot
* Affected by the Hull Break mechanic (Large HE shells will destroy the M56 in 1 shot)
* Does not climb hills well unless approached with good speed

== History ==

===Development===
During World War II, the constant problem for the US Airborne divisions is that their anti-tank power was very minimal in the front lines. Though there were attempts to improve their firepower with towed anti-tank guns or airborne tanks like the [[M22|M22 ''Locust'']], the former proved too cumbersome and heavy while the latter proved too under-powered and weak. Thus, development began in April 1949 for a very lightly armoured vehicle to mount a hard-hitting gun with heavy emphasis on firepower, speed, and with as little weight as possible. This evolved into the development of a self-propelled 90 mm gun and the project was taken up by the Cadillac Motor Division of General Motors. The pilot vehicle developed were designated ''T101''.<ref name="ZalogaM551">Zaloga Steven. ''M551 Sheridan: US Airmobile Tanks 1941-2001'' Great Britain: Osprey Publishing Ltd., 2009</ref>

The first models were completed in 1953 and were tested in 1955. It was approved for service in 1958 and designated as the '''M56 90mm self-propelled gun''', or by its nickname '''"Scorpion"''' and its acronym '''SPAT''' ('''S'''elf-'''P'''ropelled '''A'''nti-'''T'''ank). It's main selling point was being light enough at only 7 tons to be lifted by helicopter or carried onto aircraft, allowing for parachute drops. As a rather specialized vehicle, it wasn't produced in large numbers, with only 150 units built from the Cadillac production line from 1953 to 1959.<ref name="ZalogaM551" />

===Usage===
The M56 Scorpion was issued out to airborne and anti-tank units from 1958 to the early 1960s. As a defensive weapon, the M56 Scorpion was never meant to venture out to seek and destroy enemy tanks, but its lack of armour was still criticized by its crew, what with only a simple gun shield blocking the crew from getting shot by even small arms. The lightness of the vehicle was also bad for the extreme recoil of the 90 mm M54 gun, which would lift the entire vehicle off its front wheels.<ref name="ZalogaM551">Zaloga Steven. ''M551 Sheridan: US Airmobile Tanks 1941-2001'' Great Britain: Osprey Publishing Ltd., 2009</ref> An informal manual even recommends that when firing, the commander and loader should step off the vehicle to avoid being harmed by the lurching vehicle. The M56 Scorpion served America in combat during the Vietnam War in the 173rd Airborne Brigade, with 17 vehicles organized into three platoons. It served as a defensive role in most of American foreign bases until the advent of the anti-tank missile launchers such as the TOW, which proved more potent than the Scorpion, and was replaced in the late 1960s and early 70s.<ref name="ZalogaM551" />

The M56 Scorpions were also given out in limited numbers, with Morocco given 87 vehicles and Spain obtaining 5 in the Military Aid Program. Morocco used the Scorpions in the Western Sahara War, being the only foreign user of the M56 Scorpions.

===Survivors===
At least 18 intact M56 Scorpions survive in the United States today, mainly in museums and in private collections.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=usa&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=tank_destroyer&vehicle=us_m56_scorpion Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|KqLoa0NIpzE|'''The Shooting Range #178''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:32 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|YuBjyMQLRy0|'''Airmobile tanks''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 5:46 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:M56_Scorpion|[Wikipedia] M56 Scorpion]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/coldwar/US/m56-scorpion-spat.php Tank Encyclopedia - M56 Scorpion]

===References===
<references />

{{USA tank destroyers}}

M4A3E2

2020-12-02T15:41:04Z

U93179194: correct AB upgraded horsepower

{{Specs-Card|code=us_m4a3e2_sherman_jumbo}}
{{About
| about = American heavy tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = other M4 Shermans
| link-1 = M4 Sherman (Family)
| usage-2 = other uses
| link-2 = M4 (Disambiguation)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_M4A3E2Jumbo.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American heavy tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was one of the first American tanks to be released with the American ground tree in [[Update 1.45 "Steel Generals"]]. It is built off a standard M4A3 chassis, with a T23 turret with a 75 mm gun, and up-armoured on nearly all sides. This gives the M4A3E2 boasts nearly 100 mm of frontal armour sloped at 47°, giving it a massive armour upgrade from the regular M4 Shermans. As a side note, the nickname "Jumbo" was likely never used during WWII, as there is no record of it. However, its use both on the Wiki and in-game is still prevalent.

The M4A3E2 looks like a normal Sherman medium tank, but it is still a very heavy tank and is used as a breakthrough tank to attack fortified enemy positions. It is certainly not a medium tank like normal Shermans. It is a great tank when fighting Tigers as the 88mm cannons cannot penetrate the armour of the M4A3E2 from its sides when angled efficiently. As such it allows players to get close to Tigers and attack them from the sides, or force them to retreat. When fighting Panthers the M4A3E2 is less effective as the 75mm cannon on the Panther can penetrate the armour of the Jumbo Sherman from the front even when angled more than 30 degrees at 500 meters. Only at close range can high-velocity guns, such as Soviet 85mm or German 88mm guns, penetrate the frontal glacis. However, larger calibres, such as the Soviet 122mm gun, will slice right through the armour.

It takes on the general look of an [[M4A2|M4A2]] but is much more armoured (and also uses a Ford gasoline engine). The M4A3E2 features the double layered front armour giving the vehicle its distinctive 101.6 mm total front armour, giving its boast of being better armoured than the [[Tiger H1|Tiger I]]. The transmission housing is also considerably beefier too from the addition of armour at the area as well. The front of the T23-style turret is also distinctive with the very blocky gun mantlet and circular barrel shroud around the rather underwhelming 75 mm gun barrel.

The sides and suspension look like the usual game with the M4 Sherman series, but with minor differences. The flat side armour of the hull, instead of 38.1 mm thick, is now 76.2 mm thick for much stronger side protection. However, the lower side hull around the bogie suspension area is still only 38.1 mm thick, vulnerable to most regular anti-tank weapons. Another minor difference is the tracks, the T48 rubber chevron tracks are equipped with extended end connectors in an effort to improve ground pressure performance for the additional weight of the armour.

However, the rear does not have any extra armour and is much thinner. The roof of the tank is very thinly armoured as well, only having 19.5 mm on the hull and 25.4 mm on the turret, so beware as artillery barrages tend to set engine compartment modules on fire.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

'''Armour type:'''

*Rolled homogeneous armour (Front, Side, Rear, Roof)
*Cast homogeneous armour (Turret, Transmission area)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 63.5 + 38.1 mm (47°) ''Front glacis'' 114.3-139.7 mm (7-66°) ''Transmission housing'' || 76.2 mm ''Top'' 38.1 mm ''Bottom'' || 38.1 mm (10°) ''Top'' 38.1 mm (7-24°) ''Bottom'' || 19.5 mm
|-
| Turret || 152.4 mm (0-52°) ''Turret front'' 177.8 mm (4-60°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 152.4 mm (4-42°) || 152.4 mm (0-79°) || 63.5 mm ''Front'' 25.4 mm
|-
! Armour !! Sides !! Roof
|-
| Cupola || 51 mm || 25.4 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick, the bogies are 10 mm thick, and tracks are 17 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 25.4 mm thick.
* Hull underside right above the tracks are 9.5 mm thick.
* Gun breech is 300 mm thick in structural steel.

The M4A3E2 Jumbo presents very little frontal weak spots in an engagement. It is best to try and force the Jumbo to try and angle his vehicle towards the player or his allies. An angle more than 30 degrees can expose the much weaker lower side hull armour in the suspension that is only 38.1 mm thick. With a powerful enough gun, a round can penetrate this area and damage the crew, or even set off the ammunition all cluttered up on the bottom of the tank.

If a frontal engagement is unavoidable and is unfortunately armed with guns unable to penetrate through the front glacis, there are only two areas that are viable. First is the machine gun port, which is one of the areas that is not layered with the extra 38.1 mm added on top of the base armour. Guns like the Panzer IV 75 mm KwK 40 guns that are unable to cleave through the front glacis can push their luck in this area, with small "sweet spots" that the round can pass through. Another way to attack the M4A3E2 in this scenario is exploiting a shot-trap in the gun mantlet. The small corner flaps on the bottom corners of the gun mantlet have a tendency to deflect rounds downwards onto the 19.5 mm hull roof armour. While this will be left to the ricochet chances, it is still possible and can be used if no other scenarios are favourable.

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=646|rbMinHp=442|AoAweight=|abMaxHp=795}}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|M3 (75 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M3 (75 mm)|75 mm M3]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 104 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+25° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Vertical || 19.42 || 26.88 || 32.64 || 36.10 || 38.40 || rowspan="2" | 6.50 || rowspan="2" | 5.75 || rowspan="2" | 5.30 || rowspan="2" | 5.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.28 || 16.80 || 20.40 || 22.56 || 24.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| M72 shot || AP || 91 || 88 || 78 || 67 || 57 || 49
|-
| M48 shell || HE || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10
|-
| M61 shot || APCBC || 104 || 101 || 90 || 78 || 68 || 59
|-
| T45 shot || APCR || 139 || 135 || 121 || 105 || 91 || 79
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| M72 shot || AP || 619 || 6.3 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| M48 shell || HE || 463 || 6.3 || 0.4 || 0.5 || 666 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| M61 shot || APCBC || 618 || 6.79 || 1.2 || 14 || 63.7 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| T45 shot || APCR || 868 || 3.81 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| M89 || 259 || 3 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_M4A3E2Jumbo.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''104''' || 101 ''(+3)'' || 51 ''(+53)'' || 1 ''(+103)'' || No
|-
|}

Turret empty: 101 ''(+3)''

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 600 (200) || 577 || -10°/+30° || ±60°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,000 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The M4A3E2 is best in assaulting enemy positions with allies. Its great mobility for a heavy tank, especially with its armour, makes it a vehicle able to charge into battle and take anything head-on with confidence. It can act as a bullet magnet against enemy tanks more worried about the M4A3E2, diverting fire that would've gone to more vulnerable teammates. Though the 75mm gun's AP performance is not suited to the type of enemies expected at the BR, it can still harass enemies and the gun is lethal enough that enemies will be forced to show their front armour towards the Jumbo else a 75 mm penetrates their side armour. Their focus on the Jumbo can allow allies to move around and eliminate them. During all this, take care not to over-angle and show the lower side armour too much as this will allow vehicles to penetrate through down there and damage modules, even the ammunition storage if they are lucky.

Another role the M4A3E2 is good it is as a flanker. Due to its great mobility as a heavy tank, the M4A3E2 Jumbo can manoeuvre like a medium tank around the battlefield. This is also beneficial to the 75 mm gun as it would permit the M4A3E2 a chance to attack the weaker side armours of enemy vehicles. Once flanking around and finding a prime position in a firing angle right into an enemy chokepoint, minimize exposure to anything but the front armour and the M4A3E2 can remain a formidable obstacle to all opponents. Take care not to be outflanked by enemy players aware of the M4A3E2 position.

Due to the M4A3E2 Jumbo having a slightly higher battle-rating than the other M4 Shermans, it can face tanks such as the [[Panther D]] and [[Tiger_H1|Tiger H1]], meaning its 75 mm cannon starts becoming less effective. For this reason, it is advisable to take the T45 APCR ammo into battle once unlocked, at least enough to take on the armoured targets the Jumbo will face.

The Soviet 85 mm can be a threat, so caution is advised when going up against tanks armed with the 85 mm, such as the [[T-34-85]], [[SU-85]], and [[IS-1]]. The [[Jagdpanzer 38(t)]] and [[Jagdpanzer IV]] can be tricky when facing off against them. Their frontal armour is too thick and sloped for the 75 mm M3 gun to have any effect on it. For these two targets, it is advised to target their tracks and transmission and then flank for a side shot, where the armour is much weaker. Also, the [[Dicker Max]] wields a 105 mm that can penetrate the front plate of the M4A3E2 Jumbo, so caution is advised against those as well. The 2 last common threats from the German tree are the [[Panzer IV/70(A)]] and [[Panzer IV/70(V)]]. The same advice can be taken from the Jagdpanzer 38(t) and Jagdpanzer IV but also considering that these tank destroyers can penetrate your frontal hull and turret under 500m. The [[SU-152]] and [[ISU-152]] with the stock APHE round can sometimes penetrate your frontal plate, however, special caution should be paid to the ISU-152. From the front, the 75mm gun will struggle to penetrate the armour of the ISU-152 but an ISU-152 using the HEAT shell can easily penetrate anywhere in the front hull and turret. The best tactic to countering the ISU-152 is to attempt to flank it as the side armour is only 75 mm thick. If flanking it is not possible, aim for the barrel, as it will reduce the accuracy of the ISU-152's main gun, and many ISU-152 players will not shoot the main gun if the barrel is damaged. Remember to wait for the ISU-152 to shoot before engaging it, as the reload time of the ISU-152 is very long. Finally, there is one more common opponent from the Soviet/Chinese tree: [[IS-2 (Family)|IS-2]]. Its 122 mm gun can easily penetrate the Jumbo, regardless of angle and distance. To destroy it, shoot at it when it's reloading or is unaware of your presence. For the 1943 model, aim at the cupola or the curved part of its hull armour that blends into the side. It has only 4 crew so killing all the turret crew (3, which is easy) will destroy it. For the [[IS-2 (1944)|1944 model]], only aim at the turret or the cupola as its hull is very strong.

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Mobility
! Protection
! colspan="2" | Firepower
|-
| I
| Tracks
|
| Parts
| Horizontal Drive
|
|-
| II
| Suspension
| Brake System
| FPE
| Adjustment of Fire
| M61 shot
|-
| III
| Filters
|
| Crew Replenishment
| Elevation Mechanism
| T45 shot
|-
| IV
| Transmission
| Engine
|
| M89
|
|-
|}

In Tier I, ''Parts'' should, of course, be the prioritized module for field repairs. This will unlock Tier II modifications and grant access to the very vital ''FPE'' and ''M61 shot'', the former for preservation against fires and the latter to improve damage in the battlefield.

Then in Tier III, ''Crew Replenishment'' should be obtained for crew survival improvement and the APCR ''T45 shot'' for improved armour-piercing power. After that, everything else could be done at one's own priorities, but ''Engine'' should be invested for better automotive performances and ''M89'' for the smoke capabilities.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent 75 mm gun with APCR rounds
* High rate of fire for the main gun
* Excellent gun depression
* Very strong turret armour from all sides, very good at hull down position
* Very good at leading a spearhead towards a capture point where it can provide cover to weaker allied tanks with more powerful guns
* Excellent frontal armour, about 101 mm thick
* Excellent all around turret armour, average 152 mm thick
* Can absorb a lot of damage
* Better mobility than the Russian KV-1 and the British Churchill
* Equipped with gun stabilizer, making it more accurate at moving and when preparing a shot after moving
* Good acceleration
* Incredibly tough when angled
* Wide tracks enable it to have decent off-road mobility, unlike other previous Sherman models
* Learning curve from previous Sherman variant will help a lot at mastering this tank

'''Cons:'''

* [[M3 (75 mm)|75 mm gun]] lacks penetration against [[:Category:Heavy tanks|heavy tanks]]
* It needs allies support to be effective in battle as it cannot deal serious damage on its own
* Armour weak spot above the gun-mantlet (63.5 mm @ 60°)
* Small bottom corners on M4A3E2 gun mantlet can serve as shot traps
* Side armour better than normal, but still weak (76.2 mm), but the lower side hull armour is even worse (38.1 mm)
* Very thin rear armour
* Inability to compound angle greatly due to very weak lower side hull armour that would be penetrated
* Tall profile makes it a bigger target
* Bad off-road manoeuvrability
* Low top speed of 35 km/h
* Reverse speed is bad
* Hull MG is a weak spot
* Due to the layered armour at the front and the armour over-matching mechanic, the upper glacis armour can be dubious in that it does not reliably ricochet shells, particularly those from large calibre guns like the T-34-85

== History ==

===Development===
Even before the invasion of Normandy, the Allied commanders had to figure out a method in order to breach heavily-defended fortification lines such as the Siegfried Line blocking the path from France to Germany. One of the solutions was for the implementation of "assault tanks" to enter enemy territory and root out the enemy fortifications. The initial plan was for the production of the [[M26|M26 Pershing]] tanks to fulfil this role, but setbacks in its development caused the M26 deployment to be delayed until 1945. A quick solution must be made to fill this "assault tank" role for the invasion of Europe in 1944.

The US ordinance then took their abundant [[M4|M4 Shermans]] in stock and fixed them up for the new role they've been assigned in. Although keeping the same engine, the armour was upped from around 76.2 mm initial thickness to 102 mm and angled at 47 degrees from vertical. This angle would influence later Sherman design such as the M4A3 by changing the original 56 degrees angled glacis with protruding crew hatches to 47 degrees angled glacis without any protrusion from the crew hatches. This modified M4 Sherman's armour when angled would then be 150 mm line-of-sight (LOS) thick and 180 mm effective. The side armour is also increased to 76.2 mm thick and the turret is redesigned to provide more protection. These modified Shermans were designated the '''M4A3E2''' by the Ordnance Department, whereas the nickname "Jumbo" was likely a post-war invention. At the end of the modifications, the Sherman "Jumbo" now weighed about 42 tons and moves a lower speed of 22 miles per hour. A drawback to the increased weight of the Sherman is that the Vertical Volute Suspension System (VVSS) from the Sherman was unable to take the weight easily, so extra care was taken by the crew members to not break the suspension.

In March of 1944, the US Army ordered for 254 of these vehicles to be delivered for use for European Operations. Intended for the assault on the Normandy Beachhead, it was deployed in Normandy after D-Day to assist the infantry push through German defences. The M4A3E2 originally came with the 75 mm guns to support infantry with its better HE shells compared to the planned 76 mm instalment, but the 76 mm was installed later in the campaign and called the [[M4A3E2 (76) W|M4A3E2 (76) W Jumbo]].

===Combat usage===
The M4A3E2 was well-liked by the crew and commanders due to its protection value. Despite the weight difference and strain on the suspension, it performed reliably and could absorb damage that would otherwise destroy regular Shermans. Later in the war, when the quantity of the M4 Sherman "Jumbos" were unable to meet the demand, George S. Patton ordered for existing M4 Shermans to weld on armour plates scavenged from knocked out tanks to makeshift "on-the-field" Jumbos. This caused the newer Shermans such as the [[M4A3 (76) W|M4A3 (76) W HVSS]] could have the same protection by welding metal onto the hull. One of the Jumbo's notable participation in the war was in Patton's Third Army where it spearheaded the assault to Bastogne to relieve the pinned down 101st Paratroopers (though they deny needing a "rescue").

When the war in the European Theater ended, the M4A3E2s were then placed stateside for the preparation for the invasion of the Japanese Home Islands. However, this was never to be fulfilled as Japan then surrendered to the United States in September 1945. The M4A3E2 Shermans proved to be a very effective stop-gap solution until heavier armoured tanks such as the Pershing could come into play. In 1948, about 96 Sherman Jumbos still remained in US inventory.

=== In-game description ===
The M4 Sherman went through its most interesting modification at the end of 1943, when American builders presented a compromise design. It was a direct infantry support tank to be used at the beginning of 1944 during infantry landings in Northern Europe. The solution, which was quite simple, came about after it became clear that the T26E1 heavy assault tank would be ready for full-scale production no earlier than January 1945: boost the tank's armour to 10 cm. At the same time a heavier turret was designed with 10.5 cm armour, the changes together resulting in a tank that weighed in at 38 tons. Experience on the front showed that modernized tracks with fixed grousers were the best option, and they ended up giving the new tank a significant speed boost. It was able to traverse rough terrain at a top speed of 22 mph.

The Fisher Tank Arsenal launched production of the M4A3E2 in May 1944 and finished in June of the same year. The tanks, which were bequeathed the nickname "Jumbo", were delivered to Europe that fall and served successfully through the end of the war.

== Media ==


;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|l31USzTa5EQ|'''War Thunder''' - How to destroy the Jumbo.|kmLZDtH7FpU|'''The Shooting Range #208''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 05:42 discusses the M4A3E2 Jumbo.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USA heavy tanks}}

T26E1-1

2020-11-29T17:30:01Z

U93179194: T44 shell penetration advantage

{{Specs-Card|code=us_t26e4_superpershing}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American heavy tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.57 "Battle March"]]. The tank takes the basis of a normal [[M26|M26 Pershing]], then increases its armour with welded-on metal slabs and up-guns it with a [[T15E1 (90 mm)|T15E1 cannon]], which is nearly identical to the one in the [[T32]]. This gives the tank a much appreciated armour protection and firepower for the battle rating and is comparable with the premium [[M26E1]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

'''Armour type:'''

* Cast homogeneous armour (Front, Turret)
* Rolled homogeneous armour (Side, Rear, Roof, Turret appliqué armour)
* Structural steel (Hull appliqué armour, Rear turret counterweight)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 101.6 (42-46°) + 38.1 (47°) + 38.1 mm (57°) ''Front glacis'' 162.5 (25-60°) + 38.1 (47°) + 38.1 mm (57°) '' Upper front glacis'' 76.2 mm (53°) + 38.1 (41°) + 38.1 mm (48°) ''Lower glacis'' || 76.2 mm ''Front'' 50.8 mm (0-2°) ''Rear''|| 50.8 mm (4°) ''Top'' 22.2 mm (68°) ''Lower'' || 22.2 mm
|-
| Turret || 101.6 mm (1-55°) ''Turret front'' 114.3 (1-84°) + 80 mm (3°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 76.2 mm (2-54°) || 76.2 (0-79°) + 100 mm (3°) || 25.4 mm
|-
! Armour !! Sides !! Roof
|-
| Cupola || 76.2 mm || 25.4 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick.
* The left turret side has a few tracks welded on, providing an additional 30 mm of armour where they are.
* The "ear flaps" on the turret provide 38.1 mm of armour. The steel on the gun mantlet gives an additional 80 mm of armour.
* Front glacis have sheets of 38.1 mm armour added on, sloped at varying angles.

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=646|rbMinHp=442}}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|T15E1 (90 mm)}}

The {{PAGENAME}} utilizes a very powerful 90 mm T15E1 cannon, nearly identical to the gun on the [[T32]]. The gun's greatest weakness is its reload time, allowing more than sufficient time for the enemy to move out of their cover, aim, and take a shot. Therefore, staying in cover between shots and near friendlies might be preferable. A mix of T41 APCBC and T44 APCR shells is recommended as a typical load-out.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[T15E1 (90 mm)|90 mm T15E1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 42 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 22.85 || 31.63 || 38.41 || 42.48 || 45.19 || rowspan="2" | 16.25 || rowspan="2" | 14.38 || rowspan="2" | 13.25 || rowspan="2" | 12.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.28 || 16.80 || 20.40 || 22.56 || 24.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
For less mobile tank destroyers usually a mix shells is recommended, with Super Pershing being no different. For Arcade Battles, 15 shells is typically sufficient, with majority being APCBC with roughly 3-5 APCR shells dedicated to the enemies with a better armour. APCBC shell is a good default for a majority of targets, it typically should be loaded when venturing towards unknown.

* T43 shot - {{Annotation|AP|Armour-Piercing}} - Acceptable performance against majority of targets
* T42 shell - {{Annotation|HE|High-Explosive fragmentation shell}} - Usable nearly exclusively against soft targets. Due to long reload time it's typically safer to use other shells than committing to the HE
* T41 - {{Annotation|APCBC|Armour-Piercing Capped Ballistic Capped}} - Deadliest round, very wide post-penetration effect.
* T44 shot - {{Annotation|APCR|Armour-Piercing Composite Rigid shell}} - Penetration increased by 1/3, suitable against more armoured targets, however it has the narrowest cone of post-penetration shrapnel.

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| T43 shot || AP || 211 || 208 || 193 || 177 || 162 || 148
|-
| T42 shell || HE || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13
|-
| T41 || APCBC || 224 || 221 || 206 || 188 || 172 || 157
|-
| T44 shot || APCR || 336 || 330 || 304 || 274 || 248 || 223
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| T43 shot || AP || 975 || 10.90 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| T42 shell || HE || 975 || 10.60 || 0.4 || 0.5 || 925 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| T41 || APCBC || 975 || 10.94 || 1.2 || 14.0 || 137.2 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| T44 shot || APCR || 1,143 || 7.60 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! 9th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''42''' || 32 ''(+8)'' || 28 ''(+14)'' || 24 ''(+18)'' || 20 ''(+22)'' || 16 ''(+26)'' || 12 ''(+30)'' || 8 ''(+34)'' || 4 ''(+38)'' || 0 ''(+42)'' || No
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Recommended ammo load is 15 to remove most ammo from the hull floor, leaving rack 9 intact.
* Ammo rack 1 is a ready rack, and takes priority in being filled at the beginning of the battle, then fills racks 9 through 2.
* Full reload speed will be realized as long as ammo exists in the ready rack. If the ready racks is empty, a penalty to reload speed will occur.
* Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will load ammo from racks 2-9 into rack 1, as long as there is ammo in racks 2-9. Firing will interrupt the loading of the ready racks.

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 1,000 (200) || 577 || -10°/+70° || ±60°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 4,500 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The {{PAGENAME}} is a slow, pretty well-armoured Tank Destroyer, and should be played as such, keeping enemies in front, while friends on flanks. Its frontal protection is not that reliable, especially against long 88's, at the same time its very unconventional, giving a large number of smaller weak spots. Therefore, it's recommended to stay on the move, or even rotating turret left and right to increase chances of deflecting the shot. Unlike with [[T34]] simply staying hull-down is not viable due to weak spots at top of the turret and bottom turret cheeks - it's best to hide an entire body between shots, letting allies lure the attention of the enemy team.

It's also one of the weakest tanks when played solo, owning it to low mobility, very weak side armour and a very long reload time. With 76 mm it can be penetrated by every tank it encounters and a number of anti-aircraft guns. Therefore an additional situational awareness is required to always have allies in proximity, in fact: if need be, tactical retreats might be worth a risk, as if left alone a single hit without mobility kill on a hostile unit can mean a near-certain death.

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Mobility
! Protection
! colspan="2" | Firepower
|-
| I
| Tracks
|
| Parts
| Horizontal Drive
| T41
|-
| II
| Suspension
| Brake System
| FPE
| Adjustment of Fire
|
|-
| III
| Filters
|
| Crew Replenishment
| Elevation Mechanism
| T44 shot
|-
| IV
| Transmission
| Engine
|
|
|
|-
|}

As with every ground vehicle, Parts and FPE are an absolute top-priority. Following that both types of shells should be researched. Either Adjustment of Fire or Suspension should be researched as the second module in tier II, depending on play-style. If undecided - choose Adjustment of Fire. Mandatory modifications in tier III are T44 shot and Crew Replenishment. After that: Filters -> Engine -> Transmission for improved mobility, in that particular order due to the efficiency in {{rp}}RP/hp increase. Further modifications at will. Generally least important module are Tracks, though again - it might depend on a personal preferences.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* The {{PAGENAME}}, or Super Pershing, is an up-gunned M26 Pershing with a lot of spaced armour added to the front of the tank.
* The added spaced armuor makes this tank very resilient to common guns like the Tiger II's 88 mm and even large caliber HE shells.
* Is armed with the same powerful 90 mm gun that is found on both T32 and M26E1 tanks.
* The T41 APCBC shell is comparable to the Tiger II's default APCBC shell. It has high accuracy, velocity, penetration, and damage potential.
* The T44 APCR shell can penetrate up to 336 mm, rivalling or even beating some tier VI APFSDS ammunition.
* Despite all the added armour and new 90 mm gun, the tank still gets an impressive 10 degrees of gun depression.
* The turret armour coupled with the gun depression give this tank great potential when it comes to shooting over hills and prolonged hull down fighting.
* Has a roof mounted .50 cal machine gun.

'''Cons:'''

* Despite all the add-on armour, the lower plate is still susceptible to being penetrated by contemporary guns.
* The hull machine gun port is small, but still a weak spot that is easily penetrated.
* The spaced armour doesn't really help against HEAT, APDS, or Russian 122 mm shells.
* All the added armour coupled with the weak engine give this tank terrible acceleration and hill climbing capabilities.
* The vertical aiming drive can be damaged by simply shooting the two springs on the turret roof with mere machine guns.
* The turret spaced armour doesn’t cover the weakly armoured corners of the lower turret. Can be easily penetrated by contemporary guns.
* The 90 mm shells are massive and take up a huge amount of the crew compartment. Any shell that penetrates the hull or left side of the turret housing the 10-rounds first stage ammo rack will likely destroy the vehicle.
* Even with an ace crew, the gun will take 12.5 seconds to reload. Trading shots with a Tiger II is not a good idea.
* While the 90 mm is a good gun, it's frankly inferior to the Tiger II's 88 mm in virtually ever metric other than explosive filler mass.

== History ==

===Development===
The [[M26|M26 Pershing]] helped the American armoured forces by bringing in the heavy 90 mm Gun M3 into service on a tank mount. The gun was similar in performance to the German's [[Tiger E|Tiger I's]] [[KwK 36 (88 mm)|8.8 cm KwK 36]] cannon, but Army Ordnance wanted something to match the more powerful [[KwK 43 (88 mm)|8.8 cm KwK 43]] cannon on the [[Tiger II (H)|Tiger II]]. The development to match this cannon made the [[T15E1 (90 mm)|T15 90 mm gun]]; the gun was 73 calibers long, compared to the 90 mm Gun M3's 53 calibers length. The first produced guns were called the ''T15E1'' and had large, fixed ammunition. To test the gun's viability in the tank, the gun was mounted onto the very first production T26, T26E1 tank serial #1, registration #0103292, with the conversions being done by the Wellman Engineering Company. This upgraded tank was titled the '''T26E1-1''' by means of a painted-on designation on the turret's left side to distinguish the design, although this title was not official, and few if any sources refer to it as such. The extreme length of the T15E1 gun barrel caused the manufacturers to add a very prominent counter balance on the mantlet, which could be seen on the left side of the turret when facing it. The T26E1-1 tank was sent to Aberdeen Proving Grounds on 12 January 1945 for testing purposes.<ref name="PershingHunnicutt">Hunnicutt, R.P. ''Pershing: A History of the Medium Tank T20 Series'' U.S.A.: Feist Publications, 1971</ref>

In March 1945, following the Aberdeen tests, the T26 tanks mounting the T15 gun was officially classified as the ''T26E4''. As such, the mentioned T26E1-1 would be classified as the first of the T26E4 models, with an initial procurement plan for 1,000 more units. The first T26E4 (henceforth referred to as T26E1-1) would be the only M26 model with the T15 gun to see service in Europe. Among the troops, the T26E1-1 in Europe would be known by its eponymous name '''"Super Pershing"''' when compared alongside to the normal M26 Pershing.<ref name="PershingHunnicutt">Hunnicutt, R.P. ''Pershing: A History of the Medium Tank T20 Series'' U.S.A.: Feist Publications, 1971</ref>

===Combat usage===
The T26E1-1 "Super Pershing" was sent to Europe and arrived in 15 March 1945 and assigned to the 3rd Armored Division. In its introduction, the "Super Pershing" was given additional armour by the maintenance crew in hopes to keep it up to date against the heavier German tanks. The front hull had two large pieces of metal welded onto it, each 38 mm in thickness, with a space in between the metal pieces. These metal pieces were sloped more than the hull armour it was over. An additional armour piece was welded on the turret mantlet, the metal was taken from a Panther turret and was about 80 mm thick when welded onto the turret.<ref name="PershingHunnicutt">Hunnicutt, R.P. ''Pershing: A History of the Medium Tank T20 Series'' U.S.A.: Feist Publications, 1971</ref> The T15E1 gun has much promise to the crew when using the tank as the gun could reliably penetrate the frontal hull of a [[Panther G|Panther]] tank, a feat not many other American tank gun could claim at the time.

The T26E1-1's performance in battle is largely written in the accounts of John P. Irwin, who was the tank gunner of the only active "Super Pershing" in the war. He mentions of three prominent combat actions with the T26E1-1, each one destroying the enemy with little difficulty. Records show that the T26E1-1 destroyed a total of three tanks and captured one after an extended firefight that left the opposing tank out of ammunition. Though it was hoped to have the T26E1-1 fight a Tiger II for a rather explosive comparison, the T26E1-1 never saw a Tiger II during its tour in Europe. After the war, the T26E1-1 was most likely scrapped in the post-war demobilization as the final image of the tank was it lying in a vehicle dump in Kassel, Germany.

===Legacy and similar vehicles===
The T26E1-1 continued as an idea long after the war was over, with the next development arming the long 90 mm cannon in the ''T26E3'' tank models, but the cannons used the new two-piece ammunition gun T15E2 rather than the one-piece one in the T15E1 when it was found that the long 50 inch rounds made loading prohibitive in the M26 turret. 25 of these tanks were built and were designated the ''T26E4''. Another development was to convert normal M26 Pershings to mounting the T54 cannon, another development of the T15E1 which featured shorter ammunition. These tanks were redesignated the [[M26E1|M26E1]], but work was halted due to issues with the guns and a cut in project funds.<ref name="PershingHunnicutt">Hunnicutt, R.P. ''Pershing: A History of the Medium Tank T20 Series'' U.S.A.: Feist Publications, 1971</ref>

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|QoK9_NmswCo|'''The Shooting Range #35''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:27 discusses the T26E1-1.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/devblog/current/879/|[Devblog] T26E1-1 Super Pershing: Under a Panther Mask]]

=== References ===
<references />

{{USA heavy tanks}}

Tiger II (P)

2020-11-07T09:45:51Z

U93179194: correct AB max. horsepower

{{Specs-Card|code=germ_pzkpfw_VI_ausf_b_tiger_IIp}}
{{About
| about = German heavy tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other variants
| link = Tiger II (Family)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (or '''Tiger II (P)''') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German heavy tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before Update 1.41.

The Tiger II (P) remains one of the more potent foes a player could face in the Rank IV battles.

The Tiger II's cannon can maintain a very nice penetration even at long ranges (1,200 m-1,800m) while American and Soviet cannons usually cannot keep such high penetration over distance, so they prefer 700 m or less engagements where their guns will most likely destroy you in the first hit, so get used to long range engagements. Being comfortable with kilometer long shots is a must in this tank. At 800m you should still be within a safe distance (depending on what you are facing) but going under that is getting into the Allied guns' effective range.

'''''Difference between the [[Tiger II (H)|Henschel (H)]] and the [[Tiger II (P)|Porsche (P)]] turrets''''' 
The "Henschel" turret is slightly more resistant since it has a flat but thick plate in the front and a more effective gun mantlet. The "Porsche" turret is less armoured, has an exposed turret ring and a shot trap that can and will deflect shells to the weaker upper plate of the chassis. Commander's cupola on the "Henschel" turret is also thicker (150 mm, opposed to 100 mm on "Porsche" turret). Other than that both tanks are identical, but for obvious reasons the "Henschel" turret is more popular than the "Porsche" turret. The initial design is often misleadingly called the "Porsche" turret due to the belief that it was designed by Porsche for their prototype; in fact it was the initial Krupp design for both prototypes.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

'''Armour type:'''

*Rolled homogeneous armour
*Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet, Cupola, Turret front)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides (Slope angle) !! Rear (Slope angle) !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 150 mm (49°) ''Front glacis'' 100 mm (49°) ''Lower glacis''|| 80 mm (26°) ''Top'' 80 + 5 mm ''Bottom''|| 80 mm (28°) || 40 mm
|-
| Turret || 100 mm (17-57°) ''Turret front'' 120 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 82 mm (28-29°) || 80 mm (30°) 25 mm ''Turret underside'' || 40 mm
|-
! Armour !! Sides !! Roof
|-
| Cupola || 100 mm || 40 mm
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Turret front armour is only 100 mm thick, but it is rounded, with varying angles (between 0-55°). Middle part is unangled and is the weakest part of the turret.
* Turret has some major flaws, like a shot trap (''As mentioned in the "[[#Pros_and_cons|Pros and cons]]" section''), and exposed, vulnerable turret ring (80-100 mm thick and no angle at all).
* Commander's cupola on top of the turret is 100 mm thick, but quite well angled.
* Lower glacis is only 100 mm thick, but it is not a weakspot (over 200 mm effective angled).
* Machine gun port could be marked as close-range weakspot. Although most of it is still 150 mm thick, the angling is much worse. But targeting the turret is preferable.

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=904|rbMinHp=619|AoAweight=|abMaxHp=1113}}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|KwK43 (88 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[KwK43 (88 mm)|88 mm KwK43]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 70 || rowspan="2" | -8°/+15° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 15.37 || 21.28 || 25.84 || 28.58 || 30.40 || rowspan="2" | 9.75 || rowspan="2" | 8.63 || rowspan="2" | 7.95 || rowspan="2" | 7.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 11.31 || 13.30 || 16.15 || 17.86 || 19.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| PzGr 39/43 || APCBC || 237 || 234 || 222 || 207 || 194 || 181
|-
| PzGr 40/43 || APCR || 279 || 273 || 252 || 227 || 205 || 185
|-
| Hl.Gr 39 || HEAT || 110 || 110 || 110 || 110 || 110 || 110
|-
| Sprgr.43 || HE || 14 || 14 || 14 || 14 || 14 || 14
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| PzGr 39/43 || APCBC || 1,000 || 10.16 || 1.2 || 14 || 108.8 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| PzGr 40/43 || APCR || 1,130 || 7.3 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| Hl.Gr 39 || HEAT || 600 || 7.64 || 0 || 0.3 || 1,100 || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
| Sprgr.43 || HE || 820 || 9.4 || 0.1 || 0.5 || 1,000 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}. Note that racks 7 and 8 are ready racks.]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''70''' || 65 ''(+5)'' || 59 ''(+11)'' || 48 ''(+22)'' || 37 ''(+33)'' || 30 ''(+40)'' || 23 ''(+47)'' || 12 ''(+58)'' || 1 ''(+69)'' || style="text-align:left" | Yes
|-
|}

Both sides empty: 23 ''(+47)''

Thanks to the ready rack feature found on this tank, the first and second ammo racks found in the back of the turret will always be full of ammo, making it the prime target for enemy tankers who are looking to detonate your ammo rack. Even solid shots like APCR and APDS that commonly pierce your front turret can make their way to the rear of the turret, potentially hitting the ready rack and can cause a critical hit to become a deadly one.

'''Notes:'''

* Recommended ammo load is 23 to keep the hull empty and both ready racks full.
* 7th and 8th ammo racks are ready racks, and takes priority in being filled at the beginning of the battle, then fills 1 through 6 in that order.
* Full reload speed will be realized as long as ammo exists in either ready rack. If both ready racks are empty, a penalty to reload speed will occur.
* Simply not firing the main gun when it is loaded will load ammo from racks 1-6 into 8 then 7, as long as there is ammo in racks 1-6. Firing the main gun will interrupt the loading of the ready racks.

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|MG34 (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG34 (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm MG34]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,000 (150) || 900 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

====General play style====

The Tiger II is best used as a sniper (mainly due to its powerful gun); but when needed it can provide direct support for advancing units.

When used as a sniper, it is best that you find a position with a good overview of the battlefield. Keep your tank positioned directly towards the enemy and keep an eye out for any medium tanks trying to flank you (Tiger II has great frontal armour, do not be afraid to use it. However, keep in mind that the lower plate offers less protection and penetrations can easily cause fires due to the positioning of mechanical parts). It is best that you find cover behind a solid object and slightly rotate your vehicle e.g.: rotate your tank about 10-15 degrees from the enemy (your turret too). Positioning, combined with distance, can easily give you effective armour greater than 300 mm. When "sniping" it is best to wait for the enemy to expose their weak points, fire a steady, accurate shot and retreat to a safe position. Wait for your reload to be completed and slowly show your frontal plate (most of the players will engage even though the chances of penetration are low); once the enemy has fired, you can take your time and engage the tank while they reload.

Using the Tiger II to advance and to support the front line can be rather tricky. While this tank offers great firepower and superior frontal armour, you'll notice that it is hard to fight in urban areas. In situations like this, you will quickly realize that the high weight and sheer size of the tank can cause major problems. Almost any tank that is faster will easily outmaneouver the Tiger II and destroy it. To avoid this, it is best to stay in the back (not too far from your team), keeping your tank positioned at an angle and using "peek-a-boo" techniques. You should always look for a position that can protect you during the assault of small tanks, such as "U" shaped buildings where you can easily retreat and protect your weak points.

''Note that you have to find a tactic that suits your play style best; these are simple tips that should help you get started.''

'''''It is not a medium tank nor a tank destroyer:''''' 
This is a very heavy tank with an engine meant for a tank half its weight, so it moves slow and turns slow. It is not as reliable for close range combat as a medium tank and if you try brawl with it more than necessary you will find yourself quickly flanked by faster, more agile tanks and destroyed with side/rear shots. Also, soviet 122mm guns don't have the best penetration but if that shell gets into your tank you will not survive, and under 500m, it is going to get in.

This does not mean you should stay put in a single spot, or camp a location like a tank destroyer (which are designed to camp): you have mobility, so keep moving or you will attract a lot of attention, only to find out too late that someone took his sweet time to travel 1.5km to your position to deliver you a shell to the side.
====Tactics====
====== Know the specs======
'''''Know the gun and ammo:''''' 
Knowing what your gun and ammunition are capable of is very important; this translates into knowing what kind of ammo to use in every situation against any enemy tank.

Like most German tanks, the stock APCBC (PzGr 39/43) is a good all-around shell, effective at close and long range with good penetration and good fragmentation, it will be the one you will be using the most. For close range combat with very heavily armoured tanks you will need APCR shells (PzGr 40/43), its high penetration value at close range can be a threat even to some 8.0 BR tanks, but remember it is a solid shell with no explosive charge, so you will need to aim carefully for crew and vital components which means you will need to know where these are located exactly.

The recommended ammo ratio is 2/3 (two thirds) of APCBC and 1/3 (one third) of APCR.

In arcade battles ranging is quite easy since the game does it for you, in [[Realistic Battles|realistic]] and [[Simulator Battles|simulator]] however you do not have this advantage. Trying to "eyeball it" after 800m can be incredibly tricky in these game modes, but something you might not know is that your sights provide you with all the tools you need to land a shot on your first try on a target that can be as far as 2800m (2.8km). You just need to follow the formula: ''Target size in meters / mil number x 1000 = target range''

Your "target size" is the length or the width (depending on what side you are facing) of your target, the mils are displayed in your sights on the horizontal axis, you divide these 2 numbers and multiply the result by 1000 and you will get the exact distance in meters. Then you just have to adjust your aim using the vertical axis of your sights (that displays the bullet drop) and take the shot. If your numbers were correct, you will land the shot dead on.

'''''Know your enemy and know yourself:''''' 
This applies to all tanks in all honesty, you need to spend some time looking at the armour of any tank you might encounter and learning where possible weak spots are located and under what conditions (angle, distance) you can actually score a good hit; yes, the gun is extremely good, but '''don't expect miracles''', aim it right and it will serve you right.

Learning your enemies' reload rates, vital components and crew locations is also very important; if you learn where their ammunition is stored, you will be creating fireworks during the whole game.

Take care of reading about your enemy's different ammo options, remember that just looking at the penetration values under the short description is not enough, since most tanks will have better options when it comes to ammunition. Learn under what conditions (angle, distance) your tank is safe from all the available ammo for these certain tanks, then take measures to protect yourself.

====== Positioning ======
'''''Hide your noble parts:''''' 
Taking cover is very important for the Tiger II; if you happen to find a position where a piece of rubble covers your lower frontal hull plate you have just made yourself near indestructible from the front. You can also use some low profile friendly tank destroyers, however having enough clearance to shoot is important, so not all tank destroyers are suitable cover.

If you try to move ahead in the face of an enemy you will end with a dead transmission, a fire and possibly some knocked out crew members, or just destroyed. 
Explore the map, find places where craters, depressions in the ground, soft hills, rubble, rocks or artificial obstacles (such as trenches) will cover you while letting you shoot over it; the Tiger II has very nice gun depression, use it to your advantage. 
Remember that destructible environmental objects (like brick walls, fences, and even trees) will protect you from a single HEAT or HE shell hit, but nothing else, and you should not rely on it to cover your sides or as anything else than visual cover. 
Taking cover behind large rocks, hills, buildings or even ally heavy tanks while you perform repairs or reload can be very useful.

======Long range combat ======
'''''Tiger II+long distance =/= immortal:''''' 
An enemy that knows what he's doing will not engage you at distance with regular armour penetrating rounds, high calibre HEAT and HE rounds will very likely end your existence with a big boom if it manages to hit you.

A KV-2 or an ISU-152 shooting a 152mm HE shell will most likely destroy you on the first hit, the sheer size of the shell makes it extremely harmful to your tank at all distances, the vehicles capable of destroying your tank with HE rounds are however, most of the time, not very well armoured; Not armoured enough for your gun, at the very least, so you should be able to take them out at ease if you manage to shoot first. High caliber HEAT ammo is also unaffected by distance and if it penetrates it can cause heavy damage to your tank.

Remember a 122mm HE round hit can also cause you heavy damage or complete destruction.

======Teamplay======
'''''Don't be an easy-going loner, be a paranoid team-player:''''' 
Lone heavy tanks are dead heavy tanks, while on a game make sure to have some medium/light tank support to cover your sides and rear, you will be the one absorbing shots they cannot take and they will mop up whatever tries to come from the side (that will be, most of the time, medium or light tanks) and even if they can not take it out, they will warn you about it and you will be able to respond in time. If you can't get medium/light tank support, get yourself another heavy tank to support you, you know what's scarier than a Tiger II? Two of them.

Having support will give you peace of mind while shooting and let you concentrate on your target instead of being looking around you every 5 seconds like a paranoid, but then again, being paranoid is not a bad thing while driving this tank.

If you saw something rolling around and don't know what it is, assume the worst and act accordingly, if it happened to be an A.I T-26 you can laugh about it, but if you ignore it and it happened to be an enemy flanking wave you will regret it, since it will not only cost you your tank, it might cost you the game.

======Close quarter combat======
'''''While in close range, play it smart and always angle your tank. But not your turret:''''' 
Sometimes you have to get in close to the combat zone for many reasons, one of them being Urban combat where the abundance of cover denies you of very long range shooting. If you see yourself forced to close quarters combat (that is under 700m) you need to play smart, be mobile but take your time to wait for the enemy where they might be coming from, communicate enemy positions to your allies and have them communicate any enemy contacts back so you can set up ambushes and flanking maneuvers.

While in urban combat, long straight roads are a bane to the Tiger's health, look both sides before crossing and remember that your tank is capable of being the one delivering a penetrating blow, this allow for some long range shooting at certain locations. You might also find yourself suddenly in front of an enemy tank while turning around a corner, in this case a Tiger I would angle itself to maximize its effective armour thickness since it has flat armour, the Tiger II has the heavy armour of a Tiger I and the sloped armour of a Panther, so '''angling is usually unnecessary, but''' at this close range you will be easily destroyed from the front so you want to angle a bit so you have an increase in your effective armour thickness and this might save you from a shot in the lower frontal hull plate.

'''BUT, whatever you do, DO NOT''' angle your turret, your turret is not specially strong from the front, in fact the front of the turret is an all times favorite target for everyone and you'll get shot there a lot but it is far better to face the enemy directly since the plates on the side of the turret are very thin.

Being a fast and accurate shooter also helps while in close range, at this rank anything hitting you from under 500m will most likely destroy you, but you will also be able to penetrate anything so make sure to be the first one to shoot and make sure it lands where it hurts.

=====The stock Tiger II guide=====
Driving a recently unlocked tank is always difficult; the gun accuracy is terrible and the inability to repair in combat is extremely frustrating... but nothing is worse than the feeling impotence when watching your tank burn away even after defeating the enemy that caused the fire. In general the vehicle will underperform when stock, so don't say "I hate it" before you unlock all the modifications.

Only true effort can unlock the necessary modifications to remedy this or by utilising golden eagles. ''But let's assume you have more important things to buy with your golden eagles.''

Remember three very important points:

#You can not repair anything else than your tracks.
#Once you catch a fire, it is game over.
#All your research points should be prioritized into the Parts modifications. This modifications is number one priority.

Before entering the game '''make sure that you are researching parts''' and not Tracks or anything else, the ability to repair in combat is essential and will make your life far easier. But hey, if you don't have that modification yet, here are a few tips:

# Stay in or close by the capture circles.
#:Did you know that you can repair and replenish your ammo storage at the capture circles? No? Well, now you know it. Use this knowledge to your advantage.
#:If you get your gunshot, '''you can repair without the Parts modification''' by stopping your tank inside the capture zone. If you get your transmission or engine shot, and somehow you don't catch fire and happen to be near a capture zone, you can ask one of your allies to tow you to the capture zone. '''Remember''' that you must press the acceleration key (default: W) when someone is towing you, you won't move but it will unlock your brakes making you easy to move.
# Don't catch fire.
#:Don't, just don't. If you do it is game over, make sure to make as much damage as possible if you happen to catch fire.
# Sniping will depend largely on luck.
#:With a stock tank your accuracy will be terrible, so you will be forced to close quarters most of the time. Unlocking the modules that improve your accuracy will allow you to achieve 2000m long shots at ease so they should be your number 3 priority after Parts and FPE.
# Play smart.
#:If you use your tank in a smart way, take precautions and take advantage of its capabilities while keeping its limits in mind, you should not need to repair during a game at all
# Be helpful and merciful to your allies
#:Saw someone flip their tank? It reminds you of a turtle upside down struggling to set itself right, doesn't it? Funny, huh? Did you know that in nature, If a turtle flips and cannot right itself it dies slowly in desperation, an agony that can take several days? Not so funny anymore, huh?
#:Laugh out load, if you want when you see it, yes it is funny, but don't abandon the poor turtle to its fate, if you happen to be nearby, by all means please help the person in need for a friendly tow. The lesson here is: if you want help, be helpful.
#:If you want people to flip you over when you are upside down or pull you out of a trench, or pull your transmission-less self to a capture point so you can repair, do the same for others.

=====Performance in a 0.0 to 10.0 scale:=====

*3.0/10 Rusher: Trying to get to the cap point before a T-44 or a Panther? Keep dreaming. This is a slow slumbering beast that will struggle to achieve 40km/h even on a flat road, struggle to achieve 30km/h on flat cross country, struggle to achieve 20km/h on rough cross country and struggle to achieve 8km/h up a steep hill (that is, if you can climb it at all). Its engine was meant for a tank half its weight and size, so expect a slow tank.
*4.5/10 brawler: Its heavyweight, limited acceleration and high profile make it unsuitable for highly mobile close quarter battles, if the tank is on its own it will get easily flanked and destroyed by faster medium/light tanks better suited for these battles and most Allied tanks prefer close quarters while engaging the Tiger II, so it quickly becomes a turkey hunt. However, its great gun and heavy frontal armour add to its survivability and if the operator has medium tank support it can become a foothold for the team.
*6.0/10 flanker: Again, its high profile and low acceleration don't make it the best tank to flank and a medium tank is better suited for this, but it has a fairly good top speed (even if it takes a long time and a flat road to achieve it), its comparatively fast for a heavy tank, its heavy armour gives it extra survivability in case of a counter attack and if it manages to position itself on the enemy's flank, it can quickly reduce them to a pyrotechnia.
*7.4/10 Adamant: Its heavy frontal armour will often serve as a shield to your lighter allies, you will be capable of taking heavy hits and shrug off impacts that most medium tanks cannot take, it has some flaws and weak spots in the frontal armour that the enemy will take advantage of, but with some angling and planning this can be mitigated. Its side armour is, however, very weak.
*7.6/10 Sniper: Distance is this tank's friend, its gun has a very long effective range and its armour becomes impervious to most enemy weapons at long ranges, but not all of them and it is not by any means a tank destroyer which will have the upper hand over the Tiger II at very long ranges.
*9.0/10 Ambusher: Be it sitting still at the end of a street or waiting in the river while the enemy approaches the bridge, this tank will shoot 3 times or more before the enemy even realize what hit them, but you need to be accurate to be deathly and having support and/or a place to fall back to or a hull-down position is essential for an ambush.

====Specific enemies worth noting====

===== US Army vehicles =====
The Tigers' common enemies are going to be the [[M26|M26 Pershing]], an agile american medium tank with a 90 mm gun that can pierce some holes in your frontal armour from a medium range and can get in your flank in no time, but however has relatively low armour; the [[T32]], a heavier version of the Pershing with an impenetrable mantlet and night invulnerable upper glacis, and a far nastier version of that 90mm gun; the premium T28, american tank destroyer with incredibly strong frontal armour and a gun far superior to the Tiger II's (shoot the cupolas), the premium [[M26E1|M26E1]] and the [[M46_"Tiger"|Premium M46 "Tiger"]] American tanks which have very similar guns to the Tiger II.

A further nuisance is the [[M41A1|M41A1 Bulldog]]. While it will mostly only fire sub-calibre shells, these are a danger up to 1000m to the frontal turret armour. Experienced light tank drivers will try to flank the Tiger to get shots into the exposed hull ammo racks, the APDS shot usually setting these off with one shot, unlike the APCR the Bulldog also carries. If you are stuck in close quarters, try to get a shot off as fast as possible in order to immobilise or destroy it.

[[T95|T95]]: Use your ''medium tank'' to either outflank this enemy or put a few well aimed shots into the cupolas. Watch out for its traverse speed, as the ''Doom-turtle'' is shockingly fast to turn on the spot.

[[T29]]: Very good gun, penetrations are very deadly. Surprisingly resistant despite its weak hull armour, multiple shots will be necessary if you don't have a lucky shot. From the front, if you have the patience and finesse, a shot into the turret front to the right of the gun mantle will most likely result in an ammo rack.

===== Red Army vehicles =====
The [[IS-2_(1944)]] is a Soviet heavy tank with a large 122 mm cannon which you want to avoid. Both HE and APHE shells of the 122 mm cannon pose a threat and the turret armour can be quite trollish, often either bouncing shots or sometimes eating them up.

Succeeding the [[T-34-85]] is the [[T-44]], a sneakier and more armoured version of the former. It retains the excellent mobility while gaining better manoeuvrability and hull armour. Luckily it retains the 85mm, which however is quite enough to reliably deal with the Tiger's sides. Deal with them quickly before you need to turn the turret and expose you tank's weak side to the enemy. Like with the IS-2 the best place to shoot the T-44 is the turret and lower glacis, the T-44 also inheriting the bouncy turret, so aim well!

[[SU-100]]: Fast, mobile and armed with a gun rivaling that of your own tank, this tank destroyer is not to be underestimated. It can punch holes through your turret with ease. Fortunately they have little yet well angled armour, thus SU-100 drivers will often angle their armour to create areas of high angle equivalent to auto-bounce zones. In such cases aim for the less angled portion, side or front.

All three variants of the ISU series are big boxy targets with very nasty guns, yet are sluggish and have no angled armour. Look and sneeze at them, however often enough they will wait in ambush situations, so be prepared!

[[T-54_(1951)|T-54]] is rare but will still pop up in matches. If you have the time against them at close range, shoot at the turret front. At medium distances, you will need APCR or a very lucky shot.

===== British vehicles =====
British vehicles are some of the first to get APDS (The first being the [[Comet_I|A34 Comet]] at BR 5.3), and are therefore very dangerous due to their high penetration. The Tiger II will commonly face tanks like the [[FV4202]], [[Caernarvon|Caernarvon]] and the [[Centurion_Mk_3|Centurion Mk 3]], all of which have the [[Ordnance_QF_20-pounder_Mk.I_(84_mm)|84 mm 20-pdr gun]]. They can punch straight through your turret cheeks at long range with great accuracy. They also have sloped armour, which may bounce some of your shells if you aim poorly. You may also face tanks like the [[Tortoise|A39 Tortoise]], which is a very difficult penetrate from the front. It has thick, sloped armour and a high penetrating [[Ordnance_QF_32-pounder_(94_mm)|94 mm 32-pdr gun]]. At long range even your powerful 88 mm will struggle to take one out. You may also face tanks armed with the [[L7A1_(105_mm)|105 mm L7A1 gun]], like the [[Centurion_Mk_10|Centurion Mk 10]]. Tanks with this gun have massive penetration (over 300 mm) and so you will be an easy target for them. Luckily, most British tanks do not have explosive filler in their rounds. They will easily be able to take out your gunners/commander, but will struggle to incapacitate the driver from the front. This will give you the chance to use the tanks decent reverse speed to make your escape.

=====The worst enemy is yourself=====
This is true in a literal and figurative way if you keep telling yourself that you can't do it you won't do it. This tank is not easy to operate and it can be frustrating at times but it is a very good tank once you start using it properly and keep its limits and weaknesses in mind.

In the literal way, yes, '''your worst possible enemy is another Panzerkampfwagen Tiger Ausf. B.''' They know the tank from the inside out just like you, long range and even taking cover wont help you since they have that same amazing gun and they know exactly where to hit, besides, when talking about distance: if you can hurt it, it can hurt you, and if it can't hurt you, you can't hurt it.

A Tiger II vs Tiger II fight usually ends in less than 25 seconds, sometimes lasting as little as 2 seconds using 2 shells or less to achieve the destruction of one of them. Sometimes you will find yourself exchanging shells for a whole game.

'''The only effective way to face a Tiger II with a Tiger II is to hit first''' and making sure the hit has a crippling effect on its firing capability (hitting the turret from the front for example, taking out the gunner and commander and possibly hitting ammo). If you happen to get hit like this from a Tiger II your only hope is to get to cover in less than 10 seconds (weapon reload time with an expert crew, maxed out loader and commander is 10.6 seconds) and run away to a safe location to repair since these hits will most likely destroy your turret ring and cannon breech.

You will be engaging the Tiger II with your Tiger II in arcade games for the most part, but also in realistic/simulator squadron battles where it is a very popular tank. Remember to read "how to destroy a Tiger II" below, there are more tips available on this topic there.

====Counter-tactics====

[[File:Tiger II Shooting Guide.jpg|400px|left|thumb|Colour-frames showing the viability of targets on the Königstiger.]]

A Tiger II is a formidable enemy when it's used correctly by its operator, but it's by no means indestructible under any conditions.

The first thing you want to do is deny the Tiger II of the advantage of its gun by getting as close as possible while keeping clear of its cannon (the closer you get, the better the penetration values for you and the Tiger II) most Tiger II operators will avoid getting flanked at all costs so you might find yourself forced to face one from the front. The biggest weak spot is the lower frontal hull plate, its slopped but only 100mm thick and behind it lies the transmission that likes to catch fires and create nasty shrapnel when destroyed, the shrapnel will fly inwards and if your shell is large enough they will take out the entire crew. However, this shot will most likely only leave the Tiger II unable to move for a minute and make his operator quite angry (at you) while his gun remains perfectly operational and before you have a chance reload you will most likely receive a very accurate shot from an irritated Tiger II operator.

The lower frontal plate is a good place to hit but it should be a second option, with this tank, you need to disable that gun as soon as possible, the turret is a very reliable target at close range, even with HEAT ammo you should be able to deliver a shot that will disable its firing capability for long enough for you to reload and shoot again. Using your best AP round for this is recommended since the frontal turret has a fairly thick (but flat) plate, if nothing else works try APCR.

Using high calibre HE rounds is also effective. The cupola is probably the best place to hit with a HE shell, since the explosion will deflect into the thin upper plate and destroy everything inside. It is not easy to hit, but if you manage to hit the cupola it's very unlikely it survives.

The Tiger II is very vulnerable to "Circling attacks", that means, running around it in circles and harass it with side shots. Its turret can turn quite fast (especially in arcade mode) but most medium tanks are fast enough to outrun it.

If you somehow manage to see an enemy Tiger II from the side, try to land a shot in the middle of the hull, near of the turret (not on the turret, the upper part of the hull), there's a good chance there will be ammo there, and if there isn't, you will either knock out the tank by taking out many crew members or cripple it heavily

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Mobility
! Protection
! colspan="2" | Firepower
|-
| I
| Tracks
|
| Parts
| Horizontal Drive
|
|-
| II
| Suspension
| Brake System
| FPE
| Adjustment of Fire
| Hl.Gr 39
|-
| III
| Filters
|
| Crew Replenishment
| Elevation Mechanism
|
|-
| IV
| Transmission
| Engine
|
| PzGr 40/43
| Smoke grenade
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Upper glacis plate is extraordinarily tough, especially at a BR of 6.3. Don't expect anything but APDS or HEAT to get through it
* With its very high muzzle velocity, accuracy, penetration, post penetration damage, and fire rate, the KwK43 88mm cannon loaded with PzGr 39/43 is arguably the best gun at Rank 4
* One can argue that the KwK43 is infact a better overall cannon than the 105mm cannon on the the 10.5 Tiger II. While it doesn't have the post penetration damage of the 105, the KwK43 has nearly double the rate of fire, nearly the same penetration, and is still an APHE round
* PzGr 40/43 shells have extremely high muzzle velocity and armour penetration values at all ranges
* Turret is highly sloped and can cause some shots to bounce
* Good tank for one to master the Tiger II(H) while grinding its modules
* Despite its massive weight of 68 tons, the Tiger II P actually has a high top speed. You'll be right behind the medium tanks when when going into battle
* Provides a good learning curve for later German heavy tanks

'''Cons:'''

* While being sloped, the turret is this tanks biggest weakness. The armour thickness is underwhelming at best. There are even some Rank 2 tanks whose cannon are powerful enough to go right through the front of the turret face
* Unlike most tanks in the game, going hull down is not a valid tactic in this tank.
* If the tank is loaded with anything more than 48 rounds, the back of the turret will have ammunition in it. This can prove to be a fatal mistake
* Angling the turret doesn't always work
* This is a massive heavy tank. So unless you're going at the tanks top speed, don't expect to pull of any quick U-turns to deal with an unexpected threat
* Priority target by planes. Especially when in 6.3 BR games
* Large fuel tanks can cause frequent fires
* With the very low damage and penetration of the HEAT shells, they are essentially pointless to ever take into battle
* Tanks with APDS and HEAT/HEAT-FS, which are becoming increasingly common at its rank, can penetrate the frontal mantlet most of the time, only lower calibre guns can be stopped
* Rarely, if a shell strikes the lower portion of where the barrel and gun mantlet meet, the shell or shell fragments can ricochet off through the turret ring into the crew compartment, crippling or even destroying the vehicle.

== History ==

===Development===
Just before the [[Tiger H1|Tiger I]] entered service in 1942, work has already begun for its successor. In 1937, Henschel was ordered to develop a heavy tank design, with Porsche following suit in 1939. Porsche developed their new heavy tank off of the failed [[VK 45.01 (P)|VK 4501 (P)]], churning out two models designated VK 4502 (P) named Type 180 and 181. The Type 180 had its turret mounted centrally while 181 had the turret mounted on the rear with the engine in the center (akin to the [[Ferdinand|Ferdinand tank destroyer]] layout). Both designs used the same components of the VK 4501 (P) and both designs were visually similar except for the turret locations and some mechanical parts, but these two designs never passed wooden prototypes.

Henschel, on the other hand, used a more conventional design in their tank layout, but the end result look no way similar to their previous heavy tank design [[Tiger E|Tiger I]]. The VK 4503 (H) as designated by them resembled a [[Panther G|Panther]] tank layout, with the transmission in the front along with the driving compartment, the turret in the center, and the engine in the rear. The design used many components from the Panther and the [[Panther II|Panther II]] in order to standardize production. The suspension system was also different from anything produced at the time, though still using a torsion-bar suspension, the wheels were arranged only in the overlapping method, no interleaving. This new ''Schachtellaufwerk'' design simplified maintenance and increased production by using less wheels than interleaved (only 9 each side) and with full-steel wheels that the later Tiger I models used to save rubber. The first wooden mock-up of the design was presented on October 20, 1943 to Hitler, to which it was approved for further development as the '''Panzerkampfwagen Tiger Ausf. B''', or just '''Tiger II''' and '''Tiger B''' for short. The Henschel variant was more advantageous than the Porsche variant for being developed faster and has a faster production rate, thus it was destined to be approved for service. The Henschel design began production in the Henschel plant at Kassal and the first 3 working prototypes were churned out in December 1943. Full-scale production began on January 1944 and continued all the way until March 1945. Due to the late introduction and the amount of resources needed to construct the heavy tanks, only about 482 production models were produced in this time period, considerably less than its predecessor, Tiger I.

===Design===
The Tiger II is just massive in size. Weighing in at 68.5 tons, it is the heaviest tank to see service in World War II, beaten out as heaviest serving vehicle by the [[Jagdtiger|Jagdtiger]], which weighs 71.7 tons. The Tiger II front armour is 150 mm thick, and this is without sloping, with which it would be more than 200 mm thick ineffective. The thick front glacis armour was never penetrated by any Allied tank throughout the entire war. The side and rear armour is still 80 mm, which presented a weaker target, but still formidable at longer ranges. The gun on the Tiger II was the famous 8.8 cm KwK 43, which could defeat all Allied armour in World War II. The gun is sighted by the gunner with a ''Turmzielfernrohr 9d'' monocular sight that allows two magnifications, 2.5x and 5x. In practice, the gun is able to hit a target under 1 kilometers away 100% of the time.

The turret on this Tiger II is the production turret model by Krupp, colloquially known as the "Henschel" turret (hence the "H" in the name) despite that the Henschel company had no influence on the Krupp turret design. This turret replaced the flawed prototype ''[[Tiger II (P)|"Porsche" turret]]'', also by Krupp. The production model was a simplified turret, using more flat surfaces and a sleeker shape for easier production. The previously curved front of the turret is made into a thickened flat face that presents no shot trap and the protruding commander's cupola was flattened into the design. The turret is powered and could rotate under two settings, high and low. In low, the turret could be rotated a full 360 degrees in 60 seconds, and the same in 19 seconds at high. Though the engine could allow the turret to traverse in 10 seconds in full power, but this was not recommended to avoid straining the engine. The turret traverse is powered by pedals or a lever by the gunner and is fine enough with these methods that small adjustments with the manual traverse hand wheels are not necessary.

The Tiger II was still propelled by the V-12 Maybach HL230 gasoline engine, which powered the lighter [[Panther G|Panther]] and [[Tiger E|Tiger I]]. The increased weight of the tank made the engine underpowered, requiring extra care to make sure the engine does not fail. Despite that, the tank was capable of reaching a maximum speed of 41.5 kilometers per hour, making the Tiger II quite agile for its weight. However, the Tiger II consumes exorbitant amount of fuel and requires extensive maintenance to keep running, which impedes its combat effectiveness in the whole strategic viewpoint as it only had an operational range of about 120 kilometer per hour on cross country terrain. The heavyweight also causes multiple mechanical issues in the tank, the drive train is overburdened as it was intended for a lighter vehicle and multiple breakdowns were experienced in early Tiger II models. Though, these issues were ironed out over time with improvements, but still persist due to lack of supplies to maintain the tanks.

===Combat usage===
The Tiger II is organized into heavy tank battalions (''Schwere Panzer Abteilungen'') in the Wehrmacht and SS units, who first received them by February 1944. A standard battalion would have 45 Tiger IIs, with three in command and 14 in each of the three companies. A total of 14 battalions were employed during World War II in the Heer and SS, 11 assigned to the Heers and 3 to the SS. The original role of heavy tank battalions was to engage, breakthrough and destroy enemy armour on the offensive, but the changing war situation saw their role relegated to the defensive. The Tiger II's first recorded combat action was in the 1st Company of 503rd Heavy Panzer Battalion in Normandy in July 1944, fighting back the Canadians during their offensive in Operation Atlantic, three Tiger IIs were lost, two from combat and one from becoming irrecoverable after falling into a bomb crater. However, by the end of the Normandy Campaign, all of the Tiger IIs in the 503rd were lost. The 501st Heavy Panzer Battalion had the Tiger II see first action in the Eastern Front on August 1944, where it resisted the Soviet Lvov-Sandomierz Offensive. It was here on the road to Oględów in August 12, 1944 that an ambush by a few [[T-34-85]]s destroyed three Tiger IIs easily and some more disabled. The destroyed Tiger IIs were attributed to ammunition explosions. Due to this incident, it was ordered that the crew do not store the cannon ammunition in the turret, though the enforcement of this order varies between units. Still, 16 Tiger IIs in the 501st became disabled or destroyed in a span of more than two weeks.

The Tiger II also played a part in Operation Panzerfaust, where the 503rd Battalion was stationed in Hungary to ensure it stayed in the Axis Alliance. These tanks stayed for 166 days and claimed a large number of Soviet vehicle kills for the loss of 25 Tiger IIs. The Tiger II continued to see action in most of the offensive and defensive actions in the last few months of World War II, such as in the Ardennes Offensive in December 1944, the Soviet Vistula-Oder and East Prussian Offensives in January 1945, and the German Lake Balaton Offensive in March 1945, Battle of the Seelow Heights in April 1945, and the Battle of Berlin that lasted until VE Day.

Tiger II's performance in battle was quite favourable in firepower and achieved a disproportionate kill-loss ratio. The 503rd SS Battalion claimed 500 kills for the loss of 45 Tiger IIs in the time span of January to April 1945. However, most of the Tiger II's losses were due to mechanical breakdowns or lack of fuel, so the crew abandoned these tanks and destroyed them to avoid enemy capture. Ultimately, however, while these tanks proved a menace in the battlefield, its overall strategic effect to the war is negligible like its predecessor due to the low number available.

===Survivors===
Today, there are 10 Tiger IIs in varying conditions left in the world. The most well known is the one at Musée des Blindés museum at Samur, France. This Tiger II is the only working version left in the world, this variant has the "Henschel" turret attached. Other notable places around the world that have the Tiger II is at the Bovington Tank Museum at England (which has a Porsche and a Henschel variant), Kubinka Tank Museum at Russia, and the (future) National Armor and Cavalry Museum in America.

=== In-game description ===
In August 1942, the companies Nibelungenwerke, led by Ferdinand Porsche, and Henschel & Sohn AG, under the direction of Erwin Aders, received technical specifications for a tank with thicker armor than the Tiger I, placed at the same large angles of inclination as that on the T-34.

After testing, Porsche's prototype was rejected. However, by this point, 50 turrets had already been produced for the model. It was decided that these turrets would be used to equip the first 50 tanks with Henschel's hull design, which had equipment for underwater traversing. Porsche's turrets had a streamlined shape, and the commander's cupola was accommodated by a curved bulge on the turret's side. The turret's frontal armor had a thickness of 107 mm. All Tiger II(P) tanks had anti-magnetic Zimmerit paste applied on their vertical surfaces.

The first set of tanks, new vehicles with the Porsche turrets received on March 14, 1944, became the 316th company of the Panzer Lehr. Five tanks fought with the Panzer Lehr on the Western Front. The remaining tanks were received by the 503rd heavy tank battalion, which fought on the Western Front until 1944. After this, the two still-intact Tiger II(P) tanks fought in the battalion's battles on the Eastern Front during the autumn and winter of 1944–1945.

Thick armor plates, positioned at high angles of inclination, provided the tank very high protection against the majority of the anti-tank weapons of the time. However, the vehicle's high weight and lack of engine power caused the Tiger II to have low ride quality and overall low reliability. A serious drawback of the Porsche turret was its streamlined front, which was prone to making projectiles ricochet into the roof of the tank's hull.

The major opponent of the Tiger II(P) on the Western Front was enemy aircraft. Also, many vehicles were lost as a result of mechanical failure.

== Media ==


;Skins

Camouflages and skins for the Tiger B (H) from live.warthunder.com.

* [http://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?q=%23tiger_b #tiger_b]
* [http://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?q=%23pzkpfw_vi_ausf_b_tiger_iih #pzkpfw_vi_ausf_b_tiger_iih]
* [http://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?q=%23tiger_ii #tiger_ii] The entirety fo Tiger B skins, but containing Porsche turret versions too. Lookout for the ''boxy'' turret for the correct camouflage.

;Sights

* [https://live.warthunder.com/post/675135/en/ RideR2's Realistic gunsight (TZF4a, TZF 5a/b/d/e/f/f2, TZF 9b/b1/c/d, TZF 12/a) for Pzkpfw II, Pzkpfw III, Pzkpfw IV, Pzkpfw V, Pzkpfw VI]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|l1DTj5x40CY|'''The Shooting Range #57''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 07:03 discusses the two turrets of the Tiger II.|MOFu6PoiseE|'''Crouching Tiger, Hidden...OH TITS! Fun & Intense Tank Battle!''' - ''BaronVonGamez''|yn2q0E5vxqk|'''Sound Recording: Tiger II''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


* [[Tiger II (H)]]
* [[IS-2 (1944)]]

== External links ==


* Text of this page was written for the [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/232511-competition-wt-wiki-combat-training-closed/ Wiki competition "Combat training"] by [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/user/559224-remiak/ Remiak] [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/233326-wikicontest-panzerkampfwagen-tiger-ausf-b/ Link to original contest entry article.]
*[http://www.tankmuseum.org/museum-online/vehicles/object-e1952-33 Page of the Bovington Tank Museum on the "Sd Kfz 182 Panzerkampfwagen VI Ausf B (E1952.33)"]

{{Germany heavy tanks}}