War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

AS-20 Nord

2023-04-16T13:43:16Z

U55894676:

== Description ==

[[File:WeaponImage AS-20 Nord.png|thumb|left|420px|The AS-20 missile (scale is approximate)]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{PAGENAME}}''' is a French manually-guided air-to-surface missile, it was introduced in [[Update 1.87 "Locked On"]]. Holding a heavy explosive payload, the air-launched nature of the missile allows player to fire the explosive power right onto the roof of ground vehicle.

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===


* {{Specs-Link|etndard_4m}}
* {{Specs-Link|f-104g}}
* {{Specs-Link|fiat_g91_r1}}
* {{Specs-Link|fiat_g91_r3}}
* {{Specs-Link|fiat_g91_r4}}
* {{Specs-Link|fiat_g91_r4_german}}
* {{Specs-Link|so_4050_vautour_2n}}
* {{Specs-Link|md_460}}

== General info ==

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Missile characteristics
|-
! rowspan="1" data-sort-type="text" | Missile
! rowspan="1" | Mass (kg)
! rowspan="1" | Guidance
! rowspan="1" | Maximum speed (M)
! rowspan="1" | Firing range (km)
! rowspan="1" | Missile guidance time (s)
! rowspan="1" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (kg)
|-
| AS-20 Nord || 143 || Manual (MCLOS) || 1.7 || 8 || 30 || 15.85
|-
|}

=== Effective damage ===

The AS-20 Nord has the capability of penetrating 64 mm of armour from any distance and angle of attack.
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" |Distance
! colspan="3" |Angle of attack
|-
! 0° !! 30° !! 60°
|-
|'''10 m''' || 64 mm || 64 mm || 64 mm
|-
|'''100 m''' || 64 mm || 64 mm || 64 mm
|-
|'''500 m''' || 64 mm || 64 mm || 64 mm
|-
|'''1,000 m''' || 64 mm || 64 mm || 64 mm
|-
|'''1,500 m''' || 64 mm || 64 mm || 64 mm
|-
|'''2,000 m''' || 64 mm || 64 mm || 64 mm
|}

=== Comparison with analogues ===
''Give a comparative description of missiles that have firepower equal to this weapon.''

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe situations when you would utilise this missile in-game (vehicle, pillbox, base, etc)''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent penetration of 64mm

'''Cons:'''

* Slow compared to other AGMs such as the Bullpup (AGM-12)
* Extremely low explosive mass of only 15kg TNT equivalent, needs a direct hit even on light tanks and can struggle to kill well armored vehicles at all

== History ==
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the article about the variant of the weapon;''
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Missiles}}

[[Category:Suspended armaments]]

Class 3 (P)

2021-05-07T20:11:51Z

U55894676:

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_th_800_bismark
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=items_Class 3 (P) (Germany)
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} German light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Hot Tracks"]] as a reward for the [[wt:en/news/6981-special-operation-w-i-n-t-e-r-en|2020 Operation W.I.N.T.E.R.]] event.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

[[File:Class 3 inner spall shields.png|thumb|350x350px|As seen here, the frontal plate has double spall shields divided by a 200 mm air spacing.]]
[[File:Class 3 inner turrer spall shields.png|thumb|As seen here, the turret mantlet, front and sides all have double spall shields separated by an 80 mm air spacing]]
Due to the massive size of the Class 3, it is able to withstand high calibre ammunitions due to the poor armour as it will not create enough spalling when penetrated. The crew spacing as well as the interior spacing makes it one of the hardest wheeled vehicles to destroy in the game with only kinetic energy (KE) penetrators (APDS, APFSDS, etc etc). Centre of mass shots from the front with KE shells will often take the driver and set the engine on fire, but due to the turret crew being elevated, they are most likely to survive, meaning the turret is operational ready to engage any enemy threats. Chemical energy (CE) penetrators are a tricky topic when it comes to the frontal armour. Depending on the ammunition used an the impact angle, the Class 3 will be able to withstand the impact or not. CE rounds are most likely to penetrate and be partially or fully stopped thanks to the inner spall shields at a perpendicular angle but will knock out the driver and disable or damage engine as well as igniting the ammo rack. This changes when ATGMs take a play in engagements, they will often create much more spalling than tank-fired HEAT rounds as the calibre is higher (meaning a greater explosive mass) and will cause hullbreak if hit from the sides or if the ATGM spall goes all the way from the front to the back while penetrating the sides. For this same reason it is recommended to only carry ~24-26 rounds in the vehicle as it will empty most of the hull ammo racks but still keep the ready racks full in the turret. The armour is not to be relied on unless there are specific enemies (T-54's for example) as most of them will always penetrate your hull. The Class 3 is immune to autocannon fire from the front and hull upper half sides and turret sides due to the spaced armour. This is an advantage compared to the rest of wheeled light armoured vehicles in which 20 mm and 30 mm autocannons often penetrate and knock out crew and inner components.

Having spall shields bring multiple benefits against both CE and KE.

''Against KE:''

The air gap between plates not only reduces and scatters the shrapnel in a flatter surface so that the penetrating remains are less but they also reduce the speed and penetration of small calibre fire (below 40 mm), meaning they will not penetrate the second plate (below 30 mm) or will reduce the amount of shrapnel generated (above 30 mm). They also prematurely detonate APCBC shells and reduce the shrapnel generated. Due to this, all APCBC and APHE fuses will be activated which can be lethal in calibres higher than 76 mm even with the spall shields depending on where the round hits at.

''Against CE:''

Any part of the vehicle is susceptible to hull break if hit in the correct way, but often players will fire at centre of mass in which hull break is almost nullified. When a round is fired at the centre of mass frontally, the double plate armour will not only reduce the shrapnel but it is able to fully stop it, specially if said threat has a relative low explosive mass despite the armour penetration (PG-9 for example found on the [[BMP-1 (Family)|BMP-1]]). When fired at the turret it may vary as it totally depends on the firing angle. A perpendicular hit to the turret will be lethal but an angled hit will often deviate the shrapnel which may damage or destroy modules but will keep the vehicle operational. Due to its huge height, the enemies that fire at turret will have a more angled hit, meaning that most of the shrapnel will be launched towards the roof and not to the crew compartment, this can take one or two crew members depending on the hit.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* High hardness rolled armour

'''''Super structure armour'''''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 30 mm glacis (76°)
29 mm lower frontal plate (20°)
| 20 mm ''Top'' 20 mm ''Bottom'' || 20 mm || 10 mm
|-
| Turret || 38 mm ''Turret front'' 80 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 16 mm || 20 mm || 10 mm
|-
| Cupola || 10 mm || 10 mm || 10 mm || 10 mm
|-
|}

'''''Inner spall shields'''''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear
|-
| Hull || 200 mm air
38 mm second lower frontal plate (20°)
| 10 mm air
30 mm upper half plate
| 5 mm
|-
| Turret || 84 mm turret front first plate
80 mm air 38 mm turret front second plate 80 mm ''Gun mantlet''
| 30 mm turret side first plate
120 mm air 16 mm turret side second plate
| N/A
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension is 10 mm thick
* Wheels are 10 mm thick

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

Despite the tremendous size and mass, the Class 3 is almost as fast as the [[Radkampfwagen 90|Radkampfwagen]]. The 8 wheels give it an almost perfect cross-country capability with exception of mud, snow and deep sand. Acceleration wise, it takes time to make the Class 3 move if on a non urban environment or at an angle due to the mass. It has traction on the 8 wheels, meaning it is able to move even if only a pairs of wheels are touching the ground. As expected, due to the length, the turn radius is huge and it requires a big surface to be abe to make a 180° turn. Besides the length and height, the Class 3 is tremendously fast for a vehicle its size, specially if it is on urban environment. It is able to reach speeds of 80 km/h even on dirt. This not only makes the Class 3 a fearful tough to crack behemoth but also a flanking and "Hit N' Run" behemoth. Thanks to the stabilizer, the Class 3 is able to fire at enemy targets while on top speed, this requires practice but a handled commander will be able to achieve so.

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,116|rbMinHp=695}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
The Class 3 has a GT-3 105mm rifled bore main gun, it shares the same ballistics as the L7A3 the [[Leopard 1 (Family)|Leopard]] family share with the exact same ammunition. Thus, there should be no hard enough threat to kill, specially if DM33 is being used with its potent 408mm of penetration.

=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|GT-3 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[GT-3 (105 mm)|105 mm GT-3]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 54 || rowspan="2" | -8°/+15° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane ||22.0||30.5||37.0||40.9||43.5|| rowspan="2" |8.71|| rowspan="2" |7.70|| rowspan="2" |7.10|| rowspan="2" |6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
|14.9||17.5||21.3||23.5||25.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| DM12 || HEATFS || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400
|-
| DM502 || HESH || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127
|-
| DM23 || APFSDS || 337 || 335 || 330 || 322 || 314 || 306
|-
| DM33 || APFSDS || 408 || 405 || 398 || 389 || 379 || 370
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| DM12 || HEATFS || 1,173 || 10.5 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,270 || 65° || 72° || 77°
|-
| DM502 || HESH || 732 || 14.85 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 4,310 || 73° || 77° || 80°
|-
| DM23 || APFSDS || 1,455 || 3.79 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
| DM33 || APFSDS || 1,455 || 3.79 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''54''' || 48 ''(+6)'' || 32 ''(+22)'' || 16 ''(+38)'' || 5 ''(+49)'' || 1 ''(+53)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* Racks 4 & 5 are first stage ammo racks. They total 15 shells and gets filled first when loading up the tank.
* These racks are also emptied early: the rack depletion order at full capacity is: 4 - 5 - 1 - 2 - 3.
* Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from racks 1-38 into racks 5 then 4. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready racks.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|Browning MG4 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Browning MG4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Browning MG4]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,000 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Pintle || 2,000 (250) || 500 || -8°/+20° || ±120°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The Class 3 is considered like a bigger Radkampfwagen. Due to its speed, it may be used in a flanking manner, being able to go around the enemy and surprise them where they do not expect. When flanking, it is recommended to use roads if possible, as the Class 3 is a wheeled vehicle, and rough terrain will slow it down. However, even off-road, the vehicle is still capable of speeds that are much higher than many other contemporary MBTs.

It may also be used in a playstyle of a fast MBT. While the hull of the Class 3 is weak and prone to hullbreak, the whole front of the vehicle has multiple well angled and very bouncy plates, both interior and exterior, which allows the turret and hull to sometimes take hits without damage, or even ricochet some shells. However, it is important to note that even though enemy shells have a chance of bouncing, it is best not to rely on this, and to use the vehicle's stabilizer and situational awareness to get the first shot off.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great top speed and good acceleration
* Lots of empty space, difficult to one shot without ammo racking
* Good gun, can deal with most enemies easily
* Good hull armor for a light tank, can frontally withstand most SPAA cannons as well as the guns of M3 Bradley and the BMP-2
* Turret is immune to every IFV and SPAA autocannon
* The length of the vehicle can cause APFSDS shrapnel created at the front of the tank to dissipate before it is able to reach the rear

'''Cons:'''

* Absolutely gigantic, size is on par with the Maus
* Because of its size it may have difficult traversing certain areas of maps, especially urban maps with lots of tight corners
* Mediocre gun depression of -8°

== History ==

The Henschel Wehrtechnik TH200, TH600 and TH800 were a series of armoured vehicles developed in Germany in the early '80s as test vehicles that could undertake a wide variety of combat roles. These vehicles have a hull of welded steel armour that provides guaranteed protection to low and high calibre machinegun fire but lacks protection against anti-tank weaponry. A series of 3 versions were done: The TH200 4x4, the TH600 6x6 and TH800 8x8. Each one of the variants had their own combat roles.

'''TH200'''

The smallest version of the platform, it was meant to be used as a reconnaissance vehicle as well as a mobile support vehicle, armoured personal carrier and weapon carrier. It could utilize a 90 mm Cockerill gun and turret. The combat weight was around 9,250 kg making it capable of being transported by heavy air lifters and also give it amphibious capabilities.

'''TH400'''

It was a test bed for a mobile gun system with a 105 mm cannon in a three man turret. A Rh L/44 120 mm cannon could also be added. The combat weight of this vehicle was augmented to 24,500 kg, making it loose considerably the options for air lifters as well as loosing completely the amphibious capabilities.

'''TH800'''

This version had a weight of 35,000 kg and could carry weapon systems with weight up to 13,000 kg, making it capable of carrying a heavier turret for both 105 mm and 120 mm cannons, anti-air systems for both 35 mm Oerlikon KDA autocannons and Surface-to-Air Missiles and 155 mm howitzers.

=== [[wt:en/news/7001-development-class-3-en|Devblog]] ===
Class 3 was the third and heaviest wheeled combat vehicle prototype to compete for the South African Army. When developing a heavy version of a wheeled tank, the designers were not limited by limits of weight or dimensions, therefore, in terms of weight, firepower and level of security, the Class 3 is a true wheeled tank. The competition commission opted for a lighter prototype, which later became the Rooikat 76 tank destroyer. The Class 3 prototype was exhibited at the Bloemfontein War Museum with a different turret.

== Media ==
[[File:Class 3(P) Explosion (1).jpg|none|thumb|450x450px|Class 3(P) hit by enemy fire.]]
<gallery mode="packed" caption="Class 3 (P) Devblog Images" heights="150">
File:Class 3 WTWallpaper 001.jpg|
File:Class 3 WTWallpaper 002.jpg|
File:Class 3 WTWallpaper 003.jpg|
File:Class 3 WTWallpaper 004.jpg|
</gallery>

== See also ==


* [[Rooikat 105]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7001-development-class-3-en|[Devblog] Class 3]]

{{Germany light tanks}}
{{Winter Event}}

[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

Me 262 A-1a

2021-04-07T22:38:15Z

U55894676:

{{About
| about = German jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = Me 262 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=me-262a-1a
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

[[File:Me262 intercepting B-29.png|thumbnail|left|The Schwalbe in its interceptor role. [http://live.warthunder.com/post/36378/ Historic camouflage] of the 2./KG51 'Edelweiß']]
This aircraft is a true heavy fighter in every way. Thus, the following is guaranteed: bomber "box formations" fall apart under your heavy rocket bombardments, flying fortresses perish within seconds by this machine's mighty claws, and the unusually low velocity of the German "sledgehammer" MK 108 cannons this aircraft wields will probably drive you insane.

The MK 108 has insane damage potential. With the second greatest in-game burst mass of 14.52 kg/s (32.01 lbs/s) and the great explosive warhead "Minengeschoss" (mine-shell), this weapon will vaporize aircraft, especially bombers. But every coin has a flip side and the "Sledgehammer" is no exception. The amazing rate of fire is exchanged with a very short barrel and small propellant charges, resulting in very bad ballistics. The MK 108 cannon fires the slowest shells with the greatest bullet drop in the game. Thus, the MK 108 makes no compromises, only excelling in the "extremes".

As you might guess, the MK 108 is a very bad anti-fighter weapon particularly in a jet to jet combat. Bullet drop and slow velocity result in a severe difficulty leading shots at ranges above 300 meters (350 yds). In dogfights where both aircraft are constantly turning and changing direction, this trait gets even worse. The high speeds of jet battle push the necessary lead for hitting the target farther in front of the enemy. Training with this weapon system in a custom battle against random enemies is heavily advised.

The MK 108 cannons have an ammo indicator in the cockpit, which is typical for Luftwaffe aircraft. It sits directly beneath the compass (the one with the little plane in the middle). The left white column is for the two top auto-cannons. The right one is for the bottom two cannons; this bar is also taller than the left one as the ammo count is different for the two pairs.

[[File:Cockpit_Me262.jpg|thumbnail|right|The Schwalbe's instrument panel.]]

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 824 || 796 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.0 || 30.0 || 16.0 || 14.9 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| 909|| 865 || 27.7 || 28.0 || 24.5 || 20.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 558 || 529 || 380 || ~10 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 600 || < 680 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Junkers Jumo 004B-1 || 2
| colspan="3" | 4,280 kg || colspan="3" | 287 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 16m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 53m fuel
|-
| 720 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 4,894 kg || 5,041 kg || 5,409 kg || 5,961 kg || 6,255 kg || 6,520 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 16m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 53m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 910 kgf || N/A
| 0.37 || 0.36 || 0.34 || 0.30 || 0.29 || 0.28
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 910 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.37 || 0.36 || 0.34 || 0.30 || 0.29 || 0.28
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 15 mm Steel - Behind the pilot
* 15 mm Steel - Pilot's headrest
* 15 mm Steel - Between cockpit and fore fuel tank
* 15 mm Steel - Instrument panel plate
* 16 mm Steel x 2 - Ammunition protection plates
* 90 mm Bulletproof glass
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 in front of pilot, 1 under pilot's feet, 2 behind pilot)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

The biggest issue of the Schwalbe is its bad acceleration across all speeds. Thus, ''Compressor'' and ''Engine'' upgrades have the highest priority. The cannons' stock belts are decent, but the high explosive content increases with the new ammo in ''Offensive 30 mm''. Including them into the upgrade route is not a bad idea. The same applies for the rockets in the ''R1 modification''. Being able to knock out bases (~40) or tanks (direct hit) with these warheads makes a long game much easier to win. ''New 30 mm cannons'' is an interesting upgrade choice as it increases accuracy above 300 meters (350 yds), but the MK 108 will still be unable to hit any at 500 meters (600 yds).

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MK 108 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 30 mm MK 108 cannons (2 x 100 RPG top + 2 x 80 RPG bottom = 360 total)

All four cannons are arranged in bundles of two mounted on the underside of the upper mounted in the nose of the aircraft. Two are outfitted with 100 RPG, while the other two have 30 RPG.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|R4M}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can externally outfit:

* 24 x 55 mm R4M rockets
* 48 x 55 mm R4M rockets

== Usage in battles ==


As a heavy fighter, the 'Schwalbe' is not nimble, but neither are other first-generation jets. Compared to them, the Me 262 is actually quite agile and possesses a speed, roll, and damage output advantage against certain adversaries.

However, don't be fooled - this aircraft was the first operational jet fighter. Generally, anything 3 years older than the 262 outclasses it. Against them, the 262's turn rate is your only advantage, with the exclusion of the Gloster Meteor. Avoid combat with Meteors if possible, however, if engaged with a Sea Meteor or any later variant, do not attempt to dive as it will only make your situation worse. Try alternating barrel rolls to force them to overshoot. Joystick users can try the classic trick of banking the aircraft about 120-180 degrees out of phase of the enemy aircraft with a positive G-load but as usual, they will need to watch their altitude carefully.

The 'Schwalbe' climb rate is actually not too bad as stock in 6.0-7.0 games but to climb well you need to be around 450 to 500 km/h for best climb rate which can be visually unappealing due to its low angle of climb. This in itself can be used to out-run and climb simultaneously as an advantage.

The Schwalbe has three main possible usages:

*'''Air-supremacy-fighter''':

''Find and destroy other fighters''. While the historic purpose of the Me 262 was a bomber interceptor, it performs well against other fighters. However, it must be played like a heavy fighter or, for instance, the Fw 190 series. Be careful and plan every step ahead, including your retreat and how you will regain lost energy. A standard attack looks like the following:

# Find a target already engaged in combat and busy or an enemy who is alone.
# Position yourself with either a speed or energy advantage in the enemy's blind-spot (where they would least expect you, attacking with the sun behind you is a good tactic).
# Proceed closer to the enemy aircraft with the energy advantage you hold.
# Launch a deadly surprise attack.
# Escape any other nearby enemies with a "zoom climb" or a continuation of the approach at your maximum speed.
# Once enough separation has been gained (3-5 km), regain energy by accelerating or climbing. Likewise, engaging a different target who has lower energy is an option.

These tactics are virtually the same as used by the Fw 190 series and also works on all early jets ([[Meteor F Mk 3|Meteor F 3]], [[F-80A-5|P-80]], [[MiG-9]], [[F2H-2|F2H]], [[Kikka]], [[R2Y2 Kai V1|R2Y2]]), etc. 
Against later jets, ([[Sea Meteor F Mk 3|Sea Meteor]], [[La-15]], [[F9F-2|F9F]]), it gets trickier as they can easily neglect any energy advantage you built up due to their superior acceleration. The approach suggested above will still work, but needs to be executed with even more caution. Having allies nearby to assist is also often mandatory in matches like these, as a single 262 bears little threat to Korean War jets. 
Against these superior foes, one of the 262's lesser strengths can be used - the turn rate. For '''a few''' turns, the Schwalbe will easily outmanoeuvre most Korean War jets, apart from the naval carrier jets like the [[F9F-2|F9F Panther]] and [[Sea Meteor F Mk 3|Seameteor]]. 

* '''Bomber interceptor''':

History's call. Seek and annihilate any heavy bombers with the impressive armament the Me 262 brings to the battlefield. Avoid getting shot at though! The 262's engines are weak and like to burn. If the engines catch on fire, throttle down and then shut off the engine (default "i") and go into a dive to gain speed. Rockets are also fun in this mode, as the Schwalbe has the option to carry up to 48 55 mm R4M rockets. Don't forget to set a detonation timer for the R4M missiles so they do not require direct hits. 600-800 meters is suggested.

*'''Ground attacker''':

Bad acceleration and a high stall speed - usually not the traits wielded by an attacker, but the Schwalbe as two very convincing arguments on its side: R4M rockets and bad [[Matchmaker|matchmaking]]. The 24 (48 seconds unlock) rockets can destroy light pillboxes, medium tanks and mini bases (~50 rocket impacts). Peculiar to note is the ability of the MK 108 to destroy light pillboxes. 60-80 shots are needed from a very low angle and from a short distance. Also, the Me 262 can get dragged up to games where it will face Korean War jets. One could try, as an experienced pilot, to get the best out of the situation. Those who are not as skilled at ground attacking still benefit the team; if the match starts to take longer, a ground victory becomes a viable option. The same applies if the last enemy is hiding and the tickets start to count down.

Going against other countries would bring out their jets. Other countries' first-generation jets include the [[F-80A-5]], [[Meteor_F_Mk 3|Meteor Mk. 3]], [[Vampire_FB 5|Vampire]], [[MiG-9]], [[Kikka]] and [[Yak-15]]. The Me 262 is the heaviest of them and thus reigns straight line kinetic energy retention at high speeds.

* '''Top speed''' goes to the [[F-80C-10|F-80]], followed by the MiG-9 and Meteor F.4. Not all is grim though! Both the Vampire and Yak-15 sit far at the end of the spectrum.
* The [[Sea_Meteor_F_Mk 3|Sea Meteor]] has the best '''acceleration''' in the horizontal, although it will break apart before it can reach its top speed. In the vertical, however, the weight and design of the Me 262 allow for the most rapid dive in this time era.
* '''Turn rate''': '''''Do not turn in jets!''''', or heavy fighters like in this case. Pure horizontal manoeuvres are reserved for emergency situations and should be avoided accordingly.

As such, the Me 262 is often lacking in certain traits compared to its BR contemporaries. Always try to get a drop on the opponent and catch them by surprise rather than a straight-up dogfight.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Heavy armament of 4 x 30 mm MK 108 cannons
* Powerful mine shells
* Decent agility

'''Cons:'''

* Bad acceleration
* Bad climb rate
* As with most Me 262s, the take-off run is relatively long
* Exposed and fragile engines, very prone to fires and oil leaks
* Very bad aircraft gun ballistics: very low muzzle velocity and a lot of drag, hitting a manoeuvring target beyond 500 m is nearly impossible
* Cannons have very small ammo count, requires trigger discipline
* Cannons are inaccurate
* Tends to "flip about" after doing vertical manoeuvres
* Unusually high wing angle of attack is required for level flight at most speed ranges so aircraft tends to bleed energy easier when turning
* Fuel feed cuts off if flying with inverted G-loads for an extended period of time

== History ==


=== In-game description ===
The Messerschmitt Me 262 was a German jet fighter, fast bomber and reconnaissance aircraft of the WWII era. It was the world's first mass-produced jet fighter and the first jet aircraft to see combat. The first serial variant, the Me 262 A-1a, unofficially known as 'Schwalbe', arrived for flight testing in Lechfeld in July 1944. The construction used generic alloys, was almost fully riveted and its weight was rather high, all for the sake of ease of mass production. The Jumo 004B-1 jet engine (later B-2 and B-3) also housed a 2-stroke Riedel motorcycle engine, used as a starter. Two small 17-liter fuel tanks were used to power the starter. The rest of the fuel was housed in the fuselage. Two main and two extra fuel tanks were used. Main tanks held 900 liters of fuel, the nose tank had 170 liters and the rear tank held 600 liters.

Radio equipment included the FuG 16ZY radio (later replaced with the FuG 15) and the FuG 25a IFF set. The 262 was armed with four 30mm MK 108 cannon with 100 rounds per gun for the top pair and 80 rounds per gun for the bottom pair. The pilot was protected by a 90mm armored glass and 15mm armored plating on the sides and back.

The Me 262 A-1 was easier to fly than the Bf 109G. Considering the great range of available airspeeds, the cockpit equipment was rather sparse. Although the turn radius for the jet fighter was significantly wider than that of a piston fighter, it could better retain high speeds in a turn. Its acceleration was much worse than that of a piston plane, but the Me 262 had an incredible dive rate, which could occasionally threaten going past Mach 1.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=germany&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=fighter&vehicle=me-262a-1a Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:FighterImage_Me262V1 frontal.jpg|First prototype was fitted with a Jumo 210 600 hp and a wooden propeller. This saved the test pilot on at least one occasion.
File:FighterImage_Me262v1 take off asymetrical.jpg|Asymmetrical jet engine test prototype
File:FighterImage Me262A-1.jpg|Me 262A "White 3" at the Dübendorf airfield in Switzerland
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|V77eUJjifzM|'''The Me-262 family''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 1:26 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|hgi1k_ljFYw|'''The Shooting Range #14''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 06:16 discusses the Me 262 and the Kikka.|bxalaBFUfb8|'''The Shooting Range #174''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:45 discusses the Me 262 "Schwalbe".|Spx654gP4Ac|'''{{PAGENAME}} [Brutal Schwalbe]''' - ''Jengar''|6Xiqj1h2qrQ|'''AIR SHARK: The {{PAGENAME}}''' - ''MikeGoesBoom''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/320881-messerschmitt-me-262-a-1a-a-1au4/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer BFW}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

J6K1

2021-04-02T20:25:02Z

U55894676:

{{Specs-Card
|code=j6k1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=J6K1 (Japan)
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]] as the main pilot reward for the 2019 winter event [[wt:en/news/6521-special-operation-f-r-o-s-t-en|Operation F.R.O.S.T]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The J6K is a decent fighter.

Designed to intercept and destroy US B-29 formations (like most late war Japanese fighters), it has a 3 stage supercharger and heavy armament.

The aircraft is somewhat heavy and while the manouverabilty is still pretty good, the climbrate and speed are generally sub par to its counterpars (P-51H, Bearcats, F4U/F2G etc.).

For a Japanese aircraft the speed is good as they are generally quite slow.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 10,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 664 || 645 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 18.2 || 19.2 || 12.4 || 12.4 || rowspan="2" | 400
|-
! Upgraded
| 710 || 686 || 17.8 || 18 || 20 || 16
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 460 || 382 || 280 || ~12 || ~9
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 390 || < 390 || < 470 || > 324
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Compressor
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
! Setting 1
| 1,000 m || 2,000 hp || 2,190 hp
|-
! Setting 2
| 4,500 m || 1,785 hp || 1,955 hp
|-
! Setting 3
| 9,000 m || 1,578 hp || 1,728 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8 mm steel plate behind the pilot
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 underneath pilot, 1 behind previously mentioned fuel tank, 1 in each wing)

Befitting of a Japanese aircraft, it is quite susceptible to damage. Despite the wings being strong enough to hold up in high G manoeuvres, they are quite weak when taking battle damage, especially so when doing said manoeuvres. Fires are also quite deadly, which happen quite often due to the large amount of fuel tanks scattered about the aircraft.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Type 99 Model 2 (20 mm)|Type 3 (13.2 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 6 x 20 mm Type 99 Model 2 cannons, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 1,200 total)
* 2 x 13.2 mm Type 3 machine guns, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 400 total)

The J6K1 ''Jinpu'' is an ostensibly well-armed aircraft, boasting the most cannons of any Japanese aircraft. Although the [[Type 99 Model 2 (20 mm)|Type 99 Model 2]]'s lack the stopping power of the [[Type 5 (30 mm)|Type 5]]/[[Ho-155 (30 mm)|Ho-155]] 30mm cannon which can be found on multiple Japanese aircraft of the ranks IV and V, they can do the job well when aimed accurately. The Type 3 HMG's are also reasonable spotting weapons that have similar muzzle velocity to the 20 mm's and are quite accurate, allowing for easy follow-up shots. One should not rely on the HMG's as they deal negligible damage. Due to the considerable space between the cannons, it is recommended to set a convergence around 500m, depending on experienced you are with shooting these guns at higher ranges . Otherwise, you will only be hitting the target with your practically nonexistant 13mm HMGs.

Your belt setup should be either stealth or universal for all guns. However, universal for the cannons and stealth for the HMG's allow you to focus on tracking with the cannons, which helps with players who either are learning to or have trouble with aiming them.

The 20mm HEF round has more explosive filler than the HEF-I and HEF-T round!

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|Navy Type 97 Number 6 (60 kg)|Navy Type 98 Number 25 (250 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x 60 kg Navy Type 97 Number 6 bombs (240 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg Navy Type 98 Number 25 bombs (500 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==
The J6K1 can be thought of as a slightly heavier N1K2. This means your climb rate and turn rate have been nerfed somewhat. In the beginning of each battle you will need to sideclimb as the J6K's added weight makes the climb rate rather subpar against many of your opponents. It is reasonably manoeuvrable and beats every American aircraft spare the [[P-59A]] in RB, it is not enough to outturn highly manouverable planes like the Re 2005 or Spitfire LF Mk IX (though it will outturn the later and heavier Spits with clipped wings)

However, it holds specific advantages over all of these aircraft, which changes depending on which one it's engaging. Versus Merlin Spitfires it outspeeds them and destroys them at high altitude, versus Griffon Spitfires it can outmanoeuvre them and it's considerably faster than the Re.2005 and can deal quite a bit of damage with its large armament setup. The only exception to these are the Bf 109's, as your approach style will have to change depending on the variant of the Messerschmitt in question and if they are mounting gunpods or not. You can outmanoeuvre them when they mount the gunpods but you can't outspeed them. Ideally, you should Boom-&-Zoom 109's if you have an altitude advantage or try to head-on them but the latter poses a significant risk due to the lack of bulletproof glass on the J6K.

Speed and altitude are your best friends when piloting the ''Jinpu''. The Nakajima Homare 42 engine that powers the aircraft is tuned for high altitude combat, and is quite poor at altitudes below 2,000m, so altitudes around or above 4,000m are your ideal combat areas. Once you reach that altitude, start hunting for bombers and high flying attackers, then tear them to shreds with your impressive armament layout. If there are no bombers or they have all been destroyed, you are free to fly a more reserved high altitude energy fighter role versus other fighters. Be aware of the low absolute rip speed of 780 kmh/484 mph while diving on enemies!

==== Specific enemies worth noting: ====

* [[P-51H-5-NA]]. The last of the Mustangs is a fearsome opponent that can walk all over the J6K if given the chance. It's significantly quicker, is better at altitude, and climbs better. To top it off, it mounts a sextet of the unnaturally powerful Browning M2 .50 cals that can literally light an aircraft ablaze in a short burst. Fortunately, it's quite poor in an extended turning engagement as a result of its design focusing on high speed combat and has a very weak airframe. Attempt to force it to turn fight you and bleed all of its energy, but be sure to make effective use of combat flaps and rudder.
* [[F8F-1B]]. '''Bearcat.''' This one word strikes fear into the hearts of all opponents who hear it, and the ''Jinpu'' is no exception. The last single-engined fighter of the famed Grumman Cat series can both literally and figuratively destroy the J6K with its amazing speed, excellent armament, Near Focke-wulf roll rate, and brutal acceleration. It is the only aircraft the J6K can simply not deal with, so it should be avoided at all costs unless it is distracted. If one tries to force an engagement with you, immediately seek assistance from teammates. If there is no way you can escape, head-on the Bearcat and pull off at around 1.1 km. Try to start a turnfight with the enemy. Your superior turn time and slightly better manuvering energy retention will allow you to eventually bleed the Bearcat's speed and light him up. However, under no circumstance should you go vertical with the Bearcat unless you have superior energy.
* [[I-225]]. The white Russian menace is the king of high-altitude combat. It outspeeds you, outclimbs you and can easily light you on fire with its fast-firing quad setup of ShVAK's. However, it is very poor in a turning engagement and has an extremely weak airframe. Turn-fight then light it up.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 3 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Strong armament (use universal belt for 20mm, HEF round has more explosive filler than HEF-I and HEF-T)
* Decent turn
* Reasonably fast for a Japanese fighter, still sub par to the great majority of opponents (unless at very high altitude > 6000-7000m where you can outspeed low alt tuned aircraft like the F8F and Spitfire LF)
* Effective combat flaps and rudder
* Reasonable cockpit visibility despite a few bars

'''Cons:'''

* Fragile, only a small armor plate behind the pilots body
* Low rip speed
* Very bad climbrate, you cannot outclimb basically any of your opponents
* Bad acceleration
* Low speed, especially since it usually faces high performance or even superprops (P-51H, Griffon Spitfires, Yak-3U, A2D, F8F...) and jets

== History ==

The Kawanishi J6K ''Jinpu'' was a land-based interceptor fighter design finalized by the Kawanishi Aircraft Company in 1944. It was an improved version of the earlier discontinued Kawanishi J3K using a more powerful engine, the Nakajima Homare 42 radial engine, rather than the Mitsubishi MK9B.

;J3K

In early 1942, Kawanishi and its engineers were developing their first ever land-based fighter out of their own volition (which would later be known as the [[N1K (Family)|N1K-J ''Shiden (Kai)'']]). At the same time, the Navy approached Kawanishi with the ''{{Annotation|17-Shi|17th year of the Showa reign, 1942}} Fighter Plane'' plan. Instead of using their own N1K design for the contract, they decided to design a new land-based fighter from scratch instead.

While developing the plane, Kawanishi insisted on using the Nakajima Homare engine instead of the Mitsubishi Ha-43-21 (MK9) that the Navy demanded for (this wasn't the first time they would defy the Navy's orders as the same happend during the development of the [[N1K1]]). Kawanashi's reasoning was mainly production-related however as their own Homare engine was still in development and building an airframe without a complete engine would be stagnant.

Because of this and the already in development [[N1K (Family)|N1K-J ''Shiden (Kai)'']], Kawanishi opted to cancel the J3K project and with that the 17-shi in early 1943.

;J6K

After the J3K, the Nakajima NK9A Homare 42 was fully developed and Kawanishi restarted the designing of the J3K, now under the designation of J6K ''Jinpu''.

(Other J-designations went to: J3K, J4M ''Senden'', [[J5N1|J5N ''Tenrai'']]).

In June of 1944 a design was fully drawn up and ready to be put up to the test and a first airframe was to be built. There were 3 possible armaments for the plane which would be:

* 2 x 13.2 mm machine guns (nose), 4 x 20 mm cannons (wings)
* 2 x 13.2 mm machine guns (nose), 2 x 30 mm cannons (wings)
* 6 x 20 mm cannons (wings)

While a mock-up was being built, their homebrew of the [[N1K (Family)|N1K-J ''Shiden'']] within the Navy was successfully causing havoc among the Americans, reducing the need for the new aircraft.

During a private-venture meeting in May 1945, just before the end of the war, there would be plans to reconsider the plane for a high-altitude role, but these plans would be the last nail to the coffin, as there were plans to improve the [[A7M (Family)|A7M]] for this role instead.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=japan&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=fighter&vehicle=j6k1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:J6K1 Standard Green.png|Standard camouflage
File:J6K1 Experimental Camo.png|Experimental orange camouflage earned by getting 11x pilot stars in 2019 "Operation F.R.O.S.T."
</gallery>

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6521-special-operation-f-r-o-s-t-en|[Special<nowiki>]</nowiki> Operation F.R.O.S.T.]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/475165-j6k1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Kawanishi}}
{{Japan fighters}}
{{Japan premium aircraft}}
{{Winter Event}}

P-47D-28

2021-04-02T12:20:29Z

U55894676: Edited pros and cons

{{About
| about = American strike fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = P-47 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=p-47d-28
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_p-47d-28.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.33]].

The Thunderbolt was originally designed for high altitude bomber escort role, but due to limited range, it was not very successful in the European theatre of operations where it couldn't escort the bombers all the way to their target. The newer P-51B/C and later P-51D fitted with a Merlin engine turned out to be a much better long range, high altitude escort fighter, and the P-47 was relegated to other duties. Due to the Thunderbolt's large size and strong construction, the aircraft was well suited for carrying large amounts of air-to-ground ordnance and was often used in ground attack role against small targets that level bombers could not reliably hit, such as bridges.

In War Thunder, much like in real life, all Thunderbolt variants have tremendous potential as a high altitude fighter, but can also be used very effectively as ground attack aircraft, thanks to their impressive payload capacity. When fighting against enemy aircraft, boom and zoom tactics are a must, never try to dogfight with the 'Jug'. When diving on a target, if you don't secure the kill, don't try to turn and finish him, use the speed you built in the dive and climb up, circle around and do it all again. Don't be afraid to go head-on; you have a radial engine and 8 x .50 calibre machine guns.

Except for having a different propeller, and (as of patch 1.77) 70" HG of boost, there are very few differences between the [[P-47D-25|P-47D-'''25''']] and D-28. The D-25 uses a Hamilton Standard Hydromatic 13 ft. 7/8 in. diameter propeller, while the D-28 uses a Curtiss Electric "sleeved" propeller with 13 ft diameter. Despite a popular misconception that the D-28 uses a "paddle-blade" propeller whereas the D-25 doesn't, both were in fact called "paddle-blade" propellers and offered virtually identical performance. The origin of this misconception is that the early Thunderbolt variants used a smaller Curtiss Electric propeller with only 12 ft. 2 in. diameter, which proved insufficient for the R-2800 engine's power output. Larger propellers were needed to transform more engine power into thrust, giving the Thunderbolt a boost in climb rate and acceleration. These propellers were used starting from the Thunderbolt D-series manufacturing block 22 (P-47D-22) and the main distinction between these propellers was simply that aircraft manufactured on Republic's Evansville plant received the new Curtiss Electric propellers, while the Long Island manufacturing facility used Hamilton Standard propellers.

Compared to the D-25, the D-28 variant offers the M10 Bazookas as an additional armament option, although it's better to use the HVAR rockets as it is far more destructive than the bazookas.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 7,071 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 689 || 677 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 24.1 || 24.8 || 10.1 || 10.1 || rowspan="2" | 700
|-
! Upgraded
| 741 || 714 || 21.9 || 23.0 || 19.2 || 14.1
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 498 || 469 || 320 || ~13 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 402 || < 420 || < 470 || > 335
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 7,350 m ||2,390 hp||2,727 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


*9.5 mm Steel - Fore cockpit plate
*9.5 mm Steel - Armour plate behind Pilot's seat
*38 mm Bulletproof glass - Windshield

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Climb rate and acceleration is a big issue for the stock P-47D. Focus on ''Compressor'', ''Engine'', ''Wings repair'' and ''Engine injection'' first. During this performance focused grind, you can additionally research ''Offensive 12 mm'' and the various payload modules to unlock the higher tiers for the better performance upgrades.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 8 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, wing-mounted (425 rpg = 3,400 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|AN-M65A1 (1,000 lb)|HVAR|M8}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 1 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bomb (500 lb total)
* 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)
* 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs + 1 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bomb (2,500 lb total)
* 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs + 1 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bomb + 10 x HVAR rockets (2,500 lb total)
* 1 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bomb + 10 x HVAR rockets (500 lb total)
* 3 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs + 10 x HVAR rockets (1,500 lb total)
* 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs + 10 x HVAR rockets (2,000 lb total)
* 10 x HVAR rockets
* 6 x M8 rockets
* 2 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs + 6 x M8 rockets (1,000 lb total)

== Usage in battles ==

Always maintain speed. The P-47 handles like a dream at about 350-400 mph (563-643 km/h), but once it gets to >220 mph it handles as a pig dipped in mud. One great thing about the handling at high speed, though, is that the P-47 responds quickly at high speeds, and this allows some impressive defensive scissoring without losing wings at terminal velocity. The high-wing loading is an issue, though, as the Jug will lose most of its energy in a blackout turn. This does endow the Jug with one key feature- it is a rock-solid gun platform.

Unfortunately, zoom-climbing and dive acceleration are not the "Jug's" forte. The BF-109 has a superior dive acceleration, and the Fw 190 can zoom-climb far faster. Still, the energy retention of the P-47 is great, along with the fact that it flies far faster than both the Würger and Messerschmitt. The P-47 is NOT A TURN-FIGHTER. Although it is possible to out-turn a heavy fighter like the BF-110 C or Do 217, it is not recommended - the acceleration is mediocre, and once a P-47 is a sitting duck, it will be swarmed like flies to fruit in a compost pile. Acrobatic pilots will not be impressed by the P-47 as well, because it performs Immelmanns very sluggishly and the roll rate is not magnificent as well.

Durability, as mentioned above, is pretty good. As in WW2 itself, the P-47 was renowned for its rugged construction. In War Thunder, the biggest weak point of the P-47 is its engine and wings. The wings can break fairly easily in manoeuvres at speeds around ~ 675.9 km/h or so. They also tend to break after a well-placed cannon burst (from planes like the FW-190, A6M2/3). The engine though is also fairly susceptible to catching fire while chasing a bomber, but this is not due to its durability but to its size. Speaking of fire, the P-47D will be heavily damaged by the time it pulls itself out of a fire. One should immediately try to limp home if set aflame.

Performance of the P-47 at altitude is very good, but once you go above about 9,000 meters (~30,000 feet, its critical altitude), any energy lost will have to be regained by diving and losing altitude. Even though the D-28 now gets 70" boost (which is significantly more than the D-25), it still will have some troubles accelerating and climbing. Keep in mind that this boost is only achieved on WEP, although on military power it still has 65" of boost.

When used skillfully, the tracer rounds can be used to "derp", because of the high calibre (for a machine gun) and fire rate, tracers can be absolutely terrifying to anyone attacked by them. However, due to the "scare" effect and low takedown capabilities, the tracers have limited practical use.

=====Modes=====
'''Arcade''': In Arcade, the P-47 can make the most of its capability. In Arcade, engine overheating is not a problem and the "Jug" can get an air start. Keep WEP on automatic, and climb as high as possible. Watch out for Spitfires, Focke-Wulfs, and Bf 109s, which have the capability to climb as high and as quickly as the P-47. Once a height of around 4,000 - 5,000 m is reached (bomber level), go for the bombers. If rockets are equipped, expend them against the bombers. Then initiate the tactics seen in "Shredding Planes". You CAN stay at altitude and prey on any high-flying prey. Beware, the Fw 190 will be your competitor as well.

'''Realistic''': In realistic, one has to be much more careful with how he/she uses the P-47. On takeoff, climb to as high as possible before an engine overheat. If Radiator is installed overheating will still be a problem, but not nearly as bad a one as a stock P-47 will be. If overheating does occur, pull the throttle to around 90% and do a slow climb away from the enemy. If using MEC, set propeller pitch to 85%, mixture to 90%, and radiators to 0% (increase if the engine starts to overheat) for a slight boost in performance. Once high enough, attack high-altitude marauders or use BnZ. In high-speed dives (BnZ), make sure not to make "blackout" turns, because the "Jug" will rip its wings, even though it has fantastic durability. Keep in mind the fact that the plane will respond more sluggishly in Realistic- one should not try to be an acrobat.

'''Simulator''': The "Jug" is one of the best planes available for SB. Not only is the only fighter with a full-blown "bubble canopy" to provide a great view, but it also has full high-calibre machine gun armament, which is invaluable for beginners. The machine guns are very forgiving due to easy adjustment, high rate of fire, and large ammunition capacity. Its control handling is also smooth, making it forgiving for beginners. Take advantage of the high durability, as well. Other than that the physics of the "Jug" are identical to RB.

For base bombing, choose the maximum setup of 1 x 500 lbs, 2 x 1,000 lbs and 10 x rockets to maximise the damage. The fastest way to get to a base is to remain at tree-top level upon taking off. This way there is no need to climb so the P-47 can pick up quite some speed like that, even with the full bombload. When approaching the base, check its position with the minimap to ensure it's the right target. When the base fills up the gunsight, pull up to around 500 m and then dive at the base at a rather shallow angle. Now you can fire all the rockets as the distance is pretty close. When the gunsight slices past the furthest edge of the base, release all the bombs, bank to the direction of the nearest friendly airfield, descend back to tree-top level and fly back. If you are lucky, you might even catch some enemy bombers that just took-off from a nearby airfield. They will be some nice RP for you. Overall, base bombing is the safest way to get rewards but might not be the most efficient.

=====Armament tips=====
'''''Offensive guns''''' 
The 8 Browning M2 Machine Guns pack a great punch when used correctly. Long bursts are the forte of the guns, not conservative bursts that one would normally use on a cannon-armed fighter (Fw 190). One should also make the most of the low calibre by using stealth (the tracers are a waste, as the machine guns do not require as much firing accuracy as cannon- you can spray those M2s!), or belts such as Ground Targets, as wing spars were nerfed in Patch 1.69, as well as AP being buffed. Fire from about .8-1.2 km at max. The M2s are very accurate and have a minimal drop, so long range harassing fire can be quite effective. However, depending on one's pilot aiming skills and his/her own, it may be better to fire from around .3-.5 km. Firing closer to the target is also very advantageous in Boom & Zoom because the high dive speed and inability low turn rate (if the opponent manoeuvers)- one does not want to lose a kill by firing from too far behind and then diving past his/her prey because one's opponent simply turned. The high burst mass output (4.44 kg, compared to the 5.17 kg of the Beaufighter) combined with the high ammunition capacity and accurate and straight-firing M2s make the P-47 one of the deadliest opponents in the 3.7-4.7 BR range.

The ammunition capacity is pretty good, but do not expect it to last for too long (they are MGs, after all). Therefore, do not just aim for the body of any plane. Try to aim for the wings and possibly tail. These are weak points that can result in relatively quick kills. The MGs can rip control surfaces off of any foe quickly, and are extremely effective against the wings of opponents.

'''''Payloads''''' 
The P-47 is one of the most famous WWII ground attack planes- no wonder it was named the "Jug"! In War Thunder, the load it can carry is frightfully large- 3 large bombs (2 1000 lb, 1 500 lb) and a max of 10 HVAR rockets. Indeed, the P-47 is better equipped than an [[A-20G-25|A-20]], which is still largely used even in BR 3-4 battles. Thus, a P-47 can be vital to a Ground-Strike mission. Its speed, combined with climb rate and durability make it a great attacker on its own.

Like mentioned above, the P-47 Thunderbolt's 8 M2 Brownings make pretty effective strafing weapons if used properly. When equipped with Ground-Attack ammunition, they can effectively take out most "Soft" targets, (light pillboxes, etc.).

The D-28 has two different rocket types to choose from: Bazookas and High-Velocity-Attack-Rockets. The latter is simply far superior to the former, as currently, the Bazookas do not have their HEAT warhead modelled.

In full maximum payload, the Jug is difficult to take off in or to handle. With three bombs + ten rockets dive bombing attacks are nigh impossible to manage from low altitudes, especially if one intends to keep the second bomb drop (2 x 1,000 lb). For combined forces, it is therefore suggested to only equip 2 x 1,000+ 10 x HVAR and ignore the 500 lb for superior speed and handling.

====Specific enemies worth noting====


* Planes that the P-47 will face will be between the 3.7 and 5.7 BR range. Depending on what planes one equips, one can expect planes like the [[Fw 190 A-1]] to the [[Fw 190 A-4]], [[Bf 109 F-1]] to the [[Bf 109 F-4|F-4]].

* [[Me 264]]: This giant is one of the few bombers who get air spawns in Sim, so it usually flies higher than you think. On top of this, the Me 264 is armed with large calibre MG and cannons all over it, therefore tailing a 264 is basically suicide unless all of their gunners are knocked out. You can treat the 264 almost like a B-29 or B-17 as they are very similar in both design and defensive capabilities. It is best to head-on the 264 if you can as you can easily knock out the pilots due to its glazed nose while also taking minimal damage. However the bomber lacks a ventral turret on its belly, making it easy to deal damage from below, but be weary of the downwards facing rear 20 mm cannon near the tail. The safest way to attack is from a higher altitude, dive at an oblique angle and focus fire on the wings and nose. Never engage if you have no altitude advantage.
* [[Bf 110 (Family)|Bf 110]], [[Ki-45 (Family)|Ki-45]], [[A-26 (Family)|A-26]]: As mentioned before, those twin engine aircraft are a big threat since their lack of manoeuvrability comparing to single engine fighters are minimised in Sim. They are usually armed with heavy guns & cannons in the nose, so an accurate burst will tear any plane apart, including the P-47. The P-47 manoeuvres rather sluggishly and you might get out-turned from even those heavy fighters, so engage them with either altitude or speed advantage to avoid being targeted. If they are not manoeuvring aggressively, aim for their wings or engines. If the fight is intense and you cannot smooth the aim, just burst anywhere as long as you hit them, the 12.7 mm bullets will damage their flight models quite a bit.
* [[ZSD63]]: A dangerous SPAA to go up against in Tank Realistic Battles. Though it is hard to identify specific SPAA vehicles on the ground (especially when they are shooting tracers at the plane), if a ZSD63 is identified, avoid it at all costs and '''do not''' attempt head-ons with it, ever. It can easily snap a wing off by casually putting a short burst in the {{PAGENAME}}'s flight path. Don't even get close to it unless it is busy shooting someone else or if the {{PAGENAME}} has a bomb ready for use. Some identifying features of the ZSD63 is its rather boxy and tall hull with a geometric turret sitting at the back, slightly similar to a Wirbelwind's. The firing manner is also distinctive: the sound and green tracers are very rapid, much like a buzz saw, but then it will remain silent for half a minute reloading. Note that an experienced ZSD player will hold its fire or shoot in single salvos with long halts between, making it look like that it's reloading. Armor piercing belt is recommended since their high penetration can tear through the ZSD's armor with ease and knock out its crews.
* [[Yak-2 KABB]]: Do not think that the {{PAGENAME}} can confidently out maneuver this plane just because it is twin-engined. The Yak-2 has an amazing turn rate for a heavy fighter, thus the {{PAGENAME}} must avoid turning with it, if not dogfighting with it in general. It bears a pair of ShVAK cannons that can easily damage vital parts like engine or cooling systems. It has green camo, greatly resembling an Me 410 but with an H-tail like a Bf 110's.

====Counter-tactics====

Try to climb above the Jug. It does not climb well enough to remain on par with most planes, as it is very heavy. The Jug is bad at vertical manoeuvres so you can try using those (be careful, as he can still prop-hang you). The Jug is also not very good at low-to-medium speed manoeuvres, although, again, BE CAREFUL. The Jug is surprisingly manoeuvrable for such a large plane, especially when its flaps are extended.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 1 gear || Auto controlled
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great at diving and Boom & Zoom
* Impressive firepower
* Impressive payloads
* Great engine performance above 6,000 m
* Fantastic gun platform- the 2 "quartets" of M2s have great range, accuracy and damage output
* Universal and ground target belts have a high amount of incendiary ammunition, tracer belt is entirely incendiary
* Great high-speed handling
* Fantastic top speed in level flight
* Fantastic ground attack capability
* Good scissoring capability
* Sturdy
* Great cockpit visibility
* Cools rapidly and can WEP for a long duration of time without overheating
* Currently running 70" of boost, almost as high as P-47M, P-47N
* Good climb rate
* Effective flaps

'''Cons:'''

* Average speed at low altitude
* WEP limited to 12 minutes
* Poor low-speed handling
* Large target
* Engine can overheat after some time if you constantly use WEP
* Machine guns are mounted very far apart (convergence)
* Poor energy retention (especially when turn fighting and in low speed manoeuvres)

== History ==

Developed by Republic Aviation, the main role of the P-47 Thunderbolt was as a bomber escort, at high altitude the 'Jug' could contend with the latest from the Luftwaffe. The design was to also include much better protection for the pilot by having increased armour around the cockpit; however, this increased its weight substantially. It was the first American fighter to receive more than the standard 6 x .50 calibre M2 Browning machine guns, with a total of 8 all together, making it the most powerful Allied aircraft in terms of firepower at the time. Thanks to its rugged design, the Thunderbolt was able to take a considerable beating, more so than other allied aircraft and with its sturdy airframe and large engine. The 'Jug' quickly took on the role of ground attack, able to arm itself with 2,500 lbs of bombs and rockets. All in all, the Thunderbolt was one of the most successful allied aircraft during the war, even with the introduction of the faster and more nimble P-51 Mustang, later modifications of the Thunderbolt would go on to see action in the later part of the Pacific Campaign against the Imperial Japanese Navy.

A total of 750 D-28 model P-47s were built. The aircraft is very similar to the [[P-47D-25]] except for one primary difference. This model introduced the Curtiss Electric 13ft paddle-blade propeller. The addition of this larger propeller helped cure the P-47's issues of low altitude climbing by converting more power from the enormous R-2800 engine into thrust.

=== In-game description ===
Republic P-47D-28 Thunderbolt single-engine army heavy escort fighter/fighter-bomber

A single-seat, all-metal monoplane with an enclosed cockpit and retractable landing gear. It was designed in the design bureau of the Republic Aviation Corporation under the direction of Alexander Kartveli, a Russian immigrant of Georgian origin. The first flight of the XP-47B prototype took place in May 1941. Full-scale production began in March 1942.

Beginning in September 1942, fighters of the P-47D variant began to leave the factory floor. They featured 2,000 hp Pratt & Whitney R-2800-21 eighteen-cylinder, air-cooled engines, with a water mixture injected into the cylinders under augmented rating conditions and with an improved turbosupercharger.

The armament of all batches of P-47Ds included eight 12.7 mm Colt-Browning M2.5 machine guns (425 rounds each) located in the wing panels. Bombs of up to 500 lb could be suspended from the ventral pylon of the earlier P-47Ds. Extra wing pylons designed for two 1,000 lb bombs were fitted on subsequent batches of P-47Ds. The plane's maximum bomb capacity could reach 2,500 lb (1,130 kg). The wing-mounted bomb racks were "wet", meaning that they were connected to the fuel lines and that external fuel tanks could be suspended from them.

Beginning with the P-47D-20 batch, the Thunderbolts had a higher tail skid to reduce aerodynamic resistance during takeoff, plus a Pratt & Whitney R-2800-59 Double Wasp engine whose rated power was 2,000 hp but which could reach 2,300 hp in short-term emergency conditions. The aerodynamic configuration of the underwing pylons was improved. This P-47D batch was the first to lack any paint. Due to absolute supremacy of the Allies' aircraft in the air, camouflage patterns were considered unnecessary, as they impaired aircraft performance characteristics. Beginning with the P-47D-25 batch, the Thunderbolts obtained a new drop-shaped cockpit canopy with no framing, which significantly improved visibility to the upper side of the plane's rear. However, the reduced height of the fuselage spine fairing behind the pilot's cockpit slightly impaired the aircraft's longitudinal stability, so Thunderbolts were equipped with a small dorsal fin fairing beginning with the P-47D-27 batch.

The D-27 batch was soon followed by the D-28 batch, which became one of the most widely produced. 750 aircraft were manufactured at the factory in Farmingdale, and 1,028 in Evansville. D-28-RA aircraft built in Evansville and adapted to fly under the conditions of the Pacific theatre of war had their Hamilton Standard Hydromatic 24E50 propellers replaced with a different type of propeller, the Curtiss-Electric C54E50-A114, which had a smaller diameter. The shape of the propeller's spinner was also changed. Due to the new propeller, the aircraft was lengthened by 100 mm, and its maximum height with its tail up was increased by 20 mm. A number of changes were introduced into the hydraulic system, and the plane's radio equipment was improved, with an advanced radio compass installed. The two outermost machine guns were often removed in the field to improve the fighter's manoeuvrability characteristics. This happened quite often and was beneficial in most cases.

Aircraft of the D-28-RA batch built in Evansville were used in the Pacific quite sparingly, due to the lack of airfields with runways of appropriate length. The Thunderbolts became deeply involved in the Pacific only after the appearance of the N version, which was specially designed for the Pacific theatre of war.

== Media ==


;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|t3xD7JpnHeI|'''Best aircraft for Boom & Zoom''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 3:34 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|yHuUGzezChI|'''Best after-party picks''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 1:23 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Republic}}
{{USA fighters}}

J6K1

2021-03-31T20:51:57Z

U55894676:

{{Specs-Card
|code=j6k1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=J6K1 (Japan)
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]] as the main pilot reward for the 2019 winter event [[wt:en/news/6521-special-operation-f-r-o-s-t-en|Operation F.R.O.S.T]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The J6K is an excellent air superiority fighter at its tier that can easily compete with its contemporaries. Originally designed as an interceptor to counter the legendary [[B-29A-BN|B-29]], it performs the best at altitude and mounts an insane amount of weapons for its size and class at the cost of lower ammunition per gun. Despite the weight of the aircraft, it retains reasonable manoeuvrability, climb rate and top speed which turn it into an enemy's nightmare when piloted well.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 10,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 664 || 645 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 18.2 || 19.2 || 12.4 || 12.4 || rowspan="2" | 400
|-
! Upgraded
| 710 || 686 || 17.8 || 18 || 20 || 16
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 460 || 382 || 280 || ~12 || ~9
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 390 || < 390 || < 470 || > 324
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Compressor
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
! Setting 1
| 1,000 m || 2,000 hp || 2,190 hp
|-
! Setting 2
| 4,500 m || 1,785 hp || 1,955 hp
|-
! Setting 3
| 9,000 m || 1,578 hp || 1,728 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8 mm steel plate behind the pilot
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 underneath pilot, 1 behind previously mentioned fuel tank, 1 in each wing)

Befitting of a Japanese aircraft, it is quite susceptible to damage. Despite the wings being strong enough to hold up in high G manoeuvres, they are quite weak when taking battle damage, especially so when doing said manoeuvres. Fires are also quite deadly, which happen quite often due to the large amount of fuel tanks scattered about the aircraft.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Type 99 Model 2 (20 mm)|Type 3 (13.2 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 6 x 20 mm Type 99 Model 2 cannons, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 1,200 total)
* 2 x 13.2 mm Type 3 machine guns, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 400 total)

The J6K1 ''Jinpu'' is an ostensibly well-armed aircraft, boasting the most cannons of any Japanese aircraft. Although the [[Type 99 Model 2 (20 mm)|Type 99 Model 2]]'s lack the stopping power of the [[Type 5 (30 mm)|Type 5]]/[[Ho-155 (30 mm)|Ho-155]] typically mounted on tier IV Japanese aircraft, they can do the job well when aimed accurately. The Type 3 HMG's are also reasonable spotting weapons that have similar muzzle velocity to the 20 mm's and are quite accurate, allowing for easy follow-up shots. One should not rely on the HMG's as they deal negligible damage. Due to the considerable space between the cannons, it is recommended to set a convergence below 500 meters. Otherwise, you will only be hitting the target with your practically nonexistant 13mm HMGs.

Your belt setup should be either stealth or universal for both weapons. However, universal for the cannons and stealth for the HMG's allow you to focus on tracking with the cannons, which helps with players who either are learning to or have trouble with aiming them.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|Navy Type 97 Number 6 (60 kg)|Navy Type 98 Number 25 (250 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x 60 kg Navy Type 97 Number 6 bombs (240 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg Navy Type 98 Number 25 bombs (500 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==
The J6K1 can be thought of as a slightly heavier N1K2. This means your climb rate and turn rate have been nerfed somewhat. In the beginning of each battle you will need to sideclimb as the J6K's added weight makes the climb rate rather subpar against many of your opponents. It is reasonably manoeuvrable and beats every American aircraft spare the [[P-59A]] in RB, it is not nearly enough to compete with the Spitfires, Re.2005's, and even some variants of the Bf 109 that are very commonly encountered in Arcade. However, it holds specific advantages over all of these aircraft, which changes depending on which one it's engaging. Versus Merlin Spitfires it outspeeds them and destroys them at high altitude, versus Griffon Spitfires it can outmanoeuvre them and it's considerably faster than the Re.2005 and can deal quite a bit of damage with its large armament setup. The only exception to these are the Bf 109's, as your approach style will have to change depending on the variant of the Messerschmitt in question and if they are mounting gunpods or not. You can outmanoeuvre the G-6, G-10, G-14 and K-4 when they mount the gunpods but you can't outspeed them, however the reverse is true for the G-2 and F-4. Ideally, you should Boom-&-Zoom 109's if you have an altitude advantage or try to head-on them but the latter poses a significant risk due to the lack of bulletproof glass on the J6K.

Speed and altitude are your best friends when piloting the ''Jinpu''. The Nakajima Homare 42 engine that powers the aircraft is tuned for high altitude combat, and is quite poor at altitudes below 2,000m, so altitudes around or above 4,000m are your ideal combat areas. Once you reach that altitude, start hunting for bombers and high flying attackers, then tear them to shreds with your impressive armament layout. If there are no bombers or they have all been destroyed, you are free to fly a more reserved high altitude energy fighter role versus other fighters. If diving on an opponent, be wary that the J6K stiffens up quite severely at speeds and has quite a low absolute rip speed of 780 kmh/484 mph.

When turnfighting, you should stay at around 400 km/h. Above this speed and your control surfaces will stiffen, while going below the speed will cause weight of the J6K to drag you down. Remember to pop your flaps out whenever turning. In many cases, the J6K is like a N1K2 with more guns and a better engine, with slightly worse climb and flaps.

==== Specific enemies worth noting: ====

* [[P-51H-5-NA]]. The last of the Mustangs is a fearsome opponent that can walk all over the J6K if given the chance. It's significantly quicker, is better at altitude, and climbs better. To top it off, it mounts a sextet of the unnaturally powerful Browning M2 .50 cals that can literally light an aircraft ablaze in a short burst. Fortunately, it's quite poor in an extended turning engagement as a result of its design focusing on high speed combat and has a very weak airframe. Attempt to force it to turn fight you and bleed all of its energy, but be sure to make effective use of combat flaps and rudder.
* [[F8F-1B]]. '''Bearcat.''' This one word strikes fear into the hearts of all opponents who hear it, and the ''Jinpu'' is no exception. The last single-engined fighter of the famed Grumman Cat series can both literally and figuratively destroy the J6K with its amazing speed, excellent armament, Near Focke-wulf roll rate, and brutal acceleration. It is the only aircraft the J6K can simply not deal with, so it should be avoided at all costs unless it is distracted. If one tries to force an engagement with you, immediately seek assistance from teammates. If there is no way you can escape, head-on the Bearcat and pull off at around 1.1 km. Try to start a turnfight with the enemy. Your superior turn time and slightly better manuvering energy retention will allow you to eventually bleed the Bearcat's speed and light him up. However, under no circumstance should you go vertical with the Bearcat unless you have superior energy.
* [[I-225]]. The white Russian menace is the king of high-altitude combat. It outspeeds you, outclimbs you and can easily light you on fire with its fast-firing quad setup of ShVAK's. However, it is very poor in a turning engagement and has an extremely weak airframe. Turn-fight then light it up.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 3 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Strong armament (use universal belt for 20mm, HEF round has more explosive filler than HEF-I and HEF-T)
* Strong wings, can pull up to 12G at high speed
* Reasonably fast for a Japanese fighter, still sub par to the great majority of opponents (unless at very high altitude > 6000-7000m where you can outspeed some low alt tuned aircraft like the F8F and Spitfire LF)
* Effective combat flaps and rudder
* Reasonable cockpit visibility despite a few bars

'''Cons:'''

* Fragile, only a small armor plate behind the pilots body
* Low rip speed of about 800 kph TAS at sea level
* Very bad climbrate, you cannot outclimb basically any of your opponents
* Bad acceleration
* Low speed, especially since it usually faces high performance or even superprops (P-51H, Griffon Spitfires, Yak-3U, A2D, F8F...) and jets

== History ==

The Kawanishi J6K ''Jinpu'' was a land-based interceptor fighter design finalized by the Kawanishi Aircraft Company in 1944. It was an improved version of the earlier discontinued Kawanishi J3K using a more powerful engine, the Nakajima Homare 42 radial engine, rather than the Mitsubishi MK9B.

;J3K

In early 1942, Kawanishi and its engineers were developing their first ever land-based fighter out of their own volition (which would later be known as the [[N1K (Family)|N1K-J ''Shiden (Kai)'']]). At the same time, the Navy approached Kawanishi with the ''{{Annotation|17-Shi|17th year of the Showa reign, 1942}} Fighter Plane'' plan. Instead of using their own N1K design for the contract, they decided to design a new land-based fighter from scratch instead.

While developing the plane, Kawanishi insisted on using the Nakajima Homare engine instead of the Mitsubishi Ha-43-21 (MK9) that the Navy demanded for (this wasn't the first time they would defy the Navy's orders as the same happend during the development of the [[N1K1]]). Kawanashi's reasoning was mainly production-related however as their own Homare engine was still in development and building an airframe without a complete engine would be stagnant.

Because of this and the already in development [[N1K (Family)|N1K-J ''Shiden (Kai)'']], Kawanishi opted to cancel the J3K project and with that the 17-shi in early 1943.

;J6K

After the J3K, the Nakajima NK9A Homare 42 was fully developed and Kawanishi restarted the designing of the J3K, now under the designation of J6K ''Jinpu''.

(Other J-designations went to: J3K, J4M ''Senden'', [[J5N1|J5N ''Tenrai'']]).

In June of 1944 a design was fully drawn up and ready to be put up to the test and a first airframe was to be built. There were 3 possible armaments for the plane which would be:

* 2 x 13.2 mm machine guns (nose), 4 x 20 mm cannons (wings)
* 2 x 13.2 mm machine guns (nose), 2 x 30 mm cannons (wings)
* 6 x 20 mm cannons (wings)

While a mock-up was being built, their homebrew of the [[N1K (Family)|N1K-J ''Shiden'']] within the Navy was successfully causing havoc among the Americans, reducing the need for the new aircraft.

During a private-venture meeting in May 1945, just before the end of the war, there would be plans to reconsider the plane for a high-altitude role, but these plans would be the last nail to the coffin, as there were plans to improve the [[A7M (Family)|A7M]] for this role instead.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=japan&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=fighter&vehicle=j6k1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:J6K1 Standard Green.png|Standard camouflage
File:J6K1 Experimental Camo.png|Experimental orange camouflage earned by getting 11x pilot stars in 2019 "Operation F.R.O.S.T."
</gallery>

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6521-special-operation-f-r-o-s-t-en|[Special<nowiki>]</nowiki> Operation F.R.O.S.T.]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/475165-j6k1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Kawanishi}}
{{Japan fighters}}
{{Japan premium aircraft}}
{{Winter Event}}

J6K1

2021-03-31T20:51:34Z

U55894676:

{{Specs-Card
|code=j6k1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=J6K1 (Japan)
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]] as the main pilot reward for the 2019 winter event [[wt:en/news/6521-special-operation-f-r-o-s-t-en|Operation F.R.O.S.T]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The J6K is an excellent air superiority fighter at its tier that can easily compete with its contemporaries. Originally designed as an interceptor to counter the legendary [[B-29A-BN|B-29]], it performs the best at altitude and mounts an insane amount of weapons for its size and class at the cost of lower ammunition per gun. Despite the weight of the aircraft, it retains reasonable manoeuvrability, climb rate and top speed which turn it into an enemy's nightmare when piloted well.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 10,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 664 || 645 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 18.2 || 19.2 || 12.4 || 12.4 || rowspan="2" | 400
|-
! Upgraded
| 710 || 686 || 17.8 || 18 || 20 || 16
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 460 || 382 || 280 || ~12 || ~9
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 390 || < 390 || < 470 || > 324
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Compressor
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
! Setting 1
| 1,000 m || 2,000 hp || 2,190 hp
|-
! Setting 2
| 4,500 m || 1,785 hp || 1,955 hp
|-
! Setting 3
| 9,000 m || 1,578 hp || 1,728 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8 mm steel plate behind the pilot
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 underneath pilot, 1 behind previously mentioned fuel tank, 1 in each wing)

Befitting of a Japanese aircraft, it is quite susceptible to damage. Despite the wings being strong enough to hold up in high G manoeuvres, they are quite weak when taking battle damage, especially so when doing said manoeuvres. Fires are also quite deadly, which happen quite often due to the large amount of fuel tanks scattered about the aircraft.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Type 99 Model 2 (20 mm)|Type 3 (13.2 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 6 x 20 mm Type 99 Model 2 cannons, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 1,200 total)
* 2 x 13.2 mm Type 3 machine guns, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 400 total)

The J6K1 ''Jinpu'' is an ostensibly well-armed aircraft, boasting the most cannons of any Japanese aircraft. Although the [[Type 99 Model 2 (20 mm)|Type 99 Model 2]]'s lack the stopping power of the [[Type 5 (30 mm)|Type 5]]/[[Ho-155 (30 mm)|Ho-155]] typically mounted on tier IV Japanese aircraft, they can do the job well when aimed accurately. The Type 3 HMG's are also reasonable spotting weapons that have similar muzzle velocity to the 20 mm's and are quite accurate, allowing for easy follow-up shots. One should not rely on the HMG's as they deal negligible damage. Due to the considerable space between the cannons, it is recommended to set a convergence below 500 meters. Otherwise, you will only be hitting the target with your practically nonexistant 13mm HMGs.

Your belt setup should be either stealth or universal for both weapons. However, universal for the cannons and stealth for the HMG's allow you to focus on tracking with the cannons, which helps with players who either are learning to or have trouble with aiming them.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|Navy Type 97 Number 6 (60 kg)|Navy Type 98 Number 25 (250 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x 60 kg Navy Type 97 Number 6 bombs (240 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg Navy Type 98 Number 25 bombs (500 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==
The J6K1 can be thought of as a slightly heavier N1K2. This means your climb rate and turn rate have been nerfed somewhat. In the beginning of each battle you will need to sideclimb as the J6K's added weight makes the climb rate rather subpar against many of your opponents. It is reasonably manoeuvrable and beats every American aircraft spare the [[P-59A]] in RB, it is not nearly enough to compete with the Spitfires, Re.2005's, and even some variants of the Bf 109 that are very commonly encountered in Arcade. However, it holds specific advantages over all of these aircraft, which changes depending on which one it's engaging. Versus Merlin Spitfires it outspeeds them and destroys them at high altitude, versus Griffon Spitfires it can outmanoeuvre them and it's considerably faster than the Re.2005 and can deal quite a bit of damage with its large armament setup. The only exception to these are the Bf 109's, as your approach style will have to change depending on the variant of the Messerschmitt in question and if they are mounting gunpods or not. You can outmanoeuvre the G-6, G-10, G-14 and K-4 when they mount the gunpods but you can't outspeed them, however the reverse is true for the G-2 and F-4. Ideally, you should Boom-&-Zoom 109's if you have an altitude advantage or try to head-on them but the latter poses a significant risk due to the lack of bulletproof glass on the J6K.

Speed and altitude are your best friends when piloting the ''Jinpu''. The Nakajima Homare 42 engine that powers the aircraft is tuned for high altitude combat, and is quite poor at altitudes below 2,000m, so altitudes around or above 4,000m are your ideal combat areas. Once you reach that altitude, start hunting for bombers and high flying attackers, then tear them to shreds with your impressive armament layout. If there are no bombers or they have all been destroyed, you are free to fly a more reserved high altitude energy fighter role versus other fighters. If diving on an opponent, be wary that the J6K stiffens up quite severely at speeds and has quite a low absolute rip speed of 780 kmh/484 mph.

When turnfighting, you should stay at around 400 km/h. Above this speed and your control surfaces will stiffen, while going below the speed will cause weight of the J6K to drag you down. Remember to pop your flaps out whenever turning. In many cases, the J6K is like a N1K2 with more guns and a better engine, with slightly worse climb and flaps.

==== Specific enemies worth noting: ====

* [[P-51H-5-NA]]. The last of the Mustangs is a fearsome opponent that can walk all over the J6K if given the chance. It's significantly quicker, is better at altitude, and climbs better. To top it off, it mounts a sextet of the unnaturally powerful Browning M2 .50 cals that can literally light an aircraft ablaze in a short burst. Fortunately, it's quite poor in an extended turning engagement as a result of its design focusing on high speed combat and has a very weak airframe. Attempt to force it to turn fight you and bleed all of its energy, but be sure to make effective use of combat flaps and rudder.
* [[F8F-1B]]. '''Bearcat.''' This one word strikes fear into the hearts of all opponents who hear it, and the ''Jinpu'' is no exception. The last single-engined fighter of the famed Grumman Cat series can both literally and figuratively destroy the J6K with its amazing speed, excellent armament, Near Focke-wulf roll rate, and brutal acceleration. It is the only aircraft the J6K can simply not deal with, so it should be avoided at all costs unless it is distracted. If one tries to force an engagement with you, immediately seek assistance from teammates. If there is no way you can escape, head-on the Bearcat and pull off at around 1.1 km. Try to start a turnfight with the enemy. Your superior turn time and slightly better manuvering energy retention will allow you to eventually bleed the Bearcat's speed and light him up. However, under no circumstance should you go vertical with the Bearcat unless you have superior energy.
* [[I-225]]. The white Russian menace is the king of high-altitude combat. It outspeeds you, outclimbs you and can easily light you on fire with its fast-firing quad setup of ShVAK's. However, it is very poor in a turning engagement and has an extremely weak airframe. Turn-fight then light it up.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 3 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Strong armament (use universal belt for 20mm, HEF round has more explosive filler than HEF-I and HEF-T)
* Strong wings, can pull up to 12G at high speed
* Reasonably fast for a Japanese fighter, still sub par to the great majority of opponents (unless at very high altitude > 7000m where you can outspeed some low alt tuned aircraft like the F8F and Spitfire LF)
* Effective combat flaps and rudder
* Reasonable cockpit visibility despite a few bars

'''Cons:'''

* Fragile, only a small armor plate behind the pilots body
* Low rip speed of about 800 kph TAS at sea level
* Very bad climbrate, you cannot outclimb basically any of your opponents
* Bad acceleration
* Low speed, especially since it usually faces high performance or even superprops (P-51H, Griffon Spitfires, Yak-3U, A2D, F8F...) and jets

== History ==

The Kawanishi J6K ''Jinpu'' was a land-based interceptor fighter design finalized by the Kawanishi Aircraft Company in 1944. It was an improved version of the earlier discontinued Kawanishi J3K using a more powerful engine, the Nakajima Homare 42 radial engine, rather than the Mitsubishi MK9B.

;J3K

In early 1942, Kawanishi and its engineers were developing their first ever land-based fighter out of their own volition (which would later be known as the [[N1K (Family)|N1K-J ''Shiden (Kai)'']]). At the same time, the Navy approached Kawanishi with the ''{{Annotation|17-Shi|17th year of the Showa reign, 1942}} Fighter Plane'' plan. Instead of using their own N1K design for the contract, they decided to design a new land-based fighter from scratch instead.

While developing the plane, Kawanishi insisted on using the Nakajima Homare engine instead of the Mitsubishi Ha-43-21 (MK9) that the Navy demanded for (this wasn't the first time they would defy the Navy's orders as the same happend during the development of the [[N1K1]]). Kawanashi's reasoning was mainly production-related however as their own Homare engine was still in development and building an airframe without a complete engine would be stagnant.

Because of this and the already in development [[N1K (Family)|N1K-J ''Shiden (Kai)'']], Kawanishi opted to cancel the J3K project and with that the 17-shi in early 1943.

;J6K

After the J3K, the Nakajima NK9A Homare 42 was fully developed and Kawanishi restarted the designing of the J3K, now under the designation of J6K ''Jinpu''.

(Other J-designations went to: J3K, J4M ''Senden'', [[J5N1|J5N ''Tenrai'']]).

In June of 1944 a design was fully drawn up and ready to be put up to the test and a first airframe was to be built. There were 3 possible armaments for the plane which would be:

* 2 x 13.2 mm machine guns (nose), 4 x 20 mm cannons (wings)
* 2 x 13.2 mm machine guns (nose), 2 x 30 mm cannons (wings)
* 6 x 20 mm cannons (wings)

While a mock-up was being built, their homebrew of the [[N1K (Family)|N1K-J ''Shiden'']] within the Navy was successfully causing havoc among the Americans, reducing the need for the new aircraft.

During a private-venture meeting in May 1945, just before the end of the war, there would be plans to reconsider the plane for a high-altitude role, but these plans would be the last nail to the coffin, as there were plans to improve the [[A7M (Family)|A7M]] for this role instead.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=japan&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=fighter&vehicle=j6k1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:J6K1 Standard Green.png|Standard camouflage
File:J6K1 Experimental Camo.png|Experimental orange camouflage earned by getting 11x pilot stars in 2019 "Operation F.R.O.S.T."
</gallery>

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6521-special-operation-f-r-o-s-t-en|[Special<nowiki>]</nowiki> Operation F.R.O.S.T.]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/475165-j6k1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Kawanishi}}
{{Japan fighters}}
{{Japan premium aircraft}}
{{Winter Event}}

J6K1

2021-03-31T20:50:20Z

U55894676: Edited pros and cons

{{Specs-Card
|code=j6k1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=J6K1 (Japan)
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]] as the main pilot reward for the 2019 winter event [[wt:en/news/6521-special-operation-f-r-o-s-t-en|Operation F.R.O.S.T]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The J6K is an excellent air superiority fighter at its tier that can easily compete with its contemporaries. Originally designed as an interceptor to counter the legendary [[B-29A-BN|B-29]], it performs the best at altitude and mounts an insane amount of weapons for its size and class at the cost of lower ammunition per gun. Despite the weight of the aircraft, it retains reasonable manoeuvrability, climb rate and top speed which turn it into an enemy's nightmare when piloted well.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 10,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 664 || 645 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 18.2 || 19.2 || 12.4 || 12.4 || rowspan="2" | 400
|-
! Upgraded
| 710 || 686 || 17.8 || 18 || 20 || 16
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 460 || 382 || 280 || ~12 || ~9
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 390 || < 390 || < 470 || > 324
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Compressor
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
! Setting 1
| 1,000 m || 2,000 hp || 2,190 hp
|-
! Setting 2
| 4,500 m || 1,785 hp || 1,955 hp
|-
! Setting 3
| 9,000 m || 1,578 hp || 1,728 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8 mm steel plate behind the pilot
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 underneath pilot, 1 behind previously mentioned fuel tank, 1 in each wing)

Befitting of a Japanese aircraft, it is quite susceptible to damage. Despite the wings being strong enough to hold up in high G manoeuvres, they are quite weak when taking battle damage, especially so when doing said manoeuvres. Fires are also quite deadly, which happen quite often due to the large amount of fuel tanks scattered about the aircraft.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Type 99 Model 2 (20 mm)|Type 3 (13.2 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 6 x 20 mm Type 99 Model 2 cannons, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 1,200 total)
* 2 x 13.2 mm Type 3 machine guns, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 400 total)

The J6K1 ''Jinpu'' is an ostensibly well-armed aircraft, boasting the most cannons of any Japanese aircraft. Although the [[Type 99 Model 2 (20 mm)|Type 99 Model 2]]'s lack the stopping power of the [[Type 5 (30 mm)|Type 5]]/[[Ho-155 (30 mm)|Ho-155]] typically mounted on tier IV Japanese aircraft, they can do the job well when aimed accurately. The Type 3 HMG's are also reasonable spotting weapons that have similar muzzle velocity to the 20 mm's and are quite accurate, allowing for easy follow-up shots. One should not rely on the HMG's as they deal negligible damage. Due to the considerable space between the cannons, it is recommended to set a convergence below 500 meters. Otherwise, you will only be hitting the target with your practically nonexistant 13mm HMGs.

Your belt setup should be either stealth or universal for both weapons. However, universal for the cannons and stealth for the HMG's allow you to focus on tracking with the cannons, which helps with players who either are learning to or have trouble with aiming them.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|Navy Type 97 Number 6 (60 kg)|Navy Type 98 Number 25 (250 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x 60 kg Navy Type 97 Number 6 bombs (240 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg Navy Type 98 Number 25 bombs (500 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==
The J6K1 can be thought of as a slightly heavier N1K2. This means your climb rate and turn rate have been nerfed somewhat. In the beginning of each battle you will need to sideclimb as the J6K's added weight makes the climb rate rather subpar against many of your opponents. It is reasonably manoeuvrable and beats every American aircraft spare the [[P-59A]] in RB, it is not nearly enough to compete with the Spitfires, Re.2005's, and even some variants of the Bf 109 that are very commonly encountered in Arcade. However, it holds specific advantages over all of these aircraft, which changes depending on which one it's engaging. Versus Merlin Spitfires it outspeeds them and destroys them at high altitude, versus Griffon Spitfires it can outmanoeuvre them and it's considerably faster than the Re.2005 and can deal quite a bit of damage with its large armament setup. The only exception to these are the Bf 109's, as your approach style will have to change depending on the variant of the Messerschmitt in question and if they are mounting gunpods or not. You can outmanoeuvre the G-6, G-10, G-14 and K-4 when they mount the gunpods but you can't outspeed them, however the reverse is true for the G-2 and F-4. Ideally, you should Boom-&-Zoom 109's if you have an altitude advantage or try to head-on them but the latter poses a significant risk due to the lack of bulletproof glass on the J6K.

Speed and altitude are your best friends when piloting the ''Jinpu''. The Nakajima Homare 42 engine that powers the aircraft is tuned for high altitude combat, and is quite poor at altitudes below 2,000m, so altitudes around or above 4,000m are your ideal combat areas. Once you reach that altitude, start hunting for bombers and high flying attackers, then tear them to shreds with your impressive armament layout. If there are no bombers or they have all been destroyed, you are free to fly a more reserved high altitude energy fighter role versus other fighters. If diving on an opponent, be wary that the J6K stiffens up quite severely at speeds and has quite a low absolute rip speed of 780 kmh/484 mph.

When turnfighting, you should stay at around 400 km/h. Above this speed and your control surfaces will stiffen, while going below the speed will cause weight of the J6K to drag you down. Remember to pop your flaps out whenever turning. In many cases, the J6K is like a N1K2 with more guns and a better engine, with slightly worse climb and flaps.

==== Specific enemies worth noting: ====

* [[P-51H-5-NA]]. The last of the Mustangs is a fearsome opponent that can walk all over the J6K if given the chance. It's significantly quicker, is better at altitude, and climbs better. To top it off, it mounts a sextet of the unnaturally powerful Browning M2 .50 cals that can literally light an aircraft ablaze in a short burst. Fortunately, it's quite poor in an extended turning engagement as a result of its design focusing on high speed combat and has a very weak airframe. Attempt to force it to turn fight you and bleed all of its energy, but be sure to make effective use of combat flaps and rudder.
* [[F8F-1B]]. '''Bearcat.''' This one word strikes fear into the hearts of all opponents who hear it, and the ''Jinpu'' is no exception. The last single-engined fighter of the famed Grumman Cat series can both literally and figuratively destroy the J6K with its amazing speed, excellent armament, Near Focke-wulf roll rate, and brutal acceleration. It is the only aircraft the J6K can simply not deal with, so it should be avoided at all costs unless it is distracted. If one tries to force an engagement with you, immediately seek assistance from teammates. If there is no way you can escape, head-on the Bearcat and pull off at around 1.1 km. Try to start a turnfight with the enemy. Your superior turn time and slightly better manuvering energy retention will allow you to eventually bleed the Bearcat's speed and light him up. However, under no circumstance should you go vertical with the Bearcat unless you have superior energy.
* [[I-225]]. The white Russian menace is the king of high-altitude combat. It outspeeds you, outclimbs you and can easily light you on fire with its fast-firing quad setup of ShVAK's. However, it is very poor in a turning engagement and has an extremely weak airframe. Turn-fight then light it up.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 3 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Strong armament (use universal belt for 20mm, HEF round has more explosive filler than HEF-I and HEF-T)
* Strong wings, can pull up to 12G at high speed
* Reasonably fast for a Japanese fighter
* Effective combat flaps and rudder
* Reasonable cockpit visibility despite a few bars

'''Cons:'''

* Fragile, only a small armor plate behind the pilots body
* Low rip speed of about 800 kph TAS at sea level
* Very bad climbrate, you cannot outclimb basically any of your opponents
* Bad acceleration
* Low speed, especially since it usually faces high performance or even superprops (P-51H, Griffon Spitfires, Yak-3U, A2D, F8F...) and jets

== History ==

The Kawanishi J6K ''Jinpu'' was a land-based interceptor fighter design finalized by the Kawanishi Aircraft Company in 1944. It was an improved version of the earlier discontinued Kawanishi J3K using a more powerful engine, the Nakajima Homare 42 radial engine, rather than the Mitsubishi MK9B.

;J3K

In early 1942, Kawanishi and its engineers were developing their first ever land-based fighter out of their own volition (which would later be known as the [[N1K (Family)|N1K-J ''Shiden (Kai)'']]). At the same time, the Navy approached Kawanishi with the ''{{Annotation|17-Shi|17th year of the Showa reign, 1942}} Fighter Plane'' plan. Instead of using their own N1K design for the contract, they decided to design a new land-based fighter from scratch instead.

While developing the plane, Kawanishi insisted on using the Nakajima Homare engine instead of the Mitsubishi Ha-43-21 (MK9) that the Navy demanded for (this wasn't the first time they would defy the Navy's orders as the same happend during the development of the [[N1K1]]). Kawanashi's reasoning was mainly production-related however as their own Homare engine was still in development and building an airframe without a complete engine would be stagnant.

Because of this and the already in development [[N1K (Family)|N1K-J ''Shiden (Kai)'']], Kawanishi opted to cancel the J3K project and with that the 17-shi in early 1943.

;J6K

After the J3K, the Nakajima NK9A Homare 42 was fully developed and Kawanishi restarted the designing of the J3K, now under the designation of J6K ''Jinpu''.

(Other J-designations went to: J3K, J4M ''Senden'', [[J5N1|J5N ''Tenrai'']]).

In June of 1944 a design was fully drawn up and ready to be put up to the test and a first airframe was to be built. There were 3 possible armaments for the plane which would be:

* 2 x 13.2 mm machine guns (nose), 4 x 20 mm cannons (wings)
* 2 x 13.2 mm machine guns (nose), 2 x 30 mm cannons (wings)
* 6 x 20 mm cannons (wings)

While a mock-up was being built, their homebrew of the [[N1K (Family)|N1K-J ''Shiden'']] within the Navy was successfully causing havoc among the Americans, reducing the need for the new aircraft.

During a private-venture meeting in May 1945, just before the end of the war, there would be plans to reconsider the plane for a high-altitude role, but these plans would be the last nail to the coffin, as there were plans to improve the [[A7M (Family)|A7M]] for this role instead.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=japan&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=fighter&vehicle=j6k1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:J6K1 Standard Green.png|Standard camouflage
File:J6K1 Experimental Camo.png|Experimental orange camouflage earned by getting 11x pilot stars in 2019 "Operation F.R.O.S.T."
</gallery>

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6521-special-operation-f-r-o-s-t-en|[Special<nowiki>]</nowiki> Operation F.R.O.S.T.]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/475165-j6k1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Kawanishi}}
{{Japan fighters}}
{{Japan premium aircraft}}
{{Winter Event}}

Me 262 A-1a

2021-03-21T22:45:33Z

U55894676:

{{About
| about = German jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = Me 262 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=me-262a-1a
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

[[File:Me262 intercepting B-29.png|thumbnail|left|The Schwalbe in its interceptor role. [http://live.warthunder.com/post/36378/ Historic camouflage] of the 2./KG51 'Edelweiß']]
This aircraft is a true heavy fighter in every way. Thus, the following is guaranteed: bomber "box formations" fall apart under your heavy rocket bombardments, flying fortresses perish within seconds by this machine's mighty claws, and the unusually low velocity of the German "sledgehammer" MK 108 cannons this aircraft wields will probably drive you insane.

The MK 108 has insane damage potential. With the second greatest in-game burst mass of 14.52 kg/s (32.01 lbs/s) and the great explosive warhead "Minengeschoss" (mine-shell), this weapon will vaporize aircraft, especially bombers. But every coin has a flip side and the "Sledgehammer" is no exception. The amazing rate of fire is exchanged with a very short barrel and small propellant charges, resulting in very bad ballistics. The MK 108 cannon fires the slowest shells with the greatest bullet drop in the game. Thus, the MK 108 makes no compromises, only excelling in the "extremes".

As you might guess, the MK 108 is a very bad anti-fighter weapon particularly in a jet to jet combat. Bullet drop and slow velocity result in a severe difficulty leading shots at ranges above 300 meters (350 yds). In dogfights where both aircraft are constantly turning and changing direction, this trait gets even worse. The high speeds of jet battle push the necessary lead for hitting the target farther in front of the enemy. Training with this weapon system in a custom battle against random enemies is heavily advised.

The MK 108 cannons have an ammo indicator in the cockpit, which is typical for Luftwaffe aircraft. It sits directly beneath the compass (the one with the little plane in the middle). The left white column is for the two top auto-cannons. The right one is for the bottom two cannons; this bar is also taller than the left one as the ammo count is different for the two pairs.

[[File:Cockpit_Me262.jpg|thumbnail|right|The Schwalbe's instrument panel.]]

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 824 || 796 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.0 || 30.0 || 16.0 || 14.9 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| 909|| 865 || 27.7 || 28.0 || 24.5 || 20.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 558 || 529 || 380 || ~10 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 600 || < 680 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Junkers Jumo 004B-1 || 2
| colspan="3" | 4,280 kg || colspan="3" | 287 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 16m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 53m fuel
|-
| 720 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 4,894 kg || 5,041 kg || 5,409 kg || 5,961 kg || 6,255 kg || 6,520 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 16m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 53m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 910 kgf || N/A
| 0.37 || 0.36 || 0.34 || 0.30 || 0.29 || 0.28
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 910 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.37 || 0.36 || 0.34 || 0.30 || 0.29 || 0.28
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 15 mm Steel - Behind the pilot
* 15 mm Steel - Pilot's headrest
* 15 mm Steel - Between cockpit and fore fuel tank
* 15 mm Steel - Instrument panel plate
* 16 mm Steel x 2 - Ammunition protection plates
* 90 mm Bulletproof glass
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 in front of pilot, 1 under pilot's feet, 2 behind pilot)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

The biggest issue of the Schwalbe is its bad acceleration across all speeds. Thus, ''Compressor'' and ''Engine'' upgrades have the highest priority. The cannons' stock belts are decent, but the high explosive content increases with the new ammo in ''Offensive 30 mm''. Including them into the upgrade route is not a bad idea. The same applies for the rockets in the ''R1 modification''. Being able to knock out bases (~40) or tanks (direct hit) with these warheads makes a long game much easier to win. ''New 30 mm cannons'' is an interesting upgrade choice as it increases accuracy above 300 meters (350 yds), but the MK 108 will still be unable to hit any at 500 meters (600 yds).

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MK 108 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 30 mm MK 108 cannons (2 x 100 RPG top + 2 x 80 RPG bottom = 360 total)

All four cannons are arranged in bundles of two mounted on the underside of the upper mounted in the nose of the aircraft. Two are outfitted with 100 RPG, while the other two have 30 RPG.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|R4M}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can externally outfit:

* 24 x 55 mm R4M rockets
* 48 x 55 mm R4M rockets

== Usage in battles ==


As a heavy fighter, the 'Schwalbe' is not nimble, but neither are other first-generation jets. Compared to them, the Me 262 is actually quite agile and possesses a speed, roll, and damage output advantage against certain adversaries.

However, don't be fooled - this aircraft was the first operational jet fighter. Generally, anything 3 years older than the 262 outclasses it. Against them, the 262's turn rate is your only advantage, with the exclusion of the Gloster Meteor. Avoid combat with Meteors if possible, however, if engaged with a Sea Meteor or any later variant, do not attempt to dive as it will only make your situation worse. Try alternating barrel rolls to force them to overshoot. Joystick users can try the classic trick of banking the aircraft about 120-180 degrees out of phase of the enemy aircraft with a positive G-load but as usual, they will need to watch their altitude carefully.

The 'Schwalbe' climb rate is actually not too bad as stock in 6.0-7.0 games but to climb well you need to be around 450 to 500 km/h for best climb rate which can be visually unappealing due to its low angle of climb. This in itself can be used to out-run and climb simultaneously as an advantage.

The Schwalbe has three main possible usages:

*'''Air-supremacy-fighter''':

''Find and destroy other fighters''. While the historic purpose of the Me 262 was a bomber interceptor, it performs well against other fighters. However, it must be played like a heavy fighter or, for instance, the Fw 190 series. Be careful and plan every step ahead, including your retreat and how you will regain lost energy. A standard attack looks like the following:

# Find a target already engaged in combat and busy or an enemy who is alone.
# Position yourself with either a speed or energy advantage in the enemy's blind-spot (where they would least expect you, attacking with the sun behind you is a good tactic).
# Proceed closer to the enemy aircraft with the energy advantage you hold.
# Launch a deadly surprise attack.
# Escape any other nearby enemies with a "zoom climb" or a continuation of the approach at your maximum speed.
# Once enough separation has been gained (3-5 km), regain energy by accelerating or climbing. Likewise, engaging a different target who has lower energy is an option.

These tactics are virtually the same as used by the Fw 190 series and also works on all early jets ([[Meteor F Mk 3|Meteor F 3]], [[F-80A-5|P-80]], [[MiG-9]], [[F2H-2|F2H]], [[Kikka]], [[R2Y2 Kai V1|R2Y2]]), etc. 
Against later jets, ([[Sea Meteor F Mk 3|Sea Meteor]], [[La-15]], [[F9F-2|F9F]]), it gets trickier as they can easily neglect any energy advantage you built up due to their superior acceleration. The approach suggested above will still work, but needs to be executed with even more caution. Having allies nearby to assist is also often mandatory in matches like these, as a single 262 bears little threat to Korean War jets. 
Against these superior foes, one of the 262's lesser strengths can be used - the turn rate. For '''a few''' turns, the Schwalbe will easily outmanoeuvre most Korean War jets, apart from the naval carrier jets like the [[F9F-2|F9F Panther]] and [[Sea Meteor F Mk 3|Seameteor]]. 

* '''Bomber interceptor''':

History's call. Seek and annihilate any heavy bombers with the impressive armament the Me 262 brings to the battlefield. Avoid getting shot at though! The 262's engines are weak and like to burn. If the engines catch on fire, throttle down and then shut off the engine (default "i") and go into a dive to gain speed. Rockets are also fun in this mode, as the Schwalbe has the option to carry up to 48 55 mm R4M rockets. Don't forget to set a detonation timer for the R4M missiles so they do not require direct hits. 600-800 meters is suggested.

*'''Ground attacker''':

Bad acceleration and a high stall speed - usually not the traits wielded by an attacker, but the Schwalbe as two very convincing arguments on its side: R4M rockets and bad [[Matchmaker|matchmaking]]. The 24 (48 seconds unlock) rockets can destroy light pillboxes, medium tanks and mini bases (~50 rocket impacts). Peculiar to note is the ability of the MK 108 to destroy light pillboxes. 60-80 shots are needed from a very low angle and from a short distance. Also, the Me 262 can get dragged up to games where it will face Korean War jets. One could try, as an experienced pilot, to get the best out of the situation. Those who are not as skilled at ground attacking still benefit the team; if the match starts to take longer, a ground victory becomes a viable option. The same applies if the last enemy is hiding and the tickets start to count down.

Going against other countries would bring out their jets. Other countries' first-generation jets include the [[F-80A-5]], [[Meteor_F_Mk 3|Meteor Mk. 3]], [[Vampire_FB 5|Vampire]], [[MiG-9]], [[Kikka]] and [[Yak-15]]. The Me 262 is the heaviest of them and thus reigns straight line kinetic energy retention at high speeds.

* '''Top speed''' goes to the [[F-80C-10|F-80]], followed by the MiG-9 and Meteor F.4. Not all is grim though! Both the Vampire and Yak-15 sit far at the end of the spectrum.
* The [[Sea_Meteor_F_Mk 3|Sea Meteor]] has the best '''acceleration''' in the horizontal, although it will break apart before it can reach its top speed. In the vertical, however, the weight and design of the Me 262 allow for the most rapid dive in this time era.
* '''Turn rate''': '''''Do not turn in jets!''''', or heavy fighters like in this case. Pure horizontal manoeuvres are reserved for emergency situations and should be avoided accordingly.

As such, the Me 262 is often lacking in certain traits compared to its BR contemporaries. Always try to get a drop on the opponent and catch them by surprise rather than a straight-up dogfight.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Heavy armament of 4 30mm MK 108
* Powerful mine shells
* Decent agility but outturned by the majority of fighters, jet or prop, it can face

'''Cons:'''

* Very bad acceleration
* Bad climb
* As with most Me 262's, the take-off run is relatively long
* Exposed and fragile engines, very prone to fires and oil leaks
* Some of the if not the worst aircraft gun ballistics in the game, very low muzzle velocity and a lot of drag, hitting a manouvring target beyond 500m is nearly impossible
* Cannons have very small ammo count, requires trigger discipline
* Cannons are inaccurate
* Tends to "flip about" after doing vertical manoeuvres
* Unusually high wing angle of attack is required for level flight at most speed ranges so aircraft tends to bleed energy easier when turning
* Fuel feed cuts off if flying with inverted G-loads for an extended period of time

== History ==


=== In-game description ===
The Messerschmitt Me 262 was a German jet fighter, fast bomber and reconnaissance aircraft of the WWII era. It was the world's first mass-produced jet fighter and the first jet aircraft to see combat. The first serial variant, the Me 262 A-1a, unofficially known as 'Schwalbe', arrived for flight testing in Lechfeld in July 1944. The construction used generic alloys, was almost fully riveted and its weight was rather high, all for the sake of ease of mass production. The Jumo 004B-1 jet engine (later B-2 and B-3) also housed a 2-stroke Riedel motorcycle engine, used as a starter. Two small 17-liter fuel tanks were used to power the starter. The rest of the fuel was housed in the fuselage. Two main and two extra fuel tanks were used. Main tanks held 900 liters of fuel, the nose tank had 170 liters and the rear tank held 600 liters.

Radio equipment included the FuG 16ZY radio (later replaced with the FuG 15) and the FuG 25a IFF set. The 262 was armed with four 30mm MK 108 cannon with 100 rounds per gun for the top pair and 80 rounds per gun for the bottom pair. The pilot was protected by a 90mm armored glass and 15mm armored plating on the sides and back.

The Me 262 A-1 was easier to fly than the Bf 109G. Considering the great range of available airspeeds, the cockpit equipment was rather sparse. Although the turn radius for the jet fighter was significantly wider than that of a piston fighter, it could better retain high speeds in a turn. Its acceleration was much worse than that of a piston plane, but the Me 262 had an incredible dive rate, which could occasionally threaten going past Mach 1.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=germany&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=fighter&vehicle=me-262a-1a Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:FighterImage_Me262V1 frontal.jpg|First prototype was fitted with a Jumo 210 600 hp and a wooden propeller. This saved the test pilot on at least one occasion.
File:FighterImage_Me262v1 take off asymetrical.jpg|Asymmetrical jet engine test prototype
File:FighterImage Me262A-1.jpg|Me 262A "White 3" at the Dübendorf airfield in Switzerland
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|V77eUJjifzM|'''The Me-262 family''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 1:26 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|hgi1k_ljFYw|'''The Shooting Range #14''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 06:16 discusses the Me 262 and the Kikka.|bxalaBFUfb8|'''The Shooting Range #174''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:45 discusses the Me 262 "Schwalbe".|Spx654gP4Ac|'''{{PAGENAME}} [Brutal Schwalbe]''' - ''Jengar''|6Xiqj1h2qrQ|'''AIR SHARK: The {{PAGENAME}}''' - ''MikeGoesBoom''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/320881-messerschmitt-me-262-a-1a-a-1au4/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer BFW}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

Me 262 A-1a

2021-03-21T22:44:05Z

U55894676: Updated pros and cons

{{About
| about = German jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = Me 262 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=me-262a-1a
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

[[File:Me262 intercepting B-29.png|thumbnail|left|The Schwalbe in its interceptor role. [http://live.warthunder.com/post/36378/ Historic camouflage] of the 2./KG51 'Edelweiß']]
This aircraft is a true heavy fighter in every way. Thus, the following is guaranteed: bomber "box formations" fall apart under your heavy rocket bombardments, flying fortresses perish within seconds by this machine's mighty claws, and the unusually low velocity of the German "sledgehammer" MK 108 cannons this aircraft wields will probably drive you insane.

The MK 108 has insane damage potential. With the second greatest in-game burst mass of 14.52 kg/s (32.01 lbs/s) and the great explosive warhead "Minengeschoss" (mine-shell), this weapon will vaporize aircraft, especially bombers. But every coin has a flip side and the "Sledgehammer" is no exception. The amazing rate of fire is exchanged with a very short barrel and small propellant charges, resulting in very bad ballistics. The MK 108 cannon fires the slowest shells with the greatest bullet drop in the game. Thus, the MK 108 makes no compromises, only excelling in the "extremes".

As you might guess, the MK 108 is a very bad anti-fighter weapon particularly in a jet to jet combat. Bullet drop and slow velocity result in a severe difficulty leading shots at ranges above 300 meters (350 yds). In dogfights where both aircraft are constantly turning and changing direction, this trait gets even worse. The high speeds of jet battle push the necessary lead for hitting the target farther in front of the enemy. Training with this weapon system in a custom battle against random enemies is heavily advised.

The MK 108 cannons have an ammo indicator in the cockpit, which is typical for Luftwaffe aircraft. It sits directly beneath the compass (the one with the little plane in the middle). The left white column is for the two top auto-cannons. The right one is for the bottom two cannons; this bar is also taller than the left one as the ammo count is different for the two pairs.

[[File:Cockpit_Me262.jpg|thumbnail|right|The Schwalbe's instrument panel.]]

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 824 || 796 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.0 || 30.0 || 16.0 || 14.9 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| 909|| 865 || 27.7 || 28.0 || 24.5 || 20.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 558 || 529 || 380 || ~10 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 600 || < 680 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Junkers Jumo 004B-1 || 2
| colspan="3" | 4,280 kg || colspan="3" | 287 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 16m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 53m fuel
|-
| 720 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 4,894 kg || 5,041 kg || 5,409 kg || 5,961 kg || 6,255 kg || 6,520 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 16m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 53m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 910 kgf || N/A
| 0.37 || 0.36 || 0.34 || 0.30 || 0.29 || 0.28
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 910 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.37 || 0.36 || 0.34 || 0.30 || 0.29 || 0.28
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 15 mm Steel - Behind the pilot
* 15 mm Steel - Pilot's headrest
* 15 mm Steel - Between cockpit and fore fuel tank
* 15 mm Steel - Instrument panel plate
* 16 mm Steel x 2 - Ammunition protection plates
* 90 mm Bulletproof glass
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 in front of pilot, 1 under pilot's feet, 2 behind pilot)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

The biggest issue of the Schwalbe is its bad acceleration across all speeds. Thus, ''Compressor'' and ''Engine'' upgrades have the highest priority. The cannons' stock belts are decent, but the high explosive content increases with the new ammo in ''Offensive 30 mm''. Including them into the upgrade route is not a bad idea. The same applies for the rockets in the ''R1 modification''. Being able to knock out bases (~40) or tanks (direct hit) with these warheads makes a long game much easier to win. ''New 30 mm cannons'' is an interesting upgrade choice as it increases accuracy above 300 meters (350 yds), but the MK 108 will still be unable to hit any at 500 meters (600 yds).

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MK 108 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 30 mm MK 108 cannons (2 x 100 RPG top + 2 x 80 RPG bottom = 360 total)

All four cannons are arranged in bundles of two mounted on the underside of the upper mounted in the nose of the aircraft. Two are outfitted with 100 RPG, while the other two have 30 RPG.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|R4M}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can externally outfit:

* 24 x 55 mm R4M rockets
* 48 x 55 mm R4M rockets

== Usage in battles ==


As a heavy fighter, the 'Schwalbe' is not nimble, but neither are other first-generation jets. Compared to them, the Me 262 is actually quite agile and possesses a speed, roll, and damage output advantage against certain adversaries.

However, don't be fooled - this aircraft was the first operational jet fighter. Generally, anything 3 years older than the 262 outclasses it. Against them, the 262's turn rate is your only advantage, with the exclusion of the Gloster Meteor. Avoid combat with Meteors if possible, however, if engaged with a Sea Meteor or any later variant, do not attempt to dive as it will only make your situation worse. Try alternating barrel rolls to force them to overshoot. Joystick users can try the classic trick of banking the aircraft about 120-180 degrees out of phase of the enemy aircraft with a positive G-load but as usual, they will need to watch their altitude carefully.

The 'Schwalbe' climb rate is actually not too bad as stock in 6.0-7.0 games but to climb well you need to be around 450 to 500 km/h for best climb rate which can be visually unappealing due to its low angle of climb. This in itself can be used to out-run and climb simultaneously as an advantage.

The Schwalbe has three main possible usages:

*'''Air-supremacy-fighter''':

''Find and destroy other fighters''. While the historic purpose of the Me 262 was a bomber interceptor, it performs well against other fighters. However, it must be played like a heavy fighter or, for instance, the Fw 190 series. Be careful and plan every step ahead, including your retreat and how you will regain lost energy. A standard attack looks like the following:

# Find a target already engaged in combat and busy or an enemy who is alone.
# Position yourself with either a speed or energy advantage in the enemy's blind-spot (where they would least expect you, attacking with the sun behind you is a good tactic).
# Proceed closer to the enemy aircraft with the energy advantage you hold.
# Launch a deadly surprise attack.
# Escape any other nearby enemies with a "zoom climb" or a continuation of the approach at your maximum speed.
# Once enough separation has been gained (3-5 km), regain energy by accelerating or climbing. Likewise, engaging a different target who has lower energy is an option.

These tactics are virtually the same as used by the Fw 190 series and also works on all early jets ([[Meteor F Mk 3|Meteor F 3]], [[F-80A-5|P-80]], [[MiG-9]], [[F2H-2|F2H]], [[Kikka]], [[R2Y2 Kai V1|R2Y2]]), etc. 
Against later jets, ([[Sea Meteor F Mk 3|Sea Meteor]], [[La-15]], [[F9F-2|F9F]]), it gets trickier as they can easily neglect any energy advantage you built up due to their superior acceleration. The approach suggested above will still work, but needs to be executed with even more caution. Having allies nearby to assist is also often mandatory in matches like these, as a single 262 bears little threat to Korean War jets. 
Against these superior foes, one of the 262's lesser strengths can be used - the turn rate. For '''a few''' turns, the Schwalbe will easily outmanoeuvre most Korean War jets, apart from the naval carrier jets like the [[F9F-2|F9F Panther]] and [[Sea Meteor F Mk 3|Seameteor]]. 

* '''Bomber interceptor''':

History's call. Seek and annihilate any heavy bombers with the impressive armament the Me 262 brings to the battlefield. Avoid getting shot at though! The 262's engines are weak and like to burn. If the engines catch on fire, throttle down and then shut off the engine (default "i") and go into a dive to gain speed. Rockets are also fun in this mode, as the Schwalbe has the option to carry up to 48 55 mm R4M rockets. Don't forget to set a detonation timer for the R4M missiles so they do not require direct hits. 600-800 meters is suggested.

*'''Ground attacker''':

Bad acceleration and a high stall speed - usually not the traits wielded by an attacker, but the Schwalbe as two very convincing arguments on its side: R4M rockets and bad [[Matchmaker|matchmaking]]. The 24 (48 seconds unlock) rockets can destroy light pillboxes, medium tanks and mini bases (~50 rocket impacts). Peculiar to note is the ability of the MK 108 to destroy light pillboxes. 60-80 shots are needed from a very low angle and from a short distance. Also, the Me 262 can get dragged up to games where it will face Korean War jets. One could try, as an experienced pilot, to get the best out of the situation. Those who are not as skilled at ground attacking still benefit the team; if the match starts to take longer, a ground victory becomes a viable option. The same applies if the last enemy is hiding and the tickets start to count down.

Going against other countries would bring out their jets. Other countries' first-generation jets include the [[F-80A-5]], [[Meteor_F_Mk 3|Meteor Mk. 3]], [[Vampire_FB 5|Vampire]], [[MiG-9]], [[Kikka]] and [[Yak-15]]. The Me 262 is the heaviest of them and thus reigns straight line kinetic energy retention at high speeds.

* '''Top speed''' goes to the [[F-80C-10|F-80]], followed by the MiG-9 and Meteor F.4. Not all is grim though! Both the Vampire and Yak-15 sit far at the end of the spectrum.
* The [[Sea_Meteor_F_Mk 3|Sea Meteor]] has the best '''acceleration''' in the horizontal, although it will break apart before it can reach its top speed. In the vertical, however, the weight and design of the Me 262 allow for the most rapid dive in this time era.
* '''Turn rate''': '''''Do not turn in jets!''''', or heavy fighters like in this case. Pure horizontal manoeuvres are reserved for emergency situations and should be avoided accordingly.

As such, the Me 262 is often lacking in certain traits compared to its BR contemporaries. Always try to get a drop on the opponent and catch them by surprise rather than a straight-up dogfight.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Heavy armament of 4 30mm MK 108
* Powerful mine shells
* Decent agility but outturned by the majority of fighters, jet or prop, it can face

'''Cons:'''

* Very bad acceleration
* Bad climb
* As with most Me 262's, the take-off run is relatively long
* Exposed and fragile engines, very prone to fires
* Horrible gun ballistics, very low muzzle velocity and a lot of drag, hitting a manouvring target beyond 500m is nearly impossible
* 30 mm cannons have very small ammo count, requires trigger discipline
* Cannons are inaccurate
* Tends to "flip about" after doing vertical manoeuvres
* Unusually high wing angle of attack is required for level flight at most speed ranges so aircraft tends to bleed energy easier when turning
* Fuel feed cuts off if flying with inverted G-loads for an extended period of time

== History ==


=== In-game description ===
The Messerschmitt Me 262 was a German jet fighter, fast bomber and reconnaissance aircraft of the WWII era. It was the world's first mass-produced jet fighter and the first jet aircraft to see combat. The first serial variant, the Me 262 A-1a, unofficially known as 'Schwalbe', arrived for flight testing in Lechfeld in July 1944. The construction used generic alloys, was almost fully riveted and its weight was rather high, all for the sake of ease of mass production. The Jumo 004B-1 jet engine (later B-2 and B-3) also housed a 2-stroke Riedel motorcycle engine, used as a starter. Two small 17-liter fuel tanks were used to power the starter. The rest of the fuel was housed in the fuselage. Two main and two extra fuel tanks were used. Main tanks held 900 liters of fuel, the nose tank had 170 liters and the rear tank held 600 liters.

Radio equipment included the FuG 16ZY radio (later replaced with the FuG 15) and the FuG 25a IFF set. The 262 was armed with four 30mm MK 108 cannon with 100 rounds per gun for the top pair and 80 rounds per gun for the bottom pair. The pilot was protected by a 90mm armored glass and 15mm armored plating on the sides and back.

The Me 262 A-1 was easier to fly than the Bf 109G. Considering the great range of available airspeeds, the cockpit equipment was rather sparse. Although the turn radius for the jet fighter was significantly wider than that of a piston fighter, it could better retain high speeds in a turn. Its acceleration was much worse than that of a piston plane, but the Me 262 had an incredible dive rate, which could occasionally threaten going past Mach 1.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=germany&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=fighter&vehicle=me-262a-1a Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:FighterImage_Me262V1 frontal.jpg|First prototype was fitted with a Jumo 210 600 hp and a wooden propeller. This saved the test pilot on at least one occasion.
File:FighterImage_Me262v1 take off asymetrical.jpg|Asymmetrical jet engine test prototype
File:FighterImage Me262A-1.jpg|Me 262A "White 3" at the Dübendorf airfield in Switzerland
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|V77eUJjifzM|'''The Me-262 family''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 1:26 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|hgi1k_ljFYw|'''The Shooting Range #14''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 06:16 discusses the Me 262 and the Kikka.|bxalaBFUfb8|'''The Shooting Range #174''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:45 discusses the Me 262 "Schwalbe".|Spx654gP4Ac|'''{{PAGENAME}} [Brutal Schwalbe]''' - ''Jengar''|6Xiqj1h2qrQ|'''AIR SHARK: The {{PAGENAME}}''' - ''MikeGoesBoom''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/320881-messerschmitt-me-262-a-1a-a-1au4/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer BFW}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

J6K1

2021-03-19T20:50:06Z

U55894676:

{{Specs-Card
|code=j6k1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=J6K1 (Japan)
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]] as the main pilot reward for the 2019 winter event [[wt:en/news/6521-special-operation-f-r-o-s-t-en|Operation F.R.O.S.T]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The J6K is an excellent air superiority fighter at its tier that can easily compete with its contemporaries. Originally designed as an interceptor to counter the legendary [[B-29A-BN|B-29]], it performs the best at altitude and mounts an insane amount of weapons for its size and class at the cost of lower ammunition per gun. Despite the weight of the aircraft, it retains reasonable maneuverability, climb rate and top speed which turn it into an enemy's nightmare when piloted well.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 10,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 664 || 645 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 18.2 || 19.2 || 12.4 || 12.4 || rowspan="2" | 400
|-
! Upgraded
| 710 || 686 || 17.8 || 18 || 20 || 16
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 460 || 382 || 280 || ~12 || ~9
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 390 || < 390 || < 470 || > 324
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Compressor
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
! Setting 1
| 1,000 m || 2,000 hp || 2,190 hp
|-
! Setting 2
| 4,500 m || 1,785 hp || 1,955 hp
|-
! Setting 3
| 9,000 m || 1,578 hp || 1,728 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8 mm steel plate behind the pilot
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 underneath pilot, 1 behind previously mentioned fuel tank, 1 in each wing)

Befitting of a Japanese aircraft, it is quite susceptible to damage. Despite the wings being strong enough to hold up in high G manoeuvres, they are quite weak when taking battle damage, especially so when doing said manoeuvres. Fires are also quite deadly, which happen quite often due to the large amount of fuel tanks scattered about the aircraft.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Type 99 Model 2 (20 mm)|Type 3 (13.2 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 6 x 20 mm Type 99 Model 2 cannons, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 1,200 total)
* 2 x 13.2 mm Type 3 machine guns, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 400 total)

The J6K1 ''Jinpu'' is an ostensibly well-armed aircraft, boasting the most cannons of any Japanese aircraft. Although the [[Type 99 Model 2 (20 mm)|Type 99 Model 2]]'s lack the stopping power of the [[Type 5 (30 mm)|Type 5]]/[[Ho-155 (30 mm)|Ho-155]] typically mounted on tier IV Japanese aircraft, they can do the job well when aimed accurately. The Type 3 HMG's are also reasonable spotting weapons that have similar muzzle velocity to the 20 mm's and are quite accurate, allowing for easy follow-up shots. One should not rely on the HMG's as they deal negligible damage. Due to the considerable space between the cannons, it is recommended to set a convergence below 500 meters. Otherwise, you will only be hitting the target with your practically nonexistant 13mm HMGs.

Your belt setup should be either stealth or universal for both weapons. However, universal for the cannons and stealth for the HMG's allow you to focus on tracking with the cannons, which helps with players who either are learning to or have trouble with aiming them.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|Navy Type 97 Number 6 (60 kg)|Navy Type 98 Number 25 (250 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x 60 kg Navy Type 97 Number 6 bombs (240 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg Navy Type 98 Number 25 bombs (500 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==
The J6K1 can be thought of as a slightly heavier N1K2. This means your climb rate and turn rate have been nerfed somewhat. In the beginning of each battle you will need to sideclimb as the J6K's added weight makes the climb rate rather subpar against many of your opponents. It is reasonably maneuverable and beats every American aircraft spare the [[P-59A]] in RB, it is not nearly enough to compete with the Spitfires, Re.2005's, and even some variants of the Bf 109 that are very commonly encountered in Arcade. However, it holds specific advantages over all of these aircraft, which changes depending on which one it's engaging. Versus Merlin Spitfires it outspeeds them and destroys them at high altitude, versus Griffon Spitfires it can out-maneuver them and it's considerably faster than the Re.2005 and can deal quite a bit of damage with its large armament setup. The only exception to these are the Bf 109's, as your approach style will have to change depending on the variant of the Messerschmitt in question and if they are mounting gunpods or not. You can outmaneuver the G-6, G-10, G-14 and K-4 when they mount the gunpods but you can't outspeed them, however the reverse is true for the G-2 and F-4. Ideally, you should Boom-&-Zoom 109's if you have an altitude advantage or try to head-on them but the latter poses a significant risk due to the lack of bulletproof glass on the J6K.

Speed and altitude are your best friends when piloting the ''Jinpu''. The Nakajima Homare 42 engine that powers the aircraft is tuned for high altitude combat, and is quite poor at altitudes below 2,000m, so altitudes around or above 4,000m are your ideal combat areas. Once you reach that altitude, start hunting for bombers and high flying attackers, then tear them to shreds with your impressive armament layout. If there are no bombers or they have all been destroyed, you are free to fly a more reserved high altitude energy fighter role versus other fighters. If diving on an opponent, be wary that the J6K stiffens up quite severely at speeds and has quite a low absolute rip speed of 780 kmh/484 mph.

When turnfighting, you should stay at around 400 km/h. Above this speed and your control surfaces will stiffen, while going below the speed will cause weight of the J6K to drag you down. Remember to pop your flaps out whenever turning. In many cases, the J6K is like a N1K2 with more guns and a better engine, with slightly worse climb and flaps.

==== Specific enemies worth noting: ====

* [[P-51H-5-NA]]. The last of the Mustangs is a fearsome opponent that can walk all over the J6K if given the chance. It's significantly quicker, is better at altitude, and climbs better. To top it off, it mounts a sextet of the unnaturally powerful Browning M2 .50 cals that can literally light an aircraft ablaze in a short burst. Fortunately, it's quite poor in an extended turning engagement as a result of its design focusing on high speed combat and has a very weak airframe. Attempt to force it to turn fight you and bleed all of its energy, but be sure to make effective use of combat flaps and rudder.
* [[F8F-1B]]. '''Bearcat.''' This one word strikes fear into the hearts of all opponents who hear it, and the ''Jinpu'' is no exception. The last single-engined fighter of the famed Grumman Cat series can both literally and figuratively destroy the J6K with its amazing speed, excellent armament, Near Focke-wulf roll rate, and brutal acceleration. It is the only aircraft the J6K can simply not deal with, so it should be avoided at all costs unless it is distracted. If one tries to force an engagement with you, immediately seek assistance from teammates. If there is no way you can escape, head-on the Bearcat and pull off at around 1.1 km. Try to start a turnfight with the enemy. Your superior turn time and slightly better manuvering energy retention will allow you to eventually bleed the Bearcat's speed and light him up. However, under no circumstance should you go vertical with the Bearcat unless you have superior energy.
* [[I-225]]. The white Russian menace is the king of high-altitude combat. It outspeeds you, outclimbs you and can easily light you on fire with its fast-firing quad setup of ShVAK's. However, it is very poor in a turning engagement and has an extremely weak airframe. Turn-fight then light it up.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 3 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent armament. use universal for the 20mm as HEF is signficantly better than HEF-I
* Manouverable but watch our for Bearcats, Yaks and Spitfires
* Reasonably fast for a Japanese fighter
* Solid energy retention
* Good acceleration
* Effective combat flaps and rudder
* Reasonable cockpit visibility despite a few bars
* Good roll rate
* Control surfaces lock up is very low

'''Cons:'''

* A bit fragile due to lack of armour, pilot is very vulnerable too
* Vne (never exceed speed) is 780 km/h TAS
* Can face early jets, the A2D is a common opponent too and can easily outrun you

== History ==

The Kawanishi J6K ''Jinpu'' was a land-based interceptor fighter design finalized by the Kawanishi Aircraft Company in 1944. It was an improved version of the earlier discontinued Kawanishi J3K using a more powerful engine, the Nakajima Homare 42 radial engine, rather than the Mitsubishi MK9B.

;J3K

In early 1942, Kawanishi and its engineers were developing their first ever land-based fighter out of their own volition (which would later be known as the [[N1K (Family)|N1K-J ''Shiden (Kai)'']]). At the same time, the Navy approached Kawanishi with the ''{{Annotation|17-Shi|17th year of the Showa reign, 1942}} Fighter Plane'' plan. Instead of using their own N1K design for the contract, they decided to design a new land-based fighter from scratch instead.

While developing the plane, Kawanishi insisted on using the Nakajima Homare engine instead of the Mitsubishi Ha-43-21 (MK9) that the Navy demanded for (this wasn't the first time they would defy the Navy's orders as the same happend during the development of the [[N1K1]]). Kawanashi's reasoning was mainly production-related however as their own Homare engine was still in development and building an airframe without a complete engine would be stagnant.

Because of this and the already in development [[N1K (Family)|N1K-J ''Shiden (Kai)'']], Kawanishi opted to cancel the J3K project and with that the 17-shi in early 1943.

;J6K

After the J3K, the Nakajima NK9A Homare 42 was fully developed and Kawanishi restarted the designing of the J3K, now under the designation of J6K ''Jinpu''.

(Other J-designations went to: J3K, J4M ''Senden'', [[J5N1|J5N ''Tenrai'']]).

In June of 1944 a design was fully drawn up and ready to be put up to the test and a first airframe was to be built. There were 3 possible armaments for the plane which would be:

* 2 x 13.2 mm machine guns (nose), 4 x 20 mm cannons (wings)
* 2 x 13.2 mm machine guns (nose), 2 x 30 mm cannons (wings)
* 6 x 20 mm cannons (wings)

While a mock-up was being built, their homebrew of the [[N1K (Family)|N1K-J ''Shiden'']] within the Navy was successfully causing havoc among the Americans, reducing the need for the new aircraft.

During a private-venture meeting in May 1945, just before the end of the war, there would be plans to reconsider the plane for a high-altitude role, but these plans would be the last nail to the coffin, as there were plans to improve the [[A7M (Family)|A7M]] for this role instead.

== Media ==

<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:J6K1 Standard Green.png|Standard camouflage
File:J6K1 Experimental Camo.png|Experimental orange camouflage earned by getting 11x pilot stars in 2019 "Operation F.R.O.S.T."
</gallery>

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6521-special-operation-f-r-o-s-t-en|[Special<nowiki>]</nowiki> Operation F.R.O.S.T.]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/475165-j6k1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Kawanishi}}
{{Japan fighters}}
{{Japan premium aircraft}}
{{Winter Event}}

Panther F

2021-03-05T23:19:29Z

U55894676:

{{About
|about = German medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|other
|usage-1 = other uses
|link-1 = Panther (Disambiguation)
|usage-2 = other vehicles of the family
|link-2 = Panther tank (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_pzkpfw_V_ausf_f_panther
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' ('''{{Specs|pseudonym}}''') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before [[Update 1.41]]. As of [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]], it became the last Panther in the German tech tree due to the removal of the [[Panther II]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}
'''Armour type:'''

*Rolled homogeneous armour
*Cast homogeneous armour (gun mantlet, cupola)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Armour!!Front (Slope angle)!!Sides (Slope angle)!!Rear (Slope angle)!!Roof
|-
|Hull||80 mm (55°) ''Front glacis''
50 mm (56°) ''Lower glacis''
|50 mm (30°) ''Top''
41.5 + 5 mm ''Lower''
|40 mm (24°)||25 mm
|-
|Turret||120 mm
100 mm ''gun mantlet''
|60 mm||60 mm||40 mm
|-
|Cupola||80 mm
!
!
!
|}

From the hull up, the F variation of the Panther is similar to previous models. However, the biggest and most noticeable change is seen in the turret design. Instead of the transverse-cylindrical mantlet of the [[Panther D|D]] and [[Panther A|A]] models or the chinned mantlet of the [[Panther G|G]] model, the Panther F features a brand new trapezoidal turret named the ''Schmaltürme'' (or "Narrow Turret"). This new turret features a bevy of positives over its previous iterations, including beefier armour and the removal of the prominent shot trap caused by the cylindrical nature of the previous model's mantlet. Although this new turret is a welcome addition, it is not without its weaknesses.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 930|rbMinHp= 531|}}Mediocre mobility.

Like all Panthers it is not very responsive and the reduced enginer power at 600 hp results in a 13 hp/ton ratio..

This is enough to go where you need to, but other medium tanks and maybe even some heavies will move around the battlefield more quickly.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|KwK44 (75 mm)}}The KwK 44 is an incredibly effective gun when engaging enemy armour due to its penetration. Although not as effective as the later legendary [[KwK43 (88 mm)|KwK43]], it's enough to penetrate most enemies it will face, resulting in many one or two-shot kills with the help of the PzGr 39's explosive filler. The penetration combined with the excellent accuracy and rangefinder makes it an ideal sniping cannon too.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[KwK44 (75 mm)|75 mm KwK44]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 82 || rowspan="2" | -8°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 14.28 || 19.76 || 24.00 || 26.55 || 28.24 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.93 || 10.50 || 12.75 || 14.10 || 15.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| PzGr 39/42 || APCBC || 192 || 188 || 173 || 156 || 140 || 126
|-
| PzGr 40/42 || APCR || 228 || 224 || 204 || 182 || 162 || 145
|-
| Sprgr. 42 || HE || 11 || 11 || 11 || 11 || 11 || 11
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| PzGr 39/42 || APCBC || 935 || 6.8 || 1.2 || 14.0 || 28.9 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| PzGr 40/42 || APCR || 1,120 || 4.75 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| Sprgr. 42 || HE || 700 || 5.74 || 0.1 || 0.5 || 725 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! 9th rack empty
! 10th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''82''' || 80 ''(+2)'' || 74 ''(+8)'' || 62 ''(+20)'' || 50 ''(+32)'' || 38 ''(+44)'' || 26 ''(+56)'' || 22 ''(+60)'' || 12 ''(+70)'' ||4 ''(+78)'' || 1 ''(+81)'' || style="text-align:center" | Yes
|-
|}

Right side empty: 50 ''(+32)'' or both sides empty: 22 ''(+60)''

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|MG34 (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG34 (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm MG34]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,000 (150) || 900 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


Although having worse turret traverse speed and mobility compared to the the Panther A, the F version trades it for better turret armor, a rangefinder and faster reload.

The Panther F is classified as a medium tank but often plays like a heavy tank and is doing a better job in this role than the actual heavy tank, the Tiger 1.

Your front plate can withstand almost everything up to around 180mm pen, which means that you are safe from a lot of enemies but also have to watch out for high pen guns like found on the T-26E1, IS-2, Centurion Mk 1 and most of the French tanks at and above your BR as they can punch right through your armor.

If you are being shot at, wiggle your turret and hull, it greatly improves the chance of bouncing the enemies round.

At close range the faster reload and high pen gun will allow you to push enemies and kill them from the front.

If the map allows it and you prefer this kind of playstyle, the Panther F also excels at sniping.

The distance will make your armor almost impenetrable to a lot of guns while being able to use the rangefinder, high muzzle velocity and great optics to pick off enemies.

While the gun is great, it cannot penetrate everything from the front.

Common opponents (that have effective armor against your gun) you will find and where to shoot them:

T-26E1: Gun barrel, there's not much you can do against this tank frontally

IS-1/2: Lower front plate, the upper plate is not reliable and the turret angles can bounce your shot quite often

Sherman Jumbo: Turret front or upper front plate at close range, lower side (slightly above the tracks) if angled.

At further ranges the Jumbo will be somewhat immune for your APCBC.

ARL-44: Turret cheeks, the upper front plate is 120mm thick and angled so even the long 88 gun will not punch through it

Centurion Mk 1: Lower front plate, the upper one can maybe be penetrated at close range and the turret cheeks will work with a careful shot

Pretty much everything can penetrate your turret face if at close range, so avoid standing still and give the enemy a well aimed shot at it.

In return you will be able to deal with almost everything frontally and even at a distance.

'''Special tactic: The Panther F's gun breech is almost impossible to knock out from the front due to the cone shaped mantlet in front of it. If your turret crew is knocked out and you have an enemy in front of you, don't be afraid to push him (if he can't pen your UFP that is) as your breech is almost guaranteed to stay intact.'''

'''His followup shot will often hit your dead crew while you replace your gunner and shoot back!'''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* New turret removes the shot trap which plagued earlier models
* Very good frontal armor, exceeds the Tiger
* 75 mm KwK 44 is a very high pen and easy to use gun, can deal with almost everything (some exceptions listed above)
* HE filler on PzGr 39 shell allows for easy one or two shot kills
* Has neutral steering
* Optical rangefinder, allows your to measure the range faster than the normal rangefinder and up to 2200/2500m (lv 150 expert/ace crew)
* Slightly faster reload than the other models of Panthers
* Can still work in max uptiers thanks to the great gun

'''Cons:'''

* Terrible reverse speed at only 3 kph
* Rather slow acceleration and steering, most other medium and even some heavy tanks will outclass your mobility
* Turret front, while well armored and trolly, is still a weakspot so do not rely on it too much
* Slower turret traverse than the Panther A and G,

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ground vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article. This section may also include the vehicle's devblog entry (if applicable) and the ingame encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== Encyclopedia Info ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

=== In-game description ===
In the autumn of 1944, production of a new variant of the Panther was planned, the Ausf. F variant. This version had stronger front armor on its hull (80 mm), its sides (50 mm), and the front part of its roof (25 mm). The Schmalturm 605 turret, developed by the company Daimler-Benz AG, was slightly smaller than the standard Panther turret. This allowed the forward armor to be reinforced up to 120 mm, at an inclination of 20°. The sides of the new turret had a thickness of 60 mm and an inclination of 25°, and the thickness of the gun mantlet reached 150 mm. Stereoscopic rangefinders produced by the company Zeiss were mounted on the sides of the turret. The vehicle was armed with a 75 mm KwK 42/1 L/70 or KwK 44/1 L/70 gun in a new mantlet.

A project was launched to equip the Panther with the longer 75 mm KwK L/100. Instead of a directional machine gun, the radio operator/gunner used an MP 44 assault rifle. Production plans stipulated that production Ausf. F tanks would only be released with road wheels with internal shock absorbers. During mass production, the tank was supposed to be fitted with a periscope sight with an optical stabilizer. Each tank could, if necessary, be equipped with an FG 1250 night vision device.

In October 1944, production of the Ausf. F was set to launch in the Daimler-Benz plant in Berlin in March 1945. But by January 1945, a single Panther Ausf. G prototype with a Schmallturm turret was ready. Due to the overall difficulty of Germany's situation at the time, only a few prototypes with a narrow turret and 8 tank hulls had been constructed by the end of the war. Some sources indicate that several Ausf. F variants were completed by Daimler-Benz between April 20 and 23, 1945, and they may have been used in combat operations.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Germany medium tanks}}

Panther F

2021-03-05T23:17:05Z

U55894676: Revisited pros and cons as well as advised playstyle.

{{About
|about = German medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|other
|usage-1 = other uses
|link-1 = Panther (Disambiguation)
|usage-2 = other vehicles of the family
|link-2 = Panther tank (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_pzkpfw_V_ausf_f_panther
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' ('''{{Specs|pseudonym}}''') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before [[Update 1.41]]. As of [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]], it became the last Panther in the German tech tree due to the removal of the [[Panther II]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}
'''Armour type:'''

*Rolled homogeneous armour
*Cast homogeneous armour (gun mantlet, cupola)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Armour!!Front (Slope angle)!!Sides (Slope angle)!!Rear (Slope angle)!!Roof
|-
|Hull||80 mm (55°) ''Front glacis''
50 mm (56°) ''Lower glacis''
|50 mm (30°) ''Top''
41.5 + 5 mm ''Lower''
|40 mm (24°)||25 mm
|-
|Turret||120 mm
100 mm ''gun mantlet''
|60 mm||60 mm||40 mm
|-
|Cupola||80 mm
!
!
!
|}

From the hull up, the F variation of the Panther is similar to previous models. However, the biggest and most noticeable change is seen in the turret design. Instead of the transverse-cylindrical mantlet of the [[Panther D|D]] and [[Panther A|A]] models or the chinned mantlet of the [[Panther G|G]] model, the Panther F features a brand new trapezoidal turret named the ''Schmaltürme'' (or "Narrow Turret"). This new turret features a bevy of positives over its previous iterations, including beefier armour and the removal of the prominent shot trap caused by the cylindrical nature of the previous model's mantlet. Although this new turret is a welcome addition, it is not without its weaknesses.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 930|rbMinHp= 531|}}Mediocre mobility.

Like all Panthers it is not very responsive and the reduced enginer power at 600 hp results in a 13 hp/ton ratio..

This is enough to go where you need to, but other medium tanks and maybe even some heavies will move around the battlefield more quickly.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|KwK44 (75 mm)}}The KwK 44 is an incredibly effective gun when engaging enemy armour due to its penetration. Although not as effective as the later legendary [[KwK43 (88 mm)|KwK43]], it's enough to penetrate most enemies it will face, resulting in many one or two-shot kills with the help of the PzGr 39's explosive filler. The penetration combined with the excellent accuracy and rangefinder makes it an ideal sniping cannon too.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[KwK44 (75 mm)|75 mm KwK44]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 82 || rowspan="2" | -8°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 14.28 || 19.76 || 24.00 || 26.55 || 28.24 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.93 || 10.50 || 12.75 || 14.10 || 15.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| PzGr 39/42 || APCBC || 192 || 188 || 173 || 156 || 140 || 126
|-
| PzGr 40/42 || APCR || 228 || 224 || 204 || 182 || 162 || 145
|-
| Sprgr. 42 || HE || 11 || 11 || 11 || 11 || 11 || 11
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| PzGr 39/42 || APCBC || 935 || 6.8 || 1.2 || 14.0 || 28.9 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| PzGr 40/42 || APCR || 1,120 || 4.75 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| Sprgr. 42 || HE || 700 || 5.74 || 0.1 || 0.5 || 725 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! 9th rack empty
! 10th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''82''' || 80 ''(+2)'' || 74 ''(+8)'' || 62 ''(+20)'' || 50 ''(+32)'' || 38 ''(+44)'' || 26 ''(+56)'' || 22 ''(+60)'' || 12 ''(+70)'' ||4 ''(+78)'' || 1 ''(+81)'' || style="text-align:center" | Yes
|-
|}

Right side empty: 50 ''(+32)'' or both sides empty: 22 ''(+60)''

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|MG34 (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG34 (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm MG34]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,000 (150) || 900 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


Despite its slower turret traverse speed and mobility over the Panther A, it receives better turret armor, a rangefinder and faster reload.

The Panther F is classified as a medium tank but in reality plays like a heavy tank and is probably the best one for its BR actually.

Your front plate can withstand almost everything up to around 180mm pen, which means that you are safe from a lot of enemies but also have to watch out for high pen guns like found on the T-26E1, IS-2, Centurion Mk 1 and most of the French tanks at and above your BR as they can punch right through your armor.

If you are being shot at, wiggle your turret and hull, it greatly improves the chance of bouncing the enemies round.

At close range the faster reload and high pen gun will allow you to push enemies and kill them from the front.

If the map allows it and you prefer this kind of playstyle, the Panther F also excels at sniping.

The distance will make your armor almost impenetrable to a lot of guns while being able to use the rangefinder, high muzzle velocity and great optics to pick off enemies.

While the gun is great, it cannot penetrate everything from the front.

Common opponents (that have effective armor against your gun) you will find and where to shoot them:

T-26E1: Gun barrel, there's not much you can do against this tank frontally

IS-1/2: Lower front plate, the upper plate is not reliable and the turret angles can bounce your shot quite often

Sherman Jumbo: Turret front or upper front plate at close range, lower side (slightly above the tracks) if angled.

At further ranges the Jumbo will be somewhat immune for your APCBC.

ARL-44: Turret cheeks, the upper front plate is 120mm thick and angled so even the long 88 gun will not punch through it

Centurion Mk 1: Lower front plate, the upper one can maybe be penetrated at close range and the turret cheeks will work with a careful shot

Pretty much everything can penetrate your turret face if at close range, so avoid standing still and give the enemy a well aimed shot at it.

In return you will be able to deal with almost everything frontally and even at a distance.

'''Special tactic: The Panther F's gun breech is almost impossible to knock out from the front due to the cone shaped mantlet in front of it. If your turret crew is knocked out and you have an enemy in front of you, don't be afraid to push him (if he can't pen your UFP that is) as your breech is almost guaranteed to stay intact.'''

'''His followup shot will often hit your dead crew while you replace your gunner and shoot back!'''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* New turret removes the shot trap which plagued earlier models
* Very good frontal armor, exceeds the Tiger
* 75 mm KwK 44 is a very high pen and easy to use gun, can deal with almost everything (some exceptions listed above)
* HE filler on PzGr 39 shell allows for easy one or two shot kills
* Has neutral steering
* Optical rangefinder, allows your to measure the range faster than the normal rangefinder and up to 2200/2500m (lv 150 expert/ace crew)
* Slightly faster reload than the other models of Panthers
* Can still work in max uptiers thanks to the great gun

'''Cons:'''

* Terrible reverse speed at only 3 kph
* Rather slow acceleration and steering, most other medium and even some heavy tanks will outclass your mobility
* Turret front, while well armored and trolly, is still a weakspot so do not rely on it too much
* Slower turret traverse than the Panther A and G,

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ground vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article. This section may also include the vehicle's devblog entry (if applicable) and the ingame encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== Encyclopedia Info ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

=== In-game description ===
In the autumn of 1944, production of a new variant of the Panther was planned, the Ausf. F variant. This version had stronger front armor on its hull (80 mm), its sides (50 mm), and the front part of its roof (25 mm). The Schmalturm 605 turret, developed by the company Daimler-Benz AG, was slightly smaller than the standard Panther turret. This allowed the forward armor to be reinforced up to 120 mm, at an inclination of 20°. The sides of the new turret had a thickness of 60 mm and an inclination of 25°, and the thickness of the gun mantlet reached 150 mm. Stereoscopic rangefinders produced by the company Zeiss were mounted on the sides of the turret. The vehicle was armed with a 75 mm KwK 42/1 L/70 or KwK 44/1 L/70 gun in a new mantlet.

A project was launched to equip the Panther with the longer 75 mm KwK L/100. Instead of a directional machine gun, the radio operator/gunner used an MP 44 assault rifle. Production plans stipulated that production Ausf. F tanks would only be released with road wheels with internal shock absorbers. During mass production, the tank was supposed to be fitted with a periscope sight with an optical stabilizer. Each tank could, if necessary, be equipped with an FG 1250 night vision device.

In October 1944, production of the Ausf. F was set to launch in the Daimler-Benz plant in Berlin in March 1945. But by January 1945, a single Panther Ausf. G prototype with a Schmallturm turret was ready. Due to the overall difficulty of Germany's situation at the time, only a few prototypes with a narrow turret and 8 tank hulls had been constructed by the end of the war. Some sources indicate that several Ausf. F variants were completed by Daimler-Benz between April 20 and 23, 1945, and they may have been used in combat operations.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Germany medium tanks}}

Begleitpanzer 57

2020-12-30T19:39:19Z

U55894676: Updated pros and cons

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_begleitpanzer_57
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.73 "Vive la France"]].

At first glance, the Begleitpanzer 57 may be confused for a SPAA due to the light armoured chassis and a rapid-fire 57 mm auto cannon. On the turret is also a TOW launcher that can be fired in a SACLOS manner, meaning it will automatically align itself with the cross hair in-flight.

The Begleitpanzer 57 overall construction is similar to that of the [[T114]] with light armour all around that even heavy machine gun ammunition can penetrate through the sides. The turret's nature with its exterior gun mount also has its similarities.

As a light tank, the Begleitpanzer 57 carries a great firepower punch for its mobility despite its lack of armour. A rapid firing 57 mm cannon carries enough penetration rivaling that of the [[ZSU-57-2]], but the addition of a TOW launcher system makes this vehicle a dangerous opponent by being able to engage a variety of target at its leisure.

While the cannon shares the calibre with the Russian 57 mm gun, it is quite different in performance. The Russian SPAA has a slightly better combined fire rate and significantly more accuracy at range. You also start to lose the penetration advantage at 1 km compared to the HE belt of the ZSU-57-2. All of this combined makes you very reliant on your ATGM, of which you only have 6. Upgrading to the better ATGM is highly encouraged, the HE belt can be completely ignored as it can not reliably perforate Russian side armour.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 11 mm (76°), 32 mm (32°) ''Front glacis'' 32 mm (31-61°) ''Lower glacis'' || 15 mm (30°) ''Top'' 15 mm || 11 mm (24°) ''Top'' 11 mm (26°) || 11 mm
|-
| Turret || 25 mm (39°) ''Turret front'' 25 mm (0-9°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 15 mm (12-16°) ''Left side'' 15 mm ''Right side'' || 15 mm (39°) || 11 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 11 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 930|rbMinHp= 531|}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Bofors L/70 Mk.I (57 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Bofors L/70 Mk.I (57 mm)|57 mm Bofors L/70 Mk.I]]
|-
! colspan="2" | Capacity
! Fire rate (shots/minute)
! Vertical guidance
! Horizontal guidance
! Stabilizer
|-
| colspan="2" | 96 (48) || 200 || -8°/+45° || ±180° || N/A
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! Mode
! Stock
! Upgraded
! Prior + Full crew
! Prior + Expert qualif.
! Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || 20.0 || 27.67 || 33.6 || 39.53 || ??.??
|-
| ''Realistic'' || 12.5 || 14.7 || 17.22 || 20.87 || ??.??
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Stock
! Prior + Full crew
! Prior + Expert qualif.
! Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| 15.00 || 15.00 || 15.00 || 15.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| 57х438 AP-T || APCBC || 125 || 122 || 107 || 91 || 77 || 66
|-
| 57х438 HE-T || HE || 8 || 8 || 8 || 8 || 8 || 8
|-
| 57х438 HE-VT || HE || 8 || 8 || 8 || 8 || 8 || 8
|-
| 57х438 SAP-T || APHEBC || 94 || 92 || 81 || 69 || 58 || 50
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! rowspan="2" | Normalisation at 30° from horizontal
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 57х438 AP-T || APCBC || 950 || 2.4 || N/A || N/A || N/A || +4.0° || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| 57х438 HE-T || HE || 1,020 || 2.4 || 0.4 || 0.1 || 450 || +0.0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 57х438 HE-VT || HE || 1,020 || 2.4 || 0.4 || 0.1 || 450 || +0.0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 57х438 SAP-T || APHEBC || 950 || 2.4 || 1.2 || 9.0 || 75 || +4.0° || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''96''' || 48 ''(+48)'' || 24 ''(+72)'' || 0 ''(+96)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* Racks 2 and 3 are first stage ammo racks. They total 48 shells and get filled first when loading up the tank.
* As the {{PAGENAME}} is equipped with mechanized magazines, manual reloading of the gun is not possible.
* Once racks 2 and 3 have been depleted, you can't shoot until the loader has restocked the mechanized magazines. The restocking time is longer than the normal reload time of the gun. Take this into account when playing.
* Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from racks 1 into rack 3 then 2. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready racks.
* The depletion order at full capacity is: 2 - 3 - 1.

==== [[Optics]] ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="3" | {{PAGENAME}} Optics
|-
!
! Default magnification
! Maximum magnification
|-
! Main Gun optics
| X4.0 || X12.1
|-
! Comparable optics
| colspan="2" | ???
|-
|}

=== Additional armament ===

{{main|BGM-71B TOW}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | BGM-71B TOW ATGM
|-
! Capacity
! Vertical guidance
! Flight speed (m/s)
! Range (m)
|-
| 6 || -6°/+20° || 299 || 3,000
|-
! colspan="4" | BGM-71C TOW ATGM
|-
! Capacity
! Vertical guidance
! Flight speed (m/s)
! Range (m)
|-
| 6 || -6°/+20° || 296 || 3,750
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| TOW || ATGM || 430 || 430 || 430 || 430 || 430 || 430
|-
| I-TOW || ATGM || 630 || 630 || 630 || 630 || 630 || 630
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! rowspan="2" | Normalisation at 30° from horizontal
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| TOW || ATGM || 299 || 18.8 || N/A || 0.1 || 2,450 || +0.0° || 80° || 82° || 90°
|-
| I-TOW || ATGM || 296 || 19 || N/A || 0.1 || 2,080 || +0.0° || 80° || 82° || 90°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}_secondary.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''6''' || No
|-
|}
Notes:

* It is not possible to select how many missiles to bring into battle.
* The missiles are listed from 1 to 6.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|4}}

{{main|MG 3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[MG 3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm MG 3A1]]
|-
! colspan="4" | ''Coaxial mount''
|-
! Capacity (Belt capacity)
! Fire rate (shots/minute)
! Vertical guidance
! Horizontal guidance
|-
| 5,000 (1,000) || 1,200 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The Begleitpanzer 57 is a very capable light tank and support vehicle. With proximity fuse HE shells in its 57 mm cannon, it can effectively engage air targets, and can destroy enemy IFVs and even MBTs with its high-penetration rounds. However, when shooting at enemy planes, it is best to wait until they are close before firing, since the vehicle does not have a very high ammo count. Alternatively, the vehicle carries missiles which can be used very effectively to destroy both helicopters and tanks at long ranges. The missile's travel time must be taken in to consideration, but it is nice to have when the enemy is too far away to engage with the 57 mm cannon.

The Begleitpanzer's main cannon can sometimes destroy MBTs from the front, but does damage much more consistently when shooting the enemy's weaker armoured side. For this reason, it is often wise to adopt an ambushing or flanking playstyle. This is helped by the vehicle's small profile and good mobility. It is easy to reach good firing positions and manoeuvre around the enemy quickly and without being seen. (And since the vehicle has poor armour, avoiding being seen will be very important for survival).

At the end of the day, the Begleitpanzer can be played as a light tank scout. It can't engage the enemy front-on, but it can be a valuable asset to the team and is lethal when played in the correct positions. Be sure to use the scouting ability to help friendly players locate enemy tanks. During night battles, the NVD modification will make scouting both easier to do and even more helpful to the team.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Effective against tanks and aircraft / helicopters
* Spotting feature as its a light tank
* Lethal when shooting enemies from the side
* 1st gen gunner thermals
* Proximity HE shells are very good against helicopters (proxy fuse is only active after 500m)
* Has access to a laser rangefinder

'''Cons:'''

* Low gun elevation (45 degrees) when dealing with enemy planes
* Can easily be hull broken or destroyed by even high-calibre machine guns
* Cannot destroy many enemies frontally
* Fairly low ammunition count
* Lacks a gun stabilizer.
* Gun breech is easily destroyed
* Must stop to fire AGTMs
* Loses accuracy when firing continuously

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=germany&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=light_tank&vehicle=germ_begleitpanzer_57 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|ZQ0XIBPcF4E|'''The Shooting Range #73''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:30 discusses the Begleitpanzer 57.|2h5kFyznXKU|'''Best IFVs''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 3:41 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://warthunder.com/en/news/5069-development-begleitpanzer-57-bofors-marder-united-at-last-en [Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> Begleitpanzer 57: Bofors/Marder united at last!]

{{Germany light tanks}}
[[Category:ATGM vehicles]]

TAM

2020-12-30T19:33:36Z

U55894676: Updated pros and cons

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_thyssen_henschel_tam
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (shortened to '''{{Specs|pseudonym}}''', English translated as: ''Argentine Medium Tank'') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German light tanks {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.81 "The Valkyries"]].

It's one of the best tanks Germany has to offer at this battle rating, with slightly better mobility than the A1A1 and the ability to scout. The minimal armour and hullbreak vulnerability are downsides. Similar to the A1A1, it shares a horrible stock grind but holds its own very nicely once APFSDS is unlocked.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour Type:'''

* Rolled Homogeneous Armor (hull, turret)
* Cast Homogeneous Armor (gunner periscope)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
|Hull || 11 mm (77°) ''Upper glacis - Engine access panel'' 32 mm (77°) ''Upper glacis - Sides'' 32 mm (29°) ''Lower glacis - Top'' 32 mm (60°) ''Lower glacis - Bottom'' || 15 mm (30°) ''Top'' 15 mm ''Bottom'' || 11 mm (23°) ''Upper plate'' 11 mm (27°) ''Lower plate''|| 11-32 mm (13°) ''Front glacis'' 11 mm ''Crew compartment'' 5 mm ''Radiator vents''
|-
|Turret || 50 mm (5-35°) ''Turret front'' 30 mm + 30 mm (51-63°) ''Mantlet Front'' 25 mm (7-10°) ''Mantlet Sides'' 20 mm (79°) ''Roof glacis'' 30 mm (cylindrical) ''Gunner periscope'' || 25 mm (24-27°) ''Crew Compartment'' 15 mm (27°) ''Bustle'' 25 mm ''Cupola well'' || 15 mm (22°) 11 mm (79°) ''Turret underside''|| 20 (11°) ''Roof glacis'' 11 mm
|-
|Cupola || colspan="3" style="text-align:center" | 35 mm (cylindrical) || 35 mm ''Outer ring'' 11 mm ''Centre''
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels, tracks and torsion bars are 20 mm thick.
* The belly is 11 mm thick.

The armour is composed of welded steel, providing protection up to 32 mm. The front can defend against 12.7 mm machine gun ammo, but the side armour is only proof against standard machine guns of 7.62 mm. However, most enemies that can be faced will usually have a 12.7 mm machine gun or larger in their possession, making it so even a burst of bullets could riddle the TAM with holes. With this in mind, take caution when flanking a tank with a disabled gun to get a side shot, as you can easily lose a few crew members to machine gunfire. This becomes less of an issue after unlocking the APFSDS round when side shots are rarely as necessary. The TAM also is hull-breakable, so large-calibre rounds have a chance of instantly destroying the vehicle.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 1116|rbMinHp= 637}}

The mobility is not bad, with a max of 75 km/h (RB) on the road in forward and -50 km/h in reverse. Off-road mobility is quite average, especially on flat terrain, but there is a poor steering response.
The TAM is powered by a MTU (Motoren- und Turbinen-Union Friedrichshafen GmbH) MB 833 Ka-500 520 kW (720 hp) that produces a good 720 hp at 2,400 rpm.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

After Parts and FPE, the most important modules are the DM23 shell and the NVD upgrade. After that, the focus should be on the Laser rangefinder or mobility upgrades, depending on personal preference.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|FMK.4 Modelo 1L (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[FMK.4 Modelo 1L (105 mm)|105 mm FMK.4 Modelo 1L]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 50 || rowspan="2" | -7°/+18° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 22.9 || 31.6 || 38.4 ||42.5|| 45.2 || rowspan="2" | 8.7 || rowspan="2" | 7.7 || rowspan="2" | 7.1 || rowspan="2" | 6.7
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.3 || 16.8 || 20.4 ||22.6|| 24.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| DM13|| APDS || 303 || 302 || 296 || 277 || 257 || 252
|-
| DM502 || HESH || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127
|-
| DM12 || HEATFS || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400
|-
| DM23 || APFSDS || 337 || 335 || 330 || 322 || 314 || 306
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| DM13|| APDS || 1,478 || 4.00 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 75° || 78° || 80°
|-
| DM502 || HESH || 732 || 14.85 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 4,310 || 73° || 77° || 80°
|-
| DM12 || HEATFS || 1,173 || 10.50 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,270 || 65° || 72° || 75°
|-
| DM23 || APFSDS || 1,455 || 3.79 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| M416 || 730 || 11.40 || 20 || 5 || 25 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''50''' || 41 ''(+9)'' || 30 ''(+20)'' || 21 ''(+11)'' || 1 ''(+49)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* Racks 3 and 4 are first stage ammunition racks (29 shells total), meaning they will deplete first (in the order of 3 then 4) but will replenish from the other racks, starting with rack 1 and then rack 2.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|FN MAG 60-40 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[FN MAG 60-40 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm FN MAG 60-40]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 2,000 (200) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Commander cupola || 2,000 (200) || 600 || -10°/+60° || ±120°
|-
|}

The small calibre of the FN MAG 60-40 machine guns make them largely ineffective against all armoured vehicles but the ones with an open compartment. They still can be used to ping targets as a rangefinding help or to mow down minor obstacles blocking your line of sight.

== Usage in battles ==

The TAM is a classic light tank, in that it has high mobility and a powerful armament with thin armor, but lacks gunner-sight NVD.

'''Characteristics'''

The mobility of the TAM is quite good, allowing it to out accelerate allies and enemies alike, as well as to reach the battle much quicker. This comes with a drawback though; the TAM has very little to speak of in terms of armor. Nearly every shot will penetrate the armor, and it is also vulnerable to hull break. Heavy machine gun rounds can even penetrate the side of the tank, and aircraft with cannons or machine guns are a great threat. Many autocannons from tanks or SPAAGs are able to penetrate the TAM from the front, although the steep slope of the upper glacis is able to bounce rounds.

DM23 APFSDS can penetrate most - if not all - enemies that can be faced by the TAM, making it the main ammunition choice of most TAM commanders. Despite having access to a decently powerful APFSDS round, there is more ammunition that should be considered. The DM12 HEATFS round can be used to hull break lightly armored vehicles, and also has a penetration of 400 mm - enough to penetrate anything but composite armor or ERA. The DM502 HESH round is probably the least useful of the ammunition choices, due to it being situational. It can be useful, but will often have trouble penetrating the front of enemy tanks; it is best used to hit the roof of a tank to splash down into the crew compartment. The M416 smoke round, while nearly useless against enemy tanks, can be incredibly useful in the right situation. It can be used to lay down visual cover for teammates or the TAM itself, to blind the enemy, or to lay a path to a well defended capture point. The -7° of gun depression is usable, but the commander must be careful not to put the TAM in a position where it has insufficient gun depression to fire without exposing too much of the tank.

'''Playstyle'''

Due to its characteristics, the TAM is a very versatile tank. The flanking and scouting gameplay style uses all the advantages of the TAM, while negating the disadvantages, making it one of the best ways to drive the TAM. The TAM's high mobility allows it to assume strong, advanced positions before the enemy expects it to. From there, the scouting ability and powerful armament can be used to mark enemy tanks on the map for friendly tankers to be aware of, or to annihilate them tanks from the side or front. It can do this either by sniping from longer ranges or by ambushing at closer ranges. The versatile ammunition selection allows practically any enemy tank to be engaged effectively from any angle. In closer range areas of a map, the TAM can use its high mobility to hit the enemy where they don't expect it or before they expect it. Hit and run tactics are good because it helps to prevent the enemy from honing in on the TAM's location to knock it out. Due to the low armor of the TAM, the best way to ensure survival is to not be hit. This is why ambushes, sniping, or flanking are the safest and most successful tactics, although aggressive pushes can work as well. Overall, the heavy firepower, scouting ability, and good mobility allow the TAM to be successful in any sort of map or situation. Be aware the TAM lacks gunner or commander's sight NVD!

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* Good firepower
* Faster and more manoeuvrable than the Begleitpanzer 57
* Wide variety of ammo - APFSDS, APDS, HEAT-FS, HESH, and smoke shells
* Commander's machine gun has a very high elevation limit, letting you shoot at planes and helicopters passing by
* Little armour sometimes lets you survive AP shots as they pass through the tank without dealing much damage
* Turret is on the back, by reversing out of cover, you don't expose the whole vehicle
* First ammo rack has more than enough shells for a battle
* By loading 21 shells all ammo racks except the one in the turret rear can be emptied
* Cheap repair cost

'''Cons:'''

* Very thin armour providing little to no protection
* Impossible to depress the gun when facing backwards
* Turret is on the back, in some situations, you will have to expose the whole tank to shoot, especially if you need gun depression (engine deck stops the gun from depressing)
* No thermals, only NVD

== History ==

During the 1960s, Argentina was looking far and wide for offers to update its ageing fleet of WW2-era tanks. After obtaining some vehicles, the U.S. refused to make further vehicle sales. This forced Argentina to shift their attention towards the European market, resulting in the purchase of a number of French AMX-13s and its variants.

In 1973 however, the Ministry of Defense drew up a set of requirements for a completely new combat vehicle that would be produced domestically and would to enter service by 1980. Despite knowing what they wanted, Argentinian engineers lacked the technical know-how in order to actually design and produce such a vehicle. Faced with this problem, the Argentinian government sought collaboration with a foreign company in order to design and build the vehicle they wanted. Eventually, a contracted was signed with the German Thyssen-Henschel company, a joint development effort soon ensued.

The TAM (Tanque Argentino Mediano, eng: Argentinian Medium Tank), as it would be designated, was based off the German Marder IFV and equipped with a modification of the British, the Royal Ordnance L7A3 cannon that was produced in Germany. The first two prototypes of the TAM were built in 1976 and 1977 respectively and underwent extensive testing over the course of two years.

After successfully passing testing, the TAM was put into mass production in 1979. The vehicles were armed with FMK.4 Modelo 1L cannons, which was a domestic licensed copy of the original German cannon. The government ordered 200 vehicles of the IFV variant. However, economic difficulties resulted in the order being only partially fulfilled before production was restarted later on. Argentina was also very keen on exporting the TAM to other countries, but despite interest and some contracts being signed, the TAM was never widely exported for various reasons.

A total of around 280 TAMs were built and most of them still serve in the Argentinian army, albeit with upgraded equipment. The TAM was never deployed in any combat operations to this date.

''- From [https://warthunder.com/en/news/5740-development-tam-replacing-the-old-guard-en Devblog]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=germany&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=light_tank&vehicle=germ_thyssen_henschel_tam Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<div><ul>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:TAM.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
</ul></div>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|1Y935Ei_pBg|'''{{PAGENAME}} - Never Taken Lightly''' - ''JustinPlaysYT''|RGFSkEdQcTg|'''TAMing The Enemy Team - New BR Causes Sealclubbing''' - ''Napalmratte''|XvCqay-RaPQ|'''The Shooting Range #123''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 05:10 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[TAM 2C]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[Leopard 1 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5740-development-tam-replacing-the-old-guard-en|[Devblog] TAM - Replacing The Old Guard]]
* [[wt:en/news/5714-development-tam-and-m247-sergeant-york-en|[Devblog] TAM and M247 Sergeant York]]
* [[wikipedia:Tanque_Argentino_Mediano|[Wikipedia] Tanque Argentino Mediano]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/coldwar/argentina/tanque_argentino_mediano.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Tanque Argentino Mediano (TAM)]

{{Germany light tanks}}

Radkampfwagen 90

2020-12-08T11:57:35Z

U55894676:

{{Specs-Card|code=germ_radpanzer_90}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.97 "Viking Fury"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

The Radkampfwagen 90, being a light tank, is surprisingly survivable. When talking about the survivability of this vehicle, it is best to separate the tank into two parts, the turret, and the hull.

'''The Hull'''

The hull of the Radkampfwagen 90 is the weakest part of the tank. While the hull does have "spaced armour", this is deceiving, as this will only protect you from HESH shells, and at 9.0, HESH is effectively useless, and in any case, most players will not be using it as their main shell. When hit by HEATFS, the hull of the Radwagen is very prone to hullbreak, but when hit with APFSDS, the tank can possibly survive a few hits, as long as the ammo is not detonated. In conclusion, the Radwagen's hull, at least from the front, can protect against non-apfsds autocannons, but the sides will be easily penned by even the Russian 14.5 mms, and the rear by American .50 cals.

'''The Turret'''

The turret of the Radkampfwagen 90 is surprisingly bouncy and well armoured. It features, at least on the front and sides, spaced armour, but as mentioned before, this will only protect you from HESH and small caliber AP and HE rounds. However, the turret of the Radwagen cannot be hullbroken. The turret face also features many weird angles, that have the possibility of ricocheting enemy rounds off of the sides. Another thing to note is that because of the large amounts of empty space in the turret, coupled with the lower damage of modern rounds, can allow you to survive multiple hits to the turret, even sometimes with enemy shells doing no damage. However, as with any armour, this should never be relied on, and should only be used as a last ditch effort.

In conclusion, you can take hits sometimes, but in any case, it is better to not get spotted or hit in the first place, and to get the first shot off.

Unlike other light tanks, with the exception of the turret ring, your front is immune to all heavy machine guns and most autocannon rounds (from IFVs and SPAA for example)!

This allows you to engage such vehicles with relative ease and destroy them whereas other light vehicles would get penetrated killed.

'''Armour Composition'''

* High Hardness Rolled Armour
* Rolled Homogeneous Armour
* Cast Homogeneous Armour
* Gun Steel

{| class="wikitable"
!Armour
!Front (Slope Angle)
!Sides
!Rear
!Roof
|-
|Hull
|38 mm (75°) ''Upper Glacis''
38 mm (46°) ''Frontal Plate''

Spaced Armour (29 mm HHRA, 200 mm Air, 38 mm RHA) ''Lower Glacis''

10 mm ''Sponsons''
|10 mm ''Upper''
29 mm ''Lower''
|15 mm ''Engine Compartment''
10 mm ''Sponsons''
|20 mm ''Crew Compartment''
10 mm ''Sponsons''

5 - 15 mm ''Engine Deck''
|-
|Turret
|50 mm ''Upper Front''
Spaced Armour (38 mm HHRA, 127 mm Air, 84 mm RHA) ''Lower Front''

33 mm (67°) ''Upper Mantlet''

Spaced Armour (33 mm HHRA, 120 mm Air, 26 mm RHA) ''Lower Mantlet''

38 mm ''Mantlet Sides''
|Spaced Armour (38 mm HHRA, 127 mm Air, 84 mm RHA) ''Side Front''
Spaced Armour (16 mm HHRA, 80 mm Air, 29 mm RHA) ''Side Rear''
|29 mm + 10 mm
|20 mm ''Turret Roof''
50 mm ''Rear Mantlet Top''
|}
'''Table Key:'''

* HHRA = High Hardness Homogeneous Armour
* RHA = Rolled Homogeneous Armour

'''Notes:'''

* There is a lining of 16 mm RHA between the sponsons and the crew compartment, creating spaced armour on the sides of the vehicle.
* There are optics apertures at the sides of the turret, which have a 50 mm armour plate and a 8 mm armour plate, along with the 20 mm optics. These are essentially a hole in the spaced armour of the turret sides, but most rounds go through the spaced armour anyway so it isn't really a weakness.
* Turret Ring - 50 mm
* Tires and Suspension - 10 mm

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,286|rbMinHp=734}}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|L7A3 (105 mm)}}

The L7A3 105 mm gun mounted on the Radkampfwagen 90 is the same as the gun that the Leopard 1 series uses, and is the same in many aspects. Similar to the Leopard A1A1, the gun is equipped with a two-plane stabilizer allowing for firing on the move. The gun also has faster targeting speed at 5.1 degrees per second compared the the Leopard 1's 3.1 degrees per second in the vertical plane, but the turret traverse speed of the Radwagen, or horizontal targeting speed, certainly leaves something to be desired. A unique thing about this particular L7 is that it fires one of the best L7 APFSDS shells in the game, with higher penetration than even the first Rheinmetall 120 mm L44 APFSDS shell.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L7A3 (105 mm)|105 mm L7A3]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 42 || rowspan="2" | -9°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 22.85 || 31.62 || 38.40 || 42.47 || 45.18 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.28 || 16.80 || 20.40 || 22.56 || 24.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| DM12 || HEATFS || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400
|-
| DM502 || HESH || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127
|-
| DM23 || APFSDS || 337 || 335 || 330 || 322 || 314 || 306
|-
| DM33 || APFSDS || 408 || 405 || 398 || 389 || 379 || 370
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| DM12 || HEATFS || 1,173 || 10.5 || 0.0 || 0.1 || 1,270 || 65° || 72° || 77°
|-
| DM502 || HESH || 732 || 14.85 || 0.4 || 0.1 || 4,310 || 73° || 77° || 80°
|-
| DM23 || APFSDS || 1,455 || 3.79 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
| DM33 || APFSDS || 1,455 || 3.79 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x200px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''42''' || 31 ''(+11)'' || 28 ''(+14)'' || 12 ''(+30)'' || 1 ''(+41)'' ||No
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* The 4th rack is a first stage ammo rack, so it refills from the other racks in the designated order.


=== Machine guns ===

{{main|MG3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

The coaxially mounted 7.62 mm MG3A1 is, in most situations, not useful. While being able to "blind" opponents by shooting at their optics, as with any MG, and able to easily dispatch of vehicles with exposed crew that have uptiered themselves, such as the [[M56]], 2 factors really hold this MG back from being truly useful. These are:

* The MG is mounted coaxially, limiting its traverse and AA capabilities (especially against helicopters)
* This MG has very low penetration, as almost any thin armoured plate can withstand its fire

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm MG3A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 4,000 (1,000) || 1,200 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

'''General Playstyle'''

The Radkampfwagen 90, due to it's speed, may be used in a flanking manner, being able to go around the enemy and surprise them where they do not expect. When flanking, it is recommended to use roads if possible, as the Radwagen is a wheeled vehicle, and rough terrain will slow it down. However, even offroad, the vehicle is still capable of speeds that are much higher than many other contemporary MBTs. The scouting ability of the Radwagen can also be very useful, as it can help you support your team without risking the possibility of being spotted/noticed by firing your gun. The only downside to this playstyle is that the Radwagen is unusually large in size, most notably the hull, which makes it easier to be spotted.

The Radkampfwagen may also be used in a playstyle of a fast MBT. While the hull of the Radwagen is weak, not really well armoured, and prone to hullbreak, and easy to hit, the turret of the vehicle has multiple well angled and very bouncy plates, both interior and exterior, which allows the turret to sometimes take hits without damage, or even ricochet some shells. This bouncy turret can be used in a hull-down position, like a ridgeline, or a pile or rubble. However, it is important to note that even though enemy shells have a chance of bouncing, it is best not to rely on this, and to use the vehicle's stabilizer and situational awareness to get the first shot off.

'''Arcade Battles'''

In Arcade, the playstyle of the Radwagen changes a bit. Due to markers that will tell everyone where the Radwagen is, flanking is not as good of a strategy. However, the vehicle retains all other advantages, and due to the slight engine boost in arcade, will be able to hit very high speeds even offroad. Of course, enemies will also be faster in general, which makes this extra speed redundant. The vehicle's scouting abilities are useful in aiding the team. Your gun, for its tier, is good, and its decently low shell drop will aid in those long range shots that are common in arcade. Just remember - this is a light vehicle in a gamemode where it can't really hide, so when playing this vehicle in Arcade, be cautious.

'''Realistic Battles'''

In Realistic, the Radwagen's speed and scouting abilities are even more prominent. As mentioned above, it can flank around the enemy with stealth, and either scout enemies for the team or quickly knock them out with its very punchy gun. The team also will benefit from its scouting abilities, as in a gamemode without enemy markers, intel of the enemies whereabouts can be crucial to the team's victory.

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Mobility
! Protection
! colspan="3" | Firepower
|-
| I
| Tires
|
| Parts
| Horizontal Drive
| DM502
| DM23
|-
| II
| Suspension
| Brake System
| FPE
| Adjustment of Fire
| Airstrike
|
|-
| III
| Filters
|
| Crew Replenishment
| Elevation Mechanism
| Improved optics
| NVD
|-
| IV
| Transmission
| Engine
| Smoke grenade
| Artillery Support
| DM33
| Rangefinder
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Introduces a new play-style option for top-rank German lineups.
* Is very mobile and very fast on both roads and cross-country terrain.
* Has DM33 rounds available for research.
* Deadly when facing lower-ranked opponents.
* Very competitive, gun performs great even in higher tiered battles.
* 8.7 reload stock, can be further improved with crew training.
* Hull is resistant against most heavy machine guns.
* Spaced armour in the front and is resistant against low calibre SPAA and IFV fire.
* Same turret as the Leopard 2K, can sometimes bounce shots.
* Extremely effective in the hands of experienced players.
* Is not sluggish at low speed.

'''Cons:'''

* Does not have anti-aircraft machine gun.
* Hull can be hullbroken by HEAT and HE, turret cannot be hullbroken at all
* Slower reverse speed than other wheeled vehicle, though still respectable 31 kph
* Does not have thermal sights, putting it at a disadvantage of other vehicles at it's rank.
* Unlike other wheeled vehicles, the Radkampfwagen is very mobile across pretty much every terrain because of its high engine power
* Has a large profile
* Only average turret rotation of 24°/sec spaded, below average for such a mobile vehicle which would benefit from better gun handling (i.e. like the Rooikat)
* Is littered with ammo.
* Requires deep knowledge and keen situational awareness to play effectively.

== History ==


In the early 1980s, the German Federal Ministry of Defence, known as the Bundesministerium der Verteidigung (BMVg) in German, initiated a program to produce an eight-wheeled combat vehicle. The reason for the program's creation was the success of the Spähpanzer 2 Luchs and the Transportpanzer Fuchs, along with vehicles operated by other countries, such as the French AMX-10RC. Daimler-Benz was tasked with the construction of such a vehicle, and the requirements were for an 8 x 8 wheeled combat vehicle with a weight of less than 30 tons and a powerful armament and adequate armour. The first prototype was built in 1983, and was first known as the Demonstrationsfahrzeug Rad (demonstration vehicle wheeled) and then the Experimentalfahrzeug Rad (8×8), meaning experimental vehicle wheeled (8×8). It finally received the name Radpanzer 90, and it is known as the Radkampfwagen 90 in War Thunder. The final production model was completed in 1986. It featured a rear-mounted engine, had an independent suspension for the wheels, and the turret was that of the Leopard 1A3. The Radpanzer 90 never entered service, but the information gathered from the program was later used in the development of the GTK Boxer wheeled vehicle.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=germany&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=light_tank&vehicle=germ_radpanzer_90 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|d5oJGOKiUV8|'''{{PAGENAME}} Tank Review''' - ''Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6635-development-radkampfwagen-90-a-leopard-on-wheels-en|[Devblog] Radkampfwagen 90: A leopard on wheels]]

=== Bibliography ===

* Radpanzer 90. (2020, February 22). In ''Wikipedia''. https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Radpanzer_90&oldid=197067150

{{Germany light tanks}}

C2A1

2020-10-05T19:02:37Z

U55894676:

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_leopard_c2_mexas
|market=items_Leopard C2A1 MEXAS (Germany)
}}
{{About
| about = German main battle tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = other vehicles of the family
| link-1 = Leopard 1 (Family)
| usage-2 = other uses
| link-2 = Leopard (Disambiguation)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} German medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Starfighters"]] as a reward for the [[wt:en/news/6808-special-operation-s-u-m-m-e-r-2020-en|2020 Operation S.U.M.M.E.R.]] event.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===


'''Armor Composition'''

* Rolled Homogeneous Armor - Hull
* Cast Homogeneous Armor - Turret
* Tracks, Structural Steel of Chassis, Structural Steel
* Composite Screen - Additional Armor Protection

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 70 mm (60°) ''Upper Glacis''
50 mm (50°) ''Lower Glacis''
| 35 mm ''Sponsons'' 30 mm ''Hull Side''
| 25 mm || 15 - 30 mm
|-
| Turret || 65 mm ''Turret front'' 45 - 200 mm (0-67°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 37 - 45 mm ''Left Side''
40 - 43 mm ''Right Side''
| 25 - 52 mm ||20 - 35 mm
|-
| Cupola(s) || colspan="3" |30 mm||20 mm
|-
|Additional
Armor
|Composite Screen (Variable Thickness) ''Upper Gun Mantlet''
Composite Screen (Variable Thickness) ''Upper and Lower Glacis''
|Composite Screen ''Turret''
Composite Screen ''Hull''
|5 mm ''Storage Boxes''
|N/A
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


* Turret Ring - 40 mm
* Main Gun - 25 mm
* Machine Guns - 5 mm
* Tracks and Suspension - 20 mm

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,286|rbMinHp=734}}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|L7A3 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L7A3 (105 mm)|105 mm L7A3]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 55 || rowspan="2" | -9°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 22.85 || 31.62 || 38.40 || 42.47 || 45.18 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.28 || 16.80 || 20.40 || 22.56 || 24.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| DM12 || HEATFS || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400
|-
| DM502 || HESH || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127
|-
| DM23 || APFSDS || 337 || 335 || 330 || 322 || 314 || 306
|-
| DM33 || APFSDS || 408 || 405 || 398 || 389 || 379 || 370
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| DM12 || HEATFS || 1,173 || 10.5 || 0.0 || 0.1 || 1,270 || 65° || 72° || 77°
|-
| DM502 || HESH || 732 || 14.85 || 0.4 || 0.1 || 4,310 || 73° || 77° || 80°
|-
| DM23 || APFSDS || 1,455 || 3.79 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
| DM33 || APFSDS || 1,455 || 3.79 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''55''' || 55 ''(+0)'' || 16 ''(+39)'' || 12 ''(+43)'' || 1 ''(+54)'' || No
|-
|}
Notes:

* Racks 3 and 4 are first stage ammo racks. They total 15 shells and get filled first when loading up the tank.
* These racks are also emptied early: the rack depletion order at full capacity is: 4 - 3 - 1 - 2.
* To go into battle with the frontal ammo racks empty, pack 16 ''(+39)'' shells.

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|C6 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[C6 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm C6]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 4,500 (200) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Pintle || 2,000 (200) || 600 || -__°/+__° || ±__°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Mobility
! Protection
! colspan="3" | Firepower
|-
| I
| Tracks
|
| Parts
| Horizontal Drive
| DM502
| DM23
|-
| II
| Suspension
| Brake System
| FPE
| Adjustment of Fire
|
|
|-
| III
| Filters
|
| Crew Replenishment
| Elevation Mechanism
| Smoke grenade
| NVD
|-
| IV
| Transmission
| Engine
|
| Artillery Support
| DM33
| Laser rangefinder
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Deadly gun with excellent APFSDS rounds (408 m penetration at 10m for 230SL, 1455m/s), as well as good ammo options available (HEAT, HESH rounds)
* Adequate gun depression/elevation angles (+20°/-9°), so good at fighting uphill and downhill
* Effective two axis stabilization
* Effective zoom values (4x-12x) to look for targets and place accurate shots
* The extra composite screens work as a spaced armor and are an effective protection against HEAT in some parts
* Good reverse speed (25km/h) to get out of sticky situations
* Access to a laser range finder for quick and accurate ranging
* Access to thermal imaging to spot targets in bad conditions (only 1st gen though, 800 x 600 resolution)
* Can produce a favorable German line-up alongside the [[Leopard A1A1 (L/44)]], Leopard A1A1, TAM etc.

'''Cons:'''

* Armour will not protect you against most APFSDS rounds
* Roof-mounted MG are in rifle-calibres, and can not cause sufficient damage against most encountered enemies
* Heavier weight than the standard Leopard 1 due to extra screen armour

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6813/current|[Devblog] Operation S.U.M.M.E.R. Leopard C2A1 MEXAS]]

{{Germany medium tanks}}

KPz-70

2020-04-01T19:56:08Z

U55894676: reload speed

{{Specs-Card|code=germ_kpz_70}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_KPz-70.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.71 "New E.R.A"]].

The KPz-70 displays impressive mobility, in terms of its ability to pickup and maintain speed over various terrains - albeit it is somewhat lackluster compared to some of the top rank vehicles such as the [[M1 Abrams|M1 Abrams]] and [[T-80B]]. This unfortunately negates many of the advantages the KPz-70 maintained during its reign as a top-rank vehicle. However, this doesn't change the need to utilize what mobility the vehicle has - it's the best weapon the KPz-70 has.

Unlike the Soviet T-64A (its main rival), the KPz-70 does not utilize composite armour, but an air gap that forces munitions penetrating the initial layers to lose their mass by fragmenting apart before moving to the next layer of armour. This general design concept has been in use as far back as WW2 and is even used to this day on modern fighting vehicles.

Spaced armour works wonderfully well against shaped charge munitions or any other munition with explosive filler provided it is of a stronger protection rating. Proceeding weapons and munitions development has seen this benefit decreased with either more powerful or tandem charge warheads and can be seen in-game against weapons that proceeded different designs of spaced armour. As such, the KPz-70 will find weapons that were designed to defeat spaced armour such as the HOT-K3S ATGM and BAE Swingfire system that will penetrate it. However, the spaced armour in the KPz-70 works exactly as it was designed to do against older anti-tank missiles, HEAT, HE, and HESH munitions.

The tank mounts no external spaced armour. The armour on the side and rear of the tank is not worth mentioning as it will only stop light machine gun fire and some cannon fire on the turret. Adversary SABOT rounds will penetrate clear through the engine and into the crew compartment most likely destroying the tank if engaged from behind.

The most important feature that makes a tank is the cannon. In this department, the KPz-70 is no slouch. The 152 mm gun launcher system (the same one used on the [[M551|M551 Sheridan]]), but with a longer barrel and is capable of firing a variety of munition types including an experimental APFSDS round, a traditional HEAT round (with high penetration), an experimental smoke round, and lastly the very capable and proven MGM-61C Shillelagh. This wide range of munition choices gives the operator a variety of options in a pre-combat configuration which can greatly either hinder or enhance the tankers capability on the battlefield. The benefit of a longer barrel compared to its Sheridan counterpart ensures the KPz-70 is much more accurate at range and that the rounds leave the barrel at higher velocities thus increasing their overall damage-dealing capabilities.

Additionally, the 152 mm gun launcher gets equipped with an autoloader, greatly reducing its time between followup shots on a target.

For targeting, the option to equip an incredibly accurate laser range finder is available. Additionally, the 7.62 mm machine gun mounted in the turret can be used for range finding as well.

The Rheinmetall Rh 202 20 mm autocannon is highly effective at dealing with lightly armoured battlefield threats and on some tanks exposed sides or rears. In some situations, it may be more beneficial to utilize the 20 mm as it will allow the tank to deal damage rapidly while conserving the 152 mm main cannon ammunition. The cannon is also highly effective at shooting down low flying attackers. Note that if the commander is knocked out, the 20 mm will become unusable.

The KPz-70 is equipped with a diesel-fueled 1,500 horsepower (1,100 kW) Daimler Benz V12 engine. This engine pack compared to its American counterpart produces more power, but only slightly so giving the KPz-70 an amazing 29.8 hp/t at 50 - 51.7 tons (depending on upgrade configuration).

A highly advantageous feature is the [[Hydropneumatic suspension|hydropneumatic suspension]] system which not only provides great cross country mobility but allows the crew to position the vehicle in such a way to only expose the strongest armour at an enemy threat. The suspension can also be used to gain further gun depression by raising the rear of the tank and lowering the front thus allowing the gunner to engage from a position that he might not have been able to engage from previously.

The KPz-70 features the standard NATO track and block design that can be found on most NATO vehicles. The rubber track blocks provide great traction off-road and on-road compared to all-metal tracks found on other fighting vehicles as sliding on a short halt or drifting is minimized.

Because of the elevated engine deck, gun depression is decreased significantly when firing or aiming the gun over the rear of the tank.

An unconventional feature at the time the KPz-70 was designed was the housing of all the crew members in the turret. Because of the autoloading system, the need for a loader was eliminated and due to an attempt to further lower the silhouette of the tank, the driver was located to the turret with the gunner and commander. This can have potentially devastating consequences on the battlefield as the crew can easily be injured or incapacitated by penetrating munitions entering the crew compartment.

For defensive countermeasures, the tank is equipped with quad four-barrel externally mounted smoke canister launchers which can provide either a defensive screen for the tank or friendly forces. These launchers can be fired in pairs of two. Keep in mind the smoke grenade launchers are operated by the gunner so should he become incapacitated in a fight, the smokes will become unavailable until the gunner is either replaced by another crew member or the crew replenishment consumable restores them.

Due to its low profile and effective array of camouflage options the KPz-70 scores high marks in the concealability category. It has a total of 4 camouflage options available to it. The standard (a 3 tone NATO CARC camouflage), winter camouflage (requires 700 battles against other players in the tank), a brown camouflage for desert environments, and lastly an olive drab option. The addition of various foliage can further increase the ability to conceal the tank.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

'''Armour type:'''

* Spaced armour (Hull front, Turret front)
* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 34* mm (60-61°) ''Front glacis'' 76.2 mm (64°) ''Lower glacis'' || 23 mm (40°) ''Top'' 23-35 mm ''Bottom'' || 30 mm (12°) ''Top'' 13 mm (57°) ''Bottom'' 8 mm (12°) ''Engine exhaust'' || 20 mm ''Front'' 8-12.7 mm ''Engine deck''
|-
| Turret || 50-200 mm (0-75°) || 12.7-38* mm (29-34°) || 12.7* mm (27-80°) || 20-50 mm ''Front'' 12.7 mm ''Rear turret''
|-
! Armour !! Sides !! Roof
|-
| Cupola || 25 mm || 25 mm
|-
! Spaced armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 200 mm ''Kinetic'' 170 mm ''Chemical'' || N/A || N/A || N/A
|-
| Turret || 320 mm ''Kinetic'' 280 mm ''Chemical'' || '''38 mm sections:''' 320 mm ''Kinetic'' 280 mm ''Chemical'' '''12.7 mm sections:''' 35 mm ''Kinetic'' 40 mm ''Chemical'' || 35 mm ''Kinetic'' 40 mm ''Chemical'' || N/A
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick and tracks are 30 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 16 mm thick.
* Gun mantlet ring around the gun barrel is 305 mm thick.
* A 16 mm RHA plate separates the engine from the crew compartment
* Hull spaced armour configuration is 34 mm RHA + 127 mm air + 46 mm RHA.
* Turret spaced armour configuration is 38 mm RHA + 127 mm air + 130-33 mm RHA.
* Turret rear spaced armour configuration is 13 mm RHA + 38 mm air + 19 mm RHA.

The main weakness of the KPz-70 to take advantage of as an opposing player is the weak armour when compared to other tanks of its rank. If the KPz-70 can be baited to come towards a position, it becomes much easier to fight. Avoid springing a well-placed KPz-70 ambush if at all possible or try to sneak around him to flank and attack his weakest armour. A well-placed shot through the side of the turret is generally ensured destruction as all of the crew is located in the turret along with an ammunition store with rounds being located under the turret basket.

With the proper position or speed, try getting around the KPz-70 and engaging him from where it does not expect. It's important to remember the KPz-70 has the ability to quickly snap the turret around and engage any enemy, so surprising the tank is of the up-most central importance to come out victorious.

Another weakness that can be exploited is its speed. Because of its speed, unskilled players or players unfamiliar with its play style will often rush into situations they are not equipped to fight properly and find themselves overwhelmed, allowing a prepared defence to eliminate them.

One last weak spot worth mentioning is the turret ring. High penetrating munitions can completely pierce this section and travel into the crew compartment. SABOT rounds are especially effective at this. Any tank or SPAA with fast firing 30+ mm gun can penetrate it easily.

Do not try to out-shoot the KPz-70 as it has a very rapid reload that in most cases will ensure that unless the tank's ability to fire is disabled, it will recover and continue to fire to disable or destroy its offender.

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 2325|rbMinHp= 1327|}}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|XM150E5 (152 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[XM150E5 (152 mm)|152 mm XM150E5]]
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
! rowspan="1" | Stabilizer
|-
| colspan="3" | 48 || -10°/+20° || ±180° || Two-plane
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! style="width:4em" |Mode
! style="width:4em" |Stock
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || 21.4 || 47.4 || __.__ || __.__ || __.__
|-
| ''Realistic'' || 21.4 || 25.2 || __.__ || 33.8 || __.__
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| 10.0 || 10.0 || 10.0 || 10.0
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 90°'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| XM578E1 || APFSDS || 380 || 370 || 360 || 345 || 330 || 315
|-
| M409A1 || HEAT || 380 || 380 || 380 || 380 || 380 || 380
|-
| MGM-51C || ATGM || 431 || 431 || 431 || 431 || 431 || 431
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| XM578E1 || APFSDS || 1,500 || 3.7 || N/A || N/A || N/A || ° || 76° || 77° || 78°
|-
| M409A1 || HEAT || 754 || 19 || 0.0 || 0.1 || 3,730 || +0° || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
| MGM-51C || ATGM || 323 || 28 || 0.0 || 0.01 || 4,720 || +0° || 80° || 82° || 90°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke characteristic
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity in m/s
! Projectile Mass in kg
! ''Screen radius in m''
! ''Screen time in s''
! ''Screen hold time in s:''
! ''Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):''
|-
| XM410E1 || 754 || 19 || 25 || 5 || 30 || 50
|-
|}

===== [[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] =====
[[File:Ammoracks_KPz-70.png|right|thumbnail|x250px|[[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] of the KPz-70.]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Full ammo
! class="wikitable unsortable" |1st rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |2nd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |3rd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |4th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |5th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Visual discrepancy
|-
|| '''48''' || 44 ''(+4)'' || 33 ''(+15)'' || 25 ''(+23)'' || 13 ''(+35)'' || 1 ''(+47)'' || style="text-align:left" | No
|-
|}

2nd rack empty: 33 ''(+15)''

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|Rh202 (20 mm)|MG 3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | [[Rh202 (20 mm)|20 mm Rh202]]
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Pintle mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 750 (750) || 900 || -9°/+65° || ±180°
|-
|}

KPz-70 is one of the few medium tanks (aside from French and [[MBT-70]]) to carry 20 mm coaxial autocannon.

This weapon '''should not''' be treated lightly or dismissed as "just an anti aircraft" gun, as it has 57 mm penetration at flat angle, and it will shred anything from light tanks and SPAA, to lightly armoured medium tanks sides and SPG, if they are not angled. In case if their armour cannot be penetrated, use the autocannon to destroy hostile tank gun barrel and make them helpless, then return fire. This is even more effective, considering the main cannon can fire ATGM directly at enemy tank without losing the penetration or accuracy even when its barrel is broken, allowing you to punish people fishing for easy cannon barrel takedowns.

If necessary, the 20 mm can also fire at the sky to take out helicopters and careless jet pilots.

Do note, that this coaxial weapon is not protected by anything - HE hit to the hull (for example, if SAM tank fires at it) will likely obliterate it, forcing it to do pathetic damage and jam or miss a lot. Do not forget to repair it.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | [[MG 3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm MG 3A1]]
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Coaxial mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 6,000 (1,000) || 1,200 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

7.62 mm machine gun is simply used to make bullet screens against hostile ATGM or to put more pressure on aircrafts, if they can be targeted by it.

== Usage in the battles ==

The tank plays very much like the [[Leopard_A1A1|Leopard 1A1A1]]. Players familiar with the Leopard play style will easily adapt to the KPz-70. It has reasonable mobility, especially with full upgrades and aced crew, allowing it to manoeuvre into spots not typically accessible by less mobile tanks. Utilize this to an advantage to set up ambushes as this is how the KPz-70 will get the best of many opponents. It's important to recognize when engagement is not beneficial so that the tank may get a better position or escape from the threat.

Despite the initial appearance of strong frontal armour, it's important to remember when compared to its counterparts at its rank, it is not nearly enough to defeat threats head-on such as the [[T-64A_(1971)|T-64A]]. Even ATGM from missile vehicles such as the [[RakJPz_2_(HOT)|Raketenjagdpanzer 2 HOT]] will penetrate the turret and upper glacis plate. Even other Rank V tanks can and will penetrate from the front. Because of the rather condensed placement of crew and ammunition, the KPz-70 will most likely be destroyed. Because of this, it is critical that the KPz-70 gets the first shot off in engagement and ensure it is either eliminated or crippled to such a capacity they either cannot engage or will instinctively panic and try to run to repair or determine the engagement location.

The gun is especially versatile and powerful with a wide range of ammunition selection, but generally, the cannon launched ATGM's and sabot rounds will get the job done in most situations. The 20 mm turret roof-mounted cannon is great for taking out lightly armoured targets (to include some tanks, ATGM vehicles, etc), anti-air, and aircraft.

Essentially, if this tank is treated like a Leopard, the survivability rate will increase dramatically. The hydropneumatic suspension allows the tank to position in such ways that it can engage from non-conventional spots while exposing only the strongest armour towards the threat. The low silhouette makes the tank especially difficult to hit at longer ranges and this can be further enhanced (situation dependent) by the adjustable suspension. Because of the accurate cannon, it will also find be easy to engage at longer ranges which will maximize the KPz-70's strengths while reducing the targets.

In summary, the KPz-70 is a great addition to any end game lineup as it provides great flexibility in almost all engagements and is well worth the time and investment to acquire.

===Tactics===
Ambushing is the tank's strength. As covered previously, utilize the speed to get into firing positions quickly and cause chaos and confusion among the enemy.

The KPz-70 can also quickly capture objective points and when used properly hold positions so long as it does not stay in any one place too long.

Scoot and shoot tactics will benefit the KPz-70 play style as well as terrain masking techniques.

Should the tank have to fight in closer engagement ranges or in close quarters, it's critical to always remember the armour will not protect the tank reliably. However, the speed, fast-rotating turret, and manoeuvrability will. Provided the player utilizes these to their advantage, the KPz-70 will be able to control the fight. Recognize when the enemy is baiting the tank into an ambush and avoid them as the KPz-70 doesn't stand a great chance of conducting a counter-ambush due to the weak armour.

If the KPz-70 does find itself a victim of an ambush, launch a smokescreen, escape, and reassess for a counter-ambush.

The KPz-70 benefits greatly from squad play. A skilled lone KPz-70 is most certainly a threat on the battlefield but 2 or even 3 KPz-70's working in conjunction with each other in a squad is an extreme danger to the opposing team as the use of squad tactics in combination with the great strengths of the tank can almost completely control the momentum of the conflict.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* Great mobility, although out-stripped by some vehicles that utilize turbine engines
* Extremely fast in both forwards and reverse
* Great gun, with access to various types of ammunition, ATGMs included
* 20mm autocannon anti-aircraft gun mounted on the top of the tank
* Low profile for visibility
* Hydropneumatic suspension
* Has a Rheinmetall autoloader with 6 sec reload! Big advantage over your American counterparts which use a GM autoloader with 10 seconds
* The fuel tanks in the hull can absorb HEAT-FS shells

'''Cons:'''

* Unimpressive frontal plate armour, the turret ring is also exposed, allowing SPAA and light tanks to destroy it frontally
* Vulnerable to the rear, if the hydropneumatic suspension is not used
* Optics are vulnerable and can cause ATGMs and HE to explode downwards into the crew compartment
* Very easy to one shot because of 3 crew cramped in the turret

== History ==


Being threatened by the Soviet T-64 tank, Germany and the United States joined together to develop a new main battle tank in the mid-1960s. This became the MBT/KPz-70 project. The new main battle tank would use advanced technology of the time, including hydropneumatic suspension, 152mm gun/launcher capable firing tank shell and ATGM, autoloading system, spaced armour, 1500 horsepower diesel engine and remote-controlled weapon station. Everything looks perfect on paper, but in reality, there were many problems. The autoloading system could load Shillelagh missile quite easily, but it would jam the tank shell. The housing of the driver in a rotating cupola inside the turret would cause an unanticipated problems to the driver. The caseless ammunition would also become unusable if the humidity is high.

With such design problems and over budget, MBT/KPz-70 project was officially cancelled in 1971. Though the MBT/KPz-70 never entered service, many of its design and technology had been passed on to its successor: M1 Abrams and Keiler, the latter of which became the Leopard 2.

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article will be video guides, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== Read also ==
[https://warthunder.com/en/news/4923-gamescom-kpz-70-mbt-70-a-warrior-of-two-armies-en [Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> KPz-70 & MBT-70 - A Warrior of Two Armies]

== Sources ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Germany medium tanks}}
[[Category:ATGM vehicles]]

M48A2 C

2020-02-06T19:55:51Z

U55894676:

{{Specs-Card|code=germ_mkpz_m48a2c}}
{{About
| about = German medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the version in the American tree
| link = M48A1
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

The armour of the {{PAGENAME}} is identical to the US M48A1. The ammo rack in the turret is removed and the shape of the front hull ammo racks are improved.

=== Mobility ===


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Game Mode
! colspan="3" | Mobility characteristics
! colspan="2" | Engine power (horsepower)
! colspan="2" | Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
|-
! {{Annotation|Max Speed|Maximum Speed (km/h)}}
! {{Annotation|Weight|Vehicle Weight (tons)}}
! {{Annotation|AoA Weight|Add on Armour Weight (tons)}}
! Stock
! Upgraded
! Stock
! Upgraded
|-
! Arcade
| 57 || rowspan="2" | 47.8 || rowspan="2" | N/A || 1279 || ____ || 26.76 || __.__
|-
! {{Annotation|Realistic|Simulator uses Realistic FMs}}
| 51 || 730 || 825 || 15.27 || 17.26
|}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|M41 (90 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[M41 (90 mm)|90 mm M41]]
|-
! colspan="3" | Capacity
! Vertical guidance
! Horizontal guidance
! Stabilizer
|-
| colspan="3" | 46 || -9°/+19° || ±180° || N/A
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! Mode
! Stock
! Upgraded
! Prior + Full crew
! Prior + Expert qualif.
! Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || ??.?? || ??.?? || ??.?? || ??.?? || ??.??
|-
| ''Realistic'' || ??.?? || ??.?? || ??.?? || ??.?? || 24.00
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Stock
! Prior + Full crew
! Prior + Expert qualif.
! Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ??.?? || ??.?? || ??.?? || 7.5
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 90° (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| DM502 || HESH || 102 || 102 || 102 || 102 || 102 || 102
|-
| M332 shot || APCR || 320 || 316 || 292 || 265 || 240 || 218
|-
| M431 shell || HEATFS || 320 || 320 || 320 || 320 || 320 || 320
|-
| M71 shell || HE || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13
|-
| M82 shot || APCBC || 185 || 182 || 170 || 155 || 142 || 130
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! rowspan="2" | Normalisation at 30° from horizontal
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| DM502 || HESH || 853 || 10.6 || 0.4 || 0.1 || 3052.8 || +0.0° || 73° || ??° || 80°
|-
| M332 shot || APCR || 1,249 || 5.7 || N/A || N/A || N/A || +1.5° || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| M431 shell || HEATFS || 1,216 || 5.8 || N/A || 0.1 || 712.6 || +0.0° || 65° || 72° || 75°
|-
| M71 shell || HE || 823 || 10.55 || 0.1 || 0.5 || 925 || +0.0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| M82 shot || APCBC || 853 || 10.94 || 1.2 || 14.0 || 137.2 || +4.0° || 48° || ??° || 71°
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| M313 || 821 || 10.7 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''46''' || ?? ''(+??)'' || ?? ''(+??)'' || ?? ''(+??)'' || ?? ''(+??)'' || ?? ''(+??)'' || ?? ''(+??)'' || ??
|-
|}

==== [[Optics]] ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="3" | {{PAGENAME}} Optics
|-
!
! Default magnification
! Maximum magnification
|-
! Main Gun optics
| X6.7 || X8.0
|-
! Comparable optics
| colspan="2" | ???
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|M85 (12.7 mm)|M73 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[M85 (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M85]]
|-
! colspan="4" | ''Commander cupola mount''
|-
! Capacity (Belt capacity)
! Fire rate (shots/minute)
! Vertical guidance
! Horizontal guidance
|-
| 900 (200) || 625 || -10°/+60° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[M73 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M73]]
|-
! colspan="4" | ''Coaxial mount''
|-
! Capacity (Belt capacity)
! Fire rate (shots/minute)
! Vertical guidance
! Horizontal guidance
|-
| 5,950 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" |Mobility
! Protection
! colspan="3" |Firepower
|-
| I
| Tracks
|
| Parts
| Horizontal Drive
| Smoke grenade
| M82 shot
|-
| II
| Suspension
| Brake System
| FPE
| Adjustment of Fire
| DM502
|
|-
| III
| Filters
|
| Crew Replenishment
| Elevation Mechanism
| M431 shell
| NVD
|-
| IV
| Transmission
| Engine
|
| Artillery Support
| M313
| Rangefinder
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent frontal hull armour, impenetrable UFP for most conventional ammp
* Good firepower
* Good mobility
* Has a commander's .50 caliber machine gun
* Devastating APHE round
* Surprisingly survivable, 2 crew members often survive a shot
* Gin mantlet is very trolly, often stops conventional rounds

'''Cons:'''

* Hefty APCR stock grind
* Turret armour isn't reliable
* Commander's cupola weak spot
* Ineffective armour in an uptier
* No stabilizer

== History ==


In the mid 1950's, West Germany received several version of the M48 Patton III tank from the US. In 1958, one of these versions was the M48A2 Patton III. This version included a 750 HP engine and a 90mm M41 cannon, as well an M85 .50 caliber machine gun mounted in the commander's cupola, and a coaxially mounted 7.62mm machine gun. In the same year, these tanks would receive an upgraded 825 HP engine, as well as other minor changes and would be designated as the M48A2 C in German service. This version saw service until the 1970's were it was replaced by the M48A2 GA2.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


* [[M48A1]] - Basic M48 version that the {{PAGENAME}} was upgraded from.
* [[Magach 3 (USA)]] - An upgraded M48 tank from a pack in the USA tech tree.
* [[M48A2 G A2]] - An upgraded version of the M48A2 C with a 105 mm gun.

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6317-development-changes-and-optimization-in-the-german-tech-tree-en|[Development<nowiki>]</nowiki> Changes and optimization in the German tech-tree]]

{{Germany medium tanks}}

SPz BMP-1

2020-02-06T19:50:14Z

U55894676: Edited weapon characteristics and pros and cons

{{Specs-Card|code=germ_bmp_1_ddr}}
{{About
| about = German light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = the Russian version
| link-1 = BMP-1
| usage-2 = other uses
| link-2 = BMP (Disambiguation)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.93 "Shark Attack"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===


The Spz BMP-1 has very little to speak of in the armour department. Minimal frontal and nearly non-existent side armour results in the vehicle being vulnerable to almost any incoming fire. As such, the vehicle's survivability stems entirely from its mobility and reasonably small profile. Where possible, utilise hills or other cover, only exposing as much of the vehicle as is necessary to engage an unaware target.

Despite the lack of armour, however, the SPz BMP-1 will, on occasion, survive hits unexpectedly - the internals of the vehicle are largely non-critical and many rounds will over-penetrate.
{| class="wikitable"
!Armour
!Front (Slope angle)
!Sides
!Rear
!Roof
|-
|Hull
|7-12 mm (80°) ''Front glacis'' 19 mm (56°) ''Lower glacis''
|16 mm (3-18°) ''Top'' 18 + 4 mm ''Bottom''
|16 mm (12°) ''Top'' 12 mm (48°) ''Bottom'' 12 mm (8-51°) ''Doors''
|6 mm 5 mm ''Engine exhausts''
|-
|Turret
|23 mm (0-53°) ''Turret front'' 33 + 26 mm ''Gun mantlet''
|13-23 mm (24-37°)
|13 mm (23-26°)
|6 mm
|-
!Armour
!Sides
!Roof
|-
|Cupola
|7 mm
|7 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 10 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 6 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Game Mode
! colspan="3" | Mobility characteristics
! colspan="2" | Engine power (horsepower)
! colspan="2" | Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
|-
! {{Annotation|Max Speed|Maximum Speed (km/h)}}
! {{Annotation|Weight|Vehicle Weight (tons)}}
! {{Annotation|AoA Weight|Add on Armour Weight (tons)}}
! Stock
! Upgraded
! Stock
! Upgraded
|-
! Arcade
| 72 || rowspan="2" | 13.0 || rowspan="2" | N/A || 465 || 572 || 35.77 || 44.00
|-
! {{Annotation|Realistic|Simulator uses Realistic FMs}}
| 65 || 265 || 300 || 20.38 || 23.08
|}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===
{{main|2A28 (73 mm)}}

Stock you have both shells on your grenade launcher unlocked.

HEAT and HE are available.

HE should be avoided as it only has 12mm of pen and 290m/sec muzzle velocity.

The HEAT round is also only 670 m/sec velocity but with some training can be shot at a bit over 1km reliably.

It has 300mm pen and very good damage output , oneshots can be achieved quite often when shooting center mass, big tanks might give you some headache as they sometimes survive multiple shots.

=== Additional armament ===
{{main|9M14}}

P upgrade gives you 4 Konkurs ATGM missiles.

They have 600mm pen and do very good damage while having good speed.

Only their manouverability is a bit lacking but you can quickly make a follow up shot with your cannon or use smoke if you want to retreat.

=== Machine guns ===
{{main|PKT (7.62 mm)}}

You have one PKT machinegun with 1000 rounds.

Its not useful and cannot aim at air targets., ok against exposed crew and "milk trucks"

Sometimes you can still ping/spit enemies with it though.

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* Very mobile, can quickly adapt to new situations
* Quick reload on grenade launcher (6 sec autloader, 5 sec max manual with P upgrade)
* Low module RP cost
* BMP-1P upgrade adds smoke launchers which don't have to be researched extra
* Upgrade also makes ATGM more powerful, mouse guided and it will not launch upwards since its now mounted on top of the turret
* Scouting ability
* ESS allows you to smoke up big areas and provide cover for teammates as well as covering your retreat
* Small turret, hard to hit when hull down
* Upper hull can sometimes bounce shells due ro steep angle

*

'''Cons:'''

* Easily hullbroken
* Big target from the side
* Bad gin depression of -5 for the main gun
* Only 3 crew members, bad survivability

*

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Germany light tanks}}

G.91 R/3 (Germany)

2020-02-03T10:58:05Z

U55894676:

{{Specs-Card|code=fiat_g91_r3}}
{{About
| about = Italian jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = G.91 (Family)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_G.91_R3.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' nicknamed ''"Gina"'' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]].

A mid 50's Trans-sonic fighter ( < Mach 0.90) with ground attack abilities. Very manoeuvrable, great acceleration and heavy offensive armament make the G.91 an excellent Tier V aircraft. Unlocked after the [[Ho 229 V3|Horten 229]] the player should already be well acquainted with the appropriate play style for the Gina, being an all-around upgrade to the Flying Wing Flying in fierce competition in the sky, it will face every sub- and trans-sonic aircraft and while being a mid to top tier performance-wise. 

There are little changes between the [[G.91 pre-serie|Pre-serie]], [[G.91 R/1|R/1]], [[G.91 R/3|R/3]] and the [[G.91 R/4|R/4]], and this guide can be considered universal for all listed aircraft.

== General info ==
=== Flight Performance ===

The G.91 was intended to replace the [[F-86A-5|F-86A Sabre]] in German, Portuguese and Italian service and it shows. With an empty weight of only 3,100 kg (6,800 lbs) and a takeoff weight of 5,500 kg (12,100 lbs) the Gina is in the weight class as the [[P-51D-5|P-51D]] and [[MiG-9]], yet severely lighter than most other jets and losing about one and a half tonnes compared to the Sabre A.
Although only outputting a meagre 22 kN of thrust this first look disadvantage is literally outweighed by the high thrust to weight ratio of 0.73 empty (0.41 full). This makes the Gina an excellent dogfighter as jet fighters maintain both their top speed, climb and sustained turn-rate by their engine power rather than other flight characteristics. It can easily reach its own terminal speed (1,011 km/h, 921 f/s) and self-destruct in level flight. 

Lacking in straight wings and leading wing slats the stall speed for the G.91 is quite higher than the low weight lets one assume. One should hence be wary of many older jet types with said features, as after bleeding too much speed they can easily outmanoeuvre the Gina. With added payload, this becomes even more obvious and cautious flying is advised when fitted as a ground attacker.

Starting with 20 min of fuel, gaining the climb speed of 800 km/h IAS (sustainable @ 7-8°; 730 f/s) takes a mere ~80 seconds with 20 predicated for taking off at 230 km/h or 210 f/s IAS. An Immelmann at 800 km/h will gain 1,000 m and loose 300 km/h. A hard 180° turn at the same speed takes >100 km/h and may lose up to 60 m.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,065 || 1,042 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 27.6 || 28.1 || 31.5 || 30.0 || rowspan="2" | 850
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,097 || 1,084 || 24.6 || 26.0 || 47.6 || 39.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|разрушение|конструкции}} || {{Specs|разрушение|шасси}} || 620 || 620 || 345 || ~10 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 800 || < 650 || < 660 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Bristol Orpheus MK.803 || 1
| colspan="2" | 3,477 kg || colspan="3" | 289 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 9m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 32m fuel
|-
| 380 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 3,837 kg || 4,269 kg || 4,662 kg || 4,740 kg || 5,800 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (101%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || 101%
! 9m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 32m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 2,212 kgf || 2,234 kgf
| 0.58 || 0.52 || 0.48 || 0.47 || 0.39
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 2,212 kgf (0 km/h) || 2,234 kgf (0 km/h)
| 0.58 || 0.52 || 0.48 || 0.47 || 0.39
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===

At its tier, there is little which cannot hurt the G.91. This is mostly due to the large calibres and fast-firing weapons found in the jet age, although the Gina does not help this issue. The armour is enough to withstand the occasional tank LMG fire but otherwise will only protect the pilot from shrapnel damage. Even though the centerline arrangement of all components proves to be quite survivable in combat, it does NOT lend itself for head-ons or prolonged chases. The former only leads to functional aircraft with a dead pilot and the latter to the reverse, which was in all likelihood the intended design in real life.

* 6.5 mm Steel - Behind, below and in front of the pilot
* 6.5 mm Steel - under central fuel tanks.
* 40 mm bulletproof glass - Armored windshield
* Critical components located down the midline of aircraft (fuel, pilot, engine, controls)
* Fuel tanks located in the central fuselage.

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

The DEFA 552 is an excellent Revolver cannon for jet to jet combat. With high velocity, devastating high-explosive rounds and fast firing rate it can easily hit even extreme deflection or long-range pursuit shots. The only downside is the low ammo count of 125 rounds per cannon and thus having to resort to very short burst fires.

{{main|DEFA 552 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552 cannons, nose-mounted (125 rpg = 250 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

Featuring a wide range of ordnance the G.91 R/3 can be equipped for any role from ground to air combat, though it prefers air superiority.

{{main|AN-M57 (250 lb)|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|SNEB Type 23|AS-20}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (1,000 lb total)
* 2 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (1,000 lb total)
* 4 x AS-20 Nord Anti-Tank Guided Missile (Air-to-Surface)
* 38 x SNEB Type 23 rockets

For air-to-ground purposes, the G.91 R/3 is similar to the [[G.91 pre-serie]] and [[G.91 R/1]], both its predecessors, in loadout options sharing the same FFAR Mighty Mouse rocket option as well as the choice of a pair of 500 lb bombs. However, the R/3 has an additional and unique option; the AS-20 Nord air-to-ground missile, with a reasonable penetration value (83 mm RHAe) but incredible warhead size of (just under) 30 kilograms of TNT. Skilled use of the missile can allow for a more accurate fire at longer ranges especially versus more dangerous vehicles like self-propelled anti-aircraft guns.

== Usage in battles ==


Air superiority is the combat objective for the G.91 ''Gina'', anything else is secondary. In team games, lure enemy fighters into extensive and excessive dogfights to allow your heavier and less nimble allies to Boom & Zoom or Boom & Run from them. With their great thrust to weight ratio, the G.91 can maintain their energy superiority and in emergencies (such as non-existant teamplay) to disengage. Alternatively, standard Boom & Zoom is a considerable choice. Again the great acceleration allows for more energy-expensive manoeuvres and still disengage without much worry from the target. Such follies would be deadly in many other fighters, but the Gina is hence quite forgiving. In fact too forgiving, new pilots to the jet age need to lose old habits and the G.91 does not force one's hand.

Against bombers and ground attack craft the G.91 lacks the firepower and it will take considerable ammo use to compensate for this. The measly protection against defensive fire makes this a dangerous task anyway and should thusly be left for better-equipped allies.

The very same can be said for ground attacks. While being able to mount air-to-ground ordnance, the payload yield is minuscule. The FFAR pods are the only worthwhile consideration but run against the G.91's intended role of air superiority fighter.

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! Survivability
! colspan="2" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Compressor
|
| Offensive 30 mm
| FSBC mk.5
|-
| II
| New boosters
|
| Airframe
|
| FMBC mk.1
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
|
| New 30 mm cannons
| Nord AS.20
|-
| IV
| G-suit
|
| Cover
|
| Matra SNEB
|-
|}
A focus should be done on the engine modules, as the G.91 lives by its T/W ratio. New boosters is a double-edged sword, as without the G-Suit one is just blackout earlier. This oddly makes the Bomb unlock a tantalizing choice, especially in already won matches for farming on ground units before the game ends. Airframe and cover do little, the weight savings are very minor and without them, the G.91 can still easily reach top speeds and rip off its wings.
=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Exceptional manoeuvrability, with very high roll and turn rates
* Effective suspended armament choices for ground strike
* Access to the [[AS-20]] air-to-ground missile that can destroy any tank
* Two 30 mm DEFA cannons available
* Can carry 4 x AS-20 Nord missiles unlike most other jet fighters which only can carry two
* Small burst of 30 mm cannons is enough to fully destroy a plane especially in the head-on situations
* Has access to drag chute, its very effective for losing speed when landing on the small airfields
* The 30 mm cannons have very good penetration can destroy light tanks through the hull and other main battle tanks through the roof

'''Cons:'''

* Slower than most of its contemporaries
* Airframe can take some hits, especially against .50 cals
* Poor energy retention
* Fairly low ammo count for the guns means that you need to be conservative with your ammo
* Wings can snap off when trying to pull very hard at high speeds and when pushing elevator + ailerons at the same time

== History ==

The G.91 ''Small Sabre'' entered service with the Luftwaffe in 1962 after winning the 1953 NATO light tactical support aircraft competition. This competition had called for a fighter which could carry 452 kg of ordnance, patrol a combat radius of 180 km assuming 10 mins over the target, average cruising speed of at least 705 km/h and Mach 0.95 capability. It also had to be fully operational on grass or other types of unprepared runways, with a take-off distance of 1,100 m. The R/3 was the Luftwaffe's version of the G.91, but with more powerful armament, two wing points for suspended ordnance and better avionics than the Italian Air Force's R/1s. Fifty R/3s were built in Italy starting in 1959 and another 294 were license-built in West Germany. The Luftwaffe also received another 50 of the very similar R/4 aircraft after orders for Greece and Turkey fell through. The Luftwaffe also had 66 T-3 two-seat trainer models built of which twenty-two were built in Germany.

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|LNOcqRDgo9M|'''"Fun And Frustrating /// G.91 R/3 War Thunder 1.91 Review"''' by ''DEFYN''|hD5YJdWrAWE|'''"Fiat G91R/3 - A Better Version of the Same Bird"''' by ''WhooptieDo''}}

* [https://live.warthunder.com/post/794191/en/ Skin: Fiat G.91R/3 99+03 of the German Luftwaffe serving in the JABOG 33 - by

_Invincible'']''

* [https://live.warthunder.com/post/859462/en/ Skin: Historical G.91 R/3 32+92 of the Waffenschule der Luftwaffe 50 (WaSLw50), 1968 by

Magicool'']''

== See also ==


* [[F-86A-5|F-86A-5 Sabre]] - combat role predecessor
* [[La-15]] and [[Yak-30]] - similar flight style
* [[G.91 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/363988-fiat-g91-discussion-thread/ WT Forum: Fiat G.91 discussion thread]

* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiat_G.91 en.wikipedia entry]


{{AirManufacturer Fiat}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

VL Pyörremyrsky

2020-01-14T19:48:40Z

U55894676: Added pros and cons

{{Specs-Card
|code=pyorremyrsky
|store=7172
|cockpit=517113/1713196
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.93 "Shark Attack"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="8" | Characteristics
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Stock''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
|646|| 620 ||{{Specs|ceiling}}||17,1|| 18,0 || 23,9 || 18,5 || 390
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Upgraded''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
|646||620||{{Specs|ceiling}}|| 17,1 ||18,0||23,9|| 18,5 || 390
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wing-break speed (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear limit (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Combat flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! + !! -
|-
| 790 || 360 || 460 || ~13 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities
|-
! Ailerons (km/h)
! Rudder (km/h)
! Elevators (km/h)
! Radiator (km/h)
|-
| < 450 || < 390 || < 450 || > 715
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,800 m || 1,270 hp || 1,778 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===


With this aircraft, you will need to strike hard and strike fast. You'll have to since the Pyörremyrsky only has one spar supporting each wing making it easy to rip them off or be blown off by cannon fire. Additionally, this aircraft doesn't have any protective glass in front of the pilot. Without the bulletproof glass, the pilot is extremely vulnerable when going into a head-on fight or when tailing a bomber trying to get a shot. Not only is the pilot put at risk when doing this, but also both the oil and liquid cooling system have a large chance of being destroyed since it does not have any protection.

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|MG 151/20 (20 mm)|LKk/42 (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with the following offensive weapons:

* 1 x 20 mm MG 151/20 auto cannon (150 RPG)
* 2 x 12.7 mm LKk/42 machine guns (300 RPG = 600 total rounds)


== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="1" | Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! colspan="1" | Survivability
! colspan="3" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Radiator
|
| Offensive 12 mm
|
|
|-
| II
|
| Compressor
| Airframe
|
| Offensive 20 mm
| 50 kg
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
|
| New 12 mm MGs
|
|
|-
| IV
|
| Engine injection
| Cover
|
| New 20 mm cannons
| 100 kg
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* Very good climb rate, can outclimb even the Bf 109 G-2 to common combat altitude
* Very effective armament, devastating German MG 151/20 and two Browning .50 cals
* Good turn
* Decent flaps
* Barely any overheating

*

'''Cons:'''

* Not very fast
* Limited ammuntion supply

*

== History ==


The Pyörremyrsky or ''Hurricane'' was a Finnish-built fighter of World War II which did not progress beyond prototype status. Designed by Torsti Rafael Verkkola (1909-1977), the chief designer of ''Valtion lentokonetehdas'' (VL or 'State Aircraft Factory') who had also designed the Myrsky fighter and the Pyry trainer, the Pyörremyrsky was conceived as a domestic equivalent to the Messerschmitt Bf 109G.

Conceptually, the Pyörremyrsky was very similar to the Bf 109G: it was powered by the same Daimler Benz DB605 engine and had a similar armament of one hub-mounted 20 mm cannon and two 12.7 mm hood-mounted machine guns. However, the design was optimised for domestic production, making maximum use of wooden sub-assemblies, and crucially, unlike the Bf 109, it used a wing-mounted landing gear with a wide ground track, giving the design better handling on the ground.

Design and construction of the Pyörremyrsky met significant delays, and while the original tender called for the prototype to be ready in May of 1944, it wasn't until November 21st 1945 that the prototype made its first flight. Flight trials of the Pyörremyrsky revealed some minor issues, but other than that, the design was very promising. Performance of the Pyörremyrsky was very similar to that of the Bf 109G, but it had a superior climbing speed and proved to be very agile. One major worry, however, was the quality of the glue used to bind the wooden components.

The end of the War saw Finland's military subjected to severe restrictions under the Moscow Armistice, which also called for a reduction of its forces. As a result, the Pyörremyrsky became surplus before it even reached production with Finland choosing to retain its Messerschmitt Bf 109G's: the last of the Finnish Bf 109G-6s bowed out of service on March 13th 1954. The sole completed prototype of the Pyörremyrsky was put into storage after its last flight on July 22nd 1947, and stricken from the Finnish Air Force's inventory on April 1st 1953. Fortunately the prototype was preserved: it is now displayed at the Aviation Museum of Central Finland in Tikkakoski.

As a subscript to the Pyörremyrsky's story, in 1948 design work started to replace the VL Pyry trainer, using the Pyörremyrsky's wings combined with a new fuselage. This aircraft, constructed by Valmets - the successor to VL - first flew on February 6th 1951 as the ''Valmets Vihuri''. Unlike the Pyörremyrsky the Vihuri was entirely constructed from metal. 51 aircraft were completed, and the type entered service in 1953 with deliveries completed in January of 1957. As a trainer it was a sound design, however it suffered badly in having Tampere (Bristol) Mercury engines which had been recuperated from scrapped Bristol Blenheim bombers, and which were already worn out by the time they were installed on the trainers. A string of fatal accidents placed severe suspicion on the design, and in March of 1957 the Vihuri was grounded after an accident caused by structural failure. A subsequent inquest showed this particular accident as well as most of the previous ones were caused by pilots violating the flight safety regulations, taking the aircraft beyond its structural limitations. The Vihuri was returned to service in May of 1957, but following two further fatal accidents in 1959 the type was permanently grounded and stricken from the Finnish Air Force's inventory, with 31 out of 32 surviving airframes being sold for scrap; ironically it was outlasted in service by the Pyry (withdrawing in 1962), the design it was supposed to replace as a trainer. The sole surviving complete Vihuri is now displayed next to the sole surviving Pyörremyrsky.

== Media ==


;Images
<div><ul>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:Pyorremyrsky WTWallpaper 001.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:Pyorremyrsky WTWallpaper 002.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:Pyorremyrsky WTWallpaper 003.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:Pyorremyrsky WTWallpaper 004.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:Pyorremyrsky WTWallpaper 005.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:Pyorremyrsky WTWallpaper 006.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:Pyorremyrsky WTWallpaper 007.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
</ul></div>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|ZPGPaceu1oI|'''Pyörremyrsky "One Hard Hitting Finn!"''' - ''Bo Time Gaming''}}

== See also ==


;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* Fiat [[G.55 (Family)|G.55]]
* Macchi [[C.205 (Family)|C.205]]
* Hawker [[Tempest (Family)|Tempest]]
* Martin-Baker [[MB.5]]
* Reggiane [[Re.2005 serie 0|Re.2005]]
* Supermarine [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfire]]
* Yakovlev [[Yak-9 (Family)|Yak-9]]

== External links ==


* [https://warthunder.com/en/news/6448-development-py%C3%B6rremyrsky-the-nordic-whirlwind-en [Development<nowiki>]</nowiki> Pyörremyrsky: The Nordic Whirlwind]

{{AirManufacturer VL}}
{{Sweden fighters}}
{{Sweden premium aircraft}}

C. 205 serie 1

2020-01-14T19:43:46Z

U55894676: Added pros and cons

{{Specs-Card|code=mc-205_serie1}}
{{About
| about = Italian fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = C.205 (Family)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.69 "Regia Aeronautica"]] along with the initial Italian aviation tree.

== General info ==
=== Flight Performance ===
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="8" | Characteristics
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Stock''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 7,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
|-
| 658 || 641 || {{Specs|ceiling}} || 19.0 || 19.7 || 16.8 || 16.8 || 250
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Upgraded''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 7,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
|-
| 710 || 683 || {{Specs|ceiling}} || 17.0 || 18.0 || 25 || 20.4 || 250
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps
! Take-off flaps
! Landing flaps
! Air brakes
! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wing-break speed (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear limit (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Combat flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! +
! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|constructions}} || {{Specs|destruction|chassis}} || 600 || ~14 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities
|-
! Ailerons (km/h)
! Rudder (km/h)
! Elevators (km/h)
! Radiator (km/h)
|-
| < 400 || < 270 || < 550 || > 380
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,800 m || 1,232 hp || 1,387 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===


*8 mm Steel - Armored plate behind the pilot
*50 mm Bulletproof glass - Armored windscreen
*Critical components located at the front of aircraft (pilot, engine, controls)
*More fuel tanks located in wings near the fuselage
*Fuel tank in the fuselage behind the pilot

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|Breda-SAFAT (12.7 mm)|Breda-SAFAT (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 12.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine guns, nose-mounted (400 rpg = 800 total)
* 2 x 7.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine guns, wing-mounted (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in an aircraft, the features of using vehicles in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil
! Water
! Type
|-
| Not controllable || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Not controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Separate || rowspan="2" | Not controllable 1 gear || rowspan="2" | Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="1" | Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! colspan="1" | Survivability
! colspan="1" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Radiator
|
| Offensive 7 mm
|-
| II
|
| Compressor
| Airframe
| New 7 mm MGs
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
|
| Offensive 12 mm
|-
| IV
|
| Engine injection
| Cover
| New 12 mm MGs
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* Very fast for its BR
* Good climb rate
* Good turn with flaps
* Good roll rate

*

'''Cons:'''

* Armament is lackluster, 12.7 mm can sometimes set fires but otherwise are not much goo

*

== History ==

The last Italian fighters of the war (the Serie 5, or "third-generation") all used the new German Daimler Benz 605 engine, putting them on a par with the best mid-war aircraft. The M.C. 205 was the only one of the Serie 5's to see much service with the Italian air force. The prototype, based on the M.C. 202, first flew in April, 1942. The added power allowed it to become the first Italian aircraft with cannon armament in the wings. It was considered extremely maneuverable at middle and low altitudes. About 200 were built and delivered starting in October, 1942, seeing combat service in the Mediterranean and Sicily the next year. Another 112 were built after the armistice and delivered to Fascist Italian forces, who used the plane until summer, 1944. Others continued on in Allied use and after the war remained in service as combat fighters until 1947.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Macchi}}
{{Italy fighters}}

J6K1

2020-01-09T19:49:17Z

U55894676: Added pros and cond

{{Specs-Card|code=j6k1}}

== Description ==


The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]] as a reward for [[wt:en/news/6521-special-operation-f-r-o-s-t-en|Operation F.R.O.S.T]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 10,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 664 || 645 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 18.2 || 19.2 || colspan="2" | 12.4 || rowspan="2" | 400
|-
! Upgraded
| 706 || 685 || 17.8 || 18 || 20.5 || 16
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|constructions}} || {{Specs|destruction|chassis}} || 520 || 280 || ___ || ~12 || ~9
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 390 || < 390 || < 470 || > 324
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Compressor
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
! Setting 1
| 1,000 m || 2,000 hp || 2,190 hp
|-
! Setting 2
| 4,500 m || 1,785 hp || 1,955 hp
|-
! Setting 3
| 9,000 m || 1,578 hp || 1,728 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|Type 99 Model 2 (20 mm)|Type 3 (13.2 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 6 x 20 mm Type 99 Model 2 cannons, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 1,200 total)
* 2 x 13.2 mm Type 3 machine guns, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 400 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|Navy Type 97 Number 6 (60 kg)|Navy Type 98 Number 25 (250 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x 60 kg Navy Type 97 Number 6 bombs (240 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg Navy Type 98 Number 25 bombs (500 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 3 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* Very good armament (best belts are universal/stealth for the 20mm and ground targets/universal on the 13mm)
* Good climbrate, usually on par or above the best allied fighters except the A2D
* Good turn, can pull up to 12G at high speed
* Pretty fast for a Japanese fighter
* Very good energy retention
* Good acceleration
* Good combat flaps

*

'''Cons:'''

* A bit fragile due to lack of armor, pilot is very vulnerable too
* Extreme lock up of rudder and ailerons (placeholder flight model, will likely be improved soon)
* Vne (never exceed speed) is 780 kph TAS
* 6.0 BR means that you can face early Jets, the A2D is a common opponent too and can easily outrun you

*

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Kawanishi}}
{{Japan fighters}}
{{Japan premium aircraft}}

QF 3.7 Ram

2019-12-31T12:02:24Z

U55894676: Pros & cons added

{{Specs-Card|code=uk_ram_90mm_aa}}

== Description ==


The '''{{Specs|name}}''' '''({{Specs|pseudonym}})''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} British tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]] in the [[wt:en/news/6521-special-operation-f-r-o-s-t-en|Operation F.R.O.S.T.]] event.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.''

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===
''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Advise about how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.''

===== Ammunition =====

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 0° Angle of Attack'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| Shot Mk.1 || APCBC || 204 || 202 || 192 || 180 || 169 || 159
|-
| Shell Mk.1 || HE || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13
|-
|}
=== Additional armament ===
''Some tanks are armed with several guns in one or more turrets. Evaluate the additional weaponry and give advice on its use. Describe the ammunition available for additional weaponry. Give advice on about how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage. If there is no additional weaponry remove this subsection.''

=== Machine guns ===
''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.''

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* Powerful gun
* Capable of penetrating every enemy it can face at its BR frontally
* Decent survivability due to high crew amount of 7

*

'''Cons:'''

* Horizontal gun traverse limited to 90° on each side
* Not very fast
* Slow gun traverse
* Weak armor, only protected against light MGs
* Long reload compared to its German counterpart VFW
* Poor gun depression of -5°

*

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Britain tank destroyers}}
{{Britain premium ground vehicles}}

Pz.Bef.Wg.VI P

2019-11-24T13:38:20Z

U55894676:

{{Specs-Card|code=germ_panzerbefelhswagen_VI_P}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_Pz.Bfw.VI(P).jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|nameaa}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} German heavy tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.45 "Steel Generals"]]. The Pz.Bfw. VI (P) is an up-armoured variant of the [[VK 45.01 (P)]], with an extra 100 mm of armour bolted onto the front plate. It costs 6,090 [[Golden_Eagles|Golden Eagles]]

Unlike the [[Tiger H1| Henschel Tiger]], and most other tanks, it is powered by a rather unusual combination of 2 Hybrid gasoline-electric engines. This brings some unusual handling characteristics to play. For example, because it is driven by the electric engine, it can go back just as fast as forward! So it has one of the highest reverse speed in the game now. On the other hand, its top speed in both directions is limited (only 31 kph, and it feels like it could go faster without the limit). It is also a little heavier than the Henschel, has narrower tracks, and its engine output is lower. Soft terrain isn't a friend of this vehicle.

The hull it uses is similar to the Henschel, it has the same 102 mm of front armour, and 82 mm of side and rear armour, only with different shapes. However, additional 102mm armour plates are bolted to the front, making it a total of 204 mm of steel. (the same amount of hull armour can be found on [[Ferdinand|Ferdinand tank destroyer]]!)

'''Other notable differences/similarities:'''

*Transmission is mounted at the rear of the vehicle - no more catching fires from frontal shots!
*It uses the same turret and gun as Tiger H1, but it can use APCR shells.
*It uses the same hull as Ferdinand tank destroyer.
*Turret hasn't got an electric drive - its traverse speed is therefore very slow.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

'''Armour type:'''

*Rolled homogeneous armour
*Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet, Cupola)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 102 + 102 mm (8°) ''Front plate'' 62 mm (78°), 102 + 102 mm (30°) ''Front glacis'' 82 mm (46°) ''Lower glacis'' || 82 mm || 82 mm || 26 mm
|-
| Turret || 100 mm ''Turret front'' 90 - 200 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 82 mm || 82 mm || 26 mm
|-
! Armour !! Sides !! Roof
|-
| Cupola || 80 mm || 26 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

*Lower side hull is only 62 mm thick so watch out.
*An additional 26 mm of armour is bolted in front of the machine gun port on the hull.
*Turret front covered by gun mantlet has variable thickness depending on exact place, ranging from 90 to 200 mm of armour.
*Driver's viewport is actually far from being a weak spot, it still counts as part of 200 mm of front armour + 40 mm.

=== Mobility ===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Mobility characteristic
|-
! Weight (tons)
! colspan="1" | Add-on Armor weight (tons)
! colspan="1" | Max speed (km/h)
|-
| rowspan="2" | 60.0 || colspan="1" rowspan="2" | N/A || colspan="1" | 33 (AB)
|-
|31 (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine power (horsepower)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|684
|842
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|469
|530
|-
! colspan="3" | Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|11.40
|14.03
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|7.82
|8.83
|-
|}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|KwK 36 (88 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[KwK 36 (88 mm)|88 mm KwK 36]]
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
! rowspan="1" | Stabilizer
|-
| colspan="3" | 80 || -8°/+16° || ±180° || N/A
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! style="width:4em" |Mode
! style="width:4em" |Stock
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || 4.50 || 6.20 || __.__ || __.__ || __.__
|-
| ''Realistic'' || 4.50 || 5.30 || __.__ || __.__ || __.__
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| 9.60 || __.__ || __.__ || __.__
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 90°'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| Pzgr. (Pzgr. 39) || APCBC ||153 (164)|| 151 (162) || 140 (151) ||128 (139)||116 (127)||106 (117)
|-
| Sprgr. L/4,5 || HE || 11 || 11 ||11||11||11||11
|-
| Hl.Gr 39 || HEAT || 110 || 110 || 110 || 110 || 110 || 110
|-
| PzGr 40 || APCR || 220 || 219 || 200 || 179 || 160 || 143
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| Pzgr. (Pzgr. 39) || APCBC || 810 (773) || 9.5 (10.2) || 1.2 || 14 || 285.6 (108.8) || +4° || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| Sprgr. L/4,5 || HE || 820 || 11 || 0.1 || 0.5 || 935 || +0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| Hl.Gr 39 || HEAT || 600 || 7.6 || 0.0 || 0.3 || 1100 || +0° || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
| PzGr 40 || APCR || 930 || 7.3 || N/A || N/A || N/A || +1.5° || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
|}

* '''Pzgr. 39''' Stick with this type of shell as it's the best. It will do incredible damage to any encountered tank, except SPAA, AA guns, or AI artillery. It may struggle with some heavier tanks like the IS-1, IS-2, or American heavy tanks at long ranges, but well-placed shots from close range or sides will do the job; all other medium and light tanks will be history as soon as this shell make a contact with them. This shell, however, will almost always over-penetrate all but the most armoured SPAA vehicles, so it is best to use HE or machine gun fire.

* '''Pzgr.'''

This shell is best used in a 0.3 uptier or full downtier (200 and 220 SP respectively). It has 168g instead of the 64g of explosive mass on the Pzgr 39. While its muzzle velocity is slightly

higher (810 m/sec) the penetration goes down to 153mm (0m/0°). The additional explosive mass can help with oneshotting enemies more often but the Pzgr 39 is usually more than

enough to kill enemies and it offers slightly higher penetration too.

* '''Hl.Gr. 39''' The heat shell is best avoided as it deals less damage than the APBC Shell and has a much lower muzzle-velocity, meaning that the gun has to aim ridiculously high for sniping. It also offers less penetration than APBC at all ranges.
* '''PzGr 40''' As the APCR round for the gun, this will give the tank the greater edge needed to take out heavily protected tanks.
* '''Sprgr. 39''' The HE shell is completely ineffective against all but SPAA or the AI artillery on the Kursk and Ash River maps, and the machine gun mounted on the Tiger has proven quite capable of dealing with these. Keep a small supply of this shell on hand if planning to flank the enemy and take out their SPAA or artillery, but avoid them for everything else.

===== [[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] =====
[[File:Ammoracks_Pz.Bfw.VI(P).png|right|thumbnail|x250px|[[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] of the Pz.Bfw.VI (P).]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Full ammo
! class="wikitable unsortable" |1st rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |2nd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |3rd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |4th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |5th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |6th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Visual discrepancy
|-
|| '''80''' || 67 ''(+13)'' || 53 ''(+27)'' || 40 ''(+40)'' || 27 ''(+53)'' || 14 ''(+66)'' || 1 ''(+79)'' || style="text-align:left" | Yes
|-
|}

Left side empty: 40 (+40)

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|MG 34 (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | [[MG 34 (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm MG 34]]
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Coaxial mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 1,800 (150) || 900 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

With this tank, a calm and patient player will be able to rip apart lots of enemies, before being knocked out. The Tiger P can easily survive a duel with other Henschel Tigers, because its hull armour is much stronger, and they use the same turret, that is rather hard to be penned by Short 8.8cm guns they use.

One of the flaws of its armour design is that it cannot be effectively angled AT ALL. Because of its front hull cheeks, that are only 82 mm thick, even the slightest angling makes them very vulnerable to all guns, and to make matters even worse, ammunition is stored right behind them on both sides (unless one carries less ammunition).

The gameplay is very similar to the [[Tiger E|Tiger E]]. Avoid direct close range confrontations (although the Porsche can hold its ground a lot better there), where its weak spots can be targeted, or be flanked easily, and rather use its excellent accurate gun to outshoot the opponents from afar while using the terrain and various obstacles as cover (Hulldown manoeuvre). Refrain from angling the armour, as opposed to Box-shaped Henschel Tigers, because of the vulnerable front hull cheeks and much thinner side armour. 204 mm of front hull armour can defeat a lot of shells even completely un-angled, and even more at a high distance.

Remember about the high reverse speed (31 kph!), if the situation is becoming dire, try to retreat from it by reversing while still facing the opponents with 200 mm of front armour and dangerous gun!

Lastly, remember that that the {{specs|pseudonym}} BR is quite high, and it can meet opponents that are almost invulnerable to the 88 mm gun from the front (even when using APCR), and/or can still instantly destroy the Pz.Bfw.VI (P) with one well-aimed shot.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* Strong 200 mm (100 + 100) frontal armour
* Low chance of fire from front shots thanks to the rear-mounted transmission
* Accurate gun for long ranges
* Has APCR ammunition
* Reverse is just as fast as forward drive
* Premium vehicle - Earns much more Silver Lion/RPs per battle

'''Cons:'''

* Huge, exposed sides due to vehicle length and front hull cheeks are prominent weak points
* Small weak spot on the hull - the machine gun port
* Often not enough penetration against higher BR vehicles it faces
* Mobility and top speed is average, turning the tank bleeds speed quickly
* Slow turret traverse
* Gun mantlet presents a big weakness due to some flat areas
* The 204 mm of frontal armour will not stand against high-powered rounds

== History ==

===Development===
In 1942, a program to submit a heavy tank design weighing 45 tons mounting the 88 mm KwK 36 cannon derived from the successful 88 mm FlaK gun was launched on May 21. Two companies, Henschel and Porsche were contracted to design the tank hull that could mount the turret designed by Krupp.

Porsche's development for this project was to upgrade their existing VK 30.01 (P) medium tank design, adapting parts from the tank into their new heavy tank. This heavy tank designed by Porsche was designated the '''[[VK 45.01 (P)|VK 45.01 (P)]]''' and was powered by twin air-cooled gasoline Porsche Type 101/1 engines that were in the rear of the tank. Each engine drives a separate generator on each side of the tank that would then each power one of the two electric motors for each track. This design resulted in the tank being prone to breakdown due to complexity, high-maintenance, and deficiency in copper quality available for use.

The vehicle was displayed to Hitler on his birthday on April 20, 1942, alongside the Henschel version VK 45.01 (H). Unlike the Henschel variant, which had the turret mounted mid-hull, the Porsche version had the turret mounted far forward on the hull in order to make space for its rear engines and drive system. The tank was then evaluated by a technical committee headed by Albert Speer and it was found that the Henschel design was superior to the Porsche design as it was more mobile, more reliable, and easier to enter production. The Henschel version was accepted into service by the German Wehrmacht and was designated the [[Tiger H1|Tiger I]], while the Porsche variant was sidelined. Only five VK 45.01 (P) were produced before its rejection.

===Usage===
Before even the evaluations began, Porsche was so confident that their design would be chosen that one hundred chassis of the VK 45.01 (P) was already produced. With the Henschel version chosen, the chassis was no longer needed to be made into a tank format, but it would be a waste to simply scrap them. These chassis were converted into casemate structures that could mount the new 88 mm Pak 43 cannon, which was longer and more powerful than the KwK 36 on the Tiger I. This would be called the ''[[Ferdinand|Ferdinand]]'' tank destroyer, later redesignated as the ''Elefant''. Three VK 45.01 (P) was also converted into recovery vehicles designated the ''Bergepanzer Tiger(P)''.

Out of the five VK 45.01 (P) produced from its development to its rejection, only one saw service in World War II. The tank had the chassis number 150013 and was converted into a command tank, thus was designated the '''Panzerbefehlswagen VI (P)'''. As a command tank, the tank would have much more radios than usual to allow for command communication between tank units and headquarters. Another feature on the Panzerbefehlswagen VI (P) was that an extra 100 mm of armour was welded onto the front hull armour, bringing the original 100 mm hull armour to 200 mm effective in thickness. The tank was used by Hauptmann Grillenberg in turret number 003 and the tank saw service on the Eastern Front with the Ferdinand units, serving in Tank Destroyer Battalion 653. It was deployed in April 1944 but was then lost in July of the same year.

=== In-game description ===
The Tiger Porsche heavy tanks built by Ferdinand Porsche (Nibelungen-Werke) were developed to compete with Erwin Aders’s tanks (Henschel), but they essentially lost the competition. Most of the completed bodies equipped with track assembly and engines went toward the construction of the Ferdinand/Elefant tank destroyers.

However, several (at least ten) bodies of the future Porsche tank were built in 1942 and equipped with Krupp turrets. Several of these prototypes underwent testing at the Dyullerskheym training ground in the summer/fall of 1942 and were even used by the 503rd tank battalion as training vehicles.

== Media ==

[https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?q=%23pzbfw_vi_p '''Skins''' and '''camouflages''' for the Pz.Bfw. VI (P) from live.warthunder.com.]
===Sights===

* [https://live.warthunder.com/post/675135/en/ RideR2's Realistic gunsight (TZF4a, TZF 5a/b/d/e/f/f2, TZF 9b/b1/c/d, TZF 12/a) for Pzkpfw II, Pzkpfw III, Pzkpfw IV, Pzkpfw V, Pzkpfw VI]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on tank;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Germany heavy tanks}}
{{Germany premium ground vehicles}}

Pz.Bef.Wg.VI P

2019-11-24T13:37:16Z

U55894676: Added Pzgr. to shell table

{{Specs-Card|code=germ_panzerbefelhswagen_VI_P}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_Pz.Bfw.VI(P).jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|nameaa}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} German heavy tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.45 "Steel Generals"]]. The Pz.Bfw. VI (P) is an up-armoured variant of the [[VK 45.01 (P)]], with an extra 100 mm of armour bolted onto the front plate. It costs 6,090 [[Golden_Eagles|Golden Eagles]]

Unlike the [[Tiger H1| Henschel Tiger]], and most other tanks, it is powered by a rather unusual combination of 2 Hybrid gasoline-electric engines. This brings some unusual handling characteristics to play. For example, because it is driven by the electric engine, it can go back just as fast as forward! So it has one of the highest reverse speed in the game now. On the other hand, its top speed in both directions is limited (only 31 kph, and it feels like it could go faster without the limit). It is also a little heavier than the Henschel, has narrower tracks, and its engine output is lower. Soft terrain isn't a friend of this vehicle.

The hull it uses is similar to the Henschel, it has the same 102 mm of front armour, and 82 mm of side and rear armour, only with different shapes. However, additional 102mm armour plates are bolted to the front, making it a total of 204 mm of steel. (the same amount of hull armour can be found on [[Ferdinand|Ferdinand tank destroyer]]!)

'''Other notable differences/similarities:'''

*Transmission is mounted at the rear of the vehicle - no more catching fires from frontal shots!
*It uses the same turret and gun as Tiger H1, but it can use APCR shells.
*It uses the same hull as Ferdinand tank destroyer.
*Turret hasn't got an electric drive - its traverse speed is therefore very slow.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

'''Armour type:'''

*Rolled homogeneous armour
*Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet, Cupola)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 102 + 102 mm (8°) ''Front plate'' 62 mm (78°), 102 + 102 mm (30°) ''Front glacis'' 82 mm (46°) ''Lower glacis'' || 82 mm || 82 mm || 26 mm
|-
| Turret || 100 mm ''Turret front'' 90 - 200 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 82 mm || 82 mm || 26 mm
|-
! Armour !! Sides !! Roof
|-
| Cupola || 80 mm || 26 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

*Lower side hull is only 62 mm thick so watch out.
*An additional 26 mm of armour is bolted in front of the machine gun port on the hull.
*Turret front covered by gun mantlet has variable thickness depending on exact place, ranging from 90 to 200 mm of armour.
*Driver's viewport is actually far from being a weak spot, it still counts as part of 200 mm of front armour + 40 mm.

=== Mobility ===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Mobility characteristic
|-
! Weight (tons)
! colspan="1" | Add-on Armor weight (tons)
! colspan="1" | Max speed (km/h)
|-
| rowspan="2" | 60.0 || colspan="1" rowspan="2" | N/A || colspan="1" | 33 (AB)
|-
|31 (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine power (horsepower)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|684
|842
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|469
|530
|-
! colspan="3" | Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|11.40
|14.03
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|7.82
|8.83
|-
|}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|KwK 36 (88 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[KwK 36 (88 mm)|88 mm KwK 36]]
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
! rowspan="1" | Stabilizer
|-
| colspan="3" | 80 || -8°/+16° || ±180° || N/A
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! style="width:4em" |Mode
! style="width:4em" |Stock
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || 4.50 || 6.20 || __.__ || __.__ || __.__
|-
| ''Realistic'' || 4.50 || 5.30 || __.__ || __.__ || __.__
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| 9.60 || __.__ || __.__ || __.__
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 90°'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| Pzgr. (Pzgr. 39) || APCBC ||153 (164)|| 151 (162) || 140 (151) ||128 (139)||116 (127)||106 (117)
|-
| Sprgr. L/4,5 || HE || 11 || 11 ||11||11||11||11
|-
| Hl.Gr 39 || HEAT || 110 || 110 || 110 || 110 || 110 || 110
|-
| PzGr 40 || APCR || 220 || 219 || 200 || 179 || 160 || 143
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| Pzgr. (Pzgr. 39) || APCBC || 810 (773) || 9.5 (10.2) || 1.2 || 14 || 285.6 (108.8) || +4° || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| Sprgr. L/4,5 || HE || 820 || 11 || 0.1 || 0.5 || 935 || +0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| Hl.Gr 39 || HEAT || 600 || 7.6 || 0.0 || 0.3 || 1100 || +0° || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
| PzGr 40 || APCR || 1000 || 7.3 || N/A || N/A || N/A || +1.5° || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
|}

* '''Pzgr. 39''' Stick with this type of shell as it's the best. It will do incredible damage to any encountered tank, except SPAA, AA guns, or AI artillery. It may struggle with some heavier tanks like the IS-1, IS-2, or American heavy tanks at long ranges, but well-placed shots from close range or sides will do the job; all other medium and light tanks will be history as soon as this shell make a contact with them. This shell, however, will almost always over-penetrate all but the most armoured SPAA vehicles, so it is best to use HE or machine gun fire.

* '''Pzgr.'''

This shell is best used in a 0.3 uptier or full downtier (200 and 220 SP respectively). It has 168g instead of the 64g of explosive mass on the Pzgr 39. While its muzzle velocity is slightly

higher (810 m/sec) the penetration goes down to 153mm (0m/0°). The additional explosive mass can help with oneshotting enemies more often but the Pzgr 39 is usually more than

enough to kill enemies and it offers slightly higher penetration too.

* '''Hl.Gr. 39''' The heat shell is best avoided as it deals less damage than the APBC Shell and has a much lower muzzle-velocity, meaning that the gun has to aim ridiculously high for sniping. It also offers less penetration than APBC at all ranges.
* '''PzGr 40''' As the APCR round for the gun, this will give the tank the greater edge needed to take out heavily protected tanks.
* '''Sprgr. 39''' The HE shell is completely ineffective against all but SPAA or the AI artillery on the Kursk and Ash River maps, and the machine gun mounted on the Tiger has proven quite capable of dealing with these. Keep a small supply of this shell on hand if planning to flank the enemy and take out their SPAA or artillery, but avoid them for everything else.

===== [[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] =====
[[File:Ammoracks_Pz.Bfw.VI(P).png|right|thumbnail|x250px|[[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] of the Pz.Bfw.VI (P).]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Full ammo
! class="wikitable unsortable" |1st rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |2nd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |3rd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |4th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |5th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |6th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Visual discrepancy
|-
|| '''80''' || 67 ''(+13)'' || 53 ''(+27)'' || 40 ''(+40)'' || 27 ''(+53)'' || 14 ''(+66)'' || 1 ''(+79)'' || style="text-align:left" | Yes
|-
|}

Left side empty: 40 (+40)

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|MG 34 (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | [[MG 34 (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm MG 34]]
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Coaxial mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 1,800 (150) || 900 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

With this tank, a calm and patient player will be able to rip apart lots of enemies, before being knocked out. The Tiger P can easily survive a duel with other Henschel Tigers, because its hull armour is much stronger, and they use the same turret, that is rather hard to be penned by Short 8.8cm guns they use.

One of the flaws of its armour design is that it cannot be effectively angled AT ALL. Because of its front hull cheeks, that are only 82 mm thick, even the slightest angling makes them very vulnerable to all guns, and to make matters even worse, ammunition is stored right behind them on both sides (unless one carries less ammunition).

The gameplay is very similar to the [[Tiger E|Tiger E]]. Avoid direct close range confrontations (although the Porsche can hold its ground a lot better there), where its weak spots can be targeted, or be flanked easily, and rather use its excellent accurate gun to outshoot the opponents from afar while using the terrain and various obstacles as cover (Hulldown manoeuvre). Refrain from angling the armour, as opposed to Box-shaped Henschel Tigers, because of the vulnerable front hull cheeks and much thinner side armour. 204 mm of front hull armour can defeat a lot of shells even completely un-angled, and even more at a high distance.

Remember about the high reverse speed (31 kph!), if the situation is becoming dire, try to retreat from it by reversing while still facing the opponents with 200 mm of front armour and dangerous gun!

Lastly, remember that that the {{specs|pseudonym}} BR is quite high, and it can meet opponents that are almost invulnerable to the 88 mm gun from the front (even when using APCR), and/or can still instantly destroy the Pz.Bfw.VI (P) with one well-aimed shot.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* Strong 200 mm (100 + 100) frontal armour
* Low chance of fire from front shots thanks to the rear-mounted transmission
* Accurate gun for long ranges
* Has APCR ammunition
* Reverse is just as fast as forward drive
* Premium vehicle - Earns much more Silver Lion/RPs per battle

'''Cons:'''

* Huge, exposed sides due to vehicle length and front hull cheeks are prominent weak points
* Small weak spot on the hull - the machine gun port
* Often not enough penetration against higher BR vehicles it faces
* Mobility and top speed is average, turning the tank bleeds speed quickly
* Slow turret traverse
* Gun mantlet presents a big weakness due to some flat areas
* The 204 mm of frontal armour will not stand against high-powered rounds

== History ==

===Development===
In 1942, a program to submit a heavy tank design weighing 45 tons mounting the 88 mm KwK 36 cannon derived from the successful 88 mm FlaK gun was launched on May 21. Two companies, Henschel and Porsche were contracted to design the tank hull that could mount the turret designed by Krupp.

Porsche's development for this project was to upgrade their existing VK 30.01 (P) medium tank design, adapting parts from the tank into their new heavy tank. This heavy tank designed by Porsche was designated the '''[[VK 45.01 (P)|VK 45.01 (P)]]''' and was powered by twin air-cooled gasoline Porsche Type 101/1 engines that were in the rear of the tank. Each engine drives a separate generator on each side of the tank that would then each power one of the two electric motors for each track. This design resulted in the tank being prone to breakdown due to complexity, high-maintenance, and deficiency in copper quality available for use.

The vehicle was displayed to Hitler on his birthday on April 20, 1942, alongside the Henschel version VK 45.01 (H). Unlike the Henschel variant, which had the turret mounted mid-hull, the Porsche version had the turret mounted far forward on the hull in order to make space for its rear engines and drive system. The tank was then evaluated by a technical committee headed by Albert Speer and it was found that the Henschel design was superior to the Porsche design as it was more mobile, more reliable, and easier to enter production. The Henschel version was accepted into service by the German Wehrmacht and was designated the [[Tiger H1|Tiger I]], while the Porsche variant was sidelined. Only five VK 45.01 (P) were produced before its rejection.

===Usage===
Before even the evaluations began, Porsche was so confident that their design would be chosen that one hundred chassis of the VK 45.01 (P) was already produced. With the Henschel version chosen, the chassis was no longer needed to be made into a tank format, but it would be a waste to simply scrap them. These chassis were converted into casemate structures that could mount the new 88 mm Pak 43 cannon, which was longer and more powerful than the KwK 36 on the Tiger I. This would be called the ''[[Ferdinand|Ferdinand]]'' tank destroyer, later redesignated as the ''Elefant''. Three VK 45.01 (P) was also converted into recovery vehicles designated the ''Bergepanzer Tiger(P)''.

Out of the five VK 45.01 (P) produced from its development to its rejection, only one saw service in World War II. The tank had the chassis number 150013 and was converted into a command tank, thus was designated the '''Panzerbefehlswagen VI (P)'''. As a command tank, the tank would have much more radios than usual to allow for command communication between tank units and headquarters. Another feature on the Panzerbefehlswagen VI (P) was that an extra 100 mm of armour was welded onto the front hull armour, bringing the original 100 mm hull armour to 200 mm effective in thickness. The tank was used by Hauptmann Grillenberg in turret number 003 and the tank saw service on the Eastern Front with the Ferdinand units, serving in Tank Destroyer Battalion 653. It was deployed in April 1944 but was then lost in July of the same year.

=== In-game description ===
The Tiger Porsche heavy tanks built by Ferdinand Porsche (Nibelungen-Werke) were developed to compete with Erwin Aders’s tanks (Henschel), but they essentially lost the competition. Most of the completed bodies equipped with track assembly and engines went toward the construction of the Ferdinand/Elefant tank destroyers.

However, several (at least ten) bodies of the future Porsche tank were built in 1942 and equipped with Krupp turrets. Several of these prototypes underwent testing at the Dyullerskheym training ground in the summer/fall of 1942 and were even used by the 503rd tank battalion as training vehicles.

== Media ==

[https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?q=%23pzbfw_vi_p '''Skins''' and '''camouflages''' for the Pz.Bfw. VI (P) from live.warthunder.com.]
===Sights===

* [https://live.warthunder.com/post/675135/en/ RideR2's Realistic gunsight (TZF4a, TZF 5a/b/d/e/f/f2, TZF 9b/b1/c/d, TZF 12/a) for Pzkpfw II, Pzkpfw III, Pzkpfw IV, Pzkpfw V, Pzkpfw VI]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on tank;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Germany heavy tanks}}
{{Germany premium ground vehicles}}

Leopard A1A1 (L/44)

2019-09-28T20:44:49Z

U55894676: Pros & cons edited

{{Specs-Card|code=germ_leopard_a1a1_120}}
{{About
|about=medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage=other uses
|link=Leopard (Family)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage Leopard A1A1 (L 44).jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} German medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.81 "The Valkyries"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===


Players who have purchased the Leopard A1A1 L44 should be familiar with the armour of non-premium Leopard 1s. If not, the Leopard may not be what people expect a tank to be. It was developed before composite materials were discovered at a time where HEAT shells were so effective that in order for armour to be effective, it would be so thick that it would not be practical. Hence, the designers of Leopard 1s, knowing that there was no possible way of stopping HEAT rounds, removed the concept of armour. In essence, the Leopard A1A1 has no armour. The front hull, accounting slope, is only some 130 mm thick. The turret and gun mantle are some 100 mm depending on the angle. [[BMP-2]]'s auto-cannon, racked with APDS, will penetrate your turret and will cause major damage. Any HEAT projectile impacting the tank will likely result in instantly being destroyed. However, the engine block can at times reliably save the crew from HEAT shells. APDS and APFSDS are a different story. The armour on the Leopard A1A1 is so thin that most non-explosive-filled shells will seldom cause spalling upon penetrating the side of the tank. Frontal penetrations will cause much more damage, as the armour is just enough to cause spalling.

The ready rack ammo is stored vertically within your turret to the left side of the tank. So AP penetrations to the right side of your tank may not set off the ammo. But, 3/4 of your crew are sited in a single file on the right side. So a penetration will knock you out nonetheless. Try to take no more than 20 shells, as it will increase the likelihood of ammo cook-off. The point is not to get hit, because if anything hits you, it will go through, and it will cause damage.

In some cases, you could operate the tank backwards and use your engine block as a shield, as most HEAT shells will be absorbed by your transmission, radiator and engine.

=== Mobility ===


The mobility of the Leopard A1A1 is between the [[XM-1 (GM)|XM-1]] and [[T-55AM-1|T-55AM-1]]. Forward speed off road, expect some 40-50 km/h. The reverse is about 15 km/h off-road. The neutral steering is absolutely amazing, you are able to swivel your tank easily. The suspensions are also great, very soft with great dampening effects, so expect a smooth drive.

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|Rheinmetall L44 (120 mm)}}

The legendary 120 mm Rheinmetall L44 cannon does not fall short of its name. You get access to only two types of shells, DM13 APFSDS and DM12 HEAT-FS, with both being highly competitive and effective at its battle-rating. The DM13 APFSDS round has a whopping 390 mm of penetration and is capable of defeating any armour of any tank this tank may potentially face, bar the [[T-64B]]. The round also travels extremely fast at 1,650 m/s, making long range shooting and hitting moving targets exceptionally easy. The HEAT-FS, on the other hand, will result in hull-breaks on lightly armoured targets while also being free of cost. The 120 mm HEAT with its 650 mm penetration is able hull-break [[Object 120]]s and [[Object 906|906]]s and anything that's not a main battle tank. For example, you can hit the tracks of an anti-aircraft vehicle, and it will hull-break. The 1,100 m/s velocity may, however, make long-range engagements more difficult, especially when dealing with moving targets.

The L44 also features a decent reload time of 8.7 seconds stock and 6.7 seconds spaded, which is comparable to its 105 mm armed counterpart. The gun also features a stabiliser, firing on the move a definite capability. However, it only works up to around 30 to 40 km/h. Beyond that, the gun becomes quite jittery and hard to aim.

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|MG 3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

The {{PAGENAME}} is armed with two MG 3A1s, which fires a 7.62 mm round. However, these are more of deterrents to helicopters and fixed-wing aircraft, as the small calibre bullets will rarely cause critical damage to aircraft.

== Usage in battles ==
=== Pros and cons ===
'''Pros:'''

* Good mobility with excellent hull traverse and reverse speeds
* Effective gun with powerful ammunition able to defeat any opponent at its battle-rating
* The reload speed hasn't changed despite its new 120 mm cannon
* Laser rangefinder
* Despite the addition of bigger gun, the mobility hasn't changed
* Thermal vision for gunner

'''Cons:'''

* Armour does not reliably protect against even autocannons
*
* No heavy machine gun, often helpless against helicopters

=== Tactics and strategy ===

==== Realistic battles ====
The primary role of the Leopard A1A1 (L/44) should be that of a long-range sniper and flanker. Its incredible firepower with its 120 mm gun makes it easy to engage and destroy any tank from long distances while remaining concealed and thus protected from enemy fire. The good mobility on this vehicle allows you to reach good positions to snipe from and the laser rangefinder makes long-range targeting easy. The lack of armour on this tank makes direct engagements very risky and often nonviable so keeping at a distance maximises your chances of survival and opportunity to inflict damage. Alternatively, the Leopard can be employed in flanking manoeuvres, using its good mobility to encircle the enemy and destroy them while they are unaware, again removing the danger of enemy fire destroying your tank.

== History ==

Development of a Leopard 1 fitted with the 120mm L44 cannon began as a private venture of the Rheinmetall company, hoping that such a Leopard 1 variant would be of interest, not just to the German army due to logistical commonalities with the Leopard 2 and higher performance of the gun, but also to international customers seeking third generation MBT features on older machines.

In the early 1980s, a Leopard 1A1A1 was modified with a thicker cast steel mantlet, suitable for mounting the Rheinmetall 120mm cannon, and additional interior changes to hold the respective ammunition. Further changes were applied in early 1985, with the installation of the EMES 18 fire control system from the Leopard 1A5.

Although there were several different prototypes based on Leopard 1 outfitted with the 120mm Rheinmetall cannon, none of them managed to justify a costly large scale upgrade effort of existing Leopard 1s. The upgrade was largely considered redundant due to the already more advanced Leopard 2 being in service.

''- From [https://warthunder.com/en/news/5724-development-leopard-1-with-the-rheinmetall-120mm-l44-en Devblog]''

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|Vm0waTJnLrM|Downtiered and More Competitive - Leopard A1A1 L/44 - War Thunder RB Gameplay ''-Jim Chamberlin''|nwskQP2t5Io|WT: Leo A1A1 (L/44) - Tank Review ''-Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://warthunder.com/en/news/5724-development-leopard-1-with-the-rheinmetall-120mm-l44-en [Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> Leopard 1 with the Rheinmetall 120mm L44]

{{Germany medium tanks}}
{{Germany premium ground vehicles}}

Ta 152 H-1

2019-09-11T19:04:54Z

U55894676: Pros amd cons edited

{{Specs-Card|code=ta-152h-1}}
{{About
| about = German fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = Ta 152 C-3
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German fighter {{Battle-rating}}. This fighter has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

== General info ==
=== Flight Performance ===


Really fast, maneuverable and stable at +350 km/h. Can outrun a lot of competitors at the BR. Combat flaps are really useful in dogfights. Decent rate of climb, but great turn time as well as rolling rate.

If you're gonna play its job as a perfect interceptor, just climb up and dive unto the bomber, you can easily outclimb a lot of competitors.

[[File:Cockpit Ta152.jpg|x150px|right|thumb|none|Cockpit of the Ta 152]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="8" | Characteristics
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Stock''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 10,200 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
|-
| 725 || 707 || {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.1 || 21.3 || 14 || 14 || 315
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Upgraded''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 10,200 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
|-
| 788 || 755 || {{Specs|ceiling}} || 20.3 || 20.5 || 22.2 || 17.5 || 315
|-
|}

====Details====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps
! Take-off flaps
! Landing flaps
! Air brakes
! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wing-break speed (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear limit (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Combat flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! +
! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|constructions}} || {{Specs|destruction|chassis}} || 900 || ~10 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities
|-
! Ailerons (km/h)
! Rudder (km/h)
! Elevators (km/h)
! Radiator (km/h)
|-
| < 380 || < 220 || < 550 || > 290
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 2,600 m || 1,750 hp || 2,073 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 6,800 m || 1,540 hp || 1,824 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 3
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 9,700 m || 1,230 hp || 1,457 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 4
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 11,000 m || 1,380 hp || 1,635 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===


* 5 mm steel - under the cockpit
* 5 mm steel + 8 mm steel - behind the pilot
* 20 mm steel - pilot's headrest
* 70 mm bulletproof glass - armoured windscreen
* 15 mm steel - engine cowling

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|MK 108 (30 mm)|MG 151/20 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 30 mm MK 108 cannon, nose-mounted (90 rpg)
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151/20 cannons, wing-mounted (175 rpg = 350 total)

== Usage in battles ==

The Ta-152 H-1 is a designated high altitude fighter with a great wing area and good manoeuvrability, unlike its heavier brethren the [[Ta 152 C-3]]. Fly high, preferably at >10 km (32000 ft) since the engine is more effective at those altitudes.

There is a noticeable change above 3,800 m where the engine starts providing more power however it is generally not sufficient to make the plane superior to the aircraft it generally fights, so do not rely on it. Most players use this aircraft as a "Boom & Zoom" although it is possible to dogfight with aircraft that have at least one disadvantage (e.g. P-51 - lower roll rate at low speeds and climb rate above 4,000 m relative to the Ta 152) so tactics vary.

Not advisable to tackle more than one enemy at once.

Do not dogfight [[Fw 190 D-9 (USSR)|Russian FW 190 D]] premium, or the [[F8F (Family)|Bearcat]] as there is practically nothing you can do.

===Manual Engine Control===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil
! Water
! Type
|-
| Not controllable || rowspan="2" | Controllable Auto control available || rowspan="2" | Not controllable Auto control available || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Combined || rowspan="2" | Not controllable 4 gears || rowspan="2" | Not controllable
|-
|}

===Modules===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="1" | Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! colspan="1" | Survivability
! colspan="2" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Radiator
|
| Offensive 20 mm
|
|-
| II
|
| Compressor
| Airframe
|
| Offensive 30 mm
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
|
| New 20 mm cannons
|
|-
| IV
|
| Engine injection
| Cover
|
| New 30 mm cannons
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 30 mm cannon usually obliterates enemies upon impact
* Stable in all axis (joystick)
* Unstable when ~400 km/h and turn(mouse aim)
* Can out-climb the P-51 D at high altitude
* Good performance above 7,000 m
* Combat flaps rip off at 900 km/h, which means you can use them in any speed
* Above average turner for Germany, combat flaps increase turn so much that you can keep up even with some Spitfires
* Excellent MER, especially with flaps it will easily win a prolonged dogfight

'''Cons:'''

* 30 mm cannon is low-velocity, making it hard to hit
* Has a tendency to snap roll viciously
* Average roll rate, which is made significantly worse by pitching up/down
* Somewhat slow on low to medium altitude
* Poor parasite drag to thrust ratio, meaning a lot of energy is lost in diving attacks
* Very high repair cost for Realistic battles
*

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== Encyclopedia Info ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

=== In-game description ===
"The Ta 152 was, without a doubt, the best aircraft designed by Kurt Tank for Focke-Wulf. The aircraft was a further redesign of the venerable Fw 190, namely of the Fw 190 D. The Ta 152 became possible thanks to the new high-altitude Jumo 213 and DB 603 engines.

Development began in the winter of 1942-1943, when RLM's technical department released specifications for a new 'Spezial Jaeger', or Special Fighter. The fighter was to be capable of a high-altitude interceptor role. The Ta 152 H-1 was armed with a MK 108 cannon with 85 rounds firing through the propeller hub and two MG 151/20 cannons (220 rounds per gun) in the wings. The H-1 went into serial production in January or February of 1945. A total of only 70 or so were produced, of which very few made it to front-line service."

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Germany fighters}}

Leopard A1A1

2019-07-13T20:55:29Z

U55894676:

{{Specs-Card|code=germ_leopard_I_a1}}
{{About
|about=medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage=other uses
|link=Leopard (Family)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_LeopardA1A1.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{specs|name}}''' (also known as the '''1A1A1''') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.63 "Desert Hunters"]]. An improvement over the [[Leopard I|initial variant]], it has a major upgrade in terms of a better gun stabilizer system, allowing for a better fire-on-the-move accuracy.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===


The Leopard's armour is not thick enough in the game to defend itself from most incoming fire, as many shell types at its battle rating are able to easily penetrate and destroy the tank. The Leopard 1 was originally built with a "perfect standard tank" idea, similar to the Main Battle Tank concept, as during its development the armour has been considered an expendable quality and that superior speed and firepower, if enough to make real damage in the enemy lines, is most important. Therefore, the Leopard's armour design was only meant to withstand 20mm calibers. A big threat is the [[ZSU-57-2|ZSU-57]], which gives any Leopard 1 a hard time with its high RoF and for the Leopard-deadly caliber of 57mm.

'''Armour type:'''

*Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull, Turret roof)
*Cast homogeneous armour (Turret)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides (Slope angle) !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 70 mm (60°) ''Front glacis'' 50 mm (50°) ''Bottom glacis'' || 35 (39-41°) mm ''Top hull side'' 30 + 5 mm ''Bottom hull side'' || 25 mm (14-48°) || 30 mm ''Front area'' 15 mm ''Rear area''
|-
| Turret || 65 + 35 mm ''Turret front'' 45-200 + 35 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 37-45 + 10-20 mm || 38-52 + 10 mm || 25-35 mm ''Turret roof'' 20 mm ''Cupola area''
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick.
*The turret mantlet has a varying thickness of 45 - 200 mm thick. It is thickest near the center.
*20 mm of track armour added onto front hull glacis
*Additional spaced armour is added to the turret, 35 mm on the front and 20 to 10 mm on the sides and rear
* Hull roof is rated to be 54 mm effective against HE.

=== Mobility ===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Mobility characteristic
|-
! Weight (tons)
! colspan="1" | Add-on Armor weight (tons)
! colspan="1" | Max speed (km/h)
|-
| rowspan="2" | 42.4 || colspan="1" rowspan="2" | N/A || colspan="1" | 72 (AB)
|-
|65 (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine power (horsepower)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|1,286
|1,583
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|734
|830
|-
! colspan="3" | Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|30.33
|37.33
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|17.31
|19.57
|-
|}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|L7A3 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[L7A3 (105 mm)|105 mm L7A3]]
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
! rowspan="1" | Stabilizer
|-
| colspan="3" | 60 || -9°/+20° || ±180° || Two-plane
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! style="width:4em" |Mode
! style="width:4em" |Stock
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || 22.85 || 31.62 || 38.40 || 42.46 || 45.18
|-
| ''Realistic'' || 14.28 || 16.80 || 20.4 || 22.60 || 24.00
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| 8.7 || __.__ || __.__ || __.__
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 0° Angle of Attack'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| DM13|| APDS || 303 || 302 || 296 || 277 || 257 || 252
|-
| DM502 || HESH || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127
|-
| DM12 || HEATFS || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400
|-
| DM23 || APFSDS || 337 || 335 || 330 || 322 || 314 || 306
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| DM13|| APDS || 1,478 || 4.0 || N/A || N/A || N/A || +1.5° || 75° || 78° || 80°
|-
| DM502 || HESH || 732 || 14.85 || 0.4 || 0.1 || 2,990 || +0° || 73° || 77° || 80°
|-
| DM12 || HEATFS || 1,173 || 10.50 || 0.0 || 0.1 || 1,270 || +0° || 65° || 72° || 75°
|-
| DM23 || APFSDS || 1,455 || 3.79 || N/A || N/A || N/A || +1.5° || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

=====Shell types=====
'''DM13 ''APDS''''' (Armour-Piercing Discarding Sabot) is capable of penetrating the majority of the foes it meets, but these rounds do require finesse as to their placing. Because the shell lacks an explosive filler, your best bet is to try and either knock out the majority of the enemy tank's crew or to destroy the enemy by ammo or fuel detonation through hitting their respective storage capacities. Keep in mind though that ammo and fuel detonations always occur with a random chance, taking out crew members is more reliable to destroy your enemies. This, of course, requires knowledge about the vehicles you may face - so be sure to use the game's X-Ray view in the hangar and analyse your potential foes for their weak spots! Also, keep in mind that with increased armour thickness the amount of shrapnels shrinks.

'''DM12 ''HEAT-FS''''' (High-Explosive Anti Tank Fin Stabilised): Knowledge of potential opponents vehicle layouts, will be very handy to use - as you now have a round at your disposal that can penetrate any vehicle's armour frontally. Like the APDS shot, increased armour thickness results in reduced amount of spalling(shrapnel) after penetration. You are able to take out enemies on any distance, since the HEAT round is not losing penetration with distance traveled - very handy on big scaled maps like Kursk. Unlike APDS it has one downside: Given that it is a chemical energy round, its fuse is highly sensitive in regards to its practical application in battle. As a result, virtually anything, such as trees or even a fence, will set it off prematurely, so you cannot fire through obstructions with this kind of round. Lastly to add this round costs a lot of Silver Lions, keep that in mind.

'''DM502 ''HESH''''' (High-Explosive Squash-Head) works very differently than other shell types. It ignores any angle, except for ricochet and deals damage by metal-flakes which are blown off inside the armour by the exterior explosion. To create this deadly shrapnel inside the tank, make sure to only hit armour plates which are a direct part of the interior crew compartment of the tank. Hitting exterior parts of a tank like spaced armour, the suspension, tracks etc. will not harm crew members/modules at all. Currently, only true armour thickness (as opposed to the line of sight thickness) will provide sufficient means of protection, benefitting the USSR turret designs and in general German tanks. Like all high-explosive shells, the fuze is very sensitive and can be set-off by most objects e.g. fences, trees, pillars. The slow muzzle velocity of this shell can make it quite hard to hit targets on larger distances, but at the same time it can be handy because it's trajectory will be an arc, making it able to land hits on enemies hiding behind shallow hills.

'''DM 23 APFSDS ('''Armour piercing fin stabilized discarding sabot) is the best ammunnition choice you should take at your BR. It has great muzzle velocity and can penetrate every opponent frontally with ease (except maybe the T64B or the IS7 which can give your some problems, IS 7 can be easily dealt with with HEAT though)

===== [[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Full ammo
! class="wikitable unsortable" |1st rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |2nd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |3rd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |4th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |5th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" width="10%" |Recommendations
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Visual discrepancy
|-
|| '''60''' || 58 ''(+2)'' || 47 ''(+13)'' || 43 ''(+17)'' || 40 ''(+20)'' || 1 ''(+59)'' || no
|-
|}

Turret and 3rd rack empty: 43 (+17)

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|MG 3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | [[MG 3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm MG 3A1]]
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Coaxial mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 4,500 (1,000) || 1,200 || N/A || N/A
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Pintle mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 2,000 (1,000) || 1,200 || -__°/+__° || ±__°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The recommended usage is the Hit and Run tactic. Try to avoid the detection.

Scan and use the terrain to your advantage. Take into consideration the moderate vehicle height, which allows you to go turret down in certain locations, allowing you to safely use your commander's binoculars to locate targets! Then, after you have located the enemy, fire a few rounds in quick succession and relocate when spotted, especially when the enemy shots come dangerously close. The Leopard is quite fast, so taking hits from a distance while on the move is a risk that you may consider worth taking.

Always remember: The Leopard is not designed to take hits from large caliber guns, nor fight in stand-off situations against heavier enemy vehicles. Frontally, the angle of the hull can bounce shots once in awhile, but you're better off not to rely on this. The turret front is also the same, it's best to attempt to only fire when you can avoid receiving a shot or relocating to a position if possible. The main goal is to make the opponent incapable of returning fire. The majority of Russian tier V tanks ([[IS-3]], [[IS-4M]], [[T-10M]], [[T-54 (1951)|T-54s]], [[SU-122-54]], [[T-62]] or [[ZSU-57-2]]) gunners are disabled by penetrating the right side of the turret or hull, if they are faced towards you. If you have the possibility to hit a Russian tanks hull, which is again faced towards you, prioritize it because it is likely to take it out with one shot to the right side of the hull (3 out of 4 crew member are sitting in a row). American top tier tanks like the [[M103]], [[M47]] or [[M60]] are harder to take out. It is advised to take out the gunner first, which is located on the left side of the turret and then take out the rest of the remaining crew members. Hitting the ammo rack of your opponent is often the fastest way to take out an enemy vehicle, keep in mind though there is a small chance the ammo will not blow up (Best ammo types to ammo rack: HEAT-FS > APDS > HESH).

Sometimes moving is not an option, but remember, directly behind your hull front sits a large portion of your ammunition, at least if you're fully loaded. Always have that in mind when positioning yourself against the enemy - and don't forget that you don't have to stack all of your ammunition racks to their maximum capacity! Sometimes it can be wise to take less ammunition with you, as it will increase your survivability when taking hits - especially with the Leopard. The Leopards worst nemesis are the [[ZSU-57-2]] and the [[IT-1]]. The [[ZSU-57-2]] can be easily killed if hitting one of the many ammo racks in the big turret, which most often leads to an explosion of the whole tank. The [[IT-1]] on the other hand can be quite hard to deal with, since they are able to operate perfectly hull down only exposing the roof mounted ATGM. Hitting (only black damage status counts, red damage does not prevent from firing ATGM) the rocket mount/cannon barrel forces the [[IT-1]] to repair for a whole 27 seconds (maxed out + expert crew). To perform a full 360° turn use the neutral (N) or third (3) gear (~11 sec).

''In a nutshell:'' Use the superb mobility with the cannon's perfection to flank and spank enemies, wait and hunt for the perfect positions and kill the enemy tanks one by one, while always maintaining a good situational awareness. Patience is key to success. That is the Leopard 1, a perfect tactical MBT!

The thin armour on the Leopard 1 makes it extremely vulnerable to all enemies in its battle rating range. The biggest nemesis to the Leopard 1 is the ZSU-57-2, which combined high-penetrating shots and rapid fire for complete decimation of the Leopard 1's body. However, a shot anywhere on their turret will hull break them and annihilate the ZSU-57-2.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros'''

* Fast and agile
* Extremely destructive DM23 APFSDS shell
* Wide gun depression and elevation
* Better fire on the move accuracy due to the stabilizer
* Side skirts provide additional spaced armour

'''Cons'''

* Extra armour increases weight
* Insufficient armour (basically a glass cannon) for protection
* APFSDS is tier 4 modification
* Ammo rack in the front
* Small internal compartment (only 4 crew members)
* Stock APDS is rather lackluster

== History ==


===Development===
The project for the Leopard started as far back as 1956 as an attempt to replace the American [[M47]] and [[M48A1|M48 Patton]] tanks in service at the time as they were becoming outdated to newer anti-tank technology. Specifications for the new tank came in July 1957 asking for a design weighing no more than 30 tons, with a power-to-weight ratio of 30 horsepower per ton and could withstand 20 mm gunfire alongside protection against chemical weapons and radiation fallout, which was becoming extremely common protection system for the modern tank designs. The design stressed mobility as the main focus, while firepower comes next and armour was relegated to minimum priority. The lack of focus on armour was because of the belief that no matter how much armour a tank can have, it will eventually fall obsolete to the advent of newer anti-tank weapons such as the HEAT rounds, which was becoming stronger and stronger by the years.

In the initial stages of development, France, and West Germany, interested in this tank design, worked on it from 1957 to build a common tank and the project was designated the ''Europa-Panzer''. France had AMX, SLD Lorraine, and SOMUA with FCM Renault working on the project, while Germany had Porsche, Rheinmetall with Henschel, and Borgward working on the project. In 1958, Italy entered into the development as well, though it's not sure if they provided much to the program. By 1960, Porsche and Rheinmetall had prototypes submitted, as well as AMX from France, all the others failed to provide a prototype in time. In 1963, the Porsche prototype was selected as the winner in 1963, though even before this decision the vehicle already has priority in being built in greater number than the others. Though a tank is set, France and Germany split in the joint tank project in 1963 after France opted out of standardization with the NATO forces. This left Germany alone with their Leopard tank development, which they continued.

The Porsche Prototype II was well received, though changes were made to the design such as a new cast turret, hull design change, and relocating the radiators. The tank now mounted the 105mm L7 gun over the Rheinmetall design, as well as adding an optical range-finding system for increased gunnery. The design finished trials by the end of 1963 and production started in Munich in February 1964. The first batches began arriving to the Bundeswehr (German Army) in September of 1965 and were put into units by November of that same year. The tank was finally designated the '''Leopard 1''', with the prototype stage labeled as the ''[[Leopard I|Leopard 1A0]]''.

===Usage===
After the first delivery, many upgrades were made on the tank throughout its production and service life. The first few Leopards were designated ''Leopard 1A1'' and continued all the way to ''Leopard 1A6'' as it incorporates new technology such as sights, gun, radios, armour, or even small upgrades or redesigns on some parts. Some of these Leopards are even upgraded further in each variant form, for example, the '''Leopard 1A1A1''' which had it fitted with new turret armour and night sights. Other than the different variants, the Leopard 1 was also extensively modified or made into derivatives in roles such as anti-aircraft guns, armour recovery vehicles, bridge layers, and such.

The versatility of the Leopard 1 design and its rather cheap cost in comparison to other tanks at the time made it a useful tank and it was sought out by many different countries in and out of the NATO force group. These countries put them into service in the conflict, such as Denmark, which is believed to be the first country to use the Leopard 1 in hostile engagement, when going against Bosnian Serb forces. Canada also used the Leopard 1 extensively in the War in Afghanistan in 2006 as convoy protection units. Greece also had Leopard 1s and is the largest user of it, with over 500 units of ''Leopard 1A5s'' in service.

The Leopard 1 versatility and widespread use compared to other tanks in the NATO service made it a very useful weapon system for armies that couldn't afford the new American Pattons or Abrams tanks or the British Challengers and [[Chieftain Mk 3|Chieftains]]. The Leopard 1 in German service was eventually replaced by the Leopard 2 design, which entered into service in 1979 as the main battle tank with better armour and better gun compared to the Leopard 1, fully replacing it in 2003. Other countries followed suit by upgrading their tanks to either the Leopard 2, the American M1 Abrams, or their own domestic tank designs. The vehicle in its various modernized forms are still operated by third parties such as Canada, Brazil, Turkey, and Greece. Some are kept in reserve in Chile and Ecuador due to their light frames and ease of use in soft soils like in the jungles in their countries.

== Media ==

[[File:LeopardA1A1 BundeswehrNATOcamo.jpg|x250px|thumbnail|none| The Leopard A1A1 with NATO woodland camouflage and Bundeswehr emblem.]]

===Videos===
{{Youtube-gallery|be_H5-0xhiM|A Leopard A1A1 at Militracks on the move}}

== See also ==


* [[Leopard A1A1 (L/44)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/4233-development-leopard-a1a1-modernized-blitzkrieg-en/|[Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> Leopard A1A1 - Modernized Blitzkrieg]]
* [http://www.army-guide.com/eng/product152.html [Army-Guide.com<nowiki>]</nowiki> Leopard 1 overview page]

{{Germany medium tanks}}

Type 74 (G)

2019-07-13T20:24:47Z

U55894676: Created a page for Type 74 G from the beginning

{{Specs-Card
|code=jp_type_74_mod_g_kai
|store=6703
}}
{{About
| about = Japanese premium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the regular version
| link = Type 74
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a bundle rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.87 "Locked On"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
The armour on the Type 74 is nothing special. You should never rely on it saving you and it is better to not get hit in the first place.

Do note that it can save you for the first few seconds if an IFV is firing at you so you might be able to get a shot off on it.

The survivability is also nothing unusual.

While you will often be oneshotted, the primary use of APFSDS at 8.7 can sometimes save your tank as the shrapnel doesn't spread out that much.

The same can be said for most tanks at your BR though.

=== Mobility ===
Your mobility is pretty decent.

It is comparable to the OF 40 Mk 2 or Leopard A1A1 but is slightly slower and has a reverse of only 14kph instead of the 25 on the Leo and OF 40.

Be careful though, while you can outspeed Russian, British and most American medium tanks, don't expect to be faster than a BMP, TAM, Bradley or the faster premiums like OF 40 MTCA or AMX 30 Super.

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===
The gun is identical to the tech tree version of the Type 74, a L7A3 105mm cannon.

You get a stabilizer too, but the gun depression is relatively poor so you cannot fight from ridgelines as effectively and have to show much more of your tank to get a shot at your target.

Your reload is a bit slower than comparable guns like on the Leopard A1A1, OF 40 or AMX 30 Super, but to compensate for that you get the Type 93 shell.

This APFSDS shell is the strongest KE shell at 8.7, outperforming even the mighty L44 with its DM13 and can penetrate every enemy you can face with ease from the front..

=== Additional armament ===
''Some tanks are armed with several guns in one or more turrets. Evaluate the additional weaponry and advise on its use. Describe the ammunition available for additional weaponry. Advise about how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage. If there is no additional weaponry remove this subsection.''

=== Machine guns ===
''The tank has 2 machine guns.''

1 coaxial 7.62mm and a Browning M2HB .50 cal heavy machine gun.

The coax is pretty useless but the .50 will allow you to engage some helicopters and damage IFVs or SPAA.

It is also great to blind the enemy when firing at his gun sight.

== Usage in battles ==
Your playstyle is very similar to other western 8.7 MBTs.

You use your mobility, flank, shoot and scoot, and do not take shots.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

Decent mobility, enough to be competitive and reach most of your favourite positions

Very good APFSDS shell (Type 93)

Good lineup with Type 89, Type 87 and regular Type 74

Some armour to stop autocannons from IFVs.

*

'''Cons:'''

Slower than for example Leopard A1A1 or OF 40 and quite a bit slower than AMX 30 Super and OF 40 MTCA.

Worse turret rotation than other western MBTs but better than Russians

Mediocre reverse speed at only 14 kph compared to the mentioned competitors

Generally a little bit more sluggish in the steering than the other Nations MBTs

*

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ground vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== Encyclopedia Info ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Japan medium tanks}}
{{Japan premium ground vehicles}}

Leopard 2A5

2019-03-29T19:06:24Z

U55894676:

{{Specs-Card|code=germ_leopard_2a5}}
{{About
| about = medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = Leopard (Family)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a Rank {{Specs|rank}} German medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.87 "Locked On"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

The Leopard 2A5 has improved armour compared to its predecessor, the hull is much better protected and the already impenetrable turret cheeks have more protection on the side of the turret. Add-on armour boosts the ability to protect against HEAT-FS and early ADFSDS rounds. The gunners optic is also moved into the roof to eliminate the weak spot which was easily penetrated by any tank.

Be aware of Russian tanks though! Most of them will carry their HE rounds that can easily kill you anywhere they hit. A hit directly to the turret will most likely send fragments into your hull, penetrate and lets your fuel tank explode or at least set a fire and knock out the gun barrel.

=== Mobility ===

The only drawback compared to the previous model would be the Leopard 2A5's mobility since despite the 4 tons increase in weight, the engine remains the same, so the Leopard 2A5 is both slower and less manoeuvrable compared to the Leopard 2A4, but it can still keep up with the other nations MBTs

Keep in mind that the neutral steering is currently bugged and thus underperforming (way slower than on the Leopard 2A4).

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|Rheinmetall L44 (120 mm)}}

The Leopard 2A5 has access to the DM33 APFSDS shells which make it a deadlier foe as few tanks can stand against it with the exception of the Challenger 2 and T-80U.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Rheinmetall L44 (120 mm)|120 mm Rheinmetall L44]]
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
! rowspan="1" | Stabilizer
|-
| colspan="3" | 42 || -9°/+20° || ±180° || Two-plane
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! style="width:4em" |Mode
! style="width:4em" |Stock
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || 38.08 || 52.71 || 64.00 || __.__ || 75.29
|-
| ''Realistic'' || 23.8 || 28.0 || 34.0 || 37.6 || 40.0
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| 7.80 || __.__ || __.__ || __.__
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 0° Angle of Attack'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| DM23 || APFSDS || 410 || 408 || 401 || 393 || 384 || 376
|-
| DM12A1 || HEATFS || 650 || 650 || 650 || 650 || 650 || 650
|-
| DM33 || APFSDS || 481 || 478 || 470 || 461 || 450 || 440
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| DM23 || APFSDS || 1,640 || 4.3 || N/A || N/A || N/A || +1.5° || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
| DM12A1 || HEATFS || 1,140 || 13.5 || 0.0 || 0.1 || 1,640 || +0° || 65° || 72° || 75°
|-
| DM33 || APFSDS || 1,640 || 4.3 || N/A || N/A || N/A || +1.5° || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

===== [[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Full ammo
! class="wikitable unsortable" |1st rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |2nd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Visual discrepancy
|-
|| '''42''' || XX ''(+XX)'' || XX ''(+XX)'' || style="text-align:left" | No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|MG 3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | [[MG 3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm MG 3A1]]
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Coaxial mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 4,500 (1,000) || 1,200 || N/A || N/A
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Pintle mount (Loader)''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 2,000 (1,000) || 1,200 || -__°/+__° || -__°/+__°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The Leopard 2A5 is slower, but it has much better armor and access to the DM33 round. With these new changes, the playstyle changes a bit too:

* ''Hull down'': In the 2A4, the gunners optic was easily penetrated so the hull-down was still vulnerable. However, in the 2A5, this weak spot is eliminated and the armor of the turret is much better, so a hull-down position can now leave the Leopard 2A5 invulnerable.
* ''Sniping'': With the DM33 APFSDS round, the Leopard 2A5 can now make use of the great distance in combat to deal damage while tanking incoming shots.
* ''Flanking'': Due to the worse mobility compared to the 2A4, it is better to stick to more stationary tactics like ''hull down'' and ''sniping''. However, with a little bit caution, flanking can still be successful.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent 120 mm gun, DM33 APFSDS is capable of penetrating up to 481 mm maximum at point-blank range
* Impenetrable turret cheeks, the add-on wedge armour makes the turret immune from every shell in the game (average of 850 mm against long rod APFSDS and 1,450 mm against HEAT)
* Extremely good armour on the UFP (430mm against long rod APFSDS), immune to every shell in the game except DM33, M829, L26, OFL 120 G1 and 3BM42
* Great gun handling: 40°/s turret rotation speed (with Ace crew) and -9°/+20° of vertical guidance
* Side turret covered by add-on armour can bounce early APFSDS shells
* Gunner optics are now mounted on top of the turret, removing the annoying weak spot present on the Leopard 2A4

'''Cons:'''

* Lower glacis can still be penetrated by most shells
* Huge hull ammo-rack if more than 16 shells are carried
* Hull ammo-rack consequently makes the tank extremely vulnerable to HE shells
* A penetrating shot on the left side of the hull will most likely knock out the driver, gunner and commander, thus destroying the tank
* DM33 is very expensive (900 SL)
* DM12A1 HEAT-FS, though very useful against light vehicles, costs 410 SL
* 8x/12x sight can be tricky to use in close quarters engagements
* The wedges can be shot off with several hits, though the turret cheeks alone provides 650 mm against KE
* Tank's weight is 4 tons increased while the engine is still the same, making the Leopard 2A5 slower compared to the l2A4
* Despite all the added armor, the turret ring and driver's hatch are both easily penetrated, and the enemy will most likely aim at these two spots to disable or destroy the tank.
* Known bug in the transmission of the tank, issues with neutral steering even when spaded
* Easy frag for the currently broken Russian 125mm HE shells, you can only hope for Gaijin to fix that very soon

== History ==

In 1988, German engineers began work on modernizing the Leopard 2 main battle tank. Improvements were made to the tank’s defensive capabilities, primarily the turret armour. Moreover, the 2A5 model was fitted with an electric stabiliser instead of the electro-hydraulic variant that the previous versions used.

The gunner received improved and less vulnerable optics, and the tank commander – a panoramic periscope with thermal imaging. The build of the driver’s hatch was also modified, along with several other minor improvements made to the general design.

Leading to the 2A5 modernization program being officially approved by the military officials of Germany, Sweden and the Netherlands. It is interesting to note that the models exported to the last two countries on the list were actually different from the ones issued to the German army – for instance, the Bundeswehr tanks received no extra frontal hull armour. Production of Leopard 2A5 tanks began in 1995. Overall, 350 earlier-version Leopards were upgraded as a result of the program.

''- From [https://warthunder.com/en/news/6098-development-leopard-2a5-this-time-we-are-dead-serious-en Devblog]''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


* [[Leopard 2A4]]

== External links ==


* [https://warthunder.com/en/news/6098-development-leopard-2a5-this-time-we-are-dead-serious-en [Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> Leopard 2A5: This Time We Are Dead Serious]

{{Germany medium tanks}}

Tiger II (10.5 cm Kw.K)

2019-02-25T20:13:44Z

U55894676: Armor description, removed outdated points on the pros and cons

{{Relevance|br}}
{{Specs-Card|code=germ_pzkpfw_VI_ausf_b_tiger_IIh_kwk46}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (or just '''{{Specs|pseudonym}}''') is a Rank {{Specs|rank}} German heavy tank {{Battle-rating|5}}. It was introduced in during the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before Update 1.41. Increasing Tiger II's main cannon to a whopping [[KwK L/68 (105 mm)|10.5 cm cannon]], the Tiger II boasts a much more powerful armament than any of the preceding Tiger II tanks.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

* The armour on this variant is the same as on the regular Tiger II (H). The upper front plate provides excellent protection against any regular AP (APCBC, APHE etc.) shell you might face. The turret however is only 185mm and easily penetrated by most enemys, but you can make it very difficult to hit by "wiggling" the turret left and right which will often result in bounces or non-pens. The lower glacis is a weakspot but the transmission right behind it often takes most of the shrapnel, it can catch fire pretty easily though, meaning researching FPE should be done as soon as possible.

'''Armour type:'''

*Rolled homogeneous armour
*Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet, Cupola, driver MG port)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides (Slope angle) !! Rear (Slope angle) !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 150 mm (50-51°) ''Front glacis'' 100 mm (50°) ''Lower glacis''|| 80 mm (27°) ''Top'' 80 + 5 mm ''Bottom''|| 80 mm (28°) || 40 mm
|-
| Turret || 185 mm (8°) ''Turret front'' 200 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 80 mm (19-21°) || 80 mm (20°) || 40 mm
|-
! Armour !! Sides !! Roof
|-
| Cupola || 150 mm || 150 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick while tracks are 30 mm thick.
* Some part of the turret side have track links on them, which gives an additional 30 mm of protection to the armor.
* The weak spot is the front of the turret (185 mm), but it is small and very difficult to hit at mid-long ranges, where it is also harder to penetrate.
* Machine gun port could be marked as close-range weak spot. Although most of it is still 150 mm thick, the angling is much worse.

=== Mobility ===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Mobility characteristic
|-
! Weight (tons)
! colspan="1" | Add-on Armor weight (tons)
! colspan="1" | Max speed (km/h)
|-
| rowspan="2" | 70.5 || colspan="1" rowspan="2" | N/A || colspan="1" | 44 (AB)
|-
|42 (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine power (horsepower)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|1,162
|1,431
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|796
|900
|-
! colspan="3" | Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|16.48
|20.29
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|11.29
|12.77
|-
|}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|KwK 43 (88 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[KwK 43 (88 mm)|88 mm KwK 43]]
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
! rowspan="1" | Stabilizer
|-
| colspan="3" | 54 || -8°/+15° || ±180° || N/A
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! style="width:4em" |Mode
! style="width:4em" |Stock
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || 14.97 || 20.72 || __.__ || __.__ || 29.60
|-
| ''Realistic'' || 11.01 || 12.95 || __.__ || __.__ || 18.50
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| 20.02 || __.__ || __.__ || 15.40
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 90°'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| PzGr.Rot || APCBC || 249 || 247 || 234 || 218 || 204 || 191
|-
| PzGr 40 || APCR || 276 || 272 || 247 || 220 || 207 || 170
|-
| Sprgr || HE || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| PzGr.Rot || APCBC || 1,005 || 16 || 0.8 || 28 || 343.2 || +4° || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| PzGr 40 || APCR || 1,150 || 10 || N/A || N/A || N/A || +1.5° || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| Sprgr || HE || 900 || 15 || 0.4 || 0.5 || 1,550 || +0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

===== [[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] =====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumbnail|[[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] of the Tiger 105.]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Full ammo
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Ammo Part
! class="wikitable unsortable" |1st rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |2nd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |3rd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |4th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |5th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Visual discrepancy
|-
|| '''54''' || style="text-align:right" | ''Projectiles'' ''Propellants'' || 43 ''(+11)'' 45 ''(+9)'' || 27 ''(+27)'' 37 ''(+17)'' || 15 ''(+39)'' 19 ''(+35)'' || 1 ''(+53)'' 9 ''(+44)'' ||   1 ''(+53)'' || style="text-align:left" | no
|-
|}
Right side empty: 27 ''(+27)''

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|MG 34 (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | [[MG 34 (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm MG 34]]
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Coaxial mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 5,850 (150) || 900 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

This tank's best and almost only possible role so far is a sniper/support tank. Stay at distance, or your reload time and mobility will be the death of you.

Use your mobility to reach sniping zones and wait for enemy tanks to show up. Keep your distance to maximize the effectiveness of your armor and use cover to reload without having to worry about being destroyed. Avoid close combat as much as possible since most of the other tanks at your battle rate can penetrate your armor very easily and your reload rate is 20 secs so if your shot doesn't penetrate you will be easily killed.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

*Like with most German guns, the main gun is very accurate.
*With the high muzzle velocity, high armor penetration value, and high damage of the PzGr 39 shell, there's really no need to every load any other shell.
*With the explosive mass of the PzGr 39 shell being equivalent to 343 grams of TNT, penetrating shells are devastating. They deal arguably more damage than any of the Russian 122mm shells do. Expect a lot of one shots.
*With the upgraded engine, transmission, and filters, the 10.5 Tiger II has nearly 300 (AB/ 200 in RB) more horsepower than a fully upgraded Tiger II H. This will make the 10.5 accelerate quicker and climb hills faster than any of the other Tiger II's. Including the Tiger II Sla 16.
*With the upgraded turret, the 10.5's turret traverse will be 20.5 degrees per second. This will help you defend against enemy medium or light tanks trying to execute a flanking maneuver.
*Upper front plate still borderlines on impenetrable. You'll only have to really worry about APDS and HEAT going through it.

'''Cons:'''

*With the same lightly armored turret as the Tiger II H, expect nearly every enemy tank facing you to aim right for it.
*Even with an ACE crew, the main guns takes more than 15 seconds to reload. So close range brawls are not advised.
*Despite being quick and maneuverable for a heavy tank, it's still not a medium tank. So don't expect to out maneuver any medium you're likely to face.
*Gun is easily disabled, rendering the tank helpless.

== History ==

===Tiger II===
The ''[[Tiger II (H)|Tiger II]]'' with its 8.8 cm KwK 43 cannon was one of the most formidable tank in World War II. Its 150 mm thick front armor plate sloped was never penetrated by an Allied tank throughout the war and its cannon could destroy any Allied tank fielded in the war. However, some German higher-ups believe that the armament on the Tiger II was just not enough, something more was needed.

===Concept===
Ideas of rearming the Tiger II was brought up by Krupp in sometime in late 1944. The concept drawing Krupp made was for the Tiger II to be rearmed with a 10.5 cm KwK L/68 cannon. This design would require new mountings and new mechanical parts to be optimized for the larger 10.5 cm gun. While the idea was indeed a very interesting one to up gun the Tiger II, it was never implemented because of its draw backs. The 10.5 gun uses a two-piece ammunition, which requires the presence of another loader. This is impossible because the turret is already cramped as is with three people inside, and the addition of another will make the interior a very miserable place to be in. Plus, the fact the gun's ammunition is two-piece already means that the drawback behind this upgrade is a much slower fire rate. This causes the concept to be rejected by German high command, and if it wasn't, it certainly ended with Germany's surrender in May 1945.

No prototypes were made and its existence is only proven by a concept drawing.

== Media ==

===Live.Warthunder===

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?q=#tigerii_kwk105 Camouflages and skins for the "Tiger II KwK 105" can be found on live.warthunder.com]
* [https://live.warthunder.com/post/675135/en/ RideR2's Realistic gunsight (TZF4a, TZF 5a/b/d/e/f/f2, TZF 9b/b1/c/d, TZF 12/a) for Pzkpfw II, Pzkpfw III, Pzkpfw IV, Pzkpfw V, Pzkpfw VI]

===Images===
[[File:Tiger II 105 Concept.jpg|x300px|thumb|none|The Tiger II 10.5 cm Concept art from Krupp.]]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on tank;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Germany heavy tanks}}