War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

HMS Diamond

2024-05-13T14:42:59Z

U69651212: finished for now

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_destroyer_daring_class_diamond
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} British destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Alpha Strike"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

In terms of survivability, HMS Diamond demonstrates commendable resilience, despite lacking anti-fragmentation armor around its hull. Its sleek design, coupled with ammunition storage largely shielded by being below the waterline, significantly enhance its survivability in combat scenarios. However, with a relatively modest crew complement of 330 personnel, the ship remains vulnerable to sustained fire from rapid-firing cannons, particularly those equipped with the potent Mk.22 cannon mount commonly found on American destroyers. Moreover, the threat posed by Soviet 130mm rounds cannot be underestimated, given their powerful explosive filler and potential to inflict significant damage. Fortunately, mitigating factors exist to improve the ship's survivability. Removal of torpedoes, for instance, can drastically reduce the ship's vulnerability to fire. While the torpedoes onboard offer an advantage, their overall performance may not warrant the associated risk, especially considering their relatively modest capabilities compared to other torpedo systems.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

HMS Diamond may have modest mobility, but it stands out as one of the fastest ships within its battle rating, particularly when encountering lower-tier adversaries. Its top speed of 64 km/h allows for swift navigation across maps, offering an advantage in naval engagements. Despite its classification as a destroyer, its relatively compact size grants it agility akin to that of a corvette, affording it a surprisingly tight turn radius.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|4.5 inch/45 QF Mark V (114 mm)}}
The 4.5 inch/45 QF Mark V cannons aboard HMS Diamond prove to be formidable armaments, particularly effective against light to medium armored ships and aerial targets. Despite their relatively modest explosive yield compared to other munitions of similar caliber, they deliver a considerable punch, ensuring devastating impacts upon target engagement. With an upgraded crew, HMS Diamond achieves an impressive firing rate of up to 20 rounds per minute, mirroring the capabilities of the USS Moffet. A notable feature of these cannons is their consistent firing rate, as there is no need to pause for reloading due to the absence of a ready rack. However, disruptions such as fires or flooding onboard may temporarily hinder this rapid rate of fire. To optimize ammunition usage and effectiveness, it is recommended to utilize HE-VT projectiles whenever possible. These projectiles offer the same explosive filler as standard HE rounds but with the added advantage of a proximity fuze, maximizing the ship's combat efficiency while conserving valuable ammunition space. In situations requiring engagement of armored targets or encounters at challenging angles, such as front aspect shots, SAP projectiles are advised.

{{:4.5 inch/45 QF Mark V (114 mm)/Ammunition|4.5 inch HE, 4.5 inch SAP, 4.5 inch HE-TF, 4.5 inch HE-VT}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|QF Mark V (40 mm)|QF STAAG Mark II (40 mm)}}
The 40mm autocannons serve as versatile weapons with potent capabilities for both air defense and point-blank defense. In air defense roles, these autocannons excel at engaging low-flying aircraft and as a deterrence for high-flying aircraft. Their high rate of fire and effective range make them formidable tools for intercepting fast-moving targets with precision accuracy. Additionally, their ammunition options include a set of munitions ready for all scenarios, universal clip is advised. In point-blank defense scenarios, 40mm autocannons provide reliable firepower for engaging close-range threats such as small boats. Their rapid rate of fire and substantial caliber make them effective deterrents against targets at short distances.

* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}
* '''40 mm HE clips:''' {{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}
* '''40 mm AP clips:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}

{{:QF Mark V (40 mm)/Ammunition|HEFI-T, AP-T}}

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Mk.IX** (533 mm)}}
''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{ShipManufacturer John Brown and Company‎}}
{{Britain destroyers}}
{{Britain premium ships}}

Vilkas

2024-05-13T07:43:22Z

U69651212: done with this page

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_vilkas
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=id50248_vilkas_germany
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is an armoured fighting vehicle used by Lithuania, which was developed in collaboration with ARTEC GmbH. The vehicle's roots trace back to the German-Dutch "Boxer AFV" program, showcasing a joint effort by European nations to enhance their armoured capabilities. The Vilkas variant, specifically tailored for Lithuania, integrates advanced technologies and offers versatility in combat scenarios. Entering service in the Lithuanian Armed Forces in 2019, the Vilkas deployment represents Lithuania's strategic investment in a contemporary armoured platform, capable of meeting the challenges of modern warfare.

The '''Boxer ''Vilkas''''' is an event gift German light tank introduced during [[Update "Air Superiority"]] as a reward for the [[wt:en/news/8644-event-winter-extreme-earn-yourself-rewards-this-festive-season-en|2023 Winter Extreme event]]. The Vilkas is a unique light tank choice for German top-tier players, providing fire-and-forget Spike missiles for use against tanks at longer ranges or against nearby helicopters. As such, the Vilkas presents a new playstyle to players of the German ground tree, allowing them to rush to a good position using mobility, and play as a "sniper" with decent firepower and long-range missile, or perhaps play the vehicle more aggressively and use the Spike missiles for dispatching helicopters and long-range targets of opportunity when needed. All in all, the Vilkas is a uniquely interesting vehicle to bolster the top lineups of the German tech tree.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

Despite its composite screens covering the entire hull, Vilkas does not offer particularly robust protection. While it can withstand high-caliber machine gun fire from the frontal aspect at all ranges, its sides and rear lack adequate armor coverage. Nevertheless, its armor proves invaluable in mitigating fragmentation damage from artillery strikes and rockets, setting it apart from other lightly armored vehicles at its battle rating. One of Vilkas's standout features is its spacious interior, which enhances survivability by reducing the likelihood of an instant kill from a singular hit. Additionally, the unmanned turret significantly bolsters its protection capabilities, allowing operators to engage targets without fear of immediate destruction. Even in the event of ammunition detonation from cannon belts or Spike missile launchers, the platform remains resilient, further increasing survivability and sustaining operational effectiveness on the battlefield.

However, despite these strengths, Vilkas's vulnerability from the sides and rear underscores the importance of strategic positioning and situational awareness to maximize its defensive capabilities. Commanders must leverage its strengths while mitigating its weaknesses to ensure its effectiveness in combat scenarios. Overall, Vilkas represents a versatile and survivable platform if handled correctly.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || 15 mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || 15 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

Vilkas boasts a commendable power-to-weight ratio of 24.7, endowing it with remarkable speed and agility despite its considerable size and profile. Its off-road capabilities and superb top speed contribute to its versatility on the battlefield, allowing for swift maneuvers and rapid responses to changing tactical situations. Additionally, Vilkas maintains a decent reverse speed, further enhancing its mobility and operational effectiveness in dynamic environments. However, unlike some other IFVs in the game, Vilkas is not amphibious. While this may seem like a drawback at first glance, its lack of amphibious capability often proves to be inconsequential in combat scenarios. Amphibious operations are typically rare and highly situational, limiting their relevance in most engagements. Therefore, Vilkas's non-amphibious nature does not significantly impact its combat performance in the majority of scenarios.

Overall, Vilkas's impressive speed, agility, and off-road capabilities far outweigh any limitations. Commanders can rely on its exceptional mobility to execute rapid assaults, flank enemy positions, and maneuver effectively in diverse combat environments.{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,263|rbMinHp=721}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 (30 mm)}}The Vilkas is equipped with the formidable Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 30mm automatic cannon. While it may lack efficacy against heavily armored vehicles in head-on combat engagements, its versatility shines in various tactical roles. Primarily, the Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 proves particularly effective for flanking maneuvers and short-range anti-aircraft defense against approaching helicopters or slow and low-flying enemy jets. Its rapid rate of fire and powerful ammunition make it a formidable deterrent against aerial threats, providing critical support to ground forces. Moreover, when deployed within a group, the Vilkas becomes invaluable for targeting and neutralizing critical components of enemy vehicles, such as tracks or cannon barrels. Additionally, the Vilkas's Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 is recommended for continuous use of the APFSDS belt, even when engaging aircraft or lightly armored vehicles.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 (30 mm)|30 mm Bushmaster 2 Mk.44]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 600 (200) || rowspan="2" | 200 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+60° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 54.5 || 75.5 || 91.7 || 101.4 || 107.9 || rowspan="2" | 13.00 || rowspan="2" | 11.50 || rowspan="2" | 10.60 || rowspan="2" | 10.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 34.1 || 40.1 || 48.7 || 53.9 || 57.3
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 (30 mm)/Ammunition|APDS, HEI-T, APFSDS}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''3''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}
'''Note:'''

* If turret ammunition storage is hit, the magazine will be lost and a new one will be reloaded.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Spike-LR2MR}}The Vilkas comes equipped with the Spike-LR2MR IR fire-and-forget missiles, offering a potent but somewhat unpredictable anti-tank capability. These missiles show variable reliability, dependent on factors such as target speed, launch angle, distance, and carrier velocity. While they hold promise as stand-off weapons effective against heavily armored targets, their performance can be inconsistent. Despite their small warhead, successful penetration can result in significant damage to enemy tanks. The missile launcher's positioning allows for No Line-of-Sight launches, contingent upon various factors and the target's level of exposure. However, their effectiveness diminishes at distances shorter than 400 meters. Moreover, their capacity for top-down attacks may encounter limitations, particularly against combat vehicles with additional roof protection, such as Russian tanks with ERA or heavily armored tanks like the Strv 122 or Leopard 2A7 featuring NERA components.

In essence, the Spike-LR2MR's effectiveness hinges largely on chance, making its deployment a calculated risk on the battlefield. Commanders must weigh the situational factors carefully when employing these missiles, recognizing both their potential and limitations in engaging enemy armor.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Spike-LR2MR]] missile || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Capacity (Belt) !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
| 4 (2) || - || - || - || 13.00 || 11.50 || 10.60 || 10.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Spike-LR2MR/Ammunition|Spike-LR2}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''2''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|MG3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm MG3A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 4,000 (200) || 1,200 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The Vilkas is best played at medium range in a hull-down scenario, to use the Spike missiles and the cannon. In Realistic Battles, it is best to remain at a range (ideally further than 500 m) to use the Spike missiles efficiently, as they need at least 300 m distance to not overshoot the target. However, the 25 mm APFSDS is largely ineffective at range against heavily armoured targets unless shooting sides at a flatter angle. At closer ranges, it is easier to damage cannon barrels and tracks, but depending on the distance, the Spike missiles may be infeasible or unusable. Thus, playing at medium ranges is the best option for the Vilkas. Remaining behind cover allows the crew to be safe from all kinetic munitions, but still vulnerable to overpressure damage from explosive munitions. In addition, if the turret's ammunition is destroyed, a fire can occur. If this occurs, the Vilkas' position is easily given away by a large ammo cook-off and should be repositioned as soon as possible, ideally to a friendly capture point to re-arm. Rearming one 200-round 25 mm magazine at a capture point takes less than a minute. The excellent power-to-weight ratio of the Vilkas enables quick movements and rotations, especially in uneven environments. In addition, the commander's thermal sight permits the acquisition and firing of the Spike missiles while mostly concealed behind cover. However, due to the lacklustre payload inside the Spike missiles, multiple missiles may be required to destroy a tank.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Optics with thermal sensors for both the gunner and commander
* IR tracking system and ballistic computer for aerial targets
* Unmanned turret
* High power-to-weight ratio enables superior mobility
* Great maximum speed
* Blowout panels

'''Cons:'''

* Unreliable Spike missiles
* Inconsistent damage from the Bushmaster cannon
* Tall profile
* Only three belts of ammunition with easily targetable turret storage
* Large steering circle
* Mediocre reverse speed for a wheeled armoured vehicle
* Low ATGM count

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8640/current|[Devblog] Winter Extreme: Boxer Vilkas]]

{{Germany light tanks}}
[[Category:ATGM vehicles]]
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

KF41

2024-05-12T12:27:53Z

U69651212: done with this page

{{Specs-Card
|code=it_kf_41
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Hungarian light tank {{Battle-rating}} in the Italian research tree. It was introduced in [[Update "Sons of Attila"]] as part of the Hungarian branch of the Italian tech tree.

The KF41 is a modern IFV design from the German Rheinmetall company, exported to the Hungarian Army. It easily invites comparisons to the [[PUMA]] adopted by the Bundeswehr: both are large, heavily armoured vehicles with powerful engines and good transmissions that result in high mobility. They even feature the same 30 mm autocannon with APFSDS and AHEAD rounds. The main feature differences for this variant of the Lynx are a twin launcher for Spike fire-and-forget missiles and a unique AMAP-ADS hard-kill active protection system with scattered modules around the perimeter of the vehicle. However it lacks the PUMA's soft-kill APS, unmanned turret, and ERA/NERA, making it more vulnerable to attacks that the active protection system can't stop. Overall, the KF41 is a versatile, feature-packed IFV that can juggle multiple roles on the battlefield: standoff ATGM strikes and anti-helicopter duties on top of the basic flanking rushes.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

Despite its contemporary design akin to the Puma IFV, the KF41 exhibits a notable shortfall in protection against conventional rounds, despite its capacity to intercept high-speed projectiles such as the DM53 and CL3143, which fall within the AMAP-ADS projectile speed threshold of 1,700 m/s. Nevertheless, it demonstrates commendable resilience against ATGMs and slower, high-caliber rounds, albeit exhibiting inconsistency in defense against non-missile or rocket projectiles. The inclusion of external fuel tanks positioned behind the Active Protection System serves to bolster armor capabilities, particularly against smaller caliber projectiles such as autocannons. However, the effectiveness of this additional protection is contingent upon various factors including impact angle, projectile type, and distance. The void spaces within the compartment enhance the vehicle's survivability, particularly when subjected to certain angles of attack.

Similar to the Puma, the crew compartment is compartmentalized, with the entire rear section, designated for infantry, remaining unoccupied. However, the absence of an unmanned turret represents a significant drawback, severely limiting the vehicle's ability to engage adversaries safely by exposing only the turret. A direct hit on the turret would result in near-immediate incapacitation. The primary survivability feature of the KF41 lies in its mobility and speed, enabling it to swiftly navigate the battlefield, evading enemy fire particularly in strategic chokepoints.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,790|rbMinHp=1,022}}The mobility of the KF41 falls short when compared to similar armored vehicles. Even heavily armored counterparts like the T-80BVM and Leopard 2 series boast higher top speeds and overall mobility, highlighting the KF41's relatively lackluster performance in combat, evidenced by its power-to-weight ratio of 26.3, in contrast to the T-80BVM's 27.2. Nonetheless, it maintains a respectable level of mobility, enabling the vehicle to swiftly navigate the periphery of the battlefield and deliver flanking maneuvers against enemy vehicles.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|MK 30-2/ABM (30 mm)}}The KF41 is equipped with the Mauser MK 30 30mm automatic cannon, renowned for its powerful ammunition type and decent firing rate. While it may lack effectiveness against armored vehicles in direct engagements, it proves highly advantageous for flanking maneuvers and short-range anti-aircraft defense against helicopters or slow-moving, low-flying enemy jets. Operating within a group, it becomes instrumental in targeting critical components such as tracks or cannon barrels, thereby supporting allies engaged in frontal combat. It is advisable to utilize the APFSDS belt in most situations, reserving the AHEAD frag belt for engagements with aircraft or lightly armored vehicles.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[MK 30-2/ABM (30 mm)|30 mm MK 30-2/ABM]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 348 (116) || rowspan="2" | 200 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+45° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 57.1 || 79.1 || 96.0 || 106.2 || 113.0 || rowspan="2" | 0.26 || rowspan="2" | 0.23 || rowspan="2" | 0.21 || rowspan="2" | 0.20
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 35.7 || 42.0 || 51.0 || 56.4 || 60.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:MK 30-2/ABM (30 mm)/Ammunition|APDS, HEI-T, Ahead, APFSDS}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''3''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Spike-LR2MR}}The KF41 is outfitted with Spike-LR2MR IR fire-and-forget missiles, which exhibit a somewhat inconsistent reliability. While they offer the potential as stand-off weapons effective against heavily armored targets as well as slow-moving, low-flying aircraft, their reliability can vary based on several factors including the target's speed, launch angle, distance, and the carrier's velocity. Despite featuring a small warhead, they can inflict significant damage on enemy tanks upon successful penetration. The positioning of the launcher enables quasi No Line-of-Sight launches and top-down attacks, contingent upon factors and the target's exposure level, albeit rendering the missile ineffective at distances shorter than 400m. Additionally, their capability for top-down attacks may encounter limitations, particularly against combat vehicles like Russian tanks equipped with additional ERA on the roof or heavily protected tanks featuring NERA components on the roof like the Strv 122 or Leopard 2A7. In summary, the Spike-LR2MR relies heavily on chance for its effectiveness.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Spike-LR2MR]] missile
|-
! Capacity (Belt) !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
|-
| 2 (2) || - || - || -
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Spike-LR2MR/Ammunition|Spike-LR2}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''1''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|4}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M240 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 1,200 (200) || 575 || -10°/+65° || -95°/+20°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M240 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M240]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,800 (200) || 941 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The KF41can be likened to a larger-scale R3 T20 in its operational approach. Despite its armor offering limited protection against only certain types of threats, its agility and firepower lend themselves to a range of roles. In addition to its primary functions of flanking enemy positions and providing "combat medical" assistance, the KF41 excels as a platform for suppressive fire, capable of keeping adversaries pinned down while allies maneuver for advantageous positions. Furthermore, its designation as a budget anti-aircraft asset its adaptability in countering aerial threats, albeit with some limitations. While not equipped with the extensive defense systems of dedicated anti-aircraft platforms, its weaponry and its built-in IRST make it a formidable deterrent against helicopters and low-flying aircraft. On large scale battlefields like the Fields of Sinai, the KF41 emerges as a potent sniper unit, utilizing its Spike missiles to engage targets at extended ranges with precision and lethality. The strategic advantage of such long-range engagement capabilities cannot be overstated, allowing the KF41 to disrupt the enemy and neutralize high-value targets from afar. It's worth noting that while the KF41's Active Protection System provides an additional layer of defense, its reliability may vary in ground combat scenarios. However, commanders should always consider its potential effectiveness, particularly when facing off against airborne threats, where the APS can provide critical protection against incoming munitions.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Access to fire and forget missiles
* Powerful main armament
* Equipped with hard-kill APS, able to stop enemy munitions, including ATGMs
* Mobile for being a tracked platform
* Great elevation angles, can easily fend off against enemy aircraft if they're near

'''Cons:'''

* Very big profile
* Weak armour
* APS is too situational, does not work all the time
* Fire and forget missiles are very limited
* Cannon although powerful, has a low fire rate

== History ==

Rheinmetall initiated the development of the KF series of combat vehicles to fill a noticeable gap in the market for tracked vehicles. The company aimed to create a design versatile enough to outperform direct competitors while still being able to efficiently carry out peacetime operations.

The vehicle was first unveiled in its lighter KF31 configuration in June 2016 at the Eurosatory exhibition. This debut was soon followed by the heavier KF41 variant, unveiled at the same event in 2018. By 2020, Rheinmetall had entered negotiations with several potential operators, including Australia, the Czech Republic, and the United States. Hungary became the KF41's first official operator in September of that year, placing an order for 218 vehicles.

From [[wt:en/news/8458-development-kf41-the-majestic-lynx-en|Devblog]]

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=it_kf_41 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|dS_0tpx-u1E|'''The Shooting Range #373''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:24 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


* [[PUMA]]
* [[Freccia]]
* [[VCC-80/30]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8458-development-kf41-the-majestic-lynx-en|[Devblog] KF41: The Majestic Lynx]]

{{Italy light tanks}}
[[Category:ATGM vehicles]]
[[Category:Ground vehicles with active protection system]]

KF41

2024-05-11T08:22:42Z

U69651212: not done yet

{{Specs-Card
|code=it_kf_41
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Hungarian light tank {{Battle-rating}} in the Italian research tree. It was introduced in [[Update "Sons of Attila"]] as part of the Hungarian branch of the Italian tech tree.

The KF41 is a modern IFV design from the German Rheinmetall company, exported to the Hungarian Army. It easily invites comparisons to the [[PUMA]] adopted by the Bundeswehr: both are large, heavily armoured vehicles with powerful engines and good transmissions that result in high mobility. They even feature the same 30 mm autocannon with APFSDS and AHEAD rounds. The main feature differences for this variant of the Lynx are a twin launcher for Spike fire-and-forget missiles and a unique AMAP-ADS hard-kill active protection system with scattered modules around the perimeter of the vehicle. However it lacks the PUMA's soft-kill APS, unmanned turret, and ERA/NERA, making it more vulnerable to attacks that the active protection system can't stop. Overall, the KF41 is a versatile, feature-packed IFV that can juggle multiple roles on the battlefield: standoff ATGM strikes and anti-helicopter duties on top of the basic flanking rushes.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

Despite its contemporary design akin to the Puma IFV, the KF41 exhibits a notable shortfall in protection against conventional rounds, despite its capacity to intercept high-speed projectiles such as the DM53 and CL3143, which fall within the AMAP-ADS projectile speed threshold of 1,700 m/s. Nevertheless, it demonstrates commendable resilience against ATGMs and slower, high-caliber rounds, albeit exhibiting inconsistency in defense against non-missile or rocket projectiles. The inclusion of external fuel tanks positioned behind the Active Protection System serves to bolster armor capabilities, particularly against smaller caliber projectiles such as autocannons. However, the effectiveness of this additional protection is contingent upon various factors including impact angle, projectile type, and distance. The void spaces within the compartment enhance the vehicle's survivability, particularly when subjected to certain angles of attack.

Similar to the Puma, the crew compartment is compartmentalized, with the entire rear section, designated for infantry, remaining unoccupied. However, the absence of an unmanned turret represents a significant drawback, severely limiting the vehicle's ability to engage adversaries safely by exposing only the turret. A direct hit on the turret would result in near-immediate incapacitation. The primary survivability feature of the KF41 lies in its mobility and speed, enabling it to swiftly navigate the battlefield, evading enemy fire particularly in strategic chokepoints.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,790|rbMinHp=1,022}}KF41 has

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|MK 30-2/ABM (30 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[MK 30-2/ABM (30 mm)|30 mm MK 30-2/ABM]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 348 (116) || rowspan="2" | 200 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+45° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 57.1 || 79.1 || 96.0 || 106.2 || 113.0 || rowspan="2" | 0.26 || rowspan="2" | 0.23 || rowspan="2" | 0.21 || rowspan="2" | 0.20
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 35.7 || 42.0 || 51.0 || 56.4 || 60.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:MK 30-2/ABM (30 mm)/Ammunition|APDS, HEI-T, Ahead, APFSDS}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''3''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Spike-LR2MR}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Spike-LR2MR]] missile
|-
! Capacity (Belt) !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
|-
| 2 (2) || - || - || -
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Spike-LR2MR/Ammunition|Spike-LR2}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''1''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|4}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M240 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 1,200 (200) || 575 || -10°/+65° || -95°/+20°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M240 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M240]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,800 (200) || 941 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Access to fire and forget missiles
* Powerful main armament
* Equipped with hard-kill APS, able to stop enemy munitions, including ATGMs
* Mobile for being a tracked platform
* Great elevation angles, can easily fend off against enemy aircraft if they're near

'''Cons:'''

* Very big profile
* Weak armour
* APS is too situational, does not work all the time
* Fire and forget missiles are very limited, cannot reload them unless at a friendly cap point
* Cannon although powerful, has a low fire rate

== History ==

Rheinmetall initiated the development of the KF series of combat vehicles to fill a noticeable gap in the market for tracked vehicles. The company aimed to create a design versatile enough to outperform direct competitors while still being able to efficiently carry out peacetime operations.

The vehicle was first unveiled in its lighter KF31 configuration in June 2016 at the Eurosatory exhibition. This debut was soon followed by the heavier KF41 variant, unveiled at the same event in 2018. By 2020, Rheinmetall had entered negotiations with several potential operators, including Australia, the Czech Republic, and the United States. Hungary became the KF41's first official operator in September of that year, placing an order for 218 vehicles.

From [[wt:en/news/8458-development-kf41-the-majestic-lynx-en|Devblog]]

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=it_kf_41 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|dS_0tpx-u1E|'''The Shooting Range #373''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:24 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


* [[PUMA]]
* [[Freccia]]
* [[VCC-80/30]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8458-development-kf41-the-majestic-lynx-en|[Devblog] KF41: The Majestic Lynx]]

{{Italy light tanks}}
[[Category:ATGM vehicles]]
[[Category:Ground vehicles with active protection system]]

VBCI-2 (MCT30)

2023-08-25T20:30:05Z

U69651212: Added missing info, rewrote some information

{{Specs-Card
|code=fr_vbci2_mct30
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} French light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It is a cutting-edge infantry fighting vehicle that represents a significant evolution in armored warfare. Developed by the French company Nexter, the VBCI-2 was created as an export version, building upon the foundation of its predecessor, the original VBCI, which was unveiled in 2008. The VBCI-2 incorporates a range of advanced technologies, including enhanced protection systems, and improved mobility. Its most distinctive feature is the integration of the formidable MCT30 turret, armed with a 30mm autocannon and a suite of secondary weapons, making it highly capable in engaging both ground and aerial targets. The VBCI-2's adoption of advanced communication and sensor systems has significantly improved situational awareness and battlefield coordination, while its amphibious capabilities allow it to operate effectively across diverse terrains. With its combination of firepower, protection, and versatility.

It was introduced in [[Update "La Royale"]]. The VBCI-2 (MCT30) boasts a formidable array of combat capabilities that place it at the forefront of modern armored vehicles. Armed with the powerful MCT30 turret, which houses a 30mm autocannon and supplementary armaments, the VBCI-2 possesses exceptional anti-aircraft and anti-vehicle capabilities. This enables it to engage a wide spectrum of threats with precision and versatility. The integration of advanced targeting systems, fire control technology, and stabilization mechanisms enhances its accuracy while on the move or stationary, ensuring effective engagement in dynamic combat scenarios. Furthermore, its enhanced protection systems offer substantial defense against various types of low to medium caliber weaponry. The VBCI-2's advanced sensor suite, including LWR and thermal imaging, augments situational awareness, granting its crew the ability to detect and engage targets across different terrains and weather conditions. These combat capabilities culminate in a platform that excels in both offensive and defensive operations, making the VBCI-2 a pivotal asset in modern mechanized warfare.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

While the VBCI-2 (MCT30) exhibits a range of advanced features, a nuanced approach characterizes its survivability. The vehicle's armor, while providing protection against various threats, might be considered less robust when confronted with highly potent anti-tank weaponry. This consideration underscores the VBCI-2's reliance on agility and mobility as key elements of its survival strategy. Additionally, the vehicle's unmanned turret, a notable feature, contributes to its survivability by reducing crew exposure to enemy fire. By leveraging its well-engineered mobility and the unmanned turret, the VBCI-2 can minimize its exposure to potential threats and rapidly change positions on the battlefield. Its ability to traverse diverse terrains efficiently enables it to exploit cover, evade incoming fire, and seek advantageous firing positions. This dynamic approach to survivability, blending mobility with tactical awareness and the advantages of an unmanned turret, allows the VBCI-2 to excel in hit-and-run tactics and swift maneuvers, proving that a balance between armor, mobility, and advanced technology is pivotal in combat.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, turret)
* Aluminum alloy AMS 4050 A (hull roof, suspension)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 12 mm ''Upper'' 12 mm ''Lower'' || 12 mm ''Top'' 12 mm ''Bottom'' || 12 mm || 35 mm
|-
| Turret || 30 + 10 mm ''Turret front'' 30 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 30 + 10 mm || 30 + 10 mm || 30 + 10 mm
|-
| Cupola || 30 + 10 mm || 10 mm || 30 + 10 mm || 30 + 10 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Wheels are 10 mm thick

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=930|rbMinHp=531}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 (30 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 (30 mm)|30 mm Bushmaster 2 Mk.44]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 450 (75) || rowspan="2" | 200 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+45° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 57.1 || 79.1 || 96.0 || 106.2 || 113.0 || rowspan="2" | 13.00 || rowspan="2" | 11.50 || rowspan="2" | 10.60 || rowspan="2" | 10.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 35.7 || 42.0 || 51.0 || 56.4 || 60.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer}}
* '''MK266:''' {{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer}}
* '''MK258:''' {{Annotation|APFSDS|Armour-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot}}

{{:Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 (30 mm)/Ammunition|HEI-T, APDS, APFSDS}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''6''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 2,000 (200) || 575 || -20°/+60° || ±180°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The VBCI-2 (MCT30) stands as a versatile and potent asset, with its capabilities extending beyond traditional ground warfare. In armored combat, the VBCI-2 excels in a range of roles, including reconnaissance, and offensive operations. Armed with the MCT30 unmanned turret, equipped with a 30mm autocannon and supplementary weapons, it possesses exceptional anti-vehicle capabilities, effectively engaging and neutralizing threats both on open terrain and in urban environments. When facing armored targets, the utilization of Mk258 Armor-Piercing Fin-Stabilized Discarding Sabot (APFSDS) rounds enhances its anti-armor capabilities, penetrating protected adversaries. However, it's important to note that the APFSDS rounds may prove lacklustre when confronting Main Battle Tanks (MBTs) frontally due to their formidable armor. Nevertheless, its ability to target the sides and rear of MBTs remains formidable, potentially resulting in their destruction.

Notably, the VBCI-2's combat capabilities extend into anti-aircraft warfare. The advanced sensor suite, including Infrared Search and Track (IRST) technology and thermal imaging, enables the vehicle to detect and track aerial threats, while its rapid-firing autocannon can engage low-flying aircraft and drones. For engaging aircraft, the use of Mk266 High Explosive Incendiary-Tracer (HEI-T) rounds provides effective anti-aircraft firepower, deterring and countering airborne threats with precision.

Furthermore, the VBCI-2 serves a significant role in mechanized combat as a support vehicle. Its mobility allows it to rapidly maneuver across varied landscapes, providing repair assistance to other armored units. The vehicle's ability to swiftly move through flanks, while offering protective cover and fire support, enhances the cohesion and effectiveness of combined arms operations.

In summary, the VBCI-2's combat uses in armored scenarios are manifold. It excels in reconnaissance, and offensive roles, owing to its potent weaponry and agile mobility. Its anti-aircraft capabilities offer air defense augmentation, bolstering the protection of mechanized units. Additionally, the VBCI-2's role as a support vehicle enhances the overall effectiveness of mechanized combat operations by providing rapid response, support, and auxiliary functions. Through its adaptability, firepower, and versatility, the VBCI-2 remains a cornerstone of French top-tier armored forces, capable of fulfilling diverse combat roles in the evolving landscape of warfare.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great mobility
* Access to APFSDS rounds with good penetration values
* Full APFSDS belts
* High turret rotation speed
* Frontally located Engine and Fuel Tank can absorb shots

'''Cons:'''

* Rather poor armour
* Slower rate of fire than 25 mm and 20 mm autocannons
* Crew can easily be knocked out
* Ammunition stored in easy-to-detonate racks
* Wheeled vehicle, speed can drop off in mud/snow and no neutral steering
* Vulnerable to overpressure damage

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=fr_vbci2_mct30 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|y2Ph0rmD5sU|'''Unmanned Turret Tanks: Showcasing New Tech''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 05:07 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{France light tanks}}
{{France premium ground vehicles}}
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

MEPHISTO

2023-08-25T20:11:58Z

U69651212: added some information in description

{{Specs-Card
|code=fr_vcac_mephisto
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The Véhicule de Combat Anti-Char, or MEPHISTO (Module Élévateur Panoramique Hot Installé Sur Tourelle Orientable) is a rank {{Specs|rank}} French tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It is a pivotal chapter in the French military's anti-tank capabilities. Developed and introduced in the 1980s, with the first prototypes emerging around 1978, MEPHISTO represents a significant leap forward in anti-armor warfare. Armed with the formidable HOT (Haut Subsonique Optiquement Téléguidé Tiré d'un Tube) anti-tank missile, MEPHISTO serves as a versatile and potent anti-tank armored platform. The integration of the HOT missile system onto the turret provides precise and long-range engagement capabilities against armored threats, ensuring the protection of the platform. This historical timeline showcases France's commitment to arming its military with cutting-edge technologies, enabling it to effectively counter armored adversaries and adapt to evolving battlefield dynamics.

It was introduced in [[Update "Danger Zone"]]. The MEPHISTO is a powerful combat asset with advanced capabilities tailored for anti-armor warfare. Armed with the potent HOT anti-tank missile system, it possesses a long-range precision-strike capability against armored targets, neutralizing threats from a safe distance. The platform's elevated panoramic observation system grants unmatched situational awareness through advanced targeting equipment, facilitating precise target identification even in challenging conditions. With a fully rotatable turret, the MEPHISTO adapts to dynamic combat scenarios by engaging threats from various angles. The synergy of the HOT missile system and panoramic observation ensures accurate engagement. Its modular design allows integration onto diverse armored vehicles (see [[SANTAL]]), this version enhancing anti-armor capabilities while prioritizing crew safety with unmanned weapon systems. In combat, the MEPHISTO empowers the commander to confidently engage enemy armor, maintaining a tactical edge through its combined range, flexibility, and precision. This comprehensive system embodies France's dedication to sophisticated anti-armor platforms, bolstering the success of modern warfare operations.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

As with all French wheeled vehicles, the armour is little to none, and the MEPHISTO is no an exception. The hull barely has the armour to survive hits from 12.7 mm machine guns and in some places even 7.62 mm. The armour is not to be relied on due to the fact that even artillery fragmentation can pose a significant threat to the platform. However, due to the crew spacing, the first half of the crew being at the front and the other half far behind, both pairs being separated by the engine block, makes the MEPHISTO capable of surviving more than one hit from the side as long as the shot is not placed in the centre of mass with explosive filler. However, the best armour is to not be seen in the first place.

The optics are located on top of a pole in the middle, the turret shifts and turns around it. Although the launcher itself is a bit curvy and may bounce extremely inaccurate shots, the pole isn't. The sheer size of the launcher provokes many enemies to use HE shells on it. During reload, the optics remain exposed, so the MEPHISTO requires tall cover at all the times to avoid being annihilated by chemical shells.

The smoke launchers on the MEPHISTO fire in every direction and the grenades explode mid-air, effectively hiding it from anything immediately, allowing the operator to use them as a panic button. They can be used twice.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 8 mm (27°) ''Top'' 8 mm (74°) ''Upper glacis'' 8 mm (45°) ''Lower glacis'' || 8 mm (28°) ''Top'' 8 mm (12°) ''Bottom'' || 8 mm (7°) || 8 mm
|-
| Turret || 5 mm ''Turret front'' || 5 mm || 5 mm || 5 mm
|-
| Cupola || colspan="4" | 8 mm (cylindrical)
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

Mobility-wise, the MEPHISTO leaves nothing to be desired. It is a fast and agile platform with a very high top speed. However, like other wheeled vehicles, it lacks traction in muddy and snowy terrain, draining the speed significantly. It can reach up to -14 km/h in reverse. It holds a significantly amazing acceleration and an amazing turn rate as the short length and both axle turn make it capable to do a full 360° turn in ~4-8 seconds depending on terrain. The MEPHISTO is also fully amphibious, meaning it can cross and reach specific places in the maps inaccessible to other vehicles.

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=312|rbMinHp=195}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|HOT}}

The MEPHISTO ('Module Élévateur Panoramique Hot Installé Sur Tourelle Orientable', French for "elevated panoramic HOT launch module on rotating turret") is the primary weapon mount. It is able to fire four HOT or HOT-2 missiles in a rapid succession. HOT missiles are nothing new to French commanders, and they have proven to be very capable in combat. It is a similar system as the TUA ('TOW Under Armour') seen in the [[M901]] but with differences. While it is able to hold double the amount of much more capable missiles, the reload rate can be considerably slower due to the slower turret traverse and reload rate. However, the turret will start reloading immediately after launching the last ATGM (preventing it from being a liability as well), as the optics are not bound to it, so it balances out at a long range. Unfortunately, it's impossible to guide multiple missiles at once with this carrier, so it is preferable to hide the launcher behind something during combat.

The HOT-2 is significantly stronger than missiles of light tanks when it comes to penetration, but lacks tandem charge or utility. It will likely still fail to penetrate the turrets of NERA or ERA protected tanks, unless angled into them at the last moment, but anything else has a significantly lesser chance of miraculously surviving a direct hit.

The MEPHISTO has an advantage over some missile carriers, as the missile launcher does not have to be deployed before firing and it, as well as the optics, is two-plane stabilized, meaning it is possible to quickly brake and engage a target without the need of reacquiring the target, or to threaten enemy tank with a missile launch and to continue moving while guiding the shot, unlike with the [[AMX-30 ACRA]]. The stabilizer also proves to be beneficial when on water, as the waves can make the launcher bounce.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[HOT]] missile || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 12 (4) || rowspan="2" | ±10° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 26.4 || 36.5 || 44.4 || 49.1 || 52.2 || rowspan="2" | 15.00 || rowspan="2" | 15.00 || rowspan="2" | 15.00 || rowspan="2" | 15.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 17.9 || 21.0 || 25.5 || 28.2 || 30.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The HOT-2 has a larger warhead and a higher penetration than the HOT. It should be the preferred ammunition as soon as it has been unlocked.

{{:HOT/Ammunition|HOT, HOT-2}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''3''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The only reliable playstyle for the MEPHISTO is hull-down. In a battle, this vehicle is best played behind a rock, so that rounds won't dip and hit the main chassis. If this is not possible, try to find a ridge to hide behind or a depression in the terrain. Since your launcher is the only thing exposed, expect for your launcher to get hit and receive a 10-second repair. (Note for stock vehicles, you will still be able to fire). Some players will be smarter and will shoot HESH rounds at you, the splash damage will be enough to either overpressure or knock out the rest of the tank. Since you only have 12 missiles (4 in the launcher, 8 stowed away) you will have to be patient and skilled at using this missile. If in the right hands, it is incredibly strong and can hold an important spot and single-handedly deny the enemy any chance of taking an area. This will reward you numerous targets destroyed, as well as gaining numerous points from people shooting at the launcher.

However, there are a couple of issues. The missile can only be fired when stationary, though the launcher remains deployed even if moving at very high speeds. The reload also requires the launcher to traverse round towards the rear of the vehicle and further lengthening the reload. One way to combat this is to have the rear end of the vehicle towards the target, therefore reducing the time taken to traverse the launcher back to the firing position.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Amazing mobility and handling
* Stronger than average ATGMs
* 4 shots per reload
* Gen 2 thermals
* Amphibious capabilities
* 360 degrees aerosol smoke protection with two uses

'''Cons:'''

* Long reload, can only reload after spending all 4 missiles (but reloads all of them at once)
* Paper-thin armour, very tall and is always exposed to explosive shells
* Can be jammed by IRCM
* The HOT-2 is just a bit short of power to penetrate turrets of tanks like [[IPM1]] reliably

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=fr_vcac_mephisto Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|CNhW947CCPU|'''The Shooting Range #310''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:24 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


* [[AFT09]] - a very similar missile carrier from China

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7684-development-vcac-mephisto-hell-hath-no-limits-en|[Devblog] VCAC MEPHISTO: Hell hath no limits]]

{{France tank destroyers}}
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

SANTAL

2023-08-25T19:57:23Z

U69651212: fixed dates

{{Specs-Card
|code=fr_vab_santal
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} French SPAA {{Battle-rating}}. It has not only served as a versatile armored personnel carrier but has also made significant contributions in the realm of air defense. Developed in the late 1980s, the SANTAL platform was later adapted to fulfill the Self-Propelled Anti-Air (SPAA) role. This evolution was marked by the integration of the Mistral surface-to-air missile system in 1987, providing the vehicle with robust air defense capabilities. The Mistral SPAA variant of the SANTAL became a vital component of France's air defense strategy, offering rapid deployment and engagement of aerial threats. Its introduction addressed the need for enhanced protection of ground troops against airborne threats, such as helicopters and low-flying aircraft. The integration of Mistral missiles greatly increased the operational flexibility of the SANTAL, enabling it to effectively contribute to both ground-based and mobile air defense operations. Through its historical development and adaptations, the SANTAL-Mistral remains a testament to the evolution of modern military vehicles, showcasing the fusion of armored transport with sophisticated air defense systems.

It was introduced in [[Update "Fire and Ice"]]. Its adaptability shines through its modular design, allowing for quick reconfiguration based on requirements (see [[MEPHISTO]]). The Mistral SPAA version further augments its combat prowess by integrating the Mistral surface-to-air missile system, granting the SANTAL the ability to engage aerial targets with precision and speed. This dual-role capability – as both an agile armored personnel carrier and an air defense platform – makes the SANTAL a versatile asset on the battlefield, capable of swiftly transitioning between providing ground support and countering airborne threats. Whether operating independently or as part of a larger force, the SANTAL's combat capabilities have solidified its reputation as a reliable and multifaceted asset, poised to meet the challenges of modern warfare.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The SANTAL's mobility stands as its primary method of survival on the battlefield. While its armor provides minimal protection, the ability to swiftly navigate the terrain is what truly sets the vehicle apart. Designed with agility in mind, the SANTAL can quickly maneuver through diverse landscapes, allowing it to evade threats and find advantageous positions. Its advanced suspension system and powerful engine grant it the speed and maneuverability required to outmaneuver adversaries, making it a challenging target to engage effectively. The SANTAL's mobility not only aids in rapid deployment and repositioning but also facilitates its role in reconnaissance, support, and air defense. By capitalizing on its exceptional mobility, the SANTAL maximizes its survivability by minimizing exposure to hostile fire and swiftly reacting to evolving combat dynamics. This emphasis on mobility as a cornerstone of survival underscores the vehicle's adaptability and effectiveness in multiple warfare scenarios.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull )
* Structural steel

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull ||Front glacis

* 8 mm (74°) Rolled homogeneous armour

* 4 mm (74°) Structural steel

Lower glacis

* 8 mm (45°) Rolled homogeneous armour
| 8 mm ''(28°)Top'' 8 mm (12°) ''Bottom'' || 8 mm (7°) || 8 mm
|-
| Turret || 8 mm ''Turret front'' || 8 mm || 8 mm || 8 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Wheels are 10 mm thick.
* 5 mm thick rolled homogeneous armor is surrounding the engine.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=312|rbMinHp=195}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Mistral SATCP}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Mistral SATCP]] missile || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 12 (6) || rowspan="2" | -10°/+60° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 44.0 || 60.9 || 74.0 || 81.8 || 87.1 || rowspan="2" | 19.50 || rowspan="2" | 17.25 || rowspan="2" | 15.90 || rowspan="2" | 15.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 29.8 || 35.0 || 42.5 || 47.0 || 50.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Mistral SATCP/Ammunition|Mistral SATCP}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''2''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The SANTAL platform has revolutionized French top tier SPAA in the battlefield, showcasing its dynamic capabilities in safeguarding friendly units from airborne threats. The integration of the Mistral surface-to-air missile system, a highly effective infrared-guided (IR) missile with fire-and-forget capabilities, combined with the vehicle's inherent mobility, has enabled the SANTAL to provide an agile and responsive air defense solution. Notably, Mistral missiles are designed to autonomously track and engage targets using their infrared guidance, without requiring continuous operator input. It's important to mention that Mistral missiles do not trigger defense systems automatically; they are primarily detected and countered by Missile Approach Warning (MAW) systems typically mounted on top-tier helicopters but remain unseen by other aircraft unless visual contact is made. This highlights the critical role of the SANTAL's skilled crew in target acquisition and engagement.

By utilizing its rapid mobility, the SANTAL can swiftly position itself to create protective umbrellas over friendly forces, dissuading or neutralizing incoming aircraft threats. The Mistral missiles, known for their accuracy and effectiveness, ensure precise target engagement. This dual emphasis on mobility and autonomous air defense capability not only shields friendly units but also disrupts enemy air superiority, influencing the outcome of engagements. As an SPAA platform, the SANTAL exemplifies the synergy between advanced missile technology, the expertise of its operators, and strategic mobility, solidifying its vital role in enhancing overall operational success while maintaining air superiority over the battlefield.

=== Pros and cons ===
'''Pros:'''

* '''Thin Armor with Agility''': The SANTAL is known for its agility, owed in part to its relatively lighter and thinner armor compared to heavier armored vehicles. This design choice doesn't compromise its protection entirely but allows for greater speed and mobility. This agility enables the vehicle to swiftly navigate various terrains, evade threats, and reposition strategically, contributing to its survival by minimizing its exposure to hostile fire.
* '''Mistral Anti-Aircraft Missile''': One of the standout features of the SANTAL is its integration of the Mistral surface-to-air missile system. These highly effective infrared-guided missiles provide a fire-and-forget air defense capability against aircraft, helicopters, and drones. The Mistral missiles boast remarkable accuracy and target engagement capabilities, making the SANTAL a formidable adversary in countering airborne threats and safeguarding friendly units.
* '''Agile Air Defense Platform''': The combination of its mobility and Mistral missile system transforms the SANTAL into a dynamic and agile air defense platform. It can swiftly respond to changing threats, creating protective zones over friendly units, and engaging airborne threats autonomously. This makes the SANTAL an effective component in both static air defense roles and dynamic battlefield scenarios where mobility is key.
*

*

'''Cons:'''

* '''Weather and Countermeasures''': The Mistral's infrared guidance system makes the SANTAL susceptible to adverse weather conditions and countermeasures that disrupt infrared tracking, potentially limiting its effectiveness.
* '''Line of Sight Limitation''': The infrared guidance system also restricts engagement to line-of-sight scenarios, limiting the vehicle's ability to engage targets beyond direct visibility.
* '''Reduced Accuracy on the Move''': While mobility is an advantage, engaging targets accurately while in motion can be challenging, potentially reducing the effectiveness of defensive actions during rapid movement.
* '''Reduced Protection''': The emphasis on agility and lighter armor could compromise the SANTAL's ability to withstand heavy artillery, armor-piercing projectiles, or explosive devices, leading to increased vulnerability in certain combat scenarios.

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=fr_vab_santal Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{France anti-aircraft vehicles}}
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

SANTAL

2023-08-25T19:54:39Z

U69651212: added missing info

{{Specs-Card
|code=fr_vab_santal
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} French SPAA {{Battle-rating}}. It has not only served as a versatile armored personnel carrier but has also made significant contributions in the realm of air defense. Developed in the early 2000s, the SANTAL platform was later adapted to fulfill the Self-Propelled Anti-Air (SPAA) role. This evolution was marked by the integration of the Mistral surface-to-air missile system in 2008, providing the vehicle with robust air defense capabilities. The Mistral SPAA variant of the SANTAL became a vital component of France's air defense strategy, offering rapid deployment and engagement of aerial threats. Its introduction addressed the need for enhanced protection of ground troops against airborne threats, such as helicopters and low-flying aircraft. The integration of Mistral missiles greatly increased the operational flexibility of the SANTAL, enabling it to effectively contribute to both ground-based and mobile air defense operations. Through its historical development and adaptations, the SANTAL-Mistral remains a testament to the evolution of modern military vehicles, showcasing the fusion of armored transport with sophisticated air defense systems.

It was introduced in [[Update "Fire and Ice"]]. Its adaptability shines through its modular design, allowing for quick reconfiguration based on requirements (see [[MEPHISTO]]). The Mistral SPAA version further augments its combat prowess by integrating the Mistral surface-to-air missile system, granting the SANTAL the ability to engage aerial targets with precision and speed. This dual-role capability – as both an agile armored personnel carrier and an air defense platform – makes the SANTAL a versatile asset on the battlefield, capable of swiftly transitioning between providing ground support and countering airborne threats. Whether operating independently or as part of a larger force, the SANTAL's combat capabilities have solidified its reputation as a reliable and multifaceted asset, poised to meet the challenges of modern warfare.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The SANTAL's mobility stands as its primary method of survival on the battlefield. While its armor provides minimal protection, the ability to swiftly navigate the terrain is what truly sets the vehicle apart. Designed with agility in mind, the SANTAL can quickly maneuver through diverse landscapes, allowing it to evade threats and find advantageous positions. Its advanced suspension system and powerful engine grant it the speed and maneuverability required to outmaneuver adversaries, making it a challenging target to engage effectively. The SANTAL's mobility not only aids in rapid deployment and repositioning but also facilitates its role in reconnaissance, support, and air defense. By capitalizing on its exceptional mobility, the SANTAL maximizes its survivability by minimizing exposure to hostile fire and swiftly reacting to evolving combat dynamics. This emphasis on mobility as a cornerstone of survival underscores the vehicle's adaptability and effectiveness in multiple warfare scenarios.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull )
* Structural steel

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull ||Front glacis

* 8 mm (74°) Rolled homogeneous armour

* 4 mm (74°) Structural steel

Lower glacis

* 8 mm (45°) Rolled homogeneous armour
| 8 mm ''(28°)Top'' 8 mm (12°) ''Bottom'' || 8 mm (7°) || 8 mm
|-
| Turret || 8 mm ''Turret front'' || 8 mm || 8 mm || 8 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Wheels are 10 mm thick.
* 5 mm thick rolled homogeneous armor is surrounding the engine.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=312|rbMinHp=195}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Mistral SATCP}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Mistral SATCP]] missile || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 12 (6) || rowspan="2" | -10°/+60° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 44.0 || 60.9 || 74.0 || 81.8 || 87.1 || rowspan="2" | 19.50 || rowspan="2" | 17.25 || rowspan="2" | 15.90 || rowspan="2" | 15.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 29.8 || 35.0 || 42.5 || 47.0 || 50.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Mistral SATCP/Ammunition|Mistral SATCP}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''2''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The SANTAL platform has revolutionized French top tier SPAA in the battlefield, showcasing its dynamic capabilities in safeguarding friendly units from airborne threats. The integration of the Mistral surface-to-air missile system, a highly effective infrared-guided (IR) missile with fire-and-forget capabilities, combined with the vehicle's inherent mobility, has enabled the SANTAL to provide an agile and responsive air defense solution. Notably, Mistral missiles are designed to autonomously track and engage targets using their infrared guidance, without requiring continuous operator input. It's important to mention that Mistral missiles do not trigger defense systems automatically; they are primarily detected and countered by Missile Approach Warning (MAW) systems typically mounted on top-tier helicopters but remain unseen by other aircraft unless visual contact is made. This highlights the critical role of the SANTAL's skilled crew in target acquisition and engagement.

By utilizing its rapid mobility, the SANTAL can swiftly position itself to create protective umbrellas over friendly forces, dissuading or neutralizing incoming aircraft threats. The Mistral missiles, known for their accuracy and effectiveness, ensure precise target engagement. This dual emphasis on mobility and autonomous air defense capability not only shields friendly units but also disrupts enemy air superiority, influencing the outcome of engagements. As an SPAA platform, the SANTAL exemplifies the synergy between advanced missile technology, the expertise of its operators, and strategic mobility, solidifying its vital role in enhancing overall operational success while maintaining air superiority over the battlefield.

=== Pros and cons ===
'''Pros:'''

* '''Thin Armor with Agility''': The SANTAL is known for its agility, owed in part to its relatively lighter and thinner armor compared to heavier armored vehicles. This design choice doesn't compromise its protection entirely but allows for greater speed and mobility. This agility enables the vehicle to swiftly navigate various terrains, evade threats, and reposition strategically, contributing to its survival by minimizing its exposure to hostile fire.
* '''Mistral Anti-Aircraft Missile''': One of the standout features of the SANTAL is its integration of the Mistral surface-to-air missile system. These highly effective infrared-guided missiles provide a fire-and-forget air defense capability against aircraft, helicopters, and drones. The Mistral missiles boast remarkable accuracy and target engagement capabilities, making the SANTAL a formidable adversary in countering airborne threats and safeguarding friendly units.
* '''Agile Air Defense Platform''': The combination of its mobility and Mistral missile system transforms the SANTAL into a dynamic and agile air defense platform. It can swiftly respond to changing threats, creating protective zones over friendly units, and engaging airborne threats autonomously. This makes the SANTAL an effective component in both static air defense roles and dynamic battlefield scenarios where mobility is key.
*

*

'''Cons:'''

* '''Weather and Countermeasures''': The Mistral's infrared guidance system makes the SANTAL susceptible to adverse weather conditions and countermeasures that disrupt infrared tracking, potentially limiting its effectiveness.
* '''Line of Sight Limitation''': The infrared guidance system also restricts engagement to line-of-sight scenarios, limiting the vehicle's ability to engage targets beyond direct visibility.
* '''Reduced Accuracy on the Move''': While mobility is an advantage, engaging targets accurately while in motion can be challenging, potentially reducing the effectiveness of defensive actions during rapid movement.
* '''Reduced Protection''': The emphasis on agility and lighter armor could compromise the SANTAL's ability to withstand heavy artillery, armor-piercing projectiles, or explosive devices, leading to increased vulnerability in certain combat scenarios.

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=fr_vab_santal Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{France anti-aircraft vehicles}}
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

Mirage 2000-5F

2023-08-17T03:28:56Z

U69651212: added missing info

{{About
| about = French jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Mirage 2000 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=mirage_2000_5f
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} French jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. The Mirage 2000-5F, an advanced variant of the Mirage 2000 series, represents a pinnacle of French aviation technology. Developed by Dassault Aviation, this fighter jet first took its maiden flight in 1991, marking a significant milestone in the country's aerial capabilities. Equipped with state-of-the-art avionics and weapon systems, the Mirage 2000-5F played a pivotal role in various historical conflicts. Notably, during the Kosovo War in 1999, these aircraft showcased their precision and versatility by carrying out crucial ground attack and air-to-air missions. Armed with a range of sophisticated weapons, including Magic 2 air-to-air missiles and laser-guided bombs, the Mirage 2000-5F demonstrated its adaptability and effectiveness in both aerial combat and ground support roles. Over the years, this fighter jet has solidified its reputation as a cornerstone of the French Air Force's fleet, embodying a harmonious blend of cutting-edge technology and combat-proven performance.

It was introduced in [[Update "La Royale"]]. The Mirage 2000-5F showcases impressive air-to-air combat capabilities, notably highlighted by its utilization of the Matra Magic 2 missile system. Armed with the Matra Magic 2, an advanced short-range infrared-guided missile, the aircraft excels in engaging close-range airborne targets. The Matra Magic 2 missile's infrared seeker technology enables it to home in on heat sources emitted by enemy aircraft, ensuring accurate target tracking and engagement even in challenging scenarios.

Complementing its missile armament, the Mirage 2000-5F's radar, the Thales RDY (Radar Doppler Multi-target), plays a pivotal role in target detection and tracking. This radar system facilitates rapid target acquisition, enhancing the aircraft's effectiveness in engaging multiple adversaries simultaneously. The Mirage 2000-5F's agility is another critical aspect of its air-to-air prowess, allowing pilots to outmaneuver opponents and gain advantageous positions during dogfighting encounters.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 12,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,246 || 2,174 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 26.2 || 26.6 || 155.7 || 144.8 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| 2,453 || 2,351 || 23.9 || 25.0 || 238.1 || 195.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || X || X || ✓ || X || ✓* 
|-
|}
<nowiki>*</nowiki>Installing countermeasures blocks the deployment of the chute.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,512  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || - || - || - || ~13 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 920 || < 750 || < 650 || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | SNECMA M53-P2 || 1
| colspan="2" | 7,550 kg || colspan="3" | 267 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 34m fuel
|-
| 1,515 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning low-bypass turbofan
| 8,552 kg || 9,513 kg || 10,494 kg || 10,889 kg || 14,105 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 34m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 6,200 kgf || 9,688 kgf
| 1.13 || 1.02 || 0.92 || 0.89 || 0.69
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 7,083 kgf (1,512 km/h) || 13,406 kgf (1,512 km/h)
| 1.57 || 1.41 || 1.28 || 1.23 || 0.95
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The Mirage 2000-5F exhibits commendable survivability through a combination of advanced features that enhance its chances of evading threats and successfully completing tasks. One key aspect is its electronic warfare suite, which includes radar warning receivers, chaff and flare dispensers as jamming capabilities. These systems collectively enable the aircraft to detect, identify, and counter incoming threats such as radar-guided missiles and hostile radars. Additionally, the Mirage 2000-5F's advanced avionics and sensors, including the Thales RDY radar and DAMOCLES targeting pod, contribute to its situational awareness, allowing pilots to monitor and respond to potential threats effectively. The aircraft's agility and high-speed capabilities provide pilots with the means to maneuver out of danger swiftly. In terms of design, the Mirage 2000-5F's aerodynamic structure is optimized to reduce its radar cross-section, minimizing its vulnerability to enemy radar systems. This feature, coupled with its electronic warfare systems, helps enhance its overall survivability in contested environments. The Mirage 2000-5F also boasts an impeccably designed and advanced cockpit that significantly enhances its combat capabilities. The cockpit's streamlined layout not only enhances pilot comfort and ergonomics but also contributes to reduced clutter, allowing pilots to focus on mission-critical tasks with heightened efficiency. The cockpit's intuitive arrangement of displays and instruments empowers pilots to swiftly access crucial information and swiftly make informed decisions during high-stress situations. Furthermore, the cockpit's advanced Heads-Up Display (HUD) system projects essential flight data directly onto the pilot's line of sight, eliminating the need for frequent glances down at instruments. This enhances the pilot's ability to maintain spatial awareness and engage targets without diverting their attention from the external environment.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs) !! Lead indicator
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|DEFA 554 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** 2 x 30 mm DEFA 554 cannons, belly-mounted (125 rpg = 250 total)
** 2 x 30 mm DEFA 554 cannons + 90 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="5%" | 1 !! width="5%" | 2 !! width="5%" | 3 !! width="5%" | 4 !! width="5%" | 5 !! width="5%" | 6 !! width="5%" | 7 !! width="5%" | 8 !! width="5%" | 9
| rowspan="19" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_Mirage_2000C-S5.png]]</div>
|-
! [[DEFA 554 (30 mm)|30 mm DEFA 554]] cannons (300 rpg)
| || || || || 2 || || || ||
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 82 (500 lb)|500 lb LDGP Mk 82]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1, 2 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[SAMP Mk 82 250 Snakeye (500 lb)|500 lb SAMP Mk 82 250 Snakeye]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1, 2 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[SAMP Type 25 (250 kg)|250 kg SAMP Type 25]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[SAMP Type 25 200 (250 kg)|250 kg SAMP Type 25 200]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[BGL-1000 (970 kg)|970 kg BGL-1000]] bombs
| || || || || 1 || || || ||
|-
! [[GBU-12 Paveway II (277 kg)|277 kg GBU-12 Paveway II]] bombs
| || 1 || || || 2 || 1 || || 1 ||
|-
! [[GBU-16 Paveway II (1,092 lb)|1,092 lb GBU-16 Paveway II]] bombs
| || || || || 1 || || || ||
|-
! [[GBU-24 Paveway III (2,000 lb)|2,000 lb GBU-24 Paveway III]] bombs
| || || || || 1 || || || ||
|-
! [[PGM 500 (404 kg)|404 kg PGM 500]] bombs
| || 1 || || || 1 || 1 || || 1 ||
|-
! [[PGM 2000 (1,060 kg)|1,060 kg PGM 2000]] bombs
| || || || || 1 || || || ||
|-
! [[SNEB type 23]] rockets
| 18 || 18 || || || || || || 18 || 18
|-
! [[AS-30L Nord]] missiles
| || 1 || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Matra R550 Magic 2]] missiles
| 1 || || || || || || || || 1
|-
! [[Matra Super 530D]] missiles
| || 1 || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Matra Super 530F]] missiles
| || 1 || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! DAMOCLES targeting pod
| || || || 1 || || || || ||
|-
! 1,300 l drop tanks
| || || || || 1 || || || ||
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* 1 x 1,300 l drop tank
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 554 cannon (600 rpg)
* 2 x Matra R550 Magic 2 missiles
* 2 x Matra Super 530F missiles
* 2 x Matra Super 530D missiles
* 10 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (5,000 lb total)
* 10 x 500 lb SAMP Mk 82 250 Snakeye bombs (5,000 lb total)
* 9 x 250 kg SAMP Type 25 bombs (2,250 kg total)
* 9 x 250 kg SAMP Type 25 200 bombs (2,250 kg total)
* 72 x SNEB type 23 rockets
* 1 x DAMOCLES targeting pod + 5 x 277 kg GBU-12 Paveway II bombs (1,385 kg total)
* 1 x DAMOCLES targeting pod + 1 x 1,092 lb GBU-16 Paveway II bomb (1,092 lb total)
* 1 x DAMOCLES targeting pod + 1 x 2,000 lb GBU-24 Paveway III bomb (2,000 lb total)
* 1 x DAMOCLES targeting pod + 1 x 970 kg BGL-1000 bomb (970 kg total)
* 1 x DAMOCLES targeting pod + 2 x AS-30L Nord missiles
* 3 x 404 kg PGM 500 bombs (1,212 kg total)
* 1 x 1,060 kg PGM 2000 bomb (1,060 kg total)
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==

In air-to-air combat scenarios, the Mirage 2000-5F's strengths lie in its exceptional agility and advanced avionics. Employing the Matra Magic 2 short-range infrared-guided missiles and benefiting from the Thales RDY radar, the aircraft can excel in dogfights and engage opponents in close-range encounters. Its advanced radar systems provide pilots with crucial situational awareness, granting them a significant advantage in these high-stakes aerial engagements.

When transitioning to air-to-ground missions, the Mirage 2000-5F demonstrates remarkable versatility. Armed with an array of guided weaponry such as the BGL-1000, PGM-500, PGM-2000, GBU-16, and GBU-12, the aircraft becomes a precise and lethal platform for striking ground targets with pinpoint accuracy. The integration of the DAMOCLES targeting pod significantly enhances the aircraft's ability to deliver laser-guided ordnance, including the AS-30L missile. This pod provides sophisticated targeting capabilities, allowing pilots to designate and guide laser-guided bombs and the AS-30L missile with exceptional precision. The Mirage 2000-5F truly shines when combining its air-to-air and air-to-ground capabilities. This synergy is evident in scenarios where the aircraft engages in both roles within a single mission. For instance, in a close air support mission, the aircraft can effectively neutralize enemy ground threats with laser-guided bombs like the GBU-12 or GBU-16, or launch AS-30L missiles at high-value targets, while still retaining the capability to defend itself against potential aerial threats using its Matra Magic 2 missiles and advanced radar systems. This dual-purpose adaptability underscores the Mirage 2000-5F's value as a truly multirole fighter. The Mirage 2000-5F also possesses significant anti-shipping capabilities, bolstered by the use of the PGM-2000, a potent weapon in its arsenal. With its advanced guidance and armor-penetrating capability of up to 111mm, the PGM-2000 is a formidable threat against heavily armored ships, including aircraft carriers. In War Thunder, aircraft carriers hold strategic importance as power projection platforms in Enduring Confrontation missions. The Mirage 2000-5F's ability to engage and potentially sink these carriers with precision strikes using the PGM-2000 underscores its role, disrupting enemy naval capabilities and potentially reducing the possibility of a mobile spawn point. This multirole versatility reinforces the Mirage 2000-5F's adaptability across various scenarios, making it a crucial asset in shaping battle dynamics.

In summary, the Mirage 2000-5F is a versatile and potent asset that can excel in air-to-air combat, air-to-ground strikes, and combined missions. Its use of guided weaponry, including the BGL-1000, PGM-500, PGM-2000, GBU-16, GBU-12, and AS-30L missile, coupled with the DAMOCLES targeting pod, empowers the aircraft with precise targeting and engagement capabilities. This multirole prowess, combined with its agility and advanced avionics, makes the Mirage 2000-5F a formidable platform capable of adapting to a wide range of operational requirements.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Upgraded radar (RDY radar) with excellent capabilities
* Good ground capability with access to long range AGM
* Good acceleration
* Great manoeuvrability
* DEFA 554 deal heavy damage
* Powerful targeting pod (Damocles) with a 3rd gen thermal imagery and a strong magnifier
* Access to Magic 2 missiles stock

'''Cons:'''

* Poor energy retention
* Magic 2 has limited range
* Carries a maximum of only 4 air-to-air missiles
* DEFA 554 has slow muzzle velocity (820 m/s)

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=mirage_2000_5f Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|1_Ikp4Zbjp8|'''The Shooting Range #362''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:25 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Mirage 2000 (Family)]]

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Dassault}}
{{France jet aircraft}}

Leopard 2A5 (YouTube Cup)

2023-08-11T02:06:55Z

U69651212: added missing info, added info from tech tree 2A5

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_leopard_2a5_yt_cup_2019
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The Leopard 2A5, a formidable main battle tank, emerged as the pinnacle of German engineering and design in the late 20th century. Introduced in 1995 as an advanced iteration of the Leopard 2 family, the 2A5 showcased its prowess during the 21st-century conflicts. This tank's innovative features, including modular composite armor enhancements and advanced fire control systems, made it a stalwart on the battlefield. Its baptism of fire came in the early 2000s, notably during NATO's involvement in Afghanistan. With its powerful Rheinmetall 120mm smoothbore gun, the Leopard 2A5 could accurately engage targets at extended ranges, solidifying its reputation as a precision weapon. Its capabilities were further demonstrated during Operation Iraqi Freedom, where it played a pivotal role in coalition forces. A combination of cutting-edge technology, unmatched firepower, and adaptability ensured the Leopard 2A5's enduring legacy, making it a symbol of armored supremacy well into the 21st century.

It was introduced during [[Update 1.89 "Imperial Navy"]] as a grand prize for the [[wt:en/news/6286-esport-war-thunder-youtube-cup-results-en|2019 YouTube Cup]]. The Leopard 2A5's exceptional mobility and robust powerplant further enhance its capability to swiftly maneuver on the battlefield, enabling it to quickly identify and engage enemy targets. Whether facing contemporary adversaries like the Russian [[T-90A|T-90]] or older models like the [[T-72 (Family)|T-72]], the Leopard 2A5's exceptional combination of armor, firepower, and maneuverability cements its position as a dominant force in tank-to-tank combat, reaffirming its status as a preeminent mainstay in modern armored warfare.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The Leopard 2A5's armor represents a pinnacle of armour, which provides exceptional protection against a wide spectrum of threats encountered on the battlefield. Its modular composite armor system configuration optimizes the tank's resistance to various types of projectiles, dispersing and dissipating their energy upon impact. The tank's turret and hull are heavily armored, with extra emphasis on critical areas like the frontal arc. The Leopard 2A5's turret spaced armor design further enhances its survivability. By creating air gaps between armor layers, the tank can disrupt the penetration capabilities of shaped-charge warheads, such as those found on anti-tank guided missiles. This design concept effectively minimizes the impact of these threats, providing an additional layer of defense against them. Blowout panels in the Leopard 2A5 serve as critical safety features designed to mitigate the potential catastrophic consequences of an ammunition detonation within the tank. These panels are positioned on the turret, surrounding the ammunition storage compartments. In the unfortunate event of an internal explosion, often triggered by enemy fire or other factors, the blowout panels are able to rapidly release the high-pressure gases and energy away from the crew compartment.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

The Leopard 2A5's holds a robust engine generating around 1,500 horsepower. This substantial power output translates into remarkable acceleration, agility, and speed, crucial for swift tactical maneuvers and rapid responses to emerging threats. With a horsepower-to-weight ratio of approximately 24 to 26 horsepower per ton, depending on upgrades, the Leopard 2A5 effortlessly maintains its exceptional mobility even while carrying its formidable armor and weaponry. This formidable powerplant not only empowers the tank to conquer challenging terrains but also contributes to its ability to efficiently navigate inclines, ford water obstacles, and surmount various barriers. As a result, the Leopard 2A5's potent horsepower significantly enhances its overall mobility, responsiveness, and tactical versatility, solidifying its position as a dominant and highly maneuverable force on the modern battlefield.

{{tankMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Rh120 L/44 (120 mm)}}

The Leopard 2A5's weaponry and capabilities position it as a formidable force on the modern battlefield. At the heart of its offensive power is the Rheinmetall 120mm smoothbore gun, renowned for its accuracy and penetrating capabilities. This gun can fire a variety of munitions, including armor-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot (APFSDS) rounds and high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT) rounds, enabling the tank to engage a wide range of targets with precision and effectiveness. The tank's advanced fire control system and integrated laser rangefinder allow the Leopard 2A5 to engage and neutralize enemy vehicles at extended ranges. The combat effectiveness is greatly enhanced by its utilization of the DM53 armor-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot (APFSDS) round. This advanced ammunition represents a pinnacle of tank projectiles, optimized for penetrating even the most formidable enemy armor. This formidable synergy allows the Leopard 2A5, armed with the DM53 APFSDS round, to confidently engage heavily armored threats at distances surpassing 2 kilometers (1.24 miles) and prevail in engagements that demand superior penetration capabilities.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Rh120 L/44 (120 mm)|120 mm Rh120 L/44]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 42 || rowspan="2" | -9°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__
|-
! ''Realistic''
| __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Rh120 L/44 (120 mm)/Ammunition|DM12A1, DM33, DM53}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''42''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|MG3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

In addition to its main gun, the Leopard 2A5 is equipped with secondary armaments, including a coaxial machine gun and a roof-mounted machine gun, providing effective anti-air and close-range defense capabilities.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm MG3A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| || ___ (___) || ___ || __° || __°
|-
| || ___ (___) || ___ || __° || __°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

In the realm of armored combat, the Leopard 2A5 emerges as a paragon of tactical ingenuity, harmonizing cutting-edge technology with strategic finesse. This formidable main battle tank showcases its prowess through a dynamic symphony of tactics. Adopting an ambush approach with its superb mobility, the Leopard 2A5 capitalizes on its lethal firepower and precision, lying in wait within concealed terrain before swiftly shifting positions to confound adversaries. The Leopard 2A5 seamlessly integrates the concept of hull-down defense. By leveraging its robust armor and taking advantage of natural cover, the tank presents only its turret to the enemy while maintaining its potent offensive capabilities. This tactic not only magnifies protection but ensures that the tank remains a relentless and unyielding force on the battlefield. With a prowess akin to a predator, the Leopard 2A5 embraces flank and rear attacks as a means to exploit its exceptional mobility. Executing lightning-quick maneuvers, it maneuvers to the peripheries of the battlefield, exposing enemy tanks to its voracious appetite for destruction. Through these cunning maneuvers, the tank preys on unsuspecting opponents, targeting their weaker armor and flanks, thus dismantling the enemy team.

=== Pros and cons ===
'''Pros:'''

*Excellent 120 mm gun, DM53 APFSDS is capable of penetrating up to 623 mm maximum at point-blank range
*Impenetrable turret cheeks, the add-on wedge armour makes the turret immune from every shell in the game (average of 850 mm against long rod APFSDS and 1,450 mm against HEAT)
*Good armour on the UFP (430 mm against APFSDS), immune to older shells; though many top-tier tanks possess shells which can go straight through
*Great gun handling: 40°/s turret rotation speed (with Ace crew) and -9°/+20° of vertical guidance
*Side turret covered by add-on armour can bounce early APFSDS shells
*Gunner optics are now mounted on top of the turret, removing the annoying weak spot present on the Leopard 2A4
*Cannon barrel and cannon breech absorbs impact rounds which may otherwise penetrate the turret and injure crews
*Gun breech and mantlet has a smaller profile than other western MBTs
*Good thermal imaging quality (Generation 2 for Binoculars, 800 x 600, and Generation 1 for Gunner's view, 500 x 300)
*Very good all round tank especially when played properly

'''Cons:'''

*Lower glacis can still be penetrated by most shells (but is expected for most MBTs)
*16 shells in the ready-rack may be insufficient when playing in Arcade Battles
*If your turret ammo rack is shot, you might survive but then you lose all your unloaded ammo storage
*Huge hull ammo-rack if more than 16 shells are carried consequently making the tank extremely vulnerable to HE shells
*A penetrating shot on the left side of the hull will most likely knock out the driver, gunner and commander, thus destroying the tank
*A penetrating shell on the right side of the hull will most likely hit the ammo-rack, destroying the tank
*Just like all Leopard series, raised engine deck means less gun depression when the turret is facing the rear
*The wedges can be shot off with several hits, though the turret cheeks alone provide 650 mm against KE
*Tank's weight is 4 tons increased while the engine is still the same, making the {{PAGENAME}} slower compared to the 2A4
*Despite all the added armour, the turret ring and driver's hatch are both easily penetrated, and the enemy will most likely aim at these two spots to disable or destroy the tank
*Is outperformed by its successor, the Leopard 2A6, in terms of firepower. The longer L/55 cannon on the Leopard 2A6 increases the performance of both DM33 and DM53 shells.

*

== History ==

The Leopard 2A5 is a third-generation main battle tank (MBT) developed by the German company Krauss-Maffei Wegmann (KMW). It is an upgrade to the [[Leopard 2A4]], which was the mainstay of the German Army in the late 1990s. The Leopard 2A5 was first introduced in 1995 and served as the backbone of the German Army until the [[Leopard 2A6]] replaced it in 2001.

The Leopard 2A5 features improved armor protection and a new gunner's sight. The tank's armor consists of composite armor, reactive armor, and spaced armor, providing it with superior protection against anti-tank weapons. The Leopard 2A5 also features a modified turret design, which provides better protection for the crew.

The tank's main armament is a 120 mm smoothbore gun, which is capable of firing a variety of ammunition types, including high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT), armor-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot (APFSDS), and high-explosive, variable time fuze (HE-VT) rounds. The Leopard 2A5 also features a secondary armament consisting of a coaxial 7.62 mm machine gun and a 12.7 mm machine gun mounted on the commander's hatch (which on some versions may be a 7.62mm one).

The Leopard 2A5 has been used in several conflicts around the world, including in Kosovo and Afghanistan. The tank has proven to be highly effective in combat, with its superior armor protection and firepower providing a significant advantage on the battlefield. During the Kosovo conflict, the German Army deployed a battalion of Leopard 2A5s, which saw significant action against Serbian forces. The tank's superior protection and firepower proved to be critical in the success of the German mission.

The tank proved to be incapable, though, of urban combat, as German forces suffered heavy losses to shoulder anti-tank weapons, like the RPG-7 and M136, which were highly used by guerilla and insurgency forces from rooftops and areas where the Leopard's defenses couldn't reach. Around 1997, the Leopard 2A5M TUSK I prototype was created, featuring an all-around ERA protection, as well as blowout panels, an autoloader, a shorter barrel, and a remote-controlled machine gun (to prevent the commander/loader from having to turn out of the tank to fire it). Although some units were produced, the project was abandoned quickly due to the replacement of the tank by the Leopard 2A6, along with the high production cost of the new variant.

Production of the Leopard 2A5 began in 1995, and the tank was in service until it was replaced by the Leopard 2A6 in 2001. The Leopard 2A5 was produced in Germany and exported to several other countries, including Austria, Canada, Denmark, Sweden, Spain, Norway, and Poland.

Despite its successes, the Leopard 2A5 was not without its production issues. The tank was initially delayed due to problems with the new armor technology, and production costs were higher than expected. The tank also had some reliability issues, particularly with its engine, which was prone to overheating.

In conclusion, the Leopard 2A5 is a highly effective third-generation MBT that provided a significant upgrade over its predecessor, the Leopard 2A4. The tank's superior armor protection and firepower made it a formidable opponent on the battlefield, and it has seen successful combat deployment in several conflicts around the world. While the Leopard 2A5 had some production issues, it was a critical asset for the German Army during its time in service.
== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Germany medium tanks}}

Tornado F.3

2023-08-09T21:19:38Z

U69651212: minor fixes

{{About
| about = British jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Tornado (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=tornado_f3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The introduction of the Panavia Tornado F.3 marked an enduring chapter in the annals of the Royal Air Force, leaving an indelible impact from its debut in the late 1970s through its operational legacy well into the new millennium. The Tornado F.3's sophisticated air-to-air weaponry and radar systems were prominently showcased, exemplifying its adaptability during its role as a vital guardian of British airspace during the Gulf War and beyond. As the new millennium dawned, the Tornado F.3 continued to play a crucial part in coalition endeavours, most notably supporting various NATO missions and contributing to peacekeeping efforts in the Balkans. Its legacy stretches beyond its operational significance, serving as a testament to the RAF's unwavering dedication to advanced aerial tactics and strategic air power projection throughout its service history.

It was introduced in [[Update "Sky Guardians"]]. Diverging from the [[Tornado GR.1|GR.1]] variant, the Panavia Tornado assumes the role of a fighter-interceptor in its F.3 version. Designed with a focus on air-superiority, this aircraft boasts an array of impressive missile capabilities, positioning itself as a formidable adversary against airborne threats. Equipped with advanced missile systems including the AIM-9L Sidewinder and Skyflash SuperTEMP, the Tornado F.3 is primed to excel in modern aerial combat scenarios. The AIM-9L Sidewinder enhances its close-range combat capabilities, providing a potent tool for engaging agile opponents at short distances. Meanwhile, the Skyflash SuperTEMP missile system elevates its long-range engagement potential, enabling the Tornado F.3 to neutralize even the most sophisticated and distant enemy aircraft with precision and efficacy. With these sophisticated missile technologies at its disposal, the Tornado F.3 confidently stands as a vigilant guardian of the skies, ready to swiftly and effectively counter any potential airborne intrusion.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The Tornado is a variable wing sweep plane, meaning it can adapt the wings to the current speed to avoid structural failure or extreme performance loss. Wing sweep is controlled automatically, unless the pilot forces manual controls. Flaps can only be used in wide wing sweep mode (on automatic controls up to ~760 km/h, on manual they can sustain about 1,100 km/h) and will automatically fold when the wings are swept back (meaning you don't have to think about doing it yourself). Flying the plane in manual mode outside of combat is not recommended as it is easy to forget about the wing angle when it's not a focus of pilot's attention, resulting in wing damage.

The roll rate without improved boosters is not very fast, but serviceable. Installation of improved boosters also improves roll on this plane, but removes safety restrictions and may allow the pilot to casually snap the wings by pulling and rolling simultaneously, so it is up to the user if they want to deal with this or not. The plane in general dislikes rolling and the wings will eventually snap if it continues to spin for prolonged periods of time, especially when also turning or suddenly doing negative G.

The afterburner is extremely inefficient and will easily consume 45 minutes of fuel where other planes could get away with 15. Fortunately, 45 minutes is enough to reach enemy on most maps, deal with them, and then fly back without afterburner with about 6 minutes left. Plane does not overheat from prolonged afterburner flight, at least not until it runs out of normal fuel load.

This Tornado version is often mildly faster than the bomber versions due to not carrying an additional cannon and is more stable than the German Tornados. It also does not pose such a high risk of snapping wings due to missiles having negligible weight compared to bombs.

Maximum speed at ground level in folded wing mode is 1,500 km/h, at which point the plane will start to shake and might break up, but to reach such speed the plane generally must dive from at least 4 km altitude, and have afterburner on to retain it. Without the help of gravity, the plane can fly at around 1,300 km/h with afterburner on until upgraded. Even then, minor flight direction corrections will reduce average speed. Without afterburner, the plane generally tends to unfold itself and flies at around 1,100 km/h or less.

It is ill-advised to commit to prolonged turnfights with enemies even in a wide wing mode, unless you know what you are doing, as the plane has poor acceleration rate. It may outturn some fighters, at least temporarily, but both planes would have to stall so hard that literally anyone else can take them out.

In a case of an emergency, pilot can manually order the wings to unsweep at about 1,100 km/h and immediately use combat flaps while they are still transitioning to turn into the enemy. This will sacrifice all of the plane's speed, allowing it to do one deadly attack if the pilot doesn't pass out from excessive Gs. The main and obvious downside is that lot of inputs are required to do all these actions and they need to be done near simultaneously. Any control mistake or even speed miscalculation will cause the plane to self-destruct as the wing rip speed is much lower than the one of the flaps.

Minimal speed is 330 km/h, at which the plane will glide forward with minimal height and speed loss. This can be exploited to minimize pulse-Doppler interference on radar or to survive for as long as feasible with engines off when swarmed by IR missiles. This also implies that the plane can glide over significant distances even without engines. The engines turn on in about 10 seconds and it takes a while for engine thrust to overtake gravity, so it must be turned on before the plane is about to crash due to loss of all energy, not as it already happens.

As a gimmick, the Tornado also has the option of reverse thrust. It allows to use engine output to slow the plane down instead of having to shut it off. This can be used both in air combat (together with or instead of brakes) and during landing (instead of the drag chute which the plane lacks). Upon landing, the engines can be simply shut off to prevent the plane from beginning to accelerate backwards.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 11,582 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,280 || 2,269 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 28.4 || 28.6 || 167.3 || 163.4 || rowspan="2" | 800
|-
! Upgraded
| 2,340 || 2,308 || 27.6 || 28.0 || 216.7 || 191.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="60%"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Limits
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
! Min sweep
| 972 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 1,166 || 552 || 440 || ~8 || ~3
|-
! Max sweep
| 1,555 || - || - || - || ~9 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 670 || < 650 || < 700 || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full internal fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Turbo-Union RB199-34R Mk.104 || 2
| colspan="3" | 14,659 kg || colspan="3" | 742 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with internal fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 16m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 56m fuel
|-
| 968 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning low-bypass turbofan
| 16,186 kg || 16,463 kg || 17,365 kg || 18,718 kg || 19,749 kg || 23,512 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 16m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 56m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 3,756 kgf || 7,309 kgf
| 0.90 || 0.89 || 0.84 || 0.78 || 0.74 || 0.62
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 4,169 kgf (1,400 km/h) || 8,173 kgf (1,400 km/h)
| 1.01 || 0.99 || 0.94 || 0.87 || 0.83 || 0.70
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


The Tornado's fuselage inherits the general sturdiness of the Jaguar, so it can take a rough landing at 700 km/h and will in general sustain damage without falling apart. Occasionally, the plane will survive explosions of small missiles, though this will severely reduce flight performance and should be avoided.

The wings tend to snap after taking a direct hit with explosives. Depending on severity of overall wing damage, the plane might still continue to fly with half a wing or lose all semblance of control and spiral into the ground. Loss of the tail is fatal and recovery after that is impossible.

The engines are tightly packed and tend to be destroyed together, but sometimes one of them remains functional.

The Tornado F.3 does not have any armour plates within the plane, most of the plane's central fuselage contains self-sealing fuel tanks. Having too much fuel fills the wings with fuel as well. This means the Tornado F.3 is very likely to catch fire if hit by enemy rounds or missiles, especially in the engine area. EFS is available that could potentially save the aircraft in the case of an engine fire.

Tornado F.3 can carry a lot of countermeasures on its wings and it has several large countermeasures as a last resort on its hull. Unfortunately, it is impossible to separate loadouts and controls for either countermeasure type, the large ones are used last after the small ones run out. The Tornado's afterburners run rather hot, so it is always recommended to briefly drop back to military power when attempting to flare off incoming IR missiles. The large quantity of countermeasures also allows periodic flares to be used for a while when entering a hectic airspace, allowing missiles from surprise enemy aircraft to be "pre-flared".

Another use for the excessive countermeasure count is to become semi-immune to ARH missiles by spamming chaff every 5 seconds while flying high in the sky, if pilot does not want to go down to the ground or to think about this threat at all. This seriously messes with missiles such as the Phoenix, though the periodic chaff release must be kept on through the entire flight, and it is not recommended to fly directly at them, otherwise the missile can reacquire the lock again. This does not do anything to CW SARH missiles guided by pulse-Doppler radars, and any actual missile lock alerts are not to be ignored.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs) !! Lead indicator
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Cross}} || {{Cross}} || {{Cross}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Mauser BK27 (27 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 27 mm Mauser BK27 cannon, chin-mounted (180 rpg)
* 32 x large calibre countermeasures

The main cannon is filled with APHE as main ammunition in all loadouts, so it is good at causing plane fires and destroying lightly armoured targets, including light pillboxes or tanks. The gun can destroy howitzers in 3-4 hits from 3 km away, which is decent considering the low ammunition count.

The gun can receive gun radar assist at about 1.5 km range. In this mode, the gun pointer demonstrates where the shells will fly, all pilot has to do is to fire and "slice" enemy plane hull with the gun pointer while doing so. Accuracy of the gun radar is about 80% and it is very reliable even against wiggling enemy planes within ground interference and despite low fire rate of a gun, making it superior to radar missiles during ground level fights.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="9%" | 1 !! width="9%" | 2 !! width="9%" | 3 !! width="9%" | 4 !! width="9%" | 5
| rowspan="6" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! [[AIM-9L Sidewinder]] missiles
| 1, 2 *|| || || || 1, 2 *
|-
! [[Skyflash]] missiles
| || || 4 || ||
|-
! [[Skyflash SuperTEMP]] missiles
| || || 4 || ||
|-
! Countermeasures
| 160 * || || || || 160 *
|-
! 330 gal drop tanks
| || 1 || || 1 ||
|-
| colspan="7" | * Countermeasures can be carried with Sidewinder missiles on the same hardpoint
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* 2 x 330 gal drop tanks
* 2 x AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles + 320 x countermeasures
* 4 x Skyflash missiles
* 4 x Skyflash SuperTEMP missiles
{{Navigation-End}}

The Tornado F.3 only gets to carry missiles as weapons, and the choice is rather straight forward, as they come in separate groups with direct upgrades.

AIM-9L can be utilized as a "parry" missile, as it gets agitated by any enemy missiles and will try to hit them instead of enemy plane if they fire anything. Otherwise it is sometimes useful against similar variable wing planes, in attacks from behind, or if the enemy is unaware or forgets to flare (quite uncommon at rank VII). Tornado F.3 can utilize "TWS" radar mode to slave and fire the 9L at multiple planes without changing flight direction.

The Skyflashes are the same as those used on Phantom FGR.2 and FG.1. The main advantage is that they can be launched at ridiculous angles and still manage to acquire the lock, then they turn towards the enemy right after launch without wasting time. This combines well with the "look up" and "wide" ACM radar mode, as the plane is often forced to ground level without even being able to pull the nose up by other radar missiles. In general, these missiles can acquire anything within 30 degrees of the plane nose, better if the target is below the plane (radar scope can be checked to see how many degrees above or below the nose is the selected target).

== Usage in battles ==


The Tornado F.3 is outclassed by higher tier aircraft, and is heavily dependent on its weaponry and avionics to be competitive.

During the early grind, AIM-9Ls and the radar assisted gun are the only options, meaning that you have to stay at ground level (about 20-30 m above ground) to avoid being instantly obliterated by SARH missiles. Try to stick to the flat ground, and if that is impossible, try to "dive" into the openings instead of going over them, as you will momentarily lose ground echo protection.

This makes early Tornado F.3 gameplay that of a "first encounter" plane - simply be there first and cause as much chaos as you can before enemy gets you, so your team can finish them off, or flank enemy team from the side and hope they did not notice you approaching. The gun scope does not care about "ground echo" that completely destroys radar missiles, so you can easily snipe your opponents in a head-on. Even if all you do is cause some fires, this will spell doom for the enemy plane, as they can be easily cleaned up by teammates.

A lot of planes that stick to the ground carry AIM-9Ls or R-60 variants, so turn afterburner off before actually engaging enemy planes and fire some flares while you go at them, especially at 900 m range and when pulling over hills.

In general, while grinding upgrades, try to learn how the plane radar operates. It is much more tolerant to speed differences than the "Phantom" radar and has more utility modes. Every normal mode marks allies as allies on your radar display and tries to skip them to avoid friendly fire. It has 4 standard modes and 3 ACM modes.

Normal modes are:

* Pulse-Doppler range-based mode is the default and is the least useful to Tornado F.3 mode in terms of additional information. Pulse-Doppler is immune to chaff. Used when locking on by default.
* TWS, which is a pulse-Doppler mode that allows to continuously scan a certain direction without actually locking onto it. This is the most useful scout mode, as you can set radar range to 96 km while taking off and it will immediately soft-lock and "stick" itself to enemy players that are just taking off from their airfield, so you know where they went. Upon reaching 50 km range you can use TWS to guess if enemy fired any long range missiles yet (they are quite visible in 39 km mode, usually it is a faint dot next to originating plane with a much longer "speed" line, flying at 1,100 m/s when selected). Tends to be inaccurate until actual lock is enforced, but can be used to fire AIM-9L through "selecting" targets without actually locking onto them (high level players spam flares upon receiving radar lock just to be safe).
* Pulse-Doppler speed based mode - alternate radar mode that shows relative speed of enemy planes instead of range. Also demonstrates the dead zone of the pulse-Doppler, allowing you to gauge if it will be easy for current target to lose your radar lock and counter a Skyflash that way.
* Search - basic radar mode. Tends to wiggle and lock onto everyone around current target, not immune to chaff and is often bad (though not useless) at and especially against low altitudes. Does not have a speed dead zone unlike pulse-Doppler. Locking while using it will use "normal" lock as well.

ACM does not have IFF and will lock onto everything and anything that goes into the radar scope. You can swap between "pulse-doppler" and "normal" ACM if one or another does not work on your current target, but upon lock loss the PD mode will be activated again by default. There are 3 scope types to choose from:

* Normal small square - same as with every plane, primarily used when going into intense fight with teammates involved, as otherwise it is very easy to attack wrong target.
* Wide square - general use scope for ground level fights, allows you to lock onto anything that you can realistically target with a gun, with some additional reach above and below you for missiles.
* Look-up - mode that specifically looks in a thin line 31-60 degrees above you. Can be used both at ground level and in the sky by rolling the plane, if you want to target something on the side or below.

One of the most important features of the Tornado F.3's radar is that, even while locked on, you can swap between pulse-doppler and normal lock without breaking it. Even if your target "notches" (goes perpendicular to you), you can temporarily swap to normal tracking mode to continue guiding the Skyflash. You can even save the lock that is already "blinking" if you are fast enough. Remember to swap back to pulse-Doppler after the dead-zone window had passed, as normal search mode tends to throw the missile around, which reduces its speed severely.

The Skyflash SuperTEMPs are very potent but not on par with the [[AIM-7F Sparrow]]s. They accelerate faster and will outpace the AIM-7F within 4-6 km in a straight line, but refrain from trying to BVR duel with more modern Phantom variants. The Skyflash will hang at around the same speed as the AIM-7F at BVR ranges. Due to how long the AIM-7F/M burns it will eventually outpace the Skyflash at longer ranges. The Skyflash is not an effective weapon against the [[R-27ER]] or the [[Matra Super 530D]]. Your prime targets are unsuspecting targets 4-9 km away heading generally towards you. You can also use it from behind at targets that try to pull away at ranges of 1.5 km or so, due to the high tolerance of Tornado pulse-Doppler radar, which is ironically reinforced through simultaneously amazing and poor energy retention of the plane itself. The slower Tornado goes, the harder it is to lose pulse-Doppler lock by flying away from it and the plane is extremely unlikely to crash even when stalled to the minimum speed, while also being very likely to be in this situation due to how poorly it turns sometimes.

If not hanging at ground level, avoid entering and staying in the furball as then you will likely have many missiles shot at you, combined with the Tornado's poor manoeuvrability that means almost certain death. Instead, lock up head-on targets using ACM mode then fire off a Skyflash at your enemy, if they also launch a missile at you, start to notch their radar as fast as you can while releasing flares and chaff, or immediately drop to the ground (lower than 30 metres). If the enemy starts to notch your radar, switch the radar mode from PD HDN to standard search as it'll be immune to notching, though it may not work if you are above or in front of a mountain (due to general ground clutter) or enemy is spamming chaff. Another option is to lock up the enemy with radar but fire off an AIM-9L instead, then continue to behave as if you fired radar missile. Sometimes this will confuse the enemy into not releasing flares as they will believe that you fired a Skyflash instead of a AIM-9L, though at long range most people will try to flare at least once before starting to panic.

Don't dogfight. You have no workable advantages against your opponent unless they are already badly crippled with large sections of their wings/tail missing. If you are chased, get a teammate to cover your back or run back to the airfield. Try and fly in a straight line given your speed bleed in any sort of turn manoeuvre, but also keep an eye out for potential IR missiles.

The Tornado F.3 likes to fly predictable, straight paths and makes very predictable manoeuvres. Any enemy with an ounce of situational awareness will easily be able to keep tabs on you with no effort whatsoever. You can't really make unpredictable manoeuvres and sneak up on people given your overall lack of mobility in any direction other than forward. This makes it hard to employ your AIM-9Ls or your guns, given it is very difficult to stick to an opponent's tail for a good rear aspect shot. Although you will still find the AIM-9L to be a very consistent weapon and a good close to mid range missile.

At lower BRs, you can outrange pretty much anyone at your own BR with Skyflash missiles. Your biggest challenge will be F-4J/S with their AIM-7Fs and PDV radars. You have a fair chance of spotting and locking them first given your superior radar. However this doesn't mean you have the advantage as the AIM-7F will out-speed the Skyflash SuperTEMP. If a missile joust must be started, try to delay the launch of the enemy missile until a close distance (lower than around 8 km) as in those ranges the Skyflash will out-speed the AIM-7F.

Avoid pulling negative Gs in the Tornado F.3. As with most British planes and many top tier planes, the negative G performance of the Tornado is poor. Unlike the British [[Phantom FGR.2|Phantoms]], your wings are not sturdy enough to sustain negative Gs even for a few seconds, often snapping as soon as you put your nose down if you equipped "new boosters". The Tornado is generally an unstable aircraft and prone to flat spinning as soon as the wing falls off, so don't expect to get back to base once you've lost a wing. Rolling with boosters can easily make the Tornado snap its wings. When in a turn, refrain from rolling in a -2G+ turn or else there is a good chance you may loose one or both wings. You may not have the controllability to recover and you may go into an uncontrollable spin depending on how violently you were rolling.

==== Countering common radar missiles ====

* [[AIM-7F Sparrow|AIM-7F]]/[[AIM-7M Sparrow|M]]. Your Skyflash SuperTEMP will be faster than these missiles when under 6-8 km, above that distance, the AIM-7F/M will be faster.
* [[R-27ER]]/[[R-27ER1|ER1]]. This missile will outperform the Skyflash SuperTEMP in every way, the only possible way to shoot down a MiG-29 or Yak-141 in the missile joust is to fire first, attempt to parry their missile with 9L before attacking, or try to go into their radar blind spot by notching, going next to the ground or at least going below the enemy plane, because their radars have worse tracking angles below (45° versus 60° of the Tornado F.3)
* [[Matra Super 530D]]. At close range, the Skyflash SuperTEMP has better acceleration and will eventually out range the Matra Super 530D.
* [[Aspide-1A]]. Very fast missile, but the carriers of these missiles either have weak flight performance (F-104S.ASA) or a weak radar (J-8B). The Skyflash SuperTEMP will also outrange the Aspide-1A.
* [[AIM-54A Phoenix]]. These missiles have a lot of range, generally produce no missile alerts and are self-sufficient, however it's very easy to notice the incoming missile on TWS radar display and simply notch it. Long range launch can be countered by periodic chaff release (once in 5 seconds should work).

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High top speed at low altitudes
* Has a lot of countermeasures, including large-calibre ones
* Can carry 8 air-to-air missiles at once
** [[Skyflash SuperTEMP]] are effective SARH missiles in a BVR role
** Potent all-aspect heat-seeking [[AIM-9L Sidewinder|AIM-9L]] missiles, though everyone is aware of it
* Has radar gunsight that is immune to ground echo interference
* Advanced radar for its BR
** Includes TWS that indicates direction of enemy
** PD radar has IFF mode
** Higher PD speed threshold than all rank VII and many rank VIII planes
* Can carry drop tanks to extend range to compensate for its intense fuel consumption
* Has reverse thrust to reduce landing distance and to stall midair

'''Cons:'''

* Poor turning performance in any wing mode
** Very difficult to kinetically dodge SARH missiles
* Mediocre acceleration
* Equipping "new boosters" will allow it to snap its own wings if not handled carefully
* Other BVR missiles have a longer range in an uptier, has to stay low on ground
* Limited 19 km ACM range, may be too short in uptier.
* The 27 mm cannon has a low rate of fire, low ammunition count, and mediocre damage if it didn't set target on fire
* If engine was destroyed and hard landing is not an option, landing will take a long time as there is no drag chute

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=tornado_f3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|8q2mDrbxOT8|'''The Shooting Range #350''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:25 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|Kk-ag2B2ZqU|'''Tornado F.3: A Basic Review''' - ''Tims Variety''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Tornado (Family)]] , [[Tornado ADV]] is essentially identical.
* [[MiG-23MLD]] - similar plane of the Soviet, variations of which are commonly seen in battle.

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Panavia}}
{{Britain jet aircraft}}

Tornado GR.1

2023-08-09T21:15:53Z

U69651212: missed a section to edit

{{About
| about = British strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Tornado (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=tornado_gr1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. The Panavia Tornado GR.1 stands as a testament to its lasting impact within the Royal Air Force, spanning from its debut in the late 1970s to its operational tenure until the turn of the millennium. The Tornado GR.1's exceptional versatility was further underscored during Operation Desert Storm in the early 1990s, where it executed precision strikes with remarkable precision, solidifying its reputation as a potent force in modern aerial warfare. As the new millennium dawned, the aircraft continued to serve valiantly, being a key asset in peacekeeping missions and coalition operations in various theaters, including Bosnia and Kosovo. The Panavia Tornado GR.1's legacy extends beyond its operational prowess; it symbolizes the RAF's commitment to operational innovation and its ability to evolve to meet the changing demands of global security scenarios.

The Tornado GR.1 was introduced in [[Update "Apex Predators"]], a versatile and multifaceted aircraft poised to reshape the lacking CAS capabilities of British tech-tree. This remarkable aircraft seamlessly adapts to the role of a versatile multi-role warrior, skillfully engaging both ground and aerial targets across an array of scenarios. With a flexible array of armaments at its disposal, the Tornado GR.1 stands ready to confront a wide spectrum of challenges, from lightly armored targets able to be taken out with rockets, to entrenched ground targets. As it materializes as underappreciated, the Tornado GR.1 silently emerges as a potent ground assailant, utilizing its capacity for precision strikes from a calculated distance, unsettling even the most vigilant of anti-aircraft units with Precision Guided Munitions (PGM). Tailored to pilots who revel in the intricate dynamics of multifaceted operations and diverse weapon configurations, the Panavia Tornado GR.1 beckons to those who traverse the skies with a combination of deliberate patience and honed skill.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 10,972 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,991 || 1,991 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.4 || 31.5 || 155.1 || 152.8 || rowspan="2" | 800
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="60%"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Limits
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
! Min sweep
| 972 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || rowspan="2" | 1,166 || rowspan="2" | 552 || rowspan="2" | 440 || ~8 || ~3
|-
! Max sweep
| 1,555 || ~9 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 670 || < 650 || < 700 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full internal fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Turbo-Union RB199-34R Mk.101 || 2
| colspan="3" | 14,309 kg || colspan="3" | 634 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with internal fuel (no weapons load or external fuel) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 17m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 58m fuel
|-
| 968 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning low-bypass turbofan
| 15,836 kg || 16,054 kg || 16,926 kg || 18,234 kg || 19,399 kg || 25,910 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 17m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 58m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 3,633 kgf || 7,015 kgf
| 0.89 || 0.87 || 0.83 || 0.77 || 0.72 || 0.54
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 4,032 kgf (1,400 km/h) || 7,845 kgf (1,400 km/h)
| 0.99 || 0.98 || 0.93 || 0.86 || 0.81 || 0.61
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The Tornado has no armour to speak of and is relatively large, making it an easy target for enemy guns. Almost any hit to the center part of the Tornado will leave its speed crippled, while any hit to the wings and tail will most likely cripple flight performance, if not disabling the aircraft outright. Although it could in theory make its way back to base even with only one engine, any enemy attention during this timespan will most likely get you sent back to the hangar. It also has 2 pilots, which means that you can continue flying in the unlikely case that only 1 pilot is knocked out.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs) !! Lead indicator
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Cross}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Mauser BK27 (27 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 27 mm Mauser BK27 cannons, chin-mounted (180 rpg = 360 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="4.8%" | 1 !! width="4.8%" | 2 !! width="4.8%" | 3 !! width="4.8%" | 4 !! width="4.8%" | 5 !! width="4.8%" | 6 !! width="4.8%" | 7 !! width="4.8%" | 8 !! width="4.8%" | 9 !! width="4.8%" | 10 !! width="4.8%" | 11
| rowspan="9" width="25%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! [[H.E. M.C. Mk.13 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13]] bombs
| || || 1, 2 || 1, 2‡ || 1, 2‡ * || 1*‡ || 1, 2‡ * || 1, 2‡ || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[H.E. M.C. Mk.13 No.117 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13 No.117]] bombs
| || || 1, 2 || 1, 2‡ || 1, 2‡ * || 1*‡ || 1, 2‡ * || 1, 2‡ || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83]] bombs
| || || 1, 2 || 1, 2‡ || 1, 2‡ * || 1*‡ || 1, 2‡ * || 1, 2‡ || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[Mk.13 (546 kg)|546 kg Mk.13]] bombs
| || || 1† || 1† || || 1*†‡ || || || 1†* || ||
|-
! [[PGM 500 (404 kg)|404 kg PGM 500]] bombs
| || || 1 || 1* || || || || 1* || 1 || ||
|-
! [[PGM 2000 (1,060 kg)|1,060 kg PGM 2000]] bombs
| || || 1 || 1* || || || || 1* || 1 || ||
|-
! [[GBU-24 Paveway III (2,000 lb)|2,000 lb GBU-24 Paveway III]] bombs
| || || || 1*† || || || || || || ||
|-
! [[AIM-9L Sidewinder]] missiles
| || 1 || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! Large calibre countermeasures
| 28 || || || || || || || || || || 28
|-
! TIALD targeting pod
| || || || || || || || 1† || || ||
|-
! 1,500 l drop tanks
| || || 1 || || || || || || 1 || ||
|-
| colspan="13" | * Marked guided bombs on hardpoints 4/8 cannot be equipped with bombs on hardpoint 6 or hardpoints 5/7 respectively † TIALD targeting pod must be equipped when using marked guided bombs ‡ Bombs on hardpoint 6 cannot be equipped with dual bomb mounts on hardpoints 4-8
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* 2 x 1,500 l drop tanks
* 56 x large calibre countermeasures
* 2 x AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x 546 kg Mk.13 bombs (2,184 kg total)
* 1 x 2,000 lb GBU-24 Paveway III bomb (2,000 lb total)
* 7 x 1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13 bombs (7,000 lb total)
* 7 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (7,000 lb total)
* 12 x 1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13 bombs (12,000 lb total)
* 12 x 1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13 No.117 bombs (12,000 lb total)
* 12 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (12,000 lb total)
* 4 x 1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13 bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 4 x 404 kg PGM 500 bombs (1,616 kg total)
* 3 x 1,060 kg PGM 2000 bombs (3,180 kg total)
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==

There are multiple ways to use the Tornado in ARB, one tactic is to stick to the team and try and give support with your AIM-9Ls on your way to the enemy bases and/or ground targets. This gives you the advantage of team cover and a bit of safety, although you will undoubtedly be in the midst of battle once enemy interceptors and fighters reach your team. The other tactic would be to go full throttle directly to the enemy bases while keeping extremely low to the ground to decrease your chances of being spotted visually or by radar. While this leaves you mostly alone and isolated from the possible support of your team, you will be able to take a more direct route to your main target, meaning you'll be able to evade any slower or unsuspecting enemies. Taking an active role in air-to-air combat is not advised, as the Tornado's flight performance is not suited to it and you'll most likely be shot down very quickly. So keep in mind that although the Tornado is fast, its not very manoeuvrable at high speed so try to avoid faster enemies such as the [[F-16 (Family)|F-16]] or the [[F-14A Early|F-14]]. In the case of 1-to-1 confrontation the best option is to simply hope you are faster and run away, against capable fighters like the MiG-23, F-16, MiG-29, Viggen, F-14, and Mirage 2000 you don't stand a chance, unless the enemy pilot is extremely inexperienced. With countermeasures you are able to survive for longer if you can time their use and can dodge without losing too much of your speed. In GRB you can easily pick off enemy SPAA once you have unlocked your laser guided bombs, so try to fly as high as possibile. If you only have dumb bombs you're going to need to stick to the ground as much as possibile to avoid enemy AA, you can't linger too much on the battlefield or else the enemy team will begin to prioratise you as a target. You also need to be very weary of what type of enemy air has been spawned in, if you focus too much on ground vehicles you become easy pickings for any enemy aircraft which can take advantage of you not realising they're there. In conclusion, play a reserved role and only engage when you think its clear.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* Variable sweep wing
* Large payload
* Advanced weapons
* Supersonic

'''Cons:'''

* Can struggle in air-to-air combat
* High fuel consumption
* Bombs severely limit its maximum speed to about Mach 1.05
* No search radar

== History ==

The Panavia Tornado GR.1 was a multi-role combat aircraft, the result of an international collaboration between British, German and Italian companies which in 1969 formed the Panavia company to manufacture the Tornado. Its first flight was 14th August 1974 and was introduced to the RAF in 1986 but its first use in combat was not until 1991 in the Gulf war and was in service until March 2019.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=tornado_gr1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;[[Tornado (Family)|Related development]]

* [[Tornado IDS ASSTA1 (Germany)]]
* [[Tornado IDS (1995) (Italy)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8013-development-tornado-ids-gr-1-the-european-striker-en|[Devblog] Tornado IDS (GR.1): The European Striker]]

{{AirManufacturer Panavia}}
{{Britain jet aircraft}}

Tornado GR.1

2023-08-09T21:15:03Z

U69651212: fixed error

{{About
| about = British strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Tornado (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=tornado_gr1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. The Panavia Tornado GR.1 stands as a testament to its lasting impact within the Royal Air Force, spanning from its debut in the late 1970s to its operational tenure until the turn of the millennium. This revered aircraft played a pivotal role in pivotal historical episodes, where its potent strike capabilities and adaptability were showcased in the South Atlantic theater. The Tornado GR.1's exceptional versatility was further underscored during Operation Desert Storm in the early 1990s, where it executed precision strikes with remarkable precision, solidifying its reputation as a potent force in modern aerial warfare. As the new millennium dawned, the aircraft continued to serve valiantly, being a key asset in peacekeeping missions and coalition operations in various theaters, including Bosnia and Kosovo. The Panavia Tornado GR.1's legacy extends beyond its operational prowess; it symbolizes the RAF's commitment to operational innovation and its ability to evolve to meet the changing demands of global security scenarios.

The Tornado GR.1 was introduced in [[Update "Apex Predators"]], a versatile and multifaceted aircraft poised to reshape the lacking CAS capabilities of British tech-tree. This remarkable aircraft seamlessly adapts to the role of a versatile multi-role warrior, skillfully engaging both ground and aerial targets across an array of scenarios. With a flexible array of armaments at its disposal, the Tornado GR.1 stands ready to confront a wide spectrum of challenges, from lightly armored targets able to be taken out with rockets, to entrenched ground targets. As it materializes as underappreciated, the Tornado GR.1 silently emerges as a potent ground assailant, utilizing its capacity for precision strikes from a calculated distance, unsettling even the most vigilant of anti-aircraft units with Precision Guided Munitions (PGM). Tailored to pilots who revel in the intricate dynamics of multifaceted operations and diverse weapon configurations, the Panavia Tornado GR.1 beckons to those who traverse the skies with a combination of deliberate patience and honed skill.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 10,972 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,991 || 1,991 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.4 || 31.5 || 155.1 || 152.8 || rowspan="2" | 800
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="60%"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Limits
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
! Min sweep
| 972 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || rowspan="2" | 1,166 || rowspan="2" | 552 || rowspan="2" | 440 || ~8 || ~3
|-
! Max sweep
| 1,555 || ~9 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 670 || < 650 || < 700 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full internal fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Turbo-Union RB199-34R Mk.101 || 2
| colspan="3" | 14,309 kg || colspan="3" | 634 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with internal fuel (no weapons load or external fuel) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 17m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 58m fuel
|-
| 968 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning low-bypass turbofan
| 15,836 kg || 16,054 kg || 16,926 kg || 18,234 kg || 19,399 kg || 25,910 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 17m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 58m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 3,633 kgf || 7,015 kgf
| 0.89 || 0.87 || 0.83 || 0.77 || 0.72 || 0.54
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 4,032 kgf (1,400 km/h) || 7,845 kgf (1,400 km/h)
| 0.99 || 0.98 || 0.93 || 0.86 || 0.81 || 0.61
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The Tornado has no armour to speak of and is relatively large, making it an easy target for enemy guns. Almost any hit to the center part of the Tornado will leave its speed crippled, while any hit to the wings and tail will most likely cripple flight performance, if not disabling the aircraft outright. Although it could in theory make its way back to base even with only one engine, any enemy attention during this timespan will most likely get you sent back to the hangar. It also has 2 pilots, which means that you can continue flying in the unlikely case that only 1 pilot is knocked out.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs) !! Lead indicator
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Cross}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Mauser BK27 (27 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 27 mm Mauser BK27 cannons, chin-mounted (180 rpg = 360 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="4.8%" | 1 !! width="4.8%" | 2 !! width="4.8%" | 3 !! width="4.8%" | 4 !! width="4.8%" | 5 !! width="4.8%" | 6 !! width="4.8%" | 7 !! width="4.8%" | 8 !! width="4.8%" | 9 !! width="4.8%" | 10 !! width="4.8%" | 11
| rowspan="9" width="25%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! [[H.E. M.C. Mk.13 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13]] bombs
| || || 1, 2 || 1, 2‡ || 1, 2‡ * || 1*‡ || 1, 2‡ * || 1, 2‡ || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[H.E. M.C. Mk.13 No.117 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13 No.117]] bombs
| || || 1, 2 || 1, 2‡ || 1, 2‡ * || 1*‡ || 1, 2‡ * || 1, 2‡ || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83]] bombs
| || || 1, 2 || 1, 2‡ || 1, 2‡ * || 1*‡ || 1, 2‡ * || 1, 2‡ || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[Mk.13 (546 kg)|546 kg Mk.13]] bombs
| || || 1† || 1† || || 1*†‡ || || || 1†* || ||
|-
! [[PGM 500 (404 kg)|404 kg PGM 500]] bombs
| || || 1 || 1* || || || || 1* || 1 || ||
|-
! [[PGM 2000 (1,060 kg)|1,060 kg PGM 2000]] bombs
| || || 1 || 1* || || || || 1* || 1 || ||
|-
! [[GBU-24 Paveway III (2,000 lb)|2,000 lb GBU-24 Paveway III]] bombs
| || || || 1*† || || || || || || ||
|-
! [[AIM-9L Sidewinder]] missiles
| || 1 || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! Large calibre countermeasures
| 28 || || || || || || || || || || 28
|-
! TIALD targeting pod
| || || || || || || || 1† || || ||
|-
! 1,500 l drop tanks
| || || 1 || || || || || || 1 || ||
|-
| colspan="13" | * Marked guided bombs on hardpoints 4/8 cannot be equipped with bombs on hardpoint 6 or hardpoints 5/7 respectively † TIALD targeting pod must be equipped when using marked guided bombs ‡ Bombs on hardpoint 6 cannot be equipped with dual bomb mounts on hardpoints 4-8
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* 2 x 1,500 l drop tanks
* 56 x large calibre countermeasures
* 2 x AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x 546 kg Mk.13 bombs (2,184 kg total)
* 1 x 2,000 lb GBU-24 Paveway III bomb (2,000 lb total)
* 7 x 1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13 bombs (7,000 lb total)
* 7 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (7,000 lb total)
* 12 x 1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13 bombs (12,000 lb total)
* 12 x 1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13 No.117 bombs (12,000 lb total)
* 12 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (12,000 lb total)
* 4 x 1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13 bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 4 x 404 kg PGM 500 bombs (1,616 kg total)
* 3 x 1,060 kg PGM 2000 bombs (3,180 kg total)
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==

There are multiple ways to use the Tornado in ARB, one tactic is to stick to the team and try and give support with your AIM-9Ls on your way to the enemy bases and/or ground targets. This gives you the advantage of team cover and a bit of safety, although you will undoubtedly be in the midst of battle once enemy interceptors and fighters reach your team. The other tactic would be to go full throttle directly to the enemy bases while keeping extremely low to the ground to decrease your chances of being spotted visually or by radar. While this leaves you mostly alone and isolated from the possible support of your team, you will be able to take a more direct route to your main target, meaning you'll be able to evade any slower or unsuspecting enemies. Taking an active role in air-to-air combat is not advised, as the Tornado's flight performance is not suited to it and you'll most likely be shot down very quickly. So keep in mind that although the Tornado is fast, its not very manoeuvrable at high speed so try to avoid faster enemies such as the [[F-16 (Family)|F-16]] or the [[F-14A Early|F-14]]. In the case of 1-to-1 confrontation the best option is to simply hope you are faster and run away, against capable fighters like the MiG-23, F-16, MiG-29, Viggen, F-14, and Mirage 2000 you don't stand a chance, unless the enemy pilot is extremely inexperienced. With countermeasures you are able to survive for longer if you can time their use and can dodge without losing too much of your speed. In GRB you can easily pick off enemy SPAA once you have unlocked your laser guided bombs, so try to fly as high as possibile. If you only have dumb bombs you're going to need to stick to the ground as much as possibile to avoid enemy AA, you can't linger too much on the battlefield or else the enemy team will begin to prioratise you as a target. You also need to be very weary of what type of enemy air has been spawned in, if you focus too much on ground vehicles you become easy pickings for any enemy aircraft which can take advantage of you not realising they're there. In conclusion, play a reserved role and only engage when you think its clear.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* Variable sweep wing
* Large payload
* Advanced weapons
* Supersonic

'''Cons:'''

* Can struggle in air-to-air combat
* High fuel consumption
* Bombs severely limit its maximum speed to about Mach 1.05
* No search radar

== History ==

The Panavia Tornado GR.1 was a multi-role combat aircraft, the result of an international collaboration between British, German and Italian companies which in 1969 formed the Panavia company to manufacture the Tornado. Its first flight was 14th August 1974 and was introduced to the RAF in 1986 but its first use in combat was not until 1991 in the Gulf war and was in service until March 2019.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=tornado_gr1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;[[Tornado (Family)|Related development]]

* [[Tornado IDS ASSTA1 (Germany)]]
* [[Tornado IDS (1995) (Italy)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8013-development-tornado-ids-gr-1-the-european-striker-en|[Devblog] Tornado IDS (GR.1): The European Striker]]

{{AirManufacturer Panavia}}
{{Britain jet aircraft}}

VRCC

2023-08-09T21:11:04Z

U69651212: done

{{Specs-Card
|code=it_vrcc_centauro
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|StoreImage_{{PAGENAME}}_002.jpg}}
|store=11443
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian light tank {{Battle-rating}}. Introduced into the service of the Spanish Army in the late 1990s, the VRCC (Cavalry Reconnaissance and Combat Vehicle) has proven to be an invaluable asset over the years. Since its introduction, the VRCC has been an essential component in various military operations and exercises, making significant contributions to Spain's defense capability. Belonging to prestigious Cavalry regiments such as the 10th "Alcántara" Cavalry Regiment and the 12th "Farnesio" Cavalry Regiment, the VRCC has established a legacy of excellence in military service throughout the 2000s and 2010s. The VRCC has taken part in various operational missions over the years, including deployments in regions such as the Balkans, the Middle East, and Africa. From peacekeeping and security missions in the Balkans to support operations in conflict zones in the Middle East and Africa, the VRCC has proven its capability to adapt to different environments and situations.

The VRCC was introduced in [[Update "Drone Age"]]. It stands as a formidable force. Armed with a potent 105mm cannon, it possesses the ability to engage and neutralize a wide spectrum of targets with accuracy and efficiency. Its swift mobility across diverse landscapes empowers rapid deployment and tactical maneuverability, ensuring a potent presence on the battlefield. Enhanced by advanced electronic systems, the VRCC offers heightened situational awareness, enabling effective command and control. Whether conducting reconnaissance or providing support in offensive operations, the VRCC's combat capabilities underscore its crucial role on the battlefield.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


The survival strategy of the VRCC resonates with the hit-and-run doctrine, which mirrors the mobility-driven defense tactic observed in the [[Centauro (Family)|B1 Centauro]]. This approach capitalizes on exploiting the vehicle's exceptional mobility to limit exposure to adversaries, swiftly execute precise attacks, and promptly reposition before effective retaliation is possible. In parallel to this doctrine, the VRCC optimizes its survival potential by minimizing prolonged engagements, sustaining continuous movement. Its remarkable mobility across diverse terrains permits rapid transitions, rendering enemy identification and tracking arduous. By adhering to this philosophy, the VRCC orchestrates surprise offensives, leveraging its potent armament to inflict damage before tactically withdrawing to thwart the adversary's responsive measures.

This mobility paradigm not only bolsters offensive efficacy but also serves as a linchpin in defensive maneuvers. By evading predictable stances, the VRCC markedly diminishes vulnerability to enemy hazards like direct fire or anti-tank weaponry. This stratagem empowers the VRCC to sidestep threats, ensuring crew safety. Crucially, the union of hit-and-run doctrine with mobility-centric defense underscores the VRCC's capacity to excel on the battlefields. The vehicle adeptly deploys firepower with precision, strategically retreating to assure self-preservation. The additional armor kits fortify its defensive potential against high-caliber machineguns and limited protection against autocannons.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 15 mm (80°) ''Upper Glacis'' 35 mm (45°) ''Lower Glacis''
| 25 mm (47°) ''Top'' 25 mm (0-28°) ''Bottom''
| 20 mm (21°) || 15 mm (20°) ''Front glacis'' 20 mm ''Crew compartment'' 10 mm ''Engine vent''
|-
| Turret || 25 mm (19°)Turret front 40 mm (6°-51°-56°) Gun mantlet
| 25 mm (18°) || 15+15 mm (12°) ''Left section'' 15 mm ''Right section'' 10 mm (85°) ''Turret overhang''
| 15+15 mm (5°) ''Front'' 15 mm ''Rear''
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=806|rbMinHp=460}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|OTO Melara 105/52 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[OTO Melara 105/52 (105 mm)|105 mm OTO Melara 105/52]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 40 || rowspan="2" | -6°/+16° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 21.7 || 30.0 || 36.5 || 40.3 || 42.9 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 13.6 || 16.0 || 19.4 || 21.4 || 22.8
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:OTO Melara 105/52 (105 mm)/Ammunition|M456, M416, M393A2, M735, DM33}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''40''' || 29 ''(+11)'' || 17 ''(+23)'' || 12 ''(+28)'' || 1 ''(+39)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|Beretta MG42/59 (7.62 mm)}}

The VRCC-105 is equipped with two 7.62 mm Beretta MG42/59 machine guns with a high rate of fire. One machine gun is coaxial and operates on the same axes as the main cannon. The other machine gun is mounted to the left of the commander's cupola and moves independently from the rest of the turret. This gives it a 360-degree rotation. These machine guns can sometimes be effective against helicopters and slow-moving planes, but a large number of bullets are required to take down these targets. Otherwise, the machine guns are ineffective against armoured targets such as enemy tanks and IFVs. They can be used to take down foliage and light obstructions in order to clean lines of travel or sight. If fired at an enemy turret it has the potential to obscure the gunner's view, making it harder for the enemy to shoot you. Otherwise, the machine guns are unremarkable.
{| class="wikitable" width="50%" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" |[[Beretta MG42/59 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Beretta MG42/59]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 4,600 (200) || 801 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Pintle || 2,000 (200) || 801 || -8°/+20° || ±120°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==



The VRCC-105 is a great tank destroyer than can be truly difficult to take out when used by a player that knows both its pros and cons. The VRCC's wheeled configuration offers the player a vehicle which not only is highly mobile, but a vehicle which can support its team in several ways. As a support vehicle the VRCC has access to the binoculars which are able to scout enemy players. Make sure to remain hidden whilst doing this, allowing your team to know where enemies are will ultimately mean that their situational awareness will rise and keep you and the rest of the team safe. Another way the VRCC 105 can scout is with the scout drone mechanic that all players who have bought the vehicle get access to from the get-go. With the scouting drone you are able to bring out a small drone to spot enemies and do battlefield survailance. There is some cons to doing this however, when using the scouting drone you remain defenceless, at the mercy of the enemy team and the protection of your own teamates. Make sure when using it you are hidden or somewhere safe. The pros of using this support drone are quite a lot, for starters it heavily complements your anti-tank gameplay. When using the VRCC 105 you should base your playstyle on speedy stealth flanking strikes or reconnaissance (scouting) with a sharp emphasis on sniping. You have access to a more than capable 105 mm cannon with the ability to fire APFSDS and HEAT rounds. The cannon can pretty much deal with anything your will encounter, as long as you know your enemies weakspots. When it comes to armor, you don't have much to work with sadly. The VRCC is only able to withstand machine-gun fire and at times take hits from low level auto-cannon fire. You do have access to a thermal imaging device, this will be one of the more useful items in your arsenal and will allow you to better spot enemies from behind cover, as well as quickly engage and disengage without exposing yourself long enough for the enemy to see you coming. Though this movement flexibility comes with the loss of armour protection as previously mentioned, you can play well with this vehicle if you are able to master its playstyle.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High top speed
* Deadly armour-piercing rounds
* Thermal imager

'''Cons:'''

* Light armour
* Inadequate off-road mobility

== History ==


The story of the VRCC-105 began in Italy during the late stages of the cold war. The Italian army during the 1980s issued a set of requirements for a new vehicle that would have equivalent firepower to the Leopard 1 MBT in Italian service at the time, but with greater combat mobility and the ability to reach greater points of strategic control. In response to this, the Italian companies known as Fiat, Iveco and Oto Melara would have joined forces in a 3-way consortium to begin developing the new vehicle requested by the Italian Army. In this joint venture, Fiat and Iveco were developing the vehicle's hull and power supply, whilst Oto Melara took care of the vehicle's turret, optics and weapon systems. The vehicle would need to be light enough to be be used for recon but also to allow the installation of the turret to not drag the vehicle down. Due to this the Centauro wouldn't be heavily armoured so it did pose a danger to the crew if they were to be hit by an enemy tank. Thankfully what it lacked in protection, meant it excelled in speed. The B1 Centauro was easily able to reach the speed of up to 105+km per hour on road. Due to this feat the vehicle became quite sought after. The B1 Centauro featured a 105mm cannon made by OTO Melara which was able to fire a multitude of NATO standard munitions, such as APDS, HEAT, HESH and APFSDS. In 1986, the final prototype of the B1 Centauro project was unveiled on Sardinia. Impressed by the B1 Centauro, the Italian Military placed orders for a number of vehicles, going in production in 1991 with the first ones entering service as early as 1992. Italy would modify the B1 Centauro during its service, for example some would feature the SICCONA battle management system, but one of the more popular modifications was the introduction of Kevlar shields around the turret which gave an increase in ballistic protection to the vehicle and crew.

Years later Spain would show interest in purchasing the vehicle to allow the Spanish army to retire their AMX-30's tanks. In total the Spanish army bought 84 units, which would be delivered from 2001-2006 in separate batches. The first batch was fully made in Italy, however the second would have mechanical and electronic parts made in Spain, built by the Spanish CIO consortium subsidiaries (OTO-Melara Iberica and IVECO-Pegaso and Amper). Spain also would contract several of their companies to create dedicated munitions for their Centauros. Other modifications fitted also include the time Spain had upgraded their FCS of their Centauros to allow the crew to have access to Gen 2 optics. Another modification although not as common would be the addition of an add-on armour plate in front on the hull. Other than that these Centauros are virtually identical to their Italian counterparts. These Centauro's would be used by the following Spanish regiments; ''Regimiento de Caballería "Pavía", Regimiento de Caballería "Lusitania"'' and finally ''Regimiento de Caballería "España" ''. For now the Spanish Centauros will remain in service however they may be interested in the evolution of it, the B2 Centauro, to replace them similarly to how the Italian army is doing.

Devblog

Since 2000, the Italian B1 Centauro wheeled armoured vehicle has been supplied to the Spanish army. With its new operators, the vehicle index changed to VRCC (Vehículos de Reconocimiento y Combate de Caballería - "cavalry reconnaissance and combat vehicle"), but the name itself remained unchanged. The vehicles were built in Italy and differed from the basic B1 version by a slightly modified frontal hull armour and the smoke grenade launchers, the same as found on the second Centauro series. The contract for the second batch of machines, signed in 2002, also included partial licensing of the production for the Spanish domestic market, as well as the modernization of the fire control system by installing a more advanced gunner's Thermal vision device. In addition, the armament of the VRCC Centauro was reinforced with a second light machine gun on the turret roof.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=it_vrcc_centauro Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==



* [[Centauro I 105]]
* [[Centauro I 105 R]]
* [[Centauro I 120]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7829-development-pre-order-vrcc-centauro-en|[Devblog] Pre-order: VRCC Centauro]]

{{TankManufacturer OTO Melara}}
{{Italy light tanks}}
{{Italy premium ground vehicles}}
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

Su-39

2023-08-09T20:40:57Z

U69651212: done

{{Specs-Card
|code=su_25tm
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|StoreImage_{{PAGENAME}}_005.jpg}}
|store=12204
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. A remarkable iteration of the Su-25 family, emerged as a product of Sukhoi's relentless pursuit of excellence in ground-attack aircraft design. Debuting in the late 1990s, this formidable aircraft marked a significant advancement over its predecessor, the Su-25. Its evolution was spurred by the lessons learned from conflicts such as the Soviet-Afghan War and the First Chechen War, where the Su-25 played a crucial role. The Su-39's capabilities were a testament to its modernization. Its arsenal featured an impressive array of weaponry, including precision-guided missiles like the Kh-29, Kh-25, and Vikhr, which enabled surgical strikes against both ground and naval targets. The integration of advanced avionics and targeting systems significantly enhanced its accuracy and situational awareness, allowing pilots to operate effectively in complex and dynamic environments.

It was introduced in [[Update "La Royale"]]. It stands as an epitome of ground strike prowess, a formidable aircraft purpose-built to excel in the art of precision attacks on terrestrial and naval targets. At its core lies a potent arsenal, highlighted by an array of guided air-to-ground missiles that define its battlefield dominance. Among these are the Kh-29, Kh-25, and Vikhr missiles, each embodying a unique blend of strategic versatility. The Kh-29, renowned for its extended range and pinpoint accuracy, enables the Su-39 to engage high-priority targets with surgical precision, making it a formidable choice for engaging fortified positions or high value targets. The Kh-25, on the other hand, offers rapid response capabilities, swiftly neutralizing time-sensitive threats with its agility and flexibility. Complementing these, is the Vikhr missile, engineered to excel in anti-armor engagements, effectively dismantling armored formations and bolstering ground forces. These air-to-ground missiles, seamlessly integrated into the Su-39's operational framework, transform it into a vanguard of modern warfare, bridging the gap between intelligence and action with lethal finesse.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}
The Su-39's flight performance is nothing remarkable, particularly when it comes to combat scenarios where agility and responsiveness are paramount. Its design, characterized by sleek swept wings ensures exceptional maneuverability, enabling precise and rapid in-flight adjustments. This agility is especially evident in its high-G maneuvers, allowing the aircraft to execute evasive actions and engage targets with unparalleled precision even in dynamic and challenging environments. In combat, the Su-39's twin-engine configuration provides robust thrust, resulting in impressive acceleration and climb rates. This power-to-weight advantage not only facilitates swift engagement but also enables rapid altitude changes, a critical asset in maintaining the element of surprise and evading hostile threats. While the Su-39 excels in various aspects of ground attack and combat maneuverability, it's worth noting that it operates within a subsonic flight regime, resulting in a comparatively lower maximum speed. This subsonic characteristic, while not detracting from its overall combat effectiveness and versatility, does place certain limitations on its ability to rapidly cover vast distances.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 1,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 968 || 962 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 27.4 || 28.0 || 69.9 || 62.1 || rowspan="2" | 850
|-
! Upgraded
| 989 || 979 || 26.6 || 27.0 || 91.4 || 80.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || X || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,100  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 1,050 || - || 420 || ~7 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 600 || < 700 || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | UMPO R-195 || 2
| colspan="2" | 10,856 kg || colspan="3" | 436 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 11m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 37m fuel
|-
| 860 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 12,008 kg || 12,927 kg || 13,963 kg || 14,696 kg || 19,573 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (104%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || 104%
! 11m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 37m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 3,741 kgf || 3,913 kgf
| 0.65 || 0.61 || 0.56 || 0.53 || 0.40
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 3,784 kgf (200 km/h) || 3,958 kgf (200 km/h)
| 0.66 || 0.61 || 0.57 || 0.54 || 0.40
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The Su-39 cockpit design prioritizes pilot survivability. By effectively attenuating and dispersing the damage, the anti-fragmentation armor significantly reduces the risk of damage to critical components, thus enhancing the aircraft's overall survivability. The aircraft's adept countermeasures system incorporates effective neutralization of threats by disrupting enemy radar and missile guidance systems. Notably, the inclusion of an Infrared Countermeasure (IRCM) system significantly enhances defense capabilities, emitting controlled infrared energy to deter and divert heat-seeking missiles. The Su-39 is able to withstand multiple hits from FIM-92K Stinger missiles and low-medium caliber munitions, solidifying its robust survivability profile while ensuring effective ground-strike mission execution and pilot safety.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|GSh-30-2 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 30 mm GSh-30-2 cannon, belly-mounted (200 rpg)
* 192 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="4%" | 1 !! width="4%" | 2 !! width="4%" | 3 !! width="4%" | 4 !! width="4%" | 5 !! width="4%" | 6 !! width="4%" | 7 !! width="4%" | 8 !! width="4%" | 9 !! width="4%" | 10 !! width="4%" | 11
| rowspan="26" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_Su-25T.png]]</div>
|-
! [[GSh-23L (23 mm)|23 mm GSh-23L]] cannons (250 rpg)
| || || || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || || ||
|-
! [[OFAB-100 (100 kg)|100 kg OFAB-100]] bombs
| || 4 || 4 || 4 || 4 || || 4 || 4 || 4 || 4 ||
|-
! [[OFAB-250Sh (250 kg)|250 kg OFAB-250Sh]] bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[OFAB-250sv (250 kg)|250 kg OFAB-250sv]] bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[FAB-500M-62 (500 kg)|500 kg FAB-500M-62]] bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[FAB-500Sh (500 kg)|500 kg FAB-500Sh]] bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[KAB-500Kr (500 kg)|500 kg KAB-500Kr]] bombs
| || || || || 1 || || 1 || || || ||
|-
! [[ZB-500 incendiary]] bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[S-8KO]] rockets
| || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 ||
|-
! [[S-13OF]] rockets
| || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 ||
|-
! [[S-24B]] rockets
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[S-25O]] rockets
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[S-25OF]] rockets
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[S-25OFM]] rockets
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[S-25L]] missiles
| || || 1 || 1 || || || || 1 || 1 || ||
|-
! [[9K127 Vikhr]] missiles
| || || || 8 || || || || 8 || || ||
|-
! [[Kh-25]] missiles
| || || 1 || 1 || || || || 1 || 1 || ||
|-
! [[Kh-25ML]] missiles
| || || 1 || 1 || || || || 1 || 1 || ||
|-
! [[Kh-29L]] missiles
| || || || || 1 || || 1 || || || ||
|-
! [[Kh-29T]] missiles
| || || || || 1 || || 1 || || || ||
|-
! [[R-60M]] missiles
| 1 || || || || || || || || || || 1
|-
! Kopyo-25 radar pod
| || || || || || 1 || || || || ||
|-
! Mercury targeting pod
| || || || || || 1 || || || || ||
|-
! 800 l drop tanks
| || || || || 1 || || 1 || || || ||
|-
| colspan="12" | Maximum permissible loadout weight: 4,400 kg Maximum permissible wing load: 2,200 kg Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 1,500 kg
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* 2 x 800 l drop tanks
* 2 x R-60M missiles
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 32 x 100 kg OFAB-100 bombs (3,200 kg total)
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 8 x 250 kg OFAB-250sv bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 8 x 250 kg OFAB-250Sh bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 8 x 500 kg FAB-500M-62 bombs (4,000 kg total)
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 8 x 500 kg FAB-500Sh bombs (4,000 kg total)
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 8 x ZB-500 incendiary bombs
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 160 x S-8KO rockets
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 40 x S-13OF rockets
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 8 x S-24B rockets
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 8 x S-25O rockets
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 4 x S-25L missiles
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 4 x Kh-25ML missiles
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 2 x Kh-29L missiles
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 2 x Kh-29T missiles
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 16 x 9K127 Vikhr missiles
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 4 x 23 mm GSh-23L cannons (250 rpg = 1,000 total)
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 2 x 500 kg KAB-500Kr bombs (1,000 kg total)
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==

The Su-39's formidable arsenal of precision-guided weapon systems is explicitly tailored to unleash devastating target destruction capabilities across a diverse spectrum of ground attack scenarios. Take, for instance, the Kh-29 missile, a long-range precision instrument capable of obliterating entrenched enemies or flagships with surgical accuracy at an impressive range of 13 kilometres. Its potency is further magnified in engaging time-sensitive targets such as escort warships or mobile air defense systems, where the Kh-25 missile's rapid response capabilities ensure swift and effective destruction. In addition, the use of Mercury and Kopyo enhance the power projection capabilities and combat abilities of the aircraft. One of the primary capabilities of the Kopyo-25 radar pod is its ability to provide radar imaging and multi-target tracking via TWS mode. This allows the Su-39 to detect and track ground and air targets, even in adverse weather conditions or challenging terrain. The radar pod's imaging and tracking capabilities enable the aircraft to effectively identify and engage both stationary and moving targets, which are slaved to the FLIR, enhancing the pilot's situational awareness. The Kopyo-25 radar pod also plays a crucial role in target designation and guidance for precision-guided munitions. By accurately locating and designating targets, the radar pod enables the Su-39 to deliver highly accurate and effective strikes against a variety of targets effortlessly, including armored vehicles, fortifications, and other high-value objectives. This enhances the aircraft's versatility and effectiveness in both offensive and defensive roles.

In the theater of anti-armor warfare, the Vikhr missile system reigns supreme. Designed with precision engagement in mind, it strikes with unerring accuracy, systematically dismantling armored formations and neutralizing the enemy's armored might. Complementing these guided ordnance options is the Su-39's 30mm GSh-30-2 cannon, a ground-pounding force that decimates ground targets ranging from enemy combat vehicles to fortified emplacements, leaving a trail of destruction in its wake. Expanding the Su-39's repertoire of devastation are additional munitions with their own specialized roles. Incendiary bombs, capable of igniting ferocious fires, can swiftly consume enemy bases or obstruct routes, adding a layer of tactical impact. Dumb rockets and bombs, with their widespread impact and formidable blast radius, excel in saturating large areas with destruction, obliterating enemy forces and fortifications in a single concerted sweep. Moreover, the Su-39's arsenal extends to high-drag bombs, designed to create concentrated impact points upon release. This capability proves invaluable in hitting entrenched or fortified targets with concentrated force, ensuring maximum structural damage. These high-drag bombs enable the Su-39 to deliver precise and punishing strikes against even the most resilient enemy positions with minimum exposure.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Has IRCM on rear of the plane
* Wide variety of air-to-ground munition
* Decent acceleration
* Durable airframe

'''Cons:'''

* Poor manoeuvrability at low speeds
* Having the radar pod/mercury targeting pod affects manoeuvrability a lot

== History ==

The Su-25TM, also known as the Su-39, is a highly capable and upgraded version of the original Soviet Su-25 "Frogfoot" close air support aircraft. The development of the Su-25TM began in the late 1990s with the aim of modernizing and enhancing the capabilities of the Su-25 platform. The aircraft underwent an extensive overhaul, incorporating advanced avionics, navigation systems, and weapon systems to improve its effectiveness on the modern battlefield.

The Su-25TM's history is marked by a series of technological advancements that transformed it into a formidable combat aircraft. Upgrades to its avionics included modern radar systems, improved navigation equipment, and enhanced communication systems, enabling the aircraft to operate more effectively in both air-to-air and air-to-ground missions. Additionally, the Su-25TM was equipped with modern precision-guided munitions and anti-tank missiles, significantly expanding its capabilities to engage a wide range of targets with greater accuracy and lethality.

Operational use of the Su-25TM began in the early 2000s, as the upgraded aircraft showcased its prowess in various conflicts and theaters around the world. It proved to be a versatile asset in counterinsurgency operations, close air support for ground forces, and interdiction missions. The aircraft's improved survivability, range, and versatility allowed it to excel in a variety of operational scenarios, earning the respect of both pilots and ground personnel.

Throughout its operational history, the Su-25TM demonstrated its effectiveness in conflicts such as counterterrorism operations, regional conflicts, and peacekeeping missions. Its ability to deliver precision strikes while enduring hostile environments and threats contributed to its reputation as a reliable and potent asset in modern warfare. The aircraft's success in combat validated the decision to upgrade and modernize the aging Su-25 platform, extending its service life and relevance on the battlefield.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=su_25tm Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="200">
File:Su-39 in flight.jpg
File:Su-39 2.jpg|Su-39 firing a Kh-29T missile. View from the cockpit
File:Su-39 Firing kh29.jpg|Su-39 firing a Kh-29T missile
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|JLDLKmzIvPU|'''The Shooting Range #363''' - ''Arsenal'' section at 07:34 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8276-development-su-25t-and-the-pre-order-of-the-su-39-sergey-strikes-back-en|[Devblog] Su-25T and the pre-order of the Su-39: Sergey Strikes Back!]]

{{AirManufacturer Sukhoi}}
{{USSR jet aircraft}}
{{USSR premium aircraft}}

Su-39

2023-08-09T20:21:14Z

U69651212: not done yet

{{Specs-Card
|code=su_25tm
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|StoreImage_{{PAGENAME}}_005.jpg}}
|store=12204
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. A remarkable iteration of the Su-25 family, emerged as a product of Sukhoi's relentless pursuit of excellence in ground-attack aircraft design. Debuting in the late 1990s, this formidable aircraft marked a significant advancement over its predecessor, the Su-25. Its evolution was spurred by the lessons learned from conflicts such as the Soviet-Afghan War and the First Chechen War, where the Su-25 played a crucial role. The Su-39's capabilities were a testament to its modernization. Its arsenal featured an impressive array of weaponry, including precision-guided missiles like the Kh-29, Kh-25, and Vikhr, which enabled surgical strikes against both ground and naval targets. The integration of advanced avionics and targeting systems significantly enhanced its accuracy and situational awareness, allowing pilots to operate effectively in complex and dynamic environments.

It was introduced in [[Update "La Royale"]]. It stands as an epitome of ground strike prowess, a formidable aircraft purpose-built to excel in the art of precision attacks on terrestrial and naval targets. At its core lies a potent arsenal, highlighted by an array of guided air-to-ground missiles that define its battlefield dominance. Among these are the Kh-29, Kh-25, and Vikhr missiles, each embodying a unique blend of strategic versatility. The Kh-29, renowned for its extended range and pinpoint accuracy, enables the Su-39 to engage high-priority targets with surgical precision, making it a formidable choice for engaging fortified positions or high value targets. The Kh-25, on the other hand, offers rapid response capabilities, swiftly neutralizing time-sensitive threats with its agility and flexibility. Complementing these, is the Vikhr missile, engineered to excel in anti-armor engagements, effectively dismantling armored formations and bolstering ground forces. These air-to-ground missiles, seamlessly integrated into the Su-39's operational framework, transform it into a vanguard of modern warfare, bridging the gap between intelligence and action with lethal finesse.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}
The Su-39's flight performance is nothing remarkable, particularly when it comes to combat scenarios where agility and responsiveness are paramount. Its design, characterized by sleek swept wings ensures exceptional maneuverability, enabling precise and rapid in-flight adjustments. This agility is especially evident in its high-G maneuvers, allowing the aircraft to execute evasive actions and engage targets with unparalleled precision even in dynamic and challenging environments. In combat, the Su-39's twin-engine configuration provides robust thrust, resulting in impressive acceleration and climb rates. This power-to-weight advantage not only facilitates swift engagement but also enables rapid altitude changes, a critical asset in maintaining the element of surprise and evading hostile threats. While the Su-39 excels in various aspects of ground attack and combat maneuverability, it's worth noting that it operates within a subsonic flight regime, resulting in a comparatively lower maximum speed. This subsonic characteristic, while not detracting from its overall combat effectiveness and versatility, does place certain limitations on its ability to rapidly cover vast distances.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 1,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 968 || 962 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 27.4 || 28.0 || 69.9 || 62.1 || rowspan="2" | 850
|-
! Upgraded
| 989 || 979 || 26.6 || 27.0 || 91.4 || 80.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || X || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,100  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 1,050 || - || 420 || ~7 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 600 || < 700 || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | UMPO R-195 || 2
| colspan="2" | 10,856 kg || colspan="3" | 436 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 11m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 37m fuel
|-
| 860 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 12,008 kg || 12,927 kg || 13,963 kg || 14,696 kg || 19,573 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (104%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || 104%
! 11m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 37m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 3,741 kgf || 3,913 kgf
| 0.65 || 0.61 || 0.56 || 0.53 || 0.40
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 3,784 kgf (200 km/h) || 3,958 kgf (200 km/h)
| 0.66 || 0.61 || 0.57 || 0.54 || 0.40
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The Su-39 cockpit design prioritizes pilot survivability. By effectively attenuating and dispersing the damage, the anti-fragmentation armor significantly reduces the risk of damage to critical components, thus enhancing the aircraft's overall survivability. The aircraft's adept countermeasures system incorporates effective neutralization of threats by disrupting enemy radar and missile guidance systems. Notably, the inclusion of an Infrared Countermeasure (IRCM) system significantly enhances defense capabilities, emitting controlled infrared energy to deter and divert heat-seeking missiles. The Su-39 is able to withstand multiple hits from FIM-92K Stinger missiles and low-medium caliber munitions, solidifying its robust survivability profile while ensuring effective ground-strike mission execution and pilot safety.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|GSh-30-2 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 30 mm GSh-30-2 cannon, belly-mounted (200 rpg)
* 192 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="4%" | 1 !! width="4%" | 2 !! width="4%" | 3 !! width="4%" | 4 !! width="4%" | 5 !! width="4%" | 6 !! width="4%" | 7 !! width="4%" | 8 !! width="4%" | 9 !! width="4%" | 10 !! width="4%" | 11
| rowspan="26" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_Su-25T.png]]</div>
|-
! [[GSh-23L (23 mm)|23 mm GSh-23L]] cannons (250 rpg)
| || || || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || || ||
|-
! [[OFAB-100 (100 kg)|100 kg OFAB-100]] bombs
| || 4 || 4 || 4 || 4 || || 4 || 4 || 4 || 4 ||
|-
! [[OFAB-250Sh (250 kg)|250 kg OFAB-250Sh]] bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[OFAB-250sv (250 kg)|250 kg OFAB-250sv]] bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[FAB-500M-62 (500 kg)|500 kg FAB-500M-62]] bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[FAB-500Sh (500 kg)|500 kg FAB-500Sh]] bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[KAB-500Kr (500 kg)|500 kg KAB-500Kr]] bombs
| || || || || 1 || || 1 || || || ||
|-
! [[ZB-500 incendiary]] bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[S-8KO]] rockets
| || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 ||
|-
! [[S-13OF]] rockets
| || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 ||
|-
! [[S-24B]] rockets
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[S-25O]] rockets
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[S-25OF]] rockets
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[S-25OFM]] rockets
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[S-25L]] missiles
| || || 1 || 1 || || || || 1 || 1 || ||
|-
! [[9K127 Vikhr]] missiles
| || || || 8 || || || || 8 || || ||
|-
! [[Kh-25]] missiles
| || || 1 || 1 || || || || 1 || 1 || ||
|-
! [[Kh-25ML]] missiles
| || || 1 || 1 || || || || 1 || 1 || ||
|-
! [[Kh-29L]] missiles
| || || || || 1 || || 1 || || || ||
|-
! [[Kh-29T]] missiles
| || || || || 1 || || 1 || || || ||
|-
! [[R-60M]] missiles
| 1 || || || || || || || || || || 1
|-
! Kopyo-25 radar pod
| || || || || || 1 || || || || ||
|-
! Mercury targeting pod
| || || || || || 1 || || || || ||
|-
! 800 l drop tanks
| || || || || 1 || || 1 || || || ||
|-
| colspan="12" | Maximum permissible loadout weight: 4,400 kg Maximum permissible wing load: 2,200 kg Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 1,500 kg
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* 2 x 800 l drop tanks
* 2 x R-60M missiles
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 32 x 100 kg OFAB-100 bombs (3,200 kg total)
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 8 x 250 kg OFAB-250sv bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 8 x 250 kg OFAB-250Sh bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 8 x 500 kg FAB-500M-62 bombs (4,000 kg total)
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 8 x 500 kg FAB-500Sh bombs (4,000 kg total)
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 8 x ZB-500 incendiary bombs
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 160 x S-8KO rockets
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 40 x S-13OF rockets
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 8 x S-24B rockets
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 8 x S-25O rockets
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 4 x S-25L missiles
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 4 x Kh-25ML missiles
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 2 x Kh-29L missiles
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 2 x Kh-29T missiles
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 16 x 9K127 Vikhr missiles
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 4 x 23 mm GSh-23L cannons (250 rpg = 1,000 total)
* 2 x R-60M missiles + 2 x 500 kg KAB-500Kr bombs (1,000 kg total)
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==

The Su-39's formidable arsenal of precision-guided weapon systems is explicitly tailored to unleash devastating target destruction capabilities across a diverse spectrum of ground attack scenarios. Take, for instance, the Kh-29 missile, a long-range precision instrument capable of obliterating entrenched enemies or flagships with surgical accuracy at an impressive range of 13 kilometres. Its potency is further magnified in engaging time-sensitive targets such as escort warships or mobile air defense systems, where the Kh-25 missile's rapid response capabilities ensure swift and effective destruction.

In the theater of anti-armor warfare, the Vikhr missile system reigns supreme. Designed with precision engagement in mind, it strikes with unerring accuracy, systematically dismantling armored formations and neutralizing the enemy's armored might. Complementing these guided ordnance options is the Su-39's 30mm GSh-30-2 cannon, a ground-pounding force that decimates ground targets ranging from enemy combat vehicles to fortified emplacements, leaving a trail of destruction in its wake. Expanding the Su-39's repertoire of devastation are additional munitions with their own specialized roles. Incendiary bombs, capable of igniting ferocious fires, can swiftly consume enemy bases or obstruct routes, adding a layer of tactical impact. Dumb rockets and bombs, with their widespread impact and formidable blast radius, excel in saturating large areas with destruction, obliterating enemy forces and fortifications in a single concerted sweep. Moreover, the Su-39's arsenal extends to high-drag bombs, designed to create concentrated impact points upon release. This capability proves invaluable in hitting entrenched or fortified targets with concentrated force, ensuring maximum structural damage. These high-drag bombs enable the Su-39 to deliver precise and punishing strikes against even the most resilient enemy positions with minimum exposure.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Has IRCM on rear of the plane
* Wide variety of air-to-ground munition
* Decent acceleration
* Durable airframe

'''Cons:'''

* Poor manoeuvrability at low speeds
* Having the radar pod/mercury targeting pod affects manoeuvrability a lot

== History ==

The Su-25TM (designated Su-39 for export purposes) was an anti-tank focused upgrade of the [[Su-25]]. It differs externally by having a hump behind the cockpit to fit more electronics and a TV mounted in the nose.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=su_25tm Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="200">
File:Su-39 in flight.jpg
File:Su-39 2.jpg|Su-39 firing a Kh-29T missile. View from the cockpit
File:Su-39 Firing kh29.jpg|Su-39 firing a Kh-29T missile
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|JLDLKmzIvPU|'''The Shooting Range #363''' - ''Arsenal'' section at 07:34 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8276-development-su-25t-and-the-pre-order-of-the-su-39-sergey-strikes-back-en|[Devblog] Su-25T and the pre-order of the Su-39: Sergey Strikes Back!]]

{{AirManufacturer Sukhoi}}
{{USSR jet aircraft}}
{{USSR premium aircraft}}

Tornado F.3

2023-08-09T19:45:09Z

U69651212: edited description

{{About
| about = British jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Tornado (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=tornado_f3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. The introduction of the Panavia Tornado F.3 marked an enduring chapter in the annals of the Royal Air Force, leaving an indelible impact from its debut in the late 1970s through its operational legacy well into the new millennium. This iconic aircraft assumed a pivotal role during pivotal historical junctures, notably during the Falklands War in the early 1980s, where its formidable capabilities were underscored by its contributions to aerial superiority and surveillance missions. The Tornado F.3's sophisticated air-to-air weaponry and radar systems were prominently showcased, exemplifying its adaptability during its role as a vital guardian of British airspace during the Gulf War and beyond. As the new millennium dawned, the Tornado F.3 continued to play a crucial part in coalition endeavors, most notably supporting various NATO missions and contributing to peacekeeping efforts in the Balkans. Its legacy stretches beyond its operational significance, serving as a testament to the RAF's unwavering dedication to advanced aerial tactics and strategic air power projection throughout its service history.

It was introduced in [[Update "Sky Guardians"]]. Diverging from the [[Tornado GR.1|GR.1]] variant, the Panavia Tornado assumes the role of a fighter-interceptor in its F.3 version. Designed with a focus on air-superiority, this aircraft boasts an array of impressive missile capabilities, positioning itself as a formidable adversary against airborne threats. Equipped with advanced missile systems including the AIM-9L Sidewinder and Skyflash SuperTEMP, the Tornado F.3 is primed to excel in modern aerial combat scenarios. The AIM-9L Sidewinder enhances its close-range combat capabilities, providing a potent tool for engaging agile opponents at short distances. Meanwhile, the Skyflash SuperTEMP missile system elevates its long-range engagement potential, enabling the Tornado F.3 to neutralize even the most sophisticated and distant enemy aircraft with precision and efficacy. With these sophisticated missile technologies at its disposal, the Tornado F.3 confidently stands as a vigilant guardian of the skies, ready to swiftly and effectively counter any potential airborne intrusion.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The Tornado is a variable wing sweep plane, meaning it can adapt the wings to the current speed to avoid structural failure or extreme performance loss. Wing sweep is controlled automatically, unless the pilot forces manual controls. Flaps can only be used in wide wing sweep mode (on automatic controls up to ~760 km/h, on manual they can sustain about 1,100 km/h) and will automatically fold when the wings are swept back (meaning you don't have to think about doing it yourself). Flying the plane in manual mode outside of combat is not recommended as it is easy to forget about the wing angle when it's not a focus of pilot's attention, resulting in wing damage.

The roll rate without improved boosters is not very fast, but serviceable. Installation of improved boosters also improves roll on this plane, but removes safety restrictions and may allow the pilot to casually snap the wings by pulling and rolling simultaneously, so it is up to the user if they want to deal with this or not. The plane in general dislikes rolling and the wings will eventually snap if it continues to spin for prolonged periods of time, especially when also turning or suddenly doing negative G.

The afterburner is extremely inefficient and will easily consume 45 minutes of fuel where other planes could get away with 15. Fortunately, 45 minutes is enough to reach enemy on most maps, deal with them, and then fly back without afterburner with about 6 minutes left. Plane does not overheat from prolonged afterburner flight, at least not until it runs out of normal fuel load.

This Tornado version is often mildly faster than the bomber versions due to not carrying an additional cannon and is more stable than the German Tornados. It also does not pose such a high risk of snapping wings due to missiles having negligible weight compared to bombs.

Maximum speed at ground level in folded wing mode is 1,500 km/h, at which point the plane will start to shake and might break up, but to reach such speed the plane generally must dive from at least 4 km altitude, and have afterburner on to retain it. Without the help of gravity, the plane can fly at around 1,300 km/h with afterburner on until upgraded. Even then, minor flight direction corrections will reduce average speed. Without afterburner, the plane generally tends to unfold itself and flies at around 1,100 km/h or less.

It is ill-advised to commit to prolonged turnfights with enemies even in a wide wing mode, unless you know what you are doing, as the plane has poor acceleration rate. It may outturn some fighters, at least temporarily, but both planes would have to stall so hard that literally anyone else can take them out.

In a case of an emergency, pilot can manually order the wings to unsweep at about 1,100 km/h and immediately use combat flaps while they are still transitioning to turn into the enemy. This will sacrifice all of the plane's speed, allowing it to do one deadly attack if the pilot doesn't pass out from excessive Gs. The main and obvious downside is that lot of inputs are required to do all these actions and they need to be done near simultaneously. Any control mistake or even speed miscalculation will cause the plane to self-destruct as the wing rip speed is much lower than the one of the flaps.

Minimal speed is 330 km/h, at which the plane will glide forward with minimal height and speed loss. This can be exploited to minimize pulse-Doppler interference on radar or to survive for as long as feasible with engines off when swarmed by IR missiles. This also implies that the plane can glide over significant distances even without engines. The engines turn on in about 10 seconds and it takes a while for engine thrust to overtake gravity, so it must be turned on before the plane is about to crash due to loss of all energy, not as it already happens.

As a gimmick, the Tornado also has the option of reverse thrust. It allows to use engine output to slow the plane down instead of having to shut it off. This can be used both in air combat (together with or instead of brakes) and during landing (instead of the drag chute which the plane lacks). Upon landing, the engines can be simply shut off to prevent the plane from beginning to accelerate backwards.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 11,582 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,280 || 2,269 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 28.4 || 28.6 || 167.3 || 163.4 || rowspan="2" | 800
|-
! Upgraded
| 2,340 || 2,308 || 27.6 || 28.0 || 216.7 || 191.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="60%"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Limits
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
! Min sweep
| 972 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 1,166 || 552 || 440 || ~8 || ~3
|-
! Max sweep
| 1,555 || - || - || - || ~9 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 670 || < 650 || < 700 || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full internal fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Turbo-Union RB199-34R Mk.104 || 2
| colspan="3" | 14,659 kg || colspan="3" | 742 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with internal fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 16m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 56m fuel
|-
| 968 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning low-bypass turbofan
| 16,186 kg || 16,463 kg || 17,365 kg || 18,718 kg || 19,749 kg || 23,512 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 16m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 56m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 3,756 kgf || 7,309 kgf
| 0.90 || 0.89 || 0.84 || 0.78 || 0.74 || 0.62
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 4,169 kgf (1,400 km/h) || 8,173 kgf (1,400 km/h)
| 1.01 || 0.99 || 0.94 || 0.87 || 0.83 || 0.70
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


The Tornado's fuselage inherits the general sturdiness of the Jaguar, so it can take a rough landing at 700 km/h and will in general sustain damage without falling apart. Occasionally, the plane will survive explosions of small missiles, though this will severely reduce flight performance and should be avoided.

The wings tend to snap after taking a direct hit with explosives. Depending on severity of overall wing damage, the plane might still continue to fly with half a wing or lose all semblance of control and spiral into the ground. Loss of the tail is fatal and recovery after that is impossible.

The engines are tightly packed and tend to be destroyed together, but sometimes one of them remains functional.

The Tornado F.3 does not have any armour plates within the plane, most of the plane's central fuselage contains self-sealing fuel tanks. Having too much fuel fills the wings with fuel as well. This means the Tornado F.3 is very likely to catch fire if hit by enemy rounds or missiles, especially in the engine area. EFS is available that could potentially save the aircraft in the case of an engine fire.

Tornado F.3 can carry a lot of countermeasures on its wings and it has several large countermeasures as a last resort on its hull. Unfortunately, it is impossible to separate loadouts and controls for either countermeasure type, the large ones are used last after the small ones run out. The Tornado's afterburners run rather hot, so it is always recommended to briefly drop back to military power when attempting to flare off incoming IR missiles. The large quantity of countermeasures also allows periodic flares to be used for a while when entering a hectic airspace, allowing missiles from surprise enemy aircraft to be "pre-flared".

Another use for the excessive countermeasure count is to become semi-immune to ARH missiles by spamming chaff every 5 seconds while flying high in the sky, if pilot does not want to go down to the ground or to think about this threat at all. This seriously messes with missiles such as the Phoenix, though the periodic chaff release must be kept on through the entire flight, and it is not recommended to fly directly at them, otherwise the missile can reacquire the lock again. This does not do anything to CW SARH missiles guided by pulse-Doppler radars, and any actual missile lock alerts are not to be ignored.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs) !! Lead indicator
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Cross}} || {{Cross}} || {{Cross}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Mauser BK27 (27 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 27 mm Mauser BK27 cannon, chin-mounted (180 rpg)
* 32 x large calibre countermeasures

The main cannon is filled with APHE as main ammunition in all loadouts, so it is good at causing plane fires and destroying lightly armoured targets, including light pillboxes or tanks. The gun can destroy howitzers in 3-4 hits from 3 km away, which is decent considering the low ammunition count.

The gun can receive gun radar assist at about 1.5 km range. In this mode, the gun pointer demonstrates where the shells will fly, all pilot has to do is to fire and "slice" enemy plane hull with the gun pointer while doing so. Accuracy of the gun radar is about 80% and it is very reliable even against wiggling enemy planes within ground interference and despite low fire rate of a gun, making it superior to radar missiles during ground level fights.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="9%" | 1 !! width="9%" | 2 !! width="9%" | 3 !! width="9%" | 4 !! width="9%" | 5
| rowspan="6" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! [[AIM-9L Sidewinder]] missiles
| 1, 2 *|| || || || 1, 2 *
|-
! [[Skyflash]] missiles
| || || 4 || ||
|-
! [[Skyflash SuperTEMP]] missiles
| || || 4 || ||
|-
! Countermeasures
| 160 * || || || || 160 *
|-
! 330 gal drop tanks
| || 1 || || 1 ||
|-
| colspan="7" | * Countermeasures can be carried with Sidewinder missiles on the same hardpoint
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* 2 x 330 gal drop tanks
* 2 x AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles + 320 x countermeasures
* 4 x Skyflash missiles
* 4 x Skyflash SuperTEMP missiles
{{Navigation-End}}

The Tornado F.3 only gets to carry missiles as weapons, and the choice is rather straight forward, as they come in separate groups with direct upgrades.

AIM-9L can be utilized as a "parry" missile, as it gets agitated by any enemy missiles and will try to hit them instead of enemy plane if they fire anything. Otherwise it is sometimes useful against similar variable wing planes, in attacks from behind, or if the enemy is unaware or forgets to flare (quite uncommon at rank VII). Tornado F.3 can utilize "TWS" radar mode to slave and fire the 9L at multiple planes without changing flight direction.

The Skyflashes are the same as those used on Phantom FGR.2 and FG.1. The main advantage is that they can be launched at ridiculous angles and still manage to acquire the lock, then they turn towards the enemy right after launch without wasting time. This combines well with the "look up" and "wide" ACM radar mode, as the plane is often forced to ground level without even being able to pull the nose up by other radar missiles. In general, these missiles can acquire anything within 30 degrees of the plane nose, better if the target is below the plane (radar scope can be checked to see how many degrees above or below the nose is the selected target).

== Usage in battles ==


The Tornado F.3 is outclassed by higher tier aircraft, and is heavily dependent on its weaponry and avionics to be competitive.

During the early grind, AIM-9Ls and the radar assisted gun are the only options, meaning that you have to stay at ground level (about 20-30 m above ground) to avoid being instantly obliterated by SARH missiles. Try to stick to the flat ground, and if that is impossible, try to "dive" into the openings instead of going over them, as you will momentarily lose ground echo protection.

This makes early Tornado F.3 gameplay that of a "first encounter" plane - simply be there first and cause as much chaos as you can before enemy gets you, so your team can finish them off, or flank enemy team from the side and hope they did not notice you approaching. The gun scope does not care about "ground echo" that completely destroys radar missiles, so you can easily snipe your opponents in a head-on. Even if all you do is cause some fires, this will spell doom for the enemy plane, as they can be easily cleaned up by teammates.

A lot of planes that stick to the ground carry AIM-9Ls or R-60 variants, so turn afterburner off before actually engaging enemy planes and fire some flares while you go at them, especially at 900 m range and when pulling over hills.

In general, while grinding upgrades, try to learn how the plane radar operates. It is much more tolerant to speed differences than the "Phantom" radar and has more utility modes. Every normal mode marks allies as allies on your radar display and tries to skip them to avoid friendly fire. It has 4 standard modes and 3 ACM modes.

Normal modes are:

* Pulse-Doppler range-based mode is the default and is the least useful to Tornado F.3 mode in terms of additional information. Pulse-Doppler is immune to chaff. Used when locking on by default.
* TWS, which is a pulse-Doppler mode that allows to continuously scan a certain direction without actually locking onto it. This is the most useful scout mode, as you can set radar range to 96 km while taking off and it will immediately soft-lock and "stick" itself to enemy players that are just taking off from their airfield, so you know where they went. Upon reaching 50 km range you can use TWS to guess if enemy fired any long range missiles yet (they are quite visible in 39 km mode, usually it is a faint dot next to originating plane with a much longer "speed" line, flying at 1,100 m/s when selected). Tends to be inaccurate until actual lock is enforced, but can be used to fire AIM-9L through "selecting" targets without actually locking onto them (high level players spam flares upon receiving radar lock just to be safe).
* Pulse-Doppler speed based mode - alternate radar mode that shows relative speed of enemy planes instead of range. Also demonstrates the dead zone of the pulse-Doppler, allowing you to gauge if it will be easy for current target to lose your radar lock and counter a Skyflash that way.
* Search - basic radar mode. Tends to wiggle and lock onto everyone around current target, not immune to chaff and is often bad (though not useless) at and especially against low altitudes. Does not have a speed dead zone unlike pulse-Doppler. Locking while using it will use "normal" lock as well.

ACM does not have IFF and will lock onto everything and anything that goes into the radar scope. You can swap between "pulse-doppler" and "normal" ACM if one or another does not work on your current target, but upon lock loss the PD mode will be activated again by default. There are 3 scope types to choose from:

* Normal small square - same as with every plane, primarily used when going into intense fight with teammates involved, as otherwise it is very easy to attack wrong target.
* Wide square - general use scope for ground level fights, allows you to lock onto anything that you can realistically target with a gun, with some additional reach above and below you for missiles.
* Look-up - mode that specifically looks in a thin line 31-60 degrees above you. Can be used both at ground level and in the sky by rolling the plane, if you want to target something on the side or below.

One of the most important features of the Tornado F.3's radar is that, even while locked on, you can swap between pulse-doppler and normal lock without breaking it. Even if your target "notches" (goes perpendicular to you), you can temporarily swap to normal tracking mode to continue guiding the Skyflash. You can even save the lock that is already "blinking" if you are fast enough. Remember to swap back to pulse-Doppler after the dead-zone window had passed, as normal search mode tends to throw the missile around, which reduces its speed severely.

The Skyflash SuperTEMPs are very potent but not on par with the [[AIM-7F Sparrow]]s. They accelerate faster and will outpace the AIM-7F within 4-6 km in a straight line, but refrain from trying to BVR duel with more modern Phantom variants. The Skyflash will hang at around the same speed as the AIM-7F at BVR ranges. Due to how long the AIM-7F/M burns it will eventually outpace the Skyflash at longer ranges. The Skyflash is not an effective weapon against the [[R-27ER]] or the [[Matra Super 530D]]. Your prime targets are unsuspecting targets 4-9 km away heading generally towards you. You can also use it from behind at targets that try to pull away at ranges of 1.5 km or so, due to the high tolerance of Tornado pulse-Doppler radar, which is ironically reinforced through simultaneously amazing and poor energy retention of the plane itself. The slower Tornado goes, the harder it is to lose pulse-Doppler lock by flying away from it and the plane is extremely unlikely to crash even when stalled to the minimum speed, while also being very likely to be in this situation due to how poorly it turns sometimes.

If not hanging at ground level, avoid entering and staying in the furball as then you will likely have many missiles shot at you, combined with the Tornado's poor manoeuvrability that means almost certain death. Instead, lock up head-on targets using ACM mode then fire off a Skyflash at your enemy, if they also launch a missile at you, start to notch their radar as fast as you can while releasing flares and chaff, or immediately drop to the ground (lower than 30 metres). If the enemy starts to notch your radar, switch the radar mode from PD HDN to standard search as it'll be immune to notching, though it may not work if you are above or in front of a mountain (due to general ground clutter) or enemy is spamming chaff. Another option is to lock up the enemy with radar but fire off an AIM-9L instead, then continue to behave as if you fired radar missile. Sometimes this will confuse the enemy into not releasing flares as they will believe that you fired a Skyflash instead of a AIM-9L, though at long range most people will try to flare at least once before starting to panic.

Don't dogfight. You have no workable advantages against your opponent unless they are already badly crippled with large sections of their wings/tail missing. If you are chased, get a teammate to cover your back or run back to the airfield. Try and fly in a straight line given your speed bleed in any sort of turn manoeuvre, but also keep an eye out for potential IR missiles.

The Tornado F.3 likes to fly predictable, straight paths and makes very predictable manoeuvres. Any enemy with an ounce of situational awareness will easily be able to keep tabs on you with no effort whatsoever. You can't really make unpredictable manoeuvres and sneak up on people given your overall lack of mobility in any direction other than forward. This makes it hard to employ your AIM-9Ls or your guns, given it is very difficult to stick to an opponent's tail for a good rear aspect shot. Although you will still find the AIM-9L to be a very consistent weapon and a good close to mid range missile.

At lower BRs, you can outrange pretty much anyone at your own BR with Skyflash missiles. Your biggest challenge will be F-4J/S with their AIM-7Fs and PDV radars. You have a fair chance of spotting and locking them first given your superior radar. However this doesn't mean you have the advantage as the AIM-7F will out-speed the Skyflash SuperTEMP. If a missile joust must be started, try to delay the launch of the enemy missile until a close distance (lower than around 8 km) as in those ranges the Skyflash will out-speed the AIM-7F.

Avoid pulling negative Gs in the Tornado F.3. As with most British planes and many top tier planes, the negative G performance of the Tornado is poor. Unlike the British [[Phantom FGR.2|Phantoms]], your wings are not sturdy enough to sustain negative Gs even for a few seconds, often snapping as soon as you put your nose down if you equipped "new boosters". The Tornado is generally an unstable aircraft and prone to flat spinning as soon as the wing falls off, so don't expect to get back to base once you've lost a wing. Rolling with boosters can easily make the Tornado snap its wings. When in a turn, refrain from rolling in a -2G+ turn or else there is a good chance you may loose one or both wings. You may not have the controllability to recover and you may go into an uncontrollable spin depending on how violently you were rolling.

==== Countering common radar missiles ====

* [[AIM-7F Sparrow|AIM-7F]]/[[AIM-7M Sparrow|M]]. Your Skyflash SuperTEMP will be faster than these missiles when under 6-8 km, above that distance, the AIM-7F/M will be faster.
* [[R-27ER]]/[[R-27ER1|ER1]]. This missile will outperform the Skyflash SuperTEMP in every way, the only possible way to shoot down a MiG-29 or Yak-141 in the missile joust is to fire first, attempt to parry their missile with 9L before attacking, or try to go into their radar blind spot by notching, going next to the ground or at least going below the enemy plane, because their radars have worse tracking angles below (45° versus 60° of the Tornado F.3)
* [[Matra Super 530D]]. At close range, the Skyflash SuperTEMP has better acceleration and will eventually out range the Matra Super 530D.
* [[Aspide-1A]]. Very fast missile, but the carriers of these missiles either have weak flight performance (F-104S.ASA) or a weak radar (J-8B). The Skyflash SuperTEMP will also outrange the Aspide-1A.
* [[AIM-54A Phoenix]]. These missiles have a lot of range, generally produce no missile alerts and are self-sufficient, however it's very easy to notice the incoming missile on TWS radar display and simply notch it. Long range launch can be countered by periodic chaff release (once in 5 seconds should work).

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High top speed at low altitudes
* Has a lot of countermeasures, including large-calibre ones
* Can carry 8 air-to-air missiles at once
** [[Skyflash SuperTEMP]] are effective SARH missiles in a BVR role
** Potent all-aspect heat-seeking [[AIM-9L Sidewinder|AIM-9L]] missiles, though everyone is aware of it
* Has radar gunsight that is immune to ground echo interference
* Advanced radar for its BR
** Includes TWS that indicates direction of enemy
** PD radar has IFF mode
** Higher PD speed threshold than all rank VII and many rank VIII planes
* Can carry drop tanks to extend range to compensate for its intense fuel consumption
* Has reverse thrust to reduce landing distance and to stall midair

'''Cons:'''

* Poor turning performance in any wing mode
** Very difficult to kinetically dodge SARH missiles
* Mediocre acceleration
* Equipping "new boosters" will allow it to snap its own wings if not handled carefully
* Other BVR missiles have a longer range in an uptier, has to stay low on ground
* Limited 19 km ACM range, may be too short in uptier.
* The 27 mm cannon has a low rate of fire, low ammunition count, and mediocre damage if it didn't set target on fire
* If engine was destroyed and hard landing is not an option, landing will take a long time as there is no drag chute

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=tornado_f3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|8q2mDrbxOT8|'''The Shooting Range #350''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:25 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|Kk-ag2B2ZqU|'''Tornado F.3: A Basic Review''' - ''Tims Variety''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Tornado (Family)]] , [[Tornado ADV]] is essentially identical.
* [[MiG-23MLD]] - similar plane of the Soviet, variations of which are commonly seen in battle.

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Panavia}}
{{Britain jet aircraft}}

Tornado GR.1

2023-08-09T19:29:46Z

U69651212: description edits

{{About
| about = British strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Tornado (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=tornado_gr1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. The Panavia Tornado GR.1 stands as a testament to its lasting impact within the Royal Air Force, spanning from its debut in the late 1970s to its operational tenure until the turn of the millennium. This revered aircraft played a pivotal role in pivotal historical episodes, including the Falklands War in the early 1980s, where its potent strike capabilities and adaptability were showcased in the South Atlantic theater. The Tornado GR.1's exceptional versatility was further underscored during Operation Desert Storm in the early 1990s, where it executed precision strikes with remarkable precision, solidifying its reputation as a potent force in modern aerial warfare. As the new millennium dawned, the aircraft continued to serve valiantly, being a key asset in peacekeeping missions and coalition operations in various theaters, including Bosnia and Kosovo. The Panavia Tornado GR.1's legacy extends beyond its operational prowess; it symbolizes the RAF's commitment to operational innovation and its ability to evolve to meet the changing demands of global security scenarios.

The Tornado GR.1 was introduced in [[Update "Apex Predators"]], a versatile and multifaceted aircraft poised to reshape the lacking CAS capabilities of British tech-tree. This remarkable aircraft seamlessly adapts to the role of a versatile multi-role warrior, skillfully engaging both ground and aerial targets across an array of scenarios. With a flexible array of armaments at its disposal, the Tornado GR.1 stands ready to confront a wide spectrum of challenges, from lightly armored targets able to be taken out with rockets, to entrenched ground targets. As it materializes as underappreciated, the Tornado GR.1 silently emerges as a potent ground assailant, utilizing its capacity for precision strikes from a calculated distance, unsettling even the most vigilant of anti-aircraft units with Precision Guided Munitions (PGM). Tailored to pilots who revel in the intricate dynamics of multifaceted operations and diverse weapon configurations, the Panavia Tornado GR.1 beckons to those who traverse the skies with a combination of deliberate patience and honed skill.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 10,972 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,991 || 1,991 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.4 || 31.5 || 155.1 || 152.8 || rowspan="2" | 800
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="60%"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Limits
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
! Min sweep
| 972 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || rowspan="2" | 1,166 || rowspan="2" | 552 || rowspan="2" | 440 || ~8 || ~3
|-
! Max sweep
| 1,555 || ~9 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 670 || < 650 || < 700 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full internal fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Turbo-Union RB199-34R Mk.101 || 2
| colspan="3" | 14,309 kg || colspan="3" | 634 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with internal fuel (no weapons load or external fuel) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 17m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 58m fuel
|-
| 968 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning low-bypass turbofan
| 15,836 kg || 16,054 kg || 16,926 kg || 18,234 kg || 19,399 kg || 25,910 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 17m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 58m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 3,633 kgf || 7,015 kgf
| 0.89 || 0.87 || 0.83 || 0.77 || 0.72 || 0.54
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 4,032 kgf (1,400 km/h) || 7,845 kgf (1,400 km/h)
| 0.99 || 0.98 || 0.93 || 0.86 || 0.81 || 0.61
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The Tornado has no armour to speak of and is relatively large, making it an easy target for enemy guns. Almost any hit to the center part of the Tornado will leave its speed crippled, while any hit to the wings and tail will most likely cripple flight performance, if not disabling the aircraft outright. Although it could in theory make its way back to base even with only one engine, any enemy attention during this timespan will most likely get you sent back to the hangar. It also has 2 pilots, which means that you can continue flying in the unlikely case that only 1 pilot is knocked out.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs) !! Lead indicator
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Cross}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Mauser BK27 (27 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 27 mm Mauser BK27 cannons, chin-mounted (180 rpg = 360 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="4.8%" | 1 !! width="4.8%" | 2 !! width="4.8%" | 3 !! width="4.8%" | 4 !! width="4.8%" | 5 !! width="4.8%" | 6 !! width="4.8%" | 7 !! width="4.8%" | 8 !! width="4.8%" | 9 !! width="4.8%" | 10 !! width="4.8%" | 11
| rowspan="9" width="25%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! [[H.E. M.C. Mk.13 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13]] bombs
| || || 1, 2 || 1, 2‡ || 1, 2‡ * || 1*‡ || 1, 2‡ * || 1, 2‡ || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[H.E. M.C. Mk.13 No.117 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13 No.117]] bombs
| || || 1, 2 || 1, 2‡ || 1, 2‡ * || 1*‡ || 1, 2‡ * || 1, 2‡ || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83]] bombs
| || || 1, 2 || 1, 2‡ || 1, 2‡ * || 1*‡ || 1, 2‡ * || 1, 2‡ || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[Mk.13 (546 kg)|546 kg Mk.13]] bombs
| || || 1† || 1† || || 1*†‡ || || || 1†* || ||
|-
! [[PGM 500 (404 kg)|404 kg PGM 500]] bombs
| || || 1 || 1* || || || || 1* || 1 || ||
|-
! [[PGM 2000 (1,060 kg)|1,060 kg PGM 2000]] bombs
| || || 1 || 1* || || || || 1* || 1 || ||
|-
! [[GBU-24 Paveway III (2,000 lb)|2,000 lb GBU-24 Paveway III]] bombs
| || || || 1*† || || || || || || ||
|-
! [[AIM-9L Sidewinder]] missiles
| || 1 || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! Large calibre countermeasures
| 28 || || || || || || || || || || 28
|-
! TIALD targeting pod
| || || || || || || || 1† || || ||
|-
! 1,500 l drop tanks
| || || 1 || || || || || || 1 || ||
|-
| colspan="13" | * Marked guided bombs on hardpoints 4/8 cannot be equipped with bombs on hardpoint 6 or hardpoints 5/7 respectively † TIALD targeting pod must be equipped when using marked guided bombs ‡ Bombs on hardpoint 6 cannot be equipped with dual bomb mounts on hardpoints 4-8
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* 2 x 1,500 l drop tanks
* 56 x large calibre countermeasures
* 2 x AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x 546 kg Mk.13 bombs (2,184 kg total)
* 1 x 2,000 lb GBU-24 Paveway III bomb (2,000 lb total)
* 7 x 1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13 bombs (7,000 lb total)
* 7 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (7,000 lb total)
* 12 x 1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13 bombs (12,000 lb total)
* 12 x 1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13 No.117 bombs (12,000 lb total)
* 12 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (12,000 lb total)
* 4 x 1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13 bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 4 x 404 kg PGM 500 bombs (1,616 kg total)
* 3 x 1,060 kg PGM 2000 bombs (3,180 kg total)
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==

There are multiple ways to use the Tornado in ARB, one tactic is to stick to the team and try and give support with your AIM-9Ls on your way to the enemy bases and/or ground targets. This gives you the advantage of team cover and a bit of safety, although you will undoubtedly be in the midst of battle once enemy interceptors and fighters reach your team. The other tactic would be to go full throttle directly to the enemy bases while keeping extremely low to the ground to decrease your chances of being spotted visually or by radar. While this leaves you mostly alone and isolated from the possible support of your team, you will be able to take a more direct route to your main target, meaning you'll be able to evade any slower or unsuspecting enemies. Taking an active role in air-to-air combat is not advised, as the Tornado's flight performance is not suited to it and you'll most likely be shot down very quickly. So keep in mind that although the Tornado is fast, its not very manoeuvrable at high speed so try to avoid faster enemies such as the [[F-16 (Family)|F-16]] or the [[F-14A Early|F-14]]. In the case of 1-to-1 confrontation the best option is to simply hope you are faster and run away, against capable fighters like the MiG-23, F-16, MiG-29, Viggen, F-14, and Mirage 2000 you don't stand a chance, unless the enemy pilot is extremely inexperienced. With countermeasures you are able to survive for longer if you can time their use and can dodge without losing too much of your speed. In GRB you can easily pick off enemy SPAA once you have unlocked your laser guided bombs, so try to fly as high as possibile. If you only have dumb bombs you're going to need to stick to the ground as much as possibile to avoid enemy AA, you can't linger too much on the battlefield or else the enemy team will begin to prioratise you as a target. You also need to be very weary of what type of enemy air has been spawned in, if you focus too much on ground vehicles you become easy pickings for any enemy aircraft which can take advantage of you not realising they're there. In conclusion, play a reserved role and only engage when you think its clear.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* Variable sweep wing
* Large payload
* Advanced weapons
* Supersonic

'''Cons:'''

* Can struggle in air-to-air combat
* High fuel consumption
* Bombs severely limit its maximum speed to about Mach 1.05
* No search radar

== History ==

The Panavia Tornado GR.1 was a multi-role combat aircraft, the result of an international collaboration between British, German and Italian companies which in 1969 formed the Panavia company to manufacture the Tornado. Its first flight was 14th August 1974 and was introduced to the RAF in 1986 but its first use in combat was not until 1991 in the Gulf war and was in service until March 2019.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=tornado_gr1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;[[Tornado (Family)|Related development]]

* [[Tornado IDS ASSTA1 (Germany)]]
* [[Tornado IDS (1995) (Italy)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8013-development-tornado-ids-gr-1-the-european-striker-en|[Devblog] Tornado IDS (GR.1): The European Striker]]

{{AirManufacturer Panavia}}
{{Britain jet aircraft}}

Harrier GR.7

2023-08-09T18:45:18Z

U69651212: done

{{About
| about = British strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Harrier (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=harrier_gr7
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. The Harrier GR.7 indelibly shaped the Royal Air Force from its inception in the late 1980s through its operational tenure until the mid-2000s. This iconic aircraft played a pivotal role during historic events such as the Gulf War in the early 1990s, where its unique vertical and short takeoff and landing (V/STOL) capability enabled rapid deployment from makeshift airfields in the desert theater. The GR.7's versatile armament, including precision-guided munitions, showcased its adaptability during NATO's intervention in the Kosovo conflict in the late 1990s, as it executed surgical strikes and ground attack missions with exceptional accuracy. Its service extended into the early 2000s, proving crucial in coalition operations in Afghanistan, where its sophisticated targeting systems facilitated precise close air support in challenging terrain. The Harrier GR.7's historical significance stems not only from its operational versatility from previous platforms but also from its embodiment of the RAF's commitment to innovative tactics and strategic air power projection.

The Harrier GR.7 was introduced in [[Update "Drone Age"]]. This versatile aircraft assumes the role of a multi-role fighter, effortlessly engaging ground and air targets across a spectrum of scenarios. Its versatile armament offers a pragmatic solution to an array of targets, from fortified ground positions to swift-moving airborne adversaries. Unseen and underestimated, the Harrier GR.7 becomes a potent ground adversary, launching precision strikes from a safe distance, particularly disquieting for unsuspecting SPAA units. Designed to appeal to pilots who appreciate multifunctional capabilities and diverse weapon options, the Harrier GR.7 thrives on the patient and the skillful, revealing a landscape where challenge and accomplishment intermingle, ultimately rewarding adept aviators with impactful results.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,116 || 1,110 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 30.4 || 30.9 || 70.8 || 70.8 || rowspan="2" | 550
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,133 || 1,125 || 29.6 || 30.0 || 111.1 || 89.7
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,137  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 829 || 556 || ~15 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 648 || < 950 || < 790 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Rolls-Royce Pegasus Mk.105 || 1
| colspan="3" | 6,057 kg || colspan="3" | ___ kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 14m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 49m fuel
|-
| 1,710 kg || colspan="2" | Vectored-thrust low-bypass turbofan
| 7,113 kg || 7,467 kg || 8,173 kg || 9,230 kg || 9,577 kg || 14,567 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 14m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 49m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 9,198 kgf || 9,945 kgf
| 1.40 || 1.33 || 1.22 || 1.08 || 1.04 || 0.68
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 9,198 kgf (0 km/h) || 9,945 kgf (0 km/h)
| 1.40 || 1.33 || 1.22 || 1.08 || 1.04 || 0.68
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

With its agile and adaptable nature, this aircraft excels in evasive maneuvers, allowing it to swiftly navigate through volatile airspaces and evade incoming threats. Its advanced glass MFD/HUD cockpit and access to RWR enhance situational awareness, enabling pilots to make informed decisions in the heat of battle. The Harrier GR.7 stands fortified with an arsenal of defensive measures. Its automatic Engine Fire Supression (EFS), coupled with the x700 countermeasures constitutes a formidable shield against hostile missiles. While the Harrier GR.7 may lack armor plating, the GR.7's low-profile silhouette further augments its safety measures, reducing its radar cross-section and making it a more elusive target in the chaotic theater of aerial combat, where agility becomes its most potent form of defense. The Harrier GR.7's open cockpit design offers pilots an exceptional vantage point, granting unobstructed visibility that enhances situational awareness during flight. This clear line of sight empowers pilots to quickly scan the surrounding airspace and terrain, allowing them to detect potential threats and opportunities with ease. Complementing this inherent advantage, the aircraft's HUD further amplifies situational awareness by seamlessly integrating critical flight data and targeting information directly into the pilot's field of view. This real-time data projection eliminates the need to divert attention to cockpit instruments, enabling pilots to maintain focus on the external environment. The combination of the open cockpit layout and the HUD's intuitive display contributes to the Harrier GR.7's heightened safety and operational effectiveness, enabling pilots to respond swiftly and decisively to changing circumstances,

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}
A prudent approach would be to focus on obtaining additional countermeasures and air-to-air missiles as promptly as possible. This strategic choice gains even more significance considering the Harrier GR.7's provision of 4 x AIM-9L missiles and an impressive stockpile of 700 countermeasures. This advantageous combination not only offers a heightened capacity to effectively neutralize incoming missile hazards but also affords the aircraft a formidable offensive potential. With this array of resources at your disposal, the Harrier GR.7 can seamlessly navigate the complex dynamics of aerial combat, ensuring a robust defense against missile threats while equipping you with a sufficiently potent arsenal to engage and dispatch enemy aircraft with a commendable level of efficiency.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** Without offensive armament
** 60 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="4%" | 1 !! width="4%" | 2 !! width="4%" | 3 !! width="4%" | 4 !! width="4%" | 5 !! width="4%" | 6 !! width="4%" | 7 !! width="4%" | 8 !! width="4%" | 9 !! width="4%" | 10 !! width="4%" | 11
| rowspan="15" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! [[ADEN 25 (25 mm)|25 mm ADEN 25]] cannons (100 rpg)
| || || || || 1 || || 1 || || || ||
|-
! [[Mk.M2 (540 lb)|540 lb Mk.M2]] bombs
| 1 || || || || || || || || || || 1
|-
! [[H.E. M.C. Mk.13 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13]] bombs
| || 1 || || 1 || || 1 || || 1 || || 1 ||
|-
! [[H.E. M.C. Mk.13 No.117 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13 No.117]] bombs
| || 1 || || 1 || || 1 || || 1 || || 1 ||
|-
! [[GBU-12 Paveway II (277 kg)|277 kg GBU-12 Paveway II]] bombs
| 1* || 1* || || 1* || || || || 1* || || 1* || 1*
|-
! [[Mk.13 (546 kg)|546 kg Mk.13]] bombs
| || 1* || || 1* || || || || 1* || || 1* ||
|-
! [[GBU-24 Paveway III (2,000 lb)|2,000 lb GBU-24 Paveway III]] bombs
| || || || 1* || || || || 1* || || ||
|-
! [[CRV7 M247]] rockets
| 19 || 19 || || 19 || || || || 19 || || 19 || 19
|-
! [[SNEB type 23]] rockets
| 18 || 18 || || 18 || || || || 18 || || 18 || 18
|-
! [[AGM-65D]] missiles
| || 1 || || 1 || || || || 1 || || 1 ||
|-
! [[AIM-9L Sidewinder]] missiles
| 1† || || 1† || || || || || || 1† || || 1†
|-
! Countermeasures
| 160† || || 160† || || || || || || 160† || || 160†
|-
! TIALD targeting pod
| || || || || || || 1* || || || ||
|-
| colspan="12" | Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 1,400 kg
|-
| colspan="13" | * The TIALD targeting pod must be carried when equipping guided bombs †AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles can be carried in conjunction with countermeasure pods on the same hardpoint
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* 2 x 25 mm ADEN 25 cannons (100 rpg = 200 total)
* 2 x AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles + 640 x countermeasures
* 108 x SNEB type 23 rockets
* 114 x CRV7 M247 rockets
* 2 x 540 lb Mk.M2 bombs (1,080 lb total)
* 5 x 1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13 bombs (5,000 lb total)
* 5 x 1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13 No.117 bombs (5,000 lb total)
* 6 x 277 kg GBU-12 Paveway II bombs (1,662 kg total)
* 4 x 546 kg Mk.13 bombs (2,184 kg total)
* 2 x 2,000 lb GBU-24 Paveway III bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 4 x AGM-65D missiles
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==

'''As a fighter:'''

The Harrier is a subsonic fighter fighting against a mostly supersonic opposition. However, as a weapons platform, it has access to some features that make it able to compete:

You can carry up to 4 AIM-9L missiles that are all-aspect, have a maximum overload of 30 G, and a maximum launch range of 18 km. In realistic terms, that means that if you have an altitude advantage of 1-2 km over someone running away from you you are still able to lock them and fire at a distance of up to 5-6 km and the missile still has a good chance of reaching them. The AIM-9Ls have decent flare resistance if the enemy still has their afterburner on. However, you should avoid firing them in a frontal aspect as just a few flares will be able to decoy them.

You will receive access to 60 countermeasures with the first countermeasure modification and with the second you unlock the option to carry 160 countermeasures on each of the Sidewinder pylons, totalling 4 x 160 + 60 = 700 countermeasures. It is highly recommended to run them mixed (both flares and chaff). This allows you to use the periodic countermeasures dispense function when you are in situations where your situational awareness will be limited, to prevent a missile from hitting the plane.

You also receive an RWR, which is a useful tool for roughly finding the location of enemies and warning you when you are locked on radar.

At the beginning of the match, you can climb to the side along the same flight path as the rest of your team. Try keeping a speed of above 800 km/h while climbing to maybe 5,000 to 7,000 m altitude. However, this playstyle leaves you open to some BVR misses being fired by enemies like the F-14. If you pick up a warning on your RWR and see a semi-active or active radar-guided missile, you will want to fly perpendicularly to the source of the enemy radar whilst deploying chaff.

The general playstyle would be to wait for the proper opportunity to target vulnerable opponents. You are not the plane that will carry the match, you are a support aircraft. Almost all matches inevitably turn into a furball fight where enemies and allies will be located in a tight area. You can dive down from above on them and fire your AIM-9Ls on unsuspecting targets. Be careful not to fire your missiles when allies are very close to the enemy, as you can easily hit a teammate by mistake.

Another playstyle is to fly close to the ground, either along hills or other terrain. This allows you to approach from the side and engage from the side aspect, where the AIM-9Ls are less susceptible to flares. Flying close to the ground also leaves you less vulnerable to BVR missiles, although not immune.

When surrounded by enemies, turn on the automatic countermeasure dispenser and focus on the enemies' positions and who you can target and to where you can disengage. Try to avoid turning with enemies as even with the VTOL controls you will probably be outmatched. A turnfight should be your last resort.

'''When in combined battles (ground realistic battles):'''

The Harrier GR.7 has an excellent selection of air-to-ground munitions available for use for ground attack which can be configured using the Weapon loadout customization menu.

'''TIALD'''
[[File:Harrier GR.7 TIALD Display.png|thumb|As seen in picture, TIALD shares similarities with the helicopter gunner sights.]]
The TIALD (Thermal Imaging Airborne Laser Designator) has access to thermal vision making target acquisition an easy task. While in use, it acts very similarly to helicopter gunner sights for modern helicopters, utilizing almost the exact same functions. Range is not displayed in the HUD as seen in helicopters. However, this is not a crucial aspect of accurate bombing as the range is fully dependent on the aircraft's attitude (altitude, speed, angle of attack, etc.). If the user is familiar with helicopter HUD, you will be familiar with the indicators to the left of the reticle.
[[File:TIALD info.png|left|thumb|TIALD indicators]]
These indicators signal the following: THR (throttle), IAS (indicated air speed), SPD (speed at sea level), ALT (altitude). These indicators will stay fixed to the sight regardless of the loadout. The lower indicators will vary according to the loadout carried at the time, in this case: GBU ([[GBU-24 Paveway III (2,000 lb)]] guided bombs) FLR (amount of flares remaining) and CHFF (amount of chaff remaining). The TIALD has a double functionality, not only working as the laser designator for GBUs but can work as an additional scouting tool for better situational awareness, both for air-to-ground and air-to-air. Functionalities of the TIALD will be explained further below.

Something to keep in mind is that while the TIALD pod can look backwards it cannot look directly downwards, this means that if you have the pod locked to a target and you fly directly over the target, the pod can lose its lock on the target when it hits the downwards limit. If you allow this to happen, it is likely the bomb will miss the target before you are able to get the targeting pod pointed at it again. In order to avoid this, you can fly slightly off to the side of your target (rather than passing straight over it) so that the pod can keep pointed at the target by swivelling sideways, rather than straight down like it would have to if you flew directly over it.

'''AGM-65D'''

The AGM-65D air-to-ground missile, when working in conjunction with the TIALD targeting pod, can be an effective combination for knocking out enemy tanks from far away. It is recommended to also bring a couple of AIM-9L missiles for self-defence against enemy fighters. As the AGM-65D utilises thermal imaging for guidance, you should have no problem spotting enemy vehicles in day or night battles.

To successfully use this weapon in ground battles, you will first need to stay well away from the battlefield and begin climbing in order to bring yourself above the view of enemy SPAA radar. Once an altitude of 5,000 - 6,000 m is reached, begin heading towards the battlefield while maintaining a shallow climb. Once you have positioned yourself near or over the battlefield, you can use your TIALD targeting pod to search for enemy vehicles and watch for friendly scout markers. After acquiring a lock on an enemy position, point the nose of the aircraft roughly in the direction of the enemy vehicle and then press your "fire air-to-ground missile" key once to activate the missile seeker and once more to fire the missile. As the AGM-65D is a fire-and-forget weapon, you do not need to maintain lock for the duration of the missile's flight and can immediately begin searching for new targets. It is advised to try to target enemy SPAA first as even though they cannot see you on radar (provided you are still far above them), they can still manually look up and try to find you once they notice you eliminating their teammates in the battle log.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* It has a very large count of countermeasures (700 if all four BOL rails are equipped)
* Even if only two BOL rails are equipped the amount of countermeasures is still very impressive at 380
* Can carry up to four very effective [[AIM-9L Sidewinder]] missiles
* Dedicated missile pylons ensure you can always carry at least two AIM-9Ls without sacrificing any ground attack ordnance
* Has built-in target tracker and FLIR even without targeting pod
* Has pilot night vision
* ADEN 25 cannons have very high rate of fire and velocity
* Access to a very diverse range of ground attack ordnance including 610 lb, 1,200 lb and 2,000 lb laser-guided bombs and [[AGM-65D|AGM-65D Mavericks]]
* Can carry six laser-guided bombs at the same time
* TIALD pod (which has far better zoom and resolution than the missile seeker) can be used to lock [[AGM-65D|AGM-65Ds]] onto targets.
* It is very hard to rip the wings due to excessive speed or G overload, thanks to the very high G overload limit and the wing rip speed being above what the aircraft can typically achieve
* CR7V M247 rockets are very effective at destroying SPAAs from range due to very high speed and explosive mass being much better than SNEB rockets

'''Cons:'''

* The exceptional rate of fire and low ammo count of the gun pods gives you very limited trigger time before running out of ammo
* 25 mm belts have no tracer rounds, making it hard to learn the unique ballistics of the ADEN cannon
* No radar
* Subsonic
* Engine overheats if used at 100% or WEP - about 90-95% throttle is the most you can use for extended periods of time (depending on map temperature)
* Limited WEP time
* Lower top speed than first-generation Harriers

== History ==

{{main|Harrier_GR.1#History|l1=History of the Harrier GR.1}}

The Hawker Siddeley Harrier was the first V/STOL fixed-wing jet aircraft to enter military service, and it was very successful not only domestically, but in the foreign market, with immense international interest in the project.

One such nation was the United States of America, who bought the rights to domestically manufacture and cooperate on the design of the aircraft. The contract was granted to McDonnell Douglas and British Aerospace (the conglomerate successor to Hawker Siddeley), and eventually developed a successor aircraft, the AV-8B Harrier II. This design proved extremely capable in US tests, and so the British Ministry of Defence sought to adopt an iteration of this redesign.

The contract defaulted on British Aerospace and McDonnell Douglas due to their extensive experience with the programme, and by 1990, it began to enter service with the Royal Air Force and the Fleet Air Arm.

Originally designated "GR.5", later upgrades led to designations "'''GR.7'''" and "GR.9".

McDonnell Douglas was later merged into Boeing, and British Aerospace was merged with Marconi Electronic Systems to form BAE Systems, who continued to manufacture the Harrier II until it was retired from service in 2011 due to budget constraints. It saw service in the Gulf War, Operation Deliberate Force, Operation Allied Force, the Iraq War (2003-2011) and the War in Afghanistan (2001-2020).

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=harrier_gr7 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|viGPHQQScKo|'''The Shooting Range #322''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:27 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|-9BZqM1MqpM|'''Harrier GR.7 : A Basic Review''' - ''Tims Variety''}}

== See also ==


;[[Harrier (Family)|Related development]]

* [[Harrier GR.1]]
* [[Harrier GR.3]]
* [[AV-8A]]
* [[AV-8C]]

;Similar aircraft

* [[A-7D]]
* [[A-7E]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7865-development-harrier-gr-7-next-gen-jump-jet-en|[Devblog] Harrier GR.7: Next Gen Jump Jet]]

{{AirManufacturer BAe}}
{{Britain jet aircraft}}

Harrier GR.7

2023-08-09T18:36:40Z

U69651212: not done yet

{{About
| about = British strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Harrier (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=harrier_gr7
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. The Harrier GR.7 indelibly shaped the Royal Air Force from its inception in the late 1980s through its operational tenure until the mid-2000s. This iconic aircraft played a pivotal role during historic events such as the Gulf War in the early 1990s, where its unique vertical and short takeoff and landing (V/STOL) capability enabled rapid deployment from makeshift airfields in the desert theater. The GR.7's versatile armament, including precision-guided munitions, showcased its adaptability during NATO's intervention in the Kosovo conflict in the late 1990s, as it executed surgical strikes and ground attack missions with exceptional accuracy. Its service extended into the early 2000s, proving crucial in coalition operations in Afghanistan, where its sophisticated targeting systems facilitated precise close air support in challenging terrain. The Harrier GR.7's historical significance stems not only from its operational versatility from previous platforms but also from its embodiment of the RAF's commitment to innovative tactics and strategic air power projection.

The Harrier GR.7 was introduced in [[Update "Drone Age"]]. This versatile aircraft assumes the role of a multi-role fighter, effortlessly engaging ground and air targets across a spectrum of scenarios. Its versatile armament offers a pragmatic solution to an array of targets, from fortified ground positions to swift-moving airborne adversaries. Unseen and underestimated, the Harrier GR.7 becomes a potent ground adversary, launching precision strikes from a safe distance, particularly disquieting for unsuspecting SPAA units. Designed to appeal to pilots who appreciate multifunctional capabilities and diverse weapon options, the Harrier GR.7 thrives on the patient and the skillful, revealing a landscape where challenge and accomplishment intermingle, ultimately rewarding adept aviators with impactful results.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,116 || 1,110 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 30.4 || 30.9 || 70.8 || 70.8 || rowspan="2" | 550
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,133 || 1,125 || 29.6 || 30.0 || 111.1 || 89.7
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,137  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 829 || 556 || ~15 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 648 || < 950 || < 790 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Rolls-Royce Pegasus Mk.105 || 1
| colspan="3" | 6,057 kg || colspan="3" | ___ kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 14m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 49m fuel
|-
| 1,710 kg || colspan="2" | Vectored-thrust low-bypass turbofan
| 7,113 kg || 7,467 kg || 8,173 kg || 9,230 kg || 9,577 kg || 14,567 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 14m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 49m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 9,198 kgf || 9,945 kgf
| 1.40 || 1.33 || 1.22 || 1.08 || 1.04 || 0.68
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 9,198 kgf (0 km/h) || 9,945 kgf (0 km/h)
| 1.40 || 1.33 || 1.22 || 1.08 || 1.04 || 0.68
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

With its agile and adaptable nature, this aircraft excels in evasive maneuvers, allowing it to swiftly navigate through volatile airspaces and evade incoming threats. Its advanced glass MFD/HUD cockpit and access to RWR enhance situational awareness, enabling pilots to make informed decisions in the heat of battle. The Harrier GR.7 stands fortified with an arsenal of defensive measures. Its automatic Engine Fire Supression (EFS), coupled with the x700 countermeasures constitutes a formidable shield against hostile missiles. While the Harrier GR.7 may lack armor plating, the GR.7's low-profile silhouette further augments its safety measures, reducing its radar cross-section and making it a more elusive target in the chaotic theater of aerial combat, where agility becomes its most potent form of defense.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}
A prudent approach would be to focus on obtaining additional countermeasures and air-to-air missiles as promptly as possible. This strategic choice gains even more significance considering the Harrier GR.7's provision of 4 x AIM-9L missiles and an impressive stockpile of 700 countermeasures. This advantageous combination not only offers a heightened capacity to effectively neutralize incoming missile hazards but also affords the aircraft a formidable offensive potential. With this array of resources at your disposal, the Harrier GR.7 can seamlessly navigate the complex dynamics of aerial combat, ensuring a robust defense against missile threats while equipping you with a sufficiently potent arsenal to engage and dispatch enemy aircraft with a commendable level of efficiency.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** Without offensive armament
** 60 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="4%" | 1 !! width="4%" | 2 !! width="4%" | 3 !! width="4%" | 4 !! width="4%" | 5 !! width="4%" | 6 !! width="4%" | 7 !! width="4%" | 8 !! width="4%" | 9 !! width="4%" | 10 !! width="4%" | 11
| rowspan="15" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! [[ADEN 25 (25 mm)|25 mm ADEN 25]] cannons (100 rpg)
| || || || || 1 || || 1 || || || ||
|-
! [[Mk.M2 (540 lb)|540 lb Mk.M2]] bombs
| 1 || || || || || || || || || || 1
|-
! [[H.E. M.C. Mk.13 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13]] bombs
| || 1 || || 1 || || 1 || || 1 || || 1 ||
|-
! [[H.E. M.C. Mk.13 No.117 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13 No.117]] bombs
| || 1 || || 1 || || 1 || || 1 || || 1 ||
|-
! [[GBU-12 Paveway II (277 kg)|277 kg GBU-12 Paveway II]] bombs
| 1* || 1* || || 1* || || || || 1* || || 1* || 1*
|-
! [[Mk.13 (546 kg)|546 kg Mk.13]] bombs
| || 1* || || 1* || || || || 1* || || 1* ||
|-
! [[GBU-24 Paveway III (2,000 lb)|2,000 lb GBU-24 Paveway III]] bombs
| || || || 1* || || || || 1* || || ||
|-
! [[CRV7 M247]] rockets
| 19 || 19 || || 19 || || || || 19 || || 19 || 19
|-
! [[SNEB type 23]] rockets
| 18 || 18 || || 18 || || || || 18 || || 18 || 18
|-
! [[AGM-65D]] missiles
| || 1 || || 1 || || || || 1 || || 1 ||
|-
! [[AIM-9L Sidewinder]] missiles
| 1† || || 1† || || || || || || 1† || || 1†
|-
! Countermeasures
| 160† || || 160† || || || || || || 160† || || 160†
|-
! TIALD targeting pod
| || || || || || || 1* || || || ||
|-
| colspan="12" | Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 1,400 kg
|-
| colspan="13" | * The TIALD targeting pod must be carried when equipping guided bombs †AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles can be carried in conjunction with countermeasure pods on the same hardpoint
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* 2 x 25 mm ADEN 25 cannons (100 rpg = 200 total)
* 2 x AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles + 640 x countermeasures
* 108 x SNEB type 23 rockets
* 114 x CRV7 M247 rockets
* 2 x 540 lb Mk.M2 bombs (1,080 lb total)
* 5 x 1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13 bombs (5,000 lb total)
* 5 x 1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13 No.117 bombs (5,000 lb total)
* 6 x 277 kg GBU-12 Paveway II bombs (1,662 kg total)
* 4 x 546 kg Mk.13 bombs (2,184 kg total)
* 2 x 2,000 lb GBU-24 Paveway III bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 4 x AGM-65D missiles
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==

'''As a fighter:'''

The Harrier is a subsonic fighter fighting against a mostly supersonic opposition. However, as a weapons platform, it has access to some features that make it able to compete:

You can carry up to 4 AIM-9L missiles that are all-aspect, have a maximum overload of 30 G, and a maximum launch range of 18 km. In realistic terms, that means that if you have an altitude advantage of 1-2 km over someone running away from you you are still able to lock them and fire at a distance of up to 5-6 km and the missile still has a good chance of reaching them. The AIM-9Ls have decent flare resistance if the enemy still has their afterburner on. However, you should avoid firing them in a frontal aspect as just a few flares will be able to decoy them.

You will receive access to 60 countermeasures with the first countermeasure modification and with the second you unlock the option to carry 160 countermeasures on each of the Sidewinder pylons, totalling 4 x 160 + 60 = 700 countermeasures. It is highly recommended to run them mixed (both flares and chaff). This allows you to use the periodic countermeasures dispense function when you are in situations where your situational awareness will be limited, to prevent a missile from hitting the plane.

You also receive an RWR, which is a useful tool for roughly finding the location of enemies and warning you when you are locked on radar.

At the beginning of the match, you can climb to the side along the same flight path as the rest of your team. Try keeping a speed of above 800 km/h while climbing to maybe 5,000 to 7,000 m altitude. However, this playstyle leaves you open to some BVR misses being fired by enemies like the F-14. If you pick up a warning on your RWR and see a semi-active or active radar-guided missile, you will want to fly perpendicularly to the source of the enemy radar whilst deploying chaff.

The general playstyle would be to wait for the proper opportunity to target vulnerable opponents. You are not the plane that will carry the match, you are a support aircraft. Almost all matches inevitably turn into a furball fight where enemies and allies will be located in a tight area. You can dive down from above on them and fire your AIM-9Ls on unsuspecting targets. Be careful not to fire your missiles when allies are very close to the enemy, as you can easily hit a teammate by mistake.

Another playstyle is to fly close to the ground, either along hills or other terrain. This allows you to approach from the side and engage from the side aspect, where the AIM-9Ls are less susceptible to flares. Flying close to the ground also leaves you less vulnerable to BVR missiles, although not immune.

When surrounded by enemies, turn on the automatic countermeasure dispenser and focus on the enemies' positions and who you can target and to where you can disengage. Try to avoid turning with enemies as even with the VTOL controls you will probably be outmatched. A turnfight should be your last resort.

'''When in combined battles (ground realistic battles):'''

The Harrier GR.7 has an excellent selection of air-to-ground munitions available for use for ground attack which can be configured using the Weapon loadout customization menu.

'''TIALD'''
[[File:Harrier GR.7 TIALD Display.png|thumb|As seen in picture, TIALD shares similarities with the helicopter gunner sights.]]
The TIALD (Thermal Imaging Airborne Laser Designator) has access to thermal vision making target acquisition an easy task. While in use, it acts very similarly to helicopter gunner sights for modern helicopters, utilizing almost the exact same functions. Range is not displayed in the HUD as seen in helicopters. However, this is not a crucial aspect of accurate bombing as the range is fully dependent on the aircraft's attitude (altitude, speed, angle of attack, etc.). If the user is familiar with helicopter HUD, you will be familiar with the indicators to the left of the reticle.
[[File:TIALD info.png|left|thumb|TIALD indicators]]
These indicators signal the following: THR (throttle), IAS (indicated air speed), SPD (speed at sea level), ALT (altitude). These indicators will stay fixed to the sight regardless of the loadout. The lower indicators will vary according to the loadout carried at the time, in this case: GBU ([[GBU-24 Paveway III (2,000 lb)]] guided bombs) FLR (amount of flares remaining) and CHFF (amount of chaff remaining). The TIALD has a double functionality, not only working as the laser designator for GBUs but can work as an additional scouting tool for better situational awareness, both for air-to-ground and air-to-air. Functionalities of the TIALD will be explained further below.

Something to keep in mind is that while the TIALD pod can look backwards it cannot look directly downwards, this means that if you have the pod locked to a target and you fly directly over the target, the pod can lose its lock on the target when it hits the downwards limit. If you allow this to happen, it is likely the bomb will miss the target before you are able to get the targeting pod pointed at it again. In order to avoid this, you can fly slightly off to the side of your target (rather than passing straight over it) so that the pod can keep pointed at the target by swivelling sideways, rather than straight down like it would have to if you flew directly over it.

'''AGM-65D'''

The AGM-65D air-to-ground missile, when working in conjunction with the TIALD targeting pod, can be an effective combination for knocking out enemy tanks from far away. It is recommended to also bring a couple of AIM-9L missiles for self-defence against enemy fighters. As the AGM-65D utilises thermal imaging for guidance, you should have no problem spotting enemy vehicles in day or night battles.

To successfully use this weapon in ground battles, you will first need to stay well away from the battlefield and begin climbing in order to bring yourself above the view of enemy SPAA radar. Once an altitude of 5,000 - 6,000 m is reached, begin heading towards the battlefield while maintaining a shallow climb. Once you have positioned yourself near or over the battlefield, you can use your TIALD targeting pod to search for enemy vehicles and watch for friendly scout markers. After acquiring a lock on an enemy position, point the nose of the aircraft roughly in the direction of the enemy vehicle and then press your "fire air-to-ground missile" key once to activate the missile seeker and once more to fire the missile. As the AGM-65D is a fire-and-forget weapon, you do not need to maintain lock for the duration of the missile's flight and can immediately begin searching for new targets. It is advised to try to target enemy SPAA first as even though they cannot see you on radar (provided you are still far above them), they can still manually look up and try to find you once they notice you eliminating their teammates in the battle log.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* It has a very large count of countermeasures (700 if all four BOL rails are equipped)
* Even if only two BOL rails are equipped the amount of countermeasures is still very impressive at 380
* Can carry up to four very effective [[AIM-9L Sidewinder]] missiles
* Dedicated missile pylons ensure you can always carry at least two AIM-9Ls without sacrificing any ground attack ordnance
* Has built-in target tracker and FLIR even without targeting pod
* Has pilot night vision
* ADEN 25 cannons have very high rate of fire and velocity
* Access to a very diverse range of ground attack ordnance including 610 lb, 1,200 lb and 2,000 lb laser-guided bombs and [[AGM-65D|AGM-65D Mavericks]]
* Can carry six laser-guided bombs at the same time
* TIALD pod (which has far better zoom and resolution than the missile seeker) can be used to lock [[AGM-65D|AGM-65Ds]] onto targets.
* It is very hard to rip the wings due to excessive speed or G overload, thanks to the very high G overload limit and the wing rip speed being above what the aircraft can typically achieve
* CR7V M247 rockets are very effective at destroying SPAAs from range due to very high speed and explosive mass being much better than SNEB rockets

'''Cons:'''

* The exceptional rate of fire and low ammo count of the gun pods gives you very limited trigger time before running out of ammo
* 25 mm belts have no tracer rounds, making it hard to learn the unique ballistics of the ADEN cannon
* No radar
* Subsonic
* Engine overheats if used at 100% or WEP - about 90-95% throttle is the most you can use for extended periods of time (depending on map temperature)
* Limited WEP time
* Lower top speed than first-generation Harriers

== History ==

{{main|Harrier_GR.1#History|l1=History of the Harrier GR.1}}

The Hawker Siddeley Harrier was the first V/STOL fixed-wing jet aircraft to enter military service, and it was very successful not only domestically, but in the foreign market, with immense international interest in the project.

One such nation was the United States of America, who bought the rights to domestically manufacture and cooperate on the design of the aircraft. The contract was granted to McDonnell Douglas and British Aerospace (the conglomerate successor to Hawker Siddeley), and eventually developed a successor aircraft, the AV-8B Harrier II. This design proved extremely capable in US tests, and so the British Ministry of Defence sought to adopt an iteration of this redesign.

The contract defaulted on British Aerospace and McDonnell Douglas due to their extensive experience with the programme, and by 1990, it began to enter service with the Royal Air Force and the Fleet Air Arm.

Originally designated "GR.5", later upgrades led to designations "'''GR.7'''" and "GR.9".

McDonnell Douglas was later merged into Boeing, and British Aerospace was merged with Marconi Electronic Systems to form BAE Systems, who continued to manufacture the Harrier II until it was retired from service in 2011 due to budget constraints. It saw service in the Gulf War, Operation Deliberate Force, Operation Allied Force, the Iraq War (2003-2011) and the War in Afghanistan (2001-2020).

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=harrier_gr7 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|viGPHQQScKo|'''The Shooting Range #322''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:27 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|-9BZqM1MqpM|'''Harrier GR.7 : A Basic Review''' - ''Tims Variety''}}

== See also ==


;[[Harrier (Family)|Related development]]

* [[Harrier GR.1]]
* [[Harrier GR.3]]
* [[AV-8A]]
* [[AV-8C]]

;Similar aircraft

* [[A-7D]]
* [[A-7E]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7865-development-harrier-gr-7-next-gen-jump-jet-en|[Devblog] Harrier GR.7: Next Gen Jump Jet]]

{{AirManufacturer BAe}}
{{Britain jet aircraft}}

SGB Grey Fox

2022-10-29T14:32:32Z

U69651212: Grammar edits

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_sgb_304
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British motor gun boat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.83 "Masters of the Sea"]] as part of the British fleet closed beta test.

The SGB (Steam Gun Boat) ''Grey Fox'', pennant number S304, was a gun boat built for the Royal Navy's coastal forces during the early stages of World War II. While limited in historical quantities, the Grey Fox is a formidable boat within the game. This is thanks to a plentiful variety of armaments covering the steam-powered boat from prow to stern.

With few cons, this SGB engages with ease most boats that are equally sized and smaller than her. Although, the large hull and not excellent top speed makes her the perfect target for destroyers, frigates, and gunboats. After learning how to handle these limitations, captains are likely to master this well-armed boat.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}
''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}
{{main|2pdr QF Mk.IIc (40 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
{{main|OQF 3in 20cwt (76 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}
{{main|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)|Vickers Mk.V (12.7 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}
{{main|Mk.VIII (533 mm)|Type M Mark I mine}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Adequate top speed for a steam-powered gun boat
* 2 sets of 40 mm 2pdr guns, a 76 mm gun and 20 mm Oerlikons cannons are great firepower
* Wide variety of auxiliary firepower (12.7 mm Vickers MGs, mines and torpedoes)
* Armour plates protect the engine compartment quite effectively from HE and Shrapnel
* Above-average crew count becomes an advantage versus smaller crafts

'''Cons:'''

* Speed is no match to other vessels at the rank as [[Sparviero]], [[Pr.183]], or [[PG 02]]
* Large size; easy to target and difficult to manoeuvre around shores

== History ==

In 1940, the Admiralty issued a set of requirements for a new gunboat design that would incorporate features from both motor torpedo boats and gunboats. The primary task of this new vessel would be to counter the German S-boat threat and to protect the British coastline in areas where larger vessels, such as destroyers, couldn't operate.

With WW2 already in full swing, the need for this kind of vessel was considered high and an emphasis was put on ease of mass-production, in order to manufacture as many ships as quickly as possible.

The Denny company was tasked with designing a vessel around the Admiralty's specifications. They armed the vessel, similar in design to the contemporary Fairmiles, with cannons, machine guns and torpedo tubes, decided to construct it from steel so as to make it fit for mass-production, but soon ran into a serious problem.

The conventional power supply of the time came from either petrol or diesel engines, neither of which was readily available in wartime Britain. Thus, the decision was made to outfit the new vessel with two steam turbines, producing 4,000 horsepower each.

The Admiralty approved the design and ordered an initial nine vessels to be produced, whilst a total of sixty were planned. However, these plans were soon dropped and out of the nine vessels that were laid down, seven actually saw completion.

Nonetheless, the seven ships that did come out of the shipyards proved themselves in combat, despite some endurance and efficiency problems presented by the steam propulsion system. Thanks to their heavy armament, they quickly gained respect from German S-boat captains, who often tried to avoid encountering an SGB.

Only a single SGB was lost in combat during WW2, with the majority serving into the Cold War before being decommissioned from service.

''- From [[wt:en/news/5817-fleet-development-sgb-304-grey-fox-old-technology-new-era-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

'''Related development'''

* [[SGB (S309)]] (Same class)
* [[Fairmile D (601)]]
* [[Fairmile D (697)]]

'''Shared operational history'''

* [[Vosper 2 series]]
* [[Hunt (Family)]]
* [[R-boot (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5817-fleet-development-sgb-304-grey-fox-old-technology-new-era-en|[Devblog] SGB 304 Grey Fox: Old Technology, New Era]]

{{ShipManufacturer Yarrow Shipbuilders}}
{{Britain boats}}

HMS Spey

2022-10-29T14:32:06Z

U69651212: Grammar edits

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_frigate_river
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=River class (K-246) (Britain)
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} British gunboat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.89 "Imperial Navy"]] as a reward for the [[wt:en/news/6293-special-operation-h-e-a-t-en|2019 Operation H.E.A.T]] event.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}


The River class does not have much in the way of armour. The hull of the ship is made from 8 mm thick steel, with the superstructure being made of 4 mm thick steel. This is enough to repel damage from low calibre machine-guns, but does little against the cannons and autocannons commonly found at this battle rating. The only armour on the ship is around some gun shields.

;Armour Layout

* Ship Construction
** Hull: 8 mm steel
** Superstructure: 4 mm steel
* 5 mm Anti-fragmentation armour - Main calibre (102 mm) turrets gun shields
* 12.7 mm Hardened armour - AA (20 mm) turrets gun shields

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}


The River class is not particularly fast, with a top speed less than that of destroyers. However, it is relatively manoeuvrable for its size. Despite this, you must remember the River class is no small vessel. Because of your size, you're a prime target for torpedoes, and you need to be aware of your surroundings and the likely direction of enemy torpedoes if you wish to avoid them in time.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|4 inch/45 Mark XVI (102 mm)}}

The primary armament of the River class consists of two Mark XIX 102 mm cannons, located at the front and rear of the ship. These are powerful cannons at the River class's battle rating; the HE shells can cause devastating damage to torpedo boats and sometimes destroy them in a single salvo. Even against larger ships, the HE shells can cause significant damage, which coupled with the high rate of fire (3 - 3.9 second reload depending on the crew) allows you to kill enemy vessels very quickly.

The semi-armour piecing shells have a fairly good penetration of 137 mm at 1 km, this is better than the SAP shells found on most British destroyers, however the explosive mass is 600 g of TNT, less than the 700 - 900 g usually found on British destroyer guns.

;Primary Armament

* 1 x 102 mm Mark XIX cannon, forward turret, 200 rounds of ammo
** Horizontal guidance: ±180°
** Vertical guidance: -4° / +60°
** Horizontal targeting speed: 10°/s
** Vertical targeting speed: 10°/s
* 1 x 102 mm Mark XIX cannon, aft turret, 200 rounds of ammo
** Horizontal guidance: ±180°
** Vertical guidance: -3° / +60°
** Horizontal targeting speed: 10°/s
** Vertical targeting speed: 8°/s

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 1,000 m !! 2,500 m !! 5,000 m !! 7,500 m !! 10,000 m !! 15,000 m
|-
| 4 inch HE || HE || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20
|-
| 4 inch SAP || SAP || 102 || 85 || 64 || 48 || 38 || 30
|-
| 4 inch HE-TF || HE-TF || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20
|-
| 4 inch HE-VT || HE-VT || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (s)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 4 inch HE || HE || 811 || 15.88 || 0 || 0.1 || 1,550 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 4 inch SAP || SAP || 811 || 17.35 || 0.015 || 5 || 600 || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| 4 inch HE-TF || HE-TF || 811 || 15.88 || 0 || 0.1 || 1,550 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="12" | Proximity-fused shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Arming distance (m)
! rowspan="2" | Trigger radius (m)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 4 inch HE-VT || HE-VT || 811 || 15.88 || 0 || 0.1 || 274 || 18 || 1,550 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|QF Mark VII (40 mm)}}

The River class has a very powerful secondary armament of two 40 mm QF Mark VII autocannons. These are mounted in turrets on each side of the ship, just aft of the midpoint. The positioning of these turrets means they can both engage vessels on the same side, in an 80-degree arc from the front of the ship, this allows them to cause substantial damage to enemy ships within this area.

The 40 mm QF Mark VII is an extremely potent weapon, with a good rate of fire, and a shell large enough to pierce most armour found at this tier, it is capable of causing incredible amounts of damage to both enemy ships and aircraft.

;Secondary Armament

* 2 x 40 mm QF Mark VII autocannon, mid-ship turrets, 2,000 rounds of ammo each
** Horizontal guidance: ±180°
** Vertical guidance: -10° / +90°
** Horizontal targeting speed: 40°/s
** Vertical targeting speed: 34°/s

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)}}

In addition to its 40 mm secondary turrets, the River class also has a pair of single Oerlikon Mk.II 20 mm autocannons mounted on each side of the bridge for anti-aircraft use. The Oerlikon's have a decent rate of fire and damage and are more than capable of taking down most aircraft you will face with little issue. It is also possible to use them against lightly armoured enemy ships, however, their damage is fairly limited, and their mediocre gun depression coupled with high mounting location means they cannot effectively engage targets at less than about 200 m range.

;Anti-aircraft Armament

* 2 x 20 mm Oerlikon Mk.II autocannon, either side of bridge, 2,400 rounds of ammo each
** Horizontal guidance: ±180°
** Vertical guidance: -5° / +65°

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Mk.VII depth charge|Mk.10 Hedgehog mortar|Y-gun Mk.VII depth charge}}

The River class can carry a truly staggering assortment of depth charges, of three different types. The first component consists of 34 Mk.VII depth charges, which are dropped into the water from two dispensers on the stern of the ship (in the same manner as on the [[Flower class (K-218)|Flower class]]). The next component of the River class's depth charge armament consists of 48 Mk.VII depth charges, distributed evenly between 8 depth charge mortars (6 chargers per mortar). There are four mortars on each side located at the rear of the ship, two mortars on each side launch depth charges directly out the side of the ship, with the other two are angled, pointing rearwards at approximately 45°. The final component is a 24 shot Mk.10 Hedgehog mortar (with another 24 depth charges in stock to reload it). This mortar is mounted on the bow of the ship and is capable of rapidly shooting 24 depth charges covering an area between about 200 m and 400 m directly in front of the ship.

== Usage in battles ==


The HMS Spey spawns at the destroyer / large ships spawn, where you can play the HMS Spey frigate as a mini-destroyer and use your decent cannons to engage enemy ships at longer distances. However, its sluggish pace makes is a sitting duck for enemy destroyers in the open.

When facing smaller ships, the HMS Spey can be used as somewhat of a brawler. You can use your large calibre guns to devastate smaller torpedo boats (if you can hit them) and use the secondary 40 mm cannons to consistently shred fast-moving targets. HMS Spey's large size, some armour, and fairly large crew means it can take a reasonable beating, however ships of powerful autocannons can still rapidly deplete your crew, and short-range torpedo attacks are always a major threat.

A safer option can be to keep out of the immediate area of the main fight, to use your impressive armament to rain down destruction from a distance while being somewhat safer from enemy return fire and torpedoes.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good primary armament
* Lethal secondary armament can be used effectively against ships and aircraft
* Adequate anti-aircraft armament
* Carries an astounding amount of depth charges
* Fairly manoeuvrable (considering its size)
* Can take a reasonable beating
* The rear turret can point quite far forwards, allowing you to hiot most targets with both of your main guns
* All turrets can rotate a full 360°, so switching to a target on the other side of the ship is less of an issue than on some other ships

'''Cons:'''

* Fairly slow
* Very large target
* Armour is lacking
* Turrets susceptible to damage, leaving you in precarious situations
* Large engine / transmission assembly prone to frequent damage and fires
* Ships with quick-firing autocannons can rapidly deplete your crew

== History ==


The River-class frigates were developed in the early 1940s on the same premise as the preceding Flower-class corvettes; quick and cheap to build convoy escort vessels which would protect merchant shipping in the North Atlantic from the ever-growing axis submarine threat. Unlike the Flower-class corvettes, however, River-class frigates were larger, had a longer range and were overall more suitable for operations in the North Atlantic.

Production of the River-class frigates began in 1941, with the first vessels being completed in the following year. Overall, over 150 River-class frigates would be built throughout WW2, of which only 17 were lost in combat actions.

River-class frigates primarily served with the Royal Navy, but they also served with many other nations during WW2, such as Canada, Australia, the USA, France, Netherlands and South Africa. They remained popular even after the war, serving with Denmark, Norway, New Zealand, India, Portugal, Egypt, Argentina, Chile and many more nations! The last River-class frigates were decommissioned from military service during the 1970s.

A River-class frigate, HMAS Diamantina is currently a museum ship in Brisbane, Australia. Diamantina was active from 1945 to 1946, was placed in reserve, then was recommissioned as a survey ship from 1959 until 1980. Going aboard shows how small and compact these warships are.

''- From [[wt:en/news/6297-development-river-class-k-246-off-shore-defender-en/|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_frigate_river Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


* [[Flower class (K-218)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6297-development-river-class-k-246-off-shore-defender-en|[Development] River class (K-246): Off shore defender]]

{{ShipManufacturer Smiths Dock Company}}
{{Britain boats}}
{{Britain premium ships}}

Fairmile D (697)

2022-10-29T14:30:48Z

U69651212: Grammar edits

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_fairmile_d_697_800
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British motor torpedo boat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.83 "Masters of the Sea"]] as part of the British fleet closed beta test.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

All around, the Fairmile D (697) has the same survivability as the other Fairmiles. The boat is protected with thin wooden structure and all HE shells 40 mm calibre upwards will wipe out the Fairmile D with ease. If you see even a small burst of shells heading to your way, you know the bottom awaits at that point.

Crew size of 30 doesn't help much either, as most of them tend to get wiped from the first hits to the boat's wooden structure.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

Mobility is comparable to other Fairmiles. For such a streamlined build, the Fairmile D (697) is rather slow and tends to be the last on the cap if compared to other similar boats such as the S-boats or PTs.

Like the other Fairmiles, the Fairmile D (697) is somewhat responsive when switching between reverse and forward. There is a delay, like with all boats, so getting accustomed to this is recommended. Long build of the boat and sluggishness affects the turning with unfavourable results, and it is recommended to not end up in tight or narrow spaces.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

As the Fairmile D (697) sits at rank V, its RP cost for most of the modules is between 9,000 to 16,000 research points.

RP boosters, premium account or talisman won't make spading the vehicle any easier than gaining any points in match with this ship is really hard to due to the boat's awful survivability and subpar armament.

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|6pdr 7cwt QF Mk IIA (57 mm)}}

The Fairmile D (697) is armed with two 6pdr 7cwt QF Mk IIA (57 mm) guns, one on the front and one on the rear. These guns pose a mediocre fire rate with mediocre shell velocity and are far inferior to 40 mm Bofors for example. 57 mm guns are only capable of firing HE so dealing with armoured targets is out of its league, but can reliably hit larger vessels up to a 3.5 kilometres away.

Focus on lightly armoured and small wooden vessels with these guns.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mark V (20 mm)}}

Positioned awkwardly in the middle of the boat, the dual 20 mm Oerlikon is made to fend off small boats which might get too close for the 57 mm guns to be effective. Although, this requires some maneuvering and thinking your positioning. The 20 mm can also work as extra AA armament.
=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|Vickers Mk.V (12.7 mm)|Vickers GO No.5 (7.7 mm)}}

Marginally bad 7.7 mm Vickers AA guns have terrible horizontal traverse, so you can forget them as an anti-aircraft guns, and also the damage dealt to enemy ships with them is quite minimal.

12.7 mm Vickers Mk.V heavy machine guns are excellent weapons for anti-aircraft purpose for planes that are in proximity, but keep in mind that if the plane is already close, it means you are probably dead in few seconds. Fire rate and damage is decent enough to deal with smaller non-armoured boats with lower battle rating. Boats such as LS-3s and Pr.123s are still common sight, so taking control of your AA weaponry is recommended in naval CQB.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|18 inch Mark XV (450 mm)|Mk.VII depth charge}}

Like some Fairmiles, the Fairmile D is armed with the common British Four 18" Mark XV torpedoes. These torpedoes have slow speed of 54 km/h and range of only 5 km with the torpedo mode modification installed.

Mk.VII depth charge is a depth charge. You'll might get a kill with them in one game out of a hundred if someone is foolish enough to sail too close of you, but due to the survivability of the Fairmile D, sailing close to the enemy and using the depth charges with purpose is not recommended.

== Usage in battles ==

Try to find cover or a small island. Use your reverse and forward speed to peek. Unload a burst of 57 mm HE shells from range and reverse back to cover. Keep your eyes open for possible targets and avoid heavily armoured Russian patrol boats like the MBKs at all cost. Look for weak or half-dead opponents, as they are the only prey you can feast upon with the Fairmile D's underwhelming armament.

If taking cover is not possible in the map: stay on the move and try to avoid fire and enemies, as the Fairmile D tends to lose against everything due to its awful survivability. Try to hit enemies on the move with the 57 mm guns. Overall, avoid sharp turns and combat against multiple enemies in the same time.

Only engage in combat with Fairmile D (697) when you know that you have a sure shot, upper hand, or you are facing a weaker opponent.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 12.7 mm Vickers are decent against planes and smaller boats.

'''Cons:'''

* Wooden structure and no reliable armour means that your survivability in all sorts of engagements is abysmal.
* Armament is subpar when compared to other Fairmiles armed with 40 mm Bofors.
* QF 57 mm are capable of firing only HE and can't deal with boats with armour.
* 105 mm or larger HE shells will one-shot Fairmile D (697).

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


* [[Fairmile D (601)]] - Sister ship that is slightly faster with 57 mm armaments replaced with automatic 40 mm cannons and no torpedoes.
* [[Fairmile D (617)]] - Sister ship that is slightly faster with Mk.VIII torpedoes.
* [[Fairmile D (5001)]] - Sister ship available as a pack, armed with a pair of Mk.VIII and Mk XV torpedoes.

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on ship;''
* ''other literature.''

{{ShipManufacturer Fairmile Marine Company}}
{{Britain boats}}

Dark Aggressor TD

2022-10-29T14:29:04Z

U69651212: Grammar edits

{{About
| about = gift British motor gun boat '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the regular version
| link = Dark Aggressor
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_dark_class_mtb_td
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} British motor torpedo boat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "New Power"]] as a [[wt:en/news/6968-more-twitch-drops-en|reward for watching War Thunder streams on Twitch.tv]] along with a unique skin for the vehicle.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}


Dark Aggressor has the following armour layout:

* Hull: 40 mm, wood
* Superstructure: 15 mm, wood

Dark Aggressor has no armour at all, lacking even a gun shield for the main cannon. Right beneath the gun are also two large ammunition racks. These cannot be removed unless all ammo for the main gun is emptied. Altogether, with a crew complement of only 15, Dark Aggressor's survivability is low.

On top of this, being a small boat, she can be hull-broken by any gun with a diameter above 4 inches (102 mm). At Dark Aggressor's battle rating, there are three guns capable of hull-break: the [[8cwt QF Mk I (114 mm)]] (found on {{Specs-Link|uk_dark_class}}), the [[10.5 cm SK C/32 (105 mm)|10.5 cm SK C/32]] (found on {{Specs-Link|germ_artilleriefahrprahm_typ_d3}}), and the [[120 mm/45 Type 3 (120 mm)|120 mm/45 Type 3]] (found on {{Specs-Link|jp_escort_hiburi_class_syonan}}). Luckily for Dark Aggressor, though, the first two are quite rare to see and are mounted on vehicles that are easily knocked out themselves, and the third is a rather bad cannon that most players don't even use. This makes hull-breaks fairly rare.

All things considered, aside from the ammunition racks in the bow, Dark Aggressor's survivability is more or less average. Low survivability and the ability to be hull-broken are the norms for most boats at this battle rating, and really shouldn't be looked at as a disadvantage on the part of Dark Aggressor.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="6" | '''Mobility Characteristics'''
|-
! rowspan="2" | Game Mode
! rowspan="2" | Upgrade Status
! colspan="2" | Maximum Speed (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Turn Time (s)|Time needed to complete a 360° turn at maximum speed}}
! rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Turn Radius (m)|At maximum speed}}
|-
! rowspan="1" | Forward
! rowspan="1" | Reverse
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|AB|Arcade Battles}}
| {{Annotation|Stock|All modifications removed}} || 73 || 27 || ~26.18 || ~43.98
|-
| {{Annotation|Upgraded|All modifications installed}} || 100 || 37 || ~17.38 || ~27.66
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|RB|Realistic Battles}}/{{Annotation|SB|Simulator Battles}}
| {{Annotation|Stock|All modifications removed}} || 64 || 24 || ~29.02 || ~50.04
|-
| {{Annotation|Upgraded|All modifications installed}} || 74 || 27 || ~23.83 || ~40.03
|-
|}

Dark Aggressor's maximum speeds, mobility, acceleration, and stopping are all average, not too much better or worse than any of the other fast motor torpedo boats or motor gun boats around her battle rating.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|QF Mark VII (40 mm)}}

In her primary armament group, Dark Aggressor has a single 40 mm QF Mark VII in a single mount just in front of the bridge. It has 1,500 rounds of ammunition available for it. It can traverse horizontally at a rate of 40°/s and vertically at a rate of 34°/s. The gun has a magazine capacity of 4 rounds and has a rate of fire of 160 rounds/min. With a stock crew, the gun can be reloaded in 0.49 seconds; with an aced crew, it can be reloaded in 0.38 seconds. Firing the gun for too long will cause it to jam. Its maximum range against surface targets is roughly 3.25 km.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="2" | '''Guidance for the Secondary Gun Turret'''
|-
! Horizontal !! Vertical
|-
| ±180° || -10°/+89°
|-
|}

There are three ammunition options available:

* Universal: {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-Piercing Tracer}}/{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-Explosive Fragmentary Incendiary Tracer}}
* 40 mm HE clips: {{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-Explosive Fragmentary Incendiary Tracer}}/{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-Explosive Fragmentary Incendiary Tracer}}/{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-Explosive Fragmentary Incendiary Tracer}}/{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-Piercing Tracer}}
* 40 mm AP clips: {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-Piercing Tracer}}/{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-Piercing Tracer}}/{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-Piercing Tracer}}/{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-Explosive Fragmentary Incendiary Tracer}}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="7" | '''Penetration Statistics'''
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| Universal || 80 || 77 || 66 || 57 || 50 || 45
|-
| 40 mm HE clips || 80 || 77 || 66 || 57 || 50 || 45
|-
| 40 mm AP clips || 80 || 77 || 66 || 57 || 50 || 45
|-
|}

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Mk.VIII (533 mm)|Mk.VII depth charge}}

Dark Aggressor has four torpedo tubes, two on each side, and can carry a total of four 533 mm Mk.VIII torpedoes. The torpedo tubes are pointed forwards, but are angled outwards on each side. They are fixed, requiring the boat to be turned in order to aim them.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="9" | '''Torpedo Characteristics'''
|-
! Torpedo Mode !! Mass (kg) !! Maximum speed in water (km/h) !! Travel distance (km) !! Depth stroke (m) !! Arming distance (m) !! Explosive type !! Explosive mass (kg) !! TNT equivalent (kg)
|-
| {{Annotation|No|'Torpedo Mode' modification uninstalled}} || 1566 || 84 || 4.57 || 1 || 50 || TNT || 327 || 327
|-
| {{Annotation|Yes|'Torpedo Mode' modification installed}} || 1566 || 76 || 6.40 || 1 || 50 || TNT || 327 || 327
|}

The Torpedo Mode modification is available as a tier IV modification. Installing it has the following changes:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="2" | '''Torpedo Mode Specification Changes'''
|-
! Max Distance (m)
! Max Speed (m/s)
|-
| +1830 || -1
|-
|}

The Dark Aggressor can carry two Mk.VII depth charges mounted on the aft, one on each side facing outwards. The depth charges drop one-at-a-time in the following order (see the image):

# Starboard side
# Port side

Before spawning, the detonation time delay can be set anywhere between 3 seconds and 10 seconds.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Mass (kg)
! Explosive Type
! Explosive Mass (kg)
! TNT Equivalent (kg)
|-
| 196 || TNT || 130 || 130
|}

== Usage in battles ==


;Ammunition Choices

The best ammunition choice is 40 mm HE clips because it has the highest ratio of HE rounds to AP rounds, which means it has the highest effectiveness against both aircraft and surface targets. The 40 mm HE clips should be the primary ammunition type used, but several 40 mm AP clips should also be taken into battle for use against certain armoured targets and against enemies sailing directly bow-in. In the latter case, HE rounds will detonate on a possibly already-destroyed bow compartment, leaving the rest of the vessel unharmed. AP rounds will pass through the bow compartment and deal damage to the rear of the vessel.

From arcade battle experience, AP rounds are more versatile in battle and are the better choice in most situations, especially when engaging surface targets of similar size within tier 2 and always try to resolve direct fights as quickly as possible (either by winning or disengaging as quickly as possible). This boat is best used when outranging, flanking or ambushing the opposition given the facts it possesses poor armour, but the gun can sustain long periods of continued fire therefore, strafing targets is encouraged.

;Torpedoes

The 18-inch Mk.XII is fairly average in terms of maximum speed and range, but it has a very low TNT equivalence compared to other torpedoes at this tier. Still, a hit with the Mk.XII torpedo on any boat at this tier is more than enough to destroy it. Otherwise, this is torpedo is unnoteworthy.

The Torpedo Mode modification should always be installed. The higher maximum speed is much more valuable against the fast-moving boats of tier I and II, and the maps are small enough that the reduction to the maximum range doesn't really matter.

;Depth Charges

Being anti-submarine weapons and with the present lack of submarines in the game, there is practically no reason to use them. While they can be used against surface targets, this is extremely situational. Sailing up right next to a slower target and dropping a depth charge can lead to some success, though again, this is very situational. If attempting this, remember the order in which the depth charges drop and that there is no reason to use any depth charge activation time setting above the minimum 3 seconds, since higher delay times means the depth charge will sink further, and thus away, from the target. Again, it should be reiterated that this is very situational.

There is no practical reason to take them into battle, since, if they're not dropped, they essentially become unarmoured ammo racks.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 40 mm QF Mark VII: powerful HE rounds, very high-penetration AP rounds (80 mm)
* Very quick reload, practically continuous fire
* Can outrange most enemies

'''Cons:'''

* 40 mm QF Mark VII cannot fire directly backwards and takes a long time to cool
* Main armament easily knocked out
* No secondary or AA guns
* Two large ammo racks below the forward gun, cannot be removed

== History ==

{{main|Dark Aggressor#History|l1=History of the Dark Aggressor}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_dark_class_mtb_td Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


* {{Specs-Link|uk_dark_class}}
* {{Specs-Link|uk_brave_borderer}}

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Britain boats}}

Fairmile H LCS(L)(2)

2022-10-29T14:27:39Z

U69651212: Grammar edits

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_fairmile_lcs_l_h_mk2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British motor gun boat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Direct Hit"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

While the Valentine turret itself is armoured and that has some utility, the magazines beneath it are not, nor is anything else on the ship. Moderate size and amounts of open space have marginal utility, but other peers survive on mobility.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

The boat's mobility is very poor, with such a low top speed, the mediocre acceleration (~19 seconds to top speed, ~16 seconds to stop, ~26 seconds to reverse from full speed) doesn't even allow a user of this boat to reverse out of danger quickly, nor does the turning radius. It is likely any positioning mistakes will be punished greatly. There isn't a saving grace, but if there was one it would be relative stability at flank speed.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|6pdr QF Mk.V (57 mm)}}
The 6pdr gun has unique access in the coastal tree to armour-piercing rounds. While the HE rounds have minimal effectiveness, mostly due to the low rate of fire (most other 6pdr guns in the coastal tree are semi-automatic), be sure to utilize the AP capability to the maximum, hitting vital modules and tougher targets.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mark V (20 mm)}}
The two 20 mm cannons have limited utility against ships, but are useful in an AA role.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|Vickers Mk.V (12.7 mm)}}
The two .50 cal machine guns are almost no use on their own, but combined with the 20 mm cannons, they're useful in an AA role, though their range is minimal.

=== Special armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Special}}

{{main|Ordnance ML 4.2-inch mortar}}
The 4.2-inch mortar is practically useless, stuck to a 1 km firing range, taking forever to reach its target, and doing minimal damage when it arrives.

== Usage in battles ==

Due to the slow speed and armour, trying to stick with the team is important. If you're in trouble or make a positioning mistake, low speed will give opponents plenty of opportunity to punish users of this vehicle. Soviet armoured boats can be tough for the rest of the team to deal with, having armour to stay protected with good enough mobility to avoid being hit by torpedoes, so be on the lookout for those. Also consider taking the role of an "AA barge," targeting aircraft outside 45° either side of the bow, even the 20 mm turrets can have difficulty targeting aircraft in the forward arc. Dashing from cover to cover is key in any boat, but taking the most efficient path is necessary to survival in such a slow boat. Consider choosing the right moment with support before moving out of cover. Utilize sight lines to the maximum and consider going for close-range ambushes. The boat's effectiveness at close range but inability to close that range easily make it a tricky one to play well.

Against Soviet armoured boats, the [[Pr.191]], [[Pr.191M]], and [[Pr.1124 early]], and [[Pr.1124 late]], knock out the turrets then proceed to the magazines or bridge. Against the [[MBK pr.186]] or [[MBK-161 late]] or similar heavier boats, you'll need a near enough point-blank and square shot on the side of the turrets to knock them out. Consider hitting the magazines, above the waterline but below the turrets.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* The primary armament, the fore Valentine turret is well armoured
* the 6pdr armour-piercing shell is unique to this boat and effective, able to fire down the length of enemy boats or simply break them apart hitting both sides and going through components, especially against Soviet armoured boats. Just be sure to hit vital components.
* 20 mm mounts and the .50 cals can be surprisingly effective against aircraft, especially outside the front 45 degree arc

'''Cons:'''

* Painfully slow speed, and its turning radius is mediocre
* With no armour outside the Valentine turret, the magazines are somewhat vulnerable
* 4.2-inch mortar is useless, stuck to a 1 km range though potshots may yield minimal results
* Valentine turret traverse speed is poor

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{ShipManufacturer Fairmile Marine Company}}
{{Britain boats}}

MTB-422

2022-10-29T14:26:48Z

U69651212: Grammar edits

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_higgins_78ft_mtb422
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} British motor torpedo boat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Winged Lions"]] as a reward for [[Battle Pass: Season VI, "Firepower"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

The MTB-422 lacks any dedicated armour on the entire vessel. This results in exposed modules, such as turrets, being knocked out easily. The ammunition is also all stored above the waterline, meaning ammunition detonations are relatively common. This can be mitigated slightly by angling the vessel.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

The MTB-422 is quite quick to accelerate thanks to its three 4,500 shp Packard W-14 M2500 gasoline engines powering three shafts. The top speed of the vessel is 74 km/h which is competitive for its BR and allows it to quickly reach cap zones. The manoeuvrability of the MTB-422 is provided by a pair of rudders, which allow for tight turns in littoral environments.

Overall, MTB-422 excels in environments with cover, in which it can fully utilize its ability to speedily flank and attack the enemy from the side or behind.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Being a premium vehicle, the MTB-422 comes with all modifications unlocked.

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|Bofors L/60 Mark 3 (40 mm)}}

The main armament of the MTB-422 is a single 40 mm Bofors L/60 Mark 3 cannon mounted near the stern of the vessel. This cannon allows the vessel to punch above its weight class, as it is capable of putting down heavy Russian gunboats such as the [[Pr.1204 late]] or even the [[MBK-161 late]]. The 40 mm has a choice of three different belts available to it.

* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}
* '''40 mm HE clips:''' {{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}
* '''40 mm AP clips:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}

It is recommended to mostly bring HE belts, as most opponents will not have the armour to require the use of AP. However, captains should still bring at least some AP belts, as armoured gunboats tend to resist the 40 mm HE quite effectively.

It should be noted however that since the gun is on the stern of the vessel, the entire boat must turn to get the gun on target.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)|AN-M2 (12.7 mm)}}

The secondary armament of the MTB-422 consists of one 20 mm Oerlikon autocannon and four 12.7 mm AN-M2 heavy machine guns in two twin mounts. The secondary armament both supplements and improves the primary armament by sheer volume of fire. The amount of lead that can be sustainably output by the autocannon and machine guns can easily destroy exposed modules and other parts of enemy crafts. The 20 mm autocannon gets a selection of three different belts to choose from:

* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|HEF-T|High-explosive fragmentation tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}
* '''20 mm HE:''' {{Annotation|HEF-T|High-explosive fragmentation tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}
* '''20 mm AP:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}

It is recommended to use the HE belts as they have the most post-penetration damage potential.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Mk.VIII (533 mm)}}

The MTB-422 is equipped with two [[Mk.VIII (533 mm)|Mk.VIII]] torpedoes on either side of the bridge and angled slightly to the left and right respectively. These torpedoes have a warhead with 327 kg of TNT, which is middling for most torpedoes. They travel at 84 km/h with a 4.57 km range without the torpedo mode modification installed, and 76 km/h with a 6.4 km range with the modification installed.

Overall, these torpedoes can easily one shot destroyers and seriously damage cruisers. It recommended to not use the torpedo mode modification as most engagements will be within the 4.57 km range and the added speed reduces the opponent's chance to evade.

== Usage in battles ==

Overall, the MTB-422 can be used as a hit-and-run style of gunboat. The mobility and manoeuvrability allow it to reach a capture point, capture, and then escape to set an ambush for boats trying to recapture the point. In an uptier, it is recommended to try to sneak around the map to capture points and perform torpedo runs on unaware destroyers. In a downtier, the boat may be played much more aggressively, as the 40 mm cannon will shred low-tier coastal vessels with just a few shots. It should also be mentioned that it makes an excellent addition to a high tier naval lineup as it is a great coastal vessel to capture points in before spawning in larger capital ships.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* The 2 x 12.7 mm AN-M2 MGs and the 20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II cannon are in the same firing group
* Powerful combined broadside capable of dealing with most opponents
* Sheer volume of fire can often overwhelm opponents
* Torpedoes can cripple larger warships with a single hit

'''Cons:'''

* The 40 and 20 mm cannons have poor field of fire, limited to only side and rear
* Inadequate armour results in damage being taken easily
* Low crew count

== History ==


=== [[wt:en/news/7520-development-battle-pass-vehicles-mtb-422-en|Devblog]] ===

The PT-92 torpedo boat was built in the USA at the end of 1942 at the Higgins Industries shipyard in New Orleans, LA, amongst the bulk of the sister 78-foot boats she was intended for Lend-Lease delivery to the Soviet Union. Due to the cancellation of the spring convoy in 1943, the boat went on to serve in the Royal Navy, where she received the hull number MTB-422. Here the boat was used in combat operations in the Mediterranean until the end of World War II. After the war, the boat returned to the United States, where she served at least until the mid-1950's; the further fate of the boat is unknown. The boat was finally decommissioned from service late in 1985.

== Media ==


;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|WlS7yspnciI|'''Battle Pass: Firepower''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 01:20 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==

''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7520-development-battle-pass-vehicles-mtb-422-en|[Devblog] Battle Pass vehicles: MTB-422]]

{{ShipManufacturer Higgins}}
{{Britain boats}}
{{Britain premium ships}}

SGB Grey Goose

2022-10-29T14:26:03Z

U69651212: Grammar edits

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_sgb_309
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=SGB (S309) (Britain)
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} British motor gun boat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.97 "Viking Fury"]] as a reward for the [[wt:en/news/6669-special-space-race-en|"Space Race" event]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}


The Grey Goose has a 6 mm thick steel hull and 4 mm thick steel superstructure, with barely any armour whatsoever. It has 12.7 mm antifragmentation armour on the front guns and 8 mm antifragmentation armour on the 76 mm gun on the back, this combined with the profile of the guns result in the armaments only getting hit and disabled rarely. It also has 19 mm thick antifragmentation armour located on both sides of the boat near the center, where the engine is located. This makes the engine protected against most low calibre weapons on its tier, and it can usually be only penetrated by higher calibre AP rounds. This armour however does not extend far enough to protect any of the ammo storages on the ship, and if the front is under heavy fire, it will often result in the detonation of the quite large ammunition storage. The ship crew consists of only 34 people, making it the second most common cause of destruction.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}


The ship has a maximum speed of 87 km/h in AB and 65 km/h in RB. Acceleration and deceleration is poor, but turning rate is excellent at high speeds compared to other ships of its size, comparable to PT boats, which it can mostly keep up with.

Displacement is 255 tons.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|2pdr QF Mk.IIc (40 mm)|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)}}

The main guns are located on the front of the ship, a [[2pdr QF Mk.IIc (40 mm)]] automatic cannon and a [[20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mark 24 (20 mm)|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm) autocannon]]. Both have 56 ammo in a clip, but the 20 mm fires considerably faster, usually emptying multiple seconds before the 40 mm. This can prove to be useful, as you can sustain fire with at least one of the guns at all times. They have 2240 and 1800 maximum total ammunition respectively, providing a generous pool for long engagements. The turrets can rotate almost all the way to the back, but the 20 mm blocks the 40 mm from firing directly to the front, so the ship needs to be angled slightly off target if both guns need to be fired on it. They are fit for close to medium range engagements, but quickly fall off at long ranges.

The available ammunition belts are as follows:

* Universal (HEF/AP-T/HEF/AP-T)
* 40 mm HE (HEF/HEF/HEF/AP-T)
* 40 mm AP (AP-T/AP-T/AP-T/HEF)

All three belts contain the same AP-T (Armour-piercing tracer shell) and HEF (High-explosive fragmentation shell) ammunition, only in different ratios. This makes all belts viable, the selection should be only based on speculation of opponents or preferred targets, and eliminate the need to switch belt type mid-battle.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|OQF 3in 20cwt (76 mm)}}

The ship is armed with a [[OQF 3in 20cwt (76 mm)]] cannon, which has 150 total ammunition.

It can use 2 types of rounds:

* HE shell
* Mk.1 shrapnel shell

The HE shell should be used against other ships, but it only has 6 mm of penetration, so it is only effective against lightly-armoured targets. The shrapnel round is effective against small boats, and thanks to its unique quality, it can also be used as a crude variable time fused AA cannon. Due to the relatively low muzzle velocity and low calibre compared to proper flak cannons, it will usually only deter enemy aircraft, with actual kills with it being rare. If both sea and air targets are set to be engaged, this turret will prefer air targets, often suppressing them through the course of the match.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|Vickers Mk.V (12.7 mm)}}

Two turrets outfitted each with two [[Vickers Mk.V (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm Vickers Mk.V]] machine guns can be found on both sides of the boat, and they have 8,000 total rounds. They can aim to the sides of the ship, and all the way up, and thanks to the high rate of fire, typically kills smaller close flying aircraft and smaller PT-boats, but becoming ineffective at medium-long ranges.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Mk.VIII (533 mm)|Type M Mark I mine}}

The ship is outfitted with 2 x [[Mk.VIII (533 mm)]] torpedo launcher tubes, pointing forward, but angled away considerably. This angle matches the usual engagement angle. The destructive power combined with high mobility can be deadly against larger craft, which would resist the smaller armaments on the ship otherwise.

The ship can be equipped with 4 x [[Type M Mark I mine]]s, 2 on each side, in the back. They are dropped individually, starting with the 2 on the left and then on the right. They can destroy almost any vessel on the same battle rating, mostly if deployed along high traffic, narrow routes, or near capture points.

== Usage in battles ==


The Grey Goose is best played as a PT-boat hunter, but remains usable up to ships of the same size. The rapid-firing guns allow for quick adjustments, making it adaptable to quick range or speed changes of the target. The amount and type of armaments on the ship allow it to take up the position of an AA-ship for a while, if need be. It is best to avoid larger ships and long engagement ranges, as any hit from a larger calibre can destroy it, and the majority of the guns fall off at great distances.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* High speed
* Manoeuvrability
* Rapid-firing, accurate armaments
* Option for a "primitive" flak cannon

'''Cons:'''

* Poor acceleration and deceleration
* No armour around some components and ammunition
* Short effective distance
* Weapons not fit to fight larger ships

== History ==


The SGB series was designed due to the need of a hybrid of a motor gun boat and a motor torpedo boat by the Royal Navy. They were the only Coastal Forces ships to be made of steel. The Royal Navy originally wanted 52 of them, but only ordered 9. The series was marked SGB 1 to 9. 2 of them were destroyed during production, and only 6 of them survived the war. SGB9 was used as a trial vessel until 1956 by Vospers. The Grey Goose was sold in 1957, and is currently in Hoo St Werburgh, used as a houseboat.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_sgb_309 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[SGB (S304)]]

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:Steam_Gun_Boat|[Wikipedia] Steam Gun Boat]]

{{ShipManufacturer J. Samuel White}}
{{Britain boats}}
{{Britain premium ships}}

HMS Marlborough

2022-10-29T14:22:59Z

U69651212: Grammar edits

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_battleship_marlborough
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British battleship {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Ground Breaking"]].

The Marlborough is an Iron Duke-class battleship, the last of the British so-called "super dreadnoughts" to be armed with the 13.5-inch guns. They were the most advanced battleships in service with the Royal Navy at the outbreak of World War I, featuring significantly larger guns than contemporary German dreadnoughts.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|13.5 inch/45 Mark 5(H) (343 mm)}}

The Marlborough is armed with ten BL 13.5-inch Mark V (H) guns distributed in five twin turrets. Four of these located in the bow and stern, two each, while the fifth turret is located amidships. All are located in the centreline, allowing all main guns to be used in a broadside. They have a maximum rate of fire of 2 rounds/minute with an ace crew. All turrets have +/-150 degrees of traverse, although the amidships turret has somewhat more restricted firing arcs because of the superstructure. Unlike the preceding [[HMS Dreadnought|Dreadnought]], the Marlborough has a modern director fire control system that is considerably more accurate and computes firing solutions faster.

The main guns have a choice of four shells: HE, APC Mark Ia, CPC, and APC Mark IIIa. The HE shell has a massive explosive filler of ~88 kg of TNT equivalent. It is capable of inflicting devastating damage against lightly armoured targets such as destroyers and some light cruisers. The APC Mark Ia has a larger explosive filler (~22 kg TNT equivalent) but less penetration, while the later APC Mark IIIa trades a smaller explosive filler (~16.5 kg TNT equivalent) for more penetration. They are most effective against heavier armour, such as on battleships or armoured cruisers. The CPC is a semi-armour piercing round, combining a respectable amount of penetration with a significantly larger explosive filler (~58 kg TNT equivalent) than the APC ammunition. It is most effective against cruisers, but lacks the penetration to get through battleship belt armour.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 1,000 m !! 2,500 m !! 5,000 m !! 7,500 m !! 10,000 m !! 15,000 m
|-
| 13.5 inch HE || HE || 77 || 77 || 77 || 77 || 77 || 77
|-
| 13.5 inch APC Mk.Ia || APCBC || 563 || 532 || 486 || 446 || 412 || 362
|-
| 13.5 inch CPBC || SAPCBC || 305 || 288 || 263 || 241 || 223 || 196
|-
| 13.5 inch APC Mk.IIIa || APCBC || 601 || 568 || 519 || 477 || 441 || 388
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (s)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (kg)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 13.5 inch HE || HE || 759 || 635 || 0 || 0.1 || 88.11 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 13.5 inch APC Mk.Ia || APCBC || 759 || 635 || 0.025 || 20 || 22.22 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| 13.5 inch CPBC || SAPCBC || 759 || 635 || 0.035 || 26 || 53.3 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| 13.5 inch APC Mk.IIIa || APCBC || 759 || 639.6 || 0.025 || 20 || 14.1 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
|}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|6 inch/45 BL Mark VII (152 mm)}}

The secondary armament of the Marlborough consists of twelve BL 6-inch Mark VII guns located in six casemates on each side of the hull. These have a maximum rate of fire of 7 rounds/minute with an ace crew.

The secondary guns can fire HE or CPC shells. Both shells have fairly large fillers of ~6.6 kg and ~3.7 kg of TNT equivalent, respectively. They are effective against destroyers and can even inflict considerable damage on lightly-armoured cruisers.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 1,000 m !! 2,500 m !! 5,000 m !! 7,500 m !! 10,000 m !! 15,000 m
|-
| 6 inch HE || HE || 53 || 53 || 53 || 53 || 53 || 53
|-
| 6 inch CPC || SAP || 119 || 102 || 79 || 62 || 50 || 40
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (s)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (kg)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 6 inch HE || HE || 784 || 45.3 || 0 || 0.1 || 6.6 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 6 inch CPC || SAP || 784 || 45.3 || 0.035 || 7 || 3.4 || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
|}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|4 in QF Mark V (102 mm)}}

The anti-aircraft armament of the Marlborough consists of only four QF 4-inch Mark V guns. Two of these are mounted on each side of the bridge conning tower, with another two mounted beneath the aft mast. These do not have a choice of ammunition, firing only HE shells, which severely restricts their effectiveness against aircraft.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Mk.IV (533 mm)}}

The Marlborough has four 21-inch fixed underwater torpedo tubes. These are located in front of the bow turrets and behind the stern turrets, one facing each side of the ship. These fire the 21-inch Mark IV torpedo, which has a speed and range of 65 km/h and 7.3 km. It is armed with a 234 kg TNT warhead.

== Usage in battles ==

The Marlborough relies on her powerful 13.5-inch main gun battery to inflict heavy damage on enemy vessels from long range. Her HE shells have the largest explosive filler of any shell currently in the game, while the CPC semi-armour piercing round is a lethal threat to cruisers with its blend of decent penetration and potent explosive filler. The AP shells are nothing to sneeze at, either, thanks to their good penetration and respectable fillers. The powerful secondary 6-inch guns are also quite capable of defending the Marlborough against most destroyers and smaller craft that get into range. Manually controlling the secondary guns while waiting for the main guns to reload is also helpful for supplementing the damage output of the Marlborough.

The armour protection on the Marlborough is adequate, but can be improved dramatically by taking advantage of her good main gun traverse arcs to angle the armour. This is particularly important when engaging other battleships, as the upper belt armour is fairly thin, and she does not have a torpedo belt to help break up enemy shells like on the [[USS Wyoming|Wyoming]] or [[Parizhskaya kommuna|Parizhskaya Kommuna]].

The greatest weakness of the Marlborough is her non-existent anti-aircraft defences. Like almost all World War I era ships, she has nearly no anti-aircraft guns and relatively thin deck armour, making her vulnerable to large bombs. She also completely lacks any torpedo bulges or protection, and is thus also very vulnerable to both ship and air launched torpedoes. She is completely reliant on allied cruisers or more modern battleships such as the [[Scharnhorst]] or Parizhskaya Kommuna to provide anti-aircraft protection.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* Thick belt armour
* Large explosive fillers in HE and CPC shells
* Heavy 6-inch gun secondary battery
* Above average crew count
* Heavily armoured main gun turrets and bridge conning tower

'''Cons:'''

* Below average manoeuvrability
* Fixed torpedo tubes
* Thickest part of belt armour is submerged below the waterline
* Non-existent anti-aircraft armament
* No torpedo protection

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_battleship_marlborough Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|6kUe7pdqCC0|'''Best Battleships''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 02:09 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==

''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7375-development-hms-marlborough-the-iron-duke-en|[Devblog] HMS Marlborough: The Iron Duke]]

{{ShipManufacturer Devonport}}
{{Britain battleships}}

HMS Kelvin

2022-10-29T14:19:25Z

U69651212: Grammar edits

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_destroyer_k_class
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]].

HMS ''Kelvin'' is a member of the trio of J, K, and N classes of destroyers. She is modeled as she was when originally completed in 1939, while her relatives [[HMS Nepal|HMS ''Nepal'']] and [[HMS Jervis|HMS ''Jervis'']] are modeled with their wartime refits. Thus, the ''Kelvin'' has weaker anti-aircraft defences than her relatives, in exchange for a heavier torpedo broadside.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

The ''Kelvin'' has absolutely no armour protection other than the gun shields. The main guns have 3.2 mm-thick shields, which will protect against nothing more than light machine gun bullets, while the Vickers .50 cal machine guns have 12.7 mm shields. The hull is standard 16 mm steel, which is resistant to low calibre HE and machine guns, but not much more.

The bow main gun ammunition racks are located slightly below the waterline, but the ones in the stern, as well as the bow secondary ammunition storage, are exposed above the waterline. This makes the ''Kelvin'' very vulnerable to ammunition detonation from hits at the waterline, and caution should be taken.

The machinery of the ''Kelvin'' is also exposed above the waterline, and she is vulnerable to engine damage as well. In addition, the ''Kelvin'' has only one funnel, so if it is destroyed, her mobility will be substantially crippled.

The ''Kelvin'' has a crew of 208, which is unremarkable compared to most other destroyers, and substantially worse than the German destroyers, as well as some American ones.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

The ''Kelvin'' has a respectable top speed, and she will easily keep pace with most other destroyers. Her acceleration is good, and she will easily reach her top speed.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|4.7 inch/45 Mk.XII (120 mm)}}

The ''Kelvin''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s main armament consists of six QF 4.7-inch Mk. XII guns, four of them in dual-gun bow A and B turrets, with another two in a stern dual-gun X turret. The upper B and X turrets have unrestricted traverse, while the lower A turret is restricted to 145° to either side. Because of this, the ''Kelvin'' can bring all of its gun turrets to bear on a target ahead while showing very little broadside. This can make her harder to hit, especially at range and on the move. The maximum elevation is only 40°, which makes them of limited use against aircraft. The traverse speed of the turrets is also somewhat below average.

The guns have a rate-of-fire of 12 rounds/minute while the 30-round first-stage ammunition rack is not empty, dropping to 10 rounds/minute when they are empty.

The 4.7-inch gun can fire HE, HE-TF, SAP, and HE-VT. HE-VT is flatly superior to HE and HE-TF, hence there is no point using the latter two once HE-VT has been unlocked. It is also very effective against aircraft, though the poor gun elevation means that the ''Kelvin'' will often not be able to engage attacking aircraft with the main guns. SAP is useful against armoured targets such as American destroyers with belt armour or light cruiser armour at closer ranges. Due to the smaller calibre, the shells of the 4.7-inch gun generally lack in explosive filler compared to contemporary guns such as the American 5"/38 or the German 12.8 cm guns.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 1,000 m !! 2,500 m !! 5,000 m !! 7,500 m !! 10,000 m !! 15,000 m
|-
| HE Mk.VIIA || HE || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35
|-
| SAP Mk.VA || SAP || 116 || 92 || 63 || 44 || 33 || 29
|-
| HE-TF Mk.VIIA || HE-TF || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35
|-
| HE-VT Mk.VIIA || HE-VT || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (s)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| HE Mk.VIIA || HE || 808 || 22.68 || 0 || 0.1 || 3,000 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| SAP Mk.VA || SAP || 808 || 22.68 || 0.015 || 5 || 900 || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| HE-TF Mk.VIIA || HE-TF || 808 || 22.68 || 0 || 0.1 || 3,000 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="12" | Proximity-fused shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Arming distance (m)
! rowspan="2" | Trigger radius (m)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| HE-VT Mk.VIIA || HE-VT || 808 || 22.68 || 0 || 0.1 || 244 || 23 || 3,000 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|2pdr QF Mk.VIII (40 mm)}}

The secondary armament of the ''Kelvin'' consists of a quadruple 2-pounder 'pom-pom' mount. This weapon is mounted amidships, behind the funnel, and is primarily an anti-aircraft weapon. However, it can be very deadly against coastal craft due to its high rate-of-fire and relatively potent 40 mm rounds.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="7" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Shell
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| AP-T || 60 || 57 || 48 || 39 || 32 || 26
|-
| HEF || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| AP-T || 701 || 0.91 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| HEF || 701 || 0.82 || 0 || 0.1 || 71 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|Vickers Mk.V (12.7 mm)}}

In addition to the 'pom-pom' mount, the ''Kelvin'' carries two quadruple Vickers .50 cal heavy machine gun turrets. The heavy machine guns have a high rate-of-fire, but a fairly long reload. It is effective against aircraft at close range, as well as against unarmoured coastal attack craft, but is mostly useless against armoured targets or other destroyers.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Mk.IX (533 mm)|Y-gun Mk.VII depth charge}}

The ''Kelvin'' has two quintuple 21-inch torpedo tube mountings located amidships, allowing for a respectable torpedo salvo. Like all British destroyers, however, these mountings have very restricted fields-of-fire, requiring the target to be almost directly abeam of the ship. They also traverse quite slowly and are thus quite risky to use, unless the torpedoes are being fired while out of combat or against unaware opponents.

The 21-inch Mark IX torpedo itself is a rather respectable weapon, with a good range of 9.6 km and a large explosive warhead of 340 kg. It is considerably slower than the American 21-inch Mark 15 and German G7a torpedo, though it has almost double the range and a much larger warhead than the American weapon. This range can be extended further by installing the torpedo mode modification, if necessary.

The Kelvin also has two 'Y-gun' depth charge throwers located behind the aft torpedo tubes. These cannot be aimed, and are thus very rarely useful at all.

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 360° traverse on the B and X turrets.
* Main guns are concentrated forward.
* Large torpedo broadside, with long range, hard-hitting torpedoes.
* Access to HE-VT shells.
* Accurate main guns.
* Above average top speed and mobility.

'''Cons:'''

* Non-existent armour protection.
* Only one funnel.
* Above-waterline ammunition racks.
* Very restricted torpedo tube firing arcs.
* Below average anti-aircraft defences.

== History ==

The K class, HMS ''Kelvin'' (F37) was a British destroyer of the K class, built for the Royal Navy during the Second World War. Designed as a follow-up to the preceding [[J-class (Flotilla leader)|J class]], the ship was designed as a Tribal-class destroyer with more focus on guns and less focus on torpedoes. HMS ''Kelvin'' was laid down in October 1937 and commissioned by November 1939. She saw some service during the Second World War, including the task of transporting British Prime Minister Winston Churchill across the English Channel after the D-Day invasion. HMS ''Kelvin'' survived the war, and was scrapped by 1949.

=== Design ===
The J, K and N class destroyers were a group of three classes of destroyers built as a follow-up to the preceding Tribal class. At that point in time, the British Admiralty experienced a shift in destroyer doctrine which favoured guns over torpedoes - this trend was continued through the war until the introduction of the Battle class. HMS ''Kelvin'' was armed with a main armament of three twin 4.7 inch (119 mm) QF Mark XII dual-purpose main guns, with two fore and one aft. She also carried a secondary armament of a single quad pom-pom anti-aircraft gun, along with two quadruple 12.7 mm anti-aircraft machine guns. HMS ''Kelvin'' did not carry any torpedo tubes, but could carry depth charges for anti-submarine warfare. Powered by steam turbines delivering 44,000 shp, she could make 36 knots (67 km/h).

=== Operational History ===
The HMS ''Kelvin'' was commissioned by November 1939 and entered service with the British Navy in the British 5th Destroyer Flotilla. She would later scuttle the destroyer HMS ''Ivanhoe'' after the latter struck a mine during the Texel disaster. She escorted the battleship HMS ''Revenge'' as she bombarded the port of Cherbourg, and was subsequently reassigned to the British Mediterranean fleet under Admiral James Somerville.

After arriving in the Mediterranean theatre, HMS ''Kelvin''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s first action was to bombard the town of Benghazi with her sister ships ''Kashmir'', ''Kelly, and'' ''Kipling''. She survived this action with little loss of life, but needed repairs and was thus sent all the way to Bombay in India. By March 1942, she had returned to the Mediterranean, and took part in the Second Battle of Sirte, where her convoy was attacked by a formidable Italian force including the battleship ''Littorio''.

Later in 1942, ''Kelvin'' contributed to the sinking of the Italian torpedo boat ''Lupo'', alongside the J-class destroyers ''Jervis'', ''Janus, and'' ''Javelin''. In January 1943, she bombarded the port city of Zuwara which culminated in the Battle off Zuwara, where the destroyers sank an Italian convoy attempting to evacuate from Tripoli. She then left the Mediterranean theatre yet again, to be refitted back in the UK. In June 1944, she transported the British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, along with various other foreign leaders, across the English Channel to inspect the troops that had landed in the D-Day landings. She then returned to the Mediterranean theatre, where she would stay for the rest of the war. HMS ''Kelvin'' survived the war and was broken up for scrap in 1949; she earned eight battle stars for her service during the Second World War.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


=== References ===

* Mason, G. B. (2004). HMS Kelvin, Destroyer. Retrieved January 19, 2021, from <nowiki>https://www.naval-history.net/xGM-Chrono-10DD-39K-HMS_Kelvin.htm</nowiki>
* Helgason, G. (1995). HMS Kelvin (F37). Retrieved January 19, 2021, from <nowiki>https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/4458.html</nowiki>

{{ShipManufacturer Fairfields}}
{{Britain destroyers}}

ORP Garland

2022-10-29T14:18:10Z

U69651212: Grammar edits

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_destroyer_g_garland
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=items_HMS Garland (H37) (Britain)
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} British destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "New Power"]] as a reward for [[Battle Pass: Season I]].

HMS Garland is a British-built G-class destroyer loaned to the Polish Navy in 1940, under the designation of ORP Garland. She operated as part of convoys escort almost the entirety of the Second World War and visited most of the war theatres.

She performs very similar to the playstyle of the sister ship already in the regular tree, the destroyer [[G-class (H89)|(H89) HMS Grafton]]. While, at the same time, having some pros and cons on her own. Such as the increased variety of secondary armaments that reinforces the support role of this class.

Unfortunately, some drawbacks in mobility are present, as well as reductions in the main armament to increase the auxiliary armament.

== General info ==
The Garland (H37) appears more aggressive than the escort destroyers [[Town (L45)]] and the [[Hunt (Family)]], this is thanks to her long and taller hull with a raked type of bow that provides increased sea-worthiness and enhanced cruising speed - at least before armaments refits. The destroyer can be differentiated from the similar [[G-class (H89)]] because of the Polish naval ensign with a horizontal bicoloured red and white, located in the stern of the ship. Another way to differentiate between the two is the Garland's light grey hull painting and the olive-green coloured upper decks. The Grafton's hull will be painted black with maroon red upper decks, though these colour schemes might vary in arctic scenarios. Garland's second funnel top is lower, a stern-located 120 mm cannon and one set of quadruple torpedo tubes is also missing.

Knowing this armament layout and visual differences should help to recognise these destroyers, since the ORP Garland lacks the destroyer vs. destroyer armaments of the HMS Grafton, and HMS Grafton lacks the support armament of the ORP Garland.

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|4.7 inch/45 Mk.XII (120 mm)}}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 1,000 m !! 2,500 m !! 5,000 m !! 7,500 m !! 10,000 m !! 15,000 m
|-
| HE Mk.VIIA || HE || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35
|-
| SAP Mk.VA || SAP || 116 || 92 || 63 || 44 || 33 || 29
|-
| HE-TF Mk.VIIA || HE-TF || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35
|-
| HE-VT Mk.VIIA || HE-VT || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (s)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| HE Mk.VIIA || HE || 808 || 22.68 || 0 || 0.1 || 3,000 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| SAP Mk.VA || SAP || 808 || 22.68 || 0.015 || 5 || 900 || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| HE-TF Mk.VIIA || HE-TF || 808 || 22.68 || 0 || 0.1 || 3,000 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="12" | Proximity-fused shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Arming distance (m)
! rowspan="2" | Trigger radius (m)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| HE-VT Mk.VIIA || HE-VT || 808 || 22.68 || 0 || 0.1 || 244 || 23 || 3,000 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|OQF 3in 20cwt (76 mm)}}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 100 m !! 1,000 m !! 2,000 m !! 3,000 m !! 4,000 m !! 5,000 m
|-
| 76 mm HE shell || HE || 6 || 6 || 6 || 6 || 6 || 6
|-
| 76 mm Mk.I shrapnel || Shrapnel || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 76 mm HE shell || HE || 762 || 7.26 || 0 || 0.1 || 320 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 76 mm Mk.I shrapnel || Shrapnel || 617 || 7.94 || 0 || 0.1 || 180 || 62° || 69° || 73°
|}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Mk.IX (533 mm)|Y-gun Mk.VII depth charge}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===
'''Pros:'''

* Large medium to short range anti-air firepower
* Dual-purpose main calibre guns, also with readiness of SAP rounds
* 8 x long-range torpedoes

'''Cons:'''

* Limited firepower with only 3 main calibre guns
* Inadequate crew size: out-classed when duelling late rank I and rank II destroyers
* Top speed is more similar to escort destroyers than combat-capable Fleet destroyers.

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable)''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_destroyer_g_garland Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="200">
File:Garland Devblog Image 001.jpg|Garland devblog image
</gallery>

== See also ==

''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{ShipManufacturer Fairfields}}
{{Britain destroyers}}
{{Britain premium ships}}

HMS Jervis

2022-10-29T14:17:31Z

U69651212: Grammar edits

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_destroyer_j_class
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} British destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "New Power"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

In real life, HMS Jervis is famous for not suffering any crew loss during her extensive career in World War II, despite occasionally taking serious battle damage. However, the "Lucky J" does not have her immense luck to save her crew from incoming fire in the game.

The Jervis' protection is practically nonexistent. She has only 3.2 mm of casemate armour to protect her main guns, and her Oerlikon autocannon mounts ironically have thicker (but still bad) gun shields of 12.7 mm in thickness. Simply put, the Jervis will take full damage from any of the large cannon calibres, and even small autocannons can pose a threat to her survival.

To make matters worse, almost every vital part of the Jervis is exposed to enemy fire to an extent, her engines, and transmissions are sitting above the waterline with no fuel tanks to absorb incoming shots, and are thus easy to knock out. Her ready ammo racks are fatal weak spots, as they are placed just nearby the main turrets. Any HE shells that would detonate around her turrets will most likely detonate them, causing severe damage to the ship.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

Being a destroyer with relatively low displacement, the Jervis is very fast and manoeuvrable. Due to her very poor protection, using her mobility is a key to survive.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|4.7 inch/45 Mk.XII (120 mm)}}

The Jervis is equipped with six 120 mm 4.7 inch/45 Mk.XII cannons, mounted in three twin turrets in A-Bs-X setup. These guns have very good traverse speed, and the placement of the turrets allow the B and X turrets to completely turn around, which will come in handy when using it with quick turning to avoid incoming shots.

The 120 mm guns have a short reload time of 5 seconds (ace crew) and feature four types of ammunition; HE, SAP, HE-TF, and HE-VT. The HE shell is reliable against destroyers and some light cruisers, while the SAP shell is only useful for dealing internal damage at close range due to poor penetration. As the turrets have fast traverse speed and good coverage, the anti-air shells will be useful for engaging enemy planes at range if you wish to.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 1,000 m !! 2,500 m !! 5,000 m !! 7,500 m !! 10,000 m !! 15,000 m
|-
| HE Mk.VIIA || HE || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35
|-
| SAP Mk.VA || SAP || 116 || 92 || 63 || 44 || 33 || 29
|-
| HE-TF Mk.VIIA || HE-TF || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35
|-
| HE-VT Mk.VIIA || HE-VT || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (s)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| HE Mk.VIIA || HE || 808 || 22.68 || 0 || 0.1 || 3,000 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| SAP Mk.VA || SAP || 808 || 22.68 || 0.015 || 5 || 900 || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| HE-TF Mk.VIIA || HE-TF || 808 || 22.68 || 0 || 0.1 || 3,000 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="12" | Proximity-fused shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Arming distance (m)
! rowspan="2" | Trigger radius (m)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| HE-VT Mk.VIIA || HE-VT || 808 || 22.68 || 0 || 0.1 || 244 || 23 || 3,000 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|2pdr QF Mk.IIc (40 mm)}}

The Jervis is outfitted with four 40 mm Pom-pom autocannons in a single quadruple turret as a secondary armament. The turret is located at the midship section, just behind the funnel. The turret can fully rotate but is unable to fire directly at the front and the rear, thus limiting its usage to enemies coming from above or the broadsides of the ship. While the placement of the Pom-pom turret restricts its usage, it can be very deadly against any boats or aircraft within its range.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="7" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Shell
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| AP-T || 60 || 57 || 48 || 39 || 32 || 26
|-
| HEF || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| AP-T || 701 || 0.91 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| HEF || 701 || 0.82 || 0 || 0.1 || 71 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mark V (20 mm)}}

For dedicated anti-air defence, the Jervis features ten 20 mm Oerlikon autocannons, with two pairs of dual-mounted Mk V on the bridge and between torpedo launchers and another pair of single-mounted Mk II at the stern. The placement of the guns provides wide coverage against surface and aerial threats, though it is always recommended to man the guns yourself if the enemy gets too close.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Mk.IX** (533 mm)}}

The Jervis is loaded with 9 x 533 mm Mk.IX** torpedoes. These torpedoes have 587.2 kg of TNT explosive as the warhead, which is noticeably more powerful than the variants found on British cruisers, and is enough to tackle all targets the Jervis will face. The torpedoes also have a decent top speed of 76 km/h without modification. As the torpedoes have a maximum range of 10 km which is within the range that the Jervis will usually engage, and the torpedo mode modification only adds 3.7 km of extra range, it is advised to uninstall these modifications to increase the torpedo's effectiveness.

== Usage in battles ==


The Jervis is essentially a glass cannon that is good at delivering damage, but bad at taking it. Due to her abysmal protection, rushing into the enemy or trading shots with them is essentially a suicide, as most of your critical modules can be quickly taken out before you can take your enemy down. Instead, play as a support ship and stay behind your allies, your guns, and torpedoes are a great asset for taking down destroyers and harassing enemy cruisers, and your anti-air defence will keep any of the inbound aircraft or PT boats at bay. With HMS Jervis, you shouldn't travel in a straight line for too long as the enemy will target you, instead using your good mobility and turret traverse speed to avoid incoming fire and do a quick snapshot of them.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fast-firing 120 mm cannons with very good coverage
* Good turret traverse speed, the B and X turrets are fully traversable
* Very fast and manoeuvrable
* Good anti-air armament
* Powerful torpedoes with decent range

'''Cons:'''

* Extremely poor protection
* All the internal modules can be easily damaged
* Very low crew count
* Turrets are easy to knock out
* Ready ammo racks is exposed to enemy fire and can be detonated

== History ==

HMS Jervis, J-class Flotilla Leader, was a destroyer of the J class. Commissioned just before the outbreak of war, Jervis saw extensive service in the Mediterranean and Atlantic theatres. She participated in multiple major engagements in the Mediterranean, and later participated in the D-Day landings of 1944. Jervis was retired at the end of the war, and later scrapped. She was highly decorated and received 13 battle honours for her service in the Second World War. Jervis also gained a reputation for being extremely lucky, as she never lost a single crew member during her 5 and a half years of service.<ref name=":0">D-Day Encyclopedia. (2020)</ref><ref name=":1">Smith, G. (2004)</ref>

=== Design and Development ===
[[File:HMS Jervis on sea trials.jpg|thumb|HMS Jervis on sea trials, early 1939.]]
The Jervis, as a member of the J class, was designed as a smaller follow-up to the preceding [[Tribal (Family)|Tribal-class]] destroyers. Being smaller, the J class had a stronger balance between guns and torpedo armament, compared to the "gunship-style" Tribal-class destroyers. Jervis, in particular, was fitted with additional command space to accommodate the Flotilla commander. Jervis displaced 2600 tons, and was capable of 36 knots (66 km/h).<ref name=":0" /> Her main armament consisted of six 4.7-inch (120 mm) guns in three dual turrets, two mounted at the bow and one at the stern.<ref name=":0" /> She also carried numerous anti-aircraft defences as well as eight 533 mm torpedo tubes in two quad-mounts.<ref name=":0" />

Jervis was laid down in mid-1937 and was launched in September 1938. She was completed and commissioned in May 1939, just months before the outbreak of the Second World War.

=== Service history ===
Following her completion and commissioning, the Jervis served as the flagship of the 7th Destroyer fleet. She first served as a patrol vessel in the North Sea, hunting for axis blockade runners; however, she collided with a freighter in March 1940 and was dry docked for repairs.<ref name=":1" /> Once the repairs were completed, she was assigned to the Mediterranean squadron, where she saw extensive service. She escorted convoys to Malta, participated in shore bombardment missions, and provided screening services to the British Mediterranean fleet.<ref name=":1" />

In 1941, Jervis served in the Battle of Cape Matapan, where she sank the crippled Italian cruiser [[Zara]] and boarded Zara's sister ship Pola. She later participated in the battles of Crete and Sirte, where she managed to survive undamaged despite heavy allied losses.<ref name=":1" /> Later on, she was immobilized for six weeks by an Italian manned torpedo.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

In 1944, Jervis was reassigned to the British Atlantic fleet, and provided fire support for the forces landing at Gold Beach for the D-Day landings. She was thereafter decommissioned for a refit, which gave her additional anti-aircraft protection.<ref name=":1" /> She returned to the Mediterranean after her recommissioning, and served as a patrol ship as World War II drew to a close. Following the end of the war, she was laid up in reserve and used by the cadets as a training ship. After being used for explosive tests, Jervis was given to the ship-breakers for scrap.<ref name=":1" />

HMS Jervis is known as an extremely lucky ship: despite being active for almost the entirety of the war and having served in 13 major naval engagements, she never lost a single crew member.<ref name=":0" /> In fact, she was one of just two J-class ships to survive the war. She received 13 battle honours for her service during the Second World War, making her one of the most highly decorated British warships in modern history.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_destroyer_j_class Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==

''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


=== References ===

;Citations
<references />

;Bibliography

* D-Day Encyclopedia. (2020). HMS Jervis - F00 - D-Day. Retrieved November 28, 2020, from <nowiki>https://www.dday-overlord.com/en/material/warships/hms-jervis</nowiki>
* Smith, G. (2004). HMS Jervis, Destroyer. Retrieved November 28, 2020, from <nowiki>http://www.naval-history.net/xGM-Chrono-10DD-36J-JervisJERVIS%201a.htm</nowiki>

{{ShipManufacturer R. and W. Hawthorn, Leslie and Company}}
{{Britain destroyers}}
{{Britain premium ships}}

HMS Montgomery

2022-10-29T14:15:16Z

U69651212: Grammar edits

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_destroyer_clemson_montgomery_g95
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} British destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "New Power"]].

HMS Montgomery, pennant number G95, part of the Town class is a destroyer provided to the Royal Navy by the United States Navy, during the early stages of the Second World War. Originally known as USS Wickes (DD-75), as the lead ship of the Wickes class.

Despite her resemblance with [[HMS Churchill]], the Montgomery is moderately more self-sufficient in combat against other reserve destroyers, thanks to the preservation of 3 high-calibre guns. Though, unfortunately, this comes as a trade-off for the support armament of HMS Churchill. Other than these slight main armament changes, the Montgomery retains the same problematic aspects like modest crew count, low top speed and insufficient variety of secondary armaments. Therefore, players should decide whether this support/combat destroyer gameplay is more appealing than the escort role of the Churchill.

Unquestionably, Montgomery's premium status and decent combat characteristics ensure an effective way to research the early British Bluewater fleet, but if a player is more inclined to firepower than versatility, then consider purchasing [[HMS Verdun]] instead.

== General info ==
[[File:Montgomery's bow.png|thumb|HMS Montgomery's plumb bow]]
With a large black-coloured G95 pennant number painted towards the bow and various green tones with white highlights along a dark green upper deck, she can be distinguished from the HMS Churchill and the other United States' Clemson class destroyers.

Some distinguishing traits are the low freeboard distance on the stern and four funnels placed at the same height close to each other, with the pairs only divided by a superstructure aft wards of the bridge; this superstructure also settles two of the 102 mm guns.

Although being less combat-worthy than other destroyers, the Montgomery's armament of three 102 mm cannons was conserved for surface defence and convoy support; especially to defend from raiding submarines and German S-boots. Not exactly meant to fight alone against dedicated combat destroyers.

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|4 in QF Mark V (102 mm)}}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 1,000 m !! 2,500 m !! 5,000 m !! 7,500 m !! 10,000 m !! 15,000 m
|-
| 4 inch HE || HE || 11 || 11 || 11 || 11 || 11 || 11
|-
| 4 inch SAP || SAP || 90 || 72 || 51 || 37 || 28 || 24
|-
| 102 mm shrapnel || Shrapnel || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (s)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 4 inch HE || HE || 805 || 14.06 || 0 || 0.1 || 721 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 4 inch SAP || SAP || 805 || 15.2 || 0.015 || 5 || 520 || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| 102 mm shrapnel || Shrapnel || 805 || 17.7 || 0 || 0.1 || 218 || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
|}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|3 inch naval AA Mk.V (76 mm)}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 1,000 m !! 2,500 m !! 5,000 m !! 7,500 m !! 10,000 m !! 15,000 m
|-
| HC Mk.27 || HE || 8 || 8 || 8 || 8 || 8 || 8
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (s)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| HC Mk.27 || HE || 823 || 5.9 || 0 || 0.1 || 500 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|AN-M2 (12.7 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Mk.V (533 mm)|Mk.10 Hedgehog mortar|Mk.6 mortar depth charge}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* The Montgomery has three 4-inch guns
* Numerous anti-submarine warfare (ASW) equipment
* Premium bonuses
* Thin hull and manoeuvrable, a menace for coastal areas
* Multipurpose shells: Shrapnel can be used as aircraft a deterrent

'''Cons:'''

* Insufficient dedicated anti-air armament
* Very limited amount of torpedoes
* Poor top speed, unable to keep up with most Rank II destroyers
* Unreliable crew count, won't be able to endure prolonged duels

== History ==

HMS Montgomery (G95), formerly USS Wickes (DD-75), was the lead ship of the Wickes class of destroyers built for the American navy at the end of the First World War, and later transferred to the Royal Navy. Designed as the second-last American “flush-decker” destroyers (the Clemson class were the last), Wickes was built shortly before the end of the First World War and saw extensive service with the USN during the interwar years. Under the “destroyers for bases” deal, Wickes was transferred to the Royal Navy who renamed her Montgomery. She served during the Second World War before being finally retired and scrapped in 1945.

=== Design and development ===
The Wickes class consisted of 111 destroyers built for the United States Navy (USN) at the end of the First World War. Designed as a follow-up to the previous Caldwell class, the ships were the second class of “flush-decker” destroyers, in that their main deck was level throughout the entire ship. The following Clemson class had an even larger production run, with 156 vessels built, and would not be surpassed until the 175-ship Fletcher class was built during World War II. The lead ship of this class, USS Wickes, was laid down in June 1917 at Bath Iron Works in Maine, and eventually commissioned in June 1918.

Wickes displaced 1247 tons and had a crew complement of 100 officers and men. Her main armament consisted of four 4-inch (100 mm) guns in single mounts, with one at the front, two on side sponsons and one aft. She also carried two 37 mm 1-pounder anti-aircraft guns. Finally, Wickes carried twelve 21-inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes in four triple mounts, with six being able to fire to each side. Powered by geared turbines, the ship was capable of 35 knots (65 km/h).

=== Operational history ===
After her commissioning, USS Wickes began her short service of the First World War as an escort ship, escorting a convoy towards the British isles. However, her crewmembers were soon hit with the Spanish Flu, and 30 were hospitalized ashore. She later collided with an unidentified ship and took damage, and was receiving repairs when the armistice was signed to end the First World War. Wickes subsequently served as an escort ship as president Woodrow Wilson travelled to Europe to sign the surrender treaties.

After the cessation of hostilities, Wickes was sent to the Pacific through the Panama Canal. Later on in 1919, she was captained by Commander William F. Halsey, who would later become one of the most famous and tactically-brilliant commanders in the Pacific war. With the decreased military expenditures of the post-war situation, Wickes was decommissioned in 1922 and laid up in reserve.

In 1930, Wickes was recommissioned, this time in the Atlantic fleet. She participated in fleet training exercises for the large part of the interwar period, including neutrality patrols after the outbreak of war in Europe. She visited numerous Caribbean ports during this time, and exercised with other American fleet units such as the battleships New York, Texas, and Arkansas.

In 1940, the British signed an agreement with the United States to exchange 50 over-age destroyers for 99-year leases on British overseas ports. Thus, the Wickes was one of the 50 ships transferred, renamed HMS Montgomery (G95). Montgomery had three of her four 100 mm guns removed, and received a heavy anti-submarine armament to make her more effective in the convoy escort role. During the war, she spent most of her time escorting convoys between the British Isles and North America. In 1944, the veteran flush-decker was retired, to be scrapped in 1945, after almost twenty years of active service.

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Clemson (Family)]]

;Shared operational history

* [[HMS Churchill]]

;Analogues of other nations

* [[Leopard]] (Germany)
* [[Frunze]] (USRR)
* [[IJN Mutsuki]] (Japan)
* [[RN Turbine]] (Italy)

== External links ==


=== References ===

* Helgason, G. (1995). USS Wickes. Retrieved January 26, 2021, from <nowiki>https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/2227.html</nowiki>
* Helgason, G. (1995). HMS Montgomery. Retrieved January 26, 2021, from <nowiki>https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/4299.html</nowiki>

{{ShipManufacturer Bath Iron Works}}
{{Britain destroyers}}
{{Britain premium ships}}

HMS Vega

2022-10-29T14:14:16Z

U69651212: Grammar edits

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_destroyer_v_class_vega
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Direct Hit"]] as a replacement for the [[HMS Churchill]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

The Vega lacks survivability, but not necessarily to a crippling degree. There is no additional armour beyond the structural steel used in the Vega, and any ammunition can penetrate the Vega. This is a vulnerability shared by all destroyers, save for some American destroyers with minor anti-fragmentation hull armour. This flaw applies to all external components of the Vega as well, so primary weaponry and anti-aircraft mounts will be disabled frequently, even by machine gun fire. In addition to this, the size and crew count of the Vega is quite small, so the Vega will be destroyed quite easily.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

Both the top speed and manoeuvrability are good on the Vega; the small size of the ship allows for very tight turning circles and effective evasive manoeuvres. Mobility is a significant advantage of the Vega and should be used to both obtain and hold strategic positions and outmanoeuvre enemy fire.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|4 inch/45 Mark XVI (102 mm)}}

Two twin 4"/45 Mark XVI turrets provide the primary armament of the Vega, and they are powerful compared to other destroyers at a similar BR range. The rate of fire on these turrets is unparalleled among the starter destroyers of any nation, with 20 rounds per minute nearly doubling the other nation's rates of fire. The ammunition fired is also competitive among the starter destroyers, with the 4" shells of the Vega being more powerful than both the American and Soviet 4" shells. The German 12.7 cm, the Japanese 120 mm, and the Italian 120 mm are more destructive shell-for-shell than the smaller 4"/45 Mark XVI, but the Vega still maintains the significant rate of fire advantage over those guns.

Also notable is the very good front firing angles of the guns. Both turrets are fully traversable around 360°, and the rear turret has no obstructions near it, so it only has a very small blind area at the very front of the ship. Even a slight angling of the Vega will allow 100% of the ship's main armament to be brought upon a target. In addition to this, the turrets have a very good maximum elevation of 80°, allowing for potential combating of air targets. However, the turrets on the Vega do suffer from some significant weaknesses; the rotation speed is painfully slow, even with the appropriate Primary Armament Targeting modification researched. Moreover, the guns are elevated so close range combat with costal vessels can potentially be impaired by a lack of gun depression. These issues are particularly impactful at the BR of the Vega due to the prevalence of fast and nimble vessels.

The twin 4"/45 Mark XVI turrets on the Vega have access to HE, SAP, HE-TF, and HE-VT shells. The HE shells can be used to target coastal vessels and destroyers to an extent, but internal damage and turret damage is limited by a relatively small explosive mass of 1.55 kg of TNT. More recommendable in destroyer-to-destroyer combat is the SAP shell, capable of penetrating enemy armour and exploding internally to disable engines, detonate ammo racks, and more quickly reduce enemy crew counts. SAP, in conjunction with the high rate of fire, is competent against coastal vessels as well, although the hull-break provided by HE ammunition is more reliable. HE-TF and HE-VT are valid choices for combating air targets, with the high elevation of the guns, and HE-VT is more reliable than the HE-TF if given a choice between the two.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 1,000 m !! 2,500 m !! 5,000 m !! 7,500 m !! 10,000 m !! 15,000 m
|-
| 4 inch HE || HE || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20
|-
| 4 inch SAP || SAP || 102 || 85 || 64 || 48 || 38 || 30
|-
| 4 inch HE-TF || HE-TF || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20
|-
| 4 inch HE-VT || HE-VT || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (s)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 4 inch HE || HE || 811 || 15.88 || 0 || 0.1 || 1,550 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 4 inch SAP || SAP || 811 || 17.35 || 0.015 || 5 || 600 || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| 4 inch HE-TF || HE-TF || 811 || 15.88 || 0 || 0.1 || 1,550 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="12" | Proximity-fused shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Arming distance (m)
! rowspan="2" | Trigger radius (m)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 4 inch HE-VT || HE-VT || 811 || 15.88 || 0 || 0.1 || 274 || 18 || 1,550 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)}}

Four single-mount 20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II autocannons make up the secondary armament of the Vega. These are good at combating air targets and costal vessels due to their high rate of fire and adequate overall damage output. These guns are only limited by the rather small number of them available on the Vega, and thus can't be completely relied upon as a complete defence against fast targets.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="7" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| HEF-T || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2
|-
| AP-T || 34 || 32 || 24 || 17 || 12 || 8
|-
| HEF-I || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="9" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| HEF-T || 830 || 0.12 || 0 || 0.1 || 6.57 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| AP-T || 830 || 0.12 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| HEF-I || 830 || 0.12 || 0 || 0.1 || 11.17 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Y-gun Mk.VII depth charge}}

The Vega does not have access to torpedoes, and can only equip depth charges. The depth charges have an explosive mass of 130 kg of TNT and are effective at delivering close range damage, although the range of these significantly limit their impact on larger battles.

== Usage in battles ==

The Vega is a unique starter destroyer, completely focused on gunnery and lacking any torpedo armament. Close range combat is dangerous for the Vega, as other ships with torpedoes may easily dispatch the Vega, or fast enemies could outrun the very slow rotation rate of the Vega's turrets. It's therefore more recommendable to favour mid-range engagements, where the superb gunnery and great manoeuvrability of the Vega can shine. The high rate of fire and adequate explosive filler of the 4" guns will make targeting evasive coastal vessels and destroyer components much easier than any other destroyer at the Vega's battle rating.

Attacking the enemy head-on might be a good idea, as you can fire both your guns at the target while turning only about ten degrees to a side. Rapidly switch sides to disrupt the enemy's aim, and keep firing with both cannons. Load the SAP shell and aim for their engines or ammunition racks. Never let torpedo boats get close. Your poor traverse will make aiming at them near impossible. Try opening fire at any you see from afar, fast reload rates will make that job easier. Taking sharp turns will tilt your ship, making aiming guns, which have nearly no depression, difficult.

=== Pros and cons ===
'''Pros:'''

* Fantastic rate of fire with effective shell choice
* Nearly perfect firing angles for both turrets
* Dual-purpose main armament capable of targeting planes
* Very manoeuvrable

'''Cons:'''

* No torpedoes
* Poor survivability
* Very poor turret rotation

== History ==

The V-class of destroyers were built and initially deployed during the First World War, and were some of the most advanced vessels of their type. Notable improvements in engine technology allowed for more efficient engines to be fit in smaller spaces, and resulted in a more compact and powerful destroyers. The Vega was part of the Admiralty V subclass, which were intended to combat newly designed German destroyers. The V-class destroyers also served in WW2, after refits, as escorts. The Vega specifically underwent the WAIR refit, which focused more on anti-aircraft capability.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_destroyer_v_class_vega Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==

''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{ShipManufacturer William Doxford and Sons}}
{{Britain destroyers}}

SKR-7

2022-10-28T16:18:44Z

U69651212: Grammar changes

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_skr_pr35
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a squadron rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet frigate {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.89 "Imperial Navy"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

Being a light anti-submarine frigate, the Pr. 35 Mirka-class has very little substantial armour, with just 5 mm turret armour and the 15 mm splash guard for the forward turret. While these may minimize damage caused by small calibre HE rounds and splash damage from other areas being hit, they will not protect the turrets from direct fire starting at even the size of 12.7 mm machine guns. General survivability is not much better, as the primary armament is limited to two large turrets. Losing turrets is common on the Mirka and will result in your fire being halved at the least. Furthermore, the low crew count of 98 means that a very low damage threshold can be sustained on major components before the ship is destroyed. Thankfully, the Mirka has a few aces up its sleeve to counteract these issues. To begin with, the crew are very spaced out in the ship, meaning that you will most likely survive the first few salvoes. Secondly, because the hull has such a low freeboard for the majority of the ship, most of the machinery and ammunition is protected by the sea.

Overall, the ship's survivability is below average, with its low crew and few turrets being the brunt of the issue.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

Mobility is a very strong suit of the ship. Starting at 57 km/h stock, the ship lags behind destroyers and most cruisers, and cannot hold a candle to the late-game MTBs that it might face. However, of the Corvette/Frigate class, the Pr. 35 has a distinct advantage, often holding a 10 km/h advantage or more over other ships of its size. These are rarely faced, however, and as such, it cannot be expected that you will ever be leading the charge in matches. The turn radius of the ship is reasonable, however, the initial snap can be very deceiving when initiating a turn. One major issue when manoeuvring the Mirka is the existence of the hull-mounted Sonar system. This dips far below the keel of the hull and can frequently be caught on rocks. Special attention must be given when manoeuvring around shoals and beaches where the Sonar might holdfast.

{{NavalMobility
|SpeedForwardStockAB = 65
|SpeedBackStockAB = 36
|SpeedForwardStockRB = 54
|SpeedBackStockRB = 30
}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|AK-726 (76 mm)}}

The primary armament of the Pr. 35 is where the ship shines. It is armed with a pair of AK-726 76 mm semi-automatic gun turrets. Each of these turrets contains two guns, firing a total of 90 rounds per minute. This rate of fire allows for the ship to dismantle any opponent vessel in seconds, from MTBs all the way up to destroyer leaders and light cruisers. These guns have very nice post-penetration effects on targets lacking armour and can be extremely dangerous should you sneak up on someone. This rate of fire comes at a price, however, and that price is two-fold. Firstly, the guns overheat quickly, barrages tend to be limited, and the guns must be watched for overheat. Secondly, the shells have a relatively short range and their effectiveness drops off quickly beyond 5 km when shells begin to miss and fire arcs become too great to regularly hit the target.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|SET-40 (400 mm)|RBU-6000}}

The Pr. 35 "Mirka" is armed with a single quintuple 406 mm torpedo launcher armed with the SET-40 lightweight anti-submarine torpedo. The launcher has very good launch angles and five torpedoes are quite reasonable however that is where the praise ends. The torpedoes have only one operational setting, with no option for upgrades and are slow. At 54 km/h a cruiser with keen eyes can outrun these torpedoes and with 8-kilometre range, they are not going to reach much past the effective range of your turrets. Worse still the torpedoes have a meek 80 kg warhead, which will not destroy ships larger than a corvette in one hit. These torpedoes have limited use in surprising unsuspecting captains should you face something armoured such as a heavy cruiser, and can be used should the main battery fall silent, however, they are unlikely to destroy anything without multiple hits and must be used at a range where they cannot be avoided easily.

The Mirka rounds off the armament with four RBU-6000 anti-submarine rocket launchers, each carrying 12 rockets to total 48. As being rockets they have a limited effective engagement range, high arcs of fire and are very hard to aim in conjunction with primary weapons, however should a small boat decide to get too close or should you decide to engage a target at point-blank range, the barrage of 25 kg warheads smashing into the superstructure and hull of the hostile ship will almost certainly cripple it, if not outright sink it.

=== Radar ===
The Pr. 35 has access to search and targeting radar for the [[AK-726 (76 mm)|AK-726]] 76 mm semi-automatic gun turrets, making anti-air capabilities much more advanced than most of the ships it will face at its br. It is equipped with an MR-302 Rubka air/surface search radar and an MR-105 Turel fire control radar, both available in most of the cold war soviet anti submarine frigates. The MR-302 is located on top of the main mast with two Don navigation radar right below it located at port and starboard from the mast. MR-105 is located on top of the bridge (refer to picture). Enemy pilots do not account the existence of this radars as they are uncommon in game, use surprise to your advantage. Targeting radar makes engaging enemy planes an easier task with standard HE ammo. When using HE-VT, AA engagements will be finished in couple seconds. Be aware of the distance as in engagements with planes in distances smaller than 1km, weapons tend to overshoot even when following target indicator. Engage air targets as soon as you see them in a relatively close distance (2-10 km). Proximity shells will make this task easier.
[[File:Radars Pr. 35.png|thumb|300px|Red circle: MR-302 Rubka air/surface search radar Blue circle: MR-102 Turel fire control radar]]
[[File:Radar interface Pr. 35.png|right|thumb|Mirka's radar display. Dark green: within targeting radar angle Light green: targeting radar dead zone]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | MR-302 Rubka - Air/surface Search Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Detection Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Guaranteed Detection Range|The range, below which, detection of a target is practically guaranteed}}
! {{Annotation|Max Azimuth Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Max Elevation Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
|-
| 120,000 || 10,000 m || ±180° || 0°/+75°
|-
! colspan="4" | MR-105 Turel - Fire Control Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
|-
| 10,000 m || 100 m || ±155° || 0°/+80°
|-
|}

Note:

* Targeting radar can work with search radar down or by locking on target when an aircraft is not shown on radar display.

== Usage in battles ==

The Mirka excels in close-quarter brawling with anything its shells can penetrate, especially in dispatching torpedo boats and early destroyers. This vehicle is heavily reliant on both map and BR; it will crush 3.7 and below within seconds, but against ships of 4.7 and above will struggle heavily even within its gun range. It is best not to spawn this vehicle on maps consisting of the open ocean unless you are left with no choice; due to its limited range the Mirka needs to exploit cover in order to close the gap without being targeted by guns with over twice the range. Critically, captains should avoid the wide-open ocean, as they will draw fire from targets that they cannot engage themselves. Because the guns only fire HE, captains of the Mirka should avoid engaging cruisers, as they may find penetrating and damaging the components of cruisers difficult even in close quarters.
[[File:Pr. 35 engaging an aerial target.png|right|thumb|300px|Pr. 35 engaging an air target]]
Captains of the Mirka should attempt to close the distance on any target and engage with their guns within 5 km for maximum effectiveness, reserving torpedoes and rockets for extreme close quarters or emergencies. Prior to unlocking HE-VT, Mirka lacks in anti air capabilities but thanks to targeting radar, Mirka can engage targets with relative ease. The HE-VT once unlocked should be the primary armament, due to a slightly greater explosive mass and better effectiveness against planes. The rocket launcher has no anti-submarine use in game but provides an instant knock-out when fired at a small vessel, it can also be used as rudimentary artillery to fire above obstacles due to the flying arc. They can be used to engage targets at distance but the recommended engagement distance should be at 3km, this is to compensate travelling speed. Torpedoes, while limited firing arc, are your main weapon against heavily armoured vessels like [[HMS Belfast]], two of them will disable the cruiser. Rockets can also be used against them since, thanks to the high explosive power, they can lit on fire all cruisers when fired at engine compartment. They will also cripple or destroy main weaponry that the 76 mm cannons may not penetrate.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Extremely high fire rate
* Good gun handling
* Small target to engage
* Decent manoeuvrability
* Main armament capable of engaging both surface and air targets
* Can use powerful RBU rocket launcher
* Rockets from fly faster than those equipped by Pr.159, so hitting target is easier

'''Cons:'''

* Guns overheat quickly, and accuracy suffers massively as a result
* Torpedoes are next to useless
* Poor survivability
* Two gun turrets are easily knocked out
* No passive anti-air armament
* Shells have a maximum range of around 6.5 km
* Massive air intakes on rear end of the ship causes blind angle for rear turret
* Has less rockets than Pr.159

== History ==


The Pr. 35, or Mirka-class, was a class of light anti-submarine frigates that were built in the mid 1960s for the Soviet Navy. They were the successor to the Petya-class (Pr. 159) light frigates. The role of this ship was the same as the Petya-class, Anti Submarine Warfare and patrol in shallow waters. It featured the exact same firepower but had a change in ASW armament, like the addition of a towed sonar, and the addition of two new gas turbines.18 Mirka-class frigates were built by Yantar shipyard in Kaliningrad, between 1964 and 1966. All ships were decommissioned between 1989 and 1992. One ship is known to have rammed the USS Caron, a US Spruance-class destroyer, in the Black Sea, on February 12th, 1988. Mirka was not exported to Vietnam, India and Syria unlike the Petya.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_skr_pr35 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|qoZv-sA80aI|'''Squadron Vehicles''' discusses the Pr. 35 at 01:21 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[Wikipedia:Mirka-class_frigate|[Wikipedia] Mirka-class frigate]]

{{ShipManufacturer Yantar Baltic Shipyard}}
{{USSR frigates}}
{{Squadron ships}}

Pr. 206

2022-10-28T16:17:34Z

U69651212: Grammar changes

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_pr_206
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet motor torpedo gun boat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] when the Soviet fleet was implemented into the game.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

The Pr. 206 has an inexistent armour which barely stops .50 cal. Crew count is not great as well as spacing. Overall, the survivability is really limited and lacklustre. However, the best survivability technique is to not even be fired at. Thanks to the ship's profile, it is able to perform agile manoeuvres and hide in places in which not every ship would look at, specially big ships like destroyers. A single salvo from a destroyer is more than enough to completely destroy the Pr. 206 so do not rely on the armour.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

Overall, the Pr. 206, while being a heavy patrol boat, has decent speed as well as decent agility. While it is not able to perform like other smaller patrol boats, it is able to perform better than any bigger ship, even the coastal frigates and fast attack crafts.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|AK-230 (30 mm)}}

The Pr. 206 is armed with 2 double-barrel turrets, the AK-230. These weapons have their pros and cons when it comes to facing ships and aircraft. While it is not able to destroy heavily armoured targets, it is able to decimate aircraft and lightly armoured targets within seconds not because of the rate of fire but because of rounds per minute. Due to having quadruple AK-230's, while having less rate of fire compared to the AK-630 (rate of fire is similar to the [[Falcon]] SPAA), it has an RPM of 2,400. Sadly, the only ammunition available is an HE-AP belt with an incendiary variant. As it only has a single AP round every 3 HE rounds, killing armoured targets will be tricky, but this is somewhat compensated by the RPM. The tremendous rotation speed (30°/s) make the turrets able to engage multiple targets one after each other with high speeds, they are also able to track and follow up even the fastest planes.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|53-56 (533 mm)|BB-1 depth charge}}

The Pr. 206 is armed with 4 single-tube torpedo launchers. These are your main weapon against heavily armoured threats or when doing sneak attacks at distance. They have a max range of 8 km (13 km with torpedo mode) and can be used at almost point-blank, the torpedo must travel 50 m at minimum to be armed (most of the time "point-blank" engagements will be between 100-500 m). Depending on the map, game mode and captain's discretion, torpedo depth can be adjusted in order to achieve multiple tasks. However, the launchers are fixed to the hull, meaning the hull has to be turned in order to launch the torpedoes.

'''1-meter depth''' - This is the most universal depth used for all types of engagements, being in deep water or at shallow waters. This depth is capable of hitting all sorts of vessels, including PT boats. The main downside is that enemy ships can see the water trail made by the torpedo, which can make enemy vessels evade or fire at the torpedo.

'''4-meter depth''' - This is the recommended depth when on deep water trying to do long range sneaky engagements to big ships (most of them have bulkheads more than 4 m under the waterline). This is one of the riskier techniques as there is no way to launch them on shallow waters (most shallow water maps have water depth of 2-3 m). Only the captain and the team will be able to see the torpedo symbol while traveling close to them, and it will not leave any visible water trail compared to the 1-meter depth torpedo.

The Pr. 206 has access to BB-1 depth charges, but these are useless in the current state of the game.

=== Radar ===
[[File:Pr. 206 radars.png|thumb|Red: MR-102 search radarBlue: MR-104 fire control radar ]]
The Pr. 206 has access to the MR-102 air/surface search radar and MR-104 fire control radar (FCR). The MR-102 is located on top of the main mast. MR-104 are located at the back of the ship on top of the superstructure behind the main mast. Enemy pilots are often unaware of the presence of the radar as they are uncommon in-game, use surprise to your advantage. Radars can give you a huge advantage with situational awareness, as no plane will be able to catch you unsuspected. Be aware of radar interference (mountains, trees, tall structures in general) as they will affect both your search and tracking radar. There are blind spots with the radars which pilots can exploit, but most of them will not do so as radars are uncommon in battles. As previously stated, tracking radar can be used to manually engage targets. It is recommended to use tracking radar when engaging immediate threats and air targets in general, as it has no access to gunners.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" |MR-102 Baklan - Air/surface Search Radar
|-
!{{Annotation|Maximum Detection Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}
!{{Annotation|Guaranteed Detection Range|The range, below which, detection of a target is practically guaranteed}}
!{{Annotation|Max Azimuth Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
!{{Annotation|Max Elevation Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
|-
|50,000 m||10,000 m||±180°||0°/+75°
|-
! colspan="4" |MR-104 Rys - Fire Control Radar
|-
!{{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
!{{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
!{{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
!{{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
|-
|10,000 m||100 m||±155°||0°/+80°
|}

== Usage in battles ==

As a patrol boat with heavy firepower, it is able to dominate the steep waters of any match, not only because of the RPM but also because of the radar. However, the Pr. 206 should not be used as a frontline vessel, as every single vessel it will face will have more than enough firepower to destroy it in seconds. The torpedo can be formidable if used correctly, not only for the fact they are able to destroy whatever it hits, but also because they are hard to aim due to the distances the Pr. 206 has to navigate in order to get into a decent launch distance. The 30 mm should be used always to sink everything but heavily armoured ships. They are able to decimate light vessels in seconds, as well as planes. For this same reason, the Pr. 206 should be used as an anti-air flagship, as it is able to detect and engage enemy planes in a range of 130 km. Absolutely no aircraft will surprise it while the search radar is active. The Pr. 206, when used in Enduring Confrontation events, is the most reliable and "Jack-of-All-Trades" ship seen in-game. Not only because it is able to dominate the skies, but also because it is able to decimate enemy convoys within seconds with the firepower and torpedoes, specially if said convoys are unarmed cargo ships.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Access to radar
* Good firepower
* High speed turret rotation
* Reaches top speed within seconds

'''Cons:'''

* No armour whatsoever
* Small crew complement
* Closed and tightly packed crew compartments

== History ==


The Pr. 206, NATO reporting name Shershen-Class, was a class of torpedo boats built for the Soviet navy during the 1960s. Designed as a replacement for the Pr. 183 class, the ships were fitted with considerable armament for their size. Many ships of the class were built for both Soviet and foreign service; some vessels remain in service with foreign navies to this day.

The Pr. 206 was designed as a replacement to the previous Pr. 183 “Bolshevik”-class with similar capabilities: the ships were designed to operate in coastal waters close to friendly naval and air units. The ships displaced 172 tons full-load and had a crew of 24; the armament consisted of two AK-230 gun mounts, guided by the ship’s "Drum Tilt" radar, along with four 533 mm torpedo tubes capable of firing anti-shipping torpedoes with rudimentary homing ability. The Pr. 206s were usually fitted with a single quadruple 9M32 MANPAD (man-portable) surface-to-air missile mount for short range anti-air defence.

In total, 123 Pr. 206 boats were built, including 87 ships built for the Soviet Navy (between 1960 and 1970 at the Zelenodolsk and Yaroslavl shipyards, the rest being exported). As with many Soviet light vessel designs, the Pr. 206 was widely exported to countries including Angola, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Cape Verde, Congo, Egypt, East Germany, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Vietnam, and Yugoslavia. Twelve additional boats of the Pr. 206E subclass, featuring simplified technologies, were exported to foreign navies. The Pr. 206 has now been retired from Russian service. However, some vessels remain in service with the Egyptian, Vietnamese, and North Korean navies.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_pr_206 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR boats}}

MBK pr.186 (MK 85)

2022-10-28T16:15:03Z

U69651212: Grammar changes

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_mkl_186_mk85
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet armoured gun boat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.83 "Masters of the Sea"]] with the fleet release into open beta test.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}


The MBK pr. 186 (MK 85) has significantly more armour than its predecessors all-around, and can take a fair beating as a result. The middle portion of this ship has 30 mm of rolled homogeneous armour, while the front and back have protection of 8-12 mm. This defence makes machine gun fire much less dangerous, almost a relic of the past. However, this additional armour makes this ship much heavier, and detrimentally affects the speed, as elaborated in the next section.

The 85 mm gun turrets have significantly less armour than the main tree version.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

The MBK pr. 186 (MK 85) has an abysmal top speed of 35 km/h in AB. The turning speed is also terrible, and it will take more than a dozen seconds to completely turn around, however it does start the turn quite rapidly, making dodging torpedoes a reasonable option. Due to this fact, the vessel must be played with very strategically chosen movements, as becoming exposed with no quick way out is one of the most common ways to be destroyed in this ship.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|85 mm/54.6 ZIS-C-53 (85 mm)}}

The MBK pr. 186 has two 85 mm guns in single turrets as its main guns. These guns fare fairly well against medium-sized ships due to their reasonable calibre, and can sometimes hull-break small ships, although small enough ships are seldom encountered at this battle rating. Up until this point, HE shells were the indisputably best shell for naval combat due to the lack of armour anywhere. HE should be your usual load, although APHE shells are useful vs other armoured gunboats, and also sometimes against larger vessels.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|37 mm/67 70-K (37 mm)}}

A single 37 mm autocannon comprises the secondary armament. This is the same model as the one used on the [[Pr.1124 (1945)]] and the [[BMO]] as well as the [[MPK-163]]. This gun is a fairly good secondary gun due to its calibre and good rate-of-fire, and can tackle both small to medium-sized ships and most air targets.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|DShK (12.7 mm)}}

Two twin-mount 12.7 mm DShK turrets that are mounted on the sides of the command bridge at the centre of the ship. As such, only one turret can engage a target at a time due to the interrupted arc of fire, unless the target is directly in front or behind the ship. This is not the most desirable positioning, but it will work most of the time deterring air attacks, with the help of the 37 mm autocannon.

== Usage in battles ==


The MBK Pr. 186 (MK 85) is quite an interesting ship to play, due to its unique set of characteristics - heavy armament, good armour, and ridiculously bad manoeuvrability. With a pair of hard-hitting 85 mm cannons slapped on a hull with some anti-aircraft armament, this ship is very well suited for a certain set of playstyles and can excel in a variety of situations if used correctly.

'''Tactics:'''

The MBK Pr. 186 can work very well in certain situations, particularly longer-range engagements. This is because of its great weapons load, namely two 85 mm cannons. While they don't fire particularly fast, they hit very hard and can do a lot of damage to naval targets. Assuming you have decent accuracy, you can easily sink any ships at the Pr. 186's BR with a couple of shots. However, note that the Pr. 186 does also have access to a powerful Soviet 37 mm 70-K cannon mounted behind the bridge - this weapon is much more suited for dealing with fast vessels and aircraft, as it can fire continuously against any targets that the 85 mm guns cannot hit as easily. Finally, the Pr. 186 has access to four 12.7 mm machine guns in two twin turrets, which can serve as an effective anti-aircraft armament alongside the aforementioned 37 mm cannon.

The MBK Pr. 186 is quite survivable, with 42 crew members and armour up to 30 mm on the hull. The 85 mm gun turrets are also well-protected with 30 mm of armour, though this is less than the tech-tree version, which gets up to 90 mm of armour. This armour provides the Pr. 186 with extensive protection which makes it impervious to most small-arms fire, meaning that it could potentially be used as a brawler against smaller PT boats and coastal vessels. However, the ship's survivability should not be relied upon exclusively, as the ship will easily be destroyed by the larger coastal ships and destroyers that it faces often. Instead, captains should rely extensively on available island cover to protect their ship. In the case of an open map (the conquest maps), try to stay further away from enemy bluewater vessels to maximize survivability.

Finally, the MBK Pr. 186 suffers from a rather terrible manoeuvrability, with a poor turning circle and a rather disappointing top speed of 26 km/h in RB. Thus, the ship cannot be relied upon to capture zones, as it will take ages just to get to the capture point. In general, this ship should be played as a longer-range sniper, maximizing the use of its powerful armament.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 2 x 85 mm provide plenty of firepower to destroy boats
* Secondary and AA armament is on a par with the main armament of most other PT boats
** Good crew count for its size, 42 crew members
* Armour provides significant protection against machine-guns and small calibre cannon HE ammunition
* Low silhouette, making it rather difficult to hit at longer ranges

'''Cons:'''

* Slow, with a top speed of just 26 km/h in RB spaded
* Secondary armament is located in a weird position, limiting firing arcs for the 37 mm and 12.7 mm guns
* Faces early destroyers very often, where it has a significant survivability disadvantage
* Part of the bow and the entire stern is unprotected, leaving a large part of the ship's crew vulnerable
* Gun turrets are less armoured than the tech tree version

== History ==

The MBK pr. 186 (MK 85) was a class of 38 armoured gun boats built for the Soviet navy during the latter part of the Second World War. Designed as sea-going armoured boats, the ships were fitted with a heavy armament. Upon commissioning, the ships of the class supplemented the prior pr. 161 in service and saw extensive service during the war. The ships served after the end of the war until their eventual retirement in the late 1950s. This version of the vessel represents the later-production version of the pr. 186, which featured newer MK 85 turrets.

The pr. 186 class of MBKs (armoured gun boats) were designed as large but slow armoured boats as a supplement to the pr. 161 class. The ships displaced 156.5 tons and were 36.2 m long. The ships had a relatively modest top speed of 14 knots (26 km/h) and a range of 750 miles, being powered by a pair of 500 hp piston engines. The ships had a crew of 42 officers and men.

In terms of armament, the pr. 186 was equipped with two 85 mm ZiS-C-53 cannons on MK 85 cannon mounts. Initially, the guns were mounted on S-53 mounts, which is seen in game on the tech-tree version of this vessel. However, most late-production pr. 186s were equipped with the later MK 85 mount, with less armour but dramatically-improved vertical targeting. The ships carried a secondary armament of a single 37 mm 70-K dual purpose autocannon and two dual DShK machine gun turrets. Some ships were also fitted with a mortar.

A total of 38 pr. 186 ships were built between 1944 and 1947; being late production vessels, the pr. 186 (MK 85) ships failed to see service during the Second World War. The other vessels constructed during the Second World War saw brief service in the Baltic Sea, where they provided fire support for Soviet land forces. Overall, the Soviet MBKs, including the MBK-161, pr. 1124 and pr. 1125, played an important role in the Great Patriotic War. Loss rates were also high, as 90 boats were lost for roughly 300 boats of all classes built. The later MBK pr. 186s stayed in the fleet until the late 1950s, when they were retired.

== Media ==


;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|aS6-IP8RiyQ|WT <nowiki>||</nowiki> MBK Pr.186 (MK 85) - Armour matters ''By: Napalmratte''|ecLuyiTPpqY|WT <nowiki>||</nowiki> MBK pr.186 (MK 85) - A spectacular Sealclubber ''By: Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR boats}}
{{USSR premium ships}}

MBK pr.186

2022-10-28T16:14:21Z

U69651212: Grammar changes

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_mkl_186
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet armoured gun boat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] when the Soviet fleet was implemented into the game.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

The MBK pr. 186 has significantly more armour than its predecessors all-around, and can take a fair beating as a result. The middle portion of this ship has 30 mm of rolled homogeneous armour, while the front and back have protection of 8-12 mm. This defence makes death by machine gun fire much less likely, almost a relic of the past. However, this additional armour makes this ship much heavier, and detrimentally effects the speed, as elaborated in the next section.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

The MBK pr. 186 has an abysmal top speed of 26.3 km/h with stock equipment, and around 33 km/h fully upgraded. The turning speed is also terrible, and it will take more than a dozen seconds to completely turn around. Due to this fact, the MBK pr. 186 must be played with very strategically chosen movements, as becoming exposed with no quick way out is one of the most common ways to be destroyed in this ship.

The vessel responds quickly to steering inputs, so evading torpedoes is easier than might be expected from the slow speed.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|85 mm/54.6 ZIS-C-53 (85 mm)}}

The MBK pr. 186 has two [[T-34-85]] turrets as its main guns. These guns fare fairly well against medium-sized ships due to their reasonable calibre, and can sometimes hull-break small ships, although small enough ships are seldom encountered at this BR. Up until this point, HE shells were the indisputably best shell for naval combat due to the lack of armour anywhere. However, at this BR you will fight destroyers, which have a fair amount of armour and may require APHE shells to fight.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|37 mm/67 70-K (37 mm)}}

In addition to the two 85 mm cannons, there is a 37 mm autocannon, the same model as the one used on the [[Pr.1124 (1945)]] and the [[BMO]] as well as the [[MPK-163]]. This gun is a fairly good secondary gun due to its calibre and good rate-of-fire, and can tackle both small to medium-sized ships and most air targets.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|DShK (12.7 mm)}}

The MBK pr. 186 has two twin-mount 12.7 mm DShK turrets that are mounted on both sides of the command bridge at the center of the ship. As such, only one turret can engage a target at a time due to the interrupted arc of fire, unless the target is directly in front or behind the ship. This is not the most desirable positioning, but it will work most of the time deterring air attacks, with the help of the 37 mm autocannon.

== Usage in battles ==

The MBK Pr. 186 is quite an interesting ship to play, due to its unique set of characteristics - heavy armament, good armour, and rediculously bad manoeuvrability. Essentially a pair of T-34-85s (seriously, two T-34-85 turrets) slapped on a hull with some anti-aircraft armament, this ship is very well suited for a certain set of playstyles and can excel in a variety of situations if used correctly.

'''Tactics:'''

The MBK Pr. 186 can work very well in certain situations, particularly longer-range engagements. This is because of its great weapons load, namely two 85 mm cannons. While they don't fire particularly fast, they hit very hard and can do a lot of damage to naval targets. Assuming you have decent accuracy, you can easily sink any ships at the Pr. 186's BR with a couple of shots. However, note that the Pr. 186 does also have access to a powerful Soviet 37 mm 70-K cannon mounted behind the bridge - this weapon is much more suited for dealing with fast vessels and aircraft, as it can fire continuously against any targets that the 85 mm guns cannot hit as easily. Finally, the Pr. 186 has access to four 12.7 mm machine guns in two twin turrets, which can serve as an effective anti-aircraft armament alongside the aforementioned 37 mm cannon.

The MBK Pr. 186 is quite survivable, with 42 crew members and armour up to 30 mm on the hull. As well, note that the original armour of the 85 mm turrets has been retained, meaning that the turrets are almost impervious to any gunfire at the MBK Pr. 186's BR, save for some SAP shells carried by larger destroyers. This armour provides the Pr. 186 with extensive protection which makes it impervious to most small-arms fire, meaning that it could potentially be used as a brawler against smaller PT boats and coastal vessels. However, the ship's survivability should not be relied upon exclusively, as the ship will easily be destroyed by the larger coastal ships and destroyers that it faces often. Instead, captains should rely extensively on available island cover to protect their ship. In the case of an open map (the conquest maps), try to stay further away from enemy bluewater vessels to maximize survivability.

Finally, the MBK Pr. 186 suffers from a rather terrible manoeuvrability, with a poor turning circle and a rather disappointing top speed of 26 km/h in RB. Thus, the ship cannot be relied upon to capture zones, as it will take ages just to get to the capture point. In general, this ship should be played as a longer-range sniper, maximizing the use of its powerful armament.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 2 x 85 mm cannons (same ones as mounted on the [[T-34-85]]) provide plenty of firepower to destroy boats
* Secondary and AA armament is on a par with the main armament of most other PT boats
** Good crew count for its size, 42 crew members
* Armour provides significant protection against machine-guns and small calibre cannon HE ammunition
* Low silhouette, making it rather difficult to hit at longer ranges

'''Cons:'''

* Slow, with a top speed of just 26 km/h in RB spaded
* Secondary armament is located in a weird position, limiting firing arcs for the 37 mm and 12.7 mm guns
* Faces early destroyers very often, where it has a significant survivability disadvantage
* Part of the bow and the entire stern is unprotected, leaving a large part of the ship's crew vulnerable

== History ==

The MBK pr. 186 was a class of 38 armoured gun boats built for the Soviet navy during the latter part of the Second World War. Designed as sea-going armoured boats, the ships were fitted with a heavy armament. Upon commissioning, the ships of the class supplemented the prior pr. 161 in service and saw extensive service during the war. The ships served after the end of the war until their eventual retirement in the late 1950s.

The pr. 186 class of MBKs (armoured gun boats) were designed as large but slow armoured boats as a supplement to the pr. 161 class. The ships displaced 156.5 tons and were 36.2 m long. The ships had a relatively modest top speed of 14 knots (26 km/h) and a range of 750 miles, being powered by a pair of 500 hp piston engines. The ships had a crew of 42 officers and men.

In terms of armament, the pr. 186 was equipped with two 85 mm ZiS-C-53 cannons on S-53 cannon mounts. These weapons were unique to the early production pr. 186 ships, with later-production vessels equipped with the newer MK 85 turrets. This feature is found on the in-game [[MBK pr.186 (MK 85)|MBK pr. 186 (MK 85)]]. The ships carried a secondary armament of a single 37 mm 70-K dual purpose autocannon and two dual DShK machine gun turrets. Some ships were also fitted with a mortar.

A total of 38 pr. 186 ships were built between 1944 and 1947; however, only early-production vessels carried the S-53 cannons. The vessels constructed during the Second World War saw brief service in the Baltic Sea, where they provided fire support for Soviet land forces. Overall, the Soviet MBKs, including the [[MBK-161 (1944)|MBK-161]], [[Pr.1124 (Family)|Pr. 1124]] and Pr. 1125, played an important role in the Great Patriotic War. Loss rates were also high, as 90 boats were lost for roughly 300 boats of all classes built. The MBK pr. 186s stayed in the fleet until the late 1950s, when they were retired.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR boats}}

Groza

2022-10-28T16:13:43Z

U69651212: Grammar changes

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_skr_groza_1943
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet gunboat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.89 "Imperial Navy"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

The Groza has a poor survivability. While she sports a large crew size (but average for a gunboat) and her structure has compartments to mitigate incoming damage, she has very little armour and none on her hull. Any larger-calibre cannons, such as those found on other gunboats and the early destroyers, will easily shred her internal compartments and knock out components. The engines are harder to knock out, however, since they are placed inside the hull on a staggered basis, with alternating boiler and engine rooms in pairs. This setup makes it harder for one round to knock out both of her power plants, meaning the Groza usually survives heavy damage with at least partial propulsion remaining. Her crew numbers 114, but many are above deck manning her weapons and are easily whittled down by incoming rounds and any fires that may break out.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

The mobility of the Groza leaves much to be desired. She can only manage 21 knots forward and 10 knots in reverse, and the vessel's turn time and rudder shift are very average. The Groza is powered by two three-drum water tube boilers, each driving one propeller shaft. The Groza will never be the first vessel to the battlefield or a capture point, but is still fasther than some heavier armoured gunboats.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|Pattern 1911 (102 mm)}}
The Groza is host to 2 x 102 mm Pattern 1911 naval guns, mounted fore and aft. These are among the best cannons to be found on a coastal vessel. They have decent ballistics and are hard-hitting, even against the US destroyers that are slathered with anti-fragmentation armour. Each has a 160-round ammo supply, which will last for quite a while, even during constant combat. The guns have a very slow horizontal traverse speed, so planning ahead and turning your guns towards a target before coming within line of sight is imperative.

The stock shell, a base-fused High-explosive round, is arguably the best as it features 2.1 kg of explosive mass and 52 mm base penetration. The only other shell available is a shrapnel round with only 218 g of explosive mass. This round can be useful against PT boats, but the improvement is marginal over the HE, and it only has 5 mm of penetration at any angle.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|37 mm/67 70-K (37 mm)}}
This vessel is equipped with 3 x 37 mm/67 70-K autocannons with a base penetration of 79 mm and powerful HE shells. The available belts are the stock belt (Universal) and the researchable AP and HE belts. The Universal belt is usually the best to use, with its good mix of heavy armour-piercing projectiles and powerful high-explosive shells. If you tend to face more PT boats and aircraft, the HE belt will be your go to, with the AP belt being more effective against the rarer armoured gunboats and destroyers.
One turret is mounted in the front of the ship, between the forward main gun and the bridge. The other two are directly in front of and behind the rear main gun, giving the 37 mm battery complete coverage around the ship. These are your best weapons for combating enemy coastal vessels, given their higher rate of fire and better traverse speed than the 102 mm guns.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|DShK (12.7 mm)}}
The anti-aircraft armament of the Groza is lacklustre: she employs two [[DShK (12.7 mm)]] heavy machine guns, one on each side of the superstructure. These weapons have a very short engagement range and have relatively small ammo counts, but reload quickly and can be a menace to nearby PT boats.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|45-36NU (450 mm)|BB-1 depth charge}}
The Groza has a fully-traversable, triple-tube torpedo launcher at her disposal with 3 x 450 mm 45-36NU torpedoes that can easily cripple destroyers and even cruisers in an uptier with a 284 kg warhead and 41 knots speed. While it is difficult to set up for your own torpedo launches due to her slow speed and the torpedo's limited range, a destroyer or other coastal ship coming around a nearby island or sailing straight is an easy prey.

She is also equipped with 12 x BB-1 depth charges. These are very situational weapons and are only useful if an enemy ship tries to board you. However, on the rare occasion an enemy PT boat tries to hide under your guns, these can come in useful.

== Usage in battles ==

The Groza is best used as a support vessel for quicker PT boats or better-armoured gunboats. Her 102 mm guns provide excellent ballistics for medium to long range engagements, and the 37 mm battery can effectively combat any coastal vessel she encounters. If she is safe from enemy fire or the enemy is distracted by an ally, the Groza can also be a dangerous threat to any destroyer she faces.

Another method of play is escorting or following allied destroyers. While the Groza cannot keep up with any of them, she can provide far more comprehensive defense against PT boats and aircraft than early destroyers are capable of. This is especially viable when playing in a squad.

The most dangerous vessels the Groza can face are any destroyer, which can usually obliterate her weak hull in one salvo, and any coastal vessel with a large-calibre, fast-firing cannon such as the German 3.7 cm or Allied 40 mm Bofors cannons. These mounts have a sufficient rate of fire to quickly knock out each of the Groza's weapons and compartments, and must be dealt with before they get within effective firing range.

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* Powerful 102 mm guns, she can easily cripple/sink destroyers with her main battery
* Very effective anti-air defence for her size with three large-calibre autocannons and two heavy machine guns
* Has a fully-traversable torpedo launcher
* Has access to a rangefinder and fire-control director, which is rare for coastal vessels
* Rarely loses all propulsion due to unique staggered boiler layout

'''Cons:'''

* Very slow, cannot even keep up with battleships
* Main battery has extremely slow traverse speed
* Almost completely unarmoured and a large target, attracts fire easily
* Weapons are easily knocked out, rapidly depleting crew and self-defence capability
* Faces early destroyers often

== History ==

[[File:Uragan Historical Photo.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Groza in her wartime paint scheme]]
The Uragan class of guard ships were constructed from 1927 until 1938, with the type being in service from 1931 all the way up till 1959. 18 ships were built, with 6 lost in combat, 3 of those sunk later being raised.

The Uragans were assigned to all four Soviet fleets and entered combat in every theater. One of the first actions involved the Metel', carrying wounded soldiers to Vladivostok and escorting three convoys during the Lake Khasan border conflict with Japan. During World War II, the Uragans played an active part in the campaigns around Leningrad by providing fire support to Soviet ground troops. In the Black Sea, they played an active role in escorting convoys and providing fire support to encircled Red Army ports such as Sevastopol. In the final days of the war, two of the vessels also supported amphibious landings in Korea and in Sakhalin Island.

Very little information is available about the class after World War 2. Reportedly, most became training ships and were scrapped during the 1950s.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_skr_groza_1943 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="200">
File:Groza Firing.png|Groza firing her main guns at the enemy
</gallery>

== See also ==


* [[USS Candid]]

== External links ==


* [https://www.navypedia.org/ships/russia/ru_es_uragan.htm <nowiki>[Navypedia]</nowiki> Uragan guard ships (projects 2, 4, 39) (1930 - 1938)]
* [http://wio.ru/fleet/ww2stor.htm <nowiki>[War Is Over]</nowiki> Soviet WWII guard ships]

{{ShipManufacturer Zhdanov Shipyard}}
{{USSR boats}}

BMO

2022-10-28T16:12:39Z

U69651212: Grammar changes

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_bmo
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet armoured gun boat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] when the Soviet fleet was implemented into the game. '''{{PAGENAME}}''' stands for Russian: бронированный Mалый Охотник, ''Bronirovannyj Malyj Okhotnik''; English: Small Armoured Hunter.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}


The mid-section of the hull and the bridge are the most well armoured places on the BMO, with maximum thickness of 12 mm around the bridge.

The main 37 mm has a 10 mm thick shield protecting it from light enemy fire, whereas the 45 mm can be knocked out very easily, especially by planes. Fires are frequent, but that is due to the nature of early-tier boats, not to any major flaws of the boat.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}


The BMO can reach 43 km/h in AB and 37 km/h in RB and SB (without Depth Charges). The acceleration is decent, but lighter boats will easily overtake you, so you will rarely reach strategic points first. The BMO can reach reverse speeds of up to -24 km/h (AB).

It turns very well, retaining its mobility even at lower speeds, that is because its rudder reroutes very quickly, comparable to the lightest of boats, such as the G-5. Overall, the BMO is very mobile, but not very fast.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|70-K (37 mm)}}

The 37 mm main armament on the BMO is very powerful in the fact that it is rapid fire and can obliterate small boats with its armour piercing belt rounds. However, anything larger than a submarine-chaser won't take much damage from your calibre of fire, and it is recommended to steer clear or switch to the larger calibre secondary. The ammo capacity is quite unusually large at 500 per belt, with a capacity of 2 belts. You won't be reloading or running out of ammo quickly. The clip reload is unbelievably fast for how much ammo it has, which makes from changing from HE to AP a breeze. It is hard to overheat the weapon, but just keep in mind not to hold down for too long. This weapon can also double as an AA gun with its rate of fire, and manual aim instead of AI would be better, as the AI can overheat the weapon and don't stop when the weapon is overheated or near overheating. The rotation is not as fast as one would expect, but after upgrades, it is snappy and can easily catch speedy patrol boats off guard.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|45 mm/68 21-KM (45 mm)}}

The 45 mm secondary armament on the BMO is slightly more powerful than the primary 37 mm, although it should only be used against the toughest opponents, hence its secondary nature. The rate of fire is slow, so it is advised to use this weapon at longer ranges. However, that also means that you shouldn't worry about ammo running out, and you can keep holding down the fire button, as the weapon doesn't overheat.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|DShK (12.7 mm)|AN-M2 (12.7 mm)}}

The anti-air armaments consist of a total of four 12.7 mm machine guns (2 x AN-M2; 2 x DShK). These guns should be primarily against the aircraft, but they can also be used against the lightly armoured boats. The guns are positioned in the middle section of the ship, on top of the bridge and on the stern, which should pose no problems against aircraft, because you will be able to get at least 2 guns onto the enemy, but it can be hard to attack boats directly in front of the ship.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|BB-1 depth charge|KB-3 pattern 1940 mine}}

The BMO has the option to carry 8 x BB-1 depth charges. They can be used to surprise flanking opponents or to sink tougher enemies by dropping charges in their path.

''Remember'' that you can set the Depth Charge activation time before spawning in if you carry Depth Charges. You can select to delay the activation time from 3s to 10s. You should find the optimal activation time for yourself, but it is advised to use something in the middle (5-8 s), so that you have a wider range of options when using your depth charges.

== Usage in battles ==


The BMO is one of the first Soviet boats that has a large variety of armament. At this stage, you may need to assign new buttons to be able to select your primary/secondary/anti-aircraft armaments, because the BMO works best when all of its weapons are used. Generally, the BMO should be played like a slower Motor Torpedo Boat that can stand its own ground. For example, at the beginning of a match, it can rush a cap point and decimate the oncoming light boats with its 37 mm primary (which is comfortably positioned in the bow). When the cap is clear, the BMO can take on a defensive role behind some cover.

The 45 mm secondary armament should mostly be used against the larger American and German ships (PT-103 / S-100), but you still need to be careful, because those ships can easily take out your guns, and the BMO itself. If you're unsure whether it's best to use the 45 mm or the 37 mm, always go with the 37 mm, because it is much more forgiving.

As for the playstyle, simply use your 37 mm to obliterate any threats coming from the front, and if you're flanked or in a messy fight, switch to your anti-air armaments and continue obliterating everything. The AI gunners can be set to both surface and air threats, but if you are more experienced, you can change them based on the situation (more planes - focus on air threats; in a messy fight - focus on surface threats).

You need to play safer. Don't rush for caps alone, because ships of higher BR can easily sink you. You should flank your enemies where possible and unload your 37 mm (or even the 45 mm) into the exposed sides. The anti-air weaponry will be mostly useless against ships at this BR, so you can just set your AI gunners to air threats and focus on the ships.

Your greatest enemy in this BR is large sub chasers (SC-497) and other BMOs. When facing these, take out the primary armaments with your 37mm, as this is the effective, more than forgiving weapon to do so and then start shooting the ammo racks or critical modules and try to have a teammate with larger guns than you (a Soviet armoured gunboat is a perfect companion to pair up with as both have very similar speeds) to take the compartments, as you don't have the time to take on all compartments with such a small calibre gun. It is recommended to load AP clips, as these are very suitable for turret busting.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great variety of armaments, which should be used interchangeably to increase your chances of escaping difficult situations
* A lot of ammunition
* Decent speed

'''Cons:'''

* Negligible armour on the armaments, making them very easy to knock out
* No torpedoes
* The 37 mm primary armament can overheat (and the AI gunners always overheat the weapon when the player is using another one)
* 45 mm O-240 HE shells are very slow (only 343 m/s) compared to the up to 835 m/s of other equippable shells

== History ==


The BMO, produced from 1943-45 in Leningrad, was the final and most advanced iteration of the MO class of ships. Originally designed for anti-sub operations, the MO series also filled a multitude of roles including mine laying and sweeping, escorting convoys, and supporting amphibious landings. The BMO was the most versatile of the line due to the addition of armour as well as the replacement of one of the 45 mm guns with a much faster firing 37 mm gun to better deal with aircraft. A total of 66 BMOs were produced.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_bmo Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR boats}}

Pr.191M

2022-10-28T16:11:43Z

U69651212: Grammar changes

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_pr_191m
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet armoured gun boat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] when the Soviet fleet was implemented into the game.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

Positive aspects:

* The hull is made of steel 6 mm, this can stop some small calibre HE rounds and the occasional shrapnel.
* The armoured sections were designed to withstand rifle-calibres, and will not protect you against 20 mm AP and larger rounds.

Negative aspects:

* Armour doesn't cover 100% of any compartments, meaning any HE that pierces more than 5 mm can destroy any compartments except the superstructure
* Low crew of 14
* 85 mm ammo isn't protected by any armour plates

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|85 mm/54.6 ZIS-C-53 (85 mm)}}

The 85 mm/54.6 ZIS-C-53 gun is one of the best guns you will ever find at this battle rating. This gun's HE is able to penetrate most if not all ships it faces, but it is recommended to keep a few APHE just in case.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|KPVT (14.5 mm)}}

Secondary armament consists of 2 turrets equipped with dual 14.5 mm KPVT heavy machine guns. The KPVT was designed to destroy light vehicles, and can penetrate up to 40 mm of RHA close up. This is not to be ignored, the round will go through the aircraft's armour and engines like butter, wrecking anything in its way. This also means the KPVT can deal significant damage to other PT boats.

As AA guns, these will do well at close ranges up to 2,000 m. They will have difficulty against anything further away, and aren't well suited to attacking medium and large bombers.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|MIRAB mine}}

The ship comes with 12 MIRAB mines. These mines are rather small, and should be used mostly against corvettes and smaller vessel. A destroyer will survive a hit without issue, and anything hitting a torpedo bulge won't deal any damage. These are best used in small capture points against other PT boats.

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 85 mm main gun will be useful against all types of targets up to destroyer-sized. 14.5 mm KPVT will help against close aircraft and PT boats
* Armour can withstand up to 12.7 mm rounds, this will stop shrapnel and many aircraft guns

'''Cons:'''

* Low crew of 14, the compartment aren't fully covered in armour, meaning some HE salvos may knock you out instantly
* Low speed of barely over 30 km/h, making you a great target for canons
* Lacks any decent medium/long range AA

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on ship;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR boats}}

Pr.1204 late

2022-10-28T16:11:09Z

U69651212: Grammar changes

{{About
| about = Soviet armoured gun boat '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the premium version
| link = Pr.1204
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_pr_1204_late
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet armoured gun boat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] when the Soviet fleet was implemented into the game. It bears strong resemblance to the [[Pr.1124 (1940)]], and inherits its main gun and its tactics.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

The turret is the most heavily armoured section of the ship, with 15 mm of RHA, meaning that it cannot be knocked out by HE shells under 100 mm in calibre. In addition, the bridge and Automatic Grenade Launchers are protected by a thin layer of hardened armour, making them more resistant against low-calibre HE. However, this armour is insufficient to stop large-calibre autocannon fire or armour-piercing machine gun rounds.

In addition, there is an armoured compartment protecting the engine. This gives some resistance against engine knockouts, which will help the stock grind (before FPE).

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}


The ship has a moderate top speed both forward and reverse, meaning that you will never be the first to capture points. Your stopping time is also somewhat poor, and so to turn round it would be better to do a U-turn in most cases. However, your rudder speed is good, and gets much better with the modification installed, so avoiding torpedoes is not an issue for the Pr. 1204.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|D-56TS (76 mm)}}

The primary armament is roughly the same as the Pr. 1124, and offers no new shell types. It is conveniently mounted on the bow of the boat, with a blind spot directly behind the boat. Being moderately armoured, it is rarely knocked out. HE shells are sufficient against most boats, but it is sensible to carry some APHE as well, especially to face some Russian armoured boats, where your 11 mm of penetration with HE rounds won't be enough.

Use HE whenever possible, especially at longer ranges, because the APHE needs a solid hit to damage anything.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|2M-3 (25 mm)}}

The dual 25 mm turret tears aircraft apart in a few hits, and it can help against very fast PT boats. A small group of these boats together with a destroyer have a decent combined AA.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|BP "Plamya" (30 mm)}}

The "anti-air" armament of 4 x 30 mm grenade launchers is largely ineffective at ranges of over 1 km. It is useful, however, in close quarters fighting (though not recommended), or for fending off patrol boats that get too close, something that is very challenging with only the main gun. This is a major improvement over the Pr. 1124, which had to use its 12.7 mm machine guns for this, leaving it vulnerable to the air.

Note that the grenade launchers are classified as AA, but the true AA is your 25 mm gun, which you can use against pretty much anything.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|BM-14-17|YAM-43 mine}}

Like prior Soviet river boats, there is an option to mount a Katyusha rocket launcher on the back. This can be effective against large or static targets, making up for the lack of torpedoes.

Note: this artillery rocket launcher has a larger calibre than others in the tech tree. This allows you to fire up to 17 rockets 3 km away, very effective against destroyers.

You also have the option to carry a few mines. These mines are very small, and were designed to be used in rivers. Using them against destroyers has very little effect, even several of them. These should be used against other PT boats, but are not really worth the trouble.

== Usage in battles ==

The Pr. 1204 late is very similar in playstyle to the [[Pr.1124 (1940)]], which you will have played before this boat. Remaining at long range is still important due to your thin armour, however more ships have guns capable of engaging at range at the higher BR. You have better defence against fast and evasive enemies and air power thanks to your 25 mm AA gun and the 30 mm grenade launchers, but these can be easily overwhelmed by large numbers of enemies. You are also still relatively flammable, and going into close-quarters battle is not recommended.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Has a 30 mm grenade launcher weapon for defence in close quarter battles
* Effective AA turret
* Powerful main gun
* Rocket launcher, highly effective on a hit
* Moderate armour protects well against small arms fire
* Good turn rate to avoid torpedoes

'''Cons:'''

* 30 mm grenade launcher has short range
* Only one AA turret, easily overwhelmed
* Only one main gun, unlike Pr. 1124
* Rocket launcher is very difficult to hit with (similar to [[MO-4]])
* Armour is insufficient against 20 mm autocannons present on many boats at this BR
* Low top speed

== History ==

The Pr.1204 (or "Shmel") class of river boats were developed in the mid 1960s as a successor to the USSR's ageing fleet of WWII era river boats. 118 Shmel class river boats were built between 1967 and 1974. The boats were designed specifically to operate in shallow waters, such as rivers or littoral waters. The Shmel class was designed to support operations in rivers or shallow water conditions such as denying waterway passages, protecting harbours supporting troop movements, as well as providing fire support from ship to shore scenarios. As of 2017, several are still in service with the Russian Navy, with at least 4 assigned to the Caspian fleet.<ref>https://www.militaryfactory.com/ships/detail.asp?ship_id=shmel-class-artillery-gunboat-soviet-union</ref>

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_pr_1204_late Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/ships/detail.asp?ship_id=shmel-class-artillery-gunboat-soviet-union <nowiki>[Military Factory]</nowiki> Shmel (class) / Project 1204 Armored Artillery Gunboat / Patrol Boat]

=== References ===
<references />

{{USSR boats}}

Pr.191

2022-10-28T16:10:08Z

U69651212: Grammar changes

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_pr_191
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet armoured gun boat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.83 "Masters of the Sea"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

As an "armoured gun boat", the Pr.191 has layers of armour around the hull and bridge to help against small-arms fire from the opposition. Almost all the armour on the boat are of the RHA composition, and so their stated thickness are their actual protection values provided for the ship.

The armour covers the bridge and turrets in all angles. However, despite all this armour in the fuselage enveloping the ship's centre and the rear turret's ammo stowage, it does not cover the bow ammo rack carrying the 85 mm rounds for the main armament; nor does it cover the rear fuel tanks, steering gear, and transmission. Because of this, glancing shots towards the bow and stern of the boat may put the ship into a perilous situation.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Hardened armour (Rear and top 12.7 mm DShK turrets)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Bow (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Stern !! Deck
|-
| Hull || 7 mm || 7 mm (0-32°) || 7 mm || 10 mm (0-89°)
|-
| Bridge || 14 mm || 14 mm || 14 mm || 10 mm (90°)
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Main turret || 30 mm (0-42°) ''Front'' 10 mm (23-47°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 30 mm (9-13°) || 30 mm (17°) || 20 mm (88-90°)
|-
| Secondary turrets || 12 mm || 12 mm || 12 mm || 12 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Turret base have an armour thickness of 10 mm. While the bow 85 mm turret base is made of RHA, the stern turret base is made of hardened armour.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}


In general, the Pr. 191 has pretty bad mobility. The ship has a max speed of 29 km/h spaded in RB, which is slow even for Soviet armoured gun boats. As well, the ship isn't too responsive and doesn't have a great turning circle. All in all, the ship should not rely on its mobility due to its poor turn and speed capabilities.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|85 mm/54.6 ZIS-C-53 (85 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[85 mm/54.6 ZIS-C-53 (85 mm)|85 mm/54.6 ZIS-C-53]]
|-
! scope="row" | Vertical guidance
| colspan="6" | -8°/+77°
|-
! scope="row" | Horizontal guidance
| colspan="6" | ±140°
|-
! scope="row" | Ammo capacity
| colspan="6" | 180
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 100 m !! 1,000 m !! 2,000 m !! 3,000 m !! 4,000 m !! 5,000 m
|-
| 85 mm O-365K || HE || 38 || 30 || 24 || 20 || 16 || 11
|-
| 85 mm BR-365 || APHEBC || 132 || 112 || 193 || 77 || 65 || 55
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 85 mm O-365K || HE || 785 || 9.54 || 0 || 1 || 741 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 85 mm BR-365 || APHEBC || 792 || 9.2 || 1.2 || 15 || 164 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
|}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|DShK (12.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[DShK (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm DShK]] (x4)
|-
! colspan="6" | Turrets (Bow to stern)
|-
! || Centre turret (x2) || Stern turret (x2)
|-
! scope="row" | Vertical guidance
| colspan="6" | -5°/+85°
|-
! scope="row" | Horizontal guidance
| ±180° || -135°/+145°
|-
! scope="row" | Ammo capacity
| colspan="6" | 8,000
|-
|}

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|MIRAB mine}}

This ship comes with 10 MIRAB mines. They are rather small, and should be used only against corvette and smaller sized ships, Several hits may sink a destroyer from flooding. The best use for these mines is to lay them at a capture point and hope that an enemy ship runs over the mine and gets blown up; however, it may be the best option to simply not carry them at all, as they do pose a risk of detonating when hit.

== Usage in battles ==


The Pr. 191 is quite an interesting ship to play, due to its unique set of characteristics - heavy armament, good armour, and bad manoeuvrability. This ship excels at longer range combat, making full use of its super-heavy main armament.

'''Tactics:'''

The Pr. 191 can work very well in certain situations, particularly longer-range engagements. This is because of its great weapons load, namely the 85 mm cannon mounted in front of the bridge. Assuming that you have decent accuracy, you can easily sink enemy vessels with a few hits. The Pr. 191 also carries two dual 12.7 mm DShK machine gun turrets, which provide a surprisingly good measure of anti-aircraft and anti-MTB defence. Note that the anti-aircraft armament is otherwise bare, meaning that the ship is very poorly defended from aerial threats at longer ranges, where the DShKs are less effective.

The Pr. 191 is rather lacking in survivability compared to some of its peers. The ship has a crew of 14 sailors, which isn't particularly impressive for a Soviet armoured gun boat. As well, the Pr. 191 lacks heavy armour, with 30 mm protecting the turret and just 7 mm of hull armour. This means that the ship can, and will, be shredded by any enemy cannon fire. As a result, captains should make use of island cover to maximize survivability. One additional good strategy is to stay bow-in on the enemy at longer ranges. This prevents enemies from hitting all three of the ship's sections at once, which greatly reduces the risk of being shredded.

Finally, the Pr. 191 suffers from a rather mediocre manoeuvrability, with a poor turning circle and a rather disappointing top speed of 29 km/h in RB. Thus, the ship cannot be relied upon to capture zones, as it will take ages just to get to the capture point. In general, this ship should be played as a longer-range sniper, maximizing the use of its powerful armament.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Possesses a powerful 85 mm cannon to pick off targets quickly
* Decent secondary armament of four (2 x 2) 12.7 mm DShK machine guns in dual mounts
* Relatively thin profile, presents a rather small target when facing an enemy head-on
* Can carry naval mines, which could be potentially deadly towards heavier enemies

'''Cons:'''

* Only one main gun which can only fire towards the front and sides - leaves a blind spot in the rear
* Front ammo rack, rear mobility modules, and fuel tanks are not armoured at all
** 7 mm hull armour is not enough to protect the ship from cannon fire
** Small crew complement of 14 crew members, very low among the Soviet armoured gun boats
* 12.7 mm guns drop off in effectiveness rapidly with range, limiting their usefulness as anti-aircraft weapons

== History ==

Following the Soviet's experience with the [[Pr.1124 (1945)|Pr.1124]] and 1125 armoured boats, development for an improved successor came in the immediate post-war period of 1946, assigned to Central Design Bureau №19 (TsKB-19) at Leningrad. The improvements were for more armour, an 85 mm gun, two 12.7 mm machine guns and powered by the T-34 V-12 diesel engine.<ref name="Navpedia_191M" /> The boat developed as the '''Project 191''' in Shipyard №344 at the city of Molotov (today known as Perm).<ref name="Navpedia_191" /><ref name="RusShip_191" />

The single unit produced was designated '''BK-166'''.<ref name="Navpedia_191" /><ref name="RusShip_191" /> From the ship's development, improvements were made with M-50 diesel engines and 14.5 mm machine guns that would be used in succeeding units as the ''[[Pr.191M|Project 191M]]'',<ref name="Navpedia_191M" /> of which 118 units would be produced.<ref name="RusShip_191" />

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


* [[Pr.191M]] - Main production variant of the ship, with the main improvements in machine gun armaments and mobility.

== External links ==


* [http://www.navypedia.org/ships/russia/ru_cf_bk191.htm [Navypedia<nowiki>]</nowiki> BK-166 armoured motor gunboat (project 191) (1946)]
* [http://russianships.info/eng/warfareboats/ [RussianShips.info<nowiki>]</nowiki> Project 191]

=== References ===
<references>
<ref name="Navpedia_191">Gogin, Ivan. "BK-166 armoured motor gunboat (project 191) (1946)." Navypedia, [http://www.navypedia.org/ships/russia/ru_cf_bk191.htm Website].</ref>
<ref name="Navpedia_191M">Gogin, Ivan. "BK-167 Armoured Motor Gunboats (Project 191M) (1947 - 1953)." Navypedia, [http://www.navypedia.org/ships/russia/ru_cf_bk167.htm Website].</ref>
<ref name="RusShip_191">Brichevsky, Andrew and Volkov, Roman. "Gun Boat - Project 191." RussianShips.info, [http://russianships.info/eng/warfareboats/project_191.htm Website].</ref>
</references>

{{USSR boats}}

Pr.1124 late

2022-10-28T16:08:52Z

U69651212: Grammar changes

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_1124_ack
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet armoured gun boat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] when the Soviet fleet was implemented into the game.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

As an armoured gun boat, the ship's structure has some considerable armour for the type outside its armament, at least enough to resist against small-arms fire and shrapnel. The hull is armoured with 7-14 mm of anti-fragmentation armour, while the turrets have a significant 53 mm of cast homogeneous armour. The superstructure is armoured with 8-10 mm of anti-fragmentation armour as well. However, note that this armour doesn't provide any measure of protection against fire from larger cannons capable of firing AP ammunition (i.e. 20 mm and above), meaning that the ship's survivability should not be solely relied upon.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

The Pr. 1124 (1945) isn't particularly nimble for its size. It has a top speed of 39 km/h in RB and 53 km/h in AB (identical to the previous Pr. 1124), which makes it relatively fast for a gunboat but still very slow compared to the MTBs that it faces often. The ship's turning circle is also rather weak, and the rudder isn't very responsive. Overall agility isn't too great, meaning that captains should rely on the ship's other characteristics to win fights against enemy ships.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|F-34 (76 mm)}}

The Pr. 1124 (1945) is equipped with two 76 mm F-34 cannons, which are the exact same ones that are fitted on its predecessor, the Pr. 1124 (1940). These are very powerful cannons that can knock out all light torpedo boats with a single shot (notably, the LS 3, most of American tier I boats, and the G-5 in mixed battles). However, the reload time doesn't allow you to rush into the battlefield, like all the torpedo motorboats. At this stage, you should know to target engines or ammunition blocks to increase chances of one-shots or significantly impairing the enemy. You shouldn't have much trouble aiming, though, because the F-34 cannons shoot rounds at high speeds, unlike the MO-4, for example.

In terms of ammunition, it is advised to carry HE for the majority of encounters, but also take some AP to use against tougher opponents (at battle ratings 3.0 and 3.3, for instance). Don't take full ammunition, because at this battle rating, your opponents should know where to shoot.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|37 mm/67 70-K (37 mm)}}

The major difference between the Pr. 1124 (1940) and (1945) is the secondary armament. This boat is equipped with a 37 mm 70-K cannon, which should be your weapon of choice for close encounters, because of its fast reload rate and turret rotation speed. It also shines in messy fights, where you have to defend yourself from enemies all around yourself (although, you shouldn't find yourself in such situations often).

In general terms, this 37 mm cannon should be used similarly to the one on the BMO, which you have likely played before this boat. The only difference is that in an up-tier, you have to play much more passive.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|DShK (12.7 mm)}}

The twin 12.7 mm DShK machine guns remain the same as on the Pr. 1124 (1940), but now should be used exclusively for aircraft, because the enemies at this battle rating are likely not going to be susceptible to light machine gun fire. However, one benefit of having these guns placed on top of the bridge is that they are rarely taken out, which allows you to continue fighting back your enemies even when your other armaments are knocked out (it won't be very effective, though).

== Usage in battles ==

The Pr. 1124 (1945) is quite an interesting ship to play, due to its unique set of characteristics - heavy armament, good armour, and bad manoeuvrability. This ship excels at longer range combat, making full use of its super-heavy main armament.

'''Tactics:'''

The Pr. 1124 (1945) can work very well in certain situations, particularly longer-range engagements. This is because of its great main weapons, namely two 76 mm cannons. While they don't fire particularly fast, they hit very hard and can do a lot of damage to naval targets. Assuming you have decent accuracy, you can easily sink any ships at the Pr. 1124's BR with a couple of shots. However, the main upgrade from the previous Pr. 1124 is the anti-aircraft armament: the Pr. 1124 (1945) gets access to a 37 mm 70-K automatic cannon along with the existing dual 12.7 mm machine gun turret. This combination provides a formidable amount of AA protection and can shred apart most aircraft that the ship commonly faces.

The Pr. 1124 (1945) is quite survivable for a ship of its size, with 20 crew members and some anti-fragmentation armour on the hull, which can provide a limited measure of protection against small arms fire. However, the ship's survivability should not be relied upon, as the ship will be shredded by any heavier weapons carried by larger vessels at its BR. The ship should make use of available land cover to protect the vessel from enemy fire and preserve survivability.

Finally, the Pr. 1124 (1945) suffers from a rather mediocre manoeuvrability, with a poor turning circle and a rather disappointing top speed of 39 km/h in RB. Thus, the ship cannot be relied upon to capture zones, as it will take ages just to get to the capture point. In general, this ship should be played as a longer-range sniper, maximizing the use of its powerful armament.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* T-34 turrets can do serious damage with both HE and APHE
* 37 mm and twin 12.7 mm guns provide a formidable rear-aspect AA defence
* 37 mm is capable of shredding apart most ships you will face
* T-34 turrets are well armoured, making them very difficult to disable
* Excellent close range burst damage potential

'''Cons:'''

* Slow, with a top speed of 39 km/h in RB
* Turrets tend to bounce up and down, making sustained fire difficult
* Rear 76 mm turret has very limited coverage of the ship's frontal arc
* 37 mm offers virtually no coverage of the frontal region
* HMG and autocannon fire can easily result in loss of crew or even ammo rack damage
* 76 mm shell velocity and reload speed can make long range combat difficult

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|abvolluBFeM|'''The Shooting Range #11''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:35 discusses the Pr. 1124.}}

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the ship;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR boats}}

Pr.123K

2022-10-28T16:08:13Z

U69651212: Grammar changes

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_pr_123k
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet motor torpedo boat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] when the Soviet fleet was implemented into the game.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

The Pr.123K, like the majority of PT boats, has no armour. As this is a boat of the same class as its predecessor in-game (Pr. 123bis), it has the same vulnerabilities - easily destroyed engines and frequent fires.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}


{{NavalMobility}}

The Pr. 123K "Komsomolets" has excellent mobility that is very comparable to the reserve G-5 torpedo boat. This ship has an magnificent top speed of 120+ km/h in AB, as well as great acceleration and snappy rudder response. These factors combine with the Pr. 123K's small silhouette to make the ship almost impossible to hit at longer ranges - this plays as its biggest advantage, which leads to a sort of "hit and run" playstyle. If you have mastered the playstyle of the G-5 reserve torpedo boat, you will master the Pr.123 easily.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|KPVT (14.5 mm)}}

The Pr. 123K has half the number of machine guns than Pr. 123bis, but they have a larger calibre (dual 14.5 mm KPV machine guns). This is a general disadvantage at this battle rating, because the vast majority of boats you will face will have no armour and so volume of fire is more important than the power of the ammunition.

However, the KPV is a very powerful gun, and with API ammunition it can do considerable internal and crew damage, destroying any other small boat in the game with 2-3 reloads, and even significantly reducing the crew of much larger vessels such as destroyers. Effective use of the guns requires good understanding of lead and aiming offsets for speed and angle - opponents will often not adequately compensate for your speed, while you can be causing damage at ranges up to 1.5 km.

The guns are mounted in the stern, giving a very wide angle of fire, excluding a relatively small angle either side of straight ahead.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|45-36NU (450 mm)|BB-1 depth charge}}

The Pr. 123K is equipped with 2 x 450 mm wet-heating 45-36NU torpedoes, which are placed on the sides of the boat. When released, they are fired forwards already at speed, which allows you to get a jump on any opponents who are in the torpedo range. It is a good idea to rush tougher opponents and fire your torpedoes very close to them to guarantee a hit (use this tactic at higher battle ratings to get rid of the toughest ships).

The Pr. 123K can carry 4 BB-1 depth charges, which can be used as time-based mines or as traps for opponents who are circling you. It is advised to read the [[BB-1 depth charge|full BB-1 article]] which covers its uses in more depth.

== Usage in battles ==

The Pr. 123K can seem as a downgrade from the previous Pr. 123bis, with two less machine guns placed in a position that forces you to expose your side to shoot. However, the ship does have a more powerful set of guns, which can be combined with the ship's excellent mobility to make use of ambush / hit-and-run tactics.

The Pr. 123K does best in base-capturing abilities, as it can easily reach bases before most other boats. Thus, at the start of each game, you should rush straight for the bases. After the bases are captured, you can move into ambush tactics, as the Pr. 123K has relatively weak survivability and will be shredded in any brawls. Thus, you have to play very carefully, and always stay at speed, or you will get picked off very quickly by gun boats with large guns. You should be the person to capture points for your team, and stay a nuisance for the enemies.

Against smaller vessels such as MTBs, the two 14.5 mm machine guns are usually more than enough. However, note that these guns will bob considerably when travelling at high speeds, making aiming extremely difficult. Thus, ambush tactics are important - the boat who shoots first will almost always win the engagement. You should try to ambush other MTBs who are already distracted in order to maximize your ship's survivability. Against larger destroyers, the Pr. 123 gets two large torpedoes which are often enough to one-shot anything up to the size of a destroyer - make use of these torpedoes to get rid of larger vessels such as early destroyers.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Extremely mobile with a high top speed and snappy control response
** Very small silhouette makes this boat extremely difficult to engage at range
* Two heavy-hitting machine guns capable of shredding through most boats at its BR
* Gets access to torpedoes which can easily destroy anything up to the size of a destroyer

'''Cons:'''

* Absolutely no armour and just 7 crew members cause the ship to have terrible survivability
** The hull is made of wood and can easily be set alight by machine-gun fire
* Two fewer guns than the preceding Pr. 123bis
* Inability to engage opponents right in-front due to the positioning of the dual machine-gun turret
* Only two torpedoes which fire forward, compared to four on many comparable MTBs

== History ==

Pr. 123K “Komsomolets” was the last variant of the Pr. 123 series of motor torpedo boats built by the Soviet navy during and shortly after the Second World War. The ship differed from previous Pr. 123 versions due to the removal of one 12.7 mm DShK machine gun turret, the installation of a heavier 14.5 mm machine gun turret, and the installation of two Identification Friend-or-Foe (IFF) and target search radars. As well, the ship carried a new design of smoke generator designed to operate for longer periods of time. In total, 205 boats were built from 1949 to 1951.

The Pr. 123K was the final development of the Pr. 123 class, and had improved armament and sensor equipment. Compared to the previous Pr. 123bis, several changes were made to the basic ship design. The Pr. 123K was built with a new, more spacious open bridge, which housed the steering and control equipment. As well, the Pr. 123K lost the forward machine gun turret of the Pr. 123bis, while the rear turret was upgraded to a dual KPV machine gun turret. The ship had less powerful engines compared to the Pr. 123bis (200 less hp per engine), but was capable of a higher top speed thanks to a lighter and more hydrodynamic hull. Finally, the ship gained two new radars - the “Zarnitsa” air-search radar and the “Fakel-M” IFF device. Both were mounted on a dome behind the bridge.

In total, 205 Pr. 123K boats were built between 1949 and 1951, several years after their earlier counterparts. Of these, some ships were delivered without the radar installation. Two ships were modified with single and dual hydrofoils (being the A-10 and A-11 models), which were capable of even higher speeds in tests. As well, over 100 Pr. 123K MTBs were exported to Warsaw-pact countries. The ships had a long service life, some ships remaining in export service until 1990.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on ship;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR boats}}

Pr.1124 early

2022-10-28T16:06:53Z

U69651212: Grammar changes

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_1124_art
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet armoured gun boat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] when the Soviet fleet was implemented into the game.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}


As an ''armoured gun boat'', the ship's structure has some considerable armour for the type outside its armament, at least enough to resist against small-arms fire and shrapnel. No matter how thick the armour is, though, they do cover nearly all critical modules in the ship from stray fire except the transmission and steering gear at the rear.

'''Armour type:'''

* Hardened armour
* Antifragmentation armour (Fuselage roof)
* Cast homogeneous armour (Cannon turrets)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Bow (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Stern !! Deck
|-
| Hull || 4 mm || 7-14 mm (0-1°) || 4 mm || 4 mm
|-
| Bridge || 8 mm || 8 mm || 8 mm || 4 mm
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Main turrets || 45 mm (3-75°) ''Front'' 45 mm (29-77°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 45 mm (24-31°) || 45 mm (30°) || 15 mm (83-90°)
|-
| Secondary turret || 10 mm (20-27°) || 10 mm (20°) || 10 mm (20°) || 10 mm
|-
|}

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}


{{NavalMobility}}

The Pr. 1124 (1940) isn't particularly nimble for its size. It has a top speed of 39 km/h in RB and slightly higher in AB, which makes it relatively fast for a gunboat but still very slow compared to the MTBs that it often faces. The ship's turning circle is also rather weak, and the rudder isn't very responsive.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|F-34 (76 mm)}}

The Pr.1124 is equipped with two 76 mm T-34 turrets, essentially using the same guns as used on the T-34 tank. These guns are fairly large for this BR, but they require a different strategy than a typical torpedo boat owing to it having a decent reload time. You cannot just spray bullets with this ship; you must aim for certain modules with a greater precision than if you could just use a machine gun. When a good hit occurs, it usually causes a considerable amount of damage to the opposing ship, and may even cause hull breaks against smaller ships. HE is the recommended ammo for this gun, as most ships at this BR have low to no armour and are vulnerable to explosives.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[F-34 (76 mm)|76 mm F-34]]
|-
! colspan="6" | Turrets (Bow to stern)
|-
! || colspan="2" |Bow turret || colspan="2" |Stern turret
|-
! scope="row" | Vertical guidance
| colspan="6" | -5°/+25°
|-
! scope="row" | Horizontal guidance
| colspan="2" | ±155° || colspan="2" | ±160°
|-
! scope="row" | Ammo capacity
| colspan="6" | 384
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 100 m !! 1,000 m !! 2,000 m !! 3,000 m !! 4,000 m !! 5,000 m
|-
| 76 mm OF-350M || HE || 34 || 27 || 21 || 16 || 12 || 9
|-
| 76 mm BR-350A || APHEBC || 84 || 69 || 56 || 45 || 38 || 32
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 76 mm OF-350M || HE || 680 || 6.2 || 0 || 1 || 621 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 76 mm BR-350A || APHEBC || 665 || 6.3 || 1.6 || 4 || 150 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
|}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|DShK (12.7 mm)}}

With two standard-issue 12.7 mm DShK machine guns as its only armaments supplementing the 76 mm turrets, the Pr.1124 (1940) is vulnerable to savvy torpedo boats and other nimble opponents, particularly at close range. Hitting fast-moving targets with the 76 mm guns can be a significant challenge, and the long reload times compared to lower-calibre automatic weapons give only a handful of opportunities for aim adjustment. As these machine guns pull double-duty as AAA, they're also often unavailable for naval targeting. Proceed accordingly, being cautious to avoid engaging enemies who fall into this ship's mid-range weaponry blind spot.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[DShK (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm DShK]] (x2)
|-
! scope="row" | Vertical guidance
| colspan="6" | -5°/+88°
|-
! scope="row" | Horizontal guidance
| colspan="6" | ±130°
|-
! scope="row" | Ammo capacity
| colspan="6" | 3,000
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The Pr. 1124 (1940) is quite an interesting ship to play, due to its unique set of characteristics - heavy armament, good armour, and bad manoeuvrability. This ship excels at longer range combat, making full use of its super-heavy main armament.

'''Tactics:'''

The Pr. 1124 can work very well in certain situations, particularly longer-range engagements. This is because of its two 76 mm main cannons. While they don't fire particularly fast, they hit very hard and can do a lot of damage to naval targets. Assuming you have decent accuracy, you can easily sink any ships at the Pr. 1124's BR with a couple of shots. The Pr. 1124 also carries a single dual 12.7 mm DShK machine gun turret which provides some measure of anti-aircraft defence. Note that the anti-aircraft armament is otherwise bare, meaning that the ship is very poorly defended from aerial threats.

The Pr. 1124 is quite survivable for a ship of its size, with 20 crew members and some anti-fragmentation armour on the hull, which can provide a limited measure of protection against small arms fire. However, the ship's survivability should not be relied upon, as the ship will be shredded by any heavier weapons carried by larger vessels at its BR. The ship should make use of available land cover to protect the vessel from enemy fire and preserve survivability.

Finally, the Pr. 1124 suffers from a rather mediocre manoeuvrability, with a poor turning circle and a rather disappointing top speed of 39 km/h in RB. Thus, the ship cannot be relied upon to capture zones, as it will take ages just to get to the capture point. In general, this ship should be played as a longer-range sniper, maximizing the use of its powerful armament.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Two 76 mm turrets provide excellent long-range firepower capable of penetrating any vessel at its BR.
* Turret layout allows firing of main guns in a 360-deg. Radius around player.
** Turrets rotate surprisingly quickly.
* Gets a pair of 12.7 mm machine guns that can provide some measure of anti-aircraft defence.
* Quite survivable with 20 crew members and a decent amount of armour.
* Small silhouette, making it harder to hit than its contemporaries.

'''Cons:'''

* Extremely vulnerable to air attack- two 12.7 mm machine guns with limited fields of fire are your only hope.
* Shallow draft makes hitting targets on rough waters nigh-on impossible.
* Not too fast, with a top speed of 39 km/h in RB.
* Guns have limited traverse arcs, meaning only one gun can fire directly forwards or backwards.
** Guns are not well-suited for hitting fast torpedo boats due to their slow reload speed.

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|abvolluBFeM|'''The Shooting Range #11''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:35 discusses the Pr. 1124.}}

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR boats}}

Pr.123-bis

2022-10-28T16:05:56Z

U69651212: Grammar changes

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_pr_123bis
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet motor torpedo boat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] when the Soviet fleet was implemented into the game.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

[[File:Pr123bis.png|thumb|X-Ray view of the Pr.123bis showing key components that are prone to be damaged when taking enemy fire.]]
The Pr.123bis doesn't have any armour in the game. When under fire, it is almost certain that an opponent will disable your engines and/or set you on fire (see image on the right). However, you will very rarely be destroyed due to an ammunition explosion.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

The Pr.123bis can reach speeds over 120 km/h in AB and around 90 km/h in RB and SB. Backwards, the Pr.123bis can reach -45 km/h, so there should be no trouble reaching strategic points first or at the same time as the lighter boats. The Pr.123bis turns very quickly, a tactic which should be used to flank opponents and destroy them with machine guns. Lastly, it is unwise to come to a full stop, due to the fact the ship becomes a "sitting duck", easy to pick off by enemy ships or aircraft.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|DShK (12.7 mm)}}

Primary armament composes of two, dual mounted [[DShK (12.7 mm)|DShK]] heavy machine gun turrets, with one located at the stern and the other at the centre of the vessel just above and behind the bridge. Note that the turret at the stern is obstructed when pointed towards the bow due to the other turret, therefore somewhat restricting fire coverage. The turret just behind the bridge has near 360°, though it is slightly obstructed by the mast when pointing towards the bow.

The DShK 12.7 mm guns provide good firepower and rate of fire against similarly sized ships and somewhat larger ships thanks to its heavy calibre. They have an ammunition capacity of 1,000 rounds, with reloads taking ~4.7 seconds. Available belts to research include the high explosive incendiary (HEI) and armour piercing incendiary tracer (APIT) rounds.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|45-36NU (450 mm)|BM-1 small depth charge}}

The Pr.123bis carries two 450 mm wet-heating 45-36NU torpedoes. They have a range of 3 km at a speed of 78 km/h or a range of 6 km at 73 km/h with the Torpedo Mode module installed. They are placed at the bow of the boat and fired out already at speed, so you can surprise your opponents with your torpedoes, unlike early American boats, which simply throw the torpedoes to their sides.

''Be careful with your torpedoes!'' Due to torpedoes being fired out of their tubes at an upwards angle, this means that your torpedoes might over-shoot (literally) any boats which are passing right in front of the Pr.123bis.

The Pr.123bis can carry 6 x BB-1 depth charges, which can be used as timed mines to damage/destroy tougher enemies. You can place depth charges around a capture point if you get there first, or in front of an enemy.

''Remember'' to set your Depth Charge activation time before battle, if you carry depth charges. The default option of 3 seconds is too short to be useful, so it is advised to set it to something between 5-8 seconds to keep your options open.

== Usage in battles ==

The Pr.123bis is one of the first Soviet boats that get decent firepower, which can destroy its opponents very quickly. Moreover, it gets two torpedoes, which are fired forwards at speed (can be an advantage, but also a disadvantage). All of that weaponry is placed on a motorboat which can reach very high speeds. It's a boat that will help you grind out USSR rank I fleet.

The Pr.123bis strikes a balance between speed and weaponry. At its low battle rating, the two dual 12.7 mm machine guns reliably destroy all light boats, experiencing difficulty only in a full uptier. For the most part, the Pr.123bis should be used as a flanker. Your machine guns destroy compartments with 3-5 bursts, and if you get the first shot on most of your opponents, they are most likely going to die very soon after. However, if you meet tougher opponents, it is viable to simply cross the map around the flank, (ignoring the lighter boats) while the opponents are focused on their front, and fire your torpedoes at their sides (best done when up close and personal).

As a rule of thumb, you should never remain stationary. The Pr.123bis doesn't have any armour, and all other boats at its battle rating can kill it, so to make it much more difficult for the opponents, try to stay at your top speed and avoid head-on encounters. Although, you can still handle some threats from the sides because your guns' rotation speeds are very fast.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent firepower with four DShK machine guns, enough to deal with most ships at its BR
** Good firing angles and turret rotation speeds for the machine guns
* Extremely good mobility - very high top speed and snappy rudder response
* Access to torpedoes which fire forwards at speed

'''Cons:'''

* Terrible survivability even for an MTB, with only seven crew members
* Only has two torpedoes, which aren't particularly good torpedoes either
** Torpedo tubes are fixed, only being able to fire forwards
* Guns tend to bob up and down when travelling at top speed, making aiming extremely difficult

== History ==

The Pr.123bis was the first variant of the Pr.123 series of motor torpedo boats built by the Soviet navy during and shortly after the Second World War. Originally intended to carry a single machine gun mount, the ship was instead fitted with two 12.7 mm machine gun turrets and two heavy torpedo tubes. As well, the ships were fitted with American Packard-built engines, enabling a higher top speed. The Pr.123bis was produced from 1942 - in total, 118 ships were built before the ship was replaced by the later Pr.123K.

The Pr.123bis was the first major upgrade of the original Pr.123 design. The ship was considerably improved over the original Pr.123 in several ways. The most noticeable addition was the installation of a second dual 12.7 mm DShK machine gun installation on top of the deckhouse, which offered a dramatic increase in firepower compared to the original Pr.123. As well, the ship used lend-lease Packard aircraft engines imported from the United States, each developing 1,200 hp. Despite the heavier engines, the ship was actually slower than the Pr.123, as the added weight of the weapons and equipment weighed the hull down.

The first Pr.123bis was built in 1942, and was accepted for production shortly thereafter. Being constructed by Plant No. 639 in Tyumen, a total of 118 ships were built. The first ship entered service in 1944, while the last boats were accepted in service in 1955. Many Pr.123bis boats were exported to Warsaw pact allies. In service, the Pr.123bis was complemented and succeeded by the more advanced Pr.123K, featuring improved systems and armament. The last Pr.123bis ships were retired in the 1970s and 1980s, replaced by more modern torpedo boats and small ships.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_pr_123bis Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Pr.123K]]
* [[Pr.123K (A-11)]]

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR boats}}

MPK Pr.122bis

2022-10-28T16:04:58Z

U69651212: Grammar changes

{{About
| about = Soviet sub-chaser '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = MPK pr.122A
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_mpk_122bis
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=MPK Pr.122bis (USSR)
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet sub-chaser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.87 "Locked On"]] as a reward for the 2019 [[wt:en/news/6145-special-battlefield-engineer-en|"Battlefield Engineer"]] crafting event.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}


The MPK Pr.122bis has a good armour, her most well defended zone is at the centre and her most vulnerable area is the primary weapon. The ammo magazines are not much of a problem because they are well protected.

The crew size of the boat is 60 sailors, which is consequent and makes it hard to knock out the boat just with crew depletion.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

The MPK Pr. 122bis has mediocre mobility at best. The ship can nominally make 39 km/h maximum forward speed in Realistic, though the actual operating speed of the vehicle will typically be lower. The ship's turning circle and rudder shift time are all rather inadequate, meaning that the ship takes a long time to accelerate and turn. As a result, captains of the MPK Pr. 122bis must always stay alert, as the ship must take early evasive action to avoid any torpedoes or obstacles.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|90-K (85 mm)}}

The primary weapon on the {{PAGENAME}} is the [[90-K (85 mm)|85 mm 90-K]] cannon. A good gun in its own right that only really needs high-explosive shells to handle most of its opponents. Due to the cannon's ability, most battles may only require up to 100 shells to be brought in for the match. The gun has great frontal firing arcs, reaching all the way to the ship's sides to nigh-rear, with the ±160° horizontal traverse range. However, the slow traverse speed means that the {{PAGENAME}} shouldn't expect to fight enemies coming in at all sides.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|37 mm/67 70-K (37 mm)}}

The secondary armament on the {{PAGENAME}} is two 37 mm 70-K automatic guns. With the two placed in the rear, they provide enough firepower to compensate the 85 mm's inability to attack towards the ship's stern. Carrying a full complement of explosive shells can help take care of any boats and planes trying to attack from the ship's stern.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|DShK (12.7 mm)}}

The tertiary armament of the {{PAGENAME}} are three turrets of dual-mounted DShK machine guns, one in the front and two in the rear. Though not as powerful as the 37 mm 70-K guns, these machine guns help supplement the firepower against approaching boats and planes.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|RBM mortar|BB-1 depth charge}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==

The Pr. 122bis can be thought of and played as a heavier armed, less manoeuvrable version of the tech tree [[MPK pr. 122A|Pr. 122A]] or the [[MPK-163]]. Make use of the ship's massive armament to pulverize any boats that dare get in your way.

The Pr. 122bis has lacking manoeuvrability, meaning that it isn't particularly effective at rushing to bases or charging into battle. Instead, one good strategy is to find a good piece of cover (i.e. a small island) to protect the ship's more vulnerable central section. If you just leave the ship's bow sticking out, most enemy ships won't be able to damage your main section. This leaves the powerful frontal 85 mm cannon exposed, allowing you to engage enemy ships with ease.

However, this strategy doesn't allow usage of the ship's powerful secondary and AA armament suite, which offers a second gameplay option: serving as a brawler or mid-ranged gunship. This strategy maximizes the Pr. 122bis's high crew count and powerful armament spread across the vessel. When doing so, utilize the ship's powerful 85 mm gun to engage heavier targets (such as the [[110 ft SC-497|SC-497]]) and utilize the 37 mm automatic cannons to engage smaller, faster targets. The 37 mm guns are also highly effective against enemy aircraft, capable of destroying most enemy aircraft with a couple of hits at most.

When playing the MPK Pr. 122bis, always stay aware of your surroundings. The ship's lacking manoeuvrability may prevent it from dodging a torpedo if the torpedo isn't noticed early enough. As well, pay attention to enemy ships in the vicinity, particularly heavier-armed vessels such as the [[SF40 Leichte|SF40]] series anti-air ferries. These vessels typically carry numerous hard-hitting automatic guns which will quickly destroy the ship's crew.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful 85 mm main gun, capable of firing powerful HE shells with 700+ grams of explosive filler
* Extremely potent secondary armament of 37 mm cannons and 12.7 mm machine guns, which are wonderful at destroying soft targets such as boats and aircraft
* Large crew complement of 60 crew members, giving the ship good survivability
* Relatively long hull meaning that crew is more spread out - this increases the ship's survivability by making it harder to knock out compartments
* Premium bonuses allow it to speed up research of the Soviet coastal fleet tree
** As it is a premium vessel, all modifications are unlocked by default.

'''Cons:'''

* Lacking manoeuvrability including a long rudder shift, large turning circle and inadequate top speed for a boat of its size
* The ship's hull isn't armoured at all, meaning that the vital components can be hit very easily
* Ammunition storages and engines all lie partially above the waterline, meaning that they can be hit and destroyed easily
* Main gun is incapable of firing behind the ship, limiting its effectiveness in certain situations

== History ==


The significantly upgraded version of the Project 122 small patrol boats designated Project 122bis MASB has been evaluated by experts as one of the most successful models in its class in the Soviet navy. This version varies from the Project 122 and 122A versions due to its new powertrain, differently-constructed cabin and enhanced anti-air weapons (aft 37 mm autocannons), as well as other improvements. The Soviet navy began employing the RGB-12 rocket-powered bomb against enemy subs in 1953. In later versions, the boats of Project 122bis had bomb launchers mounted on their forward sections for firing these rocket-powered bombs – two rail-type launchers with a constant firing arc that could be aimed horizontally by correcting the ship's course. The Soviet navy used the submarine chasers of Project 122bis until the late 60s, and they also exported them to many other countries.

''- From [[wt:en/news/6137-development-the-big-submarine-chasers-of-project-122bis-bombs-away-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_mpk_122bis Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="150">
File:Mpkpr.122bis.png|The MPK Pr.122bis at the hangar with its standard all-grey camouflage and red wood flooring.
File:Mpkpr.122bis-deforming.png|The MPK Pr.122bis at the hangar with its event (and historical) Soviet Navy camouflage with "deforming" pattern.
File:MPK_Pr.122bis_WTWallpaper001.jpg
File:MPK_Pr.122bis_WTWallpaper002.jpg
File:MPK_Pr.122bis_WTWallpaper003.jpg
File:MPK_Pr.122bis_WTWallpaper004.jpg
File:MPK_Pr.122bis_WTWallpaper005.jpg
File:MPK_Pr.122bis_WTWallpaper006.jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|yWWFv8qY5rQ|'''Battlefield Engineer: all new vehicles''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 1:34 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|xTibyCaPA9Y|'''The Shooting Range #30''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 03:14 discusses the Project 122bis.}}

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6137-development-the-big-submarine-chasers-of-project-122bis-bombs-away-en|[Devblog] The big submarine chasers of Project 122bis: bombs away!]]

{{USSR sub-chasers}}
{{USSR premium ships}}

Pr.123K (A-10bis)

2022-10-28T16:04:16Z

U69651212: Grammar changes

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_pr_123k_hydrofoils
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet motor torpedo boat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.83 "Masters of the Sea"]] as part of the fleet release into open beta test.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}


This boat has no armour, and relies upon small size and fast speed for survival. Turning away after dropping torpedoes and hiding behind smoke should be standard tactics.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

The Pr 123K (A-11) is the fastest boat in the game - getting to 135/136kph in Arcade Battles. This makes it very useful for capturing zones that are some distance from the main battle area.

The vessel loses a lot of speed when making anything more than minimal turns, like all hydrofoils. However, it has very good acceleration, allowing sharp turns to be a normal part of your tactics.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|KPVT (14.5 mm)}}

The Pr. 123K has dual [[KPVT_(14.5_mm)|14.5 mm KPVT]] machine guns mounted at the stern, giving a very wide angle of fire, excluding a relatively small angle either side of straight ahead.

However, the KPV is a very powerful gun, and with API ammunition it can do considerable internal and crew damage, destroying any other small boat in the game with 2-3 reloads, and even significantly reducing the crew of much larger vessels such as destroyers. Effective use of the guns requires good understanding of lead and aiming offsets for speed and angle - opponents will often not adequately compensate for your speed, while you can be causing damage at ranges up to 1.5 km.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|45-36NU (450 mm)|BB-1 depth charge}}

The Pr. 123bis carries two 450 mm wet-heating 45-36NU torpedoes. They have a range of 3 km at a speed of 78 km/h or a range of 6 km at 73 km/h with the Torpedo Mode module installed. They are placed at the bow of the boat and fired out at the same speed the boat is already travelling at.

== Usage in battles ==


The Pr. 123K (A-11), as a premium variant of the Pr. 123K "Komsomolets", is relatively under-armed with two machine guns placed in a position that forces you to expose your side to shoot. However, this armament is still enough to do plenty of damage, which can be combined with the ship's excellent mobility to make use of ambush / hit-and-run tactics.

The Pr. 123K does best in base-capturing abilities, as it can easily reach bases before most other boats. Thus, at the start of each game, you should rush straight for the bases. After the bases are captured, you can move into ambush tactics, as the Pr. 123K has relatively weak survivability and will be shredded in any brawls. Thus, you have to play very carefully, and always stay at speed, or you will get picked off very quickly by gun boats with large guns. You should be the person to capture points for your team, and stay a nuisance for the enemies.

Against smaller vessels such as MTBs, the two 14.5 mm machine guns are usually more than enough. However, note that these guns will bob considerably when travelling at high speeds, making aiming extremely difficult. Thus, ambush tactics are important - the boat who shoots first will almost always win the engagement. You should try to ambush other MTBs who are already distracted in order to maximize your ship's survivability. Against larger destroyers, the Pr. 123 gets two large torpedoes which are typically enough to one-shot anything up to the size of a destroyer - make use of these torpedoes to get rid of larger vessels such as early destroyers.
=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Extremely mobile with a high maximum speed and good mobility
** Very small silhouette which can be combined with the ship's great mobility to make it almost untouchable at longer ranges
* Two 14.5 mm machine guns pack more punch than expected
* Gets access to two torpedoes to destroy ships that the guns cannot take care of
** Torpedoes fire forward at speed

'''Cons:'''

* Extremely weak survivability even for a motor torpedo boat, with just seven crew members
** Hull is made of wood and is extremely prone to fires
* Only a single machine gun turret, which cannot fire directly forward due to its positioning
* Only two torpedoes compared to two four on many comparable MTBs, which can only fire forward

== History ==

'''Pr. 123K (A-11)''' is a prototype variant of the Pr. 123K, being the last series of Pr. 123 motor torpedo boats built by the Soviet navy during and shortly after the Second World War. The ship differed from previous Pr. 123 versions due to the removal of one 12.7 mm DShK machine gun turret, the installation of a heavier 14.5 mm machine gun turret, and the installation of two Identification Friend-or-Foe (IFF) and target search radars. The A-11 vessel was a unique Pr. 123K prototype fitted with a double hydrofoil, allowing it to attain 56 knots (103 km/h) during testing.

The Pr. 123K (A-11) was modified from the Pr. 123K subclass of Pr. 123 MTBs, and retained the bulk of the Pr. 123K’s equipment. The ship features an open bridge, similar to the Pr. 123K, which housed the steering and control equipment. As well, the Pr. 123K (A-11) was fitted with the “Zarnitsa” air-search radar and the “Fakel-M” IFF device, mounted on a dome behind the bridge. The Pr. 123K (A-11) was equipped with the same engines as the previous Pr. 123K, but was fitted with a dual hydrofoil. This setup enabled the vessel to reach exceptionally-high speeds: 56 knots (103 km/h) during testing.

The Pr. 123K (A-11) was built by the Krasnoye Sormovo plant (chief designer RE Alekseev) in 1950. However, despite the higher speed offered by the hydrofoil, the ship was ultimately not accepted into service. Instead, the standard Pr. 123K was mass-produced, and served in both domestic and international navies for several decades.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the ship;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR boats}}
{{USSR premium ships}}

MPK pr.122A

2022-10-28T16:03:34Z

U69651212: Grammar changes

{{About
| about = Soviet sub-chaser '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = MPK Pr.122bis
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_mpk_122a
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet sub-chaser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] when the Soviet fleet was implemented into the game.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}


Due to its large size and decent crew, this is a difficult boat to sink. The whole vessel is unarmoured except for the gun shield, meaning that machinery and ammunition are left exposed. Although magazine explosions are rare, it's common for both the gun and engine to be knocked out, either of which will spell disaster for this vessel. Fortunately, due to its size, the crew is spread out and there are more compartments to disable, increasing your life expectancy greatly.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

The boat is reasonably fast in a straight line, able to keep up with slower PT boats and outpace German minesweepers. However, turning is awful due to large hull length. The boat tends to spin, meaning the stern will hit rocks or the shoreline if sailed too close. Stopping distance is also a problem, with no easy way to escape trouble once you've found it. All in all, it has decent mobility, adequate for the role, but it does have some shortcomings to be mindful of.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|34-K (76 mm)}}

Primary armament consists of a single rapid fire 76 mm gun positioned on the bow, which is able to shred smaller boats in a few hits while holding its own against larger vessels. The gun is protected by steel plate, however due to its position, it will often get knocked out by enemy fire.

HE is deadly against small and medium-sized vessels, disabling compartments in one or two hits. While AP is good for armoured targets such as the Soviet gunboats, it will over-penetrate most vehicles this boat will face.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|DShK (12.7 mm)}}

Secondary armaments that also double for anti-air duties on the vessel are the three 12.7 mm DShK heavy machine guns in single mounts at the stern. While they may be classed as combined AA/auxiliaries, they are only really useful for engaging aerial targets. Due to the location of the guns, they have decent firing arcs and have no problem tracking low flying aircraft. Optimal range for these guns is less than a kilometer, where their combined fire will easily down any aircraft that loiter in the vicinity, while gunners will start opening up from 2 km away.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|BM-1 small depth charge|BB-1 depth charge}}

While depth charges and bomb throwers can be equipped, they are mostly useless and should only be used in specific situations, otherwise concentrate on using the guns.

== Usage in battles ==

(AB) The ship should be pointed towards the bow (front) at all times, greatly increasing survivability, and used to hunt smaller PT boats with the 76 mm cannon while staying away from larger ships with bigger or more numerous guns. While this boat isn't immune to PT boats, they are its primary target, and parking the boat behind cover near a cap allows you to mop up any intruders. Particular enemies to note are:

* Well-armed American PT boats (PT-314, etc.)
* British and Soviet gunboats (SGB, Fairmile, MPK-163)
* German barges (SF40's or AF D1's)
* British Isles/Flower-class boats
* Also large, tough bombers such as the Catalina or Wellington will break through your air defence, try to keep moving and not make yourself an easy target.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Rapid-fire cannon, which deals decent damage
* Self-defence AA is capable of shooting down planes at short range (1 km or closer)
* Fast in a straight line
* Good survivability

'''Cons:'''

* Auxiliary armament of 3 heavy machine guns are mostly ineffective against other ships, and A.I. Gunners tend to be inefficient
* Big turning circle and big length mean difficulty traversing in tight spaces - beware of running aground
* Cannon does get knocked out easily

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the ship;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR sub-chasers}}

MPK-163

2022-10-28T16:02:33Z

U69651212: Grammar changes

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_mpk_163
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet sub-chaser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] along with the initial Soviet naval tree.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}


The MPK-163 has the following structural layout:

* Hull: 8 mm, steel
* Superstructure: 4 mm, steel

Armour on this ship is largely non-existent. The only armour to be found is on the gun turrets, and maxes out at 12 mm, meaning anything larger than 7.7 mm in calibre will punch through at nearly any range. The crew is thankfully plentiful and well-spaced throughout the ship, meaning you can tank a couple of hits before a total crew loss is observed. Engines are easily damaged and have a tendency to lead to fires aboard the ship. Ammunition stowage is decently protected, though remains vulnerable.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}


Straight-line speed is excellent when spaded; this vessel is capable of reaching 71 km/h in Arcade Battles, easily capable of outrunning stock S-boats. For its size, the boat is extremely fast and somewhat manoeuvrable, however like its predecessor, the length of the boat makes it difficult to navigate in shallow waters or tight corridors, and stopping distance is also an issue.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|90-K (85 mm)}}

The MPK-163 carries a single 85 mm 90-K cannon as its main armament. The 90-K is a decent main weapon with a moderate fire rate of 17 rounds per minute (3.5-second reload). The weapon itself is decent against larger ships, but lacks lethality against faster vessels and aircraft due to its lower fire rate (compared to the ship's 70-K autocannon).

The gun has access to three main shell types - the O-365K high-explosive (HE) shell, the O-365D time-fused (HE-TF) shell, and the BR-365 armour-piercing (APHEBC) shell. Of these rounds, the HE is almost always the best against enemy boats as it has the most explosive filler, and consequently, does the most damage. The HE-TF round is slightly worse as it detonates on a timed fuse, meaning the accuracy of the shell depends on crew skills. Finally, the APHEBC shells are rarely usable due to their low damage potential, only being useful against armoured targets like the soviet armoured boats. For good measure, bring mostly HE shells, and a bit of HE-TF and APHEBC shells just in case the situation arises.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|37 mm/67 70-K (37 mm)}}

The secondary gun is a 37 mm 70-K gun with a high rate of fire for its calibre and is most effective as an AA gun, and should be left as one unless pesky patrol boats manage to surpass your large primary, then switch to this gun to take care of them quickly, as this gun has an exquisite firing arc on your boat and a good turn rate. It really isn't effective against other sub-chasers of your size.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|DShK (12.7 mm)}}

The MPK-163 also carries 3 twin DShK machine gun mounts. The 12.7 mm DShK machine gun is a heavy machine gun, similar to the M2 Browning used by the Americans and the Vickers guns used by the British. This gun fires from a fixed 50-round magazine and will need to be reloaded after the magazine is expended. The gun itself is rather mediocre, and will struggle to hit targets reliably at ranges exceeding 1.5 km. However, at shorter ranges, the weapons can be highly lethal to small vessels or aircraft. The 12.7 mm machine guns do not get access to any ammunition belt upgrades - the default one is the only belt available.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|BB-1 depth charge|RBM mortar}}

The RBM mortars launch explosive projectiles about 36 m to the side of the ship, perpendicular to the ship's axis. The mortar charges are a proximity weapon and explode on impact.

== Usage in battles ==

The MPK-163 is a very versatile large coastal vessel with adequate survivability, mobility, and armament. This ship can be played as a "gunship" utilizing its heavy armament, or alternatively, be used to capture bases relying on its mobility and decent survivability.

The MPK-163 is a very well-armed vessel at its BR, and you should take advantage of this strength. The vessel's strongest armament is the 37 mm 70-K autocannon mounted at the rear of the ship. Therefore, it is advisable to switch to manually control this weapon and use it to shred any coastal vessels that you might face. However, the 37 mm has a very slow traverse speed along with the 85 mm whilst stock, so it is advised to get the traverse upgrades after essential modules have been acquired. When fighting other sub-chasers or large vessels, use the 85 mm cannons, since it takes about 3-4 shot in some cases to destroy them.

In general, the ship can be played using ambush or flanking tactics. Use islands and ground cover to hide your ship from enemy fire, and destroy any ships that sail into your line of fire; alternatively, flank the enemy and mow them down. Try to keep your broadside on the enemy vessels, as you can bring more guns on target. The MPK-163's overwhelming gun armament ensures that you can easily destroy any vessels or aircraft that you see. The 85 mm main gun is less effective against fast targets and should only be used against survivable, large targets such as the American SC-497. The DShKs are effective against ships and aircraft alike, but given that the 37 mm autocannon is more lethal, it is advisable to leave them under AI control.

The MPK-163 has two other favourable characteristics: good mobility and survivability. The ship can reach a top speed of 82 km/h in arcade and 49 km/h in realistic, which means that you can reach capture points quickly. Additionally, the ship has a crew count of 60 men, which means that your ship can take a couple of hits before going down. Utilize the good mobility and survivability to capture bases if your team's MTBs cannot capture them; again, shred any ships that come into your line-of-fire using your main armament. When capturing bases, be aware of enemy torpedoes, as the MPK-163 is a very large target. A single torpedo hit is almost always lethal.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fast for a ship of its size
* Effective cannon
* Good secondaries and AA guns for its battle rating
* Lots of spaced-out crew
* Surprisingly good flanker with its heavy weapons and decent speed

'''Cons:'''

* Reload on the main cannon is mediocre at best
* Large target
* Poor steering
* Has a habit of igniting easily
* The RBM mortars have limited firing angles.

== History ==

The Pr.122bis, MPK-163 was a ship of the [[MPK Pr.122bis]] class (NATO designation: Kronshtadt class) with modified main armament. Commissioned in the 1950s, the Kronshtadt class served as border patrol vessels and were also capable of anti-submarine duties. MPK-163 was a unique member of the Pr.122bis class armed with one less 37 mm 70-K autocannon - her counterpart, the Pr.122bis, can be found in the Soviet coastal forces tech tree as a gift premium vessel.

In the late 1940s, the Pr.122bis or Kronshtadt class were developed as a 300-ton displacement small submarine chaser class for the Soviet Union's fleet, though they were substantially larger than wartime ship classes such as the MO-4 and OD-200 classes. The ships displaced 325 tons full load and had a crew of 50, though the MPK-163 had two more crew members and displaced 380 tons full load. Standard vessels were powered by three 1,200 hp diesel engines, though the MPK-163 had the centre diesel engine exchanged for a 1,000 hp gas turbine engines. This addition resulted in the fitting of a second funnel behind the first one, giving the ship its unique appearance compared to other vessels of its class.

The MPK-163 was also equipped with an 85 mm main cannon and three dual DShK heavy machine gun mounts. It also equipped a single 37 mm 70-K anti-aircraft cannon, which differed from the other ships of the class, as the Pr.122bis ships carried two 70-K AA guns. As a submarine chaser, the MPK-163 was capable of fitting depth charges or naval mines. In total, 236 Pr.122bis vessels were produced, though the MPK-163 is a unique vessel among the Pr.122bis class. The MPK-163 entered service in December 1955 as the last ship in the Pr.122 class with hull number 673; after 14 years of service, it was retired in April 1970.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_mpk_163 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:Kronshtadt-class_submarine_chaser|[Wikipedia] Kronshtadt-class submarine chaser]]

{{USSR sub-chasers}}