War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

Spitfire LF Mk IXc (USA)

2023-08-19T17:01:17Z

U36185613: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = American fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Spitfire (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=spitfire_ix_usa
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_spitfire_ix_usa.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} American fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,878 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 632 || 611 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 16.4 || 17.0 || 22.2 || 22.2 || rowspan="2" | 320
|-
! Upgraded
| 735 || 690 || 14.8 || 14.8 || 43.3 || 31.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || 230 || ~10 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 321 || < 400 || < 350 || > 470
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 38 mm Bulletproof glass in front of the pilot
* 3 mm Steel plate on top of fuel tanks
* 4 mm Steel plate on pilot's seat. Behind pilot is another 6-7 mm steel plate
* 3 mm Steel plates around ammunition

* Critical components located at the front of aircraft (fuel, pilot, engine, controls)
* Additional fuel tanks are located in the wings near the fuselage

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Hispano Mk.II (20 mm)|Browning (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm Hispano Mk.II cannons, wing-mounted (120 rpg = 240 total)
* 4 x 7.7 mm Browning machine guns, wing-mounted (350 rpg = 1,400 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AN-M57 (250 lb)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 1 x 250 lb AN-M57 bomb (250 lb total)

== Usage in battles ==

All Spitfire versions served primarily as fighter aircraft. Due to its high manoeuvrability, the Spitfire LF Mk IXc excels in dogfighting, matched only by a few opponents (mainly Japanese). Due to its vulnerabilities, namely its low ammunition load and somewhat flimsy airframe, it is not recommended to attack bombers with heavy defensive armament. Its climb rate is one of the Spitfire's greatest advantages, being able to outclimb many rivals at its rank. Despite this, it is not recommended to try to catch up with zoom-climbing enemy fighters, because the Spitfire will most likely run out of speed before you manage to engage the opponent. Therefore, go into a shallow but high-speed climb to patiently gain the same altitude as the foe. Do not waste too much speed or altitude to the Boom & Zoom bounce from above, or else it will not work. In emergency situations, when an opponent is diving onto you, your speed is insufficient to face them and, when there are no clouds to hide in, you can descend to the tree-top level and use sharp turns and preferably uneven terrain to make dive attacks impossible for your opponent. He will most likely have to pull up before he can attack, due to his high speed. Exactly at that moment when he is pulling up, you can take initiative.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Combined || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent rate of climb which will rival later Griffon Spitfires and most late war props
* Excellent acceleration from a standing start due to the boost configuration
* Good manoeuvrability, albeit lower than other Spitfires (I-V Marks)
* Extremely strong for its BR, similar or better flight performance to that of 6.7 super props
* This plane is the definition of pay to win as it is severely under-tiered

'''Cons:'''

* Features the British 7.7 mm 303 Browning machine guns
* Tendency to break its wings during high-speed manoeuvres
* Very low ammunition count, must be very conservative
* Poor engine performance at high altitudes
* Expensive to purchase

== History ==


{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}|expand=true}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
Supermarine Spitfire Mk.IX (Type 361) single-engine interceptor fighter/front-line fighter

A single-seat, single-engine, all-metal, low-wing cantilever monoplane fighter.

Not only the British but also quite a few pilots from other countries fought on Supermarine Spitfire fighters. The Americans used Spitfires, as well..

The beginning of the Spitfire was marked by volunteers who had joined the ranks of the British RAF before the USA joined the war. In 1941, there were three full-fledged American fighter squadrons in Britain, named the Eagles. The Americans originally flew Hurricanes, but in August 1941 they started their retraining on Spitfires. Until the autumn of 1942, the Eagles were common British squadrons with the corresponding staff, uniforms, and markings. On September 29, 1942, thanks to an intergovernmental agreement, the Eagles were transferred to the command of the Eighth Air Force of the USAAF, located in Great Britain. Three squadrons were combined to form the 4th Fighter Wing, and the tricolour British cockades on the planes were replaced with American ones.

Beginning in 1942, a number of the USAAF's fighter units which had arrived at the West European theatre of war without planes received British fighters as part of the so-called "Reverse Lend-Lease". These squadrons were originally based in Great Britain. Later, they were also based in North Africa. A total of about 1,000 Spitfires of various versions were handed over to the USAAF by the RAF.

For example, the 52nd Fighter Wing was redeployed in July 1942 from the USA over the ocean to Northern Ireland. It was there that American fighter pilots had to master the Spitfire. The Americans flew Spitfires when they joined the North African Campaign in November 1942. American pilots fought in Spitfires in the North African theatre of war until the German troops were defeated in May 1943.

The Americans used Spitfires (Mk.VIII and Mk.IX variants) in the skies over Italy as part of the Twelfth Air Force. By March 1944, the majority of the British planes had been replaced with Mustangs, but there were still some planes with those white stars on their fuselages all the way up until the Capitulation of Germany.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=spitfire_ix_usa Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|AtuFtliw3Bo|'''Premium Review: US Spitfire LF. Mk. IXc [Beauty&Beast]''' - ''Jengar''}}

== See also ==


;Other late Merlin-engine LF variant Spitfires

* [[Spitfire LF Mk IX]]
* [[Plagis' Spitfire LF Mk IXc]]
* [[Spitfire LF Mk.IX Weizman's (Israel)]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/341985-supermarine-spitfire-lfmkixce/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Supermarine}}
{{USA fighters}}
{{USA premium aircraft}}

Weizman's Spitfire LF Mk.IXe (Israel)

2023-08-19T17:00:17Z

U36185613: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = Israeli gift fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Spitfire (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=spitfire_lf_mk9e_weisman
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|StoreImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|store=10590
}}

== Description ==

'''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Israeli fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced as a [[wt:en/news/7383-development-israel-a-new-gaming-nation-coming-to-war-thunder-en|premium pack]] in [[Update "Ground Breaking"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,878 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 632 || 611 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 16.4 || 17.0 || 22.2 || 22.2 || rowspan="2" | 320
|-
! Upgraded
| 735 || 690 || 14.8 || 14.8 || 43.3 || 31.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || 230 || ~10 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 321 || < 400 || < 350 || > 470
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 38 mm Bulletproof glass in the cockpit front.
* 4 mm Steel plate in the pilot's seat.
* 6-7 mm Steel plates behind the pilot.
* 3 mm Steel plate on top of the fuel tanks.
* 3 mm Steel boxes around the wing ammunition.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Hispano Mk.II (20 mm)|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

'''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm Hispano Mk.II cannons, wing-mounted (135 rpg = 270 total)
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, wing-mounted (260 rpg = 520 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AN-M57 (250 lb)|Flz.-Rakete Oerlikon}}

'''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 16 x Flz.-Rakete Oerlikon rockets
* 2 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (500 lb total)
* 2 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs + 16 x Flz.-Rakete Oerlikon rockets (500 lb total)

== Usage in battles ==

This plane is a formidable opponent when going against it. It has an astounding climb rate with a decent armament and still maintains that superb turn time that spitfires are known for. Because it is a low altitude variant, it is wise to stay below 5,000 m to get the best performance possible. Remember to use your supercharger when above 2,000 m: it will grant you a significant performance increase. Climbing is a valid strategy when you first spawn in because of your amazing climb rate. You are nearly guaranteed a height advantage over everyone. Maintain your altitude and lure enemies into a turn fight as there isn't anyone at your battle rating that can outturn you, the exception being a couple Japanese planes. Although this plane is a good turnfighter, exploiting your turn rate too much can lead to bleed a lot of energy and become an easy target for other planes. This plane is reasonably fast but for sure not the fastest at its rating. Do not head on with this plane. The 20 mm Hispano cannons are inaccurate, and jam quickly, even when fully upgraded. Instead, dodge and start a turn fight where the Spitfire will almost always come out on top.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Combined || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great climb rate
* Fast turn rate for its battle rating
* Good ground strike ability for a fighter
* Carries bombs and rockets for ground attack
* Premium bonuses
* This plane is the definition of pay to win as it is severely under-tiered

'''Cons:'''

* Since it is a LF Spitfire variant (low-altitude fighter), its performance suffers at high altitude
* Not the fastest at its battle rating
* Terrible energy fighter
* Bleeds a lot of speed when turning
* Weapons are mounted far apart in the wings

== History ==

Shortly after the establishment of the State of Israel, its new Defense Ministry began work on the formation of a more organised air force as a branch of the new Israel Defense Force. The first planes purchased were Czechoslovakian Avia S-199s - a partially-improvised version of the Bf 109 - but these proved to be inferior to Egyptian Air Force Spitfires. Simultaneously, Israel began acquiring its own Spitfires (primarily surplus planes previously given to Czechoslovakia by Britain) in a series of politically - and functionally - complex operations. By the end of the war, most combat aircraft in the Israeli Air Force (IAF) were Spitfires of whatever models could be acquired.

The Black Spitfire originally arrived in Israel in November 1949 (months after the official end of the war), and initially bore the number 2057. It served in the 101 fighter squadron. By this time, Spitfires were only used as bomber escorts and for reconnaissance flights. Most Israeli Spitfires were eventually sold to Burma in 1954; however, Ezer Weizman - then commander of the Ramat David air force base - argued to keep several of the aircraft in Israel. He ordered one of those aircraft, including number 2057, to be painted black, to match the colour scheme used by his former British airbase commander in Rhodesia during World War II, when Weizman trained as a pilot in the RAF. The plane was renumbered to "57".

Weizman kept the aircraft for training purposes in the IAF, but it was unofficially understood to be his own personal plane. Weizman later became Commander of the IAF and eventually retired, but nevertheless kept flying the plane during multiple IAF air parades over the following decades. The plane became famous in Israel as "Weizman's Black Spit", and was closely associated with the man. Weizman went on to become a member of the Israeli parliament, its Minister of Defense, and finally the President of the State of Israel. During his funeral in 2005 the Black Spit was flown over the burial ceremony.

The Black Spit is one of about 60 Spitfires that are still operational today. When not undergoing maintenance, it is occasionally kept on public display at the IAF Museum near Be'er Sheva.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=spitfire_lf_mk9e_weisman Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|mF0d3bos75I|'''The Shooting Range #281''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:26 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


;Other late Merlin-engine LF variant Spitfires

* [[Spitfire LF Mk IXc (USA)]]
* [[Spitfire LF Mk IX]]
* [[Plagis' Spitfire LF Mk IXc]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7383-development-israel-a-new-gaming-nation-coming-to-war-thunder-en|[Devblog] Israel, a new gaming nation coming to War Thunder!]]

{{AirManufacturer Supermarine}}
{{Israel fighters}}
{{Israel premium aircraft}}

Weizman's Spitfire LF Mk.IXe (Israel)

2023-08-19T16:59:44Z

U36185613: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = Israeli gift fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Spitfire (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=spitfire_lf_mk9e_weisman
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|StoreImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|store=10590
}}

== Description ==

'''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Israeli fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced as a [[wt:en/news/7383-development-israel-a-new-gaming-nation-coming-to-war-thunder-en|premium pack]] in [[Update "Ground Breaking"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,878 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 632 || 611 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 16.4 || 17.0 || 22.2 || 22.2 || rowspan="2" | 320
|-
! Upgraded
| 735 || 690 || 14.8 || 14.8 || 43.3 || 31.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || 230 || ~10 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 321 || < 400 || < 350 || > 470
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 38 mm Bulletproof glass in the cockpit front.
* 4 mm Steel plate in the pilot's seat.
* 6-7 mm Steel plates behind the pilot.
* 3 mm Steel plate on top of the fuel tanks.
* 3 mm Steel boxes around the wing ammunition.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Hispano Mk.II (20 mm)|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

'''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm Hispano Mk.II cannons, wing-mounted (135 rpg = 270 total)
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, wing-mounted (260 rpg = 520 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AN-M57 (250 lb)|Flz.-Rakete Oerlikon}}

'''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 16 x Flz.-Rakete Oerlikon rockets
* 2 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (500 lb total)
* 2 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs + 16 x Flz.-Rakete Oerlikon rockets (500 lb total)

== Usage in battles ==

This plane is a formidable opponent when going against it. It has an astounding climb rate with a decent armament and still maintains that superb turn time that spitfires are known for. Because it is a low altitude variant, it is wise to stay below 5,000 m to get the best performance possible. Remember to use your supercharger when above 2,000 m: it will grant you a significant performance increase. Climbing is a valid strategy when you first spawn in because of your amazing climb rate. You are nearly guaranteed a height advantage over everyone. Maintain your altitude and lure enemies into a turn fight as there isn't anyone at your battle rating that can outturn you, the exception being a couple Japanese planes. Although this plane is a good turnfighter, exploiting your turn rate too much can lead to bleed a lot of energy and become an easy target for other planes. This plane is reasonably fast but for sure not the fastest at its rating. Do not head on with this plane. The 20 mm Hispano cannons are inaccurate, and jam quickly, even when fully upgraded. Instead, dodge and start a turn fight where the Spitfire will almost always come out on top.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Combined || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great climb rate
* Fast turn rate for its battle rating
* Good ground strike ability for a fighter
* Carries bombs and rockets for ground attack
* Premium bonuses
* This plane is the definition of pay to win as it is severely under-tiered

'''Cons:'''

* Since it is a LF Spitfire variant (low-altitude fighter), its performance suffers at high altitude
* Not the fastest at its battle rating
* Terrible energy fighter
* Bleeds a lot of speed when turning

== History ==

Shortly after the establishment of the State of Israel, its new Defense Ministry began work on the formation of a more organised air force as a branch of the new Israel Defense Force. The first planes purchased were Czechoslovakian Avia S-199s - a partially-improvised version of the Bf 109 - but these proved to be inferior to Egyptian Air Force Spitfires. Simultaneously, Israel began acquiring its own Spitfires (primarily surplus planes previously given to Czechoslovakia by Britain) in a series of politically - and functionally - complex operations. By the end of the war, most combat aircraft in the Israeli Air Force (IAF) were Spitfires of whatever models could be acquired.

The Black Spitfire originally arrived in Israel in November 1949 (months after the official end of the war), and initially bore the number 2057. It served in the 101 fighter squadron. By this time, Spitfires were only used as bomber escorts and for reconnaissance flights. Most Israeli Spitfires were eventually sold to Burma in 1954; however, Ezer Weizman - then commander of the Ramat David air force base - argued to keep several of the aircraft in Israel. He ordered one of those aircraft, including number 2057, to be painted black, to match the colour scheme used by his former British airbase commander in Rhodesia during World War II, when Weizman trained as a pilot in the RAF. The plane was renumbered to "57".

Weizman kept the aircraft for training purposes in the IAF, but it was unofficially understood to be his own personal plane. Weizman later became Commander of the IAF and eventually retired, but nevertheless kept flying the plane during multiple IAF air parades over the following decades. The plane became famous in Israel as "Weizman's Black Spit", and was closely associated with the man. Weizman went on to become a member of the Israeli parliament, its Minister of Defense, and finally the President of the State of Israel. During his funeral in 2005 the Black Spit was flown over the burial ceremony.

The Black Spit is one of about 60 Spitfires that are still operational today. When not undergoing maintenance, it is occasionally kept on public display at the IAF Museum near Be'er Sheva.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=spitfire_lf_mk9e_weisman Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|mF0d3bos75I|'''The Shooting Range #281''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:26 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


;Other late Merlin-engine LF variant Spitfires

* [[Spitfire LF Mk IXc (USA)]]
* [[Spitfire LF Mk IX]]
* [[Plagis' Spitfire LF Mk IXc]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7383-development-israel-a-new-gaming-nation-coming-to-war-thunder-en|[Devblog] Israel, a new gaming nation coming to War Thunder!]]

{{AirManufacturer Supermarine}}
{{Israel fighters}}
{{Israel premium aircraft}}

CL-13 Mk.4

2023-08-14T04:52:26Z

U36185613: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = Italian jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = F-86 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=f-86_cl_13_mk4_italy
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_f-86_cl_13_mk4_italy.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]].

Flying very similarly to the [[F-86A-5]] Sabre, this early CL-13 is not as formidable as its younger siblings in the German tree. The J47-GE-13 engine does not allow it to climb or accelerate as quickly as most of its opposition and the machine gun armament can be lacking against jet aircraft. Still, it turns well and retains speed decently in a straight line. Play in a cautious support role for best results.

Succeeding the CL-13 Mk.4 is the [[F-86K (Italy)|Italian F-86K]], a heavily revised Sabre that trades manoeuvrability for much stronger armament and an afterburning engine producing nearly twice the thrust.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The CL-13 Mk.4 will feel immediately familiar to anyone who has flown the F-86A-5. The engine feels lacking; it does produce more thrust than the contemporary [[MiG-15]]'s RD-45 engine, but considering that the Sabre weighs much more, the results are not pretty. And the [[MiG-15bis]] leaves the poor Sabre in the dust. Engine performance aside, the airframe has some perks. It has leading edge slats that allow it to turn quickly at low speeds, the sleek aerodynamics contribute to good top speed and horizontal energy retention, and the roll rate is fantastic. Hard turning should be done with caution however, as it tends to bleed energy, and at high speeds it's easy to break the wings.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,081 || 1,071 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.4 || 25.9 || 30.7 || 28.8 || rowspan="2" | 700
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,105 || 1,093 || 22.7 || 24.0 || 46.2 || 38.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,118  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 590 || 550 || 350 || ~11 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 850 || < 600 || < 620 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | General Electric J47-GE-13 || 1
| colspan="2" | 5,042 kg || colspan="3" | 236 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 9m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 31m fuel
|-
| 1,145 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 5,427 kg || 5,846 kg || 6,248 kg || 6,326 kg || 9,530 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 9m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 31m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 2,273 kgf || N/A
| 0.42 || 0.39 || 0.36 || 0.36 || 0.24
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 2,273 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.42 || 0.39 || 0.36 || 0.36 || 0.24
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 6.35 mm steel - in front of pilot
* 38 mm bulletproof glass
* 20 mm steel - pilot's headrest
* 12.7 mm steel - pilot's seat

The plane isn't the best at survivability due to having very little armour around the cockpit, but it does have strong spots as well, such as the 38 mm bullet-proof glass which can save you from some head-ons.

[[File:CL-13 Mk.4 Italy.jpg|thumb|The CL-13 Mk.4's armour and bullet-proof glass]]

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M3 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 6 x 12.7 mm M3 Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (300 rpg = 1,800 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|M117 cone 45 (750 lb)|AN-M65A1 Fin M129 (1,000 lb)|HVAR}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 16 x HVAR rockets
* 2 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (1,500 lb total)
* 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 Fin M129 bombs (2,000 lb total)

== Usage in battles ==


The CL-13 Mk.4 is held back by its poor engine performance and is not as good at energy fighting as the MiG-15, for example, but going all-in on close quarters turnfighting may not end well either. It is rather contradictory; it turns well but bleeds energy while doing so, and it accelerates poorly but holds onto speed quite well outside of wild manoeuvring or hard vertical manoeuvres.

Playing as a support fighter can mean many things, but for the most part it involves waiting for teammates to start engagements and jumping in later to pick off distracted enemies. This is not the most glamorous of playstyles, but charging into battle will usually result in being sent back to the hangar very quickly. At the start of the match, try to pick up some speed at low altitude to help the Sabre accelerate as best as it can, preferably somewhat off to the side. Once sufficient speed is attained (perhaps at around 800 km/h), zoom climb up to medium altitude, level out, and start flying towards the center of the map. At this point, first contact should have been made with the enemy team and there will likely be a sizeable furball. Begin performing gentle boom-and-zoom attacks against low-energy opponents if there are not too many opponents looming above you. If an enemy gets on your six, use the excellent roll rate to dodge fire as best as possible and head towards teammates for assistance. Once your energy has been expended, try to extend away and regain altitude.

Turnfighting can often work since this Sabre is very nimble, but don't keep it up for long unless you are certain that it will secure a kill. Dumping all of your energy will make you a very easy target for enemy guns and missiles and regaining energy is difficult. Think twice before chasing enemies into vertical manoeuvres; the poor thrust-to-weight is unhelpful and the Mk.4 lacks missiles to shove up a stall-climbing target's tailpipe.

Overall, flying the Mk.4 is a tricky affair. It has some parity with other early swept wing jets and it can outmanoeuvre most of its opponents, but said opponents can include jets with afterburners and missiles. There is really not much that the Mk.4 can do against supersonic jets like the [[F-100A (China)|F-100A]] unless they are very low on energy or are foolish enough to engage in a turnfight. The Mach 2 capable [[Lightning F.6|English Electric Lightning]] in particular has nearly 5 times the climb rate and is practically untouchable. Leave these targets for your teammates, who are hopefully better equipped than you, and find other enemies to engage.

=== Radars ===

The CL-13 Mk.4 is equipped with an AN/APG-30 rangefinding radar, located in the nose of the aircraft.
It will automatically detect other planes within the scanning area and display the range to the closest target. It is linked with a gyro gunsight and can help with aiming at close range.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | AN/APG-30 - Rangefinding radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
|-
| 2,750 m || 300 m || ±9° || ±9°
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent speed for its rank
* Magnificent roll rate
* Can carry ground attack ordnance, better bombload than the [[G.91 pre-serie]] and [[G.91 R/1]]
* Out turns most enemies due to being slower

'''Cons:'''

* General Electric J47-GE-13 engine shared by the [[F-86A-5|A-5]] is the weakest of any Sabre, substandard climb and acceleration
* Weak armament - ineffective for the BR and small windows for opportunity
* Due to the wide air frame, the guns are hard to use at their optimal range (sub 500m)
* Prone to exceeding its wing overload limit
* Woefully outmatched by all other planes at the 8.7 BR bracket

== History ==


The Canadair CL-13 Sabre was a license-produced version of the famous American [[F-86 (Family)|F-86 Sabre]] jet fighter. Its introduction in 1950 gave the Royal Canadian Air Force a modern jet fighter a year after Canada joined NATO. While initial marks of the CL-13 were very similar to existing US models, later versions featured new engines and airframe modifications that improved performance. The final [[CL-13B Mk.6|Mark 6]] was considered to be the ultimate Sabre by many. Much like their US counterparts, CL-13s were widely exported and saw extensive use with Pakistan, Germany, Greece, and other countries. Total production amounted to 1,815 aircraft.

The '''CL-13 Mk.4''' variant was intended to use the domestic Orenda engine manufactured by Avro Canada, boasting increased thrust over the initial American J47-GE-13 engine used by previous models. An early version of the Orenda had been successfully tested on the one-off Mk. 3 prototype, known for setting a women's speed record in 1952. Still, developmental delays in the Orenda led to the Mk.4 reverting to the J47. The end result was a very similar aircraft to the CL-13 Mk. 2, itself a virtual carbon copy of the F-86E. Like the F-86E, the Mk.4 had an "all-flying" tail, modified windshield, and an improved flight control system over the [[F-86A-5|F-86A]] series. The improvements over the Mk. 2 were limited to cockpit equipment and systems, including the air conditioning and canopy release. It first flew in August 1952.

438 Mk.4s were produced. The majority of these did not serve with the Royal Canadian Air Force; their greatest initial user was in fact the Royal Air Force. At the time that the CL-13 entered mass production, the RAF still relied on early straight-wing jet aircraft, lagging behind the swept-wing Sabre in terms of performance. The [[Hunter (Family) |Hawker Hunter]] and [[Swift F.1|Supermarine Swift]] had not entered service yet. The RAF placed substantial orders for CL-13s as a stopgap, including 428 Mk.4s. Some saw brief service in Canadian hands before being delivered to the RAF, and others were sent directly out of the factory. The Sabres equipped 11 units stationed in both Britain and Germany. Their service was brief and uneventful, and the Hawker Hunter quickly began to replace them after it became operational in 1954. The retired Sabres were still young in terms of airframe life and ended up being sent to other countries. Amusingly, the United States, the original inventor and user of the Sabre, was also given a batch of CL-13s. They were designated F-86E(M) to differentiate them from US-produced Sabres.

Italy received 179 (180 in some sources) ex-RAF Mk.4s in 1957. As in the US, they were also designated F-86E(M). Used primarily for air defense, the Mk.4 was tested with the domestic SISPRE C-7 infrared homing air-to-air missile, the first such missile designed by Italy. The Frecce Tricolore aerobatic team was equipped with these Sabres upon their formation in 1961. In 1963, a handful of Sabres were deployed to the Belgian Congo as part of UN peacekeeping, flown by Philippine pilots. The Sabres were replaced in military service by the [[F-104 (Family)|F-104 Starfighter]] starting in 1963 and in aerobatic roles by the [[G.91 (Family)|Fiat G.91]] in 1964. All were phased out by 1965. While the CL-13 did not have an exciting career with the Aeronautica Militare Italiana, it provided a fairly modern aircraft capable of competing with subsonic Eastern Bloc jets until more advanced or domestic aircraft were ready, not unlike its role with the RAF. One Italian CL-13 is preserved today in the Italian Air Force Museum at Vigne de Valle.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=f-86_cl_13_mk4_italy Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development

* Canadair [[F-86 (Family)|Sabres]]
** [[CL-13A Mk 5]]
** [[CL-13B Mk.6]]

;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* Grumman [[F9F-8|F9F]] Cougar
* Lavochkin [[La-15]]
* Mikoyan-Gurevich [[MiG-15]]
* Mikoyan-Gurevich [[MiG-17]]
* Hawker [[Hunter F.1|Hunter]]
* Dassault [[Super Mystere B2|Super Mystère]]
* Saab [[J29D|J29]] Tunnan

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Canadair}}
{{Italy jet aircraft}}

G.91 Y

2023-08-14T04:47:59Z

U36185613: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = Italian jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = G.91 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=fiat_g91_y
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Drone Age"]].

The G.91 Y is a multi-role fighter made by Fiat. It was based largely on earlier Fiat G.91 fighters, the G.91 Y was a complete redesign but kept the basic shape of the G.91 series, this was mainly due to the fact that Fiat decided to start making the Y from the G.91T air frame. The biggest difference between the two types was the conversion from a single-engine to two General Electric J85 turbojets outfitted with afterburners. This conversion alone resulted in a 60% increase in the aircraft's thrust, however, it was not enough for this jet to become supersonic even when in a dive.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" |Characteristics
! colspan="2" |Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" |Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" |Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" |Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" |Take-off run (metres)
|-
!AB!!RB!!AB!!RB!!AB!!RB
|-
!Stock
|1,114||1,109|| rowspan="2" |{{Specs|ceiling}}||29.5||30.7||60.4||54.6|| rowspan="2" |750
|-
!Upgraded
|1,131||1,123||28.6||29.0||91.8||75.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" |Features
|-
!Combat flaps!!Take-off flaps!!Landing flaps!!Air brakes!!Arrestor gear!!Drogue chute
|-
|✓||✓||✓||✓||✓||✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" |Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" |Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" |Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" |Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" |Max Static G
|-
!Combat!!Take-off!!Landing!!+!!-
|-
|{{Specs|destruction|body}}||{{Specs|destruction|gear}}||592||556||371||~11||~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" |Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
!Ailerons!!Rudder!!Elevators!!Radiator
|-
|< 800||< 650||< 660||N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" |Engine
! colspan="6" |Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" |Engine name||Number
! colspan="3" |Empty mass
! colspan="3" |Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" |General Electric J85-GE-13A||2
| colspan="3" |4,350 kg
| colspan="3" |380 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" |Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" |Mass with fuel (no weapons load)
! rowspan="2" |Max Takeoff Weight
|-
!Weight (each)|| colspan="2" |Type
!17m fuel||20m fuel||30m fuel
!45m fuel
!57m fuel
|-
|271 kg|| colspan="2" |Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
|5,114 kg||5,246 kg||5,688 kg||6,351 kg
|6,882 kg
|8,500 kg
|-
! colspan="3" |{{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" |Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
!Condition||100%||WEP
!17m fuel||20m fuel||30m fuel||45m fuel
!57m fuel
!MTOW
|-
|''Stationary''||1,230 kgf||1,894 kgf
|0.74||0.72||0.67||0.60
|0.55
|0.45
|-
|''Optimal''||1,242 kgf (1,000 km/h)
|1,913 kgf (1,000 km/h)
|0.75||0.73||0.67||0.60
|0.56
|0.45
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


*40 mm bulletproof glass in the canopy windshield (angled to provide about 94 mm of protection)
*6.5 mm steel behind pilot's seat

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|DEFA 552 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552 cannons, nose-mounted (125 rpg = 250 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="11%" | 1 !! width="11%" | 2 !! width="11%" | 3 !! width="11%" | 4
| rowspan="11" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 82 (500 lb)|500 lb LDGP Mk 82]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[Mk 82 Snakeye (500 lb)|500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[Aerea 559G1 incendiary]] bombs
| || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[FFAR Mighty Mouse]] rockets
| 19 || 19 || 19 || 19
|-
! [[Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP]] rockets
| 4 || 4 || 4 || 4
|-
! [[AA-20 Nord]] missiles
| || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[AS-20 Nord]] missiles
| || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[AS-30 Nord]] missiles
| || 1 || 1 ||
|-
| colspan="5" | Maximum permissible loadout weight: 1,815 kg Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 800 kg
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* Without load
* 76 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 16 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets
* 2 x AS-20 Nord missiles
* 2 x AS-30 Nord missiles
* 2 x AA-20 Nord missiles
* 4 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (2,000 lb total)
* 4 x 500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye bombs (2,000 lb total)
* 2 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (1,000 lb total)
* 2 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (2,000 lb total)
* 4 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 2 x Aerea 559G1 incendiary bombs
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==


The G.91Y plays exactly like the G.91YS, the only main differences is the lack of a ballistic computer and air-to-air missiles. The G.91Y is capable of having a lot of power and energy potential, a great pilot will be able to learn its quirks relatively quickly and be able to use the aircraft's pros and cons to its advantage. The aircraft has great engines with afterburners however they aren't strong enough to allow you to go supersonic, so keep that in mind. Armament-wise, the aircraft is able to pretty much deal with anything it manages to get its cannons to hit, the 30 mm DEFAs aren't anything to scoff about. They're more than adequate to take planes down however getting to a plane whilst having to evade missiles and another aircraft at your battle rating might be extremely difficult for players who don't have the experience or lack situational awareness. The G.91Y retains the same suspended weapons as the YS, besides the lack of AIM-9Bs, the Y also has the capability of mounting 76 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets which provide the potential of low-altitude Boom & Zooming on trucks, anti-aircraft artillery, light tanks and even enemy fighters attempting an airfield capture, though this does not come without a cost. When dropping in low on ground targets, the fighter sacrifices its speed and manoeuvrability for that ordnance. The G.91 Y also can outfit a few bombs so the Y could also get the role of base bomber following up by attacking enemy fighters, but even still it isn't always reliable and can be easily intercepted from any other supersonic fighter jets patrolling the area. When it comes to ground close air support you will need to learn how to spot enemy AA and focus on taking them out and giving you and your team air superiority during the match. The Fiat G.91Y can take out enemy tanks with the bombs and rockets, however its best if you save them for stronger foes or a cluster of enemies especially due to the lack of a ballistic computer. Your main 30 mm armament is more than capable of taking out light vehicles such as M113s and BMPs. The cannons can be used instead for quick head-ons and to mop any remaining opponents at close-range.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

*Excellent acceleration and roll speed
*Wide variety of payload options
*High rate of climb
*Deadly main armament
*Drag chute helps slow you down very quickly during landings
*Can pull hard Gs on maneuvers without ripping
*Due to 9.3 BR, avoids more advanced enemy missiles unlike the G.91 YS upgrade

'''Cons:'''

* Slower than most planes it will face
* Slower turn rate compared to earlier G.91s
* Flaps and landing gear are prone to ripping off
* New booster module is a must to research in order to avoid crashing during a very fast and low-level dive
* Limited ammo
* Slow muzzle velocity on cannons compared to many counterparts
* No ballistic computer
* Does not have access to air-to-air missiles

== History ==


The story of the Fiat G.91Y began during the late stages of the cold war. During the mid 1960s, Fiat decided to develop a new lightweight fighter-bomber, destined to replace the G.91R aircraft which at the time, would be in service inside of the Italian Air Force. They were also looking and studying the possibly to raise the interest in a possibile purchase of this new aircraft by other air forces who were looking to replace their G.91s. In addition, some requirements from the AM (Aeronautica Militare) needed the new aircraft to be capable of medium-range interdiction missions as a successor to the Italian F-84Fs which had been taken out of service. During the design stages Fiat decided to start and base the new aircraft from the previously made G.91T air frame. During development however the airframe underwent several different changes that in effect made the aircraft basically become a completely new machine. One of the main differences between the standard G.91 and the Y variant was the addition of two General Electric J85 afterburning engines, which was contrary to the preceding single-engine G.91. These engines allowed the Fiat G.91Y to nearly reach speeds of mach 1, although ultimately it remained a subsonic aircraft. The aircraft's fuselage and wings were also enlarged to accommodate 3 more fuel tanks (for a total capacity of 3200 liters), it also had bigger powerplant and a vastly improved flight and handling characteristics. The new G.91Y performed its maiden flight in December 1966. Testing revealed minor aerodynamic issues which would be resolved on subsequent production aircraft with only minor redesigns. In terms of armament, another thing the G.91Y improved on from the previous variant was in the form of armament. The G.91Y was equipped with x2 30mm Defa cannons which were installed unto the aircraft. For suspended armament the following was available for the G.91Y; Mk.82 and Mk.83 free-fall bombs, BL.755 cluster bombs, Orione pod, LAU-3A and LAU-18 rocket pods, Zuni rocket pods, 4 x AS-20s and 2 x air-to-ground AS-30L (Leger) Nords. Fiat had named the aircraft to G.91Y, probably to exploit the overwhelming positive image it had gained through previous G.91 users. After a few modifications and refinement of the design, the first 55 aircraft orders for the Italian Air Force would be completed by march of 1971 (out of a grand total of 67 aircraft eventually being delivered). The G.91Y served exclusively with Italian squadrons up until the early 1990s, before being replaced by the AMX Internatonal.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=fiat_g91_y Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


* [[G.91 R/1]]
* [[G.91 YS]]

== External links ==


* https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/523601-g91y-possibile-top-tier-italian-cas-discuss/

{{AirManufacturer Fiat}}
{{Italy jet aircraft}}

Sagittario 2

2023-08-14T04:42:54Z

U36185613: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=sagittario_2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Red Skies"]]. The Aerfer Sagittario 2 is one of the more nimble and dog-fight friendly jets that Italy has access to inside its tech tree. It has great handling and 2 fast firing cannons which destroy pretty much any aircraft that is unlucky enough to get hit by it. Sadly it does not have a lot of fuel for it to be able to stay in the air for too long, so players may not want to over extend when playing the aircraft. Aerfer Sagittario 2 is a prototype aircraft which was competing with other NATO designed aircraft during the cold war, with its aim to become the next standard NATO jet. Although the Fiat G.91 was the winner, Aerfer would go unto develop the Aerfer Ariete, which was based on the Sagittario but with an extra engine.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The Sagittario 2 has great manoeuvrability, at its battle rating and even above it, there won't be many aircraft that can match your speed, rate of climb, or first turn response time. Whilst playing the Sagittario 2, you are able to do amazing manoeuvres that the enemy team could only dream of doing. Due to this, an experienced player in this aircraft can become quite a dangerous opponent. The max altitude of the Sagittario 2 is 11,000 metres, thanks to its rate of climb, you should be able to reach a good altitude at the beginning of the match with minimal effort required. One other great thing is how easily you can pull Gs with it, use it to your advantage and you should rack up quite a few eliminations.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,005 || 978 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.0 || 25.6 || 36.6 || 34.7 || rowspan="2" | 1,000
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,085 || 1,050 || 23.5 || 24.0 || 54.5 || 45.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,125  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 498 || 469 || 320 || ~12 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 600 || < 550 || < 610 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Rolls-Royce Derwent 9 || 1
| colspan="2" | 2,405 kg || colspan="3" | 227 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 34m fuel
|-
| 580 kg || colspan="2" | Centrifugal-flow turbojet
| 2,686 kg || 2,946 kg || 3,216 kg || 3,341 kg || 5,641 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 34m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 1,536 kgf || N/A
| 0.57 || 0.52 || 0.48 || 0.46 || 0.27
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 1,536 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.57 || 0.52 || 0.48 || 0.46 || 0.27
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 40 mm bulletproof glass - Windscreen
* 6.5 mm steel - Behind pilot's seat

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Hispano HS 825 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 30 mm Hispano HS 825 cannons, nose-mounted (120 rpg = 240 total)

== Usage in battles ==


Using the Sagittario 2 is quite straightforward, it's an aircraft that nearly anyone can pick up and do fairly well in. This is mainly due to its amazing flight performance, which when compared with the majority of aircraft it'll face at the battle rating, make this vehicle quite fun to use. The best way to play the Sagittario 2 is to climb to an average altitude of around 3,500-4,000 metres at a 10° angle to make sure that you have some spare speed, and engage with any somewhat isolated enemy you can encounter. This is highly effective mainly due to the powerful 30 mm HS 825 cannons that the Sagittario has access to. This plane is really good dog-fighter so you are able to perform quite a lot of manoeuvres that many aircraft are not able to pull off. Make sure you consider that during engagements, especially because the aircraft can easily pull G's without too much punishment towards the player controlling it. However, you should be careful to not get caught in a furball or doing sustained turns as your plane bleeds a higher amount of speed during turns than your enemies, However if you have a pack of enemies behind you, and you're flying at a good speed (650 km/h or more), you can pull hard to evade all of them and try to fight back. Keep in mind, if you want to take advantage of its speed and manoeuvrability, you will have to keep the aircraft as light as possible, meaning bringing the minimal amount of fuel. This to some may seem like a disadvantage, but it's likely the most effective way to get eliminations with the vehicle as it allows the aircraft to remain fast and nimble. Do keep in mind that if you decide not to bring a lot of fuel, you won't be in the battle as long, so make sure to make every second count.

Another thing that people may claim is a disadvantage is the low ammo count; although this is somewhat true, doesn't mean the vehicle suffers. The HS 825 cannons are extremely deadly, they have a very high muzzle velocity, which paired up with the hard hitting 30 mm cannons, means that the majority of enemy aircraft you'll face will be destroyed after a small barrage of your main weapon. The Sagittario 2 can also work at low altitude as an AI ground pounder, the main cannons it has access to are just as effective at taking out ground AI targets as they are at taking down air targets. This can be very effective as you can easily take advantage of your speed at the beginning of the match to slip past undetected by enemy aircraft. You could also use this to surprise enemies by flanking them once they've flown past you, unaware that you're actually able to go behind them.

The Sagittario 2 does not have access to any countermeasures so keep that in mind if you choose to bring it in ground RB. Its cannons are enough to easily make make short work for the majority of lightly armoured ground vehicles, such as IFVs and SPAAs. Considering it doesn't have any payload options such as rockets or bombs, you'll have to entirely rely on your main cannons, and that also goes for air vehicles, as you don't have access to air-to-air missiles. It is not recommended to land on short runways, it should be avoided or risk crashing at the end. This also applies for Arcade battles. Overall in the Sagittario 2, try at all times to take advantage of your abilities, as its the best way to come on top in duels, and win the match.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Extremely agile, able to outturn most if not every aircraft it faces
* Good acceleration allowing you to easily achieve a high energy state
* Relatively small target
* 2 x hard hitting 30 mm cannons are excellent at taking down other aircraft
* The HS 825 cannons have a very high muzzle velocity (1,050 m/s) and are very accurate
* Your stock ammunition easily tears down every aircraft it faces
* Dog fighter's dream, second only to the Ariete premium version of this plane

'''Cons:'''

* Limited ammunition capacity, only 120 RPG
* No payload options
* The only available belt is 100% tracers, no armour-piercing ammo
* Bleeds speed in sustained turns
* Relatively slow speed compared to other jets it can face.
* In uptiers, the plane can face supersonics and other jets that outspeed it.
* Relatively high repair cost

== History ==


The story of the Sagittario 2 began roughly around the 1950's, during the cold war. The aircraft would be designed by Sergio Stefanutti, who was one of the most original and innovative Italian aeronautical designers. In fact in 1939 he produced the S.S.4 that was the first fighter in the world to fly with canard lifting surfaces and forward landing gear.

During the Second World War he was involved in the construction of the "Light fighter", fast and well-armed, which was able to compete with those in its class, equal in weight, dimensions and even greater in power, which couldn't be mass-produced because of the unfavorable conclusion of the conflict. His work as a designer also continued into the 1940s and 1950s, when, despite the destruction of the war, the Italian aviation industry was still showing its strength, proposing numerous new types of aircraft for both the internal and international market.

Eventually, he'd come up with The Aerfer "Sagittario II" (Sagittarius II), the light jet fighter with arrow wings. It was the first Italian supersonic jet fighter, designed and produced at the beginning of the 1950s by Sergio Stefanutti and was a logical development on the light fighters previously built for SAI Ambrosini. The Sagittario 2 was actually a development of previous Stefanutti designs, originally based of a pre-war piston-engine aircraft meant for racing.

Eventually, after a few shortcomings which included some issues with the jet engine, the Sagittario was born. There were a lot of advancements made during the development of the Sagittario, but sadly whilst conducting tests, it was quickly learned about certain defects of the aircraft, one of them being discovered after landing.

To keep it simple, when the aircraft utiliste its breaks to stop. The weight of the engine placed in the bow gave the aircraft a tendency to rotate with the nose low down, making impact with the ground and an ensuing somersault of the aircraft a possible and dangerous outcome.
[[File:Saggitario 2 (1) History.png|thumb|Sagittario 2 during tests on airfield]]
At the beginning of 1953, while the prototype of the "Sagittario", obtained by modifying the SAI S.7, was still being subjected to flying tests and was giving its first positive results, the "Sagittario II" was created on the drawing boards of SAI Ambrosini. The main difference between the Sagittario 2 and the previous Sagittario 1 would be the fact that the new aircraft would be built entirely with metal and propelled by a jet engine with a much greater thrust. The Sagittario 2's engine would be a Rolls-Royce Derwent 9, which allowed the Sagittario 2 to reach speeds of over 1000km an hour.

As mentioned previously it was the first Italian supersonic jet Italy would have produced. In September 1953, while the planning continued, the Aeronautica Militare Italiana (Italian Air force), which financed the work on the aircraft making use of the funds made available by the United States, under the aegis of the M.D.A.P. programs of mutual assistance to the NATO countries, decided that its construction, more complex than that of the previous Sagittario I, would be entrusted to the Neapolitan Company Aerfer. Aerfer had been previously known for in the aeronautical field by making some parts for the Republic F-84 G "Thunderjet" jet fighter-bombers. In addition, they offered maintenance for certain US made aircraft stationed in Europe.
[[File:Sagittario 2 (2) History.png|thumb|Sagittario 2 ]]
After a lot of discussion, eventually an agreement was would be made between the SAI Ambrosini and Aerfer for the transfer of the preliminary project and the rights to produce Stefanutti's new light fighter under licence, so that it would be given the new complete name Aerfer-Ambrosini S. "Sagittario II". The Italian air-force would order a total of 2 prototypes, and would make them undergo a series of intense tests. Part of the tests would focus on the armament, speaking of which, the Sagittario 2 was armed with a Hispano-Suiza 825 cannon.

It would hold up to 120 rounds per cannon, they fired bullets that were 113mm long and 30mm in diameter. The bullets had a total weight of 360 grams. The reason the cannons would actually be as powerful as they were was due to the ammunition being 40% larger than the bullets of the same caliber used by the other small Western cannons then in production. As an example, the French DEFA used a 275 gram bullet, and the British Aden used 220 gram bullet.

That paired up with its amazing muzzle velocity would guarantee a very hard-hitting weapon, which rest assured, would be able to completely destroy a lot of aircraft with just a short burst. Overall, the Sagittario 2 would be a very promising vehicle, it didn't get picked up by the Italian air force, but was was learnt from the Sagittario 2 would be later re-used on a later project by Aerfer, called the Aerfer Ariete, a modified Sagittario 2 with a more powerful engine.

=== [[wt:en/news/7191-development-aerfer-sagittario-2-the-legacy-continues-en|Devblog]] ===
In the early 1950's, Italian aircraft designers began work on developing a jet aircraft on the basis of a successful pre-war piston-engine race plane, initially with the goal of constructing a pure technology demonstrator. This aircraft - named Sagittario - took to the skies in January 1953, displaying promising performance.

Convinced of the aircraft's potential, the aircraft designers continued work and developed the design further into the Sagittario 2. The new aircraft featured an improved design, a significantly more powerful jet engine and comparably heavy armament for an aircraft of its time. Two prototypes of the Sagittario 2 were built and test flown in 1956.

However, despite its state-of-the-art design and excellent performance, the Sagittario 2 faced many problems during development as its manufacturer - Aerfer - struggled to allocate enough resources into its development. As a result, the aircraft had a drawn out development period which meant that newer aircraft were entering service while the Sagittario 2 was still being tested. Because of this, the Sagittario 2 would fail to enter production as the procurement of the more promising Fiat G.91 was right around the corner.

While not getting past prototype stage, the Sagittario 2 would serve as a basis for the subsequent development of another jet fighter prototype.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=sagittario_2 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|2AF4ZDe6M2g|'''The Shooting Range #299''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 03:43 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|LWjiIdzTi_w|'''The Shooting Range #294''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:29 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7191-development-aerfer-sagittario-2-the-legacy-continues-en|[Devblog] Aerfer Sagittario 2: The Legacy Continues]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/526650-sagittario-ii/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Aerfer}}
{{Italy jet aircraft}}

Spitfire LF Mk IXc (USA)

2023-08-14T04:39:43Z

U36185613: Pros - added last dot point

{{About
| about = American fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Spitfire (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=spitfire_ix_usa
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_spitfire_ix_usa.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} American fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,878 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 632 || 611 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 16.4 || 17.0 || 22.2 || 22.2 || rowspan="2" | 320
|-
! Upgraded
| 735 || 690 || 14.8 || 14.8 || 43.3 || 31.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || 230 || ~10 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 321 || < 400 || < 350 || > 470
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 38 mm Bulletproof glass in front of the pilot
* 3 mm Steel plate on top of fuel tanks
* 4 mm Steel plate on pilot's seat. Behind pilot is another 6-7 mm steel plate
* 3 mm Steel plates around ammunition

* Critical components located at the front of aircraft (fuel, pilot, engine, controls)
* Additional fuel tanks are located in the wings near the fuselage

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Hispano Mk.II (20 mm)|Browning (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm Hispano Mk.II cannons, wing-mounted (120 rpg = 240 total)
* 4 x 7.7 mm Browning machine guns, wing-mounted (350 rpg = 1,400 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AN-M57 (250 lb)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 1 x 250 lb AN-M57 bomb (250 lb total)

== Usage in battles ==

All Spitfire versions served primarily as fighter aircraft. Due to its high manoeuvrability, the Spitfire LF Mk IXc excels in dogfighting, matched only by a few opponents (mainly Japanese). Due to its vulnerabilities, namely its low ammunition load and somewhat flimsy airframe, it is not recommended to attack bombers with heavy defensive armament. Its climb rate is one of the Spitfire's greatest advantages, being able to outclimb many rivals at its rank. Despite this, it is not recommended to try to catch up with zoom-climbing enemy fighters, because the Spitfire will most likely run out of speed before you manage to engage the opponent. Therefore, go into a shallow but high-speed climb to patiently gain the same altitude as the foe. Do not waste too much speed or altitude to the Boom & Zoom bounce from above, or else it will not work. In emergency situations, when an opponent is diving onto you, your speed is insufficient to face them and, when there are no clouds to hide in, you can descend to the tree-top level and use sharp turns and preferably uneven terrain to make dive attacks impossible for your opponent. He will most likely have to pull up before he can attack, due to his high speed. Exactly at that moment when he is pulling up, you can take initiative.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Combined || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent rate of climb which will rival later Griffon Spitfires and most late war props
* Excellent acceleration from a standing start due to the boost configuration
* Good manoeuvrability, albeit lower than other Spitfires (I-V Marks)
* Extremely strong for its BR, similar or better flight performance to that of 6.7 super props

'''Cons:'''

* Features the British 7.7 mm 303 Browning machine guns
* Tendency to break its wings during high-speed manoeuvres
* Very low ammunition count, must be very conservative
* Poor engine performance at high altitudes
* Expensive to purchase

== History ==


{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}|expand=true}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
Supermarine Spitfire Mk.IX (Type 361) single-engine interceptor fighter/front-line fighter

A single-seat, single-engine, all-metal, low-wing cantilever monoplane fighter.

Not only the British but also quite a few pilots from other countries fought on Supermarine Spitfire fighters. The Americans used Spitfires, as well..

The beginning of the Spitfire was marked by volunteers who had joined the ranks of the British RAF before the USA joined the war. In 1941, there were three full-fledged American fighter squadrons in Britain, named the Eagles. The Americans originally flew Hurricanes, but in August 1941 they started their retraining on Spitfires. Until the autumn of 1942, the Eagles were common British squadrons with the corresponding staff, uniforms, and markings. On September 29, 1942, thanks to an intergovernmental agreement, the Eagles were transferred to the command of the Eighth Air Force of the USAAF, located in Great Britain. Three squadrons were combined to form the 4th Fighter Wing, and the tricolour British cockades on the planes were replaced with American ones.

Beginning in 1942, a number of the USAAF's fighter units which had arrived at the West European theatre of war without planes received British fighters as part of the so-called "Reverse Lend-Lease". These squadrons were originally based in Great Britain. Later, they were also based in North Africa. A total of about 1,000 Spitfires of various versions were handed over to the USAAF by the RAF.

For example, the 52nd Fighter Wing was redeployed in July 1942 from the USA over the ocean to Northern Ireland. It was there that American fighter pilots had to master the Spitfire. The Americans flew Spitfires when they joined the North African Campaign in November 1942. American pilots fought in Spitfires in the North African theatre of war until the German troops were defeated in May 1943.

The Americans used Spitfires (Mk.VIII and Mk.IX variants) in the skies over Italy as part of the Twelfth Air Force. By March 1944, the majority of the British planes had been replaced with Mustangs, but there were still some planes with those white stars on their fuselages all the way up until the Capitulation of Germany.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=spitfire_ix_usa Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|AtuFtliw3Bo|'''Premium Review: US Spitfire LF. Mk. IXc [Beauty&Beast]''' - ''Jengar''}}

== See also ==


;Other late Merlin-engine LF variant Spitfires

* [[Spitfire LF Mk IX]]
* [[Plagis' Spitfire LF Mk IXc]]
* [[Spitfire LF Mk.IX Weizman's (Israel)]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/341985-supermarine-spitfire-lfmkixce/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Supermarine}}
{{USA fighters}}
{{USA premium aircraft}}