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J29F

2022-10-21T18:00:18Z

U56824724: Flight performance

{{About
| about = Swedish jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = J29 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=saab_j29f
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]].

The J29F is the final variant of the J29 "Tunnan" family, combining excellent engine performance, and manoeuvrability for a well-rounded fighter at its battle rating. It is the only J29 able to be outfitted with the [[Rb24]] air-to-air missiles.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The J29F will come off as heavy and quite sluggish for any pilots new to the plane. But when the J29F gets upgraded with suspended armaments and better performance, the plane starts to feel a bit more capable. The superior roll rate and vertical energy come in handy in many situations, and with two Rb24 air-to-air missiles, the J29F becomes a threat to most enemies in the sky. The J29F can be described as a "Jack of all trades" in many areas. Even if the J29F is outclassed in every area by some vehicle, a pilot who knows their enemies will find a way to outperform them in this plane. Players with previous experience in the [[J29A]] or [[J/A29B]] will most likely find the new afterburner a welcome upgrade to the vehicle. The RM2B engine carries this plane in any direction the pilot wishes and significantly improves the acceleration. However, just like all the other J29 variants, the J29F suffers from bad defensive capabilities. While many opponents find it easy to get rid of people behind them, the J29F has a hard time both losing energy and manoeuvring in different directions. This makes it difficult to get rid of opponents following close behind, which should always be taken into consideration when planning an attack.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,032 || 1,026 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.3 || 30.7 || 48.7 || 45.1 || rowspan="2" | 800
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,049 || 1,040 || 28.8 || 29.0 || 70.7 || 59.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 800 || 575 || 350 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 650 || < 640 || < 450 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Svenska Flygmotor RM2B || 1
| colspan="2" | 5,017 kg || colspan="3" | 279 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 34m fuel
|-
| 1,150 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning centrifugal-flow turbojet
| 5,533 kg || 6,011 kg || 6,507 kg || 6,737 kg || 7,080 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 34m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 2,070 kgf || 2,881 kgf
| 0.52 || 0.48 || 0.44 || 0.43 || 0.41
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 2,070 kgf (0 km/h) || 3,001 kgf (1,000 km/h)
| 0.54 || 0.50 || 0.46 || 0.45 || 0.42
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


[[File:Protection J29F.png|thumb|Armour found inside the J29F.]]
The J29F is outfitted with 3 armour plates spread out in different areas of the plane. The most important of which being the bulletproof glass of 64mm, which will save the pilots' life in most head-ons. The J29F is quite strong in terms of survivability, being able to tank a lot of low-calibre shells without much damage. This can help a J29F pilot stay in battle far longer than usual, or return to base safely. It is important, however, to avoid incoming damage since surviving incoming shells should never be expected as "survivable". Many shells will set the J29F on fire, knock out its engine, and destroy the tail section. All of which will by themselves put the J29F out of combat.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Akan m/47C (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 20 mm Akan m/47C cannons, chin-mounted (180 rpg = 720 total)

The firepower is the same as on all the other J29 variants found in the tech tree. The Swedish Akan m/49C is a somewhat potent 20 mm cannon that is comparable to the AN/M3 cannons found on the F9F-8. This gun can be experienced as weak when compared to 30 mm revolver cannons found at the same battle rating. But despite requiring a longer gun time, the high ammo count of 720 rounds will significantly help people who feel less comfortable with their aim.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|RB24|srak m/55 Frida}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 24 x 7,5 cm srak m/55 Frida rockets
* 2 x RB24 missiles

== Usage in battles ==


==== Fighting different enemies ====
In Realistic Battles, the J29F is similar in playstyle to that of a [[MiG-15bis]], while still sharing some similarities to the [[F-86F-25|F-86F-25 Sabre.]] A J29F keeps energy very well when the afterburner is used, giving it a strong rate of climb and acceleration. This means the J29F can easily energy fight most enemies it encounters. However, the J29F should never be seen as a one-trick pony. When coming face-to-face against stronger and faster opponents, energy tactics can no longer be used. In that case, it can be better to use the superior turn- and roll-rate, to avoid incoming attacks from above. If missiles are researched, these enemies will most likely be forced to leave you alone since they have a hard time dodging the 10g pull of the Rb24.

It is very important to know your enemies when using the J29F, to apply the right tactics against them. It is strongly recommended to look up the strengths and weaknesses of different opponents it may face. The J29F is never the strongest in any area but is always better than its enemy in one or two areas, which should always be exploited.

==== Using the Rb24 ====
The J29F is the only J29 "Tunnan" equipped with air-to-air missiles. The Rb24 is a license-built variant of the American Aim-9B missile. This missile is one of the key upgrades the J29F can use to its advantage. The Rb24 tracks enemies quite poorly. Despite this, the missile forces faster opponents to extend, and unaware opponents to combust. The missile gives the J29F more ways to deal with enemies, at a slight performance cost.

When using these missiles in battle, it can be useful to go for a Side-rushing strategy. This will put the plane in a superior energy situation if combined with climbing. This strategy helps the missile the most since it lets the J29F appear behind enemies, to launch the Rb24 when they're busy. It can also be important to get rid of the suspended armament as soon as possible, to improve the overall flight performance. Missiles shouldn't be wasted, however, since they help in dealing with faster targets. The Rb24 isn't very good at turning but can easily eliminate fighters climbing upwards, or those travelling at slow speeds. The optimal launch distance for the Rb24 is between 1 and 3 km.

==== Rushing ====
In Realistic Battles, a fairly common strategy is the so-called "rush" strategy. During a rush, a jet pilot will maximize speed rather than altitude, trying to intercept enemy players who won't expect them. The rush strategy can be used in the J29F to a certain degree. Since the J29F has an average top speed, getting to the enemy team can be done quite swiftly. It's however, still recommended to gain some altitude since speed won't be lost when pushing the plane slightly upwards.

The rush strategy can allow a J29F pilot to easily shoot down planes who don't expect it and works wonders when paired with some altitude. The only downside is that the J29F might be attacked by an overwhelming amount of enemies, forcing the J29F to play defensively. This is why the Rush strategy is recommended to pilots who have friends or teammates to back them up since it's very difficult to win a defensive situation.

==== Side-rushing ====
A more effective strategy in Realistic Battles is a side rushing strategy. This strategy is executed the same way as the rush strategy, except the jet is flown more towards the side, giving you extra time to gain speed. The J29F has no problem accelerating but dislikes being forced into a defensive situation. This strategy can be paired with a slight altitude gain to put the J29F in a superior position. Although the J29F won't be the first one to the battlefield, it will be able to down more planes by keeping people away from its back. A pilot should still be aware of his/her surroundings, in case the enemy decides to take a similar route.

The side-rushing strategy also improves the usefulness of the Rb24 air-to-air missiles. The side-rush can be utilized to end up behind the enemy team, making good use of the Rear-Aspect lock technique. However, these attacks are usually achieved when fighting against unaware players.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Strong energy retention
* Superior roll-rate compared to other jets it faces
* High ammo count
* Fast acceleration
* Tough airframe being able to tank shots
* Two RB24 air-to-air missiles

'''Cons:'''

* Mediocre top speed
* Sluggish tail controls - weak when flown defensively
* Underwhelming firepower - requires more gun time than the J29D
* Short landing gear - becomes difficult to land when damaged
* Tiny air-brakes - Makes it difficult to force an overshoot

== History ==

=== Initial development ===
During WWII, Sweden had effectively fallen behind in the development of military aircraft. This was largely due to a severely underdeveloped aircraft engine industry in Sweden which meant that there were no high-end engines available for aircraft production. Thus Sweden was still projecting propeller-driven fighter aircraft in 1945 equivalent to fighters projected by other nations 1-3 years prior. Since it was obvious by 1945 that jet aircraft was the future the Swedish Air Force decided to immediately scrap all propeller-driven fighter projects and instead make the jump to a jet fighter. Sweden's leading aeronautical firm SAAB, who was already actively working with the Swedish Air Force on the previously mentioned propeller fighters, was tasked with projecting this new jet fighter. Several designs were looked at but by mid-1945 it was decided that a mid-high wing aircraft with a central air intake would be the best option. Due to the mid-high wing it was not possible to house the landing gear in the wings. Instead, it was decided to house the landing gear in the fuselage of the aircraft. This concept got the project name R1001, R standing for "reaktionsmotor" (reaction engine), the Swedish military term for jet engines.

The original specifications for the R1001 called for a radar rangefinder, four Bofors 20 mm akan m/45 cannons mounted in the nose with 180 rounds per gun, external fuel tanks and a top speed of 1,000 km/h. The engine was originally supposed to be an indigenous design by the company STAL but by late 1945 Sweden had gotten the green light for acquiring the new state-of-the-art de Havilland Ghost engine. There are several reasons why Sweden was allowed to buy this engine even before it was finished, but the two main factors were the economic state of Britain after the war and Sweden's good relations with the company de Havilland. The engine was however not the only thing which changed at an early stage. Originally the R1001 featured straight wings, as was common at the time. However, by pure luck Sweden was able to acquire some German WWII research papers from a Swiss source regarding swept wings on aircraft and their increased performance at high speeds. Thus it was decided to change the R1001 design to feature swept wings. The first blueprints of the R1001 featuring swept wings were finished by late 1945 and within 3 years a prototype had been constructed and was ready for flight testing. During these 3 years the design would change even further from the original concept. The radar rangefinder was dropped for unknown reasons, and the Bofors cannons were switched for Hispano designs due to delays at Bofors. By 1947 the aircraft had also received the designation J29.

=== Testing and production ===
The J29 prototype flew for the first time on the 1st of September 1948 and immediately showed incredible performance. The pilot chosen for this flight was SAAB's test pilot at the time, an Englishmen by the name Robert A. "Bob" Moore. He was a British squadron leader with previous experience flying jets and was thus suitable for the tests. The test flight lasted for half an hour and after a successful landing, Moore stated that "on the ground, it's an ugly duckling, but in the air it's a swift." Like many aircraft which pick up a nickname due to a specific feature or shape, the J29 would fairly quickly receive the nickname "Flygande Tunnan" (The Flying Barrel) or just "Tunnan" (The Barrel) for short. Initially thought of as degrading, the nickname Tunnan would not only become the official name for the aircraft but would also start the SAAB tradition of naming their combat aircraft, a tradition which persists to this day.

After correcting a few production errors the prototype would not only achieve the specified top speed of 1,000 km/h but it would even surpass it, achieving a sustainable speed of 1,060 km/h at one point. The design of the J29 showed a lot of promise for the future and talk of future variants would begin even before production had started. In fact, just a month after the prototype had taken to the air, there was talk of implementing attack-rockets and deflatable internal fuel tanks.

Production of the first J29 variant, the J29A, would commence in 1950 and deliveries to the air force would start in early 1951. It was quickly realized that the internal fuel capacity of the J29A was too limited and work began on implementing the previously discussed internal deflatable fuel tanks. This would be realized in a new version of the J29, designated [[J/A29B|J29B]], which entered production and service in 1953. The J29B's new internal fuel tanks gave it a 50% increase in fuel capacity compared to the J29A. The J29B would be followed by an unarmed reconnaissance version called the S29C which had been planned at an early stage. The S29C was to be followed by the [[J29D]], featuring increased armament and an afterburner, but due to a variety of reasons the J29D never entered production. Instead, a modified version of the J29B, called the J29E, would enter service. The E-variant featured a new dog toothed wing which increased manoeuvrability at high speeds. The J29E was soon followed by the [[J29F]] which was an upgrade-program for 210 J29B and E aircraft, increasing their performance and allowing them to serve throughout the 1960s.

All in all, 661 J29s would be produced for the Swedish Air Force, the largest production run by SAAB ever. The last of these would serve until the late 1970s.

=== Legacy ===
The J29 was a truly historical wonder for its time. After being stranded for the duration of the war, Sweden managed to not only catch up with modern aircraft development in a short amount of time but it was also able to lead jet fighter development in Europe for the time and arguably even into modern times. The J29 was the first swept-wing jet fighter to be mass-produced in Europe and together with the Soviet [[MiG-15]] and American [[F-86A-5|F-86]] it set the bar for how the next generation of fighter aircraft should be. It was extremely fast for its time and actually managed to take home two closed-circuit world speed records during the mid 1950s.

Besides its international legacy, the J29 was the first Swedish-designed aircraft to see combat. In September 1961, as part of the Congo-crisis, five J29Bs were stationed in the Republic of Congo to contribute to a UN peacekeeping mission (ONUC) in the region. This led to the formation of the air wing F 22 which exclusively served in Congo. F 22 was later reinforced by four more J29Bs and two S29C reconnaissance planes in 1962. F 22 would quickly take air superiority in the area which in turn lead to them primarily performing attack-missions during the conflict. No aircraft were lost during the ONUC despite large amounts of ground fire. When the ONUC was terminated in 1964, the aircraft-type had been decommissioned in Sweden and thus it was decided to only send home a select few J29s to Sweden. The majority of the F 22 J29s were blown up on the spot in Congo when the Swedish left the area.

=== J29F ===
[[File:Airborne J29F.jpg|thumb|Airborne J29F from the 15th Air Division]]
The J29F was an upgrade-program spanning from 1956 to 1958, in which 210 [[J/A29B|of the J29B]] and J29E models were upgraded to F-standard. F-standard meant that the aircraft would be equipped with new dog-tooth wings originally introduced on the J29E but also the afterburning engine of the scrapped [[J29D]] project.

The J29F was an important step in prolonging the service life of the J29. Being an aircraft with its roots from 1945, the basic J29 was about to become obsolete by the early 1960s. By upgrading them to F-standard they would still be usable throughout the 1960s. This was increased in 1961 when the J29F was modified to carry [[RB24|RB24B]] (AIM-9B) sidewinder air-to-air missiles, allowing them to attack high altitude bombers from behind. Previously the idea was to attack bombers head-on using 75 mm [[Srak m/55 Frida|srak m/55]] rockets. The J29F came to see service with sidewinders all the way to 1978. It was finally decommissioned in 1978, 27 years after the initial type entered service.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=saab_j29f Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|_06O0_ogQ0k|'''Stubby Stick is Fine! J29F - Sweden - Review!''' - ''Jengar''|UP7fWALr7OM|'''Powerful Swedish Barrel With Missiles: J29F''' - ''Spit_flyer''}}

== See also ==


'''Comparable aircraft'''

* [[FJ-4B]]
* [[MiG-15 (Family)]]
* [[Swift F.7]]
* [[Shenyang F-5]]

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:Saab_29_Tunnan|[Wikipedia] Saab 29 Tunnan]]

{{AirManufacturer Saab}}
{{Sweden jet aircraft}}

AJ37

2022-10-21T17:56:57Z

U56824724: Flight performance (stock)

{{About
| about = Swedish strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = SAAB 37 Viggen (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=saab_aj37
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Ground Breaking"]]. Being the first Viggen variant produced and intended to replace the [[A32A]], the {{PAGENAME}} offers the air-to-ground capability that the later [[JA37C]] lacks.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


Entering service in 1971, the {{PAGENAME}} is almost 10 years older than the [[JA37C]] found in the fighter line beside it. Despite being almost indistinguishable from each other visually, both aircraft differ heavily in flight performance. The {{PAGENAME}} is noticeably more primitive than its fighter brethren, requiring suspended ordnance to compensate for the lack of internal weapons. This, combined with the weaker powerplant, makes the {{PAGENAME}} feel a lot heavier when fully kitted out. Despite this, the performance is not something to underestimate, as the Viggen platform still offers almost unmatched 'jack of all trades' performance, with excellent manoeuvrability, acceleration, and top speed.
[[File:AJ37 Scenery.png|left|thumb|350px|AJ37 viewed from behind, making a right turn.]]
For better or worse, flying the {{PAGENAME}} is comparable to the Draken family of fighters preceding it. The overall flight performance is so extreme that most opponents the {{PAGENAME}} comes across cannot keep up with it. But a trade-off is still the lack of significant energy retention. When flown recklessly, the {{PAGENAME}} has a hard time keeping its speed up, which can be exploited by more powerful opponents. However, an opponent that does commit to these low speeds is likely to lose due to the low-speed handling of the Viggen. All variants, including the {{PAGENAME}}, come fit with flap systems designed to push air under the main wing, allowing the aircraft to manoeuvre efficiently even when stalling. Because of this, dogfighting often comes down to managing your speed, and ensuring that your manoeuvrability is better than your opponent's, either by forcing an overshoot, or baiting them into committing to a low-speed engagement.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 9,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,868 || 1,822 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 26.1 || 26.2 || 156.2 || 144.7 || rowspan="2" | 900
|-
! Upgraded
| 2,017 || 1,948 || 23.9 || 25.0 || 225.4 || 190.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,536  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || 400 || ~12 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 865 || < 700 || < 520 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Svenska Flygmotor RM8A || 1
| colspan="3" | 11,015 kg || colspan="3" | 309 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 15m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 51m fuel
|-
| 2,350 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning low-bypass turbofan
| 12,341 kg || 12,727 kg || 13,583 kg || 14,867 kg || 15,435 kg || 19,000 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 15m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 51m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 6,386 kgf || 10,520 kgf
| 0.85 || 0.83 || 0.77 || 0.71 || 0.68 || 0.55
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 6,386 kgf (0 km/h) || 15,255 kgf (1,250 km/h)
| 1.24 || 1.20 || 1.12 || 1.03 || 0.99 || 0.80
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

Although designed with air-to-ground missions in mind, the {{PAGENAME}} does not come equipped with pilot protection. Despite its size, the {{PAGENAME}} is not well-suited for handling incoming damage. The fuselage is noticeably tanky, but due to the large engine and control surfaces, the likelihood of surviving hits without consequence is fairly small.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Cross}}
|-
|}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

[[File:AJ37 Countermeasures.png|thumb|350px|AJ37 dispensing countermeasures]]
{{main|m/71 (120 kg)|psrak m/70|Akan m/55 (30 mm)}}
{{main|RB24|RB24J|RB 75|Rb05A}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance presets:

* 2 x 30 mm Akan m/55 cannons (150 rpg = 300 total)
* 2 x RB24J missiles
* 2 x RB24 missiles
* 24 x psrak m/70 rockets
* 2 x Rb05A missiles
* 2 x RB 75 missiles
* 16 x 120 kg m/71 bombs (1,920 kg total)
* 48 x countermeasures

The stock loadouts on the {{PAGENAME}} allow for either gunpods or air-to-air missiles. The performance of the RB24J often allows two guaranteed air kills, which can be important when spading the aircraft. However, more skilled pilots might find more use out of the Akan gun pods as they can down significantly more aircraft in one go and still engage ground targets if needed. They can be somewhat tricky to get used to, however, as they are spaced out from the center of the aircraft, both horizontally and vertically.

The m/70 rockets are the only air-to-ground ordnance shared with the JA37C. The rockets allow for great precision attacks from far range thanks to the ballistic computer, and due to the large explosive filler, a single accurate hit is more than enough to deal with any armoured threat. The rocket placement can be somewhat tricky as they are not centred with the aircraft, similar to the gun pods.

[[File:AJ37 bombs.png|thumb|350px|AJ37 bombing targets]]
The Rb05A is unique in its class, as this manually guided air-to-ground missile features a proximity fuze for attacking airborne threats. Although very unconventional to use, this missile is highly potent in ground battles, as the explosive can kill any tank it hits, while also destroying helicopters with ease if needed.

The RB 75 is identical to the [[AGM-65A]] found on other aircraft and performs equally well. This air-to-ground missile uses optical guidance to distinguish targets, allowing it to guide itself after launch. Since the missile is capable of gliding up to 20 km of distance, altitude is preferred when deploying for the best distance and target visibility. When employed correctly, the {{PAGENAME}} can safely stay away from SAM systems while engaging ground vehicles.

The countermeasures used by the {{PAGENAME}} are carried in two pods, one on each wing. Both come equipped with 24 slots each, dispensing in unison when activated. These flares require some manoeuvring and throttle management to deploy efficiently, especially since the direction they dispense is straight behind the nozzle. Cutting afterburner and banking slightly is always optimal when flaring, and will throw off most heat-seeking missiles.

The 120 kg m/71s are the only type of bombs found on this aircraft. Carried in groups of four, these bombs are dispensed singularly starting from the left. Their limited explosive mass makes them fairly inefficient at destroying bases in air battles. However, the precision offered by the ballistic computer allows for plenty of stopping power against ground vehicles. These bombs are also a lot safer to use than unguided rockets, as they do not require the pilot to look directly at the target.

==== Custom loadout options ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="11%" | 1 !! width="11%" | 2 !! width="11%" | 3 !! width="11%" | 4
| rowspan="9" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! 30 mm Akan m/55 cannons (150 rpg)
| 1 || || || 1
|-
! 120 kg m/71 bombs
| 4 || 4 || 4 || 4
|-
! psrak m/70 rockets
| 6 || 6 || 6 || 6
|-
! RB24 missiles
| || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! RB24J missiles
| || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! RB 75 missiles
| || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! Rb05A missiles
| || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! Countermeasures
| 24 || || || 24
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


'''Air Realistic Battles'''

* Use flares when uptiered
* Always carry RB24J missiles
* Take as much fuel as possible
* Avoid higher altitudes
* Stay as fast as possible when engaging aircraft

[[File:AJ37 Climb.png|thumb|350px|AJ37 seen climbing]]
The {{PAGENAME}} has no limitations when it comes to flight performance. The acceleration, manoeuvrability, and top speed outclasses almost any aircraft it faces, giving it plenty of wiggle room for engaging anything it wants. The downside lies in the suspended weaponry, which is very limited for a plane its size. Being unable to carry more than two missiles, and having to choose between countermeasures or gun pods makes engaging air targets in this aircraft troublesome. These downsides are entirely dependent on the opponents a pilot is going against, as some aircraft might have even less to work with than the {{PAGENAME}}, making them easy prey. In downtiers, the {{PAGENAME}} can become unstoppable as the armament becomes secondary. Since the {{PAGENAME}} is one of the best handling supersonic aircraft, facing subsonic and transonic opponents is a walk in the park. When facing these sorts of aircraft, firepower should always be prioritized to maximize the amount of damage the plane can put out. Here, a pilot should focus on going straight in, keeping opponents busy for allied teammates.

When facing more potent opponents, however, especially those at higher tiers, the lacklustre weaponry becomes apparent. The {{PAGENAME}} carries half the expected amount of missiles and has no all-aspect capability. On top of this, opponents at this tier often carry potent missiles that require flares to properly avoid. This forces a decision to be made before battle. Since the {{PAGENAME}} is unable to carry flares and guns simultaneously, a pilot has to decide between having better defensive options, or more offensive capability. This often boils down to pilot skill and playstyle, as flying around without countermeasures requires careful planning and split-second decision-making to avoid incoming missiles. In these matches, especially when playing without flares, the {{PAGENAME}} should stay behind teammates, flanking towards the sides in hope of catching opponents off-guard or by themselves.

'''Ground Realistic Battles'''

* Use countermeasures when facing SAM systems
* Use suspended weaponry of your choice
* Gain altitude quickly when using RB 75
* Stay as low and fast as possible when using rockets, bombs, cannons, or the Rb05As

Using the AJ37 for its intended purpose can sometimes be trickier than fighting aircraft, especially due to the prominent threat of SAM systems. The AJ37 is much more potent compared to the earlier [[A32A]] in almost every regard, but that does not make it immune to anti-air equipment. The best way to counter SAM systems is by flying at high speeds while deploying chaff simultaneously. This forces radar locks to reset, allowing for short timeframes of efficient ground striking. Staying above Mach is almost a requirement, unless terrain can be worked with to avoid sightlines with the SAM launcher. A more daring tactic is to forego countermeasures altogether, and focusing on destroying the SAM system before it even locates the aircraft. This allows for more variety in the suspended ordnance, doubling the number of bombs or rockets, or allowing the use of Akans to combat air targets at the same time.

This mentality does not apply when using the RB 75, as this missile allows for much further distance when engaging. With over 20 km of launch range, the Maverick missile is able to stay out of the range of ground-based SAM equipment, while still engaging ground targets. The optimal strategy here is to gain altitude directly after spawning, trying to separate a great distance from the battlefield. A great way to check for optimal distance is watching the capture-point marker that tells distance, as it gives a rough estimate of your current range. When beyond 12 km, the average distance a SAM system can reach, a pilot can begin checking for targets on the ground through the sight. Once a target is acquired, turn back and repeat the process. Due to the limited armament, it can be quite handy to carry a second ordnance option or to simply climb near the airfield for quick rearming.

{{Notice|Remember to check for helicopters when using the Rb05A missile! The proximity fuze allows for them to be easily taken down.}}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful 30 mm guns in gun pods
* Excellent top speed, especially at lower altitudes
* Access to RB 75 air-to-ground missiles ([[AGM-65A]] equivalent)
* Access to RB24J ([[AIM-9P]] equivalent performance)
* Incredible manoeuvrability at all speeds
* Powerful radar
* Easy to land - Access to thrust reversing

'''Cons:'''

* Limited armament options - Only able to carry up to two weapon types, on four pylons
* Poor energy retention at lower speeds
* Countermeasures require weapon pylon, and cannot be equipped with cannons
* Only small bombs are available
* Limited burst mass and range on 30 mm Akan - Outclassed by 20 mm Vulcan
* Awkward cannon placement - Suspended gun pods are spread out and low mounted
* No radar missiles are available
* Afterburner drains fuel quickly (1:10 ratio)

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=saab_aj37 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|KCocfMGuCKw|'''AJ-37 Viggen: A Quick Review''' - ''Tims Variety''}}

== See also ==

'''Swedish Delta-winged Aircraft'''

* [[JA37C]] - Fighter variant of the {{PAGENAME}}
* [[J35D]]
* [[J35A]]

'''Comparable aircraft'''

* [[F-4 Phantom II (Family)]]
* [[Mirage III (Family)]]
* [[Jaguar (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/538755-aj-37/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Saab}}
{{Sweden jet aircraft}}

J32B

2022-10-21T17:47:57Z

U56824724: Rate of climb - AB (upgraded) 119.5 --> 119.6

{{About
|about=Swedish jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage=the other version
|link=A32A
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=saab_j32b
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_saab_j32b.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]].

The '''{{PAGENAME}}''' is a Swedish subsonic interceptor, combining excellent climb-rate and devastating firepower, both in terms of suspended and offensive armaments.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Saab {{PAGENAME}} Lansen is a powerful interceptor built for all-weather operations. Being the descendant of the earlier [[A32A]], this version focuses on air-to-air combat instead of its previous role as an air-to-ground platform. To achieve this, the {{PAGENAME}} received the new RM6A engine. This engine is a Swedish license-produced variant of the Avon 300, producing a staggering 6,810 kgf when engaged with full afterburner. This engine was originally developed for the [[Lightning F.6]]. This makes the {{PAGENAME}} a subsonic plane with a supersonic engine, resulting in incredible acceleration and energy retention. Staying fast and avoiding dogfights is the main advantage of the {{PAGENAME}}, as the airframe is relatively large and cumbersome, not really meant for aerial manoeuvres. However, a single pass is more than enough thanks to four centre-mounted Akan m/55 cannons, with a incredible 24 kg burst mass. The {{PAGENAME}} is also outfitted with four RB24 air-to-air missiles capable of killing enemies far beyond the plane's reach. This, combined with the incredible thrust, lets the '''{{PAGENAME}}''' decide when, and how to strike down opponents; a luxury most planes can only dream of.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,133 || 1,128 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 34.4 || 34.6 || 84.5 || 78.4 || rowspan="2" | 900
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,148 || 1,140 || 33.6 || 34.0 || 119.6 || 101.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 524 || 491 || 320 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 850 || < 650 || < 600 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Svenska Flygmotor RM6A || 1
| colspan="2" | 8,882 kg || colspan="3" | 312 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 9m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 32m fuel
|-
| 1,400 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
| 9,711 kg || 10,602 kg || 11,462 kg || 11,644 kg || 13,500 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 9m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 32m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 4,727 kgf || 6,807 kgf
| 0.70 || 0.64 || 0.59 || 0.58 || 0.50
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 4,727 kgf (0 km/h) || 7,212 kgf (1,160 km/h)
| 0.74 || 0.68 || 0.63 || 0.62 || 0.53
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
[[File:J32B_Armor_Protection.png|thumb|right|400px|Thickness of each armour section located in the {{PAGENAME}}.]]
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 5 mm steel plate - cockpit floor and spacer plate between frontal armour.
* 10 mm steel plate - behind the pilot and GIB's seats
* 15 mm steel plate - armour plates in front of the cockpit section
* 50 mm bulletproof glass - armoured canopy windscreen

The {{PAGENAME}} features good pilot protection. A 50 mm bulletproof screen, and plates surrounding the two pilots, reaching thickness levels of between 5 to 15 mm. These plates were originally meant to save the pilot from incoming ground-fire due to its earlier ground-attack purpose. Thanks to this excellent protection, as well as having two pilots instead of one, dying by a pilot knockout is highly unlikely in comparison to other fighters of the same rank. The {{PAGENAME}} is also survivable in terms of fuselage strength. A single pass rarely knocks it out immediately, and seems more on-par with the [[S.O.4050 Vautour IIA|Vautour IIA]] than other fighters at its rank. This strength can be attributed to the separated fuel-tanks, as well as the short engine (in relation to the fuselage). This high survivability makes the {{PAGENAME}} quite forgiving for making mistakes, as it usually isn't hard to return back to base for repairs. It is important, however, to avoid all damage possible, as even the slightest fuselage damage can heavily cripple the {{PAGENAME}}'s general flight performance. A badly damaged fuselage makes the {{PAGENAME}} unable to retain energy, keeping it away from its main advantage. The {{PAGENAME}} is also prone to catching fire. Although the fire is easily put out, the damage suffered is usually more than fatal.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Akan m/55 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 30 mm Akan m/55 cannons, nose-mounted (90 rpg = 360 total)

The {{PAGENAME}} is outfitted with four nose-mounted Akan m/55, which are Swedish-made versions of the popular ADEN cannon, found on British aircraft. Although sharing a similar mounting to the Hunter F.6, the Lansen fires almost 4 kg of extra burst mass, as the Swedish guns have a higher fire-rate. High burst-mass is generally a good thing, as it compensates for sloppier manoeuvres, where the plane gets less time on target. The {{PAGENAME}} doesn't really benefit from this upside, however, as the ammunition count is only 90 per gun, rounding the total up to a mere 360. This is almost half of what the Hunter offers, while still having a higher fire-rate. This forces the {{PAGENAME}} to be played with incredible trigger-patience, as any unnecessary moment of fire can cost half the magazine, highly limiting its match potential. This is hampered even further by the fact that none of the rounds in the belt have tracers, leading to an inability to accurately hit the target. This can be compensated for by equipping air-to-air missiles, which sacrifices a bit of mobility for the option to save ammunition.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|RB24|srak m/57B}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x RB24 missiles
* 38 x srak m/57B rockets
* 4 x RB24 missiles
* 2 x RB24 missiles + 38 x srak m/57B rockets

== Usage in battles ==


'''Basics'''

Being an interceptor by nature, staying fast remains a priority above anything else. In order to achieve this, the {{PAGENAME}} likes to avoid strong aerial manoeuvres by keeping altitude and utilizing boom & zoom tactics. For a new pilot, especially one coming from the [[J29D]] or [[J29F]], the luxury of an afterburner shouldn't be much of a surprise. The {{PAGENAME}} keeps speed much better than the afterburning Tunnan, while still offering high firepower and vertical energy to boot. This compensates for the sluggish performance the plane shows in aerial combat. A newer pilot should stick to altitude, as the higher areas of the map are sometimes inaccessible by other enemies. It's still important to locate enemies with the same strengths as the {{PAGENAME}}. These include the [[Hunter FGA.9]], [[F-100A (China)|F-100A]], [[Shenyang F-5]], and the [[F3H-2]], among many others. These, along with all other missile-carrying fighters, will make flying the {{PAGENAME}} a pilots nightmare. The subsonic fighters at lower battle ratings are easy to fend off, requiring mostly speed and slight banking manoeuvres. But the planes placed between 9.0-9.7 pose as a strong counter to the {{PAGENAME}}, as they force it to manoeuvre. Do not fly straight when enemies attack you from behind. Flying straight ensures that anyone behind you has a chance to shoot you down. Even if the {{PAGENAME}} handles like a bus, it's always worth trying to avoid any damage possible, as it will only lower your chances of survival.

'''Landing'''

One of the larger difficulties with the {{PAGENAME}} is landing. The {{PAGENAME}} is very good at staying fast, even without engine thrust. With a slow turn-rate, slowing down becomes even harder. Although the airbrake on the {{PAGENAME}} isn't very large in comparison to other transonic fighters, it does still work, giving the plane some extra deceleration. When below ~500 km/h, the {{PAGENAME}} can deploy its Fowler-design flaps, which cause intense drag, slowing the plane down to much more manageable speeds. The landing approach should be done at around 300 km/h to prevent landing flaps from ripping. This speed should be higher if the plane is out of fuel, as staying at 300 km/h has to be done with the help of some engine throttle. If the {{PAGENAME}} approaches below 300 km/h without an engine, the plane won't be able to nose up before touchdown, due to the bad stall-speed of around 200 km/h. When the {{PAGENAME}} has finally touched the landing strip, it's important to keep holding brakes, as the {{PAGENAME}} needs as much runway as possible. If the {{PAGENAME}} is approaching the end of the runway, the {{PAGENAME}} can emergency drift by using full rudder below 100 km/h. Although this may result in a broken wing, it's usually better than overshooting the landing strip.

'''Aggressive playstyle'''

A {{PAGENAME}} pilot comfortable with trigger patience, aerial manoeuvrability, and central awareness can slowly attempt to push the {{PAGENAME}} to its limits. The {{PAGENAME}}, especially when spaded, shows incredible and almost unmatched energy retention even at higher tiers. Combined with a weak turn radius and strong acceleration, the {{PAGENAME}} can easily throw itself into any engagement, choosing to disengage whenever it pleases. This mentality can be further enhanced by making the aircraft as light as possible, taking only 20 minutes of fuel, and sometimes disregarding suspended armaments entirely. With spaded performance and minimal weight, the {{PAGENAME}} will stay above 1,100 km/h no matter the aerial manoeuvre, giving it the ability to escape no matter what's behind it. This also mitigates the sidewinder issue the {{PAGENAME}} suffers from. When the {{PAGENAME}} has the ability to continuously turn without losing speed, nobody will have the ability to achieve a perfect lock-on state. A {{PAGENAME}} pilot still needs to be aware of incoming gunfire since cutting this turn can be easily achieved. This can be easily improved on by shifting direction every once in a while, making the chasing opponent lose speed in the process. When combined with some training, The {{PAGENAME}} turns into a unbeatable defensive flyer compared to the usual cannon-fodder experience. It is worth noting that this playstyle is incredibly challenging for inexperienced {{PAGENAME}} pilots, as it requires incredible trigger patience and G-load awareness. Anyone looking to play this aggressive approach can always go for less drastic changes, by still taking suspended armaments, or only focusing slow opponents.

'''Dealing with Supersonic Aircraft'''

As the {{PAGENAME}} sits at the very edge of the transonic era, it's no surprise the vehicle faces off opponents far more advanced and powerful. When the {{PAGENAME}} is the fastest plane in a match, it's quite common to play passively and safe, as nobody has the ability to reach it. But as the {{PAGENAME}} goes head-to-head with an [[F-4E Phantom II|F-4E]], the Lansen stands no chance of getting away. The general goal becomes to avoid cannon fire and incoming missiles, which can be best achieved by staying low on the deck, cruising at maximum speed. If engaged with an enemy, the {{PAGENAME}} should go back to the primary objective of retaining speed and energy while still pulling as hard as possible. The playstyle doesn't change a lot from the aggressive one, as the Rb24 missiles become even more dead weight than before, and lasting longer than 20 minutes is more of an miracle than a expectation. One overlooked detail is how the {{PAGENAME}} now turns better in comparison, as fully loaded Phantom and MiG-21s struggle to keep with it. Heavy [[F-4EJ Phantom II|F-4EJ]]'s need to dump tons of speed to even marginally cut the turning radius of the {{PAGENAME}}. This can be exploited by a veteran pilot, as this opens up opportunities to energy-trap and finish off the cumbersome phantom. the more lightweight deltas such as the MiG-21 and Mirage meet different fates, as they easily cut the turn from the start, forcing the {{PAGENAME}} to manoeuvre. However, as the {{PAGENAME}} doesn't lose energy compared to the aggressor, it can easily keep turning until the enemy runs out of speed to follow up with, allowing the {{PAGENAME}} to swoop in for a finishing blow.

Some small advice would be to avoid other transonic/slower supersonic planes, as they will gravitate to using the same tactic as the {{PAGENAME}}, but with greater success. Planes like the [[MiG-19S (Germany)|MiG-19S]], [[MiG-19PT]], and the [[Q-5 early|Q-5]] all excel at retaining speed like the Lansen, making it impossible to shake them off. If the {{PAGENAME}} comes across a dire situation where several opponents are behind it, it's important to keep turning no matter what! Opponents behind the {{PAGENAME}} get a guaranteed kill if the plane flies directly straight, as it allows their Sidewinders to lead properly. A continuously turning {{PAGENAME}} is almost impossible to missile from directly behind.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent top speed - outruns most subsonic opponents
* 4 x 30 mm Akan m/55 - incredible burst mass and damage
* 4 x RB24 air-to-air missiles - highly potent missiles against adversaries
* Powerful afterburning engine - excellent acceleration & energy retention
* Integrated radar
* Above-average roll-rate
* Resistant to high-G manoeuvres (up to 10Gs)
* Decent pilot protection & airframe endurance
* Fowler flap design - provides excellent lift at low speeds

'''Cons:'''

* Mediocre manoeuvrability, almost every opponent it faces can out-manoeuvre it
* Difficult to land - landing flaps rip at 300 km/h
* Very inefficient airbrake design - requires high angle-of-attack or aggressive banking to slow down
* Large target: easy to hit
* High rate of fire: ammunition will deplete very quickly, trigger control required

* Lacks access to tracer munitions
* Wings rip very easily without the wing repair modification

== History ==

In the year 1948, SAAB started to develop a new type of multi purpose aircraft with capabilities such as a strike-fighter, interceptor or reconnaissance aircraft. The project was called P1150 and had the intent to replace the B18, J21A, A21R and the J30 aircraft. After some testing, a swept wing design typical for the time period was decided upon. After some testing with a Swedish jet engine design called the Dovern, it was decided that the engine lacked the desired power so a swap to the British Rolls-Royce Avon Mk.21 engine was decided upon due to its ability to produce more power without its afterburner on than the Dovern could even with the afterburner engaged. The airplane was designated the Saab 32 Lansen and flew for the first time in November 1952 with Bengt Olow as pilot.

A total of 447 aircraft were delivered to the Swedish Air Force from 1955 until 1960. These were modified and renovated until its retirement in 1997. A total of 10 variants were in service, including the prototype P1150.

=== [[wt:en/news/6519-development-j32-lansen-flying-lance-en|Devblog]] ===
Sweden has always been aware of current trends in military aviation. When all the leading military producers realized the undoubted superiority of jet engined aviation over piston aircraft, Sweden also began developing its own aircraft with a new type of engine. The project for the new combat aircraft was conceived as a replacement for light bombers and ground attackers from the WWII period, so the project started as an attack fighter. Since the production technology of proprietary engines in Sweden did not develop as fast as needed, the first aircraft of the Type 32 project were equipped with licensed copies of the British Avon engine with a Swedish afterburner. The jet strike aircraft under the A32 A designation was mass-produced in Sweden from 1955 to 1958, and was a completely modern combat aircraft of this class. The aircraft was equipped with a quick-fire battery of course weapons of four 20 mm guns at the front of the fuselage. As it should be a ground attack aircraft, the A32 A Lansen featured a rich arsenal of outboard weapons distributed over 12 suspension points under the wing: various bombs (up to 600 kg each), up to 24 unguided rockets of various calibres, including 12 anti-ship APHE missiles, or a couple of anti-ship Rb04 guided missiles with an active radar homing system.

At the same time, a fighter-interceptor version of the Lansen was being developed, the first such aircraft took to the sky in January of 1957. The J32B fighter was noticeably different from its attack aircraft sister, primarily with a more powerful engine and specific weapons. The power plant here was also a licensed copy - this time the Avon Mk.47A engine with a Swedish afterburner, which was capable of delivering 2,000 kg more thrust compared to the A32 A engine. The new engine also required geometrical and design changes in the air intakes and the jet nozzle. The interceptor received more powerful course armament - four 30 mm cannons, copies of the British Aden. There are only four suspension points for further armament, but there is a possibility of installing air-to-air missiles - the US made AIM-9B Sidewinder. However, to work on ground targets, a fighter could also take rockets into battle. The Swedish Air Force ordered 120 of the J32B, this model remained in service until 1973, along with more modern supersonic fighters.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=saab_j32b Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:J32B WTWallpaper 001.jpg|
File:J32B WTWallpaper 003.jpg|
File:J32B WTWallpaper 004.jpg|
File:J32B WTWallpaper 005.jpg|
File:J32B WTWallpaper 006.jpg|
File:J32B WTWallpaper 007.jpg|
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|6yUrv5UsiXU|'''The Shooting Range #183''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:32 discusses the J.32B.}}

== See also ==


* [[A32A]] - Attack variant of the same aircraft

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6519-development-j32-lansen-flying-lance-en|[Devblog] J32 Lansen: Flying Lance]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/474728-j-32b-lansen/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Saab}}
{{Sweden jet aircraft}}

JA37C

2022-10-21T17:40:41Z

U56824724:

{{About
| about = Swedish jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = SAAB 37 Viggen (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=saab_ja37
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_saab_ja37.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Direct Hit"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 9,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,923 || 1,874 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 26.1 || 26.4 || 168.4 || 158.8 || rowspan="2" | 900
|-
! Upgraded
| 2,061 || 1,997 || 23.9 || 25.0 || 233.7 || 199.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,536  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || 400 || ~12 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 865 || < 700 || < 520 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Svenska Flygmotor RM8B || 1
| colspan="3" | 12,315 kg || colspan="3" | 364 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 15m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 50m fuel
|-
| 2,350 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning low-bypass turbofan
| 13,641 kg || 14,080 kg || 14,963 kg || 16,287 kg || 16,735 kg || 19,000 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 15m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 50m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 6,585 kgf || 11,025 kgf
| 0.81 || 0.78 || 0.74 || 0.68 || 0.66 || 0.58
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 6,585 kgf (0 km/h) || 15,990 kgf (1,250 km/h)
| 1.17 || 1.14 || 1.07 || 0.98 || 0.96 || 0.84
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The JA37C, being primarily a fighter-interceptor, is not equipped with any armour plating. Fuel tanks comprise much of the fuselage and wing area, and a fire will usually mean death. The elevons on the wing handle both elevator pitch and roll, so losing even 1 will make the plane nearly uncontrollable. Avoid damage at all costs, as even a damaged non-critical component will likely cause drag, making flight performance worse. As with most top tier fighters, it becomes much more challenging to fly with even a slight amount of damage compared to lower tier planes.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Cross}} || {{Cross}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Akan m/75 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** 1 x 30 mm Akan m/75 cannon, belly-mounted (150 rpg)
** 1 x 30 mm Akan m/75 cannon + 48 x large calibre countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|RB24|RB24J|RB71|psrak m/70}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance presets:

* Without load
* 2 x RB24J missiles
* 6 x RB24 missiles
* 6 x RB24J missiles
* 2 x RB71 missiles
* 24 x psrak m/70 rockets

==== Custom loadout options ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="7%" | 1 !! width="7%" | 2 !! width="7%" | 3 !! width="7%" | 4 !! width="7%" | 5 !! width="7%" | 6
| rowspan="5" width="20%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! psrak m/70 rockets
| || 6 || 6 || 6 || 6 ||
|-
! RB24 missiles
| 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! RB24J missiles
| 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! RB71 missiles
| || 1 || || || 1 ||
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The Viggen is a simple and effective plane to use in realistic battles. You will notice on take-off it is a bit sluggish and won't accelerate very well, as it is heavy, but once you're above 700 km/h the thrust and aerodynamics help you accelerate better from here. The Viggen performs better compared to most fighters at lower altitudes (3,000 m and below) in terms of manoeuvrability and top speed. Taking advantage of your top speed, Pulse-Doppler radar and Skyflash missiles, you can be aggressive and hit the battle early and at low level to take out any attackers using your useful radar set with your SARH missiles.

If you want to be more conservative, you can hang with your team and go around the side. The Viggen has very high rip speeds, getting some altitude and coming into the fight at a supersonic dive can be very effective if you maintain your speed trying to find targets for your Skyflash missiles. If in a head-on, the Skyflash can hit targets about 6 km away at sea level if they don't change direction. It is usually very effective and hard to dodge the agile Skyflash if launched in a head-on at around 3km. The motor will still be burning and your missile will maintain energy to the target. If in Pulse-Doppler mode, the radar will no longer track a target if it starts to turn at a 90 degree angle (this is called beaming). The radar will lose lock and the missile will be unable to track if this happens. If you have enough time, you can potentially switch to the AIM-9J to try to get a lock behind the target from here, though keep in mind your enemy's countermeasures. In a last resort, you can use the gun, essentially an Aden, it hits hard, but it is very hard to aim due to its placement (under the fuselage) and the lack of tracers.

Try to stay out of any extended dogfight, especially if your opponent has any support. Though it is considerably manoeuvrable at all speeds, the Viggen won't do well in any dogfight with sustained turns, as it will just bleed too much energy and being too slow is almost certainly fatal. It is heavy, slow to accelerate and a big target. So get fast, and stay fast. Bringing a full tank of fuel is generally recommended as the Viggen's afterburner uses incredible amounts of fuel, though the engine is quite strong in a climb.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High top speed of mach 1.21 at sea level
* Competitive turning rate
* Agile with responsive elevons at higher speeds and a large rudder
* Moderately heavy air-to-air payload; able to carry up to six under-wing missiles and has an internally mounted 30mm cannon
* Can carry a respectable amount of countermeasures
* Comfortable to land thanks to a low stall speed, strong landing gear, and the ability to reverse the engine's thrust
* Potent radar set with access to both Pulse-Doppler and track-while-scan modes, with a lengthy search range
* Access to the deadly [[RB71]] semi-active radar missile which can out-turn the RB24J's on paper

'''Cons:'''

* Extremely poor energy retention during sustained turns, only made worse by its acceleration at low speeds
* Fuel-thirsty afterburner
* Lackluster performance at mid-to-low subsonic speeds and mediocre acceleration
* Weak airbrakes
* Low ammo count for the 30mm cannon, which also completely lacks tracers in any of it's belts
* Unconventional flaps which are mostly only useful during landings

== History ==

'''Background'''

During the 1960s, advances in technology occurred rapidly alongside the aviation industry, paving the way for more complex and capable designs. In order to keep up with the rest of the industry, SAAB had to develop aircraft at a constant pace, often coming up with replacements before the predecessor had even entered service. The SAAB Viggen was sought to be the replacement for the A32A and was being considered as early as 1952. The decision of whether to make a fighter or attacker design continued for years. By the end of the '50s, project 1500 started to show potential, with a delta wing design capable of performing multiple roles through different versions. The wing design would allow for short-distance take-off and landings, following the BAS60 roadbase system requirements. These also included all-weather capability and full coverage of the 2,000 km Swedish coastline.

The 37-1 prototype took to the skies in February of 1967. The design still had to go through extensive modifying before the plane could reach the production line. The canards were angled, the wing adjusted, and the fuselage bent slightly. Much of the unorthodox appearance of the Viggen arrived from the extensive testing done on the first prototypes. When finalized, an order of AJ37 Viggens was handed over to F7 Skaraborg, becoming the first division utilizing the aircraft.

'''JA37'''
[[File:JA37 Prototype.jpg|thumb|333x333px|JA37 Prototype airborne, carrying Rb71 Skyflash missiles.]]
With the Viggen successfully replacing ageing attack and reconnaissance aircraft, the focus shifted towards the replacement of the J35 Draken. This required extensive modifying of the Viggen as a whole, as the requirements for an interceptor wouldn't be met with the powerplant and avionics used in the already existing variants. The project was extensive, redesigning most areas of the plane to fit these specifications. SAAB had to fit an internal gun, an air-to-air radar, and a new flight computer which allowed a real-time data-feed between ground stations and flight groups. One of the more complicated adjustments was the powerplant, where the engineers had to install an additional fan stage. This helped counteract the compressor stall the RM8 engine often experienced at high angles of attack, allowing the JA37 to dogfight more comfortably. These modifications were expensive, exceeding the set budget several times. But SAAB pressed on with the design until the version was fully developed.

The first completed JA37 flew on November 4th, 1977. The first service variants were delivered to F13 Bråvalla in June of 1980, while F17 Blekinge and F21 Luleå received theirs in 1981 and 1982 respectively. The JA37 would go on to be the most produced variant of the Viggen, with 147 aircraft delivered between eight different divisions. The JA37 was highly appreciated by those who flew it, and saw many modifications that extended its lifespan.

'''JA37C'''

As the 80s came to an end, the Viggen platform began to require an overhaul to bring the capabilities closer to that of other countries. The Gripen project was still years away from being completed, so an upgrade program began that would involve all JA37 in continued service being upgraded to the JA37C standard. This package introduced countermeasures, and a new signal processor, allowing the radar to track more efficiently against enemy jamming. The radar could now follow multiple targets simultaneously and also display virtual targets to enhance pilot training. This variant of the JA37 would see use up until the end of the decade, still being a capable platform for its time.

=== [[wt:en/news/7304-development-perfect-interceptor-ja37c-jaktviggen-and-premium-j35a-draken-en|Devblog]] ===
The requirements for a new aircraft with very high performance to replace the SAAB 35 Draken emerged in the early 1960s. In 1962, the design team of the SAAB company prepared a draft design of the SAAB 37 aircraft, built according to an exotic double delta wing. The project seemed interesting for military authorities , and SAAB received funding to fully develop a new fighter in four basic configurations. The last and most advanced version was the SAAB JA37 Jaktviggen fighter-interceptor, the development of which continued until the mid-1970s, which was associated with the improvement of the engine and the development of modern electronic equipment. The first flight of the experimental JA37 interceptor fighter took place in June 1974, and in 1979 the fighter began to be supplied for service. Until 1990, 149 JA37 Jaktviggen units were produced. The specific appearance made the aircraft of the J37 family a "calling card" of the Royal Swedish Air Force for a long time.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=saab_ja37 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|hi_oRpH0stM|'''The Shooting Range #271''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 01:07 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7304-development-perfect-interceptor-ja37c-jaktviggen-and-premium-j35a-draken-en|[Devblog] Perfect interceptor JA37C Jaktviggen and Premium J35A Draken]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/534245-viggen-ja-37/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Saab}}
{{Sweden jet aircraft}}