War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

Object 775

2023-11-12T00:19:37Z

U45319534: Added many missing sections and links to weapon systems/other tanks.

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_object_775
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

In the mid 1960s, the USSR devised a new idea for a frontline tank destroyer: a low-profile armoured tank with a gun-launcher. By utilizing multiple technologies of the time, namely hydropneumatic suspension, a drum autoloader, and a shortened gun-launcher, the profile of the vehicle could be lowered to a new extreme. The first prototype of this project, the "Object 775" was a more obscure but intriguing piece of military history. With its unique design and the ability to fire anti-tank guided missiles from a concealed, low-profile turret, the Object 775 aimed to be a formidable addition to the Soviet military's arsenal. However, the program faced various challenges, including technical issues with the drum autoloader and hydropneumatic suspension cramped in such a small vehicle, and changing military requirements and Soviet tank doctrine of the era. These hurdles ultimately led to the cancellation of the program to instead focus on the development of a new dedicated MBT armed with an autoloaded 115 mm gun firing APFSDS rounds, resulting in the [[Object 435]] prototype for the future [[T-64 (Family)|T-64]]. The Object 775's story is a reminder of the ever-evolving nature of military technology and the need for constant adaptation to meet the demands of modern warfare.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''', introduced in [[Update "Kings of Battle"]], is definitely unique in its appearance. The Object 775 excels in hidden strikes at most ranges due to its strong [[Anti-tank guided missiles|ATGM]], comically low profile, and decent frontal armour for its battle rating. When utilizing the hydropneumatic suspension and the built-in dozer blade to entrench the tank, the Object 775 can achieve almost complete invisibility from the enemy line of sight in its own "dug-in" cover, using its suspension to "peek" up and take a shot before lowering back down. The Object 775, however, most not be played as a brawler, as its side armour and internal protection is very weak. Due having a large ammo rack around the inside of the tank and only two crew members in the turret, pretty much any penetrating or overpressuring shot is guaranteed to destroy the tank. All in all, the Object 775 builds on the doctrine of Soviet missile tank destroyer engagement, primarily from the preceding [[IT-1]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

The mobility is solidly average. The Object 775 is very similar to the T-62, with a long and narrow chassis coupled to a decent engine. The vehicle will never be first to the fight or to cap points but it is fast enough to fit its playstyle very comfortably.

The vehicle has acceptable terrain-crossing capability but doesn't have the best torque for going up bigger hills or for keeping speed up on bumpy terrain.

{{tankMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|D-126 (125 mm)}}

The 775 is armed with the [[D-126 (125 mm)|125mm D-126]] gun-launcher system. This weapon will be very familiar to tankers who have played the M551 Sheridan before, as the primary ammunition is an ATGM and an HE round. The barrel is very short, helping maintain the stealth of the vehicle. The turret traverse is not very fast so care will need to be taken to pre-aim the gun around any expected enemy avenues of approach.

The Rubin ATGM is a very solid missile, providing users 500mm of penetration while having great speed (550 m/s) and decent range (2.49 miles). The only downside is that right after leaving the barrel, the missile dips down before coming back into the center of the sight, making firing from behind cover difficult.

The BUR High-Explosive rocket is less functional but can be fun to surprise enemies with. The round drops very quickly and there is no laser rangefinder, making anything but point-blank shots an exercise in skill. The warhead contains the equivalent of 3.96kg of TNT, making it a serious threat to lightly armored targets.

Given how condensed the ammunition is, you can comfortably take a full loadout. The main ammo storage is in the front of the tank, protected by heavily sloped armor and internal fuel tanks. The central autoloader holds eight rounds, allowing you to fire a new projectile every . The autoloader also gets replenished extremely fast so running out of ammo in the carousel is not life-threatening, unlike many other ATGM vehicles.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[D-126 (125 mm)|125 mm D-126]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Autoloader
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 24 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+18° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | _.__
|-
! ''Realistic''
| __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:D-126 (125 mm)/Ammunition|Rubin, BUR}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''24''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|PKT (7.62 mm)}}

The only machine gun the 775 has available is a coaxial 7.62mm PKT. This weapon is next to useless as open-top vehicles are exceedingly rare and it doesn't have the targeting speed or power to hurt any air vehicles.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[PKT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm PKT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| || ___ (___) || ___ || __° || __°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

'''Gameplay Summary'''

Object 775 plays very similarly to the [[IT-1]], another rocket only tank in the Soviet Tech tree. However, unlike IT-1, the 775 can also engage somewhat effectively in the CQC if needed. Like most ATGM tank destroyers, being only equipped with the Rubin anti-tank missile can put the 775 at a disadvantage in many situations when facing conventional enemies armed with a cannon, but it does have the capacity to excel in certain situations, like setting ambushes.

'''Close Range Engagement'''

Unlike [[IT-1]], 775 has some chance in CQC due to its very low profile and the adjustable suspension can help to "level" the battlefield. However, player should weight their options, because once committed to the attack, backing out is difficult due to the signature Soviet horrendous reverse speed.

Needless to say, some attention must be paid to your team status as well, as sometimes an enemy might get very bold if all allies surrounding you have died, and since you only have one launcher, fear is all you have to protect the 775 from a large tank squad.

'''Mid to Long Range Engagement'''

The mid to long range is the optimal engagement range for many ATGM tank destroyers and 775 is no exception. However, player must use terrain a bit differently, as unlike IT-1, the 775 doesn't have a top mounted launcher to shoot over the hills but a 125 mm D-126 rifled missile launcher.

=== Pros and cons ===
'''Pros:'''

* Extremely low profile, as well as an adjustable suspension
* Mouse-guided ATGMs
* Autoloaded
* Decent frontal armor

*

'''Cons:'''

* Only two crewmembers
* Autoloader is relatively large
* Terrible reverse speed
* Poor depression and elevation angles
* No heavy caliber machine gun

*

== History ==

=== Devblog History ===
In the early 1960s, the USSR began to develop a promising medium tank with guided missile weapons. Engineers from the Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant presented two prototypes for testing of the Object 775 tank, featuring Rubin anti-tank guided missiles, which are launched from the barrel of the tank. In 1968, the project was closed due to the concentration of efforts on the Object 434 tank project (which became the T-64A). The only surviving Object 775 is on display at the Patriot Park in Kubinka near Moscow.

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
'''Other vehicles with gun-launcher systems'''

* [[M551|M551 Sheridan]] - US light tank
* [[M60A2|M60A2 Starship]] - US medium tank
* [[KPz-70]]/[[MBT-70]]/[[XM-803]] - US/German main battle tanks
* [[AMX-30 ACRA]]/[[AMX-10M]] - French tanks with the 142mm ACRA gun-launcher

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8543-development-object-775-the-flattened-pancake-en|[Devblog] Object 775: The Flattened Pancake]]

{{USSR tank destroyers}}

Ayit

2023-11-11T05:15:44Z

U45319534: /* Survivability and armour */

{{Specs-Card
|code=a_4n
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

In the 1980s, Israel set out to upgrade their A-4 Skyhawk fleet and modernize it. The upgrade package chosen would allow their A-4s to reach a level of equivelance to the US Marine Corps A-4M models. The resulting variant, called the A-4N "Ayit" included the integration of the Elbit ACE-1 HUD, Elbit computers, and the installation of an Elta EL/M-2032 radar, significantly enhancing its air-to-air and air-to-ground capabilities. The A-4N Ayit could carry advanced munitions like the later variants of the AIM-9 Sidewinder and AGM-65 Maverick missiles, making it a potent platform for precision strike missions. IAI (Israel Aircraft Industries) conducted these upgrades, transforming the aging A-4 into a highly capable and modern combat aircraft, which served the IAF until its retirement in the early 2000s. The A-4N Ayit remains a testament to Israel's expertise in aircraft modernization and adaptation.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''', introduced in [[Update "Winged Lions"]], is the most advanced Skyhawk variant in War Thunder. The aircraft is a serious powerhouse in mixed battles thanks to its incredible air-to-air and even more impressive air-to-ground performance. Being fitted with a more powerful engine and a larger arsenal of AAMs and AGMs over other Skyhawks, it can absolutely tear apart teams at its battle rating when used right. It can equip dangerous infrared missiles for air combat and has early access to AGM-65A Maverick air-to-ground missiles for tank busting, easily outranging most anti-air systems at its battle rating. The Ayit however does have serious shortcomings in dedicated air battle modes, due to regularly facing supersonic aircraft and aircraft with countermeasures at its battle rating which can easily counter the Ayit's main tricks. It is advised to play defensively and opportunistically in these modes with the Ayit, preying on any distracted or lonely fighters that underestimate you.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 1,524 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,092 || 1,083 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 32.5 || 33.8 || 51.4 || 50.7 || rowspan="2" | 1,000
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,117 || 1,105 || 31.5 || 32.0 || 83.8 || 67.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,167  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 592 || 563 || 410 || ~8 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 450 || < 700 || < 490 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Pratt & Whitney J52-P-408 || 1
| colspan="2" | 5,055 kg || colspan="3" | 311 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 36m fuel
|-
| 1,052 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 5,795 kg || 6,421 kg || 7,104 kg || 7,523 kg || 11,113 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 36m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 4,516 kgf || N/A
| 0.78 || 0.70 || 0.64 || 0.60 || 0.41
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 4,516 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.78 || 0.70 || 0.64 || 0.60 || 0.41
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

Like all other Skyhawks, the survivability is very poor. The aircraft was designed around the idea of being small and lightweight, which translates to easily taking damage. The two fuel tanks in the wings are not self-sealing and almost always take damage when either wing is hit. The fuel tank behind the pilot is a very large target but does have self-sealing capabilities.

The pilot is well-protected by the standards of many other fighters but that protection is still extremely poor. 2.54mm of steel protects the front, sides, and bottom of the pilot; the rear of the cockpit is unarmored. The front windshield panel contains 50mm of bulletproof glass.

The first time the Ayit takes damage is usually the last time, as any damage to the airframe either completely knocks out the aircraft or hampers its flight performance so badly the aircraft will either crash or be easy prey for the next attack. The Ayit can get away with taking some stray machine gun fire from tanks in mixed battles but any kind of dedicated surface-to-air or air-to-air weaponry will tear it apart.

Another issue for the aircraft is how easily the wings break, especially when carrying heavier air-to-ground weapons. Any speed over about 650 km/h and the wings will snap with the first hard roll or turn. This is a problem for all Skyhawks but, given how much more powerful the Ayit's engine is, it will be a constant source of concern.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Cross}} || {{Cross}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|DEFA 553 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 553 cannons, belly-mounted (150 rpg = 300 total)
* 60 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="9%" | 1 !! width="9%" | 2 !! width="9%" | 3 !! width="9%" | 4 !! width="9%" | 5
| rowspan="19" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_A-4E_Early.png]]</div>
|-
! [[Mk 11 mod 5 (20 mm)|20 mm Mk 11 mod 5]] cannons (750 rpg)
| || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 81 (250 lb)|250 lb LDGP Mk 81]] bombs
| 1 || 6 || 6 || 6 || 1
|-
! [[Mk 81 Snakeye (250 lb)|250 lb Mk 81 Snakeye]] bombs
| 1 || 6 || 6 || 6 || 1
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 82 (500 lb)|500 lb LDGP Mk 82]] bombs
| 1 || 3 || 6 || 3 || 1
|-
! [[Mk 82 Snakeye (500 lb)|500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye]] bombs
| 1 || 3 || 6 || 3 || 1
|-
! [[M117 cone 45 (750 lb)|750 lb M117 cone 45]] bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83]] bombs
| || 1 || 3 || 1 ||
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 84 (2,000 lb)|2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84]] bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[AGM-62A Walleye I ER (510 kg)|510 kg AGM-62A Walleye I ER]] bombs
| || 1 || || 1 ||
|-
! [[GBU-8 (2,000 lb)|2,000 lb GBU-8]] bombs
| || || 1 || ||
|-
! [[BLU-27/B incendiary]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[FFAR Mighty Mouse]] rockets
| 19 || 38 || 57 || 38 || 19
|-
! [[Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP]] rockets
| 4 || 8 || 12 || 8 || 4
|-
! [[AGM-12B Bullpup]] missiles
| 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1
|-
! [[AGM-65A]] missiles
| || || 3 || ||
|-
! [[AIM-9D Sidewinder]] missiles
| 1 || || || || 1
|-
! [[Shafrir 2]] missiles
| 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1
|-
| colspan="6" | Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 1,000 kg
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* Without load
* 2 x Shafrir 2 missiles
* 4 x Shafrir 2 missiles
* 2 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles
* 171 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 36 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets
* 4 x AGM-12B Bullpup missiles
* 20 x 250 lb Mk 81 Snakeye bombs (5,000 lb total)
* 14 x 500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye bombs (7,000 lb total)
* 20 x 250 lb LDGP Mk 81 bombs (5,000 lb total)
* 14 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (7,000 lb total)
* 3 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (2,250 lb total)
* 5 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (5,000 lb total)
* 3 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bombs (6,000 lb total)
* 5 x BLU-27/B incendiary bombs
* 2 x 510 kg AGM-62A Walleye I ER bombs (1,020 kg total)
* 3 x AGM-65A missiles
* 1 x 2,000 lb GBU-8 bomb (2,000 lb total)
* 3 x 20 mm Mk 11 mod 5 cannons (750 rpg = 2,250 total)
{{Navigation-End}}

Ayit's arsenal is a massive upgrade compared to the previous Israeli A-4E. Plenty of unguided bombs and rockets are available as usual, and the ballistic computer now offers CCIP on top of the existing CCRP capability. However it still lacks CCIP for rockets, so the Ayit is not a first-rate rocket sled despite having a large capacity for rocket pods.

Two options are available for air-to-air ordnance, the domestic [[Shafrir 2]] missile and the American [[AIM-9D Sidewinder|AIM-9D]], much improved over the [[A-4E (Israel)|A-4E]]'s [[AIM-9B Sidewinder|AIM-9B]] Sidewinders. Both have overloads of 18 G, which is very good for its battle rating, and enemies will need to put significant effort into dodging them kinetically. The AIM-9D has a better seeker and somewhat longer range while the Shafrir 2 offers an uncaged seeker. The Sidewinder will be the best choice for higher altitudes and longer ranges while the Shafrir will serve best in closer-range dogfights where the uncaged seeker really shines.

Air-to-ground capability is where the Ayit truly comes into its own. MCLOS [[AGM-12B Bullpup|Bullpup]] missiles will provide experienced pilots with a hard-hitting, precision ground strike capability. [[AGM-62A Walleye I ER (510 kg)|AGM-62A]] Walleye and [[GBU-8 (2,000 lb)|GBU-8]] TV-guided glide bombs allow fire-and-forget bombing, while the triple rack of [[AGM-65A|AGM-65A Mavericks]] gives pilots an extremely powerful weapon against any armored ground target. Although less powerful than the later [[AGM-65B]] and [[AGM-65D]], they are the lowest BR Mavericks in the game.

== Usage in battles ==


The Ayit can be used in a multitude of roles such as a fighter, bomber, or ground attacker due to its variety of armaments and good performance.

'''Fighter'''

Players that plan to use it as a fighter will not be disappointed by its air-to-air armament. Mounted with 2 x [[DEFA 553 (30 mm)|30 mm DEFA]] cannons, gun kills will be quick and simple, but users should be aware of the DEFA's limited range. There is also an option for up to three 20 mm gunpods which can be mounted on either wing and/or centerline of the aircraft. The wing-mounted gunpods will take up valuable missile slots, so players who wish for a bit more firepower against aircraft should equip only the center-line gunpod. The Ayit has access to two different air-to-air missiles, the Shafrir 2 and the AIM-9D. Both missiles are very good for the battle rating and the best loadout will be the 2x Shafrir 2 and 2x AIM-9D. Shafrir 2's should be used for close range and slower targets as these missiles can be kinematically evaded by manoeuvrable fighters like the [[MiG-17]] or [[MiG-19 (Family)|MiG-19]]. Shafrir 2's also have an uncaged seeker which can be utilized for leading the missile which helps in close-range launches. On the other hand, the AIM-9D does not have an uncaged seeker which is a detriment in close-range launches but the missile can hit longer-range targets and is incredibly hard to kinematically evade. For the best performance against aircraft, players should choose the low-fuel option to reduce the chance of overloading the wings and to stay light as possible. The Ayit also has countermeasures so missiles like the [[AIM-9G]] and [[R-60]] can be easily evaded. Because of its strong engine, the Ayit can accelerate very well. However, due to the delta wing design, it will quickly lose energy with extensive turning so players should be wary of getting into prolonged fights.

'''Attacker/Bomber'''

For ground attacks and bombing, the Ayit has a lot of options. From air-to-ground missiles, guided bombs, and regular dumb bombs and rockets, players can equip a variety of weapons with custom loadouts. The dumb bombs have CCIP/CCRP which will allow for accurate drops but the rockets and cannons do not. For bombing, the dumb bombs will give the most tonnage but the [[BLU-27/B incendiary|BLU-27]] incendiary bombs can also be used to take out bases. Players who plan to ground attack in Air RB should note the map before spawning in. Some maps (City) have simple models for ground vehicles which can easily be taken out by either the 30 mm or 20 mm cannon. However, many new maps (Sinai, Vietnam, etc) have detailed ground vehicles that will require more than just cannons to take out. For those targets, the best option would be to use guided weaponry, dumb bombs, or rockets if one is accustomed to using them. Against stationary ground targets like AA or light pillboxes, the cannons will easily destroy them.

'''Common Enemies'''

The [[F-104A]] is a common foe for the Ayit. It is the same battle rating in realistic battles as the Ayit and is a popular plane due to its immense speed. However, the F-104A struggles with maneuverability, so Ayit users can reverse a Starfighter and quickly get on their six for a quick window to get a missile off. If an Ayit user is unable to fire a missile off then it will be best to go back to level flight and try to run to a friendly or wait for another reversal attempt. This same process applies to many other flareless supersonic fighters like the [[MiG-21F-13|MiG-21F]]/[[MiG-21S (R-13-300)|S]] and [[MiG-19_(Family)|MiG-19]]. Unlike the Starfighter, both of these planes are more maneuverable and can be a bit more difficult to get a reversal done. As for subsonic jets like the [[F-86F-2]] or [[MiG-17]], the Ayit can use its quick acceleration and top speed to run away or get into a better position for a dogfight. Reversals can also be done against these targets due to the Ayit's ability to quickly bleed energy but these should not be performed with multiple enemies around. It will also be much more difficult to do this maneuver since subsonic aircraft will have a far lower closure rate compared to supersonic jets. The Ayit will also struggle in vertical fights due to how quickly it will lose energy compared to planes like the MiG-17. Players should try and avoid these types of fights whenever possible.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Has access to a large variety of mixed loadouts, including AGM-65 Mavericks and superior AIM-9D/Shafrir 2 missiles
* Has the strongest engine among all Skyhawks in-game which allows it to accelerate very well
* Hard-hitting DEFA 553 cannons with a lot of ammunition
* Excellent roll rate and turn rate
* Has access to RWR, flares, and chaff

'''Cons:'''

* Wings rip very easily during high-G turns
* No CCIP for the guns or rockets
* DEFA 553 cannons have rather low muzzle velocity, which makes them harder to aim than most guns
* Aircraft performance can become unresponsive when carrying heavy loadouts
* Very average top speed which quickly becomes outclassed in uptiers

== History ==

In the years between 1972 and 1976, Israel received 117 upgraded A-4Ms called the A-4N. The A-4N ("Ayit" which means eagle) received many updated avionics over the standard A-4M while retaining the J52-P-408 engine. These updates included new computers, a heads-up display, a mapping, and range radar (AN/APQ-145), ECM homing and warning receiver (AN/APR-36/37), and more. The A-4N also received 2 DEFA 30 mm cannons, unlike the A-4M which had 2 20 millimeter cannons. In addition, the cockpit was revised for better visibility.

In 1968, Israel launched a program to upgrade the Super Mystere with the Pratt & Whitney J52 to replace the original Atar 101. This program was launched in order to make the Super Mystere more similar to the A-4 Skyhawks Israel had at the time which also had the J52. In order to fit the J52, major structural redesigns were needed and one of these changes included an extension of the tailpipe. During the Yom Kippur War in 1973, a year after Israel started receiving A-4Ns, Israeli officials noticed that although the upgraded Super Mysteres and A-4Ns flew almost the exact same type of missions and faced the same type of enemies, fewer Super Mysteres were being lost to missiles than the A-4Ns. Further analysis proved that the extension of the tailpipe from the upgraded Super Mystere moved the missile's detonation further away from the aircraft, thus leading to less damage and a lower loss rate. The A-4N was recommended to receive a similar type of tailpipe which is why A-4Ns after 1973 have an extended tailpipe. Israel continued using the A-4N until it was fully retired in 2015, 43 years after it was introduced into service.

A few A-4Ns were acquired by Top Aces and Draken International. Draken International, a US-based company, provided training for the Air National Guard with their acquired A-4Ns. Top Aces has used A-4Ns for training the Canadian, Australian, and German armed forces.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=a_4n Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[A-4 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.ru/index.php?/topic/318989-a-4n-israel/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance | Russian forum only]

{{AirManufacturer Douglas}}
{{Israel jet aircraft}}

Ayit

2023-11-11T05:15:11Z

U45319534: Added a clearer description of some of the weaponry, added the survivability section, generic grammar and clarity edits.

{{Specs-Card
|code=a_4n
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

In the 1980s, Israel set out to upgrade their A-4 Skyhawk fleet and modernize it. The upgrade package chosen would allow their A-4s to reach a level of equivelance to the US Marine Corps A-4M models. The resulting variant, called the A-4N "Ayit" included the integration of the Elbit ACE-1 HUD, Elbit computers, and the installation of an Elta EL/M-2032 radar, significantly enhancing its air-to-air and air-to-ground capabilities. The A-4N Ayit could carry advanced munitions like the later variants of the AIM-9 Sidewinder and AGM-65 Maverick missiles, making it a potent platform for precision strike missions. IAI (Israel Aircraft Industries) conducted these upgrades, transforming the aging A-4 into a highly capable and modern combat aircraft, which served the IAF until its retirement in the early 2000s. The A-4N Ayit remains a testament to Israel's expertise in aircraft modernization and adaptation.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''', introduced in [[Update "Winged Lions"]], is the most advanced Skyhawk variant in War Thunder. The aircraft is a serious powerhouse in mixed battles thanks to its incredible air-to-air and even more impressive air-to-ground performance. Being fitted with a more powerful engine and a larger arsenal of AAMs and AGMs over other Skyhawks, it can absolutely tear apart teams at its battle rating when used right. It can equip dangerous infrared missiles for air combat and has early access to AGM-65A Maverick air-to-ground missiles for tank busting, easily outranging most anti-air systems at its battle rating. The Ayit however does have serious shortcomings in dedicated air battle modes, due to regularly facing supersonic aircraft and aircraft with countermeasures at its battle rating which can easily counter the Ayit's main tricks. It is advised to play defensively and opportunistically in these modes with the Ayit, preying on any distracted or lonely fighters that underestimate you.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 1,524 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,092 || 1,083 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 32.5 || 33.8 || 51.4 || 50.7 || rowspan="2" | 1,000
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,117 || 1,105 || 31.5 || 32.0 || 83.8 || 67.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,167  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 592 || 563 || 410 || ~8 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 450 || < 700 || < 490 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Pratt & Whitney J52-P-408 || 1
| colspan="2" | 5,055 kg || colspan="3" | 311 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 36m fuel
|-
| 1,052 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 5,795 kg || 6,421 kg || 7,104 kg || 7,523 kg || 11,113 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 36m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 4,516 kgf || N/A
| 0.78 || 0.70 || 0.64 || 0.60 || 0.41
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 4,516 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.78 || 0.70 || 0.64 || 0.60 || 0.41
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

Like all other Skyhawks, the survivability is very poor. The aircraft was designed around the idea of being small and lightweight, which translates to easily taking damage. The two fuel tanks in the wings are not self-sealing and almost always take damage when either wing is hit. The fuel tank behind the pilot is a very large target but does have self-sealing capabilities.

The pilot is well-protected by the standards of many other fighters but that protection is still extremely poor. 2.54mm of steel protects the front, sides, and bottom of the pilot; the rear of the cockpit is unarmored. The front windshield panel contains 50mm of bulletproof glass.

The first time the Ayit takes damage is usually the last time, as any damage to the airframe either completely knocks out the aircraft or hampers its flight performance so badly the aircraft will either crash or be easy prey for the next attack. The Ayit can get away with taking some stray machine gun fire from tanks in mixed battles but any kind of dedicated surface-to-air or air-to-air weaponry will tear it apart.

Another issue for the aircraft is how easily the wings break, especially when carrying heavier air-to-ground weapons. Any speed over about 650 km/h and the wings will snap with the first hard roll or turn. This is a problem for all Skyhawks but, given how much more powerful the Ayit's engine is, it will be a constant source of concern.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Cross}} || {{Cross}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|DEFA 553 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 553 cannons, belly-mounted (150 rpg = 300 total)
* 60 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="9%" | 1 !! width="9%" | 2 !! width="9%" | 3 !! width="9%" | 4 !! width="9%" | 5
| rowspan="19" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_A-4E_Early.png]]</div>
|-
! [[Mk 11 mod 5 (20 mm)|20 mm Mk 11 mod 5]] cannons (750 rpg)
| || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 81 (250 lb)|250 lb LDGP Mk 81]] bombs
| 1 || 6 || 6 || 6 || 1
|-
! [[Mk 81 Snakeye (250 lb)|250 lb Mk 81 Snakeye]] bombs
| 1 || 6 || 6 || 6 || 1
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 82 (500 lb)|500 lb LDGP Mk 82]] bombs
| 1 || 3 || 6 || 3 || 1
|-
! [[Mk 82 Snakeye (500 lb)|500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye]] bombs
| 1 || 3 || 6 || 3 || 1
|-
! [[M117 cone 45 (750 lb)|750 lb M117 cone 45]] bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83]] bombs
| || 1 || 3 || 1 ||
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 84 (2,000 lb)|2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84]] bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[AGM-62A Walleye I ER (510 kg)|510 kg AGM-62A Walleye I ER]] bombs
| || 1 || || 1 ||
|-
! [[GBU-8 (2,000 lb)|2,000 lb GBU-8]] bombs
| || || 1 || ||
|-
! [[BLU-27/B incendiary]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[FFAR Mighty Mouse]] rockets
| 19 || 38 || 57 || 38 || 19
|-
! [[Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP]] rockets
| 4 || 8 || 12 || 8 || 4
|-
! [[AGM-12B Bullpup]] missiles
| 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1
|-
! [[AGM-65A]] missiles
| || || 3 || ||
|-
! [[AIM-9D Sidewinder]] missiles
| 1 || || || || 1
|-
! [[Shafrir 2]] missiles
| 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1
|-
| colspan="6" | Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 1,000 kg
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* Without load
* 2 x Shafrir 2 missiles
* 4 x Shafrir 2 missiles
* 2 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles
* 171 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 36 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets
* 4 x AGM-12B Bullpup missiles
* 20 x 250 lb Mk 81 Snakeye bombs (5,000 lb total)
* 14 x 500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye bombs (7,000 lb total)
* 20 x 250 lb LDGP Mk 81 bombs (5,000 lb total)
* 14 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (7,000 lb total)
* 3 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (2,250 lb total)
* 5 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (5,000 lb total)
* 3 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bombs (6,000 lb total)
* 5 x BLU-27/B incendiary bombs
* 2 x 510 kg AGM-62A Walleye I ER bombs (1,020 kg total)
* 3 x AGM-65A missiles
* 1 x 2,000 lb GBU-8 bomb (2,000 lb total)
* 3 x 20 mm Mk 11 mod 5 cannons (750 rpg = 2,250 total)
{{Navigation-End}}

Ayit's arsenal is a massive upgrade compared to the previous Israeli A-4E. Plenty of unguided bombs and rockets are available as usual, and the ballistic computer now offers CCIP on top of the existing CCRP capability. However it still lacks CCIP for rockets, so the Ayit is not a first-rate rocket sled despite having a large capacity for rocket pods.

Two options are available for air-to-air ordnance, the domestic [[Shafrir 2]] missile and the American [[AIM-9D Sidewinder|AIM-9D]], much improved over the [[A-4E (Israel)|A-4E]]'s [[AIM-9B Sidewinder|AIM-9B]] Sidewinders. Both have overloads of 18 G, which is very good for its battle rating, and enemies will need to put significant effort into dodging them kinetically. The AIM-9D has a better seeker and somewhat longer range while the Shafrir 2 offers an uncaged seeker. The Sidewinder will be the best choice for higher altitudes and longer ranges while the Shafrir will serve best in closer-range dogfights where the uncaged seeker really shines.

Air-to-ground capability is where the Ayit truly comes into its own. MCLOS [[AGM-12B Bullpup|Bullpup]] missiles will provide experienced pilots with a hard-hitting, precision ground strike capability. [[AGM-62A Walleye I ER (510 kg)|AGM-62A]] Walleye and [[GBU-8 (2,000 lb)|GBU-8]] TV-guided glide bombs allow fire-and-forget bombing, while the triple rack of [[AGM-65A|AGM-65A Mavericks]] gives pilots an extremely powerful weapon against any armored ground target. Although less powerful than the later [[AGM-65B]] and [[AGM-65D]], they are the lowest BR Mavericks in the game.

== Usage in battles ==


The Ayit can be used in a multitude of roles such as a fighter, bomber, or ground attacker due to its variety of armaments and good performance.

'''Fighter'''

Players that plan to use it as a fighter will not be disappointed by its air-to-air armament. Mounted with 2 x [[DEFA 553 (30 mm)|30 mm DEFA]] cannons, gun kills will be quick and simple, but users should be aware of the DEFA's limited range. There is also an option for up to three 20 mm gunpods which can be mounted on either wing and/or centerline of the aircraft. The wing-mounted gunpods will take up valuable missile slots, so players who wish for a bit more firepower against aircraft should equip only the center-line gunpod. The Ayit has access to two different air-to-air missiles, the Shafrir 2 and the AIM-9D. Both missiles are very good for the battle rating and the best loadout will be the 2x Shafrir 2 and 2x AIM-9D. Shafrir 2's should be used for close range and slower targets as these missiles can be kinematically evaded by manoeuvrable fighters like the [[MiG-17]] or [[MiG-19 (Family)|MiG-19]]. Shafrir 2's also have an uncaged seeker which can be utilized for leading the missile which helps in close-range launches. On the other hand, the AIM-9D does not have an uncaged seeker which is a detriment in close-range launches but the missile can hit longer-range targets and is incredibly hard to kinematically evade. For the best performance against aircraft, players should choose the low-fuel option to reduce the chance of overloading the wings and to stay light as possible. The Ayit also has countermeasures so missiles like the [[AIM-9G]] and [[R-60]] can be easily evaded. Because of its strong engine, the Ayit can accelerate very well. However, due to the delta wing design, it will quickly lose energy with extensive turning so players should be wary of getting into prolonged fights.

'''Attacker/Bomber'''

For ground attacks and bombing, the Ayit has a lot of options. From air-to-ground missiles, guided bombs, and regular dumb bombs and rockets, players can equip a variety of weapons with custom loadouts. The dumb bombs have CCIP/CCRP which will allow for accurate drops but the rockets and cannons do not. For bombing, the dumb bombs will give the most tonnage but the [[BLU-27/B incendiary|BLU-27]] incendiary bombs can also be used to take out bases. Players who plan to ground attack in Air RB should note the map before spawning in. Some maps (City) have simple models for ground vehicles which can easily be taken out by either the 30 mm or 20 mm cannon. However, many new maps (Sinai, Vietnam, etc) have detailed ground vehicles that will require more than just cannons to take out. For those targets, the best option would be to use guided weaponry, dumb bombs, or rockets if one is accustomed to using them. Against stationary ground targets like AA or light pillboxes, the cannons will easily destroy them.

'''Common Enemies'''

The [[F-104A]] is a common foe for the Ayit. It is the same battle rating in realistic battles as the Ayit and is a popular plane due to its immense speed. However, the F-104A struggles with maneuverability, so Ayit users can reverse a Starfighter and quickly get on their six for a quick window to get a missile off. If an Ayit user is unable to fire a missile off then it will be best to go back to level flight and try to run to a friendly or wait for another reversal attempt. This same process applies to many other flareless supersonic fighters like the [[MiG-21F-13|MiG-21F]]/[[MiG-21S (R-13-300)|S]] and [[MiG-19_(Family)|MiG-19]]. Unlike the Starfighter, both of these planes are more maneuverable and can be a bit more difficult to get a reversal done. As for subsonic jets like the [[F-86F-2]] or [[MiG-17]], the Ayit can use its quick acceleration and top speed to run away or get into a better position for a dogfight. Reversals can also be done against these targets due to the Ayit's ability to quickly bleed energy but these should not be performed with multiple enemies around. It will also be much more difficult to do this maneuver since subsonic aircraft will have a far lower closure rate compared to supersonic jets. The Ayit will also struggle in vertical fights due to how quickly it will lose energy compared to planes like the MiG-17. Players should try and avoid these types of fights whenever possible.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Has access to a large variety of mixed loadouts, including AGM-65 Mavericks and superior AIM-9D/Shafrir 2 missiles
* Has the strongest engine among all Skyhawks in-game which allows it to accelerate very well
* Hard-hitting DEFA 553 cannons with a lot of ammunition
* Excellent roll rate and turn rate
* Has access to RWR, flares, and chaff

'''Cons:'''

* Wings rip very easily during high-G turns
* No CCIP for the guns or rockets
* DEFA 553 cannons have rather low muzzle velocity, which makes them harder to aim than most guns
* Aircraft performance can become unresponsive when carrying heavy loadouts
* Very average top speed which quickly becomes outclassed in uptiers

== History ==

In the years between 1972 and 1976, Israel received 117 upgraded A-4Ms called the A-4N. The A-4N ("Ayit" which means eagle) received many updated avionics over the standard A-4M while retaining the J52-P-408 engine. These updates included new computers, a heads-up display, a mapping, and range radar (AN/APQ-145), ECM homing and warning receiver (AN/APR-36/37), and more. The A-4N also received 2 DEFA 30 mm cannons, unlike the A-4M which had 2 20 millimeter cannons. In addition, the cockpit was revised for better visibility.

In 1968, Israel launched a program to upgrade the Super Mystere with the Pratt & Whitney J52 to replace the original Atar 101. This program was launched in order to make the Super Mystere more similar to the A-4 Skyhawks Israel had at the time which also had the J52. In order to fit the J52, major structural redesigns were needed and one of these changes included an extension of the tailpipe. During the Yom Kippur War in 1973, a year after Israel started receiving A-4Ns, Israeli officials noticed that although the upgraded Super Mysteres and A-4Ns flew almost the exact same type of missions and faced the same type of enemies, fewer Super Mysteres were being lost to missiles than the A-4Ns. Further analysis proved that the extension of the tailpipe from the upgraded Super Mystere moved the missile's detonation further away from the aircraft, thus leading to less damage and a lower loss rate. The A-4N was recommended to receive a similar type of tailpipe which is why A-4Ns after 1973 have an extended tailpipe. Israel continued using the A-4N until it was fully retired in 2015, 43 years after it was introduced into service.

A few A-4Ns were acquired by Top Aces and Draken International. Draken International, a US-based company, provided training for the Air National Guard with their acquired A-4Ns. Top Aces has used A-4Ns for training the Canadian, Australian, and German armed forces.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=a_4n Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[A-4 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.ru/index.php?/topic/318989-a-4n-israel/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance | Russian forum only]

{{AirManufacturer Douglas}}
{{Israel jet aircraft}}

Hunter F.58 (Germany)

2023-11-11T04:50:58Z

U45319534: Added a bit of extra info, made the pro/con area more concise.

{{About
|about = squadron jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage = other versions
|link = Hunter (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=hunter_f58_switzerland
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' with a tail number of J-4020, was one of the Hawker Hunters in Swiss Air Force service and a member of the ''Patrouille Suisse'' ("Swiss Patrol") Aerobatic Team. This aircraft with factory code 41H-691768 was first flown on 4th February 1958, and subsequently joined the Swiss Air Force during the 1960s alongside another 87 F.58 (exported [[Hunter F.6|F.6]]). These jets were further upgraded under the KAWEST (Kampfwertsteigerung; Increased Operational Performance) in 1964 with RWR, an ECM pod, and chaff dispensers,as well as capabilities to launch AIM-9 and AGM-65B, turning it into a multi-role fighter for the Swiss until they were replaced by the [[F-5E]]. The remaining fleet of Hunters with the special livery of the ''Patrouille Suisse'' eventually retired in 1994 and the jet represented in-game is currently displayed at the northern corner of Dübendorf Airfield on the outskirts of Zurich.

The jet was introduced in [[Update "Sky Guardians"]] as a squadron vehicle in the German aviation tech tree and introduced Switzerland into the game. Unlike the [[Hunter FGA.9|FGA.9]] or [[Hunter F.6|F.6]] in the British tech tree, the F.58 has access to more advanced missile options including the AIM-9P and AGM-65B, as well as RWR and countermeasures to fend against enemy acquisition. Although it will face more advanced supersonic jets which sometimes have radar-guided missiles or all-aspect AAMs, if picking enemies which has depleted their energy or lacking situation awareness, the ADEN autocannons and missiles will make very short work of them, while the Hunter can fly away from the battlefield with its good energy retention and countermeasures onboard.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Hunter F.58 performs similar to other Hunters, particularly the [[Hunter FGA.9]], as they host the same Rolls-Royce Avon Mk.207 powerplant. As with most other Hunters, the F.58 handles poorly at low speeds, thus, turning and rate fighting is not advised. However, thanks to a decent acceleration, the Hunter can reach speeds exceeding 800 km/h. The Hunter at higher speeds possess quite a decent turn rate, able to maintain 9-10 Gs. Coupled with the excellent energy retention of this aircraft, the Hunter F.58 can be a formidable aircraft in the hands of a competent pilot.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,138 || 1,132 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.5 || 26.3 || 53.3 || 46.2 || rowspan="2" | 820
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,158 || 1,148 || 24.6 || 25.0 || 88.5 || 69.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,225  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 603 || 581 || 465 || ~14 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 850 || < 600 || < 690 || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="3" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="1" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full internal fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Rolls-Royce Avon Mk.207 || 1
| colspan="1" | 6,209 kg || colspan="2" | 240 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="2" | Mass with internal fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 3m fuel || 13m fuel
|-
| 1,175 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 6,620 kg || 7,578 kg || 10,216 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="3" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 3m fuel || 13m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 4,272 kgf || -
| 0.65 || 0.56 || 0.42
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 5,229 kgf (1,225 km/h) || -
| 0.79 || 0.69 || 0.51
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

Like other Hunter variants, the Hunter F.58 has quite a survivable airframe. Being able to withstand hits from medium-calibre cannon fire, even being able to withstand hits to critical components such as the wings, engine, etc. However, like most other aircraft, the Hunter is not a bunker. Large-calibre cannons like ADENs will easily tear your plane apart.

The Hunter, like all other variants, feature only a 64 mm bullet proof glass in front of the pilot, with a 12.7 mm steel plate behind the pilot.

This Hunter, however, unlike any other Hunter variant, features 60 countermeasures for use against guided munitions.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|ADEN (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 30 mm ADEN cannons, chin-mounted (150 rpg = 600 total)
* 60 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="4%" | 1 !! width="4%" | 2 !! width="4%" | 3 !! width="4%" | 4 !! width="4%" | 5 !! width="4%" | 6 !! width="4%" | 7 !! width="4%" | 8 !! width="4%" | 9 !! width="4%" | 10 !! width="4%" | 11 !! width="4%" | 12
| rowspan="10" width="25%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! [[Sprengbombe (200 kg)|200 kg Sprengbombe]] bombs
| || 1, 2* || || || || || || || || || 1, 2* ||
|-
! [[Sprengbombe (400 kg)|400 kg Sprengbombe]] bombs
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Sprengbombe 68/70 (450 kg)|450 kg Sprengbombe 68/70]] bombs
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[FeBb Napalmbombe incendiary]] bombs
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Flz.-Rakete Oerlikon]] rockets
| 2* || || 2 || 2 || || 4 || 4 || || 2 || 2 || || 2*
|-
! [[Flz Lwf 63/80]] missiles
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Flz Lwf LB 82]] missiles
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! 150 gal drop tanks
| || || || || 1 || || || 1 || || || ||
|-
| colspan="13" | Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 500 kg
|-
| colspan="14" | * Dual bombs on hardpoints 2/11 cannot be equipped in conjunction with rockets on hardpoints 1/12 respectively
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* 2 x 150 gal drop tanks
* 2 x Flz Lwf 63/80 missiles
* 4 x 200 kg Sprengbombe bombs (800 kg total)
* 2 x FeBb Napalmbombe incendiary bombs
* 2 x 400 kg Sprengbombe bombs (800 kg total)
* 2 x 450 kg Sprengbombe 68/70 bombs (900 kg total)
* 20 x Flz.-Rakete Oerlikon rockets
* 2 x Flz Lwf LB 82 missiles
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==

The Hunter F.58 is a transonic aircraft in level flight but can reach supersonic speed in a dive (but rated at exactly M1.0 before structural failure). That means that it is faster than other subsonic aircraft (one of the fastest subsonic jet, just behind the duo "Jump-jet": [[Yak-38M]] and [[AV-8C|US Harriers]]) it will face, but slower than early supersonic aircraft like the [[F-100D]] and the [[MiG-19PT]]. Thanks to the upgrades by Swiss in 1964, the F.58 received more self-defense equipment such as all-aspect RWR and 60 countermeasures onboard - it can be said that the jet is old but not obsolete.

==== Air - the Swiss Patrol ====
A thumb of rule for jet fighters is that: always maintain your energy for any situation. Thanks to its excellent design and sufficiently high engine power for such a huge jet, the energy retention is almost an order of magnitude higher than supersonic aircraft, which bleed speed in sharp turns, this can be both a blessing and a curse, when in a prolonged turning engagement, your energy retention advantage will allow you to pull away from a supersonic at the end of a turn; however, a plane such as the F-100D can trade its AoA with its speed to stay on your tail. In many situations, when you have a supersonic on your tail, making them overshoot is very difficult, but if you can, the [[Flz Lwf 63/80]] will make short work of them as finishing them off from afar is always better than being forced into a dogfight (where most subsonic fighters don't have countermeasures). When facing subsonic aircraft, simply outrun them with your superior speed and gain sufficient distance for a return; try not to engage in a turnfight with subsonic aircraft such as MiGs (15 and 17, both Russian and Chinese variants) and late variants of the F-86 Sabre (starting from F-86F-25 which feature slats; while F-86K or Canadair Sabres have better engine to keep up with Hunter), as they are often able to best you in a dogfight, especially at low speeds, where the Hunter really shows its weaknesses - its huge size and worse manoeuvrability at such speed. The plane, under most circumstances, does not rip it's wings, even under extended, high G turns; although if you combine a 9-10 G turn and roll or yaw, the plane can rip. Unlike some other planes, you have almost no chance of making it back to the airfield with a broken wing. This Hunter also has access to the Flz Lwf 63/80 air-to-air missiles, which work as [[AIM-9P Sidewinder]]; for players who have been used to AIM-9E or SRAAM on other Hunters, the 63/80 can make sure careless players who don't check their 6 o'clock meet their end quickly.

Another note for the Hunter is that, thanks to the upgrades mentioned before, players can now more confident when facing later supersonic jets with SARH missiles like F-4C or MiG-21S. This will also be the good time to learn about the characteristics of SARH missiles - with up to 60 chaffs available, flying sideways and dive for terrain while dispensing chaffs can make sure enemy SARH missiles will likely uncage from yourself.

==== Ground - the Lesser Ground-pounder ====
While Swiss purchased the F.58 variant which was based on the F.6 with ground-attack capabilities, likely due to the revised avionics onboard or the need for drop tanks, the payload options is in fact relatively less than his Commonwealth cousins: only the outer-board pylon could carry bombs, unguided rockets and the [[Flz Lwf LB 82]] (AGM-65B) missiles. Although there are alternatives with more payload such as [[F-84F (Germany)|F-84F]] or with more AGMs like [[G.91 R/3 (Germany)|G.91 R/3]], if players insist to bring out Hunter, the varieties of bombs ranging from 200 to 450 kg, as well as unguided rockets and napalms can still make sure it can score some victories at cleared skies (cleared from SPAAs or enemy interceptors); due to the lack of ballistic computer, players will still have to learn the trajectory of different payloads in test flights. As mentioned before, what makes F.58 stand out is the LB 82 missiles, players of USAF tree will be happy to learn that it is the other name of AGM-65B Maverick but under Swiss designation; this also makes it the second-earliest jet to equip the Maverick stand-off missiles (after [[Ayit|Israel's 9.3 Ayit]] with AGM-65A's) against high-threat targets such as Soviet MBTs or SPAA with missile systems onboard. Be sure to utilize the upgraded avionics for better situational awareness from different threats - the speed of the Hunter is still valuable even at its tier with supersonic jets.

=== Pros and cons ===
'''Pros:'''

* Sufficient ammo pool to take down multiple targets
* One of the fastest subsonic jets, retains good maneuverability at higher speeds
* Good energy retention for energy fights against subsonic or early supersonic jets
* Access to more advanced missiles for both A2A/A2G missions
* Advanced avionics over all its Hunter cousins
** All-aspect RWR for situational awareness
** Flares/chaff to help counter those types of missiles

*

'''Cons:'''

* Huge target, can be easy prey to enemy gunfire
* Not maneuverable at lower speeds due to its size
* Lacks ballistic computer for precise ground attacks
* Relatively limited payload options due to pylon layouts

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=hunter_f58_switzerland Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="200">
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper001.jpg
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper002.jpg
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper003.jpg
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper004.jpg
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper005.jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|WgmbLGEVWGg|'''The Shooting Range #352''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:23 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|IHFTE_5EtH8|'''And The Best Hunter Award Goes To.... Germany - Hunter F.58 -Sky Guardians''' - ''DEFYN''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Hunter (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8142-development-squadron-vehicles-hunter-f-58-en|[Devblog] Squadron vehicles: Hunter F.58]]

{{AirManufacturer Hawker}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}
{{Squadron aircraft}}

USS Phelps

2023-02-27T00:39:40Z

U45319534: A bit of grammar, clarified some pro/cons

{{Specs-Card
|code=us_destroyer_porter_1944
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=USS Phelps (DD-360) (USA)
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} American destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]] as a reward for [[:Category:World War|World War]] [[Season 2: Attack from the Sea]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}
USS Phelps has below-average survivability for an American destroyer, but still enough to remain competitive at its BR. It has a small crew complement of just 194 crew members, meaning that it tends to die faster in prolonged brawls than other destroyers at its BR. However, it does have the 16 mm anti-fragmentation armour belt found on American destroyers, which greatly enhances its survivability - this belt can block HE shells up to 76 mm and most smaller-calibre AP rounds as well. Note that the ship's guns feature ready-racks directly underneath, similar to other American destroyers - a well-placed hit to these racks can explode the shells and cause serious damage, or even kill the ship directly.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
In terms of mobility, Phelps is pretty average. The ship has a maximum speed of 84 km/h in AB and 69 km/h in RB, which is pretty average for destroyers, being eclipsed by the Soviet and Japanese destroyers. The ship is relatively responsive in terms of acceleration and turning circle, but again, average among its contemporaries.

{{NavalMobility
|SpeedForwardStockAB = 62
|SpeedBackStockAB = 26
|TurnTimeStockAB = 134.833
|TurnSpeedStockAB = 43
}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

[[File:Phelps primaries.jpg|thumb|All primary turrets firing broadside, benefiting from a wide angle of fire]]
{{main|5 inch/38 Mk.12 (127 mm)}}

USS Phelps is equipped with five 5"/38 (12.7 cm) Mark 12 guns mounted in two dual and one single dual-purpose turrets - the dual turrets are mounted one fore and one aft while the single turret superfires over the aft dual turret. These guns are extremely effective against surface and air targets alike, and are capable of firing at an obscene 22 rounds per minute while using first-stage ammunition. The weapon also has a very good vertical and horizontal rotation speed, and is capable of engaging aircraft due to its high-angle capability (up to 85 degrees).

The Phelps gets access to the standard three shell types - Mk.34 AAC, Mk.46 Common SP, and Mk.31 AAVT. The SP is typically the best pick for heavier-armoured targets such as cruisers, while the AAC shell works better against unarmoured targets due to its large explosive filler. The Mk.31 AAVT is a great option for dealing with air targets due to its proximity fuse - a single direct hit should be enough to destroy an incoming bomber.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 1,000 m !! 2,500 m !! 5,000 m !! 7,500 m !! 10,000 m !! 15,000 m
|-
| AAC Mk.34 || HE || 36 || 36 || 36 || 36 || 36 || 36
|-
| Common Mk.32 || Common || 124 || 103 || 77 || 58 || 46 || 37
|-
| SP Common Mk.46 || SP Common || 150 || 125 || 93 || 71 || 56 || 45
|-
| AAVT Mk.31 || HE-VT || 36 || 36 || 36 || 36 || 36 || 36
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (s)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| AAC Mk.34 || HE || 792 || 25 || 0 || 0.1 || 3,220 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| Common Mk.32 || Common || 792 || 24.49 || 0.01 || 6 || 1,150 || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| SP Common Mk.46 || SP Common || 792 || 25 || 0.01 || 6 || 906.5 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="12" | Proximity-fused shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Arming distance (m)
! rowspan="2" | Trigger radius (m)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| AAVT Mk.31 || HE-VT || 792 || 25 || 0 || 0.1 || 457 || 23 || 3,220 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|Bofors L/60 Mark 1 (40 mm)|Bofors L/60 Mark 2 (40 mm)}}

USS Phelps gets access to several 40 mm Bofors guns in dual and quad mounts. These weapons are extremely potent anti-aircraft guns due to their accuracy and punching power. Though these weapons fire slower than the 20 mm Oerlikon or 12.7 mm AN-M2, they more than make up for it due to their hard-hitting 40 mm shells. These guns are capable of shredding aircraft and small boats from ranges of 2.5 km away, though effectiveness will drop off after that range due to the large bullet drop. The guns fire from 4-round clips that reload continuously, meaning that they are capable of continuous fire. However, note that they will eventually jam after firing too long.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| 40 mm HEFI-T || HEFI-T || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3
|-
| 40 mm AP-T || AP-T || 81 || 78 || 68 || 58 || 49 || 41
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 40 mm HEFI-T || HEFI-T || 874 || 0.9 || 0 || 0.1 || 67.13 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 40 mm AP-T || AP-T || 874 || 0.89 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°
|}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)}}

The Phelps rounds out its anti-aircraft armament with several 20 mm Oerlikon anti-aircraft guns. The 20 mm Oerlikon cannon was the standard light anti-aircraft gun for several nations, including the United States, and replaced the prior AN-M2 Browning machine gun. This weapon is an effective short-range AA gun, and has great firing angles. The guns can easily destroy any aircraft and torpedo boats who stray to close to Phelps. As well, the guns fire from a drum magazine that will need to be reloaded. Because of the magazine design, the gun will not jam with continuous fire.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

[[File:Phelps Mk.15 Torpedo.jpg|thumb|Mk.15 torpedo just released, with the full front launcher in the background]]
{{main|Mk.15 (533 mm)|Mk.6 mortar depth charge}}

The Phelps carries two quadruple torpedo launchers each with four Mk. 15 torpedoes with no reloads. These torpedoes were the standard torpedoes for American destroyers and have a relatively high speed, making them effective against larger targets. However, note that their relatively small explosive charge (<300 kg) prevents them from doing massive amounts of damage to cruiser-size targets, unlike the Japanese Type 93 torpedoes. The Phelps also gets access to depth charges, but these are almost entirely useless as they have an extremely short effective range; thus, the best strategy is to avoid equipping them entirely.

== Usage in battles ==

Phelps is a very strong destroyer at its BR, with a significant primary and anti-aircraft armament suite which enables it to fulfill a variety of roles, ranging from ambush / flanking to anti-aircraft defence. However, the ship does not have good survivability among destroyers, so situational awareness is key to maintaining this ship's ability to fight.

'''Tactics:'''

Phelps can be used in several roles. In anti-ship combat, a flanker / ambush strategy tends to work best. This strategy makes full use of the ship's extremely-powerful main guns while preserving survivability. In this type of approach, try to head through the sides of maps, particularly behind island cover that prevents enemies from hitting your ship (i.e. the large island formations on South Kvarken). Utilizing choke points, being places that enemy ships tend to head to, is extremely important. Once in position, you can simply wait for enemy destoyers to pop up, and shred them with your heavy main armament. Try to ensure that you always fire first, as the person who fires first will typically win the engagement. Utilize the 5-inch main guns, firing HE, and shred through the crew compartments of enemy destroyers. In the unlikely case that you encounter a cruiser, try to seek the help of teammates, as Phelps cannot compete with cruisers on even terms. Finally, avoid open-sea combat at all costs, because Phelps will do the worst where it cannot make use of island cover.

As well, Phelps can be used in an anti-aircraft and support role. This destroyer has exceptionally powerful anti-aircraft guns, including eight 40 mm Bofors guns which can effectively shred aircraft at ranges out to 5 km. In this type of playstyle, the Phelps does better as a 2nd or 3rd spawn - this means that you spawn the ship late in the battle when enemy players are already switching to aircraft. Stay with your teammates and shoot at enemy aircraft with your main and secondary guns - the 5"/38 main battery can effectively engage aircraft at very long ranges. However, this does take practice, as there is no aim assist for ship guns in RB, and no aim assist exceeding 2.5 km in AB. Stay with your teammates and maintain a 5 km no-fly zone around your battle group.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Multiple dual-purpose 5"/38 Mk 12 guns with extremely fast fire rate (22 RPM on first stage ammunition)
* Extremely good anti-aircraft armament suite with multiple 40 mm and 20 mm guns
* Gets access to an anti-fragmentation armor belt which dramatically enhances survivability

'''Cons:'''

* Relatively weak survivability for a destroyer with just 194 crew members
* Upper rear ammo room gets detonated constantly due to its elevated position
* Mediocre mobility for a destroyer, slower than many of its contemporaries
* Torpedoes are mediocre, with a relatively short range and a small warhead

== History ==

[[File:USS Phelps underway.jpg|thumb|350x350px|USS Phelps underway, circa November 1944.]]
USS Phelps was a destroyer leader of the [[Porter (Family)|Porter-class]]. She was one of the most active American destroyers of the Second World War, earning 12 battle stars as the Flagship of Destroyer Squadron 1. Following her commissioning in 1936, she served in peacetime duties with the Pacific fleet, and was present at the Pearl Harbor Attack where she shot down an enemy plane. She then participated in the Battle of the Coral Sea, where she scuttled the abandoned carrier Lexington with five torpedoes. She served as an escort during the Battle of Midway, participated in the Marshall Islands campaign and spent the last part of the war as a convoy escort in the Atlantic. She was decommissioned and scrapped by 1947.<ref name=":0">Destroyer History Foundation. (2000)</ref>

'''Design and construction'''

The Phelps, named after Rear Admiral Thomas Stowell Phelps, was one of eight Porter-class destroyers used by the US Navy. The ships displaced 1,850 tons, exactly matching the 1,850-ton destroyer weight limitation of the London Naval Treaty. However, she typically displaced over 2,000 tons on combat missions and up to 2,663 tons full load. As a destroyer-leader, the Phelps carried eight 5-inch (127 mm) single-purpose guns on four twin turrets;<ref name=":1">Willishaw, F. (1996)</ref> she was later refitted to carry two 5-inch dual-purpose twin turrets and a single five-inch DP turret at the rear. Her anti-aircraft armament was initially sparse, but was upgraded through the course of the war. Phelps also carried eight 533 mm torpedo tubes in two quad-mounts. She could make a top speed of 37 knots (69 km/h) and had a crew complement of 276.<ref name=":1" />

The Phelps was laid down on January 2nd 1934, and was launched on July 18th 1935. Following the completion of construction, she was commissioned on February 26th 1936.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

'''Operational history'''

After her commissioning, the Phelps escorted the cruisers Indianapolis and Chester with President Franklin D. Roosevelt to the Inter-American peace conference in Buenos Aires. She was then headquartered in the Pacific as the flagship of the First Destroyer Squadron. She was present at the Pearl Harbor attack and claimed one aircraft shot down. She was later assigned to escort Task Force 11, with the aircraft carrier Lexington, at the Battle of the Coral Sea. She also performed the less fortunate duty of finishing off the crippled Lexington using torpedoes after the carrier was hit by numerous Japanese bombs.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

Phelps served as an escort for the American carrier force at the Battle of Midway, where she took no damage. She participated in the landings at Guadalcanal and the ones at Attu, Alaska, where she provided gunfire support to invasion troops. She returned to the southern Pacific to serve as a gunship at the Marshall Islands campaign, where she bombarded Kwajalein and Eniwetok.<ref name=":0" /> In June of 1944, she was part of the bombardment force at Saipan, shelling the island in preparation for American landings. In late 1944, she steamed through the Panama canal and served her final duty as a convoy escort in the Atlantic; she sailed three times with convoys bound for the Mediterranean. Following the War's end, she was decommissioned, and was scrapped in 1947. Phelps received 12 battle stars for her service during the war.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

=== [[wt:en/news/6560-development-uss-phelps-anti-air-symphony-en|Devblog]] ===
In the 1920s, the USA acquired a pressing need to equip its fleet with so-called destroyer leaders, i.e. larger and better armed flagships for destroyer flotillas. At the time when the military was trying to convince the US government of the need for these vessels, and the government was arguing that the country already had sufficient numbers of standard destroyers, the London Naval Conference was held to discuss naval disarmament. The conference established an upper displacement limit of 1,850 tonnes for destroyer leaders, which prompted the development of a new ship that would conform to this new international military standard. A preliminary design for the new command ship was ready by November 1930. After almost 18 months of consultations and negotiations, the final design was approved. With a displacement of 1,850 tonnes, the ship carried eight 127mm guns, two quadruple 28 mm guns ("Chicago pianos"), 2 x 4-torpedo launchers and light half-inch armour. All eight of the planned Porter-class destroyers were built and brought into service by 1937.

The realities of war revealed several defects in the new leaders, the most significant one was their extremely weak anti-air defence. The ship's 127mm guns were not universal, and the power of the two "Chicago pianos" was woefully inadequate for defending the ship against aircraft attacks. The Porter-class ships underwent two major modernizations intended to enhance the leaders' firepower. By 1944, the ships were markedly different. First of all, the outdated primary guns were replaced with all-purpose weapons, and their number was reduced to five in three turrets. The ship gained a formidable anti-air battery – one quadruple and two twinned 40 mm Bofors guns, six 20 mm Oerlikons, and high-calibre machine guns. Looking beyond armament, the ship's decks were also transformed: the bridge was changed, the height of the rear superstructure was reduced, and reserve torpedoes were removed. Porter-class ships served in this form until they were decommissioned in the early post-war period.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=us_destroyer_porter_1944 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:USS Phelps WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:USS Phelps WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:USS Phelps.jpg|
File:USS Phelps WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:USS Phelps WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:USS Phelps WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
</gallery>

== See also ==


* [[Porter (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6560-development-uss-phelps-anti-air-symphony-en|[Devblog] USS Phelps: Anti-Air Symphony]]
* [[wt:en/news/6565-event-world-war-season-attack-from-the-sea-en|[Event] World War: season "Attack from the Sea"]]

=== References ===

;Citations
<references />

;Bibliography

* Destroyer History Foundation. (2000). USS Phelps, DD 360. Retrieved November 19, 2020, from <nowiki>http://www.destroyerhistory.org/goldplater/ussphelps/</nowiki>
* Willishaw, F. (1996). USS PHELPS (DD-360). Retrieved November 19, 2020, from <nowiki>http://www.navsource.org/archives/05/360.htm</nowiki>

{{ShipManufacturer Bethlehem Steel}}
{{USA destroyers}}
{{USA premium ships}}

Strela-10M2

2023-01-15T22:32:41Z

U45319534: Wrote basically the whole article for the vehicle.

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_9a35_m2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet SPAA {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Apex Predators"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The survivability of the 10M2 is lacking, which is expected of a small SPAA vehicle. However, it is not without some quirks that can keep a player alive here and there.

The thickest armor on the vehicle is only 14mm, the rest is 7mm. This is barely enough to protect the crew from stray low-caliber MG fire and more distant shrapnel, and will not provide any protection against higher-caliber MGs, rocket and bomb explosions, or even the odd HE shell.

The interesting part of the 10M2 is its relatively uncluttered interior that can make hasty enemy shots ineffective. Two of the three crew members sit in the very front of the hull (commander and driver), with the third (gunner) towards the rear underneath the launcher assembly. The engine sits in the middle of the vehicle, with the rear section holding a few spare missiles. Therefore, oftentimes when enemy fire strikes the middle of the vehicle (which many players instinctively aim for), it will knock out the gunner and/or the turret assembly but leave the front two crew members, and sometimes even the engine, unscathed, allowing the 10M2 to get away.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

The 10M2’s mobility is solidly average. The engine can propel the little vehicle at a decent speed but takes a while to do so, and is not happy when climbing hills. A not often used but still valuable feature is the 10M2’s amphibious capability, allowing it to reach a few places and take some shorter routes that other vehicles cannot. In all, while the 10M2 will not win many races against other vehicles, it is still fast enough to do its job well.

{{tankMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|9M37M}}

The [[9M37M|9M37M missile]] is a worthy analogue to the Stinger-type missiles found on Western IR SAM vehicles such as the [[Ozelot]], [[Type 93]], and [[LAV-AD]]. It doesn’t have as good lock characteristics, notably in frontal aspect engagements, but makes up for it with an overload of 20g, double any contemporary ground-based IR SAM system except for the [[SIDAM 25 (Mistral)]] and the [[SANTAL]], both of which still only have 12g missiles. Against highly maneuverable targets, these missiles are far easier to score hits with.

There are no missile upgrades available, the stock missile is the top missile. The proximity fuse and warhead weight are both sufficient for destroying or crippling any aerial target it connects with, with the only drawback being the seeker head - it is easily decoyed by flares, a feature familiar to users of Russian aerial infrared missiles.

An long-existing bug that also affects the 10M2 concerns the missile not firing when target lock is achieved, leading to the missile being lost from the ammunition pool. This affects many ground-based IR SAMs but for the Strela with only four missile in the launchers at once, it is vital to be careful to only fire when there is a strong, close lock on the enemy target.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[9M37M]] missile || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 8 (4) || rowspan="2" | -5°/+80° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__
|-
! ''Realistic''
| __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="12" | Missile details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Range (m)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Trigger radius (m)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 9M37M || SAM || 700 || 5,000 || 39.2 || 1 || 0.1 || 4 || 1.69 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''2''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|PKMB (7.62 mm)}}

The 7.62mm MG on the 10M2 is pretty much an afterthought, given that open-top vehicles are exceedingly rare at this BR. However, it is very handy to have around for clearing small fences or obstacles in front of the vehicle, something other IR SAM vehicles like the [[Type 93]] and [[Ozelot]] cannot do. It is not recommended to use this as an offensive weapon against air targets given its limited firing arcs and the fact that the 10M2 already has very nice missiles for that exact purpose.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[PKMB (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm PKMB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| || ___ (___) || ___ || __° || __°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The best way to use the 10M2 is a short-range surprise weapon against enemy aircraft and sometimes helicopters. The missiles cannot reach as far as many of the radar missile-equipped SPAA vehicles you will often be playing alongside, but they have very good overload and do not usually give the enemy a red warning diamond. Engaging aircraft that are busy with other targets or just starting to exit the battlefield is the best way to engage, as distracted enemies are less likely to see the missile and dump flares.

The worst enemy of this vehicle is helicopters, at any range. At long range, they are outside the lock range of the 10M2’s missile while being well within the range of their own ATGMs. At closer range (below about 1 mile), the missile is often unable to track enemy helicopters due to its launch characteristics. Helicopters around the 10M2’s BR also start to get IRCM equipment, making IR lock impossible. High-altitude aircraft are more of the same thing, with them being able to loft missiles and bombs at ground targets from above your missile’s lock-on distance.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros'''

*The missiles have a high overload factor, more than any other ground-launched IR
*Small size, it can easily hide behind rocks, bushes, or buildings
*Except for the launcher assembly, the rest of the vehicle is very low to the ground
*Amphibious, can reach a few places other vehicles cannot
*More survivable than it seems due to crew placement and empty space in the rear of the vehicle

'''Cons:'''

* Can't engage helicopters equipped with ATGMs because of the [[9M37M|9M37]]'s short range
*No search function, either IRST or radar. A 3-mile range tracking radar is all you get
*Engine suffers on inclines, hills are not your friend
*Often uptiered into 10.0/10.3 due to high usage of top tier premium tanks
*Suffers from the IR SAM launch bug, often making your missiles useless

== History ==

The ZRK 9A35M2 ‘Strela-10M2’ was built to be the successor of the 9K31 ‘Strela-1’ built on the BRDM-2 wheeled chassis, and is able to use the older missile from that platform if needed. Development of the new vehicle began on July 24th of 1969, with the decision being made to continue developing a new IR SAM system in spite of the [[2S6|9K22 ‘Tunguska’]] also being developed at the same time, economical reasons often being cited as the main deciding factor to continue with both. The faster reaction time of the Strela missile system, as well as its immunity to radar jamming, were also highly desired by the Soviet Army’s anti-aircraft forces.

Unlike the previous Strela system, being mounted on a lightly-armored amphibious car, the new vehicle would be mounted on the newer and more mobile MT-LB, an infantry transport vehicle from the late 1950s. This would provide far more room for equipment and extra ammunition, among other things.

The [[9M37M|9M37]] missile went through testing from 1973 to 1974, but disappointing results forced a delay while the kinks were ironed out. Designers of the Strela system used this time to introduce improved equipment onto the MT-LB base vehicle, such as more modern radios and provisioning for easier connection to the Soviet integrated air defense system in use at the time.

The vehicle was first introduced in 1976 and has been in service ever since. Combat usage first occurred in 1988 during the Angolan Civil War, with the first large-scale use of the system being Operation Desert Storm, during which it is believed 27 coalition aircraft were hit by Iraqi missiles, with 14 of those being lost. A few other small conflicts have featured the system, with Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine being the latest - also the first time that both combatants have used the Strela system.

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

* Western counterparts: [[LAV-AD]], [[Ozelot]], [[Type 93]], [[SIDAM 25 (Mistral)]], [[SANTAL]], [[Machbet]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7983-development-9a35m2-it-s-time-to-master-missiles-en|[Devblog] 9A35M2 - it's time to master missiles!]]
* [https://youtu.be/CDwJ0C_i2Z4 JustinPlays' video review of the vehicle]

{{USSR anti-aircraft vehicles}}

Shturm-S

2022-12-20T05:32:24Z

U45319534: Removed the incredibly long and detailed guide about arcade battle playing and toned it down to a more appropriate 'overview'.

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_9p149
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.89 "Imperial Navy"]]. This particular ATGM carrier relies purely on stealth, unlike the [[IT-1]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 14 mm (54°) ''Front Plate'' 7 mm (80°) ''Upper glacis'' 14+5 mm (38°) ''Lower glacis'' || 7 mm (23°) ''Top'' 7 mm ''Bottom'' || 15 mm ''Middle'' 7 mm ''Top/Bottom'' || 7 mm
|-
| Cupola || 7 mm (30°) || 7 mm (30°) || 7 mm (30°) || 7 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 10 mm thick while tracks are 15 mm thick.

[[File:Shturm-S obliterated by IT-1 missing shot from 20 m.jpg|thumb|right|The side armour of the carrier might as well not exist. It should always fight while using cover or distraction of some sort.]]
Pretty much every enemy tank in the game will be able to destroy the Shturm-S including rank I anti-air.

From the side or the roof, within 200 m the crew compartment can be penetrated by 7.62 mm. It also can be penetrated by HEAT overpressure, which is terrible. Artillery is also dangerous, as way too many close misses might ignite the ammo rack or knock out the crew.

Airstrikes are especially lethal to this tank, so much, that the vehicle might as well be without armour. In the case of a cannon air raid, sides should be presented, as there is a chance the aircraft will focus on engine compartment first, in the case of a rocket raid, front should be presented, as otherwise overpressure damage will destroy the Shturm-S instantly. Since there is no way to know which plane carries what in RB mode, it is better to face enemy aircraft regardless.

The front is more or less protected from .50 calibre, so, if necessary, it can be exposed towards an enemy who still has his HMG working, but it should not be relied on.
[[File:Shturm-S low profile demonstration.jpg|thumb|right|Despite having poor armour, Shturm-S technically can snipe right next to opponents and not be seen or hit because of it's low profile.]]
There are very few areas on this tank that can be hit by a cannon round and survive. The entire front is essentially an instant kill zone, as even a scratch by APFSDS will cause enough spalling to obliterate both crew members, and it is extremely rare to only lose one. Very rarely, a HEAT shell falling straight to the middle might fail to completely knock out crew members, but the chance is also very slim.

The only place where Shturm-S can survive a side shot by a cannon is the engine room in the very middle. Thus it is very important to present the tank completely flat when flanked, as to make centre of mass shot seem more lucrative (for example, in AB, some people might not even bother aiming manually and just press "aim assist" and "fire", which results in a shot straight to the middle). After hitting the engine, enemies usually aim straight for the ammo rack, so it only works once.

Given that this vehicle only has 2 crew, susceptible to any overpressure damage with paper-thin armour and both crew members tend to get shot at the same time, generally, avoid everything. Use carrier's low profile and put a solid piece of dirt between you and the enemy and only fire and gain attention of enemies if the kill is guaranteed.

The ESS can be unlocked and used in conjunction with thermal scope to fight or retreat from obsolete tanks in open fields, but it will not save from tanks which also have thermal scopes (particularly in RB, where many people use it by default, but in AB ESS might still work, as not everyone use it there) or scouting ability (particularly in AB, as it is vastly easier to use and far stronger there). ESS is also useful when fighting late ATGM helicopters with laser lock-on feature, as it will break any automatic guidance and force their gunner to guide the missiles manually with thermal scope (which may take them too long before the Shturm-S manages to load an HE-VT ATGM and fire back) and does not allow already dead helicopters to get the last laugh by automatically guiding the ATGM in spite of being torn to pieces.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 341|rbMinHp= 212}}
[[File:Shturm-S swimming.jpg|thumb|right|Sometimes, swimming ability can compensate Shturm-S's mediocre mobility.]]
The mobility is best described as nippy but not fast. Compared to Soviet medium tanks of its BR, the {{PAGENAME}} is faster (at least in a straight line) but compared to other nations it is slower.

The mobility hindrance in higher BRs is much more noticeable for the {{PAGENAME}}, being 50% slower than MBTs such as the [[M1A1 Abrams|M1A1]]. The rear gear only goes up to -10 km/h. This reduces amount of sniping spots the carrier can reach before it gets countersniped.

The {{PAGENAME}} lacks neutral steering meaning that turning around can take some time.

The carrier can swim like most of the other Soviet light tanks.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|9M114 Shturm}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[9M114 Shturm]] ATGM || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 12 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+15° || rowspan="2" | ±85° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 22.0 || 30.5 || 37.0 || 40.9 || 43.5 || rowspan="2" | 8.30 || rowspan="2" | 8.30 || rowspan="2" | 8.30 || rowspan="2" | 8.30
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.9 || 17.5 || 21.3 || 23.5 || 25.0
|-
|}

Shturm-S uses ATGM launchers by picking them up with a special handle at its rear. Once the missile is fired, the handle simply discards them and picks up a new one from inside of the tank.

[[File:Shturm-S stepping on a ledge.jpg|thumb|right|Due to overall Shturm-S fragility and awkwardness of aiming device placement, it is necessary to pay close attention to smallest details next to cover, as they might be more than just a decoration for Shturm-S.]]

The handle is put down if the vehicle speeds up too much (faster than 19 km/h), but if it was reloading while the tank was moving, it will pull the launcher out at the end of the reload, whether you want it or not. When launcher is pulled out, it is always pointing forward.

DO NOT hold "fire" button while reloading or waiting for launcher to pull out, because launcher has a tendency to malfunction if you don't wait fot at least 0.2 sec after it finished. This "malfunction" causes the missile to simply disappear.

Each missile type has great manoeuvreability, but the launch sequience is greatly complicated by the fact, that launcher (located in the very back of the tank) is offset from the actual guiding camera (located on the front-right of the tank), and missiles are launched at high speeds, causing them to often miss at close range. Since the launcher is pointing forward when pulled out, firing too early might also cause the missile to miss, depending on how much it needs to turn and compensate to get on course. Aim assist of arcade mode also has a tendency to aim lower than it should and often spontaneously breaks off because of this, so it should not be relied on for anything but AA duty.

The Shturm-S cannot properly fire or aim from medium tank hulldown spots, so it is inferior to [[IT-1]] in that regard. In arcade mode and, at some spots, RB, tank can fire over obstacles by using a stepping stone of some sort, but it cannot really guide shots that way.

The vehicle can carry up to 12 of missiles. It is necessary to choose next ATGM type before firing the current one because Shturm-S can't change payload choice after firing and can't put the wrong launcher back.

When rearming on a capture point, the main type of ATGM is replenished first (the one on top-left of "ammo distribution" UI), so choose carefully. Rearming on a cap is rather slow with about 15 seconds for one missile, full rearm outside of cap in AB is about 35 seconds.

Missiles are vulnerable to jamming, so when fighting tanks with IRCM, it is necessary to also attack from the side, so that the missile doesn't get derailed.

The list of available ATGM in order of acquisition:

* HEAT - Default ATGM, which has about 550 mm penetration. Launched at atleast 230 m/s with high acceleration. Can deal with anything at the BR, but does only punctual damage like HEATFS. Tanks with heavy NERA or ERA amount will resist it and suffer less than fatal damage or no damage.

* Tandem HEAT - ATGM with a double payload. Launched at atleast 230 m/s with high acceleration. Extremely high post-penetration damage. Designed to annihilate ERA and other countermeasures and then destroy the tank in one hit. Each payload can penetrate about 800 mm of composite armour at a flat angle. Tandem warhead ignores ERA and penetration should be calculated as if it was not present, unless you hit the target at an extreme angle, launching the actual projectile into yet another ERA layer.

* HE - A guided missile with a HE payload. Launched at about 130 m/s with poor acceleration. Can penetrate about 55 mm of armour, making it on par with the second strongest HE shells in terms of pure damage. Can be used to cause overpressure damage by hitting tracks or tank's roof, similarly to HE shells, but has negligible area of effect and is weak against ERA plating. Due to its low launch speed it is suitable for close range combat, particularly in AB. Outside of the tank's own BR, it can be used as a utility ammo to destroy NERA tanks, which the tandem HEAT might not be able to even scratch. This missile has enough explosive mass to damage ground, but it has no practical application outside of AB, since damage is very low.

* Proximity HE - A guided missile specifically redesigned to destroy planes and helicopters. Launched at about 130 m/s with poor acceleration. In terms of damage, it differs from HE by having a slightly higher area of effect (enough to occasionally destroy light tanks standing right next to the target) but slightly weaker penetration (enough to sometimes fail to destroy targets on direct hit) and practically no damage to the ground. It has enough fuel to fly for about 7 km away. In reality, it is mostly equal to normal HE missile. This missile also has a proximity detonator, which activates after missile flies about 300 m away from the carrier and the ground, which helps with hitting aircraft despite not having radar or any other targeting devices. While detonator is set to explode next to the aircraft (about 5 m away) if possible, certain support helicopters can survive the explosion. The proximity detonator will not react to the tanks or the ground even if brought back down to ground level and does not seem to react to rockets and other missiles, unless it is fired straight into them (they often react to it first).

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| 9M114 || ATGM || 560 || 560 || 560 || 560 || 560 || 560
|-
| 9M120 || ATGM (tandem) || 800 || 800 || 800 || 800 || 800 || 800
|-
| 9M120F-1 || ATGM-HE || 55 || 55 || 55 || 55 || 55 || 55
|-
| 9M220O || ATGM-VT || 51 || 51 || 51 || 51 || 51 || 51
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Missile details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Range (m)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 9M114 || ATGM || 550 || 5,000 || 31.4 || 0 || 0.01 || 3,930 || 80° || 82° || 90°
|-
| 9M120 || ATGM (tandem) || 550 || 6,000 || 33.5 || 0.4 || 0.01 || 4,480 || 80° || 82° || 90°
|-
| 9M120F-1 || ATGM-HE || 550 || 6,000 || 33.5 || 0.4 || 0.01 || 6,930 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="13" | Proximity-fused missile details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Range (m)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Arming distance (m)
! rowspan="2" | Trigger radius (m)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 9M220O || ATGM-VT || 550 || 7,000 || 33.5 || 0 || 0.01 || 300 || 4 || 6,160 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! 9th rack empty
! 10th rack empty
! 11th rack empty
! 12th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''12''' || 12 ''(+0)'' || 11 ''(+1)'' || 10 ''(+2)'' || 9 ''(+3)'' || 8 ''(+4)'' || 7 ''(+5)'' || 6 ''(+6)'' || 5 ''(+7)'' || 4 ''(+8)'' || 3 ''(+9)'' || 2 ''(+10)'' || 1 ''(+11)'' || no
|-
|}
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
Mechanized Ammo Rack capable of automatic loading.

== Usage in battles ==


'''Overview'''

The Shturm-S can be effective in battles if used correctly. Shturm-S commanders should make sure to use their advantages while playing to negate the weaknesses of the vehicle. For the Shturm-S, playing in a backline role behind cover at medium ranges is the best option and specific approaches depend on game mode.

'''RB Strategies'''

Players should use the thermal sights to spot enemies easily and ambush them while they are not looking. Use of cover is essential due to the total lack of armour on the Shturm, even a .50 cal machine gun can penetrate some points in the frontal armour. It is ill advised to push aggressively in the Shturm due to the ATGM launcher which will retract when moving. Additionally, engaging at long range may be difficult as the ATGMs can take some time to reach the target, meaning the target has plenty of time to move into cover. Using the Shturm at close range is suicidal. Luckily the ATGMs on the Shturm are quite satisfactory. The 9M120 ATGM has a tandem shaped warhead which negates ERA protection, and the 9M220O ATGM has a proximity fuse which can easily destroy helicopters. It is recommended to use these two ATGMs, taking mostly the 9M120 HEAT ATGM to destroy enemy armour, with a few of the 9M220O ATGM to deal with enemy helicopters.

'''AB Strategies and survival tips'''

Since Shturm-S is essentially countered by AB mechanics and every tank only needs to press "aim assist" and fire any weapon to destroy it, some extreme and outlandish tactics must be used.

[[File:Shturm-S obliterated by CM25.jpg|thumb|right|Punishment for not following the harsh rules of AB is an instant countersnipe.]]

These are the questions that must be asked before taking out the Shturm-S in an Arcade match:

#Can you even make it to the sniper point before being shot by a hypothetical [[Leopard (Family)|Leopard]]?
#Can you fire through or over obstacles at your sniping spot, and how many of them is there?
#Is it physically impossible to snipe you from any other side, but front (so that you can see it coming in third person view and dodge)?
#If it is possible to snipe you from a side, is your entire team on that side (just three tanks do not count)?
#Can you angle upwards at that sniper spot, so that you can snipe easier?
#Can you destroy [[CM-25]], [[Wiesel 1A2]], [[Dardo]] or [[M3A3 Bradley]] (if they are present) and do you know where they are?
#In case enemy team currently does endless air raids, do you have ATGM-VT?

With the lack of stealth afforded by Arcade mode, being able to physically hide behind hard cover such as trenches or hills is critical to success in AB matches.

'''Notable Enemies'''

There are many notable enemies for the Shturm-S, being basically any vehicle in the game armed with anything bigger than a rifle-calibre machine gun and being capable of hitting it. However, some threats are greater than others. Shturm-S commanders should watch out for:

ATGM tanks: They can destroy Shturm-S with overpressure and are far less likely to let you go, as they understand what you are capable of. Tanks with proximity ATGM like [[CM-25]] are the most dangerous, as they can obliterate enemies by firing over their cover and there is nothing you can do about it, but to spot and destroy them first.

Artillery tanks: Even with all the precautions taken, these tanks can annihilate Shturm-S with a single poorly aimed HE-VT. Most of them reload longer than the Shturm-S and their initially loaded shell is usually a normal HE, so usually you have two chances to destroy most of them. If gained their full attention and failed to destroy them - get out of sight and drive as low as you can before they bothered to shell your position. Do not use ESS, it only makes it easier for them to track you.

Autocannon armed vehicles: These will easily shred the Shturm in seconds and should be avoided. Many SPAAs can also create a shell wall to prevent missiles from destroying their teammates or themselves.
[[File:Shturm-S checks sides.jpg|thumb|right|Remember, they are always watching and waiting for your mistakes. One can never be too paranoid when using Shturm-S.]]
Vehicles with substantial composite armour: Most vehicles at and below the tier of the Shturm-S do not have composite armour capable of stopping its top ATGM, but many top tier tanks (which the Shturm-S will face often if used at a higher BR) such as the [[M1A2 Abrams|M1A2]] or [[Challenger 2]] are able to easily stop its HEAT ATGM with their thick turret armour. Shturm-S commanders should learn the weak spots of enemy tanks. For example, almost all american top tier battle tanks can be destroyed by HE missiles hitting the middle of their upper front plate (unless they have a jammer, then hitting them directly will be next to impossible in the first place) .

Sniper medium tanks (mostly in AB): Other snipers are also a serious threat, since they compete for a complete domination over map with you, and they are exceptionally allergic to ATGM tanks with high missile speed, such as Shturm-S, so they will never stop trying to snipe you, until they finally do. They are the main reason for the AB rule "Make it physically impossible to snipe you from the side".

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Access to "Shturm" and "Ataka" ATGMs with a total of four different variants of missiles - HEAT, tandem HEAT, HE-frag, and proximity-fused HE-frag
* Fast-flying, relatively easy to control missiles are great for long ranges and tricky shots alike
* Very low profile - combined with good positioning, the vehicle can be invisible with only the launcher peeking over a hilltop or wall
* Capable of travelling across water, although relatively slowly and with poor control
* Can double as a SAM tank in AB, to a point it can single handedly dominate the sky and even protect the bombers from interceptors if fires immediately

'''Cons:'''

* Poor defence - the armour stops absolutely nothing but 7.62 mm MGs and may protect against 12.7 mm from a further range
* Very vulnerable from the top, making it easy prey from the air - unless equipped with proximity HE ATGM (the last one available for unlock) for self-defence against air targets
* Cannot change missile type mid-reload, nor after one is reloaded
* Rearming is rather slow, and leaves you vulnerable
* Relatively limited arc of fire; while the launcher can rotate quite a bit, either way, the guidance module sits at the front of the vehicle, and after firing at a target located to the sides of the vehicle, the missile will require some distance before flying straight - self-defence for close-range combat is difficult
* Have to follow an extensive set of rules to be useful in AB
* Missiles can be jammed, so although they are very useful even in rank VII, some enemies cannot be attacked directly

== History ==

The MT-LB, also known as "Mnogotselevoy Tyagach Legky Bronirovanny" in Russian (which stands for "Multi-Purpose Towing Vehicle Light Armoured"), has been mass-produced since 1966. The vehicle was primarily used as an artillery tractor that acted as a means of transport of the gun crew and ammunition complements. However, as it happens with every well-designed platform, the carrier ultimately became a base for all kinds of armament sets. In the early 70s, the USSR began development of an anti-tank hypersonic missile system with a strike range of up to 5,000 metres for armoured targets. The system received the designation "Shturm" and was intended to be equipped on both air and ground units. In the end, it was the MT-LB that was chosen as the base for the former role. In 1979, the new ground combat vehicle was put into service under the designation 9P149 "Shturm-S".

''- From [[wt:en/news/6175-development-9p149-shturm-s-the-invisible-hunter-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_9p149 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|mF0d3bos75I|'''The Shooting Range #281''' - ''Round Study'' section at 08:34 compares the missiles of the {{PAGENAME}}.|kF1OmW7f1c8|'''The Shooting Range #154''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:39 discusses the Shturm-S.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6175-development-9p149-shturm-s-the-invisible-hunter-en|[Devblog] 9P149 "Shturm-S": The Invisible Hunter]]

{{USSR tank destroyers}}

USS Baltimore

2022-09-20T16:42:51Z

U45319534: Generic grammer fixes, updated her AA statistics (no longer #1 in game), added a few links to comparable vessels and the USS Pittsburgh.

{{Specs-Card
|code=us_cruiser_baltimore_class
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=items_USS Baltimore (CA-68) (USA)
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} American heavy cruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Hot Tracks"]] as a reward for the [[wt:en/news/6981-special-operation-w-i-n-t-e-r-en|2020 Operation W.I.N.T.E.R.]] event.

The Baltimore-class heavy cruisers represent the zenith of the United States Navy "screening fleet" doctrine during World War II. The ships of this class feature a variety of gun calibers placed all over the ship, with the emphasis on providing anti-air defense to fleet carriers taken to another level.

The {{PAGENAME}}, the lead ship of the class, features the second-highest amount of anti-air armaments of all cruisers in the game with 72 in total, just behind the USS Alaska's 90. This huge amount of guns (consisting of powerful 40 mm Bofors and 20 mm Oerlikon autocannons) will keep all but the most daring of enemy aircraft at bay. Her anti-ship firepower is also not to be underestimated, as she features nine 8 inch (203 mm) cannons with super-heavy APCBC shells and versatile 127 mm secondary turrets. This makes the Baltimore a force to be reckoned with in top rank naval battles.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

In terms of overall armour, the Baltimore does not have as much armour as a [[Admiral Hipper|Hipper-class heavy cruiser]], it is somewhat on par with IJN counterparts such as the [[IJN Mogami|Mogami]].

As with most of the US destroyers and some cruisers, the Baltimore's hull is clad with anti-fragmentation armour to protect her crew from HE shells, with her deck armour having 28.5 mm of thickness, 12.7 mm on her bow and stern, and 19 mm on the central compartments. When angled properly, she can absorb any cruiser-calibre HE shells with little to no crew loss and is immune to destroyer-calibre HE shells as long as they don't damage her wide array of secondary and AA armaments. As crew compartments and critical modules are placed far away from each other, the Baltimore is highly resilient to fire damage.

In terms of armour and module protection, the Baltimore is expectedly well-armoured. Her frontal and rear auxiliary magazine rooms are located below the waterline and are clad with 76 mm of armour at the sides, 63.5 mm at the deck, 140 mm at the bulkhead, and 127 mm at the stern. Her citadel is very well-armoured, with 152 mm on all sides except 63.5 mm at the deck. Her main turrets are protected with 203 mm armour at the front, 82.5 mm at the sides, 76 mm at the top, and 36.5 mm at the rear, and thus are harder to be taken out.

Baltimore's protection is not without weakness, however. Her fatal weakspots are the main magazine rooms which are located inside the shell elevator sitting way above the waterline, designed with the intention of providing Baltimore with consistent firepower without having to restock the ready racks. While the shell elevator is heavily-protected (with 160 mm of armour), well-aimed AP shots that manage to get inside the magazine are likely to detonate it, causing fatal damage.

Having lots of AA also means lots of crew (1,560). However, lots of crew can also be lost due to the AA and secondary turrets being repeatedly destroyed. It is not recommended to repair the ship unless major damage has been sustained.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

The Baltimore's top speed is on par with that of the [[Admiral Hipper|Hipper-class heavy cruiser]], her agility is better however. She is unlikely to evade a torpedo if spotted too late, but being a heavy cruiser, she should survive a hit or two.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|8 inch/55 Mark 12 (203 mm)}}

The Baltimore features 9 x 8 inch/55 Mark 12 cannons in three triple turrets arranged in an A-Bs-X setup as her main armament. The guns have a rather mediocre traverse speed, but with a decent amount of firing angle to help increase her survivability when angled.

As with any other American heavy cruisers, the Baltimore's main guns have a mediocre rate of fire than its contemporaries, with 15 seconds (ace crew) of reload time, though this is a noticeable improvement compared to other American heavy cruisers armed with a similar-sized guns. The guns are also quite accurate with relatively low dispersion.

The ship utilizes a "common" type SAP shells as the default shell, which is completely inadequate against most opponents that she will face. While the shell has a sizeable filler of 4.84 kg of TNT equivalent, its penetration of 71 mm at 10 km is terrible (especially for its calibre), and is unable to put a dent in most enemy cruisers beyond 7.5 km range. This means you have to get dangerously close to enemies to deal damage, thus exposing yourself as a target for enemy ships.

Depending on your preference, you might want to get the "super-heavy" APCBC shell first before getting repair kits and FPE. The "super-heavy" shell is the trademark of the Baltimore-class heavy cruisers, since these shells are heavier than others, weighing over 151 kg, while most of the other nations' shells usually weigh around 110 kg. This gives them a longer flight time, but a steeper angle. The idea behind its design was that, at long ranges (~9 km), the shells would penetrate battleship's decks from above instead of hitting the much thicker side armour, potentially reaching critical components. With 256 mm of penetration at 10 km and the aforementioned unique properties, the shell is able to reach further into enemy ship's critical components, dealing much higher post-penetration damage than its counterparts due to the weight of the shell.

Other than the "super-heavy" APCBC shell, the Baltimore also has access to a general-purpose HE shell with decent 9.5 kg of TNT equivalent filler to soften enemy ships, and a "special" SAP shell with a marginally better penetration but less filler, which is still ill-suited against anything beyond 8 km.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|5 inch/38 Mk.12 (127 mm)}}

The Baltimore features 12 x 5 inch/38 Mk.12 dual-purpose guns in six double turrets, two on the port and starboard sides each, and one at the front and the rear of her superstructure. These turrets have similar characteristics to those on the late war American destroyers such as the [[USS Somers|Somers]] or the [[USS Moffett|Moffett]], but with even faster reload (2.8 seconds with ace crew). As she can use up to 8 guns at once (the same as the aforementioned destroyers), the dual-purpose guns provide formidable supporting fire against enemy cruisers and destroyers, and act as potent defence against enemy PT boats and aircraft.

The shell choice of the secondary armaments is the same as found on the destroyers; a basic HE shell which provides good continuous damage, an SAP shell which ironically has better penetration than the main gun's SAP shell and thus more capable at dealing damage, and an HE-VT shell for anti-air purposes.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|Bofors L/60 Mark 2 (40 mm)|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)}}

When it comes to anti-air armaments, the Baltimore takes the whole cake. The Baltimore features a staggering 48 x 40 mm Bofors AA cannons in 12 quadruple turrets and 24 x 20 mm Oerlikon cannons placed all over the ship. Without even taking the dual-purpose 127 mm guns into account, the Baltimore can create a literal "bullet hell" for any aircraft and PT boats that are either brave or foolish enough to come close to it and quickly dispatch them. In addition, these guns are also very useful for disabling enemy secondary and AA armaments at closer ranges (~4 km) and chipping away at their crew.

It should be noted, however, that the Baltimore will usually lose several guns (and a considerable amount of crew in the process) during firefights, and that her AA defence capabilities may be significantly reduced before the enemy team decides to spawn as aircraft.

===Scout plane===
{{main|OS2U-1}}Located on the stern are two catapults with one OS2U-1 scout plane each which provide unique offensive and defensive abilities, expanding tactical options. Ship-launched scout planes fly just like regular tree units but lack munition choices and cockpit views. Alongside the typical abilities of strafing, dropping 2 x 100 lb bombs, and capping zones, the OS2U-1 and other scout planes have the added ability to lay down smoke cover (up to 3 times). Captains will be wise to remember to utilize the aircraft and consider when best to use it, for example to cap a point early or late in the match, to create a smoke screen to stymie enemy bombardment and repair, to attack enemy units directly, or perhaps something completely new! With two scout planes one can risk a cap attempt at the beginning of the match, saving the second for any opportunity that presents itself.
== Usage in battles ==

With a wide variety of guns on board and great protection, the Baltimore feels right at home when protecting allies from aircraft and surface targets, as well as acting as a vanguard for the team, providing heavy firepower and taking several hits in return.

Without the super-heavy APCBC shells at the start, the Baltimore's 203 mm guns with an awful stock "common" SAP shell which struggle to damage anything beyond 8 km. Your main priority is to quickly gain access to the "super-heavy" APCBC rounds: one should target enemy cruisers and destroyers at closer range (within 7.5 km), or play as the brawler by utilizing both the primary and secondary armaments and get closer to enemy ship to get more chance of a clean shots and more damage.

Once the "super-heavy" APCBC shell and the damage control kit (repair kit and FPE) is unlocked, the Baltimore's full potential as a universal gun cruiser will be unleashed. Due to the unique properties of the shell, at longer ranges, the shell is capable of penetrating the usually weaker deck armour instead of side armour, punching deep into the ship with its weight, and dealing devastating damage as a result. This allows a keen captain to take out enemy ship's key compartments (engines, drive shaft, ammo racks) and potentially capable of even ammoracking enemy battleships. Other than this, the HE shell is handy for softening enemy targets or finishing them off, while the "special" SAP shell is not that much better than the "common" SAP shell.

Other than the powerful 203 mm guns, the Baltimore utilizes rapid-firing 127 mm secondary guns to deal additional damage. As the AI gunners are quite inaccurate, you may want to handle the gun youself while the main gun is reloading to fire more precise shots at the enemy.

While the anti-air AI gunners can do their job well (especially at longer ranges) due to them spraying huge clouds of shells at the enemy aircraft, you might want to take control of the gun yourself if the enemy manages to slip closer to you or your allies.

When trying to survive in the USS Baltimore, the large amount of crew paired with her anti-fragmentation belt and other armour layers allows her to take a beating, however, her survivability can be exponentially increased if her captain chooses correctly when to repair. Boasting a huge anti-air profile, Baltimore's AA guns also pose as a crew sink drain for enemy HE, knocking out the 40 mm and 20 mm mounts together with the AA gun crews. If a careless repair is initiated, all destroyed anti-air mounts will be repaired and filled with a fresh crew that will become vulnerable to the next HE barrages. being selective about when to repair will decrease the number of times the AA mounts are destroyed and subsequently reduce the amount of crew bleed from engagements with other ships. Repairing damaged mounts only when an enemy air attack is anticipated or imminent is often the best course of action unless circumstances dictate otherwise.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Hull is clad with layers of anti-fragmentation armour, highly resilient to cruiser-calibre HE shells and fire damage
* Very well-armoured, can take a lot of punishments when angled properly
* Decent mobility for a heavy cruiser
* Great armaments
** Accurate main guns with much better fire rate than other American heavy cruisers
** Super-heavy APCBC shells have high penetration and post-penetration damage, capable of dealing considerable damage even against battleships
** Large amounts of fast-firing secondary 127 mm guns providing good supplementary damage at mid-to-close ranges
** 72 anti-air guns provide amazing aerial and close range defences
* Large crew size, with proper handling and damage control, she can stay afloat for the entire match
* Two scout seaplanes.

'''Cons:'''

* Very large target, easy to hit at longer ranges without angling and is vulnerable to torpedoes
* Atrocious stock grind, as the default common SAP shell have very poor penetration
* While faster than other American cruisers, the guns still have somewhat slow rate of fire compared to its contemporaries of other nations
* No torpedo armaments, have to rely solely on the guns to deal damage
* Rear turret's firing arc is obstructed by scout plane catapults, can make firing on retreat somewhat tricky
* While heavily armoured, a well-placed AP shots can detonate her ready shells in the elevator

== History ==

[[File:USS Baltimore 1943.jpg|thumb|450x450px|USS Baltimore (CA-68) anchored at Guantanamo Bay in 1943.]]
USS Baltimore (CA-68) was the lead ship of her class of heavy cruisers built for the United States during the Second World War. Based on the preceding unique heavy cruiser Wichita, the Baltimores were extremely heavily armed and carried a potent anti-aircraft armament, though like all other American cruisers, they lacked torpedo armament. Baltimore saw extensive service in the Pacific Theatre during the Second World War, and carried Franklin D. Roosevelt to his meeting with American military leaders at Pearl Harbour. After the war, she was reduced to reserve, but reactivated for the Korean War. Despite false allegations by the North Koreans that Baltimore had been sunk by North Korean G-5 torpedo boats, she was actually reduced to reserve, and scrapped by 1973.

=== Design and development ===
The Baltimore class was designed to be a successor to the previous [[USS Pensacola|Pensacola]], [[USS Northampton|Northampton]], [[USS Portland|Portland]] and [[USS New Orleans|New Orleans]] classes. The ship's design was based off of the USS Wichita, a unique heavy cruiser built just before the outbreak of hostilities. The hull itself was also extremely similar to the hull of the [[USS Cleveland|Cleveland]] class, a class of light cruiser that was then under construction. Superficially, the Baltimores look extremely similar to the Clevelands, but carried a heavier main armament. Built to this specification, the USS Baltimore was laid down in May of 1941, and commissioned after the start of the war in April of 1943.

Baltimore was 205 metres long and displaced almost 14000 tons standard, making her considerably heavier than her predecessors. Her main armament consisted of nine 8-inch (203 mm) guns in three triple turrets, the same layout as the preceding cruiser classes. However, Baltimore carried a significantly-improved secondary and anti-aircraft armament suite, composed of twelve 5-inch (127 mm) guns in six dual mounts, 48 40 mm Bofors anti-aircraft guns in 12 quad mounts, and 24 Oerlikon anti-aircraft guns in single mounts. Powered by steam turbines delivering 120 000 shaft horsepower, she was capable of making 33 knots (61 km/h).

=== Operational history ===
Following her commissioning in 1943, Baltimore joined the Pacific Fleet and spent October-November 1943 in training off the coast of California. Between November 1943 and June of 1944, Baltimore was part of a coastal bombardment force that provided fire support at the Makin Islands, Kwajalein and Truk landings. During this time, the force made great use of Baltimore's heavy main guns, proving themselves to be effective coastal bombardment weapons. Baltimore continued to provide this fire support capacity until June of 1944, when she returned to the Continental United States.

After returning to the United States, Baltimore embarked President Franklin D. Roosevelt and transported him to Pearl Harbour, where the president met with Admiral Chester Nimitz and General Douglas MacArthur. After the meeting, Baltimore transported the President to Alaska, and then returned to active duty. She spent the last part of the war providing fire support for American troops at Iwo Jima and Okinawa. After the cessation of hostilities, Baltimore joined the "magic carpet fleet" and transported American veterans back to their homeland.

After the war ended, Baltimore joined the reserve fleet at Bremerton, where she stayed until the Korean War started. She was reactivated in 1951 and assigned to the Atlantic fleet, meaning that she did not see service in the Korean theatre. She later represented the United States at the UK Fleet Review of 1953, and spent a short time in the Eastern Theatre before being reduced to reserve again. A North Korean museum claims that the Baltimore was sunk by G-5 Torpedo Boats in 1950, and has an exhibit showing "the actual boat" that sank the Baltimore. In fact, the Baltimore was never in the Korean Theatre during the war, and was scrapped in 1973. Baltimore earned a total of 9 war stars for her service during the Second World War.

=== [[wt:en/news/7003-development-uss-baltimore-ca-68-1943-en|Devblog]] ===
The development of new heavy cruisers for the US Navy began after the outbreak of World War II. The restrictions of the London and Washington Treaties ceased to be relevant, so the United States enthusiastically began to refine the projects built within the limits of the restrictions. Based on the heavy cruisers of the USS Wichita class, a new cruiser was developed to correct the issues of its predecessor, namely low stability and a shortage of anti-aircraft weapons, and also with improved seaworthiness, protection and range. The lead ship of the new series, the heavy cruiser USS Baltimore, was laid down in 1941. The distinctive features of the new large series of cruisers are extremely powerful and versatile anti-aircraft weapons and an increased hull width for increased stability. The USS Baltimore entered service in 1943 and immediately began performing combat missions in the Pacific. Until the end of World War II, Baltimore was in the midst of naval war, taking part in a number of US operations. After a short "vacation" it was re-commissioned in 1951, but did not take part in the new, Korean War. The ship was decommissioned from service in May 1956.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=usa&vehicleType=ship&vehicleClass=heavy_cruiser&vehicle=us_cruiser_baltimore_class Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" caption="USS Baltimore (CA-68) Devblog Images" heights="150">
File:USS Baltimore WTWallpaper 001.jpg|
File:USS Baltimore WTWallpaper 002.jpg|
File:USS Baltimore WTWallpaper 003.jpg|
File:USS Baltimore WTWallpaper 004.jpg|
</gallery>

== See also ==

* [[USS Pittsburgh]], a 1953 modernization of the standard Baltimore
* Comparable vessels: [[Admiral Hipper]], [[HMS London]], [[IJN Tone]], [[RN Zara]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7003-development-uss-baltimore-ca-68-1943-en|[Devblog] USS Baltimore (CA-68) (1943)]]
* [https://www.navysite.de/ca/ca68.htm NavySite's page on the USS Baltimore]

=== References ===

* Chen, C. (2005, December). Heavy Cruiser Baltimore (CA-68). Retrieved January 19, 2021, from <nowiki>https://ww2db.com/ship_spec.php?ship_id=165</nowiki>
* Wertheim, E. (2019, September 02). USS Baltimore (CA-68). Retrieved January 19, 2021, from <nowiki>https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/1996/july/uss-baltimore-ca-68</nowiki>

{{ShipManufacturer Bethlehem Steel}}
{{USA heavy cruisers}}
{{Winter Event}}

Magach 1

2022-07-23T21:27:11Z

U45319534: Wrote the entire page for this vehicle. Largely the same info as the US M48A1.

{{About
| about = Israeli medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Magach (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=il_m48a1_patton_III
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Israeli medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Wind of Change"]]. Being identical to the American [[M48A1]] it offers the Israeli tree one of its first purebred MBTs to serve alongside the [[Sho't]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull roof, engine vents)
* Cast homogeneous armour (hull front, sides, rear, turret, cupola)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 110 mm (52-60°) ''Upper glacis'' 100 mm (38-62°) ''Lower glacis'' || 76 mm (29°) ''Top - Front'' 51 mm (26°) ''Top - Rear'' 38 mm (63°) ''Bottom - Front'' 25 mm (60°) ''Bottom - Rear'' || 35 mm (32°) ''Top'' 25 mm (62°) ''Bottom'' || 110 mm (40°) ''Front glacis'' 57 mm ''Crew and engine compartments'' 10 mm ''Engine vents''
|-
| Turret || 152 mm (23-32°) ''Turret front'' 152 (25°) ''Gun mantlet'' 70 mm ''Turret ring''|| 69-100 mm (12-36°) || 50-58 mm (35°) || 26 mm
|-
| Cupola || colspan="3" | 29.7 mm (spherical) || 29.7 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels, tracks, and torsion bars are 20 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 38 mm thick under the crew compartment, and 25 mm thick under the engine compartment.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,255|rbMinHp=716}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M41 (90 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M41 (90 mm)|90 mm M41]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 60 || rowspan="2" | -9°/+19° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 22.8 || 31.6 || 38.4 || 42.5 || 45.2 || rowspan="2" | 9.75 || rowspan="2" | 8.63 || rowspan="2" | 7.95 || rowspan="2" | 7.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.3 || 16.8 || 20.4 || 22.6 || 24.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| M332 shot || APCR || 321 || 316 || 292 || 265 || 240 || 218
|-
| T142E3 || HESH || 102 || 102 || 102 || 102 || 102 || 102
|-
| M82 shot || APCBC || 185 || 182 || 170 || 155 || 142 || 130
|-
| M431 shell || HEATFS || 320 || 320 || 320 || 320 || 320 || 320
|-
| M71 shell || HE || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| M332 shot || APCR || 1,249 || 5.7 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| T142E3 || HESH || 792 || 10.6 || 0.1 || 4 || 3,050 || 73° || 77° || 80°
|-
| M82 shot || APCBC || 853 || 10.94 || 1.2 || 14 || 137.2 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| M431 shell || HEATFS || 1,216 || 5.8 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 712.64 || 65° || 72° || 77°
|-
| M71 shell || HE || 823 || 10.55 || 0 || 0.1 || 925 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| M313 || 821 || 10.7 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_M48A1.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the M48A1 (identical).]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''60''' || 53 ''(+7)'' || 42 ''(+18)'' || 24 ''(+36)'' || 17 ''(+43)'' || 1 ''(+59)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Shells are modeled by sets of 2 and disappear from the rack after you've fired both shells in the set.
* Racks 4 and 5 are first stage ammo racks. They total 23 shells and get filled first when loading up the tank.
** These rack are also emptied early: the depletion order at full capacity is: 4 - 5 - 1 - 2 - 3.
** Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from racks 1-3 into rack 5 then 4. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready rack.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M73 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 500 (200) || 577 || -9°/+60° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M73 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M73]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 5,900 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The Magach 1 will feel familiar to tankers from the American and German tank trees, as it is essentially a copy paste [[M48A1]]/[[M48A2 C]] from those trees. Being the first true MBT that the Israelis have access to (alongside the [[Sho't]]) it will bring a new playstyle to those who have been using the M-51s and French light tanks before it.

This vehicle is a first-generation MBT and an American one at that, so its mobility is still average compared to other early MBTs such as the [[Leopard I]] and [[T-54 (1949)]]. The gun has access to decent ammunition in the form of the final HEATFS shell but is still limited in that it's a 90mm cannon when many contemporaries are sporting 105mm weapons that sport APDS along with their own HEATFS shells. Staying out of close-range engagements is a must due to the limited damage potential of the gun and balky turret/suspension handling.

The Magach 1 will feel right at home staying close behind the more heavily armored vehicles in the front line and taking well-aimed, surgical shots with its smaller weapon and either killing the target or crippling it so that its teammates can go in and finish the job safely. If caught in close-quarters combat, take advantage of the neutral steering and somewhat trolly armor angles to try and get the gun back on target.

=== Pros and cons ===
'''Pros:'''

* Hemispherical turret removes the [[M47 (Family)|M47]]'s shot traps
* Decent front hull armor, both thickness and angling, when compared to some contemporary MBTs
* Nice overhead armor, only aircraft with heavy AP/dedicated anti-armor rounds will get through
* Has access to a very effective M431 HEATFS shell

*

'''Cons:'''

* Early M48 model, still suffers from sluggish mobility.
* Gun is effective but still only 90mm in a BR where 105mm cannons are becoming standard.
* Bulky target. Dedicated tankbuster aircraft and sniping tanks are usually very happy to see you
* The commander .50 cal is placed in a clumsy mini-turret, defending against aircraft/fast light tanks is difficult
* The stock round, M332 APCR, has very limited damage potential and bounces easily

*

== History ==


=== Development ===
In February 1951, the US Army opted for a new design to replace their [[M46]]/[[M47]] tanks. Designated the 90mm Gun Tank T-48, it featured a novel (for American Cold War tanks) hemispherical turret, hull, and suspension design. The crew was reduced to four, and it began production in 1952 after being named for the famous General George S. Patton. During initial production, several protection defects were identified and a program to refit them began, resulting in the M48A1 with a slightly different driver's hatch and commander's cupola, now equipped with a .50 [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|M2HB]].

=== Israeli Service ===
Israel's first M48s were acquired from West Germany in the early 1960s in a secret arms deal, with the United States providing further vehicles after the deal was exposed. The M48A1 variants came from the United States transfers.

During the Six Day War in 1967, the M48A1s served in their stock US configuration and acquitted themselves well. However, by the Yom Kippur War their 90mm cannons had been recognized as obsolete for Israeli purposes and the only remaining M48 tanks in the IDF were later versions equipped with 105mm cannons or conversions of the M48A1/A2/A3s to the 105mm cannon.

== Media ==
== See also ==

* [[Magach (Family)|Magach Family]]
* The Magach's contemporaries: [[Leopard I]], [[T-54 (1949)]], [[Centurion Mk 3]], [[ST-A3]], [[M47 (105/55)]], [[AMX-30 (1972)]], [[Strv 81]]

== External links ==

* [[wikipedia:Magach|Wikipedia's article on the Magach family]]

{{TankManufacturer Israeli Ordnance Corps}}
{{Israel medium tanks}}

T-72M2 Moderna

2022-07-20T03:52:18Z

U45319534: Updated and condensed the pro-con area. Added the Usage In Battle section and a few other references.

{{About
| about = Soviet medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = T-72 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_t_72m2_moderna
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
|market=id50176_t_72m2_moderna_ussr
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Wind of Change"]] as a reward for the [[wt:en/news/7640-event-the-battle-for-arachis-en|"Battle for Arachis"]] event.

The modernization of ex-Czechoslovakian license-built T-72M1 tanks with French thermal gun sights, new ERA packages, and new APFSDS, as well as an additional 30 mm autocannon for self-defence, the T-72M2 Moderna introduces Slovakia into the game with respectable firepower and overall higher mobility.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

Although it is named T-72M2, which might sound more advanced, the base model is still a T-72M which shares the same chassis as the stock [[T-72A]]. However, he M2 modification adds layers of DYNAS ERA blocks on UFP and turret front, each block can provide additional protection against up to 100 mm of kinetic penetration, making the T-72M2 tougher to be destroyed. While it might not be enough at higher tiers with an abundance of APFSDS shells which can go up to 500 mm penetration, the protection is enough to stop most tanks which have been up-tiered at longer ranges and the turret can stop up to 700 mm from kinetic penetrators.

But once again, this is still a T-72 series with a compact interior and the same AZ-172 autoloader; like any T-72 series tank, a solid penetration from enemy projectiles will very likely set it ablaze (sometimes even fuel explosion) or detonate the ammunition, launching the turret sky-high, so players need to pay extra caution to enemies just like other T-72s do.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1317|rbMinHp=752}}

Like later T-72s, the T-72M2 has its engine upgraded to a Polish PZL Wola S12U diesel engine with 820 hp output, which is a bit lower than T-72B's V-84S with 840 hp, though still the highest of the A and M series T-72s. The T-72M2 shares the same top speed of 60 km/h and infamous -4.2 km/h reverse speed, as well as the 44.5 ton weight of the later T-72B. Although 20 hp difference is not too much, the overall mobility is still worse than NATO counterparts.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|2A46MS (125 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[2A46MS (125 mm)|125 mm 2A46MS]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 44 || rowspan="2" | -6°/+13° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 19.0 || 26.4 || 32.0 || 35.4 || 37.6 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 7.10
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 11.9 || 14.0 || 17.0 || 18.8 || 20.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| 3BK12M || HEATFS || 440 || 440 || 440 || 440 || 440 || 440
|-
| 3OF26 || HE || 42 || 42 || 42 || 42 || 42 || 42
|-
| 3BM22 || APFSDS || 425 || 420 || 415 || 405 || 393 || 380
|-
| TAPNA || APFSDS || 509 || 507 || 500 || 490 || 481 || 472
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 3BK12M || HEATFS || 905 || 19 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 2,530 || 65° || 72° || 77°
|-
| 3OF26 || HE || 850 || 23 || 0 || 0.1 || 5,240 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 3BM22 || APFSDS || 1,760 || 4.83 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 76° || 77° || 80°
|-
| TAPNA || APFSDS || 1,690 || 3.7 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_T-72A.png|right|thumb|x450px|[[Ammo racks]] of the [[T-72A]] (identical).]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! Ammo part
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''44''' || ''Projectiles'' ''Propellants'' || 40 ''(+4)'' 40 ''(+4)'' || 29 ''(+15)'' 29 ''(+15)'' || 23 ''(+21)'' 23 ''(+21)'' || 1 ''(+43)'' 1 ''(+43)'' || No
|}
'''Notes''':

* The {{PAGENAME}} uses two-piece ammunition, composed of propellant bags (orange) and projectiles (yellow). Both have separate racks.
* Shells are modelled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* A propellant charge remains in rack 2 after it is emptied and is later fired as part of rack 3. For the purpose of clarity, rack 2 is considered empty even if that charge is still present.
* Rack 4 (autoloader carrousel) is a first stage ammo rack containing 22 projectiles and 22 propellant charges.
** This rack gets filled first when loading up the tank and is also emptied first.
** As the {{PAGENAME}} is equipped with an autoloader, manual reloading of the gun is not possible.
** Once the autoloader magazine has been depleted, you can't shoot until the loader has restocked the autoloader with at least one shell. The restocking time is longer than the normal reload time of the gun. Take this into account when playing.
** Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from racks 1 to 3 into rack 4. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready rack.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|2A42 (30 mm)}}

A very distinctive feature of the T-72M2 is the 2A42 30 mm autocannon mounted on the right side of the turret. The gun is highly destructive against light vehicles, low-flying aircraft, and heavier vehicles showing their sides; alternatively, it can also be used to knock out enemies' barrels. It is considered as a "machine gun" and is operated by the vehicle gunner, sharing the same optics and thermals as the main gun.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[2A42 (30 mm)|30 mm 2A42]]
|-
! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
|-
| 250 (250) || 550 || -4°/+35° || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary (self-destroying)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="7" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| Default || 65 || 63 || 54 || 44 || 36 || 30
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''1''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|PKT (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[PKT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm PKT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 2,000 (250) || 700 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The T-72M2 Moderna is a Slovakian-upgraded Russian MBT that excels in mid- to long-range engagements with its powerful and accurate [https://wiki.warthunder.com/2A46MS_(125_mm) 125mm cannon].The recommended tactic is similar to most other Russian MBTs at this BR range: find targets at range using the excellent thermal sights, then use the laser rangefinder and well-endowed APFSDS/HEATFS to remove the target from as far away from your vehicle as possible.

When forced into close-range combat, this vehicle is very mediocre compared to NATO vehicles with its painful reverse speed, lack of neutral steering, and subpar turret traverse. However, the liberal application of ERA, slat armor, and the underlying composite armor can sometimes save you from smaller-calibre or poorly-aimed shells. IFVs in particular, even ones with high-penetrating APFSDS like the [[M3A3 Bradley]] and [[Strf 9040C]], will be almost helpless against the front of a Moderna

This vehicle will feel very reminiscent of the [[T-72AV (TURMS-T)]] for those players that have purchased the premium vehicle. Almost identical gun and armor performance will make them very useful complements to each other in a lineup .

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* DYNAS ERA provides up to 100 mm of kinetic protection
* Has access 2nd generation thermals for both the gunner and commander, which are also only a Tier II modification
* Powerful 30 mm autocannon operated gunner annihilates light vehicles/aircraft and can go through many MBT's side armor
* Has commander fire control
* Good situational awareness thanks to LWS
* TAPNA APFSDS provides greater penetrative capabilities against enemies, even better than the 3BM42 Mango used by its Russian contemporaries
* Amazing smoke: 11 charges per launch, with the unique feature of 1 per launch also firing straight up to provide overhead cover

'''Cons:'''

* Poor turret traverse and gun handling
* While it has good terrain crossing ability, it is overall a slower vehicle and has the standard horrible T-72 reverse gear
* Fixed 8x gunsight make engagements a struggle
* Hull and turret armour can easily be penetrated by most rounds it faces especially in uptiers
* 30 mm autocannon has no traverse of its own, can only move vertically
* Does not have access to ATGMs

== History ==


The T-72M2 Moderna is a licensed-produced Slovakian upgrade of the Soviet T-72 MBT. Among the various upgrades, the tank is fitted with DYNAS explosive reactive armour, a modernized 24A5MS 125 mm smoothbore gun, a single 30 mm 2A42 autocannon, a laser warning system, and an automated modern VEGA fire control system, originating from SFIM, a French development partner, and SABCA, a Belgian development partner.<ref name=":0">https://www.military-today.com/tanks/t72m2_moderna.htm</ref>

The first prototype of the T-72M2 Moderna, an improvement on the T-72M1 prototype, was introduced in 1993. Although attempts were made to put the T-72M2 Moderna into production domestically and for export buyers, no production orders were ever placed, therefore, few functioning examples were produced.<ref name=":0" />

=== [[wt:en/news/7639-development-battle-for-arachis-t-72m2-moderna-en|Devblog]] ===
After the division of Czechoslovakia followed by an economic crisis, Slovak tank builders found themselves on the brink of bankruptcy. Tank plant ZTS Dubnica initiated an upgrade project for the Soviet T-72 series MBT in order to make the tank interesting for both domestic and foreign operators. By 1993, together with the French company SFIM and the Belgian SABCA, a project was developed to modernize the T-72M1 tanks with a new VEGA fire control system, a new panoramic sight, an improved engine, domestic ERA protection and two gunpods with 20 mm KAA-200 guns on the turret's sides.

The built prototypes of the new main battle tank were designated T-72M2 Moderna. Later, the tank was equipped by a new DYNAS explosive reactive armour, and two 20 mm guns were replaced with one 30 mm 2A42 cannon. Only a few prototypes of the T-72M2 Moderna were built.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_t_72m2_moderna Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="200">
T-72M2 Moderna_WTWallpaper001.jpg
T-72M2 Moderna_WTWallpaper002.jpg
T-72M2 Moderna_WTWallpaper003.jpg
T-72M2 Moderna_WTWallpaper004.jpg
T-72M2 Moderna_WTWallpaper005.jpg
T-72M2 Moderna_WTWallpaper006.jpg
</gallery>

== See also ==

* [https://wiki.warthunder.com/T-72_(Family) T-72 Family]
* [http://www.military-today.com/tanks/t72m2_moderna.htm Military Today's article on the Moderna]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7639-development-battle-for-arachis-t-72m2-moderna-en|[Devblog] "Battle for Arachis": T-72M2 Moderna]]

=== References ===
<references />

{{TankManufacturer ZTS Dubnica}}
{{USSR medium tanks}}

Groza

2021-11-19T07:21:21Z

U45319534: I added a citation for the Groza Historical Pic after I was contacted about the copyright status. The copyright is unknown, given that the website the picture is from is a russian page and has no copyright information anywhere.

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_skr_groza_1943
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet gunboat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.89 "Imperial Navy"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}
The Groza is a mixed bag for survivability. While she sports a larger crew than PT boats and more compartments to mitigate incoming damage, she has very little armor and none on her hull. Any larger-caliber cannons, such as those found on other gunboats and the early destroyers Groza can face, will easily shred her internal compartments and knock out components. The engines are harder to knock out, however, since they were placed inside the hull on a staggered basis with alternating boiler and engine rooms in pairs. This setup makes it harder for one round to knock out both of her power plants, meaning the Groza usually survives heavy damage with at least partial propulsion remaining. Her crew numbers 114, but many are above deck manning her weapons and are easily whittled down by incoming rounds and any fires that may break out.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
The mobility of the Groza leaves much to be desired. She can only manage 21 knots forward and 10 knots in reverse, and the vessel’s turn time and rudder shift are very average. The Groza is powered by two three-drum water tube boilers, each driving one propeller shaft. The Groza will never be the first vessel to the battlefield or a capture point but still leaves some of the heavier armored gunboats in the dust.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}
{{main|Pattern 1911 (102 mm)}}

The Groza is host to a powerful primary armament: two [[Pattern 1911 (102 mm)]] naval guns, mounted fore and aft. These are the same weapons mounted on the destroyers Frunze and Kerch, and are among the best cannons to be found on a coastal vessel. They have decent ballistics and are hard-hitting, even against the US destroyers that are slathered with anti-fragmentation armor. Each has a 160-round ammo supply, which will last for quite a while even during constant combat. The guns have a very slow horizontal targeting speed of only 4.2° per second, so planning ahead and turning your guns towards a target before coming within line of sight is imperative.

The stock shell, a base-fuzed High-Explosive round, is arguably the best as it features 2.1 kg of explosive mass and 52mm base penetration. The only other shell available is a shrapnel round with only 218 g of explosive mass. This round can be useful against PT boats but the improvement is marginal over the HE, and it only has 5mm of penetration at any angle.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
{{main|37 mm/67 70-K (37 mm)}}

This vessel is equipped with a secondary armament that will make many reserve destroyers jealous: three of the powerful [[37 mm/67 70-K (37 mm)]] autocannons with a base penetration of 79mm and lethal HE shells. The belts are selectable with the stock belt being a very good Universal belt, the researchable ones being AP and HE. The universal belt is usually the best to use with its good mix of heavy armor-piercing projectiles and deadly high-explosive shells. If you tend to face more PT boats and aircraft, the HE belt will be your go to with the AP belt being more effective against the rarer armored gunboats and destroyers.

One turret is mounted in the front of the ship, between the forward main gun and the bridge. The other two are directly in front of and behind the rear main gun, giving the 37mm battery complete coverage around the ship. These are your best weapons for combating enemy coastal vessels given their higher fire rate and better turn time than the 102mm guns.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}
{{main|DShK (12.7 mm)}}

The anti-aircraft armament of the Groza is lackluster but not without mention. She employs two [[DShK (12.7 mm)]] heavy machine guns, one on each side of the superstructure. These weapons have a very short engagement range and have relatively small ammo counts, but reload quickly and can be a menace to nearby PT boats.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|45-36NU (450 mm)|BB-1 depth charge}}

The Groza also is unique among gunboats in that she has a fully-traversable, triple-tube torpedo launcher at her disposal with three of the decent [[45-36NU (450 mm)]] torpedo which can easily cripple destroyers and even cruisers in an uptier with a 284 kg warhead and 41 knot speed. While it is difficult to set up for your own torpedo launches due to her slow speed and the torpedo's limited range, a destroyer or other coastal ship coming around a nearby island or sailing straight is easy prey.

Of lesser utility are the 12 [[BB-1]] depth charges she is capable of mounting. These are very situational weapons and are only useful if an enemy ship tries to board you. However, on the rare occasion an enemy PT boat tries to hide under your guns these can come in useful.

== Usage in battles ==
The Groza is best used as a support vessel for quicker PT boats or better-armored gunboats. Her 102mm guns provide excellent ballistics for medium-long range engagements, and the 37mm battery can effectively combat any coastal vessel she encounters. If she is safe from return fire or the enemy is distracted by an ally, the Groza can also be a dangerous threat to any destroyer she faces.

Another method of play is escorting or following allied destroyers. While the Groza cannot keep up with any of them, she can provide far more comprehensive defense against PT boats and aircraft than early destroyers are capable of. This is especially viable when playing in a squad.

The most dangerous vessels the Groza can face are any destroyer, which can usually obliterate her weak hull in one salvo, and any coastal vessel with a large-caliber, fast-firing cannon such as the German 3.7cm or Allied 40mm Bofors cannons. These mounts have the fire rate to quickly knock out each of the Groza’s weapons and compartments and must be dealt with before they get within effective firing range.

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* One of the best primary armament setups of any coastal gunboat
* Very effective anti-air defense for her size with three large-caliber autocannons and two heavy machine guns
* Can easily cripple/sink destroyers with her powerful main battery
* Has a fully-traversable torpedo launcher
* Has access to a rangefinder and fire-control director, which is rare for coastal vessels
* Rarely loses all propulsion due to unique staggered boiler layout

*

'''Cons:'''

* Painfully slow, cannot even keep up with battleships
* Main battery has extremely slow traverse rate
* Almost completely unarmored and a large target, attracts fire easily
* Weapons are easily knocked out, rapidly depleting crew and self-defense capability
* Faces early destroyers often

*

== History ==
The Uragan class of guard ships were constructed from 1927 until 1938, with the type being in service from 1931 all the way up till 1959. 18 of the ships were built with six lost in combat, three of those sunk later being raised.

The Uragans were assigned to all four Soviet fleets and entered combat in every theater. One of the first actions involved the Metel’, carrying wounded soldiers to Vladivostok and escorting three convoys during the Lake Khasan border conflict with Japan. During World War II, the Uragans played an active part in the campaigns around Leningrad by providing fire support to Soviet ground troops. In the Black Sea, they played an active role in escorting convoys and providing fire support to encircled Red Army ports such as Sevastopol. In the final days of the war, two of the vessels also supported amphibious landings in Korea and an Sakhalin Island.
[[File:Uragan Historical Photo.jpg|thumb|Groza in her wartime paint scheme<ref>http://wio.ru/fleet/ww2stor.htm, it is unknown what the copyright status of this picture is given that the website I pulled it from is Russian and doesn't seem to have any copyright information anywhere.</ref>]]
Very little information is known about the class after World War 2. Reportedly, most became training ships and were scrapped during the 1950s.

== Media ==
[[File:Groza Firing.png|thumb|Groza firing her main guns at the enemy]]

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* [[USS Candid]]
* [[M-17]]
* [[HMCS Brantford]]
* [[Type K-8 No.13 late]]
* [[RN Gabbiano]]

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* <nowiki>https://www.navypedia.org/ships/russia/ru_es_uragan.htm</nowiki>
* <nowiki>http://wio.ru/fleet/ww2stor.htm</nowiki>
{{USSR boats}}

Groza

2021-11-18T05:59:32Z

U45319534: I added the whole page for the vessel.

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_skr_groza_1943
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet gunboat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.89 "Imperial Navy"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}
The Groza is a mixed bag for survivability. While she sports a larger crew than PT boats and more compartments to mitigate incoming damage, she has very little armor and none on her hull. Any larger-caliber cannons, such as those found on other gunboats and the early destroyers Groza can face, will easily shred her internal compartments and knock out components. The engines are harder to knock out, however, since they were placed inside the hull on a staggered basis with alternating boiler and engine rooms in pairs. This setup makes it harder for one round to knock out both of her power plants, meaning the Groza usually survives heavy damage with at least partial propulsion remaining. Her crew numbers 114, but many are above deck manning her weapons and are easily whittled down by incoming rounds and any fires that may break out.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
The mobility of the Groza leaves much to be desired. She can only manage 21 knots forward and 10 knots in reverse, and the vessel’s turn time and rudder shift are very average. The Groza is powered by two three-drum water tube boilers, each driving one propeller shaft. The Groza will never be the first vessel to the battlefield or a capture point but still leaves some of the heavier armored gunboats in the dust.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}
{{main|Pattern 1911 (102 mm)}}

The Groza is host to a powerful primary armament: two [[Pattern 1911 (102 mm)]] naval guns, mounted fore and aft. These are the same weapons mounted on the destroyers Frunze and Kerch, and are among the best cannons to be found on a coastal vessel. They have decent ballistics and are hard-hitting, even against the US destroyers that are slathered with anti-fragmentation armor. Each has a 160-round ammo supply, which will last for quite a while even during constant combat. The guns have a very slow horizontal targeting speed of only 4.2° per second, so planning ahead and turning your guns towards a target before coming within line of sight is imperative.

The stock shell, a base-fuzed High-Explosive round, is arguably the best as it features 2.1 kg of explosive mass and 52mm base penetration. The only other shell available is a shrapnel round with only 218 g of explosive mass. This round can be useful against PT boats but the improvement is marginal over the HE, and it only has 5mm of penetration at any angle.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
{{main|37 mm/67 70-K (37 mm)}}

This vessel is equipped with a secondary armament that will make many reserve destroyers jealous: three of the powerful [[37 mm/67 70-K (37 mm)]] autocannons with a base penetration of 79mm and lethal HE shells. The belts are selectable with the stock belt being a very good Universal belt, the researchable ones being AP and HE. The universal belt is usually the best to use with its good mix of heavy armor-piercing projectiles and deadly high-explosive shells. If you tend to face more PT boats and aircraft, the HE belt will be your go to with the AP belt being more effective against the rarer armored gunboats and destroyers.

One turret is mounted in the front of the ship, between the forward main gun and the bridge. The other two are directly in front of and behind the rear main gun, giving the 37mm battery complete coverage around the ship. These are your best weapons for combating enemy coastal vessels given their higher fire rate and better turn time than the 102mm guns.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}
{{main|DShK (12.7 mm)}}

The anti-aircraft armament of the Groza is lackluster but not without mention. She employs two [[DShK (12.7 mm)]] heavy machine guns, one on each side of the superstructure. These weapons have a very short engagement range and have relatively small ammo counts, but reload quickly and can be a menace to nearby PT boats.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|45-36NU (450 mm)|BB-1 depth charge}}

The Groza also is unique among gunboats in that she has a fully-traversable, triple-tube torpedo launcher at her disposal with three of the decent [[45-36NU (450 mm)]] torpedo which can easily cripple destroyers and even cruisers in an uptier with a 284 kg warhead and 41 knot speed. While it is difficult to set up for your own torpedo launches due to her slow speed and the torpedo's limited range, a destroyer or other coastal ship coming around a nearby island or sailing straight is easy prey.

Of lesser utility are the 12 [[BB-1]] depth charges she is capable of mounting. These are very situational weapons and are only useful if an enemy ship tries to board you. However, on the rare occasion an enemy PT boat tries to hide under your guns these can come in useful.

== Usage in battles ==
The Groza is best used as a support vessel for quicker PT boats or better-armored gunboats. Her 102mm guns provide excellent ballistics for medium-long range engagements, and the 37mm battery can effectively combat any coastal vessel she encounters. If she is safe from return fire or the enemy is distracted by an ally, the Groza can also be a dangerous threat to any destroyer she faces.

Another method of play is escorting or following allied destroyers. While the Groza cannot keep up with any of them, she can provide far more comprehensive defense against PT boats and aircraft than early destroyers are capable of. This is especially viable when playing in a squad.

The most dangerous vessels the Groza can face are any destroyer, which can usually obliterate her weak hull in one salvo, and any coastal vessel with a large-caliber, fast-firing cannon such as the German 3.7cm or Allied 40mm Bofors cannons. These mounts have the fire rate to quickly knock out each of the Groza’s weapons and compartments and must be dealt with before they get within effective firing range.

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* One of the best primary armament setups of any coastal gunboat
* Very effective anti-air defense for her size with three large-caliber autocannons and two heavy machine guns
* Can easily cripple/sink destroyers with her powerful main battery
* Has a fully-traversable torpedo launcher
* Has access to a rangefinder and fire-control director, which is rare for coastal vessels
* Rarely loses all propulsion due to unique staggered boiler layout

*

'''Cons:'''

* Painfully slow, cannot even keep up with battleships
* Main battery has extremely slow traverse rate
* Almost completely unarmored and a large target, attracts fire easily
* Weapons are easily knocked out, rapidly depleting crew and self-defense capability
* Faces early destroyers often

*

== History ==
The Uragan class of guard ships were constructed from 1927 until 1938, with the type being in service from 1931 all the way up till 1959. 18 of the ships were built with six lost in combat, three of those sunk later being raised.

The Uragans were assigned to all four Soviet fleets and entered combat in every theater. One of the first actions involved the Metel’, carrying wounded soldiers to Vladivostok and escorting three convoys during the Lake Khasan border conflict with Japan. During World War II, the Uragans played an active part in the campaigns around Leningrad by providing fire support to Soviet ground troops. In the Black Sea, they played an active role in escorting convoys and providing fire support to encircled Red Army ports such as Sevastopol. In the final days of the war, two of the vessels also supported amphibious landings in Korea and an Sakhalin Island.
[[File:Uragan Historical Photo.jpg|thumb|Groza in her wartime paint scheme]]
Very little information is known about the class after World War 2. Reportedly, most became training ships and were scrapped during the 1950s.

== Media ==
[[File:Groza Firing.png|thumb|Groza firing her main guns at the enemy]]

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* [[USS Candid]]
* [[M-17]]
* [[HMCS Brantford]]
* [[Type K-8 No.13 late]]
* [[RN Gabbiano]]

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* <nowiki>https://www.navypedia.org/ships/russia/ru_es_uragan.htm</nowiki>
* <nowiki>http://wio.ru/fleet/ww2stor.htm</nowiki>
{{USSR boats}}

File:Uragan Historical Photo.jpg

2021-11-18T05:55:28Z

U45319534:

A historical photo of a Uragan-class ship.

File:Groza Firing.png

2021-11-18T05:53:21Z

U45319534:

A screenshot I took of the Groza firing from her main guns to use in her WT Wiki article.

Bussard

2021-10-21T16:52:27Z

U45319534: I wrote the entire page for this vessel.

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_type143_bussard
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=id50147_bussard_germany
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} German motor torpedo gun boat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Red Skies"]] as a reward for the [[wt:en/news/7267-event-summer-landing-en|2021 Summer Landing event]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

The survivability of the Bussard is abysmal. Even with its higher crew count than PT boats, the vessel is completely unprotected by any kind of armor and any gunfire that makes contact with the Bussard will make short work of her crew and compartments. The crew is large at 40 personnel, but they are quickly taken out by incoming gunfire.

The turrets and ammo magazine are a relatively compact package and so ammo detonations are possible but not extremely common. The secondary armaments are very small and hard to hit, being only four machine guns above the bridge. The bridge and engines/transmissions are very large targets and are often the first things destroyed when taking fire.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

The ship is powered by four MTU 16V 956 TB91 diesels, each producing 17,700 shaft horsepower. This gives the Bussard a very good speed for its size, and provides quick maneuvering at any speed. The vessel can obtain a forward speed of slightly over 41 knots spaded, and has a very respectable 22 knot reverse speed. The ship isn't as good as other coastal craft at stopping from full speed, but it is enough to avoid constantly crashing into islands on heavily clustered maps. The rudder shifting is very responsive, taking around five seconds to go completely from one side to the other.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|76 mm/62 OTO-Melara Compact (76 mm)}}

The two [[76 mm/62 OTO-Melara Compact (76 mm)]] guns are fast-firing, hard hitting, and have access to some excellent ammunition: a very effective HE shell and an HE-VT shell that easily shreds incoming aircraft.

The reload speed of the weapons is fixed at .9 seconds with the installed autoloader, with a ready-use ammo supply of 85 rounds per gun. The ballistics are excellent at close to medium range, but at long range begins to suffer given the small caliber of the weapons.

Against enemy ships, the High-Explosive shell is the obvious choice. A very potent explosive mass will shred other coastal vessels and can start fires on larger ships.

Against enemy aircraft and to a lesser extent small vessels, the HE-VT shells are very effective. Enemy aircraft nearby will not last long against the quick-firing proximity shells, and smaller vessels are susceptible to them as they act like normal HE against surface targets.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|AN-M2 (12.7 mm)|MG3 (7.62 mm)}}

The secondary armament is very lackluster, but is still capable of doing some damage. Two [[AN-M2 (12.7 mm)]] heavy machine guns and two [[MG3 (7.62 mm)]] light machine guns, one of each on the port and starboard sides of the bridge, provide limited defense against other coastal craft and nearby aircraft.

The .50 caliber weapons come stock with a Universal belt, and you can unlock an AP and APIT belt with higher portions of Incendiary and Armor-Piercing rounds.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Seal DM2A1 (533 mm)}}

The Bussard also has access to two [[Seal DM2A1 (533 mm)]] torpedoes on the rear deck. The torpedoes launch backwards and quickly turn around before continuing on their course. The weapons have a very long range and good speed, and while the warhead is mediocre at 250kg of explosive mass it is still effective against light craft and destroyers.

== Usage in battles ==

This ship is best used as a second-line ship, supporting faster or more maneuverable vessels with its powerful main armament. She relies on nearby allies since her hull is very weak and at the same time presents a large target. It can also be an effective anti-aircraft escort for friendly vessels with its fast-firing proximity rounds, air search radar, and air target tracking radar that can lock onto enemy aircraft and provide a lead indicator.

Everything in the game is a major threat to this ship given its large size and easily damaged components. Vessels such as the American PT boats with their large-caliber 20mm and 40mm cannons are top priority, with any coastal craft or destroyer it can face being a danger.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

- Large-caliber, fast-firing main guns.

- Effective ammunition choices.

- Very good speed and maneuverability for her size.

- Air search and tracking radar.

*

'''Cons:'''

- Large target and no armor, gets destroyed very easily.

- Only two primary weapons, one being destroyed heavily impacts damage potential.

- Secondary/AA armament is extremely lacking.

*

== History ==

The '''Type 143 ''Albatros'' class''' was a German class of missile bearing fast attack craft. Each vessel is named after a bird of prey including the albatross, condor and cormorant. Constructed by German shipbuilders Lürssen and Kröger, the vessels were intended to replace the Type 141 ''Seeadler'' class. The German Navy retired the class in 2005 and sold the boats off to Tunisia and Ghana.

S61—S65 were assigned to the 2nd Fast Attack Craft Squadron, and S66—S70 belonged to the 7th, both squadrons being based in Warnemünde.

In 2005, Tunisia purchased six of the craft from Germany. The Exocet launchers were removed before the transfer. In July of 2010, Ghana reportedly purchased two of the vessels from Germany.

https://warthunder.com/en/news/7261-development-summer-marathon-vehicles-type-143-bussard-en

== Media ==
[[File:Bussard with LS-3 Escort.png|thumb]]
[[File:Bussard firing on the enemy.jpg|thumb]]

== See also ==


* ''[[Albatros-Klasse (143)|https://wiki.warthunder.com/Albatros]]''
* [[Asheville (PGM-84)]], [[SKR-1]], [[HMS Peacock]], [[Chikugo]], [[Saetta P-494]].

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7261-development-summer-marathon-vehicles-type-143-bussard-en|[Devblog] Summer marathon vehicles: Type 143 Bussard]]

{{Germany boats}}

File:Bussard firing on the enemy.jpg

2021-10-21T16:41:38Z

U45319534:

My own screenshot used to fill out this article.

File:Bussard with LS-3 Escort.png

2021-10-21T16:40:28Z

U45319534:

My own screenshot taken to fill out the wiki article.

Mirage IIIC

2021-08-31T21:41:35Z

U45319534: The History portion of this page seemed to have been written by someone for whom English isn't their primary language, so I cleaned up grammar and the writing flow. Also added in a few links to other delta-wing aircraft in WT and the Dassault website.

{{Specs-Card
|code=mirage_3c
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_mirage_3c.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} French jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Starfighters"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Mirage IIIC has one of the best joystick handling characteristics of any aircraft in War Thunder, with the capability to perform a Kulbit, which is essentially a backflip in forward flight. Unlike the [[J35D|J35]] "Draken" it retains superb handling characteristics in a deep stall, allowing rapid-reaction vector-thrust-like maneuverability albeit the yaw control being commanded by the inverse roll control axis. It also does not suddenly transition from lack of elevator authority to excessive pitch-up authority like the [[J35D|J35]] but joystick pilots will still need to monitor their airspeed so sudden maneuvering does not result in an Over-G wing stress or an unwanted cobra. The Mirage III also as a result of its low stall speed (100 knots, 185 km/h) is capable of tight turns only beaten by the [[J35D|J35]] however it has superb maneuvering energy retention whilst on joystick, with the capacity to bleed speed at will, resulting in what is potentially, an irreversible supersonic fighter in the hands of a veteran pilot.

New pilots may find assistance utilizing the Stability Augmentation System (SAS) mode set to dampening to prevent unwanted stalls. Additionally, setting pitch-axis multiplier down to less than 0.95 will also aid with unwanted Over-G wing stress situations.

It should be noted that the Mirage IIIE has differing flight characteristics to the Mirage IIIC, in that the IIIE flight model has heavier moment of inertia, resulting in sluggish control input.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 12,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,087 || 2,045 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.5 || 30.1 || 109.3 || 97.7 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| 2,238 || 2,160 || 26.7 || 28.0 || 173.1 || 140.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || X || X || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || N/A || ~12 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 920 || < 750 || < 650 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel, no booster)
|-
| colspan="2" | SNECMA Atar 9B || 1
| colspan="2" | 6,340 kg || colspan="2" | 258 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load, no booster) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 8m fuel || 20m fuel || 28m fuel
|-
| 1,450 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
| 6,900 kg || 7,673 kg || 8,206 kg || 10,950 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP, no booster)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 8m fuel || 20m fuel || 28m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 4,230 kgf || 6,090 kgf
| 0.88 || 0.79 || 0.74 || 0.56
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 5,118 kgf (1,200 - 1,400 km/h) || 8,253 kgf (1,400 km/h)
| 1.20 || 1.08 || 1.01 || 0.75
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The Mirage IIIC has no armor and is very susceptible to damage. Hits that do not outright destroy the aircraft will severely hamper maneuverability and performance. A damaged engine will require immediate landing, since the aircraft loses a lot of energy while turning, the loss of power will be very noticeable. Wing or tail/rudder damage will result in flatspins if the aircraft is taken to low speeds or if too many G's are pulled.

Overall, if damaged, a pilot should seek to land as soon as possible while attempting to make as few maneuvers as possible.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SAMP Type 25 (250 kg)|SAMP Type 21 (400 kg)|SNEB type 23|DEFA 552A (30 mm)}}
{{main|AIM-9B Sidewinder|AS-30 Nord|Matra R530|Matra R530E|Matra R550 Magic 1}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons (125 rpg = 250 total)
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 1 x Matra R530E missile
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 1 x Matra R530 missile
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 2 x Matra R550 Magic 1 missiles
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 1 x Matra R530E missile + 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 1 x Matra R530E missile + 2 x Matra R550 Magic 1 missiles
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 1 x Matra R530E missile + 36 x SNEB type 23 rockets + 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 1 x Matra R530E missile + 36 x SNEB type 23 rockets + 2 x Matra R550 Magic 1 missiles
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 1 x Matra R530 missile + 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 1 x Matra R530 missile + 2 x Matra R550 Magic 1 missiles
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 1 x Matra R530 missile + 36 x SNEB type 23 rockets + 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 1 x Matra R530 missile + 36 x SNEB type 23 rockets + 2 x Matra R550 Magic 1 missiles
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 1 x AS-30 Nord missile + 36 x SNEB type 23 rockets
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 1 x AS-30 Nord missile + 72 x SNEB type 23 rockets
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 2 x 250 kg SAMP Type 25 bombs (500 kg total)
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 2 x 400 kg SAMP Type 21 bombs (800 kg total)
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 2 x 250 kg SAMP Type 25 bombs + 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles (500 kg total)
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 2 x 250 kg SAMP Type 25 bombs + 2 x Matra R550 Magic 1 missiles (500 kg total)
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 2 x 250 kg SAMP Type 25 bombs + 36 x SNEB type 23 rockets (500 kg total)
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 2 x 250 kg SAMP Type 25 bombs + 72 x SNEB type 23 rockets (500 kg total)
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 2 x 400 kg SAMP Type 21 bombs + 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles (800 kg total)
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 2 x 400 kg SAMP Type 21 bombs + 2 x Matra R550 Magic 1 missiles (800 kg total)
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 2 x 400 kg SAMP Type 21 bombs + 36 x SNEB type 23 rockets (800 kg total)
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 2 x 400 kg SAMP Type 21 bombs + 72 x SNEB type 23 rockets (800 kg total)
* 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 2 x Matra R550 Magic 1 missiles

== Usage in battles ==

The Mirage IIIC is a multirole strike fighter which can be used in a wide variety of roles from air-to-air and a really limited role in air-to-ground.

'''When in air battles:'''

The Mirage IIIC is one of the most feared planes in the sky, not only because of its speed but because of its powerful air-to-air missiles. However, the Mirage lacks "ACM" (Air Combat Maneuvering) bore-sight lock capability, and thus it must "search" then "acquire lock" before being able to slave a missile to its radar, which can be exceedingly frustrating to use for joystick pilots, where the uncaged seeker of the Matra Magic missile will often lose lock without radar slaving assistance.

The Mirage has a wide range of AAMs featuring both IR seeker and radar-guided missiles: the AIM-9B, Matra R550 Magic 1, Matra R530E and the Matra R530. Each of the missiles has its pros and cons which will be explained. It should be noted that the Mirage '''should not be used as a bomber in Air Realistic battles''' due to its mediocre bomb payload.

''AIM-9B:''

This is one of the most universal and basic IR AAM which is available in many nations. Although they are one of the easiest missiles to evade, their speed and range make them deadly against unaware or low-energy enemies.

''Matra R550 Magic 1:''

This is an IR AAM unique to France which is hard to evade without the use of flares due to its high speed, G-limit and firing range. They are similar to the [[SRAAM]] missiles in terms of use due to its G-limit. The main difference is that the R550 does not have a thrust vectoring system, meaning it has to gain speed when launched in order to make turns which differs from SRAAM which can turn while gaining speed in super short distances (less than 1 km but greater than 200 m) due to the vectoring thrust.

''Matra R530E:''

This IR AAM has a tremendous explosive power, speed, and firing range. Despite not being the most agile AAM in the game, they are the best IR long range AAM. This comes with a cost, the Mirage only has access to 1 carried on the belly pylon. This missile should only be used when chasing enemy planes in a run, not while turning. The main downside is fighting against planes with Infrared Countermeasures (IRCM) and Missile Alert Warning (MAW) which will automatically dump flares upon detecting the missile.

''Matra R530:''

This is the biggest radar-guided AAM in the game, exactly the same as the R530E but with radar guidance and without a maximum lock-on range in rear aspect, meaning it can be fired at any target locked by the radar no matter the aspect (rear, front, side, etc). The main downsides of this missile are the same as the R530E but this time it loses its "stealth" factor as many planes carry Radar Warning Receivers (RWR). MAW, IRCM and flares will not affect the performance of the missile as the only way to evade a radar lock-on missile is to escape from the radar range and azimuth or by causing interference using the ground (refer to [[Airborne radars#Clutter]]).

Take the required payload upon discretion.

'''When in ground battles:'''

The Mirage has a decent payload when in GRB. Although limited, the Mirage can do competitive CAS runs with the SNEB rocket pods, bombs, and Nord AGMs. With the help of the ballistic computer, the Mirage is capable of enhancing the accuracy of this armament in addition to its 30 mm gun pods. It should be noted that the amount of ordnance is really small (only 36 x SNEB rockets, 2 x 400 kg bombs, 2 x 250 kg bombs, or 1 x AS-30 Nord AGM) but can be deadly in a good pilot's hands.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Magic missiles have very high probability of kill
* Long range Matra R530E missile allows you to catch pilots by surprise
* 30 mm cannons are nose-mounted, so there is little need for convergence
* Very manoeuvrable
* Variety of suspended armament is vast

'''Cons:'''

* Bleeds energy at high angles of attack
* Relatively low thrust to weight ratio compared to its peers
* No armor
* Oldest/weakest engine of all current top-rank planes
* Can't accelerate from dogfight in time
* No flares or RWR

== History ==

=== Post-war French aviation ===
After the Second World War, the French aviation design community was still in ruins. While research had continued during the war, the destruction of factories and breakup of research teams had caused French designs to lag behind. The first design built by France after the Second World War was the famous VB.10 fighter, which completed its first flight mission in 1947, though the original design work was started in 1940 and interrupted by the German invasion. Even though the French designers were eager to get back to designing aircraft for their nation, the government still couldn't provide enough money and resources to help them achieve their dreams, so the French Air Force was still equipped with American F-84 Thunderjets and British Vampires at the beginning of the Cold War. The SNCASE company also chose to buy the production license for the de Havilland Vampire fighter, naming it "Mistral".

Those early American and British designs helped the French designers learn about jet fighters, and soon thereafter they were able to launch a series of successful works such as the SO.4050 Vautour, MD.452 Mystère II, MD.454 Mystère IVA, and Super Mystère B.2 in the 1950s. However, soon afterwards the American F-100 Super Saber and Soviet MiG-19 fighter entered into service in 1954 and 1955, leaving the French Air Force with only subsonic designs. Even the latest Super Mystère B.2 could only break the speed of sound in a dive, and so the French Air Force bought North American F-100D fighters as a stopgap measure.

However, the French designers wouldn't be beaten a second time. Marcel Ferdinand Bloch, designer of the famous MB.152 piston fighter, had been captured by Germans during the Second World War because of his Jewish identity, but was saved by the US Third Army in 1945. After that, Bloch changed his last name to Char D'Assault to honor his brother's Resistance service under the same name. In 1947, the Dassault company received their first order from French Air Force to build three prototype planes, and the first of them successfully flew in 1949. The duration of the entire development work was only 18 months, with the new fighter being named MD.450 Ouragan. The aircraft was introduced into service in 1952.

Their second product, MD.452 Mystère II, was based on their previous fighter design and used a swept wing to improve the flight performance. The MD.454 Mystère IVA was one of the most famous products made by Dassault company during the 1950s. The aircraft was used by the Israel Air Force during the Suez Canal War in 1956 and successfully combated Egyptian MiG-15 fighters.

=== The tale of "Mirage" ===
In response to the challenge of the Soviet Union's new Mach 2 MiG-21 which would enter into service in 1960, Dassault designed the MD.550 Mystère-Delta program, which was usually misunderstood by the public as a design born on the basis of the Super Mystère B.2 fighter. In fact, it was born based on an improved version of the Mystère IV fighter, and there was no direct relationship between it and the Super Mystère B.2. Initially competing with Dassault's MD.550 project were the Nord 1500 Griffon, SE-212 Durandal, and SO.9050 Trident II projects, but the Mystère-Delta stood out and soon received an order from the French Air Force for two prototypes.

In 1956, after the first design changes, the Mystère-Delta prototype was renamed the Mirage I. The aircraft only had one air-to-air missile as its primary weapon, and only achieved Mach 1.6 during the flight test, even after it utilized the built-in rocket motor. To achieve the goal of reaching Mach 2 speed in level flight, Dassault changed the main design again, including a change in fixed air intake design to a variable air intake design and the introduction of the area rule design. The Mirage I design was eventually abandoned, and the Mirage II fighter was designed to use Turboméca Gabizo afterburning turbojets along with a pair of the SEPR rocket motors, but it was cancelled and never built.

The final design which entered into service in 1961 was called the Mirage III, and the first truly mass production version was called Mirage IIIC with the A version only used for research propose, and the B being built as a training version. The basic weapon used on the Mirage IIIC fighter was the DEFA 552 30 mm canno, two of which were mounted on the aircraft and could carry 250 rounds in total. Dassault also introduced the Matra R.530 radar or infrared-guided medium-range air-to-air missile to the aircraft, which had a maximum firing range of 18 km and maximum maneuvering overload of 12G. The Mirage IIIC fighter also carried two AIM-9B Sidewinder infrared-guided short-range air-to-air missile for WVR combat in the 1960s. In 1975, the famous Matra R.550 Magic 1 infrared-guided short-range air-to-air missile with a maximum maneuvering overload of 35G (30G ingame) entered into service, with both the Mirage III fighter and Mirage F.1 fighters being upgraded with the capability to launch the missile.

For the ground attack role, the Mirage IIIC fighter can use unguided bombs and SNEB 68 mm rockets, with the Nord AS.20 and AS.30 radio-guided air-to-ground missiles also being good choices for the pilot. However, only one of the Nord missiles can be equipped at a time under the fuselage.

As for the avionics, the Mirage IIIC was initially equipped with a Cyrano I bis search and fire-control radar, later it was upgraded to Cyrano IIA radar with improved performance. After entering into service in 1961, the Cyrano radar suffered many technical problems which led to the fact that the first 25 Mirage IIICs didn't receive the system when they entered into service. The Cyrano I bis and Cyrano IIA radar only have air-to-air capacity, air-to-ground capability like the ground-mapping mode was added into the Cyrano IIB radar which was installed into Australian Mirage IIIO fighter and later versions. The Mirage IIIC fighter was also one of the firstWestern military aircraft design to utilize a heads-up display from the beginning in the form of the CSF95. The Mirage IIIC was also one of the first European designs which equipped the Crouzet 20 Central Air Data Computer. with the BAC Lightning only receiving its own Central Air Data Computer from the F.2A version.

The power plant of the Mirage IIIC fighter is the SNECMA Atar 9B turbojet engine. The pilot can choose to equip the SEPR 841 auxiliary rocket motor to improve the flight performance at high altitude, though this removes the two DEFA cannons.

=== [[wt:en/news/6728-development-mirage-iiic-an-illusive-figure-en|Devblog]] ===
In 1952, the French government issued a specification for a lightweight, all-weather jet fighter capable of reaching supersonic speeds. Three French aircraft manufacturers responded to the call, designing new aircraft to meet the given specifications. Among them was Dassault Aviation which came up with the MD.550 Delta - a single engine delta wing design with a large vertical stabilizer and provisions for an additional propulsion system in the form of a rocket engine.

The MD.550 Delta prototype first took to the skies in June 1954. After having its flight data evaluated, the design underwent some changes and received the official name Mirage I. Subsequent test flights of the redesigned prototype showed improvements in flight performance, but Dassault quickly came to the conclusion that the aircraft was too small and light to meet the required ordnance-carrying capabilities and as such the prototype was eventually scrapped.

However, Dassault didn't want to give up on the design. Instead, the company continued developing the aircraft, quickly coming up with an enlarged and more powerful version called Mirage II. With the advent of more powerful versions of the SNECMA Atar engines in the late 1950s, the Mirage II concept was abandoned before it even left the drawing board and Dassault immediately began working on an even larger version of the aircraft around the new engines. The result of this undertaking was the creation of the Mirage III.

By this time, the aircraft had also caught the attention of the French Air Force, which motivated Dassault to proceed with further development. In November 1956, the Mirage III first took to the skies, and after a number of subsequent test flights, an order for 10 pre-production machines, designated Mirage IIIA, was issued by the French Air Force.

Following positive experiences with the pre-production machines, the military placed a further order for 95 machines of the first production version, designated Mirage IIIC. This version of the Mirage first flew in October 1960 and entered official service in 1961, remaining in service with French units until the late 1980s.

Apart from French service, the Mirage IIIC also saw extensive use with the Israeli Air Force during the Six Day War as well as the Yom Kippur War of the late 1960s and early 1970s. Some of the Israeli Mirages were later on sold to Argentina, which in turn used its Mirages in the Falklands War of the 1980s.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=france&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=fighter&vehicle=mirage_3c Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

'''Images'''<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:Mirage IIIC WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:Mirage IIIC WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:Mirage IIIC WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:Mirage IIIC WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:Mirage IIIC WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:Mirage IIIC WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|QAA4S31Hbhw|'''The Shooting Range #202''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:40 discusses the Mirage III.|rpp-GqXiaKg|'''The Shooting Range #214''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:27 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==

* [[Mirage IIIE]], an improved version of the aircraft.
* Other delta-wing aircraft such as the British [[Javelin F.(A.W.) Mk.9]] and the Swedish [[J35D]].

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6728-development-mirage-iiic-an-illusive-figure-en|[Devblog] Mirage IIIC: An Illusive Figure]]
* https://www.dassault-aviation.com/en/passion/aircraft/military-dassault-aircraft/mirage-iii/

{{AirManufacturer Bloch}}
{{France jet aircraft}}

V-11 (37 mm)

2021-08-04T23:02:44Z

U45319534: Put in the description and history that somehow didn't transfer over from my original writing of the page.

== Description ==
The V-11 is a twin-barreled automatic anti-aircraft gun mount found on five vessels of the Soviet naval trees.

Developed from the single-barrel 70-K found in the Soviet Army and Navy, this mount combines a large shell with high firing rates to produce a very competent anti-aircraft and anti-ship weapon.

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===


* {{Specs-Link|ussr_cruiser_chapayev}}
* {{Specs-Link|ussr_skr_pr50_jenot}}
* {{Specs-Link|ussr_skr_pr50plo_rosomacha}}
* {{Specs-Link|ussr_cruiser_sverdlov}}
* {{Specs-Link|ussr_cruiser_zheleznyakov}}

== General info ==

This gun fires quickly for its size, with a reload time of 0.43 seconds stock, 0.33 seconds with an expert crew. The mount is fully traversing, limited only by objects in its way such as other guns or parts of the ship. Vertical guidance is -5°/+89° which gives it the ability to fire anywhere it pleases.

=== Available ammunition ===

On the coastal ships Yenot and Rosomacha, you have a choice between Universal (50/50), HE (5 HEF-T/1 AP-T), or AP (1 HEF-T/5 AP-T).

Universal is very useful as it is able to damage both aircraft and lightly armoured ships severely. With how fast the gun can fire, only half of the belt being HE is not an issue against aircraft, and the same holds true for the AP rounds against other vessels.

=== Comparison with analogues ===

Compared to the earlier 45 mm/46 21-K, the V-11 fires 5 times faster while not sacrificing too much explosive mass.

The 40 mm Bofors guns found on many American and British vessels have almost identical performance to the V-11.

The 37 mm guns found on German ships have far lower fire rates, while the 37s found on Italian ships are either better (Breda mod.38/mod.39) or far worse (Breda mod.32).

The Japanese have no direct counterpart, the closest being their trusty 25 mm mounts which have a fire rate 5 times slower.

== Usage in battles ==

This gun is best used as it was designed: to crush enemy aircraft with its devastating fire rate and high-explosive shells as well as smother enemy lightly-armoured vessels with its armour-piercing rounds. This mount does not have the best horizontal traverse rate, so it is advisable to take control of the turrets and rotate them towards the target you want them to engage before they come into range and you turn it over to the AI.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High fire rate, can devastate enemy aircraft/light vessels easily.
* Near-perfect -5°/+89° vertical guidance, aircraft cannot avoid this weapon by attacking from directly overhead.
* Far better effective range compared to the 20 mm cannons found on earlier ships.

'''Cons:'''

* Somewhat slow traverse rate, skilled pilots can easily evade AI gunners.
* Despite having a mount shield visual, the armour isn't modeled so this mount gets easily knocked out.
* On cruisers you cannot select different ammo belts like you can on the coastal ships equipped with this weapon.

== History ==
This gun was a navalized version of the Soviet Army's 37 mm 61-K, which was derived from the 45 mm 49-K, which was itself derived from the Bofors 25 mm (1") Model 1933. The 25 mm Bofors guns were originally sold to the Soviet Navy in 1935. Trials were successful, so the Russians started work on a scaled-up version firing 45 mm ammunition. The 45 mm 49-K was a successful design, but the Army judged that 45 mm was too large a caliber for an automatic field weapon and so requested a reduction in caliber to 37 mm.

These Russian designs were generally similar to the Bofors weapons of the 1930s, all of which had common features such as recoil springs and clip-feeds. In 1940 there were comparative trials between the 37 mm 61-K gun and the 40 mm/56 Bofors and it was concluded that there were no significant differences between them.

The naval version of the gun was designed in 1938 and it was accepted into service in 1940. It then went into large scale production and in 1942-43 replaced the semi-automatic 45 mm/46 21-K guns on most Soviet warships. The 37 mm guns became the main automatic weapons of the Soviet Navy during World War II and between 1941 and 1945 some 1,641 70-K guns were supplied to the Soviet Navy. A further 489 Army 61-K guns were also transferred over to the Navy. The naval mount stayed in production until 1955 and a total of 3,113 were built.

In addition to the single 70-K mount there were also a twin 66-K mount and quad 46-K mounts designed before the war. The 66-K was on trials when the war started and and development was then abandoned. The 46-K mount was also on trials at the start of the war. This mounting was designed for the new generations of Soviet warships under construction in the early 1940s. The 46-K mount was fully enclosed, armored, had NBC protection and the guns were water cooled. The mount was successful, but due to the needs of the war, it was not accepted into production. The single 46-K that was produced was installed on board the battleship ''Oktyabr'skaya Revolutsiya'' in the spring of 1942 where it was used throughout the war.

In 1940 design of another twin mount designated V-11 was started and by 1944 a prototype entered proofing trials. These were successful and this mount was accepted for service in 1946. Production of the V-11 went on until 1957 and a total of 1,872 mounts were built.

These guns were not exceptional weapons, but they worked well enough and they were the main Soviet automatic weapons from 1942 until 1955. Both the Navy and the Army versions were used in almost all of the conflicts of the second half of the 20th century.

The barrel is monobloc with a blade type breech, which opened to the bottom. The 70-K mounts were air cooled, while V-11 was water cooled. Ammunition was supplied in 5-round clips.

The ammunition for this weapon was developed from that used for the USA's Colt-Browning 37 mm. The USA considered the Colt-Browning ammunition to be inferior to that available for the 40 mm Bofors.

Nomenclature note: This weapon is generally known as "37 mm Model 1939" in Western publications.

The People's Republic of China produces this weapon for both single and twin mounts.

== Media ==


[[File:Zheleznyakov firing.jpg|thumb|none|V-11 mounts join the Zheleznyakov's main guns in firing at an enemy vessel.]]

== See also ==


* [[70-K (37 mm)]] - Single barrel variant

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:37 mm automatic air defense gun M1939 (61-K)|37 mm automatic air defense gun M1939]]
* [http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNRussian_37mm-67_70-K.php <nowiki>[Navweaps]</nowiki> 37 mm/67 (1.5") 70-K]

{{USSR naval cannons}}

[[Category:Naval cannons]]

V-11 (37 mm)

2021-08-02T20:47:49Z

U45319534: I wrote the entire page, nothing was here earlier.

== Description ==
The 37 mm automatic air defense gun M1939 (61-K) (Russian: 37-мм автоматическая зенитная пушка образца 1939 года (61-К)) is a Soviet 37 mm calibre anti-aircraft gun developed during the late 1930s and used during World War II. The gun was also fitted to many Soviet ships during World War II and saw service throughout the conflict, its designation being 70K. and replacing many of the 45mm mounts that were fitted to Soviet vessels at the time.

The naval mounting was produced as the 70K, and had entered service before the German invasion of the Soviet Union replacing the semi-automatic 45 mm/46 21-K on many ships. One drawback was that the 70K required a barrel change after every 100 rounds fired. To improve on this, a twin-barrel water cooled mount, the '''V-11''' entered service in 1946, and was in production until 1957. A total of 1,872 V-11 mounts were built.

This mount features two 37mm guns, with a total of 2000 rounds available. A metal shield is fitted around the gun mount, but it is not modeled in game and provides no defense against incoming rounds.

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===


* {{Specs-Link|ussr_cruiser_chapayev}}
* {{Specs-Link|ussr_skr_pr50_jenot}}
* {{Specs-Link|ussr_skr_pr50plo_rosomacha}}
* {{Specs-Link|ussr_cruiser_sverdlov}}
* {{Specs-Link|ussr_cruiser_zheleznyakov}}

== General info ==
This gun fires quickly for its size, with a reload time of .43 seconds stock, .33 seconds spaded. The mount is fully traversing, limited only by objects in its way such as other guns or parts of the ship. Vertical guidance is -5°/+89° which gives it the ability to fire anywhere it pleases.

=== Available ammunition ===
On the Soviet cruisers equipped with this weapon the ammo belts are not visible and cannot be changed. However, it is likely a Universal belt with 50/50 HEF-T and AP-T rounds, the AP-T having a base penetration value of 79mm.

On the coastal ships Yenot and Rosomacha, you have a choice between Universal (50/50), HE (5 HEF-T/1 AP-T), or AP (1 HEF-T/5 AP-T).

Universal is very useful as it is able to damage both aircraft and lightly armored ships severely. With how fast the gun can fire, only half of the belt being HE is not an issue against aircraft, and the same holds true for the AP rounds against other vessels.

=== Comparison with analogues ===
Compared to the earlier 45mm/46 21-K, the V-11 fires 5 times faster while not sacrificing too much explosive mass.

The 40mm Bofors guns found on many American and British vessels have almost identical performance to the V-11.

The 37mm guns found on German ships have far lower fire rates, while the 37s found on Italian ships are either better (Breta mod.38/mod.39) or far worse (Breda mod.32

The Japanese have no direct counterpart, the closest being their trusty 25mm mounts which have a fire rate 5 times slower.

== Usage in battles ==
This gun is best used as it was designed, to crush enemy aircraft with its devastating fire rate and high-explosive shells as well as smother enemy lightly-armored vessels with its armor-piercing rounds. This mount does not have the best horizontal traverse rate, so it is advisable to take control of the turrets and rotate them towards the target you want them to engage before they come into range and you turn it over to the AI.

=== Pros and cons ===
'''Pros:'''

* High fire rate, can devastate enemy aircraft/light vessels easily.
* Near-perfect -5°/+89° vertical guidance, aircraft cannot avoid this weapon by attacking from directly overhead.
* Far better effective range compared to the 20mm cannons found on earlier ships.

*

'''Cons:'''

* Somewhat slow traverse rate, skilled pilots can easily evade AI gunners.
* Despite having a mount shield visual, the armor isn't modeled so this mount gets easily knocked out.
* On cruisers you cannot select different ammo belts like you can on the coastal ships equipped with this weapon.

*

== History ==
The '''37 mm automatic air defense gun M1939 (61-K)''' ('''Russian: 37-мм автоматическая зенитная пушка образца 1939 года (61-К)''') is a Soviet 37 mm calibre anti-aircraft gun developed during the late 1930s and used during World War II. The land-based version was replaced in Soviet service by the AZP S-60 during the 1950s. Guns of this type were successfully used throughout the Eastern Front against dive bombers and other low- and medium-altitude targets. It also had some usefulness against lightly armoured ground targets. Crews of the 37 mm AD guns shot down 14,657 Axis planes. The mean quantity of 37 mm ammunition to shoot down one enemy plane was 905 rounds.

The Soviet Navy purchased a number of Bofors 25 mm Model 1933 guns in 1935, trials of the weapon were successful and it was decided to develop a 45 mm version of the weapon designated the 49-K. The development under the guidance of leading Soviet designers M. N. Loginov, I. A. Lyamin and L. V. Lyuliev was successful, but the army thought that the 45 mm calibre was a little too large for an automatic field weapon. In January 1938 the Artillery Factory Number 8 in Sverdlovsk was ordered to develop a 37 mm weapon based on the same design. The task was fulfilled by the chief designer of the factory, Mikhail Loginov, and his assistant Lev Loktev. Firing trials of the new 61-K were conducted in October 1938.

Competitive firing trials were conducted in 1940 between the 61-K and the Bofors 40 mm/56. There were no substantial differences found between them.

=== Land version ===
The weapon was initially installed as a single-barrel weapon on a four-wheeled ZU-7 carriage, and was soon ready for service. An initial order for 900 units was placed. The gun was operated by a crew of eight men. A total of 200 rounds of ammunition were carried which were fed into the gun in five-round clips. Total Soviet production was around 20,000 units, ending in 1945. However, it has also been produced in Poland, China and North Korea.

Armour penetration of the armour-piercing (AP) rounds is reported as 37 millimetres of rolled homogeneous armour (RHA) at 60°at 500 metres range and 28 millimetres of RHA at 90° at 1,500 metres range.

=== Naval version ===
The naval mounting was produced as the [[70-K (37 mm)]], and had entered service before the German invasion of the Soviet Union replacing the semi-automatic [[45 mm/46 21-K (45 mm)]] on many ships. It was fitted in large numbers to Soviet ships during the Second World War, including the T301 class minesweeper. The V70K was produced until 1955, with a total of 3,113 built.

One drawback was that the 70K required a barrel change after every 100 rounds fired. To improve on this, a twin-barrel water cooled mount, the V-11 (called "W-11" in East Germany and Poland because of different Cyrillic transliteration), entered service in 1946, and was in production until 1957. A total of 1,872 V-11 mounts were built.

After this an 85-calibre 100 mm (3.9 in) anti-aircraft mounts long version, the 45 mm/85, was developed and accepted into service in 1954, it was deployed in twin and quad turrets on a number of classes of vessels, including the ''Neustrashimyy'', ''Kildin'' and ''Kotlin'' class destroyers. However it was later replaced with the ZIF-31 twin 57 mm mounting.

The 37 mm twin mounting was exported to China where it was manufactured and used extensively, as the "Type 65". A turret based version was produced from the late 1980s called the "Type 76" or H/PJA 76. This can be found on the [[Phòng không T-34]] as a land-based anti-aircraft mount.

== Media ==

[[File:558DE22B-8F95-4DDF-AFC7-FF5E391DFF59.jpg|thumb|V-11 mounts join the Zheleznyakov's main guns in firing at an enemy vessel.]]

== See also ==


* [[70-K (37 mm)]] - Single barrel variant

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/37_mm_automatic_air_defense_gun_M1939_(61-K)
* http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNRussian_37mm-67_70-K.php
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WcqmVE2udzM

{{USSR naval cannons}}

[[Category:Naval cannons]]

File:Zheleznyakov firing.jpg

2021-08-02T20:35:49Z

U45319534:

V-11 automatic mount media

Zheleznyakov

2021-07-25T02:44:18Z

U45319534: Added a bit more detailed info about the aa guns (location on the ship).

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_cruiser_zheleznyakov
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet light cruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "New Power"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}


While this cruiser's armour is not enough to protect you from semi-armour-piercing and armour-piercing shells, it is still enough to prevent major damage from being easily inflicted by every shell that comes your way. Destroyers and any HE shell will have trouble with anything belowdecks, as the main battery ammunition, engines, and transmissions are all protected by 100 mm of rolled homogenous armour. The front and rear belt armour are only 20 mm and 30 mm thick RHA; while this isn't very useful, there is also not much in those areas that can damaged besides the steering gear in the stern. The ammo elevators are protected by 130 mm RHA, while the turrets themselves have 175 mm thick fronts. The turret sides and rear are much thinner but this isn't a major problem as long as you keep your main batteries pointed towards whatever is shooting at you. Secondary batteries have 20 mm thick antifragmentation armour, which is only useful against smaller autocannons and strafing aircraft. Anti-aircraft batteries have no armour at all and are often knocked out. The bridge has a 130 mm thick belt surrounding it but can still be knocked out by rounds exploding above and below it.

While this ship is still a light cruiser, it can survive quite a bit of damage before succumbing due to its effective belt armour and main turrets that are tough to knock out. It isn't recommended to expose this ship to torpedoes though, as they often explode below the belt armour and unleash catastrophic damage. Aircraft bombs are still a threat to the crew compartments and weapons, as the turtleback armour is very thin and already below many of these modules. The crew of 1,184 can last you for a long time, but the compartments they are housed in are easily knocked out so it is best to not get into close-quarters combat or engage multiple targets at once.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}


The Zheleznyakov has a max speed of 61 km/h which is pretty good for a ship of its size. Turning ability is pretty standard for a cruiser, but it will still have issues avoiding close-in torpedoes or aircraft-dropped ordnance.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|152 mm/57 B-38 (152 mm)}}

The Zheleznyakov sports four triple-gun turrets, two fore and two aft, equipped with the 152 mm B-38 cannon. These guns have rather high firing arcs at long range, but work very well at short-medium range and have access to multiple effective shell types. All rounds have an initial muzzle velocity of 950 m/s.

* The OF-35 High-Explosive shell is an amazing choice against destroyers or lightly armoured cruisers with a devastating ''6 kg'' of TNT.
* The B-35 Armour-Piercing shell is your go-to against battleships with its 301 mm of base penetration and 10 m fuze delay, allowing it to devastate internal modules.
* The PB-35 Semi-Armour-Piercing shell is best used against cruisers or lightly armoured parts of battleships. A base penetration of 155 mm along with the 8 m fuze delay and high amount of TNT filler provides devastating damage to anything it penetrates.
* The ZS-35 anti-aircraft round is a useful tool to have, but is often too unwieldy to use against fast-moving aircraft. The shell only has a time fuze (not proximity) which limits its utility against aircraft.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|100 mm/70 SM-5-1 (100 mm)}}

The Zheleznyakov comes equipped with four SM-5-1 secondary mounts, each packing two 100 mm dual-purpose guns. These are excellent weapons for close and medium range with good ballistics and shell speed (all but the AA-VT shell have a muzzle velocity of 1000 m/s, while the AA-VT gets 995 m/s). However, there are only two turrets on each side of the vessel which limits their overall usefulness.

* The OF-55 HE is a standard high explosive shell. 24 mm of base penetration limits its utility against armoured targets, but it still packs a punch against coastal vessels and destroyers, as well as being your go-to choice if you want to start fires onboard your enemy's vessel.
* The ZS-55 AA is a standard time fuse shell. Useful against aircraft with its high explosive mass, but harder to guarantee hits with due to the lack of the AA-VT's proximity fuse.
* The F-55 HE-F is a high explosive shell that trades a small amount of explosive mass for 55 mm of base penetration, as well as a 4 m fuse delay. This shell can wreak havoc on the enemy's internal modules so it is an excellent idea to always have some of this onboard your ship.
* The ZS-55R AA-VT is your best option against aircraft. The decent explosive mass and 15 m proximity fuse can make short work of any aircraft unfortunate enough to fly near you.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|V-11 (37 mm)}}

The anti-aircraft armament of the Zheleznyakov is a mixed bag. The fourteen twin 37 mm V-11 automatic cannons are devastating against enemy aircraft, but compared to other autocannons have a less than stellar aiming speed, allowing manoeuvrable aircraft and/or skilled pilots to easily evade their deadly shells. Against enemy coastal vessels and unarmoured destroyers, these can be incredibly powerful due to the massive amount of ammunition they can send downrange and are useful for every scenario you can find yourself in. The long range of these guns allows you a longer time cushion to engage aircraft than smaller autocannons, such as the 25 mm mounts on Japanese vessels, would allow.

Eight of the fourteen turrets are mounted on the sides of the forward superstructure, four on each side. The remaining six are positioned just forward of the rear main battery turrets, two on each side and two raised up on the ship's centerline. This usually means that six to eight of the turrets can fire on enemy vessels to either side, with more turrets being usable against aircraft due to their higher relative elevation.

== Usage in battles ==

The Zheleznyakov is a ship that can fill many roles, but is most successful at duking it out with enemy destroyers and cruisers. While it isn't recommended, this ship can find some success in close-quarters combat due to the quick reload of the main guns and a large number of secondary and AA batteries. The ship is at its happiest when it can fire at enemy ships from medium range without return fire, or when supporting a larger cruiser or battleship with its fast-firing guns.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very effective main guns with decent fire rates.
* Powerful secondary and anti-aircraft armament.
* Decent speed and manoeuvrability for a cruiser.
* Surprisingly high survivability for a light cruiser.
* Premium vehicle bonuses.

'''Cons:'''

* Main batteries have high firing arcs, which can make long-range combat difficult.
* Secondary/AA batteries have slow traverse rates and are easily knocked out.
* Torpedoes easily cripple or even oneshot the vessel.
* Smaller main batteries than some of its common adversaries, such as the American and German heavy cruisers.

== History ==

One of the five Chapayev-class cruisers completed for the Soviet Navy, Seventeen were originally planned, eleven were ordered, and seven were laid down. Two were destroyed during World War 2 when their shipyard was overrun by German forces, while the other five were not completed until 1950.

The Zheleznyakov was laid down on October 31, 1939 and launched on June 25, 1941. She was mothballed soon after, finally entering service with the 4th Fleet on September 7, 1950. Afterwards she served in both the Black Sea Fleet and the Baltic Fleet before being withdrawn from the Navy on April 18, 1961 and reclassified as a training ship for air surveillance radar operators. She was disarmed and discarded from the Navy on October 21, 1971, stricken on March 15 of 1976, and then broken up in 1977.

The Zheleznyakov's namesake was Anatoli Zheleznyakov, a Russian sailor known for dispersing the short-lived Russian Constituent Assembly during the October Revolution and for his death at the hands of anti-Soviet White Army members while helping the armoured train under his command escape from an ambush.

== Media ==


;Images

[[File:Zheleznyakov Screenshot 1.jpg|thumb|Zheleznyakov unleashing a full broadside against an enemy vessel.]]

== See also ==


* The tech tree variant of this ship, the [[Chapayev]].
* Contemporary cruisers such as the [[USS Cleveland|Cleveland]], [[Nürnberg]], [[HMS Southampton]], [[IJN Suzuya]], and the [[RN Zara]].

== External links ==


* [https://www.naval-encyclopedia.com/coldwar/ussr/chapayev-class-cruisers/ <nowiki>[Naval Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Chapayev-class cruiser]
* [[wikipedia:Chapayev-class_cruiser|[Wikipedia] Chapayev-class cruiser]]

{{USSR light cruisers}}
{{USSR premium ships}}

Zheleznyakov

2021-07-24T02:42:09Z

U45319534: Some grammar and other minor adjustments I found on reviewing my original full write-up.

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_cruiser_zheleznyakov
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet light cruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "New Power"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

While this cruiser's armor is not enough to protect you from Semi Armor Piercing and Armor Piercing shells, it is still enough to prevent major damage from being easily inflicted by every shell that comes your way. Destroyers and any HE shell will have trouble with anything belowdecks, as your main battery ammunition, engines, and transmissions are all protected by 100mm of rolled homogenous armor. The front and rear belt armor are only 20mm and 30mm thick RHA; while this isn't very useful, there is also not much in those areas that can damaged besides the steering gear in the stern. The ammo elevators are protected by 130mm RHA, while the turrets themselves have 175mm thick fronts. The turret sides and rear are much thinner but this isn't a major problem as long as you keep your main batteries pointed towards whatever is shooting at you. Secondary batteries have 20mm thick antifragmentation armor, which is only useful against smaller autocannons and strafing aircraft. Anti-aircraft batteries have no armor at all and are often knocked out. The bridge has a 130mm thick belt surrounding it but can still be knocked out by rounds exploding above and below it.

While this ship is still a light cruiser, it can survive quite a bit of damage before succumbing due to its effective belt armor and main turrets that are tough to knock out. It isn't recommended to expose this ship to torpedoes though, as they often explode below the belt armor and unleash catastrophic damage. Aircraft bombs are still a threat to the crew compartments and weapons, as the turtleback armor is very thin and already below many of these modules. The crew of 1184 can last you for a long time, but the compartments they are housed in are easily knocked out so it is best to not get into close-quarters combat or engage multiple targets at once.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

The Zheleznyakov has a max speed of 61km/h which is pretty good for a ship of its size. Turning is pretty standard for a cruiser, but it will still have issues avoiding close-in torpedoes or aircraft-dropped ordnance.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}
{{main|152 mm/57 B-38 (152 mm)}}

The Zheleznyakov sports four triple-gun turrets, two fore and two aft, equipped with the 152mm B-38 cannon. These guns have rather high firing arcs at long range, but work very well at short-medium range and have access to multiple effective shell types. All rounds have an initial muzzle velocity of 950m/s.

- The OF-35 High-Explosive shell is an amazing choice against destroyers or lightly armored cruisers with a devastating ''6kg'' of TNT.

- The B-35 Armor-Piercing shell is your go-to against battleships with its 301mm of base penetration and 10m fuze delay, allowing it to devastate internal modules.

- The PB-35 Semi-Armor Piercing shell is best used against cruisers or lightly armored parts of battleships. A base penetration of 155mm along with the 8m fuze delay and high amount of TNT filler provides devastating damage to anything it penetrates.

- The ZS-35 Anti-Aircraft round is a useful tool to have, but is often too unwieldy to use against fast-moving aircraft. The shell only has a time fuze (not proximity) which limits its utility against aircraft.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
{{main|100 mm/56 SM-5-1 (100 mm)}}

The Zheleznyakov comes equipped with four SM-5-1 secondary mounts, each packing two 100mm dual-purpose guns. These are excellent weapons for close and medium range with good ballistics and shell speed (all but the AA-VT shell have a muzzle velocity of 1000m/s, while the AA-VT gets 995m/s). However, there are only two turrets on each side of the vessel which limits their overall usefulness.

- The OF-55 HE is a standard high explosive shell. 24mm of base penetration limits its utility against armored targets, but it still packs a punch against coastal vessels and destroyers, as well as being your go-to choice if you want to start fires onboard your enemy's vessel.

- The ZS-55 AA is a standard time fuse shell. Useful against aircraft with its high explosive mass, but harder to guarantee hits with due to the lack of the AA-VT's proximity fuse.

- The F-55 HE-F is a high explosive shell that trades a small amount of explosive mass for 55mm of base penetration, as well as a 4m fuse delay. This shell can wreak havoc on the enemy's internal modules so it is an excellent idea to always have some of this onboard your ship.

- The ZS-55R AA-VT is your best option against aircraft. The decent explosive mass and 15m proximity fuse can make short work of any aircraft unfortunate enough to fly near you.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}
{{main|V-11 (37 mm)}}

The anti-aircraft armament of the Zheleznyakov is a mixed bag. The 14 twin-37mm V-11 automatic cannons are devastating against enemy aircraft, but compared to other autocannons have a less than stellar aiming speed, allowing maneuverable aircraft and/or skilled pilots to easily evade their deadly shells. Against enemy coastal vessels and unarmored destroyers, these can be incredibly powerful due to the massive amount of ammunition they can send downrange and are useful for every scenario you can find yourself in. The long range of these guns allows you a longer time cushion to engage aircraft than smaller autocannons, such as the 25mm mounts on Japanese vessels, would allow.

== Usage in battles ==
The Zheleznyakov is a ship that can fill many roles, but is most successful at duking it out with enemy destroyers and cruisers. While it isn't recommended, this ship can find some success in close-quarters combat due to the quick reload of the main guns and a large number of secondary and AA batteries. The ship is at its happiest when it can fire at enemy ships from medium range without return fire, or when supporting a larger cruiser or battleship with its fast-firing guns.

=== Pros and cons ===
'''Pros:'''

- Very effective main guns with decent fire rates.

- Powerful secondary and anti-aircraft armament.

- Decent speed and maneuverability for a cruiser.

- Surprisingly high survivability for a light cruiser.

- Premium vehicle bonuses.

*

'''Cons:'''

- Main batteries have high firing arcs, which can make long-range combat difficult.

- Secondary/AA batteries have slow traverse rates and are easily knocked out.

- Torpedoes easily cripple or even oneshot the vessel.

- Smaller main batteries than some of its common adversaries, such as the American and German heavy cruisers.

*

== History ==
One of the five Chapayev-class cruisers completed for the Soviet Navy, Seventeen were originally planned, eleven were ordered, and seven were laid down. Two were destroyed during World War 2 when their shipyard was overrun by German forces, while the other five were not completed until 1950.

The Zheleznyakov was laid down on October 31, 1939 and launched on June 25, 1941. Soon after she was mothballed, finally entering service with the 4th Fleet on September 7, 1950. Afterwards she served in both the Black Sea Fleet and the Baltic Fleet before being withdrawn from the Navy on April 18, 1961 and reclassified as a training ship for air surveillance radar operators. She was disarmed and discarded from the Navy on October 21, 1971, stricken on March 15 of 1976, and then broken up in 1977.

The Zheleznyakov's namesake was Anatoli Zheleznyakov, a Russian sailer known for dispersing the short-lived Russian Constituent Assembly during the October Revolution and for his death at the hands of anti-Soviet White Army members while helping the armored train under his command escape from an ambush.

== Media ==
[[File:Zheleznyakov Screenshot 1.jpg|thumb|Zheleznyakov unleashing a full broadside against an enemy vessel.]]
https://youtu.be/UarpwPQhjRE - A video from fear_Naught gaming showcasing some battle footage of the Zheleznyakov.
== See also ==

* The tech tree variant of this ship, the [[Chapayev]].
* Contemporary cruisers such as the [[USS Cleveland|Cleveland]], [[Nürnberg]], [[HMS Southampton]], [[IJN Suzuya]], and the [[RN Zara]].

== External links ==

* https://www.naval-encyclopedia.com/coldwar/ussr/chapayev-class-cruisers/
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapayev-class_cruiser

{{USSR light cruisers}}
{{USSR premium ships}}

Zheleznyakov

2021-07-24T02:36:12Z

U45319534: I added the entire page for the vessel.

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_cruiser_zheleznyakov
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet light cruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "New Power"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

While this cruiser's armor is not enough to protect you from Semi Armor Piercing and Armor Piercing shells, it is still enough to prevent major damage from being easily inflicted by every shell that comes your way. Destroyers and any HE shell will have trouble with anything belowdecks, as your main battery ammunition, engines, and transmissions are all protected by 100mm of rolled homogenous armor. The front and rear belt armor are only 20mm and 30mm thick RHA; while this isn't very useful, there is also not much in those areas that can damaged besides the steering gear in the stern. The ammo elevators are protected by 130mm RHA, while the turrets themselves have 175mm thick fronts. The turret sides and rear are much thinner but this isn't a major problem as long as you keep your main batteries pointed towards whatever is shooting at you. Secondary batteries have 20mm thick antifragmentation armor, which is only useful against smaller autocannons and strafing aircraft. Anti-aircraft batteries have no armor at all and are often knocked out. The bridge has a 130mm thick belt surrounding it but can still be knocked out by rounds exploding above and below it.

While this ship is still a light cruiser, it can survive quite a bit of damage before succumbing due to its effective belt armor and main turrets that are tough to knock out. It isn't recommended to expose this ship to torpedoes though, as they often explode below the belt armor and unleash catastrophic damage. Aircraft bombs are still a threat to the crew compartments and weapons, as the turtleback armor is very thin and already below many of these modules. The crew of 1184 can last you for a long time, but the compartments they are housed in are easily knocked out so it is best to not get into close-quarters combat or engage multiple targets at once.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

The Zheleznyakov has a max speed of 61km/h which is pretty good for a ship of it's size. Turning is pretty standard for a cruiser, but it will still have issues avoiding close-in torpedoes or aircraft-dropped ordnance.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}
{{main|152 mm/57 B-38 (152 mm)}}

The Zheleznyakov sports four triple-gun turrets, two fore and two aft, equipped with the 152mm B-38 cannon. These guns have rather high firing arcs at long range, but work very well at short-medium range and have access to multiple effective shell types. All rounds have an initial muzzle velocity of 950m/s.

- The OF-35 High-Explosive shell is an amazing choice against destroyers or lightly armored cruisers with a devastating ''6kg'' of TNT.

- The B-35 Armor-Piercing shell is your go-to against battleships with its 301mm of base penetration and 10m fuze delay, allowing it to devastate internal modules.

- The PB-35 Semi-Armor Piercing shell is best used against cruisers or lightly armored parts of battleships. A base penetration of 155mm along with the 8m fuze delay and high amount of TNT filler provides devastating damage to anything it penetrates.

- The ZS-35 Anti-Aircraft round is a useful tool to have, but is often too unwieldy to use against fast-moving aircraft. The shell only has a time fuze (not proximity) which limits its utility against aircraft.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
{{main|100 mm/56 SM-5-1 (100 mm)}}

The Zheleznyakov comes equipped with four SM-5-1 secondary mounts, each packing two 100mm dual-purpose guns. These are excellent weapons for close and medium range with good ballistics and shell speed (all but the AA-VT shell have a muzzle velocity of 1000m/s, while the AA-VT gets 995m/s). However, there are only two turrets on each side of the vessel which limits their overall usefulness.

- The OF-55 HE is a standard high explosive shell. 24mm of base penetration limits its utility against armored targets, but it still packs a punch against coastal vessels and destroyers, as well as being your go-to choice if you want to start fires onboard your enemy's vessel.

- The ZS-55 AA is a standard time fuse shell. Useful against aircraft with its high explosive mass, but harder to guarantee hits with due to the lack of the AA-VT's proximity fuse.

- The F-55 HE-F is a high explosive shell that trades a small amount of explosive mass for 55mm of base penetration, as well as a 4m fuse delay. This shell can wreak havoc on the enemy's internal modules so it is an excellent idea to always have some of this onboard your ship.

- The ZS-55R AA-VT is your best option against aircraft. The decent explosive mass and 15m proximity fuse can make short work of any aircraft stupid enough to fly near you.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}
{{main|V-11 (37 mm)}}

The anti-aircraft armament of the Zheleznyakov is a mixed bag. The 14 twin-37mm V-11 automatic cannons are devastating against enemy aircraft, but compared to other autocannons have a less than stellar aiming speed, allowing maneuverable aircraft and/or skilled pilots to easily evade their deadly shells. Against enemy coastal vessels and unarmored destroyers, these can be incredibly powerful due to the massive amount of ammunition they can send downrange and are useful for every scenario you can find yourself in. The long range of these guns allows you a longer time cushion to engage aircraft than smaller autocannons, such as on Japanese vessels, would allow.

== Usage in battles ==
The Zheleznyakov is a ship that can fill many roles, but is most successful at duking it out with enemy destroyers and cruisers. While it isn't recommended, this ship can find some success in close-quarters combat due to the quick reload of the main guns and a large number of secondary and AA batteries. The ship is at its happiest when it can fire at enemy ships from medium range without return fire, or when supporting a larger cruiser or battleship with its fast-firing guns.

=== Pros and cons ===
'''Pros:'''

- Very effective main guns with decent fire rates.

- Powerful secondary and anti-aircraft armament.

- Decent speed and maneuverability for a cruiser.

- Surprisingly high survivability for a light cruiser.

- Premium vehicle bonuses.

*

'''Cons:'''

- Main batteries have high firing arcs, which can make long-range combat difficult.

- Secondary/AA batteries have slow traverse rates and are easily knocked out.

- Torpedoes easily cripple or even oneshot the vessel.

- Smaller main batteries than some of its common adversaries, such as the American and German heavy cruisers.

*

== History ==
One of the five Chapayev-class cruisers completed for the Soviet Navy, Seventeen were originally planned, eleven were ordered, and seven were laid down. Two were destroyed during World War 2 when their shipyard was overrun by German forces, while the other five were not completed until 1950.

The Zheleznyakov was laid down on October 31, 1939 and launched on June 25, 1941. Soon after she was mothballed, finally entering service with the 4th Fleet on September 7, 1950. Afterwards she served in both the Black Sea Fleet and the Baltic Fleet before being withdrawn from the Navy on April 18, 1961 and reclassified as a training ship for air surveillance radar operators. She was disarmed and discarded from the Navy on October 21, 1971, stricken on March 15 of 1976, and then broken up in 1977.

The Zheleznyakov's namesake was Anatoli Zheleznyakov, a Russian sailer known for dispersing the short-lived Russian Constituent Assembly during the October Revolution and for his death at the hands of anti-Soviet White Army members while helping the armored train under his command escape from an ambush.

== Media ==
[[File:Zheleznyakov Screenshot 1.jpg|thumb|Zheleznyakov unleashing a full broadside against an enemy vessel.]]
https://youtu.be/UarpwPQhjRE - A video from fear_Naught gaming showcasing some battle footage of the Zheleznyakov.
== See also ==

* The tech tree variant of this ship, the [[Chapayev]].
* Contemporary cruisers such as the [[USS Cleveland|Cleveland]], [[Nürnberg]], [[HMS Southampton]], [[IJN Suzuya]], and the [[RN Zara]].

== External links ==

* https://www.naval-encyclopedia.com/coldwar/ussr/chapayev-class-cruisers/
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapayev-class_cruiser

{{USSR light cruisers}}
{{USSR premium ships}}

File:Zheleznyakov Screenshot 1.jpg

2021-07-24T02:14:45Z

U45319534:

Zheleznyakov unleashing a full broadside against an enemy vessel.