War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

Neustrashimy

2024-07-29T11:22:36Z

U91234167: My friend just watched Neu disappear from the ingame tech tree's premium section like 10 minutes ago and had images to back it up lol and it's the 29th today so I assume the offer ended and the ship disappeared

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_destroyer_pr41_neustrashimy
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was the sole ship of the Project 41 Neustrashimy-class destroyers, the first Soviet post-WWII destroyer design. Neustrashimy was to be a prototype for further series of ships. Unfortunately this never happened as she was deemed too big for serial production. A modified design which resulted in [[Pr.56 (Family)|Project 56 (Kotlin class)]] was chosen instead. The Neustrashimy was also the first Soviet ship to receive a NATO designation as the Tallinn-class. Neustrashimy was laid down on 5th July 1950 and commissioned on 31st January 1955. She was assigned to the Baltic Fleet and served there until 22nd February 1974 when she was decommissioned and sold for scrap.

Neustrashimy was introduced in [[Update 1.97 "Viking Fury"]] as a GE {{ge}} premium. Unusually for a destroyer, her bridge is protected by 20 mm thick antifragmentation armour, and her magazines are under the waterline, making them protected from direct fire unless the shells hit from a distance at an angle. Neustrashimy is also equipped with air search and track radar capable of tracking targets up to 150 km away, alerting captains of any incoming air threat in advance. Her four quadruple 45 mm autocannons coupled with HE-VT shells in the main armament can then make short work of any bomber. Neustrashimy is also equipped with two quintuple 533 mm torpedo launchers firing 53-39 torpedoes with maximum speed of 94 km/h and range of 4 km.

Neustrashimy was removed from sale due to the [[wt:en/news/6915-development-fleet-research-changes-and-the-first-battleships|fleet research changes]] in [[Update "New Power"]]. It was briefly made available for purchase with Golden Eagles {{ge}} for the [[wt:ru/news/15831-akciya-den-vmf-rossii-ru|2022]], [[wt:en/news/8377-special-stroyny-and-neustrashimy-for-golden-eagles-en|2023]] and 2024 on Russian Navy Day (28th of June).

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

As the father of the Pr. 56, the armour is lacklustre and will be only able to withstand low calibre fire and small amounts of explosive fragmentation. The bridge, turrets and smoke funnels have 10 mm anti fragmentation armour, meaning they will be prompt to be damaged or even destroyed by 12.7 mm or 20 mm armour piercing rounds. When it comes to components, it is almost impossible to make an ammo explosion in the Pr. 41 as the ammunition is below the waterline, meaning only armour piercing rounds impacting below the waterline or torpedoes will be able to create an ammo explosion. When it comes to air threats (machine gun strafes, rockets, bombs), the Pr. 41 will be able to survive them with some exceptions of bombs. Bombs that land in a 0-40 m radius of the ships can cause fatal damage (it will also depend on the type of bomb, weight, TNT equivalent, etc).

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

The Pr. 41, as a "modern" destroyer of 1955, changes completely the doctrine of previous destroyers, meaning it compensates armour with speed. It is not able to reach speeds like the Pr. 56 due to being longer and heavier while using the same engines. However, it can reach speeds of ~65 km/h, making it terrifyingly fast for a ship of its size and firepower, almost on par with coastal fleet frigates and sub-chasers ([[Albatros]], [[SKR-7]], etc). It is more than capable of reaching the battlefield faster than other destroyers and will outrun cruisers and battleships. When it comes to manoeuvrability, it leaves nothing to expect. It is able to do tight turns (relatively tight turns but with greater speed than other destroyers) as well as accelerate and decelerate quickly.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|130 mm/58 SM-2-1 (130 mm)}}

The Pr. 41 is armed with 4 x 130 mm/58 SM-2-1 semi automatic cannons divided into 2 dual-mount turrets, capable of decimating enemy vessels in seconds, including heavy cruisers. The 130 mm cannons have access to 3 types of shells, HE, SAPCBC and HE-VT. It is recommended that the captain gets access to the SAPCBC as it has the penetration of an APCBC shell but the explosive power of an HE shell. HE-VT are an extra when it comes to air defence. They will decimate any enemy plane with an airbust but they are only recommended to be used when attacking low speed aircraft (like bombers) at long ranges (past 10 km) as the relative low fire rate (15 RPM) and targeting speed will cause issues engaging faster aircraft (fighters or even attackers). It should be noted the 130 mm can be used with the tracking radar the destroyer has.

{{:130 mm/58 SM-2-1 (130 mm)/Ammunition|130 mm OF-42 HE, 130 mm PB-42 SAP, 130 mm ZS-42R HE-VT}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|45 mm/89 SM-20-ZIF (45 mm)}}

The Pr. 41 is armed with 16 x 45 mm/89 SM-20-ZIF automatic cannons divided into 4 quad-mounted turrets, capable of shredding anything but cruisers. It should be noted that the turrets displacement is different to the Pr. 56. While the Pr. 56 has the turrets in a cross shape (+, a turret in front of the bridge behind the bow turret, two turrets parallel to the bridge and a final turret behind the bridge), the Pr. 41 have this turrets parallel (=) to the ship's bridge. This displacement, while being a minor difference, change how the 45 mm can be used. The parallel arrange makes the 45 mm capable of firing completely in front or behind of the ship without having a dead zone due to 130 mm turrets blocking your LoS (line of sight). The 45 mm cannons only have access to HE, meaning they will do little to no damage to heavily armoured targets even at point blank range. The 45 mm are your main line of defence against light and medium armoured vessels as the fast rate of fire (0.4-second reload) will cause fatal damage with even just one burst. They are also your main line of defence against any aircraft at any range from 0 to 10 km (AI gunners will not engage targets past ~10 km. It is also the max range of the tracking radar). They will destroy incoming enemy aircraft within seconds. The captain is able to control them manually and use the tracking radar to engage air targets manually. It is recommended to let the AI gunners engage the targets when the threat is closer than 5 km as the captain will be able to focus on more threatening enemies (other vessels or even aircraft). When letting AI gunners engage targets, be aware of which targeting setting is set (airborne and surface, airborne, surface, none) as each turret will only engage one target at a time.

* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|HEF|High-explosive fragmentation}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-T*|High-explosive fragmentation tracer (self-destroying)}}

{{:45 mm/89 SM-20-ZIF (45 mm)/Ammunition|HEF-T*, HEF}}

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|53-39 (533 mm)|RBU-2500}}

The Pr. 41 is armed with 2 5-tube torpedo launchers. Contrary to the Pr. 56, the Pr. 41 is armed with the 53-39 torpedoes and not 53-56 torpedoes. They have a max range of 4 km (10 km with torpedo mode) and can be used at almost point blank, the torpedo must travel 50 m at minimum to be armed (most of the time "point blank" engagements will be between 100-500 m). Depending on the map, game mode and captain's discretion, torpedo depth can be adjusted in order to achieve multiple tasks.

'''1-meter depth''' - This is the most universal depth used for all types of engagements, being in deep water or at shallow waters. This depth is capable of hitting all sorts of vessels, including PT boats. The main downside is that enemy ships can see the water trail made by the torpedo which can make enemy vessels evade or fire at the torpedo.

'''4-meter depth''' - This is the recommended depth when on deep water trying to do long range sneaky engagements to big ships (most of them have bulkheads more than 4 m under the waterline). This is one of the riskier techniques as there is no way to launch them on shallow waters (most shallow water maps have water depth of 2-3 m). Only the captain and the team will be able to see the torpedo symbol while traveling close to them and it will not leave any visible water trail compared to the 1 meter depth torpedo.

The Pr. 41 rounds off the armament with four RBU-2500 anti-submarine rocket launchers, each carrying 12 rockets to total 48. As being rockets they have a limited effective engagement range, high arcs of fire and are very hard to aim in conjunction with primary weapons, however should a small boat decide to get too close or should you decide to engage a target at point-blank range, the barrage of 26 kg warheads smashing into the superstructure and hull of the hostile ship will almost certainly cripple it, if not outright sink it.

=== Radar ===
[[File:Radar interface Pr. 35.png|thumb|Pr. 41 radar display. Dark green: within targeting radar angle Light green: targeting radar dead zone]]
The Pr. 41 has access to a Fut-N air/surface search radar and Sfera-56 fire control radar, unique for this vessel. The Fut-N is located on top of the mizzen mast (rear mast). Sfera-56 in front of the main mast is located on top of the bridge (refer to picture). Enemy pilots are often unaware of the presence of the radar as they are uncommon in-game, use surprise to your advantage. Radars can give you a huge advantage with situational awareness as no plane will be able to catch you unsuspected. Be aware of radar interference (mountains, trees, tall structures in general) as they will affect both your search and tracking radar. There are blind spots with the radars which pilots can exploit but most of them will not do so as radars are uncommon in battles. As previously stated, tracking radar can be used to manually engage targets. It is recommended to use tracking radar when engaging immediate threats the gunners are not engaging or low speed flying aircraft at long ranges (bombers). Most of the time, the use of tracking radar will not be necessary as gunners will take care of aircraft while the captain is engaging enemy vessels.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" |Fut-N - Air/surface Search Radar
|-
!{{Annotation|Maximum Detection Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}
!{{Annotation|Guaranteed Detection Range|The range, below which, detection of a target is practically guaranteed}}
!{{Annotation|Max Azimuth Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
!{{Annotation|Max Elevation Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
|-
| 120,000 m || 10,000 m || 360° || 0°/+75°
|-
! colspan="4" |Sfera-56 - Fire Control Radar
|-
!{{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
!{{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
!{{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
!{{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
|-
| 10,000 m || 100 m || 315° || 0°/+80°
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The Pr. 41 is a Cold War destroyer and thus, it should not be used as a WW2 destroyer as the armour is lacklustre and RPM is limited compared to some cruisers and destroyers. Thus, the Pr. 41 should be used as a support and anti-air ship. The powerful 130 mm are able to decimate destroyers and even cruisers in minutes, specially if the SAP round is used. The high speed and agility make it a decent runner when facing enemy ships and capping points. The torpedo can be formidable if used correctly, not only for the fact they are able to destroy whatever it hits but also because they are hard to aim due to the distances the Pr. 41 has to navigate in order to get into a decent launch distance. The 45 mm should be used as secondary weapons for everything but sinking heavily armoured ships. They are able to decimate light vessels in seconds as well as planes. For this same reason, the Pr. 41 should be used as an anti-air flagship as it is able to detect and engage enemy planes in a range of 130 km. Absolutely no aircraft will surprise the Pr. 41 while the search radar is active. The Pr. 41, when used in Enduring Confrontation events, is the most reliable and "Jack-of-all-trades" ship seen in-game. Not only because it is able to dominate the skies but also because it is able to decimate enemy convoys within seconds with the firepower and torpedoes, specially if said convoys are unarmed cargo ships.

Absolutely no battleship should be engaged with the 130 mm as they are mediocre and most of the time useless. However, they can damage and destroy outer modules like turrets, bridge, and smoke funnels, and can start fires. When facing heavily armoured vessels, torpedoes are a must as they will be your only reliable weapon against them. The Pr. 41 should zig-zag when being fired at as a single salvo is more than enough to instantly destroy you. Zig-zagging reduces the chances the enemy has to hit and due to the long reload, the Pr. 41 is able to close distance and fire torpedoes.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Radar lock makes it easier for player to target aircraft with the primary and secondary weapons
* Rather small profile for its battle rating - more difficult to hit

'''Cons:'''

* Light armour protection is insufficient against common opponents

== History ==


=== [[wt:en/news/6649-development-the-neustrashimy-destroyer-a-superdestroyer-en|Devblog]] ===
On January 26th, 1952, a Project 41 destroyer named Andrey Aleksandrovich Zhdanov embarked on sea trials from the Leningrad Shipyard. It was the first of more than a hundred planned ships that were intended for operation in distant maritime zones.

But this impressive major ship series did not see the light of day, and not because the ship proved to be bad. In fact, it was the opposite! The Neustrashimy was so "stuffed" with multiple innovations that it proved to be too complex for the shipbuilding enterprises of the time, as well as for its operators, the navy. For this reason, the ship was converted into a platform for testing various naval innovations and modernisations. In 1960, one of these innovations practically doubled the number of 45 mm automatic anti-aircraft guns.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_destroyer_pr41_neustrashimy Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:PR.41 Neustrashimy WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:PR.41 Neustrashimy WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:PR.41 Neustrashimy WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:PR.41 Neustrashimy WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:PR.41 Neustrashimy WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:PR.41 Neustrashimy WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
</gallery>

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6649-development-the-neustrashimy-destroyer-a-superdestroyer-en|[Devblog] The Neustrashimy destroyer: a "superdestroyer"]]

{{ShipManufacturer Zhdanov Shipyard}}
{{USSR destroyers}}
{{USSR premium ships}}

KV-85

2024-05-16T10:21:36Z

U91234167: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_kv_85
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''KV-85''' is the heavily modified sixth variant of the [[KV-1 (Family)|KV-1 heavy tank family]]. It was a stopgap design comprised of a modified [[KV-1S]] hull connected to an IS-85 ([[IS-1]]) turret and mounted with an 85 mm D-5T tank gun. By the middle of the Second World War, all existing KV-1 variants were considered obsolete. Its firepower was less effective than it had been in the early war. To fight the increasingly strong German tanks, the Soviet Union required a new heavy tank with enhanced firepower. By 1943, there were 21 heavy tank designs, but they were all cancelled due to assessments of weak firepower and poor mobility, which cost the Red Army dearly. The final KV-1 variant, the KV-1S, exacerbated things by being a substantially inferior tank that attempted to balance two opposed attributes: armour and speed. Kotin divided his TsKB-2 department in two in order to speed up the development of heavy tanks. The first team chose to upgrade the KV-1S variant, while the second began work on the IS-85 (later renamed IS-1), a considerably better balance of speed and armour. The original KV-85 design was substantially different from the one that was ultimately adopted. It was a slightly modified KV-1S with a forcibly mounted 85 mm D-5T tank gun in a KV-1S cast turret. There appears to have been only one prototype, which was found unsatisfactory. This is probably owing to the shortage of turret space. Fortunately, the IS-85 turret was available at this point, but not the IS hull. Due to severe technical delays in IS-85 manufacturing as well as urgent needs for more heavy tanks with heavier weaponry, a new tank was created by modifying an existing KV-1S chassis and putting an IS-85 turret on top. The KV-85 was accepted for service by the State Defense Committee on August 8th, immediately after trials, resulting in 148 KV-85s being constructed as a stopgap from September to December at Chelyabinsk. The fifth crew member (the radio operator) was no longer required due to increased demand for larger ammunition racks (70 rounds) and the size of the gun breech.

Introduced in the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before Update 1.41, the KV-85 is a unique heavy tank with significantly increased firepower when compared to the standard variants of the KV-1 heavy tank family. However, when faced with foes of its rank, the KV-85 armour will provide limited protection against other hostile vehicles. With only 75 mm front and 60 mm side armour, practically all adversaries and ammunition will pass through with ease. In comparison to other heavy tanks on the market, the KV-85's handling and combat style is very similar to the IS-1, making it an excellent jack-of-all-trades heavy tank: fast rate of fire, lighter weight, adequate mobility, fast turret traverse speed, fast targeting, good ammunition penetration, and explosive filler. Despite its limits, a skilled and experienced player of this vehicle may regularly tip the balance in their favour regardless of the battlefield, making the best use of the firepower while limiting the exposure of vulnerabilities at the same time.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


The armour of the KV-85 is overall ineffective. Frontally, it does retain the 75 mm hull armour of the original KV-1, and a new 100 mm thick turret, but it can only be effective in a downtier against tanks with weak cannons. For the turret, the middle sections of the gun mantlet and turret cheeks can all be penetrated with ease, but outward sections will have very high effective thickness. This level of armour is inadequate to resist higher-tier opponents. The main weak spot of the KV-85 comes from the hull side. To house the larger turret ring for an 85 mm gun, there are 2 unapparent bulges right below the turret, 1 on each side. They are only 40 mm thick meaning even SPAA and low tier light tanks can easily penetrate there and result in the turret crew being cleaned or an ammo detonation. Due to this design flaw the KV-85 cannot angle, reducing its armour protection significantly. Roof armour is between 30-40 mm, which is not strong considering that around this BR there are some attackers equipped with high-penetrating cannons such as the [[Me 410 B-2/U4]] and [[Hs 129 B-3]], however these planes are not likely to perform vertical diving runs, rather they usually shallow dive, and your side armour is quite sturdy.

Post-penetration survivability is not good as the turret crew sit very close together, making them vulnerable to any explosive shells. The driver's port and gun mantlet has a chance to get penetrated without setting off a shell's fuse, creating minimal shrapnel.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, gun mantlet, turret roof)
* Cast homogeneous armour (turret, turret cheeks, cupola, rear MG port)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 75 mm (30°) ''Upper plate'' 75 mm (70°) ''Upper glacis'' 25 mm (25-70°) ''Joint plate'' 75 mm (26-50°) ''Lower glacis'' || 60 mm 40 mm ''Turret base''|| 40 mm (cylindrical) ''Top'' 75 mm (cylindrical) ''Bottom'' || 40 mm (0-8°) 30 mm ''Radiator vents''
|-
| Turret || 100 mm (spherical) ''Turret front'' 100 mm (cylindrical) ''Gun mantlet'' || 100 mm (8-20°) || 100 mm (12-34°) 120 + 30 mm (spherical) ''MG port'' || 30 mm (0-3°) 35 mm ''Loader hatch''
|-
| Cupola || colspan="3" style="text-align:center" | 82 mm (cylindrical) || 82 mm ''Outer ring'' 35 mm ''Centre''
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick and tracks are 30 mm thick.
* A 45 mm thick piece of armour lays on the boundary of the gun mantlet.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=775|rbMinHp=531}}

The KV-85's mobility is average for a heavy tank of its weight and size. Although it has a similar 600 hp engine and a matching weight with the earlier [[KV-1S]], its top speed is significantly lower, at 34 km/h. Still, the average top speed on most terrain remains similar, at around 30 km/h. The KV-85 does start to feel more sluggish when accelerating and turning comparing to the more agile KV-1S, even on concrete roads, but this is beneficial for getting prepared for the later IS series tanks. A forward/backward acceleration is often needed prior to turning if the player wants to traverse the hull faster in response to flankers. The reverse speed is good at around 13 km/h, far better than other tanks like T-34 and Panther.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|D-5T (85 mm)}}

The KV-85, as the name suggests, is armed with a 85 mm D-5T cannon, the same gun as on the [[T-34-85 (D-5T)|early T-34-85]]. Its standard BR-365K APHE shell has very good penetration, damage, and adequate velocity and shell drop, making it a nice jack-of-all-trades round. The unlockable BR-365A goes further in terms of explosive fillers and penetration against sloped armour, and can penetrate tough tanks such as the [[M4A3E2]] and [[Panzer V Panther (Family)|Panther]] at surprising angles, making it the backbone ammo of Soviet tanks around this BR. Both shells have no problem knocking out common opponents with a single shot. However, unlike the T-34-85, the KV-85 does not have access to APCR, but it generally does not face tanks that are too well protected (e.g. [[Tiger II (Family)|Tiger II]], [[M26 (Family)|M26]]) while the T-34 has to.

While the cannon and ammunition make great firepower, the poor gun handling brings the firepower down. The gun depression is an awful -3 degrees, so the KV-85 can barely fight in a flat urban environment. Any sort of slope will prevent the player from aiming down at a target. The vertical and horizontal targeting speeds are not very fast too. The gunsight only has a maximum zoom of 3.5x, forcing the KV-85 to engage targets at a closer distance.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[D-5T (85 mm)|85 mm D-5T]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 70 || rowspan="2" | -3°/+23° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 11.3 || 15.7 || 19.0 || 21.1 || 22.4 || rowspan="2" | 9.62 || rowspan="2" | 8.51 || rowspan="2" | 7.84 || rowspan="2" | 7.40
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.3 || 9.8 || 11.9 || 13.2 || 14.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:D-5T (85 mm)/Ammunition|BR-365K, BR-365A, O-365K}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''70''' || 66 ''(+4)'' || 51 ''(+19)'' || 46 ''(+24)'' || 41 ''(+29)'' || 29 ''(+41)'' || 17 ''(+53)'' || 11 ''(+59)'' || 1 ''(+69)'' || No
|-
|}
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
'''Notes''':

* Shells in racks 1 to 7 are modeled by sets of 5 or 6 and are modeled as a set of 10 in rack 8.
* Shells disappear from the rack after all shells in the set having been shot or loaded.
* Turret empty: 51 (+19) shells.
* Turret and flanks empty: 41 (+29) shells.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|DT (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[DT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm DT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,890 (63) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

The small calibre of the DT machine gun makes it largely ineffective against all armoured vehicles but the ones with an open compartment. It still can be used to ping targets as a rangefinding help or to mow down minor obstacles blocking your line of sight. The clip capacity is quite poor as it relies on a magazine of 63 bullets instead of a belt like similar machine guns from other nations.

== Usage in battles ==

At its rank and battle rating, the KV-85's armour is no longer up to par against newer and more powerful weapon systems of opposition vehicles it will face. Although unlike the [[IS-1]] successor of which is unable to protect itself by angling due to the rounded turret mount causing a vulnerability, the KV-85 has less of this issue as the entire front portion of the front and lower-plate is designed to be straight and rectangular and allowing it to deflect or ricochet some shots when angled optimally. The tactical usage and efficiency sit somewhere between the IS-1 and the [[T-34-85 (D-5T)]]; it is almost as armoured to par as the IS-1 in some aspects but is not as fast as the T-34-85 whilst still retaining the same armaments. Although of an older design, the KV-85 makes a crude, yet still effective jack-of-all-trades vehicle sufficient in holding its own on the battlefield in many situations by experienced users.

Another significant note of this vehicle is its considerably fast reverse rate, the second highest of its rank and battle rating for the nation's heavy tank line, topping at 14 km/h behind the [[IS-1]]'s 17 km/h. Players can use this advantage to cross from cover to cover whilst engaging hostile targets or to make a tactical retreat. During situations where close-quarters engagement is expected, an unorthodox strategy can be utilized when the operator of the KV tank re-positions the vehicle 180 degrees and drive in reverse towards the enemy. By driving in reverse with the rear facing the opposition, the engine blocks make a crude yet somewhat effective shield and protecting the more delicate crew. Many opponents the KV-85 will face will fire APHE as its main ammunition armament; the engine blocks and fuel tanks act as spaced-armour and causing APHE to detonate prematurely prior to reaching the crew compartment. In situations where the operator wants the best chance of victory in a 'round-the-corner' head on engagement, the surviving crew after a first-shot volley may be given the opportunity for a retaliatory strike and second-volley after being hit. This tactic should only be utilized in a case-by-case situation basis where it is an absolute necessity, as the engine compartment will almost certainly catch fire when struck. This is of little consequence if the user has Fire Extinguisher equipped. Be aware that this tactic is not suitable against opponents who fire solid-shot armour piercing shells such as certain British and American vehicles, as these will go straight through the rear, into the crew compartment and out the other side without stopping.

Although equally capable and effective in operating alone, the KV-85 also operates efficiently with other friendly vehicles. Of note are vehicles that act as bullet magnets such as the [[Churchill Mk VII]] with its heavy armour and large target to act as a distraction or to soak up shots, whilst the user of the KV-85 or other friendly vehicles may trail behind it and fire off shots 'over-the-shoulder' to dispatch more powerful opponents of which the guns of the Churchill may have difficulty dealing damage against.

Japanese tanks faced by the KV-85 are of little concern as their armour protection is largely inferior, as well as being relatively rare to tanks of other nations. Vehicles of American and British of the same Rank and Battle Rating are also less of a concern as their weapons and armour (excluding the Churchill Mk VII) are also generally inferior to some extent. When situation persists, hostile vehicles of German and Soviet origins should be prioritized first. Tiger tanks should be targeted 'between-the-eyes' of the front plate between the MG and driver's viewport, or to the left or right side of the same front plate to set off ammunition racks. All Panzers models IV and below are of little concern - a single shot anywhere and everywhere will almost always guarantee to penetrate and destroy them. The [[Panther D|Panther]] of which it may occasionally face will be invulnerable in its sloped front plate. Target instead of the turret, or flank to the side and destroy with a single APHE shot.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good firepower with the 85 mm gun
* Fast targeting and tracking
* High rate of fire
* Rectangular armour shape allows for good angling effectiveness
* Good mobility, identical to [[KV-1 (L-11)]]
* Significantly fast reverse speed
* Player skill compatibility between older and newer T-34, KV and IS models

'''Cons:'''

* Insufficient armour to deal with peer threats
* The side hull armor under the turret is only 40mm as opposed to the usual 60mm, thus making angling much less effective
* Poor gun depression of -3°
* Large gun turret silhouette and profile
* Max speed relatively slow and inferior compared to contemporary tanks
* Poor survivability with a crew count of 4
* Vehicle center hull is a mass of ammunition, fuel, and crew that can all be damaged with a shot to the area

== History ==

During World War II, the USSR developed the KV-85 (originally known as Object 239) as an interim heavy tank solution to counter the emerging German Wehrmacht Panther medium tank. The Panther is a ground-breaking design that provides an excellent balance of mobility, protection, and firepower. It proved to be more than a match for the early T-34 medium tank.

===Development===
The KV-85 is an interesting combination of several tanks: it is a KV-1S chassis with an Object 237 (IS-85; later known as IS-1) turret that was still in development, while mounting an early version of the 85 mm (D-5T) gun. The 85 mm gun, capable of penetrating the Tiger I from 1,000 m, was a vast improvement over the previous 76 mm F-34 gun. However, production is extremely limited, with only 148 built between August and October 1943 as more resources are allocated to developing Object 237. Because the armament of choice was the 85 mm D-5T gun (the same model as fitted to the SU-85), the new stopgap heavy tank was eventually designated the KV-85. Lessons learned during the development and operational use of the KV-85 paved the way for the creation of a Soviet war classic - the IS heavy tank series.

Although the KV-85 was an excellent improvement over the previous KV-1 and T-34, capable of engaging Tigers and Panthers on relatively equal terms, it was designed from the start to be a stopgap tank, and thus was built in limited numbers. The Object 237 was completed later and entered service as the IS-85 (later changed to IS-1) in the autumn and winter of 1943-44. When the more powerful IS-2 version was developed, production of the IS-1 was eventually halted by the spring of 1944.

===Replacement===
The KV tank series was eventually succeeded by the Iosef Stalin (IS) series heavy tanks in 1943, with the first IS-1, which featured the same turret and 85 mm gun as the KV tank series.

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
This tank was created based on the KV-1S due to delays in the IS-1's development. It was equipped with the turret developed for the IS-1 with an enlarged traverse circle, strengthened armour and an 85 mm cannon. The new vehicle was the next step on the path to creating a heavy tank significantly different from a medium tank not only in its armour, but in its firepower as well. The new cannon required a new ammo rack, and the ammunition complement had to be reduced to 70 shells. The tank's main armament was an 85 mm D-5T-85 cannon with a rate of fire of up to 8 shots per minute. Standard ammunition for the 85 mm Mod. 1939 air defence gun was used in the cannon. Instead of a frontal machine gun, a fixed bow machine gun was installed in a socket mount to the right of the driver, which he used to lay down unaimed fire. This allowed the gunner/radio officer to be removed from the crew. Part of the ammunition complement and an additional fuel tank were installed in his place.

Owing to the fact that the tank was an intermediate model, it was manufactured for a relatively short time. In total, 130 of them were made.

KV-85 tanks served in guards assault tank regiments. The first regiment of these new tanks reached the front as early as the first days of September 1943 during battles to liberate Left-bank Ukraine. Alongside other vehicles, the heavy tank was tasked with breaking through enemy positions and fighting armoured vehicles. When used correctly, it could oppose the newest German heavy tanks, which previously technically surpassed it. The tank had insufficient hull armour for the end of 1943, providing adequate defence only against German guns below with a calibre below 75 mm.

The KV-85 was an important intermediate link between pre-war heavy tank designs and the powerful IS tanks built to replace them.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_kv_85 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Sights

* [https://live.warthunder.com/post/682644/en/ RideR2's Realistic and semi-realistic gunsight reticles for Soviet vehicles.]
* [https://live.warthunder.com/post/1037413/en/ Caff_Gunner's (Soviet) Historical and semi-historical gun reticles.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|PUw2CQ8e0lE|'''Best Combo #1''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 2:47 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[KV-1 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/soviet/soviet_KV-85.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> KV-85]

{{TankManufacturer ChTZ}}
{{USSR heavy tanks}}

Matilda III

2024-03-10T09:55:08Z

U91234167: /* Ammo racks */ I checked in test drive

{{About
| about = British heavy tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Matilda (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_a_12_mk_2_matilda_2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (or just '''{{Specs|pseudonym}}''') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British heavy tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.55 "Royal Armour"]] along with the rest of the initial British Ground Forces Tree. The {{Specs|pseudonym}} in the game reflects its real-life counterpart with its extreme slow speed, but formidable front armour.

The Matilda is a great character on the battlefield. The name and its historical significance makes the Matilda a more noteworthy target than your teammates. The Matilda should be played like most other heavy tanks, absorbing damage for your team mates and dealing damage against the enemy as they try to penetrate your armour. Stay away from the front line to maximise armour effectiveness with distance.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Cast homogeneous armour (Front hull, Turret, Side top)
* Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull side, Hull rear, Hull roof)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 75 mm (0-7°) ''Front plate'' 22-47 mm (69°) ''Front glacis'' 22-78 mm (12-46°) ''Joint area'' 22 mm + 40 mm (56°) ''Lower glacis'' || 70 mm (21-26°) ''Top'' 40 + 25 mm ''Bottom''|| 20 mm (32-79°) ''Top'' 55 mm (25°) ''Bottom'' || 20 mm 35 mm ''Driver's port''
|-
| Turret || 75 mm (1-48°) ''Turret front'' 75 mm (0-22°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 75 mm (0-22°) || 75 mm || 18 mm
|-
| Cupola || 75 mm (6-7°) || 75 mm (6-7°) || 75 mm (6-7°) || 18 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are both 20 mm thick.
* Side skirts are not all flat. Small protrusions in the center area go inwards by 54° and are 13 mm thick, giving that portion 40 + 13 mm thick.
* Smoke Launchers on right side of tank.
* On the frontal lower glacis there's another 40 mm thick armour plate right behind 22 mm thick armour.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=245|rbMinHp=168}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|QF 2-pounder (40 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[QF 2-pounder (40 mm)|40 mm QF 2-pounder]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 93 || rowspan="2" | ±20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Vertical || 16.18 || 22.40 || 27.20 || 30.08 || 32.00 || rowspan="2" | 3.64 || rowspan="2" | 3.22 || rowspan="2" | 2.97 || rowspan="2" | 2.80
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 11.90 || 14.00 || 17.00 || 18.80 || 20.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:QF 2-pounder (40 mm)/Ammunition|Shot Mk.1 AP/T, Shell Mk.2, Shot Mk.IXB APCBC/T, Shot Mk.1 APHV/T, Shell Mk.1 AP/T}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''93''' || 87 ''(+6)'' || 79 ''(+14)'' || 64 ''(+29)'' || 53 ''(+40)'' || 41 ''(+52)'' || 28 ''(+65)'' || 15 ''(+78)'' || 1 ''(+92)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Racks disappear after you've fired all shells in the rack.
* Turret empty: 53 ''(+40)'' shells.

==== Optics ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
! colspan="3" | {{PAGENAME}} [[Optics]]
|-
! Which ones
! Default magnification
! Maximum magnification
|-
! Main Gun optics
| x1.85 || x3.5
|-
! Comparable optics
| colspan="2" | [[Chi-Nu]]
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|BESA (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[BESA (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm BESA]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 4,050 (225) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

If attacking, the Matilda should take point in the attacking force (if your team will wait for you) and crawl slowly towards the enemy locations with support from your team members. Stop and fire at any target that reveals itself to attack you. When defending, park some distance away from a choke point to a vital area and blast enemies as they try to enter. Remember to maintain team support so that enemies don't try to out manoeuvre you. Make sure to keep a safe distance away from the enemy to maximise the effectiveness of your armour with the shell damage drop-off. Like this, your armour will be very hard to penetrate. At the same time use the [[Ordnance QF 2-pounder (40 mm)|2-pounder gun]] to attack the enemy. Close-distance fighting is ill-advised as opponents will be able to more easily penetrate the front armour and find weak points. A very important tip to know about the {{Specs|pseudonym}} is to not go into towns. You will be easily outmanoeuvred, allowing your opponents to get close and flank and destroy you.

Opponents that deserve extra attention are the tank destroyers. The two German Marders carry a gun that can easily knock you out at long range, especially the [[Marder III H]], but those have thin armour, so use that to your advantage. The more armoured German TD, the StuG III, is even more dangerous. The [[StuG III A]] carry the [[KwK37 (75 mm)|short 75 mm]] that can fire high-penetrating HEAT rounds while its front armour can resist the 2-pounder's shots from a longer distance. The [[StuG III F]] is a bigger problem with its [[StuK40 L43 (75 mm)|longer 75 mm gun]] and thicker armour. The Matilda will have a hard time to fight the StuGs due to the front armour and inability to manoeuvre to hit the side armour, thus it would be better to leave that to more manoeuvrable team members.

Other tanks to worry about are the more common medium tanks each nation carries from the [[M4A1|M4 Shermans]], [[Pz.IV F2|Panzer IVs]], and [[T-34 (1941)|T-34s]]. These medium tanks have frontal armour able to resist the Matilda's 2-pounder rounds and easily out manoeuvre it as well. The most noteworthy tank to worry about is the Panzer IV with the long 75 mm guns, which can easily destroy your frontal armour.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent armour, comparable to [[KV-1 (L-11)]]
* Fast reloading gun with decent penetration
* Great in-game gun depression -20° to +20°
* Good turret rotation
* Small profile for a heavy tank
* Fast reload rate
* Can be paired with enemy tanks that the 2-pounder can destroy while they can't easily penetrate Matilda's armour

'''Cons:'''

* Pitiful mobility, even for British infantry tanks
* Gun is ineffective against heavily armoured foes like the KV-1 and the Churchill
* Gun is inaccurate at longer ranges
* Slow, can't outflank others and will take a long time just to get to the combat zone
* Doesn't like hills and other obstacles
* Small calibre gun
* 3/4 crew in turret, a single shot will knock out the tank
* Can be easily penetrated by HEAT and APCR shells, especially from German tanks
* Small size makes penetrating shot more likely to incapacitate entire crew
* Can be paired against higher tanks like the [[Pz.IV F2|Panzer IV F2]] that can easily penetrate armour

== History ==

[[File:Matilda II Italy.jpg|thumb|right|A captured Matilda II in North Africa.]]
===Development===
With the development of tanks, the British Army doctrine regarding tanks split the classification into two types, the infantry and cruiser tanks. Cruiser tanks were high-speed tanks meant to exploit breakthroughs in enemy lines while infantry tanks were tanks meant to support the infantry advances. Tank developments were based off these classifications. Then in 1934, Major-General Percy Hobart came with a concept for two types of infantry tanks, one machine-gun armed tank with heavy armour and another heavier armoured tank with a cannon and machine gun. The former was developed by Vickers into the A11 Infantry Tank Mark I, or the A11 Matilda. The larger cannon-armed infantry tank was not produced for some time due to finance restrictions. The designing for the latter infantry tank started with the General Staff specification '''A12''' given in 1936. It was considered an improvement over the A11 Matilda and was produced by Woolwich, with Vulcan Foundry as the manufacturer. The A12 took many design implements of an older medium tank known as A7. The increased armour of the developing tank suffered from a lack of engine power, to which it was solved with two AEC diesel engines used in London buses. An order for two wooden mock-ups and two steel prototypes were made to Vulcan in November 1936, to which they presented the wooden ones in 1937 and the steel prototypes in April 1938. The functioning prototype performed well in a 1,000 mile test and only required a few modifications to improve the gearbox, suspension, and the engine cooling. With the approach of World War II, the A12 was adopted and designated the '''A12 Infantry Tank Mk.II Matilda II''', but became more widely known by the name '''Matilda''' than its predecessor. The first orders were made after the trials with an order for 140 made in June 1938. Production started from 1937 from its test trials and lasted to 1943 with a total of 2,987 Matilda IIs produced.

===Design===
Matilda II, weighing in at 27 tons, was considerably well armoured for the weight it is given. At 78 mm thick, the front glacis was one of the thickest armour at the time, the [[Pz.IV E|Panzer IV]] at the time had an average armour thickness between 30 to 50 mm thick. Even the side armour of the tank was between 65 to 70 mm thick. The armour became its best known feature, that the tank was known as the "Queen of the Desert" for its service in North Africa. The cast three-man turret, also with great armour thickness, carried a 2-pounder and a BESA machine gun. It is traversed by a hydraulic system. Two smoke grenade dischargers are present on the right side of the turret that allows concealment when launched. The heavy armour was also the cause of the slow speed the Matilda II is also famous for, able to reach about 9.7 km/h in cross-country terrain and 26 km/h on roads. Though this slow speed was not taken as a drawback due to the tank's role as an infantry tank, going as fast as an infantry man could run made it able to support the infantry at the same pace they march. The engine powering the tank was two AEC 6-cylinder bus engines linked to a single shaft. Giving only 87 hp from each engine, the high mechanical attentions and a troublesome suspension system contributed to the Matilda's low speed.

===Combat usage===
The Matilda II first saw service during the Battle of France in 1940 in the 7th Royal Tank Regiment. They only had 23 Matilda IIs at the start of the war, but it's presence in the Allied inventory sent waves through the German lines. The Matilda II proved to be mostly immune to all but the heaviest of German guns and are able disrupt German activities, as such in the counter attack at Arras in May 21, 1940. However, the Battle of France became lost within the months, and the remaining Matilda IIs that survived were abandoned when the Allies evacuated at Dunkirk.

The Matilda II saw service again in the North African Campaign against the Italian and German forces. In late 1940 in Operation Compass, the Matildas in the 7th Armoured Division caused major damage in the Italian forces positioned in Egypt. The Italians, armed with only tankettes and 37-mm armed medium tanks, were unable to stop the Matilda's advances. The Matildas pushed Italian troops out of Egypt and all the way to Libya, where they proceeded to take over Bardia and Tobruk as well. The Matilda's armour became very well known in this time period, as in late 1941 the Axis forces, even the Germans, were still struggling to receive adequate equipment to take out the Matildas. The open terrain of the desert made the Matilda's low speed and mechanical issues a major problem, as it reduced its manoeuvrability. The open terrain also presented the Matilda a major target to the 88 mm FlaK guns in German inventory, which was more than capable in destroying the Matilda through the front. The devastating losses to these more potent anti-tank weaponry became well known in Operation Battleaxe in June 1941, and became more widespread with the presence of the more powerful 50 mm and 75 mm anti-tank guns in German service. Despite that, the Matildas were still used in the battlefield to fight against the Germans until they were effectively deemed insufficient against the German tanks and defenses sometime [[The_Last_Desert_Battle|in 1942]]. The Matilda could not be up-gunned with better British weaponry due to the small turret on the tank, and thus was replaced by the heavier armoured [[Churchill Mk III|Churchill]] and [[Valentine Mk IX|Valentine]] infantry tanks. These tanks proved much more economical, yet with room for upgrades, and the Matilda became a rare sight by the Second Battle of El Alamein. The remaining Matildas in North Africa were modified into mine-clearers known as Matilda Scorpions.

After being taken out of service in a front-line role, the Matilda II still saw service among British Allies. The Soviets received about 918 Matilda IIs, to which they used in the Battle of Moscow. Despite the unreliability and slowness of the Matilda II, they were used in the same capacity as their [[KV-1 (L-11)|KV-1]] heavy tanks, but the reduced firepower of the 2-pounder. Though most were lost by 1942, some were still seen as late as 1944. In the Pacific, the Matilda II continued to see use among the Australian forces, such as the 4th Armoured Brigade. It saw service in the Huon Peninsula Campaign in October 1943 and remained in service up until the end of the war. The Matilda II stayed in service due to the inferior tank designs of the Japanese tanks and the lack of heavy anti-tank guns, causing the Matildas to become dangerous foes against the Japanese forces. A few Matildas were captured by the Axis forces when a few were damaged in Operation Battleaxe, to which they were repaired and put into service by the Germans as the Infanterie Panzerkampfwagen Mk.II 748(e), which were well received by German troops despite causing confusion on friend-foe identity between the different sides.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_a_12_mk_2_matilda_2 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|gR3JPNt0iPw|'''Heavyweight brits''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 2:34 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|4_cJ1CpEatw|'''Best gun depression''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 3:43 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|DMSj1XIQ1wo|'''The Matilda Diaries Special - Breech Operation''' - ''The Tank Museum''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Britain heavy tanks}}

Valentine XI

2024-03-10T09:53:28Z

U91234167: /* Ammo racks */

{{About
| about = British medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Valentine (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_valentine_mk_11
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was a British infantry tank. Its development started as a private venture of Vickers-Armstrong in 1938, based on experience with the A9, A10 and A11 cruiser and infantry tank designs. The War Office initially wasn't satisfied with only a two-man turret: a three-man turret was fitted so the commander would not become overwhelmed with tasks during battle. With the situation in Europe worsening, the design was approved in April 1939 and first deliveries were made in May 1940. The Valentine XI was an upgunned version of the earlier X, featuring an Ordnance QF 75 mm gun and 210 hp GMC 6004 diesel engine; the armour was also welded rather than riveted. Nearly all variants of the Valentine tank except Mk I were sent to USSR as part of the Lend-Lease act.

The Valentine was introduced along with the initial British tree line in [[Update 1.55 "Royal Armour"]]. Featuring a deadly 75 mm gun paired with quite fast reload and excellent armour protection, the Valentine XI is a formidable opponent. While angled, the majority of its opponents will struggle to penetrate its hull armour. The turret, although more vulnerable, can also deflect a few rounds due to its shape. The main drawback of the Valentine is its very slow turret rotation speed, only 2.4 km/h reverse speed and low maximum speed of only 24 km/h, making the Valentine slower than even the [[Maus]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


Rank 1 guns will have difficulty penetrating this tank because their penetration is generally around 60 mm or below, and the {{PAGENAME}}'s frontal armour is 60-65 mm. Sometimes vehicles with a larger calibre gun (e.g. [[Na-To]], [[Marder III H]]) will make short work of this tank because of their high penetration for their battle rating via turret, flat plates or with overpressure. The hull side of the Valentine XI is also reduced to 50 mm comparing to the Valentine I's 60 mm, which worsens its protection against vehicles with penetration values between 50 and 60 mm, for example [[Chi-Ha (Family)|Chi-Ha]] and [[Pz.35(t)]]. This leads to the Valentine XI's armour only being effective against low rank tanks and some SPAAs when facing the enemy flat. The Valentine's crew is also low in number (3) and closely sat, reducing its survivability further more against all penetrating shots, especially those in the turret which can immediately kill 2/3 crew members. The Valentine XI does have access to 2 smoke grenade launchers (launched, so use them to conceal yourself if your armour seems to not hold up.

When facing the {{PAGENAME}} in battle if in possession of a gun unable to penetrate the {{PAGENAME}} from the front, flanking around to the sides or rear could also work. Once towards the {{PAGENAME}}'s rear, repeat this process by running circles around this vehicle and setting it on fire repeatedly until it burns down, especially since the turret is well armoured all around with 60 mm minimum.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 60 mm ''Front plate'' 30 mm (66-68°) ''Front glacis'' 20 mm (72°), 60 mm (22°) ''Lower glacis'' || 50 mm (57-58°) ''Top'' 20 mm (65°), 60 mm ''Bottom'' || 17 mm || 20 mm
|-
| Turret || 65 mm (0-66°) ''Turret front'' 65 mm (0-62°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 60 mm || 65 mm (1-57°) || 20 mm
|-
|}
'''Note:'''

* Suspension wheels and bogies are 15 mm thick, while tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 20 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=256|rbMinHp=146}}

The top speed of the {{PAGENAME}} is very limited at 25 km/h as it was designed as an infantry tank. This speed can only be reached after accelerating on flat, hard ground for quite a long while. Any hill or imperfect road condition will reduce the speed to around 20 km/h which is only comparable to heavy tanks like [[B1 bis|B1]]. Medium counterparts such as [[Pz.IV E]] and [[Strv m/41 S-I|Strv m/41]] will easily overtake you on any terrain. The speed drops significantly when turning on the move.

The hull traverse speed is awful especially when stock: the tank must move forward or backward a bit in order to really turn the hull. The reverse speed might be the slowest in game, at only -2 km/h (in line with British tanks). This of course will not let you get out of any danger quickly, and you will either be saved by your armour, small size, or you will be destroyed. Overall, the low speed, slow acceleration, poor traverse and reverse all make the Valentine XI bad at getting to places, repositioning, or escaping in time, greatly limiting its flexibility on the battlefield. Due to this it is recommended to use the {{PAGENAME}} for slow advances on an enemy location, or hull down where you do not need to rely on your mobility.

A slight remedy for the poor turret traverse is to use track brakes when turning from a stationary position. The Settings for the Short Brakes can be found in the settings via: (Controls > Ground vehicles > Short brakes).

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Suggested research order:

# Tracks, Brake System, Filter, etc: A stock Valentine XI has poor mobility, so it might be a good idea to research the mobility modifications first.
# Parts and FPE: They allow you to stay in a fight longer by repairing damaged parts and putting out a fire.
# M61 APCBC: The Valentine XI will start encountering classic WW2 tanks like T-34 and M4 which are more spacious. An accurate AP with good velocity will be very useful to deal with them. If you intend to snipe with the {{PAGENAME}}, this shell can be useful to research first.
# Others

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}


The Valentine XI is armed with a 75 mm OQF Mk.V cannon. The cannon has an adequate reload speed of ~6 seconds which is on par with most guns of this calibre. This is slower than the Valentine I's 3-second reload as we've moved from a 40 mm cannon to a 75 mm one, so the player must get used to disabling if not destroying the target with a single shot, which will be easier as the gun is very accurate. The gun has a good gun depression of -12° which means the Valentine XI can fight in most uneven environments. The turret rotation of ~12°/s is average, allowing the Valentine XI to target opponents in time, but not really fast enough to quickly respond to agile flankers. This tank loses the horizontal shoulder stabiliser of the Valentine I, meaning that it must fully stop and wait for the gun to stop wobbling prior to shooting, which delays the shot and may or may not be fatal. This is moderately remedied by the good suspension, but requires the player to have better situational awareness in order to stabilise the cannon in time.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[OQF Mk.V (75 mm)|75 mm OQF Mk.V]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 45 || rowspan="2" | -8°/+17° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 15.2 || 21.1 || 25.6 || 28.3 || 30.1 || rowspan="2" | 6.50 || rowspan="2" | 5.75 || rowspan="2" | 5.30 || rowspan="2" | 5.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 9.5 || 11.2 || 13.6 || 15.0 || 16.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The 75 mm OQF Mk.V behaves quite similarly to the American 75 mm M3 cannon, and they use the same ammo too.

* The stock M72 AP is a solid shot with average penetration (~90 mm) and velocity, being able to frontally penetrate most opponents. Its shrapnel can often knock out all crew in cramped tanks, for example [[T-80]], but not necessarily spacious ones like the [[M3 Lee]].

* The M61 is an APCBC with better penetration (~100 mm). This makes it the first choice ammo of the Valentine XI.

* The M48 HE is not as effective, as it lacks enough explosive filler to damage a tank with overpressure, and most players will also not have the time to switch ammo just to shoot at lightly armoured targets. However if they do, this HE can deal considerable shrapnel damage to unprotected vehicles like the [[GAZ-MM (72-K)|GAZ-MM 72-K]].

{{:OQF Mk.V (75 mm)/Ammunition|M72 shot, M61 shot, M48 shell, M89}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''45''' || 37 ''(+8)'' || 28 ''(+17)'' || 18 ''(+27)'' || 10 ''(+35)'' || 1 ''(+44)'' || Yes
|-
|}

==== Optics ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
! colspan="3" | {{PAGENAME}} [[Optics]]
|-
! Which ones
! Default magnification
! Maximum magnification
|-
! Main Gun optics
| x1.85 || x3.5
|-
! Comparable optics
| colspan="2" | [[M4A1]]
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|BESA (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[BESA (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm BESA]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,575 (225) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

The small calibre of the BESA machine gun makes it largely ineffective against all armoured vehicles but the ones with an open compartment. It still can be used to ping targets as a rangefinding help or to mow down minor obstacles blocking your line of sight.

== Usage in battles ==


The Valentine - despite its historical role as an infantry tank - holds a fine balance between offensive firepower and defensive armour, leaving something to be desired for mobility. The Valentine is defended by a reasonably-effective armour setup, with a strong armour setup in the turret. But, the armour around the chassis is lacking. It's reasonably well-sloped, and angling can greatly increase its protective capabilities. The lower glacis is small, but particularly poorly protected. This means that a hull-down playstyle can be very effective in this vehicle, since it hides the tank's weak spots while only exposing the stronger turret armour. This is also more easily accomplished due to the vehicle's small size.

Such a passive playstyle is also helped by the tank's cannon. It does good damage, and has a reasonable reload rate. However, it does not have access to APHE shells, so knock-outs by a single shot are rare, unless you know where to shoot. Again, this bodes poorly for close-up one on one combat. At range, on the other hand, the gun can focus on gradually destroying key components in enemy vehicles while retaining its good penetration values. Finally, the tank's small profile makes it even harder to hit at long range, and the weak spots in particular are very hard to hit accurately.

Of course, a long-range sniping playstyle isn't the end all and be all for this tank. It is certainly possible to fight closer to the enemy. When doing this, it is important to keep three things in mind. Firstly, since the gun usually won't kill enemy tanks in one shot, focus on disabling the enemy's gun, mobility or both before aiming for anything else. This will give the player time to destroy the enemy without worrying about return fire. Secondly, this vehicle only has three crew members; it is very likely that a penetrating shell will destroy the vehicle outright. Therefore, be cautious of exposing this tank in areas without cover, and when there are few teammates nearby. Lastly, like many British tanks, the Valentine has poor mobility. It is often too slow to flank around the enemy, and its slow top speed can leave it stuck in messy situations with no way out. The tank's reverse speed is especially lacking--be sure that the way is clear before advancing, or else you may find yourself coming under fire with no way out.

=== Enemies worth noting: ===

* [[ZiS-30]]: This is a deadly Soviet machine. Despite the small chassis, it carries a deadly 57mm cannon with a penetration of around 140 mm, which is more than enough to pierce the Valentine XI's armour at any distance. It is also quite narrow and short, so it is difficult to spot especially when camouflaged. Therefore, its great gun and unnoticeable size will usually be used to their advantage. If it's planning an ambush, unfortunately there's no way to detect it unless it shoots first and reveals its location. Once it has been spotted, aim for these two main areas: if it's facing you, shoot at the right side of its gun mantlet to deactivate its gunner; if you are outside its horizontal gun traverse range, target the frontal hull to disable its driver or transmission so it cannot turn the hull around to aim at you.
* [[T-34 (Family)|T-34]]: The Valentine will start seeing more advanced tanks like the T-34. The T-34 has superior speed and agility, well-sloped armour, and great firepower, resulting in it being able to control the fight and destroy the Valentine easily. But with an upgraded 75 mm gun, the Valentine XI is able to fight back. Aim at the T-34's unsloped areas on its turret front to knock out its turret crew. Do not shoot its hull unless you are facing the armour perpendicularly and up close (<500 m). If fighting in uneven terrain, make sure to utilise your great gun depression and hull down. The T-34 has bad gun depression and thus cannot perform as good in hilly environments.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful 75 mm gun with fast reload, deadly and accurate shells
* Strong armour against low rank tanks like [[Pz.38(t) A|Pz.38(t)]], and against mid-rank rank [[Pz.III J|Pz.IIIs]] when angled
* Rear-mounted transmission and engine will not get destroyed easily, keeping the Valentine mobile
* Great -12° gun depression, useful on uneven maps
* Small size making weak spots difficult to hit

'''Cons:'''

* Small three man crew will get knocked out easily
* Quite slow, can't relocate quickly
* Loses the vertical stabiliser. Targeting will take longer compared to the [[Valentine I]]

== History ==

===Development===
The experiences taken from the development of the A9, A10 cruiser tanks and the A11 infantry tank prompted Vickers-Armstrong to begin development of a new tank. As a private venture, the design did not receive any designations from the British General Staff during its creation. The designing of the tank focused on the tank having the weight of a cruiser, but with the armour comparable to the infantry tanks. The basis was to have the vehicle with 60 mm of frontal armour and a 2-pounder gun in a two-man turret. To make it as light as possible, it was small and featured a cramped interior. The design used features taken from the A9 and A10 tanks so the design was easier to produce and cheaper to make. Vickers unveiled the design to War Office at February 10, 1938. While they initially viewed it unfavourably for its tiny two-man turret, they took it in April 1939 due to the growing tense situation in Europe with Nazi Germany, with the first order coming in May 1940 after the losses suffered by the British Expeditionary Forces in the Battle of France. The name '''Valentine''' was given to the tank sometime between its introduction to War Office and its adoption. The origin of the name is disputed, some say it was due to its introduction on February 14 in 1938 or 1940, other say it was the middle name of Sir John V. Carden, who helped design the Valentine's predecessors. Other sources say it is a name from the Vickers' company full name (Vickers-Armstrong Ltd Elswick & [Newcastle-upon] Tyne), and David Fletcher from Bovington Tank Museum say that "Valentine" was a code name used by the company for its development.

The Valentine was put into service as quickly as possible under the designation ''Tank, Infantry, Mk.III''. Vickers, Metropolitan-Cammell Carriage & Wagon, and Birmingham Railway Carriage & Wagon Company were all involved in the construction of this vehicle. During World War II, Canada was also contracted to build the Valentine to build up their own tank forces. The United Kingdom produced a total of 6,855 Valentines during the war between the three company while Canada built 1,420 Valentine tanks in their factories, for a total of 8,275 tanks produced, making the Valentine the most produced British tank in the entire war.

===Variants===
The Valentine is one of the most modified British tank in World War II, up to eleven variants were made during its entire production life.

#''[[Valentine Mk I|Mark I]]'': The first one, it was built with a rivet construction, a 135 hp petrol engine, and a 2-pounder, but was not sent to combat due to mechanical problems.
#''Mark II'': Uses a 131 hp diesel engine and has an auxiliary fuel tank added to the left hull.
#''Mark III'': Has a slightly thinner side armour (60 mm to 50 mm) and a modified turret design, giving room for a loader in the tank, freeing the commander to do his job.
#''Mark IV'' A modified Mk.II using an American 138 hp GMC diesel engine and an American-produced transmission, making the tank more reliable.
#''Mark V'': The same as Mk.IV, except using the Mk.III as the basis.
#''Mark VI'': A Canadian built Valentine, using Canadian and American parts and a GMC diesel engine, plus later switching the BESA machine gun into a Browning machine gun.
#''Mark VII'': A Canadian Mk.VI with a new radio set and a modified interior. Another Mk.VII named the ''Mark VIIA'' has jettisonable fuel tanks and new tracks, oil cooler, and headlights.
# ''Mark VIII'': Uses a British AEC diesel engine and a modified turret to use the 6-pounder. The modification eliminated the coaxial machine gun from the design.
#''[[Valentine Mk IX|Mark IX]]'': A Mk.V modified to take the 6-pounder as well, but with an armour reduction. Later version also had a stronger 165 hp GMC diesel engine installed.
#''Mark X'': Features another modified turret design using the 6-pounder, but made it able to use a coaxial machine gun again and still uses the 165 hp diesel engine. Uses a welded construction
#''[[Valentine Mk XI|Mark XI]]'': The Mk.X using the QF 75 mm gun instead of a 6-pounder, with the 210 hp diesel engine. However, these tanks only served as a command tank in the battlefield. Uses a welded construction

===Combat usage===
The Valentine mostly saw service in the North African Campaign, where the crew reported on it very favourably as a reliable and well-protected tank. The first unit who saw action with the Valentine was the 8th Royal Tank Regiment in Operation Crusader, where it was in the process of replacing the [[Matilda Mk II|Matilda II]]. The reliability is expressed when some Valentine were reported to have travelled a distance of 4,800 km by the time the British reached Tunisia. The Valentine tanks soon saw wide-spread use by mid-1941 when they were issued out widely to armoured regiments due to the lack of cruiser tanks available to fill in the ranks.

However, the biggest weakness of the Valentine tank is the lack of high-explosive rounds for the 2-pounder, a weakness suffered by every other tank using the 2-pounder. This and the 2-pounder's growing deficiency against tank armour was remedied by the usage of the 6-pounder on the Valentine after the Mark VIII version, and then the QF 75 mm gun. However, these larger guns were harder to mount on the small Valentine turret and made for a cramped interior, even removing the established loader's position made in an enlarge turret for the 2-pounder. By the time these larger guns were introduced for the tank, better tanks were being introduced, such as the [[Churchill Mk III|Churchill heavy tanks]] from Britain and the [[M4|M4 Shermans]] from the Americans. Despite the better tanks, the Valentine's low height is able to exploit small cover on the battlefield and take up a good hull-down position behind hills.

Some Valentines were sent to the Soviet Union as part of the Lend-Lease program, most of the Valentines came from Canada's production lines. The Valentines saw use from the time of Battle of Moscow in 1941 all the way until the end of the war, though the Valentines saw use more as a second-line tank due to its relative weakness. It was criticized for its slow speed and weak gun, but was liked for its small size, reliability, and armour protection and thus the Soviet Supreme Command continue asking for it and its production to continue until the end of the war.

By 1944, the Valentine is mostly taken out from the front-line services and replaced by the newer tanks. A few were retained for special purposes and command vehicles for [[Archer]] units, which is a tank destroyer based off the Valentine chassis. The tank continue to see use in the Pacific in limited numbers until May 1945 in the 3rd New Zealand Division, some had their armaments changed to the larger 3-inch howitzer to use it stronger high-explosive ammunition against the Japanese. New Zealand kept the normal and modified Valentines all the way until 1955. The last known combat usage of the Valentine was on Cyprus in early 1960s when a turret-less Valentine was used by the Greek militia, added with a make-shift armour and a machine gunner position with a Bren gun.

===Survivors===
About forty Valentines and vehicles based off the Valentine chassis exist in various conditions in the world. Valentines in running condition exist in the Bovington Tank Museum and in private hands in New Zealand and United Kingdom. The Valentines survivors can be seen in UK, Canada, Belgium, France, Russia, Australia, and New Zealand.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_valentine_mk_11 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|iTdclDWLd2w|'''{{PAGENAME}}, British Tier-2, Medium Tank''' - ''Angry Nerd Gaming''|xIrVVhdC9ac|'''Tank Chats #11 Valentine''' - ''The Tank Museum''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:Valentine_tank|[Wikipedia] Valentine tank]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/gb/Tank_Infantry_MkIII_Valentine.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Valentine, Infantry Tank Mk.III]

{{Manufacturer Vickers-Armstrongs}}
{{Britain medium tanks}}

Valentine XI

2024-03-10T09:52:37Z

U91234167: /* Ammo racks */ I checked in test drive

{{About
| about = British medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Valentine (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_valentine_mk_11
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was a British infantry tank. Its development started as a private venture of Vickers-Armstrong in 1938, based on experience with the A9, A10 and A11 cruiser and infantry tank designs. The War Office initially wasn't satisfied with only a two-man turret: a three-man turret was fitted so the commander would not become overwhelmed with tasks during battle. With the situation in Europe worsening, the design was approved in April 1939 and first deliveries were made in May 1940. The Valentine XI was an upgunned version of the earlier X, featuring an Ordnance QF 75 mm gun and 210 hp GMC 6004 diesel engine; the armour was also welded rather than riveted. Nearly all variants of the Valentine tank except Mk I were sent to USSR as part of the Lend-Lease act.

The Valentine was introduced along with the initial British tree line in [[Update 1.55 "Royal Armour"]]. Featuring a deadly 75 mm gun paired with quite fast reload and excellent armour protection, the Valentine XI is a formidable opponent. While angled, the majority of its opponents will struggle to penetrate its hull armour. The turret, although more vulnerable, can also deflect a few rounds due to its shape. The main drawback of the Valentine is its very slow turret rotation speed, only 2.4 km/h reverse speed and low maximum speed of only 24 km/h, making the Valentine slower than even the [[Maus]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


Rank 1 guns will have difficulty penetrating this tank because their penetration is generally around 60 mm or below, and the {{PAGENAME}}'s frontal armour is 60-65 mm. Sometimes vehicles with a larger calibre gun (e.g. [[Na-To]], [[Marder III H]]) will make short work of this tank because of their high penetration for their battle rating via turret, flat plates or with overpressure. The hull side of the Valentine XI is also reduced to 50 mm comparing to the Valentine I's 60 mm, which worsens its protection against vehicles with penetration values between 50 and 60 mm, for example [[Chi-Ha (Family)|Chi-Ha]] and [[Pz.35(t)]]. This leads to the Valentine XI's armour only being effective against low rank tanks and some SPAAs when facing the enemy flat. The Valentine's crew is also low in number (3) and closely sat, reducing its survivability further more against all penetrating shots, especially those in the turret which can immediately kill 2/3 crew members. The Valentine XI does have access to 2 smoke grenade launchers (launched, so use them to conceal yourself if your armour seems to not hold up.

When facing the {{PAGENAME}} in battle if in possession of a gun unable to penetrate the {{PAGENAME}} from the front, flanking around to the sides or rear could also work. Once towards the {{PAGENAME}}'s rear, repeat this process by running circles around this vehicle and setting it on fire repeatedly until it burns down, especially since the turret is well armoured all around with 60 mm minimum.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 60 mm ''Front plate'' 30 mm (66-68°) ''Front glacis'' 20 mm (72°), 60 mm (22°) ''Lower glacis'' || 50 mm (57-58°) ''Top'' 20 mm (65°), 60 mm ''Bottom'' || 17 mm || 20 mm
|-
| Turret || 65 mm (0-66°) ''Turret front'' 65 mm (0-62°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 60 mm || 65 mm (1-57°) || 20 mm
|-
|}
'''Note:'''

* Suspension wheels and bogies are 15 mm thick, while tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 20 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=256|rbMinHp=146}}

The top speed of the {{PAGENAME}} is very limited at 25 km/h as it was designed as an infantry tank. This speed can only be reached after accelerating on flat, hard ground for quite a long while. Any hill or imperfect road condition will reduce the speed to around 20 km/h which is only comparable to heavy tanks like [[B1 bis|B1]]. Medium counterparts such as [[Pz.IV E]] and [[Strv m/41 S-I|Strv m/41]] will easily overtake you on any terrain. The speed drops significantly when turning on the move.

The hull traverse speed is awful especially when stock: the tank must move forward or backward a bit in order to really turn the hull. The reverse speed might be the slowest in game, at only -2 km/h (in line with British tanks). This of course will not let you get out of any danger quickly, and you will either be saved by your armour, small size, or you will be destroyed. Overall, the low speed, slow acceleration, poor traverse and reverse all make the Valentine XI bad at getting to places, repositioning, or escaping in time, greatly limiting its flexibility on the battlefield. Due to this it is recommended to use the {{PAGENAME}} for slow advances on an enemy location, or hull down where you do not need to rely on your mobility.

A slight remedy for the poor turret traverse is to use track brakes when turning from a stationary position. The Settings for the Short Brakes can be found in the settings via: (Controls > Ground vehicles > Short brakes).

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Suggested research order:

# Tracks, Brake System, Filter, etc: A stock Valentine XI has poor mobility, so it might be a good idea to research the mobility modifications first.
# Parts and FPE: They allow you to stay in a fight longer by repairing damaged parts and putting out a fire.
# M61 APCBC: The Valentine XI will start encountering classic WW2 tanks like T-34 and M4 which are more spacious. An accurate AP with good velocity will be very useful to deal with them. If you intend to snipe with the {{PAGENAME}}, this shell can be useful to research first.
# Others

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}


The Valentine XI is armed with a 75 mm OQF Mk.V cannon. The cannon has an adequate reload speed of ~6 seconds which is on par with most guns of this calibre. This is slower than the Valentine I's 3-second reload as we've moved from a 40 mm cannon to a 75 mm one, so the player must get used to disabling if not destroying the target with a single shot, which will be easier as the gun is very accurate. The gun has a good gun depression of -12° which means the Valentine XI can fight in most uneven environments. The turret rotation of ~12°/s is average, allowing the Valentine XI to target opponents in time, but not really fast enough to quickly respond to agile flankers. This tank loses the horizontal shoulder stabiliser of the Valentine I, meaning that it must fully stop and wait for the gun to stop wobbling prior to shooting, which delays the shot and may or may not be fatal. This is moderately remedied by the good suspension, but requires the player to have better situational awareness in order to stabilise the cannon in time.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[OQF Mk.V (75 mm)|75 mm OQF Mk.V]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 45 || rowspan="2" | -8°/+17° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 15.2 || 21.1 || 25.6 || 28.3 || 30.1 || rowspan="2" | 6.50 || rowspan="2" | 5.75 || rowspan="2" | 5.30 || rowspan="2" | 5.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 9.5 || 11.2 || 13.6 || 15.0 || 16.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The 75 mm OQF Mk.V behaves quite similarly to the American 75 mm M3 cannon, and they use the same ammo too.

* The stock M72 AP is a solid shot with average penetration (~90 mm) and velocity, being able to frontally penetrate most opponents. Its shrapnel can often knock out all crew in cramped tanks, for example [[T-80]], but not necessarily spacious ones like the [[M3 Lee]].

* The M61 is an APCBC with better penetration (~100 mm). This makes it the first choice ammo of the Valentine XI.

* The M48 HE is not as effective, as it lacks enough explosive filler to damage a tank with overpressure, and most players will also not have the time to switch ammo just to shoot at lightly armoured targets. However if they do, this HE can deal considerable shrapnel damage to unprotected vehicles like the [[GAZ-MM (72-K)|GAZ-MM 72-K]].

{{:OQF Mk.V (75 mm)/Ammunition|M72 shot, M61 shot, M48 shell, M89}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''45''' || 37 ''(+8)'' || 28 ''(+17)'' || 18 ''(+26)'' || 10 ''(+35)'' || 1 ''(+44)'' || Yes
|-
|}

==== Optics ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
! colspan="3" | {{PAGENAME}} [[Optics]]
|-
! Which ones
! Default magnification
! Maximum magnification
|-
! Main Gun optics
| x1.85 || x3.5
|-
! Comparable optics
| colspan="2" | [[M4A1]]
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|BESA (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[BESA (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm BESA]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,575 (225) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

The small calibre of the BESA machine gun makes it largely ineffective against all armoured vehicles but the ones with an open compartment. It still can be used to ping targets as a rangefinding help or to mow down minor obstacles blocking your line of sight.

== Usage in battles ==


The Valentine - despite its historical role as an infantry tank - holds a fine balance between offensive firepower and defensive armour, leaving something to be desired for mobility. The Valentine is defended by a reasonably-effective armour setup, with a strong armour setup in the turret. But, the armour around the chassis is lacking. It's reasonably well-sloped, and angling can greatly increase its protective capabilities. The lower glacis is small, but particularly poorly protected. This means that a hull-down playstyle can be very effective in this vehicle, since it hides the tank's weak spots while only exposing the stronger turret armour. This is also more easily accomplished due to the vehicle's small size.

Such a passive playstyle is also helped by the tank's cannon. It does good damage, and has a reasonable reload rate. However, it does not have access to APHE shells, so knock-outs by a single shot are rare, unless you know where to shoot. Again, this bodes poorly for close-up one on one combat. At range, on the other hand, the gun can focus on gradually destroying key components in enemy vehicles while retaining its good penetration values. Finally, the tank's small profile makes it even harder to hit at long range, and the weak spots in particular are very hard to hit accurately.

Of course, a long-range sniping playstyle isn't the end all and be all for this tank. It is certainly possible to fight closer to the enemy. When doing this, it is important to keep three things in mind. Firstly, since the gun usually won't kill enemy tanks in one shot, focus on disabling the enemy's gun, mobility or both before aiming for anything else. This will give the player time to destroy the enemy without worrying about return fire. Secondly, this vehicle only has three crew members; it is very likely that a penetrating shell will destroy the vehicle outright. Therefore, be cautious of exposing this tank in areas without cover, and when there are few teammates nearby. Lastly, like many British tanks, the Valentine has poor mobility. It is often too slow to flank around the enemy, and its slow top speed can leave it stuck in messy situations with no way out. The tank's reverse speed is especially lacking--be sure that the way is clear before advancing, or else you may find yourself coming under fire with no way out.

=== Enemies worth noting: ===

* [[ZiS-30]]: This is a deadly Soviet machine. Despite the small chassis, it carries a deadly 57mm cannon with a penetration of around 140 mm, which is more than enough to pierce the Valentine XI's armour at any distance. It is also quite narrow and short, so it is difficult to spot especially when camouflaged. Therefore, its great gun and unnoticeable size will usually be used to their advantage. If it's planning an ambush, unfortunately there's no way to detect it unless it shoots first and reveals its location. Once it has been spotted, aim for these two main areas: if it's facing you, shoot at the right side of its gun mantlet to deactivate its gunner; if you are outside its horizontal gun traverse range, target the frontal hull to disable its driver or transmission so it cannot turn the hull around to aim at you.
* [[T-34 (Family)|T-34]]: The Valentine will start seeing more advanced tanks like the T-34. The T-34 has superior speed and agility, well-sloped armour, and great firepower, resulting in it being able to control the fight and destroy the Valentine easily. But with an upgraded 75 mm gun, the Valentine XI is able to fight back. Aim at the T-34's unsloped areas on its turret front to knock out its turret crew. Do not shoot its hull unless you are facing the armour perpendicularly and up close (<500 m). If fighting in uneven terrain, make sure to utilise your great gun depression and hull down. The T-34 has bad gun depression and thus cannot perform as good in hilly environments.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful 75 mm gun with fast reload, deadly and accurate shells
* Strong armour against low rank tanks like [[Pz.38(t) A|Pz.38(t)]], and against mid-rank rank [[Pz.III J|Pz.IIIs]] when angled
* Rear-mounted transmission and engine will not get destroyed easily, keeping the Valentine mobile
* Great -12° gun depression, useful on uneven maps
* Small size making weak spots difficult to hit

'''Cons:'''

* Small three man crew will get knocked out easily
* Quite slow, can't relocate quickly
* Loses the vertical stabiliser. Targeting will take longer compared to the [[Valentine I]]

== History ==

===Development===
The experiences taken from the development of the A9, A10 cruiser tanks and the A11 infantry tank prompted Vickers-Armstrong to begin development of a new tank. As a private venture, the design did not receive any designations from the British General Staff during its creation. The designing of the tank focused on the tank having the weight of a cruiser, but with the armour comparable to the infantry tanks. The basis was to have the vehicle with 60 mm of frontal armour and a 2-pounder gun in a two-man turret. To make it as light as possible, it was small and featured a cramped interior. The design used features taken from the A9 and A10 tanks so the design was easier to produce and cheaper to make. Vickers unveiled the design to War Office at February 10, 1938. While they initially viewed it unfavourably for its tiny two-man turret, they took it in April 1939 due to the growing tense situation in Europe with Nazi Germany, with the first order coming in May 1940 after the losses suffered by the British Expeditionary Forces in the Battle of France. The name '''Valentine''' was given to the tank sometime between its introduction to War Office and its adoption. The origin of the name is disputed, some say it was due to its introduction on February 14 in 1938 or 1940, other say it was the middle name of Sir John V. Carden, who helped design the Valentine's predecessors. Other sources say it is a name from the Vickers' company full name (Vickers-Armstrong Ltd Elswick & [Newcastle-upon] Tyne), and David Fletcher from Bovington Tank Museum say that "Valentine" was a code name used by the company for its development.

The Valentine was put into service as quickly as possible under the designation ''Tank, Infantry, Mk.III''. Vickers, Metropolitan-Cammell Carriage & Wagon, and Birmingham Railway Carriage & Wagon Company were all involved in the construction of this vehicle. During World War II, Canada was also contracted to build the Valentine to build up their own tank forces. The United Kingdom produced a total of 6,855 Valentines during the war between the three company while Canada built 1,420 Valentine tanks in their factories, for a total of 8,275 tanks produced, making the Valentine the most produced British tank in the entire war.

===Variants===
The Valentine is one of the most modified British tank in World War II, up to eleven variants were made during its entire production life.

#''[[Valentine Mk I|Mark I]]'': The first one, it was built with a rivet construction, a 135 hp petrol engine, and a 2-pounder, but was not sent to combat due to mechanical problems.
#''Mark II'': Uses a 131 hp diesel engine and has an auxiliary fuel tank added to the left hull.
#''Mark III'': Has a slightly thinner side armour (60 mm to 50 mm) and a modified turret design, giving room for a loader in the tank, freeing the commander to do his job.
#''Mark IV'' A modified Mk.II using an American 138 hp GMC diesel engine and an American-produced transmission, making the tank more reliable.
#''Mark V'': The same as Mk.IV, except using the Mk.III as the basis.
#''Mark VI'': A Canadian built Valentine, using Canadian and American parts and a GMC diesel engine, plus later switching the BESA machine gun into a Browning machine gun.
#''Mark VII'': A Canadian Mk.VI with a new radio set and a modified interior. Another Mk.VII named the ''Mark VIIA'' has jettisonable fuel tanks and new tracks, oil cooler, and headlights.
# ''Mark VIII'': Uses a British AEC diesel engine and a modified turret to use the 6-pounder. The modification eliminated the coaxial machine gun from the design.
#''[[Valentine Mk IX|Mark IX]]'': A Mk.V modified to take the 6-pounder as well, but with an armour reduction. Later version also had a stronger 165 hp GMC diesel engine installed.
#''Mark X'': Features another modified turret design using the 6-pounder, but made it able to use a coaxial machine gun again and still uses the 165 hp diesel engine. Uses a welded construction
#''[[Valentine Mk XI|Mark XI]]'': The Mk.X using the QF 75 mm gun instead of a 6-pounder, with the 210 hp diesel engine. However, these tanks only served as a command tank in the battlefield. Uses a welded construction

===Combat usage===
The Valentine mostly saw service in the North African Campaign, where the crew reported on it very favourably as a reliable and well-protected tank. The first unit who saw action with the Valentine was the 8th Royal Tank Regiment in Operation Crusader, where it was in the process of replacing the [[Matilda Mk II|Matilda II]]. The reliability is expressed when some Valentine were reported to have travelled a distance of 4,800 km by the time the British reached Tunisia. The Valentine tanks soon saw wide-spread use by mid-1941 when they were issued out widely to armoured regiments due to the lack of cruiser tanks available to fill in the ranks.

However, the biggest weakness of the Valentine tank is the lack of high-explosive rounds for the 2-pounder, a weakness suffered by every other tank using the 2-pounder. This and the 2-pounder's growing deficiency against tank armour was remedied by the usage of the 6-pounder on the Valentine after the Mark VIII version, and then the QF 75 mm gun. However, these larger guns were harder to mount on the small Valentine turret and made for a cramped interior, even removing the established loader's position made in an enlarge turret for the 2-pounder. By the time these larger guns were introduced for the tank, better tanks were being introduced, such as the [[Churchill Mk III|Churchill heavy tanks]] from Britain and the [[M4|M4 Shermans]] from the Americans. Despite the better tanks, the Valentine's low height is able to exploit small cover on the battlefield and take up a good hull-down position behind hills.

Some Valentines were sent to the Soviet Union as part of the Lend-Lease program, most of the Valentines came from Canada's production lines. The Valentines saw use from the time of Battle of Moscow in 1941 all the way until the end of the war, though the Valentines saw use more as a second-line tank due to its relative weakness. It was criticized for its slow speed and weak gun, but was liked for its small size, reliability, and armour protection and thus the Soviet Supreme Command continue asking for it and its production to continue until the end of the war.

By 1944, the Valentine is mostly taken out from the front-line services and replaced by the newer tanks. A few were retained for special purposes and command vehicles for [[Archer]] units, which is a tank destroyer based off the Valentine chassis. The tank continue to see use in the Pacific in limited numbers until May 1945 in the 3rd New Zealand Division, some had their armaments changed to the larger 3-inch howitzer to use it stronger high-explosive ammunition against the Japanese. New Zealand kept the normal and modified Valentines all the way until 1955. The last known combat usage of the Valentine was on Cyprus in early 1960s when a turret-less Valentine was used by the Greek militia, added with a make-shift armour and a machine gunner position with a Bren gun.

===Survivors===
About forty Valentines and vehicles based off the Valentine chassis exist in various conditions in the world. Valentines in running condition exist in the Bovington Tank Museum and in private hands in New Zealand and United Kingdom. The Valentines survivors can be seen in UK, Canada, Belgium, France, Russia, Australia, and New Zealand.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_valentine_mk_11 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|iTdclDWLd2w|'''{{PAGENAME}}, British Tier-2, Medium Tank''' - ''Angry Nerd Gaming''|xIrVVhdC9ac|'''Tank Chats #11 Valentine''' - ''The Tank Museum''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:Valentine_tank|[Wikipedia] Valentine tank]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/gb/Tank_Infantry_MkIII_Valentine.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Valentine, Infantry Tank Mk.III]

{{Manufacturer Vickers-Armstrongs}}
{{Britain medium tanks}}

Challenger Mk.2

2024-03-04T16:18:39Z

U91234167: /* Main armament */ Some updates to usage in battles

{{About
| about = British medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = Challenger (Disambiguation)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_challenger_1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}_Dozer.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png|ArtImage2_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''', or just '''{{Specs|pseudonym}}''', is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.77 "Advancing Storm"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


Like the Chieftain Mk 10, the Challenger has a very strong turret front, with composite armour protecting the entire front and part of the sides. The turret front can resist up to 470 mm of rolled homogeneous armour equivalency (RHAe) against long-rod kinetic (~550 mm RHAe against rounds without the long-rod slope modifier) and up to 600 mm against chemical penetrators. This theoretically makes the strongest part of the turret frontally invulnerable to all but the top-rank kinetic ammunition in the game. In practice, however, there is a weak spot on the lower leading edge of the turret front, where the backing plate of the composite inside the turret flattens to a 90° angle. This reduces the effective thickness of the lower turret cheeks by approximately 100 mm, making it vulnerable to most long-rod APFSDS. A small portion of the turret front, the area just around the gun, is unprotected by composite armour and is 200 mm of CHA with a 50 mm RHA spall liner. This area extends above the gun and transitions to 60 mm CHA at 60°. While these areas are small and unlikely to lead to catastrophic damage when hit (the gun breech will tend to soak up shrapnel), they are important to be wary of.

The Challenger's turret sides are similar to many top-rank MBTs - they can only resist enemy fire at relatively high angles of attack. Protection is 140 mm RHAe against kinetic and 300 mm RHAe against chemical shells, meaning that the armour can only resist autocannon fire and low-calibre HEAT when struck dead-on.

Compared its turret, the Challenger hull is significantly weaker against kinetic projectiles with only 220 mm of RHAe (~300 mm for projectiles without the long-rod slope modifier) on the UFP. Chemical protection in this area is similar to the turret at 600 mm RHAe. An exception to these numbers is the area directly above the driver's hatch, which is not covered by composite armour and is vulnerable to essentially any anti-tank ammunition. The lower frontal plate is also lacking composite and is comprised of a single 70 mm RHA plate at a slight angle, providing ~80-90 mm of effective thickness. Shots to the LFP will at least incapacitate the driver, or more likely catastrophically detonate the hull ammunition. British tankers should be quite used to this weak spot by this point, as the weak LFP is present on the entire Chieftain line. However, the upper third of the LFP shares some of the UFP's composite protection due to its design. This means that the upper third of the LFP has slightly more protection than the lower sections.

Hull sides are generally very weak, as is typical of top-rank MBTs. The upper hull (above the tracks) is comprised of a 20 mm RHA + fuel tanks + 25 mm RHA array. The lower hull (around the tracks) is comprised of 19 mm aluminium side skirts and 34 mm RHA.

'''Armour type:'''

* Composite armour (hull UFP, turret front and sides)
* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull)
* Cast homogeneous armour (gun "mantlet")
* Aluminium (side skirts)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 38-50* mm (60-81°) ''Front glacis'' 70 mm (30°) ''Lower glacis'' || 20 mm (0-3°), 25 mm (74°) ''Top'' 34 + 19 mm ''Bottom'' || 20 mm (29°) ''Top'' 25 mm (30°) || 20 mm 8 mm ''Engine grille''
|-
| Turret || 50* mm (51-54°) 60 mm (55-56°), 200 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 25* + 4 mm (1°) ''Front'' 45 + 4 mm ''Rear'' || 44 + 4 mm (43-48°) 20 mm (85°) ''Turret underside'' || 38 mm ''Front'' 20 mm ''Rear''
|-
| Cupola || 60 mm || 60 mm || 60 mm || 60 mm
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Composite armour* !! Front !! Sides
|-
| Hull || '''Front glacis:''' ~220 mm @ 60° against ''Kinetic'' ~600 mm @ 60° against ''Chemical''
!
|-
| Turret || '''Turret front:''' ~500 mm @ 60° against ''Kinetic'' ~600 mm @ 60° against ''Chemical'' || '''25 mm sections:''' ~ 140 mm @ 0° against ''Kinetic'' ~ 300 mm @ 0° against ''Chemical''
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels, torsion bars, and tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Turret ring is 60 mm thick.
* 20-25 mm RHA plates surround the fuel tanks on the hull sides.
* Hull composite armour configuration is 50 mm RHA + 200 mm NERA elements + 80 mm RHA.
* Front turret composite armour configuration is 50 mm RHA + 600 mm NERA elements + 110 mm RHA.
* Turret side composite armour configuration is 25 mm RHA + 300 mm NERA elements + 80 mm RHA.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,886|rbMinHp=1,076}}

The {{PAGENAME}}'s speed sets it apart from the previous Chieftain tanks, as it is capable of reaching 56 km/h on roads and 46 km/h off-road. Reverse speed is also a noticeable improvement from the Chieftain line. Despite this, the 62 ton mass of this vehicle makes it the slowest of its high-rank contemporaries (e.g. Abrams, Leopard, and Type 90).

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

The FPE module should be a priority, since the fuel tanks are located all around the hull above the tracks, meaning that the tank will be set on fire often. This comes with added protection, however, as the fuel tanks will frequently absorb most shrapnel - protecting the crew and ammunition from the occasional side-shot - giving the player ample time to return fire and eliminate the threat.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|L11A5 (120 mm)}}

The Challenger bears the 120 mm L11A5, an updated but essentially identical version of the gun found on the Chieftains. It has access to the same rounds as the Chieftain Mk 10, with the notable addition of the L23A1 APFSDS ammunition. Despite having worse flat plate penetration(24mm less than L23 at 1km), L23A1 penetrates angled armor much more efficiently than its predecessor (29mm more than L23 at 1km 60°), making it especially useful for dealing with Russian late T-series hulls.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L11A5 (120 mm)|120 mm L11A5]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 52 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 29.5 || 40.8 || 49.6 || 54.8 || 58.4 || rowspan="2" | 6.50 || rowspan="2" | 5.75 || rowspan="2" | 5.30 || rowspan="2" | 5.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 18.4 || 21.7 || 26.4 || 29.1 || 31.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:L11A5 (120 mm)/Ammunition|Shot L23, Shell L31A7, Shot L23A1, L34}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x350px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! Ammo part
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
|-
|'''52''' ||''Projectiles'' ''Propellants'' || 50 ''(+2)'' ''47 (+5)'' || 47 ''(+5)''  ''41 (+11)'' || 45 ''(+7)'' 35 ''(+17)'' || 43 ''(+9)'' 29 ''(+23)'' || 39 ''(+13)'' 21 ''(+31)'' || 37 ''(+15)'' 11 ''(+41)''
|-
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! 9th rack empty
! 10th rack empty
! 11th rack empty
! 12th rack empty
! 13th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| 34 ''(+18)'' 4 ''(+48)'' || 27 ''(+25)'' 1 ''(+51)'' || 22 ''(+30)''   || 21 ''(+31)''   || 7 ''(+45)''   || 4 ''(+38)''   || 1 ''(+51)''   || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Packing only 29 rounds will keep the front hull empty of charges.
* All propellant charges are protected by a box of 5 mm of steel

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|L37A2 (7.62 mm)|L8A2 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L37A2 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm L37A2]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 3,600 (100) || 650 || -10°/+50° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L8A2 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm L8A2]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 2,400 (200) || 600 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

New drivers of the Challenger 1 will appreciate a similar playstyle to the earlier Chieftain tanks, particularly the [[Chieftain Mk 10]]. Most of the armour's weak points could be minimized by assuming a hull-down position on the incline of a hill, and using the Challenger's excellent -10° of gun depression to keep the gun on target. This will increase the angle of the turret and thus increase the effective thickness of the back-plate on the turret.

When encountering common enemies:

* [[T-64B]]: L23A1 can theoretically penetrate the UFP, but it is very difficult. The drivers port weak spot is the recommended target from the front. If not possible, aim for the breech/cannon barrel to eliminate the threat of returning fire.
* [[T-64A (1971)]]: L23 will go right through the hull even at 2km, but the Challenger can still be immobilized and disarmed if even 3BK12M (stock HEATFS) is fired at the breech, which will break the turret ring, the breech and possibly the engine.
* [[Leopard 2K]]: Shoot anywhere honestly. Shooting its right cheek will kill the gunner and TC. Shooting the UFP under its left cheek detonates the turret ammo storage. Shooting just left of the driver's port can even cause a crew kill instantly, even with L23 at 1000m. Just be aware that DM13 and DM23 will have no issues penetrating your hull either.
* [[Leopard A1A1]]: Its APFSDS poses a risk to the weak spot on the turret, but only if it gets the first shot off. Shoot anywhere near hull centre or low turret area.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good composite armour for both kinetic and chemical protection on hull and turret
* Very accurate main gun with effective gun stabilizers, depression angles and decent stock APFSDS shell
* Decent mobility for its weight and size: a drastic increase and from all previous British MBTs
* Great hull down performance that multiplies armour efficiency, especially at long ranges
* No stock HEATFS shells unlike most counterparts at the rank, easing the module research
* One of the few MBTs that has access to a smoke shell for the main gun; with the auxiliary HESH against light armour
* Reload can get down to 5 seconds, fastest firing 120 mm along with [[Type 90]]/[[Type 90 (B)]]

'''Cons:'''

* Only 4 rounds of first-stage ammunition, then it can take up to 8.7 seconds to reload the gun until ready rack replenishes again
* Large and tall target, with the accessible Driver's optics weak spot on the upper frontal plate and vulnerable hull armour
* No external composite or reactive armour
* HESH shell is generally useless against other MBTs
* Ammunition and charges takes a lot of space (easy to hit)
* Firepower, mobility or armour characteristic are outmatched by tanks as [[Leopard 2 (Family)]], [[Ariete (Family)]] or [[T-80 (Family)]]

== History ==

In 1977, the Iranian government ordered an improved version of the Chieftain tank, which was arguably the best main battle tank (MBT) in service at its time. The Chieftain offered unparalleled protection and firepower; however, its mobility was lacklustre and something its successor needed to improve upon. In response, the engineers at the MVEE created the Chieftain Mk.5(P), from which three additional prototypes were created. It was one of these prototypes that would become the basis for the Challenger 1. Unfortunately, after the Iranian Revolution of 1979 and the fall of the Shah, Iran canceled its order for an improved Chieftain. In addition, a parallel British tank project (the MBT90) was also abandoned, and the British Army quickly became a new potential customer for a new MBT.

The Challenger's design was based on the cancelled project called "Shir-2"" planned for export to Iran, and retained its deadly 120 mm gun and superb armour. The Challenger was also equipped with Chobham armour, a composite armour made from multiple layers of different materials. The additional materials gave the Challenger its distinctive, heavily-sloped armour on the front of the turret and upper glacis. The Challenger's mobility and off-road capabilities were significantly improved with the installation of a new 1,200 horsepower Rolls-Royce engine and hydropneumatic suspension. The Challenger 1 entered production and service in 1983. Production ended in 1990, having yielded a total of about 420 vehicles. It served primarily with British forces during the Gulf War. It was also used in peacekeeping missions in Bosnia-Herzegovina during the mid 1990s, and Jordan still operates a number of Challenger 1 tanks to this day. The Challenger 1 was withdrawn from active service by 2001 and later replaced by the Challenger 2.

''- From [[wt:en/news/5323-development-challenger-1-a-worthy-heir-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_challenger_1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|dglE5EGyY0o|'''The Shooting Range #87''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:35 discusses the Challenger Mk.2.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5323-development-challenger-1-a-worthy-heir-en|[Devblog] Challenger 1: A Worthy Heir]]

{{TankManufacturer Department of Tank Design}}
{{Britain medium tanks}}

ASU-85

2024-02-23T14:13:03Z

U91234167: /* Usage in battles */ Added some new weakspot data for some common heavy vehicles, removed some vehicles such as Panther II and Tiger 2 105mm (they arent common at all)

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_asu_85
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''ASU-85 (Авиадесантная самоходная установка, АСУ-85)''' was a Cold War-era Soviet-designed airborne self-propelled gun. It began to replace the open-topped [[ASU-57]] in service in 1959. Beginning in 1969, it was superseded by the BMD-1. It was designed to replace older designs such as the ASU-57 for use by the Vozdushno-Desantnye Voyska (VDV). Its design was lengthy and intricate, and it took nearly ten years to complete due to the demanding demands of getting the vehicle airborne. The ASU-85 saw duty as late as the Soviet-Afghan War, but it was far from widespread. The ASU-85 was based on the [[PT-76 (Family)|PT-76 light amphibious tank family]] chassis, however, it lacked amphibious characteristics and was powered by a different engine. The vehicle was divided into three compartments: the driver's compartment at the front, the combat compartment in the centre, and the engine compartment in the back. The ASU-85 was utilized in airborne missions by the Soviet Airborne Forces. With minimal anti-tank capability, its primary function was light infantry support or assault fortifications. The ASU-85 was only exported to two other Warsaw Pact countries: East Germany and Poland. NATO first noticed it in 1962, and it was frequently utilized by Soviet and Polish airborne units.

Introduced in [[Update 1.59 "Flaming Arrows"]], the ASU-85 is a unique vehicle that survives on the battlefield through stealth. It is particularly vulnerable if caught in the open due to the very thin roof armour, especially against planes. The armament can deal with almost any tank that the ASU-85 is likely to encounter. Unfortunately, the ASU-85 lacks the mobility of its forefather, the ASU-57, and must play more passively. On city maps, where engagements are typically close-range, this could be a problem. Overall, the ASU-85 is a situational vehicle that excels on large maps and circumstances where the terrain allows for stealth ambush but struggles in close-quarters combat.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The front upper glacis plate, while only 45 mm thick, is quite heavily sloped and can occasionally ricochet rounds. The mantlet is also quite thick and rounded, and it can also bounce the occasional lucky shot.

However, the rest of the ASU-85 is very thinly armoured and vulnerable to even heavy machine guns. Angling is useless in this tank, since thin armour parts get overmatched by high calibre shells and they just ignore ricochet chance completely. If it is necessary to give the enemy something to fire at, it is possible to take only half of the shells and then present the left side to the enemy, as it will have less ammo racks, though it is still likely the entire tank will be obliterated anyway.

The tank itself is very short and can even bully tanks like the [[M4A3 (76) W]] by standing next to them, as it will only be able to aim at the autobounce zone on top of the ASU-85 and will likely miss. In the case if the tank it stands next to explodes, the ASU-85 will also suffer overpressure damage and often lose crew, so moderate levels of "vitality" crew skill are needed to survive when doing this.

The ASU-85 is also somewhat vulnerable to aircraft strafing, particularly if they attack from the top or with rockets.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 45 mm (60°) ''Front glacis'' 45 mm (37°) ''Lower glacis'' 50 mm ''Driver port''|| 6 mm || 6 mm (40°) ''Upper'' 6 mm (18°) ''Lower'' || 6 mm
|-
| Superstructure || 45 mm (60°) ''Front glacis'' 100 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 13 mm (37-38°) || 6 mm || 13 mm ''Front'' 6 mm ''Rear''
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 10 mm thick, tracks are 15 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=298|rbMinHp=186}}

The ASU-85 is based on the [[PT-76B]] and uses the same engine. It is somewhat heavier, however, and the mobility thus suffers comparatively. With a top speed of under 50 km/h, the ASU-85 is relatively slow for such a lightly armoured vehicle, but it is adequate enough for repositioning when needed. The ASU-85 also has a fairly slow reverse speed and only one reverse gear, inherited from the PT-76B.

Note that the ASU-85 is not amphibious, unlike the PT-76B it is based on.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|D-70 (85 mm)}}

The ASU-85 is armed with the '''85 mm D-70''', a significantly more powerful gun compared to the wartime Soviet 85 mm ZiS S-53 and D-5T guns and comparable in capability to the German 8,8 cm L/71 guns. The mounting has only 4° of gun depression due to the restricted size of the vehicle, but has a fairly generous amount of traverse for a casemate tank destroyer. It has a relatively low rate-of-fire for its calibre, reflecting the rather cramped crew compartment of the ASU-85. The recoil of a gun throws the tank around, especially if it is fired sideways, sometimes kicking the tank backwards up to 5-10 m.

The standard shell is the '''BR-372''' APBC shell with a lethal explosive filler. It has an excellent muzzle velocity and is accurate at long ranges, very similarly to APDS. It will also easily penetrate most things that the ASU-85 may encounter. Anything that cannot be penetrated by the APBC shell will almost certainly be penetrable by the '''3BK7''' HEAT-FS round. Boasting 300 mm of penetration, it is capable of punching straight through a [[Tiger II (P)|Tiger II]]'s upper glacis and does not lose penetration over distance. However, it suffers the usual drawbacks of HEAT rounds (cannot go through obstacles like trees or fences) and is significantly less lethal than the APBC shell. The muzzle velocity is also lower, which can complicate aiming at long ranges.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[D-70 (85 mm)|85 mm D-70]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 39 || rowspan="2" | -4°/+15° || rowspan="2" | ±15° || rowspan="2" | - || 6.2 || 8.5 || 10.4 || 11.5 || 12.2 || rowspan="2" | 7.80 || rowspan="2" | 6.90 || rowspan="2" | 6.36 || rowspan="2" | 6.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 4.2 || 4.9 || 6.0 || 6.6 || 7.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:D-70 (85 mm)/Ammunition|BR-372, 3BK7, OF-372}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''39''' || 33 ''(+6)'' || 25 ''(+14)'' || 20 ''(+19)'' || 12 ''(+27)'' || 6 ''(+33)'' || 1 ''(+38)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
{{Clear}}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|SGMT (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[SGMT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm SGMT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 2,000 (250) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The ASU-85 is a veritable glass cannon that relies on stealth and/or distance in order to survive on the battlefield. It is very vulnerable if caught in the open, especially to planes due to the very weak roof armour. The 85 mm gun is capable of handling almost any tank likely to be encountered by the ASU-85. Unfortunately, the ASU-85 lacks the mobility of its predecessor, the [[ASU-57]], and thus has to adopt a more passive playstyle. The stock APBC round is excellent for ambushes, which tend to involve a lot of side shots where the lethality of the explosive filler is valuable, especially with the long reload time of the gun. The HEAT-FS round is better suited for medium/long-range fighting, since it does not lose penetration over distance.

The ASU-85 has a rather unorthodox method of using its smoke screen. Unlike most vehicles, which use smoke shells, singular canisters, or canister clusters, the ASU-85 uses two large drum like structures at the rear. When deployed, these will drop away, so it is relatively easy to tell from close range whether or not an ASU-85 has smoke or not, and how many it has. Due to the orientation of the drums, the smoke screen will actually form behind the tank and take 5 seconds to fully envelope the assault gun.

The smokes screens themselves are very thin and allow ASU-85 to see through them with sniper scope and attack. In arcade mode, ASU-85 can use smoke screen to disable aim assist and spotting for enemy vehicles while still being able to track their position with scouting, which works well with its ability to bounce poorly aimed shots. The APDS-like APHE and HEAT-FS also help with fighting with aim assist off, which makes it a viable trick, though it will not help if enemy already took aim at ASU-85 and is just waiting for reload to finish.

Heavily armored opponent's weakspots:

* Tiger II [[Tiger II (P)|(P)]]/[[Tiger II (H)|(H)]]: Turret cheeks are penetrable by APCBC even at 1.2km. Shoot the left cheek to kill all turret crew and wound the hull crew.
* T26E5: Cupola, turret ring and hull MG port remain weakspots even up to 2km with APCBC.
* T26E1-1: Hull MG port and upper section of lower glacis remain penetrable with APCBC up to 2km.
* T34: Hull MG port, lower glacis and cupola penetrable at 1km. MG port and most of the lower glacis remain penetrable at 2km.
* [[T29]]: Lower glacis. There are also weakspots in the gun mantlet, but they may be hard to hit at anything but close range.
* [[Caernarvon]]: Turret ring and lower glacis.
* [[Tortoise]]: Area surrounding the hull machine gun port.
* [[T95]]: Cupolas may be penetrated but will not generate enough spall to reliably kill more than 1 crew member. HEAT-FS also does not seem to be capable of consistently disabling more than 1 crew member. Suggest breaking their gun and running away to flank them. The upper section of the T95's sides are vulnerable to APCBC even at 1km.
* [[Jagdtiger]]: APCBC can penetrate lower glacis and hull MG port up to 800m. 1-shot kill is in theory possible with HEAT-FS, but you will need to aim at the left or right cheeks to hit the ammo.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent 85 mm gun - higher penetration and muzzle velocity than the 100 mm D-10T found on the T-54s
* Competitive stock APBC round with explosive filler
* Access to HEAT-FS with 300 mm of penetration
* Tiny profile
* Access to a coaxial machine gun
* Access to night vision devices

'''Cons:'''

* Slow gun elevation and traverse
* Slow reload for an 85 mm gun
* Cannon recoil is so strong it throws the tank around and will not only mess with tanks aim but kick the user off a cliff if they are not careful
* Lightly armoured everywhere besides the front, vulnerable to aircraft strafing, angling even just slightly will expose the extremely weak side armor to vehicles with APCBC shells
* Poor reverse speed
* Mediocre mobility and low maximum speed, considering the light armour
* Poor gun depression

== History ==

===Development===
A new assault gun was requested by the Armed Forces sometime before 1953. Due to the success of the [[ASU-57]], they tasked the OKB-40 design bureau headed by Nikolaj Astrov to design the vehicle. The design, designated "Object 573", was ready for tests in the latter half of 1953. Constant changes and improvement was made from the span of 1956 to 1957. The design used the chassis of the [[PT-76B|PT-76]] amphibious light tank design, though it did not have the same amphibious feature and had a new engine propelling it. The armament was an 85 mm D-70 gun derived from the 85 mm D-48 anti-tank gun. The design could carry 45 rounds inside and could fire a variety of rounds up to 1 km away. Secondary armament for the vehicle was a GMT or PKT coaxial machine gun. The improved design was going to accepted and enter production in 1958 as the SU-85 (despite the existence of [[SU-85|a vehicle of the same name]]), but this was again delayed when the Ministry of Defense ordered an armoured roof to be installed. The design was to enter production in 1961, but by then the design was rather outdated for army forces usage. Thus, when the vehicle entered production, it was taken up by the VDV, the Soviet Airborne Forces, and renamed the ASU-85. The ASU-85 was produced from 1959 to 1966, while staying in service from 1959 all the way to 1993.

===Usage===
The Soviet airborne forces primarily used the ASU-85 as a light infantry support/assault gun. Advancements in air-drop techniques and the advent of helicopters made its air deployment a more viable option in the early 1960s. The Soviet Union deployed 31 ASU-85s to each of its airborne divisions in and assault gun battalion. The Soviet Union used the ASU-85 during the Soviet-Afghan War with the airborne troops stationed there.

The ASU-85 was only given out to Poland and Vietnam. Poland used the ASU-85s in the same manner as the Soviet Union, with 31 vehicles in each airborne divisions. The ASU-85 are still in service in the Vietnamese military, with interests on improving their technical performances in early 2016.<ref name="JaneASU-85">Fisher</ref>

The ASU-85 also serves as the genesis of other support vehicles using the derived PT-76 chassis. The most notable vehicle using a similar chassis was the [[ZSU-23-4|ZSU-23-4 "Shilka"]] anti-aircraft system.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_asu_85 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|YuBjyMQLRy0|'''Airmobile tanks''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 2:00 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|y2G4K-5ZvDw|'''ASU-85 self-propelled gun (Soviet Airborne Forces)''' - ''yolkhere''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/3733-development-asu-85-death-from-the-skies-en/|[Devblog] ASU-85: Death from the Skies]]
* [[Wikipedia:ASU-85|[Wikipedia] ASU-85]]

===References===

;Citations
<references />

;Bibliography

* Fisher, Richard D., Jr. "DSA 2016: Vietnam May Update Soviet Era ASU-85s." ''IHS Jane's 360'', Janes, 21 April 2016, [http://www.janes.com/article/59688/dsa-2016-vietnam-may-update-soviet-era-asu-85s Website]. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20161228181451/http://www.janes.com/article/59688/dsa-2016-vietnam-may-update-soviet-era-asu-85s Archive])

{{USSR tank destroyers}}

SU-85M

2024-02-13T03:17:28Z

U91234167: /* Ammo racks */ Just checked ingame

{{About
| about = Soviet tank destroyer '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = the other version
| link-1 = SU-85
| usage-2 = the open-topped SPG
| link-2 = SU-85A
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_su_85m
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''SU-85M''' was an improved design (rather than a separate variant) of the [[SU-85]] self-propelled gun used by the Soviets during World War II. It has slightly thicker frontal armour and a better commander cupola. There were 315 units built in total.

Introduced in the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before Update 1.41, the SU-85M should be played as a long-range sniper due to its powerful gun. Its lack of a turret makes it unsuitable for close-quarters combat, even with the thickness of its frontal armour increased compared to SU-85. Moreover, the protection gain is negligible due to the advent of more advanced enemies. It is therefore not a good idea to be close to the front lines. To increase the effectiveness of armour, players should stay behind the main fighting zone and eliminate enemy targets from far away, making the best use of long-distance and low silhouettes to enhance survivability.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The SU-85M sees a great improvement on the upper front plate than the preceding SU-85, from 45 mm to 75 mm. Thanks to this the SU-85M can now frontally resist medium-penetrating tanks such as the [[Jagdpanzer 38(t)]], [[M24 (Family)|M24]], and even the long 76 mm [[M4A2 (76) W|M4A2]] or [[M4A3 (76) W|M4A3]], significantly boosting its survivability. However larger cannons can still go through it easily, like the [[Sturer Emil]], the [[M36 GMC|M36]], the [[Tiger II (P)]], etc. Also, the SU-85M has several frontal weak spots that can be penetrated by most tanks, such as the driver optics and hatch, some parts of the gun mantlet, and of course, the commander's cupola which is only 45 mm thick, unsloped.

As before, the SU-85M can be angled to the left to increase chance of a bounce and give it a chance against shells of tanks like the [[Tiger H1]] or even ignore many tanks of lower BR at point blank range. Unfortunately, tall tanks like the [[Panther A]] have enough of an edge over the SU-85M to penetrate upper part of the hull regardless and even at extreme range and high ground there still is a possibility of being hit directly into commander cupola which has poor armour. Still, angling sometimes makes them flinch and fail the shot and may make them damage gun breech or take out the commander and/or the loader instead of the gunner and the driver, allowing SU-85M to fire back at them again, retreat or ram them to allow teammates to finish them off. For the same reason it is better to keep distance from intense firefights, as there is no telling when your luck will run out.

The post-penetration survivability is very poor due to the cramped interior, an explosive AP shell is likely to knock out 2 to 4 crew members. Against solid AP shells the SU-85M can survive a few penetrations, but explosive shells are still more common. A penetration on the left side is generally fatal regardless of a mode, since all 3 crucial crew members are sitting in a straight line, which is why angling is a reasonable strategy even if it does little more than inconvenience SU-85M opponents.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull, superstructure)
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet, driver's hatch)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 75 mm (52°) ''Front glacis'' 45 mm (60°) ''Lower glacis'' || 45 mm ''Bottom'' 45 mm (41°) ''Engine compartment'' || 45 mm (49°) ''Upper glacis'' 45 mm (49°) ''Lower glacis'' || 20 mm 20 + 10 mm ''Engine vents''
|-
| Superstructure || 75 mm (52°) ''Front glacis'' 70 mm (52°) ''Driver's hatch'' 75 + 75 mm (spherical) ''Gun mantlet'' || 75 mm ''Gun mantlet'' 45 mm (19°) 45 mm (cylindrical) ''Cupola well'' || 45 mm 20 mm ''Rear hatch'' || 20 mm
|-
| Cupola || colspan="3" style="text-align:center" | 45 mm (cylindrical) || 20 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Mudguards and fuel barrels are not modeled as armour.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=710|rbMinHp=442}}

Being based on a T-34 chassis, the mobility of the SU-85M also feels similar to the T-34-85. The top speed of 55 km/h and a powerful 500 hp engine allow it to manoeuvre around the battlefield quite easily, though it might sometimes feel sluggish when accelerating, especially with stock engine modifications. Its wide tracks greatly improve the handling on muddy or soft terrains, giving it great off-road mobility. The hull traverse speed is adequate for quick turns in an urban environment or keeping up with a flanker, but often a forward acceleration is needed to turn the hull quicker. The reverse speed, however, is only -8 km/h on average which can get the player killed as it prevents the SU-85M from retreating back to safety quickly.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|D-5S (85 mm)}}

The SU-85M is armed with the 85 mm D-5S cannon, similar to the one used by the famous T-34-85. Just like the T-34's cannon, the D-5S comes with a variety of shells for different scenarios, including APHE, APCR and HE. These shells are all very capable of penetrating common opponents (eg. Tiger H1, Chi-Ri, Pz.IV 70) at an appropriate distance, and the damage of the APHE shells are one of the best.

However, the SU-85M's firepower is greatly limited by the traverse angles. The insufficient gun depression of only -3 degrees is very restricting, it is even worse than the SU-85 and T-34-85, preventing the SU-85M from combating in a hilly battlefield. The aiming speed of the gun is also not fast, meaning it can be vulnerable to flankers and fast targets. Lastly, just like most tanks at this stage, the SU-85M is aimed by a gunsight whose magnification tops at 3.5x which is not helpful for long range engagements.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[D-5S (85 mm)|85 mm D-5S]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 60 || rowspan="2" | -3°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±8° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 7.0 || 9.8 || 11.8 || 13.1 || 13.9 || rowspan="2" | 9.62 || rowspan="2" | 8.51 || rowspan="2" | 7.84 || rowspan="2" | 7.40
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 4.8 || 5.6 || 6.8 || 7.5 || 8.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:D-5S (85 mm)/Ammunition|BR-365K, BR-365A, BR-365P, O-365K}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''60''' || 46 ''(+14)'' || 31 ''(+29)'' || 12 ''(+48)'' || 1 ''(+59)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Racks disappear after you've fired all shells in the rack.
* Flanks and front hull empty: 13 ''(+47)'' shells.

== Usage in battles ==

As a tank destroyer, the SU-85M's job is to hunt down and ambush tanks and destroy them. When aiming at a tank, prioritize the area the enemy gunner sits at as if the first shot does not completely destroy the enemy vehicle, the downed gunner forces the enemy to fallback as the SU-85M goes through the lengthy reload time.

Do not attempt to brawl with this vehicle as it is unsuited for mobile, frontal assaults due to the fixed gun traverse and height differences. Keep calm and wait for the enemy to roll into the gun sights instead so while the enemy panics upon the sight of the tank destroyer, the SU-85M can use this time to aim for a good hit.

Heavy tanks and medium tanks should be engaged with caution due to their lethality against the SU-85M's armour. Heavy tanks are a concern as some have enough armour and/or angling to prevent a reliable penetration by the 85 mm, like the [[M4A3E2 (76) W|M4A3E2 (76) W Jumbo]], [[IS-1]], [[IS-2]], and [[Tiger H1|Tiger I]]. Have them distracted against teammates first and attack them when they lose focus, as otherwise they will immediately take defensive stance against you. While they are engaged against teammates or otherwise distracted, aim the 85 mm onto weak points on their front armour, or flank around and attack them on their side armour. Though most medium tanks will be able to be destroyed by an 85 mm shot, some medium tanks with angled armour could resist the 85 mm shot by a high degree such as [[Panther D|Panthers]].

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

[[Panther A]]/[[Panther D|D]] - The Panthers are one of the most common tanks around BR 5.7, and they pose a great threat with their deadly long 75 mm cannon, tall profile, thick sloped frontal armour and adequate speed. You want to avoid engaging them at long range as the SU-85M has only x3.5 scope magnification, making long-range shooting super hard. Engage the Panthers within 500 m and avoid shooting their frontal hull, unless you have high ground. Their biggest weak spot is the gun mantlet, which is only 100 mm thick and has a flat part in the middle. That is where you want to aim at, the SU-85's APHE has sufficient damage to destroy half of the Panther crew even from its turret. The second weak spot is the sides, which more often than not instantly destroys the vehicle. Generally, APHE is enough to deal with the Panthers, and no APCR is needed. The APHE shell loves to chew through the Panther's thin side armour, even if it's a bit angled.

[[Tiger H1]]/[[Tiger E|E]] - The Tiger's weak spots are the opposite with the Panthers. Their hull is unsloped and rather thin, while the gun mantlet is weirdly shaped and can absorb quite some shells. The best engaging range remains the same, within 500 m. If the Tiger is angling, aim at the turret ring to disable the gunner and destroy the turret traverse, or aim at the hull side below the side skirt, which is only 60 mm. If it is not angling, aim between the driver's vision port and the MG for an instant kill. Avoid shooting at these two parts as they will bounce/absorb shells every time. For the Tiger E, don't shoot at the lower glacis as there will be add-on tracks installed there, making it harder to penetrate. Its transmission will also absorb all damage.

[[Panzer IV/70(V)|Panzer IV/70]], [[Jagdpanzer 38(t)]] - These small tank destroyers with their well-angled frontal armour can be quite a problem from a distance. With APHE, you can disable their transmission by shooting at their lower glacis. Now if you can, flank them. The 85 mm APHE does a great job at penetrating sloped, thin armour, so you don't have to get to their absolute sides. For the Pz IV/70, you can also aim at the downward part of the gun mantlet since the shell might ricochet downwards into the hull, knocking out every crew member. The Jagdpanzer 38(t) doesn't have this problem, so side-shooting is required to destroy it effectively.

[[M4A3E2 (76) W]] - Engage with caution. The 76 mm could penetrate through the front hull with ease at average combat ranges. The front hull armour is impervious to APCR in most cases and will block APHE shots if angled correctly. Focus on weak spots such as the lower side armour and the turret ring, or even the shot trap on the lower sections of the gun mantlet. Attack from high ground to negate its angled armour or destroy the cannon and rush it down, if you must.

[[Sturer Emil]] - Picking a long-range fight with a Sturer Emil from the front is suicide, the Emil's 128 mm will reach and penetrate the SU-85M before it is in position to fire back. Only engage if certain the Emil is unaware of the {{PAGENAME}}'s presence on its flanks, or point it out to allies for more mobile friendlies to engage and destroy it. Allies could also divert its attention from the SU-85M to allow for an 85 mm shot into the thin armour on it. If you have to attack it head-on, load HE and pray to fire first, as the Sturer Emil can destroy the SU-85M in one hit. If a hit was successful, it will lose most of its crew (which should be enough for it to count as dead in RB), after this attempt to move out of its gun range and finish it off if it's still alive.

[[Nashorn]]: Same as the Sturer Emil, but this tank does not have a chance to survive an HE shell and it moves much faster.

[[M10 (Family)|M10]], [[M18 Hellcat (Family)|M18]] and [[M36 Jackson (Family)|M36]] - If you can, load HE before engaging them to obliterate them in one hit anywhere, as they a tendency to survive APHE shots and are way too dangerous to SU-85M to be left alive. If you have APHE loaded, aim for the turret or the middle of the tank.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Modest upper frontal plate protection can sustain shots from short tanks, even at closer ranges if angled
* 85 mm gun is effective against most vehicles with its adequate penetration and destructive damage
* Access to BR-365P APCR to penetrate tougher tanks
* Upgraded APHE offers higher one-shot potential for only 10 mm of flat penetration at point blank, which is mostly irrelevant at the BR
* Good speed of 40 km/h with great manoeuvrability on most angles and surfaces
* Low silhouette

'''Cons:'''

* Vulnerable to tall tanks like the [[Panther A]] and needs high ground and long range or high user skill to beat them on equal elevation, as they often also can deflect its shells at random
* Driver hatch and area around cupola are weak spots that often can be penetrated by German and Japanese tanks even when angling
* Penetration on the left side is always fatal, very vulnerable to HEAT and other special shells for this reason
* -3 degrees gun depression is painful, cannot aim down even on a gentle slope, the SPG will have to unangle and expose itself to attack downwards at close to medium range
* Cannon turns slowly enough for an enemy to jump out from the opposite direction, aim and do a close range shot (from 250 m) before the SU-85M can return fire accurately
* Comes without a turret, making it vulnerable in certain situations (but also less visible)
* Very average reverse speed of -9 km/h
* Reload can be too long for what the SU-85M must face, so fights should be picked carefully

== History ==

===Development===
The development for this vehicle began in 1943 to supplement the firepower the [[T-34 (1942)|T-34]] and [[KV-1 (ZiS-5)|KV-1]] has. Before then, the T-34 and KV-1 tanks are more than adequate to deal with the German Panzer forces, but by the end of 1942, the appearance of the [[Tiger H1|Tiger I]] revealed that the German armoured forces were becoming more developed and more armoured. This reveal showed the Red Army that needed better guns in order to deal with the rising threat of these new German vehicles.

The search for a better gun led to the development of the D-5 85 mm gun, which was a modified anti-aircraft gun made by design bureaus of Vasiliy Grabin and Fyodor Petrov. It was found that the new gun was unable to be mounted on the current T-34 or KV-1, so it was to be mounted as a self-propelled gun like the [[SU-122]], which is a self-propelled gun made on a T-34 chassis. The vehicle to be produced was designated the [[SU-85]] and was similar to the SU-122, just replacing the 122 mm gun with an 85 mm one. The gun that was to be mounted in the self-propelled configuration was designated the D-5S (S for self-propelled) and the vehicle was produced at the Uralmash factory. Modifications were made overtime during its production such as a telescopic sight and a new ball gun mantlet, these modified vehicles were designated the "SU-85-II". Up to 2,050 units were produced from mid-1943 to late 1944.

===Combat usage===
The SU-85 saw service in August 1943 in Soviet service, which coincides the time the Soviets engage in a counteroffensive against the Battle of Kursk. It was praised for its low profile to be able to conceal itself and its excellent mobility. The initial production batch had low visibility due to lack of optics, with only four periscopes in the design, but this was improved on the '''SU-85M''' with a commander's cupola seen on the later variants of the T-34. The 85 mm gun was able to destroy a Tiger tank from 1000 meters out, proving much capable against the newer German tank designs. Though capable, its firepower was still seen as lacking considering the Tiger could still destroy it and T-34s from up to 2,000 meters away. The lack of range on the SU-85, plus the up-arming of T-34s from the 76.2 mm F-34 gun to the same 85 mm gun as well in the [[T-34-85]] caused the production of the SU-85 to be cancelled in late 1944 as it no longer provided any beneficial firepower over the standard tank unit.

Even after it was retired from Soviet service, replaced by the more powerful [[SU-100]], it was exported to Soviet allies in the Warsaw Pact after World War II. The SU-85s were either kept as tank destroyers or converted into armour recovery or command vehicles. These vehicles saw service in North Korea, Vietnam, and may still be in service today by Central European countries like Albania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, and Romania.

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
The increasing armour thickness of the enemy's new heavy tanks necessitated a more powerful SPG. A newly planned 100 mm weapon was being reworked. So in July 1944, the 85 mm D-5-S85 cannon was installed in a newly designed SPG cabin with thicker 75 mm frontal armour, a spacious fighting compartment and a command cupola. This SPG was designated SU-85M and was produced until December 1944. The vehicle, equipped with a new gun mantlet, fired at a rate of 6-8 shots per minute. Its elevation angle was -5° to +25°, and its traversing angle was 20° (up to 10° to each side). In contrast to the SU-85, the vehicle's ammunition capacity was increased to 60 shells. The SPG's crew used PPSh submachine guns and F-1 hand grenades for self-defence.

In 1944, 315 SU-85M SPGs were manufactured in total.

The SPGs were used as cover for medium tanks and to offer them fire support when necessary. They were able to quickly move around the front both defensively and offensively. In defence, SU-85s often made use of ambush tactics. The vehicles hid at convenient distances along the enemy tanks' path and, letting them approach to within 300-600 m, opened precision fire. Before T-34-85 tanks went into mass production, this SPG was the primary means of effective battle against German tanks and played the important role of a mobile tank destroyer in the Red Army.

Captured SPGs of this type were used by the Wehrmacht. There were entire regiments of tank destroyers consisting of these vehicles - the 23rd Tank Division, for example.

SU-85 and SU-85M SPGs were put into service in the Polish Army.

In spite of all the SPG's advantages, its firepower was insufficient to combat enemy heavy tanks at long ranges.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_su_85m Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|I-lKNF88H8k|'''Sub Request, SU-85M. Oh this is gonna hurt....''' - ''Joseph 2000''|soEbO1dEJUM|'''SU-85M - Surprisingly excellent!''' - ''Oxy''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[SU-122]]
* [[SU-85]]
* [[SU-100]]
* [[SU-122P]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[Panzer IV/70(V)]]

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:SU-85|[Wikipedia] SU-85]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/soviet/soviet_SU-85.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> SU-85]

{{USSR tank destroyers}}

XM1 (Chrysler)

2024-02-09T07:40:19Z

U91234167: The XM1 Chrysler is at 9.0... the Type 90 is 11.0, the 2A5 is at 11.7 and the 2A4 is at 10.3... the XM1 will never face them?

{{Specs-Card
|code=us_xm1_chrysler
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} American medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]]. The XM-1 (Chrysler) is an Xbox One exclusive vehicle, only available from the [https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/p/war-thunder-xm-1-chrysler/bxntjdjgsk54?activetab=pivot:overviewtab Microsoft store].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The armour on this vehicle is not very good. Most APFSDS at this rank will have no issue penetrating the armoured zones with ease. In a down-tier, you will be able to soak up some damage when being hit by weaker rounds, but not much.

'''Armour type:'''

* Spaced armour (Hull front)
* Composite armour (Turret front)
* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 50.8 mm (81°), 38.1 mm (81°) ''Upper glacis'' 76.2* mm + 38.1* mm (25°), 31.75 mm (68°) ''Lower glacis'' || 19 mm ''Sponson'' 38.1 mm ''Front'' 27.6 mm ''Rear'' || 31.75 mm (6-56°) || 31.75 mm ''Front'' 25.4 mm ''Sides'' 5 mm ''Engine grilles''
|-
| Turret || 38.2** mm (32°) + 102** mm ''Turret cheeks'' 203 mm (5-58°) ''Gun mantlet'' 38.1 mm (68-81°), 50.8 mm (77°) ''Upper'' 25 mm (78-81°) ''Turret underside'' || 38 mm (36°) ''Left'' 38 mm (35°) ''Right'' || 12.7 mm (40-49°) || 31.75 mm ''Front'' 25.4 mm ''Rear'' 12.7 mm ''Blowout panels''
|-
| Cupola || 25.4 mm || 25.4 mm || 25.4 mm || 25.4 mm
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Spaced armour* !! Front
|-
| Hull || 225 mm ''Kinetic'' 155 mm ''Chemical''
|-
! Composite armour** !! Front
|-
| Turret || '''Turret front:''' 240 mm ''Kinetic'' 550 mm ''Chemical''
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick while tracks are 30 mm thick
* 38 mm RHA plate separates the fighting compartment from the engine
* 38 mm RHA plate between the driver and fuel tanks
* Side skirts are 6.35 mm thick

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=2,357|rbMinHp=1,345}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M68 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M68 (105 mm)|105 mm M68]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 55 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 34.27 || 47.44 || 57.60 || 63.70 || 67.76 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 21.42 || 25.20 || 30.60 || 33.84 || 36.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:M68 (105 mm)/Ammunition|M728, M456, M393A2, M416, M735}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''55''' || 53 ''(+2)'' || 48 ''(+7)'' || 25 ''(+30)'' || 1 ''(+54)'' || No
|-
|}

* Rack 4 is a first-stage ammo rack

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|4}}

{{main|M85 (12.7 mm)|M240 (7.62 mm)|M60D (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M85 (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M85]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 1,080 (180) || 626 || -9°/+65° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M60D (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M60D]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 1,000 (100) || 651 || -10°/+50° || ±120°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M240 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M240]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 6,000 (200) || 941 || ±6° || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


This vehicle is best used as a support tank to flank and knock out other tanks from their flanks and not as a "brawler". Instead of charging full speed into the enemy head on. This tank is best suited to attacking from the flank. Flanking is where this tank succeeds, using its speed and manoeuvrability to get to the rear or sides of the enemy. Another good tactic is to shoot-and-scoot to maximize the manoeuvrability and gun over an opponent.

This tank can also be used to devastating effect in urban combat. In urban combat, it is advised that you never go alone, stay with or behind friendly tanks, and do not rush forward. If you play an ambush and defensive style of combat, at least at the beginning of the match, it is likely you will be able to get multiple kills/assists and should be able to stop the enemy push. If your team is winning, and the enemy is outnumbered, it may be possible to push forward quickly but cautiously, in order to flank and catch enemies off guard, hopefully securing victory for your team.

The survivability of the XM-1 (Chrysler): The XM-1 has relatively weak armour, but it is oddly survivable. It is somewhat rare to get killed by a single shot when playing the XM-1. Usually, it takes two or more shots to take it out, thanks to the spacey interior, and the blowout ammo racks in the turret. However a single HEATFS hit will render you knocked out of the fight.
Sometimes it takes up to 10 badly aimed or unlucky shots to take out the XM-1, this is especially true for long-range shots. To further increase the survivability odds, use the terrain to cover you, after firing a shot reverse back and pop out again like a jack in a box. The excellent mobility of this fine tank allows for this to achieved, and used well it can turn the tide of a impending defeat to a victory.

Some enemies to be concerned about:

[[T-64B]]: Aim for the drivers hatch if you facing it frontally. If possible, get around its side and hit it dead under the turret, you will blow up its ammo racks this way.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very good speed, manoeuvrability and acceleration
* Very fast turret traverse
* Excellent manoeuvrability/speed
* Not one, not two, but three secondary machine guns
* Blow out ammo rack prevents an ammo shot from destroying the tank immediately

'''Cons:'''

* Average gun against enemies
* While it has composite armour, it is useless against most weapons it will face
* Gun is sub-par; same APFSDS round (360 mm of penetration point-blank) as on the Type 74 and M60A1 RISE (P)
* Front plate is made up of spaced armour, which doesn't provide the protection comparable to composite
* Similar ammo storage to the M1 Abrams, has the same side weak spot (although it is rarely exploited, due to the sub-par armour everywhere else)
* Tracks are very noisy (louder than the engine!)

== History ==


It started in the early 1970s, at the height of the Cold War and the arms race. After the joint German-American project to create the MBT-70 main battle tank was closed, and the new all-American XM803 project was deemed an insufficient and too expensive response to the newest Soviet developments, the US Department of Defense developed a new list of requirements for the future American main battle tank. Two engineering giants joined the contest: the Chrysler and General Motors companies. Both contestants decided to use the developments for the MBT-70 and XM803 to design a new tank. Many corrections and additions were made to the tactical and technical requirements of the American government, first and foremost, on the defensive characteristics of the future main battle tank. The requirements for the tank's armour and survivability increased, along with its maintainability in the field. In addition, the Arab-Israeli conflict showed that a modern tank must have the ability to effectively destroy armoured targets at long distances, including with kinetic shells, and also have a sufficiently large complement of shells. In spite of the changes and additions to the technical specification, the contestants managed to achieve their goals, and by 1976, they presented their developments, the experimental prototypes of the XM-1 tank, for testing. Both vehicles were outwardly very similar, with practically identical dimensions. They were alike in their layouts and used the same 105 mm M68 rifled cannon. Both tanks turned out very well. Which prototype did the military choose, and why?

The XM-1 (GM), the contest model from General Motors, became a further development of ideas and technological solutions for the MBT-70 and XM803 projects, including the diesel powertrain and mixed undercarriage with six roller wheels per side, three with hydraulic suspension and three with torsion bar suspension. The competitor to General Motors, the Chrysler company, used their XM-1 (C) model to present not only a progressive gas-turbine engine but also a new undercarriage with seven independent roller wheels on each side with individual torsion bar suspension. In addition, the Chrysler engineers were able to save funds on constructing the tank by optimizing the components of the aiming equipment and the gun stabilization system. These details played a decisive role in the selection of the contractor to make the XM-1 project a reality. In spite of the fact that numerous flaws and "teething problems" arose during the project, the prototype for the USA's next-generation main battle tank was confirmed. After several cycles of correcting issues and modernizing the prototype XM-1 (C), the first vehicles began to be deployed under the designation M1 Abrams.

''-From [[wt:en/news/5515-development-xm-1-c-and-xm-1-gm-ancestors-of-the-abrams-updated-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=us_xm1_chrysler Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="200">
File:XM-1 (GM) and (C) Comparison.jpeg|Side by side comparison between a [[XM-1 (GM)]] and a {{PAGENAME}}
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|WAV4oXHb5aY|'''Premium Vehicles: XM-1 GM vs Chrysler''' - ''War Thunder Wiki''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5515-development-xm-1-c-and-xm-1-gm-ancestors-of-the-abrams-updated-en|[Devblog] XM-1 (C) and XM-1 (GM): Ancestors of the Abrams]]

{{TankManufacturer Chrysler Defense}}
{{USA medium tanks}}
{{USA premium ground vehicles}}

PT-76B

2024-01-30T09:41:35Z

U91234167: /* Ammo racks */ (I highly doubt removing a single shell will greatly enhance your survivability)

{{About
| about = Soviet light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = PT-76 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_pt_76b
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was the first amphibious tank to be implemented in the game, being introduced with [[Update 1.53 "Fire Storm"]] (although the amphibious feature was not implemented until [[Update 1.55 "Royal Armour"]]).

The PT-76B, as a light tank, has paper-thin armour but also has a powerful main gun that can engage most tanks at its battle rating. Its amphibious nature means that the tank can cover terrain and paths not normally travelled by land vehicles, allowing flexibilities on certain maps featuring water bodies.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 10 mm (80°) ''Top'' 13 mm (44°) ''Bottom'' || 13 mm ''Top'' 10 mm ''Bottom'' || 6 mm (1°) ''Top'' 6 mm (46°) ''Bottom'' || 6 mm
|-
| Turret || 15 mm (32-35°) ''Turret front'' 15 mm (19-32°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 15 mm (35°) || 15 mm (35°) || 6 mm
|-
| Cupola || 10 mm || 10 mm || 10 mm || 6 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 10 mm thick.
* Tracks are 15 mm thick.

Pretty much every tank in the game will be able to destroy the PT-76B with relative ease due to the ultra-thin armour of it. Avoid tanks with access to heavy machine guns on their turrets such as most American tanks, the [[IS-2 (1944)]], etc.

Also, keep well clear of enemy SPAA. 12.7 mm guns and above will absolutely wreck this tank. In particular, the Wirbelwind is a big threat. It has good penetration at range and will literally saturate the vehicle with autocannon shells. Just a short burst from the quad 20 mm guns will finish the PT-76B off.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=372|rbMinHp=212}}

The {{PAGENAME}} has decent mobility on land thanks to its rather light weight. It can reach its maximum speed of 49 km/h (AB) / 44 km/h (RB) easily due to its decent acceleration. Controlling it at maximum speed is not hard since its top speed is nothing special for a light tank (the ubiquitous [[M41A1]], for example, has a top speed of 72 km/h). The {{PAGENAME}} is also decently agile, being able to turn quickly in response to any events up the path. However, the vehicle does not have any type of neutral steering capability, so it will be difficult to turn on the spot. These forward mobility traits of the {{PAGENAME}} can be interrupted severely by moderate obstacles such as medium trees, wooden fences, concretes plots/barriers or stone walls; these will cause the vehicle to lose considerable amount of speed, or even be brought to a halt, especially in Realistic Battles

The maximum reverse speed is -7 km/h (AB) / -6 km/h (RB), which is too slow to allow overextend tactic (pop from behind cover, shoot, retreat behind cover), or for withdrawing from dangerous situation that the vehicle may have inadvertently driven itself into.

The amphibious feature of the {{PAGENAME}} makes the vehicle more versatile, broadening the flanking/sneaking potential and options on some maps. But this should only be exploited across smaller bodies of water, since it reaches only 12 km/h (AB) / 9 km/h (RB) in water when moving forward, and the reverse speed in water is only -7 km/h (AB) / -5 km/h (RB). These slow speeds mean that once the {{PAGENAME}} is on water, it will likely be a sitting duck if spotted. While firing from the water is an option due to the vehicle's stabilizer, the water waves and the recoil from firing may cause the vehicle to wobble, making it hard to get a good shot. On top of that when planning an amphibious trip, it is best to ensure the destination can be reached in a straight line as the vehicle turns poorly and slowly in the water and so any course corrections will take more time, which leaves the {{PAGENAME}} exposed to being spotted and taken out.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|D-56TS (76 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[D-56TS (76 mm)|76 mm D-56TS]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 40 || rowspan="2" | -4°/+30° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 19.0 || 26.4 || 32.0 || 35.4 || 37.6 || rowspan="2" | 6.50 || rowspan="2" | 5.75 || rowspan="2" | 5.30 || rowspan="2" | 5.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 11.9 || 14.0 || 17.0 || 18.8 || 20.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:D-56TS (76 mm)/Ammunition|BR-354N, 53-BR-354, BK-354M, OF-350M}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''40''' || 39 ''(+1)'' || 25 ''(+15)'' || 1 ''(+39)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Note''':

* Turret rack and rear ammo rack empty: 25 ''(+15)'' shells.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|SGMT (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[SGMT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm SGMT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,000 (250) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


As the PT-76B doesn't have much armour, avoid directly confronting enemy tanks. In order to defeat heavy/medium tanks, watch them and fire when they are not aiming or focusing on you. Use the light tank's manoeuvrability and fire rate to deliver pin-point hits onto the enemy's flanks, then retreat back in to cover before they can get a fix on the firing location. The PT-76B is also helpful in scouting enemy positions for its allies so they could bring in more firepower. As previously mentioned, this tank does not have the armour nor the crew to take on enemies head-on, so try to remain stealthy. It functions great as a scout tank.

If short to mid-range confrontation is inevitable, staying mobile makes you harder to hit while the impressive stabiliser will allow you to fire back almost unimpeded (while moving and shooting to the side, shots travel in the direction your vehicle is moving so when aiming at farther targets, remember to aim a little to one side to counteract this motion). While moving and shooting, always look where your vehicle is headed: a rock, cliff, enemy vehicle or similar obstacle could seriously ruin your PT-76B's day.

While the PT-76B has amphibious capabilities, it is not necessary to use them all the time. Keep in mind that the PT-76B can only go about 10 km/h in the water (and your large size makes you an easier target for shore-based snipers), so utilize the ability to travel on land as well. Instead, use the water to make an escape or take a shortcut. As an example, drive into the water if an enemy has spotted you, and take cover behind an off-shore rock. Driving through a river to flank the enemy is also possible if a bridge is not nearby. Take caution that reversing in the water is slow, if not nonexistent, which may get the PT-76B stuck if driven into an obstacle. Also make sure to check the map, as some maps like ''Eastern Europe'' have rivers with no way to get back onto land, or at least not many.

Otherwise, avoid directly confronting an enemy. Instead, take cover and scout. Another good tactic to use is watching the enemy - find a spot where they can't engage you and watch them. Wait for the right moment; when the enemy is reloading, aiming somewhere else, not noticing the PT-76, is attacking an ally, etc, quickly check to make sure no other enemy can target you and send a shell towards your enemy! Try to snipe at the enemy, but make sure to avoid all enemy fire, as all tanks can penetrate the PT-76's armour (even the [[GAZ-AAA (4M)]] technically has enough penetration to get through the tank's rear armour!).

The amphibious capabilities are a huge helper to the vehicle, allowing it to reach unusual sniper areas that vehicles without said capabilities could not reach (e.g. hiding behind the rocks near the jetty on Normandy). The incredible stabiliser also allows the PT-76B to simply sit in the water and blast away at enemies without them even realizing where the shots are from. Make sure to relocate after knocking out enemies or being spotted, however, as they will know the PT-76B's location and likely broadcast it to other players, most often resulting in the PT-76B being destroyed.

The HEATFS shell is powerful in terms of penetration, but the post-penetration damage is lacking compared to other Soviet shells. Oftentimes, 2 or more shots will be needed to destroy an enemy vehicle, particularly the more voluminous vehicles like the Tiger I and the Panther. It would be wise, therefore, to look up crew and module locations on enemy vehicles in order to make your shots as lethal as possible. Against open-topped and lightly-armoured vehicles, the explosive filler of the BK-354M will cause overpressure damage, resulting in a knock-out.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Low profile makes it easier to hide behind cover
* Decent acceleration and turning
* Amphibious capabilities
* Access to HEATFS shells with excellent penetration
* Has a two-plane [[gun stabilizer]] (the lowest-ranked USSR tank with it!)
* Good stabilizer works while driving at full speed on land and shooting in water
* Decent turret rotation
* Has night vision devices (NVD)

'''Cons:'''

* Very thin armour, even heavy machine guns can go through the front
* Extremely vulnerable to aircraft strafing
* Only 3 crew members: efficiency is greatly reduced when a crew member is lost
* Lightweight vehicle means it is heavily affected from collisions
* No neutral steering, makes it difficult to turn the PT-76B when not moving
* Slow reverse speed both on land and in water
* Driving in water is very slow, even when going forward
* Shooting from the water will shake the entire vehicle, but not the aim
* No armour-piercing shell with explosive filler
* Stock shell is APCR
* Limited gun depression makes it hard to use on hilly terrain

== History ==

===Development===
The purpose of light tanks fell into disuse in the course of World War II. The light tanks of every nation found themselves to be too lightly armoured and under-gunned to be of any use in the battlefield. Their mobility, which they once held with utility, was overtaken by the advancing mechanics of tanks that allow the heavier tanks to reach speed and mobility that light tanks used to monopolize. The utility of light tanks fell to specialized roles, mostly as a reconnaissance vehicle. The Soviet Union developed a light-weight vehicle for this role, with an additional requirement that the vehicle also is amphibious in operation. The amphibious operation would grant the tank a greater degree of movement over different terrain.

Prototypes of the tank started in the late 1940s, one was ''Object 740'' developed by N. Shashmurin at the VNII-100 research institute of the Chelyabinsk Tank Factory in Leningrad. The vehicle was more successful than the others for using a simple design and good cross-country travel. The amphibious operation, the water-jet propulsion, was considered a breakthrough at the time. A prototype of this vehicle began to be built in 1950 at the Kirov Plant and adopted on August 6, 1951, after trials. This vehicle became designated as the ''PT-76'' and production began at the Stalingrad Tractor Factory. An upgrade was made in 1957 that replaced the initial D-56T gun with a D-56TM with a muzzle brake and fume extractor, as well as new observations and radios for the expense of a taller profile. Another upgrade in 1959 was made that added the D-56TS gun with stabilization and NBC protection capabilities on the '''PT-76B'''. Production lasted from 1951 to 1969 for a total of about 12,000 PT-76 built.

===Combat usage===
The PT-76 saw use in the Soviet Union, who used it as their standard reconnaissance tank and in naval operations. The PT-76 stayed stationed at various bases during the Cold War but did not see much combat with the Soviet Union, staying until it was replaced by the infantry fighting vehicle BMP-1. Despite its replacement, the PT-76 stayed in reconnaissance companies and battalions and in the naval infantry units, as well as having a much better gun than the BMP-1. The PT-76 may still be in Russian service today in reserves as some have been reported to been used during the war in Chechnya. The PT-76 also served in various specialized roles such as an anti-aircraft mount.

The PT-76 was exported in large numbers to up to 25 different countries allied with the Soviet Union. Of these, Vietnam has the best combat record due to the Vietnam War, the PT-76 was a large part of the North Vietnamese Army's armoured force during the conflict. The PT-76 first successful action in Vietnam was in the Battle of Làng Vây in February 1968, where 13 PT-76s of the NVA 202nd Armoured Regiment fought against up to 500 defenders of the camp. The PT-76s were able to overrun the camp despite the defender's use of M40 recoilless rifles and M72 rocket launchers, which accounted for three PT-76 kills. Another combat engagement was in the Battle of Ben Het when the NVA 202nd Armoured Regiment was ordered to attack the base there. The PT-76 detonated a mine on the border of the camp, alerting to their presence. Several M48 Pattons of the 1/69th armour battalion was sent to engage the tanks, but one got hit by a PT-76 round and had two crewmen killed. By dawn after sporadic firefights between the Pattons and NVA tanks, the scene revealed two knocked out PT-76s and a BTR-50 APC. It was in 1972 where the PT-76 served as the testbed of an important American weapons development. Two helicopters on May 9 were scouring the countryside for enemy targets for its new armaments, it was at this time that the NVA attacked a camp at Ben Het. The helicopters responded, firing the experimental XM26 launchers at PT-76s and accounted for three PT-76 destroyed. This was the first combat usage of what would be the TOW anti-tank missile.

Aside from Vietnam, the PT-76 also served in the Indian forces during the Indo-Pakistani Wars, the Six-Day War and Yom Kippur War on both sides, the Angolan Civil War in Cuban and MPLA service, in the Iran-Iraq War in Iraqi service, and the Yugoslav wars.

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
The first experimental model of the PT-76 light aquatic tank received the factory title of "Object 740" and was assembled at the ChKZ in February, 1950. It immediately began factory testing. Following state-run tests and the elimination of defects discovered during the testing process, "Object 740" was recommended for acceptance into the arsenal of the Soviet Army. Serial production of the tank took place at the STZ from 1952 to 1953.

Tanks from the base batch released in 1952 underwent experimental field use. As a result, further refinements were made to the vehicle's joints and components. Following field testing and experimental use, "Object 740", now called the PT-76, was accepted into the arsenal by a decree of the USSR Council of Ministers: (#3636-1447) on August 6, 1952.

During the process of serial release various changes were made to the design of the vehicle to enhance its combat capabilities and technical characteristics. Vehicles with these modifications were produced until 1959, however, an updated DT-56TM cannon was installed on the tank in 1956. During the production run 1,896 PT-76B tanks were built. Of these, over 1,200 vehicles had the DT-56T cannon.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_pt_76b Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|RkzTeKDqmnw|'''Long-serving tanks''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 06:17 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|SJoW-2_6J6o|'''Amphibious tanks''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 4:38 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|8Zol0mmU-9s|'''Why this advanced tank is matched with WW2 Vehicles''' - ''HowToPlay1337''}}

== See also ==


;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[Type 63-I]]
* [[BMP-3]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/devblog/current/825|[Devblog] PT-76B - with developer's answers]]
* [[wikipedia:PT-76|[Wikipedia] PT-76]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/coldwar/USSR/soviet_PT-76.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> PT-76 light tank (1952)]

{{USSR light tanks}}

Yak-38M

2022-11-11T11:31:39Z

U91234167: /* Further development */

{{About
| about = Soviet strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the premium version
| link = Yak-38
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=yak-38m
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "New Power"]]. Like the Harrier, it is an aircraft with a VTOL capability. The {{PAGENAME}} is externally almost identical to the Yak-38 and the few differences are difficult to identify in combat, aside from the plane's stock livery. These features are the tail boom (long and coloured in red for the 38M while short for the 38) and the forward Pitot tube (striped for the 38M and unicolour for the 38).

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,190 || 1,186 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 39.6 || 40.7 || 87.3 || 78.7 || rowspan="2" | 520
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,205 || 1,197 || 36.9 || 38.1 || 124.5 || 102.4
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 650 || 500 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 650 || < 850 || < 920 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load (NOTE: the Yak-38M's gunpods and removable internal cannon are not counted)}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Tumansky R-28V-300 (main) || 1
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | 7,240 kg || colspan="2" rowspan="2" | 502 kg/m2
|-
| colspan="2" | Kolesov RD-38 (lift jets) || 2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 6m fuel || 20m fuel || 22m fuel
|-
| 1,420 kg (main) || colspan="2" | Vectored-thrust axial-flow turbojet
| rowspan="2" | 8,065 kg || rowspan="2" | 9,716 kg || rowspan="2" | 9,990 kg || rowspan="2" | 10,300 kg
|-
| 210 kg (lift jet) || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum main engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio in forward flight @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 6m fuel || 20m fuel || 22m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 7,120 kgf || N/A
| 0.88 || 0.73 || 0.71 || 0.69
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 7,120 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.88 || 0.73 || 0.71 || 0.69
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum lift engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio in VTOL (all 3 engines) @ 0 m (100%)
|-
| ''Stationary'' || {{Annotation|3,230 kgf|13,580 kgf total thrust in VTOL (split over 3 engines)}}|| N/A
| 1.68 || 1.40 || 1.36 || 1.32
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The Yak-38 has no armour. It is a fairly large target with the entire fuselage being taken up with engines and fuel tanks.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Cross}} || {{Cross}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|GSh-23L (23 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** Without offensive armament
** 1 x 23 mm GSh-23L cannon, mounted under fuselage (160 rpg)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|OFAB-100 (100 kg)|OFAB-250sv (250 kg)|FAB-500M-54 (500 kg)|Kh-23M|R-60}}
{{main|S-5KP|S-8M|S-24B|GSh-23L (23 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 2 x 23 mm GSh-23L cannons (250 rpg = 500 total)
* 4 x 23 mm GSh-23L cannons (250 rpg = 1,000 total)
* 10 x 100 kg OFAB-100 bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg OFAB-250sv bombs (500 kg total)
* 4 x 250 kg OFAB-250sv bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg FAB-500M-54 bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg FAB-500M-54 bombs + 2 x 250 kg OFAB-250sv bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 64 x S-5KP rockets
* 64 x S-5KP rockets
* 96 x S-5KP rockets
* 40 x S-8M rockets
* 2 x S-24B rockets
* 4 x S-24B rockets
* 2 x S-24B rockets + 32 x S-5KP rockets
* 2 x R-60 missiles
* 2 x R-60 missiles + 2 x 23 mm GSh-23L cannons (250 rpg = 500 total)
* 2 x R-60 missiles + 2 x 100 kg OFAB-100 bombs (200 kg total)
* 2 x R-60 missiles + 2 x 250 kg OFAB-250sv bombs (500 kg total)
* 2 x R-60 missiles + 32 x S-5KP rockets
* 2 x R-60 missiles + 64 x S-5KP rockets
* 2 x R-60 missiles + 2 x S-24B rockets
* 2 x Kh-23M missiles

== Usage in battles ==

The Yak-38 is not very fast (you can reach Mach 1 in a slight dive when carrying minimum loadout) and not very nimble (bad energy retention in tight turns) so you'll lose many engagements with dedicated boom and zoom and dogfight optimised aircraft. What really makes this plane shine is the customizable loadout as well as its amazing rate of climb (101.2 m/s when spaded) and acceleration.

Due to your low speed it is wise to avoid high altitude combat as you'll be pitted against supersonic interceptors at this BR. Try to stay low and either ground pound or destroy enemy attackers. Doing this your main opponents are F-86 and Harrier variants. Both of which will out-turn you in a dogfight.

You have two options for dogfighting aircraft:

Use your climb rate to get into an advantageous position. You can out-climb almost all aircraft of your battle rating. And as long as you stay at lower altitudes you'll most likely be able to avoid those aircraft that can out-climb you.

Switch to hover mode. The Yak's hover mode can only be engaged at speeds below 450 km/h so you have to plan ahead a bit or react really fast once you slow down enough. Your goal here should be to get into the center of the enemies turning circle. When executed correctly it is impossible for the enemy to get their aim on you, while you are still perfectly able to fire at them. And if they disengage they set themselves up for you to lock on with AAMs. But be aware that engaging hover mode will make you an easy target for other aircraft that are not part of the dogfight so it's best used in 1 on 1 situations.

'''Air-to-air'''

The Yak-38M has several air-to-air options for its loadout. You can also set one additional 23 mm gun-pod as offensive weapon in your modifications menu. Keep in mind that gun pods add a substantial amount of drag and heavily impact your climb and turn rate and are not dropped after expending their ammo.

All combinations of gun-pods, R-60 and S-24B are viable but emphasize on different ways to approach enemy aircraft.

* Central gun-pod + R-60 keeps your drag quite low and still leaves you with a main gun after firing both missiles.
* Everything from two gun-pods (2 x pods or central pod + 2 x pods) up creates a high volume of fire and makes the Yak-38M deadly in head-on approaches. This can be combined with R-60 for taking out faster planes.
* 4 pods (5 with central pod) give an incredible burst mass of over 40 kg/s and will shred everything in a head-on approach. In many cases this will be overkill though. The pods can't be fired independently and trigger discipline is required to not run out of ammo too fast. Also there is no R-60 in this config.
* 2 x R-60 + 2 x S-24B (+ central pod) opens up the possibility to make snapshots on passing enemies with very deadly anti-bunker rockets. With a bit of practise and setting a detonation distance you are comfortable with the S-24B can be used to reliably take out every plane in its large burst radius. Can also be used in head-on approaches but in contrast to adding more gun-pods they won't create any drag after you have fired them.

'''Air-to-ground'''

You have access to a ballistics computer for your rockets and guns. A ballistics computer is not available for bombs.

As with the Su-7 it gives you firing solutions for your guns on ground and missiles on ground.

The loadout you should choose depends heavily on whether you are playing Air RB or Ground RB. For Air RB gun-pods and rocket-pods are most useful to take out groups of smaller ground targets like vehicles, light tanks, howitzers, etc.

The available bomb loadout is not sufficient to be threatening to enemy bases in any way, so it is recommended to not attempt to bomb enemy bases.

For Ground RB the Kh-23M gives you access to two beam riding ATGMs with an TNT equivalent of almost 100 kg. As with all beam riding missiles you will be an easy target while keeping your nose pointed at the enemy. As you will face SPAAs equipped with SAMs at this BR, taking 2 x 500 kg bombs might be more useful depending on the situation and composition of the enemy team.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* VTOL capabilities
* Very high rate of climb
* Numerous payload options
* Offensive 23 mm cannons have a very high fire rate
* Split elevator

'''Cons:'''

* Subsonic
* Boom and zoom only playstyle
* Offensive 23 mm cannon has low ammo for its fire rate, trigger discipline is required
* Offensive 23 mm belts is a Tier III modification

== History ==

=== [[wt:en/news/6942-development-yak-38-yak-38m-hover-jet-en|Devblog]] ===
Although Soviet engineers were experimenting with VTOL fixed wing aircraft design since the early 1960's, it wasn't until December 1967 before a formal order to develop a light VTOL strike aircraft as well as a corresponding trainer version was issued. As a result, engineers at the Yakovlev design bureau began work on the new aircraft in the late 1960's, basing their design on experience gained from developing the preceding Yak-36 - an early VTOL demonstration design.

The new aircraft, designated Yak-36M, was being developed for immediate frontline service, operating both from land bases as well as aircraft-carrying ships. The aircraft's primary role was that of a strike aircraft, engaging ground and surface targets while also being suited to intercept enemy aircraft and helicopters if necessary.

Not too long after work on the project began, the first prototype saw completion and conducted its maiden flight in December 1970. Subsequent prototypes and trials continued testing the aircraft's performance, particularly its novel VTOL capabilities. By 1973, the aircraft was considered ready and serial production commenced.

After some further testing and crew training, the aircraft officially entered service with the Soviet Navy in August 1977, receiving the designation Yak-38. By 1982, over 140 Yak-38's were built, all of which served aboard the then new Kiev-class aircraft carriers. In the mid 1980's, the modernized Yak-38M version came into service, most prominently featuring more powerful engines as well as other improvements. About 50 Yak-38M's were built before the type was ultimately decommissioned in 1991.

=== Further development ===
The Yak-38M was seen as a stepping stone to a better VTOL aircraft by the Yakovlev Design Bureau. A large part of the Yak-38M design would end up in the Yak-41M which instead of having 2 nozzles, would instead pivot a much larger single engine exhaust while still retaining the 2 lift engines at the front, and unlike the Yak-38M it was supersonic capable. In the Western world it was known as the Yak-141 while inside the Soviet military it was the Yak-41M. When the Cold War ended and funding for the project was cut Yakovlev looked for other companies that would like to enter a partnership. In 1991 Yakovlev would enter a partnership with Lockheed-Martin and due to this relationship officially change the designation of the 2 flying prototypes to Yak-141. Lockheed-Martin would end up using the experience they gained from this on their X-35 plane which would end up being the F-35 family of planes, the F-35B is the one that has the general engine layout of the Yak-141.

Note that neither of the aforementioned aircraft are in War Thunder at the time of writing.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=yak-38m Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" caption="Yak-38M Devblog Images" heights="200">
File:Yak-38M WTWallpaper 001.jpg|
File:Yak-38M WTWallpaper 002.jpg|
File:Yak-38M WTWallpaper 003.jpg|
File:Yak-38M WTWallpaper 004.jpg|
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|1yFd8lx7vQI|'''Yakovlev Yak-38 Soviet Naval Aviation''' - ''yolkhere''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Yak-38]]

;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* [[Harrier (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6942-development-yak-38-yak-38m-hover-jet-en|[Development] Yak-38 & Yak-38M: Hover Jet]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/504154-yak-38m/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[wikipedia:Yakovlev_Yak-38|[Wikipedia] Yakovlev Yak-38]]
* [http://www.airvectors.net/avredvt.html <nowiki>[Air Vectors]</nowiki> Soviet Jet VTOL: Yak-36, Yak-38, & Yak-41]

{{AirManufacturer Yakovlev}}
{{USSR jet aircraft}}

Damage mechanics

2022-02-13T03:21:35Z

U91234167: /* Normalization */ Pretty sure APCR-FS doesn't exist.

[[File:Dogfight P51D5vFw190A5.jpg|700px|framless|border|right|A [[P-51D-5|P-51D-5 Mustang]] successfully clipping the left wing on a [[Fw 190 A-5|Fw 190A-5]]]]
__TOC__

== Damage calculation ==
=== Aviation ===
The game's engine simulates every bullet that is fired for over 2 km before they are deleted, with exceptions for bigger shells such as those fired by the [[Me 410 A-1/U4|50mm Bk5]] or [[Mosquito FB Mk XVIII|57mm Vickers]] cannons. The different shells also have different effects on module damage. More of these shell effects can be read in the '''[[:Category:Ammunition|Ammunition section]]'''.
Every aircraft has its skin airfoil and material modeled, too. It is therefore possible to see a tracer shell ricochet off an enemy plane's duralumin skin. Some aircraft are quite well ''armoured'' from certain angles. For example, the TB-3 is constructed mainly with 3 mm of corrugated steel. The [[IL-2 (Family)|IL-2]] and [[IL-10]] series of Russian attackers are also quite durable.

====Naval targets====
Naval targets in air battles have their own damage mechanics modeled. See [[AI_ship_damage_models|this page]] for more detail.

=== Ground forces: Penetration ===
==== Line of sight thickness ====
[[File:DamageMechanics ShellPenetration LineOfSight.png|thumbnail|left|Line of sight calculation]]
<big>Llos = L / cos@</big> 
- Llos = Length line of sight (Line of sight thickness)
- L = armour plate thickness
- @ = angle of armour

==== Normalization ====
The calculation of the armour piercing effect of projectiles on sloped armour:

Before the [[Update 1.49 "Weapons of Victory"|"Weapons of Victory" update]], the armour-piercing effect calculation of an angled hit was made based on the normal principle for most tank-based games via normal line of side thickness, as seen in the picture above. 
At the same time (still before "Weapons of Victory"), for different types of shells a certain distortion of the angle of attack was taken into account depending on the type of projectile (sharp or blunt-nosed shell) and the ratio between the calibre of the projectile to the armour thickness normal (perpendicular vector). In blunt-nosed shells, the final angle which were used for calculation of the armour thickness was reduced, and in sharp-nosed shells - slightly increased, i.e. a normalization factor was artificially added after the crude line of sight thickness calculation. 
However, despite the fact that this method is good enough in most cases - the calculation results do not always completely agree with the actual results of tank armour penetration tests. This was particularly noticeable in cases of penetration with high angles of approach.

[[File:DamageMechanics ShellPenetration SharpNormalizationForces.jpg|thumbnail|left|Forces during impact with de-normalization effects]]
There are several forces applied to a real shell at the moment of impact with any armour. These forces will bend the trajectory of a projectile which is entering any armour depending on the shape of the projectile nose, the angle of attack, the relation between the calibre of the projectile and the armour thickness normal/sharp-nosed shells while hitting the armour, receive resistance in the form of a larger normal reaction “Rn” and smaller tangential reaction “Rt”. The resultant of these forces relative to the centre of inertia of a projectile creates a moment that de-normalizes the shell, which in turn increases its course through the armour.

[[File:DamageMechanics ShellPenetration BluntNormalizationForces.jpg|thumbnail|right|Blunt-nosed shell impacting, affected by normalization forces.]]Blunt-nosed shells, when hitting an obstacle with its “blunted” tip, will form a ledge in the armour, and will gain from the obstacle and ledge a greater tangential and lesser normal reactions. The moment of the resultant will angle-in the shell towards the normal and as a result it reduces the path of the projectile inside the armour.

The larger is the elongation (length-to-diameter ratio) of the projectile - the stronger is the normalization effect of the projectile. Modern APFSDS munitions have a greater elongation and during an angled hit often penetrate thicker armor than the equivalent of a plate normal. 
However, the projectiles that are modeled in our game were fairly short ones and at high angles of attack had a large de-normalizing effect - both sharp-nosed (for which this effect was bigger), and blunt-nosed (with a smaller effect). The APCR shells of the time had the maximum effect. Thus for the American 90mm APCR prototype M304 shell (''Terminal ballistic Data Vol 3'' p.157) as we can see the penetration value at an angle of attack of 55 degrees is more than 3 times less than penetration by normal (see Pic.4). If at an angle of 0 degrees of attack, the projectile could penetrate a little more than 12 inches of armour (305 mm), an angle of approach of 55 degrees makes the shell penetrate a little less than four inches (101.6 mm); '''Picture 1'''. Which is comparable with penetration values of the T33 calibre sharp-nosed shell; '''Picture 2'''
<gallery>
DamageMechanics StrikingVelocityPenetration 90mmM304.jpg|'''Picture 1''': M304 APCR prototype of the [[M26|M26 ''Pershing'']]
DamageMechanics StrikingVelocityPenetration 90mmT33.jpg|'''Picture 2''': T33 AP sharp-nosed shell
</gallery>

These graphs also display that for the calibre shell the drop of penetration from angle of attack is not as huge as for the APCR. 
In “Pic.6” you can see a photo which shows a strong drop of penetration values for APCR projectiles at high angles of attack. This test was based on the shooting of the frontal part of the Tiger 2 tank. As can be seen, both APCR projectiles - 90mm and 105mm, did not penetrate the upper side of the tank plate, but they broke through the lower one which has a smaller thickness.
<gallery>
File:DamageMechanics TigerIIHull APCR.jpg|Upper 150mm plate remains intact after being hit by advanced American shells.
File:DamageMechanics TigerIIHull Lowerglacis.jpg|Lower glacis plate penetrated by 105mm shell due to thinner armor.
</gallery>[[File:DamageMechanics 90mmM304 Statcard.jpg|thumbnail|right|"''M304 shot''" stat card showing the three different columns for armour penetration.]]
This effect [http://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/237833-devblog-penetration-mechanic-improvements/ has been reproduced in the game since update "1.49"]. For each type of projectile, and for different ratios of calibre/barrier thickness at different angles of attack - own armour penetration fall ratios. Most of the data is taken from the publications '''“WWII Ballistics: Armor and Gunnery”''' and '''“Terminal ballistic Data Vol 2 and 3.”'''.

Tooltips show this as well for each shell, they display the penetration of the shells at three different angles of attack. [[:Category:Game modes#Arcade|Arcade]] penetration indicator accounts for this effect. It also takes into account not only the first part of the tank armour, but several parts under it as well, which will give a more accurate indication of the penetration with such complex structures as gun mantlets and shielded armour.
==== Breach / Overmatch / Stamping ====
Overmatching occurs if a shell hits sloped armour that is thinner then the calibre of the tank shell. Overmatching basically neglects the sloped armour ricochet effect. This mechanic was added to the game with [[Update 1.63 "Desert Hunters"#Ground_Vehicle_visual_model._damage_model.2C_characteristic_and_weaponry_changes|Update 1.63 "Desert Hunters"]] and applies to shells 1.3x bigger in diameter than the armour thickness to have a reduced sloping effect.

The bigger the shell, the more effective overmatch is. Shells with sufficient penetration that are greater than 7x bigger in diameter than the armour thickness will ignore ricochet chance and angle of attack, acting as if the shell is impacting a flat plate.

As of 1.85.0.121 a simple formula to calculate minimum shell calibre required to achieve maximum overmatching is this: 

<big>Minimum shell calibre > Armour thickness * 7.0</big> 

This mechanic requires a shell with penetration greater than the nominal thickness of the impacted armour plate. Shells without sufficient penetration will never penetrate, no matter the calibre.

====Hull-break====
{{Notice| This mechanic is no longer in use in ground battles and has been replaced by [[#Overpressure|overpressure]]. However, hullbreak remains active in naval battles for coastal ships.}}
In [[Update 1.65 "Way of the Samurai"]], the hull-break mechanic was added into the game for thin-hulled vehicles. This generally applies to non-armoured and lightly-armoured vehicles (with up to 25 mm thickness of hull armour). Unlike the usual method of incapacitating the crew members of a vehicle to secure a destruction, the hull-break mechanics implements a hull and module based damage system to destroy these vehicles.

The [[wt:en/news/4505-the-damage-model-has-been-refined-en/|initial version]] set the criteria as "on the kinetic impact, hits with penetration of the shell of 150 mm calibre on any part of the hull or turret (inclusive of the breech). Or even hitting following penetration of few structural elements of shells of small calibre, upwards of 75 mm and higher. For HE shells, impacts by 75-76 mm HE shells to the hull or turret will be effective. For large calibre HE shells (122-152 mm) hits to chassis components will be counted as fatal."

In [[Update 1.71 "New E.R.A"]], the hull-break mechanics was refined towards kinetic shells as requiring the "need to directly hit them with a shell of high energy (more than 1.4 MJ) on one of the major internal modules. E.g. engine, transmission, breech or shell storage." In [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]], the hull-break mechanic was removed entirely from ground battles, in favour of the more advanced and realistic [[#Overpressure|overpressure]] mechanic.

====Overpressure====
In [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]], the "overpressure" mechanic was introduced, replacing the hull-break mechanic. It simulates the extreme pressures formed by the shockwave of an HE-based shell explosion, and their effect on the crew inside the vehicle. Overpressure damage calculations are run when the crew is exposed to the overpressure wave.

For open-topped vehicles, this happens whenever the vehicle is within the fragment dispersion radius of the shell's explosion. This makes them extremely vulnerable to any explosive damage.

For closed-up vehicles, this happens when explosion effect manages to penetrate the armour of the vehicle:

For HE, overpressure damage is calculated when a shell fragment from an explosion hits something inside of the vehicle, proving that explosion got inside of it. This leads to high-yield explosives nearly always taking out a vehicle in a single hit, due to the shockwave being able to move around frontal armour and to hit the entirety of the crew that way.

HEAT and HESH shells and ATGM can also create overpressure damage but are less effective at it compared to HE ammunition and seem to only affect vehicles when very thin parts of the hull or their critical weak spots are hit directly, with overall armour thickness of hit surface having to be below 15 mm RHA, since their explosive power is directed towards creating special effects (molten jet for HEAT and scabbing for HESH) instead of producing shockwaves. There are exceptions in HEAT ammunition, which can deal overpressure damage through 20 mm (select few powerful HEAT ATGM) or 30 mm RHA (most tandem missiles). Tanks with reasonable amount of armour will not take overpressure damage from HEAT, even if special effect penetrates them easily.

This mechanic affects vehicles with thin armour negatively, but, unlike with the hullbreak, any tank is potentially vulnerable to overpressure damage. As a result, it makes not only light, but also heavy tanks easier to destroy by using bombs, rockets, big HE shells or artillery strikes. To utilize the mechanic effectively, be sure to aim for a weak spots on the armour, such as roofs, vents, bellies, tank rear and overtrack sponsons, to maximize the chance of a successful penetration.

Overpressure damage can be reduced or negated by tanks with compartment separators (internal RHA screens, engine compartment being used as a shield, etc.), meaning only the crew in hit part of the tank will take damage.

==Creating digital weaponry==
The following is an exclusive essay by the Gaijin development team to explain how guns' real life behaviour is translated into the game. Hence the focus is primarily on the [[Ground vehicles|ground forces]] part of War Thunder. Also the tone of the text is more personal than usual on the WT Wikipedia.
=== Weapon ===
We really love the variety of the military technology from various countries, and we always try to tune its behavior to get it as close to the real-life version as possible. For this reason, we have to pay attention to tuning weapons as well – this is the only way we can show and give emphasis to the entire scope of variety in military vehicles, in addition to showcasing their firepower. Each weapon is unique in its own way, and in order to reproduce this uniqueness, we study a mass of documentation and scrupulously tune not only the weapons, but even each separate ammunition type for each of them. This approach allows us to convey the spirit of each military vehicle in our game as precisely as we can.

First we will tell you how we tune machine guns and cannons. Aircraft and tank weapons work on similar principles, so for the sake of this example, we'll just take one – the 122 mm D-25T cannon, which was installed on the tanks like the IS-2, IS-3 and the IS-4M. Using this weapon's tuning as an example, we'll show you how all the other weapons in the game are tuned and how they work.

The weapon parameters include such variables as its spread and the technical upper limit for its rate of fire. While tuning the weaponry, just like when we tune the shells, we use different documentation like field tests and technical documentation for the vehicles themselves. The search for correct documentation is one of the most difficult and slow processes because different sources show different and often conflicting data. Sometimes it takes time to verify the source, since we have to do reseaech of all the data available. Here we are using data from “aiming data chart of 122mm tank cannon of 1943 variant D-25T” Army publishing MO USSR Moscow, 1969, as well as “Ammunition for 122mm cannons for ground, tank and self propelled artillery. Instruction” War ministry of USSR 1952, “Artillery sergeant textbook” book one, war publishing of NKO 1944.
<gallery perrow="2" widths="300px" heights="250px">
File:Weapons DataChart 122mmcannon1943(D-25T) Book.png
File:Weapons DataChart 122mmcannon1943(D-25T) Charts.jpg|Aiming data charts for BR-471 shell, that were used in a D-25T cannon.
</gallery>
At the moment, the rate of fire in our game is an averaged value, since in real life, reload time depends on a multitude of variables. Among other things, these variables include how the ammunition is stored (when expending ammunition, this forces the loader to get shells from a less convenient place in the vehicle) and the weight and shape of the shells (for example, heavy and bulky shells get harder to reload over a longer period of time). We have plans to simulate reloading with such mechanics taken into account, which means introducing a variable rate of fire depending on the state of the ammunition, the loader's fatigue, and the position of the turret itself, which defines which ammunition stowage area is closer and which farther away. For example, the Patton houses just a small part of its ammunition right next to the gunner – the rest is in stowage areas located in a floor-level section, which take a lot longer to access. If we introduce such a system, this will mean that the first rounds will be loaded much more quickly than the current reload time, and later rounds will take much longer. This system is still only in development, however.

Rate of fire is displayed in terms of shots per second, and our weapon has a value of 0.048 shots per second, or 1 shot every 20.8 seconds. This is the minimal reload time for any round for this vehicle with maxed out crew skills.

The spread is calculated in the following way: From the firing tables we know the circular error probability (CEP) of the shot for both (horizontal and vertical) deviation axes at a distance of 1000 m. For example, the given cannon has a CEP equal to 0.3 m, so we can calculate the angle of dispersion for the weapon. As half of both axes of dispersion are equal to four CEP for either the vertical or horizontal, it equals 1.2 m in our case, which is 0.069 degrees on both the vertical and horizontal. That means that at 1000 m, the D-25T's maximum spread will amount to roughly 2.4 meters, which means that even at maximum spread, you will still hit the tank's silhouette even at that distance. Many weapons, of course, will have different mean average deviation values for horizontal and vertical and then the spread will appear to be ellipse shaped. At the same time, in half of the cases, the shell will hit at half distance from the edges closer to the center than at the maximum level of angular displacement. This is how we simulate the level of weapon accuracy comparable to the reality of real combat vehicles.

<gallery perrow="2" widths="300px" heights="250px">
File:Weapons DataChart Dispersion.jpg|Ellipse and dispersion scales by distance, by direction and by height.
</gallery> 

=== Shells ===
Now that the weapon has its primary characteristics and is ready for battle, we move on to tuning its ammunition. A great many forms of ammunition were used, and listing them all along with describing how they work is a subject for a separate and long treatise. To show the adjustments we make, we'll use one of the shells for our weapon as an example – a pointed armour-piercing high-explosive round.

<gallery perrow="2" widths="300px" heights="250px">
File:Weapons 122mm BR-471 APHE Shell.jpg
File:Weapons DamageModel Shells Fuses.png
</gallery> 

[[File:Screenshot T-34 protected by stone fence.jpg|thumb|right|The wall protects part of the tank from shrapnel and resulting shockwave from the explosion.]]
[[File:DamageMechanics ShellIcons ShellEffects Terrain.jpg|thumb|right|You can easily understand different shell effects by just looking at the shell icons.]]
First of all, we set such parameters as the shell's weight (25 kg), its calibre (0.122 m), its muzzle velocity (795 m/s), and its type (armour-piercing high-explosive – APHE). These values determine the round's ricochet and normalization, the basic kinetic damage parameters, and the round's additional properties, such as the presence of explosive material. Next we have its ballistic settings (the round's energy loss), and the chance that the round will cause a fire when it hits a fire-vulnerable module – this setting is separate from the explosive setting, and we can use it to simulate the chance of ignition from tracers (if tracer ammunition is used) or ignition from sparks produced when a round hits an obstacle.

In addition, there are settings like the round's fragmenting action, the detonator parameters and the power of the explosion itself. The explosive wave and the shrapnel broadly take into account both the shape of the landscape and any obstacles in their path (in the real world, explosives don't disperse in a straight line or from a single point). This means that a tank can hide from shockwaves and shrapnel behind various obstacles, and separate modules on a tank will protect the other modules from taking additional damage. For example, a round which penetrates the rear armour of a tank and explodes behind the engine might do no harm to the crew, as the engine blocks the shrapnel and the shockwave.

Each individual shell in our physics model has its own settings, such as the explosive power, i.e. the thickness its shockwave can penetrate at short range, and the explosion radius at which its power is maximum and at which it fully disappears. Apart from the explosion itself, the shell also has a fragmenting action which we provide as a radius, shrapnel amount and shrapnel penetration. It's also worth noting that secondary shrapnel is also added to shell shrapnel. Secondary shrapnel occurs after the target itself is penetrated.

As you can see, there are quite a few of these settings, and we consider them a very important part of allowing players to determine the required effect of a shell without reading a long list of its characteristics. This is precisely why the shell icons are different depending on their parameters. If the round has high penetration, then its icon will show exactly that. If it has an explosive substance and/or a fragmenting effect from the shell itself, this will also be added to the icon. Be careful when selecting a shell – the various shells don't just have different penetration characteristics and fragmenting actions or explosive properties, they also lose their energy differently. Note how the numerical value of armour penetration changes depending on the distance of the shot. This is shown on the shell's tooltip.

When considering the damage model, it is very important to at least point out the fact that in our game, we model the characteristics of various types of materials – glass, reinforced glass, wood and various types of metal used in both aircraft and ground vehicles. Each material has its own equivalent durability in terms of armour steel thickness. For example, we calculate that 100 mm rolled armour has an armor steel thickness equivalent to 100mm, cast armour has a 94 mm equivalent thickness, reinforced glass – 20 mm and wood – 10 mm.

===Netcode or Defining the impact point===
[[File:Yak9T_destroy_Fw190_wings.jpg|thumb|right|One critical hit on an aircraft's wing is much more effective than multiple impacts on the fuselage.]]
One of the most important questions, especially in online games, is the question of defining the impact point on an enemy when two players may have internet connections with entirely different levels of quality. This is particularly relevant in a game in which the combatants can move at high speed – in our case, in air battles.

For our game, we developed a system to define the position of each player independent of the delay they're playing with. We won't get into all the little details, but in short, this works in the following manner: the server receives only the players' own control commands (for example: joystick movement, trigger press, flap controls and so on) and their individual actions (such as activating fire extinguishers and respawn requests) and using this information, it calculates the movement and actions of each player. At the same time, it separately calculates each shell fired, including their full ballistics, including the difference between vehicle speeds (a shell will do more damage in head-on attack for the two aircraft than it would to aircraft flying away) and all the effects these shells have – all of this is independent of the vehicle's rate of fire – without any simplification! For example, the Hurricane's machine guns have a rate of fire of 1,000 shots per minute, which means that when you pull the trigger on the Hurricane Mk II, which has 12 machine guns, this aircraft alone fires 200 bullets per second into the air, each of them has their flight and trajectory individually calculated by the server! We will remind you about how damage calculation works inside the game for both aviation and ground vehicles after a hit:
[[File:Me262 intercepting B-29.png|thumbnail|right|[[B-29A-BN|B-29 ''Superfortress'']] under a head-on attack by a [[Me_262_A-1/U4|Me 262 ''Schwalbe'']]]]

* Breach check - if caliber is six times higher than plate thickness it breaches the plate automatically.
* If there is no breach - bound check.
* If there is no bound shot - then we do a penetration check, for which the following characteristics are taken into account - current penetration value, armour slope angle, and slope angle of the machine itself, angle of impact. Armour thickness is calculated and we do a check as to whether a shell can or cannot penetrate the armour. If not and the shell has explosives - it detonates and attachments can be damaged.
* If there is penetration the shell deals the damage to the armor, loses penetration value and kinetic damage proportionally to armor thickness and goes further. Also each kinetic shell creates a shard cone that can damage modules and crew in the sector.
* The shell itself goes further and when hitting any internal module all the above mentioned checks are made (excluding cases when a fragmentation shell hits armour with thickness thinner than 3-4mm - it will not generate a fragmentation cone then). Checks are made until the penetration value of a shell is enough to penetrate a module or until the fuse goes off (if the shell has explosives and armor was not thick enough to make it go off) A distance needed for the fuse is 0.5-1.5 m from the penetration point depending on caliber and type.
* When the fuse goes off the explosion follows which creates HE and fragmentary spheres of damage. Crew members and modules within the spheres may be damaged by shards and shockwave.

The server then sends the results of these calculations to each player in the session to synchronize the data, which is also calculated on the players' own systems.

Thanks to lag compensation, which consists of physical extrapolation, visual model display interpolation and time rewind with extra physical simulation, you always see the surrounding players in positions as close as possible to their real positions, which allows players to lead their opponents and target critical areas on their target regardless of the ping of any of the battle's participants (up to a certain point, of course). Any physical objects in the world, particularly heavy vehicles, possess inertia and physical properties that significantly constrict their "cone of uncertainty" – their possible states in space over a time delay – which provides a means to achieve significantly better lag compensation results than usually possible in online shooters. It also allows for creating a response in the game entirely independent of the server's reciprocal response, which means that all your actions (such as shooting and maneuvering) are applied in your client immediately and without delay. We try, as much as it is possible to do so, to ensure that delay in contacting the server does not stop players from enjoying the game, and thanks to this system, players with various levels of ping on various servers will barely notice the difference in gameplay. Only when players have extremely high ping will they see their opponents' sharp maneuvers far later and sharper than when they actually happened.

Of course, no algorithm can make up for an unstable connection, when network packets don't reach the client or the server. In such cases, players may see their opponents' maneuvers with a delay or distortion, and may even experience other problems in the game – it all depends on how often the packets drop. However, here too we have created special mechanisms to help ensure that such problems affect the players as little as possible. For example, the main movement and firing controls can suffer a packet loss of over 50%. This allows us to even further reduce the consequences of poor connections. However, it's worth remembering than any multiplayer game will be better if you have a good internet connection!

== Media ==


;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|ryx7Uxo_3X0|'''The Shooting Range #250''' - ''Special'' section at 09:08 discusses Overpressure.|srKv5v9zoGA|'''The Shooting Range #216''' - ''Special'' section at 08:28 discusses Volumetric rounds.|YzUXH6GmH2E|'''The Shooting Range #130''' - ''Tactics & Strategy'' section at 13:18 discusses Hullbreak mechanics.|rnfxWsXct9E|'''The Shooting Range #12''' - ''Science of War'' section at 03:06 discusses damage calculation.|aPfgmUwiJMA|'''The Shooting Range #10''' - ''Science of war'' section at 03:01 discusses the different types of armour.}}

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7090-development-improvements-in-the-high-explosive-action-of-ammunition-en|[Devblog] Improvements in the high-explosive action of ammunition]]
* [[wt:en/news/6856-development-volumetric-shells-in-the-raining-fire-update-en|[Devblog] Volumetric shells in the "Raining Fire" update]]
* [[wt:en/news/6010-development-improved-calculation-of-armour-penetration-in-the-game-en|[Devblog] Improved Calculation of Armour Penetration in the game]]
* [[wt:en/news/4505-the-damage-model-has-been-refined-en|[News] The damage model has been refined]]

[[Category:Game mechanics]]

KV-2 (1939)

2022-02-06T10:34:18Z

U91234167: /* Ammo racks */

{{About
| about = Soviet heavy tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = KV-2 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_kv_2_1939
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet heavy tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before [[Update 1.41]]. One of the most infamous tanks in the Soviet tree, the KV-2 introduces the concept of heavy-calibre armaments that will trend on other Soviet heavy tanks.

The KV-2 is a modification of the KV-1 that mounted a [[M-10T (152 mm)|M-10T (152mm) howitzer]] in order to provide support to infantry against fortified positions. The large and extremely heavy turret, necessary to mount the 152 mm howitzer, results in a slow traverse time. Its gun is an effective breach weapon, designed against fortifications. Despite this usage, very few were made, with the majority being lost due to breakdowns and not German attackers because none of their tanks at that time could penetrate the thick armour. The KV-2 would have been more effective if the Red Army was attacking and not defending because then they would have needed more bunker destroyers.

The KV-2 is a behemoth of a tank, which players feared due to the devastating punch of its 152 mm round and its distinctive and intimidating profile. However, these traits also serve as the tank's weaknesses. The KV-2 can be an effective force on the battlefield, and is well-loved by the community, being christened with numerous nicknames, usually in reference to its abnormally large armament calibre, large profile, or its iconic and legendary status in the Soviet tech tree. The KV-2 has also been given the title '''''"The King Of Derp"''''' by the fanbase.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 75 mm (31°) ''Front plate'' 70 mm (72°) ''Front glacis'' 25 mm (7-71°) ''Joint plate'' 75 mm (26-51°) ''Lower glacis'' || 75 mm || 60 mm (13-89°) ''Top'' 70 mm (14-57°) ''Bottom'' || 30 mm
|-
| Turret || 75 mm (15-16°) ''Front turret'' 90 mm (10-20°) ''Gun mantlet'' 90 mm (1-54°) ''Gun mantlet shield'' || 75 mm || 75 mm || 40 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick while tracks are 30 mm thick.
* With its straight angles the KV-2 can easily be angled in the diamond direction (30°). Improving the line of sight thickness of the chassis to 100mm frontally and 130mm on the side. The turret achieves at 30° up to 90mm of steel, however, the turret ring remains a weak point on all angles. Although since the introduction of volumetric shells this has been made less of a problem

[[File:Armour KV-2 badly angled.png|left|thumbnail|x250px|A surprised and unangled KV-2 with line-of-sight armour thickness. Even in this state the [[KwK 40 (75 mm)|KwK 40]] ([[Pz.IV F2|Panzer 4]]) will have problems penetrating at ranges >500m]]

The normal role of a heavy tank is to bring armour and firepower to support the lighter, faster tanks to hold strategic points they have captured. However, the massive profile of the KV-2 heavy tank and the majority of flat 75 mm armour means that even with proper angling and cover, the KV-2 will be unable to hold points for long. The KV-2 easily identified by even the least experienced players and as soon as it fires one round, it will be out-manoeuvred on and forced to retreat or be violently removed. Additionally, artillery and aircraft will often force the KV-2 out of positions if not outright destroy it due to the KV's abysmal speed and massive size. Lastly, the KV-2 has no machine gun to deal with air or lightly armoured targets, meaning once the howitzer fires, that is it for around 30 seconds. Even most anti-air vehicles can effortlessly overrun and destroy the KV-2 if it is over-extended or alone. Couple that with this tank's inability to provide effective long range support and players will have a difficult time finding their niche with this vehicle.

The large turret housing the 152 mm howitzer is a huge target on the KV-2, a more enticing target than the hull. The profile makes concealing the tall, heavy tank difficult, while the turret armour is relatively poor all-around at 75 mm. Not to mention that there will always be ammunition inside the turret, so a penetrating APHE shot has a very high chance of detonating one of these rounds. At its battle rating and rank, most enemy tanks have the capability of penetrating and eliminating the KV-2 through the turret, not to mention even some of the lower rank ones have powerful enough guns to deal with the armour.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=775|rbMinHp=531}}

The {{PAGENAME}} is incredibly sluggish in speed and manoeuvrability. The original KV-1 is already slow as is, but the KV-2 added a huge and heavy turret that increased the total weight from ~46 tons to ~52 tons. Top speed for the vehicle on flat ground is only about 34 km/h, and accelerating is very slow to get the tank up to this speed. Unless moving forwards at a certain gear, the {{PAGENAME}} is also very hard to turn on even ground.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

"Parts" and "FPE" should be the first targets for unlocking. While the mobility of the KV-2 is quite bad, the turret traverse and accuracy is worse. Thus "Horizontal Drive", "Adjustment of Fire" and "Elevation Mechanism" should be prioritized after the first set of upgrades. The "PB-35" shell unlock can be ignored as it is only a marginal upgrade compared with the GF-530 stock shell.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M-10T (152 mm)}}

The 152 mm gun is perhaps the most iconic weapon in the Soviet tree. Shells that penetrate will almost always destroy the enemy and even those that fail to do so will still typically do some damage or even destroy the target thanks to the huge amount of explosives in all 3 available shells. A large calibre gun coupled with the heavy turret sadly produces a slow gun traverse (both horizontally and vertically) to get the gun onto a target and very long reload times. The turret also presents a narrow gun depression and elevation range (-5° and 12° respectively), even though limited depression is something common among soviet tanks and you rarely need more elevation.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M-10T (152 mm)|152 mm M-10T]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 36 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+12° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 4.85 || 6.72 || 8.20 || 9.00 || 9.60 || rowspan="2" | 43.29 || rowspan="2" | 38.30 || rowspan="2" | 35.30 || rowspan="2" | 33.30
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 3.57 || 4.20 || 5.10 || 5.64 || 6.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''G-530''' (AC) - The "Anti-Concrete" round has below average but bearable velocity with enough penetration for most tanks up to BR 5.0 ([[Churchill VII]] being one of the few exceptions), but the massive size can struggle to go through small weak spots such as the bow machine gun of the [[M4 Sherman (Family)|M4 Sherman]]. With over 5 kg of TNT equivalent of HE filler, it will one shot enemies whenever it enters the crew compartment of the enemy vehicle. Even when it doesn't penetrate the enemy's armour, it can still send fragments through thin plates nearby and knock out crew/damage components like a large HE shell. Its armour piercing qualities and much lower fuse sensitivity than HE shells sometimes makes it better than HE since it can go through tracks and side skirts then explode closer to the main armour.

* '''OF-530''' (HE) - High-explosive shell that can destroy pretty much any tank in the game if you know where to shoot. The high explosive mass of the shell inflicts devastating damage to tanks with the overpressure mechanic, provided you target a spot where the armour is thin. The roof of the hull is a good spot, as the explosion will knock out the crew with the blast when going through the roof plate.

* '''PB-35''' (APCBC) - The APCBC shell has the same penetration as AC shell at point-blank range, but loses less of it over range. It's also less prone to ricochets. These are the only pros it has, further undermined by reduced shell velocity which makes the KV-2 even less suitable for long range engagements (800+ m). At the same time its explosive filler is also less potent than AC shell, which means it's less effective as a do-it-all shell.

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| G-530 || AC || 95 || 94 || 89 || 83 || 78 || 73
|-
| OF-530 || HE || 48 || 48 || 48 || 48 || 48 || 48
|-
| PB-35 || APCBC || 95 || 94 || 90 || 86 || 81 || 77
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| G-530 || AC || 530 || 40.00 || 1.2 || 19.0 || 5,100 || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| OF-530 || HE || 530 || 40.00 || 0.1 || 0.5 || 5,830 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| PB-35 || APCBC || 436 || 51.06 || 1.2 || 19.0 || 4,850 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_KV-2_(1939).png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''36''' || 32 ''(+4)'' || 27 ''(+9)'' || 20 ''(+16)'' || 1 ''(+35)'' || Yes
|-
|}

Turret empty: 27 (+9)


== Usage in battles ==


The old peek-a-boom tactics, and staying behind others is still the best method for employing this "heavy tank". Roll forward, take the shot, and then pull back for the over half-minute reload time, and then repeat. Close range brawling is a bad idea due to certain characteristics on the tank. Make sure to plan the route ahead of time make sure to avoid large distances in the open, this is a slow moving tank with a large profile making it an easy target for long barreled guns. It is recommended to have a work with a squad mate or other friendly tanks to cover the KV-2 during the reloading phase.

Most tanks with a high-velocity cannon can cripple the KV-2 through the turret. As such, pretty much all tanks at its battle rating should be taken account of. Rely on always getting the first shot off, else the enemy tank is more than likely to destroy the KV-2. Another type of vehicles to worry about are the very small tanks like the [[M22|M22 ''Locust'']] and the [[ASU-57]] as these can get right under the tank's gun depression and fire away at weak points with little risk of return fire by the KV-2.

===Arcade battles===
In '''Arcade''', the target lead indicator make the slow, but long-range penetrating PB-35 APCBC a destructive force to be afraid of since ranging is a lot easier for the low-velocity shells. Always conduct attacks via "Peek-a-boo" tactic in that stay behind cover while searching for targets, then pop out when a target presents itself to fire before returning back to cover to reload.

One must be conscious and use the map terrain to their advantage. On more open maps like [[Karelia]] and [[Carpathians]], the KV-2's speed and low velocity will make traversing the battlefield while sniping long-range targets difficult. However, one could hang back and snipe unsuspecting and immobile targets, while at the range most return fire would more than likely bounce off the armour. However, be wary of more penetrating guns like the 75 mm on the [[Panther D|Panther]] and the 76 mm on the [[M4A3 (76) W|M4 Shermans]] that easily piece the front turret armour.

Smaller maps benefit the KV-2 in that the low shell velocities are no longer a big detriment to the combat ability, plus it could make the most of the initial penetration values in close-range battles. However, enemy tanks in close-range will also have an easier time penetrating the KV-2 front armour, or flanking around while reloading the gun thanks to engine power increase. In these cases, situational awareness and friendly support is the key to victory and ''survival'' of the KV-2 in the smaller maps.

===Realistic/Simulator battle===
Realistic and Simulator modes are taxing for the KV-2 as the removal of the target lead indicator can make long-range fighting with the 152 mm a chore.

The most important thing in these game modes, due to the lack of target markers, is the vision. The binoculars are the greatest assets. Keep the turret in a well-angled position while scouting for targets with the binoculars or normal eyesight.

Since the usual fighting ranges exceed 600 m, getting hits without aim assist with the howitzer are rare. Though close-range fighting can fix this, the close-quarters battle is not a tactic the KV-2 should indulge in alone without supporting teammates to cover for the tank in case of flankers. Due to long reloads, rangefinding should be priority whenever the distance is not clear in order to not waste the first shot. If the target is beyond rangefinding range, a tip is to utilize the OF-530 HE shell in the first shot, with spare G-530 anti-concrete rounds for the follow-up. These two rounds share the same ballistics, so the HE shell can be fired first to gauge the distance. If it lands close to the enemy and hits, chances are it will either destroy it or cripple its mobility, plus the impact of the explosion will alert teammates of the presence of an enemy tank at the area of firing. If the enemy tank still remains after the OF-530 shell, the next loading G-530 AC shell can follow through the same ballistic path and destroy the enemy via a penetration.

===Counter-tactics===
'''Getting close''': Probably the most difficult part, if spotted a 40 kg shell will soon be on its way to ruin someone's day. Thus sneaking up, or attacking, from outside the KV-2's field of view is advised. Of course, after the KV-2 has fired, a window of opportunity and hope will open up. With moving up and aiming two shots can be placed on the moving Soviet tower tank. An attack route from the side or rear is preferable, not only is it a blind spot, but the turret traverse is so awful on the KV-2 that it will not have the time to react fast enough. Just make sure to hit, or the tank will be alerted and counter-attack.

'''Shooting''': Targets should be the gunner (right side) to stop the loading process and the loader to increase loading time to up to one and a half minutes. If shooting APHE shells, two penetrating hits will often take out the gun breech as well, stopping the reload and the ability to return fire entirely. The easiest way of performing these hits is via the turret ring, although a harder task since the implementation of volumetric shells, which will always not be angled at certain parts from the front. If APHE shells hit below the side hull, it will possibly detonate the main storage of ammunition, resulting in one-shot destruction. If that is not the case the gunner, commander, cannon breech, loader, and ammunition and turret ring will be damaged or wounded.

Shooting a KV-2 from the side is much easier, just one massive turret reaching into the sky. But do not shoot anywhere! The tracks will often eat shots and most KV-2 drivers are by now smart enough to not fully load up their KV-2, leaving the rear turret empty of shells.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Huge howitzer, dealing high damage with incredible force that will almost always one-shot enemies on a successful penetration
* Fear factor, the sight and sound of this behemoth and its gun tends to send smaller tanks fleeing in terror
* Has one of the best HE rounds in the game
* The new overpressure mechanic has made it so the KV-2 can kill pretty much anything with a turret shot
* Able to destroy higher rank tanks
* Has the hull armour of the KV-1 which will stop most Pz.III and Pre-[[T-34-57]] shots
* Large crew count means it is unlikely to be destroyed in one-shot unless the ammo racks explode

'''Cons:'''

* Long reload, resulting in difficult 1-on-1 fights since missing gives the enemy an opportunity to counter
* Slow rotation speed of the turret means that flank attacks are difficult to respond to
* If more than 19 rounds loaded, the ammo fills the weak spot ammo racks in the sides of the turret
* A characteristic trait of Soviet tanks, the KV-2 has terrible gun depression, worse when compared to other Soviet tanks
* Tall turret is very vulnerable from the side and difficult to hide
* Driver's viewport is a juicy weak spot, easily exploitable by experienced players
* Has a tendency, although a rare but dreaded occurrence, to overshoot targets at close range when using the sights
* Large silhouette

== History ==

===Development===
The start of the KV heavy tanks began after the heavy tank [[T-35]] flaws came to light. Designers were ordered to draw up new designs to become the basis of a breakthrough heavy tank needed for the Soviet doctrine. This made for a tank that was heavily armoured, but not very mobile as it was to be for siege warfare. The designs offered all had heavy armour, wide tracks, and used the torsion-bar suspension. The designs were the [[SMK]], T-100, and what would be the '''KV-1 tank''', which was named after the then Soviet Defense Commissar '''K'''liment '''V'''oroshilov.

During the developmental progress, the prototypes of all these heavy tanks were made and the Winter War with Finland was on its way. The Soviets sent these tanks into Finland for combat testing, to which the KV design outperformed in every way with its superior armour and firepower. The armour on the KV tank was impenetrable by a tank cannon in service and most anti-tank guns as well, the 76,2 cannon also gave it a huge firepower boost compared to the usual 37 mm in use by other countries. However, the design was found to be difficult to steer, the transmission was unreliable, ergonomics was poor and vision was limited, plus with its 45-ton weight, it was a very heavy tank for its time. In truth, while formidable in power and protection, courageous crew member willing to curse the name would speak out about the trouble the KV tank really was. The main variant of production before World War II broke out was the '''[[KV-1 (ZiS-5)|KV-1]]''' model.

===KV-2===
Despite its superiority on the battlefield, some observed that the KV-1's armament was not enough to destroy some of the Finnish fortifications that they encountered. For this, a request to mount a 152 mm howitzer on the KV-1 was made and resulted in the '''KV-2''' with its extremely large turret and an increased weight of 52 tons. The KV-2 suffered from a very high profile, low speed, and was to turret heavy. Compared to the KV-1 height of about 9 feet, the KV-2 was at 11 feet tall. The increased weight of the tank slowed it down drastically, and the very heavy turret mixed with a low-powered traverse speed meant that the KV-2 can only traverse on level ground, as a slope would cause the turret to start turning with gravity. The combat ineffectiveness and flaws of the KV-2 came to light and was only put on limited production due to them, resulting in only about 334 units being produced from 1939 to 1941.

===Combat usage===
During the opening stages of Operation Barbarossa, the KV tanks came as a huge surprise from the Germans as they had no prior intel about these tanks, resulting in a lack of capable anti-tank weaponry that could destroy these tanks, aside from 88 mm FlaK guns. The KV-2 served alongside the KV-1 in stalling the German Offensive to Moscow. During the Battle of Raseiniai, in Lithuania, a single KV-2 was able to hold up the entire 6th Panzer Division for a full day by firing at them from a concealed location before it ran out of ammunition, ending with about two dozen tanks destroyed.

Due to the low quantity of KV-2 produced, they didn't see much service past the opening stages of the war due to loss from attrition or mechanical failures, however, 10 were still in service with the Voronezh Front on 4 July 1943 for the battle of Kursk. These were transferred to the 3rd Mech Corps on 9 July, and by 18 July only 1 was left serviceable - 5 were destroyed on 12 July, and 4 are recorded as being in repair from 13 July. <ref name="3rdMechKursk">[http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA360311 <nowiki>[DTIC.ORG] KURSK OPERATION SIMULATION AND VALIDATION EXERCISE - PHASE II (KOSAVE II) (PDF)</nowiki>]</ref>

===Survivors===
Only one KV-2 is left intact as a survivor of the war, it is housed at the Central Armed Forces Museum in Moscow.

=== In-game description ===
This tank came into service in the Red Army in 1940 and was an assault tank intended to be used to overcome long-term defensive positions. The KV-2 was armed with a powerful 152 mm M-10 cannon installed in its tall armoured rotating turret. This weapon was shot with separately loaded shells, so its combat rate of fire was not high. The howitzer had relatively good characteristics. Its armour-piercing 52 kg round with a 436 m/s muzzle velocity penetrated a 72 mm thick armour plate at a distance of 1500 m at a 60° angle. For firing on concrete fortifications, it possessed a 40 kg concrete-piercing shell with a 530 m/s muzzle velocity. All these vehicles were equipped with a 71-TK-3 radio set. The vehicle was armed with three additional 7.62 mm DT tank machine guns. One was paired with the howitzer, the second mounted in the rear turret wall, and the third mounted as a bow gun in the underturret box's frontal plate to the driver's left.

By 1941, 330 of these tanks had been produced in total, and production ceased at the beginning of the Great Patriotic War.

In mid-February 1940, several of these heavy tanks were put to the test during the breaking of the Mannerheim Line. They broke through stone fortifications and destroyed pillboxes at close range, allowing infantry divisions to pass through areas previously closed to them. Furthermore, its strong armour could survive heavy fire from the enemy's anti-tank artillery. In the first years of the war, the KV-2 was practically invulnerable to all forms of anti-tank artillery. A number of captured vehicles of this type were used by German troops.

The tank had some serious flaws. Its mobility on the move and in combat was seriously limited by its high weight and issues with its clutch and transmission. When the vehicle was at a slight tilt, the turret became extremely difficult to turn. Its ammunition complement for its main gun amounted to only 38 shells.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_kv_2_1939 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|XTSIvLEsV6c|'''The KV Family''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel'' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 04:53|Lps-iu_n_8o|'''{{PAGENAME}} Tank Review''' - ''NUSensei''|ezJ7MKKcR3c|'''The Tower of Stalin''' by ''BaronVonGamez''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[KV-1 (Family)]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[SU-152]]
* [[Brummbar|Brummbär]]
* [[Lorraine 155 Mle.50]]

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:Kliment_Voroshilov_tank#KV-2|[Wikipedia] Kliment Voroshilov tank - KV-2]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/soviet/soviet_KV-2.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> KV-2]
* [http://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=210 <nowiki>[Military Factory]</nowiki> KV-2 (Klimenti Voroshilov)]

=== References ===
<references />

{{USSR heavy tanks}}

AG-30 (30 mm)

2022-02-04T09:09:03Z

U91234167: /* Pros and cons */

== Description ==
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===


* {{Specs-Link|ussr_bmp_2m}}

== General info ==
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''

=== Available ammunition ===
''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).''

=== Comparison with analogues ===


The [[M129 (40 mm)|M129]], another AGL, is vastly superior to the AG-30 in every way, namely with better armour penetration, muzzle velocity, and a lighter shell. The only advantage the AG-30 has over the M129 is the explosive mass, but that's worth nothing because the explosive mass can't be utilized effectively.

== Usage in battles ==


Despite having no infantry to fight, the AG-30 can be used to cripple critical enemy modules. Breaking their gun barrel and tracks will provide the time to either escape or time to aim for weak spots. The shells have less than 5 mm of penetration, so it is unlikely to destroy anything. The only things that the AG-30 might shred through are ATGM carriers and thinly armored SPAAs, but then HMGs and high-caliber HE shells do a better job at destroying them. It might defeat helicopters though, because the 30 mm grenades don't have tracers at all so the helicopters won't notice them coming until it hits them.

Overall, the AG-30 is essentially a tool to buy time, and can't really do anything much more than disarming and demobilizing light tanks and MBTs. The AG-30 can be used to break through an enemy's ERA, which would help the player and teammates defeat the enemy more easily. However, the AG-30 shouldn't be the first weapon of choice in an engagement, as the BMP-2M has very useful ATGMs with tandem charges that can be fired in rapid succession. Again, don't think about actually destroying anything with the AG-30. Roofs and belly armor of even the earliest light tanks exceed 10 mm of RHA, which means penetration is nigh-impossible.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent rate of fire (400 RPM) in terms of an automatic grenade launcher
* May damage and cripple modules that are important to the enemy, such as their gun barrel and tracks
* Can remove enemy armor plates, especially ERA plates, so that the primary armament(s) will have a better chance of penetrating
* If enemy compartment is open-back or open-top, the crew of the enemy will be eliminated within a single good burst
* Large belt capacity allows sustained fire for longer durations (300 grenades for the BMP-2M)
* Launcher has decent elevation angles

'''Cons:'''

* Grenades will almost never penetrate armor directly and hurt the crew inside
* Grenade's low muzzle velocity results in quite a delay from firing to grenade impact
** Time of travel can be ~1 second at 250 meters, and ~3 seconds at 500 meters, and expect even more time needed for targets beyond 500 m
** The very low muzzle velocity will make it a challenge to hit any moving targets beyond 200 m


== History ==

[[File:AGS-30 maks2009.jpg|left|thumb|x220px|none|The AGS-30 in an exhibition.]]
The AGS-17 adopted in 1971 was improved upon with the introduction of the '''AGS-30''' grenade launcher.<ref name="MilitaryTodayAG30">Military-Today "AGS-30"</ref> The new launcher, which had development started in the early 1990s by the KBP Instrument Design Bureau, was introduced in 1999 as a lighter, more accurate, and farther-hitting grenade launcher compared to the AGS-17,
<ref name="ModernFirearmsAG30">Popenker "AGS-30"</ref> as well as constructed with 40% fewer parts.<ref name="ArmyRecognitionAG30">Army Recognition 2018</ref> This was possible due to changes in the operating mechanism that allows a lighter breech body for firing from an open bolt (compared to the AGS-17's blowback operated closed bolt system), which consequently makes the weapon lighter with a faster firing rate.<ref name="Koll">Koll 2009, pg 239-242</ref>

The AGS-30 (Avtomatischeskyi Granatmyot Stankovyi ''Automatic Grenade Launcher - Mounted'') was adopted for Russian Army service in 2002, firing the same 30x28B mm grenades as the AGS-17 in belts of 29 grenades. Due to its lightweight construction of 16 kg with tripod included (compared to the AG-17's weight of 18 kg alone, with the tripod weighing 12 kg), the weapon could be easily used and moved by a crew of two soldiers in the infantry support role.<ref name="Koll" /> The AGS-30 can also be found as vehicle mounts as the ''AG-30M'' on AFV and helicopters with a remote-controlled turret.<ref name="MilitaryTodayAG30" />

The AGS-30 is still in service today, alongside the AGS-17 grenade launcher that it was intended to replace.<ref name="MilitaryTodayAG30"/ As of 2019, the production of the AGS-30 was intended to expand to the Tula Arms Plant.<ref name="TASS">TASS 2019</ref>

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


* [[M129 (40 mm)]] - A similar vehicle-mounted grenade launcher

== External links ==


;References:
<references />

;Bibliography:

* Army Recognition, "AGS-30 30mm automatic grenade launcher." ''Army Recognition'', Army Recognition Group SPRL, 09 Oct. 2018, [https://www.armyrecognition.com/russia_russian_army_light_heavy_weapons_uk/ags-30_30mm_automatic_grenade_launcher_technical_data_sheet_specifications_pictures_video.html Website]. Accessed 22 Apr. 2021 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210422162632/https://www.armyrecognition.com/russia_russian_army_light_heavy_weapons_uk/ags-30_30mm_automatic_grenade_launcher_technical_data_sheet_specifications_pictures_video.html Archive]).
* Koll, Christian, ''Soviet Cannon: A Comprehensive Study of Soviet Guns and Ammunition in Calibres 12.7mm to 57mm''. Self-published, PDF, 2009.
* Military-Today. "AGS-30" ''Military-Today'', [http://www.military-today.com/firearms/ags_30.htm Website]. Accessed on 22 Apr 2021 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210422161158/http://www.military-today.com/firearms/ags_30.htm Archive]).
* Popenker, Maxim, "AGS-30." ''Modern Firearms'', [http://modernfirearms.net/en/grenade-launchers/russia-grenade-launchers/ags-30-eng/ Website]. Accessed 22 Apr. 2021 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210422161212/http://modernfirearms.net/en/grenade-launchers/russia-grenade-launchers/ags-30-eng/ Archive]).
* TASS, "Russian arms manufacturer to launch production of AGS-30 grenade launchers in 2020." ''Russian News Agency TASS'', 20 Aug. 2019, [https://tass.com/defense/1074207 Website]. Accessed 22 Apr. 2021 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20201108000835/https://tass.com/defense/1074207 Archive from 08 Nov 2020]).

{{USSR tank cannons}}

[[Category:Tank cannons]]

AG-30 (30 mm)

2021-07-27T05:46:56Z

U91234167: Undo revision 107650 by U91234167 (talk)

== Description ==
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===


* {{Specs-Link|ussr_bmp_2m}}

== General info ==
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''

=== Available ammunition ===
''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).''

=== Comparison with analogues ===
The M129, another AGL, is vastly superior to the AG-30 in every way. Excellent penetration, better muzzle velocity, lighter shell, you name it. The only advantage the AG-30 has over the M129 is the explosive mass, but that's worth nothing because the explosive mass can't be utilized effectively.

== Usage in battles ==
Despite having no infantry to fight, the AG-30 can be used to cripple critical enemy modules. Breaking their gun barrel and tracks will give you time to either escape or time to aim for weak spots. The shells have less than 5mm of penetration, so don't even think about killing anything with this. The only things that you might shred through are ATGM carriers and thinly armored SPAAs, but then HMGs and high-caliber HE shells do a better job at killing them. It might kill helicopters though, because the 30mm grenades don't have tracers at all. This is essentially a tool to buy time, and can't really do anything much more than disarming and demobilizing light tanks and MBTs. If you manage to break their ERA, then you'll be helping both your teammates and yourself. But it isn't all that useful, since the ATGMs on the BMP-2M are tandem charges, and the ATGMs can be fired in rapid succession. And again, don't think about killing anything with the AG-30. Roofs and belly armor of even the earliest light tanks exceed 10mm of RHA, which means penetration is nigh impossible.

Editor's note: Inceptor, stop deleting things about the sights and secondary weapons. Go to the test range and try out the BMP-2M. Press the "Select secondary weapon" button and press shift. There '''''ARE''''' sights for the AG-30. Stop deleting things that are true. You can now individually fire the AG-30 by pressing the "fire secondary weapon" button. If you didn't bind a key for it, DO IT '''NOW'''. I am sick of this mindless deleting of other's hard work.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent rate of fire (400 RPM) in terms of an automatic grenade launcher
* May damage and cripple modules that are important to the enemy, such as their gun barrel and tracks
* Can remove enemy armor plates, especially ERA plates, so that the primary armament will have a better chance of penetrating
* If enemy compartment is open-back or open-top, the crew of the enemy will be eliminated within a single good burst
* Large belt capacity allows sustained fire for longer durations (300 grenades for the BMP-2M)
* Surprisingly, the grenades don't drop that much, so firing at far-away stationary targets won't be that much of a problem
* Launcher has decent elevation angles

'''Cons:'''

* Grenades will almost never penetrate armor directly and hurt the crew inside
* Grenade's low muzzle velocity results in quite a delay from firing to grenade impact
** Time of travel can be ~1 second at 250 meters, and ~3 seconds at 500 meters, and expect even more time needed for targets beyond 500 m
** The very low muzzle velocity will make it a challenge to hit any moving targets beyond 200 m


== History ==

[[File:AGS-30 maks2009.jpg|left|thumb|x220px|none|The AGS-30 in an exhibition.]]
The AGS-17 adopted in 1971 was improved upon with the introduction of the '''AGS-30''' grenade launcher.<ref name="MilitaryTodayAG30">Military-Today "AGS-30"</ref> The new launcher, which had development started in the early 1990s by the KBP Instrument Design Bureau, was introduced in 1999 as a lighter, more accurate, and farther-hitting grenade launcher compared to the AGS-17,
<ref name="ModernFirearmsAG30">Popenker "AGS-30"</ref> as well as constructed with 40% fewer parts.<ref name="ArmyRecognitionAG30">Army Recognition 2018</ref> This was possible due to changes in the operating mechanism that allows a lighter breech body for firing from an open bolt (compared to the AGS-17's blowback operated closed bolt system), which consequently makes the weapon lighter with a faster firing rate.<ref name="Koll">Koll 2009, pg 239-242</ref>

The AGS-30 (Avtomatischeskyi Granatmyot Stankovyi ''Automatic Grenade Launcher - Mounted'') was adopted for Russian Army service in 2002, firing the same 30x28B mm grenades as the AGS-17 in belts of 29 grenades. Due to its lightweight construction of 16 kg with tripod included (compared to the AG-17's weight of 18 kg alone, with the tripod weighing 12 kg), the weapon could be easily used and moved by a crew of two soldiers in the infantry support role.<ref name="Koll" /> The AGS-30 can also be found as vehicle mounts as the ''AG-30M'' on AFV and helicopters with a remote-controlled turret.<ref name="MilitaryTodayAG30" />

The AGS-30 is still in service today, alongside the AGS-17 grenade launcher that it was intended to replace.<ref name="MilitaryTodayAG30"/ As of 2019, the production of the AGS-30 was intended to expand to the Tula Arms Plant.<ref name="TASS">TASS 2019</ref>

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


* [[M129 (40 mm)]] - A similar vehicle-mounted grenade launcher

== External links ==


;References:
<references />

;Bibliography:

* Army Recognition, "AGS-30 30mm automatic grenade launcher." ''Army Recognition'', Army Recognition Group SPRL, 09 Oct. 2018, [https://www.armyrecognition.com/russia_russian_army_light_heavy_weapons_uk/ags-30_30mm_automatic_grenade_launcher_technical_data_sheet_specifications_pictures_video.html Website]. Accessed 22 Apr. 2021 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210422162632/https://www.armyrecognition.com/russia_russian_army_light_heavy_weapons_uk/ags-30_30mm_automatic_grenade_launcher_technical_data_sheet_specifications_pictures_video.html Archive]).
* Koll, Christian, ''Soviet Cannon: A Comprehensive Study of Soviet Guns and Ammunition in Calibres 12.7mm to 57mm''. Self-published, PDF, 2009.
* Military-Today. "AGS-30" ''Military-Today'', [http://www.military-today.com/firearms/ags_30.htm Website]. Accessed on 22 Apr 2021 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210422161158/http://www.military-today.com/firearms/ags_30.htm Archive]).
* Popenker, Maxim, "AGS-30." ''Modern Firearms'', [http://modernfirearms.net/en/grenade-launchers/russia-grenade-launchers/ags-30-eng/ Website]. Accessed 22 Apr. 2021 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210422161212/http://modernfirearms.net/en/grenade-launchers/russia-grenade-launchers/ags-30-eng/ Archive]).
* TASS, "Russian arms manufacturer to launch production of AGS-30 grenade launchers in 2020." ''Russian News Agency TASS'', 20 Aug. 2019, [https://tass.com/defense/1074207 Website]. Accessed 22 Apr. 2021 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20201108000835/https://tass.com/defense/1074207 Archive from 08 Nov 2020]).

{{USSR tank cannons}}

[[Category:Tank cannons]]

AG-30 (30 mm)

2021-07-27T05:40:29Z

U91234167:

== Description ==
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===


* {{Specs-Link|ussr_bmp_2m}}

== General info ==
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''

=== Available ammunition ===
''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).''

=== Comparison with analogues ===
The M129, another AGL, is vastly superior to the AG-30 in every way. Excellent penetration, better muzzle velocity, lighter shell, you name it. The only advantage the AG-30 has over the M129 is the explosive mass, but that's worth nothing because the explosive mass can't be utilized effectively.

== Usage in battles ==
Despite having no infantry to fight, the AG-30 can be used to cripple critical enemy modules. Breaking their gun barrel and tracks will give you time to either escape or a bit more time to aim for weak spots. The shells have less than 5mm of penetration, so don't even think about killing anything with this. The only things that you might shred through are ATGM carriers and thinly armored SPAAs, but then HMGs and high-caliber HE shells do a better job at killing them. It might kill helicopters though, because the 30mm grenades don't have tracers at all. This is essentially a tool to buy time, and can't really do anything much more than disarming and demobilizing light tanks and MBTs. If you manage to break their ERA, then you'll be helping both your teammates and yourself. But it isn't all that useful, since the ATGMs on the BMP-2M are tandem charges, and the ATGMs can be fired in rapid succession. And again, don't think about killing anything with the AG-30. Roofs and belly armor of even the earliest light tanks exceed 10mm of RHA, which means penetration is nigh impossible.

Editor's note: Inceptor, stop deleting things about the sights and secondary weapons. Go to the test range and try out the BMP-2M. Press the "Select secondary weapon" button and press shift. There '''''ARE''''' sights for the AG-30. Stop deleting things that are true. You can now individually fire the AG-30 by pressing the "fire secondary weapon" button. If you didn't bind a key for it, DO IT '''NOW'''. I am sick of this mindless deleting of other's hard work.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent rate of fire (400 RPM) in terms of an automatic grenade launcher
* May damage and cripple modules that are important to the enemy, such as their gun barrel and tracks
* Can remove enemy armor plates, especially ERA plates, so that the primary armament will have a better chance of penetrating
* If enemy compartment is open-back or open-top, the crew of the enemy will be eliminated within a single good burst
* Large belt capacity allows sustained fire for longer durations (300 grenades for the BMP-2M)
* Surprisingly, the grenades don't drop that much, so firing at far-away stationary targets won't be that much of a problem
* Launcher has decent elevation angles

'''Cons:'''

* Grenades will almost never penetrate armor directly and hurt the crew inside
* Grenade's low muzzle velocity results in quite a delay from firing to grenade impact
** Time of travel can be ~1 second at 250 meters, and ~3 seconds at 500 meters, and expect even more time needed for targets beyond 500 m
** The very low muzzle velocity will make it a challenge to hit any moving targets beyond 200 m


== History ==

[[File:AGS-30 maks2009.jpg|left|thumb|x220px|none|The AGS-30 in an exhibition.]]
The AGS-17 adopted in 1971 was improved upon with the introduction of the '''AGS-30''' grenade launcher.<ref name="MilitaryTodayAG30">Military-Today "AGS-30"</ref> The new launcher, which had development started in the early 1990s by the KBP Instrument Design Bureau, was introduced in 1999 as a lighter, more accurate, and farther-hitting grenade launcher compared to the AGS-17,
<ref name="ModernFirearmsAG30">Popenker "AGS-30"</ref> as well as constructed with 40% fewer parts.<ref name="ArmyRecognitionAG30">Army Recognition 2018</ref> This was possible due to changes in the operating mechanism that allows a lighter breech body for firing from an open bolt (compared to the AGS-17's blowback operated closed bolt system), which consequently makes the weapon lighter with a faster firing rate.<ref name="Koll">Koll 2009, pg 239-242</ref>

The AGS-30 (Avtomatischeskyi Granatmyot Stankovyi ''Automatic Grenade Launcher - Mounted'') was adopted for Russian Army service in 2002, firing the same 30x28B mm grenades as the AGS-17 in belts of 29 grenades. Due to its lightweight construction of 16 kg with tripod included (compared to the AG-17's weight of 18 kg alone, with the tripod weighing 12 kg), the weapon could be easily used and moved by a crew of two soldiers in the infantry support role.<ref name="Koll" /> The AGS-30 can also be found as vehicle mounts as the ''AG-30M'' on AFV and helicopters with a remote-controlled turret.<ref name="MilitaryTodayAG30" />

The AGS-30 is still in service today, alongside the AGS-17 grenade launcher that it was intended to replace.<ref name="MilitaryTodayAG30"/ As of 2019, the production of the AGS-30 was intended to expand to the Tula Arms Plant.<ref name="TASS">TASS 2019</ref>

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


* [[M129 (40 mm)]] - A similar vehicle-mounted grenade launcher

== External links ==


;References:
<references />

;Bibliography:

* Army Recognition, "AGS-30 30mm automatic grenade launcher." ''Army Recognition'', Army Recognition Group SPRL, 09 Oct. 2018, [https://www.armyrecognition.com/russia_russian_army_light_heavy_weapons_uk/ags-30_30mm_automatic_grenade_launcher_technical_data_sheet_specifications_pictures_video.html Website]. Accessed 22 Apr. 2021 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210422162632/https://www.armyrecognition.com/russia_russian_army_light_heavy_weapons_uk/ags-30_30mm_automatic_grenade_launcher_technical_data_sheet_specifications_pictures_video.html Archive]).
* Koll, Christian, ''Soviet Cannon: A Comprehensive Study of Soviet Guns and Ammunition in Calibres 12.7mm to 57mm''. Self-published, PDF, 2009.
* Military-Today. "AGS-30" ''Military-Today'', [http://www.military-today.com/firearms/ags_30.htm Website]. Accessed on 22 Apr 2021 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210422161158/http://www.military-today.com/firearms/ags_30.htm Archive]).
* Popenker, Maxim, "AGS-30." ''Modern Firearms'', [http://modernfirearms.net/en/grenade-launchers/russia-grenade-launchers/ags-30-eng/ Website]. Accessed 22 Apr. 2021 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210422161212/http://modernfirearms.net/en/grenade-launchers/russia-grenade-launchers/ags-30-eng/ Archive]).
* TASS, "Russian arms manufacturer to launch production of AGS-30 grenade launchers in 2020." ''Russian News Agency TASS'', 20 Aug. 2019, [https://tass.com/defense/1074207 Website]. Accessed 22 Apr. 2021 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20201108000835/https://tass.com/defense/1074207 Archive from 08 Nov 2020]).

{{USSR tank cannons}}

[[Category:Tank cannons]]

AG-30 (30 mm)

2021-07-27T05:39:21Z

U91234167:

== Description ==
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===


* {{Specs-Link|ussr_bmp_2m}}

== General info ==
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''

=== Available ammunition ===
''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).''

=== Comparison with analogues ===
The M129, another AGL, is vastly superior to the AG-30 in every way. Excellent penetration, better muzzle velocity, lighter shell, you name it. The only advantage the AG-30 has over the M129 is the explosive mass, but that's worth nothing because the explosive mass can't be utilized effectively.

== Usage in battles ==
Despite having no infantry to fight, the AG-30 can be used to cripple critical enemy modules. Breaking their gun barrel and tracks will give you time to either escape or time to aim for weak spots. The shells have less than 5mm of penetration, so don't even think about killing anything with this. The only things that you might shred through are ATGM carriers and thinly armored SPAAs, but then HMGs and high-caliber HE shells do a better job at killing them. It might kill helicopters though, because the 30mm grenades don't have tracers at all. This is essentially a tool to buy time, and can't really do anything much more than disarming and demobilizing light tanks and MBTs. If you manage to break their ERA, then you'll be helping both your teammates and yourself. But it isn't all that useful, since the ATGMs on the BMP-2M are tandem charges, and the ATGMs can be fired in rapid succession. And again, don't think about killing anything with the AG-30. Roofs and belly armor of even the earliest light tanks exceed 10mm of RHA, which means penetration is nigh impossible.

Editor's note: Inceptor, stop deleting things about the sights and secondary weapons. Go to the test range and try out the BMP-2M. Press the "Select secondary weapon" button and press shift. There '''''ARE''''' sights for the AG-30. Stop deleting things that are true. You can now individually fire the AG-30 by pressing the "fire secondary weapon" button. If you didn't bind a key for it, DO IT '''NOW'''. I am sick of this mindless deleting of other's hard work.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent rate of fire (400 RPM) in terms of an automatic grenade launcher
* May damage and cripple modules that are important to the enemy, such as their gun barrel and tracks
* Can remove enemy armor plates, especially ERA plates, so that the primary armament will have a better chance of penetrating
* If enemy compartment is open-back or open-top, the crew of the enemy will be eliminated within a single good burst
* Large belt capacity allows sustained fire for longer durations (300 grenades for the BMP-2M)
* Surprisingly, the grenades don't drop that much, so firing at far-away stationary targets won't be that much of a problem
* Launcher has decent elevation angles

'''Cons:'''

* Grenades will almost never penetrate armor directly and hurt the crew inside
* Grenade's low muzzle velocity results in quite a delay from firing to grenade impact
** Time of travel can be ~1 second at 250 meters, and ~3 seconds at 500 meters, and expect even more time needed for targets beyond 500 m
** The very low muzzle velocity will make it a challenge to hit any moving targets beyond 200 m


== History ==

[[File:AGS-30 maks2009.jpg|left|thumb|x220px|none|The AGS-30 in an exhibition.]]
The AGS-17 adopted in 1971 was improved upon with the introduction of the '''AGS-30''' grenade launcher.<ref name="MilitaryTodayAG30">Military-Today "AGS-30"</ref> The new launcher, which had development started in the early 1990s by the KBP Instrument Design Bureau, was introduced in 1999 as a lighter, more accurate, and farther-hitting grenade launcher compared to the AGS-17,
<ref name="ModernFirearmsAG30">Popenker "AGS-30"</ref> as well as constructed with 40% fewer parts.<ref name="ArmyRecognitionAG30">Army Recognition 2018</ref> This was possible due to changes in the operating mechanism that allows a lighter breech body for firing from an open bolt (compared to the AGS-17's blowback operated closed bolt system), which consequently makes the weapon lighter with a faster firing rate.<ref name="Koll">Koll 2009, pg 239-242</ref>

The AGS-30 (Avtomatischeskyi Granatmyot Stankovyi ''Automatic Grenade Launcher - Mounted'') was adopted for Russian Army service in 2002, firing the same 30x28B mm grenades as the AGS-17 in belts of 29 grenades. Due to its lightweight construction of 16 kg with tripod included (compared to the AG-17's weight of 18 kg alone, with the tripod weighing 12 kg), the weapon could be easily used and moved by a crew of two soldiers in the infantry support role.<ref name="Koll" /> The AGS-30 can also be found as vehicle mounts as the ''AG-30M'' on AFV and helicopters with a remote-controlled turret.<ref name="MilitaryTodayAG30" />

The AGS-30 is still in service today, alongside the AGS-17 grenade launcher that it was intended to replace.<ref name="MilitaryTodayAG30"/ As of 2019, the production of the AGS-30 was intended to expand to the Tula Arms Plant.<ref name="TASS">TASS 2019</ref>

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


* [[M129 (40 mm)]] - A similar vehicle-mounted grenade launcher

== External links ==


;References:
<references />

;Bibliography:

* Army Recognition, "AGS-30 30mm automatic grenade launcher." ''Army Recognition'', Army Recognition Group SPRL, 09 Oct. 2018, [https://www.armyrecognition.com/russia_russian_army_light_heavy_weapons_uk/ags-30_30mm_automatic_grenade_launcher_technical_data_sheet_specifications_pictures_video.html Website]. Accessed 22 Apr. 2021 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210422162632/https://www.armyrecognition.com/russia_russian_army_light_heavy_weapons_uk/ags-30_30mm_automatic_grenade_launcher_technical_data_sheet_specifications_pictures_video.html Archive]).
* Koll, Christian, ''Soviet Cannon: A Comprehensive Study of Soviet Guns and Ammunition in Calibres 12.7mm to 57mm''. Self-published, PDF, 2009.
* Military-Today. "AGS-30" ''Military-Today'', [http://www.military-today.com/firearms/ags_30.htm Website]. Accessed on 22 Apr 2021 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210422161158/http://www.military-today.com/firearms/ags_30.htm Archive]).
* Popenker, Maxim, "AGS-30." ''Modern Firearms'', [http://modernfirearms.net/en/grenade-launchers/russia-grenade-launchers/ags-30-eng/ Website]. Accessed 22 Apr. 2021 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210422161212/http://modernfirearms.net/en/grenade-launchers/russia-grenade-launchers/ags-30-eng/ Archive]).
* TASS, "Russian arms manufacturer to launch production of AGS-30 grenade launchers in 2020." ''Russian News Agency TASS'', 20 Aug. 2019, [https://tass.com/defense/1074207 Website]. Accessed 22 Apr. 2021 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20201108000835/https://tass.com/defense/1074207 Archive from 08 Nov 2020]).

{{USSR tank cannons}}

[[Category:Tank cannons]]

User:U91234167

2021-07-27T05:27:00Z

U91234167: Created page with "I AM TRYING TO HELP THIS WIKI, BUT MINDLESS ADMINS KEEP DELETING MY WORK FOR NO REASON WHATSOEVER."

I AM TRYING TO HELP THIS WIKI, BUT MINDLESS ADMINS KEEP DELETING MY WORK FOR NO REASON WHATSOEVER.

AG-30 (30 mm)

2021-07-27T05:24:20Z

U91234167: Inceptor, read EVERY word of this page before editing or deleting.

== Description ==
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===


* {{Specs-Link|ussr_bmp_2m}}

== General info ==
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''

=== Available ammunition ===
''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).''

=== Comparison with analogues ===
''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.''

== Usage in battles ==
Despite having no infantry to fight, the AG-30 can be used to cripple critical enemy modules. Breaking their gun barrel and tracks will give you time to either escape or time to aim for weak spots. The shells have less than 5mm of penetration, so don't even think about killing anything with this. The only things that you might shred through are ATGM carriers and thinly armored SPAAs, but then HMGs and high-caliber HE shells do a better job at killing them. This is essentially a tool to buy time, and can't really do anything much more than disarming and demobilizing light tanks and MBTs. If you manage to break their ERA, then you'll be helping both your teammates and yourself. But it isn't all that useful, since the ATGMs on the BMP-2M are tandem charges, and the ATGMs can be fired in rapid succession. And again, don't think about killing anything with the AG-30. Roofs and belly armor of even the earliest light tanks exceed 10mm of RHA, which means penetration is nigh impossible.

Editor's note: Inceptor, stop deleting things about the sights and secondary weapons. Go to the test range and try out the BMP-2M. Press the "Select secondary weapon" button and press shift. There '''''ARE''''' sights for the AG-30. Stop deleting things that are true. You can now individually fire the AG-30 by pressing the "fire secondary weapon" button. If you didn't bind a key for it, DO IT '''NOW'''. I am sick of this mindless deleting of other's hard work.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent rate of fire (400 RPM) in terms of an automatic grenade launcher
* May damage and cripple modules that are important to the enemy, such as their gun barrel and tracks
* Can remove enemy armor plates, especially ERA plates, so that the primary armament will have a better chance of penetrating
* If enemy compartment is open-back or open-top, the crew of the enemy will be eliminated within a single good burst
* Large belt capacity allows sustained fire for longer durations (300 grenades for the BMP-2M)
* Surprisingly, the grenades don't drop that much, so firing at far-away stationary targets won't be that much of a problem
* Launcher has decent elevation angles

'''Cons:'''

* Grenades will almost never penetrate armor directly and hurt the crew inside
* Grenade's low muzzle velocity results in quite a delay from firing to grenade impact
** Time of travel can be ~1 second at 250 meters, and ~3 seconds at 500 meters, and expect even more time needed for targets beyond 500 m
** The very low muzzle velocity will make it a challenge to hit any moving targets beyond 200 m


== History ==

[[File:AGS-30 maks2009.jpg|left|thumb|x220px|none|The AGS-30 in an exhibition.]]
The AGS-17 adopted in 1971 was improved upon with the introduction of the '''AGS-30''' grenade launcher.<ref name="MilitaryTodayAG30">Military-Today "AGS-30"</ref> The new launcher, which had development started in the early 1990s by the KBP Instrument Design Bureau, was introduced in 1999 as a lighter, more accurate, and farther-hitting grenade launcher compared to the AGS-17,
<ref name="ModernFirearmsAG30">Popenker "AGS-30"</ref> as well as constructed with 40% fewer parts.<ref name="ArmyRecognitionAG30">Army Recognition 2018</ref> This was possible due to changes in the operating mechanism that allows a lighter breech body for firing from an open bolt (compared to the AGS-17's blowback operated closed bolt system), which consequently makes the weapon lighter with a faster firing rate.<ref name="Koll">Koll 2009, pg 239-242</ref>

The AGS-30 (Avtomatischeskyi Granatmyot Stankovyi ''Automatic Grenade Launcher - Mounted'') was adopted for Russian Army service in 2002, firing the same 30x28B mm grenades as the AGS-17 in belts of 29 grenades. Due to its lightweight construction of 16 kg with tripod included (compared to the AG-17's weight of 18 kg alone, with the tripod weighing 12 kg), the weapon could be easily used and moved by a crew of two soldiers in the infantry support role.<ref name="Koll" /> The AGS-30 can also be found as vehicle mounts as the ''AG-30M'' on AFV and helicopters with a remote-controlled turret.<ref name="MilitaryTodayAG30" />

The AGS-30 is still in service today, alongside the AGS-17 grenade launcher that it was intended to replace.<ref name="MilitaryTodayAG30"/ As of 2019, the production of the AGS-30 was intended to expand to the Tula Arms Plant.<ref name="TASS">TASS 2019</ref>

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


* [[M129 (40 mm)]] - A similar vehicle-mounted grenade launcher

== External links ==


;References:
<references />

;Bibliography:

* Army Recognition, "AGS-30 30mm automatic grenade launcher." ''Army Recognition'', Army Recognition Group SPRL, 09 Oct. 2018, [https://www.armyrecognition.com/russia_russian_army_light_heavy_weapons_uk/ags-30_30mm_automatic_grenade_launcher_technical_data_sheet_specifications_pictures_video.html Website]. Accessed 22 Apr. 2021 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210422162632/https://www.armyrecognition.com/russia_russian_army_light_heavy_weapons_uk/ags-30_30mm_automatic_grenade_launcher_technical_data_sheet_specifications_pictures_video.html Archive]).
* Koll, Christian, ''Soviet Cannon: A Comprehensive Study of Soviet Guns and Ammunition in Calibres 12.7mm to 57mm''. Self-published, PDF, 2009.
* Military-Today. "AGS-30" ''Military-Today'', [http://www.military-today.com/firearms/ags_30.htm Website]. Accessed on 22 Apr 2021 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210422161158/http://www.military-today.com/firearms/ags_30.htm Archive]).
* Popenker, Maxim, "AGS-30." ''Modern Firearms'', [http://modernfirearms.net/en/grenade-launchers/russia-grenade-launchers/ags-30-eng/ Website]. Accessed 22 Apr. 2021 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210422161212/http://modernfirearms.net/en/grenade-launchers/russia-grenade-launchers/ags-30-eng/ Archive]).
* TASS, "Russian arms manufacturer to launch production of AGS-30 grenade launchers in 2020." ''Russian News Agency TASS'', 20 Aug. 2019, [https://tass.com/defense/1074207 Website]. Accessed 22 Apr. 2021 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20201108000835/https://tass.com/defense/1074207 Archive from 08 Nov 2020]).

{{USSR tank cannons}}

[[Category:Tank cannons]]

AG-30 (30 mm)

2021-07-27T04:30:10Z

U91234167: /* Available ammunition */ Updates to page regarding recent updates

== Description ==
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===


* {{Specs-Link|ussr_bmp_2m}}

== General info ==
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''

=== Available ammunition ===
Currently, only HE ammo is available for the AG-30 due to its purpose mainly being anti-personnel. Other ammunition types cannot be selected, there is only 1 type of belt for the time being. The AG-30 has only HE, Smoke and Training munitions in real life, so only gaining access to HE makes sense.

=== Comparison with analogues ===
''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.''

(Currently, there are no other automatic grenade launchers installed on any other vehicles, so a comparison cannot be made.)

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent rate of fire (400 RPM) in terms of an automatic grenade launcher
* May damage and cripple modules that are important to the enemy, such as their gun barrel and tracks
* Can remove enemy applique armor plates, especially ERA plates, so that the primary armament will have a better chance of penetrating.
* If enemy compartment is open-back or open-top, the crew of the enemy will be eliminated within a single good burst.
* Large belt capacity allows sustained fire for longer durations (300 grenades for the BMP-2M).
* Surprisingly, the grenades don't drop that much which makes firing at far-away stationary targets not that much of a problem.
* Launcher has decent elevation angles.
* Grenade launcher was given a sight and is now considered a secondary weapon after an update, so accurate fire and independent aiming is now possible.

'''Cons:'''

* Grenades will almost never penetrate armor directly and hurt the crew inside.
* Grenade's low muzzle velocity results in quite a delay from firing to grenade impact.
** Time of travel can be ~1 second at 250 meters, and ~3 seconds at 500 meters, and expect even more time needed for targets beyond 500 m.
** The very low muzzle velocity will make it a challenge to hit any moving targets beyond 200 meters.


== History ==

[[File:AGS-30 maks2009.jpg|left|thumb|x220px|none|The AGS-30 in an exhibition.]]
The AGS-17 adopted in 1971 was improved upon with the introduction of the '''AGS-30''' grenade launcher.<ref name="MilitaryTodayAG30">Military-Today "AGS-30"</ref> The new launcher, which had development started in the early 1990s by the KBP Instrument Design Bureau, was introduced in 1999 as a lighter, more accurate, and farther-hitting grenade launcher compared to the AGS-17,
<ref name="ModernFirearmsAG30">Popenker "AGS-30"</ref> as well as constructed with 40% fewer parts.<ref name="ArmyRecognitionAG30">Army Recognition 2018</ref> This was possible due to changes in the operating mechanism that allows a lighter breech body for firing from an open bolt (compared to the AGS-17's blowback operated closed bolt system), which consequently makes the weapon lighter with a faster firing rate.<ref name="Koll">Koll 2009, pg 239-242</ref>

The AGS-30 (Avtomatischeskyi Granatmyot Stankovyi ''Automatic Grenade Launcher - Mounted'') was adopted for Russian Army service in 2002, firing the same 30x28B mm grenades as the AGS-17 in belts of 29 grenades. Due to its lightweight construction of 16 kg with tripod included (compared to the AG-17's weight of 18 kg alone, with the tripod weighing 12 kg), the weapon could be easily used and moved by a crew of two soldiers in the infantry support role.<ref name="Koll" /> The AGS-30 can also be found as vehicle mounts as the ''AG-30M'' on AFV and helicopters with a remote-controlled turret.<ref name="MilitaryTodayAG30" />

The AGS-30 is still in service today, alongside the AGS-17 grenade launcher that it was intended to replace.<ref name="MilitaryTodayAG30"/ As of 2019, the production of the AGS-30 was intended to expand to the Tula Arms Plant.<ref name="TASS">TASS 2019</ref>

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


* [[M129 (40 mm)]] - A similar vehicle-mounted grenade launcher

== External links ==


;References:
<references />

;Bibliography:

* Army Recognition, "AGS-30 30mm automatic grenade launcher." ''Army Recognition'', Army Recognition Group SPRL, 09 Oct. 2018, [https://www.armyrecognition.com/russia_russian_army_light_heavy_weapons_uk/ags-30_30mm_automatic_grenade_launcher_technical_data_sheet_specifications_pictures_video.html Website]. Accessed 22 Apr. 2021 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210422162632/https://www.armyrecognition.com/russia_russian_army_light_heavy_weapons_uk/ags-30_30mm_automatic_grenade_launcher_technical_data_sheet_specifications_pictures_video.html Archive]).
* Koll, Christian, ''Soviet Cannon: A Comprehensive Study of Soviet Guns and Ammunition in Calibres 12.7mm to 57mm''. Self-published, PDF, 2009.
* Military-Today. "AGS-30" ''Military-Today'', [http://www.military-today.com/firearms/ags_30.htm Website]. Accessed on 22 Apr 2021 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210422161158/http://www.military-today.com/firearms/ags_30.htm Archive]).
* Popenker, Maxim, "AGS-30." ''Modern Firearms'', [http://modernfirearms.net/en/grenade-launchers/russia-grenade-launchers/ags-30-eng/ Website]. Accessed 22 Apr. 2021 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210422161212/http://modernfirearms.net/en/grenade-launchers/russia-grenade-launchers/ags-30-eng/ Archive]).
* TASS, "Russian arms manufacturer to launch production of AGS-30 grenade launchers in 2020." ''Russian News Agency TASS'', 20 Aug. 2019, [https://tass.com/defense/1074207 Website]. Accessed 22 Apr. 2021 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20201108000835/https://tass.com/defense/1074207 Archive from 08 Nov 2020]).

{{USSR tank cannons}}

[[Category:Tank cannons]]

Damage mechanics

2021-06-14T05:14:32Z

U91234167: /* Hull-break */

[[File:Dogfight P51D5vFw190A5.jpg|700px|framless|border|right|A [[P-51D-5|P-51D-5 Mustang]] successfully clipping the left wing on a [[Fw 190 A-5|Fw 190A-5]]]]
__TOC__

== Damage calculation ==
=== Aviation ===
The game's engine simulates every bullet that is fired for over 2 km before they are deleted, with exceptions for bigger shells such as those fired by the [[Me 410 A-1/U4|50mm Bk5]] or [[Mosquito FB Mk XVIII|57mm Vickers]] cannons. The different shells also have different effects on module damage. More of these shell effects can be read in the '''''[[:Category:Ammunition|Ammunition section]]'''''.
Every aircraft has its skin airfoil and material modeled, too. It is therefore possible to see a tracer shell ricochet off an enemy plane's duralumin skin. Some aircraft are quite well ''armoured'' from certain angles. For example, the TB-3 is constructed mainly with 3 mm of corrugated steel. The [[IL-2 (Family)|IL-2]] and [[IL-10]] series of Russian attackers are also quite durable.

====Naval targets====
Naval targets in air battles have their own damage mechanics modeled. See [[AI_ship_damage_models|this page]] for more detail.

=== Ground forces: Penetration ===
==== Line of sight thickness ====
[[File:DamageMechanics ShellPenetration LineOfSight.png|thumbnail|left|Line of sight calculation]]
<big>Llos = L / cos@</big> 
- Llos = Length line of sight (Line of sight thickness)
- L = armour plate thickness
- @ = angle of armour

==== Normalization ====
The calculation of the armour piercing effect of projectiles on sloped armour:

Before the [[Update 1.49 "Weapons of Victory"|"Weapons of Victory" update]], the armour-piercing effect calculation of an angled hit was made based on the normal principle for most tank-based games via normal line of side thickness, as seen in the picture above. 
At the same time (still before "Weapons of Victory"), for different types of shells a certain distortion of the angle of attack was taken into account depending on the type of projectile (sharp or blunt-nosed shell) and the ratio between the calibre of the projectile to the armour thickness normal (perpendicular vector). In blunt-nosed shells, the final angle which were used for calculation of the armour thickness was reduced, and in sharp-nosed shells - slightly increased, i.e. a normalization factor was artificially added after the crude line of sight thickness calculation. 
However, despite the fact that this method is good enough in most cases - the calculation results do not always completely agree with the actual results of tank armour penetration tests. This was particularly noticeable in cases of penetration with high angles of approach.

[[File:DamageMechanics ShellPenetration SharpNormalizationForces.jpg|thumbnail|left|Forces during impact with de-normalization effects]]
There are several forces applied to a real shell at the moment of impact with any armour. These forces will bend the trajectory of a projectile which is entering any armour depending on the shape of the projectile nose, the angle of attack, the relation between the calibre of the projectile and the armour thickness normal/sharp-nosed shells while hitting the armour, receive resistance in the form of a larger normal reaction “Rn” and smaller tangential reaction “Rt”. The resultant of these forces relative to the centre of inertia of a projectile creates a moment that de-normalizes the shell, which in turn increases its course through the armour.

[[File:DamageMechanics ShellPenetration BluntNormalizationForces.jpg|thumbnail|right|Blunt-nosed shell impacting, affected by normalization forces.]]Blunt-nosed shells, when hitting an obstacle with its “blunted” tip, will form a ledge in the armour, and will gain from the obstacle and ledge a greater tangential and lesser normal reactions. The moment of the resultant will angle-in the shell towards the normal and as a result it reduces the path of the projectile inside the armour.

The larger is the elongation (length-to-diameter ratio) of the projectile - the stronger is the normalization effect of the projectile. Modern fin-stabilized APCR munitions have a greater elongation and during an angled hit often penetrate thicker armor than the equivalent of a plate normal. 
However, the projectiles that are modeled in our game were fairly short ones and at high angles of attack had a large de-normalizing effect - both sharp-nosed (for which this effect was bigger), and blunt-nosed (with a smaller effect). The APCR shells of the time had the maximum effect. Thus for the American 90mm APCR prototype M304 shell (''Terminal ballistic Data Vol 3'' p.157) as we can see the penetration value at an angle of attack of 55 degrees is more than 3 times less than penetration by normal (see Pic.4). If at an angle of 0 degrees of attack, the projectile could penetrate a little more than 12 inches of armour (305 mm), an angle of approach of 55 degrees makes the shell penetrate a little less than four inches (101.6 mm); '''Picture 1'''. Which is comparable with penetration values of the T33 calibre sharp-nosed shell; '''Picture 2'''
<gallery>
DamageMechanics StrikingVelocityPenetration 90mmM304.jpg|'''Picture 1''': M304 APCR prototype of the [[M26|M26 ''Pershing'']]
DamageMechanics StrikingVelocityPenetration 90mmT33.jpg|'''Picture 2''': T33 AP sharp-nosed shell
</gallery>

These graphs also display that for the calibre shell the drop of penetration from angle of attack is not as huge as for the APCR. 
In “Pic.6” you can see a photo which shows a strong drop of penetration values for APCR projectiles at high angles of attack. This test was based on the shooting of the frontal part of the Tiger 2 tank. As can be seen, both APCR projectiles - 90mm and 105mm, did not penetrate the upper side of the tank plate, but they broke through the lower one which has a smaller thickness.
<gallery>
File:DamageMechanics TigerIIHull APCR.jpg|Upper 150mm plate remains intact after being hit by advanced American shells.
File:DamageMechanics TigerIIHull Lowerglacis.jpg|Lower glacis plate penetrated by 105mm shell due to thinner armor.
</gallery>[[File:DamageMechanics 90mmM304 Statcard.jpg|thumbnail|right|"''M304 shot''" stat card showing the three different columns for armour penetration.]]
This effect [http://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/237833-devblog-penetration-mechanic-improvements/ has been reproduced in the game since update "1.49"]. For each type of projectile, and for different ratios of calibre/barrier thickness at different angles of attack - own armour penetration fall ratios. Most of the data is taken from the publications '''“WWII Ballistics: Armor and Gunnery”''' and '''“Terminal ballistic Data Vol 2 and 3.”'''.

Tooltips show this as well for each shell, they display the penetration of the shells at three different angles of attack. [[:Category:Game modes#Arcade|Arcade]] penetration indicator accounts for this effect. It also takes into account not only the first part of the tank armour, but several parts under it as well, which will give a more accurate indication of the penetration with such complex structures as gun mantlets and shielded armour.
==== Breach / Overmatch / Stamping ====
Overmatching occurs if a shell hits sloped armour that is thinner then the calibre of the tank shell. Overmatching basically neglects the sloped armour ricochet effect. This mechanic was added to the game with [[Update 1.63 "Desert Hunters"#Ground_Vehicle_visual_model._damage_model.2C_characteristic_and_weaponry_changes|Update 1.63 "Desert Hunters"]] and applies to shells 1.3x bigger in diameter than the armour thickness to have a reduced sloping effect.

The bigger the shell, the more effective overmatch is. Shells with sufficient penetration that are greater than 7x bigger in diameter than the armour thickness will ignore ricochet chance and angle of attack, acting as if the shell is impacting a flat plate.

As of 1.85.0.121 a simple formula to calculate minimum shell calibre required to achieve maximum overmatching is this: 

<big>Minimum shell calibre > Armour thickness * 7.0</big> 

This mechanic requires a shell with penetration greater than the nominal thickness of the impacted armour plate. Shells without sufficient penetration will never penetrate, no matter the calibre.

====Hull-break====
{{Notice| This mechanic is no longer in use in ground battles and has been replaced by [[#Overpressure|overpressure]]. However, hullbreak remains active in naval battles for coastal ships.}}
In [[Update 1.65 "Way of the Samurai"]], the hull-break mechanic was added into the game for thin-hulled vehicles. This generally applies to non-armoured and lightly-armoured vehicles (with up to 25 mm thickness of hull armour). Unlike the usual method of incapacitating the crew members of a vehicle to secure a destruction, the hull-break mechanics implements a hull and module based damage system to destroy these vehicles.

The [[wt:en/news/4505-the-damage-model-has-been-refined-en/|initial version]] set the criteria as "on the kinetic impact, hits with penetration of the shell of 150 mm calibre on any part of the hull or turret (inclusive of the breech). Or even hitting following penetration of few structural elements of shells of small calibre, upwards of 75 mm and higher. For HE shells, impacts by 75-76 mm HE shells to the hull or turret will be effective. For large calibre HE shells (122-152 mm) hits to chassis components will be counted as fatal."

In [[Update 1.71 "New E.R.A"]], the hull-break mechanics was refined towards kinetic shells as requiring the "need to directly hit them with a shell of high energy (more than 1.4 MJ) on one of the major internal modules. E.g. engine, transmission, breech or shell storage." In [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]], the hull-break mechanic was removed entirely from ground battles, in favour of the more advanced and realistic [[#Overpressure|overpressure]] mechanic.

Note: You can still hull-break those stationary ground vehicles if you test-drive (or rather, test-fly) a bomber and drop a large bomb.

====Overpressure====
In [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]], the "overpressure" mechanic was introduced, replacing the hull-break mechanic. It simulates the extreme pressures formed by the shockwave of an HE-based shell explosion, and their effect on the crew inside the vehicle. Overpressure damage calculations are run when the crew is exposed to the overpressure wave.

For open-topped vehicles, this happens whenever the vehicle is within the fragment dispersion radius of the shell's explosion. This makes them extremely vulnerable to any explosive damage.

For closed-up vehicles, this happens when explosion effect manages to penetrate the armour of the vehicle:

'''For HE''', overpressure damage is calculated when a shell fragment from an explosion hits something inside of the vehicle, proving that explosion got inside of it. This leads to high-yield explosives nearly always taking out a vehicle in a single hit, due to the shockwave being able to move around frontal armour and to hit the entirety of the crew that way.

'''HEAT and HESH''' shells can also create overpressure damage but are less effective at it compared to HE shells and seem to only affect vehicles when very thin parts of the hull or their critical weakspots are hit directly (overall Armour thickness of hit surface below 10-15 mm RHA), since their explosive power is directed towards creating special effects (molten jet for HEAT and scabbing for HESH) instead of producing shockwaves. Tanks with reasonable amount of armour '''will not''' take overpressure damage from HEAT, even if special effect penetrates them easily.

This mechanic affects vehicles with thin armour negatively, but, unlike with the hullbreak, '''any''' tanks are potentially vulnerable to overpressure damage. As a result, it makes not only light, but also heavy tanks easier to destroy by using bombs, rockets, big HE shells or artillery strikes. To utilize the mechanic effectively, be sure to aim for a weak spots on the armour, such as roofs, vents, bellies, tank rear and overtrack sponsons, to maximize the chance of a successful penetration.

Overpressure damage can be reduced or negated by tanks with compartment separators (internal RHA screens, engine compartment being used as a shield, etc.), meaning only the crew in hit part of the tank will take damage.

==Creating digital weaponry==
The following is an exclusive essay by the Gaijin development team to explain how guns' real life behaviour is translated into the game. Hence the focus is primarily on the [[Ground vehicles|ground forces]] part of War Thunder. Also the tone of the text is more personal than usual on the WT Wikipedia.
=== Weapon ===
We really love the variety of the military technology from various countries, and we always try to tune its behavior to get it as close to the real-life version as possible. For this reason, we have to pay attention to tuning weapons as well – this is the only way we can show and give emphasis to the entire scope of variety in military vehicles, in addition to showcasing their firepower. Each weapon is unique in its own way, and in order to reproduce this uniqueness, we study a mass of documentation and scrupulously tune not only the weapons, but even each separate ammunition type for each of them. This approach allows us to convey the spirit of each military vehicle in our game as precisely as we can.

First we will tell you how we tune machine guns and cannons. Aircraft and tank weapons work on similar principles, so for the sake of this example, we'll just take one – the 122 mm D-25T cannon, which was installed on the tanks like the IS-2, IS-3 and the IS-4M. Using this weapon's tuning as an example, we'll show you how all the other weapons in the game are tuned and how they work.

The weapon parameters include such variables as its spread and the technical upper limit for its rate of fire. While tuning the weaponry, just like when we tune the shells, we use different documentation like field tests and technical documentation for the vehicles themselves. The search for correct documentation is one of the most difficult and slow processes because different sources show different and often conflicting data. Sometimes it takes time to verify the source, since we have to do reseaech of all the data available. Here we are using data from “aiming data chart of 122mm tank cannon of 1943 variant D-25T” Army publishing MO USSR Moscow, 1969, as well as “Ammunition for 122mm cannons for ground, tank and self propelled artillery. Instruction” War ministry of USSR 1952, “Artillery sergeant textbook” book one, war publishing of NKO 1944.
<gallery perrow="2" widths="300px" heights="250px">
File:Weapons DataChart 122mmcannon1943(D-25T) Book.png
File:Weapons DataChart 122mmcannon1943(D-25T) Charts.jpg|Aiming data charts for BR-471 shell, that were used in a D-25T cannon.
</gallery>
At the moment, the rate of fire in our game is an averaged value, since in real life, reload time depends on a multitude of variables. Among other things, these variables include how the ammunition is stored (when expending ammunition, this forces the loader to get shells from a less convenient place in the vehicle) and the weight and shape of the shells (for example, heavy and bulky shells get harder to reload over a longer period of time). We have plans to simulate reloading with such mechanics taken into account, which means introducing a variable rate of fire depending on the state of the ammunition, the loader's fatigue, and the position of the turret itself, which defines which ammunition stowage area is closer and which farther away. For example, the Patton houses just a small part of its ammunition right next to the gunner – the rest is in stowage areas located in a floor-level section, which take a lot longer to access. If we introduce such a system, this will mean that the first rounds will be loaded much more quickly than the current reload time, and later rounds will take much longer. This system is still only in development, however.

Rate of fire is displayed in terms of shots per second, and our weapon has a value of 0.048 shots per second, or 1 shot every 20.8 seconds. This is the minimal reload time for any round for this vehicle with maxed out crew skills.

The spread is calculated in the following way: From the firing tables we know the circular error probability (CEP) of the shot for both (horizontal and vertical) deviation axes at a distance of 1000 m. For example, the given cannon has a CEP equal to 0.3 m, so we can calculate the angle of dispersion for the weapon. As half of both axes of dispersion are equal to four CEP for either the vertical or horizontal, it equals 1.2 m in our case, which is 0.069 degrees on both the vertical and horizontal. That means that at 1000 m, the D-25T's maximum spread will amount to roughly 2.4 meters, which means that even at maximum spread, you will still hit the tank's silhouette even at that distance. Many weapons, of course, will have different mean average deviation values for horizontal and vertical and then the spread will appear to be ellipse shaped. At the same time, in half of the cases, the shell will hit at half distance from the edges closer to the center than at the maximum level of angular displacement. This is how we simulate the level of weapon accuracy comparable to the reality of real combat vehicles.

<gallery perrow="2" widths="300px" heights="250px">
File:Weapons DataChart Dispersion.jpg|Ellipse and dispersion scales by distance, by direction and by height.
</gallery> 

=== Shells ===
Now that the weapon has its primary characteristics and is ready for battle, we move on to tuning its ammunition. A great many forms of ammunition were used, and listing them all along with describing how they work is a subject for a separate and long treatise. To show the adjustments we make, we'll use one of the shells for our weapon as an example – a pointed armour-piercing high-explosive round.

<gallery perrow="2" widths="300px" heights="250px">
File:Weapons 122mm BR-471 APHE Shell.jpg
File:Weapons DamageModel Shells Fuses.png
</gallery> 

[[File:Screenshot T-34 protected by stone fence.jpg|thumb|right|The wall protects part of the tank from shrapnel and resulting shockwave from the explosion.]]
[[File:DamageMechanics ShellIcons ShellEffects Terrain.jpg|thumb|right|You can easily understand different shell effects by just looking at the shell icons.]]
First of all, we set such parameters as the shell's weight (25 kg), its calibre (0.122 m), its muzzle velocity (795 m/s), and its type (armour-piercing high-explosive – APHE). These values determine the round's ricochet and normalization, the basic kinetic damage parameters, and the round's additional properties, such as the presence of explosive material. Next we have its ballistic settings (the round's energy loss), and the chance that the round will cause a fire when it hits a fire-vulnerable module – this setting is separate from the explosive setting, and we can use it to simulate the chance of ignition from tracers (if tracer ammunition is used) or ignition from sparks produced when a round hits an obstacle.

In addition, there are settings like the round's fragmenting action, the detonator parameters and the power of the explosion itself. The explosive wave and the shrapnel broadly take into account both the shape of the landscape and any obstacles in their path (in the real world, explosives don't disperse in a straight line or from a single point). This means that a tank can hide from shockwaves and shrapnel behind various obstacles, and separate modules on a tank will protect the other modules from taking additional damage. For example, a round which penetrates the rear armour of a tank and explodes behind the engine might do no harm to the crew, as the engine blocks the shrapnel and the shockwave.

Each individual shell in our physics model has its own settings, such as the explosive power, i.e. the thickness its shockwave can penetrate at short range, and the explosion radius at which its power is maximum and at which it fully disappears. Apart from the explosion itself, the shell also has a fragmenting action which we provide as a radius, shrapnel amount and shrapnel penetration. It's also worth noting that secondary shrapnel is also added to shell shrapnel. Secondary shrapnel occurs after the target itself is penetrated.

As you can see, there are quite a few of these settings, and we consider them a very important part of allowing players to determine the required effect of a shell without reading a long list of its characteristics. This is precisely why the shell icons are different depending on their parameters. If the round has high penetration, then its icon will show exactly that. If it has an explosive substance and/or a fragmenting effect from the shell itself, this will also be added to the icon. Be careful when selecting a shell – the various shells don't just have different penetration characteristics and fragmenting actions or explosive properties, they also lose their energy differently. Note how the numerical value of armour penetration changes depending on the distance of the shot. This is shown on the shell's tooltip.

When considering the damage model, it is very important to at least point out the fact that in our game, we model the characteristics of various types of materials – glass, reinforced glass, wood and various types of metal used in both aircraft and ground vehicles. Each material has its own equivalent durability in terms of armour steel thickness. For example, we calculate that 100 mm rolled armour has an armor steel thickness equivalent to 100mm, cast armour has a 94 mm equivalent thickness, reinforced glass – 20 mm and wood – 10 mm.

===Netcode or Defining the impact point===
[[File:Yak9T_destroy_Fw190_wings.jpg|thumb|right|One critical hit on an aircraft's wing is much more effective than multiple impacts on the fuselage.]]
One of the most important questions, especially in online games, is the question of defining the impact point on an enemy when two players may have internet connections with entirely different levels of quality. This is particularly relevant in a game in which the combatants can move at high speed – in our case, in air battles.

For our game, we developed a system to define the position of each player independent of the delay they're playing with. We won't get into all the little details, but in short, this works in the following manner: the server receives only the players' own control commands (for example: joystick movement, trigger press, flap controls and so on) and their individual actions (such as activating fire extinguishers and respawn requests) and using this information, it calculates the movement and actions of each player. At the same time, it separately calculates each shell fired, including their full ballistics, including the difference between vehicle speeds (a shell will do more damage in head-on attack for the two aircraft than it would to aircraft flying away) and all the effects these shells have – all of this is independent of the vehicle's rate of fire – without any simplification! For example, the Hurricane's machine guns have a rate of fire of 1,000 shots per minute, which means that when you pull the trigger on the Hurricane Mk II, which has 12 machine guns, this aircraft alone fires 200 bullets per second into the air, each of them has their flight and trajectory individually calculated by the server! We will remind you about how damage calculation works inside the game for both aviation and ground vehicles after a hit:
[[File:Me262 intercepting B-29.png|thumbnail|right|[[B-29A-BN|B-29 ''Superfortress'']] under a head-on attack by a [[Me_262_A-1/U4|Me 262 ''Schwalbe'']]]]

* Breach check - if caliber is six times higher than plate thickness it breaches the plate automatically.
* If there is no breach - bound check.
* If there is no bound shot - then we do a penetration check, for which the following characteristics are taken into account - current penetration value, armour slope angle, and slope angle of the machine itself, angle of impact. Armour thickness is calculated and we do a check as to whether a shell can or cannot penetrate the armour. If not and the shell has explosives - it detonates and attachments can be damaged.
* If there is penetration the shell deals the damage to the armor, loses penetration value and kinetic damage proportionally to armor thickness and goes further. Also each kinetic shell creates a shard cone that can damage modules and crew in the sector.
* The shell itself goes further and when hitting any internal module all the above mentioned checks are made (excluding cases when a fragmentation shell hits armour with thickness thinner than 3-4mm - it will not generate a fragmentation cone then). Checks are made until the penetration value of a shell is enough to penetrate a module or until the fuse goes off (if the shell has explosives and armor was not thick enough to make it go off) A distance needed for the fuse is 0.5-1.5 m from the penetration point depending on caliber and type.
* When the fuse goes off the explosion follows which creates HE and fragmentary spheres of damage. Crew members and modules within the spheres may be damaged by shards and shockwave.

The server then sends the results of these calculations to each player in the session to synchronize the data, which is also calculated on the players' own systems.

Thanks to lag compensation, which consists of physical extrapolation, visual model display interpolation and time rewind with extra physical simulation, you always see the surrounding players in positions as close as possible to their real positions, which allows players to lead their opponents and target critical areas on their target regardless of the ping of any of the battle's participants (up to a certain point, of course). Any physical objects in the world, particularly heavy vehicles, possess inertia and physical properties that significantly constrict their "cone of uncertainty" – their possible states in space over a time delay – which provides a means to achieve significantly better lag compensation results than usually possible in online shooters. It also allows for creating a response in the game entirely independent of the server's reciprocal response, which means that all your actions (such as shooting and maneuvering) are applied in your client immediately and without delay. We try, as much as it is possible to do so, to ensure that delay in contacting the server does not stop players from enjoying the game, and thanks to this system, players with various levels of ping on various servers will barely notice the difference in gameplay. Only when players have extremely high ping will they see their opponents' sharp maneuvers far later and sharper than when they actually happened.

Of course, no algorithm can make up for an unstable connection, when network packets don't reach the client or the server. In such cases, players may see their opponents' maneuvers with a delay or distortion, and may even experience other problems in the game – it all depends on how often the packets drop. However, here too we have created special mechanisms to help ensure that such problems affect the players as little as possible. For example, the main movement and firing controls can suffer a packet loss of over 50%. This allows us to even further reduce the consequences of poor connections. However, it's worth remembering than any multiplayer game will be better if you have a good internet connection!

== Media ==


;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|ryx7Uxo_3X0|'''The Shooting Range #250''' - ''Special'' section at 09:08 discusses Overpressure.|srKv5v9zoGA|'''The Shooting Range #216''' - ''Special'' section at 08:28 discusses Volumetric rounds.|YzUXH6GmH2E|'''The Shooting Range #130''' - ''Tactics & Strategy'' section at 13:18 discusses Hullbreak mechanics.|rnfxWsXct9E|'''The Shooting Range #12''' - ''Science of War'' section at 03:06 discusses damage calculation.|aPfgmUwiJMA|'''The Shooting Range #10''' - ''Science of war'' section at 03:01 discusses the different types of armour.}}

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7090-development-improvements-in-the-high-explosive-action-of-ammunition-en|[Devblog] Improvements in the high-explosive action of ammunition]]
* [[wt:en/news/6856-development-volumetric-shells-in-the-raining-fire-update-en|[Devblog] Volumetric shells in the "Raining Fire" update]]
* [[wt:en/news/6010-development-improved-calculation-of-armour-penetration-in-the-game-en|[Devblog] Improved Calculation of Armour Penetration in the game]]
* [[wt:en/news/4505-the-damage-model-has-been-refined-en|[News] The damage model has been refined]]

[[Category:Game mechanics]]

YaG-10 (29-K)

2021-06-13T09:42:11Z

U91234167: Grammar edits

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_zsu_29k
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.67 "Assault"]].

This unarmoured truck is equipped with a good fast-firing 76.2 mm cannon, which has similar armour penetration to the famous [[D-5T (85 mm)|D-5T]] from later soviet vehicles. This is the last unarmoured truck chassis of the Soviet tech tree, after the [[ZiS-12 (94-KM)]] and before the [[ZiS-43]]. The 29-K is purely a sniper, and use it as such. This truck is all about its precise, fast firing gun and nothing else. Safely cover up 2/3 of the vehicle behind a building, leaving only the gun, gunner and one loader exposed, taking precise shots at unsuspecting enemies.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


The {{PAGENAME}} has 6 crew members, meaning it can take a few shots and even resist MG fire (if well-covered). Ammo racks are covered with 12 mm steel plates, meaning regular MGs cannot ignite them. Otherwise, any HE shell will rip the YaG-10 apart and artillery usually shreds the vehicle with shrapnel. This low armour value has its advantages: APHE shells will often not detonate or simply not hit anything if shot from the sides.

'''Armour type:'''

* Structural steel (Truck cabin)
* Rolled homogeneous armour (Bed frame)
* Wood (Truck bed)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Truck || 5 mm ''Grille'' 5 mm (83-86°) ''Front hood''|| 5 mm || 5 mm || 5 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Wheels are 10 mm thick
* Chassis is 30 mm thick

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 133|rbMinHp= 83}}

It's a cannon on wheels. Unlike most other Soviet trucks, it is not a GAZ chassis, it is a ten-wheeled YaG-10. This new (and unique) chassis is slower than its predecessors, but has better ground flotation with 10 wheels in total (8 in the back and under the gun, 2 at the front). The wheeled configuration makes turning on the spot impossible; thus, anticipate an escape route in case the situation turns sour.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|3-K (76 mm)}}

The 76.2 mm 3-K equipped on this chassis is one hell of a gun, with good penetration, relatively flat ballistic trajectory and enough explosives in the APHE shell to one-shot kill when it penetrates. ''3 loaders'' provide it with a fast reload speed, comparable to Rank 1 vehicles. These 3 crew members allows a bit of loss before feeling a reduced firing rate. The only thing the gun lacks is turning speed for reacting faster, especially since the cabin gets in the way of the gun when trying to shoot forwards. This gun has similar characteristics to the D-5T, found on later Soviet tanks, providing a good learning curve to tanks using it (mainly [[SU-85]], [[IS-1]], [[T-34-85 (D-5T)]]).

The gun can also fire HE-DF shells, however setting the fuse requires rangefinding the target which is never done quickly enough against air targets. Even if the shell manages to detonate near the plane, its explosive amount is rarely enough to take down the target in one go. Low rate of fire compared to proper SPAA doesn't help either. In general, planes should be the lowest priority target of this vehicle.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[3-K (76 mm)|76 mm 3-K]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 48 || rowspan="2" | -3°/+82° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 9.7 || 13.4 || 16.3 || 18.0 || 19.2 || rowspan="2" | 6.50 || rowspan="2" | 5.75 || rowspan="2" | 5.30 || rowspan="2" | 5.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 6.5 || 7.7 || 9.4 || 10.3 || 11.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| BR-361 || APHEBC || 121 || 119 || 109 || 98 || 88 || 79
|-
| O-361 || HE-TF || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| BR-361 || APHEBC || 813 || 6.61 || 1.2 || 14 || 150 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| O-361 || HE-TF || 813 || 6.61 || 0 || 0.1 || 621 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''48''' || 37 ''(+11)'' || 25 ''(+23)'' || 13 ''(+35)'' || 1 ''(+47)'' || No
|-
|}
Note:

* As they are modeled by sets of 6, shells disappear from the rack only after you fire all shells in the set.
* Front racks empty: 25 ''(+23)'' shells.

== Usage in battles ==

This truck is preferably used at a distance to increase its survivability. Most MGs have poor accuracy at distance, greatly decreasing their ability to shred the 29-K. It has a good and very precise gun capable of taking down (almost) any target it may encounter from the front. Always show the sides since it decreases the chances of having a bullet pass right through all of the crew members in one shot. Showing the side also allows the YaG-10 to use the full 360° traverse to its best. If possible, only show the gun, this way, it allows minimal exposure and can allow for quick hiding at a moment's notice and if shot, only sacrifices one or two crew members.

'''Do not:'''

* Rush into towns
* Drive directly towards an enemy
* Stay near an artillery strike
* Snipe in the middle of a field: ''Find cover''

Although this is a Rank 3 vehicle, its low BR often places it against Rank 2 tanks. Even with its awesome cannon, this truck can encounter fierce foes with even better armour.

* [[Churchill Mk VII]], [[M4A3E2|M4A3E2 ''Jumbo'']]: Both impervious to shots on the front glacis.
* [[Jagdpanzer 38(t)|Jagdpanzer 38(t) ''Hetzer'']]: Well-angled armour can bounce many shots.
* [[Calliope]]: Has many ready-to-fire rockets to annihilate the 29-K.
* Any AA/AAA is a threat as their heavy automatic weapons will rip through the thin armour.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent AP penetration.
* Good reload time.
* Precise gun, good ballistic trajectory.
* Paper-thin armour reduces spalling from AP shells and APHE fuse rarely activates.
* Six crew members.
* Ammo racks are protected from low calibre MG fire.

'''Cons:'''

* Paper-thin armour lets machine guns rip it to shreds.
* Poor gun depression of -3°.
* Ammo rack in rear and middle of the overall vehicle.
* Slow gun traverse.
* Very low mobility in harsher terrain.
* Can be easily destroyed by air strikes.
* No access to higher penetration rounds.
* Lack of a gun shield means that the gunners are easier to take out than they are on the 88mm Flak Truck.
* Shredded by artillery and HE shells.
* Prone to destruction by overpressure.
* Cannot shoot upfront due to the high truck cabin.

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=ussr&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=tank_destroyer&vehicle=ussr_zsu_29k Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|l1DTj5x40CY|'''The Shooting Range #57''' - ''War Machines'' section at 00:27 discusses the YaG-10 (29-K).}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/4562-development-29-k-reach-the-sky-en|[Devblog] 29-K: Reach the Sky]]

{{USSR tank destroyers}}
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

SU-57B

2021-06-13T09:40:39Z

U91234167: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_su_57b
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.83 "Masters of the Sea"]].

This tank destroyer uses a 57 mm ZIS-4 for its main gun. It features a low profile, good top speed (40 km/h in RB) and great penetration for its rank, but weak armour at all angles. It is the first tank destroyer available at rank III for the Soviets.

The overall design of the SU-57B allows for sneaky attacks, revolving around the 57 mm ZiS-4 gun that allows for engagement from medium range on unsuspecting enemies. Because of its low profile, this TD can use bushes and terrain to hide its approach. However, the trade-off is lacklustre mobility, so it compares with the ZiS-30 that provides better mobility and speed and can reposition much faster. Despite all these limitations, when played right the SU-57B can score good scores, but only when properly positioned and not detected.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The SU-57B has the best armour on the front (25 mm), weaker armour on the sides (16 mm) and weak on the rear (16 mm). Regarding the crew protection, because of the number of crew members (4), the loss of 1 or 2 crew members is acceptable. But due to the thin armour (25 mm front, 16 mm sides and rear), the SU-57B can take one or two shots maximum before being put out of order. It is much better protected than the ZiS-30 and can sustain MG fire.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 25 mm (38°) ''Front glacis'' 25 mm (24°) ''Lower glacis'' 25 mm (0-90°) ''Gun mantlet'' 25 mm (37°) ''Cheeks'' || 16 mm (0-32°) || 16 mm (40°) ''Top'' 10 mm (45°) ''Bottom'' || 10 mm (72-85°) 5 mm (72°) ''Grille''
|-
|}

* Belly armour is 6 mm thick.
* Suspension wheels are 10 mm thick while tracks are 15 mm thick.


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 148|rbMinHp= 92|}}

The {{PAGENAME}} is sluggish at backwards speed and will have a hard time countering an opponent attempting a flanking manoeuvre. The best bet is to retreat and relocate when spotted. Fortunately, thanks to its great forward speed (43 km/h maximum), the {{PAGENAME}} can still move quite easily.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|ZIS-4 (57 mm)}}

The main gun is ridiculously powerful for its hull. It features a ZIS-4 57 mm that has a penetration rate similar to the ZiS-30 main gun. The position of the main gun is quite low and enemies will have a hard time detecting the silhouette of the tank. However, because of its long barrel, one must be careful not to stand out from cover or from the sides.

The recoil of the gun can be important and must be taken care of, as well as the dispersion effect. The relatively fast reloading rate of 6.5 seconds allows for a comfortable targeting and efficiency. Though, with the SU-57B able to hold a total of 72 rounds of ammunition, the SU-57B can shoot more freely without worry. However, keep in mind the 6.5 seconds initial reload time can be quite long when facing an opponent at close range.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[ZIS-4 (57 mm)|57 mm ZIS-4]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 72 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+14° || rowspan="2" | ±18° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 6.2 || 8.5 || 10.4 || 11.5 || 12.2 || rowspan="2" | 6.5 || rowspan="2" | 5.8 || rowspan="2" | 5.3 || rowspan="2" | 5.0
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 4.2 || 4.9 || 6.0 || 6.6 || 7.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| BR-271 || APHEBC || 145 || 143 || 132 || 119 || 108 || 98
|-
| BR-271K || APHE || 145 || 143 || 132 || 119 || 108 || 98
|-
| O-271 || HE || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| BR-271 || APHEBC || 990 || 3.14 || 1.2 || 9 || 21.56 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| BR-271K || APHE || 990 || 3.14 || 1.2 || 9 || 27.72 || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| O-271 || HE || 700 || 3.72 || 0 || 0.1 || 220 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''72''' || 61 ''(+11)'' || 49 ''(+23)'' || 37 ''(+35)'' || 25 ''(+47)'' || 13 ''(+59)'' || 1 ''(+71)'' || No
|-
|}


== Usage in battles ==

The SU-57B is a light armoured tank destroyer, armed with a deadly ZiS-4 57mm Anti-Tank gun that is not a threat to take lightly for most enemy vehicles at 3.0, though being a lightly armoured vehicle it can prove to be a very difficult vehicle to master at first. But even with its light armour it got a useful acceleration and top speed makes it a opponent to be wary against. A well placed or hidden Su-57B can with ease prove to be a great obstacle for the enemy armoured units.

A key element to the Su-57B being used successfully is distance to enemy targets and element of surprise, the ZiS-4 is a gun that can attack most vehicles at any distance on the field, with a powerful and fast firing 57mm long barrel it can ambush from distance as from close range. Why distance is a key for the Su-57B is its lack of armour, being 25mm frontally thick but at an angle that gives it an effective armour of 32mm makes it an easy target for most vehicles it will face. At a distance it has a higher possibility to survive a hit and maintain a distance to enemy 12.7mm Machine guns.

Ground units are one of the Su-57B's least worries, enemy air units can easily target the Su-57B from above, having a light top armour makes most machine gun fire and cannon fire from planes a lethal threat. Lacking a anti-air machine gun on it, makes it hard for it to defend itself against air units. Hiding in forests or bushes are a way for it to defend itself form aircrafts. Protection against air can also be near allied SPAA vehicles.

Enemies to be aware of is mostly heavy tanks like [[Churchill III]] and light tanks that can easily flank it like [[Sd.Kfz.234/2]] and [[M5A1]], SPAA like [[M15A1 CGMC]], [[Wirbelwind]], [[R3 T20 FA-HS]] and [[ZSD63]] will have a easy time destroying the light armour. But most important of all is that it's extremely vulnerable to any air attack against it, you can with ease prevent ground units to get into a effective range, Air units can attack from anywhere and easily make scrap metal out of the Su-57B

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent top forward speed
* Excellent 57 mm ZIS-4 main gun which provides the necessary firepower to deal with mostly anything
* Very low profile ideal for sneak attacks and sniper attacks, similar to ASU-57
* Good reload time (6.5 seconds)

'''Cons:'''

* Sluggish acceleration
* Very weak rear speed
* Poor side mobility, don't expect to be able to turn around quickly
* Weak armor (25/16/16) and susceptible to any type of damage, even heavy MGs and tanks from BR 1.0 can kill it with ease

== History ==

In 1943 the MVTU USSR design bureau proposed an 11 ton tank hunter prototype with two main gun variants:

# The 75 mm S-1 main gun
# The 57 mm S-1-57 main gun

Both would be propelled with a diesel GMC-71 engine.

At the same moment, the GAZ design bureau was working on 2 designs. One named "GAZ-74b" which is the SU-57B with a long barrel, and an improved version with a 76 mm gun.The Su-57a was to be the tank hunter with the 76mm main gun. The Su-57B was not accepted for service because it was too costly pro produce and because of its newer diesel engine.

Later the GAZ-74d (SU-76d) would come out with a 76 mm S-1 main gun and a frontal armour of 60 mm. It will also be known later as "SU-80".

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=ussr&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=tank_destroyer&vehicle=ussr_su_57b Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<div><ul>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:SU-57B Intro.jpg|thumb|none|300px|{{PAGENAME}} driving around Stalingrad]] </li>
</ul></div>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|OMYBfO-32LM|'''{{PAGENAME}}: A Bad Tank w/ a Great Gun''' - ''Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [http://www.wardrawings.be/WW2/Files/1-Vehicles/Allies/2-USSR/05-TankDestroyers/RussianHetzer/File/Russian-Hetzer.htm [War Drawings<nowiki>]</nowiki> Russian Hetzer Tank Destroyer]
* [http://english.battlefield.ru/tanks/14-experimental/63-russian-hetzer.html [Battlefield<nowiki>.ru]</nowiki> Russian 'Hetzer']

{{USSR tank destroyers}}

SU-122

2021-04-06T15:28:38Z

U91234167: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_su_122
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before Update 1.41. This vehicle was created on T-34 chassis. It carries a fearsome 122 mm M-30 howitzer.

The main feature of this SPG is a powerful gun, but make good use of the first shot. It is very hard to hit targets from over 500 m in Realistic and Simulator battles. One good tactic would be to rush an enemy tank and shoot it at point-blank range but this only works if there is no other enemy tank because with an untrained crew it can take up to 33 seconds before the {{PAGENAME}} has reloaded.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The front glacis of the tank is very strong. Sloped at about 50° with 45 mm of steel, and an even stronger lower glacis reaching up to 100 mm of armour with an angle about 20-70°. This allows you to face some enemies with lighter armament frontally and tank their shells. Note that if you lose your gun and/or tracks, you're losing all means of fighting back or retreating. Having 5 crew members is not spectacular, but it still gives you a fighting chance if 1 or 2 crew members are knocked out.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet, Driver's hatch)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 45 mm (49-50°) ''Front glacis'' 45-100 mm (21-69°) ''Lower glacis'' || 45 mm (17-41°) ''Top'' 45 mm ''Bottom'' || 45 mm (47-48°) ''Top'' 45 mm (48°) ''Bottom'' || 20 mm
|-
| Superstructure || 45 mm (49-50°) || 45 mm (17-18°) || 45 mm (12°) || 20 mm
|-
! Armour !! Sides !! Roof
|-
| Cupola || 45 mm || 20 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=710|rbMinHp=442}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M-30 (122 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M-30 (122 mm)|122 mm M-30]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 40 || rowspan="2" | -3°/+25° || rowspan="2" | ±10° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 13.21 || 18.28 || 22.25 || 24.55 || 26.12 || rowspan="2" | 23.66 || rowspan="2" | 20.93 || rowspan="2" | 19.29 || rowspan="2" | 18.20
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.93 || 10.50 || 12.75 || 14.10 || 15.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| OF-462 || HE || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37
|-
| BP-460A || HEAT || 160 || 160 || 160 || 160 || 160 || 160
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| OF-462 || HE || 515 || 21.76 || 0 || 0.1 || 3,670 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| BP-460A || HEAT || 335 || 13.4 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 3,360 || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| D-462A || 515 || 23.3 || 20 || 5 || 25 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! Ammo part
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''40''' || style="text-align:right" | ''Projectiles'' ''Propellants'' || 29 ''(+11)'' 29 ''(+11)'' || 17 ''(+23)'' 17 ''(+23)'' || 8 ''(+32)'' 8 ''(+32)'' || 1 ''(+39)'' 1 ''(+39)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* The {{PAGENAME}} uses two-piece ammunition, composed of projectiles (yellow) and propellant bags (orange). Both have separate racks.
* Racks disappear after all shells in the rack have been loaded or fired.

== Usage in battles ==

The main feature of this SPG is a powerful gun, but make good use of every shot, or else you will be vulnerable for about half a minute. It is very hard to hit targets from over 500m in realistic and simulator battles and over 600m in arcade battles since shell velocity is low and shell drop is significant. The cannon's HEAT shell has excellent destructive power and significantly higher penetration than its HE counterpart(and in fact can penetrate almost anything it will face at its BR), but it also has a slower shell velocity than the HE shell. Practice makes aiming at long distances easier, but it is still recommended to stay at close to medium range whenever possible. One good tactic would be to rush an enemy tank and shoot it at point-blank range, but this only works if there is no other enemy tank nearby because with an untrained crew it can take up to 33 seconds before the SU-122 finishes reloading.

This slow reload rate also means that the SU-122 cannot effectively deal with multiple enemies at the same time. Therefore, team play is almost a necessity. This is especially important since, of course, the SU-122 is a case-mate tank destroyer without a traversable turret. The vehicle's flanks are incredibly vulnerable to enemy flankers, and although the side armour can stop small-calibre rounds, they will not usually stop shells from enemy tanks. It is very important to keep a constant lookout for enemy flankers, especially when fighting at closer ranges where the enemy can sneak up without your noticing.

When the loader(s) is wounded or knocked out, the long reload time will become even longer, and playing effectively with the SU-122 then becomes very difficult. So, avoid exposing the loader to enemy fire when possible. Thankfully, the SU-122 has a decent armour layout. Its front armour, while not amazing, can still hold its ground against some low-rank guns, and the gun mantlet is very strong. The tank also has a fairly small silhouette. Nevertheless, the armour is not capable of dealing with high-rank guns, and due to the crew layout within the tank, a shot to the left side can knock out three of the five crew members--including the driver and the gunner. This is a debilitating hit and will often result in the SU-122's outright destruction. If possible, position your tank so that it is difficult for the enemy to hit this left side of your vehicle.

The SU-122 plays well has a hull-down tank destroyer: this is where its powerful gun shines and where the issues caused by its long reload are minimized. If choosing this playstyle, the player should remember that the SU-122 suffers at long ranges due to its slow shell velocity. Therefore, choose hull-down positions so that the enemy will appear at close or medium ranges. Also be aware that the SU-122 has bad gun depression, which can make shooting over ridgelines very difficult.

Another possible playstyle is 1-on-1 close range brawling. In this playstyle, it is important to cooperate with teammates, since the lack of a turret means that the SU-122 has very little offensive capabilities on its sides(whereas tanks with turrets can simply turn their turret to face the flanker); it can only deal with enemies from the front. It it aided by good mobility and great acceleration, which are both useful qualities to have in close-range fighting.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great firepower, capable of destroying tanks with a single shot when used with HEAT rounds
* Sloped front glacis, while not outstanding, is still capable of bouncing shells from most low-rank guns
* Mantlet is very strong and shells can bounce off it
* Good mobility and acceleration (T-34 chassis and engine)
* Somewhat low silhouette
* Two respawns in [[Simulator Battles|SB mode]]

'''Cons:'''

* Very long reload time, increased if the loader is wounded
* Ineffective armour against high-rank guns
* Gun mantlet can limit the view when in sniper mode only when in SB Mode
* Gun takes time to get used to
** Limited horizontal gun traverse
** Poor gun depression
** Poor shell ballistics (low projectile velocity and early projectile drop) makes it near-impossible to hit moving targets and targets beyond 500m

== History ==

===Development===
The success of the Germans [[StuG III F|StuG III]] and other self-propelled assault gun took the Soviet High Command's interest on the concept. Self-propelled guns were generally considered cheaper and more easily produced compared to regular tanks due to the lack of turret, plus it could be made with a large fighting compartment and bigger guns than those that could be mounted on turrets, the only drawbacks to the designs were limited traverse of the gun so it would do poorly in close-quarters situations.

On the 15th April, 1942, the Soviets asked design bureaus to begin development of assault guns using a wide selection of armament ranging from their 76.2 mm ZiS-3 field guns, 122 mm M-30, and 152 mm ML-20 howitzers. The prototype assault gun was armed with the 122 mm and was quite similar to the StuG III's design, designated the SG-122, of which only 10 were made due to reliability issues. The next step was to take the standard issued Soviet tank, the [[T-34 (1941)|T-34]], and convert that into the assault gun. The prototype, U-34, was created in summer of 1942 in the Uralsky Machine Building factory by N. W. Kurin and G. F. Ksjunin. It initially had the same armament of 76.2 mm, but it was 70 cm lower than the regular T-34 and had more armour at a lighter weight, this did not enter production. Another work was done to combine the U-34 features with the SG-122, this was completed in around late summer of 1942 and featured the U-34 chassis with the 122 mm armament placed on with the least modifications possible to keep the design affordable and easy to produce. This new design, now the U-35, was created on November 25, 1942, and was sent for evaluations. There were faults discovered in the elevation mechanism, loading system, and ventilation for the crew. Despite these flaws, the vehicle was accepted into service first as the SU-35 but then renamed the '''SU-122'''. Several modifications were made to the vehicle during production, such as simplifications to the design, modified interior layout, removed vision slots, and added a commander's periscope. The production began in December 1942 and continue on until summer of 1944 with 1,150 total unit produced.

===Design===
The vehicle was based off the T-34 chassis, so it uses the same running gear, engine, suspension, and tracks as the T-34. This is consistent with the concept of utilizing the chassis of proven vehicles and converting them into other uses. The design mounted the 122 mm M-30 howitzer, which was made for infantry support in a role similar to the StuG III in German usage. The M-30S howitzer could be elevated or depressed between −3° and +26° and had 10° of the traverse. The design had no armour advantage over the standard T-34 with 45 mm thick frontal armour to keep production simple. The design had a crew of five: The driver, gunner, commander, and two loaders to load the 122 mm shells.

===Combat usage===
The first few SU-122s created were sent to training centres and to two combat units, the 1433rd and 1434th self-propelled artillery regiments. Each regiment was intended to have two batteries of four SU-122s and four batteries of four [[SU-76M|SU-76s]]. Thirty of such self-propelled artillery regiments were planned to be raised in the armour and mechanized corps. In January 1943, the 1433 and 1434 regiments were sent to Leningrad near the Volkhov Front to support the 54th Army. These regiments and their self-propelled guns first saw action on January 14 in the Smierdny region. Combat experience showed that the best deployment of the SU-122s was about 400 to 600 meters behind advancing tank units, to which it was sometimes reduced to just 200 meters minimum distance. The mixed deployment of the SU-76 and the SU-122 was a failure and the organization was changed. The new system had two batteries of SU-76 and three batteries of SU-122s for 20 vehicles, this was changed again in April for separate regiments for SU-76s and SU-122s (called "light" and "medium" respectively). The medium self-propelled artillery regiments had four batteries of four SU-122s each for 16 vehicles. An additional SU-122 or T-34 was added as a commander for the regiment, along with a BA-64 armoured car for reconnaissance duties. This organization of the self-propelled artillery regiments stayed until the beginning of 1944 as newer and better self-propelled guns such as the [[SU-85]], [[ISU-122]], and [[ISU-152]] were being produced, when the SU-122 was beginning to be phased out as well.

The SU-122 in combat proved very effective in its role as direct fire support on strongholds. The high-power high-explosive rounds create a massive concussion blast on impact and may be powerful enough to even knock the turret off a [[Tiger H1|Tiger I]] tank. Until May 1943, only the HE rounds were available for the 122 mm gun, but the BP-460A HEAT rounds were introduced on that month that could theoretically penetrate any armour the German have on their tanks, but the HEAT round's primitive design and fuse, adding the gun's inaccuracy, caused the SU-122 to not be an effective tank destroyer.

The SU-122 was never mass-produced in multiple variants, however, some were converted into prototypes. The ''SU-122M'' had a larger compartment and newer D-11 gun, and the ''SU-122-III'' had an even lighter gun than the D-11, but was unsuccessful due to unreliability. Both of these were cancelled when production priorities went to the [[SU-85]] design.

===Survivors===
Only a small number of SU-122s survived the war, with only one known example on display at the Kubinka Tank Museum.

=== In-game description ===
This SPG armed with a 122 mm М-30 Mod. 1938 howitzer was developed in October-November 1942 to support and escort tanks. In December of the same year, it entered production and was put into service.

The SPG was built on a T-34 chassis with an armoured cabin containing the driving compartment and the fighting compartment. To protect the howitzer's recoil mechanism, a large forward-extending armoured mantlet was used which swung with the weapon. The gunnery equipment could be used to fire both directly and from cover. The howitzer's ammunition load of 40 shots included high-explosive fragmentation shells and hollow-charge projectiles. The vehicle's undercarriage differed from the T-34 in the strengthened head assembly of its suspension. A 9R radio set was mounted on the SPG, along with the TPU-3-BisF intercom.

The vehicle was produced throughout 1942-1943, with 638 manufactured in total. Throughout its production, a large number of modifications were implemented with the aim of improving the vehicle's quality and simplifying its manufacturing. Work performed on perfecting the manufacturing and assembly technologies involved reduced the labour costs of its production by 15%.

The SU-122 was put into service in SPG regiments in quantities of up to 16 vehicles per regiment.

The SPG's flaws were: its small horizontal firing angle and complex aiming; long barrel length complicating manoeuvring on rough terrain and in urban areas; low rate of fire in combat; relatively small on-board ammunition capacity; and lack of a machine gun for self-defence. In spite of these flaws, the SU-122's high firepower, maneuverability and defensive capabilities made it a dangerous opponent in battle.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=ussr&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=tank_destroyer&vehicle=ussr_su_122 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|0rxJKNEBLQU|'''{{PAGENAME}} Tank Review''' - ''NUSensei''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/2644--en|[Ace Tanker] Vasily Krysov]]
* [[wikipedia:SU-122|[Wikipedia] SU-122]]

{{USSR tank destroyers}}

AG-30 (30 mm)

2021-04-06T15:19:40Z

U91234167: Pros and cons of the AG-30/AGS-30/AG-30M

SU-122

2021-04-06T05:03:22Z

U91234167: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_su_122
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before Update 1.41. This vehicle was created on T-34 chassis. It carries a fearsome 122 mm M-30 howitzer.

The main feature of this SPG is a powerful gun, but make good use of the first shot. It is very hard to hit targets from over 500 m in Realistic and Simulator battles. One good tactic would be to rush an enemy tank and shoot it at point-blank range but this only works if there is no other enemy tank because with an untrained crew it can take up to 33 seconds before the {{PAGENAME}} has reloaded.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The front glacis of the tank is very strong. Sloped at about 50° with 45 mm of steel, and an even stronger lower glacis reaching up to 100 mm of armour with an angle about 20-70°. This allows you to face some enemies with lighter armament frontally and tank their shells. Note that if you lose your gun and/or tracks, you're losing all means of fighting back or retreating. Having 5 crew members is not spectacular, but it still gives you a fighting chance if 1 or 2 crew members are knocked out.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet, Driver's hatch)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 45 mm (49-50°) ''Front glacis'' 45-100 mm (21-69°) ''Lower glacis'' || 45 mm (17-41°) ''Top'' 45 mm ''Bottom'' || 45 mm (47-48°) ''Top'' 45 mm (48°) ''Bottom'' || 20 mm
|-
| Superstructure || 45 mm (49-50°) || 45 mm (17-18°) || 45 mm (12°) || 20 mm
|-
! Armour !! Sides !! Roof
|-
| Cupola || 45 mm || 20 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=710|rbMinHp=442}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M-30 (122 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M-30 (122 mm)|122 mm M-30]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 40 || rowspan="2" | -3°/+25° || rowspan="2" | ±10° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 13.21 || 18.28 || 22.25 || 24.55 || 26.12 || rowspan="2" | 23.66 || rowspan="2" | 20.93 || rowspan="2" | 19.29 || rowspan="2" | 18.20
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.93 || 10.50 || 12.75 || 14.10 || 15.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| OF-462 || HE || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37
|-
| BP-460A || HEAT || 160 || 160 || 160 || 160 || 160 || 160
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| OF-462 || HE || 515 || 21.76 || 0.1 || 0.1 || 3,670 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| BP-460A || HEAT || 335 || 13.4 || 0.0 || 0.1 || 3,360 || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| D-462A || 515 || 23.3 || 20 || 5 || 25 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! Ammo part
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''40''' || style="text-align:right" | ''Projectiles'' ''Propellants'' || 29 ''(+11)'' 29 ''(+11)'' || 17 ''(+23)'' 17 ''(+23)'' || 8 ''(+32)'' 8 ''(+32)'' || 1 ''(+39)'' 1 ''(+39)'' || No
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The main feature of this SPG is a powerful gun, but make good use of the first shot. It is very hard to hit targets from over 500 m in realistic and simulator battles since shell velocity is slow and shell drop is significant. The cannon's HEAT shell has excellent destructive power and higher penetration than its HE shell (and in fact can penetrate almost anything it will face), but it also has a slower shell velocity than the HE shell. Practice makes aiming at long distances easier, but it is still recommended to stay at close to medium range when possible. One good tactic would be to rush an enemy tank and shoot him at point-blank range, but this only works if there is no other enemy tank nearby because with an untrained crew it can take up to 33 seconds before the SU-122 has reloaded.

This slow reload rate also means that the SU-122 cannot effectively deal with multiple enemies at the same time. Therefore, team play is almost a necessity. This is especially important since, of course, the SU-122 is a case-mate tank destroyer without a traversable turret. The vehicle's flanks are incredibly vulnerable to enemy flankers, and although the side armour can stop small-calibre rounds, they will not usually stop shells from enemy tanks. It is very important to keep a constant lookout for enemy flankers, especially when fighting at closer ranges where the enemy can sneak up without your noticing.

When the loader(s) is wounded or knocked out, the long reload time will become even longer, and playing effectively with the SU-122 then becomes very difficult. So, avoid exposing the loader to enemy fire when possible. Thankfully, the SU-122 has a decent armour layout. Its front armour, while not anything amazing, can still protect against some low-rank guns, and the gun mantlet is very strong. The tank also has fairly small silhouette. Nevertheless, the armour is not sufficient against high-rank guns, and due to the crew layout within the tank, a shot to the left side can knock out three of the five crew members--including the driver and the gunner. This is a debilitating hit and will often result in the SU-122's outright destruction. If possible, position your tank so that it is difficult for the enemy to hit this left side of your vehicle.

The SU-122 plays well has a hull-down tank destroyer: this is where its powerful gun shines and where the issues caused by its long reload are minimized. If choosing this playstyle, the player should remember that the SU-122 suffers at long ranges due to its slow shell velocity. Therefore, choose hull-down positions so that the enemy will appear at close or medium ranges. Also be aware that the SU-122 has bad gun depression, which can make shooting over ridgelines very difficult.

Another possible playstyle is close/medium range brawling. In this playstyle, it is important to work with teammates, since the lack of a turret means that the SU-122 has very little side protection; it can only deal with enemies from the front. It it aided by good mobility and great acceleration, which are both useful qualities to have in close-range fighting.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great firepower, capable of destroying tanks with a single shot when used with HEAT rounds
* Front armor is, while not outstanding, is still capable of bouncing shells from most low-rank guns
* Mantlet is very strong and shells can bounce off it
* Great acceleration
* Good mobility for its weight
* Somewhat low silhouette
* Two re-spawns in [[Simulator Battles|SB mode]]

'''Cons:'''

* Extremely long reload time
* Ineffective armor against high-rank guns
* Limited gun arc
* Poor gun depression
* Gun takes time to get used to
* Gun mantlet can limit the view when in sniper mode only when in SB Mode
* Poor shell ballistics (Low projectile velocity and early projectile drop) makes it near-impossible to hit moving targets and targets beyond 500m

== History ==

===Development===
The success of the Germans [[StuG III F|StuG III]] and other self-propelled assault gun took the Soviet High Command's interest on the concept. Self-propelled guns were generally considered cheaper and more easily produced compared to regular tanks due to the lack of turret, plus it could be made with a large fighting compartment and bigger guns than those that could be mounted on turrets, the only drawbacks to the designs were limited traverse of the gun so it would do poorly in close-quarters situations.

On the 15th April, 1942, the Soviets asked design bureaus to begin development of assault guns using a wide selection of armament ranging from their 76.2 mm ZiS-3 field guns, 122 mm M-30, and 152 mm ML-20 howitzers. The prototype assault gun was armed with the 122 mm and was quite similar to the StuG III's design, designated the SG-122, of which only 10 were made due to reliability issues. The next step was to take the standard issued Soviet tank, the [[T-34 (1941)|T-34]], and convert that into the assault gun. The prototype, U-34, was created in summer of 1942 in the Uralsky Machine Building factory by N. W. Kurin and G. F. Ksjunin. It initially had the same armament of 76.2 mm, but it was 70 cm lower than the regular T-34 and had more armour at a lighter weight, this did not enter production. Another work was done to combine the U-34 features with the SG-122, this was completed in around late summer of 1942 and featured the U-34 chassis with the 122 mm armament placed on with the least modifications possible to keep the design affordable and easy to produce. This new design, now the U-35, was created on November 25, 1942, and was sent for evaluations. There were faults discovered in the elevation mechanism, loading system, and ventilation for the crew. Despite these flaws, the vehicle was accepted into service first as the SU-35 but then renamed the '''SU-122'''. Several modifications were made to the vehicle during production, such as simplifications to the design, modified interior layout, removed vision slots, and added a commander's periscope. The production began in December 1942 and continue on until summer of 1944 with 1,150 total unit produced.

===Design===
The vehicle was based off the T-34 chassis, so it uses the same running gear, engine, suspension, and tracks as the T-34. This is consistent with the concept of utilizing the chassis of proven vehicles and converting them into other uses. The design mounted the 122 mm M-30 howitzer, which was made for infantry support in a role similar to the StuG III in German usage. The M-30S howitzer could be elevated or depressed between −3° and +26° and had 10° of the traverse. The design had no armour advantage over the standard T-34 with 45 mm thick frontal armour to keep production simple. The design had a crew of five, the driver, gunner, commander, and two loaders to load the 122 mm shells.

===Combat usage===
The first few SU-122s created were sent to training centres and to two combat units, the 1433rd and 1434th self-propelled artillery regiments. Each regiment was intended to have two batteries of four SU-122s and four batteries of four [[SU-76M|SU-76s]]. Thirty of such self-propelled artillery regiments were planned to be raised in the armour and mechanized corps. In January 1943, the 1433 and 1434 regiments were sent to Leningrad near the Volkhov Front to support the 54th Army. These regiments and their self-propelled guns first saw action on January 14 in the Smierdny region. Combat experience showed that the best deployment of the SU-122s was about 400 to 600 meters behind advancing tank units, to which it was sometimes reduced to just 200 meters minimum distance. The mixed deployment of the SU-76 and the SU-122 was a failure and the organization was changed. The new system had two batteries of SU-76 and three batteries of SU-122s for 20 vehicles, this was changed again in April for separate regiments for SU-76s and SU-122s (called "light" and "medium" respectively). The medium self-propelled artillery regiments had four batteries of four SU-122s each for 16 vehicles. An additional SU-122 or T-34 was added as a commander for the regiment, along with a BA-64 armoured car for reconnaissance duties. This organization of the self-propelled artillery regiments stayed until the beginning of 1944 as newer and better self-propelled guns such as the [[SU-85]], [[ISU-122]], and [[ISU-152]] were being produced, when the SU-122 was beginning to be phased out as well.

The SU-122 in combat proved very effective in its role as direct fire support on strongholds. The high-power high-explosive rounds create a massive concussion blast on impact and may be powerful enough to even knock the turret off a [[Tiger H1|Tiger I]] tank. Until May 1943, only the HE rounds were available for the 122 mm gun, but the BP-460A HEAT rounds were introduced on that month that could theoretically penetrate any armour the German have on their tanks, but the HEAT round's primitive design and fuse, adding the gun's inaccuracy, caused the SU-122 to not be an effective tank destroyer.

The SU-122 was never mass-produced in multiple variants, however, some were converted into prototypes. The ''SU-122M'' had a larger compartment and newer D-11 gun, and the ''SU-122-III'' had an even lighter gun than the D-11, but was unsuccessful due to unreliability. Both of these were cancelled when production priorities went to the [[SU-85]] design.

===Survivors===
Only a small number of SU-122s survive the war, with only one known example on display at the Kubinka Tank Museum.

=== In-game description ===
This SPG armed with a 122 mm М-30 Mod. 1938 howitzer was developed in October-November 1942 to support and escort tanks. In December of the same year, it entered production and was put into service.

The SPG was built on a T-34 chassis with an armoured cabin containing the driving compartment and the fighting compartment. To protect the howitzer's recoil mechanism, a large forward-extending armoured mantlet was used which swung with the weapon. The gunnery equipment could be used to fire both directly and from cover. The howitzer's ammunition load of 40 shots included high-explosive fragmentation shells and hollow-charge projectiles. The vehicle's undercarriage differed from the T-34 in the strengthened head assembly of its suspension. A 9R radio set was mounted on the SPG, along with the TPU-3-BisF intercom.

The vehicle was produced throughout 1942-1943, with 638 manufactured in total. Throughout its production, a large number of modifications were implemented with the aim of improving the vehicle's quality and simplifying its manufacturing. Work performed on perfecting the manufacturing and assembly technologies involved reduced the labour costs of its production by 15%.

The SU-122 was put into service in SPG regiments in quantities of up to 16 vehicles per regiment.

The SPG's flaws were: its small horizontal firing angle and complex aiming; long barrel length complicating manoeuvring on rough terrain and in urban areas; low rate of fire in combat; relatively small on-board ammunition capacity; and lack of a machine gun for self-defence. In spite of these flaws, the SU-122's high firepower, manoeuvrability and defensive capabilities made it a dangerous opponent in battle.

== Media ==


* [http://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?q=%23su122 Camouflages and skins for the SU-122 from live.warthunder.com]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR tank destroyers}}

SU-122

2021-01-02T10:10:22Z

U91234167:

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_su_122
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before Update 1.41. This vehicle was created on T-34 chassis. It carries a fearsome 122 mm M-30 howitzer.

The main feature of this SPG is a powerful gun, but make good use of the first shot. It is very hard to hit targets from over 500 m in realistic and simulator battles. One good tactic would be to rush an enemy tank and shoot him at point-blank range but this only works if there is no other enemy tank because with an untrained crew it can take up to 33 seconds before the {{PAGENAME}} has reloaded.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}
The front glacis of the tank is quite something to write home about. Sloped at a decent degree of about 50 with 45mm of steel, and an even stronger lower glacis reaching up to 100mm of armor with an angle about 20-70 degrees. This allows you to face some enemies with lighter armament frontally and tank their shells. Note that if you lose your gun and/or tracks, you're losing all means of fighting back or retreating. Having 5 crew members is not spectacular, but it still gives you a fighting chance if 1 or 2 crew members are knocked out.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet, Driver's hatch)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 45 mm (49-50°) ''Front glacis'' 45-100 mm (21-69°) ''Lower glacis'' || 45 mm (17-41°) ''Top'' 45 mm ''Bottom'' || 45 mm (47-48°) ''Top'' 45 mm (48°) ''Bottom'' || 20 mm
|-
| Superstructure || 45 mm (49-50°) || 45 mm (17-18°) || 45 mm (12°) || 20 mm
|-
! Armour !! Sides !! Roof
|-
| Cupola || 45 mm || 20 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=710|rbMinHp=442}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M-30 (122 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M-30 (122 mm)|122 mm M-30]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 40 || rowspan="2" | -3°/+25° || rowspan="2" | ±10° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 13.21 || 18.28 || 22.25 || 24.55 || 26.12 || rowspan="2" | 23.66 || rowspan="2" | 20.93 || rowspan="2" | 19.29 || rowspan="2" | 18.20
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.93 || 10.50 || 12.75 || 14.10 || 15.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| OF-462 || HE || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37
|-
| BP-460A || HEAT || 160 || 160 || 160 || 160 || 160 || 160
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| OF-462 || HE || 515 || 21.76 || 0.1 || 0.1 || 3,670 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| BP-460A || HEAT || 335 || 13.4 || 0.0 || 0.1 || 3,360 || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| D-462A || 515 || 23.3 || 20 || 5 || 25 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! Ammo part
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''40''' || style="text-align:right" | ''Projectiles'' ''Propellants'' || 29 ''(+11)'' 29 ''(+11)'' || 17 ''(+23)'' 17 ''(+23)'' || 8 ''(+32)'' 8 ''(+32)'' || 1 ''(+39)'' 1 ''(+39)'' || No
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The main feature of this SPG is a powerful gun, but make good use of the first shot. It is very hard to hit targets from over 500 m in realistic and simulator battles since shell velocity is slow and shell drop is significant. The cannon's HEAT shell has excellent destructive power and higher penetration than its HE shell (and in fact can penetrate almost anything it will face), but it also has a slower shell velocity than the HE shell. Practice makes aiming at long distances easier, but it is still recommended to stay at close to medium range when possible. One good tactic would be to rush an enemy tank and shoot him at point-blank range, but this only works if there is no other enemy tank nearby because with an untrained crew it can take up to 33 seconds before the SU-122 has reloaded.

This slow reload rate also means that the SU-122 cannot effectively deal with multiple enemies at the same time. Therefore, team play is almost a necessity. This is especially important since, of course, the SU-122 is a case-mate tank destroyer without a traversable turret. The vehicle's flanks are incredibly vulnerable to enemy flankers, and although the side armour can stop small-calibre rounds, they will not usually stop shells from enemy tanks. It is very important to keep a constant lookout for enemy flankers, especially when fighting at closer ranges where the enemy can sneak up without your noticing.

When the loader(s) is wounded or knocked out, the long reload time will become even longer, and playing effectively with the SU-122 then becomes very difficult. So, avoid exposing the loader to enemy fire when possible. Thankfully, the SU-122 has a decent armour layout. Its front armour, while not anything amazing, can still protect against some low-rank guns, and the gun mantlet is very strong. The tank also has fairly small silhouette. Nevertheless, the armour is not sufficient against high-rank guns, and due to the crew layout within the tank, a shot to the left side can knock out three of the five crew members--including the driver and the gunner. This is a debilitating hit and will often result in the SU-122's outright destruction. If possible, position your tank so that it is difficult for the enemy to hit this left side of your vehicle.

The SU-122 plays well has a hull-down tank destroyer: this is where its powerful gun shines and where the issues caused by its long reload are minimized. If choosing this playstyle, the player should remember that the SU-122 suffers at long ranges due to its slow shell velocity. Therefore, choose hull-down positions so that the enemy will appear at close or medium ranges. Also be aware that the SU-122 has bad gun depression, which can make shooting over ridgelines very difficult.

Another possible playstyle is close/medium range brawling. In this playstyle, it is important to work with teammates, since the lack of a turret means that the SU-122 has very little side protection; it can only deal with enemies from the front. It it aided by good mobility and great acceleration, which are both useful qualities to have in close-range fighting.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great firepower, capable of destroying tanks with a single shot when used with HEAT rounds
* Front armour while not outstanding, can still bounce some low-rank guns
* Mantlet is very strong and can bounce off it
* Great acceleration
* Good mobility
* Somewhat low silhouette
* Two re-spawns in [[Simulator Battles|SB mode]]

'''Cons:'''

* long reload time, the wounded loader will increase it
* Weak armour against higher rank guns
* Limited gun arc
* Bad gun depression
* Gun takes time to get used to
* Gun mantlet can limit the view when in sniper mode only when in SB Mode

== History ==

===Development===
The success of the Germans [[StuG III F|StuG III]] and other self-propelled assault gun took the Soviet High Command's interest on the concept. Self-propelled guns were generally considered cheaper and more easily produced compared to regular tanks due to the lack of turret, plus it could be made with a large fighting compartment and bigger guns than those that could be mounted on turrets, the only drawbacks to the designs were limited traverse of the gun so it would do poorly in close-quarters situations.

On the 15th April, 1942, the Soviets asked design bureaus to begin development of assault guns using a wide selection of armament ranging from their 76.2 mm ZiS-3 field guns, 122 mm M-30, and 152 mm ML-20 howitzers. The prototype assault gun was armed with the 122 mm and was quite similar to the StuG III's design, designated the SG-122, of which only 10 were made due to reliability issues. The next step was to take the standard issued Soviet tank, the [[T-34 (1941)|T-34]], and convert that into the assault gun. The prototype, U-34, was created in summer of 1942 in the Uralsky Machine Building factory by N. W. Kurin and G. F. Ksjunin. It initially had the same armament of 76.2 mm, but it was 70 cm lower than the regular T-34 and had more armour at a lighter weight, this did not enter production. Another work was done to combine the U-34 features with the SG-122, this was completed in around late summer of 1942 and featured the U-34 chassis with the 122 mm armament placed on with the least modifications possible to keep the design affordable and easy to produce. This new design, now the U-35, was created on November 25, 1942, and was sent for evaluations. There were faults discovered in the elevation mechanism, loading system, and ventilation for the crew. Despite these flaws, the vehicle was accepted into service first as the SU-35 but then renamed the '''SU-122'''. Several modifications were made to the vehicle during production, such as simplifications to the design, modified interior layout, removed vision slots, and added a commander's periscope. The production began in December 1942 and continue on until summer of 1944 with 1,150 total unit produced.

===Design===
The vehicle was based off the T-34 chassis, so it uses the same running gear, engine, suspension, and tracks as the T-34. This is consistent with the concept of utilizing the chassis of proven vehicles and converting them into other uses. The design mounted the 122 mm M-30 howitzer, which was made for infantry support in a role similar to the StuG III in German usage. The M-30S howitzer could be elevated or depressed between −3° and +26° and had 10° of the traverse. The design had no armour advantage over the standard T-34 with 45 mm thick frontal armour to keep production simple. The design had a crew of five, the driver, gunner, commander, and two loaders to load the 122 mm shells.

===Combat usage===
The first few SU-122s created were sent to training centres and to two combat units, the 1433rd and 1434th self-propelled artillery regiments. Each regiment was intended to have two batteries of four SU-122s and four batteries of four [[SU-76M|SU-76s]]. Thirty of such self-propelled artillery regiments were planned to be raised in the armour and mechanized corps. In January 1943, the 1433 and 1434 regiments were sent to Leningrad near the Volkhov Front to support the 54th Army. These regiments and their self-propelled guns first saw action on January 14 in the Smierdny region. Combat experience showed that the best deployment of the SU-122s was about 400 to 600 meters behind advancing tank units, to which it was sometimes reduced to just 200 meters minimum distance. The mixed deployment of the SU-76 and the SU-122 was a failure and the organization was changed. The new system had two batteries of SU-76 and three batteries of SU-122s for 20 vehicles, this was changed again in April for separate regiments for SU-76s and SU-122s (called "light" and "medium" respectively). The medium self-propelled artillery regiments had four batteries of four SU-122s each for 16 vehicles. An additional SU-122 or T-34 was added as a commander for the regiment, along with a BA-64 armoured car for reconnaissance duties. This organization of the self-propelled artillery regiments stayed until the beginning of 1944 as newer and better self-propelled guns such as the [[SU-85]], [[ISU-122]], and [[ISU-152]] were being produced, when the SU-122 was beginning to be phased out as well.

The SU-122 in combat proved very effective in its role as direct fire support on strongholds. The high-power high-explosive rounds create a massive concussion blast on impact and may be powerful enough to even knock the turret off a [[Tiger H1|Tiger I]] tank. Until May 1943, only the HE rounds were available for the 122 mm gun, but the BP-460A HEAT rounds were introduced on that month that could theoretically penetrate any armour the German have on their tanks, but the HEAT round's primitive design and fuse, adding the gun's inaccuracy, caused the SU-122 to not be an effective tank destroyer.

The SU-122 was never mass-produced in multiple variants, however, some were converted into prototypes. The ''SU-122M'' had a larger compartment and newer D-11 gun, and the ''SU-122-III'' had an even lighter gun than the D-11, but was unsuccessful due to unreliability. Both of these were cancelled when production priorities went to the [[SU-85]] design.

===Survivors===
Only a small number of SU-122s survive the war, with only one known example on display at the Kubinka Tank Museum.

=== In-game description ===
This SPG armed with a 122 mm М-30 Mod. 1938 howitzer was developed in October-November 1942 to support and escort tanks. In December of the same year, it entered production and was put into service.

The SPG was built on a T-34 chassis with an armoured cabin containing the driving compartment and the fighting compartment. To protect the howitzer's recoil mechanism, a large forward-extending armoured mantlet was used which swung with the weapon. The gunnery equipment could be used to fire both directly and from cover. The howitzer's ammunition load of 40 shots included high-explosive fragmentation shells and hollow-charge projectiles. The vehicle's undercarriage differed from the T-34 in the strengthened head assembly of its suspension. A 9R radio set was mounted on the SPG, along with the TPU-3-BisF intercom.

The vehicle was produced throughout 1942-1943, with 638 manufactured in total. Throughout its production, a large number of modifications were implemented with the aim of improving the vehicle's quality and simplifying its manufacturing. Work performed on perfecting the manufacturing and assembly technologies involved reduced the labour costs of its production by 15%.

The SU-122 was put into service in SPG regiments in quantities of up to 16 vehicles per regiment.

The SPG's flaws were: its small horizontal firing angle and complex aiming; long barrel length complicating manoeuvring on rough terrain and in urban areas; low rate of fire in combat; relatively small on-board ammunition capacity; and lack of a machine gun for self-defence. In spite of these flaws, the SU-122's high firepower, manoeuvrability and defensive capabilities made it a dangerous opponent in battle.

== Media ==


* [http://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?q=%23su122 Camouflages and skins for the SU-122 from live.warthunder.com]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR tank destroyers}}

SU-122

2021-01-02T09:23:56Z

U91234167: /* Description */

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_su_122
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before Update 1.41. This vehicle was created on T-34 chassis. It carries a fearsome 122 mm M-30 howitzer.

The main feature of this SPG is a powerful gun, but make good use of the first shot. It is very hard to hit targets from over 500 m in realistic and simulator battles. One good tactic would be to rush an enemy tank and shoot it at point-blank range but this only works if there is no other enemy tank because with an untrained crew it can take up to 33 seconds before the {{PAGENAME}} has reloaded. It is also advised to aim at stationary targets due to the relatively low shell velocity. If you miss, you've got to wait for at least half a minute, and that's plenty of time for the enemy to return fire.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet, Driver's hatch)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 45 mm (49-50°) ''Front glacis'' 45-100 mm (21-69°) ''Lower glacis'' || 45 mm (17-41°) ''Top'' 45 mm ''Bottom'' || 45 mm (47-48°) ''Top'' 45 mm (48°) ''Bottom'' || 20 mm
|-
| Superstructure || 45 mm (49-50°) || 45 mm (17-18°) || 45 mm (12°) || 20 mm
|-
! Armour !! Sides !! Roof
|-
| Cupola || 45 mm || 20 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=710|rbMinHp=442}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M-30 (122 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M-30 (122 mm)|122 mm M-30]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 40 || rowspan="2" | -3°/+25° || rowspan="2" | ±10° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 13.21 || 18.28 || 22.25 || 24.55 || 26.12 || rowspan="2" | 23.66 || rowspan="2" | 20.93 || rowspan="2" | 19.29 || rowspan="2" | 18.20
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.93 || 10.50 || 12.75 || 14.10 || 15.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| OF-462 || HE || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37
|-
| BP-460A || HEAT || 160 || 160 || 160 || 160 || 160 || 160
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| OF-462 || HE || 515 || 21.76 || 0.1 || 0.1 || 3,670 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| BP-460A || HEAT || 335 || 13.4 || 0.0 || 0.1 || 3,360 || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| D-462A || 515 || 23.3 || 20 || 5 || 25 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! Ammo part
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''40''' || style="text-align:right" | ''Projectiles'' ''Propellants'' || 29 ''(+11)'' 29 ''(+11)'' || 17 ''(+23)'' 17 ''(+23)'' || 8 ''(+32)'' 8 ''(+32)'' || 1 ''(+39)'' 1 ''(+39)'' || No
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The main feature of this SPG is a powerful gun, but make good use of the first shot. It is very hard to hit targets from over 500 m in realistic and simulator battles since shell velocity is slow and shell drop is significant. The cannon's HEAT shell has excellent destructive power and higher penetration than its HE shell (and in fact can penetrate almost anything it will face), but it also has a slower shell velocity than the HE shell. Practice makes aiming at long distances easier, but it is still recommended to stay at close to medium range when possible. One good tactic would be to rush an enemy tank and shoot him at point-blank range, but this only works if there is no other enemy tank nearby because with an untrained crew it can take up to 33 seconds before the SU-122 has reloaded.

This slow reload rate also means that the SU-122 cannot effectively deal with multiple enemies at the same time. Therefore, team play is almost a necessity. This is especially important since, of course, the SU-122 is a case-mate tank destroyer without a traversable turret. The vehicle's flanks are incredibly vulnerable to enemy flankers, and although the side armour can stop small-calibre rounds, they will not usually stop shells from enemy tanks. It is very important to keep a constant lookout for enemy flankers, especially when fighting at closer ranges where the enemy can sneak up without your noticing.

When the loader(s) is wounded or knocked out, the long reload time will become even longer, and playing effectively with the SU-122 then becomes very difficult. So, avoid exposing the loader to enemy fire when possible. Thankfully, the SU-122 has a decent armour layout. Its front armour, while not anything amazing, can still protect against some low-rank guns, and the gun mantlet is very strong. The tank also has fairly small silhouette. Nevertheless, the armour is not sufficient against high-rank guns, and due to the crew layout within the tank, a shot to the left side can knock out three of the five crew members--including the driver and the gunner. This is a debilitating hit and will often result in the SU-122's outright destruction. If possible, position your tank so that it is difficult for the enemy to hit this left side of your vehicle.

The SU-122 plays well has a hull-down tank destroyer: this is where its powerful gun shines and where the issues caused by its long reload are minimized. If choosing this playstyle, the player should remember that the SU-122 suffers at long ranges due to its slow shell velocity. Therefore, choose hull-down positions so that the enemy will appear at close or medium ranges. Also be aware that the SU-122 has bad gun depression, which can make shooting over ridgelines very difficult.

Another possible playstyle is close/medium range brawling. In this playstyle, it is important to work with teammates, since the lack of a turret means that the SU-122 has very little side protection; it can only deal with enemies from the front. It it aided by good mobility and great acceleration, which are both useful qualities to have in close-range fighting.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great firepower, capable of destroying tanks with a single shot when used with HEAT rounds
* Front armour while not outstanding, can still bounce some low-rank guns
* Mantlet is very strong and can bounce off it
* Great acceleration
* Good mobility
* Somewhat low silhouette
* Two re-spawns in [[Simulator Battles|SB mode]]

'''Cons:'''

* long reload time, the wounded loader will increase it
* Weak armour against higher rank guns
* Limited gun arc
* Bad gun depression
* Gun takes time to get used to
* Gun mantlet can limit the view when in sniper mode only when in SB Mode

== History ==

===Development===
The success of the Germans [[StuG III F|StuG III]] and other self-propelled assault gun took the Soviet High Command's interest on the concept. Self-propelled guns were generally considered cheaper and more easily produced compared to regular tanks due to the lack of turret, plus it could be made with a large fighting compartment and bigger guns than those that could be mounted on turrets, the only drawbacks to the designs were limited traverse of the gun so it would do poorly in close-quarters situations.

On the 15th April, 1942, the Soviets asked design bureaus to begin development of assault guns using a wide selection of armament ranging from their 76.2 mm ZiS-3 field guns, 122 mm M-30, and 152 mm ML-20 howitzers. The prototype assault gun was armed with the 122 mm and was quite similar to the StuG III's design, designated the SG-122, of which only 10 were made due to reliability issues. The next step was to take the standard issued Soviet tank, the [[T-34 (1941)|T-34]], and convert that into the assault gun. The prototype, U-34, was created in summer of 1942 in the Uralsky Machine Building factory by N. W. Kurin and G. F. Ksjunin. It initially had the same armament of 76.2 mm, but it was 70 cm lower than the regular T-34 and had more armour at a lighter weight, this did not enter production. Another work was done to combine the U-34 features with the SG-122, this was completed in around late summer of 1942 and featured the U-34 chassis with the 122 mm armament placed on with the least modifications possible to keep the design affordable and easy to produce. This new design, now the U-35, was created on November 25, 1942, and was sent for evaluations. There were faults discovered in the elevation mechanism, loading system, and ventilation for the crew. Despite these flaws, the vehicle was accepted into service first as the SU-35 but then renamed the '''SU-122'''. Several modifications were made to the vehicle during production, such as simplifications to the design, modified interior layout, removed vision slots, and added a commander's periscope. The production began in December 1942 and continue on until summer of 1944 with 1,150 total unit produced.

===Design===
The vehicle was based off the T-34 chassis, so it uses the same running gear, engine, suspension, and tracks as the T-34. This is consistent with the concept of utilizing the chassis of proven vehicles and converting them into other uses. The design mounted the 122 mm M-30 howitzer, which was made for infantry support in a role similar to the StuG III in German usage. The M-30S howitzer could be elevated or depressed between −3° and +26° and had 10° of the traverse. The design had no armour advantage over the standard T-34 with 45 mm thick frontal armour to keep production simple. The design had a crew of five, the driver, gunner, commander, and two loaders to load the 122 mm shells.

===Combat usage===
The first few SU-122s created were sent to training centres and to two combat units, the 1433rd and 1434th self-propelled artillery regiments. Each regiment was intended to have two batteries of four SU-122s and four batteries of four [[SU-76M|SU-76s]]. Thirty of such self-propelled artillery regiments were planned to be raised in the armour and mechanized corps. In January 1943, the 1433 and 1434 regiments were sent to Leningrad near the Volkhov Front to support the 54th Army. These regiments and their self-propelled guns first saw action on January 14 in the Smierdny region. Combat experience showed that the best deployment of the SU-122s was about 400 to 600 meters behind advancing tank units, to which it was sometimes reduced to just 200 meters minimum distance. The mixed deployment of the SU-76 and the SU-122 was a failure and the organization was changed. The new system had two batteries of SU-76 and three batteries of SU-122s for 20 vehicles, this was changed again in April for separate regiments for SU-76s and SU-122s (called "light" and "medium" respectively). The medium self-propelled artillery regiments had four batteries of four SU-122s each for 16 vehicles. An additional SU-122 or T-34 was added as a commander for the regiment, along with a BA-64 armoured car for reconnaissance duties. This organization of the self-propelled artillery regiments stayed until the beginning of 1944 as newer and better self-propelled guns such as the [[SU-85]], [[ISU-122]], and [[ISU-152]] were being produced, when the SU-122 was beginning to be phased out as well.

The SU-122 in combat proved very effective in its role as direct fire support on strongholds. The high-power high-explosive rounds create a massive concussion blast on impact and may be powerful enough to even knock the turret off a [[Tiger H1|Tiger I]] tank. Until May 1943, only the HE rounds were available for the 122 mm gun, but the BP-460A HEAT rounds were introduced on that month that could theoretically penetrate any armour the German have on their tanks, but the HEAT round's primitive design and fuse, adding the gun's inaccuracy, caused the SU-122 to not be an effective tank destroyer.

The SU-122 was never mass-produced in multiple variants, however, some were converted into prototypes. The ''SU-122M'' had a larger compartment and newer D-11 gun, and the ''SU-122-III'' had an even lighter gun than the D-11, but was unsuccessful due to unreliability. Both of these were cancelled when production priorities went to the [[SU-85]] design.

===Survivors===
Only a small number of SU-122s survive the war, with only one known example on display at the Kubinka Tank Museum.

=== In-game description ===
This SPG armed with a 122 mm М-30 Mod. 1938 howitzer was developed in October-November 1942 to support and escort tanks. In December of the same year, it entered production and was put into service.

The SPG was built on a T-34 chassis with an armoured cabin containing the driving compartment and the fighting compartment. To protect the howitzer's recoil mechanism, a large forward-extending armoured mantlet was used which swung with the weapon. The gunnery equipment could be used to fire both directly and from cover. The howitzer's ammunition load of 40 shots included high-explosive fragmentation shells and hollow-charge projectiles. The vehicle's undercarriage differed from the T-34 in the strengthened head assembly of its suspension. A 9R radio set was mounted on the SPG, along with the TPU-3-BisF intercom.

The vehicle was produced throughout 1942-1943, with 638 manufactured in total. Throughout its production, a large number of modifications were implemented with the aim of improving the vehicle's quality and simplifying its manufacturing. Work performed on perfecting the manufacturing and assembly technologies involved reduced the labour costs of its production by 15%.

The SU-122 was put into service in SPG regiments in quantities of up to 16 vehicles per regiment.

The SPG's flaws were: its small horizontal firing angle and complex aiming; long barrel length complicating manoeuvring on rough terrain and in urban areas; low rate of fire in combat; relatively small on-board ammunition capacity; and lack of a machine gun for self-defence. In spite of these flaws, the SU-122's high firepower, manoeuvrability and defensive capabilities made it a dangerous opponent in battle.

== Media ==


* [http://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?q=%23su122 Camouflages and skins for the SU-122 from live.warthunder.com]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR tank destroyers}}

ZiS-30

2020-12-02T02:14:37Z

U91234167: /* Description */

{{Specs-Card|code=ussr_zis_30}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_ZiS-30.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{specs|name}}''' is a Rank {{specs|rank}} Russian tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before Update 1.41. It is a lightly armoured tank destroyer mounting a gun that is very powerful for its rank.

The ZiS-30 is the second Soviet tank destroyer on the Soviet tech tree. The highlight of this tank destroyer is its ridiculously powerful gun for its rank, which is capable of destroying most tanks of a similar rank in one shot. The ZIS-30 serves mainly in a support role, firing from the rear of the line at spotted targets. Despite this, the ZIS-30 can feasibly serve as a lone sniper or a hit-and-run vehicle, due to its powerful gun and impressive speed. Although the ZIS-30 is a powerhouse in terms of speed and firepower, it is quite fragile and can easily be taken out by enemy tanks. Due to the near nonexistent armour of the ZIS-30, the crew is extremely prone to damage and it takes very few shots to knock them out. A proven tactic is to fire at preoccupied enemies so that they cannot react fast enough to fire back. Often it helps to set up an ambush position on a ridge and wait for the enemy to enter your line of fire. After taking several shots (2-4), it is advised that a new position be found, as other enemies may have noticed you by that time.

The ZiS-30 possesses three main advantages – small dimensions, great speed and manoeuvrability, and a fantastic gun for its rank. With its good top speed and acceleration, it can move very quickly across the map. It is also comparatively a very small vehicle, so it can be a very hard target to hit especially at long range. Its gun has virtually no problems when penetrating anything on the given BR spread (eg. 2.3-3.3) and features a (relatively) fast rate of fire and flat trajectory, making the vehicle a suitable long-range sniper. As the gun is mounted onto the roof, the vehicle has a reasonably tall profile. This is both an advantage and disadvantage – it compromises your cover which allows you to be spotted easier, but at the same time, you can shoot over lower obstacles while exposing only the gun shield.

Obviously, there are disadvantages as well. The gun’s recoil is rather strong for the small chassis and the sway is large enough to cause you to lose track of your target, hence requiring realignment every time you take the shot. The vehicle also carries a very small ammunition supply. Most importantly, however, the vehicle’s armour is practically nonexistent and even armour piercing rounds from rifle calibre machine guns can pierce your frontal armour at close range. The crew of the gun are protected only by the gun shield. Otherwise, it’s exposed and thus very vulnerable. However, many armour piercing rounds will just pass through the gun shield without detonating, significantly reducing the damage. That being said, it is advised to use HE rounds when facing the ZiS-30.

Given its advantages and disadvantages, the ZiS-30’s performs best when used as a highly mobile, long-range sniper. Race to a position using your speed and then conceal your fragile hull and then wait for the enemy to stumble in your sights. Use your high rate of fire to take several well-aimed shots, then quickly relocate. Further research of the ZiS-30 will lead to the [[SU-122]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 10 mm (24°) ''Front plate'' 10 mm (67°) ''Front glacis'' 10 mm (50°) ''Lower glacis'' || 7 mm (19°) ''Top'' 17 mm (1°) ''Bottom'' || 7 mm (1-42°)|| 5-7 mm
|-
| Gun shield || 5 mm (31°) || N/A || N/A || N/A
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 10 mm thick while tracks are 15 mm thick.
* Aside from the front gun shield, there is no armoured encasement for the gunner and loader crew members.
* The vehicle is so lightly armoured that it is extremely vulnerable to artillery strikes, plane strafings and ramming attacks.

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 71|rbMinHp= 44|}}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|ZiS-2 (57 mm)}}
[[File:ZiS-30 horizontal gun and MG displacement.png|right|thumbnail|Gun and MG horizontal displacement on the ZiS-30|200px]]
The ZiS-2 57mm gun offers among the highest penetration power at its BR. Its high muzzle velocity allows for a flat firing trajectory and thus makes it easier to aim from a distance and anticipate the path of moving targets. Its accuracy drop is noticeable only over 1500m distance.The ZiS-2 57mm gun can sometimes penetrate the Tiger H1 side armour from long range.

The rotation speed of the gun is slow compared to other tanks at the same rank or battle rating. This however does not end up being a huge handicap because the playstyle for this vehicle is to snipe from a distance.
The elevation angle is average for such a long gun.
The depression angle is not big enough for you to fire from cover but it is better than no depression as it is a rare feature on Soviet vehicles.

Additionally to having a limited gun rotation on the horizontal axis, that displacement is asymmetrical due to the loader position limiting movement to the left side. This can make the tracking of a target difficult if the gun reaches a stop. You should take that constraint into account when positioning your hull at a firing spot.

Your recoil also is a handicapping feature: your hull being very light, it can not absorb much of the recoil power (even with the huge damping cylinders on the gun). Using the "sight distance control" feature can help mitigate that aspect but any movement of the mouse during the recoil phase will nullify the sight setting.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[ZiS-2 (57 mm)|57 mm ZiS-2]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 20 || rowspan="2" | -4°/+22° || rowspan="2" | ±30° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 6.16 || 8.53 || 10.36 || 11.46 || 12.19 || rowspan="2" | 6.50 || rowspan="2" | 5.75 || rowspan="2" | 5.30 || rowspan="2" | 5.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 4.17 || 4.90 || 5.95 || 6.58 || 7.00
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| BR-271 || APHEBC ||145||143||132||119||108||98
|-
| BR-271K || APHE ||145||143||132||119||108||98
|-
| O-271 || HE || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="7" | Shell details
|-
! Ammunition
! Type of warhead
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Fuse delay (m)
! Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| BR-271 || APHEBC || 990 || 3.14 || 1.2 || 9 ||21.56
|-
| BR-271K || APHE || 990 || 3.14 || 1.2 || 9 ||27.72
|-
| O-271 || HE || 700 || 3.72 || 0.4 || 0.01 || 220
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''20''' || 11 ''(+9)'' || 1 ''(+19)'' || No
|-
|}
Notes:

* The ammo racks on the ZiS-30 are 2 racks of 10 (left side) and 10 (right side) totaling 20 shells.
* The first rack to be depleted is the left-hand rack, then the right-hand rack.
* To go into battle at full capacity, pack 20 shells (left rack: 9 + right rack: 10, with 1 shell in the breech taken from the left rack).
* To go into battle with the first rack depleted, pack 11 shells (right rack: 10 + 1 shell in the breech).
* To go into battle with the first and second racks depleted, pack 1 shells (1 shell in the breech).
* Recommended ammo load is 20 as your ammo capacity is very low.

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|DT (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | [[DT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm DT]]
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Hull mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 756 (63) || 600 || ±10° || ±10°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

As mentioned above, the ZIS-30 is ideal for ambush and sniping attacks, especially due to the fairly flat trajectory of the rounds. Carry a full load of ammo (it's only 20 rounds), especially the standard-issue APHE shell, which is capable of penetrating the armour of just about every reasonable enemy for your battle rating. Shoot'n'scoot tactics are advised and use the surprising agility of the vehicle to get into unexpected locations.

While this tank can be used in AB to some effect (due to its excellent gun and good handling), you lose your main advantage, surprise! The ZIS-30 is easy to conceal due to its small size, especially if you have camouflage vegetation to add to the vehicle. This means that it is particularly effective in RB and SB. At the start of the match, rush to a good location overlooking enemy movement routes or a capture point and snipe away, making sure that you change your position every few shots to prevent enemies from tracking you down. In RB, planes become a big threat as the game goes on. Even light machine guns are a threat, and at BR 2.3 planes start getting heavier cannons and various payloads, which will tear you apart, while the ZIS-30 rarely has any anti-aircraft armaments. Therefore, it is best to remain hidden in dense vegetation or among rocks or buildings to keep you safe. However at the initial part of a game the player is usually safe, as the enemy is unlikely to have enough SP to spawn with an aircraft.

In SB the ZIS-30 is very good at protecting capture points from enemy vehicles. Simply find a good hiding spot and wait for your enemy to go to capture the point, then take them out one by one.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

[[M4A3 (105)]]: this low-rank Sherman is one tough tank to destroy, but luckily your ZiS-30 is one of the few that can destroy it with ease (most of the time). Within 500 m, your default shell can easily penetrate its frontal/side armour with an appropriate angle. You can also penetrate its turret between the edge of the gun mantlet and the gun barrel. A penetrating shell is very likely to knock out most of its crew. However, when it's angling, hull down, or >500 m away, either aim really carefully at the turret or wait until it reveals other weakspots (eg. side). Note that you will be hull-broken easily by its HEAT so avoid getting hit by it.

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Mobility
! Protection
! colspan="2" | Firepower
|-
| I
| Tracks
|
| Parts
| Horizontal Drive
|
|-
| II
| Suspension
| Brake System
| FPE
| Adjustment of Fire
| BR-271K
|-
| III
| Filters
|
| Crew Replenishment
| Elevation Mechanism
|
|-
| IV
| Transmission
| Engine
|
|
|
|-
|}

Start as usual: ''Parts'' and ''FPE''. The BR-271 is a good shell and the BR-271K upgrade can be ignored. Focus on all accuracy upgrades. Long-range duels and shots are a favourite past time of all tank destroyers. Additionally, it helps to hit the weak spots on enemy vehicles. After these, all performance upgrades like Engine or Suspension will come in handy to further improve the ZiS-30's excellent mobility.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* Excellent gun with good penetration, comparable to the Rank 3 tank [[T-34-57]]
* Has no issue penetrating anything at its rank
* Gun does good damage when it hits targets
* The shells have very fast speeds, making the gun easier to aim than normal, especially in RB or SB
* Sufficient agility and top speed
* Easy to conceal in vegetation (realistic & simulatory battles)
* Has a defensive machine gun for use against light SPAA
* Good horizontal traverse for the main gun
* Very good gun elevation

'''Cons:'''

* Paper armour, [[Browning M3 (12.7 mm)|HMG]]s are extremely dangerous
* Low HP ratio makes hill climbing difficult
* Wobbly handling, prone to accidental tipping during sharp turns
* Crew extremely prone to being injured (poor armour)
* Rocks violently upon vehicle stopping
* Low ammo capacity - only carries a total of 20 shells
* Planes do not need much effort to knock out the tank
* Poor gun depression, 4 degrees makes hilly combat difficult

== History ==


During the first weeks of Operation Barbarossa in 1941, the Soviet armoured forces suffered crushing losses at the hands of the well organised German army. As the number of Soviet armoured vehicles rapidly decreased, Soviet representatives searched for ways to compensate for the losses with easily produced vehicles. As a result, an order for the quick development of improvised self-propelled anti-tank guns was issued in July 1941 as a means of providing the Red Army cheap and easy-to-produce anti-tank weapons. The schedule was extremely tight, allowing only two weeks for development.

In response to this, the design bureau in No.92 Factory, led by P. F. Muravyev, developed a light anti-tank destroyer using the chassis of the Komsomolets tracked artillery tractor, propelled by a 4-cylinder GAZ-M automobile engine which produced 50 horsepower and top speeds of up to 47.5 km/h (29.5 mph). The process of refitting the vehicle was simple: the chassis and the hull remained unchanged, while the armament, the 57 mm ZiS-2 anti-tank gun, was simply mounted atop the vehicle. The crew consisted of four men, the commander/gunner, loader, driver and machine gunner manning the hull-mounted machine gun. The situation was so dire, that mass production was launched on September 21, 1941, and by October 15, 100 vehicles designated as the '''ZiS-30''' were produced, a mere three months after the order to develop the vehicle was given, making it perhaps one of the fastest designed vehicles in the world.

The vehicle featured a gun that was capable of destroying any German tank of the period at combat range. This was a very welcome trait and proved invaluable to the Soviet defences against the German Panzers. However, there were significant disadvantages to its makeshift design. The weight of the gun reduced the mobility of the vehicle and the size of the vehicle allowed only a very small ammunition supply of 20 rounds to be carried. Protection of the crew was nonexistent, as the vehicle had only a very thin amount of armour and the gun crew was protected only frontally by the gun shield. The vehicle was unstable due to its high profile, had a low operational range and the communication between the driver and the gun crew was very problematic. Only 101 ZiS-30’s were manufactured due to problems with the availability of both the gun and the chassis, both being urgently needed elsewhere. The ZiS-30 served until Summer 1942, being replaced by more specialised vehicles such as the [[SU-76M]] once the urgency for such vehicles disappeared.

=== In-game description ===
During the first battles of the Great Patriotic War, it became clear that a new tank destroyer had to be developed, capable of quickly relocating and fighting German tank units, whose mobility significantly exceeded that of the Red Army's tank units.
The vehicle was designed by factory No. 92's design bureau, and consisted of a turret-mounted 57 mm ZiS-2 anti-tank cannon with a 73 calibre barrel length placed on a T-20 Komsomolets armoured artillery tractor.

The SPG's production began on 21 September 1941. By the 15th of October, the factory had produced 101 ZiS-30 vehicles in total, which took part in conflicts at the culmination of the Battle of Moscow. In September-October 1941, all these vehicles went towards reinforcing anti-tank gun batteries (6 vehicles per battery) in tank brigade motorised infantry battalions.

The artillery system allowed it to fire at a rate of up to 25 shots per minute, while its targeted firing rate amounted to 15 shots per minute. It was fired only from a stationary position. The tank destroyer was stabilised when firing using folding bipods located in the rear of the vehicle's hull. A 7.62 mm DT machine gun was mounted on the tank for self-defence, installed in a rotating joint on the right in the hull's frontal plate. The SPG's crew consisted of 4 people.

Artillerymen liked these self-propelled guns because of their mobility, improved defences in comparison with the towed version, and the increased effectivity of the ZiS-2 cannon, which at times ripped straight through German tanks of that period. The ZiS-30's disadvantages included its low movement range and onboard ammunition capacity, the gun mount's large dimensions, the lack of communication between the driver and crew, the vehicle's instability, its overloaded chassis and its weak armour.
Practically all these SPGs were lost by the summer of 1942, either in battle or due to mechanical failures.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=ussr&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=tank_destroyer&vehicle=ussr_zis_30 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|2ZbYgBHTNIY|'''{{PAGENAME}} Tank Review''' - ''NUSensei''|sEiAPXMwIOk|'''{{PAGENAME}} Big Gun Tiny Tractor''' - ''ShareTheLight''|Wkm8QGFOcYE|'''How to deal with hull wobbling?''' - ''HowToPlay1337''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same gun

* [[LVT(A)(4) (ZiS-2) (China)]] - Chinese LVT variant equipped with the ZiS-2 cannon.
* [[LVT(A)(4) ZIS-2 (USA)]] - US Premium version of the Chinese LVT.

;Soviet vehicles equipped with a 57mm

* [[ASU-57]]
* [[SU-57B]]

;Vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[Marder III]]
* [[Marder III H]]
* [[Sd.Kfz.234/4]]
* [[SU-76M]]
* [[Archer]]
* [[Na-To]]
* [[90/53 M41M]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/3356/current|[Vehicle Profile] ZiS-30]]
* [[wikipedia:ZiS-30|[Wikipedia] ZiS-30]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/soviet/soviet_ZIS-30.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> ZiS-30 tank hunter]
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=371 <nowiki>[Military Factory]</nowiki> ZiS-30 tank destroyer]

{{USSR tank destroyers}}

T-70

2020-04-23T10:55:29Z

U91234167: /* Survivability and armour */ (Incomplete edit)

{{Specs-Card|code=ussr_t_70_1942}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_T-70.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before Update 1.41. The T-70 is a very good light tank for its rank location and should be taken seriously if seen on the battlefield.

The T-70 is an asymmetric vehicle with good mobility, average frontal sloped armour and the typical Rank 1 Soviet cannon: the [[20-К_(45_mm)|45 mm 20-K]]. It is manned by only 2 crew members, surrounded by two engines (right side), an ammo rack (left), transmission (front) and fuel tank (back).

This tank makes for a surprisingly good low-rank scout, and as an added bonus, can engage in front line combat when needed. The front armour is surprisingly strong and can bounce shots from several similarly low-rank opponents. The gun, while not the greatest, is very capable in combat.

The major drawbacks of this tank occur when it's engaged in urban combat, or against opponents with high penetration cannons. The side and rear armour is undeniably poor and combined with urban combat make it very easy to get flanked. This leads to the tank largest flaw, in that it only has two crew. One penetrating hit will usually be the tank's end.

Generally speaking in combat, stick to terrain with forests and hills. In these types of areas, the small stature of this tank can be used to hide it behind small hills, and use its gun ineffective ambush attacks.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
With 50mm and 35mm on the turret and hull, with the addition of being sloped, the turret can take quite a beating yet have no damage other than scratches. However, note that you only have 2 crew members, and if someone has a tank of higher BR, you're unlikely to survive more than 3 hits. As like most tanks, the weak spots are the side and back, but thanks to our engineers in Stalingrad, the armor is sloped making the chances of penetration lower.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 35 mm (62°) ''Front glacis'' 35 mm (33-71°) ''Driver's port'' 45 mm (31°) ''Lower glacis''|| 15 mm || 10 mm (70°) ''Top'' 25 mm (43°) ''Bottom'' || 10 mm
|-
| Turret || 50 mm (7-59°) || 35 mm (0-28°) ''Side turret'' 15 mm (Armour joints) || 35 mm (29°) || 15 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 10 mm thick while tracks are 15 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 217|rbMinHp= 124|}}45 kph forward is nothing impressive compared to the Byhokstrodny series, but it does help you get out of sticky situations and it makes enemies harder to aim at your weak points.

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|20-К (45 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[20-К (45 mm)|45 mm 20-K]]
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
! rowspan="1" | Stabilizer

|-
| colspan="3" | 90 || -6°/+20° || ±180° || N/A
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! style="width:4em" |Mode
! style="width:4em" |Stock
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || 3.60 || 4.90 || _.__ || _.__ || _.__
|-
| ''Realistic'' || 3.60 || 4.20 || _.__ || _.__ || _.__
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| 5.20 || _.__ || _.__ || _.__
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 90°'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| BR-240 || APHEBC ||69||68||59||50||42||35
|-
| BR-240SP || AP || 73 ||71||62||52||44||37
|-
| BR-240P || APCR || 103 || 94 || 64 || 40 || 21 || 17
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| BR-240 || APHEBC || 760 || 1.4 || 1.2 || 15 || 32.3 || +4° || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| BR-240SP || AP || 757 || 1.4 || N/A || N/A || N/A || -1° || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| BR-240P || APCR || 985 || 0.85 || N/A || N/A || N/A || +1.5° || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
|}

===== [[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] =====
[[File:Ammoracks_T-70.png|right|thumbnail|x250px|[[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] for the T-70.]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Full ammo
! class="wikitable unsortable" |1st rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Visual discrepancy
|-
|| '''90''' || 1 ''(+89)'' || style="text-align:left" | Yes
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|DT (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | [[DT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm DT]]
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Coaxial mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 945 (63) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in the battles ==

Unlike later tanks, the T-70 presents a strange configuration: motor and turret are sided by side, meaning that exposing the tank's back will not immobilize it. With its turret definitively leaning to the left, a smart player will prefer going around corners with the obstacle on the right side of the tank. This tactic has two effects: it decreases the size of the target for the enemy and protects the crew with the engine block, at the expense of being immobilized if shot from the right side. Try to avoid being shot to the left side since there is a big ammo rack on the whole left side of the vehicle.

;Mobility:

* With two car engines crammed together, this small tank is less than 10 tons with 254 HP - a quite decent HP/ton ratio. The suspension is very smooth, providing ''some'' ability to fire on the move, but also making it more difficult to quickly engage an enemy after stopping, as the vehicle will keep rocking back-and-forth until the suspension settles. This puts T-70 at a disadvantage in sudden one-on-one encounters, so rushing for the nearest piece of cover instead of stopping to take aim may be a better option, unless the enemy is unaware of the light tank.

;Armour:

* While the hull's shape is similar to late and post-war Soviet vehicles ([[T-54 (1947)|T-54 1947]], [[T-44]], etc.), it is shorter and not angled as much. Still, this armour configuration is efficient and makes the most out of this little amount of steel, meaning the tank can bounce some shots if angled properly. The lower frontal plate, while thicker, is not angled as much, but transmission prevents most shots from injuring the crew when penetrating. The frontal armour of the turret is a semi-circular 50 mm thick steel plate, which provides decent protection at long ranges (very bouncy). Thanks to its small profile, this tank's turret are nearly invincible when hulled-down at ranges since no gun is accurate enough at this BR to efficiently take down the light tank. Beware the thin side armour, however - most HMG's can penetrate it, and the ammo rack located on the left side makes the tank even more vulnerable, so make sure it's protected.

;Firepower:

* Any player familiar with low-rank tanks will be comfortable with the [[20-K (45 mm)|45 mm 20-K]] cannon. Some peculiarities to the T-70 is its good gun depression of -6° and slow turret traverse.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good frontal armour
* Relatively good gun with high penetration
* Good machine gun
* Compact size makes it a small target
* Thick gun mantlet

'''Cons:'''

* Only two crew members
* Slow reloading
* Very vulnerable from sides
* Very slow turret traverse (hand cranked)

== History ==

===Development===
In 1942, advances in armoured warfare caused light tanks in Soviet service to be considered inadequate in terms of protection, firepower, and mobility in comparison to the all-around [[T-34 (1941)|T-34]] medium tank. The only advantage the light tanks present was that small factories could produce these, unable to handle the machining process of the medium and heavy tanks in Soviet service. The two light tanks in service however, the [[T-50]] and the [[T-60]] were inadequate in terms of Soviet doctrine. The T-50 was complicated and expensive to produce, and the T-60 had poor cross-country mobility and a weak 20 mm autocannon.

The '''T-70''' light tank was designed to solve this issue, though it started with a glaring mechanical issue of having two engines, one for each track. The '''T-70M''', a redesigned version that is still called the "T-70", fixes this with one engine on the right side of the hull and normal transmission layout. The turret was also changed in the "M" designation to be easily welded and moved to the left of the hull to compensate for the engine on the right. In the end, it was a 9-ton tank with a 45 mm gun and only had two crew members.

However, at this point of the war, it is increasingly clear that the light tank and the role of an infantry tank were obsolete. The T-70 was also insufficient of coordinating an armoured unit due to the two crew members, forcing the commander in the turret to be a gunner, loader, and radio operator as well. An attempt to remedy this was the [[T-80]] light tank design, which was a stronger T-70 with a two-man turret, but was deemed unnecessary and all light tank production ceased in October 1943, with the remaining ones issued to artillery units or other rear-echelon duties.

===Combat usage===
Despite its inferiority, the T-70 had a few moments to shine. On July 6, 1943, Lt B.V. Pavlovich of the 49th Guards tank brigade engaged and destroyed four German medium tanks near Pokrovka village. On March 26, 1944, Sgt Alexander Pegov of the Third Guards tank army in a T-70 tank ambushed a [[Panther A|Panther tank]] in a range of 150 to 200 meters with APCR rounds, setting it on fire. He immobilized another a moment later. The Panthers blocked a vital road as they were immobilized, and Pegov was decorated as a Hero of the Soviet Union.

The T-70 was also used as the platform for the SU-76 Soviet tank destroyer, featuring a wider and longer chassis. The main production variant for this tank destroyer was the '''[[SU-76M]]'''. The T-70 was also used as a basis for an anti-aircraft platform called the T-90 SPAAG. This was cancelled in 1943 in favour of the [[ZSU-37]] however, which is a repurposed SU-76M chassis.

The T-70 served all the way to 1948 in Soviet inventory. Despite its inferior status, it was a valuable war commodity as it helped fill in roles when the T-34 couldn't be spared to do so. About 8,226 of this vehicle was produced during its production life of 1942 to 1943.

=== In-game description ===
This tank was adopted by the Red Army in 1942 as a replacement for the Т-60 and put into mass production in three factories at once. In comparison to the T-60, it had stronger armour, more powerful weaponry and a powertrain consisting of two sequentially paired six-cylinder petrol engines. The transmission and driving wheels were placed in the front of the tank. The hull was welded together from rolled armour plates, and the welds were strengthened with rivets. The frontal and rear hull plates were set at a sloping angle. The vehicle was equipped with a 45 mm Mod. 1938 tank cannon and a DT coaxial machine gun. It was not equipped with a radio set.

T-70 light tanks served jointly with T-34 tanks in tank brigades and mixed regiments. They underwent their trial by fire in June-July 1942, suffering significant losses. Their first battles revealed the weaknesses of the new light tanks in combat. Their weaponry was not powerful enough to go toe to toe with German medium tanks, and their armour was insufficient for the tanks to be used for direct infantry support. In addition, there were only two tankers in the crew, one of which was overloaded with numerous responsibilities, and the vehicles had no means of communication. All of this significantly weakened their value in the units they operated in and led to increased losses.

According to some tank commanders, the T-70 was ideally suited for chasing retreating enemies, a characteristic which became important in 1943. The T-70's powertrain and running gear were more reliable than those of the T-34. This allowed them to make long treks. The T-70 was a quiet vehicle, in stark contrast to the roaring engine and rumbling tracks of the T-34, which could be heard from up to 1.5 km away at night.

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article will be video guides, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== Read also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example,''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

''ETC.''

== Sources ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR light tanks}}

T-26-4

2020-04-20T03:51:15Z

U91234167: /* Survivability and armour */

{{Specs-Card|code=ussr_t_26_4}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_T-26-4.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{specs|name}}''' is a rank {{specs|rank}} Soviet light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.51 "Cold Steel"]]. It is a variant of the [[T-26]] with a 76 mm howitzer.

The T-26-4 is a rather unusual tank, combining average speed, thin armour and a large gun. It uses the same hull as [[T-26]] and an enlarged turret not dissimilar to the [[T-28]]'s main turret, able to mount the 76 mm KT-28 howitzer.

This tank and its gun can be roughly compared to its German peer, the [[Pz.IV C]], and its 7.5 cm KwK 37 L/24. However, it is vastly inferior to it in ALL terms.

The penetration is almost two times lower, and shell travel speed is by about 1/4 lower as well. Reloading also takes a bit more time. Armour wise, they are the same, but [[Pz.IV C|Pz. IV C]] has 30 mm of armour at the front. The German tank is also a lot faster, with the HP/ton ratio almost two times better. To complete the list, it also has a mere -5° of gun depression, compared to -10° of the Panzer. Lastly, [[Pz.IV C]] can also equip HEAT shells, to deal with better-armoured targets.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
15mm armor covers most of the visible parts of the tank, and that's paper even in BR 1.0, and with just 3 comrades and the low speed of the tank, chances of surviving for more than 10 minutes are low. However, if we account the Russian bias, then you're good to go, and use your 76mm APHEBC shell and try to destroy light and medium targets. Easily outmaneuvered by light tanks and outmatched by the Pz IV.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 15 mm (18°) ''Driver's plate'' 15 mm (1°) ''Front plate 7 mm (64-80°) ''Front glacis'' 15 mm (6-52°) ''Lower glacis|| 15 mm (0-1°)|| 15 mm (1-31°) ''Top'' 15 mm (11°) ''Bottom'' || 10 mm ''Hull'' 6 mm ''Rear''
|-
| Turret || 15 mm (0-3°) ''Turret front'' 15 mm (6-7°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 15 mm (0-1°) || 15 mm (1°) || 10 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheel is 10 mm thick while tracks are 15 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 6 mm thick

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 141|rbMinHp= 80|}}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|KT-28 (76 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[KT-28 (76 mm)|76 mm KT-28]]
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
! rowspan="1" | Stabilizer
|-
| colspan="3" | 50 || -5°/+21° || ±180° || N/A
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! style="width:4em" |Mode
! style="width:4em" |Stock
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || 9.5 || 13.2 || _._ || _._ || _._
|-
| ''Realistic'' || 9.5 || 11.2 || _._ || _._ || _._
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| 5.2 || _._ || _._ || _._
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 90°'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| SH-353 || Shrapnel || 27 || 25 || 21 || 19 || 16 || 12
|-
| BR-350A || APHEBC ||37||37||33||30|| 27 ||24
|-
| OF-350M || HE ||11||11||11||11||11||11
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| SH-353 || Shrapnel || 381 || 6.2 || 0.5 || 8.0 || 85 || +0° || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
| BR-350A || APHEBC || 370 || 6.3 || 0.15 || 10.0 || 155 || +4° || 48° || 63°|| 71°
|-
| OF-350M || HE || 387 || 6.2 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 710 || +0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

===== [[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] =====
[[File:Ammoracks_T-26-4.png|right|thumbnail|x250px|[[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] for the T-26-4.]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Full ammo
! class="wikitable unsortable" |1st rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |2nd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |3rd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |4th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Visual discrepancy
|-
|| '''50''' || 38 ''(+12)'' || 25 ''(+25)'' || 13 ''(+37)'' || 1 ''(+49)'' || style="text-align:left" | Yes
|-
|}

Turret empty: 25 ''(+25)''

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|DT (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | [[DT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm DT]]
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Coaxial mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 1,890 (63) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Rear mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 1,890 (63) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|}

== Usage in the battles ==

This tank should be used as either a close range ambusher/flanker or as a direct supporter of friendly vehicles. Use its speed to exploit other tank's weak side or rear armour to deal a crippling blow. Try to concentrate your fire on lightly armoured vehicles, to which your gun is deadly. It's dangerous to go alone, take friends, otherwise you risk an encounter with a tank that you won't be able to penetrate. Don't use HE shells on anything other than unarmoured vehicles, they are not as good as its calibre might suggest. Stay away from mass enemy groups, since your vehicle can be countered easily.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* Gun can easily kill any tank it meets with a single shot
* Manoeuvrability is quite good, although somewhat limited by its low top speed (30 kph)
* Decent reload speed and fast turret traverse speed

'''Cons:'''

* Mediocre accuracy, combined with one of the slowest shell travel speeds in the game
* Very thin armour, can't stop even the autocannon shells from AA vehicles
* Very bad gun depression
* Very low reverse speed
* Has very little chance of causing any harm at all to tougher tanks
* Most aeroplanes can pierce your armour rather easily

== History ==


The '''T-26-4''' light tank is a variant of the [[T-26]] light tank in Soviet services. Instead of mounting a 45 mm cannon as its main armament, the T-26-4 mounts the 76.2 mm KT tank gun and is intended to fill the role of an artillery tank. The turret looks similar to the [[T-28]] medium tank, if not the same.

The T-26-4 design was tested in October 1933 after five were built. It was in this test that the 76.2 mm KT cannon was chosen to arm it instead of the more powerful and innovative 76.2 mm PS-3 cannon. A production of 50 of these tanks was scheduled in 1935, but an incident on September 19, 1934, with a shell case destruction caused the military to cancel the T-26-4. The T-26-4 turret was then used on the [[BT-7|BT-7A]] light tank intended for the same role.

=== In-game description ===
"In 1940, the T-26 light tank was modernised for the last time. The vehicle's underturret box was equipped with homogenous armour with sloping plates and its thickness was increased to 15 mm. The frontal section of the turret was welded. A distinctive feature of the tank was the special defensive cover over its radiator grille. An extra DT machine gun was mounted on the turret's roof and was used as an anti-aircraft gun.

All these changes led to the T-26's mass exceeding 10 tonnes. In spite of its strengthened construction, its undercarriage was pushed to the limit. Often, particularly when turning, the tank started losing its tracks. Test results showed that the tank's armour did not meet modern requirements, and there was no weight allowance for increasing its armament. Other flaws in the tank's design included its low speed, poor weight distribution and low reliability.

However, the tank was easy to control, simple to service and did not require much effort in the field. Although the tank had an engine with horizontally placed cylinders, the tank's profile remained low, which made it harder to hit. Many technical solutions applied to the T-26 were used later on other tanks. When used correctly and in the hands of an experienced crew, the light tank could cause serious damage to the enemy forces. The T-26 made a significant contribution to routing the enemy at Moscow, and took part in practically all combat operations right up to 1944.

A significant number of these tanks, after being captured and modified in various ways, served in the German and Finnish armies. Some of them were used by Finland until the beginning of the 50s."

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article will be video guides, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== Read also ==

* [https://warthunder.com/en/devblog/current/797/ [Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> Pz-35t & T-26-4]

== Sources ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR light tanks}}

BT-7

2020-04-20T03:21:13Z

U91234167: /* Survivability and armour */

{{Specs-Card|code=ussr_bt_7_1937}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_BT-7.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{specs|name}}''' is a rank {{specs|rank}} Soviet light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before Update 1.41. Like the [[BT-5]], but with improved front armour, it is fast and has an adequate 45 mm cannon able to destroy opposing tanks.

The BT-7 is a fast tank with relatively thin armour. It can be useful to flank and hit the side armour of enemy tanks, taking advantage of it's very high top speed. The armour is very well angled at certain points, however being as thin as it is, don't count on it to protect you very well; your speed can be your best defense, so move fast and try to zig-zag a bit to make yourself a more difficult target for tanks farther away (not too much though, or you'll bleed off too much speed).

The BT-7 surprises with its Christie suspension. Closer to a race-car than a tank, this lightning on tracks is fun to drive, but not particularly easy. With its high top speed and lightweight, this tank will drift in turns. For maximum control in turns, reduce throttle beforehand and the only tip/nudge the turn-keys. It needs some time to get used to, however, it does prepare you for the T-34s break-turns.

Off-road behaviour is good and the aforementioned drifts aren't as extreme as on city-roads. Top speed is not really reduced as well, making the BT-7 one of the fastest early tanks due to its very wide tracks, something both the ''[[M2A4|Light tank M2]]'' and [[Pz.II C|Panzer II]] miss.

The crew compartment is very small and only inhabited by the driver, commander and another crew member. The latter has to perform the tasks of the gunner and radio-man."Not getting shot at" is the best advice for the crew to survive.

The BT-7 was the last of the BT series of Soviet cavalry tanks that were produced in large numbers between 1935 and 1940. They were lightly armoured, but reasonably well-armed for their time, and had much better mobility than other contemporary tank designs. The BT tanks were known by the nickname Betka from the acronym, or it's diminutive, Betushka.

The BT-7 Tank's successor would be the famous T-34 medium tank, introduced in 1940, which would replace all of the Soviet fast tanks, infantry tanks, and medium tanks then in service.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
With 20mm armor on the front and with all that inclination on the armor panels, the Soviet bias is with you. With 5mm less armor on the turret, that's the vulnerability of the tank, especially on the turret's backside, where the ammo is stored. However, you only get 3 comrades in the vehicle, making the tank vulnerable to any "crew knocked out" scenarios. But you have speed, and who needs armor if no one can hit you? 59 (It's very hard to reach 60)kph ensures any enemy SPG rookie unable to even hit close to you! Play some Russian Hardbass and you're good to go. No need to worry about armor ;)

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 15 mm (62°) ''Front glacis'' 20 mm (19°) ''Driver's hatch'' 20 mm (5-52°) ''Lower hull''|| 20 mm ''Front'' 15 mm ''Rear'' || 10 mm (55°) ''Top'' 13 mm (16-58°) ''Bottom'' || 10 mm
|-
| Turret || 15 mm (7-53°) ''Gun mantlet'' 15 mm (13-14°) ''Turret front'' || 15 mm (13°) ''Front'' 13 mm (10°) ''Rear'' || 13 mm (15°) || 10 mm
|}
'''Notes'''

* Tracks and suspension wheel are both 15 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 620|rbMinHp= 354|}}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|20-K (45 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[20-K (45 mm)|45 mm 20-K]]
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
! rowspan="1" | Stabilizer
|-
| colspan="3" | 188 || -6°/+25° || ±180° || N/A
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! style="width:4em" |Mode
! style="width:4em" |Stock
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || 9.50 || 13.20 || _.__ || _.__ || _.__
|-
| ''Realistic'' || 9.50 || 11.20 || _.__ || _.__ || _.__
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| 3.80 || _.__ || _.__ || _.__
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 90°'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| BR-240 || APHEBC ||70||68||59||50||42||35
|-
| BR-240SP || AP || 73 ||71||62||52||44||37
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| BR-240 || APHEBC || 760 || 1.43 || 1.2 || 9 || 29.26 || +4° || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| BR-240SP || AP || 757 || 1.43 || N/A || N/A || N/A || -1° || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
|}

===== [[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Full ammo
! class="wikitable unsortable" |1st rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |2nd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |3rd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |4th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |5th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |6th rack empty
!7th rack empty
!8th rack empty
!9th rack empty
!10th rack empty
!11th rack empty
!12th rack empty
!13th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Visual discrepancy
|-
|| '''188''' || 174 ''(+14)''|| 162 ''(+24)'' || 147 ''(+41)'' || 135 ''(+53)'' || 123 ''(+65)''|| 108 ''(+80)''||89 ''(+99)''|| 73 ''(+115)'' || 57 ''(+131)'' || 41 ''(+147)'' || 25 ''(+163)'' || 13 ''(+175)'' || 1 ''(+187)''|| style="text-align:center" | No
|-
|}
[[File:Ammoracks_BT-7.png|right|thumbnail|x250px|[[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] of the BT-7.]]
Turret empty: 147 ''(+41);'' Side racks empty: 89 (+99)

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|DT (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | [[DT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm DT]]
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Coaxial mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 1,890 (63) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in the battles ==

Best tactics are probably, however, to not charge right into the combat, but wait a while to see how the battle develops - observe where and how many enemy tanks go, maybe fire a few shots from the distance. Use your great mobility to get to the best positions. And then use its awesome speed to charge at lonely opponents, which at close range have no chance of keeping their guns pointed at you. Keep in mind that charging into more than 1 opponent is usually a quick end, as it is very hard to not get hit from either of them at the same time. There is basically paper armour on BT-7 to stop anything other than machine gun fire. Finally, try to avoid AA vehicles, as they will have no problem targeting and destroying you, even from the distance.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* Very fast and nimble
* Excellent offroad capability
* Powerful engine and wide tracks make the BT-7 a good climber
* Good cannon with a good rate of fire
* Often used as a rusher/scout in higher rank matches. It can get to capture points more quickly than most tanks

'''Cons:'''

* Exposed tracks and suspensions are prone to be damaged
* The whole tank is basically ammo rack and fuel tank on tracks
* Quite large and difficult to hide
* Difficult to drive with precision - can slew on turns and bounces a lot after braking.
* Very weak armour all around, more flat un-angled areas than BT-5
* Vulnerable to heavy machine gun fire

* Worse gun depression than BT-5 (below average now)
* Sometimes stalls on turns on soft terrain

== History ==

===Development===
The success of the [[BT-5|BT light tanks]] in Soviet service prompted additional upgrades and other developmental projects done on the design to increase its service life. The development led to the final model of the BT light tank series, the '''BT-7'''. The tank differed from the older BT-5 tank with a welded hull, redesigned hull front, and a new engine in the Model 1935 version. The '''Model 1937''' version of the BT-7 added a redesigned turret that featured sloping armour.

The tank initially had a canted-ellipse shaped turret mounting the main gun and coaxial machine guns with the focus of allowing the tank to mount different tanks without changing the whole design, which led to the development of two main kinds of BT-7s, the normal variant with a 45 mm 20K gun for anti-armour and a artillery variant called the ''BT-7A'' which mounted a 76.2 mm KT-26 howitzer for anti-infantry. The tank was redesigned before it entered production by using the BT-5 turret instead with the main gun and coaxial machine gun still attached, though the concept of swapping to different guns was still in development for the tank. A radio was also installed on the turret as well. The tank had a three-man crew, the commander/gunner and loader in the turret, and the driver in the front. Production started in 1935 but was redesigned in 1937 with a new conical turret that allowed more ammunition to be stored and a machine gun on the rear of the turret. The BT-7 mod. 1937 also had improvements on the drive wheels, gearbox, and tracks by 1938. The BT-7 went on to be produced from 1935 to 1940 for a total unit production of between 2,700 to 5,300 tanks.

===Combat usage===
The BT-7 served alongside its older counterpart BT-5 tanks. The BT light tanks were meant to be a cavalry tank, and at the time of their introduction, they were considered some of the finest tanks against other countries' tanks. They had great mobility of all available tanks, and it's 45 mm gun could perform very well in combat. The only drawbacks of the design were its light armour and its gasoline engine, which caused the design to be rather flammable to improvised incendiary weapons. The BT-7's most notable combat service came against the Japanese at Khalkhin Gol. The tactics of Soviet Marshal Georgi Zhukov and the performance of his BT-5 and BT-7 tanks led to a decisive victory. It was during this battle that the BT tanks tendency to catch fire was found, but its performance was positive against the inferior Japanese armoured forces.

The BT-7 next combat use was during the opening stages of Operation Barbarossa when Nazi Germany invades the Soviet Union. The superior German tanks [[Pz.III F|Panzer III]] and [[Pz.IV F1|Panzer IV]] was able to easily take out these lightly armoured tanks. Reports note that about 2,000 BT-7 tanks were lost in the first 12 months alone against the German forces, with hundreds broken down from low maintenance and were abandoned. Despite their inferiority, the Soviets continued to produce and field them among armour and mechanized units to boost their operational capacity, though most were kept away from the front lines due to their inadequacy. The BT-7 would finally see its service again in Soviet invasion of Japanese-controlled Manchuria. The Soviets fielded the BT-7 and other tanks in its inventory against the inferior Japanese forces in Manchuria, where it proved very effective against the more lightly armoured Japanese tanks employed. The BT series were all retired after the end of World War II due to their obsolete design as an inter-war period tank design.

===Legacy===
Perhaps the most important impact the BT light tanks series was that it kick-started the development of the [[T-34 (1940)|T-34]] medium tank, which would go on as the most produced tank of World War II. A new design team was formed in 1937 at the KhPZ factory, where they built prototypes utilizing the more armour and a heavier gun onto the design, which was called the ''A-32'' and was approved for production as the T-34 tank. The BT tanks also serve as the basis of support vehicles such as the ''BT-7A'' artillery tan, ''BT-7TU'' command tank, ''OP-7'' flamethrower tank, and even the ''TT-BT-7'' remote-controlled tank. An attempt in 1940 also had the BT-7 up-armoured with hinged homogeneous armour, which added five tons to the design weight. These vehicles are not known to have seen service in combat units.

=== In-game description ===
In the second half of 1937, the BT-7 tank was mass-produced with a conical turret, a three-speed gearbox and strengthened suspension. In comparison to the BT-7 Mod. 1935, the tank's weaponry became more powerful due to the inclusion of a DT machine gun in the turret. Its ammunition capacity was increased by 44 and totalled 188 rounds in the battle vehicles and 145 rounds in the command vehicles equipped with a radio set. Some of the tanks were equipped with an anti-aircraft gun.

The unit command vehicles were equipped with a 71-TK-1 radio set with a hand-rail antenna, and later with a rod antenna. To allow the vehicle to fire its cannon and coaxial machine gun at night, it was equipped with two special projector headlights. Over the course of its modernisation, the thickness of its frontal hull armour reached 22 mm. The turret's armour was also strengthened using vertically sloping armour plates. Its combat-loaded weight grew to 13,925 kg. Factory No. 183 alone manufactured 4,727 tanks of this series.

The BT-7 underwent its trial by fire in the Khalkhyn Gol river region as part of the 6th and 11th tank brigades. In the process, the latter undertook a hurried 500 km trek to the scene of the conflict. On the whole, the tanks gained a good reputation, but their drawbacks were noted as well: they were difficult to drive, which meant they required highly trained drivers, and they had insufficient armour and poor communication equipment. All these flaws were confirmed in the Poland Campaign of September 1939 and in the Winter War with Finland.

With appropriate tactics and a well-trained crew, the BT-7 could successfully oppose all types of German tanks at the beginning of the war, being inferior to them only in armour.
BT-7 tanks participated in combat operations on the Soviet-German front right up until 1944, and in 1945 they served in the war with Japan. A few captured tanks served in the Finnish army until the beginning of the 50s.

== Media ==
[http://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?q=%23bt7 Skins and camouflages for the BT-7 from live.warthunder]

== Read also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example,''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

''ETC.''

== Sources ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR light tanks}}

SU-5-1

2020-04-20T02:58:13Z

U91234167: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card|code=ussr_su_5_1}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.67 "Assault"]].

The SU-5-1 is a crude SPG built off the T-26 chassis. The T-26 chassis of the SU-5-1 allows it to place itself with relative ease on any spot of the map. The high gun shield can lure the enemy into firing too high, missing the crew. If a hit goes into the body, with a bit of luck, APHE ammo will not detonate on contact and instead go straight through, leaving little spalling damage. The vehicle's crew of 5 will allow some casualties before loss of efficiency.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
Given the 10mm and 5mm armor on the hull and turret plate respectively, this vehicle is a textbook example of a glass cannon. The T-26 chassis has mobility, and due to the top and back having no armor, stray artillery strikes can easily decimate the whole 5 crew members. Moreover, any flanking light tank poses a paramount threat to you, since a spray of their machine gun and your crew is dead. However, you have a 76mm gun armed with APHEBC, so a skilled marksman with this vehicle will pose a threat to any light or medium tank, easily one-shotting any of them at your BR.

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 128|rbMinHp= 80|}}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|1902/30 (76 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[1902/30 (76 mm)|76 mm 1902/30]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 8 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+60° || rowspan="2" | ±15° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 7.0 || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | 6.5 || rowspan="2" | _._ || rowspan="2" | _._ || rowspan="2" | 5.0
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 4.8 || __._ || __._ || __._ || 8.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| BR-350A (MD-5 fuze) || APHEBC || 87 || 85 || 76 || 67 || 59 || 52
|-
| BR-350SP || APBC || 102 || 100 || 91 || 81 || 72 || 64
|-
| OF-350M || HE || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10
|-
| Sh-354T || Shrapnel || 37 || 35 || 29 || 25 || 20 || 17
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! rowspan="2" | Normalisation at 30° from horizontal
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| BR-350A (MD-5 fuze) || APHEBC || 662 || 6.3 || 1.2 || 14.0 || 150 || +4.0° || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| BR-350SP || APBC || 655 || 6.78 || N/A || N/A || N/A || +4.0° || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| OF-350M || HE || 680 || 6.2 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 621 || +0.0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| Sh-354T || Shrapnel || 680 || 6.2 || 0.5 || 8.0 || 85 || +0.0° || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''8''' || 1 ''(+7)'' || No
|-
|}

==== [[Optics]] ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="3" | {{PAGENAME}} Optics
|-
!
! Default magnification
! Maximum magnification
|-
! Main Gun optics
| X1.9 || X3.5
|-
! Comparable optics
| colspan="2" | ___
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

This vehicle is the perfect (and only) SPG for Russian tech tree beginners: somewhat fragile, decently fast and a gun similar to what is found on higher ranks, it is a great trainer for later gameplay.

As an open-backed SPG, the SU-5-1 should never be seen by the enemy, especially if flanked. Since the gun's ballistics are somewhat tricky and the ammo count is limited, it is recommended to ambush enemies near capture points (preferably by your team's side). Aim carefully, regarding both the vertical and horizontal leading when attacking a moving target, although this is not recommended if the moving target is a heavy tank or is very fast, since that will make leading your heavy shells a hard task. With a capacity of 8 shells, you CANNOT afford to miss a shot

As a Tank Destroyer/SPG, you should bring supporting fire in the rear lines of the team, never at the front but not too far, repelling enemy assaults on the point. Find a spot with a good view near a capture point or bury yourself in a dark alley (if you have fast reflexes since if you miss the target might be aware and attack you) and wait to see the enemy fall into your sights. Do not forget to move to the nearest captured point after each 1-2 enemy down to reload since your ammo count is that low (sometimes you won't even have enough ammo to finish the second enemy, make sure to engage only if necessary in this case).

This role can be accomplished at any time in the game but it needs two things to be fulfilled: a ''captured objective'' nearby and a ''cooperative team''. The ''objective'' will be your ammo and target supply since when waiting on a captured point you get an ammo refill. Ammo will be refilled one by one at roughly the same rate as your vehicle can shoot (about a minute for full loadout in this case). A ''cooperative team'' will help holding the point, since you can't do it all by yourself since moving means putting yourself in high risk of being spotted in a wrong position. If your team looses the point, do not rush for it (if you're not out yet...) since the enemy team may follow behind the person capturing the point. Wait for your allies to help and '''stay hidden''', taking careful shots at well-chosen enemies. Remember to mobilize after firing a shot, since you pose a large threat in terms of firepower at that BR, and the light tanks will start hunting for you if you keep camping.

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Mobility
! Protection
! colspan="2" | Firepower
|-
| I
| Tracks
|
| Parts
| Horizontal Drive
|
|-
| II
| Suspension
| Brake System
| FPE
| Adjustment of Fire
| BR-350SP
|-
| III
| Filters
|
| Crew Replenishment
| Elevation Mechanism
|
|-
| IV
| Transmission
| Engine
|
|
|
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent penetration on stock rounds
* Decent reload (6.5s base)
* Good gun traverse angle.
* High crew count means it can afford to take a few shots, especially from tanks without HE filler or MG.
* Transmission in the front can absorb shots (i.e. in a sniper battle, it is the "ideal" spot to be shot).
* Good shell diversity (somewhat meaningless since it is recommended to fill it with APHE).

'''Cons:'''

* Extremely low ammo count (8 rounds)
* Exposed and cramped gun crew that can be destroyed with machine gun fire, or a HE shell somewhere in the rear.
* Rather tall profile due to gun placement.
* Poor gun depression of -2°.
* weak front armour (machine guns can penetrate this vehicle).
* Somewhat low shell speeds means it's hard to land a shot on a moving target.

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR tank destroyers}}

SU-5-1

2020-04-20T02:48:56Z

U91234167: /* Survivability and armour */

{{Specs-Card|code=ussr_su_5_1}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.67 "Assault"]].

The SU-5-1 is a crude SPG built off the T-26 chassis. The T-26 chassis of the SU-5-1 allows it to place itself with relative ease on any spot of the map. The high gun shield can lure the enemy into firing too high, missing the crew. If a hit goes into the body, with a bit of luck, APHE ammo will not detonate on contact and instead go straight through, leaving little spalling damage. The vehicle's crew of 5 will allow some casualties before loss of efficiency.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
Given the 10mm and 5mm armor on the hull and turret plate respectively, this vehicle is a textbook example of a glass cannon. The T-26 chassis has mobility, and due to the top and back having no armor, stray artillery strikes can easily decimate the whole 5 crew members. Moreover, any flanking light tank poses a paramount threat to you, since a spray of their machine gun and your crew is dead. However, you have a 76mm gun armed with APHEBC, so a skilled marksman with this vehicle will pose a threat to any light or medium tank, easily one-shotting any of them at your BR.

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 128|rbMinHp= 80|}}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|1902/30 (76 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[1902/30 (76 mm)|76 mm 1902/30]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 8 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+60° || rowspan="2" | ±15° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 7.0 || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | 6.5 || rowspan="2" | _._ || rowspan="2" | _._ || rowspan="2" | 5.0
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 4.8 || __._ || __._ || __._ || 8.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| BR-350A (MD-5 fuze) || APHEBC || 87 || 85 || 76 || 67 || 59 || 52
|-
| BR-350SP || APBC || 102 || 100 || 91 || 81 || 72 || 64
|-
| OF-350M || HE || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10
|-
| Sh-354T || Shrapnel || 37 || 35 || 29 || 25 || 20 || 17
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! rowspan="2" | Normalisation at 30° from horizontal
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| BR-350A (MD-5 fuze) || APHEBC || 662 || 6.3 || 1.2 || 14.0 || 150 || +4.0° || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| BR-350SP || APBC || 655 || 6.78 || N/A || N/A || N/A || +4.0° || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| OF-350M || HE || 680 || 6.2 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 621 || +0.0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| Sh-354T || Shrapnel || 680 || 6.2 || 0.5 || 8.0 || 85 || +0.0° || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''8''' || 1 ''(+7)'' || No
|-
|}

==== [[Optics]] ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="3" | {{PAGENAME}} Optics
|-
!
! Default magnification
! Maximum magnification
|-
! Main Gun optics
| X1.9 || X3.5
|-
! Comparable optics
| colspan="2" | ___
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

This vehicle is the perfect SPG for Russian tech tree beginners: somewhat fragile, relatively fast and a gun similar to what is found on higher ranks, it is a great trainer for later gameplay.

As an open-backed SPG, the SU-5-1 should never be seen by the enemy, especially if flanked. Since the gun's ballistics are somewhat tricky and the ammo count is limited, it is recommended to ambush enemies near capture points (preferably by your team's side).

As an '''ambusher''', bring supporting fire in the rear lines of the team, never at the front but not too far, repelling enemy assaults on the point. Find a spot with a good view near a capture point or bury yourself in a dark alley and wait to see the enemy fall into your sights. Do not forget to move to the nearest captured point after each 1-2 enemy down to reload since your ammo count is that low (sometimes you won't even have enough ammo to finish the second enemy, make sure to engage only if necessary in this case).

This role can be accomplished at any time in the game but it needs two things to be fulfilled: a ''captured objective'' nearby and a ''cooperative team''. The ''objective'' will be your ammo and target supply since when waiting on a captured point you get an ammo refill. Ammo will be refilled one by one at roughly the same rate as your vehicle can shoot (about a minute for full loadout in this case). A ''cooperative team'' will help holding the point, since you can't do it all by yourself since moving means putting yourself in high risk of being spotted in a wrong position. If your team looses the point, do not rush for it (if you're not out yet...) since the enemy team may follow behind the person capturing the point. Wait for your allies to help and '''stay hidden''', taking careful shots at well-chosen enemies.

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Mobility
! Protection
! colspan="2" | Firepower
|-
| I
| Tracks
|
| Parts
| Horizontal Drive
|
|-
| II
| Suspension
| Brake System
| FPE
| Adjustment of Fire
| BR-350SP
|-
| III
| Filters
|
| Crew Replenishment
| Elevation Mechanism
|
|-
| IV
| Transmission
| Engine
|
|
|
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent penetration on stock rounds
* Decent reload (6.5s base)
* Good gun traverse angle.
* High crew count means it can afford to take a few shots, especially from tanks without HE filler or MG.
* Transmission in the front can absorb shots (i.e. in a sniper battle, it is the "ideal" spot to be shot).
* Good shell diversity (somewhat meaningless since it is recommended to fill it with APHE).

'''Cons:'''

* Extremely low ammo count (8 rounds)
* Exposed and cramped gun crew that can be destroyed with machine gun fire, or a HE shell somewhere in the rear.
* Rather tall profile due to gun placement.
* Poor gun depression of -2°.
* weak front armour (machine guns can penetrate this vehicle).
* Somewhat low shell speeds means it's hard to land a shot on a moving target.

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR tank destroyers}}

SU-5-1

2020-04-20T02:47:15Z

U91234167: /* Survivability and armour */

{{Specs-Card|code=ussr_su_5_1}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.67 "Assault"]].

The SU-5-1 is a crude SPG built off the T-26 chassis. The T-26 chassis of the SU-5-1 allows it to place itself with relative ease on any spot of the map. The high gun shield can lure the enemy into firing too high, missing the crew. If a hit goes into the body, with a bit of luck, APHE ammo will not detonate on contact and instead go straight through, leaving little spalling damage. The vehicle's crew of 5 will allow some casualties before loss of efficiency.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
Given the 10mm and 5mm armor on the hull and turret plate respectively, this vehicle is a textbook example of a glass cannon. The T-26 chassis has mobility, and due to the top and back having no armor, stray artillery strikes can easily decimate the whole 5 crew members. Moreover, any flanking light tank poses a paramount threat to you, since a spray of their machine gun and your crew is dead. However, you have a 76mm gun armed with APHEBC, so that will pose a threat to any light or medium tank, easily one-shotting any of them at your BR.

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 128|rbMinHp= 80|}}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|1902/30 (76 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[1902/30 (76 mm)|76 mm 1902/30]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 8 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+60° || rowspan="2" | ±15° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 7.0 || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | 6.5 || rowspan="2" | _._ || rowspan="2" | _._ || rowspan="2" | 5.0
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 4.8 || __._ || __._ || __._ || 8.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| BR-350A (MD-5 fuze) || APHEBC || 87 || 85 || 76 || 67 || 59 || 52
|-
| BR-350SP || APBC || 102 || 100 || 91 || 81 || 72 || 64
|-
| OF-350M || HE || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10
|-
| Sh-354T || Shrapnel || 37 || 35 || 29 || 25 || 20 || 17
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! rowspan="2" | Normalisation at 30° from horizontal
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| BR-350A (MD-5 fuze) || APHEBC || 662 || 6.3 || 1.2 || 14.0 || 150 || +4.0° || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| BR-350SP || APBC || 655 || 6.78 || N/A || N/A || N/A || +4.0° || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| OF-350M || HE || 680 || 6.2 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 621 || +0.0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| Sh-354T || Shrapnel || 680 || 6.2 || 0.5 || 8.0 || 85 || +0.0° || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''8''' || 1 ''(+7)'' || No
|-
|}

==== [[Optics]] ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="3" | {{PAGENAME}} Optics
|-
!
! Default magnification
! Maximum magnification
|-
! Main Gun optics
| X1.9 || X3.5
|-
! Comparable optics
| colspan="2" | ___
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

This vehicle is the perfect SPG for Russian tech tree beginners: somewhat fragile, relatively fast and a gun similar to what is found on higher ranks, it is a great trainer for later gameplay.

As an open-backed SPG, the SU-5-1 should never be seen by the enemy, especially if flanked. Since the gun's ballistics are somewhat tricky and the ammo count is limited, it is recommended to ambush enemies near capture points (preferably by your team's side).

As an '''ambusher''', bring supporting fire in the rear lines of the team, never at the front but not too far, repelling enemy assaults on the point. Find a spot with a good view near a capture point or bury yourself in a dark alley and wait to see the enemy fall into your sights. Do not forget to move to the nearest captured point after each 1-2 enemy down to reload since your ammo count is that low (sometimes you won't even have enough ammo to finish the second enemy, make sure to engage only if necessary in this case).

This role can be accomplished at any time in the game but it needs two things to be fulfilled: a ''captured objective'' nearby and a ''cooperative team''. The ''objective'' will be your ammo and target supply since when waiting on a captured point you get an ammo refill. Ammo will be refilled one by one at roughly the same rate as your vehicle can shoot (about a minute for full loadout in this case). A ''cooperative team'' will help holding the point, since you can't do it all by yourself since moving means putting yourself in high risk of being spotted in a wrong position. If your team looses the point, do not rush for it (if you're not out yet...) since the enemy team may follow behind the person capturing the point. Wait for your allies to help and '''stay hidden''', taking careful shots at well-chosen enemies.

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Mobility
! Protection
! colspan="2" | Firepower
|-
| I
| Tracks
|
| Parts
| Horizontal Drive
|
|-
| II
| Suspension
| Brake System
| FPE
| Adjustment of Fire
| BR-350SP
|-
| III
| Filters
|
| Crew Replenishment
| Elevation Mechanism
|
|-
| IV
| Transmission
| Engine
|
|
|
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent penetration on stock rounds
* Decent reload (6.5s base)
* Good gun traverse angle.
* High crew count means it can afford to take a few shots, especially from tanks without HE filler or MG.
* Transmission in the front can absorb shots (i.e. in a sniper battle, it is the "ideal" spot to be shot).
* Good shell diversity (somewhat meaningless since it is recommended to fill it with APHE).

'''Cons:'''

* Extremely low ammo count (8 rounds)
* Exposed and cramped gun crew that can be destroyed with machine gun fire, or a HE shell somewhere in the rear.
* Rather tall profile due to gun placement.
* Poor gun depression of -2°.
* weak front armour (machine guns can penetrate this vehicle).
* Somewhat low shell speeds means it's hard to land a shot on a moving target.

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR tank destroyers}}