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Rooikat MTTD

2024-10-19T20:07:04Z

U40125922: Removed lack of DM33 mention from intro as MTTD now has this

{{About
| about = British light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Rooikat (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_rooikat_mttd
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''Rooikat Medium Turret Technology Demonstrator (MTTD)''' was a prototype based on the [[Rooikat (Family)|Rooikat]] hull to test the possibility of an autoloading system mounted in a remote turret. The loader and commander positions were lowered into the hull, leaving a smaller turret occupied solely by the gun and autoloading bustle. A mock launcher for an active protection system was also installed on top of the turret, but not fitted with any of the equipment required to allow it to function.

Introduced in [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]], the Rooikat MTTD is a powerful upgrade over the preceding [[Rooikat Mk.1D]]. Featuring a 105 mm cannon like the [[Rooikat 105]], it offers strong firepower coupled with the quick autoloader continuously reloading at rates matching those of other vehicles' ace crews. With the top DM33 round, the ammunition options are sufficient for the opponents the MTTD will face, and it retains the excellent mobility of previous Rooikats that make them such versatile vehicles. However, with the addition of the autoloader and lower-profile turret, a compromise must be made — the MTTD lacks common features such as smoke grenades or machine guns, which players may come to rue in particular times of need.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The Rooikat MTTD can generally be considered to be lightly armoured. The frontal armour can resists machine gun fire, or autocannons from long-range and at an angle. Side armour can be penetrated by machine guns larger than 12.7 mm at close range, with the rear armour being even weaker. A somewhat spacious hull allows for poorly aimed shots to potentially fail to hit any critical modules, but chemical rounds will destroy the vehicle through overpressure. The turret features recessed crew members, allowing for careful use of the gun depression to only expose the gun and auto-loader ammo rack when hull-down. Chemical rounds may very well still trigger overpressure when hitting the turret, or detonating the turret ammo rack. The Rooikat MTTD features poor overall armour and survivability, and should use the vehicle's mobility to avoid the possibility of receiving a hit in the first place. The vehicle also inherits the stock brown-yellow camouflage from the rest of the South Africa line, allowing the vehicle to be easily spotted on non-desert maps.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, turret)
* Wheel (tires, torsion bars)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 25 mm (77°) ''Upper glacis - Centre'' 10 mm (75°) ''Upper glacis - Sides'' 30 mm (23°) ''Lower glacis - Centre'' 10 mm (23°) ''Lower glacis - Sides'' || 20 mm (25°) ''Top'' 25 mm (9°) ''Bottom'' || 20 mm ''Upper centre'' 20 mm (29°) ''Lower centre'' || 25 mm (13°) ''Front glacis - Centre'' 10 mm (15°) ''Front glacis - Sides'' 20 mm (0-13°) ''Driver compartment'' 10 mm ''Crew compartment'' 5 mm ''Radiator vents''
|-
| Turret || 15-25 mm (0-79°) ''Turret front'' 50 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 10-25 mm || 10 mm (0-17°) || 10-15 mm (0-11°)
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Tires and torsion bar are 10 mm thick.
* Belly is 15 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=879|rbMinHp=501}}

The Rooikat MTTD features extremely good mobility, with limitations. The engine will power the vehicle to a top speed of 130 km/h (AB) / 120 km/h (RB/SB) on roads, though the average speed is around 35 to 55 km/h off road. The wheeled chassis will allow to turn the vehicle without losing too much speed, though the size of the vehicle means it will have a large turn radius, and it lacks the ability to perform neutral steering. Like for most armoured cars, snow, sand, and dirt will bring this vehicle to a crawl (<10 km/h in RB/SB). Performance on any sort of hill or incline is poor with low traction, making some normally accessible slopes impossible to climb. Although the vehicle is capable of high speeds, care should be taken to plan and familiarize map routes that will allow this vehicle to reach an advantageous position quickly. The vehicle characteristics favour open, rural maps over urban maps. When on urban maps, the vehicle's large turning radius will hamper its freedom of movement in narrow streets and between buildings.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|GT-7 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[GT-7 (105 mm)|105 mm GT-7]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 32 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 38.1 || 52.7 || 64.0 || 70.8 || 75.3 || rowspan="2" | 6.70 || rowspan="2" | 6.70 || rowspan="2" | 6.70 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 23.8 || 28.0 || 34.0 || 37.6 || 40.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:GT-7 (105 mm)/Ammunition|DM12, DM512, DM23}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''32''' || 27 ''(+5)'' || 21 ''(+11)'' || 1 ''(+31)'' || No
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The Rooikat MTTD is a versatile and mobile tank destroyer best suited for aggressive flanking manoeuvres and hit-and-run tactics. Utilizing its excellent speed and manoeuvrability, quickly reposition to outflank opponents and exploit their weaker side and rear armour. The autoloader mechanism ensures a consistent rate of fire even with a reduced crew, allowing for rapid follow-up shots and increased damage output.

When engaging enemies, take advantage of the vehicle's good gun depression and low profile by utilizing hull-down positions. This will minimize the risk of being hit while still being able to effectively engage targets. The laser rangefinder and thermal imager provide valuable information for accurate targeting, especially in long-range engagements or poor visibility conditions.

==== Offensive Tactics: ====

* '''Flanking Maneuvers''': Utilize superior speed to outmanoeuvre opponents and attack from unexpected angles, exploiting weaker armour.
* '''Hit-and-Run Tactics''': Quickly engage targets and then reposition before the enemy can retaliate. The autoloader ensures rapid follow-up shots during these engagements.
* '''Hull-Down Positions''': Utilize the good gun depression and low profile to minimize exposure while still engaging targets effectively.
* '''Long-Range Engagements''': The laser rangefinder and thermal imager enhance accuracy in these situations, allowing for precise shots at a distance.

==== Defensive Tactics: ====

* '''Avoid Direct Confrontations''': The Rooikat MTTD's light armour makes it vulnerable to enemy fire, so prioritize avoiding head-on engagements.
* '''Utilize Terrain''': Leverage hills, ridges, and other terrain features to conceal your position and ambush unsuspecting enemies.
* '''Quick Retreats''': If overwhelmed or outmatched, use the vehicle's speed to disengage and reposition to a more advantageous location.
* '''Teamwork''': Coordinate with teammates to create crossfires and maximize your damage output while minimizing individual risk.

==== Map Selection: ====
The Rooikat MTTD excels in open, rural maps with ample space for manoeuvring. Avoid urban maps with tight spaces and limited flanking opportunities, as these environments negate the vehicle's speed and manoeuvrability advantages.

==== Limitations: ====

* '''Light Armour''': The vehicle's primary weakness makes it susceptible to enemy fire and requires a cautious play style.
* '''Terrain Sensitivity''': Mobility is significantly hampered by uneven terrain, mud, snow, and sand, requiring careful route planning.
* '''Poor Hill Climbing''': The lacklustre power-to-weight ratio limits its ability to climb steep slopes or obstacles.
* '''Limited Penetration''': The GT-7 cannon struggles against the frontal armour of late-model Soviet MBTs, forcing flanking manoeuvres or targeting weaker areas.

By understanding the Rooikat MTTD's strengths and weaknesses, and adapting your tactics accordingly, you can maximize its effectiveness on the battlefield and achieve victory.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Autoloader mechanism offers reliable reload time
* GT-7 cannon ballistics characteristics are competitive
* The superb top speed of the Rooikat chassis remains
* Equipped with features enhancing its combat capability: laser rangefinder, thermal imager, ESS and NVD
* Crew location and good gun depression allow safer hull-down attacks

'''Cons:'''

* Only 3 crew members
* No secondary armament or coaxial machine gun
* Mobility is heavily affected by uneven terrain, mud, snow, sand
* Lacklustre power-to-weight ratio: struggles climbing slopes or rocks
* GT-7 penetration is unreliable versus late Soviet MBT frontal armour as on [[T-72 (Family)]], [[T-80 (Family)]] or [[T-90A]]

== History ==

The Rooikat Medium Turret Technology Demonstrator (MTTD) was a private venture to test the concept of a Rooikat-based 105 mm / 120 mm gun turret with an automatic loading system.

It used a regular production Rooikat hull with a completely new two-man turret. The loader/commander was positioned on the left side of the turret and the gunner was located on the right side, both in sunken positions allowing a low profile wedge shape for the turret where the crew was located. The main gun was in the centre, a 105 mm high pressure gun but it was intended also to test a 120 mm low pressure gun. The main gun was automatically loaded with ammunition from the turret bustle. An active protection system (APS) mock-up was located on the rear of the turret but was not functional. The Rooikat MTTD was only a demonstrator vehicle and never entered production.<ref>https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/coldwar/south_africa/rooikat.php</ref>

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_rooikat_mttd Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|y2Ph0rmD5sU|'''Unmanned Turret Tanks: Showcasing New Tech''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 04:35 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|chjZ6Hra--c|'''Best wheeled tanks''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 03:25 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


* [[M1128]]

== External links ==


=== References ===
<references />

{{Britain light tanks}}
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

TAM

2024-09-13T21:08:34Z

U40125922: /* History */ grammar

{{About
| about = German light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = TAM (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_thyssen_henschel_tam
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (shortened to '''{{Specs|pseudonym}}''', English translated as: ''Argentinian Medium Tank'') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.81 "The Valkyries"]].

It's one of the best tanks Germany has to offer at this battle rating, with slightly better mobility than the A1A1 and the ability to scout. The minimal armour and overpressure vulnerability are downsides. Similar to the A1A1, it struggles when stock but holds its own very nicely once APFSDS is unlocked.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The armour is composed of welded steel, providing protection up to 32 mm. The front can defend against 12.7 mm machine gun ammo, but the side armour is only proof against standard machine guns of 7.62 mm. However, most enemies that can be faced will usually have a 12.7 mm machine gun or larger in their possession, making it so even a burst of bullets could riddle the TAM with holes. With this in mind, take caution when flanking a tank with a disabled gun to get a side shot, as you can easily lose a few crew members to machine gunfire. This becomes less of an issue after unlocking the APFSDS round when side shots are rarely as necessary. The TAM also is vulnerable to overpressure, so large-calibre HE rounds have a chance of instantly destroying the vehicle.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, turret)
* Cast homogeneous armour (gunner periscope)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 11 mm (77°) ''Upper glacis - Engine access panel'' 32 mm (77°) ''Upper glacis - Sides'' 32 mm (29°) ''Lower glacis - Top'' 32 mm (60°) ''Lower glacis - Bottom'' || 15 mm (30°) ''Top'' 15 mm ''Bottom'' || 11 mm (23°) ''Upper plate'' 11 mm (27°) ''Lower plate''|| 11-32 mm (13°) ''Front glacis'' 11 mm ''Crew compartment'' 5 mm ''Radiator vents''
|-
| Turret || 50 mm (5-35°) ''Turret front'' 30 mm + 30 mm (51-63°) ''Mantlet Front'' 25 mm (7-10°) ''Mantlet Sides'' 20 mm (79°) ''Roof glacis'' 30 mm (cylindrical) ''Gunner periscope'' || 25 mm (24-27°) ''Crew Compartment'' 15 mm (27°) ''Bustle'' 25 mm ''Cupola well'' || 15 mm (22°) 11 mm (79°) ''Turret underside''|| 20 (11°) ''Roof glacis'' 11 mm
|-
| Cupola || colspan="3" style="text-align:center" | 35 mm (cylindrical) || 35 mm ''Outer ring'' 11 mm ''Centre''
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels, tracks and torsion bars are 20 mm thick.
* The belly is 11 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,116|rbMinHp=637}}

The mobility is not bad, with a max of 75 km/h (RB) on the road in forward and -50 km/h in reverse. Off-road mobility is quite average, especially on flat terrain, but there is a poor steering response. The TAM is powered by a MTU (Motoren- und Turbinen-Union Friedrichshafen GmbH) MB 833 Ka-500 520 kW (720 hp) that produces a good 720 hp at 2,400 rpm.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

After Parts and FPE, the most important modules are the DM23 shell and the NVD upgrade. After that, the focus should be on the Laser rangefinder or mobility upgrades, depending on personal preference.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|FMK.4 Modelo 1L (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[FMK.4 Modelo 1L (105 mm)|105 mm FMK.4 Modelo 1L]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 50 || rowspan="2" | -7°/+18° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 22.8 || 31.6 || 38.4 || 42.5 || 45.2 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.3 || 16.8 || 20.4 || 22.6 || 24.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:FMK.4 Modelo 1L (105 mm)/Ammunition|DM13, DM512, DM12, DM23, M416}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_TAM_2IP.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the [[TAM 2IP]] (identical)]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''50''' || 41 ''(+9)'' || 30 ''(+20)'' || 21 ''(+29)'' || 1 ''(+49)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* Racks 3 and 4 are first stage ammunition racks (29 shells total), meaning they will deplete first (in the order of 3 then 4) but will replenish from the other racks, starting with rack 1 and then rack 2.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|FN MAG 60-40 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[FN MAG 60-40 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm FN MAG 60-40]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 2,000 (200) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Pintle || 2,000 (200) || 600 || -10°/+50° || ±120°
|-
|}

The small calibre of the FN MAG 60-40 machine guns make them largely ineffective against all armoured vehicles but the ones with an open compartment. They still can be used to ping targets as a rangefinding help or to mow down minor obstacles blocking your line of sight.

== Usage in battles ==

The TAM is a classic light tank, in that it has high mobility and a powerful armament with thin armour, but lacks gunner-sight NVD.

'''Characteristics'''

The mobility of the TAM is quite good, allowing it to out accelerate allies and enemies alike, as well as to reach the battle much quicker. This comes with a drawback though; the TAM has very little to speak of in terms of armour. Nearly every shot will penetrate the armour. Heavy machine gun rounds can even penetrate the side of the tank, and aircraft with cannons or machine guns are a great threat. Many autocannons from tanks or SPAAGs are able to penetrate the TAM from the front, although the steep slope of the upper glacis is able to bounce rounds.

DM23 APFSDS can penetrate most - if not all - enemies that can be faced by the TAM, making it the main ammunition choice of most TAM commanders. Despite having access to a decently powerful APFSDS round, there is more ammunition that should be considered. The DM12 HEATFS round has a penetration of 400 mm - enough to penetrate anything but composite armour or ERA. The DM502 HESH round is probably the least useful of the ammunition choices, due to it being situational. It can be useful, but will often have trouble penetrating the front of enemy tanks; it is best used to hit the roof of a tank to splash down into the crew compartment. The M416 smoke round, while nearly useless against enemy tanks, can be incredibly useful in the right situation. It can be used to lay down visual cover for teammates or the TAM itself, to blind the enemy, or to lay a path to a well defended capture point. The -7° of gun depression is usable, but the commander must be careful not to put the TAM in a position where it has insufficient gun depression to fire without exposing too much of the tank.

'''Playstyle'''

Due to its characteristics, the TAM is a very versatile tank. The flanking and scouting gameplay style uses all the advantages of the TAM, while negating the disadvantages, making it one of the best ways to drive the TAM. The TAM's high mobility allows it to assume strong, advanced positions before the enemy expects it to. From there, the scouting ability and powerful armament can be used to mark enemy tanks on the map for friendly tankers to be aware of, or to annihilate them tanks from the side or front. It can do this either by sniping from longer ranges or by ambushing at closer ranges. The versatile ammunition selection allows practically any enemy tank to be engaged effectively from any angle. In closer range areas of a map, the TAM can use its high mobility to hit the enemy where they don't expect it or before they expect it. Hit and run tactics are good because it helps to prevent the enemy from honing in on the TAM's location to knock it out. Due to the low armour of the TAM, the best way to ensure survival is to not be hit. This is why ambushes, sniping, or flanking are the safest and most successful tactics, although aggressive pushes can work as well. Overall, the heavy firepower, scouting ability, and good mobility allow the TAM to be successful in any sort of map or situation. Be aware the TAM lacks gunner or commander's sight NVD.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good firepower
* Faster and more manoeuvrable than the Begleitpanzer 57
* Wide variety of ammo - APFSDS, APDS, HEAT-FS, HESH, and smoke shells
* Commander's machine gun has a very high elevation limit, letting you shoot at planes and helicopters passing by
* Little armour sometimes lets you survive AP shots as they pass through the tank without dealing much damage
* Turret is on the back, by reversing out of cover, you don't expose the whole vehicle
* First ammo rack has more than enough shells for a battle
* By loading 21 shells all ammo racks except the one in the turret rear can be emptied

'''Cons:'''

* Very thin armour providing little to no protection
* Impossible to depress the gun when facing backwards
* Turret is on the back, in some situations, you will have to expose the whole tank to shoot, especially if you need gun depression (engine deck stops the gun from depressing)
* No thermals, only NVD

== History ==

During the 1960s, Argentina was looking far and wide for offers to update its ageing fleet of WW2-era tanks. After obtaining some vehicles, the U.S. refused to make further vehicle sales. This forced Argentina to shift their attention towards the European market, resulting in the purchase of a number of French AMX-13s and its variants.

In 1973 however, the Ministry of Defense drew up a set of requirements for a completely new combat vehicle that would be produced domestically and would to enter service by 1980. Despite knowing what they wanted, Argentinian engineers lacked the technical know-how in order to actually design and produce such a vehicle. Faced with this problem, the Argentinian government sought collaboration with a foreign company in order to design and build the vehicle they wanted. Eventually, a contracted was signed with the German Thyssen-Henschel company, a joint development effort soon ensued.

The TAM (Tanque Argentino Mediano, eng: Argentinian Medium Tank), as it would be designated, was based off the German Marder IFV and equipped with a modification of the British Royal Ordnance L7A3 cannon that was produced in Germany. The first two prototypes of the TAM were built in 1976 and 1977 respectively and underwent extensive testing over the course of two years.

After successfully passing testing, the TAM was put into mass production in 1979. The vehicles were armed with FMK.4 Modelo 1L cannons, which was a domestic licensed copy of the original German cannon. The government ordered 200 vehicles of the IFV variant. However, economic difficulties resulted in the order being only partially fulfilled before production was restarted later on. Argentina was also very keen on exporting the TAM to other countries, but despite interest and some contracts being signed, the TAM was never widely exported for various reasons.

A total of around 280 TAMs were built and most of them still serve in the Argentinian army, albeit with upgraded equipment. The TAM has never been deployed in any combat operations to this date.

''- From [[wt:en/news/5740-development-tam-replacing-the-old-guard-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_thyssen_henschel_tam Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="200">
File:TAM.jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|1Y935Ei_pBg|'''{{PAGENAME}} - Never Taken Lightly''' - ''JustinPlaysYT''|RGFSkEdQcTg|'''TAMing The Enemy Team - New BR Causes Sealclubbing''' - ''Napalmratte''|XvCqay-RaPQ|'''The Shooting Range #123''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 05:10 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[Leopard 1 (Family)]]
* [[CV 90105 TML]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5740-development-tam-replacing-the-old-guard-en|[Devblog] TAM - Replacing The Old Guard]]
* [[wt:en/news/5714-development-tam-and-m247-sergeant-york-en|[Devblog] TAM and M247 Sergeant York]]
* [[wikipedia:Tanque_Argentino_Mediano|[Wikipedia] Tanque Argentino Mediano]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/coldwar/argentina/tanque_argentino_mediano.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Tanque Argentino Mediano (TAM)]

{{TankManufacturer Thyssen-Henschel}}
{{Germany light tanks}}

Olifant Mk.1A

2024-07-19T13:20:01Z

U40125922: 'Radial' V12 is a nonsensical term, the AV1790 is a V-type engine

{{About
| about = British medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = Olifant Mk.2
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_olifant_mk_1a
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]].

The Olifant is an early South African modification of the legendary Centurion tank. The vehicle received an increase in firepower and mobility from the earlier British series, to match the needs of extended cruising capabilities and long-distance skirmishes within the dusty and heated African environment.

Fitted with a GT-3 cannon, the Olifant should be as persuasive as most NATO counterparts, due to the GT-3 being a variant of the popular British-made Royal Ordnance L7 gun. On the weak side, the armour layout can be described as obsolete against HEAT and APFSDS, which are quite common at Olifant's rank. This lack of armour simultaneously with a somewhat slow turret traverse and below average top speed, commits the Olifant to use distance, uneven grounds and marksmanship skills to endure the battles.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,162|rbMinHp=663}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|GT-3 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[GT-3 (105 mm)|105 mm GT-3]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 72 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 17.1 || 23.7 || 28.8 || 31.9 || 33.9 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 10.7 || 12.6 || 15.3 || 16.9 || 18.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:GT-3 (105 mm)/Ammunition|M152, M416, M156, M111}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''72''' || 66 ''(+6)'' || 61 ''(+11)'' || 58 ''(+14)'' || 54 ''(+18)'' || 46 ''(+26)'' || 32 ''(+40)'' || 8 ''(+64)'' || 1 ''(+71)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* Rack 8 is a first stage ammo rack. It totals 7 shells and gets filled first when loading up the tank.
* This rack is also emptied early: the rack depletion order at full capacity is: 8 - 1 - 2 - etc. until 7.
* Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from racks 1 to 7 into rack 8. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready rack.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|L3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm L3A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,000 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Pintle || 2,000 (250) || 500 || -10°/+50° || ±180°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The Olifant Mk.1A is relegated to a support role as it lacks the armour to brawl or the mobility to flank. Players should get into a good position early in the game and use the powerful APFSDS shell of the Olifant to pick off hard targets.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Strong and accurate APFSDS and HEATFS; similar ballistics to guns found on [[Rooikat MTTD]] and the [[Rooikat 105]]
* Laser rangefinder and NVD for long-range/night operations + bonus of smoke screen and smoke shells
* Excellent gun elevation and depression angles
* The machine gun area on the turret can bounce some carelessly aimed shells
* Fuel tanks in the front and rear may protect the engine, crew and the ammo racks from HEAT shells
* Acceleration is adequate once fully spaded; keeping similar instant mobility to the [[Centurion Mk 3]] or [[Centurion Mk.5/1]]

'''Cons:'''

* Poor stock acceleration and top speed, compared to other MBTs at the BR; even inferior to the [[Chieftain Mk 5]] when spaded
* APFSDS is a tier 4 modification: early module research must be done with the more unreliable HEAT shells
* Obsolete armour for the rank: unreliable against most APFSDS or HEAT rounds even with small calibre guns
* The ammo rack to the right of the driver is a major weak spot
* The engine roof is a weak spot for aircraft with large-calibre cannons

== History ==

=== Predecessor: Olifant Mk.1 ===
The Olifant Mk.1 was a South African conversion of Centurion Mk.3s tanks to a modified standard<ref name=":0">https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/coldwar/south_africa/olifant_mk.i</ref>. Conversions began in 1979 and lasted until 1984; a total of 153 Olifant Mk.1s were converted from Centurion Mk.3 tanks. Not long after the Olifant Mk.1 entered production, T-55 tanks were obtained and tested which revealed flaws in the Olifant Mk.1 by comparison. Fortunately for the SADF, an upgrade of the Olifant Mk.1 was already under development.

=== Olifant Mk.1A ===
The Olifant Mk.1A was an upgrade for the Olifant Mk.1 that began development in 1981. The main features were a new, fully stabilized 105 mm GT3B main gun, a new fire control system, and other improvements.

'''Design'''

'''General'''

The Olifant Mk.1A has a crew of four, the driver in the hull and the commander, gunner, and loader in the turret. It maintains the base of the Centurion but with overhauls in most important aspects such as mobility and firepower.

'''Mobility'''

The Horstmann suspension of the Centurion was retained on the Mk.1A, having never been changed on the Olifant Mk.1 or Mk.1A<ref name=":0" />. Propulsion was provided by a Continental 29-litre turbo charged air cooled V12 engine, which could produce 750 horsepower. In order to prevent the dust from the environment from interfering with the engine's operation, new dust filters were added. Additionally, a new rail system was implemented that allowed the engine to be replaced in only thirty minutes with a crane. A new transmission was fitted with two forward and one reverse gear. The Olifant Mk.1A had a horsepower to ton ratio of 13.39 hp/t and could achieve a maximum speed of 45 km/h.

The fuel supply was increased from 458 litres to 1,240 litres, allowing the range of the Olifant Mk.1A to increase to 350 km at the maximum (the Centurion Mk.5 could only travel 190 km maximum). The reliability and ease of maintenance took precedence on the Olifant Mk.1A, reducing the amount of maintenance that needed to be done overall.

'''Armament'''

The main armament of the Olifant Mk.1A was a 105 mm L7 or GT3B rifled cannon, which was fully stabilized. The ammunition initially consisted of the L52A3 APDS, M456 HEAT and M156 HEAT rounds. In the mid-1980s, M111 APFSDS rounds were acquired for use on the Olifant Mk.1A as the primary anti-tank ammunition. The ammunition stowage was redesigned and as such the total amount of 105 mm ammunition was increased from 64 to 72 rounds.

The turret rotation and gun elevation mechanisms were replaced with an improved electrical gun and turret drive, this allowed the turret drive to traverse the turret 360 degrees in 20 seconds<ref name=":0" />. Also, the main gun was fully stabilized. A new fire control system (FCS) was fitted. The gunner's 6x zoom sight was replaced with an Eloptro 8x zoom sight which included a laser rangefinder accurate to up to 10 km<ref name=":0" />.

Secondary armament consisted of a coaxial 7.62 mm machine gun and a pintle-mounted 7.62 mm machine gun on the commander's cupola. At least 5,600 rounds of 7.62 mm ammunition were provided.

'''Protection'''

The Olifant Mk.1A retained the armour of the Centurion Mk 3. Needless to say, the Olifant Mk.1A was incredibly vulnerable to the T-54/55 and T-62 tanks it would face in combat, and also to RPG-7 infantry anti-tank weapons. The Olifant Mk.1A had two banks of four smoke grenades each mounted on each side of the turret for a total of eight launchers.

'''Production and Service'''

'''Production'''

The Olifant Mk.1A entered production in 1983 and entered service with the SADF in 1985. A total of 153 Olifant Mk.1As were converted from Olifant Mk.1s by the late 1980s and it was only adopted by South Africa.

'''Service'''

The first combat deployment of the Olifant Mk.1A was during the South African Border War which consisted of Operations Modular, Packer, and Hooper from 1987-1988. During these operations, South Africa came to the aid of the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) who were at risk of destruction by the People's Armed Forces of Liberation of Angola (FAPLA), who were supported by Cuba and the Soviet Union (USSR).

Eight brigades and an auxiliary support force of the FAPLA (along with Soviet advisors) moved from Cuito Cuanavale to attack the UNITA forces at Jamba and Mavinga. The SADF sent Olifant Mk.1 and Mk.1A tanks in two squadrons - of 11 tanks and two command tanks each - to Angola to reinforce the Ratel 90 armoured cars that made up the rest of the anti-armour materiel there. During the conflict, Olifants and Ratel 90s faced off against 150 FAPLA T-54 and T-55 main battle tanks (MBTs) in a large-scale conventional war fought at incredibly close ranges of only 50 to 150 m.

The Olifant Mk.1A saw its first combat with E-Squadron during Operation Modular in 1987. During that operation the tank crews preferred to load HEAT rounds rather than APFSDS rounds because HEAT rounds are effective against light and heavy armoured targets, though they could detonate prematurely upon contact with the brush. Additionally, HEAT rounds made a more noticeable visual indication of a hit on an enemy tank, and there was also a fear that APFSDS rounds would ricochet off of trees. Due to the thick brush, tank engagements occurred at very close ranges due to reduced visibility.

The first knock out of a FAPLA tank by an Olifant occurred during the Battle of Chambinga against the FAPLA 16th Brigade during Operation Modular, with a kill credited first to Lt. Hein Fourie's Olifant on 9 November 1987 followed by another credited to Lt. Abrie Strauss' Olifant.

The SADF began Operation Hooper on 2 January 1988, with F-Squadron under the command of Major Tim Rudman taking the offensive against the FAPLA 21st Brigade which was holding at the River Cuatir. During the operation, Cuban forces counterattacked in an action that resulted in the loss of several Olifant tanks; one was damaged in combat, two were detracked by anti-tank mines. The SADF mounted multiple attempts to recover the tanks but had to retreat under heavy attack by enemy guns and artillery. This left the amount of Olifants lost at three with one more damaged. Additionally, a Ratel armoured car was destroyed and four SADF soldiers were killed. The FAPLA lost 21 T-54/T-55 tanks and suffered 480 casualties.

The two detracked tanks were never moved while the third Olifant was taken by the FAPLA. Its turret was sent to the Soviet Union while the hull remains at Menongue Airport in Angola<ref name=":0" />.

=== [[wt:en/news/7052-development-olifant-mk1a-the-beast-of-desert-en|Devblog]] ===
Centurion tanks entered service with the South African armed forces already at the start of the Cold War in the early 1950s when South Africa purchased a few hundred Centurion Mk.3 tanks from the United Kingdom. However, operating the Centurions in the warm South African climate quickly turned out to be problematic as the tanks were prone to overheating. As a result, South Africa sold off many of its Centurions to Switzerland during the 1960s in order to acquire other equipment while many of the remaining tanks were relegated to reserve roles.

With conflicts in the region flaring up during the '70s, the South African armed forces were reminded of the importance of their armoured units and several projects were initiated to modernize the Centurions in service. These projects resulted in the creation of two interim models of domestic Centurions - the Skoikaan and Semel. In parallel however, the South African government formed a company in the private sector to develop a proper modernization package for the Centurion.

Work on the project began in the mid '70s, with South African engineers taking inspiration from the Israeli Sho't Centurions and applying similar upgrades to what would eventually become known as the Olifant tank. The first prototype of the Olifant rolled out of the factory in 1976 and underwent testing. Shortly afterwards, the Olifant Mk.1 entered production service in 1978, with production lasting until 1984. In the early 80s, the Olifant was upgraded to the Mk.1A modification, which featured a domestic version of the L7 cannon as well as other upgrades.

The Olifant Mk.1A remained in service with SANDF into the 1990s before being succeeded by the Olifant Mk.2. In total, over 150 Olifant Mk.1As were produced, some seeing action during the conflicts with Angola in the early 1980s.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_olifant_mk_1a Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:Olifant Mk1A WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:Olifant Mk1A WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:Olifant Mk1A WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:Olifant Mk1A WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:Olifant Mk1A WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:Olifant Mk1A WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
</gallery>

== See also ==


;Vehicles with similar chassis

* [[Centurion (Family)]]

;Related service history

* [[Eland 90 Mk.7]]
* [[Ratel 90]]
* [[T-34-85]]
* [[PT-76B]]
* [[T-54/55 (Family)]]
* [[Ratel 20]]

;Similar playstyle

* [[M60A1 (AOS)]]
* [[M48A2 G A2]]
* [[Chieftain (Family)]]
* [[OF-40 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7052-development-olifant-mk1a-the-beast-of-desert-en|[Devblog] Olifant Mk1A: The Beast of Desert]]

=== References ===
<references />

{{Britain medium tanks}}

Chieftain Mk 3

2023-03-27T13:50:39Z

U40125922: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = British medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Chieftain (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_chieftain_mk_3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}_Dozer.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.57 "Battle March"]] and established the series of end-game ground vehicle for the British tree. The Chieftain imposes a formidable force of reckoning on the battlefield with its heavily sloped armour and powerful [[Ordnance BL Tk. L11 (120 mm)|120 mm armament]].

The Chieftain series maintains the traditional UK lower front plate weak spot and strong turret armour of the Centurion series of tanks while increasing the firepower. Top speed increases from the Centurion line, but overall mobility is comparably worse.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Cast homogeneous armour (hull front, turret front half, cupola)
* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull sides, hull rear, hull roof, turret rear half, turret roof, cupola roof)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 70-127 mm (43-79°) ''Front glacis'' 76.2 mm (43-44°) ''Lower glacis'' || 88-220 (8-30°) + 13 mm ''Front Top'' 50 mm (1-31°) ''Center Top'' 37 mm (30°) + 13 mm ''Rear Top'' 37 (10°) + 13 mm ''Bottom'' || 37 mm (1-7°) || 13-28 mm
|-
| Turret || 125-250 mm (2-81°) ''Turret front'' 100-220 mm (1-53°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 45-196 mm (1-65°) || 45 mm (1°) || 50.8 mm ''Front'' 25 mm ''Rear''
|-
| Cupola || colspan="3" style="text-align:center" | 150 mm || 25 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick while bogies are 19 mm thick.
* Armour thickness throughout the vehicle is very complex and the tank relies more on sloping thickness to enhance its effective armour.
* The metal boxes on the sides of the turret and hull are 13 mm of structural steel.
* The belly of the {{PAGENAME}} is 15 mm thick (6°).

A major improvement from previous British MBTs is the Chieftain's thick, sloped armour. Reaching a compound-angled 152 mm on the turret and a respectable 86 mm at 71° on the upper front hull, the Chieftain can actually resist point-blank shots from some cannons it will face at its battle rating. In an up-tier, however, most of these benefits have less impact. This tank should avoid exposing its hull as certain tanks at 8.3 and above can penetrate the hull with an APFSDS shot, knocking out the entire crew or detonating an ammo rack. The armour around the gun breech leaves something to be desired. Lower-rank APDS rounds (e.g. a T-54/55's APDS) can penetrate the right turret face at closer ranges, incapacitating the gunner and commander. The lower glacis is 76 mm at 45°, leading to a significant disadvantage in close-range engagements. Even 7.3 tanks (and many below 7.3) will always penetrate the lower glacis. The Chieftain also has thin side armour, meaning that the tank is vulnerable to flank attacks. The thin side armour also means angling the hull is not effective. A Chieftain should remain hull down (at the very least covering the lower frontal plate) to best take advantage of its armour profile.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 1,023|rbMinHp= 584}}

The {{PAGENAME}} suffers from a poor power-to-weight ratio. It is slow to reach its top speed of 45 km/h on almost any surface and will turn very slowly even when all mobility modules are researched. The {{PAGENAME}} especially struggles uphill and when pivoting. It has decent reverse speed (~ -9.4 km/h, compared to the -13 km/h reverse speed of tanks on the Centurion chassis).

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

The first upgrades to head for are ''Parts'' and ''FPE'' for increased survivability. Then prioritize mobility upgrades (the {{PAGENAME}} needs all the mobility it can get) and gun accuracy upgrades (to further enhance its accurate fire).

;Modules to get in order, maximizing recovery and speed first:

* Parts
* FPE
* Tracks (critical for hull rotation speed)
* Adjustment of Fire
* Elevation Mechanism
* Horizontal Drive
* Other mobility upgrades as needed

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Ordnance BL Tk. L11 (120 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Ordnance BL Tk. L11 (120 mm)|120 mm Ordnance BL Tk. L11]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 53 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 21.4 || 29.6 || 36.0 || 39.8 || 42.4 || rowspan="2" | 9.75 || rowspan="2" | 8.63 || rowspan="2" | 7.95 || rowspan="2" | 7.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 13.4 || 15.8 || 19.1 || 21.1 || 22.5
|-
|}

The cannon's reload rate is much faster than average for its calibre at its BR (7.5 seconds with an ace crew).

==== Ammunition ====
The Chieftain's 120 mm gun has access to APDS and HESH when stock, with a smoke shell as only unlockable ammunition. The L15A3 APDS shell has a very good slope modifier compared to other APDS and will penetrate essentially any vehicle at its battle rating, but has relatively weak post-penetration effects. The L31A7 HESH shell is slow and behaves similarly to other HESH shells in the game. It is a more situational round.

The available ammunition allows for engaging all types of targets:

* '''L15A3''': APDS; an armour-piercing round with a discarding sabot that has a good penetration power and no explosive filler. As it lacks post-penetration damage, the tactic with an APDS shot is to either knock out the majority of the tank's crew or to provoke ammo or fuel detonation by targeting their respective locations. This requires good knowledge of the layouts of potential opposing vehicles. Use the Protection analysis feature in the hangar menu to analyse potential foes for their weak spots! Also, keep in mind that with increased armour thickness the number of shrapnel shrinks.

* '''L31A7''': HESH; a high-explosive squash head projectile works very differently from other shell types. It ignores any angle, except for ricochet, and deals damage by metal-flakes which are blown off inside the armour by the exterior explosion. To create this deadly shrapnel inside the tank, make sure to only hit armour plates which are a direct part of the interior crew compartment of the tank. Hitting exterior parts of a tank like spaced armour, the suspension, tracks etc. will not harm crew members/modules at all. Currently, only true armour thickness (as opposed to the line of sight thickness) will provide sufficient means of protection, benefiting the USSR turret designs and in general German tanks. Like all high-explosive shells, the fuse is very sensitive and can be set-off by most objects e.g. fences, trees, posts. The slow muzzle velocity of this shell can make it quite hard to hit targets at longer distances, but at the same time it can be handy because its arc trajectory allows it to land hits on enemies hiding behind shallow hills.

* '''L34''': Smoke; useful to blind enemy vehicles that are too remote for you to disable so that you can progress towards objectives.

{{:Ordnance BL Tk. L11 (120 mm)/Ammunition|Shot L15A3, Shell L31A7, L34}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x350px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! Ammo type
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
|-
| '''53''' || ''Projectiles'' ''Propellants'' || 52 ''(+1)'' 49 ''(+4)'' || 49 ''(+4)'' 37 ''(+16)''|| 43 ''(+10)'' 25 ''(+28)''|| 41 ''(+12)'' 21 ''(+32)''|| 39 ''(+14)'' 12 ''(+41)''|| 37 ''(+16)'' 5 ''(+48)''
|-
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! 9th rack empty
! 10th rack empty
! 11th rack empty
! 12th rack empty
! 13th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| 35 ''(+18)'' 1 ''(+52)'' || 30 ''(+23)''   || 25 ''(+28)''   || 18 ''(+35)''   || 11 ''(+42)''   || 5 ''(+48)''   || 1 ''(+52)''   || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* The {{PAGENAME}} uses two-piece ammunition, composed of projectiles (yellow) and propellant bags (orange). Both have separate racks.
* Projectile racks 10 to 13 and propellant racks 4 to 7 are first stage ammo racks. They total 24 shots and get filled first when loading up the tank.
* To go into battle with the front hull empty of ammunition, pack 25 ''(+28)'' shells (projectile racks 1 to 9 emptied / propellant racks 1 to 3 emptied).

==== Optics and night vision ====
The magnification of the gunner's optics on the {{PAGENAME}} is ok, but not anything special compared to other tanks it faces. There is only a minimal difference between the default magnification and the zoomed in magnification.

The {{PAGENAME}} is equipped with a fairly basic night vision system, consisting of image intensifiers and an IR searchlight, there is no thermal imager. The image intensifiers are fairly standard compared to those fitted to vehicles of the same time period, they have a lower resolution and higher noise than those fitted to later vehicles.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | {{PAGENAME}} [[Optics]]
|-
! rowspan="3" |Type of optic
! rowspan="3" |Magnification
! colspan="5" |[[Night Vision Devices]]
|-
! colspan="3" |Image Intensifier
! rowspan="2" |{{Annotation|Thermal Imager Resolution|The higher the resolution the clearer and more detailed the image is}}
! rowspan="2" |Notes
|-
! {{Annotation|Resolution|The higher the resolution the clearer and more detailed the image is}}
! {{Annotation|Light Mult|By how much the image intensifier amplifies the existing light, primarily useful for comparing image intensifiers}}
! {{Annotation|Noise Level|How much noise is present in the image (how grainy the image is)}}
|-
! Gunner's Sight
| X7.25 - X8 || 800 x 600 || 8.0 || High || Not Fitted || Image intensifier unlocked by "NVD" mod (tier 3)
|-
! Commander's View
| X6 || 800 x 600 || 8.0 || High || Not Fitted || Image intensifier unlocked by "NVD" mod (tier 3)
|-
! Driver's View
| X1 || 800 x 600 || 5.0 || High || Not Fitted || Image intensifier unlocked by "NVD" mod (tier 3)
|-
|}

The IR searchlight on the {{PAGENAME}} is mounted in a distinctive box on the left hand side of the turret, it has a wide beam compared to other searchlights; however due to its placement some of the turret blocks some of the light which would otherwise go to the right. In practice this slightly narrows the beam, compared to the theoretical angle listed below (it is still much wider than other searchlights though).

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="3" | {{PAGENAME}} [[Night_Vision_Devices#Infrared_Spotlights|IR Searchlight]]
|-
! Max Range
! Beam Width
! Location / Notes
|-
| 1,500 m || 15.3° || Searchlight mounted in box on left hand side of turret, does not pitch up or down.
|-
|}

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|L21A1 (12.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L21A1 (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm L21A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 588 (3) || 300 || - || -
|-
|}
The 12.7 mm L21A1 machine gun is specifically used to determine ranging for the main gun. While the game indicates a very short clip of 3 rounds, it is in fact more accurate to say that the MG only fires small bursts of 3 rounds. It is not fired alongside the other machine guns but through the "Fire from secondary guns" option (Controls > Ground Vehicles > Weaponry).

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|4}}

{{main|L37A1 (7.62 mm)|L8A1 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L37A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm L37A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 2,000 (100) || 650 || -10°/+50° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L8A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm L8A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 6,000 (200) || 600 || - || -
|-
|}
The small calibre of the 7.62 mm machine gun makes them largely ineffective against all armoured vehicles but the ones with an open compartment.

== Usage in battles ==


Fundamental advantages of Chieftain Mk 3 are its fast fire rate and high penetration. Few vehicles within its BR range can resist the Chieftain's firepower, with some exceptions possibly being a well-positioned [[T95]] or [[Maus]]. Because the 120 mm APDS shells have such high penetration, one should aim for critical internal modules rather than armour weak points. This requires good knowledge of the enemy tanks. You should know where shells, fuel tanks, and crew reside in the vehicles you'll face.

'''Defensively:''' 
The Chieftain's gun is very accurate when equipped with all gun modules -- move to a location overlooking enemy movements from long range. Maintain a hull-down position whenever possible to hide your weaker hull. Consider placing camouflage bushes on your turret to force your enemy to spend more time aiming.

'''Offensively:''' 
The Chieftain's common enemies are the German Leopard 1 tanks and Soviet T-54s. Aim for the hull to either knock out the enemy crew or detonate the hull ammunition stowage. Don't hesitate to try this on IS-3/4 or T-10M as your gun still has sufficient penetration.
Other tanks can be easily knocked out or disabled by aiming for crew members. Don't forget that reload time is your best friend.
While manoeuvring, beware to the width of Chieftain; it's very easy to make the mistake of exposing weak areas of the hull.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Turret armour strong enough to resist APDS, HEATFS and even some APFSDS shells
* Upper frontal plate is heavily sloped, providing adequate protection against enemies of the same rank
* Excellent reload time for a 120 mm (7.5-9.5 seconds)
* Access to 320 mm penetrating APDS shells and powerful HESH shells immediately
* 10 degrees of gun depression
* Has access to a dual plane stabiliser
* Includes an additional range finding .50 calibre machine gun that can be bound to a separate key
* Unlike other British tanks, it has a respectable reverse speed
* Only armour piercing round is unlocked from stock, so no need to grind for best shell

'''Cons:'''

* Weak hull armour overall
* Lower frontal plate is very poorly armoured and has an ammo rack behind it
* Very weak side and rear armour
* Ammo rack everywhere
* Small ammo variety (APDS or HESH only) means that it struggles with modern composite armour
* APDS deals minimal, punctual damage
* Fairly significant drop in flat angle penetration compared to preceding Conqueror
* Slowest of all MBTs
* Poor mobility on rough terrain

== History ==


===Concept===
The idea of a "universal tank" began in Britain in 1944 when Montgomery and other influential people began advocating for a more standardized tank to replace the cruiser and infantry tank classes used on the field. Efforts did not start until after World War II under the General Staff designation A45, with development starting just as the new cruiser tank [[Centurion Mk 3|Centurion]] started to enter military service. The A45 was cancelled in 1948 after development troubles and its inability to be used as a "universal" platform. Ironically, the Centurion proved to be a better "universal tank" platform than the A45.<ref name="DunstanChieftain">Dunstan Simon. ''Chieftain Main Battle Tank 1965-2003'' Great Britain: Osprey Publishing Ltd., 2003</ref>

===Development===
The [[Centurion Mk 10|Centurion]] tank series was very successful in British and its allies' service, but the development of new Soviet armour such as the [[IS-3]] and [[T-54 (1951)|T-54/55]] caused the British tank arms race to take another leap forward. The development of the Centurion's successor began in 1951 under the name ''Medium Gun Tank No. 2''. The project's priority was gun and armour, but with mobility to be equal to the Centurion's and a weight of fewer than 45 tons. The weight limit caused a program known as the Concept Study Programme to commence in order to find ways to keep the tank under that weight limit yet meet all the armour and firepower specifications. One of the concepts that came out was the usage of bagged charges, which were already in use on naval ships but were a new concept for tank ammunition. Thus, a gun using the bagged charge propellant system began development in 1954, along with a new specification by General Staff that the Medium Gun Tank No.2, now known as ''FV4201'', uses a conventional four crew tank with a turret and a better gun and armour than the Centurion. Though the [[Conqueror|Conqueror heavy tank]] was one such response to the firepower requirement, limited production cut that to only 200 units built.<ref name="DunstanChieftain">Dunstan Simon. ''Chieftain Main Battle Tank 1965-2003'' Great Britain: Osprey Publishing Ltd., 2003</ref>

The biggest bump to the firepower of the FV4201 was the recommendation of a 120 mm calibre tank cannon. Though the Conqueror used a 120 mm, the new one would incorporate more innovative features such as the bagged charges. Other design features added were the usage of a Rolls-Royce V8 engine, an auxiliary engine, an automatic gearbox, and a reclining seat for the driver. The reclining seat was a very new feature in tank design as it reduced the vehicle's hull height and thus gave it a lower profile. Leyland Motors was assigned to be the main designer for the tank despite their commitment to the Centurion production lines. The manufacturing process of the tank was decided to be cast rather than welded. In 1957, several specifications added to the FV4201 impeded its attempt to fit into the specifications. A bigger turret was designed and it mounted IR equipment for night fighting. Troops requested more frontal and turret side armour, which along with the turret change caused an increase in the tank's overall weight. A controversial decision was also made in 1957 by NATO that tanks should have multi-fuel engines. The FV4201 installed a new engine conforming to these standards in 1958, a German engine derived from a Junkers Jumo aviation engine. This extended development time since the engine compartment had to be redesigned to fit the engine, raising the total tank weight to 50 tons. The engine, designated the L60, was received with a mixed reception by the Royal Armoured Corps (RAC) and other users due to its novel features. Britain stayed as the only user of a multi-fuel engine in the Cold War as many other nations found the concept impractical and abandoned it.<ref name="DunstanChieftain">Dunstan Simon. ''Chieftain Main Battle Tank 1965-2003'' Great Britain: Osprey Publishing Ltd., 2003</ref>

As the FV4201 finalized its prototype stages, General Staff sent a revised specification for it. The tank was to have the firepower of the Conqueror with the mobility of the Centurion, an armour that maximizes the protection-weight ratio, a weight limit at 45 tons with a top speed of 26 mph and an operating range of 300 miles. The first wooden prototype was made in March 1959, with full prototypes ordered in June 1959 for troop trials. Vickers-Armstrong and Royal Ordnance Factory shared the manufacturing process and the first prototypes were built in January 1960. The first two prototypes FV4201 were trialled in Germany alongside their new [[Leopard I|Leopard 1]]. The greatest issue with the FV4201 was the engine, which caused many failures due to vibration, a result of the flawed multi-fuel concept. Trials were delayed due to a lack of parts to fix broken pieces and redesigns were requested to fix problems. After a lengthy trial period in 1962, the FV4201, now named the '''Chieftain''', was sent to the operational unit in Germany for service and combat trials. The Chieftain was finally accepted for service in 1st May 1963, despite the many faults in the design. The first deliveries of the improved and redesigned Chieftains began in mid-1965. These were the ''Chieftain Mk.1's'', which further revealed problems with the horsepower that the ''Mk.2'' was designed and sent in April 1966. The '''Chieftain Mk.3''' rolled out of the production lines in September 1969, it now weighed 53 tons and the L60 engine was producing 650 hp, still underpowered for the weight. Engine failures were still frequent and left the Chieftain with a sour note until the ''Mk.5'' variant fixed these pressing issues with a new engine and NBC protection. The Mk.5 would be the main variant of the Chieftain in British service. During its production life from 1965 to 1985, a total of 2,265 Chieftains would be built by Britain, with about 1,000 used by the British Army.<ref name="DunstanChieftain">Dunstan Simon. ''Chieftain Main Battle Tank 1965-2003'' Great Britain: Osprey Publishing Ltd., 2003</ref>

===Service===
The first British units to receive the Chieftains were the 1st and 5th Royal Tank Regiments back during the trials. The Chieftain, despite its initial engine flaws, proved to be combat-proof and could be upgraded to fit new requirements. Some of these upgrades were the addition of composite add-on armour to fight off new anti-tank technology such as the HEAT rounds. The Chieftain earned the title "most formidable tank in the world" during the 1960s Cold War period and also redefined the specifications of a "main battle tank". Its success is due to its novel main gun and heavily sloped armour, as well as satisfactory mobility and speeds able to compete with the Leopard 1. The Chieftain stayed in use by the British Army On the Rhine on the German border with the Warsaw Pact, which caused the Soviets to in turn station their best tanks such as the T-64 against the Chieftains. The British retained the Chieftains all the way until 1995 when it was replaced by the Challenger I.

The Chieftain was also successful in the export market, primarily in the Middle East to the hands of Iran, Jordan, Kuwait, and Oman. Another user of the Chieftain was Israel, with Britain initially agreeing to help set up production for locally produced Chieftains. Two Chieftains were sent for trials among the Israeli Defense Force in 1967. After two years of trials and deliberation for the acquirement of the Chieftains, Britain ultimately refused to offer the Israelis the Chieftain for political reasons. The Israeli trials benefit Britain with data on desert combat with the Chieftain, however, and the refusal did jump start Israel's tank program that would become the ''Merkava''.

Despite that, sales to the Middle East soared, with Iran being the major buyer of the Chieftains with at least 887 of mostly the MK3 and MK5 variants sent to them before their revolution in 1979. The Chieftain saw prolonged combat in the Middle East in the Iran-Iraq War, including Operation Nasr which was the largest tank vs. tank battle of the war where the Iranian Chieftains and [[M60A1 (AOS)|M60A1 Pattons]] fought against the Iraqi [[T-62]]s. After that war, the Chieftain in Kuwait then saw combat fighting the Iraqis during their invasion in 1990. Kuwait eventually replaced their Chieftains with the Yugoslavian M-84 tanks, which are a variant of the Soviet T-72s.

The Chieftain is still in service in Iran, Jordan, and Oman in varying numbers, about 100 in Iran, 350 in Jordan, and 27 in Oman. The Chieftains underwent local upgrades to keep them up to date against a modern threat, such as the Iran ''Mobarez'' Chieftain upgrade.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_chieftain_mk_3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|YN_lGpnF_nk|'''Chieftain Mk 3 Tank Review''' - ''Napalmratte''|W4R1fPzk-tU|'''Review: Chieftain Mk 3''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|D3OF9IvtHLk|'''Tank Chats #34: Chieftain''' - ''The Tank Museum''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[Chieftain (Family)]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[T-62]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/devblog/current/885|[Devblog] The Chieftain tank: A very British warlord!]]
* [[wikipedia:Chieftain_(tank)|[Wikipedia] Chieftain (tank)]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/coldwar/UK/chieftain.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> FV4201 Chieftain]
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=83 <nowiki>[Military Factory]</nowiki> Chieftain MBT]

=== References ===
<references />

{{TankManufacturer Leyland}}
{{Britain medium tanks}}

Vickers Mk.3

2023-02-15T01:00:41Z

U40125922:

{{About
| about = British medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Vickers MBT (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_vickers_mbt_mk_3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Direct Hit"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The hull armour is weak and cannot be relied upon at this battle rating, while the turret can bounce some poorly shot shells due to its sharp angles towards its side. Getting to a hull down position and utilizing the tank's ability to retreat when a shot is fired or received is necessary to prevent getting shot and damaged. The turret houses 3 of the 4 crew members, meaning that a good shot (unless protected by the gun breach) will knock out all 3 crew members and send this vehicle back to the hangar.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,116|rbMinHp=637}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Royal Ordnance L7A1 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Royal Ordnance L7A1 (105 mm)|105 mm Royal Ordnance L7A1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 50 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 26.4 || 36.5 || 44.3 || 49.0 || 52.1 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 16.5 || 19.4 || 23.5 || 26.0 || 27.7
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Royal Ordnance L7A1 (105 mm)/Ammunition|M728, Shell L35, M456}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''50''' || 39 ''(+11)'' || 35 ''(+15)'' || 10 ''(+40)'' || 1 ''(+49)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* Racks 1 and 2 deplete from left to right.
* Rack 4 is a first stage ammo rack. It totals 9 shells and gets filled first when loading up the tank.
* This rack is also emptied early: the rack depletion order at full capacity is: 4 - 1 - 2 - 3.
* Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from racks 1-3 into rack 4. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready racks.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|L21A1 (12.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L21A1 (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm L21A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,000 (3) || 300 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|4}}

{{main|FN MAG 60-40 (7.62 mm)|L3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[FN MAG 60-40 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm FN MAG 60-40]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 2,000 (200) || 600 || -10°/+50° || ±120°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm L3A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,000 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


There are multiple ways to play this tank. The most common way is utilising your good acceleration and speed to get into key sniping points on the map. Here the use of your laser rangefinder can help you snipe up to 2 km effectively. For this role, APDS is recommended due to its higher velocity than the HEATFS shell and yet still have decent penetration. Use your first shot to make the enemy tank immobile and then finish them off as it is highly unlikely they shall be able to locate you at a distance, find the proper range (unless they they happen to also have laser rangefinders which is more likely in a uptier battle) and then shoot you. To snipe, it is also advised to go hull-down and use the 10* of gun depression to reduce the amount of area exposed to enemy fire. Although not comparable to other tanks at its BR, the reverse speed of 11 km/h is still decent to get out of sticky situations.

The Vickers Mk.3 can also be used in CQC and urban fighting maps as it has good mobility and turret traverse to be able to react to an enemy in different directions. The commander's machine gun on top of the turret can be used to mark targets for friendly players as well as be able to deter incoming planes or damage them.

A mixture of APDS and HEATFS shells are good as the APDS can reliably damage an enemy tank upon penetration due to its better post-penetration damage than the HEATFS shell. The HEATFS shell can be used in scenarios such as an uptier where the APDS shell may be too lacking for penetrating much better armoured tanks and MBTs

;Notable enemies and how to engage them:

* T-55: The UFP can be penetrated by the APDS shell. It is best to shoot the right side of this tanks when head-on as it will incapacitate the driver, gunner and commander, leading to the tank's destruction. Although the left side where the ammo and fuel is stored is still a viable option, it is inconsistent and may not cause the tank to get destroyed.
* M48/M60: The UFP can bounce the APDS shell when at shot at irregular angles, it is recommended to use the HEATFS shell or attempt to hit its ammo by shooting the LFP with APDS
* Leopard A1A1: Similar to all NATO tanks, the left side of the weak front hull can be shot and knock out 3 crew members, resulting in a death or aim for the lower hull side on the left to hit the ammo storage area.

;How to counter the Vickers Mk.3

* Aim for the left side of the hull in a head on to defeat the driver, gunner and commander.
* Aim for the lower left side to detonate the frontal ammo storage.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good mobility, including good reverse speed
* Equipped with a laser rangefinder
* Gun depression angle of -10°
* Gunsight with 10x zoom
* Access to a HEATFS shell
* Stock APDS shell retains good penetration at an angle

'''Cons:'''

* Poor and unreliable armour
* 10x zoom can be impractical while aiming at close targets
* The large ammo rack in the front is still present
* Small-calibre machine guns don't offer much penetration and the [[L21A1 (12.7 mm)|rangefinding 12.7 mm MG]] fires only tracer bullets that have low penetration power

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_vickers_mbt_mk_3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7293-development-vickers-mk-3-handy-upgrades-en|[Devblog] Vickers Mk.3: handy upgrades]]

{{Manufacturer Vickers-Armstrongs}}
{{Britain medium tanks}}

Vickers Mk.3

2023-02-15T00:55:43Z

U40125922: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = British medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Vickers MBT (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_vickers_mbt_mk_3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Direct Hit"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The hull armour is weak and cannot be relied upon at this battle rating, while the turret can bounce some poorly shot shells due to its sharp angles towards its side. Getting to a hull down position and utilizing the tank's ability to retreat when a shot is fired or received is necessary to prevent getting shot and damaged. The turret houses 3 of the 4 crew members, meaning that a good shot (unless protected by the gun breach) will knock out all 3 crew members and send this vehicle back to the hangar.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,116|rbMinHp=637}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Royal Ordnance L7A1 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Royal Ordnance L7A1 (105 mm)|105 mm Royal Ordnance L7A1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 50 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 26.4 || 36.5 || 44.3 || 49.0 || 52.1 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 16.5 || 19.4 || 23.5 || 26.0 || 27.7
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Royal Ordnance L7A1 (105 mm)/Ammunition|M728, Shell L35, M456}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''50''' || 39 ''(+11)'' || 35 ''(+15)'' || 10 ''(+40)'' || 1 ''(+49)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* Racks 1 and 2 deplete from left to right.
* Rack 4 is a first stage ammo rack. It totals 9 shells and gets filled first when loading up the tank.
* This rack is also emptied early: the rack depletion order at full capacity is: 4 - 1 - 2 - 3.
* Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from racks 1-3 into rack 4. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready racks.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|L21A1 (12.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L21A1 (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm L21A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,000 (3) || 300 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|4}}

{{main|FN MAG 60-40 (7.62 mm)|L3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[FN MAG 60-40 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm FN MAG 60-40]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 2,000 (200) || 600 || -10°/+50° || ±120°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm L3A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,000 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


There are multiple ways to play this tank. The most common way is utilising your good acceleration and speed to get into key sniping points on the map. Here the use of your laser rangefinder can help you snipe up to 2 km effectively. For this role, APDS is recommended due to its higher velocity than the HEATFS shell and yet still have decent penetration. Use your first shot to make the enemy tank immobile and then finish them off as it is highly unlikely they shall be able to locate you at a distance, find the proper range (unless they they happen to also have laser rangefinders which is more likely in a uptier battle) and then shoot you. To snipe, it is also advised to go hull-down and use the 10* of gun depression to reduce the amount of area exposed to enemy fire. Although not comparable to other tanks at its BR, the reverse speed of 11 km/h is still decent to get out of sticky situations.

The Vickers Mk.3 can also be used in CQC and urban fighting maps as it has good mobility and turret traverse to be able to react to an enemy in different directions. The commander's machine gun on top of the turret can be used to mark targets for friendly players as well as be able to deter incoming planes or damage them.

A mixture of APDS and HEATFS shells are good as the APDS can reliably damage an enemy tank upon penetration due to its better post-penetration damage than the HEATFS shell. The HEATFS shell can be used in scenarios such as an uptier where the APDS shell may be too lacking for penetrating much better armoured tanks and MBTs

;Notable enemies and how to engage them:

* T-55: The UFP can be penetrated by the APDS shell. It is best to shoot the right side of this tanks when head-on as it will incapacitate the driver, gunner and commander, leading to the tank's destruction. Although the left side where the ammo and fuel is stored is still a viable option, it is inconsistent and may not cause the tank to get destroyed.
* M48/M60: The UFP can bounce the APDS shell when at shot at irregular angles, it is recommended to use the HEATFS shell or attempt to hit its ammo by shooting the LFP with APDS
* Leopard A1A1: Similar to all NATO tanks, the left side of the weak front hull can be shot and knock out 3 crew members, resulting in a death or aim for the lower hull side on the left to hit the ammo storage area.

;How to counter the Vickers Mk.3

* Aim for the left side of the hull in a head on to defeat the driver, gunner and commander.
* Aim for the lower left side to detonate the frontal ammo storage.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good mobility, including good reverse speed
* Equipped with a laser rangefinder
* Gun depression angle of -10°
* Gunsight with 10x zoom
* Access to a HEATFS shell
* Stock APDS shell retains good penetration at an angle

'''Cons:'''

* Even with the turret upgrade, the armour of the Vickers Mk.3 is poor
* Upper limit of APDS penetration is lower than preceding Vickers Mk.1
* 10x zoom can be impractical while aiming at close targets
* The large ammo rack in the front is still present
* Small-calibre machine guns don't offer much penetration and the [[L21A1 (12.7 mm)|rangefinding 12.7 mm MG]] fires only tracer bullets that have low penetration power

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_vickers_mbt_mk_3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7293-development-vickers-mk-3-handy-upgrades-en|[Devblog] Vickers Mk.3: handy upgrades]]

{{Manufacturer Vickers-Armstrongs}}
{{Britain medium tanks}}

Meteor F Mk 3

2022-10-28T15:28:23Z

U40125922: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = British jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Meteor (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=meteor_fmk3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,096 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 719 || 694 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 20.9 || 21.5 || 17.9 || 16.7 || rowspan="2" | 550
|-
! Upgraded
| 795 || 755 || 19.6 || 20.0 || 27.7 || 22.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 495 || 462 || 290 || ~9 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 450 || < 600 || < 520 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Rolls-Royce Derwent || 2
| colspan="2" | 4,393 kg || colspan="3" | 161 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 34m fuel
|-
| 443 kg || colspan="2" | Centrifugal-flow turbojet
| 4,753 kg || 5,095 kg || 5,446 kg || 5,593 kg || 5,820 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (109%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || 109%
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 34m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 900 kgf || 990 kgf
| 0.42 || 0.39 || 0.36 || 0.35 || 0.34
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 900 kgf (0 km/h) || 990 kgf (0 km/h)
| 0.42 || 0.39 || 0.36 || 0.35 || 0.34
|-
|}

[[File:Meteor III Screenshot 3.jpg|thumb]]

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 38 mm Bulletproof glass in cockpit front.
* 12.7 mm Steel plate behind the pilot.
* 12.7 mm Steel plate in the nose.
* Critical components located at the front and in the wings of the aircraft (fuel, pilot, engine, controls)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Hispano Mk.V (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 20 mm Hispano Mk.V cannons, nose-mounted (200 rpg top + 190 rpg bottom = 780 total)

== Usage in battles ==

[[File:Meteor III Screenshot 2.jpg|thumb]]

The toughest enemies to fight in the Meteor F Mk 3 are perhaps the [[Ki-200]], [[Me 163 B|Me 163]], and [[Ho 229 V3|Ho 229]]. These aircraft are faster and have better acceleration.

To combat a Ho 229: the flying wing has a worse roll rate than the Meteor so scissors are the best way to counter them. A split-S or an Immelmann is not recommended as the Ho 229 has better energy retention.

The Me 163B and the Ki-200 are in theory easier to fight since the main priority is to simply survive long enough that they run out of fuel. The Mark 3 has a higher wing lift to mass ratio. Thus, it can barely out-turn the rocket planes (even with their rocket engines enabled), but this is very dangerous and only the better-skilled pilot will come out of a turn fight alive.

If the enemy is smart enough to dive and gather a little more speed for extra manoeuvrability, go up instead and roll over the enemy. If the enemy goes up, go up with it but be prepared for a hammerhead attack. If one does come, roll yourself over to provide the minimum surface area that he can attack and pitch down to the earth (to gather a little more speed for extra manoeuvrability). Continue doing this until the rocket plane gives up or runs out of fuel.

Do not chase the rocket plane directly if it decides to flee, but climb slightly faster than the best rate of climb (approximately 190 knots / 350 km/h / 220 mph) and if he flies directly overhead for the strike, simply perform a shallow dive and pull a horizontal turn to ruin their approach. Continue doing this until they run out of fuel.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good turn rate
* The 4 x 20 mm cannons are accurate
* Effective air targets ammo belt
* Decent climb rate and energy retention
* Decent manoeuvrability at low speeds
* Good acceleration for an early jet
* Useful air brakes, hard to rip the wings if you use them correctly
* Can limp back on one engine

'''Cons:'''

* Low top speed
* Easily rips wings (500 mph+)
* Below average roll rate
* Poor rear cockpit visibility in Sim battles (hurts when performing scissors)

== History ==

[[File:Meteor III Screenshot 1.jpg|thumb|Cockpit of the Meteor Mk 3]]

The Gloster Meteor F Mk 3 was the first version of the Meteor to be produced in large numbers, the Mk 3 was significantly heavier than the previous versions of the Meteor, however, it also improved the performance dramatically, the first prototype for the Mk 3 specification (DG209) first flew on the 18th April 1944 and immediately demonstrated its performance improvement by reaching 465 mph (748 km/h) at 16,000 ft, this demonstrated a clear performance improvement over the Meteor Mk 1. The initial 15 aircraft of Mk 3 production were fitted with earlier Rolls Royce W.2B/23c Welland powerplant which was carried over from the Meteor Mk 1, these first 15 airframes of course had reduced performance due to these earlier powerplants being used, shortly after production started the Rolls-Royce Derwent I powerplant became available, this engine increased the power to 2,000 lb of thrust per engine, this was the most common powerplant for the Mk 3, although later in the production run examples were fitted with the later Derwent IV engine which increased thrust to 2,400 lb per engine, giving yet another performance improvement. The final 15 production models were fitted with extended engine nacelles in common with those developed for the later Meteor Mk 4, these increased the performance of the aircraft yet again, this would mark the final major modification to the Mk 3 design before the Meteor Mk 4 would begin production.

The Meteor Mk 3 was used operationally by No.616 and 504 squadrons during WW2, although they were only used in action by 616 squadron, during the closing months of the war in Europe the Meteor Mk 3 was used by No.616 squadron for armed reconnaissance and ground attack, it was hoped that the Meteor would encounter the Messerschmitt 262 and be able to demonstrate its superior performance, although this confrontation never took place. In the immediate post-war years the Meteor Mk 3 served as the primary fighter for the RAF, until it was replaced by the improved Meteor Mk 4 in mid 1947.

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
The Gloster Meteor was the RAF's first jet powered aircraft, and the only Allied jet to see combat in the Second World War. An all-metal, single-seat fighter with two turbojet engines, it first entered service in 1944. The aircraft's development started in August 1940 and was given Air Ministry approval in November of the same year. The Ministry of Aircraft Production drew up the official F.9/40 specifications for a heavy interceptor fighter to be designated as Type G.41; the first prototype fighter flew on March 5th 1943 at RAF Cranwell. At the beginning of 1944, the aircraft was launched into full-scale production under the designation of Gloster Meteor F.Mk.I (Type G.41A). The type entered service with No 616 Squadron who, after conversion to the Meteor from their Spitfire Mk.VIIs, used the ground breaking fighter to successfully intercept V-1 'flying bombs' which were being launched from bases in occupied Europe to attack targets in England.

The Gloster Meteor F.Mk.III fighter that entered service in August 1944 became the first full-scale production version of the aircraft. The F.Mk.III version was powered by two Rolls-Royce Derwent Mk.I turbojet engines producing 910 kg of thrust. Furthermore, a number of changes were introduced in the design: the dive flaps were improved, the fuel quantity was increased, and the airframe was partially reinforced. Externally, the F.Mk.III differed from the F.Mk.I by its new cockpit canopy, which was not side-opening but sliding.
[[File:Meteor III Screenshot 4.jpg|thumb]]
The fighter's armament consisted of four 20 mm British Hispano Mk.II cannons with 200 rounds per gun in the upper pair and 190 rounds per gun in the lower pair.

A 180-gallon (818 L) fuel tank could be suspended under the fuselage. Two 100 gallon (455 l) external fuel tanks could also be mounted under the wing panels. As an experiment, the suspension of two 500 lb (227 kg) or 1,000 lb (454 kg) bombs or 16 rockets was attempted.

The first F.Mk.III fighters produced in September 1944 had Rolls-Royce Welland engines producing 770 kg of thrust, as the Rolls-Royce Derwents were not yet mass-produced. These aircraft were designated as the G.41C. The 16th and subsequent production aircraft were the first to have standard Derwent Mk.I engines; these were designated as the G.41D. The last 15 production aircraft assembled were the G.41E version, with extended nacelles designed for the subsequent version of the F.Mk.4.

In 1948, two production aircraft were converted to the Gloster (Sea) Meteor F.Mk.3 version for Royal Navy test flights from aircraft carriers. The fighters had their armament removed, a landing hook fitted, and the gear legs reinforced. The Derwent Mk.1 engines were replaced with Derwent Mk.5 models. These aircraft performed 32 landings on board HMS Illustrious.

The Gloster Meteor was the first British production jet fighter and the only Allied jet aircraft to take part in World War II. The first F.Mk.IIIs were delivered to the front in the end of January 1945. Jet aircraft were considered to be secret and, as a result, a great number of limitations were imposed on their combat use. This included a complete withdrawal of permission to operate over German held territory in case the revolutionary technology was captured by the enemy. Meteors did eventually operate out of Belgium as part of the 2nd Tactical Air Force, where they were employed in ground attack and reconnaissance missions.

The total number of F.Mk.III Gloster Meteors built was 210, but service after the end of the Second World War would see further development and operational sorties in combat.
{{Navigation-End}}

=== Notable pilots ===
<gallery mode="packed" heights="300">
File:John_Plagis_portrait.jpg|link=User:U64962917#Plagis,_Ioannis_"John"_A.|Top scoring Southern Rhodesian ace pilot [[User:U64962917#Plagis,_Ioannis_"John"_A.|John Plagis]] and highest scoring pilot of Greek origin of WW II. Plagis flew the Meteor for several years after the end of WW II.
File:Robin_Olds_portrait.jpg|link=User:U64962917#Olds,_Robin.|In 1948, [[User:U64962917#Olds, Robin|Robin Olds]] transferred to England under the USAF/RAF exchange program where he flew the Gloster Meteor jet fighter and commanded the No. 1 Squadron at R.A.F. Tangmere.
</gallery>

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=meteor_fmk3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/264989-gloster-meteor-f-mk3/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Gloster}}
{{Britain jet aircraft}}

SMS Elbing

2022-10-16T01:39:27Z

U40125922: pretty extensive coverage of history

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_cruiser_elbing
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German light cruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Drone Age"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|150 mm/45 SK L/45 (150 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|SK L/55 (52 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|G6c (500 mm)}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good torpedo launcher angles (only lacks coverage to the direct front/rear)
* Good armour protection for its BR

'''Cons:'''

* Minimal amount of secondary armament, ineffective against medium and long-range aircraft and smaller ships
* Only 2 very slow torpedoes
* Sluggish

== History ==

SMS ''Elbing'' was a light cruiser originally ordered by the Imperial Russian Navy with the name ''Admiral Nevelskoy''. However, after the start of WW1 she was confiscated and launched in 1914 as SMS ''Elbing'', being commissioned into the High Seas Fleet in September 1915.

She only partook in 2 major operations, the first of which being the Bombardment of [[wikipedia:Bombardment_of_Yarmouth_and_Lowestoft|Yarmouth and Lowestoft]], which were of some military importance with the main aim of the raid being to draw out defensive ships to be picked off by the German battlecruiser squadron or full High Seas Fleet if necessary. ''Elbing'' herself along with light cruiser ''Rostock'' attempted to draw the defensive force of cruisers and destroyers into the waiting guns of the German battlecruisers but after seeing them the British ships turned away. Light cruiser HMS ''Conquest'' and destroyer HMS ''Laertes'' still received heavy damage as well as an unnamed light cruiser being slightly damaged. The result was inconclusive as the nearby British forces were too small to challenge the German ships and the attackers withdrew before significant forces like the British fast response battlecruiser squadron or Grand Fleet could arrive. Her second and final battle would be as part of the Battle of Jutland in May/June 1916, the only full scale battleship clash during the war and the last naval battle mainly fought by battleships. On 31st May ''Elbing'' was part of Scouting Group II - also containing her only sister ship SMS ''Pillau'' - where after first sighting the British 1st Light Cruiser Squadron after they opened fire on German torpedo boats, ''Elbing'' scored the first hit of the battle against light cruiser HMS ''Galatea'' at extreme range. After disengaging and a brief attempt to shoot down a British seaplane, Scouting Group II encountered and engaged HMS ''Chester'', scoring several hits. British battlecruisers intervened, disabling a light cruiser but scoring no hits on ''Elbing'' despite a torpedo passing under her without detonating. ''Elbing'' was later hit by a single shot from the 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron, knocking out her wireless station, killing 4 and wounding 12. After midnight the German fleet found the British rear destroyer screen, at which time ''Elbing'' was on the port side of the line and opened fire just after dreadnought SMS ''Westfalen'' began the engagement. The destroyers launched a torpedo attack forcing the 3 cruisers to turn starboard, straight towards the German line.

''Elbing'' would not return from the Battle of Jutland, as during the turn to starboard she attempted to slot between battleships ''Nassau'' and ''Posen'', but ''Posen''<nowiki/>'s captain did not realise this until it was too late to avoid a collision. ''Posen'' turned hard to starboard but still collided with ''Elbing''<nowiki/>'s starboard quarter, holing it below the waterline and flooding the starboard engine first. She took on a list of 18 degrees allowing the water to spread to the port engine room, forcing all engines to be shut down causing the ship to lose all electrical power. She was immobilised but not in danger of sinking, so after a torpedo boat took off most of her crew her commander and a few officers rigged an improvised sail to bring her closer to shore. This was short lived however, as British destroyers were sighted nearby and the order to scuttle the ship was given. The remaining men set off in the ship's cutter, rescuing a surgeon from HMS ''Tipperary'' before being met by a Dutch trawler which took them to Holland.

Over the Battle of Jutland, ''Elbing'' expended 230 rounds of 15cm ammunition and 1 torpedo, with only 4 men killed and 12 wounded.

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7866-development-sms-elbing-armor-inside-en|[Devblog] SMS Elbing: Armor Inside]]

{{ShipManufacturer Schichau-Werke}}
{{Germany light cruisers}}

Spitfire F Mk 22

2022-09-23T14:48:12Z

U40125922: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = British fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Spitfire (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=spitfire_f22
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.39]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 8,232 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 706 || 685 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 19.4 || 20.2 || 18.5 || 18.5 || rowspan="2" | 420
|-
! Upgraded
| 788 || 740 || 17.3 || 18.2 || 31.5 || 23.7
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || 260 || ~11 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 482 || < 400 || < 400 || > 500
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 42.8 mm Bulletproof glass - Armoured windscreen
* 4 mm Steel - Armoured pilot seat
* 4 mm Steel - Armour plate behind the pilot seat
* 7 mm Steel - Armour plate behind the pilot seat
* 3 mm Steel - Armoured boxes around the wing ammunition (each wing)
* 12.7 mm Steel - Armoured plate between fuel tanks.
* 6 mm Steel - Armoured plate in front of the liquid cooling system.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Suggested research order:

# Fuselage Repair
# Radiator
# Compressor
# Airframe
# Offensive 20 mm
# Engine
# Wings Repair
# Fuel Injection
# Cover (many of the upgrades are crucial to boosting the aircraft's speed and climb rate)

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Hispano Mk.II (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 20 mm Hispano Mk.II cannons, wing-mounted (150 rpg outer + 175 rpg inner = 650 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|G.P. Mk.IV (250 lb)|G.P. Mk.IV (500 lb)|RP-3}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 250 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs (500 lb total)
* 3 x 250 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs (750 lb total)
* 2 x 500 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs (1,000 lb total)
* 1 x 500 lb G.P. Mk.IV bomb + 2 x 250 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs (1,000 lb total)
* 3 x 500 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs (1,500 lb total)
* 6 x RP-3 rockets

== Usage in battles ==

[[File:FighterImage_Spitfire_F_Mk_24.jpg|thumbnail|right|The new wing shape and larger control surfaces of the 22/24 series are a distinctive feature of the aircraft.]]
The Spitfire F Mk 22 an excellent plane in realistic battles with relatively few weaknesses, so the enemy will have a really hard time shaking the Spitfire off of its tail and only few will succeed.

The Spitfire F Mk 22 can keep up with most enemies in turnfights, excluding most Japanese fighters, other British fighters and several Bf 109s, all of which are more agile. Try to maintain a speed of between 400-500 km/h IAS; this is where the plane maintains great agility, turnfighting below this velocity against planes such as the [[Bf 109 G-14]] is really not recommended. It is very important to avoid hard turning above 500 km/h IAS, because the plane may lose its wing.

The main task for a pilot is to utilize the great climb rate to gain an altitude advantage on enemy fighters (altitude allows you to control engagements). Target altitude should usually be around 5-6 km on smaller maps and 6-7 km on larger maps such as Norway and Spain. The main form of attack (especially when there are more fighters around the target) is Boom & Zoom. Energy fighting is an option too, if in a 1-vs-1 situation. The Griffon Spitfire is an excellent energy fighter, the Griffon engine provides a tremendous amount of horsepower which can be used to gain speed quickly and climb back at a safe altitude. Remember to maintain speed, altitude advantage, and judge the energy state before engaging an aircraft.

When fighting propeller aircraft, you should use your superior engine power and flight characteristics to your advantage. Fighters should be engaged based on their individual strengths and weaknesses. When facing Soviet fighters it is not recommended to duel them below 4,000 m. Maintain altitude and energy and get your guns on target. Do not commit to head-on attacks and do not burn all your energy in a turnfight with a Bf 109 or a Japanese fighter, this Spitfire handles differently to the previous ones in the series.

=== Specific enemies worth noting ===

* Heavy bombers: they are best left to heavy fighters like the [[F-82E]] twin-mustang or the de Havilland Hornet due to their more potent, nose-mounted armament. If you must engage a bomber, you should engage from directly below or above, or in a head-on. Closing in from behind or the sides, you are exposing yourself to a barrage of heavy machineguns and autocannons which will shred your flimsy airframe. Most bombers only have a single defensive armament in the nose and above and below are typically gunner dead-zones or entirely unarmed. A two-engine bomber requires both to remain aloft, take one out and it will surely die. 4-engine bombers only need 2 or 3, so aiming for the engines is ill-advised. For these, you should take out the pilot or destroy the wing-tips to cause the bomber to fall into a flat spin. Alternatively, you can take out the tail controls to disable a bomber (this however requires a rearward engagement which is most dangerous).

* Jet fighters: they are strong, though not infallible. German and Japanese jets tend to have horrific performance at altitudes exceeding 4,500 m. You can bait them up and energy trap them. Once they have lost their speed they are incredibly vulnerable due to their atrocious acceleration, which you can exploit and quickly gain on them. Soviet jets also suffer above about 5,000 m. They also have very little ammunition and low speeds. American jets are the biggest issue: your best bet is to bait them into turnfighting or losing their energy, where they are most vulnerable.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Combined || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 4 cannons with a high rate of fire
* Excellent climb rate
* Quite agile at medium and higher speeds
* Very responsive elevator (starts to lock at speeds above 600 km/h IAS)
* Greatly improved high-speed handling relative to previous spitfires
* Wing rip speed is noticeably higher than previous spitfires
* Brutal acceleration when using WEP
* Good performance at higher altitudes
* Excellent roll rate

'''Cons:'''

* From time to time, pitted against jets which can be tricky to outmanoeuvre
* Poor agility at lower speeds and significant drag/mass ratio at high speeds limits optimal combat speed range
* Easily set on fire due to the location of the fuel tanks
* Landing gear rips very easily during take-off and landing travelling in excess of 260 km/h
* Landing flaps also break off at roughly the same speed as the gear
* Somewhat sluggish without utilizing WEP
* Very sluggish when stock

== History ==


=== In-game description ===
The Supermarine Spitfire Mk.22 was a single engine, single seat fighter which served with the Royal Air Force during the early post war period. When the first Rolls Royce Griffon equipped Spitfires were tested it was obvious that a stronger airframe would be needed to harness the full power of the new engine. Added to this was the requirement for a much stiffer wing; the result of these findings was the Spitfire Mk.21. The Mk.21 was also fitted with larger ailerons and the same 2050 hp Griffon 65 engine which was fitted to the Mk.XIV and Mk.XVIII. By this point in the aircraft's life, the Spitfire was so different from RJ Mitchell's original concept that the notion of renaming the new aircraft the 'Victor' was considered.

The Air Fighting Development Unit at RAF Boscombe Down began to test the Mk.21 in late 1944, but were deeply unhappy with the new Spitfire and recommended that no further attempts were made to progress the basic Spitfire design. Chief amongst the AFDU's complaints was directional instability: Supermarine attempted to solve this problem by modifying the control surfaces. It was only with the introduction of a new, enlarged tailfin and tail plane which finally solved the instability problems.

The Mk.22 differed from the Mk.21 only in having a teardrop bubble canopy – a change which had not required a new mark number in previous Spitfires – and a different electrical system. The Mk.22, as with the Mk.21, was armed with four 20mm Hispano cannons. The Mk.22 was more prolific and more successful than the Mk.21, with some 280 aircraft being manufactured. It was used to equip No.73 Squadron and twelve squadrons of the Royal Auxiliary Air Force. In 1955 the Spitfire Mk.22 was declared obsolete by the RAF and many were exported to South Rhodesia, Syria and Egypt.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=spitfire_f22 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|MNacjyimuCQ|'''The Shooting Range #95''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 05:10 discusses the Spitfire F Mk 22.|YrotBJk-VYk|'''The Shooting Range #124''' - ''War Machines'' section at 00:28 discusses the Griffons.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/341991-supermarine-spitfire-f-mk-22/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Supermarine}}
{{Britain fighters}}

Shackleton MR.Mk.2

2022-08-29T18:22:08Z

U40125922: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=shackleton_mr_mk_2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Direct Hit"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 487 || 469 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.3 || 32.4 || 7.0 || 7.0 || rowspan="2" | 1,000
|-
! Upgraded
| 551 || 515 || 28.9 || 30.0 || 15.7 || 10.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 583 || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 425 || 404 || 301 || ~3 || ~1
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 350 || < 350 || < 350 || > ___
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The Shackleton MR.Mk.2 has large wings where the fuel tank are located. There are two pilots and eight gunners in total, but only two use turrets, the top gunner and the nose gunner, if the top gunner is taken out the Shackleton becomes much easier to kill. There is only one steel armour plate of 8 mm covering the roof turret gunner.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|G.P. Mk.IV (250 lb)|H.E. M.C. Mk.II (500 lb)|M.C. Mk.I (1,000 lb)|RP-3}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 18 x 250 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs (4,500 lb total)
* 25 x 500 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.II bombs (12,500 lb total)
* 15 x 1,000 lb M.C. Mk.I bombs (15,000 lb total)
* 8 x RP-3 rockets
* 8 x RP-3 rockets + 18 x 250 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs (4,500 lb total)
* 8 x RP-3 rockets + 25 x 500 lb H.E. M.C. Mk.II bombs (12,500 lb total)
* 8 x RP-3 rockets + 15 x 1,000 lb M.C. Mk.I bombs (15,000 lb total)

The 15 x 1,000 lb M.C. Mk.I loadout is ideal to destroy bases and airfields. Only 5 bombs are required to destroy normal bases and 3 to destroy weaker bases. A squad of 3 Shackletons is capable of destroying all bases and the airfield without landing on some maps. Given that most Air RB maps at its BR consist of respawning bases with a prevalence of attackers, you will rarely be able to drop all 15 bombs on bases without having to wait for at least 1 to respawn

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|Hispano Mk.V (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 20 mm Hispano Mk.V cannons, nose turret (300 rpg = 600 total)
* 2 x 20 mm Hispano Mk.V cannons, dorsal turret (350 rpg = 700 total)

The 20 mm cannons are mounted at the front and on top of the plane leaving directly behind and below very vulnerable.

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent climb rate for a heavy bomber
* Notably powerful WEP
* Self-sealing fuel tanks and overall structural integrity make it resilient to fires
* Heavy bomb load and access to RP-3 rockets
* 20 mm defensive cannons are strong and will destroy most pursuing aircraft

'''Cons:'''

* The bomber risks ripping wings when turning at high speeds (~500 km/h)
* No armour, prone to pilot sniping
* Lacks defensive armament for the belly and tail
* Faces enemy interceptors and fighters with high climb rate and powerful armament

== History ==


=== [[wt:en/news/7309-development-avro-shackleton-mr-mk-2-the-flight-of-a-thousand-rivets-en|Devblog]] ===

Following the end of WW2 and going into the Cold War era, submarine development had picked up so much momentum that the previously used submarine counters quickly became obsolete. In addition to this, Britain was faced with a lack of capable long-range maritime patrol aircraft after it was forced to return the lend-lease B-24 Liberator bombers it received during wartime. A stopgap solution in the form of a modified version of the Lancaster bomber was created, but the need for a dedicated maritime patrol aircraft became more and more emphasized in the postwar period.

Development of the Avro Shackleton began in 1945 after the British Air Staff expressed an interest in the conversion of the Avro Lincoln bomber into a general reconnaissance as well as rescue aircraft. As a result, the Avro Type 696 was designed. The Type 696 was primarily based on the Avro Lincoln bomber, but also borrowed some design solutions from the Avro Tudor airliner, of which the latter two themselves were derivative designs of the famous Avro Lancaster. The first prototype, designated Shackleton GR.1, successfully performed its maiden flight in March 1949 and was shortly afterwards ordered into production.

The Avro Shackleton entered service with the RAF in February 1951. The aircraft performed several roles, ranging from its primary role - maritime reconnaissance - over escort and transport duties to search and rescue, whilst being employed all across the globe. However, the aircraft saw numerous modifications during its lifetime, aimed at increasing its capabilities and addressing reliability and structural problems, although at the expense of added weight. The Shackleton and its variants continued to serve throughout the Cold War era, and in the late '80s the Avro Shackleton was finally considered obsolete.

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7309-development-avro-shackleton-mr-mk-2-the-flight-of-a-thousand-rivets-en|[Devblog] Avro Shackleton MR Mk.2: The Flight of A Thousand Rivets]]

{{AirManufacturer Avro}}
{{Britain bombers}}

Lincoln B Mk II

2022-08-27T22:52:18Z

U40125922: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=lincoln_b2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.67 "Assault"]].

The Avro Lincoln doesn't pull its punches. It takes the tremendous 14,000 lb payload from the Lancaster series, upgrades the defensive armament so it can actually defend itself, and is fitted with four boosted Rolls-Royce Merlin 68 that can propel the Lincoln to a respectable top speed for a heavy bomber. Unfortunately it still lacks a ventral or belly gunner, which means it will have difficulty defending itself from attacks from below.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


For a heavy bomber, the Lincoln is quite a responsive machine. It turns relatively well and never feels as sluggish as its contemporaries, but is still vastly inferior to the myriad of fighters that will take any chance they can get to feast on the poor Lincoln.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,791 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 495 || 480 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 36.1 || 37.0 || 2.8 || 2.8 || rowspan="2" | 1,060
|-
! Upgraded
| 533 || 513 || 34.0 || 35.0 || 7.6 || 5.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 406 || 388 || 296 || ~4 || ~2
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities
|-
! Ailerons (km/h)
! Rudder (km/h)
! Elevators (km/h)
! Radiator (km/h)
|-
| < 440 || < 440 || < 310 || > 350
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 3,600 m || 1,400 hp || 1,792 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 6,800 m || 1,300 hp || 1,614 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 6.35mm steel ammo boxes near each turret
* 8mm steel plate behind pilot

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|G.P. Mk.IV (250 lb)|G.P. Mk.IV (500 lb)|M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I (1,000 lb)|G.P. Mk.I (1,000 lb)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 14 x 250 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs (3,500 lb total)
* 14 x 500 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs (7,000 lb total)
* 6 x 1,000 lb G.P. Mk.I bombs (6,000 lb total)
* 14 x 1,000 lb M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I bombs (14,000 lb total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|Hispano Mk.V (20 mm)|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 20 mm Hispano Mk.V cannons, dorsal turret (380 rpg = 760 total)
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, nose turret (275 rpg = 550 total)
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, tail turret (1,515 rpg = 3,030 total)

== Usage in battles ==

The Lincoln plays similarly to how one would expect a British heavy bomber to; a slow, lumbering beast with a massive payload and mediocre defensive capabilities. Those who are comfortable with the Lancaster series will feel right at home with the Lincoln, as it is better in nearly every way possible. Altitude, speed and cloud cover are your best friends while flying the Lincoln, and its never a bad idea to have a few escort fighters around. Ideally, you should climb to around 5,000 - 6,000 m before beginning your run, turn your tail to any would-be attackers so you can light them up with your Hispanos, drop your bombs, then head back to base to reload your bombs for another run. Of course this strategy varies depending on your current situation and environment, but they all generally follow the same pattern.

However, there is a very specific and dangerous play style, but is also significantly more fun. This would be the gunship style, where you fly low and bomb ground targets while supporting your fighters. This play style has two distinct advantages. Firstly, it covers your weak belly from harassment and results in fighters approaching you from above or, even better, directly behind you so that you may shred them with your guns. Secondly, it allows you to be closer to your allies so that if you do get swarmed, they can assist and potentially save you. Despite this, the gunship style is very dangerous and other heavy bombers perform it better such as the [[B-29/Tu-4 (Family)|B-29/Tu-4]], [[He 177 A-5|He 177]], and [[G8N1]] due to their vastly superior defensive armament and stronger airframe.

=== Specific Enemies Worth Noting ===
Being a relatively flimsy heavy bomber, anything with guns is enough to deal with you at this rank, but there are some specific ones you should take notice of.

==== American Aircraft ====
The specific aircraft you face will depend on which game mode you are playing on due to the large 0.7 BR discrepancy between the Arcade Lincoln and the Realistic Lincoln. In Arcade, you will mainly face the late [[P-51D-30|P-51D]] and [[F-82E]] as these two can easily climb to your altitude and literally light you up with their Browning .50 cals. The [[P-47M-1-RE|P-47M]] and [[P-47N-15|P-47N]] can also be nuisances with their octuple Browning setups, sturdy airframe and powerful engine that only get more powerful the higher they have to chase you. In Realistic, things start to get a bit difficult, as you will be put up against extremely powerful and fast super props that will destroy you without a second thought. The main American ones you will encounter are the dangerous [[P-51H-5-NA|P-51H]], [[F7F-1]] and the exceptionally ruthless [[F8F-1B]]. There is not much you can do versus these aircraft aside from hope, pray, and fire your guns.

==== German Aircraft ====
Britain versus Germany is a tale that stretches as far back as WW1, and their competitiveness when it comes to their aircraft shows this. The Lincoln will have to deal with quite a few deadly opponents that can shred it in seconds, namely the [[Bf 109 G-2/trop|G-2]], [[Bf 109 G-6|G-6]], [[Bf 109 G-10|G-10]] and [[Bf 109 K-4|K-4]] of the famed Bf 109 series, the [[Fw 190 D-9|D-9]] and [[Fw 190 D-12|D-12]]/[[Fw 190 D-13|D-13]] of the legendary Fw 190 series, and the [[Do 335 (Family)|Do 335]] family, all of which mount at least one MG 151 or MK 108 cannon that load the fearsome ''Minengeschoß'' round that doubles or triples their firepower. The 109's can be dealt with via pilot snipes and engine knock-outs, but the Dora 190's and Do 335's will be a bit tougher to destroy. Go for the engines on the Dora's and the wings on the Do 335's.

==== Soviet Aircraft ====
The Soviet Union is unique in its air doctrine, as all but a select few of their fighters are spectacular at low altitudes but awful at high altitudes. The most prominent exception of this rule is the notorious [[I-225]], a modified MiG-3 that is the king of high altitude combat. It will outspeed anything above 6,000 m and beat them in the climb there as well, and mounts a quadruple ShVAK 20 mm setup that can easily destroy the Lincoln with a few well-aimed bursts to the wings. However, it has no bulletproof glass or armour so it is very susceptible to pilot snipes and engine blow-outs. When at low altitude, you should pay attention for the [[La-9]], a Modified La-7 that mounts extremely powerful 23 mm cannons and wont even need to score a critical hit to down you.

==== British Aircraft ====
While you will never have to face British aircraft in Realistic, Arcade posts this challenge. Britain has some extremely capable fighters at this tier that mount powerful guns and boast high speeds and impressive manoeuvrability. The [[Spitfire F Mk 22]] and [[Spitfire F Mk 24|Mk 24]] are highly dangerous opponents that are more than able to down you with their quad Hispano Mk.II's, and they can easily reach you at any altitudes thanks to the legendary Rolls-Royce Griffon that powers them. However, they are very weak in situations where they cant use their Griffon to the fullest, so try to aim for the engine to knock it out. The [[Hornet Mk.III]] is also a fairly dangerous aircraft, as it has superior speed to the Spitfires and a climb rate to rival them, while also mounting the improved Hispano Mk.V's. Despite its speed and armament, the Hornet is very flimsy due to its all-wooden construction, so it won't take many shots to down it.

==== Italian Aircraft ====
Although overlooked for their German counterparts, Italy has very capable fighters. The [[G.56]] is a G.55 mounted with a DB 603 engine which improves its performance and sports 3 MG 151 cannons that can wreck you in moments. Its airframe is relatively weak however, and the engine is easily damaged, so aim there. The [[Re.2005 serie 0|Re.2005]] is also highly dangerous in a high-altitude combat scenario, where it can use its high speed and powerful guns to destroy you. There is not much one can do versus a 2005 spare knocking out the engine, so aim there.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fairly responsive aileron control surfaces
* Aircraft can remain airworthy with severe damage
* Reasonably improved performance over the Lancaster
* Good defensive firepower (except against attacks from below)
* Massive payload that can destroy all 3 bases and have some bombs left over for the airfield

'''Cons:'''

* Relatively poor climb rate
* Long take off distance
* No co-pilot
* No protection against attacks from below
* 20 mm turret has limited elevation and depression
* Does not stand a chance against heavy fighters and interceptors like the [[F-82E]]
* No access to [[wikipedia:Automatic_Gun-Laying_Turret|"Village Inn" Automatic Gun-Laying Turret]] present in model

== History ==

The Avro Lincoln was developed during World War 2. It was developed from the famous Avro Lancaster. In fact the first few Lincoln prototypes were called Lancaster IV and V. It first made it's maiden flight on June 9, 1944, and achieved operational status in August, 1945. It is the RAF's last piston-engined heavy bomber. The actual design came from Air Ministry specification B.14/43. Which called for an improved piston-engined heavy bomber to replace the Avro Lancaster, Short Stirling, and Handley Page Halifax. The first designs differed from the Lancaster by having a longer, stronger wing span. It also had an enlarged fuselage that could carry 4.5 tonnes of various armaments and bombs. It also has a higher operational ceiling and longer range compared to the Avro Lancaster.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=lincoln_b2 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


* [[Lancaster B Mk I]] and [[Lancaster B Mk III|Mk III]], the foundation the Lincoln was built off of.

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/355483-avro-lincoln-ii/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Avro}}
{{Britain bombers}}

Lincoln B Mk II

2022-08-27T22:51:33Z

U40125922: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=lincoln_b2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.67 "Assault"]].

The Avro Lincoln doesn't pull its punches. It takes the tremendous 14,000 lb payload from the Lancaster series, upgrades the defensive armament so it can actually defend itself, and is fitted with four boosted Rolls-Royce Merlin 68 that can propel the Lincoln to a respectable top speed for a heavy bomber. Unfortunately it still lacks a ventral or belly gunner, which means it will have difficulty defending itself from attacks from below.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


For a heavy bomber, the Lincoln is quite a responsive machine. It turns relatively well and never feels as sluggish as its contemporaries, but is still vastly inferior to the myriad of fighters that will take any chance they can get to feast on the poor Lincoln.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,791 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 495 || 480 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 36.1 || 37.0 || 2.8 || 2.8 || rowspan="2" | 1,060
|-
! Upgraded
| 533 || 513 || 34.0 || 35.0 || 7.6 || 5.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 406 || 388 || 296 || ~4 || ~2
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities
|-
! Ailerons (km/h)
! Rudder (km/h)
! Elevators (km/h)
! Radiator (km/h)
|-
| < 440 || < 440 || < 310 || > 350
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 3,600 m || 1,400 hp || 1,792 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 6,800 m || 1,300 hp || 1,614 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 6.35mm steel ammo boxes near each turret
* 8mm steel plate behind pilot

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|G.P. Mk.IV (250 lb)|G.P. Mk.IV (500 lb)|M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I (1,000 lb)|G.P. Mk.I (1,000 lb)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 14 x 250 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs (3,500 lb total)
* 14 x 500 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs (7,000 lb total)
* 6 x 1,000 lb G.P. Mk.I bombs (6,000 lb total)
* 14 x 1,000 lb M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I bombs (14,000 lb total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|Hispano Mk.V (20 mm)|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 20 mm Hispano Mk.V cannons, dorsal turret (380 rpg = 760 total)
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, nose turret (275 rpg = 550 total)
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, tail turret (1,515 rpg = 3,030 total)

== Usage in battles ==

The Lincoln plays similarly to how one would expect a British heavy bomber to; a slow, lumbering beast with a massive payload and mediocre defensive capabilities. Those who are comfortable with the Lancaster series will feel right at home with the Lincoln, as it is better in nearly every way possible. Altitude, speed and cloud cover are your best friends while flying the Lincoln, and its never a bad idea to have a few escort fighters around. Ideally, you should climb to around 5,000 - 6,000 m before beginning your run, turn your tail to any would-be attackers so you can light them up with your Hispanos, drop your bombs, then head back to base to reload your bombs for another run. Of course this strategy varies depending on your current situation and environment, but they all generally follow the same pattern.

However, there is a very specific and dangerous play style, but is also significantly more fun. This would be the gunship style, where you fly low and bomb ground targets while supporting your fighters. This play style has two distinct advantages. Firstly, it covers your weak belly from harassment and results in fighters approaching you from above or, even better, directly behind you so that you may shred them with your guns. Secondly, it allows you to be closer to your allies so that if you do get swarmed, they can assist and potentially save you. Despite this, the gunship style is very dangerous and other heavy bombers perform it better such as the [[B-29/Tu-4 (Family)|B-29/Tu-4]], [[He 177 A-5|He 177]], and [[G8N1]] due to their vastly superior defensive armament and stronger airframe.

=== Specific Enemies Worth Noting ===
Being a relatively flimsy heavy bomber, anything with guns is enough to deal with you at this rank, but there are some specific ones you should take notice of.

==== American Aircraft ====
The specific aircraft you face will depend on which game mode you are playing on due to the large 0.7 BR discrepancy between the Arcade Lincoln and the Realistic Lincoln. In Arcade, you will mainly face the late [[P-51D-30|P-51D]] and [[F-82E]] as these two can easily climb to your altitude and literally light you up with their Browning .50 cals. The [[P-47M-1-RE|P-47M]] and [[P-47N-15|P-47N]] can also be nuisances with their octuple Browning setups, sturdy airframe and powerful engine that only get more powerful the higher they have to chase you. In Realistic, things start to get a bit difficult, as you will be put up against extremely powerful and fast super props that will destroy you without a second thought. The main American ones you will encounter are the dangerous [[P-51H-5-NA|P-51H]], [[F7F-1]] and the exceptionally ruthless [[F8F-1B]]. There is not much you can do versus these aircraft aside from hope, pray, and fire your guns.

==== German Aircraft ====
Britain versus Germany is a tale that stretches as far back as WW1, and their competitiveness when it comes to their aircraft shows this. The Lincoln will have to deal with quite a few deadly opponents that can shred it in seconds, namely the [[Bf 109 G-2/trop|G-2]], [[Bf 109 G-6|G-6]], [[Bf 109 G-10|G-10]] and [[Bf 109 K-4|K-4]] of the famed Bf 109 series, the [[Fw 190 D-9|D-9]] and [[Fw 190 D-12|D-12]]/[[Fw 190 D-13|D-13]] of the legendary Fw 190 series, and the [[Do 335 (Family)|Do 335]] family, all of which mount at least one MG 151 or MK 108 cannon that load the fearsome ''Minengeschoß'' round that doubles or triples their firepower. The 109's can be dealt with via pilot snipes and engine knock-outs, but the Dora 190's and Do 335's will be a bit tougher to destroy. Go for the engines on the Dora's and the wings on the Do 335's.

==== Soviet Aircraft ====
The Soviet Union is unique in its air doctrine, as all but a select few of their fighters are spectacular at low altitudes but awful at high altitudes. The most prominent exception of this rule is the notorious [[I-225]], a modified MiG-3 that is the king of high altitude combat. It will outspeed anything above 6,000 m and beat them in the climb there as well, and mounts a quadruple ShVAK 20 mm setup that can easily destroy the Lincoln with a few well-aimed bursts to the wings. However, it has no bulletproof glass or armour so it is very susceptible to pilot snipes and engine blow-outs. When at low altitude, you should pay attention for the [[La-9]], a Modified La-7 that mounts extremely powerful 23 mm cannons and wont even need to score a critical hit to down you.

==== British Aircraft ====
While you will never have to face British aircraft in Realistic, Arcade posts this challenge. Britain has some extremely capable fighters at this tier that mount powerful guns and boast high speeds and impressive manoeuvrability. The [[Spitfire F Mk 22]] and [[Spitfire F Mk 24|Mk 24]] are highly dangerous opponents that are more than able to down you with their quad Hispano Mk.II's, and they can easily reach you at any altitudes thanks to the legendary Rolls-Royce Griffon that powers them. However, they are very weak in situations where they cant use their Griffon to the fullest, so try to aim for the engine to knock it out. The [[Hornet Mk.III]] is also a fairly dangerous aircraft, as it has superior speed to the Spitfires and a climb rate to rival them, while also mounting the improved Hispano Mk.V's. Despite its speed and armament, the Hornet is very flimsy due to its all-wooden construction, so it won't take many shots to down it.

==== Italian Aircraft ====
Although overlooked for their German counterparts, Italy has very capable fighters. The [[G.56]] is a G.55 mounted with a DB 603 engine which improves its performance and sports 3 MG 151 cannons that can wreck you in moments. Its airframe is relatively weak however, and the engine is easily damaged, so aim there. The [[Re.2005 serie 0|Re.2005]] is also highly dangerous in a high-altitude combat scenario, where it can use its high speed and powerful guns to destroy you. There is not much one can do versus a 2005 spare knocking out the engine, so aim there.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fairly responsive aileron control surfaces
* Aircraft can remain airworthy with severe damage
* Reasonably improved performance over the Lancaster
* Good defensive firepower (except against attacks from below)
* Massive payload that can destroy all 3 bases and have some bombs left over for the airfield

'''Cons:'''

* Relatively poor climb rate
* Long take off distance
* No co-pilot
* No protection against attacks from below
* 20 mm turret has limited elevation and depression
* Does not stand a chance against heavy fighters and interceptors like the [[F-82E]]
* No access to "Village Inn" [[wikipedia:Automatic_Gun-Laying_Turret|automatic gun-laying turret]] present in model

== History ==

The Avro Lincoln was developed during World War 2. It was developed from the famous Avro Lancaster. In fact the first few Lincoln prototypes were called Lancaster IV and V. It first made it's maiden flight on June 9, 1944, and achieved operational status in August, 1945. It is the RAF's last piston-engined heavy bomber. The actual design came from Air Ministry specification B.14/43. Which called for an improved piston-engined heavy bomber to replace the Avro Lancaster, Short Stirling, and Handley Page Halifax. The first designs differed from the Lancaster by having a longer, stronger wing span. It also had an enlarged fuselage that could carry 4.5 tonnes of various armaments and bombs. It also has a higher operational ceiling and longer range compared to the Avro Lancaster.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=lincoln_b2 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


* [[Lancaster B Mk I]] and [[Lancaster B Mk III|Mk III]], the foundation the Lincoln was built off of.

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/355483-avro-lincoln-ii/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Avro}}
{{Britain bombers}}

HMS Hood

2022-07-18T17:20:19Z

U40125922: /* Media */

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_battlecruiser_hood
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British battlecruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Danger Zone"]].

Conceptualized during World War I as the ultimate "super dreadnought" to counter any Imperial German ship, the Admiral-class battlecruiser underwent several redesigns (including being downgraded from the originally intended battleship design) before being finalized in 1918. The HMS Hood, the sole completed ship of the class, represents a compromise between her ambitious design and the financial downturn after the Great War that forced the British to reduce her capabilities.

Nevertheless, when the "Mighty Hood" was launched in 1920, she became the largest and heaviest warship in the world, a title she held until 1940 when the Japanese launched the Yamato-class battleship. Due to this, the HMS Hood became the status symbol of the might of the British Empire and the pride of the Royal Navy, up until the fateful battle at the Denmark Strait in 1941.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

Hood, while not possessing very exceptional armor, is still reasonably protected, being superior in belt armor to Kongo, and of course being leaps and bounds over the previous British battlecruiser, HMS Invincible. Her armor consists of three layers, all rolled cemented armor, extending from below the waterline to the main deck, and is inclined slightly, which marginally improves its effectiveness. The lowest layer, the main belt, is 305 mm thick and extends from the forward to aft turrets on the ship, and on par with some battleships, providing protection against battleship shells only when well angled. The second layer is 178 mm thick, extending as far as the main belt, and is more than enough to shrug off cruiser shells. The top layer, 127 mm, extends from just aft of A turret to the end of the main deck.

As in real life, her deck armor is quite disappointing, with the three layers of deck armor being 32 mm, 51 mm, and 25 mm thick from top to bottom. Her turrets have a 381 mm thick turret face, tapering off to 305 mm and then 279 mm on the sides. Her barbettes have 305 mm above the deck, and 229 mm - 152 mm below the deck, with 127 mm further down. She also has an armored conning tower, with 254 mm on the front and 279 mm on the sides.

Overall, her armor protection is not very impressive, however it will provide some degree of protection, and is certainly better than certain other capital ships.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

The Hood is a very fast capital ship, capable of 57 km/h in RB, making her slightly faster than the IJN Kongo, and slightly slower than the Scharnhorst and Kronshtadt. Her acceleration is as can be expected of a ship her size, being quite poor. In addition, she struggles to turn, having an enormous turning radius and bleeding lots of speed while maneuvering.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|15 inch/42 BL Mark I (381 mm)}}

Hood currently possesses the largest guns in the game, with four twin 15"/42 BL Mark I cannons, larger than those on the Bayern by 1 mm. She has two rounds available, 15 inch 4crh CPC, a SAPCBC shell, and 15 inch 4crh Mark XIIa APC, an APCBC shell. The SAPCBC shell, while having a smaller filler than the equivalent SAP shells on the Bayern and the Japanese 14", is still the strongest SAP shell in the game, solely due to its penetration. Penetrating 487 mm at point blank, it has very minimal penetration falloff, and it still penetrates 308 mm at 15 km, while the Bayern can only pen 170 mm at that range, while the Japanese 14" SAP can't even reach that penetration at 1km. This allows the Hood to smash any battleship designed before 'all or nothing' armor schemes came into wide use, as while their main belts may be able to hold up, their weaker upper belts stand absolutely no chance, and several of these SAP shells finding their way around the realms of enemy ammunition magazines will have very entertaining results. Due to the high filler, even hits to the upper hull may cause a large enough explosion to detonate ammunition several decks below.

Hood also has an APCBC shell, which is fairly strong with ~20 kg of TNT effective filler. However, it is advisable just use the SAP. It should be noted that Hood's accuracy is a bit subpar, which means that you can't simply play as a Death Star and obliterate every battleship you see.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|4 inch/45 Mark XVI (102 mm)}}

Hood has the standard British secondaries of seven twin 4"/45 Mark XVI cannons. These guns do barely any damage, and are most useful in an AA role. Unlike other British ships using the same gun, Hood's secondaries do not get an HE-VT shell, due to the fact that she was sunk before the shell was developed in real life. However, her HE-TF can still deal with most aircraft.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|2pdr QF Mk.VIII (40 mm)|Vickers Mk.V (12.7 mm)}}

Unlike the nest of light AA guns that can be seen on other WW2-era capital ships, Hood's AA only consists of seven mounts. However, three of those mounts are the glorious octuple 40 mm 2pdr QF Mk.VIII, which will immediately shred anything they see, due to the sheer amount of 40 mm shells they can throw at the foe. The other four mounts are the more lackluster quadruple 12.7 mm Vickers Mk.V, which are essentially just there for moral support.

However, the true moral support comes in the form of five 20-barreled UP (Unrotated Projectile) rocket launchers, designed to hurl rockets at enemy aircraft. While they are indicated as 'Auxiliary caliber guns' in-game, due to the fact that testing proved them as useless in-game as in real life, they were not implemented.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Mk.IV (533 mm)}}

Hood has 12 533 mm Mk.IV torpedoes, the same seen on HMS Marlborough, in four launchers, two per side, near the back of the superstructure. The torpedoes are awful, slow, hard to aim, and worst of all, unlike other WW1-era ships, these launchers and their reserve torpedoes are located above the waterline in very exposed positions, meaning they are prone to explode when hit. It is not advised to take them.

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* Features eight 381 mm (15 inches) cannons that can decimate anything it hits
* Good top speed for her size
* Large profile allows it to absorb a lot of shells and contain the damage

'''Cons:'''

* Extremely huge, can be easily spotted and hit by any weapons
* Relatively weak armour plating on the upper section of the ship
* Low secondary and anti-air defense for such a large ship

== History ==


=== [[wt:en/news/7691-development-hms-hood-the-imperial-representative-en|Devblog]] ===
The British Admiral-class battlecruisers date back to 1915, when an original battleship design with characteristics similar to Queen Elizabeth-class was converted into 30 knot battlecruisers. In 1916, the project was approved and orders were placed at the shipyards, but the Battle of Jutland, which showed the full omissions in the defense of the British battlecruisers, required new improvements to the project, which dragged on until August 1917.

Although four Admiral-class battlecruisers were ordered and laid down in shipyards, only one would be completed. The one ship of the class that would see completion would become HMS Hood, named after an 18th century British admiral. The ship was laid down in the John Brown & Company shipyard in Scotland in September 1916. Following its launching in 1918 and subsequent fitting-out, HMS Hood was commissioned into the ranks of the Royal Navy in May 1920, thus also becoming the largest warship in service at the time.

Upon entering service, HMS Hood took part in several showing-the-flag and training exercises in the interwar period. In November 1923 the ship set out to circumnavigate the globe, visiting ports in South Africa, India, Australia, New Zealand, Canada and the United States before returning to British waters in September 1924.

At the outbreak of WWII, the recently overhauled HMS Hood was operating in the area around Iceland, hunting for German vessels. After the Fall of France, HMS Hood took part in Operation Catapult - the destruction of the French fleet at Mers-el-Kébir in July 1940. However, HMS Hood’s most famous and final engagement would become that of the Battle of the Denmark Strait in which the warship, along with HMS Prince of Wales clashed with the German battleship Bismarck and the accompanying heavy cruiser Prinz Eugen. Suffering a lethal strike to one of its magazines shortly after the start of the engagement, HMS Hood blew up and sank within three minutes with catastrophic losses. Due to its popularity among the British at the time and its tragic loss during the vessel’s fateful last engagement, HMS Hood retains its legendary status and is to this day one of the most well-known British warships.

== Media ==
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1998-035-05, Schlachtschiff Bismarck, Seegefecht.jpg|thumb|''HMS Hood's'' explosion with ''HMS Prince of Wales'' near, taken from [[Prinz Eugen|''Prinz Eugen'']] ]]
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7691-development-hms-hood-the-imperial-representative-en|[Devblog] HMS Hood: The Imperial Representative]]

{{Template:ShipManufacturer John Brown and Company}}
{{Britain battlecruisers}}

HMS Hood

2022-07-18T17:19:47Z

U40125922: /* Media */

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_battlecruiser_hood
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British battlecruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Danger Zone"]].

Conceptualized during World War I as the ultimate "super dreadnought" to counter any Imperial German ship, the Admiral-class battlecruiser underwent several redesigns (including being downgraded from the originally intended battleship design) before being finalized in 1918. The HMS Hood, the sole completed ship of the class, represents a compromise between her ambitious design and the financial downturn after the Great War that forced the British to reduce her capabilities.

Nevertheless, when the "Mighty Hood" was launched in 1920, she became the largest and heaviest warship in the world, a title she held until 1940 when the Japanese launched the Yamato-class battleship. Due to this, the HMS Hood became the status symbol of the might of the British Empire and the pride of the Royal Navy, up until the fateful battle at the Denmark Strait in 1941.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

Hood, while not possessing very exceptional armor, is still reasonably protected, being superior in belt armor to Kongo, and of course being leaps and bounds over the previous British battlecruiser, HMS Invincible. Her armor consists of three layers, all rolled cemented armor, extending from below the waterline to the main deck, and is inclined slightly, which marginally improves its effectiveness. The lowest layer, the main belt, is 305 mm thick and extends from the forward to aft turrets on the ship, and on par with some battleships, providing protection against battleship shells only when well angled. The second layer is 178 mm thick, extending as far as the main belt, and is more than enough to shrug off cruiser shells. The top layer, 127 mm, extends from just aft of A turret to the end of the main deck.

As in real life, her deck armor is quite disappointing, with the three layers of deck armor being 32 mm, 51 mm, and 25 mm thick from top to bottom. Her turrets have a 381 mm thick turret face, tapering off to 305 mm and then 279 mm on the sides. Her barbettes have 305 mm above the deck, and 229 mm - 152 mm below the deck, with 127 mm further down. She also has an armored conning tower, with 254 mm on the front and 279 mm on the sides.

Overall, her armor protection is not very impressive, however it will provide some degree of protection, and is certainly better than certain other capital ships.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

The Hood is a very fast capital ship, capable of 57 km/h in RB, making her slightly faster than the IJN Kongo, and slightly slower than the Scharnhorst and Kronshtadt. Her acceleration is as can be expected of a ship her size, being quite poor. In addition, she struggles to turn, having an enormous turning radius and bleeding lots of speed while maneuvering.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|15 inch/42 BL Mark I (381 mm)}}

Hood currently possesses the largest guns in the game, with four twin 15"/42 BL Mark I cannons, larger than those on the Bayern by 1 mm. She has two rounds available, 15 inch 4crh CPC, a SAPCBC shell, and 15 inch 4crh Mark XIIa APC, an APCBC shell. The SAPCBC shell, while having a smaller filler than the equivalent SAP shells on the Bayern and the Japanese 14", is still the strongest SAP shell in the game, solely due to its penetration. Penetrating 487 mm at point blank, it has very minimal penetration falloff, and it still penetrates 308 mm at 15 km, while the Bayern can only pen 170 mm at that range, while the Japanese 14" SAP can't even reach that penetration at 1km. This allows the Hood to smash any battleship designed before 'all or nothing' armor schemes came into wide use, as while their main belts may be able to hold up, their weaker upper belts stand absolutely no chance, and several of these SAP shells finding their way around the realms of enemy ammunition magazines will have very entertaining results. Due to the high filler, even hits to the upper hull may cause a large enough explosion to detonate ammunition several decks below.

Hood also has an APCBC shell, which is fairly strong with ~20 kg of TNT effective filler. However, it is advisable just use the SAP. It should be noted that Hood's accuracy is a bit subpar, which means that you can't simply play as a Death Star and obliterate every battleship you see.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|4 inch/45 Mark XVI (102 mm)}}

Hood has the standard British secondaries of seven twin 4"/45 Mark XVI cannons. These guns do barely any damage, and are most useful in an AA role. Unlike other British ships using the same gun, Hood's secondaries do not get an HE-VT shell, due to the fact that she was sunk before the shell was developed in real life. However, her HE-TF can still deal with most aircraft.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|2pdr QF Mk.VIII (40 mm)|Vickers Mk.V (12.7 mm)}}

Unlike the nest of light AA guns that can be seen on other WW2-era capital ships, Hood's AA only consists of seven mounts. However, three of those mounts are the glorious octuple 40 mm 2pdr QF Mk.VIII, which will immediately shred anything they see, due to the sheer amount of 40 mm shells they can throw at the foe. The other four mounts are the more lackluster quadruple 12.7 mm Vickers Mk.V, which are essentially just there for moral support.

However, the true moral support comes in the form of five 20-barreled UP (Unrotated Projectile) rocket launchers, designed to hurl rockets at enemy aircraft. While they are indicated as 'Auxiliary caliber guns' in-game, due to the fact that testing proved them as useless in-game as in real life, they were not implemented.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Mk.IV (533 mm)}}

Hood has 12 533 mm Mk.IV torpedoes, the same seen on HMS Marlborough, in four launchers, two per side, near the back of the superstructure. The torpedoes are awful, slow, hard to aim, and worst of all, unlike other WW1-era ships, these launchers and their reserve torpedoes are located above the waterline in very exposed positions, meaning they are prone to explode when hit. It is not advised to take them.

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* Features eight 381 mm (15 inches) cannons that can decimate anything it hits
* Good top speed for her size
* Large profile allows it to absorb a lot of shells and contain the damage

'''Cons:'''

* Extremely huge, can be easily spotted and hit by any weapons
* Relatively weak armour plating on the upper section of the ship
* Low secondary and anti-air defense for such a large ship

== History ==


=== [[wt:en/news/7691-development-hms-hood-the-imperial-representative-en|Devblog]] ===
The British Admiral-class battlecruisers date back to 1915, when an original battleship design with characteristics similar to Queen Elizabeth-class was converted into 30 knot battlecruisers. In 1916, the project was approved and orders were placed at the shipyards, but the Battle of Jutland, which showed the full omissions in the defense of the British battlecruisers, required new improvements to the project, which dragged on until August 1917.

Although four Admiral-class battlecruisers were ordered and laid down in shipyards, only one would be completed. The one ship of the class that would see completion would become HMS Hood, named after an 18th century British admiral. The ship was laid down in the John Brown & Company shipyard in Scotland in September 1916. Following its launching in 1918 and subsequent fitting-out, HMS Hood was commissioned into the ranks of the Royal Navy in May 1920, thus also becoming the largest warship in service at the time.

Upon entering service, HMS Hood took part in several showing-the-flag and training exercises in the interwar period. In November 1923 the ship set out to circumnavigate the globe, visiting ports in South Africa, India, Australia, New Zealand, Canada and the United States before returning to British waters in September 1924.

At the outbreak of WWII, the recently overhauled HMS Hood was operating in the area around Iceland, hunting for German vessels. After the Fall of France, HMS Hood took part in Operation Catapult - the destruction of the French fleet at Mers-el-Kébir in July 1940. However, HMS Hood’s most famous and final engagement would become that of the Battle of the Denmark Strait in which the warship, along with HMS Prince of Wales clashed with the German battleship Bismarck and the accompanying heavy cruiser Prinz Eugen. Suffering a lethal strike to one of its magazines shortly after the start of the engagement, HMS Hood blew up and sank within three minutes with catastrophic losses. Due to its popularity among the British at the time and its tragic loss during the vessel’s fateful last engagement, HMS Hood retains its legendary status and is to this day one of the most well-known British warships.

== Media ==
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1998-035-05, Schlachtschiff Bismarck, Seegefecht.jpg|thumb|''HMS Hood's'' explosion with ''HMS Prince of Wales'' near, taken from [[Prinz Eugen|''Prinz Eugen'']] ]]
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7691-development-hms-hood-the-imperial-representative-en|[Devblog] HMS Hood: The Imperial Representative]]

{{Template:ShipManufacturer John Brown and Company}}
{{Britain battlecruisers}}

File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1998-035-05, Schlachtschiff Bismarck, Seegefecht.jpg

2022-07-18T17:14:43Z

U40125922: Hood exploding, taken from Prinz Eugen

Hood exploding, taken from Prinz Eugen

Sakeen

2022-06-20T15:56:15Z

U40125922: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=s_199
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Israeli fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Winged Lions"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 561 || 548 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 23.3 || 24.3 || 7.6 || 7.6 || rowspan="2" | 350
|-
! Upgraded
| 621 || 590 || 20.9 || 22.0 || 15.3 || 11.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 790 || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 438 || 409 || 260 || ~__ || ~__
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 450 || < 390 || < 450 || > ___
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 131 (13 mm)|MG 17 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** 2 x 13 mm MG 131 machine guns, nose-mounted (250 rpg = 500 total) + 2 x 7.92 mm MG 17 machine guns, wing-mounted (300 rpg = 600 total)
** 2 x 13 mm MG 131 machine guns, nose-mounted (250 rpg = 500 total) + 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, wing-mounted (135 rpg = 270 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SD50 (50 kg)|SC50JA (50 kg)|SD70 (70 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x 70 kg SD70 bombs (280 kg total)
* 4 x 50 kg SD50 bombs (200 kg total)
* 4 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (200 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==

The S-199 as has awful energy retention meaning that the aircraft is not effective at turnfighting. It also lacks manoeuvrability and has a poor climb rate. In Realistic Battles, the fighter should be used as a support role. The S-199 is effective at boom-and-zooming and is able to knock out an enemy aircraft quickly with a few bursts.

First, you level out on the runway after taking off and hit 300 km/h IAS, then you climb to the side opposite to the one facing the enemy airfield and lower your climb angle once you hit 250-270 km/h IAS. Continue climbing until you reach 4,500 m, despite the stats, the S-199 has a pretty average climb and if you utilise your climb speed well, you can find yourself at comparable altitude. It's a good option to let your teammates engage first, and drive the enemy to a lower altitude than you, after that you can Boom-n-Zoom them.

The S-199 gets one decent turn before it loses its energy, that one turn is useful against Yak-9, La-5, and MiG-3s. If you miss this shot, dive to get a little speed before thinking about manoeuvring, a good defensive move will be to cut throttle to 50% and roll out of the guns of the plane chasing you, if you keep your wing perpendicular to the enemies you should be ok for a while, force an overshoot, then either spiral away to the opposite side and run to a teammate, or if you have enough speed, you can try to go for the shot. It may be a little tough to fly, but with the correct attitude and spirit, it can do wonders. Remember: superior tactics can beat superior machinery, applying a bit of forward thinking can save you your repair costs, and it's always best to fly with a teammate, maybe even a fellow S-199.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* Excellent firepower with upgraded guns and gunpods
* Fairly stable firing platform
* Small bombs available for ground attack
* Robust airframe

'''Cons:'''

* Poor climb rate
* Poor energy retention
* Sluggish manoeuvrability
* Overheats very quickly under WEP
* Stock guns have poor accuracy and precision

== History ==

At its inception, the Israeli Air Force sought any fighter aircraft it could acquire to supplement its fledgeling military. Unfortunately for the IAF, there were strict arms embargoes put in place on Israel which made it challenging. The IAF's purchasing agents then set out and approached aircraft manufacturers across Europe to find one who might be able to provide fighters.

The Czech manufacturer Avia had been building Messerschmitt Bf 109s for the Germans during WW2, and continued to do so even after the war. Initially in the postwar era, Avia produced the [[Bf 109 G-10]] with the DB 605 engine, a variant they designated the S-99. When the limited stocks of DB 605s ran out after only 21 S-99s constructed, subsequent Bf 109 G airframes were modified to use the Junkers Jumo 211F engines.

The Bf 109 + Jumo 211F combination proved less than successful: the engine and propeller were designed for heavy bomber aircraft like the Heinkel [[He 111 (Family)|He 111]] which required torque, not light fighter aircraft like the Bf 109 which require speed. The early-war designed Jumo 211F also had nearly half the performance of the mid-war designed DB 605. Due to the design of the engine itself, the Jumo 211F could not be fitted with an internal cannon running through the propeller hub like the DB 605, so the S-199s were equipped with solid nose cones. The cannon armament was relocated to the wings using Rüstsatz gunpod kits. These changes produced a fighter which was slow, had poor manoeuvrability, was difficult to control, and was seriously overweight for its engine output. Nevertheless, Avia made 559 S-199 fighters, predominately for the Czechoslovak Air Force.
[[File:S-199 vs C-47, Tel Aviv.jpg|alt=IAF pilot Modi Alon chasing an Egyptian C-47 over Tel Aviv, June 3, 1948|thumb|200px|Alon chasing an Egyptian C-47 over Tel Aviv, 1948]]
In 1947, Israel negotiated the purchase of twenty-five Avia S-199s, which arrived at the start of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. It was here that many S-199 pilots encountered reliability and combat issues with the aircraft which limited their effectiveness. One of these issues stemmed from the fact that the Jumo 211F was not designed to be used with a gun synchronizer, a mechanical component which prevents an aircraft's guns from firing while the propeller is in the firing line. Therefore, new ones had to be procured and the one which were fitted proved to be unreliable. It was not uncommon for Israeli pilots to inadvertently shoot off their own propellers when the gun synchronizer failed.

The S-199s did find several major victories, however. On June 3, 1948 an S-199 piloted by Modi Alon of 101 Squadron, Israel's first fighter squadron, attacked a formation of two Egyptian C-47 Skytrains and two Spitfires which had repeatedly bombed the city of Tel Aviv. Alon managed to shoot down both C-47s, marking the first air-to-air kills of the Israeli Air Force. The action was witnessed by the public below, who met the IAF and Alon with great enthusiasm and joy. On June 8th, Israelis were able to prove themselves capable in the S-199 again when IAF pilot Gideon Lichtaman shot down an Egyptian Spitfire in the defense of Tel Aviv, scoring Israel's first fighter-vs-fighter victory.

The S-199, despite its poor mechanical performance, gained the distinction of being the first fighter aircraft procured by Israel and provided valuable combat experience and victories for the fledgeling IAF pilots.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=s_199 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|Szjj7F1iHL4|'''The Shooting Range #291''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 03:52 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|0uI33fRlznc|'''The Shooting Range #288''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:29 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


* [[Bf 109 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7457-development-avia-s-199-a-knife-for-israel-en|[Devblog] Avia S-199: A "knife" for Israel]]

{{Israel fighters}}
{{AirManufacturer Avia}}

Krasny Kavkaz

2021-11-20T12:24:46Z

U40125922: Description of torpedoes, plus some pros and cons

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_cruiser_krasnyi_kavkaz
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet light cruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] when the Soviet fleet was implemented into the game.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}
''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}
{{main|180 mm/60 B-1-K (180 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
{{main|Minizini (100 mm)|34-K (76 mm)|45 mm/46 21-K (45 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}
{{main|37 mm/67 70-K (37 mm)|DShK (12.7 mm)|Vickers Mk.V (12.7 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}
{{main|45-36NU (450 mm)}}

''The torpedoes of the Kavkaz are the same as those on the Frunze and Kerch. Being almost useless at 3.3, they are a waste of time at 5.0. They have a terrible range of 3.0km, where your main guns and secondaries are able to deal much more damage most of the time. They also have a tiny warhead meaning anything above a destroyer leader will need multiple hits to kill. However, there are 2 triple launchers per side meaning they can be used as a last ditch effort against a close range heavy cruiser where they likely won't have time to avoid all of them.''

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

180mm guns with shell types effective against almost everything it will face

Very powerful secondaries

Good AA armament

*

'''Cons:'''

Near useless torpedoes

Very long reload for main guns

Sluggish manoeuvrability

*

== History ==

The Krasny Kavkaz or as it was initially named, the Admiral Lazarev, was a ship of the Svetlana-class light cruisers, laid down in 1913 for the Imperial Russian Navy at the Russud dockyard. The ship's construction went according to plan through the duration of The Great War(WW1) until the outbreak of the October Revolution in Russia in late 1917 caused construction to cease, with the ship being just above halfway completed.

After capturing the mostly intact ship, the Soviets decided to complete its construction and renamed it to Krasny Kavkaz in late 1926. The ship was completed to a modernized design, changing its initial layout and armaments significantly, in order to meet modern requirements. After more than two decades, the Krasny Kavkaz was finally commissioned into service with the Navy in January 1932 as the most advanced Soviet cruiser of the time.

The ship's career was already off to a bad start however, as only months after leaving the drydock, she suffered severe damages to the bow after colliding with another light cruiser. After her bow was extensively rebuilt, she made several visits to ports in Greece, Turkey and Italy in 1933. Prior to the German invasion of the USSR, she underwent one more retrofit, which greatly increased her anti-aircraft armament.

The service life of the Krasny Kavkaz during WW2 was defined by her involvements in numerous Black Sea operations, most notably around the coastal cities of Odessa, Sevastopol, Novorossiysk and the Kerch peninsula. However, she also took part in various other missions, including convoy escorts, troop transport, fire support and many more. After Stalin forbade the use of large naval vessels without his personal consent in 1943, Krasny Kavkaz saw no further action, marking the end of her wartime service.

After WW2, Krasny Kavkaz was converted to a training ship in 1947 and was later used as a target ship in 1952, before being sunk by an anti-ship cruise missile.

''- From [[wt:en/news/5685-fleet-development-krasny-kavkaz-the-guardian-of-the-black-sea-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5685-fleet-development-krasny-kavkaz-the-guardian-of-the-black-sea-en|[Devblog] Krasny Kavkaz: The Guardian of The Black Sea]]

{{USSR light cruisers}}

Whirlwind Mk I

2020-09-30T19:08:08Z

U40125922: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card|code=whirlwind_mk1}}
{{About
| about = British twin-engine fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = Whirlwind P.9
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British twin-engine fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.75 "La Résistance"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,877 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 559 || 543 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 24.2 || 25.2 || 12.2 || 12.2 || rowspan="2" | 650
|-
! Upgraded
| 601 || 580 || 21.9 || 23.0 || 18.2 || 15.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 490 || 490 || 265 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 420 || < 420 || < 450 || > 324
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===


* 60 mm Bulletproof glass in cockpit front.
* 9 mm Steel plates in the nose.
* 4 mm Steel plate in pilot's seat.
* 6 mm Steel plate behind the pilot.

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|Hispano Mk.I (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 20 mm Hispano Mk.I cannons, nose-mounted (60 rpg = 240 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|G.P. Mk.IV (250 lb)|G.P. Mk.IV (500 lb)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 250 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs (500 lb total)
* 2 x 500 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs (1,000 lb total)

== Usage in battles ==

The Whirlwind Mk I should be used similarly to other heavy fighters. The flight characteristics are very similar to the [[Whirlwind P.9]] with the main difference being significantly less ammo.

The Whirlwind Mk I is very effective in a boom and zoom role due to its good climb rate and powerful armament. However, the relatively low wing break speed in RB does limit you in this role. The Whirlwind Mk I has a good turn rate for a heavy fighter, but will be easily out turned by single-engined fighters. The use of combat flaps will help to balance out this disadvantage. Care must be taken when using the combat flaps, however, as the are prone to snapping off at a relatively low speed.

At this BR you will see many [[BV 238]]s and [[Me 264]]s. Heading on these bombers will usually guarantee you a kill, but you still need to be careful of the powerful defensive armament of them. The Whirlwind Mk I has relatively little ammunition with only 60 rounds per gun. It is important to be accurate to be successful with this aircraft. To help with accuracy try to get very close to the target before shooting.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! Survivability
! colspan="2" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Radiator
|
| Offensive 20 mm
| SBC mk.II
|-
| II
|
| Compressor
| Airframe
|
|
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
|
| New 20 mm cannons
| MBC mk.II
|-
| IV
|
| Engine injection
| Cover
|
|
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Devastating nose-mounted 20mm Hispano armament.
* Great for head-ons.
* Good turn rate when upgraded for a twin engined fighter.
* Able to carry bombs, unlike P.9 Variant

'''Cons:'''

* Poor climb rate.
* Under-powered engines.
* Drum-fed Hispano Mk1s. Only 60 rounds per gun. You must make every round count.
* Inaccurate Hispano Mk1 cannons. Precise aiming is hard.
* Poor roll rate
* Quite slow level flight speed
* Unfavourable matchmaking puts you up against some very challenging opponents
* Hispano Mk 1 cannons do not have access to more effective air targets belt

== History ==

The Westland Whirlwind was designed after a specification was issued by the British Air Ministry. The specification called for a cannon-armed day and night fighter. The Air Ministry wanted a top speed of at least 530 km/h at an altitude of 4,600m. Out of five designs offered by the companies. The Air Ministry decided to go with Westland's design for several important reasons. The cannon was mounted on the nose so that the recoil does not affect the accuracy of the gun. There were also no convergence problem as compared to other single-engine fighters with wing mounted guns. The requirements also led to the world's first bubble canopies on a plane. However the decision to arm the Spitfire with cannon and the development of other twin engine fighters such as the Bristol Beaufighter has led Fighter Command to use the Whirlwind less and less as the war progressed. The first batch of Rolls-Royce Peregrine engines were also delayed. It was also found that the engine was severely under-powered and the drum magazines used to feed the cannons were small in capacity. All of this has resulted in the Whirlwind's cancellation and resulted in the plane only equipping two RAF squadrons.

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|76ArCiYaEog|'''The Shooting Range #81''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 08:13 discusses the Whirlwind.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Westland}}
{{Britain strike and twin-engine fighters}}

B-34

2020-09-12T19:56:39Z

U40125922: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card|code=b_34}}
{{About
| about = American bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the navalised gift version
| link = PV-2D
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.65 "Way of the Samurai"]].

The B-34 is a typical American bomber in the sense that its decent payload is outdone by its defensive armament. While its maximum payload and the ability to carry a torpedo is nice, it's not necessarily as good as its ability to take and give out damage to other aircraft. Start with base/pillbox bombing, and should an enemy fighter come to engage, give him hell with your turrets. Do slight ''maneuver''s constantly to throw off his shots while trying to put as many shells into his engine/pilot as possible. With any luck he will fall out of the sky in no time.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===

While flying the B-34 you can expect maneuverability and speed like few other bombers. Considering you are just a [[:Category:Second rank aircraft|Rank II]] aircraft you have a good acceleration and max speed, which will allow you to get out of difficult situations, even being able to outrun some lower BR fighters, although never forget to use your turrets to shake enemies off your tail.

Your speed and climb ratio will be superior to most enemy bombers you face, therefore making it an easy task to intercept them. Although try to always keep it under 4500m as your engines aren´t meant for high altitudes, and you will become a big and sluggish target for any fighter around. As a last defensive maneuver in this bomber it is possible to trade some altitude for speed in order to escape from a threat, however keep it at a max speed of 610 km/h IAS since going faster than that will completely lock your surface controls and eventually get you killed.

Given its surprising turn rate and speed for a bomber, mixed with a good offensive power, when used wisely you can successfully intercept enemy aircrafts that aren’t yet aware of your position, as well as support your allies if you see an enemy tunnel vision-ed on them, however don’t fool yourself into a dogfight since every fighter will outturn you sooner than later.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="8" | Characteristics
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Stock''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,572 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
| 510 || 497 || {{Specs|ceiling}} || 28.3 || 29.3 || 8.5 || 8.5 || 480
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Upgraded''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,572 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
| 573 || 539 || {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.8 || 27.0 || 16.7 || 12 || 480
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 340 || 340 || 235 || ~6 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities
|-
! Ailerons (km/h)
! Rudder (km/h)
! Elevators (km/h)
! Radiator (km/h)
|-
| < 260 || < 290 || < 320 || > 337
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 1,615 m || 1,600 hp || 1,984 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 4,023 m || 1,450 hp || 1,798 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and Armour ===


* 12 mm steel - in front of pilot
* 12 mm steel - behind pilot
* 12 mm steel - bulkhead behind cockpit
* 12 mm steel - tail bulkhead
* 20 mm steel - front of dorsal turret

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|Browning M2 (12.7 mm)|Browning (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 12.7 mm Browning M2 machine guns, nose-mounted (250 rpg = 500 total)
* 2 x 7.62 mm Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (375 rpg = 750 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|AN-M57 (250 lb)|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|Mk.13/44}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 7 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (1,750 lb total)
* 3 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs + 4 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (2,500 lb total)
* 1 x Mk.13/44 torpedo

=== Defensive armament ===

{{main|Browning M2 (12.7 mm)|Browning (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 12.7 mm Browning M2 machine guns, dorsal turret (400 rpg = 800 total)
* 2 x 7.62 mm Browning machine guns, ventral turret (1,000 rpg = 2,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==


In the hands of an experienced player, the B-34 can be one of, if not the deadliest aircraft of its tier. While being in the bomber line of the tech tree, the B-34 is better suited for use as a frontine bomber, bomber interceptor, and even a heavy fighter in some situations. If played in a bombing role, try to get in low and entice enemy fighters into chasing you while you go for your bombing targets; your powerful 12.7 mm turret will make quick work of most enemy's you'll encounter at its tier. If played as a bomber interceptor, aiming for crucial parts of the target's aircraft (Engine, wings, cockpit, Etc.) with your robust offensive armament will take down enemy bombers quickly and efficiently. Using the B-34 in a heavy fighter role will require the use of your flaps, so make sure to use them when appropriate; as the B-34 has poor energy retention. Head-on's with enemy fighters are ill-advised, as your pilot is quite susceptible to frontal enemy fire as well as your engines that will take damage quite easily.

Your deadliest enemies will be aircraft with heavy machine gun or cannon armament (P-400, LaGG-3-8, Spitfire Mk IIb, Etc.) It is advised to get familiar with using the 12.7 mm dorsal turret while doing evasive maneuvers using flaps for dealing with them quickly before they can do major damage to your aircraft. If they dive on you and fly in front of you for a bit, try to damage them with your frontal armament. Do not let anyone get under your belly, as it is a huge weak spot that knowledgeable players will exploit. In the hands of a skilled pilot, however, you will have no problem going for engine shutdowns or pilot snipes that will quickly send your foes back to the hangar.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! Survivability
! colspan="3" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Radiator
|
| Turret 7 mm
|
| Offensive 7 mm
|-
| II
|
| Compressor
| Airframe
| New 7 mm MGs (turret)
| ITC mk.III
| New 7 mm MGs
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
|
| Turret 12 mm
|
| Offensive 12 mm
|-
| IV
|
| Engine injection
| Cover
| New 12 mm MGs (turret)
| SBC-17
| New 12 mm MGs
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Reasonably effective armament consisting of 2 x 7.62 mm Brownings and 2 x 12.7 mm Brownings that are nose mounted
* Durable air frame for its BR
* Reasonably effective defensive armament with good coverage on the rear section of the plane.
* The dorsal turret can swivel 360 degrees and even fire at targets the nose of the plane
* Can provide initial cover for other bombers until fighters reach their altitude.
* Blazing fast top speed compared to other medium bombers
* Reasonably large payload capacity.

'''Cons:'''

* The belly of the aircraft is a massive blind spot in the aircraft's defence
* Poor climb rate and energy retention
* For the most part, the offensive armament will only be useful in attacking enemy bombers, ground targets, or engaging fighters head-on, as the plane is too unmanoeuvrable for any real dog fighting of any kind.
* Steel construction makes this plane particularly heavy, and a small payload limits this plane's ability to be used as a tactical or strategic bomber.
* The elevator can be shot off by an enemy plane easily. This can cause it to become uncontrollable in certain situations. However, it can still be controlled by operating flaps or adjusting engine power.
* Poor maneuverability

== History ==

In the beginning of the war, the British were looking for a medium-ranged anti-submarine warfare and patrol aircraft to support the existing Avro Anson. The Lockheed company sent a drawing of their model 144 civilian airliner. The British Purchasing Commission saw the design and asked Lockheed to make modifications to the model 14, also known as the Lockheed Super Electra. Modifications include two fixed forward-firing Browning 7.7 mm machine guns in the nose. There was also the installation of Boulton Paul dorsal gun turrets with two Browning machine guns. Some models had beam guns installed, other had different engines or propellers. They called it the Hudson, eventually it needed a replacement. So Lockheed made it bigger and heavier and introduced it as the B-34 Lexington. It went under the US Army as the B-34, and the Navy as the PV-2 Harpoon (V because Vega aircraft division of Lockheed made the Harpoon). In British service it was simply called the Lockheed Ventura.

== Media ==


[[File:Ventura LOC 8e01506u.jpg|thumb|232x232px]]
Video from Bo Time Gaming showing the strengths of the B-34: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fF2VBZIVaHQ&t=614s

== See also ==

'''Related development'''

* Other Lockheed Ventura variants on the game:
** [[PV-2D]] Major redesign with increased load capacity

== External links ==

* [[wikipedia:Lockheed_Ventura|[Wikipedia] Lockheed Ventura]]
* [https://www.airforce.gov.au/sites/default/files/minisite/static/7522/RAAFmuseum/research/aircraft/series2/A59.htm <nowiki>[RAAF Museum] TECHNICAL DATA: Lockheed-Vega Ventura</nowiki>]
* [https://www.pacificwrecks.com/aircraft/pv-1/tech.html <nowiki>[Pacific Wrecks] Lockheed PV-1 Ventura Technical Information</nowiki>]
{{AirManufacturer Lockheed}}
{{USA bombers}}

F4F-3

2020-09-07T20:31:52Z

U40125922: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=f4f-3
|cockpit=cockpit_f4f-3.jpg
}}
{{About
| about = American naval fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = F4F (Family)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

The Wildcat is a beast when piloted well. Its strengths lie in its firepower and diving ability, but it also has the ability to outmanoeuvre most aircraft in War Thunder. This gives you numerous options when dogfighting.

The F4F-3 Wildcat is a good all-around fighter, though its top speed and rate of climb are lacking. It is good to go head-on with opponents from other nations as their aircraft won't be able to withstand the damage that the Wildcat can deal, and the good protection for your pilot added to the overall resilience of the aircraft gives it some pretty impressive defence.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===


In the air, the Wildcat performs pretty well, with roll rate and turn time being adequate for most engagements. However, on the ground (not on a carrier), it does not perform as well. The acceleration, even when fully upgraded, is subpar on the ground. When taking off, you will find yourself still struggling to take off when most of your teammates are already in the air.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="8" | Characteristics
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Stock''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,800 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
| 499 || 482 || {{Specs|ceiling}} || 19.9 || 20.7 || 12.7 || 12.7 || 210
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Upgraded''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,800 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
| 540 || 518 || {{Specs|ceiling}} || 18.0 || 18.9 || 18 || 15.1 || 210
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wing-break speed (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear limit (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Combat flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|constructions}} || {{Specs|destruction|chassis}} || 420 || ~13 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities
|-
! Ailerons (km/h)
! Rudder (km/h)
! Elevators (km/h)
! Radiator (km/h)
|-
| < 300 || < 330 || < 350 || > 335
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 1,158 m || 1,100 hp || 1,210 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 3,444 m || 1,090 hp || 1,199 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 3
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,608 m || 1,040 hp || N/A
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===


* 6.35 mm steel- behind pilot's body
* 8 mm steel - behind pilot's head
* 38 mm bulletproof glass - armoured windscreen

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|Browning M2 (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 12.7 mm Browning M2 machine guns, wing-mounted (450 rpg = 1,800 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|AN-M30A1 (100 lb)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 100 lb AN-M30A1 bombs (200 lb total)

== Usage in battles ==

The Wildcat is an easy plane to fly. It is very manoeuvrable and well-armed for its class. You can out turn pretty much all German and Russian aircraft, but beware that you don't get sucked into a turn fight with any of the Japanese planes and especially the British Spitfire.

The Wildcat will have a hard time downing planes simply because it has only 4 machine guns, you will often get matched with the [[Bf 109 E-3]] and [[Bf 109 F-1|F-1]] which have powerful cannons and a very good turn rate. The best way to use this plane is to BnZ since most of your opponents are less armoured and are slower. You can also out turn some of the Russian aircraft, but you cannot simply dive away, as you may rip the wings off.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 3 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! Survivability
! colspan="2" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Radiator
|
| Offensive 12 mm
|
|-
| II
|
| Compressor
| Airframe
|
| Mk.41
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
|
| New 12 mm MGs
|
|-
| IV
|
| Engine injection
| Cover
|
|
|-
|}

* The unlock of the module ''Mk.41'' will allow the {{PAGENAME}} to mount two 100 lb AN-M30A1 bombs.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* More than adequate turn rate
* Decent armament with loads of ammo, 4 wing-mounted .50 calibre with 450 rpg
* Almost never overheats, even when holding down WEP
* Decent roll rate
* Can carry bombs
* Can take some damage
* Good Pilot Protection
* Good dive speed and characteristic
* Can fly with a red engine (AB)

'''Cons:'''

* The F4F-3 is a rather sluggish climber, doing 15 degrees at most
* Terrible at head-ons, due to the exposed engine being a target and the guns being wing-mounted
* Most of the flammable components are stored in the front of the plane, near the pilot
* Only 4 x .50 cal, somehow inadequate compared to the P-40
* Bad cockpit rear visibility (SB)
* Engine and oil overheat quickly when using WEP

== History ==

During the early years WW2, the United States' main fighter in its navy was the F4F Wildcat, one of the first monoplane navy fighters of its era. It served well in many battles, like the battle for Wake Island, and most notably in the battle of Guadalcanal. It was a very reliable aircraft, however, was constantly challenged by the infamous A6M2 and A6M3 Zero. However, most of the time skilled pilots like John Smith were able to out-dogfight more manoeuvrable fighters like the Zero and Oscar in those battles.

=== In-game description ===
The first model, the XF4F-1, was a biplane, but to meet the demands of U.S. Navy's carrier-based monoplane competition, the Grumman Company changed the design, creating the XF4F-2 prototype. Due to a number of defects in the XF4F-2, a competing firm won instead with the Brewster F2A Buffalo. However, the F4F had potential and was sent back for revision. The next model was superior to the Buffalo, and the other new versions of the Buffalo did not satisfy the requirements of the fleet, so in August of 1939, Grumman received an order for the first series of F4F-3 Wildcats.

The F4F-3 was a single-engine all-metal plane with midwing construction, armed with four 12.7 mm M-2 Browning machine guns. Because of its lack of manoeuvrability, the F4F-3 lost to the Japanese fighter in close dogfights, so pilots prefer to avoid such situations by diving out of battle, taking advantage of their aircraft's higher speed.

The Wildcat had only one major drawback - the landing gear extension system. In order to release or retract the landing gear, the pilot had to crank a mechanical hoist handle 29 times, which was difficult given the need to direct the aircraft and start climbing after takeoff.

The Wildcat was exported to Greece, Britain and Canada.

All in all, 7251 F4Fs (including all variants) were constructed, including 285 F4F-3s.

== Media ==


;Images
<div><ul>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:F4F-3 Rework Model.jpg|thumb|none|350px|Updated image of the '''{{PAGENAME}}'''.]] </li>
</ul></div>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|Kn5rIoPjHuA|'''The Shooting Range #118''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:06 discusses the F4F Wildcat.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Grumman}}
{{USA fighters}}

Re.2000 serie 1

2020-09-02T12:17:26Z

U40125922: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card|code=re_2000_int}}
{{About
| about = Italian fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = Re.2000 G.A.
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.77 "Advancing Storm"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===

This Italian plane is best used as an energy fighter and can be a very good start to learn how to use Italian planes.

The plane climbs and dives very well, it can reach a high speed quickly, but like every Italian plane in this rank, controls will be stiff above 500 km/h (310 mph) IAS.

The best performance is between 400 to 500 km/h (248 to 310 mph) IAS, but in level flight the max speed is 450 km/h IAS.

To be in the above-mentioned speed range, climb up to 3,000 meters, and then dive onto the enemy. If the enemy is more than 2 km below, cut your throttle to 0% and only increase once at the same altitude as the enemy and started to losing speed. Diving or climbing straight at a 90-degree angle will cause the engine to shut down due to fuel cut-off.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,300 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 509 || 495 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 16.8 || 17.3 || 12.8 || 12.8 || rowspan="2" | 220
|-
! Upgraded
| 550 || 529 || 15.5 || 16.0 || 20.6 || 16.2
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 480 || 480 || 280 || ~12 || ~9
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 350 || < 350 || < 380 || > 200
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|Breda-SAFAT (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 12.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine guns, nose-mounted (300 rpg = 600 total)

== Usage in battles ==


Once in game, climb up to 3,000 m and start gaining speed. If the enemy is at the same altitude, dodge any attempt at a head on, and try to out-turn/out-climb them.

If an enemy is below, dive down and attack. If you overshoot them, conduct a yo-yo manoeuvre to get back on their tail.

Some enemies to be concerned about are:

* Spitfires: The early versions carrying eight machine guns in their wings
* P-26: Especially the version that carries the M2 Brownings.
* Any Biplane: Most of these are very good turners. They can earn back speed after multiple turns very quickly, so in a dogfight, the Re.2000 might feel sluggish. Don't get baited into these turn fights and instead use the speed/climb to fly away towards an advantageous position to attack.

When going against the Re.2000 serie 1, one will find head-ons effective against a Re.2000 since it only has two 12.7s machine guns. If you're in a head-on against one, shoot a small burst, and escape with a barrel roll. If one is on your six, either run away at high speed or make some speed costly manoeuvres, and turn onto his six. Never try to follow one in a climb, and if one is diving on you, you can dodge it easily due to its control stiffening and average roll rate.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! Survivability
! Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Radiator
|
| Offensive 12 mm
|-
| II
|
| Compressor
| Airframe
|
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
|
| New 12 mm MGs
|-
| IV
|
| Engine injection
| Cover
|
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great climb rate (20+ m/s)
* Great at energy fighting
* Good acceleration (capable of 700 km/h (435 mph) in a dive)
* Good turn rate, amazing at 400-500 km/h (248-310 mph)
* Full manual engine control + propeller feathering
* No armour (better performance than G.A. model)

'''Cons:'''

* Average speed (450 km/h IAS)
* Average roll rate at any speed
* Underwhelming performance of the 2 x 12.7 Breda-SAFAT machine guns
* Low ammunition count for machine guns (only 600 rounds total)
* Overheats easily, even with 100% radiators, can only WEP for a few seconds before the engine overheats and destroys itself
* Sensitive to battle damage (damage will usually result in the aircraft catching fire)
* No armour (more vulnerable than G.A model)

== History ==


The first project of the Reggiane design office was the Re.2000 which was designed by Italian engineers Alessio and Longhi. The first test flight was flown by Mario de Bernardi in 1939. With a superior engine in comparison to the FIAT powered MC.200, it was thought to be at least as manoeuvrable as the Bf 109 E in comparative trials, though the positioning of the fuel tank in an unarmored wing centre section was found to be a fatal drawback and thus it was not accepted into Italian service, however, the Re.2000 was sold to both Sweden and Hungary to complement their air forces. During 1940, the Italian Navy ordered a modified version for carrier use with a Piaggio P.XI bis engine and structural strengthening for catapult launching and carrier landings.<ref>Thompson, Jonathan W., Italian Civil and Military Aircraft 1930-1945, Aero Publishers, Los Angeles (1963), 304 pages.</ref>

Hungary bought 70 Re.2000s and built another 192. Sweden bought 60, where they stayed in service until 1946. Britain had actually put in an order for 300, as well, before the onset of war prevented it. Those few of the 188 that were built by the Reggiane company that were not sold to other countries were used by an Italian squadron on Sicily in 1941/42, or converted for catapult use.

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|dglE5EGyY0o|'''The Shooting Range #87''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:39 discusses the Re.2000.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5373-development-re-2000-the-italian-falcon-en|[Devblog] Re.2000: The Italian Falcon]]

=== References ===
<references />

{{AirManufacturer Reggiane}}
{{Italy fighters}}

Strv m/41 S-II

2020-08-31T12:05:49Z

U40125922: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card|code=sw_strv_m41_s2}}
{{About
| about = Swedish light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = LT-38 (Family)
}}
== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_Strv_m41_S-II.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.97 "Viking Fury"]]. It is a Swedish license-built version of the Czechoslovak TNHP light tank, and is thus quite similar to the German [[Pz.38(t) F|PzKpfw 38(t)]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

The armour on the Strv m/41 S-II is almost identical to that on the PzKpfw 38(t) Ausf. F. The 50 mm frontal armour is fairly decent, though the rest of the tank is quite lightly armoured. It should be noted that the engine deck is only 10 mm thick, and is vulnerable to strafing aircraft with cannons or heavy machine guns.

{| class="wikitable"
!Armour
!Front (Slope angle)
!Sides
!Rear
!Roof
|-
|Hull
|50 mm (18'''°'''-20'''°''') ''Upper Glacis''
50 mm (19'''°''') ''Lower Glacis - Upper''

15 mm (60'''°''') ''Lower Glacis - Lower''

15 mm (73'''°'''-74'''°''') ''Center Plate - Between Upper and Lower Glacis''
|20 mm ''Front''
15 mm ''Rear''
|15 mm
|8 mm
|-
|Turret
|50 mm (9'''°''') ''Turret Front'' ''- Sides''
15 mm (7'''°'''-9'''°''') ''Turret'' ''Front'' ''- Lower''

35 mm (Various Angles) ''Center (Around the Mantlet)''
15 mm (Various Angles) ''Gun Mantlet''
|20 mm
|35 mm
|8 mm
|-
|Cupola
|15 mm
|15 mm
|15 mm
|15 mm ''Front''
8 mm ''Rear''
|}
'''Note:''' The commander's cupola has an all-round thickness of 15 mm, but there are four armored boxes for the optics (one on each side) that have a thickness of 21 mm.

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 256|rbMinHp= 146}}

The mobility of the Strv m/41 S-II is also almost identical to that on the PzKpfw 38(t) Ausf. F. It is more sluggish than the other Swedish tanks such as the [[Strv m/40L]], with a lower top speed and a rather slow reverse gear.

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|Kan m/38 (37 mm)}}

The part that truly differentiates the Strv m/41 from its German cousin is the gun. The Strv m/41 uses a Swedish-made '''3,7 cm kan m/38''' instead of the original Czechoslovak Skoda 37 mm cannon. Its performance with the '''slpprj m/38''' and '''slpgr m/39''' APBC rounds is similar to that of the Czechoslovak gun, but the Swedish gun also has access to the outstanding '''slpprj m/49''' APDS round. This round will easily penetrate anything the Strv m/41 can normally face, though it lacks the lethality of the German APCBC with explosive filler.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Kan m/38 (37 mm)|37 mm Kan m/38]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 100 || rowspan="2" | -14°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 13.30 ||18.45||22.40||24.77||26.35|| rowspan="2" | 4.06 || rowspan="2" |3.57|| rowspan="2" |3.29|| rowspan="2" |3.10
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.30 ||9.80||11.90||13.16||14.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| 3,7 cm slpprj m/49 || APDS || 105 || 103 || 97 || 89 || 82 || 75
|-
| slpgr m/39 || APBC || 55 || 51 || 37 || 26 || 17 || 12
|-
| slpprj m/38 || APBC || 59 || 55 || 41 || 28 || 19 || 13
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 3,7 cm slpprj m/49 || APDS || 1,150 || 0.71 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 75° || 78° || 80°
|-
| slpgr m/39 || APBC || 800 || 0.74 || 1.2 || 9.0 || 15 || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| slpprj m/38 || APBC || 785 || 0.74 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''100''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|Ksp m/36 (8 mm)}}

The Strv m/41 S-II is also armed with a coaxial '''8 mm ksp m/36''' light machine gun. There is a second, non-functional 8 mm machine gun in the hull front.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Ksp m/36 (8 mm)|8 mm Ksp m/36]]
|-
! Mount
! Capacity (Belt capacity)
! Rate of fire (shots/minute)
! Vertical guidance
! Horizontal guidance
|-
| Coaxial || 4,000 (250) || 648 || -14°/+20° || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The Strv m/41 S-II relies on sniping and penetrating tanks at medium to long ranges with its powerful APDS round. However, APDS lacks the lethality of explosive filler AP rounds, so the Strv m/41 must rely on sniping and disabling crew or hitting ammunition racks to destroy enemy tanks, especially larger ones like the [[T-28]]. It also has a decent amount of armour for a light tank and great gun depression for playing hull down, though it is by no means invulnerable from the front.

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Mobility
! Protection
! colspan="3" | Firepower
|-
| I
| Tracks
|
| Parts
| Horizontal Drive
|
|
|-
| II
| Suspension
| Brake System
| FPE
| Adjustment of Fire
| Airstrike
| slpgr m/39
|-
| III
| Filters
|
| Crew Replenishment
| Elevation Mechanism
|
|
|-
| IV
| Transmission
| Engine
|
| Artillery Support
| Improved optics
| 3,7 cm slpprj m/49
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Access to high-penetration APDS
* Fast rate-of-fire
* Decent amount of armour for a light tank
* Excellent gun depression

'''Cons:'''

* Low post-penetration damage with APDS.
* A bit sluggish with a low top speed for a light tank
* Poor reverse speed
* Chassis rocks violently when stopping making it hard to stop and shoot quickly

== History ==


In March of 1940, Sweden ordered about 90 TNH tanks (known as the Panzer 38(t) in German service) from ČDK, but Germany, which had occupied Poland in 1938, confiscated the tanks for its own use as the Panzer 38(t) Ausf. S. Sweden still needed the light tanks, and after negotiations the Swedish manufacturer Scania-Vabis was allowed to produce them under license, and compensation for the lost tanks. Sweden ordered 116 Strv M/41 SI in June, 1941. The Stridsvagn M/41 was armed with a 37 mm Bofors m/38 gun, was powered by a Scania-Vabis Type 1664 engine, and the design utilized riveted construction. In June of 1942, Sweden ordered 122 Strv M/41 SII. The SII featured a number of improvements over the SI. The armor was increased from 25 mm to 50 mm thick. Because of the added weight of the armor, a more powerful engine was added, the Type L 603 engine. This necessitated an elongation of the hull by 65 mm. The fuel tanks were increased from 190 liters to 230 liters. 104 of the SII model were built, with the last 18 being built as the Sav M/43, a casemate assault gun using a 75 mm gun, and later a 105 mm gun. Another 18 Sav M/43 were purpose-built afterwards. The Strv M/41 served until the late 1950's, when all Strv M/41 were converted to the Pansarbandvagn (Pbv) 301, an armored personnel carrier. The turrets were used in static fortifications.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=sweden&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=light_tank&vehicle=sw_strv_m41_s2 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|4_cJ1CpEatw|'''Best gun depression''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 0:51 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


* [[Pz.38(t) F]]- Axis counterpart of the Strv M/41 SII

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:Stridsvagn_m/41|[Wikipedia] Stridsvagn m/41]]

=== Bibliography ===

* David B. (2014, December 1). Stridsvagn m/41. Tank Encyclopedia. https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/sweden/Stridsvagn_M41.php
* Stridsvagn m/41. (2020, April 4). In ''Wikipedia''. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stridsvagn_m/41&oldid=948984593

{{Sweden light tanks}}

Seafire FR 47

2020-08-30T12:04:42Z

U40125922: /* History */

{{Specs-Card|code=seafire_fr47}}
{{About
| about = British fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = Spitfire (Family)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.49 "Weapons of Victory"]].

Unlike the previous [[Seafire Mk XVII]] which is a low altitude fighter, the Seafire FR 47 has excellent high altitude performance, and you will perform most competitively above 6-7 km. It is good for engaging other fighters and bombers up to 12 km due to a 2nd supercharger gear that peaks in power at 8.4 km.

It has has a rather versatile selection of secondary armaments. You can take two 250 lb bombs or two 500 lb bombs. Whilst the first will result in marginally better performance, the latter is preferred for attacking ground vehicles and for pillboxes. The fact that you can carry rockets is even better. You have a choice of either 4 x RP-3 rockets or 8 x RP-3 rockets. It is more advisable to take 8 x rockets as having only 4 will means both your salvos have to be dead-on the target. This isn't helped by the fact that rockets utilized are woefully inaccurate. When strafing a group of AI light tanks, it is at this point when utilizing 4 rockets make a bit more sense as you are almost guaranteed to take out some of the AI vehicles. If in a mixed RB battle, you should probably not even be carrying rockets and should just stick with bombs, however, if you are attacking vehicles with exposed crew members like the 8.8 cm Flak 37 you can benefit a bit more by using the rockets.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 7,315 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 697 || 675 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 22.4 || 23.5 || 18.2 || 18.2 || rowspan="2" | 500
|-
! Upgraded
| 802 || 755 || 18.9 || 20.1 || 35.0 || 25.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
|{{Specs|destruction|body}}
|{{Specs|destruction|gear}}
| N/A || 370 || 250 || ~10 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 482 || < 400 || < 400 || > 500
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Compressor
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
! Setting 1
| 4,100 m || 1,510 hp || 2,114 hp
|-
! Setting 2
| 8,100 m || 1,340 hp || 1,857 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===


* 38 mm Bulletproof glass in cockpit front
* 4 mm Steel plate in pilot's seat
* 6-7 mm Steel plate behind the pilot
* 3 mm Steel box around the wing ammunition
* 1 mm Steel plate on top of the fuel tank and oil cooling system

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|Hispano Mk.V (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 20 mm Hispano Mk.V cannons, wing-mounted (134 rpg inner + 114 rpg outer = 496 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|G.P. Mk.IV (250 lb)|G.P. Mk.IV (500 lb)|RP-3}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 250 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs (500 lb total)
* 2 x 500 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs (1,000 lb total)
* 4 x RP-3 rockets
* 8 x RP-3 rockets

== Usage in battles ==

The Seafire FR 47 excels in high altitude performance, performing best at around 6-7 km. Therefore, it is adept at engaging heavy bombers and high-altitude fighters.

The plane is a heavier modification of the Griffon Spitfires and in general has a worse climb rate and acceleration than they do. Since climb rate is below-average, side-climbing is recommended in order to gain an altitude advantage over the enemy and to get to those altitudes where the Seafire's engine performance is maximized. Also, this vehicle's turn rate is only average. It certainly isn't a dedicated turnfighter, and usually it is best to stick to a boom and zoom or energy fighting playstyle. In an extended turn, the Seafire can be outmanoeuvred or out-energied by many of the enemies it might face.

Although this plane's energy retention, acceleration, climb rate, and manoeuvrability are worse than that of its peers, it does accelerate quite well in a dive; and, remember that engine performance gets better at high altitude. Additionally, the Seafire has a good top speed for its rank.

If necessary, the Seafire is equipped with an arrestor hook for landing on carriers.

The Seafire is armed with 4 wing-mounted 20 mm cannons which have a high muzzle velocity and high rate of fire. Although this makes aiming easier, it also means that there is not as much available firing time as the ammunition count might suggest. Trigger discipline is advised. Additionally, the location of the cannons means that convergence must be kept in mind. It is recommended to set a convergence of 300 to 500 m. When attacking lightly armoured or open top ground targets, a higher convergence may be set. Attacking heavily armoured tanks with the Seafire's 20 mm cannons is usually futile, since the rounds cannot penetrate their roof armour in most cases. Still, it is possible to spot and mark such tanks for teammates on the ground to locate and destroy.

Speaking of ground targets, the Seafire is able to equip up to 2 x 500 lb bombs or 8 RP-3 rockets. Notice that the rocket loadout allows for more attack runs and potentially more kills, than the bomb loadout. However, they must be aimed precisely in order to do the most damage. These ordnance options can be used to attack ships or to destroy ground targets in either Air Realistic or Ground Realistic battles.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Combined || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! Survivability
! colspan="3" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Radiator
|
|
| HSBC mk.2
|
|-
| II
|
| Compressor
| Airframe
|
| HMBC mk.2
|
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
|
| Offensive 20 mm
|
|
|-
| IV
| 150 octane fuel
| Engine injection
| Cover
| New 20 mm cannons
| GRC mk.8
| GRC mk.9
|-
|}

* The engine improvements should be prioritized. The engine performance does not improve drastically until you unlock the ''150 Octane Fuel''.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good high altitude performance
* Neutral torque, so cruising is relaxing for the joystick and aiming isn't difficult
* Hispano Mk V cannons means a high rate of fire and high muzzle velocity
* Can land on carriers
* Fast acceleration when diving
* Low silver lion repair fee
* Good top speed for its rank

'''Cons:'''

* High stall speed and hence, bricky in its turn (even Bf 109 K-4s on equal speed can out-turn the FR 47)
* Abysmal climb rate at slow speed (Try zoom climbing once you reach about 400 kph), but competitive when fully researched
* Very weak engine when not upgraded
* Play style is completely different than the other Spitfires

== History ==


=== In-game description ===
The last and ultimate incarnation in the life of the legendary Spitfire series, the Seafire F Mk.47 which entered service in 1948 was so different from the Spitfire Mk.I that it was barely recognizable. Now fully navalised after the previous Griffon Seafires’ fixed wings, the F Mk.47 was fitted with folding wings and a new Rolls-Royce Griffon 88 which generated 2350 hp at 1250 feet and, fitted with a two-stage two-speed supercharger and petrol injection system, giving a steady flow of fuel under all conditions of accelerated ‘g’. The fastest of all Seafires, the F Mk.47 was capable of reaching over 430 mph at some 24,000 feet.

Compared to other contemporary Royal Navy fighters, the Seafire F Mk.47 was faster in the dive and possessed a greater rate of climb above 25,000 feet than the Sea Fury, the Sea Hornet and, incredibly, the jet powered Sea Vampire. The Seafire could also out roll its contemporaries and was beaten in the turn itself only by the Sea Fury. The contra-rotating propellers which had been introduced on the Seafire F Mk.46 were retained, leading to far greater ease of control input in take off, landing and weapons firing due to the near elimination of torque effect with power changes.

Further modifications included the Spiteful-pattern enlarged fin and rudder, an altered forward fuselage profile and repositioning of the ram-air supercharger intake. Strengthening of the wings allowed a 500 lb bomb to be carried beneath each wing, theoretically allowing the aircraft to carry three 500 lb bombs when also adding a third beneath the fuselage. As with all late marque Seafires, rockets could also be carried. Air-to-air armament consisted of four 20mm Hispano cannon.

Whilst the Seafire F Mk.47 was praised for its control response, handling and deck landing characteristics, it was criticized for its cramped cockpit, uncomfortable seating position, awkward control positioning and lack of modern features such as a properly heated cockpit.

Whilst the Seafire F Mk.47 was one of the greatest piston engine fighters ever produced, it was unfortunately a fighter out of its time period. Advances in jet aircraft meant that piston fighters were finding themselves outclassed more and more with each passing year, and the Seafire F Mk.47 was no exception.

The F Mk.47 first entered service with 804 Naval Air Squadron at RNAS Ford in January 1948. 90 Seafire F Mk.47s were produced, and first saw action in ground attack sorties against bandits in Malaya in October 1949. 800 NAS embarked aboard HMS Triumph were amongst the first aircraft to take part in the Korean War, taking part in their first offensive sorties in July 1950.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


* [http://warthunder.com/en/devblog/current/770/ [Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> Seafire FR.47 & Sea Fury FB 11]
* [https://warthunder.com/en/news/3268/current/ [Vehicle Profile<nowiki>]</nowiki> Supermarine Seafire FR 47]

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Supermarine}}
{{Britain fighters}}

Lancaster B Mk III

2020-08-28T17:08:07Z

U40125922: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card|code=lancaster_mk3}}
{{About
| about = British heavy bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other version
| link = Lancaster B Mk I
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British heavy bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,048 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 447 || 434 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 49.2 || 50.4 || 6.9 || 6.8 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| 476 || 462 || 47.0 || 48.0 || 10.4 || 8.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 440 || 338 || 282 || ~4 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 400 || < 350 || < 350 || > 350
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 2,000 m || 5,535 hp || 6,876 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===


* 8 mm Steel plates behind the pilot headrests.
* 6.35 mm Steel plate behind the engines.
* No armour glazing
* Critical components located at the front of aircraft (fuel, pilot, engine, controls)
* More fuel tanks located in wings

== Armaments ==
=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|G.P. Mk.IV (250 lb)|G.P. Mk.IV (500 lb)|M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I (1,000 lb)|G.P. Mk.I (1,000 lb)|H.C. 4,000 lb Mk.II (4,000 lb)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 14 x 250 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs (3,500 lb total)
* 6 x 500 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs + 8 x 250 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs (5,000 lb total)
* 14 x 500 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs (7,000 lb total)
* 1 x 1,000 lb G.P. Mk.I bomb + 6 x 500 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs + 2 x 250 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs (4,500 lb total)
* 6 x 1,000 lb G.P. Mk.I bombs + 3 x 250 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs (6,750 lb total)
* 14 x M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I bombs (14,000 lb total)
* 1 x H.C. 4,000 lb Mk.II bomb + 6 x M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I bombs + 2 x 250 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs (10,500 lb total)
* 2 x H.C. 4,000 lb Mk.II bombs (8,000 lb total)

=== Defensive armament ===

{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)|Browning (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, tail turret (2,500 rpg = 5,000 total)
* 2 x 7.7 mm Browning machine guns, nose turret (1,000 rpg = 2,000 total)
* 2 x 7.7 mm Browning machine guns, dorsal turret (1,000 rpg = 2,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==

It is best to fly the Lancaster at a high altitude, at least 4,000 m, to be able to be unhindered by fighter aircraft. Beware, the aircraft has no defensive armament on the underside of the plane allowing an easy kill for experienced pilots. Due to this, and the large bomb load of the plane, it is best to target mini-bases and airfields, as moving tank columns are extremely difficult to hit, and even static targets like pillboxes can be tricky. Its defensive armament is lacking, so it is best to avoid enemy fighters altogether rather than attempting to fend them off. If you do find yourself under attack, weaving the plane left/right and up/down can help you dodge most of the fire, while allowing your turrets to still shoot back.

In real life, the Lancaster was mainly used as a strategic night bomber, used in very large numbers to carpet bomb large industrial areas and cities in Germany, a role which is performed in admirably. Fighters struggled to intercept them in the dark and anti-aircraft guns would find it difficult to target them effectively, especially if they were used in large numbers. However, this role does not really fit War Thunder. You rarely come across night missions, you will probably be playing individually as opposed to in a bomber formation and the map will be swarming with enemy fighters, who will all be licking their lips at the concept of an easy bomber kill. Tie this in with poor defensive armament and not particularly impressive performance and you have a recipe for disaster. Therefore, the Lancaster suffers in War Thunder on Arcade and Realistic air battles and will be an exceptionally easy target in ground Realistic battles. If it has any advantages, it is that it the Lancaster can carry a powerful payload. With the 2 x 4,000 lb bomb load, the plane can be put into a shallow dive to quickly reach and destroy 2 mini-bases (1 bomb for each), before most enemy fighters have climbed to altitude.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! Survivability
! colspan="2" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Radiator
| Protective vest
| Turret 7 mm
|
|-
| II
|
| Compressor
| Airframe
| New 7 mm MGs (turret)
| AUBC No.1 Mark II
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
|
| Turret 12 mm
|
|-
| IV
|
| Engine injection
| Cover
| New 12 mm MGs (turret)
| AUBC No.1 Mark I
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great bomb-load
* Multiple engines
* Tail .50 cal guns are more effective than 7.7mm guns of previous bombers

'''Cons:'''

* Big target
* Fairly slow
* Engine failures are common
* Wings are big and thus commonly torn off by gunfire
* 7.7 mm machine gun fire won't do much against German fighters
* When using gunner view, the different calibre turrets make it difficult to hit a target with both bullet streams
* Even when the turrets hit, it doesn't do any damage, most fighters will knock out your engines before you can kill their engines or pilots or at all

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

=== In-game description ===
With RAF Bomber Command's focus being centred on the strategic bombing campaign against German industry, the RAF desperately required a force of heavy bombers to increase the capability provided by their medium bomber fleet. A twin engine Avro Manchester bomber was converted to be powered by four engines and first flown in January 1941. This and subsequent prototypes were deemed to be so successful that the first production variant of the new bomber, now named the Lancaster, was flown in October 1941.

The immediate success of the Lancaster Mk I (redesignated the BI in 1942) caused it to be pushed ahead in terms of production priorities. In turn, this threatened the supply of Rolls Royce Merlin engines which powered it, so alternative engines needed to be sourced. The BII was powered by Bristol Hercules engines, but this caused a drop in performance and payload. The BIII was powered by Packard Merlin engines, a license built version manufactured in the United States. Internal differences between the BI and BIII were very few; the two models had near identical technical characteristics and armament and externally the BIII had only a larger bomb aimer's bubble window, but the change in designation was necessary since the different engines had different servicing requirements.

The Lancaster was first used operationally in March 1942 by No. 44 Squadron. It soon became the backbone of RAF Bomber Command's offensive against the heart of Germany, but was also used against targets all across occupied Europe. The majority of Lancaster operations took place at night, due to RAF Bomber Command's policy of night bombing whilst the bombers of the United States Army Air Force tackled targets by day.

For defence, the Lancaster had eight 0.303 inch Colt-Browning Mk.II machine guns located in three turrets: two guns were located in the nose, two in the dorsal turret, and four in the tail turret. The maximum ordinance capacity of the Lancaster was the highest of any heavy bomber in World War II: 14,000 lb (6,356 kg). Besides standard bombs, the aircraft could carry an 8,000 lb (3,632 kg) "blockbuster" or two 4,000 lb (1,816 kg) high-explosive "cookie" bombs. Special modifications of the bomber could carry even larger bombs, such as the 22,000 lb 'Grand Slam' bomb. The Lancaster became legendary on the night of May 17th 1943 when bombers of No 617 Squadron breached the Mohne and Eder dams in Germany with Barnes Wallis' genius 'bouncing bomb'. Lancasters of Nos 9 and 617 Squadrons also sank the German battleship 'Tirpitz' with 12,000 lb 'Tallboy' bombs, also designed by Wallis.

A total of 3,039 BIII bombers were produced. The bomber was finally decommissioned in Great Britain in 1950, and is a serious contender to the claim of being the most capable bomber of the entire war.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Avro}}
{{Britain bombers}}

Firefly F Mk I

2020-08-28T14:48:57Z

U40125922: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card|code=firefly_mk1}}
{{About
| about = British fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = the other version
| link-1 = Firefly FR Mk V
| usage-2 = other uses
| link-2 = Firefly (Disambiguation)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.49 "Weapons of Victory"]].

Within War Thunder, the Firefly F Mk I is a Rank III aircraft situated early on in the Fleet Air Arm line. The distinctive feature of the Firefly Mk I is its characteristic chin radiator that supports the powerful Rolls-Royce Griffon engine, later variants of which can also be seen on the late model Spitfires and Seafire. The aircraft is one of the first examples of a 4 cannon fighter aircraft available to pilots and boasts an impressive array of external weaponry to complement this.

Its 4 x 20mm Hispano Mk II cannons carry 160 rounds per gun for a total capacity of 640 rounds. This allows pilots of the Firefly to have more opportunities to attack enemy aircraft or ground targets with its guns. However, trigger discipline should still be practised in order to get the most out of it when it is being operated solely as a fighter. The Firefly can also mount 2 x 250 lb, 2 x 500 lb or 2 x 1,000 lb bombs with one under each wing. The final weapon upgrade, "HRC mk.8", allows for the installation of 8 x 76mm RP-3 rockets, further boosting its ground attack capabilities.

The Firefly often struggles in initial climbing due to the heavy weight and large size of the aircraft. Once engaged, however, the Firefly's "Ace" combat advantage is its exceptional two stage combat flaps. Unlike most aircraft where the flap simply deploys from the wing, the Firefly's flaps actually swing back to enlarge the wing surface as a whole and create much more lift. This allows it to turn exceptionally well at low speeds without external ordnance attached and makes landings very simple to perform even on carriers. Coupled with a wide track and durable undercarriage, the Firefly rounds off to be a very forgiving aircraft to fly.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,572 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 486 || 470 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 22.2 || 23.1 || 10.0 || 10.0 || rowspan="2" | 480
|-
! Upgraded
| 533 || 508 || 19.9 || 21.0 || 16.1 || 12.7
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 600 || 330 || 242 || ~10 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 321 || < 400 || < 410 || > 316
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 1,980 m || 1,510 hp || 1,784 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 4,350 m || 1,370 hp || 1,603 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===


* 42.8 mm Bulletproof glass in cockpit front.
* 12.7 mm Steel plate behind the pilot.
* Critical components located at the front of aircraft (fuel, pilot, engine, controls)
* More fuel tanks located in wings near the fuselage

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|Hispano Mk.II (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 20 mm Hispano Mk.II cannons, wing-mounted (175 rpg outer + 145 rpg inner = 640 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|G.P. 250 lb Mk.IV (250 lb)|G.P. 500 lb Mk.IV (500 lb)|M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I (1,000 lb)|RP-3}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 250 lb G.P. 250 lb Mk.IV bombs (500 lb total)
* 2 x 500 lb G.P. 500 lb Mk.IV bombs (1,000 lb total)
* 2 x 1,000 lb M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I bombs (2,000 lb total)
* 8 x RP-3 rockets

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in an aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! Survivability
! colspan="2" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Radiator
|
| Offensive 20 mm
| HSBC mk.2
|-
| II
|
| Compressor
| Airframe
| New 20 mm cannons
| HMBC mk.2
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
|
| Mk.II year 1942
| HLBC mk.2
|-
| IV
|
| Engine injection
| Cover
| Mk.II year 1943
| HRC mk.8
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 4 x 20 mm Hispano cannons as its armament
* Reasonably manoeuvrable
* Heavy bomb loads (up to 2 x 1,000 lbs)
* Exceptionally large flaps grants the plane the ability to fly at unusually low speeds and still be able to manoeuvre

'''Cons:'''

* Rather slow
* Large target for a single-engine fighter
* Cannons overheat quickly when stock
* Lousy climb rate
* Poor manoeuvrability and generally easy prey for other fighters
* Fragile tailplane, often gets damaged causing pilot to lose control

== History ==

The Firefly originated as a replacement for both the Blackburn Skua and Fairey Fulmar designs. The tried and tested the concept of having two crew, a pilot and an observer, proved to be effective for long-range missions where the aircraft would be airborne for an extended period of time. However, the origins of this crew composition were far less well thought out as some of its other features; the late inter-war period saw the British Admiralty insist on two crew members for any naval aircraft other than those intended for point defence, as it was felt that the complexities of over-sea navigation were too complicated for a pilot to carry out whilst simultaneously controlling the aircraft. This would, however, limit the performance of the aircraft due to the extra weight and size. First taking to the skies in 1941, the Firefly had an impressive 4 x 20 mm cannons; a massive improvement over the Fulmar's 8 x 0.303 inch (7.7 mm) Browning machine guns. The first model was to use a Rolls-Royce Griffon IIB engine that was a significant boost over the Fulmar's Rolls-Royce Merlin.

Early on, the Firefly had a rough start before finally reaching naval squadrons in 1943 and becoming fully operational in 1944. As well as taking part on the Tirpitz attacks - providing cover and support - the aircraft mainly served with the British Pacific Fleet. Proving its worth in this theatre of operation, the Firefly continued in service and was refined in later models to greatly improve the performance. Fireflies of the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm would once again see service over the skies of Korea in 1950 alongside Seafires and Sea Furies before finally being retired in 1956 after a lengthy career. The Firefly would also serve with several other navies including the Royal Canadian Navy, Royal Netherlands Navy and Royal Australian Navy to name only a few. The Firefly would ultimately bow out of service well into the age of jets to be replaced with this new breed of naval aircraft and another Fairey designed aircraft, the Gannet.

=== In-game description ===
The Fairey Aviation Company had a long and successful relationship with the British Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm, perhaps best summed up by test pilot Captain Eric Brown who described their aircraft as supremely versatile, reliable and possessing fine handling qualities, performance and firepower. The Firefly would be no different.

Working under chief designer HE Chaplin, the Fairey team set about answering the call to Naval Spec N.5/40 for a fast, two seat shipborne fighter. The Fairey team had already gained much experience with the successful Fulmar, and had a good basis to work from; however, the Fulmar's Merlin was replaced with the superior Griffon engine and a more advanced, elliptical wing design was adopted, housing an impressive punch of four 20mm Hispano cannon. Further design features included the Youngman area-increasing wing flap. The Firefly was a completely new aircraft rather than an improved Fulmar and was designed from the outset as a true multi-role aircraft with ground strike capabilities. The first prototype was flown successfully in December 1941.

A true pilot's aircraft, the Firefly handled well, was notably robust, capable of speeds of 319 mph at 17,000 feet and was a good deck lander, although the pilot's view on final approach was poorer than its predecessor. It also had a range of nearly 1100 miles and could carry eight 60 lb rockets or two 1000 lb bombs in addition to its impressive firepower.

After a further period of testing and consolidation which led to the adoption of a horn balanced rudder and metal ailerons, an order for 200 Firefly I aircraft was placed and the first examples rolled off the production line in March 1943. After carrier trials in July, 1770 Naval Air Squadron was formed as the first Firefly squadron at RNAS Yeovilton in October 1943. Fireflies acquitted themselves well in their part in the series of strikes against the German battleship Tirpitz and in anti-shipping sorties in the ETO, but it would be in the Far East that the new fighter/strike aircraft would prove its worth. Playing not only an integral role in the ground attack elements of the famous Palembang raids, the Firefly also accounted for three Japanese fighters destroyed in air-to-air combat. Some 800 Firefly I's were built and continued to serve with distinction until the end of the war, but further advances in the design meant that the end of the war was certainly not the end of the Firefly's story.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/3991--en|[Devblog] Fairey Firefly F.Mk.I and F.Mk.V]]

{{AirManufacturer Fairey}}
{{Britain strike and twin-engine fighters}}

J1N1

2020-08-12T12:40:22Z

U40125922: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card|code=j1n1_mod11_early}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese twin-engine fighter {{Battle-rating}}. This aircraft was introduced in [[Update_1.63_"Desert_Hunters"|Update 1.63 "Desert Hunters"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight Performance ===
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="8" | Characteristics
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Stock''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" |Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
|-
| 502 || 487 || {{Specs|ceiling}} || 26.0 || 26.7 || 6.8 || 6.8 || 500
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Upgraded''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,000 m)
! rowspan="2" |Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" |Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
|-
| 543 || 522 || {{Specs|ceiling}} || 24.1 || 25.0 || 13.0 || 9.6 || 500
|-
|}

====Details====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flap
! Take-off flap
! Landing flap
! Air brakes
! Arrestor gear
|-
|✓
|✓
|✓
| X ||X
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wing-break speed (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear limit (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Combat flap (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! +
! -
|-
| {{Specs|разрушение|конструкции}} || {{Specs|разрушение|шасси}} || ??? || ~?? || ~?
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities
|-
! Ailerons (km/h)
! Rudder (km/h)
! Elevators (km/h)
! Radiator (km/h)
|-
| < ??? || < ??? || < ??? || > ???
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| ?,??? m || ??? hp || ?,??? hp
|-

|}

=== Survivability and armour ===


* 8.5 mm Steel plate behind the Pilot.

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|Type 99 Model 2 navy (20 mm)|Type 97 navy (7.7 mm)|l1=Type 99 Model 2 (20 mm)|l2=Type 97 (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 20 mm Type 99 Model 2 cannon, nose-mounted (60 rpg)
* 2 х 7.7 mm Type 97 machine gun, nose-mounted (600 rpg = 1200 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|Navy Type 97 Number 6 (60 kg)|Navy Type 97 Number 6 (60 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 х 60 kg Navy Type 97 Number 6 ground bomb

=== Defensive armament ===

{{main|Type 97 navy (7.7 mm)|l1=Type 97 (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 4 х 7.7 mm Type 97 machine gun (750 rpg = 3000 total)

== Usage in battles ==

Unlike most Japanese aircraft, the J1N1 can take quite a lot of punishment. As a twin-engine fighter/interceptor/attacker, it has the ability to remain in operation even flying on only one engine and with partial wing missing. While there is no real protection for its fuel tanks, it is less likely to catch fire when compared to other Japanese aircraft at its battle rating. If playing Realistic Battles, it is battle rating is slightly higher than arcade, but its forte is really in arcade battles at its battle rating. Its bomb load is relegated to smaller bomb sizes, but at the battle rating, it is enough to take out a few ground targets. The autocannons and machine guns on the aircraft are sufficient to perform strafing runs on lightly armoured vehicles.

The J1N1 flying low in AB can be a real distraction for the enemy team, keeping them away from the objectives of destroying ground targets. None of its weapons cannons is very powerful and its ammo count is quite low, but in arcade battles that is not much of a problem with in-flight reloadable ammunition when you run out. For quite a large aircraft, it is very manoeuvrable, and the "ace up its sleeve" is the rear-facing turrets, each with two 7.7 mm machine guns and unlike other fighters and bombers at its battle rating, the rear gunners are enclosed within the aircraft and not exposed to stray bullets. Enemy fighters on the tail of a J1N1 often find they suffer critical damage or are shot down while the offensive guns are trained on oncoming aircraft or ground targets. The playstyle is neither "Boom & Zoom" nor "Dog-fight", but rather to fly low and drag the enemy onto the tail of the J1N1. In arcade battle, enemies will sometimes try to ram the J1N1, in an attempt to knock off a wing, but it will continue to fly, often losing only the wingtip.

This aircraft is less useful in realistic and simulator battles mainly due to its low ammo count, but the characteristic play style mentioned before could prove almost as rewarding and it can take quite a bit of punishment before being destroyed.

===Manual Engine Control===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" |Mixer
! rowspan="2" |Pitch
! colspan="3" |Radiator
! rowspan="2" |Supercharger
! rowspan="2" |Turbocharger
|-
! Oil
! Water
! Type
|-
| Controllable || rowspan="2" | Not controllable || rowspan="2" | Not controllable || rowspan="2" | Not controllable || rowspan="2" | Separate || rowspan="2" | Not controllable || rowspan="2" | Not controllable
|-
|}

===Modules===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" |Flight performance
! Survivability
! colspan="2" |Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair||Radiator
|
| Offensive 7 mm||
|-
| II
| ||Compressor
| Airframe
| New 7 mm MGs||
|-
| III
| Wings repair||Engine
|
| Turret 7 mm||Offensive 20 mm
|-
| IV
| ||Engine Injection
| Cover
| New 7 mm MGs (turret)||New 20 mm cannons
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Quadruple 7.7 mm defensive guns in a dangerous tight array
* Fairly good speed
* 8.5 mm of armour in pilot's seat
* Good manoeuvrability
* Two engine design for extra survivability

'''Cons:'''

* Beaten in turn fights by some aircraft
* Limited ammunition for all weapons
* Lack of protection around fuel tanks, engines, and gunner
* A single gunner man all four guns. When hit, all four weapons stop working
* Slightly-lacking climb rate for up-tiers.
* Offensive 7.7 mm struggle to down aircraft effectively

== History ==


The Nakajima J1N1 Gekko (Moonlight), nicknamed the "Irving" by allied pilots was a 3 crew twin-engine fighter.

First developed the replace the A5M series as escorts for the Japanese bombers of the day (G3M). The main requirement for the aircraft was manoeuvrability and distance. It met the requirements on paper; however, due to the addition of rear-facing guns, the performance of the aircraft was hindered, as such the J1N's role of an escort fighter was scrapped.

Equipped with two "Nakajima NK1F Sakae 21" 14cylinder radial engine's producing 1,130 horsepower each. It had a maximum range of 3,780 km (2,350 mi) if stripped of all weapons. This made it ideal for reconnaissance and was used for recon. During the beginning of the war with the Allies, the J1N was perfect for its reconnaissance role; however, when the war started favouring night attacks, the J1N was no longer equipped to serve its role.

Japanese Commander Yasuna Kozono noticed the plane could not serve as a nighttime recon, he equipped two upwards firing 20 mm Type 99 cannons. Upon the new variants first sortie it downed two American bombers by flying under them and firing on the unsuspecting bomber crew. This success was immediately noticed by the Japanese Military and ordered Nakajima (the developers of the plane) to produce night fighting variants.

At first, the J1N night fighters were equipped with a spotlight on the nose, but when the Japanese developed a radar it saw extreme success. The American Military did not think the Japanese were capable of building a night fighter, leading to the destruction of many B-17's.

The J1N would have many variants designed for intercepting bombers and would be seen throughout the war. With the Allies use of the B-29 at the end of the war, the J1N could no longer out the Ally bombers. The J1N's success slowly started to fade, but some extremely skilful pilots such as Sachio Endo were still capable of downing many B-29's despite their plane being vastly outdated in 1945.

479 J1N's built, with only 1 surviving the war. The surviving aircraft can be found at "Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center in Chantilly", in Virginia USA.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Nakajima}}
{{Japan twin-engine fighters and attackers}}

Stirling B Mk I

2020-08-10T12:42:53Z

U40125922: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card|code=stirling_mk1}}
{{About
| about = British bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = Stirling B Mk III
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.55 "Royal Armour"]].

The Stirling B Mk I plays as a standard long range bomber. Climbing to high altitudes and using alternative routes or flying at tree-top level to bomb targets to prevent engagement is recommended as the Stirling B Mk I likely won't survive any due to poor armour and strength. It is not well defended at all with low calibre machine guns, which are not very effective at the battle rating of 4.3/5.0. It is extremely flammable and fragile when engaged with cannons, although it may survive machine gun fire lower than 10 mm calibre.

== General info ==
=== Flight Performance ===

The general flight performance of this aircraft is lacking. The Stirling has a very poor climb rate - especially when stock. The turn time is sluggish, as well as acceleration and top speed.

Without performance upgrades, this aircraft will struggle to climb at all carrying a payload.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,268 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 372 || 358 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 51.9 || 53.8 || 5.3 || 5.3 || rowspan="2" | 1,170
|-
! Upgraded
| 422 || 396 || 48.3 || 50.0 || 11.4 || 7.9
|-
|}

====Details====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 350 || 350 || 245 || ~4 || ~2
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 350 || < 350 || < 350 || > 302
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 762 m || 1,325 hp || 1,656 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 4,267 m || 1,200 hp || 1,500 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===


* 8 mm Steel plate in the left pilot's seat.
* 9 mm Steel plate in front of engine cooling systems.

The survivability of the Stirling B Mk I is very poor. Any encounter with a fighter or bomber hunter will end badly. The entire structure is relatively weak, and it wont take many cannon rounds to tear off the tail or a wing. The fuel tanks are vulnerable and catch fire easily too. For armour, there is a 9 mm plate in front of the cooling systems of each engine, and an 8 mm plate protecting the pilot from rounds coming from the rear of the aircraft.

Due to the engines being radial, you do not have to worry so much about cooling as there is no liquid cooling system. Oil leaks and high temperature are still a concern though.

If a player does decide to sit on your rear, you do have six 7.7 mm machine guns that can shoot in that direction. Good preparation and a few well placed shots will quickly shred them, if they have not destroyed you first.

== Armaments ==
=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|G.P. 250 lb Mk.IV (250 lb)|G.P. 500 lb Mk.IV (500 lb)|M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I (1,000 lb)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 27 x 250 lb G.P. 250 lb Mk.IV bombs (6,750 lb total)
* 27 x 500 lb G.P. 500 lb Mk.IV bombs (13,500 lb total)
* 9 x 1,000 lb M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I bombs (9,000 lb total)

=== Defensive armament ===

{{main|Browning .303 (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 7.7 mm Browning .303 machine guns, nose turret (1,000 rpg = 2,000 total)
* 2 x 7.7 mm Browning .303 machine guns, dorsal turret (500 rpg = 1,000 total)
* 4 x 7.7 mm Browning .303 machine guns, tail turret (1,000 rpg = 4,000 total)
* 1 x 7.7 mm Browning .303 machine gun, ventral turret (1,000 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==


===== ''Offensive'' =====
The Stirling B Mk I is very large and very heavy. It has multiple loadout options of bombs, which can get 3 bases with its heavier bombloads. This is also the heaviest bombload at its tier.

===== ''Defensive'' =====
Its onboard LMG defensive armament most probably will not be effective against targets at BR 4.3/5.0. Defensive armament does not have 360° coverage, although it is somewhat effective against attacks from behind, where you can fire the dorsal/ventral and tail guns in unison.

===== ''Mobility'' =====
The Stirling B Mk I has 4 engines with enormous wing surface area, It makes for a good climb rate but it also struggles with heavier bombloads. Fortunately, the control surfaces are extremely large as well, which helps a lot with controlling the plane.

==== Tactics ====
The Stirling has a huge payload but delivering it may be challenging. This is because the plane is very weak for a BR 5.0. Going straight to bomb and enemy base as soon as you spawn is suicide. Keep in mind that if an enemy plane finds you, you are dead. It is much bigger than a Wellington and catches fire easier; a short burst from a Bf 109 or La-7 and you go down in flames. Stay away from any enemy plane if possible as your defensive armament is almost useless and you can only rely on stealth (WWII Stirlings were used primarily on night missions). Depending on the map, you can choose to go at tree top level, or take a long route away from the combat zone, hidden in the clouds. When attacking ground targets at low altitude, pay attention to anti-aircraft guns and trucks, they can set you on fire easily.

==== Specific enemies worth noting ====
Any fighter is very dangerous for the Stirling B Mk I. The [[Bf 109 (Family)|Bf 109]], [[La-5]], [[La-7]], [[A6M (Family)|A6M]], and the [[C.205N2|C.205]] are the most lethal opponents. If any risk of engagement is present, the player should seek fighter support.

==== Counter-tactics ====
Directly firing and not using any tactics is enough to kill the Stirling B Mk I. Its defensive armament can be ignored, although attacking from the top will minimize damage. Aiming at wings where the fuel tanks are is recommended, as it will most probably result in a fire.

===Manual Engine Control===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil
! Water
! Type
|-
| Not controllable || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Not controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Separate || rowspan="2" | Controllable 2 gears || rowspan="2" | Not controllable
|-
|}

===Modules===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="1" | Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! colspan="1" | Survivability
! colspan="2" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Radiator
|
|
| SUBC mk.I
|-
| II
|
| Compressor
| Airframe
| Turret 7 mm
|
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
|
|
| MBC mk.III
|-
| IV
|
| Engine injection
| Cover
| New 7 mm MGs (turret)
|
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Rear gunner and top fuselage gunner can fire in unison (If the rear gunner gets knocked-out, The top gunner will still be able to defend)
* Best payload at rank III, enough to destroy 3 bases

'''Cons:'''

* Very large target
* Cannot take many hits
* Flammable
* Mediocre LMG defence
* Almost no armour
* Vulnerable fuel tanks
* Very bad climb rate with full payload
* Sways very heavily in RB when trying to climb
* Huge glass cockpit means near-certain death from head-on attacks

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== Encyclopedia Info ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Short}}
{{Britain bombers}}

Stirling B Mk III

2020-08-10T12:42:03Z

U40125922: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card|code=stirling_mk3}}
{{About
| about = British bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = Stirling B Mk I
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.55 "Royal Armour"]].

The Stirling has a huge payload, but delivering it may be challenging because the plane is really weak for the BR. Going straight as soon as you spawn is suicide. Keep in mind that if an enemy plane finds you, you are dead. It is much bigger than a Wellington and catches fire easier, a short burst from a Bf 109 or La-7 and you go down in flames. Stay away from any enemy plane, your defensive armament is almost useless and you can only rely on stealth (like WWII Stirlings in night missions). Depending on the map, you can choose to go at tree top level, or take a long route away from the combat zone, hidden in the clouds. When attacking ground targets at low altitude, pay attention to anti-aircraft guns and trucks, they can set you on fire easily.

== General info ==
=== Flight Performance ===
The general flight performance of this aircraft is poor, similar to the Stirling B Mk I, although slightly improved. The Stirling has a very poor climb rate - especially when stock. The turn time is sluggish, as well as acceleration and top speed.

Without performance upgrades, this aircraft will struggle to climb at all carrying a payload.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,537 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 391 || 376 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 48.7 || 50.6 || 1.8 || 1.7 || rowspan="2" | 1,060
|-
! Upgraded
| 431 || 410 || 45.4 || 47.0 || 6.7 || 4.0
|-
|}

====Details====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 350 || 350 || 245 || ~4 || ~2
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 350 || < 350 || < 350 || > 308
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 3,000 m || 1,550 hp || 1,751 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,700 m || 1,430 hp || 1,615 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===

* 8 mm Steel plate in the left pilot's seat.
* 9 mm Steel plate in front of engine cooling systems.

The survivability of the Stirling B Mk III is very poor. Any encounter with a fighter or bomber hunter will end badly. The entire structure is relatively weak, and it wont take many cannon rounds to tear off the tail or a wing. The fuel tanks are vulnerable and catch fire easily too. For armour, there is a 9 mm plate in front of the cooling systems of each engine, and an 8 mm plate protecting the pilot from rounds coming from the rear of the aircraft.

Due to the engines being radial, you do not have to worry so much about cooling as there is no liquid cooling system. Oil leaks and high temperature are still a concern though.

If a player does decide to sit on your rear, you do have six 7.7 mm machine guns that can shoot in that direction. Good preparation and a few well placed shots will quickly shred them, if they have not destroyed you first.

== Armaments ==
=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|G.P. 250 lb Mk.IV (250 lb)|G.P. 500 lb Mk.IV (500 lb)|M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I (1,000 lb)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 27 x 250 lb G.P. 250 lb Mk.IV bombs (6,750 lb total)
* 27 x 500 lb G.P. 500 lb Mk.IV bombs (13,500 lb total)
* 9 x 1,000 lb M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I bombs (9,000 lb total)

=== Defensive armament ===

{{main|Browning .303 (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 7.7 mm Browning .303 machine guns, nose turret (1,000 rpg = 2,000 total)
* 2 x 7.7 mm Browning .303 machine guns, dorsal turret (500 rpg = 1,000 total)
* 4 x 7.7 mm Browning .303 machine guns, tail turret (1,000 rpg = 4,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==

===== Offensive =====
The Stirling B Mk III is very large and very heavy. It has multiple loadout options of bombs, which can get 3 bases with its heavier bombloads. This is also the heaviest bombload at its tier.

===== Defensive =====
Its onboard LMG defensive armament most probably will not be effective against targets at BR 4.7/5.3. Defensive armament does not have 360° coverage, although it is somewhat effective against attacks from behind, where you can fire the dorsal/ventral and tail guns in unison.

===== Mobility =====
The Stirling B Mk I has 4 engines with enormous wing surface area, It makes for a good climb rate but it also struggles with heavier bombloads. Fortunately, the control surfaces are extremely large as well, which helps a lot with controlling the plane.

==== Tactics ====
The Stirling has a huge payload but delivering it may be challenging. This is because the plane is very weak for a BR 5.0. Going straight to bomb and enemy base as soon as you spawn is suicide. Keep in mind that if an enemy plane finds you, you are dead. It is much bigger than a Wellington and catches fire easier; a short burst from a Bf 109 or La-7 and you go down in flames. Stay away from any enemy plane if possible as your defensive armament is almost useless and you can only rely on stealth (WWII Stirlings were used primarily on night missions). Depending on the map, you can choose to go at tree top level, or take a long route away from the combat zone, hidden in the clouds. When attacking ground targets at low altitude, pay attention to anti-aircraft guns and trucks, they can set you on fire easily.

==== Specific enemies worth noting ====
Any fighter is very dangerous for the Stirling B Mk I. The Bf 109, La-5, La-7, A6M, and the C.205 are the most lethal opponents. If any risk of engagement is present, the player should seek fighter support. If any heavy fighter or bomber hunter reaches you, you can expect to be sent back to the hangar immediately.

==== Counter-tactics ====
Directly firing and not using any tactics is enough to kill the Stirling B Mk I. Its defensive armament can be ignored, although attacking from the top will minimize damage. Aiming at wings where the fuel tanks are is recommended, as it will most probably result in a fire.

===Manual Engine Control===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil
! Water
! Type
|-
| Not controllable || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Not controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Separate || rowspan="2" | Controllable 2 gears || rowspan="2" | Not controllable
|-
|}

===Modules===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="1" | Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! colspan="1" | Survivability
! colspan="2" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Radiator
|
|
| SUBC mk.I
|-
| II
|
| Compressor
| Airframe
| Turret 7 mm
|
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
|
| New 7 mm MGs (turret)
| MBC mk.III
|-
| IV
|
| Engine injection
| Cover
|
|
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Best payload in Rank III, enough to destroy 3 bases.

'''Cons:'''

* Big target
* Cannot take many hits
* Catch fire easily
* Mediocre LMG defence
* Almost no armour
* Vulnerable fuel tanks
* Very bad climb rate with full payload

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== Encyclopedia Info ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Short}}
{{Britain bombers}}

C.R.714

2020-08-09T21:10:13Z

U40125922: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card|code=caudron_cr714}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_CR714.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} French fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.73 "Vive la France"]].

The C.R.714 is a good transition for new pilots going from biplanes to mono-wing aircraft. Like many aircraft which are mono-wing (light Japanese aircraft excepted), they are heavier than biplanes leading to a poorer turning radius in comparison. Alternatively, newer mono-wing aircraft tended to utilize larger engines and were capable of more power. The C.R.714 initially was developed as a race plane and excels when it is allowed to remain at speed, however if forced into a turning battle, it will lose speed rapidly.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 460 || 446 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.2 || 22.0 || 6.5 || 6.5 || rowspan="2" | 200
|-
! Upgraded
| 516 || 487 || 18.9 || 20.0 || 13.1 || 9.3
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 350 || 280 || 240 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 280 || < 240 || < 420 || > 280
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 4,000 m || 456 hp || 585 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|MAC 1934 (7.5 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 7.5 mm MAC 1934 machine guns, wing-mounted (300 rpg = 1,200 total)

The four machine guns are arranged in bundles of two mounted in the wing. Each are armed with the same amount of ammunition, which means that all guns will fire together until empty.

== Usage in battles ==

The C.R.714's racing heritage heavily influences the play style for this aircraft: Boom and Zoom. Use your speed to get in, hit a few targets, and get out. '''Do not engage in a turn fight!'''. Most of all of other fighters you will face will have a tighter turning radius and will easily find themselves right behind you.

The C.R.714 is a fairly responsive aircraft and while it may not be the best turn fighter, if you are caught in a turn/looping fight, utilize the strong rudder to aid in making sharper turns. Many times, utilizing the rudder will throw off the trajectory of your aircraft making it more difficult for a pursuing aircraft to get accurate gun fire on you.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! Survivability
! Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Radiator
|
| Offensive 7 mm
|-
| II
|
| Compressor
| Airframe
| New 7 mm MGs
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
|
|
|-
| IV
|
| Engine injection
| Cover
|
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great roll rate
* Decent level speed
* Machine guns are quite powerful (~25 rounds per second per gun)
* Small target
* Slightly better climb rate than average
* One of the best rank 1 Boom and Zoom/energy fighters
* Excellent cockpit visibility

'''Cons:'''

* Machine guns jam between 6 - 10 seconds of continuous fire
* Average turn radius (almost catches smoke trail in turn)
* Low ammunition count
* Can be difficult to master for early players still learning the game

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|J43vCE-Fo30|'''The Shooting Range #67''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 03:22 discusses the C.R.714.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5024-development-caudron-cr-714-racing-breed-en|[Development] Caudron CR.714: Racing Breed]]

{{AirManufacturer Caudron}}
{{France fighters}}