War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

Vilkas

2024-06-08T19:47:37Z

U88944220: Description "The Boxer Vilkas" to "The Boxer"

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_vilkas
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=id50248_vilkas_germany
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is an armoured fighting vehicle used by Lithuania, which was developed in collaboration with ARTEC GmbH. The vehicle's roots trace back to the German-Dutch "Boxer AFV" program, showcasing a joint effort by European nations to enhance their armoured capabilities. The Vilkas variant, specifically tailored for Lithuania, integrates advanced technologies and offers versatility in combat scenarios. Entering service in the Lithuanian Armed Forces in 2019, the Vilkas deployment represents Lithuania's strategic investment in a contemporary armoured platform, capable of meeting the challenges of modern warfare.

The '''''Vilkas''''' is an event gift German light tank introduced during [[Update "Air Superiority"]] as a reward for the [[wt:en/news/8644-event-winter-extreme-earn-yourself-rewards-this-festive-season-en|2023 Winter Extreme event]]. The Vilkas is a unique light tank choice for German top-tier players, providing fire-and-forget Spike missiles for use against tanks at longer ranges or against nearby helicopters. As such, the Vilkas presents a new playstyle to players of the German ground tree, allowing them to rush to a good position using mobility, and play as a "sniper" with decent firepower and long-range missile, or perhaps play the vehicle more aggressively and use the Spike missiles for dispatching helicopters and long-range targets of opportunity when needed. All in all, the Vilkas is a uniquely interesting vehicle to bolster the top lineups of the German tech tree.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

Despite its composite screens covering the entire hull, the Vilkas does not offer particularly robust protection. While it can withstand high-calibre machine gun fire from the frontal aspect at all ranges, its sides and rear lack adequate armour coverage. Nevertheless, its armour proves invaluable in mitigating fragmentation damage from artillery strikes and rockets, setting it apart from other lightly armoured vehicles at its battle rating. One of the Vilkas's standout features is its spacious interior, which enhances survivability by reducing the likelihood of an instant kill from a singular hit. Additionally, the unmanned turret significantly bolsters its protection capabilities, allowing operators to engage targets without fear of immediate destruction. Even in the event of detonation of the cannon belts or Spike missile launchers, the platform remains resilient, further increasing survivability and sustaining operational effectiveness on the battlefield.

'''Armour type:'''

*Rolled homogeneous armour (Most of the hull structure)
*High hardness homogeneous armour (Turret, Lower glacis, Hull front roof, Parts of hull sides)
*Composite screen (Additional armour on hull sides and rear)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 15 mm + 6-15 mm (73-80°) ''Upper Glacis'' 15 mm (53-65°) ''Lower Glacis'' || 15 mm + 38 mm (4-12°) ''Top'' 15 mm + 6-8 mm (0-33°) ''Bottom'' || 15 mm + 38 mm (0-7°) || 15 mm + 15 mm
|-
| Turret || 8 mm (45-52°) ''Turret front'' 38 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 8 mm (16-35°) || 8 mm (0-30°) || 8 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

*Wheels and suspension - 10 mm (Chassis)
*Gun mount - 38 mm (Cast homogeneous armour)

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

The Vilkas boasts a commendable power-to-weight ratio of 24.7, endowing it with remarkable speed and agility despite its considerable size and profile. Its off-road capabilities and superb top speed contribute to its versatility on the battlefield, allowing for swift manoeuvres and rapid responses to changing tactical situations. Additionally, the Vilkas maintains a decent reverse speed, further enhancing its mobility and operational effectiveness in dynamic environments.

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,263|rbMinHp=721}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 (30 mm)}}

The Vilkas is equipped with the formidable Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 30 mm automatic cannon. While it may lack efficacy against heavily armoured vehicles in head-on combat engagements, its versatility shines in various tactical roles. Primarily, the Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 proves particularly effective for flanking manoeuvres and short-range anti-aircraft defense against approaching helicopters or slow and low-flying enemy jets. Its rapid rate of fire and powerful ammunition make it a formidable deterrent against aerial threats, providing critical support to ground forces. Moreover, when deployed within a group, the Vilkas becomes invaluable for targeting and neutralizing critical components of enemy vehicles, such as tracks or cannon barrels. Additionally, the Vilkas's Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 is recommended for continuous use of the APFSDS belt, even when engaging aircraft or lightly armoured vehicles.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 (30 mm)|30 mm Bushmaster 2 Mk.44]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 600 (200) || rowspan="2" | 200 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+60° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 54.5 || 75.5 || 91.7 || 101.4 || 107.9 || rowspan="2" | 0.26 || rowspan="2" | 0.23 || rowspan="2" | 0.21 || rowspan="2" | 0.20
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 34.1 || 40.1 || 48.7 || 53.9 || 57.3
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 (30 mm)/Ammunition|APDS, HEI-T, APFSDS}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''3''' || 2 ''(+1)'' || 1 ''(+2)'' || 0 ''(+3)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Note:'''

* If turret ammunition storage is hit, the magazine will be lost and a new one will be reloaded.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Spike-LR2MR}}

The Vilkas comes equipped with the Spike-LR2MR IR fire-and-forget missiles, offering a potent but somewhat unpredictable anti-tank capability. These missiles show variable reliability, dependent on factors such as target speed, launch angle, distance, and carrier velocity. While they hold promise as stand-off weapons effective against heavily armoured targets, their performance can be inconsistent. Despite their small warhead, successful penetration can result in significant damage to enemy tanks. The missile launcher's positioning allows for No Line-of-Sight launches, contingent upon various factors and the target's level of exposure. However, their effectiveness diminishes at distances shorter than 400 metres. Moreover, their capacity for top-down attacks may encounter limitations, particularly against combat vehicles with additional roof protection, such as Russian tanks with ERA or heavily armoured tanks like the Strv 122 or Leopard 2A7 featuring NERA components.

In essence, the Spike-LR2MR's effectiveness hinges largely on chance, making its deployment a calculated risk on the battlefield. Commanders must weigh the situational factors carefully when employing these missiles, recognizing both their potential and limitations in engaging enemy armour.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Spike-LR2MR]] missile || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Capacity (Belt) !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
| 4 (2) || - || - || - || 13.00 || 11.50 || 10.60 || 10.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Spike-LR2MR/Ammunition|Spike-LR2}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''2''' || 1 ''(+1)'' || 0 ''(+2)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|MG3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm MG3A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 4,000 (200) || 1,200 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The Vilkas is best played at medium range in a hull-down scenario, to use the Spike missiles and the cannon. In Realistic Battles, it is best to remain at a range (ideally further than 500 m) to use the Spike missiles efficiently, as they need at least 300 m distance to not overshoot the target. However, the 25 mm APFSDS is largely ineffective at range against heavily armoured targets unless shooting sides at a flatter angle. At closer ranges, it is easier to damage cannon barrels and tracks, but depending on the distance, the Spike missiles may be infeasible or unusable. Thus, playing at medium ranges is the best option for the Vilkas. Remaining behind cover allows the crew to be safe from all kinetic munitions, but still vulnerable to overpressure damage from explosive munitions. In addition, if the turret's ammunition is destroyed, a fire can occur. If this occurs, the Vilkas' position is easily given away by a large ammo cook-off and should be repositioned as soon as possible, ideally to a friendly capture point to re-arm. Rearming one 200-round 25 mm magazine at a capture point takes less than a minute. The excellent power-to-weight ratio of the Vilkas enables quick movements and rotations, especially in uneven environments. In addition, the commander's thermal sight permits the acquisition and firing of the Spike missiles while mostly concealed behind cover. However, due to the lacklustre payload inside the Spike missiles, multiple missiles may be required to destroy a tank.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Optics with thermal sensors for both the gunner and commander
* IR tracking system and ballistic computer for aerial targets
* Unmanned turret
* High power-to-weight ratio enables superior mobility
* Great maximum speed
* Blowout panels

'''Cons:'''

* Unreliable Spike missiles
* Inconsistent damage from the Bushmaster cannon
* Tall profile
* Only three belts of ammunition with easily targetable turret storage
* Large steering circle
* Mediocre reverse speed for a wheeled armoured vehicle
* Low ATGM count

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8640/current|[Devblog] Winter Extreme: Boxer Vilkas]]

{{Germany light tanks}}
[[Category:ATGM vehicles]]
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

M1 Abrams

2024-03-08T20:50:33Z

U88944220: /* Usage in battles */

{{About
| about= American medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1= other versions
| link-1= M1 Abrams (Family)
| usage-2= other uses
| link-2= M1 (Disambiguation)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=us_m1_abrams
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png|ArtImage2_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

Following the cancellation of the [[MBT-70]] and [[XM-803]], the US Army continued their search for the next main battle tank to replace their [[M60 (Family)|M60s]]. With a goal of producing a top-rate main battle tank under a fixed price limit, both [[XM-1 (GM)|General Motors]] and [[XM-1 (Chrysler)|Chrysler]] competed for the optimal design the US Army will choose. In November 1976, the Chrysler model was chosen for the XM-1 contract, and was accepted for service in 1981 as the M1 Abrams tank. The basis of the new main battle tank for the US Army, 2,374 units of the M1 Abrams would be produced. Accepted under constrained budgets, the now standardized M1 Abrams would go on to feature multiple improvement programs, such as the [[M1A1 Abrams|introduction of a 120 mm gun]], as well as constant [[IPM1|refurbishments]] to keep the tank up to date.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''', or just '''{{Specs|pseudonym}}''', was introduced in [[Update 1.77 "Advancing Storm"]]. The start of a new common vehicle for the rest of the American tech tree, the first M1 Abrams gives players a good taste of the gameplay expected from the platform. The turbine engine gives the vehicle great speed and acceleration that players could use to get to position or perform hit-and-run on their targets. The armour, an improvement over its predecessors, can provide substantial kinetic energy protection, but excels in chemical energy protection against HEAT tank shells. The one area that the M1 Abrams is not too different is the firepower, using the same 105 mm gun and its shells from the [[M60A3_TTS|latest M60 variants]]. However, the improved armour and mobility can allow players to better use the 105 mm gun by getting around to where enemies least expect the Abrams to be for the 105 mm to do the most damages against their weak points.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


The armour is decent, with the LFP being able to stop rounds such as 3BM22, 3BM15, 3BM9, offering about 430 mm of kinetic protection against these three rounds. It can also stop the 105 mm DM23 and 120 mm L23 rounds. The Abrams has around 410/415 mm of protection against these rounds. The lower front plate is nigh impenetrable to nearly all HEATFS shells and ATGMs. The UFP is decent as well: it can ricochet shots right into the huge turret ring, so when playing, keep it in mind. The turret fares much better against these shots. It offers 440 mm of protection, being able to stop these rounds.

When uptiered, you will face 120 mm 3BM42, M829, DM23 and DM33 rounds: they will shred through your armour like paper. Even then, your armour might ricochet when moving and save you when retreating.

The gun mantlet is also huge and all APFSDS and HEATFS rounds can go trough (though this is a weak spot all vehicles have). Like most western MBTs, survivability is good, with the crew being far apart from each other as well as wet ammo stowage.

'''Armour type:'''

* Composite armour (hull, turret)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 19-38.1 mm (82-83°) ''Front glacis'' 32*+101* mm (40°) ''Lower glacis'' 25.4-38.1 mm (82°) ''Belly glacis'' || 25.4+65** ''Front tip'' 30+30+65** mm ''Front half'' 12.7 mm ''Rear half - Top'' 27.6+6.35 mm ''Rear half - Bottom'' 28.4+6.35 mm ''Rear tip'' || 31.75 mm (5-37°) 12.7 mm (53-54°) || 31.75 mm 5 mm ''Engine grille''
|-
| Turret || 38*+101* mm (21-30°) 38*+18* mm (30-36°) ''Gun mantlet'' 25.4 mm (74-82°) ''Turret underside'' || 19*+101* mm (30°) ''Crew compartment'' 6*+13* (30°) ''Ammo rack bustle'' || 12.7 mm (43-48°) 25.4 mm (80-83°) ''Turret underside'' || 38.1 mm ''Front'' 25.4 mm ''Rear'' 12.7 mm ''Panels''
|-
| Cupola || colspan="3" style="text-align:center" | 25.4 mm (conical) || 25.4 mm (conical) ''Outer ring'' 25.4 mm ''Centre''
|-
|}
<nowiki>*</nowiki> RHA plates part of composite armour <nowiki>**</nowiki> Composite screens

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Composite armour !! Frontal effective protection !! Sides
|-
| Hull || '''Lower glacis:''' 380 mm ''Kinetic'' / 600 mm ''Chemical'' || N/A
|-
| Turret || '''Turret front:''' ''Angles ±0°:'' 400 mm ''Kinetic'' / 650 mm ''Chemical'' ''Angles ±25°:'' 380 mm ''Kinetic'' / 600 mm ''Chemical'' '''Gun mantlet:''' 240 mm ''Kinetic'' / 450 mm ''Chemical'' || '''31.75 mm sections:''' 160 mm ''Kinetic'' / 400 mm ''Chemical'' '''12.7 mm sections:''' 80 mm ''Kinetic'' / 400 mm ''Chemical''
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick while tracks are 30 mm thick.
* Turret ring is 50.8 + 50.8 mm thick.
* 19 mm RHA plates are positioned behind the front fuel tanks.
* 19 mm RHA plates surround the turret rear ammo racks.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


Overall mobility is superb, even without mobility modifications researched it can still outaccelerate most contemporary vehicles. Hull traverse is however poor, with it becoming only decent when all mobility modifications researched. The M1 Abrams is a fairly quick main battle tank. It accelerates quickly, and will hold a speed of 52 km/h (32 mph) over rough terrain. On city maps or paved surfaces, an M1 Abrams can easily reach its top speed of 72 km/h (45 mph), thanks to its monstrously powerful turbine engine. With three speeds in reverse, it is also capable of an impressive 40 km/h (25 mph) to back away from troublesome situations. As powerful as the motor may be, the M1 Abrams has a slow to respond, and relatively slow traverse rate for its neutral steering. In some circumstances, it may be more beneficial to back away before turning around, as waiting for the neutral steering to turn 180 degrees is lengthy.

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=2,058|rbMinHp=1,343}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M68A1 (105 mm)}}

The gun performance is adequate. While the shells are good against angles, they can penetrate weak spots and the sides of enemy vehicles with ease. At long ranges the gun can struggle, especially against enemies in a hull down position. Most Soviet/Russian MBTs in a hull down position only have the following weak spots: the gun mantlet and the driver hatch window, located just below the gun. The M1 Abrams also suffers from a raised engine deck. As such, its capacity for "over the shoulder" shots and shots directly over the rear is very limited, because the engine deck prevents the lowering of the cannon.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M68A1 (105 mm)|105 mm M68A1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 55 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 38.1 || 52.7 || 64.0 || 70.8 || 75.3 || rowspan="2" | 6.50 || rowspan="2" | 5.75 || rowspan="2" | 5.30 || rowspan="2" | 5.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 23.8 || 28.0 || 34.0 || 37.6 || 40.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:M68A1 (105 mm)/Ammunition|M456A2, M393A2, M735, M416, M774}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_M1_KVT.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''55''' || 48 ''(+7)'' || 45 ''(+10)'' || 23 ''(+32)'' || 1 ''(+54)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Blowout rack only: 45 ''(+10)'' shells.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|4}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M240 (7.62 mm)}}

With three machine guns (two light 7.62 mm and one heavy 12.7 mm), the Abrams is well equipped at dealing with helicopters and lightly armoured SPAA.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Commander's cupola || 1,000 (200) || 577 || -9°/+65° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M240 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M240]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Loader's cupola || 1,400 (200) || 941 || -9°/+65° || -77°/+135°
|-
| Coaxial || 10,000 (200) || 941 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

Its armour, whilst reliable in downtiers and when facing tanks of the same BR, should not be relied on when uptiered. Many tanks will destroy you. But when downtiered, your armour will protect you 70-75% of the time. Many rounds at this BR and below have a hard time facing you and even penetrating you in the LFP even.

M774 is the preferred round in the M1 Abrams; it has significantly better angled penetration, an improved ballistic coefficient and reduced chance to bounce at high angle impacts. The HESH round is still useful for engaging light vehicles and helicopters; the smoke round is not very valuable thanks to the Abrams having a built-in smoke generator and smoke grenades, but it might be helpful to take one or two.

The Abrams' main strength is its extreme mobility, even by MBT standards, and the very good ballistics of the APFSDS rounds. The armour is not sufficient and will only really stop ATGMs and HEATFS rounds. But when facing tanks at this BR and below, enemies have a hard time penetrating your frontal arc.

Additionally, The M1 has somewhat sub-par penetration even with its best shell. Because of these factors, it is recommended that you do not use this tank as a frontline brawler. Instead, use your speed to quickly appear from angles your opponents are not expecting you to come from. This can take the form of flanking in order to get side shots, Rushing at the start of the game to take an advantageous position, or getting to choke points before the enemy does, in order to be ready to knock them out. Essentially, This tank should be played much like the M18 Hellcat, though unlike the Hellcat your armour can still help you occasionally when uptiered.

When downtiered, this should be played as a balanced tank, with armour and speed, only really lacking firepower.

A useful thing to note when playing the Abrams, and most MBTs in general, is that if your opponent shows any side armour, you can penetrate them almost every time. if someone is coming towards you even at a slight angle, aim for the front drive wheel on their tracks. Your shell will be able to penetrate into the tank and likely knock them out with a single shot. It is recommended to use APFSDS as the main loadout, as the HEATFS ammunition starts coming against tanks with armour types specifically designed to resist it.

In terms of threats:

* [[Type 90]] and [[AMX-40]], as their incredibly powerful shots can penetrate you anywhere, at any angle, at almost any distance. For the Type 90, aim for the turret ring, and for the AMX-40, aim for the LFP.
* The T-80B, because of its strong armament and strong armour; it can be penetrated through its lower front plate, the drivers viewport below the gun, and just to the side or below the gun; if a T80B shows any of its side, you can penetrate it there

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* LFP and turret face can easily stop 3BM22, DM23 (105 mm) and L23.
* Good chemical protection due to composite armour, especially on the turret
* Internal armour plating increases crew survivability
* Very good mobility for its weight
* Great forward and reverse speed
* Very good acceleration
* Turns very fast, even in neutral steering
* Very accurate and fast-firing main gun
* Blowout panels protect the crew from ammo rack detonation
* Although composite armour is absent on the upper glacis plate, the extreme sloping makes shells bounce every time

'''Cons:'''

* Large target
* The three shells under the gun do NOT have blowout panels, if detonated you will die
* No composite armour on the upper glacis plate and in the rear of the turret, so remaining on level terrain is priority
* The turret ring is a massive and easily penetrated weak spot
* The armour's high chemical resistance is not relevant against contemporary enemies usually equipped with APFSDS
* Losing some crew members will prevent you from firing some of your smoke grenades
* Low APFSDS penetration
* Inadequate stock ammo loadout: both the M735 and M456 shells are no longer effective at this BR
* NVD/TVD are a tier III modification
* M774 is a tier IV modification and it is still a fairly weak round for this BR
* Like most Western Tanks, the engine deck of the Abrams is slightly raised, meaning that you will not be able to depress the gun over the rear of the tank.

== History ==

Once the unsuccessful joint German-American MBT-70 project had been shut down in 1971, the Congress redistributed funds to the further development of the XM815 project, later known as the XM1 Abrams. The development of the XM1 Abrams was a competition between two designs of the Chrysler and General Motors companies, respectively. Early July 1973 marks an important date for the project after representatives of both companies travelled to Great Britain to witness the development of the new composite armour, named Burlington. Impressed by what they saw, both companies decided to reevaluate and optimize their designs' armour layout to increase its effectiveness, with General Motors changing the front shape of the turret to a sloped surface, whilst Chrysler retained its vertical design. By 1976, the XM1 prototypes were being readied for testing, with the finishing touch being the installation of the M68 cannon.. Testing of both prototypes took place in the presence of the new German Leopard 2 tank, which was shipped to the U.S. for comparison purposes. Once testing was concluded and the results evaluated, the turbine-powered Chrysler design was proclaimed the winner of the competition and thus the Chrysler design would soon enter production as the M1 Abrams.
[[File:M1 Abrams REFORGER 82 - National Archives 6505991.jpeg|x200px|right|none|thumb|An M1 Abrams during Exercise Reforger 82 "Carbine Fortress"]]

The M1 entered production in 1979, with the first production version M1 leaving the factory floor in February 1980. Production of the M1 continued until 1985, with an improved M1IP version being produced briefly between 1984 -1986. By 1985, several thousands of M1s had already been manufactured and put into service. In August 1985 however, the M1 was outfitted with the license-built version of the Rheinmetall 120 mm gun, as found on the Leopard 2 tank and subsequently entered production as the M1A1 Abrams. Following this modification, earlier M1 units would progressively be upgraded to M1A1 standard, but this is a story for another devblog in the future. The M1 Abrams saw the most active service with US forces primarily in operations in the Middle East, but known operators also include Australia, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Egypt and others. Nonetheless, the American M1 Abrams is one of the most successful and widely fielded modern-day MBTs in use anywhere in the world, and rightfully deserves its iconic status alongside other American legends such as the M4 Sherman and M60 Patton, to name but a few. The fact that the M1 Abrams is still being manufactured and used today, almost four decades after its introduction, serves as a testimony to that statement.

''- From [[wt:en/news/5355-development-m1-abrams-the-desert-warrior-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=us_m1_abrams Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|Q6sYNcaVVO0|'''The Shooting Range #88''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:32 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|P6SfZC-n-U4|'''Т-64B vs {{PAGENAME}}''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|t3mqsI10beU|'''How to destroy the {{PAGENAME}}''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|WA3jQgZLjAg|'''The Shooting Range #94''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:33 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|CJ9sCL1BGy4|'''{{PAGENAME}} vs T-72A vs T-80B''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5355-development-m1-abrams-the-desert-warrior-en|[Devblog] M1 Abrams: The Desert Warrior]]

{{TankManufacturer Chrysler Defense}}
{{USA medium tanks}}

Type 99

2024-03-08T20:42:06Z

U88944220: /* Machine guns */

{{About
| about = Japanese tank destroyer '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = Type 99 (Disambiguation)
}}

{{Specs-Card
|code=jp_type_99
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''Type 99 155 mm {{Annotation|SPH|Self Propelled Howitzer}}''' (99式自走155mmりゅう弾砲) is currently one of the 155 mm howitzers in JGSDF service as the direct replacement of the obsolete, shorter-barreled [[Type 75 SPH|Type 75 155 mm SPH]]. The JGSDF had already planned for a replacement of the Type 75 SPH as early as 1985; development began in 1987, with {{Annotation|MHI|Mitsubishi Heavy Industries}} responsible for the extended hull based on the chassis of what would become the [[Type 89 IFV]], while {{Annotation|JSW|Japan Steel Works}} developed the weapon systems with a domestic 155 mm L/52 howitzer. The new SPH was ready for trials in 1996, and tests were conducted in 1998, with the first four SPH units delivered to the training corps. However, due to the high unit price, the complete replacement of all Type 75 SPHs will be fulfilled by the Type 99 SPH alongside a new, wheeled Type 19 155 mm SPH.

Introduced in [[Update "Air Superiority"]] as the second SPH of JGSDF, the Type 99 is equipped with a Japanese NATO standard 155 mm howitzer and shares similar shells, but due to the increased length, it offers a whopping 940 m/s shell velocity. The new gun system retains the relatively fast gun traverse speed and new autoloader for faster reload; meanwhile, tank crews have to beware of the rather underpowered engine and huge size; enemy commanders can easily spot this long-nosed "lying Pinocchio" from afar.

;Nicknames

* JGSDF Abbreviation: 99HSP / SP - (Howitzer) Self-Propelled
* Public nickname: {{Annotation|ロングノーズ|Rongu Nōzu}} - Lit. "Long Nose"

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

Instead of opting for NATO SPHs, the JGSDF initiated plans to develop a domestic SPH, resulting in the creation of the Type 99. The most distinctive feature of the Type 99 is its notably long 155 mm L/52 howitzer, contrasting with the short chassis based on the Type 89 IFV. This characteristic earned it the nickname "Long Nose." However, this length poses a challenge as it makes the Type 99 easily identifiable on the battlefield. With an overall length, including the barrel, measuring 11.3 m, it cannot move unnoticed unless enemies are overly focused on a specific area. The overall protection comprises 20 mm RHA plates for both the chassis and turret. This means that any .50 calibre heavy machine gun won't struggle to target the crews within 300 m, let alone autocannons at even longer ranges. Taking cover and staying behind the frontline is advisable to prolong its survival. Extra caution is needed to conceal the rear of the turret, as the last thing commanders want is to witness the detonation of the 30 shells and charges located directly behind it, creating a significant explosion.

Equipped with a mechanized loader, the Type 99 operates with a smaller crew than NATO/Warsaw Pact SPHs, numbering only four individuals. While the SPH is rather spacious, the driver and assistant loader are rather spread out while the gunner and commander are squeezed together, making for an easy collateral. This crew composition will usually result in needing at least two well-placed AP shots frontally, or one side-on hitting all three turret crew in a single shot. Other possibilities of one-shots are by overpressure, a sensitive APHE fused shell into the turret or the ammo rack.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 20 mm UFP (80°)
20 mm LFP
| 20 mm ''Top'' 20 mm ''Bottom'' ||20 mm
|20 mm
|-
| Turret || 20 mm ''Turret front'' 20 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 20 mm ||20 mm
|20 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

As the hull was developed from Mitsubishi's [[Type 89 IFV]] with an extended length, the Type 99 retained the identical 6SY31WA V8 engine and transmission. While the 50 km/h speed and its 12.1 hp/t ratio might not seem particularly impressive, it does offer a -30 km/h reverse speed for a quick retreat.

{{tankMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|JSW L/52 (155 mm)}}

To align with the late Cold War trend of self-propelled howitzers featuring long barrels, the Type 99 is equipped with a domestic 155 mm L/52 howitzer by JSW. The gun system boasts 30 shells in storage with an autoloader, enabling a firing rate of one shot every 7.5 seconds. Although not as rapid as the [[Bkan 1C]] at 3.2 seconds, this rate is more than sufficient for engaging tanks at its tier, which typically have longer reload times. The ballistics remain relatively straight due to its impressive 940 m/s velocity, facilitating easier long-range engagements. An area where the Type 99 excels is a supporting role.

However, caution is advised to avoid overextension, especially with the barrel exposed behind cover, as this may lead to the gun's disablement and, eventually, the Type 99 itself.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[JSW L/52 (155 mm)|155 mm JSW L/52]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Autoloader
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 30 || rowspan="2" | -2°/+70° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | - || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | 7.5
|-
! ''Realistic''
| __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* M107: NATO standard 155 mm HE shell, providing a reasonable 9.1 kg TNTe explosive mass.
* M107(PF): M107, but equipped with a proximity fuse. The excellent velocity of the L/52, coupled with the proximity fuse, makes it a versatile ad-hoc AA shell.
* L15A2: The pinnacle of NATO 155 mm shells, it offers an impressive 14.8 kg TNTe explosive mass. It has the potential to obliterate even the most heavily armoured vehicles.
* M110: NATO Standard 155 mm Smoke shell.

{{:JSW L/52 (155 mm)/Ammunition|M107, M107 (PF), L15A2, M110}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''30''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)}}

''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle
| 600 (200) || 575 || -6/+50° || 360°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


With a very high shell velocity of 940 m/s but low armor and a high profile, the Type 99 155 mm should be played as either a sniping vehicle or an anti-air vehicle. With the L15A2 high explosive shells, which have an explosive mass of 14.8 kg of TNT, it can destroy every vehicle at its rank and higher with a well-placed shot between the hull and the turret (Even the [[Maus]] or the [[Object 279]] heavy tank). The hull of the Type 99 155mm also has a large empty spot without any important modules, meaning that some enemy shells will just go through the hull without activating the explosive fuse, creating little to no damage. Your most problematic enemies you have to keep an eye of are other vehicles with large caliber cannons or vehicles with autocannons. Avoid artillery at any cost, since the chance of getting hit by the artillery is much higher than other tanks due to its very large profile of the Type 99 155 mm.

Since the HE shells don't have a tracer mark while firing, shooting at an enemy group from a long distance while staying near cover is the best way to go to not be seen. The Type 99’s engine has very good backward speed of 31 km/h (RB). Meaning that if a situation becomes too hot, shooting a smoke shell on the ground while driving backwards is the safest way to retreat out of a dangerous situation. Alternately, the Type 99 can be played as an excellent anti-air vehicle to shoot down planes or helicopters nearby or from long distance. The even faster reload of only 7.5 seconds (from its predecessor [[Type 75 SPH]] with its 10 seconds reload), which also stays the same when its loader gets knocked out thanks to its autoloader and a very fast shell velocity for a caliber of 155 mm can make it very deadly for enemies in the sky. But make sure to equip the M107 (PF) HE shells when doing so. The engine compartment is also frontally placed and separated by a 5mm steel plate from the rest of the crew. Which means, that when the frontal hull gets hit, the engine can soak up the entire amount of potential damage the shell was about to unleash. Leaving the rest of the components and the crew itself unharmed. One of the major downsides of the Type 99 is the very little amount of gun depression of only -2 degrees, which can be difficult on rural and hilly maps.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* Excellent shell velocity of 940 m/s (for a SPH)
** Can make the M107 (PF) a reliable AA shell
* 7.5-second auto-loader
* 30 shells in the ready rack
* 20 mm RHA armour offers a balance of protection without excessive weight
** Thin enough to avoid triggering most APHE fuses
** Effective protection against HMGs at longer ranges
* Moderate mobility with a respectable -30 km/h reverse speed
* Large and spacious
** Requires more than one penetration

'''Cons:'''

* Limited protection with 20 mm RHA armour
** Minimal defense against shell penetration
** In close-quarter combat, vulnerable to heavy machine guns
* Relatively small crew size
* Large and easily recognizable target
** Very long barrel can be exposed when positioned behind cover
** only -2 degrees of gun depression can be very difficult on maps with hills

== History ==

=== Development ===
The previous [[Type 75 SPH|Type 75 self-propelled 155 mm howitzer]], which was formalized in 1975, has a maximum range of only 19 km even when using specially developed long-range ammo. On the other hand, the towed 155mm howitzer FH-70 (jointly developed by Britain, West Germany and Italy), which began licensed production in 1983, has a maximum range of 30 km when using base-bleed ammunition. Even the French-made 120 mm towed mortar RT, which is deployed in infantry units, reaches a maximum range of 13 km when using rocket-assisted propellant. Maximum range stands as one of the most pivotal characteristics of artillery; thus, the maximum range of the Type 75 self-propelled howitzer fell short of contemporary standards, irrespective of its developmental era.

Consequently, development on the soon-to-be Type 99 SPH commenced in 1985. Initially, the sole consideration for the upgrade was to replace the Type 75's 155 mm L/30 with a longer L/39 calibre gun. However, as project requirements evolved, including the integration of a new fire control system and systematically newer features, the entire project underwent redevelopment in 1987, utilizing an adapted hull from a prototype [[Type 89 IFV]].

{{Annotation|JSW|Japan Steel Works}}, serving as the main contractor, spearheaded the development of the turret and cannon, collaborating with Mitsubishi overseeing the hull, Asahi Kasei for the entire shell, Nippon Yushi for the inner cylinder of the shell, and Hitachi for the ammunition carrier/loader. By 1996, the design phase of the vehicle concluded, with over 5 billion yen invested. Subsequently, technical and practical tests ensued with four proto-production vehicles. Upon the completion of all testing by 1998, the 4 vehicles were allocated to training divisions in 1999, officially marking the adoption of the "Type 99 self-propelled 155 mm howitzer".

=== Usage ===
The Type 99 SPH boasts a maximum firing range of approximately 30 km, surpassing that of the Type 75 SPH by more than 1.5 times. When equipped with the Type 93 Long-Range shell (base-bleed), the maximum range extends to approximately 40 km. Notably, a Type 03 Multi-Purpose shell (Cluster) was once developed and deployed, featuring submunitions with explosive charges capable of eliminating lightly armoured vehicles within a radius of approximately 100 m. However, this ammunition type was discontinued due to its violation of the Convention on Cluster Munitions.

Despite using an auto-loader, the Type 99 SPH offers enhanced flexibility, allowing loading at any angle. This results in faster loading compared to the Type 75, which required the main gun to be returned to a fixed angle for loading. Additionally, unlike the Type 75, which exclusively automatically loaded warheads, with charges manually loaded afterwards, the Type 99 is automatically loaded with uni-charged shells. With a maximum firing rate exceeding 6 rounds per minute and over 18 rounds per 3 minutes, it showcases a significant improvement in firepower.

Furthermore, the Type 99 ammunition feeder, exclusively developed for this vehicle, can be connected behind the hatch on the right rear of the turret. This configuration enables the automatic replenishment of ammunition, further enhancing the continuous rate of fire.

=== Replacement ===
While the initial objective of the Type 99 SPH was to replace the earlier [[Type 75 SPH]], the unit cost, reaching the extremely high approximate 960 million yen per unit, has limited manufacturing and procurement to a range of 6 to 8 vehicles annually. Failing on the complete replacement, a more cost-effective alternative emerged in the form of the Type 19 self-propelled 155 mm howitzer. Designed to replace the Japanese inventory of FH-70 towed howitzers, it shares the same advanced gun technology as the Type 99.

The Type 19, however, is not a direct replacement for its mechanized counterpart but serves as a supplement. Its primary role is to replace motorized artillery. Since its assignment to training corps in 2019, deployment to active units commenced in 2023.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=jp_type_99 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|a4pkpdAORXw|Type 99 SPH - Testing|8fzbY512SUo|Type 99 SPH - Auto-Loader|M6b8-pzq4cM|Type 99 SPH - Fuji Firing Range, 2013}}

== See also ==


;Related Development

* [[Type 75 SPH]]
* [[Type 89 IFV]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[VIDAR]]
* [[AuF1|AMX-30 AuF1]]
* [[Bkan 1C]]

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Japan tank destroyers}}

M109G

2024-03-08T20:22:42Z

U88944220: /* Survivability and armour */ Armour Chart

{{About
|about = German tank destroyer '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage = other versions
|link = M109 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_m109g
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Kings of Battle"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

Similar to all other vehicles in the [[M109 (Family)|M109 family]], the M109G lacks for armour whatsoever, and will only stop light machine gun rounds. Although, on paper, the vehicle is protected by ~30 mm of armour frontally, it being made of aluminium reduces its effectiveness. Strafing aircraft, even those with only .50 cals, will be deadly to the M109.

The SPH has a generous 6 crew member count, five in the turret and one in the hull. Thanks to the gigantic gun breech, the turret crew sits far apart, with the gunner sitting on the left (from rear POV). Thus, a penetrating hit from AP/APHE shells will rarely one-shot you. They will most likely take out the large breech or destroy the gun barrel instead, far worse than losing a few crew members. Thankfully, the driver and engine sit away from the turret, oftentimes allowing you to escape after suffering a hit. Other HE/HEAT slingers, though (e.g. [[M109A1]], [[2S1]]), will perforate your vehicle no matter what. Overall, try not to be hit, and break cover only to fire.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 98 mm || 32 mm ''Top'' 32 mm ''Bottom'' || 32 mm || 10 - 33 mm
|-
| Turret || 37 - 44 mm ''Turret front'' 34 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 36mm || 32 - 37 mm || 6 - 32 mm
|-
| Cupola || 33 mm || 32 mm || 34 mm || 33 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=575|rbMinHp=358}}

The M109G is sufficiently fast to allow it to be able to get to a position in time, without being flanked immediately by other, faster tanks. The M109G does feature neutral steering, which allows it to turn in place which helps its agility when turning. The M109G's turning is also decent enough for the job.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Like with all ground vehicles, always research parts first. Proceed, then, to mitigate the terrible turret traverse with "Horizontal Drive" and (if you so desire) "Tracks". An improved "Brake System" and "Suspension" will help the gun stabilize faster. At Tier III, prioritize "Elevation Mechanism" for even better gun controls. Then, research smoke screen, or skip to engine upgrades.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M126E1 (155 mm)}}

What makes the M109G so lethal is its gun: a huge 155 mm howitzer. Being a cold-war invention, the gun can fire HE rounds with 9 kilograms of TNT equivalent. When properly aimed, it will take out any tank, up to top-tier MBTs. To do so, aim at either the lower turret face or turret top to destroy the weak roof armour on tanks. Refrain from shooting the hull, as tracks will frequently absorb the round, or pure armour will prevent it from dealing damage. The stock HE shell should be your main choice.

There is an unlockable HE-VT round that can be utilized against planes, but its mere 3 metre trigger radius and low velocity discourages an AA play style. Another option, the M110 shell, will deploy a smoke screen wherever it lands. On other tanks, this may be useful in certain situations, but the long reload time, and the fact that HE shells do not lose penetration over range, makes firing smoke questionable at best.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M126E1 (155 mm)|155 mm M126E1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 28 || rowspan="2" | -3°/+70° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | - || 9.7 || 13.4 || 16.3 || 18.0 || 19.1 || rowspan="2" | 17.29 || rowspan="2" | 15.30 || rowspan="2" | 14.10 || rowspan="2" | 13.30
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 6.5 || 7.7 || 9.4 || 10.3 || 11.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:M126E1 (155 mm)/Ammunition|M107, M107 (PF), M110}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''28''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|MG3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

A main feature that separates the M109G from most others in the [[M109 (Family)|M109 family]] is the lack of a .50 cal defensive MG. Instead, a low-calibre 7 mm is present, offering little protection against planes. Never rely on this gun, and certainly do not fire at planes with this (unless they are diving at you), since it will attract their attention to a juicy target.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm MG3A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 2,000 (200) || 1,200 || -10°/+50° || ±180°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

Originally designed to provide heavy fire support for armoured forces by the United States Army, the M109G should be played in a similar role in War Thunder. Stick close to allies, and act as manually-aimed artillery, engaging enemies while they are distracted.

It is advised not to engage in a sniping engagement with other tanks, especially if you have the high ground. Due to the poor gun depression and difficult to master shell arc, it is extremely difficult to hit enemies at range. Instead, attempt to target enemies at medium to short range, preferably with immediate cover available after firing. Utilize the reverse speed to back away from cover, exposing only your turret, and fire. Never attempt to brawl on this vehicle; an inadequate turret traverse, coupled with painfully long reload speed, reduces your ability to quickly react.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Quite mobile with good reverse speed
* Smoke grenades can cover you whilst reloading
* Thin armour
** Most APHE shells won't fuse
** Most AP derivatives won't create sufficient spalling
* Powerful armament, can one-shot anything
* Neutral steering
* The commander mounted [[MG3A1 (7.62 mm)]] has an extremely fast fire rate making it effective against closeby flying aircraft

'''Cons:'''

* Only -3° gun depression
* Slow turret traverse speed
* Almost nonexistent armour
** Thin enough that LMG fire potentially penetrates
* Long reload
* Slow shell velocity and average optics zoom making it hard for sniping
* No .50 cal HMG

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[M109 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8537-development-m109-the-king-of-battle-en|[Devblog] M109: The King of Battle]]

{{Germany tank destroyers}}

JAS39A

2024-03-07T20:14:14Z

U88944220: /* Usage in battles */ Replaced "Copy-Paste" with " Swedish Version of the Aim9X"

{{About
| about = Swedish jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = JAS39C
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=saab_jas39a
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a Swedish multirole fighter that entered service in 1996 to replace the aging [[JA37D]] and [[AJS37]] for the Swedish air force. The {{PAGENAME}} is developed by SAAB and was designed to carry out tasks such as defending Swedish airspace, engaging with hostile ground targets, and reconnaissance missions.

The {{PAGENAME}} was introduced in [[Update "Air Superiority"]] as top rank jet fighter for Sweden, able to fight toe to toe with [[MiG-29 (Family)|MiG-29]]s and [[F-16 (Family)|F-16]]s on more even terms than the preceding [[JA37D]]. The {{PAGENAME}} can be equipped with different types of anti-air missiles for air engagements, but also does come with different bomb loadouts making it able to be used in a ground supporting role, giving it a multirole ability to engage a variety of enemies. The {{PAGENAME}} handles differently than its predecessor [[JA37D]], but will be more similar to the [[F-16 (Family)|F-16]] that some may be used to.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 11,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,175 || 2,138 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 24.1 || 24.1 || 207.3 || 194.7 || rowspan="2" | 500
|-
! Upgraded
| 2,306 || 2,240 || 23.9 || 24.0 || 285.8 || 245.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || X || X || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,470  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || - || - || - || ~12 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 519 || < 700 || < 1,470 || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Svenska Flygmotor RM12 || 1
| colspan="2" | 6,865 kg || colspan="3" | 307 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 9m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 32m fuel
|-
| 1,054 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning low-bypass turbofan
| 7,567 kg || 8,308 kg || 9,032 kg || 9,205 kg || 13,906 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 9m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 32m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 5,100 kgf || 7,528 kgf
| 0.99 || 0.91 || 0.83 || 0.82 || 0.54
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 5,100 kgf (0 km/h) || 10,918 kgf (1,250 km/h)
| 1.44 || 1.31 || 1.21 || 1.19 || 0.79
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs) !! Lead indicator
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Akan m/85 (27 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 27 mm Akan m/85 cannon, belly-mounted (120 rpg)
* 80 x large calibre countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="5%" | 1 !! width="5%" | 2 !! width="5%" | 3 !! width="5%" | 4 !! width="5%" | 5 !! width="5%" | 6 !! width="5%" | 7 !! width="5%" | 8
| rowspan="17" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! [[m/71 (120 kg)|120 kg m/71]] bombs
| || 4 || 4 || || || 4 || 4 ||
|-
! [[GBU-12 Paveway II (277 kg)|277 kg GBU-12 Paveway II]] bombs
| || 1† || 1† || || || 1† || 1† ||
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 82 (500 lb)|500 lb LDGP Mk 82]] bombs
| || 2 || 2 || || || 2 || 2 ||
|-
! [[Mk 82 Snakeye (500 lb)|500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye]] bombs
| || 2 || 2 || || || 2 || 2 ||
|-
! [[GBU-10 Paveway II (957 kg)|957 kg GBU-10 Paveway II]] bombs
| || || 1† || || || 1† || ||
|-
! [[GBU-16 Paveway II (1,092 lb)|1,092 lb GBU-16 Paveway II]] bombs
| || 1† || 1† || || || 1† || 1† ||
|-
! [[GBU-24 Paveway III (2,000 lb)|2,000 lb GBU-24 Paveway III]] bombs
| || || 1† || || || 1† || ||
|-
! [[psrak m/70]] rockets
| || 6 || 6 || || || 6 || 6 ||
|-
! [[RB71]] missiles
| || 1 || 1 || || || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[RB 74]] missiles
| 1 || 1* || 1* || || || 1* || 1* || 1
|-
! [[RB 74(M)]] missiles
| 1 || 1* || 1* || || || 1* || 1* || 1
|-
! [[RB 75]] missiles
| || 1 || 1 || || || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! Countermeasures
| || 160* || 160* || || || 160* || 160* ||
|-
! LITENING II targeting pod
| || || || 1† || || || ||
|-
! 1,100 l drop tanks
| || || || || 1 || || ||
|-
| colspan="9" | Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 1,250 kg
|-
| colspan="10" | * Countermeasures can be equipped with RB 74 missiles on the same hardpoint † LITENING II pod must be equipped when equipping guided bombs
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* 1 x 1,100 l drop tank
* 2 x RB 74 missiles
* 6 x RB 74 missiles
* 6 x RB 74 missiles + 640 x countermeasures
* 6 x RB 74(M) missiles
* 6 x RB 74(M) missiles + 640 x countermeasures
* 4 x RB71 missiles
* 640 x countermeasures
* 24 x psrak m/70 rockets
* 4 x RB 75 missiles
* 16 x 120 kg m/71 bombs (1,920 kg total)
* 8 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 16 x 120 kg m/71 bombs (1,920 kg total)
* 8 x 500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 4 x 277 kg GBU-12 Paveway II bombs (1,108 kg total)
* 4 x 1,092 lb GBU-16 Paveway II bombs (4,368 lb total)
* 2 x 2,000 lb GBU-24 Paveway III bombs (4,000 lb total)
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==


Gripens needs to be played in one way which is very different from all the other top-tier jets. The JAS39A has an underwhelming radar-guided missile out of all its opponents, meaning it will not play ever in BVR engagements, since it will always end up loosing. Instead, the Gripen shines in the furballs, where the chaos prevents anyone from being totally aware of its surroundings. There, it can use its two best assets: the RB 74(M) (a Swedish Version of the AIM-9M ) and the nearly-unlimited flares loadout the plane can carry. When approaching the danger zone, activate the automatic countermeasure release, set to cycle 1 sec with 0.5 sec between each release and 2 releases per cycle. You have about 4:30 minutes of pure adrenaline before you run out of flares (using flares and chaff should half the time, but sticking to the deck makes radar-guided missiles easily dodgeable). Now the player can pay less (not none) attention to their surroundings and focus on launching the RB 74(M) missiles. Do not focus too much on one target, lock on with radar so the missile won't go for the flares during the lock-on phase and prefer targets that are showing you their side: this way even if they flare the missile will be less likely to notice the flares at all.
The Gripen is also a good dogfighter, use the air brake until you get into the 700-850 km/h, that way you will pull like a monster.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High speed; good acceleration gets you back in the fight after losing speed in turns or climbs
* Extreme manoeuvrability - currently possibly the most agile fighter in the game, outturns even F-16s!
* High amount of countermeasures available; a total of 720 when carrying four BOL rails on the wings
* Well balanced loadouts available, ranging from dumb bombs and rockets to F&F AGMs and laser guided bombs
* Helmet mounted sight lets the pilot slew both IR missile seekers as well as the radar onto off-bore targets
* Access to very competitive RB74(M) missiles which are highly resistant to flares

'''Cons:'''

* Prone to tear off wings at high speed; its high agility may result in over-G breaking the plane apart with reckless manoeuvring
* Mediocre radar missiles; very short range compared to the AIM-7Ms and R-27ERs carried by contemporaries
* Low ammo count for a relatively rapid firing cannon
* Canard-delta design combined with its tiny size means that any hit is likely to cause critical damage to your flight surfaces

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|YpAvtM4iUWo|'''The Shooting Range #390''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:25 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Saab}}
{{Sweden jet aircraft}}

MiG-29 (Germany)

2024-03-07T19:55:46Z

U88944220: /* Pros and cons */ Added : "Low Ammocount for the 30mm"

{{About
|about = jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage = other versions
|link = MiG-29 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=mig_29_9_12_germany
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

During the 1980s, the East German Air Force acquired 24 examples of the Soviet MiG-29 fighter. The specific model they acquired was the 9.12 chassis variant, lacking the upgraded fuel capacity of the [[MiG-29|9.13]] model, among other technological downgrades for export usage. These MiG-29s would be the most advanced aircraft ever operated by the East German air force, as only a few years later, Germany would be re-unified. All 24 of the East German MiG-29s would be passed on to the Luftwaffe, who used them in service for over a decade after that due to their incredible performance, a rare move as a majority of the East German Soviet-built aircraft passed on to the Luftwaffe after reunification were either sold or retired almost instantly. This would prove to be vital in NATO aircraft and weapon development, as up until that point, the MiG-29 was heavily underestimated by the Western air forces. This would all change in 1994, when a dissimilar air combat training between USAF [[F-16A]]s of the 510th Fighter Squadron and Luftwaffe MiG-29s took place in a NATO airbase in Aviano, Italy. After an overwhelming victory from the German MiG-29s, utilizing the [[R-73]] and their helmet-cued targeting, the USA and the rest of the NATO countries realized that they had underestimated the MiG-29's superb performance, and quickly kickstarted development of equivalent weapon systems (AIM-9X, ASRAAM, IRIS-T) and aircraft upgrade variants ([[F-16C]], Rafale-C, etc.) to match the MiG-29. The German MiG-29s would serve well with the Luftwaffe for over a decade with only a single aircraft lost to accidents, before being sold off in 2003 in one of the most famous arms deals in recent history, where 22 of the German MiG-29s were sold to Poland for the comical price of 1€ each (22€ total for the fleet, $26.02 USD at the time of the deal). The final remaining German MiG-29 was touched-up and restored to be displayed at the ''Luftwaffenmuseum der Bundeswehr'' in Berlin, becoming the only surviving German MiG-29 in a German livery today.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a 4th generation fighter for the German tech tree, introduced in [[Update "Sky Guardians"]]. The MiG-29 9-12A (NATO reporting name: Fulcrum-A) is a specialized export variant of the MiG-29 9.12 for Warsaw Pact countries. Building upon dogfighting doctrine established with the earlier [[MiG-21MF (Germany)|MiG-21MF]] and [[MiG-21bis-SAU (Germany)|MiG-21bis-SAU]] in the tech tree, and the advanced weapon employment techniques learned with the [[MiG-23MLA (Germany)|MiG-23MLA]] that precedes it, the MiG-29 not only builds upon the playstyles of its predecessors, but adds on to it with many new tools and weapons, such as the powerful [[R-27ER1]] missile and a HMD (Helmet Mounted Display) targeting system for its all-aspect IR missiles. In general, the MiG-29 in the German tech tree brings a formidable aircraft to that rank for Germany players, and ends up being an overall great introduction to the 4th generation fighter era for players of the German aircraft tech tree.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 14,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,358 || 2,306 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 19.9 || 20.2 || 273.5 || 259.7 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| 2,559 || 2,452 || 19.0 || 19.4 || 370.5 || 320.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,575  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || - || 532 || 463 || ~12 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 680 || < 750 || < 700 || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Klimov RD-33 || 2
| colspan="2" | 10,670 kg || colspan="2" | 377 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 8m fuel || 20m fuel || 28m fuel
|-
| 1,050 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning low-bypass turbofan
| 11,661 kg || 13,017 kg || 13,973 kg || 17,185 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 8m fuel || 20m fuel || 28m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 3,920 kgf || 6,816 kgf
| 1.17 || 1.05 || 0.98 || 0.79
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 5,430 kgf (1,575 km/h) || 12,445 kgf (1,575 km/h)
| 2.13 || 1.91 || 1.78 || 1.45
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The MiG has no armour, which has two sides: on the one hand, the aircraft is lighter; on the other hand, this means that your pilot can get knocked out quite easily.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs) !! Lead indicator
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|GSh-30-1 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 30 mm GSh-30-1 cannon, wing root-mounted (150 rpg)
* 60 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="6%" | 1 !! width="6%" | 2 !! width="6%" | 3 !! width="6%" | 4 !! width="6%" | 5 !! width="6%" | 6 !! width="6%" | 7
| rowspan="18" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_MiG-29.png]]</div>
|-
! [[OFAB-100 (100 kg)|100 kg OFAB-100]] bombs
| || 4 || 4 || || 4 || 4 ||
|-
! [[FAB-250M-54 (250 kg)|250 kg FAB-250M-54]] bombs
| || 1, 2 || 1, 2 || || 1, 2 || 1, 2 ||
|-
! [[FAB-250M-62 (250 kg)|250 kg FAB-250M-62]] bombs
| || 1, 2 || 1, 2 || || 1, 2 || 1, 2 ||
|-
! [[OFAB-250Sh (250 kg)|250 kg OFAB-250Sh]] bombs
| || 1, 2 || 1, 2 || || 1, 2 || 1, 2 ||
|-
! [[FAB-500M-54 (500 kg)|500 kg FAB-500M-54]] bombs
| || 1 || 1, 2 || || 1, 2 || 1 ||
|-
! [[FAB-500M-62 (500 kg)|500 kg FAB-500M-62]] bombs
| || 1 || 1, 2 || || 1, 2 || 1 ||
|-
! [[FAB-500Sh (500 kg)|500 kg FAB-500Sh]] bombs
| || 1 || 1, 2 || || 1, 2 || 1 ||
|-
! [[ZB-500 incendiary]] bombs
| || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[S-8KO]] rockets
| || 20 || 20 || || 20 || 20 ||
|-
! [[S-24B]] rockets
| || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[R-27ER1]] missiles
| || || 1 || || 1 || ||
|-
! [[R-27R1]] missiles
| || || 1 || || 1 || ||
|-
! [[R-27T1]] missiles
| || || 1 || || 1 || ||
|-
! [[R-60]] missiles
| 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[R-60MK]] missiles
| 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! 1,500 l drop tanks
| || || || 1 || || ||
|-
| colspan="8" | Maximum permissible loadout weight: 3,050 kg Maximum permissible wing load: 1,525 kg Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 1,200 kg
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* Without load
* 2 x R-60MK missiles
* 6 x R-60MK missiles
* 6 x R-60 missiles
* 2 x R-27T1 missiles
* 2 x R-27R1 missiles
* 2 x R-27ER1 missiles
* 80 x S-8KO rockets
* 4 x S-24B rockets
* 16 x 100 kg OFAB-100 bombs (1,600 kg total)
* 4 x 250 kg FAB-250M-54 bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 8 x 250 kg FAB-250M-54 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 4 x 250 kg FAB-250M-62 bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 8 x 250 kg FAB-250M-62 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 8 x 250 kg OFAB-250Sh bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 4 x 500 kg FAB-500M-54 bombs (inner hardpoints) (2,000 kg total)
* 4 x 500 kg FAB-500M-54 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 4 x 500 kg FAB-500M-62 bombs (inner hardpoints) (2,000 kg total)
* 4 x 500 kg FAB-500M-62 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 6 x 500 kg FAB-500Sh bombs (3,000 kg total)
* 4 x ZB-500 incendiary bombs
* 1 x 1,500 l drop tank
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==

The MiG-29 has a unique flight character, its engines consume a lot of fuel thus the external fuel tank, getting rid of the external fuel tank will reduce drag and improve the performance of the aircraft, this is mostly done before engaging a target. But the engines also provide excellent thrust at a very wide range of speeds giving you enough power to engage in long-lasting dogfights. The aircraft is not equipped with variable wing sweep, which is not very noticeable. Only when flying at high speeds at lower altitudes will you begin to notice that the wings produce much lift. The MiG-29 has decent manoeuvrability at high and low speeds, the energy retention is not something to complain about either. The 30 mm guns have a high velocity, making it easy to aim at targets, and are much better than earlier Soviet aircraft. The missiles which are the most effective are the R-60MK and R-27ER1. The R-60MK are very easy to flare off, and at its BR many people will dodge these missiles in a head-on fairly easily. But the R-27ER1 has some very effective performance, with an improved radar system this missile will rock the battlefield.

'''Air combat'''

At the start of a match, take all the fuel you can and make sure your custom loadout has drop tank equipped in it. Equip air target belts, 4 R-60MK's and 2 R-27ER1/R1 or 2 R-27T1 (depending on what you prefer). Take off and start going into a flank position, your goal here is to pick off alone flying jets. The MiG-29 excels at solo fighting and performs the best when engaging single targets. Make sure to stick near the ground until you have found yourself a target. Once you got yourself a target, start engaging it and keep your speed up. If the target is high altitude or long distance, make use of your R-27 missiles to take care of it from a distance. But when players decided to hunt down enemy jets with SARH missiles, the enemies will do the same and here comes a flaw to the electronics of the jet: the SPO-15 RWR; although claimed to be all-aspect, the system is in fact divided into 8 smaller sectors at the front-aspect while having only 2 sectors at the rear-aspect, this can be a major problem when multiple targets have a lock on MiG-29 - the pilots have to make a guess on where exactly the source comes from, especially when enemy jets is chasing MiG-29. This can be a major problem in SB battles with only cockpit view. When in close range make use of your R-60MK, but beware of enemy targets that might join the fight. It should be noted to stay away from flock of enemies, the MiG-29 performs poor when under pressure from multiple targets and will become a easy elimination to the enemy. The suggested radar modes for basic users to use are: SRC PD and HMD PD (for close range). During close range dog fighting the MiG-29 can make use of both the radar and IRST to get a lead indicator when locked on target, which is extremely useful and makes eliminating by gun easier. Lastly: keep a eye on your fuel, because this Jet consumes it so fast that in important dog fights you might run out of fuel mid-battle.

'''Guide on R-27R1/ER1'''

To use the radar variants of the R-27 to the fullest make sure to firstly enable "Use rectangular radar indicator", disable "Target cycles switching of aircraft radar" in the settings and set up keybinds for "Horizontal Radar/IRST target cue control axis" and "Vertical Radar/IRST target cue control axis". By doing all of this you have now full control over your radar which will allow you to maximize your potential. Once taken off, make sure to either have TWS or TWS HDN as selected radar mode, this will allow you to see in third person where the selected (not radar locked) target is and where it is heading. Change the scope scale to 100 km to be able to see where the flock of enemies is going, and with that information adjust your trajectory into a flank. Your goal here is to pick off individual high-flying targets, so with use of your horizontal and vertical cue control go over incoming radar pings and sort out which target is most likely to remain at high altitude. Start flanking the target and getting closer to it. When at a range of 15-20 km, lock on to the target and fire away your radar-guided missile. The enemy will not have enough time to break the radar lock and will get destroyed by the fast incoming R-27R1/ER1. If the targets are getting below 10 km range, prepare yourself to swap into HMD PD (within visual range combat radar mode). This will allow you to make use of the helmet-mounted display to lock on to any target you look at. This will allow you to lock on to jets who are not near the ground, and once the missile is fired away the target will have little chance evading it. When fired below 3 km, the enemies might be able to evade/dodge the missile due to the sheer launch speed it has.

'''CAS'''

The MiG-29 can be used as a fast interceptor of enemy targets in Ground Realistic. Equip your MiG-29 with 6 x FAB-500SH, add 2 R-60MKs optionally. Start heading to the battle area and go for a behind approach of the enemy spawn, this will allow you to take care of SPAAs or any other targets with a surprise. Once you found yourself a target, prepare to slow down to near Mach 1 and align your CCIP with the target, drop all or half of all the retarded bombs with a 0 second fuse (the bombs slowly fall on the target, allowing you to escape the blast while also instantly eliminating the target). Once the bombs have been dropped, either start speeding off back to the airfield for more bombs, or make use of your R-60MKs to take care of any enemy air targets. Furthermore, make sure to swap your radar into IRST mode, as you do not carry any radar missiles and it will make you more stealthy to face off enemy jets. It is suggested to also take a mixed countermeasures loadout, it can help you dodge surface-to-air missiles and break their lock on.

'''Enemies worth noting'''

[[F-16 (Family)|F-16 series]] : The F-16's are considered the top opponent against the MiG-29, having a equal amount of power and ability to combat you. Singularly you might have an upper hand in skill and abilities thanks to the R-27 and R-60 missiles, but beware. The moment a F-16 teams up with one another, they become a formidable and dangerous group. The more F-16's are flying as a flock the more dangerous they become. In comparison with the MiG-29: the F-16 performs better in groups, and it is that what you have to look out for. It's best to avoid engaging into a flock of F-16's, but to rather engage it from a distance (with use of R-27 missiles) or wait for the flock to fall apart. This will give you again a upper hand over the F-16 and give you the ability to combat it 1-on-1. Further than that make sure to keep an eye out for their missiles, they have an excellent medium range and can retain a IR lock very well. In addition, at high speed the F-16 is much less manoeuvrable than the MiG-29. When in a 1-on-1 with an F-16 it is advisable to keep your speed up - the more speed you and your opponent lose, the more manoeuvrable the F-16 becomes. Do not try to engage in a turning engagement with a slow F-16, as it is likely they will out turn you with its superior low-speed turn rate.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great top speed at all altitudes; with a wing rip speed of Mach 1.3 at sea level
* High turning performance and agility, especially at low to medium speed
* The GSh-30-1 cannon is well suited for air combat, possessing effective damage and ballistics
* Highly effective radar system, has TWS along with PD and Head-Down modes
* Possesses the R-27ER1 SARH missile, with strong speed, acceleration, and tracking
* Has a potent IRST for slaving IR missiles
* Helmet Mounted Display (HMD) allows for fine pointing of Radar and IRST

'''Cons:'''

* High fuel consumption on afterburner; as little as 4 minutes without a drop tank
* The twin engines burn hot, producing a large signature for enemy IR missiles
* Low Ammocount for the 30mm
* R-60MK IR missiles have a rather short range
* Can easily G-LOC due to high manoeuvrability
* Relatively narrow radar search width of 30°, inferior to the 120°+ found on F-14s and F-16s
* The SPO-15 RWR is pseudo-all-aspect where the detections are divided into different sectors instead of showing the exact direction

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=mig_29_9_12_germany Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|UGoN9tYXYSY|'''It Just Keeps Getting Better (So High) - MiG-29 Germany''' - ''DEFYN''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[MiG-29]]

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer MiG}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

M109A1

2024-03-07T19:50:53Z

U88944220: Completion of the armor Chart

{{About
|about = American tank destroyer '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage = other versions
|link = M109 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=us_m109a1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was introduced into American service in 1973 as an improved version of the M109 self-propelled howitzer. The main improvement was the installation of a new 155 mm M185 cannon, which had a longer barrel and a higher muzzle velocity than the previous M126. This increased the effective range of the M109A1 from 14.6 km to 18 km, giving it an advantage over foreign artillery. It was known for its role in supporting the US Army's operations in Europe and the Middle East, where it could provide fire support for ground forces and counter-battery fire against enemy artillery. The existing M109A1's were later converted to the M109A2 standard, which incorporated 27 RAM (Reliability, Availability, Maintainability) improvements.

The {{Specs|name}} was introduced in [[Update "Kings of Battle"]]. It has similar characteristics to the Soviet [[2S3M]] and can deliver powerful 155 mm shells over long distances and relocate swiftly to evade enemy fire. The M109A1 has an average rate of fire and large ammo capacity, and its mobility is complemented by a good top speed and acceleration. However, its armour is not very thick, so it's recommended to use the M109A1's speed to avoid direct confrontations when possible. Moreover, it is essential to keep in mind that the M109A1 has low gun depression and cannot depend on firing from elevated positions.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The armour on the M109 is nearly non-existent, being surrounded by 32 mm thick aluminium alloy 5083, which effectively comes down to 13-20 mm RHA. This leaves the vehicle vulnerable to even light machine gun fire from any angle. The weakness of the armour turns into a strong-suit against AP shells that will pass straight through, unable to fuse or create enough spall to inflict major damage. Direct hits from HE and other chemical shells such as HEAT, will most likely leave the M109 a burning wreck. The 6 crew members are pretty spaced apart in the turret, giving a plus to crew survivability.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 32mm || 32mm ''Top'' 32mm ''Bottom'' || 32mm || 10 - 34 mm
|-
| Turret || 37 mm ''Turret front'' 33mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 32mm || 32mm || 7 - 33 mm
|-
| Cupola || 33 mm || 33 mm || 33 mm || 33 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.''

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=575|rbMinHp=358}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M185 (155 mm)}}

''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M185 (155 mm)|155 mm M185]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 28 || rowspan="2" | -3°/+75° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | - || 9.7 || 13.4 || 16.3 || 18.0 || 19.1 || rowspan="2" | 17.29 || rowspan="2" | 15.30 || rowspan="2" | 14.10 || rowspan="2" | 13.30
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 6.5 || 7.7 || 9.4 || 10.3 || 11.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:M185 (155 mm)/Ammunition|M107, M107 (PF), M110}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''28''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)}}

''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 600 (200) || 575 || -10°/+50° || ±180°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Access to HE and HE-VT shells with more than 9 kg of TNT
* Top speed of 56 km/h that it can easily reach
* Can be surprisingly survivable, usually not taken out in a single shot
* Impressive 75° elevation limit
* Top mounted .50 cal for taking out softer targets

'''Cons:'''

* Hindered by a limited gun depression of -3 degrees
* The gunner optics have a low zoom level (4X)
* Thin armour, will only stop small arms fire
* Long reload

== History ==


=== [[wt:en/news/8537-development-m109-the-king-of-battle-en|Devblog]] ===
Development of the M109 began in the early 1950s under a U.S. program to develop a common chassis for a number of different SPH designs. Upon entering service, the M109 was immediately deployed to the Vietnam War. However, its operational service during the conflict was cut short due to serious mechanical malfunctions which rendered the fleet inoperable. Nonetheless, after being addressed and receiving its first upgrade to the A1 standard, the M109 would continue service with U.S. forces for decades to come, taking part in virtually all military conflicts where U.S. forces were deployed in. Once its design eventually matured, the M109 successfully resisted replacement on multiple occasions and continuously received upgrades until the present day.

== Media ==


;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|QjkKhVqNmfY|'''The Shooting Range #381''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:26 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[M109 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8537-development-m109-the-king-of-battle-en|[Devblog] M109: The King of Battle]]

{{USA tank destroyers}}

Leopard 2A7V

2024-02-04T17:12:31Z

U88944220:

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_leopard_2a7v
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Air Superiority"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.''

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=2032|rbMinHp=1327|AoAweight=2.4|abMaxHp=2862|rbMaxHp=1500|weight=64.1|abForwardSpeed=68|rbForwardSpeed=61|abReverseSpeed=31|rbReverseSpeed=27.7}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Rh120 L/55 A1 (120 mm)}}

The Leopard 2A7V has access to the DM53 APFSDS, a high penetrating APFSDS shell. Such shell is able to penetrate [[M1A2 Abrams]], [[Challenger 2]] and [[T-80U]] more easily than its predecessor.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Rh120 L/55 A1 (120 mm)|120 mm Rh120 L/55 A1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 37 || rowspan="2" | -9°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 38.1 || 52.7 || 64.0 || 70.8 || 75.3 || rowspan="2" | 7.80 || rowspan="2" | 6.90 || rowspan="2" | 6.36 || rowspan="2" | 6.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 23.8 || 28.0 || 34.0 || 37.6 || 40.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Rh120 L/55 A1 (120 mm)/Ammunition|DM12A1, DM33, DM11, DM53}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''37''' || 16 ''(+21)'' || 1 ''(+36)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|MG3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm MG3A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| || ___ (___) || ___ || __° || __°
|-
| || ___ (___) || ___ || __° || __°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===
'''Pros:'''

* A very well-armoured MBT with even fewer weak spots (UFP).
* Deadly firepower, incredibly powerful DM53 APFSDS round.
* Gen 3 thermals.
* Spall liners in turret & hull armour.
* Extremely good gun handling for an MBT: 40°/s for both turret rotation and gun elevation speed (with Ace crew) and -9°/+20° of maximum vertical guidance.
* Cannon barrel and cannon breech can absorb impact rounds which may otherwise penetrate the turret and injure crew members.
* Has access to the DM11 HE-FT round.

'''Cons:'''

* Decent mobility, but inferior to its predecessors.
* Lower frontal plate is weak and relatively huge, most penetrations from here are deadly.
* Huge hull ammo rack that can be shot easily, just like on the other Leopard 2 variants, if more than 16 shells are carried makes the tank vulnerable to HE shells and presents an annoying hull weak spot.
* Hull penetrations are likely fatal; a penetrating shot on the left side of the hull will most likely knock out the driver, gunner and commander, while a penetrating shell on the right side of the hull will most likely hit the ammo-rack, in both cases destroying the tank.
* The wedges can be shot off with several hits, though the turret cheeks alone provide armor against KE.
* Despite all the added armour, the turret ring and the mantlet are both easily penetrated, and the enemy will most likely aim at these two spots to disable or destroy the tank.

== History ==
In the mid 2010s, the German government backtracked on plans to reduce the size of the armored force in the Bundeswehr. Instead, a plan was formulated with Krauss-Maffei-Wegmann, the manufacturer of the Leopard 2 MBT, to produce additional vehicles under a new and improved standard.

The Leopard 2A7V, as it became known, featured improved protection thanks to a modular armor package bolted on the front of the hull as well as improved optics and a new transmission adapted to the increased weight. The new vehicle was officially presented in October 2019 and entered service with the Bundeswehr in September 2021. Presently, all 104 Leopard 2A7Vs ordered by Germany are in active service with the Bundeswehr.

''- From [[wt:en/news/8636-development-leopard-2a7v-the-ultimate-evolution-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Germany medium tanks}}