War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

M24 (China)

2021-03-18T11:44:32Z

U77972468: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = Chinese light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other variants
| link = M24 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=cn_m24_chaffee
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Chinese light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


The M24 Chaffee has thin armour on all sides, and can only effectively resist machine gun fire or very low-penetrating shells. Its crews are also very close to each other, increasing the chance of it getting knocked out by a single shot. The V-shaped gun mantlet might bounce some small-calibre shells if you are lucky enough. However, don't rely on it as the rest of the tank is still poorly protected.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 25.4 mm (60°) ''Front glacis'' 25.4 mm (44°) ''Lower glacis'' || 25.4 mm (13°) ''Front'' 12.7 mm (13°) ''Rear'' || 12.7 mm (71-74°) ''Top'' 19 mm (1-43°) ''Bottom'' || 12.7 mm
|-
| Turret || 38.1 mm (8-40°) ''Turret front'' 38.1 mm (1-45°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 25.4 mm (17-26°) || 25.4 mm || 12.7 mm
|-
|}

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=459|rbMinHp=262}}

The M24 travels at an average of 40 km/h on/off-road which is the average light tank speed. It also responds fast when reversing. Thanks to its short and wide tracks it is able to turn quickly. However the acceleration is poor, making it to feel sluggish when performing short manoeuvres.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M6 (75 mm)}}

The [[M6 (75 mm)|75 mm M6 gun]] has two types of AP, one HE and one smoke shell to choose from. The M61 shot, which is an APCBC, is generally better than the M72 AP. It has 63.7 g of explosive filler which brings a deadly blast once penetrated, has better penetration (104 mm max) and it has a slightly lower chance of ricocheting. With the M61 shot, the Chaffee is able to one-shot plenty of tanks at its BR.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M6 (75 mm)|75 mm M6]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 48 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+15° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Vertical || 22.9 || 31.6 || 38.4 || 42.5 || 45.2 || rowspan="2" | 8.45 || rowspan="2" | 7.47 || rowspan="2" | 6.89 || rowspan="2" | 6.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.3 || 16.8 || 20.4 || 22.6 || 24.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| M72 shot || AP || 91 || 88 || 78 || 67 || 57 || 49
|-
| M48 shell || HE || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10
|-
| M61 shot || APCBC || 104 || 101 || 90 || 78 || 68 || 59
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| M72 shot || AP || 619 || 6.3 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| M48 shell || HE || 463 || 6.3 || 0 || 0.1 || 666 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| M61 shot || APCBC || 618 || 6.79 || 1.2 || 14 || 63.7 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| M64 || 381 || 6.9 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_M24.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the M24 Chaffee]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''48''' || 25 ''(+23)'' || 1 ''(+47)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}

The two machine guns on the M24 Chaffee are the good old [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|.50 cal M2HB]] and the [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]. The roof-mounted .50 cal can traverse 360 degrees and has great depression & elevation, posting a big threat to any plane that is flying too close to the M24. It has an unbelievable penetration of 31 mm at 10 m, meaning it can easily penetrate plenty of lightly armoured vehicles and even the side of some low rank medium tanks. The 7.62 mm, on the other hand, can only efficiently damage exposed crews due to its low penetration.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 1,000 (200) || 577 || -10°/+70° || ±60°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,800 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The M24 Chaffee is a very agile little tank. Its good speed allows the player to quickly cap a point early on in the game, or get to some flanking positions easily to get some side shots with the powerful 75 mm cannon. When doing flanking manoeuvres, remember to always look around you, especially to the directions where the enemies are most likely to appear. This can increase the player's survivability on the battlefield a lot, as the M24 has little to no armour and is very likely to get one-shotted by the common 75 & 76 mm guns. In a surprise close-quarter encounter, you must be confident and aim carefully. Slow yourself down and the stabiliser will help a lot. Overall the M24 perfectly fits a guerrilla-warfare play style (hit-n-run).

'''Enemies worth noting''':

* Sd.Kfz.234 series: The M24, although agile, is still not the fastest tank at its rank. When your opposite team has Germany, you might want to reconsider the option of capping a point straight away, since the German Sd.Kfz.234 series are very likely to be there first. The [[Sd.Kfz.234/2|''Sd.Kfz.234/2'']] (also known as the Puma) is a turreted 8-wheel vehicle with a small profile, extremely high on-road speed and a powerful 50 mm gun. But it cannot turn in place, has a very slow turret traverse and only 8 mm of side hull armour, so a good tactic is to circle with it and utilise your stabiliser, fast turret and the piercing .50 cal. In an intense tank "dogfight", you might miss your shots. Don't worry, your reliable .50 cal got you! It can penetrate the sides, or even the front of the puma easily. The [[Sd.Kfz.234/3|''Sd.Kfz.234/3'']] and [[Sd.Kfz.234/4|''Sd.Kfz.234/4'']], although being equally deadly, are turretless. You can use some quick turns to avoid their guns or tear through the thin armour plate protecting their gunners with your .50 cal.
* [[E.B.R. (1954)]]: this wheeled vehicle, just like the Sd.Kfz.234 series, is able to reach a remarkably high speed, especially on road. It is equipped with a deadly 75 mm cannon with autoloader, dealing more fragmental damage than the Sd.Kfz.234's and can therefore easily one-shot the M24 most of the times. The tactics vary a bit, as the E.B.R also has way faster turret traverse, therefore you do not want to "dogfight" it like how you deal with a Puma. If you are in an uptier and France is in the opposing team, think twice before rushing straight to a cap point. You need to be more careful and try to ambush it by camping around the point. Utilise your advantages well, you have superior gun depression, explosive-packed shells, lots of smoke grenades and, most importantly, a vertical stabiliser.

* [[KV-1]], [[KV-IB (Germany)|KV-IB]], [[KV I C 756 (r) (Germany)|KV I C 756 (r)]]: The famous KV series can cause a bit of troubles too. They are well know for their well-protected hull and turrets. The M24 can manoeuvre to point-blank range, line up your gun so it's pointing dead flat at the armour and fire. The 104 mm penetration of the M61 shell should punch a hole in the KV's armour with ease. If you are close enough but do not have the space to manoeuvre, shoot their gun barrel to prevent them from getting a shot off, then go for their turret ring or the vertical part on their gun mantlet, which is only 90mm. For the KV-1B, '''do not''' try and fire at its turret from the front and side, as they are 105 mm thick and will never get penetrated. For the KV I C 756, aim for the cupola (50m) or the gun mantlet (50mm) to knock out the turret crew or the gun breech. Don't shoot at anywhere else, the shell won't penetrate.

* [[Churchill Mk I]], [[Churchill Mk III]], [[Pz.Kpfw. Churchill (Germany)|Pz.Kpfw. Churchill]]: The Churchills, with their complex hulls and sturdy turrets, can be quite hard to kill at range. Again, maneuver as close to them as possible, the idea distance being no more than 200m. If they are angling their hull but facing their turret at you, only go for the turret. For the Mk I Churchills, aim at the near-vertical part of their rounded cheeks to ensure successful penetrations. For the Mk III and the German Churchill, also aim for their flat turret which is at most 89mm. The shell should go in easily and knock out most, if not all of the crew. Only when you are facing their hull without any angles should you shoot the hull, otherwise shoot the turret only, as their big tracks can easily get in front of the frontal hull. The side hull have multiple layers of armor, some of which are weirdly angled and can absorb plenty of shells.
* [[M4A2]] / [[M4A4 (1st PTG)|A4]]: these Sherman tanks are widely used by over 3 nations that spread across both the Allied and the Axis side, so no matter which nation you play they can be quite tough to destroy in the hands of a skilled tanker. Given the rather weak penetration of your short 75 mm gun, their hull can be almost impossible to penetrate when angled, hull down or 300m away. For a M4A4, there are 2 apparent bulges on the upper front plate, a penetration through there is a guaranteed kill most of the times. But in case the opponent covers them up or when it's a M4A2, aim for the middle parts of the gun mantlet or the turret armor unprotected by the mantlet, you can at least make them defenseless.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent mobility: good top speed and great turning ability
* Uses the same gun as the 75 mm Shermans: various shell types, great penetration & damage and excellent gun depression. M61 shell can one shot common tanks like the Pz.IV F, M4, Cromwell or even the [[Tiger H1]].
* Fast turret traverse allows it to track agile targets easily
* Low profile allows it to easily hide behind small bushes or rocks, increasing survivability
* Equipped with a vertical plane stabilizer, allowing for more accurate shots on the move or shoot-n-scoot tactics
* Pintle mounted HMG allows for air defense and some anti tank ability (eg. Marder III, Sd.kfz.234 series, Breda 501, etc)
* 13 smoke grenades allow escaping from dangerous situation for many times
* Effective even in uptiers if used for flanking shots or hunting soft targets
* Very fast reverse allowing it to retreat from danger quickly
* Cheaper than all the other Chaffees in the game

'''Cons:'''

* Low survivability: all-round thin armour and closely packed crews. Can get one-shot by common guns like 75 mm M3, 76 mm F-34 and 75 mm Kwk 40
* Acceleration is rather sluggish, especially on soft terrains
* On-road top speed is still inferior to some wheeled vehicles like the [[Sd.Kfz.234/2]]
* Shells drop dramatically at long distances, making distant / moving targets hard to shoot at
* Reload time is pretty slow for a light tank
* Low ammo count can be a problem in long games or RB/SB matches

== History ==

===Development===
As early as 1942, the light tanks [[M3 Stuart|M3]] and [[M5A1|M5 ''Stuart'']] have been seen as severely lacking in the modernizing design of tanks and how they fight. The armour was seen as insufficient and the [[M3 (37 mm)|37 mm gun]] was also deemed useless against even the standard German tanks like the [[Pz.III J|Panzer III]] and [[Pz.IV F2|Panzer IV]]. The system needed an upgrade, specifically a light tank that mounts the [[M3 (75 mm)|75 mm gun]] seen on the [[M4|''Shermans'']]. An attempt to mount a 75 mm gun on a ''Stuart'' was deemed inefficient as it reduced ammo stowage and left the armour too thin on the design.

In April 1943, the U.S. Ordnance Department worked with Cadillac to start on a project for the new light tank, designated ''Light Tank T24''. The powertrain and transmission of the M5 ''Stuart'' were used with the ultimate goal of producing a vehicle weighing less than 20 tons. This left the vehicle with relatively thin armour to stay lightweight. At the time, a lighter 75 mm gun was developed for mounting on the [[B-25J-20|B-25 Mitchell bomber]] without sacrificing performance, and this was mounted onto the light tank in development. The tank used 410 mm wide tracks with a torsion bar suspension that greatly improves cross-country travel. The engine was a Cadillac 44T24 V-8 petrol engine. The chassis was designed with the expectation that it would be used as a basis of many different vehicle roles so it was called the "Light Combat Team". The light tank end design had a low profile at 9 ft. 1 in. height and featuring a crew of five with a three-man turret, an improvement over the two-man turrets of the Stuarts. The first finished vehicle arrived on October 15, 1943, and was deemed a success, starting a contract for 1,000 units that was later raised to 5,000 units. The vehicle was classified as the '''Light Tank M24''' and as the ''' ''Chaffee'' ''' by the British after US General Adna R. Chaffee, Jr., who helped develop some of America's earliest tank designs. The vehicle was produced by Cadillac and Massey-Harris from April 1944 to August 1945 with a total of 4,731 units produced.

=== Service in the ROC Army ===
In order to suppress the expansion of communist forces in Asia and to deal with the tense situation in Taiwan Strait after the end of the Korean War, United States signed the Sino-US Mutual Defense Treaty with Republic of China in 1954. In the same year, the United States handed over surplus supplies of World War II including 233 M24 "Chaffee" light tanks to the ROC armed forces. A number of additional 56 light tanks were supplied in 1966. South Korea also assisted a batch of training tanks to Taiwan. Thus, Republic of China became the largest user of M24 tanks outside the United States.

In 1980, the National Army adopted the M24A1 upgrade program of NAPCO for some of the M24 Chaffee in service. The core modification lies in power system which replaced the original gasoline engine with a General Dynamics 6V53T diesel engine. This upgrade further ameliorated the overall endurance and boosted power (up to 350-400 horsepower). In addition to the engine, the M24A1 was equipped with a new gearbox and the maximum speed was boosted to 65 km/h. M24A1 removes the auxiliary driver and hull machine gun, and some models were equipped with IR searchlight as well. The upgraded M24A1 is distributed to Armored Cavalry units or low-intensity units.

'''''Fun fact:''' Since the M24A1 uses the same 6V53 engine as the MCI “National light” Greyhound Bus, therefore its service reliability performance is even better than that of the M41 tank.''

Considering that the road conditions in the eastern part of Hualien are relatively narrow and is suitable for maneuvering tanks of this size, the ROC Army began to transfer M24 light tanks to the units stationed in eastern Taiwan. In order to mobilize these tanks intensively, all M24 in active service were concentrated to the 784th tank battalion of the 151st Division (currently the Army Lanyang Regional Command) in Yilan. During the 1996 Taiwan Strait Missile Crisis, some of these vehicles were sent to Matsu as reinforcements. All M24 light tanks in active service were decommissioned in 1999, expect for some of the remaining M24 used as infantry supporting vehicle or stationary shore defense artillery in the outer islands.

=== The Wan Sheng Modification ===
It’s known that at least one M24 light tank was transformed into the "Wan Sheng II" in 1975 which was part of the "Wan Sheng” Project carried out by the Joint Logistics Command. The M24 tank turret was transplanted to the aluminum M113 hull produced by Taiwan Aluminum Corporation while the engine compartment was moved to the rear of the hull, transforming the M113 APC into a light tank structure. The “Wan Sheng II” is designed for fire support missions of landing operations. The vehicle never entered mass production due to its poor armor and heavy weight, which was determined unsuitable for amphibious operations. However, the Joint Logistics Command gained valuable experience during the imitation. The lesson learnt here later greatly contributed to the design and production work of CM21 armored personnel carriers.

''(Wan Sheng or "萬乘", means thousands of combat vehicles, is a Chinese allusion referring to a powerful army and therefore a strong nation)''

=== Captured by the Chinese people's Volunteer Army ===
In December 1950, the Chinese People's Volunteer Army seized an intact US M24 "Chaffee" tank during the fight of Minami, North Korea. A series of technical evaluations were carried out to the vehicle but it never saw service in the armored units of PLA. The very same vehicle is currently on display in the Beijing Military Museum.

=== In-game description ===
The experience of the M3 and M5 light tanks in the western desert proved that the era of light tanks with angular bodies and vertical suspension had come to a close. In 1943 work began on a completely new tank with the popular Hydromatic transmission and a carburetor engine made by Cadillac. The assignment, outside of strengthening the armament, was to keep the maximum weight below 18 short tons. As a result, a new hull with heavily sloped armor plates was developed. The turret gained a streamlined look with 37 mm armor.

The running gear was made up of five rubber-coated weight-bearing wheels and three supporting rollers in addition to forward, leading, and rear guiding wheels. The tank's main gun was a 75 mm M6 cannon with anti-recoil mechanisms around the barrel, something that made it much smaller. The tanks were fitted with coaxial and bow-mounted 7.62 mm machine guns.

The first T24 light tank prototype entered trials in October 1943. It turned out to be such a success that 1,000 units were quickly ordered, a number that later jumped to 5,000. Production took place at Cadillac and Massay-Harris factories, where 4,415 tanks were assembled between March 1944 and October 1945. The T24 was officially accepted two months after full-scale production began, receiving a new M24 designation. It entered combat in fall 1944 and was the American army's primary light tank through the end of the war.

The tanks sent to the UK via Lend-Lease were referred to as Chaffees.

The successful tank had a long career, fighting in the Korean, First Indochina, Vietnam, and Third Indo-Pakistani wars.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=china&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=light_tank&vehicle=cn_m24_chaffee Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[M24 (Family)]]

;Vehicles equipped with the same gun

* [[AMX-13-M24]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[AMX-13 (FL11)]]

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{China light tanks}}

F6F-5N

2021-01-25T18:05:23Z

U77972468: Pros and cons

{{About
| about = American naval fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = the French version
| link-1 = F6F-5N (France)
| usage-2 = other versions
| link-2 = F6F (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=f6f-5n
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_f6f-5n.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American naval fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.65 "Way of the Samurai"]].

The '''F6F-5N''' (N stands for Night fighter variant) is the late variant of the '''Grumman F6F-5 Hellcat'''.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The main drawback of this fighter is the powerful but often overloaded engine. This means that after all the weight added with the twin 20 mm cannons, radar, and payload, the plane becomes much slower compared to the previous F6F-5 in US service. This may be an indication to avoid engaging in air supremacy battles with other more dedicated air superiority fighters. Instead, these variants excel at ground strike and interception, leaving the pure fighter role to other more fast and agile fighters.

Once spaded, the F6F-5N feels similar to the F6F-5, but all of the main flight characteristics are slightly reduced, such as the top speed, rate of climb, and turn rate. When equipping payloads is a good idea to avoid extended combat, this is due to the fact the plane gets even slower and less manoeuvrable. American pilots should consider learning (MEC) manual engine controls to boost flight performance. Its details are explained [[#Manual Engine Control|below]]!

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,730 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 602 || 581 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 22.2 || 23.1 || 8.1 || 8.1 || rowspan="2" | 399
|-
! Upgraded
| 661 || 629 || 19.8 || 21.0 || 16.7 || 11.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 510 || 510 || 310 || ~11 || ~4
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 432 || < 420 || < 420 || > 420
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

[[File:F6F_Pilot_Protection.png|thumb|right|300px|A page from the F63/F6F pilots manual detailing protective angles against enemy weapons.]]

* 3 mm steel - below the engine and above cooling system
* 6.35 mm steel - behind the pilot
* 38 mm bulletproof glass - armoured windscreen

The F6F-5N is a considerably robust and armoured aircraft, a usual trait of American-made fighters. This armour will enable pilots to survive several hits if they end up tailed by some more agile enemy aircraft; like the Japanese [[Ki-61-II]] or the [[Bf 109 G-2/trop]]. Nonetheless, avoid being targeted and attacked!

The F6F-5N can take a lot of hits and the armour will be there to provide an important defence to the pilot against 7.62 mm up to some long-range 20 mm HE shells. But the airframe and the wide wing spars will start to weaken after heavy enemy damage, thus also compromising the flight performance and ultimately leading to the breakdown of the aircraft itself.

American pilots can take advantage of the adequate armoured glass, the armour around the nose, and the engine for head-on attacks or low bombing runs. To increase survivability, pilots should attempt to engage frontally the more agile enemies. There is the majority of the armour, along with all the heavy machine guns and powerful cannons. Contrary to holding from behind, where the average top speed and turn rate won't provide the F6F-5N with any major advantage.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

A slow F6F is a certainly doomed F6F. Attempt to go for some flight performance modules and then some weaponry modules. This will help to keep research while not suffering from a below-average aircraft. The additional payload can bring more research points, depending on the pilot's favourite role and gamemode with the aircraft.

Payload modules unlock the following:

* ITC mk.III: One torpedo
* FRC mk.2: Six HVAR rockets
* LFRC mk.12: Two Tiny Tims
* FLBC mk.1: Two 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
In the offensive department, the F6F-5N is devastating!

There are a plethora of choices on armaments that truly bring a lot of power to the US pilots. The 20 mm cannons and 12.7 mm machine guns are capable of devastating, if not destroying, light and medium tanks, even from the sides. This is accompanying the already lethal available explosive payloads.
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|AN/M2 (20 mm)|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm AN/M2 cannons, wing-mounted (231 rpg = 462 total)
* 4 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, wing-mounted (400 rpg = 1,600 total)

The familiar American M2 Browning provides quick-firing, adequate damage, and high penetration capacities. Not many aircraft can withstand a prolonged burst from these machine guns. However, they lack the fast, decisive punch of a large-calibre cannon. This could lead to the F6F-5N often staying in combat more than it should; something detrimental to its survival.

*The '''Ground targets''' belt is notably good to bypass the enemy's armour plates and also good for head-ons attacks. Works for some medium tanks, armoured cars and light tanks. (Side or top armour)

*The '''Tracers belt''' is handy to burst your enemies into flames. Mainly, the light and nimble planes with poor durability.

In this variant, the F6F-5N also receives two new powerful 20 mm AN/M2 cannons.

The 20 mm AN/M2 cannons will dramatically increase the firepower and lethality of the F6F. Their penetration and decent fire rate enable pilots to utilize them proactively during air combats. The good ammo count also extends their time on combat if the pilot has trigger discipline. The penetration of these cannons allows the F6F-5N to perform in a strike fighter role against soft-skinned ground vehicles. Various tanks on rank IV don't have enough top-turret protection for stopping this cannon.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AN-M65A1 (1,000 lb)|HVAR|Tiny Tim|Mk.13-1 Case (1,927 lb)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 6 x HVAR rockets
* 2 x Tiny Tim rockets
* 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)
* 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs + 6 x HVAR rockets (2,000 lb total)
* 1 x 1,927 lb Mk.13-1 Case torpedo

== Usage in battles ==

Once a good understanding of the abilities and inabilities of the '''F6F-5N''' is gained, players can use this plane on all game modes without major trouble.

The F6F-5N was a versatile fighter during World War II and it proves this with both the capabilities of the airframe along with the varied ordnance it can carry. The powerful weapons that the F6F-5N has on-board can make short work of enemy aircraft and some ground targets, and the sizeable amount of suspended weapons allows the aircraft to be used in support roles when attacking critical ground targets. In addition, employment of the radar can make the F6F-5N a deadly fighter in night combat or in adverse weather condition

=== Realistic battles ===
'''Air battles'''

The principle of playing with the F6F-5N is to keep your speed, always. This F6F-5N has a powerful engine and a relatively heavy airframe, which allows it to perform well in diving and manoeuvring attacks. Against aircraft that are less manoeuvrable or are unable to maintain speed during combat the F6F-5N can easily take them out. When fighting lighter and more nimble enemies, it pays to be cautious and not commit into a fight without having superior energy to escape if it becomes necessary. The F6F-5N can also meet opponents way faster than him; some planes reaching up to 700 km/h while the F6F stays around the 629 km/h at level flight.

It is here when the ''Manual Engine Controls'' provide the pilot with a meaningful increase in performance. That leads to utilizing the altitude to survive, as this plane is heavy and won't perform excellently on low-level dogfights with tight turns. The way of the F6F is to go low, do the work then climb back to the safer territory; achievable because of the powerful supercharged engine.

'''Ground battles'''

The F6F is a well-fitted strike/night fighter. Nonetheless, the rather small battlefields on tank battles can become a big safety concern. If situational awareness is lost, pilots are likely to be engaged by surprise. To avoid this, American pilots should consider the following roles:

'''''Air defence/Interception'''''

There will usually be some enemy air force incoming to the combat zone; fighters, strike fighters, or even bombers. With an anticipated climb and the highly useful radar, the F5F-5N can take the control of the battle. Avoid any additional payload because now the relevant job is to defend ground forces and pester enemy aviation. Once in the air, check the immediate surroundings (check six first) also with the help of the radar, then proceed to gain altitude. This altitude is key to counter any faster or more agile enemy arriving to combat.

Once a target has been spotted, pilots must remember this might not be the only enemy plane arriving. Planning must be made to perform dive attacks against them and retreat again to altitude. The Hellcat loves these dives, so pilots can confidently approach to their preys, let the guns roar, then leave.

The Hellcat can't be shot down if it can't be seen. Consider using a combination of machine guns' '''stealth belt''' to range and lead the shots. Once the stealth fire reaches the target (hit marks), rapidly fire the cannons. This is useful because it helps to engage a plane without the noticeable tracers and generally provides a fast elimination because of the powerful cannons. Oftentimes, the enemy will react too late. A recommended convergence for this role is '''600-300 m'''. This is of course, always to pilot's discretion.

'''''Ground strike'''''

A more closer-to-action role; it will use the payloads available to annihilate enemy armoured forces. This role is very dependent on allied aerial superiority, so pay attention to the air before spawning heavily loaded.

The Hellcat will be in great danger during these attacks. It will fly below the coming enemy aircrafts, so time is key. Drop the bombs first since they are the heaviest yet deadliest ordnance. Then resort to your rockets, heavy machine-guns and cannons if necessary. The combination of 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs + 6 x HVAR rockets proves to be more than suitable for the task. Pilots can also go for the Tiny Tim rockets when powerful and directed firepower is needed. Pilots can freely choose individual payloads situationally and performance-wise.

Once the ordnance has been dropped, pilots are highly advised to return to base for rearming. Staying around patrolling the air is not the duty; this is because the Hellcat will often meet a lot of powerful enemies that outmatch it on speed and turn-time. Only those highly skilled and confident pilots can attempt to stay around dogfighting their way out.

Equipping '''ground target belt''' on both the cannons and machine-guns allows the Hellcat to destroy even more armour, resembling a true attack aircraft. A recommended convergence to attack with the mounted guns is '''600-800 m''' because it provides sufficient distance to fire safely.

The Tiny Tims can even be used to finish off an enemy base that has very little health remaining.

'''Naval battles'''

The F6F is an extremely capable naval fighter. The immense naval maps really suit him well. The armament of the Hellcat allows engaging many ships or boats. Larger ships as destroyers or cruisers will have a hard time seeing how this almost unstoppable plane dives straight to them; knowing the danger of torpedoes, bombs or the formidable Tiny Tim rockets.

Returning to base for more payload is a possibility, but on some large maps, it might be wiser to remain nearby allied shipping into a fighter role.

Similarly to ground battles, the F6F can turn into an interception and naval striking role.

'''''Naval strike'''''

An utmost task is to destroy enemy ships. The F6F-5N just like the earlier F6F-5 is packed with lots of payloads option. The HVAR rockets and the Tiny Tim rockets are notably useful for long-distance salvos; this is beneficial if the pilot does not want to risk the aircraft. The F6F-5N can carry a single Mk.13/44 torpedo which will prove deadly against any naval enemy. Using it effectively requires planning ahead of time, as simply charging straight at a ship will likely end up in a lost aircraft. Working around terrain such as islands and hills to sneak in close and dropping the torpedo at the latest possible time can result in a sunken ship and a living aircraft.

All the payloads the F6F-5N can carry are able to be used against naval targets, but they can place the aircraft into dangerous situations when attacking ships.

'''With the bombs, the pilot can perform several naval tactics for bombing:'''

* ''Skip bombing''
* ''Toss bombing''
* ''Glide bombing''
* ''Dive bombing''

'''Skip Bombing/Top-mast bombing'''

This is the lowest flying to the sea. Pilots are advised to fly as low and fast as possible, in a tactic is known as sea-skimming. Pilots must maintain top speed all the time (Remember MEC). This speed will be crucial to later allow the bomb to bounce like a rock in the water. Once a target is spotted, the pilot must find a good attack angle, where the Hellcat can close in, bounce the bombs and then retreat in a safe direction. Is equally important the bomb fuzing. Set a time around 4-6s.

This tactic is highly useful when the map's geography provides natural or solid cover. Using mountains, valleys or even allied ships to cover your harmful intentions.

'''Toss bombing'''

Here the Hellcat will fly higher from the target ship '''(600-900 m)'''. The intention is not to fly over it but obtain enough speed before reaching it so when closing at high speed, the Hellcat will pitch the plane's nose in the sky, releasing the bombs during this manoeuvre and back in the opposite direction.

The bombs will follow a parabolic trajectory and drop near or in the target.

'''Glide bombing'''

This is a high altitude '''(2,000-3,500 m)''' approach in which the Hellcat will dive for its target in a not very steep attacking angle (shouldn't be more than 45° angle). This tactic offers more controls since it is not needed to pull up as hard when compared to a full 90° dive-bombing. Time the drop, the moving of the ship and keep in mind the desired exit altitude. During this shallow dive, the plane must gather enough speed to exit the danger zone immediately. The Hellcat can withstand some outstanding 800 km/h, so do not exceed that limit.

'''Dive bombing'''

This is another high altitude approach in which you will need to enter the target's ship airspace, endure any anti-aircraft fire and perform a 90-75° pitch down aiming to the trajectory of the targeted ship. Due to the lack of any air brakes, this tactic is dangerous. Pilots should time their drop and exit the dive before it becomes too late for the F6F. This tactic offers the advantage of being one of the most precise bombings, especially against battleships. But is one of the riskier since it also exposes you to anti-aircraft fire during the dive.

Pilots are encouraged to practice these bombings and to choose wisely during different combat situations.

{{Notice
|Coordinate aerial attacks with allied aircrafts; many ships possess dozens of AA guns aiming right at you!
}}

'''''Air defence/Interception'' '''

Here the use of radar is remarkably important. Just like in real life, it helps the pilot with navigation and enemy early detection. Use it to anticipate targets and intercept them before they reach allied ships. On encounter mode and enduring confrontation, this is highly regarded due to the immensity of airspace and the vulnerable formation of cargo ships. Be the guarding eye for those merchant ships!

Pilots should fly really high; away from ships' computerized artillery predictors and flak fire. Speed and altitude are the first means of defence, so if attacked at such altitudes, pilots can choose to go into steep dive towards allied vessels or an allied base. Otherwise, they can rely on air manoeuvres. A good understanding of the enemy aircraft is beneficial to understand what to do.

===Arcade battles===
Here the Hellcat will only feel more powerful and faster but beware, the enemy planes too. The flight characteristics are well suited for smart dogfights and baiting. Firing with the guns become even more precise and lethal. Quite a lot of entertainment.

'''Air battles'''

The F6F can produce havoc on ground strike modes with the constant reload of bombs and rockets. They are useful to interdict enemy forces advancing to airfields. The 1,000 lb bombs have a devastating effect on ships and hardened structures, and especially on vehicles which are clustered in a compact area. Use your superior payloads to destroy them with ease while your team fights for the airfield. The agility of the aircraft makes it ideal to outfit rockets, which can be dropped if not needed.

The larger Tiny Tim rockets will pack a huge punch against heavily armoured vehicles or static defenses (such as heavy tanks or pillboxes) and ships. On ground strike/frontline mode, make those a priority target to help the team. HVAR rockets work best when reserved for lighter armoured vehicles some hardened concrete structures and bombers.

Oppositely, the Hellcat can be played without bombs and really high in the sky. Baiting enemies into a vertical stall then diving for them.

'''Naval battles'''

The Hellcat can serve both as a low-level fighter bomber and a high altitude fighter. With the bombsight allowing the F6F to predict the bomb drop, pilots can use that to top-attack big ships from really high altitudes (3-4 km). Diving then climbing back, the constant bombing will eventually land a fatal blow to enemy shipping.

Low-level fly is also effective while torpedoing or rocketing enemy shipping. Keep in mind the dangerous anti-air defences and the enemy fighter planes.

===Radars===
{{main|AN/APS-6}}
[[File:F6F 5N Cockpit Manual.png|thumb|right|320px|A page from the F6F Hellcat Pilot's Manual showing the differences found in the F6F-5N cockpit, with the radio altimeter indicator and radar scope being pointed out.]]The F6F-5N is equipped with an [[AN/APS-6]] search and tracking radar. The radar is mounted in a pod under the right wing tip.

During the night, the radar becomes an invaluable tool to seek out and destroy enemy aircraft. It is best to position the aircraft where targets can be detected from the side or rear aspect which allows the F6F-5N to follow them and shoot them down. Take note of the limited range of the radar and that targets may only be visible up to a few kilometers away. A helpful range setting for the radar is the 9.25 km (5.75 mi) scan distance, as further options can make it difficult to properly find and chase down targets. When moving in closer, switching to the 1.85 km (1.15 mi) scan distance can make it easier to stay on a target from behind as well as transition to the radar track mode.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | [[AN/APS-6]] - Target Detection Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Detection Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Guaranteed Detection Range|The range, below which, detection of a target is practically guaranteed}}
! {{Annotation|Max Azimuth Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Max Elevation Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
|-
| 60,000 m (theoretical) || 7,200 m || ±60° || ±60°
|-
! colspan="4" | [[AN/APS-6]] - Target Tracking Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
|-
| 1,000 m || 150 m || ±15° || ±15°
|-
|}

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 3 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

It is highly rewarding to learn and constantly apply MEC during Simulator and Realistic battles. The main instruments beneficial for the F6F are: propeller pitch, radiators, and superchargers.

*'''The propeller pitch''' will enable the F6F to reach higher top speeds. This is vital during pursuits or diving away; something in which the F6F is great at. They also provide increased thrust/lift and less speed when needed; for example during vertical slow speed dogfights

*'''The radiators''' lets the F6F cool down the engine and components during hot weather maps. While if closed, they reduce aerodynamic drag and increase the top speed. Watch out, prolonged closing of the radiators leads to overheating and ultimately, to engine damage.

*'''Superchargers ''' are an important piece of the MEC (even more for American planes), they will let the F6F reach superior high altitudes with a decent amount of speed even when fully loaded. They should only be used while climbing not during low altitude flights. Stage 1 is activated by default, stage 2 should be activated around 3-4 km of altitude. Stage 3 should be activated above 5-6 km of altitude. The hotter the temperature, the sooner this should be activated. If cold, it should be activated later at these altitudes. Pilots should maintain their eyes out to confirm their input affects performance positively and not negatively.

Once in combat, some pilots can choose whether to keep controlling everything manually and multitask, or they can set things back to automatic mode. Having manual control of the engine while on battle allows controlling the plane for the exact needs and desired pilot's tactics. While on auto mode, the pilot can focus efficiently only on the work outside the cabin without additional workload.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great variety of weapons for any map and mode; aerial combat, ground attack and maps with naval ships
* Decent initial turn
* Has a search and tracking radar
* Radar has an excelent range, very useful in EC
* Capable of operating from an aircraft carrier
* Competent high-altitude performance (3 Stage supercharger)
* High durability and efficient armour protection for the engine and the pilot

'''Cons:'''

* Overall worse fighter performance than F6F-5; playstyle varies
* Horrid energy retention
* Feels bricklike
* Poor climbrate
* Hopelessly outmatched on speed by enemy planes on the same BR, as the [[Bf 109 (Family)]]
* All manoeuvrability is drastically decreased by payloads

== History ==

[[File:F6F-5N- Historical photo.jpg|thumb|USS Ticonderoga (CV-14). Grumman F6F "Hellcat" fighters prepare to take off for strikes against targets in Manila Bay. The two leading planes are F6F-5N night fighters, with wing-mounted radar.|230x230px]]
The F6F-5N was a modification of the standard F6F-5 for use as a night fighter. This variant became available on the final phase of World war II (1944-1945). The United States' Marines and US NAVY used these variants along the F6F-5 in the Pacific Theater on a wide variety of roles such as air interception, ground strike and night patrolling.

{{Notice
|The F6F-5N was the highest produced US night fighter during WWII; exactly, 1,600 built}}

'''Technical specifications'''

The F6F-5N was a modification of the standard F6F-5 for use as a night fighter. These aircraft were fitted with additional equipment in the form of a radio altimeter and radar. The Westinghouse AN/APS-6 radar was installed on the starboard wing of the F6F-5N, with units being completed in middle and late 1944. The APS-6 served as a method to search and destroy hostile aircraft in conditions with zero visibility, with data being displayed in a standard B-scope view of the target azimuth on the x-axis and target range on the y-axis. Aside from target search and tracking, the APS-6 could also be used in a navigation role by tracking a radar emitter or beacon with a search range of up to 100 miles.<ref name="ibiblio" />

Due to the simplifications from the earlier AN/APS-4 radar, the APS-6 was small enough to be installed in single-engine aircraft which allowed for independent action among night fighters. Another feature of the F6F-5N was the Type GR-1 automatic pilot, which gave pilots the ability to maintain a stable flight attitude with minimal input.

Just as with the F6F-5, the -5N used the Pratt & Whitney R-2800-10W and had provisions to used a mixed armament of 2x 20 mm M2 cannons and 4x .50 cal Browning machine guns. The F6F-5N is noted as being one of the better American night fighters during World War II and was chosen to be a night fighter over other aircraft such as the F4U Corsair.<ref name="ibiblio" />

'''World War II Service''' [[File:F5F-5N Historical photo 3.jpg|thumb|300x300px|U.S. Marine Corps Grumman F6F-5N ''Hellcats'' of Marine Night Fighting Squadron 541 (VMF(N)-541) take off from Peleliu, in 1944.]]
The F5F-5N performed as an improved version of the F5F-5. It was widely used on defensive patrols over bases within the range of Japanese bombers and during night patrols guarding the Pacific's shipping routes.

One of the undeniably uses of the F5F-5N was by the; Marine Night Fighting Squadron 541 '''''(VMF(N)-541)''''' also known as the '''''Bat-eye Squadron'''''.

This squadron performed dozens of missions and night patrols over the whole Pacific; notably during the Philippines campaign. It was during the beginning of the campaign (Oct, 1944) where they had flown the 602 miles from their base on Peleliu in the Palau Islands. Their first mission provided cover for U.S. Navy PT-boats operating in the Surigao Strait.

The called presence of the Marines F6F-5N fighters was to provide necessary support against the weakened but still-resisting Japanese forces. One of their first tasks was to provide airstrikes over the Leyte Gulf during the climactic Battle of Leyte Gulf. Over these times, the foul weather and tropical storms complicated the air wars but even through that, Japanese bombers performed bombings damaging the ongoing operations. The Japanese night fighter, Nakajima Ki 43 ''Hayabusa'' known as '''''"Oscar"''''' by the Americans, also proved to be a serious threat. This was because it turned to be too fast for the available Army's P-61 ''Black Widow'' night fighters. Swift one-way dives by Japanese fighters performing ''Kamikaze attacks'' were also a concern

Around November, the general MacArthur ordered a switch. The F6F-5N of the Bat-eye squadron were to be transferred to Leyte where their high top-speed and good high-altitude performance was needed. It was here where the Marines saw combat against many enemies, both from Japanese Navy and Army air forces, even facing head-to-head versus the '''''"Zero"''''' themselves; Japanese forces commanded by the '''''Vice Admiral, Shigeru Fukudome'''''.

The ''Hellcats'' proved to be extremely effective due to many experiences at Peleliu. Around December, the '''''Bat-eye squadron''''' of Hellcats was busy performing dawn and even daylight patrols, ensuring safety to ships under their care. Achieving 12 air victories on a single day, (12 Dec) during the Battle of Ormoc Bay.

'''Lieutenant Paul Martinelli recollects:'''

''"During our brief deployment to the Philippines, we were constantly tasked with protecting our troops and ships. Early on the morning of December 12th, we took off in total darkness in what we figured would be another routine patrol. The division was led by Captain Thomson and during the early part of the patrol, one of our pilots developed engine trouble and returned to base." "That left three of us, and a few minutes later we were informed by radio that Japanese bombers were approaching the convoy of our Naval re-supply ships which were located off the southwest coast of Leyte. They were very vulnerable because the ships had only minimal anti-aircraft protection. We dropped our external fuel tanks and proceeded to the area. We quickly spotted the formation which consisted of about fifteen planes and they were below us, in the process of diving down on our ships. At that time, we heard our controller vector our other division toward the action."''

''"As soon as we saw the Jap planes, our 3-ship formation formed up into single file so each pilot could concentrate on a bogey to attack. We plowed into them and some were either in the process of pulling out of their dives or had their noses down in the midst of their bomb runs. I had already charged my six .50 caliber guns and switched on my gun sight, illuminating it on the small, flat, extra thick protective glass that was situated directly in front of my cockpit Plexiglas. All of the enemy aircraft appeared to be single-engine types (either Zeros or Vals)." ''

''"I focused on the nearest enemy plane which was a Zero. He had spotted me and made an effort to turn sharp to evade my rapid closure. Using water injection, I overtook him before he could execute any effective evasive moves. I was easily able to turn inside of the Zero gradually narrowing the angle to where I thought I had him. I kept fire one." was already at a low altitude over the water. Strangely, when he got down to about 1500 feet, he suddenly performed a slow barrel roll to the left. Such a maneuver would reduce his speed, allowing me to move closer to the range of my guns. Seconds later, he did another roll and by this time, I was close enough to fire a burst. I hit him before he had completed his roll and my rounds probably struck the pilot because his plane, now down to about 500 feet, did a descending roll to the left and plunged into the water. I made a low pass and saw no debris or fire."''

By the end of December 1944, the Army considered Leyte was efficiently in its control, thus the campaign to recapture the Philippines shifted into a second phase. At this time, VMF(N)-541 was released to return on 11 January 1945 to Peleliu.

Despite numerous adverse conditions and setbacks, such as foul weather, precarious airfields and many long-serving hours in days and night; two years after its Philippine operations, the Hellcat squadron received the ''Army's Distinguished Unit Citation'', '''the only Marine aviation unit to be so honoured during the war:'''

''The Marine Night Fighter Squadron 541 is cited for extraordinary performance of duty in action against the enemy at Leyte, Philippine Islands, from 3 to 15 December 1944. During a critical period in the fight for the control of the Philippine Islands, the pilots and ground crews of this unit signally distinguished themselves by the intrepidity and unyielding determination with which they overcame exceptionally adverse weather conditions and operational difficulties engendered by lack of facilities and incomplete radar directional coverage.''

''Their superb airmanship and daring resourcefulness displayed in outstanding night patrol and interception work, which forestalled destruction of airfield facilities, and in the completeness of cover provided for numerous vital convoys and Patrol Torpedo boat patrols, effectively thwarted enemy attempts to prevent consolidation and further expansion of the foothold gained by United States forces in the Philippines.''
[[File:Hellcat-Historical photo 2.jpg|thumb|300x300px|A Grumman F6F-5N ''Hellcat'' night fighter assigned to the Naval Air Station Jacksonville, Florida (USA), in 1944/45.]]
''Achieving a record unparalleled at that time, the unit, composed of but 15 aircraft and 22 pilots, flew 136 sorties totalling 298.6 combat hours, destroyed 18 enemy aircraft in aerial combat without unit loss or damage, and on numerous occasions pitted consummate skill and accuracy against overwhelming numerically superior enemy strength. The extraordinary performance of the air and ground personnel of the Marine Fighter Squadron 541 in overcoming the greatest of aerial hazards and maintenance difficulties reflects the highest credit on themselves and the military service of the United States.''

''BY ORDER OF THE SECRETARY OF WAR , Dwight D. Eisenhower ,Chief of Staff''

'''Post-war use'''

As the United States started to focus on Jet fighter technologies. The Hellcats in the US navy service outlasted pretty much entirely as the night-fighter variant; most of the other Hellcats variants became target tugs or controlled drones loaded with explosives. The Hellcat F6F-5N variant survived this decommissioning because it proved to be superior on flight performance to the newer F8F-2N night fighter. The F6F-5N was also sold to France.

Consequently, the F6F-5N remained in US service up to the Korean war in 1950, where it got replaced by the F4U-5N to fill the night fighter role. {{clear}}

== Media ==

<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:F6F_FN_and_Tiny_Tim.png|An underside view of a '''{{PAGENAME}}''' carrying two [[Tiny Tim]] rockets. These rockets had to be released before igniting so to clear the propeller arc.
File:F6F_FN_firing_Tiny_Tim.png|A view of a '''{{PAGENAME}}''' firing off a [[Tiny Tim]] rocket at an enemy target.
File:Tiny_Tim_shackle.png|A side view of the shackle connection of the [[Tiny Tim]] rocket to the external pylon of the '''{{PAGENAME}}'''.
</gallery>{{Youtube-gallery|UwJa-dIeeHI|Smithsonian's video about the F6F/F6F-5N}}

== See also ==


'''Shared operational history during World War II'''

* [[F6F-5]]
* [[F4U-4B]]
* F4U-4

'''Similar variants of this aircraft'''

* [[F6F-5 (France)|▄F6F-5]]
* [[F6F-5]]
* [[Hellcat Mk II (Great Britain)|▄Hellcat Mk II]]

'''Related development'''

* [[F4F (Family)|F4F]]

* [[F8F-1]]
* [[F8F-1B]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/341959-f6f-5n-hellcat/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* AviationShoppe link for '''[https://aviationshoppe.com/manuals/grumman_f6f_flight_manual/f6f.html Grumman F6F Hellcat Pilot's Manual]'''
* Ibiblio HyperWar link for '''[https://ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/ref/NightFighterRadars/USNFRadar2.html "The AN/APS-6 Aircraft Radar"]'''
* Aircraft Carriers: A History of Carrier Aviation and Its Influence on World Events, Volume II: 1946-2006, Norman Polmar, 2007
* And A Few Marines-Marines in the Liberation of the Philippines, PCN 19000314300, Captain John C. Chapin, USMCR (Ret), 2002

=== References ===
<references>
<ref name="ibiblio">"The AN/APS-6 Aircraft Radar" in ''Westinghouse in World War 2: Radio and X-ray Divsions,'' Westinghouse Electric & Mfg.Co., Inc, 1946.</ref>
</references>

{{AirManufacturer Grumman}}
{{USA fighters}}

F-89D

2021-01-25T17:55:49Z

U77972468: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = American jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other version
| link = F-89B
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=f-89d
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} American jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]].

The {{PAGENAME}} Scorpion was designed and built to be an all-weather interceptor intended to neutralize any potential invading Soviet bomber force. The USAAF was intent of replacing the P-61 Black Widow with another night fighter, one specifically which would fly faster (minimum 530 mph/850 kph) almost assuredly requiring the usage of jets, six sixty-calibre machine guns or 20 mm autocannons and armed with internally stored aerial rockets. To round out the aircraft for ground attack if needed, it would also need to accommodate 1,000 lb bombs and eight larger rocket types externally. Initial wind tunnel testing of the fighter determined that the proposed swept-wings were insufficient at slow speeds and were changed out with straight wings. Though causing a loss of high-end performance, increased stability at low speeds was necessary.

Other changes to the horizontal stabilizer also increased the effectiveness of the elevators and rudder. Concerns about the fuel tanks situated right over the engines were nullified when it was determined that efforts made by Northrop to protect them were considered sufficient, anything else would have required a complete redesign of the aircraft.

Other key features of the Scorpion was the usage of decelerons or clamshell-style split ailerons which work as a standard aileron, however, can open up as a dive brake or be utilized as a takeoff/landing flap. Last-minute changes by the Air Force required upgrading the engines and outfitting an afterburner, adding a radar system, fire control system, permanent wingtip fuel tanks, reconfigured nose guns and easy access to lower the entire engine to make for easier maintenance.

Having determined that the six autocannons originally specced with the F-89A and B models would be less effective against bomber formations as it requires relative precision to damage or destroy the enemy bombers. On the other hand, a new requirement for the F-89 to house 104 Folding-Fin Mighty Mouse Aerial Rockets and underwing HVAR rockets would allow the F-89 (now designated as the {{PAGENAME}}) the ability to launch salvos of rockets and quickly targeting another bomber to launch more and allow for the potential of one or more rockets in the salvo to accomplish the required amount of damage necessary to destroy them or cause them to turn around and retreat. Though unguided and not terribly accurate, a salvo of rockets typically allowed for one or two rockets to explode near enough to be a successful hit.

To aid in the aerodynamics of the rocket launchers, they were outfitted around the wing-tip fuel tanks. Engineered so that the launching rockets would not damage the fuel tanks, the underwing still allowed for the mounting of the larger HVAR rockets to be used against bombers, but also along with the FFAR rockets be used against ground targets. The {{PAGENAME}} though best used with higher speeds, can be used as a dive-bomber of sorts, when going against ground targets, the fighter should throttle back, extend dive brakes, line up the shot and fire the rockets. Immediately when finished firing, retract the brakes and full-throttle the engines to gain speed and distance from any enemy fighters which may have targeted you.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The {{PAGENAME}} has probably the best acceleration for its BR, but mediocre turn rate and rolling. It locks up around 900 km/h. The plane can reach rip speeds in level flight and even shallow climbs.

Considering its mediocre turn rate & rolling speed, it's best used as a boom & zoomer.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,200 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,009 || 1,002 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 33.3 || 34.8 || 31.1 || 26.7 || rowspan="2" | 1,036
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,034 || 1,022 || 32.7 || 33.0 || 47.5 || 38.9
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 554 || 448 || 379 || ~7 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 760 || < 800 || < 700 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Allison J35-A-35 || 2
| colspan="3" | 12,509 kg || colspan="3" | 318 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 21m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 60m fuel || 70m fuel
|-
| 1,300 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
| 14,158 kg || 14,850 kg || 16,002 kg || 17,162 kg || 17,923 kg || 20,301 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 21m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 60m fuel || 70m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 2,303 kgf || 3,051 kgf
| 0.43 || 0.41 || 0.38 || 0.36 || 0.34 || 0.30
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 2,350 kgf (100 km/h) || 3,237 kgf (800 km/h)
| 0.46 || 0.44 || 0.40 || 0.38 || 0.36 || 0.32
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The {{PAGENAME}} is quite a sturdy machine and won't crash from regular hits, both of the pilots in the cockpit have control over the plane, so if one is knocked out, you can still fly him safe home. Not only are there two pilots in this machine, but also two engines, which if one of them is shot out, the other can still thrust you back to safety for repairs.

Losing a wing tip isn't a problem as you can still fly with it, with minor compensation for aerodynamics. The thing that will mostly bring you down if you get caught in a firefight will be loss of control surfaces. So as long as you still are able to control your plane, you're good to go.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|FFAR Mighty Mouse|HVAR}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 104 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 104 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets + 16 x HVAR rockets
* 104 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets M439

The {{PAGENAME}} is unique in its weapons loadout and stands out in a class of its own with the F-86D Sabre Dog in that the only weapons found on the fighter/interceptor are unguided aerial rockets (both FFAR and HVAR). It is not the intention of this aircraft to dogfight other fighters, instead its purpose is to was to eliminate Soviet bombers. The {{PAGENAME}} when given the clearance, would zoom-climb to bomber altitude with its afterburners engaged and then would utilise its Folding-Fin Aerial Rockets (Mighty Mouse) by shooting salvos (with 104 total rockets on board, a few could be fired off or a large amount) at inbound bomber aircraft. The rockets would spread out similar to how a shotgun works and the result should be enough rockets make contact or explode near the bombers to take them out. While these unguided rockets may not be accurate, with the amount on-board, many can be fired to increase the interceptor's chances of hitting. The HVAR rockets are larger and only a few are mounted under the wings. These rockets should be reserved for the larger and slower bombers, notwithstanding there are less to work with which decreases the chances to hit compared to the FFARs.

While the {{PAGENAME}} was built and configured for aerial interception and destruction of aircraft, the rockets, both FFAR and HVAR can be utilised on ground targets too. The {{PAGENAME}} is outfitted with decelerons which double as speed brakes which open up in a clam-shell style. The Scorpion can dive on ground targets, engage the dive brakes, line up the target and then unleash either the FFAR or HVAR rockets depending on the target types. With the 104 FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets, enemy vehicles which are clustered together are an excellent target to unleash salvos of rockets at. Another opportunity is during domination maps, the rockets come in very handy for taking out aircraft which are attempting to cap the airfield as the rocket spread does not need to be super accurate to still achieve a critical hit or destruction of the aircraft capping the airfield.

== Usage in battles ==

There's two ways to play the {{PAGENAME}}, either as a ground pounder or as fighter with irregular ammunition, being proxy fuse FFAR's

==== Ground pounder ====
When taking the {{PAGENAME}} as a ground pounder, the preferable loadout would be taking all the rockets possible, 104 FFAR's + 16 HVAR's. Pay close attention as the HVAR's fire first before making use of the HVAR's. Exploit the fact that the {{PAGENAME}} is among the fastest accelerating for its battle rating and when arriving near targets will be quite relaxing as your enemies will still be on their way towards you.

Be warned considering the fact that the FFAR pods are quite far away from each other and targeting isn't as easy as using the HVAR's, firing in salvo's is advised, and having 104 rockets will be plenty enough before you have to re-arm. Hit as much as you can and run away as soon as enemies are coming for your cannonless machine.

==== Fighter ====
The best way to achieve kills in the {{PAGENAME}} is by taking the proximity-fuse FFAR's and playing it by boom and zooming, making great use of the high acceleration and fast climb rate. The rockets are quite inaccurate because of the fact they're spread out so much, so shooting in salvo's is strongly advised. Although extremely deadly in a head-on, rockets are however heavily/moderately affected by RNG, giving mixed results: sometimes they can annihilate and other times you can get hit after hit.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very strong in a down-tier
* Fearsome rocket armament, both Mighty Mouse and HVARs
* Decent high-speed manoeuvrability
* Dual-engine, can fly with one (though, head back to base!)
* Targeting radar equipped
* Bomber interceptor or ground attacker role capable
* Armament will be able to easily destroy enemy planes in a head-on
* Use of decelerons as ailerons, dive brakes (clamshell-type) or flaps
* Often fights slower WW2 jets

'''Cons:'''

* No autocannon armament
* Rockets are inaccurate, odds increased when launched in salvos
* Not very manoeuvrable at low speeds
* Large target wing-surface
* Heavy wing-tips, losing one throws the aircraft off balance
* Not as nimble as single-engine MiGs
* Hated plane, will be a high priority aircraft

== History ==

[[File:F-89D_fulzy_nyan.jpg|450px|thumb|right|'''{{PAGENAME}}''' at cruising altitude.]]
Almost immediately after WWII, the Nothrop Corporation began developing an experimental jet fighter-interceptor to meet the new requirements for that class of aircraft. The American interceptor's primary targets were supposed to be Soviet bombers, so the projected model's flight characteristics and armament had to meet this objective. At first the two-seater twin-engine jet was developed to have a rather interesting four gun turret. This turret was to be mounted on the aircraft's nose and could fire on targets either automatically or manually along a vertical plane either forward, up, down or, in some cases, backward. However, when the experimental model of the aircraft was ready, the turret still hadn't undergone testing yet, so the military decided to install traditional static frontal guns on it, as well as HVARs on the wing pylons. It was with this loadout that the Scorpion F-89A and F-89B went into service. The armament was switched exclusively to rockets somewhat later. To make the change to rockets, the designers implemented an interesting solution: Mighty Mouse unguided rockets were installed on the front of the wing-mounted fuel tanks in such a way that the rocket and fuel sections of this part of the design were separated by a fireproof barrier. This also made it possible to install heavier, more destructive HVARs under the wing. The F-89D or "rocket" version of the Scorpion went on to become the most widespread version of the aircraft in the US air force – 682 of them were manufactured.

''- From [[wt:en/news/6371-development-f-89b-and-f-89d-scorpion-jet-bros-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=usa&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=fighter&vehicle=f-89d Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed">
File:F_89d_wallpaper001.jpg
File:F_89d_wallpaper002.jpg
File:F_89d_wallpaper003.jpg
File:F_89d_wallpaper004.jpg
File:F_89d_wallpaper005.jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|Z0Nl-ElBi0A|'''Proximity anti-air rockets - R.I.P. everything''' - ''PhlyDaily''}}

== See also ==


* [[F-89B]] - Cannon-armed variant of the jet.

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6371-development-f-89b-and-f-89d-scorpion-jet-bros-en|[Development] F-89B and F-89D Scorpion: Jet Bros]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/463055-f-89d-scorpion/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Northrop}}
{{USA jet aircraft}}
{{USA premium aircraft}}

B7A2

2020-12-08T12:38:50Z

U77972468: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card|code=b7a2}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.37]].

The Allied reporting name for this aircraft was "Grace".

The B7A2 was designed as a carrier-based dive/torpedo bomber. For an aircraft of its size, it has exceptionally good manoeuvrability, on par with the A6M Zero. Therefore it can be used in the fighter role as well, since its two 20 mm cannons perform very well against all other aircraft. When using the B7A2 in either dive or torpedo bombing, it is important to not rely on the B7A2's defensive gunner if an enemy is approaching. The B7A2 can quickly outmanoeuvre most American and Russian aircraft so use this to your advantage if you're being intercepted. You will then be able to quickly tail your enemy, and be able to engage them with your forward firing cannons. As the aircraft is seen, it is a very big target, with minimal armour. This is why it is important to not rely on your defensive gunner. In addition, the B7A2 does not have a very good climb rate, and works best at lower altitudes. Getting your guns on target can also be a pain, especially when traveling at higher speeds since the B7A2's roll rate is very poor. Most enemies are able to easily out roll the B7A2, giving them a distinct advantage in a dogfight. Nonetheless, many pilots do not expect death to come from a dive bomber.

The B7A2 wields two 20 mm Type 99 mk 2 cannons placed in the wings. Since the B7A2 can be used as a multi-purpose aircraft, the B7A2's weapons will also serve those roles. Equipping the ground targets belt for the 20 mm cannons can be helpful if attacking targets like light pillboxes or light tanks. The Ryusei is also capable of equipping the "Stealth" belt which is composed entirely of HEF and API shells. This belt is the best choice for air to air combat. The B7A2 pilot should remember to set his or her gun convergence lower than 400 meters to take down enemy fighters effectively. Since the cannons themselves are a fair ways apart from each other on the actual aircraft, having a low gun convergence ensures each round hits a single point on a target.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,550 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 542 || 525 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 28.8 || 29.6 || 7.3 || 7.3 || rowspan="2" | 270
|-
! Upgraded
| 594 || 565 || 26.7 || 28.0 || 17.7 || 10.4
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 480 || 480 || 280 || ~13 || ~13
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===


* 13 mm steel plate in the nose
* Fuel tanks are not self-sealing (3 in each wing)

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|Type 99 Model 2 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm Type 99 Model 2 cannons, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 400 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|Navy Type 97 Number 6 (60 kg)|Navy Type 98 Number 25 (250 kg)|Navy Type Number 80 Model 1 (800 kg)|Type 91 Model 3 (850 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 10 x 60 kg Navy Type 97 Number 6 bombs (600 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg Navy Type 98 Number 25 bombs + 4 x 60 kg Navy Type 97 Number 6 bombs (740 kg total)
* 1 x 800 kg Navy Type Number 80 Model 1 bomb (800 kg total)
* 1 x 850 kg Type 91 Model 3 torpedo

=== Defensive armament ===

{{main|Type 2 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 13 mm Type 2 machine gun, dorsal turret (1,000 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

The Ryusei is best utilized as a multi-role aircraft, similar to the role the [[Ju 87 D-5]] plays. Once its payload is dropped, the B7A2 becomes a low altitude, low-speed dogfighter similar to an A6M. In realistic battles, the B7A2 is often paired with aircraft such as the [[A6M3]], [[A6M3 mod. 22]], and [[A6M3 mod. 22Ko]]. If unable to shake an enemy off your tail, these "Zeroes" can be relied on as they have impressive low altitude capabilities.

Payload choice is dependent on target choice. If the target is a light pillbox, for instance, one does not need an 800 kg bomb. Instead, equip either of the other bomb loadout options. The same goes for most ground units, apart from arcade mini bases. The Ryusei is similar to aircraft such as the [[Ki-49-IIa]] in that it can "hover" above an enemy base or airfield, rapidly dropping its payload and diving up to altitude again. Since the B7A2 is a dive bomber, it does not have to be level to drop its payload accurately. The Ryusei's ability to "hover" above enemy mini bases and airfields can be a great help to any arcade battles team. Upgrading the crew reload speed makes this aircraft a potential game-winner, especially when in a squad.

Similar to the [[Ju 87 D-5]], the Ryusei's airspeed is not on par with the aircraft it faces, no matter the game mode. This handicaps the B7A2 to playing solely a support role, only being able to engage the aircraft it can catch. Nonetheless, having a B7A2 on any team, no matter the game mode, never hurts.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! Survivability
! colspan="2" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Radiator
|
| Turret 13 mm
| 17 3/4 in (mod45)
|-
| II
|
| Compressor
| Airframe
| New 13 mm MGs (turret)
| 12 in (mod30)
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
|
| Offensive 20 mm
| 14 in (mod35)
|-
| IV
|
| Engine injection
| Cover
| New 20 mm cannons
|
|-
|}

Since the B7A2 is a multi-role aircraft any module research path is viable. Unlocking performance modules will boost survivability and damage potential in dogfights, whereas unlocking armament modules will help with the ground attack. Some of the best modules to unlock are the "Engine injection" and "Offensive 20 mm belts".

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Handling and performance on par with the A6M Reisen
* Really good vertical turn rate (catches many oponents off guard)
* Forward-firing 2 x 20 mm cannons
* Defensive 13.2 mm gunner for protection
* Performs well at low altitudes
* Can equip a heavy payload
* Can use bomber spawn and hunt bombers
* 800 kg bomb excellent for taking out destroyers or even light cruisers

'''Cons:'''

* Large aircraft, easy to hit
* Cannot handle damage very well
* Slow acceleration
* Lots of bars in the cockpit canopy, hinders visibility
* Cannot perform high-speed manoeuvres
* Very slow roll rate
* Poor rate of climb
* Gunner is prone to be knocked out

== History ==

Two-seat carrier-based Aichi B7A2 Ryusei "Shooting Star" or "Meteor" Torpedo/Dive Bomber (Allied reporting name: Grace). The B7A was an answer to a specification for a carrier-based torpedo/dive bomber in 1941. It was intended to replace B6N and D4Y, having an internal and external payload, increased speed and long-range. Some of the design features of the B7A include; inverted gull-wings, conventional fuselage, and tail unit and a four-bladed propeller. During its development, it went through a series of shortcomings, such as the delivery of engines, and an accidental earthquake which destroyed the main factory housing most of the B7A's. Thus not seeing active service until 1944. By this time, there were no aircraft carriers capable of operating the B7A. The last aircraft carrier being the Shinano was sunk 10 days after its commission. The B7A2 was then forced to operate in home-defence operations, seeing limited service.

Known as the AM-23 within Aichi, the first prototype was completed and flown in May 1942 which was designated the B7A1 by the Navy. The B7A used the Nakajima NK9C 12 Model radial engine, producing 1,825 hp. This gave the aircraft exceptionally good speed, even when fully loaded with ammunition and bombs. During flight testing, the Navy was very impressed with its performance. Despite it being a very large light bomber, the B7A1 displayed handling and performance comparable to the Mitsubishi's A6M Zero and a further 8 prototypes were ordered. However, with more testing underway, it was noted that the engine (which was experimental as well) suffered teething problems, and the airframe of the aircraft needed modifying structurally. It was not until two years later that the B7A would begin production in 1944.

Up until May 1945, 80 B7A2's had been completed. But soon after, a severe earthquake occurred, destroying the factory housing the aircraft that were being assembled. A further 25 more examples were completed by another factory. Throughout the B7A2's service, different variants were planned. Firstly, was an experimental production B7A2, that was fitted with the Nakajima Homare 23 radial engine, producing 2,000 hp. Only 1 was built. Secondly, came the B7A3 Ryusei-Kai. This was to use the Mitsubishi Ha-43 radial engine producing 2,200 hp but it was not built. Lastly, came the B8A1 Mokusei "Planet". This was to have no carrier equipment and no gull wings. In addition, 2 x Type 99 20mm cannons were to be replaced with 2 x Type 5 30mm cannons. The B8A remained on the drawing board before the war ended, with no mock-up even though it was accepted to be built.

In all, 9 B7A1's, and 105 B7A2's were produced. 114 in total.

Katori Naval Air Base, Chiba-Prefecture, Japan, May 1945
 - ''752nd Naval Air Group''

Kanogawa-Prefecture, Japan, April 1945
 - ''Yokosuka Naval Air Group''

== Media ==


* [http://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?q=%23b7a2 '''Skins''' and camouflages for the B7A2 Ryusei from http://live.warthunder.com]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [http://www.aviastar.org/air/japan/aichi_b7a.php [aviastar.org<nowiki>]</nowiki> Aichi B7A Ryusei / Grace]
* [http://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=442 [MilitaryFactory.com<nowiki>]</nowiki> Aichi B7A Ryusei (Grace)]
* [https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/aichi-b7a2-ryusei-shooting-star-grace/nasm_A19630360000 [Smithsonian NASM<nowiki>]</nowiki> Aichi B7A2 Ryusei (Shooting Star) GRACE]
* [http://www.hyperscale.com/features/2000/graceir_1.htm [HyperScale.com<nowiki>]</nowiki> Aichi B7A2 Ryusei Kai "Grace"]
* [http://www.hyperscale.com/2013/reviews/kits/sword72069reviewmd_1.htm [HyperScale.com<nowiki>]</nowiki> Aichi B7A2 Ryusei Kai (Grace)]

{{AirManufacturer Aichi}}
{{Japan bombers}}

R2Y2 Kai V2

2020-12-08T12:35:43Z

U77972468: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card|code=r2y2_v2}}
{{About
| about = Japanese jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = R2Y2 (Family)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.43]].

Even though the R2Y2s are able to equip 800 kg bombs, they wield a powerful set of 4 x 30 mm Type 5 cannons, mounted in the nose. This aircraft trio is similar to the Me 262 series as they all lack an engine or propeller in the front of the plane. Thus, the R2Y2 and its German counterpart wield an impressive set of cannons. However, unlike the legendary slow-firing, low muzzle velocity Mk-108s in the 262, the R2Y2 series wields Type 5 cannons with a much larger ammunition pool. Although their rates of fire are comparable, this fact of a higher ammunition count allows the R2Y2 to be able to destroy large amounts of aircraft without having to return to base. In arcade battles, having a large ammunition pool is also useful as it will often be unnecessary to reload.

The R2Y2 series of aircraft features a devastating battery of weapons mounted centrally within the nose. Much like the [[Me_262_A-1a|Me 262]], the lack of a piston engine mounted within the nose allows for much larger cannons to be placed within the space it would have occupied. 4 x 30 mm [[Type 5 navy (30 mm)|Type 5]] cannons with an ammo load of 600 rounds (150 rounds per gun) means the R2Y2 is effective at almost any role it is played as. Attacker or interceptor, the R2Y2 is an effective multi-role aircraft for the Japanese at rank V.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 833 || 809 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 30.9 || 31.5 || 16.4 || 15.3 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| 892 || 863 || 29.4 || 30.0 || 23.9 || 20.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 520 || 520 || 320 || ~10 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 650 || < 600 || < 680 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Mitsubishi Ne-330 || 2
| colspan="3" | 5,400 kg || colspan="3" | 243 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 14m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 49m fuel
|-
| 830 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 6,120 kg || 6,405 kg || 6,881 kg || 7,594 kg || 7,784 kg || 9,950 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 14m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 49m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 1,220 kgf || N/A
| 0.40 || 0.38 || 0.35 || 0.32 || 0.31 || 0.25
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 1,220 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.40 || 0.38 || 0.35 || 0.32 || 0.31 || 0.25
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|Type 5 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 30 mm Type 5 cannons, nose-mounted (150 rpg = 600 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|Navy Type Number 80 Model 1 (800 kg)|Navy Type 99 Number 80 AP (800 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 1 x 800 kg Navy Type Number 80 Model 1 bomb (800 kg total)
* 1 x 800 kg Navy Type 99 Number 80 AP bomb (800 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==

The R2Y2 is best utilized as a medium-altitude fighter in all game modes. Due to its lacklustre acceleration, gaining airspeed as early as possible is crucial. Once the R2Y2 pilot loses his or her speed, they are easy prey for fast-accelerating planes like the [[F7F-1|F7F]]. It is important to always have a high speed when attacking enemies as they will often be able to slot in on your tail in a matter of seconds. This short time can be a matter of life or death as many fast-turning propeller aircraft such as the Spitfire wield impressive armaments with high burst masses. However, these advantages can be nullified once the R2Y2 pilot has the ability to dive away at high speeds.

If tailed, it can often be difficult to evade enemies with this aircraft, jet engines or not. Many propeller planes like the [[Tempest_Mk_II|Tempest]] can easily stay with a diving R2Y2. If found in this situation, the R2Y2 pilot has a few choices. One, the best method is to call for teammate assistance. Not only can one keep the enemy greedy and focused on his or her tail, but this pilot can also "set up" that enemy for a teammate to destroy. If found alone, it can be possible to catch propeller planes in a "speed trap" where once the jet starts to outrun the enemy, pitch up to gain altitude. Once the enemy prop stalls out, dive on them. If the first pass doesn't result in a massive fuel fire and explosion, set up the same approach as before. Even if the propeller plane has the ability to outmanoeuvre the R2Y2, it is still very daunting to have to dodge an aircraft armed with four 30 mm cannons.

The R2Y2 can also be beneficial to any Japanese or arcade battles team as a ground attacker. Its 30 mm Type 5 cannons have the ability to equip armour-piercing rounds which are capable of destroying light tanks, medium tanks, and light pillboxes, among other targets. This coupled with the single 800 kg bomb can cause some serious damage.

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! Flight performance
! Survivability
! Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
|
| Offensive 30 mm
|-
| II
|
| Airframe
|
|-
| III
| Wings repair
|
| New 30 mm cannons
|-
| IV
| Engine
| Cover
|
|-
|}

* The R2Y2's biggest downfall is its speed.
* Start by unlocking the performance modules first, as they will increase survivability more so than any armament upgrades.
* Being able to use the "Stealth" belt for the 30 mm cannons is a huge advantage over Tracer and Universal, provided the pilot can aim, as the Tracer shells halve the HE fillers.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 4 x 30 mm Type 5 cannons mounted in the nose with a very generous ammo count of 600 rounds
* Very manoeuvrable for an early jet
* Frequently faces prop aircraft and early jets
* Clear cockpit with good all-round vision (excellent for simulator battle pilots in particular)
* Often fights prop aircraft in SB
* 800 kg AP bomb can instant-kill heavily armoured tanks in Ground Forces

'''Cons:'''

* Poor acceleration (although is decent at low speed)
* No armour protection whatsoever on the aircraft
* Limited bomb selection if used as an Attacker/Jet Bomber
* Easy target
* Sometimes difficult to line up guns
* Poor rate of roll

== History ==

The R2Y2 was a jet-powered version of the R2Y1 designed by Kugisho. Known as the Keiun or Keiun-Kai ("Beautiful Cloud" in Japanese) the aircraft would be a high-speed jet-bomber/attacker that could be used in the defence of the home islands of the Japanese empire. The powerplant of the jet Keiun-Kai would be a pair of Mitsubishi Ne-330 turbojet engines mounted in pods located, with one under each wing. Compared to the [[R2Y2 Kai V1|Version 1]], the V2 features the jet's air-intakes in the wing roots and the engine in the tail-beam similar to the [[F9F-5|F9F]]. The major advantage of this setup is the reduced air drag resulting in both better top speed and better acceleration. With the increased height less lawn and small stones can enter the jet engines, a common problem in WW2 as most military airports were plain lawn fields. However, the big disadvantage is increased maintenance time form the far more complicated engine arrangement. Further storage places for fuel get sparse. The last version [[R2Y2_Kai_V3|V3]] would feature a nose-mounted air-intake with the engines remaining centrally mounted within the fuselage.

[[File:FighterImage_R2Y2-Keiun-Kai-V2-2.jpg|thumbnail|right|The fuselage-mounted engine configuration of the V2]]

The Y-40 project began with failure of the Kugisho R1Y1 (Y-30) project for a fast, high-speed reconnaissance aircraft. The development of that project, along with inspiration from the German Heinkel He 119, the R2Y (Y-40) project was developed. Initially intended as a fast reconnaissance aircraft with a long-range that could be operated from land bases across the Japanese Empire, that would avoid interception with high-speed flight, however, Kugisho also informed the IJN that the aircraft could be adapted to other roles. They proposed that the planned Aichi Ha-70 engine powerplant of the R2Y1 could be replaced by a pair of Mitsubishi Ne-330 turbojet engines. Nonetheless, work on the R2Y1 continued, however, it proved troublesome due to the Aichi powerplant. Issues with the R2Y1 airframe, its powerplant and interference from American bombing prevented the development of the project past the piston-engined variant. By April 1945 the first prototype of the Keiun was ready for initial trials, with the first flight in early May of the same year. The R2Y1 suffered engine-cooling issues during its early development, and fire occurred during ground-testing that would damage the aircraft and its powerplant.

This would not be the only disaster of the project, as the first prototype was completely destroyed by a bombing raid, further damaging the R2Y's chances of ever becoming an operational aircraft. The second R2Y1 prototype was still under construction at the time of the Japanese surrender on August 15th and the R2Y2 remained on the drawing board.

===V2 variant===
The R2Y2 V2 would feature a redesigned configuration that would also be proposed on in the [[R2Y2_Kai_V3|V3]]. Rather than having the Ne-330 engines mounted in pods under the wings (as was the case with most contemporary jets at the time) the V2 featured the engines mounted within the fuselage and the wing roots featuring an air intake leading to them. As such, the profile of the aircraft changes significantly compared to the [[R2Y2_Kai_V1|V1]]. This redesign of the R2Y1 was not chosen due to the extra cost per unit.

== Media ==

[[File:FighterImage_Shot-2014.06.12-16.54.05.jpg|thumbnail|none|R2Y2 V2]]

== See also ==


* [[wt:en/devblog/current/634|[Devblog] R2Y2 Keiun-Kai V1, V2, V3]]

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Yokosuka}}
{{Japan jet aircraft}}

B5N2

2020-12-03T11:48:32Z

U77972468: Rewrote some sentences and added some pros and cons.

{{Specs-Card|code=b5n2}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese naval bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

The Allied reporting name for this aircraft was "Kate".

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,600 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 362 || 347 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 19.7 || 20.4 || 3.7 || 3.7 || rowspan="2" | 270
|-
! Upgraded
| 400 || 378 || 18.6 || 19.4 || 12.1 || 6.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 420 || 420 || 280 || ~11 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 300 || < 300 || < 310 || > 300
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 2,500 m || 950 hp || 1,081 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===


* No armour
* Non-self-sealing fuel tanks (2 in each wing)

== Armaments ==
=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|Navy Type 97 Number 6 (60 kg)|Navy Type 98 Number 25 (250 kg)|Navy Type Number 25 Model 2 (250 kg)|Navy Type 99 Number 80 AP (800 kg)|Navy Type Number 80 Model 1 (800 kg)}}
{{main|Type 91 Model 3 (850 kg)|Type 91 Model 2 (835 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 6 x 60 kg Navy Type 97 Number 6 bombs (360 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg Navy Type Number 25 Model 2 bombs (500 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg Navy Type 98 Number 25 bombs (500 kg total)
* 1 x 800 kg Navy Type Number 80 Model 1 bomb (800 kg total)
* 1 x 800 kg Navy Type 99 Number 80 AP bomb (800 kg total)
* 1 x 835 kg Type 91 Model 2 torpedo
* 1 x 850 kg Type 91 Model 3 torpedo

=== Defensive armament ===

{{main|Type 92 (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 7.7 mm Type 92 machine gun, dorsal turret (1,000 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==


The B5N2 is a Japanese torpedo-bomber that is lacking in offensive armaments and is defended by a single [[Type 92 (7.7 mm)|7.7 mm Type 92]] machine gun at the back, which makes it lacking in defence against enemy pursuers. Its greatest weapon is not the speed to outrun enemy fighters but its maneuverability and ability to do tight turns against most enemy aircraft till help arrives from the team.

The B5N2 might lack in offensive weaponry such as machine guns and cannons but it has a great variety of payload from 60 kg bombs to 800 kg bombs and even torpedoes in its arsenal to take out ground and naval targets with. Coming with 2 different 800 kg bombs, its important to pick the one most suitable for the mission, preferably the [[Navy Type Number 80 Model 1 (800 kg)|Navy Type Number 80 Model 1]] over the [[Navy Type 99 Number 80 AP (800 kg)|Navy Type 99 Number 80 AP]], with the benefit that the [[Navy Type Number 80 Model 1 (800 kg)|Type Number 80 Model 1]] has a better blast radius and more explosive power than the [[Navy Type 99 Number 80 AP (800 kg)|Type 99 Number 80 AP]] bomb which is good at taking out a single heavily armoured target. It also come with two different sets of 250 kg bombs that can be dropped one by one and are preferable when striking at two different targets than a singular 800 kg.

Against naval targets, it's most preferred to use the [[Type 91 Mod.2]] and [[Type 91 Mod.3]] to deal with the sailors, keep in mind to dive and get fast speed to quickly get in and out of engagement with a warship or patrolboat to minimize the risk of being shot down. But when doing a dive attack to get the speed its important to not go over the speed limit where the B5N2 can drop the torpedoes without having them explode in the water on contact which would make the attack futile.

Every enemy should be seen as a serious threat to the B5N2, as it does not have an offensive armament. The only thing the plane has when it comes to armament is 1 7.7 mm machine gun, which is not a reliable way to fend off enemies with it lacks damage and doesn't offer the best coverage, but at 1.7 it might be enough to scare off ill-armoured biplanes.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! Survivability
! colspan="2" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Radiator
|
|
| 17 3/4 in (mod45)
|-
| II
|
| Compressor
| Airframe
| Turret 7 mm
| Improved torpedo
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
|
|
| 12 in (mod30)
|-
| IV
|
| Engine injection
| Cover
| New 7 mm MGs (turret)
| 14 in (mod35)
|-
|}

* When upgrading this plane focus on getting the payload especially the torpedo modification. This is due to the high chance Japan has to get naval maps.
* After you've unlocked all the possible torpedoes, it is recommended that you research the flight performance modules first, as the aircraft has very little defensive and offensive capabilities.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fast and maneuverable (powered by Nakajima Sakae 11 14 Cylinder Radial, the same engine in the A6M)
* Can outrun or outturn most fighters it faces
* Excellent elevator and rudder authority
* Wide variety of bombs and torpedoes + bombsight for any kind of situation

'''Cons:'''

* Poor roll rate
* No offensive armament
* Weak defensive armament (only one 7.7 mm machine gun)
* No armour or bulletproof glass to protect the pilot or crew, as with many Japanese planes
* Tremendous fuel load means this plane is prone to fuel tank fires especially any hits to the wing roots (where the fuel tanks are located)

== History ==

The Nakajima B5N2 (Allied code name: Kate) was a plane first flown in January 1937 for the Imperial Japanese Navy. About ~1149 Nakajima B5N Torpedo bombers were made for the Japanese Navy. It would see service in World war 2 and was the Japanese Navy's primary torpedo bomber for the early part of World war 2. The Nakajima B5N Torpedo bomber was credited with the sinking of three US Carriers the USS Lexington CV-2, USS Yorktown CV-6 and USS Hornet CV-8. One of the most notable pilot of the B5N is Mitsuo Fuchida, who led the first wave of aircraft during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.

Although a total of 5,928 B5Ns were built, none survived the war. Two B5N's are know to exist, both made from wreckage's. One can be seen at the Pearl Harbor Memorial, it is missing it's tail, left wing, engine, canopy, and a few other parts.

=== In-game description ===
Before the advent of the B5N, Japan used the B2M and B4Y as torpedo biplanes. However, the significant limitations of biplanes were obvious, so in 1935, inspired by the monoplane A5M fighter, the Imperial Japanese Navy developed the 10-Shi torpedo bomber specification.

Nakajima and Mitsubishi participated in the competition. Nakajima decided to incorporate many new ideas in their B5N design. The prototype had a hydraulic wing-folding system so that the plane could be stored on an aircraft carrier, and Fowler flaps were used to improve stability while landing. In addition, the B5N had a hydraulic retractable landing gear system.

Although Mitsubishi also received an order for production of its own B5M torpedo bomber, the Nakajima model won the contest and in 1937 was accepted as a production model carrier-based torpedo bomber.

To create a production model, however, some changes had to be made in the prototype's design. The wing-folding system was changed to a manual one, and the flaps were replaced with conventional ones.

In 1939, the B5N2 was developed. It differed from its predecessor in its more powerful and reliable Sakae engine, which produced 1000 hp instead of the Hikari 3's 770.

At the beginning of World War II, the B5N torpedo series had no worthy competitors among Allied aircraft and made a great showing in the attack on Pearl Harbor, as well as in subsequent operations, where B5N forces sank four U.S. aircraft carriers within one year.

A total of 5,928 B5Ns were built.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Nakajima}}
{{Japan bombers}}

P.108A serie 2

2020-08-21T09:46:57Z

U77972468: Added 2 pros

{{Specs-Card|code=p_108a_serie2}}
{{About
| about = Italian attacker '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| and
| usage = the bombers
| link-1 = P.108B serie 1
| link-2 = P.108B serie 2
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian attacker {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.69 "Regia Aeronautica"]]. It features a 102 mm cannon in its fuselage, one of the largest armament placed onto an aircraft.

The P.108A serie 2 is your normal P.108, but with a 102 mm anti-shipping gun containing 50 rounds. In saying that, you're basically an over-sized [[Hs 129 (Family)|Hs 129]] or [[PBJ-1H]]. The main reason for not seeing the aircraft on Air AB, RB or even Sim is due to the fact the plane is demanding on takeoff due to its low horsepower engines and will not take off if combat flaps or take-off flaps are down (if you don't, it's going to be quite hard to take off). The defensive weaponry is decent for its battle rating but will not survive if it get uptiered to 4.3.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,049 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 426 || 412 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 32.5 || 34.1 || 6.0 || 5.9 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| 464 || 444 || 29.6 || 31.0 || 9.8 || 7.7
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 400 || 400 || 249 || ~3 || ~2
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===


* 8 mm Steel - Cockpit armour - instrument panel, pilot's seat, co-pilot's seat and floor plate below pilot
* 8 mm Steel - Armour plate protecting ammo located in wings
* 8 mm Steel - Side gunner armoured walls
* 8 mm Steel - Ventral gunner position
* Fuel tanks located in wings

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|102/35 mod 14 (102 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 102 mm 102/35 mod 14 cannon, nose-mounted (50 rpg)

=== Defensive armament ===

{{main|Breda-SAFAT (12.7 mm)|Breda-SAFAT (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 12.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine gun, 2 x wing turret (300 rpg = 1,200 total)
* 1 x 12.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine gun, ventral turret (450 rpg)
* 1 x 7.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine gun, 2 x beam turret (400 rpg = 800 total)

== Usage in battles ==

The Piaggio P.108A Serie 2 is a 4 engine attacker. Despite being an attacker, the 102 mm cannon is relatively inaccurate which means the targets that suit this plane the best are usually stationary targets that the 102 mm cannon can penetrate and destroy. The plane's defensive firepower is relatively poor and you should try to avoid enemy planes as much as possible. If an enemy plane is lining up to attack you from the front, try to swing your plane and give him the tail of the plane so your gunners can shoot back at the enemy aircraft.

Stay low and do not go above 1,900 m. Speed is key: try to maintain a speed of close to 200 km/h as that gives you wiggle room as your stall speed is 155 km/h despite the massive weight.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Auto controlled
|-
|}

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! Survivability
! colspan="2" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Radiator
|
| Turret 7 mm
|
|-
| II
|
| Compressor
| Airframe
| New 7 mm MGs (turret)
| Offensive 102 mm
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
|
| Turret 12 mm
|
|-
| IV
|
| Engine injection
| Cover
| New 12 mm MGs (turret)
| New 102 mm cannons
|-
|}

# The first tier modifications to be unlocked should be ''Radiator'' and ''Fuselage repair'', then ''Turret 7 mm''. This is so you can improve the poor performance of the plane. The belts should be last as no matter what the defensive firepower of the plane with or with out the belts would still remain poor.
# The second tier upgrades should start with the ''Airframe'' so your plane is a bit more durable. Then get the ''New 7 mm MGs (turret)'' and ''Offensive 102 mm'' for increase in firepower and defensive armament. Finally go get the ''Compressor''.
# The Third tier modifications should start off with the ''Engine'', then unlock the ''Wings repair''. Last of all unlock the ''Turret 12.7 mm.''
# The fourth tier modification should start off with the ''New 12.7 mm MGs (turret)'' then ''Cover''. And your last two modification should be ''Engine Injection'' and ''New 102 mm Cannons''.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 102 mm cannon can prove devastating on a direct hit
* Large amount of ammo for the cannon
* 2 turrets are placed on the distant engines allowing for more guns to face backwards
* Repair cost is neglect-able (only 620 SL)
* High SL multiplier

'''Cons:'''

* Low accuracy cannon and sluggish airframe make lining up shots very difficult
* Gunners are bunched together and easily knocked out
* Turrets on the engines cannot face forwards
* Relatively Weak Defensive armament
* Head on attacks are usually fatal for this plane
* Massive target
* Prone to fuel tank fire due to tremendous fuel load

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|PrqqMtZin1U|'''The Shooting Range #48''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 02:35 discusses the P.108A.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Piaggio}}
{{Italy attackers}}