War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

F-20A

2024-05-21T17:34:30Z

U48664895: /* History */ Added a history section

{{Specs-Card
|code=f_20a
|store=13237
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

Due to export restrictions by the Department of Defence preventing sales of advanced avionics and aircraft to export customers, many allies who were flying the now out-dated F-5 could not purchase the latest F-16 aircraft to meet the threat of the latest MiG-29s and Su-27s that Soviet allies were receiving. As a result, Northrop Grumman initiated the FX program, to design and build a new 4th light export generation fighter on the basis of the cancelled F-5F Super Tiger. The primary requirements for this new fighter were cheap interoperability with existing F-5 fleets, BVR capability, and modular compatibility with almost every kind of ordnance the US offered for export at the time. The resulting aircraft, the '''F-20 Tigershark''', was essentially an F-5E with a special radar capable of firing the AIM-7 Sparrow missile, and the two small engines of the F-5 family being replaced with a single F-404 engine similar to that of the F/A-18 Hornet. The resulting aircraft was slated to become the export standard for most NATO allies of the time, with Japan, West Germany, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, and various other close allies eyeing the Tigershark for potential purchase. However, under the Reagan Administration, new export laws were passed which lifted most of the technology export bans, and as a result of further political meddling from the US and General Dynamics, the F-20 saw all its sale chances falter and fall through, with almost every country instead buying F-16s or F-15s (or in the case of Germany, simply upgrading their existing F-4F fleet to carry the new AIM-120 AMRAAM).

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was introduced in [[Update "Alpha Strike"]]. Being essentially an up-engined F-5E with better avionics, it plays exactly as one would expect it. It is one of the best dogfighters of its battle rating, and is only beaten by the F-16s and in some flight regimes the Mirage 2000. As a result, players looking for buying this aircraft should be expected to know how to properly dogfight, manage their energy, and employ their radar correctly to best the enemy aircraft. The incredible choice of ground ordnance also provides a nice alternative to the [[F-16A|F-16A Block 10]] in mixed battles. All in all, the F-20 is a great premium for researching the ranks of the US tree, and in terms of gameplay acts as a nice in-between for the two F-16s at the same BR in the American tree, having the AIM-7s and BVR capability of the F-16A ADF, while also having the guided ground ordnance of the F-16A Block 10.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The F-20 is a similar experience in terms of flight performance compared to the F-5C, with great energy retention and turn rate above Mach 0.85. However, due to the F404-100, it has plenty of thrust compared to the lacklustre thrust of the F5C.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 11,582 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,149 || 2,121 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 22.5 || 22.7 || 221 || 210 || rowspan="2" | 850
|-
! Upgraded
| 2,254 || 2,200 || 21.5 || 22.0 || 291 || 255
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,458  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 1,296 || 473 || 463 || ~12 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < ___ || < ___ || < ___ || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | General Electric F404-GE-100 || 1
| colspan="2" | _,___ kg || colspan="2" | ___ kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! _m fuel || __m fuel || __m fuel
|-
| 1,015 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning low-bypass turbofan
| _,___ kg || _,___ kg || _,___ kg || _,___ kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (___%/WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || ___%/WEP
! _m fuel || __m fuel || __m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || ___ kgf || ___ kgf
| _.__ || _.__ || _.__ || _.__
|-
| ''Optimal'' || ___ kgf (_ km/h) || ___ kgf (_ km/h)
| _.__ || _.__ || _.__ || _.__
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armor ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The F-20 is a light fighter. As such it has no armour. If it loses its wing or tail, it becomes incredibly difficult to fly. It isn't that durable against common cannons for its BR, however it's possible to survive smaller IR missiles but the plane would no longer be combat capable and should immediately return to the base.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs) !! EEGS
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M39A3 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm M39A3 cannons, nose-mounted (280 rpg = 560 total)
* 45 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

''Describe the aircraft's suspended armament: additional cannons under the wings, bombs, rockets and torpedoes. This section is especially important for bombers and attackers. If there is no suspended weaponry remove this subsection.''

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* Without load
* 6 x AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles
* 2 x AIM-7F Sparrow missiles
* 5 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (3,750 lb total)
* 9 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (4,500 lb total)
* 9 x 500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye bombs (4,500 lb total)
* 3 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (3,000 lb total)
* 1 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bomb (2,000 lb total)
* 76 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 4 x AGM-65B missiles
* 1 x 30 mm GAU-13/A cannon (353 rpg)
* 5 x BLU-1 incendiary bombs
* 1 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 Air bomb (2,000 lb total)
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==


The F-20A can be viewed as both a sidegrade between F-16A and F-16A ADF and a downgrade in US tech tree as it can carry similar armaments to both of them but not to same capacity as either of them. While it can carry almost same payload type as F-16A (excluding GBU-8) it can only carry it in lower numbers which severely limits air-to-ground performance, but unlike F-16A or F-16A ADF it can carry both radar guided missiles and TV-guided AGM to a certain extent.

Best way to take down other planes is to use speed and surprise occupied enemy planes with either the Sparrow (only at altitudes several hundred meters above ground) or Sidewinders but with IR missiles be careful that friendly plane in question isn't the F-14, Su-27 or MiG-29 which have fairly high engine temperature and could result in friendly fire instead.

'''Dogfighting'''

While F-20A has amazing flight performance and thrust-to-weight ratio that allows the plane to dogfight inexperienced F-16 and F-14 players, trying to fight more experienced players can end fairly badly for F-20A as the M39A3 is far weaker than 20 mm Vulcan or 30 mm GSh-30-1 cannon and not bleeding enough speed while turning can easily get you ahead of plane you are chasing (and in front of their far powerful guns).

Head-ons are not recommended as the M39A3 is one of the weaker gun in the BR bracket and mounting 30 mm GAU-13/A cannon would only greatly decrease F-20A flight performance to add only 353 30 mm shells.

'''Air-to-air missile gameplay'''

F-20A has very limited gameplay in that aspect as it can carry only 6 AIM-9L or exchange 2 Sidewinders for 1 AIM-7F up to combination of 2 Sidewinders and 2 Sparrows. Sadly the F-20A does not have access to AIM-7M unlike F-16A ADF or F-14B which have far lower reaction time after being detached from the plane.

As the plane can gain energy faster than any plane on same BR, it's advised to surprise enemy with AIM-9L or target higher altitude targets with AIM-7F, while keeping safe distance from possible IR threats and staying at low altitude as the enemy planes usually have stronger radar guided missiles.

As the plane has access only to 45 countermeasures, it may not be preferential to split the amount between flares and chaffs as the radars encountered at this BR are usually pulse-doppler, where chaffs have minimal effect and low-alt flights and notching can work instead. Instead, bring flares as the number of tough IR missiles like R-73, AIM-9M, and similar missiles mean the F-20A need all it can bring to ward off these smart IR missiles.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Incredible overall flight performance with very good thrust-to-weight ratio with great energy retention
* Can stay at supersonic speed without using afterburner
* Combat flaps are capable of withstanding plane top speed
* Very small target compared to all planes it the BR bracket
* Combination of high manoeuvrability and even mediocre missile payload can surprise most enemies resulting in fairly easy shoot-downs.

'''Cons:'''

* Loses 2 hardpoints for AIM-9L for every AIM-7F
* M39A3 cannons deal very low damage
* Overall one of the worst air-to-air armaments when compared to planes on same BR
* Can carry only 45 countermeasures
* While it can maintain very low speed and not stalling, it does not have as good low-speed manoeuvrability as other planes

== History ==

In the 1980s, the U.S. State Department sent out a request for an export fighter. In response, Northrop came up with the F-5G, which would be a vastly improved version of the F-5E. After receiving approval from the State Department, Northrop, without financial help from the government, began work on the F-5G. Up to this point, F-5s had twin J85 engines that produced around 3,000 kilograms of force per engine. These engines would end up being replaced by a single F404 engine that produced far more power at the expense of weighing more. Northrop also heavily modified the wings to increase performance and handling. In addition, the avionics were upgraded, and soon the Air Force ordered a few examples of the F-5G. The F-5G would also receive a new designation to separate it from the F-5 series, the F-20.

Although the F-20 had favorable characteristics, it was overshadowed by the F-16. The Fighting Falcon was simply far superior to the F-20, and the Air Force chose the F-16. This essentially killed the F-20, as there wouldn't be enough demand for it to commence production. Northrop also tried selling the entire F-20 program, but that also failed. Only one surviving F-20 exists and is on display in the California Science Center.

=== [[wt:en/news/8770-shop-development-pre-order-f-20a-tigershark-en|Devblog]] ===
Engineers from Northrop Corporation developed the F-20A Tigershark as a deep modernization of the F-5G fighter with improved flight and characteristics at a low cost. This new aircraft received a new power plant consisting of a single General Electric F404-100 engine, advanced avionics and radar, plus an expanded range of weapons. It made its first flight in 1982, where a total of 3 were built for testing. At the time of its creation, the F-20A was a direct competitor to the F-16 fighter jet, but was inferior to it and did not go into mass production. The only surviving F-20A was transferred to the California Science Center and is currently on display as an exhibit.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=f_20a Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[F-5 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8770-shop-development-pre-order-f-20a-tigershark-en|[Devblog] Pre-order: F-20A Tigershark]]

{{AirManufacturer Northrop}}
{{USA jet aircraft}}
{{USA premium aircraft}}

Fw 190 D-12

2023-12-21T18:05:12Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = German fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Fw 190 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=fw-190d-12
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The "Dora" variants of the 190 featured an enormous number of improvements over the original "Anton" variants. Also referred to as the Langnasen-Dora ("Long-nose Dora"), it replaced the original radial engine found in the Antons with a water-cooled inverted V12 engine that extended the length of the fuselage and decreased drag. To keep drag to a minimum while also sufficiently cooling the engine, an annular radiator was fitted, which could extend tiny flaps out for increased cooling when needed. This, in combination with the Jumo 213E, meant that the Dora variants were substantially faster and could climb much quicker than the Anton variants.

The D-9, specifically, was one of the first main production variants of the Dora. Early D-9s weren't fitted with the MW-50 system, but as more kits were being developed, they were sent out to squadrons utilizing the D-9. Although the Allied bombing campaign posed a significant threat by 1944, the Fw 190 Dora was primarily employed for anti-fighter duties until the more specialized Ta 152s would arrive on the front line. The next major development was the D-11, which removed the 13 mm machine guns and added 2 30 mm MK 108 cannons on the wings for extra firepower. The D-12 also continued the theme with an additional 30 mm MK 108 cannon firing through the nose but replaced the 30 mm wing-mounted cannons with 20 mm MG 151s. Only a few D-12s were produced, and it was never a main production variant like the D-9 and D-13.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27. The D-12 is largely the same as the other Dora variants in-game. It does feature better high-altitude performance over the D-9, which unfortunately comes with the trade-off of performing worse at lower altitudes. In air realistic battles, players should climb and boom and zoom opponents. Dogfighting should be a last resort due to the Dora's poor turning ability. However, the poor turning ability can be somewhat compensated for by the Dora's excellent flaps, which have relatively high structural limits, especially the takeoff flaps that can be extended up to 700 km/h (437 mph). Overall, the D-12 is a decent aircraft that can compete against enemy fighters and attack ground targets with bombs.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 9,700 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 695 || 675 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 22.9 || 23.8 || 12.9 || 12.9 || rowspan="2" | 317
|-
! Upgraded
| 759 || 725 || 20.1 || 21.6 || 26.7 || 17.1
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 700 || 310 || ~12 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 420 || < 300 || < 550 || > 320
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 3,900 m || 1,632 hp || 2,007 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 7,300 m || 1,658 hp || 2,039 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 3
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 9,700 m || 1,343 hp || 1,652 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 3 mm Steel - Engine cowl armour
* 8 mm Steel - Under cockpit/fuel tank armour
* 5 mm Steel - Rear fuel tank armour
* 8 mm Steel - Pilot's seat armour
* 6 mm Steel - Pilot's seat armour
* 12 mm Steel - Headrest armour
* 57 mm Bulletproof Glass

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MK 108 (30 mm)|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 30 mm MK 108 cannon, nose-mounted (85 rpg)
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, wing-mounted (220 rpg = 440 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="15%" | 1 !! width="15%" | 2 !! width="15%" | 3
| rowspan="6" width="25%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_Fw_190_D-9.png]]</div>
|-
! [[SC50JA (50 kg)|50 kg SC50JA]] bombs
| 2 || 4 || 2
|-
! [[SC250JA (250 kg)|250 kg SC250JA]] bombs
| || 1 ||
|-
! [[SC500K (500 kg)|500 kg SC500K]] bombs
| || 1 ||
|-
! [[Flam C 250 incendiary]] bombs
| || 1 ||
|-
! [[Flam C 500 incendiary]] bombs
| || 1 ||
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
* Without load
* 4 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (200 kg total)
* 8 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (400 kg total)
* 1 x 250 kg SC250JA bomb (250 kg total)
* 1 x 500 kg SC500K bomb (500 kg total)
* 1 x Flam C 250 incendiary bomb
* 1 x Flam C 500 incendiary bomb
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==


The Fw 190 D-12 was developed and tested alongside the [[Fw 190 D-13]]. They share the same airframe and engine performance with the only difference between the D-12 and the D-13 being the cannon mounted in the propeller. (The D-12 was tested with a Mk 108 30 mm cannon while the D-13 was tested with an MG 151 20 mm cannon in the propeller)

Due to the D-12 and D-13 being so similar, you can fly them almost identically. (Keeping in mind the differing armament velocities at longer ranges) the Fw 190 D-12 has a high top speed for its BR, heavy armament with a large ammunition pool, a fantastic engine built for high-altitude performance and it features hydraulic ailerons for an amazingly high-speed roll rate. It is one of the only prop driven aircraft able to reach speeds exceeding 450 mph (725 km/h) while still retaining some ability to manoeuvre. The D-12 is an energy fighter, the plane relies on speed and engine power to be successful. With its high burst mass of and the destructive power of the Minengeschoß rounds, no bomber in the game can survive a short burst. Against fighters, the MK 108 is as usual difficult to aim and hit. Not to mention just overkill. As both guns have different ballistics, bind a separate key for your MG 151s. This makes aiming easier, saves ammo and is still sufficient enough against any fighter.

The Fw 190 D-12 is most effective at climbing above your foe and employing standard Boom and Zoom tactics. Keeping in mind that at 700 km/h+, the flight surfaces of the Dora series notoriously compress and pulling out at those speeds can be tricky, however, it has been found that because of the fuselage mounted fuel tanks in the Dora series, taking higher fuel loads will cut the amount of time it takes to pull out of those high-speed dives by up to 50% (50% when comparing minimum fuel load to full fuel load.

One of the most known abilities of the Fw 190 series is their ability to out roll enemies such as the Spitfire that "lock up" at higher speeds. If attacked from above and if the enemy is at a higher speed than the D-12, it is possible to perform a series of rolls called a "scissors". The goal of this manoeuvre is to both avoid the enemy's guns by rolling out of the way as well as allowing that enemy to overshoot, resulting in the Dora pilot tailing the would-be killer. Although difficult, manoeuvres such as these can turn the tables in a one-on-one dogfight and ensure survival.

Attempt every deflection shot possible, and if the rounds are not hitting the target pull harder. It is better to have rounds fly in front of an enemy plane than miles behind them. In order to pull ahead, make good use of combat/landing flaps. However, remember not to activate them at high speeds as they will rip off causing a momentary loss of control.

The role of the ''Bomb Dora'' can be done by any 190 D. A wide arrangement of payloads is possible. But none of them is powerful enough to go for strategic bomb zones. In addition the 50 kg bombs can only be dropped in pairs in RB & SB. In combination with the lack of an aiming reticle, it is suggested to not carry the small bombs in addition to your ''main'' payload. Bridges, heavy tanks and heavy pillboxes should be the primary target for the 500 kg bomb. The other targets can be destroyed with ease by allied [[:Category:Attackers|attackers]].

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 3 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent energy retention and dive acceleration and top-speed in a dive
* Great speed on low altitude
* Great high-speed manoeuvrability
* Great aileron control and roll speed
* Great & heavy armament
* Good ammo supply
* Good climb-rate
* Water injection ("MW50" -> WEP in-game) lasts at least 30 minutes

'''Cons:'''

* Awful turn-rate below high-speeds
* Enormous turn cycle
* Prone to overheating

== History ==


{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}|expand=true}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
The Focke-Wulf Fw 190 Wuerger (Shrike) was a single-seat single-engine monoplane fighter used by the Luftwaffe in WWII. One of the best fighters of the time, it was widely used during the Second World War. A total of over 20,000 were produced, including some 6,000 fighter-bomber variants. The 190 remained in production from 1941 until the end of the war, going through multiple redesigns. The Fw 190 made a name for itself as a true Luftwaffe workhorse and was used in a wide variety of roles, including a high-altitude interceptor (especially the Fw 190D), escort fighter, fighter-bomber and night fighter.

The Fw 190 D 'Dora', or 'Long-Nosed 190' to the Allies, was intended as an interim solution while the Ta 152 was being readied. However, the Dora ended up being one of the finest Focke-Wulf designs of the entire war. The aircraft was armed with two synchronized MG 17s and four wing-mounted MG 151s. Initially, Luftwaffe pilots regarded the Dora with some suspicion. The Jumo 213 was believed to be a bomber engine and its installation on a fighter was considered a desperate measure. However, as soon as they had a chance to fight in the Dora-9, the pilots changed their minds. The new variant, compared to its BMW 801-powered predecessor, performed better in the vertical and in a dive. Additionally, it had a phenomenal roll rate. The pilots quickly found that the Jumo 213-powered Focke-Wulf was superior to the venerable P-51B Mustang.

A total of 650 to 700 Fw 190 D series fighters were produced. By December 1944, the Focke-Wulf plant in Marienburg produced 8 Fw 190 Ds each day, even though the factory appeared completely destroyed from the air.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=fw-190d-12 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.ru/index.php?/topic/94911-fw-190-d-12/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance (Russian Forum)]

{{AirManufacturer Focke-Wulf}}
{{Germany fighters}}

Bf 109 G-14

2023-12-21T16:43:26Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = German fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Bf 109 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=bf-109g-14
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The Bf 109 G-14 was one of the late-war variants of the 109 series. It aimed to standardize all the improvements from the other G models, such as a taller tail, a new engine, and the all-important MW-50 system, which drastically increased power by injecting a methanol-water mix into the engine. This allowed the engine to run at higher boost pressures and significantly increased the top speed compared to the G-6 variant. Although late-war Allied aircraft could outperform the G-14, it was still more than capable with an experienced pilot. Over 5,500 G-14s were built until the end of the war.

Introduced in [[Update 1.47 "Big Guns"]], the '''{{Specs|name}}''' is one of the last 109s in the German air tech tree. It features the same 20 mm MG 151 cannon mounted within the propeller hub found in many other 109 variants. However, the twin 7.92 mm machine guns were replaced with 13 mm MG 131 machine guns. Although the new machine guns have a lower ammunition pool compared to the 7.92 mm machine guns, the increase in firepower more than makes up for the difference with the correct ammunition belt. Players can also exchange the 20 mm MG 151 cannon with the 30 mm MK 108 cannon. However, this is not recommended due to the MK 108's extremely poor ballistics, making it only suitable for very close-range engagements. The G-14 also has access to both 2x MK 108 and 2x MG 151 gunpods mounted under the wing. This provides a substantial increase in firepower, but the single propeller-hub MG 151 is more than enough to take down enemy fighters. Unfortunately, the G-14 is severely lacking in ground attack ordnance, with only an incendiary bomb and a 250 kg bomb being available.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

Just like its predecessors, the Bf 109 G-14 should generally be utilized as an energy fighter/ Boom and Zoomer. While the G-14 is fairly more manoeuvrable than other Bf 109s, its increased agility should be used for maintaining high speed and energy than dog fighting, which even the G-14 is only passable at best. Due to its excellent energy retention and climb rate, it is exceptionally good at stall fighting, since many fighters will not be able to keep up with its climb rate, giving it the opportunity to put overconfident pilots in vulnerable situations.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 642 || 619 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.2 || 22.0 || 16.3 || 16.3 || rowspan="2" | 325
|-
! Upgraded
| 712 || 674 || 19.5 || 20.0 || 29.7 || 21.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 437 || 408 || 260 || ~13 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 390 || < 390 || < 470 || > 250
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 7,800 m || 1,110 hp || 1,536 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 60 mm Bulletproof glass in front and rear of the cockpit.
* 4-8 mm Steel plates on pilot seat.
* 10 mm Steel plates around pilot's head.
* 21 mm Steel plate on the rear of the fuel tank, with 4 mm plates surrounding it on other sides.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MK 108 (30 mm)|MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** 1 x 20 mm MG 151 cannon, nose-mounted (200 rpg) + 2 x 13 mm MG 131 machine guns, nose-mounted (300 rpg = 600 total)
** 1 x 30 mm MK 108 cannon, nose-mounted (65 rpg) + 2 x 13 mm MG 131 machine guns, nose-mounted (300 rpg = 600 total)

When it comes to selecting armament, it is largely dependent on the role the pilot intends to fulfil. Equipping bombs should generally only be considered as a last resort or when air cover is sufficient to facilitate tactical bombing. The very potent 30 mm cannon and gun pods should generally only be done if there is a significant threat from enemy bombers and heavy fighters. Keep in mind that while the 30 mm shells pack a high explosive filling, their muzzle velocity and ballistic coefficient results in a slow and fairly inaccurate shell. If chasing after enemy fighters, with a minimal profile exposed, it is not unusual to see 30 mm shells doing minimal damage to wings due to not detonating. Ideally, the 30 mm should only be fired against large frame aircraft from angles at which they expose the most of the plane's frame to ensure a detonation within the airframe. Keep also in mind that the Mk 108 only carries 65 rounds of ammo for the centre-mounted cannon, and 35 per gun pod, making trigger pulls very costly (especially considering its fire rate). As for belt selections for the Mk 108, it should generally be anything but the default belt due to the higher content of minegeschoß shells, beyond that it is personal preference since the difference is only cosmetic.

Adding the twin 20 mm MG 151 gun pods will substantially increase the G-14's fighting potential and longevity against other enemy fighters, due to carrying a total of 250 extra rounds. Additionally, the 20 mm's ballistic trajectory is very similar to the 13 mm machine guns, allowing for firing both weapons simultaneously at an enemy target. However keep in mind that the gun pods will run out of ammunition faster than the centre-mounted one, so if it happens, it is usually a good indication of when it is time to head back to reload, as not much ammo will usually remain in the centre mounted one afterwards. As for belts, it should generally be stealth or air targets, since every other belt option either sacrifices explosive content and contains more tracer rounds in exchange for better ground attack capabilities which are very poor even with the armoured targets belt.

Finally, keep in mind it is possible to carry both 13 mm, 20 mm, and 30 mm weaponry, however, due to the 30 mm's poor ballistic properties, it should be mapped to fire on a different button. Also remember that while gun pods can be swapped while on the airfield in game, the centre-mounted cannon '''can't''' and can only be changed from the hangar.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC250JA (250 kg)|MK 108 (30 mm)|MG 151 (20 mm)|Flam C 250 incendiary}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 1 x 250 kg SC250JA bomb (250 kg total)
* 2 x 30 mm MK 108 cannons, wing-mounted (gunpods) (35 rpg = 70 total)
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, wing-mounted (gunpods) (135 rpg = 270 total)
* 1 x Flam C 250 incendiary bomb

== Usage in battles ==

The Bf 109 G-14 is similar to the other 109s in terms of playstyle, having a few tweaked upgrades making it better than its predecessors and a similar ability like the [[Bf 109 G-10]] to change its 20 mm nose cannon for a 30 mm one makes it have a different range of possibility to use the G-14 compared to the other 109s. The [[Bf 109 (Family)|Bf 109]] are dedicated fighters but can but used in a lot of roles in battles ranging from fighter role to bomber role, even though it got limited options on the latter choice it can be proven useful at them all.

The G-14 can either use a single [[MG 151 (20 mm)]] or [[MK 108 (30 mm)]] option when heading to battle, depending on what target is in mind, also being able to increase its firepower a lot with either 2 x extra 20 mm or 30 mm gun pods. But equipping these pods is trading speed and manoeuvrability for firepower, which can be great in certain situations but its a well paid off trade when doing hit and runs on enemy targets increasing the successfullness of destroying the enemy aircraft. Even though it excelles in a fighter role there is still enemy fighters to be aware of like [[P-51H-5-NA]], [[Spitfire F Mk 22]] and [[I-225]] which can in experienced hands prove lethal to the G-14.

G-14 can also be equipped with a single 250 kg bomb it can with accuracy drop on unsuspecting ground targets with high precision, making 109s efficient at close air support in ground battles. But can also be a huge benefit in destroying AI grounds during air matches in case friendly bombers or attackers are destroyed and there is only medium or heavy targets left which the 30 mm or 20 mm can't make a dent on. This is where the [[SC250JA (250 kg)]] come in handy and with an experienced player can become a deadly dive bomber both in air and ground battles.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Outstandingly high climb rate and energy retention
* Great acceleration in a dive and in straight line
* Powerful and accurate armament of up to 3 x 20/30 mm cannons with mounted gondolas.
* Nose mounted armament are beginner friendly to aim
* Additional 20/30 mm cannon gondolas don't impact performance that much
* In comparison to the G6, improved all around performance due to lighter weight while retaining same engine

'''Cons:'''

* Top speed is rather mediocre, comparing to something like [[Ki-84 ko]]
* Not very manoeuvrable (compresses at high speeds and relatively high wing-loading hampers low speed manoeuvrability)
* The stock single 20 mm gun is lacking vs. heavy armoured targets
* The rip speed of 790 km/h makes power dives impossible
* Relatively low ammo count
* In simulator, cockpit visibility (especially backwards) is poor; has severe drifting when taking off
* Outside of a single 250 kg bomb, the G-14 does not have anything to attack armoured ground targets beyond armoured cars

== History ==

In 1943, the Bf 109 G-6 entered service, while its performance was less than stellar, its worth derived from the ability to be easily modified into dedicated fighter bomber, high altitude interceptor or reconnaissance. likewise, great care was taken to make sure the G6 could fit heavy armament for attacking bombers, which were beginning to appear in force over Germany, and the shortcoming of the Fw 190s at high altitude became increasingly apparent.

In 1944, the RLM, wishing to standardize fighter production, approved the Bf 109 G-14, which essentially a standardized version of the 109, with all improvements found on late production G-6s, including an enlarged vertical tail surface, a new canopy and Flettner tabs, for better control at higher speeds. to easy construction, it had a non-retracting tail wheel, and the distinctive bulges on the upper cowling, which housed the breechblocks of the machine guns.

In addition, the new G-14 was fitted with a DB605ASM engine. itself a heavily modified engine also used in the early G-6. It features water-methanol injection and an enlarged supercharger which is taken directly off a DB506, meaning the engine has better performance at high altitude, while conversely, it has less output at lower altitudes.

Serving alongside the 109 G-10 and K-4 in the later stages of the war, it proved to be a less than stellar performer, being outperformed by the newest types the Western Allies brought into service. However, it performed admirably in its role, and with a good pilot, was more than a match for the large majority of the Allied aircraft.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=bf-109g-14 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* Kawasaki [[Ki-61 (Family)|Ki-61]]
* Macchi [[C.205 (Family)|C.205]]
* Fiat [[G.55 (Family)|G.55]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/216830-messerschmitt-bf-109-g-14/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer BFW}}
{{Germany fighters}}

F4U-1A (Japan)

2023-12-19T19:22:29Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = premium fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = the American version
| link-1 = F4U-1A
| usage-2 = other uses
| link-2 = F4U (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=f4u-1a_japan
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
|cockpit=cockpit_f4u-1a_japan.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The F4U Corsair was a single-engine fighter that excelled in top-speed performance and fire power. It was a shock to Japanese pilots who were familiar with obsolete aircraft like the F4F Wildcat and F2A Buffalo. As was typical with aerial combat in World War II, some planes faced mechanical problems or damage that forced pilots to crash land. This led to Japanese forces capturing various aircraft, like the P-40 Warhawk, [[B-17E (Japan)|B-17 Flying Fortress]], and some Corsairs. Although specific details about the planes are hazy, it is known that Japan did have two Corsairs and fixed one to flying condition. The Japanese conducted various flight tests and were impressed by the materials used in construction and the flight performance.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' has been premium in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27. It is virtually the same as the F4U-1A in the American tech tree, with the exception of the camo used and the lack of suspended armament. Much like the American F4U-1A, the Japanese F4U-1A is an incredibly strong fighter thanks to its high-speed performance, armament, and overall handling. Players should take note of the F4U-1A's limited WEP capability (around 7-8 minutes) as a result of the water injection system used. This version of the Corsair comes armed with six 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns and ample ammunition, which is more than enough for its battle rating. Overall, the '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a strong aircraft, even though it lacks bombs for close air support.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 7,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 656 || 633 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.1 || 25.9 || 8.8 || 8.8 || rowspan="2" | 251
|-
! Upgraded
| 715 || 683 || 23.0 || 24.0 || 16.8 || 12.3
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 388 || 330 || 252 || ~11 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 450 || < 450 || < 500 || > 450
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 3 mm steel covering central fuel tank
* 8 mm steel behind pilot
* 12.7 mm steel behind pilot's head
* 38 mm bulletproof glass
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 in each wing, 1 in front of pilot)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 6 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, wing-mounted (400 rpg inner + centre + 375 rpg outer = 2,350 total)

== Usage in battles ==


Players should side climb in this plane and once at altitude, begin to dive down on enemies below. Due to the weight and aerodynamics of this aircraft, it is a fantastic Boom & Zoomer for the battle rating. With enough energy, no other comparable aircraft can catch it in a dive. When you have speed at your disposal, you can easily energy fight against higher-rank aircraft. Be aware that over speeds of approximately 550km/h the rudder is almost useless and if the target evades you it will be almost impossible to hit them. Using the aircraft's great flaps and energy retention allow the fighter to hang in the vertical much longer than other planes; it's here you can corner enemies into an energy trap. However, those who wish to take on the {{Specs|name}} in combat must make sure they go into the engagement with a significant energy advantage over your opponent or you may find yourself on the receiving end of a lead shower.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 3 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Heavy armament of 6 x 12.7 mm machine guns
* Fantastic energy retention
* Extremely fast dive speed

'''Cons:'''

* Poor manoeuvrability for a fighter (heavy aircraft)
* No payload options

== History ==


{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}|expand=true}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
Vought F4U-1A Corsair single-engine carrier-based fighter (IJNAF)

A single-seat, single-engine carrier-based fighter; an all-metal cantilever monoplane with a peculiar inverted gull wing. It was designed in the design bureau of Chance Vought for a single-seat carrier-based fighter competition announced by the USNAF. The V-166B prototype fighter made its first flight on May 26, 1940. In June 1942, the F4U fighter entered mass production.

In the middle of 1943, the F4U-1A variant began full-scale production. While creating this variant, Chance Vought's experts introduced some changes into the aircraft's design which contributed to its success as a carrier-based fighter.

The main landing gear shock absorbers' stroke was increased, and their stiffness was reduced. The pilot's cockpit was drastically redesigned; to improve forward and rear visibility, which was especially important when landing on an aircraft carrier, the pilot's cockpit canopy was made convex, and the pilot's seat was raised 17.8 cm.

The designers solved the problem of the fighter's stalling at near-minimum speeds in quite a simple way: a stall strip, 152 mm long, was fitted on the right wing in the area of the machine gun ports. When the left wing began to stall, which was typical of the F4U-1, this strip initiated flow separation over the right wing, leveling the aircraft out.

The F4U-1A's armament consisted of six large-calibre 12.7 mm Colt-Browning ANM2.5 machine guns, three on each wing.

The Corsair fighters were quite dangerous opponents for the Japanese fighters, so the Imperial Japanese Navy's experts wanted to take a closer look at the new American machine.

The Japanese managed to capture two Corsair fighters which had made forced landings. One of them was an F4U-1A, and the planes had apparently belonged to the US Marine Corps and the Royal New Zealand Air Force.

The Japanese successfully repaired one machine, using the second F4U as a source of spare parts and partially covering the damaged parts of the wing surfaces with canvas. This restored Corsair was flight-tested. After Japan surrendered, this machine was discovered by the Americans at the flying school airfield in Kasumigaura.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=f4u-1a_japan Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/325083-f4u-1ausmccd/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Vought}}
{{Japan fighters}}
{{Japan premium aircraft}}

F-4J Phantom II

2023-11-05T01:10:05Z

U48664895: Replaced paragraph saying that the gunpod on the F-4J is not worth the performance hit

{{About
| about = American jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = the premium British version
| link-1 = F-4J(UK) Phantom II
| usage-2 = other versions
| link-2 = F-4 Phantom II (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=f-4j
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Winged Lions"]].

The F-4J is one of the most famous variants of the Phantom used by the US Navy. The external appearance closely resembles the [[F-4C]], only missing the unusable IRST underneath the nose. It is a different aircraft from the [[F-4E]], its US Air Force counterpart: lacking the "Agile Eagle" wing slats and devastating Vulcan Gatling cannon, the F-4J is even less suitable for dogfights. It also does not have the F-4E's lethal ground attack arsenal of air-to-ground missiles and glide bombs. The F-4J makes up for these deficiencies by having a very powerful pulse-Doppler radar, long-range AIM-7F missiles, and a unique VTAS helmet-mounted sight for cueing its AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles. This is a Phantom for pilots who can turn technological superiority into air superiority, and it is good preparation for the succeeding [[F-14A Early|F-14A Tomcat]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 12,192 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,067 || 2,018 || rowspan="2" | 16,000 || 26.5 || 27.3 || 154.4 || 144.3 || rowspan="2" | 850
|-
! Upgraded
| 2,216 || 2,139 || 25.5 || 26.0 || 217.6 || 184.5
|-
|}

The F-4J's flight performance is underwhelming for its battle rating. It has about the same climb rate, top speed, and acceleration as the [[F-4E]], which are good, but the lack of Agile Eagle slats prevents it from turning well even in the short term, and it will lose dogfights to almost every contemporary aircraft. The British [[Phantom FGR.2|FGR.2]]/[[Phantom FG.1|FG.1]] Phantoms are similar to the F-4J in that they trade wing slats and an internal gun for a pulse-Doppler radar, but their turbofan engines give them much better acceleration in most flight profiles. Thus the F-4J is best played to the typical Phantom strengths of high speed and high altitude, avoiding dogfights whenever possible.

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || - || 618 || 463 || ~11 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 810 || < 750 || < 700 || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | General Electric J79-GE-10 || 2
| colspan="2" | 14,213 kg || colspan="2" | 408 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 9m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel
|-
| 1,750 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
| 15,972 kg || 18,055 kg || 20,078 kg || 26,420 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 9m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 5,240 kgf || 8,090 kgf
|1.01|| 0.90 || 0.81 || 0.61
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 5,240 kgf (0 km/h) || 10,340 kgf (1,400 km/h)
|1.29|| 1.15 || 1.03 || 0.78
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


The F-4J has no armour protection whatsoever, which is standard for the battle rating. The airframe itself can take some punishment and the two engines configuration offers some redundancy in case of heavy damage, but the Phantom's large profile makes it easy to be hit by incoming gunfire.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** Without offensive armament
** 60 x countermeasures

Like all naval Phantom models, the F-4J lacks an internal gun and is forced to rely on optional gunpods. It does have countermeasures, but they are mounted in compartments on top of the engine nacelles instead of the wing pylon dispensers seen on the F-4E. This system has a capacity of only 60 countermeasures instead of 90, which further emphasizes the need of the F-4J to stay out of trouble.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="4%" | 1 !! width="4%" | 2 !! width="4%" | 3 !! width="4%" | 4 !! width="4%" | 5 !! width="4%" | 6 !! width="4%" | 7 !! width="4%" | 8 !! width="4%" | 9 !! width="4%" | 10 !! width="4%" | 11
| rowspan="17" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_F-4C_Phantom_II.png]]</div>
|-
! [[Mk 11 mod 5 (20 mm)|20 mm Mk 11 mod 5]] cannons (750 rpg)
| || || || || || 1 || || || || ||
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 81 (250 lb)|250 lb LDGP Mk 81]] bombs
| 6 || 3 || || || || 6 || || || || 3 || 6
|-
! [[Mk 81 Snakeye (250 lb)|250 lb Mk 81 Snakeye]] bombs
| 6 || 3 || || || || 6 || || || || 3 || 6
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 82 (500 lb)|500 lb LDGP Mk 82]] bombs
| 6 || 3 || || || || 6 || || || || 3 || 6
|-
! [[Mk 82 Snakeye (500 lb)|500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye]] bombs
| 6 || 3 || || || || 6 || || || || 3 || 6
|-
! [[M117 cone 45 (750 lb)|750 lb M117 cone 45]] bombs
| 3 || 3 || || || || 3 || || || || 3 || 3
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83]] bombs
| 2 || 2 || || || || 3 || || || || 2 || 2
|-
! [[Mk 79 Mod 1 incendiary]] bombs
| 1 || || || || || 1 || || || || || 1
|-
! [[FFAR Mighty Mouse]] rockets
| 38 || 57 || || || || 57 || || || || 57 || 38
|-
! [[Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP]] rockets
| 12 || 12 || || || || 12 || || || || 12 || 12
|-
! [[AIM-7E-2 Sparrow]] missiles
| || 1*† || || 1† || 1† || || 1† || 1† || || 1*† ||
|-
! [[AIM-7F Sparrow]] missiles
| || 1*† || || 1† || 1† || || 1† || 1† || || 1*† ||
|-
! [[AIM-9D Sidewinder]] missiles
| || || 1, 2* || || || || || || 1, 2* || ||
|-
! [[AIM-9G Sidewinder]] missiles
| || || 2* || || || || || || 2* || ||
|-
! 600 gal drop tanks
| || || || || || 1 || || || || ||
|-
| colspan="12" | Maximum permissible loadout weight: 7,400 kg Maximum permissible wing load: 3,000 kg Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 1,500 kg
|-
| colspan="13" | * Sparrows on hardpoints 2/10 cannot be carried in conjunction with Sidewinders on hardpoints 3/9 respectively † AIM-7E-2 and AIM-7F Sparrow missiles cannot be mixed, only one type may be equipped across hardpoints
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
* 1 x 20 mm Mk 11 mod 5 cannon (750 rpg)
* 1 x 600 gal drop tank
* 2 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles + 1 x 20 mm Mk 11 mod 5 cannon
* 4 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles
* 6 x AIM-7E-2 Sparrow missiles
* 6 x AIM-7F Sparrow missiles
* 60 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets
* 247 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 24 x 250 lb LDGP Mk 81 bombs (6,000 lb total)
* 24 x 250 lb Mk 81 Snakeye bombs (6,000 lb total)
* 24 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (12,000 lb total)
* 24 x 500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye bombs (12,000 lb total)
* 15 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (11,250 lb total)
* 11 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (11,000 lb total)
* 3 x Mk 79 Mod 1 incendiary bombs
{{Navigation-End}}

The F-4J's arsenal does not look as impressive as its air force counterparts. While it does have the large bomb and rocket capacity that the fighter-bomber Phantoms are known for, the F-4J cannot use any guided air-to-ground munitions, not even the basic MCLOS [[AGM-12C Bullpup]] available to the F-4C. Thus, it is not very suitable for CAS in Ground RB at a battle rating where it faces long-range radar SAMs and the closest things it has to a standoff capability are firing swarms of Zuni rockets with ballistic computer assistance.

As discussed before, the F-4J does not have an internal gun. Unfortunately, it has the worst gun options of any Phantom: while the F-4C and British Phantoms have Vulcans in their gunpods, the F-4J has a unique double-barrel 20 mm Mk 11 revolver cannon using 20 x 110 mm USN rounds instead. Although it has an impressive rate of fire at 4,000 rounds per minute for a non-rotary weapon (actually faster than the Soviet [[GSh-23L (23 mm)|GSh-23L]]), this is still inferior to the Vulcan's 6,000 rounds per minute. The gunpod also only weighs slightly less than the podded Vulcan and the performance penalties are still significant.

The AAM arsenal is better and where the F-4J's technology really shines. The stock AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles are decent options. They have a slightly lower overload and acceleration than the Air Force's [[AIM-9J Sidewinder]] and have a harder time in dogfights, but the longer burning rocket motor helps it hit targets at extended ranges. The top AIM-9G Sidewinder is largely identical but has an enormous seeker cone that allows the pilot to supply a generous amount of lead. The Sidewinders are assisted by the VTAS helmet-mounted sight, which allows the player to point the missile seeker in the direction of their mouse. The AIM-9G's wide seeker cone makes it easy to acquire targets this way without needing to manoeuvre the lumbering F-4J into a good position.

The real capstone of the F-4J's armament are its radar-guided Sparrow missiles, which greatly enjoy the look-down/shoot-down capabilities offered by its pulse-Doppler radar. The AIM-7E-2 dogfight Sparrows are nice options for medium range engagements because they have a good overload of 25 G, accelerate quickly, and start tracking almost immediately after launch. The new AIM-7F Sparrows are the F-4J's most dangerous weapon. They are heavier Sparrows with an improved rocket motor that burns for a long duration, offering twice the launch range of the AIM-7E-2. The new seeker enjoys a 40 km lock range as well. The AIM-7Fs are excellent for BVR combat and can potentially skewer enemies from across the map if they do not take serious defensive measures. Even at medium ranges, the rocket motor lets the AIM-7F continuously pull quite hard and hit manoeuvring targets. One downside of the AIM-7F is that the long burn duration makes it easy for enemies to spot it, either through the in-game missile warning icon or from seeing the exhaust trail. That said, most targets will notice the RWR warning from the lock first.

Up to four Sparrows can be carried on the fuselage pylons, but what is unique among Phantoms is that the F-4J can carry Sparrows on the inboard wing pylons too (at the cost of the Sidewinders mounted on those pylons), for a grand total of 6.

== Usage in battles ==


The F-4J has the best BVR capabilities of any Rank VII Phantom because of its AN/APG-59 pulse-Doppler radar and long-range AIM-7F Sparrow missiles. It pays for this by having the worst performance and dogfight capabilities of any Rank VII Phantom, not even having the reprieve of podded Vulcans and turbofan engines available to the British Phantoms. As such, it's best for the F-4J to identify and destroy targets before they get close enough to enter a dogfight.

One approach is to climb to high altitudes, pick up speed, and look for enemies attempting to do the same thing. The F-4J can often win BVR jousts against contemporary aircraft like the [[MiG-23MLD]] because of the range and capacity of the AIM-7F. When high-altitude enemies are dispatched or forced to lower altitudes, the F-4J can use its LD/SD capabilities to snipe targets below. VTAS can also be used to slave the radar to acquire targets more quickly than through the multi-function menu or keyboard binds. However the F-4J can be matched or outclassed in BVR by Rank VIII fighters like the [[F-4EJ Kai Phantom II|F-4EJ Kai]], [[MiG-29]] (with [[R-27ER]] specifically), [[F-16 (Family)|F-16 ADF or MLU]], and [[F-14A Early|F-14A]]. The LD/SD capability is also not perfect and some low-altitude opponents cannot be acquired due to excessive ground clutter or bad luck, so be prepared to have a backup plan.

Another approach is to play the F-4J more like the F-4E and cruise at lower altitudes, maintaining speed and slinging barrages of missiles at foes. Although the pulse-Doppler radar does not help much here, the AIM-7Fs or AIM-7E-2s are still deadly. The AIM-9Gs can be put to good use because their extended range is nice for sneak attacks.

Dogfights should be avoided, but if forced into manoeuvring combat, the HMS can be quite helpful. It can lock Sidewinders onto targets that are not near the F-4J's nose, which compensates somewhat for the aircraft's poor AoA and nose authority. This can surprise enemy fighters who are pulling or rolling hard. However, the AIM-9D/G are still only 18 G missiles and lack the manoeuvrability of something like the 30 G [[R-60]] or 35 G [[R.550|Magic 1]], so just because VTAS can lock wild off-bore shots does not mean that the Sidewinder can actually hit them once launched. VTAS will also take some practice to use effectively because it is easy to lock unintended targets like teammates or the sun when looking around with the missile seeker active.

Although the gunpod hurts performance, it is worth equipping in Air RB. The F-4J will be unable to out perform many opponents like the [[MiG-23MLD]] or [[Mirage 2000 (Family)|Mirage 2000s]] even without the gunpod, so there is little use in not carrying the gunpod for the relatively minor increase in performance. Furthermore, bringing only air-to-air missiles in Air RB is overall not effective when many situations will prop up where having a gun would be excellent.
=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Equipped with a pulse-Doppler radar, allowing targets close to the ground to be tracked and engaged
* Large selection of unguided munitions for ground attack
* Has a helmet mounted sight to launch AIM-9Gs off-boresight and slew the radar
* Good air-to-air missile combinations
** Can carry up to six powerful AIM-7F Sparrow missiles, which have a long burn time resulting in great range and sustained manoeuvrability
** AIM-9G IR missiles have good range and decent 18G overload capability

'''Cons:'''

* Large target
* No guided air-to-ground weaponry
* No internal gun, external gunpod negatively affects performance
* Has poor manoeuvrability as it lacks the F-4E's leading-edge slats
* Top speed and acceleration, while decent, isn't nearly enough to outrun the majority of opponents
* Lower countermeasure capacity than other Phantoms

== History ==

The F-4J Phantom is an upgrade of the previous F-4B variant, designed with the intent to improve the Phantom's air-to-air combat capabilities, based on lessons learned in combat during the Vietnam War. These upgrades included a more advanced radar (the AN/APG-59 pulse-Doppler radar), an improved fire control system, upgraded engines, increased options for secondary ordnance, while the infrared sensor under the nose was omitted. Over 500 F-4Js were built from 1966, and saw action at the end of the Vietnam War during Operation Linebacker in 1972. Lt. Randy "Duke" Cunningham and Radar-Intercept Officer Lt. Junior-Grade Willy Driscoll became aces while flying an F-4J, after shooting downing three MiG-17s on May 10, 1972.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=f-4j Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer McDonnell}}
{{USA jet aircraft}}

Kingcobra (USA)

2023-10-23T02:48:57Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = American figher '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = P-63 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=p-63c-5_kingcobra_animal_version
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_p-63c-5_kingcobra_animal_version.jpg
|market=␠Kingcobra
}}

== Description ==

After the Merlin-powered P-63B failed to come to fruition, production moved to the P-63C. It was powered by an improved Allison engine that came equipped with water injection which could boost power up to an impressive 1,800 hp. The wing span was also shortened, but was otherwise largely the same as the P-63A. The C-5 in particular had a ventral fin to help with stability and had more armour. Over 1,000 P-63Cs were produced and delivered well into the war. Many were sent to the Soviets under the lend-lease program but around 100 were also sent to France. This specific Kingcobra isn't based on any historical aircraft but features a unique skin that resembles the scales of a snake.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was introduced in [[Update 1.77 "Advancing Storm"]] as a reward vehicle for the [[wt:en/news/5424-event-flying-serpent-crouching-tiger-en|2018 "Flying Serpent, Crouching Tiger"]] crafting event. Other than the skin, the '''{{Specs|name}}''' is the same as the regular tech tree [[P-63C-5]]. It has the same performance, offensive weaponry, and suspended armament. The P-63C-5 received an updated version of the Allison V-1710 that made a lot more power than previous Kingcobras. It also was better suited at higher altitudes thanks to the addition of a supercharger optimized for high-altitude. However, many of its opponents will be able to outperform the Kingcobra at high altitude so players should stick to low altitude for dogfighting. The Kingcobra also suffers from compression so aggressive, high-speed dives at low altitudes are not recommended.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,572 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
|626||610|| rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} ||24.3||25.1||17.1||17.1|| rowspan="2" | 289
|-
! Upgraded
| 711 || 663 || 22.3 || 23.0 || 28.5 || 21.7
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 887  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 378 || 359 || 262 || ~12 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 410 || < 380 || < 410 || > 420
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 15.87 mm Steel - Plates x 2, lower fore cockpit
* 19.05 mm Steel - Plate, upper fore cockpit
* 12.7 mm Steel - Plate behind pilot's seat
* 12.7 mm Steel - Plate protecting oil cooling system
* 38 mm Bulletproof glass - Windscreen

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M10 (37 mm)|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 37 mm M10 cannon, nose-mounted (58 rpg)
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (250 rpg = 500 total)
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 400 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 3 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (1,500 lb total)

== Usage in battles ==


Like the regular [[P-63C-5]] aircraft is an improved version of the [[P-63A-10]] carrying the same armament and main gun. The aircraft is still a high altitude interceptor/ Energy fighter, with its turn radius slightly better than before. The quick dive speed and high energy retention allows the player, with the correct altitude, to engage opponents below numerous times using the high yo-yo method. This aircraft should not be used for ground attacking due to its average ammo count.

The 37 mm M10 cannon is ridiculously powerful. Aim carefully when firing, and do not fire too quickly, lest your gun jam and you lose your main weapon. A single shot to a wing or fuselage of an enemy plane will be all that it takes to bring it down.

The M2 Brownings are similar to the guns on the Bf-109 - spotters. Use them to judge the range for your cannon shot. They are almost useless (except for those lucky pilot snipes) offensively.

The C-5 is relatively unchanged to its predecessors. It has the same amount of ammo, but a lower climb rate than the A-10. However, this is relatively trivial as both planes are generally evenly matched. Keep this in mind, though, when selecting your load out of planes.

It is recommended to use the P-63 against large fighters and bombers. It is far easier to hit a bomber with the cannon then a small fighter with it.

Head-on attacks are not advisable- the large cannon combined with the relatively weak M2s make for poor head on accuracy. Only engage in head-ons if you are absolutely confident in your aim.

BnZing is also an effective tactic with this plane. Its large cannon makes getting shots while diving relatively easy, and its high climb rate and energy retention can get it to safety.

Bomber hunting is also extremely effective with the P-63- a large bomber is far easier to hit with a massive cannon. A single shot can take off a bomber's wing. However, don't spam the cannon. Keep the delay between shots at a 1-1.5 seconds. Firing too quickly will result in a jam, which makes your plane almost useless offensively.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent dive speed
* Excellent energy retention
* Better-than-average climb rate
* Good flat out speed
* Good cannon damage

'''Cons:'''

* Average turn time
* Worse-than-average performance at low speeds
* Ineffective armament against higher ranked aircraft
* Prone to engine damage when being chased

== History ==

The P-63C-5 was the second production series of the P-63 Kingcobra. The main improvement was the more powerful Allison V-1710-117 engine, capable of producing 1,500 hp on war emergency power and 1,800 hp with water injection. Additionally, the wingspan was reduced by 10 inches. 1,227 P-63C Kingcobras were produced.

Although being produced in the United States, the P-63 Kingcobra was not heavily used by American forces for combat operations. Instead, they were often converted to target aircraft for aerial gunnery training. Most P-63s, though, were exported to the Soviet Union during the war through the Lend-Lease Act.

The P-63 was removed from the Soviet western front in 1943 in order to focus the units on the east for an eventual invasion of Japan. However, both Soviet units and German units reported the presence of P-63 fighters on that front. One Soviet account goes as far as to say that the entire 4th Guards Aviation Regiment (4 GvlAP) was converted to the P-63 in 1944, while they were officially flying the P-39. German accounts also detail the downing of P-63 aircraft by flak guns and fighter aircraft. The official Soviet records still claim that only P-39s were used against Germany.

In the time before the P-63s were transferred to the east, it had been proven as a capable fighter, although there is a widely believed myth that P-63s were used only in the ground attack role. The Kingcobra was able to achieve a number of victories over German aircraft in that time. In the Pacific theatre, P-63s were used during the Soviet invasion of Manchuko and northern Korea. They flew ground attack, close air support, and escort missions in that theatre. The first Soviet air victory with the type in the Pacific was on 15 August 1945, when Lejtenant I. F. Miroshnichenko from 17th IAP/190 IAD, shot down a Nakajima Ki-43 Hayabusa IJAAS fighter off the coast of North Korea.

The Soviet Air Force maintained large quantities of P-63 Kingcobras after the war, with P-63s remaining in service throughout the Korean War in the 1950's.

The French Air Force (Armée de l'Air) received 114 P-63 Kingcobras in 1945. These units were received too late to participate in World War 2, and they were first deployed to Algeria. When the French Indochina War broke out, the P-63s were sent to Indochina immediately. By January 1950, only 60 P-63s remained operational due to a lack of spare parts since the United States refused to provide them. The squadrons equipped with the Kingcobra began to receive the F8F Bearcat in February 1951, and the P-63 was taken out of service soon after. The last flight of a P-63 in Indochina occurred in September 1951.

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=p-63c-5_kingcobra_animal_version Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Bell}}
{{USA fighters}}
{{USA premium aircraft}}

Do 217 N-2

2023-10-22T05:27:43Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = German twin-engine fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Do 217 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=do_217n_2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The Do 217 N was one of the many variants built off the Do 217 platform. The Do 217 itself is essentially a bigger, more powerful version of the [[Do 17 (Family)|Do 17]]. It was a stark contrast to the Do 17 in many ways. While the Do 17 was intended for performance and subsequently had a weak bomb load, the Do 217 had comparable bomb loads to even the He 111. The Do 217 served in many roles, from regular bombing to attacking ships with guided munition such as the [[PC 1400 X (1,400 kg)|Fritz-X]] radio-controlled bomb. The Do 217 was in service even after World War II with the Swiss Air Force.

The Do 217 N was based off the 217 M, which introduced the Daimler-Benz "DB 603" engine. It provided a substantial increase in power and led to a significant number of subvariants. This also led to the Do 217 N, which was intended for nighttime duties against Allied bomber formations. The 217 N had substantially more armament including the addition of four upward-facing [[MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 151]] cannons mounted aft of the pilot. In theory, pilots would fly below a bomber and then use the upward-facing cannons to attack. An IR spanner and headlight would be used to accurately guide shots on target. The N-2 was a minor development from the [[Do 217 N-1|N-1]] and weighed less due to the removal of the bomb bay equipment.

Introduced in [[Update 1.39]], the Dornier '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a very unique aircraft. It is one of the few aircraft in-game that features fixed, upward-facing cannons. The 217 N-2 also comes equipped with the FuG-220 search radar, which can detect targets up to 8 km (4.97 mi) away. In addition to the Schräge Musik cannons, the 217 N-2 also comes armed with four forward-facing [[MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 151]] cannons supplemented by another four 7.92 mm machine guns. With good aim, players can easily destroy fighters and bombers. However, the Do 217 is still a bomber airframe, so it cannot effectively dogfight enemy aircraft. It is highly advised to stick to teammates or pair up with a squadmate who is using a fighter.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 495 || 477 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 28.9 || 30.1 || 4.6 || 4.5 || rowspan="2" | 800
|-
! Upgraded
| 539 || 515 || 26.5 || 27.7 || 9.4 || 6.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 351 || 270 || ~9 || ~7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 290 || < 360 || < 360 || > 250
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,000 m || 3,000 hp || 3,330 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8.5 mm steel - bulkhead in front of the cockpit
* 50 mm bulletproof glass - armoured windscreen and cockpit roof
* 5 mm steel - a box containing Schrage Musik cannons
* 5 mm steel - plate in the tail

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 17 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 20 mm MG 151/20 cannons, chin-mounted (200 rpg = 800 total)
* 4 x 20 mm MG 151/20 cannons, Schräge Musik mounted in mid fuselage (200 rpg = 800 total)
* 4 x 7.92 mm MG 17 machine guns, nose-mounted (1,000 rpg = 4,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==


The Do 217 N-2 plays similar to most other heavy fighters, in that it is reliant on delivering a quick knock out punch to an enemy to be effective. However, the aircraft has two unusual traits, which make for different play styles than other heavy fighters. The first is the lack of any form of turret weaponry. This makes the N-2 a unique member in the German heavy fighter line, as virtually all other heavy fighters either have a tail gunner or are agile enough to not need one. The second feature is the inclusion of a set of vertical firing cannons, known as Schräge Musik. This weapon package brings a unique benefit to the table. As most bombers lack the ability to fire their turrets directly under themselves, you can fire away with near-complete immunity to retaliation from enemy gunners.

However, the N-2 is undeniably slow and has crushingly poor manoeuvring. This makes the lack of any form of turret defence all the more noticeable. Caution must be taken to avoid more nimble enemies when possible, as you will be greatly outclassed otherwise.

While the aircraft as a whole seems heavily dependent on lumbering up to a high altitude, and then slowly hunting down bombers, there does exist a fun, if unconventional, alternative. The alternative approach is to go about strafing ground targets, while flying upside down. The main reason for upside down strafing is the Schräge Musik. By flying inverted, you can strafe a large number of ground units in a single pass, while remaining fairly high above the trees. This combines well with the fact that the vertical and forward cannons use the same ammo belts. This tactic can even be put to use around airfields, putting a quick end to anyone on the ground. The only thing to remember when doing this is to always keep a close eye on your altitude. Flying upside down will cause you to fall fairly quickly, so do remember to roll back to right side up in time to avoid crashing. Results are not guaranteed.

* In simulator, the Schräge Musik provides a brand new way for bomber hunting. This weapon system is easy to learn but hard to master, and should only be used if the bomber is flying high, preferably above 800 m. if it is low, you are more likely to crash if you cannot control the aircraft well enough, or you can just use the forward-firing cannons. As you slide underneath a bomber, go into the Schräge Musik mode, and carefully align the reticle to the target. There is no set distance of how far below the target you should be, so the reticle will not always point towards where the shells will actually end up, so do fire some short bursts first to see if you are leading too much or not enough. Adjust the lead by controlling the pitch of the plane. Now as you watch the reticle move, you must also constantly scan the altimeter. This is because that in the Schräge Musik mode, you are just staring at the blank sky above so you are likely to lose sense of direction and not know whether you are diving or climbing. If the number jumps down rapidly, pull stick up immediately. To move the reticle sideways involve a combination of rudder and aileron input, which takes some practice. Each Schräge Musik cannon holds 200 rounds which leaves room for trial and error as they are indeed hard to aim. With precise aiming they are super efficient at destroying wings, fuselage and engines.

===Radars===
{{main|FuG 220}}

The Do 217 N-2 is equipped with a [[FuG 220]] search radar, located in the nose of the aircraft; a control box which is part of the radar damage model is located behind the pilot.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | [[FuG 220]] - Target Detection Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Detection Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Guaranteed Detection Range|The range, below which, detection of a target is practically guaranteed}}
! {{Annotation|Max Azimuth Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Max Elevation Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
|-
| 5,000 m || 5,000 m || ±35° || -55°/+20°
|-
|}

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very deadly nose mounted armament (4 x 20 mm cannons and 4 x 7.92 mm MGs) with fast fire rate, great one-second burst mass, destructive damage, flexible belt types and plenty of ammo (200 RPG for the cannons, 1,000 RPG for the MGs). This makes it excellent at head-on attacks against any aircraft, especially bombers and attackers
* Rigid construction that can take a lot of punishment from MG fire. It also barely catches fire
* Has access to a target detection radar which most planes don't have. Rather useful in clouds or with bad weather / low visibility
* Decent dive acceleration allowing it to easily dive at more than 500 km/h, outrunning slower opponents like the I-16 and F4F
* Improved ballistic performance of the 20 mm MG 151 over the FF/M allows for firing both the machine guns and cannons at the same time and hit the target accurately
* The 20 mm AP shells, its huge ammo capacity and the 8 x 50 kg bombs give it ground pounding ability to some extent
* Its appearance and name are very identical to its bomber variants. The player can sometimes utilise this and lure the unprepared enemy into a surprising head-on
* Schräge Musik can be a devastating surprise, for example upside down strafing. While unconventional, it can be of great fun and effect

'''Cons:'''

* Extremely poor manoeuvrability. Turn time is more than 27 second even when upgraded, meaning it might get out-turned by attackers like the IL-2, A-20G or even bombers like the B-25
* Control surfaces tend to lock up at more than 500 km/h. Due to this, when diving it might not be able to pull up in time, or cannot pull the lead properly
* No defensive firepower makes it totally defenseless against any chasers
* Poor climb rate and energy retention makes it hard to intercept high-flying bombers
* Poor roll rate makes it hard to respond to offensive / defensive manoeuvres (e.g. scissors). The I-16 now becomes a deadly opponent due to its superior roll rate
* The fixed angle of the Schräge Musik makes it very hard to use, thus severely limiting its value in most scenarios
* Its poor flight performance makes it thoroughly difficult to effectively combat other fighters
* Is a big target which is easy to get hit

== History ==


{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}|expand=true}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
Dornier Do 217 N-2 night twin-engine fighter.

In December 1942, the Do 217 N-2 night fighter was launched into full-scale production. Originally, planes of this variant were not equipped with defensive turrets, their bomb door was sealed shut, and no bomb release system was installed.

A more advanced FuG 212 Lichtenstein C-1 radar was mounted on the aircraft, different from the FuG 202 in its smaller weight, its modified antennas which provided lower aerodynamic resistance, and its enhanced accuracy. The effective detection range of the new radar was 100 to 2,000 m.

The above-mentioned measures helped significantly reduce the aircraft's takeoff weight, even though its armour had been reinforced (with an additional armour plate under the pilot's seat). The Do 217 N-2's speed and ceiling were higher than those of the N-1 variant.

As on the Do 217 N-1, a Schräge Musik mount could be installed on the aircraft.

During full-scale production, some aircraft received an even more advanced FuG 220 Lichtenstein SN-2 radar. This radar was able to operate when the British used passive radar interference, that is, fragments of metal foil scattered in the air by British bombers to blind German radars.

Some Do 217 N-2s had a FuG 227 Flensburg radio direction finder tuned to the operating frequency of the British Monica radar which was installed in the tail section of RAF bombers to warn when German night fighters appeared. The use of the FuG 227 enabled German night fighters to reliably detect Allied bombers within a distance of up to 100 km and then pursue them.

In addition, one more radio direction finder, the FuG 350 Naxos Z, could be mounted on the Do 217N to detect British bomber units. It allowed the detection, within a distance of up to 50 km, of signals from the British H2S blind bombing radar system, which was installed on pathfinder aircraft flying in front of the bomber units.

The Do 217 N-2's production was discontinued in December 1943. A combined total of 364 Do 217s night fighters were built, including 130 Do 217Js and 234 Do 217Ns.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=do_217n_2 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|MNacjyimuCQ|'''The Shooting Range #95''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 12:02 discusses the Do 217 N-2.|LguBHOwyjyo|''(Arcade): {{PAGENAME}}''' - ''tx141TX''}}

== See also ==


;Related development
* [[Do 217 (Family)]]

;Other aircraft equipped with Schräge Musik
* [[Ki-45 tei]]{{-}}[[Ki-45 hei/tei (China)]]
* [[Bf 110 G-4]]{{-}}[[Bf 110 G-4 (Italy)]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/436317-do217n-12/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Dornier}}
{{Germany twin-engine fighters}}

Do 17 E-1

2023-10-22T05:07:09Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = German bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Do 17 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=do_17e_1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The Do-17 was a light bomber developed by Dornier for the Luftwaffe. It was originally designed very early in the 1930s and saw combat during the Spanish Civil War and, subsequently, World War II. It was developed as a "Schnellbomber" (fast bomber), and it can be clearly seen in its design. Its almost pencil-like airframe earned the Do 17 the nickname "flying pencil". Its fuselage made it a relatively hard target to hit from directly behind and helped it reach a respectable top speed of 338 km/h (210 mph). The E-1 was fitted with two BMW VI V12 engines, which produced around 739 hp each. The thin fuselage, which helped with performance, unfortunately came with the drawback of a relatively low bomb load. The E-1 comes armed with an offensive 7.92 mm machine gun and is defended by two turrets also utilizing 7.92 mm machine guns.

Introduced in [[Update 1.51 "Cold Steel"]], the '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a decently fast bomber. At its battle rating, many enemy fighters will struggle to catch up to the Do 17 in a dive thanks to its structural speed limit of 640 km/h (397 mph). This is also the Do 17's best defense against enemy fighters since it has very weak defensive armament. There is a single 7.92 mm machine gun turret mounted on top of the fuselage and another 7.92 mm machine gun turret mounted on the bottom. These have limited firing angles, and it will be difficult to quickly take down enemy opponents that get close. Since the Do 17 was optimized for speed, it also has a relatively weak bomb load and can only carry up to 500 kg of bombs.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 336 || 324 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 35.3 || 38.0 || 0.9 || 0.9 || rowspan="2" | 350
|-
! Upgraded
| 379 || 357 || 31.2 || 33.0 || 9.9 || 4.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 498 || 469 || 320 || ~7 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 290 || < 300 || < 300 || > 280
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 3,050 m || 585 hp || 749 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The Do 17 E-1 does not have any armour. There are 2 fuel tanks, with 1 close to each wingroot.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 15 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 7.92 mm MG 15 machine gun, nose-mounted (375 rpg)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC50JA (50 kg)|SC250JA (250 kg)|Flam C 250 incendiary}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 10 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (500 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (500 kg total)
* 2 x Flam C 250 incendiary bombs

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 15 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 7.92 mm MG 15 machine gun, dorsal turret (750 rpg)
* 1 x 7.92 mm MG 15 machine gun, ventral turret (375 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

The Do 17 E-1 can be used in two distinct methods. The pilot can dive to low altitude to reach higher speeds and use the 10 x 50 kg bombs to eliminate ground targets or it can be used as a support bomber flying behind other heavy bombers and finishing bases. This approach is dangerous and less rewarding because you are slow as you climb and fighters can easily pick you off.

Bombers capable of attacking with machine guns or cannon pods (e.g. [[B-25J-1|B-25s]] or [[Ju 87 (Family)|Ju 87s]]) can constitute early threats and any climbing fighters will easily out turn you and pick off your engines or control surfaces.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Does not frequently meet fighters armed with cannons or HMGs
* Decent payload for its rank
* Has a very short takeoff run
* Is one of the few German bombers with a machine gun armament
* Has great manoeuvrability, compared to other bombers of its rank
* Has both a dorsal and ventral gunner

'''Cons:'''

* Slow compared to other bombers, formations are difficult to maintain
* Big target
* Like most German bombers of its rank, lacks defence against any fighter
* Cannot fly with only one engine, it will be able to maintain speed and altitude only for a short time
* Light defensive armament can only protect from 4 to 8 o'clock high and vertically below

== History ==

The Dornier 17 was a bomber operated by the German Luftwaffe and produced by Dornier Flugzeugwerke. Designed as a twin-engine fast bomber (Schnellbomber) as soon as 1933, its role was to perform bombing runs and then evade opposing aircraft by relying on its speed. The opposition at the time was mostly biplanes and early monoplane fighters. The initial variant of the bomber, the Do 17 E-1 variant entered production at the end of 1936. The E-1 had a low bomb load due to its small internal bomb bay and to the parasitic drag created by externally-mounted bombs. 328 Do 17 E were produced, they were operated by the Luftwaffe and the Yugoslav Air Force which had purchased 36 planes. When WW2 broke out, the Do 17 was along the He 111 one of the main bombers used by the Luftwaffe. It was used as a frontline bomber to support advancing troops, bomb enemy positions and airfields and as a reconnaissance aircraft to spot enemy columns and movements.

The Do 17 E-1 was the first Do 17 to see combat in the Spanish Civil War in 1937, in the ranks of the Condor Legion. The E-1 saw further action during the Anschluss, the Sudeten crisis and the Invasion of Poland in the ranks of the Luftwaffe. The E-1 was then converted to or replaced by more modern variants before the Invasion of France and the Low Countries.

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=do_17e_1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Dornier}}
{{Germany bombers}}

Ju 188 A-2

2023-10-22T03:54:45Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{Specs-Card
|code=ju-188a-2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The [[Ju 88 (Family)|Ju 88]] was one of Junkers proposals for the Schnellbomber (high-speed bomber) program. It featured a unique airframe design and had relatively low drag compared to other bomber designs. Over the years, the Ju 88 went through multiple revisions and variants, such as the Ju 88 A-4. In 1939, the RLM issued a specification for a new line of Schnellbombers. Junkers submitted the Ju 88 B, which was an [[Ju 88 A-1|A-1]] airframe fitted with much more powerful engines. Although the performance left much to be desired, work continued.

Junkers also submitted the Ju 288 for RLM's new requirement, but it became clear to both Junkers and RLM that it wouldn't be ready any time in the near future. RLM was essentially left with no choice but to accept whatever performance gains the Ju 88 B had against the growing Soviet and British air forces. The numerous upgrades led to the Ju 188, which was heavily upgraded over the original Ju 88. It featured more defensive armament and airframe changes. Part of the RLM's requirement also stated that the new bomber had to be capable of mounting the BMW 801 radial engine. The Ju 188 A's were fitted with the Jumo 213 engine, while the Ju 188 E variant was fitted with the BMW 801 engine.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was introduced in [[Update 1.97 "Viking Fury"]]. Although it was intended to be a light bomber that could hit high speeds, the Ju 188 still has very respectable bomb loadouts, with one loadout consisting of up to 3,000 kg of bombs. However, although the 188 is classified as a bomber, it lacks a bombsight. The Ju 188 A-2 has a structural limit of 675 km/h (419 mph), so players can quickly dive to enemy bases to accurately drop bombs. As for defensive armament, the Ju 188 A-2 comes with five turrets, ranging from 7.92 mm machine guns to 20 mm cannons.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 495 || 477 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 33.4 || 34.5 || 5.4 || 5.4 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| 547 || 520 || 30.7 || 32.0 || 11.3 || 8.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 457 || 428 || 280 || ~12 || ~9
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 370 || < 360 || < 450 || > 290
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 5 mm steel in front of rearmost dorsal gunner*
* 6 mm steel on top of dorsal gun ammo
* 6 mm steel under and in front of ventral gunner*
* 6 mm steel around turret ring of dorsal gunner**
* 6 mm steel in front of dorsal gunner
* 6 mm steel in front of dorsal gunner's face
* 6 mm steel behind base of pilot's seat
* 8 mm steel - pilot's seat
* 60 mm bulletproof glass in front of rearmost dorsal gunner*
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 in central fuselage, 2 in each wing)

<nowiki>*</nowiki>Note that the gunner is rear-facing.

<nowiki>**</nowiki>The "dorsal gunner" and not the "rearmost dorsal gunner" is the one closer to the pilot.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC50JA (50 kg)|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)|SC1000L2 (1,000 kg)|SC1800B (1,800 kg)}}
{{main|Flam C 250 incendiary|Flam C 500 incendiary}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 10 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (500 kg total)
* 6 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 6 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs + 10 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg SC500K bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg SC500K bombs + 10 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg SC500K bombs + 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs + 10 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 2 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 2 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bombs + 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs + 10 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (3,000 kg total)
* 1 x 1,800 kg SC1800B bomb + 1 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bomb (2,800 kg total)
* 1 x 1,800 kg SC1800B bomb + 3 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (2,550 kg total)
* 4 x Flam C 250 incendiary bombs
* 6 x Flam C 250 incendiary bombs
* 2 x Flam C 500 incendiary bombs

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 131 (13 mm)|MG 81 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 20 mm MG 151 cannon, nose turret (250 rpg)
* 1 x 20 mm MG 151 cannon, top dorsal turret (250 rpg)
* 1 x 13 mm MG 131 machine gun, lower dorsal turret (500 rpg)
* 2 x 7.92 mm MG 81 machine guns, ventral turret (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==

While utilising a stock version of the aircraft, choosing the option to use the 50SC x 10 payload performs best for when rushing ground troops, of course, when possible, drop them more on one target. As soon as you have better payload options, you also have the opportunity to go for bases.

At the beginning of the match, you should always go into a shallow dive to maximise your speed, and by that the chance to get to your target before anybody else, and cover the underside of the plane by simply flying close to the ground. Your 20 mm cannon on top of the the canopy is deadly, and as soon as you have the universal belt unlocked, you can shoot down multiple enemy fighters before going down yourself. However, try to avoid head-ons because of your glass cockpit and mind that your 20mm can't fire directly behind the plane because the rudder blocks it.

If you have all loadouts unlocked, the one with the 2x1000kg, 2x250kg and 10x50kg is the best for destroying bases. The 2x250kg drop at the same time from your wingtips and with one 1000kg bomb, the other 11 bombs are enough for a second base in Arcade mode. In Realistic mode, it is advised to open the bomb door before reaching the target, and to tap the bomb key 4 times to drop the appropriate number of bombs. This will guarantee the destruction of one base, and leave you with a total of nine 50 kg that can then be used for ground striking or to possibly damage another base. This is also the loadout with the most payload so you should use it for the airfields as well. Concerning ground targets, you can use the loadout you prefer, just make sure you have 3 bomb drops before you get to the 50 kg bombs in the bomb bay.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fast bomber, faster than the Do 217 series
* Manoeuvrable, even better with empty payload when returning to base
* Versatile payload options with 3,000 kg of maximum payload
* Defensive armament is an upgrade from the Do 217 series
* Durable, can survive hits that might down other bombers of similar size
* Rear gunners are protected by several armour plates
* Top 20 mm turret has a full circle traverse
* Powerful engines
* Fast-deploying landing gear
* WEP can be used for long periods of time

'''Cons:'''

* Doesn't have the ability to dive bomb accurately
* No armour from the front
* Abysmal stock payload

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ju-188a-2 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|XNOyL9mH9yE|'''Ju-188 A-2 Spade Review. Good, but not worth a 5.3 BR''' - ''Joseph 2000''|SJGTWZTO8o8|'''Ju 188 A-2 - Update 1.97 Dev Server''' - ''TheEuropeanCanadian''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/479239-ju-188a-2/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Junkers}}
{{Germany bombers}}

Hs 123 A-1

2023-10-21T23:22:19Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = German bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the Chinese version
| link = Hs 123 A-1 (China)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=hs-123a-1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

Designed in the early 1930s, the Hs 123 was a single-seat dive bomber that served with the Luftwaffe from the Spanish Civil War all the way to 1944. In 1933, the Luftwaffe set out a requirement for a dive bomber. Henschel, who was mainly a train manufacturer, began designing and developing planes. The Hs 123 was developed for the Luftwaffe requirement and won the contract over the Fieseler Fi 98. The Hs 123 had its first public flight in 1935 and featured all-metal construction and a sesquiplane design. The prototype was fitted with a 650 hp engine, but the production version utilized an almost 900 hp engine. Almost 1,000 Hs 123s were produced, with them serving in the bomber role as well as reconnaissance duties. It served for just under 10 years and was only brought out of service due to the lack of spare parts.

Introduced in [[Update 1.59 "Flaming Arrows"]], the '''{{Specs|name}}''' is an excellent biplane bomber. It features two loadouts: four 50 kg bombs or a loadout consisting of a single 250 kg bomb. The Hs 123 also comes armed with two 7.92 mm machine guns mounted in the nose, with 500 rounds per gun. Since it's classified as a bomber, the Hs 123 has a bomber air spawn, which provides a significant advantage against enemy fighters. The all-metal construction also gives the Hs 123 a very respectable structural speed limit of 577 km/h (358 mph).
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Hs 123 behaves very similarly to other Interwar period designed fighter biplanes, relatively slow but highly manoeuvrable aircraft, this in particular being somewhat slower and with a lower climb rate because of its payload.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 293 || 289 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 15.8 || 16.5 || 8.2 || 8.2 || rowspan="2" | 294
|-
! Upgraded
| 325 || 310 || 14.4 || 15.0 || 16.8 || 12.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 300 || 274 || 190 || ~13 || ~8
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 220 || < 220 || < 380 || > 270
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 850 m || 660 hp || 747 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 5 mm steel - pilot's headrest

As with most Interwar-period designed biplanes, the Hs 123 A-1 has no armour and offers no protection to its pilot nor its critical components (engine, not self-sealing fuel tanks, oil-cooling systems), so the survivability depends on the pilot's skills. Being a metallic-frame, cloth-covered construction and not having self-sealing fuel tanks, regular Ball and AP rounds won't damage it a lot (unless they directly hit the pilot), but it's especially susceptible to Incendiary and Tracer rounds, which can ignite it if they hit the fuel tanks, or the cloth cover itself.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 17 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 7.92 mm MG 17 machine guns, nose-mounted (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC50JA (50 kg)|SC250JA (250 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 4 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (200 kg total)
* 1 x 250 kg SC250JA bomb + 4 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (450 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==

Being a dive-bomber, its main role is rather self-explanatory. However, its frontal armament makes it feasible to be used in a fighter role, especially after dropping its bombs, which leaves a lighter and in consequence faster and more manoeuvrable plane.

In AB, the Hs 123 is a ground attacker/emergency fighter. Use your bomb load and guns to dispatch as many ground targets as possible, while making sure to keep the enemy off of your six. If someone does get on your six, pull a snap turn and keep him from getting a good shot on you for as long as possible. If you can't get onto his six you'll have to hope help arrives soon.

In air RB, the tactics change massively. Use your bomber spawn to stay above the enemy team, and dive only after the enemy fighters have passed below you. Hit their tanks and other targets with your bombs through either dive bombing or low level bombing (set a 2 second fuse then fly as low as you can, dropping just before you lose sight of the target). After your bomb load is exhausted, engage soft targets for a while. If there are none it's time that you kill some of the enemy team, begin to climb and look for damaged fighters/attackers returning to their airfield, then pounce on them. Your 7.92 mm machine guns are good, but be sure to aim for wings, as most aircraft you'll face will likely be able to absorb most of the MG bullets you put into their fuselage.

The ''Stealth'' belt is recommended for ground attack, being made up of Armour-Piercing and Incendiary rounds, while ''Tracers'' are better suited for air targets (being Armour-Piercing and Incendiary thanks to its Tracer component).

In tank RB, the Hs 123 has huge potentials but often depends on the pilot's bomb-dropping skills and the enemy vehicles. Your bombload is fantastic for a plane at this BR, making you a great ground attacker in tank RB. The 4 x 50 kg bombs drop first in groups of 2, so use them for light vehicles or SPAAs. If the target tank has no armour (e.g. GAZ-AA, FlakPz I, etc), only drop one group of 50 kg bombs, whereas if they are armoured tanks, drop the two groups together. Then the single 250 kg can destroy anything and will be much easier to aim thanks to its larger fragment range. Note that you need to lead more for both 50 kg & 250 kg bombs, as the Hs 123 is quite slow, resulting in a lower momentum for the bombs comparing to later planes. Also, if tracer shells start to come near you as you dive, immediately pull off or dodge. The Hs 123 is very fragile, with its wing easily ripped off by a few bullets and the pilot easily sniped. The large radial engine is also prone to taking damage. After all the bombs are gone, you can start looking for incoming enemy planes. You have a good chance of out turning most planes with your combat / takeoff flaps down, so lure them into turn fights when possible.

In simulator, the Hs 123 is quite a decent multi-role plane to fly. It has great visibility towards the lower sides meaning it is easy to search for ground targets, its over-the-nose visibility is also decent. The upper front view is obstructed by the upper wing, and the rear view is blocked by the razorback design, as a result you cannot see what is on your tail. Its control handling is great at all speeds, making it a rather stable platform for ground pounding and an easy plane to take off and land in. It can perform base bombing, ground pounding and dogfighting. Bring the least fuel if you know that your targets are not far away, otherwise bring at least 30 minutes of fuel for prolonged patrolling and fighting. Note that you want to use 85-90% throttle as the oil easily overheats with either WEP or 100% throttle, so save the WEP for emergency manoeuvres.

For base bombing, it is recommended to fly at treetop level to get to the base as soon as possible since the Hs 123 is quite slow. When approaching the base, make sure that you are flying to its side so it can be seen from your side window and not get blocked by the nose. Once you see it, dive at it at a shallow angle. When the gunsight slices past the furthest edge of the base, release all the bombs, bank towards a nearby airfield and head back.

For ground pounding with bombs, look for tanks and pillboxes. First you need some separation between you and the target so you have enough time to smooth the aim. Dive at the target at a rather shallow angle, and release the 50 kg bombs when you are very close with gunsight above the target. Release the 250 kg when the gunsight is well above the target. Note: don't forget to set a fuse for at least 2 seconds since you are dropping bombs very low. If you only use the MGs, your targets are trucks, AAA and howitzers. Dive at it and stabilise the plane so the gunsight stays overall still at the target. Then, once the target fills out around 1/6 of the gunsight, open fire. If your aim is accurate you can destroy one target in a single pass. However, each MG only has 500 rounds and their rate of fire is pretty fast, so control the trigger to save some ammo for any unexpected dogfights.

For dogfighting, it is better to engage with an altitude advantage. Track the opponent using lead or pure pursuit, as with lag pursuit you will end up at the 6 of the target aircraft whose fuselage will soak up most of your bullets. With a reflector sight and decent visibility over the nose, the aim should be easy. Target their wings or the nose and avoid the back half of the fuselage as there is usually nothing in there. You can turn with most planes, even with the infamous I-15, with your combat / takeoff flaps deployed. However, if you see a plane with an I-15's short and fat fuselage, a flat radial engine and triangular stabilisers located right after the low-mounted mono wings, consider disengaging. The I-16 is faster than you, turns equally well and can cripple your fragile Hs 123 even with 2 x MGs. If an I-16 is on your tail, a tactic to counter it is to utilise your stableness. Deflect both your ailerons and elevators for around 70% to get into a barrel roll. If the I-16 is to follow and cut inside your roll, it is super likely to enter a flatspin due to its unstableness in manoeuvres. Perform the barrel roll tighter and tighter until the I-16 loses control and spins, then turn around and shoot. Or, simple do flat turns but turn tightly, a tight-turning I-16 is also prone to enter flatspins, however this is at risk of getting shot before it loses control.

Landing is easy thanks to the low stall speed and lovely handling. Line up and approach the airstrip at treetop, decrease speed to at most 210 km/h and deploy combat, takeoff and landing flaps in order. The touchdown speed should be no more than 140 km/h to avoid bouncing up. Release brakes immediately as soon as the nose starts dipping down to avoid propeller strike.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Extremely sharp control input allows it to turn sharply
* Good manoeuvrability and nimble, can turn-fight other attackers / bombers like the [[SB2 (Disambiguation)|SB]] series
* Powerful selection of bombs, up to 450 kg
* Fast BMW-132 radial engine
* Can be used as a fighter-bomber after dropping payload. Very useful in tank RB
* Although not effective, the MG-17 machine guns can decimate ground targets with a few bursts of fire
* Bomber spawn in RB gives it altitude advantage over enemy fighters

'''Cons:'''

* Easy to rip your wings off when diving past 450 km/h
* No gunner makes it defenceless when being chased
* Lack of self-sealing tanks makes it easily to burn down
* Less manoeuvrable than proper biplane fighters like the [[I-15 (Family)|I-15]]
* Bad climb rate means gaining altitude after diving is hard

== History ==

First flying in 1935, the Hs 123 was Henschel's response to the 1933 Reich Ministry requirement for a dive bomber. After the successful delivery of 250 aircraft its christening of fire began. In 1936 the Hs-123 was sent to Spain where its usefulness as a close air support aircraft was well known. Being able to accurately place its powerful bombload and reliability outweighed its short range and it saw extensive service in that role. After the beginning of World War 2, The Hs 123 saw service on the front-line airfields, where its quick turn time and ability to take heavy damage was appreciated by pilots and ground crews alike. Despite this, the Luftwaffe considered them obsolete, and most squadrons re-equipped to Stukas or Bf 109 E's (Jabo variant).

At the beginning of Operation Barbarossa, the Hs-123 saw its rebirth, where its ability to survive heavy damage and its reliability shone through. Even in the winter, where more modern aircraft would fail to even start, Hs 123s could be counted upon to provide close air support through the bleakest of weather. It was used for night time raids on Soviet convoys, proving to be very reliable in battle, some examples even taking hits from 75 mm shells yet flying on. In 1943, Generaloberst Wolfram von Richthofen asked if production of the aircraft could be restarted, however the jigs had been taken down in the Henschel plant all the way back in 1940. The aircraft was only formally retired at the end of the war. Despite its fearsome reputation, none are known to survive.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=hs-123a-1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/315602-henschel-hs-123-a-1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Henschel}}
{{Germany bombers}}

Ju 388 J

2023-10-21T21:25:22Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{Specs-Card
|code=ju-388j
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=Ju 388 J (Germany)
}}

== Description ==

As a result of the [[B-29A-BN|B-29]] threat looming over Germany, the RLM (German Ministry of Aviation) set out a requirement for more day fighters that could operate at high altitudes. Many designs were developed and produced, like the Ta 152 H and BV 155. Attempts were made to convert the Ta 154 into a high-altitude fighter but failed due to its wing design. As such, this led to the Ju 88 being repurposed into a bomber destroyer and/or night fighter. Many iterations were developed, like the Ju 188, but the final model would be the Ju 388. The Ju 388 was intended for high-altitude performance. Three variants were planned: the Ju 388 L for photo-reconnaissance, the Ju 388 K for bombing, and the Ju 388 J for fighting enemy aircraft.

The Ju 388 J was the least produced variant, with only three being built. Germany learned that the B-29s were being deployed to the Pacific, and so production shifted towards the Ju 388 K. Almost all of its defensive armament was removed for weight-shedding and maximum performance. A single remote-controlled turret was mounted in the rear, which provided excellent firing angles. It housed two deadly 13 mm [[MG 131 (13 mm)|MG 131]] machine guns with 600 rounds per gun. It also featured two [[MK 108 (30 mm)|MK 108]]s as well as two [[MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 151]] cannons mounted underneath the fuselage. An additional two MG 151 cannons were installed pointing upwards in a configuration called the Schräge Musik. The Ju 388 J would be powered by the BMW 801TJ engine, a turbocharged radial engine that produced over 1,750 hp. Since the 388 J was also intended for nighttime duties, a VHF band radar was fitted on the nose and had a range of 8 km (4.97 mi).

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was introduced as a premium reward vehicle for the [[wt:en/news/6145-special-battlefield-engineer-en|"Battlefield Engineer"]] event during [[Update 1.87 "Locked On"]]. For players who do not have it right now, the only way to acquire it is to buy it from the [[War Thunder Market|Marketplace]]. Since the Ju 388 was originally based on the [[Ju 88 (Family)|Ju 88]] bomber, it does not handle well. Even with the improved engines, its overall manoeuvrability is very poor, and the performance is lacklustre. Climbing to high altitudes will be very difficult, and most fights will take place well below the 388 J's optimal combat altitude. The Ju 388 J is a tough plane to use solo, so it is highly advised to stick to teammates or squad up with a friend in a manoeuvrable fighter.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 10,600 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 598 || 581 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 30.4 || 31.6 || 6.6 || 6.5 || rowspan="2" | 1,000
|-
! Upgraded
| 645 || 621 || 27.7 || 29.0 || 11.7 || 8.9
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 675  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 457 || 428 || 280 || ~11 || ~7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 370 || < 360 || < 400 || > 280
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}
''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MK 108 (30 mm)|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 30 mm MK 108 cannons, chin-mounted (110 rpg = 220 total)
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, chin-mounted (180 rpg = 360 total)
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, Schräge Musik mounted mid-fuselage (200 rpg = 400 total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 13 mm MG 131 machine guns, tail turret (600 rpg = 1,200 total)

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Radars ===
{{main|FuG-202}}

The Ju 388 J is equipped with a FuG-202 search radar, located in the nose of the aircraft; a control box which is part of the radar damage model is located in the rear of the cockpit.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | [[FuG-202]] - Target Detection Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Detection Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Guaranteed Detection Range|The range, below which, detection of a target is practically guaranteed}}
! {{Annotation|Max Azimuth Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Max Elevation Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
|-
| 4,000 m || 4,000 m || ±30° || ±30°
|-
|}

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good offensive armament of 2 x 30 mm MK 108 and 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons
* Access to the powerful Minengeschoß rounds
* Benefits from an airspawn in RB
* Excellent bomber hunter
* Schräge Musik 20 mm cannons with dedicated gunsight

'''Cons:'''

* Subpar roll rate, speed and overall performance
* Hard to get guns on target
* Bad climb rate
* Can't sustain any turnfight

== History ==

The Ju 388 J is the heavy-fighter version of the Ju 388, a multirole twin-engined combat aircraft built by Germany late into the Second World War. Based on the Ju 188 and Ju 88, the aircraft was optimized for high-altitude operations to counter the formidable B-29 Superfortress; the aircraft incorporated specific design features for this role including a pressurized cockpit. However, the aircraft was plagued by technical issues and entered service late into the war, meaning that it saw little service.

In late 1942, the German Air Ministry (or RLM) first learned of the American B-29 Superfortress, which would've been capable of cruising such a high altitude (8000-10000 metres) that no German aircraft could counter it effectively. As a result, the RLM authorized the development of several new aircraft to counter the Superfortress, including the Ta 152 H. For the bomber destroyer role, several aircraft were considered including the Do 335, Ta 152 and He 219: the He 219 and Ta 152 weren't optimized for high-altitude flight and were subsequently not considered, while the Do 335 was still in a prototype stage with production models not expected until 1944.

As a result, the RLM authorized the development of the Ju 388, based on the airframe of the Ju 188 fast-bomber, which was in turn based on the Ju 88. Compared to the Ju 188, the Ju 388 featured numerous changes, including the removal of most defensive armament; instead, a pair of 13 mm machine guns were mounted in the tail, remotely controlled from the crew cabin. The Ju 388 K and L (the bomber and reconnaissance versions) retained the glazed nose of the Ju 188, while the Ju 388 J featured a solid nose housing two 20 mm MG 151/20 and two 30 mm MK 108 cannons.

The Ju 388 first entered service in 1944; roughly 100 Ju 388 aircraft of all models were built in total (the exact number is not known). However, only three Ju 388 J aircraft were completed. The aircraft were used against allied bombers in WW2, and were also proposed for export to Japan. Following the end of the war, a single Ju 388 L was acquired by the USAF for testing purposes - this aircraft is now stored at the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum in Washington DC, and is the only Ju 388 still intact today.

=== [[wt:en/news/6138-development-junkers-ju-388-j-the-high-altitude-marauder-en|Devblog]] ===
After the German Ministry of Aviation (RLM) found out about the new American B-29 Superfortress in 1942, serious concerns were raised among high ranking officials, questioning the Luftwaffe's ability to deal with such a new potential threat. At the time, the B-29 flew higher and faster than any fighter the Luftwaffe had at their disposal and the only weapon that could effectively counter it was the 12.8cm FlaK 40 heavy AA cannon. This led to the development of a range of new German high-altitude fighters, interceptors and dedicated bomber hunters.

The first prototype of the Ju 388 performed its maiden flight in December 1943, showing promising results. After the construction and testing of six further prototypes were completed in three modifications: the Ju 388J high-altitude interceptor, a Ju 388K medium bomber and the Ju 388L scout. The Ju 388 was ordered into production and was officially introduced into Luftwaffe service in summer 1944. However, initial production progressed at a slow pace due to the limited availability of the required engines for the aircraft. Furthermore, the continuously worsening war conditions in Germany had a severe impact on overall production, eventually preventing it entirely by the end of the war.

In the end, only around 100 Ju 388s were built with most aircraft seeing only limited action during their short service life during the final stages of WW2.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ju-388j Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:Ju 388J WTWallpaper 001.jpg
File:Ju 388J WTWallpaper 002.jpg
File:Ju 388J WTWallpaper 003.jpg
File:Ju 388J WTWallpaper 004.jpg
File:Ju 388J WTWallpaper 005.jpg
File:Ju 388J WTWallpaper 007.jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|gFJBLbLH6dY|'''Massive Off-centered FirePower! {{PAGENAME}} Review''' - ''Jengar''|yWWFv8qY5rQ|'''Battlefield Engineer: all new vehicles''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 6:44 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6138-development-junkers-ju-388-j-the-high-altitude-marauder-en|[Development] Junkers Ju 388 J: The High-Altitude Marauder]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/453804-ju-388j-0/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Junkers}}
{{Germany twin-engine fighters}}
{{Germany premium aircraft}}

He 111 H-16

2023-10-21T19:46:56Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = German medium bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = He 111 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=he-111h-16_winter
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The He 111 H-16 was one of the many variants built from the He 111. At the beginning, He 111s were powered by Daimler-Benz engines, specifically the DB 600. However, the He 111 E introduced the Junkers Jumo 211 engine, which was a direct competitor to the DB 600. The main difference was the increase in power, but it was relatively the same as the DB 600. Many variants after the He 111 E continued to use the Jumo 211, but there were some exceptions that were powered by the DB 601.

The original He 111 H was fitted with the Junkers Jumo 211 A-1, which produced just under 1,000 hp. The H-16 mainly differed in having more armament and the Jumo 211 F-2 engines. The F-2 engines provided a significant power boost of around 34% compared to the original Jumo 211. Some of the armament changes included the addition of a 20 mm cannon in the nose as well as a 13 mm [[MG 131 (13 mm)|MG 131]] machine gun. Other than the previously stated changes, it was largely the same as the other He 111 H variants.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to update 1.27. It is arguably the most powerful He 111 in-game due to its defensive armament updates and strong bomb load. Although it lacks the [[PC 1400 X (1,400 kg)|Fritz-X radio-controlled bomb]] found on the [[He 111 H-6]], it has access to the [[SC2500 (2,500 kg)|SC2500]] bomb, which is a 2,400 kg bomb with a 2,720 kg TNT equivalent warhead. The [[MG FF/M (20 mm)|20 mm MG FF/M cannon]] is mounted in the nose of the aircraft, which provides good defense against incoming threats. As for performance, although the H-16 received improved engines, it can very quickly overheat on WEP. Players should be wary of overusing WEP.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 411 || 398 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 32.0 || 32.8 || 2.0 || 2.0 || rowspan="2" | 500
|-
! Upgraded
| 457 || 432 || 30.1 || 31.0 || 8.1 || 4.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 480  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 340 || 327 || 260 || ~4 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 310 || < 300 || < 270 || > 330
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


The pilot's seat is set farther back than normal, reducing but not eliminating the chance of a knock-out.

* 5 mm Steel plate under nose gunner
* 10 mm Steel plate behind the pilot
* 8 mm Steel plate in front of the dorsal gunner
* 6 mm Steel plate under ventral gunner
* 8-8.5 mm Steel plates around beam gunner
* 8 mm steel on top of engines

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC50JA (50 kg)|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC1000L2 (1,000 kg)|SC2500 (2,500 kg)|Flam C 250 incendiary}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 32 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (1,600 kg total)
* 8 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 2 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 2 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bombs + 1 x 250 kg SC250JA bomb (2,250 kg total)
* 1 x 2,500 kg SC2500 bomb (2,500 kg total)
* 8 x Flam C 250 incendiary bombs

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG FF/M (20 mm)|MG 131 (13 mm)|MG 81 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 20 mm MG FF/M cannon, nose turret (120 rpg)
* 1 x 13 mm MG 131 machine gun, dorsal turret (1,000 rpg)
* 2 x 7.92 mm MG 81 machine guns, ventral turret (1,000 + 850 rpg = 1,850 total)
* 1 x 7.92 mm MG 81 machine gun, 2 x beam turrets (500 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==


In Arcade, try to maximize altitude upon spawning; this will make it harder for most fighters to reach you in the early moments (only for ground strike). However, this leaves your poorly defended underbelly open to most attacks, so a fighter with a decent engine could easily catch up and take you down. When engaging this bomber, don't worry about the gunners, as they have a very restricted field of, allowing an attack from these angles: 10-2 o'clock high or even 8 o'clock high/5 o'clock high, as well as 9-3 o'clock low or 10 o'clock low/2 o'clock low, as the gunners, cannot reach you there.

In Realistic, as mid-air reload is unavailable, the He 111 can be used as a pseudo-dive bomber to quickly deliver its payload before retreating. The plane can sustain a shallow dive near the redline speed of around 500 km/h, though you should keep an eye on the IAS to prevent from overspeeding and ripping the airframe in the process. The payload of 8 x 250 kg bombs or 2 x 1,000 kg bombs is enough to destroy two bases in normal matches and one in uptier matches. While the single 2,500 kg bomb is certainly very powerful, it can only destroy a single base and wastes potential TNT damage in doing so, thus it should be saved for airfield bombing instead.

In mixed battles, the He 111 H-16 can be played like a miniature [[Pe-8]]. While the SC2500 bomb is nowhere close to the infamous [[FAB-5000 (5,000 kg)|FAB-5000]] bomb, the SC2500 has a massive filler of 2,720 kg of TNT equivalent and a huge destructive radius of 84 m ("only" 21 m less than the FAB-5000) which is still huge enough to destroy multiple ground vehicles and sink any ship within its blast radius. With its smaller and less distinctive airframe, the H-16 can be played more aggressively than its Soviet counterpart, with an option of shallow dive bombing for a more precise drop.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent bomb load (can carry up to 32 x 50 kg bombs stock) and up to 2,500 kg total
** Stock payload is highly efficient at carpet bombing tanks, armoured cars, anti-aircraft artillery, etc
** Access to the massive SC2500 bomb with a very high destructive power in mixed battles
* Very good defensive guns (a significant improvement over predecessors)
** 20 mm nose turret can be a nasty surprise to head-on attackers, allows for bomber hunting, and can take out lightly armoured ground targets
* Decent flight characteristics for a bomber
** Good roll rate by bomber standards
** Relatively good performance at higher altitudes
* Surprisingly sturdy airframe clad with some armour offers more chance of survival

'''Cons:'''

* While more well-protected than the previous variants, the H-16 still has several blind spots
** Gunner placements restrict effective defence to the horizontal plane only, with gaps at 2 and 10 o'clock
** Top gunner is limited in effectiveness due to the vertical stabilizer location
** Bottom gunner can't shoot directly behind the plane, more like at a 20-30 degree angle downwards
* Glazed nose exposes the pilot from flak battery and head-on attacks
* As with most bombers (and German planes), the H-16 suffers from poor turning radius which doesn't aid the gunners at all when attacked
* Stock payload is not so effective against bases
* Very vulnerable when being attacked by multiple fighters, due to lack of defensive weapons

== History ==


{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}|expand=true}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
The Heinkel He 111 was a German monoplane medium bomber (also torpedo bomber and attack bomber). The He 111 H-16 was the third standard H-series variant, the other two being H-3 and H-6. Most other variants were generally used in very specialized roles. Specifically, the H-16 was a further development of the H-6 with Jumo 211 F-2 engines, although several other interim variants also introduced minor changes based on combat experience. Defensive armament remained the same as on the H-11.

Many different loadouts were supported; the bomb bay was retained and could also be used for extra fuel tanks. In the latter case, the under-fuselage ETC 2000 bomb rack was used. The H-16 was supplied with several armament kits, including the R-1 with a 13 mm MG 131 in a dorsal turret, the R-2, a glider tug and the R-3, with improved armour at the cost of a lighter bomb carrying capacity.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=he-111h-16_winter Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* Tupolev [[SB 2M (Family)|SB]]
* [[Martin 167-A3]] Maryland
* Mitsubishi [[Ki-21-Ia]]
* Martin [[B-10B]]
* [[Martin 139WC]]
* Fiat [[BR.20 DR]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/504141-heinkel-he-111h-16/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Heinkel}}
{{Germany bombers}}

F5b

2023-10-21T18:40:01Z

U48664895: Added description, few pros and cons, picture, damage, and general info

== Description ==

The F5b torpedo was originally a Norwegian-built torpedo intended to be used on aircraft. It is a 45-cm torpedo and weighs around 750 kg with 200 kg of explosive. The F5b was in service from 1941 all the way to the end of the war and saw service on aircraft like the [[He 111 (Family)|He 111]] and [[Ju 88 (Family)|Ju 88]]. As with many torpedoes in German service, the F5b uses steam propulsion, which leaves a wake in the water. This does come with the added benefit of usually being much faster than electric torpedoes like the G7e. They also usually included a variable speed setting.

The F5b was introduced in [[Update "Fire and Ice"]] along with the premium [[Fw 190 A-5/U14]]. Currently, no other aircraft use it except for the A-5/U14. With a warhead of 200 kg of explosive, it will be more than enough to sink destroyers and cripple larger ships. The F5b also travels at a speed of 83 km/h (~45 knots) and has a range of about 5 kilometers. However, it only travels at a depth of 1 metre so it will be difficult to significantly damage large ships. Specific launch conditions are also needed to successfully utilize the torpedo: players must not exceed 281 km/h (174 mph) and stay below 105 metres (344 feet). Since the torpedo uses steam propulsion, it is highly advised to drop from close range to ensure a hit.
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===


* {{Specs-Link|fw_190a_5_u14}}

== General info ==

The F5b weighs 752 kg (1,657 lb), and has a length of over 4.8 metres (15.7 feet). It also has a 200 kg explosive warhead which utilizes TNT explosive. When dropped, the motor will kick on and maintain a speed of 83 km/h (45 knots) which is quite fast for a World War II torpedo. However, it only has a range of 5 km (~3 mi) so players will need to get close to a ship to get a hit. Players should also note the specific launch parameters for a successful torpedo: -35 to 281 km/h (-21 to 174 mph) and -10 to 105 metres in altitude (-32 to 336 feet). The F5b travels at a shallow depth of one metre (3.2 feet). Overall, it's a relatively strong torpedo thanks to its large warhead and reasonable launch parameters.
=== Effective damage ===

With a 200 kg TNT warhead, it will most definitely cripple a destroyer and destroy smaller ships. However, against cruisers and other big ships, it will be more difficult to take one out with only a single torpedo.
=== Comparison with analogues ===
''Give a comparative description of torpedoes that have firepower equal to this weapon.''

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe situations when you would utilise this torpedo in-game (vehicle, pillbox, base, etc)''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''
* Large warhead (200 kg TNT equivalent)
* High speed of 83 km/h (45 knots)

'''Cons:'''
* Launch parameters can leave players vulnerable to enemy attack
* Significantly hampers performance when equipped on an aircraft

== History ==
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''

== Media ==

[[File:190A5U14Torpedo.png|frameless|Fw 190 A-5/U14 equipped with the F5b torpedo in-flight]]
== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the weapon;''
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Torpedoes}}

[[Category:Suspended armaments]]

File:190A5U14Torpedo.png

2023-10-21T18:35:47Z

U48664895:

Fw 190 A-5/U14 equipped with the F5b torpedo

Fw 190 A-5/U14

2023-10-21T17:54:14Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format and added survivability section

{{About
| about = premium German fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Fw 190 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=fw_190a_5_u14
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_Fw_190_A-5-U14.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The Focke-Wulf 190 A was the first production series of the Fw 190. Many variants were developed, from the A-1 to the A-8. The A-5 had an extensive list of aircraft that were fitted with different "''Umrustbausatz''" kits. Most included simple camera additions or weaponry changes, as was the case with the A-5/U14. The U14 was intended to utilize the [[F5b|LT F5b]] torpedo, which was mounted under the fuselage. For safety reasons, the tail wheel and fin height were increased so the torpedo could not accidentally strike the ground. As for armament, the A-5/U14 was only armed with two 20 mm MG 151 cannons mounted near the engine. Two planes were tested in this setup: "TD SI" (model shown in-game) and "TD SJ".

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was introduced as a premium fighter in [[Update "Fire and Ice"]]. The A-5/U14 was only a very minor development in the A-5, so it is largely the same as other A-5s when it comes to performance. The same engine and airframe were utilized across all the different Umrustbausatz kits. Armament wise, the A-5/U14 most closely resembles the [[Fw 190 A-5/U2|A-5/U2]] since both carry two [[MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 151]] cannons near the engine. The main difference is the A-5/U14's ability to carry an aerial torpedo, which is only useful in Naval matches, and a select number of Air Realistic Battle maps. Unsurprisingly, equipping the torpedo significantly drops the performance, so players should immediately drop it if an enemy fighter starts attacking.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 6,300 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 651 || 630 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 22.1 || 22.9 || 10.5 || 10.5 || rowspan="2" | 391
|-
! Upgraded
| 704 || 677 || 19.9 || 21.0 || 18.6 || 14.1
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 912  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 700 || 310 || ~13 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 420 || < 300 || < 550 || > 320
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The Fw 190 A-5/U14 has five different steel panels. The two steel rings protect the oil cooling system. The three other steel plates protect the pilot from fighters attacking from the rear. The A-5/U14 has two separate self-sealing fuel tanks underneath the pilot
[[File:Fw 190 A-5-U14 armour profile.png|thumb|right|Fw 190 A-5/U14's armour profile]]
* 57 mm bulletproof glass pane in front of the pilot
* 3 mm steel ring around the cowling
* 5 mm steel ring around the cowling
* 12 mm steel plate behind the pilot's head
* 8 mm steel plate behind the pilot's torso
* 5 mm steel plate behind the 8 mm steel plate

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, wing-mounted (250 rpg = 500 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|F5b}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 1 x F5b torpedo

In a torpedo bomber role, the Fw 190 needs to maintain low altitude to release a torpedo. The "fragile" characteristics of the torpedo makes a torpedo run complicated, as the torpedo has to be released on low speeds, making the aircraft more vulnerable to ship AA and other enemy aircraft. Launch the torpedo at a distance of 800 m to 1 km. After release, quickly break off from the run and gain altitude, either returning to the airfield to rearm or engage enemy aircraft.

== Usage in battles ==

The Fw 190 A-5 U/14 is an excellent fighter. It has great energy retention in a dive, and an excellent flight performance at higher speeds. As such, it should be used as a Boom and Zoom fighter, as its inferior turn rate will make a turnfight end badly for you. The torpedo bomber role is best used in naval battles, as the torpedo severely impacts the flight performance.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Sturdy airframe
* Good energy retention
* Able to carry a torpedo
* Plentiful ammunition for the 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons

'''Cons:'''

* Slow turn rate
* No other loadouts other than a single torpedo
* The aircraft has to slow down considerably and fly low to release the torpedo
* Enters flat spins easily in Realistic Battles

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=fw_190a_5_u14 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;[[Fw 190 (Family)|Related development]]

* [[Fw 190 A-5]]
* [[Fw 190 A-5/U2]]
* [[Fw 190 A-5/U12]]

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Focke-Wulf}}
{{Germany fighters}}
{{Germany premium aircraft}}

File:Fw 190 A-5-U14 armour profile.png

2023-10-21T17:51:58Z

U48664895:

Garage picture of the Fw 190 A-5/U14's armour scheme

He 162 A-2

2023-10-21T17:00:05Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = German jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = He 162 A-1
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=he-162a-2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

Initially designated the He 500, the He 162 was a very unique jet fighter. The He 162 was aptly nicknamed "Salamander" but was later given the official name "Volksjäger". It was intended to be flown by anyone, beginners and experts alike. One of the unique design features of the Salamander is the single jet engine mounted on the top of the fuselage. This provided easy access for maintenance and protected the engine from ingesting rocks or other debris on runways. The [[He 162 A-1|A-1]] was armed with dual [[MK 108 (30 mm)|MK 108]] cannons, but excessive vibrations when firing forced the A-2 variant to utilize the 20 mm [[MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 151]] cannon found in many German aircraft. Although the Salamander had unfavourable landing and stall characteristics, it was quite a comfortable aircraft to fly, and pilots noted it was stable in flight.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27. It is one of the earliest jet fighters in-game and regularly faces propeller-driven aircraft. Like many jet fighters, the He 162 has an excellent top speed of 840 km/h (522 mph) and an even better structural speed limit of 1,040 km/h (646 mph). It can easily outrun and catch up to enemy propeller-driven fighters. However, the engine only outputs around 910 kgf of thrust, which means it takes a very long time to accelerate up to suitable speeds. Players should try not to dogfight enemy aircraft and instead make repeated passes on slower targets. Fortunately, the He 162 is quite manoeuvrable so it can compete with propeller-driven fighters in a pinch.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

[[File:Cockpit He162.jpg|x150px|right|thumb|none|Cockpit of the He 162]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 801 || 776 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.4 || 32.3 || 19.1 || 18.1 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| 875 || 840 || 28.8 || 30.0 || 28.2 || 23.4
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 677 || 648 || 500 || ~12 || ~7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 500 || < 580 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | BMW 003 || 1
| colspan="2" | 1,990 kg || colspan="2" | 212 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 8m fuel || 20m fuel || 26m fuel
|-
| 673 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 2,132 kg || 2,342 kg || 2,465 kg || 2,495 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (108%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || 108%
! 8m fuel || 20m fuel || 26m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 801 kgf || 910 kgf
| 0.43 || 0.39 || 0.37 || 0.36
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 801 kgf (0 km/h) || 910 kgf (0 km/h)
| 0.43 || 0.39 || 0.37 || 0.36
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 15 mm steel - bulkhead behind cockpit
* Engine exposed on top of the fuselage
* Fuel tanks in fuselage and wings below the engine

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

"Offensive 20 mm", "Compressor", "Wings repair", then "Engine", is the recommended order of unlocking. The stock MG 151 belts are bad as they lack the very powerful HE ''Minengeschoß'' rounds. Compressor and Engine are no-brainers. Everything that improves acceleration is a must for early jets. Wings repair is superior to new cannons, the stock MG 151 does not overheat and accuracy is acceptable in short bursts.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, chin-mounted (120 rpg = 240 total)

The twin MG 151s are one of the weaker cannons equipped by the early Rank 5 jets. However, when compared to the 30 mm MK 108s found on other German jets, its cannons have acceptable muzzle velocity, though this will remain a problem. The ammo count is less than enough considering the speeds at which jet combat takes place. As for ammunition belts, the air target belt is the best one due to its ample amount of HE rounds in the belt composition.

== Usage in battles ==


This aircraft is best used exclusively for Boom & Zoom attacks and fighting at high altitudes (over 5 km).

It bleeds energy fast in dogfights against early jets, and when matched with propeller planes, dogfights become suicide. Head-ons may seem like a good idea due to the plane's small size and powerful 20 mm cannons, but keep in mind that most of the time you will be fighting American or British aircraft, which will often one-shot or severely damage you with their multiple sets of .50 cals or Hispanos.

He 162 is an excellent bomber hunter, especially if you choose to fly with minimum (8 min) fuel and go to intercept bombers attacking your team's bases. Your 20 mm and small size will make you a deadly opponent, but keep in mind that most propeller bombers at this rank have great defensive armaments. When up-tiered with jets you will probably never see a bomber in-game.

When attempting to Boom & Zoom enemy fighters, it is vital that you climb at least 1 km above the enemy. Try climbing along the corners of the map, as if you go head-on you'll run into fighters without the energy you need to get away. Avoid sharp turns when diving and pulling up as you lose energy very fast in this aircraft. This becomes even more important when up-tiered, as enemy jets at higher battle-ratings have no problem catching up to you just long enough to destroy you.

The best place for He 162 is combined battles, where it has relatively low SP requirements and does not face a large group of enemy fighters. In this mode fly with a minimum tank load (8 min) as it's all you need and it gives you agility. Just as in air realistic, use Boom & Zoom to shoot down enemies ground attacking your team or unsuspecting enemy fighters.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* One of the best climbing early jets
* Faces almost only propeller-powered aircraft and some early jets
* Great manoeuvrability at high speed
* Good acceleration for an early jet at speeds below 800 km/h
* Excellent shallow dive rate
* Hard-hitting armament of two 20 mm MG 151/20 cannons that fires Minengeschoß shells
* Small wing surface area means difficult target to shoot down
* Very good visibility
* Does not have war emergency power, however, the throttle can push up to 108%
* Relatively good bomber hunter, especially if the opponent lacks defensive armaments
* Can use its 108% throttle almost indefinitely above 6,000 m
* Great roll rate

'''Cons:'''

* Above 800 km/h, acceleration in straight line is almost non-existent
* Not beginner-friendly
* Suitable only for energy fighting, loses all energy in turns
* Bad manoeuvrability at low speed
* Very fragile even for a jet, a little damage can cause significant performance loss
* Limited amount of ammunition
* Limited energy retention due to bad high-speed engine performance and a lightweight airframe
* Setting throttle above 100% does not bring significant gain of power
* Armour protecting the pilot insufficient to prevent knock-out
* Difficulty with take-off, struggles on some airfields
* Extended usage of the throttle over 100% burns out the jet engine (deteriorates quality of use until its own destruction)
* Engine mounted on top, vertical manoeuvre techniques need to account for the pitching-down moment of the engine thrust
* Engine easily overheats below 2,000 m
* Poor performance when stock

== History ==

Initially, this Heinkel fighter was designated He 500, but by October, in order to fool enemy intelligence services, the RLM redesignated the plane He 162; the number being previously assigned to a Messerschmitt fast bomber prototype that competed with the Ju 88. At the same time, the fighter was named the Salamander, which initially was the codename for the very same fast bomber design. The official name at the start of introduction was '''Volksjäger''' to emphasize the usage as "every man's fighter" similar to Volkswagen aka VW.

Overall 170 to 320 aircraft were produced, most of them A-2 variants. The previous A-1 were first fitted with Mk108, but these shocked the airframe too hard and were changed into the less recoil-heavy MG 151/20. An interesting feature is the dorsal mounted engine. It serves two purposes; first: Easier maintenance like with Me 262s underwing gondolas and second - and most importantly: The high installation greatly reduced foreign object damage - or FOD. Unpaved runways were common on all sides in WW2 and rocks and other debris were often sucked into the intake -- the main cause of engine failures in early jets.

Albeit named the Volksjäger, the jet was a dangerous vehicle for beginners. Short flight time and a high stall speed compared to the gliders most recruits trained on caused a high after-combat crash rate, especially on landing approaches. Pilots often failed to attain the recommended landing speed of 250 km/h (100 more than the Bf 109) due either inexperience or lack of fuel. The high landing speed was the cause of even more deadly problems.

In the air, however, the aircraft was praised even by its foes. Allied pilots loved to take the captured He 162s into the air, praising its smooth flight and good controllability. The only downside was the weak rudder and weak in the literal meaning. RAF pilot, Flt Lt. R. A. Marks, despite being instructed not to use heavy rudder on high speed, performed a low-altitude, high-speed barrel roll during a demonstration. A fin and rudder assembly ripped out of its socket, the sudden loss of control and insufficient height resulted in a fatal crash.

Like the Me 262 Schwalbe, the Volksjäger proved to be too little too late.

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
Initially this Heinkel fighter was designated He 500, but by October, in order to fool enemy intelligence services, the RLM redesignated the plane He 162; the number being previously assigned to a Messerschmitt fast bomber prototype that competed with the Ju 88. At the same time, the fighter was named the Salamander, which initially was the codename for the entire program.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=he-162a-2 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|Jxg17aav2ZM|'''The Shooting Range #366''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:25 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|riDifkZU46w|'''The Most Dreadful Plane I've Flown - He 162 A-2''' - ''DEFYN'' (Review starts at 1:35)|L31N5vEwV0U|'''Realistic: He 162 A-2 [Totally Unforgiving]''' - ''Jengar''|JkMBRzBRQsg|'''Subscribers Choice: He-162 A-2 - Realistic Battle''' - ''MagzTV''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[He 162 A-1]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[Me 163 B]]{{-}}[[Me 163 B-0]]
* [[BI]]
* [[Ki-200]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/320879-heinkel-he-162-a-2/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[wikipedia:Heinkel_He_162|[Wikipedia] Heinkel He 162]]
* [http://www.airvectors.net/avhe162.html <nowiki>[Air Vectors]</nowiki> The Heinkel He 162 Volksjaeger]

{{AirManufacturer Heinkel}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

BV 155 B-1

2023-10-21T15:54:44Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{Specs-Card
|code=bv-155b-1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
|market=id50186_bv_155_b_1_germany
}}

== Description ==

The BV 155 was one of the many designs Germany developed during World War II for high-altitude performance. It first started life with Messerschmitt, respectively called the Me 155. At this point, the Me 155 was developed to be a carrier fighter aboard the Graf Zeppelin. The Me 155 was developed with the strict goal of using as many parts from the [[Bf 109 (Family)|Bf 109]] as possible. It still used the DB 605 engine, and the fuselage was from the Bf 109 G variant. However, it had new wings and carrier-specific features like folding wings and an arrestor gear. Due to delays with the Graf Zeppelin, the Me 155 project was put on hold for the indefinite future. Messerschmitt continued to work on the project until the RLM (German Ministry of Aviation) saw numerous deficiencies and moved the work to Blohm & Voss.

When Blohm & Voss took control of the project, they concluded that the original design had far too many problems and a redesign was in order. The BV 155 V1 featured a new laminar flow wing as well as parts from the [[Ju 87 (Family)|Ju 87 "Stuka"]]. The canopy was also revised, and bigger radiators were fitted to remedy the cooling issues brought on by high angles of attack. Another prototype, the V2, was also being developed and was largely the same as the V1. It had the DB 603E engine, but it still didn't meet performance expectations. This led to the BV 155 V3, which would be the last 155. During the V2's development, Blohm & Voss proposed that the new DB 603U engine be put in place of the DB 603E. This would provide a substantial power increase thanks to its larger supercharger. The fate of V3 is unknown, but V1 and V2 were sent to the RAF after the war. The V1 was tested until it was written off, but the V2 is currently at the National Air and Space Museum.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was introduced as a reward vehicle for [[Battle Pass: Season VIII, "Field Testing"]] during [[Update "Danger Zone"]]. The BV 155 performs the best at high altitudes thanks to its wing design and supercharged DB 603. However, the climb rate is quite lacklustre at only 13.8 m/s, so climbing to high altitudes will be difficult. Although the wings help the BV 155 turn tight with enough energy, it significantly hurts the roll rate. Furthermore, the BV 155 has a relatively low structural limit of 730 km/h (453 mph), which many fighters can easily exceed. The vast majority of fights in Air Realistic Battles don't happen at the altitude the BV 155 was designed to operate at, so it's quite limited in its capability.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The BV 155 B-1 has below average energy retention, diving speed and roll rate at altitude below 4.5 km, and it becomes more problematic if you don't have any energy left, making it harder to escape from a enemy with the upper hand or with a higher energy potential than you.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 15,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 670 || 658 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 18.1 || 18.8 || 11.5 || 11.5 || rowspan="2" | 350
|-
! Upgraded
| 722 || 695 || 16.3 || 17.2 || 16.7 || 13.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 730  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 438 || 409 || 260 || ~10 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < ___ || < ___ || < ___ || > ___
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 57 mm Bulletproof glass (60°), central pane of the windshield
* 57 mm Bulletproof glass (18°), side panes of the windshield

The fuel tank is located in the enlarged wing spar.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MK 108 (30 mm)|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 30 mm MK 108 cannon, nose-mounted (75 rpg)
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 400 total)

== Usage in battles ==

'''Realistic Battles:'''

The BV 155 B-1 has some similarity with the playstyle of the [[Ho 229 V3]] and you may get familiar to it, you need to keep in mind that BV 155 needs energy to keep its good performance, but at the same time trying to maintain IAS low due its constant compression at high speeds, it means you have to maintain the altitude and energy all the time to avoid any enemy fighter getting the upper hand on you, which means you will have a hard time escaping from it (even bombers such as SB2C may catch you easily), as you bleed considerably in long dogfights and have below average diving speed, bad straight line acceleration and top speed at most common engagement altitudes (3 km and 5 km). But this plane can be very efficient when you get used to its BnZ and turn rate or bomber hunting capabilities (due its very reliable weaponry) while you don't let anyone dive on you and getting more energy.

Ideally, you should not commit to head-on engagements as your only protection is the 57 mm bulletproof glass of the windshield, which is completely inadequate against fighters equipped with cannons.

'''Enemy worth mentioning:'''

[[Ki-43-III otsu]] - It may outclimb the BV 155 at the beginning of a match and must be avoided if at higher altitude. This plane can rope-a-dope and outturn you, so proceed with caution.

Spitfires - Some spitfires may not seem a threat as they have a very lower performance at high altitude compared to yours, but as it can make you bleed your energy and after that accelerate to catch your tail, Spitfires need to be treated properly as dangerous enemies. BnZ is recommended and dogfights need to be avoided.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Extremely impressive performance at any altitude if it has energy (can even outturn some turnfighters depending on the circumstance)
* Has combat flaps to even faster turns
* Very powerful cannons with effective belts against air targets that can rip apart large bombers
* Airspawn in RB

'''Cons:'''

* Large wingspan makes you an easy target
* Lacking of armour makes bomber hunting slightly harder
* The engine tends to overheat too often if radiator is damaged
* 2 out of 3 cannons are mounted in wings
* Compresses past 650 km/h and doesn't have airbrakes
* Slow and poor flight performance at lower altitudes
* Outclimbed by most single-engine fighters at its battle rating
* Awful cockpit visibility

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=bv-155b-1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|Lj3Uf9_LPMY|'''The Shooting Range #317''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:28 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|Zd7RsLY3Ecc|'''Battle Pass: Field Testing''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 01:18 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7783-development-battle-pass-vehicles-high-altitude-interceptor-bv-155-en|[Devblog] Battle Pass vehicles: high-altitude interceptor BV 155]]

{{AirManufacturer BlohmVoss}}
{{Germany fighters}}
{{Germany premium aircraft}}

F-14B

2023-10-21T05:51:22Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = American jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = F-14A Early
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=f_14b
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==


Even before the F-14 had its first test flight, Grumann knew the F-14A's performance would be underwhelming due to its TF-30 engines. This, as well as the VAX-2 specification sent out by the US Navy during the 1980s, led to the F-14B. The F-14B was a huge improvement over the F-14A in almost every aspect. New avionics, systems, engines, and much more were done on the F-14B. One of the upgrades included the addition of the AN/AXX-1 Television Camera System" (TCS), for IFF purposes. The F-14B's main upgrade were the engines; General Electric F110-GE-400s replaced the TF-30s and massively improved the performance in essentially every aspect. The range, top speed, and turn rate were significantly improved, which meant the F-14B was far more suitable for carrier operations than the F-14A.

Introduced in [[Update "La Royale"]], the '''{{Specs|name}}''' is an extremely capable aircraft. The F-14B is essentially a heavily upgraded [[F-14A Early|F-14A]]. With new engines, avionics, and weapons, the F-14B is a much more potent aircraft. It gets access to [[AIM-9L Sidewinder|AIM-9L Sidewinders]], [[AIM-7M Sparrow|AIM-7M Sparrows]], and [[AIM-54C Phoenix|AIM-54C Phoenixes]], which is a big improvement over the F-14A's armament. Furthermore, the General Electric engines make the F-14B far more competent in dogfights compared to the F-14A. The F-14B is also more capable for ground attack thanks to the addition of the Paveway II guided bomb.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 10,668 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,191 || 2,181 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 24.4 || 24.5 || 195.5 || 188.7 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| 2,238 || 2,215 || 23.6 || 24.0 || 256.6 || 224.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="60%"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Limits
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
! Min sweep
| 1,359 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || rowspan="2" | 1,200 || rowspan="2" | 873 || rowspan="2" | 416 || ~10 || ~5
|-
! Max sweep
| 1,555 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 1,200 || < 850 || < 1,800 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="7" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | General Electric F110-GE-400 || 2
| colspan="3" | 19,663 kg || colspan="3" | 514 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 16m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 53m fuel
|-
| 1,897 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning low-bypass turbofan
| 21,868 kg || 22,399 kg || 23,766 kg || 25,818 kg || 27,013 kg || 33,593 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 16m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 53m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 6,200 kgf || 10,230 kgf
| 0.93 || 0.91 || 0.86 || 0.79 || 0.76 || 0.61
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 6,428 kgf (1,200 km/h) || 13,610 kgf (1,200 km/h)
| 1.24 || 1.22 || 1.15 || 1.05 || 1.00 || 0.81
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs) !! Lead indicator
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M61A1 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 20 mm M61A1 cannon, cheek-mounted (676 rpg)
* 60 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="7%" | 1 !! width="7%" | 2 !! width="7%" | 3 !! width="7%" | 4 !! width="7%" | 5 !! width="7%" | 6
| rowspan="17" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_F-14A_Early.png]]</div>
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 82 (500 lb)|500 lb LDGP Mk 82]] bombs
| || || 8¶ || 6 || ||
|-
! [[Mk 82 AIR (500 lb)|500 lb Mk 82 AIR]] bombs
| || || 8¶ || 6 || ||
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83]] bombs
| || || 2¶ || 2 || ||
|-
! [[Mk 83 AIR (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb Mk 83 AIR]] bombs
| || || 2¶ || 2 || ||
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 84 (2,000 lb)|2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84]] bombs
| || || 2¶ || 2 || ||
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 84 Air (2,000 lb)|2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 Air]] bombs
| || || 2¶ || 2 || ||
|-
! [[GBU-10 Paveway II (957 kg)|957 kg GBU-10 Paveway II]] bombs
| || || 2†‡¶ || || ||
|-
! [[GBU-12 Paveway II (277 kg)|277 kg GBU-12 Paveway II]] bombs
| || || 2† || † || ||
|-
! [[GBU-16 Paveway II (1,092 lb)|1,092 lb GBU-16 Paveway II]] bombs
| || || 2† || 2† || ||
|-
! [[GBU-24 Paveway III (2,000 lb)|2,000 lb GBU-24 Paveway III]] bombs
| || || 1†‡¶ || 1† || ||
|-
! [[Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP]] rockets
| || 8 || || || 8 ||
|-
! [[AIM-7M Sparrow]] missiles
| || 1 || 2 || 1‡, 2¶ || 1 ||
|-
! [[AIM-9L Sidewinder]] missiles
| 1* || 1* || || || 1* || 1*
|-
! [[AIM-54A Phoenix]] missiles
| || 1 || 2¶ || 2 || 1 ||
|-
! [[AIM-54C Phoenix]] missiles
| || 1 || 2¶ || 2 || 1 ||
|-
! Countermeasures
| 160* || 160* || || || 160* || 160*
|-
! LANTIRN targeting pod
| || 1† || || || ||
|-
| colspan="8" | * AIM-9L missiles can be equipped with countermeasures on the same hardpoint †LANTIRN targeting pod must be equipped when carrying guided bombs ‡Single AIM-7M missile on hardpoint 4 cannot be equipped with GBU-10 or GBU-24 bombs on hardpoint 3 ¶ Dual AIM-7M missiles on hardpoint 4 cannot be equipped with marked options on hardpoint 3
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* Without load
* 2 x AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles + 640 x countermeasures
* 6 x AIM-7M Sparrow missiles
* 6 x AIM-54A Phoenix missiles
* 6 x AIM-54C Phoenix missiles
* 14 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (7,000 lb total)
* 14 x 500 lb Mk 82 AIR bombs (7,000 lb total)
* 4 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 4 x 1,000 lb Mk 83 AIR bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 4 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bombs (8,000 lb total)
* 4 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 Air bombs (8,000 lb total)
* 2 x 957 kg GBU-10 Paveway II bombs (1,914 kg total)
* 4 x 277 kg GBU-12 Paveway II bombs (1,108 kg total)
* 4 x 1,092 lb GBU-16 Paveway II bombs (4,368 lb total)
* 2 x 2,000 lb GBU-24 Paveway III bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 16 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==


=== Air Realistic Battles ===

==== Dogfighting ====
The F-14 may have been built as a large, missile carrying interceptor, but do not be fooled; the F-14B is also a supremely capable dogfighter which, if flown correctly, can out-manoeuvre nearly every fighter in the game. However, this is much easier said than done. The plane itself will not do all the work; proper tactics, energy management, and utilization of the F-14's flaps and variable sweep wings are required to get this fighter to perform in a dogfight.

===== Flaps =====
Usage of the F-14B's flaps is critical in dogfights. With the flaps completely up, the F-14B can attain higher speeds outside of dogfights, though at this flap state the plane will not be at its full manoeuvring potential. Generally, during dogfights, it is preferable to set the flaps to "combat", as this significantly boosts both F-14B's instantaneous and sustained turn rates. Energy retention at this flap state, while lowered, is still sufficient, and the combination of turn and energy retention will make this flap state ideal for two-circle rate fights. The combat flaps can be extended at very high speeds, and thus pilots should not be worried about them falling off. In some cases, the flaps can be brought back up to increase energy retention and gain back energy. Setting the flaps to "takeoff" will further increase manoeuvrability at the expense of additional energy retention. The "landing" flaps gives the F-14B its fastest turn rate and tightest turning circle, but at the expense of greatly diminished energy retention. These flaps should be used at lower speeds, ideally in one-circle fights or if you are behind the enemy. It should be noted that in the "landing" configuration, the flaps have a much lower speed tolerance than the other configurations. Go above 400 km/h with these flaps down, and you risk breaking them off, so be careful.

If it wasn't clear already, it is important to keep these flaps on, as if you do lose your flaps, you will greatly damage your dogfighting capability, not to mention the loss of dogfighting position that comes from the force of the flaps breaking off. If you've lost your flaps but sense you will eventually have to dogfight the enemy, it is best to go back to your airfield to get them repaired. If you end up locked in a dogfight without flaps, your best bet would be to keep your speed up and attempt a two-circle rate fight. Without it's flaps, the F-14B's AOA (angle of attack) is not sufficient for one circle fights, so in most cases, do not attempt them.

=====The Two-Circle (Rate Fight) =====
The F-14B's main advantage in a dogfight is its excellent energy retention and sustained turn rate. These can be used to great extent in a two-circle rate fight, which will be the preferred type of fight for the F-14B. Due to this, it is important that F-14 pilots understand this rate fight. A two-circle rate fight is a type of dogfight where the two fighters attempt to get on each other's tails. In this kind of dogfight, instead of turning as hard as you can, you instead must keep a certain speed. All fighter jets lose speed in turns, and generally, they turn worse at lower speeds. A fighter jet's optimal rate speed is the speed at which they can sustain the highest turn rate (or, the sustained turn rate). While you could pull harder to turn faster, you would be sacrificing speed to do this, and if you cannot take the shot, you will get slow and lose your turning capability, eventually lagging behind the now better turning enemy fighter. All aircraft have different flight capabilities and varied sustained turn rates. In a rate fight, the aircraft with the better sustained turn rate will have the advantage.

The beginning of the fight will have the two fighters' paths form two circles, hence the name. The fighter with the superior sustained turn rate (which we'll call the friendly fighter) will attempt to manoeuvre onto the other enemy fighter's tail. While this is happening, they must carefully manage their energy, taking great care in ensuring they do not go too much faster or slower than their optimal rate speed. During this initial turn, the enemy fighter may turn harder and initially get a shot on the friendly fighter, who must dodge. As the two fighters turn, the enemy fighter with the inferior sustained turn rate will lose speed faster, forcing them to fly downwards to use gravity to gain more speed and thus more turn, and the friendly fighter will follow. Eventually, the fight will lower to the ground, where there won't be any more altitude for the enemy fighter to gain speed. With the enemy fighter now slow, the friendly fighter, still fast and better turning, will begin to get behind the other fighter (the enemy fighter is being "out-rated" here). Once they are approaching the enemy's tail, the enemy fighter may attempt to get the friendly fighter to overshoot by turning hard; to counteract this, the friendly fighter can pull hard, drop the flaps further, and/or airbrake to stay on the enemy's tail. At this point, the friendly fighter will be firmly planted on the tail of the enemy and has an opportunity to shoot them down.

Some jets will prefer the two-circle, while others will prefer other tactics. Again, the F-14B is one that favours this two-circle type of fight; in fact, theoretically, the F-14B has a superior sustained turn rate to just about every single aircraft it will encounter at top tier, with one notable exception in the [[F-16 (Family)|F-16]]. In the F-14B, the optimal rate speed can be achieved around 800-830km/h with full afterburner, the wings at 0% sweep and combat flaps down. For maximum turn rate, it is imperative that you stay around this speed. To do this, you can tap your elevator key, or use the mouse to gradually turn. It is fine if it gets below that speed but be sure to regain it eventually. Try not to go below 700km/h, as by that point, the turn rate will start to noticeably suffer. Above 830km/h, you will want to drop down back to your optimal rate speed by turning harder, but when doing this sweep the wings back a little (to around 20-30%), as this will help you lose speed and allow you to turn harder without breaking the wings off (at 0% wing sweep, you risk ripping the wing off at these higher speeds). When entering a dogfight in the F-14B, it is preferable to be at a higher speed (>900 km/h). This way, when you merge with an enemy fighter, you can sweep the wings back to around 45% and deploy combat flaps to boost your initial turn rate, thus initially gaining position before sweeping your wings forward and reaching your optimal rate speed.

===== The One-Circle and Counter-Two Circle Tactics =====
The other type of dogfight is the one-circle fight. This one is generally simpler than the two circle. It involves both fighters turning as hard as they can into each other. Unlike a two-circle fight, where the fighters turn opposite of each other to get on each other’s tails, a one-circle fight sees the two fighters turning directly into each other. In one-circle dogfights, sustained turn rate is irrelevant, as the fight will come down to which aircraft can turn better in a short amount of time. Speed is not as important in these fights; actually, depending on how the one-circle dogfight develops, it is often advantageous to keep speed low so that the faster enemy aircraft will pass out in front. Due to this, most one-circle fights often occur at low speeds.

Fighters which prefer one-circle tactics are those which can turn tightly (or instantaneous turn rate), have a high AOA (Angle of Attack) and have a low stall speed. One circle fighters often are superior turners at lower speeds. Typically, planes which have excellent instantaneous turn rate have the downside of trading off energy retention and sustained turn rate. Therefore, fighters which prefer the two-circle will want to rate fight these one-circle fighters.

However, in practice, this is much easier said than done. When quickly transitioning from the chaotic and fast-paced nature of Air RB combat to a dogfight, there usually isn’t a lot of time to think, so it may not be easy to set up the conditions for a rate fight in such a short amount of time. This is especially true for the F-14; while the multiple flap, wing sweep and radar states give F-14 pilots numerous options for combat, quickly and manually reconfiguring all these parts for a rate fight can prove challenging. It doesn’t help that the F-14B’s rate speed is rather high at 800km/h, so if the F-14 stars the dogfight slow, it is already at a disadvantage.

Once again, it is important for pilots in two-circle fighters to remember not to panic and keep their speed at their optimal rate speed. Because in rate fights, this is exactly what one-circle fighters attempt to exploit to gain the advantage. It is sort of a mental game, where they attempt to trick you into pulling hard and losing your speed, thus drawing you into the one-circle fight where you will subsequently be destroyed. There are numerous tactics for this. When rating, they may pull into you, cashing in their speed in an attempt to make you panic, pull hard and lose your speed. In a horizontal rate, they may pull downwards to gain speed and pull up into you; when this happens, pull up and sideways perpendicular to them, in order to say out of their guns while keeping your speed.

One of the more effective tactics is actually performed when the two-circle fighter is on the verge of winning. Like earlier, we’ll call the two-circle Fighter the friendly aircraft and the one-circle fighter the enemy aircraft. When the two aircraft are close to the ground, the friendly fighter will out-rate the enemy. It is when the friendly fighter is gaining on the enemy, but is not fully around the circle yet, that the enemy fighter begins to pull a bit harder, suggesting they are slow and vulnerable. Seeing this, and on the verge of wining, the friendly fighter may choose to finish the fight now, cashing in their speed to turn hard and shoot the enemy while they are vulnerable. But, this is a trick. The enemy still has some speed left, and because the friendly fighter wasn’t fully around the circle yet, they had insufficient speed to complete the turn and get the shot on the enemy. This results in the friendly fighter now being slow, and the enemy fighter can take this opportunity to close the distance with the friendly fighter and turn it in to a one-circle fight. At this point, it is likely game-over for the friendly fighter. Additionally, this scenario could also happen if the friendly fighter started pulling hard too early, and ran out of speed before they could take the shot. Ideally, the friendly fighter would have ignored the enemy’s hard pull, instead continuing with the rate until they are actually close enough to reliably hit the shot. This way, even if the friendly fighter missed their shot, they would have enough speed to continue rating.

As for the F-14B, it is not as much of a one-circle fighter as it is a two-circle fighter, but it still performs very well in the one-circle. At the very least, combat flaps should be utilized when in any kind of dogfight. The slower you get, the more you can lower your flaps; set it to “takeoff” from 600-400km/h, and below 400km/h, to “Landing”. Landing flaps provides the most lift and turn and therefore should always be used when dogfighting at lower speeds.

If necessary, you may set a key bind to switch to the “realistic” or “full-real” control mode. In the F-14B, it allows for much higher angles of attack and higher low-speed control. However, keep in mind that with realistic/full-real, maneuvering harder at lower speeds will bleed speed very quickly. Additionally, depending on the maneuver, one could easily destabilize the aircraft, which would typically mean game-over in a one circle fight. Therefore, use advanced controls sparingly if at all.

Though the F-14B is good in the one-circle, getting locked into a one-circle fight with a dedicated one-circle fighter such as the MiG-29, Mirage 2000 or JA37 will very quickly result in a loss for the F-14. Stick to the two-circle if possible

===== Radar Lead Indicator =====
The F-14 comes equipped with a radar lead indicator, which calculates the lead required to hit a moving aircraft. At higher speeds, this mechanic can be a bit finicky, but at slower speed dogfights, it is much more accurate. The radar lead indicator can be quite helpful in dogfights, especially when the difference between victory and defeat could come down to hitting a single gunshot opportunity. In the F-14, the best way to get this to work is by using the radar's ACM (Acquisition Mode) to automatically radar lock the enemy aircraft once in range. It is important that, in dogfights, the radar is set to the standard SRC mode. The radar's other pulse-Doppler modes, while highly useful in general combat, are highly unreliable in dogfights, as it is prone to losing lock in tail-chase and side-aspect radar locks- both situations you will constantly encounter in dogfights. The normal SRC mode does not have these limitations, and at the close ranges dogfights occur at, ground clutter and chaff will usually not be an issue. To further optimize the radar lead indicator, you can switch the ACM mode on, and then press "change radar mode" to change the small box to a tall rectangle; this can be used to automatically radar lock an aircraft without directly pointing towards them (the shape of this box will usually catch aircraft you are about to take a gunshot at).

===== Aircraft Worth Noting =====
While the F-14B itself is a highly capable dogfighter, so are many of the common enemies that it will face. In order to prevail, you need to know the strengths and weaknesses of both your own and the opposing aircraft you will be facing.

* '''F-16A (All)''': The F-14B is nearly unmatched in a rate fight. Unfortunately, arguably the most common fighter family at top tier- the supremely capable F-16A and its variants- are also the only aircraft superior to the F-14B in a rate fight. Even in the one-circle, the F-16A seems to have a slight advantage. Therefore, if possible, it is best to avoid dogfights with F-16As. Keep in mind that the F-16A being a superior aircraft has nothing to do with its pilot's skill; in a dogfight, if you recognize that an enemy F-16A is pulling too hard and getting too slow, keeping your optimal rate speed will allow you to emerge victorious in a two-circle rate fight.
* '''F-16C''': Sporting more engine power than the previous F-16A, formidable AIM-7M Sparrows and extremely dangerous AIM-9Ms paired with a HMD, this fighter is a force to be reckoned with. In a dogfight, like the previous A variant it is extremely capable. However, despite the extra engine power given from the improved engine, the added weight of other avionics actually makes it a slightly worse dogfighter than the previous F-16A. While the F-16C is still very dangerous in a one-circle against the F-14B, the slight decrease in dogfighting performance allows the F-14B to keep up with the F-16C in a two-circle fight.
* '''MiG-29A''': The MiG-29A is highly capable in the one-circle fight, having a better AOA and tighter turn radius than the F-14B. However, it does also have worse energy retention; thus, as long as you can keep the MiG-29A in a two-circle fight, the F-14B will be able to prevail.
* '''MiG-29SMT''': The MiG-29SMT is a heavier MiG-29A, so it can be out-rated easier than the MiG-29A. However, keep in mind that the SMT has extremely dangerous R-73s paired with a HMD, so be sure to start pre-flaring if you notice you may be about to be launched on.
* '''Mirage 2000C, Mirage 2000-5F''': The Mirage 2000s are among the tightest and fastest turning fighters in the game. Therefore, in the F-14B, it is highly advised not to attempt engaging them in two-circle fights, as in nearly all situations this will end in your defeat. As a delta-winged fighter, the Mirage 2Ks lose lots of speed in a turn. This makes the two-circle rate fight the F-14B is so good at the main strategy when dogfighting Mirage 2Ks. Against Mirages, it is important to recognize their energy state; even if it seems like the Mirage is getting behind you, it could be that, in reality, they are slow and only sitting inside your circle, unable to shoot you. Stay calm and do your best to stay at the F-14B's optimal rate speed of 800km/h. Try not to panic and pull too hard to get away from the Mirage's nose, as doing so will slow you down and make the Mirage's victory come closer. Continue to rate until you reach the ground, where you will begin outrating them. Remember that the 2000-5F has a HMD, making the Magic 2 missiles a problem in dogfights.
* '''F-14A (Early)''': The earlier F-14A is very similar in dogfighting performance to the F-14B, with similar turn and rate performance. The F-14B does have superior engine power over the F-14A, so make sure to utilize the vertical to gain an advantage against this older F-14.
* '''MiG-23 (All)''': MiG-23s are, like the F-14B, excellent rate fighters. However, the F-14B's sustained turn rate is slightly better than the MiG-23's. An easier tactic is to one-circle them, as the F-14B has a much superior instantaneous turn rate.
* '''Viggens (JA37C, JA37D, AJ37, AJS37)''': The Viggen has an excellent instantaneous turn rate. However, its energy retention is very poor, and thus two-circle rate tactics should be used to overcome this Swedish fighter in a dogfight.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Ability to equip additional countermeasure pods grants a massive amount of countermeasures
* Access to upgraded AIM-7M SARH missiles and AIM-54C ARH missiles
* All-aspect AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles are a significant upgrade from the previous rear-aspect AIM-9H
* High velocity and extremely fast firing M61 rotary cannon
* Large air-to-air missile capacity of eight
* Substantial improvement to thrust and climb rate from the previous F-14A
* Same powerful radar as the previous F-14A
* Strong air-to-ground load out with Paveway laser-guided bombs and the LANTIRN thermal laser targeting pod
* Great instantaneous turn rate and excellent sustained turn rate
* Excellent energy retention
* Built-in camera targeting system automatically zooms in to radar locked aircraft and is useful for identification in simulator mode
* Built-in camera works with the EEGS, allowing you to use the function by applying the target point on the enemy

'''Cons:'''

* Large airframe makes for a large target
* Two very hot engines make it harder to flare off IR-guided missiles
* M61 rotary cannon has a rather small ammunition pool of 676
* The AIM-54C still only has 17G maximum overload and is thus rather easy to kinetically defeat

== History ==

=== F-14B Upgrade Program ===
During the mid-1980s, the United States Navy (USN) made a momentous decision to enhance the F-14 airframe by introducing a remarkable new variant of the aircraft. Originally designated as the F-14A+, this exceptional aircraft would eventually earn the prestigious moniker of the F-14B. The USN's comprehensive modernization program aimed to bring the F-14 airframe up to date with the latest technological advancements. One of the key aspects of this program was the incorporation of numerous electronic upgrades. The F-14B underwent a significant avionics overhaul, introducing advanced systems that improved the aircraft's capabilities in various areas. These upgrades included enhanced RWR systems, improved target detection and tracking capabilities (introduction of the Television Camera System) and upgraded communication systems to ensure seamless integration with other elements of the modern battlefield. In addition to these upgrades, the F-14B also received a major boost in terms of its powerplant. The outdated engines of the original F-14A model were replaced with the more advanced F110-GE-400 engines. These engines provided increased thrust and improved fuel efficiency, resulting in enhanced performance and greater operational flexibility for the aircraft. The F-110 engines also offered improved reliability and reduced maintenance requirements, which were crucial factors in ensuring the overall effectiveness and availability of the F-14B.

===[[wt:en/news/8228-development-grumman-f-14b-tomcat-the-bombcat-en|Devblog]]===
As part of the further upgrade of the Grumman F-14A carrier-based fighters, the aircraft were equipped with new General Electric F110-GE-400 turbojet engines with an afterburner, which significantly increased thrust, while reducing specific fuel consumption. The aircraft also received updated electronic equipment, as well as, unlike early production versions, the TISEO (Target Identification System, Electro Optical) optical target identification system. Initially, the updated Tomcats received the designation F-14A +.

This configuration was applied both to newly manufactured fighters, as well as to those already in service as an upgrade pack. In 1992, the designation was changed to F-14B in order to unify it with other military equipment in service. Subsequently, the F-14B were further upgraded in 1998 under the SLEP program. These jet fighters were in service with the US Navy aviation until 2006.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=f_14b Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="200">
File:F-14B WTWallpaper001.jpg
File:F-14B WTWallpaper002.jpg
File:F-14B WTWallpaper003.jpg
File:F-14B WTWallpaper004.jpg
File:F-14B WTWallpaper005.jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|dUa3X0uS70o|'''F-14B Tomcat Ultimate Review''' - ''Bob Dickinson''|LHIGPV9XDjM|'''The Shooting Range #360''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:26 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[F-14 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8228-development-grumman-f-14b-tomcat-the-bombcat-en|[Devblog] Grumman F-14B Tomcat: The Bombcat]]

{{AirManufacturer Grumman}}
{{USA jet aircraft}}

F-16A ADF

2023-10-21T05:14:40Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = American jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = F-16 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=f_16a_block_15_adf
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

After the USAF Air Defense Command was dissolved, the Air National Guard (ANG) took up the task of defending American airspace in the mid-1980s. The F-16, which was introduced only several years prior, was selected, and 270 F-16A/B air frames were converted to the ADF standard (Air Defense Fighters). The first production variants of the F-16 lacked the ability to utilize the AIM-7 Sparrow, so the ADF included that feature. It also featured the AN/APX-109 IFF system and a spotlight for illumination during nighttime operations. Conversions were conducted at Ogden Air Logistics Center and carried on for 3 years. After the threat of Soviet bombers was over, many of the F-16 ADFs were either reconverted back into F-16A/Bs, placed into storage, or sold off to other countries.

Introduced in [[Update "Apex Predators"]], the '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a very powerful fighter thanks to its radar missile capability, dogfighting abilities, and overall performance. Firstly, the F-16A ADF is able to carry the [[AIM-7M Sparrow]], which is useful for medium to long-range engagements. The ADF can also equip all-aspect [[AIM-9L Sidewinder|AIM-9L Sidewinders]], which have a decently long range for an infrared missile. Since the ADF was simply a conversion of the regular [[F-16A]] variant, it features the same engine and mostly the same airframe. However, the extra weight added by the various electronics and systems does increase the weight by around 280 kg (617 lb). Also, since the ADF was intended for interception, it lacks suspended armament and is mainly relegated to air duties. Nonetheless, the F-16A ADF is still overall an excellent aircraft.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The F-16 ADF has a very poor manoeuvrability at higher speeds (above around 850 km/h) due to its angle of attack (AOA) limiter. Staying at these higher speeds is ideal for general air combat, but greatly limits your manoeuvring and dogfighting abilities. At these high speeds, poor nose-pointing ability makes it troublesome to lock Sidewinders, get an ACM radar lock, or aim the gun. Only by going below these speeds (thus getting slow) does any semblance of dogfighting ability whatsoever begin to be gained. The F-16's acceleration can be "too good": its poor high speed manoeuvrability combined with its excellent acceleration and energy retention means heavy down-throttling, air braking and energy management are practically required to drop below these speeds to be able to dogfight.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 10,973 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,093 || 2,063 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 20.3 || 20.6 || 252.7 || 240.2 || rowspan="2" | 850
|-
! Upgraded
| 2,198 || 2,146 || 19.3 || 19.8 || 340.8 || 295.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,555  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 470 || 463 || ~10 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 680 || < 750 || < 700 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Pratt & Whitney F100-PW-220 || 1
| colspan="2" | 7,970 kg || colspan="2" | 402 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with internal fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 8m fuel || 20m fuel || 29m fuel
|-
| 1,470 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning low-bypass turbofan
| 8,942 kg || 10,193 kg || 11,210 kg || 12,914 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 8m fuel || 20m fuel || 29m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 6,490 kgf || 8,985 kgf
| 1.01 || 0.88 || 0.80 || 0.70
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 7,434 kgf (1,555 km/h) || 15,225 kgf (1,400 km/h)
| 1.71 || 1.49 || 1.36 || 1.18
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs) !! Lead indicator
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Cross}} || {{Cross}} || {{Cross}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M61A1 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** 1 x 20 mm M61A1 cannon, wing root-mounted (512 rpg)
** 1 x 20 mm M61A1 cannon + 60 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AIM-7M Sparrow|AIM-9L Sidewinder}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance presets:

* 1 x 300 gal drop tank
* 2 x AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles
* 6 x AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles
* 2 x AIM-7M Sparrow missiles

==== Custom loadout options ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="6%" | 1 !! width="6%" | 2 !! width="6%" | 3 !! width="6%" | 4 !! width="6%" | 5 !! width="6%" | 6 !! width="6%" | 7
| rowspan="4" width="25%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! AIM-7M Sparrow missiles
| || || 1 || || 1 || ||
|-
! AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles
| 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! 300 gal drop tanks
| || || || 1 || || ||
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The F-16A ADF can be a powerful fighter with multiple playstyles, rushing straight into battle or hanging high and utilizing the [[AIM-7M Sparrow]]s. Players that plan to stay low and accelerate straight into action will be satisfied with the F-16's low-altitude performance and radar. Players that want to keep high and sling AIM-7Ms at targets will be more than pleased with the F-16's strong climb rate, range of the AIM-7M, and radar. A mixed countermeasure loadout (1 flare, 1 chaff) is recommended because it allows 30 countermeasure drops against radar or IR missiles. In order to be prepared for matches that may extend longer than usual, select the 20-minute fuel option in conjunction with the 300-gallon drop tank. The F-16 consumes a lot of fuel on afterburner, so it's essential to use it wisely unless the max fuel amount is selected.

The AIM-7Ms must be used wisely since only 2 Sparrows can be carried simultaneously. For long-range, high-altitude fights, seek out targets closing in fast. Do not fire at targets already about to notch or beginning to notch. AIM-7Ms are excellent for these types of engagements due to their range and manoeuvrability. As for low-altitude engagements, look for targets closing in fast and at around 500 metres altitude or above. Do not fire at targets that are flying very close to the ground because the radar will track underneath the intended target, and the missile will miss. As for [[AIM-9L Sidewinder]]s, players can be more generous with them since the ADF can carry up to 6 AIM-9Ls. If a player finds themselves above the fight, it will be effortless to fire off missiles at distracted enemies and score kills quickly. AIM-9Ls are very strong from the rear aspect and require hard defending from the opponent to evade successfully.

The F-16 is very strong in a dogfight due to its excellent TWR and energy retention. Before entering a dogfight, however, it's critical to be at the correct speed. The F-16 has a very wide turning circle at high speeds, so make sure to stay around 800-850 km/h (497-528 mph) when entering a dogfight.

'''Countering the [[MiG-29]]'''

The MiG-29 is a very versatile and capable fighter and will be one of the most common enemies you will face. However, like many planes, it's possible to counter it. It's one of the fastest jets on the deck (~1,550 km/h, 963 mph) and has access to a helmet-mounted sight, which allows the player to lock the missile in the direction of the pilot's view rather than just along the nose of the aircraft. This allows for off-bore missile launches which can be a threat. It's important to be on the lookout all the time for any missile launches, whether it be an [[R-60M]] or an [[R-27T]].

In a dogfight, the F-16 will easily outperform a MiG-29 due to its superior low-speed handling. It should be noted that the F-16 can be a bit "floppy" at low speeds , and if not corrected, can lead to being shot down.
[[File:MiG-29 vs F-16A ADF performance (WT version 2.23.1.17).png|thumb|460x460px|F-16A ADF has excellent hidden sustain turn performance only available to those using sim controls due to the artificial G-limiter (which is actually just aggressive control stiffness/"compressibility") of the aircraft.]]
The MiG-29 at high altitude can be dangerous if the opponent utilizes [[R-27ER]]s. The R-27ER has superb range, acceleration, and manoeuvrability. To counter this, stay on the lookout for MiG-29s and R-27ERs and be prepared to go into a notch position and drop chaff. The R-27ER burns for 9 seconds which allows it to be spotted for a long time before the motor burns out. The F-16 will not be able to fight BVR against a MiG-29 unless it gets the jump/fires the missile far in advance. The R-27ER is a much quicker missile than the AIM-7M, and the R-27ER will reach its intended target much faster than the AIM-7M, even if launched at the same time.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent acceleration and climb rate, the former of which helps the F-16 recover from the lower speeds that it can dogfight at
* Excellent energy retention
* Excellent manoeuvrability at low to medium speeds
* Decent top speed
* 20 mm Vulcan cannon has high velocity and rate of fire
* Six powerful missiles: up to six all aspect AIM-9Ls and up to two potent SARH AIM-7Ms
* Drop tank available to extend range
* Bubble canopy with excellent unobstructed 360° visibility gives great situational awareness in simulator mode

'''Cons:'''

* Lacks any air-to-ground suspended ordnance whatsoever
* Internal M61 cannon has a small ammo pool
* Very poor manoeuvrability at higher speeds (above around 850 km/h), greatly limiting its manoeuvring and dogfighting ability
* Very hot engine temperature
* Extremely high fuel consumption on afterburner

== History ==

In the mid-1980s, after the deactivation of the USAF Air Defense Command, the ANG (Air National Guard) was tasked with defending North American airspace from Soviet bombers. To complete this task, 270 F-16A/Bs were to be converted into ADFs (Air Defense Fighters) at Ogden Air Logistics Center in Utah. General Dynamics carried out the first conversions and then sent kits to Ogden to complete the conversion. The ADF conversion included upgrading the AN/APG-66 radar to improve target acquisition of small targets, IFF for distinguishing friendlies and foes (AN/APX-109), and a 150,000-candlepower night spotlight for identification.

The first F-16 ADF was delivered to the Oregon Air National Guard in March 1989. Conversions started from 1989 to 1992, with around 270 airframes converted to ADF F-16s. However, with the dissolution of the Soviet Union, there was no longer a purpose for the F-16 ADF. The Air National Guard F-16s were to be slowly phased out and were either converted back to the original F-16A/B configuration or placed in storage. The North Dakota ANG had the last few F-16 ADFs in service until they were retired in 2007. Since the F-16 ADFs in storage had low flight hours, they were sold to other countries like Jordan (Peace Falcon program) and Thailand (Peace Naresuan IV program.)

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=f_16a_block_15_adf Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="200">
File:IFF F-16 ADF.png|4-blade "bird slicer" antenna on the nose of the F-16A ADF (AN/APX-109)
</gallery>

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[F-16 (Family)]]

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer General Dynamics}}
{{USA jet aircraft}}

Bf 110 C-6

2023-10-19T21:32:36Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = German strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other variants
| link = Bf 110 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=bf-110c-6
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=Bf 110 C-6 (Germany)
}}

== Description ==

In 1934, Hermann Goring issued a specification requirement for a long-range heavy fighter. Soon after, Messerschmitt submitted their design, the Bf 110, along with two other companies, Henschel and Focke-Wulf. The 110 was Messerschmitt's first twin-engine aircraft and was designed almost right after the Bf 109. As all three companies developed their aircraft, the RLM (German Ministry of Aviation) changed the requirements for more armament. Henschel and Focke-Wulf agreed with the requirements, but Messerschmitt rejected the new requirement and stuck with the original design. The performance loss created by the extra firepower in Henschel's and Focke-Wulf's designs led to the Bf 110 having far superior performance, which was later accepted. This marked the beginning of the Bf 110 in its long history, from the mid-1930s to the end of the war.

The Bf 110 C specifically featured the new DB 601A engines as well as a host of other changes. The air frame was revised, new propellers were added with more capability, and the cockpit enclosure was changed. The wing tips were also clipped, which reduced the wing span. By the time war broke out, squadrons were fitted with the 110 C, and they soon saw battle. The Battle of Britain would be the first major battle for the 110, and it was not good. Due to the nature of being a twin-engine fighter, the 110 could not compete with the more nimble Hurricanes and Spitfires. Many Bf 110s were lost as the war carried on, and it got so bad that they were grounded until more 110s were delivered. The Bf 110 C-6 was a minor improvement over the C-4. The main differences were the addition of a 30 mm cannon and DB 601N engines, which produced more power.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was introduced as a premium reward fighter in [[wt:en/news/6293/current|Operation H.E.A.T event]] during [[Update 1.89 "Imperial Navy"]]. It is quite a rare aircraft and features a unique paintjob. The Bf 110 C-6 comes armed with four 7.92 mm machine guns and a single 30 mm cannon; as well as the rear-facing turret. The 20 mm MG/FF cannons found in other Bf 110s were removed in favor of the 30 mm, which was more potent against bombers. The C-6 also lacks suspended armament, so players are relegated to using the 30 mm cannon for armoured targets. With HVAP (high-velocity armour-piercing), the 30 mm can penetrate up to 77 mm of armour which is quite good for a 30 mm. However, it lacks explosive filler, so players need to be accurate and precise when attacking enemy tanks.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,300 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 525 || 507 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 24.1 || 25.0 || 7.9 || 7.9 || rowspan="2" | 444
|-
! Upgraded
| 567 || 545 || 21.9 || 23.0 || 14.2 || 10.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 467 || 438 || 290 || ~15 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 360 || < 350 || < 370 || > 715
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 4,850 m || 1,050 hp || 1,168 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8.5-10.5 mm Steel plates in front of the cockpit
* 5.5 mm Steel plate under the pilot
* 8-10.5 mm Steel plate behind the pilot
* 6 mm Steel plate under defensive gunner
* 8.5 mm Steel plate in front of defensive gunner

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MK 101 (30 mm)|MG 17 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 30 mm MK 101 cannon, chin-mounted (60 rpg)
* 4 x 7.92 mm MG 17 machine guns, nose-mounted (1,000 rpg = 4,000 total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 15 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 7.92 mm MG 15 machine gun, dorsal turret (750 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==


The Bf 110 C-6 is best suited at ground attack and bomber interception roles. The 30 mm chin-mounted cannon can load both HVAP and HE rounds giving it flexibility in both Air RB and Ground RB. The Bf 110 C-6 can intercept bombers, destroy tanks and pillboxes with its 30 mm cannon but struggles in dogfights with fighters unless it had the altitude/energy advantage. The lack of 20 mm cannons leaves the C-6 nothing to fall back on except four machine guns. The C-6 is a great ground attacker in ground battles as the 30 mm cannon can penetrate most tanks at its rank.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 30 mm chin-mounted cannon with HVAP or HE shells and 60 rounds
* 30 mm HVAP is a very capable tank killer
* Very manoeuvrable compared to other German attackers at the rank
* Flight performance are barely affected when compared to the 110 C-7
* Four 7.92 machine guns with 1,000 RPG
* Sturdy airframe and high survivability
* Armoured around the pilot and gunner

'''Cons:'''

* Lacks 20 mm cannons found on other Bf 110s
* Cannot carry bombs or rockets
* Slow acceleration and poor energy retention
* Large target
* Single 7.92 mm MG 15 dorsal turret with a limited cone of fire
* Large elevator is a large but somewhat durable target when cannons aren't involved
* Lacks armoured glass windscreen, increasing chances of pilot being injured from head-ons

== History ==


The Bf 110 C-6 is a twin-engine heavy attack aircraft developed according to a special programme whose objective was to outfit the Bf 110 fighters with a heavy cannon armament. This modification came into existence in the spring of 1939. The aircraft was designed to be equipped with a 30 mm MK 101 cannon, while its standard-issue 20 mm cannons were dismantled for the purposes of reducing the weight and increasing fuselage space. A series of issues concerning the manufacturing of the MK 101 cannons led to the postponement of the project, but in the summer of 1940, the German government placed an order to assemble a test batch consisting of 12 C-6 aircraft. All the fighters in this batch were deployed in the Battle of France as anti-tank aircraft, as well as in the Battle of Britain to combat enemy ships and destroy enemy radars.

''- From [[wt:en/news/6296/current|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=bf-110c-6 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="200">
File:Bf 110 C-6 WTWallpaper 001.jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|AW9Gjrax8Zg|'''The Shooting Range #53''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 03:07 discusses the Bf 110.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6296/current|[Development] Bf 110C-6: The Devourer of Ground Units]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/458558-bf-110-c6/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer BFW}}
{{Germany strike aircraft}}
{{Germany premium aircraft}}

Bf 109 B-1

2023-10-19T19:24:18Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
|about=German fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage=other variants
|link=Bf 109 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=bf-109b_2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

In the early 1930s, a competition was held to replace the aging He 51 and other biplane fighters. Out of four designs, the Bf 109 was selected and would mark the beginning of the fabled Bf 109. At first, it was powered by a Rolls-Royce engine, but later developments switched out the engine for the Junkers Jumo. Although the Bf 109 A might be thought of by some as the first production variant of the 109, it was actually the Bf 109 B. The 109 A production run was abandoned because the planned version of the B variant would've included a 20 mm cannon firing through the propeller hub. However, cooling issues prevented the use of the cannon and instead another 7.92 mm machine gun was added. The Bf 109 B-1 would be powered by the Junkers Jumo 210D, and it propelled the 109 to speeds up to ~467 km/h (292 mph). It was far slower than the Merlin-powered Hawker Hurricane, and the 109 wouldn't receive a major engine upgrade until the Bf 109 D, which introduced the Daimler-Benz engines.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was introduced in [[Update 1.49 "Weapons of Victory"|Update 1.49 (aka 1.70.1945) "Weapons of Victory"]]. Being the first production variant of the 109, the B-1 is quite lacklustre when it comes to performance and armament. It lacks any cannons, and the Jumo engine only produces around 650 hp. With a maximum climb rate of only 10.2 m/s, players should practice side climbing to gain an altitude advantage over enemy aircraft. Many opponents will be in biplanes, and they will easily outturn the 109 in a dogfight. Thus, players should use its excellent structural limit of 790 km/h (493 mph) to make boom and zoom passes on enemy fighters. Also, the B-1 comes armed with only two 7.92 mm machine guns, so it will take many rounds to down an enemy aircraft. Targeting the pilot will be the best option to quickly and efficiently take down enemy aircraft.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 443 || 434 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 22.9 || 23.7 || 7.6 || 7.6 || rowspan="2" | 210
|-
! Upgraded
| 486 || 465 || 21.1 || 22.0 || 13.2 || 10.2
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 387 || 371 || 250 || ~13 || 7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 450 || < 390 || < 450 || > 312
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 1,250 m || 670 hp || 704hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 3,200 m || 600 hp || 660 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


Despite lacking in armour protection and self-sealing fuel tanks, this aircraft is surprisingly resilient and can withstand significant damage. Although it is vulnerable to being hit, its design allows for it to absorb incoming rounds, particularly when facing head-on attacks or gunners on bombers. In battles against early tier aircraft such as biplanes, the bullets from their weapons are not as effective unless they are fired at close range or aimed at vital components. As most pilots at this level are new to the game, they may not be proficient in aiming their weapons, giving you an added advantage. To increase your chances of survival, it's essential to master good evasive manoeuvres. By doing so, you can out manoeuvre low-powered planes and make a narrow escape, thus saving your life. However, the engine is a vulnerable part of the aircraft, and you may have to lose it before losing any other vital component. Overall, despite its lack of armour protection and self-sealing fuel tanks, this aircraft can be a formidable fighter in the right hands. It requires a skilled pilot who knows how to exploit its strengths and weaknesses to emerge victorious in battle.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 17 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 7.92 mm MG 17 machine guns, nose-mounted (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==

When facing fighters that have a high tolerance for 7.92 mm rounds, it's crucial to adopt a specific strategy to take them down quickly. In this scenario, targeting the pilot becomes the best option as it can bring the enemy down with fewer rounds fired. This approach requires exceptional aiming skills and a quick trigger finger. However, it can be a game-changer when facing a tough opponent.

On the other hand, the Bf 109 B-1 does not fare well when engaging bombers. In this scenario, it's essential to aim for the engine or pilot to deal critical damage. The engine has a larger hit box, making it the preferable target. A well-placed shot can result in an engine or fuel tank fire, making it easier to take down the bomber.

When targeting the engines, it's important to note that propellers take some time to stop spinning. Firing all your rounds into a single engine can be misleading, and a few well-timed bursts should be enough to get the job done. Once you feel that an engine has taken enough damage, you can switch to the other engines to maximize your chances of success.

Another strategy when engaging bombers is to target the gunners. Taking them out can enable you to stay behind the bomber, targeting a specific area or engine. However, this approach requires exceptional aiming skills and can cost you valuable time if you miss your shots. It's best to target the gunners during your initial pass, and if you miss, switch to targeting the engine or pilot.

Overall, engaging fighters and bombers requires a different approach, and it's essential to understand the strengths and weaknesses of your aircraft and those of your opponents. With practice and experience, you can become an expert in taking down tough enemies, even with a weaker aircraft like the Bf 109 B-1.

'''Realistic Battles'''

The Bf 109 B-1 is a strong performer in Realistic Battles (RB), although it lacks the outstanding climb rate of later 109 models. Despite this, it still manages to get to altitude quickly and efficiently. Its biggest asset is its incredible high-speed turn, which allows it to cut inside the turning circles of other planes, particularly in a high-speed engagement. This maneuverability can give you an edge over your opponents, especially if you can make use of your speed to reset the engagement in your favor.

However, it's important to remember that if you drag the fight on for too long, you may lose your advantage. This is especially true when facing opponents with better armament or maneuverability. To maximize your chances of success, you need to be aware of your strengths and weaknesses and use them to your advantage. Against early tier biplanes and other monoplanes, you can use your speed to outmaneuver and outpace them.

One significant drawback of the Bf 109 B-1 is its armament. Its weapons lack the firepower of other aircraft in its class, requiring prolonged periods of time on target to down or critically damage an enemy. As with other 109 models, the roll rate is subpar, and the rudder needs to be utilized to maximize its potential. A skilled pilot can make up for these deficiencies by using proper tactics and making the most of the plane's strengths.

Overall, the Bf 109 B-1 can be a formidable fighter in RB when flown by an experienced pilot. It may not have the same outstanding climb rate as its successors, but its incredible high-speed turn and speed make it a valuable asset in dogfights. Despite its limited armament, a skilled pilot can make the most of it, using proper tactics to outmaneuver and outpace opponents.

'''Simulator Battles'''

In Simulator battles, the Bf 109 B-1 is a versatile fighter that is easy to fly and fights well. The aircraft's smooth handling, combined with adequate speed against biplanes and impressive climb rate and turn rate, make it a friendly fighter for newcomers. Its nose-mounted machine guns have a lot of ammo and do not require any convergence settings, making it very easy to aim. The nose gently slopes down from the windscreen, offering a great over-the-nose vision, which is helpful when maneuvering the aircraft. Despite having a razorback, the B model actually has great visibility towards the tail, increasing the pilot's situational awareness, which is important in a simulator battle.

However, the B model's main drawback is its poor firepower given by the mere 2 x 7.92 mm MGs. Shooting windows in Simulator battles are much smaller than in RB, which reduces its effectiveness even more. As a result, you will need to bring at least 30 minutes of fuel for prolonged patrolling and fighting. The convergence does not really matter, and it might be anywhere between 250-600 m. To improve over-the-nose visibility, you can set keys for vertical head movement, allowing you to lift up your head a little.

When dogfighting in Simulator battles, you can utilise common manuevers such as Immelmann, Split-S, scissor, barrel roll, etc. However, note that the Bf 109 handles very sluggishly in the roll axis at low speed, so take this into account if dogfighting at low speed/altitude. You can pull the elevator fully for maximum agility, but only if you pull gently and gradually will the 109 manoeuvre as you wish. If maximum elevator input is harsh and sudden, the plane will start swaying around and enter a flat spin. The aircraft can quite easily recover from a flat spin by fully deflecting elevators downward and rudder to the opposite side of which the plane is spinning, and wait until it starts a dive and gather some speed to pull up.

Finally, landing the Bf 109 B-1 may need some practice for some. At first, it is easy: decelerate and descent towards the runway, deploy combat, takeoff, landing flaps, and gears in order, and fly at ~230 km/h before touchdown. However, if the plane bounces up with landing flaps, use takeoff/combat flaps instead to reduce lift. Note that you must align the plane with the airstrip correctly prior to touchdown and do not yaw/break one side too much when breaking, as the main landing gears are so close together that they cannot support such sideways force, causing the plane to wobble dangerously or even tilt towards one side, striking a wingtip into the ground.

====Specific enemies worth noting====

The Bf 109 B-1 runs the risk of meeting [[Hurricane_(Family)|Hurricanes]], a plane introduced to the [[:Category:Britain_aircraft|RAF]] in 1935 that has a far heavier armament and shorter snap turns. Against better performing enemies, the Bf 109 B-1 is not hopeless, but it will be tough. It is not exactly sturdy and will be quickly stitched to death by heavily armed enemies. Here, manoeuvrability is key, allowing you to roll out of an incoming attack quickly, setting up overshoots to keep the enemy at bay. A surprising number of players will lose their patience in such moments, making mistakes and thus nullifying their performance advantage. Nearly all planes of superior performance turn worse than a B-1, so if you manage to bleed their speed and pull them to the deck, you will be able to win a turning engagement. However, keep a watchful eye for better turning enemies such as biplanes.

====Counter-tactics====

The Bf 109 B-1 is going to be a rude awakening for those that flock to the 109s due to their historic reputation. While a capable pre-war fighter, it is severely lacking in firepower. Its two [[MG 17 (7.92 mm)|MG 17]]s 7.92 mm are just about adequate when engaging biplanes or [[I-16 type 5|I-16]]s, but lack punch against tougher opponents such as [[Hurricane Mk I/L|Hawker Hurricanes]]. Just about any enemy you might meet has either comparable or better armament.

What the plane lacks in firepower, it makes up in manoeuvrability, with the later trademark Bf 109 energy fighting capabilities displayed. A capable pilot can make this aircraft dance like any Messerschmitt, but it requires discipline, precision and effective use of the two MG 17's. When engaging planes that are of the Spanish Civil War Era, the B-1 does best by using its speed and superior climb rate to place itself into an advantageous attack position, and then launching one concentrated attack after the other on its target. Remember to always recycle your speed into altitude and back as the fight progresses. Before zoom climbing back up from an attack, remember to extend a little bit to avoid getting picked off from a prop-hang. As you zoom up, check your surroundings to keep good situational awareness.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent agility, able to do very sharp turns
* Good energy conservation
* Very useful during dogfights since it is able to outmanoeuvre the opponent
* Has excellent control during slow speed

'''Cons:'''

* Not the fastest option at its rank
* Considerably weak armament
* May be too responsive for some players

== History ==

The Bf 109 B-1 came out of the prototype V series of the Bf 109s and saw combat in the Spanish Civil War. While the Bf 109s faced various performance and reliability issues from their engine to an obvious lack of "punch", the experience proved to yield valuable data allowing for design improvement, ensuring the success of later Bf 109 models.

While the B-1 was the only production model of the 109 carrying the "Bertha" designation, later models that saw improvements to the variable pitch carried the unofficial designation of B-2.

A subvariant of the Bf 109 B called the "V13" was powered by a boosted Daimler-Benz 601 engine. It produced well over 1,600 hp; a massive increase over the Merlin found in the Hawker Hurricane. The boosted engine allowed the Bf 109 to set a world speed record of 606 km/h (379 mph) in 1937. Unfortunately, the DB series of engines would never be put in a production variant of the 109 until the Bf 109 D variant.

A notable feature of the Bf 109 B-1 is its massive opening in the cowling. While production models carried a third MG 17 firing out of said cowling, this was nearly always removed after combat trials during the Spanish Civil War. Although the fixed gun was cooled by the air coming in through the hole, it proved unreliable and a detriment to the plane. The in-game Bf 109 B-1 does not have this MG 17.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=bf-109b_2 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|TaiwDTpA9AQ|'''How To Fly #7 the Bf 109 B-1''' - ''WickedWilliWonka''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Bf 109 (Family)]]
** [[Flegel's Bf 109 A]]

;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* [[MiG-3-15]]

== External links ==


* [https://me109.info/ <nowiki>[Falcon's Messerschmitt Bf 109 Hangar]</nowiki> Bf 109B]
* [[Wikipedia:Messerschmitt_Bf_109_variants#Bf_109_A.2FB.2FC.2FD|[Wikipedia] Messerschmitt Bf 109 variants - Bf 109 A/B/C/D]]

{{AirManufacturer BFW}}
{{Germany fighters}}

F2H-2

2023-10-19T15:00:46Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{Specs-Card
|code=f2h-2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
|cockpit=cockpit_f2h-2.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The Banshee first started life as the XFD-1 Phantom (not the F-4 Phantom) in the very late stages of World War 2. It was intended to be used during the invasion of Japan in 1946. A decent amount of Phantoms were built, but they were quickly out of service when the far improved XF2D-1 Banshee was designed. It was more powerful and had more range thanks to its better engines and larger airframe. The F2H-2 Banshee was the second production variant of the Banshee. It had provisions for more fuel tanks and better engines than the F2H-1. The Westinghouse J34-WE-34 engine provided an 8% increase in thrust and allowed for more pylons to be added to the airframe. This would also be the most produced variant, with over 300 being built.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was introduced in [[Update 1.45 "Steel Generals"]]. The F2H-2 Banshee is a fantastic jet fighter with great overall speed and good manoeuvrability. The Banshee is a very stable platform at high speeds. With a structural speed limit of just under 1,000 km/h (621), the Banshee can easily outdive many early jet fighters. Furthermore, the Banshee comes armed with four chin-mounted 20 mm cannons, which are devastating to enemy aircraft with the air target belt. Overall, this jet is one of the best US early jets; its BR coupled with its very good performances make it a very pleasant aircraft to fly and grind the whole US air tree.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The F2H-2 Banshee is a carrier-based jet fighter aircraft. The plane is powered by the Westinghouse J34-WE-34 engine, the same that can be found in the F3D-1, although it is over 90 km/h faster than the former in level flight at sea level, it can reach 933 km/h. The Banshee is significantly faster than the F-80C and slower than jets from other nations, the Yak-30, M.D.452, J29 or export versions of the F-84G, also the structural speed which is 994 km/h is lower than their maximum level speed, so it can struggle with catching up to them.
Its level acceleration is decent, it varies a lot on the fuel amount since the plane carries a lot of it and when there is 30 minutes or less left it is very comparable to jets at similar battle rating, but any F-86 or MiG-15 version will easily outperform it. When it comes to climbing it can start struggling against any other planes, when the plane is fully loaded it is only 27 m/s and increases to ~37 m/s when there is only 20 minutes (30%) of fuel left.
The F2H can fly for around 30 minutes at 100% of power, then it can start to overheat. There is no time limit for flying at 94%.

The manoeuvrability is also decent: at low and medium speed it can give a hard time to jets with swept wings and some other like the F-84G, performing a full horizontal circle will take 25 seconds at 1000 m with full fuel tanks and around 20 seconds with 20 minutes of fuel. The flaps also can decrease the turn time by 20% but their drawback is their quite low speed limit. The plane will suffer from high speed compressibility near 1000 km/h IAS. Since it is a carrier-based jet, its stall speed is low: it varies from 185 to 205 km/h IAS, depending on the weight.
The positive and negative G limit for wings are very low, the plane can suffer from wing failure after reaching close to 9G with full loadout. When rolling, it can reach up to 100 degrees per second at 600 km/h IAS and it is mediocre below 300 km/h IAS, 50 degrees per second and lower. The Banshee has also access to airbrakes which can help during landing or in combat situations to slow down the plane.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 910 || 884 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 26.8 || 27.8 || 21.6 || 20.2 || rowspan="2" | 670
|-
! Upgraded
| 947 || 933 || 25.8 || 26.0 || 33.9 || 27.4
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 503 || 473 || 325 || ~8 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 620 || < 650 || < 700 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Westinghouse J34-WE-34 || 2
| colspan="3" | 5,620 kg || colspan="3" | 335 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 60m fuel || 69m fuel
|-
| 600 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 6,674 kg || 7,178 kg || 7,980 kg || 8,689 kg || 9,142 kg || 11,000 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 60m fuel || 69m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 1,469 kgf || N/A
| 0.44 || 0.41 || 0.37 || 0.34 || 0.32 || 0.27
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 1,469 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.44 || 0.41 || 0.37 || 0.34 || 0.32 || 0.27
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

''Compressor'' and ''Engine'' are always useful upgrades and all acceleration unlocks are a top priority. Given the ''uniqueness'' of the AN/M3 armament ''New 20 mm cannons'' and ''[[G-Suit]]'' should be preferable tier 4 goals. The stock belts are better than any other type of ammo, due to more two times more HEFI-T inside of them, but for the improved cannons, they need to be researched, albeit that can wait past the G-Suit. To help with the manoeuvrability issues, boosters should be considered a priority as well.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M3 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 20 mm M3 cannons, nose-mounted (150 rpg = 600 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AN-M57 (250 lb)|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|HVAR}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance presets:

* Without load
* 8 x HVAR rockets
* 4 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (1,000 lb total)
* 2 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (1,000 lb total)

==== Custom loadout options ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="5%" | 1 !! width="5%" | 2 !! width="5%" | 3 !! width="5%" | 4 !! width="5%" | 5 !! width="5%" | 6 !! width="5%" | 7 !! width="5%" | 8
| rowspan="5" width="25%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! 250 lb AN-M57 bombs
| || || 1* || 1 || 1 || 1* || ||
|-
! 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs
| || || || 1* || 1* || || ||
|-
! HVAR rockets
| 1 || 1 || 1* || 1 || 1 || 1* || 1 || 1
|-
| colspan="9" | Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 300 kg
|-
| colspan="10" | * 500 lb bombs cannot be equipped with ordnance in the adjacent hardpoint
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The Banshee is first in the US naval jet lineup and possesses many characteristics that make it a fantastic start for jet players.

Some tips to use it effectively are:

*Staying at a high altitude (side-climbing)
*Avoiding/evading higher-flying prop and jet planes (Stay aware of your surroundings and watch for enemy fighters)
*Using Boom & Zoom or Hit & Run tactics

In AB, the F2H is actually quite mediocre. Its high BR makes it liable to be put with superior jets such as the Me-262 (which has unlimited fuel, as is characteristic of AB) or the F-86 Sabre.

AB will initially be frustrating as the un-upgraded Banshee is a very poor performer. Its cannons jam, it has a relatively poor climb rate, and acceleration is poor as well.

Once upgraded, however, the Banshee can be a very effective and useful plane.

The F2H-2 is most effectively used as an energy fighter. It has great energy retention, turns well, and accelerates quite well once fully researched. However, the stock Banshee is terrible compared to super-props such as the [[Tempest Mk II]], [[F8F-1B]], [[La-9]], and others. Therefore, it is recommended to climb at the beginning of a match to at least 4-6 km as the Banshee performs extremely well at these altitudes. However, keep in mind that evasion of superior planes such as the F8F-1B or the [[MiG-15]] is key. Once optimal altitude is reached, Boom & Zoom can be employed. The F2H has sluggish controls at speeds below 482 km/h (300 mph) so try to maintain above that speed in level flight. But when facing super-props, low-speed stability coupled with an airbrake makes the Banshee an extremely good prop-killer.

If you are unlucky, you will face the [[F-86A-5|F-86A]] and [[MiG-15]] in some battles, be sure to avoid them at all costs as they climb far better than the Banshee and have superior top speed.

Unfortunately, like most other jets, modifications take a long while to grind. Go for anything that increases the Banshee's climb rate. Leave the cannon ammo belts alone because default has the most HE shells (besides Stealth), and research the ''New Cannons'' modification; It will markedly improve the terrible spread of the cannon.

The cockpit of the F2H-2 is fantastic- the bubble canopy provides good visibility to the front and back of the aircraft.

Even with good advantages as a starting jet fighter (if you went with the Naval Line of USA Fighters), it has some disadvantages going up against MiG-15's and MiG-17's. It can certainly outrun La-174's and La-15's with splendid ease, but it will never be able to outrun a MiG once it's on your tail. As for MiG-9's, they can't outrun the Banshee but can probably out-turn it if the MiG-9 pilot is properly trained and experienced.

It's best used as a support fighter in EVERY situation unless you are down-tiered and you are put against Ho-229's and Me-262's. In this case, you can become an aggressive fighter and easily score some kills. Although if you are put up against MiG-17's, MiG-15's and La-15's, best prepare yourself to side-climb and get behind your allies. Get some altitude and be patient to pursue MiG's that are either chasing Hunters or Sabres or an unfortunate bomber.

A good recommendation is that you should never go for [[IL-28|IL-28s]] alone. Other recommendations are that you should never take rockets or bombs unless you're in a squad and you bomb points together. It is NOT recommended either way. Another tip is to try holding your speed and use airbrakes when being tailed by a MiG.

=== Radars ===

The F2H-2 is equipped with an AN/APG-30 rangefinding radar, located in the nose of the aircraft.
It will automatically detect other planes within the scanning area and display the range to the closest target. It is linked with a gyro gunsight and can help with aiming at close range.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | AN/APG-30 - Rangefinding radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
|-
| 2,750 m || 300 m || ±9° || ±9°
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Amazing firepower (especially when spaded)
* Very good energy retention
* Good sustained turn rate
* Landing hook for carriers

'''Cons:'''

* Cannon jams quickly and are very inaccurate when stock
* Large turn radius
* Poor acceleration
* Poor instantaneous turn rate

== History ==

The twin-engine F2H Banshee was a follow up to McDonnell's successful FH-1 Phantom and was designed to become the Navy's next carrier-borne aircraft. The two aircraft appear very similar but the F2H was improved in several ways. Primary upgrades include larger airframe, heavier armament, and better power-plants. Nearly 800 Banshees were built for the Navy and Marine Corps during the early 1950s.

The Banshee saw use in Korea with the Navy and Marines escorting Air Force B-29s on bombing missions but would never encounter an enemy fighter throughout the whole war. As a fighter/bomber, the Banshee saw limited use, but the greatest role the F2H performed in the war was doing reconnaissance over hostile territory. A majority of the F2H's service took place in the Atlantic and Mediterranean oceans but its appeal came from its ability to go unnoticed by enemy forces and would primarily serve recon or escort purposes. The Navy and Marine Corps would retire the Banshee from active service around the early 1960s and would replace it with aircraft such as the F9F Cougar, F3H Demon, and the F4D Skyray. In the 1950s several refurbished Banshees were purchased by the Canadian government where they saw limited service on the HMCS ''Bonaventure'' until the early 1960s when they were finally retired from military service.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=f2h-2 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:FighterImage_Banshee2.jpg|The Banshee in flight with other identical aircraft.
File:FighterImage_Banshee1.jpg|F2H attacking swarm of Me 262s in test flight mode.
</gallery>

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/264956-mcdonnell-f2h-2/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer McDonnell}}
{{USA jet aircraft}}

P-61A-11

2023-10-17T05:31:44Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = premium American fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the regular version
| link = P-61C-1
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=p-61a_1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_p-61a_1.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The P-61A was the first production variant of the P-61 "Black Widow". Production started in 1943 and differed from the YP-61 by being painted in an olive drab color. Some P-61As were built without the turret due to the B-29 bomber program and problems with the turret during high speed dives. A significant portion had the turret fixed pointing forward and would be controlled by the pilot instead of the gunner. Also, the gunner never flew on certain missions since his main job, controlling the turret, wasn't needed and missions were carried out with only the pilot and radio operator. With the A-5 block, the engines were replaced from the R-2800-10s to the more powerful R-2800-65 and increased the top speed and climb rate. The next block, the A-10, featured the all-important water injection system and returned to the black paint scheme. The A-11 was a modification of the A-10 and only added an extra pylon for either fuel or bombs. Only 20 P-61A-10s were modified to A-11 standards.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a twin-engine fighter, also known as a strike fighter in-game. It is excellent in bomber hunting and excels when used with Boom & Zoom tactics. Unlike the more advanced [[P-61C-1]] variant, this initial production aircraft has weaker engines and fewer external suspended weapons. However, it still has the remote-turret which is incredibly useful for bomber hunting or attacking enemy fighters, as well as four chin-mounted 20 mm cannons with 800 rounds. The P-61A-11 also has a decent amount of armour protecting the crew members and gun placements.

The P-61A-11 was introduced in [[Update 1.57 "Battle March"]] as an in-game premium vehicle purchasable with Golden Eagles {{ge}} but was removed from in-game sale during the [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/529689-planned-economy-changes-in-july-2021 July 2021 Economy Update]. It has been made available in the store periodically for "Black Friday" sales in [[wt:en/news/5132-shop-take-advantage-of-special-black-friday-en|2017]], [[wt:en/news/6488-shop-black-friday-sale-en|2019]], [[wt:en/news/6957-shop-black-friday-bundle-en|2020]], [[wt:en/news/7431-shop-black-friday-bundle-en|2021]], and [[wt:en/news/7975-shop-black-friday-bundle-en|2022]].
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

While being a large aircraft, it is unable to effectively turn to fight and when doing so, rapidly bleeds any energy and advantages it may have.
The two engines are Pratt & Whitney R-2800-65s. It will only be able to take off with a speed of around 169 mph (271 km/h) and requires a very long airstrip since it is a very heavy plane.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 7,315 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 561 || 549 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.0 || 32.0 || 9.3 || 9.1 || rowspan="2" | 457
|-
! Upgraded
| 602 || 582 || 29.1 || 30.0 || 13.3 || 11.2
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 642  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 340 || 337 || 280 || ~7 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 530 || < 420 || < 450 || > 340
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

It also offers very weak crew protection from head-on attacks.

* 12.7 mm Steel - Nose armour plating (behind radar unit)
* 60 mm Bulletproof glass - Pilot and gunner armoured windscreens
* 12.7 mm Steel - Gunner front armour (folds out of the way when not in use)
* 12.7 mm Steel - Lower gun plate
* 9.5 mm Steel - Gun turret ammo protection plates
* 12.7 mm Steel - Turret protection plate

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

[[File:P-61_upperturret_cone_of_fire.jpg|250px|thumb|right|The cones of fire for the upper machine gun turret on the {{PAGENAME}}.]]
{{main|AN/M2 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 20 mm AN/M2 cannons, chin-mounted (200 rpg = 800 total)

The 20 mm AN/M2 cannons placed under the belly are able to make quick work of any plane which stands in your way.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|AN-M65A1 (1,000 lb)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (1,000 lb total)
* 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 4 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, dorsal turret (560 rpg = 2,240 total)

The 4 x Browning machine guns are set in a remotely controlled dorsal turret controlled by a gyroscopic fire control computer which was operated by either the gunner or radar operator for both offensive and defensive situations. Turret defensive angles are limited to the upper plane of the aircraft as it can not aim any lower than the elevators. If an enemy plane is in the machine gun dead zone, you will need to change the position of the plane so the guns can acquire a firing solution, this can be accomplished by transitioning into a steep climb or dive. The P-61A-11 does not have defensive armament that provides essential protection from the low rear or belly attacks.

== Usage in battles ==

The below tactics can be used in all games modes:

'''How to offensively Engage an enemy aircraft:''' Climb to high altitude and keep on a straight heading once you have seen the enemy. Overshoot the enemy plane, then perform a 180-degree turn. Make sure you stay on his tail and gradually descend. It is recommended to do something similar to a shallow descent, where you can keep speed and height to your advantage in case the enemy aircraft changes course and altitude. Do not perform a dive which requires you to dive straight down since you will rip the wings off and crash. Once you are within firing range, fire a short salvo from your cannons. A couple of bursts from the Black Widow are sufficient to easily rip an enemy plane to shreds.

'''How to perform defensive fighting:''' When you are being engaged by an enemy fighter, make sure you keep descending. Do not allow enemy aircraft to get lower than your elevator on the tail boom. You have no defensive armament to cover the belly or full-rear of the plane; these are your weakest defended parts.

*Tactic one: Descend slowly. Put the plane in a steep dive that does not exceed your structural limit of 399 mph (642 km/h). However, it must be steep enough to provide the turret gunner full visibility of the enemy plane. The four [[Browning M2 (12.7 mm)|Browning]] machine guns will take care of the enemy plane.
*Tactic Two: Put the plane in a steep climb and make sure you set the throttle to at least 70%. Jump into the gunner turret and operate it. This will be the most accurate and fastest way of shooting down the hostile plane. When you operate the turret, make sure you try and perform defensive manoeuvres when operating it i.e. sharp turns, rapidly decreasing in height as well as gaining height and changing the speed of the plane in an irrational way. This will give you a higher chance of survival against the enemy.

====Specific enemies worth noting====


*'''Japanese Aircraft'''

The most dangerous opponents for the P-61A are going to be the Japanese aircraft, due to their incredible manoeuvrability, and their fast climb-rate, which will leave you at a disadvantage in altitude. However, the most notable threat from the Japanese arsenal is probably going to be the J2M Raiden, due to its fast speed and fairly durable armour for a Japanese plane. In addition, any of the later model A6M3 Reisen (Zero) models will give you problems, as they will out-turn you in seconds.

*'''German Aircraft'''

The Germans have the most planes with more dangerous cannons, thanks to their Minengeschoß rounds, which punch through and explode inside an airframe, thus causing maximum damage to control surfaces. At your battle rating, you have the possibility of facing the Bf 109 G-6, which has a fast speed and nose-mounted weaponry that are large enough in calibre to shred your airframe. Perhaps the biggest threat to your plane is the Focke-Wulf Fw 190 A-4, which boasts four 20 mm cannons, which will reduce your plane to a burning wreck. While it is unlikely to see many at high altitude, the Messerschmitt Me 410 A-1 is also a viable threat.

*'''Soviet Aircraft'''

Repeat after the following bold statement: do not head-on an IL-2 of any variant. As sluggish as they seem, the IL-2 will rip your aircraft to shreds due to the fast firing combination of machine gun and auto-cannon fire. The most common adversary that will be faced is any aircraft bearing the prefix "Yak"- most dangerous among them is the Yak-9K, which has a 45 mm cannon that can utterly obliterate your plane, and the Yak-9T, which has a 37 mm cannon that will do the same damage to your aircraft. The La-5FN is probably the biggest threat you will face due to its fast speed, ridiculously strong cockpit armour, climb rate, manoeuvrability and firepower. This is mainly given if a La-5FN pilot is using "Ground Target" ammunition, every third round fired is an Armor-Piercing Fragmentation Incendiary round, and every other round is either a Fragmentation-Incendiary Tracer or an Armor-Piercing Incendiary round. In short, the La-5FN has the biggest threat due to all the API rounds in the ammunition.

*'''British Aircraft'''

The British are among the most manoeuvrable adversary you will face, so with that in mind, do not try and turn-fight any British plane. Also, most British planes have an astonishing climb-rate, which will leave you at an altitude disadvantage. The most common adversary you will face is the Spitfire Mk. IIb, which can turn circles around you and it has two wing-mounted Hispano cannons, which can tear into the P-61's airframe. They may not be too common, but a Boomerang Mk. I or a Boomerang Mk. II will also give you a hard time, given their tighter grouping of shells, and the fact they have the Hispano Mk. II cannons, whose "Air Target" ammunition is practically "Stealth" ammunition. The Beaufighter Mk. VIc, will be the most dangerous threat, given the four Hispano cannons in the belly, which will tear apart the P-61. A Spitfire Mk. V will also give you a run for your money, due to the Hispano Mk. II cannons it wields.

*'''Italian Aircraft'''

The most plausible threat from the Italians will be the C.202EC (Experimental Cannon), which has the manoeuvrability, speed and especially firepower due to the plane boasting German 20 mm cannons which utilise the minengeschoß shells.

*'''American Aircraft'''

In addition, another major threat is the American P-47D Thunderbolt, which has the speed and firepower to out-class the P-61A in any fashion.

===Radars===
{{main|AI Mk. X}}
[[File:P-61_-_Nose_Radar.jpg|250px|thumb|right|A front view of a {{PAGENAME}}'s [[AI Mk. X]] radar.]]
The P-61A-11 is equipped with an [[AI Mk. X]] search radar, located in the nose of the aircraft. The radar utilised a 29 in (74 cm) parabolic dish which it rotated at 360 rpm when set to ranges below 100 miles, however, it is slowed down to 100 rpm when set to the 100 miles setting. The scopes could be set to one of four ranges, 1, 10, 20 or 100 miles (1.6, 16, 32 or 160 km). The parabolic dish could be adjusted to different altitude settings which included 0° to 0°, -5° to +5°, +5° to +20°, and +20° to +50°. One of the benefits to the multiple choices in range and altitude settings of the radar was that it provided partial immunity to chaff and other radar interference or countermeasures conducted by the enemy.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | [[AI Mk. X]] - Target Detection Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Detection Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Guaranteed Detection Range|The range, below which, detection of a target is practically guaranteed}}
! {{Annotation|Max Azimuth Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Max Elevation Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
|-
| 14,000 m || 8,500 m || ±75° || -20°/+40°
|-
|}
[[File:P-61_cockpit_pilots_radar_indicator.png|250px|thumb|right|A view of a {{PAGENAME}} pilot's instrument panel with a BC-1152-A pilots indicator portion of the [[AI Mk. X]] radar. (The BC-1152-A is the square box with the rectangular window just above the control yoke)]]

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Controllable 3 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* The offensive armament is mounted under the belly of the plane, this provides excellent accuracy
* Powerful offensive armament of 4 x [[AN/M2 (20 mm)|AN/M2]] cannons with a total amount of 800 rounds
* Powerful defensive armament of 4 x [[Browning M2 (12.7 mm)|Browning MGs]] in a turret with 2,240 rounds that can be used offensively
* Very stable climb rate
* Engines are able to cool down very fast
* Excellent bomber hunter
* Very strong and rugged airframe; is able to fly with wing tips missing
* Can keep a lot of momentum from a gradual dive
* Can do very sharp manoeuvres at high and low speeds due to the flaps
* Engine can stay very cool at high throttle settings (65-75%)
* Has access to a target detection radar, with much better range than German radars found around this battle rating

'''Cons:'''

* Slow acceleration and requires a long airstrip to take off due to weight
* Slow roll rates
* No airbrakes installed
* Not recommended to dive sharply, easy to get structural damage and rip apart at 642 kn/h (399 mph)
* Unable to put fires out in a dive, due to speed will reach in excess of structural limitations which will rip the wings off
* Unable to sustain a direct head-on attack against a well-armed, small-profile enemy plane
* Only one defensive dorsal turret installed, cannot cover the rear of the plane effectively
* No defence against low-rear and belly attacks
* Large body airframe, makes dogfighting almost impossible
* Can not carry additional armament
* Flaps snap off easily
* Compared to the [[P-61C-1|main tech tree variant]], worse in every way in terms of manoeuvrability, speed and climb rate
* Smaller payload than the [[P-61C-1]]

== History ==

In 1940, the British Purchasing Commission wanted a high-altitude, high-speed interceptor to shoot down Luftwaffe bombers when they raided British cities. This called for a high-endurance heavy fighter with Aerial Interception (AI) radars and specified gun armament mounted in a 360 degrees gun turret. The requirements were sent to many aircraft manufacturers, one of them being Jack Northrop. The USAAC accepted his proposal, resulting in one of the most deadly and large fighters in World War Two. The prototype YP-61, had a long fuselage gondola in between two engine nacelles. The tail was a new radical twin-boom design. Full span flaps were fitted on the wings and it had two Pratt & Whitney R-2800-10 Double Wasp 18-cylinder radials, producing 2,000 horsepower each. The plane was mounted on a tricycle landing gear and had a three-man crew: a radar operator, gunner, and pilot. Armament includes four Browning 12.7 mm heavy machine guns mounted in a four-gun powered turret. The original design also had a ventral turret, but that was replaced by Hispano Mk.II cannons. Some versions also had air brakes so the pilot would not overshoot the target.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=p-61a_1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:P-61 frontview.jpg|Front view of the deadly P-61 twin-engine fighter.
File:P-61 cockpit.jpg|Detailed view of the two-seat cockpit of the P-61.
File:P-61 radiooperator.jpg|A close-up view of the radio operator position on the P-61.
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|rpp-GqXiaKg|'''The Shooting Range #214''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:41 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|B_KJXo2w0IQ|'''P-61 Black Widow: America's Night-Interceptor''' - ''jimi daen''}}

== See also ==


* [[P-61C-1]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/303448-northrop-p-61a-1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [https://ia801208.us.archive.org/33/items/PilotTrainingManualForTheBlackWidowP61/PilotTrainingManualForTheBlackWidowP-61.pdf Pilot Training Manual for the P-61 Black Widow - By Headquarters AAF - Office of Flying Safety, 1944]
* [https://ww2aircraft.net/forum/threads/p-61-pilots-manual.6789/ Northrop P-61 Black Widow Pilot's Flight Operations Instructions - USAAF, July 1945]

{{AirManufacturer Northrop}}
{{USA twin-engine fighters}}
{{USA premium aircraft}}

CL-13 Mk.4

2023-10-16T04:52:08Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = Italian jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = F-86 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=f-86_cl_13_mk4_italy
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_f-86_cl_13_mk4_italy.jpg
}}

== Description ==

In 1949, Canada wanted a new fighter to supplement its growing air force. The F-86 Sabre was a good option, but the Canadian government didn't want to have another American aircraft in service. As a compromise, Canada received a license to build their own Sabres and thus birthed the Canadair Sabre. The Mk.4 was originally intended to have Canada's own engine in place of the J47-GE-13; the Avro Canada Orenda 10. It would've been a substantial improvement over the J47 but it wasn't ready by the time the Mk.4 was introduced and as such, the J47 was kept in. Other than minor changes like the compass, it was largely the same as the Canadair Sabre Mk.2. Italy would end up receiving over 170 Mk.4 Sabres from the Royal Air Force and continued to use them until the F-104 Starfighter began service with the Italian Air force.

Introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]], the '''{{Specs|name}}''' is quite similar to the [[F-86A-5]]. It has roughly the same acceleration and has identical armament. However, it does have an all-flying tail which does help with manoeuvrability. The J47-GE-13 engine does not allow it to climb or accelerate as quickly as most of its opponents and the machine gun armament can be lacking against jet aircraft. Players should expect many critical hits when using the guns. Overall, the '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a decent aircraft although it has some deficiencies like the lack of significant engine power and subpar [[M3 Browning (12.7 mm)|M3 Browning machine guns]].
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The CL-13 Mk.4 will feel immediately familiar to anyone who has flown the F-86A-5. The engine feels lacking; it does produce more thrust than the contemporary [[MiG-15]]'s RD-45 engine, but considering that the Sabre weighs much more, the results are not pretty. And the [[MiG-15bis]] leaves the poor Sabre in the dust. Engine performance aside, the airframe has some perks. It has leading edge slats that allow it to turn quickly at low speeds, the sleek aerodynamics contribute to good top speed and horizontal energy retention, and the roll rate is fantastic. Hard turning should be done with caution however, as it tends to bleed energy, and at high speeds it's easy to break the wings.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,081 || 1,071 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.4 || 25.9 || 30.7 || 28.8 || rowspan="2" | 700
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,105 || 1,093 || 22.7 || 24.0 || 46.2 || 38.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,118  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 590 || 550 || 350 || ~11 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 850 || < 600 || < 620 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | General Electric J47-GE-13 || 1
| colspan="2" | 5,042 kg || colspan="3" | 236 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 9m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 31m fuel
|-
| 1,145 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 5,427 kg || 5,846 kg || 6,248 kg || 6,326 kg || 9,530 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 9m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 31m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 2,273 kgf || N/A
| 0.42 || 0.39 || 0.36 || 0.36 || 0.24
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 2,273 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.42 || 0.39 || 0.36 || 0.36 || 0.24
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 6.35 mm steel - in front of pilot
* 38 mm bulletproof glass
* 20 mm steel - pilot's headrest
* 12.7 mm steel - pilot's seat

The plane isn't the best at survivability due to having very little armour around the cockpit, but it does have strong spots as well, such as the 38 mm bullet-proof glass which can save you from some head-ons.

[[File:CL-13 Mk.4 Italy.jpg|thumb|The CL-13 Mk.4's armour and bullet-proof glass]]

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M3 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 6 x 12.7 mm M3 Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (300 rpg = 1,800 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|M117 cone 45 (750 lb)|AN-M65A1 Fin M129 (1,000 lb)|HVAR}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 16 x HVAR rockets
* 2 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (1,500 lb total)
* 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 Fin M129 bombs (2,000 lb total)

== Usage in battles ==


The CL-13 Mk.4 is held back by its poor engine performance and is not as good at energy fighting as the MiG-15, for example, but going all-in on close quarters turnfighting may not end well either. It is rather contradictory; it turns well but bleeds energy while doing so, and it accelerates poorly but holds onto speed quite well outside of wild manoeuvring or hard vertical manoeuvres.

Playing as a support fighter can mean many things, but for the most part it involves waiting for teammates to start engagements and jumping in later to pick off distracted enemies. This is not the most glamorous of playstyles, but charging into battle will usually result in being sent back to the hangar very quickly. At the start of the match, try to pick up some speed at low altitude to help the Sabre accelerate as best as it can, preferably somewhat off to the side. Once sufficient speed is attained (perhaps at around 800 km/h), zoom climb up to medium altitude, level out, and start flying towards the center of the map. At this point, first contact should have been made with the enemy team and there will likely be a sizeable furball. Begin performing gentle boom-and-zoom attacks against low-energy opponents if there are not too many opponents looming above you. If an enemy gets on your six, use the excellent roll rate to dodge fire as best as possible and head towards teammates for assistance. Once your energy has been expended, try to extend away and regain altitude.

Turnfighting can often work since this Sabre is very nimble, but don't keep it up for long unless you are certain that it will secure a kill. Dumping all of your energy will make you a very easy target for enemy guns and missiles and regaining energy is difficult. Think twice before chasing enemies into vertical manoeuvres; the poor thrust-to-weight is unhelpful and the Mk.4 lacks missiles to shove up a stall-climbing target's tailpipe.

Overall, flying the Mk.4 is a tricky affair. It has some parity with other early swept wing jets and it can outmanoeuvre most of its opponents, but said opponents can include jets with afterburners and missiles. There is really not much that the Mk.4 can do against supersonic jets like the [[F-100A (China)|F-100A]] unless they are very low on energy or are foolish enough to engage in a turnfight. The Mach 2 capable [[Lightning F.6|English Electric Lightning]] in particular has nearly 5 times the climb rate and is practically untouchable. Leave these targets for your teammates, who are hopefully better equipped than you, and find other enemies to engage.

=== Radars ===

The CL-13 Mk.4 is equipped with an AN/APG-30 rangefinding radar, located in the nose of the aircraft.
It will automatically detect other planes within the scanning area and display the range to the closest target. It is linked with a gyro gunsight and can help with aiming at close range.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | AN/APG-30 - Rangefinding radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
|-
| 2,750 m || 300 m || ±9° || ±9°
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent speed for its rank
* Magnificent roll rate
* Can carry ground attack ordnance, better bombload than the [[G.91 pre-serie]] and [[G.91 R/1]]
* Out turns most enemies due to being slower

'''Cons:'''

* General Electric J47-GE-13 engine shared by the [[F-86A-5|A-5]] is the weakest of any Sabre, substandard climb and acceleration
* Weak armament - ineffective for the BR and small windows for opportunity
* Due to the wide air frame, the guns are hard to use at their optimal range (sub 500m)
* Prone to exceeding its wing overload limit

== History ==


The Canadair CL-13 Sabre was a license-produced version of the famous American [[F-86 (Family)|F-86 Sabre]] jet fighter. Its introduction in 1950 gave the Royal Canadian Air Force a modern jet fighter a year after Canada joined NATO. While initial marks of the CL-13 were very similar to existing US models, later versions featured new engines and airframe modifications that improved performance. The final [[CL-13B Mk.6|Mark 6]] was considered to be the ultimate Sabre by many. Much like their US counterparts, CL-13s were widely exported and saw extensive use with Pakistan, Germany, Greece, and other countries. Total production amounted to 1,815 aircraft.

The '''CL-13 Mk.4''' variant was intended to use the domestic Orenda engine manufactured by Avro Canada, boasting increased thrust over the initial American J47-GE-13 engine used by previous models. An early version of the Orenda had been successfully tested on the one-off Mk. 3 prototype, known for setting a women's speed record in 1952. Still, developmental delays in the Orenda led to the Mk.4 reverting to the J47. The end result was a very similar aircraft to the CL-13 Mk. 2, itself a virtual carbon copy of the F-86E. Like the F-86E, the Mk.4 had an "all-flying" tail, modified windshield, and an improved flight control system over the [[F-86A-5|F-86A]] series. The improvements over the Mk. 2 were limited to cockpit equipment and systems, including the air conditioning and canopy release. It first flew in August 1952.

438 Mk.4s were produced. The majority of these did not serve with the Royal Canadian Air Force; their greatest initial user was in fact the Royal Air Force. At the time that the CL-13 entered mass production, the RAF still relied on early straight-wing jet aircraft, lagging behind the swept-wing Sabre in terms of performance. The [[Hunter (Family) |Hawker Hunter]] and [[Swift F.1|Supermarine Swift]] had not entered service yet. The RAF placed substantial orders for CL-13s as a stopgap, including 428 Mk.4s. Some saw brief service in Canadian hands before being delivered to the RAF, and others were sent directly out of the factory. The Sabres equipped 11 units stationed in both Britain and Germany. Their service was brief and uneventful, and the Hawker Hunter quickly began to replace them after it became operational in 1954. The retired Sabres were still young in terms of airframe life and ended up being sent to other countries. Amusingly, the United States, the original inventor and user of the Sabre, was also given a batch of CL-13s. They were designated F-86E(M) to differentiate them from US-produced Sabres.

Italy received 179 (180 in some sources) ex-RAF Mk.4s in 1957. As in the US, they were also designated F-86E(M). Used primarily for air defense, the Mk.4 was tested with the domestic SISPRE C-7 infrared homing air-to-air missile, the first such missile designed by Italy. The Frecce Tricolore aerobatic team was equipped with these Sabres upon their formation in 1961. In 1963, a handful of Sabres were deployed to the Belgian Congo as part of UN peacekeeping, flown by Philippine pilots. The Sabres were replaced in military service by the [[F-104 (Family)|F-104 Starfighter]] starting in 1963 and in aerobatic roles by the [[G.91 (Family)|Fiat G.91]] in 1964. All were phased out by 1965. While the CL-13 did not have an exciting career with the Aeronautica Militare Italiana, it provided a fairly modern aircraft capable of competing with subsonic Eastern Bloc jets until more advanced or domestic aircraft were ready, not unlike its role with the RAF. One Italian CL-13 is preserved today in the Italian Air Force Museum at Vigne de Valle.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=f-86_cl_13_mk4_italy Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development

* Canadair [[F-86 (Family)|Sabres]]
** [[CL-13A Mk 5]]
** [[CL-13B Mk.6]]

;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* Grumman [[F9F-8|F9F]] Cougar
* Lavochkin [[La-15]]
* Mikoyan-Gurevich [[MiG-15]]
* Mikoyan-Gurevich [[MiG-17]]
* Hawker [[Hunter F.1|Hunter]]
* Dassault [[Super Mystere B2|Super Mystère]]
* Saab [[J29D|J29]] Tunnan

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Canadair}}
{{Italy jet aircraft}}

Fw 190 A-8

2023-10-16T04:15:02Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = German fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Fw 190 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=fw-190a-8
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The Focke-Wulf 190 A-8 is one of the later variants of the "Anton". By 1944, the Allied bombing campaign was at an all-time high, and German aircraft were constantly receiving new changes intended for high-altitude performance. The 190 A-8 was a fairly significant improvement over the previous A-7. Additions included a 115-liter tank for increased range, more armament, and the all-important GM-1 boost. GM-1 was quite important for high-altitude fighters where the air is much thinner than at sea level. It utilized nitrous oxide, which was compressed into a liquid and stored in a tank behind the pilot. At high altitude, nitrous oxide would be injected via the intake and was able to increase power for about 10 minutes before the tank was empty. GM-1 boost is different from MW 50: MW 50 systems inject a mix of water and methanol to cool the supercharger and air coming into the combustion chamber. Over 6,600 A-8 variants were produced at various factories, and many saw use against bomber formations.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27. The A-8 can easily be considered the ultimate Anton variant due to its numerous improvements and excellent armament. Firstly, the 7.92 mm machine guns of earlier Anton variants were replaced with 13 mm [[MG 131 (13 mm)|MG 131]] machine guns. It was first utilized in the 190 A-7 variant and subsequently carried over to the 190 A-8. As for cannons, the A-8 comes armed with an impressive four wing-mounted [[MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 151]]s and an equally impressive amount of ammunition. With 780 cannon rounds in total, players can be more than generous when trying to take down enemy aircraft.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 622 || 602 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 24.1 || 25.0 || 9.7 || 9.7 || rowspan="2" | 450
|-
! Upgraded
| 687 || 652 || 21.4 || 22.8 || 20.0 || 14.1
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 700 || 310 || ~12 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 420 || < 300 || < 550 || > 320
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 700 m || 1,498 hp || 1,874 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,300 m || 1,301 hp || 1,628 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 6 mm Steel - Fore cowl ring
* 10 mm Steel - Cowl ring
* 6 mm Steel - Under engine armour
* 8 mm Steel - Under cockpit/fuel tank armour plate
* 5 mm Steel - Rear fuel tank armour
* 8 mm Steel - Pilot's seat armour
* 6 mm Steel - Pilot's seat armour
* 12 mm Steel - Headrest armour
* 57 mm Bulletproof glass

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, wing-mounted (140 rpg outer + 250 rpg inner = 780 total)
* 2 x 13 mm MG 131 machine guns, nose-mounted (400 rpg = 800 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|Wfr.Gr.21}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x Wfr.Gr.21 rockets

== Usage in battles ==

The Fw 190 A-8 possesses far below average speed, acceleration, and climb ability for its rank. It does, however, have great high-speed control and a wicked armament that will shred any fighter almost instantly. It is recommended that you climb to the side and let your teammates engage first so you can put your excellent BnZ ability to work. You should climb to either 3,000 m altitude or 5,000 m and wait for friendlies to engage enemy aircraft first. Don't forget to use your flaps in a dive as the A-8 gains a massive amount of speed in a dive, generally resulting in overshooting the target if he is distracted with a dogfight. Don't worry about your flaps breaking as they can survive speeds up to 900 km/h, far faster than you're ever going to go in combat.

If you spot a bandit co-alt, a head-on attack followed by an evasive manoeuvre and then extending away to repeat the process is a recommended tactic. If a bandit has superior energy and is pressing an attack against you, try to drag them to friendlies, but don't sacrifice too much energy to do so. If you are skilled enough, another tactic would be to initiate a scissors manoeuvre; either rolling or flat, and then break away when he goes to yo-yo to control his overshoot. The scissors is a highly effective manoeuvre in the 190 A-8. If you are ballsy enough to press for a gun solution when scissoring an enemy, you could be greatly rewarded. In summary, climb to the side, BnZ like a champ, never get in a sustained turn fight, and use your rate of roll to free yourself when cornered.

The Fw 190 A-8 sits at a high battle rating, close to the [[Spitfire LF Mk IX]] and [[La-7B-20]], both of which are vastly superior planes overall. It frequently faces [[Tempest (Family)|Tempests]], [[Fw 190 A-5]], [[Bf 109 (Family)|Bf 109 G variants]], [[Spitfire (Family)|Griffon Spitfires]] and [[F4U-1C]]'s. Unfortunately, the A-8 is by and large worse than all of these planes, but it still possesses some unique advantages and if piloted correctly is going to give anyone trouble. However, these advantages are quite predictable and easily countered by an attentive opponent.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Amazing roll rate, as to be expected of the Fw 190 line
* Great energy retention
* Gets an interceptor airspawn
* Massive pool of cannon ammunition
* Well armoured frontal profile
* Powerful MG 151/20 with access to Minengeschoß dense belts
* MG FF/M's found on previous Fw 190 variants replaced with MG 151/20
* Radiator rarely overheats
* Flaps are effectively unbreakable and can be used at high speeds

'''Cons:'''

* Poor pitch/turn rate without combat flap angle makes dogfighting very risky, but not impossible
* Elevator response and pitch rate very slow at low-medium speeds
* Outboard wing 20 mm cannon loaded with 140 round belts, while inboard/wing root mounted cannon fed from 250 round belts
* Manoeuvrability at speeds below 350 km/h
* Generally outclassed by other Fw 190 when engaging in turn fights
* Mediocre climb rate for its battle rating and as Fw 190's go
* Slow turn rate, can even be outturned by a B-25

== History ==


{{main|Fw_190_A-5#History|l1=History of the Fw 190 A-5}}

===Development===
After the different improvements from A-1 to A-5, the Fw 190 gained successively in engine power, ordnance and firepower but also in weight. It culminated with the lengthened airframe of the A-5 (to reduce vibrations) and led to the development of the following variants:

* Fw 190 A-6: developed in 1943, it integrated a new wing design to reduce wing loading and two 20 mm MG 151/20 cannons replacing both wing-mounted 20 mm MG/FF cannons together with larger ammunition boxes.
* Fw 190 A-7: introduced in December 1943, it saw the replacement of both nose-mounted 7.7 mm MGs with 13 mm MG131 machine guns.
* Fw 190 A-8: introduced in 1944, the A-8 was the same aircraft as the A-7. The main improvement was the injection boost system "GM1" for the BMW 801 engine. The system injected nitrous oxide into the cylinders to raise the engine's power limit for a period reaching 10 minutes. A 115 L fuel tank was also installed to increase the range and wing-mounted 30 mm cannons were added as optional armament. The {{PAGENAME}} went into production in February 1944 and 6,655 units were produced between 1944 and 1945.

===Combat usage===
The {{PAGENAME}} saw combat extensively: it was used as a fighter during Operation Bodenplatte (Battle of the Bulge) in 1944 and to intercept USAF and RAF night bomber formations in 1944 and 1945 over Germany.

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=fw-190a-8 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|vtCKzvbLfNg|'''The Shooting Range #18''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 03:03 discusses the Fw 190A.}}

== See also ==


* [[Fw 190 A-8 (USA)]], the premium American version.
* [[NC.900]], the gift French version.

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/129411-fw-190-a-8-sncac-nc900/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[wikipedia:Focke-Wulf_Fw_190|[Wikipedia] Focke-Wulf Fw 190]]
* [http://www.airvectors.net/avfw190.html <nowiki>[Air Vectors]</nowiki> The Focke-Wulf Fw 190]

{{AirManufacturer Focke-Wulf}}
{{Germany fighters}}

Bf 109 F-4

2023-10-15T03:20:13Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = German fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Bf 109 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=bf-109f-4
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
|cockpit=cockpit_bf-109f-4.jpg
}}

== Description ==

Dogfights over the English channel showed the Spitfire Mk. V outperforming the Bf 109 E at the time and led to the Bf 109 F series. The Bf 109 F "Franz" series was a significant improvement over the Bf 109 E. It featured the DB 601 E engine, which boasted an over 25% increase in power. The F-4 was also fitted with the [[MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 151/20]] cannon, which was a 20 mm cannon that could fire a variety of shells. It was mounted through the propeller hub, so it didn't need to be synchronized with the prop, which would've most likely lowered the rate of fire. Over 1,800 F-4s were built, ranging from the regular fighter version (F-4) to reconnaissance variants like the F-4/R3. The Bf 109 F-4 also largely solved the issue with the Spitfire Mk. V having a performance edge over 109s.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27. Much like in real life, the F-4 is a substantial improvement over previous 109s. The DB 601 E engine greatly increases the 109 F-4's capability as a fighter and can easily out-climb many American aircraft, like the [[P-47D-25]] and [[P-51D-5]]. However, it is still quite a draggy aircraft, and the previously mentioned fighters can easily keep up with it. Furthermore, the MG 151 cannon has relatively low velocity, which can be difficult for new players to aim and lead well with. Although the DB 601 E provides a substantial power increase, it still has the same overheating issue as earlier [[Bf 109 (Family)|Franz variants]]. Constant WEP usage is not recommended, as it can greatly heat-soak the engine and make it difficult to utilize maximum power after some time. Manual engine control is highly advised.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

In the hands of a good pilot and employing energy fighting tactics this aircraft can outfly and outmanoeuvre most of the prop planes it faces even at higher battle ratings during up-tier situations due to its low energy loss in turns, high acceleration, high sustained climb rate and low stall speed. It is slower than the later model 109s but it has a better turn rate. The Bf 109 can fly very well at the deck and at high altitude making it a complete energy fighter.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 641 || 624 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 20.0 || 20.7 || 16.4 || 16.4 || rowspan="2" | 363
|-
! Upgraded
| 691 || 665 || 18.1 || 19.0 || 24.5 || 20.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 437 || 408 || 260 || ~13 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 450 || < 390 || < 450 || > 715
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 4,950 m || 1,185 hp || 1,333 hp
|-
|}

====Engine performance====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Engine
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine Name
! colspan="3" | Number present
|-
| colspan="3" | Daimler-Benz DB-601E 12-cylinder || colspan="1" | 1
|-
! colspan="4" | Engine characteristics
|-
! colspan="2" | Weight (each)
! colspan="1" | Type
! colspan="1" | Cooling
|-
| colspan="2" | 610 kg || Inline || Water
|-
! colspan="4" | Engine power (Stock)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
! colspan="2" | Max
! colspan="2" | Take-off
|-
| ''Arcade'' || colspan="2" | 1,065 hp || colspan="2" | 1,212 hp
|-
| ''Realistic/Simulator'' || colspan="2" | 1,053 hp || colspan="2" | 1,200 hp
|-
! colspan="4" | Engine power (Upgraded)
|-
! Mode
! colspan="2" | Max
! colspan="2" | Take-off
|-
| ''Arcade'' || colspan="2" | 1,305 hp || colspan="2" | 1,452 hp
|-
| ''Realistic/Simulator'' || colspan="2" | 1,170 hp || colspan="2" | 1,318 hp
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | WEP Duration
|-
! colspan="2" | Arcade
! colspan="2" | Realistic/Simulator
|-
| colspan="2" | 25 seconds || colspan="2" | Infinite
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The Bf 109 F-4, although a small plane, is a sturdy plane that can survive a lot of damage and retain much of its manoeuvrability when damaged. Its self-sealing fuel tanks increase the chance to put out a fire.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 17 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 20 mm MG 151 cannon, nose-mounted (200 rpg)
* 2 x 7.92 mm MG 17 machine guns, nose-mounted (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC50JA (50 kg)|SC250JA (250 kg)|MG 151 (15 mm)|Flam C 250 incendiary}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (200 kg total)
* 1 x 250 kg SC250JA bomb (250 kg total)
* 2 x 15 mm MG 151 cannons, wing-mounted (gunpods) (125 rpg = 250 total)
* 1 x Flam C 250 incendiary bomb

== Usage in battles ==

[[File:Cockpits_Bf109F-4.jpg|thumbnail|right|The Bf 109 F-4's instrument panel.]]

'''Arcade Battles:'''

The Bf 109 F-4 performs at its best when used as an energy fighter. Its flight performance is impressive up to 6,000 m then decreases, so at the beginning of the match, you can outclimb most of the other planes at its rank and then energy fight them in the vertical Boom & Zooming from above. Its low stall speed and ability to prop hang even at less than 100 km/h at more than 40 degrees for many seconds makes it an ideal aircraft for spiral turns and snapshots. Bf 109's good turn rate and roll rate allows it to turn fight not only US planes but also Lavochkins and Spitfires which lose their energy at their first turn. If you engage in a dogfight with a superior turn fighter you can still out turn him by creating some separation and using frontal barrel rolls until the other plane turn by turn loses enough energy and finally its turning ability. It is not recommended to turn-fight Japanese planes or Yak fighters; if engaged on a turn-fight go to the vertical and use the spiral climb stall technique. The high acceleration, turn rate, climb rate, excellent stall characteristics, at all altitudes makes it a wonder to fly. All this gets significantly reduced when gondolas are added on. The 20 mm MG 151 cannon when used with Air targets belt that have a significant amount of Minengeschoß filled shells and is devastating which can be used for a precise fake out head-on or precise long-distance shots allowing you to start shooting as far out as 2 km.

'''Arcade with joystick:''' Although the plane still has a yaw wobble, it is low and can be mitigated with Realistic controls. You can set yaw non-linearity to 3.8 adding some dead zone and decreasing multiplier to stiffen and reducing the wobble. The pitch and roll work well and give good controllability.

'''Realistic Battles:'''

A very good energy fighter for its rank, the Bf 109 F-4 can out climb most opponents due to its high power to weight ratio. However, use of WEP must be limited or else the engine will overheat, although [[Guide to manual engine controls|manual engine control]] can remedy this. Despite that, it can Boom & Zoom and Rope-a-Dope well, although one must watch out for severe control stiffening around 650 km/h.

Unfortunately, the F-4's 15 mm additional gondolas do not increase the damage output much at all, while reducing flight performance. However, it is recommended you at least use it once to see how effective it is because depending on how you play it can really boost your kill abilities. For example, if you prefer to get into a dogfight, the additional weaponry will not be noticeably effective. However, if you fight in the vertical, where level speed and agility are not necessarily most important, the additional MG 151's can mean the difference between a kill or nothing at all.

The Bf 109 F-4 is not a great plane when compared to the other Rank 3 planes, but it is effective nonetheless. Do not try to kill a plane by coming behind it and giving them all you got- you don't have much. Instead, try to scare your prey into a turn by peppering it with your 7.92 mm MG 17s, and then blow its wing off with the cannon.

Word to the wise: the F-4 is a fairly good turner for its class; if you are chased by a [[F4U (Family)|F4U]], [[P-51 (Family)|P-51]], [[P-47D-25|P-47D]], [[F6F (Family)|F6F]] or [[Typhoon (Family)|Typhoon]], turn and destroy. The flaps give the F-4 an exceptionally tight turning radius. Combat flaps can be deployed at speeds up to 437 km/h, while takeoff and landing flaps up to 408 and 260 respectively. With flaps deployed, the Bf 109 F-4 has tighter turn radius than almost any fighter it can face bar Spitfires and Zeroes (it can even keep up with a Yak-3 provided the fight is a contest of radius and not rate), and thus excels at scissoring fights. Be advised though, the flaps react extremely slowly to commands and if you accelerate rapidly, you may lose them; and the manoeuvrability of the Bf 109 F-4 without flaps is unimpressive. However, to survive a tangle with a [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfire]] is an ordeal. The best strategy would be to scissor until the Spitfire either runs out of ammo or overshoots you and then try to dive and outrun it. Then, repeat. Do not try to out-climb the Spitfire, but try to outrun it in a dive. The [[Spitfire Mk Vc]] is superior to the F-4, so avoid them.

It is important to note the distinction between a rate fight and a radius fight. The flaps of the Bf 109 F-4 produce a significant amount of drag, reducing the sustained rate of turn while tightening the turn radius.

'''Simulator Battles:'''

In Simulator, the Bf 109 F-4 is quite a friendly fighter that can perform many tasks. It offers great flight performance with its smooth handling, adequate speed, and impressive climb rate and turn rate. Its nose-mounted armaments do not require any convergence settings, making it very easy to aim. The nose gently slopes down from the windscreen, offering great over-the-nose vision. There are also a few bomb options to choose from which are beneficial for ground-pounding or base-bombing, although these are not its primary objectives. However, the Friedrich does have rather limited cockpit view obstructed by its numerous canopy frames. Rear view is significantly worse as a solid armour plate headset is added, preventing the pilot from seeing what is behind which can sometimes be fatal. It also behaves poorly during takeoffs due to its torquey engine.

Bring at least 30 minutes of fuel for prolonged patrolling and fighting. The convergence does not really matter, it might be anywhere between 250-600 m. Depending on the task you wish to complete (eg destroy enemy attackers), gunpods can be helpful, if available. Although they slightly worsen the flight performance, that extra burst mass can be the difference between a "Hit" and "Aircraft destroyed". Finally, you can set keys for vertical head movement, as lifting up your head a little helps improving the over-the-nose visibility.

Taking off in a Bf 109 F is considerably harder than a lot other aircraft. When taking off, the Bf 109 will shift severely to the left side due to the huge torque, so consider setting keybinds for left and right brakes, as they are more effective at directional control than the rudder while on the ground. As the plane is just lifting off the ground it will start rolling to the left due to the torque, so you must immediately roll a little right to keep it level, or the left wingtip will strike the ground.

Dogfighting in SB involves everyday RB tactics. Utilise common manoeuvres such as Immelmann, Split-S, scissor, barrel roll, etc. The 200-round magazine of the Bf 109 F-4 does allow you to fire slightly longer bursts at slightly longer distances, but getting close until the target fills up the reticle is still a good choice. Note: the Bf 109 handles very sluggishly in the roll axis at low speed, so take this into account if dogfighting at low speed/altitude. You can even pull the elevator fully for maximum agility, but only if you pull gently and gradually will the 109 manoeuvre as you wish. If maximum elevator input is harsh and sudden, the plane will start swaying around and enter a flat spin. The aircraft can quite easily recover from a flat spin by fully deflecting elevators downward and rudder to the opposite side of which the plane is spinning, and wait until it starts a dive and gather some speed to pull up.

If you want to engage heavy aircraft, it is best to bring the 15 mm gun pods to maximise your damage output. However relying solely on the one MG151 cannon might also work, but that requires more professional evading, aiming, and a few more shots. Against well-armed targets (e.g. B-25) you should perform deflection shots to minimise the time you are exposed to their gunners, whereas against well-armoured aircraft with average/no defensive firepower (e.g. early IL-2), tailing them may get the job done quicker. With the powerful mineshells, 1-3 passes are enough to destroy any aircraft.

Landing may need practice for some. It is easy at first: decelerate and descent towards the runway, deploy combat, takeoff, landing flaps and gears in order, fly at ~200 km/h before touchdown. If the plane bounces up with landing flaps, use takeoff/combat flaps instead to reduce lift. Note that you must align the plane with the airstrip correctly prior to touchdown and do not yaw/break one side too much when breaking, as the main landing gears are so close together that they cannot support such sideways force, causing the plane to wobble dangerously or even tilt towards one side, striking a wingtip into the ground.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Nimble, compared to Soviet and American counterparts
* Its 20 mm is lethal if the shells hit
* Relatively good climb rate, possibly as good as a Spitfire or a maxed-out P-39 Airacobra
* Good sustained turn
* Faster than most opponents, such as the Spitfire Mk V, Yak-3, and La-5, especially at altitude
* Good performance at medium altitudes
* Better than the F-4 tropical variant due to engine power
* The 15 mm cannons have quite high penetration with the armoured targets belt. They are very effective against soft targets
* All weaponry mounted in the nose, allowing easy aiming without having to worry about convergence
* Flaps tighten turn radius significantly, can win duels against most planes that aren't turnfighters

'''Cons:'''

* Overheats quickly
* Additional armament can critically reduce performance, especially in a dogfight
* Poor cockpit visibility
* Prone to catching fire when chasing a bomber
* Gun pods can't load stealth belts, thus giving the user away in a surprise attack
* Turns sluggishly at speeds under 190 km/h
* Priority target when in AB mode due to its reputation of destroying planes with relative ease, especially when equipped with MG 151/15 gun pods in addition to the offensive armament of MG 17 machine gun and MG 151/20 cannon, smart players will try to eliminate the Bf 109 F-4 first.
* Gun pods have low ammo count, compared to the 20 mm MG 151 gun pods accessible to the G-2 variant
* For Sim, the numerous canopy frames and razorback greatly limit the all-round view, and huge engine torque causes severe turning when taking off
* Flaps react slowly, require practice to use

== History ==


In real life the flight characteristics of this plane were remarkable, the F model is considered the pinnacle of Bf 109 development, having the nicest flying characteristics of all versions. It has empty weight of 2,390 kg, and a gross weight of 2,900 kg. Powered by a 1,350 hp the Daimler-Benz DB 601E inverted-vee engine the BF 109 F4 had a power to weight ratio of a giving of 0,46. It reaches a maximum speed of 624 km/h (388 mph) and an impressive rate of climb of 3,000 m (9,845 ft)/2.6 min. It also had a high ceiling of 12,000 m (39,375 ft), but a low range of combat of 850 km (530 mi) with a drop tank limiting its usefulness as a local high altitude interceptor. In real life this plane although impressive had its limitations, it could do well vs any allied fighter below 6,000 m and above 3,000 m. It could out turn a P-51D and out-climb it but it could not out zoom climb, outrun or out dive a P-51D or a P-47D at high altitude. We have to remember that the Franz (F version of 109) appeared because the Spitfire MK.V was performing better than the Emil version the BF 109 E in the cross Channel duels after the Battle of Britain. The F version regained the edge over the Spitfire MK V at high altitudes. The 109 faced in the first year of the Soviet invasion a massive score as they faced outdated soviet aeroplanes like the I-16s but also performed well against the Lagg-3s and Yaks-1. The F model improved in power and speed on the G1 Gustav version with a 1,475 hp DB 605A Engine entering combat on July 1942 but it had not improved handling characteristics over the F model.

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
The Messerschmitt Bf 109 was a single-seat monoplane fighter used by the Luftwaffe before and during WWII. It was used as a fighter, interceptor, high-altitude interceptor, fighter-bomber and reconnaissance aircraft.

The Bf 109 F variant, or "Friedrich", was a replacement for the Emil. Friedrich reached front-line units in the Autumn of 1941 and, by the middle of the following year, almost two-thirds of Luftwaffe fighter regiments were equipped with the variant.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=bf-109f-4 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|PJLUJNFD1Nw|'''The Shooting Range #224''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 03:53 discusses allied efforts to capture the {{PAGENAME}}.|7wUT8anIIw0|'''Realistic: {{PAGENAME}} [German Engineering at its Best]"''' - ''Jengar''}}

== See also ==


;[[Bf 109 (Family)|Related development]]
* [[Bf 109 F-4 (USA)]]
* [[Bf 109 F-4/trop]]
* [[Bf 109 F-4 (Italy)]]

;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era
* Macchi [[C. 205 serie 3]]
* Fiat [[G.55 sottoserie 0]]
* Kawasaki [[Ki-61-I tei]]
* Kawasaki [[Ki-100]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/155545-messerschmitt-bf-109-f-4/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer BFW}}
{{Germany fighters}}

Me 410 A-1/U4

2023-10-13T23:48:22Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = German strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Me 410 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=me-410a-1_u4
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_Me_410_A-1_U4.jpg|ArtImage Me 410 A-1-U4.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The Me 410 first originated in the Me 210, which was a double-engined heavy fighter and ground attacker. The 410 was developed as a massive improvement over the Me 210 and solved many of its issues. When the Me 410 entered service, it was first utilized as a high-speed bomber. However, Luftwaffe Bomber Command grew displeased with the 410's performance as a bomber and opted to change its role. At this time, Germany was also in great need of a heavy fighter that could attack Allied bomber formations. This led to the Me 410's purpose changing to attack enemy aircraft. Aircraft that were originally intended to bomb were reconverted to the Zerstörer standard. In 1943, orders came down to equip heavy fighters with large calibre cannons to attack enemy aircraft as well as ground-attack. Out of the three cannons proposed, the KwK 5 cm was repurposed for aircraft use. Around 60 Me 410 A-1/U4s were built, but German command also came to the conclusion that the BK 5 cannon was too much. Later variants would drop the 50 mm cannon and simply added more cannons.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27. The main point of focus on this vehicle is the 50 mm [[BK 5 (50 mm)|BK 5]] cannon in the nose. For its size, it holds a very respectable 22 rounds of ammunition. The specialty ammunition belts consist of one "Armored target" belt loaded with APCBC-HE-T rounds, a second "Armored target" belt loaded with HVAP-T (APCR) rounds, and one "Air target" belt with Minengeschoße HEI-T rounds. However, the default belt contains a one-to-one mix of the AP-T and HEI-T rounds, making it difficult to specialize in a specific role in the battle. It's best suited to equip the BK 5 cannon with the armoured target belt (AP-T) and use the [[MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 151]]s against aircraft.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,600 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 566 || 552 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 32.2 || 33.1 || 7.9 || 7.8 || rowspan="2" | 530
|-
! Upgraded
| 613 || 590 || 29.9 || 31.0 || 14.3 || 10.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 457 || 428 || 280 || ~12 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 360 || < 360 || < 460 || > 265
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,300 m || 3,020 hp || 3,330 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8 mm Steel - Nose armour
* 60 mm Bulletproof Glass
* 12 mm Steel - Headrest
* 8 mm Steel - Cockpit mid plate
* 8 mm Steel - Rear gunner plate
* 9 mm Steel - Rear boom armour plate
* 9 mm Steel - Liquid cooling protective armour
* 5 mm Steel - Wing leading edge armour
* 8 mm Steel - Engine nacelle fore and aft plates

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|BK 5 (50 mm)|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 50 mm BK 5 cannon, chin-mounted (22 rpg)
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, cheek-mounted (350 rpg = 700 total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 13 mm MG 131 machine gun, 2 x beam turrets (500 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

[[File:Cockpit_Me410.jpg|thumbnail|right|The Me 410's instrument panel.]]
The Me 410 A-1/U4 is an air vehicle that performs well in two different roles. The first is bomber interception due to its large calibre 5 cm BK 5 cannon, but the poor climb rate when compared to other variants of the 410 limit its effectiveness in this mission. Granted, single-handedly shooting down heavy bombers is quite enjoyable from a pure gameplay perspective. The excellent armour-piercing capabilities of Me 410 A-1/U4 cannon make ground attack a viable option. However, the [[Hs.129B-3|Hs 129B-3]] with its 7.5 cm BK 7,5 cannon can deliver more punch to its target while an aircraft armed with 3.7 cm weapons can also penetrate the rear and side armour of all types of armoured vehicles while having more ammunition at their disposal. For this reason, bomber interception might be a more viable option. Of course, enemy fighters will be your primary concern, since the Me 410 A-1/U4 has poor climb rate and turn time, but your rear machine guns with good firing radius can provide some retribution.

The heavy BK 5 cannon degrades flight performance considerably, making it hard get on your opponent's rear and use your powerful MG 151/20. The best tactic to counter enemy fighters is to retain energy and use Boom & Zoom attacks. If a friendly fighter is near, make sure to ask him for help.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great manoeuvrability for a two-engine heavy fighter
* Good dive performance
* Good survivability
* Potent offensive firepower
* The 50 mm cannon can knock out bombers in one shot
* High ammo count

'''Cons:'''

* High-calibre cannon air targets belt lacks versatility
* 50 mm cannon is inaccurate and almost useless against fighters
* 50 mm cannon is long to reload, delaying the follow-up shot
* 50 mm shell rarely kills ground units in one shot

== History ==


{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}|expand=true}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
The Me 410 A-1/U4 and the Me 410 A-2/U4 became the most powerful armament available in Me 410 A modifications. They provided a 50 mm Rheinmetall BK 5 cannon. This weapon was initially developed as an antitank gun, with a 21-round drum magazine and a pneumatic reloading system, and was mounted in the bomb bay. The presence of the BK 5 cannon had no discernible effect on piloting the aircraft; however, the Me.410's flight characteristics were slightly reduced due to increased aerodynamic resistance. Tests showed that an aircraft with the 50 mm BK 5 cannon was able to target T-34 and KV tanks as well as railway carriages, steam locomotives, and small waterborne vehicles. However, it turned out that the standard Revi 16 sight was not suitable for firing the new weapon, so planes armed with BK 5 cannons were fitted with ZFR 4a gun sights.

Firing practice showed that the BK 5 cannon frequently failed when firing long bursts (more than five shells). This problem was solved when a special automatic breaker limiting bursts to three rounds was introduced into the fire control circuit.

The Me 410 A never became an anti-tank aircraft; instead, the Hornets armed with the 50 mm BK 5 cannons targeted American heavy bombers. Firing tests targeting B-17 and B-24 bombers that had been forced to land in German territory showed that a hit with only one 50 mm shell was usually enough to destroy a bomber.

The principal beam, one of the most durable structural members of the aircraft, was easily destroyed with a hit from one of the shells. The bombers' fuel tanks, which were safely protected with sponge rubber from any through shots from small-calibre weapons, would detonate when hit by BK 5 cannon shells, turning large pieces of the skin and the airframe of the wing inside out. In theory, German pilots could shoot down enemy planes while remaining out of the reach of their defensive fire. But in real combat conditions it was not easy for Me 410 crews to win duels with the escort fighters, not only with the newest P-51 Mustangs but also with the P-47 Thunderbolts and the P-38 Lightnings.

50 mm BK 5 cannons were installed on Me 410 A-1/U4s on the front, replacing the 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons and 7.92 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 17 machine guns. The Me 410 A-2/U4 "destroyers" ("Zerstörer") were equipped with BK 5 cannons directly at the factory and retained all of their standard armament.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=me-410a-1_u4 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/227207-messerschmitt-me-410-a-1u4/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer BFW}}
{{Germany strike aircraft}}

CL-13B Mk.6 (Germany)

2023-10-13T23:31:13Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = German jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = F-86 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=f-86_cl_13b_mk6
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

In 1949, Canada wanted a new fighter to supplement its growing air force. The F-86 Sabre was a good option, but the Canadian government didn't want to have another American aircraft in service. As a compromise, Canada received a license to build their own Sabres and thus birthed the Canadair Sabre. At first, they were essentially the same as the US [[F-86A-5|F-86A]]. As development and production continued, Canadair Sabres were growing different and even had their own engine installed, the Avro Orenda jet engine. Many variants of the Canadair Sabre were built, but the last variant was the Mk 6. It was quite similar to the Mk 5, except in engines: the Mk 6 was powered by the Orenda 14 engine. It provided a 14% increase in thrust and greatly improved the Mk 6's performance. The climb rate, top speed, and service ceiling were all improved. It would be one of the best-performing Sabres and was delivered to many countries, including Germany. The last Canadair Sabre was built for Germany and marked the end of production. Germany received over 200 Mk 6 Sabres and would later be modified to launch AIM-9B Sidewinders.

Introduced in [[Update 1.87 "Locked On"]], the '''{{Specs|name}}''' is one of the best Sabres in-game. It features some of the best manoeuvrability thanks to the addition of leading-edge slats and relatively low weight. The Grenada 14 allowed the CL-13 to climb much faster and accelerate more quickly compared to the F-86F Sabres. Although it was a massively improved Sabre, the CL-13B still retains the six M3 Browning machine guns mounted on the nose. The CL-13B can also utilize the [[AIM-9B Sidewinder]], which is helpful for forcing opponents to turn and pick off slow targets. However, it lacks flares, which becomes a major issue in uptiers against [[AIM-9L Sidewinder|AIM-9Ls]] and [[R-60M|R-60Ms]]. Players need to be extra cautious in uptiers and stay away from aircraft like the [[Su-25 (Family)|Su-25]] and [[A-10A|A-10]], which are armed with all-aspect missiles.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The CL-13B Mk 6 is one of the best performing jet fighters from the Sabre family, its power plant is the Avro Canada Orenda 14 engine which is a huge improvement over the previous versions. The level speed at sea level was increased to 1122 km/h which is better than in every MiG-15 or MiG-17.
Its acceleration was also increased to the level similar to these jet fighters, the power to weight ratio when the plane is fully loaded is 0.56, better than in any F-86 model, with the exception of the K version and comparable with the other jets like the British Hawker Hunter F.1.
The plane also offers phenomenal climb rate performance: 62 m/s at sea level and it takes only 3 minutes and 45 seconds to climb to 9,000 m, which it is better than MiGs, the Hunter F.1 and most jet fighters that do not have an afterburner.

The wings in this version are equipped with slats which significantly increase its turning performance and it is also the only difference compared to the early F versions and the previous CL-13. The plane also does not suffer from high speed compression. Despite a heavy weight and high wing loading, its turn rate is very similar to the MiG-17's, but thanks to its improved engine the CL-13 should be able to outperform it in vertical manoeuvres.
Its roll rate is excellent at any speed (there are only a few planes that can match it) to the point it can create a risk of breaking wings when pulling too hard and rolling at the same at very high speed, especially with full real controls which do not limit the elevator deflection angle like the instructor does.
The flaps have a quite high speed limit and can be used to improve its dogfighting capabilities even further and it is equipped with an airbrake like every other F-86, which is efficient enough to make the plane slow down in combat situations or when it is landing.

With full real controls the plane is very easy to control as well as quick to respond and does not require any elevator trimming. Stalling and spinning are very rare events: after pulling it as much as possible, the plane will not start spinning immediately: it will reach the maximum angle of attack and still keep the same direction and that can be used to pull high angle attacks. It takes up to a few seconds of pulling it to make the plane start rolling to one side and then spinning and can be easily countered by just letting the controls unsollicited for a moment.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,113 || 1,106 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 22.1 || 23.2 || 51.4 || 46.9 || rowspan="2" | 650
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,132 || 1,122 || 21.2 || 21.5 || 75.3 || 62.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,170  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 590 || 550 || 350 || ~11 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 850 || < 600 || < 650 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Avro Canada Orenda 14 || 1
| colspan="2" | 5,279 kg || colspan="2" | 233 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 6m fuel || 20m fuel || 21m fuel
|-
| 1,160 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 5,664 kg || 6,453 kg || 6,563 kg || 9,530 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 6m fuel || 20m fuel || 21m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 3,136 kgf || N/A
| 0.55 || 0.49 || 0.48 || 0.33
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 3,321 kgf (1,170 km/h) || N/A
| 0.59 || 0.51 || 0.51 || 0.35
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 6.35 mm steel - in front of cockpit
* 12.7 mm steel - pilot's seat
* 20 mm steel - pilot's head rest
* 38 mm bulletproof glass - armoured windscreen

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

It is recommended that the first-researched module be the Compressor, followed by additional armament modifications (leading up to the AIM-9B missile), and then the Engine upgrade. Ammunition belt options are not a priority as all ammo belts perform similarly, and the New Boosters module is also unnecessary given that the CL-13B already has good high-speed manoeuvrability and because they make it much easier to wing-rip.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M3 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 6 x 12.7 mm M3 Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (300 rpg = 1,800 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AN-M65A1 Fin M129 (1,000 lb)|AIM-9B|HVAR}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 16 x HVAR rockets
* 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 Fin M129 bombs (2,000 lb total)
* 2 x AIM-9B missiles

== Usage in battles ==


This aircraft is similar to the [[F-86A-5]] in that it is equipped with leading-edge slats that improve turn rate and energy retention in a turn. However, the Mk.6 is equipped with a significantly more powerful engine. In fact, this improved engine means that unlike all other [[F-86 (Family)|F-86 Sabres]] in the game, the Mk.6 is able to out-perform the [[MiG-17 (Family)|MiG-17]] in a climb, and as such is able to utilise vertical manoeuvres that would be a death sentence for any other Sabre. With a powerful engine, this plane can effectively use spiral-climbing in order to energy-trap MiGs. In fact, the Mk.6 has better speed, acceleration, and turn rate than all other Sabres (except the [[F-86F-40 (Japan)|F-86F-40]], which has a better turn rate).

There is a plethora of enemies that pose a threat to the {{PAGENAME}}. One such enemy is the [[F-86K (Italy)|F-86K]] or the [[Hunter F.6]], both of which have more engine power and, for the Hunter, access to the extremely manoeuvrable SRAAM missiles. However, the presence of VTOL jets such as the [[Harrier (Family)|Harrier]] and [[Yak-38 (Family)|Yak-38]] makes the airspace more dangerous for the {{PAGENAME}} due to their better missiles and general aerial performances.

Worst case scenario is when the {{PAGENAME}} gets fully uptiered and faces against supersonics such as [[F-4 Phantom II (Family)|F-4 Phantoms]] and [[MiG-21 (Family)|MiG-21s]] and their very capable IR and radar air-to-air missiles. The latter type is especially dangerous to the {{PAGENAME}} due to the lack of any Radar Warning Receiver systems. As such, high-altitude fighting would not be encouraged, especially when supersonics outclimb the {{PAGENAME}} anyways. Still, supersonic aircraft tend to manoeuvre worse than the {{PAGENAME}}, so it is still possible to defeat them with an energy-trap or catch an unaware opponent with your missiles; but that more often than not depends on luck.

Another point to note is that the CL-13B has poor engine performance at high altitudes. Not to mention that by the time you get there, battle will be already over. So, it is advisable to engage enemies as close to sea-level as possible.

The CL-13B's greatest weakness lies in its six 12.7 mm machine-guns. At this rank, cannons are the standard, and although ammunition count is high, these lower-calibre guns don't have a great damage output. Snapshots are rarely fatal, and often sustained firing time is necessary to secure a kill. Luckily, with the amount of ammunition that this plane carries, spray and pray firing tactics are very much a possibility. As for belt selection, tracer rounds are better-suited for setting fire to enemy aircraft, while more AP-heavy belts are more likely to damage structural components and injure the pilot. Stealth belts are, as always, an option as well. No one belt is undisputedly superior to the rest, so playstyle and personal preference will determine which belt should be chosen.

Like many jets at this battle rating, the CL-13B is equipped with early air-to-air missiles. [[AIM-9B]] missiles are effective against slow-moving enemies, but are often useless at high speeds; most top-rank aircraft will usually pop flares or perform basic turn and thus evade the measly 10 Gs manoeuvring missile.

The {{PAGENAME}} deals with a wide range of top-rank enemies due to its battle rating position currently, and more often than not faces enemy that outperforms the {{PAGENAME}} in some shape or form. However, the {{PAGENAME}} can still be a capable aircraft when its strengths are played against the opponent's weaknesses.

=== Radars ===

The CL-13B Mk.6 is equipped with an AN/APG-30 rangefinding radar, located in the nose of the aircraft.
It will automatically detect other planes within the scanning area and display the range to the closest target. It is linked with a gyro gunsight and can help with aiming at close range.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | AN/APG-30 - Rangefinding radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
|-
| 2,750 m || 300 m || ±9° || ±9°
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Relatively low stall speed
* High roll rate and great turn rate
* Good energy retention
* Good muzzle velocity
* High ammo count
* Armed with air-to-air missiles

'''Cons:'''

* Mediocre climb rate compared to competitors
* Poor armament compared to competitors
* Wing rips occur easily during high-G manoeuvres
* Poor engine performance at high altitude
* Limited fuel-carrying options
* Available missiles have low G manoeuvring limits

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=f-86_cl_13b_mk6 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|jfduRaPhMh0|'''The Fragile Missile Runner! CL-13B Mk.6''' - ''Jengar''|3RP6bdwa5H8|'''Why It's The Best - CL-13B Mk.6 Commentary''' - ''DEFYN''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* Canadair [[F-86 (Family)|Sabre]] (those Sabres manufactured with the designator "CL")
* North American [[F-86K (France)|F-86D]] Sabre
* North American [[F-100D|F-100]] Super Sabre
* North American [[FJ-4B|FJ-4]] Fury

;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* Grumman [[F9F-8|F9F]] Cougar
* Lavochkin [[La-15]]
* Mikoyan-Gurevich [[MiG-15]]
* Mikoyan-Gurevich [[MiG-17]]
* Hawker [[Hunter F.1|Hunter]]
* Dassault [[Super Mystere B2|Super Mystère]]
* Saab [[J29D|J29]] Tunnan

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/445804-canadair-sabre-f-86-cl-13b-mk6/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Canadair}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

F-86F-30 (Japan)

2023-10-13T23:07:42Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = Japanese jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = F-86 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=f-86f-30_japan
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The F-86F-30 ("NA-191" as North American called it) was the first Sabre to be built with bombing in mind. Earlier Sabres had pitiful endurance when carrying bombs, which became an issue. This led to North American designing the NA-191, which had four hardpoints, either for more fuel or bombs. The combat range was greatly increased, which remedied the main issue of the Sabre's role as a fighter-bomber. The F-86F-30 would soon find a home in Japan. Although Japan was not allowed to have an air force after the war, Allied nations eased up on the restriction and allowed the Japan Air Self Defence Force in 1953. A year later, after the air force was established, they picked the F-86F to be their main fighter. 29 F-86F-25/30s were brought in from US surplus. Many early F-86Fs were brought up to the [[F-86F-40 (Japan)|F-40]] standard, which featured improved handling with leading-edge slats.

Introduced in [[Update 1.39]], the '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a fairly good fighter. Thanks to its sleek design and swept-wings, the F-86F-30 can reach speeds in excess of 1,100 km/h (683 mph). However, the J47 engine has relatively low thrust output, and it takes time to reach significant speeds. One of the main advantages of the F-86 Sabre is its impressive roll rate. Many aircraft at its battle rating will not be able to compete with it, especially MiG-15s. The F-86F-30 has the standard armament of six nose-mounted 12.7 mm M3 Browning machine guns, which have significant range but lack stopping power. This is one of the few downsides of the Sabre, but it is compensated for by the large ammunition pool. Overall, the '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a powerful aircraft that can also be used as a fighter-bomber.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,095 || 1,089 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 24.7 || 25.9 || 38.8 || 35.9 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,115 || 1,106 || 23.6 || 24.0 || 56.5 || 46.7
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,170  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 590 || 550 || 350 || ~11 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 850 || < 600 || < 650 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | Empty mass || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | General Electric J47-GE-27 || 1
| colspan="2" | 5,430 kg || colspan="2" | 239 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 7m fuel || 20m fuel || 26m fuel
|-
| 1,150 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 5,787 kg || 6,429 kg || 6,726 kg || 9,530 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 7m fuel || 20m fuel || 26m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 2,626 kgf || N/A
| 0.45 || 0.41 || 0.39 || 0.28
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 2,626 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.45 || 0.41 || 0.39 || 0.28
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 6.35 mm steel - in front of cockpit
* 12.7 mm steel - behind pilot
* 38 mm steel - armoured windscreen
* 20 mm steel pilot's headrest

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M3 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 6 x 12.7 mm M3 Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (300 rpg = 1,800 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|M117 cone 45 (750 lb)|AN-M65A1 Fin M129 (1,000 lb)|HVAR}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 16 x HVAR rockets
* 2 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (1,500 lb total)
* 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 Fin M129 bombs (2,000 lb total)

== Usage in battles ==


While the F-86F-30's acceleration and top speed are lacking compared to its contemporaries, the F-86F-30's slats allow the plane to have an outstanding manoeuvrability. That said, one must beware of their speed as pulling high manoeuvres at high and max speed can put the plane under great stress which leads to the wings falling apart. The outstanding manoeuvrability comes at the cost of speed. Pulling hard turns will bleed your airspeed. Try to climb up before engaging the enemy to ensure you have enough energy to get out of a sticky situation. Hopefully, there will be a furball underneath you where you would be able to pounce on low-energy fighters with your guns. One advantage the F-86 has over the jets of other nations is the large ammo count of its 6 x .50 cals (1,800) although it would be wise to try and hit most of your shots. Try staying above 500 km/h as any slower and you would lose a significant amount of energy in a prolonged turn.

=== Radars ===

The F-86F-30 is equipped with an AN/APG-30 rangefinding radar, located in the nose of the aircraft.
It will automatically detect other planes within the scanning area and display the range to the closest target. It is linked with a gyro gunsight and can help with aiming at close range.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | AN/APG-30 - Rangefinding radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
|-
| 2,750 m || 300 m || ±9° || ±9°
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great roll rate
* Retains energy well in turns and vertical manoeuvres
* Decent turn time for jet
* Good acceleration
* Decent armament 12.7 mm M3 with a high rate of fire
* Can carry bombs or rockets
* Decent radar
* Clear cockpit view for simulator battle

'''Cons:'''

* Easy to rip off the wings with high-speed manoeuvres (realistic and simulator battles)
* This plane can match up against higher tier jets with afterburner and air-to-air missiles, like MiG-21s, Harriers, Su-25s, etc.
* Low ammo count equates to only 15-second burst

== History ==

Following the Japanese defeat and the end of the Second World War, Japan was prohibited from maintaining armed forces of its own. Following the disbanding of the Imperial Japanese Army and Navy in 1945, this decision was written into law in the 1947 Constitution. While the original article declared that Japan would never resort to war as an instrument to settle disputes and would never maintain land, sea or air forces or other instruments of war, later on the exact meaning of this article was questioned by successive governments as it meant Japan was fully dependent on the occupying Allied forces to come to its defence in case of an armed conflict. The outbreak of the Korean War in 1950 only furthered this concern, and a new interpretation of the constitutional article came into being: while Japan was prohibited from maintaining an offensive force, the article did not state that they were also prohibited from maintaining a purely defensive force.

The formal establishment of a mutual defence clause in the 1951 US-Japan Peace treaty led to the founding of the Japanese Self-Defense Forces in 1954, with the Japanese Air Self-Defense Force being its air component. As a result of negotiations concerning the founding of the JASDF, it was eventually decided that the new armed force would use the North American F-86F as its standard day-fighter, with license production being undertaken by Mitsubishi in the form of assembly of knock-down kits produced by the North American factory in California. However, as it would take time for production to start, the decision was taken to hand over USAF aircraft to the nascent JASDF pending the arrival of the first domestically-produced F-86Fs. This first delivery included 30 North American F-86F Sabres and 55 Lockheed T-33A Shooting Star jet-trainers.

The official handover of the first seven F-86Fs for the JASDF took place at Kisarazu Base on December 1st 1955; the last of the 30 aircraft was handed over four months later in April of 1956. This first tranche of 30 aircraft, consisting of 10 F-86F-25-NHs and 20 F-86F-30-NAs, was originally used as a stop-gap pending the delivery of the F-86F-40 variant intended for the JASDF. These aircraft served to equip the 1st Air Wing, which was officially declared operational on October 1st 1956. In the four years they served as daylight fighters, 2 aircraft were written off in accidents. As soon as sufficient North American and Mitsubishi-produced Block-40 aircraft became available, the 28 surviving F-86F-25s and -30s were put into storage.

This was not the end of their story, as 18 aircraft were converted to RF-86F reconnaissance aircraft in 1961. These aircraft were used to equip the 501st Squadron where they would have a surprisingly long career: the last of these RF-86Fs were only withdrawn from service in 1979.

The following F-86Fs were transferred from the USAF to the JASDF:

* F-86F-25-NH: 51-13361; 51-13368; 51-13369; 61-13376; 51-13385; 51-13390; 51-13414; 51-13474; 52-5327; 52-5439
* F-86F-30-NA: 52-4542; 52-4618; 52-4679; 52-4684; 52-4693; 52-4699; 52-4705; 52-4708; 52-4745; 52-4758; 52-4836; 52-4844; 52-4845; 52-4905; 52-4909; 52-4913; 52-4914; 52-4916; 52-4923; 52-4939

These aircraft were (randomly) renumbered in JASDF service as 52-7401/7409 and 62-7410/7430. Aircraft later converted to RF-86F standard were renumbered from the x2-74xx to x2-64xx.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=f-86f-30_japan Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development

* Canadair [[F-86 (Family)|Sabre]] (those Sabres manufactured with the designator "CL")
* North American [[F-86K (France)|F-86D]] Sabre
* North American [[F-100D|F-100]] Super Sabre
* North American [[FJ-4B|FJ-4]] Fury

;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* Dassault [[Super Mystere B2|Super Mystère]]
* Grumman [[F9F-8|F-9]] Cougar
* Hawker [[Hunter F.1|Hunter]]
* Lavochkin [[La-15]]
* Mikoyan-Gurevich [[MiG-15]]
* Mikoyan-Gurevich [[MiG-17]]
* Saab [[J29D|J29]] Tunnan

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/272062-north-american-f-86f-30/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [http://www.joebaugher.com/usaf_fighters/p86_12.html <nowiki>[Joe Baugher]</nowiki> F-86F in Foreign Service]

{{Manufacturer MHI}}
{{AirManufacturer NAA}}
{{Japan jet aircraft}}

Me 410 A-1/U2

2023-10-13T20:55:14Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = German twin-engine fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Me 410 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=me-410a-1_u2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_Me_410_A-1_U2.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The Me 410 A was the result of the design and development of the Me 210. It featured a better airframe and was overall a much better aircraft compared to the Me 210. At the beginning of the Me 410's life, it was mainly focused on being a high-speed bomber. However, as time went on, Luftwaffe Bomber Command grew more dissatisfied with the Me 410's role as a bomber. This, in combination with the need for heavy fighters, redesignated the Me 410 from a high-speed bomber towards fighting enemy aircraft. The Me 410 A-1/U2 was the beginning of this mindset, and it largely ditched the bombs. It was then fitted with the WB 151A "Waffenbehälter" modification set that added two more MG 151s. In total, the Me 410 A-1/U2 had an impressive armament of four MG 151s and two 7.92 mm machine guns. Production shifted towards building Me 410 A-1/U2s, and even regular A-1s were converted to the Zerstörer standard.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27. It is one of many Me 410 variants in the game and is quite similar to the [[Me 410 B-1/U2|B-1/U2]]. The A-1/U2 has a very deadly set of guns that will easily down fighters and bombers. However, due to the Me 410's lacklustre performance, climbing up to enemy bomber altitudes will be quite tough. Furthermore, enemy fighters will have far superior performance, making it difficult to engage them. Me 410 pilots should stick to teammates and pick off aircraft that are distracted or in a disadvantageous position.
== General info ==
[[File:Cockpit_Me410.jpg|thumbnail|right|The Me 410's instrument panel.]]
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


With its size, heavy arrangement and Armour you could be forgiven for misjudging the Me 410 A-1/U2's agility.

Two Daimler-Benz DB 603A V12 engines produce 1,726 HP each giving the aircraft power to weight ratio of 0.56 Hp/kg (compared to the BF 109 G-6's 0.64 Hp/Kg) which allows it to accelerate extremely well compared to other aircraft of its size and better than many single-engine fighters. Although the top speed of 640 km/h is nothing to brag about (don't expect to get over 600 Km/h during a battle) it is still a capable aircraft speed-wise as it will not rip its wings below 750 Km/h and cannot rip them in a turn. Stall Speed is 130 Km/h and 120 Km/h with Combat flaps extended. Despite what many believe the Me 410 can climb at an average of 20 M/s at 15 degrees up to 4000m, depending on the map and from then forward continues at 10-15 M/s till 7000m where its performance drops significantly.

The Me 410 can also turn well for its size, provided you are between 280 and 600 km/h. Combat flaps at speeds below 400 Km/h improve turn time and low-speed performance greatly. The flaps on the Me 410 provide a lot of lift and this combined with the good acceleration allows you to recover from stalls extremely quickly, or prolong the time it takes to stall by a large amount.

Also tying in with the acceleration is the Me 410's Air brakes, the combination of Air brakes and good acceleration allows you to manipulate your energy more easily than most fighters. The Air breaks allow you to slow down quickly to force an overshoot, avoid exceeding 750 Km/h, give yourself more time to fire at targets or stop an enemy from forcing you to overshoot and then regain your speed faster than your foe.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,700 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 602 || 584 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.9 || 32.8 || 7.7 || 7.7 || rowspan="2" | 444
|-
! Upgraded
| 648 || 624 || 29.6 || 30.7 || 14.4 || 10.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 457 || 428 || 280 || ~12 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 360 || < 360 || < 460 || > 265
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,300 m || 3,020 hp || 3,330 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


The aircraft's wings leading edges and critical components are armoured. although this armour will help prevent low energy or small calibre projectiles from damaging the airframe it cannot be relied on to prevent damage from anything other than rifle calibre (7.62 mm, 7.7 mm, 7.92 mm) rounds and even then it is unlikely to come out unscathed. The Me 410's armour should be more or less thought of as a last resort if you know you're going to be hit at least you have some protection.

* 8 mm steel - front of cockpit (either side of the glass)
* 5 mm steel - wings leading edge (in front of fuel tanks)
* 8 mm steel - prop hub and gear bay
* 9 mm steel - top and bottoms of wings (around the liquid cooling system)
* 8 mm steel - plates in the tail
* 8 mm steel - bulkhead aft of gunner
* 8 mm steel - between gunner and pilot
* 12 mm steel - pilot's headrest
* 60 mm bulletproof glass - in front of the pilot (inside aircraft)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 17 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, chin-mounted (250 rpg = 500 total)
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, cheek-mounted (350 rpg = 700 total)
* 2 x 7.92 mm MG 17 machine guns, cheek-mounted (1,000 rpg = 2,000 total)

When most players encounter an Me 410 of any variant they won't often think past the aircraft's heavy armament, the A-1/U2 is a prime example of this with 4 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons and 2 x 7.92 mm MG 17 machine guns in the nose. Although your armament is very effective for hunting bombers in most scenarios, fighter aircraft should be your primary target.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|Wfr.Gr.21}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x Wfr.Gr.21 rockets

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 13 mm MG 131 machine gun, 2 x beam turrets (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==


This aircraft is great for conquering airbases because you can use it to approach very close to the ground and very, very fast up to the very last moment. This is because of the Hornisse's effective airbrake. When running towards the runway, don't hesitate to put the pedal to the metal up to really shortly before touchdown, then push off the air-brake, gear and all flaps (in that order). Ignore all warning and try to touch-down with about 200-240 km/h.

It is also suitable for chasing all sorts of bombers. Due to its heavy nose armament, taking down nearly any enemy is just a matter of seconds.

Your greatest advantage, however, is the planes' speed, certainly not its manoeuvrability.

For this reason, always try to get into power fighting when it comes to taking on single-engined enemies. Try to stay in a group. Your defence weaponry will serve you as well as it will your allies.

For Simulator battle pilots, the aircraft's Cockpit is not clean but allows you to lead your target more accurately due to the hanging gun sight and partially glass nose

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''
* Heavy armament: 4 MG 151, when you research the belts and use air target belts, you are firing mostly Minengeschosse!
* Nose-mounted armament gives a very dense cone of fire
* Its defensive armament, once fully installed, is remarkably effective, especially when it comes along with a skilled crew
* Good traverse arcs for the 13 mm machine guns
* Can carry bombs even with stock model
* Reasonably fast for a twin-engine fighter
* The Me 410's well armoured fuselage is quite durable and withstands a good punch.
* It can reach amazing high levels of speed within its class, which is especially effective when fleeing from the enemy
* Armament combined with her speed makes her an excellent bomber hunter

'''Cons:'''

* Large target for enemy aircraft
* Subpar manoeuvrability; even a few bombers can out-turn it
* Pilot can be vulnerable in a head-on attack
* Like most twin-engine planes, the "Hornisse" is not as manoeuvrable as a single-engined fighter
* When pulling her up, she loses speed extensively
* As with most German heavy fighters, the fuselage durability doesn't extend to the wings
* Lack of large calibre cannons or bombs makes this the overall worst variant of the 410 for ground attack

== History ==


{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}|expand=true}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
By February 1944, the designation "Hornisse" ("Hornet") was finally assigned to the Me.410A planes, and several "factory conversion kits" (Umbausätze) were developed for them to increase their firepower or ensure that they were able to perform various special missions.

The U1 kit, used both on high-speed bombers and "destroyers" (the Me.410A-1/U1 and the Me.410A-2/U1), allowed mounting one Rb 75/30, Rb 50/30, or Rb 20/30 camera onto the central fuselage.

The U2 kit, for high-speed bombers, consisted of a WB 151 ventral container with two additional 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons with 250 rounds each, in drum magazines. The cannon container was installed in place of the Me.410A-1/U2's bomb bay.

Me 410 A-2/U2 night fighters had not only WB 151 containers but also a FuG 220 radar with dipole antennas in the forward fuselage and flame arrestors in the plane's exhaust pipes.

The need to repel American heavy bombers running daytime raids over Germany forced the Luftwaffe command to search for a way to arm Air Defence Force fighters with powerful large-calibre weapons. And so, an R2 version of the Rüstsatz kit was developed. The Me.410A-2/R2 had its 7.92 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 17 machine guns removed and a pair of 30 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 108 cannons mounted in a WB 108 container in the bomb bay. The planes were also fitted with ZFR 4a telescopic gun sights.

An exotic weapon was tested on one Me 410 A-1: a 210 mm, six-chamber WGr 21 revolving rocket launcher. The launcher was assembled in the bomb bay, with one of the launch tubes protruding beyond the contours of the fuselage. Since the drum rotated quickly, all six rockets could be released at the target in one gun run. The first test fire, performed in February 1944, proved to be unsuccessful, but fine-tuning of the weapon continued. The revolving launchers were mounted on several more Me.410 planes for operational service tests, but the idea never progressed any further.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=me-410a-1_u2 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer BFW}}
{{Germany twin-engine fighters}}

Me 410 B-1

2023-10-13T20:06:27Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = German strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Me 410 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=me-410b-1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The Me 410 B variant was intended to improve on the Me 410 A with engines. DB 603G engines were planned to be installed, but production and design issues meant the DB 603G would never be put into any aircraft. Thus, the Me 410 B was essentially just a Me 410 A but with more fuel, strengthened undercarriage, and an oxygen system for high-altitude flight. The Me 410 B-1 was still quite early in the war when the Luftwaffe was still utilizing the 410 as a high-speed bomber. Thus, it can still carry bombs and lacks the additional cannons of later variants. However, once the Luftwaffe realized the Me 410 was weak as a bomber, purposes shifted towards converting the Me 410 B-1s in service to the Zerstörer standard. This usually resulted in more cannons being added.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27. Since this is an early variant of the Me 410, it can still carry bombs and lacks modification sets like the WB 151A, which added two more [[MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 151]]s. Even by light bomber standards, the Me 410 B-1's loadout is fairly weak, with a maximum loadout of only two 500 kg bombs. One difference between the B-1 and [[Me 410 A-1|A-1]] is the replacement of the 7.92 mm machine guns with 13 mm machine guns. This slightly increases the firepower but still pales in comparison to something like the [[Me 410 B-6/R3|B-6/R3]].
== General info ==
[[File:Cockpit_Me410.jpg|thumbnail|right|250px|The Me 410's instrument panel.]]
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

In general, the Me 410 B-1's flight characteristics are adequate. It can accelerate reasonably fast, and its roll rate is average. However, its turn time is not as good as single-engine fighters (which is to be expected), but it may be able to outturn some other heavy fighters. It does not lock up at high speeds, meaning you can dive on enemies without having to worry about that. Even when approaching rip speed, the flight performance stays largely, the same. The DB 603s are excellent engines, and when spaded, at low altitude, without payload, and flying straight, you should be able to manage 470 km/h. However, at higher altitudes, it can go even faster, thanks to its supercharger, reaching speeds past 500 km/h.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,900 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 617 || 599 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.1 || 32.0 || 7.9 || 7.9 || rowspan="2" | 500
|-
! Upgraded
| 663 || 639 || 28.9 || 30.0 || 14.3 || 10.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 457 || 428 || 280 || ~12 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 360 || < 360 || < 460 || > 265
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,750 m || 3,120 hp || 3,551 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8 mm steel - front of cockpit (either side of the glass)
* 5 mm steel - wings leading edge (in front of fuel tanks)
* 8 mm steel - prop hub and gear bay
* 9 mm steel - top and bottoms of wings (around the liquid cooling system)
* 8 mm steel - plates in the tail
* 8 mm steel - bulkhead aft of gunner
* 8 mm steel - between gunner and pilot
* 12 mm steel - pilot's headrest
* 60 mm bulletproof glass - in front of the pilot (inside aircraft)
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (4 in the wings' roots and 2 in the wings)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, cheek-mounted (350 rpg = 700 total)
* 2 x 13 mm MG 131 machine guns, fuselage-mounted (600 rpg = 1,200 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC50JA (50 kg)|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 8 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (400 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (500 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg SC500K bombs (1,000 kg total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 13 mm MG 131 machine gun, 2 x beam turrets (500 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==


This aircraft, like its predecessors, benefits from a large supply of ammo. When performing ground attacks against soft targets, firing the machine guns separately enables better conservation of the more relevant cannon ammo. It is recommended to use stealth ammo for the machine guns and another belt for the cannons that include tracers, as this enables the pilot to easier gauge the 20 mm's trajectory.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}
In terms of MEC, the Me 410 B-1 does not offer much. You can control the propeller pitch and radiators, but nothing else. Usually, you can keep the radiators at around 40%, but you may have to increase it to a little past 50% if WEP is engaged, or if your water cooling system is damaged. Unlike the DB 601 from which it was derived from, the DB 603 does not conk out if propeller pitch is increased to 100%, and can be kept there. If your engines are dead and you need to glide back to base, decrease it as needed.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Well armed, mounting 13 mm and 20 mm cannons
* Improves offensive armament, with the 7.92 mm MGs replaced with 13 mm MGs
* Good amount of ammunition for both weapons
* Quite durable, well armoured
* Great straight-line top speed for a heavy fighter
* Sustains high speeds in dives
* Air brakes (useful for dive recovery, dogfighting and landing)
* Without air brakes, accelerates quickly in a dive, allowing for quick escapes
* Retains speed created in a dive for a while
* Good forward visibility (in Simulator)
* Stable flyer
* Machine guns allow for a less wasteful ground attack

'''Cons:'''

* Not very manoeuvrable (although quite reasonable amongst heavy fighters)
* Poor energy retention
* Less firepower than the Me 410 A-1/U2
* Different forward-firing guns means two trajectories to know
* Rather large target

== History ==


{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}|expand=true}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
April 1944 saw the Me 410 B version replace the Me 410 A on the assembly lines. The main distinction of this variant was its Daimler-Benz DB 603G twelve-cylinder, liquid-cooled engine. The new engines had an increased boost and compression ratio, which allowed a takeoff power of 1,900 hp.

The aircraft's armament was reinforced. The pair of 7.92 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 17 machine guns mounted in the nose section were replaced with the same number of the more powerful and efficient 13 mm large-calibre Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 131 machine guns.

Me 410 B planes could now have two additional 300-litre fuel tanks suspended under their wing panels, and the main landing gear legs were extended.

Just as it was in the case of the Me 410 A, two main versions of the aircraft saw full-scale production: the Me 410 B-1 high-speed bomber and the Me 410 B-2 "destroyer". Various Rüstsatz and Umbausatz kits were used on these aircraft.

The Me 410 B-1/U2 and the Me 410 B-1/U4 had armament corresponding to the same versions of the A-1 modification: either a pair of 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons (the U2 kit), or a 50 mm Rheinmetall BK 5 cannon (the U4 kit).

The Me 410 B-2/U2 version of the aircraft had a WB 151 ventral container with two more 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons.

In addition to the 50 mm Rheinmetall BK 5 cannon mounted in the bomb bay, Me 410 B-2/U4 planes had a pair of 30 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 103 cannons installed. To make room, their 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannon and 13 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 131 machine guns were removed. About a hundred such kits were delivered to the Luftwaffe's troops on the front lines.

Several more "field modification kits" for the Me 410 B-2 were developed for the purpose of fighting Allied bombers. The R2 kit included a WB 108 container with two 30 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 108 cannons. The R3 kit also allowed the mounting of additional 30 mm cannons of a different type (Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 103) in a WB 103 container.

In addition to a WB 151 container, planes equipped with the R4 kit received two additional 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons mounted under the fuselage. Planes with the R5 kit received a container with four Mauser MG 151/20 cannons, mounted in the bomb bay.

In April 1944, several Me 410 B-2/U4 aircraft received a 37 mm Rheinmetall BK 3.7 aircraft anti-tank cannon for trial.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=me-410b-1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development
* [[Me 410 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/153154-messerschmitt-me-410-b-1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer BFW}}
{{Germany strike aircraft}}

Me 410 B-1/U2

2023-10-13T19:10:26Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = German twin-engine fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Me 410 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=me-410b-1_u2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_Me_410_B-1_U2.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The Me 410 B variant was intended to improve on the Me 410 A with engines. DB 603G engines were planned to be installed, but production and design issues meant the DB 603G would never be put into any aircraft. Thus, the Me 410 B was essentially just a Me 410 A but with more fuel, strengthened undercarriage, and an oxygen system for high-altitude flight. The Me 410 B-1/U2 was specifically almost identical to the [[Me 410 A-1/U2|A-1/U2]], except for the improvements that came with the B variant. The B-2/U2 was intended to fight against bomber formations and received the WB 151A modification set, which added two MG 151s. It also had an armoured glass windscreen and a fighter gunsight.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' twin-engine fighter has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27. It is very similar to the other Me 410 variants, with the exception of having more guns and [[Wfr.Gr.21|Wfr.Gr.21]] rockets. The Me 410 B-1/U2 has a slight difference in weaponry compared to the A-1/U2. Instead of having two 7.92 mm machine guns like the A-1/U2, the B-2/U2 replaced the machine guns with two 13 mm machine guns. Other than that, they are essentially the same aircraft in terms of capability.
== General info ==
[[File:Cockpit_Me410.jpg|thumbnail|right|250px|The Me 410's instrument panel.]]
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,700 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 602 || 584 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.9 || 32.7 || 7.9 || 7.9 || rowspan="2" | 444
|-
! Upgraded
| 648 || 624 || 29.7 || 30.7 || 14.3 || 10.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 457 || 428 || 280 || ~12 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 360 || < 360 || < 460 || > 265
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,750 m || 3,120 hp || 3,551 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8 mm steel - front of cockpit (either side of the glass)
* 5 mm steel - wings leading edge (in front of fuel tanks)
* 8 mm steel - prop hub and gear bay
* 9 mm steel - top and bottoms of wings (around the liquid cooling system)
* 8 mm steel - plates in the tail
* 8 mm steel - bulkhead aft of gunner
* 8 mm steel - between gunner and pilot
* 12 mm steel - pilot's headrest
* 60 mm bulletproof glass - in front of the pilot (inside aircraft)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannon, chin-mounted (250 rpg = 500 total)
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannon, cheek-mounted (350 rpg = 700 total)
* 2 x 13 mm MG 131 machine gun, fuselage-mounted (600 rpg = 1,200 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|Wfr.Gr.21}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x Wfr.Gr.21 rockets

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 13 mm MG 131 machine gun, 2 x beam turrets (500 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==


This plane is great for capturing airfields because you can use it to approach very close to the ground and very, very fast up to the very last moment. This is because of the Hornisse's effective airbrake. When running towards the runway, don't hesitate to put the pedal to the metal up to really shortly before touchdown, then push off the airbrake, gear and all flaps (in that order). Ignore all warning and try to touch-down with about 200-240 km/h.

It is also suitable for chasing all sorts of bombers. Due to its heavy nose armament, taking down nearly any enemy is just a matter of seconds.

Your greatest advantage, however, is the planes' speed, certainly not its manoeuvrability.

For this reason, always try to get into power fighting when it comes to taking on with single-engined enemies. Try to stay in a group. Your defence weaponry will serve you as well as it will your allies.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* The ME 410's fuselage is quite durable and withstands a good punch
* Its defensive armament, once fully installed, is remarkably effective, especially when it comes along with a skilled crew
* It can reach amazing high levels of speed within its class, which is especially effective in a bomb run or when fleeing the enemy
* Effective airbrakes, they work great especially when diving

'''Cons:'''

* Like most twin-engine planes, the "Hornisse" is not as manoeuvrable as a single-engined fighter
* When pulling up, the plane loses speed extensively

== History ==


{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}|expand=true}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
April 1944 saw the Me 410 B version replace the Me 410 A on the assembly lines. The main distinction of this variant was its Daimler-Benz DB 603G twelve-cylinder, liquid-cooled engine. The new engines had an increased boost and compression ratio, which allowed a takeoff power of 1,900 hp.

The aircraft's armament was reinforced. The pair of 7.92 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 17 machine guns mounted in the nose section were replaced with the same number of the more powerful and efficient 13 mm large-calibre Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 131 machine guns.

Me 410 B planes could now have two additional 300-litre fuel tanks suspended under their wing panels, and the main landing gear legs were extended.

Just as it was in the case of the Me 410 A, two main versions of the aircraft saw full-scale production: the Me 410 B-1 high-speed bomber and the Me 410 B-2 "destroyer". Various Rüstsatz and Umbausatz kits were used on these aircraft.

The Me 410 B-1/U2 and the Me 410 B-1/U4 had armament corresponding to the same versions of the A-1 modification: either a pair of 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons (the U2 kit), or a 50 mm Rheinmetall BK 5 cannon (the U4 kit).

The Me 410 B-2/U2 version of the aircraft had a WB 151 ventral container with two more 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons.

In addition to the 50 mm Rheinmetall BK 5 cannon mounted in the bomb bay, Me 410 B-2/U4 planes had a pair of 30 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 103 cannons installed. To make room, their 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannon and 13 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 131 machine guns were removed. About a hundred such kits were delivered to the Luftwaffe's troops on the front lines.

Several more "field modification kits" for the Me 410 B-2 were developed for the purpose of fighting Allied bombers. The R2 kit included a WB 108 container with two 30 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 108 cannons. The R3 kit also allowed the mounting of additional 30 mm cannons of a different type (Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 103) in a WB 103 container.

In addition to a WB 151 container, planes equipped with the R4 kit received two additional 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons mounted under the fuselage. Planes with the R5 kit received a container with four Mauser MG 151/20 cannons, mounted in the bomb bay.

In April 1944, several Me 410 B-2/U4 aircraft received a 37 mm Rheinmetall BK 3.7 aircraft anti-tank cannon for trial.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=me-410b-1_u2 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer BFW}}
{{Germany twin-engine fighters}}

CL-13A Mk 5 (Germany)

2023-10-13T18:48:20Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
|about= German jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage= other versions
|link= F-86 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=f-86_canadair_german
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

In 1949, Canada wanted a new fighter to supplement its growing air force. The F-86 Sabre was a good option, but the Canadian government didn't want to have another American aircraft in service. As a compromise, Canada received a license to build their own Sabres and thus birthed the Canadair Sabre. At first, they were essentially the same as the US F-86A. As development and production continued, Canadair Sabres were growing different and even had their own engine installed, the Avro Orenda jet engine. The Mk5 was powered by the Orenda 10, fitted with a new wing, and other aerodynamic changes. It was close to the US F-86F-30 in terms of performance. During this time, the German Luftwaffe was revived and also looked to purchase modern aircraft. Germany placed an order for over 200 Mk6 Sabres, but as a stop-gap measure, 75 ex-RCAF Mk5 Sabres were also supplied. Many of the Mk5 Sabres were scrapped in 1962.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was introduced in [[Update 1.39]]. The main difference between the CL-13 and the American-built Sabres was the engine. The CL-13A was powered by the Avro Canada Orenda 10 engine, which produced around 2,800 kgf. For comparison, the [[F-86F-40 (Japan)|F-86F-40]] is powered by the General Electric J47-GE-27 engine, which only produced around 2,600 kgf. This provided an 8% increase in thrust and gave it substantially better performance in terms of acceleration, climb rate, and more. Other than that, the '''{{Specs|name}}''' still retained the six nose-mounted 12.7 mm [[M3 Browning (12.7 mm)|M3]] machine guns. It also retains the same suspended armament options of HVAR rockets, 750 lb and 1,000 lb bombs, as the F-86F-30.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,103 || 1,097 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 24.5 || 25.7 || 39.9 || 36.4 || rowspan="2" | 650
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,123 || 1,114 || 23.7 || 24.0 || 59.8 || 49.3
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,170  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 590 || 550 || 350 || ~11 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 850 || < 600 || < 650 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Avro Canada Orenda 10 || 1
| colspan="2" | 5,432 kg || colspan="2" | 238 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 7m fuel || 20m fuel || 24m fuel
|-
| 1,160 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 5,817 kg || 6,487 kg || 6,716 kg || 9,530 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 7m fuel || 20m fuel || 24m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 2,818 kgf || N/A
| 0.48 || 0.43 || 0.42 || 0.30
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 2,818 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.48 || 0.43 || 0.42 || 0.30
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 6.35 mm steel - in front of cockpit
* 12.7 mm steel - pilot's seat
* 20 mm steel - pilot's head rest
* 38 mm bulletproof glass - armoured windscreen
* Engine and fuel tanks take up most of fuselage
* More fuel tanks in wings

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M3 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 6 x 12.7 mm M3 Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (300 rpg = 1,800 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|M117 cone 45 (750 lb)|AN-M65A1 Fin M129 (1,000 lb)|HVAR}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 16 x HVAR rockets
* 2 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (1,500 lb total)
* 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 Fin M129 bombs (2,000 lb total)

== Usage in battles ==

Speed is everything. Reach around 1,000 km/h and then 10 to 20 degree climb then level out before dropping below 750 km/h IAS.

Watch out for planes like F-86F-2 Sabres and Hunters. These two you'll see the most and they will see you as a big threat since you pretty much out-perform them in every aspect. Destroy them before they pose any threat to you.

The CL-13's energy fighting capabilities outperform most if not all enemies of the same BR. Engagements should always occur on your terms, if you are in a bad situation make use of the Mk. 5's acceleration and roll rate to pull away if possible, then re-engage in an advantageous position.

The Mk.5's main pitfall is its lacklustre armament of six M3 machine guns. Often, sustained fire is the only way to down an enemy short of a pilot snipe. Snapshots will often result in a few hits and an enemy still very much in the fight. However, the high velocity and large ammo count makes accuracy a secondary concern. Pilots should not hesitate to douse their enemies in a hail of machine gun fire, as even a few hits can cripple the enemy and open them up for a second, fatal pass. Engaging in head-on passes with enemies sometimes leads to success owing to the velocity of the M3s, but pilots should be careful to start firing at significant distance and peel off before the 1.0 km mark to avoid enemy fire. Whilst dogfighting, the best shot of finishing engagements lies in exploiting the CL-13's energy superiority and forcing the enemy to bleed speed to the point where they are sitting ducks for your guns. This should not come at the cost of losing one's own speed, however, as the Mk. 5's high speed manoeuvrability falls off very quickly and can leave you as the sitting duck instead.

=== Radars ===

The CL-13A Mk 5 is equipped with an AN/APG-30 rangefinding radar, located in the nose of the aircraft.
It will automatically detect other planes within the scanning area and display the range to the closest target. It is linked with a gyro gunsight and can help with aiming at close range.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | AN/APG-30 - Rangefinding radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
|-
| 2,750 m || 300 m || ±9° || ±9°
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent roll rate at all speeds
* Flying tail elevator provides insane manoeuvrability at higher speeds
* High velocity heavy machine gun armament
* High rate of fire .50 cal M3 machine guns
* Turn rate is very good (not better than F-86A-5/F-40 Sabre)
* Very good climb rate against all jets
* Better acceleration than most jets at its BR, accelerating more than any other Sabre in game
* All round aircraft (good at AB, RB, and SB)

'''Cons:'''

* Low speed manoeuvrability worse than earlier jets
* Installed boosters breaks your wings if pulled over 12 G
* Weak landing gear
* Its excessive flight performance very often causes overconfidence, which can prove deadly

== History ==


=== The CL-13 Series ===
The CL-13 series of aircraft were built by Canadair under licence from North American Aviation. These fighters would be operated by Canada until 1958, and a variety of other nations until much later, with the last variants being retired by the Pakistani Air Force in 1980. There were two major production runs of the aircraft. The first, the Mk. 2 and Mk. 4s with just under 1,000 built, were very similar to their US counterparts, with minor differences. The second run, the Mk. 5s and Mk. 6s of similar numbers, were patterned on the later versions North American Sabre, with larger wings for improved manoeuvrability. The major difference lay in the replacement of the General Electric J47 engine with the locally-designed more-powerful Avro Canada Orenda. The Mk. 6, with a more powerful two-stage version of the Orenda and improved control surfaces, is generally considered the best of all Sabre variants.

=== The CL-13 Mk. 5 ===
On 30 July 1953, the first Sabre Mk.5 flew with the Orenda 10 engine, which gave it a clear rate of climb and ceiling advantage over earlier variants. This improvement was accompanied by a new oxygen system and superior manoeuvrability and low-speed characteristics achieved by increasing the wing chord by six in. (15.2 cm) at the root and three in. (7.2 cm) at the wing tip. The aircraft also made use of a small vertical wing fence, a modification originated by North American on the F-86F, which dramatically improved manoeuvrability. Earlier variants of the CL-13 were equipped with leading edge wing slats that were removed in the Mk.5, leading to increased landing speed and considerably degraded low speed handling. The increase in engine power also came at the cost of range, a full 20 percent less than that of the F-86F. Canadair built 370 Mk. 5s with the majority designated to replace older Sabre variants in RCAF air squadrons.

=== Service in the Luftwaffe ===
In 1956 the newly-revived West German Luftwaffe ordered 225 Canadair [[CL-13B Mk.6|CL-13 Mk. 6]]s to outfit 3 day-fighter wings. In advance of the delivery, 75 retired Royal Canadian Air Force Mk. 5s were supplied to the training unit Waffenschule 10 to facilitate the conversion of pilots to the Sabre. By April of 1960 about 25 of these aircraft remained airworthy, down from a peak of 65 in early 1959. All of the remaining Mk. 5s were scrapped or sold by March of 1962.<ref>http://www.joebaugher.com/usaf_fighters/p86_22.html</ref>

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=f-86_canadair_german Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;[[F-86 (Family)|Related development]]
* [[CL-13B Mk.6 (Germany)]]
* [[CL-13 Mk.4]]

;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era
* Grumman [[F9F (Family)|F9F]] Cougar
* Lavochkin [[La-15]]
* Mikoyan-Gurevich [[MiG-15 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/272054-canadair-cl-13a-sabre-mk-v/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

=== References ===
<references />

{{AirManufacturer Canadair}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

A-4E Early (M) (Israel)

2023-10-13T17:48:25Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = A-4 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=a_4e_early_iaf
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The A-4E Early (A4D-5) was part of the revision that improved the previous Skyhawk variants. It featured the J52-P-6A engine, which had better fuel consumption while also providing much more thrust. Other improvements included more hardpoints and new computers for navigation, bomb dropping, and more. The A-4E also marked the beginning of the new naming system for the Skyhawk. The "Early" versions of the A-4E lack the iconic "humpback" behind the cockpit, which houses more electronics. It also lacks the improved J52-P-8 engine. During the Yom Kippur War, Israel was losing Skyhawks at an astonishing rate, which led to 25+ A-4E Skyhawks being transferred over.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' Skyhawk was introduced in [[Update "Winged Lions"]] and can be seen as a worse version of the premium [[A-4E (Israel)|A-4E]]. The A-4E Early most importantly, lacks the J52-P-8A engine found in the A-4E, which provides an 8% increase in thrust. Other than that, it is very similar to the regular A-4E. The A-4E Early comes armed with the standard two 30 mm DEFA cannons mounted in the chin as well as two [[AIM-9B Sidewinder|AIM-9B Sidewinders]]. The Sidewinders are quite useful for forcing opponents to lose energy/speed and picking off slow targets. The A-4E Early also has 60 countermeasures, which allow for 30 drops. It's very useful against Sea Vixens, and in uptiers where missiles like the [[AIM-9G]] and [[R-60]] are prevalent.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,066 || 1,056 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 38.3 || 39.2 || 34.7 || 34.7 || rowspan="2" | 1,000
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,094 || 1,080 || 36.3 || 37.0 || 60.4 || 47.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,167  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 592 || 560 || 410 || ~8 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 450 || < 700 || < 490 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Pratt & Whitney J52-P-6A || 1
| colspan="2" | 5,024 kg || colspan="3" | 310 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 12m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 40m fuel
|-
| 900 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 5,764 kg || 6,230 kg || 6,833 kg || 7,492 kg || 11,113 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 12m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 40m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 3,470 kgf || N/A
| 0.60 || 0.56 || 0.51 || 0.46 || 0.31
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 3,470 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.60 || 0.56 || 0.51 || 0.46 || 0.31
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Cross}} || {{Cross}} || {{Cross}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|DEFA 552 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552 cannons, belly-mounted (150 rpg = 300 total)
** 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552 cannons + 60 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SAMP Mk 81 (250 lb)|SAMP Mk 82 (500 lb)|SAMP Mk 82 250 Snakeye (500 lb)|SAMP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)|LDGP Mk 84 (2,000 lb)}}
{{main|100/50 kg G.P. (100 kg)|250/50 kg G.P. (250 kg)|360/50 kg G.P. (360 kg)|500/50 kg G.P. (500 kg)|Mk 77 mod 4 incendiary}}
{{main|AGM-62A Walleye I (505 kg)|GBU-8 (2,000 lb)|AIM-9B Sidewinder}}
{{main|FFAR Mighty Mouse|Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP|Mk 11 mod 5 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance presets:

* Without load
* 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 171 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 36 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets
* 20 x 100/50 kg G.P. bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 14 x 250/50 kg G.P. bombs (3,500 kg total)
* 3 x 360/50 kg G.P. bombs (1,080 kg total)
* 3 x 500/50 kg G.P. bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 1 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bomb (2,000 lb total)
* 14 x 500 lb SAMP Mk 82 250 Snakeye bombs (7,000 lb total)
* 2 x 505 kg AGM-62A Walleye I bombs (1,010 kg total)
* 1 x 2,000 lb GBU-8 bomb (2,000 lb total)
* 9 x Mk 77 mod 4 incendiary bombs
* 3 x 20 mm Mk 11 mod 5 cannons (750 rpg = 2,250 total)

==== Custom loadout options ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="9%" | 1 !! width="9%" | 2 !! width="9%" | 3 !! width="9%" | 4 !! width="9%" | 5
| rowspan="17" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_A-4E_Early.png]]</div>
|-
! 20 mm Mk 11 mod 5 cannons (750 rpg)
| || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! 100/50 kg G.P. bombs
| 1 || 6 || 6 || 6 || 1
|-
! 250 lb SAMP Mk 81 bombs
| 1 || 6 || 6 || 6 || 1
|-
! 500 lb SAMP Mk 82 bombs
| 1 || 3 || 6 || 3 || 1
|-
! 500 lb SAMP Mk 82 250 Snakeye bombs
| 1 || 3 || 6 || 3 || 1
|-
! 250/50 kg G.P. bombs
| 1 || 3 || 6 || 3 || 1
|-
! 360/50 kg G.P. bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! 1,000 lb SAMP Mk 83 bombs
| || 1 || 3 || 1 ||
|-
! 500/50 kg G.P. bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! 505 kg AGM-62A Walleye I bombs
| || 1 || || 1 ||
|-
! 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bombs
| || || 1 || ||
|-
! 2,000 lb GBU-8 bombs
| || || 1 || ||
|-
! Mk 77 mod 4 incendiary bombs
| 1 || 2 || 3 || 2 || 1
|-
! FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
| 19 || 38 || 57 || 38 || 19
|-
! Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets
| 4 || 8 || 12 || 8 || 4
|-
! AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
| 1 || || || || 1
|-
| colspan="6" | Maximum permissible loadout weight: 3,720 kg Maximum permissible wing load: 1,860 kg
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Large variety of ground attack ordnance, including TV-guided ground bombs
* Good turn rate at low speeds
* Carries countermeasures to deal with missiles

'''Cons:'''

* Wings can rip off at high speed or high negative G manoeuvres
* Sluggish acceleration and underperforming engine for the aircraft
* Bleeds air speed quickly in high G turn
* Can stall out quickly in Sim Battles without SAS (Stability Augmentation System)

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=a_4e_early_iaf Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development
* [[A-4 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/538311-douglas-a-4e/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [http://www.alternatewars.com/SAC/A-4E_Skyhawk_SAC_-_1_July_1967.pdf Standard Aircraft Characteristics of the A-4E]

{{AirManufacturer Douglas}}
{{Israel jet aircraft}}

Re.2005 serie 0

2023-10-13T16:43:31Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{Specs-Card
|code=re_2005_serie0
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The Reggiane Re.2005 "Sagittario" (Archer in English) was the result of many years of developing and refining the Re.2000 series of fighters. It was much faster than previous models thanks to its DB 605A engine and was more aerodynamically sleek. These changes helped propel the Re.2005 to speeds well over 640 km/h (397 mph). The elliptical wing, also seen in early Spitfires, gave the Re.2005 an incredible turn rate that could keep up with Spitfires. German pilots would also state that the Sagittario had similar flight characteristics to the [[Bf 109 G-14]]. The Re.2005 was a relatively good aircraft, but it would never be built in massive numbers. Only a handful were produced, and the armistice forced the destruction of some Re.2005s.

Introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]], the '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a decent Italian fighter. Although the performance was superb in real life, in-game it is outclassed by many aircraft due to its battle rating. Aircraft like the [[F8F (Family)|F8F Bearcat]] and Griffon-powered Spitfires will easily outrun the Sagittario. This is a common issue with planes that are more focused on the ability to turn than straight-line speed. Sagittario pilots should expect to be the victims of constant boom and zoom attacks; the best option is to perform reversals and try and get a shot off after the enemy aircraft makes a pass. Players can also sideclimb and wait for enemy aircraft to lose their altitude. Armed with three [[MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 151]] cannons and two [[Breda-SAFAT (12.7 mm)|Breda-SAFAT]] 12.7 mm machine guns, the Re.2005 can easily down enemy aircraft with the air target belts. It also has plenty of ammunition, so players can be generous with firing. Overall, the Re.2005 is a relatively difficult aircraft to succeed in due to its battle rating.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

With spectacular turning capabilities, excellent energy retention, adequate roll rate and solid climb rate, the Re.2005 '''''Sagittario''''' is the definition of agile. It can turn on a dime and keep its speed through those turns, allowing it to be a fantastic dogfighter capable of out-turning almost everything - spare the occasional Japanese fighter - with the correct usage of the rudders and combat flaps. The main weakness of the 2005 is its comparatively mediocre speed for a prop aircraft at its battle rating, being worse than most of its German, American, British and certain Russian contemporaries. Despite this speed gap, it holds quite a high diving speed along with excellent acceleration, allowing you to catch up to faster targets quickly after an overshoot.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 7,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 627 || 612 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 19.9 || 20.6 || 12.5 || 12.5 || rowspan="2" | 165
|-
! Upgraded
| 675 || 650 || 18.2 || 19.0 || 20.4 || 16.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 454 || 421 || 250 || ~11 || ~8
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 350 || < 350 || < 380 || > 715
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 6,200 m || 1,250 hp || 1,407 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
[[File:Re.2005 Armor Schematic.png|thumb|400px|Armour diagram of the Re.2005 serie 0, corresponds to the list on the left]]
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


# 50 mm (63°) Bulletproof glass - Windscreen
# 8 mm Steel - Pilot's seat
# 8 mm Steel - Rear pilot shield

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)|Breda-SAFAT (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 20 mm MG 151 cannon, nose-mounted (200 rpg)
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 400 total)
* 2 x 12.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine guns, nose-mounted (380 rpg = 760 total)

Two of the cannons are mounted in the wings with the remaining cannon being a nose-mounted ''Motorkanone'' that fires through the propeller spinner. Each cannon is armed with the same amount of ammunition, which means that all wing-mounted guns will fire together until empty. Never use the Bredas as the main weapon, as they do mediocre damage beyond 300 m and are only useful for lining up shots or forcing enemies to turn.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|GP 50 (50 kg)|GP 100 (100 kg)|GP 250 (250 kg)|GP 500 (500 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 50 kg GP 50 bombs (100 kg total)
* 2 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (200 kg total)
* 1 x 250 kg GP 250 bomb (250 kg total)
* 1 x 250 kg GP 250 bomb + 2 x 50 kg GP 50 bombs (350 kg total)
* 1 x 250 kg GP 250 bomb + 2 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (450 kg total)
* 1 x 500 kg GP 500 bomb (500 kg total)
* 1 x 500 kg GP 500 bomb + 2 x 50 kg GP 50 bombs (600 kg total)
* 1 x 500 kg GP 500 bomb + 2 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (700 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==

The Re.2005 is a classic dogfighter, with surprisingly amazing manoeuvrability that can catch most enemies off guard and shred them with its excellent armament setup. While the aircraft can tailor to most forms of air combat, it should ideally be used as a mid-to-high altitude energy fighter or turn fighter where it can use its amicable energy retention and spectacular manoeuvrability to its advantage.
[[File:Example of the vertical spiral maneuver.jpg|thumb|Example of the Vertical spiral, which the Re.2005 can easily abuse]]
You should make use of energy-wasting manoeuvres such as vertical spirals and hammerheads to bleed the enemy of their speed advantage and force them to fight on your terms.

Of course, the large underslung payload available means the Re.2005 can be a decent ground-pounder as well, being able to drop its bombs quickly and engage the furball. While the Italian bombs are nothing spectacular, they can get the job done fairly well. However, it is worth noting that carrying the largest payload available has a noticeable impact on performance and forces the aircraft into the area it suffers the most in, that being low altitude where its once decent speed becomes extremely poor, compounded by the fact its carrying bombs.

'''''Specific enemies worth noting:'''''

* [[Bf 109 G-2/trop|Bf 109 G-2]], [[Bf 109 G-6|G-6]] and [[Bf 109 G-10|G-10]]. The ''Gustav'' series of the legendary Messerschmitt fighters are ones to be feared. They can fit themselves with powerful gun pods that match your firepower and hold a significant advantage over you with their speed and climb rate. However, you can turn circles around them and can potentially win a head-on if you fire around 1.5 km away then perform evasive manoeuvres. Your best bet is to engage one in a turn fight or dive on them while they're preoccupied with a teammate.
* [[P-51D-30]]. While not a major enemy and extremely uncommon due to the battle rating, the D-30 variant of the Mustang can be a very persistent thorn in your side. It'll blitz you in terms of speed and climb rate, and it has far superior performance above 5 km, and its sextuple Browning M2's will set your airframe ablaze in a few well-placed shots. Fortunately, its turning capabilities are very poor below medium speeds and you can easily destroy it with some well-aimed deflection shots.
* [[P-51H-5-NA]]. If the P-51D is a muscle car, the P-51H is a high-performance sports car. Arguably one of the best propeller-driven aircraft in the game as a result of its exceptionally high speed, climb rate and reasonable mobility, a well-flown P-51H will walk all over the poor 2005. It retains all of the advantages of its previous model and negates a few of its weaknesses, most notably its horrendous turning capabilities. It will outclimb you and outspeed you, but will still have troubles turning with you, so employ turn-heavy manoeuvres in order to get some deflection shots.
* [[Ki-84 otsu]] and [[Ki-84 hei|hei]]. These two are by far the most dangerous opponents you can come in contact with. The ''Hayate's'' boast impressive manoeuvrability that allows them to turn with you, high speed, and reasonably powerful armament on their platforms. While you can potentially win a turn fight versus them, it's never guaranteed so be safe and try to engage them with an energy advantage or in a head-on where their weak airframes will barely be able to take more than a few shells.
* [[Spitfire F Mk 24]]/[[Spitfire F Mk 22|Mk 22]]. The High-octane Griffon Spitfires will dance in the sky and wreck you easily with their ludicrous performance. Although earlier Spitfires are easy prey for the Reggiane, the Griffons hold significant speed, acceleration and climb rate advantages over it. However, this performance comes at the cost of manoeuvrability, allowing the Re.2005 to successfully outturn them and shred them. Make sure to engage a Griffon Spitfire on your terms, lest to get sent back to the hangar in a blazing wreck.
* [[Spitfire LF Mk IX]]. These Spitfires are extremely dangerous, especially with their ability to easily out-turn and out-climb this fighter, despite your decent climb and turn rate. However, they can be easy prey if you use boom and zoom tactics against them. They have mediocre weaponry as they either only have 2 x Hispano Mk IIs and two pairs of 7.7 mm Brownings or one pair of Browning 50 cals. Dogfighting a "Spacefire" is considered suicidal as you cannot outrun them, the Re.2005 is relatively slow in comparison to this Spitfire.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful armament layout with a large ammo capacity
* Spectacular manoeuvrability
* Great acceleration that can keep up with faster opponents
* Solid rate of climb
* Wide selection of underslung bombs for ground pounding
* Excellent mid-to-high altitude performance
* Above average energy retention
* Can perform amicably in any dogfighting situation
* Decently high dive speed
* Surprisingly sturdy airframe
* Above-average roll rate
* Control surfaces do not compress badly at high speeds

'''Cons:'''

* Relatively slow compared to some of its opponents
* Poor low altitude performance
* Max payloads have a significant effect on flight performance
* The large payloads encourage a flying style that puts the Re.2005 at its most vulnerable area (low altitude, no way to escape from opponents)
* Manoeuvrability decreases at low airspeed
* Wings are very susceptible to damage during manoeuvres

== History ==

It has been called "the most beautiful fighter aircraft of the war" and "aerodynamically perfect". The Re. 2005 was the final version of the basic Reggiane fighter design that began with the Re. 2000 in 1939. The third of the ''Serie 5'' third-generation Italian fighters designed to take the DB 605 engine, it had numerous improvements over the company's previous models. Test flights on the prototype began in April 1942, three weeks behind the third-generation M.C. 205 and nine days behind Fiat's G.55. But only 29 of the planned 750 were ever built. Operational service began in May 1943 with the 362nd Squadron in Sicily, and then ''Capua'', until the armistice. A few are known to have flown in battle for the German Luftwaffe over Berlin in the final days of the War in Europe.

=== [[wt:en/news/6343-development-reggiane-re-2005-the-winged-archer-en|Devblog]] ===
Being the last of the three Italian Serie 5 fighters to be introduced to the game, the Re.2005 is simply a must-have for avid fighter pilots, not only due to its excellent flight characteristics but also due to, let's be honest here, its absolutely stunning visual appearance too!

Having touched on the subject of the Re.2005's flight characteristics, these are best described as a middle ground between the Spitfire and Bf 109 fighters. The Sagittario manages to successfully combine superb top speeds and climb rates with tight turn times and sharp roll rates, making it an overall highly versatile fighter with no distinct disadvantages.

In other words, or numbers to be more specific, the Re.2005 can reach a maximum top speed of 650 km/h at an altitude of 7,000 m while retaining an average climb rate of about 21,2 m/s, thanks to its 1,475 horsepower V-12 inline engine. This makes it an ideal energy fighter in the early stages of an air battle, while it's very good agility will also allow it to pull its own weight in intense manoeuvring engagements as the battle progresses.

While you'd be forgiven for thinking that such promising flight characteristics must come at a price of offensive capabilities, the Re.2005 will spare no time in proving you wrong. In fact, the Sagittario is quite formidably armed with a pair of 12.7mm Breda-SAFAT machine guns, mounted underneath the engine cowling, in addition to three 20mm MG 151 cannons, with two being mounted in the wings and one installed through the propeller hub.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=re_2005_serie0 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<div><ul>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:Re 2005 WTWallpaper 001.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:Re 2005 WTWallpaper 002.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:Re 2005 WTWallpaper 003.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:Re 2005 WTWallpaper 004.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:Re 2005 WTWallpaper 005.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:Re 2005 WTWallpaper 006.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
</ul></div>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|ZRRbMZ12LHQ|'''The Shooting Range #241''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:28 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|EMDmiKbjuaM|'''The Spaghetti MONSTER! Re.2005 serie 0 - Italy - Review!''' - ''Jengar''}}

== See also ==


* [[Re.2001 (Family)]], the series of aircraft the Re.2005 was built off of

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6343-development-reggiane-re-2005-the-winged-archer-en|[Development] Reggiane Re.2005: The Winged Archer]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/462481-re-2005/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Reggiane}}
{{Italy fighters}}

GAU-12/U (25 mm)

2023-10-13T06:07:27Z

U48664895: Added sections for available ammunition, comparisons, and a few pros and cons

== Description ==
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===


* {{Specs-Link|av_8b_plus_italy}} (Suspended)

== General info ==


=== Available ammunition ===

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|SAPHEI-T*|Semi armour-piercing high-explosive incendiary (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}

:: Default belt with a 50/50 composition of SAPHEI-T* and HEI. Very effective against air targets due to every round having HE.

* '''Air targets:''' {{Annotation|SAPHEI-T*|Semi armour-piercing high-explosive incendiary (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}

:: Air target belt which is similar to the default belt but with more HEI rounds. Far more lethal against aircraft but less dangerous against ground targets due to a lower amount of SAPHEI-T* rounds.

* '''Ground targets:''' {{Annotation|SAPHEI-T*|Semi armour-piercing high-explosive incendiary (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HVAP|High-velocity armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HVAP|High-velocity armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HVAP|High-velocity armour-piercing}}

:: Belt suited for ground targets. The HVAP round has more than 60 mm of penetration which is more than enough to go through the roofs and engine decks of many tanks. Weak against air targets.

* '''Stealth:''' {{Annotation|HVAP|High-velocity armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HVAP|High-velocity armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}

:: Similar to the default belt but all the SAPHEI-T* rounds are replaced by HVAP rounds. As the name implies no tracer rounds are used so players have no assistance in figuring out lead against an enemy aircraft. It does provide a good mix between attacking ground and air targets.
=== Comparison with analogues ===

There aren't many air platforms with a 25 mm cannon. The Harrier GR.7 does have a 25 mm suspended pod but the gun has inferior fire rate. However, it does have similar velocities for each round. The GAU-12/U can best be characterized as a more powerful M61 Vulcan cannon.
== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''
* High fire rate (3,600 rounds per minute)
* Good variety in ammunition types and belts
* Excellent velocity (~1,100 m/s)

'''Cons:'''
* Can go through ammunition very quickly due to the RoF
* Recoil is quite significant

== History ==
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Italy aircraft cannons}}

[[Category:Aircraft cannons]]

J26

2023-10-13T05:18:55Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = Swedish fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the premium version
| link = J26 David
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=p-51d-20-na_j26
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

Due to Sweden's proximity to the war, several P-51s made emergency landings at Swedish airfields. Out of the many that did land, a few were selected and put under Swedish service, but at this point, Sweden was still neutral. However, as the war neared its end, Sweden thought they would become involved in the war and bought 50 P-51Ds. These new Mustangs would be classified as the J26. Sweden later bought more Mustangs due to the slow development and roll-out of their own homebrew aircraft, the SAAB-21. Sweden had over 140 Mustangs until more advanced aircraft replaced them. Many J26's were sold off to other countries like Israel and Nicaragua.

Introduced in [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]], the '''{{Specs|name}}''' is an okay aircraft. The J26 is based on the [[P-51D-20-NA|P-51D-20]], which unfortunately lacks the higher manifold pressure of some variants like the [[P-51D-30]]. This means a relatively lacklustre climb rate and acceleration. Furthermore, it is a weak dogfighter because of its weight. Players should stick to boom-and-zoom tactics and rarely engage in dogfights unless absolutely necessary. The minimum fuel load (31 minutes) also compounds the weight issue. It retains the six 12.7 mm wing-mounted machine guns but has a much weaker bomb load of only two 50 kg bombs.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The J26 is a very fast plane and quite agile at high speed, it is one of the fastest fighters at its battle rating. Being a Swedish version of the [[P-51D-20-NA|D-20 Mustang]], it has similar performance to the [[P-51D-5|D-5]] variant, meaning it can reach 596 km/h at sea level and 707 km/h at 7,500 m altitude. Also just like that variant, it has a really high dive speed limit, which was increased in this variant to 901 km/h. However, the climb rate is at best quite mediocre, especially compared to interceptors like the P-38 and even the P-47D-28 is better at climbing. It takes around 5 minutes to get to 5,000 m from sea level. Acceleration in level flight is also mediocre, it is slightly better than the early P-47D versions but worse than the Lightning and later Thunderbolts which use 150 octane fuel. The addition of the dorsal fin makes the J26 more stable in the yaw axis compared to the D-5 version and there is no difference in this aspect compared to the [[P-51D-10|D-10]]. Turn rate of both these planes is the same. At low speed, the J26 does not perform well, but as soon as the plane gets faster it also starts to turn tighter, even at really high speeds near the maximum.

The stall characteristics in the J26 depend a lot on its fuel load, it is really hard to stall out while turning with minimum fuel load and is able to fly at almost full elevator deflection. On the other hand, it stalls quite fast with full fuel tanks, also it gets less stable after loading with more than 30 minutes of fuel. The plane reaches its critical angle of attack near half elevator deflection below 500 km/h. The J26 stalling speed is very similar to those of the P-47 or P-63 series, and so has a high stall speed compared to other planes it can meet. Therefore, the J26 pilot should do their best to not fly at a low speed in order to stay above stall speed and also to make the most of the plane's performance in the skies.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 7,620 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 686 || 665 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 23.0 || 23.8 || 15.7 || 15.7 || rowspan="2" | 396
|-
! Upgraded
| 735 || 710 || 21.0 || 22.0 || 22.8 || 18.9
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 644 || 512 || 265 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 300 || < 500 || > 400
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 6.35 mm steel plate behind oil cooling system
* 8 mm steel plate behind pilot
* 11 mm steel plate head rest
* 38 mm bulletproof glass

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Research the modules in the following order: Go for the belts and then the radiator. Next, go for the compressor. After the compressor, go for the new MGs, followed by engine and then wings repair. Go for the G-suit, followed by the Injection, cover, airframe, and lastly, the bombs.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Akan m/45 (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 6 x 12.7 mm Akan m/45 machine guns, wing-mounted (270 rpg outer + 270 rpg middle + 500 rpg inner = 2,080 total)

The {{PAGENAME}} is outfitted with six 12.7 mm Akan m/45 machine-guns. These are identical to the American [[M2 Browning (12.7 mm)|M2 Browning]] found on other Mustangs, and performs equally favourably. The guns can be seen as a direct downgrade from the earlier [[Akan m/39 (13.2 mm)|13.2mm Akan m/39]] found on older planes, such as the [[J21A-2]]. Although a downgrade for good reason, it's important not to underestimate 12.7mm machine guns. Having six of them definitely helps, along with a relatively high ammunition count.

Historically the {{PAGENAME}} was initially meant to feature 13.2 mm machine-guns, similar to that of the planes before it. But since the surplus offer allowed Sweden to purchase .50 calibre ammunition and weaponry for incredibly cheap prices, the old 13.2mm was decided to be replaced entirely. This is the reason why planes after the {{PAGENAME}} such as the [[J21RA]], feature the American 12.7 mm instead of the Swedish 13.2 mm.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|mb m/37AT (50 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 50 kg mb m/37AT bombs (100 kg total)

The main difference between the Swedish {{PAGENAME}} and the American P-51D is the suspended armament. Sweden never intended the {{PAGENAME}} to be used in the role of Close Air Support like the Americans saw it, and thus the plane features little to no payload options. While the American P-51D-20 offers two 1,000 lb bombs, the Swedish {{PAGENAME}} has to live with two 50 kg bombs, positioned on the same pylon. These are very ineffective, especially compared to the American counterpart, but can still be used comfortably in Ground battles by an experienced pilot. An upside to smaller payloads is the reduced performance impact from carrying them. The {{PAGENAME}} can easily fend off opponents before dropping the payload, whereas the American P-51 needs to get rid of any ordnance before engaging in any aerial combat. The {{PAGENAME}} is best used in a tank line-up as the main fighter, as it has a small potential to score some ground frags, along with plenty of aerial ones.

== Usage in battles ==


The J26 is the breakout fighter from the original [[P-51]] design with some major changes which include the beefier Packard V-1650-7 inline engine, bubble canopy for increased pilot visibility and replacement of four 20 mm cannons for six 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns. While not the refined thoroughbred compared to Mustangs of later in the War, the J26 comes into its own as a multi-purpose fighter depending on the theatre of operation and mission requirements.

For the J26 to work properly as a fighter/interceptor, it needs to maintain its speed to catch enemy aircraft off-guard or to get away when the odds start to look grim. Immediately after spawning, this aircraft should begin its climb to higher altitudes where it can then capitalize on its potential energy, however, side-climbing is recommended otherwise the J26 will end up in the middle of two layers, lower and slower aircraft which don't climb well and those like the [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfire]], [[J2M (Family)|J2M]] or [[Bf 109 (Family)|Bf 109s]] which will easily out-climb the J26. Side climbing affords the calculating pilot the opportunity to reach a good altitude from which targets can then be selected and taken out. Here, options will include bomber hunting and Boom & Zooming. Keeping the aircraft's airspeed around 400 km/h (248 mph) will allow the pilot to play more on the offensive than running on the defensive.

Unless you are a skilled head-on attacker, this should be avoided as the airframe is fairly fragile, the engine will most likely absorb most of the damage leaking essential fluids or outright quitting, plus the pilot does not have very much protection from the canopy. If forced into a head-on, take evasive manoeuvres and make it difficult for the enemy fighter to get their sights lined up for a firing solution while they waste ammunition.

Again, while this aircraft becomes difficult to handle when flying slow, it is important to refrain from taking this fighter to the stall point unless you are specifically dragging an enemy fighter into a rope-a-dope or other stall-tactic fighting style. The J26 does not have a very strong rudder (avoid hammerheads or wing-overs), however, when working into a stall manoeuvre, before the aircraft's energy if fully depleted, perform a Split-S manoeuvre and let gravity help the engine get the fighter into a raging dive. Another option with stall-tactics is to work with a wingman, where one aircraft dupes an enemy to follow up in a climb as energy bleeds off, at that point, a wingman with plenty of energy can dive and take out the climbing enemy when they are reaching their apex and are going to be at their slowest, making for an easy target. Wing mates can alternate roles to ensure a continual supply of enemy aircraft to attack.

The J26 is agile enough to dogfight around larger fighters, attackers and bombers, however, it does lack when going against other single-engine fighters around its rank. To counter this inherent weakness, the Mustang should maintain its speed and concentrate on utilising Boom & Zoom tactics allowing it to flee the scene and set up for another attack on its terms. Even missing the target (or not fully destroying it) should not tempt the pilot to chase it down to finish it as this will ultimately bleed of crucial energy and even though successful in chasing down the enemy aircraft and finishing it off, the J26 is left in a vulnerably slow position where it then has to scrape back up to altitude as potential easy pickings for any patrolling enemy aircraft.

While this version of the Mustang is not outfitted with 20 mm cannons, having six [[Browning M2 (12.7 mm)|12.7 Akan m/45]] heavy machine guns can still result in devastating damage inflicted on the enemy. There are several options of ammunition which can be outfitted with this aircraft and they all have their purpose. One thing the pilot must keep track of is the amount of ammunition left after firing because two of the six guns have more ammunition than the other four; at one point damage output will decrease, however, the decrease in weight from the firing of the rounds will increase the aircraft's performance until the reload timer resupplies the aircraft or the pilot returns to base for a reload. Alternatively, for an even more effective method of downing enemy aircraft, use the "Stealth" belt.

While a very capable Boom & Zoom fighter, there are several suspended armament options which can be outfitted to the aircraft depending on the mission. While the additional bombs or rockets will increase the damage potential of the aircraft, there is a trade-off, a critical one, more weapons mean increased aircraft weight and therefore less manoeuvrability and engine performance. Rockets and bombs will turn this aircraft into a force multiplier as the rockets can be used against both aircraft (bombers), ground targets and fleet targets. Bombs, on the other hand, are strictly for land-based and fleet targets, however, they will be less effective against bases in compared to softer ground targets like anti-aircraft cannons, trucks, light tanks and some smaller pillboxes. While the armament on the J26 will be less effective against a base, it will allow the pilot to chip away at it barring any enemy fighters finding their way over to your location.

The J26 has many strengths and weaknesses compared to other aircraft in which it will face, the key is to know these limitations and to know which ones you can push and be successful and others which will leave you an easy enemy target. The key point to remember is speed is key, staying around 400 km/h (248 mph) will keep many options open to either run or attack and can be the deciding factor when facing an aircraft with superior qualities and still come out the victor and be credited with the title "rank does not matter."

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}
To solve the overheating problem, set your radiator to 90% and oil radiator to 80%.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Outstanding Boom & Zoom capability - strictly limit turning manoeuvres
* Great performance at altitude
* Very fast at all altitudes, especially with a levelling-out dive
* Very agile at high speeds
* Good cockpit visibility
* Plenty of ammo
* Fantastic top speed and acceleration when spaded
* Very good sustained climb rate when spaded
* Has a super high rip speed for a prop plane
* G-Suit is researchable

'''Cons:'''

* Water will (eventually) run too hot if on 100% throttle, leave at 99% instead
* Overheats very quickly while using WEP, use very sparingly
* The fantastic Swedish 13 mm Akan from previous aircraft is missing, limiting the firepower
* No options for heavy bombs, unlike American P-51's
* Same gun as the P-51D-5 but with slightly worse belt options (no API-T belt which can be useful against aircraft)

== History ==

The J26 is the Swedish version of the famous American P-51 Mustang. The Swedish air force had amassed several P-51s that were forced to ditch in the neutral country and procured 161 P-51D aircraft once the arms embargo was lifted. These aircraft served in several roles, including the mapping of new Soviet weapons installations. The last J26 Mustangs were retired in 1953, and almost all remaining airframes were sold to foreign countries including Israel, the Dominican Republic, and Nicaragua.<ref name=":0">Henriksson, L. (2010)</ref><ref name=":1">K51d. (2008)</ref>

=== Procurement ===
[[File:Swedish Airforce P-51 Mustang.jpg|thumb|Swedish Air Force P-51D (J26) on display at Swedish Air Force Museum]]
At the beginning of the Second World War, Sweden had almost 300 aircraft on order from the United States. However, due to Sweden's neutrality and its relations with the Axis states, these orders were cancelled. As a result, the Swedish air force procured large amounts of aircraft from Italy including the [[CR.42]] and [[Re.2000 (Family)|Re.2000]]. During the early days of the war, several Allied pilots crash-landed their aircraft in Sweden due to emergencies or aircraft problems; their aircraft were interned due to Sweden's neutrality. As a result, the Swedish air force amassed several Allied P-51 airframes.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

Finally, in 1944, the Allied command allowed Sweden to procure surplus Allied aircraft; they were allowed to choose between the [[P-47 (Family)|P-47 Thunderbolt]] and [[P-51 (Family)|P-51 Mustang]]. They eventually settled on the P-51 and procured the first batch of 43 P-51B/D aircraft. These were known as the J26 in Swedish service. In 1946, an additional 90 P-51D aircraft were purchased to equip additional fighter wings, and in 1948, a final batch of 21 P-51 aircraft was purchased, mainly for use as reconnaissance aircraft.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

=== Operational history ===
The Swedish P-51s were frequently used as reconnaissance platforms, mapping out the locations of Soviet weapons emplacements.<ref name=":1" /> This meant that they frequently violated Soviet airspace; however, the J26's excellent maximum speed allowed them to escape from any pursuing Soviet fighters of the time. In 1950, trials were conducted to test the effectiveness of bomb and rocket mounts on the J26; however, they were found to be ineffective so the J26 remained in its original intended role of interceptor and fighter.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

By 1952, the J26 was in the process of being phased out of service, replaced by the de Havilland [[A28B|Vampire]] and SAAB [[SAAB 29 Tunnan (Family)|J29]]. As a result, a large number of used airframes remained, which were sold to foreign buyers. In total, the Swedish armed forces procured 161 P-51 Mustangs; of these, 60 crashed and 8 were scrapped. The remaining aircraft were all sold to foreign buyers. Israel purchased 25 used J26s, the Dominican Republic purchased 42 airframes, and Nicaragua purchased 25 airframes. As a result, not a single J26 remained in Sweden. However, one Israeli Mustang was donated back to Sweden, and is now on display at the Swedish Air Force Museum, Linköping.<ref name=":0" />

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=p-51d-20-na_j26 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|PmCWy_oH1po|'''The King Above! J26 Mustang - Sweden - Review!''' - ''Jengar''|wra7I717TXk|'''J26 - Second Line Fighter To The Top''' - ''Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[P-51 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/405630-p-51d/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[wikipedia:North_American_P-51_Mustang|[Wikipedia] North American P-51 Mustang]]
* [http://mustang.gaetanmarie.com/articles/sweden.htm <nowiki>[MUSTANG!]</nowiki> Swedish Mustangs]

=== References ===
<references />

=== Works Cited ===

* Henriksson, L. (2010, March 17). J 26 – North American P-51 Mustang (1945 - 1954). Retrieved November 20, 2020, from <nowiki>http://www.avrosys.nu/aircraft/Jakt/114j26/114J26.htm</nowiki>
* K51d. (2008). Swedish Mustangs. Retrieved November 20, 2020, from <nowiki>http://mustang.gaetanmarie.com/articles/sweden.htm</nowiki>

{{AirManufacturer NAA}}
{{Sweden fighters}}

Yak-3 (France)

2023-10-13T04:53:10Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = French premium fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = Yak-3 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=yak-3_france
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

Normandie-Nieman was a Free French Air Force squadron that was created in 1942 and is quite famous. After Operation Barbarossa started, Soviet officials wanted their diplomats in France to return to the Soviet Union. This, along with Charles de Gaulle's ambition for French pilots to serve on all fronts of the war, led to the squadron also serving on the Eastern Front. The squadron arrived at Ivanovo Air Base in November 1942 and was trained with several Yak variants. Over the years, the squadron grew its kill tally to an impressive 200+ kills claimed. Nearing the end of the war, the squadron's main fighter was the Yak-3, which would also be used after the war. However, due to the lack of spare parts, many French Yak-3s were cannibalized to keep others airworthy until the situation was untenable. Soon after, they were retired, with one surviving in an airport to this day. The squadron still lives as well and now flies Dassault Rafales.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was introduced as a premium fighter during [[Update 1.77 "Advancing Storm"]]. The Yak-3 is an incredibly dangerous aircraft with its excellent performance, handling, and guns. Like many Yakolev fighters, the Yak-3 is no exception to being able to manoeuver well. It has very good manoeuvring energy retention, and the climb rate is also quite high at over 21 m/s. However, Soviet fighters were typically suited for low altitude, and the Yak-3 drops off in power at 5,000 metres and above (16,200 feet). Furthermore, since the Yak-3 is made out of wood, it has a low structural limit of 685 km/h (425 mph), so players need to be extra careful when going into dives. The Yak-3 is an excellent fighter for players to learn energy fighting and basic dogfighting tactics.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,100 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 633 || 615 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 18.3 || 18.9 || 17.9 || 17.9 || rowspan="2" | 348
|-
! Upgraded
| 674 || 654 || 17.2 || 17.4 || 24.3 || 21.3
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || 320 || ~12 || ~9
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 380 || < 420 || < 490 || > 340
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8.5 mm steel behind pilot
* 10 mm steel on top of rear cockpit
* 64 mm bulletproof
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 under pilot, 1 in each wing)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|ShVAK (20 mm)|Berezin UB (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 20 mm ShVAK cannon, nose-mounted (120 rpg)
* 2 x 12.7 mm Berezin UB machine guns, nose-mounted (150 rpg = 300 total)

== Usage in battles ==

The Yak-3 is the pinnacle of the piston engine Yakovlev design, with a much more powerful engine, the addition of a second MG (meaning the MGs are viable now!), though metal wings were not yet added until the Yak-9. The coolant system, now actually somewhat effective, has been moved to the wing roots (no "smiley face" below the nose), making the plane more streamlined. The cannon - the same old 20 mm ShVak - receives a pleasant upgrade: very effective Air Targets belts.

Boasting incredible engine performance on a light and agile airframe, you can easily climb with, or even outclimb your contemporary fighters, allowing you maintain an energy advantage over some at the start of a match. Unlike some of the other energy-fighters you will come across (Bf-109s and such), the Yak-3 has incredible maneuverability compared to them, found in its roll rate and turn radius. Its energy retention and engine power alone allow you to almost indefinitely hold a horizontal turn, making this plane an excellent dogfighter and can let you play both as a turn-fighter of sorts or a dedicated energy-fighter.

Flight performance of the Yak-3 is outstanding. While it can't out-turn the likes of a Zero, or execute Boom-and-Zoom tactics as well as a Bf-109, it can certainly handle nearly everything it will face. This plane truly excels at long and slow dogfights, where the engine power will allow you to recover from any turn with ease. The landing flaps, albeit rather weak, making stall-fighting and turning effectively under 300 km/h trivial, and will certainly help when dealing with enemies that outclass you in one area. The Yak can easily handle said stall maneuvers, and low-speed turns you may find yourself in. Most planes will have lost most of their speed and will struggle to accelerate in these conditions, making maneuvers like the high yo-yo absurdly useful.

Always beware of true turn-fighters (Spitfires, Zeros), as they may be able to take you down before you can force them to bleed energy. It is generally recommended to maintain an energy advantage (altitude is best), so they can never have a fight on their own terms. If in a dogfight with a turn-fighter, the Yak's agility can be a major aid in staying out of your opponent's flight path, so capitalize on this as best you can. As stated above, forcing your enemy to turn while staying untouched can allowing you to pull maneuvers quickly and accelerate when speed is needed to get on your enemies tail.

Even with the climbing performance the Yak offers, bomber-hunting isn't recommended. You have a very limited ammunition supply making even extending dogfights with more than one enemy stressful. Thankfully, the weapons you get won't disappoint. Both your gun and cannon have good muzzle velocities with high rates of fire, and are effective all-around. Try to only hold bursts of a few rounds at a time to maximize damage potential while preserving ammo for later fights.

While certainly outperformed in areas like turn rates and BnZ potential, the Yak can accomplish any feat with proper skill from the pilot, making for one of the best multirole fighters currently in-game.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Stellar engine performance
* Stall and vertical maneuvers are effective and easy
* Energy retention is on-par with Bf-109s
* Surprisingly very agile, with a great turn and roll rate
* Doesn't struggle or begin to feel sluggish at low speeds
* Effective armament
* Great acceleration

'''Cons:'''

* Mediocre rip speed - worsened by its powerful engine
* No combat flaps, only equipped with landing flaps
* No WEP, engine overheats at 100%
* Poor engine performance above 5 km
* Long bursts and bomber-hunting will quickly drain your ammo pool

== History ==


The idea to produce a new fighter for the Red Army Air Force went as far back as 1941. It was then that the Yakovlev Design Bureau presented the I-30 prototype, intended an alternative to the earlier Yak-1 design. However, the German invasion of the USSR, as well as aluminium shortages, meant that the project had to be put on hold. Yakovlev resumed the development in 1943 while working on an upgraded version of the Yak-1 fighter. This time, it was decided that a new aircraft should be produced to completely replace the Yak-1 and Yak-7 models.

By September 1943, yet another improved variant was ready, designated Yak-1M Dubler, on which the canvas skin on the tail section was replaced with 2 mm plywood, and oil and water radiators were improved. The Dubler also had a new mastless antenna, a ring sight instead of a reflector sight, improved armour and a new propeller. Test pilots were impressed by the new prototype. Their report stated in part: "''Yak-1M possessed excellent horizontal, and especially vertical, manoeuvrability. Top speed greatly improved compared to earlier serial-production Yaks. Despite the improved performance, the aircraft remains easy to fly and does not require extensive pilot training''."

The new machine was dubbed as the Yak-3 and entered service with the Red Army Air Force in 1944. The Yak-3 was a further modification of the Yak-1, produced in 1944 and 1945, with a total of 4,848 built, and considered one of the best fighters of the war.

The new fighter quickly became very popular with Soviet pilots. They highly praised its solid armament of two Berezin UBS 12.7 mm machine guns and one ShVAK 20 mm cannon as well as ease of piloting and superb low-altitude performance. Marcel Albert, the top scoring French ace of World War II, cited the Yak-3 as one of the best fighters of the war, along with the P-51 Mustang and the Supermarine Spitfire. After the war, the Yak-3 was also used by the Air Forces of Socialist Yugoslavia and Poland.<ref name="forum">[[wt:en/news/2693--en|[Aircraft Profile] Yak-3]]</ref>

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=yak-3_france Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|DWfx4FGgO50|'''Premium Review: {{PAGENAME}} [Brilliant Beauty!]"''' - ''Jengar''|A5zB4uwfnsk|'''Premium Review. {{PAGENAME}}. An effective Bruiser''' - ''Joseph 2000''|ZQ0XIBPcF4E|'''The Shooting Range #73''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 08:54 discusses the {{PAGENAME}} and the Nomandie-Niemen Regiment.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/78309-yakovlev-yak-3-1944/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

=== References ===
<references />

{{AirManufacturer Yakovlev}}
{{France fighters}}
{{France premium aircraft}}

Me 410 B-2/U4

2023-10-13T04:27:00Z

U48664895: Added usage in battles section

{{About
| about = German strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Me 410 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=me-410b-2_u4
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_Me_410_B-2_U4.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The Me 410 B was planned to be fitted with the DB 603G engine and a few other improvements. However, due to the shortage of the new engine, early production of the Me 410 B instead utilized the regular DB 603A found in the Me 410 A. Some Me 410 B's received an oxygen system for high-altitude flights as well as a better undercarriage. The Me 410 B-2/U4 Zerstörer (Destroyer in German) was fitted with a 5 cm cannon mounted in the chin of the nose. Around 130 planes of this variant were produced, 80 built at Messerschmitt's factory and the rest built at Dornier's factory. In addition to the giant cannon, it also had two 20 mm MG 151 cannons as part of the Waffenbehӓlter conversion set.

In the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27, the '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a fairly decent ground attacker. The BK 5 cannon has access to both HVAP and AP shells, the latter being extremely effective from top down into tanks. The B-2/U4 variant also has two 20 mm MG 151 cannons mounted in the nose which complements the main cannon. For defense, the Me 410 B has two single 13 mm turrets, one mounted on each side of the fuselage. All around, the Me 410 B-2/U4 has a fairly decent set of guns but does lack bombs and rockets.

== General info ==
[[File:Cockpit_Me410.jpg|thumbnail|right|250px|The Me 410's instrument panel.]]
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Me 410 B-2/U4 has okay performance. Since the more powerful DB 603G engine was cancelled, the Me 410Bs retained the DB 603A engine found in many of the earlier Me 410s. This, in combination with the various armour plates scattered throughout the aircraft, does not help its performance. The acceleration is quite poor and the turn rate suffers compared to some attackers like the IL-2, which can turn tight with sufficient energy. With a climb rate of only 10.8 meters per second, the Me 410B's climb performance leaves much to be desired. However, the Me 410B does have a good structural speed limit of 750 km/h (466 mph), which is fairly good for an attacker; but many fighters will be able to reach or exceed this speed limit safely. This leaves Me 410 pilots vulnerable and there is not much one can do to evade a fighter. Overall, players should not hold high expectations for the performance of the Me 410.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,750 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 578 || 560 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.2 || 32.1 || 7.9 || 7.8 || rowspan="2" | 520
|-
! Upgraded
| 625 || 600 || 28.9 || 30.0 || 14.3 || 10.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 457 || 428 || 280 || ~12 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 360 || < 360 || < 460 || > 265
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

Like many attackers, the Me 410 B-2/U4 is no exception in terms of having armour. It has eight steel plates covering vital areas like the cockpit, engines, and wings. Although this heavily hampers performance, each plate is over 5 mm thick which is quite good since many enemy aircraft at its battle rating lack cannons. A 60 mm bulletproof glass panel can also be found in front of the pilot. The Me 410 B-2/U4 has six fuel tanks, four mounted near the wing roots and the rest mounted further outboard. All six tanks are self-sealing which helps with survivability against incendiary rounds. Overall, the Me 410 has some impressive armour which does a fairly decent job of protecting vital components and areas.

* 8 mm Steel - Nose armour
* 60 mm Bulletproof Glass
* 12 mm Steel - Headrest
* 8 mm Steel - Cockpit mid plate
* 8 mm Steel - Rear gunner plate
* 9 mm Steel - Rear boom armour plate
* 9 mm Steel - Liquid cooling protective armour
* 5 mm Steel - Wing leading edge armour
* 8 mm Steel - Engine nacelle fore and aft plates

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}
Firstly, players should research the flight performance mods at tier one. The stock belt for the MG 131 turrets is more than sufficient for defense against enemy fighters and use against ground targets. Once tier two is unlocked, players should immediately begin researching the BK 5 50 mm cannon belt modification. The stock belt is 50% HE and 50% AP which forces Me 410 B-2/U4 pilots to switch between a soft and armoured target or an enemy aircraft. The belt modification will add three additional belts, which will be up to the player to choose. After that, players should go through the rest of the performance mods. It would be a good idea to also research the MG 151 belt modification, as the stock belts for those cannons are generally weak. Once tier four is opened, the BK 5 new cannon modification will be researchable. This modification is extremely important for accuracy, and since the BK 5 cannon only has 22 rounds, it is greatly needed. Once researched, players are generally free to choose how they want to research the rest of the modification.
== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|BK 5 (50 mm)|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 50 mm BK 5 cannon, nose-mounted (22 rpg)
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, nose-mounted (350 rpg = 700 total)
The Me 410 B-2/U4 comes armed with three offensive guns: two 20 mm MG 151 cannons and a single 50 mm BK 5 cannon, all nose-mounted. The main feature of the B-2/U4 is the 50 mm cannon that has access to four different types of belts. In real life, the BK 5 mainly served one purpose, which was to attack Allied heavy bomber formations. However, in-game, it has a combination of rounds, including HEI-T (high explosive incendinary tracer), AP-T (armour piercing tracer), and HVAP-T (high velocity armour piercing tracer). The default belt has a 50/50 composition of AP-T and HEI-T. The three other belts are more specialized belts for each of the rounds previously mentioned.

For air targets, players should utilize the air target belt with a full composition of HEI-T belts for the BK 5 cannon. The HEI-T round has over 400 grams of TNT equivalent, which is more than enough to down any fighter or bomber. However, with a fire rate of only 50 rounds per minute, players need to aim carefully due to the long delay with the autoloader. Due to the limited ammunition for the BK 5 cannon, players should more or less reserve the MG 151 cannons for this role. The air target belt has an almost full HE composition, which is quite dangerous against enemy aircraft. Furthermore, it has a much higher rate of fire and more ammunition.

For ground targets, players can also use both of the cannons. The BK 5 cannon should be reserved for heavily armoured targets like light pillboxes or medium to heavy tanks. Two armoured piercing rounds are available for the BK 5 cannon: HVAP-T and AP-T. HVAP-T is a solid shot projectile with no explosive filler within the shell, so players have to be spot-on with rounds against tanks. It does come with the benefit of higher flat penetration, but suffers at longer ranges. The AP-T round has 28.9 grams of explosive filler and can penetrate up to 106 mm of armour. Although it may seem less, it has more penetration at ranges above 700 metres over the HVAP-T round. This is also a much more common engagement distance, so players should stick to the AP-T belt. For soft ground targets like AA positions, the MG 151 cannons will do just fine.
=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 13 mm MG 131 machine gun, 2 x beam turrets (500 rpg)
The Me 410 B-2/U4 comes armed with the standard two single 13.2 mm MG 131 machine gun turrets mounted on either side of the fuselage. They have a fairly decent firing arc. However, the firing arc for both turrets firing is very small. Enemy aircraft would have to be almost directly behind the Me 410, so players are usually stuck with only one MG 131 firing on the target. Furthermore, the MG 131 has a relatively low velocity, so landing successful shots will be difficult at long range. The MG 131 turrets can be used against ground targets quite easily thanks to the larger shells being fired. Compared to a 7.62 machine gun turret, it will only take a few rounds to knock out a soft ground target. Overall, the MG 131 turrets will be quite difficult to use against enemy aircraft, but they are effective against ground targets after making a pass.
== Usage in battles ==

In Air Realistic Battles, Me 410 B-2/U4 players can go for either enemy aircraft or ground targets. Since all the cannons have an air target belt, players can easily down an enemy fighter or bomber with these selected. The B-2/U4 also comes with an attacker air spawn, which gives it a slight edge in coming into battle quickly. However, the lacklustre performance means that even with the airspawn, enemy fighters will still easily gain an altitude advantage. It will also be difficult to reach the air spawn altitude for long-range bombers. If used to attack enemy aircraft, Me 410 B-2/U4 players should side-climb till the enemy planes lose their altitude advantage or are in a furball. This playstyle is quite hard to pull off due to its poor performance, so players should stray away from it.

As for ground pounding, the Me 410 B-2/U4 can easily engage tanks and light pillboxes with the armoured target belts. It will only take one or two rounds to successfully take out AI tanks with the simplified damage model (usually just classified as heavy, medium, or light tank; detailed models will have a specific name). The BK 5 cannon should be reserved for heavily armoured targets, and the MG 151 cannons should be used for soft ground targets like howitzers or machine gun positions. Players should also keep a watchful eye out for enemy aircraft constantly.

Overall, players should select the air target belt for the MG 151 cannons and the armoured target belt (AP-T) for armoured targets. This provides a good balance between being able to engage enemy aircraft and ground targets.

In Ground Realistic Battles, players should treat it like an Air Realistic Battle. Keep an eye out for enemy planes spawning in, and select the AP-T armoured target belt to engage tanks. The AP-T round will be better suited for this due to the explosive filler. For maximum effectiveness, players should aim perpendicular to an enemy tank to get a good center-of-mass shot. A good rule of thumb is to fire from the side of tanks and towards the front of the vehicle.
=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Well protected nose and pilot
* 50 mm gun is capable of destroying heavy tanks (AP belt) and any kind of planes with a single shot (Air targets belt)
* Very accurate 50 mm gun, if used properly
* Good climbing rate and starting position, suitable for ground attack or intercepting bombers
* 2x13mm turret cover huge vertical angle
* Good in steep dives, has air brakes
* Can fly with one engine

'''Cons:'''

* Big plane, a perfect target for enemy fighters
* Fighting other planes requires good aiming skills
* Can't rely much on AI gunner, no good armour
* Very slow turning speed
* 600 km/h at 6,750 m is good, but in reality, you'll be equal or slower than Su-6 at lower heights
* Rather low ammo count for the 50 mm, inexperienced pilot can waste 22 shots pretty quick

== History ==


The Luftwaffe came to the conclusion that the Me 410 was dull and lacklustre in the bomber role. Other planes could do the job far better. As a result, many Me 410s were converted to the Zerstorer standard which was more focused on ground attacking. Zerstorer aircraft were usually fitted with more cannons (30 mm or 20 mm cannons) but some received the 50 mm BK 5 cannon. The Me 410 could still carry bombs but they were usually reserved for tanks and other ground vehicles.

The Me 410B was planned to essentially be the Me 410A but with the superior DB 603G engine. Unfortunately, those engines were needed by other aircraft and production started with the DB 603A engine. The 410B also features a strengthened undercarriage and modifications to carry more fuel. The Me 410Bs were also planned to be fitted with the 30 mm MK 103 cannon, but production issues delayed the cannon coming into service. Many early Me 410Bs were fitted with the Waffenbehalter (WB 151A) modification which allowed the installation of two 20 mm MG 151 cannons. The B-2/U4 had virtually the same armament as the Me 410A-1/U4: a single 50 mm cannon mounted on the centerline and two additional 20 mm cannons. Around 130 Me 410B-2/U4s were built, with 80 being built at Messerschmitt's factory and the rest at Dornier's.

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
April 1944 saw the Me 410 B version replace the Me 410 A on the assembly lines. The main distinction of this variant was its Daimler-Benz DB 603G twelve-cylinder, liquid-cooled engine. The new engines had an increased boost and compression ratio, which allowed a takeoff power of 1,900 hp.

The aircraft's armament was reinforced. The pair of 7.92 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 17 machine guns mounted in the nose section were replaced with the same number of the more powerful and efficient 13 mm large-calibre Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 131 machine guns.

Me 410 B planes could now have two additional 300-litre fuel tanks suspended under their wing panels, and the main landing gear legs were extended.

Just as it was in the case of the Me 410 A, two main versions of the aircraft saw full-scale production: the Me 410 B-1 high-speed bomber and the Me 410 B-2 "destroyer". Various Rüstsatz and Umbausatz kits were used on these aircraft.

The Me 410 B-1/U2 and the Me 410 B-1/U4 had armament corresponding to the same versions of the A-1 modification: either a pair of 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons (the U2 kit), or a 50 mm Rheinmetall BK 5 cannon (the U4 kit).

The Me 410 B-2/U2 version of the aircraft had a WB 151 ventral container with two more 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons.

In addition to the 50 mm Rheinmetall BK 5 cannon mounted in the bomb bay, Me 410 B-2/U4 planes had a pair of 30 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 103 cannons installed. To make room, their 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannon and 13 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 131 machine guns were removed. About a hundred such kits were delivered to the Luftwaffe's troops on the front lines.

Several more "field modification kits" for the Me 410 B-2 were developed for the purpose of fighting Allied bombers. The R2 kit included a WB 108 container with two 30 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 108 cannons. The R3 kit also allowed the mounting of additional 30 mm cannons of a different type (Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 103) in a WB 103 container.

In addition to a WB 151 container, planes equipped with the R4 kit received two additional 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons mounted under the fuselage. Planes with the R5 kit received a container with four Mauser MG 151/20 cannons, mounted in the bomb bay.

In April 1944, several Me 410 B-2/U4 aircraft received a 37 mm Rheinmetall BK 3.7 aircraft anti-tank cannon for trial.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=me-410b-2_u4 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/227208-messerschmitt-me-410-b-2u4/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer BFW}}
{{Germany strike aircraft}}

NC.900

2023-10-12T03:15:10Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = French fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = the German version
| link-1 = Fw 190 A-8
| usage-2 = other versions
| link-2 = Fw 190 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=fw-190a-8_france
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The SNCAC NC.900 had its beginnings quite early in the war. Cravant, a chalk quarry, was abandoned until a French builder saw the quarry as a place for an aircraft factory. However, that plan wouldn't come to fruition due to the German invasion. The quarry was left alone for quite a while until the Germans utilized the quarry as a repair facility for their [[Fw 190 (Family)|Fw 190]]s. As the tides turned in the war and Germany was pushed back from France, the repairmen at the quarry had to destroy all the Fw 190s that would be left behind. That plan failed and left many Fw 190s intact, and they were soon discovered by French forces. Due to the large number of aircraft and parts, it was decided to utilize the Fw 190 and redesignate it as the NC.900. Many NC.900s were hobbled together from different Focke-Wulf variants and would prove consequential later. After the first unit was assigned to the NC.900, problems quickly began. Sabotage and reliability issues plagued the NC.900s. Furthermore, the squadron flying them, Normanie-Niemen, hated the Fw 190 due to fighting them earlier in the war. It was quickly removed from service, and many were scrapped.

Introduced during [[Update 1.75 "La Résistance"]] as a reward for the [[wt:en/news/5224-special-festive-quest-en|2017 "Festive Quest"]] event, the '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a very unique aircraft. Although plagued with issues in real life, in-game it is quite a decent aircraft. It features excellent weaponry and decent performance. It has four wing-mounted 20 mm [[MG 151/20 (20 mm)|MG 151]] cannons and two nose-mounted 13 mm machine guns. They can easily destroy enemy aircraft with a tiny burst with the air target belt. The guns also have plentiful ammunition, so players can be more generous with firing. As for performance, the NC.900 lacks climb rate and acceleration. It also has a poor turn rate, and flaps must be used to stay competitive with enemy fighters. However, it does make up for these deficiencies with an excellent roll rate and a structural speed limit of over 900 km/h (562 mph). Overall, the NC.900 is a decent aircraft, but it does take getting used to its unique playstyle.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 622 || 601 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 24.2 || 25.3 || 10.2 || 10.2 || rowspan="2" | 450
|-
! Upgraded
| 687 || 652 || 21.4 || 22.8 || 19.5 || 14.1
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 700 || 310 || ~12 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 420 || < 300 || < 550 || > 320
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 700 m || 1,498 hp || 1,874 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,300 m || 1,301 hp || 1,628 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 57 mm Bulletproof glass in front of the cockpit.
* 3-5 mm Steel plates in front of oil cooling system.
* 6 mm Steel plate under the radial engine.
* 12 mm Steel plate in pilot's headrest, and a 8 + 6 mm steel plates behind the pilot.
* 8 mm Steel plate under the cockpit.
* 5 mm Steel plate behind the fuel tank.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, wing-mounted (140 rpg outer + 250 rpg inner = 780 total)
* 2 x 13 mm MG 131 machine guns, nose-mounted (400 rpg = 800 total)

The four cannons are arranged in bundles of two mounted in each wing. The two outer cannons have 110 less rounds compared to the two inner cannons and will run empty first. The two machine guns are mounted in the nose of the aircraft have the same amount of ammunition and will deplete at the same time if out of ammo.

== Usage in battles ==

Flying the NC.900 tends to be very defensive and relies on neutralising an enemy's energy advantage and capitalising on the plane's advantages. Manoeuvres that work well include the Split-S, Chandelle and anything that requires a high rate of roll. One of these is to dive and roll in a single direction whilst applying rudder. This causes a very tight barrel roll that few aircraft can hope to gain a firing solution on. Another way to clear the NC.900's six is to pitch steeply up and roll over forcing an overshoot and potentially giving a firing solution. It's possible to dismember superior aircraft simply because of the roll rate and firepower this plane possesses. If skilled enough to press for a gun solution when scissoring an enemy, it could be greatly rewarded.

In summary, climb to the side, BnZ steadily, never get in a sustained turn fight, and use the roll rate to outgame the enemy when cornered.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil
! Water
! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great roll rate at all speeds.
* Good energy retention (though somewhat poor compared to [[Spitfire_LF_Mk_IX|Spitfire LF Mk IX]] in the BnZ role).
* Excellent high speed control.
* Heavy armament, with plenty of ammunition.
* Well armoured from the front, especially cockpit.
* Small and rugged air-frame.
* Has interceptor airspawn.

'''Cons:'''

* Poor acceleration at all altitudes.
* Poor turn time and energy retention in turns.
* Poor control at low speed.
* Rate of climb is mediocre.
* Bad at altitude performance.
* Very bricky to fly in general.

== History ==


The '''SNCAC NC.900''' was a French version of the Focke-Wulf Fw 190, constructed from a number of abandoned Fw 190A-5 and A-8 airframes found in the former chalk quarry of Cravant after the Liberation of France.

The chalk quarry of Cravant was used for about 800 years for mining chalkstone, used in the construction of local buildings. After the quarry was abandoned in 1935, centuries of extractions of chalk had resulted in large underground caverns. During 1939, the French constructor ''Loire et Olivier'' became interested in the abandoned quarry, seeing the underground caverns as an ideal location to construct an additional aircraft factory. Before any airframe could be built at the Cravant installation, the Germans managed to occupy France, and for a couple of years, the installations at Cravant lay dormant. However, following the intensification of the Allied bombing offensive in 1943, the Germans started looking at alternative repair depots, and the installations at Cravant were reactivated. Following preparations, the repair facilities at Cravant were taken in use on February 6th 1944 as the ''Sonderreparaturbetrieb G.L & Elbag Lager 918 Auxerre'', also known as the ''Frontrepareturbetrieb 918''. Cravant soon became the main repair works for Focke-Wulf Fw 190s on the Western Front.

Over the next 6 months, about 163 Focke Wulf 190s were repaired at Cravant until the region was liberated by Allied forces on August 18th 1944. The German Forces tried to destroy the facilities before abandoning them by setting them on fire, however, according to local legends, the fire was asphyxiated through a lack of oxygen in the underground caverns. As such, when the factory was discovered by the Allied forces, they discovered 156 sets of wings and 112 fuselages of various marques of Focke Wulf Fw 190, including Fw 190 A-3s, A-4s, A-5s, A-6s, A-7s, A-8s, F-8s and G-3s. A large number of these fuselages were in a damaged state, either through pre-existing damage which had seen the aircraft end up at the facility in the first place or through damage caused by the fire set by the retreating German forces. After an inventory was made, it was found that of 112 fuselages about 70 to 75 were more or less in a useable state. With a large supply of available parts and a need for fighter planes, the decision was taken to rebuild a number of Focke Wulfs for use by French units.

Assembly of the airframes was started under the supervision of the ''Société Nationale de Construction Aéronautique du Centre'' (SNCAC), and the French-built Fw 190s were given the new designation of NC.900. Despite using a mixture of A-5, A-6 and A-8 fuselages and wings, no separate designations were given to the two variants; the main problem faced by the SNCAC was a lack of BMW 801 engines, necessitating the use of a large stock of engines built by the French Voisin factories. However, at the time it was not fully understood that these engines, built during the German occupation, had been subtly sabotaged by the French labourers, often in such a way that the sabotage could not be determined unless one knew where to look.

The first NC.900 flew on March 16th 1945, and the first aircraft was officially accepted by the French Air Force on May 11th 1945. The first unit which would be converted to the NC.900 was the Groupe du Chasse III/5 : the legendary ''Normandie-Niemen'' group which had arrived from the Soviet Union to France on June 20th 1945, and which in the first few months after its return had been flying the Yakolev Yak 3 with which the unit had returned from the Soviet Union. As spares for these aircraft were impossible to come by in France, and the unit's aircraft had one by one been cannibalised to keep them flying, the decision was made to assign the NC.900 to them first - and that could not have been a worse choice. After all, ''Normandie-Niemen'' had just spent three years on the Eastern Front, where they had fought intense battles against the Focke-Wulf Fw 190s of JG51 and had lost many of their comrades to the Butcher Bird's guns. As a result, the pilots hated the Fw 190/NC.900 and thoroughly disliked flying it. Despite their protests, the unit was officially converted to NC.900 on February 1st 1946.

Due to the way in which the NC.900s had been assembled at Cravant - using numerous parts of various variants without any real attempt at matching parts - the end result was that the NC.900 proved to be an unbalanced and unstable aircraft, with each separate airframe having distinctly different flying characteristics. Additionally, sabotage to both engines and individual parts meant that numerous incidents soon started happening with the NC.900s; added to that the pilots of ''Normandie-Niemen'' had been used to flying the lighter and more nimble Yak fighters, and conversion to the 'hated' Butcher Bird proved more problematic than expected. A series of incidents, accidents and mechanical breakdowns - often due to failure of sabotaged parts or engines - soon gave the NC.900 a very bad reputation, and already two weeks after its official introduction into service, on February 18th, the decision was taken to end production of the type, with the type being grounded in April pending thorough inspections. This resulted in a partial lifting of the ban, and 9 airframes were greenlit for service in July of 1946, but only one of them appears to have flown until the NC.900 was permanently grounded on November 1st 1946. The circa 70 NC.900s built flew barely 100 hours in service between February 1st and November 1st 1946.

Following the permanent flight ban of the NC.900s, the remaining airframes were scrapped except for one which now stands as an Fw 190 at the ''Musée de l'Air et de l'Espace'' at Bourget; France's remaining stock of Focke Wulf spare parts was subsequently sold to Turkey to keep its remaining Fw 190A-3a's flying (they, in turn, were withdrawn from service towards the end of 1947).

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=fw-190a-8_france Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="200">
File:NC.900 Alt Camo.png|"Non-standard bicolor camouflage pattern", given during the event
File:NC.900 Tail.png|Close-up on unique tail marking
</gallery>

== See also ==

; Equivalent aircraft from the [[Fw 190 (Family)|Fw 190]] lineage:
* [[Fw 190 A-8]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/129411-fw-190-a-8-sncac-nc900/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20211023162452/https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/129411-fw-190-a-8-sncac-nc900/ Archive])
* [https://www.histavia21.net/Cravant/cravant.htm [Histavia21 website<nowiki>]</nowiki> CRAVANT, L' USINE SOUTERRAINE Focke Wulf 190 et NC 900] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20211023162556/https://www.histavia21.net/Cravant/cravant.htm Archive])
* [https://www.aviationsmilitaires.net/v2/base/view/Variant/6596.html [Aviationsmilitares website<nowiki>]</nowiki> SNCAC NC.900] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20211023162645/https://aviationsmilitaires.net/v3/kb/aircraft/show/17293/sncac-nc900 Archive])
* [https://www.avionslegendaires.net/avion-militaire/sncac-nc-900/ [Avionslegendaries website<nowiki>]</nowiki> SNCAC NC.900] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20211023162701/https://www.avionslegendaires.net/avion-militaire/sncac-nc-900/ Archive])

{{AirManufacturer SNCAC}}
{{France fighters}}
{{France premium aircraft}}
{{Winter Event}}

F-6C-10-NA

2023-10-12T02:35:28Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{Specs-Card
|code=p-51c-10_france
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=id50180_f_6c_10_na_france
}}

== Description ==

The P-51C/F-6C was a giant improvement over previous Mustangs. It had finally begun a new era of Mustangs that would be powered by the Merlin engine. The idea was spurred on in 1942, and P-51 Mustang airframes were shortly redesigned to fit the new engine. The airframe was strengthened, and certain control surfaces were changed. Merlin-powered P-51Cs would be one of the best-performing aircraft of their time, rivaling German aircraft like the Fw 190 and Bf 109. It was also a big improvement over the Allison-powered Mustangs, which lacked significant high-altitude performance. Due to the power increase, the P-51Cs also had their suspended armament weight limit increased, and more fuel tanks were added. A big 246-litre (65-gal) tank sat behind the pilot to increase the range. The F-6C was essentially a P-51C with two cameras for reconnaissance duties. The aircraft was quite popular and soon saw service with France, who conducted recon missions over Germany late in the war.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was introduced during [[Update "Wind of Change"]] as a vehicle reward for [[Battle Pass: Season VII, "Armoured Elephant"]]. The main difference between the F-6C and previous Mustangs is its performance. The Packard-Merlin engine breathed new life into the Mustang due to its superior power at many altitudes. It was much faster and could climb far better. However, it retains the same armament as previous Mustangs, with four 12.7 mm machine guns mounted in the wings. Since the F-6 was intended for photo-reconnaissance duties, it lacks any provisions for suspended armament. The redesigned canopy also provides more visibility and more room. Much like many other P-51s, the F-6C excels in boom and zoom tactics, and players should not engage in dogfights unless it is absolutely necessary.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 7,300 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 684 || 665 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 22.0 || 22.7 || 12.9 || 12.9 || rowspan="2" | 300
|-
! Upgraded
| 734 || 708 || 20.5 || 21.0 || 20.2 || 16.2
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 853  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 676 || 676 || 433 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 300 || < 550 || > 400
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 38 mm Bulletproof glass - Windshield
* 11.11 mm Steel - Behind pilot's seat
* 6.35 mm Steel - Behind engine, in front of oil cooling system and pilot
* 6.35 mm Steel - In front of upper engine
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 in each wing, 1 behind pilot)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, wing-mounted (280 rpg outer + 350 rpg inner = 1,260 total)

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}
The overheating issue of the plane can be completely negated with use of manual engine controls. Note that due to its use of the Meredith effect, the radiator of the F-6C-10-NA produces almost no drag regardless of how wide it is opened.

* Set the propeller pitch to 90-95%
* Set the water radiator to 100% and oil cooler to 80%. Both can be reduced as you climb to higher altitudes

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent top speed and acceleration
* Excellent dive speed and acceleration
* Excellent boom and zoom capability
* Great high altitude performance
* Great climb rate
* Good turning ability at high speeds

'''Cons:'''

* 4x 12.7mm M2 Browning machine guns with late war belts, while generally adequate, may sometimes be lacking, especially against armored or large aircraft
* Below average roll rate
* High stall speed
* Mediocre manoeuvrability at medium to low speeds
* Wing mounted guns, therefore convergence is a small issue
* No payloads at all (therefore no bombs or rockets for ground attack)

== History ==


F-6C-10-NA reconnaissance fighters were converted from serial P-51C-10-NT Mustangs by installing photographic equipment. The F-6 series is a Photo Reconnaissance modification of the P-51A, P-51B, P-51C, P-51D & P-51K. The exact number of P-51s converted to F-6s is not known, but it is believed to be around 500 units.<ref>http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/weapons_F-6_Mustang.html</ref>

Other Members of this Family Include the F-6B-NA (35 Converted P-51A), F-6C-NT (Unknown Number of Converted P-51C), F-6D-NA/NT (283 Converted P-51D), and the F-6K-NT (163 Converted P-51K)

In-Game, the F-6C-NA is a P-51B-10-NA modified with a Malcolm Hood, which balloons outwards and increases both headroom & side visibility. The Malcolm hood was used mostly by the RAF and their Mustang III's, though American use of the Malcolm hood did occur, the majority remained with the original Canopy design.

===[[wt:en/news/7655-development-battle-pass-vehicles-f-6c-10-nt-en|Devblog]]===
The first field modifications of the P-51 Mustang series for tactical photo reconnaissance appeared in the UK in 1941. In 1942, the United States began their conversion of P-51 Mustang fighters of various series into a reconnaissance fighter by equipping them with one or two bulky K-24 cameras manufactured by Kodak. These aircraft were used by the US Air Force, Britain, Australia, and were also delivered abroad under the Lend-Lease program. The reconnaissance Mustang was actively used during the Allied offensive in Europe, as well as in Tunisia and in the Pacifics.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=p-51c-10_france Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|IfxpIFoBLoc|'''Battle Pass: Armoured Elephant''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 01:52 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[P-51 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7655-development-battle-pass-vehicles-f-6c-10-nt-en|[Devblog] Battle Pass vehicles: F-6C-10-NT]]

=== References ===
<references />

{{AirManufacturer NAA}}
{{France fighters}}
{{France premium aircraft}}

Me 410 B-2/U4

2023-10-12T01:44:15Z

U48664895: Added offensive armament section

{{About
| about = German strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Me 410 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=me-410b-2_u4
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_Me_410_B-2_U4.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The Me 410 B was planned to be fitted with the DB 603G engine and a few other improvements. However, due to the shortage of the new engine, early production of the Me 410 B instead utilized the regular DB 603A found in the Me 410 A. Some Me 410 B's received an oxygen system for high-altitude flights as well as a better undercarriage. The Me 410 B-2/U4 Zerstörer (Destroyer in German) was fitted with a 5 cm cannon mounted in the chin of the nose. Around 130 planes of this variant were produced, 80 built at Messerschmitt's factory and the rest built at Dornier's factory. In addition to the giant cannon, it also had two 20 mm MG 151 cannons as part of the Waffenbehӓlter conversion set.

In the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27, the '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a fairly decent ground attacker. The BK 5 cannon has access to both HVAP and AP shells, the latter being extremely effective from top down into tanks. The B-2/U4 variant also has two 20 mm MG 151 cannons mounted in the nose which complements the main cannon. For defense, the Me 410 B has two single 13 mm turrets, one mounted on each side of the fuselage. All around, the Me 410 B-2/U4 has a fairly decent set of guns but does lack bombs and rockets.

== General info ==
[[File:Cockpit_Me410.jpg|thumbnail|right|250px|The Me 410's instrument panel.]]
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Me 410 B-2/U4 has okay performance. Since the more powerful DB 603G engine was cancelled, the Me 410Bs retained the DB 603A engine found in many of the earlier Me 410s. This, in combination with the various armour plates scattered throughout the aircraft, does not help its performance. The acceleration is quite poor and the turn rate suffers compared to some attackers like the IL-2, which can turn tight with sufficient energy. With a climb rate of only 10.8 meters per second, the Me 410B's climb performance leaves much to be desired. However, the Me 410B does have a good structural speed limit of 750 km/h (466 mph), which is fairly good for an attacker; but many fighters will be able to reach or exceed this speed limit safely. This leaves Me 410 pilots vulnerable and there is not much one can do to evade a fighter. Overall, players should not hold high expectations for the performance of the Me 410.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,750 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 578 || 560 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.2 || 32.1 || 7.9 || 7.8 || rowspan="2" | 520
|-
! Upgraded
| 625 || 600 || 28.9 || 30.0 || 14.3 || 10.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 457 || 428 || 280 || ~12 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 360 || < 360 || < 460 || > 265
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

Like many attackers, the Me 410 B-2/U4 is no exception in terms of having armour. It has eight steel plates covering vital areas like the cockpit, engines, and wings. Although this heavily hampers performance, each plate is over 5 mm thick which is quite good since many enemy aircraft at its battle rating lack cannons. A 60 mm bulletproof glass panel can also be found in front of the pilot. The Me 410 B-2/U4 has six fuel tanks, four mounted near the wing roots and the rest mounted further outboard. All six tanks are self-sealing which helps with survivability against incendiary rounds. Overall, the Me 410 has some impressive armour which does a fairly decent job of protecting vital components and areas.

* 8 mm Steel - Nose armour
* 60 mm Bulletproof Glass
* 12 mm Steel - Headrest
* 8 mm Steel - Cockpit mid plate
* 8 mm Steel - Rear gunner plate
* 9 mm Steel - Rear boom armour plate
* 9 mm Steel - Liquid cooling protective armour
* 5 mm Steel - Wing leading edge armour
* 8 mm Steel - Engine nacelle fore and aft plates

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}
Firstly, players should research the flight performance mods at tier one. The stock belt for the MG 131 turrets is more than sufficient for defense against enemy fighters and use against ground targets. Once tier two is unlocked, players should immediately begin researching the BK 5 50 mm cannon belt modification. The stock belt is 50% HE and 50% AP which forces Me 410 B-2/U4 pilots to switch between a soft and armoured target or an enemy aircraft. The belt modification will add three additional belts, which will be up to the player to choose. After that, players should go through the rest of the performance mods. It would be a good idea to also research the MG 151 belt modification, as the stock belts for those cannons are generally weak. Once tier four is opened, the BK 5 new cannon modification will be researchable. This modification is extremely important for accuracy, and since the BK 5 cannon only has 22 rounds, it is greatly needed. Once researched, players are generally free to choose how they want to research the rest of the modification.
== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|BK 5 (50 mm)|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 50 mm BK 5 cannon, nose-mounted (22 rpg)
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, nose-mounted (350 rpg = 700 total)
The Me 410 B-2/U4 comes armed with three offensive guns: two 20 mm MG 151 cannons and a single 50 mm BK 5 cannon, all nose-mounted. The main feature of the B-2/U4 is the 50 mm cannon that has access to four different types of belts. In real life, the BK 5 mainly served one purpose, which was to attack Allied heavy bomber formations. However, in-game, it has a combination of rounds, including HEI-T (high explosive incendinary tracer), AP-T (armour piercing tracer), and HVAP-T (high velocity armour piercing tracer). The default belt has a 50/50 composition of AP-T and HEI-T. The three other belts are more specialized belts for each of the rounds previously mentioned.

For air targets, players should utilize the air target belt with a full composition of HEI-T belts for the BK 5 cannon. The HEI-T round has over 400 grams of TNT equivalent, which is more than enough to down any fighter or bomber. However, with a fire rate of only 50 rounds per minute, players need to aim carefully due to the long delay with the autoloader. Due to the limited ammunition for the BK 5 cannon, players should more or less reserve the MG 151 cannons for this role. The air target belt has an almost full HE composition, which is quite dangerous against enemy aircraft. Furthermore, it has a much higher rate of fire and more ammunition.

For ground targets, players can also use both of the cannons. The BK 5 cannon should be reserved for heavily armoured targets like light pillboxes or medium to heavy tanks. Two armoured piercing rounds are available for the BK 5 cannon: HVAP-T and AP-T. HVAP-T is a solid shot projectile with no explosive filler within the shell, so players have to be spot-on with rounds against tanks. It does come with the benefit of higher flat penetration, but suffers at longer ranges. The AP-T round has 28.9 grams of explosive filler and can penetrate up to 106 mm of armour. Although it may seem less, it has more penetration at ranges above 700 metres over the HVAP-T round. This is also a much more common engagement distance, so players should stick to the AP-T belt. For soft ground targets like AA positions, the MG 151 cannons will do just fine.
=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 13 mm MG 131 machine gun, 2 x beam turrets (500 rpg)
The Me 410 B-2/U4 comes armed with the standard two single 13.2 mm MG 131 machine gun turrets mounted on either side of the fuselage. They have a fairly decent firing arc. However, the firing arc for both turrets firing is very small. Enemy aircraft would have to be almost directly behind the Me 410, so players are usually stuck with only one MG 131 firing on the target. Furthermore, the MG 131 has a relatively low velocity, so landing successful shots will be difficult at long range. The MG 131 turrets can be used against ground targets quite easily thanks to the larger shells being fired. Compared to a 7.62 machine gun turret, it will only take a few rounds to knock out a soft ground target. Overall, the MG 131 turrets will be quite difficult to use against enemy aircraft, but they are effective against ground targets after making a pass.
== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Well protected nose and pilot
* 50 mm gun is capable of destroying heavy tanks (AP belt) and any kind of planes with a single shot (Air targets belt)
* Very accurate 50 mm gun, if used properly
* Good climbing rate and starting position, suitable for ground attack or intercepting bombers
* 2x13mm turret cover huge vertical angle
* Good in steep dives, has air brakes
* Can fly with one engine

'''Cons:'''

* Big plane, a perfect target for enemy fighters
* Fighting other planes requires good aiming skills
* Can't rely much on AI gunner, no good armour
* Very slow turning speed
* 600 km/h at 6,750 m is good, but in reality, you'll be equal or slower than Su-6 at lower heights
* Rather low ammo count for the 50 mm, inexperienced pilot can waste 22 shots pretty quick

== History ==


The Luftwaffe came to the conclusion that the Me 410 was dull and lacklustre in the bomber role. Other planes could do the job far better. As a result, many Me 410s were converted to the Zerstorer standard which was more focused on ground attacking. Zerstorer aircraft were usually fitted with more cannons (30 mm or 20 mm cannons) but some received the 50 mm BK 5 cannon. The Me 410 could still carry bombs but they were usually reserved for tanks and other ground vehicles.

The Me 410B was planned to essentially be the Me 410A but with the superior DB 603G engine. Unfortunately, those engines were needed by other aircraft and production started with the DB 603A engine. The 410B also features a strengthened undercarriage and modifications to carry more fuel. The Me 410Bs were also planned to be fitted with the 30 mm MK 103 cannon, but production issues delayed the cannon coming into service. Many early Me 410Bs were fitted with the Waffenbehalter (WB 151A) modification which allowed the installation of two 20 mm MG 151 cannons. The B-2/U4 had virtually the same armament as the Me 410A-1/U4: a single 50 mm cannon mounted on the centerline and two additional 20 mm cannons. Around 130 Me 410B-2/U4s were built, with 80 being built at Messerschmitt's factory and the rest at Dornier's.

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
April 1944 saw the Me 410 B version replace the Me 410 A on the assembly lines. The main distinction of this variant was its Daimler-Benz DB 603G twelve-cylinder, liquid-cooled engine. The new engines had an increased boost and compression ratio, which allowed a takeoff power of 1,900 hp.

The aircraft's armament was reinforced. The pair of 7.92 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 17 machine guns mounted in the nose section were replaced with the same number of the more powerful and efficient 13 mm large-calibre Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 131 machine guns.

Me 410 B planes could now have two additional 300-litre fuel tanks suspended under their wing panels, and the main landing gear legs were extended.

Just as it was in the case of the Me 410 A, two main versions of the aircraft saw full-scale production: the Me 410 B-1 high-speed bomber and the Me 410 B-2 "destroyer". Various Rüstsatz and Umbausatz kits were used on these aircraft.

The Me 410 B-1/U2 and the Me 410 B-1/U4 had armament corresponding to the same versions of the A-1 modification: either a pair of 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons (the U2 kit), or a 50 mm Rheinmetall BK 5 cannon (the U4 kit).

The Me 410 B-2/U2 version of the aircraft had a WB 151 ventral container with two more 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons.

In addition to the 50 mm Rheinmetall BK 5 cannon mounted in the bomb bay, Me 410 B-2/U4 planes had a pair of 30 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 103 cannons installed. To make room, their 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannon and 13 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 131 machine guns were removed. About a hundred such kits were delivered to the Luftwaffe's troops on the front lines.

Several more "field modification kits" for the Me 410 B-2 were developed for the purpose of fighting Allied bombers. The R2 kit included a WB 108 container with two 30 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 108 cannons. The R3 kit also allowed the mounting of additional 30 mm cannons of a different type (Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 103) in a WB 103 container.

In addition to a WB 151 container, planes equipped with the R4 kit received two additional 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons mounted under the fuselage. Planes with the R5 kit received a container with four Mauser MG 151/20 cannons, mounted in the bomb bay.

In April 1944, several Me 410 B-2/U4 aircraft received a 37 mm Rheinmetall BK 3.7 aircraft anti-tank cannon for trial.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=me-410b-2_u4 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/227208-messerschmitt-me-410-b-2u4/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer BFW}}
{{Germany strike aircraft}}

Me 410 B-2/U4

2023-10-11T04:13:14Z

U48664895: Added modifications/economy text section

{{About
| about = German strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Me 410 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=me-410b-2_u4
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_Me_410_B-2_U4.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The Me 410 B was planned to be fitted with the DB 603G engine and a few other improvements. However, due to the shortage of the new engine, early production of the Me 410 B instead utilized the regular DB 603A found in the Me 410 A. Some Me 410 B's received an oxygen system for high-altitude flights as well as a better undercarriage. The Me 410 B-2/U4 Zerstörer (Destroyer in German) was fitted with a 5 cm cannon mounted in the chin of the nose. Around 130 planes of this variant were produced, 80 built at Messerschmitt's factory and the rest built at Dornier's factory. In addition to the giant cannon, it also had two 20 mm MG 151 cannons as part of the Waffenbehӓlter conversion set.

In the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27, the '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a fairly decent ground attacker. The BK 5 cannon has access to both HVAP and AP shells, the latter being extremely effective from top down into tanks. The B-2/U4 variant also has two 20 mm MG 151 cannons mounted in the nose which complements the main cannon. For defense, the Me 410 B has two single 13 mm turrets, one mounted on each side of the fuselage. All around, the Me 410 B-2/U4 has a fairly decent set of guns but does lack bombs and rockets.

== General info ==
[[File:Cockpit_Me410.jpg|thumbnail|right|250px|The Me 410's instrument panel.]]
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Me 410 B-2/U4 has okay performance. Since the more powerful DB 603G engine was cancelled, the Me 410Bs retained the DB 603A engine found in many of the earlier Me 410s. This, in combination with the various armour plates scattered throughout the aircraft, does not help its performance. The acceleration is quite poor and the turn rate suffers compared to some attackers like the IL-2, which can turn tight with sufficient energy. With a climb rate of only 10.8 meters per second, the Me 410B's climb performance leaves much to be desired. However, the Me 410B does have a good structural speed limit of 750 km/h (466 mph), which is fairly good for an attacker; but many fighters will be able to reach or exceed this speed limit safely. This leaves Me 410 pilots vulnerable and there is not much one can do to evade a fighter. Overall, players should not hold high expectations for the performance of the Me 410.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,750 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 578 || 560 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.2 || 32.1 || 7.9 || 7.8 || rowspan="2" | 520
|-
! Upgraded
| 625 || 600 || 28.9 || 30.0 || 14.3 || 10.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 457 || 428 || 280 || ~12 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 360 || < 360 || < 460 || > 265
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

Like many attackers, the Me 410 B-2/U4 is no exception in terms of having armour. It has eight steel plates covering vital areas like the cockpit, engines, and wings. Although this heavily hampers performance, each plate is over 5 mm thick which is quite good since many enemy aircraft at its battle rating lack cannons. A 60 mm bulletproof glass panel can also be found in front of the pilot. The Me 410 B-2/U4 has six fuel tanks, four mounted near the wing roots and the rest mounted further outboard. All six tanks are self-sealing which helps with survivability against incendiary rounds. Overall, the Me 410 has some impressive armour which does a fairly decent job of protecting vital components and areas.

* 8 mm Steel - Nose armour
* 60 mm Bulletproof Glass
* 12 mm Steel - Headrest
* 8 mm Steel - Cockpit mid plate
* 8 mm Steel - Rear gunner plate
* 9 mm Steel - Rear boom armour plate
* 9 mm Steel - Liquid cooling protective armour
* 5 mm Steel - Wing leading edge armour
* 8 mm Steel - Engine nacelle fore and aft plates

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}
Firstly, players should research the flight performance mods at tier one. The stock belt for the MG 131 turrets is more than sufficient for defense against enemy fighters and use against ground targets. Once tier two is unlocked, players should immediately begin researching the BK 5 50 mm cannon belt modification. The stock belt is 50% HE and 50% AP which forces Me 410 B-2/U4 pilots to switch between a soft and armoured target or an enemy aircraft. The belt modification will add three additional belts, which will be up to the player to choose. After that, players should go through the rest of the performance mods. It would be a good idea to also research the MG 151 belt modification, as the stock belts for those cannons are generally weak. Once tier four is opened, the BK 5 new cannon modification will be researchable. This modification is extremely important for accuracy, and since the BK 5 cannon only has 22 rounds, it is greatly needed. Once researched, players are generally free to choose how they want to research the rest of the modification.
== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|BK 5 (50 mm)|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 50 mm BK 5 cannon, nose-mounted (22 rpg)
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, nose-mounted (350 rpg = 700 total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 13 mm MG 131 machine gun, 2 x beam turrets (500 rpg)
The Me 410 B-2/U4 comes armed with the standard two single 13.2 mm MG 131 machine gun turrets mounted on either side of the fuselage. They have a fairly decent firing arc. However, the firing arc for both turrets firing is very small. Enemy aircraft would have to be almost directly behind the Me 410, so players are usually stuck with only one MG 131 firing on the target. Furthermore, the MG 131 has a relatively low velocity, so landing successful shots will be difficult at long range. The MG 131 turrets can be used against ground targets quite easily thanks to the larger shells being fired. Compared to a 7.62 machine gun turret, it will only take a few rounds to knock out a soft ground target. Overall, the MG 131 turrets will be quite difficult to use against enemy aircraft, but they are effective against ground targets after making a pass.
== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Well protected nose and pilot
* 50 mm gun is capable of destroying heavy tanks (AP belt) and any kind of planes with a single shot (Air targets belt)
* Very accurate 50 mm gun, if used properly
* Good climbing rate and starting position, suitable for ground attack or intercepting bombers
* 2x13mm turret cover huge vertical angle
* Good in steep dives, has air brakes
* Can fly with one engine

'''Cons:'''

* Big plane, a perfect target for enemy fighters
* Fighting other planes requires good aiming skills
* Can't rely much on AI gunner, no good armour
* Very slow turning speed
* 600 km/h at 6,750 m is good, but in reality, you'll be equal or slower than Su-6 at lower heights
* Rather low ammo count for the 50 mm, inexperienced pilot can waste 22 shots pretty quick

== History ==


The Luftwaffe came to the conclusion that the Me 410 was dull and lacklustre in the bomber role. Other planes could do the job far better. As a result, many Me 410s were converted to the Zerstorer standard which was more focused on ground attacking. Zerstorer aircraft were usually fitted with more cannons (30 mm or 20 mm cannons) but some received the 50 mm BK 5 cannon. The Me 410 could still carry bombs but they were usually reserved for tanks and other ground vehicles.

The Me 410B was planned to essentially be the Me 410A but with the superior DB 603G engine. Unfortunately, those engines were needed by other aircraft and production started with the DB 603A engine. The 410B also features a strengthened undercarriage and modifications to carry more fuel. The Me 410Bs were also planned to be fitted with the 30 mm MK 103 cannon, but production issues delayed the cannon coming into service. Many early Me 410Bs were fitted with the Waffenbehalter (WB 151A) modification which allowed the installation of two 20 mm MG 151 cannons. The B-2/U4 had virtually the same armament as the Me 410A-1/U4: a single 50 mm cannon mounted on the centerline and two additional 20 mm cannons. Around 130 Me 410B-2/U4s were built, with 80 being built at Messerschmitt's factory and the rest at Dornier's.

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
April 1944 saw the Me 410 B version replace the Me 410 A on the assembly lines. The main distinction of this variant was its Daimler-Benz DB 603G twelve-cylinder, liquid-cooled engine. The new engines had an increased boost and compression ratio, which allowed a takeoff power of 1,900 hp.

The aircraft's armament was reinforced. The pair of 7.92 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 17 machine guns mounted in the nose section were replaced with the same number of the more powerful and efficient 13 mm large-calibre Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 131 machine guns.

Me 410 B planes could now have two additional 300-litre fuel tanks suspended under their wing panels, and the main landing gear legs were extended.

Just as it was in the case of the Me 410 A, two main versions of the aircraft saw full-scale production: the Me 410 B-1 high-speed bomber and the Me 410 B-2 "destroyer". Various Rüstsatz and Umbausatz kits were used on these aircraft.

The Me 410 B-1/U2 and the Me 410 B-1/U4 had armament corresponding to the same versions of the A-1 modification: either a pair of 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons (the U2 kit), or a 50 mm Rheinmetall BK 5 cannon (the U4 kit).

The Me 410 B-2/U2 version of the aircraft had a WB 151 ventral container with two more 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons.

In addition to the 50 mm Rheinmetall BK 5 cannon mounted in the bomb bay, Me 410 B-2/U4 planes had a pair of 30 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 103 cannons installed. To make room, their 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannon and 13 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 131 machine guns were removed. About a hundred such kits were delivered to the Luftwaffe's troops on the front lines.

Several more "field modification kits" for the Me 410 B-2 were developed for the purpose of fighting Allied bombers. The R2 kit included a WB 108 container with two 30 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 108 cannons. The R3 kit also allowed the mounting of additional 30 mm cannons of a different type (Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 103) in a WB 103 container.

In addition to a WB 151 container, planes equipped with the R4 kit received two additional 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons mounted under the fuselage. Planes with the R5 kit received a container with four Mauser MG 151/20 cannons, mounted in the bomb bay.

In April 1944, several Me 410 B-2/U4 aircraft received a 37 mm Rheinmetall BK 3.7 aircraft anti-tank cannon for trial.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=me-410b-2_u4 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/227208-messerschmitt-me-410-b-2u4/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer BFW}}
{{Germany strike aircraft}}

P-51A

2023-10-11T03:33:31Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = American fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = P-51 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=p-51a_tl
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_p-51a_tl.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The P-51A was one of the first variants of the P-51. It is quite similar to the [[A-36]], which is essentially a ground-attack-focused P-51. One of the main improvements of the P-51A over previous Mustangs is the uprated engine. The Allison V-1710-81 inline 12-cylinder engine could produce up to 1,200 hp and could sustain much of that at higher altitudes thanks to its supercharger. It was also fitted with a bigger propeller, which further increased performance. The P-51A would be one of the fastest fighters at the time, thanks to its unique design and powerful engine. In addition to its excellent performance, the P-51A was armed with four 12.7 mm machine guns in the wings. However, due to the thin wings and cramped nature, the machine guns had frequent jams. A significant number of P-51As were sent to the Royal Air Force and served for much of the war. Over 1,500 P-51As were produced until the superior Merlin engine was available for the Mustang.

Introduced as a reward vehicle for the [[wt:en/news/3480--en|2015 Thunder League]] event, the '''{{Specs|name}}''' it is an extremely rare aircraft. Since it is an early Mustang, it still features the Allison V-1710 engine. However, it had one of the best Allison engines before the switch to the Merlin engine, thanks to the addition of a supercharger. Combined with its relatively low battle rating, the P-51A is an excellent fighter. It excels with boom and zoom tactics thanks to its impressive dive performance, but players must note its compressibility. At lower altitudes, players need to be careful when performing aggressive dives. In addition, it's important to not engage in dogfights unless the enemy aircraft is at a major disadvantage or it is absolutely necessary.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

"The Need for Speed" is a worthy credo for all [[P-51 (Family)|Mustangs]]. This initial iteration boasts a significant speed advantage over all [[:Category:Second rank aircraft|Rank II]] aircraft, but sacrifices are obvious. On the upside, the good maximum velocity greatly benefits the energy retention coming out of dives and for staying out of trouble.

This version features the Allison V-1710-81 Engine with improved performance at altitude at a small cost to horsepower output on the ground. However it is also, by a small margin, the lightest variant and more aerodynamic, off-setting this loss.

Manoeuvrability is nothing to write home about (except roll-rate), especially without speed to burn. The control surfaces lock up at high speeds which makes the Mustang a comparatively agile fighter when initiating combat, but this is quickly lost. Fortunately the combat flaps have a very high speed tolerance and greatly benefit it in dogfights. Overall the P-51 likes to bleed speed in manoeuvres and the lost energy cannot be easily regained. For another downside is the sluggish acceleration which further causes a low rate of climb. Managing both disadvantage is the Ace's true skill for this elite [[Boom & Run|Boom and Run]] fighter. However this is for an altitude range up to 4,000 m (13,000 ft). High altitude performance suffers which in combat, due the slow climb rate, is rarely reached anyway.

Thus all engagements, may they be ''Boom & Zoom'' or ''Boom & Run'' style, should be performed below said altitudes.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,170 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 627 || 612 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.2 || 22.0 || 11.3 || 11.3 || rowspan="2" | 370
|-
! Upgraded
| 712 || 668 || 19.1 || 20.0 || 26.0 || 15.7
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 652 || 520 || 279 || ~12 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 550 || < 230 || < 550 || > 360
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

While the Mustang looks quite defensive on first glance, it is a deceptive one. The fuel tanks are wing-mounted and prone to fires (the D-series has got an inline one). The very small engine cowl plate could just as well be absent. Both issues combined leave many pilots a gliding and/or burning example of why to avoid bomber's defensive fire. The P-51's prime form of defence is speed. As a ''Boom & Run'' fighter, avoiding air-drag inducing bullet holes by not getting hit is a far preferable option anyway. Whilst setting up another attack (a.k.a. retreating from combat) the very generous backseat armour will absorb any stray shots. In general the pilot's survivability is great.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, wing-mounted (350 rpg inner + 280 outer = 1,260 total)

In terms of weapons, there aren't many to speak of. Nearly all US fighters from this point on feature at least six M2 Brownings. Thus the burst mass is quite light. A detriment for quick attack passes. Use the tracer belt or the omnipurpose belts, as they contain the most incendiary bullets. For Realistic and Simulator battles the ammo count is quite miniscule, controlled bursts are in order.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AN-M30A1 (100 lb)|AN-M57 (250 lb)|H.E. M31 (300 lb)|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 100 lb AN-M30A1 bombs (200 lb total)
* 2 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (500 lb total)
* 2 x 300 lb H.E. M31 bombs (600 lb total)
* 2 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (1,000 lb total)

== Usage in battles ==


The start of each battle can be quite similar, thus in general proceed as follows: WEP and climb until you are higher than most enemy aircraft. Then proceed to destroy fighters. Do NOT turn fight with any aircraft except for bombers, though the latter is an ill-advised target with the lack of heavy firepower. If someone is on your tail, proceed in a shallow dive. The plane<nowiki>'</nowiki>s exceptional top speed should allow it to outrun almost everything. Note that while this Mustang variant features improved high altitude ability, it is still not comparable to true altitude fighters like the [[MiG-3 (Family)|MiG-3]].

In Arcade Battles the option for in-air reloads may tempt the pilot to spray & pray and dump all the ammunition. However, a more deliberate and aimed approach is often more succesful. Waiting outside a furball or dogfight for the right moment to intercept is key. Due to the lack of climb rate and firepower bombers should not be sought out. In general the P-51 plays akin to the [[He 100 D-1|He-100]].

In Realistic Battles the combat role is a tricky game. Lacking climb rate and good high altitude performance the Mustang pilot needs to wait for the combat to come down to about 4,000 m (13,000 ft). Climbing should be done away from the expected combat zone (a.k.a. side-climbing) . At this point initial combat should be Boom & Run, utilizing the superior top speed to avoid combat while the enemy is focused on other team mates. Once the hostiles have dropped to a lower altitude Boom & Zooming can be engaged in. With only four HMGs and 1260 rounds, ammo can run sparse after three kills. Keep to 30 min of fuel minimum and returning to base will be a rare occurrence. Overall this is a support fighter, as in the current climbing meta engagements against higher flying interceptor-fighters are often deadly, as the Mustang then lacks the critical ability to choose the time of engagement.

Simulator Battles is where the P-51A truly shines. Flying at top speed with military rated power (100%) keeps the engine cool and enemies usually far away at one<nowiki>'</nowiki>s tail. Most of all combat happens slightly below the Mustang's preferred altitude and the cockpit view is great, albeit with limited rearward view. Only the lack of acceleration in prolonged dogfights is a trap that even experienced pilots still fall into. An emergency dive to top speed will however fix this, if the pilot remembered to keep some altitude. And one should, for the greatest advantage is the ability to disengage any unfavourable battle and like with many things, the early Mustangs do not disappoint.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Extremely fast in level flight or in a dive
* Gets access to the late-war .50 cal belts
* Little lock-up at high speeds
* Hard to rip wings

'''Cons:'''

* Not very manoeuvrable
* Only four Browning HMGs
* Fast engine overheating

== History ==


=== Development ===
The US Army placed an order for 1,200 P-51A Mustangs (designated as NA-99 by North American) in August 1942. The P-51A was the highest performing fighter aircraft of the US Army Air Force (USAAF) at the time, when below 22,000 feet. The P-51A Mustang was an improved version of the P-51 Mustang.

=== Design ===
The P-51A was powered by the Allison V-1710-81 engine, rated at 1,200 hp. The V-1710-81 had increased power when compared to the V-1710-39 which was used by the earlier P-51. A 3-bladed Curtiss 10 feet 6 inch propeller. This gave the P-51A a top speed of 390 mph at 22,000 feet and a service ceiling of 31,500 feet.

Unlike the A-36 Apache variant of the Mustang, the P-51A was designed purely as a fighter rather than as a ground attack aircraft. As such, no dive brakes were fitted. Two under-wing pylons were mounted with the capability of carrying bombs or drop tanks. The maximum weight of the P-51A was an increased 10,600 lbs, while the average load was 8,600 lbs.

On internal fuel only, the P-51A had a range of 750 miles at 300 mph. With two 125 gallon drop tanks mounted the range was increased to 2,000 miles (while at reduced power).

=== Testing and Production ===
The P-51A first flew in February 1943, with deliveries beginning in March of the same year. They were delivered with olive drab paint on the upper portions and grey paint on the underside.

Because of the introduction of Merlin-powered Mustangs, the order of 1,200 P-51A was cancelled after only 310 were completed. Of the 310 P-51As, 50 were given to the RAF as the Mustang Mk II and 35 were converted to the F-6B unarmed reconnaissance variant. The combat variants spanned from the P-51A-1-NA to the P-51A-10-NA. The serials were 43-6003 through 43-6312.

'''Service'''

The P-51A was used heavily in the China/Burma/India theater (CBI), seeing service until 1945 - long after improved variants had entered service.

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=p-51a_tl Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/287346-north-american-p-51a-1-tl/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{USA fighters}}
{{USA premium aircraft}}

PV-2D

2023-10-11T02:05:52Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{Specs-Card
|code=pv_2d
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=PV-2D Harpoon (USA)
}}

== Description ==

The Lockheed PV-2 "Harpoon" was a significant development from the PV-1 "Ventura". The Harpoon, much like the name implies, was intended for maritime duties. One of the biggest complaints about the PV-1 was its lacklustre takeoff performance. To fix that, the PV-2 featured a longer wingspan to increase lift. Further modifications included more provisions for fuel, the removal of the bombardier's position, and other air frame changes. The R-2800-31 Double Wasp engine was kept in place from the Ventura. Performance was expected to be a bit worse except for range and take-off due to the extra fuel provisions and wing change. During initial testing, it was found that the wings would wrinkle, and another completely new redesign was needed to fix the issue. After the problem was remedied, the PV-2 Harpoon was quite popular within service and was also exported to other countries like Brazil and New Zealand.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was introduced in [[Update 1.67 "Assault"]] as a reward for the [[wt:en/news/4648-special-war-thunder-chronicles-en/|2017 World War Two: Chronicle]] event. It is quite a rare aircraft but packs a much more powerful punch compared to its predecessor, the B-34 "Lexington". It features a much larger bomb load capacity, more defensive armament, and an incredible eight offensive 12.7 mm machine guns. Unfortunately, the Harpoon does not receive late-war .50 cal belts. However, it does receive two belts (stealth and universal), which have a belt composition of 4 out of 5 rounds being incendinary or AP-I. With its bomber spawn and flight performance, players can easily bomb targets before switching to attack other enemy bombers or fighters. Thanks to its flaps, the Harpoon can turn tight, which can surprise many enemy fighters. Overall, the PV-2D Harpoon is an excellent aircraft due to its numerous capabilities.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,267 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 448 || 435 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.2 || 30.1 || 8.9 || 8.9 || rowspan="2" | 549
|-
! Upgraded
| 513 || 478 || 26.9 || 28.0 || 16.2 || 12.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 601  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 326 || 309 || 222 || ~5 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 260 || < 290 || < 320 || > 337
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 12.7 mm Steel - Armour plate cockpit, in front of the pilot
* 12.7 mm Steel - Armour plate cockpit, behind the pilot
* 12.7 mm Steel - Armour plate cockpit, behind radio operator/navigator
* 12.7 mm Steel - Armour plate - tail section and ventral gunner protection
* 12.7 mm Steel - Armour plate - dorsal gunner protective plate
* Fuel tanks at wing roots to middle of wing

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 8 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, chin-mounted (250 rpg = 2,000 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AN-M57 (250 lb)|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|AN-M65A1 (1,000 lb)}}
{{main|HVAR|Tiny Tim|Mk.13-6 Case (2,216 lb)|Type A Mark I mine|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 6 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (1,500 lb total)
* 8 x HVAR rockets
* 8 x HVAR rockets + 6 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (1,500 lb total)
* 8 x HVAR rockets + 1 x 2,216 lb Mk.13-6 Case torpedo
* 1 x 2,216 lb Mk.13-6 Case torpedo
* 8 x HVAR rockets + 6 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (3,000 lb total)
* 8 x HVAR rockets + 6 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs (6,000 lb total)
* 8 x HVAR rockets + 6 x Type A Mark I mines
* 8 x HVAR rockets + 2 x Tiny Tim rockets
* 4 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns (340 rpg = 1,360 total)

Note: Gunpods are fired separately from nose armaments if fired via '''"Additional guns"''' keybinds.

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, dorsal turret (400 rpg = 800 total)
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, ventral turret (1,000 rpg = 2,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==

The PV-2D Harpoon is a bomber and should be played as such. Its gigantic and versatile payload options allow for enough power against ground/naval targets and bases. The eight nose-mounted 12.7 mm machine guns deal excellent damage, and can be used offensively with the dorsal turret able to point forward. Though the gunners provide ample top and bottom protection, the tail of the vehicle is a blind spot to the two turret gunners and thus a tailing pursuant would be a priority threat.

It is also viable for bomber hunting due to the bomber spawn and its offensive armaments. Engaging unsuspecting fighters is also good, provided that you utilise BnZing and extend away. If your nose guns are out, consider using your dorsal for emergency shooting. Without an arrestor hook, you must land on carriers with some risk. Approach low and slow, use your flaps to slow down more and land on the deck without deploying your gear. Your plane won't break, the fuselage and engines will eat the brunt of impact. Same applies to landing on ground, you can do a soft belly landing without dying.

If you do engage, try to drag the enemy to ground level. Dragging hostiles down is great for your team to pick off, and you can force pursuers to your tail by diving down. Dogfighting is not encouraged, but it can turn on a dime occasionally.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

[[Yak-2 KABB]]: Do not think that the {{PAGENAME}} can confidently outmanoeuvre this plane just because it is twin-engined. The Yak-2 has an amazing turn rate for a heavy fighter, thus the {{PAGENAME}} must avoid turning with it, if not dogfighting with it in general. It bears a pair of ShVAK cannons that can easily damage vital parts like engine or cooling systems. It has green camo, greatly resembling an Me 410 but with an H-tail like a Bf 110's.

[[ZSD63]]: Though it is hard to identify specific SPAA vehicles on the ground from the air (especially when they are shooting tracers at the plane), if a ZSD63 is identified, avoid it at all costs and '''do not''' attempt head-ons with it, ever. It can easily snap a wing off by causally putting a short burst in the {{PAGENAME}}'s flight path. Don't even get close to it unless it is occupied with another friendly or if the {{PAGENAME}} is equipped with a bomb that it can use. One identifying feature of the ZSD63 is its rather boxy and tall hull with a geometric turret sitting at the back, slightly similar to a Wirbelwind's. The firing manner is also distinctive: the sound and green tracers are very rapid, much like a buzz saw, but then it will remain silent for half a minute reloading. Note that an experienced ZSD player will hold its fire or shoot in single salvos with long halts between, making it look like that it's reloading. Armour-piercing belt is recommended since their high penetration can tear through the ZSD's armour with ease and knock out its crews.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very deadly offensive armament with plenty of ammunition
* Effective defensive armament with good coverage over rear section of aircraft
* The dorsal turret can swivel 360 degrees and even fire at targets off the nose of the plane
* Defensive armament has lots of ammo
* Good acceleration overall
* Acceptable climb rate
* Good energy retention in turns due to heavy weight(But do not turn too much, else you bleed all your energy)
* Large and versatile payload options

'''Cons:'''

* Huge airframe: prone to damage
* Big tail section is prone to attacks, usually crippling tail control
* Belly is a blindspot for gunners
* Cannot sustain multiple turns, energy will bleed despite nice energy retention
* Mediocre manoeuvrability
* Cannot fly on one engine: you cannot sustain flight with just one

== History ==

===Ventura===
After the success of the Lockheed Hudson, Lockheed sought to introduce another bomber named the ''Ventura'' based off their Model 18 Lodestar transport aircraft. Though similar to the Hudson, the Ventura was a lot bigger. The Royal Air Force adopted the plane under the Ventura name, and the United States Army Air Force (USAAF) adopted it as the [[B-34|B-34 Lexington]]. Though the Ventura was faster and could hold twice as many bombs than the Hudson, the Royal Air Force did not like the plane very much and replaced them with Mosquitoes, the surplus Venturas sent to Coastal Command. America's usage of the B-34 Lexington was complicated with a feud in air power between the USAAF and the US Navy (USN). The USAAF had a monopoly on manufacturing and command of land-based bombers, leading to naval activities such as anti-submarine duties with bombers shouldered by the USAAF rather than the USN, forcing the usage of float planes like the [[PBY-5_Catalina|Catalina]] in the Navy's role. It wasn't until a compromise with the [[B-29A-BN|B-29 Superfortress]] in a naval manufacturing factory that the Army finally gave the Navy the aircraft and jurisdiction to act in their roles.

===Naval adoption===
The Lockheed Ventura bomber, an aircraft the USN had an eye for, was converted for their usage. The adapted Venturas were adopted under the designation ''PV-1 Ventura'' for the navy, with special equipment for patrol bombing, increased fuel storage along with a decrease in forward defensive armaments, and the addition of search radar. The first PV-1s arrived in December 1942, then entered naval service in February 1943.

The PV-1 was an adequate bomber but provided some weaknesses needed addressing, most notably in that the increased fuel weight made it difficult to take-off without problems. The Ventura design was modified with an increased wing area in order to improve take-off and load-carrying capability. This allowed the aircraft to carry not only up to 4,000 lb of bombs but even rockets under the wings. The redesigned aircraft was accepted by the USN as the '''PV-2 Harpoon'''. More than 500 Harpoons were built in the course of the war, with several variants. The original PV-2 had five forward armaments whereas the '''PV-2D''' updated it with eight forward guns. The ''PV-2C'' and ''PV-2T'' models were models built for training.

===Combat usage===
The PV-1 was operated by three squadrons in the Pacific Theatre and flew bombing strikes against Japan. The PV-1 usually accompanied [[B-24D-25-CO|B-24s]] due to having a more sophisticated radar system. A few were also given to the Marine Corps fighter squadron VMF(N)-531 at the Solomon Islands.

The PV-2's design had a shaky start, issues with the wings wrinkling came off as dangerously problematic. Another redesign was needed, delaying the introduction into the Navy until early 1945, with the ones already delivered converted for training purposes as the ''PV-2C''. When the Harpoons were finally shipped, it went as the ''PV-2D'' model, and these aircraft designs proved reliable and popular with the crews that used them.

After the war, the Venturas and its variants were eventually declared obsolete. A number were scrapped, some were given away to foreign nations during and after the war. A number of the aircraft still survive today in both airworthy and display-only conditions.

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=pv_2d Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|rVvmp7zEmes|'''The Shooting Range #93''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 03:43 discusses the PV-2D.|O5RGUpnL_Vw|'''PV-2D Harpoon - Today Is Payday''' - ''Napalmratte''|fn80tkyCyho|'''Premium Review: PV-2D Harpoon [Hard Hitting]''' - ''Jengar''}}

== See also ==


;Related development
* [[B-34]]
* [[Hudson Mk V (Great Britain)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/4657-development-ww2-chronicles-vehicles-the-pv-2-harpoon-en|[Devblog] WW2 Chronicles vehicles: The PV-2 Harpoon]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/361709-pv-2d/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Lockheed}}
{{USA bombers}}
{{USA premium aircraft}}

B-34

2023-10-10T05:39:32Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{Specs-Card
|code=b_34
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The Lockheed Ventura was a military version of the Model 18 Lodestar passenger aircraft. L-108, as it would be temporarily named, was developed as a successor to the Lockheed Hudson, which saw massive use in the Royal Air Force. The Ventura was intended to be a slightly larger, more powerful aircraft compared to the Hudson. At this time, the B-34 designation was not given. The RAF became the primary user of the Ventura until the Ventura IIA which was given the designation "B-34". It was delivered under the Lend-Lease Act, and thus were given both RAF and US serial numbers. Soon after, they were put into service by the United States Army Air Force and received the name "Lexington". B-34s were largely relegated to training, and most never saw active combat in US service. In fact, they were given the designation "RB-34", which states that it was not allowed to be used in combat.

Introduced in [[Update 1.65 "Way of the Samurai"]], the '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a medium-sized bomber and is a significant improvement over the Hudson. The B-34 features a better payload of up to 2,500 lbs of bombs and more defensive armament. In addition, the B-34 also has two 12.7 mm machine guns and two 7.62 mm machine guns for offensive use, which can also be used against enemy aircraft. Thanks to its structural limit of over 630 km/h (391 mph), B-34 players can easily dive to bases to quickly drop bombs and either attack enemy fighters or ground targets. It can also defend itself with a twin 12.7 mm machine gun turret and a twin 7.62 mm machine gun turret. Both have ample ammunition as well.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


While flying the B-34 you can expect manoeuvrability and speed like few other bombers. Considering you are just a [[:Category:Second rank aircraft|Rank II]] aircraft you have a good acceleration and max speed, which will allow you to get out of difficult situations, even being able to outrun some lower BR fighters, although never forget to use your turrets to shake enemies off your tail.

Your speed and climb ratio will be superior to most enemy bombers you face, therefore making it an easy task to intercept them. Although try to always keep it under 4,500 m as your engines aren't meant for high altitudes, and you will become a big and sluggish target for any fighter around. As a last defensive manoeuvre in this bomber it is possible to trade some altitude for speed in order to escape from a threat, however keep it at a max speed of 610 km/h IAS since going faster than that will completely lock your surface controls and eventually get you killed.

Given its surprising turn rate and speed for a bomber, mixed with a good offensive power, when used wisely you can successfully intercept enemy aircraft that aren't yet aware of your position, as well as support your allies if you see an enemy tunnel vision-ed on them, however don't fool yourself into a dogfight since every fighter will outturn you sooner than later.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,572 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 509 || 496 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 28.3 || 29.3 || 8.5 || 8.5 || rowspan="2" | 480
|-
! Upgraded
| 572 || 539 || 25.8 || 27.0 || 16.7 || 12.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 633  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 328 || 313 || 235 || ~7 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 260 || < 290 || < 320 || > 337
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 12 mm steel - in front of pilot
* 12 mm steel - behind pilot
* 12 mm steel - bulkhead behind cockpit
* 12 mm steel - tail bulkhead
* 20 mm steel - front of dorsal turret

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)|Browning (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (250 rpg = 500 total)
* 2 x 7.62 mm Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (375 rpg = 750 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AN-M57 (250 lb)|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|Mk.13-6 Case (2,216 lb)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 7 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (1,750 lb total)
* 4 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs + 3 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (2,500 lb total)
* 1 x 2,216 lb Mk.13-6 Case torpedo

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)|Browning (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, dorsal turret (400 rpg = 800 total)
* 2 x 7.62 mm Browning machine guns, ventral turret (1,000 rpg = 2,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==


In the hands of an experienced player, the B-34 can be one of, if not the deadliest aircraft of its tier. While being in the bomber line of the tech tree, the B-34 is better suited for use as a frontline bomber, bomber interceptor, and even a heavy fighter in some situations. If played in a bombing role, try to get in low and entice enemy fighters into chasing you while you go for your bombing targets; your powerful 12.7 mm turret will make quick work of most enemies you'll encounter at its tier. If played as a bomber interceptor, aiming for crucial parts of the target's aircraft (Engine, wings, cockpit, Etc.) with your robust offensive armament will take down enemy bombers quickly and efficiently. Using the B-34 in a heavy fighter role will require the use of your flaps, so make sure to use them when appropriate; as the B-34 has poor energy retention. Head-ons with enemy fighters are ill-advised, as your pilot is quite susceptible to frontal enemy fire as well as your engines that will take damage quite easily.

Your deadliest enemies will be aircraft with heavy machine gun or cannon armament (P-400, LaGG-3-8, Spitfire Mk IIb, etc.) It is advised to get familiar with using the 12.7 mm dorsal turret while doing evasive manoeuvres using flaps for dealing with them quickly before they can do major damage to your aircraft. If they dive on you and fly in front of you for a bit, try to damage them with your frontal armament. Do not let anyone get under your belly, as it is a huge weak spot that knowledgeable players will exploit. In the hands of a skilled pilot, however, you will have no problem going for engine shutdowns or pilot snipes that will quickly send your foes back to the hangar.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Reasonably effective armament consisting of 2 x 7.62 mm Brownings and 2 x 12.7 mm Brownings that are nose-mounted
* Durable airframe for its BR
* Reasonably effective defensive armament with good coverage on the rear section of the plane
* The dorsal turret can swivel 360 degrees and even fire at targets towards the nose of the plane
* Can provide initial cover for other bombers until fighters reach their altitude
* Blazing fast top speed compared to other medium bombers
* Reasonably large payload capacity

'''Cons:'''

* The belly of the aircraft is a massive blind spot in the aircraft's defence
* Poor climb rate and energy retention
* For the most part, the offensive armament will only be useful in attacking enemy bombers, ground targets, or engaging fighters head-on, as the plane is not manoeuvrable enough for any real dogfighting of any kind
* Steel construction makes this plane particularly heavy, and a small payload limits this plane's ability to be used as a tactical or strategic bomber
* The elevator can be shot off by an enemy plane easily, causing it to become uncontrollable, although it may still be controllable by operating flaps or adjusting engine power in some cases
* Poor manoeuvrability at lower speeds
* Landing gear is quite weak; breaks at >235 km/h

== History ==

[[File:Lockheed PV-1 Ventura patrol bomber in flight.jpg|thumb|350px|right]]
In the beginning of the war, the British were looking for a medium-ranged anti-submarine warfare and patrol aircraft to support the existing Avro Anson. The Lockheed company sent a drawing of their Model 14 Super Electra civilian airliner. The British Purchasing Commission saw the design and asked Lockheed to make modifications to the Model 14. Modifications included two fixed forward-firing Browning 7.7 mm machine guns in the nose. There was also the installation of a Boulton Paul dorsal gun turret with two Browning machine guns. Some models had beam guns installed, while others had different engines or propellers. It was renamed the Lockheed Hudson. The Hudson served as the basis for the B-34 (Ventura, originally). It was developed from the Lockheed Model 18 Lodestar, another civilian airliner. The Ventura was first delivered to the British in 1942. Originally, it was used for daylight raids but, like other RAF bombers of the time, were vulnerable without fighter escort. It was transferred to Coastal Command. In US service, it was named the B-34 Lexington. There was also a reconnaissance variant called the B-37 (and later the RB-37, the "R" standing for "restricted," as in not for combat). Later on, a redesigned version, the PV-2 Harpoon, was put into service. The wingspan was increased, among other changes.

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=b_34 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|fF2VBZIVaHQ|'''B-34 Ventura "Operation Christmas Tree Is Officially Dead!"''' - ''Bo Time Gaming''}}

== See also ==


;Related development
* [[PV-2D]] - Major redesign with increased load capacity

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/4356-development-lockheed-b-34-hudson-s-bigger-brother-en|[Devblog] Lockheed B-34: Hudson's bigger brother]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/341980-lockheed-b-34-lexington/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[wikipedia:Lockheed_Ventura|[Wikipedia] Lockheed Ventura]]
* [https://www.airforce.gov.au/sites/default/files/minisite/static/7522/RAAFmuseum/research/aircraft/series2/A59.htm <nowiki>[RAAF Museum]</nowiki> TECHNICAL DATA: Lockheed-Vega Ventura]
* [https://www.pacificwrecks.com/aircraft/pv-1/tech.html <nowiki>[Pacific Wrecks]</nowiki> Lockheed PV-1 Ventura Technical Information]

{{AirManufacturer Lockheed}}
{{USA bombers}}

Bf 109 Z-1

2023-10-10T05:21:12Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = German twin-engined fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Bf 109 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=bf-109z
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

With the Allied bombing campaign gaining more and more strength, the demand for a counter was at an all-time high. Other aircraft, like the Me 210, were considered for the role but ultimately would produce a very unique aircraft, the Bf 109 Z-1 "Zwilling" (German for "twin"). Based on the previous idea of merging two Heinkel He-111 bombers, Messerschmitt engineers fused two Bf 109 airframes together to create one aircraft. Although it had two airframes, one of them would house the pilot, and the other was blocked off, making it a single-seat fighter. The first prototype was called the "Bf 109 Z-0" but was shortly bombed after it was finished. That didn't stop the project, and a year later, the Z-1 was produced and almost ready for tests until it was abruptly cancelled. The Z-1 fused two 109 G-6 airframes and featured high-powered cannons. It was also nicknamed "Sledgehammer" due to its impressive cannon armament.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was introduced as a premium aircraft in [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] but was shortly removed from the store after the [[wt:en/news/5865-special-big-war-thunder-birthday-sale-en|War Thunder's 6th Anniversary sale]]. It was briefly made available during the [[wt:en/news/5976-special-shop-war-thunder-winter-sale-en|2018 Winter sale]] and the [[wt:en/news/7710-special-maiden-flight-of-the-bf-109-en|2022 "Maiden flight of the Bf 109"]] event. The Z-1 is an incredibly fast aircraft with a top speed of over 700 km/h (435 mph) and is almost untouchable at high altitudes. Being a twin-engine fighter, dogfighting should not be performed, and players should opt to stick to boom and zoom tactics against enemy fighters. The four 30 mm MK 108 cannons have a high damage output, but they also lack velocity and range. It will be quite hard for players to engage at long range or aim in general due to the abysmal velocity. Players will have to lead a significant amount of rounds to hit on target.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Zwilling shares similar characteristics to the American [[F-82E|F-82 ''Twin Mustang'']], which also so happens to be two of the same plane super-sized and put together. However, two of the main differences is the lack of two cockpits and two pilots and a significantly more powerful armament.

While being significantly heavier, it is still a Messerschmitt and boasts an above-average manoeuvrability for a heavy fighter and high speed due to its twin DB 605's. However, it is significantly less manoeuvrable against single-engined props that it will face, so it is not recommended to turn fight unless they are considerably less manoeuvrable than you.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 688 || 669 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 24.1 || 24.9 || 16.7 || 16.7 || rowspan="2" | 500
|-
! Upgraded
| 739 || 712 || 22.5 || 23.0 || 25.3 || 20.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 437 || 408 || 260 || ~10 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 450 || < 390 || < 450 || > 715
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}
[[File:Bf 109 Z armor.png|435x435px|Armour placement|thumb]]

* 8 mm steel - pilot's seat
* 10 mm steel behind and above pilot's head
* 60 mm bulletproof glass in front of pilot
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 behind pilot, 1 in right fuselage, 2 in "middle wing", 1 in each wing)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

[[File:Bf 109 Z shooting down an enemy P-51H-5-NA.png|thumb|Bf 109 Z shooting down an enemy P-51H-5-NA]]
{{main|MK 108 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 30 mm MK 108 cannons; 2x Inline with Nose Props, 2x Exterior Wings (65 rpg = 260 total)

The MK 108 is a very bad anti-fighter weapon particularly in fighter to fighter combat. Bullet drop and slow velocity result in a severe difficulty leading shots at ranges above 300 m (350 yds). In dogfights where both aircraft are constantly turning and changing direction, this trait gets even worse. The high speeds of the late props push the necessary lead for hitting the target high and very far in front of the enemy. Training with this weapon system in a custom battle against random enemies is heavily advised.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC250JA (250 kg)|Flam C 250 incendiary}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 1 x 250 kg SC250JA bomb (250 kg total)
* 1 x Flam C 250 incendiary bomb

The SC250JA bomb is the only regular type of bomb the Bf 109 Z can carry. It is a weaker bomb compared to the 500 lb (242.6 kg) AN-M64A1, but it still has an acceptable 7-metre armoured vehicle destruction radius. Heavy tanks will be a struggle to destroy with this bomb. However, light and medium tanks will be easy targets to destroy, especially since the bomb is mounted centreline with the aircraft which will make aiming simple.

The 109 Z also has access to the Flam C 250 which is an incendiary type bomb. Incendiary bombs are extremely ineffective against any armoured opponent but can be used against open-top vehicles. Against bases, these bombs will do a significant amount of damage due to the incendiary effect but not much tonnage will be awarded. This bomb is also mounted in the center much like the SC250JA.

== Usage in battles ==

The Zwilling sits at a rather uncomfortable spot as a heavy fighter, it's fast in a straight line and it climbs well, however the plane doesn't have much else going for it. You will only win a dogfight to an F-82, you will not stand a chance against single engined fighters and you have to reserve the plane to a very passive playstyle in order to capitalize on the pros of the plane.

However, where the Zwilling really shines is as a bomber interceptor. The large bodies of bombers make it so that the MK 108's drop isn't as problematic, and the off-centre pilot makes it harder for their gunners to land a shot on your pilot. At the start of a match, climb to bomber altitude (4k-6k metres) and start hunting for prey. If all of the bombers have been destroyed, or there weren't any to begin with, you are safe to use it as a Boom-&-Zoomer or an air superiority fighter.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Extremely destructive armament mounting the dreaded ''Minengeschoss''
* Quite speedy
* Powerful DB 605s allow it to reach high speeds
* Decent high altitude performance
* Exceptional interceptor
* Solid dive speed

'''Cons:'''

* MK 108s have an extremely slow travel time and drastic bullet drop
* Increased weight make it harder to manoeuvre with
* Easy prey for more nimble and heavily armed single-engined fighters
* Sluggish handling at lower speeds and altitudes
* Rudder locks up making aiming virtually impossible at high speeds
* Sluggish roll rate means that trying to hit anyone who is actively manoeuvring is a challenge
* Has a tendency to catch fire when hit due to the fuel tank that is positioned where the other pilot should be
* Gun arrangement makes hitting small targets hard, two guns are mounted in both noses and on the outer wings. This means that the 109Z has one of the biggest spreads on any plane in the game (Could be seen as a pro for attacking bombers)

== History ==

With the start of allied bombing campaigns against German strategic targets in 1942, the Luftwaffe was forced to go onto the defensive for the first time in the war. This sudden turn of events sparked an urgent demand for new heavy fighter and interceptor designs that would counter the ever increasing onslaught of allied bombers and their respective escorts. Although the Messerschmitt company was already working on such a new aircraft that would replace the dated Bf 110 - the Me 210 - several problems during development delayed the project's completion. As a result, new versions of the Bf 110 had to be developed to counter the new threat. However, the RLM (German Air Ministry) wasn't content with the creation of even more modifications of the aircraft as they planned to decrease the amount of different variants for all aircraft in service at the time in hopes of addressing logistical problems that strained production. Inspired by the previous He-111 "Zwilling" project, Messerschmitt engineers began work on a similar alternative heavy fighter based on the Bf 109, that could easily be mass produced and offer better performance (in reference speed) than the Bf 110 already in service, whilst at the same time being cheaper to manufacture than newly designed machines.

By taking two standard Bf 109Fs from the assembly line and "welding" them together, Messerschmitt engineers created what would become known as the Bf 109Z-0 - the first prototype of the "zwilling" Bf 109. In 1943 however, a bombing raid of one of the Messerschmitt plants near Augsburg led to the destruction of the prototype, cancelling the planned tests. Despite this setback, the engineers kept working on the concept and less than a year later, in spring 1944, a new Z-1 prototype, based off the Bf 109G-6, was created. The second prototype differed from the first one, apart from being based on a later variant of the 109, in the abandoning of rifle-calibre guns in favor of interchangeable large-calibre autocannons, a common trend for late-war German machines. In the end, the project was ultimately cancelled as resource shortages began afflicting the German industry in the final stages of the war and the concept of a twin Bf 109 fighter was abandoned for good.

''- From [[wt:en/news/5534-development-messerschmitt-bf-109z-the-teutonic-twin-boom-terror-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=bf-109z Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|INb9VjLxKf0|'''Most unusual aircraft''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 0:34 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* [[F-82E]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5534-development-messerschmitt-bf-109z-the-teutonic-twin-boom-terror-en|[Devblog] Messerschmitt Bf 109Z: The Teutonic Twin-Boom Terror]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/414734-bf109z/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[wikipedia:Messerschmitt_Bf_109_variants|[Wikipedia] Messerschmitt Bf 109 variants]]

{{AirManufacturer BFW}}
{{Germany twin-engine fighters}}
{{Germany premium aircraft}}

Fw 190 D-9 (USSR)

2023-10-10T04:53:01Z

U48664895: Updated description to new format

{{About
| about = premium Soviet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Fw 190 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=fw-190d-9_ussr
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The Focke-Wulf 190 "Dora" variant was designed to be a high-altitude fighter that could intercept bomber formations. However, that would never happen on a widespread scale, and 190 D-9s were relegated to attacking enemy fighters or ground attacks. The 190 D-9 was one of the most widely produced Fw variants, with over 1,800 built. With this many built, it was bound to end up in another country's hands, which happened with the Soviets. Although none would ever face combat against the Luftwaffe, the Soviets conducted several performance tests and mock dogfights against the La-7. Various pilots flew each plane and every time the La-7 came out on top, but this comes with the caveat that the 190 D-9 was not tested with methanol-water injection (MW50).

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was introduced as a premium Soviet fighter in [[Update 1.37]] but was later removed from in-game sales as part of the [[wt:en/news/7408-news-happy-birthday-war-thunder-en|9th Anniversary Sale]]. The D-9 is an excellent fighter thanks to its exceptional roll rate, climb rate, top speed, and much more. It also packs a deadly punch with two 20 mm MG 151 cannons and two additional 13.2 mm machine guns, all mounted near the nose. With the air target belt, the MG 151s can easily down a fighter with a burst and even a heavy bomber with properly placed shots. However, the one thing the D-9 lacks is its turn rate, which is abysmal without flaps. Many fighters can easily turn inside a Dora, so players should stick to energy fights. Due to the fact that the Soviet 190 D-9 is a captured version, it lacks suspended armament but is still an excellent fighter.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The Fw 190 D-9 is definitely in the top 3 list for Germany's piston-engine fighter lineup. Thanks to the new inline engine, this Fw has a massive power upgrade from the radial versions of the Fw 190. The Fw 190 D-9 has a unique and powerful list of traits that set it apart from the pack and have solidified it as one of the deadliest battle rating fighters in the game.

The engine and airframe characteristics are the major area where the new inline engine of the 190 Dora series benefits. Not only is the Jumo 213A smaller and more aerodynamically clean than a BMW radial, it also has more power. Acceleration is extremely good across the entire speed range, but most notably at low-medium speeds and likewise for altitudes, being competitive with the vaunted La-7B-20 at low altitudes. The D-9 goes a blazing 621 km/h at sea level, which is 20 or so km/h faster than the Bf 109 K-4. Maximum speed at 2,200 m is 660 km/h (TAS) and rises from there, at 5,500 m it is 710 km/h, and at 8,000 m it's 680 km/h, steadily dropping off from there. Those are all extremely competitive numbers, beating out most of its opposition. Climb rate is equally good, taking 90 seconds to hit 2,000 m, 192 to 4,000 m, 297 to 6,000 m, and 430 to 8,000 m. Again, this is outstanding performance that is better than most aircraft it faces. Dive acceleration and maximum diving speed are both extremely strong traits of the D-9. This plane red-lines at about 880 km/h IAS, which is absolutely insane! I have yet to snap the wings off both in manoeuvring and extended dives. At the start of a RB match you can WEP for about 5-6 minutes before engine heat will give you trouble. The engine overheats at 120°C and the oil at 90°C. Engine heat decreases at a relatively slow rate while at 100% throttle and the MW-50 lasts for a total of 30 minutes.

It is widely considered that manoeuvrability is how well a plane can turn, which is the D-9's case its turning is generally poor. The D-9's turn rate is at its best above 450 km/h, where it can swing its nose around at alarming speed. at speeds below 320 km/h, the D-9 is one of the worst turners in the game. It is important to keep speeds relatively high to maximize your turn rate and manoeuvring potential. Energy conserving manoeuvres like yo-yos should be utilized to make the most out of your precious energy reserve. Never get in sustained turning engagements, always disengage early if you find yourself losing too much speed. While the D-9 may be a bad turner, it more than makes up for it with its extremely responsive and high rate of roll. The Fw 190s have always been known to dominate in this area, and the D-9 continues the 190 traditions of crushing the opposition here. Rate of the roll is sadly best utilized by more experienced pilots, but it is one of the most important traits for fighter aircraft. Try to think of manoeuvres that best utilize your roll rate advantage when on the defensive. The 190's manoeuvring traits suit a more Boom & Zoom/slash attack style of play; keeping crisp controls up to breakneck speeds combined with the roll rate and instantaneous turn ability makes it one of the best Boom & Zoom planes in the game. It is for this reason the D-9 is the preferred ride for veterans and newbies alike.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,800 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 680 || 655 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.6 || 22.4 || 11.3 || 11.3 || rowspan="2" | 453
|-
! Upgraded
| 745 || 710 || 19.3 || 20.4 || 22.0 || 15.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 700 || 310 || ~13 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 420 || < 300 || < 550 || > 320
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 57 mm Bulletproof glass in cockpit front.
* 8-12 mm Steel plates behind the pilot.
* 3 mm Steel plate in front of the liquid cooling system.
* 8 mm Steel plate under the fuel tanks.
* 5 mm Steel plate behind the fuel tanks

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, wing-mounted (250 rpg = 500 total)
* 2 x 13 mm MG 131 machine guns, nose-mounted (400 rpg = 800 total)

The Fw 190 D-9 carries a strong weapon set with two 20 mm MG 151 cannons in the wing root and two 13 mm MG 131 in the cowling. Like all 190s, the D-9 has a very generous ammunition load, packing 250 rounds per cannon and 475 rounds per MG. Do not be afraid to take low percentage shots, and feel free to pelt stationary targets at long distance. A good belt setup would be air targets for the cannons and stealth for the MGs. The bulk of the firepower here are the cannons, so maximizing your Minengeschoß count is important. Stealth belts for the 13 mm make your 20 mm rounds easier to track and make it more difficult for your enemy to see your fire due to the low amount of tracers the cannons spew. The MG 151 has a comparatively slow rate of fire and muzzle velocity if you are used to Hispanos and allied .50 calibre, so lead more than you are used to. As a whole, the D-9's weapons allow good snapshot ability while retaining a lot of firing time, making it a well rounded yet powerful package.

== Usage in battles ==

The Fw 190 D-9 is considered by many to be the best prop plane Germany has at 6.0 BR and below, and for good reason. The 190 D-9 is one of the few planes where its advantages are in extreme excess of its disadvantages. With its outstanding climb, high speed, crisp controls and tight firepower it is able to zoom in, get shots on target, and then escape in the blink of an eye. It may have mushy manoeuvring at low speeds, and may not be the best aircraft to take into the high vertical while slow, but it is by and large a top-tier aircraft in good hands.

At the start of the battle, take the Fw 190 D-9 first out of your line up. Climb at a 30-45 degree angle while holding WEP (make sure you don't stall out). This plane should out climb everything it sees. Your priority targets are the highest enemy fighters. Bombers are fine too, but watch out for escort aircraft. Be careful when attacking heavily armoured bombers, as the MG 151 cannons sometimes take a while to bring down your target. Do not attack enemy aircraft under 1,000 m unless the match is near a close. If you do not have much energy and there is an enemy fighter less than 1,000 m higher, perform a head-on attack, but don't commit. Break about 600 m and dive. Once you reached 400 km/h, start climbing. Unless the enemy is flying an Fw 190, you will not be caught. Once you achieved air superiority above 3,000 m, look for climbing aircraft and aircraft tunnel-visioned on a target, as these generally result in easy kills. As for ammunition belts, use the Mine belt of the MG 151s and stealth for the 13 mm. These belts pack a punch and don't have much tracer ammunition, perfect for the surprise Boom & Zoom attacks. For the last tips, DO NOT TURN in combat under any circumstances (you will not out turn anything smaller than a B-17 and lose precious speed in the process). Also, always maintain at least 2,000 m of altitude (if you are caught at low altitudes, you will be caught and killed). In conclusion, this is one of the most OP planes in arcade. It has better top speed and climb rate than 6.0 BR aircraft and has a great armament. In the hands of even inexperienced pilots, this plane is almost invincible. This is possibly the best and most forgiving Boom & Zoom aircraft.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Exceptional climb rate
* Exceptional speed
* Great firepower
* Exceptional roll rate at low speeds
* High Altitude fighter, great bomber hunter
* Energy fighter, "boom and zoom"
* Great ammo capacity

'''Cons:'''

* Mediocre in turns
* Bad flat turn rate
* Elevator has low responsibility & effect at low speeds
* Manoeuvrability at low speeds is bad

== History ==

Kurt Tank, the designer of the venerable Fw 190 lineup quickly realized by 1943 that the field of aerial warfare was changing rapidly. The world had moved on beyond dive bombers, and the allies had begun forming massive, four-engine bomber wings that devastated Axis ground troops and factories. At the time, Fw 190s played similar roles to the American P-47 Thunderbolts, serving as ground attack planes and low altitude interceptors. Fw 190s retained air superiority over allied forces all the way up to the introduction of the British Spitfire Mk. IX. Despite this impressive service record, Fw 190s had one flaw, which would soon usher in the need of the "Dora" Line-up. Their performance was hindered drastically at higher altitudes, where aerial warfare was now moving towards. Germany, in desperate need of fighters to engage and stop these massive bomber raids had turned to Messerschmitt and Focke-wulf to produce a high altitude interceptor, and Kurt Tank's response was the Fw 190 D-9.

Unlike previous models, the "Dora" series boasted an improved engine. Specifically, a Jumo 213A bomber engine, more commonly used in the Ju-88. This much larger engine required for the hull of the Fw 190 to also be extended in the front, and for balancing reasons, the tail as well. The D-9 also sacrificed its 4 x 20 mm MG-151 cannons previously used in previous Fw 190s for two 20 mm MG-151 cannons, and a twin set of 13 mm MGs over the previous models' MG-82s. With an impressive 700+ km/h speed, the D-9 proved to be one of the fastest interceptors to be rolled off a German assembly line. Despite this, the D-9 was instead used for ground attack rolls and fighter interception, using its speed to drop its payload and vanish long before enemy Flak had the time to line up a shot.

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
The Great Patriotic War had already ended when the Soviet Air Forces Research Institute (SAFRI) began testing the German piston-engine aircraft in service with the Luftwaffe at the culmination of the war. To begin with, Soviet engineers studied a Fw 190 D-9 with the assembly number W.Nr.210251.

On the model D-9, the Jumo 213A liquid-cooled in-line engine replaced the BMW 801D air-cooled engine. This slightly increased the aerodynamics of its engine-propeller unit and increased the plane's length by 80 cm. The more powerful engine promised to make the new vehicle superior to the Fw 190 A in speed and climbing rate.

According to leading specialists at the SAFRI, the modified Fw 190 D-9 could not go up against the Soviet Yak-3, Yak-9U and La-7 on equal terms at low and medium altitudes. The Focke-Wulf's low-altitude speed was inferior to theirs by at least 24 km/h, and at 5,000 m, by more than 10 km/h. The German fighter's insufficient horizontal and vertical manoeuvrability also put it at a disadvantage.

The Soviet Union was interested in manufacturing the plane mainly due to its convenient arrangement of engine and powertrain parts, high maximum oil temperature during engine operation and well-designed automatic water temperature regulator. It was also noted that over its entire testing period from the 11th to the 26th of May 1945, all of the parts in the German plane's special equipment remained operational.

It could fire all its weapons at once without this affecting its trajectory, and the pilots could barely feel the weapons' recoil. It could fire the cannons and machine guns separately. The extensive electrically-powered equipment made the pilot's work easier.

A mock aviation battle between the Fw 190 D-9 and La-7 fighters showed the full superiority of the Soviet airplane. SAFRI pilots came to the conclusion that the new German fighter's ability to go up against the Lavochkins was no greater than that of its predecessor, the Fw 190 A-8. Having begun the "battle" on a head-on course, the Soviet fighter easily got on the German plane's tail after three banked turns or two chandelles. It's worth noting, however, that these "battles" took place without using the engine's methanol-water injection WEP system.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=fw-190d-9_ussr Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Carbon-copy vehicle

* [[Fw 190 D-9]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.ru/index.php?/topic/94910-fw-190-d-9/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance (Russian Forum)]

{{AirManufacturer Focke-Wulf}}
{{USSR fighters}}
{{USSR premium aircraft}}

Me 410 B-2/U4

2023-10-09T04:28:39Z

U48664895: Added flight performance and defensive armament sections

{{About
| about = German strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Me 410 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=me-410b-2_u4
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_Me_410_B-2_U4.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The Me 410 B was planned to be fitted with the DB 603G engine and a few other improvements. However, due to the shortage of the new engine, early production of the Me 410 B instead utilized the regular DB 603A found in the Me 410 A. Some Me 410 B's received an oxygen system for high-altitude flights as well as a better undercarriage. The Me 410 B-2/U4 Zerstörer (Destroyer in German) was fitted with a 5 cm cannon mounted in the chin of the nose. Around 130 planes of this variant were produced, 80 built at Messerschmitt's factory and the rest built at Dornier's factory. In addition to the giant cannon, it also had two 20 mm MG 151 cannons as part of the Waffenbehӓlter conversion set.

In the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27, the '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a fairly decent ground attacker. The BK 5 cannon has access to both HVAP and AP shells, the latter being extremely effective from top down into tanks. The B-2/U4 variant also has two 20 mm MG 151 cannons mounted in the nose which complements the main cannon. For defense, the Me 410 B has two single 13 mm turrets, one mounted on each side of the fuselage. All around, the Me 410 B-2/U4 has a fairly decent set of guns but does lack bombs and rockets.

== General info ==
[[File:Cockpit_Me410.jpg|thumbnail|right|250px|The Me 410's instrument panel.]]
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Me 410 B-2/U4 has okay performance. Since the more powerful DB 603G engine was cancelled, the Me 410Bs retained the DB 603A engine found in many of the earlier Me 410s. This, in combination with the various armour plates scattered throughout the aircraft, does not help its performance. The acceleration is quite poor and the turn rate suffers compared to some attackers like the IL-2, which can turn tight with sufficient energy. With a climb rate of only 10.8 meters per second, the Me 410B's climb performance leaves much to be desired. However, the Me 410B does have a good structural speed limit of 750 km/h (466 mph), which is fairly good for an attacker; but many fighters will be able to reach or exceed this speed limit safely. This leaves Me 410 pilots vulnerable and there is not much one can do to evade a fighter. Overall, players should not hold high expectations for the performance of the Me 410.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,750 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 578 || 560 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.2 || 32.1 || 7.9 || 7.8 || rowspan="2" | 520
|-
! Upgraded
| 625 || 600 || 28.9 || 30.0 || 14.3 || 10.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 457 || 428 || 280 || ~12 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 360 || < 360 || < 460 || > 265
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

Like many attackers, the Me 410 B-2/U4 is no exception in terms of having armour. It has eight steel plates covering vital areas like the cockpit, engines, and wings. Although this heavily hampers performance, each plate is over 5 mm thick which is quite good since many enemy aircraft at its battle rating lack cannons. A 60 mm bulletproof glass panel can also be found in front of the pilot. The Me 410 B-2/U4 has six fuel tanks, four mounted near the wing roots and the rest mounted further outboard. All six tanks are self-sealing which helps with survivability against incendiary rounds. Overall, the Me 410 has some impressive armour which does a fairly decent job of protecting vital components and areas.

* 8 mm Steel - Nose armour
* 60 mm Bulletproof Glass
* 12 mm Steel - Headrest
* 8 mm Steel - Cockpit mid plate
* 8 mm Steel - Rear gunner plate
* 9 mm Steel - Rear boom armour plate
* 9 mm Steel - Liquid cooling protective armour
* 5 mm Steel - Wing leading edge armour
* 8 mm Steel - Engine nacelle fore and aft plates

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|BK 5 (50 mm)|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 50 mm BK 5 cannon, nose-mounted (22 rpg)
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, nose-mounted (350 rpg = 700 total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 13 mm MG 131 machine gun, 2 x beam turrets (500 rpg)
The Me 410 B-2/U4 comes armed with the standard two single 13.2 mm MG 131 machine gun turrets mounted on either side of the fuselage. They have a fairly decent firing arc. However, the firing arc for both turrets firing is very small. Enemy aircraft would have to be almost directly behind the Me 410, so players are usually stuck with only one MG 131 firing on the target. Furthermore, the MG 131 has a relatively low velocity, so landing successful shots will be difficult at long range. The MG 131 turrets can be used against ground targets quite easily thanks to the larger shells being fired. Compared to a 7.62 machine gun turret, it will only take a few rounds to knock out a soft ground target. Overall, the MG 131 turrets will be quite difficult to use against enemy aircraft, but they are effective against ground targets after making a pass.
== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Well protected nose and pilot
* 50 mm gun is capable of destroying heavy tanks (AP belt) and any kind of planes with a single shot (Air targets belt)
* Very accurate 50 mm gun, if used properly
* Good climbing rate and starting position, suitable for ground attack or intercepting bombers
* 2x13mm turret cover huge vertical angle
* Good in steep dives, has air brakes
* Can fly with one engine

'''Cons:'''

* Big plane, a perfect target for enemy fighters
* Fighting other planes requires good aiming skills
* Can't rely much on AI gunner, no good armour
* Very slow turning speed
* 600 km/h at 6,750 m is good, but in reality, you'll be equal or slower than Su-6 at lower heights
* Rather low ammo count for the 50 mm, inexperienced pilot can waste 22 shots pretty quick

== History ==


The Luftwaffe came to the conclusion that the Me 410 was dull and lacklustre in the bomber role. Other planes could do the job far better. As a result, many Me 410s were converted to the Zerstorer standard which was more focused on ground attacking. Zerstorer aircraft were usually fitted with more cannons (30 mm or 20 mm cannons) but some received the 50 mm BK 5 cannon. The Me 410 could still carry bombs but they were usually reserved for tanks and other ground vehicles.

The Me 410B was planned to essentially be the Me 410A but with the superior DB 603G engine. Unfortunately, those engines were needed by other aircraft and production started with the DB 603A engine. The 410B also features a strengthened undercarriage and modifications to carry more fuel. The Me 410Bs were also planned to be fitted with the 30 mm MK 103 cannon, but production issues delayed the cannon coming into service. Many early Me 410Bs were fitted with the Waffenbehalter (WB 151A) modification which allowed the installation of two 20 mm MG 151 cannons. The B-2/U4 had virtually the same armament as the Me 410A-1/U4: a single 50 mm cannon mounted on the centerline and two additional 20 mm cannons. Around 130 Me 410B-2/U4s were built, with 80 being built at Messerschmitt's factory and the rest at Dornier's.

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
April 1944 saw the Me 410 B version replace the Me 410 A on the assembly lines. The main distinction of this variant was its Daimler-Benz DB 603G twelve-cylinder, liquid-cooled engine. The new engines had an increased boost and compression ratio, which allowed a takeoff power of 1,900 hp.

The aircraft's armament was reinforced. The pair of 7.92 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 17 machine guns mounted in the nose section were replaced with the same number of the more powerful and efficient 13 mm large-calibre Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 131 machine guns.

Me 410 B planes could now have two additional 300-litre fuel tanks suspended under their wing panels, and the main landing gear legs were extended.

Just as it was in the case of the Me 410 A, two main versions of the aircraft saw full-scale production: the Me 410 B-1 high-speed bomber and the Me 410 B-2 "destroyer". Various Rüstsatz and Umbausatz kits were used on these aircraft.

The Me 410 B-1/U2 and the Me 410 B-1/U4 had armament corresponding to the same versions of the A-1 modification: either a pair of 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons (the U2 kit), or a 50 mm Rheinmetall BK 5 cannon (the U4 kit).

The Me 410 B-2/U2 version of the aircraft had a WB 151 ventral container with two more 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons.

In addition to the 50 mm Rheinmetall BK 5 cannon mounted in the bomb bay, Me 410 B-2/U4 planes had a pair of 30 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 103 cannons installed. To make room, their 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannon and 13 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 131 machine guns were removed. About a hundred such kits were delivered to the Luftwaffe's troops on the front lines.

Several more "field modification kits" for the Me 410 B-2 were developed for the purpose of fighting Allied bombers. The R2 kit included a WB 108 container with two 30 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 108 cannons. The R3 kit also allowed the mounting of additional 30 mm cannons of a different type (Rheinmetall-Borsig MK 103) in a WB 103 container.

In addition to a WB 151 container, planes equipped with the R4 kit received two additional 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons mounted under the fuselage. Planes with the R5 kit received a container with four Mauser MG 151/20 cannons, mounted in the bomb bay.

In April 1944, several Me 410 B-2/U4 aircraft received a 37 mm Rheinmetall BK 3.7 aircraft anti-tank cannon for trial.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=me-410b-2_u4 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/227208-messerschmitt-me-410-b-2u4/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer BFW}}
{{Germany strike aircraft}}