War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

OTOMATIC

2023-10-11T14:42:44Z

U3039493: /* Main armament */ added the bits about the HEVT and SAP rounds not having tracers.

{{Specs-Card
|code=it_otomatic
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The development of the OTOMATIC began in the late 1980s when OTO Melara designed the family of OF-40/Palmaria vehicles, including MBT, ARV, and SPAA variants. Initially, OTO Melara proposed the ATAK-35 CA for the SPAA role, which was equipped with the Dutch Cheetah PRTL turret (similar to the [[Gepard]]'s). However, this design did not generate much interest, despite being tested by multiple nations. As a result, OTO Melara came up with a new and radical design for the SPAAG, featuring a modified version of the naval 76 mm cannon developed by OTO Melara as the main armament. This anti-air vehicle was named OTO Main Anti-aircraft Tank for Intercept and Combat, or OTOMATIC for short. The OTOMATIC garnered interest from both the Italian army and air force, as Italy lacked a sophisticated self-propelled air defense system at the time, most examples instead being truck-transported static emplacements. The OTOMATIC also offered advanced features such as an extremely modern FCS with search and tracking radar, as well as a datalink for easy integration into a nation's air defense network. The 76 mm calibre allowed compatibility with rounds used by naval forces, and a special APFSDS round was also developed for potential use against enemy vehicles. Unfortunately, the OTOMATIC proved to be too expensive for Italy, and they ultimately chose the [[SIDAM 25]] as a less sophisticated but more cost-effective option that could be acquired in larger numbers.

Introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]], the OTOMATIC is a highly potent radar-equipped SPAAG, capable of shooting proximity-fused fragmentation rounds that can destroy planes in a single, well-aimed shot. When acting as a pure anti-air vehicle, it is recommended to stay in a capture zone since the OTOMATIC carries a limited amount of ammunition (90 shells for a cannon with a 0.5s reload). Keep in mind that at your battle rating, you will encounter jets and helicopters that outrange you, so it is essential to remain hidden until the enemy aircraft are within range of your cannon. As the OTOMATIC is a large vehicle, it becomes an easy target for vehicles equipped with ATGMs when exposed in the open. The vehicle's armour is lacking, and enemy fire will easily penetrate both the hull and turret. Fortunately, the mobility of the OTOMATIC is excellent for a vehicle of its kind, allowing you to reach strategic positions without lagging behind your team.

It is advisable to focus on shooting down aircraft when you first unlock the OTOMATIC. The stock rounds can damage lightly armoured vehicles, but engaging enemy tanks with them is risky until APFSDS rounds are unlocked. Once unlocked, you can confidently take on enemy vehicles at your battle rating, thanks to the autoloader and powerful ammunition. However, engaging enemies frontally is not recommended as it reduces the chances of damaging key components. Flanking and firing at enemies from their sides is a more effective strategy.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Structural steel (Radar equipment, Mudguards)
* Rubber-fabric screens

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 70 mm (59°), 35 mm (81°) ''Front glacis'' 50 mm (52°) ''Lower glacis'' 25 mm (81°), 50 mm (30-46°) ''Ammo stowage hatch'' || 25-35 mm ''Top'' 30 mm ''Bottom'' || 25 mm (1-40°) || 30 mm (89°) ''Front'' 15 mm (89°) ''Rear'' 5 mm ''Engine grille''
|-
| Turret || 25 mm (25-45°) ''Turret front'' 25 mm (17-83°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 25 mm (0-11°) || 25 mm (1-10°) || 15 mm
|-
|}

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,562|rbMinHp=973}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|OTO Breda Cannone da 76/62 (76 mm)}}

The OTOMATIC is armed with the most famous naval autocannon, the OTO Breda Cannone da 76/62. This specific configuration is the Compact version, meaning the carousel is smaller for size reduction but with an increase in rate of fire. This particular gun, if already used in vessels, has one of the best trade-off in accuracy, stopping power and range. Different from other cannons, the 76 mm is the biggest anti-air calibre yet the smallest calibre for modern vehicles. The version mounted on the OTOMATIC is set to super-rapid fire, speeding the rate of fire from 60 RPM to 120 RPM. This has its own pros and cons. From one side you have a tremendous stopping power which can deal with all threats in seconds, including ground. However, on the other side, you devour ammunition when doing continuous fire, getting from 90 shells to 60 in a matter of seconds.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[OTO Breda Cannone da 76/62 (76 mm)|76 mm OTO Breda Cannone da 76/62]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 90 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+60° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 61.6 || 85.3 || 103.6 || 114.6 || 121.9 || rowspan="2" | 0.50 || rowspan="2" | 0.50 || rowspan="2" | 0.50 || rowspan="2" | 0.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 41.6 || 49.0 || 59.5 || 65.8 || 70.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The OTOMATIC has access to both anti-air and anti-tank ammunition capable of dealing with a high variety of threats, from lightly-armoured IFVs to heavily armoured MBTs.

'''SAPOM''' - The Semi Armour-Piercing High Explosive Incendiary rounds has a multipurpose capabilities with a little bit of everything. It has a nice trade-off between anti-air and anti-tank capabilities due to the explosive mass and armour penetration. However, the SAPOM is not really suggested for anything rather than anti-tank roles as the HE-VT* is more than capable of dealing with enemy threats. It should be noted most of the targets faced can be killed from the sides if shot between the road wheels in the lower half of the chassis (in case for NATO tanks), engine deck (will only cause fire and damage to transmission), Gunner's Primary Sight (in case of M1 Abrams and XM-1s). When it comes to dealing with Russian targets (the most generally armoured MBTs in the game), SAPOM should be fire almost at the ground hitting the lowest part of the chassis. It is recommended to destroy their tracks and barrels in order to let friendly units take them out for this reason. SAPOM is capable of destroying all lightly-armoured targets seen at the battle-rating (IFVs, SPAAs, etc).

'''APFSDS''' - The dart ammunition has a full anti-tank role though it can be used for anti-air roles, however it is not recommended. It has decent penetration and stopping power as a dart and is more than capable with dealing enemy tanks. It is able to destroy enemy targets in one hit if it's a well placed shot. Ammunition should be targeted with the APFSDS as the low amount of ammunition carrying can make it run out of APFSDS before destroying the enemy. Trapshots are suggested (driver's port, cupola, mantlets, etc).

'''HE-MOM''' - The High Explosive Variable Time fuse proximity shell has a full anti-air role with zero anti-tank role. Thanks to the high calibre, the HE is able to carry a proximity fuse with a lethal explosive mass, making it capable of destroying all aerial threats with one or two hits. Trigger discipline is recommended as, due to the fast fire rate, the OTOMATIC can spend the whole ammunition reserve really fast. Thanks to being a big shell, most enemy helicopters and aircraft will not redirect course when being fired at until it's too late compared to the continuous fire smaller calibre SPAA have (25, 30, 35, 40 mm, etc). They do not trigger Missile Alert Warning systems and do not have a visible tracer, making them the ultimate helicopter killer.

{{:OTO Breda Cannone da 76/62 (76 mm)/Ammunition|76/62 SAPOM, 76/62 APFSDS, 76/62 HE-MOM}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''90''' || 64 ''(+26)'' || 55 ''(+35)'' || ''27(+63)'' || 0 ''(+90)'' || No
|-
|}

===Radars===
{{main|SMA VPS-A05|SMA VPS-A06}}
The OTOMATIC is equipped with a [[SMA VPS-A05]] search radar and a [[SMA VPS-A06]] tracking radar; both radars are located on the top of the turret, with the SMA VPS-A05 being mounted on an arm at the rear, and the SMA VPS-A06 being mounted further forwards on the left hand side of the turret roof. The radar system is capable of tracking a target while scanning, but can only track targets within a 180° arc from the front of the turret. Both radar can be folded.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="5" | [[SMA VPS-A05]] - Target Detection Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Detection Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Detection Range|The range, below which, a target cannot be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Max Azimuth Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Max Elevation Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum relative speed|The minimum speed a target must be moving, relative to the radar, in order to be detectable by the radar}}
|-
| 15,000 m || 500 m || 360° || 18° || 10 m/s (36 km/h)
|-
! colspan="5" | [[SMA VPS-A06]] - Target Tracking Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum target speed|The minimum speed a target must be moving, relative to the radar, in order to be tracked by the radar}}
|-
| 10,000 m || 75 m || ±90° || -15°/+87° || 15 m/s (54 km/h)
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The OTOMATIC is one of the more role-diverse SPAA in the game, akin to that of the ADATS with its anti-air/anti-tank missiles. However, the OTOMATIC can practice these diverse roles without needing to notify the enemy of what role it is prior to an engagement. The {{PAGENAME}} has the mobility, speed, armour and electronics to make it one of the best SPAA or anti-tank vehicle, depending on what the commander or battlefield situation dictate.

The OTOMATIC has a big ammo rack with three types of ammunition for all types of players, for those who want to be deadly to only aircraft and control the skies as quickly as possible, and for those who want to carry out as much destruction as possible regardless if they want to go anti-air or anti-tank. The only drawback is that the OTOMATIC can only carry 12 APFSDS rounds. The recommended round load is 50 HE-VT*, 20 SAPOM, and 12 APFSDS for both anti-air and anti-tank capabilities. Each of these rounds are well-suited for the targets they are specialized to fight against.

=== HE-VT* ===
This round makes nailing aircraft such an easy task, though it has its pros and cons compared to missiles that other high-ranking SPAA are using. As a con, a HE-VT* shell carries less explosive power, cannot be guided, and has a slower muzzle velocity compared to missiles. However, the HE-VT* as a shell will not trigger the aircraft's Missile Approach Warning system (MAW) and so the enemy may be caught unaware of an incoming 76 mm HE-VT* shell if they do not see it coming. This shell does not have a visible tracer. The only visual cue they would have is the muzzle flash when firing the cannon, compared to a missile smoke streak that may be traced to the firing SPAA vehicle. The larger number of HE-VT* shells carried also means the {{PAGENAME}} can quickly follow-up a shot if the first shot missed, without too much worry on ammunition waste.

This round helps make the {{PAGENAME}} one of the more reliable SPAA at the top-rank battlefield. A missile would cause hovering aircraft like helicopters to simply find cover as soon as the MAW is activated. Top-rank SPAA that uses missile also have a reliance to their radar lock, as it must maintain that lock for the missile to track and hit the target. The {{PAGENAME}} also has access to thermal sights and a laser rangefinder to help locate aircraft in the air and find their range without use of the radar. With this, the {{PAGENAME}} can track a helicopter and find their distance without the enemy helicopter being aware that they are within the {{PAGENAME}}'s sights and firing range.

=== SAPOM ===
This round provides some flexibility in the usage of the {{PAGENAME}}. It is a Semi Armour-Piercing High-Explosive Incendiary (SAPHEI) round that does not have the penetration values of a likewise APCBC round, while also not having as much high-explosives as a dedicated HE shell. However, this round in the 76 mm calibre does still present some general-purpose uses. While there is enough high-explosives in the shell to use against an aircraft, the presence of the HE-VT* shell makes this role redundant by a more capable shell. The shell can fight enemy armoured fighting vehicles, but a maximum penetration of 60 mm at point-blank range means this round will struggle against any main battle tanks fought at the {{PAGENAME}}'s battle-rating. Nevertheless, as the only armour-piercing round available to the {{PAGENAME}} before it unlocks the APFSDS, it must be used with caution, patience, and practice for maximum efficiency.

Arguably one of the best use of the SAPOM round is as a reserve so that the valuable 12 APFSDS that can be carried in the {{PAGENAME}} is not wasted; or in the worst case all HE-VT* is spent. As such, its use should be reserved to fighting lightly-armoured vehicles, when out of APFSDS against ground units, or out of HE-VT* against air targets.

====Fighting Specific Tanks with SAPOM====
'''NATO allegiance MBTs (Leopard, Abrams, Leclerc, etc.)''':

*When facing from the front:
**Aim at the main gun to disable the tank's firepower. After that is disabled, aim for the tracks to immobilize the vehicle. Then allow a more capable ally destroy the enemy tank.

*When facing from the side/rear:
**Aim at medium lower section of a tank's hull sides, in between the road wheels where the armour is generally weaker.
**If the {{PAGENAME}} is positioned to be somewhere towards the vehicle's rear, aim instead at the turret bustle ammunition rack. No tank has enough armour to withstand multiple hits to the ammo rack. Aiming at engine deck is worthless if gun is not disabled.

'''CSTO allegiance MBTs (T-80, T-90, ZTZ-99, etc.)'''

*When facing from the front:
**Aim at the main gun to disable the tank's firepower. After that is disabled, aim for the tracks to immobilize the vehicle. Then allow a more capable ally destroy the enemy tank.

*When facing from the side/rear:
** Unfortunately, CSTO MBTs are often more well-armoured at the sides than NATO tanks, enough so to resist SAPOM rounds more easily with slight angling. As such, an attack with SAPOM rounds should not be attempted even from the sides.
** If able to hit the vehicle's rear, the only place of worth the {{PAGENAME}} may penetrate is the engine deck. Shoot there to disable the enemy's mobility, but make sure to disable the enemy's gun as it reacts otherwise it may destroy the {{PAGENAME}}.

'''Generally speaking, try and avoid combat with CSTO MBTs if the {{PAGENAME}} only has SAPOM rounds available, unless it is mission-critical that the enemy tank must be immobilized or disabled.'''

=== APFSDS ===
This is probably the most used round by the OTOMATIC when it is being used for anti-tank purposes. This is the same round the Rooikat uses, meaning it is a reliable round with good capabilities, but does require trigger discipline, situational awareness and knowledge of the enemy tank's "anatomy" to make every single round count as there are only 12 round carried. While the APFSDS round has nowhere enough penetration power to deal with enemy MBT, it does have enough to penetrate weakpoints and from favourable angles of attack.

'''NATO allegiance MBTs (Leopard, Abrams, Leclerc, etc.)''':

*When facing from the front:
**As explained above, utilize the terrain to the {{PAGENAME}}'s advantage against the enemy. However, a frontal encounter is highly discouraged

*When facing from the side/rear:
**Aim at the hull ammo racks
***Leopard/Leclerc/Type 90: Next to driver
***Abrams: Almost at engine deck, a small wall ammo rack
**If able to hit the enemy from an angle closer to their rear, aim exclusively at turret bustle ammo rack. APFSDS will over-penetrate and make the blast shields useless.

'''CSTO allegiance MBTs (T-80, T-90, ZTZ-99, etc.)'''

*When facing from the front:
**As explained above, utilize the terrain to the {{PAGENAME}}'s advantage against the enemy. However, a frontal encounter is highly discouraged

*When facing from the side/rear:
**Aim at the hull ammo racks
***T-64s/T-80s: any hit to the side. Ammo rack is in an "L" shape, making ammo rack hits easy
***T-72s/T-90: aim in a manner like if the target was a T-80, but closer to the ground due to ammo rack closer to the ground as it is in a "=" shape
**If able to hit the enemy from an angle closer to their rear, aim exclusively at anywhere is possible to hit. Preferably the turret rear to disable critical modules or even hit an ammunition rack if there is any.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Radar guidance system
* Equipped by default with HE-VT* fuse shells capable of annihilating aircraft within 1-3 indirect hits. Direct hits usually destroy the aircraft in one blow
* Excellent scoped zoom for an SPAA (8.0x to 16.1x)
* Immense fire rate for the gun calibre; 120 RPM for a 76 mm gun
* Two axis stabiliser
* APFSDS can penetrate up to 311 mm, enough to destroy any top-rank MBT with a well-placed shot
* Equipped with SAPHEI shells, capable of dealing with many light tanks and the XM-1
* Capable of taking out long-range helicopters with ammunition which does not explode until approximately 4.6 km away, allowing for shots well past the radar tracking range
* The OF-40 chassis provides reasonable protection and mobility (especially compared to the M163 and ZSU-23-4)
* Fantastic turret rotation and elevation speed
* Generation 1 thermals for the gunner - makes spotting enemy aircraft, helicopters and tanks a much easier task
* Fear factor - Enemy pilots who know there is an OTOMATIC around will fall back in a far more cautious playstyle and are less likely to attack friendly ground vehicles in the open
* Large cannon breech - can soak up shrapnel, thereby protecting the turret crew
* HE-VT* and SAPHEI rounds do not have a visible tracer, making them impossible to spot in flight

'''Cons:'''

* Turret has immensely thin armour, can be penetrated by other SPAA as well as secondary cannons from the MBT-70 or AMX-40
* Several turret-mounted ammo racks that are almost impossible ''not'' to hit
* APFSDS rounds are a tier IV modification
* APFSDS capacity limited to 12 rounds
* APFSDS has limited accuracy at range
* Massive profile, straightforward to spot and shoot
* This vehicle's reputation precedes it, enemies will prioritise its destruction
* SAPHEI penetration is abysmal, and 62 mm consistently fails to penetrate the sides of Abrams or T-64s/T-72s/T-80s
* First-stage ammo stowage capacity of 29 rounds. The gun's high rate of fire will empty this quickly
* There must be at least one shell in the first-stage stowage to fire the gun
* Each round must be loaded into the first-stage stowage individually. This massively increases reload times if the stowage is empty
* The gun can only elevate 60 degrees. This is below average for an SPAA vehicle of this tier.
* Rate of fire decreases when your loader is knocked out
* A hit to the turret, even if it doesn't kill the crew, will always result in a destroyed breech due to the sheer amount of space the breech takes up in the turret
* The lack of visible tracers on the HE-VT* and SAPHEI rounds can make correcting your aim difficult against distant targets

== History ==

Development of the OTOMATIC SPAAG began during the mid 1980s as a private venture of the OTO Melara company. The basic concept behind the OTOMATIC was to take the successful 76 mm Super Rapido utility cannon used on naval vessels and fit it to a suitable mobile platform in order to create a long-range SPAA vehicle that would outmatch similar designs such as the German Gepard or British Marksman system. Although a challenging feat, Italian engineers eventually succeeded in this endeavour, creating a vehicle that wasn't only up to the latest technological standards but also perfectly suited, and even exceeded, various NATO requirements of the time. The first prototype of the OTOMATIC was ready for testing in the late 1980s. Intended to be compatible with a large number of NATO vehicles of the time, the OTOMATIC, similarly to the British Marksman system, was tested on several hulls and it was planned to be capable of fitting any NATO tank, including the Leopard 2 and M1 Abrams. However, as the Cold War ended and general interest for SPAAG vehicles began declining in favour of more modern missile systems, the OTOMATIC project never received any interest from potential users. For the Italian army, the project was initially accepted, but later abandoned due to budget cuts.

''- From [[wt:en/news/5943-development-otomatic-spaag-belated-perfection-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=it_otomatic Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

'''Images'''
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:OTOMATIC WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:OTOMATIC WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:OTOMATIC WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:OTOMATIC WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:OTOMATIC WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:OTOMATIC WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|zn2-YsUBRBw|'''Should You Grind The OTOMATIC?''' - ''Sako Sniper''|J9nUjFDdk-E|'''The Shooting Range #131''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:32 discusses the OTOMATIC.|IntAZ778ewQ|'''OTOMATIC - Top Tier Balance - The Gaijin Way''' - ''Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[OF-40 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5943-development-otomatic-spaag-belated-perfection-en|[Devblog] OTOMATIC SPAAG: Belated Perfection]]
* [[wikipedia:Otomatic|[Wikipedia] Otomatic]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/otomatic/ <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> OTOMATIC]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/435771-otomatic-spaag-belated-perfection/ [Forum<nowiki>]</nowiki> Official Forum Thread for the {{PAGENAME}}.]

{{TankManufacturer OTO Melara}}
{{Italy anti-aircraft vehicles}}

Freccia

2023-07-12T14:08:32Z

U3039493: /* Ammo racks */ Filled out the ammo rack tables

{{Specs-Card
|code=it_freccia
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The Freccia IFV, made by Iveco and OTO Melara, was an Italian IFV designed to meet a new requirement from the Italian army for a new modern vehicle that would be able to successfully replace the obsolete fleet of VCC-2 APCs that had been serving in the Italian armed forces for many years. Iveco and OTO Melara would eventually design something closely based on the Centauro family of vehicles, which would end up being known as the Freccia. It would enter service in 2009 and continues to serve today in a multitude of locations where the Italian army is stationed.

Introduced in [[Update "La Royale"]], the main defining feature of the Freccia is the new turret which is able to mount Spike fire-and-forget ATGMs. The main con when playing the Freccia is the big profile, you are very limited in how you can hide this machine. Fighting in close proximity to enemy vehicles is also not the best, the Spikes are mid-to-long range weapons, at close range the Spike cannot effectively lock onto enemy tanks, and for the missile to actually hit the target there has to be some considerable distance between players. This is why playing as a sniper is recommended. The Spike missile can lock onto enemy aircraft too but they need to be very close and flying relatively slowly in comparison to the missile for it to reach the target. Mobility-wise, you will not be lacking on maps with roads, but take note of areas with mud/snow as they will make the Freccia go slower. Armour-wise, the Freccia is actually surprisingly good for an IFV, it can withstand low-level autocannon fire and enemy tank shells if they hit an area of the platform with empty space. Overall the Freccia is a solid addition to any top tier Italian ground forces lineup.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The Freccia is protected against low to medium calibre munitions, frontally is where it's most effective. Enemy artillery can be a danger but if hit close to the vehicle the armour is good enough to protect the crew without issue.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.''

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=852|rbMinHp=486}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|Oerlikon KBA B02 (25 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Oerlikon KBA B02 (25 mm)|25 mm Oerlikon KBA B02]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 400 (100) || rowspan="2" | 560 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+60° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 54.5 || 75.5 || 91.7 || 101.4 || 107.9 || rowspan="2" | 10.40 || rowspan="2" | 9.20 || rowspan="2" | 8.48 || rowspan="2" | 8.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 34.1 || 40.1 || 48.7 || 53.9 || 57.3
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}
* '''M792:''' {{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}
* '''M791:''' {{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}
* '''PMB 090:''' {{Annotation|APFSDS|Armour-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot}}

{{:Oerlikon KBA B02 (25 mm)/Ammunition|HEI-T*, APDS, APFSDS}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''4''' || 3 ''(+1)'' || 2 ''(+2)'' || 1 ''(+3)'' || 0 ''(+4)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Spike-MR}}

''Some tanks are armed with several guns in one or more turrets. Evaluate the additional weaponry and give advice on its use. Describe the ammunition available for additional weaponry. Give advice on about how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage. If there is no additional weaponry remove this subsection.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Spike-MR]] missile || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Capacity (Belt) !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
| 8 (2) || -3°/+20° || - || - || 13.0 || 11.5 || 10.6 || 10.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Spike-MR/Ammunition|Spike-MR}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''4''' || 3 ''(+1)'' || 2 ''(+2)'' || 1 ''(+3)'' || 0 ''(+4)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|4}}

{{main|Beretta MG42/59 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Beretta MG42/59 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Beretta MG42/59]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,200 (200) || 801 || - || -
|-
| Pintle || 1,200 (200) || 801 || -8°/+20° || -45°/+120°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The Freccia IFV can be a very effective stand-off platform that you can use against the enemy team. Unlike other similar IFVs at or above its battle rating, the Freccia is not super effective at closer distances. The best way to play with the Freccia is flanking the enemy team or getting to spots where enemies won't expect to be be engaged from. The armament of the Freccia consists of a singular 25 mm Oerlikon autocannon, able to fire APDS and APFSDS when you research and buy the modification for it. It also has access to 2 x 7.62 mm machine guns, but these aren't really something which sets the Freccia apart from its peers. The main defining weapon system on the Freccia is the Spike-MR fire-and-forget anti-tank guided missiles. This Israeli-made ATGM allows the Freccia to easily dominate in open maps where hard cover is not easily accessible. At the start of matches, you can quickly make your way to spots where incoming enemies are spotted and freely fire your ATGMs even while moving. This strategy allows you to engage and drive away usually before an enemy has enough time to react and engage you. The Spike missile allows the Freccia to be best played as a sniper, for example on the Fields of Poland map the Freccia can set up near the woods on both sides of the map and fire at enemies across the map without much issue. The Spike is not effective at close range due to how the missile is set up to fully function. It requires at least 1-3 seconds of flight time to adjust itself to hit an enemy. At close ranges, the Spike will often not do enough damage and the missile was made to hit enemies at the top of their turrets, where the armour is usually at its weakest.

In terms of armour and survivability, the Freccia is very protected against small to medium calibre munitions: enemy anti-air cannons or IFVs will struggle to penetrate you frontally. If penetration happens you still have some internal modules which can sustain the damage before reaching your crew or munitions. That said, it is advised that you do not play at close range with the Freccia or on maps which aren't open - although you are somewhat protected, an experienced player can easily find weakspots. The Freccia's weakspots include the turret, which due to crew configuration leads to a swift death if one well placed shot hits you. The other weakspot of the Freccia is at the back, where extra Spike ATGMs are stored, if you haven't used up the Spikes it means that if an enemy fires there the missiles will explode and you will be knocked out. However, when missiles aren't present, low calibre won't actually damage you as there's a lot of empty space on the vehicle. This means that rounds will likely just go through the platform and not hinder you in any way.

Mobility-wise, the Freccia is great on road and on maps with sand and snow. Not so good off-road especially without engine modules researched and installed, it's quite slow compared to its peers. It doesn't help that the platform is big which usually makes it harder to hide, so again avoid being at close range. Lastly one big issue with the Freccia is the fact that the Spike's lock-on is very hard to get to work. You cannot get a lock when enemies are behind a rock even if their turret or behind are exposed. In conclusion, the Freccia is a great platform, it has everything classic IFVs would need such as thermal and NV optics, a laser rangefinder, a drone and also a stabilized main cannon.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Mobile platform
* Access to fire-and-forget Spike-MR missiles
* Can fire ATGMs on the move
* Armoured enough to allow it to withstand autocannon fire
* Fast firing 25 mm Oerlikon cannon equipped with APFSDS
* Due to the layout of the vehicle, at times thanks to the empty space enemy rounds will not damage you

'''Cons:'''

* Big profile
* Firing Spike ATGMs requires a lock
* Firing at enemies directly behind is an issue if you need to depress your cannon
* Crew layout in the turret can be a problem as enemies can 1 shot you at times
* Due to being wheeled, sometimes when encountering mud or snow you may not be as mobile

== History ==

The story of the Freccia IFV began during the late stages of the Cold war. The Italian army had always seen a need for well-armed wheeled vehicles, so during the Cold War, OTO Melara assisted by Iveco had been working on many different wheeled designs, mainly made in hopes that the Italian army or foreign armies would put said designs into service. Their main goal was to bridge the gap between conventional IFVs and APCs by combining the two. A few designs were created, the first being the B1 Centauro IFVs (also known as Centauro VBC), which would be armed with either a 60 mm HVMS or a 20/25 mm autocannon with ATGMs, primarily based directly on the pre-existing Centauro series of vehicles. Instead of the usual 105 mm Hitfact turret, the vehicle would be modified to allow infantry on board and the installation of conventional IFV turrets. Although interest had been shown, the market during those times was too diluted with the latest designs, and also due to the overwhelming influx of surplus vehicles from nations such as America, would eventually lead to these vehicles to not get picked up.

This didn't stop OTO Melara or Iveco from continuing to work on a new design, however. Years later, the Italian army had set out a new requirement for a new modern vehicle that would be able to successfully replace the obsolete fleet of VCC-2 APCs that had been serving in the Italian armed forces for many years. They decided to go back to the tried and tested design of the B1 Centauro, but unlike the previous attempts, made sure this time that the vehicle was highly modified and had the ability to remain in service for many years ahead, creating the Freccia IFV. Improvements included better armour, better fire control systems, and the integration of an ATGM launcher. For the very first prototypes of the Freccia, the TC-25 Hitfist turret that equipped the Dardo IFV would be installed, becoming known as [[VBC (PT2)]]. After many tests and the evaluation from the army, that initial design did not stick, likely due to the turret not being very modern, considering it had been designed during the Cold War. Instead, an entirely new turret would be designed from scratch, retaining the same Oerlikon KBA 25 mm automatic cannon but with the option to also include larger calibres such as 30 mm and 40 mm cannons. The new turret was simply named 'Hitfist' (also named Hitfist 25 with 25 mm or Hitfist 30 with 30 mm). The turret structure of the Hitfist would be made of ballistic aluminium alloy with integrated spall liner. In addition, add-on armour was also installed to reach the required ballistic protection level according to STANAG 4569. This turret also had the ability for Spike fire-and-forget ATGMs to be installed, which made the Freccia stand out from its competitors at the time as it wasn't a common occurrence. It gained enough interest for the Italian army to award Iveco and OTO Melara a contract to produce these vehicles for the Italian armed forces.

They were ordered in 2006, first introduced in 2009, and primarily used by the Mechanized Brigade "Pinerolo". The Freccia IFV was the first digitized vehicle to enter service in the Italian army, the Italian government ordered a first batch of 249 Freccia, which would all be delivered by 6 June 2017. The Freccia would also be modified, and would spawn new variants such as Mortar carrier,command post, APC, and scout. In terms of mobility, the Freccia IFV is wheeled, and uses the IVECO Diesel 5HP-1500 V6 engine, which produces 550hp, this allows the vehicle to reach speeds of 110 km/h with an overall range of up to 800 km. Armament-wise, as previously mentioned it is equipped with a 25mm auto cannon, and in its anti-tank variant, it installs the Israeli-made Spike, 2 which would be ready to fire, while another 8 missiles are stowed inside the hull. The scout version of this vehicle removed the ATGMs in favour of launchers for the Italian-made 'Horus' drone mounted on the turret. This drone has primarily been used for scouting, and has also previously been seen on Italian army vehicles, such as the C1 Ariete and B1 Centauro da 120. OTO Melara has also shown off a variant of the Freccia IFV mounting the Hitfist 30 mm OWS, which replaces the old 25 mm turret with an unmanned turret mounting a 30 mm autocannon, and an ATGM launcher which can use Kornet, Spike, and Ingwe ATGMs. This variant has mainly been an option for export, this was further proved when Russia showed an interest in acquiring a multitude of the Centauro family variants, which included the Freccia. When Italy sent over the vehicles, one of the Freccias there mounted the 30 mm. The Italian army at one point showed interest in this version, but ultimately did not pick it. Lastly, in terms of upgrade programs, the Freccia IFV is currently undergoing a mid-life update to its FCS and other electronic equipment. It is also planned in the future for it to install some sort of active protection system to further increase the survival of the crew and vehicle. Overall the vehicle has proved to be very effective and continues to serve in the Italian army, and likely will for many years to come.

=== [[wt:en/news/8287-development-freccia-vbm-the-spike-thrower-en|Devblog]] ===

The Freccia VBM (Veicolo Blindato Medio - "medium armored vehicle") Infantry fighting vehicle was built on the chassis of the Centauro B1 tank destroyer and designed to support these vehicles on the battlefield. The Freccia VBM has a modified Hifist Plus turret, a further development of the Dardo IFV turret. The turret is equipped with a 25-mm Oerlikon cannon, on the sides of the turret are launchers for Israeli-made Spike missiles. The vehicle has been in service with the Italian army since 2009.

== Media ==


;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|cfM5LamuwWY|'''The Shooting Range #359''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:22 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


* [[VBC (PT2)]]
* [[Type 87 RCV]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8287-development-freccia-vbm-the-spike-thrower-en|[Devblog] Freccia VBM: The Spike Thrower]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/modern/Italy/Freccia-IFV.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Freccia IFV]

{{Italy light tanks}}
[[Category:ATGM vehicles]]
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

QN506

2023-05-14T13:35:09Z

U3039493: /* Ammo racks */ Filled out the tables in the ammo racks section.

{{Specs-Card
|code=cn_qn506
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
|market=id50218_qn506_china
}}

== Description ==

The '''QN506''', officially nicknamed the "New King of Land Warfare" (新陆战之王) during the 2018 Zhuhai Airshow, is a defense product based on the [[ZTZ59 (Family)|ZTZ59]]'s chassis with a new 30 mm turret system and missile systems, as well as sporting the latest TVD cameras for the crews of the vehicle. Marketed as a competitor for the Russian BMPT and aimed for urban battles/counter-guerrilla operations, the vehicle has yet to secure orders from overseas customers.

Introduced during [[Update "Sky Guardians"]] as one of the main rewards for the [[wt:en/news/8186-event-repair-factory-en|"Repair Factory" event]], the QN506 is the first to introduce fire-and-forget missiles for ground vehicles. While the protection and mobility are mostly identical to the ZTZ59 which its chassis is based on, the 24 guided munitions and 30 mm cannon can certainly make both aerial and ground targets have a very bad day.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The QN506 is based on the chassis of the [[ZTZ59 (Family)|ZTZ59]] with additional ERA and rubber side skirts. To fit the new combat compartment, the QN506 has a heightened compartment with additional 30 mm plates, as well as sporting a ZPT99G turret in the center of the hull. Unlike what most players would have expected, the combat compartment is isolated from the crew compartment (that is, the turret is unmanned), so any shots on the turret will very likely disable the guns or the turret system altogether but the crew is very likely left unharmed. Since they are now placed at the front in a tandem configuration (with the driver slightly offset from the remaining crew), any shots for the centre mass will likely knock the vehicle out right away.

The flat frontal plate and the fragile unmanned turret are huge weak spots that can get penetrated by autocannons and disable QN506 to fight back. The ERAs on the upper glacis could help QN506 survive a few shots from HEATFS, yet it's still far from capable to stop any tandem ATGM or large-calibre APFSDS around its BR from killing the whole crew. The ATGM launchers mounted on each side of its unmanned turret are vulnerable to overpressure damage. Sometimes, a dozen of rounds from autocannon could detonate the launchers or ignite the ammo belts, roasting your whole crew within a few dozen seconds.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, turret, underbody)
* High hardness rolled armour (additional armour plates, missile racks)
* ERA (hull front)
* Rubber-fabric screens (side skirts)
* Structural steel (slat armour)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 30 + 10 mm (29°) ''Top'' 100 mm (60°) ''Upper glacis'' 100 + 15 mm (48-61°) ''Lower glacis''
| 30 mm ''Top'' 80 mm ''Bottom'' || 30 mm ''Top'' 45 mm ''Bottom''
| 30 mm ''Front'' 20 mm ''Rear''
|-
| Turret || 25.4 mm 25.4 mm ''Gun mantlet'' 25.4 + 10 mm (26°) ''Turret ring'' || 25.4 mm 25.4 + 10 mm (26°) ''Turret ring'' || 25.4 mm 25.4 + 10 mm (26°) ''Turret ring'' || 25.4 mm
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable"
! Explosive reactive armour !! Front (Slope angle)
|-
| Hull ||'''Upper glacis(62°, 66°):''' 120 mm ''Kinetic''/ 370 mm ''Chemical''
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 10 mm thick, and tracks are 15 mm thick.
* Side skirts are 5 mm thick, and the underbody is 20 mm thick.
* Additional armour plates are 10 mm thick.
* There is a 30 mm internal RHA screen separating the crew compartment from the middle of the hull.
* The middle of the lower glacis (about 1/3) is covered by an attached track, adding an additional 15 mm of armour.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

The QN506 retains the 12V150L engine identical to the [[ZTZ59 (Family)|ZTZ59]]s; most tanks at its rank have at least 800 hp which also means QN506 will not be the first one to reach the frontline and makes it challenging to flank enemies effectively. Its reverse speed and turning rate are also far from acceptable.

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=806|rbMinHp=460}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|ZPZ02 (30 mm)}}

China introduced the 2A72 alongside the turret of the BMP-3 in 1993, and reverse-engineering was completed by the late 1990s. The standalone gun was named ZPZ02 while the lightweight turret housing this gun is named ZPT99 instead, a special case among PLA naming conventions. Unlike its Russian counterpart, NORINCO developed APFSDS for the gun, giving more options and better odds of penetrating enemy targets.

The QN506 can only bring 2 belts of ammo in total into the battle. Each belt contains 100 rounds, and the ammo type of those two must be different (except the default one). These features force players to conserve their ammo and use it wisely.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[ZPZ02 (30 mm)|30 mm ZPZ02]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 200 (100) || rowspan="2" | 330 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+52° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 38.1 || 52.7 || 64.0 || 70.8 || 75.3 || rowspan="2" | 1.30 || rowspan="2" | 1.15 || rowspan="2" | 1.06 || rowspan="2" | 1.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 23.8|| 28.0 || 32.8 || 37.1 || 40.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary (self-destroying)}} - You may bring 2 belts of this ammo, unlike the others. Unfortunately, half the rounds in this belt are pretty useless against both tanks and planes, while the 30 mm HEF-I doesn't have proximity fuse. It is suggested to research other more useful ammo as soon as possible.

* '''30 mm HE:''' {{Annotation|HEF-I*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary (self-destroying)}} - This ammo type focuses on AA role as it contains more HEF-I compared to the default one. However, the absence of proximity fuse and relatively low amount of projectile density decrease its performance.

* '''30 mm APDS:''' {{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}} - This one is a full APDS belt which may do decent damage against lightly-armoured vehicles. However, its performance dramatically decreases by sloped armour and the enemy's angling tactic. Hence, you have to aim at the flat side of the enemy MBTs or it won't do much damage.

* '''30 mm APDS-FS:''' {{Annotation|APFSDS|Armour-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APFSDS|Armour-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APFSDS|Armour-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot}} - This one is a full APFSDS belt with the best performance of penetration. This belt has around 100 mm of penetration at point blank and can go through the side armour of most vehicles it may confront. Note that most MBTs around this BR still have sufficient thickness of lower glacis armour to stop the rounds. Aim at the breech and barrel of enemy MBTs when you can't catch their sides.

{{:ZPZ02 (30 mm)/Ammunition|HEF-I*, APDS, APFSDS}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''2''' || 1 ''(+1)'' || 0 ''(+2)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|QN201DD}}

The 20 smaller tubes on the launcher are laser-guided QN201DD missiles. This armament is considered the secondary gun of the QN506. Marketed as a "multipurpose economical missile" by Guide Infrared, it might not have the penetration to handle MBTs at its rank with ERA or composite armour, but 20 of them are more than enough to take out light vehicles straight away or MBTs from the sides or sometimes the lower glacis. Awkwardly, the QN201DD can be disrupted by IRCM, so you might have to destroy the enemy IRCM with your autocannon before launching QN201DDs.

Besides the anti-tank role, this ATGM is also capable to act as a makeshift surface-to-air missile. It has a 4 km of effective firing range and 450 m/s of peak speed. Unlike SACLOS missiles, the QN201DD has an acceptable turning rate and flies very stably. With the tracking radar and proper guidance, it may get a direct hit on careless helicopters and jets. Still, it's not an orthodox SAM which usually has a proximity fuse or decent maximum overload. You cannot guide multiple QN201DDs at once or launch it on the move, either.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[QN201DD]] missile
|-
! Capacity (Belt) !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
|-
| 20 (20) || - || - || -
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:QN201DD/Ammunition|QN201DD}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''1''' || 0 ''(+1)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|QN502CDD}}

The 4 larger tubes on the missile launcher box house the fire-and-forget QN502CDD missiles with a tandem warhead. This armament is considered the special gun of the QN506. QN502CDD is a fire-and-forget missile with lock-on before launch and automatic self-guidance and can be fired whilst in motion. It takes a top attack flight profile against the target with some distance and will fly directly toward the nearby one. Not only can their 1,000 mm penetration easily destroy enemy ground vehicles hit behind cover thanks to its unique trajectory, but the missile can also lock onto aerial targets from some distance - the missile will very likely take them out if the target is unaware of the missile flying straight to them. This lethal weapon allows the QN506 to deal with multiple enemies at the same time or catch those far-away charging light targets who focus on capturing points or arriving at sniping spots. Unlike the ordinary IF missile, the QN502CDD is quite resistant to flares and HIRSS. It can also lock the target in an instant within 8 km of effective range without triggering MAW or LWS.

Despite its brilliant firepower, the QN502CDD is quite challenging to use in practice. The awful -5° depression angle dramatically limits its usage as an ATGM carrier. It requires more than half the body of the enemy vehicle exposed in your gunner's sight to get a successful lock, which is rare in most situations. It also has a slow peak speed of 205 m/s and mediocre tracking that most enemy helicopters with proper vigilance can easily evade with a roll. Besides, since you cannot decide which place the missile should hit, you might have to spam them when you accidentally have a close-quarters battle with the enemy MBTs and pray they will hit the right spot and neutralize your enemy.

When fighting in hilly maps, it's suggested that you should raise your gun a bit before launching the QN502CDD, or it might crash into obstacles before its climbing stage. The lock will remain as it is inside a 90° arc from your gun sight.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[QN502CDD]] missile
|-
! Capacity (Belt) !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
|-
| 4 (4) || - || - || -
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:QN502CDD/Ammunition|QN502CDD}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''1''' || 0 ''(+1)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|4}}

{{main|Type 86 (7.62 mm)}}

The 7.62 mm MG is only effective against light vehicles with open compartments. It takes an awkward position since every else armament on this vehicle can do a better job than it in all aspects, so it will only be useful when you want to conserve your valuable ammo. It can still be used to ping targets or to destroy minor obstacles blocking your line of sight.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type 86 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Type 86]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,000 (250) || 700 || - || -
|-
|}

=== Radar ===
As a light tank, the QN506 uses an electro-optical targeting system to help it fight aerial targets. This equipment won't trigger the LWS of the locked hostile aircraft, increasing the anti-air capability of the QN506 to both guide the QN201DD and fire your autocannon with accurate leading. However, you still have to manually find aerial targets due to the absence of a search radar.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="5" | Electro-Optical Target Tracking Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum target speed|The minimum speed a target must be moving, relative to the radar, in order to be tracked by the radar}}
|-
| 8,000 m || __ m || ±__ || -__°/+__° || __ m/s (__ km/h)
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

As a Chinese light tank, the QN506 carries many lethal weapons to use in battles. The QN506 is a great predator to slay light vehicles and helicopters. However, you're also very vulnerable to enemy firepower due to your fragile turret and volatile ATGM launchers. Besides, the QN506 lacks any efficient measure to kill a MBT from the front except for its uncontrollable QN502CDD missiles. Far from the expectation of many players, the QN506 doesn't have advantage in hilly maps. The top-attacking QN502CDD can't lock the enemy with a tiny part of the vehicle exposed. The underperforming engine and mediocre depression also limit its capability to flank and manoeuvre across the maps.

With the electro-optical targeting system, the QN506 is capable of shooting down helicopters and careless jets with its powerful weapons. However, all of its armaments lack the proximity fuse to be a professional SPAA. On occasion, you may use QN502CDD to hunt helicopters when they sneak attack your team and immediately hide behind hills.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 4 fire-and-forget IR missiles have high penetration (1000mm) and long range
* 20 beam-riding missiles for taking out enemy targets from the sides
* High-definition TVD cameras and retractable CITV
* Opto-electronic tracker for taking out aerial targets
* Sufficiently fast turret traverse speed

'''Cons:'''

* Rather low mobility as a light tank at its rank
* Insufficient protection against common rounds at its rank
* Relatively huge as a "light tank"
* QN201DD has insufficient penetration for targets with composite armour/ERA
* Low RoF for the autocannon
* Slow -7km/h reverse speed and poor -5° gun depression

== History ==

The story of how an opto-electronical equipment manufacturer entered the arms trade sector (the first listed private-sector company to do so) traces back to Huang Li (黄立), who quit his position from Hubei Electricity Experiment Institute (湖北省电力试验研究所) in 1999 and had established Guide Infrared with his savings less than a year before. His company was quite involved in the SARS pandemic due to the dramatic rise in demand of thermometers: although he found French thermal sensors very effective, US sanctions on such sensors to Mainland China were issued in 2008, so the company invested billions of CNY to develop domestic thermal sensors and the company overcame this challenge by the late-2010s. Meanwhile, Guide Infrared also earned the certificate to research and manufacture ordnance in 2014 and established a missile institute in 2017; they also acquired a factory with non-lethal munition product line and started research on complete weapon systems. <ref>https://user.guancha.cn/main/content?id=834173</ref>

During the 2018 Zhuhai Airshow, there was an uncommon product in the Guide Military (subsidy of Wuhan Guide Infrared 武汉高德红外股份有限公司) showroom - a vehicle with 24 visible missiles onboard and sporting a 30 mm autocannon on a ZTZ59 chassis. As the visitors took a closer look to this vehicle, the name "QN506" and "New King of Land Warfare" (新陆战之王) came into the eyes of observers.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=cn_qn506 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8183-development-repair-factory-qn506-en|[Devblog] Repair Factory: QN506]]

=== References ===
<references />

{{China light tanks}}
[[Category:ATGM vehicles]]

F-104G (Italy)

2023-05-06T01:22:27Z

U3039493: /* Usage in battles */ removed a few words. The F 104S has access to flares now.

{{Specs-Card
|code=f-104g_italy
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The first F-104G to be delivered to Italy was on March 3, 1961, built by Lockheed and was later disassembled and studied for production in Italy. 105 units were then produced under license in Italy, and they were used as interceptor aircraft, armed with AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles, and in some departments were used as fighter-bombers. After the continued use of the F-104G, an updated version was requested that would become the [[F-104S]] produced by Aeritalia. At the end of their service, the various Italian F-104s would become monuments and kept in museums.

Introduced in [[Update "Direct Hit"]], the F-104G is not very manoeuvrable but in return has great acceleration and speed so should be used more as a boom-and-zoom fighter with the 20 mm cannon and the AIM-9J missiles. Thanks to its acceleration, you can quickly climb to high altitudes or chase enemy aircraft, but never turn-fight because it will rarely find success. For the defence of the aircraft you can count on the Chaff and Flares to avoid IR and semi-active radar missiles.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 15,240 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,341 || 2,315 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 34.5 || 35.1 || 230.3 || 222.2 || rowspan="2" | 850
|-
! Upgraded
| 2,433 || 2,387 || 33.5 || 34.0 || 292.1 || 260.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,527  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 827 || 444 || ~12 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 720 || < 950 || < 800 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | General Electric J79-GE-11 || 1
| colspan="2" | 6,552 kg || colspan="3" | 532 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 35m fuel
|-
| 1,615 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
| 7,344 kg || 8,057 kg || 8,809 kg || 9,194 kg || 24,000 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 35m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 4,128 kgf || 6,357 kgf
| 0.87 || 0.79 || 0.72 || 0.69 || 0.26
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 4,128 kgf (0 km/h) || 8,391 kgf (1,200 km/h)
| 1.14 || 1.04 || 0.95 || 0.91 || 0.35
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


The F-104G has no armour; be it in the form of armour plates or armoured glass. Fuel tanks are self-sealing, which is pretty much a standard feature at this rank. The F-104G also has access to countermeasures as a tier I modification (unlike the [[F-104G (China)|Chinese F-104G]]).

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Cross}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M61A1 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** 1 x 20 mm M61A1 cannon, chin-mounted (750 rpg)
** 1 x 20 mm M61A1 cannon + 60 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|LDGP Mk 82 (500 lb)|M117 cone 45 (750 lb)|LDGP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)|LDGP Mk 84 (2,000 lb)|BLU-1 incendiary}}
{{main|AIM-9B Sidewinder|AIM-9J Sidewinder|FFAR Mighty Mouse|Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance presets:

* Without load
* 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 2 x AIM-9J Sidewinder missiles
* 38 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 8 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets
* 3 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (1,500 lb total)
* 3 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (2,250 lb total)
* 3 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (3,000 lb total)
* 1 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bomb (2,000 lb total)
* 3 x BLU-1 incendiary bombs

==== Custom loadout options ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="9%" | 1 !! width="9%" | 2 !! width="9%" | 3 !! width="9%" | 4 !! width="9%" | 5
| rowspan="11" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_F-104C.png]]</div>
|-
! 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bombs
| || || 1 || ||
|-
! BLU-1 incendiary bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
| || 19 || || 19 ||
|-
! Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets
| || 4 || || 4 ||
|-
! AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
| 1 || || || || 1
|-
! AIM-9J Sidewinder missiles
| 1 || || || || 1
|-
| colspan="6" | Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 500 kg
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

F-104G is a hit-and-run type of airplane, for the simple fact that the wings of this airplane are very small, and this means the aircraft has little manoeuvrability. Its strong point is its engine that makes it very fast and gives it a thrust of 4,530 kgf while with afterburner 6,360 kgf, this makes it capable of regaining speed very quickly after a manoeuvre.

The Italian F-104G carries chaff and flares so players also have the possibility to defend from both IR and Radar missile threats. When using flares, do not continue going straight and instead try to manoeuvre so the missile loses track of the F-104G's engine exhaust and focuses on the flares.

Recommended payloads:

* 2x AIM-9J for air battles
* 1x 2000 lb, 2x 1000 lb, AIM-9J for mixed battles to shoot down planes and destroy tanks with the bombs tanks

'''Air RB:'''

As soon as taking off, players can use two tactics with the F-104G. The first tactic is to go head-on at low altitude against enemy jets. The second tactic is to flank around the map and attack the enemy from behind.

'''Ground RB:'''

When using the F-104G, remember to stay at lower altitude to avoid enemy anti-aircraft from locking on, then go out and launch the bombs or rockets that was brought into the battle against the enemy. After expending all the payload against the enemy, return to the base and come back for another round of attack runs. If bringing anti-air missiles, the F-104G can also loiter and help maintain air superiority by shooting down enemy aircraft that appear.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great top speed and acceleration
* Great rate of climb
* Good roll rate
* Powerful M61 Vulcan cannon with a very high fire rate, great ballistics and high damage
* Wide selection of secondary ordnance; much better than early F-104s
* Access to two potent AIM-9J sidewinder air-to-air missiles
* Access to 60 chaff/flare countermeasures

'''Cons:'''

* Very poor overall manoeuvrability and terrible low-speed manoeuvrability
* Bleeds energy quickly in sustained turn fights
* Only 750 rounds of cannon ammo; with such a high rate of fire, trigger discipline is a must
* Large turning radius due to small wing surface and high speed
* High takeoff and landing speeds

== History ==


The story of the Italian F-104G originally began in America. In February of 1954 at the Lockheed facilities in America, the first 2 prototypes of the F-104 would take flight for the first time. America was looking to develop a new aircraft to combat the Soviet's new age of supersonic jet fighters. The aircraft would incorporate the smallest possible airframe with the most technologically advanced turbojet at the time, to create the base of what would become the F-104. Although the program would have some minor setbacks, such as the intended engine not being available during the beginning, development would continue and would lead to the first variant of the F-104, the F-104A. From the base variant of the F-104 many variants would begin to be developed, such as the F-104C, the F-104S and in this case, the F-104G.
[[File:F-104G MM.6546 Ferrari .png|thumb|'''''F-104G (MM.6546) for the Ferrari competition''''']]
The main differences of the G variant compared to the others would be a reinforced airframe, larger vertical stabilizer, updated turbofans, and improved electronics. Due to these changes, the F-104G would be known as the "definitive" variant of the Starfighter. The G would first take flight on October of 1960, it would initially be built for the German Luftwaffe as at the time they were looking for a fast aircraft which would be able to deliver nuclear payloads, however that didn't stop it from generating enough interest to be exported and licence-produced in many countries, such as in Italy. The aircraft's licensing was handled by multiple manufacturers, notably Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm (MBB), FIAT Aviazione, Fokker, and Sociétés Anonyme Belge de Constructions Aéronautiques (SABCA).
[[File:F-104G 4°Stormo.png|thumb|'''''F-104G of the 4°Stormo''''']]
The first aircraft (MM 6501) was delivered to Italy on March 3rd of 1961. It was built by Lockheed, however after being transferred to Italy it was dismantled and used as a model for the construction under license of the 105 units ordered by the Italian Air Force. Aeritalia ended up producing a total of 230 Starfighters in different versions, of which 124 would be made for the Italian Air Force. The F-104G in Italian service was mainly used as an all-weather interceptor armed with AIM-9B Sidewinder infrared guided air-to-air missiles. Other departments instead used the F-104G as a conventional or strike fighter-bomber. The F-104G would eventually be replaced in these roles by the "Tornado IDS", the F-104Gs were concentrated at the 3rd Aerobrigata (later 3rd Stormo) which already used the RF-104G reconnaissance variant. A unit of F/RF-104G of the 3rd Wing took part in the 1991 Gulf War, operating from the Turkish base of Incirlik. Most of the F-104G's would be turned into static displays or kept in museums, for example one resides in Vigna di Valle Airforce museum, this one was the first entirely Italian-built F-104G which first flew on the 5th October of 1962.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=f-104g_italy Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


* [[F-104 (Family)]]
** [[F-104S]]

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Fiat}}
{{Italy jet aircraft}}

User:U3039493

2023-03-28T15:32:17Z

U3039493: Created page with "I created a wiki page for myself because that's apparently a thing I can do."

I created a wiki page for myself because that's apparently a thing I can do.

Tornado IDS (1995) (Italy)

2023-03-28T15:18:51Z

U3039493: /* Flight performance */ re-added upgraded flight performance values to table and 4x 1000lb bomb to suspended weaponry preset list

{{About
| about = strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Tornado (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=tornado_ids_it_mod95
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The Panavia Tornado is a two-seat, twin-engine, swing-wing, multi-role combat aircraft built jointly by Germany, the United Kingdom, and Italy. This version is the Tornado Interdiction/Strike or IDS, and was intended as a low-flying fighter bomber armed with precision weapons.

The one inside of the Italian tree added in [[Update "Apex Predators"|"Apex Predators" update]] is similar to other Tornados in the game, only really differing in the skin and markings. The Tornado can be an effective air support provider, mainly thanks to it having access to a wide array of armaments which include guided and unguided bombs. It does lack in the air to air department so do keep that in mind when playing the Tornado.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 10,972 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,993 || 1,989 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs | ceiling}} || 31.4 || 31.5 || 154.1 || 151.8 || rowspan="2" | 800
|-
! Upgraded
| 2,038 || 2,005 || 30.6 || 31.0 || 203.3 || 177.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || ___ || ___ || ___ || ~__ || ~__
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
|< 670||< 650||< 700||N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Turbo-Union RB199-34R Mk.103 || 2
| colspan="3" | 14,299 kg || colspan="3" | ___ kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 16m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 56m fuel
|-
| 968 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning low-bypass turbofan
| 15,826 kg || 16,113 kg || 17,019 kg || 18,379 kg || 19,389 kg || 25,900 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 16m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 56m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 3,777 kgf || 7,293 kgf
| 0.92 || 0.91 || 0.86 || 0.79 || 0.75 || 0.56
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 4,192 kgf (1,400 km/h) || 8,155 kgf (1,400 km/h)
| 1.03 || 1.01 || 0.96 || 0.89 || 0.84 || 0.63
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The Tornado has no armour to speak of and is relatively large, making it an easy target for enemy guns. Almost any hit to the center part of the Tornado will leave its speed crippled, while any hit to the wings and tail will most likely cripple flight performance, if not disabling the aircraft outright. Although it could in theory make its way back to base even with only one engine, any enemy attention during this timespan will most likely get you sent back to the hangar. It also has 2 pilots, which means that you can continue flying in the unlikely case that only 1 pilot is knocked out.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Mauser BK27 (27 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 27 mm Mauser BK27 cannons, chin-mounted (180 rpg = 360 total)#

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|LDGP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)|GBU-16 Paveway II (1,092 lb)|GBU-24 Paveway III (2,000 lb)|AIM-9L Sidewinder}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance presets:

* 2 x 1,500 l drop tanks
* 56 x large calibre countermeasures
* 2 x AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 7 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (7,000 lb total)
* 12 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (12,000 lb total)
* 4 x 1,092 lb GBU-16 Paveway II bombs (4,368 lb total)
* 1 x 2,000 lb GBU-24 Paveway III bomb (2,000 lb total)

==== Custom loadout options ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="4.8%" | 1 !! width="4.8%" | 2 !! width="4.8%" | 3 !! width="4.8%" | 4 !! width="4.8%" | 5 !! width="4.8%" | 6 !! width="4.8%" | 7 !! width="4.8%" | 8 !! width="4.8%" | 9 !! width="4.8%" | 10 !! width="4.8%" | 11
| rowspan="8" width="25%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_Tornado_GR.1.png]]</div>
|-
! 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs
| || || 1, 2 || 1, 2‡ || 1, 2‡ * || 1*‡ || 1, 2‡ || 1, 2‡ || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! 1,092 lb GBU-16 Paveway II bombs
| || || 1† || 1*† || || 1†‡ || || || 1† || ||
|-
! 2,000 lb GBU-24 Paveway III bombs
| || || || 1*†‡ || || || || || || ||
|-
! AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles
| || 1 || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! Large calibre countermeasures
| 28 || || || || || || || || || || 28
|-
! CLDP
| || || || || || || || 1† || || ||
|-
! 1,500 l drop tanks
| || || 1 || || || || || || 1 || ||
|-
| colspan="13" | * Guided bombs on hardpoint 4 cannot be equipped with 1,000 lb bombs on hardpoints 5-6 † CLDP targeting pod must be equipped when using guided bombs ‡ Bombs on hardpoint 6 cannot be equipped with dual bomb mounts on hardpoints 4-8 or GBU-24 on hardpoint 4
|}

== Usage in battles ==

There are multiple ways to use the Tornado in ARB, one tactic is to stick to the team and try and give support with your AIM-9Ls on your way to the enemy bases and/or ground targets. This gives you the advantage of team cover and a bit of safety, although you will undoubtedly be in the midst of battle once enemy interceptors and fighters reach your team. The other tactic would be to go full throttle directly to the enemy bases while keeping extremely low to the ground to decrease your chances of being spotted visually or by radar. While this leaves you mostly alone and isolated from the possible support of your team, you will be able to take a more direct route to your main target, meaning you'll be able to evade any slower or unsuspecting enemies. Taking an active role in air-to-air combat is not advised, as the Tornado's flight performance is not suited to it and you'll most likely be shot down very quickly. So keep in mind that although the Tornado is fast, its not very manoeuvrable at high speed so try to avoid faster enemies such as the [[F-16 (Family)|F-16]] or the [[F-14A Early|F-14]]. In the case of 1-to-1 confrontation the best option is to simply hope you are faster and run away, against capable fighters like the MiG-23, F-16, MiG-29, Viggen, F-14, and Mirage 2000 you don't stand a chance, unless the enemy pilot is extremely inexperienced. With countermeasures you are able to survive for longer if you can time their use and can dodge without losing too much of your speed. In GRB you can easily pick off enemy SPAA once you have unlocked your laser guided bombs, so try to fly as high as possibile. If you only have dumb bombs you're going to need to stick to the ground as much as possibile to avoid enemy AA, you can't linger too much on the battlefield or else the enemy team will begin to prioratise you as a target. You also need to be very weary of what type of enemy air has been spawned in, if you focus too much on ground vehicles you become easy pickings for any enemy aircraft which can take advantage of you not realising they're there. In conclusion, play a reserved role and only engage when you think its clear.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Variable sweep wing
* Large payload
* Advanced weapons
* Supersonic

'''Cons:'''

* Can struggle in air-to-air combat
* High fuel consumption
* Bombs severely limit its maximum speed to about Mach 1.05
* No search radar

== History ==

The Panavia Tornado was born out of a joint effort by Italy, Germany and the United Kingdom during the late cold war in the 1970's. The Tornado would be designed as a twin-engined, variable-swept wing aircraft with a two-person crew an internal gun and provisions for a wide array of armament which included guided/unguided bombs, mine launchers, rockets, air to air missiles and air to ground missiles. The aircraft was also armed with 2 German made 27mm Mauser BK-27 revolver cannon which was able to make short work of pretty much any aircraft it had in its sights, with the right munition it was also capable of taking out lightly armoured vehicles such as the BMP-1. The Panavia Tornado was primarily made to undertake missions which included tactical strike, reconnaissance, air defence and maritime patrol. What they aimed when making the design was an aircraft which could be very multi-role, ot would allow the Panavia Tornado to replace several different types of aircraft which were at the time in service with the respected countries. The main variants which were designed included the IDS which was mainly a strike-fighter, the ADV which was the Air Defence Variant and lastly the ECR, which was mainly created to carry out recon and SEAD missions. In terms speed the Tornado could go up to 2400km per hour, its engine being known as the Turbo-Union RB199-34R Mk.103. After several proposals and design changes, the first prototype of the Panavia Tornado would fly on the 14th of August, 1974. The prototype would further solidify the partnership as when it was being demonstrated, a lot of positive comments would be made. Thus development would continue smoothly with the first aircraft being officially delivered to the RAF (Royal Air Force) and the German Air Force on 5 and 6 June 1979 respectively.

Italy on the other hand would get their hands on the Panavia Tornado a couple years later on the 25th September, 1981. It wouldn't take long before it would actually begin to face actual combat missions, although it wouldn't be facing any Warsaw Pact enemies as previously envisioned. Its first combat missions would happen during the second Gulf War by the British, Italian and Saudi Arabian air forces. This would be later followed by missions in the Yugoslavian and Kosovo wars. In terms of service within the Italian air force, Italian Tornados would be the first aircraft that Italy actually fully used in full scale combat since the end of WW2.

Their more famous usage would be during Operazione Locusta, and would also be the first time since the end of WW2 that an Italian Air Force fighter would be shot down. During Operazione Locusta (the code name given to the contribution of the Italian Air Force during the Gulf War) Italian Tornados would be sent to Kuwait in 1990 by the Italian Government. In total 8 Panavia Tornados in the IDS variant would be sent. These Tornados would be from the 6º, 36º and 50º Stormo, their mission was to fly into Iraq from Kuwait and drop bombs unto Iraqi controlled territory. The Tornado squadron would form the <nowiki>''</nowiki>Autonomous Flight Department of the Italian Air Force in the Arabian Peninsula<nowiki>''</nowiki>. During the time they were deployed the Italian airforce would rack up to 589 flight hours and would complete 226 sorties into Iraqi airspace in just 42 days of war. After the war they'd return to Italy and be used in other conflicts, the Italian air force Tornados are still in service as of 2023, mainly thanks to several different extensive upgrade programs which extended the life of those aircraft up to 2035, where they will likely be replaced by the F-35.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=tornado_ids_it_mod95 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;[[Tornado (Family)|Related development]]

* [[Tornado IDS ASSTA1 (Germany)]]
* [[Tornado GR.1]]
* [[Tornado IDS (Germany)]]

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/485805-panavia-tornado/
* https://www.aircraftrecognitionguide.com/panavia-tornado

{{AirManufacturer Panavia}}
{{Italy jet aircraft}}

VBC (PT2)

2023-03-28T15:13:13Z

U3039493: /* Devblog */ removed a broken devblog link. the rest are still there

{{Specs-Card
|code=it_vbc_pt2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Danger Zone"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


The VBC (PT2) has enough armour to protect it against heavy machine gun fire and low level autocannon fire. Due to this, it is quite well suited to facing other lightly armoured vehicles and will be able to take a beating as long as it's not hit in any important modules. However, the machine will not be able to withstand high-calibre rounds such as APFSDS or HEAT shot by MBTs. It is advised that you keep in mind what type of damage an enemy can do to you when facing each other, make the most out of your armour when possible but don't completely rely on it for every engagement.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 72 mm || 15 mm ''Top'' 30 mm ''Bottom'' || 30-50 mm || 10-15 mm
|-
| Turret || 25-40 mm ''Turret front'' 22 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 40-6 mm || 40 mm || 25-40 mm
|-
| Cupola || 40 mm || 40 mm || 40 mm || 25 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

The VBC is equipped with a powerful 520 hp engine that is capable of taking this vehicle to a top speed of 110 km/h. Should it need to back out, it has a 40 km/h reverse gear available, which is very effective if it is an emergency. Thanks to its six steerable wheels, it can change direction quickly, accurately and effectively without bothering the aiming. The wheels and excellent suspension ensure that the VBC can operate smoothly on all surfaces.

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=806|rbMinHp=460}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Oerlikon KBA B02 (25 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Oerlikon KBA B02 (25 mm)|25 mm Oerlikon KBA B02]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 400 (100) || rowspan="2" | 560 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+60° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 54.5 || 75.5 || 91.7 || 101.4 || 107.9 || rowspan="2" | 10.40 || rowspan="2" | 9.20 || rowspan="2" | 8.48 || rowspan="2" | 8.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 34.1 || 40.1 || 48.7 || 53.9 || 57.3
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}
* '''M792:''' {{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}
* '''M791:''' {{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}
* '''PMB 090:''' {{Annotation|APFSDS|Armour-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot}}

{{:Oerlikon KBA B02 (25 mm)/Ammunition|APDS, HEI-T*, APFSDS}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''4''' || 3 ''(+1)'' || 2 ''(+2)'' || 1 ''(+3)'' || ''0(+4)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|Beretta MG42/59 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Beretta MG42/59 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Beretta MG42/59]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 4,600 (200) || 801 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Pintle || 2,000 (200) || 801 || -8°/+20° || -160°/+60°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The VBC PT2 incorporates the playstyle of the Centauros and the Dardo IFVs, so it's best to play this vehicle as a support to your more armoured allies. The VBC is wheeled meaning that whenever it finds a road it's able to go at much higher speeds compared to many other vehicles at the battle rating. It is best to stick with allies when possible if you are planning to fight enemies head-on. The VBC at times can be used effectively in urban combat. If you pick a side street to set up, when the enemy goes past hopefully without seeing you, you will be able to hit them in the side with your main 25 mm cannon. By doing this you can become quite the annoyance to the enemy team as there's not much they can do to stop you. If you've been spotted however you will need to move as quickly as possible. The VBC, although being fast, is not very survivable. Its armour is only good against machine gun fire and low level autocannon fire. An enemy MBT will make short work of you. One of the many weaknesses of the VBC is the fact that it also has a big profile which usually means hiding is not possible at times.

When playing stock as the VBC PT2, it might be hard to earn points, you can still however be useful by actively scouting enemy players and attacking enemy aircraft, which the 25 mm cannon is more than able to do. The VBC can also work well late game when capturing points is essential to getting the victory, make the most out of its mobility. Once you research the important modifications for this vehicle (APFSDS and Thermals), your offensive capabilities are greatly improved. The VBC has a 25 mm Oerlikon-Buhrle cannon, which is able to use APDS and APFSDS. The stock round for the 25 mm cannon is not too good at dealing with enemies but once the APFSDS round is unlocked, the VBC PT2 can easily make short work of MBTs and light vehicles frontally or from the sides. Sadly, unlike the VCC-80 'Dardo', the VBC doesn't have ATGMs so keep that in mind if more armoured foes present themselves. Other neat additions that will greatly aid you is the VBC's thermal imaging device made by Kollsman. Although only available for the gunner, it is a great asset that you'll be able to use once unlocked to easily pick out and spot enemies. In terms of defence systems, it has access to smoke dischargers, which at times can prove to be very useful. Another system the VBC PT2 has is a laser warning receiver which will alert you when an enemy vehicle is lasing you, such as when laser rangefinding or guiding laser-guided missiles.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fast-firing 25 mm cannon
* Potent sub-calibre rounds
* Superb mobility
* Light protection against HMGs and low-level autocannon fire

'''Cons:'''

* Weak against high calibre projectiles
* Not the best off-road mobility
* High profile

== History ==


The history of the OTO Melara/Iveco VBC begins during the late stages of the Cold War. In 1995, shortly after the development of the B1 Centauro tank destroyer made by OTO Melara and Iveco, Italy would begin to show interest in what they could do to the design of the Centauro to allow it to be used for different roles and scenarios. This was partially due to Italy finally being somewhat independent in its military industrial complex, which allowed more homegrown designs to be put into service. Whilst the Cold War had been raging on, Italy had begun to rapidly re-arm itself mainly due to the post WW2 laws no longer being in effect, and Italian companies such as OTO Melara became able to continue work on military projects.

As the B1 Centauro was being produced, the Ministry of Defense would green-light a set of programs that would aim to modify and equip the Centauro with many different weapon systems to fit different roles which would make it more versatile. One of them would be named "VBC", standing for "Veicolo Blindato da Combatimento" (armoured vehicle for combat in English). The first vehicles which came out of the VBC program would firstly only have slightly modified B1 Centauro hulls, one would go on to mount the OTO TC 20 turret, it was armed with an automatic 20 mm Rheinmetall Rh202 cannon, at the time the turret was installed on the Fiat 6616. Another variant would install what was known at the time as the OTO TC 25 Hitfist turret, this was armed with an Oerlikon KBA 25 mm automatic cannon. This turret was already installed on the VCC-80 'Dardo' infantry fighting vehicles. These vehicles would be shown extensively during military vehicle expos but ultimately did not generate any interest so a different design would be made in hopes for it to be picked up. The next vehicle which was also known as the VBC under that program would instead have a heavily modified hull, the main changes would be the introduction of a proper space for infantry to be carried at the back of the vehicle and the new weapon system known as the OTO 60 mm HVMS. This sadly would not be picked up and development would begin to slow down.

Fast forward to the early/mid 2000s, and OTO Melara alongside Iveco would showcase a new prototype of IFV which would also be known as the VBC. This would be the second prototype which would use a lot of the technical know-how gained during the early stages of the program. The main differences would be an entirely new hull, and it only shared a few things to the hull it was based off. The crew compartment would be remade to allow for more room, the protection of the vehicle also increased. In terms of speed, it got a new engine and was able to go over speeds of 105 km/h on roads. Off-road it still held its own but naturally being wheeled meant that it had a harder time compared to its tracked counterparts. The vehicle would be much taller and wider than a standard B1 Centauro, it would fitted with the latest technology but for testing purposes, OTO Melara opted to arm the prototype with the OTO TC 25 Hitfist turret which was still used by the VCC-80 'Dardo'. The turret was the exact same for the most part, for example the ability to mount TOW ATGMs was kept and also used during testing, the only difference from the standard Dardo turret was the additional 7.62 mm machine gun attachment on top of the turret roof. This vehicle would eventually be better known as the "Freccia IFV" prototype. After rigorous testing OTO Melara decided to finally remove the Dardo turret and substitute it with a more modern turret which was able to fire Israeli-made Spike ATGMs. Eventually the Italian army would decide to make an order for the vehicle and by 2009 the Freccia IFV was in full time service.

=== [[wt:en/news/7696-development-vbc-pt-2-sub-caliber-hive-en|Devblog]] ===
Following the procurement of the Centauro into service by the Italian armed forces, the designer consortium, made up of the IVECO and OTO Melara companies, continued work on the design in an effort to create further, complementing variants. One such variant would be conceived as an IFV, equipped with a further developed turret used on the tracked Dardo IFV, which would later become the Hitfist turret.

Based on a modified Centauro chassis and fitted with the new turret designed by OTO Melara, the first prototype of the new IFV design was constructed and handed over for testing to the Italian army in 1996. As the testing was deemed successful, the Italian army placed an initial order calling for 249 units of various modifications to be manufactured in 2006, thus officially adopting the design into service. Simultaneously, the new vehicle received the official designation 'Freccia' (eng. Arrow) in Italian service.

The Freccia represents the spearhead of the Italian light armored units and is among the most advanced vehicles in service with the Italian forces. Outside of the military exercises, the Freccia has not taken part in any active combat operations and Italy remains its sole operator until the present day.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=it_vbc_pt2 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


* [[Dardo]]
* [[Centauro I 105]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7696-development-vbc-pt-2-sub-caliber-hive-en|[Devblog] VBC (Pt 2): Sub-Caliber Hive]]

{{Italy light tanks}}
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

Tornado IDS (1995) (Italy)

2023-03-26T03:26:17Z

U3039493: /* Flight performance */ filled in the upgraded values for the flight performance table

{{About
| about = strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Tornado (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=tornado_ids_it_mod95
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Apex Predators"]]. The Panavia Tornado is a two-seat, twin-engine, swing-wing, multi-role combat aircraft built jointly by Germany, the United Kingdom, and Italy. This version is the Tornado Interdiction/Strike or IDS, and was intended as a low-flying fighter bomber armed with precision weapons. The one inside of the Italian tree is similar to other Tornados in the game, only really differing in the skin and markings. The Tornado can be an effective air support provider, mainly thanks to it having access to a wide array of armaments which include guided and unguided bombs. It does lack in the air to air department so do keep that in mind when playing the Tornado.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 10,972 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,993 || 1,989 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs | ceiling}} || 31.4 || 31.5 || 154.1 || 151.8 || rowspan="2" | 800
|-
! Upgraded
| 2038 || 2005 || 30.6 || 31.0 || 203.3 || 177.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || ___ || ___ || ___ || ~__ || ~__
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
|< 670||< 650||< 700||N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Turbo-Union RB199-34R Mk.103 || 2
| colspan="3" | 14,299 kg || colspan="3" | ___ kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 16m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 56m fuel
|-
| 968 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning low-bypass turbofan
| 15,826 kg || 16,113 kg || 17,019 kg || 18,379 kg || 19,389 kg || 25,900 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 16m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 56m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 3,777 kgf || 7,293 kgf
| 0.92 || 0.91 || 0.86 || 0.79 || 0.75 || 0.56
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 4,192 kgf (1,400 km/h) || 8,155 kgf (1,400 km/h)
| 1.03 || 1.01 || 0.96 || 0.89 || 0.84 || 0.63
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The Tornado has no armour to speak of and is relatively large, making it an easy target for enemy guns. Almost any hit to the center part of the Tornado will leave its speed crippled, while any hit to the wings and tail will most likely cripple flight performance, if not disabling the aircraft outright. Although it could in theory make its way back to base even with only one engine, any enemy attention during this timespan will most likely get you sent back to the hangar. It also has 2 pilots, which means that you can continue flying in the unlikely case that only 1 pilot is knocked out.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Mauser BK27 (27 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 27 mm Mauser BK27 cannons, chin-mounted (180 rpg = 360 total)#

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|LDGP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)|GBU-16 Paveway II (1,092 lb)|GBU-24 Paveway III (2,000 lb)|AIM-9L Sidewinder}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance presets:

* 2 x 1,500 l drop tanks
* 56 x large calibre countermeasures
* 2 x AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 7 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (7,000 lb total)
* 12 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (12,000 lb total)
* 4 x 1,092 lb GBU-16 Paveway II bombs (4,368 lb total)
* 1 x 2,000 lb GBU-24 Paveway III bomb (2,000 lb total)

==== Custom loadout options ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="4.8%" | 1 !! width="4.8%" | 2 !! width="4.8%" | 3 !! width="4.8%" | 4 !! width="4.8%" | 5 !! width="4.8%" | 6 !! width="4.8%" | 7 !! width="4.8%" | 8 !! width="4.8%" | 9 !! width="4.8%" | 10 !! width="4.8%" | 11
| rowspan="8" width="25%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_Tornado_GR.1.png]]</div>
|-
! 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs
| || || 1, 2 || 1, 2‡ || 1, 2‡ * || 1*‡ || 1, 2‡ || 1, 2‡ || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! 1,092 lb GBU-16 Paveway II bombs
| || || 1† || 1*† || || 1†‡ || || || 1† || ||
|-
! 2,000 lb GBU-24 Paveway III bombs
| || || || 1*†‡ || || || || || || ||
|-
! AIM-9L Sidewinder missiles
| || 1 || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! Large calibre countermeasures
| 28 || || || || || || || || || || 28
|-
! CLDP
| || || || || || || || 1† || || ||
|-
! 1,500 l drop tanks
| || || 1 || || || || || || 1 || ||
|-
| colspan="13" | * Guided bombs on hardpoint 4 cannot be equipped with 1,000 lb bombs on hardpoints 5-6 † CLDP targeting pod must be equipped when using guided bombs ‡ Bombs on hardpoint 6 cannot be equipped with dual bomb mounts on hardpoints 4-8 or GBU-24 on hardpoint 4
|}

== Usage in battles ==

There are multiple ways to use the Tornado in ARB, one tactic is to stick to the team and try and give support with your AIM-9Ls on your way to the enemy bases and/or ground targets. This gives you the advantage of team cover and a bit of safety, although you will undoubtedly be in the midst of battle once enemy interceptors and fighters reach your team. The other tactic would be to go full throttle directly to the enemy bases while keeping extremely low to the ground to decrease your chances of being spotted visually or by radar. While this leaves you mostly alone and isolated from the possible support of your team, you will be able to take a more direct route to your main target, meaning you'll be able to evade any slower or unsuspecting enemies. Taking an active role in air-to-air combat is not advised, as the Tornado's flight performance is not suited to it and you'll most likely be shot down very quickly. So keep in mind that although the Tornado is fast, its not very manoeuvrable at high speed so try to avoid faster enemies such as the [[F-16 (Family)|F-16]] or the [[F-14A Early|F-14]]. In the case of 1-to-1 confrontation the best option is to simply hope you are faster and run away, against capable fighters like the MiG-23, F-16, MiG-29, Viggen, F-14, and Mirage 2000 you don't stand a chance, unless the enemy pilot is extremely inexperienced. With countermeasures you are able to survive for longer if you can time their use and can dodge without losing too much of your speed. In GRB you can easily pick off enemy SPAA once you have unlocked your laser guided bombs, so try to fly as high as possibile. If you only have dumb bombs you're going to need to stick to the ground as much as possibile to avoid enemy AA, you can't linger too much on the battlefield or else the enemy team will begin to prioratise you as a target. You also need to be very weary of what type of enemy air has been spawned in, if you focus too much on ground vehicles you become easy pickings for any enemy aircraft which can take advantage of you not realising they're there. In conclusion, play a reserved role and only engage when you think its clear.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Variable sweep wing
* Large payload
* Advanced weapons
* Supersonic

'''Cons:'''

* Can struggle in air-to-air combat
* High fuel consumption
* Bombs severely limit its maximum speed to about Mach 1.05
* No search radar

== History ==

The Panavia Tornado was born out of a joint effort by Italy, Germany and the United Kingdom during the late cold war in the 1970's. The Tornado would be designed as a twin-engined, variable-swept wing aircraft with a two-person crew an internal gun and provisions for a wide array of armament which included guided/unguided bombs, mine launchers, rockets, air to air missiles and air to ground missiles. The aircraft was also armed with 2 German made 27mm Mauser BK-27 revolver cannon which was able to make short work of pretty much any aircraft it had in its sights, with the right munition it was also capable of taking out lightly armoured vehicles such as the BMP-1. The Panavia Tornado was primarily made to undertake missions which included tactical strike, reconnaissance, air defence and maritime patrol. What they aimed when making the design was an aircraft which could be very multi-role, ot would allow the Panavia Tornado to replace several different types of aircraft which were at the time in service with the respected countries. The main variants which were designed included the IDS which was mainly a strike-fighter, the ADV which was the Air Defence Variant and lastly the ECR, which was mainly created to carry out recon and SEAD missions. In terms speed the Tornado could go up to 2400km per hour, its engine being known as the Turbo-Union RB199-34R Mk.103. After several proposals and design changes, the first prototype of the Panavia Tornado would fly on the 14th of August, 1974. The prototype would further solidify the partnership as when it was being demonstrated, a lot of positive comments would be made. Thus development would continue smoothly with the first aircraft being officially delivered to the RAF (Royal Air Force) and the German Air Force on 5 and 6 June 1979 respectively.

Italy on the other hand would get their hands on the Panavia Tornado a couple years later on the 25th September, 1981. It wouldn't take long before it would actually begin to face actual combat missions, although it wouldn't be facing any Warsaw Pact enemies as previously envisioned. Its first combat missions would happen during the second Gulf War by the British, Italian and Saudi Arabian air forces. This would be later followed by missions in the Yugoslavian and Kosovo wars. In terms of service within the Italian air force, Italian Tornados would be the first aircraft that Italy actually fully used in full scale combat since the end of WW2.

Their more famous usage would be during Operazione Locusta, and would also be the first time since the end of WW2 that an Italian Air Force fighter would be shot down. During Operazione Locusta (the code name given to the contribution of the Italian Air Force during the Gulf War) Italian Tornados would be sent to Kuwait in 1990 by the Italian Government. In total 8 Panavia Tornados in the IDS variant would be sent. These Tornados would be from the 6º, 36º and 50º Stormo, their mission was to fly into Iraq from Kuwait and drop bombs unto Iraqi controlled territory. The Tornado squadron would form the <nowiki>''</nowiki>Autonomous Flight Department of the Italian Air Force in the Arabian Peninsula<nowiki>''</nowiki>. During the time they were deployed the Italian airforce would rack up to 589 flight hours and would complete 226 sorties into Iraqi airspace in just 42 days of war. After the war they'd return to Italy and be used in other conflicts, the Italian air force Tornados are still in service as of 2023, mainly thanks to several different extensive upgrade programs which extended the life of those aircraft up to 2035, where they will likely be replaced by the F-35.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=tornado_ids_it_mod95 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;[[Tornado (Family)|Related development]]

* [[Tornado IDS ASSTA1 (Germany)]]
* [[Tornado GR.1]]
* [[Tornado IDS (Germany)]]

== External links ==


* https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/485805-panavia-tornado/
* [https://www.aircraftrecognitionguide.com/panavia-tornado <nowiki>[Aircraft Recognition Guide]</nowiki> Panavia Tornado]

{{AirManufacturer Panavia}}
{{Italy jet aircraft}}

VBC (PT2)

2023-03-18T15:27:45Z

U3039493: /* Ammo racks */ removed the 5th and 6th column from the table. the vehicle only carries 4 full belts for its cannon

{{Specs-Card
|code=it_vbc_pt2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Danger Zone"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


The VBC (PT2) has enough armour to protect it against heavy machine gun fire and low level autocannon fire. Due to this, it is quite well suited to facing other lightly armoured vehicles and will be able to take a beating as long as it's not hit in any important modules. However, the machine will not be able to withstand high-calibre rounds such as APFSDS or HEAT shot by MBTs. It is advised that you keep in mind what type of damage an enemy can do to you when facing each other, make the most out of your armour when possible but don't completely rely on it for every engagement.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 72 mm || 15 mm ''Top'' 30 mm ''Bottom'' || 30-50 mm || 10-15 mm
|-
| Turret || 25-40 mm ''Turret front'' 22 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 40-6 mm || 40 mm || 25-40 mm
|-
| Cupola || 40 mm || 40 mm || 40 mm || 25 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

The VBC is equipped with a powerful 520 hp engine that is capable of taking this vehicle to a top speed of 110 km/h. Should it need to back out, it has a 40 km/h reverse gear available, which is very effective if it is an emergency. Thanks to its six steerable wheels, it can change direction quickly, accurately and effectively without bothering the aiming. The wheels and excellent suspension ensure that the VBC can operate smoothly on all surfaces.

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=806|rbMinHp=460}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Oerlikon KBA B02 (25 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Oerlikon KBA B02 (25 mm)|25 mm Oerlikon KBA B02]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 400 (100) || rowspan="2" | 560 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+60° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 54.5 || 75.5 || 91.7 || 101.4 || 107.9 || rowspan="2" | 10.40 || rowspan="2" | 9.20 || rowspan="2" | 8.48 || rowspan="2" | 8.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 34.1 || 40.1 || 48.7 || 53.9 || 57.3
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}
* '''M792:''' {{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}
* '''M791:''' {{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}
* '''PMB 090:''' {{Annotation|APFSDS|Armour-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot}}

{{:Oerlikon KBA B02 (25 mm)/Ammunition|APDS, HEI-T*, APFSDS}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''4''' || 3 ''(+1)'' || 2 ''(+2)'' || 1 ''(+3)'' || ''0(+4)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|Beretta MG42/59 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Beretta MG42/59 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Beretta MG42/59]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 4,600 (200) || 801 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Pintle || 2,000 (200) || 801 || -8°/+20° || -160°/+60°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The VBC PT2 incorporates the playstyle of the Centauros and the Dardo IFVs, so it's best to play this vehicle as a support to your more armoured allies. The VBC is wheeled meaning that whenever it finds a road it's able to go at much higher speeds compared to many other vehicles at the battle rating. It is best to stick with allies when possible if you are planning to fight enemies head-on. The VBC at times can be used effectively in urban combat. If you pick a side street to set up, when the enemy goes past hopefully without seeing you, you will be able to hit them in the side with your main 25 mm cannon. By doing this you can become quite the annoyance to the enemy team as there's not much they can do to stop you. If you've been spotted however you will need to move as quickly as possible. The VBC, although being fast, is not very survivable. Its armour is only good against machine gun fire and low level autocannon fire. An enemy MBT will make short work of you. One of the many weaknesses of the VBC is the fact that it also has a big profile which usually means hiding is not possible at times.

When playing stock as the VBC PT2, it might be hard to earn points, you can still however be useful by actively scouting enemy players and attacking enemy aircraft, which the 25 mm cannon is more than able to do. The VBC can also work well late game when capturing points is essential to getting the victory, make the most out of its mobility. Once you research the important modifications for this vehicle (APFSDS and Thermals), your offensive capabilities are greatly improved. The VBC has a 25 mm Oerlikon-Buhrle cannon, which is able to use APDS and APFSDS. The stock round for the 25 mm cannon is not too good at dealing with enemies but once the APFSDS round is unlocked, the VBC PT2 can easily make short work of MBTs and light vehicles frontally or from the sides. Sadly, unlike the VCC-80 'Dardo', the VBC doesn't have ATGMs so keep that in mind if more armoured foes present themselves. Other neat additions that will greatly aid you is the VBC's thermal imaging device made by Kollsman. Although only available for the gunner, it is a great asset that you'll be able to use once unlocked to easily pick out and spot enemies. In terms of defence systems, it has access to smoke dischargers, which at times can prove to be very useful. Another system the VBC PT2 has is a laser warning receiver which will alert you when an enemy vehicle is lasing you, such as when laser rangefinding or guiding laser-guided missiles.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fast-firing 25 mm cannon
* Potent sub-calibre rounds
* Superb mobility
* Light protection against HMGs and low-level autocannon fire

'''Cons:'''

* Weak against high calibre projectiles
* Not the best off-road mobility
* High profile

== History ==


The history of the OTO Melara/Iveco VBC begins during the late stages of the Cold War. In 1995, shortly after the development of the B1 Centauro tank destroyer made by OTO Melara and Iveco, Italy would begin to show interest in what they could do to the design of the Centauro to allow it to be used for different roles and scenarios. This was partially due to Italy finally being somewhat independent in its military industrial complex, which allowed more homegrown designs to be put into service. Whilst the Cold War had been raging on, Italy had begun to rapidly re-arm itself mainly due to the post WW2 laws no longer being in effect, and Italian companies such as OTO Melara became able to continue work on military projects.

As the B1 Centauro was being produced, the Ministry of Defense would green-light a set of programs that would aim to modify and equip the Centauro with many different weapon systems to fit different roles which would make it more versatile. One of them would be named "VBC", standing for "Veicolo Blindato da Combatimento" (armoured vehicle for combat in English). The first vehicles which came out of the VBC program would firstly only have slightly modified B1 Centauro hulls, one would go on to mount the OTO TC 20 turret, it was armed with an automatic 20 mm Rheinmetall Rh202 cannon, at the time the turret was installed on the Fiat 6616. Another variant would install what was known at the time as the OTO TC 25 Hitfist turret, this was armed with an Oerlikon KBA 25 mm automatic cannon. This turret was already installed on the VCC-80 'Dardo' infantry fighting vehicles. These vehicles would be shown extensively during military vehicle expos but ultimately did not generate any interest so a different design would be made in hopes for it to be picked up. The next vehicle which was also known as the VBC under that program would instead have a heavily modified hull, the main changes would be the introduction of a proper space for infantry to be carried at the back of the vehicle and the new weapon system known as the OTO 60 mm HVMS. This sadly would not be picked up and development would begin to slow down.

Fast forward to the early/mid 2000s, and OTO Melara alongside Iveco would showcase a new prototype of IFV which would also be known as the VBC. This would be the second prototype which would use a lot of the technical know-how gained during the early stages of the program. The main differences would be an entirely new hull, and it only shared a few things to the hull it was based off. The crew compartment would be remade to allow for more room, the protection of the vehicle also increased. In terms of speed, it got a new engine and was able to go over speeds of 105 km/h on roads. Off-road it still held its own but naturally being wheeled meant that it had a harder time compared to its tracked counterparts. The vehicle would be much taller and wider than a standard B1 Centauro, it would fitted with the latest technology but for testing purposes, OTO Melara opted to arm the prototype with the OTO TC 25 Hitfist turret which was still used by the VCC-80 'Dardo'. The turret was the exact same for the most part, for example the ability to mount TOW ATGMs was kept and also used during testing, the only difference from the standard Dardo turret was the additional 7.62 mm machine gun attachment on top of the turret roof. This vehicle would eventually be better known as the "Freccia IFV" prototype. After rigorous testing OTO Melara decided to finally remove the Dardo turret and substitute it with a more modern turret which was able to fire Israeli-made Spike ATGMs. Eventually the Italian army would decide to make an order for the vehicle and by 2009 the Freccia IFV was in full time service.

=== [[wt:en/news/7696-development-vbc-pt-2-sub-caliber-hive-en|Devblog]] ===
en/news/7696-development-vbc-pt-2-sub-caliber-hive-en

Following the procurement of the Centauro into service by the Italian armed forces, the designer consortium, made up of the IVECO and OTO Melara companies, continued work on the design in an effort to create further, complementing variants. One such variant would be conceived as an IFV, equipped with a further developed turret used on the tracked Dardo IFV, which would later become the Hitfist turret.

Based on a modified Centauro chassis and fitted with the new turret designed by OTO Melara, the first prototype of the new IFV design was constructed and handed over for testing to the Italian army in 1996. As the testing was deemed successful, the Italian army placed an initial order calling for 249 units of various modifications to be manufactured in 2006, thus officially adopting the design into service. Simultaneously, the new vehicle received the official designation 'Freccia' (eng. Arrow) in Italian service.

The Freccia represents the spearhead of the Italian light armored units and is among the most advanced vehicles in service with the Italian forces. Outside of the military exercises, the Freccia has not taken part in any active combat operations and Italy remains its sole operator until the present day.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=it_vbc_pt2 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


* [[Dardo]]
* [[Centauro I 105]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7696-development-vbc-pt-2-sub-caliber-hive-en|[Devblog] VBC (Pt 2): Sub-Caliber Hive]]

{{Italy light tanks}}
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

Ariete AMV

2023-03-13T15:36:26Z

U3039493: /* Mobility */ added stock horsepower values to the table. hopefully without breaking something.

{{About
| about = Italian medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Ariete (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=it_ariete_amv_pt1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Sky Guardians"]]. The C1 Ariete AMV PT1 is the final main battle tank that is available to research in the Italian ground forces tech tree. The C1 Ariete was developed by OTO Melara during the late Cold War to allow the Italian army to equip itself with a modern tank which could easily deal with Yugoslav and Warsaw Pact tanks. The AMV PT1 is a further development of the C1 Ariete, it being the first prototype of the AMV program which aims to upgrade several features to improve the tank and extend its life. The PT1 specifically features mobility improvements which allows the tank to be on par in terms of mobility with the rest of the top-tier MBTs. This Italian MBT is one of the staple tanks that you can add to your lineup, as a tier 1 mod you get access to the CL3143 APFSDS round which will greatly help you when grinding the vehicle. It's a great MBT when used by players who can work around its weaknesses, keep in mind that unlike the previous Ariete you don't have access to the WAR add-on armour kit.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, turret, internal plates)
* High-hardness rolled armour (hull UFP, turret front)
* Composite armour (turret front)
* Spaced armour (hull UFP, gun mantlet, turret sides)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || Spaced Armour ''Upper glacis'' 50 mm (50°) ''Lower glacis'' 35 mm (60°) ''Sponson front''|| 10-20 mm ''Top'' 35 mm ''Bottom'' || 20 mm || 35 mm ''Crew compartment'' 20 mm ''Engine compartment'' 5 mm ''Exhaust radiators''
|-
| Turret || Composite armour ''Turret front'' Spaced armour + 90 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || Spaced armour || 20 mm + 10 mm || 40 mm ''Front portion'' 20 mm ''Rear portion''
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.''

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=2032|rbMinHp=1327}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|OTO Breda 120/44 (120 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[OTO Breda 120/44 (120 mm)|120 mm OTO Breda 120/44]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 42 || rowspan="2" | -9°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 38.1 || 52.7 || 64.0 || 70.8 || 75.3 || rowspan="2" | 7.80 || rowspan="2" | 6.90 || rowspan="2" | 6.36 || rowspan="2" | 6.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 23.8 || 28.0 || 34.0 || 37.6 || 40.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:OTO Breda 120/44 (120 mm)/Ammunition|DM12A1, CL3143, DM53}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_Ariete_(P).png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''42''' || 16 ''(+26)'' || 1 ''(+41)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|Beretta MG42/59 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Beretta MG42/59 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Beretta MG42/59]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 4,600 (200) || 801 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* The CL3143 APFSDS round is a tier 1 modification
* Decent forward mobility, even better than previous Ariete due to mobility upgrade
* The commander has access to thermal sights, and both gunner and commander thermals are Gen 2 (higher resolution)
* Outstanding gun handling characteristics
* Quick and responsive reverse
* Fairly decent and reactive mobility at medium to high speeds
* Quick neutral steering
* DM53, combined with great thermals and a laser rangefinder make for an exceptionally deadly sniper
* Unlike other NATO MBTs, there is no ammo rack in the turret bustle: a penetration in the turret rarely destroys the tank in one shot

'''Cons:'''

* Hull armour almost non-existent
* Placement of crew members and first stage ammo rack make hits to the hull fatal
* The DM53 APFSDS round is a tier 4 modification
* Does not have access to PSO or War kit armour package
* Russian tanks, protected by explosive reactive armour, can at times directly withstand DM53

== History ==

The history of the C1 Ariete begins during the late stages of the Cold War, with a program born out of the need of the Italian army to modernize the fleet of tanks they had during the Cold War, which were the Leopards and M60s. Those tanks would be considered obsolete, considering the fact that many countries around the world who adopted such designs had either put them out of service or replaced them for something more modern. To make the new Italian MBT, Italy put Iveco and OTO Melara in charge. Iveco dealt with the hull, transmission, and engine, while OTO Melara took care of the turret, cannon, and the installation of optical sights. After many changes, and a couple of wooden mock-ups, the C1 Ariete (P), would first be shown to the public, at a presentation inside of La Spezia in 1987. Development kept on continuing towards the year of 1990, which allowed both Iveco and OTO Melara to refine the C1 Ariete's design. Deliveries were scheduled to first take place in 1993, however due to some setbacks (likely funding) it wouldn't be until 1995 that the first C1 Ariete production deliveries actually took place. At first an order of 300 tanks would be made, but due to the Cold War coming to an end, it was reduced to only 200 units, which would all finally be delivered on 7th August 2002.

The tank would feature a set of improvements from previous designs, for example the first C1 Ariete production models had access to the TURMS 3rd generation LTFCS made by Officine Galileo, which gave the capability to the Ariete to fire on the move, both during the day and at night. However later down the line, the last 50 Arietes would receive an upgrade of their sights, which resulted in many improvements, such as allowing the C1 Ariete commanders to have access to thermal imaging. In terms of armaments, the C1 Ariete (P) and C1 Ariete Production had access to a 120 mm smoothbore gun, made by OTO Melara, with similarities to the German made L44. The cannon would be suited to fire the majority of NATO standard munitions. Another improvement included better protection compared to the previous vehicles, it would be one of the more vital aspects of the Ariete. The tank would be delivered up until the early 2000s when the Ariete would begin to be the only official tank in service, while the Leopards and M60s would be fully phased out and put in storage.

Since then however, the Ariete has had quite the bumpy ride when it came to upgrading the machine; the Italian army was not against upgrading it, but there was a common issue that would plague the development: costs. The first proposed upgrade for the C1 Ariete would be what is known as the "C2 Ariete". After the tank had finished being designed, many nations at the time already had better vehicles in service, for example Germany would already have the Leopard 2A5. The C2 Ariete would have featured a lot of improvements, which included new updated armour, an autoloader, new engine, and also new updated FCS. However this never ended up happening and as such the C2 Ariete would remain only a proposal on paper. Another potential upgrade for the C1 Ariete, the C1 Ariete Hitfact Mk2, was likely not even considered by the Italian army but it would still feature a set of advancements that technically speaking would make it still a better machine than the production vehicles, such as the new cannon and optics.

'''AMV upgrade'''

The C1 Ariete AMV, standing for "Ammodernamento di Mezza Vita" (English: "Mid Life Update"), is likely to be the final upgrade to the C1 Ariete. This upgrade was conceptualised many years ago but it's only in recent times that progress has been seen with such a program. The AMV program will attempt to extend the life of the C1 Ariete up until 2030/2035, where by then it is presumed that a new design will take over. The AMV program will feature 3 prototypes at first, the AMV PT1, which will feature improvements to the hull, the PT2 which will feature improvements to the hull and turret, and finally the PT3 which will incorporate improvements to both the turret and hull whilst also likely being used to test hard-kill APS.

The improvements in the Ariete AMV PT1 are as follows: increase in power from 1,250 to 1,500 horsepower, sadly this was not obtained with the installation of a new engine, but instead with the application of an upgrade kit on the current engines that the C1 Ariete utilize, which were completely disassembled and rebuilt with the constitution of numerous new elements, most of which derive from the V8 of the B2 Centauro II. One of the other ways it's better protected is thanks to the installation of the Anti-IED/Mine kit. The crankcase is also the same, but the displacement has been increased from 26 to 30 litres by changing cylinders, pistons, and crankshaft, increasing the stroke of the cylinders. In order to better receive and manage the greater power offered by the improved engine, called V12AMV for now, changes would also be made on the automatic gearbox produced under license from the German ZF, this provided the necessary calculations for the changes necessary to receive the greatest torque and its distribution. Among that, the PT1 will feature improvements to the breaking system, the adoption of a new track known as the DST 570 P0 (the current Arietes use the DST 840 E0). The DST 570 P0 is 20% wider than the previous tracks, it allows the tank to have a smaller footprint and makes it much easier to overcome soft terrain. Suspensions and shock absorbers have not been replaced, but only overhauled. Tests of the PT1 have been done at the "Centro Polifunzionale di Sperimentazione Mobile" (CEPOLISPE). The PT1 was also given the production WAR+PSO add-on armour kit, which all AMV prototypes have also received. In the future, once testing of all AMV prototypes has been concluded, they will all be brought to C2 Ariete standard.

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* [[Ariete]]
* [[Ariete PSO]]
* [[Ariete (P)]]

== External links ==


* http://avioblog.it/sono-iniziati-nel-sito-delle-i-di-montelibretti-rm-i-test-del-primo-prototipo-dellm-b-t-ariete-amv/
* https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/546276-c1-ariete-amv-pt1/

{{Italy medium tanks}}

F-104S TAF (Italy)

2023-01-31T23:33:30Z

U3039493: /* Survivability and armour */ Fixed a typo I noticed

{{About
| about = premium jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = F-104 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=f-104s_cb
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|StoreImage_{{PAGENAME}}_002.jpg}}
|store=11809
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Apex Predators"]].

The Italian-exported F-104S to Turkey; although the F-104 series are deemed obsolete at this tier, especially in terms of its doctrine of trading manoeuvrability for high speed and climb rate, if used with caution to more advanced jets, it is still capable in combat with a large amount of A2A weaponry against unaware targets.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The vehicle itself is totally identical to its [[F-104S|tech-tree counterpart]] but with Turkish markings. One of the most distinctive features of the F-104 series is the pencil-like airframe with extremely thin and small control surfaces: the F-104S is no exception. It also carries an engine with very similar thrust to the J79-GE-17 of the [[F-4E Phantom II|F-4 Phantom]], making it even faster than previous models. However, this increase in thrust doesn't change the drawback of the F-104 series - its manoeuvrability. Due to the design calling for the highest possible climb rate to counter Soviet bombers and earlier jets of its era (e.g. [[MiG-19 (Family)|MiG-19]]), it has some of the thinnest wings of any jet aircraft. Although it has a pair of flaps able to be extended even at 900 km/h for extra manoeuvrability, in most cases, if the target is not something as huge as a [[B-29A-BN|B-29 Superfortress]], chances are that players may get drawn into energy fights with enemies which could be extra challenging to handle due to the infamous lack of manoeuvrability. Be sure not to be baited into a dogfight, and finish an engagement as fast as possible as more speed means more odds to survive the battle.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 15,240 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,344 || 2,316 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 34.5 || 34.7 || 225.5 || 216.5 || rowspan="2" | 850
|-
! Upgraded
| 2,431 || 2,387 || 33.5 || 34.0 || 297.4 || 260.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,527  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 827 || 444 || ~12 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 720 || < 950 || < 800 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | General Electric J79-GE-19 || 1
| colspan="2" | 6,850 kg || colspan="3" | 565 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 9m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 32m fuel
|-
| 1,740 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
| 7,722 kg || 8,645 kg || 9,543 kg || 9,758 kg || 13,110 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 9m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 32m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 4,992 kgf || 7,688 kgf
| 1.00 || 0.89 || 0.80 || 0.79 || 0.59
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 5,044 kgf (1,200 - 1,400 km/h) || 10,253 kgf (1,200 km/h)
| 1.33 || 1.18 || 1.07 || 1.05 || 0.78
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

Like its tech tree counterpart, the TAF F-104S also has no additional protection against oncoming shots. What makes the situation even more dire is that it also doesn't equip an EFS onboard: in case of an engine fire, players will have to pray that it burns out naturally before structural failure. In most cases, with the engine damaged by different means or other damage onboard, the F-104S will have an extremely hard time returning for a repair.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Cross}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** Without offensive armament
** 60 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|LDGP Mk 81 (250 lb)|LDGP Mk 82 (500 lb)|M117 cone 45 (750 lb)|BLU-1 incendiary|LDGP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)|LDGP Mk 84 (2,000 lb)|AIM-7E Sparrow|AIM-9B Sidewinder|AIM-9P Sidewinder|FFAR Mighty Mouse|Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP|M61A1 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance presets:

* Without load
* 1 x 20 mm M61A1 cannon (750 rpg) + 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 1 x 20 mm M61A1 cannon + 2 x AIM-9P Sidewinder missiles
* 1 x 20 mm M61A1 cannon + 6 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 1 x 20 mm M61A1 cannon + 6 x AIM-9P Sidewinder missiles
* 2 x AIM-7E Sparrow missiles
* 1 x 20 mm M61A1 cannon + 76 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 1 x 20 mm M61A1 cannon + 8 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets
* 1 x 20 mm M61A1 cannon + 6 x 250 lb LDGP Mk 81 bombs (1,500 lb total)
* 1 x 20 mm M61A1 cannon + 7 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (3,500 lb total)
* 1 x 20 mm M61A1 cannon + 7 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (5,250 lb total)
* 1 x 20 mm M61A1 cannon + 3 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (3,000 lb total)
* 1 x 20 mm M61A1 cannon + 1 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bomb (2,000 lb total)
* 1 x 20 mm M61A1 cannon + 7 x BLU-1 incendiary bombs

==== Custom loadout options ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="4%" | 1 !! width="4%" | 2 !! width="4%" | 3 !! width="4%" | 4 !! width="4%" | 5 !! width="4%" | 6 !! width="4%" | 7 !! width="4%" | 8 !! width="4%" | 9 !! width="4%" | 10
| rowspan="14" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_F-104S.ASA.png]]</div>
|-
! 20 mm M61A1 cannons (750 rpg)
| || || || || || 1 || || || ||
|-
! 250 lb LDGP Mk 81 bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || || || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs
| || || 1 || || 1 || || || 1 || ||
|-
! 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bombs
| || || || || 1 || || || || ||
|-
! BLU-1 incendiary bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
| || 19 || 19 || || || || || 19 || 19 ||
|-
! Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets
| || 4 || || || || || || || 4 ||
|-
! AIM-7E Sparrow missiles
| || 1 || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
| 1 || 1 || || 1 || || || 1 || || 1 || 1
|-
! AIM-9P Sidewinder missiles
| 1 || 1 || || 1 || || || 1 || || 1 || 1
|-
| colspan="11" | Maximum permissible loadout weight: 3,400 kg Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 500 kg
|-
| colspan="12" | * AIM-7E Sparrow missiles cannot be equipped in conjunction with the 20 mm M61A1 cannon.
|}

== Usage in battles ==

Being a member of the Starfighter family, the F-104S excels excellently at its main feature - speed and climb rate. As one of the earliest jets to hit Mach 2.0 at high altitude, the design doctrine called for the maximum climb rate and speed possible, resulting in the pencil-like airframe. Players will soon find it very different from other jets of its tier: while those jets would still have the chance to succeed in a dogfight to a certain extent, this is not the case for F-104S. The jet itself does have varieties of air-to-air weaponries, such as later series of rear-aspect Sidewinders and even Sparrows at its disposal, the jet itself does also come with an M61 cannon on the port side of the airframe. At first glance this might sound pleasing as there are 6 missiles in total for the jet, but when players decided to equip AIM-7Es, they will find that the only cannon onboard is removed to fit the Sparrow guidance equipment.

The other thing that hinders F-104S is the radar itself. It does have 30 km search range but the scan rate is slow compared to jets at its tier; the overall performance of this radar also hindered as the Sparrow has difficulty handling targets below it - a major drawback for an interceptor. For most air-to-air combats, bringing 6 AIM-9s is more than enough to handle the heated battlefield when delivering strikes upon unaware enemies; if players want to take a bet on head-on fights against targets from below, the pair of Sparrows will make short work of enemies assuming the missiles do track on the target, but make sure every missile counts as these will be the only weapons onboard. However, the high velocity and rate of fire of the M61 cannon is also often enough to deal with head-on situations.

The F-104S should be used for high-altitude interception or going fast at lower altitudes, being fast helps its survivability; going fast and flying in mostly straight lines around the battlefield, picking off targets that have used up their energy or don't have any flares for the maximum efficiency. Only engage in a dogfight in dire situations or one-on-one battles; use the flaps accordingly as this can compensate for the poor manoeuvrability at speeds below 900 km/h.

While Starfighters are infamous at ground-attacking due to its lack of manoeuvrability at low altitude, the F-104S is able to carry up to 1.36 tons of LDGP bombs or napalm. Players will have to be extremely cautious about their position, diving onto targets or being too fast in this case is not a good idea for F-104S. The ballistic computer will make sure the bombs land on desired targets precisely.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Rather high acceleration and climb rate than previous models
* Varieties of air-to-air/ground weaponry with sufficient overall payload
* Sufficient counter-measures for oncoming missiles
* Relative high ammo pool for its M61 cannon
* High roll-rate at high speed

'''Cons:'''

* Installation of AIM-7 missiles trades the internal M61 cannon
* Huge turning radius
* Way high stall speed than conventional jets
* Somewhat inferior radar at its tier with a slow scan rate

== History ==

During the heat of the Cold War when the Cuban Missile Crisis almost brought an end to the world, Turkey, a site of US missile bases overseas, would become the frontline and in dire need for new jets. Later in May 1963, TAF received their first 54 F-104G series from the Military Aid Program (MAP; 48 104Gs and 6 TF-104Gs); this also included hundreds of other F-104G series from other NATO countries where they would be eventually replaced by their selected new jets by the 1980s. Aside from Lockheed and Canadair F-104s, Turkey also became the only export customer of the F-104S series at a total of 40 of them delivered in late 1974 to May 1975.

Their only combat operation was the Invasion of Cyprus where they could have encountered Starfighters from their neighbour across the Aegean Sea, Greece, but both air forces didn't meet each other and the F-104 series were kept in service until TAI's license-assembled F-16Cs arrived and eventually replaced them in the mid-1990s.<ref>Baugher, Joe. Starfighters with Turkey, December 12, 1999. http://www.joebaugher.com/usaf_fighters/f104_24.html.</ref><ref>F-104 Starfighter with the THK. http://www.karo-aviation.nl/favorite/pages/f104/f104thk.htm.</ref>

This jet, numbered '''MM6900/75-6900''' of the Project Bora-II delivery was then stored as part of the Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE) and later scrapped in June 1995.<ref>Peitzmeier, Hubert. “F-104S Turkish Air Force Serials,” May 21, 2022. http://www.916-starfighter.de/F-104_THK_S.pdf.</ref>

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=f-104s_cb Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


=== References ===
<references />

{{Italy jet aircraft}}
{{Italy premium aircraft}}

FIAT 6614

2022-07-03T10:14:48Z

U3039493: /* Pros and cons */ Turns out, you can't fire while swimming anymore. Not sure when that changed, but it's gotten me killed a few times now

{{Specs-Card
|code=it_fiat_6614_106sr
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull)
* Gun steel (gun barrel, MG)
* Wheel (tires)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 8 mm (30-46°) ''Driver viewport'' 8 mm (70-81°) ''Upper Glacis'' 8 mm (52°) ''Lower Glacis'' || 8 mm (21-45°) ''Top'' 5 mm (12-20°) ''Radiator vents'' 8 mm (25-33°) ''Bottom'' 8 mm ''Wheelwells'' || 8 mm (17°) ''Upper plate'' 8 mm (43°) ''Lower plate'' || 8 mm (9-20°) ''Front Glacis'' 8 mm ''Crew compartment''
|-
| Gun mount || colspan="4" style="text-align:center" | 8 mm
|-
| Cupola || colspan="4" style="text-align:center" | 8 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* All windows are 8 mm thick.
* The tires are 10 mm thick.
* The belly is 8 mm thick.

The {{PAGENAME}} has almost no armour, like other vehicles in the Italian tree, and with that very low survivability. Anything that hits a side shot will knock out at least one crew member, while a frontal or rear shot will incapacitate a minimum of 3 crew, enough to take the player back to the hangar.

The average effective thickness changes depending on where the {{PAGENAME}} is shot from. At the front, it ranges from 15-20 mm thick, although the front-facing window of the driver's hatch does only give 9 mm of armour between a machine gun round and the driver. While a 7.62 mm round will only penetrate at close range, a 12.7 mm heavy machine gun round will only fail to penetrate that window at over a kilometre away. Considering the car's most valuable advantage is its ability to get to good positions fast, an incapacitated driver will ruin the {{PAGENAME}}'s chances in the match.

The side's obvious weak spots are the grills near the front that are only 5mm thick. Considering that the vehicle has a hexagon-shaped cross-section if sliced from left to right, the upper plate of the slanted side offers 9 mm of protection after the grill and 10-12mm around and in front of the grill. The lower side plate gives a whole new world of armour with a minimum thickness of 10mm everywhere, which means at least the 7.62 mm machine guns can't penetrate the car through there. The doors have the same thickness as the rest of the sides.

On the back, there's one slanted plate that is 8 mm at the top which increases to 14 mm at the bottom. Again, like the sides, the door doesn't have a different thickness. Also, the gun is very easy to disable as it has a maximum effective thickness of 88 mm, which all tanks at this BR will be able to penetrate and disable in one shot.

This tank is still very vulnerable to strafing aircraft. Bombs and rockets also deal heavy damage if the {{PAGENAME}} is standing in their destruction radius.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=225|rbMinHp=128}}

The {{PAGENAME}}'s mobility is very good. The fastest speeds it can reach will depend on the terrain: on a track like the ones on Sinai, the {{PAGENAME}} can easily reach 60 or 70 km/h, and driving on an actual road or going downhill it will reach the 80's or 90's; but on a grassy field, it may only reach up to 45 km/h. Due to the {{PAGENAME}} being a wheeled car, going through sand, snow or a small uphill will trickle away its speed. The wheeled construction means the FIAT also cannot neutral steer, but it does have a small turning circle (tank-sized) and it can turn in this circle at 23 km/h.

When reversing the {{PAGENAME}} has good acceleration as well, reaching -10 km/h after about 3 seconds and will get to -20 by the fourth second.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Cannone da 106 s.r.M40A1 (106 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Cannone da 106 s.r.M40A1 (106 mm)|106 mm Cannone da 106 s.r.M40A1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 17 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+12° || rowspan="2" | ±360° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 9.5 || 13.2 || 16.0 || 17.7 || 18.8 || rowspan="2" | 13.00 || rowspan="2" | 11.50 || rowspan="2" | 10.60 || rowspan="2" | 10.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 6.0 || 7.0 || 8.5 || 9.4 || 10.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| M344A1 || HEAT || 433 || 433 || 433 || 433 || 433 || 433
|-
| M361A1 || HESH || 152 || 152 || 152 || 152 || 152 || 152
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| M344A1 || HEAT || 502 || 10 || 0 || 0.01 || 1,650 || 65° || 72° || 77°
|-
| M361A1 || HESH || 498 || 10 || 0.1 || 4 || 5,040 || 73° || 77° || 80°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''17''' || 11 ''(+6)'' || 9 ''(+8)'' || 7 ''(+10)'' || 3 ''(+14)'' || 1 ''(+16)'' || No
|-
|}
Notes:

* Rounds are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* Full ammo load should be brought for the cannon because running out of shells is very common in this vehicle.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|M80 (12.7 mm)}}

The M80 is a spotting machine gun attached to the M40A1 recoilless rifle. The low velocity of its projectiles and limited capacity make it ineffective against enemy ground vehicles, only being able to effectively damage exposed crew members. However, the ballistics of the weapon are aligned with the gun's ballistics, meaning that it can be used to range a target, rather than using the rangefinding skill.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M80 (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M80]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 120 (5) || 300 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


Ground RB/SB/AB

The FIAT is a light tank destroyer with extremely potent anti-tank grenades that are almost guaranteed to slice through any armoured foe. Never put yourself on the front lines as your armour is not up to the task against anything heavier than .30 calibre machine gun fire, so striking from the shadows is the best option. One of the main upsides is that you don't have an actual gunner who exposes themselves to fire, meaning all you have to do is find a great position and remain hull-down. Getting to said position is fairly easy if you are on a map with easily accessible roads. The FIAT 6614 will manage to reach its top speed and overtake most of the vehicles at its battle rating, use your speed to your absolute advantage, with the FIAT 6614, to maximize your effectiveness on the battlefield, you need to be in places were regular enemies won't suspect vehicles to be shot at from. Another great feature that the FIAT 6614 has access to is the scouting mechanic. Scouting will allow you to earn even more points, whilst also providing great intel for your teammates to take advantage of. Due to the excellent penetration of the both HEAT and HESH rounds, this tank destroyer is best played pointing and shooting at the target, not minding weak spots, especially due to the overpressure damage mechanic. Although some tanks will be able to survive one or two shots, generally speaking you should make quick work of anyone you encounter. If you get spotted, you should quickly disengage and move to a new spot where enemies will again not suspect you shooting from, to disengage you can use smoke grenades to cover your retreat for a short while. Always remember to stay at a safe distance, as previously mentioned you wont be able to withstand much, if anything. You'll be at the mercy of artillery strikes and enemy aircraft. It's recommended to take cover inside a building or behind a natural obstacle that will protect you from such threats. Also keep in mind that in Arcade Battles, enemies can easily find out where you are located with the nametag and are able to quickly find out where your weak spots are.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 106 mm HESH can knock out most enemy vehicles with a single shot, except some heavy tanks
* 106 mm HEATFS is capable of frontally penetrating all tanks at its BR
* 360-degree turret traverse
* Fast on-road
* Small target, easy to hide
* The gun mounting allows you to hide the entire hull behind cover while still having the gun above cover, allowing you to engage enemies with nothing but the gun exposed
* Is amphibious

'''Cons:'''

* Very thin armour, vulnerable to machine gun fire, artillery and strafing by aircraft
* Bad off-road speed
* You cannot fire the recoilless rifle or the spotting rifle while swimming, leaving you defenceless in water

== History ==


The Fiat 6614 was an APC joint venture between Fiat and OTO Melara. Post-war Italy had realized the need of having light vehicles that could easily be deployed at long distances to further support the front-line troops, without actually being in the front-line. The Fiat 6614 was specifically made to fill in the requirements of the many military and para-military organizations, where some form of mobile armoured protection is required for personnel. The first prototype was made in 1972, which underwent many changes, both aesthetic and armament-wise. An example would be such as the Fiat 6614 having access to a dual .50 cal turret, which would be ultimately removed after testing. Fiat would be in charge of the engine and the automotive components while OTO Melara was in charge of the hull and weapon system. The Fiat 6614 would be outfitted with an IVECO 8062.24 diesel engine, this allowed the Fiat 6614 to reach speeds of 100 km/h. It had a max crew of 3, but being a APC, could carry up to 10 soldiers at once. One of its staple abilities was the fact that it could be amphibious (propulsion once in the water was provided by the road wheels), which further allowed it to push itself into it being a multi-role vehicle. There was plenty of optional equipment available for the Fiat 6614, such as: recovery winch, night vision equipment, smoke grenade discharges and also an air conditioning system. Armament-wise, due to its weight, it couldn't really support heavy loads (primarily also why the Fiat 6616 was made), this didn't stop it from having a few armaments installed, one of the more obscure variants being one with a FIROS-6 rocket launcher. It's good to note that it was also marketed as a mortar carrier, medi-vac ambulance and also a reconnaissance vehicle.

This FIAT 6614 is a further development prototype for anti heavy armoured target purposes by mounting a 106 mm M40A1 recoilless rifle forward of the commander's position on the turret roof. It was only a one-off, as far as we know of, which members of the Italian military would use to evaluate its effectiveness on the field. Ultimately it wasn't picked up due to other vehicles in the Italian army being much better candidates, and also due to the M40A1 recoilless rifle getting more and more obsolete. It was able to fire M40A1 standard munitions, such as HEAT and HESH, and the rounds would be stored near the backside of the vehicle.

In terms of service, the Italian Fiat 6614 is still technically in service, inside of the 'Polizia di Stato' (State police), mainly used for riot control and during natural disasters where its amphibious abilities can come in handy. Other times it was used would be when the Italian Army deployed a number of Fiat 6614's to Bosnia and Somalia, for safekeeping. They had a huge success in the export market, one of the biggest successes being in the South Korean army. The Fiat 6614 would be license produced in South Korea, where it was widely used, although as of now it's said they've completely gone out of service. The South Korean Fiat 6614 is known as the KM900, while locally introduced variants, known as the KM901 can include an armoured ambulance, mortar carriers, and command vehicles. Other countries still using it to this day include Libya, Somalia, Tunisia, Argentina, Venezuela, and Peru. Fiat 6616 also known as 'Autoblinda 1974' ([[AUBL/74]]) is a further development model of the Fiat 6614, after OTO Melara and Fiat engineers started experimenting on up-arming the Fiat 6614.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=italy&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=light_tank&vehicle=it_fiat_6614_106sr Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|UN3ioZuwRJs|'''This is how to make light tank INVINCIBLE! {{PAGENAME}}''' - ''HowToPlay1337''}}

== See also ==


;Other vehicles equipped with a recoilless rifle

* [[M50 Ontos]]
* [[T114]]
* [[Type 60 SPRG (C)]]
* [[R3 T106 FA]]

;Other vehicles equipped with a similar chassis

* [[AUBL/74]]
* [[AUBL/74 HVG]]

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:Fiat_6614|[Wikipedia] Fiat 6614]]

{{Italy light tanks}}
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

OTOMATIC

2022-02-21T20:00:42Z

U3039493: removed references to hull break in pros/cons

{{Specs-Card
|code=it_otomatic
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (shortened to '''{{Specs|pseudonym}}''') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian self-propelled anti-aircraft gun {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]].

The OTOMATIC is a radar-equipped SPAAG that is capable of shooting proximity fused frag rounds and can destroy planes even in a single, well-aimed shot. Shooting down aircraft should be the primary use of this vehicle at least until APFSDS rounds are unlocked, so staying in a cap zone is recommended, as the unit doesn't carry a lot of ammo (90 shells for a cannon with a 0.5s reload). When APFSDS are available, the OTOMATIC may defend capture points against enemy tanks as well, while still dealing with aircraft, or it can switch to a more mobile, MBT-like playstyle, mostly thanks to the excellent penetration of the sabot rounds and the two-axis stabiliser.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Structural steel (Radar equipment, Mudguards)
* Rubber-fabric screens

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 70 mm (59°), 35 mm (81°) ''Front glacis'' 50 mm (52°) ''Lower glacis'' 25 mm (81°), 50 mm (30-46°) ''Ammo stowage hatch'' || 25-35 mm ''Top'' 30 mm ''Bottom'' || 25 mm (1-40°) || 30 mm (89°) ''Front'' 15 mm (89°) ''Rear'' 5 mm ''Engine grille''
|-
| Turret || 25 mm (25-45°) ''Turret front'' 25 mm (17-83°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 25 mm (0-11°) || 25 mm (1-10°) || 15 mm
|-
|}

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,179|rbMinHp=734}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|OTO Breda Cannone da 76/62 (76 mm)}}The OTOMATIC is armed with the most famous naval autocannon, the OTO Breda Cannone da 76/62. This specific configuration is the Compact version, meaning the carousel is smaller for size reduction but with an increase is ROF. This particular gun, if already used in vessels, has one of the best tradeoff in accuracy, stopping power and range. Different from other cannons, the 76mm is the biggest anti-air caliber yet the smallest caliber for modern vehicles. The version mounted on the OTOMATIC is set to super-rapid fire, speeding the ROF from 60 RPM to 120 RPM. This has its own pros and cons. From one side you have a tremendous stopping power which can deal with all threats in seconds, including ground. However, on the other side, you devour ammunition when doing continuous fire, getting from 90 shells to 60 in a matter of seconds.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[OTO Breda Cannone da 76/62 (76 mm)|76 mm OTO Breda Cannone da 76/62]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 90 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+60° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 61.6 || 85.3 || 103.6 || 114.6 || 121.9 || rowspan="2" | 0.50 || rowspan="2" | 0.50 || rowspan="2" | 0.50 || rowspan="2" | 0.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 41.6 || 49.0 || 59.5 || 65.8 || 70.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The OTOMATIC has access to both anti-air and anti-tank ammunitions capable of dealing with a high variety of threats, from lightly armored IFV's to heavily armored MBT's.

''SAPOM:''

The Semi Armor-Piercing High Explosive Incendiary rounds has a multipurpose capabilities with a little bit of everything. It has a nice tradeoff between anti-air and anti-tank capabilities due to the explosive mass and armor penetration. However, the SAPOM is not really suggested for anything rather than anti-tank roles as the HE-VT* is more than capable of dealing with enemy threats. It should be noted most of the targets faced can be killed from the sides if shot between the road wheels in the lower half of the chassis (in case for NATO tanks), engine deck (will only cause fire and damage to transmission), Gunner's Primary Sight (in case of M1 Abrams and XM-1's). When it comes to dealing with Russian targets (the most generally armored MBT's in the game), SAPOM should be fire almost at the ground hitting the lowest part of the chassis. It is recommended to destroy their tracks and barrels in order to let friendly units take them out for this reason. SAPOM is capable of destroying all lightly armored targets seen at the battle-rating (IFV's, SPAA's, etc).

''APFSDS:''

The dart ammunition has a full anti-tank role though it can be used for anti-air roles, however it is not recommended. It has decent penetration and stopping power as a dart and is more than capable with dealing enemy tanks. It is able to destroy enemy targets in one hit if it's a well placed shot. Ammunition should be targeted with the APFSDS as the low ammount of ammunition carrying can make it run out of APFSDS before destroying the enemy. Trapshots are suggested (driver's port, cupola, mantlets, etc).

''HE-MOM:''

The High Explosive Variable Time fuze proximity shell has a full anti-air role with zero anti-tank role. Thanks to the high caliber, the HE is able to carry a proximity fuze with a lethal explosive mass, making it capable of destroying all aerial threats with one or two hits. Trigger discipline is recommended as, due to the fast fire rate, the OTOMATIC can spend the whole ammunition reserve really fast. Thanks to being a big shell, most enemy helis and aircraft will not redirect course when being fired at until it's too late compared to the continious fire smaller caliber SPAA have (25mm, 30mm, 35mm, 40mm, etc). They do not trigger Missile Alert Warning, making them the ultimate helicopter killer.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| 76/62 SAPOM || SAPHEI || 60 || 59 || 54 || 50 || 46 || 43
|-
| 76/62 APFSDS || APFSDS || 311 || 308 || 301 || 291 || 281 || 271
|-
| 76/62 HE-MOM || HE-VT* || 15 || 15 || 15 || 15 || 15 || 15
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 76/62 SAPOM || SAPHEI || 910 || 6.35 || 1.2 || 14 || 662.4 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 76/62 APFSDS || APFSDS || 1,580 || 2.18 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 76/62 HE-MOM || HE-VT* || 910 || 6.3 || 0 || 0.1 || 1,070 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''90''' || 64 ''(+26)'' || 55 ''(+35)'' || ''27(+63)'' || 0 ''(+90)'' || No
|-
|}

===Radars===
{{main|SMA VPS-A05‎|SMA VPG-A06}}
The OTOMATIC is equipped with a [[SMA VPS-A05]] search radar and a [[SMA VPG-A06]] tracking radar; both radars are located on the top of the turret, with the SMA VPS-A05 being mounted on an arm at the rear, and the SMA VPG-A06 being mounted further forwards on the left hand side of the turret roof. The radar system is capable of tracking a target while scanning, but can only track targets within a 180° arc from the front of the turret. Both radar can be folded.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="5" | [[SMA VPS-A05]] - Target Detection Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Detection Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Detection Range|The range, below which, a target cannot be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Max Azimuth Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Max Elevation Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum relative speed|The minimum speed a target must be moving, relative to the radar, in order to be detectable by the radar}}
|-
| 20,000 m || 500 m || 360° || -__°/+__° || 10 m/s (36 km/h)
|-
! colspan="5" | [[SMA VPG-A06]] - Target Tracking Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum target speed|The minimum speed a target must be moving, relative to the radar, in order to be tracked by the radar}}
|-
| 16,000 m || 75 m || ±90° || -15°/+87° || 15 m/s (54 km/h)
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The OTOMATIC is one of the more role-diverse SPAA in the game, akin to that of the ADATS with its anti-air/anti-tank missiles. However, the OTOMATIC can practice these diverse roles without needing to notify the enemy of what role it is prior to an engagement. The {{PAGENAME}} has the mobility, speed, armor and electronics to make it one of the best SPAA or anti-tank vehicle, depending on what the commander or battlefield situation dictate.

The OTOMATIC has a big ammo rack with three types of ammunition for all types of players, for those who want to be deadly to only aircraft and control the skies as quickly as possible, and for those who want to carry out as much destruction as possible regardless if they want to go anti-air or anti-tank. The only drawback is that the OTOMATIC can only carry 12 APFSDS rounds. The recommended round load is 50 HE-VT*, 20 SAPOM, and 12 APFSDS for both anti-air and anti-tank capabilities. Each of these rounds are well-suited for the targets they are specialized to fight against.

=== HE-VT* ===
This round makes nailing aircraft such an easy task, though it has its pros and cons compared to missiles that other high-ranking SPAA are using. As a con, a HE-VT* shell carries less explosive power, cannot be guided, and has a slower muzzle velocity compared to missiles. However, the HE-VT* as a shell will not trigger the aircraft's Missile Approach Warning system (MAW) and so the enemy may be caught unaware of an incoming 76 mm HE-VT* shell if they do not see it coming. The only visual cue they would have is the flying tracer round, compared to a missile smoke streak that may be traced to the firing SPAA vehicle. The larger number of HE-VT* shells carried also means the {{PAGENAME}} can quickly follow-up a shot if the first shot missed, without too much worry on ammunition waste.

This round helps make the {{PAGENAME}} one of the more reliable SPAA at the top-rank battlefield. A missile would cause hovering aircraft like helicopters to simply find cover as soon as the MAW is activated. Top-rank SPAA that uses missile also have a reliance to their radar lock, as it must maintain that lock for the missile to track and hit the target. The {{PAGENAME}} also has access to thermal sights and a laser rangefinder to help locate aircraft in the air and find their range without use of the radar. With this, the {{PAGENAME}} can track a helicopter and find their distance without the enemy helicopter being aware that they are within the {{PAGENAME}}'s sights and firing range.

=== SAPOM ===
This round provides some flexibility in the usage of the {{PAGENAME}}. It is a Semi Armour-Piercing High-Explosive Incendiary (SAPHEI) round that does not have the penetration values of a likewise APCBC round, while also not having as much high-explosives as a dedicated HE shell. However, this round in the 76 mm calibre does still present some general-purpose uses. While there is enough high-explosives in the shell to use against an aircraft, the presence of the HE-VT* shell makes this role redundant by a more capable shell. The shell can fight enemy armoured fighting vehicles, but a maximum penetration of 60 mm at point-blank range means this round will struggle against any main battle tanks fought at the {{PAGENAME}}'s battle-rating. Nevertheless, as the only armour-piercing round available to the {{PAGENAME}} before it unlocks the APFSDS, it must be used with caution, patience, and practice for maximum efficiency.

Arguably one of the best use of the SAPOM round is as a reserve so that the valuable 12 APFSDS that can be carried in the {{PAGENAME}} is not wasted; or in the worst case all HE-VT* is spent. As such, its use should be reserved to fighting lightly-armoured vehicles, when out of APFSDS against ground units, or out of HE-VT* against air targets.

====Fighting Specific Tanks with SAPOM====
'''NATO allegiance MBT's (Leopard, Abrams, Leclerc, etc.)''':

*When facing from the front:
**Aim at the main gun to disable the tank's firepower. After that is disabled, aim for the tracks to immobilize the vehicle. Then allow a more capable ally destroy the enemy tank.

*When facing from the side/rear:
**Aim at medium lower section of a tank's hull sides, in between the road wheels where the armour is generally weaker.
**If the {{PAGENAME}} is positioned to be somewhere towards the vehicle's rear, aim instead at the turret bustle ammunition rack. No tank has enough armor to withstand multiple hits to the ammo rack. Aiming at engine deck is worthless if gun is not disabled.

'''CSTO allegiance MBT's (T-80, T-90, ZTZ-99, etc.)'''

*When facing from the front:
**Aim at the main gun to disable the tank's firepower. After that is disabled, aim for the tracks to immobilize the vehicle. Then allow a more capable ally destroy the enemy tank.

*When facing from the side/rear:
** Unfortunately, CSTO MBTs are often more well-armoured at the sides than NATO tanks, enough so to resist SAPOM rounds more easily with slight angling. As such, an attack with SAPOM rounds should not be attempted even from the sides.
** If able to hit the vehicle's rear, the only place of worth the {{PAGENAME}} may penetrate is the engine deck. Shoot there to disable the enemy's mobility, but make sure to disable the enemy's gun as it reacts otherwise it may destroy the {{PAGENAME}}.

'''Generally speaking, try and avoid combat with CSTO MBTs if the {{PAGENAME}} only has SAPOM rounds available, unless it is mission-critical that the enemy tank must be immobilized or disabled.'''

=== APFSDS ===
This is probably the most used round by the OTOMATIC when it is being used for anti-tank purposes. This is the same round the Rooikat uses, meaning it is a reliable round with good capabilities, but does require trigger discipline, situational awareness and knowledge of the enemy tank's "anatomy" to make every single round count as there are only 12 round carried. While the APFSDS round has nowhere enough penetration power to deal with enemy MBT, it does have enough to penetrate weakpoints and from favorable angle-of-attacks.

'''NATO allegiance MBT's (Leopard, Abrams, Leclerc, etc.)''':

*When facing from the front:
**As explained above, utilize the terrain to the {{PAGENAME}}'s advantage against the enemy. However, a frontal encounter is highly discouraged

*When facing from the side/rear:
**Aim at the hull ammo racks
***Leopard/Leclerc/Type 90: Next to driver
***Abrams: Almost at engine deck, a small wall ammo rack
**If able to hit the enemy from an angle closer to their rear, aim exclusively at turret bustle ammo rack. APFSDS will over-penetrate and make the blast shields useless.

'''CSTO allegiance MBT's (T-80, T-90, ZTZ-99, etc.)'''

*When facing from the front:
**As explained above, utilize the terrain to the {{PAGENAME}}'s advantage against the enemy. However, a frontal encounter is highly discouraged

*When facing from the side/rear:
**Aim at the hull ammo racks
***T-64's/T-80's: any hit to the side. Ammo rack is in an "L" shape, making ammo rack hits easy
***T-72's/T-90: aim in a manner like if the target was a T-80, but closer to the ground due to ammo rack closer to the ground as it is in a "=" shape
**If able to hit the enemy from an angle closer to their rear, aim exclusively at anywhere is possible to hit. Preferably the turret rear to disable critical modules or even hit an ammunition rack if there is any.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Radar guidance system
* Equipped by default with HE-VT fuse shells capable of annihilating aircraft within 1-3 indirect hits. Direct hits usually destroy the aircraft in one blow
* Excellent scoped zoom for an SPAA (8.0x to 16.1x)
* Immense fire rate for the gun calibre; 120 RPM for a 76 mm gun
* Two axis stabiliser
* APFSDS can penetrate up to 311 mm, enough to destroy any top-rank MBT with a well-placed shot
* Equipped with SAPHEI shells, capable of dealing with many light tanks and the XM-1
* Capable of taking out long-range helicopters with ammunition which does not explode until approximately 4.6 km away, allowing for shots well past the radar tracking range
* The OF-40 chassis provides reasonable protection and mobility (especially compared to the M163 and ZSU-23-4)
* Fantastic turret rotation and elevation speed
* Generation 1 thermals for the gunner - makes spotting enemy aircraft, helicopters and tanks a much easier task
* Fear factor - Enemy pilots who know there is an OTOMATIC around will fall back in a far more cautious playstyle and are less likely to attack friendly ground vehicles in the open
* Large cannon breech - can soak up shrapnel, thereby protecting the turret crew

'''Cons:'''

* Turret has immensely thin armour, can be penetrated by other SPAA as well as secondary cannons from the MBT-70 or AMX-40
* Several turret-mounted ammo racks that are almost impossible ''not'' to hit
* APFSDS rounds are a tier IV modification
* APFSDS capacity limited to 12 rounds
* APFSDS has limited accuracy at range
* Massive profile, straightforward to spot and shoot
* This vehicle's reputation precedes it, enemies will prioritise its destruction
* SAPHEI's penetration is abysmal, and 62 mm consistently fails to penetrate the sides of Abrams or T-64s/T-72s/T-80s
* First-stage ammo stowage capacity of 29 rounds. The gun's high rate of fire will empty this quickly
* There must be at least one shell in the first-stage stowage to fire the gun
* Each round must be loaded into the first-stage stowage individually. This massively increases reload times if the stowage is empty
* The gun can only elevate 60 degrees. This is below average for an SPAA vehicle of this tier.
* Rate of fire decreases when your loader is knocked out
* A hit to the turret, even if it doesn't kill the crew, will always result in a destroyed breech due to the sheer amount of space the breech takes up in the turret

== History ==

Development of the OTOMATIC SPAAG began during the mid 1980s as a private venture of the OTO Melara company. The basic concept behind the OTOMATIC was to take the successful 76 mm Super Rapido utility cannon used on naval vessels and fit it to a suitable mobile platform in order to create a long-range SPAA vehicle that would outmatch similar designs such as the German Gepard or British Marksman system. Although a challenging feat, Italian engineers eventually succeeded in this endeavour, creating a vehicle that wasn't only up to the latest technological standards but also perfectly suited, and even exceeded, various NATO requirements of the time. The first prototype of the OTOMATIC was ready for testing in the late 1980s. Intended to be compatible with a large number of NATO vehicles of the time, the OTOMATIC, similarly to the British Marksman system, was tested on several hulls and it was planned to be capable of fitting any NATO tank, including the Leopard 2 and M1 Abrams. However, as the Cold War ended and general interest for SPAAG vehicles began declining in favour of more modern missile systems, the OTOMATIC project never received any interest from potential users. For the Italian army, the project was initially accepted, but later abandoned due to budget cuts.

''- From [[wt:en/news/5943-development-otomatic-spaag-belated-perfection-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=italy&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=spaa&vehicle=it_otomatic Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

'''Images'''<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:OTOMATIC WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:OTOMATIC WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:OTOMATIC WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:OTOMATIC WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:OTOMATIC WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:OTOMATIC WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|zn2-YsUBRBw|'''Should You Grind The OTOMATIC?''' - ''Sako Sniper''|J9nUjFDdk-E|'''The Shooting Range #131''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:32 discusses the OTOMATIC.|IntAZ778ewQ|'''OTOMATIC - Top Tier Balance - The Gaijin Way''' - ''Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[OF-40 (Family)]]

;Ships equipped with the same gun

* [[Albatros-Klasse (143)]]
* [[HMS Peacock]]
* [[Sparviero]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5943-development-otomatic-spaag-belated-perfection-en|[Devblog] OTOMATIC SPAAG: Belated Perfection]]
* [[wikipedia:Otomatic|[Wikipedia] Otomatic]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/otomatic/ <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> OTOMATIC]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/435771-otomatic-spaag-belated-perfection/ [Forum<nowiki>]</nowiki> Official Forum Thread for the {{PAGENAME}}.]

{{TankManufacturer OTO Melara}}
{{Italy anti-aircraft vehicles}}

Sagittario 2

2021-06-10T13:12:39Z

U3039493: /* Pros and cons */ Plane got nerfed into oblivion pretty quick

{{Specs-Card
|code=sagittario_2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Red Skies"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,005 || 978 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.0 || 25.6 || 36.6 || 34.7 || rowspan="2" | 1,000
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,125  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 498 || 469 || 320 || ~12 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 600 || < 550 || < 610 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Rolls-Royce Derwent 9 || 1
| colspan="2" | 2,405 kg || colspan="3" | 227 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 34m fuel
|-
| 580 kg || colspan="2" | Centrifugal-flow turbojet
| 2,686 kg || 2,946 kg || 3,216 kg || 3,341 kg || _,___ kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 34m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 1,536 kgf || N/A
| 0.57 || 0.52 || 0.48 || 0.46 || _.__
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 1,536 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.57 || 0.52 || 0.48 || 0.46 || _.__
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Hispano HS 825 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 30 mm Hispano HS 825 cannons, nose-mounted (120 rpg = 240 total)

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Extremely agile, able to outturn most aircraft
* Relatively high top speed for its BR
* 2 x hard hitting 30 mm cannons are excellent at taking down other aircraft
* The HS 825 cannons have a very high muzzle velocity

'''Cons:'''

* Limited ammunition capacity, the 120 rpg pool will suffice for just over 5 seconds of fire
* No payload options
* No Armour Piercing ammo
* The only available belt is 100% tracers

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7162-development-su-7bmk-from-russia-with-love-en|[Development] Aerfer Sagittario 2: The Legacy Continues]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/526650-sagittario-ii/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{Italy jet aircraft}}

OTOMATIC

2021-02-25T20:11:55Z

U3039493: tacked on a bit more to the cons

{{Specs-Card
|code=it_otomatic
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (shortened to '''{{Specs|pseudonym}}''') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian self-propelled anti-aircraft gun {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]].

The OTOMATIC is a radar-equipped SPAAG that is capable of shooting proximity fused frag rounds and can destroy planes even in a single, well-aimed shot. Shooting down aircraft should be the primary use of this vehicle at least until APFSDS rounds are unlocked, so staying in a cap zone is recommended, as the unit doesn't carry a lot of ammo (90 shells for a cannon with a 0.5s reload). When APFSDS are available, the OTOMATIC may defend capture points against enemy tanks as well, while still dealing with aircraft, or it can switch to a more mobile, MBT-like playstyle, mostly thanks to the excellent penetration of the sabot rounds and the two-axis stabiliser.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Structural steel (Radar equipment, Mudguards)
* Rubber-fabric screens

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 70 mm (59°), 35 mm (81°) ''Front glacis'' 50 mm (52°) ''Lower glacis'' 25 mm (81°), 50 mm (30-46°) ''Ammo stowage hatch'' || 25-35 mm ''Top'' 30 mm ''Bottom'' || 25 mm (1-40°) || 30 mm (89°) ''Front'' 15 mm (89°) ''Rear'' 5 mm ''Engine grille''
|-
| Turret || 25 mm (25-45°) ''Turret front'' 25 mm (17-83°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 25 mm (0-11°) || 25 mm (1-10°) || 15 mm
|-
|}

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,179|rbMinHp=734}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|OTO Breda Cannone da 76/62 (76 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[OTO Breda Cannone da 76/62 (76 mm)|76 mm OTO Breda Cannone da 76/62]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 90 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+60° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 61.6 || 85.3 || 103.6 || 114.6 || 121.9 || rowspan="2" | 0.50 || rowspan="2" | 0.50 || rowspan="2" | 0.50 || rowspan="2" | 0.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 41.6 || 49.0 || 59.5 || 65.8 || 70.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The OTOMATIC has access to both anti-air and anti-tank ammunitions capable of dealing with a high variety of threats, from lightly armored IFV's to heavily armored MBT's.

''SAPOM:''

The Semi Armor-Piercing High Explosive Incendiary rounds has a multipurpose capabilities with a little bit of everything. It has a nice tradeoff between anti-air and anti-tank capabilities due to the explosive mass and armor penetration. However, the SAPOM is not really suggested for anything rather than anti-tank roles as the HE-VT* is more than capable of dealing with enemy threats. It should be notted most of the targets faced can be killed from the sides if shot between the road wheels in the lower half of the chassis (in case for NATO tanks), engine deck (will only cause fire and damage to transmission), Gunner's Primary Sight (in case of M1 Abrams and XM-1's). When it comes to dealing with Russian targets (the most generally armored MBT's in the game), SAPOM should be fire almost at the ground hitting the lowest part of the chassis. It is recommended to destroy their tracks and barrels in order to let friendly units take them out for this reason. SAPOM is capable of destroying all lightly armored targets seen at the battle-rating (IFV's, SPAA's, etc).

''APFSDS:''

The dart ammunition has a full anti-tank role though it can be used for anti-air roles, however it is not recommended. It has decent penetration and stopping power as a dart and is more than capable with dealing enemy tanks. It is able to destroy enemy targets in one hit if it's a well placed shot. Ammunition should be targeted with the APFSDS as the low ammount of ammunition carrying can make it run out of APFSDS before destroying the enemy. Trapshots are suggested (driver's port, cupola, mantlets, etc).

''HE-MOM:''

The High Explosive Variable Time fuze proximity shell has a full anti-air role with zero anti-tank role. Thanks to the high caliber, the HE is able to carry a proximity fuze with a lethal explosive mass, making it capable of destroying all aerial threats with one or two hits. Trigger discipline is recommended as, due to the fast fire rate, the OTOMATIC can spend the whole ammunition reserve really fast. Thanks to being a big shell, most enemy helis and aircraft will not redirect course when being fired at until it's too late compared to the continious fire smaller caliber SPAA have (25mm, 30mm, 35mm, 40mm, etc). They do not trigger Missile Alert Warning, making them the ultimate helicopter killer.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| 76/62 SAPOM || SAPHEI || 60 || 59 || 54 || 50 || 46 || 43
|-
| 76/62 APFSDS || APFSDS || 311 || 308 || 301 || 291 || 281 || 271
|-
| 76/62 HE-MOM || HE-VT* || 15 || 15 || 15 || 15 || 15 || 15
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 76/62 SAPOM || SAPHEI || 910 || 6.35 || 1.2 || 14 || 662.4 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 76/62 APFSDS || APFSDS || 1,580 || 2.18 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 76/62 HE-MOM || HE-VT* || 910 || 6.3 || 0 || 0.1 || 1,070 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''90''' || 64 ''(+26)'' || 55 ''(+35)'' || ''27(+63)'' || 0 ''(+90)'' || No
|-
|}

===Radars===
{{main|SMA VPS-A05‎|SMA VPG-A06}}
The OTOMATIC is equipped with a [[SMA VPS-A05]] search radar and a [[SMA VPG-A06]] tracking radar; both radars are located on the top of the turret, with the SMA VPS-A05 being mounted on an arm at the rear, and the SMA VPG-A06 being mounted further forwards on the left hand side of the turret roof. The radar system is capable of tracking a target while scanning, but can only track targets within a 180° arc from the front of the turret. Both radar can be folded.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="5" | [[SMA VPS-A05]] - Target Detection Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Detection Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Detection Range|The range, below which, a target cannot be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Max Azimuth Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Max Elevation Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum relative speed|The minimum speed a target must be moving, relative to the radar, in order to be detectable by the radar}}
|-
| 20,000 m || 500 m || 360° || -__°/+__° || 10 m/s (36 km/h)
|-
! colspan="5" | [[SMA VPG-A06]] - Target Tracking Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum target speed|The minimum speed a target must be moving, relative to the radar, in order to be tracked by the radar}}
|-
| 16,000 m || 75 m || ±90° || -15°/+87° || 15 m/s (54 km/h)
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

This vehicle provides abundant playstyles depending on how players are comfortable using it. You can take a full ammo load of 90 rounds and hide in a re-spawn point or building as a conventional SPAA. It can do this job very well, and you can also reduce the ammunition load to join your team on the front lines. The suggested ammo distribution is 12 APFSDS & 16 HE-VT, and 2 SAPHEI shells as additional firepower while intercepting aircraft.

The OTOMATIC has the ability to defend itself from ground and aerial vehicles extremely well due to its armament. Its 76 mm HE-VT rounds that will shred any aircraft with ease. The 76/62 APFSDS round that it can use to defend itself with 311 mm of penetration at 10 m, combined with a high rate of fire, allows it to take care of most hostiles with ease. With those 2 abilities the vehicle can play aggressive or passive. You can stay back in cover protecting your team from aircraft while having the ability to protect yourself and not relying on teammates. The other approach is playing aggressive. Pushing up with your team assisting in destroying enemy vehicles along with any aviation that they might bring into battle. But be advised, the OTOMATIC does have a very large silhouette making you an easy target.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Radar guidance system
* Equipped by default with HE-VT fuse shells capable of annihilating aircraft within 1-3 indirect hits. Direct hits usually destroy the aircraft in one blow
* Excellent scoped zoom for an SPAA (8.0x to 16.1x)
* Immense fire rate for the gun calibre; 120 RPM for a 76 mm gun
* Two axis stabiliser
* APFSDS can penetrate up to 311 mm, enough to destroy any top-rank MBT with a well-placed shot
* Equipped with SAPHEI shells, capable of dealing with many light tanks and the XM-1
* Capable of taking out long-range helicopters with ammunition which does not explode until approximately 4.6 km away, allowing for shots well past the radar tracking range
* The OF-40 chassis provides reasonable protection and mobility (especially compared to the M163 and ZSU-23-4)
* Hits to the chassis will not hull break the tank
* Fantastic turret rotation and elevation speed
* Generation 1 thermals for the gunner - makes spotting enemy aircraft, helicopters and tanks a much easier task
* Fear factor - Enemy pilots who know there is an OTOMATIC around will fall back in a far more cautious playstyle and are less likely to attack friendly ground vehicles in the open
* Large cannon breech - can soak up shrapnel, thereby protecting the turret crew

'''Cons:'''

* Turret has immensely thin armour, can be penetrated by other SPAA as well as secondary cannons from the MBT-70 or AMX-40
* Can be hull broken by hits to the turret
* Several turret-mounted ammo racks that are almost impossible ''not'' to hit
* APFSDS rounds are a tier IV modification
* APFSDS capacity limited to 12 rounds
* APFSDS has limited accuracy at range
* Massive profile, straightforward to spot and shoot
* This vehicle's reputation precedes it, enemies will prioritise its destruction
* SAPHEI's penetration is abysmal, and 62 mm consistently fails to penetrate the sides of Abrams or T-64s/T-72s/T-80s
* First-stage ammo stowage capacity of 29 rounds. The gun's high rate of fire will empty this quickly
* There must be at least one shell in the first-stage stowage to fire the gun
* Each round must be loaded into the first-stage stowage individually. This massively increases reload times if the stowage is empty
* The gun can only elevate 60 degrees. This is below average for an SPAA vehicle of this tier.
* Rate of fire decreases when your loader is knocked out
* A hit to the turret, even if it doesn't kill the crew, will always result in a destroyed breech due to the sheer amount of space the breech takes up in the turret

== History ==

Development of the OTOMATIC SPAAG began during the mid 1980s as a private venture of the OTO Melara company. The basic concept behind the OTOMATIC was to take the successful 76 mm Super Rapido utility cannon used on naval vessels and fit it to a suitable mobile platform in order to create a long-range SPAA vehicle that would outmatch similar designs such as the German Gepard or British Marksman system. Although a challenging feat, Italian engineers eventually succeeded in this endeavour, creating a vehicle that wasn't only up to the latest technological standards but also perfectly suited, and even exceeded, various NATO requirements of the time. The first prototype of the OTOMATIC was ready for testing in the late 1980s. Intended to be compatible with a large number of NATO vehicles of the time, the OTOMATIC, similarly to the British Marksman system, was tested on several hulls and it was planned to be capable of fitting any NATO tank, including the Leopard 2 and M1 Abrams. However, as the Cold War ended and general interest for SPAAG vehicles began declining in favour of more modern missile systems, the OTOMATIC project never received any interest from potential users. For the Italian army, the project was initially accepted, but later abandoned due to budget cuts.

''- From [[wt:en/news/5943-development-otomatic-spaag-belated-perfection-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=italy&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=spaa&vehicle=it_otomatic Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

'''Images'''<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:OTOMATIC WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:OTOMATIC WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:OTOMATIC WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:OTOMATIC WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:OTOMATIC WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:OTOMATIC WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|zn2-YsUBRBw|'''Should You Grind The OTOMATIC?''' - ''Sako Sniper''|J9nUjFDdk-E|'''The Shooting Range #131''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:32 discusses the OTOMATIC.|IntAZ778ewQ|'''OTOMATIC - Top Tier Balance - The Gaijin Way''' - ''Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[OF-40 (Family)]]

;Ships equipped with the same gun

* [[Albatros-Klasse (143)]]
* [[HMS Peacock]]
* [[Sparviero]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5943-development-otomatic-spaag-belated-perfection-en|[Devblog] OTOMATIC SPAAG: Belated Perfection]]
* [[wikipedia:Otomatic|[Wikipedia] Otomatic]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/otomatic/ <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> OTOMATIC]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/435771-otomatic-spaag-belated-perfection/ [Forum<nowiki>]</nowiki> Official Forum Thread for the {{PAGENAME}}.]

{{Italy anti-aircraft vehicles}}

OTOMATIC

2021-02-06T23:25:13Z

U3039493: changed APHE > SAPHEI to match in game label, added the parts about hull break

Khrizantema-S

2021-02-03T21:16:31Z

U3039493: removed line about launcher and radar folding down. doesnt do that anymore. tacked darkness onto bit describing the radar's abilities

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_9p157
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Starfighters"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


The {{PAGENAME}} is very lightly armoured and only have 2 crewmembers, so it will barely survive any attack stronger than 7.62 mm MG to the hull. It, however, has some RHA plates on front, which are also angled closer towards 80°, making it capable of deflecting heavy machine gun fire and, at times, autocannon fire, or even non-apfsds shells.

Due to armour thickness, almost any big shell at its rank will hull break it on direct hit to the hull, unless slowed down by some internal module. The tank is also very unlikely to survive hellfire missiles or rocket rain.

Due to this, it requires hulldown or hills just to be able to fight, and it should avoid direct fights and artillery fire at all costs. To retreat from battle or to exploit it's weapon system it can also use ESS, creating smoke wall behind and around itself.

The weakness of armour is further prolonged by fact, that even in hulldown its launcher and radar are still exposed and can be hit with HE, HESH or HEAT, and, unlike with the most of other hulldown ATGM tanks, HEAT can be landed on top of it in such a way, that it will destroy {{PAGENAME}} via hullbreak, allowing other ATGM tanks to defeat it, if their reaction and aim is better. It is worth noting that kinetic shells do not hull break tank on radar hit, and it automatically hides itself when being damaged, to increase chances of survival against unexperienced opponents.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


The {{PAGENAME}}'s acceleration and mobility is somewhat closer to track-using light tanks due to it's low weight, but it has rather limited maximum speed, when compared to top rank VI or VII vehicles. In RB, it's offroad forward speed is generally around 45 km/h. It's reverse speed is also limited, but will allow it to back out of a fight with about 15 km/h on demand.

The {{PAGENAME}}'s climbing ability is mediocre, but it should be able to climb any hills when spaded.

The {{PAGENAME}} can swim with greatly reduced movement speed.

{{tankMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.''
{{main|9M123}}

The {{PAGENAME}} has an ATGM handle similarly to [[Shturm-S]]. It reloads two of the missile launchers at once, and only reloads them after both were used. Since it's completely automated, it will always take tank 15 seconds to reload.

Sniper optics and laser pointer are located on the very front-right of the hull, separately from the launchers. It must see tank's target for semi-automatic aim (mouse aim) to work.

Handle can aim in about 160 degree sector in front of the tank, but has problems with pointing down and too high up, which makes sniper aim to be more useful in some kind of open, flat territory, where tank can fire at targets directly. If it must be used in some kind of cluttered street, it's best to approach targets carefully while being mindful of the fact, that launcher is located behind sniper scope and not just above it, to avoid misfiring and hitting tank's own cover.

Similar issues follow radar aim as well, due to radar's limited vertical traverse, but it can guide missiles at angles far beyond capability of laser pointer.

{{Notice|Missiles can be slaved to radar, therefore first missile launched while radar is locked on will fly straight for it and ignore user's input. It will do so even if {{PAGENAME}} hull is furiously shaking while swimming and manual shot seems impossible to make.|!}}

Missiles themselves seem to have high level of horizontal mobility, but significantly lower vertical mobility - they can take sharp turns into sides, but they will refuse to drop down at the last moment, so it is better to keep then on level with intended target, unless they are guided by radar, in which case you have no control over them and they generally go for the turret neck or the centre of the target. They will likely catch any slow flying helicopter, that does not immediately perform a drop straight down to the ground (which is very bad for RB helicopters and may result in unintended crash by itself).

Missiles can fly up to 6 km away before running out of fuel. It makes them useful against both ground and air, but it may fail to reach overly cautious rank VII helicopters, due to them being able to fire from 8 km away.

9M123 is an extremely powerful tandem missile, which can potentially penetrate any NERA currently in the game on direct hit and will definitely penetrate any ERA due to it's power alone and tandem technology used to specifically breach ERA.

9M123F is the same carrier missile, but it is loaded with HE instead. HE missiles have less shrapnelling range than HE shells seen in conventional tanks and are generally used to harass other light vehicles, which sometimes cannot be simply destroyed with HEAT payload.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[9M123]] missile || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 16 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+15° || rowspan="2" | ±85° || rowspan="2" | N/A || __.__ || __.__ || __.__ || __.__ || __.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__
|-
! ''Realistic''
|14.9|| __.__ || __.__ || __.__ || __.__
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| 9M123 || ATGM (tandem) || 1,200 || 1,200 || 1,200 || 1,200 || 1,200 || 1,200
|-
| 9M123F || ATGM-HE || 61 || 61 || 61 || 61 || 61 || 61
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 9M123 || ATGM (tandem) || 550 || 46.0 || 0.2 || 0.01 || 6,160 || 80° || 82° || 90°
|-
| 9M123F || ATGM-HE || ___ || _.__ || __ || _._ || ___ || __° || __° || __°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''8''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}



===Radars===

{{Notice| {{PAGENAME}} radar can not only lock onto aerial targets but also search for and lock onto ground targets, and it can also lock onto targets behind smoke and trees, and in the dark, even if user cannot see them. Keep both of these facts in mind, when using it |!}}

The {{PAGENAME}} is equipped with a single search and tracking radar, mounted to the left of missile launchers. The radar system is incapable of scanning while tracking, and generally can only lock on targets within a 20° arc from the front of itself.

Radar is usually following targeting reticle and only scans in chosen direction, however, once locked, it can automatically turn up to 85° degrees in either direction in front of the tank, continuing tracking its target as long as it didn't go behind {{PAGENAME}}.

Vertically radar also has rather limited angles at which it can lock and track, but exact angles are difficult to measure. It also seems to rely more on hull position, rather than aiming reticle, when aiming at the sky. For that reason, it is better not to rely on search mode whatsoever and try to lock onto targets manually (by pressing lock-on button in sniper mode while aiming at the target) to see if tank needs to be moved, or it's just radar being picky.

Sometimes it also can lock on and track hostile tank at very long ranges, while aiming at them almost through the ground, allowing missiles to be launched over hills with minimal tank exposure and giving the {{PAGENAME}} an unexpected advantage, particularly noticeable at longer ranges of over 1.8 km.

It is also possible to check if enemy tank is dead or alive by locking onto it. Dead tanks generally do not pose any interest for the radar. (Probably unintended feature)

Radar is hidden within vehicle whenever it is powered down, seriously damaged, or when tank is travelling. Since radar is a valid target for explosives, sometimes it is worth turning it off on purpose.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="5" | ??? - Target Detection Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Detection Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Detection Range|The range, below which, a target cannot be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Max Azimuth Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Max Elevation Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum relative speed|The minimum speed a target must be moving, relative to the radar, in order to be detectable by the radar}}
|-
| 8000? m || N/A? || ±20°? || +40°? / -20°? || N/A
|-
! colspan="5" | ??? - Target Tracking Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum target speed|The minimum speed a target must be moving, relative to the radar, in order to be tracked by the radar}}
|-
| 8000? m || N/A? || ±85° || ?°/?° || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Destructive ATGM with an astounding 1200 mm penetration
* Radar can also lock onto tanks, through smokes, trees, etc.
* Technically can fire and guide both missiles at once, one via radar, one via laser, an effect hard to replicate with any other tank short of [[BMP-2M]]
* Can swim and snipe in water, rare for amphibious tanks
* Radar guided missiles can shut down any slow helicopter on their own if operator can keep the lock
* Has thermal optics for commander and gunner
* Great mobility and acceleration
* Heavily sloped frontal armour

'''Cons'''

* Armour easily penetrated by any gun
* Launcher & radar is easy to get hit when hull down
* 9M123 ATGM is inferior to [[ADATS]] and SAM, making it inferior in duels
* Launcher can be hard to aim manually

== History ==


=== [[wt:en/news/6718-development-9p157-2-khrizantema-why-not-both-en|Devblog]] ===
In the eighties, the KB Mashinostroyeniya in Kolomna began work on an all-weather anti-tank missile system capable of efficiently detecting and destroying ground armoured vehicles, helicopters and other units at any time of day and any visibility level.

The system was chosen to be mounted on the BMP-3 chassis – a highly mobile, all-terrain platform that could even navigate water. That is how the 9P157-2 Khrizantema came to be – it became a unique unit capable of simultaneously following targets on two separate channels – on its radar system and through visual contact.

Moreover, the abovementioned radar can detect and take aim at targets at any time of day and visibility level (be it night, smoke or sandstorm).

The system’s missiles are capable of penetrating tank ERA along with over another 1,000 mm of armour beneath it. The Khrizantema was put into service by the Russian army in 2004 and has since undergone modernisation several times. The missile system has also been exported abroad and deployed by other countries.

== Media ==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:Khrizantema WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:Khrizantema WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:Khrizantema WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:Khrizantema WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:Khrizantema WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:Khrizantema WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
File:Khrizantema WTWallpaper 07.jpg|
File:Khrizantema WTWallpaper 08.jpg|
</gallery>

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6718-development-9p157-2-khrizantema-why-not-both-en|[Devblog] Khrizantema-S: why not both?]]

{{USSR tank destroyers}}

OTOMATIC

2021-02-03T21:00:57Z

U3039493: Fixed some outdated info under the cons section relating to the magazine. changed to first-stage stowage to match in-game label. changed capacity 14 > 29 rounds. added lines 211 and 212. added the elevation angle and comparison to line 213

{{Specs-Card
|code=it_otomatic
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (shortened to '''{{Specs|pseudonym}}''') is a Rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian self-propelled anti-aircraft gun {{Battle-rating|1}}. This vehicle was introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]].

The OTOMATIC is a radar-equipped SPAAG that is capable of shooting proximity fused frag rounds and can destroy planes even in a single, well-aimed shot. Shooting down aircraft should be the primary use of this vehicle at least until APFSDS rounds are unlocked, so staying in a cap zone is recommended, as the unit doesn't carry a lot of ammo (90 shells for a cannon with a 0.5s reload). When APFSDS are available, the OTOMATIC may defend capture points against enemy tanks as well, while still dealing with aircraft, or it can switch to a more mobile, MBT-like playstyle, mostly thanks to the excellent penetration of the sabot rounds and the two-axis stabiliser.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Structural steel (Radar equipment, Mudguards)
* Rubber-fabric screens

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 70 mm (59°), 35 mm (81°) ''Front glacis'' 50 mm (52°) ''Lower glacis'' 25 mm (81°), 50 mm (30-46°) ''Ammo stowage hatch'' || 25-35 mm ''Top'' 30 mm ''Bottom'' || 25 mm (1-40°) || 30 mm (89°) ''Front'' 15 mm (89°) ''Rear'' 5 mm ''Engine grille''
|-
| Turret || 25 mm (25-45°) ''Turret front'' 25 mm (17-83°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 25 mm (0-11°) || 25 mm (1-10°) || 15 mm
|-
|}

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 1179|rbMinHp= 734}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|OTO Breda Cannone da 76/62 (76 mm)}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[OTO Breda Cannone da 76/62 (76 mm)|76 mm OTO Breda Cannone da 76/62]]
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
! rowspan="1" | Stabilizer
|-
| colspan="3" | 90 || -5°/+60° || ±180° || Two-plane
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! style="width:4em" |Mode
! style="width:4em" |Stock
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || 35.2 || 48.8 || __.__ || __.__ || __.__
|-
| ''Realistic'' || 23.8 || 28.0 || __.__ || __.__ || __.__
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| 0.5 || 0.5 || 0.5 || 0.5
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 0° Angle of Attack'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| 76/62 SAPOM || SAPHEI || 60 || 58 || 50 || 45 || 35 || 30
|-
| 76/62 APFSDS || APFSDS || 311 || 308 || 301 || 291 || 281 || 271
|-
| 76/62 HE-MOM || HE-VT* || 14 || 14 || 14 || 14 || 14 || 14
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| 76/62 SAPOM || SAPHEI || 910 || 6.35 || 1.3 || 15 || 662.4 || +0° || 79° || 80° || 8°1
|-
| 76/62 APFSDS || APFSDS || 1580 || 2.18 || N/A || N/A || N/A || +1.5° || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 76/62 HE-MOM || HE-VT* || 910 || 6.3 || 0.2 || 0.1 || 969.12 || +0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

===== [[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Full ammo
! class="wikitable unsortable" |1st rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |2nd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |3rd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |4th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Visual discrepancy
|-
|| '''90''' || XX ''(X+)'' ||  ''(+)'' ||  ''(+)'' ||  ''(+)'' || style="text-align:left" | no
|-
|}

===Radars===
{{main|SMA VPS-A05‎|SMA VPG-A06}}
The OTOMATIC is equipped with a [[SMA VPS-A05]] search radar and a [[SMA VPG-A06]] tracking radar; both radars are located on the top of the turret, with the SMA VPS-A05 being mounted on an arm at the rear, and the SMA VPG-A06 being mounted further forwards on the left hand side of the turret roof. The radar system is capable of tracking a target while scanning, but can only track targets within a 180° arc from the front of the turret. Both radar can be folded.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="5" | [[SMA VPS-A05]] - Target Detection Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Detection Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Detection Range|The range, below which, a target cannot be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Max Azimuth Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Max Elevation Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum relative speed|The minimum speed a target must be moving, relative to the radar, in order to be detectable by the radar}}
|-
| 20,000 m || 500 m || 360° || ??? || 10 m/s (36 km/h)
|-
! colspan="5" | [[SMA VPG-A06]] - Target Tracking Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum target speed|The minimum speed a target must be moving, relative to the radar, in order to be tracked by the radar}}
|-
| 16,000 m || 75 m || ±90° || -15°/+87° || 15 m/s (54 km/h)
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

This vehicle provides abundant playstyles depending on how players are comfortable using it. You can take a full ammo load of 90 rounds and hide in a re-spawn point or building as a conventional SPAA. It can do this job very well, and you can also reduce the ammunition load to join your team on the front lines. The suggested ammo distribution is 12 APDSFS & 16 HE-VT, and 2 APHE shells as additional firepower while intercepting aircraft.

The OTOMATIC has the ability to defend itself from ground and aerial vehicles extremely well due to its armament. Its 76 mm HE-VT rounds that will shred any aircraft with ease. The 76/62 APFSDS round that it can use to defend itself with 311 mm of penetration at 10 m, combined with a high rate of fire, allows it to take care of most hostiles with ease. With those 2 abilities the vehicle can play aggressive or passive. You can stay back in cover protecting your team from aircraft while having the ability to protect yourself and not relying on teammates. The other approach is playing aggressive. Pushing up with your team assisting in destroying enemy vehicles along with any aviation that they might bring into battle. But be advised, the OTOMATIC does have a very large silhouette making you an easy target.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Radar guidance system
* Equipped by default with HE-VT fuse shells capable of annihilating aircraft within 1-3 indirect hits. Direct hits usually destroy the aircraft in one blow
* Excellent scoped zoom for an SPAA (8.0x to 16.1x)
* Immense fire rate for the gun calibre; 120 RPM for a 76 mm gun
* Two axis stabiliser
* APFSDS can penetrate up to 311 mm, enough to destroy any top-rank MBT with a well-placed shot
* Equipped with APHE shells, capable of dealing with many light tanks and the XM-1
* Capable of taking out long-range helicopters with ammunition which does not explode until approximately 4.6 km away, allowing for shots well past the radar tracking range
* Doesn't hull break
* The OF-40 chassis provides reasonable protection and mobility (especially compared to the M163 and ZSU-23-4)
* Fantastic turret rotation and elevation speed
* Generation 1 thermals for the gunner - makes spotting enemy aircraft, helicopters and tanks a much easier task
* Fear factor - Enemy pilots who know there is an OTOMATIC around will fall back in a far more cautious playstyle and are less likely to attack friendly ground vehicles in the open
* Large cannon breech - can soak up shrapnel, thereby protecting the turret crew

'''Cons:'''

* Turret has immensely thin armour, can be penetrated by other SPAA as well as secondary cannons from the MBT-70 or AMX-40
* Several turret-mounted ammo racks that are almost impossible ''not'' to hit
* APFSDS rounds are a tier IV modification
* APFSDS capacity limited to 12 rounds
* APFSDS has limited accuracy at range
* Massive profile, straightforward to spot and shoot
* This vehicle's reputation precedes it, enemies will prioritise its destruction
* APHE's penetration is abysmal, and 62mm consistently fails to penetrate the sides of Abrams or T-64s/T-72s/T-80s
* First-stage ammo stowage capacity of 29 rounds
* There must be at least one shell in the first-stage stowage to fire the gun
* Each round must be loaded into the first-stage stowage individually. This massively increases reload times if the stowage is empty
* The gun can only elevate 60 degrees. This is below average for an SPAA vehicle of this tier.
* Rate of fire decreases when your loader is knocked out
* A hit to the turret, even if it doesn't kill the crew, will always result in a destroyed breech due to the sheer space the breech takes up in the turret

== History ==

Development of the OTOMATIC SPAAG began during the mid 1980s as a private venture of the OTO Melara company. The basic concept behind the OTOMATIC was to take the successful 76mm Super Rapido utility cannon used on naval vessels and fit it to a suitable mobile platform in order to create a long-range SPAA vehicle that would outmatch similar designs such as the German Gepard or British Marksman system. Although a challenging feat, Italian engineers eventually succeeded in this endeavour, creating a vehicle that wasn't only up to the latest technological standards but also perfectly suited, and even exceeded, various NATO requirements of the time. The first prototype of the OTOMATIC was ready for testing in the late 1980s. Intended to be compatible with a large number of NATO vehicles of the time, the OTOMATIC, similarly to the British Marksman system, was tested on several hulls and it was planned to be capable of fitting any NATO tank, including the Leopard 2 and M1 Abrams. However, as the Cold War ended and general interest for SPAAG vehicles began declining in favour of more modern missile systems, the OTOMATIC project never received any interest from potential users. For the Italian army, the project was initially accepted, but later abandoned due to budget cuts.

''- From [https://warthunder.com/en/news/5943-development-otomatic-spaag-belated-perfection-en Devblog]''

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|J9nUjFDdk-E|'''The Shooting Range #131''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:32 discusses the OTOMATIC.}}

== See also ==

'''Predecessor'''

* [[SIDAM 25]]

'''Similar vehicles in other nations'''

* [[M247]]
* [[M163]]
* [[Gepard]]
* [[ZSU-23-4|ZSU-23-4 "Shilka"]]
* [[Falcon]]
* [[Chieftain Marksman]]
* [[Type 87]]

== External links ==


* [https://warthunder.com/en/news/5943-development-otomatic-spaag-belated-perfection-en [Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> OTOMATIC SPAAG: Belated Perfection]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/435771-otomatic-spaag-belated-perfection/ [Forum<nowiki>]</nowiki> Official Forum Thread for the {{PAGENAME}}.]

{{Italy anti-aircraft vehicles}}