War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

F-104A

2020-05-30T15:36:06Z

U42833428: Added information on 'Survivability and armour', 'Usage in battles', and 'Pros and cons'.

{{Specs-Card|code=f-104a}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Starfighters"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===

[[File:F-104A in the sunset.jpg|alt=F-104 Starfighter breaks the soundbarrier at sunset with its afterburner roaring|thumb|A F-104A Starfighter breaks the sound barrier at sunset]]
''Describes how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, maneuvrrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 10,668 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,104 || 2,079 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 32.4 || 33.0 || 190.9 || 182.9 || rowspan="2" | 1,180
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 2,350 || 833 || 444 || ~12 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 720 || < 950 || < 800 || N/A
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===

''In terms of armour, there are no armour. Since the F-104 relies on high speed, it wouldn't need armour, and armour would lessen the speed and maneuverability of the plane.''

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|M61 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 20 mm M61 cannon, chin-mounted (750 rpg)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|AIM-9B Sidewinder}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles

== Usage in battles ==

The F-104A is a high speed, high altitude fighter-bomber / interceptor. It performs well on high altitude flights meant to intercept fighters and mainly bombers at high altitudes. When the F-104A is fighting at low altitudes with a slower plane, the pilot should consider a hit and run technique to out-speed and return to the target to avoid getting shot back.

The F-104A has a decent stock turn time of 33 seconds which is the average or decent turn time of most supersonic jets on rank VI for Russian jets. The F-104A will have difficulties when trying to hit an enemy less than 1 or 2 kilometers away using the 20mm M61 cannon since this cannon will take some time to warm-up before shooting and turn fights will also be difficult due to high speed maneuvers causing an average 8 or more Gs rendering the pilot unconscious for most of the time.

Using the F-104A's M61 cannon against helicopters would be very easy since they're slow and most of the time are in constant direction and speed, while you are attacking from the side or back with speeds almost or higher than mach 1, the helicopter won't notice until you strafe at them.

Sitting at BR 9.7, it would only take a few time to be up-tiered to jets that carry both flares and more AAMs than you, since the F-104A isn't carrying any flares, you would have to rely on the planes decent maneuverability, and high speed, and maybe turn off the afterburner and maybe even the engine to reduce the incoming AAMs chance to hit the plane, always remember the insane climb rate for the plane, this means you can also face the incoming AAM at the sun even when the sun is at a steep angle, this in turn would spend more fuel since you would need to use afterburners to efficiently climb at steep angles, out-running short-range anti-air missiles are tricky since some go mach 1.7, while others go mach 2.5, do not expect all missiles to be out-runned.

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! Survivability
! colspan="2" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
|
|
| Offensive 20 mm
|
|-
| II
|
| Compressor
| Airframe
|
| AIM-9B
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
|
| New 20 mm cannons
|
|-
| IV
| G-suit
|
| Cover
|
|
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good top speed for its BR
* Great rate of climb; even the F-4 Phantom may struggle to match it
* Decent high-speed maneuverability, in spite of its tiny wings
* 20 mm Vulcan gun can really do some serious damage
* Has access to AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* Good roll rate for a jet

'''Cons:'''

* Lousy low-speed maneuverability
* Only one secondary weapon load
* Can't carry bombs
* Relatively low ammo count for the Vulcan; trigger discipline is necessary
* M61 Vulcan doesn't shoot instantly, takes less than a second to rotate
* no flares to counter AAMs
* As with most jets, it tends to bleed off speed quickly in sustained turns

== History ==

The F-104A Starfighter was the first in-service United States Air Force (USAF) fighter to fly at twice the speed of sound, and made its first flight on February 7th, 1954<ref>https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/lockheed-f-104a-starfighter/nasm_A19761017000</ref>. In [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6DV7q-ptOyQ&feature=youtu.be this video] from Lockheeed Martin's archives, the Starfighter's maiden flight can be viewed. The F-104 began being designed in November 1952, when the USAF requested a superiority day fighter<ref name=":0">https://www.airplanesofthepast.com/f104-starfighter.htm</ref>. The USAF chose Lockheed Martin's protype, with its unusually stubby straight wings, in a time when fighters had large, swept back, wings<ref name=":0" />. The first F-104A's were delivered to the 83rd Fighter-Interceptor squadron stationed at Hamilton Air Force Base on January 26, 1958, where they would break speed and altitude records<ref name=":0" />. One major record that was set by an F-104A was when Major Howard C. Johnson set a new altitude record by flying at 91,243 ft on May 7th, 1958<ref>https://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=113</ref>.

== Media ==


[[File:F-104A Starfighter Among the Stars.jpg|alt=F104A Starfighter flying with a full afterburner on a clear starry night (in-game screenshot)|left|thumb|F-104A Starfighter Among the Stars]]
{{Clear}}

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

=== References ===
<references />

{{USA jet aircraft}}

IPM1

2020-05-27T15:38:05Z

U42833428: Added a Con on 'Pros and Cons' about reverse speed.

{{Specs-Card|code=us_m1_ip_abrams}}
{{About
| about= American medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1= other vehicles of the family
| link-1= M1 Abrams (Family)
| usage-2= other uses of the designation
| link-2= M1 (Disambiguation)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''', or just '''{{Specs|pseudonym}}''', is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.81 "The Valkyries"]].

The IPM1 (Improved Performance M1) is a minor upgrade upon the protection of the [[M1 Abrams]]. This is primarily confined to improved composite protection in the turret cheeks, resulting in a slightly lengthened turret. The IPM1 maintains the same engine, weapon and other internals of the M1.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===


The IPM1 maintains the protective measures and survivability of the original M1 Abrams, with the exception of a minor increase in the levels of composite protection. The result is a notable improvement in chemical protection and a minor improvement in kinetic protection. As with its predecessor, the turret cheeks and UFP are quite effective at deflecting ATGMs and HEAT rounds with only a few exceptions (such as the ADATS' 900 mm penetration missiles). Despite the improved protection, the IPM1 is still vulnerable to turret ring, gun mantlet and lower front plate shots, and particularly powerful kinetic rounds through the turret cheeks.

The Abrams' survivability comes not from armour, but rather from the spread-out crew members and critical components, and blowout panel protecting the crew from ammunition detonation. Often this results in enemies needing to make the choice of either disabling the vehicle's mobility ''or'' its offensive ability with their initial round; allowing the Abrams either to escape further damage or fire back.

Rounds that penetrate the rear panel between the turret crew compartment and blowout compartment will negate the blowout protection, causing any potential ammunition detonation to knock the vehicle's crew out as well.

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=2058|rbMinHp=1343}}

The {{PAGENAME}} retains the same engine as the original M1 Abrams with a minor increase (+0.9t) in weight due to the armour improvements. As such, the {{PAGENAME}} suffers from a minimal reduction in top speed but will still comfortably reach 70km/h on-road. Despite the hugely powerful engine, the vehicle's manoeuvrability suffers prior to the Tracks upgrade being researched; once Tracks have been purchased the IPM1 will perform significantly better in close quarters or in off-road applications.

As with the original Abrams, the {{PAGENAME}} largely relies on its powerful engine to get it to the battlefield earlier than other vehicles and into advantageous positions.

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|M68A1 (105 mm)}}

Like its predecessor, the IPM1 is equipped with a reliable 105 mm M68A1 cannon, and also has access to the same ammunition. The 105mm cannon is somewhat sub-par relative to the weaponry other top rank vehicles are equipped with, but an experienced tanker can make use of the decent round ballistics and incredibly good reload speeds to quickly despatch targets. It's important to know what the cannon is capable of and where weak spots are on enemy vehicles, particularly when facing more modern vehicles such as the Leopard 2A5 and T-80U.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M68A1 (105 mm)|105 mm M68A1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 55 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 38.08 || 52.71 || 64.00 ||70.8
| 75.29 || rowspan="2" | 6.50 || rowspan="2" | 5.75 || rowspan="2" | 5.30 || rowspan="2" | 5.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 23.8 || 28.0 || 34.0 || 37.6 || 40.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| M393A2 || HESH || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127
|-
| M456A2 || HEATFS || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400
|-
| M735 || APFSDS || 353 || 350 || 342 || 333 || 322 || 312
|-
| M774 || APFSDS || 357 || 355 || 347 || 338 || 328 || 319
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| M393A2 || HESH || 732 || 14.85 || 0.4 || 0.1 || 4,306 || 73° || 77° || 80°
|-
| M456A2 || HEATFS || 1,173 || 10.5 || N/A || 0.1 || 1,271 || 65° || 72° || 77°
|-
| M735 || APFSDS || 1,501 || 3.7 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 76° || 77° || 80°
|-
| M774 || APFSDS || 1,509 || 3.4 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| M416 || 730 || 11.4 || 20 || 5 || 25 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
'''Last updated: 1.77.2.68'''
[[File:Ammoracks_M1Abrams.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the M1 Abrams.]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''55''' || 33 ''(+22)'' || 25 ''(+30)'' || 3 ''(+52)'' || 0 ''(+55)'' || No
|-
|}

Blowout rack only: 45 ''(+10)''

First ammo rack will replenish when not reloading



=== Machine guns ===

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M240 (7.62 mm)}}

The IPM1 is equipped with no less than three machine guns - while most often these are only valuable for clearing obstacles or tagging enemy vehicles, on occasion they might prove valuable dealing with close air support or nearby helicopters, as well as some light vehicles.

Additionally, due to the barrage of rounds produced when all three machine guns are fired simultaneously, they can sometimes be used to obstruct an enemy vehicle's gun sight simply by shooting their main gun (AB/RB) or their optics (SB)

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount
! Capacity (Belt capacity)
! Rate of fire (shots/minute)
! Vertical guidance
! Horizontal guidance
|-
| Commander's cupola || 1,000 (200) || 576 || -9°/+65° || -160°/+180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M240 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M240]]
|-
! Mount
! Capacity (Belt capacity)
! Rate of fire (shots/minute)
! Vertical guidance
! Horizontal guidance
|-
| Loader's cupola || 1,400 (200) || 750 || -9°/+65° || -77°/+135°
|-
| Coaxial || 10,000 (200) || 750 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The IPM1 should primarily rely on its speed and reload time to quickly despatch enemies and move back into cover. Where possible, make flanking maneuvers or use the Abrams' mobility to get into forward positions with the intention to catch unsuspecting targets off. Be aware, however, that the Abrams is only marginally faster than vehicles like the Leopard 2K and T-80U.

When forced into open or ranged engagements, use cover to protect your hull; while the turret may provide insufficient protection keeping the hull safe will often allow you to move back into cover if hit or damaged and repair or relocate, rather than losing your mobility and ability to escape.

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Mobility
! Protection
! colspan="3" | Firepower
|-
| I
| Tracks
|
| Parts
| Horizontal Drive
| M393A2
|
|-
| II
| Suspension
| Brake System
| FPE
| Adjustment of Fire
| M416
| Smoke grenade
|-
| III
| Filters
|
| Crew Replenishment
| Elevation Mechanism
| NVD
|
|-
| IV
| Transmission
| Engine
| ESS
| Artillery Support
| Laser rangefinder
| M774
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Composite armour in turret cheeks and UFP are capable of stopping all but the most powerful chemical rounds and ATGMs
* Has a very fast reload, 6.5 seconds stock down to 5.0 seconds aced
* Very powerful engine, high top speed and good acceleration characteristics
* Extremely good reverse speed
* Fast turret traverse
* Extremely fast gun elevation/depression
* Well spread crew and critical components result in good survivability
* Blowout compartment can save crew from some ammunition detonation cases
* Array of machine guns, effective against CAS, nearby helicopters and some light vehicles

'''Cons:'''

* Armour provides suboptimal kinetic protection
* The 105mm APFSDS rounds aren't particularly powerful; may struggle to penetrate some modern targets
* Extra armour reduces top speed and acceleration
* Extremely vulnerable gun mantlet and turret ring
* Turbine engine is extremely loud, often audible from long distance and can be used to discern the direction of the vehicle
* Has the slowest reverse speed of (36km/h RB) out of all Abrams with (41km/h RB).

== History ==


=== Development: M1 ===

With the cancellation of the MBT-70/XM-803 program in 1971, a new program to research and create prototypes for a main battle tank was created in 1972 known as the Main Battle Tank Task Force (MBTTF) at Fort Knox. General Motors and Chrysler were eventually selected to submit drafts and designs and by the end of 1973 there were scale mock-ups of the XM1 prototypes. The design was featured around the previously used 105 mm M68 gun along with a high powered engine for increased mobility.<ref name="Hunnicut1" /> It was decided to explore new types of composite armour, and the Chobham armour being developing in Britain at the time was examined although it was not used in the XM1 prototypes.<ref name="Hunnicut2" /> The XM1 was tested in 1976, and by the end of the year Chrysler was chosen to create extensive engineering test vehicles.<ref name="Hunnicut3" />

Testing of the Full Scale Engineering Development (FSED) prototypes took place in 1978 and 1979 with 11 vehicles being produced. By this time the Honeywell AGT-1500 gas turbine engine was installed. After successful modifications and testing, initial production was approved in 1979 for a series of 110 units.<ref name="Hunnicut4" /> Following more testing and finalization, production of the standardized '''105 mm Gun Tank, M1''' Abrams was approved in 1981, with the production run lasting until January 1985 and over 2,300 vehicles being made.<ref name="Hunnicut5" />

=== Development: IPM1 ===

The '''105 mm Gun Tank M1, Improved Performance''' was a modification of the original M1 Abrams tank that was produced between October 1984 through May 1986 with a total of 894 vehicles being produced. The changes made to create the Improved Performance models were taken from the ongoing Block I development program for the M1 Abrams, which would eventually produce the M1A1. Additional NERA armour protection in the turret was added, an upgraded suspension and changes to the transmission gears all added substantial weight and the maximum speed was reduced from 45 to 41.5 mph (72.4 to 67.8 km/h). In addition, more stowage racks were added to the turret, which was elongated to fit the additional composite armour arrays.<ref name="Hunnicut6" />

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|5hWb_841D7w|'''The Shooting Range #119''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 06:57 discusses the IPM1. - ''Tactics & Strategy'' section at 09:41 discusses how to defeat the IPM1.}}

== See also ==


* [[M1 Abrams]] - Predecessor without the "Improved Performance" upgrades.

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5782-development-to-minnesota-for-the-abrams-en|[Devblog] To Minnesota for the “Abrams”]]
* Hunnicut, R.P. ''Abrams: A History of the American Main Battle Tank.'' Novato: Presidio Press, 1990.

== References ==
<references>
<ref name="Hunnicut1">R.P. Hunnicut, "Abrams: A History of the American Main Battle Tank" (Novato: Presidio Press, 1990), pp. 161-162.</ref>
<ref name="Hunnicut2">''Ibid.,'' pp. 176-177.</ref>
<ref name="Hunnicut3">''Ibid.,'' p. 181.</ref>
<ref name="Hunnicut4">''Ibid.,'' pp. 195-202.</ref>
<ref name="Hunnicut5">''Ibid.,'' p. 216.</ref>
<ref name="Hunnicut6">''Ibid.,'' p. 230.</ref>
</references>

{{USA medium tanks}}

M247

2020-05-27T05:24:32Z

U42833428: Changed 'Pros and Cons' due to new update where search and tracking radar can now be retracted.

{{Specs-Card|code=us_m247}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a Rank {{Specs|rank}} American self-propelled anti-aircraft gun {{Battle-rating|1}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.81 "The Valkyries"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

'''Armour type:'''

*Cast homogeneous armour (Hull)
*Rolled homogeneous armour (Rear (low), Roof, Turret)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 85-200 mm (59-74°) ''Front glacis'' 63-200 mm (13-60°) ''Lower glacis'' || 76 mm (8-43°) ''Front'' 51 mm (0-43°) ''Rear'' || 35 mm (26-32°) ''Top'' 25 mm (61-62°) ''Bottom'' || 57 mm
|-
| Turret || 25.4 mm (15-76°) ''Turret front (Upper)'' 12.7 mm (40-69°) ''Turret front (Lower)'' 25.4 mm (0-87°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 12.7-25.4 mm (0-19°) ''Upper'' 12.7 mm (40-69°) ''Lower'' || 12.7 mm (18°) || 12.7 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 38 mm in the front and 25 mm in the rear.

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 1065|rbMinHp= 663|}}

The {{PAGENAME}}'s turret is installed on the hull of an [[M48A1|M48 medium tank]], because of this they have roughly similar mobility. The {{PAGENAME}} is about 3 tons heavier than the M48A1 (49.3 tons vs. 46.4 tons), and has a slightly weaker engine, which translates into a slightly more sluggish machine compared to the M48A1. The M48A1 has a max engine power of 810 hp, while the {{PAGENAME}}'s engine power is 750 hp. For a vehicle this heavy, it has fairly good mobility. When spaded, it can comfortably hit a top speed of 45 km/h on flat terrain, while in cross-country you will have a top speed of around 25 km/h. While going backwards, the top speed is somewhat less impressive: about -9 km/h.

== Armaments ==

{{main|Bofors L/70 (40 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Bofors L/70 (40 mm)|40 mm M266 Automatic Cannon]] (x2)
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity each)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="3" | 560 (280) || 300 || -5°/+85° || ±180°
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! style="width:4em" |Mode
! style="width:4em" |Stock
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || 52.8 || ? || ? || ? || ?
|-
| ''Realistic'' || 35.7 || ? || ? || ? || ?
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| 6.5 || ? || ? || ?
|-
|}

=== Ammunition ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 90°'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| M811 || HEFI-T* || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5
|-
| M822 || HEFI-T* || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5
|-
| 40 mm AP-T || AP-T || 93 || 90 || 77 || 62 || 51 || 41
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| M811 || HEFI-T* || 1100 || 0.87 || 0.2 || 0.1 || 255 || +0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| M822 || HEFI-T* || 1100 || 0.87 || 0.2 || 0.1 || 185 || +0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 40 mm AP-T || AP-T || 1030 || 0.88 || N/A || N/A || N/A || -1° || 48° || 69° || 79°
|-
|}

===Belt types===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
| style="width: 8%" | '''Belts'''
| style="width: 20%" | '''Shell composition'''
| '''Combat usage'''
|-
| ''Default'' || HEFI-T* / AP-T || align="left" | Good general ammunition, a hit on an aircraft typically means its destruction while still enough to do damage to armoured ground vehicles, especially if it shoots into the side of an enemy tank (weaker armour). Good to start with until comfortable with other types of ammunition.
|-
|''40 mm AP-T'' || AP-T / AP-T / AP-T / HEFI-T* || align="left" | Very powerful ammunition which can be used against ground targets with significantly more penetration than other 35-40 mm AP-T projectiles. Will easily destroy any target with side shots even outside the point-blank range and can destroy lighter targets and weak spots from the front even against main battle tanks.
|-
|''M811'' || HEFI-T* / HEFI-T* / HEFI-T* / AP-T || align="left" | "Poor man's anti-air ammunition." Unlike the M822 shells these require direct hits to do significant damage, but if problems are experienced with M822 detonating too early this belt may be your best choice.
|-
|''M822'' || HEFI-T* / HEFI-T* / AP-T || align="left" | Proximity-fused shells that absolutely obliterate aircraft when they make contact, though if they detonate too early, they will do little to no damage. Somewhat unreliable in if they detonate within range of the target, but when they do the target will quickly take considerable damage if not destroyed. The only ammunition for self-propelled anti-aircraft guns that which can cause enough shrapnel damage to bring down planes and helicopters even with near misses. This round should be the go-to anti-air ammunition, although the M811 is a good backup if the M822 is problematic for the gunner.
|}

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Tier
! colspan="2" |Mobility
!Protection
! colspan="3" |Firepower
|-
|I
|Tracks||
|Parts
|Horizontal Drive||M811||
|-
|II
|Suspension||Brake System
|FPE
|Adjustment of Fire||40 mm AP-T||
|-
|III
|Filters||
|Crew Replenishment
|Elevation Mechanism||Smoke grenade||NVD
|-
|IV
|Transmission||Engine
|
|Laser rangefinder||Artillery support||M822
|}

== Pros and cons ==


'''Pros:'''

* Twin stabilized 40 mm M266 cannon (L/70 40 mm Bofors) have a much higher rate of fire compared to the M42 Duster: Deadlier and more accurate
* Large ammunition count ensures that you will have plenty to fire throughout a match without fear of running out of ammo mid-game
* Has access to 12 x 66 mm smoke grenades, perfect for exiting a dangerous situation
* The M822 ammunition is proximity fused and will detonate if the projectile passes close enough to the target
* The 40 mm's pose a serious threat to lightly-armoured vehicles
* Uses the M48 Patton's hull (armour included) = one of the best-protected SPAA in the game
* Benefits in realistic battles from aim-assistance thanks to the radar
* Has access to night-vision devices for use in night battles
* Large radar sweep range to easily spot targets, as well as a large radar lock-on marker in its scope
* Can retract and extend both search and tracking radars

'''Cons:'''

* As with all high-rank SPAA, the M247 has very thin turret armour; a shell strike could instantly end the vehicle
** Turret is also vulnerable to strafing aircraft + rockets
*Armour advantages of the hull are nullified due to the inclusion of the Hull Break mechanic of the turret
*No thermal sights

== History ==


The M247 "Sergeant York" was designed in the late 1970's as a purpose-built SPAAG. It was designed to fight alongside the [[M1 Abrams]] and [[M3 Bradley|M2/M3 Bradley]], in order to provide cover against aircraft. There were other SPAA vehicles in service at the time; these were the [[M163|M163 Vulcan]] and the MIM-72/M48 Chaparral. The former being a 20 mm rotary cannon mounted on an armored personnel carrier, and the latter being a heavily modified armored personnel carrier chassis with a surface-to-air missile launcher. Neither of those two vehicles were designed as SPAA's, and so, did not have the necessary performance to be adequate at their job. The M247 was designed as a replacement for both of the previous vehicles.

Designs from a multitude of companies were entered into the competition. Only two were selected for testing: the Ford XM-247 with twin Bofors 40mm cannons and the General Dynamics XM-246 with twin Oerlikon 35mm cannons. The two prototypes were tested, and the XM-247 was selected as the winner, although the XM-246 had outscored it in all the shooting tests. The M247, as it was soon designated, ran into many problems. The radar was extremely deficient; it had a hard time distinguishing trees from planes, and if the guns were pointed too high, they would get in the radar's way and confuse it even more. In addition, it took too long for the radar to pick up a target and for the guns to actually take aim. In addition, the turret traverse speed was much too slow, the vehicle it's self was too sluggish to keep up the M1's and M2's, and it was unreliable in cold weather. Eventually, the program was cancelled after more testing, where it was proven the system could not even shoot down stationary drones. There was still a need for an anti-aircraft vehicle that could keep up with modern vehicles, so Oerlikon Canada created the [[ADATS]] anti-aircraft missile system. This was not as successful as hoped, and was only accepted into Canadian service. The void was eventually filled by the M6 Linebacker, an M2 Bradley with Stinger missiles instead of TOW missiles. The Linebacker was capable of keeping up with modern armored forces, which was the reason for its acceptance, even though the Stingers were not as effective as the ADATS missiles<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M247_Sergeant_York</ref>.

== Media ==

[https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?q=#m247 '''Skins''' and '''camouflages''' for the M247 Sergeant York from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


* [[M48A1|M48A1 Patton]]
* [[M42|M42 Duster]]
* [[M163|M163 Vulcan]]
* [[ADATS]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5714-development-tam-and-m247-sergeant-york-en|[Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> TAM and M247 Sergeant York]]
* "[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M247_Sergeant_York|M247 Sergeant York]", ''Wikipedia.org'', Accessed on 24 March 2020.

{{USA anti-aircraft vehicles}}
<references />

UH-1C

2020-05-15T18:49:03Z

U42833428: Added information on 'Flight performance', 'Survivability and armour', 'Usage in battles', and 'Pros and cons'.

{{Specs-Card|code=uh_1c}}
{{About
| about = American utility helicopter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = UH-1 (Family)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American utility helicopter {{Battle-rating}}. This helicopter was introduced in [[Update_1.81_"The_Valkyries"|Update 1.81 "The Valkyries"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight Performance ===
''Describes how the aircraft behaves in the air. Maximum speed, maneuverability, speed and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" |Characteristics
|-
! rowspan="2" |Condition
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at ?,000
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
|-
! AB
! RB
|-
|Stock
| ~200 km/h || ~220 km/h || rowspan="2" | 5,900 m
|-
|Upgraded
| ~220 km/h || ~240 km/h
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
Helicopters have a unique role on the battlefield and fitting them with armour is not as easy as it is on a tank or on a jet. The helicopter's setup is such that it must take off and land vertically, hover and fly and as the aircraft gets heavier, bigger and heavier equipment are needed to balance until you are left with a massive helicopter which cannot fly or do its intended mission. The Huey balances this out with a vehicle which can maneuver as needed and carry a decent payload whether people or weapon systems.

The UH-1C does not fly with any protective armour or bullet-proof glass, which if installed would decrease the UH-1's ability to complete its mission. As such, the pilot must take this into account and fly the helicopter accordingly. Bull rushing right into the middle of a battlefield usually ends with disastrous results as the without armour, the Huey has nothing but thin metal fuselage coverings to protect the crew and vital equipment. The engine, transmission, main rotor and tail rotors are all exposed to fire from missiles, rockets, cannons and even small caliber machine guns. The pilot must be aware of their surrounds and work to fight from the enemy vehicles blind spots or weak sides, because a burning and crashed helicopter only pads the enemies' score-count. Pick and choose your battles to preserve the helicopter.

But the "thin metal fuselage" is still a "metal", it would provide minor, temporary protection for the interior modules (i.e. Fuel, Transmission, Engine, Crew, etc...). This means that calibers that are 7.62mm and below could potentially be stopped by the fuselage for a few several hundred shots until the fuselage starts giving warning when it slowly becomes yellow or orange.

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|M129 (40 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance after unlocking the tier II Weaponry module '''M129''':

* 1 x M129 40 mm Grenade Launcher (150 RPG)

The {{PAGENAME}} can be outfitted with the nose turreted M129 Grenade Launcher after researching and purchasing the tier II Weaponry module M129. The M129 is a grenade launcher which can fire 40 mm grenade shells at the rate of 400 rounds per minute with a muzzle velocity of 850 ft/s (260 m/s). An upgrade from the old M75 and redesigned, the torque produced from firing the weapon was eliminated and recoil was greatly reduced. To ensure safe operation of the M129, when the trigger finger releases the firing trigger, the launcher automatically recenters itself and points forward (safe position) before firing can be resumed.

The ammunition used is a 40 x 53 mm high-velocity grenade, the default in War Thunder is the high explosive anti-tank grenade (HEATGR). Rounds from this launcher are good at peppering lightly armoured vehicles, vehicles with open crew tops and heavier armoured vehicles which may have weak spots to exploit.
=== Suspended armament ===
''Describe the aircraft's suspended armament: additional cannons under the wings, bombs, rockets and torpedoes. This section is especially important for bombers and attackers. If there is no suspended weaponry remove this subsection.''

==Usage in battles==
''The UH-1C is a utility helicopter, therefore not built for speed, protection, and maneuverability, so instead the pilot must rely heavily on medium to long range engagement''s using its AGM-22 or the BGM-71 I-TOW missiles. The typical tactic of the AH-1G where the pilot doesn't have access to AGMs leaves them no choice but to go directly near or behind the front line will prove hard for the UH-1C, since the UH-1C is not maneuverable and fast enough to do it, but if the pilot hasn't unlocked the AGMs yet, the pilot doesn't have a choice but to temporarily bring back the AH-1G tactics until the AGMs are unlocked.

If using the AGMs, it is better to be more than 1 kilometer away from the target to avoid small arms fire (7.62mm) especially tanks armed with 12.7mm guns, and also try to be hidden in a place where you can look, shoot-through then hide again as modern MBTs are capable of helicopter engagements such as the Soviet/Russian tanks that are armed with ATGMs that are designed to shoot down helicopters of all kinds efficiently and with precision. Keep in mind that the UH-1Cs AGMs have very limited range yet 3kms is an already decent range, but below average. the AGM-22 is subsonic that only travels 190m/s or mach 0.55, this means it will take more than 5 seconds to reach a target from 2 to 3 kilometers away, but if you're using the faster and slightly powerful BGM-71 I-TOW if would only take less than 7 seconds to finally destroy a target 3 kilometers away. SPAAGs that are only armed with 20 to 40mm auto-cannons and target-tracking modules will also have a hard time targeting you from 2 to 3 kilometers if you're on evasive maneuvers, most SPAAGs are also hull breakable from the turret and can be targeted safely from 2.5 to 3 kilometers away if it hasn't detected you on radar or visual range.

===Modules===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="1" | Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! colspan="1" | Survivability
! colspan="3" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Compressor
|
| Flak jacket
| Gun pod XM-18
| XM159
|
|-
| II
|
|
| Helicopter frame
|
| M156 AGM
| M129
|-
| III
| Engine
| Replacing helicopter blades
|
| New 7 mm MGs
|
|
|-
| IV
|
|
| Cover
| Gun pod XM-21
| TOW
| New 40 mm cannons
|-
|}

===Pros and cons===
'''Pros:'''

* Same pros as the UH-1B
* Faster and slightly more penetration AGMs than UH-1B

*

'''Cons:'''

* Same cons as the UH-1B
* Only upgrade was the faster BGM-71 I-TOW AGMs

*

== History ==

The United States Army identified in 1952 a need for a new general utility helicopter which could also serve as medical evacuation (MEDEVAC) and instrument training helicopter too. The current inventory of helicopters had several flaws which the Army wanted to overcome including being too large, underpowered or extremely complex to maintain. The Army wanted a workhorse that was easy to maintain and have a fairly small profile. Twenty companies participated in the bidding process and in 1955, Bell Helicopter was selected to build three copies of the Model 204 for evaluation, and this version was designated XH-40 (Experimental Helicopter-40).

The XH-40 was built with the Lycoming YT52-L-1 (LTC1B-1) turbo engine helicopter, the first non-piston helicopter tested by the military and first flew in 1956. Even before the prototype had flown, the Army put in an order for six YH-40 service test aircraft in which they could field test to determine how it would work under military unit operations. Proving successful, Bell was awarded a contract to build another 100 helicopters which were designated HU-1A (Helicopter Utility-1A) and hence was officially named "Iroquois". Iroquois ended up being a mouthful for people to say, so a nickname developed from the HU-1 designation which ended up being pronounced as "Huey" and stuck. In September 1962, the Department of Defense changed up the aircraft identification system to streamline between all of the different aircraft and their variations and changed the HU-1 to UH-1 (Utility Helicopter-1). Even with the change, the official Army name and the new DOD designation was rarely used as Huey was so well recognised as the name, that is what was to most people.

Unfortunately, with all of the positive feedback received for the YH-40, service tests performed by the Army found the T53-L-1A engine was found to be underpowered and could not perform to the level that was needed. Bell proposed to swap the T53-L-1A engine with the T53-L-5 engine, upping the shaft horsepower from 770 to 960 (570 kW to 720 kW) and extended the cabin to accommodate more people, up to 7 passengers or four stretchers and a medical attendant. The first production of the new helicopter UH-1B was delivered for service in 1961.

Several aerodynamic deficiencies of an armed UH-1B was explicitly identified not having enough engine power to lift the necessary weapons systems. The UH-1C was developed to overcome these problems by upgrading the helicopter with the T53-L-11 engine which had 1,100 shaft horsepower or 820 kW. The UH-1B helicopters which were in the service of the Army at the time were also upgraded with the new engine. Several adjustments were made to the UH-1C which included a new rotor-system, however, like many things which are upgraded, domino effect also requires other components and modules also to be updated. A larger diameter rotor was installed to counter blade stall during dives which required the tail boom to be extended and larger synchronized elevators to be added. While operating in military operations, it was determined necessary to add a redundant hydraulic control system to allow for continued operation in the event of a failure in one system. Larger fuel tanks allowed for further range with the total useful load capacity topping out at 4,673 lbs (2,120 kg). Mid-1966 saw the line production of the fully upgraded UH-1C helicopter.

Huey model 204 helicopters were a huge success and were put to use in several different capacities. However, the Army wanted another version which facilitated the carrying of more troops which spawned the Model 205. Bell adjusted by extending the HU-1B’s fuselage by a total of 41 in (104 cm), boxed in the transmission and was able to add four more seats, two on each side of the transmission box facing out the side doors. With the side doors being easily removable, options to fly without doors made for quick loading and unloading of the helicopter which could now accommodate 15 persons, including the crew and could now hold six stretchers and a medic. First flown in 1961, the 205 took on many of the same upgrades as the UH-1C including the T53-L-11 which enabled usage of multiple types of fuel. Prototypes of this helicopter were designated YUH-1D, and the final assembly line aircraft was called the UH-1D.

This helicopter while still under evaluation the Army sent it to Vietnam in 1962 where it began operations. Initially only required as a general utility, MEDEVAC, and an instrument trainer, this helicopters role also expanded to include but not limited to air assault, cargo transport, search and rescue, electronic warfare and eventually ground attack.

During the Vietnam War, the UH-1 earned several other nicknames other than "Huey" which quickly identified to troops what role the helicopter had been outfitted for. Gunship versions of the UH-1s were identified as "Frogs" or "Hogs" if they carried rockets while if they just carried guns, they were identified as "Cobras". Troop transport versions were called "Slicks" due to weapon pods being absent on the external pylons while they did retain their door gunners. Later in the war from 1967 to 1968, the gunship Huey’s were replaced by the new [[AH-1G|AH-1]] attack helicopters.

== Media ==


;Images
<div><ul>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:UH-1C WTWallpaper 001.jpg |thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:UH-1C WTWallpaper 002.jpg |thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:UH-1C WTWallpaper 003.jpg |thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:UH-1C WTWallpaper 004.jpg |thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:UH-1C WTWallpaper 005.jpg |thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:UH-1C WTWallpaper 006.jpg |thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:UH-1C WTWallpaper 007.jpg |thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
</ul></div>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|6QZAY1EtkFU|'''The Shooting Range #110''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 01:01 discusses the UH-1 Huey.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://warthunder.com/en/news/5708-development-uh-1-and-mi-4-early-birds-en [Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> UH-1 and Mi-4: Early Birds]

{{AirManufacturer Bell}}
{{USA helicopters}}

UH-1B

2020-05-15T18:28:51Z

U42833428: Added information on 'Flight Performance', 'Usage in Battles', and 'Pros & Cons'

{{Specs-Card|code=uh_1b}}
{{About
| about = American utility helicopter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = UH-1 (Family)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a Rank {{Specs|rank}} American utility helicopter {{Battle-rating}}. This helicopter was introduced in [[Update_1.81_"The_Valkyries"|Update 1.81 "The Valkyries"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight Performance ===
''Describes how the aircraft behaves in the air. Maximum speed, maneuverability, speed and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="40%"
|-
! colspan="4" | Characteristics
|-
! rowspan="2" | Condition
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at ?,?00 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
|-
! AB
! RB
|-
| ''Stock'' || ~240 km/h || ~200 km/h || rowspan="2" |5,900 m
|-
| ''Upgraded'' || ~260 km/h || ~220 km/h
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===

Helicopters have a unique role on the battlefield and fitting them with armour is not as easy as it is on a tank or on a jet. The helicopter's setup is such that it must take off and land vertically, hover and fly and as the aircraft gets heavier, bigger and heavier equipment are needed to balance until you are left with a massive helicopter which cannot fly or do its intended mission. The Huey balances this out with a vehicle which can manoeuvre as needed and carry a decent payload whether people or weapon systems.

The {{PAGENAME}} does not fly with any protective armour or bullet-proof glass, which if installed would decrease the UH-1's ability to complete its mission. As such, the pilot must take this into account and fly the helicopter accordingly. Bull rushing right into the middle of a battlefield usually ends with disastrous results as the without armour, the Huey has nothing but thin metal fuselage coverings to protect the crew and vital equipment. The engine, transmission, main rotor and tail rotors are all exposed to fire from missiles, rockets, cannons and even small calibre machine guns. The pilot must be aware of their surrounds and work to fight from the enemy vehicles blind spots or weak sides, because a burning and crashed helicopter only pads the enemies' score-count. Pick and choose your battles to preserve the helicopter.

But the "thin metal fuselage" is still a "metal", it would provide minor, temporary protection for the interior modules (i.e. Fuel, Transmission, Engine, Crew, etc...). This means that calibers that are 7.62mm and below could potentially be stopped by the fuselage for a few several hundred shots until the fuselage starts giving warning when it slowly becomes yellow or orange.

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|M129 (40 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance after unlocking the tier II Weaponry module '''M129''':

* 1 x M129 40 mm Grenade Launcher (150 RPG)

The {{PAGENAME}} can be outfitted with the nose turreted M129 Grenade Launcher after researching and purchasing the tier II Weaponry module M129. The M129 is a grenade launcher which can fire 40 mm grenade shells at the rate of 400 rounds per minute with a muzzle velocity of 850 ft/s (260 m/s). An upgrade from the old M75 and redesigned, the torque produced from firing the weapon was eliminated and recoil was greatly reduced. To ensure safe operation of the M129, when the trigger finger releases the firing trigger, the launcher automatically recenters itself and points forward (safe position) before firing can be resumed.

The ammunition used is a 40 x 53 mm high-velocity grenade, the default in War Thunder is the high explosive anti-tank grenade (HEATGR). Rounds from this launcher are good at peppering lightly armoured vehicles, vehicles with open crew tops and heavier armoured vehicles which may have weak spots to exploit.

[[File:UH-1B RAAF M134 Minigun.JPG|thumb|350x350px|A view of an '''[[M134 Minigun (7.62 mm)|M134 Minigun]]''' mated with the XM-21 flexible mount of an RAAF [[UH-1B]] Huey.]]
=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|FFAR Mighty Mouse|AGM-22|M134 Minigun (7.62 mm)}}
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 38 x FFAR Mighty Mouse Rockets (default loadout)
* 72 x FFAR Mighty Mouse Rockets (XM159 modification)
* 6 x AGM-22 missiles (M156 AGM modification)
* 2 x 7.62 mm M134 Minigun (XM-18 modification)
* 2 x 7.62 mm M134 Minigun and 38 x FFAR Mighty Mouse Rockets (XM-21 modification)

The {{PAGENAME}} is a real workhorse utility helicopter which can pack a punch with several different weapons load-outs and configurations utilising rockets, guns and missiles. Selecting a single type of weapon to fly into battle with or mixing it up will allow the pilot to mix and match as necessary for the upcoming fight. The [[M134 Minigun (7.62 mm)|M134]] with it's almost 6,000 rounds-per-minute fire were an early fixture to helicopters as they can fly low and slow allowing them to pivot on the battlefield as necessary to take out personnel and light armoured vehicles. While initially not doing much damage being rifle calibre bullets, if the enemy does not move to avoid the fire, they will start taking on more and more damage. The M134 is also good for clearing trees and exposing hiding positions of armoured vehicles providing a better shot for harder hitting weapon systems. Note that unlike the fixed forward-facing XM-18 gun pods, the XM-21 mounts for the M134 Miniguns are flexible and can be aimed almost 90° to either side, as well as nearly straight up and straight down, providing a key advantage especially when encountering enemy helicopters.

[[File:UH-1B_mightymouse.jpg|350px|thumb|right|A side view of an '''{{PAGENAME}}''' with a side mounted [[FFAR Mighty Mouse]] rocket launcher.]]Due to weight and recoil issues of autocannons, helicopters typically have a workaround which allows them to have similar firepower without the drawbacks. The {{PAGENAME}} can be outfitted with the [[FFAR Mighty Mouse]] rockets which just needed to be aimed at the target and fired. The Mighty Mouse rockets, when launched, have fins which flip out to spin-stabilise them and guide them in as straight of a path as possible without any further guidance. While a single rocket can inflict some severe damage including shooting down bomber aircraft, typically one rocket will not be enough. Effectively the rockets work like a cannon with a shotgun pattern, where they pack a punch like a cannon, but have the accuracy of a shotgun and typically requires firing off several at a time to ensure a few will hit the target. The {{PAGENAME}} can be outfitted with two amounts of the rockets, either 38 when stock or mixed with twin M134 Miniguns, or a total of 78 rockets when utilising them on both pylons. With the ability of the helicopter to swoop in and reorient towards a target in a matter of seconds, rockets can be streaking towards their target before the enemy has the chance to either notice or even swing a gun around to counter. Mighty Mouse rockets pack a punch, however, may not have enough ummph to get through some of the thicker skinned vehicles found on the battlefield.

Not without a heavy-hitter, the {{PAGENAME}} can dish out damage with unguided rockets; however, to tackle some of the armoured goliaths rolling around on the battlefield, it needs something bigger! To meet this need, six [[AGM-22]] manual to command line of sight (MCLOS) wire-guided anti-tank missiles are installed. Knowing the location of an enemy tank allows the helicopter pilot to take evasive action while setting up to fire off a missile. Using structures and terrain as a shield, the helicopter pilot can fire off a missile and then guide it to the target without being a target itself. It is vital to fire, hit and then move as a sitting helicopter makes for an easy target and while guiding a missile to the destination, the pilot can get tunnel vision and not realise inbound threats to their position.

==Usage in battles==
''The UH-1B is a utility helicopter, therefore not built for speed, protection, and maneuverability, so instead the pilot must rely heavily on medium to long range engagement''s using its AGM-22 missiles. The typical tactic of the AH-1G where the pilot doesn't have access to AGMs leaves them no choice but to go directly near or behind the front line will prove hard for the UH-1B, since the UH-1B is not maneuverable and fast enough to do it, but if the pilot hasn't unlocked the AGMs yet, the pilot doesn't have a choice but to temporarily bring back the AH-1G tactics until the AGMs are unlocked.

If using the AGM-22 missiles, it is better to be more than 1 kilometer away from the target to avoid small arms fire (7.62mm) especially tanks armed with 12.7mm guns, and also try to be hidden in a place where you can look, shoot-through then hide again as modern MBTs are capable of helicopter engagements such as the Soviet/Russian tanks that are armed with ATGMs that are designed to shoot down helicopters of all kinds efficiently and with precision. Keep in mind that the UH-1Bs AGMs have very limited range yet 3kms is an already decent range, but below average, the AGM is also subsonic that only travels 190m/s or mach 0.55, this means it will take more than 5 seconds to reach a target from 2 to 3 kilometers away. SPAAGs that are only armed with 20 to 40mm auto-cannons and target-tracking modules will also have a hard time targeting you from 2 to 3 kilometers if you're on evasive maneuvers, most SPAAGs are also hull breakable from the turret and can be targeted safely from 2.5 to 3 kilometers away if it hasn't detected you on radar or visual range.

===Modules===
{| class="wikitable"
|+[[Modifications#Helicopters|Modifications]] Matrix
! colspan="1" | Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! colspan="1" | Survivability
! colspan="3" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Compressor
|
| Flak jacket
| [[M134 Minigun (7.62 mm)|Gun pod XM-18]]
| [[FFAR Mighty Mouse|XM159]]
|
|-
| II
|
|
| Helicopter frame
|
| [[AGM-22|M156 AGM]]
| [[M129 (40 mm)|M129]]
|-
| III
| Engine
| Replacing helicopter blades
| [[Night Vision Devices|NVD]]
| New 7 mm MGs
|
|
|-
| IV
|
|
| Cover
| Gun pod XM-21
|
| New 40 mm cannons
|-
|}

===Pros and cons===


'''Pros:'''

* Varied weapon options allowing for customization to pilot's preference
* Good visibility from the cockpit
* Unlike the AH-1G, the UH-1B has AGMs
* fuselage can temporarily resist calibers that are 7.62mm and below.

'''Cons:'''

* Exposed tail rotor blades, can come into contact with objects and break
* Not built for speed
* engine and transmission frequently damaged due to lack of armour

== History ==

The United States Army identified in 1952 a need for a new general utility helicopter which could also serve as medical evacuation (MEDEVAC) and instrument training helicopter too. The current inventory of helicopters had several flaws which the Army wanted to overcome including being too large, underpowered or extremely complex to maintain. The Army wanted a workhorse that was easy to maintain and have a fairly small profile. Twenty companies participated in the bidding process and in 1955, Bell Helicopter was selected to build three copies of the Model 204 for evaluation, and this version was designated XH-40 (Experimental Helicopter-40).

The XH-40 was built with the Lycoming YT52-L-1 (LTC1B-1) turbo engine helicopter, the first non-piston helicopter tested by the military and first flew in 1956. Even before the prototype had flown, the Army put in an order for six YH-40 service test aircraft in which they could field test to determine how it would work under military unit operations. Proving successful, Bell was awarded a contract to build another 100 helicopters which were designated HU-1A (Helicopter Utility-1A) and hence was officially named "Iroquois". Iroquois ended up being a mouthful for people to say, so a nickname developed from the HU-1 designation which ended up being pronounced as "Huey" and stuck. In September 1962, the Department of Defense changed up the aircraft identification system to streamline between all of the different aircraft and their variations and changed the HU-1 to UH-1 (Utility Helicopter-1). Even with the change, the official Army name and the new DOD designation was rarely used as Huey was so well recognised as the name, that is what was to most people.

Unfortunately, with all of the positive feedback received for the YH-40, service tests performed by the Army found the T53-L-1A engine was found to be underpowered and could not perform to the level that was needed. Bell proposed to swap the T53-L-1A engine with the T53-L-5 engine, upping the shaft horsepower from 770 to 960 (570 kW to 720 kW) and extended the cabin to accommodate more people, up to 7 passengers or four stretchers and a medical attendant. The first production of the new helicopter UH-1B was delivered for service in 1961.

Several aerodynamic deficiencies of an armed UH-1B was explicitly identified not having enough engine power to lift the necessary weapons systems. The UH-1C was developed to overcome these problems by upgrading the helicopter with the T53-L-11 engine which had 1,100 shaft horsepower or 820 kW. The UH-1B helicopters which were in the service of the Army at the time were also upgraded with the new engine. Several adjustments were made to the UH-1C which included a new rotor-system, however, like many things which are upgraded, domino effect also requires other components and modules also to be updated. A larger diameter rotor was installed to counter blade stall during dives which required the tail boom to be extended and larger synchronized elevators to be added. While operating in military operations, it was determined necessary to add a redundant hydraulic control system to allow for continued operation in the event of a failure in one system. Larger fuel tanks allowed for further range with the total useful load capacity topping out at 4,673 lbs (2,120 kg). Mid-1966 saw the line production of the fully upgraded UH-1C helicopter.

Huey model 204 helicopters were a huge success and were put to use in several different capacities. However, the Army wanted another version which facilitated the carrying of more troops which spawned the Model 205. Bell adjusted by extending the HU-1B’s fuselage by a total of 41 in (104 cm), boxed in the transmission and was able to add four more seats, two on each side of the transmission box facing out the side doors. With the side doors being easily removable, options to fly without doors made for quick loading and unloading of the helicopter which could now accommodate 15 persons, including the crew and could now hold six stretchers and a medic. First flown in 1961, the 205 took on many of the same upgrades as the UH-1C including the T53-L-11 which enabled usage of multiple types of fuel. Prototypes of this helicopter were designated YUH-1D, and the final assembly line aircraft was called the UH-1D.

This helicopter while still under evaluation the Army sent it to Vietnam in 1962 where it began operations. Initially only required as a general utility, MEDEVAC, and an instrument trainer, this helicopters role also expanded to include but not limited to air assault, cargo transport, search and rescue, electronic warfare and eventually ground attack.

During the Vietnam War, the UH-1 earned several other nicknames other than "Huey" which quickly identified to troops what role the helicopter had been outfitted for. Gunship versions of the UH-1s were identified as "Frogs" or "Hogs" if they carried rockets while if they just carried guns, they were identified as "Cobras". Troop transport versions were called "Slicks" due to weapon pods being absent on the external pylons while they did retain their door gunners. Later in the war from 1967 to 1968, the gunship Huey’s were replaced by the new [[AH-1G|AH-1]] attack helicopters.

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|6QZAY1EtkFU|'''The Shooting Range #110''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 01:01 discusses the UH-1 Huey.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on helicopter;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Bell}}
{{USA helicopters}}
<references />

UH-1B

2020-05-12T06:14:18Z

U42833428: Added information about the thin metal fuselage.

{{Specs-Card|code=uh_1b}}
{{About
| about = American utility helicopter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = UH-1 (Family)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a Rank {{Specs|rank}} American utility helicopter {{Battle-rating}}. This helicopter was introduced in [[Update_1.81_"The_Valkyries"|Update 1.81 "The Valkyries"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight Performance ===
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Maximum speed, manoeuvrability, speed and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="40%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Characteristics
|-
! rowspan="2" | Condition
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at ?,?00 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
|-
! AB
! RB
|-
| ''Stock'' || ? || ? || rowspan="2" |{{Specs|ceiling}}
|-
| ''Upgraded'' || ? || ?
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===

Helicopters have a unique role on the battlefield and fitting them with armour is not as easy as it is on a tank or on a jet. The helicopter's setup is such that it must take off and land vertically, hover and fly and as the aircraft gets heavier, bigger and heavier equipment are needed to balance until you are left with a massive helicopter which cannot fly or do its intended mission. The Huey balances this out with a vehicle which can manoeuvre as needed and carry a decent payload whether people or weapon systems.

The {{PAGENAME}} does not fly with any protective armour or bullet-proof glass, which if installed would decrease the UH-1's ability to complete its mission. As such, the pilot must take this into account and fly the helicopter accordingly. Bull rushing right into the middle of a battlefield usually ends with disastrous results as the without armour, the Huey has nothing but thin metal fuselage coverings to protect the crew and vital equipment. The engine, transmission, main rotor and tail rotors are all exposed to fire from missiles, rockets, cannons and even small calibre machine guns. The pilot must be aware of their surrounds and work to fight from the enemy vehicles blind spots or weak sides, because a burning and crashed helicopter only pads the enemies' score-count. Pick and choose your battles to preserve the helicopter.

But the "thin metal fuselage" is still a "metal", it would provide minor, temporary protection for the interior modules (i.e. Fuel, Transmission, Engine, Crew, etc...). This means that calibers that are 7.62mm and below could potentially be stopped by the fuselage for a few several hundred shots until the fuselage starts giving warning when it slowly becomes yellow or orange.

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|M129 (40 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance after unlocking the tier II Weaponry module '''M129''':

* 1 x M129 40 mm Grenade Launcher (150 RPG)

The {{PAGENAME}} can be outfitted with the nose turreted M129 Grenade Launcher after researching and purchasing the tier II Weaponry module M129. The M129 is a grenade launcher which can fire 40 mm grenade shells at the rate of 400 rounds per minute with a muzzle velocity of 850 ft/s (260 m/s). An upgrade from the old M75 and redesigned, the torque produced from firing the weapon was eliminated and recoil was greatly reduced. To ensure safe operation of the M129, when the trigger finger releases the firing trigger, the launcher automatically recenters itself and points forward (safe position) before firing can be resumed.

The ammunition used is a 40 x 53 mm high-velocity grenade, the default in War Thunder is the high explosive anti-tank grenade (HEATGR). Rounds from this launcher are good at peppering lightly armoured vehicles, vehicles with open crew tops and heavier armoured vehicles which may have weak spots to exploit.

[[File:UH-1B RAAF M134 Minigun.JPG|thumb|350x350px|A view of an '''[[M134 Minigun (7.62 mm)|M134 Minigun]]''' mated with the XM-21 flexible mount of an RAAF [[UH-1B]] Huey.]]
=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|FFAR Mighty Mouse|AGM-22|M134 Minigun (7.62 mm)}}
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 38 x FFAR Mighty Mouse Rockets (default loadout)
* 72 x FFAR Mighty Mouse Rockets (XM159 modification)
* 6 x AGM-22 missiles (M156 AGM modification)
* 2 x 7.62 mm M134 Minigun (XM-18 modification)
* 2 x 7.62 mm M134 Minigun and 38 x FFAR Mighty Mouse Rockets (XM-21 modification)

The {{PAGENAME}} is a real workhorse utility helicopter which can pack a punch with several different weapons load-outs and configurations utilising rockets, guns and missiles. Selecting a single type of weapon to fly into battle with or mixing it up will allow the pilot to mix and match as necessary for the upcoming fight. The [[M134 Minigun (7.62 mm)|M134]] with it's almost 6,000 rounds-per-minute fire were an early fixture to helicopters as they can fly low and slow allowing them to pivot on the battlefield as necessary to take out personnel and light armoured vehicles. While initially not doing much damage being rifle calibre bullets, if the enemy does not move to avoid the fire, they will start taking on more and more damage. The M134 is also good for clearing trees and exposing hiding positions of armoured vehicles providing a better shot for harder hitting weapon systems. Note that unlike the fixed forward-facing XM-18 gun pods, the XM-21 mounts for the M134 Miniguns are flexible and can be aimed almost 90° to either side, as well as nearly straight up and straight down, providing a key advantage especially when encountering enemy helicopters.

[[File:UH-1B_mightymouse.jpg|350px|thumb|right|A side view of an '''{{PAGENAME}}''' with a side mounted [[FFAR Mighty Mouse]] rocket launcher.]]Due to weight and recoil issues of autocannons, helicopters typically have a workaround which allows them to have similar firepower without the drawbacks. The {{PAGENAME}} can be outfitted with the [[FFAR Mighty Mouse]] rockets which just needed to be aimed at the target and fired. The Mighty Mouse rockets, when launched, have fins which flip out to spin-stabilise them and guide them in as straight of a path as possible without any further guidance. While a single rocket can inflict some severe damage including shooting down bomber aircraft, typically one rocket will not be enough. Effectively the rockets work like a cannon with a shotgun pattern, where they pack a punch like a cannon, but have the accuracy of a shotgun and typically requires firing off several at a time to ensure a few will hit the target. The {{PAGENAME}} can be outfitted with two amounts of the rockets, either 38 when stock or mixed with twin M134 Miniguns, or a total of 78 rockets when utilising them on both pylons. With the ability of the helicopter to swoop in and reorient towards a target in a matter of seconds, rockets can be streaking towards their target before the enemy has the chance to either notice or even swing a gun around to counter. Mighty Mouse rockets pack a punch, however, may not have enough ummph to get through some of the thicker skinned vehicles found on the battlefield.

Not without a heavy-hitter, the {{PAGENAME}} can dish out damage with unguided rockets; however, to tackle some of the armoured goliaths rolling around on the battlefield, it needs something bigger! To meet this need, six [[AGM-22]] manual to command line of sight (MCLOS) wire-guided anti-tank missiles are installed. Knowing the location of an enemy tank allows the helicopter pilot to take evasive action while setting up to fire off a missile. Using structures and terrain as a shield, the helicopter pilot can fire off a missile and then guide it to the target without being a target itself. It is vital to fire, hit and then move as a sitting helicopter makes for an easy target and while guiding a missile to the destination, the pilot can get tunnel vision and not realise inbound threats to their position.

==Usage in battles==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the helicopter, the features of using vehicles in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

===Modules===
{| class="wikitable"
|+[[Modifications#Helicopters|Modifications]] Matrix
! colspan="1" | Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! colspan="1" | Survivability
! colspan="3" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Compressor
|
| Flak jacket
| [[M134 Minigun (7.62 mm)|Gun pod XM-18]]
| [[FFAR Mighty Mouse|XM159]]
|
|-
| II
|
|
| Helicopter frame
|
| [[AGM-22|M156 AGM]]
| [[M129 (40 mm)|M129]]
|-
| III
| Engine
| Replacing helicopter blades
| [[Night Vision Devices|NVD]]
| New 7 mm MGs
|
|
|-
| IV
|
|
| Cover
| Gun pod XM-21
|
| New 40 mm cannons
|-
|}

===Pros and cons===


'''Pros:'''

* Varied weapon options allowing for customisation to pilot's preference
* Good visibility from the cockpit
* Unlike AH-1G, the UH-1B has AGMs

'''Cons:'''

* Exposed tail rotor blades, can come into contact with objects and break
* Not built for speed

== History ==

The United States Army identified in 1952 a need for a new general utility helicopter which could also serve as medical evacuation (MEDEVAC) and instrument training helicopter too. The current inventory of helicopters had several flaws which the Army wanted to overcome including being too large, underpowered or extremely complex to maintain. The Army wanted a workhorse that was easy to maintain and have a fairly small profile. Twenty companies participated in the bidding process and in 1955, Bell Helicopter was selected to build three copies of the Model 204 for evaluation, and this version was designated XH-40 (Experimental Helicopter-40).

The XH-40 was built with the Lycoming YT52-L-1 (LTC1B-1) turbo engine helicopter, the first non-piston helicopter tested by the military and first flew in 1956. Even before the prototype had flown, the Army put in an order for six YH-40 service test aircraft in which they could field test to determine how it would work under military unit operations. Proving successful, Bell was awarded a contract to build another 100 helicopters which were designated HU-1A (Helicopter Utility-1A) and hence was officially named "Iroquois". Iroquois ended up being a mouthful for people to say, so a nickname developed from the HU-1 designation which ended up being pronounced as "Huey" and stuck. In September 1962, the Department of Defense changed up the aircraft identification system to streamline between all of the different aircraft and their variations and changed the HU-1 to UH-1 (Utility Helicopter-1). Even with the change, the official Army name and the new DOD designation was rarely used as Huey was so well recognised as the name, that is what was to most people.

Unfortunately, with all of the positive feedback received for the YH-40, service tests performed by the Army found the T53-L-1A engine was found to be underpowered and could not perform to the level that was needed. Bell proposed to swap the T53-L-1A engine with the T53-L-5 engine, upping the shaft horsepower from 770 to 960 (570 kW to 720 kW) and extended the cabin to accommodate more people, up to 7 passengers or four stretchers and a medical attendant. The first production of the new helicopter UH-1B was delivered for service in 1961.

Several aerodynamic deficiencies of an armed UH-1B was explicitly identified not having enough engine power to lift the necessary weapons systems. The UH-1C was developed to overcome these problems by upgrading the helicopter with the T53-L-11 engine which had 1,100 shaft horsepower or 820 kW. The UH-1B helicopters which were in the service of the Army at the time were also upgraded with the new engine. Several adjustments were made to the UH-1C which included a new rotor-system, however, like many things which are upgraded, domino effect also requires other components and modules also to be updated. A larger diameter rotor was installed to counter blade stall during dives which required the tail boom to be extended and larger synchronized elevators to be added. While operating in military operations, it was determined necessary to add a redundant hydraulic control system to allow for continued operation in the event of a failure in one system. Larger fuel tanks allowed for further range with the total useful load capacity topping out at 4,673 lbs (2,120 kg). Mid-1966 saw the line production of the fully upgraded UH-1C helicopter.

Huey model 204 helicopters were a huge success and were put to use in several different capacities. However, the Army wanted another version which facilitated the carrying of more troops which spawned the Model 205. Bell adjusted by extending the HU-1B’s fuselage by a total of 41 in (104 cm), boxed in the transmission and was able to add four more seats, two on each side of the transmission box facing out the side doors. With the side doors being easily removable, options to fly without doors made for quick loading and unloading of the helicopter which could now accommodate 15 persons, including the crew and could now hold six stretchers and a medic. First flown in 1961, the 205 took on many of the same upgrades as the UH-1C including the T53-L-11 which enabled usage of multiple types of fuel. Prototypes of this helicopter were designated YUH-1D, and the final assembly line aircraft was called the UH-1D.

This helicopter while still under evaluation the Army sent it to Vietnam in 1962 where it began operations. Initially only required as a general utility, MEDEVAC, and an instrument trainer, this helicopters role also expanded to include but not limited to air assault, cargo transport, search and rescue, electronic warfare and eventually ground attack.

During the Vietnam War, the UH-1 earned several other nicknames other than "Huey" which quickly identified to troops what role the helicopter had been outfitted for. Gunship versions of the UH-1s were identified as "Frogs" or "Hogs" if they carried rockets while if they just carried guns, they were identified as "Cobras". Troop transport versions were called "Slicks" due to weapon pods being absent on the external pylons while they did retain their door gunners. Later in the war from 1967 to 1968, the gunship Huey’s were replaced by the new [[AH-1G|AH-1]] attack helicopters.

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|6QZAY1EtkFU|'''The Shooting Range #110''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 01:01 discusses the UH-1 Huey.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on helicopter;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Bell}}
{{USA helicopters}}
<references />

UH-1B

2020-05-11T14:34:28Z

U42833428: Corrected spellings

{{Specs-Card|code=uh_1b}}
{{About
| about = American utility helicopter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = UH-1 (Family)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a Rank {{Specs|rank}} American utility helicopter {{Battle-rating}}. This helicopter was introduced in [[Update_1.81_"The_Valkyries"|Update 1.81 "The Valkyries"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight Performance ===
''Describes how the aircraft behaves in the air. Maximum speed, maneuverability, speed and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="40%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Characteristics
|-
! rowspan="2" | Condition
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at ?,?00 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
|-
! AB
! RB
|-
| ''Stock'' || ? || ? || rowspan="2" |{{Specs|ceiling}}
|-
| ''Upgraded'' || ? || ?
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===

Helicopters have a unique role on the battlefield and fitting them with armour is not as easy as it is on a tank or on a jet. The helicopter's setup is such that it must take off and land vertically, hover and fly and as the aircraft gets heavier, bigger and heavier equipment are needed to balance until you are left with a massive helicopter which cannot fly or do its intended mission. The Huey balances this out with a vehicle which can maneuver as needed and carry a decent payload whether people or weapon systems.

The {{PAGENAME}} does not fly with any protective armour or bullet-proof glass, which if installed would decrease the UH-1's ability to complete its mission. As such, the pilot must take this into account and fly the helicopter accordingly. Bull rushing right into the middle of a battlefield usually ends with disastrous results as the without armour, the Huey has nothing but thin metal fuselage coverings to protect the crew and vital equipment. The engine, transmission, main rotor and tail rotors are all exposed to fire from missiles, rockets, cannons and even small caliber machine guns. The pilot must be aware of their surrounds and work to fight from the enemy vehicles blind spots or weak sides, because a burning and crashed helicopter only pads the enemies' score-count. Pick and choose your battles to preserve the helicopter.

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|M129 (40 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance after unlocking the tier II Weaponry module '''M129''':

* 1 x M129 40 mm Grenade Launcher (150 RPG)

The {{PAGENAME}} can be outfitted with the nose turreted M129 Grenade Launcher after researching and purchasing the tier II Weaponry module M129. The M129 is a grenade launcher which can fire 40 mm grenade shells at the rate of 400 rounds per minute with a muzzle velocity of 850 ft/s (260 m/s). An upgrade from the old M75 and redesigned, the torque produced from firing the weapon was eliminated and recoil was greatly reduced. To ensure safe operation of the M129, when the trigger finger releases the firing trigger, the launcher automatically recenters itself and points forward (safe position) before firing can be resumed.

The ammunition used is a 40 x 53 mm high-velocity grenade, the default in War Thunder is the high explosive anti-tank grenade (HEATGR). Rounds from this launcher are good at peppering lightly armoured vehicles, vehicles with open crew tops and heavier armoured vehicles which may have weak spots to exploit.

[[File:UH-1B RAAF M134 Minigun.JPG|thumb|350x350px|A view of an '''[[M134 Minigun (7.62 mm)|M134 Minigun]]''' mated with the XM-21 flexible mount of an RAAF [[UH-1B]] Huey.]]
=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|FFAR Mighty Mouse|AGM-22|M134 Minigun (7.62 mm)}}
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 38 x FFAR Mighty Mouse Rockets (default loadout)
* 72 x FFAR Mighty Mouse Rockets (XM159 modification)
* 6 x AGM-22 missiles (M156 AGM modification)
* 2 x 7.62 mm M134 Minigun (XM-18 modification)
* 2 x 7.62 mm M134 Minigun and 38 x FFAR Mighty Mouse Rockets (XM-21 modification)

The {{PAGENAME}} is a real workhorse utility helicopter which can pack a punch with several different weapons load-outs and configurations utilising rockets, guns and missiles. Selecting a single type of weapon to fly into battle with or mixing it up will allow the pilot to mix and match as necessary for the upcoming fight. The [[M134 Minigun (7.62 mm)|M134]] with it's almost 6,000 rounds-per-minute fire were an early fixture to helicopters as they can fly low and slow allowing them to pivot on the battlefield as necessary to take out personnel and light armoured vehicles. While initially not doing much damage being rifle caliber bullets, if the enemy does not move to avoid the fire, they will start taking on more and more damage. The M134 is also good for clearing trees and exposing hiding positions of armoured vehicles providing a better shot for harder hitting weapon systems. Note that unlike the fixed forward-facing XM-18 gun pods, the XM-21 mounts for the M134 Miniguns are flexible and can be aimed almost 90° to either side, as well as nearly straight up and straight down, providing a key advantage especially when encountering enemy helicopters.

[[File:UH-1B_mightymouse.jpg|350px|thumb|right|A side view of an '''{{PAGENAME}}''' with a side mounted [[FFAR Mighty Mouse]] rocket launcher.]]Due to weight and recoil issues of auto-cannons, helicopters typically have a workaround which allows them to have similar firepower without the drawbacks. The {{PAGENAME}} can be outfitted with the [[FFAR Mighty Mouse]] rockets which just needed to be aimed at the target and fired. The Mighty Mouse rockets, when launched, have fins which flip out to spin-stabilize them and guide them in as straight of a path as possible without any further guidance. While a single rocket can inflict some severe damage including shooting down bomber aircraft, typically one rocket will not be enough. Effectively the rockets work like a cannon with a shotgun pattern, where they pack a punch like a cannon, but have the accuracy of a shotgun and typically requires firing off several at a time to ensure a few will hit the target. The {{PAGENAME}} can be outfitted with two amounts of the rockets, either 38 when stock or mixed with twin M134 Miniguns, or a total of 78 rockets when utilising them on both pylons. With the ability of the helicopter to swoop in and reorient towards a target in a matter of seconds, rockets can be streaking towards their target before the enemy has the chance to either notice or even swing a gun around to counter. Mighty Mouse rockets pack a punch, however, may not have enough ummph to get through some of the thicker skinned vehicles found on the battlefield.

Not without a heavy-hitter, the {{PAGENAME}} can dish out damage with unguided rockets; however, to tackle some of the armoured goliaths rolling around on the battlefield, it needs something bigger! To meet this need, six [[AGM-22]] manual to command line of sight (MCLOS) wire-guided anti-tank missiles are installed. Knowing the location of an enemy tank allows the helicopter pilot to take evasive action while setting up to fire off a missile. Using structures and terrain as a shield, the helicopter pilot can fire off a missile and then guide it to the target without being a target itself. It is vital to fire, hit and then move as a sitting helicopter makes for an easy target and while guiding a missile to the destination, the pilot can get tunnel vision and not realise inbound threats to their position.

==Usage in battles==
''Describes the tactics of playing in the helicopter, the features of using vehicles in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

===Modules===
{| class="wikitable"
|+[[Modifications#Helicopters|Modifications]] Matrix
! colspan="1" | Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! colspan="1" | Survivability
! colspan="3" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Compressor
|
| Flak jacket
| [[M134 Minigun (7.62 mm)|Gun pod XM-18]]
| [[FFAR Mighty Mouse|XM159]]
|
|-
| II
|
|
| Helicopter frame
|
| [[AGM-22|M156 AGM]]
| [[M129 (40 mm)|M129]]
|-
| III
| Engine
| Replacing helicopter blades
| [[Night Vision Devices|NVD]]
| New 7 mm MGs
|
|
|-
| IV
|
|
| Cover
| Gun pod XM-21
|
| New 40 mm cannons
|-
|}

===Pros and cons===


'''Pros:'''

* Varied weapon options allowing for customization to pilot's preference
* Good visibility from the cockpit

'''Cons:'''

* Exposed tail rotor blades, can come into contact with objects and break
* Not built for speed

== History ==

The United States Army identified in 1952 a need for a new general utility helicopter which could also serve as medical evacuation (MEDEVAC) and instrument training helicopter too. The current inventory of helicopters had several flaws which the Army wanted to overcome including being too large, underpowered or extremely complex to maintain. The Army wanted a workhorse that was easy to maintain and have a fairly small profile. Twenty companies participated in the bidding process and in 1955, Bell Helicopter was selected to build three copies of the Model 204 for evaluation, and this version was designated XH-40 (Experimental Helicopter-40).

The XH-40 was built with the Lycoming YT52-L-1 (LTC1B-1) turbo engine helicopter, the first non-piston helicopter tested by the military and first flew in 1956. Even before the prototype had flown, the Army put in an order for six YH-40 service test aircraft in which they could field test to determine how it would work under military unit operations. Proving successful, Bell was awarded a contract to build another 100 helicopters which were designated HU-1A (Helicopter Utility-1A) and hence was officially named "Iroquois". Iroquois ended up being a mouthful for people to say, so a nickname developed from the HU-1 designation which ended up being pronounced as "Huey" and stuck. In September 1962, the Department of Defense changed up the aircraft identification system to streamline between all of the different aircraft and their variations and changed the HU-1 to UH-1 (Utility Helicopter-1). Even with the change, the official Army name and the new DOD designation was rarely used as Huey was so well recognised as the name, that is what was to most people.

Unfortunately, with all of the positive feedback received for the YH-40, service tests performed by the Army found the T53-L-1A engine was found to be underpowered and could not perform to the level that was needed. Bell proposed to swap the T53-L-1A engine with the T53-L-5 engine, upping the shaft horsepower from 770 to 960 (570 kW to 720 kW) and extended the cabin to accommodate more people, up to 7 passengers or four stretchers and a medical attendant. The first production of the new helicopter UH-1B was delivered for service in 1961.

Several aerodynamic deficiencies of an armed UH-1B was explicitly identified not having enough engine power to lift the necessary weapons systems. The UH-1C was developed to overcome these problems by upgrading the helicopter with the T53-L-11 engine which had 1,100 shaft horsepower or 820 kW. The UH-1B helicopters which were in the service of the Army at the time were also upgraded with the new engine. Several adjustments were made to the UH-1C which included a new rotor-system, however, like many things which are upgraded, domino effect also requires other components and modules also to be updated. A larger diameter rotor was installed to counter blade stall during dives which required the tail boom to be extended and larger synchronized elevators to be added. While operating in military operations, it was determined necessary to add a redundant hydraulic control system to allow for continued operation in the event of a failure in one system. Larger fuel tanks allowed for further range with the total useful load capacity topping out at 4,673 lbs (2,120 kg). Mid-1966 saw the line production of the fully upgraded UH-1C helicopter.

Huey model 204 helicopters were a huge success and were put to use in several different capacities. However, the Army wanted another version which facilitated the carrying of more troops which spawned the Model 205. Bell adjusted by extending the HU-1B’s fuselage by a total of 41 in (104 cm), boxed in the transmission and was able to add four more seats, two on each side of the transmission box facing out the side doors. With the side doors being easily removable, options to fly without doors made for quick loading and unloading of the helicopter which could now accommodate 15 persons, including the crew and could now hold six stretchers and a medic. First flown in 1961, the 205 took on many of the same upgrades as the UH-1C including the T53-L-11 which enabled usage of multiple types of fuel. Prototypes of this helicopter were designated YUH-1D, and the final assembly line aircraft was called the UH-1D.

This helicopter while still under evaluation the Army sent it to Vietnam in 1962 where it began operations. Initially only required as a general utility, MEDEVAC, and an instrument trainer, this helicopters role also expanded to include but not limited to air assault, cargo transport, search and rescue, electronic warfare and eventually ground attack.

During the Vietnam War, the UH-1 earned several other nicknames other than "Huey" which quickly identified to troops what role the helicopter had been outfitted for. Gunship versions of the UH-1s were identified as "Frogs" or "Hogs" if they carried rockets while if they just carried guns, they were identified as "Cobras". Troop transport versions were called "Slicks" due to weapon pods being absent on the external pylons while they did retain their door gunners. Later in the war from 1967 to 1968, the gunship Huey’s were replaced by the new [[AH-1G|AH-1]] attack helicopters.

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|6QZAY1EtkFU|'''The Shooting Range #110''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 01:01 discusses the UH-1 Huey.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on helicopter;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Bell}}
{{USA helicopters}}
<references />

M41A1

2020-05-05T09:24:03Z

U42833428: Updating small changes on 'Pros and cons'.

{{Specs-Card|code=us_m41_walker_bulldog}}
{{About
| about = American '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the version in the Japanese tree
| link = M41A1 (Japan)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_M41A1WalkerBulldog.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced at the same time as the American ground tree in [[Update 1.45 "Steel Generals"]]. A large improvement over its predecessor, the [[M24|M24 ''Chaffee'']], it features a gun that can more adequately fight the tanks at its tier with an APDS round and has very good mobility and low profile to move quickly against the enemy.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet, Lower glacis)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 28.5 mm (49°) ''Front glacis'' 63.5 mm (33-37°) ''Lower glacis'' || 28.5 mm || 28.5 mm (46°) ''Top'' 25.4 mm (1°) ''Middle'' 25.4 mm (20°) ''Bottom'' || 12.7 mm
|-
| Turret || 44.4 mm (11-13°) ''Turret front'' 50.8 mm (2-43°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 31.75 mm (1°) || 31.75 mm (1°) || 12.7 mm
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels, bogies, and tracks are 15 mm thick.
* An extra 12.7 mm RHA metal plate is present on the right side of the turret near the pintle 7.62 mm machine gun.
* A 4 mm Structural steel box is present, mounted on the vehicle rear turret.

There aren't any specific targets worth noting as the M41A1 will be hurt by pretty much anything. Be extra careful with [[:Category:Anti-aircraft_vehicles|SPAAs]] as they can knock out the ''Walker Bulldog's components with ease and even destroy the tank.''

If at all possible, try only to expose the turret. If using the terrain to the M41A1's advantage, it'll usually be able to fire one to three shots, then start moving forwards and backwards, thus making it a lot harder for the enemy to hit the tank. Generally, the M41A1 be able to get in two shots on most targets before they can fire back, and the M41A1 accelerates from 0 to 30 km/h fast enough to become a hard target to hit if only the turret is exposed!

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 775|rbMinHp= 442|}}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|M32 (76 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[M32 (76 mm)|76 mm M32]]
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
! rowspan="1" | Stabilizer
|-
| colspan="3" | 65 || -10°/+20° || ±180° || N/A
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! style="width:4em" |Mode
! style="width:4em" |Stock
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || 34.27 || 47.44 || 57.60 || 63.69 || 67.76
|-
| ''Realistic'' || 21.42 || 25.20 || 30.60 || 33.70 || 36.00
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| 7.67 || 6.79 || 6.2 || 5.9
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 0° Angle of Attack'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| M339 Shot || AP || 175 || 173 || 159 || 143 || 128 || 115
|-
| M352 Shell || HE || 12 || 12 || 12 || 12 || 12 || 12
|-
| M319 Shot || APCR || 208 || 207 || 187 || 170 || 144 || 123
|-
| M331A2 Shot || APDS || 232 || 231 || 212 || 193 || 163 || 137
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" |Velocity in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| M339 Shot || 975 || 6.6 || N/A || N/A || N/A || -1° || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| M352 Shell || 732 || 6.8 || 0.1 || 0.5 || 867.22 || +0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| M319 Shot || 1,262 || 3.2 || N/A || N/A || N/A || +1.5° || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| M331A2 Shot || 1,231 || 1.49 || N/A || N/A || N/A || +1.5° || 75° || 78° || 80°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke characteristic
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity in m/s
! Projectile Mass in kg
! ''Screen radius in m''
! ''Screen time in s''
! ''Screen hold time in s:''
! ''Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):''
|-
| M361 || 713 || 7.1 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50
|-
|}

===== [[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] =====
[[File:Ammoracks M41A1.png|right|thumbnail|x250px|[[Ammo racks|Ammo rack]] of the M41A1 Walker Bulldog.]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Full ammo
! class="wikitable unsortable" |1st rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |2nd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |3rd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Visual discrepancy
|-
|| '''65''' || 55 ''(+10)'' || 39 ''(+26)'' || 1 ''(+64)'' || style="text-align:center" | No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|Browning (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Pintle mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 2,175 (200) || 576 || -10°/+70° || ±60°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | [[Browning (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Coaxial mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 4,900 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in the battles ==

Like the tanks that come before it, the ''Bulldog'' should be used as a rapid-deployment support vehicle in conjunction with heavier vehicles like the [[T32|T32]]. It is best used to run rapid insertion and flanking operations while allowing the heavier tanks to absorb the brunt of the enemy attack. The ''Walker Bulldog'' works well with [[M26|M26 Medium tanks]] as the M26 has a harder hitting gun to support the light tank's advance, but the M41A1 maintain a much better climb rate for hills and a much faster acceleration. The ''Bulldog's'' top speed does cap off-road, requiring good knowledge of the map to make the most of the terrain.

Always remember that the ''Bulldog'' lacks any effective armour. In a frontal attack, it will be easily penetrated by almost anything the enemy throws at it. Try to use the terrain to hide the tank and relocate after shots. Also, attempt to engage targets who are busy or already engaged with teammates. The ''Bulldog's'' 76 mm gun has great penetration, but due to the solid shot armour-piercing rounds it has it is necessary to make each shot count by hitting either ammo racks or fuel tanks/engines to disable and or destroy an enemy vehicle. Equipping HVAP rounds, later on, makes it easier to destroy vehicles with better side armour such as the [[IS-3]] which has a fairly strong side profile.

===Tactics===
The ''Bulldog'' is best playing a mobile role; trail the outskirts of the map and take shots at the enemy from a distance and keep relocating. Don't stand still for too long as one or two hits are usually enough to completely disable the tank.

While playing this tank, the biggest concern should be not to get hit ''by anything''. Given its thin armour, anything that the Bulldog is facing will be able to deal heavy damage. In summary, the ''Bulldog'' is a very manoeuvrable tank and with practice is a very potent threat to enemies.

If up against heavy tanks, such as the [[Tiger II (H)|Tiger II H]], don't bother trying to hit its front chassis armour even with APDS. The chances to penetrate this tank's upper glacis are very low. It is better to try and either ignoring him or aiming for his lower glacis and turret. Should the round penetrate the lower glacis, the transmission is likely to catch on fire. When attacking the turret, aim for the gunner on the left (player's right) of the gun. After that, disengage as the gunner will be replaced faster than the M41A1 can reload. Fighting off heavily armoured targets takes a lot of practice, but the gun's accuracy and good penetration can be used to the M41A1's advantage. Ambushing tanks as such as the Panther V series which many variants have slow slew rates will be highly effective as you can get two-three shots off and disable the gunner when you get a flank.

===Modules===
{| class="wikitable"
!Tier
! colspan="2" |Mobility
!Protection
! colspan="3" |Firepower
|-
|I
|Tracks||
|Parts
|Horizontal Drive||||
|-
|II
|Suspension||Brake System
|FPE
|Adjustment of Fire||Airstrike||M319 shot
|-
|III
|Filters||
|Crew Replenishment
|Elevation Mechanism||M331A2 shot||NVD
|-
|IV
|Transmission||Engine
|
|Artillery Support||Improved optics||M361
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* Extremely agile tank
* Good top speed 72 kph (average speed is more around 35-40 kph)
* Manually controlling the gears will give you a good advantage(1st level: up to gear two and 19 kph & 2nd level up to gear three and 39 kph)
* Fast turret traverse
* Fast reload rate
* Respectable firepower when loaded with APDS
* APDS has high muzzle velocity, easy to hit targets at longer ranges
* Good flanker
* Good suspension; can drive away from steep downhills and jumps
* .50 cal AA machine gun with good coverage
* AP is highly lethal to most tanks of all-tiers post pen
* Similar silhouette as the M47
* Access to night vision device (NVD)
* Plays similarly to the M24 and the M18, but with a much better gun
* Access to some unique light tanks upgrades such as airstrike and improved optics
* Decent acceleration

'''Cons:'''

* Low torque, without downhill the tank won't reach higher speeds than 50 kph
* SPAA can be a threat but not as apparent
* NVD is only available for driver (3rd person or driver view)
* Due to weak engine, unsuitable for scouting unit
* Scouting requires map knowledge
* Ammo storage in the front, next to the driver
* No APHE shells that can be quite handy at times
* APDS shot causes only puncture damage; due to small spall effect after penetration, typically only modules and equipment directly in the path of the shot are damaged
* No explosive filler on any AP shells
* Larger than the typical light tank
* The absence of stabilizer makes it extremely difficult to aim while moving and even worse when breaking
* Unlike the German LekPz M41, the A1 variant doesn't have HEAT-FS and smoke grenade launcher.

== History ==

===Development===
The U.S. Army light tank in the later part of World War II, the [[M24|M24 ''Chaffee'']], was a promising design but was deemed not effective for the future of armour encounters. Though its role as a scout was seen as needing the 75 mm gun, the army wanted a tank with a better gun to have a more equal chance against tanks. The project began as the ''T37'' program in 1947 with the focus of being air-transportable with an anti-tank capability in the form of a 76 mm gun and a rangefinder. The adoption of a simplified rangefinder had the project designation changed to the ''T41''. After testings and evaluations, the ''T41'' model was accepted into service as the '''M41 ''Little Bulldog'' ''', with production starting at Cadillac Cleveland Tank Plant in 1951. The name ''Little Bulldog'' stayed until General Walton Walker, the first commander of the 8th US Army in Korea, died in a car accident, so the tank was renamed into the '''M41 ''Walker Bulldog'' ''' in remembrance. Production went from 1953 to somewhere in the late 1960s with about 3,728 units produced.

The M41 light tank would go on to replace the M24 ''Chaffees'' by 1953. The M41 had a crew of four, commander, gunner, loader, and driver. The tank had a profile of under 9 feet and 19 feet long. The tank was lightweight at 23.5 tons and thus had rather thin armour, with the front armour only 25.4 mm thick (sloped at 60 degrees for about 50 mm effective). However, the tank was very agile with its torsion bar suspension and Continental AOS 895-3 series 6-cylinder gasoline engine of 500 hp which could deliver a road speed of 45 mph with a 100 miles operating range. Unfortunately, the tank was criticized for being noisy, a fuel-guzzler, rather heavy, and the American crewman found the ''Bulldog's'' interior to be quite cramped. Despite that, it delivered speed, firepower, and reliability in a light tank format. Several upgrades were made on the M41 with better technology, the '''M41A1''' had a hydraulic turret traverse with more ammo storage, the ''M41A2'' had a new fuel system, and the ''M41A3'' are old M41A1 tanks with the new fuel system from the M41A2.

===Combat usage===
The M41 ''Walker Bulldog'' first saw use in Korea in a limited combat run. The tanks, still labelled their experimental designation T41, were sent for field testing on design deficiencies. It is unknown what other purposes they served there except for the tests. Their first major conflict once adopted by the U.S. Army was in Vietnam, mainly by replacing the M24 ''Chaffees'' in service with the South Vietnamese army (ARVN) at the time. The M41A3 tanks arrived in January 1965 and were instantly popular; not only for their advantages, but the previously cramped interior for American crews were actually a perfect fit for the smaller Vietnamese armour crewman. The ''Bulldog'' went on to fight in the Vietnam War as a reliable war machine. The ''Bulldog'' had an advantage due to its lightweight in manoeuvring in the jungle terrain of the region. In 1971, Operation Lam Son 719, the disruption of the North Vietnamese Army supply lines had the M41 ''Bulldogs'' play a major role, accompanied by two airborne battalions and two cavalry regiments. Penetrating deep into enemy lines, the 17 M41 tanks engaged and destroyed six Soviet-designed [[T-54 (1951)|T-54 tanks]] and other lighter armoured vehicles. This engagement came at a loss of 5 M41 and 25 armoured personnel carriers. By 1973, the ARVN still used about 200 M41 tanks while the transition of the American unit over to the [[M48A1|M48A3 ''Patton'' tanks]] in Europe and Stateside. The M41 light tanks were also exported to various other countries. Today, Guatemala, Somalia, Taiwan, Uruguay, and Vietnam still use the M41 ''Walker Bulldog'', some via upgrading the tanks to extend their service life.

The M41 ''Walker Bulldog'' design was advanced for the time, giving a relatively lightweight tank the firepower to take on other tanks of its time period. The chassis was even used on the ''[[M42|M42 ''Duster'' Anti-Air gun]]'' and the ''M75 Armored Personnel Carrier''. The drive, engine, transmission, and auxiliary engine also were used in the ''M44/M52 155 howitzer''. By 1969, the US Army began replacing the M41 with the newer [[M551|M551 ''Sheridan'' Armored Airborne Reconnaissance Assault Vehicle]] (officially not a "light tank") which had a [[M81 (152 mm)|152 mm cannon]] that could fire shells and [[Anti-tank_guided_missiles|anti-tank missiles]]. The M551 ''Sheridan'' could be used in roles that the M41 ''Walker Bulldog'' couldn't do, such as be air-dropped and amphibious but was rather unreliable. This made the M41 ''Walker Bulldog'' to be the last American "light tank" produced and the last made before the classification between tank classes based on weight and role ended.

=== In-game description ===
"In 1946 the Americans began looking for a replacement for the M24 Chaffee. The design for the new tank was to lean on experiences drawn from the Second World War.

In 1953 deliveries of the M41 Walker Bulldog to the US army began, with 5,500 units ultimately released.

The M41 Walker Bulldog featured a traditional layout with a welded hull and rationally sloped frontal plates. The turret was welded from cast and rolled armor elements. The running gear on each side was made up of five road wheels and three track return rollers in addition to guiding and leading wheels. The road wheels were independent of the torsion bar suspension, while the suspension for the first, second, and fifth rollers was equipped with hydraulic shock absorbers. The 500 hp air-cooled Continental AOS-895-3 engine featured a fire extinguishing system.

The tank's armament consisted of a 76 mm M32 cannon, a coaxial 7.62 mm Browning M1919A4E1 machine gun, and a turret-mounted 12.7 mm Browning M2HB anti-aircraft gun. The weapon was not stabilized and was equipped with a muzzle brake to reduce recoil. The battle compartment featured 24 rounds for fast reloading, along with 33 more in the tank hull that were only accessible when the turret was rotated hard to the rear.

Practice showed that the new tanks were poorly suited for reconnaissance, and their heavy weight and large dimensions made them just as difficult to transport as medium tanks. Those removed from active duty were quickly handed over and sold to allies and dependent governments.

M41 Walker Bulldogs saw combat in Austria, Argentina, Belgium, Brazil, the UK, North (captured) and South Vietnam, Guatemala, and Greece."

== Media ==

[http://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=usa&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=light_tank&vehicle=us_m41_walker_bulldog '''Skins''' and '''camouflages''' for the M41A1 from live.warthunder]

*[http://live.warthunder.com/post/95846/ '''"US ARMY" 532''' by ''JoKeR_BvB09'']
*[http://live.warthunder.com/post/101650/ '''"German Bundeswehr 3tone skin - 2nd Co of Panzeraufklärungsbataillon 5 ( ReconBn )" fictional''' by ''JoKeR_BvB09'']
*[http://live.warthunder.com/post/95835/ '''"(Fictional) M41 Flecktarn <nowiki>[Germany 1985]</nowiki>"''' by ''Tiger_VI'']

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://warthunder.com/en/news/3018/current/ Official War Thunder forum article: [Vehicle Profile<nowiki>]</nowiki> M41 Walker Bulldog [Decal Included<nowiki>]</nowiki>]

{{USA light tanks}}

P-51H-5-NA

2020-05-05T09:00:07Z

U42833428: I changed 'Usage in Battles', 'Pros and Cons', and pasted basic 'History' from the Wikipedia. Also corrected the 'P-51H-5NA' to 'P-51H-5-NA' and also 'manoeuvre/manoeuvrebility' to the correct 'maneuver/maneuverability'.

{{Specs-Card
|code=p-51h-5_na
|cockpit=370270/1264446
}}
{{About
| about = American fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = P-51 (Family)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.71 "New E.R.A."]].

The P-51H-5NA is the last propeller plane in the USAAF fighter line. While retaining all features the earlier versions may offer, its powerplant is upgraded.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
''Describes how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, maneuverability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 7,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 736 || 717 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 19.6 || 20.8 || 12.1 || 12.1 || rowspan="2" | 396
|-
! Upgraded
| 828 || 776 || 18.7 || 19.0 || 27.0 || 18.2
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 651 || 450 || 265 || ~11 || ~4
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===


* 38 mm Bulletproof glass in front of the pilot.
* 19.05 mm Steel plate in front of the engine.
* 6.35 mm Steel plate between the engine and pilot.
* 15.87 mm Steel plate behind the pilot.

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 6 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, wing-mounted (260 rpg outer + 260 rpg mid + 390 rpg inner = 1,820 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|AN-M30A1 (100 lb)|AN-M57 (250 lb)|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|AN-M65A1 (1,000 lb)}}
{{main|HVAR|M8}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 6 x HVAR rockets
* 6 x M8 rockets
* 2 x 100 lb AN-M30A1 bombs (200 lb total)
* 2 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (500 lb total)
* 2 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (1,000 lb total)
* 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)
* 2 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs + 6 x HVAR rockets (500 lb total)
* 2 x 100 lb AN-M30A1 bombs + 6 x HVAR rockets (200 lb total)
* 2 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs + 6 x HVAR rockets (1,000 lb total)

== Usage in battles ==

The P-51H-5-NA is a high altitude turnfighter. It has impressive performance against most props it may face and it can put a considerable fight against earlier jets. Compared to its German and British counterparts, it outperforms them by a fair amount in engine performance. The P-51H-5-NA can also be used as a strike fighter, as it can have great loadouts of combinations of bombs and rockets for this purpose.

Whilst having great engine performance, the P-51H-5-NA can turn impressively as well, out-maneuvering most of its German counterparts. It has good ordnance, capable of shooting any aircraft down with relative ease, as well as being able to dodge incoming attacks by jets. It has a good climb rate which also gives it an option to put up a fight against jet encounters, being able to perform boom and zoom attacks as its energy retention is good. It has a tendency to break its wings while zoom climbing at speeds higher than 550km/h. It also uses high octane fuel, which means it has considerable susceptibility to fire.

At low altitude, fighting with a turnfighter mindset will mostly work. If jets are present, try not to drop your speeds too much, as you may need to dodge multiple shots. The P-51H-5-NA will not perform as good against jets, as it does not have comparable speeds. BnZ attacks are the most effective against jets, as this maneuver mostly removes the speed out of the equation.

Most enemies faced by the P-51H-5-NA will be easily taken down, but unfortunately it also faces jets from time to time. Me 262 and Ho 229 are the biggest predators of this plane. The Ho 229 will out-turn you while the Me 262 will outrun you.

Since all matches will be an equal 1:1, the P-51H will have a great disadvantage since historically speaking during World War 2, the P-51s outnumber the advanced German fighters leading them to victory, but since it will be an equal number battle, you will need to find a pair, a group or maybe even pack-up your whole team of fighters and escort the bombers, that way, the allied team's less maneuverable planes will have a greater chance of survival, not just to your own success, but to the team's victory.

Since the P-51H-5-NA have a good engine and fast climb rate, you should be higher than ALL the enemies since it's going to be hard for allied planes to turn fight with both German and Japanese planes. This is one of the main advantages of American planes: powerful engines, to out-climb and out-speed most of their German counters, because most of the time, even a 1v1 turn-fight with a Bf 109 and Fw 190 will result of you being defeated assuming the pilot knows how to fly, in order to avoid this, Boom and Zoom is the best way to get a kill with a P-51H-5-NA.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Combined || Not controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! Survivability
! colspan="3" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Radiator
|
| Offensive 12 mm
|
| FSBC mk.1
|-
| II
|
| Compressor
| Airframe
|
| FRC mk.2
| FSBC mk.5
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
|
| New 12 mm MGs
|
| FMBC mk.1
|-
| IV
| G-suit
| Engine injection
| Cover
|
| Rocket Launcher M10
| FLBC mk.1
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great top speed for a prop-driven aircraft
* Respectable armament of 6 x 12.7mm (.50 calibre) machine guns
* One of the most manoeuvrable P-51s in the game
* Good climb rate
* Good payload options
* Good acceleration

'''Cons:'''

* .50 calibre machine guns aren't nearly as powerful compared to cannons, but will still do the job
* High crew training and purchase cost - the same as the F-80A-5 Shooting Star
* Can be up-tiered to fight against early jets
* Limited WEP, once it runs out the planes performance drops dramatically
* Undeserving high repair cost on both RB and SB

== History ==
''The '''P-51H''' (NA-126) was the final production Mustang, embodying the experience gained in the development of the XP-51F and XP-51G aircraft. This aircraft, with minor differences as the NA-129, came too late to participate in World War II, but it brought the development of the Mustang to a peak as one of the fastest production piston-engine fighters to see service.''

''The P-51H used the new V-1650-9 engine, a version of the Merlin that included Simmons automatic supercharger boost control with water injection, allowing War Emergency Power as high as 2,218 hp (1,500 kW). Differences between the P-51D included lengthening the fuselage and increasing the height of the tailfin, which reduced the tendency to yaw. The canopy resembled the P-51D style, over a raised pilot's position. Service access to the guns and ammunition was also improved. With a new airframe several hundred pounds lighter, extra power, and a more streamlined radiator, the P-51H was faster than the P-51D, able to reach 472 mph (760 km/h; 410 kn) at 21,200 ft (6,500 m).''

''The P-51H was designed to complement the P-47N as the primary aircraft for the invasion of Japan, with 2,000 ordered to be manufactured at Inglewood. Production was just ramping up with 555 delivered when the war ended.''

''Additional orders, already on the books, were canceled. With the cutback in production, the variants of the P-51H with different versions of the Merlin engine were produced in either limited numbers or terminated. These included the '''P-51L''', similar to the P-51H but utilizing the 2,270 hp (1,690 kW) V-1650-11 engine, which was never built; and its Dallas-built version, the '''P-51M''', or NA-124, which utilized the V-1650-9A engine lacking water injection and therefore rated for lower maximum power, of which one was built out of the original 1629 ordered, serial number 45-11743.''

''Although some P-51Hs were issued to operational units, none saw combat in World War II, and in postwar service, most were issued to reserve units. One aircraft was provided to the RAF for testing and evaluation. Serial number 44-64192 was designated BuNo 09064 and used by the U.S. Navy to test transonic airfoil designs and then returned to the Air National Guard in 1952. The P-51H was not used for combat in the Korean War despite its improved handling characteristics, since the P-51D was available in much larger numbers and was a proven commodity.''

''Many of the aerodynamic advances of the P-51 (including the laminar flow wing) were carried over to North American's next generation of jet-powered fighters, the Navy FJ-1 Fury and Air Force F-86 Sabre. The wings, empennage and canopy of the first straight-winged variant of the Fury (the FJ-1) and the unbuilt preliminary prototypes of the P-86/F-86 strongly resembled those of the Mustang before the aircraft were modified with swept-wing designs.''

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_American_P-51_Mustang_variants#P-51H

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


;Other variants in-game

* [[P-51 (Family)]]

;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* Focke-Wulf [[Fw 190 D-9|Fw 190 D]]
* Focke-Wulf [[Ta 152 C-3|Ta 152]]
* Hawker [[Tempest (Family)|Tempest]]
* Kawanishi [[N1K (Family)|N1K]]
* Kawasaki [[Ki-61 (Family)|Ki-100]]
* Lavochkin [[La-9]]
* Messerschmitt [[Bf 109 (Family)|Bf 109]]
* Nakajima [[Ki-84 (Family)|Ki-84]]
* Supermarine [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfire]]
* Yakovlev [[Yak-9 (Family)|Yak-9]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/4964-development-p-51h-mustang-winged-perfection-en|[Devblog] P-51H Mustang: Winged Perfection]]

{{AirManufacturer NAA}}
{{USA fighters}}

M247

2020-04-30T17:09:42Z

U42833428: /* Radars */ I have added radars since it lacks information about it, with some pros and cons about it too.

{{Specs-Card|code=us_m247}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a Rank {{Specs|rank}} American self-propelled anti-aircraft gun {{Battle-rating|1}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.81 "The Valkyries"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

'''Armour type:'''

*Cast homogeneous armour (Hull)
*Rolled homogeneous armour (Rear (low), Roof, Turret)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 85-200 mm (59-74°) ''Front glacis'' 63-200 mm (13-60°) ''Lower glacis'' || 76 mm (8-43°) ''Front'' 51 mm (0-43°) ''Rear'' || 35 mm (26-32°) ''Top'' 25 mm (61-62°) ''Bottom'' || 57 mm
|-
| Turret || 25.4 mm (15-76°) ''Turret front (Upper)'' 12.7 mm (40-69°) ''Turret front (Lower)'' 25.4 mm (0-87°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 12.7-25.4 mm (0-19°) ''Upper'' 12.7 mm (40-69°) ''Lower'' || 12.7 mm (18°) || 12.7 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 38 mm in the front and 25 mm in the rear.

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 1065|rbMinHp= 663|}}

The {{PAGENAME}}'s turret is installed on the hull of an [[M48A1|M48 medium tank]], because of this they have roughly similar mobility. The {{PAGENAME}} is about 3 tons heavier than the M48A1 (49.3 tons vs. 46.4 tons), and has a slightly weaker engine, which translates into a slightly more sluggish machine compared to the M48A1. The M48A1 has a max engine power of 810 hp, while the {{PAGENAME}}'s engine power is 750 hp. For a vehicle this heavy, it has fairly good mobility. When spaded, it can comfortably hit a top speed of 45 km/h on flat terrain, while in cross-country you will have a top speed of around 25 km/h. While going backwards, the top speed is somewhat less impressive: about -9 km/h.

== Armaments ==

{{main|Bofors L/70 (40 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Bofors L/70 (40 mm)|40 mm M266 Automatic Cannon]] (x2)
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity each)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="3" | 560 (280) || 300 || -5°/+85° || ±180°
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! style="width:4em" |Mode
! style="width:4em" |Stock
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || 52.8 || ? || ? || ? || ?
|-
| ''Realistic'' || 35.7 || ? || ? || ? || ?
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| 6.5 || ? || ? || ?
|-
|}

=== Ammunition ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 90°'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| M811 || HEFI-T* || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5
|-
| M822 || HEFI-T* || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5
|-
| 40 mm AP-T || AP-T || 93 || 90 || 77 || 62 || 51 || 41
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| M811 || HEFI-T* || 1100 || 0.87 || 0.2 || 0.1 || 255 || +0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| M822 || HEFI-T* || 1100 || 0.87 || 0.2 || 0.1 || 185 || +0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 40 mm AP-T || AP-T || 1030 || 0.88 || N/A || N/A || N/A || -1° || 48° || 69° || 79°
|-
|}

===Belt types===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
| style="width: 8%" | '''Belts'''
| style="width: 20%" | '''Shell composition'''
| '''Combat usage'''
|-
| ''Default'' || HEFI-T* / AP-T || align="left" | Good general ammunition, a hit on an aircraft typically means its destruction while still enough to do damage to armoured ground vehicles, especially if it shoots into the side of an enemy tank (weaker armour). Good to start with until comfortable with other types of ammunition.
|-
|''40 mm AP-T'' || AP-T / AP-T / AP-T / HEFI-T* || align="left" | Very powerful ammunition which can be used against ground targets with significantly more penetration than other 35-40 mm AP-T projectiles. Will easily destroy any target with side shots even outside the point-blank range and can destroy lighter targets and weak spots from the front even against main battle tanks.
|-
|''M811'' || HEFI-T* / HEFI-T* / HEFI-T* / AP-T || align="left" | "Poor man's anti-air ammunition." Unlike the M822 shells these require direct hits to do significant damage, but if problems are experienced with M822 detonating too early this belt may be your best choice.
|-
|''M822'' || HEFI-T* / HEFI-T* / AP-T || align="left" | Proximity-fused shells that absolutely obliterate aircraft when they make contact, though if they detonate too early, they will do little to no damage. Somewhat unreliable in if they detonate within range of the target, but when they do the target will quickly take considerable damage if not destroyed. The only ammunition for self-propelled anti-aircraft guns that which can cause enough shrapnel damage to bring down planes and helicopters even with near misses. This round should be the go-to anti-air ammunition, although the M811 is a good backup if the M822 is problematic for the gunner.
|}

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Tier
! colspan="2" |Mobility
!Protection
! colspan="3" |Firepower
|-
|I
|Tracks||
|Parts
|Horizontal Drive||M811||
|-
|II
|Suspension||Brake System
|FPE
|Adjustment of Fire||40 mm AP-T||
|-
|III
|Filters||
|Crew Replenishment
|Elevation Mechanism||Smoke grenade||NVD
|-
|IV
|Transmission||Engine
|
|Laser rangefinder||Artillery support||M822
|}

=== '''Radar'''s ===

=== [[Albis]] ===
The M247 uses the [[Albis]] tracking radar. The ''tracking radar director'' is the circular looking cone located above the leftmost forward of the turret and has a fixed horizontal position and only follows vertical targeting together with the armament. It may look like almost the same ''tracking radar director'' as the M163's but it's different.

{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="5" |[[wikipedia:AN/APG-66|AN/APG-66]] - Target Tracking Radar
|-
!Maximum
Detection

Range
!Minimum
Detection

Range
!Max Azimuth
Tracking Angle
!Elevation Tracking
Angle
!Minimum Relative
Speed
|-
|15,000 m
|100 m
|±10 degrees
| -5°/+85°
|15m/s (54km/h)
|}

==== [[wikipedia:AN/MPQ-49_Forward_Area_Alerting_Radar|AN/MPQ-49]] ====
The M247's uses a modified [[wikipedia:AN/MPQ-49_Forward_Area_Alerting_Radar|AN/MPQ-49]] search radar. It has the longest search range even when compared to 10.0 SPAAGs, yet it is still questionable if that long search range will be used often or frequently as most ''ground realistic battles''<nowiki/>' jets and helicopters spawn already within 10km into the battlefield, this is why most commanders of the M247 have their ranges set to only 10km most of the time, not unless maps like ''Port Novorossiysk'' that have airfields that are more than 30kms away. Some helicopters do spawn on the farthest helipad where it is near the airfield, this is one of the reasons commanders of the M247 can set their ranges to 20km which is way above their target locking range and especially engagement range.

{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="5" |[[wikipedia:AN/MPQ-49_Forward_Area_Alerting_Radar|AN/MPQ-49]]
|-
!Maximum
Detection

Range
!Minimum
Detection

Range
!Max Azimuth
Scan Angle
!Max Elevation
Scan Angle
!Minimum
Relative

Speed
|-
|40,000 m
|100 m
|360°
|17°
|10m/s (34km/h)
|}
{{Notice|Locking a target through sniper mode is not needed anymore as long as the target to be destroyed is detected and selected from the search radar while turret is pointed within 200 degrees to the target.}}

== Pros and cons ==


'''Pros:'''

* Twin stabilized 40 mm M266 cannon (L/70 40 mm Bofors) have a much higher rate of fire compared to the M42 Duster: Deadlier and more accurate
* Large ammunition count ensures that you will have plenty to fire throughout a match without fear of running out of ammo mid-game
* Has access to 12 x 66 mm smoke grenades, perfect for exiting a dangerous situation
* The M822 ammunition is proximity fused and will detonate if the projectile passes close enough to the target
* The 40 mm's pose a serious threat to lightly-armoured vehicles
* Uses the M48 Patton's hull (armour included) = one of the best-protected SPAA in the game
* Benefits in realistic battles from aim-assistance thanks to the radar
* Has access to night-vision devices for use in night battles
* Large radar sweep range to easily spot targets, as well as a large radar lock-on marker in its scope
* Has the furthest search radar range even when compared to 10.0 SPAAGs

'''Cons:'''

* As with all high-rank SPAA, the M247 has very thin turret armour; a shell strike could instantly end the vehicle
** Turret is also vulnerable to strafing aircraft + rockets
*Armour advantages are nullified due to the inclusion of the Hull Break mechanic
*No thermal sights
*Search radar cannot be folded

== History ==


The M247 "Sergeant York" was designed in the late 1970's as a purpose-built SPAAG. It was designed to fight alongside the [[M1 Abrams]] and [[M3 Bradley|M2/M3 Bradley]], in order to provide cover against aircraft. There were other SPAA vehicles in service at the time; these were the [[M163|M163 Vulcan]] and the MIM-72/M48 Chaparral. The former being a 20 mm rotary cannon mounted on an armored personnel carrier, and the latter being a heavily modified armored personnel carrier chassis with a surface-to-air missile launcher. Neither of those two vehicles were designed as SPAA's, and so, did not have the necessary performance to be adequate at their job. The M247 was designed as a replacement for both of the previous vehicles.

Designs from a multitude of companies were entered into the competition. Only two were selected for testing: the Ford XM-247 with twin Bofors 40mm cannons and the General Dynamics XM-246 with twin Oerlikon 35mm cannons. The two prototypes were tested, and the XM-247 was selected as the winner, although the XM-246 had outscored it in all the shooting tests. The M247, as it was soon designated, ran into many problems. The radar was extremely deficient; it had a hard time distinguishing trees from planes, and if the guns were pointed too high, they would get in the radar's way and confuse it even more. In addition, it took too long for the radar to pick up a target and for the guns to actually take aim. In addition, the turret traverse speed was much too slow, the vehicle it's self was too sluggish to keep up the M1's and M2's, and it was unreliable in cold weather. Eventually, the program was cancelled after more testing, where it was proven the system could not even shoot down stationary drones. There was still a need for an anti-aircraft vehicle that could keep up with modern vehicles, so Oerlikon Canada created the [[ADATS]] anti-aircraft missile system. This was not as successful as hoped, and was only accepted into Canadian service. The void was eventually filled by the M6 Linebacker, an M2 Bradley with Stinger missiles instead of TOW missiles. The Linebacker was capable of keeping up with modern armored forces, which was the reason for its acceptance, even though the Stingers were not as effective as the ADATS missiles<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M247_Sergeant_York</ref>.

== Media ==

[https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?q=#m247 '''Skins''' and '''camouflages''' for the M247 Sergeant York from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


* [[M48A1|M48A1 Patton]]
* [[M42|M42 Duster]]
* [[M163|M163 Vulcan]]
* [[ADATS]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5714-development-tam-and-m247-sergeant-york-en|[Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> TAM and M247 Sergeant York]]
* "[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M247_Sergeant_York|M247 Sergeant York]", ''Wikipedia.org'', Accessed on 24 March 2020.

{{USA anti-aircraft vehicles}}
<references />

M247

2020-04-30T17:05:18Z

U42833428:

{{Specs-Card|code=us_m247}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a Rank {{Specs|rank}} American self-propelled anti-aircraft gun {{Battle-rating|1}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.81 "The Valkyries"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

'''Armour type:'''

*Cast homogeneous armour (Hull)
*Rolled homogeneous armour (Rear (low), Roof, Turret)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 85-200 mm (59-74°) ''Front glacis'' 63-200 mm (13-60°) ''Lower glacis'' || 76 mm (8-43°) ''Front'' 51 mm (0-43°) ''Rear'' || 35 mm (26-32°) ''Top'' 25 mm (61-62°) ''Bottom'' || 57 mm
|-
| Turret || 25.4 mm (15-76°) ''Turret front (Upper)'' 12.7 mm (40-69°) ''Turret front (Lower)'' 25.4 mm (0-87°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 12.7-25.4 mm (0-19°) ''Upper'' 12.7 mm (40-69°) ''Lower'' || 12.7 mm (18°) || 12.7 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 38 mm in the front and 25 mm in the rear.

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 1065|rbMinHp= 663|}}

The {{PAGENAME}}'s turret is installed on the hull of an [[M48A1|M48 medium tank]], because of this they have roughly similar mobility. The {{PAGENAME}} is about 3 tons heavier than the M48A1 (49.3 tons vs. 46.4 tons), and has a slightly weaker engine, which translates into a slightly more sluggish machine compared to the M48A1. The M48A1 has a max engine power of 810 hp, while the {{PAGENAME}}'s engine power is 750 hp. For a vehicle this heavy, it has fairly good mobility. When spaded, it can comfortably hit a top speed of 45 km/h on flat terrain, while in cross-country you will have a top speed of around 25 km/h. While going backwards, the top speed is somewhat less impressive: about -9 km/h.

== Armaments ==

{{main|Bofors L/70 (40 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Bofors L/70 (40 mm)|40 mm M266 Automatic Cannon]] (x2)
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity each)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="3" | 560 (280) || 300 || -5°/+85° || ±180°
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! style="width:4em" |Mode
! style="width:4em" |Stock
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || 52.8 || ? || ? || ? || ?
|-
| ''Realistic'' || 35.7 || ? || ? || ? || ?
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| 6.5 || ? || ? || ?
|-
|}

=== Ammunition ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 90°'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| M811 || HEFI-T* || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5
|-
| M822 || HEFI-T* || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5
|-
| 40 mm AP-T || AP-T || 93 || 90 || 77 || 62 || 51 || 41
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| M811 || HEFI-T* || 1100 || 0.87 || 0.2 || 0.1 || 255 || +0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| M822 || HEFI-T* || 1100 || 0.87 || 0.2 || 0.1 || 185 || +0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 40 mm AP-T || AP-T || 1030 || 0.88 || N/A || N/A || N/A || -1° || 48° || 69° || 79°
|-
|}

===Belt types===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
| style="width: 8%" | '''Belts'''
| style="width: 20%" | '''Shell composition'''
| '''Combat usage'''
|-
| ''Default'' || HEFI-T* / AP-T || align="left" | Good general ammunition, a hit on an aircraft typically means its destruction while still enough to do damage to armoured ground vehicles, especially if it shoots into the side of an enemy tank (weaker armour). Good to start with until comfortable with other types of ammunition.
|-
|''40 mm AP-T'' || AP-T / AP-T / AP-T / HEFI-T* || align="left" | Very powerful ammunition which can be used against ground targets with significantly more penetration than other 35-40 mm AP-T projectiles. Will easily destroy any target with side shots even outside the point-blank range and can destroy lighter targets and weak spots from the front even against main battle tanks.
|-
|''M811'' || HEFI-T* / HEFI-T* / HEFI-T* / AP-T || align="left" | "Poor man's anti-air ammunition." Unlike the M822 shells these require direct hits to do significant damage, but if problems are experienced with M822 detonating too early this belt may be your best choice.
|-
|''M822'' || HEFI-T* / HEFI-T* / AP-T || align="left" | Proximity-fused shells that absolutely obliterate aircraft when they make contact, though if they detonate too early, they will do little to no damage. Somewhat unreliable in if they detonate within range of the target, but when they do the target will quickly take considerable damage if not destroyed. The only ammunition for self-propelled anti-aircraft guns that which can cause enough shrapnel damage to bring down planes and helicopters even with near misses. This round should be the go-to anti-air ammunition, although the M811 is a good backup if the M822 is problematic for the gunner.
|}

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Tier
! colspan="2" |Mobility
!Protection
! colspan="3" |Firepower
|-
|I
|Tracks||
|Parts
|Horizontal Drive||M811||
|-
|II
|Suspension||Brake System
|FPE
|Adjustment of Fire||40 mm AP-T||
|-
|III
|Filters||
|Crew Replenishment
|Elevation Mechanism||Smoke grenade||NVD
|-
|IV
|Transmission||Engine
|
|Laser rangefinder||Artillery support||M822
|}

=== '''Radar'''s ===

=== [[Albis]] ===
The M247 uses the [[Albis]] tracking radar. The ''tracking radar director'' is the circular looking cone located above the leftmost forward of the turret and has a fixed horizontal position and only follows vertical targeting together with the armament. It may look like almost the same ''tracking radar director'' as the M163's but it's different.

{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="5" |[[wikipedia:AN/APG-66|AN/APG-66]] - Target Tracking Radar
|-
!Maximum
Detection

Range
!Minimum
Detection

Range
!{{Azimuth Tracking Angle|Azimuth Tracking Angle|The area in which the radar can lock on}}
!Elevation Tracking
Angle
!Minimum Relative
Speed
|-
|15,000 m
|100 m
|±10 degrees
|<nowiki>-5°/+85°</nowiki>
|15m/s (54km/h)
|}

==== [[wikipedia:AN/MPQ-49_Forward_Area_Alerting_Radar|AN/MPQ-49]] ====
The M247's uses a modified [[wikipedia:AN/MPQ-49_Forward_Area_Alerting_Radar|AN/MPQ-49]] search radar. It has the longest search range even when compared to 10.0 SPAAGs, yet it is still questionable if that long search range will be used often or frequently as most ''ground realistic battles''<nowiki/>' jets and helicopters spawn already within 10km into the battlefield, this is why most commanders of the M247 have their ranges set to only 10km most of the time, not unless maps like ''Port Novorossiysk'' that have airfields that are more than 30kms away. Some helicopters do spawn on the farthest helipad where it is near the airfield, this is one of the reasons commanders of the M247 can set their ranges to 20km which is way above their target locking range and especially engagement range.

{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="5" |[[wikipedia:AN/MPQ-49_Forward_Area_Alerting_Radar|AN/MPQ-49]]
|-
!Maximum
Detection

Range
!Minimum
Detection

Range
!Max Azimuth
Scan Angle
!Max Elevation
Scan Angle
!Minimum
Relative

Speed
|-
|40,000 m
|100 m
|360°
|17°
|10m/s (34km/h)
|}
{{Notice|Locking a target through sniper mode is not needed anymore as long as the target to be destroyed is detected and selected from the search radar while turret is pointed within 200 degrees to the target.}}

== Pros and cons ==


'''Pros:'''

* Twin stabilized 40 mm M266 cannon (L/70 40 mm Bofors) have a much higher rate of fire compared to the M42 Duster: Deadlier and more accurate
* Large ammunition count ensures that you will have plenty to fire throughout a match without fear of running out of ammo mid-game
* Has access to 12 x 66 mm smoke grenades, perfect for exiting a dangerous situation
* The M822 ammunition is proximity fused and will detonate if the projectile passes close enough to the target
* The 40 mm's pose a serious threat to lightly-armoured vehicles
* Uses the M48 Patton's hull (armour included) = one of the best-protected SPAA in the game
* Benefits in realistic battles from aim-assistance thanks to the radar
* Has access to night-vision devices for use in night battles
* Large radar sweep range to easily spot targets, as well as a large radar lock-on marker in its scope
* Has the furthest search radar range even when compared to 10.0 SPAAGs

'''Cons:'''

* As with all high-rank SPAA, the M247 has very thin turret armour; a shell strike could instantly end the vehicle
** Turret is also vulnerable to strafing aircraft + rockets
*Armour advantages are nullified due to the inclusion of the Hull Break mechanic
*No thermal sights
*Search radar cannot be folded

== History ==


The M247 "Sergeant York" was designed in the late 1970's as a purpose-built SPAAG. It was designed to fight alongside the [[M1 Abrams]] and [[M3 Bradley|M2/M3 Bradley]], in order to provide cover against aircraft. There were other SPAA vehicles in service at the time; these were the [[M163|M163 Vulcan]] and the MIM-72/M48 Chaparral. The former being a 20 mm rotary cannon mounted on an armored personnel carrier, and the latter being a heavily modified armored personnel carrier chassis with a surface-to-air missile launcher. Neither of those two vehicles were designed as SPAA's, and so, did not have the necessary performance to be adequate at their job. The M247 was designed as a replacement for both of the previous vehicles.

Designs from a multitude of companies were entered into the competition. Only two were selected for testing: the Ford XM-247 with twin Bofors 40mm cannons and the General Dynamics XM-246 with twin Oerlikon 35mm cannons. The two prototypes were tested, and the XM-247 was selected as the winner, although the XM-246 had outscored it in all the shooting tests. The M247, as it was soon designated, ran into many problems. The radar was extremely deficient; it had a hard time distinguishing trees from planes, and if the guns were pointed too high, they would get in the radar's way and confuse it even more. In addition, it took too long for the radar to pick up a target and for the guns to actually take aim. In addition, the turret traverse speed was much too slow, the vehicle it's self was too sluggish to keep up the M1's and M2's, and it was unreliable in cold weather. Eventually, the program was cancelled after more testing, where it was proven the system could not even shoot down stationary drones. There was still a need for an anti-aircraft vehicle that could keep up with modern vehicles, so Oerlikon Canada created the [[ADATS]] anti-aircraft missile system. This was not as successful as hoped, and was only accepted into Canadian service. The void was eventually filled by the M6 Linebacker, an M2 Bradley with Stinger missiles instead of TOW missiles. The Linebacker was capable of keeping up with modern armored forces, which was the reason for its acceptance, even though the Stingers were not as effective as the ADATS missiles<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M247_Sergeant_York</ref>.

== Media ==

[https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?q=#m247 '''Skins''' and '''camouflages''' for the M247 Sergeant York from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


* [[M48A1|M48A1 Patton]]
* [[M42|M42 Duster]]
* [[M163|M163 Vulcan]]
* [[ADATS]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5714-development-tam-and-m247-sergeant-york-en|[Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> TAM and M247 Sergeant York]]
* "[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M247_Sergeant_York|M247 Sergeant York]", ''Wikipedia.org'', Accessed on 24 March 2020.

{{USA anti-aircraft vehicles}}
<references />