War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

Update 2.41

2024-11-26T05:55:01Z

U44629479: Created redirect

#REDIRECT [[Update "Firebirds"]]

User:U44629479

2024-11-26T05:54:08Z

U44629479: /* Updates by year */ Updated

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There are currently {{NUMBEROFARTICLES}} articles and {{NUMBEROFPAGES}} pages on the wiki.
= For beginners =
== Help articles ==
{{Navigation Help}}
== Signature ==
Add <code><nowiki>--~~~~</nowiki></code> to sign your messages in Discussion pages.
== Missing values in [[WSP Table Templates]] ==
* Fill in the whole table (or the whole section) when adding values, do not add 1 or 2 figures and leave the rest of the table empty.
* Use the underscore/underdash: ___ for missing values in tables.
* Do not use question marks or blanks because they can't be indexed in the search engine.

= Mobility checklist =
{{Sp-begin|Points you can mention when writing on the mobility of a ground vehicle}}
<div align="left">
* Are the vehicle's top forward speeds (AB/RB) and reverse speeds adapted to its combat role?
* Does the tank accelerate quickly? Brake quickly?
* What is the handling of the tank at low speed? At high speed? When braking? On flat terrain? On uneven ground?
* How well does the tank turn? When moving? When idling? Does it have neutral steering?
* How big is the turn radius? How much place does it need to do a 180°?
* Does it lose speed quickly when climbing uphill? When fording? When driving through obstacles? (trees, barriers, fences, walls, barricades, lampposts, etc.)
* Mention if it has amphibious capability.
* How does the tank compare to similar vehicles? (of the same class: Light, Medium, Heavy, TD or at the same BR)
* Does high level of "driving" skill (max+max leadership/+expert/+ace) increase agility of the tank significantly? Does this vary between game modes? (AB/RB)
</div>
{{Sp-end}}

= Survivability and armour - Ground vehicles =
== Several angles ==
If the armour is angled differently in a particular section, the angle bracket is mentioned. Example: if there is a section at 17° and some other section at 35°, the angle mentioned will be (17-35°). For close angle values, the most severe angle is chosen: (12-13°) then becomes (13°).

== Roof ==
When inserting the thickness of horizontal plates (roof, hull bottom, engine deck), the reference for the angle is the horizontal plane. A 5 mm thick plate with an angle from the vertical plane of 85° becomes a 5 mm thick plate with a 5° angle to the horizontal plane (since 90 - 85 = 5). Shaping the angle info this way is better suited for aircraft players performing diving strafing attacks. A front glacis of 50 mm angled at 50° becomes a 50 mm thick plate angled at 40°.

== Missing angle ==
A missing angle means 0°. There is no need to add (0°) after each value where an angle is missing. The same applies to roof values where the angle to the horizontal plane is 0°.

= Overview of all torpedo-carrying vehicles =
For the naval players, an overview of all vehicles (planes and ships) equipped with torpedoes would be a plus.

== Aircraft ==
Planes carrying torpedoes are listed in [[:Category:Torpedo bombers]]. Some planes can carry torpedoes but are not classified as torpedo bombers:
;USA
* {{Specs-Link|b_26b_c}}
;USSR
* {{Specs-Link|db_3b}}
;Italy
* {{Specs-Link|g_55s}}
* {{Specs-Link|p_108b_serie1}}
* {{Specs-Link|p_108b_serie2}}
;France
* {{Specs-Link|b_26c_france}}

== Ships ==
There is no overview of all boats and ships equipped with torpedoes. A template exists ([[Template:Torpedoes|Torpedoes]]) but does not offer the desired overview.

= Templates for past events =
See [[:Category:Event vehicles]]

{{Navigation-Start|Victory day events}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/8226-event-victory-day-in-war-thunder-en|2023]]'''}}{{Specs-Link|ussr_bm_31_12}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/7676-event-legend-of-victory-is-2-321-en|2022]]'''}}{{Specs-Link|ussr_is_2_1944_321}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/7153-special-happy-victory-day-en|2021]]'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/6703-event-winner-vehicles-for-the-victory-anniversary-en|2020]]'''}}{{Specs-Link|swordfish_mk2}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|us_lvt_a_4}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|ussr_g5_rct}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/6170-special-victory-day-en|2019]]'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/5494-victory-day-with-war-thunder-en|2018]]'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/4687-vday-bm-13n-say-hello-from-katyusha-updated-en|2017]]'''}}{{Specs-Link|ussr_bm_13n}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/3712-special-victory-day-specials-in-war-thunder-en|2016]]'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''2015'''}}[[wt:en/news/3076--en|U.S. tanker heroes]]: {{Specs-Link|us_m5a1_stuart_canadian_5st_arm}}{{-}}[[wt:en/news/3084--en|The Most Important Strike]]: {{Specs-Link|ussr_su_76m_5st_kav_corps}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/574--en|2014]]'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/137--en|2013]]'''}}
{{Navigation-End}}

{{Navigation-Start|Tankers day events}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/8456-special-the-kv-2-zis-6-and-a-decoration-for-tanker-s-day-en|2023]]'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:ru/news/15896-akciya-s-dnyom-tankista-ru|2022]]'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/7333-special-happy-tankers-day-en|2021]]'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/6862-special-happy-tankers-day-en|2020]]'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/6368-special-tankers-day-celebrate-with-us-en|2019]]'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/5757-event-tanker-day-of-russia-en|2018]]'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/4954-event-happy-tanker-s-day-en|2017]]'''}}{{Specs-Link|ussr_m3c}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|ussr_su_76m_5st_kav_corps}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/4232-special-tanker-s-day-specials-en|2016]]'''}}{{Specs-Link|ussr_m3c}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/3309--en|2015]]'''}}{{Specs-Link|ussr_su_76m_5st_kav_corps}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''2014'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/253/current/|2013]]'''}}
{{Navigation-End}}
Halloween event: see [[Po-2_Night_Witch#External_links|Po-2 Night Witch]]

{{Navigation-Start|Anniversary events}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/8559-special-war-thunders-11th-birthday-lets-celebrate-together-en|2023]]'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/7945-special-happy-anniversary-war-thunder-en|2022]]'''}}{{Specs-Link|tb_3_m17_32}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|i_29}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|ussr_ya_5m}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|uk_a_13_mk2_1939}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|d_371_hs9}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|us_m8_greyhound}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|he51b_2w}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|lagg-3-23}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|db_7}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|xf5f}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/7408-news-happy-birthday-war-thunder-en|2021]]'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/6907-special-8th-anniversary-of-war-thunder-en|2020]]'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/6442-special-war-thunder-reaches-its-7th-year-en|2019]]'''}}{{Specs-Link|d_371_hs9}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|uk_a_13_mk2_1939}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|ussr_ya_5m}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/5852-special-news-war-thunder-s-birthday-discounts-and-gifts-en|2018]]'''}}{{Specs-Link|ussr_ya_5m}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/5066-special-war-thunder-5-years-en|2017]]'''}}{{Specs-Link|i_29}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|us_m8_greyhound}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/4304-war-thunder-four-years-and-still-going-strong-en|2016]]'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/3397--en|2015]]'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/2598--en|2014]]'''}}{{Specs-Link|xf5f}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|he51b_2w}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|lagg-3-23}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|tb_3_m17_32}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|db_7}}
{{Navigation-First-Line|{{Specs-Link|germ_pzkpfw_Maus}}}} (open to research and purchase, not a giveaway): 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023
{{Navigation-End}}

{{Navigation-Start|Christmas gift events}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/8667-event-celebrate-christmas-and-the-new-year-in-war-thunder-en|2023]]'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/8035-special-new-year-with-war-thunder-en|2022]]'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/7497-christmas-in-war-thunder-en|2021]]'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/7008-special-new-year-in-war-thunder-en|2020]]'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/6536-new-year-in-war-thunder-en|2019]]'''}}{{Specs-Link|gladiator_j8a_iacobi}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/5967-news-festivities-in-war-thunder-en|2018]]'''}}{{Specs-Link|it_m13_40_serie_2}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/5225-special-french-vehicles-as-christmas-presents-en|2017]]'''}}{{Specs-Link|d_510}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|fr_hotchkiss_h39_cambronne}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/4418-special-collect-a-premium-type-95-ha-go-commander-for-christmas-en|2016]]'''}}{{Specs-Link|jp_type_95_ha_go_commander}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/3477/current|2015]]'''}}{{Specs-Link|uk_a_13_mk1_3rd_rtr}}
{{Navigation-Line|'''[[wt:en/news/2749/current|2014]]'''}}{{Specs-Link|us_m2a4_1st_armor_div}}
{{Navigation-End}}

= Updates =
== Updates by year ==

{{Navigation-Start|Updates by year}}

{{Navigation-First-Line|2012}}[[Update 1.17|1.17]]{{-}}[[Update 1.25|1.25]]

{{Navigation-Line|2013}}[[Update 1.27|1.27]]{{-}}[[Update 1.29|1.29]]{{-}}[[Update 1.31|1.31]]{{-}}[[Update 1.33|1.33]]{{-}}[[Update 1.35|1.35]]{{-}}[[Update 1.37|1.37]]

{{Navigation-Line|2014}}[[Update 1.39|1.39]]{{-}}[[Update 1.41|1.41]]{{-}}[[Update 1.43|1.43]]{{-}}[[Update 1.45 "Steel Generals"|1.45 "Steel Generals"]]

{{Navigation-Line|2015}}[[Update 1.47 "Big Guns"|1.47 "Big Guns"]]{{-}}[[Update 1.49 "Weapons of Victory"|1.49 "Weapons of Victory"]]{{-}}[[Update 1.51 "Cold Steel"|1.51 "Cold Steel"]]{{-}}[[Update 1.53 "Firestorm"|1.53 "Firestorm"]]{{-}}[[Update 1.55 "Royal Armour"|1.55 "Royal Armour"]]

{{Navigation-Line|2016}}[[Update 1.57 "Battle March"|1.57 "Battle March"]]{{-}}[[Update 1.59 "Flaming Arrows"|1.59 "Flaming Arrows"]]{{-}}[[Update 1.61 "Road to Glory"|1.61 "Road to Glory"]]{{-}}[[Update 1.63 "Desert Hunters"|1.63 "Desert Hunters"]]{{-}}[[Update 1.65 "Way of the Samurai"|1.65 "Way of the Samurai"]]

{{Navigation-Line|2017}}[[Update 1.67 "Assault"|1.67 "Assault"]]{{-}}[[Update 1.69 "Regia Aeronautica"|1.69 "Regia Aeronautica"]]{{-}}[[Update 1.71 "New E.R.A."|1.71 "New E.R.A."]]{{-}}[[Update 1.73 "Vive la France"|1.73 "Vive la France"]]{{-}}[[Update 1.75 "La Résistance"|1.75 "La Résistance"]]

{{Navigation-Line|2018}}[[Update 1.77 "Advancing Storm"|1.77 "Advancing Storm"]]{{-}}[[Update 1.79 "Project X"|1.79 "Project X"]]{{-}}[[Update 1.81 "The Valkyries"|1.81 "The Valkyries"]]{{-}}[[Update 1.83 "Masters of the Sea"|1.83 "Masters of the Sea"]]{{-}}[[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"|1.85 "Supersonic"]]

{{Navigation-Line|2019}}[[Update 1.87 "Locked On"|1.87 "Locked On"]]{{-}}[[Update 1.89 "Imperial Navy"|1.89 "Imperial Navy"]]{{-}}[[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"|1.91 "Night Vision"]]{{-}}[[Update 1.93 "Shark Attack"|1.93 "Shark Attack"]]{{-}}[[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"|1.95 "Northern Wind"]]

{{Navigation-Line|2020}}[[Update 1.97 "Viking Fury"|1.97 "Viking Fury"]]{{-}}[[Update "Starfighters"|1.99 "Starfighters"]]{{-}}[[Update "Raining Fire"|1.101 "Raining Fire"]]{{-}}[[Update "New Power"|2.1 "New Power"]]{{-}}[[Update "Hot Tracks"|2.3 "Hot Tracks"]]

{{Navigation-Line|2021}}[[Update "Ixwa Strike"|2.5 "Ixwa Strike"]]{{-}}[[Update "Red Skies"|2.7 "Red Skies"]]{{-}}[[Update "Direct Hit"|2.9 "Direct Hit"]]{{-}}[[Update "Ground Breaking"|2.11 "Ground Breaking"]]{{-}}[[Update "Winged Lions"|2.13 "Winged Lions"]]

{{Navigation-Line|2022}}[[Update "Wind of Change"|2.15 "Wind of Change"]]{{-}}[[Update "Danger Zone"|2.17 "Danger Zone"]]{{-}}[[Update "Drone Age"|2.19 "Drone Age"]]{{-}}[[Update "Fire and Ice"|2.21 "Fire and Ice"]]{{-}}[[Update "Apex Predators"|2.23 "Apex Predators"]]

{{Navigation-Line|2023}}[[Update "Sky Guardians"|2.25 "Sky Guardians"]]{{-}}[[Update "La Royale"|2.27 "La Royale"]]{{-}}[[Update "Sons of Attila"|2.29 "Sons of Attila"]]{{-}}[[Update "Kings of Battle"|2.31 "Kings of Battle"]]{{-}}[[Update "Air Superiority"|2.33 "Air Superiority"]]

{{Navigation-Line|2024}}[[Update "Alpha Strike"|2.35 "Alpha Strike"]]{{-}}[[Update "Seek & Destroy"|2.37 "Seek & Destroy"]]{{-}}[[Update "Dance of Dragons"|2.39 "Dance of Dragons"]]{{-}}[[Update "Firebirds"|2.41 "Firebirds"]]{{-}}...

{{Navigation-End}}

== Update decals ==
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="100">
File:Dance of dragons decal.png
File:Seek & destroy decal.png
File:Alpha strike decal.png
File:Air superiority decal.png
File:Kings of battle decal.png
File:Sons of attila decal.png
File:La royale decal.png
File:Sky guardians decal.png
File:Apex predators decal.png
File:Fire and ice decal.png
File:Drone age decal.png
File:Danger zone decal.png
File:Wind of change decal.png
File:Winged lions decal.png
File:Ground breaking decal.png
File:Direct hit decal.png
File:Red skies decal.png
File:Ixwa strike decal.png
File:Hot tracks decal.png
File:New power decal.png
File:Raining fire decal.png
File:Starfighters decal.png
File:1 97 decal.png
File:1 95 decal.png
File:Shark attack decal.png
File:Night vision decal.png
File:Imperial navy decal.png
File:Locked on decal.png
File:Supersonic decal.png
File:Masters of the sea decal.png
File:Valkyries decal.png
File:Project x decal.png
File:Advancing storm decal.png
</gallery>

= Test area =
{{Navigation-Start|Thunder League vehicles}}
{{Navigation-Line|Ground vehicles}}{{Specs-Link|us_m24_chaffee_tl}}
{{Navigation-Line|Aviation}}{{Specs-Link|p-51a_tl}}
{{Navigation-End}}

== Test pages ==
* [[:Category:First rank ships-test]]
* [[:Category:First rank bluewater ships]]
* [[:Category:First rank coastal ships]]
* [[User:U44629479/Japanese vehicles by type|Japanese vehicles by type]]

AAM-3

2024-11-25T22:00:23Z

U44629479: Undo revision 195692 by U142672495 (talk)

== Description ==


[[File:AAM-3_under_F-15J_wing.jpg|x200px|right|thumb|none|Two AAM-3 missiles under the right wing of an F-15J]]
The AAM-3 missile represents a significant milestone in Japan's post-World War II military advancements, particularly in the realm of air defense. Developed primarily for the Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF), the AAM-3's journey from conception to operational deployment mirrors Japan's strategic shift towards indigenous defense technologies, underpinned by a constitutional commitment to self-defense.

Initiated in the 1980s, the development of the AAM-3 was driven by Japan's need to modernize and enhance its air defense capabilities. This period in Japan's defense history was marked by an increasing move towards developing homegrown military technology, moving away from reliance on foreign equipment. The AAM-3, in this context, was envisioned to surpass the performance of existing air-to-air missiles like the American AIM-9 Sidewinder. The design and testing phase was comprehensive, focusing on ensuring that the missile would be compatible with Japan's mainstay fighter aircraft, such as the F-15J and the Mitsubishi F-2.

The missile's operational deployment began in the early 1990s, positioning it as a pivotal component in Japan's air defense strategy. The AAM-3, however, has a limited combat record, primarily due to Japan's post-war policy of non-aggression. While not tested extensively in actual combat, the missile's presence in Japan's arsenal serves as a significant deterrent and plays a vital role in training and defense exercises.

In terms of features, the AAM-3 is distinguished by its design and capabilities. As a short-range, infrared homing missile, it is characterized by its lightweight build and high manoeuvrability, key attributes for air-to-air engagements. The missile employs an infrared seeker for guidance, adept at locking onto the heat signatures of enemy aircraft, thereby enhancing its accuracy and reliability in intercepting fast-moving targets. Additionally, the AAM-3's design ensures compatibility with various Japanese fighter aircraft, allowing for seamless integration into their weapon systems.

Overall, the AAM-3 missile stands as a symbol of Japan's advanced military technology and its strategic focus on robust air defense. While its direct combat usage remains limited due to Japan's defensive posture, the missile's role in reinforcing the nation's air defense capabilities is undisputed.

In game this translates to one of the best missiles which is very reliable, and almost impossible to dodge in some scenarios. It can simply be described as an [[AIM-9M Sidewinder|AIM-9M]] with better manoeuvrability, which can only be found on the [[F-15J]].

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===


* {{Specs-Link|f_15j}}
* {{Specs-Link|f_15j_kai}}

== General info ==
The AAM-3 is an IR/UV missile specialized for short range and high-G engagements.

=== Effective damage ===


The AAM-3 has a 4.9 kg TNT equivalent warhead with a 6 m proximity fuze sensitivity radius. Compared to the 5 m proximity radius of the AIM-9 family of missiles, this makes it less likely to miss the target. However its explosive mass is within the lower end of comparable short range IR missiles.

=== Comparison with analogues ===


This missile can be directly compared to the [[AIM-9M Sidewinder|AIM-9M]]. They have an identical suspended animation IRCCM, along with comparable booster power and duration, giving this missile similar kinetic performance to the [[AIM-9M Sidewinder|AIM-9M]].

The AAM-3 however has better manoeuvrability, owning to its fins being able to turn additional degrees compared to the [[AIM-9M Sidewinder|AIM-9M]]'s, and a higher seeker track rate. It also has higher gimbal limit, making it possible to lead the target more before launch, and lessening the chances of losing the target in side aspect shots. The AAM-3 has slightly smaller wings, making it slightly worse when gliding over long distances, however this might only be noticeable when the missile has been in flight for above 8-10 seconds, when the missile is at its kinetic range limit.

Other comparable missiles of this generation are the [[R-73]] and [[Matra R550 Magic 2|Magic 2]]. Both of these also have IRCCM, but of a different type however. They use what is called FOV Gating IRCCM. Once such a missile is fired, the FOV of the seeker is reduced, making it harder to "see" flares that are further than a few meters from the target.

{| class="wikitable"
! Missile Characteristics !! AAM-3 !! AIM-9M !! R-73 !! Magic 2
|-
| '''Mass''' || 91 kg || 84 kg || 105 kg || 89 kg
|-
| '''Guidance'''
| IR || IR || IR || IR
|-
| '''Aspect''' || All-Aspect || All-Aspect || All-aspect || All-Aspect
|-
| '''Seeker Head''' || Uncaged (radar slavable) || Uncaged (radar slavable) || Uncaged (radar slavable) || Uncaged (radar slavable)
|-
| '''Lock range (rear-aspect)''' || 11 km || 11 km || 11 km || 11 km
|-
| '''Lock range (all-aspect)''' || 3 km || 3 km || 3.4 km || 3.4 km
|-
| '''IRCCM''' || Yes || Yes || Yes || Yes
|-
| '''IRCCM Type''' || Suspended Animation || Suspended Animation || FOV Gating || FOV Gating
|-
| '''Thrust Vectoring''' || No || No || Yes || No
|-
| '''Launch range''' || 18 km || 18 km || 30 km || 10 km
|-
| '''Maximum speed''' || 2.5 M|| 2.5 M || 2.5 M || 3 M
|-
| '''Maximum overload''' || 40 G || 30 G || 40 G || 35 G
|-
| '''Missile guidance time''' || 45 s || 60 s || 20 s || 25 s
|-
| '''Explosive Mass''' || 4.86 kg TNTe || 4.58 kg TNTe || 6.08 kg TNTe || 9.6kg TNTe
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The AAM-3 currently is one of the most effective IR missiles in the game. When fired at with this missile, it is hard to avoid getting hit without knowing the proper evasion strategies. Alongside the AIM-9M, this missile is most effective against enemies with a low amount of countermeasures, and will struggle against enemies with high flare counts.

;When firing at enemies

* This missile best works on unsuspecting enemies in side and rear aspect, almost guaranteeing a hit.
* If the enemy is aware of your presence, avoid to fire this missile from front aspect and from directly behind an enemy. It has almost no chance of hitting an enemy who flares in head on, and only has slightly higher chances of hitting from rear aspect. A good player will be able to avoid this missile from both front and rear aspect reliably, but they will have a harder time dodging the AAM-3 if shot from side aspect.
* The AAM-3 does not lock the sun, so fighting towards the sun is less handicapping than with older missiles.

;When fired at you

The AAM-3 is equipped with Suspended Animation IRCCM. These types of seekers pause their tracking when a flare enters their FOV. It does not mean that the missile completely stops operating however; it is still going to direct itself toward the expected intercept location as per when the tracking was put on hold.
This means that either uniquely manoeuvering or flaring is not going to be enough to survive. Only manoeuvering will probably not be enough to escape the missile as it is pretty agile. On the other hand, if you are only flaring, the missile is going to continue towards the expected intercept location, occasionally updating its prevision in between flares, and eventually killing you anyway.
Therefore, to evade an AAM-3, the strategy goes as follows:
* When this missile is fired at you, you should instantly start flaring, and keep flaring at high interval (< 1s) until the missile has been evaded.
* After your first flare is out, change your course relative to the missile path; i.e.:
** If the missile is fired from front or rear aspect, any sufficiently pronounced course change should be enough.
** If the missile is fired from side aspect, either pitch up or down, and avoid turning into or away from the missile.

The AAM-3 has a smokeless motor. For this reason it is very hard to detect its launch unless it is highlighted by AB and RB missile diamond markers. It is also very potent in Simulation Battles for this same reason.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* Long burning motor time allows the AAM-3 to reach longer ranges than most other short range IR missiles
* Suspended Animation IRCCM: Makes the AAM-3 hard to dodge in side aspect shots and against enemies who do not know how the IRCCM works
* Highly manoeuvrable non-thrust vectoring missile with a 40G overload
* Smokeless motor - Practically invisible without the help of AB and RB diamond missile indicators
* Seeker can be radar-slaved, allowing for high aspect shots without having to point the nose of the aircraft towards the target

'''Cons:'''

* Can be hard to use against enemies who know the proper evasion strategy, unless taken by surprise, and/or enemies who have high flare counts
* As it is an IR missile, it might sometimes re-acquire another source of heat after loosing track of its initial target (including friendly players). Therefore caution is advised when using it in close proximity with friendly aircrafts
* The nature of the Suspended Animation IRCCM makes it so that cutting afterburner isn't strictly necessary for the target aircraft as long as it is deploying flares, making the AAM-3 a poor tool for draining the energy of your opponent

== History ==


The development and operational history of Japan's AAM-3 missile is a fascinating chapter in the broader narrative of Japan's post-World War II military technology evolution. This air-to-air missile, while not as extensively documented as its Western counterparts, reflects Japan's strategic shift towards self-reliance in defense technology, particularly under the constraints of its post-war defense policy.

=== Development and Creation ===
The genesis of the AAM-3 missile in the 1980s was set against a backdrop of Japan's increasing focus on indigenous defense capabilities. This period marked a deliberate pivot from dependence on foreign military technology to fostering a homegrown defense industry. The motivation for developing the AAM-3 was twofold: firstly, to replace or augment older air-to-air missiles like the American AIM-9 Sidewinder, and secondly, to respond to the changing security dynamics in the Asia-Pacific region.

The design and testing phase of the AAM-3 was a testament to Japan's meticulous approach to military technology. Engineers aimed to create a missile that boasted superior manoeuvrability, speed, and tracking capabilities compared to its predecessors. The rigorous testing process ensured that the missile would seamlessly integrate with Japan's frontline fighter jets, such as the F-15J and the Mitsubishi F-2. This phase underscored Japan's emphasis on developing a missile that was adept in interception roles, aligning with the nation's strategic air defense needs.

=== Combat Usage ===
Upon its deployment in the 1990s, the AAM-3 was primarily positioned for air defense roles within the Japan Air Self-Defense Force. The missile was seen as a critical element in bolstering Japan's capabilities in intercepting hostile aircraft and missiles, fitting seamlessly into the country's overarching defense strategy.

However, the combat record of the AAM-3 remains largely uncharted, primarily due to Japan's defensive military stance post-World War II. Japan's engagement in international conflicts has been minimal, and its military policy has heavily leaned towards deterrence rather than aggression. As a result, the AAM-3, like much of Japan's military hardware, has been utilized more as a deterrent tool in defense exercises rather than in active combat situations.

=== Technological Features ===
In terms of manoeuvrability and range, the AAM-3 is tailored for short-range engagements. Its agility and responsiveness are critical in close-quarters combat, often encountered in dogfight situations. Furthermore, the missile's compatibility with various aircraft in the JASDF, like the F-15J and the Mitsubishi F-2, highlights its integration into Japan's broader air defense system.

In conclusion, the AAM-3 missile encapsulates Japan's focus on defensive capabilities and technological self-reliance in the realm of military hardware. While its combat use has been limited, the missile's presence in Japan's arsenal serves as a significant component of the nation's air defense strategy, with its technological attributes tailored to enhance Japan's air-to-air interception capabilities.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

<gallery>
AAM-3 being fired.jpg|AAM-3 missile just as it has been fired from an F-15J
AAM-3 being fired 2.jpg|AAM-3 missile a few moments after being fired from an F-15J. The AAM-3 has a "smokeless" rocket motor, making its smoke trail very light and thin
</gallery>

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* [[Air-to-air_missiles]]
* [[Air-to-air_missiles#List_of_infrared_homing_air-to-air_missiles|List of infrared-homing air-to-air missiles]]

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* [https://forum.warthunder.com/t/aam-3/37786 AAM-3 topic on the official War Thunder forum]

{{Missiles}}

[[Category:Suspended armaments]]

J-10A

2024-11-25T18:50:50Z

U44629479: Undo revision 195674 by U147518585 (talk)

{{Specs-Card
|code=j_10a
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Chinese jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Dance of Dragons"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 12,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,058 || 2,006 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 20.9 || 21.3 || 227.1 || 215.5 || rowspan="2" | 850
|-
! Upgraded
| 2,238 ||2,146
| 18.7 || 19.7 || 316.3 || 270.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| _ || _ || _ || _ || _ || _ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || 620{{Specs|destruction|gear}} || ___ || ___ || ___ || ~__ || ~__
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < ___ || < ___ || < ___ || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Saturn AL-31FN || 1
| colspan="2" | _,___ kg || colspan="2" | ___ kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! _m fuel || __m fuel || __m fuel
|-
| 1,520 kg || colspan="2" | ___
| _,___ kg || _,___ kg || _,___ kg || _,___ kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (___%/WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || ___%/WEP
! _m fuel || __m fuel || __m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 7,330 kgf || 12,020 kgf
| _.__ || _.__ || _.__ || _.__
|-
| ''Optimal'' || ____ kgf (_ km/h) || ____ kgf (_ km/h)
| _.__ || _.__ || _.__ || _.__
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs) !! EEGS
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Type 23-3 (23 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 23 mm Type 23-3 cannon, belly-mounted (200 rpg)
* 72 x large calibre countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

''Describe the aircraft's suspended armament: additional cannons under the wings, bombs, rockets and torpedoes. This section is especially important for bombers and attackers. If there is no suspended weaponry remove this subsection.''

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* 2 x 1,600 l drop tanks + 1 x 800 l drop tank
* 2 x PL-5EII missiles + 2 x PL-12 missiles
* 6 x PL-5EII missiles
* 6 x PL-8 missiles
* 6 x PL-12 missiles
* 28 x Type 90-1 rockets
* 16 x Type 130-2 rockets
* 12 x 250 kg 250-3 bombs (3,000 kg total)
* 5 x 500 kg 500-3 bombs (2,500 kg total)
* 12 x 250 kg 250-4 bombs (3,000 kg total)
* 5 x 500 kg 500-4 bombs (2,500 kg total)
* 2 x 260 kg GB250 bombs (520 kg total)
* 2 x 570 kg GB500 bombs (1,140 kg total)
* 2 x 290 kg LS-6 250 bombs (580 kg total)
* 2 x 630 kg LS-6 500 bombs (1,260 kg total)
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/9059-development-j-10a-the-firebird-en|[Devblog] J-10A: The Firebird]]

{{AirManufacturer Chengdu}}
{{China jet aircraft}}

JA37DI F21

2024-11-25T18:48:40Z

U44629479: Undo revision 195675 by U89926100 (talk)

{{Specs-Card
|code=saab_ja37di_f21
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Firebirds"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at _,___ m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| ___ || ___ || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | ___
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| _ || _ || _ || _ || _ || _ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || ___ || ___ || ___ || ~__ || ~__
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < ___ || < ___ || < ___ || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" |Svenska Flygmotor RM8B||1
| colspan="2" | _,___ kg || colspan="2" | ___ kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! _m fuel || __m fuel || __m fuel
|-
| ___ kg || colspan="2" | ___
| _,___ kg || _,___ kg || _,___ kg || _,___ kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (___%/WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || ___%/WEP
! _m fuel || __m fuel || __m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || ___ kgf || ___ kgf
| _.__ || _.__ || _.__ || _.__
|-
| ''Optimal'' || ___ kgf (_ km/h) || ___ kgf (_ km/h)
| _.__ || _.__ || _.__ || _.__
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs) !! EEGS
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Cross}} || {{Cross}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Akan m/75 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** 1 x 30 mm Akan m/75 cannon (150 rpg) + 48 x large calibre countermeasures
** 1 x 30 mm Akan m/75 cannon + 48 x large calibre countermeasures + 320 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

''Describe the aircraft's suspended armament: additional cannons under the wings, bombs, rockets and torpedoes. This section is especially important for bombers and attackers. If there is no suspended weaponry remove this subsection.''

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* 2 x RB 74 missiles + 4 x RB 99 missiles + 1 x 1,250 l drop tank
* 6 x RB 74 missiles
* 4 x RB 99 missiles
* 24 x psrak m/70 rockets + 2 x RB 74 missiles
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/9188-shop-pre-order-premium-jets-av-8s-su-22m4-and-ja37di-en|[Shop] Pre-order Premium Jets: AV-8S, Su-22M4 and JA37DI]]

{{AirManufacturer Saab}}
{{Sweden jet aircraft}}
{{Sweden premium aircraft}}

Seafire LF Mk.III

2024-11-25T18:48:26Z

U44629479: Undo revision 195684 by U144764620 (talk)

{{About
| about = British fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = the French Seafire
| link-1 = Seafire LF Mk.III (France)
| usage-2 = other versions
| link-2 = Spitfire (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=seafire_mk3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was a British WWII carrier-based fighter based on the [[Spitfire Mk Vc]]. It was the first version of the navalized Spitfire that featured manually folding wings, allowing for easier storage and accommodating of more fighters in the hangar bay and on the deck of an aircraft carrier. A more powerful engine was also installed, namely the Merlin 55 for the F MK III or Merlin 55M for L Mk III. A slim Aero-Vee air filter and six stack ejector type exhausts were fitted to the plane as well. The Mk III was the most produced variant of a Seafire with 1,220 built: 870 by Westland and 350 by Cunliffe Owen. In 1947, 12 Seafire Mk IIIs were stripped of naval equipment such as arresting hooks and handed over to the Irish Air Corps.

The Seafire was introduced in [[Update "Winged Lions"]]. The Seafire shares main flight characteristics with its brother, the Spitfire Mk Vc, which it was developed from. It is armed with a pair of Hispano Mk.II 20 mm cannons with 120 rpg and four 7.7 mm Browning machine guns with 350 rpg all mounted in the wings. The climb rate and speed of the Mk III is subpar when compared to its contemporary enemies such as the Bf 109 G-6 or Fw-190 A-5. One of the few advantages sporting against these planes is the superb manoeuvrability of the Seafire coupled with great energy retention during manoeuvres. Effectively it could also be called a "jack of all trades, but master of none".

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,963 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 561 || 541 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 17.2 || 17.8 || 14.6 || 14.6 || rowspan="2" | 340
|-
! Upgraded
| 627 || 592 || 15.7 || 16.2 || 26.9 || 19.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || 230 || ~10 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 321 || < 400 || < 350 || > 500
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The Seafire LF Mk.III has little protection: your enemies' guns will nearly always hit something vital. The pilot is protected in the rear by a 7 mm steel plate covering the seat, but this is not enough to stop 12.7 mm and 20 mm AP rounds, the kind you will most commonly be facing. The pilot is protected from head-ons by a sloped 38 mm pane of bulletproof glass, and a small amount of armour and fuel tanks in the nose.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Hispano Mk.II (20 mm)|Browning (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm Hispano Mk.II cannons, wing-mounted (120 rpg = 240 total)
* 4 x 7.7 mm Browning machine guns, wing-mounted (350 rpg = 1,400 total)

== Usage in battles ==

The Seafire LF Mk.III should be played as a turnfighter with a good climb rate. Use the plane's good climb rate to get to around 4,000 m and attack low-flying or otherwise disadvantaged opponents. Attacking bombers is not recommended, as you have little ammunition and your offensive armament is not powerful enough to take out bombers before their defensive armament takes you out. Conserve your energy so you can stay manoeuvrable: it is recommended to build up speed in a straight line after reaching altitude.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* The engine doesn't overheat any faster than the engines of the other Spitfires

'''Cons:'''

* Poor mid and high altitude performance
* Slower than nearly all opponents
* Weak armament
* Outperformed by most other fighters at its tier

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=seafire_mk3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development
* [[Spitfire (Family)]]

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Supermarine}}
{{Britain fighters}}

F-100D (France)

2024-11-25T05:43:40Z

U44629479: Edits

{{About
| about = jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = F-100 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=f-100d_france
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The French Air Force was the first non-US air force to receive the F-100 Super Sabre, starting in 1958. A total of 85 F-100Ds and 15 F-100Fs (total of 100 aircraft) were delivered to France and assigned to the NATO 4th Allied Tactical Air Force. More famously, the French F-100s were used on combat missions flying from bases in France against targets in Algeria. When France withdrew from NATO's military command structure in 1967, deployed F-100s were transferred to bases in France vacated by the USAF. The last unit using the F100 was the 4/11 Jura Squadron, based in Djibouti, which kept the F-100 until 1978.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was introduced in [[Update 1.93 "Shark Attack"]]. At first glance it appears to be a direct copy of the F-100D found in the US tech tree, but looks can indeed be deceiving. The French F-100Ds were tuned more towards ground attack, lacking a majority of the air-to-air avionics found on the American one, and also downgraded for export, meaning it lacks the AIM-9Es as well as some of the more advanced air-to-ground ordnance (such as the AGM-12 Bullpup) found on the American F-100D. The French F-100D, thanks to its ground attack oriented role, does have one unique perk to it however: the large calibre Zuni rockets, since the American F-100D was not cleared to carry them. The aircraft is best played as a BnZ aircraft when in the air-to-air role, but acts best as CAS in mixed ground battles.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The F-100 during its initial development was outfitted with the then de-rated Pratt & Whitney XJ57-P-7 engine and was still able to achieve faster than the speed of sound. By the time the F-100D rolled off of the production line they were outfitted with the more powerful Pratt & Whitney J57P-21. It is this engine which turns the fighter into a hot rod. The F-100D is much like a ground-based dragster in that it has acceleration, it has a high top speed and is a horrible turner.

The F-100D is aerodynamically fit with its sleek body and swept-back wings which coupled with its J57P-21 is a fantastic climber which continues to accelerate even without WEP engaged. This fighter will continue to accelerate in a flat run to the point of going over Mach 1 and even more quickly hits top speeds when in a dive. Climbing, diving and rolling are excellent capabilities of this fighter, however, this comes with having speed on your side as when flying slower, it has a more challenging time to manoeuvre without being a relatively easy target for others. The F-100D is not the greatest of turners even with leading-edge wing slats to help, manoeuvres like the Immelmann and Split-S are the most optimal when changing directions without attempting energy-bleeding manoeuvres like turning (unless that is what you are intending to do to cause an overshoot of someone following you).

Flying at speeds close to Mach 1 or past can pose a challenge for pilots utilising the 3rd-person view as a condensation cloud forms around the aircraft and obscures your view (not an issue for those flying simulator-style from in the cockpit). While this can make targeting enemy aircraft a challenge, it just takes a little more work to line up the shot either with the cannons or air-to-air missiles.

Typically aircraft which pound ground targets fly slow to ensure they hit their targets with guns, rockets or bombs, however, the F-100D becomes difficult to get out of harms way when flying slow, so it requires the pilot to learn how to bomb and fire rockets at targets at higher speeds than what they may be used to with earlier aircraft. Terms like drop & run or fire & forget come into play as the F-100D descends towards a ground target at a good clip, dropping its bombs or firing its rockets and then boogieing out of the area to ensure the ground anti-aircraft fire nor any trailing fighters gain a targeting solution on you. Some pilots like to watch and make sure their ordnance hits the target, however, this can cost you your jet when someone takes advantage of your inattentiveness and gets the drop on you. Speed in and speed out is the key with the F-100D.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 10,668 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,419 || 1,412 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 40.5 || 41.2 || 88.1 || 78.8 || rowspan="2" | 1,400
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,448 || 1,433 || 39.5 || 40.0 || 123.6 || 105.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 620 || 590 || 435 || ~11 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 640 || < 540 || < 610 || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Pratt & Whitney J57P21 || 1
| colspan="2" | 9,658 kg || colspan="3" | 354 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 14m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 46m fuel
|-
| 2,361 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
| 10,708 kg || 11,156 kg || 11,905 kg || 13,159 kg || 15,802 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 14m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 46m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 4,424 kgf || 5,823 kgf
| 0.54 || 0.52 || 0.49 || 0.44 || 0.37
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 4,424 kgf (0 km/h) || 8,364 kgf (1,200 km/h)
| 0.78 || 0.75 || 0.70 || 0.64 || 0.53
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


For post-war fighter jets wanted to take advantage of the newer jet technology and maximize both speed and ordnance carried. To keep up speed and maximize ordnance, something had to give and that came with pilot survivability. The idea is to be faster than the enemy which would make it really difficult for them to get a targeting solution on you. Though the F-100D does have protection for the pilot, it isn't much and leaves the rest of the critical components virtually unprotected with armour. For the pilot, the back of the seat and headrest maintains a continuous piece of steel at 12.7 mm thick and the windscreen is rated at 64 mm bulletproof windscreen. Typically this type of protection is meant more for protection from defensive turret attacks from bombers rather than gun attacks from other aircraft.

The F-100D is a relatively sturdy aircraft and can take a beating before critical components begin to fail. While the engine and the pilot are important to protect as much as possible (without the engine you don't go and without the pilot…you don't go…) the wings are another critical component which you must protect as hits to the wings can make flying very difficult or send you to the respawn point. If being tailed by another aircraft try to speed away because if you try to pull up, turn to the side or pull-down, you risk expositing increased surface area of the skin, giving the enemy pilot more to shoot at and a greater opportunity of taking out a wing. If possible, increase speed and sway back and forth, even some very shallow elevator dips up and down maybe enough to throw off the sighting of the enemy pilot and spray his bullets all around you without exposing very much surface area of the jet, however, if there is a missile launch, take evasive action to avoid the missile and worry about the guns later.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Cross}} || {{Cross}} || {{Cross}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M39A1 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 20 mm M39A1 cannons, chin-mounted (200 rpg = 800 total)

Early fighter aircraft utilized the wings of aircraft to mount machine guns and cannons, which was very effective especially aircraft like the P-47 which could outfit four guns in each wing for a total of eight. The downside is that for these guns to be effective, they had to have a convergence set to a specific distance, bullet hits before that distance and after became less effective, the pilots needed to make sure to hit the sweet spot. For the F-100D, convergence is non-existent as all four of its M39A1 20 mm cannons are mounted on the underside of the fuselage, effectively able to decimate targets at extremely close range or snipe targets which maybe even 700 - 800 m, if not farther away, effectively almost any range (below 1,000 m) is a sweet-spot for this fighter.

The cannons are air-cooled and rarely overheat, typically with the 200 round limit for each gun, the pilot should want to make each shot count and not just hold down the firing trigger and spray away. Another bonus to having all four cannons being the same type and calibre is that the bullets will have the same drop rate, so after getting used to how they work, it is much easier to estimate where to target moving vehicles to ensure a connection with the bullets. With the four cannons grouping so tightly, only a few rounds are needed to blow off an enemy aircraft's wing, eliminate a critical component (engine, compressor, fuel tank, pilot etc.) and even take out ground units to include up to light armoured vehicles.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="7%" | 1 !! width="7%" | 2 !! width="7%" | 3 !! width="7%" | 4 !! width="7%" | 5 !! width="7%" | 6
| rowspan="7" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_F-100D.png]]</div>
|-
! [[M117 cone 45 (750 lb)|750 lb M117 cone 45]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83]] bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[BLU-27/B incendiary]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[FFAR Mighty Mouse]] rockets
| 19 || 19 || || || 19 || 19
|-
! [[Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP]] rockets
| || 4 || || || 4 ||
|-
! [[AIM-9B Sidewinder]] missiles
| || || 1, 2 || 1, 2 || ||
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* Without load
* 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 76 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 8 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets
* 6 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (4,500 lb total)
* 4 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 6 x BLU-27/B incendiary bombs
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==


The F-100 truly shines when in an up-tier situation. Unlike the F4 Phantom II or the MiG-21, the F-100 is equipped with leading-edge slats. This gives it a much higher angle of attack at low speeds, allowing the F-100 to out-turn both the F4 and the MiG-21. However, at lower battle ratings, the F-100D is best at [[Boom & Zoom]] tactics. When fighting at a lower battle rating, the F-100 has some bad flying characteristics at low speeds which includes flying like a rock with wings. At high speeds, the F-100 is a breeze to fly because of its all-flying tail and boosted controls. It has a massive angle of attack, so once you get on someone's tail, there's pretty much no escape. Best way to use the F-100D is to start climbing. 5,000 meters is usually a good altitude to climb to. Since you can out-climb most subsonic aircraft in the game, Boom & Zoom tactics should be used. Climb high, make a pass, then climb away. Be extremely careful to not bleed energy and don't turn when subsonic planes are around, they will be able to outmanoeuvre the F-100D.

Against the F-100's biggest foe, the MiG-19, turning isn't a bad idea if you keep your energy up. You bleed a lot of speed in a turn, so extreme pulls aren't recommended. The MiG-19 will rip easily at high speeds, something the F-100 doesn't have a problem with. However, the MiG-19 accelerates faster than the F-100D at all speeds and altitudes so it can slip away easily. In the best-case scenario, bait the MiG-19 for a teammate, as the MiG-19 can't do much against two F-100s.

Overall to get this bus to perform, it must be at high speeds. Keep your energy up.

=== Radars ===

The F-100D is equipped with an AN/APG-30 rangefinding radar, located in the nose of the aircraft.
It will automatically detect other planes within the scanning area and display the range to the closest target. It is linked with a gyro gunsight and can help with aiming at close range.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | AN/APG-30 - Rangefinding radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
|-
| 2,750 m || 300 m || ±9° || ±9°
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent guns that have both high muzzle velocity, rate of fire, plenty of ammo (200 rpg), and pack a good punch with high-explosive shells
* Can carry FFAR Mighty Mouse unguided rockets
* Its air to air missiles(AIM-9B) have a longer reach than the missiles on the MiG-19PT
* Fast and out-accelerates both MiG-15 and MiG-17's
* Can also work as a bomber taking 4 x 1,000 lb bombs/napalm

'''Cons:'''

* Thoroughly unmanoeuvrable at slow speeds, and does absolutely not lend itself to traditional turning dogfights
* Suffers from severe lockup past the Mach 1 mark
* Bleeds a lot of energy when trying to turn around at high speed
* While fast, it still accelerates a lot slower than MiG-19PT
* Lacks many of the suspended armaments that the American F-100D has

== History ==

[[File:F100-France.jpg|thumb|F-100D 54-2122 (the second receipt by the French Air Force) with the colors of the 3/11 "Corsica" at Toul-Rosières Air Base in June 1970.]]
The F-100 Super Sabre (or 45-Sabre) saw its first foreign service with the French Air Force. A total of 100 Super Sabres were ordered by the French, comprising 85 F-100Ds and 15 F-100Fs. The first of these aircraft arrived in May of 1958. At that time, France was a full member of NATO - as a result, most French Super Sabres were initially assigned to the 4th Allied Tactical Air Force, based in Germany. Following France's withdrawal from NATO, French Super Sabres were relocated to French air bases as Escadres (squadrons) No. 3 and No. 11.

The French-operated F-100s were the first F-100s to see service, as they were used for Close Air Support (CAS) during the war in Algeria. French F-100s eventually served until 1978, when they were replaced in the CAS role by the brand-new SEPECAT Jaguar. Thus, the Super Sabres were returned to the United States for storage and scrapping.

One model of the D type is conserved at the Musée de l'Air et de l'Espace museum, in the Paris Le Bourget airport.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=f-100d_france Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/436416-f-100d-super-sabre/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

=== References ===

* Baugher, J. (1999, November 27). F 100 Sabre with Foreign Air Forces. Retrieved January 04, 2021, from <nowiki>http://www.joebaugher.com/usaf_fighters/f100_9.html</nowiki>

{{AirManufacturer NAA}}
{{France jet aircraft}}

"UPAB-1500B (1,500 kg)"

2024-11-25T05:36:51Z

U44629479:

[[Category:Delete]]

Battle Pass: Season XVII, "Guided Fury"

2024-11-24T18:15:41Z

U44629479: Edits

{{DEFAULTSORT:Battle Pass: Season 17}}
{{Notice
|This article is about the seventeenth [[Battle Pass]] season.

Season is available from 23rd October 2024.
}}

== Awards ==
<gallery>
File:BP_XVII_trophy_en2.jpg|1 random ground vehicle ([[T55E1]], [[Toldi IIA]], [[Sd.Kfz.251/22]] or [[Ka-Chi]]) from previous Battle Pass seasons or events
File:BP XVII ussr cruiser omaha class murmansk.jpg|[[Murmansk]]
File:BP XVII he 177a 3.jpg|[[He 177 A-3]]
</gallery>

<gallery>
File:BP_XVII_us_570th_bmb_sqn_decal.png|Emblem of the 570th bombardment squadron
File:BP_XVII_fr_1st_sqn_39_decal.png|Emblem of the 1st squadron GB I/39
File:BP_XVII_fr_4th_sqn_23_decal.png|Emblem of the 4th squadron GB II/23
File:BP_XVII_ger_kg6_decal.png|Emblem of bombardment squadron KG 6
</gallery>

<gallery>
File:BP_XVII_lad_512.png|Tank decoration «LAD»
File:BP_XVII_luftfaust_b_512.png|Tank decoration «Luftfaust-B»
File:BP_XVII_enzian_512.png|Ship decoration «Enzian»
File:BP_XVII_cardicon_luftwaffe_pilot_512.png|Profile icon «Bomber pilot»
</gallery>

Legend:

* Level - a cell with a prize. Opens for 10 progress points.
* Free - the award doesn't require Battle Pass to be received.

{| class="wikitable zebra" width="100%"
|-
! width="50px" | Level
! Prize
! width="50px" | Availability
|-
| 1 || 400 {{wb}} Warbond shop level I || Free
|-
| 2 || {{rp}} Booster ||
|-
| 3 || Decal "Emblem of bombardment squadron KG 6" || Free
|-
| 4 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} ||
|-
| 5 || Order || Free
|-
| 6 || {{Sl}} Booster ||
|-
| 7 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} || Free
|-
| 8 || Universal back-ups ||
|-
| 9 || Murmansk test-drive || Free
|-
| 10 || {{rp}} Booster pack ||
|-
| 11 || 500 {{wb}} Warbond shop level II || Free
|-
| 12 || Order ||
|-
| 13 || {{rp}} Booster || Free
|-
| 14 || Premium account (10 days) ||
|-
| 15 || Universal back-ups || Free
|-
| 16 || {{sl}} Booster pack ||
|-
| 17 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} || Free
|-
| 18 || Wager ||
|-
| 19 || {{Sl}} Booster || Free
|-
| 20 || Universal back-ups ||
|-
| 21 || Access to the first season challenge || Free
|-
| 22 || Decal "Emblem of the 4th squadron GB II/23" ||
|-
| 23 || 850 {{wb}} Warbond shop level III || Free
|-
| 24 || {{rp}} Booster pack ||
|-
| 25 || Order || Free
|-
| 26 || {{Sl}} Booster pack ||
|-
| 27 || Wager ||
|-
| 28 || Decal "Emblem of the 570th bombardment squadron" || Free
|-
| 29 || {{rp}} Booster ||
|-
| 30 || Battle Pass bonus pack ({{rp}} Boosters, Back-ups, Silver Lions {{Sl}}) ||
|-
| 31 || Universal back-ups || Free
|-
| 32 || Battle Pass bonus pack ({{Sl}} Boosters, Back-ups, Silver Lions {{Sl}}) ||
|-
| 33 || Tank decoration "LAD" ||
|-
| 34 || {{Sl}} Booster || Free
|-
| 35 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} ||
|-
| 36 || {{rp}} Booster ||
|-
| 37 || 850 {{wb}} Warbond shop level IV || Free
|-
| 38 || Trophy with random ground vehicle ([[T55E1]], [[Toldi IIA]], [[Sd.Kfz.251/22]] or [[Ka-Chi]]) ||
|-
| 39 || {{Sl}} Booster ||
|-
| 40 || Access to the second season challenge || Free
|-
| 41 || {{Sl}} Booster set ||
|-
| 42 || {{rp}} boosters set ||
|-
| 43 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} || Free
|-
| 44 || Battle Pass bonus pack ({{rp}} Boosters, Back-ups, Silver Lions {{Sl}}) ||
|-
| 45 || Decal "Emblem of the 1st squadron GB I/39" ||
|-
| 46 || Wager || Free
|-
| 47 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} ||
|-
| 48 || 200 {{wb}} || Free
|-
| 49 || Battle Pass bonus pack ({{Sl}} Boosters, Back-ups, Silver Lions {{Sl}}) ||
|-
| 50 || Order ||
|-
| 51 || Vehicle coupon, non-tradable (Murmansk) || Free
|-
| 52 || {{rp}} Booster ||
|-
| 53 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} ||
|-
| 54 || Camouflage activated on the account (Murmansk: "Bicolor") || Free
|-
| 55 || {{Sl}} Booster ||
|-
| 56 || Back-ups (Bluewater ships, USSR) ||
|-
| 57 || 850 {{wb}} Warbond shop level V || Free
|-
| 58 || Tank decoration "Luftfaust-B" ||
|-
| 59 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} ||
|-
| 60 || Access to the third season challenge || Free
|-
| 61 || {{rp}} Booster ||
|-
| 62 || Battle Pass bonus pack ({{rp}} Boosters, Back-ups, Silver Lions {{Sl}}) ||
|-
| 63 || {{Sl}} Booster ||
|-
| 64 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} || Free
|-
| 65 || Profile icon "Bomber pilot" ||
|-
| 66 || Battle Pass bonus pack ({{Sl}} Boosters, Back-ups, Silver Lions {{Sl}}) ||
|-
| 67 || Order ||
|-
| 68 || 200 {{wb}} || Free
|-
| 69 || Universal back-ups ||
|-
| 70 || {{rp}} Booster ||
|-
| 71 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} ||
|-
| 72 || Ship decoration "Enzian" || Free
|-
| 73 || {{Sl}} Booster ||
|-
| 74 || Universal back-ups ||
|-
| 75 || Coupon for vehicle, non-tradable (He 177 A-3) ||
|-
| 76-78 || 80 {{wb}} || 76 Free
|-
| 79 || Camouflage (He 177 A-3: "Helga") ||
|-
| 80 || 850 {{wb}} Warbond shop level VI || Free
|-
| 81-99 || 80 {{wb}} || 85, 90, 95 Free
|-
| 100 || Loading screen "He 177 A-3" || Free
|-
| 101-104 || 100 {{wb}} ||
|-
| 105 || Murmansk coupon upgrade (can be used to convert a Murmansk coupon to a tradable one; a set of two upgrade can be used to purchase the next season’s Battle Pass) ||
|-
| 106-124 || 100 {{wb}} || 110, 120 Free
|-
| 125 || He 177 A-3 coupon upgrade (can be used to convert a He 177 A-3 to a tradable one; a set of two upgrade can be used to purchase the next season’s Battle Pass) ||
|-
| 126-149 || 100 {{wb}} || 130, 140 Free
|-
| 150 || Title "Master Harpooner" || Free
|-
| 151 upwards || 80 {{wb}} || Free
|}

== Season challenges ==
{| class="wikitable zebra" width="100%"
!Name
!Description
!Requirements
!Time to complete (DD.MM)
|-
|Strike, strike again
|Destroy or help allied players destroy the specified number of player vehicles
|250 vehicles
|23.10 - 13.11
|-
|German Quality
|Play a specified number battles on Germany vehicles
|25 battles
|30.10 - 20.11
|-
|Wrath from Heaven
|Destroy a specified number of ground or surface vehicles in air battles
|100 vehicles
|06.11 - 27.11
|-
|Flame of Fury
|Set enemy vehicles on fire a certain number of times
|80 times
|13.11 - 04.12
|-
|A Small Gift
|Destroy a specified number of player vehicles using an aerial bomb with a weight less than 120 kg
|5 vehicles
|20.11 - 11.12
|-
|Big and dangerous
|Destroy 3 player vehicles without losing your own while driving a bomber a specified number of times
|5 times
|27.11 - 18.12
|-
|The Steel Giant
|Deal a specified amount of damage using a bluewater ships
|20000 damage
|04.12 - 25.12
|-
|Hounds of Fury
|Receive a specified number of mission points where vehicles of the current season of the Battle Pass were used
|20000 points
|11.12 - 01.01
|-
|Titanomachy
|Destroy a specified number of player vehicles of another type of military branches
|15 vehicles "Aircraft" and "Tank/Ship"
|08.12 - 08.01
|-
|Controlled Rage
|Destroy a specified number of player vehicles using AGM
|10 vehicles
|18.12 - 15.01
|-
|Important Target
|Receive a specified number of the streaks
|15 awards “Intelligence”
|25.01 - 22.01
|-
|Fueled by Fury
|Win the specified number of battles whilst destroying at least three enemy vehicles in each battle
|30 battles
|From the moment of receipt to the end of the season
|-
|Unlimited Patience
|Play the specified number of battles whilst being ranked 1st in a team
|15 battles
|From the moment of receipt to the end of the season
|-
|Warrior of the Three Elements
|Play a specified number of battles while destroying at least one other ground/surface and aerial vehicle and capturing one point in each of the following modes: air battles, ground battles, naval battles
|3 battles each mode
|From the moment of receipt to the end of the season
|-
|Medal of Honor
|Complete all the Season's Challenges
|14 challenges
|
|}

[[Category:Battle Pass seasons]]

File:BP XVII trophy en2.jpg

2024-11-24T18:14:50Z

U44629479: Trophy introduced in Battle Pass: Season XVII, "Guided Fury" Category: Icons

Trophy introduced in [[Battle Pass: Season XVII, "Guided Fury"]]
[[Category: Icons]]

File:BP XVII he 177a 3.jpg

2024-11-24T18:13:29Z

U44629479: Category:Wallpapers

[[Category:Wallpapers]]

File:BP XVII ussr cruiser omaha class murmansk.jpg

2024-11-24T18:12:55Z

U44629479: Category:Wallpapers

[[Category:Wallpapers]]

Category:Event vehicles

2024-11-24T18:06:38Z

U44629479: Added BP Season 17

{{Notice|Event vehicles can be used to progress in marathon events regardless of vehicle requirements}}

{{Navigation-Start|Battle Pass vehicles}}

{{Navigation-First-Line|[[wt:en/news/9142-event-battlepass-meet-guided-fury-the-17th-season-of-the-battle-pass-en|Season 17]]}}{{Specs-Link|ussr_cruiser_omaha_class_murmansk}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|he-177a-3}}
{{Navigation-Line|[[wt:en/news/8996-event-battlepass-meet-skilled-marksman-the-16th-season-of-the-battle-pass-en|Season 16]]}}{{Specs-Link|pbm_5a}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|il_sholef}}
{{Navigation-Line|[[wt:en/news/8859-event-meet-northern-king-the-15th-season-of-the-battle-pass-en|Season 15]]}}{{Specs-Link|us_flagstaff_pgh1}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|p-51c-11-nt_china}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|sw_kungstiger}}
{{Navigation-Line|[[wt:en/news/8703-battle-pass-meet-airborne-general-the-14th-season-of-the-battle-pass-en|Season 14]]}}{{Specs-Link|fr_destroyer_le_fantasque_class_le_triomphant}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|il_8_1944}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|us_m551_76}}
{{Navigation-Line|[[wt:en/news/8536-battle-pass-meet-tropical-storm-the-13th-season-of-the-battle-pass-en|Season 13]]}}{{Specs-Link|uk_gay_class_archer}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|it_breda_52_autocannone}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|strikemaster_mk88}}
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{{Navigation-Start|New event cycle (2024) events}}
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{{Navigation-Start|Spring crafting events}}
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{{Navigation-Start|Summer events}}
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{{Navigation-Start|Fall crafting events}}
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{{Navigation-Start|Winter events}}
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{{Navigation-Start|World War Seasons}}
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{{Navigation-Start|Legend of Victory events}}
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[[Category:Events]]

He 177 A-5

2024-11-24T18:02:30Z

U44629479: Added About template

{{About
| about = German bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the premium version
| link = He 177 A-3
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=he-177a-5
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The He 177 has its origins well before World War 2 even began with the German Air Ministry's Bomber A specifications. Heinkel took up the task of building a long-range bomber that could hit a top speed of 571 km/h (355 mph) and a range of over 1,000 miles (1,609 kilometres). In addition, it also needed to be able to carry up to 4,400 lb (1,995 kg) of bombs. This was far above any bomber at the time and almost impossible to achieve. Although plans began in the mid-1930s, the final design and production wouldn't come to fruition until well into the war. Around 1,000 He 177 "Greif" (Griffon in German) bombers were built. It was far too late in the war to have any noticeable impact and was still plagued with issues. Most notoriously its tendency to catch fire during flights due to poor engine cooling system.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was introduced in [[Update 1.77 "Advancing Storm"]] as an addition from the revenue share program, created by Daniil "Joy_Division__" Zaytsev. Although it may look like a twin-engine bomber, the Greif actually has four engines, two mounted on one shaft spinning one propeller. Unfortunately, this makes the engines prone to overheating and players should be wary of prolonged high-power usage. The Greif has a very high structural speed limit of 683 km/h (424 mph), which helps it dive quickly to bases if needed. Being a long-range bomber, the He 177 is also quite heavily defended; six turrets are mounted all over the aircraft which provide excellent firing angles. Although the He 177 struggled in real life, it's a relatively decent bomber in-game that can defend itself and significantly damage enemy bases.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


Powered by two DB 610 coupled engines, the {{PAGENAME}} features great overall flight performance due to the sleek and more aerodynamic design compared to conventional four-engine heavy bombers. The plane can turn and bank around with relative ease, and has great flatline speed and climb rate for its size. Being designed to be capable of dive bombing, the {{PAGENAME}} can also perform these tasks quite well despite the size. This allows it to deliver precision strike at an enemy, an ability that other heavy bombers would struggle to perform otherwise.

However, the {{PAGENAME}}'s greatest asset in the form of engines is also its greatest downfall. In real life, the DB 610 is infamous for its tendency to catch fire during the flight, owning due to its cramped nacelles rendering the cooling system ineffective. While this self-immolation tendency were fortunately not reflected in-game, the DB 610's notoriously poor cooling system will cause the engine to quickly overheat while on WEP or having its coolant leaked via damage, thus causing the engine to be damaged if left unattended. The engines are also somewhat underpowered compared to the plane's weight. This means if one engine is knocked out, the plane will be unable to stay airborne and forcing the pilot to either land or crash. The engines also struggled to lift off the plane while it has low speed, thus complicated the take off and landing procedure, especially while carrying heavy payload.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 531 || 518 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 32.2 || 33.4 || 5.9 || 5.9 || rowspan="2" | 1,600
|-
! Upgraded
| 582 || 555 || 29.8 || 31.0 || 10.5 || 8.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 683  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 431 || 406 || 280 || ~4 || ~1
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 300 || < 310 || < 360 || > 715
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
[[File:He 177 Armour layout.png|thumb|He 177's armour profile|462x462px]]
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 9 mm Steel plates in pilot's seat
* 7 mm Steel plate under the entire cockpit
* 9 mm Steel plate in front of the front dorsal gunner
* 7 mm Steel plates on cockpit roof around front dorsal gunner
* 7 mm Steel plates around rear dorsal gunner
* 7 mm Steel box in front of the rear dorsal gunner
* 57 mm Bulletproof glass in front of tail gunner
* 9 mm Steel plates around the bottom and front of tail gunner
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (2 in frontal fuselage, 2 in central fuselage, 2 in each wing)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC50JA (50 kg)|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)|SC1000L2 (1,000 kg)|SC1800B (1,800 kg)}}
{{main|PC500 (500 kg)|PC1000 (1,000 kg)|PC 1400 X (1,400 kg)|PC1600 (1,600 kg)}}
{{main|Flam C 250 incendiary|Flam C 500 incendiary}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 48 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (2,400 kg total)
* 12 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (3,000 kg total)
* 6 x 500 kg SC500K bombs (3,000 kg total)
* 4 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bombs (4,000 kg total)
* 2 x 1,800 kg SC1800B bombs (3,600 kg total)
* 2 x 1,800 kg SC1800B bombs + 6 x 500 kg SC500K bombs (6,600 kg total)
* 3 x 1,400 kg PC 1400 X (Fritz X) bombs (4,200 kg total)
* 12 x Flam C 250 incendiary bombs
* 6 x Flam C 500 incendiary bombs
* 6 x 500 kg PC500 bombs (3,000 kg total)
* 4 x 1,000 kg PC1000 bombs (4,000 kg total)
* 2 x 1,600 kg PC1600 bombs (3,200 kg total)
* 2 x 1,600 kg PC1600 bombs + 6 x 500 kg PC500 bombs (6,200 kg total)

The stock payload of the {{PAGENAME}} consists of 48 x 50 kg bombs. While small in size, it is surprisingly effective, as 24 of these can destroy a single base in RB and two in total. Given that the plane's heaviest payload is also capable of destroying two bases while being almost three times heavier, the stock payload are actually more efficient against bases weight-to-damage ratio-wise. Because of this, it is recommended to use the stock payload against bases rather than "heavier" ones, as it will has much less effect on the plane's controllability, especially when compared to the "top" payload.

While less efficient, the {{PAGENAME}}'s heavier payload still has its own purposes. The top payload of the {{PAGENAME}} consists of 2 x 1,800 kg bombs and 6 x 500 kg bombs, both are effective against ground targets in mixed battles, especially when combined with the plane's surprisingly decent dive characteristic. The {{PAGENAME}} also has an access to three "Fritz X" guided glide bombs for precision strike at high altitudes.

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 131 (13 mm)|MG 81 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 20 mm MG 151 cannon, chin turret (300 rpg)
* 1 x 20 mm MG 151 cannon, tail turret (800 rpg)
* 2 x 13 mm MG 131 machine gun, front dorsal turret (1,000 rpg = 2,000 rpg)
* 1 x 13 mm MG 131 machine gun, rear dorsal turret (1,000 rpg)
* 1 x 13 mm MG 131 machine gun, ventral turret (1,000 rpg)
* 1 x 7.92 mm MG 81 machine gun, nose turret (1,000 rpg)

The {{PAGENAME}} has a well-armed defensive armaments, with particular focus on the rear of the aircraft, as five 13 mm machine guns and a single 20 mm autocannon can be directed at a chasing enemy. The guns are relatively easy to aim and pack quite a punch, especially since the 20 mm turret has an access to the minengeschoß shell.

However, the {{PAGENAME}}'s defense still has quite a large blindspot. Due to the lack of waist and fully traversable ventral turret, the plane is especially vulnerable from attacks from the side or low diagonal angle. The plane's glazed nose will also leaves the pilot vulnerable from head-ons attack despite the front has an access to another 20 mm autocannon. As such, always face your six at the enemy whenever possible.

== Usage in battles ==

[[File:A lone HE-177.jpg|thumb|He-177 flying in War Thunder]]

=== Strategic bombing ===
Combining the speed and handling of the Do 217 and the immense payload of the Lancaster along with defensive armament approaching that of the American bombers, the He 177 Greif is an outstanding heavy bomber. Its maximum payload of 2 x 1,800 kg and 6 x 500 kg bombs is easily the best of its contemporaries when it comes to demolishing bases in AB and airfields in RB/SB. Other payloads are quite useful depending on the bombing objectives in RB/SB: 6 x 500 kg against bases (3 per base), 4 x 1,000 kg and 2 x 1,800 kg for aircraft carriers and airfields.

The He 177 bears some similarities to the Do 217 series. It has an exceptionally high dive speed for a heavy bomber and is capable of reaching up to 700 km/h in a dive. It is, however, more manoeuvrable at high speeds, one has to be careful not to overload the wings. The two engines (which are really two V12 DB 605 engines coupled together to drive one four-bladed propeller, making them essentially 24 cylinder engines) are very powerful, but at the same time more vulnerable to damage.

The defensive armament of the Greif is very good by German standards, consisting primarily of 13 mm MG 131 heavy machine guns, completed with 2 MG 151/20 cannons, one in front and one in tail turret. The large tail fin prevents the dorsal turrets from firing directly to the rear, leaving only the MG 151/20, however.

=== Tactical bombing ===
The He 177 is the second and final aircraft of the German tech-tree to have access to the [[PC 1400 X (1,400 kg)|PC 1400 X Fritz X]] radio-guided bomb. Compared to the [[He 111 H-6]], the He 177 can carry three individual drop Fritz X compared to a single one. The access to guided munitions make this the first actual high-altitude tactical bomber (tactical bombing is aerial bombing aimed at targets of immediate military value such as combatants) as it can strike moving targets with pin-point accuracy even from high altitude. In other words, the Fritz X offers the pilot a wide variety of possible engagements.

=== Climbing and bombing ===
The He 177 A-5 will spawn at 4.5 km as a long-range bomber and as such, it's much easier to get out of the reach of interceptors. Do some side climbing, reach 5,000 m after game start (speed will decrease to 250 km/h, but still fine) and continue with a 5-degree climb. Remember, this aircraft is not a dive bomber and should not be treated as such.

In order to side climb efficiently, the ETC 1000/I module and engine modules should be prioritised. After these upgrades, 4 x 1,000 kg bombs will become available to be equipped, which can be used to destroy up to 4 bases (no external wing-carried bombs here). Begin climbing once spawned, and go for the nearest base after reaching >6,000 m altitude. Be careful of enemy interceptors which may snake their way up to your altitude, because you are really vulnerable at low speeds, hence the recommendation to side-climb. Side-climbing will help pilot have enough time to reach high altitudes, and lay in a bombing run.

=== Flight and engagement paths ===
There are multiple rules which should be followed when flying the He 177 in order to prevent and counter a wide variety of threats. The first rule is stay out of Line of Sight (LOS). This is one of the most basic rules for any aircraft, but especially due to the size of the He 177, it is crucial as it is easier to spot a 2-engine bomber at distances than a single-prop aircraft. The He 177 is far from being the easiest plane to conceal, but due to its camouflage, it can become invisible to eye sight if whoever is the threat falls in the trap. Do not rely on the camouflage to conceal you most of the time, it depends on the LOS azimuth, distance and enemy pilot's awareness. The blue colour is reliable on both sea and land environments (specially in winter maps) although it is not recommended to rely on it in Realistic or Arcade battles as, once the aircraft is detected, a marker will appear on the He 177 revealing the position. Depending on the situation and gamemode, there are multiple environmental hiding places which can make the He 177 have a safe flight to the target zone. This can be divided into optical hiding and technological hiding, both of which are to be complimented by each other. The pilot must not focus on just one or the other, both have to be done at the same time in order to achieve the best survivability in game.

==== Optical hiding ====
Hide the aircraft from enemy LOS. This could be by taking a "grass-cutting" flight path (flying as close to the ground as possible), flying behind any sort of environmental obstructions (mountains, inside canyons, inside river banks, etc), or a really high altitude flight. Due to the air spawn capabilities, flight ceiling, cruising speed and battle rating, the He 177 has a much better survivability at high altitudes, mainly for the fact it lacks manoeuvrability and agility due to having a massive wingspan but having very capable and powerful defensive capabilities.

==== Technological hiding ====
Another concern is hiding yourself against all sorts of airborne and surface-based detection systems. While these systems are relatively uncommon at the battle rating, there are various platforms that have search radar.

*'''Ground based radars'''

:If using the He 177 in higher-rank Ground Realistic/Simulator battles, players may encounter radar SPAA with powerful search/tracking radar systems. In this case, take the He 177 as a strategic bomber to destroy targets from high altitudes using the powerful Fritz-X (see [[#Fritz-X combat|Fritz-X combat]]), staying out of range of their armaments and/or radar.

*'''Naval based radars'''

:In naval battles, it is somewhat common to encounter search/track radars. The He 177 will start encountering vessels such as the [[HMS Tiger]], [[SKR-7]], [[Spokoinyy]], [[MPK Pr.12412]], [[Bezuprechny]], etc. All of these vessels are able to detect and effectively destroy the He 177 at a decent range. However, these chances will be reduced if the pilot flies at high altitude (preferably past 4 km). The main advantage of this is that it reduces the AAA accuracy. Now, the drawbacks from flying higher are not as significant compared to when trying to evade ground based radars and wanting to engage.

=== Spin descent ===
Also known as flat spin descent or helicopter descent. One of the main disadvantages of high altitude bombing is that the airframe cannot handle an aggressive descent back to the airfield. A spin descent is basically an induced flat spin, which causes the plane to spin horizontally while falling.

# Enter a flat spin: You need to switch to full real controls, then cut throttle, pitch up and move the rudder to either side until you stall and enter a spin.
# Descend: Note that even with practice, pulling out of a flat spin can still take a bit over 2km of falling before you can level out. Take note of terrain such as mountains.
# Leave the flat spin: There are multiple ways of doing this and there is even an in-game tutorial. A simple method is to re-engage mouse control, pitch down and roll '''into''' the spin, using the rudder to turn even more that way can help. Maintain this until the nose is pointing towards the ground. Then, roll '''against''' the spin and gradually pitch up.

=== Fritz X sight reticle and guidance ===
[[File:Fritz-X Bomb Sight Picture 1.png|thumb|250px|Fritz X bomb sight similarities with default bomb sight.]]
As with other bombers, the bomb sights are the main aiming tool for delivering ordnance in Air Realistic and Simulator battles. Depending on the speed of the aircraft, flight attitude and altitude, the bomb sight may look different. Note that the bomb sight while using Fritz X varies from the standard bomb sight; it includes a new reticle indicating the guidance of the bomb.

[[File:Fritz-X Bomb Sight Zoomed.png.png|left|thumb|250px|Fritz X guidance reticle]]
First, make sure to set your guidance keybinds to the most comfortable keybinds, it is Alt + WASD by default.

Dropping bombs with standard bomb sights is easy: wait for the target to be on the crosshair, compensate if the target is moving, then drop. While this is true for the Fritz X, the story somewhat changes. Hitting moving targets with the Fritz X is much easier than with unguided bombs. However, it should be noted that the white box marks the limit of where the bomb can be guided and when the bomb hits the ground. The box is actually an overlapping cross, as the bomb falls down and gets closer to the ground, the box will start to close and overlap with the crosshair forming a cross as well, it should be noted that, as the box closes, the guidance area is reduced. After it has successfully hit the ground, the reticle will change to the default bombing reticle (as seen in the GIFs).

==== Fritz X combat ====
The Fritz X is a powerful bomb with a somewhat awkward mass (1,570 kg), but this does not affect the performance. The Fritz X is very good at what it does, but some aspects must be taken into consideration before fighting with it. First of all, the Fritz X is a guided glide bomb, it does not have any rocket propulsion or similar system. The "rocket" like smoke is given by a flare used to guide the bomb. Second, the Fritz X speed is dependent on the carrier's initial speed. If the He 177 is flying at 400 km/h then the bomb will have 400 km/h as its initial speed and gradually increase speed as it falls down. Third, the range of the bomb depends on the altitude of the carrier.

;Against cruisers or battleships

[[File:Fritz-X vs Cruiser gif.gif|thumb|250px|Fritz X vs Cruiser]]
There is nothing more pleasing than watching the Fritz X hitting a ship followed by smoke, a fireball, and the powerful explosion sound it generates. Given the fact that cruisers and battleships are very dangerous due to their superb anti-air capabilities, you cannot hit them everywhere. If you want to maximize the effectiveness of the Fritz X, make sure to aim at the right spots. The first spot is the centre of mass. This is preferable over targeting the turrets which may initiate an ammo explosion, as the Fritz X is not a kinetic penetration-based bomb, it solely relies on penetrating by the explosive power. Cruiser decks might not be heavily armoured, but a cruiser has many decks, meaning the bomb will lose penetration and explosive power as it moves down. Usually the turrets will be destroyed with the ammo elevators. Situationally, the ammo racks will be lit on fire but there will be no critical/fatal damage to the ship's integrity. Whereas aiming at the COM does three main things: destroys exhaust funnels, damages or destroys engines and destroys two or more crew compartments, drastically reducing the ship's remaining crew complement. This number can vary depending on exactly where the bomb hits, but it will often take at least 40% of the crew. The same applies to battleships. However, most battleships tend to have secondary or tertiary ammo racks around the COM of the ship, meaning a COM hit will cause even more damage proportionally than was seen against the cruiser. As expected, you are not able to one-shot a battleship or cruiser with the Fritz X. However, you can cripple them with similar effect as a battleship armour-piercing salvo or even higher with just a single bomb. The second spot is below the waterline, below the waterline explosions tend to do significant damage, but in this case, a COM hit will do much more.
[[File:Fritz-X vs Destroyer gif.gif|thumb|250px|Fritz vs Destroyer]]

;Against sub-chasers or destroyers

As expected, a bomb with an explosive mass of 320 kg is more than likely to cause fatal damage to this type of ship. However, while lightly armoured vessels tend to be destroyed with a single shot by nearly all types of hits, reasonably armoured destroyers tend to take one or more bombs if they are not aimed properly. To ensure a one-shot for any of these vessel types, aim for the turrets instead of the centre of mass. When it comes to destroyers, the number of decks is significantly reduced as well as the armour. The explosive penetration will have no efforts in hitting the ammo racks whatsoever and causing major flooding, significant crew loss, and an ammo explosion followed by scorching fires.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Huge payload options, including three Fritz-X guided bombs
* Heavy defensive weaponry with accurate 13 mm and 20 mm turrets
* Fairly durable airframe capable of taking considerable amount of punishments
* Good climb rate for a heavy bomber
* Dual engine aerodynamic, make it quite manoeuvrable for a heavy bomber
* Capable of dive bombings, unlike other heavy bombers

'''Cons:'''

* Vulnerable to frontal and side engagements due to glazed nose and lack of coverage
* Huge fuel and cooling oil tanks can be easily damaged and set on fire
* Engines overheat very quickly when activating WEP and when the cooling system is empty
* Very hard to take off and land, especially with heavy bombloads
* Incapable of flying with one engine only, will keep losing altitude and eventually will have to land or crash

== History ==

Development of the He 177 began in 1936 as part of the Bomber A specifications issued by the German Air Ministry (RLM). The specifications called for a long-range, high-speed bomber with a payload of 1,000 kg. Despite the very demanding specifications, Heinkel began working on a mockup which was submitted for review in late 1937, with an order for 12 experimental machines following shortly after in early 1939. However, throughout its development, the He 177 suffered from a range of problems, some of which weren't even fixed before further development stopped. For example, one of the requirements (which was soon rejected, since it was impossible to implement) from the Air Ministry was the ability to bomb from a dive, that's why the engineers had to make various workarounds to provide the required flight technical characteristics. To reduce aerodynamic drag and to ensure flight range, two DB 601 engines were installed in pairs on one gondola and worked with a common shaft which rotated one four-bladed propeller. Thanks to this it was possible to create the aircraft using a two-engined scheme. But for this reason, the vehicle suffered from severe engine overheating issues and more often than not experienced mid-flight engine failures and frequent fires. In the process of fine-tuning the aircraft, the weight was significantly increased, so it became necessary to install a massive frame which could not be hidden - a relatively thin wing or tightly packed nacelles wouldn't fit. As a result, each frame was divided into two racks, each with a single wheel that could be retracted into the wing on opposite sides of the nacelle.

By 1944, development of the He 177 was considered finished, but by that time, the fortune of war had already turned on Germany and the need for a complex strategic bomber had faded. Nonetheless, over 1,000 He 177s were produced across several variants, with most machines seeing action on the Eastern front. However, despite being made in large numbers, the aircraft ultimately failed to make a difference in the war's outcome as its design maturity came too late, although some of the built vehicles were also used after war's end.

''- From [[wt:en/news/5356-development-heinkel-he-177-a-5-greif-the-flaming-arrow-en|Devblog]]''

The He 177 also attacked Allied shipping. In 1943, the Greif was planned to utilize the Hs 239, a glider bomb that could be controlled by a crewman via radio. The Hs 239 had a 1,100 lb (498 kg) warhead along with a motor that would burn for about 12 seconds. Two Hs 239s could be mounted with one under each wing although it could allegedly carry a third one under the fuselage. The first attack against merchant shipping occurred in late 1943 against convoy SL 139 and MKS 30. Many of the early attacks against one of the ships in the convoy were unsuccessful due to the failures of the Hs 239. The He 177 was also not free from problems. One captain reported a He 177 catching on fire for seemingly no reason (most likely due to the overheating issue) and a couple Greif's never made it back. All in all, the attack was a major disappointment, only slightly remedied by the loss of two merchant ships.

A second attack was launched only a few days later and reliability issues struck again. 21 Greifs initially took off but one had to quickly land after a crankshaft failure. After finding convoy KMF 26, the 20 Greifs prepared for battle only to find enemy Spitfires and P-39s. One hit was scored on a troop carrier however this battle ultimately led to the loss of 12 He 177s, either by enemy aircraft fire, reliability issues, and/or the weather. The He 177 struggled against anti-shipping and measures had to be taken to reduce loss rates. Sorties were flown during the night to decrease the loss rate although this also meant a decrease in effectiveness.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=he-177a-5 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|Q6sYNcaVVO0|'''The Shooting Range #88''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 10:02 discusses the He 177.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5356-development-heinkel-he-177-a-5-greif-the-flaming-arrow-en|[Devblog] Heinkel He 177 A-5 Greif: The Flaming Arrow]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/402781-he-177a-5/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Heinkel}}
{{Germany bombers}}

He 177 A-3

2024-11-24T18:02:24Z

U44629479: Added About template

{{About
| about = premium German bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the regular version
| link = He 177 A-5
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=he-177a-3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} German bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Dance of Dragons"]] as a reward for [[Battle Pass: Season XVII, "Guided Fury"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at _,___ m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| ___ || ___ || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | ___
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| _ || _ || _ || _ || _ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || ___ || ___ || ___ || ~__ || ~__
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < ___ || < ___ || < ___ || > ___
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

''Describe the aircraft's suspended armament: additional cannons under the wings, bombs, rockets and torpedoes. This section is especially important for bombers and attackers. If there is no suspended weaponry remove this subsection.''

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
* 3 x HS 293 A-1 missiles
* 3 x 1,400 kg PC 1400 X bombs (4,200 kg total)
* 48 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (2,400 kg total)
* 12 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (3,000 kg total)
* 6 x 500 kg SC500K bombs (3,000 kg total)
* 6 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bombs (6,000 kg total)
* 4 x 1,800 kg SC1800B bombs (7,200 kg total)
* 6 x 500 kg PC500 bombs (3,000 kg total)
* 6 x 1,000 kg PC1000 bombs (6,000 kg total)
* 4 x 1,600 kg PC1600 bombs (6,400 kg total)
* 12 x Flam C 250 incendiary bombs
* 6 x Flam C 500 incendiary bombs
{{Navigation-End}}

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 131 (13 mm)|MG 81 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 20 mm MG 151 cannon, chin turret (300 rpg)
* 1 x 20 mm MG 151 cannon, tail turret (800 rpg)
* 2 x 13 mm MG 131 machine guns, front dorsal turret (1,000 rpg = 2,000 total)
* 1 x 13 mm MG 131 machine gun, mid dorsal turret (1,000 rpg)
* 1 x 13 mm MG 131 machine gun, ventral turret (1,000 rpg)
* 1 x 7.92 mm MG 81 machine gun, nose turret (1,000 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''
*

'''Cons:'''
*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/9134-development-battle-pass-vehicles-he-177-a-3r3-greif-en|[Devblog] Battle Pass Vehicles: He 177 A-3/R3 Greif]]

{{AirManufacturer Heinkel}}
{{Germany bombers}}
{{Germany premium aircraft}}

T-72A

2024-11-24T18:00:51Z

U44629479: Undo revision 194565 by U157643169 (talk)

{{About
| about = Soviet medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = T-72 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_t_72a
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|GarageImage_T-72A_(1983).jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''T-72A''' is the second variant of the [[T-72 (Family)|T-72 main battle tank family]]. It is a member of one of the most extensive and vast main battle families, with nearly 25,000 units of all variants built. The second variant, T-72A, has several improvements over the first variant, which is also known as "Ural." The TPD-2-49 coincidence optical rangefinder has been replaced with the TPD-K1 laser rangefinder, and a modern electronic fire control has been added. The turret front is heavily armoured with composite armour, and there are provisions for mounting explosive reactive armour (ERA) and smoke grenade launchers. In the 1980s, a large number of the first variants, the T-72 "Ural", were also modernized and upgraded to this standard.

Introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]], the T-72A is a manoeuvrable tank, but it has poor acceleration and handling. Its low reverse speed and hull traverse set it apart from its Western counterparts. It does, however, have a reasonably powerful engine that allows it to easily traverse rough terrain. During battles, the quartz core turret will help to resist many shots. This tank's armament includes a powerful and accurate gun. Overall, it is a formidable tank that served as the spearhead of the Soviet Army ground forces during the Cold War.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The T-72A's hull armour is practically the same as the T-64A's; textolite middle sandwiched between two RHA plates. The difference is that the T-72As upper glacis is angled at one degree further back than that of the T-64A and the use of Quartz core instead of High-Hardness Rolled Armour (HHRA) in the turret. Like the T-64 and T-80 line, the T-72A has a carousel-type autoloader centred under the turret. This means that a penetrating hit to the centre of the tank has a high chance of leading to an ammunition detonation and subsequent launch of the turret. This is however slightly less likely to happen with the T-72As type of autoloader, where the charges are stored horizontally (as "=") in comparison to the T-64/-80 type, where the charge sits vertically and is easier to hit.

Spare ammunition not inside the 22 round carousel is however spread more randomly around the fighting compartment. Therefore, bringing only 23 rounds (for 1 in the gun and 22 in the carousel) limits the chance of the spare ammo detonating in the case of a turret hit. There are two diesel tank ammo racks within the tank - one to the right of the driver and one between the engine and fighting compartment (with some loose ammo above it). It doesn't take much to realize that like most Soviet MBTs, the T-72A is rather explosive if extra ammo is taken, so great care is needed when showing the hull. The driver should also be aware of having only 3 crew members; if one is knocked out they should be sure to return to an objective point as soon as possible to get a new one.

'''Armour type:'''

* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret)
* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 60 mm (68°) 16 mm ''Add-on steel plate'' (68°) || 80 mm ''Top'' 20 mm ''Bottom'' || 40 mm || 30 mm ''Frontal roof'' 20 mm ''Engine deck roof''
|-
| Turret || 200-280 mm ''Turret front'' (variable angles) 150 - 400 mm ''Gun mantlet'' (variable angles) || 130-240 mm || 75 mm || 45 mm
|-
| Cupola || 100 mm (variable angles) || 100 mm (variable angles) || 100 mm (variable angles) || 45 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and torsion bars are 20 mm thick while tracks are 30 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 1209|rbMinHp= 690|AoAweight= 0.8}}

The T-72A is a slow and sluggish tank which has poor acceleration and handling. It has really poor reverse speed as well as hull traverse. However, it has a powerful engine which makes it capable of pulling and pushing enemy tanks as well as move through rough terrain with ease. It does not have enough horsepower to climb over steep elevations. Speed-wise, it has a decent top speed (~60-70 km/h) which under specific situations it is able to be reached.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|2A46 (125 mm)}}

The T-72A has the powerful 2A46 125 mm smoothbore cannon. It has a powerful selection of rounds, each with different uses and similarities between same types.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[2A46 (125 mm)|125 mm 2A46]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Autoloader
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 44 || rowspan="2" | -6°/+13° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 19.0 || 26.4 || 32.0 || 35.4 || 37.6 || rowspan="2" | 7.10
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 11.9 || 14.0 || 17.0 || 18.8 || 20.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* 3BK12M: this is the stock ammunition which can be seen as poor when in frontal engagements against modern MBTs. However, the HEAT shaped charge as well as not losing penetration over distances makes it a decent round for sniping. However, the speed in said round is not fast and will be hard to aim at long distances.
* 3OF26: HE shell with a massive amount of explosive filler. This shell will destroy lightly armoured vehicles such as SPAA with overpressure.
* 3BM9: this is a tier I steel core APFSDS which has the highest muzzle velocity over all the APFSDS seen. However, the weight as well as penetration make it unreliable when facing top tier MBTs frontally.
* 3BM15: this is a tier 2 tungsten core APFSDS which has slightly less muzzle velocity compared to the 3BM9. However, this is the highest penetrating shot seen in the T-72A with increased weight over the 3BM9.
* 3BM22: this is a tier 4 APFSDS which has same ballistic performance as the 3BM15. However, penetration is reduced for a greater weight.

{{:2A46 (125 mm)/Ammunition|3BK12M, 3OF26, 3BM9, 3BM15, 3BM22}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x450px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! Ammo part
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''44''' || ''Projectiles'' ''Propellants'' || 40 ''(+4)'' 40 ''(+4)'' || 29 ''(+15)'' 29 ''(+15)'' || 23 ''(+21)'' 23 ''(+21)'' || 1 ''(+43)'' 1 ''(+43)'' || No
|}
'''Notes''':

* The {{PAGENAME}} uses two-piece ammunition, composed of propellant bags (orange) and projectiles (yellow). Both have separate racks.
* Shells are modelled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* A propellant charge remains in rack 2 after it is emptied and is later fired as part of rack 3. For the purpose of clarity, rack 2 is considered empty even if that charge is still present.
* Rack 4 (autoloader carrousel) is a first stage ammo rack containing 22 projectiles and 22 propellant charges.
** This rack gets filled first when loading up the tank and is also emptied first.
** As the {{PAGENAME}} is equipped with an autoloader, manual reloading of the gun is not possible.
** Once the autoloader magazine has been depleted, you can't shoot until the loader has restocked the autoloader with at least one shell. The restocking time is longer than the normal reload time of the gun. Take this into account when playing.
** Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from racks 1 to 3 into rack 4. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready rack.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|NSVT (12.7 mm)|PKT (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[NSVT (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm NSVT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 300 (150) || 700 || -4°/+75° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[PKT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm PKT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 2,000 (250) || 700 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The T-72A playstyle is near identical to the [[T-64A (1971)|T-64A]] (and also subsequent Soviet MBTs). One of the key differences between the two vehicles is the T-72A's stronger armour. The quartz core composed turret will also bounce many shots and can even eat up some of the strongest ATGMs. In terms of armament, the T-72A boasts the very powerful and accurate 125 mm 2A46 that Soviet high-rank tankers will quickly become familiar and fall in love with. Make sure to research the 3BM15 sabot rounds as soon as you can (after Parts and FPE of course), as the stock round has mediocre penetration for a sabot.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

* [[XM-1 (Chrysler)]]/[[XM-1 (GM)|(GM)]]: Avoid attempting combat with the 3BK18M HEATFS shells, despite them having thin composite armour
* [[AMX-30B2]]/[[AMX-30B2 BRENUS]]: DM23/33 have enough armour penetration to penetrate T-72 driver frontal plates, though all shells are effective against them in return.
* [[Leopard 2K]]: Turret mantlet is resistant to 3BK18M.
* [[AMX-40]]: Turret mantlet and lower frontal plate are highly resistant to 3BK18M.
* [[Strv 103 (Family)|Strv 103]]: Depending on the hull angling, HEATFS rounds such as the 3BK18M might ricochet. APFSDS is recommended to be used when facing it frontally.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Potent 125 mm cannon with high accuracy and muzzle velocity
* Low profile, especially when compared to NATO counterparts
* Access to a laser rangefinder
* Has both smoke grenade launchers and ESS
* Great turret armour and decent enough hull protection
* Has access to the powerful 3BM22 round
* Autoloader means the gun will continue reloading despite any fires or crew casualties

'''Cons:'''

* Terrible survivability thanks to the large autoloader in the hull and limited crew
* Abysmal reverse speed at -4 km/h
* Gun depression of -6 degrees leaves some to be desired
* Large weak spots which include the driver's port and LFP
* Mediocre optics with only one 8x zoom level
* Glacis armour is not reliable until the add-on armour plate is unlocked
* Extremely slow vertical gun elevation, and relatively slow horizontal traverse rate
* APFSDS choices will often bounce on IFVs and odd angles

== History ==


Development of the T-72 began shortly after the production of the T-64 highlighted several problems which negatively impacted production rates. Among these problems was an unreliable engine, which couldn't be produced at the high rates needed for a smooth production of the T-64 to take place.

In response, the Uralvagonzavod plant began working on a modified version of the T-64, which would use a more reliable and readily available engine, in order to provide the army with a tank fit for mass-production. Apart from this, changes were also made to the armour layout, in order to simplify production and decrease costs. This work resulted in the creation of the Object 172.

Development of the Object 172 continued, and after some trials, the vehicle entered service with the Soviet Army in August 1973, receiving its official designation T-72. Shortly afterwards, the vehicle was permitted for mass production, following the issuing of an official decree in 1974.

The T-72 was also heavily exported to and produced by nations of the Warsaw Pact as well as other countries worldwide, although these vehicles received certain downgrades compared to native Soviet models. Despite this, the T-72 quickly became one of the most widely used tanks in the world, participating in more conflicts than a single devblog could ever cover.

Since production began in 1974, over 20,000 T-72 tanks were built across several modifications in the Soviet Union/Russia alone, with production of more modern variants still ongoing today, even in other countries as well.

''- From [[wt:en/news/5945-development-t-72a-the-globetrotter-en|Devblog]]''

The T-72 series tank was developed as a direct prototype of the T-64 mechanical issues correction. In 1962, while working on the corrections of production problems, specially engine and firepower, a new prototype was developed with the 125 mm 2A46M smoothbore gun and the V-45K diesel engine. This prototype was renamed to Object 172. While being in an unclear political process, decree number 326-113 was issued, freeing Uralvagonzavod from the production of the T-64A. The first batch was produced and set under the name of "Object 172M". It was tested again in 1972 and accepted to service under the name of T-72. License production was sold to multiple countries as well as unit batches to Warsaw pact nations and exported to other countries such as India, Syria, Finland, Iraq and Yugoslavia. After the collapse of the USSR in 1991, some of the independent countries kept the tanks such as Ukraine.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_t_72a Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:T-72A WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:T-72A WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:T-72A WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:T-72A WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:T-72A WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:T-72A WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
File:T-72A WTWallpaper 07.jpg|
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|Q6sYNcaVVO0|'''The Shooting Range #88''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 05:01 discusses the T-72.|pW4fRtXKUgs|'''The Shooting Range #132''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:35 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|CJ9sCL1BGy4|'''M1 Abrams vs {{PAGENAME}} vs T-80B''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|_xCgMBOiA8U|'''High-explosive power''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 1:50 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|UMmdozyPgpU|'''Tanks Chats #110 - T-72''' - ''The Tank Museum''}}

== See also ==


;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[T-64 (Family)]]
* [[T-80 (Family)]]
* [[ZTZ96]]{{-}}[[ZTZ96A]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5945-development-t-72a-the-globetrotter-en|[Devblog] T-72A: The Globetrotter]]
* [[wikipedia:T-72|[Wikipedia] T-72]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/coldwar/USSR/soviet_T-72.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> T-72]
{{TankManufacturer Uralvagonzavod}}
{{USSR medium tanks}}

1RL33

2024-11-24T16:44:08Z

U44629479: Edits

==Description==

[[File:Radar_1RL33.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The 1RL33 / RPK-2 atop the turret of a [[ZSU-23-4]]]]

The '''1RL33''' or '''RPK-2 "Tobol"''' is a Soviet [[SPAA radars|ground-based target detection and tracking radar]].

===Vehicles equipped with this radar===


* {{Specs-Link|ussr_zsu_23_4}}
* {{Specs-Link|it_zsu_23_4}}
* {{Specs-Link|il_zsu_23_4}}
* {{Specs-Link|ussr_zsu_23_4m4}}

==General info / usage==


The 1RL33 is capable of both scanning for targets and locking onto targets, however it does not offer "Track While Scan" (TWS) capability, this means that the radar must cease scanning in order to lock onto a target. As a result of this if a target is locked onto then all other radar blips will stop updating and be removed from the display within a few seconds. Upon a target lock being lost the radar will revert to scanning. When the radar is locked onto a target it will stop sweeping and instead point directly towards the target, following it as the target moves.

The radar has a "Line of Sight (LoS) scan" mod. In this mode the radar dish is locked in place facing the front of the turret, as such it will only detect targets within a very narrow azimuth range, relative to the front of the turret, however elevation scanning angles remain unchanged. In LoS mode the radar (and thus the turret) need to be directly facing a target in order to detect it, once a target has been detected it can be locked onto in the normal manner and the radar will automatically follow it; once a lock is lost the radar will revert to LoS mode and face the front of the turret. The benefits of operating the radar in LoS mode are that as the radar is not emitting in all directions you will not alert enemy aircraft equipped with radar detectors to your presence unless you aim directly at them.

The default scanning mode of the 1RL33 is to scan a 90 degree arc. It is possible to switch the radar into scanning a full 360 degree, although due to the incredibly slow scanning speed this option is rarely desirable.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="3" | Search Characteristics
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Detection Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Detection Range|The range below which targets cannot be detected by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Range Settings|The available range scale settings of the radar}}
|-
| 20,000 m || 100 m || 10 km, 20 km
|-
! colspan="6" | Search Modes
|-
! {{Annotation|Search Mode|The search mode of the radar (some radars have multiple search modes with different characteristics)}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan}}
! {{Annotation|Scan Time|The time taken to complete one scan (the scan bar moving from one edge of the radar display to the other)}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum relative speed|The minimum speed a target must be moving, relative to the radar, in order to be detectable by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Maximum relative speed|The maximum speed a target can be moving, relative to the radar, and still be detected by the radar}}
|-
| Default || 90° || -9°/+15° || 4.25 s || 15 m/s (54 km/h) || 1,000 m/s (3,600 km/h)
|-
| 30° Scan || 30° || -9°/+15° || 1.50 s || 15 m/s (54 km/h) || 1,000 m/s (3,600 km/h)
|-
| 60° Scan || 60° || -9°/+15° || 3.00 s || 15 m/s (54 km/h) || 1,000 m/s (3,600 km/h)
|-
| 360° Scan || 360° || -9°/+15° || 6.00 s || 15 m/s (54 km/h) || 1,000 m/s (3,600 km/h)
|-
| LoS Scan || ~ ±1.5° || -10°/+15° || 0.25 s || 15 m/s (54 km/h) || 1,000 m/s (3,600 km/h)
|-
! colspan="6" | Tracking Characteristics
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum relative speed|The minimum speed a target must be moving, relative to the radar, in order to be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Maximum relative speed|The maximum speed a target can be moving, relative to the radar, and still be tracked by the radar}}
|-
| 16,000 m || 100 m || 360° || -9°/+87° || 15 m/s (54 km/h) || 1,000 m/s (3,600 km/h)
|-
|}

===Comparison with analogues===


Compared to other search and tracking radars the 1RL33 has a decent range of 20 km for detection and 16 km for tracking. It is the only search radar primarily designed for scanning a small sector, instead of 360 degrees; as such it has an incredibly slow scanning speed. Being a combined search and tracking radar like the [[Marconi S 400]] the 1RL33 lacks track while scan capability, however like the Marconi it can also track targets through a full 360 degrees.

===Pros and cons===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent range
* Can track targets through a full 360 degrees
* Good minimum range
* Radar shuts down immediately when turned off and stows away only marginally taller than the turret

'''Cons:'''

* Slow scanning speed
* Slow scanning speed makes 360° scan mode of limited use
* Lacks "Track While Scan" capability

== History ==


The 1RL33, also known as the RPK-2 "Tobol" was a soviet radar developed in the 1950s for use on the [[ZSU-23-4]] SPAA vehicle. The radar reportedly suffered from high levels of ground clutter (false returns on the radar display) under certain operating conditions, but offered good resilience against radar countermeasures.

The NATO reporting name for the radar system was "Gun Dish".

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


* [[SPAA radars]]
* [[Marconi S 400]] (another combined radar system)

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

[[Category:Radars]]
[[Category:Ground_vehicle_radars]]

Tornado GR.4

2024-11-24T15:56:54Z

U44629479: Undo revision 195591 by U177264265 (talk)

{{About
| about = British strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Tornado (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=tornado_gr4
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Firebirds"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at _,___ m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| ___ || ___ || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | ___
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| _ || _ || _ || _ || _ || _ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || ___ || ___ || ___ || ~__ || ~__
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < ___ || < ___ || < ___ || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | _____ || _
| colspan="2" | _,___ kg || colspan="2" | ___ kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! _m fuel || __m fuel || __m fuel
|-
| ___ kg || colspan="2" | ___
| _,___ kg || _,___ kg || _,___ kg || _,___ kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (___%/WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || ___%/WEP
! _m fuel || __m fuel || __m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || ___ kgf || ___ kgf
| _.__ || _.__ || _.__ || _.__
|-
| ''Optimal'' || ___ kgf (_ km/h) || ___ kgf (_ km/h)
| _.__ || _.__ || _.__ || _.__
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs) !! EEGS
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Cross}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Mauser BK27 (27 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 27 mm Mauser BK27 cannon, cheek-mounted (180 rpg)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

''Describe the aircraft's suspended armament: additional cannons under the wings, bombs, rockets and torpedoes. This section is especially important for bombers and attackers. If there is no suspended weaponry remove this subsection.''

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
* 56 x large calibre countermeasures + 1,200 x large calibre chaff + 4 x 1,000 lb G.P. Mk.I bombs + 2 x 330 gal drop tanks + 2 x AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles (4,000 lb total)
* 56 x large calibre countermeasures + 1,200 x large calibre chaff
* 480 x countermeasures
* 9 x Brimstone missiles
* 2 x AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles
* 2 x AIM-9M Sidewinder missiles
* 6 x 277 kg Paveway IV bombs (1,662 kg total)
* 5 x 546 kg Mk.13 bombs (2,730 kg total)
* 1 x 2,380 lb EGBU-24B Paveway III bomb (2,380 lb total)
* 7 x 1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13 bombs (7,000 lb total)
* 7 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (7,000 lb total)
* 12 x 1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13 bombs (12,000 lb total)
* 12 x 1,000 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.13 No.117 bombs (12,000 lb total)
* 12 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (12,000 lb total)
* 4 x 1,000 lb G.P. Mk.I bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 4 x 404 kg PGM 500/3 bombs (1,616 kg total)
* 3 x 1,060 kg PGM 2000/3 bombs (3,180 kg total)
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''
*

'''Cons:'''
*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/9148-development-tornado-gr4-tenacious-tonka-en|[Devblog] Tornado GR.4: Tenacious Tonka]]

{{AirManufacturer Panavia}}
{{Britain jet aircraft}}

Tornado (Family)

2024-11-24T13:51:40Z

U44629479: Edits

==Description==
The '''Panavia Tornado''' is a family of twin-engine, variable-sweep wing multirole combat aircraft, jointly developed and manufactured by Italy, the United Kingdom and West Germany.

==Vehicles==

=== Rank VII ===
'''Germany'''

* {{Specs-Link|tornado_ids_de_wtd61}}

'''Italy'''

* {{Specs-Link|tornado_ids_it}}

===Rank VIII===
'''Germany'''

* {{Specs-Link|tornado_ids_de_assta1}}
* {{Specs-Link|tornado_ids_de_mfg}}

'''Great Britain'''

* {{Specs-Link|tornado_f3}}
* {{Specs-Link|tornado_f3_late}}
* {{Specs-Link|tornado_gr1}}
* {{Specs-Link|tornado_gr4}}

'''Italy'''

* {{Specs-Link|tornado_adv}}
* {{Specs-Link|tornado_ids_it_mod95}}

[[Category:Family pages]]

Tornado (Family)

2024-11-24T13:51:06Z

U44629479: Edits

==Description==
The '''Panavia Tornado''' is a family of twin-engine, variable-sweep wing multirole combat aircraft, jointly developed and manufactured by Italy, the United Kingdom and West Germany.

==Vehicles==

=== Rank VII ===
'''Germany'''

* {{Specs-Link|tornado_ids_de_wtd61}}

'''Italy'''

* {{Specs-Link|tornado_ids_it}}

===Rank VIII===
'''Germany'''

* {{Specs-Link|tornado_ids_de_assta1}}
* {{Specs-Link|tornado_ids_de_mfg}}

'''Italy'''

* {{Specs-Link|tornado_adv}}
* {{Specs-Link|tornado_ids_it_mod95}}

'''Great Britain'''

* {{Specs-Link|tornado_f3}}
* {{Specs-Link|tornado_f3_late}}
* {{Specs-Link|tornado_gr1}}
* {{Specs-Link|tornado_gr4}}

[[Category:Family pages]]

Tornado GR.4

2024-11-24T13:48:55Z

U44629479: Added About template

Tornado (Family)

2024-11-24T13:46:30Z

U44629479: /* Rank VII */ Edits

==Description==
The Panavia Tornado is a family of twin-engine, variable-sweep wing multirole combat aircraft, jointly developed and manufactured by Italy, the United Kingdom and West Germany.

==Vehicles==

=== Rank VII ===
'''Germany'''

* {{Specs-Link|tornado_ids_de_wtd61}}

'''Italy'''

* {{Specs-Link|tornado_ids_it}}

===Rank VIII===
'''Germany'''

* [[Tornado IDS (Germany)|Tornado IDS Marineflieger]]
* [[Tornado IDS ASSTA1 (Germany)|Tornado IDS ASSTA1]]

'''Italy'''

* [[Tornado IDS (1995) (Italy)|Tornado IDS (1995)]]
* [[Tornado ADV]]

'''Great Britain'''

* [[Tornado GR.1]]
* [[Tornado F.3]]
* [[Tornado F.3 Late|Tornado F.3 (2003)]]

[[Category:Family pages]]

Tornado (Family)

2024-11-24T13:44:19Z

U44629479: Edits

==Description==
The Panavia Tornado is a family of twin-engine, variable-sweep wing multirole combat aircraft, jointly developed and manufactured by Italy, the United Kingdom and West Germany.

==Vehicles==

=== Rank VII ===
'''Germany'''

* [[Tornado IDS WTD61 (Germany)|Tornado IDS (WTD61)]]

===Rank VIII===
'''Germany'''

* [[Tornado IDS (Germany)|Tornado IDS Marineflieger]]
* [[Tornado IDS ASSTA1 (Germany)|Tornado IDS ASSTA1]]

'''Italy'''

* [[Tornado IDS (1995) (Italy)|Tornado IDS (1995)]]
* [[Tornado ADV]]

'''Great Britain'''

* [[Tornado GR.1]]
* [[Tornado F.3]]
* [[Tornado F.3 Late|Tornado F.3 (2003)]]

[[Category:Family pages]]

Pz.35(t)

2024-11-24T13:40:58Z

U44629479: Undo revision 195561 by U187596891 (talk)

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_pzkpfw_35t
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage2_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''Panzerkampfwagen 35(t)''', also known as ''LT vz.35'', was a Czechoslovakian light tank designed in 1935 by engineers at Škoda. The LT vz.35 was the most numerous tank in the Czechoslovakian army; during its serial production until 1939, 434 units were manufactured. After the German occupation of Czechoslovakia in 1939, these tanks were taken into service by the Wehrmacht, where they received the designation Pz.35(t) (''Tschecherei'': "Czech"). They formed the core of the German 1st Light Division and, after its reorganisation, the 6th Tank Division. The tanks were actively used by the Wehrmacht during the invasion of Poland, France, and the USSR in 1939-41. In smaller numbers, they were also used by the armies of Romania, Slovakia, Bulgaria, and Hungary, to which they were exported from Germany.

Introduced in [[Update 1.51 "Cold Steel"]], the Pz.35(t) represents an average but versatile vehicle, which copes well with a wide range of tasks on the battlefield. On the other hand, it does not excel in anything: in mobility, the Pz.35(t) is inferior to many other light tanks, and its armour and survivability are generally mediocre. However, the decent 37 mm gun and good frontal armour allow the vehicle to successfully perform the role of a "second line" machine.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Cupola)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
|Hull || |25 mm (18°) ''Front plate'' 16 mm (80°) ''Front glacis'' 25 mm (31°) ''Lower glacis'' || 16 mm || 16 mm || 12 mm
|-
|Turret || 25 mm (10°)''Turret front'' 25 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 16 mm || 16 mm || 8 mm
|-
|Cupola || colspan="3" style="text-align:center" | 25 mm (cylindrical) || 25 mm (4°)
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 15 mm thick while and torsion bars are 8 mm thick.
* The belly is 8 mm thick.
* Mudguards and fuel cans are 4 mm thick.

The {{PAGENAME}} has a key advantage over most low battle rated tanks which is found also on French tanks - it has 25 mm front armour on the hull and turret which makes it immune to 12.7 mm machine guns that are commonplace at its tier, however, the sides can be penetrated with such weapons. It has four crew with decent spacing between them, but a far cry from the Panzer III/IV, so while it can save you sometimes, don't rely on it, especially if a Soviet APBC or British 2-pdr shell is coming your way.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=186|rbMinHp=106}}

With a top speed of 33 km/h and a power-to-weight ratio of 11.43 hp/ton in Realistic and Simulator battles, the {{PAGENAME}} has reasonably good mobility for a reserve tank. With a top speed almost 20 km/h faster than yours, Stuart and BT tanks are notable enemies as they will flank you quickly.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|KwK34(t) (37 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[KwK34(t) (37 mm)|37 mm KwK34(t)]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 72 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+25° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Vertical || 13.3 || 18.5 || 22.4 || 24.8 || 26.4 || rowspan="2" | 4.29 || rowspan="2" | 3.80 || rowspan="2" | 3.50 || rowspan="2" | 3.30
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.3 || 9.8 || 11.9 || 13.2 || 14.0
|-
|}
The {{PAGENAME}} is armed with the 37 mm KwK 34(t), which has an APC shell with 55 mm pen and a Tier I unlockable APC shell with 53 mm pen, which is essentially worse in every aspect. It also possesses an 85 mm penetration APCR shell for more heavily armoured targets such as [[B1 bis]].

==== Ammunition ====
{{:KwK34(t) (37 mm)/Ammunition|Pzgr. 34(t), PzGr. 40, Pzgr.(t) umg.}}

'''Note:''' The PzGr. 34(t) round has no tracer.

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''72''' || 37 ''(+35)'' || 1 ''(+71)'' || No
|-
|}
Notes:

* Racks disappear after you've fired all shells in the rack.
* To go into battle with the right flank empty of ammo, pack 37 ''(+35)'' shells (rack 1 emptied).

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|MG37(t) (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG37(t) (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm MG37(t)]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,800 (200) || 768 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

The small calibre of the MG37(t) machine gun makes it largely ineffective against all armoured vehicles but the ones with an open compartment. It still can be used to ping targets as a rangefinding help or to mow down minor obstacles blocking your line of sight.

== Usage in battles ==


The tank is average in most aspects, aside from frontal immunity to .50 cals. Since your common enemies (eg. [[BT-5]]s) are faster than you, it is advisable to use this tank as a mid-range support vehicle. At the start of the match, avoid getting surrounded by enemies by not rushing to the frontline straight away, because its hull and turret traverse are all quite bad, making it vulnerable to surprise flanks. Find hilly terrain and utilise your 10 degrees gun depression to poke out, get a shot, then get back into cover before the enemies notice you.

At the middle stages of the match, only go to the frontline when you really need to, because, again, the traverse speed is low and the manoeuvrability isn't great. However the player can now use the tank's small profile to ambush enemies near a friendly point. With their decent penetration up close and the 22 g TNT, the APC rounds can quickly finish off anyone trying to de-cap the point.

Note that the default shell Pzgr. 34(t) has no tracer component, and the player can use this to their advantage. If the player misses the shot, the enemy will not see the trajectory of the shell thus will take longer to locate the shooter.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

* [[BT-5]], [[BT-7]], [[M2]], [[M3 Stuart (Family)|M3 Stuarts]]: If those tanks survive the first few minutes of point-capping, then they can silently appear pretty much anywhere on the map, including your side. To avoid being flanked / circled, do not put yourself at the frontline, as previously suggested. If you see / hear one of them sneaking up around you, turn your hull and turret together to double the traverse speed so it's quicker to get the guns on them.

* [[B1 bis]]: If it is not possible to avoid fighting this tank, then the best solution is to try and flank it. Hitting the side armour and knocking out its crew is the best way. In a face to face combat, load the APCR and aim for the near-vertical driver's compartment. The B1's driver and commander (also the gunner for the turret) are lined up so a penetration is likely to kill both of them, disabling its mobility and turret for 10 seconds or so. Also don't forget to avoid the hull-mounted 75 mm gun.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Gun depression of -10° is great for combating across any terrain
* Stock and unlockable ammo with explosive filler have decent penetration and good post-penetration damage
* Mobility and acceleration are decent for the tier
* Frontally immune to 12.7 mm machine guns, useful against foes like [[M13 MGMC]]
* Reverse speed of -34 km/h is excellent at pulling the tank out of danger
* Has a shoulder stabiliser, useful for close-quarters combat and shoot-n-scoot

'''Cons:'''

* Many other tanks are faster than it, like [[BT-5]], [[A13 (Family)|A13]], [[M3 Stuart (Family)|M3]]
* Gun is inadequate against higher tier tanks like [[T-70]], [[T-28 (Family)|T-28]]
* Poor survivability and armour against anything stronger than machine guns
* Low agility: sluggish hull traverse and slow turret rotation

== History ==

[[File:LT vz. 35 (1939).jpg|right|thumb|Czechoslovak LT vz. 35 ready for transfer to Panzertruppe in March 1939. The fate of this particular tank is unknown.]]

The Czechoslovakian LT vz. 35 was their main tank prior to the German occupation. with a total of 398 units built between 1936 and 1939, it was the main tank used by the German 6th Panzer division during the Battle of France and Operation Barbarossa before being phased out in favour of more modern German designs.

=== Development ===
The tank was a result of a competition between Českomoravská Kolben-Daněk and Škoda, the first one presented a variant of the LT vz. 34 coming at 8.5 while the second presented a new 10.5 ton model with more armour. Skoda's design was chosen and production was divided between the two manufacturers.

Early in the development the tank saw plenty of factory issues and reliability problems due to the rushed development and production, making it so that many units had to return to the factory for repairs involving mainly the electrical system.

The tank saw the interest of various countries, with Romania asking for 126 units, Afghanistan asking for 10 that where later sold to Bulgaria instead, and many others given to minor nations such as Hungary by Germany after the occupation.

=== Operational History ===
Czechoslovakian forces used the tank to supress protest and risings by the German Party of the Sudetes, and also to defend Slovakia from raids and incursions from Hungarian and Polish troops. After the German occupation they where used by Czech paramilitary groups armed and instructed by the German SS.

After the German Occupation, the tank was widely used by the 6th ''Panzer-Divisionen'' (6th Panzer Division) and where used on the Battle of France where they suffered moderate casualties.

During the Invasion of the Soviet Union the tank also participated but problems quickly rose up, the poor reliability and the inability of the tank to operate on very low temperatures quickly became a problem. Many where lost in combat and the tank proved ineffective even against soviet light tanks and specially against the T-34. Due to this poor performance Germany phased out the tank in 1942 and the remaining units where redistributed between Bulgaria, Slovakia, Romania and Hungary.

Bulgaria employed 26 units, some being the T-11 variant with a more powerful gun that where used in the 1st Tank Brigade until the arrival of Panzer IV tanks.

Slovakia used 52 units seized after their declaration of independence that where used for the suppression of anti-axis uprisings but 30 participated in the Invasion of the Soviet Union, most of which where destroyed or abandoned because of mechanical fails. The tanks where soon replaced by more modern units in 1943 being relegated to suppression of civic movements or training.

Hungary was impressed with the LT vz. 35 after capturing one during a conflict with Slovakia, and it was a great inspiration in the construction of the 40M Turan I developed by Skoda.

Romania was the 2nd largest user of the LT vz. 35 after buying 126 from Czechoslovakia, they where assigned to the 1st Armoured Regiment, participating in Operation Barbarossa an even in the Battle of Stalingrad covering the flanks of the Germany Army. In this last battle the unit lost 77 tanks with two thirds being lost to mechanical failures or abandoned. The tanks also participated in combat after the Romanian addition to the Allies, but the units where divided and some remained with the Axis while some remained went to the Allies.{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
The Škoda LT vz.35 light tank was developed between 1935 and 1936. This tank was put into service in 1936, and by 1937 it had become the primary tank of the Czechoslovakian army. Between 1935 and 1940, 424 LT vz.35 tanks were produced. 218 tanks of this model were accepted into service in Wehrmacht and used until 1942. The tank was inferior to the Pz.38(t) in many ways, and its crews were not sorry to see it go.

The tank was equipped with a pneumatic servomotor that made it easier to control the transmission and brakes. However, in winter condition on the Eastern Front it would freeze, and the tank would have to be warmed up. While in Wehrmacht service the tank's crew was also increased to four from the original three. The crew included a commander, a gunner, and a loader, who combined the duties of a radio operator and a mechanic/driver. The tank's power train was redesigned and made highly reliable. For example, the tracks could go for 8,000 km (almost 5,000 miles) before wearing out.

These tanks were used in combat operations in Poland, France, and the USSR. But while the Pz. 35(t) was effective in Poland and France, in the USSR it was, more often than not, helpless.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="200">
File:ArtImage Pz.35(t).png|A Pz.35(t) in [[Eastern Europe]]
</gallery>

;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_pzkpfw_35t Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|Yq5v19OwjYM|'''The Shooting Range #274''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:16 discusses Czechoslovakian tank-building.}}

== See also ==


;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[Pz.38(t) A]] / [[Pz.38(t) F]] - similar Czech-designed light tank, the successor to the {{PAGENAME}} in the German tech tree.
* [[T-26 (Family)]]
* [[A13 Mk I]]
* [[I-Go Ko]]
* [[M13/40 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/devblog/current/797|[Development] Pz-35t & T-26-4]]
* [[wikipedia:Panzer_35(t)|[Wikipedia] Panzer 35(t)]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/nazi_germany/panzer-35t <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Panzerkampfwagen 35(t)]
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=272 <nowiki>[Military Factory]</nowiki> LT vz. 35 / PzKpfW 35(t)]

{{Germany light tanks}}

Yak-9P (Italy)

2024-11-24T13:40:35Z

U44629479: Undo revision 195562 by U187596891 (talk)

{{About
| about = fighter aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Yak-9 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=yak-9p_hungary
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Alpha Strike"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The {{PAGENAME}}'s performance can be compared to the Yak-9U. The M-107A engine is the same model as as the 9U's, but it generates slightly less horsepower on the 9P for reliability reasons. The weight of the aircraft has also increased in large part due to the expanded fuel capacity. The minimum fuel load of 23 minutes is larger than the 9U's 16 minutes, for example. These factors negatively affect the 9P's climb rate and power-to-weight ratio, but these factors still remain quite decent. As is the case for members of the Yak fighter family, the Yak-9P has crisp controls, good manoeuvring energy retention, and a good turn rate at medium speeds, making it a good dogfighter. Control stiffening in the roll rate starts early at around 500 km/h IAS. The control surfaces start to compress significantly at 650-700 km/h. The handling at extremely low speeds is not exceptional, in these cases consider using the takeoff flaps.

The Yak-9P's metal airframe gives it a higher rip speed and slightly less control compression than the Yak-9U, a welcome improvement. High speed dogfighting and prolonged dives should still be avoided since the Yak-9P is still not designed for these tactics compared to Mustangs or Thunderbolts, but it should be able to give chase to other fleeing aircraft.

The M-107A engine is among the most powerful of the Soviet inline engines, contributing to the good energy fighting capabilities of the late Yaks, but has a number of quirks. It loves to overheat on WEP and even opening the radiators all the way does not eliminate the problem. If using Manual Engine Controls, try to keep the radiators fairly or entirely open under normal circumstances when maximum speed is not critical. Bumping up the propeller pitch to high percentages will help bring out as much thrust from the engine as possible, which helps to compensate for the Yak-9P's weight at the cost of overheating the engine slightly more quickly. To cool the engine quickly when out of combat, open the radiators, drop the propeller pitch, and dial back the throttle.

Engine performance and flight characteristics are good up to 4 km of altitude and decent at 5 km, but going to 6 km and above is not recommended. Medium to low altitude dogfights are the Yak-9P's forte.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 639 || 620 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 22.3 || 23.0 || 15.1 || 15.1 || rowspan="2" | 540
|-
! Upgraded
| 687 || 660 || 20.6 || 21.4 || 22.1 || 18.3
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 756  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || 280 || ~11 || ~8
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 380 || < 420 || < 490 || > 270
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8 mm Steel - Plate behind pilot's seat
* 64 mm Bulletproof glass - Pilot's head rest
* 64 mm Bulletproof glass - Front canopy window

The Yak-9P's all metal construction contributes to somewhat more survivability than the previous Yaks, but it is still not an exceptionally durable plane. The pilot has enough protection from the rear to survive stray machine gun shots. The frontal bulletproof glass is nice and thick and can resist machine guns and weaker cannons. The main issues in terms of durability are the numerous fuel tanks in the wing roots and the vulnerable liquid-cooled engine in the front. Use the Yak-9P's manoeuvrability to dodge fire as much as possible, the temperamental M-107A engine and large fuel capacity make engine damage and fires hard to deal with.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Four upgrades are of importance: ''Offensive 20 mm'', ''Compressor'', ''Engine'' and ''Engine Injection''. During this grind the second weapons profile (NS-23) can be easily be obtained without wasting time or XP.

Note that equipping the "NS-23 cannon" or "N-37 cannon" modifications by themselves will also decrease the accuracy of the B-20S cannons to stock values. The "New 23 mm cannons" and "New 37 mm cannons" modifications should be equipped to restore their accuracy and reliability.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|B-20M (20 mm)|B-20S (20 mm)|NS-23 (23 mm)|N-37 (37 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between three different cannons, the 20 mm B-20M, 23 mm NS-23, or the 37 mm N-37:
** 1 x 20 mm B-20M cannon, nose-mounted (115 rpg)
** 1 x 23 mm NS-23 cannon, nose-mounted (75 rpg)
** 1 x 37 mm N-37 cannon, nose-mounted (28 rpg)
* 2 x 20 mm B-20S cannon, nose-mounted (120 rpg = 240 total)

The Yak-9P is the first Soviet single-engine fighter with a customizable armament in the form of the centreline cannon firing through the propeller hub. All cannon loadouts have two synchronized 20 mm B-20S cannons in the nose; these are effectively ShVAKs with a slightly higher rate of fire and retain the same belts. The Default belt is quite good as it has AP-I rounds for starting fires and FI-T rounds for ease of aiming and some mild explosive damage. Those confident in their aim can use Armoured Targets for higher AP-I content. Avoid belts containing HE-F rounds since they have less explosive content than the FI-T rounds and deal very little damage.

The default option for the centreline cannon is a B-20M cannon with 115 rounds, and the overall setup of three B-20 cannons is the same as the [[Yak-3P]]. This loadout is not much to write home about from a damage perspective; compared to the Yak-9U's single ShVAK and twin Berezin UB combination, it has higher kinetic damage but less efficacy at starting fires. On the bright side, this homogeneous armament is very accurate and easy to use. Note that the centreline cannon will run out of ammunition about 1 second before the synchronized cannons.

The 23 mm NS-23 cannon with 75 rounds packs a greater punch than the B-20M. The FI-T rounds contain significantly more explosive filler and the AP-I rounds have greater kinetic damage, capable of knocking out inline engines in a single shot. The main downsides are the slightly worse ballistics (710 m/s vs 800 m/s for B-20s) and more limited firing time (7.5 seconds). The Default belt again has an even mix of AP-I and FI-T rounds for a good balance of kinetic damage and explosive damage.

The 37 mm N-37 cannon with 28 rounds may remind pilots of the [[Yak-9T]]'s deadly NS-37 cannon. The N-37 is lighter, more accurate, and fires more quickly but suffers from a lower muzzle velocity (610 m/s) and is not very effective against ground vehicles. Its HE rounds actually behave more like APHE rounds, exploding shortly after penetrating a target instead of on impact. This means that the rounds could overpenetrate an aircraft on occasion and explode outside for less damage; follow-up shots should be expected. When it does work right, the N-37 can dispatch large planes quickly. It has the least firing time (4.2 seconds) of all the Yak-9P's cannons and trigger discipline is important.

During the Yak-9P's stock grind, players who want to focus on flight performance upgrades first should consider sticking with the triple B-20 setup, which can be easily brought to a usable standard by going straight for the New 20 mm Cannons upgrade. It is a convenient and reliable option that is sufficient against fighters and other smaller aircraft. The N-37 is a good option for bomber hunting but may be tricky to use against small targets due to the muzzle velocity and quirks of the HE rounds. The NS-23 is a good compromise of firepower and ease of use. All loadouts suffer from limited ammunition, so an average pilot may be able to score 1-2 kills before needing to rearm.

== Usage in battles ==


Though the Yak-9P is similar to the Yak-9U in terms of design, handling, and performance, its places more emphasis on armament than performance. The Yak-9U could match or exceed most of its opponents in climb and speed and easily engage in energy fights. The Yak-9P faces tougher opposition and it is difficult to argue that the performance has improved, so it is important to pick your battles carefully and make good use of the powerful guns to destroy opponents quickly.

In Air AB, it's best to stick to moderately low altitude (below 5,000 m), as is typical with Soviet piston-engine aircraft. Though the VK-107 engine in the Yak-9P is significantly more powerful than the VK-105 engine used in most previous inline-engine Soviet fighters, its performance keeps getting worse as the plane goes higher, though the Yak-9P's maximum effective altitude is slightly higher than VK-105 Yaks. The Yak-9P's significantly better armament compared to the Yak-9U allows it to take down even heavily armoured foes, and with the 23 or 37 mm cannon upgrades, the Yak-9P can be a devastating interceptor against bombers that haven't climbed. It can be played somewhat like a heavy version of the Yak-3P - faster and with better armament options, but not as manoeuvrable overall.

In Air RB, the Yak-9P is best used cautiously by new pilots. The climb rate is not exceptional for its battle rating, so it may be better to hang back slightly, reach medium altitudes, and wait for teammates to start combat. If you can successfully jump on an enemy's tail at medium speeds, the Yak's balanced performance makes it hard for them to pull a reversal. Turning engagements often end in the Yak's favor since it has a good turn rate and does not lose much speed in horizontal manoeuvres, though this is not advised against very manoeuvrable aircraft like Spitfires and Zeros. Vertical manoeuvres and loops can be used to energy-trap heavier opponents but keep in mind that the Yak-9P's handling at stall speeds is not impressive. Try to avoid combat at high speeds; though the Yak-9P is more structurally durable than other Yaks and Lavochkins, it still rips earlier than many other fighters and the control stiffening makes it easy for enemies to dodge fire or pull a reversal.

Keep an eye on the engine temperature. MEC helps greatly for managing the radiators and propeller pitch as discussed earlier. Heated combat routinely results in orange and sometimes red engine temperatures. Do not let the engine cook itself and give it a break when out of combat. If things get dire or the engine has been worn down to the point where the overheat threshold is uncomfortably low, consider returning to base, as rearming and repairing will also reset the engine.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very fast when flying below 4,000 m (13,000 ft)
* Powerful armament
* Good energy retention, vertical & horizontal
* Decent rate of climb and turn
* Nose-mounted cannons are very accurate

'''Cons:'''

* Slower acceleration as an all-metal aircraft compared to lighter Yaks also utilizing the Klimov M-107 engine
* Cannot reach speeds higher like other aircraft during dives, such as Fw 190, P-51 and F4U variants
* Not very nimble at speeds slower than 300 km/h (186 mph)
* Control stiffening when flying above 500 km/h (310 mph) and the roll rate is significantly decreased
* Engine power suffers when flying above 4,000 m
* Engine overheats easily
* Low ammo capacity

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=yak-9p_hungary Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development
* [[Yak-9 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8767-development-the-hungarian-aircraft-line-is-coming-to-the-italian-tree-en|[Devblog] The Hungarian Aircraft Line is Coming to the Italian Tree!]]

{{AirManufacturer Yakovlev}}
{{Italy fighters}}

Z15 Erich Steinbrinck

2024-11-24T13:40:15Z

U44629479: Undo revision 195563 by U187596891 (talk)

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_destroyer_class1934a_1944
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was a German Type 1934A destroyer. Z15 was named after the WWI German naval officer Erich Steinbrinck. She was laid down on 30th May 1935 and commissioned on 8th June 1938. Her main armament as built was five 12.8 cm SK C/34 cannons in single mounts, with secondary armament being two twin 3.7 cm C/30 cannons as well as six 2 cm C/30 autocannons. Torpedo armament was supplied by two quadruple 533 mm launchers located amidships. After the breakout of WWII, she laid minefields in the North Sea. She underwent refit and repairs during the Norwegian campaign, and was thus spared from being sunk by British unlike most Kriegsmarine destroyers. From early 1941, Z15 conducted escort duties in the Bay of Biscay and along the French coast before being transferred to Norway in 1942. In mid-1943, she took part in the German attack on the Spitzbergen Islands. After returning to Germany for refit, she was damaged by Allied bombers while in dock, becoming unservicable for the remainder of war. She was given to the Soviets as war reparations where she served as a training ship and later a floating barracks before being sold for scrap in 1958.

The Z15 was introduced in [[Update 1.93 "Shark Attack"]]. Like other German destroyers, the Z15 is fast, responsive, and manoeuvrable. Armed with 12.8 cm guns with a fire rate of 18 rounds/min using the ten ready-use rounds and later decreasing to a still impressive 16 rounds/min, she is a force to be reckoned with. The anti-air protection is quite strong with six 2 cm autocannons for short-range and seven twin 3.7 cm autocannons for mid to long-range protection. The Z15 unfortunately inherited another design feature of her German sisters, the unprotected magazines on waterline, making the vessel susceptible to fatal magazine explosions.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

Similar to other destroyers at its rank, the Type 1934A (1944) has very little armour to shield itself from incoming fire except from small-calibre machine guns. However, the ship is quite survivable thanks to its 8-section hull and high crew count. This allows the Type 1934A (1944) to last longer in a trading firefight.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}


{{NavalMobility
|SpeedForwardStockAB = 63
|SpeedBackStockAB = 23
|TurnTimeStockAB = 128.6
|TurnSpeedStockAB = 44
}}

The Type 1934A (1944) is fast and manoeuvrable, which can help the ship to survive longer via evasive manoeuvring.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|12.8 cm/45 SK C/34 (128 mm)}}

Similar to most German destroyers prior to rank III, the Type 1934A (1944) is equipped with basic 128 mm naval cannons, two at the front of the ship and the other two at the back. These cannons' damage per shot is not bad against targets at its BR range, but not that good either, requiring you to hit the enemy several times (usually 20 - 30 hits for destroyers) to sink them (thus somewhat inadequate at long ranges due to lack of stopping power). Fortunately, the gun has a very good reload time of just 4 seconds with ace crew, coupled with good shell velocity and accuracy. This makes the Type 1934A (1944) capable of continuously lobbing its shells into its target within a mid-to-close range (within 7 km) into submission.

{{:12.8 cm/45 SK C/34 (128 mm)/Ammunition|12.8 cm Sprgr. L/4.4 Kpf.Z, 12.8 cm Sprgr. L/4.4 Bd.Z, 12.8 cm Sprgr. L/4.4 Zt.Z}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|FlaK-Lafette LM/42 (37 mm)}}

The secondary battery consists of seven dual 37 mm AA gun mounts (14 barrels total), two at the bridge, two at the second smokestack and three on the aft of the ship before the rear two turrets. These guns provide deadly firepower at close range against destroyers and coastal vessels, and good anti-air coverage.

* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}
* '''37 mm HE clips:''' {{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}
* '''37 mm APT clips:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}

{{:FlaK-Lafette LM/42 (37 mm)/Ammunition|HEF-I, AP-T}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|2 cm/65 C/30 (20 mm)|2 cm/65 Flakvierling 38 (20 mm)}}

In addition, the Type 1934A (1944) also features two twin 20 mm anti-aircraft mounts, one at the bow and the other at the rear compartment.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|G7a (533 mm)|WBG depth charge}}

As with other German destroyers, the Type 1934A (1944) comes equipped with G7a torpedoes in two quadruple launchers. These torpedoes remain very deadly against any target the ship may face.

== Usage in battles ==

The Type 1934A (1944) is a potent support and brawling ship that excels at mid-to-close range combat. Although its 128 mm guns is somewhat inadequate against long-range targets, it is quite deadly at closer range thanks to its rapid rate of fire and good accuracy. This allows the ship to pick off important modules on the enemy ships (turrets, engines, bridge) and slowly killing them.

To complement its primary armament, the Type 1934A (1944) is also equipped with fourteen 37 mm guns as secondary armaments. These guns are very useful for occasionally setting enemy ships on fire, depleting the crew, and finishing them off. This gun is also useful for anti-air purposes, although it's advised to man the guns yourself when an enemy plane is getting close.

Due to its gun placement, the Type 1934A is able to aim and shoot two main guns with greater accuracy and still pack enough firepower to pick off critical modules, moving in this position can make the ship more survivable, since not only the ship's profile is much smaller and harder to hit when bow on, this also prevent most enemies from damaging its unprotected engines and transmission.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High survivability due to high crew count and section layout
* Good top speed and agility
* Main guns is very accurate and has very good rate of fire
* Powerful secondary armaments
* Good anti-air coverage
* Equipped with deadly G7a torpedoes

'''Cons:'''

* Average (but adequate) damage per shot for its BR
* Lacks armour to shield off small-calibre cannons at close range
* Engines and transmissions is exposed to any incoming shots from the sides

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_destroyer_class1934a_1944 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;[[Type 1934A (Family)|Related development]]

* [[Z12 Erich Giese]] - a Type 1934A-class prior refit

== External links ==


{{ShipManufacturer Blohm and Voss}}
{{Germany destroyers}}

Bretagne

2024-11-24T11:48:05Z

U44629479: Undo revision 195064 by U124799396 (talk)

{{Specs-Card
|code=fr_battleship_bretagne_class_bretagne
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage {{PAGENAME}}.jpg|GarageImage {{PAGENAME}} (2).jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

'''Bretagne''' was a French super-dreadnought, lead ship of [[Bretagne (Family)|her class]], launched in April 1913. Due to the constraints of the French shipyards, her length and displacement remained almost unchanged compared to her predecessors of the [[Courbet (Family)|Courbet class]]. During World War One, she was delegated to blockading the deployment of German and Austro-Hungarian submarines. During the interwar period, Bretagne underwent several very extensive modernizations, including updating fire control systems, replacing an outdated mast with a tripod, and strengthening anti-air defence.

With the outbreak of World War Two, the battleship was based in Toulon and participated in the naval blockade of Germany. In March 1940, she transported part of France's gold reserves to Halifax. At the time of the Invasion of France, she was stationed in Mers-el-Kébir which, after the surrender of France, became a target of British attack in order to prevent French ships from falling into German hands. On July 3, during Operation Catapult, the fleet stationed in harbour came under fire from the battleships HMS Valiant and HMS Resolution and the battlecruiser [[HMS Hood]] along with escort vessels. Bretagne received several hits from 381 mm shells, leading to an explosion and sinking which killed 1,012 crew members. In 1942, attempts were made to raise the battleship's hull for cutting, but they were stopped after an explosion occurred on board. In 1952, the hull was finally raised and by 1954 cut for scrap.

The Bretagne was introduced in [[Update "Alpha Strike"]] in her 1925 refit. She plays like a typical WW1-era dreadnought, being best used in a second line, picking off targets with her multiple large-calibre guns. Her mediocre armour, little mobility, and next to no anti-air defenses make it difficult for her to compete for capture points or slug out against vessels at higher BRs.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|340 mm/45 model 1912 (340 mm)}}
''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

{{:340 mm/45 model 1912 (340 mm)/Ammunition|340 mm OEA Mle 1926 HE, 340 mm OPF Mle 1912 APC, 340 mm OPF Mle 1921 APCBC}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|138.6 mm/55 model 1910 (138.6 mm)}}
''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

{{:138.6 mm/55 model 1910 (138.6 mm)/Ammunition|138.6 mm OEA Mle 1919 HE, 138.6 mm OPF Mle 1910 SAP, 138.6 mm OPF Mle 1921 SAPBC}}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|75 mm/50 Canet model 1891 (75 mm)}}
''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|1909R (450 mm)}}
''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

By 1910, the previously competitive French Navy was considerably behind major naval powers such as Britain, Germany & the USA in terms of capital ships, having not yet laid down a single dreadnought type warship whilst the Kaiserliche Marine had built 8 dreadnoughts and a battlecruiser, the United States Navy had built 6 dreadnoughts and the Royal Navy had built 10 dreadnoughts and 5 battlecruisers, and that's ignoring the additional capital ships the nations also had under construction at the time. Even the Imperial Russian Navy had four of its first dreadnought class under construction at the time and Brazil owned two dreadnoughts which Britain had finished construction of that same year. It was only in late 1910 that the first of the 4 French Courbet class dreadnoughts had been laid down, meanwhile other major powers were continually producing and planning yet more capital ships.

In an attempt to reverse France's current naval inferiority, the government authorised an ambitious naval program in March 1912, calling for a force of 28 modern battleships to be completed within the next 8 years, starting with the new Bretagne class of 3 super-dreadnoughts, all laid down that same year.
[[File:BretagneClassProvence.jpg|thumb|Provence, of the Bretagne class, sailing during the First World War]]

To compete with the designs of contemporary battleships, the Bretagne class required 340 mm guns over the prior 305 mm of the Courbet class, but within a hull based on that of the Courbet so that it would still fit France's limited dockyards, necessitating 5 turrets rather than the 6 of the Courbet. However, the Bretagne placed all of its main turrets on the centreline, retaining the 10 gun broadside of the Courbet, which used two wing-turrets.

The three ships of the class were completed just prior to the outbreak of the First World War, though a fourth ship ordered by Greece was never completed. The ships spent the majority of the war in port while guarding the Adriatic from potential Austro-Hungarian incursions, as well as being used to intimidate Greece, which was leaning toward supporting Germany. Through the interwar years, the three ships received sporadic refits and conducted training cruises. During the Spanish Civil War, Bretagne & Provence joined non-intervention patrols off the Spanish coast.

Following the start of the Second World War, the ships initially didn't see any action outside of escorting several convoys. However, after the Fall of France, Force H of the Royal Navy accosted the majority of the French Navy in the harbour of Mers-el-Kébir in July 1940, delivering an ultimatum which suggested various ways for the French fleet to be interned by or integrated with the Royal Navy to prevent the Axis from having any chance of seizing the ships and overwhelming the British Mediterranean Fleet. Failure to comply with the ultimatum would result in Force H attempting to destroy the French Fleet in the port, which included Bretagne and Provence.

After several hours of negotiations, no agreement was reached and the warships of Force H initiated hostilities upon the French fleet. Within minutes, Bretagne was struck by two 381 mm shells from the third salvo of HMS Hood, HMS Resolution & HMS Valiant, one blasting a hole in the hull with a fiery explosion, causing flooding, and the other destroying the centre engine room. 7 minutes later, another two 381 mm shells hit, which was shortly followed by a catastrophic ammunition detonation that rocked the ship, causing it to roll over and sink. Meanwhile, Provence had begun returning fire on Force H about 90 seconds after the British opened fire, but scored no hits and was then subsequently hit by several 381 mm shells, igniting blazing fires onboard and tearing open the hull, allowing vast quantities of water to flood in, eventually sinking the ship to the bottom of the harbour.
[[File:BretagneMersElKebir.jpg|thumb|Bretagne on fire and flooding after being struck by two 381mm shells, shortly prior to detonation]]

Following the attack, though Bretagne was a lost cause, Provence was raised from the seabed. The ship was somewhat repaired and transferred to Toulon, where it stayed until being scuttled in 1942 to keep the Germans from using it.

Meanwhile, whilst all that had been going on, Lorraine had been interned in Alexandria since the Fall of France. In 1942, the crew of the ship decided to join the navy of Free France and the ship served as a training vessel though 1943. The ship then received a major refit before participating in Operation Dragoon of 1944 as an artillery support ship during the landings. The last action of the ship during war was the bombardment of German forts in northern France in March 1945.

Following the war, the Lorraine became a gunnery training ship and then a barracks ship before being decommissioned in 1953 and sold to scrappers. What was left of Bretagne was raised and scrapped in 1952, while the hulk of Provence was raised and scrapped in 1949.

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

* [[wikipedia:French battleship Bretagne|[Wikipedia] French battleship Bretagne]]
* [https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/5968.html <nowiki>[uboat.net]</nowiki> FR Bretagne]
* [http://navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_bb_bretagne.htm <nowiki>[NAVYPEDIA]</nowiki> BRETAGNE battleships (1915 - 1916)]

{{ShipManufacturer Arsenal de Brest}}
{{France battleships}}

SPz 12-3 LGS

2024-11-23T22:10:00Z

U44629479: Edits

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_spz_12_3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=id50228_spz_12_3_lgs_germany
}}

== Description ==


The '''SPz 12-3 LGS''' is based on the HS.30, a German Infantry Fighting Vehicle, which was also the first IFV in the world. Unfortunately, being the first in any field has consequences, and the HS.30 was quickly outpaced by first the Soviet Union's [[BMP-1]] and a mere 4 years later (from the SPz 12-3 LGS's deployment) by the [[Marder IFV (Family)|Marder]] family of IFVs in the Bundeswehr. Due to performance shortfalls and a rocky development history, the vehicle's initial 10,680 strong order was drastically slashed to just 2,176 vehicles, of which the SPz 12-3 LGS was a part of. The most notable change from the HS.30 to the SPz 12-3 LGS is the very noticeable 106 mm recoilless rifle that takes up the infantry compartment, which augmented the vehicle's lethality against enemy armoured vehicles with its high-penetration chemical rounds. The SPz 12-3 LGS was produced starting 1965 as a conversion of the HS.30, but all HS.30-derived vehicles were all but retired by the 1980 mark as the Bundeswehr transitioned to the Marder series of IFVs as well as the Raketenjagdpanzer series of tank destroyers in a transition to more effective, reliable vehicles.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was introduced in [[Update "La Royale"]] as a reward for [[Battle Pass: Season XII, "Armour Breaking Ambusher"]]. Equipped with a 20 mm MK20-1 autocannon and a 106 mm M40A1 recoilless rifle, it is able to engage both light and heavy armour effectively with high levels of versatility. While the hull is noticeably more sluggish compared to its upsized brethren such as the [[JPz 4-5]] due to an underpowered engine, it is also a much smaller vehicle and can easily hide the hull behind cover to ambush unsuspecting enemies. The gun depression of the M40A1 is -17 degrees, giving the vehicle more flexibility than other 106 mm recoilless rifle carriers at a similar BR, such as the [[M50]] and its -10 degree gun depression. It is enough to utilize most spots on the map by only showing the upper right corner of your hull to fire, greatly increasing your survivability by not being seen in the first place until it's too late. Armour is adequate enough to stop low powered autocannons at range, but any serious enemy fire will easily penetrate your thin armour without much issue, so it's best to use the map to play around this weakness.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The protection of the SPz 12-3 is fairly poor. The armour is insufficient to protect itself against close up heavy machine gun fire, with the majority of the hull and portions of the turret easily ripped to shreds from any angle. However, the poor armour protection can sometimes be a benefit, as rounds may pass through without fusing the shell's explosive filler. It is best to assume any hit you take will be fatal, and you should play around this fact accordingly to increase your potency on the battlefield.

The SPz 12-3's crew compartment is a bit strange in terms of layout, with 3 of the crew being cramped together in the front of the vehicle near the turret, and the other two being behind them with ammunition between the two compartments. This can allow some glancing shots - mostly lower calibre rounds or rounds with relatively low spall such as APDS rounds - to be taken, although the abundance of ammunition inside the vehicle somewhat diminishes this upside.

The one redeeming quality in terms of survivability this vehicle has is its extremely small profile. This enables the SPz 12-3 to very easily hide behind objects, and even operate its gun from behind fairly low obstacles with little risk of being destroyed, as the recoilless rifle sits well above the squishy body of this light tank.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, turret)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 30 mm (55°) ''Upper glacis'' 20 mm (45°) ''Lower glacis'' || 15 mm (34°) ''Top'' 15 mm''Bottom'' || 20 mm (55°) ''Upper glacis'' 20 mm (45°) ''Lower glacis''|| 30 mm (35°) ''Front glacis'' 10 mm ''Crew and engine compartments'' 20 mm (35°) ''Rear glacis''
|-
| Turret || 30 mm (55°) ''Turret front'' 30 mm (cylindrical) ''Gun mantlet'' || 15 mm (14-17°) || 15 mm (14-15°) || 30 mm (35°) ''Turret front'' 10 mm (6°) ''Turret rear)''
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels, tracks, and torsion bars are 20 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 11 mm thick.
* Track undersides are 10 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

The SPz 12-3 LGS is slightly underwhelming as a vehicle in terms of mobility. The later [[JPz 4-5]] and [[RakJPz 2]]/[[RakJPz 2 (HOT)]] hulls have significantly better mobility as well as a reverse gearbox, while the LGS has a HP/ton between that of the Tiger 1 and Panther series of vehicles at best and is not suited to flanking across the map early on. The vehicle's top speed is adequate at 56 km/h, and the reverse gear also isn't lacking at a sufficient 13 km/h speed. Overall, the vehicle will carry you to where you need to be, but it is always best to assume enemy light tanks have already taken the most advantageous positions by the time you reach similar spots.

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=341|rbMinHp=195}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M40A1 (106 mm)}}

The SPz 12-3 LGS comes equipped with a 106 mm recoilless rifle - sporting fairly hefty damage but with a noticeable reload and slow traverse rate - traits that limit your reactiveness as lining up a shot takes longer than most contemporaries. This lends the vehicle more to an ambush playstyle to play around the gun, using slight inclines to 'lob' the shells at your enemies exploiting the somewhat high drop the shells have after launch. It is preferable to use the HEAT ammo over the HESH ammunition, as the HESH rounds are more fickle with damage and are less flexible overall.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M40A1 (106 mm)|106 mm M40A1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 28 || rowspan="2" | -17°/+65° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | - || 9.5 || 13.2 || 16.0 || 17.7 || 18.8 || rowspan="2" | 13.00 || rowspan="2" | 11.50 || rowspan="2" | 10.60 || rowspan="2" | 10.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 5.9 || 7.0 || 8.5 || 9.4 || 10.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The SPz 12-3 LGS uses the same 106 mm recoilless rifle, widely used by multiple Western-aligned countries at this BR. Players can utilize either the M344A1 or M361A1 projectiles as their primary ammunition - M344A1 is a shaped charge ammunition with high penetration, while M361A1 is a HESH round that can go through even high angled plates of thin thickness. M344A1 is sufficient at penetrating anything the SPz 12-3 LGS faces at its BR, but the damage can be mediocre as the jet travels in a straight line inside the vehicle. M361A1 on the other hand lacks the raw penetration of the HEAT round, but doesn't care about angles so if you shoot at an armored plate with a thickness lower than your shell's penetration, however angled, the shell will be able to do critical damage to the enemy. However, when M361A1 comes into contact with spaced armour, it will do no damage because of how HESH works. Both rounds are chemical in nature with very sensitive fuses, so the rounds can explode early if they come in contact with objects such as fences, bushes, ERA, tracks or spaced armor - meaning players should be aware of their surroundings when shooting an enemy. Both rounds also have low muzzle velocity at 503 m/s and 498 m/s and a noticeable shell drop, which can be a blessing and a curse at the same time as it's hard to get used to but also allows you to lob shells on arcing trajectories over small obstacles. Sniping at range isn't impossible but is generally not recommended due to the innately slow muzzle velocity and significant shell drop.

{{:M40A1 (106 mm)/Ammunition|M344A1, M361A1}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''28''' || 25 ''(+3)'' || 21 ''(+7)'' || 1 ''(+27)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear from the rack after having been loaded into the breech.
* Rack 3 is a first stage ammo rack. It totals 20 shells and gets filled first when loading up the tank.
* This rack is also emptied early: the rack depletion order at full capacity is: 3 - 1 - 2.
* Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from racks 1 and 2 into rack 3. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready rack.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|MK20-1 (20 mm)}}

The SPz 12-3 LGS comes equipped with a 20 mm autocannon, capable of moderate traverse both in the vertical and horizontal axes. It has moderate penetration and slews slower than expected, meaning it's more ideal against enemy open top or light vehicles than enemy aircraft. Against an enemy plane it is better to try and 'pre-aim' to a spot the plane will be passing rather than trying to actively adjust your aim, as the slew rate is below average and will most likely be unable to keep up with a close up aircraft in at least one axis. It is also a very helpful tool to destroy fences and trees for the 106 mm main gun, letting you stay in less ideal spots that other players may not expect to pounce on them at an opportune moment.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[MK20-1 (20 mm)|20 mm MK20-1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 600 (120) || rowspan="2" | 900 || rowspan="2" | -6°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±100° || rowspan="2" | - || 29 || 39 || 48 || 53 || 56 || rowspan="2" | 9.1 || rowspan="2" | 8.1 || rowspan="2" | 7.4 || rowspan="2" | 7
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 18 || 21 || 25 || 28 || 30
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The MK20-1 comes with 2 belts, DM51A1 and DM43. Your primary belt should be DM43 as it contains 3 HVAP rounds for 1 HEI-T round in the belt. While the DM51A1 can be used to destroy extremely light or open-topped vehicles with the HEI-T rounds in the belt. Players are also able to utilize the MK20-1 to shoot at low-flying aircraft, however this should be a last resort due to the poor vertical traverse and poor turret rotation speed of the gun. It is to be noted that the autocannon cannot switch belts immediately like on the [[Marder IFV (Family) | Marder IFV]]s due to the lack of a dual feed system, so caution is to be exercised when firing the gun with a loose trigger finger.

* '''DM51A1:''' {{Annotation|HEFI-T*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}
* '''DM43:''' {{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}

{{:MK20-1 (20 mm)/Ammunition|HVAP-T, HEFI-T*}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''5''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M8C (12.7 mm)}}

The SPz 12-3 LGS is also equipped with a spotting machine gun attached to the recoilless rifle. Due to the gun's fixed mount and very low ammunition count per clip, it is only useful for knocking down fences or killing exposed crew in case the 20 mm autocannon is unavailable.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M8C (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M8C]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 120 (5) || 300 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The SPz 12-3 LGS is a versatile ambusher with many tools available to it. Think of the vehicle as a Swiss Army Knife of sorts - it has various tools at its disposal that let it perform many things despite its other shortcomings. It may not be the best choice for every map or situation, but on most maps it can offer at least some kind of strength in its role respective to other vehicles in your lineup.

The armour is probably the weakest aspect of the vehicle, something which is painfully obvious for all vehicles on similar hulls. The HS.30 was the world's first IFV, and as such the pioneering nature of the vehicle in the field does little to help your survivability on the battlefield. More akin to APCs of the time like the [[M113 (Family)|M113 Armoured Personnel Carrier]] than the [[BMP (Disambiguation)|BMP]]s or [[Marder IFV (Family)|Marder IFV]]s in armour, your best survival tactic is to just avoid enemy fire entirely. The vehicle's low profile thankfully helps with this a lot, letting you use low mounds or roads as basic cover in times of need. Try and position yourself so that the vehicle can reverse out to get your gun on target, which also allows you to scoot off quickly after firing to evade return fire completely.

Mobility is slightly disappointing, with the vehicle sporting a HP/ton between that of the Tiger and Panther at around 13.75 HP/ton, which is surprisingly low considering the modified and improved [[JPz 4-5|Kanonenjagdpanzer]] hull has a HP/ton of near 20. This means that the SPz 12-3 LGS won't be leading the vanguard to the enemy frontlines; rather, you will be moving alongside your medium and heavy tanks as the second line of defense. As such, it is important to keep in mind that the best ambushing positions are likely to already have been taken by both your enemy and your own team's light vehicles. Playing slightly more laid-back also helps as your reload is slower than average, so this lets you retreat safely without the threat of being run over.

Firepower is the real standout of the vehicle - if you could call it that. The 106 mm Recoilless Rifle is hard to master at ranges past a few hundred meters, but it also has fairly good damage, causes overpressure easily on open top vehicles and the arcing trajectory sometimes enables shots that would be troublesome with contemporary tank guns. The 20 mm autocannon also allows you to knock down terrain obstructions on the map - something its similar cousins such as the [[FIAT 6614]] or [[Type 60 SPRG (C)]] noticeably lack - while also letting you conserve ammunition / act as a fallback against light vehicles and the occasional plane. The cannon can also be used to disable an enemy's tracks or barrel when retreating, and the 106 mm can launch over small hills as enemies try and push up to overrun you. The long reload and sometimes inconsistent spalling of the HEAT round are, however, downsides you should keep in mind at all times.

Overall, while the vehicle isn't the most versatile, it is still a surprisingly capable vehicle that overcomes a fair few problems similar vehicles of its type have. It does noticeably lose out on ''some'' areas, for example size and gun angles for the Type 60 and mobility for the FIAT 6614, but the 20 mm autocannon turret and low profile generally lend itself well to ambush plays. Some tricks, like positioning the gun to one side and reversing out a mild incline to 'shoot'n scoot', can add to the versatility of the vehicle, but at the end of the day the SPz 12-3 LGS performs best on fairly close quarters, shrub-free maps. Hiding behind concrete piles with the gun just barely sticking out, shooting a critically damaging shot before scooting off to another position on the map, you can be a thorn in the enemy's side and cause all sorts of problems when masterfully played. Just remember at all times that your gun may not deal a one-hit kill all the time, and that if you do miss your armour is lacking and your gun's reload fairly long, and the vehicle will allow some very unique playstyles for the German tree.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 106 mm recoilless rifle can effortlessly cleave through enemy armour with HEAT
* 20 mm MK20-1 autocannon will shred and destroy lightly-armoured vehicles, aircraft and enemy track/barrels
* 20 mm cannon also lets you destroy shrubs and fences, clearing the way for your main gun
* The recoilless rifle is lifted high above the vehicle, allowing the vehicle to exploit positions that can cover the entire vehicle while having the gun sticking out, usually to one side
* Hull is very small and low to the ground
* 106 mm recoilless rifle has a staggering 17° of gun depression and 65° of elevation

'''Cons:'''

* Poor survivability against anything above light MG fire
* The 20 mm MK20-1 cannon has a sluggish traverse rate, limiting effectiveness against aircraft
* 106 mm recoilless rifle rounds have poor muzzle velocity and high shell drop
* Bushes and fences can catch the 106 mm HEAT rounds if unattended to with the 20 mm
* Reload is fairly lengthy, can be very punishing
* Somewhat low ammunition count of 17 rounds

== History ==

Anti-tank modifications on the Swiss-developed HS.30 armoured personnel carriers began to be introduced to the Bundeswehr in 1966. They were built as the long-chassis APC SPz 12-3 (SPz lg) with a roof-mounted rotary mount with an American M40A1 106mm recoilless rifle. This modification was a fighting vehicle with 5 men crew to control both the 20-mm automatic gun and anti-tank rifle. Since 1971, the anti-tank SPz 12-3 vehicles have been gradually withdrawn from the regular formations of the German army and replaced with the Marder infantry fighting vehicles. A small batch of SPz 12-3 was handed over to the Peruvian army, the rest of the vehicles were dismantled, used as targets at training grounds, or placed in museums.

- ''From [[wt:en/news/8363-development-battle-pass-vehicles-spz-12-3-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_spz_12_3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|d1SLIe-9Vmc|'''The Shooting Range #367''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:24 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|9emoh5qAlO4|'''Battle Pass: Armour Breaking Ambusher''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 2:37 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Schutzenpanzer Lang (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8363-development-battle-pass-vehicles-spz-12-3-en|[Devblog] Battle Pass vehicles: SPz 12-3]]

{{Germany light tanks}}
{{Germany premium ground vehicles}}

Skink

2024-11-23T22:04:59Z

U44629479: Added About template

{{About
| about = British SPAA '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the American version
| link = Skink (USA)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_skink_aa
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The Canadian Army requested a self-propelled anti-aircraft utilizing a 20 mm autocannon to help protect mobile units. Utilizing their local productions of M4 Shermans (known locally as "Grizzly"), work began to adapt the Grizzly to be equipped with 20 mm anti-aircraft guns in March 1943. A prototype design was ready by January 1944, and in February the design was designated as the '''Skink'''. However, later in the year, the Skink production was cancelled due to lack of orders from the Allied partners, leaving with only 3 prototype models produced. One Skink was sent to Great Britain for evaluation, eventually sent it to combat theater and saw limited use.

Introduced in [[Update "Drone Age"]], the memetic Skink does bring some beneficial design choices to the British tech tree. Its enclosed turret has decent armour, protecting the crew from strafing aircraft and the M4 Sherman hull gives decent protection against other tanks. The four 20 mm Polsten guns also improve the chance of hitting aircraft, compared to the two on the Crusader AA. The downside in this firepower is that each gun only has a 30-round magazine, so it is best only in bursts rather than in sustained firing. While the Skink never got a chance to shoot down an enemy aircraft during World War II, players would have the chance to light up the skies to shoot down enemy pilots.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

Overall, the Skink offers a protection similar to the Sherman. Based on the Sherman itself, only the turret offers a lower protection than its medium tank cousin. Compared to SPAAs at this rank, this will offer a much higher survivability thanks to the armour thickness close to a medium tank at this rank, since the crew is completely protected inside the tank. The roof of the tank itself is still fairly thick and can resist 12.7 mm MG rounds from above, which makes it a rather hard target for strafing aircraft. Only heavy aircraft guns, direct rocket hits, and bombs can actually destroy it.

Against ground targets, the Skink will not be that well protected. Ar this BR, most tanks will have little difficulty penetrating this level of armour even at some distance. It would not be the best choice to fight against the ground targets. The protection remains good enough against HMGs and most 20 mm guns. Some lighter vehicles might also have difficulty to penetrate the Skink. Against vehicles at a lower battle rating, the front might be protected enough to take the hit of a 75 mm or 76.2 mm gun once in a while. The side is very flat and offers just enough protection against WW2 autocannons. Any tank gun could easily penetrate the sides.

'''Armour type:'''

* Cast homogeneous armour (hull and turret)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 50.8 mm (30-50°) ''Front Glacis'' 50.8 mm (0-34°) ''Transmission cover'' || 50.8 mm front quater 38.1 mm all the rest || 38.1 mm (13°) lower part 38.1 mm upper part || 19.5 mm
|-
| Turret ||50.8 mm (round) gun's mantle 38 - 57 mm (variable thickness) front || 38.1 mm || 25 mm|| 38 mm front half 24 mm rear half
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* 19.5 mm neck guard protect the turret transverse
* 5 mm mudgard
* 20 mm track
* 20 mm track are attached on the side of the turret

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

The Skink has mobility comparable to that of the M4 Sherman variants. It has average forward mobility, but a poor reverse gear.

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=568|rbMinHp=354}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Polsten (20 mm)}}

The 20 mm Polsten cannons have a decent rate of fire, as well as a good muzzle velocity.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Polsten (20 mm)|20 mm Polsten]] (x4) || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 1,920 (30) || rowspan="2" | 450 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+80° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 55.5 || 76.8 || 93.2 || 103.1 || 109.7 || rowspan="2" | 5.20 || rowspan="2" | 4.60 || rowspan="2" | 4.24 || rowspan="2" | 4.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 37.5 || 44.1 || 53.6 || 59.2 || 63.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}
* '''HET:''' {{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}
* '''APT:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}

{{:Polsten (20 mm)/Ammunition|HEF-I, AP-T, HEFI-T}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''64''' || 48 ''(+16)'' || 36 ''(+28)'' || 24 ''(+40)'' || 12 ''(+52)'' || 0 ''(+64)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Ammunition is modeled as 4 clips of 30 rounds each.
* 64 clips of 30 rounds represent 1,920 rounds.
* The Skink has 5 ammo racks, all stored in the hull. Every rack contains 12 clips, with an additional 4 belts already loaded in the guns when the game begins. Magazines deplete by sets of 4.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|L3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

The Skink has a single hull-mounted L3A1 machine gun. Due to its low range of traverse, as well as its lackluster damage, it is useless for dealing damage to the enemy unless they are open-topped. It is best used to clear out obstacles which may block your line of sight.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm L3A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Hull || 2,000 (250) || 500 || +15°/-5° || -10°/+5°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The Skink's anti-air capability is very good, however, at its BR, it is inadequate for taking out most ground vehicles it faces, with the exception of light tanks and other SPAA. For shooting down enemy aircraft, be sure to let them come to you, and fire only when you are confident you can land a hit. If you spray them from too far away, most aircraft will likely avoid your general location so as to not get shot down. Make sure to not let the enemy aircraft know where you are, and surprise them with a devastating burst once they come in range.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 5 crew members, difficult to knock out in one pass
* M4A1 chassis and closed turret provide protection against autocannons, HMGs, and overpressure damage from bombs and rockets
* Excellent turret traverse and elevation speed
* 4 x 20 mm cannons do excellent damage against aircraft and lightly armoured vehicles
* Short reload time
* Plenty of ammo

'''Cons:'''

* Average mobility
* Short ammo belt
* Cannons overheat quickly with continuous fire
* Poor anti-tank capabilities, can only engage lightly-armoured targets

== History ==

In May 1943, the {{annotation|G.O.C.-in-C.|General Officer Commanding-in-Chief}} of the First Canadian Army requested a vehicle be developed that had the following requirements:

# Accommodate 4 guns
# Ammunition stowage for one minute of fire
# 360° traverse at minimum 40° per second and maximum 50° per second.

The requirement for AA at the time could only be filled by using the Crusader or American AA equipment. However, the First Canadian Army did not want to use the Crusader AA, and information requests for American equipment at the time were not forthcoming. The project was assigned project number 47(DVA).

Since Canada was at the time a dominion of Great Britain, a lot of military technologies and reports were shared between them. From the beginning of development, Great Britain and the USA showed great interest in the project. Great Britain's interest was strong as development of the [[Crusader AA Mk II]] had only just began, and the War Office wanted to see which one would end up being better to procure for their forces.

On February 28th, 1944, Project No. 47(DVA) was officially reclassified and given the name "Skink". The name had been given to the tank before then, however officially it had still been named Project No. 47.

The initial idea was to make turret kits that could be fitted to Shermans; the turrets were initially going to be fitted with a quad Hispano 20 mm gun mount using 50-round boxes, though there were also plans to use a belt-fed system. During development, the armament was swapped to [[Polsten (20 mm)|Polsten]] guns, as requested by the British War Office as well as recommended by the First Canadian Army. This change of armament set back the already delayed development stage of the Skink as they had to redesign the turret to accommodate the Polsten guns.

Great Britain at this time had planned to order 130 turret kits which then turned into 130 complete Skinks; however, in August 1944, they called for a complete cancellation of their Skink orders as they became more interested in the new Grizzly tanks. Following the cancellation of British orders, the entire Skink project was stopped. At this point, only 1 Skink prototype had been completed, with 2 more partially completed - these were later completed, with one retained in Canada and the other, jointly owned by Canada and Great Britain, was sent to Britain for experimental purposes at the request of the Canadian Military Headquarters in London.

On September 5th, 1944, the Skink prototype (SK1001) arrived in Britain. During that month, the Canadian Military Headquarters also requested that a second Skink be sent. However, due to complications, the second Skink that was to be sent to the UK never left Canada. On September 8th, Canadian Military Headquarters in Great Britain were requested by the Director of the Royal Armed Corps that the Skink be sent to D.T.D. Chobham and then E.W.(G) Lulworth for firing trials. On the 11th of the same month, the Skink was released to head to Chobham. On October 9th, at Chobham, the Skink was demonstrated and went through traverse and elevation tests.

On November 1st, the Canadian army wrote to the Canadian Military Headquarters in London and stated that Great Britain agreed for the jointly-owned Skink, now in Lulworth, to be released to the European theatre for operational trials following the trials at Lulworth, as well as the formation of a unit that would use the vehicle from the Canadian First Army, named the No. 1 Tank Demonstration Unit CAC.

The crew of the vehicle and the unit they came from were as follows:

* Captain H Valle - {{Annotation|CMHQ|Canadian Military Headquarters in London}}
* A/Capt WH Marshell - 3 {{Annotation|CACRU|Canadian Armoured Corps Reinforcement Unit}}
* L54863 A/Sgt Bogden GG - 3 CACRU
* L104991 Tpr Champagne RL - 2 CACRU
* B61218 A/SSM Moore TH - 1 CACRU [Substituted for A/SGT Bisson PE before entering the theatre]
* B696338 A/SGT Bisson PE - 3 CACRU

The trials at Lulworth continued from November 1944 to January 1945. Following the trials, the director of the Royal Armoured Corps stated that there was no operational requirement for the Skink in British formations. On January 16th, the Skink was released to the 21st Army Group as part of the First Canadian Army. The Skink was deployed to the European theatre from February until the end of March when it returned to England. While in the theatre, the Skink was unable to be used in the role that it was intended for, due to the lack of aerial opposition by this point in the war. The unit only saw a single enemy aircraft, at a distance that the Skink would not have been able to engage effectively. However, the Skink was found to be effective when used against dug-in enemy infantry positions, in particular with the HEIT incendiary rounds.

The Skink (No.1001) was to be sent back to Canada and one of the Skinks in Canada sent to Great Britain as they wanted to take on the costs of a full Skink rather than 2 jointly owned Skinks. After discussions with Canadian Headquarters in Ottawa, it made more sense that they keep the Skink that was in England rather than swap them. It isn't fully known what happened to the Skinks in Canada or Great Britain after the war.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_skink_aa Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|V3yDUxFzajI|'''It's finally coming to War Thunder...''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Other Canadian ground vehicles present in the game

* [[M5A1 (5th arm.div.)]]
* [[M4A5]]
* [[QF 3.7 Ram]]
* [[C2A1]]
* [[ADATS (M113)]]
* [[Leopard 2A4M|Leopard 2A4M CAN]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7833-development-skink-the-bird-eating-lizard-en|[Devblog] Skink: The Bird-eating Lizard]]

{{Britain anti-aircraft vehicles}}

Skink (USA)

2024-11-23T22:02:37Z

U44629479: Added About template

{{About
| about = SPAA '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the British version
| link = Skink
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=us_skink_aa
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American SPAA {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Firebirds"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.''

{{tankMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Polsten (20 mm)}}

''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Polsten (20 mm)|20 mm Polsten]] (x4) || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 1,920 (30) || rowspan="2" | 450 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+80° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | - || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__
|-
! ''Realistic''
| __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}
* '''HE, 20 mm:''' {{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}
* '''AP, 20 mm:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}

{{:Polsten (20 mm)/Ammunition|HEF-I, AP-T, HEFI-T}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''64''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}

''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| || ___ (___) || ___ || __° || __°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


;Related development
* [[Skink]]

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USA anti-aircraft vehicles}}

Skink (USA)

2024-11-23T22:01:37Z

U44629479: Edits

{{Specs-Card
|code=us_skink_aa
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American SPAA {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Firebirds"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.''

{{tankMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Polsten (20 mm)}}

''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Polsten (20 mm)|20 mm Polsten]] (x4) || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 1,920 (30) || rowspan="2" | 450 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+80° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | - || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__
|-
! ''Realistic''
| __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}
* '''HE, 20 mm:''' {{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}
* '''AP, 20 mm:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}

{{:Polsten (20 mm)/Ammunition|HEF-I, AP-T, HEFI-T}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''64''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}

''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| || ___ (___) || ___ || __° || __°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


;Related development
* [[Skink]]

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USA anti-aircraft vehicles}}

2024-11-22T22:43:07Z

U44629479: Added category

[[Category:Garage images]]