War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

F-89D

2021-07-30T22:33:29Z

U34451655: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = American jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other version
| link = F-89B
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=f-89d
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} American jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]].

The {{PAGENAME}} Scorpion was designed and built to be an all-weather interceptor intended to neutralize any potential invading Soviet bomber force. The USAAF was intent of replacing the P-61 Black Widow with another night fighter, one specifically which would fly faster (minimum 530 mph/850 kph) almost assuredly requiring the usage of jets, six sixty-calibre machine guns or 20 mm autocannons and armed with internally stored aerial rockets. To round out the aircraft for ground attack if needed, it would also need to accommodate 1,000 lb bombs and eight larger rocket types externally. Initial wind tunnel testing of the fighter determined that the proposed swept-wings were insufficient at slow speeds and were changed out with straight wings. Though causing a loss of high-end performance, increased stability at low speeds was necessary.

Other changes to the horizontal stabilizer also increased the effectiveness of the elevators and rudder. Concerns about the fuel tanks situated right over the engines were nullified when it was determined that efforts made by Northrop to protect them were considered sufficient, anything else would have required a complete redesign of the aircraft.

Other key features of the Scorpion was the usage of decelerons or clamshell-style split ailerons which work as a standard aileron, however, can open up as a dive brake or be utilized as a takeoff/landing flap. Last-minute changes by the Air Force required upgrading the engines and outfitting an afterburner, adding a radar system, fire control system, permanent wingtip fuel tanks, reconfigured nose guns and easy access to lower the entire engine to make for easier maintenance.

Having determined that the six autocannons originally specced with the F-89A and B models would be less effective against bomber formations as it requires relative precision to damage or destroy the enemy bombers. On the other hand, a new requirement for the F-89 to house 104 Folding-Fin Mighty Mouse Aerial Rockets and underwing HVAR rockets would allow the F-89 (now designated as the {{PAGENAME}}) the ability to launch salvos of rockets and quickly targeting another bomber to launch more and allow for the potential of one or more rockets in the salvo to accomplish the required amount of damage necessary to destroy them or cause them to turn around and retreat. Though unguided and not terribly accurate, a salvo of rockets typically allowed for one or two rockets to explode near enough to be a successful hit.

To aid in the aerodynamics of the rocket launchers, they were outfitted around the wing-tip fuel tanks. Engineered so that the launching rockets would not damage the fuel tanks, the underwing still allowed for the mounting of the larger HVAR rockets to be used against bombers, but also along with the FFAR rockets be used against ground targets. The {{PAGENAME}} though best used with higher speeds, can be used as a dive-bomber of sorts, when going against ground targets, the fighter should throttle back, extend dive brakes, line up the shot and fire the rockets. Immediately when finished firing, retract the brakes and full-throttle the engines to gain speed and distance from any enemy fighters which may have targeted you.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The F-89D just like its previous [[F-89B|variant]] has an amazing performance. Its level speed is outstanding but depends a lot on the altitude: near the ground it is being limited by the plane's structural limit which is 920 km/h IAS (a warning shows up at 870 km/h IAS) and it is very easy to get to that speed. The plane will keep accelerating even after exceeding it because of its powerful afterburner and that can end up in breaking wings if the player is not careful. Maximum level speed can be achieved at around 3000 m altitude where it reaches 1022 km/h and that makes it one of the fastest planes at its Battle Rating.

The Climb rate of the Scorpion depends a lot on its loadout: it is very mediocre when the plane is fully loaded with fuel and rockets, but gets way better when it is flying with 30 minutes of fuel or less. The main armament (rockets) and its high count (104) affects the performance too. Once you have only a few rockets left and the fuel amount is below 10 minutes the plane can even dogfight planes like the MiG-9.
The other aspect of this plane affected by its overall weight is acceleration and just like with the climb rate, the less of them you have, the faster it will accelerate. While at high speed its acceleration is very good, once the speed gets lower than 500 km/h it becomes mediocre at best. Sometimes it is a viable tactic to launch half the amount of your rockets to get away from other planes and when the maximum level speed is reached then start climbing to 3000 m where its performance is the best.

The F-89D's manoeuvrability varies a lot with its weight: when it is heavy its roll rate and turn rate very poor, almost every jet fight at a similar BR should be able to win any fight where sustained turning performance is needed, but once the plane gets lighter it can turn with some of worse turning jets like the MiG-9 although it still loses to the MiG-15 or any similar plane. At low speed its energy retention is quite poor, especially when the player will start performing tight turns and at high speed the player should be wary of the high G turns as the Scorpion's G overload limit is only +8.5 G and -3.5 G when fully loaded.
Overall the performance is very good when the player is managing its loadout and speed properly and make the F-89D excellent at causing a lot of damage to the enemy team together with the armament of 104 proximity fuse rockets.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,200 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,009 || 1,002 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 33.3 || 34.8 || 31.1 || 26.7 || rowspan="2" | 1,036
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,034 || 1,022 || 32.7 || 33.0 || 47.5 || 38.9
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 554 || 448 || 379 || ~8 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 760 || < 800 || < 700 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Allison J35-A-35 || 2
| colspan="3" | 12,509 kg || colspan="3" | 318 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 21m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 60m fuel || 70m fuel
|-
| 1,300 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
| 14,158 kg || 14,850 kg || 16,002 kg || 17,162 kg || 17,923 kg || 20,301 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 21m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 60m fuel || 70m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 2,303 kgf || 3,051 kgf
| 0.43 || 0.41 || 0.38 || 0.36 || 0.34 || 0.30
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 2,350 kgf (100 km/h) || 3,237 kgf (800 km/h)
| 0.46 || 0.44 || 0.40 || 0.38 || 0.36 || 0.32
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The {{PAGENAME}} is quite a sturdy machine and won't crash from regular hits, both of the pilots in the cockpit have control over the plane, so if one is knocked out, you can still fly him safe home. Not only are there two pilots in this machine, but also two engines, which if one of them is shot out, the other can still thrust you back to safety for repairs.

Losing a wing tip isn't a problem as you can still fly with it, with minor compensation for aerodynamics. The thing that will mostly bring you down if you get caught in a firefight will be loss of control surfaces. So as long as you still are able to control your plane, you're good to go.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|FFAR Mighty Mouse|HVAR}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 104 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 104 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets + 16 x HVAR rockets
* 104 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets M439

The {{PAGENAME}} is unique in its weapons loadout and stands out in a class of its own with the F-86D Sabre Dog in that the only weapons found on the fighter/interceptor are unguided aerial rockets (both FFAR and HVAR). It is not the intention of this aircraft to dogfight other fighters, instead its purpose is to was to eliminate Soviet bombers. The {{PAGENAME}} when given the clearance, would zoom-climb to bomber altitude with its afterburners engaged and then would utilise its Folding-Fin Aerial Rockets (Mighty Mouse) by shooting salvos (with 104 total rockets on board, a few could be fired off or a large amount) at inbound bomber aircraft. The rockets would spread out similar to how a shotgun works and the result should be enough rockets make contact or explode near the bombers to take them out. While these unguided rockets may not be accurate, with the amount on-board, many can be fired to increase the interceptor's chances of hitting. The HVAR rockets are larger and only a few are mounted under the wings. These rockets should be reserved for the larger and slower bombers, notwithstanding there are less to work with which decreases the chances to hit compared to the FFARs.

While the {{PAGENAME}} was built and configured for aerial interception and destruction of aircraft, the rockets, both FFAR and HVAR can be utilised on ground targets too. The {{PAGENAME}} is outfitted with decelerons which double as speed brakes which open up in a clam-shell style. The Scorpion can dive on ground targets, engage the dive brakes, line up the target and then unleash either the FFAR or HVAR rockets depending on the target types. With the 104 FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets, enemy vehicles which are clustered together are an excellent target to unleash salvos of rockets at. Another opportunity is during domination maps, the rockets come in very handy for taking out aircraft which are attempting to cap the airfield as the rocket spread does not need to be super accurate to still achieve a critical hit or destruction of the aircraft capping the airfield.

== Usage in battles ==

There are two ways to play the {{PAGENAME}}, either as a ground pounder or as fighter with irregular ammunition, being proximity fuse FFARs.

==== Ground attacker ====
When taking the {{PAGENAME}} as a ground pounder, the preferable loadout would be taking all the rockets possible, 104 FFARs + 16 HVARs. Pay close attention as the HVARs fire first before making use of the HVAR's. Exploit the fact that the {{PAGENAME}} is among the fastest accelerating for its battle rating and when arriving near targets will be quite relaxing as your enemies will still be on their way towards you.

Be warned that the FFAR pods are quite far away from each other and targeting isn't as easy as using the HVARs, firing in salvo is advised, and having 104 rockets will be plenty enough before you have to re-arm. Hit as much as you can and run away as soon as enemies are coming for your cannonless machine.

==== Fighter ====
The best way to achieve kills in the {{PAGENAME}} is by taking the proximity-fuse FFARs and playing it by boom and zooming, making great use of the high acceleration and fast climb rate. The rockets are quite inaccurate because of the fact they're spread out so much, so shooting in salvo's is strongly advised. Although extremely deadly in a head-on, rockets are however heavily to moderately affected by RNG, giving mixed results: sometimes they can annihilate and other times you can get hit after hit.

==== SB EC ====

The F-89D is very effective when used as a fighter: thanks to its proximity fuse rockets and radar, it is able to engage and destroy the enemy planes from between 1000 m and 2000 m away.
The amount of proximity fuse rockets allows it to score lots of kills in one sortie, especially when the player gets used to their trajectory and will need only a few rockets to destroy a single plane. Its radar can help a lot with measuring the range and getting a good lead, but everything still should be engaged only from two positions, from the front or behind. Any high deflection shooting should be avoided, unless when the enemy plane notices you and when that happens, it is recommended to get a radar lock and then use it to get a firing solution (radar lock box is visible even through the instrument panel in the cockpit).

Any dogfighting should be avoided, it will only make the plane slower and vulnerable to faster enemies: the plane is very easy to hit because of its size and it will not be possible to win that fight anyway because of poor manoeuvrability. It is best to attack them from behind from ~1500 m away and when the attack failed then fly away in a straight line or start climbing at high speed, the only exception from that is only when the player has the low fuel amount and 10-20 rockets left, in that situation it can outturn the MiG-9 and anything else with the similar turn rate. In case when you notice an enemy fighter getting close to you from the rear it is the best to enter a very shallow dive, steep diving is not recommended because of low structural speed at lower altitude and the fact that most of the enemy fighters that the player will meet in SB EC 5 have much higher speed limit, for some of them it is even 1000 km/h IAS, while for the F-89D it is only 920 km/h. After the reaching maximum level speed the player should start climbing, then when the distance between two planes open up the best option is to start climbing vertically and then fell on the enemy plane.

The most dangerous enemies in SB EC 5 are the Meteor F.4, Yak-23, MiG-9/L, Ho 229 and all Japanese jet fighters (mainly the R2Y2). The Meteor outperforms in it all aspects except for the level speed above 3000m alt, the MiG-9 is superior only in the sustained turn rate when the F-89D is fully loaded. The Ho 229 can be easily outclimbed, but the player should keep in mind that it has very good energy retention and underestimating it is a bad idea and both Japanese jet types are just very good planes.

When using it against bombers the player should be very cautious of the enemy gunners, in SB EC 5 some planes can take out attacking planes from even 2000 m away, so it is the best to launch a few rockets at them as soon as you get a radar lock and getting closer than 1000 m should be avoided. Since most of them are going to always fly in a straight line it is recommended to take a proper position before attacking them and do not go for a high deflection attack where you can miss and waste a lot of rockets, the most effective tactic is to stay out of their gunners range and fly 3000 - 4000 m behind them, turn around, then start launching missiles at them from the same altitude, it will make the aiming easier and they will not be able to damage your plane from that distance. It is possible to take out the entire formation of AI bombers in only one attack from behind in less than 30 seconds.

Generally the best tactics in EC is to fly at 1000 - 3000 m altitude while maintaing a speed of at least 750 km/h, the afterburner shouldn't be used all the time because of fuel consumption and loading more fuel before the takeoff (45 minutes and more) decreases its climb rate and acceleration by a lot.

===Radars===

The F-89D is equipped with an AN/APG-33 tracking radar, located in the nose of the aircraft.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | AN/APG-33 - Target tracking radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
|-
| 2,000 m || 150 m || ±5° || ±5°
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fearsome rocket armament, both Mighty Mouse and HVARs
* Decent high-speed manoeuvrability
* Dual-engine, can fly with one (though, head back to base!)
* Targeting radar equipped
* Bomber interceptor or ground attacker role capable
* Armament will be able to easily destroy enemy planes in a head-on
* Use of decelerons as ailerons, dive brakes (clamshell-type) or flaps

'''Cons:'''

* No autocannon armament
* Rockets are inaccurate, odds increased when launched in salvos
* Not very manoeuvrable at low speeds
* Large target wing-surface
* Heavy wing-tips, losing one throws the aircraft off balance
* Not as nimble as single-engine MiGs
* Due to its reputation as a 'cancerous' plane, many players will target you first

== History ==

[[File:F-89D_fulzy_nyan.jpg|450px|thumb|right|'''{{PAGENAME}}''' at cruising altitude.]]
Almost immediately after WWII, the Nothrop Corporation began developing an experimental jet fighter-interceptor to meet the new requirements for that class of aircraft. The American interceptor's primary targets were supposed to be Soviet bombers, so the projected model's flight characteristics and armament had to meet this objective. At first the two-seater twin-engine jet was developed to have a rather interesting four gun turret. This turret was to be mounted on the aircraft's nose and could fire on targets either automatically or manually along a vertical plane either forward, up, down or, in some cases, backward. However, when the experimental model of the aircraft was ready, the turret still hadn't undergone testing yet, so the military decided to install traditional static frontal guns on it, as well as HVARs on the wing pylons. It was with this loadout that the Scorpion F-89A and F-89B went into service. The armament was switched exclusively to rockets somewhat later. To make the change to rockets, the designers implemented an interesting solution: Mighty Mouse unguided rockets were installed on the front of the wing-mounted fuel tanks in such a way that the rocket and fuel sections of this part of the design were separated by a fireproof barrier. This also made it possible to install heavier, more destructive HVARs under the wing. The F-89D or "rocket" version of the Scorpion went on to become the most widespread version of the aircraft in the US air force – 682 of them were manufactured.

''- From [[wt:en/news/6371-development-f-89b-and-f-89d-scorpion-jet-bros-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=usa&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=fighter&vehicle=f-89d Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed">
File:F_89d_wallpaper001.jpg
File:F_89d_wallpaper002.jpg
File:F_89d_wallpaper003.jpg
File:F_89d_wallpaper004.jpg
File:F_89d_wallpaper005.jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|Z0Nl-ElBi0A|'''Proximity anti-air rockets - R.I.P. everything''' - ''PhlyDaily''}}

== See also ==


* [[F-89B]] - Cannon-armed variant of the jet.

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6371-development-f-89b-and-f-89d-scorpion-jet-bros-en|[Development] F-89B and F-89D Scorpion: Jet Bros]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/463055-f-89d-scorpion/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Northrop}}
{{USA jet aircraft}}
{{USA premium aircraft}}

IL-28

2020-05-20T00:55:58Z

U34451655: /* Pros and cons */ wings break if you let it accelerate for too long (too long is very short in this plane)

{{Specs-Card|code=il_28}}
{{About
| about = Soviet jet bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the version with extra suspended armaments
| link = IL-28Sh
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet jet bomber {{Battle-rating}}. This bomber was introduced in [[Update 1.43]].

Being a jet bomber, the Soviet post-war IL-28 occupies the traditional role of "fast bomber" previously endowed to aircraft like the [[Pe-2-359|Pe-2-359 Peshka]]. Thus, its major advantage is being able to quickly swoop down to the target area and dispense its payload without being caught by enemy aircraft. The IL-28 relies on speed, acceleration, bomb capacity, and defensive capabilities to survive. Unlike some of the aircraft the IL-28 may face, it is able to quickly accelerate, leaving would-be attackers in the dust. This single facet of the aircraft's performance is often a gamechanger, as it allows the IL-28 to quickly disengage from any dogfight or bombing run. This aircraft features a wide range of payload options including up to 3000 kg of bombs stored in the aircraft's internal bomb bay. To the naked eye, this rather minuscule payload may seem insignificant. However, by utilizing this aircraft's strengths pilots may find themselves able to single-handedly win the match by destroying all of the enemy's ground targets and running down their ticket count. This tactic of attrition is more than plausible, especially on realistic battles maps like Korea, where ground targets are often fairly centrally located and thus easy to destroy.

Unlike its American and British counterparts, the IL-28 features a heavy-hitting defensive armament of two 23 mm NR-23 cannons mounted in the tail barbette. This turret setup is unique in that it features an extremely high degree of manoeuvrability, able to almost fire straight up and down. This single aspect of the IL-28 is what truly makes it a legendary aircraft, especially among the War Thunder community. Often described as being able to fire "23 mm lasers", the IL-28's tail cannons are capable of equipping belts composed entirely of destructive fragmentation incendiary tracer ammunition. The NR-23 cannons also fire unusually quickly, which makes the aircraft's one-second burst mass very high. This makes the aircraft more than capable of defending itself, an invaluable asset in Rank V battles. There are also several 105 mm armoured glass plates surrounding the tail gunner which makes him very hard to knock out. The IL-28 also wields two of these weapons in forward-facing positions under the nose, which allows the aircraft to destroy softer targets like AAA and artillery.

While the 23 mm cannons are extremely potent when they strike both ground and air units, the fact that they fire so quickly makes it very possible to run out of ammunition even when firing in short bursts. Thus, a good aim is essential for success when using these weapons. The same issue applies to the IL-28's tail guns, which utilize the same cannons but with a larger ammunition pool. Having the crew "reload speed" upgrade maxed out allows the aircraft's tail guns to reload much faster which can be invaluable during an engagement. The tail gun can also be used to finish off softer ground targets after a failed frontal attack.

The IL-28 starts off with twelve 100 kg bombs which in some cases are not enough to make a true impact on the match's result. Therefore, attaining the "KD-3" and "BD-4" bomb upgrades is essential. Having these allows the IL-28 to destroy heavier ground targets such as heavy and medium tanks, pillboxes, and various heavy naval units like destroyers.

== General info ==
=== Flight Performance ===


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 860 || 834 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 49.4|| 50.3 || 16.4 || 15.5 || rowspan="2" | 1,480
|-
! Upgraded
| 947 || 933 || 46.7 || 48.0 || 24.0 || 20.0
|-
|}

====Details====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 600 || 600 || 400 || ~7 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 600 || < 600 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel, no boosters)
|-
| colspan="2" | Klimov VK-1 || 2
| colspan="3" | 13,170 kg || colspan="3" | 326 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load, no boosters) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 23m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 60m fuel || 77m fuel
|-
| 892 kg || colspan="2" | Centrifugal-flow turbojet
| 15,172 kg || 15,772 kg || 17,058 kg || 18,344 kg || 19,801 kg || 23,200 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%, no boosters)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 23m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 60m fuel || 77m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 2,678 kgf || N/A
| 0.35 || 0.34 || 0.31 || 0.29 || 0.27 || 0.23
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 2,678 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.35 || 0.34 || 0.31 || 0.29 || 0.27 || 0.23
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | Booster (Solid fuel rocket)
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! rowspan="2" | Number || rowspan="2" | Booster weight (each) || rowspan="2" | Fuel weight (each) || rowspan="2" | Burn Time || rowspan="2" | Can be shutdown|| rowspan="2" | Jettisoned after use
! colspan="5" | Mass with full booster fuel (no weapons load)
|-
! 23m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 60m fuel || 77m fuel
|-
| 2 || 50 kg || 190 kg || 13s || No || Yes
| 15,652 kg || 16,202 kg || 17,538 kg || 18,824 kg || 20,281 kg
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | Condition
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Maximum booster thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each booster, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Combined engine & booster thrust @ 0 m|The total thrust produced by all engines and boosters. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100% with booster)
|-
! 23m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 60m fuel || 77m fuel
|-
| colspan="2" | ''Stationary'' || colspan="2" | 1,682 kgf || colspan="2" | 8,720 kgf
| 0.56 || 0.54 || 0.50 || 0.46 || 0.43
|-
| colspan="2" | ''Optimal'' || colspan="2" | 1,682 kgf (any speed) || colspan="2" | 8,720 kgf (0kph)
| 0.56 || 0.54 || 0.50 || 0.46 || 0.43
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===


* 10 mm Steel plate under the nose.
* 10 mm Steel plates in the front seat.
* 10 mm Steel plates in the pilot's seat.
* 105 mm Bulletproof glass in front of tail gunner.
* 10 mm Steel plates in front of tail gunner.
* 30 mm Steel plate under tail gunner.

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|NR-23 (23 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 23 mm NR-23 cannons, nose-mounted (100 rpg = 200 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|:Category:Suspended armaments|l1=Suspended armaments}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordinance:

* 12 x 100 kg FAB-100 bombs (1,200 kg total)
* 8 x 250 kg FAB-250M43 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 4 x 500 kg FAB-500 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 1 x 1,500 kg FAB-1500M-46 bomb (1,500 kg total)
* 1 x 3,000 kg FAB-3000M-46 bomb (3,000 kg total)

=== Defensive armament ===

{{main|NR-23 (23 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 23 mm NR-23 cannons, tail turret (225 rpg = 450 total)

== Usage in battles ==

Due to its impressive low-altitude manoeuvring capabilities (for a medium bomber), the IL-28 can be utilized in a variety of roles. In all game modes, if a teammate is struggling to evade an assailant, the IL-28 may be able to provide the supporting fire with its dual 23 mm cannons. The aircraft is hampered in this role partly because of its mediocre roll rate and low ammunition count for its forward-firing cannons. If its bomb load is expended, the IL-28 is also a very capable "gunship", or a bomber aircraft whose role is to attract, distract, and destroy enemy aircraft. Other aircraft that can perform this role include the [[G8N1|G8N1 Renzan]], [[IL-10 (1946)]], [[B-29A-BN|B-29 Superfortress]], and [[B-24D-25-CO|B-24D Liberator]], among others.

===Modules===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="1" | Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! colspan="1" | Survivability
! colspan="2" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage Repair
| Compressor
|
| Offensive 23 mm
|
|-
| II
|
|
| Airframe
| New 23 mm Cannons
| KD-3
|-
| III
| Wings Repair
| Engine
|
| Turret 23 mm
|
|-
| IV
|
|
| Cover
| New 23 mm Cannons (turret)
| BD-4
|-
|}

The most valuable modules of this aircraft are among the most difficult to attain; the ''KD-3'' bomb upgrade is fairly mandatory for destroying any type of heavy ground target successfully, and having the ''Turret 23 mm '' and ''New 23 mm cannons (turret)'' upgrades increase the effectiveness of the aircraft's tail guns. However, being able to outrun an enemy before even engaging is often extremely useful as well.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful rear 23 mm cannon turret
* Very fast - many early jet fighters cannot catch it at top speed
* Powerful and flexible ordnance capacity
* Highly armoured tail gunner position
* Gunner can cover a large area of the rear and the sides because of the turret design
* Good acceleration

'''Cons:'''

* Fuel tanks are not protected by any armour
* Fairly small payload compared to its counterparts
* Able to be intercepted by Korean War jet aircraft
* Poor roll rate; any wing damage will often result in a roll that is impossible to pull out of
* Cockpit features no rear visibility
* Fast acceleration means that you might break the wings if you don't pay attention

== History ==

The IL-28 was created to meet a requirement for a bomber to carry a 3,000-kilogram payload at 800 kph (500 mph). Although there were several previous attempts to create such an aircraft the IL-28 was the first successful design. It incorporated the new Rolls-Royce Nene engines, produced as the unlicensed "RD-45". After the completion of testing in 1949, the aircraft was ordered into production on 14 May 1949, with the new Klimov VK-1, an improved version of the previous RD-45. The IL-28 was widely exported and was utilized by almost all of the Warsaw Pact nations along with various Middle Eastern and African nations. It was license-built in China as the Harbin H-5 and in Czechoslovakia as the Avia B-228. It is known to still be in service today in the Korean People's Air Force (KPAF). Although few in number, they provide North Korea with a means of strategically bombing targets.

=== In-game description ===

"An all-metal cantilever monoplane with a crew of three. Created at OKB S.V. Ilyushina.

S.V. Ilyushin put forward his preliminary design for the Il-28 on 12 January 1948. By 8 July 1948, the test pilot V.K. Kokkinaki took the Il-28 out for its maiden flight. It was equipped with two turbojet Rolls-Royce Nene engines. On 30 December 1948, the Il-28 underwent in-plant tests with the Russian series-produced RD-45F engine – a licensed version of the English engine.

But the decision on the aircraft's fate was delayed until 14 May 1949, when the Council of Ministers decided to increase the Il-28's speed to 900 km/h by installing more powerful VK-1 engines with a maximum thrust of 2,700 kgf. In only three months, on 8 August 1949, the Il-28 took its maiden flight with the VK-1 engines.

The turbojet VK-1 engines were located under the wing in streamlined engine nacelles.

The Il-28's armament included two turrets – one to the fore and one to the rear. Two frontal 23 mm Nudelman-Rikhter NR-23 cannons with 100 shells each were mounted in a fixed position in side compartments in the front fuselage. The pilot acted as gunner for the frontal cannons.

The movable Il-K6 tail turret also contained two 23 mm Nudelman-Rikhter NR-23 cannons, these with 225 shells each.

The aircraft could carry bombs of various calibers internally, up to and including the FAB-3000. Its bomb compartment could contain 12 FAB-100 bombs or eight FAB-250s, or between two and four FAB-500s, or a single FAB-1500 or FAB-3000.

The Il-28 became the most mass-produced jet-powered bomber. The aircraft was easy to manufacture and reliable in use. It was in series production between the years of 1950 and 1956. The Il-28 reached peak production during the Korean War: in 1953, six plants were building them at once. In total, 4,405 Il-28 bombers were produced. In the 50s, the Il-28 was the main front-line bomber in the Soviet Air Forces.

The Il-28 was widely distributed beyond the borders of the USSR. It served in the air forces or air-defense forces of: Algeria, Afghanistan, Bulgaria, Hungary, Vietnam, East Germany, Egypt, Indonesia, Iraq, Yemen, China, North Korea, Morocco, Nigeria, Poland, Romania, Syria, Somalia, Finland and Czechoslovakia. The People's Republic of China and Czechoslovakia produced them under license (with the designation B-228)."

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article will be video guides, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [http://warthunder.com/en/news/4825-profile-ilyushin-il-28-en [Vehicle Profile<nowiki>]</nowiki> Ilyushin IL-28]

{{AirManufacturer Ilyushin}}
{{USSR jet aircrafts}}

MiG-9 (l)

2020-05-20T00:53:10Z

U34451655: /* Pros and cons */ it is a bit better than the 9E at this stuff

{{Specs-Card|code=mig-9_ussr}}
{{About
| about = Russian jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the early version
| link = MiG-9 (Family)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_MiG-9_L.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Russian jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

Much like many of the early jet fighters, they looked different, much different than their propeller-driven cousins. Now with jet engines driving the aircraft and the ability for them to go faster than before, aerodynamics needed to be reworked to accommodate leaving many of the first fighters ungainly looking. Not being left out of the mix, one of the USSR’s first jet fighters to roll out into production was the straight-wing, tricycle landing gear, short engine MiG-9.

Early on, Mikoyan-Gurevich’s prototype the I-300 was tested with captured German BMW jet engines. The I-300 was envisioned to be a bomber interceptor and thus was built around the idea to get the fighter to bomber altitudes as fast as possible and then unload on the enemy bombers. Armed with a 37 mm cannon and two 23 mm cannons this fighter was meant to reach 5,000 m within four minutes. The engines were mounted on the underside of the aircraft in hopes that the hot exhaust could be vented away and not damage the aircraft. This new all-metal aircraft with slotted flaps and Frise-type ailerons was ready for testing in 1946.

Early tests showed that the fighter flew well and responded to the pilot’s input without fighting back. Heat shields from the engine exhaust continued to be a problem but were quickly rectified after the redesigning of the tail section. In early 1947 the I-300 was renamed the MiG-9 and began to start rolling off the production floor.

The MiG-9 is a stout little fighter and is flown best as a Boom & Zoom fighter or a bomber hunter. While a stable fighter, the MiG-9 lacks manoeuvrability to compete in turn fights as it tends to haemorrhage energy when making turns. Instead, it is best to get this fighter up to altitude to either focus on bringing down bombers with its three large cannons or to set up for diving attacks on the enemy below. It is critical to maintain speed in this fighter as, without it, it becomes an easy target for other enemy fighters. After completing a diving run, whether it was successful or not, this fighter should have its nose lifted and zoom back up to its place in higher altitudes to set up for another run. Staying low and slow only puts this fighter in a vulnerable position and if being used for ground or naval attach, should only be done if no enemy fighters are in the area.
When attacking a MiG-9, aim your ordnance for the middle of the aircraft, there, in a tight compact area, you will find the pilot, huge fuel tanks and the engines. While the fuel tanks may be self-sealing, the engine and pilot are not and critical damage in this area of the aircraft will most likely bring it down.

== General info ==
=== Flight Performance ===

When looking at this fighter, a pilot may complain at the lack of ordnance options available, being only limited to a single 37 mm and two 23 mm cannons with what seems to be only a handful of ammunition rounds between them. Without the addition of suspended ordnance, the flight model will not change due to added weight of bombs, missiles, rockets or gun pods, since none are available and the aircraft wasn’t designed to use them.

As such, this fighter was built almost like a rocket, needing to get to bomber altitude as fast as possible and intercept inbound bombers. The limited ammunition prevents the pilot from just ‘’spraying-and-praying’’, but instead requires trigger control to maximize rounds on target. This is especially important in realistic and simulator battles where after the ammunition is expended, the pilot must return to base to reload.

The MiG-9 has enough speed to get to 5,000 m within about 4 minutes, however once there, it is best to either target bombers and go higher if needed (13,500 m is maximum altitude for the fighter) or to then turn the MiG-9 into a diving fighter and going for quick hits before zooming back up. Immlemans and Split-S manoeuvres are recommended to change directions as this fighter is a very slow turner, taking about 30 seconds to make a complete circle. It is important to keep the speed up on this fighter due to when it becomes slow, it then becomes an easy target for enemy aircraft.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 1,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 916 || 890 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 27.2 || 27.9 || 22.8 || 21.5 || rowspan="2" | 800
|-
! Upgraded
| ??? || ??? || ??.? || ??.? || ??.? || ??.?
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 480 || 300 || ~11 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 550 || < 600 || < 720 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | Empty mass || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Klimov RD-20F || 2
| colspan="2" | 3,655 kg || colspan="2" | 274 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 8m fuel || 20m fuel || 28m fuel
|-
| 670 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 4,068 kg || 4,621 kg || 4,989 kg || 5,590 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (108%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || 108%
! 8m fuel || 20m fuel || 28m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 898 kgf || 1,000 kgf
| 0.49 || 0.43 || 0.40 || 0.36
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 898 kgf (0 km/h) || 1,000 kgf (0 km/h)
| 0.49 || 0.43 || 0.40 || 0.36
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===


* 55 mm bulletproof glass - canopy windscreen
* 12 mm steel plate - just in front of the pilot, between the instrument panel and the 37 mm magazine
* 12 mm steel plate - just in front of the 37 mm magazine

The MiG-9, unfortunately, is not built like a tank and as a bomber interceptor, it had to be constructed like one, sacrificing weight for speed. The aircraft does feature 55 mm of bulletproof glass on the canopy windscreen and two 12 mm steel plates on both sides of the 37 mm ammunition magazine, but that is it for aircraft protection. All the protection is in the front which is meant to offer defence from any defensive gunners on enemy bombers. From the front profile, the armour plates and glass do a good job of shielding the critical components, however, from just about any other angle, the pilot, engines and fuel tanks are clustered in the centre of the aircraft and are all vulnerable from machine gun, cannon, missile and rocket damage. The MiG-9 (I) does have a little more of a weight issue that the standard [[MiG-9]] in that it has fuel pods at the end of the wing-tips which both add more weight and slightly decrease manoeuvrability.

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|N-37D (37 mm)|NS-23K (23 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 37 mm N-37D cannon, nose-mounted (40 rpg)
* 2 x 23 mm NS-23K cannons, chin-mounted (80 rpg = 160 total)

To fulfil the role of a bomber hunter, the best weapons for mid to late 1940s aircraft was rockets and cannons. Bombers were typically large aircraft and machine guns would not do the job. Bomber interceptors needed to get to the target and spend the least amount of time on target not only for their own safety but to be able to intercept multiple targets before needing to return to base to refuel or rearm. The N-37D and NS-23 cannons centrally mounted on the MiG-9 virtually nullify the need for messing with convergence, allowing the pilot to sling both ammunition types at bombers at 690 m/s. In a high speed pass only so many rounds could be fired off before the MiG was zooming past and needed to set up for another run if they missed.

Having the 37 mm and 23 mm cannons helped ensure if the critical areas are hit, only one pass is needed. Without rockets or missiles to provide backup or alternative weapon options, proficiency with the cannons is a must. Air Target ammunition belts provide a good mix of armour-piercing, fragmentary and high-explosive rounds which can devastate a bomber or even fighter if the rounds connect with the target.

== Usage in battles ==


The {{PAGENAME}} requires altitude to be most effective in either of its two main roles. While flying full afterburner into the middle of the map may seem like the noblest thing to do, it may end your piloting career faster than you care for, not allowing you to reach your full potential during the match. Best bet for this fighter is to start side climbing on the map or working on gaining altitude away from where the main group of aircraft are flying as this provides you with a relatively safe area to climb and allows you to see any enemy aircraft which may be gunning for you and give you enough time to respond or dive away. It is important to begin your side climb at an angle of about 8-10° until the fighter reaches speeds of about 400-500 kph when the climb angle can be increased to about 15°.

When you reach an altitude of where the bombers are at, you can then begin to patrol and set up for any attack runs. Typically it is best to have some altitude over the bombers as this will allow you to gain more speed when driving and make it that much more difficult for the defensive gunners to hit you. Flying towards the rear of the bomber is the worst angle to come at, while it makes it easy for you to line up the target, you will actually be flying into bullets fired at you causing them a chance for deeper penetration into your jet than if you came from another angle. Due to the limited amount of ammunition, controlled bursts are best especially when aimed at engines, cockpits or fuel tanks. Carefully aim at these critical components and let the ammunition do the rest for you. It is best not to linger around a target, instead, add full power and zoom away until you are at least a kilometre or two away and outside of the range of any defensive turrets before manoeuvring for another run.

If there are no bombers to attack, either because they have all been destroyed or waiting for more to spawn (in arcade battles, some pilots tend to leave their attackers/bombers as late match reserves), then when at altitude, you can patrol and look for unsuspecting fighters or you can work to lure aircraft up into a stall fight. From your perch, you can start to dip down towards a fighter as if you are going to pounce on it, if they take the bait and climb to meet your {{PAGENAME}}, then pull up as if you ‘’chickened-out’’ and are running, begin a moderate climb with your speed and watch as they follow up, especially watch for the condensation trails coming from their wings, this is a good indication that they are beginning to stall and are an easy target. The {{PAGENAME}} has a rather larger rudder and can make use of it for a wing-over manoeuvre which will put you in line with the stalled out target allowing for you to get a quick shot off before returning to your patrol altitude.

= Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="1" | Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! colspan="1" | Survivability
! colspan="1" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Compressor
|
| Offensive 23 mm
|-
| II
|
|
| Airframe
| New 23 mm cannons
|-
| III
| Wings repair
|
|
| Offensive 37 mm
|-
| IV
|
| Engine
| Cover
| New 37 mm cannons
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful armament for bomber hunting
* Somewhat cheap initial repair cost
* All armour is in the front of the aircraft to protect against defensive weapons
* Engines do not overheat at 100% throttle

'''Cons:'''

* Two different trajectories for both guns
* Limited ammunition of 160 (NS-23) and 40 (N-37D)
* No access to bombs or other payload options
* Underwhelming acceleration (though a bit better than the MiG-9 Early)
* Unimpressive climb-rate (likewise, improved from the earlier version)
* Control lock starts at around 800 km/h
* Loses a lot of speed during turns
* Very bad turn rate even compared to some jet bombers
* Difficult jet for beginners (hard to use due to its weapons and flight characteristics)

== History ==


During the 1930s, the turbojet engine was developed in both Germany and Great Britain and began the prototype jets of the day. In the early 1940s test aircraft now flew built by Gloster, Heinkel, Messerschmitt and Bell aircraft companies. At this point, the USSR was still ambivalent towards the turbojet engine and focused on other technologies. It wasn’t until 1944 when all of the Soviet aircraft design teams were brought together and were tasked with producing a ‘jet air force’ with early designs coming from prominent companies at the time like Mikoyan-Gurevich, Yakovlev and Sukhoi. It wasn’t until later in 1945 that pressure was put on both Mikoyan-Gurevich and Sukhoi do design and develop a single-seat jet fighter utilizing two captured German BMW 003 engines. These BMW engines are the same type which was utilised in the HE 162 and the Ar 234C. The Soviet military had seized the blueprints to the engines in Germany and had been in the process of building them to use with their new jet fighters.

Initially, Mikoyan-Gurevich was tasked to develop a single-seat fighter, however, in attempting to build it around the BMW engines; they came up with a pod and boom prototype in which the pod housed the cockpit and engines with a single tail boom. The pod did not run the entire length of the boom but instead terminated as short as possible as not to lose any unnecessary pressure or thrust. To accommodate this unusual configuration, MiG designed the fighter with tricycle landing gear which allowed for both better visibility during takeoff and landings but also maintained better airflow through the air intakes at lower speeds. Though the aircraft was all metal, there were constant issues for years where the metal plating after the engines constantly warped and buckled causing vibrations and other problems during flight. The wings were upswept, however, they were outfitted with Frise ailerons and slotted flaps to help with manoeuvring much like the American F-86D bomber interceptor.

Initially, the MiG-9 was configured with two 23 mm NS-23 cannons and a single 57 mm N-57 cannon, however, due to the off-gassing when firing the 57 mm cannon, many times it choked out the jet engine and caused it to flame out. Later the 57 mm was replaced with a 37 mm cannon which did not produce as much off-gassing and did not cause problems with the engine. The weapon configuration of the MiG-9 was simple, as a bomber hunter, it maintained its cannons in the centerline of the fighter, therefore the pilot did not have to worry about the convergence of the weapons when lining up his shot.

Test pilots noted that the MiG-9 was a very stable and easy jet to fly and was very responsive to the pilot’s input. While the rate of climb and cruising speeds were average at best, the aircraft maintained manoeuvrability in a dive, however, difficulties with the aircraft’s heat shielding, lack of ejection seat and an unpressurized cockpit continued to plague its early production.

By 1947, the MiG-9s which were rolling off the assembly line had some of their problems taken care of such as a improved lateral stability due to a larger and reinforced vertical tail and reworked rear fuselage contoured to smooth the flow of air from the engine exhausts and help prevent the overheating and skin buckling problems experienced on earlier aircraft. By the end of 1947, 243 MiG-9 fighters had been produced and by the end of 1948 another 302 were constructed. Unfortunately, at this time, the MiG-15 which began to fly in late 1947 was easily outperforming the MiG-9 in all aspects causing its obsolescence. While the MiG-9 was no longer the front runner jet in the Soviet air force, it remained in service and was subjected to further tests.

In the 1950s, the Soviets transferred 186 MiG-9 fighters to China to defend its cities against the Nationalist Chinese and train Chinese pilots who were new to jet aircraft operations. When training was complete, all of the MiG-9 fighters were handed over to the People’s Liberation Army Air Force.

=== In-game description ===
An all-metal, single-seat cantilever monoplane with two turbojet engines, mid-mounted wings, and retractable tricycle landing gear.

It was clear by the end of World War II that the piston-engine-and-propeller combo had reached the limit of its potential. Soon it would be necessary to switch to new engine types.

Jet aviation in the USSR changed for the better at the very end of the war when captured German turbojet engines, particularly the BMW-003, arrived in the Soviet Union. The aforementioned engine was studied in the shortest time possible, and a Soviet copy, the RD-20, was launched into mass production.

In the end of 1945, the Mikoyan Design Bureau began the development of a jet fighter with two BMW-003 engines (producing 800 kg of thrust). On 24 April 1946, test pilot A.N. Grinchik first flew the prototype I-300 (F-1), the first Soviet fighter with a turbojet engine. The plane reached a speed of 920 km/h and had powerful armament: a 57mm N-57 cannon and two 23mm NS-23 cannons.

In 1946, the I-300 began full-scale production and was accepted for service with the Air Force under the designation of MiG-9 (Product FS). Before producing it on a full-scale basis, the designers of the Mikoyan Design Bureau reworked the fighter's construction (particularly its fuselage) from scratch to adapt it to production in large quantities.

The power unit of production MiG-9s consisted of two RD-20 turbojet engines producing 800 kg of thrust apiece. At first, planes of this model had RD-20A-1 engines, with a service life of 10 hours. Actually, these engines were captured BMW-003s, reassembled in the USSR. Subsequently, MiG-9s featured only Soviet-produced turbojet engines: the RD-20A-2, with a service life of 25 and 50 hours, and later the RD-20B, with a service life of 75 hours.

The armament of the production planes differed from that of the prototypes. The MiG-9 (Product FS) had one 37mm Nudelman N-37 cannon with 40 rounds and two 23mm Nudelman-Suranov NS-23K cannons with 80 rounds each.

In 1947, it was decided to equip the MiG-9 with RD-21 uprated engines producing 1,000 kg of thrust. The engine was uprated due to increased gas temperature and turbine revolutions.

A prototype I-307 (Product FF) aircraft was built and tested with these engines in 1947. The testing showed that the I-307 had higher flight characteristics than production MiG-9s. The I-307 remained a prototype, since in March 1948 a decision was made to start the full-scale production of the more advanced MiG-15.

The last production aircraft were handed over to the Air Force in December 1948, and in factories they were supplanted by a new plane from the Mikoyan Design Bureau, the MiG-15. A total of 602 MiG-9 fighters were produced.

The MiG-9 was the beginning of the jet MiG's history. The success of the MiG-15 fighter all over the world would have been impossible without the experience gained in the processes of design, building, testing, mass production, and operation of the first Soviet jet fighter, the MiG-9.

As new fighters were received by the Air Force, some MiG-9s would be delivered to China. These planes became the first jet fighters of the People's Liberation Army Air Force of China.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer MiG}}
{{USSR jet aircrafts}}

MiG-9

2020-05-20T00:50:09Z

U34451655: /* Pros and cons */ engine landing

{{Specs-Card|code=mig-9}}
{{About
| about = Russian jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = MiG-9 (Family)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

Much like many of the early jet fighters, they looked different, much different than their propeller-driven cousins. Now with jet engines driving the aircraft and the ability for them to go faster than before, aerodynamics needed to be reworked to accommodate leaving many of the first fighters ungainly looking. Not being left out of the mix, one of the USSR's first jet fighters to roll out into production was the straight-wing, tricycle landing gear, short engine MiG-9.

Early on, Mikoyan-Gurevich's prototype the I-300 was tested with captured German BMW jet engines. The I-300 was envisioned to be a bomber interceptor and thus was built around the idea to get the fighter to bomber altitudes as fast as possible and then unload on the enemy bombers. Armed with a 37 mm cannon and two 23 mm cannons this fighter was meant to reach 5,000 m within four minutes. The engines were mounted on the underside of the aircraft in hopes that the hot exhaust could be vented away and not damage the aircraft. This new all-metal aircraft with slotted flaps and Frise-type ailerons was ready for testing in 1946.

Early tests showed that the fighter flew well and responded to the pilot's input without fighting back. Heat shields from the engine exhaust continued to be a problem but were quickly rectified after the redesigning of the tail section. In early 1947 the I-300 was renamed the MiG-9 and began to start rolling off the production floor.

The MiG-9 is a stout little fighter and is flown best as a Boom & Zoom fighter or a bomber hunter. While a stable fighter, the MiG-9 lacks manoeuvrability to compete in turn fights as it tends to haemorrhage energy when making turns. Instead, it is best to get this fighter up to altitude to either focus on bringing down bombers with its three large cannons or to set up for diving attacks on the enemy below. It is critical to maintain speed in this fighter as, without it, it becomes an easy target for other enemy fighters. After completing a diving run, whether it was successful or not, this fighter should have its nose lifted and zoom back up to its place in higher altitudes to set up for another run. Staying low and slow only puts this fighter in a vulnerable position and if being used for ground or naval attach, should only be done if no enemy fighters are in the area.

When attacking a MiG-9, aim your ordnance for the middle of the aircraft, there, in a tight compact area, you will find the pilot, huge fuel tanks and the engines. While the fuel tanks may be self-sealing, the engine and pilot are not and critical damage in this area of the aircraft will most likely bring it down.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===

When looking at this fighter, a pilot may complain at the lack of ordnance options available, being only limited to a single 37 mm and two 23 mm cannons with what seems to be only a handful of ammunition rounds between them. Without the addition of suspended ordnance, the flight model will not change due to added weight of bombs, missiles, rockets or gun pods, since none are available and the aircraft wasn't designed to use them.

As such, this fighter was built almost like a rocket, needing to get to bomber altitude as fast as possible and intercept inbound bombers. The limited ammunition prevents the pilot from just 'spraying-and-praying', but instead requires trigger control to maximize rounds on target. This is especially important in realistic and simulator battles where after the ammunition is expended, the pilot must return to base to reload.

The MiG-9 has enough speed to get to 5,000 m within about 4 minutes, however once there, it is best to either target bombers and go higher if needed (13,500 m is maximum altitude for the fighter) or to then turn the MiG-9 into a diving fighter and going for quick hits before zooming back up. Immelmanns and Split-S manoeuvres are recommended to change directions as this fighter is a very slow turner, taking about 30 seconds to make a complete circle. It is important to keep the speed up on this fighter due to when it becomes slow, it then becomes an easy target for enemy aircraft.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 868 || 840 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 30.3 || 31.1 || 17.7 || 16.6 || rowspan="2" | 895
|-
! Upgraded
| 955 || 909 || 27.8 || 29.0 || 26.8 || 22.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 480 || 300 || ~11 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 550 || < 600 || < 720 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Klimov RD-20A-2 || 2
| colspan="2" | 3,505 kg || colspan="3" | 266 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 12m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 40m fuel
|-
| 670 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 3,937 kg || 4,195 kg || 4,517 kg || 4,839 kg || 5,044 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 12m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 40m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 800 kgf || N/A
| 0.41 || 0.38 || 0.35 || 0.33 || 0.32
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 800 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.41 || 0.38 || 0.35 || 0.33 || 0.32
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===


* 55 mm bulletproof glass - canopy windscreen
* 12 mm steel plate - just in front of the pilot, between the instrument panel and the 37 mm magazine
* 12 mm steel plate - just in front of the 37 mm magazine

The MiG-9, unfortunately, is not built like a tank and as a bomber interceptor, it had to be constructed like one, sacrificing armour for speed. The aircraft does feature 55 mm of bulletproof glass on the canopy windscreen and two 12 mm steel plates on both sides of the 37 mm ammunition magazine, but that is it for aircraft protection. All the protection is in the front which is meant to offer defence from any defensive gunners on enemy bombers. From the front profile, the armour plates and glass do a good job of shielding the critical components, however, from just about any other angle, the pilot, engines and fuel tanks are clustered in the centre of the aircraft and are all vulnerable from machine gun, cannon, missile and rocket damage.

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|N-37D (37 mm)|NS-23 (23 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 37 mm N-37D cannon, nose-mounted (40 rpg)
* 2 x 23 mm NS-23 cannons, chin-mounted (80 rpg = 160 total)

To fulfil the role of a bomber hunter, the best weapons for mid to late 1940s aircraft was rockets and cannons. Bombers were typically large aircraft and machine guns would not do the job. Bomber interceptors needed to get to the target and spend the least amount of time on target not only for their own safety but to be able to intercept multiple targets before needing to return to base to refuel or rearm. The N-37D and NS-23 cannons centrally mounted on the MiG-9 virtually nullify the need for messing with convergence, allowing the pilot to sling both ammunition types at bombers at 690 m/s. In a high speed pass only so many rounds could be fired off before the MiG was zooming past and needed to set up for another run if they missed.

Having the 37 mm and 23 mm cannons helped ensure if the critical areas are hit, only one pass is needed. Without rockets or missiles to provide backup or alternative weapon options, proficiency with the cannons is a must. Air Target ammunition belts provide a good mix of armour-piercing, fragmentation and high-explosive rounds which can devastate a bomber or even fighter if the rounds connect with the target.

== Usage in battles ==

The {{PAGENAME}} requires altitude to be most effective in either of its two main roles. While flying full afterburner into the middle of the map may seem like the noblest thing to do, it may end your piloting career faster than you care for, not allowing you to reach your full potential during the match. Best bet for this fighter is to start side climbing on the map or working on gaining altitude away from where the main group of aircraft are flying as this provides you with a relatively safe area to climb and allows you to see any enemy aircraft which may be gunning for you and give you enough time to respond or dive away. It is important to begin your side climb at an angle of about 8-10° until the fighter reaches speeds of about 400-500 kph when the climb angle can be increased to about 15°.

When you reach an altitude of where the bombers are at, you can then begin to patrol and set up for any attack runs. Typically it is best to have some altitude over the bombers as this will allow you to gain more speed when driving and make it that much more difficult for the defensive gunners to hit you. Flying towards the rear of the bomber is the worst angle to come at, while it makes it easy for you to line up the target, you will actually be flying into bullets fired at you causing them a chance for deeper penetration into your jet than if you came from another angle. Due to the limited amount of ammunition, controlled bursts are best especially when aimed at engines, cockpits or fuel tanks. Carefully aim at these critical components and let the ammunition do the rest for you. It is best not to linger around a target, instead, add full power and zoom away until you are at least a kilometre or two away and outside of the range of any defensive turrets before manoeuvring for another run.

If there are no bombers to attack, either because they have all been destroyed or waiting for more to spawn (in arcade battles, some pilots tend to leave their attackers/bombers as late match reserves), then when at altitude, you can patrol and look for unsuspecting fighters or you can work to lure aircraft up into a stall fight. From your perch, you can start to dip down towards a fighter as if you are going to pounce on it, if they take the bait and climb to meet your {{PAGENAME}}, then pull up as if you 'chickened-out' and are running, begin a moderate climb with your speed and watch as they follow up, especially watch for the condensation trails coming from their wings, this is a good indication that they are beginning to stall and are an easy target. The {{PAGENAME}} has a rather larger rudder and can make use of it for a wing-over manoeuvre which will put you in line with the stalled out target allowing for you to get a quick shot off before returning to your patrol altitude.

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! Survivability
! Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Compressor
|
| Offensive 23 mm
|-
| II
|
|
| Airframe
| New 23 mm cannons
|-
| III
| Wings repair
|
|
| Offensive 37 mm
|-
| IV
|
| Engine
| Cover
| New 37 mm cannons
|-
|}

<nowiki>*</nowiki>It's highly recommended to research Flight Performance modules first. The Engine upgrade significantly improves the quality of the plane.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful armament allows it to hunt bombers effectively
* Somewhat cheap initial repair cost
* All armour is in the front of the aircraft to protect against defensive weapons
* Engines do not overheat at 100% throttle
* Is able to land quite well on engines like in the Me-262

'''Cons:'''

* Two different trajectories for both guns
* Limited ammunition of 160 (NS-23) and 40 (N-37D)
* No access to bombs or other payload options
* Underwhelming acceleration
* Unimpressive climb-rate
* Control lock starts at around 800 km/h
* Loses a lot of speed during turns
* Very bad turn rate even compared to some jet bombers
* Difficult jet for beginners (hard to use due to its weapons and flight characteristics)

== History ==

During the 1930s, the turbojet engine was developed in both Germany and Great Britain and began the prototype jets of the day. In the early 1940s test aircraft now flew built by Gloster, Heinkel, Messerschmitt and Bell aircraft companies. At this point, the USSR was still ambivalent towards the turbojet engine and focused on other technologies. It wasn't until 1944 when all of the Soviet aircraft design teams were brought together and were tasked with producing a 'jet air force' with early designs coming from prominent companies at the time like Mikoyan-Gurevich, Yakovlev and Sukhoi. It wasn't until later in 1945 that pressure was put on both Mikoyan-Gurevich and Sukhoi do design and develop a single-seat jet fighter utilizing two captured German BMW 003 engines. These BMW engines are the same type which was utilised in the HE 162 and the Ar 234C. The Soviet military had seized the blueprints to the engines in Germany and had been in the process of building them to use with their new jet fighters.

Initially, Mikoyan-Gurevich was tasked to develop a single-seat fighter, however, in attempting to build it around the BMW engines; they came up with a pod and boom prototype in which the pod housed the cockpit and engines with a single tail boom. The pod did not run the entire length of the boom but instead terminated as short as possible as not to lose any unnecessary pressure or thrust. To accommodate this unusual configuration, MiG designed the fighter with tricycle landing gear which allowed for both better visibility during takeoff and landings but also maintained better airflow through the air intakes at lower speeds. Though the aircraft was all metal, there were constant issues for years where the metal plating after the engines constantly warped and buckled causing vibrations and other problems during flight. The wings were upswept, however, they were outfitted with Frise ailerons and slotted flaps to help with manoeuvring much like the American F-86D bomber interceptor.

Initially, the MiG-9 was configured with two 23 mm NS-23 cannons and a single 57 mm N-57 cannon, however, due to the off-gassing when firing the 57 mm cannon, many times it choked out the jet engine and caused it to flame out. Later the 57 mm was replaced with a 37 mm cannon which did not produce as much off-gassing and did not cause problems with the engine. The weapon configuration of the MiG-9 was simple, as a bomber hunter, it maintained its cannons in the centreline of the fighter, therefore the pilot did not have to worry about the convergence of the weapons when lining up his shot.

Test pilots noted that the MiG-9 was a very stable and easy jet to fly and was very responsive to the pilot's input. While the rate of climb and cruising speeds were average at best, the aircraft maintained manoeuvrability in a dive, however, difficulties with the aircraft's heat shielding, lack of ejection seat and an unpressurised cockpit continued to plague its early production.

By 1947, the MiG-9s which were rolling off the assembly line had some of their problems taken care of such as a improved lateral stability due to a larger and reinforced vertical tail and reworked rear fuselage contoured to smooth the flow of air from the engine exhausts and help prevent the overheating and skin buckling problems experienced on earlier aircraft. By the end of 1947, 243 MiG-9 fighters had been produced and by the end of 1948 another 302 were constructed. Unfortunately, at this time, the MiG-15 which began to fly in late 1947 was easily outperforming the MiG-9 in all aspects causing its obsolescence. While the MiG-9 was no longer the front runner jet in the Soviet air force, it remained in service and was subjected to further tests.

In the 1950s, the Soviets transferred 186 MiG-9 fighters to China to defend its cities against the Nationalist Chinese and train Chinese pilots who were new to jet aircraft operations. When training was complete, all of the MiG-9 fighters were handed over to the People's Liberation Army Air Force.

=== In-game description ===
An all-metal, single-seat cantilever monoplane with two turbojet engines, mid-mounted wings, and retractable tricycle landing gear.

It was clear by the end of World War II that the piston-engine-and-propeller combo had reached the limit of its potential. Soon it would be necessary to switch to new engine types.

Jet aviation in the USSR changed for the better at the very end of the war when captured German turbojet engines, particularly the BMW-003, arrived in the Soviet Union. The aforementioned engine was studied in the shortest time possible, and a Soviet copy, the RD-20, was launched into mass production.

In the end of 1945, the Mikoyan Design Bureau began the development of a jet fighter with two BMW-003 engines (producing 800 kg of thrust). On 24 April 1946, test pilot A.N. Grinchik first flew the prototype I-300 (F-1), the first Soviet fighter with a turbojet engine. The plane reached a speed of 920 km/h and had powerful armament: a 57mm N-57 cannon and two 23mm NS-23 cannons.

In 1946, the I-300 began full-scale production and was accepted for service with the Air Force under the designation of MiG-9 (Product FS). Before producing it on a full-scale basis, the designers of the Mikoyan Design Bureau reworked the fighter's construction (particularly its fuselage) from scratch to adapt it to production in large quantities.

The power unit of production MiG-9s consisted of two RD-20 turbojet engines producing 800 kg of thrust apiece. At first, planes of this model had RD-20A-1 engines, with a service life of 10 hours. Actually, these engines were captured BMW-003s, reassembled in the USSR. Subsequently, MiG-9s featured only Soviet-produced turbojet engines: the RD-20A-2, with a service life of 25 and 50 hours, and later the RD-20B, with a service life of 75 hours.

The armament of the production planes differed from that of the prototypes. The MiG-9 (Product FS) had one 37mm Nudelman N-37 cannon with 40 rounds and two 23mm Nudelman-Suranov NS-23K cannons with 80 rounds each.

In 1947, it was decided to equip the MiG-9 with RD-21 uprated engines producing 1,000 kg of thrust. The engine was uprated due to increased gas temperature and turbine revolutions.

A prototype I-307 (Product FF) aircraft was built and tested with these engines in 1947. The testing showed that the I-307 had higher flight characteristics than production MiG-9s. The I-307 remained a prototype, since in March 1948 a decision was made to start the full-scale production of the more advanced MiG-15.

The last production aircraft were handed over to the Air Force in December 1948, and in factories they were supplanted by a new plane from the Mikoyan Design Bureau, the MiG-15. A total of 602 MiG-9 fighters were produced.

The MiG-9 was the beginning of the jet MiG's history. The success of the MiG-15 fighter all over the world would have been impossible without the experience gained in the processes of design, building, testing, mass production, and operation of the first Soviet jet fighter, the MiG-9.

As new fighters were received by the Air Force, some MiG-9s would be delivered to China. These planes became the first jet fighters of the People's Liberation Army Air Force of China.

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|zMxPsF2lpQg|''First Impressions - Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-9 - Realistic Battle'' - '''MagzTV'''|VnymTqdIc8Y|''War Thunder Realistic: Mig-9 [Competative at 7.0]'' - '''Jengar'''|j6oRU49ndX8|''War Thunder - MiG-9 - Ace without the "L"'' - '''Napalmratte'''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer MiG}}
{{USSR jet aircraft}}

TIS MA

2020-04-12T23:00:11Z

U34451655: /* Usage in battles */ other method

{{Specs-Card
|code=tis_ma
|market=TIS MA (USSR)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet twin-engine fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]] in the [[wt:en/news/6521-special-operation-f-r-o-s-t-en|Operation F.R.O.S.T.]] event.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 1,660 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 511 || 494 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.1 || 25.9 || 6.8 || 6.8 || rowspan="2" | 420
|-
! Upgraded
| 556 || 534 || 23.0 || 24.0 || 14.5 || 10.3
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|constructions}} || {{Specs|destruction|chassis}} || 400 || ___ || 270 || ~10 || ~8
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 380 || < 380 || < 420 || > 329
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Compressor
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
! Setting 1
| 750 m || 1,500 hp || 1,623 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===


* 8.5 mm steel pilot seat

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|NS-45 (45 mm)|NS-37 (37 mm)|ShVAK (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** 2 x 37 mm NS-37 cannons, wing-mounted (75 rpg = 150 total) + 2 x 20 mm ShVAK cannons, nose-mounted (150 rpg = 300 total)
** 2 x 45 mm NS-45 cannons, wing-mounted (50 rpg = 100 total) + 2 x 20 mm ShVAK cannons, nose-mounted (150 rpg = 300 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|FAB-100 (100 kg)|FAB-250M43 (250 kg)|FAB-500 (500 kg)|RS-132|RBS-132}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 100 kg FAB-100 bombs (200 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg FAB-250M43 bombs (500 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg FAB-500 bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 8 x RS-132 rockets
* 8 x RBS-132 rockets

=== Defensive armament ===

{{main|Berezin UB (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 12.7 mm Berezin UB machine gun, dorsal turret (200 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==
'''Opportunistic Low-Level Interceptor'''

# Equip NS37 (more accurate and still overpowered damage), equip HE for 37mm cannons and tracers for 20mm cannons (they spark less than 20mm HE for some reason)
# Take off, set throttle to WEP, and don't ever turn off WEP
# Climb to around 2000m
# Look for fighters, attackers, and bombers nearby that are nearby and at low alt (preferably near allies)
# Dive and try to deal crippling damage in the first pass
# If you have not destroyed them, there are 2 choices:
## If they are more maneuverable then climb away
## If they are not then use your unexpectedly fast turning to set up another shot
# Once the enemy is destroyed, regain altitude and repeat

'''Ground Pounder'''

Use the 37mm AP shells to kill pillboxes and tanks. If you want to load secondary weapons, consult the IL2 articles.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Ludicrously powerful armament layouts with decent ammo capacities
* Both the 37 mm cannons and 45 mm cannons have high muzzle velocity are quite accurate
* Firing the guns barely slows the aircraft down
* Reasonable manoeuvrability for a twin-engined fighter bolstered by leading-edge slats
* Decent speed, but lower than most fighters it will encounter
* Acceptable acceleration for a twin-engined fighter
* All armaments centred in or near the nose, resulting in little need for convergence adjustments, except for long-distance shots
* Can mount bombs and rockets for ground-pounding
* Premium rewards

'''Cons:'''

* Slower than contemporary aircraft
* Lack of bulletproof glass makes the pilot prone to snipes, also vulnerable to head-on attacks
* Extremely prone to fires

== History ==


The TIS A (and the improved MA) were designed to a 1938 specification for a heavy fighter - but work did not begin until 1940 due to resources being devoted to the I-180 and SPB projects.

The TIS A was an all metal monocoque monoplane with a very heavy forward facing armament of some mix of 2 x 37mm, 2 x 20mm cannon; and 2 x 12.7mm UB + 4 x 7.62mm ShKAS machine guns, or 6 x 7.62mm ShKAS machine guns - sources vary on the exact nature of armament for the prototype<ref>http://www.airpages.ru/eng/ru/tis.shtml Aviation of WW2</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polikarpov_TIS Wikipedia article</ref>. The single rear gunner had 2 ShKAS machine guns - 1 mounted to fire from a dorsal position, the other mounted to shoot through a ventral hatch. It was fitted with Mikulin AM-39 engines, but these had protracted development problems - they were unreliable and vibrated above 5000m altitude.

By 1942 flight testing showed several problems, and a major redesign was conducted - radiators were moved to the wings, the machine guns in the nose were replaced by 2 x ShVAK 20mm cannon, and 2 x 45mm 11P guns were fitted in the wing roots. The gunner's 2 x ShKAS were replaced by a single 12.7mm UBT machine gun. Engine reliability was not improved, so AM-38F engines (as fitted to Il-2's) were fitted instead - and these had much lower output resulting in predictably lower performance, especially at higher altitudes due to the AM-38's single stage supercharger optimised for lower altitudes.

This configuration was renamed the TIS-MA.

Flight testing of the TIS-MA from June-September 1944 found it performed as expected with the new engines - being generally disappointing at altitude. Calculations showed much better performance if the desired AM-39's could be fitted. However fate intervened - Polikarpov died on 30 July of stomach cancer, and when the TIS-MA crashed on 15 September it spelled the end of the program - his design bureau was being shut down and none of the others could or would take it on.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Polikarpov}}
{{USSR twin-engine fighters}}
{{USSR premium aircraft}}
{{Winter Event}}
<references />

TIS MA

2020-04-12T02:16:51Z

U34451655: /* Armaments */ a tactic that I usually use

{{Specs-Card
|code=tis_ma
|market=TIS MA (USSR)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet twin-engine fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]] in the [[wt:en/news/6521-special-operation-f-r-o-s-t-en|Operation F.R.O.S.T.]] event.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 1,660 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 511 || 494 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.1 || 25.9 || 6.8 || 6.8 || rowspan="2" | 420
|-
! Upgraded
| 556 || 534 || 23.0 || 24.0 || 14.5 || 10.3
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|constructions}} || {{Specs|destruction|chassis}} || 400 || ___ || 270 || ~10 || ~8
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 380 || < 380 || < 420 || > 329
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Compressor
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
! Setting 1
| 750 m || 1,500 hp || 1,623 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===


* 8.5 mm steel pilot seat

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|NS-45 (45 mm)|NS-37 (37 mm)|ShVAK (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** 2 x 37 mm NS-37 cannons, wing-mounted (75 rpg = 150 total) + 2 x 20 mm ShVAK cannons, nose-mounted (150 rpg = 300 total)
** 2 x 45 mm NS-45 cannons, wing-mounted (50 rpg = 100 total) + 2 x 20 mm ShVAK cannons, nose-mounted (150 rpg = 300 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|FAB-100 (100 kg)|FAB-250M43 (250 kg)|FAB-500 (500 kg)|RS-132|RBS-132}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 100 kg FAB-100 bombs (200 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg FAB-250M43 bombs (500 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg FAB-500 bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 8 x RS-132 rockets
* 8 x RBS-132 rockets

=== Defensive armament ===

{{main|Berezin UB (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 12.7 mm Berezin UB machine gun, dorsal turret (200 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==
'''Opportunistic Low-Level Interceptor'''

# Equip NS37 (more accurate and still overpowered damage), equip HE for 37mm cannons and tracers for 20mm cannons (they spark less than 20mm HE for some reason)
# Take off, set throttle to WEP, and don't ever turn off WEP
# Climb to around 2000m
# Look for fighters, attackers, and bombers nearby that are nearby and at low alt (preferably near allies)
# Dive and try to deal crippling damage in the first pass
# If you have not destroyed them, there are 2 choices:
## If they are more maneuverable then climb away
## If they are not then use your unexpectedly fast turning to set up another shot
# Once the enemy is destroyed, regain altitude and repeat

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Ludicrously powerful armament layouts with decent ammo capacities
* Both the 37 mm cannons and 45 mm cannons have high muzzle velocity are quite accurate
* Firing the guns barely slows the aircraft down
* Reasonable manoeuvrability for a twin-engined fighter bolstered by leading-edge slats
* Decent speed, but lower than most fighters it will encounter
* Acceptable acceleration for a twin-engined fighter
* All armaments centred in or near the nose, resulting in little need for convergence adjustments, except for long-distance shots
* Can mount bombs and rockets for ground-pounding
* Premium rewards

'''Cons:'''

* Slower than contemporary aircraft
* Lack of bulletproof glass makes the pilot prone to snipes, also vulnerable to head-on attacks
* Extremely prone to fires

== History ==


The TIS A (and the improved MA) were designed to a 1938 specification for a heavy fighter - but work did not begin until 1940 due to resources being devoted to the I-180 and SPB projects.

The TIS A was an all metal monocoque monoplane with a very heavy forward facing armament of some mix of 2 x 37mm, 2 x 20mm cannon; and 2 x 12.7mm UB + 4 x 7.62mm ShKAS machine guns, or 6 x 7.62mm ShKAS machine guns - sources vary on the exact nature of armament for the prototype<ref>http://www.airpages.ru/eng/ru/tis.shtml Aviation of WW2</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polikarpov_TIS Wikipedia article</ref>. The single rear gunner had 2 ShKAS machine guns - 1 mounted to fire from a dorsal position, the other mounted to shoot through a ventral hatch. It was fitted with Mikulin AM-39 engines, but these had protracted development problems - they were unreliable and vibrated above 5000m altitude.

By 1942 flight testing showed several problems, and a major redesign was conducted - radiators were moved to the wings, the machine guns in the nose were replaced by 2 x ShVAK 20mm cannon, and 2 x 45mm 11P guns were fitted in the wing roots. The gunner's 2 x ShKAS were replaced by a single 12.7mm UBT machine gun. Engine reliability was not improved, so AM-38F engines (as fitted to Il-2's) were fitted instead - and these had much lower output resulting in predictably lower performance, especially at higher altitudes due to the AM-38's single stage supercharger optimised for lower altitudes.

This configuration was renamed the TIS-MA.

Flight testing of the TIS-MA from June-September 1944 found it performed as expected with the new engines - being generally disappointing at altitude. Calculations showed much better performance if the desired AM-39's could be fitted. However fate intervened - Polikarpov died on 30 July of stomach cancer, and when the TIS-MA crashed on 15 September it spelled the end of the program - his design bureau was being shut down and none of the others could or would take it on.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Polikarpov}}
{{USSR twin-engine fighters}}
{{USSR premium aircraft}}
{{Winter Event}}
<references />