War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

Update "Firebirds"

2024-11-20T20:32:25Z

U52930991: correct OH-58D link

[[File:Wallpaper UpdateFirebirds.jpg|x300px|border|right]]

[[wt:en/news/9212-meet-the-firebirds-major-update-en|Update "Firebirds"]] ([[wt:en/game/changelog/current/1679|changelog]]) was introduced on 19 November 2024. This update is notable for the introduction of the first stealth aircraft (the F-117).

= New vehicles =
== Aircraft ==

=== USA ===

* [[F-117|F-117A OCIP II]] (Squadron Vehicle)
* [[F-15E]]

=== Germany ===

* [[Su-22M4 WTD61 (Germany)|Su-22M4 WTD61]] (Premium)
* [[Ju 87 (Family)|Ju 87]] (all variants) — cockpit model has been updated.

=== USSR ===

* [[Su-34]]
* [[BB-1]] — cockpit model has been updated.
* [[Su-2 (Family)|Su-2]] (all variants) — cockpit model has been updated.

=== Great Britain ===

* [[Tornado GR.4]]

=== Japan ===

* [[AV-8S (Japan)|AV-8S]] (Premium)

=== China ===

* [[Mirage 2000-5Ei (China)|Mirage 2000-5Ei]]

=== France ===

* [[Mirage 2000D-RMV]]

=== Sweden ===

* [[JA37DI]]
* [[JA37DI F21]] (Pack)

=== Israel ===

* [[F-15I Ra’am|F-15I Ra'am]]

== Ground vehicles ==

=== USA ===

* [[T77E1]]
* [[Skink (USA)|Skink]]

=== Germany ===

* [[Luchs A2]]
* [[Osa-AK (Germany)|Osa-AK]]

=== USSR ===

* [[Object 140]] (Pack)
* [[Osa-AKM]]

=== Great Britain ===

* [[Scimitar]]
* [[Ram II]] (Premium)
* [[Osa-AK (Great Britain)|Osa-AK]]

=== Japan ===

* [[ICV (P)]]

=== China ===

* [[PLZ05]]

=== Italy ===

* [[Osa-AKM (Italy)|Osa-AKM]]

=== France ===

* [[Leopard 2A4NL]]
* [[Leopard 2A5NL]]
* [[Leopard 2A6NL]]

=== Sweden ===

* [[BMP-2MD]] (Squadron vehicle)

=== Israel ===

* [[Sabra Mk.I|Sabra Mk.1]]

== Helicopters ==

=== USA ===

* [[OH-58D]] — detailed cockpit has been added

=== USSR ===

* [[Mi-8AMTSh-VN|Mi-8 AMTSh-VN]]

=== Great Britain ===

* [[Superhind|Super Hind]] (Squadron Vehicle)

=== China ===

* [[Mi-35M (China)|Mi-35M]] (Pack)
* [[OH-58D (China)]] — detailed cockpit has been added.

=== Italy ===

* [[A.109EOA-2|A-109EOA-2]] — detailed cockpit has been added

== Naval fleet ==

=== USA ===

* [[USS Bagley]]

=== USSR ===

* [[Pr.253L]]

=== Great Britain ===

* [[HMS Repulse]]

=== Japan ===

* [[JDS Murasame (DD-107)|JDS Murasame]]

=== Italy ===

* [[MS 444]] (Premium)
* [[RN Francesco Caracciolo]]

=== France ===

Closed beta testing of the Coastal French fleet has finished. Researching these boats is now available to all players.

* [[Dunkerque]]

= New locations and missions =

* Aircraft test flight logic and locations have been updated. Now there are multiple locations as well as air spawn points available. Rank of targets presented in the test flight can now also be changed. Respawn logic, similar to the one present in tank test drive has been added for targets. Airfield models have been replaced with the new ones in all test drive locations.

= Location and mission updates =

* '''Abandoned Factory''' — the location has been visually reworked with new assets, redrawn ground textures and new effects.
* '''Flanders''' — adjusted the rock cover in square E7 where players could safely fire at the northern team's spawn and its passages.
* '''Abandoned Town''' — in square C2, the mountainside where players could get stuck has been removed.
* '''Sun City (all missions)''' — play area in the location has been increased. Detection area at spawn points has been increased.
* '''Finland''' — positions on rocks near the northern spawn in the adjacent area of squares B4 and B5 have been blocked.
* '''Second Battle of El Alamein [Domination #1]''' — positions allowing fire on the northern team spawn on the hills in squares C5 and B5 have been blocked off.
* '''Aral Sea''' — density of bushes on lines 1 and 2 have been reduced. A bug where bushes did not disappear when destroyed has been fixed.
* Wagons on maps are no longer static. They can be moved by a ground vehicle and from explosions.
* '''South Africa''' — the collision models of large islands, blurred shore textures and flying trees have been fixed.
* '''[Conquest #3] Karelia''' — the detection zone in the bottom spawn point has been fixed.
* '''Eastern Europe, European Province''' — incorrect destruction of fences near bridges has been fixed.
* '''Vietnam (the ground forces map)''' — the incorrect rendering range of trees in the aircraft part of the map have been fixed.
* '''Maginot Line (winter)''' — trees that had incorrect settings and ones where their visual model did not match their collision model have been removed. Additionally, the tree destruction model that led to an incorrect behavior when receiving damage has been fixed.
* '''All locations''' — oak trees that had trunks that behaved unnaturally when receiving damage have been removed.

= Ground Vehicle model, damage model, characteristic and weaponry changes =

* The uniforms for crews of US Cold War vehicles have been updated. Vehicles with updated crew models are: '''M19, M42, M56, M163, Chaparral.'''
* '''M1128 (all variants)''' — an automatic loading module has been added.
* New modules (electrical equipment, driver modules etc) have been added for the following vehicles: '''PGZ09, PGZ04A, Chieftain Marksman, ItPsV Leopard, HSTV-L, Begleitpanzer 57, LAV-AD, Stormer HVM, BMP-2, BMP-2M'''.
* '''Imp.Chaparral (all variants), Type 81 (C), Strela-10M2''' — a bug with the incorrect ammunition consumption order has been fixed.
* Now, all vehicles that have light amplification night vision devices (NVD don't need to research the modification to use them. The modification has been removed, Silver Lions and Golden Eagles spent on its research have been refunded. The use of thermal imaging devices (TVD) still requires a modification to be researched.
* The ability to roll down a hill in a ground vehicle with a destroyed engine has been added.
* '''TOW family ATGMs, 9M114/120, ZT3''' — the flight model and autopilot have been updated, the probability of self-oscillation occurring after fast movement of line-of-sight has lowered.
* A bug that caused ATGMs launched from AI units to significantly drop in height has been fixed. This bug was noticeable in test drive when a vehicle with active protection system was being shot at by AI.
* '''AML-90 (all variants)''' — the gunner's sight zoom has been changed from 5.5x to 6x. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/63ZWnD3bJJUc '''Report''']).
* '''Challenger Mk.3, Challenger DS''' — the armor parameters of the charge bins have been changed from 5 to 10 mm. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/scFlBnUnYw7i '''Report''']). '''Sources''': Challenger 1 Main Battle Tank Owners' Workshop Manual by Haynes/Tank Museum page 93; Challenger Squadron by Simon Dunstan page 37.
* '''Freccia''' — third generation thermal imager has been added. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/0oa4ZtWhishz '''Report''']).
* '''AMX-30 Super''' — the MOLF 30 gunner's sight zoom has been change from 8x - 12x to 4x - 12x. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/PVPva8AlREge '''Report''']). '''Sources''': MOLF, Modular Laser Fire Control System; International Defense Review, No. 5/1987, Vol.20, page 634; Никольский М. «Леклерк» и другие французские основные боевые танки, 2007, page 13.
* '''FV4005''' — the gunner's sight has been changed to the TZF-12A, meaning the sight zoom has been changed from 4.9x-6.0x to 2.5x-5x.
* '''Type 62 (all variants)''' — a bug with the incorrect ammunition consumption has been fixed. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/IwHqPUJmEjgR '''Report''']).
* '''Freccia''' — the maximum speed has been increased from 108 km/h to 110 km/h.
* '''Freccia''' — name and engine type have been added (IVECO 8262 6V).
* '''Freccia''' — machine gun ammo belt size has been changed from 200 to 600 rounds.
* '''Freccia''' — the smoke grenade caliber has been changed from 76 to 80 mm.
* '''MBT-70''' — the gun name has been changed from 152 mm XM150E6 cannon to 152 mm XM150E5 cannon. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/7SKOTIt9ESf1 '''Report''']).
* '''XM803''' — the gun name has been changed from 152 mm XM150E5 cannon to 152 mm XM150E6 cannon. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/USFrzGsR9xwx '''Report''']).
* '''Sholef V1''' — the value of the engine deck roof armor has been changed from 30 to 20 mm.
* '''M46, M46 "Tiger"''' — the armor of the hull roof has been corrected from 22.2 mm to 25.4 mm. The floor of the tank has been split into 2 parts. Thickness of the front one is still 25.4 mm, the thickness of the rear one is now set to 12.7 mm. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/pih6xvhocmYj '''Report''']).
* '''CV9030FIN''' — the thicknesses and types of armor for a number of gun mantlet elements have been corrected.
* '''M41A1, leKPz M41, M41A1 (Japan), M41A3 (China), M41D''' — a bug that caused sparks under the tracks even though they are rubber pads has been fixed.
* '''Al-Khalid-I''' — the gunner and commander's sight zoom have been changed to 6x-10x. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/5RKtVpKXpL7t '''Report''']). Source: Heavy Industries Taxila, Al-Khalid 1 Brochure.
* '''Tiran 6''' — gun depression angles at certain areas have been corrected. Previously the gun could have passed through some other elements of the vehicle.
* '''Centauro I 120, Centauro I 105''' — the smoke grenade caliber has been changed from 76 to 80 mm.
* '''SANTAL''' — the elevation angle has been changed from 60 to 65°. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/3PmoOL4m8mUk '''Report''']).
* '''Strv 104, Strv 105''' — a bug that caused the commander fire control ("AIM MODE") in the commander sight to not work has been fixed. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/pjquwft7hqlK '''Report''']).
* '''Ystervark''' — driver camera position has been fixed. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/q7xykX7Rlagv '''Report''']).
* '''Vextra 105''' — the location of the first-stage shells has been corrected. Previously, all 12 shells were on the turret floor, now 4 are on the turret floor, the rest are in the rear of the turret.
* '''ZTZ96, ZTZ96A, ZTZ96A (P)''' — the horizontal drive model which previously was too small in diameter has been corrected. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/WAhAEsLz9TMW '''Report''']).
* '''ZTZ96''' — armor at the rear of the turret, which didn't match the visual model of the vehicle, which caused the horizontal drive to stick from it has been corrected.
* '''Freccia''' — missile ammunition amount has been increased from 8 to 10. '''Sources''': VBM Freccia IFV Datasheet and Specifics; Website of the manufacturer: CIO. Centauro AIFV Freccia.
* '''WZ305''' — armor thicknesses of several vehicle elements have been changed. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/XuZEO2HqQtYs '''Report''']).
* '''FV4005''' — vehicle mass has been reduced from 59.5 to 50.0 tons. '''Sources''': Centurion 5 by Captain Michael Norman; FV4005 History by Tank Museum employee Ian Hudson; The Dark age of tanks by David Lister.
* '''ARL-44 (ACL-1), ARL-44''' — now have the ability to turn on the spot. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/jAAI0vUO98kF '''Report''']).
* '''OF-40 Mk.2A, OF-40 (MTCA)''' — sight magnification has been changed from 7-14x to 8-16x. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/grq6PRQLq9yV '''Report''']). '''Source''': Carro Armato OF 40 MK2A Manuale Dell'operatore. Volume 1 Descrizione Generale, 1983.
* '''JPz 4-5''' — armor thickness parameters in the vehicle stat card have been corrected.
* '''AMX-40''' — the caliber of the smoke grenades has been changed from 76 mm to 80 mm. '''Sources''': AMX-40 Brochure, 1985; Lacroix GALIX Datasheet.
* '''M60A1 (AOS), M60A1 RISE (P), M60A1 "D.C.Ariete"''' — reverse speed has been increased from 8.3 km/h to 11.3 km/h. '''Source''': TM 9-2350-257-10-1 Operator's Manual Operator Controls and PMCS-Tank, Combat, Full Tracked-105-MM Gun, M60A1 - July 1980.
* '''AMX-10M''' — sight zoom has been changed from 6x to 10x. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/7HKMBwIFd5vP '''Report''']).
* '''Leclerc, Leclerc S2, Leclerc SXXI, Leclerc AZUR''' — the caliber of the smoke grenades has been changed from 76 mm to 80 mm. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/bA8qt79VDQ9W '''Report''']). '''Additional source''': Leclerc Brochure, 1992.
* '''ST-A1, ST-A2''' — maximum engine power has been increased from 500 HP to 550 HP. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/nVxF5YVUQ6Hf '''Report''']).
* '''Gepard 1A2''' — vehicle mass has been increased from 46 tons to 47.5 tons. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/4l3U0C0wnjx1 '''Report''']).
* '''KV-1 m1942 (Sweden)''' — maximum engine RPM has been increased 1900 RPM to 2000 RPM. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/MtgK91WfTtaK '''Report''']).
* '''Boxer MGS, Vilkas''' — transmission gear ratios have been changed. '''Source''': GTK (Gepanzertes Transport-Kraftfahrzeug) Boxer by Bundeswehr; Allison Transmission 4700/4800 Series Brochure; MTU-Allison Transmission Brochure.
* '''Vilkas''' — vehicle mass has been increased from 33 tons to 36.5 tons. '''Source:''' Lietuvos Respublikos krašto apsaugos ministerija. Pėstininkų kovos mašinų „Vilkas" progresas: įdiegti paskutiniai atnaujinimai.
* '''Type 87''' — a bug that caused the elevation angle of one of the guns to be 80 degrees instead of 85 degrees has been fixed. '''Source''': 制式要綱 87式自走高射機関砲 D8008.
* '''CV 9035NL, Vextra 105''' — a bug that caused the scout UAV to lack thermals has been fixed. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/FaxsRXg9Ox1f '''Report''']).
* '''CV 9035NL, Strv 122B, Strv 122B PLSS, Strv 122B+, CV 9035DK, Lvkv 9040C, Strf 9040B, Strf 9040C, CV 90105, CV 90120''' — the caliber of the smoke grenades has been changed from 76 to 80 mm. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/bA8qt79VDQ9W '''Report''']). '''Additional source''': web page about Soft-Kill Self Protection on LACROIX Defense (manufacturer) website.
* '''2S25M''' — gun depression angles have been changed from -5/+15 degrees all around to -5/+15 degrees when facing forwards and -3/+17 degrees when facing backwards. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/tjUt9KTBwPXV '''Report''']). '''Sources''': RosOboronExport SPTP Light Amphibious Tank Sprut-SDM1 Brochure; Курганмашзавод Лёгкий плавающий танк "СПТП Спрут-СДМ1".
* '''SU-100, SU-100 (China)''' — maximum engine power has been increased from 500 HP to 520 HP. '''Sources''': Самоходные установки. Альбом Научно-Испытательного Бронетанкового Полигона ГБТУ Красной Армии. 1945.
* '''Leopard 2AV, Leopard 2A4 (all variants), Leopard 2 (PzBtl 123), Leopard 2A4M, Leopard 2 PL, Leopard 2 PSO, Leopard 2A6 (all variants), Leopard 2A7V, Leopard 2A7HU, Strv 121, Christian II, Strv 122B, Strv 122B+, Strv 122B PLSS''' — zones in the rear hemisphere in which the gun depression limit of +3 degrees is applied have been changed from +-40 degrees to +-75 degrees.
* '''M43 105/75, M43 "G.C.Leoncello", 75/34 M43, 75/46 M43''' — armor thickness of the lower front plate has been decreased from 40 mm to 25 mm. '''Sources''': Prot.118692, Ministero della Guerra, Gabinetto, 2 aprile 1943; Gli autoveicoli da combattimento dell'esercito italiano, volume secondo 1940-1945. Pignato, Cappellano; Kennenblatter fremden gerats D50/12, November 1943; Italian armour in German service. D. Gugliemi; Carro M, volume primo. A. Tallillo, D. Guglielmi; Original M43 105/25 test report 27/2/1943, published by Pafi and Falessi in Veicoli da combattimento dell'esercito Italiano, 1939-1945.
* '''120S''' — sight zoom values have been changed from 3-10x to 3-13x. '''Sources''': Armor Magazine, 1978, May-June; General Dynamics to Unveil 120S Main Battle Tank at IDEF 2001 from GDLS website.
* '''Type 90, Type 90 (B), Type 90 (B) "Fuji"''' — the amount of 12.7 mm machine gun ammunition has been reduced from 1000 to 600 rounds. '''Source:''' ９０式戦車(Ｂ)Ｄ９００３Ｂ.
* '''Char 25t, AMX-50 (TO90/930)''' — a bug where it was possible to fire from the main gun in the commander's sight without turning on the backup fire mode has been fixed. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/NUOVbFlNGy9L '''Report''']).
* '''AMX-10P''' — the amount of machine gun ammunition has been reduced from 4600 to 2000 rounds. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/yZVbSVXBeM5c '''Report''']). '''Sources:''' AMX 10 (Saint-Cloud: GIAT, n.d.), 4»; «GIAT, n.d. AMX 10P. s.l.: s.n.
* '''XM800T''' — the AA machine gun elevation angles have been adjusted so that the machine gun does not intersect with the parts around the hatch. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/6cD5Vi0A8wBO '''Report''']).
* '''Sho't Kal Gimel, Sho't Kal Dalet (all variants)''' — vertical guidance speed has been increased from 4°/s to 6°/s. '''Source:''' אמצעים שפותחו במסגרת חיל החימוש והותרו לחשיפה ביום החיל חיל חמוש 1979 פברואר
* '''Skink''' — the vertical and horizontal aiming speed of the guns has been changed from 20°/s and 63°/s to 45°/s and 60°/s respectively. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/s1xcZCbOG9Cm '''Report''']). '''Sources:''' Design record canadian-developed military vehicles World War II. Volume III. Tanks and tank type vehicle»; «Report on firing trials – medium tank A/A – "Skink"
* '''CV 9035DK, CV 9030FIN''' — vehicle names have been changed from CV9035DK to CV 9035DK and CV9030FIN to CV 9030FIN.
* '''Ho-Ro''' — the explosive mass in the Type 95 APHE shell has been reduced from 2.6 to 2.3 kg. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/7A4xLUtWMkr6 '''Report''']).
* '''Sd.Kfz.234/4''' — a bug with crew swapping that resulted in the vehicle being left without a driver has been fixed.
* '''KPz-70''' — a bug with the incorrect operation of the machine gun ammunition level indicator has been fixed. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/Qnjgil5HGyhg '''Report''']).
* '''M4A5 Ram II, Ram II''' — the material of the upper glacis plate armor has been changed from rolled homogeneous armor to cast homogeneous armor.
* '''ZSD63/PG87, PGZ04A, AMX-10P, Bosvark, M15 CGMC, So-Ki, Ta-Se, TCM-20''' — gun breech armor thickness value has been corrected from 10 to 150 mm.
* '''Begleitpanzer 57''' — the material of the gun breech casing has been changed from structural steel to cast homogeneous armor.
* '''Magach 7C''' — the displayed thicknesses of the turret composite armor elements have been corrected. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/0lYNKCymxdMw '''Report''']).
* '''Leclerc, Leclerc S2, Leclerc SXXI, Leclerc AZUR''' — the name of the machine gun has been changed from "MIT 12.7 CRC F1" to "12.7 mm CRC F1 machine gun". ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/JjCveS83ti7D '''Report''']).
* '''ZT3A2''' — a bug that caused a recoil effect when firing from the launchers has been fixed. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/7nrm7Ghd86J2 '''Report''']).
* '''Fox, Sd.Kfz.221 (s.Pz.B.41), CV 9030FIN, Phòng không T-34, Phòng không T-34 (USSR), LVT-4/40, Pvkv III, Turan II, Turan III, Zrinyi II, M43 105/ 75, M43 "G.C.Leoncello", Somua SM, AMX-50 (TOA100), Lorraine 40t, Object 775, Object 435, Flakpanzer 341, A.C.I, T-26E (Швеция), Strv m/38, Strv m/39 TD, Strv m/41 S-II''' — the thickness of the gun barrels have been adjusted to standard values for the gun calibers of these vehicles.
* '''T1E1 (90)''' — hull and turret armor has been redesigned for volumetric armor, some thickness values have been changed.
* '''Leopard 2A6 (Sweden)''' — visual model of the vehicle has been corrected. ([https://old-forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/567459-leopard-2a6-sweden-incorrect-visual-model/ '''Rеport''']).
* '''KV-7 (U-13)''' — the thickness of the side and stern parts of the superstructure have been increased from 60 to 75 mm. The thickness of the superstructure add-on armor at the front has been increased from 25 to 30 mm. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/YETe9kKM1R0F '''Report''']).
* '''Ho-Ni I''' — maximum gun depression angle has been increased from -10 degrees to -15 degrees, horizontal gun guidance angles have been increased from -10/+10 degrees to -11/+11 degrees. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/DqvyFvLySHdH '''Report''']).
* '''Type 94''' — vehicle mass has been reduced from 5300 kg to 3930 kg. '''Sources''': "Doolittle Raid Damage Information, Ground Forces and Air Forces Discussion Items" Issued by the Defense Division of the Army Ministry's Military Affairs Bureau and the Ordnance Administration Headquarters. April 1942; 陸軍技術本部, 昭和十二年四月「九四式六輪自動貨車仮制式制定ノ件 / Army Technology Headquarters (April 1937) "Temporary adopt formula of Type 94, 6-wheeled truck" p. 5 - 15.
* '''Gepard, Gepard 1A2''' — maximum gun depression angle has been decreased from -10 to -5 degrees. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/Rhsd7aNxLqe8 '''Report''']). '''Sources''': GEPARD: The Gepard Self-Propelled Antiaircraft Gun in German Service; Leopard Family: An Example of Good Family Planning; Kampfpanzer Leopard by Raimund Knecht.
* '''ADATS, ADATS (M113)''' — sight magnification has been adjusted from x6-12 to x3-18. '''Source:''' AH-64 Flight and Weapons Simulator Concept Formulation Study Volume 1.
* '''120mm M339''' — explosive weight has been reduced from 3 to 2.3 kg. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/55erSeTu4afI '''Report''']).

= Aircraft and helicopter model, damage model, characteristic and weaponry changes =

=== Weaponry ===

* The aiming algorithm for ARH anti-ship missiles has been improved. Now the aiming of the seeker is performed at one of the randomly selected ship modules, and not at the center of the bounding box of the model, so the aiming point is always within the silhouette of the above-water part of the ship.
* Helicopter thermal signatures have been updated so that the peak power output from helicopter engines now matches the direction of the engine nozzle.
* The characteristics of helicopter thermal imaging sights have been updated. The characteristics of these thermal imagers have been brought to the level of ground vehicle thermal imagers, except for the 1st generation, which in terms of characteristics has been left equal to the 2nd generation.
** 1st generation: A-129 International (p), Tzefa D / E, AH-1F, AH-1S, AH-1S Kisarazu, AH-1W, AH-64A (GR), AH-64A Peten, AH-64A, Saraph, AH-64D, AH Mk.1, AHS, HKP9A (FC), Lynx AH.Mk.1, G-LYNX, SA.342M Gazelle, YAH-64
** 2nd generation: A129CBT, Rooivalk Mk1F CSH, AH-64DJP, G-LYNX, Ka-52, Mi-8AMTSh-VN, Mi-28N, Mi-35M, Superhind, T129, EC-665 Tiger HAD, EC-665 Tiger HAP, EC-665 Tiger UHT, Z-9WA, Z-10, Z-11WA, Z-19, Z-19E, AH-129D, AH-1Z, AH-6M, AH-60, MH-60L, Mi-28NM, OH-58D, Tiger HAD Block 2.
* '''GBU-31 JDAM''' — onboard equipment operating time has been increased from 150 to 200 seconds. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/eiJ7Wg5ff5uq '''Report''']).
* '''GB250''' — a bug with missing GNSS guidance has been fixed. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/zurFlF2fyuo6 '''Report''']).
* A display of combined guidance (Laser+IOG+GNSS) has been added to the weaponry stat card.
* '''TOW family ATGMs, 9M114/120''' — flight model and autopilot have been updated, the probability of self-oscillations occurring after fast movement of line-of-sight has lowered.
* '''PGM-500, PGM-2000''' — inertial guidance (IOG) has been added. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/GXYsUHCFrSKb '''Report''']). '''Source''': MBDA's manufacturers brochure "PGM Modular Air-to-surface Stand-off weapon".
* '''GBU-24''' — inertial guidance (IOG) has been removed. ([https://old-forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/570864-gbu-24-should-not-have-gpsins-called-iog-in-game-guidance/ '''Report''']).
* A bug that caused ESS smoke to not prevent the guidance of missiles with optical (TV) seekers has been fixed.
* '''F-16C''' — GBU-39 bombs have been added. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/BBkIfOuBKyLD '''Report''']).
* '''F-16AM''' — GBU-39 bombs have been added.
* '''JAS39C (all variants)''' — GBU-39 bombs have been added. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/yO3ZwWSziSaR '''Report''']).
* '''Su-17M4, Su-22M4''' — the restriction on the joint use of TV and laser-guided missiles has been removed. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/60YIsOnCRldq '''Report''']). '''Source:''' Самолёт Су-17М4 и подготовка его к боевому применению. Учебное пособие. Монино-1986.
* '''Harrier GR.1, Harrier GR.3''' — 500 lb bombs have been replaced by 540 lb bombs. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/aHUmvhyTL6Gf '''Report''']). '''Source:''' CTTO Harrier Tactics Manual 2nd Edition (National Archives reference DEFE 71/1019).
* '''F-4F''' — BLU-27B incendiary bombs have been added. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/bUpFz0ipukRe '''Report''']). '''Source''': GAF TO 1F-4F-1 Flight Manual GAF Series F-4F Aircraft, 1976.
* '''B-17G''' — underwing 4000 lb AN/M56 bombs have been added. The number of 1600 lb AN-Mk1 armor-piercing bombs has been increased from 2 to 6. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/HeqYyBgFOjFh '''Report''']). '''Source:''' AN 01-20EG-1.
* '''Tornado''' — for the Tornados with the BOZ-107 pod, the number of countermeasures has been increased from 340 to 600. '''Sources''': AWC Tornado GR.1 Tactics Manual; Tornado Training Notes. Armament Book 11.
* '''AJ37, AJS37, JAS39A''' — RB 75T missiles and their corresponding modifications have been added. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/YtYZ1Ltls3a9 '''Report''']).
* '''F-104J''' — 19 x Mighty Mouse rockets have been added.
* '''A-7E, A-7K''' — the number of bombs that range from 250 to 1000 lb has been increased. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/WzGCodDbzkgy '''Report''']).
* '''J-10A''' — additional 250-3 and 250-4 bombs on the under-fuselage pylon have been added. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/5JFVFNoGGNk4 '''Report''']). Drop-tanks have been added to the under-fuselage pylon.
* '''A-129CBT, A-129D''' — the amount of rounds for the TM197B turret has been reduced from 750 to 500. '''Source''': TM197B Datasheet, Leonardo.
* '''Ki-102 Otsu''' — practice shell and new belts have been added for the 57 mm Ho-401 cannon. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/ZD6leTa4soGo '''Report''']).
* '''37 mm Ho-204 cannon''' — rate of fire has been increased from 360 to 400 rounds per minute. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/tqWOHjQMC4Vi '''Report''']).
* '''37 mm Ho-203 cannon''' — rate of fire has been reduced from 300 to 100 rounds per minute. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/ekBYNfEamz59 '''Report''']).
* '''TIS MA''' — the ammunition for the 37 mm NS-37 cannon has been reduced from 75 to 45 rounds per barrel. The ammunition for the 20 mm ShVAK cannon has been reduced from 150 to 120 rounds per barrel. '''Source:''' Отчет по заводским испытаниям модифицированного двухместного истребителя сопровождения "ТИС"-2АМ38Ф конструкции Н.Н. Поликарпова.
* '''Sea Fury FB.11, Sea Fury FB.51''' — M.C. 250 lb Mk.I and M.C. 500 lb Mk.I bombs have been added. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/aXYy05n6kgxX '''Report''']).
* '''Ki-45 Otsu''' — the 37 mm Type 94 cannon has been replaced with the 37 mm Type 98 cannon. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/fdLrkw2Tx0IN '''Report''']).
* '''Spitfire F Mk 22, Spitfire F Mk 24''' — M.C. 250 lb Mk.I and M.C. 500 lb Mk.I bombs have been added.
* '''Vampire F.B.5, Vampire FB 52, Vampire FB 52A''' — M.C. 500 lb Mk.I bomb has been added.
* '''Venom FB.4''' — M.C. 500 lb Mk.I bomb has been added.
* '''Ju-288C''' — a set of 2 x SB2500 bombs has been added.
* '''Yer-2 (M-105)''' — 250, 500 and 1000 kg armor-piercing bombs have been added. '''Source:''' Временное техническое описание самолёта Ер-2 2М-105. Книга третья.
* '''Su-24M''' — KAB-500Kr-E bombs have been replaced with KAB-500Kr-M.
* '''Ki-45 Otsu''' — 250 kg bombs have been added.
* '''Ki-45 Hei, Ki-45 Hei/Tei''' — 50 kg, 100 kg and 250 kg bombs have been added.
* '''Ki-45 Tei''' — 50 kg and 100 kg bombs have been added.
* '''Ki-45 Otsu''' — 250 kg bombs have been added.
* '''Ki-45 Hei, Ki-45 Hei/Tei''' — 50 kg, 100 kg and 250 kg bombs have been added.
* '''Ki-45 Tei''' — 50 kg and 100 kg bombs have been added. '''Sources''' (for all Ki-45 points): PROFILE PUBLICATIONS The Kawasaki Ki-45 Toryu NUMBER 105 TWO SHILLINGS; Manual on Japanese aircraft, TAIC No. 2, October 1944; Mechanism of Military Aircraft; "Toryu" / Type 99 Assault/Tactical Reconnaissance, 1999; Jacar C16120150400 "27th Flight Regiment Operation Order No. 113: Support the Navy and Launch a General Attack" October 24, 1944, 2000J, Saravia, Philippines. 27th Flight Regiment, 2nd Company, Combat Diary; Collection of Japanese Army Aircraft (日本陸軍軍用機集) . by Shigeru Nohara. June 1997; "Senshi Sōsho Vol. 087: Development, Production, and Supply of Army Aviation Weapons" edited by the War History Office of the Defense Agency's Defense Research Institute. 1975; To-gō Flight Manual (と號空中勤務必携). Issued by Imperial Japanese Army. May 1945.
* '''F3D-1''' — the ability to drop bombs separately has been added. ([https://old-forum.warthunder.ru/index.php?/topic/318455-f3d-1-net-razdelnogo-sbrosa-bomb/ '''Report''']).
* '''1000 lb AN-M65A1 bomb''' — bomb mass has been reduced from 546.5 kg to 500.76 kg. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/6JQBIi7imdHq '''Report''']).
* '''20 mm Hispano 404 autocannon''' — belt composition has been reworked. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/TlKHR1QBLYjk '''Report''']).

=== Other ===

* '''Su-24M''' — a bug that caused the left drop-tank to be missing when equipping the right drop-tank has been fixed. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/jeCJXuC7N0v0 '''Report''']).
* '''Jaguar (all variants)''' — a bug where the Phimat chaff pod counted releases by two has been fixed.
* '''Su-24M''' — icons in the secondary weapons menu for the S-25LD missiles have been corrected. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/zzvHNS6aYm6H '''Report''']).
* '''A-10C''' — a bug that made it impossible to use the AGM-65G next to the LITENING II guidance pod has been fixed.
* '''A-10C''' — a bug where part of the RWR was superimposed on the right page of the MFD has been fixed. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/2B072TtPrKP0 '''Report''']).
* '''JF-17''' — guidance pod replaced with ASELPOD.
* '''F-111F''' — a bug that caused the AGM-65D, AGM-65G and GBU-15(V)2 to be missing the IR channel has been fixed. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/qjDXtA3D59ot '''Report''']).
* '''Su-7BMK, Su-7BKL''' — ballistic computer for the bombs has been removed. '''Sources:''' Альбом наглядных пособий по самолету Су-7Б. Часть 2.; Самолёт МиГ-21Ф-13. Техническое описание, Книга II - Вооружение. 1963
* '''Mi-24D (all variants)''' — the HIRSS modification has been added. The Flares/Chaff, IRCM and NVD modifications have each been moved one modification research tier higher. The HIRSS modification is now required to research Flares/Chaff modification. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/o7tQ7E6LezaB '''Report''']).
* '''F-84G''' — sight in the cockpit has been made gyroscopic. ([https://old-forum.warthunder.ru/index.php?/topic/284081-197165-republic-f-84g-bag-giroskopicheskogo-pritsela/ '''Report''']).
* '''Mi-8, Mi-4''' — a bug that caused the turret to stop working after one of the gunners was knocked out has been fixed. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/Vi8V0M3Q7Q9F '''Report'''], [https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/vogXrn0PKYrc '''Report''']).
* '''A129CBT, AH-129D, T129''' — the 20 mm TM197B turret aiming angles have been adjusted: horizontal aiming angles have been changed from +/- 115 to +/- 110 degrees, vertical aiming angles have been changed from -50/+25 to -50/+20 degrees. Weight has been changed from 66kg to 138kg. '''Source''': TM197B Datasheet, Leonardo.
* '''Harrier GR.7''' — a missing preset with the AGM-65E missile has been added. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/akhN8YoCUrrg '''Report''']).
* '''F-105D''' — a bug that caused the arresting hook to not deploy when attempting to land on an aircraft carrier has been fixed. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/oqUCI72R5r6R '''Report''']).
* '''A-7E''' — RWR has been changed from AN/ALR-45 to AN/ALR-45(V). '''Source''': A-7 Corsair Pilot's Flight Operating Manual.
* '''F-4F Early''' — RWR has been changed from AN/APR36 to AN/ALR-46(V)2. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/KTxKWneCTdoG '''Report''']). '''Source:''' GAF TO 1F-4F-34-1.
* '''Su-24M''' — flap release animation has been fixed. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/eJe7zqCD6KSm '''Report''']).
* '''F-5A, F-5C''' — incorrect texture mapping on the rightmost pylon of the AGM-12B missile has been fixed.
* '''Jaguar A, Jaguar E''' — a bug that caused the Phimat pod to not display on the pylon has been fixed.
* '''Ju 87 B-2, Ju 87 D-3, Ju 87 D-5, Ju 87 R-2''' — a bug that caused the release of the wing bombs to be out of sync (the first four were dropped on the left wing, then one on the right) has been fixed. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/PQw7NVhOmpup '''Report''']).
* The size of the central circle on the RWR indicator in the interface has been reduced to make visual assessment of the distance towards the radiation source easier.
* '''MiG-21SMT/MF/bis (all variants), MiG-23 (all variants), MiG-29 (9-12 (all variants))/(9-13), Su-17M2/M3/M4, Su-22M4, Su-24M, Su-25 (all variants), Su-27, F-5E (all variants), F-20A, A-7D/K, F-14 (all variants), F-15 (all variants), F-16 (all variants), A-10 (all variants), Mirage 3E/5BA, J-7D, AJ37, Harrier GR.3, Sea Harrier FRS.1, AV-8B (all variants), F-4EJ Kai Phantom II''' — authentic cockpit RWR lights have been added. The text under the lights may differ from the text on the RWR indicator in the interface. There will also be no indication in the cockpit of radars that the RWR was unable to detect in real life.
* '''A-4E (all variants), A-6E, A-4H/N, A-7D/E, A-10 (all variants), F-16 (all variants), F-15 (all variants), F-14 (all variants), F-5E (all variants), F-105D, Mirage 2000 (all variants), Tornado F3/ADV, F-4EJ Kai, F-4E Kurnass, Harrier GR.7, Sea Harrier FRS.1, AV-8B (all variants), F-20A, Kfir Canard, AMX (all variants), AH-64 (all variants), AH-1W/Z (all variants), OH-58 (all variants), AH-60 (Israel), A-129 (all variants) , BO 105 PAH-1 (all variants), AHS, Rooivalk''' — authentic RWR displays have been in the cockpit. Threat markers and their status indicators (locked on, launch, new threat, etc) may differ from how they are displayed on the RWR indicator in the interface. There will also be no indication in the cockpit about the radars, which the RWR was unable to detect in real life.
* The threat identification capabilities of the following RWRs have been changed:
** '''ARI 18228/10 on the Buccaneer S.2B''' — the ability to identify specific radar models has been added.
** '''AN/APR-25/27/32/36''' — radar type indication on the screen in accordance with frequency ranges E, G and I has been added. Examples of affected aircraft: F-4C, F-4J (UK), F-104, F-8, F-105, A-4.
** '''AN/ALR-56 (all variants)/67/68 (all variants)/69''' — artillery SPAAs are now identified as anti-aircraft artillery, without identifying specific models. The SAMs are identified as before.
*** Pulse radars of fighters other than the F-4, F-5, MiG-21 and MiG-23 are identified as pulse radars, without identification of specific models. Pulse-Doppler fighter radars are identified as before. JA37/AJ37 radar is recognized as the F-16. J-7, J-8 radars are recognized as the MiG-21.
*** Examples of affected aircraft: F-14B, F-16 (all variants), AV-8B (all variants), F-15 (all variants).
** '''AN/APR-39 (all variants)''' — fighter radars are not identified as specific models anymore. ZSU-23-4 is identified as a specific model. NATO air defense systems, such as Roland, ItO 90M (Crotale), etc can no longer be identified as a specific model.
*** Examples of affected aircraft: AH-64A, AH-1Z, A-129. '''Source''': AN/APR-39A(V)1 RADAR SIGNAL DETECTING SET. US FORCES, KOREA 18-29 MAY 1998.
** '''AN/ALR-46 (all variants)''' — fighter radars and missile radars are identified as pulse and pulse-Doppler, without identifying specific models. Artillery SPAAs are now identified as anti-aircraft artillery, without identifying specific models. Examples of affected aircraft: F-4E, F-5E, A-7D/K.

=== The Secondary weapons menu has been added to the following aircraft ===

* '''Me 264, Fw 200 C-1, He 177 A-5, Yer-2 (M-105), Yer-2 (M-105R) LU, Yer-2 (M-105) TAT, Yer-2 (M-105R) TAT'''.

= Flight Model changes =

* The speed of wing stress accumulation has been increased, which decreased the time during which the wing could continuously resist overloads higher than the maximum allowed one without breaking.
* '''LaGG-3-35/66, La-5 (all variants)''' — the aircraft flight model has been completely updated in accordance with the current capabilities of the physical model. The polars of the wing, fuselage, empennage and propeller blades have been recalculated and refined. Moments of inertia have been refined. The engine operating modes have also been refined. A bug leading to a decrease in the developed overload at speeds above 550 km/h according to the instrument (IAS) has been fixed. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/XTdpLlnouXLS '''Report''']).
* '''Meteor (all variants)''' — automatic flap retraction system depending on speed (floating flaps) has been added. '''Sources''': A.P. 2210C Meteor F Mk.3; A.P. 2210D Pilot's Notes for Meteor 4 - 2nd Edition; A.P. 2210L,N,N,P & V Pilot's Notes Meteor Night Fighters; A.P. 2210H Volume 1 - Meteor F Mk.8 Aircraft - General and technical information.
* '''Hs 129 (all variants)''' — engine fire extinguishing system has been added.
* '''Tornado IDS, ADV, F3''' — maximum and afterburner thrust has been adjusted.
* '''AV-8B (NA)''' — thrust has been increased, engine has been changed to F402-RR-408.
* '''Javelin F.Mk 9''' — afterburning thrust at sea level has been reduced to the maximum thrust without afterburning due to the poor performance of the fuel pumps. Full afterburning thrust is achieved at about 6 km.
* '''Su-27, J-11''' — roll control when using the mouse has been improved, roll overshoot at the end of a roll change at high speed has been reduced.
* '''A-5C/Q-5 (all variants)''' — maximum speed has been reduced to M 1.20 at an altitude of 11 km and 1350 km/h at an altitude of 7 km (Q-5 early: M 1.12 and 1240 km/h).

= Naval fleet model, damage model, characteristic and weaponry changes =

=== Naval weaponry ===

* '''RN Andrea Doria, USS Arkansas, USS Wyoming''' — the bridge module has been excluded from the fire control modules. Fire is now controlled only by the fire control room.
* '''S-38, S-38b''' — a bug where the armor-piercing belts were not loaded into one of the autocannons when changing selected belt has been fixed. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/rHcped44nLZZ '''Report''']). The order of the gun indicators above the action panel have also been fixed.
* '''Hugin''' — a bug where it was impossible to select torpedoes in the additional armament when starting a test sail has been fixed. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/rqbFcDanoIMd '''Report''']).
* '''IJN Myoko, IJN Haguro''' — the actual reload time of the 127 mm secondary guns has been corrected. It originally said 4.3 sec in the stat card, which is the correct value, but actually was 7.4 sec. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/VkU5LqcHVJ1r '''Report''']).
* '''Mogador''' — a bug where the guns of the last main battery turret could not elevate to their maximum angle has been fixed. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/O8bQVKsVpohg '''Report''']).
* '''MAS 441''' — a bug where the front 40 mm cannon did not fire at aircraft in auto-gunner mode has been fixed. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/0tAAhSnGLH6y '''Report''']).
* '''RN Leonardo da Vinci''' — some 76/50 Vickers mod.1909 gun elevation angles have been corrected.
* '''Z46, Z47''' — all main caliber turrets now have the ability to rotate 360 degrees.

=== Naval modifications and crew skills ===

* '''M-17''' — a bug where depth charges were available before the corresponding modification had been researched has been fixed.

=== Naval characteristics, physics and damage model ===

* '''The position of the binocular camera has been reworked.''' The camera has been moved to the center of the ship along its length and width. The height of the binoculars now depends on the maximum height of the vehicle: the higher the superstructure and masts, the higher the location of the camera.
* In Arcade Battles, the calculation time for the fire control system has been reduced for all its types.
* '''IJN Amagi''' — ship displacement has been corrected from 47,600t to 43,918t. '''Source''': B.C."AMAGI & AKAGI" RESULTS OF CALCULATION OF BENDING AND SHEARING STRESSES.
* '''HMS Hood''' — the damage model of the aft magazine, which previously did not match its model in the X-ray has been fixed.
* '''Paris''' — maximum roll in turn, which previously caused a warning about a possible ship capsize has been reduced. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/dEVYpwbuERSu '''Report''']).
* '''USS Tennessee''' — the shape of the splinter bulkhead armor that protects the bow ammo magazines has been corrected. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/AEMqs6Z6e868 '''Report''']).

=== Naval Visual models and visual parts ===

* '''Z46''' — a bug where the elevator models in the ship's X-ray were displayed as cylinders has been fixed.
* '''Type T-1''' — tube torpedo tubes have been replaced with side drop launch devices.
* '''Mogador''' — the position of the sailors behind the anti-aircraft installations have been corrected.
* '''RN Pola''' — a bug where the X-ray of the AA installations did not rotate with the model has been fixed. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/xLuPHjdJJY43 '''Report''']).

=== Localization ===

* '''USS Sumner''' — a typo in the ship's name in the stat card has been fixed. ([https://community.gaijin.net/issues/p/warthunder/i/52O2Bqfh0Zft '''Report''']).

=== Interface ===

* '''Icons with hit results have been added to naval battles.''' To better assess the results of your own shooting, when hitting an enemy, a set of icons is displayed showing the result of each shell: hit, effective hit (if modules or crew were damaged), non-penetration, and through-penetration of the ship. These icons have a counter for each event, making it easier to assess the results of shooting during continuous shelling. In the near future, an option will be added to the menu that allows you to configure a set of icons or disable them completely.
* '''Damage indicators in the hit camera have been updated.''' Six damage indicators at the bottom of the hit camera, informing about damage to enemy guns, engines, flooding, etc have received a new design and an expanded set. There are now ten of them, and they are divided into three groups. The first group of five hexagonal icons, as before, notifies about damage to modules: main and secondary caliber guns, torpedo tubes, wheelhouse, boiler rooms and engine rooms. The second group of two hexagonal icons shows the explosion of the enemy's ammunition magazine2s due to fire or detonation. And the third group of three round icons shows the enemy's state: fire, flooding and reduced or lost speed. The fire icon can show a module fire causing damage to the crew (in yellow), or an ammunition magazine fire threatening an explosion (in red).

= Economy and research =

* The mechanics of new vehicles have been extended to the requirement for the number of vehicles to unlock the next rank. If there are few vehicles at the current rank (less than 5 or 6, depending on the type of vehicle and rank) and a new vehicle is added there, this new vehicle will not increase the requirement to unlock the next rank for 28 days from the moment of its release. For example, in this update, when adding the Sabra Mk.I to rank VII of Israel's ground forces tree, the number of vehicles required to unlock rank VIII will remain equal to three (based on the number of "old" vehicles and vehicle groups at this rank), until the Sabra Mk.I is no longer considered new.
* '''F-4F KWS LV''' — Battle Rating in all modes has been reduced to 13.0.
* '''Leclerc, Leclerc S2''' — both have been moved from rank VII to rank VIII. The OFL 120 G1 APFSDS round, which was previously located at tier I in the modification research window is now available by default. Silver Lions and Golden Eagles spent on researching this modification have been refunded.
* '''Vextra 105, AMX-40''' — both have been moved from rank VI to rank VII.

= Customization =

* Camouflage nets on ground vehicles now change to the color of the camouflage selected for the vehicle. This was previously added only for two vehicles but now works on every vehicle that has a camouflage net.
* '''Challenger 2 TES, Challenger 2 OES''' — the camouflage net has been updated.
* A new font for "number" decals available for Chinese vehicles has been added.
* New winter camouflages for more modern vehicles of the USA, Germany, France and Netherlands have been added.

= Awards =

* A new award called "The end is near" has been added. It is awarded for shooting down a nuclear carrier aircraft that has already dropped the nuclear bomb.
* A new award called "One minute to midnight" has been added. It is awarded for completing a mission with a nuclear carrier aircraft without the nuke detonating.
* A bug that caused the "Doomsday!" award to not be awarded if the nuke was detonated after the player has left the nuke carrying aircraft by any means has been fixed.

= Interface =

* A new full-screen player profile window has been added. The only profile type at the moment is "Favorite Mode". If the player has not chosen a favorite mode on their own, the one where they have fought the most battles in will be shown.
* The in-game shop for "Rookie trophy" now displays the exact drop chance for each item.
* The ability to move the range scale horizontally has been added to the sight settings menu. The scale is moved by dragging it with the mouse cursor.
* The ability to delete a custom sight preset has been added to the sight settings menu.
* The sorting in the lists for selecting a sight preset and selecting a reticle has been changed, now player-created files are displayed first.
* The ability to enable and configure the display of the type or name of the shell in the sight has been added to sight settings menu.
* An in-battle notification about successful missile evasion has been added. Currently the evasion is counted at the moment the missile is destroyed if its seeker had captured the player during the flight, but the missile failed to hit the target. The total amount of evasions per battle is also shown in the battle results screen.

= Game mechanics =

* In Ground Battles at night, illumination shells that periodically fired over the map by mission logic have been disabled.
* Saving of player shots and hits received by the player to the replay log with the ability to separately play back each hit in the protection analysis after the battle has been added. The server point of impact, angle of impact and state of the shell are saved in this log, and then the result is played back in the shot animation using this data. Currently only direct hits are logged, hits by close explosions of shells, rockets, missiles and bombs are not.
* '''Following the Roadmap:''' The ability to switch between the impact and delay/radio fuze has been added for shells and fuzes that had this ability in real life. The keybind to switch the fuze mode is called "Switch fuze mode" and can be found in the Controls menu under Ground Vehicles > Miscellaneous section.
* '''Following the Roadmap:''' Added mechanics for building boxes of ammunition with vehicles classed as Tank Destroyers, ATGM carriers (type listed in the stat card, not any vehicle with an ATGM), all SPAA vehicles and ground vehicles with additional rockets and bombs (Calliope, M26 T99, RBT-5, Cromwell V (RP-3), Matilda Hedgehog, Magach Hydra).
** '''Building and destroying boxes:''' Building boxes takes some time, during which the player must remain stationary next to it. The movement of the vehicle is not blocked. Boxes have a full damage model and can be destroyed by a hit or ram. The ability to destroy boxes is only available to the enemy and the player themselves. To avoid bad behavior, allies are not able to destroy the player's constructions in all game modes.
** '''Additional box details:''' The number of built boxes depends on the number of vehicle weapon groups, from one to three: a separate box for artillery weapons and separate one for each additional group (SAM / rockets). For tanks with rockets and bombs, only one box can be built — the one for additional weapons, while the ammunition of main weapon can only be replenished at capture points, as before. Each built box contains as many shells / rounds as the player had at the time of respawn in battle, and will allow you to replenish the ammunition up to this amount.
** Only the player who built the ammunition box can replenish ammunition from it. After running out of shells in the box, it will automatically be destroyed. When enough damage is dealt to the box, the ammunition in it ignites, with the fire not only destroying the box, but also showing its position with a visual effect and causing damage to exposed vehicles if they fall into the radius of its destruction. Ammunition boxes can be rebuilt as many times as you like (including after they are destroyed), but there will only be remaining, unused shells inside. This means that at the beginning of the battle, the player could receive potentially double the amount of ammunition, which can be used at their own discretion through changing positions and replenishing ammunition from portable boxes.
** '''Arcade Battles replenishment changes:''' The mechanics of replenishing ammunition from boxes logically and technically conflict with the mechanics of arcade reloading of additional weapons, which activates after the complete use of additional weapons in Ground Arcade battles. In addition, the mechanics of arcade reloading blocked replenishment of ammunition for additional weapons at the capture point. The mechanics of arcade reloading have been removed, since replenishment of ammunition from boxes and at capture points are, in our opinion, more understandable with universal game mechanics.

= Graphical =

* '''New Graphics API options:'''
** '''Direct3D 12 (beta)''': A more modern graphics API, which allows us to do optimizations and add new features, not available for Direct3D 11. This includes the use of FSR Anti Aliasing, Ray Tracing and more in the future. It also helps to optimize existing features, like rendering the scenery is less demanding on the CPU.
* '''New Anti Aliasing options:'''
** '''FSR 3.1:''' The Anti Aliasing (including the native one) and upscaling solution from AMD. Works under Direct3D 12 and Vulkan (currently available for Linux only), on all capable GPUs. Opens the door for frame generation in future updates.
** '''DLAA:''' DLSS is now updated to the latest version. Has a Native upscaling option, which is also known as DLAA. Opens the door for frame generation in future updates.
** '''XeSS:''' The Anti Aliasing (including the native one) and upscaling solution from Intel. Works under Direct3D 12.
** '''TSR:''' The next generation of TAA Anti Aliasing we already had in the game. Has the same performance but better image quality.
* '''New feature:'''
** '''Ray Tracing (beta):''' War Thunder now has a Ray Tracing solution which doesn't cut corners and works for all objects and map elements. It has allowed us to implement a wide range of high-quality graphical effects based on it. Ray tracing is currently available only for NVIDIA GPUs.
* '''New Ray Tracing options:'''
** '''Ray Traced Shadow Maps (RTSM):''' Replaces traditional shadow maps, for pixel perfect and physically accurate shadows. Works for sun shadows and also for dynamic lights, for high end GPUs.
** '''Ray Traced Ambient Occlusion (RTAO):''' Replaces traditional screen space ambient occlusion for physically accurate ambient shadows.
** '''Ray Traced Reflections (RTR):''' Replaces probe and screen space reflection techniques. Enabling physically accurate reflections and also reflections of objects off screen.
** '''Ray Traced Water Reflections:''' Replaces planar reflections used on water. While planar reflections were already good looking, this improves them, as the distortion is based on actual wave geometry.
** '''Ray Traced Translucent reflections:''' Replaces probe based reflections on translucent glass surfaces for accurate reflection of the world.
* The afterburner effects for aircraft have been updated.
* New effects for ground vehicle movement depending on the surface and type of vehicle have been added.
* The effects of rocket boosters for aircraft have been updated.
* A new system that physically and correctly simulates wind flows on the location, taking into account obstacles has been added. It allows for improved behavior of particles, which are now able to bend around the landscape, buildings, and other objects in the scene when moving.
* New system of vehicle contamination during battle has been added. The system of interaction between the environment (dust, dirt, water) and vehicles has been reworked. Now different parts of the game location have different effects on the appearance of ground vehicles.
* LERX Vapor effects have been added.
* New rain and snow effects have been added.
* The dynamics of the visual spread of fires on ships has been changed.
* When anti-aircraft missiles are destroyed in the air, there is now a chance for the engine compartment to continue moving purely visually.
* New effects for launching anti-aircraft missiles on ships and anti-aircraft missile systems have been added.
* During rain, the effect of water jets is shown from some objects, such as roof slopes.
* Physical behavior of all sparks in the game from shots, explosions, shell hits, fires, etc have been improved.
* The visual effect of missile aerial explosions has been improved.
* The effect of in-flight engine and ground vehicle fire has been reworked.
* When ships sink, debris will begin to float to the surface of the water.
* Physics of debris and particle behavior in explosions and impact effects have been reworked.
* Visual effects for sliding aircraft fuselages and wings on different surfaces have been added.
* Tracer visibility has been increased.
* The visual effect of flaming fuel spillage from fuel tanks of ground vehicles has been improved.
* Effects for targeting smoke have been improved.
* The effects of rocket explosions in the air have been reworked.
* Aircraft movement effects on different surfaces have been improved.
* Visuals for destruction of non-playable vehicles (cars, trucks) on maps have been improved.
* Motion Blur has been added. The setting can be turned on and its intensity can be adjusted. There is also an option to turn off blur from camera movement, leaving only blur from the movement of objects in the environment.

= Sound =

* Dynamic range (the difference between the loudest and quietest sounds) has been increased, which will lead to increased readability and clarity of important sounds, such as sounds of engines of enemy vehicles.
* A custom sound design has been created for ADEN/DEFA aircraft cannons. Previously, these cannons used the sound of the NR-30 cannon.
* Aerial bombs now make noise (in addition to whistling) when approaching a listener on the ground a couple of seconds before hitting the ground.
* '''Voice events''' for launching guided missiles have been added to Naval Battles.

= Controls =

* A new configuration called "Xbox Controller, Modern Aviation" has been added to the Control Setup Wizard. This configuration has all the necessary settings to control high rank aircraft.

= Matchmaking =

* '''Ground SB 3_1:'''
** Removed '''M13 MGMC.'''
* '''Ground SB 4_1:'''
** Added '''CCKW 353 (M45).'''
** Removed '''M15 CGMC.'''
* '''Ground SB 5_1:'''
** Added: '''CCKW 353 (M45), ZSD63/PG87, T20, ST-A2.'''
** Removed: '''PT-76B, M15 CGMC, M16 MGMC.'''
* '''Ground SB 6_1:'''
** Removed '''Panther "Dauphiné".'''
* '''Ground SB 8_2:'''
** Added: '''M48A1(China), Sho't, M48A1.'''
* '''Ground SB 8_2_2:'''
** Added: '''ZTS63, Centurion Mk.5 AVRE.'''
* '''Ground SB 9_2:'''
** Removed '''OF-40 (MTCA).'''
* '''Ground SB 10_2:'''
** Added '''Ra'am Sagol.'''
* '''Ground SB 11_2:'''
** Added: '''Challenger 2, Su-22M3, Su-22UM3K.'''

{{Updates}}

[[Category:Updates]]

User:U52930991

2024-07-18T18:43:52Z

U52930991: Blanked the page

User:U52930991

2024-07-18T18:42:55Z

U52930991: Created page with "New to the wiki, I'll try to edit pages that doesn't have too much or useless information."

New to the wiki, I'll try to edit pages that doesn't have too much or useless information.

Vickers Mk.E

2024-07-05T06:39:08Z

U52930991: Edits

{{About
| about = Swedish light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the British machine gun
| link = Vickers E (7.7 mm)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=sw_vickers_mk_e_37
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The Vickers Mk.E was developed as a private venture by Vickers to create a lightweight, easy-to-maintain, and inexpensive light tank. Destined for infantry support, three variants were created: the Model A with two machine guns in independent turrets, the Model B with a QF 3 pounder 47mm cannon, and the Vickers Medium Dragon, which was used as a cargo vehicle, mainly as an artillery tractor. While the British army did not use the Model A or B, it did use the Dragon model. The base variants found service in countries like China, India, Finland, and Poland. The vehicle even inspired the Polish 7TP (a modified Vickers Mk.E Model B) and the famous T-26, which was a licensed variant of the Vickers Mk.E with domestically made systems, such as optics and a 45mm gun instead of the QF 3 pounder. The vehicle had very poor performance; however, it was developed in 1929 and used up until the 1940s. It's no surprise that it was severely outclassed by tanks like the Panzer III during the German-Soviet aggression against Poland and later in the Eastern Front, or against the T-34 during the Continuation War.

Introduced in [[Update "Fire and Ice"]], the Vickers Mk.E sits at a very low BR, with poor mobility and armament that might label it as a mediocre tank. However, it does have some advantages. Unlike American or French 37mm cannons, the Vickers Mk.E features an APHE round with decent muzzle velocity, but with a very small amount of explosive filler (just 15g). The APHE round offers lower penetration values compared to the AP round, but this is less of an issue at Rank I where many vehicles have no armour, and long-range shots are challenging. Still, it is recommended to carry a small amount of AP rounds for heavier targets.

One of the Vickers Mk.E's significant strengths is its gun depression of 10 degrees, combined with a turret positioned higher than the hull. This configuration makes it easier to peak over hills compared to other tanks. However, escaping from dangerous situations is difficult due to its maximum reverse speed of only 3.6 km/h. Despite its very poor armour, the transmission is relatively large for its size and its position can sometimes deflect shots that might otherwise kill crew members or damage internal modules..

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The armour on the Vickers Mk.E can reliably stop only rifle-calibre munitions; however, some machine guns like the British 7.92mm BESA or the German 7.92mm MG34/42 can easily penetrate certain 10mm plates. The unsloped armour plates, combined with their weak protection levels, lead to one conclusion: avoid getting shot at.

Unlike the [[T-26]], the Vickers Mk.E is crewed by four members, which means that shells without explosive filler may not knock out the entire crew with one hit to the hull, giving you a small chance to fight back. However, it's not something to rely on too heavily.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 10mm (32°, 59°), 17.5mm (1°) ''Upper plate'' 10mm (80°) ''Upper glacis'' 17.5mm (11°) ''Lower plate'' 10mm (49°) ''Lower glacis'' 10mm (9-59°) ''Driver's port'' || 10mm || 17.5mm (1°) ''Upper plate'' 10mm (9°) ''Lower plate''|| 5mm ''Hull'' 10mm ''rear''
|-
| Turret || 13.6mm (10°) ''Turret front'' 13.6mm (1-71°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 13.6mm (10°) || 13.6mm (9°) || 5mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Tracks and suspension wheels are 15mm thick
* Belly armour is 5mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

The Vickers Mk.E has a cruise speed that allows it to keep up with most vehicles at its BR. While it won't achieve racing speeds, the tank can get you where you need to go in due time.

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=143|rbMinHp=81}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
Most Important modifications:

* All the protection tree upgrades
* pstkr 27-34 APHE round
* Horizontal Drive
* Engine and Transmission
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Psv.K/36 (37 mm)}}
The Vickers Mk.E is equipped with the 37mm Psv.K/36, which is a fairly mediocre weapon in terms of performance. Despite its low calibre, it could be considered superior to American and German 37mm cannons due to its APHE round.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Psv.K/36 (37 mm)|37mm Psv.K/36]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 50 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | - || 13.3 || 18.4 || 22.4 || 24.8 || 26.4 || rowspan="2" | 4.03 || rowspan="2" | 3.56 || rowspan="2" | 3.29 || rowspan="2" | 3.10
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.3 || 9.8 || 11.9 || 13.2 || 14.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
There are two available rounds:

* APHE round: Maximum penetration of 55mm. Lower penetration but high damage potential.
* AP shell: Maximum penetration of 62mm. Higher penetration but low damage potential.

It's advisable to carry a mix of both ammunition types. The APHE round can potentially knock out some enemy tanks, but it will be completely ineffective against heavily-armoured vehicles typically encountered when uptiered. For these tanks, it's best to use AP rounds and aim for crew members if possible.

{{:Psv.K/36 (37 mm)/Ammunition|psav Vj4, pstkr 27-34}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''50''' || 43 ''(+7)'' || 1 ''(+49)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Note''':

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* Turret empty: 43 ''(+7)'' shells.
{{Clear}}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|ksp m/36 (8 mm)}}
The small calibre of the Ksp m/36 machine gun limits its effectiveness to damaging open-topped vehicles or engaging low-flying aircraft. However, its belt size allows for continuous firing at the enemy for at least 20 seconds.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[ksp m/36 (8 mm)|8 mm ksp m/36]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 4,000 (250) || 649 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

It is recommended to play the Vickers Mk.E in a support role, flanking the battlefield and finding a good position to assist teammates. The 37mm cannon offers good characteristics, with both APHE and AP rounds capable of dealing significant damage to enemy vehicles at short and long ranges. The fast reload allows for quick aim adjustments between shots, making the Vickers Mk.E highly effective as a flanking vehicle if positioned well. Its 10 degrees of gun depression enables it to hide its hull and minimize visibility to the enemy, particularly when keeping back at long-range to avoid taking damage.

However, the lack of armour means it's vulnerable to heavy-calibre machine guns like the 12.7mm M2HB and 13.2mm Breda Model 31, which can penetrate its thickest armour plates. Therefore, it's crucial to avoid being targeted first by enemies and to drive under cover to evade detection.

Additionally, it's worth keeping in mind that the Vickers Mk.E has a slow reverse speed of -4 km/h, making retreats slower than advances. Awareness of enemy positions and available cover is vital to minimizing exposure to enemy fire.

Furthermore, be cautious of enemy aircraft equipped with bombs or powerful guns, as they can easily destroy the Vickers Mk.E. Staying near tree lines to avoid detection and relying on friendly SPAAs units for air defense is advisable, given the Vickers Mk.E's limited anti-aircraft capabilities.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

* [[Pz.II (Family)|Pz.II]] and other tanks with autocannons can easily shred your armour and modules. It's best to avoid head-on engagements; if forced into one, try to fire first before they start spraying.
* [[:Category:Anti-aircraft vehicles|SPAAs]] - Nearly every anti-aircraft vehicle at the tier can penetrate and destroy the Vickers Mk.E with ease, thanks to their high rates of fire. It's crucial to engage SPAAs preemptively. Certain underestimated SPAAs like the French [[P.7.T AA]], [[CCKW 353 AA]], and the American [[M15 CGMC]] should be noted, as their weapons are capable of efficiently disabling a Vickers Mk.E, despite lacking 20mm autocannons.
* The [[D2]] and some other French tanks have over 40mm of armour, which can be difficult to penetrate at range or when angled. It's advised to avoid frontal engagements or shots beyond 500m. Instead, move closer to increase penetration chances.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* The APHE round has a adequate penetration and inflicts potent post-penetration damage.
* Very short reload time.
* Fairly accurate gun at short to medium ranges.
* Adequate gun depression.
* Favorable ammo rack positioning (reduces chance of ammo detonation).

'''Cons:'''

* Poor protection; side armour can be penetrated even by light machine guns.
* Struggles against better-armoured foes like the D2.
* Slow reverse speed.
* Poor turret traverse speed.
* Very bad acceleration from 0 km/h to cruise speed.

== History ==

The Vickers Mk.E, also called Vickers 6-ton was a private venture by Vickers to develop a lightweight, inexpensive, and easy-to-maintain tank intended primarily for infantry support. Various variants were created, including one armed only with machine guns, another equipped with a QF 3-pounder (47mm) gun and crewed by two members, and several variants developed by other nations.

For it's time, it represented a revolutionary design and served as inspiration for many other tanks, such as the Polish 7TP, the Finnish variant of the Mk.E with a 37mm cannon, and the famous T-26. The T-26, produced under license by the Soviet Union, featured minor modifications and the incorporation of domestically manufactured equipment, including a 45mm gun in place of the QF 3-pounder.

The Mk.E was patented in 1929 and presented to the British government. Despite its innovative two-man turret, the British Armed Forces showed little interest, preferring a mix of medium/heavy tanks and lightly armoured tankettes. Vickers, however, saw great promise in the Mk.E and opted for proven concepts and equipment.

The tank utilized the reliable Armstrong Siddeley Puma, a petrol aviation-derived engine capable of 80-95 bhp (60-70 kW), achieving a speed of 22 mph (35 km/h). Its armour, consisting of riveted panels no thicker than 25mm (1 inch), made it vulnerable to anti-tank rifles and autocannons but facilitated inexpensive production and easy repair without advanced tools.

Despite these characteristics, the vehicle failed to satisfy the British Armed Forces and found greater success in the international market. It was exported to countries including the USSR, Greece, Poland, Bolivia, Siam, Finland, Portugal, China, and Bulgaria. A total of 153 units of the Vickers Mk.E were produced, with most remaining in service until the 1940s, when their obsolescence became apparent.

A variant, the Vickers Medium Dragon, was also developed as a tracked cargo vehicle. Adopted in small numbers by the British Army as artillery tractors, it was also utilized by China, India, and Thailand in limited quantities.
[[File:Vickers parola 1.jpg|thumb|458x458px|Finnish Vickers Mk.E]]
Finland emerged as a primary operator of the Vickers Mk.E, replacing its aging Renault FTs with this new design. Initially, early test models performed poorly and were deemed unfit for combat by Finnish standards. However, the improved Vickers-Carden-Loyd Model 1933 exhibited significantly better cross-country performance and was actually praised by its its ease of handling. Consequently, the B model, equipped with an anti-tank gun deemed superior to the A model's machine guns, was introduced into service.

An order for 32 tanks was placed at £4,500 each, omitting radio, optics, and armament to reduce costs. Deliveries occurred between 1937 and 1939, but many issues like the escalation in Europe, overheating problems with the engines and delivery delays resulted in only 10 tanks being ready by 1939, despite 26 being delivered.

Due to the lack of equipment, the tanks were outfitted with a licensed version of the 37mm Bofors anti-tank gun, adapted for tank use with superior armour penetration capabilities compared to the 47mm gun offered by Vickers. Homemade straight-through telescopic sights with a simple crosshair reticles were produced and their poor quality proved lethal in combat, and were criticized by tank crews as junky and unpleasant. As a stopgap measure during the Winter War, some vehicles were armed with the same guns as Renault FTs, training tanks also used this configuration as well as a M/09-31 Maxim machine gun in a semi-coaxial housing on the right side of the Puteaux gun.

By 1941 and during the Continuation War, the remaining Vickers Mk.E were rearmed with Soviet 45mm cannons that proved much more lethal, as well as 7.62mm DT machine guns with a much higher rate of fire and more reliability. Despite these modifications, the tanks performed poorly during both conflicts, increasingly so as more advanced Soviet designs like the BT-7 and T-34 appeared on the battlefield.

The Vickers Mk.E's most notable engagement was during the Battle of Honkaniemi, where, after three hours, the attack was cancelled with less than half of the tanks reaching the starting point. Some became immobilized in rugged terrain, while others struggled with communication among allied forces. Five tanks were knocked out of the fight, but only one was able to be retrieved to the starting point. Finland's lack of experience with armoured formations, coupled with inadequate equipment such as poor optics, lack of radios, and inexperienced crews, proved fatal against the numerically superior Soviet forces at Honkaniemi.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=sw_vickers_mk_e_37 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


* [[T-26 (Family)]]

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/finland/vickers-6-ton-in-finnish-service/ Vickers Mark E Type B in Finnish Service - Tank Encyclopedia]
* [https://tank-afv.com/ww2/gb/vickers_6-ton-light-tank.php Vickers 6-Ton (Mark E) 1929 - Tank-afv]
* [[wikipedia:Vickers_6-ton|Vickers 6-ton - Wikipedia]]

{{Manufacturer Vickers-Armstrongs}}
{{Sweden light tanks}}

Vickers Mk.E

2024-07-05T06:27:19Z

U52930991: added in which update it was introduced, fixed some grammar and simplified the page so it's more clearer and easier to understand

{{About
| about = Swedish light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the British machine gun
| link = Vickers E (7.7 mm)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=sw_vickers_mk_e_37
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The Vickers Mk.E was developed as a private venture by Vickers to create a lightweight, easy-to-maintain, and inexpensive light tank. Destined for infantry support, three variants were created: the Model A with two machine guns in independent turrets, the Model B with a QF 3 pounder 47mm cannon, and the Vickers Medium Dragon, which was used as a cargo vehicle, mainly as an artillery tractor. While the British army did not use the Model A or B, it did use the Dragon model. The base variants found service in countries like China, India, Finland, and Poland. The vehicle even inspired the Polish 7TP (a modified Vickers Mk.E Model B) and the famous T-26, which was a licensed variant of the Vickers Mk.E with domestically made systems, such as optics and a 45mm gun instead of the QF 3 pounder. The vehicle had very poor performance; however, it was developed in 1929 and used up until the 1940s. It's no surprise that it was severely outclassed by tanks like the Panzer III during the German-Soviet aggression against Poland and later in the Eastern Front, or against the T-34 during the Continuation War.

Introduced in [[Update "Fire and Ice"]], the Vickers Mk.E sits at a very low BR, with poor mobility and armament that might label it as a mediocre tank. However, it does have some advantages. Unlike American or French 37mm cannons, the Vickers Mk.E features an APHE round with decent muzzle velocity, but with a very small amount of explosive filler (just 15g). The APHE round offers lower penetration values compared to the AP round, but this is less of an issue at Rank I where many vehicles have no armor, and long-range shots are challenging. Still, it is recommended to carry a small amount of AP rounds for heavier targets.

One of the Vickers Mk.E's significant strengths is its gun depression of 10 degrees, combined with a turret positioned higher than the hull. This configuration makes it easier to peak over hills compared to other tanks. However, escaping from dangerous situations is difficult due to its maximum reverse speed of only 3.6 km/h. Despite its very poor armor, the transmission is relatively large for its size and its position can sometimes deflect shots that might otherwise kill crew members or damage internal modules..

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armor ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The armor on the Vickers Mk.E can reliably stop only rifle-caliber munitions; however, some machine guns like the British 7.92mm BESA or the German 7.92mm MG34/42 can easily penetrate certain 10mm plates. The unsloped armor plates, combined with their weak protection levels, lead to one conclusion: avoid getting shot at.

Unlike the [[T-26]], the Vickers Mk.E is crewed by four members, which means that shells without explosive filler may not knock out the entire crew with one hit to the hull, giving you a small chance to fight back. However, it's not something to rely on too heavily.

'''armor type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armor

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armor !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 10mm (32°, 59°), 17.5mm (1°) ''Upper plate'' 10mm (80°) ''Upper glacis'' 17.5mm (11°) ''Lower plate'' 10mm (49°) ''Lower glacis'' 10mm (9-59°) ''Driver's port'' || 10mm || 17.5mm (1°) ''Upper plate'' 10mm (9°) ''Lower plate''|| 5mm ''Hull'' 10mm ''rear''
|-
| Turret || 13.6mm (10°) ''Turret front'' 13.6mm (1-71°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 13.6mm (10°) || 13.6mm (9°) || 5mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Tracks and suspension wheels are 15mm thick
* Belly armor is 5mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

The Vickers Mk.E has a cruise speed that allows it to keep up with most vehicles at its BR. While it won't achieve racing speeds, the tank can get you where you need to go in due time.

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=143|rbMinHp=81}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
Most Important modifications:

* All the protection tree upgrades
* pstkr 27-34 APHE round
* Horizontal Drive
* Engine and Transmission
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Psv.K/36 (37 mm)}}
The Vickers Mk.E is equipped with the 37mm Psv.K/36, which is a fairly mediocre weapon in terms of performance. Despite its low caliber, it could be considered superior to American and German 37mm cannons due to its APHE round.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Psv.K/36 (37 mm)|37mm Psv.K/36]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 50 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | - || 13.3 || 18.4 || 22.4 || 24.8 || 26.4 || rowspan="2" | 4.03 || rowspan="2" | 3.56 || rowspan="2" | 3.29 || rowspan="2" | 3.10
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.3 || 9.8 || 11.9 || 13.2 || 14.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
There are two available rounds:

* APHE round: Maximum penetration of 55mm. Lower penetration but high damage potential.
* AP shell: Maximum penetration of 62mm. Higher penetration but low damage potential.

It's advisable to carry a mix of both ammunition types. The APHE round can potentially knock out some enemy tanks, but it will be completely ineffective against heavily-armored vehicles typically encountered when uptiered. For these tanks, it's best to use AP rounds and aim for crew members if possible.

{{:Psv.K/36 (37 mm)/Ammunition|psav Vj4, pstkr 27-34}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''50''' || 43 ''(+7)'' || 1 ''(+49)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Note''':

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* Turret empty: 43 ''(+7)'' shells.
{{Clear}}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|ksp m/36 (8 mm)}}
The small caliber of the Ksp m/36 machine gun limits its effectiveness to damaging open-topped vehicles or engaging low-flying aircraft. However, its belt size allows for continuous firing at the enemy for at least 20 seconds.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[ksp m/36 (8 mm)|8 mm ksp m/36]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 4,000 (250) || 649 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

It is recommended to play the Vickers Mk.E in a support role, flanking the battlefield and finding a good position to assist teammates. The 37mm cannon offers good characteristics, with both APHE and AP rounds capable of dealing significant damage to enemy vehicles at short and long ranges. The fast reload allows for quick aim adjustments between shots, making the Vickers Mk.E highly effective as a flanking vehicle if positioned well. Its 10 degrees of gun depression enables it to hide its hull and minimize visibility to the enemy, particularly when keeping back at long-range to avoid taking damage.

However, the lack of armor means it's vulnerable to heavy-caliber machine guns like the 12.7mm M2HB and 13.2mm Breda Model 31, which can penetrate its thickest armor plates. Therefore, it's crucial to avoid being targeted first by enemies and to drive under cover to evade detection.

Additionally, it's worth keeping in mind that the Vickers Mk.E has a slow reverse speed of -4 km/h, making retreats slower than advances. Awareness of enemy positions and available cover is vital to minimizing exposure to enemy fire.

Furthermore, be cautious of enemy aircraft equipped with bombs or powerful guns, as they can easily destroy the Vickers Mk.E. Staying near tree lines to avoid detection and relying on friendly SPAAs units for air defense is advisable, given the Vickers Mk.E's limited anti-aircraft capabilities.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

* [[Pz.II (Family)|Pz.II]] and other tanks with autocannons can easily shred your armor and modules. It's best to avoid head-on engagements; if forced into one, try to fire first before they start spraying.
* [[:Category:Anti-aircraft vehicles|SPAAs]] - Nearly every anti-aircraft vehicle at the tier can penetrate and destroy the Vickers Mk.E with ease, thanks to their high rates of fire. It's crucial to engage SPAAs preemptively. Certain underestimated SPAAs like the French [[P.7.T AA]], [[CCKW 353 AA]], and the American [[M15 CGMC]] should be noted, as their weapons are capable of efficiently disabling a Vickers Mk.E, despite lacking 20mm autocannons.
* The [[D2]] and some other French tanks have over 40mm of armor, which can be difficult to penetrate at range or when angled. It's advised to avoid frontal engagements or shots beyond 500m. Instead, move closer to increase penetration chances.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* The APHE round has a adequate penetration and inflicts potent post-penetration damage.
* Very short reload time.
* Fairly accurate gun at short to medium ranges.
* Adequate gun depression.
* Favorable ammo rack positioning (reduces chance of ammo detonation).

'''Cons:'''

* Poor protection; side armor can be penetrated even by light machine guns.
* Struggles against better-armored foes like the D2.
* Slow reverse speed.
* Poor turret traverse speed.
* Very bad acceleration from 0 km/h to cruise speed.

== History ==

The Vickers Mk.E, also called Vickers 6-ton was a private venture by Vickers to develop a lightweight, inexpensive, and easy-to-maintain tank intended primarily for infantry support. Various variants were created, including one armed only with machine guns, another equipped with a QF 3-pounder (47mm) gun and crewed by two members, and several variants developed by other nations.

For it's time, it represented a revolutionary design and served as inspiration for many other tanks, such as the Polish 7TP, the Finnish variant of the Mk.E with a 37mm cannon, and the famous T-26. The T-26, produced under license by the Soviet Union, featured minor modifications and the incorporation of domestically manufactured equipment, including a 45mm gun in place of the QF 3-pounder.

The Mk.E was patented in 1929 and presented to the British government. Despite its innovative two-man turret, the British Armed Forces showed little interest, preferring a mix of medium/heavy tanks and lightly armored tankettes. Vickers, however, saw great promise in the Mk.E and opted for proven concepts and equipment.

The tank utilized the reliable Armstrong Siddeley Puma, a petrol aviation-derived engine capable of 80-95 bhp (60-70 kW), achieving a speed of 22 mph (35 km/h). Its armor, consisting of riveted panels no thicker than 25mm (1 inch), made it vulnerable to anti-tank rifles and autocannons but facilitated inexpensive production and easy repair without advanced tools.

Despite these characteristics, the vehicle failed to satisfy the British Armed Forces and found greater success in the international market. It was exported to countries including the USSR, Greece, Poland, Bolivia, Siam, Finland, Portugal, China, and Bulgaria. A total of 153 units of the Vickers Mk.E were produced, with most remaining in service until the 1940s, when their obsolescence became apparent.

A variant, the Vickers Medium Dragon, was also developed as a tracked cargo vehicle. Adopted in small numbers by the British Army as artillery tractors, it was also utilized by China, India, and Thailand in limited quantities.
[[File:Vickers parola 1.jpg|thumb|458x458px|Finnish Vickers Mk.E]]
Finland emerged as a primary operator of the Vickers Mk.E, replacing its aging Renault FTs with this new design. Initially, early test models performed poorly and were deemed unfit for combat by Finnish standards. However, the improved Vickers-Carden-Loyd Model 1933 exhibited significantly better cross-country performance and was actually praised by its its ease of handling. Consequently, the B model, equipped with an anti-tank gun deemed superior to the A model's machine guns, was introduced into service.

An order for 32 tanks was placed at £4,500 each, omitting radio, optics, and armament to reduce costs. Deliveries occurred between 1937 and 1939, but many issues like the escalation in Europe, overheating problems with the engines and delivery delays resulted in only 10 tanks being ready by 1939, despite 26 being delivered.

Due to the lack of equipment, the tanks were outfitted with a licensed version of the 37mm Bofors anti-tank gun, adapted for tank use with superior armor penetration capabilities compared to the 47mm gun offered by Vickers. Homemade straight-through telescopic sights with a simple crosshair reticles were produced and their poor quality proved lethal in combat, and were criticized by tank crews as junky and unpleasant. As a stopgap measure during the Winter War, some vehicles were armed with the same guns as Renault FTs, training tanks also used this configuration as well as a M/09-31 Maxim machine gun in a semi-coaxial housing on the right side of the Puteaux gun.

By 1941 and during the Continuation War, the remaining Vickers Mk.E were rearmed with Soviet 45mm cannons that proved much more lethal, as well as 7.62mm DT machine guns with a much higher rate of fire and more reliability. Despite these modifications, the tanks performed poorly during both conflicts, increasingly so as more advanced Soviet designs like the BT-7 and T-34 appeared on the battlefield.

The Vickers Mk.E's most notable engagement was during the Battle of Honkaniemi, where, after three hours, the attack was cancelled with less than half of the tanks reaching the starting point. Some became immobilized in rugged terrain, while others struggled with communication among allied forces. Five tanks were knocked out of the fight, but only one was able to be retrieved to the starting point. Finland's lack of experience with armored formations, coupled with inadequate equipment such as poor optics, lack of radios, and inexperienced crews, proved fatal against the numerically superior Soviet forces at Honkaniemi.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=sw_vickers_mk_e_37 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


* [[T-26 (Family)]]

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/finland/vickers-6-ton-in-finnish-service/ Vickers Mark E Type B in Finnish Service - Tank Encyclopedia]
* [https://tank-afv.com/ww2/gb/vickers_6-ton-light-tank.php Vickers 6-Ton (Mark E) 1929 - Tank-afv]
* [[wikipedia:Vickers_6-ton|Vickers 6-ton - Wikipedia]]

{{Manufacturer Vickers-Armstrongs}}
{{Sweden light tanks}}

L6/40 (31 Rgt.)

2024-06-04T04:43:55Z

U52930991: added hyperlink to Update 1.85 "Supersonic"

{{About
|about= Italian premium light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage = the regular version
|link = L6/40
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=it_l6_leone
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_L6-40_(31_Rgt.).jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The L6/40 is a tracked light tank made by Ansaldo for the Royal Italian army during the 1940s. The L6/40 was based on a heavily modified L3 chassis, keeping the two-person crew, but with an increase in firepower, protection, and mobility. This particular example of the L6/40 was used by the Italian 31st Regiment to counter guerrilla warfare in the Balkans, particularly in Albania between 1942 and 1943. These L6/40s would also provide protection to key infrastructure in captured Yugoslavian territory. The Italian army would operate up to 55 units of this vehicle in that theatre. Notably, this particular L6/40 tank bears a painted Lion emblem, which served as a symbolic mascot for the stationed troops. After the armistice, most of the units operating there would be taken by the German army.

Introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]], the L6/40's armament is more than sufficient for its battle rating as the majority of the enemies it will face do not have a lot of armour. It also has great turret rotation which is something which will be useful when flanking or when being flanked. Its mobility is also adequate; however, what it lacks in is survivability. The crew placement means that a well placed shot will instantly destroy your vehicle and, due to the lacklustre armour, you will more often than not be taken out even by low calibre guns. It's best if you stick with your more armoured allies if you wish to stay in the fight longer.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, turret, gun mantlet)
* Cast homogeneous armour (hull rear: centre housing)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 30 mm (11°) ''Upper plate'' 15-20 mm (75°) ''Upper glacis'' 30 mm (6°) ''Lower plate'' 15 mm (70°) ''Lower glacis'' || 15 mm || 15 mm || 15-20 mm (15°) ''Upper glacis'' 10 mm ''Centre section'' 10 mm (20°) ''Rear section''
|-
| Turret || 25 mm (cylindrical) ''Turret front'' 30 mm ''Gun mantlet'' 40 mm (12°) ''Turret frame'' || 15 mm || 25 mm (16°) ''Hatch'' 15 mm (16°) || 10 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 15 mm thick while bogies are 10 mm thick.
* Mudguards are 5 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=105|rbMinHp=60}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Breda Mod.35 (20 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Breda Mod.35 (20 mm)|20 mm Breda Mod.35]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 280 (8) || rowspan="2" | 240 || rowspan="2" | -12°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 22.8 || 31.6 || 38.4 || 42.5 || 45.2 || rowspan="2" | 7.80 || rowspan="2" | 6.90 || rowspan="2" | 6.36 || rowspan="2" | 6.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.3 || 16.8 || 20.4 || 22.6 || 24.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}
* '''Perforante mod.35:''' {{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}
* '''PzGr 40:''' {{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}

{{:Breda Mod.35 (20 mm)/Ammunition|HEFI-T*, API-T, HVAP-T}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_L6-40.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the L6/40 (identical).]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''35''' || 29 ''(+6)'' || 24 ''(+11)'' || 23 ''(+12)'' || 22 ''(+13)'' || 13 ''(+22)'' || 8 ''(+27)'' || 1 ''(+34)''|| No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Ammunition is modeled as clips of 8 rounds.
* Clips disappear after having been shot/loaded.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|Breda Mod. 38 (8 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Breda Mod. 38 (8 mm)|8 mm Breda Mod. 38]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,536 (24) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


;Combat tactics

The L6/40 possesses a level of versatility which allows it to play in a variety of roles with varying efficiency. As a frontline tank, one must maintain a short engagement distance (up to 200 m if possible) and exploit its small size to hide in almost all types of cover. The autocannon's efficiency will allow the player to dispatch of most enemies even frontally, and can knock out cannon barrels and tracks if it is unable to.

Flanking is another way to best use the tank's advantages. It is relatively mobile and the autocannon will be more reliable against the side armour of the enemy vehicles. Additionally, by flanking, one will artificially increase the L6/40's survivability, as it is not going to be the main target of fire in the initial stages of the player's ambush. This removes the reliance on the protection which, as previously mentioned, is not an aspect that will consistently save it.

Playing at range and sniping is almost pointless as the armament quickly loses penetration over range and struggles to penetrate even lightly armoured opponents.

Whichever playstyle one chooses, it is important to always play to the strengths of the vehicle, mainly the automatic armament and reactive turret traverse speed.

;Notable enemies

* Heavily armoured tanks that can negate the 20 mm rounds such as the [[FCM.36]], [[S.35]], and [[Valentine Mk I]].
* Tanks with sloped armour that can ricochet the rounds such as the [[H.39]], [[T-60]], [[T-70]], or [[T-80]].

;How to defeat a L6/40

Stay at a distance of at least 500 m to negate its firepower. If the L6/40's armour profile is unangled, fire at the front plate underneath the turret to guarantee the incapacitation of the crew. If the tank is heavily angled, a shot into the very thin side armour will likely penetrate. Finally, if the L6/40 is adequately angled and neither the front nor side can be penetrated, the player's best shot is to fire at the corner plate between the front and side, which normalizes upon angling. This is one's only chance to fire at a flat plate in this situation.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Potent armament with good penetration and damage output
* Great turret rotation
* Good acceleration
* Adequate mobility

'''Cons:'''

* Poor suspension damping, it takes about 2 seconds to settle after stopping the vehicle
* Limited crew of 2
* Low rate of fire
* Limited magazines of 8 rounds
* Hull side can be penetrated by 0.50 cal machine guns

== History ==

{{main|L6/40#History|l1=History of the L6/40}}

'''Service in the 31 Rgt.'''

This particular example of the L6/40 was used by the Italian 31 Rgt to counter guerrilla warfare in the Balkans, specifically in Albania in the years of 1942 and 1943. This L6/40 would also provide protection to key infrastructure in captured Yugoslavian territory. The Italian army would operate up to 55 units of this vehicle in that theatre. This L6/40 has a Lion painted on it, which acted as a sort of mascot for troops stationed there. After the armistice most of the units operating there would be taken by the German army.

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

'''Skins'''

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=it_l6 Skins and camouflages for the L6/40 from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


* [[L6/40]]
* [[L3/33 CC]]

== External links ==


* https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/413285-carro-armato-l640/

{{TankManufacturer FIAT-Ansaldo}}
{{Italy light tanks}}
{{Italy premium ground vehicles}}

J-8B

2024-06-04T03:32:20Z

U52930991: fixed hyperlink of Update "Wind of Change"

{{About
| about = Chinese jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = J-8F
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=j_8b
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The J-8B (Chinese: 歼-8B型歼击机) and known by its nickname "Mr. Handsome in Air" (空中美男子) or NATO codename of "Finback", was one of the cornerstones of PLAAF before the 2000s that was developed from a revised design of the previous J-8I series with nose intake and inferior avionics. The jet was developed in early 1980s to compete with its intended foe: MiG-23 Floggers with overall superior performance to the first series J-8. However, the results of war in the Middle East proved J-8II should be aimed for even tougher enemies like F-16A, thus the prototype was planned for upgrades that could only be achieved by early 1990s with 1960s-equivalent avionics. These were the Block 2 of J-8II with a slightly upgraded radar for serial production and have served PLAAF for a decade until they were upgraded to later variants with new avionics, one of these jets also played a major part in the ongoing Sino-American conflicts and left its name in the pages of history.

Introduced in [[Update "Wind of Change"]] and being the first jet at the time of introduction to have SARH and search radar for the PLAAF, it retains a good top-speed and sufficient manoeuvrability for such a huge jet. The J-8B is more than 20 m in length and 5.4 m in height, making it the largest of the Rank VII fighters in all dimensions except wingspan, but it has a lower empty weight than the [[F-4 Phantom II (Family)|F-4 Phantom]] or even the [[MiG-23 (Family)|MiG-23]]. With two WP-13 engines and very clean aerodynamics, the J-8B has excellent acceleration and climb to fit its role as a high-altitude interceptor and can still turn well enough to dogfight in a pinch - quite apropos to its NATO reporting name of a long yet sleek whale.

However the J-8B is still an early model of the J-8II series and has some quirks. The domestic Type 208A radar has comparable performance to the Mig-21's Sapfir-22 Fire-control radar with twice the maximum range and a 120 degree sweep angle but no boresight targeting option. It is also limited to only 4 air-to-air missiles. Although the J-8B cannot go toe-to-toe with dedicated BVR fighters like the [[F-4J Phantom II|F-4J]] and [[F-4EJ Kai Phantom II|F-4EJ Kai]], it can still be successful if used with some caution and complements the J-7E well.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

To sum up what a J-8 series looks like, "a Fishbed on steroids" would be very fitting since the overall design was literally an enlarged version of the J-7 with 2 turbojet engines: the later J-8II series revised the front of the airframe and introduced side intakes for a more streamline design. This size is also a drawback of the J-8B since it becomes a much larger target than its tech-tree predecessor, [[J-7E]].

Thanks to technological improvements over the decades, the J-8B equips two AECC Shenyang Liming WP-13A-II turbojet engines, improving the overall speed and climb rate over the J-8I (the J-8II was the fastest, highest climb rate jet in the PLAAF service until the introduction of Su-27SK/J-11 Flanker-B/L). The use of composite material also reduced its weight, while it retained its good manoeuvrability for such a large interceptor thanks to reworked elevators. However, just like any delta wing jets, any high AoA manoeuvres would be at the cost of severe speed bleeding; although the twin engines do mitigate some of the problem with their high acceleration, it is still advised to fly the J-8B as an interceptor instead of a turn-fighter, hit-and-run or high altitude operations is where it shines.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 12,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,226 || 2,206 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 27.8 || 28.7 || 167.4 || 159.6 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| 2,385 || 2,300 || 26.4 || 27.0 || 235.8 || 200.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,365  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 525 || 450 || ~12 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 650 || < 600 || < 900 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Shenyang Liming WP-13A-II || 2
| colspan="2" | 9,947 kg || colspan="3" | ___ kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 35m fuel
|-
| 1,140 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
| 11,243 kg || 12,362 kg || 13,570 kg || 14,267 kg || _,___ kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 35m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 3,825 kgf || 6,483 kgf
| 1.15 || 1.05 || 0.96 || 0.91 || _.__
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 3,825 kgf (0 km/h) || 6,977 kgf (1,200 km/h)
| 1.24 || 1.13 || 1.03 || 0.98 || _.__
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

As with many jet aircraft, the J-8B has self-sealing fuel tanks, as well as a 65 mm bulletproof glass windshield and a 16 mm plate behind the pilot's seat.

* 16 mm Steel plate - Rear of cockpit, behind the seat
* 65 mm Bulletproof glass - Windshield

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Cross}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Type 23-3 (23 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** 1 x 23 mm Type 23-3 cannon, belly-mounted (200 rpg)
** 1 x 23 mm Type 23-3 cannon + 64 x large calibre countermeasures

The J-8B is the first Chinese aircraft in War Thunder to be equipped with the Type 23-3 cannon, which is a copy of the Soviet [[GSh-23L (23 mm)|GSh-23L]] seen on the [[MiG-23 (Family)|MiG-23]] and most [[MiG-21 (Family)|MiG-21]] models. Compared to the J-7E's lone 30 mm cannon, the Type 23-3 has a much higher rate of fire and more ammunition, but poorer ballistics and a lesser damage output.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="6%" | 1 !! width="6%" | 2 !! width="6%" | 3 !! width="6%" | 4 !! width="6%" | 5 !! width="6%" | 6 !! width="6%" | 7
| rowspan="8" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! [[250-3 (250 kg)|250 kg 250-3]] bombs
| || 1 || || 6 || || 1 ||
|-
! [[250-4 (250 kg)|250 kg 250-4]] bombs
| || 1 || || 6 || || 1 ||
|-
! [[500-3 (500 kg)|500 kg 500-3]] bombs
| || 1 || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[500-4 (500 kg)|500 kg 500-4]] bombs
| || 1 || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Type 90-1]] rockets
| 7 || 7 || || || || 7 || 7
|-
! [[Aspide-1A]] missiles
| || 1 || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[PL-5B]] missiles
| || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 ||
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* Without load
* 2 x PL-5B missiles
* 4 x PL-5B missiles
* 2 x Aspide-1A missiles
* 8 x 250 kg 250-3 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 8 x 250 kg 250-4 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg 500-3 bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg 500-4 bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 28 x Type 90-1 rockets
* 2 x PL-5B missiles + 2 x Aspide-1A missiles
* 2 x PL-5B missiles + 8 x 250 kg 250-3 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 4 x PL-5B missiles + 6 x 250 kg 250-3 bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 2 x PL-5B missiles + 6 x 250 kg 250-3 bombs + 2 x Aspide-1A missiles (1,500 kg total)
* 2 x PL-5B missiles + 28 x Type 90-1 rockets
{{Navigation-End}}

The J-8B's primary weapon is the PL-5B infrared homing missile that users of the previous J-7E will be very familiar with. It is still an excellent weapon with high manoeuvrability and acceleration, but it does not have an all-aspect seeker and cannot be used in head-ons.

A new asset is the Italian Aspide-1A semi-active radar homing missile, the first of its class available to any Chinese fighter. A derivative of the AIM-7 Sparrow, the Aspide looks about the same but has an improved rocket motor: its 25 G overload matches the [[Skyflash]] and its Mach 5.0 max speed is the best of any Sparrow model in the game. The Aspide offers a fast and deadly punch in head-ons or longer distances. However, it is held back by the J-8B's primitive radar, which lacks look-down/shoot-down capability and has limited range. In addition, only two can be carried.

For ground attack, the J-8B has access to Type 90-1 HEAT rockets and domestic 250/500 kg low-drag/retard bombs. It might not have the best payload among competitors, but having both missiles and bombs/rocket pods for multirole purpose is now possible thanks to the addition of ballistic computer; be extra careful on the speed and altitude- such a huge jet need more altitude to break-off from assaults. In case for a relatively safer approach, bring the Type 4 retard bombs with drag-chute when flying low.

== Usage in battles ==

The basic design of the J-8 series is aimed for high-altitude interception of supersonic strategic bombers and the J-8B is no exception, its excellent climb rate, top speed, and acceleration make it a high-flyer by all means. Don't be fooled by the sheer size of it, the aerodynamic and control surface features on the J-8B make it surprisingly manoeuvrable as its flight envelope is very similar to a MiG-21MF, if not better; while the size can be a problem as well due to the large surface area, it would be easy for other jets to land shots upon you.

The overall air-to-air weaponry and avionics are sufficient, though somewhat inferior to competitors. Neither the PL-5B IR AAM nor the Aspide-1A SARH AAM are limited by launch overload, which really helps when shooting down targets further than 1.5 km (both missiles need some distance before they can manoeuvre). The large calibre countermeasures help in mitigating the flaws in weaponry systems, but it is still advised not to rush into the battlefield.

Pilots of the J-8B should be extra cautious to any enemies that might appear. Although flying high can mitigate the affects of radar ground clutter if you choose to bring the '''Aspide-1A''' missiles ''(aka '''A弹 [A-missile]''' in PLAAF)'', it means the same for enemies' SARH missiles. If only bringing '''PL-5Bs''' into the fight, stay away from the heated battlefield, then fly in and pick up targets who has already used up their energy or unaware of your existence, a solid hit from a PL-5B can take down enemies with relative ease; do keep in mind that the missile is best used at distance over 1.5 km due to its immersive acceleration, the pylons without overload limitations really helps during interception of targets at lower altitude or revenge on foes who overtakes J-8B and didn't pull away from the player. If the player decides to bring the Aspide-1A missiles in case of a head-on, a special note for J-8B is that due to the overall inferior performance of the SL-5A (208A) radar, tune the radar to 60 km acquisition range and under short scan width (with a very narrow channel of scanning) for best performance against enemy jets; it is suggested to assault targets within 10 km radius and at higher altitude for better radar acquisition - the performance of Aspide-1A is likely to blow the enemies into pieces with ease; try to keep enemy on track as much as possible before Aspide hits the target. While bringing bombs and rocket pods are viable thanks to the addition of ballistic computer, players has to be extra careful on where they should appear as jets at this size need more room for any manoeuvre; but once the jet is in a good position out of enemy detection, the payload can still make short work of enemies while still leaving some chances to take down high-altitude targets; choose low-drag or retard bombs depending how would players like to approach enemy ground targets.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High acceleration and top speed
* Surprisingly manoeuvrable for its size
* The first Chinese jet with SARH missiles
* Large-calibre countermeasures like those on the [[MiG-23 (Family)|MiG-23]]
* Sufficient air-to-ground ordnance

'''Cons:'''

* Huge size relative to its predecessors
* Small ammo pool at only 200 rounds
* Bleeds speed severely in manoeuvres
* Inferior avionics to its counterparts such as [[F-4EJ Phantom II|F-4EJ]]
* Radar is notoriously unreliable, no PD capability nor an ACM feature.

== History ==

{{main|J-8 (Family)#History|l1=History of the J-8 family}}

=== Background ===
In view of harassment from high-altitude reconnaissance planes and supersonic strategic bombers from both US and USSR in early 1960s, Xu Shunshou (徐舜寿) and Huang Zhiqian (黄志千), the duo of designers from Shenyang Aircraft Corporation (SAC) who had just finished the JJ-1 (歼教-1) program, soon started their design on a new interceptor. There were 22 designs for the new interceptor and most of them opted for a single-engine version, while Huang Zhiqian decided to leave a twin-engine design in case the development of the new engine would lag the entire program. After an intense debate on whether the new engine would be made in time, Huang's design, dubbed "Roast Duck" (烤鸭), using 2 existing WP-7 engines from J-7, became the design SAC opted for. This design was given the green light on 17th May 1965 as the J-8 (歼-8).

Although the development of the J-8I was smooth sailing, during the ground tests and stress test, the first prototype was proved unsafe to do test flights and the failure of the first stress test almost gave the J-8I its death sentence; this was further intensified by the deaths of the designer duo due to different incidents. The new chief designer, Gu Songfen (顾诵芬) continued the project with their wills and finally rectified its manufacturing flaws. The J-8I finally made its first flight on 5th July 1969. However, SAC took a whole decade to finalise the aerodynamic design of the J-8I and the new jet only passed for state certification in the very last hours of 1979.

=== J-8II ===
Although later simulated dogfights with J-7 proved the J-8I was superior to the former in many aspects, the MiG-23 (NATO: Flogger) was becoming a big threat to the PLAAF with better avionics. Although a MiG-23SM had been obtained from Egypt for evaluation, instead of reverse-engineering a domestic Flogger, they opted for a more streamlined design with side intakes based on the Flogger, as well as the first Chinese jet to utilize composite materials on wings and stabilizer for weight reduction. The redesigned the J-8II made its first flight on 12th June 1984 with new technologies utilized during manufacture as well as for SARH missiles.

The 1980s also marked a better relationship with western countries, SAC then sought Grumman to upgrade the J-8II into a modernized jet dubbed "Project 8-2" or Peace Pearl (八二工程/和平珍珠) with the latest avionics from the F-16C. However, the 1989 Beijing Crackdown halted this program and it was eventually cancelled in 1990 in view of importing new Su-27 Flankers from the Soviet Union. While the Project 8-2 and later Project 8-3 (J-8C) failed, SAC finalised the radar and the J-8II Block 2/J-8B passed certification in 1995. With later models of the J-8II series produced in the late 1990s and 2000s, these earlier J-8B were mostly upgraded to newer standards (D with refuel probe; H,F with better avionics and missiles); the remaining combat-capable J-8II series were decommissioned by the very last Air Force brigade in Western Theatre Command <ref>https://new.qq.com/omn/20220606/20220606A073IC00.html</ref>, marking the end of J-8II in combat service and only a recon brigade in Chongming, Shanghai still operate the very last dozen of JZ-8F recon.

=== The Spiritual Number: 81192 ===
The default skin for J-8B includes the number "81192" painted on the sides outside of cockpit, this number has become the spiritual number of military enthusiasts and players in Mainland China due to the [[wikipedia:Hainan_Island_incident|Hainan Island Incident]] between the PLANAF and USN.

On 1st April 2001, an EP-3 (BuNo. 156511) from VQ-1 of the USN stationed at Okinawa, piloted by Lieutenant Commander Shane Osborn was conducting a reconnaissance flight close to Hainan Island, where a pair of J-8B from Hainan Lingshui Airbase intercepted them; one of the J-8B, piloted by Major Wang Wei (王伟) from 27 Brigade, 9th Division of PLANAF, accidentally rammed the EP-3's left wing and was severely damaged by the propellers, his jet crashed into the South China Sea and the EP-3 made an emergency landing at Lingshui Airbase. Although Wang Wei was witnessed to have ejected, after weeks of searching, he was declared KIA and was posthumously given martyr and the "Guardian of Sea and Air" (海空卫士) title by PLA.

This incident further ignited the backlash towards the US in Mainland China after multiple diplomatic incidents during the 1990s; the EP-3 was then disassembled and sent back to USN with an Antonov AN-124 and the incident ended with an official apology from the US Government.

A decade later, photos from a photographer in Mainland China proved that the J-8B numbered 81192 was still in service in the early 2010s (but upgraded to J-8BH standards with a black radome); later rediscovery of magazine photos showed that a model of the J-8B given to Ruan Guoqin (阮国琴), widow of Wang Wei, was numbered 81194. The debate of whether 92 or 94 was the jet involved still continues, but the number 81192 has already become the symbol of the long-lasting Sino-US conflicts and there are memorial events every year at Wang Wei's cenotaph at Huzhou, Zhejiang.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=j_8b Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|5E2X7q_tIgM|'''The Shooting Range #306''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:26 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


* [[MiG-23 (Family)|MiG-23]]

== External links ==


=== References ===
<references />

{{AirManufacturer Shenyang}}
{{China jet aircraft}}

J-8B

2024-06-04T03:30:01Z

U52930991: Undo revision 187030 by U52930991 (talk)

{{About
| about = Chinese jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = J-8F
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=j_8b
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The J-8B (Chinese: 歼-8B型歼击机) and known by its nickname "Mr. Handsome in Air" (空中美男子) or NATO codename of "Finback", was one of the cornerstones of PLAAF before the 2000s that was developed from a revised design of the previous J-8I series with nose intake and inferior avionics. The jet was developed in early 1980s to compete with its intended foe: MiG-23 Floggers with overall superior performance to the first series J-8. However, the results of war in the Middle East proved J-8II should be aimed for even tougher enemies like F-16A, thus the prototype was planned for upgrades that could only be achieved by early 1990s with 1960s-equivalent avionics. These were the Block 2 of J-8II with a slightly upgraded radar for serial production and have served PLAAF for a decade until they were upgraded to later variants with new avionics, one of these jets also played a major part in the ongoing Sino-American conflicts and left its name in the pages of history.

Introduced in [[Update "Wind of Change"|Update "Wind of Change]] and being the first jet at the time of introduction to have SARH and search radar for the PLAAF, it retains a good top-speed and sufficient manoeuvrability for such a huge jet. The J-8B is more than 20 m in length and 5.4 m in height, making it the largest of the Rank VII fighters in all dimensions except wingspan, but it has a lower empty weight than the [[F-4 Phantom II (Family)|F-4 Phantom]] or even the [[MiG-23 (Family)|MiG-23]]. With two WP-13 engines and very clean aerodynamics, the J-8B has excellent acceleration and climb to fit its role as a high-altitude interceptor and can still turn well enough to dogfight in a pinch - quite apropos to its NATO reporting name of a long yet sleek whale.

However the J-8B is still an early model of the J-8II series and has some quirks. The domestic Type 208A radar has comparable performance to the Mig-21's Sapfir-22 Fire-control radar with twice the maximum range and a 120 degree sweep angle but no boresight targeting option. It is also limited to only 4 air-to-air missiles. Although the J-8B cannot go toe-to-toe with dedicated BVR fighters like the [[F-4J Phantom II|F-4J]] and [[F-4EJ Kai Phantom II|F-4EJ Kai]], it can still be successful if used with some caution and complements the J-7E well.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

To sum up what a J-8 series looks like, "a Fishbed on steroids" would be very fitting since the overall design was literally an enlarged version of the J-7 with 2 turbojet engines: the later J-8II series revised the front of the airframe and introduced side intakes for a more streamline design. This size is also a drawback of the J-8B since it becomes a much larger target than its tech-tree predecessor, [[J-7E]].

Thanks to technological improvements over the decades, the J-8B equips two AECC Shenyang Liming WP-13A-II turbojet engines, improving the overall speed and climb rate over the J-8I (the J-8II was the fastest, highest climb rate jet in the PLAAF service until the introduction of Su-27SK/J-11 Flanker-B/L). The use of composite material also reduced its weight, while it retained its good manoeuvrability for such a large interceptor thanks to reworked elevators. However, just like any delta wing jets, any high AoA manoeuvres would be at the cost of severe speed bleeding; although the twin engines do mitigate some of the problem with their high acceleration, it is still advised to fly the J-8B as an interceptor instead of a turn-fighter, hit-and-run or high altitude operations is where it shines.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 12,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,226 || 2,206 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 27.8 || 28.7 || 167.4 || 159.6 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| 2,385 || 2,300 || 26.4 || 27.0 || 235.8 || 200.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,365  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 525 || 450 || ~12 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 650 || < 600 || < 900 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Shenyang Liming WP-13A-II || 2
| colspan="2" | 9,947 kg || colspan="3" | ___ kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 35m fuel
|-
| 1,140 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
| 11,243 kg || 12,362 kg || 13,570 kg || 14,267 kg || _,___ kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 35m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 3,825 kgf || 6,483 kgf
| 1.15 || 1.05 || 0.96 || 0.91 || _.__
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 3,825 kgf (0 km/h) || 6,977 kgf (1,200 km/h)
| 1.24 || 1.13 || 1.03 || 0.98 || _.__
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

As with many jet aircraft, the J-8B has self-sealing fuel tanks, as well as a 65 mm bulletproof glass windshield and a 16 mm plate behind the pilot's seat.

* 16 mm Steel plate - Rear of cockpit, behind the seat
* 65 mm Bulletproof glass - Windshield

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Cross}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Type 23-3 (23 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** 1 x 23 mm Type 23-3 cannon, belly-mounted (200 rpg)
** 1 x 23 mm Type 23-3 cannon + 64 x large calibre countermeasures

The J-8B is the first Chinese aircraft in War Thunder to be equipped with the Type 23-3 cannon, which is a copy of the Soviet [[GSh-23L (23 mm)|GSh-23L]] seen on the [[MiG-23 (Family)|MiG-23]] and most [[MiG-21 (Family)|MiG-21]] models. Compared to the J-7E's lone 30 mm cannon, the Type 23-3 has a much higher rate of fire and more ammunition, but poorer ballistics and a lesser damage output.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="6%" | 1 !! width="6%" | 2 !! width="6%" | 3 !! width="6%" | 4 !! width="6%" | 5 !! width="6%" | 6 !! width="6%" | 7
| rowspan="8" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! [[250-3 (250 kg)|250 kg 250-3]] bombs
| || 1 || || 6 || || 1 ||
|-
! [[250-4 (250 kg)|250 kg 250-4]] bombs
| || 1 || || 6 || || 1 ||
|-
! [[500-3 (500 kg)|500 kg 500-3]] bombs
| || 1 || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[500-4 (500 kg)|500 kg 500-4]] bombs
| || 1 || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Type 90-1]] rockets
| 7 || 7 || || || || 7 || 7
|-
! [[Aspide-1A]] missiles
| || 1 || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[PL-5B]] missiles
| || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 ||
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* Without load
* 2 x PL-5B missiles
* 4 x PL-5B missiles
* 2 x Aspide-1A missiles
* 8 x 250 kg 250-3 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 8 x 250 kg 250-4 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg 500-3 bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg 500-4 bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 28 x Type 90-1 rockets
* 2 x PL-5B missiles + 2 x Aspide-1A missiles
* 2 x PL-5B missiles + 8 x 250 kg 250-3 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 4 x PL-5B missiles + 6 x 250 kg 250-3 bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 2 x PL-5B missiles + 6 x 250 kg 250-3 bombs + 2 x Aspide-1A missiles (1,500 kg total)
* 2 x PL-5B missiles + 28 x Type 90-1 rockets
{{Navigation-End}}

The J-8B's primary weapon is the PL-5B infrared homing missile that users of the previous J-7E will be very familiar with. It is still an excellent weapon with high manoeuvrability and acceleration, but it does not have an all-aspect seeker and cannot be used in head-ons.

A new asset is the Italian Aspide-1A semi-active radar homing missile, the first of its class available to any Chinese fighter. A derivative of the AIM-7 Sparrow, the Aspide looks about the same but has an improved rocket motor: its 25 G overload matches the [[Skyflash]] and its Mach 5.0 max speed is the best of any Sparrow model in the game. The Aspide offers a fast and deadly punch in head-ons or longer distances. However, it is held back by the J-8B's primitive radar, which lacks look-down/shoot-down capability and has limited range. In addition, only two can be carried.

For ground attack, the J-8B has access to Type 90-1 HEAT rockets and domestic 250/500 kg low-drag/retard bombs. It might not have the best payload among competitors, but having both missiles and bombs/rocket pods for multirole purpose is now possible thanks to the addition of ballistic computer; be extra careful on the speed and altitude- such a huge jet need more altitude to break-off from assaults. In case for a relatively safer approach, bring the Type 4 retard bombs with drag-chute when flying low.

== Usage in battles ==

The basic design of the J-8 series is aimed for high-altitude interception of supersonic strategic bombers and the J-8B is no exception, its excellent climb rate, top speed, and acceleration make it a high-flyer by all means. Don't be fooled by the sheer size of it, the aerodynamic and control surface features on the J-8B make it surprisingly manoeuvrable as its flight envelope is very similar to a MiG-21MF, if not better; while the size can be a problem as well due to the large surface area, it would be easy for other jets to land shots upon you.

The overall air-to-air weaponry and avionics are sufficient, though somewhat inferior to competitors. Neither the PL-5B IR AAM nor the Aspide-1A SARH AAM are limited by launch overload, which really helps when shooting down targets further than 1.5 km (both missiles need some distance before they can manoeuvre). The large calibre countermeasures help in mitigating the flaws in weaponry systems, but it is still advised not to rush into the battlefield.

Pilots of the J-8B should be extra cautious to any enemies that might appear. Although flying high can mitigate the affects of radar ground clutter if you choose to bring the '''Aspide-1A''' missiles ''(aka '''A弹 [A-missile]''' in PLAAF)'', it means the same for enemies' SARH missiles. If only bringing '''PL-5Bs''' into the fight, stay away from the heated battlefield, then fly in and pick up targets who has already used up their energy or unaware of your existence, a solid hit from a PL-5B can take down enemies with relative ease; do keep in mind that the missile is best used at distance over 1.5 km due to its immersive acceleration, the pylons without overload limitations really helps during interception of targets at lower altitude or revenge on foes who overtakes J-8B and didn't pull away from the player. If the player decides to bring the Aspide-1A missiles in case of a head-on, a special note for J-8B is that due to the overall inferior performance of the SL-5A (208A) radar, tune the radar to 60 km acquisition range and under short scan width (with a very narrow channel of scanning) for best performance against enemy jets; it is suggested to assault targets within 10 km radius and at higher altitude for better radar acquisition - the performance of Aspide-1A is likely to blow the enemies into pieces with ease; try to keep enemy on track as much as possible before Aspide hits the target. While bringing bombs and rocket pods are viable thanks to the addition of ballistic computer, players has to be extra careful on where they should appear as jets at this size need more room for any manoeuvre; but once the jet is in a good position out of enemy detection, the payload can still make short work of enemies while still leaving some chances to take down high-altitude targets; choose low-drag or retard bombs depending how would players like to approach enemy ground targets.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High acceleration and top speed
* Surprisingly manoeuvrable for its size
* The first Chinese jet with SARH missiles
* Large-calibre countermeasures like those on the [[MiG-23 (Family)|MiG-23]]
* Sufficient air-to-ground ordnance

'''Cons:'''

* Huge size relative to its predecessors
* Small ammo pool at only 200 rounds
* Bleeds speed severely in manoeuvres
* Inferior avionics to its counterparts such as [[F-4EJ Phantom II|F-4EJ]]
* Radar is notoriously unreliable, no PD capability nor an ACM feature.

== History ==

{{main|J-8 (Family)#History|l1=History of the J-8 family}}

=== Background ===
In view of harassment from high-altitude reconnaissance planes and supersonic strategic bombers from both US and USSR in early 1960s, Xu Shunshou (徐舜寿) and Huang Zhiqian (黄志千), the duo of designers from Shenyang Aircraft Corporation (SAC) who had just finished the JJ-1 (歼教-1) program, soon started their design on a new interceptor. There were 22 designs for the new interceptor and most of them opted for a single-engine version, while Huang Zhiqian decided to leave a twin-engine design in case the development of the new engine would lag the entire program. After an intense debate on whether the new engine would be made in time, Huang's design, dubbed "Roast Duck" (烤鸭), using 2 existing WP-7 engines from J-7, became the design SAC opted for. This design was given the green light on 17th May 1965 as the J-8 (歼-8).

Although the development of the J-8I was smooth sailing, during the ground tests and stress test, the first prototype was proved unsafe to do test flights and the failure of the first stress test almost gave the J-8I its death sentence; this was further intensified by the deaths of the designer duo due to different incidents. The new chief designer, Gu Songfen (顾诵芬) continued the project with their wills and finally rectified its manufacturing flaws. The J-8I finally made its first flight on 5th July 1969. However, SAC took a whole decade to finalise the aerodynamic design of the J-8I and the new jet only passed for state certification in the very last hours of 1979.

=== J-8II ===
Although later simulated dogfights with J-7 proved the J-8I was superior to the former in many aspects, the MiG-23 (NATO: Flogger) was becoming a big threat to the PLAAF with better avionics. Although a MiG-23SM had been obtained from Egypt for evaluation, instead of reverse-engineering a domestic Flogger, they opted for a more streamlined design with side intakes based on the Flogger, as well as the first Chinese jet to utilize composite materials on wings and stabilizer for weight reduction. The redesigned the J-8II made its first flight on 12th June 1984 with new technologies utilized during manufacture as well as for SARH missiles.

The 1980s also marked a better relationship with western countries, SAC then sought Grumman to upgrade the J-8II into a modernized jet dubbed "Project 8-2" or Peace Pearl (八二工程/和平珍珠) with the latest avionics from the F-16C. However, the 1989 Beijing Crackdown halted this program and it was eventually cancelled in 1990 in view of importing new Su-27 Flankers from the Soviet Union. While the Project 8-2 and later Project 8-3 (J-8C) failed, SAC finalised the radar and the J-8II Block 2/J-8B passed certification in 1995. With later models of the J-8II series produced in the late 1990s and 2000s, these earlier J-8B were mostly upgraded to newer standards (D with refuel probe; H,F with better avionics and missiles); the remaining combat-capable J-8II series were decommissioned by the very last Air Force brigade in Western Theatre Command <ref>https://new.qq.com/omn/20220606/20220606A073IC00.html</ref>, marking the end of J-8II in combat service and only a recon brigade in Chongming, Shanghai still operate the very last dozen of JZ-8F recon.

=== The Spiritual Number: 81192 ===
The default skin for J-8B includes the number "81192" painted on the sides outside of cockpit, this number has become the spiritual number of military enthusiasts and players in Mainland China due to the [[wikipedia:Hainan_Island_incident|Hainan Island Incident]] between the PLANAF and USN.

On 1st April 2001, an EP-3 (BuNo. 156511) from VQ-1 of the USN stationed at Okinawa, piloted by Lieutenant Commander Shane Osborn was conducting a reconnaissance flight close to Hainan Island, where a pair of J-8B from Hainan Lingshui Airbase intercepted them; one of the J-8B, piloted by Major Wang Wei (王伟) from 27 Brigade, 9th Division of PLANAF, accidentally rammed the EP-3's left wing and was severely damaged by the propellers, his jet crashed into the South China Sea and the EP-3 made an emergency landing at Lingshui Airbase. Although Wang Wei was witnessed to have ejected, after weeks of searching, he was declared KIA and was posthumously given martyr and the "Guardian of Sea and Air" (海空卫士) title by PLA.

This incident further ignited the backlash towards the US in Mainland China after multiple diplomatic incidents during the 1990s; the EP-3 was then disassembled and sent back to USN with an Antonov AN-124 and the incident ended with an official apology from the US Government.

A decade later, photos from a photographer in Mainland China proved that the J-8B numbered 81192 was still in service in the early 2010s (but upgraded to J-8BH standards with a black radome); later rediscovery of magazine photos showed that a model of the J-8B given to Ruan Guoqin (阮国琴), widow of Wang Wei, was numbered 81194. The debate of whether 92 or 94 was the jet involved still continues, but the number 81192 has already become the symbol of the long-lasting Sino-US conflicts and there are memorial events every year at Wang Wei's cenotaph at Huzhou, Zhejiang.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=j_8b Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|5E2X7q_tIgM|'''The Shooting Range #306''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:26 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


* [[MiG-23 (Family)|MiG-23]]

== External links ==


=== References ===
<references />

{{AirManufacturer Shenyang}}
{{China jet aircraft}}

J-8B

2024-06-04T03:28:28Z

U52930991: added " at the end of Update "Wind of Change

{{About
| about = Chinese jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = J-8F
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=j_8b
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The J-8B (Chinese: 歼-8B型歼击机) and known by its nickname "Mr. Handsome in Air" (空中美男子) or NATO codename of "Finback", was one of the cornerstones of PLAAF before the 2000s that was developed from a revised design of the previous J-8I series with nose intake and inferior avionics. The jet was developed in early 1980s to compete with its intended foe: MiG-23 Floggers with overall superior performance to the first series J-8. However, the results of war in the Middle East proved J-8II should be aimed for even tougher enemies like F-16A, thus the prototype was planned for upgrades that could only be achieved by early 1990s with 1960s-equivalent avionics. These were the Block 2 of J-8II with a slightly upgraded radar for serial production and have served PLAAF for a decade until they were upgraded to later variants with new avionics, one of these jets also played a major part in the ongoing Sino-American conflicts and left its name in the pages of history.

Introduced in [[Update "Wind of Change"|Update "Wind of Change]]" and being the first jet at the time of introduction to have SARH and search radar for the PLAAF, it retains a good top-speed and sufficient manoeuvrability for such a huge jet. The J-8B is more than 20 m in length and 5.4 m in height, making it the largest of the Rank VII fighters in all dimensions except wingspan, but it has a lower empty weight than the [[F-4 Phantom II (Family)|F-4 Phantom]] or even the [[MiG-23 (Family)|MiG-23]]. With two WP-13 engines and very clean aerodynamics, the J-8B has excellent acceleration and climb to fit its role as a high-altitude interceptor and can still turn well enough to dogfight in a pinch - quite apropos to its NATO reporting name of a long yet sleek whale.

However the J-8B is still an early model of the J-8II series and has some quirks. The domestic Type 208A radar has comparable performance to the Mig-21's Sapfir-22 Fire-control radar with twice the maximum range and a 120 degree sweep angle but no boresight targeting option. It is also limited to only 4 air-to-air missiles. Although the J-8B cannot go toe-to-toe with dedicated BVR fighters like the [[F-4J Phantom II|F-4J]] and [[F-4EJ Kai Phantom II|F-4EJ Kai]], it can still be successful if used with some caution and complements the J-7E well.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

To sum up what a J-8 series looks like, "a Fishbed on steroids" would be very fitting since the overall design was literally an enlarged version of the J-7 with 2 turbojet engines: the later J-8II series revised the front of the airframe and introduced side intakes for a more streamline design. This size is also a drawback of the J-8B since it becomes a much larger target than its tech-tree predecessor, [[J-7E]].

Thanks to technological improvements over the decades, the J-8B equips two AECC Shenyang Liming WP-13A-II turbojet engines, improving the overall speed and climb rate over the J-8I (the J-8II was the fastest, highest climb rate jet in the PLAAF service until the introduction of Su-27SK/J-11 Flanker-B/L). The use of composite material also reduced its weight, while it retained its good manoeuvrability for such a large interceptor thanks to reworked elevators. However, just like any delta wing jets, any high AoA manoeuvres would be at the cost of severe speed bleeding; although the twin engines do mitigate some of the problem with their high acceleration, it is still advised to fly the J-8B as an interceptor instead of a turn-fighter, hit-and-run or high altitude operations is where it shines.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 12,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,226 || 2,206 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 27.8 || 28.7 || 167.4 || 159.6 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| 2,385 || 2,300 || 26.4 || 27.0 || 235.8 || 200.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,365  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 525 || 450 || ~12 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 650 || < 600 || < 900 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Shenyang Liming WP-13A-II || 2
| colspan="2" | 9,947 kg || colspan="3" | ___ kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 35m fuel
|-
| 1,140 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
| 11,243 kg || 12,362 kg || 13,570 kg || 14,267 kg || _,___ kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 35m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 3,825 kgf || 6,483 kgf
| 1.15 || 1.05 || 0.96 || 0.91 || _.__
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 3,825 kgf (0 km/h) || 6,977 kgf (1,200 km/h)
| 1.24 || 1.13 || 1.03 || 0.98 || _.__
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

As with many jet aircraft, the J-8B has self-sealing fuel tanks, as well as a 65 mm bulletproof glass windshield and a 16 mm plate behind the pilot's seat.

* 16 mm Steel plate - Rear of cockpit, behind the seat
* 65 mm Bulletproof glass - Windshield

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Cross}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Type 23-3 (23 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** 1 x 23 mm Type 23-3 cannon, belly-mounted (200 rpg)
** 1 x 23 mm Type 23-3 cannon + 64 x large calibre countermeasures

The J-8B is the first Chinese aircraft in War Thunder to be equipped with the Type 23-3 cannon, which is a copy of the Soviet [[GSh-23L (23 mm)|GSh-23L]] seen on the [[MiG-23 (Family)|MiG-23]] and most [[MiG-21 (Family)|MiG-21]] models. Compared to the J-7E's lone 30 mm cannon, the Type 23-3 has a much higher rate of fire and more ammunition, but poorer ballistics and a lesser damage output.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="6%" | 1 !! width="6%" | 2 !! width="6%" | 3 !! width="6%" | 4 !! width="6%" | 5 !! width="6%" | 6 !! width="6%" | 7
| rowspan="8" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! [[250-3 (250 kg)|250 kg 250-3]] bombs
| || 1 || || 6 || || 1 ||
|-
! [[250-4 (250 kg)|250 kg 250-4]] bombs
| || 1 || || 6 || || 1 ||
|-
! [[500-3 (500 kg)|500 kg 500-3]] bombs
| || 1 || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[500-4 (500 kg)|500 kg 500-4]] bombs
| || 1 || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Type 90-1]] rockets
| 7 || 7 || || || || 7 || 7
|-
! [[Aspide-1A]] missiles
| || 1 || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[PL-5B]] missiles
| || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 ||
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* Without load
* 2 x PL-5B missiles
* 4 x PL-5B missiles
* 2 x Aspide-1A missiles
* 8 x 250 kg 250-3 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 8 x 250 kg 250-4 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg 500-3 bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg 500-4 bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 28 x Type 90-1 rockets
* 2 x PL-5B missiles + 2 x Aspide-1A missiles
* 2 x PL-5B missiles + 8 x 250 kg 250-3 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 4 x PL-5B missiles + 6 x 250 kg 250-3 bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 2 x PL-5B missiles + 6 x 250 kg 250-3 bombs + 2 x Aspide-1A missiles (1,500 kg total)
* 2 x PL-5B missiles + 28 x Type 90-1 rockets
{{Navigation-End}}

The J-8B's primary weapon is the PL-5B infrared homing missile that users of the previous J-7E will be very familiar with. It is still an excellent weapon with high manoeuvrability and acceleration, but it does not have an all-aspect seeker and cannot be used in head-ons.

A new asset is the Italian Aspide-1A semi-active radar homing missile, the first of its class available to any Chinese fighter. A derivative of the AIM-7 Sparrow, the Aspide looks about the same but has an improved rocket motor: its 25 G overload matches the [[Skyflash]] and its Mach 5.0 max speed is the best of any Sparrow model in the game. The Aspide offers a fast and deadly punch in head-ons or longer distances. However, it is held back by the J-8B's primitive radar, which lacks look-down/shoot-down capability and has limited range. In addition, only two can be carried.

For ground attack, the J-8B has access to Type 90-1 HEAT rockets and domestic 250/500 kg low-drag/retard bombs. It might not have the best payload among competitors, but having both missiles and bombs/rocket pods for multirole purpose is now possible thanks to the addition of ballistic computer; be extra careful on the speed and altitude- such a huge jet need more altitude to break-off from assaults. In case for a relatively safer approach, bring the Type 4 retard bombs with drag-chute when flying low.

== Usage in battles ==

The basic design of the J-8 series is aimed for high-altitude interception of supersonic strategic bombers and the J-8B is no exception, its excellent climb rate, top speed, and acceleration make it a high-flyer by all means. Don't be fooled by the sheer size of it, the aerodynamic and control surface features on the J-8B make it surprisingly manoeuvrable as its flight envelope is very similar to a MiG-21MF, if not better; while the size can be a problem as well due to the large surface area, it would be easy for other jets to land shots upon you.

The overall air-to-air weaponry and avionics are sufficient, though somewhat inferior to competitors. Neither the PL-5B IR AAM nor the Aspide-1A SARH AAM are limited by launch overload, which really helps when shooting down targets further than 1.5 km (both missiles need some distance before they can manoeuvre). The large calibre countermeasures help in mitigating the flaws in weaponry systems, but it is still advised not to rush into the battlefield.

Pilots of the J-8B should be extra cautious to any enemies that might appear. Although flying high can mitigate the affects of radar ground clutter if you choose to bring the '''Aspide-1A''' missiles ''(aka '''A弹 [A-missile]''' in PLAAF)'', it means the same for enemies' SARH missiles. If only bringing '''PL-5Bs''' into the fight, stay away from the heated battlefield, then fly in and pick up targets who has already used up their energy or unaware of your existence, a solid hit from a PL-5B can take down enemies with relative ease; do keep in mind that the missile is best used at distance over 1.5 km due to its immersive acceleration, the pylons without overload limitations really helps during interception of targets at lower altitude or revenge on foes who overtakes J-8B and didn't pull away from the player. If the player decides to bring the Aspide-1A missiles in case of a head-on, a special note for J-8B is that due to the overall inferior performance of the SL-5A (208A) radar, tune the radar to 60 km acquisition range and under short scan width (with a very narrow channel of scanning) for best performance against enemy jets; it is suggested to assault targets within 10 km radius and at higher altitude for better radar acquisition - the performance of Aspide-1A is likely to blow the enemies into pieces with ease; try to keep enemy on track as much as possible before Aspide hits the target. While bringing bombs and rocket pods are viable thanks to the addition of ballistic computer, players has to be extra careful on where they should appear as jets at this size need more room for any manoeuvre; but once the jet is in a good position out of enemy detection, the payload can still make short work of enemies while still leaving some chances to take down high-altitude targets; choose low-drag or retard bombs depending how would players like to approach enemy ground targets.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High acceleration and top speed
* Surprisingly manoeuvrable for its size
* The first Chinese jet with SARH missiles
* Large-calibre countermeasures like those on the [[MiG-23 (Family)|MiG-23]]
* Sufficient air-to-ground ordnance

'''Cons:'''

* Huge size relative to its predecessors
* Small ammo pool at only 200 rounds
* Bleeds speed severely in manoeuvres
* Inferior avionics to its counterparts such as [[F-4EJ Phantom II|F-4EJ]]
* Radar is notoriously unreliable, no PD capability nor an ACM feature.

== History ==

{{main|J-8 (Family)#History|l1=History of the J-8 family}}

=== Background ===
In view of harassment from high-altitude reconnaissance planes and supersonic strategic bombers from both US and USSR in early 1960s, Xu Shunshou (徐舜寿) and Huang Zhiqian (黄志千), the duo of designers from Shenyang Aircraft Corporation (SAC) who had just finished the JJ-1 (歼教-1) program, soon started their design on a new interceptor. There were 22 designs for the new interceptor and most of them opted for a single-engine version, while Huang Zhiqian decided to leave a twin-engine design in case the development of the new engine would lag the entire program. After an intense debate on whether the new engine would be made in time, Huang's design, dubbed "Roast Duck" (烤鸭), using 2 existing WP-7 engines from J-7, became the design SAC opted for. This design was given the green light on 17th May 1965 as the J-8 (歼-8).

Although the development of the J-8I was smooth sailing, during the ground tests and stress test, the first prototype was proved unsafe to do test flights and the failure of the first stress test almost gave the J-8I its death sentence; this was further intensified by the deaths of the designer duo due to different incidents. The new chief designer, Gu Songfen (顾诵芬) continued the project with their wills and finally rectified its manufacturing flaws. The J-8I finally made its first flight on 5th July 1969. However, SAC took a whole decade to finalise the aerodynamic design of the J-8I and the new jet only passed for state certification in the very last hours of 1979.

=== J-8II ===
Although later simulated dogfights with J-7 proved the J-8I was superior to the former in many aspects, the MiG-23 (NATO: Flogger) was becoming a big threat to the PLAAF with better avionics. Although a MiG-23SM had been obtained from Egypt for evaluation, instead of reverse-engineering a domestic Flogger, they opted for a more streamlined design with side intakes based on the Flogger, as well as the first Chinese jet to utilize composite materials on wings and stabilizer for weight reduction. The redesigned the J-8II made its first flight on 12th June 1984 with new technologies utilized during manufacture as well as for SARH missiles.

The 1980s also marked a better relationship with western countries, SAC then sought Grumman to upgrade the J-8II into a modernized jet dubbed "Project 8-2" or Peace Pearl (八二工程/和平珍珠) with the latest avionics from the F-16C. However, the 1989 Beijing Crackdown halted this program and it was eventually cancelled in 1990 in view of importing new Su-27 Flankers from the Soviet Union. While the Project 8-2 and later Project 8-3 (J-8C) failed, SAC finalised the radar and the J-8II Block 2/J-8B passed certification in 1995. With later models of the J-8II series produced in the late 1990s and 2000s, these earlier J-8B were mostly upgraded to newer standards (D with refuel probe; H,F with better avionics and missiles); the remaining combat-capable J-8II series were decommissioned by the very last Air Force brigade in Western Theatre Command <ref>https://new.qq.com/omn/20220606/20220606A073IC00.html</ref>, marking the end of J-8II in combat service and only a recon brigade in Chongming, Shanghai still operate the very last dozen of JZ-8F recon.

=== The Spiritual Number: 81192 ===
The default skin for J-8B includes the number "81192" painted on the sides outside of cockpit, this number has become the spiritual number of military enthusiasts and players in Mainland China due to the [[wikipedia:Hainan_Island_incident|Hainan Island Incident]] between the PLANAF and USN.

On 1st April 2001, an EP-3 (BuNo. 156511) from VQ-1 of the USN stationed at Okinawa, piloted by Lieutenant Commander Shane Osborn was conducting a reconnaissance flight close to Hainan Island, where a pair of J-8B from Hainan Lingshui Airbase intercepted them; one of the J-8B, piloted by Major Wang Wei (王伟) from 27 Brigade, 9th Division of PLANAF, accidentally rammed the EP-3's left wing and was severely damaged by the propellers, his jet crashed into the South China Sea and the EP-3 made an emergency landing at Lingshui Airbase. Although Wang Wei was witnessed to have ejected, after weeks of searching, he was declared KIA and was posthumously given martyr and the "Guardian of Sea and Air" (海空卫士) title by PLA.

This incident further ignited the backlash towards the US in Mainland China after multiple diplomatic incidents during the 1990s; the EP-3 was then disassembled and sent back to USN with an Antonov AN-124 and the incident ended with an official apology from the US Government.

A decade later, photos from a photographer in Mainland China proved that the J-8B numbered 81192 was still in service in the early 2010s (but upgraded to J-8BH standards with a black radome); later rediscovery of magazine photos showed that a model of the J-8B given to Ruan Guoqin (阮国琴), widow of Wang Wei, was numbered 81194. The debate of whether 92 or 94 was the jet involved still continues, but the number 81192 has already become the symbol of the long-lasting Sino-US conflicts and there are memorial events every year at Wang Wei's cenotaph at Huzhou, Zhejiang.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=j_8b Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|5E2X7q_tIgM|'''The Shooting Range #306''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:26 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


* [[MiG-23 (Family)|MiG-23]]

== External links ==


=== References ===
<references />

{{AirManufacturer Shenyang}}
{{China jet aircraft}}

Yak-9K

2024-05-09T20:19:51Z

U52930991: /* completed the word the which didn't had the "t", and changed calibre to caliber. */

{{About
| about = Soviet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Yak-9 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=yak-9k
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''Yakovlev Yak-9K''' was a modified subvariant of the [[Yak-9T]], which was the second variant of the [[Yak-9 (Family)|Yakovlev-9 fighter aircraft family]]. The Yak-9K was an attempt to increase firepower over the standard Yak-9T by arming it with a 45 mm NS-45 cannon with 29 rounds and a characteristic muzzle brake to deal with the severe recoil. However, firing the gun at speeds less than 350 km/h still resulted in a significant recoil that led to loss of control of the aircraft and flung the pilot back and forth in the cockpit. Accurate firing was only possible at faster speeds and in bursts of two to three rounds. The cannon's high recoil produced several oil and coolant leaks. Overall, the large gun significantly reduced flight performance, particularly at high altitudes, to the point where Yak-9Ks were only assigned to heavy fighter duties and were required to be escorted by Yak-3s in case of failure. The Yak-9K saw limited use due to the unreliability of the 45 mm cannon and airframe structural instability issues caused by the recoil; it also saw limited production as German bombers gradually decreased in number later in World War II.

The Yak-9K was introduced in [[Update 1.33]]. Despite the noticeable increase in firepower as a result of the increased cannon caliber, this also results in massive recoil when firing, making the airframe structurally and aerodynamically unstable. Players can get a taste of this unusual plane's heightened firepower, with a single hit from the cannon enough to cripple any opponents in the sky. During ground realistic warfare mode, it can also take on an anti-tank duty. However, since the ammunition available is incredibly limited (29 rounds), it is critical to make every shot count.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The configuration of the Yak-9K's engine is for excellent low altitude performance and manoeuvrability, though, without necessary turbo or superchargers, the aircraft's performance at high altitude suffers. The Immelmann speed of the {{PAGENAME}} is superior to the majority of comparable fighters at the same battle rating making it a capable dogfighter.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 576 || 562 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 18.8 || 19.5 || 13.7 || 13.5 || rowspan="2" | 366
|-
! Upgraded
| 609 || 593 || 17.2 || 18.0 || 18.5 || 16.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 683  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || 280 || ~12 || ~9
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 380 || < 420 || < 490 || > 340
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

A {{PAGENAME}} offers good pilot protection, it is unlikely that a pilot snipe should occur. Due to strengthened structure and centralising of the critical components, it is a real possibility for a skilled pilot to clip an enemies plane with a wingtip and remain unscathed, either slicing the enemy's wing or disabling a propeller. Though the {{PAGENAME}} does have self sealing fuel tanks located in the wing, that does not preclude them from catching on fire.

* 64 mm Bulletproof glass in cockpit front
* 64 mm Bulletproof glass pilot's headrest
* 8 mm Steel plate in the pilot's seat

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|NS-45 (45 mm)|Berezin UB (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 45 mm NS-45 cannon, nose-mounted (29 rpg)
* 1 x 12.7 mm Berezin UB machine gun, nose-mounted (200 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==


====Engaging fighters & bombers ====
Most enemy fighters will be between 3,000 and 3,800 m, with bombers being around 4,000 to 5,000 m. It's important to use your height advantage, drop down from your height and and get behind the enemy. Once behind the fighter or bomber, do not engage until you are close enough to see their tails in your crosshair. Aim forward and fire only a single shot or a short burst which is no longer than two seconds. If you miss and they turn, pending how sharp the turn is follow them. If it's a very sharp turn do not turn with them, instead open the throttle and climb back up to gain a height advantage. Then either try it again or find a new bandit to knock out.

====Ground & Naval Battles====
In ground and naval battles, the Yak-9K is able to destroy armoured targets with ease. It does not have any secondary armaments such as bombs or rockets. However, its 45 mm cannon is able to destroy heavy tanks. To do this, aim for the roof and dive straight down upon them like an angel that is fighting a demon. In ship combat, the 45 mm cannon is able to penetrate the decks of many heavily armoured ships, but you must aim for roof or sides of the ships. When handling smaller ships such as Patrol boats, do not fly in a straight line. Instead, zip up and down, left to right, then suddenly turn and shoot them. A single well placed shot will destroy their ammo racks and set the ship to visit Davy Jones' locker!

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* The 45 mm cannon is very good at bomber hunting, although climbing to those altitudes takes some time
* 45 mm cannon is good against planes, tanks and boats, thus making the plane a great choice for close air support in ground & naval realistic battles
* 45 mm cannon is able to rip apart any plane with one well-placed shot
* Good climb rate.
* Great low-altitude performance
* Solid manoeuvrability at low altitudes
* Great top speed

'''Cons:'''

* 45 mm cannon is hard to aim due to inaccuracy, especially apparent when stock
* Guns jam relatively quickly, trigger discipline is required
* Secondary weapons have limited ammo, compared to other aircraft

== History ==


{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}|expand=true}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
The Yak-9 was a Soviet single-engine fighter of the WWII era. It was the first combat aircraft designed by Alexander Yakovlev's construction bureau. The most mass-produced Soviet fighter of the war, it remained in production from October 1942 to December 1948, with a total of 16,769 built.

The Yak-9 was a further modification of the Yak-1 and Yak-7. In its core design, it was a redesign of the Yak-7. With few external differences, Yak-9 was at the same time much more advanced internally. This is not unexpected, as almost two years of design and combat experience of the Yak series went into the Yak-9. Also, at the time aluminium was in much greater supply than it had been two years previously at the start of the war. Amongst other things, the use of metal allowed the plane's weight to be significantly reduced, meaning that more fuel could be stored and that the aircraft could be equipped with more powerful armament and more specialized equipment.
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== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=yak-9k Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|aQDGo7bXdeg|'''Russian Intercontinental Fridge Launcher: Yak-9K''' - ''Slick Plays''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/109520-yakovlev-yak-9k/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Yakovlev}}
{{USSR fighters}}