War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

I-15 WR

2020-09-12T19:50:00Z

U3032832: corrected Features table; added check for Landing flaps

{{Specs-Card
|code=i-15_1934
|cockpit=cockpit_i-15_1934.jpg
}}
{{About
| about = Russian biplane '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = I-15 (Family)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Russian fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

The I-15 WR is a single-engine fighter developed by the OKB Polikarpov as the I-15 (TsKB-3), first released in 1934 which featured a biplane mixed design with a gull-type upper wing, open cockpit and non-retractable landing gear. The I-15 WR fighter was developed at the Central Design Bureau under the direction of N. N. Polikarpov. This aircraft was a further development and refinement of the existing I-5 and I-6 fighters. The main task of the designers when creating the I-15 WR was to improve aerodynamics without significant changes to the overall size of the aircraft. The first prototype first flew in October 1934 under the direction of test pilot V. P. Chkalov. This aircraft had an American 9-cylinder star-shaped, air-cooled engine Wright Cyclone SGR-1820-F-3 installed which had a take-off capacity of 715 litres.

Preparations for mass production of the I-15 began even before the completion of flight tests. The first serial fighter of its type, the I-15, was built at aircraft factory No. 39 the summer of 1934. The initial armament of this fighter series consisted of two 7.62 mm synchronized PV-1 machine guns (“Aircraft machine gun” - a version of Maxim machine gun designed for installation on aeroplanes) with 750 rounds of ammunition per barrel. Cartridges loaded into ammunition belts and were housed in the central part of the fuselage just behind the gas tank. Provisions were made to also collect the spent ammunition casings. Aiming the machine guns was carried out using an optical sight OP-1 (a variant of the British "Aldis"), which was placed on the edge of the pilot's visor. In the event the optical sight failed, a backup mechanical ring sight, the KP-5 was attached to the telescopic sight tube.

Under the lower wing, four Der-32 bomb racks could be installed for small-calibre bombs with a total mass of up to 40 kg (4 x P-7, or 4 x AO-8, or 4 x AO-10), however, two 50 kg FAB-50 bombs could be taken as maximum payload as is the option here in War Thunder. Total aircraft production in 1934, between the two Moscow Aviation Manufacturing Plants, No. 1 and No. 39 produced 94 I-15 fighters. The first batch of 50 aircraft featured the American SGR-1820-F-3 engines installed as manufactured, however, after April 1934 the rest of the Wright Cyclone engines underwent alterations and improvements at the request of Soviet engineers in which particular changes were made especially to the machine gun synchronization mechanism installed on the engine.

== General info ==
=== Flight Performance ===
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="8" | Characteristics
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Stock''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 3,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude<br>(meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time<br>(seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run<br>(meters)
|-
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
|-
| 358 || 348 || {{Specs|ceiling}} || 8.1 || 8.7 || 10.5 || 10.5 || 125
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Upgraded''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 3,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude<br>(meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time<br>(seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run<br>(meters)
|-
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
|-
| 379 || 368 || {{Specs|ceiling}} || 7.9 || 8.0 || 16.9 || 13.4 || 125
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps
! Take-off flaps
! Landing flaps
! Air brakes
! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wing-break speed<br>(km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear limit<br>(km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Combat flaps<br>(km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! +
! -
|-
|{{Specs|1=destruction|2=body}}||{{Specs|1=destruction|2=gear}} || 520 || ~11 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities
|-
! Ailerons<br>(km/h)
! Rudder<br>(km/h)
! Elevators<br>(km/h)
! Radiator<br>(km/h)
|-
| < 180 || < 360 || < 260 || > 180
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 1,000 m || 570 hp || N/A
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|PV-1 (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 7.62 mm PV-1 machine guns, nose-mounted (750 rpg = 3,000 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|FAB-50 (50 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 50 kg FAB-50 bombs (100 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in an aircraft, the features of using vehicles in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

'''Simulator:'''

The I-15 can be used in turnfighting, bomber intercepting and ground pounding. Like in AB and RB, it is excellent in turning tightly and continuously, and it has lovely low-speed handling and low stall speeds (unlike its successor I-16), making it a great starter plane for sim. However it does have its drawbacks: the rather big nose blocks the visibility a lot, offering very poor over-the-nose visibility which is a disadvantage in a turn fight, because when leading a shot the enemy will always get obstructed by the engine, making the player guess the shot. Also its upper wings will get in the way when you look aside. Plus, it has an awful telescope-like gunsight, so when zoomed in the I-15's nimbleness is magnified, making the aim super wobbly. You cannot see anything around which greatly reduces your situational awareness.

Note: it is recommended to set the convergence within 300m, with vertical convergence on, because the majority of turnfights happen at that range or closer.

Note 2: in a turnfight you must get used to shooting without zooming in, as you really can't see anything with its awkward scope when zoomed it. However when tailing a straight-flying plane that scope doesn't seem that bad

Before engaging a fight, it is better to have an altitude advantage first. When approaching the fight try to figure out which is your teammate and which is the enemy, to avoid going for a second pass, as the energy retention of the I-15 is rather slow. Also pick your target carefully. For easier aiming, you want to go for those unmaneuverble twin engine aircraft like [[Ju 88 (Family)|Ju 88]] or [[Ki-45 (Family)|Ki-45]], or bombers if there are any. Given the bad forward visibility of the I-15, these are the best options as they are quite slow and sluggish, and are a bigger target to hit. However getting hits on them doesn't mean good damage, so you must be patient. When dealing with fighters, it is way harder to aim. The elevator control of the I-15 is extremely sensitive, giving it good maneuverbility, but at the same time, bad handling. The I-15 will respond in a very fast turn upon moving your stick / mouse by a little bit, which makes tracking nimble planes quite hard. But once you get used to it, try to lure every enemy into a turnfight, as that is where the I-15 shines. Quite a bit of bullets are required to effectively damage the enemy so you must be patient. If you find an enemy at your 6, utilise your great roll rate to do defensive maneuvers like scissors to make them overshoot. Or you can simply do tight turns, most monoplanes won't be able to cut inside your turn and they might disengage.

If you are not very experienced in sim, you can also go for even bigger targets (bombers) for easier aiming. However you want to be more careful when hunting bombers, since with the Sim control (whether it be mouse joystick or a real stick) the plane will manoeuvre much more gently, making itself a great target for the bomber's gunners. DO NOT follow behind a bomber's 6 unless you are sure that its tail gunners are unconscious. Chasing behind a bomber makes yourself stationary for the tail gunners, and you will be showered with bullets. Your big radial engine will usually get damaged. Instead, before attacking, get an altitude advantage over the bomber by flying around 2 km above it. The bomber should only fill up about 1/6 of your gunsight. The best position for an attack is at the bomber's high 6 so you can adjust the lead much easier. Dive at the bomber, but not directly at it, try to predict where you two will crash by imagining yourself as a missile, that's where you should aim at (deflection shooting). To maximise the damage it is better to aim for their wings and engines, as the fuselage usually soaks up quite some bullets. Only fire when the bomber passes in front of your guns. This short window might seem inadequate to do anything, but with a accurate burst on the engine the 4 MG can at least damage it. With an engine damaged most bombers cannot go far.

Ground pounding ability is poor as there are only light bombs. The small 50kg bombs can be used on light pillboxes, or base bombing if you want, although the effect is almost non-existent. Once the suspended armaments are gone, the 4 MG are good for killing soft targets like trucks, artillery and AA cars.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

[[Ki-27 otsu|Ki-27]], [[N1K1]], [[He 51 (Family)|He 51]], [[Gladiator (Family)|Gladiator]], etc;

Those commonly seen planes are equally good at turnfights and will be a hard target to down since they are very small and agile. To deal with them you need to practice leading and deflection shots, plus maneuvers like barrel rolls and scissors. They still need plenty of bullets to get damaged, so these kind of targets are the hardest to kill and requires great skills from the player.

[[Do 17 Z-2|Do 17 Z]]:

This early twin engine plane always shows up as an AI controlled recon aircraft that you have to down, which is a good news as AI won't maneuver aggressively. However this plane is extremely durable for the I-15's weak MGs. When it shows up as an AI, deflection shots are not recommended as the small shooting windows really does nothing. Instead, try disabling its 2 gunners first, then just sit behind it and burst on its wings and engines. When attacking the gunners try to not get your engine damaged by pulling evasive maneuvers as soon as the bullets come close, since the Do 17 can outrun the I-15 in a level flight.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil
! Water
! Type
|-
| Controllable || rowspan="2" | Not controllable<br>Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Not controllable<br>Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Controllable<br>Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Separate || rowspan="2" | Not controllable<br>1 gear || rowspan="2" | Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="1" | Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! colspan="1" | Survivability
! colspan="1" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Radiator
|
| Offensive 7 mm
|-
| II
|
| Compressor
|
| New 7 mm MGs
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
| Airframe
| DZ-40
|-
| IV
|
|
| Cover
|
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Insane turn time of 8 seconds
* Four 7.62 mm machine guns are powerful for its rating
* Small target overall

'''Cons:'''

* First-Person zoom view can be obstructed by the telescope
* Vulnerable to heavy machine gun fire (ex. [[Browning M2 (12.7 mm)|.50 calibre M2 Browning]], [[Breda-SAFAT (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm Breda SAFAT]])
* Bomb load is not very good for attacking ground targets
* Rather slow in general compared to other aircraft at its rank

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== Encyclopedia Info ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Polikarpov}}
{{USSR fighters}}

I-15 WR

2020-09-12T19:41:00Z

U3032832: I-15 WR does not have flaps, corrected table of Features

{{Specs-Card
|code=i-15_1934
|cockpit=cockpit_i-15_1934.jpg
}}
{{About
| about = Russian biplane '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = I-15 (Family)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Russian fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

The I-15 WR is a single-engine fighter developed by the OKB Polikarpov as the I-15 (TsKB-3), first released in 1934 which featured a biplane mixed design with a gull-type upper wing, open cockpit and non-retractable landing gear. The I-15 WR fighter was developed at the Central Design Bureau under the direction of N. N. Polikarpov. This aircraft was a further development and refinement of the existing I-5 and I-6 fighters. The main task of the designers when creating the I-15 WR was to improve aerodynamics without significant changes to the overall size of the aircraft. The first prototype first flew in October 1934 under the direction of test pilot V. P. Chkalov. This aircraft had an American 9-cylinder star-shaped, air-cooled engine Wright Cyclone SGR-1820-F-3 installed which had a take-off capacity of 715 litres.

Preparations for mass production of the I-15 began even before the completion of flight tests. The first serial fighter of its type, the I-15, was built at aircraft factory No. 39 the summer of 1934. The initial armament of this fighter series consisted of two 7.62 mm synchronized PV-1 machine guns (“Aircraft machine gun” - a version of Maxim machine gun designed for installation on aeroplanes) with 750 rounds of ammunition per barrel. Cartridges loaded into ammunition belts and were housed in the central part of the fuselage just behind the gas tank. Provisions were made to also collect the spent ammunition casings. Aiming the machine guns was carried out using an optical sight OP-1 (a variant of the British "Aldis"), which was placed on the edge of the pilot's visor. In the event the optical sight failed, a backup mechanical ring sight, the KP-5 was attached to the telescopic sight tube.

Under the lower wing, four Der-32 bomb racks could be installed for small-calibre bombs with a total mass of up to 40 kg (4 x P-7, or 4 x AO-8, or 4 x AO-10), however, two 50 kg FAB-50 bombs could be taken as maximum payload as is the option here in War Thunder. Total aircraft production in 1934, between the two Moscow Aviation Manufacturing Plants, No. 1 and No. 39 produced 94 I-15 fighters. The first batch of 50 aircraft featured the American SGR-1820-F-3 engines installed as manufactured, however, after April 1934 the rest of the Wright Cyclone engines underwent alterations and improvements at the request of Soviet engineers in which particular changes were made especially to the machine gun synchronization mechanism installed on the engine.

== General info ==
=== Flight Performance ===
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="8" | Characteristics
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Stock''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 3,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude<br>(meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time<br>(seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run<br>(meters)
|-
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
|-
| 358 || 348 || {{Specs|ceiling}} || 8.1 || 8.7 || 10.5 || 10.5 || 125
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Upgraded''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 3,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude<br>(meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time<br>(seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run<br>(meters)
|-
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
|-
| 379 || 368 || {{Specs|ceiling}} || 7.9 || 8.0 || 16.9 || 13.4 || 125
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps
! Take-off flaps
! Landing flaps
! Air brakes
! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wing-break speed<br>(km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear limit<br>(km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Combat flaps<br>(km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! +
! -
|-
|{{Specs|1=destruction|2=body}}||{{Specs|1=destruction|2=gear}} || 520 || ~11 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities
|-
! Ailerons<br>(km/h)
! Rudder<br>(km/h)
! Elevators<br>(km/h)
! Radiator<br>(km/h)
|-
| < 180 || < 360 || < 260 || > 180
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 1,000 m || 570 hp || N/A
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|PV-1 (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 7.62 mm PV-1 machine guns, nose-mounted (750 rpg = 3,000 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|FAB-50 (50 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 50 kg FAB-50 bombs (100 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in an aircraft, the features of using vehicles in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

'''Simulator:'''

The I-15 can be used in turnfighting, bomber intercepting and ground pounding. Like in AB and RB, it is excellent in turning tightly and continuously, and it has lovely low-speed handling and low stall speeds (unlike its successor I-16), making it a great starter plane for sim. However it does have its drawbacks: the rather big nose blocks the visibility a lot, offering very poor over-the-nose visibility which is a disadvantage in a turn fight, because when leading a shot the enemy will always get obstructed by the engine, making the player guess the shot. Also its upper wings will get in the way when you look aside. Plus, it has an awful telescope-like gunsight, so when zoomed in the I-15's nimbleness is magnified, making the aim super wobbly. You cannot see anything around which greatly reduces your situational awareness.

Note: it is recommended to set the convergence within 300m, with vertical convergence on, because the majority of turnfights happen at that range or closer.

Note 2: in a turnfight you must get used to shooting without zooming in, as you really can't see anything with its awkward scope when zoomed it. However when tailing a straight-flying plane that scope doesn't seem that bad

Before engaging a fight, it is better to have an altitude advantage first. When approaching the fight try to figure out which is your teammate and which is the enemy, to avoid going for a second pass, as the energy retention of the I-15 is rather slow. Also pick your target carefully. For easier aiming, you want to go for those unmaneuverble twin engine aircraft like [[Ju 88 (Family)|Ju 88]] or [[Ki-45 (Family)|Ki-45]], or bombers if there are any. Given the bad forward visibility of the I-15, these are the best options as they are quite slow and sluggish, and are a bigger target to hit. However getting hits on them doesn't mean good damage, so you must be patient. When dealing with fighters, it is way harder to aim. The elevator control of the I-15 is extremely sensitive, giving it good maneuverbility, but at the same time, bad handling. The I-15 will respond in a very fast turn upon moving your stick / mouse by a little bit, which makes tracking nimble planes quite hard. But once you get used to it, try to lure every enemy into a turnfight, as that is where the I-15 shines. Quite a bit of bullets are required to effectively damage the enemy so you must be patient. If you find an enemy at your 6, utilise your great roll rate to do defensive maneuvers like scissors to make them overshoot. Or you can simply do tight turns, most monoplanes won't be able to cut inside your turn and they might disengage.

If you are not very experienced in sim, you can also go for even bigger targets (bombers) for easier aiming. However you want to be more careful when hunting bombers, since with the Sim control (whether it be mouse joystick or a real stick) the plane will manoeuvre much more gently, making itself a great target for the bomber's gunners. DO NOT follow behind a bomber's 6 unless you are sure that its tail gunners are unconscious. Chasing behind a bomber makes yourself stationary for the tail gunners, and you will be showered with bullets. Your big radial engine will usually get damaged. Instead, before attacking, get an altitude advantage over the bomber by flying around 2 km above it. The bomber should only fill up about 1/6 of your gunsight. The best position for an attack is at the bomber's high 6 so you can adjust the lead much easier. Dive at the bomber, but not directly at it, try to predict where you two will crash by imagining yourself as a missile, that's where you should aim at (deflection shooting). To maximise the damage it is better to aim for their wings and engines, as the fuselage usually soaks up quite some bullets. Only fire when the bomber passes in front of your guns. This short window might seem inadequate to do anything, but with a accurate burst on the engine the 4 MG can at least damage it. With an engine damaged most bombers cannot go far.

Ground pounding ability is poor as there are only light bombs. The small 50kg bombs can be used on light pillboxes, or base bombing if you want, although the effect is almost non-existent. Once the suspended armaments are gone, the 4 MG are good for killing soft targets like trucks, artillery and AA cars.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

[[Ki-27 otsu|Ki-27]], [[N1K1]], [[He 51 (Family)|He 51]], [[Gladiator (Family)|Gladiator]], etc;

Those commonly seen planes are equally good at turnfights and will be a hard target to down since they are very small and agile. To deal with them you need to practice leading and deflection shots, plus maneuvers like barrel rolls and scissors. They still need plenty of bullets to get damaged, so these kind of targets are the hardest to kill and requires great skills from the player.

[[Do 17 Z-2|Do 17 Z]]:

This early twin engine plane always shows up as an AI controlled recon aircraft that you have to down, which is a good news as AI won't maneuver aggressively. However this plane is extremely durable for the I-15's weak MGs. When it shows up as an AI, deflection shots are not recommended as the small shooting windows really does nothing. Instead, try disabling its 2 gunners first, then just sit behind it and burst on its wings and engines. When attacking the gunners try to not get your engine damaged by pulling evasive maneuvers as soon as the bullets come close, since the Do 17 can outrun the I-15 in a level flight.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil
! Water
! Type
|-
| Controllable || rowspan="2" | Not controllable<br>Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Not controllable<br>Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Controllable<br>Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Separate || rowspan="2" | Not controllable<br>1 gear || rowspan="2" | Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="1" | Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! colspan="1" | Survivability
! colspan="1" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Radiator
|
| Offensive 7 mm
|-
| II
|
| Compressor
|
| New 7 mm MGs
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
| Airframe
| DZ-40
|-
| IV
|
|
| Cover
|
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Insane turn time of 8 seconds
* Four 7.62 mm machine guns are powerful for its rating
* Small target overall

'''Cons:'''

* First-Person zoom view can be obstructed by the telescope
* Vulnerable to heavy machine gun fire (ex. [[Browning M2 (12.7 mm)|.50 calibre M2 Browning]], [[Breda-SAFAT (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm Breda SAFAT]])
* Bomb load is not very good for attacking ground targets
* Rather slow in general compared to other aircraft at its rank

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== Encyclopedia Info ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Polikarpov}}
{{USSR fighters}}

Fw 190 A-5/U2

2020-09-04T18:17:58Z

U3032832: added history and references

{{Specs-Card|code=fw-190a-5_u2}}
{{About
| about = German fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other variants
| link = Fw 190 (Family)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_Fw190A5U2.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27. ''"Würger"'' is the German nickname of this beast of a plane. It can be translated as ''slayer'', ''choker'', or ''strangler''. They fit the English designation rather well, too: The ''"Butcher-bird"''.

The Fw 190s are fighters, however, this one can operate in a multi-role by loading external payloads. The added ordinance will increase the aircraft's damage dealing capability, however, it will also negatively affect the fighter weight and aerodynamics, thus its combat ability too. Using it as a fighter-bomber (German: ''"Jabo"'') is generally not advised, whereas this would typically be the duty of the [[Fw 190 F-8|190 F-8]].

The best load out for a bombing role is a single 500 kg bomb. This will allow for slight inaccuracy as the extra 50 kg bombs are usually useless except a direct hit. To attack, be 1 km (3,000 ft) above the target and dive with throttle back and combat flaps extended with the aiming recital just in front of the Target. At 300 m release the bomb and use full elevator to pull out of the dive (don't forget to retract combat flaps during pull-out). Note if the altitude is any lower without a timer when detonated, the bomb may also destroy you too. If attacking ships, attack inline with the Stern and bow to give you more of a target to hit, attacking from the port or starboard sides gives you a very small margin of error with the bomb falling short or going long past the ship.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude<br>(metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time<br>(seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run<br>(metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 642 || 621 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.7 || 22.5 || 10.6 || 10.6 || rowspan="2" | 391
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 700 || 310 || ~14 || ~7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 420 || < 240 || < 550 || > 280
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 1,500 m || 1,604 hp || 1,822 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,900 m || 1,444 hp || 1,640 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===


* 3 mm Steel - Engine cowling
* 5 mm Steel - Engine cowling
* 6 mm Steel - Under engine plate
* 8 mm Steel - Under fuel tanks
* 5 mm Steel - Behind rear fuel tank
* 8 mm Steel - Seat plate
* 6 mm Steel - Seat plate
* 12 mm Steel - Headrest plate
* 57 mm Bulletproof glass

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, wing-mounted (250 rpg = 500 total)

The two cannons are arranged with one mounted in each of the wings near the wing roots. If continuously fired, both cannons will run out of ammunition at the same time.

=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|SC50JA (50 kg)|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)|Wfr.Gr.21}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (200 kg total)
* 1 x 250 kg SC250JA bomb (250 kg total)
* 1 x 500 kg SC500K bomb (500 kg total)
* 2 x Wfr.Gr.21 rockets

== Usage in battles ==

[[File:Fw190a5_cockpit.jpg|thumbnail|right|The Fw 190 A-5's instrument panel.]]
The Fw 190A-5/U2, as all the planes in this line, are some of the best "Boom and Zoomers" in the game and should be flown exclusively in this style. The performance at high speeds is excellent, as is their dive and zoom characteristics. '''Do not ever engage in a turn fight''' as this will most likely end bad. Instead fight only in the vertical. Try to have an altitude, or speed advantage over your opponents (by climbing to the side at the start of the battle and then enter the highest battle you see). But you can still win fights, when you are lower in energy than your foe.

====Tactics====

In the defensive, you can often just dive away from planes, such as Spitfires and La-5s, but you need at a decent altitude to gain top speed, so do not be too quick to dive after an enemy, if they fly below your plane. Unless you are higher then everybody else, or alone. Just be sure then to have the time to regain the lost altitude.

In a dive the 190 can, due its short wings, pull quite some ''stunts'' to either lose the hunter, or even make him loose his own wings! This is favourable strategy against La-5s, [[Yak-9T|Yak]]s & Spitfires who have due their low wingloading (and partly woodenwings for the Russians), less resistance against high G maneuvers. Again be sure to regain your energy by a zoom-climb. Just look out while doing so, many pilots die as they do not notice a second enemy aircraft approaching. German proverb:''"Wenn Zwei sich streiten, freut sich der Dritte."'' ~ "When two quarrel, the third will reap the success." Of course this could also be you.

====Counter-tactics====

When facing a A5/U2 you want to start out with an energy advantage. Things that you don't want to allow are head ons or prolonged dives, both of these favor the FW's durable construction. Other things that you should be wary off is to never underestimate the high speed agility off the FW or its ability to sustain damage. If you can get a FW to engage in a prolonged turnfight then you've essentially won. FW's are going to position themselves in a way that either allows a head on or a dive on your tail, by cutting into their dive you can force them to steepen it and most likely have to zoom out . Head ons are best avoided unless you're in an equally well armed and armored plane such as an F4U-1c, in which they are still risky.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable<br>Not auto controlled || Not controllable<br>Not auto controlled || Controllable<br>Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable<br>2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! Survivability
! colspan="2" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Radiator
|
|
| ETC 50
|-
| II
|
| Compressor
| Airframe
| Offensive 20 mm
| ETC 501 I
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
|
|
| ETC 501 II
|-
| IV
|
| Engine injection
| Cover
| New 20 mm cannons
| R6 modification
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Durable construction and power plant
* Great diver and can pull high-G manoeuvres
* Great energy retention
* More manoeuvrable than the normal [[Fw 190 A-5|A5]] due to loss of two cannons
* Able to mount bombs or suspended armament
* Suspended armament provides devastating firepower only rivaled by some heavy or jet fighters.

'''Cons:'''

* Slow turn time
* Mediocre climber
* All about planning and positioning when fighting a foe
* Mediocre acceleration
* Additional armaments impact the planes performance significantly more than most other gunpods.

== History ==


The '''Fw 190 A-5/U2''' was a modification of the A-5 used for ground attack during the night. Tests conducted in June 1943 were carried out with fairings attached to the engine cowling in order to dampen and obscure the exhaust flames, hiding the airplane in the night sky. An experimental A-5/U2 was flown in simulated attacks on a Ju-88A and it was discovered that the Fw 190 could only be seen at maximum engine power at high altitude.<ref name="Shacklady1" /> Several airframes were then brought to the A-5/U2 standard with the modified engine cowling, ETC 250 bomb rack, provisions for 300L fuel tanks under the wings, a modified radio and a landing searchlight.<ref name="Shacklady2" />

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

* Shacklady, Edward. ''Butcher Bird: The Focke-Wulf Fw 190.'' Bristol: Cerberus Publishing, 2005.

== References ==
<references>
<ref name="Shacklady1">Edward Shacklady, ''Butcher Bird: The Focke-Wulf Fw 190'' (Bristol: Cerberus Publishing, 2005), p. 104.</ref>
<ref name="Shacklady2">''Ibid.'', p. 105.</ref>
</references>

{{AirManufacturer Focke-Wulf}}
{{Germany fighters}}

IPM1

2020-04-23T22:25:12Z

U3032832: added history and references

{{Specs-Card|code=us_m1_ip_abrams}}
{{About
| about= American medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1= other vehicles of the family
| link-1= M1 Abrams (Family)
| usage-2= other uses of the designation
| link-2= M1 (Disambiguation)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''', or just '''{{Specs|pseudonym}}''', is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.81 "The Valkyries"]].

The IPM1 (Improved Performance M1) is a minor upgrade upon the protection of the [[M1 Abrams]]. This is primarily confined to improved composite protection in the turret cheeks, resulting in a slightly lengthened turret. The IPM1 maintains the same engine, weapon and other internals of the M1.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===


The IPM1 maintains the protective measures and survivability of the original M1 Abrams, with the exception of a minor increase in the levels of composite protection. The result is a notable improvement in chemical protection and a minor improvement in kinetic protection. As with its predecessor, the turret cheeks and UFP are quite effective at deflecting ATGMs and HEAT rounds with only a few exceptions (such as the ADATS' 900 mm penetration missiles). Despite the improved protection, the IPM1 is still vulnerable to turret ring, gun mantlet and lower front plate shots, and particularly powerful kinetic rounds through the turret cheeks.

The Abrams' survivability comes not from armour, but rather from the spread-out crew members and critical components, and blowout panel protecting the crew from ammunition detonation. Often this results in enemies needing to make the choice of either disabling the vehicle's mobility ''or'' its offensive ability with their initial round; allowing the Abrams either to escape further damage or fire back.

Rounds that penetrate the rear panel between the turret crew compartment and blowout compartment will negate the blowout protection, causing any potential ammunition detonation to knock the vehicle's crew out as well.

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=2058|rbMinHp=1343}}

The {{PAGENAME}} retains the same engine as the original M1 Abrams with a minor increase (+0.9t) in weight due to the armour improvements. As such, the {{PAGENAME}} suffers from a minimal reduction in top speed but will still comfortably reach 70km/h on-road. Despite the hugely powerful engine, the vehicle's manoeuvrability suffers prior to the Tracks upgrade being researched; once Tracks have been purchased the IPM1 will perform significantly better in close quarters or in off-road applications.

As with the original Abrams, the {{PAGENAME}} largely relies on its powerful engine to get it to the battlefield earlier than other vehicles and into advantageous positions.

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|M68A1 (105 mm)}}

Like its predecessor, the IPM1 is equipped with a reliable 105 mm M68A1 cannon, and also has access to the same ammunition. The 105mm cannon is somewhat sub-par relative to the weaponry other top rank vehicles are equipped with, but an experienced tanker can make use of the decent round ballistics and incredibly good reload speeds to quickly despatch targets. It's important to know what the cannon is capable of and where weak spots are on enemy vehicles, particularly when facing more modern vehicles such as the Leopard 2A5 and T-80U.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M68A1 (105 mm)|105 mm M68A1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 55 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 38.08 || 52.71 || 64.00 || __.__ || 75.29 || rowspan="2" | 6.50 || rowspan="2" | 5.75 || rowspan="2" | 5.30 || rowspan="2" | 5.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 23.8 || 28.0 || 34.0 || 37.6 || 40.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| M393A2 || HESH || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127
|-
| M456A2 || HEATFS || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400
|-
| M735 || APFSDS || 353 || 350 || 342 || 333 || 322 || 312
|-
| M774 || APFSDS || 357 || 355 || 347 || 338 || 328 || 319
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| M393A2 || HESH || 732 || 14.85 || 0.4 || 0.1 || 4,306 || 73° || 77° || 80°
|-
| M456A2 || HEATFS || 1,173 || 10.5 || N/A || 0.1 || 1,271 || 65° || 72° || 77°
|-
| M735 || APFSDS || 1,501 || 3.7 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 76° || 77° || 80°
|-
| M774 || APFSDS || 1,509 || 3.4 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity<br>(m/s)
! Projectile<br>Mass (kg)
! Screen radius<br>(m)
! Screen deploy time<br>(s)
! Screen hold time<br>(s)
! Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| M416 || 730 || 11.4 || 20 || 5 || 25 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
'''Last updated: 1.77.2.68'''
[[File:Ammoracks_M1Abrams.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the M1 Abrams.]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full<br>ammo
! 1st<br>rack empty
! 2nd<br>rack empty
! 3rd<br>rack empty
! 4th<br>rack empty
! Visual<br>discrepancy
|-
| '''55''' || 33 ''(+22)'' || 25 ''(+30)'' || 3 ''(+52)'' || 0 ''(+55)'' || No
|-
|}

Blowout rack only: 45 ''(+10)''

First ammo rack will replenish when not reloading

==== [[Optics]] ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="3" | {{PAGENAME}} Optics
|-
!
! Default magnification
! Maximum magnification
|-
! Main Gun optics
| x3.0 || x10.0
|-
! Comparable optics
| colspan="2" | ___
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M240 (7.62 mm)}}

The IPM1 is equipped with no less than three machine guns - while most often these are only valuable for clearing obstacles or tagging enemy vehicles, on occasion they might prove valuable dealing with close air support or nearby helicopters, as well as some light vehicles.

Additionally, due to the barrage of rounds produced when all three machine guns are fired simultaneously, they can sometimes be used to obstruct an enemy vehicle's gun sight simply by shooting their main gun (AB/RB) or their optics (SB)

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount
! Capacity<br>(Belt capacity)
! Rate of fire<br>(shots/minute)
! Vertical<br>guidance
! Horizontal<br>guidance
|-
| Commander's cupola || 1,000 (200) || 576 || -9°/+65° || -160°/+180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M240 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M240]]
|-
! Mount
! Capacity<br>(Belt capacity)
! Rate of fire<br>(shots/minute)
! Vertical<br>guidance
! Horizontal<br>guidance
|-
| Loader's cupola || 1,400 (200) || 750 || -9°/+65° || -77°/+135°
|-
| Coaxial || 10,000 (200) || 750 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The IPM1 should primarily rely on its speed and reload time to quickly despatch enemies and move back into cover. Where possible, make flanking manoeuvres or use the Abrams' mobility to get into forward positions with the intention to catch unsuspecting targets off. Be aware, however, that the Abrams is only marginally faster than vehicles like the Leopard 2K and T-80U.

When forced into open or ranged engagements, use cover to protect your hull; while the turret may provide insufficient protection keeping the hull safe will often allow you to move back into cover if hit or damaged and repair or relocate, rather than losing your mobility and ability to escape.

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Mobility
! Protection
! colspan="3" | Firepower
|-
| I
| Tracks
|
| Parts
| Horizontal Drive
| M393A2
|
|-
| II
| Suspension
| Brake System
| FPE
| Adjustment of Fire
| M416
| Smoke grenade
|-
| III
| Filters
|
| Crew Replenishment
| Elevation Mechanism
| NVD
|
|-
| IV
| Transmission
| Engine
| ESS
| Artillery Support
| Laser rangefinder
| M774
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''
* Composite armour in turret cheeks and UFP are capable of stopping all but the most powerful chemical rounds and ATGMs
* Has a very fast reload, 6.5 seconds stock down to 5.0 seconds aced
* Very powerful engine, high top speed and good acceleration characteristics
* Extremely good reverse speed
* Fast turret traverse
* Extremely fast gun elevation/depression
* Well spread crew and critical components result in good survivability
* Blowout compartment can save crew from some ammunition detonation cases
* Array of machine guns, effective against CAS, nearby helicopters and some light vehicles

'''Cons:'''
* Armour provides suboptimal kinetic protection
* The 105mm APFSDS rounds aren't particularly powerful; may struggle to penetrate some modern targets
* Extra armour reduces top speed and acceleration
* Extremely vulnerable gun mantlet and turret ring
* Turbine engine is extremely loud, often audible from long distance and can be used to discern the direction of the vehicle

== History ==


=== Development: M1 ===

With the cancellation of the MBT-70/XM-803 program in 1971, a new program to research and create prototypes for a main battle tank was created in 1972 known as the Main Battle Tank Task Force (MBTTF) at Fort Knox. General Motors and Chrysler were eventually selected to submit drafts and designs and by the end of 1973 there were scale mock-ups of the XM1 prototypes. The design was featured around the previously used 105 mm M68 gun along with a high powered engine for increased mobility.<ref name="Hunnicut1" /> It was decided to explore new types of composite armour, and the Chobham armour being developing in Britain at the time was examined although it was not used in the XM1 prototypes.<ref name="Hunnicut2" /> The XM1 was tested in 1976, and by the end of the year Chrysler was chosen to create extensive engineering test vehicles.<ref name="Hunnicut3" />

Testing of the Full Scale Engineering Development (FSED) prototypes took place in 1978 and 1979 with 11 vehicles being produced. By this time the Honeywell AGT-1500 gas turbine engine was installed. After successful modifications and testing, initial production was approved in 1979 for a series of 110 units.<ref name="Hunnicut4" /> Following more testing and finalization, production of the standardized '''105 mm Gun Tank, M1''' Abrams was approved in 1981, with the production run lasting until January 1985 and over 2,300 vehicles being made.<ref name="Hunnicut5" />

=== Development: IPM1 ===

The '''105 mm Gun Tank M1, Improved Performance''' was a modification of the original M1 Abrams tank that was produced between October 1984 through May 1986 with a total of 894 vehicles being produced. The changes made to create the Improved Performance models were taken from the ongoing Block I development program for the M1 Abrams, which would eventually produce the M1A1. Additional NERA armour protection in the turret was added, an upgraded suspension and changes to the transmission gears all added substantial weight and the maximum speed was reduced from 45 to 41.5 mph (72.4 to 67.8 km/h). In addition, more stowage racks were added to the turret, which was elongated to fit the additional composite armour arrays.<ref name= "Hunnicut6" />

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|5hWb_841D7w|'''The Shooting Range #119''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 06:57 discusses the IPM1. - ''Tactics & Strategy'' section at 09:41 discusses how to defeat the IPM1.}}

== See also ==

* [[M1 Abrams]] - Predecessor without the "Improved Performance" upgrades.

== External links ==

* [[wt:en/news/5782-development-to-minnesota-for-the-abrams-en|[Devblog] To Minnesota for the “Abrams”]]
* Hunnicut, R.P. ''Abrams: A History of the American Main Battle Tank.'' Novato: Presidio Press, 1990.

== References ==
<references>
<ref name="Hunnicut1">R.P. Hunnicut, "Abrams: A History of the American Main Battle Tank" (Novato: Presidio Press, 1990), pp. 161-162.</ref>
<ref name="Hunnicut2">''Ibid.,'' pp. 176-177.</ref>
<ref name="Hunnicut3">''Ibid.,'' p. 181.</ref>
<ref name="Hunnicut4">''Ibid.,'' pp. 195-202.</ref>
<ref name="Hunnicut5">''Ibid.,'' p. 216.</ref>
<ref name="Hunnicut6">''Ibid.,'' p. 230.</ref>
</references>

{{USA medium tanks}}

F6F-5N

2020-03-22T17:56:52Z

U3032832: /* Usage in battles */ minor rewrite and slight expansion of usage in battles section

{{Specs-Card
|code=f6f-5n
|cockpit=334567/1111203
}}
{{About
| about = American naval fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = the French version
| link-1 = F6F-5N (France)
| usage-2 = other versions
| link-2 = F6F (Family)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American naval fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.65 "Way of the Samurai"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="8" | Characteristics
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Stock''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 5,730 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude<br>(meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time<br>(seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run<br>(meters)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
| 602 || 581 || {{Specs|ceiling}} || 22.2 || 23.1 || 8.1 || 8.1 || 399
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Upgraded''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 5,730 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude<br>(meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time<br>(seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run<br>(meters)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
| 661 || 629 || {{Specs|ceiling}} || 19.8 || 21.0 || 16.7 || 11.8 || 399
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wing-break speed<br>(km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear limit<br>(km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Combat flaps<br>(km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! + !! -
|-
|803|| {{Specs|destruction|chassis}} || 510 || ~11 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities
|-
! Ailerons<br>(km/h)
! Rudder<br>(km/h)
! Elevators<br>(km/h)
! Radiator<br>(km/h)
|-
| < 432 || < 420 || < 420 || > 420
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 518 m || 2,000 hp || 2,398 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 4,724 m || 1,800 hp || 2,158 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 3
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 6,400 m || 1,650 hp || 1,978 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===


* 3 mm steel - below the engine and above cooling system
* 6.35 mm steel - behind the pilot
* 38 mm bulletproof glass - armoured windscreen

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===
[[File:F6F_Pilot_Protection.png|thumb|right|300px|A page from the F63/F6F pilots manual detailing protective angles against enemy weapons.]]

{{main|AN/M2 (20 mm)|Browning M2 (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm AN/M2 cannons, wing-mounted (231 rpg = 462 total)
* 4 x 12.7 mm Browning M2 machine guns, wing-mounted (400 rpg = 1,600 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|AN-M65A1 (1,000 lb)|Tiny Tim|HVAR|Mk.13/44}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 6 x HVAR rockets
* 2 x Tiny Tim rockets
* 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)
* 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs + 6 x HVAR rockets (2,000 lb total)
* 1 x Mk.13/44 torpedo

== Usage in battles ==

The F6F-5N was a versatile fighter during World War II and it proves this with both the capabilities of the airframe along with the varied ordnance it can carry. The powerful weapons that the F6F-5N has on-board can make short work of enemy aircraft and some ground targets, and the sizable amount of suspended weapons allows the aircraft to be used in support roles when attacking critical ground targets. In addition, employment of the radar can make the F6F-5N a deadly fighter in night combat or in adverse weather conditions.

'''Aerial combat'''

This F6F-5N has a powerful engine and a relatively heavy airframe, which allows it to perform well in diving and manoeuvering attacks. Against aircraft that are less manoeuverable or are unable to maintain speed during combat the F6F-5N can easily take them out. When fighting lighter and more nimble enemies, it pays to be cautious and not commit into a fight without having superior energy to escape if it becomes necessary.

During the night, the radar becomes and invaluable tool to seek out and destroy enemy aircraft. It is best to position the aircraft where targets can be detected from the side or rear aspect which allows the F6F-5N to follow them and shoot them down. Take note of the limited range of the radar and that targets may only be visible up to a few kilometers away. A helpful range setting for the radar is the 9.25 km (5.75 mi) scan distance, as further options can make it difficult to properly find and chase down targets. When moving in closer, switching to the 1.85 km (1.15 mi) scan distance can make it easier to stay on a target from behind as well as transition to the radar track mode.

'''Ground attack'''

The F6F-5N is effective in ground attack where it can be outfitted with either bombs or rockets. The 1,000 lb bombs have a devastating effect on ships and hardened structures, and especially on vehicles which are clustered in a compact area. The agility of the aircraft makes it ideal to outfit rockets, which can be dropped if not needed. The larger Tiny Tim rockets will pack a huge punch against heavily armoured vehicles or static defenses (such as heavy tanks or pillboxes) and ships. The Tiny Tims can even be used to finish off an enemy base that has very little health remaining. HVAR rockets work best when reserved for lighter armoured vehicles some hardened concrete structures and bombers.

'''Naval attack'''

Although the bombs and rockets that the F6F-5N can carry are able to be used against naval targets, they can place the aircraft into dangerous situations when attacking ships. The F6F-5N can carry a single Mk.13/44 torpedo which will prove deadly against any naval enemy. Using it effectively requires planning ahead of time, as simply charging straight at a ship will likely end up in a lost aircraft. Working around terrain such as islands and hills to sneak in close and dropping the torpedo at the latest possible time can result in a sunken ship and a living aircraft.

===Radars===
{{main|AN/APS-6}}
The F6F-5N is equipped with an [[AN/APS-6]] search and tracking radar. The radar is mounted in a pod under the right wing tip.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | [[AN/APS-6]] - Target Detection Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum<br/>Detection<br/>Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Guaranteed<br/>Detection<br/>Range|The range, below which, detection of a target is practically guaranteed}}
! {{Annotation|Max Azimuth<br/>Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Max Elevation<br/>Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
|-
| 60,000 m<br />(theoretical) || 7,200 m || ±60° || ±60°
|-
! colspan="4" | [[AN/APS-6]] - Target Tracking Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum<br/>Tracking<br/>Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum<br/>Tracking<br/>Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking<br/>Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking<br/>Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
|-
| 1,000 m || 150 m || ±15° || ±15°
|-
|}

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable<br>Not auto controlled || Controllable<br>Not auto controlled || Controllable<br>Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable<br>3 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! Survivability
! colspan="2" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Radiator
|
| Offensive 12 mm
| ITC mk.III
|-
| II
|
| Compressor
| Airframe
| New 12 mm MGs
| FRC mk.2
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
|
| Offensive 20 mm
| LFRC mk.12
|-
| IV
|
| Engine injection
| Cover
| New 20 mm cannons
| FLBC mk.1
|-
|}

Payload modules unlock the following:

* ITC mk.III: One torpedo
* FRC mk.2: Six HVAR rockets
* LFRC mk.12: Two Tiny Tims
* FLBC mk.1: Two 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Cannon armament
* Great variety of weapons for any map, aerial combat, ground attack and maps with naval ships
* Decent climb rate and manoeuverability
* Has a search and tracking radar
* Capable of operating from an aircraft carrier

'''Cons:'''

* Slower than the standard F6F-5
* Not as energy-efficient in a climb as other American aircraft (such as the P-47)
* Overall worse performance than F6F

== History ==

[[File:F6F 5N Cockpit Manual.png|thumb|right|320px|A page from the F6F Hellcat Pilot's Manual showing the differences found in the F6F-5N cockpit, with the radio altimeter indicator and radar scope being pointed out.]]
The F6F-5N was a modification of the standard F6F-5 for use as a night fighter. These aircraft were fitted with additional equipment in the form of a radio altimeter and radar. The Westinghouse AN/APS-6 radar was installed on the starboard wing of the F6F-5N, with units being completed in middle and late 1944. The APS-6 served as a method to search and destroy hostile aircraft in conditions with zero visibility, with data being displayed in a standard B-scope view of the target azimuth on the x-axis and target range on the y-axis. Aside from target search and tracking, the APS-6 could also be used in a navigation role by tracking a radar emitter or beacon with a search range of up to 100 miles.<ref name="ibiblio" /> Due to the simplifications from the earlier AN/APS-4 radar, the APS-6 was small enough to be installed in single-engine aircraft which allowed for independent action among night fighters. Another feature of the F6F-5N was the Type GR-1 automatic pilot, which gave pilots the ability to maintain a stable flight attitude with minimal input. Just as with the F6F-5, the -5N used the Pratt & Whitney R-2800-10W and had provisions to used a mixed armament of 2x 20 mm M2 cannons and 4x .50 cal Browning machine guns. The F6F-5N is noted as being one of the better American night fighters during World War II and was chosen to be a night fighter over other aircraft such as the F4U Corsair.<ref name="ibiblio" />

== Media ==

<div><ul>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:F6F_FN_and_Tiny_Tim.png|thumb|none|350px|An underside view of a '''{{PAGENAME}}''' carrying two [[Tiny Tim]] rockets. These rockets had to be released before igniting so to clear the propeller arc.]]</li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:F6F_FN_firing_Tiny_Tim.png|thumb|none|375px|A view of a '''{{PAGENAME}}''' firing off a [[Tiny Tim]] rocket at an enemy target.]]</li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:Tiny_Tim_shackle.png|thumb|none|320px|A side view of the shackle connection of the [[Tiny Tim]] rocket to the external pylon of the '''{{PAGENAME}}'''.]]</li>
</ul></div>

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

* AviationShoppe link for '''[https://aviationshoppe.com/manuals/grumman_f6f_flight_manual/f6f.html Grumman F6F Hellcat Pilot's Manual]'''
* Ibiblio HyperWar link for '''[https://ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/ref/NightFighterRadars/USNFRadar2.html "The AN/APS-6 Aircraft Radar"]'''

== References ==
<references>
<ref name="ibiblio">"The AN/APS-6 Aircraft Radar" in ''Westinghouse in World War 2: Radio and X-ray Divsions,'' Westinghouse Electric & Mfg.Co., Inc, 1946.</ref>
</references>

{{AirManufacturer Grumman}}
{{USA fighters}}

Airborne radars

2020-03-14T05:33:19Z

U3032832: clarification of MiG-21SMT radar, as the correct designation of the radar is the Sapfir-21/RP-22 but it is called su_sapphire_21 in the game files, so RP-21 is an incorrect mix (and is confusing as RP-21 is a different radar)

[[File:Radar Engagement.jpg|x400px|border|right]]

__TOC__

==Overview==
'''Airborne Radars''' were added to the game in [[Update 1.87 "Locked On"]]. Airborne Radars are found on aircraft at both low and high ranks, if an aircraft is equipped with radar then a radar display will be present in the left portion of a player's screen, there will also be compass displaying the player's current heading at the top of the screen.

There are two main types of airborne radar in the game, target detection (search) radars and target tracking radars. Target detection radars will detect aircraft (both friendly and hostile) and display them as a "blip" on the radar display, it will also place a triangle on the compass showing what direction the detected aircraft is in. Target Tracking radars are more advanced; they allow the player to "lock-on" to a target. Once a target has been locked on to, a box will appear around it on the HUD and a read out will provide the distance to the target and the closing speed between the player's aircraft and the target. Depending on the aircraft being flown tracking radars may also be able to provide an accurate firing lead indicator, once the player closes to within approximately 0.7 km.

==Airborne radar controls==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="3" | Airborne Radar Controls
|-
! Control name
! Default Keybind<br />(PC keyboard & mouse)
! Description
|-
| Switch radar search on / off || Alt + R || Turns the vehicle's search radar on or off
|-
| Change radar mode || Unbound || Switches the radar between search mode and tracking mode (only applies to multi-mode radars)
|-
| Change radar search mode || Unbound || Toggles between the radars search modes e.g. narrow scan or wide scan
|-
| Change radar scope scale || Unbound || Changes the range scale of the radar display
|-
| Select radar target to lock on || Alt + T || Selects which target on the display to lock on to
|-
| Lock radar target on || Alt + F || Locks onto the selected or nearest target on radar display or turns tracking radar on

|-
|}

==Airborne radars user interface==
===Basic user interface===
[[File:Aircraft_Radar_HUD_Labelled.jpg|thumb|400px|right|The HUD for aircraft equipped with Radar]]
As previously mentioned aircraft equipped with radars can be identified by the presence of the radar display and compass on the HUD (see image to the right).

Below the compass rose there is a small arrow which displays the aircraft's current heading. Targets detected by the radar will also have their bearing displayed on the compass as a triangle.

One or two radar scopes will be present in the left hand portion of the screen; they are discussed in detail later in the article. A lightning bolt above the radar display indicated that one or both of the aircraft's radars is activated. If the radar is experiencing surface clutter interference than another icon (visible in the image to the right) will be present next to the power indicator, consisting of two arrows and a series of bars. The number of bars illuminated indicates how severe surface clutter is (one bar means minor interference, four bars means major interference); if the aircraft has two radars activated then each one will have its own surface clutter indicator.

There are several different types of radar target which can appear on the radar display and compass. A basic radar target will appear as a smudge on the radar display and a triangle on the compass. The radar target which is selected will appear with a vertical line either side of it; and the radar target which is locked on to will appear with a box around it. Some radars are fitted with Identification Friend or Foe (IFF) systems, these radars will display friendly radar targets with a horizontal line below them.

[[File:Radar_Target_Types.png|thumb|600px|left|The different types of targets. Instead of a dot targets on the radar display will appear as a sort of smudge, and targets on the compass as a triangle, but designations will remain same]]{{break}}

===Radar display types===
====Plan Position Indicator (PPI)====
[[File:Radar PPI Labelled.jpg|thumb|400px|right|The plan position indicator radar display]]
The default display is a "Plan Position Indicator" (PPI) type display. It is a in the shape of a circular segment and represents a top down view of the area around the aircraft. The radar is located in the bottom centre of the display; the distance a target is from the centre point shows how far away it is, while it's angle from the centre line shows it's azimuth.

{{Notice|The PPI can display the range and azimuth of a target, but not it's elevation}}

When the radar is turned on a bar representing the current scan angle sweeps back and forth, radially, about the centre point. A series of four concentric range rings can be used to determine how far away the detected targets are (to get the distance between rings divide the range scale by 4), and a series of bars (at 15-degree angles) help tell the azimuth of detected targets. If a radar has an azimuth scan angle of less than 180 degrees then the display is still a semicircle.

The readout to the left of the scope shows the azimuth and elevation scan angles, while the readout to the right shows the currently selected range scale.

In the image to the right there are three targets, all approximately 4.5km away from the player. Once target is at an azimuth of 0° (directly in front of the player) while one is at an azimuth of approximately -30° (30° to the left of the player), and one is at an azimuth of approximately +30° (30° to the right of the player). It is not possible to tell the target's elevation from the player using only the PPI.

====C-scope====
[[File:Radar C-Scope Labelled.jpg|thumb|400px|right|The C-scope radar display]]
In addition to the PPI some aircraft have access to a C-scope type display (positioned underneath the PPI). The C-scope displays the same radar targets as the PPI, but in a different format. Whereas a PPI is a top-down view, the C-scope is forwards-looking. It is a rectangular display where how far from the azimuth centre line a target is shows its azimuth and how far from the elevation centre line a target is shows its elevation.

{{Notice|The C-scope can display the azimuth and elevation of a target, but not its range}}

In addition to the azimuth and elevation centre lines there are two other horizontal lines on the display, these show the minimum and maximum elevation scan angles of the radar. It should be noted that the degree values shown to the right of the C-scope are the minimum and maximum elevation angles of the scope, not the radar.

In the image to the right there are three targets, all slightly below the player (they are below the elevation centre line). Once target is at an azimuth of 0° (directly in front of the player) while one is at an azimuth of approximately -30° (30° to the left of the player), and one is at an azimuth of approximately +30° (30° to the right of the player). It is not possible to tell the target's range from the player using only the PPI.

By using a combination of the PPI and C-scope you can work out the range, azimuth and elevation of individual targets.

====B-Scope====
[[File:Radar B-Scope Labelled.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The B-scope radar display]]
{{Notice|The key-bind to switch radar view type has been removed, meaning the B-Scope view is currently inaccessible.|!}}

An alternative radar display (instead of the PPI) used to be available in the form of a "B-Scope" type display. It is a square display providing a 2-D "top-down" representation of space, the vertical axis represents the range to the target and the horizontal axis represents the azimuth (angle) of the target. The maximum and minimum azimuth scan angles are displayed in the top corners of the display, as is the range setting. A series of four range bars can be used to determine how far away detected targets are, and vertical bars can be used to determine what direction the target is in. When the radar is turned on a vertical bar representing the current scan angle moves horizontally, back and forth, across the display.

==Radar operation==
===Basic radar operation===
[[File:Aircraft_Radar_Angles_Diagram.jpg|thumb|400px|right|Diagram showing the scan angles of a radar]]
When turned on radars will scan a pyramid or cone-shaped area in front of the player's aircraft (illustrated in the image to the right). Radars can only detect targets which fall within their scanning area, the size and shape of which varies depending on the model of radar. Each radar has a maximum and minimum azimuth scan angle (how far to each side it will scan); and a maximum and minimum elevation scan angle (how far up and down it will scan). Radars also have a minimum detection range (typically 150m - 300m), below which targets will not be detected (not that you should need a radar to see an aircraft that close).

As with other characteristics the maximum detection range varies greatly between radars (from as little as 4 km, to in excess of 40 km). Targets are not guaranteed to be detected at the radar's maximum detection range. The range at which a target is detected will depend on how much radar energy it reflects back to the radar, which is in turn determined by its Radar Cross-Section (RCS). Generally larger aircraft have a larger RCS so will be detected at greater ranges; for example the AI Mk. X radar (fitted to the [[Sea Venom FAW 20]]) can detect the large [[G5N1]] bomber at its maximum detection range of 14 km, however, can only detect the much smaller [[He 162 A-1]] at approximately 9 - 9.5 km.

When a radar detects a target it appears as a "blip" on the radar display. Its position will not be updated until the radar detects it again (usually on the next scan, as indicated by the sweeping bar). When the target is re-detected it's old blip is removed and a new one plotted at the location it was re-detected at. If enough time elapses without a target being re-detected (either due to the target now being outside of the radar's scanning area, or simply the radar not scanning fast enough) then the target's blip will fade and disappear from the radar display. Likewise after a period of not being detected a target which has been locked onto will be lost.

===Radar range scale===
Some radars allow for the range scale of the radar scope to be changed, in order to change the range scale a key needs to be bound to the "Change radar scope scale" control. The currently selected range scale is shown on the radar display, if the range scale is changed then the display will stay the same size, but the targets will be placed on the display according to the new scale. '''It is worth noting that the default range scale may be less than the radar's maximum detection range''', so you may need to increase the range scale in order to make full use of your radar. Some radars can be set to a range scale far in excess of the radar's maximum detection range; targets will not be detected outside of a radar's maximum detection range, regardless of range scale setting.

===Radar search mode===
Some radars allow for different search modes to be activated. The default search mode on radars usually (although not always) makes use of the radar's full scanning area. While this is useful for detecting targets in a wide area this can come with the drawback of each scan taking longer to complete (as the radar has to scan a larger area), meaning that targets are updated less frequently on the radar display. Some radars allow the operator to change the search mode so that the radar only scans a smaller area, this means that targets can be updated on the radar more often, but has the drawback of targets only being detectable in a more narrow area in front of the player's aircraft. This ability is primarily useful for keeping track of fast moving or manoeuvring targets, where the slower scan time associated with a full scan, would make tracking the movement of such a target difficult. When the radar mode is changed the PPI will remain the same size / shape, but two hard lines will appear indicating the new scanning limits; rang rings and azimuth bars will not be drawn outside of the lines. In order to change radar scanning mode, a key needs to be bound to the "Change radar search mode" control (located under the "Weaponry" heading of the aircraft controls menu).

{{Notice|The modes available vary depending on the specific radar. Some radars change the azimuth scanning angles, while others change the elevation scanning angles.}}

===Clutter===
{{Notice|Surface clutter is not present in Arcade Battles.}}
Radars operate by emitting radio waves which then reflect off of targets and return to the radar. Unfortunately the radio waves also reflect off the ground, and other objects, leading to unwanted returns known as clutter. The type of clutter modelled in War Thunder is surface clutter (radar returns from the ground or sea).

In game surface clutter is modelled as a green haze covering areas of the PPI, the more severe the ground clutter the more intense the haze gets. Anything more than mild surface clutter is usually enough to prevent the radar from picking up actual targets in the area the clutter is affecting. Likewise clutter can prevent tracking radars from effectively tracking targets.

As surface clutter is caused by reflections from the ground it is more pronounced when the radar is pointing downwards, and as such can prevent you from detecting targets which are below you in some situations. Different radars are affected by ground clutter to different extents, usually more modern radars are affected less than earlier ones.

===Detecting / tracking ground targets===
Some search radars and tracking radars are capable of detecting and locking on to ground targets. For these radars ground targets appear on the PPI the same as air targets, and can be locked on to the same way. This functionality is not massively useful, but can come in handy when trying to find player controlled tanks to kill. Ground clutter also limits how effective these radars are at finding ground targets. See individual radar pages to find out if they can detect ground targets.

==Radar scan patterns==
{{Notice|This topic is included for those who want a better understanding of how different radars scan for targets, it is not essential knowledge, but may be useful.}}
===Raster Scan===
[[File:Radar_Raster_Scan.jpg|thumb|400px|left|A 4 bar, one-way, bi-directional raster scan pattern; the green square represents the radar beam.]]{{break}}
Most search radars in the game use what is known as a bi-directional raster scan (see image to the right). The radar beam starts in the top corner of the scanning area and moves horizontally until it reaches the other side of the scanning area; it then drops down and moves horizontally in the other direction until it reaches the original side of the scanning area. The process repeats until the radar beam has reached the bottom corner of the scanning area. At this point the beam will do one of two things; if the radar uses a one-way raster scan then the beam will move directly upwards from it's finishing position until it reaches the top corner of the scanning area, where it starts the process again. If it is a two-way raster scan then when the beam reaches the bottom corner it's movement will reverse and it will work its way back up to the top of the scanning area, following the path it just took in reverse.

The raster scan pattern allows the radar to identify targets on different elevations. Each sweep the radar makes on a different elevation is known as a bar; for example the scan pattern shown in the image to the right has 4 bars as the radar completes 4 scans in the process of covering the scan area. The number of bars in the scan, and the height of each bar (measured in degrees) width of the scan in the elevation axis; the width of the scan in the azimuth axis is determined by how far to each side the radar scans.

{{Notice|The PPI shows the radar sweeping over each bar, so on a 4 bar scan a target on the PPI may only be refreshed once every 4 sweeps (due to the radar sweeping over a bar the target is not located in).}}

If you know the number of bars in the radar's scan pattern, the height of each bar, and the vertical offset (more on this later) then you can calculate the minimum and maximum elevation scanning angles of the radar (how far up and down the radar see). You start by calculating the elevation width of the radar as follows:

<code>elevation width = number of bars * height of each bar</code>

At this point it is tempting to just divide the elevation width by 2 and conclude that the resulting number is how far off the elevation centre line in each direction the radar can see (e.g. for a elevation width of 30° the radar can see 15° up and 15° down), however this is not always the case. Some radars have more bars above the elevation centre line than below it (or vice versa), that is to say they can look further up than they can down or vice versa. This gives rise to the concept of a "vertical offset" (measured in degrees), i.e. how far upwards (or downwards) the bars are shifted from being evenly distributed either side of the elevation centre line.

When this is factored in we get the following equations for working out the minimum and maximum elevation limits of the radar:

<code>
maximum elevation angle = (elevation width / 2) + vertical offset

minimum elevation angle = (-1 * (elevation width / 2)) + vertical offset
</code>

For example if we take the [[AN/APS-21]] radar. It's scan patter uses 15 bars, each 2° in height, giving us an elevation width of 30°; with a vertical offset of +5°. If we put this into the equations above we get the following:

<code>
maximum elevation angle = (30 / 2) + 5 = '''20°'''

minimum elevation angle = (-1 *(30 / 2)) + 5 = '''-10°'''
</code>

This means the AN/APS-21 radar can detect targets up to 20° above the player and 10° below the player.

===Conical Scan===
[[File:Radar_Conical_Scan.jpg|thumb|400px|left|A conical scan pattern; the green circle represents the radar beam.]]{{break}}
Tracking radars in the game use what is known as a conical scan, instead of a raster scan. In a conical scan the radar beam rotates around a central axis, with a few degrees offset from the centre. The result of this is that the radar scans a narrow cone shaped area in front of the aircraft. The rotation of the beam also means the radar to tell where the target is within the cone, allowing the radar to effectively track the target.

===Continuously updating radars===
[[File:Aircraft_Radar_Constantly_Updated_Radar.jpg|thumb|250px|left|An example of a non-scanning radar, notice how the whole scan area is illuminated at once]]{{break}}
The German Lichtenstein family of radars (the radars found on German WW2 planes) are unique compared to other radars currently in the game, in that they do not scan for targets. Instead, they constantly emit a cone of radar energy and detect the return. This gives them the advantage of having the radar constantly updating (instead of updating only when the radar scans over a target). However, as a trade-off, these radars have a poor range (only 4 or 5 km) and a narrow scanning area. When these radars are active, instead of seeing a sweeping line the entire scanning area of the radar is illuminated and radar blips update continuously. An example of this can be seen in the image to the right.

==Types of airborne radars==
The two main types of radar are target detection radars and target tracking radars. Target detection radars are found on vehicles from Rank 1, however, the more advanced target tracking radars are reserved for high-rank vehicles. Vehicles are typically equipped with target tracking radars in addition to target detection radars, with the two working in tandem.

===Target detection radars===
Target detection radars, also known as search radars, have no tracking ability and simply display detected targets on the radar display and compass. The basic operation of target detection radars has been discussed previously in this article. Target detection radars are available from rank 1, radars found at higher ranks have much better characteristics (larger scanning area, better range, etc.).

===Target tracking radars===
{{Notice|Lead indicators are no longer available for all aircraft, see specific aircraft pages to find out if that aircraft has a lead indicator|!}}
[[File:Aircraft_Radars_Target_Tracking_Labelled.jpg|thumb|400px|right|The HUD when a target is being tracked. '''Note:''' Lead indicator is no longer available for the Javelin.]]
Target tracking radars are fitted to some aircraft in addition to target detection radars. They typically have a short range compared to the aircraft's search radar (hence a search radar is equipped to find targets at long ranges), however, they have the ability to track and "lock-on" to targets. Tracking radars typically have different scanning areas than the search radar equipped to the aircraft; when an aircraft is equipped with a tracking radar it's tracking area is shown as a darker area within the radar display (as seen in the image to the right).

A target can only be locked onto if it is within the tracking radars maximum range and search area (the dark section of the radar display). Once a target is locked on to a box will appear around it, as well as around its icon on the radar display and compass (to differentiate the locked target from other radar targets). An accurate distance to the target will be displayed next to the locked target on the HUD, as well as an accurate closing speed (speed will read negative if the target is moving away from you). If your aircraft supports a lead indicator then an accurate firing lead indicator will appear one you close to within 500-700 m of the target.

In order to maintain a lock on the target, you need to keep it within the tracking radars maximum range and tracking area; if the target is not detected by the tracking radar in too long the lock will be lost.

=====Obtaining and maintaining a radar lock=====
[[File:Radar_Lockon_Box.jpg|thumb|400px|right|The "lock-on box"]]
There are two ways to lock on to a target when using a tracking radar. When a search radar has detected targets which are within the tracking radar's tracking area one of them will be selected (have a vertical line either side of it). You can change the selected target by pressing the "Select radar target to lock on" key, when the "Lock radar target on" key is pressed it will turn on the tracking radar and automatically attempt to lock on to the selected target. Alternatively you can press the "Lock radar target on" or "Change radar mode" key (depending on radar type) to turn on (or switch to) the tracking radar. When this happens the tracking radar will begin a conical scan pointing directly forwards; a flashing green square will appear on the screen (image to the right). If you place the box over an aircraft then the tracking radar will try to lock on to it; note that surface clutter and other factors may inhibit the radar from locking on. The target you want to lock on to using this method then the target should be within the range limits listed to the right of the box.

Like with real radars, multiple targets in close proximity to each other can confuse the tracker. If a target is locked and another aircraft flies past it, it is possible for the tracker to lose the lock on the target, or even transition the lock onto the other aircraft (something which also happens to real radar systems). In the previously described scenarios (or depending on how the target is moving relative to the player's aircraft), it is also possible for the target lead indicator to become temporarily inaccurate.

In order for a radar lock to be maintained, the target needs to be kept within the tracking radar's tracking area. If the target leaves this area for more than a short period of time, the lock will be lost.

===Multi-mode radars===
Some radars such as the AN/APQ-100 (found on the F-4 Phantom) are what are known as multi-mode radars, the same radar antenna functions as both a search and tracking radar, although not at the same time. These radars can be toggled between search and tracking mode by pressing the "Change radar mode" key. Overall they function pretty much the same as aircraft with independent search and tracking radars, however as the antenna is being used for both searching and tracking it cannot do both at the same time. If you are tracking a target then you will lose search functionality.

'''Note:''' The [[RP-5]] does not count as a multi-mode radar as although it is responsible for both searching and tracking it does so using two separate antennas.

===Radar gunsights===
[[File:Radar_Gunsight.jpg|thumb|200px|right|The indicator present when a radar gunsight is fitted]]
Radar gunsights are fitted to a number of aircraft in the game, these aircraft can be identified by the presence of the radar gunsight indicator (see image to the right). A radar gunsight is very similar to a regular gyroscopic gunsight, however whereas on a regular gunsight the pilot would have to manually dial in a range, radar gunsights use a small ranging radar to automatically input the range for the target the pilot is pointing his guns at.

In game radar gunsights will automatically adjust the aircraft's gyroscopic gunsight in the cockpit view, making it more accurate. They are of no real use in third person view, aside from perhaps being able to tell you if there is a target in front of you when flying in heavy cloud for example.

You can turn the radar gunsight on and off by pressing the "Lock radar target on" key.

{{Youtube
|url = 0AbkWMi0ZJ4
|caption = Radar gunsight tutorial by TeaRex
|align = left
|size = 300
}}
{{break}}
==Factors affecting radar performance==
There are a number of factors which affect the performance of airborne radars. The details of different radars can be found on their individual pages, this section explains what the performance characteristics mean and what their significance is.

===Search radars===
====Maximum detection range====
The maximum range of the radar is the maximum theoretically possible distance at which a search radar can detect a target. It is unlikely however that aircraft will be detected until they are much closer than this range. The range at which a target will actually be detected depends on its radar cross section (in basic terms how big it is), and other factors such as surface clutter.

====Base detection range====
This is the range at which a target can be detected regardless of how small it's radar cross section is '''before taking into account surface clutter and other factors'''. If the radar is not being affected by surface clutter or you are playing arcade battles (where surface clutter is not modelled) then this is effectively the range at which you are guaranteed to detect a target aircraft, no matter how small it is; larger aircraft may be detected further away than this range.

{{Notice|In Realistic and Simulator Battles where surface clutter is modelled, targets may not be detected until they are much closer than this range|!}}

====Minimum detection range====
Radars have a minimum range, at which they can function, targets closer than the minimum range cannot be detected by the radar.

====Azimuth scan limits====
The azimuth scan limits are how far to each side the radar can scan. For example scan angles of ±75° means that the radar can see targets up to 75° to the left and 75° to the right.

====Elevation scan limits====
The elevation scan limits are how far to up and down in total, the radar might take multiple scans to cover its entire elevation range, see the [[#Raster Scan|raster scan section]] for more information.

====Period====
The period of the radar is how long it takes to complete one scan of its entire scanning area. This will take multiple individual sweeps, if the scan pattern has more than on raster bar.

===Tracking radars===
====Maximum tracking range====
The maximum tracking range is the maximum range at which a radar can maintain a track on a target.

====Minimum tracking range====
Tracking radars have a minimum range, below which they are unable to track targets. You cannot initiate tracks on targets closer than the minimum range, and if a tracked target comes closer than the minimum range the track will be lost.

====Azimuth tracking limits====
The azimuth tracking limits determine how far to each side the radar can track targets.

====Elevation tracking limits====
The elevation tracking limits determine how far up and down the radar can track targets.

==Airborne radars tips and ticks==
Useful information to know about airborne radars:

* If your radar is damaged (by gunfire or otherwise) you will not be able to turn it on until it is repaired
* Left and right, up and down, on the radar display are relative to your aircraft, so if you roll the aircraft it can affect where targets are drawn on the radar display.
* Consider chaining the default target locking key from Ctrl+ F to stop yourself from accidentally breaking you flaps if you mis-press the key combo.
* Due to the raster scan pattern targets may not be updated on every radar sweep, if you need more rapid updates try narrowing the search area.

==Aircraft equipped with radars==
As of [[Update 1.93]] the following vehicles have radars:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="5" | Aircraft with radars
|-
! Aircraft
! Radar Gunsight
! Search Radar
! Tracking Radar
! Comments
|-
| {{Specs-Link|a2d|short}} || N/A || [[AN/APS-19]] || [[AN/APS-19]] ||Search radar with tracking capability
|-
| {{Specs-Link|do_217j_2|short}} || N/A || [[FuG 202]] || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|do_217n_1|short}} || N/A || [[FuG 202]] || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|do_217n_2|short}} || N/A || [[FuG 220]] || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f-100d|short}} || AN/APG-30 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f-100d_france|short}} || AN/APG-30 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f-4c|short}} || N/A || AN/APQ-100 || AN/APQ-100 || Multi-mode radar
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f-4m_fgr2|short}} || N/A || AN/APQ-100 || AN/APQ-100 || Multi-mode radar
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f-84g|short}} || AN/APG-30 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f-84g_china|short}} || AN/APG-30 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f-84g_italy|short}} || AN/APG-30 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f-86f-2|short}} || AN/APG-30 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f-86f-25|short}} || AN/APG-30 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f-86f-30_china|short}} || AN/APG-30 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f-86f-30_japan|short}} || AN/APG-30 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f-86f-35|short}} || AN/APG-30 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f-86f-40_japan|short}} || AN/APG-30 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f-86f-40_japan_blue_impulse|short}} || AN/APG-30 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f-86k_late|short}} || N/A || [[AN/APS-21]] || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f-86k_late_italy|short}} || N/A || [[AN/APS-21]] || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f-86_canadair_german|short}} || AN/APG-30 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f-86_cl_13b_mk6|short}} || AN/APG-30 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f-86_cl_13_mk4_italy|short}} || AN/APG-30 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f-89b|short}} || N/A || N/A || AN/APG-33 ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f-89d|short}} || N/A || N/A || AN/APG-33 ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f2h-2|short}} || AN/APG-30 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f3d_1|short}} || N/A || [[AN/APS-21]] || [[AN/APG-26]] ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f6f-5n|short}} || N/A || [[AN/APS-6]] || [[AN/APS-6]] ||Search radar with tracking capability
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f6f-5n_france|short}} || N/A || [[AN/APS-6]] || [[AN/APS-6]] ||Search radar with tracking capability
|-
| {{Specs-Link|f9f-8|short}} || AN/APG-30 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|fj_4b|short}} || AN/APG-30 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|fj_4b_agm_12b|short}} || AN/APG-30 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|he_219a_7|short}} || N/A || [[FuG 202]] || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|hunter_f1|short}} || AN/APG-30 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|hunter_f6|short}} || AN/APG-30 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|hunter_f9_rhodesia|short}} || AN/APG-30 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|javelin_fmk9|short}} || N/A || [[AN/APS-21]] || [[AN/APG-26]] ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|ju-388j|short}} || N/A || [[FuG 202]] || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|j_7_mk2|short}} || SRD-5 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|la_200_toriy|short}} || N/A || [[Toriy]] || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|md_460|short}} || AN/APG-30 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|mig-19j_6a|short}} || N/A || [[RP-5]] || [[RP-5]] ||Separate search and track antennas
|-
| {{Specs-Link|mig-19pt|short}} || N/A || [[RP-5]] || [[RP-5]] || Separate search and track antennas
|-
| {{Specs-Link|mig-21_f13|short}} || SRD-5 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|mig-21_mf|short}} || N/A || CD-30 || CD-30 ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|mig-21_smt|short}} || N/A || Sapphire-21 || Sapphire-21 ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|p-61a_1|short}} || N/A || [[AI Mk. X]] || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|p-61c_1|short}} || N/A || [[AI Mk. X]] || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|saab_j32b|short}} || N/A || PS-42 || PS-42 ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|sea_venom_faw20|short}} || N/A || [[AI Mk. X]] || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|swift_f1|short}} || AN/APG-30 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|swift_f7|short}} || AN/APG-30 || N/A || N/A ||
|-
| {{Specs-Link|t2|short}} || N/A || [[AN/APS-21]] || [[AN/APG-26]] || Has lead indicator
|-
|}

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


* [[SPAA radars]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6064-development-radar-station-new-opportunities-in-the-game-en|[Devblog] Radar Station: New opportunities in the game]]

[[Category:Game mechanics]]
[[Category:Radars]]

F6F-5N

2020-03-01T20:51:39Z

U3032832: added history and image of cockpit from pilot manual

{{Specs-Card
|code=f6f-5n
|cockpit=334567/1111203
}}
{{About
| about = American naval fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = the French version
| link-1 = F6F-5N (France)
| usage-2 = other versions
| link-2 = F6F (Family)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American naval fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.65 "Way of the Samurai"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="8" | Characteristics
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Stock''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 5,730 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude<br>(meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time<br>(seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run<br>(meters)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
| 602 || 581 || {{Specs|ceiling}} || 22.2 || 23.1 || 8.1 || 8.1 || 399
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Upgraded''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 5,730 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude<br>(meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time<br>(seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run<br>(meters)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
| 661 || 629 || {{Specs|ceiling}} || 19.8 || 21.0 || 16.7 || 11.8 || 399
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wing-break speed<br>(km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear limit<br>(km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Combat flaps<br>(km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! + !! -
|-
|803|| {{Specs|destruction|chassis}} || 510 || ~11 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities
|-
! Ailerons<br>(km/h)
! Rudder<br>(km/h)
! Elevators<br>(km/h)
! Radiator<br>(km/h)
|-
| < 432 || < 420 || < 420 || > 420
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 518 m || 2,000 hp || 2,398 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 4,724 m || 1,800 hp || 2,158 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 3
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 6,400 m || 1,650 hp || 1,978 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===


* 3 mm steel - below the engine and above cooling system
* 6.35 mm steel - behind the pilot
* 38 mm bulletproof glass - armoured windscreen

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===
[[File:F6F_Pilot_Protection.png|thumb|right|300px|A page from the F63/F6F pilots manual detailing protective angles against enemy weapons.]]

{{main|AN/M2 (20 mm)|Browning M2 (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm AN/M2 cannons, wing-mounted (231 rpg = 462 total)
* 4 x 12.7 mm Browning M2 machine guns, wing-mounted (400 rpg = 1,600 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|AN-M65A1 (1,000 lb)|Tiny Tim|HVAR|Mk.13/44}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 6 x HVAR rockets
* 2 x Tiny Tim rockets
* 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)
* 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs + 6 x HVAR rockets (2,000 lb total)
* 1 x Mk.13/44 torpedo

== Usage in battles ==

There was a reason the F6F was a standout fighter during World War II. As a fighter, it was versatile, not only as an aerial fighter but also as a ground pounder.

;Aerial combat

* This F6F had a bit of weight to it which allowed it to perform well as a Boom & Zoom fighter. With a total of six guns, two M2 Browning machine guns and one 20 mm cannon in each wing, this fighter can take out enemy fighters without much trouble.

;Ground attack

* The F6F excels in ground attack where it can be outfitted with either bombs or rockets. The 1,000 lb bombs have a devastating effect on ships and hardened structures not to mention vehicles which are clustered in a compact area. The agility of the aircraft makes it ideal to outfit rockets whether it is the HVAR or Tiny Tim rockets. The larger Tiny Tim rockets will pack a huge punch in armoured vehicles and ships while also able to damage bases (though nowhere near as well as bombs). HVAR rockets work best when reserved for armoured vehicles some hardened concrete structures and bombers. The rockets can be outfitted with contact fuses or time-delayed fuses.

;Naval attack

* The previously mentioned weapons for both aerial and ground attack can be utilised with great success in the naval arena as all weapons can cause damage to naval aircraft and ships. The F6F can carry a single specialised naval weapon, a Mk.13/44 torpedo which requires a slow and low approach to a ship to ensure the torpedo does not sink nor miss its target. While this is vulnerable and comprising to fly at a ship shooting back, a torpedo on target can yield a sunken ship.

===Radars===
{{main|AN/APS-6}}
The F6F-5N is equipped with an [[AN/APS-6]] search and tracking radar. The radar is mounted in a pod under the right wing tip.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | [[AN/APS-6]] - Target Detection Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum<br/>Detection<br/>Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Guaranteed<br/>Detection<br/>Range|The range, below which, detection of a target is practically guaranteed}}
! {{Annotation|Max Azimuth<br/>Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Max Elevation<br/>Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
|-
| 60,000 m<br />(theoretical) || 7,200 m || ±60° || ±60°
|-
! colspan="4" | [[AN/APS-6]] - Target Tracking Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum<br/>Tracking<br/>Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum<br/>Tracking<br/>Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking<br/>Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking<br/>Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
|-
| 1,000 m || 150 m || ±15° || ±15°
|-
|}

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable<br>Not auto controlled || Controllable<br>Not auto controlled || Controllable<br>Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable<br>3 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! Survivability
! colspan="2" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Radiator
|
| Offensive 12 mm
| ITC mk.III
|-
| II
|
| Compressor
| Airframe
| New 12 mm MGs
| FRC mk.2
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
|
| Offensive 20 mm
| LFRC mk.12
|-
| IV
|
| Engine injection
| Cover
| New 20 mm cannons
| FLBC mk.1
|-
|}

Payload modules unlock the following:

* ITC mk.III: One torpedo
* FRC mk.2: Six HVAR rockets
* LFRC mk.12: Two Tiny Tims
* FLBC mk.1: Two 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Has 2 x 20 mm cannons
* Great variety of weapons for any map, aerial combat, ground attack and maps with naval ships
* Decent climb rate and manoeuvrability
* Has a search and tracking radar
* Workhorse naval fighter

'''Cons:'''

* Slower than the standard F6F-5
* Not as energy-efficient on a zoom climb like a P-47
* Overall worse performance than F6F

== History ==

[[File:F6F 5N Cockpit Manual.png|thumb|right|320px|A page from the F6F Hellcat Pilot's Manual showing the differences found in the F6F-5N cockpit, with the radio altimeter indicator and radar scope being pointed out.]]
The F6F-5N was a modification of the standard F6F-5 for use as a night fighter. These aircraft were fitted with additional equipment in the form of a radio altimeter and radar. The Westinghouse AN/APS-6 radar was installed on the starboard wing of the F6F-5N, with units being completed in middle and late 1944. The APS-6 served as a method to search and destroy hostile aircraft in conditions with zero visibility, with data being displayed in a standard B-scope view of the target azimuth on the x-axis and target range on the y-axis. Aside from target search and tracking, the APS-6 could also be used in a navigation role by tracking a radar emitter or beacon with a search range of up to 100 miles.<ref name="ibiblio" /> Due to the simplifications from the earlier AN/APS-4 radar, the APS-6 was small enough to be installed in single-engine aircraft which allowed for independent action among night fighters. Another feature of the F6F-5N was the Type GR-1 automatic pilot, which gave pilots the ability to maintain a stable flight attitude with minimal input. Just as with the F6F-5, the -5N used the Pratt & Whitney R-2800-10W and had provisions to used a mixed armament of 2x 20 mm M2 cannons and 4x .50 cal Browning machine guns. The F6F-5N is noted as being one of the better American night fighters during World War II and was chosen to be a night fighter over other aircraft such as the F4U Corsair.<ref name="ibiblio" />

== Media ==

<div><ul>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:F6F_FN_and_Tiny_Tim.png|thumb|none|350px|An underside view of a '''{{PAGENAME}}''' carrying two [[Tiny Tim]] rockets. These rockets had to be released before igniting so to clear the propeller arc.]]</li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:F6F_FN_firing_Tiny_Tim.png|thumb|none|375px|A view of a '''{{PAGENAME}}''' firing off a [[Tiny Tim]] rocket at an enemy target.]]</li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:Tiny_Tim_shackle.png|thumb|none|320px|A side view of the shackle connection of the [[Tiny Tim]] rocket to the external pylon of the '''{{PAGENAME}}'''.]]</li>
</ul></div>

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

* AviationShoppe link for '''[https://aviationshoppe.com/manuals/grumman_f6f_flight_manual/f6f.html Grumman F6F Hellcat Pilot's Manual]'''
* Ibiblio HyperWar link for '''[https://ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/ref/NightFighterRadars/USNFRadar2.html "The AN/APS-6 Aircraft Radar"]'''

== References ==
<references>
<ref name="ibiblio">"The AN/APS-6 Aircraft Radar" in ''Westinghouse in World War 2: Radio and X-ray Divsions,'' Westinghouse Electric & Mfg.Co., Inc, 1946.</ref>
</references>

{{AirManufacturer Grumman}}
{{USA fighters}}

File:F6F 5N Cockpit Manual.png

2020-03-01T20:12:24Z

U3032832: A picture of the cockpit for the F6F-5N from the Grumman F6F Hellcat Pilot's Manual, showcasing the differences between a standard F6F-5 by pointing out the radio altimeter and radar scope.

A picture of the cockpit for the F6F-5N from the Grumman F6F Hellcat Pilot's Manual, showcasing the differences between a standard F6F-5 by pointing out the radio altimeter and radar scope.

PT-20

2020-02-17T17:26:36Z

U3032832: added history and analogous ship

{{Specs-Card|code=us_elco_77ft_pt20}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American motor torpedo boat {{Battle-rating|1}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] as part of the fleet closed beta test.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===


The 77 ft PT-20 has no areas with serious amounts of armour protection. The hull of the vessel consists of 40 mm thick ship wood and the bridge on top is made of 15 mm ship wood. Any projectile that hits ''will'' penetrate and deal damage and almost no protection from fragmentation and splash damage is provided. Any attempt to rely on outlasting an opponent in combat will result in damage to the vessel. The crew is 15 people which is about average for the PT-20's BR, although any prolonged engagement will likely end in a destruction through loss of the crew. The PT-20 has a total of 4 compartments, with the second housing the fuel tanks and the third containing the three engines. Damage to the middle of the ship will often set fires or disable the mobility of the PT-20.

=== Mobility ===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!colspan="3" | Mobility Characteristics
|-
! colspan="3" |Weight (tons)
|-
| colspan="3" | 33
|-
!colspan="3" | Max Speed (km/h)
|-
!colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|78
|106
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|65
|76
|-
|}

The 77 ft PT-20 is a very quick and agile vessel and is able to reach it's top speed in under 15 seconds from a stopped position. A 180° turn can be performed in about 10 seconds when started at full speed, and a complete loop can be made in under 20 seconds. Half rudder deflection is achieved in 2 seconds and maximum deflection in around 10 seconds.

== Armament ==
=== Primary armament ===


{{main|AN-M2 (12.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | 2x [[AN-M2 (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm AN-M2]] (x2)
|-
! colspan = "6" | Turrets
|-
! || Port Turret || Starboard Turret
|-
! scope="row" | Vertical guidance
| -5°/+65° || -5°/+65°
|-
! scope="row" | Horizontal guidance
| ±180° || ±180°
|-
! scope="row" | Ammo capacity
| colspan = "6" | 9,600
|-
! scope="row" | Rounds per turret
| colspan = "6" | 4,800
|-
|}

Important to note is the fact that the main armament is unable to aim at targets on the water directly ahead due to the turrets being located just behind the bridge. Off to the side of the vessel it is possible to aim one or both of the turrets and directly astern it is possible to use both.

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration Statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of <br /> warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 90°'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| M20 || API-T || 31 || 30 || 25 || 21 || 17 || 14
|-
| M2 || AP || 33 || 32 || 27 || 23 || 19 || 16
|-
| M1 || I || 2 || 2 || 1.5 || 1 || 0.5 || 0
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell Details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of <br /> warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity <br /> in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile<br />Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g<br /> (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° <br> from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| M20 || API-T || 887 || 0.0403 || N/A || N/A || N/A || _._° || __° || __° || __°
|-
| M2 || AP || 856 || 0.046 || N/A || N/A || N/A || _._° || __° || __° || __°
|-
| M1 || I || 944 || 0.041 || 0.02 || 0.3 || 1.2 || _._° || __° || __° || __°
|-
|}

{|class="wikitable"
! colspan = "6" | Ammunition Belts
|-
! '''Belts''' || '''Shell Composition''' || '''Combat Usage'''
|-
|align="left"|''Universal'' ||align="left"| API-T / AP / I / AP ||align="left"|
|-
|align="left"|''.50 AP'' ||align="left"| API-T / AP / AP / AP ||align="left"|
|-
|align="left"|''.50 APIT'' ||align="left"| API-T / API-T / API-T / I ||align="left"|
|-
|}

=== Torpedo armament ===


{{main|Mk.8-3 C/D (533 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan = "9" | [[Mk.8-3 C/D (533 mm)|533 mm Mk.8-3 C/D torpedo]]
|-
! # on ship !! Mass (kg) !! Maximum speed <br> in water (km/h) !! Travel distance (km) !! Depth stroke (m) !! Arming<br>distance (m) !! Explosive type !! Explosive mass (kg)
|-
| 4 || 1379 || 54 || 3.65 || 1.0 || 50 || Torpex || 272
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don’t get try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* .50 caliber machine guns can effectively deal with just about any opponent it faces.
* As with all in-game torpedoes, the 21-inch torpedoes can instantly obliterate an enemy ship, given they hit their mark.
* Decent top speed.

'''Cons:'''

* .50 cal turrets have very poor gun depression when facing forwards; will have difficulty in engaging targets head-on.
* The arrangement of the torpedoes requires firing from an angle against an enemy.

== History ==


The 77 ft PT-20 was a follow-on to the first serial production PT boats in the United States, the Elco 70 ft PT-10 series. The PT-20 series was longer and heavier than their predecessors which caused a reduction in speed, although they were given additional torpedo tubes in an effort to increase the firepower. The change to 21 inch (53.3 cm) torpedo tubes up from 18 inch (45.7 cm) was a large addition to weight, and the earlier 70 ft PT boats could not carry the desired amount of torpedo tubes. In late 1941 and early 1942 a total of around 50 of these 77 ft Elco PT boats were produced and these would form the basis for the other widely produced versions such as the Elco 80 ft PT-103.

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article will be video guides, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==

* {{Specs-Link|us_elco_80ft_pt_boat}}: Elco's successor to the 77 ft PT-20 series, and one of the most widely produced versions of the PT boats in World War II

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on ship;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USA boats}}

PT-20

2020-01-05T23:41:47Z

U3032832: removed notice and added lines explaining targeting issues

{{Specs-Card|code=us_elco_77ft_pt20}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American motor torpedo boat {{Battle-rating|1}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] as part of the fleet closed beta test.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===


The 77 ft PT-20 has no areas with serious amounts of armour protection. The hull of the vessel consists of 40 mm thick ship wood and the bridge on top is made of 15 mm ship wood. Any projectile that hits ''will'' penetrate and deal damage and almost no protection from fragmentation and splash damage is provided. Any attempt to rely on outlasting an opponent in combat will result in damage to the vessel. The crew is 15 people which is about average for the PT-20's BR, although any prolonged engagement will likely end in a destruction through loss of the crew. The PT-20 has a total of 4 compartments, with the second housing the fuel tanks and the third containing the three engines. Damage to the middle of the ship will often set fires or disable the mobility of the PT-20.

=== Mobility ===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!colspan="3" | Mobility Characteristics
|-
! colspan="3" |Weight (tons)
|-
| colspan="3" | 33
|-
!colspan="3" | Max Speed (km/h)
|-
!colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|78
|106
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|65
|76
|-
|}

The 77 ft PT-20 is a very quick and agile vessel and is able to reach it's top speed in under 15 seconds from a stopped position. A 180° turn can be performed in about 10 seconds when started at full speed, and a complete loop can be made in under 20 seconds. Half rudder deflection is achieved in 2 seconds and maximum deflection in around 10 seconds.

== Armament ==
=== Primary armament ===


{{main|AN-M2 (12.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | 2x [[AN-M2 (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm AN-M2]] (x2)
|-
! colspan = "6" | Turrets
|-
! || Port Turret || Starboard Turret
|-
! scope="row" | Vertical guidance
| -5°/+65° || -5°/+65°
|-
! scope="row" | Horizontal guidance
| ±180° || ±180°
|-
! scope="row" | Ammo capacity
| colspan = "6" | 9,600
|-
! scope="row" | Rounds per turret
| colspan = "6" | 4,800
|-
|}

Important to note is the fact that the main armament is unable to aim at targets on the water directly ahead due to the turrets being located just behind the bridge. Off to the side of the vessel it is possible to aim one or both of the turrets and directly astern it is possible to use both.

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration Statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of <br /> warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 90°'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| M20 || API-T || 31 || 30 || 25 || 21 || 17 || 14
|-
| M2 || AP || 33 || 32 || 27 || 23 || 19 || 16
|-
| M1 || I || 2 || 2 || 1.5 || 1 || 0.5 || 0
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell Details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of <br /> warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity <br /> in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile<br />Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g<br /> (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° <br> from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| M20 || API-T || 887 || 0.0403 || N/A || N/A || N/A || _._° || __° || __° || __°
|-
| M2 || AP || 856 || 0.046 || N/A || N/A || N/A || _._° || __° || __° || __°
|-
| M1 || I || 944 || 0.041 || 0.02 || 0.3 || 1.2 || _._° || __° || __° || __°
|-
|}

{|class="wikitable"
! colspan = "6" | Ammunition Belts
|-
! '''Belts''' || '''Shell Composition''' || '''Combat Usage'''
|-
|align="left"|''Universal'' ||align="left"| API-T / AP / I / AP ||align="left"|
|-
|align="left"|''.50 AP'' ||align="left"| API-T / AP / AP / AP ||align="left"|
|-
|align="left"|''.50 APIT'' ||align="left"| API-T / API-T / API-T / I ||align="left"|
|-
|}

=== Torpedo armament ===


{{main|Mk.8-3 C/D (533 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan = "9" | [[Mk.8-3 C/D (533 mm)|533 mm Mk.8-3 C/D torpedo]]
|-
! # on ship !! Mass (kg) !! Maximum speed <br> in water (km/h) !! Travel distance (km) !! Depth stroke (m) !! Arming<br>distance (m) !! Explosive type !! Explosive mass (kg)
|-
| 4 || 1379 || 54 || 3.65 || 1.0 || 50 || Torpex || 272
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don’t get try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* .50 caliber machine guns can effectively deal with just about any opponent it faces.
* As with all in-game torpedoes, the 21-inch torpedoes can instantly obliterate an enemy ship, given they hit their mark.
* Decent top speed.

'''Cons:'''

* .50 cal turrets have very poor gun depression when facing forwards; will have difficulty in engaging targets head-on.
* The arrangement of the torpedoes requires firing from an angle against an enemy.

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to an article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article.''

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article will be video guides, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on ship;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USA boats}}

PT-20

2020-01-05T23:30:04Z

U3032832: additions to general info and armament sections

{{Specs-Card|code=us_elco_77ft_pt20}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American motor torpedo boat {{Battle-rating|1}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] as part of the fleet closed beta test.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===


The 77 ft PT-20 has no areas with serious amounts of armour protection. The hull of the vessel consists of 40 mm thick ship wood and the bridge on top is made of 15 mm ship wood. Any projectile that hits ''will'' penetrate and deal damage and almost no protection from fragmentation and splash damage is provided. Any attempt to rely on outlasting an opponent in combat will result in damage to the vessel. The crew is 15 people which is about average for the PT-20's BR, although any prolonged engagement will likely end in a destruction through loss of the crew. The PT-20 has a total of 4 compartments, with the second housing the fuel tanks and the third containing the three engines. Damage to the middle of the ship will often set fires or disable the mobility of the PT-20.

=== Mobility ===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!colspan="3" | Mobility Characteristics
|-
! colspan="3" |Weight (tons)
|-
| colspan="3" | 33
|-
!colspan="3" | Max Speed (km/h)
|-
!colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|78
|106
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|65
|76
|-
|}

The 77 ft PT-20 is a very quick and agile vessel and is able to reach it's top speed in under 15 seconds from a stopped position. A 180° turn can be performed in about 10 seconds when started at full speed, and a complete loop can be made in under 20 seconds. Half rudder deflection is achieved in 2 seconds and maximum deflection in around 10 seconds.

== Armament ==
=== Primary armament ===


{{main|AN-M2 (12.7 mm)}}

{{notice|Guidance limits do not take into account natural limits due to a vehicle's form, which can block weapons from firing across certain angles}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | 2x [[AN-M2 (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm AN-M2]] (x2)
|-
! colspan = "6" | Turrets
|-
! || Port Turret || Starboard Turret
|-
! scope="row" | Vertical guidance
| -5°/+65° || -5°/+65°
|-
! scope="row" | Horizontal guidance
| ±180° || ±180°
|-
! scope="row" | Ammo capacity
| colspan = "6" | 9,600
|-
! scope="row" | Rounds per turret
| colspan = "6" | 4,800
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration Statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of <br /> warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 90°'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| M20 || API-T || 31 || 30 || 25 || 21 || 17 || 14
|-
| M2 || AP || 33 || 32 || 27 || 23 || 19 || 16
|-
| M1 || I || 2 || 2 || 1.5 || 1 || 0.5 || 0
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell Details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of <br /> warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity <br /> in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile<br />Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g<br /> (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° <br> from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| M20 || API-T || 887 || 0.0403 || N/A || N/A || N/A || _._° || __° || __° || __°
|-
| M2 || AP || 856 || 0.046 || N/A || N/A || N/A || _._° || __° || __° || __°
|-
| M1 || I || 944 || 0.041 || 0.02 || 0.3 || 1.2 || _._° || __° || __° || __°
|-
|}

{|class="wikitable"
! colspan = "6" | Ammunition Belts
|-
! '''Belts''' || '''Shell Composition''' || '''Combat Usage'''
|-
|align="left"|''Universal'' ||align="left"| API-T / AP / I / AP ||align="left"|
|-
|align="left"|''.50 AP'' ||align="left"| API-T / AP / AP / AP ||align="left"|
|-
|align="left"|''.50 APIT'' ||align="left"| API-T / API-T / API-T / I ||align="left"|
|-
|}

=== Torpedo armament ===


{{main|Mk.8-3 C/D (533 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan = "9" | [[Mk.8-3 C/D (533 mm)|533 mm Mk.8-3 C/D torpedo]]
|-
! # on ship !! Mass (kg) !! Maximum speed <br> in water (km/h) !! Travel distance (km) !! Depth stroke (m) !! Arming<br>distance (m) !! Explosive type !! Explosive mass (kg)
|-
| 4 || 1379 || 54 || 3.65 || 1.0 || 50 || Torpex || 272
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don’t get try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* .50 caliber machine guns can effectively deal with just about any opponent it faces.
* As with all in-game torpedoes, the 21-inch torpedoes can instantly obliterate an enemy ship, given they hit their mark.
* Decent top speed.

'''Cons:'''

* .50 cal turrets have very poor gun depression when facing forwards; will have difficulty in engaging targets head-on.
* The arrangement of the torpedoes requires firing from an angle against an enemy.

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to an article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article.''

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article will be video guides, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on ship;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USA boats}}

Phantom FGR.2

2020-01-05T22:03:39Z

U3032832: edits to remove first/second person language

{{Specs-Card|code=f-4m_fgr2}}
{{About
| about = British jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the USAF version
| link = F-4C Phantom II
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''', also known as the '''F-4M''', is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.93 "Shark Attack"]]. It is a British version of the American F-4 Phantom II.

Although at first glance the F-4M appears very similar to its American counterpart the [[F-4C Phantom II]], there are a number of major visual and performance differences between the two aircraft. Phantoms produced for the RAF were redesigned to use British Rolls-Royce Spey turbofan engines, instead of the General Electric J79 turbojet engines found on American Phantoms. The British engines produced more thrust than the American engines, but were larger; as a result the fuselage of British Phantoms was modified to be slightly wider than on the American models. In addition the Phantom FGR.2 has larger air intakes than the F-4C, in order to allow for the increased airflow required by the new engines. The rear of the Fuselage is also significantly different on the Phantom FGR.2; the engines are noticeably angled downwards, and due to the different afterburner arrangement on the Spey engines the exhaust ports and the surrounding area were redesigned. Most distinctively, the Phantom FGR.2 has a squared off tail, and lacks the under-nose probe of the F-4C.

In game these changes mean that the Phantom FGR.2 has much better low altitude acceleration and climb rate, compared to the [[F-4C]], as a result of the more powerful engines. In games you will usually see the Phantom FGR.2s get off the ground and to altitude quicker than the F-4Cs; however due to the increased drag of the redesigned fuselage, and the performance characteristics of the Spey engines, it does not perform quite as well as the F-4C at high altitude, and cannot reach the same maximum speed.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''
[[File:FGR.2 fenris 001.jpg|450px|thumb|right|]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="8" | Characteristics
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Stock''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 10,667 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude<br>(meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time<br>(seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run<br>(meters)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
| 2,195 || 2,185 || {{Specs|ceiling}} || 26.5 || 26.8 || 139.3 || 129.0 || 850
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Upgraded''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 10,667 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude<br>(meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time<br>(seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run<br>(meters)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
| 2,351 ||2,268|| {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.5 ||26.0|| 245.5 ||210.0|| 850
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ 
|-
|}
[[File:FGR.2 fenris 004.png|450px|thumb|right|]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wing-break speed<br>(km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear limit<br>(km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Combat flaps<br>(km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|constructions}} || {{Specs|destruction|chassis}} || 625 || ~11 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities
|-
! Ailerons<br>(km/h)
! Rudder<br>(km/h)
! Elevators<br>(km/h)
! Radiator<br>(km/h)
|-
| < 810 || < 750 || < 700 || N/A
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 0 m || 5,120 kgf || 7,168 kgf
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===


Much like the older [[F-4C]] variant, the British {{PAGENAME}} is without any armour protection whatsoever - the weight savings allow the aircraft to take on more fuel or ordnance while utilising speed as its best defence. This fighter packs numerous fuel tanks, while some are located in the leading edges of the wings, the majority of the fuel tanks are located within the fuselage packed around the engines and behind the cockpit. The control lines for the {{PAGENAME}} run from the cockpit down the length of the upper fuselage to the tailplane, relatively exposed to enemy gunfire.

Fighters attempting to take down a {{PAGENAME}} should try to force it to bleed its energy in a turn with missiles - a slow Phantom is a vulnerable Phantom. Autocannons and missiles will be most effective for disabling or destroying critical components, but smaller rockets such as [[M/55]], [[SNEB Type 23]] or [[FFAR Mighty Mouse]] unguided rockets fired in salvos during a head-on engagement may cause enough of a scattered grouping that a {{PAGENAME}} may not be able to avoid them all and fly into at least one.

== Armaments ==
=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|M61 (20 mm)|G.P. 1,000 lb Mk.I (1,000 lb)|SNEB Type 23|AIM-9D}}
[[File:FGR.2 fenris 002.png|450px|thumb|right|]]
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 1 x 20 mm M61 Vulcan rotary cannon, gun pod mounted under fuselage (1,200 round)
* 1 x 20 mm M61 Vulcan rotary cannon + 8 х 1,000 LB G.P. Mk.I bomb
* 1 x 20 mm M61 Vulcan rotary cannon + 108 х SNEB type 23 rocket
* 1 х 20 mm M61 cannon rotary cannon + 4 х AIM-9D Sidewinder air-to-air missiles
* 1 х 20 mm M61 cannon rotary cannon + 4 х AIM-9D Sidewinder air-to-air missiles + 4 х 1000 LB G.P. Mk.I bomb
* 4 х AIM-9D Sidewinder air-to-air missiles

Like the [[F-4C]] the Phantom FGR.2 lacks any internal guns; instead relying on an M61 Vulcan rotary cannon, mounted centrally under the fuselage. The cannon is angled downwards at about 1°, coupled with the position of the gun under aircraft this makes aiming slightly more difficult than on other aircraft; the gun also has a wide bullet spread. A benefit of the rotary cannon is that it can fire all 1,200 rounds of ammo before it can overheat and jam. Unlike the F-4C the Phantom FGR.2 can only carry a single gunpod.

In terms of other suspended weaponry, the Phantom FGR.2 falls far behind the F-4C, having 6 loadout options compared to the F-4C's 21. It has a more limited choice of bombs, carries fewer rockets and cannot carry Bullpup air to ground missiles.

In terms of air to air missiles the Phantom FGR.2 can carry four [[AIM-9D]] Sidewinder missiles; as opposed to the F-4C's choice of [[AIM-9B]] and [[AIM-9E]] Sidewinders. The AIM-9D is very similar to the AIM-9E in some ways outperforms it; the AIM-9D can pull 16 G instead of 10 G and is faster, with a more powerful rocket motor. The AIM-9E, however, can be slaved to the Phantom's radar unlike the AIM-9D and may track better.

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Modules ===
The order in which modifications are unlocked on the Phantom FGR.2 will depend to some extent on how one would like to play the aircraft. The [[AIM-9D]] missiles are among the best available to top tier jets, and so most fans of missile combat will likely want to unlock them as soon as possible. If missiles are not desired then it may be wise to instead focus on unlocking the 20 mm belts and new 20 mm cannon modification, to make the spread of the gun less extreme and more usable; and if one plans to use it as a ground attacker, then the ordnance options are the obvious choice (although the FGR.2 does not excel in this role to the same extent as its American counterpart). When equipped with its 8 x 1,000 lb bombs the FGR.2 becomes highly potent bomber; using its low altitude performance to get to enemy bases incredibly quickly, it is possible to unlock the bombs and use this tactic to speed up unlocking other modifications, although the FGR.2 is a capable fighter when stock so this is not a necessity.

Even when stock the Phantom FGR.2 is just about the best-performing aircraft in the game at low altitude; with this in mind flight performance upgrades are not as much of a priority as on other aircraft, so weapons upgrades can be prioritised. When unlocking flight performance upgrades one may wish to focus on engine upgrades to further improve the FGR.2's incredible acceleration and climbing performance.

{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! Flight performance
! Survivability
! colspan="2" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Compressor
| Fuselage Repair
|
| 1000 LB GP
|-
| II
| New boosters
| Airframe
| Offensive 20 mm
| Matra SNEB
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| G-Suit
|
| AIM-9D
|-
| IV
| Engine
| Cover
| New 20 mm cannons
|
|-
|}

;Possible module's to first unlock (depending on game-play of the pilot)

* Powerful missiles - '''AIM-9D''' module

* Ammunition variety - '''Offensive 20 mm''' module

* Ground attack - '''1,000 LB GP''' module for larger bombs followed up with '''Matra SNEB''' module for unguided rockets

=== Pros and cons ===

[[File:FGR.2 fenris 003.png |450px|thumb|right|]]
'''Pros:'''

* Better acceleration and climb rate than the [[F-4C]]
* One of the fastest aircraft in the game, especially at low altitude (just above sea level it can reach ~ Mach 1.17 when stock and ~ Mach 1.22 when spaded)
* One of the fastest climbing aircraft in the game
* Carries [[AIM-9D]] air-to-air missiles, what are mostly on par with and in some ways better than the [[AIM-9E]] found on the [[F-4C]]
* Very high rate of fire from autocannon, which does not jam
* Has tail-hook, can land on aircraft carriers
* Has a drogue chute to aid in braking upon landing

'''Cons:'''

* Gun pod is slightly angled downwards and has very wide bullet spread when stock, although this can be useful in some situations, it can make the gun hard to aim in others
* Gun pod cannot be fired while the landing gear is down
* Missiles are tier 3 upgrade modification which needs to be researched
* Large target compared to other aircraft such as the [[MiG-21 F-13]]
* Due to large weight it requires a high landing sped (~350 kph), can be tricky to land for players new to the fighter (especially on aircraft carriers)
* Not quite as good at high altitude as the [[F-4C]]
* Taking minimum fuel leaves the aircraft with very limited battle endurance (especially with use of the afterburner), while the 20 min fuel option noticeably impacts handling
* Missiles cannot be fired while pulling more than 4 G's, and when flying at high speed even gentle manoeuvres will cause exceed that limit

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|DXovE9BD1a0|'''Should You Buy the Phantom FGR.2''' - ''Sako Sniper''|03iOjLo81uU|'''British Phantom FGR.2 Gameplay review war thunder''' - ''Sgt. Vittie''|nrfff8Y8pK8|'''War thunder Phantom FGR.2''' - ''riko toho''}}

== See also ==


;Other variants in-game

* [[F-4C Phantom II]] - U.S. Air Force variant multi-role fighter-bomber which could be outfitted with various autocannons, rockets, missiles and bombs. This aircraft is an effective fighter, ground-attacker and bomber. One of the fastest fighters currently available in War Thunder.

;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* Mikoyan-Gurevich [[MiG-21 F-13|MiG-21]]
* Shenyang [[J-7II]]

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer McDonnell}}
{{Britain jet aircraft}}

Panther II

2020-01-05T21:55:03Z

U3032832: edits to remove first/second person language, rework of main armament table

{{Specs-Card|code=germ_panther_II}}
{{About
| about = German medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|other
|usage-1 = other tanks of the family
|link-1 = Panther tank (Family)
|usage-2 = other uses
|link-2 = Panther (Disambiguation)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage {{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before [[Update 1.41]] as a main tree vehicle, however, as of [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]] it was shifted to become a gift vehicle for players who previously owned it.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===


* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet, Cupola)

{| class="wikitable"
!Armour
!Front(Slope angle)
!Sides(Slope angle)
!Rear(Slope angle)
!Roof
|-
|Hull
|100 mm(55-56°) F''ront plate''
60 mm(50°) L''ower glacis''
|60 mm(30°) ''Top''
60 mm(0°) ''Bottom''
|40 mm(29-33°)
|30 mm
|-
|Turret
|120 mm(20-21°)''Turret front''
300 mm ''Gun Mantlet''
|60 mm(25)
|60 mm(25°)
|30 mm
|-
!Armour
!Sides
!Roof
|
|
|-
|Cupola
|100 mm
|30 mm
|
|
|}

* Part of the hull's sides are added with 5 mm plating as additional protection against explosive warhead
* Tracks are 20 mm thick
* Each wheel is 20 mm thick
* Part of the hull is covered by tracks, adding additional 20 mm of armour
* Gun barrel is 20 mm thick

The armour on this variant is the same as one the armour on the [[Panther F]]. Although sufficient to protect against most small-calibre guns, it won't hold up when facing higher calibre guns such as the [[M3 (90 mm)]], [[D-25T (122 mm)]] and [[Ordnance QF 20-pounder Mk.I (84 mm)]] that it will likely meet at its rank. The best tactic to survive is to not get hit by an enemy attacker, as the crew is quite cramped and will typically be disabled with one well-placed shot.

=== Mobility ===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" |Mobility characteristic
|-
!Weight (tons)
! colspan="1" |Add-on Armour
weight (tons)
! colspan="1" |Max speed (km/h)
|-
| rowspan="2" |53.0|| colspan="1" rowspan="2" |N/A|| colspan="1" |60 (AB)
|-
|54 (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" |Engine power (horsepower)
|-
! colspan="1" |Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|1395
|/
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|796
|/
|-
! colspan="3" |Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
|-
! colspan="1" |Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|26.32
|/
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|15.02
|/
|-
|}As with all panthers, this tank has excellent mobility both on road and off road. One notable difference between this tank and the other panther's is it reverse speed. Comparing to a max 4km/h reverse speed on the rest of Panthers, the Panther II provides a 12km/h reverse speed,which would help a lot in battles.

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===


{{main|KwK 43 (88 mm)}}

The Panther II boasts the excellent 88 mm KwK 43 with its notably punchy PzGr 39/43 shell, with a reload speed comparable to that of the [[Tiger II (P)|Tiger II]]. Thus, it represents a threat for every tank on the battlefield, even at long ranges. Its rather poor gun handling, however (7,1°/s turret rotation on a stock tank with a level 1 crew) means close-quarters engagements and particularly urban combat should be avoided if possible. This can be somewhat remedied by its ability to neutral steer to acquire a firing solution faster. The optimal ammo loadout is 15 rounds, since it eliminates the ammo racks at the sides of the hull, while still providing a decent quantity of ammunition. It is not recommended to load anything other than PzGr 39/43 shells since it can readily hull break most opponents that have such a feature and it provides consistent ballistic characteristics, while still maintaining a fairly good penetration against sloped armour.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[KwK 43 (88 mm)|88 mm KwK 43]]
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity
! rowspan="1" | Vertical <br> guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal <br> guidance
! rowspan="1" | Stabilizer
|-
| colspan="3" | 50 || -8°/+15° || ±180° || N/A
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! style="width:4em" |Mode
! style="width:4em" |Stock
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || 11.4 || 15.73 || __.__ || __.__ || __.__
|-
| ''Realistic'' || 7.1 || 8.39 || __.__ || __.__ || __.__
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| 11.05 || __.__ || __.__ || __.__
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of <br /> warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 0° Angle of Attack'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| PzGr 39/43 || APCBC || 237 || 234 || 222 || 207 || 194 || 181
|-
| PzGr 40/43 || APCR || 279 || 273 || 252 || 227 || 205 || 185
|-
| HlGr 39 || HEAT || 110 || 110 || 110 || 110 || 110 || 110
|-
| Sprgr.43 || HE || 14 || 14 || 14 || 14 || 14 || 14
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of <br /> warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity <br /> in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile<br />Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g<br /> (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° <br> from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| PzGr 39/43 || APCBC || 1,000 || 10.16 || 1.2 || 14 || 108.8 || +4° || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| PzGr 40/43 || APCR || 1,130 || 7.3 || N/A || N/A || N/A || +1.5° || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| HlGr 39 || HEAT || 600 || 7.64 || 0.0 || 0.3 || 1,098 || +0° || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
| Sprgr.43 || HE || 820 || 9.4 || 0.5 || 0.1 || 1,000 || +1.5° || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|MG 34 (7.92 mm)}}

The Panther II's coaxial 7,92 mm MG 34 is rather anaemic, and thus, not very versatile. It won't pose much of a threat to any vehicle that doesn't have exposed crew members, and it won't do much damage to aircraft. It can, however, be used to highlight enemy vehicles to friendlies, but it comes with the risk of alerting enemies of an enemy vehicle.

==Usage in battles==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

===Modules===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" |Mobility
! Protection
! colspan="3" |Firepower
|-
| I
| Tracks||
| Parts
| Horizontal Drive||||
|-
| II
| Suspension||Brake System
| FPE
| Adjustment of Fire||HLGr 39||
|-
| III
| Filters||
| Crew Replenishment
| Elevation Mechanism||Smoke grenade||NVD
|-
| IV
| Transmission||Engine
|
| Artillery Support||PzGr 40/43||Rangefinder
|-
|}

===Pros and cons===


'''Pros:'''

* Gun is powerful against its battle rated opponents
* Mobility is good
* Reverse speed is much better (14 km/h) compared to earlier Panthers
* Upper frontal plate can sometimes bounce shots
* Has neutral steering
* In RB and SB, the stock camo can hide the tank pretty well
* Wiggling the turret can prove useful, because the conical gun mantlet will bounce most shots

'''Cons:'''

* IR gear on the commander's cupola makes it very easy to spot
* Turret armour is not great, it can be penetrated easily if given the chance
* Turret crew is cramped, a penetrating shot can disable all of the crewmen
* Sides are littered with ammo racks, like the early Panthers
* Transmission is mounted frontally, so it can catch fire easily; on the other hand, it can eat up some shots and spare the crewmen inside
* Firepower to damage tanks frontally is lacking if up-tiered
* Turret traverse speed is not very good
* The scope for driver prevents the gun from aiming down

== History ==

=== Development ===
In late 1942, German designers started the development of a more powerful and slightly larger version of [[Panther D|Panther]] mounted on a newly designed chassis. In January of 1943, Adolf Hitler agreed on the development of Panther with increased armour protection especially for the needs of the Eastern Front. This project was designated '''Panther II''' and its design was planned along with the development of [[Tiger II (H)|Tiger II]]. In February of 1943, it was decided that Panther II, in its design would resemble Tiger II and would have many common components such as tracks, transmission, suspension and road wheels. Both designs had common components in an attempt to standardize the production. Overall dimensions were very similar to those of [[Panther G|Panther Ausf. G]] hull’s design was very similar to that of the late model Panther Ausf G but with many modernizations such as the arrangement of observation equipment and new engine deck. Its armour protection was significantly increased if compared to any other Panther variant produced. Side armour protection was 60 mm thick while frontal armour protection was 100 mm thick. It was planned to arm Panther II with the latest 75 mm KwK 42 L/100 or even 88 mm KwK 43 L/71 (without a muzzle brake) gun mounted in the newly designed narrow turret – Schmalturm (designed by Rheinmetall in 1944 and to be produced by Daimler-Benz).

Panther II's ''Schmalturm'' (narrow) turret was slightly different than that of [[Panther F|Panther Ausf. F]]. The turret’s armour protection was significantly increased if compared to any other Panther turret. The front was 120-125 mm, gun mantlet was 150 mm, while sides and rear were 60 mm and the top was 30 mm thick. Schmalturm had special mountings for infra-red device and telescopic range finder. All of those modifications increased Panther II’s weight to 47 tons. Panther II was to be powered by a new Maybach HL234 engine with a total power of 900 hp operated by 8-speed hydraulic transmission. Instead, Maybach HL 230 P 30 engine was mounted and Maybach HL234 was later on due to being completed in August of 1945, for future Panther series. It was believed that Panther II’s performance would be similar to that of Panther Ausf G, while if ever produced Panther II would most likely suffer from the same problems as Tiger II. Simply because of its great weight and high fuel consumption which made it extremely slow. It is also unknown what other modifications would be made if Panther II would be combat tested.

In March of 1943, plans were laid that the production of the first series would start in late 1943 or early 1944 and that by spring of 1944, full-scale production of Panther II would start. On May 20th of 1943, Rheinmetall-Borsig proposed special air-defence turret designed for Panther II, mounted with four 20 mm MG151/20 guns but it never reached prototype stage.

=== Production and cancellation ===
In early 1944, MAN (Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nuremberg) was allowed to produce two prototypes but was only able to produce one in early 1945, without newly designed Schmalturm turret. On May 4th of 1944, it was realized that German industry was unable to start Panther II’s production and this project was abandoned in favour of further development of Panther based on lessons learned from Panther II. On June 3rd of 1944, all companies which were to produce Panther II were ordered to start the production on the regular Panther tank. The war ended before the Panther II could be used in any meaningful way to the war effort.

===Survivor===
The Americans captured the Panther II chassis and it was shipped to the states. Sometimes after 1946, a Panther G turret was added onto the chassis while it was at the Aberdeen Proving Grounds. In the 1960s, the Panther II chassis was transferred to the Smithsonian Institute, who proceeded to give the tank to the Patton Museum at Fort Knox in the 1970s. Following the closure of the Patton Museum, the Panther II is currently at the in-construction National Armor and Cavalry Museum at Fort Benning.<ref name="ArmorJournalPantherII">The Armor Journal. "Panther II. NACM, Ft.Benning. TAJ Walkarounds." Panther II. NACM, Ft.Benning. TAJ Walkarounds. Waddling Penguin Publishing, LLC, n.d. Web. 24 Feb. 2017. [http://www.armorjournal.com/index-tanks-PantherII-NACM.php Website]</ref>

The project would go on to be developed into the [[Panther F|Panther Ausf. F]], which featured the ''Schmalturm'' derived from the Panther II.

=== In-game descripton ===
"Having adopted the Tiger II tank in the autumn of 1943, the Ministry of Armaments ordered the development of a new Panther II tank, specifying that maximum compatibility between the assembly of the two tanks be maintained. Development of the new tank design was assigned to the company Henschel & Sohn. The new tank was to have thicker armor (100 mm in the front and 60 mm on the sides) and was to be equipped with a Schmalturm turret. The main armament consisted of an 88 mm 8,8 cm KwK 43 L/70 tank gun with a long 70-caliber barrel, the same gun which was installed on the Tiger II(P).

The tank's weight had to be increased to 55 tons or more. The main design problem was the lack of a suitable engine for the heavier vehicle. Several options were developed for installing a MAN/Argus LD 220 750 hp engine or a Maybach HL 234 900 hp engine, using an eight-speed hydromechanical AK 7-200 gearbox, but this work was never completed. The chassis of the new Panther consisted of 7 all-metal rollers on a single torsion bar. The tank's treads were 660 mm wide.

By late 1944, the company had only managed to build one tank hull, which for testing purposes was fitted with a turret from a production Panther Ausf. G. The testing was never completed, and the tank was captured by American troops. This tank's hull is kept in the Patton Museum of Cavalry and Armor in Fort Knox.

It is likely that two Panther II prototypes were built which may have participated in battles at the end of the war. Further work, however, virtually stopped. Project E50 was commissioned to replace both the Panther I and the Panther II."

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Germany medium tanks}}
[[Category:Hidden vehicles]]
<references />

PT-20

2020-01-03T00:14:58Z

U3032832: added mobility and armament tables

{{Specs-Card|code=us_elco_77ft_pt20}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American motor torpedo boat {{Battle-rating|1}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] as part of the fleet closed beta test.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armament separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Tips for preserving survivability should be saved for the "Use in battle" section.''

''If necessary, use a graphic template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
''Write about the ship’s mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward speed and reverse speed.''
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!colspan="3" | Mobility Characteristics
|-
! colspan="3" |Weight (tons)
|-
| colspan="3" | 33
|-
!colspan="3" | Max Speed (km/h)
|-
!colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|78
|106
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|65
|76
|-
|}

== Armament ==
=== Primary armament ===


{{main|AN-M2 (12.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | 2x [[AN-M2 (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm AN-M2]] (x2)
|-
! colspan = "6" | Turrets
|-
! || Port Turret || Starboard Turret
|-
! scope="row" | Vertical guidance
| -5°/+65° || -5°/+65°
|-
! scope="row" | Horizontal guidance
| ±180° || ±180°
|-
! scope="row" | Ammo capacity
| colspan = "6" | 9,600
|-
! scope="row" | Rounds per turret
| colspan = "6" | 4,800
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration Statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of <br /> warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 90°'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| M20 || API-T || 31 || 30 || 25 || 21 || 17 || 14
|-
| M2 || AP || 33 || 32 || 27 || 23 || 19 || 16
|-
| M1 || I || 2 || 2 || 1.5 || 1 || 0.5 || 0
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell Details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of <br /> warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity <br /> in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile<br />Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g<br /> (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° <br> from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| M20 || API-T || 887 || 0.0403 || N/A || N/A || N/A || _._° || __° || __° || __°
|-
| M2 || AP || 856 || 0.046 || N/A || N/A || N/A || _._° || __° || __° || __°
|-
| M1 || I || 944 || 0.041 || 0.02 || 0.3 || 1.2 || _._° || __° || __° || __°
|-
|}

=== Torpedo armament ===


{{main|Mk.8-3 C/D (533 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan = "9" | [[Mk.8-3 C/D (533 mm)|533 mm Mk.8-3 C/D torpedo]]
|-
! # on ship !! Mass (kg) !! Maximum speed <br> in water (km/h) !! Travel distance (km) !! Depth stroke (m) !! Arming<br>distance (m) !! Explosive type !! Explosive mass (kg)
|-
| 4 || 1379 || 54 || 3.65 || 1.0 || 50 || Torpex || 272
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don’t get try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* .50 caliber machine guns can effectively deal with just about any opponent it faces.
* As with all in-game torpedoes, the 21-inch torpedoes can instantly obliterate an enemy ship, given they hit their mark.
* Decent top speed.

'''Cons:'''

* .50 cal turrets have very poor gun depression when facing forwards; will have difficulty in engaging targets head-on.
* The arrangement of the torpedoes requires firing from an angle against an enemy.

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to an article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article.''

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article will be video guides, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on ship;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USA boats}}

TT-250

2019-12-30T22:00:29Z

U3032832: added history and introduction description

<div class="ttx">
<div class="ttx-title">TT-250 Tank Torpedo</div>
<div class="ttx-table">
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Information</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Unguided Rocket</span><span class="ttx-name">Type</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">USSR [[File:USSR_flag.png]]</span><span class="ttx-name">Country of origin</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Specifications</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">250 kg (551 lb)</span><span class="ttx-name">Missile mass</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1.8 m (5.9 ft)</span><span class="ttx-name">Length</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">425 mm (16.7 in)</span><span class="ttx-name">Diameter</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">TNT</span><span class="ttx-name">Explosive warhead</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">130 kg (286.6 lb)</span><span class="ttx-name">Explosive mass</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Other Information</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">6,500 m (4 mi)</span><span class="ttx-name">Maximum firing range</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">260 m/s (582 mph)</span><span class="ttx-name">Speed</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">None</span><span class="ttx-name">Guidance System</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Production History</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1931</span><span class="ttx-name">Designed</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Prototype / Experimental</span><span class="ttx-name">Production Status</span></div>
</div>
</div>

== Description ==

The TT-250 is a large caliber high explosive rocket that is used on the RBT-5 even vehicle. The TT-250 is one of the most dangerous weapons in War Thunder with the ability to cause major damage or destroy almost any armoured vehicle that is hit by it. It is limited by only having two of them present on a BT-5 hull, as well as having very awkward aiming and flight characteristics. Although they are a rare sight, TT-250 can bring great rewards to those who are able to use it wisely and a swift end to those on the receiving end.

The rocket, or "tank torpedo," was developed in the early 1930s as a potential armament for armoured vehicles. It was selected to be placed on a BT-5 and the arrangement of having two placed into launchers on the turret was selected, creating the RBT-5. Tests were conducted from around 1933 to 1935 but the project was ultimately cancelled to the limited use of the vehicle. This would not be the last time that the Soviet Union attempted to create a "rocket tank," although it was certainly one of the earliest pursuits.

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===

* {{Specs-Link|ussr_rbt_5}}

== General info ==
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the bomb.''

=== Effective damage ===


The TT-250 has the capability to destroy any tank in the game, even those that are large and very heavily armoured. The direct high explosive damage dealt on impact is enough to instantly destroy a '''''{{Specs-Link|germ_pzkpfw_Maus}}''''', so any other tank stands little chance of survival. There is a degree of splash damage, although it is generally only effective against small and lightly armoured vehicles. Any direct hit to a tank is very likely to destroy whatever it hits.

=== Comparison with analogues ===


The TT-250 is largely unlike any other rocket in the game, and thus effectively has no direct analogues. However, there are other rockets that are used in a similar manner, only not to the same degree of effectiveness.

* '''[[M13|M13 Rocket]]''' - The M13, used on the BM-13N, has similar constraints as the TT-250 such as a minimum elevation that is a positive angle. The BM-13N does have 16 rockets although they only have around 5 kg of explosive mass, which can still devastate lightly armoured vehicles, but will struggle to defeat large tanks and may need multiple rockets to disable or destroy them.
* '''[[S-24|S-24 Rocket]]''' - The S-24, found on several Soviet fixed and rotor-wing aircraft, has a similar weight (235 kg) to the TT-250. However, it has far less explosive mass (25.5 kg) which requires a direct hit on a vehicle to inflict damage.
* '''[[Tiny Tim|Tiny Tim Rocket]]''' - The Tiny Tim, used on American fighters and attackers, is an example of a large diameter rocket (298 mm) intended for demolition / anti-shipping use. While the explosive power of the Tiny Tim is only about half (63.5 kg) of the TT-250, it has a semi-armour piercing warhead which does allow for significant damage or total destruction against a target if directly hit.

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe situations when you would utilize this bomb in game (vehicle, pillbox, base, etc)''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''
* Incredible destructive power which can destroy nearly any vehicle with a direct hit
* Splash damage capable of inflicting severe damage on lightly armoured vehicles with a near miss

'''Cons:'''
* Minimum elevation of launcher prohibits direct fire, giving a minimum range of nearly 0.25 km
* No guidance system and only two rockets available, meaning that aiming is both very difficult and missing is extremely punishing

== History ==

During the development of the BT-5 high speed tank, there were various other projects aimed at modifying and improving the BT-5 in different ways. Some were implementing underwater and swimming devices to the tank, switching out the engine for a diesel with 300 HP, and there was an idea to create a "rocket tank." Carried out under the direction of the Office of Motorization and Mechanization of Red Army (УММ РККА), these tests were often just single designs testing out a new concept and observing the successes and failures of each idea. Work on the BT-5 experiments began in October 1933 and an engineer was tasked with fitting a 250 kg "tank torpedo" (TT) to the BT-5. The main idea was to be an effective weapon against enemy heavy tanks and breaking through heavily fortified areas.<ref name="BTTank1" />

The TT-250 was first tested from 1931 to 1932, where short range tests between 300 and 1800 meters were conducted at a scientific research test site in Leningrad and at a training ground near Kuzminki. Following the testing, it was decided to mount them onto a tank. By the end of 1933, the idea of having two of these mounted as an additional armament to the BT-5 was realized and the new name of RBT-5 was given to this design.<ref name="BTTank1" /> The rockets were placed into launching bins on either of the turret, with vertical guidance being performed by a geared mechanism from inside of the turret and horizontal guidance being provided by the rotation of the turret. Maximum elevation of the launcher was 48° which allowed targets to be engaged up to 1500 meters away with an electric firing mechanism. The rocket was 420 mm in diameter and 1805 mm in length and consisted of a 130 kg warhead with a secondary charge of 13.5 kg weight in the tail. Fuses from aerial bombs were used to detonate the rocket on impact or at a time delay, and the head of the rocket had an armoured cap to protect it.<ref name="BTTank2" />

The project was ultimately cancelled due to the limited range and low chance to hit a target, along with the added vulnerability of the RBT-5. Work was performed on 100 kg and 300 kg variants although these were also eventually cancelled. Out of the failure of the TT-250 and the RBT-5 came the idea of mounting RS-132 rockets to the BT-5, but this too was only an experiment.<ref name="BTTank2" />

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the weapon;''
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

* Pavlov, M, Zheltov I., and I. Pavlov. ''BT Tank.'' Moscow: Eksprint, 2001. ISBN: '''[https://isbnsearch.org/isbn/5940380190 5-94038-019-0]'''

== References ==
<references>
<ref name="BTTank1">M. Pavlov, I. Zheltov and I. Pavlov, ''BT Tank'' (Moscow: Eksprint, 2001), p. 63.</ref>
<ref name="BTTank2">Ibid., p. 64.</ref>
</references>

{{Rockets}}

[[Category:Suspended armaments]]

T95E1

2019-12-29T20:47:33Z

U3032832: correct error in shell details table (missing "type of warhead" causing data to be out of alignment)

{{Specs-Card|code=us_t95e1}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} USA medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.69 "Regia Aeronautica"]].

Presenting a 90 mm smoothbore cannon, it is currently the first tank in the American tree line that uses APFSDS ammunition.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

'''Armour type:''''

* Cast homogeneous armour
* Rolled homogeneous armour (Front side hull, Lower rear hull, Hull roof)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 95 mm (64-71°), 51 mm (67-86°) ''Front glacis'' <br> 127 mm (43-45°) ''Lower glacis'' || 32-101.6 mm || 19 mm (18°) ''Top'' <br> 25 mm (4-64°) ''Bottom'' || -
|-
| Turret || 178 mm (6-78°) ''Turret front'' <br> 178 mm (1-71°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 76-178 mm (24-52°) || 51 mm (4-39°) || 51 mm ''Front'' <br> 38 mm ''Rear''
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Cupola || 100 mm ''Cupola front'' <br> 105 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 70 mm || 50 mm || 38 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 19 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Mobility characteristic
|-
! Weight (tons)
! colspan="1" | Add-on Armor<br>weight (tons)
! colspan="1" | Max speed (km/h)
|-
| rowspan="2" | 38.5 || colspan="1" rowspan="2" | N/A || colspan="1" | 62 (AB)
|-
|56 (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine power (horsepower)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|868
|1068
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|495
|560
|-
! colspan="3" | Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|22.54
|27.74
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|12.86
|14.55
|-
|}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|T208E9 (90 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[T208E9 (90 mm)|90 mm T208E9]]
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity
! rowspan="1" | Vertical <br> guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal <br> guidance
! rowspan="1" | Stabilizer
|-
| colspan="3" | 50 || -10°/+20° || ±180° || N/A
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! style="width:4em" |Mode
! style="width:4em" |Stock
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || 34.27 || 47.44 || 57.60 || 63.69 || 67.76
|-
| ''Realistic'' || 21.42 || 25.20 || 30.60 || 33.70 || 36.00
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| 11.05 || 9.78 || __.__ || 8.50
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of <br /> warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 0° Angle of Attack'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| T320 || APFSDS || 300 || 297 || 279 || 260 || 244 || 239
|-
| T340E14H || HE || 20 || 20 || 19 || 18 || 18 || 18
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="12" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of <br /> warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity <br /> in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile<br />Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g<br /> (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° <br> from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| T320 || APFSDS || 1570 || 3.6 || N/A || N/A || N/A || +1.5° || 76° || 77° || 78°
|-
| T340E14H || HE || 1143 || 8.2 || 0.1 || 0.5 || 1,010 || +0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke characteristic
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity <br /> in m/s
! Projectile<br />Mass in kg
! ''Screen radius <br /> in m''
! ''Screen time <br /> in s''
! ''Screen hold time <br /> in s:''
! ''Explosive Mass in g<br /> (TNT equivalent):''
|-
| T339E14 || 1143 || 8.2 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50
|-
|}

===== Ammo racks =====
[[File:Ammoracks_T95E1.png|right|thumbnail|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] for the T95E1.]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Full<br /> ammo
! class="wikitable unsortable" |1st<br /> rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |2nd<br /> rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |3rd<br /> rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |4th<br /> rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Visual<br /> discrepancy
|-
|| '''50''' || 43 ''(+7)'' || 29 ''(+21)'' || 15 ''(+35)'' || 1 ''(+49)'' || style="text-align:left" | no
|-
|}

Turret empty: 29 ''(+21)''

=== Machine guns ===
{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M73 (7.62 mm)}}

''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.''

== Usage in battles ==

The T95E1's playstyle consists of mostly setting up ambushes and/or on the frontlines. The APFSDS shell has more than enough power to destroy most tanks that it will face; however, on a uptier against [[T-64A (1971)|T-64's]] and [[KPz-70]]'s, you will need to play more cautiously, thus the ambushing tactics come into play. You must be extremely aware of what is around you and be quicker than your enemy on the gun because the lack of stabilizers will make your shot on the move very difficult.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Stock APFSDS able to penetrate most enemies frontally
* Excellent post-penetration spalling from APFSDS
* Sloped front armour is impenetrable against all but the most well-aimed AP shots
* Very good stock horizontal turret traverse
* Good gun depression of -10°, allows for some hull-down tactics

'''Cons:'''

* Poor acceleration and low top speed cross-country
* Low reverse speed relative to other American medium tanks
* A prominent weak spot in the form of commander's cupola
* No ammunition choices other than APFSDS or HE
* No stabiliser - unable to accurately fire on the move
* Front armour vulnerable against sabot and HEAT rounds
* Limited accuracy of smoothbore cannon at long range
* Large ammo racks to the sides of driver, front hull penetration could lead to easy ammo detonation.

== History ==

In the early 1950s, the US began looking for a replacement for the M48 series. In September 1954, the T95 was selected for development; construction of pilot models began in 1957. The T95E1 differed from the T95 in the inclusion of a recoil system mount and the omission of a two-plane stabilizer, and was completed in early 1958.

The T95 program was shut down in July 1960 when it became clear that both the engine power and smoothbore cannon's accuracy were unsatisfactory and would provide no significant improvements over the M48 already in service. However, further development of the turret design contributed significantly to the turret used later on the M60A1.

== Media ==

[https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?q=#t95e1 '''Skins''' and '''camouflages''' for the T95E1 from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/4752-t95e1-the-contender-en|[Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> T95E1: The Contender]]

{{USA medium tanks}}

T95E1

2019-12-29T20:43:53Z

U3032832: added upgraded engine power + p/w ratios

{{Specs-Card|code=us_t95e1}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} USA medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.69 "Regia Aeronautica"]].

Presenting a 90 mm smoothbore cannon, it is currently the first tank in the American tree line that uses APFSDS ammunition.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

'''Armour type:''''

* Cast homogeneous armour
* Rolled homogeneous armour (Front side hull, Lower rear hull, Hull roof)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 95 mm (64-71°), 51 mm (67-86°) ''Front glacis'' <br> 127 mm (43-45°) ''Lower glacis'' || 32-101.6 mm || 19 mm (18°) ''Top'' <br> 25 mm (4-64°) ''Bottom'' || -
|-
| Turret || 178 mm (6-78°) ''Turret front'' <br> 178 mm (1-71°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 76-178 mm (24-52°) || 51 mm (4-39°) || 51 mm ''Front'' <br> 38 mm ''Rear''
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Cupola || 100 mm ''Cupola front'' <br> 105 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 70 mm || 50 mm || 38 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 19 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Mobility characteristic
|-
! Weight (tons)
! colspan="1" | Add-on Armor<br>weight (tons)
! colspan="1" | Max speed (km/h)
|-
| rowspan="2" | 38.5 || colspan="1" rowspan="2" | N/A || colspan="1" | 62 (AB)
|-
|56 (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine power (horsepower)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|868
|1068
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|495
|560
|-
! colspan="3" | Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|22.54
|27.74
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|12.86
|14.55
|-
|}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|T208E9 (90 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[T208E9 (90 mm)|90 mm T208E9]]
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity
! rowspan="1" | Vertical <br> guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal <br> guidance
! rowspan="1" | Stabilizer
|-
| colspan="3" | 50 || -10°/+20° || ±180° || N/A
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! style="width:4em" |Mode
! style="width:4em" |Stock
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || 34.27 || 47.44 || 57.60 || 63.69 || 67.76
|-
| ''Realistic'' || 21.42 || 25.20 || 30.60 || 33.70 || 36.00
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| 11.05 || 9.78 || __.__ || 8.50
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of <br /> warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 0° Angle of Attack'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| T320 || APFSDS || 300 || 297 || 279 || 260 || 244 || 239
|-
| T340E14H || HE || 20 || 20 || 19 || 18 || 18 || 18
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" |Velocity <br /> in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile<br />Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g<br /> (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° <br> from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| T320 || APFSDS || 1570 || 3.6 || N/A || N/A || N/A || +1.5° || 76° || 77° || 78°
|-
| T340E14H || HE || 1143 || 8.2 || 0.1 || 0.5 || 1,010 || +0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke characteristic
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity <br /> in m/s
! Projectile<br />Mass in kg
! ''Screen radius <br /> in m''
! ''Screen time <br /> in s''
! ''Screen hold time <br /> in s:''
! ''Explosive Mass in g<br /> (TNT equivalent):''
|-
| T339E14 || 1143 || 8.2 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50
|-
|}

===== Ammo racks =====
[[File:Ammoracks_T95E1.png|right|thumbnail|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] for the T95E1.]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Full<br /> ammo
! class="wikitable unsortable" |1st<br /> rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |2nd<br /> rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |3rd<br /> rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |4th<br /> rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Visual<br /> discrepancy
|-
|| '''50''' || 43 ''(+7)'' || 29 ''(+21)'' || 15 ''(+35)'' || 1 ''(+49)'' || style="text-align:left" | no
|-
|}

Turret empty: 29 ''(+21)''

=== Machine guns ===
{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M73 (7.62 mm)}}

''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.''

== Usage in battles ==

The T95E1's playstyle consists of mostly setting up ambushes and/or on the frontlines. The APFSDS shell has more than enough power to destroy most tanks that it will face; however, on a uptier against [[T-64A (1971)|T-64's]] and [[KPz-70]]'s, you will need to play more cautiously, thus the ambushing tactics come into play. You must be extremely aware of what is around you and be quicker than your enemy on the gun because the lack of stabilizers will make your shot on the move very difficult.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Stock APFSDS able to penetrate most enemies frontally
* Excellent post-penetration spalling from APFSDS
* Sloped front armour is impenetrable against all but the most well-aimed AP shots
* Very good stock horizontal turret traverse
* Good gun depression of -10°, allows for some hull-down tactics

'''Cons:'''

* Poor acceleration and low top speed cross-country
* Low reverse speed relative to other American medium tanks
* A prominent weak spot in the form of commander's cupola
* No ammunition choices other than APFSDS or HE
* No stabiliser - unable to accurately fire on the move
* Front armour vulnerable against sabot and HEAT rounds
* Limited accuracy of smoothbore cannon at long range
* Large ammo racks to the sides of driver, front hull penetration could lead to easy ammo detonation.

== History ==

In the early 1950s, the US began looking for a replacement for the M48 series. In September 1954, the T95 was selected for development; construction of pilot models began in 1957. The T95E1 differed from the T95 in the inclusion of a recoil system mount and the omission of a two-plane stabilizer, and was completed in early 1958.

The T95 program was shut down in July 1960 when it became clear that both the engine power and smoothbore cannon's accuracy were unsatisfactory and would provide no significant improvements over the M48 already in service. However, further development of the turret design contributed significantly to the turret used later on the M60A1.

== Media ==

[https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?q=#t95e1 '''Skins''' and '''camouflages''' for the T95E1 from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/4752-t95e1-the-contender-en|[Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> T95E1: The Contender]]

{{USA medium tanks}}

M242 (25 mm)

2019-12-26T23:21:34Z

U3032832: updates to weapon card

{{DISPLAYTITLE:M242 (25 mm)}}
<div class="ttx">
<div class="ttx-title">{{PAGENAME}}</div>
<div class="ttx-image">[[File:Weapon_M242_(25_mm).png]]</div>
<div class="ttx-table">
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Information</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Chain-drive autocannon</span><span class="ttx-name">Type</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">USA [[File:USA_flag.png]]</span><span class="ttx-name">County of Origin</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">General Characteristics</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">25 mm</span><span class="ttx-name">Calibre</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">300</span><span class="ttx-name">Rounds per container</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">500 rounds/min</span><span class="ttx-name">Rate of fire</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">0.3 sec</span><span class="ttx-name">Reload time</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1,100 - 1,345 m/s</span><span class="ttx-name">Muzzle velocity</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">81 mm</span><span class="ttx-name">Maximum penetration</span></div>
</div>
</div>

== Description ==
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===

* {{Specs-Link|us_adats_bradley}}
* {{Specs-Link|us_m3_bradley}}

== General info ==
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''

=== Available ammunition ===
''Describe the shells that are available for the cannon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).''

=== Comparison with analogues ===
''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns, that have firepower equal to these type of weapons.''

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against the main opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarize and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''

'''Pros:'''
*

'''Cons:'''
*

== History ==
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USA tank cannons}}

[[Category:Tank cannons]]

GSh-23L (23 mm)

2019-12-25T03:57:22Z

U3032832: added autoweapon card, weapon image, general description, some pros/cons, comparison with analogues

{{AutoWeapon-Card
| image = File:GSh-23L cannon.jpg
| title = {{PAGENAME}}
| MG-calibre = 23
| Belt-capacity =
| RoF = 3,396
| MG-velocity = 610 / 690
| MG-max-pen = 29
}}

== Description ==


The GSh-23L is a twin-barreled aviation autocannon that was introduced in [[Update 1.81 "The Valkyries"]]. Featuring a very high rate of fire, the GSh-23L is the developmental follow-on to the Nudelman-Rikhter series of autocannons and was first introduced in 1965. The weapon operates on the Gast principle, whereby the recoil from one barrel operates the mechanism of the other, providing an inexpensive and simple method of a high rate of fire weapon without resorting to revolver or Gatling mechanisms. The GSh-23L is found on both helicopters and fixed-wing aircraft and provides these vehicles with very accurate and deadly firepower. Featuring nearly 3,400 rounds/minute and very limited ammunition choices, this cannon performs the job it was made to do without any unnecessary complications, although it will take discipline to not expend all of the ammunition in waste.

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===

* {{Specs-Link|mi_35m}}
* {{Specs-Link|mig-21_smt}}
* {{Specs-Link|mig-21_mf}}

== General info ==
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''

=== Available ammunition ===


{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Penetration Statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Type of Warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| AP-I || 29 || 26 || 20 || 16 || 14 || 9
|-
| FI-T || 2 || 2 || 1.5 || 1 || 0.5 || 0
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="12" | Shell Details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Type of Warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)
! rowspan="2" | Tracer
! rowspan="2" | Normalisation at 30°<br>from horizontal
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| AP-I || 610 || 0.199 || N/A || N/A || N/A || X || ?.?° || ?.?° || ?.?° || ?.?°
|-
| FI-T || 690 || 0.196 || 0.5 || 0.1 || 16.94 || ✓ || ?.?° || ?.?° || ?.?° || ?.?°
|-
|}

==== Ammunition Belts ====

* '''Default:''' AP-I / FI-T
* '''Armoured Targets:''' FI-T / AP-I / AP-I / AP-I
* '''Air Targets:''' FI-T / FI-T / FI-T / AP-I
* '''Stealth:''' AP-I

=== Comparison with analogues ===

* '''[[NR-23 (23 mm)]]:''' The GSh-23L is a direct developmental replacement for the NR-23, featuring a vastly better rate of fire although it uses the same ammunition.
* '''[[NR-30 (30 mm)]]:''' The NR-30 has far more explosive power due to the larger shells, although it only has a fire rate of 1,000 rounds/minute.
* '''[[GSh-23-2 (23 mm)]]:''' This is used in the UPK-23-250 gun pod on a wide variety of helicopters and aircraft, but has a much lower rate of fire.
* '''[[GSh-30-2K (30 mm)]]:''' The GSh-30-2K operates on the same principle and has a very high rate of fire (~2,600 rpm) but has better performance due to being 30 mm caliber.
* '''[[M61 (20 mm)]]:''' The M61 cannon has comparable explosive filling to the fragmentation rounds of the GSh-23L, although the M61 has improved ballistics and an astounding 6,000 rounds/minute rate of fire.
* '''[[M197 (20 mm)]]:''' The M197 uses the same ammunition as the M61, although it has a far lower rate of fire at 1,000 rounds/minute. Compared to the GSh-23L, it has a greater ammunition capacity on helicopters (750 vs 450 rounds).
* '''[[GIAT M781 (30 mm)]]:''' The M781 is another helicopter-mounted cannon, and although it has much more offensive power than the GSh-23L it lacks the rate of fire at only 1,200 rounds/minute.

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''
* ''Much'' higher rate of fire than previous cannons
* Powerful fragmentation rounds which can cause severe damage to enemy aircraft

'''Cons:'''
* Very limited ammunition choice (only AP-I and FI-T shells available)
* Small amount of ammunition available on fixed-wing aircraft

== History ==
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR aircraft cannons}}

[[Category:Aircraft cannons]]

File:GSh-23L cannon.jpg

2019-12-25T02:34:55Z

U3032832: Image of the GSh-23L cannon. This image was found on the Wikimedia Commons page for the GSh-23 cannon: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:GSh-23L_cannon.jpg and is copyrighted by the Wikipedia user Mike1979 Russia. The copyright holder has indic...

Image of the GSh-23L cannon.

This image was found on the Wikimedia Commons page for the GSh-23 cannon: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:GSh-23L_cannon.jpg and is copyrighted by the Wikipedia user Mike1979 Russia.

The copyright holder has indicated that the image is under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. This image was taken unedited and in its original format.

GSh-23L (23 mm)

2019-12-24T18:00:26Z

U3032832: corrected explosive mass from kg to grams

== Description ==
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===

* {{Specs-Link|mi_35m}}
* {{Specs-Link|mig-21_smt}}
* {{Specs-Link|mig-21_mf}}

== General info ==
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''

=== Available ammunition ===


{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Penetration Statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Type of Warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| AP-I || 29 || 26 || 20 || 16 || 14 || 9
|-
| FI-T || 2 || 2 || 1.5 || 1 || 0.5 || 0
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="12" | Shell Details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Type of Warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)
! rowspan="2" | Tracer
! rowspan="2" | Normalisation at 30°<br>from horizontal
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| AP-I || 610 || 0.199 || N/A || N/A || N/A || X || ?.?° || ?.?° || ?.?° || ?.?°
|-
| FI-T || 690 || 0.196 || 0.5 || 0.1 || 16.94 || ✓ || ?.?° || ?.?° || ?.?° || ?.?°
|-
|}

==== Ammunition Belts ====

* '''Default:''' AP-I / FI-T
* '''Armoured Targets:''' FI-T / AP-I / AP-I / AP-I
* '''Air Targets:''' FI-T / FI-T / FI-T / AP-I
* '''Stealth:''' AP-I

=== Comparison with analogues ===
''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.''

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''

'''Pros:'''
*

'''Cons:'''
*

== History ==
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR aircraft cannons}}

[[Category:Aircraft cannons]]

GSh-23L (23 mm)

2019-12-24T06:05:12Z

U3032832: added ammunition details

== Description ==
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===

* {{Specs-Link|mi_35m}}
* {{Specs-Link|mig-21_smt}}
* {{Specs-Link|mig-21_mf}}

== General info ==
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''

=== Available ammunition ===


{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Penetration Statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Type of Warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| AP-I || 29 || 26 || 20 || 16 || 14 || 9
|-
| FI-T || 2 || 2 || 1.5 || 1 || 0.5 || 0
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="12" | Shell Details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Type of Warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)
! rowspan="2" | Tracer
! rowspan="2" | Normalisation at 30°<br>from horizontal
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| AP-I || 610 || 0.199 || N/A || N/A || N/A || X || ?.?° || ?.?° || ?.?° || ?.?°
|-
| FI-T || 690 || 0.196 || 0.5 || 0.1 || 0.01694 || ✓ || ?.?° || ?.?° || ?.?° || ?.?°
|-
|}

==== Ammunition Belts ====

* '''Default:''' AP-I / FI-T
* '''Armoured Targets:''' FI-T / AP-I / AP-I / AP-I
* '''Air Targets:''' FI-T / FI-T / FI-T / AP-I
* '''Stealth:''' AP-I

=== Comparison with analogues ===
''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.''

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''

'''Pros:'''
*

'''Cons:'''
*

== History ==
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR aircraft cannons}}

[[Category:Aircraft cannons]]

GSh-23L (23 mm)

2019-12-24T05:51:06Z

U3032832: updated list of vehicles equipped with weapon

5 inch/38 Mk.12 (127 mm)

2019-12-19T01:47:34Z

U3032832: added ammunition details

== Description ==
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===

* {{Specs-Link|us_destroyer_fletcher_bennion|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|us_destroyer_fletcher_cowell|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|us_destroyer_farragut_1942|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|us_destroyer_fletcher|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|us_destroyer_somers|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|us_destroyer_sumner|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|us_cruiser_atlanta_class_atlanta|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|us_cruiser_brooklyn_class_helena|short}}

== General info ==
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''

=== Available ammunition ===


{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Penetration Statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Type of Warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 1000 m !! 2500 m !! 5000 m !! 7500 m !! 10000 m !! 15000 m
|-
| AAC Mk.34 || HE || 36 || 36 || 36 || 36 || 36 || 36
|-
| Common Mk.32 || SAP || 121 || 102 || 83 || 71 || 63 || 55
|-
| SP Common Mk.46 || SAPBC || 148 || 125 || 101 || 87 || 77 || 68
|-
| AAVT Mk.31 || HE-VT || 36 || 36 || 36 || 36 || 36 || 36
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="14" | Shell Details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Type of Warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)
! rowspan="2" | Trigger Radius (m)
! rowspan="2" | Arming Distance (m)
! rowspan="2" | Tracer
! rowspan="2" | Normalisation at 30°<br>from horizontal
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| AAC Mk.34 || HE || 792 || 25 || 0.4 || 0.1 || 3,220 || N/A || N/A || ✓ || ?.?° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| Common Mk.32 || SAP || 792 || 24.49 || 6.0 || 5.0 || 1,150 || N/A || N/A || ✓ || ?.?° || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| SP Common Mk.46 || SAPBC || 792 || 25.02 || 6.0 || 5.0 || 906.5 || N/A || N/A || ✓ || ?.?° || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| AAVT Mk.31 || HE-VT || 792 || 25 || 0.0 || 0.1 || 3,220 || 23 || 457 || ✓ || ?.?° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

=== Comparison with analogues ===
''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.''

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''

'''Pros:'''
*

'''Cons:'''
*

== History ==
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USA naval cannons}}

[[Category:Naval cannons]]

AGM-114B Hellfire

2019-12-16T03:09:56Z

U3032832: edited general info + pros/cons to be more accurate, added one pro

<div class="ttx">
<div class="ttx-image">[[File:AGM_114_Hellfire_Drill.jpeg]]
<div class="ttx-table">
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">AGM-114B Hellfire</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Laser Guided Air-to-Ground Missile</span><span class="ttx-name">Type</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">USA [[File:USA_flag.png]]</span><span class="ttx-name">Country of Origin</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Production History</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Rockwell / Lockheed Martin</span><span class="ttx-name">Designer</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1986</span><span class="ttx-name">Produced</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Specifications</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">45.7 kg (100.7 lb)</span><span class="ttx-name">Missile Mass</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1630 mm (64.0 in)</span><span class="ttx-name">Length (normal)</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">178 mm (7.0 in)</span><span class="ttx-name">Diameter (normal)</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1100 mm (43.3 in)</span><span class="ttx-name">Armour Penetration</span></div>

<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Other Information</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">800 - 8,000 m</span><span class="ttx-name">Effective Range</span>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">(2,625 - 26,250 ft)</span><span class="ttx-name"></span>
</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">475 m/s (1,558 ft/s)</span><span class="ttx-name">Speed</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Laser Guidance</span><span class="ttx-name">Guidance System</span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>

== Description ==


The AGM-114B Hellfire is a laser-designated air-to-ground missile that was introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]]. Initially added for the {{Specs-Link|ah_1z}}, it was later included with other vehicles that carried it as they were introduced. The AGM-114B features an impressive range with the ability to lock on to a target after launching (LOAL), giving helicopter pilots the ability to perform careful strikes on a target by hiding behind terrain to initially launch a Hellfire, starting near a mountain or hill to begin the attack, retreating behind cover, and then return to lock onto the target before the missile impacts to provide terminal guidance. The Hellfire requires precise methods to be effective, and cannot be used with any reasonable success in close range and direct fire engagements, but at range it can be a deadly weapon against ground vehicles, who have almost no warning of the incoming missile.

The AGM-114B is the initial version of the Hellfire used by the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps, being identical to the AGM-114A aside from an added safety measure for use on ships. While it was originally designed for use on the AH-1 series of attack helicopters, it has since been tested and used on many other vehicles, including some fixed-wing aircraft and newer unmanned drones. While the AGM-114B version is no longer produced and used in combat, newer versions are widely used today across many nations and platforms.

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===

* {{Specs-Link|a_129_a|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|ah_1z|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|tiger_had_france|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|g_lynx|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|lynx_ah_mk1|short}}

== General info ==


The AGM-114B is laser-guided with a maximum range of 8,000 meters (~5 mi) and a minimum range of 800 meters (~0.5 mi). There is no method to control the missile other than through the use of the laser and it must be placed on a viable target for the weapon to lock and track. Due to this, using the AGM-114B on aircraft is difficult, as any time that the laser is not directly on target is time which the Hellfire is not able to track although the use of the TV locking function can aid in this result. The AGM-114B has a narrow but very tall targeting limit, which allows for tracking a target even when at extreme height. The Hellfire also uses a lofting trajectory to engage targets, which gives the missile some ability to evade obstacles and terrain features and strike the target from an angled position.
[[File:AGM 114B Targeting Limits.png|thumb|The AGM-114B Hellfire has a rather narrow but very tall targeting limit. This allows locking and tracking of a target even when a large height difference is present, such as a helicopter at high altitude firing on a ground vehicle.]]
The Hellfire has a feature known as Lock-On After Launch (LOAL), which allows for a period of time where the laser is not turned on between when the missile is launched and when it hits the target. In War Thunder, LOAL works as follows:
[[File:AGM 114B Impact Timer.png|thumb|When a Hellfire missile is fired, a timer will appear in brackets next to the number of remaining Laser Air-to-Ground Missiles. This number will down count to zero when the missile impacts the target and will flash when 6 seconds remain to indicate an imminent missile impact.]]
* When a Hellfire missile is launched, the laser will be turned on to designate the target. A timer will appear on the HUD next to the '''L.AGM''' count in brackets, which displays the remaining flight time of the missile.
* At this time, the laser designator can be turned off if desired and the Hellfire Inertial Navigation System (INS) will guide it towards the reference point set by the laser at launch. Doing so allows the pilot to hide behind cover, perform evasive manoeuvres against incoming enemy aircraft, missiles etc. or to scan for other targets.
* When the impact timer displays 6 seconds remaining, it will begin flashing and a warning will pop up above the centre of the screen saying ''ENABLE LASER NOW.''
* Provided that the laser is switched back on and the target has not moved too far from the initial point of reference, the Hellfire will re-acquire the target from the laser designator and a successful hit will occur.

However, relying on the warning to enable the laser and waiting until 6 seconds will not guarantee a hit, especially if the target has moved away from the initial reference point set during launch. Therefore, it is advised to visually acquire the target sometime before the warning would appear and enable the laser with around 8-10 seconds of flight time remaining. At extended ranges, a flight time of 30+ seconds can be observed, giving the pilot around 20 seconds of time without the laser designator enabled. At closer ranges, it is advised to maintain the laser on the target, as otherwise the missile will still drift off course and miss the target.

=== Effective damage ===


The AGM-114B Hellfire has very high levels of penetration with 1100 mm (~43 in) at 0°, 953 mm (~37.5 in) at 30° and 550 mm (~21.7 in) at 60°. A successful penetration is likely to cause critical damage to both crew and internal components. If the damage is dealt to ammunition, the enemy vehicle will likely suffer an ammunition detonation, resulting in the destruction of the vehicle. The AGM-114B uses a HEAT warhead, so damage is dealt in a cone spreading from the point of impact. Hits on a turret are likely to contain the damage within the turret, disable the cannon breech and knocking out the vehicle commander/gunner/loader. A hit to the hull of a vehicle will likely knock out the driver and disable the engine/transmission and likely set a fire in the fuel tanks or the engine.

There is a small amount of splash damage dealt by the AGM-114B, however, it is minimal and will do no effective damage to any ground vehicle with a serious amount of armour. Vehicles with no armour or only structural protection may suffer some critical damage for a near miss, but it must be an impact within a few meters of the vehicle.

=== Comparison with analogues ===


* '''[[PARS 3 LR]]:''' The PARS 3 also uses a laser guidance system along with inertial navigation, and a lofting trajectory to engage targets. Its penetration and damage performance is very similar to the AGM-114B and has only a slightly shorter range (7.0 km). However, it is much slower at 290 m/s (compared to 475 m/s).
* '''[[9K127 Vikhr]]:''' The Vikhr is another missile capable of locking onto a target, although the Vikhr does not use a laser designator and is instead optically guided. The Vikhr is much faster (600 m/s) than the Hellfire and pursues targets with a direct route rather than the lofting trajectory of the Hellfire. Penetration and damage performance is similar with a small advantage to the Hellfire.
* '''[[9M120 Ataka]] / [[9M120M Ataka]]:''' The Ataka missiles act similarly to the Vikhr and are able to lock onto a target optically and are slightly faster than the AGM-114B at 550 m/s and features the same range at 8.0 km.
* '''[[HOT-3]]:''' The HOT-3 is an ATGM with just over half the range of the AGM-114B and therefore does not have any of the range benefits or LOAL capability, although it does feature even higher penetration at 1,250 mm.
* '''[[BGM-71 TOW-2]]:''' The TOW-2 is another ATGM and has a much shorter range and less speed than the Hellfire. While the damage is comparable, the penetration is far less. The TOW-2 is typically along the upgrade path to the AGM-114B, so it may be used in the interim until the Hellfire is unlocked although it will be much less effective.

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe situations when you would utilise this missile in-game (vehicle, pillbox, base, etc)''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''
* 8.0 km maximum range makes the Hellfire one of the longest range air-to-ground missiles, granting increased survivability by allowing engagements outside of SPAAG firing range
* Very high penetration of 1100 mm defeats most armour and allows for critical or fatal damage
* LOAL capability gives the launch platform almost unmatched flexibility to carry out other tasks while the missile is in flight
* Lofting trajectory of missile allows it to clear obstacles and terrain along the flight path and impact the target from an elevated position
* Ability to fire multiple missiles at one time and have all track together to the same target (unlike some other ATGMs like TOW missiles)

'''Cons:'''
* Maximum range is still within the envelope of several SAM vehicles ({{Specs-Link|ussr_zprk_2s6|short}}, {{Specs-Link|us_adats_bradley}}, {{Specs-Link|germ_flarakpz_1|short}})
* Lofting trajectory gives very long flight times at maximum range (upwards of 30 seconds) which can give targets time to move out of a clear line of sight and escape
* Terminal guidance with the laser designator ''must'' be provided or else the chance of a hit is essentially zero at any range due to the inertial navigation drift
* No true fire-and-forget capability, as inertial navigation is unreliable alone except against a stationary target

== History ==


The AGM-114 Hellfire program dates back to a 1971 program to develop a laser guided fire-and-forget missile intended to defeat armour and be used on helicopters, appropriately named the Helicopter Launched Fire and Forget Missile. It would be 1976 when the laser designator and paired seeker were completed, and the Rockwell International company was awarded a contract to produce the AGM-114A and test firing of the Hellfire began in 1978 with the U.S. Army completing their own testing in 1981.<ref name="DSnet1" /> The AGM-114A was approved for production in 1982 and began to be used in 1985.

The AGM-114 Hellfire uses a solid-fuel rocket motor developed by Thiokol and flies through the air with four fins with adjustable edges.<ref name="DSnet1" /> The laser seeker head of the Hellfire and track a target before launching and is capable of locking onto a target after launching. The AGM-114A has a maximum range of 8,000 meters (8,750 yards) and uses an impact fuze to detonate a shaped-charge warhead. The AGM-114B is the version developed by the U.S. Navy for use by them and the Marine Corps which is largely the exact same as the AGM-114A with the exception of the Safing/Arming Device which allows for safe shipboard use as well as a new Thiokol rocket motor which produces less smoke.<ref name="DSnet1" />

The AGM-114A and B are deemed ineffective against reactive armours due to the single shaped-charge warhead, and production of the early models was ceased in 1992.<ref name="ArmyHandbook1" /> The laser Hellfires have been sold to many nations across the world and following various acquisitions and corporate changes, the Hellfire was produced by Lockheed Martin. It has since been superceded by the Hellfire II (AGM-114K) and the Hellfire Longbow (AGM-114L) and numerous other versions.<ref name="ArmyHandbook1" />

== Media ==


{{Youtube-gallery|DUVILjfFWNU|Gameplay of the AH-1Z using the AGM-114B Hellfire '''"ORBITAL STRIKE INBOUND"''' by ''PhlyDaily''}}

== See also ==

* [[PARS 3 LR]]
* [[9M120 Ataka]] / [[9M120M Ataka]]
* [[9K127 Vikhr]]

== External links ==

* Andreas Parsch. "Boeing/Lockheed Martin AGM-114 Hellfire." Directory of U.S. Military Rockets and Missiles. Designation-Systems.net. Last modified June 24, 2009. http://designation-systems.net/dusrm/m-114.html.
* ''2013 Army Weapon Systems Handbook.'' Arlington: Department of Defense 2013. '''[https://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/land/wsh2013/134.pdf PDF]'''

== References ==
<references>
<ref name="DSnet1">Andreas Parsch, "Boeing/Lockheed Martin AGM-114 Hellfire," Directory of U.S. Military Rockets and Missiles, Designation-Systems.net, Last modified June 24, 2009, http://designation-systems.net/dusrm/m-114.html.</ref>
<ref name="ArmyHandbook1">''2013 Army Weapon Systems Handbook'', (Arlington: Department of Defense, 2013), p. 135.</ref>
</references>

{{Missiles}}

[[Category:Suspended armaments]]

M195 (20 mm)

2019-12-08T03:24:11Z

U3032832: added ammunition details, ammunition belts, added similar weapons

== Description ==
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===


* {{Specs-Link|ah_1g}} (Suspended)

== General info ==
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''

=== Available shells ===

{{notice|Not all ammunition listed is available on all vehicles equipped with this weapon.}}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Type of Warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| M53 || AP-I || 53 || 50 || 39 || 28 || 20 || 14
|-
| M246A1 || HEI-T* || 2 || 2 || 1.5 || 1 || 0.5 || 0
|-
| M56A3 || HEF-I || 2 || 2 || 1.5 || 1 || 0.5 || 0
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="12" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Type of Warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)
! rowspan="2" | Tracer
! rowspan="2" | Normalisation at 30°<br>from horizontal
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| M53 || AP-I || 1,030 || 0.147 || N/A || N/A || N/A || X || ?.?° || ?.?° || ?.?° || ?.?°
|-
| M246A1 || HEI-T* || 1,030 || 0.101 || 0.3 || 0.1 || 0.0096 || ✓ || ?.?° || ?.?° || ?.?° || ?.?°
|-
| M56A3 || HEF-I || 1,030 || 0.102 || 0.3 || 0.1 || 0.0128 || X || ?.?° || ?.?° || ?.?° || ?.?°
|-
|}

==== Ammunition Belts ====
''Last Updated: 1.93.1.37''

* '''Default:''' AP-I / HEF-I / AP-I

=== Comparison with analogues ===
''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns, that have firepower equal to these type of weapons.''

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against the main opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarize and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of this weapon. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to an article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article.''

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==

* [[M61 (20 mm)]]
* [[JM61A1 (20 mm)]]
* [[M168 (20 mm)]]

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USA aircraft cannons}}

[[Category:Aircraft cannons]]

M168 (20 mm)

2019-12-08T03:08:57Z

U3032832: added ammunition details, ammunition belts, changed vehicle list to short links, added similar weapons

== Description ==
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Make an air or ground vehicles list on which this weapon is installed in our game.''

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===

* {{Specs-Link|us_m163_vulcan|short}}

== General info ==
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''

=== Available shells ===

{{notice|Not all ammunition listed is available on all vehicles equipped with this weapon.}}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Type of Warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| M53 || AP-I || 53 || 50 || 39 || 28 || 20 || 14
|-
| M246A1 || HEI-T* || 2 || 2 || 1.5 || 1 || 0.5 || 0
|-
| M56A3 || HEF-I || 2 || 2 || 1.5 || 1 || 0.5 || 0
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="12" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Type of Warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)
! rowspan="2" | Tracer
! rowspan="2" | Normalisation at 30°<br>from horizontal
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| M53 || AP-I || 1,030 || 0.147 || N/A || N/A || N/A || X || ?.?° || ?.?° || ?.?° || ?.?°
|-
| M246A1 || HEI-T* || 1,030 || 0.101 || 0.3 || 0.1 || 0.0096 || ✓ || ?.?° || ?.?° || ?.?° || ?.?°
|-
| M56A3 || HEF-I || 1,030 || 0.102 || 0.3 || 0.1 || 0.0128 || X || ?.?° || ?.?° || ?.?° || ?.?°
|-
|}

==== Ammunition Belts ====

* '''Default:''' AP-I / HEI-T* / AP-I
* '''HEI-T:''' HEI-T* / HEI-T* / HEI-T* / AP-I
* '''AP-I:''' AP-I / AP-I / AP-I / HEI-T*

=== Comparison with analogues ===
''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns, that have firepower equal to these type of weapons.''

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against the main opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarize and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''

'''Pros:'''
*

'''Cons:'''
*

== History ==
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of this weapon. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to an article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article.''

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==

* [[M61 (20 mm)]]
* [[JM61A1 (20 mm)]]

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on weapon;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Britain and USA anti-aircraft guns}}

[[Category:Anti-aircraft guns]]

AGM-114B Hellfire

2019-12-03T00:05:36Z

U3032832: added video and links to similar weapons

<div class="ttx">
<div class="ttx-image">[[File:AGM_114_Hellfire_Drill.jpeg]]
<div class="ttx-table">
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">AGM-114B Hellfire</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Laser Guided Air-to-Ground Missile</span><span class="ttx-name">Type</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">USA [[File:USA_flag.png]]</span><span class="ttx-name">Country of Origin</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Production History</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Rockwell / Lockheed Martin</span><span class="ttx-name">Designer</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1986</span><span class="ttx-name">Produced</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Specifications</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">45.7 kg (100.7 lb)</span><span class="ttx-name">Missile Mass</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1630 mm (64.0 in)</span><span class="ttx-name">Length (normal)</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">178 mm (7.0 in)</span><span class="ttx-name">Diameter (normal)</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1100 mm (43.3 in)</span><span class="ttx-name">Armour Penetration</span></div>

<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Other Information</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">800 - 8,000 m</span><span class="ttx-name">Effective Range</span>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">(2,625 - 26,250 ft)</span><span class="ttx-name"></span>
</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">475 m/s (1,558 ft/s)</span><span class="ttx-name">Speed</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Laser Guidance</span><span class="ttx-name">Guidance System</span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>

== Description ==


The AGM-114B Hellfire is a laser-designated air-to-ground missile that was introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]]. Initially added for the {{Specs-Link|ah_1z}}, it was later included with other vehicles that carried it as they were introduced. The AGM-114B features an impressive range with the ability to lock on to a target after launching (LOAL), giving helicopter pilots the ability to perform careful strikes on a target by hiding behind terrain to initially launch a Hellfire, starting near a mountain or hill to begin the attack, retreating behind cover, and then return to lock onto the target before the missile impacts to provide terminal guidance. The Hellfire requires precise methods to be effective, and cannot be used with any reasonable success in close range and direct fire engagements, but at range it can be a deadly weapon against ground vehicles, who have almost no warning of the incoming missile.

The AGM-114B is the initial version of the Hellfire used by the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps, being identical to the AGM-114A aside from an added safety measure for use on ships. While it was originally designed for use on the AH-1 series of attack helicopters, it has since been tested and used on many other vehicles, including some fixed-wing aircraft and newer unmanned drones. While the AGM-114B version is no longer produced and used in combat, newer versions are widely used today across many nations and platforms.

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===

* {{Specs-Link|a_129_a|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|ah_1z|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|tiger_had_france|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|g_lynx|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|lynx_ah_mk1|short}}

== General info ==


The AGM-114B is strictly laser-guided with a maximum range of 8,000 meters (~5 mi) and a minimum range of 800 meters (~0.5 mi). There is no method to control the missile other than through the use of the laser and it must be placed on a viable target for the weapon to lock and track. Due to this, using the AGM-114B on aircraft is difficult, as any time that the laser is not directly on target is time which the Hellfire is not able to track. The AGM-114B has a narrow but very tall targeting limit, which allows for tracking a target even when at extreme height. The Hellfire also uses a lofting trajectory to engage targets, which gives the missile some ability to evade obstacles and terrain features and strike the target from an angled position.
[[File:AGM 114B Targeting Limits.png|thumb|The AGM-114B Hellfire has a rather narrow but very tall targeting limit. This allows locking and tracking of a target even when a large height difference is present, such as a helicopter at high altitude firing on a ground vehicle.]]
The Hellfire has a feature known as Lock-On After Launch (LOAL), which allows for a period of time where the laser is not turned on between when the missile is launched and when it hits the target. In War Thunder, LOAL works as follows:
[[File:AGM 114B Impact Timer.png|thumb|When a Hellfire missile is fired, a timer will appear in brackets next to the number of remaining Laser Air-to-Ground Missiles. This number will down count to zero when the missile impacts the target and will flash when 6 seconds remain to indicate an imminent missile impact.]]
* When a Hellfire missile is launched, the laser will be turned on to designate the target. A timer will appear on the HUD next to the '''L.AGM''' count in brackets, which displays the remaining flight time of the missile.
* At this time, the laser designator can be turned off if desired and the Hellfire Inertial Navigation System (INS) will guide it towards the reference point set by the laser at launch. Doing so allows the pilot to hide behind cover, perform evasive manoeuvres against incoming enemy aircraft, missiles etc. or to scan for other targets.
* When the impact timer displays 6 seconds remaining, it will begin flashing and a warning will pop up above the centre of the screen saying ''ENABLE LASER NOW.''
* Provided that the laser is switched back on and the target has not moved too far from the initial point of reference, the Hellfire will re-acquire the target from the laser designator and a successful hit will occur.

However, relying on the warning to enable the laser and waiting until 6 seconds will not guarantee a hit, especially if the target has moved away from the initial reference point set during launch. Therefore, it is advised to visually acquire the target sometime before the warning would appear and enable the laser with around 8-10 seconds of flight time remaining. At extended ranges, a flight time of 30+ seconds can be observed, giving the pilot around 20 seconds of time without the laser designator enabled. At closer ranges, it is advised to maintain the laser on the target, as otherwise the missile will still drift off course and miss the target.

=== Effective damage ===


The AGM-114B Hellfire has very high levels of penetration with 1100 mm (~43 in) at 0°, 953 mm (~37.5 in) at 30° and 550 mm (~21.7 in) at 60°. A successful penetration is likely to cause critical damage to both crew and internal components. If the damage is dealt to ammunition, the enemy vehicle will likely suffer an ammunition detonation, resulting in the destruction of the vehicle. The AGM-114B uses a HEAT warhead, so damage is dealt in a cone spreading from the point of impact. Hits on a turret are likely to contain the damage within the turret, disable the cannon breech and knocking out the vehicle commander/gunner/loader. A hit to the hull of a vehicle will likely knock out the driver and disable the engine/transmission and likely set a fire in the fuel tanks or the engine.

There is a small amount of splash damage dealt by the AGM-114B, however, it is minimal and will do no effective damage to any ground vehicle with a serious amount of armour. Vehicles with no armour or only structural protection may suffer some critical damage for a near miss, but it must be an impact within a few meters of the vehicle.

=== Comparison with analogues ===


* '''[[PARS 3 LR]]:''' The PARS 3 also uses a laser guidance system along with inertial navigation, and a lofting trajectory to engage targets. Its penetration and damage performance is very similar to the AGM-114B and has only a slightly shorter range (7.0 km). However, it is much slower at 290 m/s (compared to 475 m/s).
* '''[[9K127 Vikhr]]:''' The Vikhr is another missile capable of locking onto a target, although the Vikhr does not use a laser designator and is instead optically guided. The Vikhr is much faster (600 m/s) than the Hellfire and pursues targets with a direct route rather than the lofting trajectory of the Hellfire. Penetration and damage performance is similar with a small advantage to the Hellfire.
* '''[[9M120 Ataka]] / [[9M120M Ataka]]:''' The Ataka missiles act similarly to the Vikhr and are able to lock onto a target optically and are slightly faster than the AGM-114B at 550 m/s and features the same range at 8.0 km.
* '''[[HOT-3]]:''' The HOT-3 is an ATGM with just over half the range of the AGM-114B and therefore does not have any of the range benefits or LOAL capability, although it does feature even higher penetration at 1,250 mm.
* '''[[BGM-71 TOW-2]]:''' The TOW-2 is another ATGM and has a much shorter range and less speed than the Hellfire. While the damage is comparable, the penetration is far less. The TOW-2 is typically along the upgrade path to the AGM-114B, so it may be used in the interim until the Hellfire is unlocked although it will be much less effective.

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe situations when you would utilise this missile in-game (vehicle, pillbox, base, etc)''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''
* 8.0 km maximum range makes the Hellfire one of the longest range air-to-ground missiles, granting increased survivability by allowing engagements outside of SPAAG firing range
* Very high penetration of 1100 mm defeats most armour and allows for critical or fatal damage
* LOAL capability gives the launch platform almost unmatched flexibility to carry out other tasks while the missile is in flight
* Lofting trajectory of missile allows it to clear obstacles and terrain along the flight path and impact the target from an elevated position

'''Cons:'''
* Maximum range is still within the envelope of several SAM vehicles ({{Specs-Link|ussr_zprk_2s6|short}}, {{Specs-Link|us_adats_bradley}}, {{Specs-Link|germ_flarakpz_1|short}})
* Lofting trajectory gives very long flight times at maximum range (upwards of 30 seconds) which can give targets time to move out of a clear line of sight and escape
* Terminal guidance with the laser designator ''must'' be provided or else the chance of a hit is essentially zero at any range due to the internial navigation drift
* No true fire-and-forget capability, as compared to some other air-to-ground missiles (such as [[9K127 Vikhr]]) which can lock onto a target and guide without further player input

== History ==


The AGM-114 Hellfire program dates back to a 1971 program to develop a laser guided fire-and-forget missile intended to defeat armour and be used on helicopters, appropriately named the Helicopter Launched Fire and Forget Missile. It would be 1976 when the laser designator and paired seeker were completed, and the Rockwell International company was awarded a contract to produce the AGM-114A and test firing of the Hellfire began in 1978 with the U.S. Army completing their own testing in 1981.<ref name="DSnet1" /> The AGM-114A was approved for production in 1982 and began to be used in 1985.

The AGM-114 Hellfire uses a solid-fuel rocket motor developed by Thiokol and flies through the air with four fins with adjustable edges.<ref name="DSnet1" /> The laser seeker head of the Hellfire and track a target before launching and is capable of locking onto a target after launching. The AGM-114A has a maximum range of 8,000 meters (8,750 yards) and uses an impact fuze to detonate a shaped-charge warhead. The AGM-114B is the version developed by the U.S. Navy for use by them and the Marine Corps which is largely the exact same as the AGM-114A with the exception of the Safing/Arming Device which allows for safe shipboard use as well as a new Thiokol rocket motor which produces less smoke.<ref name="DSnet1" />

The AGM-114A and B are deemed ineffective against reactive armours due to the single shaped-charge warhead, and production of the early models was ceased in 1992.<ref name="ArmyHandbook1" /> The laser Hellfires have been sold to many nations across the world and following various acquisitions and corporate changes, the Hellfire was produced by Lockheed Martin. It has since been superceded by the Hellfire II (AGM-114K) and the Hellfire Longbow (AGM-114L) and numerous other versions.<ref name="ArmyHandbook1" />

== Media ==


{{Youtube-gallery|DUVILjfFWNU|Gameplay of the AH-1Z using the AGM-114B Hellfire '''"ORBITAL STRIKE INBOUND"''' by ''PhlyDaily''}}

== See also ==

* [[PARS 3 LR]]
* [[9M120 Ataka]] / [[9M120M Ataka]]
* [[9K127 Vikhr]]

== External links ==

* Andreas Parsch. "Boeing/Lockheed Martin AGM-114 Hellfire." Directory of U.S. Military Rockets and Missiles. Designation-Systems.net. Last modified June 24, 2009. http://designation-systems.net/dusrm/m-114.html.
* ''2013 Army Weapon Systems Handbook.'' Arlington: Department of Defense 2013. '''[https://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/land/wsh2013/134.pdf PDF]'''

== References ==
<references>
<ref name="DSnet1">Andreas Parsch, "Boeing/Lockheed Martin AGM-114 Hellfire," Directory of U.S. Military Rockets and Missiles, Designation-Systems.net, Last modified June 24, 2009, http://designation-systems.net/dusrm/m-114.html.</ref>
<ref name="ArmyHandbook1">''2013 Army Weapon Systems Handbook'', (Arlington: Department of Defense, 2013), p. 135.</ref>
</references>

{{Missiles}}

[[Category:Suspended armaments]]

AGM-114B Hellfire

2019-12-02T18:29:50Z

U3032832: spelling error

<div class="ttx">
<div class="ttx-image">[[File:AGM_114_Hellfire_Drill.jpeg]]
<div class="ttx-table">
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">AGM-114B Hellfire</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Laser Guided Air-to-Ground Missile</span><span class="ttx-name">Type</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">USA [[File:USA_flag.png]]</span><span class="ttx-name">Country of Origin</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Production History</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Rockwell / Lockheed Martin</span><span class="ttx-name">Designer</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1986</span><span class="ttx-name">Produced</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Specifications</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">45.7 kg (100.7 lb)</span><span class="ttx-name">Missile Mass</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1630 mm (64.0 in)</span><span class="ttx-name">Length (normal)</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">178 mm (7.0 in)</span><span class="ttx-name">Diameter (normal)</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1100 mm (43.3 in)</span><span class="ttx-name">Armour Penetration</span></div>

<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Other Information</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">800 - 8,000 m</span><span class="ttx-name">Effective Range</span>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">(2,625 - 26,250 ft)</span><span class="ttx-name"></span>
</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">475 m/s (1,558 ft/s)</span><span class="ttx-name">Speed</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Laser Guidance</span><span class="ttx-name">Guidance System</span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>

== Description ==


The AGM-114B Hellfire is a laser-designated air-to-ground missile that was introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]]. Initially added for the {{Specs-Link|ah_1z}}, it was later included with other vehicles that carried it as they were introduced. The AGM-114B features an impressive range with the ability to lock on to a target after launching (LOAL), giving helicopter pilots the ability to perform careful strikes on a target by hiding behind terrain to initially launch a Hellfire, starting near a mountain or hill to begin the attack, retreating behind cover, and then return to lock onto the target before the missile impacts to provide terminal guidance. The Hellfire requires precise methods to be effective, and cannot be used with any reasonable success in close range and direct fire engagements, but at range it can be a deadly weapon against ground vehicles, who have almost no warning of the incoming missile.

The AGM-114B is the initial version of the Hellfire used by the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps, being identical to the AGM-114A aside from an added safety measure for use on ships. While it was originally designed for use on the AH-1 series of attack helicopters, it has since been tested and used on many other vehicles, including some fixed-wing aircraft and newer unmanned drones. While the AGM-114B version is no longer produced and used in combat, newer versions are widely used today across many nations and platforms.

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===

* {{Specs-Link|a_129_a|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|ah_1z|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|tiger_had_france|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|g_lynx|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|lynx_ah_mk1|short}}

== General info ==


The AGM-114B is strictly laser-guided with a maximum range of 8,000 meters (~5 mi) and a minimum range of 800 meters (~0.5 mi). There is no method to control the missile other than through the use of the laser and it must be placed on a viable target for the weapon to lock and track. Due to this, using the AGM-114B on aircraft is difficult, as any time that the laser is not directly on target is time which the Hellfire is not able to track. The AGM-114B has a narrow but very tall targeting limit, which allows for tracking a target even when at extreme height. The Hellfire also uses a lofting trajectory to engage targets, which gives the missile some ability to evade obstacles and terrain features and strike the target from an angled position.
[[File:AGM 114B Targeting Limits.png|thumb|The AGM-114B Hellfire has a rather narrow but very tall targeting limit. This allows locking and tracking of a target even when a large height difference is present, such as a helicopter at high altitude firing on a ground vehicle.]]
The Hellfire has a feature known as Lock-On After Launch (LOAL), which allows for a period of time where the laser is not turned on between when the missile is launched and when it hits the target. In War Thunder, LOAL works as follows:
[[File:AGM 114B Impact Timer.png|thumb|When a Hellfire missile is fired, a timer will appear in brackets next to the number of remaining Laser Air-to-Ground Missiles. This number will down count to zero when the missile impacts the target and will flash when 6 seconds remain to indicate an imminent missile impact.]]
* When a Hellfire missile is launched, the laser will be turned on to designate the target. A timer will appear on the HUD next to the '''L.AGM''' count in brackets, which displays the remaining flight time of the missile.
* At this time, the laser designator can be turned off if desired and the Hellfire Inertial Navigation System (INS) will guide it towards the reference point set by the laser at launch. Doing so allows the pilot to hide behind cover, perform evasive manoeuvres against incoming enemy aircraft, missiles etc. or to scan for other targets.
* When the impact timer displays 6 seconds remaining, it will begin flashing and a warning will pop up above the centre of the screen saying ''ENABLE LASER NOW.''
* Provided that the laser is switched back on and the target has not moved too far from the initial point of reference, the Hellfire will re-acquire the target from the laser designator and a successful hit will occur.

However, relying on the warning to enable the laser and waiting until 6 seconds will not guarantee a hit, especially if the target has moved away from the initial reference point set during launch. Therefore, it is advised to visually acquire the target sometime before the warning would appear and enable the laser with around 8-10 seconds of flight time remaining. At extended ranges, a flight time of 30+ seconds can be observed, giving the pilot around 20 seconds of time without the laser designator enabled. At closer ranges, it is advised to maintain the laser on the target, as otherwise the missile will still drift off course and miss the target.

=== Effective damage ===


The AGM-114B Hellfire has very high levels of penetration with 1100 mm (~43 in) at 0°, 953 mm (~37.5 in) at 30° and 550 mm (~21.7 in) at 60°. A successful penetration is likely to cause critical damage to both crew and internal components. If the damage is dealt to ammunition, the enemy vehicle will likely suffer an ammunition detonation, resulting in the destruction of the vehicle. The AGM-114B uses a HEAT warhead, so damage is dealt in a cone spreading from the point of impact. Hits on a turret are likely to contain the damage within the turret, disable the cannon breech and knocking out the vehicle commander/gunner/loader. A hit to the hull of a vehicle will likely knock out the driver and disable the engine/transmission and likely set a fire in the fuel tanks or the engine.

There is a small amount of splash damage dealt by the AGM-114B, however, it is minimal and will do no effective damage to any ground vehicle with a serious amount of armour. Vehicles with no armour or only structural protection may suffer some critical damage for a near miss, but it must be an impact within a few meters of the vehicle.

=== Comparison with analogues ===


* '''[[PARS 3 LR]]:''' The PARS 3 also uses a laser guidance system along with inertial navigation, and a lofting trajectory to engage targets. Its penetration and damage performance is very similar to the AGM-114B and has only a slightly shorter range (7.0 km). However, it is much slower at 290 m/s (compared to 475 m/s).
* '''[[9K127 Vikhr]]:''' The Vikhr is another missile capable of locking onto a target, although the Vikhr does not use a laser designator and is instead optically guided. The Vikhr is much faster (600 m/s) than the Hellfire and pursues targets with a direct route rather than the lofting trajectory of the Hellfire. Penetration and damage performance is similar with a small advantage to the Hellfire.
* '''[[9M120 Ataka]] / [[9M120M Ataka]]:''' The Ataka missiles act similarly to the Vikhr and are able to lock onto a target optically and are slightly faster than the AGM-114B at 550 m/s and features the same range at 8.0 km.
* '''[[HOT-3]]:''' The HOT-3 is an ATGM with just over half the range of the AGM-114B and therefore does not have any of the range benefits or LOAL capability, although it does feature even higher penetration at 1,250 mm.
* '''[[BGM-71 TOW-2]]:''' The TOW-2 is another ATGM and has a much shorter range and less speed than the Hellfire. While the damage is comparable, the penetration is far less. The TOW-2 is typically along the upgrade path to the AGM-114B, so it may be used in the interim until the Hellfire is unlocked although it will be much less effective.

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe situations when you would utilise this missile in-game (vehicle, pillbox, base, etc)''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''
* 8.0 km maximum range makes the Hellfire one of the longest range air-to-ground missiles, granting increased survivability by allowing engagements outside of SPAAG firing range
* Very high penetration of 1100 mm defeats most armour and allows for critical or fatal damage
* LOAL capability gives the launch platform almost unmatched flexibility to carry out other tasks while the missile is in flight
* Lofting trajectory of missile allows it to clear obstacles and terrain along the flight path and impact the target from an elevated position

'''Cons:'''
* Maximum range is still within the envelope of several SAM vehicles ({{Specs-Link|ussr_zprk_2s6|short}}, {{Specs-Link|us_adats_bradley}}, {{Specs-Link|germ_flarakpz_1|short}})
* Lofting trajectory gives very long flight times at maximum range (upwards of 30 seconds) which can give targets time to move out of a clear line of sight and escape
* Terminal guidance with the laser designator ''must'' be provided or else the chance of a hit is essentially zero at any range due to the internial navigation drift
* No true fire-and-forget capability, as compared to some other air-to-ground missiles (such as [[9K127 Vikhr]]) which can lock onto a target and guide without further player input

== History ==


The AGM-114 Hellfire program dates back to a 1971 program to develop a laser guided fire-and-forget missile intended to defeat armour and be used on helicopters, appropriately named the Helicopter Launched Fire and Forget Missile. It would be 1976 when the laser designator and paired seeker were completed, and the Rockwell International company was awarded a contract to produce the AGM-114A and test firing of the Hellfire began in 1978 with the U.S. Army completing their own testing in 1981.<ref name="DSnet1" /> The AGM-114A was approved for production in 1982 and began to be used in 1985.

The AGM-114 Hellfire uses a solid-fuel rocket motor developed by Thiokol and flies through the air with four fins with adjustable edges.<ref name="DSnet1" /> The laser seeker head of the Hellfire and track a target before launching and is capable of locking onto a target after launching. The AGM-114A has a maximum range of 8,000 meters (8,750 yards) and uses an impact fuze to detonate a shaped-charge warhead. The AGM-114B is the version developed by the U.S. Navy for use by them and the Marine Corps which is largely the exact same as the AGM-114A with the exception of the Safing/Arming Device which allows for safe shipboard use as well as a new Thiokol rocket motor which produces less smoke.<ref name="DSnet1" />

The AGM-114A and B are deemed ineffective against reactive armours due to the single shaped-charge warhead, and production of the early models was ceased in 1992.<ref name="ArmyHandbook1" /> The laser Hellfires have been sold to many nations across the world and following various acquisitions and corporate changes, the Hellfire was produced by Lockheed Martin. It has since been superceded by the Hellfire II (AGM-114K) and the Hellfire Longbow (AGM-114L) and numerous other versions.<ref name="ArmyHandbook1" />

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the weapon;''
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

* Andreas Parsch. "Boeing/Lockheed Martin AGM-114 Hellfire." Directory of U.S. Military Rockets and Missiles. Designation-Systems.net. Last modified June 24, 2009. http://designation-systems.net/dusrm/m-114.html.
* ''2013 Army Weapon Systems Handbook.'' Arlington: Department of Defense 2013. '''[https://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/land/wsh2013/134.pdf PDF]'''

== References ==
<references>
<ref name="DSnet1">Andreas Parsch, "Boeing/Lockheed Martin AGM-114 Hellfire," Directory of U.S. Military Rockets and Missiles, Designation-Systems.net, Last modified June 24, 2009, http://designation-systems.net/dusrm/m-114.html.</ref>
<ref name="ArmyHandbook1">''2013 Army Weapon Systems Handbook'', (Arlington: Department of Defense, 2013), p. 135.</ref>
</references>

{{Missiles}}

[[Category:Suspended armaments]]

AGM-114B Hellfire

2019-11-30T03:08:22Z

U3032832: added pro/con list

<div class="ttx">
<div class="ttx-image">[[File:AGM_114_Hellfire_Drill.jpeg]]
<div class="ttx-table">
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">AGM-114B Hellfire</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Laser Guided Air-to-Ground Missile</span><span class="ttx-name">Type</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">USA [[File:USA_flag.png]]</span><span class="ttx-name">Country of Origin</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Production History</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Rockwell / Lockheed Martin</span><span class="ttx-name">Designer</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1986</span><span class="ttx-name">Produced</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Specifications</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">45.7 kg (100.7 lb)</span><span class="ttx-name">Missile Mass</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1630 mm (64.0 in)</span><span class="ttx-name">Length (normal)</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">178 mm (7.0 in)</span><span class="ttx-name">Diameter (normal)</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1100 mm (43.3 in)</span><span class="ttx-name">Armour Penetration</span></div>

<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Other Information</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">800 - 8,000 m</span><span class="ttx-name">Effective Range</span>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">(2,625 - 26,250 ft)</span><span class="ttx-name"></span>
</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">475 m/s (1,558 ft/s)</span><span class="ttx-name">Speed</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Laser Guidance</span><span class="ttx-name">Guidance System</span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>

== Description ==


The AGM-114B Hellfire is a laser-designated air-to-ground missile that was introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]]. Initially added for the {{Specs-Link|ah_1z}}, it was later included with other vehicles that carried it as they were introduced. The AGM-114B features an impressive range with the ability to lock on to a target after launching (LOAL), giving helicopter pilots the ability to perform careful strikes on a target by hiding behind terrain to initially launch a Hellfire, starting near a mountain or hill to begin the attack, retreating behind cover, and then return to lock onto the target before the missile impacts to provide terminal guidance. The Hellfire requires precise methods to be effective, and cannot be used with any reasonable success in close range and direct fire engagements, but at range it can be a deadly weapon against ground vehicles, who have almost no warning of the incoming missile.

The AGM-114B is the initial version of the Hellfire used by the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps, being identical to the AGM-114A aside from an added safety measure for use on ships. While it was originally designed for use on the AH-1 series of attack helicopters, it has since been tested and used on many other vehicles, including some fixed-wing aircraft and newer unmanned drones. While the AGM-114B version is no longer produced and used in combat, newer versions are widely used today across many nations and platforms.

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===

* {{Specs-Link|a_129_a|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|ah_1z|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|tiger_had_france|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|g_lynx|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|lynx_ah_mk1|short}}

== General info ==


The AGM-114B is strictly laser-guided with a maximum range of 8,000 meters (~5 mi) and a minimum range of 800 meters (~0.5 mi). There is no method to control the missile other than through the use of the laser and it must be placed on a viable target for the weapon to lock and track. Due to this, using the AGM-114B on aircraft is difficult, as any time that the laser is not directly on target is time which the Hellfire is not able to track. The AGM-114B has a narrow but very tall targeting limit, which allows for tracking a target even when at extreme height. The Hellfire also uses a lofting trajectory to engage targets, which gives the missile some ability to evade obstacles and terrain features and strike the target from an angled position.
[[File:AGM 114B Targeting Limits.png|thumb|The AGM-114B Hellfire has a rather narrow but very tall targeting limit. This allows locking and tracking of a target even when a large height difference is present, such as a helicopter at high altitude firing on a ground vehicle.]]
The Hellfire has a feature known as Lock-On After Launch (LOAL), which allows for a period of time where the laser is not turned on between when the missile is launched and when it hits the target. In War Thunder, LOAL works as follows:
[[File:AGM 114B Impact Timer.png|thumb|When a Hellfire missile is fired, a timer will appear in brackets next to the number of remaining Laser Air-to-Ground Missiles. This number will down count to zero when the missile impacts the target and will flash when 6 seconds remain to indicate an imminent missile impact.]]
* When a Hellfire missile is launched, the laser will be turned on to designate the target. A timer will appear on the HUD next to the '''L.AGM''' count in brackets, which displays the remaining flight time of the missile.
* At this time, the laser designator can be turned off if desired and the Hellfire Inertial Navigation System (INS) will guide it towards the reference point set by the laser at launch. Doing so allows the pilot to hide behind cover, perform evasive manoeuvres against incoming enemy aircraft, missiles etc. or to scan for other targets.
* When the impact timer displays 6 seconds remaining, it will begin flashing and a warning will pop up above the centre of the screen saying ''ENABLE LASER NOW.''
* Provided that the laser is switched back on and the target has not moved too far from the initial point of reference, the Hellfire will re-acquire the target from the laser designator and a successful hit will occur.

However, relying on the warning to enable the laser and waiting until 6 seconds will not guarantee a hit, especially if the target has moved away from the initial reference point set during launch. Therefore, it is advised to visually acquire the target sometime before the warning would appear and enable the laser with around 8-10 seconds of flight time remaining. At extended ranges, a flight time of 30+ seconds can be observed, giving the pilot around 20 seconds of time without the laser designator enabled. At closer ranges, it is advised to maintain the laser on the target, as otherwise the missile will still drift off course and miss the target.

=== Effective damage ===


The AGM-114B Hellfire has very high levels of penetration with 1100 mm (~43 in) at 0°, 953 mm (~37.5 in) at 30° and 550 mm (~21.7 in) at 60°. A successful penetration is likely to cause critical damage to both crew and internal components. If the damage is dealt to ammunition, the enemy vehicle will likely suffer an ammunition detonation, resulting in the destruction of the vehicle. The AGM-114B uses a HEAT warhead, so damage is dealt in a cone spreading from the point of impact. Hits on a turret are likely to contain the damage within the turret, disable the cannon breech and knocking out the vehicle commander/gunner/loader. A hit to the hull of a vehicle will likely knock out the driver and disable the engine/transmission and likely set a fire in the fuel tanks or the engine.

There is a small amount of splash damage dealt by the AGM-114B, however, it is minimal and will do no effective damage to any ground vehicle with a serious amount of armour. Vehicles with no armour or only structural protection may suffer some critical damage for a near miss, but it must be an impact within a few meters of the vehicle.

=== Comparison with analogues ===


* '''[[PARS 3 LR]]:''' The PARS 3 also uses a laser guidance system along with inertial navigation, and a lofting trajectory to engage targets. Its penetration and damage performance is very similar to the AGM-114B and has only a slightly shorter range (7.0 km). However, it is much slower at 290 m/s (compared to 475 m/s).
* '''[[9K127 Vikhr]]:''' The Vikhr is another missile capable of locking onto a target, although the Vikhr does not use a laser designator and is instead optically guided. The Vikhr is much faster (600 m/s) than the Hellfire and pursues targets with a direct route rather than the lofting trajectory of the Hellfire. Penetration and damage performance is similar with a small advantage to the Hellfire.
* '''[[9M120 Ataka]] / [[9M120M Ataka]]:''' The Ataka missiles act similarly to the Vikhr and are able to lock onto a target optically and are slightly faster than the AGM-114B at 550 m/s and features the same range at 8.0 km.
* '''[[HOT-3]]:''' The HOT-3 is an ATGM with just over half the range of the AGM-114B and therefore does not have any of the range benefits or LOAL capability, although it does feature even higher penetration at 1,250 mm.
* '''[[BGM-71 TOW-2]]:''' The TOW-2 is another ATGM and has a much shorter range and less speed than the Hellfire. While the damage is comparable, the penetration is far less. The TOW-2 is typically along the upgrade path to the AGM-114B, so it may be used in the interim until the Hellfire is unlocked although it will be much less effective.

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe situations when you would utilise this missile in-game (vehicle, pillbox, base, etc)''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''
* 8.0 km maximum range makes the Hellfire one of the longest range air-to-ground missiles, granting increased survivability by allowing engagements outside of SPAAG firing range
* Very high penetration of 1100 mm defeats most armour and allows for critical or fatal damage
* LOAL capability gives the launch platform almost unmatched flexibility to carry out other tasks while the missile is in flight
* Lofting trajectory of missile allows it to clear obstacles and terrain along the flight path and impact the target from an elevated position

'''Cons:'''
* Maximum range is still within the envelope of several SAM vehicles ({{Specs-Link|ussr_zprk_2s6|short}}, {{Specs-Link|us_adats_bradley}}, {{Specs-Link|germ_flarakpz_1|short}})
* Lofting trajectory gives very long flight times at maximum range (upwards of 30 seconds) which can give targets time to move out of a clear line of sight and escape
* Terminal guidance with the laser designator ''must'' be provided or else the chance of a hit is essentially zero at any range due to the internial navigation drift
* No true fire-and-forget capability, as compared to some other air-to-ground missiles (such as [[9K127 Vikhr]]) which can lock onto a target and guide without furhter player input

== History ==


The AGM-114 Hellfire program dates back to a 1971 program to develop a laser guided fire-and-forget missile intended to defeat armour and be used on helicopters, appropriately named the Helicopter Launched Fire and Forget Missile. It would be 1976 when the laser designator and paired seeker were completed, and the Rockwell International company was awarded a contract to produce the AGM-114A and test firing of the Hellfire began in 1978 with the U.S. Army completing their own testing in 1981.<ref name="DSnet1" /> The AGM-114A was approved for production in 1982 and began to be used in 1985.

The AGM-114 Hellfire uses a solid-fuel rocket motor developed by Thiokol and flies through the air with four fins with adjustable edges.<ref name="DSnet1" /> The laser seeker head of the Hellfire and track a target before launching and is capable of locking onto a target after launching. The AGM-114A has a maximum range of 8,000 meters (8,750 yards) and uses an impact fuze to detonate a shaped-charge warhead. The AGM-114B is the version developed by the U.S. Navy for use by them and the Marine Corps which is largely the exact same as the AGM-114A with the exception of the Safing/Arming Device which allows for safe shipboard use as well as a new Thiokol rocket motor which produces less smoke.<ref name="DSnet1" />

The AGM-114A and B are deemed ineffective against reactive armours due to the single shaped-charge warhead, and production of the early models was ceased in 1992.<ref name="ArmyHandbook1" /> The laser Hellfires have been sold to many nations across the world and following various acquisitions and corporate changes, the Hellfire was produced by Lockheed Martin. It has since been superceded by the Hellfire II (AGM-114K) and the Hellfire Longbow (AGM-114L) and numerous other versions.<ref name="ArmyHandbook1" />

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the weapon;''
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

* Andreas Parsch. "Boeing/Lockheed Martin AGM-114 Hellfire." Directory of U.S. Military Rockets and Missiles. Designation-Systems.net. Last modified June 24, 2009. http://designation-systems.net/dusrm/m-114.html.
* ''2013 Army Weapon Systems Handbook.'' Arlington: Department of Defense 2013. '''[https://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/land/wsh2013/134.pdf PDF]'''

== References ==
<references>
<ref name="DSnet1">Andreas Parsch, "Boeing/Lockheed Martin AGM-114 Hellfire," Directory of U.S. Military Rockets and Missiles, Designation-Systems.net, Last modified June 24, 2009, http://designation-systems.net/dusrm/m-114.html.</ref>
<ref name="ArmyHandbook1">''2013 Army Weapon Systems Handbook'', (Arlington: Department of Defense, 2013), p. 135.</ref>
</references>

{{Missiles}}

[[Category:Suspended armaments]]

AGM-114B Hellfire

2019-11-29T23:07:01Z

U3032832: added history and references

<div class="ttx">
<div class="ttx-image">[[File:AGM_114_Hellfire_Drill.jpeg]]
<div class="ttx-table">
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">AGM-114B Hellfire</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Laser Guided Air-to-Ground Missile</span><span class="ttx-name">Type</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">USA [[File:USA_flag.png]]</span><span class="ttx-name">Country of Origin</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Production History</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Rockwell / Lockheed Martin</span><span class="ttx-name">Designer</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1986</span><span class="ttx-name">Produced</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Specifications</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">45.7 kg (100.7 lb)</span><span class="ttx-name">Missile Mass</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1630 mm (64.0 in)</span><span class="ttx-name">Length (normal)</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">178 mm (7.0 in)</span><span class="ttx-name">Diameter (normal)</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1100 mm (43.3 in)</span><span class="ttx-name">Armour Penetration</span></div>

<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Other Information</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">800 - 8,000 m</span><span class="ttx-name">Effective Range</span>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">(2,625 - 26,250 ft)</span><span class="ttx-name"></span>
</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">475 m/s (1,558 ft/s)</span><span class="ttx-name">Speed</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Laser Guidance</span><span class="ttx-name">Guidance System</span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>

== Description ==


The AGM-114B Hellfire is a laser-designated air-to-ground missile that was introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]]. Initially added for the {{Specs-Link|ah_1z}}, it was later included with other vehicles that carried it as they were introduced. The AGM-114B features an impressive range with the ability to lock on to a target after launching (LOAL), giving helicopter pilots the ability to perform careful strikes on a target by hiding behind terrain to initially launch a Hellfire, starting near a mountain or hill to begin the attack, retreating behind cover, and then return to lock onto the target before the missile impacts to provide terminal guidance. The Hellfire requires precise methods to be effective, and cannot be used with any reasonable success in close range and direct fire engagements, but at range it can be a deadly weapon against ground vehicles, who have almost no warning of the incoming missile.

The AGM-114B is the initial version of the Hellfire used by the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps, being identical to the AGM-114A aside from an added safety measure for use on ships. While it was originally designed for use on the AH-1 series of attack helicopters, it has since been tested and used on many other vehicles, including some fixed-wing aircraft and newer unmanned drones. While the AGM-114B version is no longer produced and used in combat, newer versions are widely used today across many nations and platforms.

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===

* {{Specs-Link|a_129_a|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|ah_1z|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|tiger_had_france|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|g_lynx|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|lynx_ah_mk1|short}}

== General info ==


The AGM-114B is strictly laser-guided with a maximum range of 8,000 meters (~5 mi) and a minimum range of 800 meters (~0.5 mi). There is no method to control the missile other than through the use of the laser and it must be placed on a viable target for the weapon to lock and track. Due to this, using the AGM-114B on aircraft is difficult, as any time that the laser is not directly on target is time which the Hellfire is not able to track. The AGM-114B has a narrow but very tall targeting limit, which allows for tracking a target even when at extreme height. The Hellfire also uses a lofting trajectory to engage targets, which gives the missile some ability to evade obstacles and terrain features and strike the target from an angled position.
[[File:AGM 114B Targeting Limits.png|thumb|The AGM-114B Hellfire has a rather narrow but very tall targeting limit. This allows locking and tracking of a target even when a large height difference is present, such as a helicopter at high altitude firing on a ground vehicle.]]
The Hellfire has a feature known as Lock-On After Launch (LOAL), which allows for a period of time where the laser is not turned on between when the missile is launched and when it hits the target. In War Thunder, LOAL works as follows:
[[File:AGM 114B Impact Timer.png|thumb|When a Hellfire missile is fired, a timer will appear in brackets next to the number of remaining Laser Air-to-Ground Missiles. This number will down count to zero when the missile impacts the target and will flash when 6 seconds remain to indicate an imminent missile impact.]]
* When a Hellfire missile is launched, the laser will be turned on to designate the target. A timer will appear on the HUD next to the '''L.AGM''' count in brackets, which displays the remaining flight time of the missile.
* At this time, the laser designator can be turned off if desired and the Hellfire Inertial Navigation System (INS) will guide it towards the reference point set by the laser at launch. Doing so allows the pilot to hide behind cover, perform evasive manoeuvres against incoming enemy aircraft, missiles etc. or to scan for other targets.
* When the impact timer displays 6 seconds remaining, it will begin flashing and a warning will pop up above the centre of the screen saying ''ENABLE LASER NOW.''
* Provided that the laser is switched back on and the target has not moved too far from the initial point of reference, the Hellfire will re-acquire the target from the laser designator and a successful hit will occur.

However, relying on the warning to enable the laser and waiting until 6 seconds will not guarantee a hit, especially if the target has moved away from the initial reference point set during launch. Therefore, it is advised to visually acquire the target sometime before the warning would appear and enable the laser with around 8-10 seconds of flight time remaining. At extended ranges, a flight time of 30+ seconds can be observed, giving the pilot around 20 seconds of time without the laser designator enabled. At closer ranges, it is advised to maintain the laser on the target, as otherwise the missile will still drift off course and miss the target.

=== Effective damage ===


The AGM-114B Hellfire has very high levels of penetration with 1100 mm (~43 in) at 0°, 953 mm (~37.5 in) at 30° and 550 mm (~21.7 in) at 60°. A successful penetration is likely to cause critical damage to both crew and internal components. If the damage is dealt to ammunition, the enemy vehicle will likely suffer an ammunition detonation, resulting in the destruction of the vehicle. The AGM-114B uses a HEAT warhead, so damage is dealt in a cone spreading from the point of impact. Hits on a turret are likely to contain the damage within the turret, disable the cannon breech and knocking out the vehicle commander/gunner/loader. A hit to the hull of a vehicle will likely knock out the driver and disable the engine/transmission and likely set a fire in the fuel tanks or the engine.

There is a small amount of splash damage dealt by the AGM-114B, however, it is minimal and will do no effective damage to any ground vehicle with a serious amount of armour. Vehicles with no armour or only structural protection may suffer some critical damage for a near miss, but it must be an impact within a few meters of the vehicle.

=== Comparison with analogues ===


* '''[[PARS 3 LR]]:''' The PARS 3 also uses a laser guidance system along with inertial navigation, and a lofting trajectory to engage targets. Its penetration and damage performance is very similar to the AGM-114B and has only a slightly shorter range (7.0 km). However, it is much slower at 290 m/s (compared to 475 m/s).
* '''[[9K127 Vikhr]]:''' The Vikhr is another missile capable of locking onto a target, although the Vikhr does not use a laser designator and is instead optically guided. The Vikhr is much faster (600 m/s) than the Hellfire and pursues targets with a direct route rather than the lofting trajectory of the Hellfire. Penetration and damage performance is similar with a small advantage to the Hellfire.
* '''[[9M120 Ataka]] / [[9M120M Ataka]]:''' The Ataka missiles act similarly to the Vikhr and are able to lock onto a target optically and are slightly faster than the AGM-114B at 550 m/s and features the same range at 8.0 km.
* '''[[HOT-3]]:''' The HOT-3 is an ATGM with just over half the range of the AGM-114B and therefore does not have any of the range benefits or LOAL capability, although it does feature even higher penetration at 1,250 mm.
* '''[[BGM-71 TOW-2]]:''' The TOW-2 is another ATGM and has a much shorter range and less speed than the Hellfire. While the damage is comparable, the penetration is far less. The TOW-2 is typically along the upgrade path to the AGM-114B, so it may be used in the interim until the Hellfire is unlocked although it will be much less effective.

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe situations when you would utilise this missile in-game (vehicle, pillbox, base, etc)''

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''

'''Pros:'''
*

'''Cons:'''
*

== History ==


The AGM-114 Hellfire program dates back to a 1971 program to develop a laser guided fire-and-forget missile intended to defeat armour and be used on helicopters, appropriately named the Helicopter Launched Fire and Forget Missile. It would be 1976 when the laser designator and paired seeker were completed, and the Rockwell International company was awarded a contract to produce the AGM-114A and test firing of the Hellfire began in 1978 with the U.S. Army completing their own testing in 1981.<ref name="DSnet1" /> The AGM-114A was approved for production in 1982 and began to be used in 1985.

The AGM-114 Hellfire uses a solid-fuel rocket motor developed by Thiokol and flies through the air with four fins with adjustable edges.<ref name="DSnet1" /> The laser seeker head of the Hellfire and track a target before launching and is capable of locking onto a target after launching. The AGM-114A has a maximum range of 8,000 meters (8,750 yards) and uses an impact fuze to detonate a shaped-charge warhead. The AGM-114B is the version developed by the U.S. Navy for use by them and the Marine Corps which is largely the exact same as the AGM-114A with the exception of the Safing/Arming Device which allows for safe shipboard use as well as a new Thiokol rocket motor which produces less smoke.<ref name="DSnet1" />

The AGM-114A and B are deemed ineffective against reactive armours due to the single shaped-charge warhead, and production of the early models was ceased in 1992.<ref name="ArmyHandbook1" /> The laser Hellfires have been sold to many nations across the world and following various acquisitions and corporate changes, the Hellfire was produced by Lockheed Martin. It has since been superceded by the Hellfire II (AGM-114K) and the Hellfire Longbow (AGM-114L) and numerous other versions.<ref name="ArmyHandbook1" />

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the weapon;''
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

* Andreas Parsch. "Boeing/Lockheed Martin AGM-114 Hellfire." Directory of U.S. Military Rockets and Missiles. Designation-Systems.net. Last modified June 24, 2009. http://designation-systems.net/dusrm/m-114.html.
* ''2013 Army Weapon Systems Handbook.'' Arlington: Department of Defense 2013. '''[https://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/land/wsh2013/134.pdf PDF]'''

== References ==
<references>
<ref name="DSnet1">Andreas Parsch, "Boeing/Lockheed Martin AGM-114 Hellfire," Directory of U.S. Military Rockets and Missiles, Designation-Systems.net, Last modified June 24, 2009, http://designation-systems.net/dusrm/m-114.html.</ref>
<ref name="ArmyHandbook1">''2013 Army Weapon Systems Handbook'', (Arlington: Department of Defense, 2013), p. 135.</ref>
</references>

{{Missiles}}

[[Category:Suspended armaments]]

Template:Missiles

2019-11-29T04:32:24Z

U3032832: added 9M120M Ataka and 9K127 Vikhr to USSR AGM section

{{Navigation-Start|Missiles}}

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''USA'''}}

{{Navigation-Line|AAM}} [[AIM-9B]]{{-}}[[AIM-9D]]{{-}}[[AIM-9E]]{{-}}[[AIM-9L]]{{-}}[[AIM-92 Stinger]]

{{Navigation-Line|AGM}} [[AGM-12B Bullpup]]{{-}}[[AGM-12C Bullpup]]{{-}}[[AGM-22]]{{-}}[[AGM-114B Hellfire|AGM-114B ''Hellfire'']]{{-}}[[BGM-71 TOW]]{{-}}[[BGM-71 TOW-2]]

{{Navigation-Line|ATGM}} [[BGM-71B TOW]]{{-}}[[BGM-71C I-TOW]]

{{Navigation-Line|SAM}} [[MIM146]]

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Germany'''}}

{{Navigation-Line|AGM}} [[HOT-1]]{{-}}[[HOT-2]]

{{Navigation-Line|ATGM}} [[HOT-K3S]]{{-}}[[PARS 3 LR]]

{{Navigation-Line|}}''Foreign:''

{{Navigation-Line|ATGM}}[[BGM-71B TOW]] <sup><small>(USA)</small></sup>{{-}}[[BGM-71C I-TOW]] <sup><small>(USA)</small></sup>

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''USSR'''}}

{{Navigation-Line|AAM}} [[R-3S]]{{-}}[[R-13M]]{{-}}[[R-60]]{{-}}[[R-60M]]

{{Navigation-Line|AGM}} [[9M14-2|9M14-2 ''Malyutka'']]{{-}}[[9M17M Falanga|9M17M ''Falanga'']]{{-}}[[9M17P Falanga-PV|9М17P ''Falanga-PV'']]{{-}}[[9M114 Shturm|9M114 ''Shturm'']]{{-}}[[9M120 Ataka|9M120 ''Ataka'']]{{-}}[[9M120M Ataka|9M120M ''Ataka'']]{{-}}[[9K127 Vikhr|9K127 ''Vikhr'']]

{{Navigation-Line|ATGM}} [[3M7]]{{-}}[[9M113 Konkurs]]{{-}}[[9M14]]

{{Navigation-Line|SAM}} [[9M311]]

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Britain'''}}

{{Navigation-Line|AAM}} [[Fireflash]]{{-}}[[Firestreak]]{{-}}[[SRAAM]]

{{Navigation-Line|ATGM}} [[BAe Swingfire]]

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Japan'''}}

{{Navigation-Line|ATGM}} [[Type 64 MAT]]{{-}}[[Type 79]]

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Italy'''}}

{{Navigation-Line|ATGM}} [[MILAN]]{{-}}[[MILAN 2]]

{{Navigation-Line|}}''Foreign:''

{{Navigation-Line|ATGM}}[[BGM-71B TOW]] <sup><small>(USA)</small></sup>{{-}}[[BGM-71C I-TOW]] <sup><small>(USA)</small></sup>

{{Navigation-Line|AAM}} [[AA-20]] <sup><small>(France)</small></sup>

{{Navigation-Line|AGM}} [[AS-20]] <sup><small>(France)</small></sup>

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''France'''}}

{{Navigation-Line|AAM}} [[AA-20]]{{-}}[[Mistral]]{{-}}[[Shafrir]]

{{Navigation-Line|AGM}} [[AS-20]]{{-}}[[SS.11]]

{{Navigation-Line|ATGM}} [[HOT]]{{-}}[[HOT-3]]

{{Navigation-First-Line|}} <small><b>AAM</b> = ''Air-to-Air Missile''   <b>AGM</b> = ''Air-to-Ground Missile''   <b>ATGM</b> = ''Anti-Tank Guided Missile (Ground mounts)''   <b>SAM</b> = ''Surface-to-Air Missile''</small>

{{Navigation-End}}<noinclude>
[[Category:Navigation on armaments]]
</noinclude>

AGM-114B Hellfire

2019-11-29T04:23:34Z

U3032832: added general info

<div class="ttx">
<div class="ttx-image">[[File:AGM_114_Hellfire_Drill.jpeg]]
<div class="ttx-table">
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">AGM-114B Hellfire</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Laser Guided Air-to-Ground Missile</span><span class="ttx-name">Type</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">USA [[File:USA_flag.png]]</span><span class="ttx-name">Country of Origin</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Production History</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Rockwell / Lockheed Martin</span><span class="ttx-name">Designer</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1986</span><span class="ttx-name">Produced</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Specifications</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">45.7 kg (100.7 lb)</span><span class="ttx-name">Missile Mass</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1630 mm (64.0 in)</span><span class="ttx-name">Length (normal)</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">178 mm (7.0 in)</span><span class="ttx-name">Diameter (normal)</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1100 mm (43.3 in)</span><span class="ttx-name">Armour Penetration</span></div>

<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Other Information</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">800 - 8,000 m</span><span class="ttx-name">Effective Range</span>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">(2,625 - 26,250 ft)</span><span class="ttx-name"></span>
</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">475 m/s (1,558 ft/s)</span><span class="ttx-name">Speed</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Laser Guidance</span><span class="ttx-name">Guidance System</span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>

== Description ==


The AGM-114B Hellfire is a laser-designated air-to-ground missile that was introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]]. Initially added for the {{Specs-Link|ah_1z}}, it was later included with other vehicles that carried it as they were introduced. The AGM-114B features an impressive range with the ability to lock on to a target after launching (LOAL), giving helicopter pilots the ability to perform careful strikes on a target by hiding behind terrain to initially launch a Hellfire, starting near a mountain or hill to begin the attack, retreating behind cover, and then return to lock onto the target before the missile impacts to provide terminal guidance. The Hellfire requires precise methods to be effective, and cannot be used with any reasonable success in close range and direct fire engagements, but at range it can be a deadly weapon against ground vehicles, who have almost no warning of the incoming missile.

The AGM-114B is the initial version of the Hellfire used by the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps, being identical to the AGM-114A aside from an added safety measure for use on ships. While it was originally designed for use on the AH-1 series of attack helicopters, it has since been tested and used on many other vehicles, including some fixed-wing aircraft and newer unmanned drones. While the AGM-114B version is no longer produced and used in combat, newer versions are widely used today across many nations and platforms.

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===

* {{Specs-Link|a_129_a|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|ah_1z|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|tiger_had_france|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|g_lynx|short}}
* {{Specs-Link|lynx_ah_mk1|short}}

== General info ==


The AGM-114B is strictly laser-guided with a maximum range of 8,000 meters (~5 mi) and a minimum range of 800 meters (~0.5 mi). There is no method to control the missile other than through the use of the laser and it must be placed on a viable target for the weapon to lock and track. Due to this, using the AGM-114B on aircraft is difficult, as any time that the laser is not directly on target is time that the Hellfire is not able to track. The AGM-114B has a narrow but very tall targeting limit, which allows for tracking a target even when at extreme height. The Hellfire also uses a lofting trajectory to engage targets, which gives the missile some ability to evade obstacles and terrain features and strike the target from an angled position.
[[File:AGM 114B Targeting Limits.png|thumb|The AGM-114B Hellfire has a rather narrow but very tall targeting limit. This allows locking and tracking of a target even when a large height difference is present, such as a helicopter at high altitude firing on a ground vehicle.]]
The Hellfire has a feature known as Lock-On After Launch (LOAL), which allows for a period of time where the laser is not turned on between when the missile is launched and when it hits the target. In War Thunder, LOAL works as follows:
[[File:AGM 114B Impact Timer.png|thumb|When a Hellfire missile is fired, a timer will appear in brackets next to the number of remaining Laser Air-to-Ground Missiles. This number will down count to zero when the missile impacts the target, and will flash when 6 seconds remain to indicate an imminent missile impact.]]
* When a Hellfire missile is launched, the laser will be turned on to designate the target. A timer will appear on the HUD next to the '''L.AGM''' count in brackets, which displays the remaining flight time of the missile.
* At this time, the laser designator can be turned off if desired and the Hellfire Inertial Navigation System (INS) will guide it towards the reference point set by the laser at launch. Doing so allows the pilot to hide behind cover, perform evasive manoeuvres against incoming enemy aircraft, missiles etc. or to scan for other targets.
* When the impact timer displays 6 seconds remaining, it will begin flashing and a warning will pop up above the center of the screen saying ''ENABLE LASER NOW.''
* Provided that the laser is switched back on and the target has not moved too far from the initial point of reference, the Hellfire will re-acquire the target from the laser designator and a successful hit will occur.

However, relying on the warning to enable the laser and waiting until 6 seconds will not guarantee a hit, especially if the target has moved away from the initial reference point set during launch. Therefore, it is advised to visually acquire the target some time before the warning would appear and enable the laser with around 8-10 seconds of flight time remaining. At extended ranges, a flight time of 30+ seconds can be observed, giving the pilot around 20 seconds of time without the laser designator enabled. At closer ranges, it is advised to maintain the laser on the target, as otherwise the missile will still drift off course and miss the target.

=== Effective damage ===


The AGM-114B Hellfire has very high levels of penetration with 1100 mm (~43 in) at 0°, 953 mm (~37.5 in) at 30° and 550 mm (~21.7 in) at 60°. A successful penetration is likely to cause critical damage to both crew and internal components. If damage is dealt to ammunition, the enemy vehicle will likely suffer an ammunition detonation, resulting in the destruction of the vehicle. The AGM-114B uses a HEAT warhead, so damage is dealt in a cone spreading from the point of impact. Hits on a turret are likely to contain the damage within the turret, disable the cannon breech and knocking out the vehicle commander/gunner/loader. A hit to the hull of a vehicle will likely knock out the driver and disable the engine/transmission and likely set a fire in the fuel tanks or the engine.

There is a small mount of splash damage dealt by the AGM-114B, however it is minimal and will do no effective damage to any ground vehicle with a serious amount of armour. Vehicles with no armour or only structural protection may suffer some critical damage for a near miss, but it must be an impact within a few meters of the vehicle.

=== Comparison with analogues ===


* '''[[PARS 3 LR]]:''' The PARS 3 also uses a laser guidance system along with inertial navigation, and a lofting trajectory to engage targets. Its penetration and damage performance is very similar to the AGM-114B and is only slightly shorter range (7.0 km). However, it is much slower at 290 m/s (compared to 475 m/s).
* '''[[9K127 Vikhr]]:''' The Vikhr is another missile capable of locking onto a target, although the Vikhr does not use a laser designator and is instead optically guided. The Vikhr is much faster (600 m/s) than the Hellfire and pursues targets with a direct route rather than the lofting trajectory of the Hellfire. Penetration and damage performance is similar with a small advantage to the Hellfire.
* '''[[9M120 Ataka]] / [[9M120M Ataka]]:''' The Ataka missiles act similarly to the Vikhr and are able to lock onto a target optically and are slightly faster than the AGM-114B at 550 m/s and features the same range at 8.0 km.
* '''[[HOT-3]]:''' The HOT-3 is an ATGM with just over half the range of the AGM-114B and therefore does not have any of the range benefits or LOAL capability, although it does feature even higher penetration at 1,250 mm.
* '''[[BGM-71 TOW-2]]:''' The TOW-2 is another ATGM and has a much shorter range and less speed than the Hellfire. While the damage is comparable, the penetration is far less. The TOW-2 is typically along the upgrade path to the AGM-114B, so it may be used in the interim until the Hellfire is unlocked although it will be much less effective.

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe situations when you would utilise this missile in-game (vehicle, pillbox, base, etc)''

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''

'''Pros:'''
*

'''Cons:'''
*

== History ==
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the weapon;''
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Missiles}}

[[Category:Suspended armaments]]

File:AGM 114B Targeting Limits.png

2019-11-29T02:09:08Z

U3032832: A screenshot displaying the AGM-114B Hellfire targeting limits.

A screenshot displaying the AGM-114B Hellfire targeting limits.

File:AGM 114B Impact Timer.png

2019-11-29T01:40:36Z

U3032832: A screenshot displaying the impact timer of the AGM-114B Hellfire missile.

A screenshot displaying the impact timer of the AGM-114B Hellfire missile.

File:AGM 114 Hellfire Drill.jpeg

2019-11-28T00:11:54Z

U3032832: U3032832 uploaded a new version of File:AGM 114 Hellfire Drill.jpeg

A firing drill of the AGM-114 Hellfire from an AH-1Z off the coast of Okinawa, 2017. This image was taken from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hellfire_Drill_170214-M-DV652-0040.jpg and is considered in the public domain.

AGM-114B Hellfire

2019-11-28T00:08:57Z

U3032832: added weapon information table and general description

File:AGM 114 Hellfire Drill.jpeg

2019-11-27T22:10:46Z

U3032832: A firing drill of the AGM-114 Hellfire from an AH-1Z off the coast of Okinawa, 2017. This image was taken from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hellfire_Drill_170214-M-DV652-0040.jpg and is considered in the public domain.

Falcon

2019-11-27T17:19:16Z

U3032832: minor rewrite of description, general info and armaments sections to improve readability and remove uses of "you" and other similar language

{{Specs-Card|code=uk_falcon}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British self-propelled anti-aircraft vehicle {{Battle-rating}}. This vehicle was introduced in [[Update 1.57 "Battle March"]]. While being an anti-aircraft vehicle, the Falcon has optimal performance against everything, assuming you have enough modifications. Some self-propelled anti-aircraft vehicles have a high fire rate, which allows them to destroy planes instantly or harass them from great distances, although they may have problems with standard ground vehicles due to armour. There are others which can destroy tanks by using high penetration ammunition but have difficulty taking down aircraft due to a lack of explosive filler. The Falcon has the ability to perform both of these roles with a high degree of efficiency.

The Falcon has the appearance of a light tank with a slightly sloped round turret on the back. It is easy to recognize the Falcon due to its unique features as there are not many vehicles like it on a field at its battle rating.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===


The armour on the Falcon is not very effective, as it can only reliably protect against rifle-caliber machine guns. Aircraft that are armed with heavy machine guns and cannons are able to destroy it, but the Falcon is quick and highly maneuverable compared to most other vehicles which can allow it to escape into cover.

Important to note that some full caliber AP shells do not detonate upon impacting the Falcon's armour, granting it some chances to make narrow escapes. However, is is also possible for these shells to hull-break the Falcon as long as they are of 120+ mm calibre and hit a critical module of the tank. One of the confirmed critical modules is the autocannon breech. Many of the tanks at the Battle Rating of the Falcon also carry 12.7 mm or 14.5 mm heavy machine guns and will fire them at the Falcon, which are easily capable of defeating the armour and will devastate the interior of the vehicle, so as long as the mobility of the vehicle is not hampered it is advisable to keep moving and find cover.

Chemical rounds, such as HEAT-FS and HESH, will also obliterate the Falcon, and artillery can also quickly bring a swift end to the Falcon.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 10 mm (80°), 12.7 mm (2-19°) ''Front glacis'' <br> 12.7 mm (37°) ''Lower glacis'' || 12.7 mm ''Top'' <br> 12.7 mm (13°) ''Bottom'' || 10 mm (2°) || 10 mm
|-
| Turret || 10 mm (4-64°) || 10 mm (14-26°) || 10 mm (2°) || 6 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 10 mm thick while tracks are 15 mm thick.
* The general armour on the Falcon is extremely thin, which allows some full caliber AP shells to pass through without detonating.
* Heavy machine guns are able to defeat the armour protection of the Falcon.

=== Mobility ===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Mobility characteristic
|-
! Weight (tons)
! colspan="1" | Add-on Armor<br>weight (tons)
! colspan="1" | Max speed (km/h)
|-
| rowspan="2" | 15.9 || colspan="1" rowspan="2" | N/A || colspan="1" | 52 (AB)
|-
|48 (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine power (horsepower)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|303
|372
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|188
|213
|-
! colspan="3" | Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|19.06
|23.4
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|11.82
|13.4
|-
|}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|HSS-831L (30 mm)}}

The Falcon carries two 30 mm autocannons with a high rate of fire. Together, they can shred tanks and planes apart in mere seconds.

Autocannons can overheat if continuously fired, so short bursts work best. Firing for more than 6 seconds can cause overheating and jamming and it is advised to refrain from extended firing unless absolutely necessary. The recoil from guns slows you down and pushes you back. If attempting a flanking attack, try to fire over the the side of the vehicle, as otherwise, the opponent's turret might catch up.

Ammunition is stored in one belt, which ensures uniformity of ammunition but does have several disadvantages Rearming the belt is only possible when all ammunition is expended. This takes an extended period of time (around a full minute), so running out of ammunition is very detrimental, especially if the team lacks map control which prevents rearming at a capture point. Lacking ammunition allows aircraft to easily make attack runs.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[HSS-831L (30 mm)|30 mm HSS-831L]] (x2)
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity each)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate <br> (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical <br> guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal <br> guidance
! rowspan="1" | Stabilizer
|-
| colspan="2" | 620 (310) || 600 || -10°/+85° || ±180° || Two-plane
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! style="width:4em" |Mode
! style="width:4em" |Stock
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' ||70.45||97.51||118.4||130.94||139.29
|-
| ''Realistic'' ||47.6||56||67.8||75||80
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
| colspan="2" |Rearm rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
|65||57.5||53||50
| colspan="2" |~60
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of <br /> warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 0°/60° Angle of Attack'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| Default || AP-I || 52/26 || 50/25 || 39/20 || 29/14 || 21/11 ||16/8
|-
| APDS-T || APDS || 110/42 || 101/39 || 95/36 || 69/26 || 52/20 || 41/16
|-
|}

Note: Description of the belt only displays the penetration for strongest shell in the belt.

=====Belt types=====
{| class="wikitable"
| '''Belts''' || '''Shell composition''' || '''Combat usage'''
|-
| align="left" |'''''Default ''''' || align="left" | AP-I, HEI-T* || align="left" |General combat. Avoid heavily armoured vehicles at all costs, but can punish other SPAA and light tanks.
|-
| align="left" |'''''30x170 HE-I-T''''' || align="left" | HEI-T*, HEI*, HEI*, AP-I || align="left" |Belt adapted to hunt down planes. Damage to SPAA and light tanks is reduced severely.
|-
| align="left" |'''''30x170 APHE-I''''' || align="left" | AP-I, AP-I, AP-I, HEI-T*|| align="left" | Belt adapted to hunt down light tanks. Damage to planes is reduced, but still adequate.
|-
| align="left" |'''''30x170 APDS-T''''' || align="left" | APDS, AP-I*, AP-I*, HEI-T* || align="left" |Anti-tank belt. Flank and destroy careless MBT's, damage heavy tanks, while doing AA duty.
|}

===== [[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] =====
[[File:Ammoracks Falcon.png|right|thumbnail|x250px|[[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] of the Falcon.]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Full<br />ammo
! class="wikitable unsortable" |1st<br />rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |2nd<br />rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Visual<br /> discrepancy
|-
| '''620''' || 310 ''(+310)''|| 0 ''(+620)''|| style="text-align:center" | N/A
|-
|}

===== Optics and night vision =====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | {{PAGENAME}} [[Optics]]
|-
! rowspan="3" |Type of optic
! rowspan="3" |Magnification
! colspan="5" |[[Night Vision Devices]]
|-
! colspan="3" |Image Intensifier
! rowspan="2" |{{Annotation|Thermal Imager<br>Resolution|The higher the resolution the clearer and more detailed the image is}}
! rowspan="2" |Notes
|-
! {{Annotation|Resolution|The higher the resolution the clearer and more detailed the image is}}
! {{Annotation|Light Mult|By how much the image intensifier amplifies the existing light, primarily useful for comparing image intensifiers}}
! {{Annotation|Noise Level|How much noise is present in the image (how grainy the image is)}}
|-
! Gunner's Sight
| X~2 - X~4 || N/A || N/A || N/A || Not Fitted ||
|-
! Commander's View
| X6 || N/A || N/A || N/A || Not Fitted ||
|-
! Driver's View
| X1 / 3PV || 800X600 || ? || high || Not Fitted || Only useable with tier 4 upgrade
|-
|}

*Zoom level estimated using optics gallery.

Use night vision to avoid hostile tanks or to fight them at close range at night. The image intensifier is not installed for gunner or commander, so be cautious when shifting between third person and other views during night.

== Usage in battles ==

Generally, Falcon drives around the battlefield, trying to hide in hard to notice flank positions or behind houses and shoots at planes. In case if someone drives by - flanks them and destroys them, if has AP belt.

It's generally better to stay out of sight, using terrain elevation or houses. You only can choose one belt, AP belt is adequate for any work. If you want to shoot just planes you can take explosive ammo, but then you are completely useless against armour. APDS belt allows harassing even heavily armoured vehicles from sides. You won't need to reload until you are done.

In case if some tank noticed you and wants to destroy you, you can use the fact, that tanks turrets are usually far from the front of the tank. Bait enemy towards your cover, stand far enough away from the corner to see enemy tracks, but not to see an enemy turret, and shoot cannons at the track that is '''further away from you'''. That will force the moving tank to topple over and mess with the enemy aim. Before enemy realized what has just happened shred their side armour and destroy them. If that failed - run, they won't be able to get you anyway. You can do that in duels as well, however, just destroying them is better at that point.

In RB, it's possible to hide in forests, waiting for relatively poorly armoured German medium tanks, light tanks and alike, however, if they notice your vehicle first you probably won't do enough damage to stop them from firing again.

In AB, it's possible to just drive around and shoot at everyone, since it's even faster there, however, people dislike being shot at by autocannons, and someone will certainly notice the noise and kill-feed, so don't expect to live long, especially against Soviets, who have lots of frontal armouring and BMPs, which are superior to you in every way.

Some enemies to be concerned about:

* ATGM: These are worse than any tanks because they won't accidentally hit your loader with AP shell, they will just explode you. Attack only when having the upper hand, be that long range, cover, or surprise.
* Maus: It's invulnerable to you and has 2 cannons. Even IS-7 can technically be defeated in point blank duel with APDS from the rear, but not The Maus. In AB this means, that you can't drive anywhere it can look and fire at.
* Soviet tanks and heavy tanks: A lot of them sport 120 mm cannons, which means, if they fire back at your guns, the shell may just break the hull. They also have superior frontal armour, so try to be careful around them.

====Counter-tactics====

'''Ground:'''<br>
AP and APDS belts are most effective when fired at your side armour or back of the turret. If you are attacked by a Falcon, just turn both hull and turret to take better angle against them.

It's best to not let them get a jump on you at all, since it may be able to destroy 2 tanks before anyone even realizes what's going on. Just don't stand with your sides open towards flank directions, instead, turn your hull's front and back there, if the enemy you are currently fighting cannot fire at your hull anyway.

On rare occasions, ramming the Falcon damages it's guns. Ramming at full speed often damages tracks or at least temporarily stops it.

'''Air:'''<br> The Falcon has questionable accuracy at 2 km range, but it still can force you to disengage just by firing in your general direction. It's still better to not mess with falcon and avoid flying too much near to buildings if you know it's there.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* High penetrating APDS rounds can actually do some major damage at the tier
* Very high one-second burst mass
* Only has one ammo belt per gun so no need to reload

'''Cons:'''

* Weak armour
* Shotgun effect when fired continuously for more than 10 seconds. Will most likely overheat at that point, too
* Approximately 30 seconds worth of ammo before needing to rearm at a capture circle, which takes a long time
* High repair cost in arcade battles of 15k + about 2k for APDS ammunition when spaded

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ground vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article. This section may also include the vehicle's devblog entry (if applicable) and the ingame encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== Encyclopedia Info ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [http://warthunder.com/en/devblog/current/866/ [Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> Falcon AA: Britain’s foremost anti-air gun]

{{Britain anti-aircraft vehicles}}

PTF-7

2019-11-26T18:38:03Z

U3032832: added ships to "see also"

{{Specs-Card|code=us_nasty_ptf}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American motor gunboat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] as part of the fleet closed beta test.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

This boat's only armour is located at the 2 x 20 mm turrets. It consists of two 12.7 mm plates sloped at 8 degrees. Ammunition for these guns are located below the waterline and forward of the bridge. The rear of the contains the boat's two engines.

=== Mobility ===

Fully upgraded the boat has decent turning capabilities. Its speed when fully upgraded matches that of similar class torpedo boats.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!colspan="3" | Mobility characteristic
|-
! colspan="3" | Weight (tons)
|-
| colspan="3" | 68
|-
!colspan="3" | Max Speed (km/h)
|-
!colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
| 82
| 112
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
| 71
| 83
|-
|}

== Armament ==
=== Primary armament ===

{{main|Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)|AN-M2 (12.7 mm)}}

The 2 x 20 mm Oerlikon Mk.II cannons are located on either side of the bridge. They provide a cone of overlapping fire of approx 45 degrees to the front and rear of the boat. Ammunition is available in Universal, HE, and AP.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | [[Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)|20 mm Oerlikon Mk.II]] (x2)
|-
! colspan = "3" | Turrets (Bow to stern)
|-
! || Port turret (x1) || Starboard turret (x1)
|-
! scope="row" | Vertical guidance
| -5°/+60° || -5°/+60°
|-
! scope="row" | Horizontal guidance
| -180°/+10° || -10°/+180°
|-
! scope="row" | Vertical targeting speed
| colspan = "2" | 75°/s
|-
! scope="row" | Horizontal targeting speed
| colspan = "2" | 75°/s
|-
! scope="row" | Ammo capacity (Belt capacity)
| colspan = "2" | 2,160 (60)
|-
! scope="row" | Rounds per turret
| colspan = "2" | 1,080
|-
! scope="row" | Rate of Fire (Rounds/min)
| colspan = "2" | 450
|}

The single 12.7 mm AN-M2 machine gun is located in front of the bridge. The location does mean that it has a blind spot to the rear of the boat. Ammunition is only available in the default load.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="8" | [[AN-M2 (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm AN-M2]] (x1)
|-
! Vertical Guidance || Horizontal Guidance || Vertical Targeting Speed || Horizontal Targeting Speed || Ammo Capacity (Belt Capacity) || Rate of Fire (Rounds/Min)
|-
| -5°/+40° || ±155° || 70°/s || 60°/s || 4000 (500) || 576
|-
|}

=== Secondary armament ===

{{main|Bofors L/60 Mark 3 (40 mm)}}

The 40 mm cannon is located mid-ship facing aft. This provides it with an excellent field of fire to the rear but means a blind spot to the front of the boat. Ammunition is available in Universal, HE, and AP.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="8" | [[Bofors L/60 Mark 3 (40 mm)|40 mm Bofors L/60 Mark 3]] (x1)
|-
! Vertical Guidance || Horizontal Guidance || Vertical Targeting Speed || Horizontal Targeting Speed || Ammo Capacity (Belt Capacity) || Rate of Fire (Rounds/Min)
|-
| -6°/+87° || ±180° || 30°/s || 24°/s || 2000 (500) || 160
|-
|}

=== Special armament ===

{{main|Mk 2 (81 mm)}}

The 81 mm mortar is available once researched and fires HE ammunition. Once installed, the mortar will take the place of the 12.7 mm machine gun on the front gun emplacement.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="8" | [[Mk 2 (81 mm)|81 mm Mk 2 Mortar]] (x1)
|-
! Vertical Guidance || Horizontal Guidance || Vertical Targeting Speed || Horizontal Targeting Speed || Ammo Capacity (Belt Capacity) || Rate of Fire (Rounds/Min)
|-
| -5°/+40° || ±155° || 45°/s || 20°/s || 100 (N/A) || 18
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The 80 ft Nasty gives the captain a versatile ship that can pack a punch for it's Battle Rating, and proves to be highly capable in the hands of a skilled captain even against higher-ranked vessels. Exploiting the strengths of the Nasty and mitigating the weaknesses can make it an impressive ally as well as a fearsome opponent.

==== Exploiting Strengths ====

The 80 ft Nasty has a rather high speed, topping out at 112 km/h (~60 knots) in Arcade Battles and 83 km/h (~45 knots) in Realistic when fully upgraded. Only a small handful of other ships can match or exceed this, and they typically cannot match the armament that the 80 ft Nasty has (such as the {{Specs-Link|ussr_pr_123bis}}). This allows the 80 ft Nasty to easily get around the battlefield to carry out an abundance of tasks, anywhere from capturing points, rushing down weaker vessels, harassing larger or more powerful ships, as well as supporting teammates. While staying stationary and hiding in wait for a strike can be a viable tactic, using the speed of the 80 ft Nasty can give excellent results and support the team by being more dynamic.

Another major strength of the 80 ft Nasty is the powerful armament carried on board. Frontally, it is capable of bringing two 20 mm Oerlikon cannons on target which can easily rip through smaller boats in a quick manner. The cannon shells can penetrate through the basic armour profiles of ships at similar Battle Ratings and the high explosive component can devastate the interiors and crew of hostile vehicles. However, the true strength of the 80 ft Nasty is the 40 mm Bofors cannon mounted behind the bridge. Turning to use this weapon can massively boost the offensive firepower and allows the 80 ft Nasty to defeat weaker opponents with relative ease as well as stronger opponents with some skill and tactics. The high explosive shells obliterate ships with little or no armour, and the armour-piercing shells provide the 80 ft Nasty with the ability to tear through even the Soviet armoured gunboats, such as the {{Specs-Link|ussr_bmo}} and {{Specs-Link|ussr_1124_ack}}. Enemy aircraft can also be dealt with using both the Oerlikons and the Bofors cannons, so make sure to assist in clearing the skies when necessary.

==== Mitigating Weaknesses ====

A significant weakness of the 80 ft Nasty is the lack of torpedo armament. When caught in the middle of multiple opponents or attempting to scare off potential threats, there is little that can be done. Torpedoes give a distraction to enemies and can potentially erase them from the map, but without them, it is crucial to maintain awareness and not dive too deep into enemy territory. The 40 mm Bofors do provide capabilities against heavily armoured ships, but time is needed to take them down and too many at once is quickly overwhelming. When using the 20 mm Oerlikons it is important to note that it takes several seconds to reload, which can be a way to quickly sink in combat if not timed properly. Combined with the fact that the 80 ft Nasty is relatively large compared to other ships in the range of its Battle Rating and pushes out into open waters can quickly become a death sentence. Using the terrain and cover wisely is a helpful skill to learn in order to survive.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High speed, giving the ability to re-position and engage targets at will
* Effective 20 mm Oerlikon cannons against other small craft
* Highly destructive 40 mm Bofors against small craft, and serve against larger vessels
* Combined Bofors and Oerlikon cannons provide an effective anti-aircraft armament

'''Cons:'''

* Lack of torpedo armament makes attacks against larger vessels exceedingly dangerous
* Large size makes it an easy target, and lack of any hull armour means low survivability
* Inability to use all armaments at once, due to 40 mm Bofors being located on the aft end of the ship
* Lengthy reload time for the 20 mm Oerlikons can be detrimental in the middle of a fight

== History ==


The '''Nasty-class''' of patrol boats was originally the work of a private venture in Norway as an attempt to build the best possible patrol craft featuring all of the best attributes of those from World War II. The first prototype was built in 1957 for the Royal Norwegian Navy and tests were shown to be successful.<ref name="PTFNasty1" /> The Nasty used a sleek wooden hull combined with two Napier Deltic engines, each providing 3,100 HP, for a speed of over 74 km/h (40 knots). It was designed to accommodate a range of weaponry for any role.

With the escalation of the war in Vietnam, the United States saw a need for new patrol boats as nearly all of the ones from World War II had been scrapped or were unusable. Several countries made contracts with the Westermoen shipyard in Norway to construct Nasty-class patrol boats and the United States purchased 14 of them which were delivered in 1964. An agreement was also made for six to be built under license at a shipyard in Annapolis, with those being delivered in 1967.<ref name="PTFNasty2" /> These were all put into service as they were acquired, being employed in South Vietnam and designated Fast Patrol Craft (PTF). A few of the Nasty-class boats (PTF-7 included) were used to train South Vietnamese Navy crews and given to them for a period of four years but were all returned to American service in 1970. During the war, the Nasty PTFs were used for shore bombardment and secret mission by special forces units along the coast. Out of the 20 total built, 6 were lost in action. After the end of the war, the Nasty boats were used sparingly, as the maintenance costs were high and they were all eventually decommissioned by the end of the 1970s with many were scrapped. A small few likely remain in existence, although many are merely hulks which have been stripped of all equipment and are in poor condition.

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article will be video guides, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==

* {{Specs-Link|uk_70ft_mgb}}: The MGB-61 has a somewhat similar arrangement of weapons, with a 40 mm Rolls Royce semi-automatic cannon on the rear along with two twin 12.7 mm machine guns
* {{Specs-Link|jp_karotei_type2}}: The Type 4 Model 2 also has a similar offensive suite, with a quick firing 37 mm cannon and a 20 mm autocannon

== External links ==


* [[Wikipedia:United_States_Nasty-class_patrol_boat|[Wikipedia] United States Nasty-class patrol boat]]
* [http://www.ptfnasty.com/index.htm [PTFNasty.com<nowiki>]</nowiki> The "Nasty Class" Fighting Boats]
* [http://www.ptfnasty.com/gallery/galPtf7.htm [PTFNasty.com<nowiki>]</nowiki> Gallery of PTF-7]

== References ==
<references>
<ref name="PTFNasty1">Dan Withers, "History," The "Nasty Class" Fighting Boats, Last Modified June 1, 2013, http://www.ptfnasty.com/ptfHistory.html.</ref>
<ref name="PTFNasty2">''Ibid.''</ref>
</references>

{{USA boats}}

PTF-7

2019-11-26T00:47:53Z

U3032832: added armament tables

{{Specs-Card|code=us_nasty_ptf}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American motor gunboat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] as part of the fleet closed beta test.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

This boat's only armour is located at the 2 x 20 mm turrets. It consists of two 12.7 mm plates sloped at 8 degrees. Ammunition for these guns are located below the waterline and forward of the bridge. The rear of the contains the boat's two engines.

=== Mobility ===

Fully upgraded the boat has decent turning capabilities. Its speed when fully upgraded matches that of similar class torpedo boats.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!colspan="3" | Mobility characteristic
|-
! colspan="3" | Weight (tons)
|-
| colspan="3" | 68
|-
!colspan="3" | Max Speed (km/h)
|-
!colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
| 82
| 112
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
| 71
| 83
|-
|}

== Armament ==
=== Primary armament ===

{{main|Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)|AN-M2 (12.7 mm)}}

The 2 x 20 mm Oerlikon Mk.II cannons are located on either side of the bridge. They provide a cone of overlapping fire of approx 45 degrees to the front and rear of the boat. Ammunition is available in Universal, HE, and AP.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | [[Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)|20 mm Oerlikon Mk.II]] (x2)
|-
! colspan = "3" | Turrets (Bow to stern)
|-
! || Port turret (x1) || Starboard turret (x1)
|-
! scope="row" | Vertical guidance
| -5°/+60° || -5°/+60°
|-
! scope="row" | Horizontal guidance
| -180°/+10° || -10°/+180°
|-
! scope="row" | Vertical targeting speed
| colspan = "2" | 75°/s
|-
! scope="row" | Horizontal targeting speed
| colspan = "2" | 75°/s
|-
! scope="row" | Ammo capacity (Belt capacity)
| colspan = "2" | 2,160 (60)
|-
! scope="row" | Rounds per turret
| colspan = "2" | 1,080
|-
! scope="row" | Rate of Fire (Rounds/min)
| colspan = "2" | 450
|}

The single 12.7 mm AN-M2 machine gun is located in front of the bridge. The location does mean that it has a blind spot to the rear of the boat. Ammunition is only available in the default load.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="8" | [[AN-M2 (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm AN-M2]] (x1)
|-
! Vertical Guidance || Horizontal Guidance || Vertical Targeting Speed || Horizontal Targeting Speed || Ammo Capacity (Belt Capacity) || Rate of Fire (Rounds/Min)
|-
| -5°/+40° || ±155° || 70°/s || 60°/s || 4000 (500) || 576
|-
|}

=== Secondary armament ===

{{main|Bofors L/60 Mark 3 (40 mm)}}

The 40 mm cannon is located mid-ship facing aft. This provides it with an excellent field of fire to the rear but means a blind spot to the front of the boat. Ammunition is available in Universal, HE, and AP.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="8" | [[Bofors L/60 Mark 3 (40 mm)|40 mm Bofors L/60 Mark 3]] (x1)
|-
! Vertical Guidance || Horizontal Guidance || Vertical Targeting Speed || Horizontal Targeting Speed || Ammo Capacity (Belt Capacity) || Rate of Fire (Rounds/Min)
|-
| -6°/+87° || ±180° || 30°/s || 24°/s || 2000 (500) || 160
|-
|}

=== Special armament ===

{{main|Mk 2 (81 mm)}}

The 81 mm mortar is available once researched and fires HE ammunition. Once installed, the mortar will take the place of the 12.7 mm machine gun on the front gun emplacement.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="8" | [[Mk 2 (81 mm)|81 mm Mk 2 Mortar]] (x1)
|-
! Vertical Guidance || Horizontal Guidance || Vertical Targeting Speed || Horizontal Targeting Speed || Ammo Capacity (Belt Capacity) || Rate of Fire (Rounds/Min)
|-
| -5°/+40° || ±155° || 45°/s || 20°/s || 100 (N/A) || 18
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The 80 ft Nasty gives the captain a versatile ship that can pack a punch for it's Battle Rating, and proves to be highly capable in the hands of a skilled captain even against higher-ranked vessels. Exploiting the strengths of the Nasty and mitigating the weaknesses can make it an impressive ally as well as a fearsome opponent.

==== Exploiting Strengths ====

The 80 ft Nasty has a rather high speed, topping out at 112 km/h (~60 knots) in Arcade Battles and 83 km/h (~45 knots) in Realistic when fully upgraded. Only a small handful of other ships can match or exceed this, and they typically cannot match the armament that the 80 ft Nasty has (such as the {{Specs-Link|ussr_pr_123bis}}). This allows the 80 ft Nasty to easily get around the battlefield to carry out an abundance of tasks, anywhere from capturing points, rushing down weaker vessels, harassing larger or more powerful ships, as well as supporting teammates. While staying stationary and hiding in wait for a strike can be a viable tactic, using the speed of the 80 ft Nasty can give excellent results and support the team by being more dynamic.

Another major strength of the 80 ft Nasty is the powerful armament carried on board. Frontally, it is capable of bringing two 20 mm Oerlikon cannons on target which can easily rip through smaller boats in a quick manner. The cannon shells can penetrate through the basic armour profiles of ships at similar Battle Ratings and the high explosive component can devastate the interiors and crew of hostile vehicles. However, the true strength of the 80 ft Nasty is the 40 mm Bofors cannon mounted behind the bridge. Turning to use this weapon can massively boost the offensive firepower and allows the 80 ft Nasty to defeat weaker opponents with relative ease as well as stronger opponents with some skill and tactics. The high explosive shells obliterate ships with little or no armour, and the armour-piercing shells provide the 80 ft Nasty with the ability to tear through even the Soviet armoured gunboats, such as the {{Specs-Link|ussr_bmo}} and {{Specs-Link|ussr_1124_ack}}. Enemy aircraft can also be dealt with using both the Oerlikons and the Bofors cannons, so make sure to assist in clearing the skies when necessary.

==== Mitigating Weaknesses ====

A significant weakness of the 80 ft Nasty is the lack of torpedo armament. When caught in the middle of multiple opponents or attempting to scare off potential threats, there is little that can be done. Torpedoes give a distraction to enemies and can potentially erase them from the map, but without them, it is crucial to maintain awareness and not dive too deep into enemy territory. The 40 mm Bofors do provide capabilities against heavily armoured ships, but time is needed to take them down and too many at once is quickly overwhelming. When using the 20 mm Oerlikons it is important to note that it takes several seconds to reload, which can be a way to quickly sink in combat if not timed properly. Combined with the fact that the 80 ft Nasty is relatively large compared to other ships in the range of its Battle Rating and pushes out into open waters can quickly become a death sentence. Using the terrain and cover wisely is a helpful skill to learn in order to survive.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High speed, giving the ability to re-position and engage targets at will
* Effective 20 mm Oerlikon cannons against other small craft
* Highly destructive 40 mm Bofors against small craft, and serve against larger vessels
* Combined Bofors and Oerlikon cannons provide an effective anti-aircraft armament

'''Cons:'''

* Lack of torpedo armament makes attacks against larger vessels exceedingly dangerous
* Large size makes it an easy target, and lack of any hull armour means low survivability
* Inability to use all armaments at once, due to 40 mm Bofors being located on the aft end of the ship
* Lengthy reload time for the 20 mm Oerlikons can be detrimental in the middle of a fight

== History ==


The '''Nasty-class''' of patrol boats was originally the work of a private venture in Norway as an attempt to build the best possible patrol craft featuring all of the best attributes of those from World War II. The first prototype was built in 1957 for the Royal Norwegian Navy and tests were shown to be successful.<ref name="PTFNasty1" /> The Nasty used a sleek wooden hull combined with two Napier Deltic engines, each providing 3,100 HP, for a speed of over 74 km/h (40 knots). It was designed to accommodate a range of weaponry for any role.

With the escalation of the war in Vietnam, the United States saw a need for new patrol boats as nearly all of the ones from World War II had been scrapped or were unusable. Several countries made contracts with the Westermoen shipyard in Norway to construct Nasty-class patrol boats and the United States purchased 14 of them which were delivered in 1964. An agreement was also made for six to be built under license at a shipyard in Annapolis, with those being delivered in 1967.<ref name="PTFNasty2" /> These were all put into service as they were acquired, being employed in South Vietnam and designated Fast Patrol Craft (PTF). A few of the Nasty-class boats (PTF-7 included) were used to train South Vietnamese Navy crews and given to them for a period of four years but were all returned to American service in 1970. During the war, the Nasty PTFs were used for shore bombardment and secret mission by special forces units along the coast. Out of the 20 total built, 6 were lost in action. After the end of the war, the Nasty boats were used sparingly, as the maintenance costs were high and they were all eventually decommissioned by the end of the 1970s with many were scrapped. A small few likely remain in existence, although many are merely hulks which have been stripped of all equipment and are in poor condition.

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article will be video guides, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[Wikipedia:United_States_Nasty-class_patrol_boat|[Wikipedia] United States Nasty-class patrol boat]]
* [http://www.ptfnasty.com/index.htm [PTFNasty.com<nowiki>]</nowiki> The "Nasty Class" Fighting Boats]
* [http://www.ptfnasty.com/gallery/galPtf7.htm [PTFNasty.com<nowiki>]</nowiki> Gallery of PTF-7]

== References ==
<references>
<ref name="PTFNasty1">Dan Withers, "History," The "Nasty Class" Fighting Boats, Last Modified June 1, 2013, http://www.ptfnasty.com/ptfHistory.html.</ref>
<ref name="PTFNasty2">''Ibid.''</ref>
</references>

{{USA boats}}

PTF-7

2019-11-25T19:15:57Z

U3032832: added usage in battle

{{Specs-Card|code=us_nasty_ptf}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American motor gunboat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] as part of the fleet closed beta test.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

This boat's only armour is located at the 2 x 20 mm turrets. It consists of two 12.7 mm plates sloped at 8 degrees. Ammunition for these guns are located below the waterline and forward of the bridge. The rear of the contains the boat's two engines.

=== Mobility ===

Fully upgraded the boat has decent turning capabilities. Its speed when fully upgraded matches that of similar class torpedo boats.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!colspan="3" | Mobility characteristic
|-
! colspan="3" | Weight (tons)
|-
| colspan="3" | 68
|-
!colspan="3" | Max Speed (km/h)
|-
!colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
| 82
| 112
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
| 71
| 83
|-
|}

== Armament ==
=== Primary armament ===

{{main|Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)|AN-M2 (12.7 mm)}}

The 2 x 20 mm Oerlikon Mk.II cannons are located on either side of the bridge. They provide a cone of overlapping fire of approx 45 degrees to the front and rear of the boat. Ammunition is available in Universal, HE, and AP.

The single 12.7 mm AN-M2 machine gun is located in front of the bridge. The location does mean that it has a blind spot to the rear of the boat. Ammunition is only available in the default load.

=== Secondary armament ===

{{main|Bofors L/60 Mark 3 (40 mm)}}

The 40 mm cannon is located mid-ship facing aft. This provides it with an excellent field of fire to the rear but means a blind spot to the front of the boat. Ammunition is available in Universal, HE, and AP.

=== Special armament ===

{{main|Mk 2 (81 mm)}}

The 81 mm mortar is available once researched and fires HE ammunition. Once installed, the mortar will take the place of the 12.7 mm machine gun on the front gun emplacement.

== Usage in battles ==


The 80 ft Nasty gives the captain a versatile ship that can pack a punch for it's Battle Rating, and proves to be highly capable in the hands of a skilled captain even against higher ranked vessels. Exploiting the strengths of the Nasty and mitigating the weaknesses can make it an impressive ally as well as a fearsome opponent.

==== Exploiting Strengths ====

The 80 ft Nasty has a rather high speed, topping out at 112 km/h (~60 knots) in Arcade Battles and 83 km/h (~45 knots) in Realistic when fully upgraded. Only a small handful of other ships can match or exceed this, and they typically cannot match the armament that the 80 ft Nasty has (such as the {{Specs-Link|ussr_pr_123bis}}). This allows the 80 ft Nasty to easily get around the battlefield to carry out an abundance of tasks, anywhere from capturing points, rushing down weaker vessels, harassing larger or more powerful ships, as well as supporting teammates. While staying stationary and hiding in wait for a strike can be a viable tactic, using the speed of the 80 ft Nasty can give excellent results and support the team by being more dynamic.

Another major strength of the 80 ft Nasty is the powerful armament carried on board. Frontally, it is capable of bringing two 20 mm Oerlikon cannons on target which can easily rip through smaller boats in a quick manner. The cannon shells can penetrate through the basic armour profiles of ships at similar Battle Ratings and the high explosive component can devastate the interiors and crew of hostile vehicles. However, the true strength of the 80 ft Nasty is the 40 mm Bofors cannon mounted behind the bridge. Turning to use this weapon can massively boost the offensive firepower and allows the 80 ft Nasty to defeat weaker opponents with relative ease as well as stronger opponents with some skill and tactics. The high explosive shells obliterate ships with little or no armour, and the armour piercing shells provide the 80 ft Nasty with the ability to tear through even the Soviet armoured gun boats, such as the {{Specs-Link|ussr_bmo}} and {{Specs-Link|ussr_1124_ack}}. Enemy aircraft can also be dealt with using both the Oerlikons and the Bofors cannons, so make sure to assist in clearing the skies when necessary.

==== Mitigating Weaknesses ====

A significant weakness of the 80 ft Nasty is the lack of torpedo armament. When caught in the middle of multiple opponents or attempting to scare off potential threats, there is little that can be done. Torpedoes give a distraction to enemies and can potentially erase them from the map, but without them it is crucial to maintain awareness and not dive too deep into enemy territory. The 40 mm Bofors do provide capabilities against heavily armoured ships, but time is needed to take them down and too many at once is quickly overwhelming. When using the 20 mm Oerlikons it is important to note that it takes several seconds to reload, which can be a way to quickly sink in combat if not timed properly. Combined with the fact that the 80 ft Nasty is relatively large compared to other ships in the range of its Battle Rating and pushes out into open waters can quickly become a death sentence. Using terrain and cover wisely is a helpful skill to learn in order to survive.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High speed, giving the ability to re-position and engage targets at will
* Effective 20 mm Oerlikon cannons against other small craft
* Highly destructive 40 mm Bofors against small craft, and serve against larger vessels
* Combined Bofors and Oerlikon cannons provide an effective anti-aircraft armament

'''Cons:'''

* Lack of torpedo armament makes attacks against larger vessels exceedingly dangerous
* Large size makes it an easy target, and lack of any hull armour means low survivability
* Inability to use all armaments at once, due to 40 mm Bofors being located on the aft end of the ship
* Lengthy reload time for the 20 mm Oerlikons can be detrimental in the middle of a fight

== History ==


The '''Nasty-class''' of patrol boats was originally the work of a private venture in Norway as an attempt to build the best possible patrol craft featuring all of the best attributes of those from World War II. The first prototype was built in 1957 for the Royal Norwegian Navy and tests were shown to be successful.<ref name="PTFNasty1" /> The Nasty used a sleek wooden hull combined with two Napier Deltic engines, each providing 3,100 HP, for a speed of over 74 km/h (40 knots). It was designed to accommodate a range of weaponry for any role.

With the escalation of the war in Vietnam, the United States saw a need for new patrol boats as nearly all of the ones from World War II had been scrapped or were unusable. Several countries made contracts with the Westermoen shipyard in Norway to construct Nasty-class patrol boats and the United States purchased 14 of them which were delivered in 1964. An agreement was also made for six to be built under license at a shipyard in Annapolis, with those being delivered in 1967.<ref name="PTFNasty2" /> These were all put into service as they were acquired, being employed in South Vietnam and designated Fast Patrol Craft (PTF). A few of the Nasty-class boats (PTF-7 included) were used to train South Vietnamese Navy crews and given to them for a period of four years but were all returned to American service in 1970. During the war, the Nasty PTFs were used for shore bombardment and secret mission by special forces units along the coast. Out of the 20 total built, 6 were lost in action. After the end of the war, the Nasty boats were used sparingly, as the maintenance costs were high and they were all eventually decommissioned by the end of the 1970s with many were scrapped. A small few likely remain in existence, although many are merely hulks which have been stripped of all equipment and are in poor condition.

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article will be video guides, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[Wikipedia:United_States_Nasty-class_patrol_boat|[Wikipedia] United States Nasty-class patrol boat]]
* [http://www.ptfnasty.com/index.htm [PTFNasty.com<nowiki>]</nowiki> The "Nasty Class" Fighting Boats]
* [http://www.ptfnasty.com/gallery/galPtf7.htm [PTFNasty.com<nowiki>]</nowiki> Gallery of PTF-7]

== References ==
<references>
<ref name="PTFNasty1">Dan Withers, "History," The "Nasty Class" Fighting Boats, Last Modified June 1, 2013, http://www.ptfnasty.com/ptfHistory.html.</ref>
<ref name="PTFNasty2">''Ibid.''</ref>
</references>

{{USA boats}}

T114

2019-11-23T19:27:26Z

U3032832: added history from devblog

{{Specs-Card|code=us_t114}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_T114.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} American tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.71 "New E.R.A"]]. The T114 is the first premium rank V vehicle to be implemented into the game.

The T114 looks like it is straight from a science fiction movie, or from a crazy professor's basement. With a circular turret, auto-loader system, and a cannon attached, it has a very unique look. It is very fragile, but is a very dangerous tank with a skilled player in the commander seat.

The gun packs a great punch with up to twenty four rounds with 381 mm of penetration from its '''H'''igh '''E'''xplosive, '''A'''nti-'''T'''ank, grenades ('''"HEAT"''') round, allowing the T114 to take on a wide variety of formidable foes. Considering that the velocity of the projectile is not very fast, it will have to use it almost like a mortar at ranges over 800 metres (2,624 feet). Use the terrain and vegetation on the map to get close then engage the enemy in an ambush. The T114 will be able to one-shot most tanks if clever with shot placement since it is only equipped with "HEAT". The T114 has a three round magazine for the 106 mm gun, so if the first shot fail to hit, another two can be shot off within few seconds. However, the reload of the magazine will depend heavily on the [[Crew_skills#Ground_vehicles_crew_skills|crew skills]] .

The mobility of this vehicle is average to good with very responsive handling at speed. It has a good cross country speed on terrain of around 32-50 km/h (20-25 mph). On tarmac roads, the T114 can get up to 56 km/h (35 mph)! Use this to get into a great hiding spot and await the victim. Once the victims are spotted, the attack strategy is nearly the same for all types. Tigers, hit the front plate. Panthers, front plate. IS-6, front plate.

However, the armour is very thin and can be penetrated by heavy machine gun fire from opponents. The crew are cramped together towards the front with only the gunner in the turret. The ammo is exposed by the thin layers of armour which forms its protection - which can be pieced with ease. So it is with the utmost importance that the gun is aimed for the most critical parts on the enemy tank. Ideally, aim for the gunner, ammunition racks, or engine. The "HEAT" will be able to destroy any tank with a well placed shot. However, if it is the last shot and it fails to penetrate, run, and find cover before the auto-loading starts.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

'''Armour type:'''
* Aluminium alloy 7039
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 32 mm (76°) ''Front glacis'' <br> 44 mm (25°) ''Lower glacis'' <br> 38 mm (1-41°) ''Front plate'' || 32 mm ''Top'' <br> 19 mm ''Bottom'' || 32 mm (1°) ''Top'' <br> 19 mm (1-50°) ''Bottom'' || 38 mm
|-
| Turret || 38 mm (27-38°) <br> 12.7 mm (1°) ''Gun shroud'' || 38 mm (1-24°) ''left'' <br> 25.4 mm ''Right'' <br> 12.7 mm (46-48°) ''Gun shroud'' || 25.4 mm (0-7°) || 12.7-38.1 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''
* Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick while tracks are 15 mm thick.
* A 5 mm structural steel plate separates the engine from the crew compartment.
* Belly armour is 25 mm thick.

The T114's thin armour means that all enemy vehicles have very little difficulty in destroying the T114 if it manages to hit it. It is also vulnerable to heavy machine guns as despite its armour thickness, it is built of aluminium that only provides a x0.47 effectiveness of its rated thickness. Air strikes are also a concern as aircraft machine gun and autocannon armaments with armour-piercing capabilities are more than able to get through the T114 and hit the delicate internals.

=== Mobility ===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!colspan="3" | Mobility characteristic
|-
! Weight (tons)
!colspan="1" | Add-on Armor<br>weight (tons)
!colspan="1" | Max speed (km/h)
|-
|rowspan="2" | 9.0 || colspan="1" rowspan="2" | N/A || colspan="1" | 62 (AB)
|-
|57 (RB/SB)
|-
!colspan="3" | Engine power (horsepower)
|-
!colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|227
|280
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|142
|160
|-
!colspan="3" | Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
|-
!colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|25.22
|31.11
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|15.78
|17.78
|-
|}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|M40A1C (106 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[M40A1C (106 mm)|106 mm M40A1C]]
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical <br> guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal <br> guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 24 (3) || ±8° || ±180°
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! style="width:4em" |Mode
! style="width:4em" |Stock
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || 11.90 || 16.50 || 20.00 || 22.10 || 23.50
|-
| ''Realistic'' || 11.90 || 14.00 || 17.00 || 18.80 || 20.00
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| 13.0 || 11.6 || 10.6 || 10.0
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of <br /> warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 90°'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| M344A1 || HEAT || 381 || 381 || 381 || 381 || 381 || 381
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" |Velocity <br /> in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile<br />Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g<br /> (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° <br> from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| M344A1 || 502 || 10 || 0.0 || 0.1 || 1,650 || +0° || 25° || 18° || 15°
|-
|}

===== [[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] =====
[[File:Ammoracks_T114.png|right|thumbnail|x250px|[[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] of the T114.]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Full<br /> ammo
! class="wikitable unsortable" |1st<br /> rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |2nd<br /> rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |3rd<br /> rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |4th<br /> rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |5th<br /> rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Visual<br /> discrepancy
|-
|| '''24''' || 18 ''(+6)'' || 12 ''(+12)'' || 9 ''(+15)'' || 3 ''(+21)'' || 0 ''(+24)'' || style="text-align:left" | No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|M8C (12.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | [[M8C (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M8C]]
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Coaxial mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate <br> (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical <br> guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal <br> guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 150 (5) || 300 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

This tanks play-style is similar to a role of a [[:Category:Light_tanks|light tank]], with only two crew, very light armour, only equipped with a 106 mm (10.6 cm) '''R'''ecoiless '''R'''ifle armed with '''H'''igh '''E'''xpolsive '''A'''nti-'''T'''ank grenade (similar to a RPG). However, it is just as deadly as any other tank on the battlefield!

Use the speed it offers to get the advantage of the terrain. Use the vegetation of the map to an advantage. Be patient. Be cautious about walls, fences, and objects on the terrain - These will slow the tank down if they are run over and/or hit. It is important not to let the enemy team spot the T114. Stealth is the key. Wait for the enemy tank to appear and for it to expose its side. Calculate the distance and drop of the HEAT round before firing. If calculated successfully, either the enemy tank will be knocked-out or it have sustained major critical damage such as a loss of a crew or gun breech. If it has sustained critical damage, fire another shot into the opposite area of the tank to knock it out. It is very important to aim and knock out the gunner and/or turret crew. Even if the tank was hit and sustained critical damage, if the turret crew was not knocked out and main cannon was inoperable, the machine gun will still be able to penetrate the T114's armour since it has only 32 mm of thickness on the sides and rear with the turret at 38 mm while the front has 44 mm.

The last round in the breech before the auto-loading starts is very important.. Make sure to use it wisely and with caution. If all three rounds are fired, the auto-loading will happen. If the enemy tank is still alive, withdraw as fast as possible and hide until the gun has been loaded.

===Game modes===
====Arcade====
'''In arcade battles''', the T114 can be played akin to that of the [[M18 GMC|M18 Hellcat]] with excellent firepower and mobility, but lacking in armour...very lacking in armour. Since the advantage of surprise and concealment is nullified in Arcade due to the nicknames appearing in that game mode, a more cunning usage is needed in ambushes and brief exposures with maximum damages.

The best ways to use the T114 in arcade is to maximize the gun depression and in "pop-up" manners. Try to find engagements where the enemy is pre-occupied with allies rather than on the T114 to alleviate some risk of being fired upon when spotted. When approaching, find a hill to creep up to until finding the right point where the gun depression allows the recoilless gun to be aimed at the target.

If there are no hills, approach from behind hard cover like a wall and then peek out with the gun pointing at the enemy. It is recommended to approach the wall angled with the front left section towards the wall at an angle, since the gun is mounted offset in the turret to the right, to minimize the exposure of the vehicle when peeking out for a fire. Another way is to reverse out of cover as it would also minimize vehicle exposure of the front. Do not rely on crew damages to save the vehicle and be able to retreat as since there is only two crew members in the vehicle, a single hit that incapacitates a crew will send the vehicle to crew replenishment, immobilizing it for an easy target.

In either case, once exposed and on target, fire the first round and then withdraw back to cover while the autoloader loads the next round. If feeling confident, and fighting a lone tank that has an incapacitated gunner, then it is possible to simply stay in place while the cannon reloads the next round. If aimed correctly, the second should be able to destroy the enemy vehicle, if not then fire the last round in for a final touch, then withdraw while the autoloader is reloaded with three more rounds for another go at another target, or the same one if it is still not destroyed. If an engagement ends with one more round in the autoloader, it is better off firing the last round and let the autoloader stock up with a fresh supply of three more rounds.

Continue until destroyed or achieved victory in the T114.

====Realistic/Simulator====
'''In realistic/simulator battles''', the T114 have the ability to cause mayhem behind the enemy lines without to much hindrance. Go to a capture point on the left or the right flank, wait for targets to appear, and while they are not looking (this is very important) open fire. Try to knock them out or into a state where the tank can get assists. If juggling more than one target, be sure not to be spotted. Once the auto-loading has started, head to cover and wait out the reload. Then, plan another attack. Stay out of sight, even back track and flank harder and deeper.

The best way of getting to the enemy's rear is to use the terrain. Do not drive up the middle of the road or the middle of the map. It will be very easy for the enemy team to knock out the T114. Use the vegetation on the map combined with the terrain and sounds coming of the enemy to avoid any contact with the enemy forces.

Find and locate an area with high vegetation or some urban area which hides the silhouette of this small tank. Lay silent, like a wolf, until the enemy is close. Stay alert. The enemy may be trying the same tactics with other vehicles. Once the enemy is close, wait for them to expose their side armour where the "HEAT" will be able to penetrate them and cause major critical damage, if not blow their turrets clean off their fine vehicles of war. Within urban areas, do not make the T114 known until it is too late. Only pick one tank off at the time. Do not hunt multiple enemy tanks. That will not end well. Make sure the silhouette is not exposed. Simple machine gun fire can terminate this fine tank.

Once the eight clips have been used, pivot turn and run as fast as this tank can go and head to the cap zone to reload. However, use cover in the cap zone. The armour is only up to 44 mm thick in the thicket place (front). Make sure the tank is not exposed to any unnecessary risks or confrontations with the enemy forces. Watch out for enemy units which may be trying to flank from the rear and/or sides to take cap zone.}}

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''
*Fast and agile
**Up to 56 km/h (35 mph)
**Great control input at high speed
**Good offroad speed up to 40 km/h (25 mph)
*Good armament
**Three rounds before auto-loading
**Issued with HEAT
**Can penetrate any tank at its rank with a well placed shot
**Coaxial .50 cal serves as a ranging machine gun
*Small size
**can be hidden in between the map vegetation
**Great ambush tank
*Research
**Sliver lions - with its premium vehicle status
**Research Points booster, premium vehicle status
'''Cons:'''
*Armament
**Only HEAT, no other rounds available
**Limited ammo, only three shots per clip
**Only carries eight clips, giving it 24 rounds
**No external .50 machine gun, which can be used to fight back against planes
** Low velocity cannon compared to other [[:Category:Fifth_rank_ground_vehicles|Rank V vehicles]]
** Can only elevate the gun up to a pitiful 8 degrees
*Auto-loader
**Long reloading time for the auto-loader, up to 11.65 Seconds with a full trained crew
**Long reload speed, while the loader adds new three-round clips into the magazine
*Size
**Small size
**Loses majority of its speed when it runs into foreign objects i.e. fences, wall, rocks etc
**Low profile, makes seeing over tall bushes, long grass, rocks, and other tall objects very hard
**Low profile would require exposing the tank weak armour when firing if the gun view is blocked by a tall object
*Crew
**Crew is cramped together, a short burst from a machine gun can knock them both out
**Crew is sitting around ammunition which can be penetrated and detonated by machine gun fire
**No artillery support

== History ==

In the early 1950s, the US Army started work on developing a new generation of lightly armoured vehicles, such as APCs. General Motor’s Cadillac division proposed two versions of their T114 armoured vehicle to support infantry and anti-tank battalions, respectively. One version would to be armed with a single high caliber machine gun in a full rotatable turret, which would support the infantry battalions, whilst the other would be equipped with a 106mm recoilless gun, serving among the ranks of anti-tank battalions. In 1960, six prototypes of the T114 were built; four armed with machine guns and two armed with the recoilless gun, the latter being named BAT (Battalion Anti-tank) for a short period of time.

The first out of the two T114 BAT prototypes was being tested at Aberdeen proving ground between December 1960 - January 1961, whilst the other prototype remained with the manufacturer for factory tests. Due to unsatisfactory results during testing, all work on the T114 BAT stopped by 1961, with the 2 single prototypes being later converted into the machine gun-armed versions, of which a simplified version would later enter service with the US Army as the M114.

- From ''[[wt:en/news/4916-development-t114-bat-giant-slayer-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

[[wt:en/news/4916-development-t114-bat-giant-slayer-en|[Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> T114 BAT: Giant Slayer]]

{{USA tank destroyers}}
{{USA premium ground vehicles}}

Template:Rockets

2019-11-21T22:01:51Z

U3032832: corrected caliber of TT-250

{{Navigation-Start|Rockets}}

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''USA'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|70 mm}} [[FFAR Mighty Mouse]]
{{Navigation-Line|110 mm}} [[M8]]
{{Navigation-Line|127 mm}} [[HVAR]]
{{Navigation-Line|298 mm}} [[Tiny Tim]]

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Germany'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|55 mm}} [[R4M]]
{{Navigation-Line|73 mm}} [[RZ.65]]
{{Navigation-Line|88 mm}} [[Pb2]]
{{Navigation-Line|150 mm}} [[Wgr.41 Spr]]
{{Navigation-Line|210 mm}} [[Wfr.Gr.21]]

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''USSR'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|55 mm}} [[S-5K]]{{-}}[[S-5M]]{{-}}[[S-21]]
{{Navigation-Line|82 mm}} [[M-8_(82_mm)|M-8]]{{-}}[[RS-82]]{{-}}[[RBS-82]]
{{Navigation-Line|88 mm}} [[S-8KO]]
{{Navigation-Line|132 mm}} [[M13]]{{-}}[[RS-132]]{{-}}[[RBS-132]]
{{Navigation-Line|212 mm}} [[S-1of]]
{{Navigation-Line|240 mm}} [[S-24]]
{{Navigation-Line|425 mm}} [[TT-250]]

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Britain'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|76 mm}} [[RP-3]]{{-}}[[AP Mk.I]]{{-}}[[AP Mk.II]]

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Japan'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|Type 3}} [[Type 3 No.1 Mod.28 Mk.1|Type 3 No.1]]{{-}}[[Type 3 No.6 Mod.27 Mk.1|Type 3 No.6]]
{{Navigation-Line|Type 5}} [[Type 5 No.1 Mod.9|Type 5 No.1]]{{-}}[[Type 5 No.6 Mod.9|Type 5 No.6]]

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''France'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|37 mm}} [[SNEB 37]]
{{Navigation-Line|68 mm}} [[SNEB Type 23]]{{-}}[[TDA 68 mm]]
{{Navigation-Line|127 mm}} [[T10 121]]
{{Navigation-Line|HE-FRAG}} [[T10 140]]
{{Navigation-Line|HE}} [[T10 151]]

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Sweden'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|75 mm}} [[M/55]]
{{Navigation-Line|145 mm}} [[M/49A]]{{-}}[[M/51]]
{{Navigation-Line|180 mm}} [[M/49]]

{{Navigation-End}}<noinclude>
[[Category:Navigation on armaments]]
</noinclude>

TT-250

2019-11-21T19:50:12Z

U3032832: corrected point on diameter of S-24 for comparison

TT-250

2019-11-21T19:38:28Z

U3032832: added effective damage, comparison with analogues, and pro/con list

USS Cowell

2019-11-18T18:37:59Z

U3032832: corrected link to 40 mm L/60 Mark 1

{{Specs-Card
|code = us_destroyer_fletcher_cowell
|store = 6279
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{specs|name}}''' is a gift Rank {{specs|rank}} American destroyer {{Battle-rating|1}}. It was first announced in [[Update 1.77 "Advancing Storm"]] as a bundle to access the Naval Closed Beta Test.

A Fletcher-class destroyer in the United States line, the Cowell is in the same class-line as the family ship [[Fletcher_(DD-445)|Fletcher (DD-445)]]. The first statistical difference between the Fletcher and the Cowell is the armament, with the Cowell having four more turrets of 40 mm Bofors autocannons, and having one more additional turret of 20 mm autocannons.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

The Cowell is very strong and powerful against smaller vessels, however, should you be able to live long enough, a torpedo hitting the ship basically anywhere will guarantee a kill. Try using islands and cover to your advantage when attacking a Cowell using a plane or PT boat to hide from the arcs of the Bofors.

For destroyers, aim underneath the front turret with an AP shell. You will have a chance of detonating the ammunition stowage for the front guns which will normally kill the whole ship.

'''Armour type:'''
* Antifragmentation armour
* Cast homogeneous armour
* Hardened armour
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Bow (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Stern !! Deck
|-
| Hull || N/A || 13 mm (0-24°) || N/A || 13 mm (88-89°)
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Turrets || 3.2 mm ''Front'' <br> 15 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 3.2 mm || 3.2 mm || 3.2 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''
* The radar atop the bridge is covered with an antifragmentation armour with 19 mm thickness.
* Gun shields around the 20 mm Oerlikon autocannons are 12.7 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!colspan="3" | Mobility characteristic
|-
! colspan="3" |Weight (tons)
|-
| colspan="3" |2,924
|-
!colspan="3" | Max Speed (km/h)
|-
!colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|56
|76
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|56
|65
|-
|}

== Armament ==
=== Primary armament ===

{{main|5/38 Mark 12 Dual Purpose (127 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[5/38 Mark 12 Dual Purpose (127 mm)|127 mm 5/38 Mark 12 Dual Purpose gun]] (x5)
|-
! colspan = "6" | Turrets (Bow to stern)
|-
! || Turret 1 || Turret 2 || Turret 3 || Turret 4 || Turret 5
|-
! scope="row" | Vertical guidance
| -10°/+85° || -10°/+85° || -10°/+85° || -10°/+85° || -10°/+85°
|-
! scope="row" | Horizontal guidance
| ±150° || ±150° || ±143° || ±150° || ±150°
|-
! scope="row" | Ammo capacity
| colspan = "6" | 1,800
|-
! scope="row" | Rounds per turret
| colspan = "6" | 360
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of <br /> warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 90°'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| 127mm AAC || HE || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35
|-
| 127mm Common || APHE || 146 || 145 || 140 || 133 || 126 || 119
|-
| 127mm AAVT || HE-VT || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35 || 35
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of <br /> warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity <br /> in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile<br />Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g<br /> (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° <br> from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| 127mm AAC || HE || 792 || 25 || 0.0 || 0.1 || 3,220 || +0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 127mm Common || APHE || 792 || 25 || 2.0 || 10 || 1,150 || ° || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| 127mm AAVT || HE-VT || 792 || 25 || 0.0 || 0.1 || 3,220 || +0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

=== Secondary armament ===

{{main|Bofors L/60 Mark 1 (40 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Bofors L/60 Mark 1 (40 mm)|40 mm Bofors L/60 Mark 1]] (x10)
|-
! colspan = "6" | Turrets (Bow to stern)
|-
! || Front port turret (x2) || Front starboard turret (x2) || Middle port turret (x2) || Middle starboard turret (x2) || Rear turret (x2)
|-
! scope="row" | Vertical guidance
| -15°/+88° || -15°/+88° || -10°/+88° || -10°/+88° || -15°/+88°
|-
! scope="row" | Horizontal guidance
| -150°/+90° || -90°/+150° || -180°/+20° || -20°/+180° || ±180°
|-
! scope="row" | Ammo capacity
| colspan = "6" | 20,000
|-
! scope="row" | Rounds per turret
| colspan = "6" | 4,000
|-
|}

===== Belts =====
{|class="wikitable"
| '''Belts''' || '''Shell composition''' || '''Combat usage'''
|-
|align="left"|''Universal'' ||align="left"| AP-T – HEF-T ||align="left"|
|-
|align="left"|''40 mm HE clips'' ||align="left"| HEF-T – HEF-T – HEF-T – AP-T||align="left"|
|-
|align="left"|''40 mm AP clips'' ||align="left"| AP-T – AP-T – AP-T – HEF-T ||align="left"|
|-
|}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===

{{main|Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="8" | [[Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)|20 mm Oerlikon Mk.II]] (x7)
|-
! colspan = "8" | Turrets (Bow to stern)
|-
! || Front port turret || Middle port turret || Front starboard turret || Middle starboard turret || Rear port turret || Rear starboard turret || Rear stern turret
|-
! scope="row" | Vertical guidance
| -80°/+65° || ±100° || -65°/+80° || ±100° || colspan = "3" | ±180°
|-
! scope="row" | Horizontal guidance
| colspan = "7" | -4°/+50°
|-
! scope="row" | Ammo capacity
| colspan = "7" | 16,800
|-
! scope="row" | Rounds per turret
| colspan = "7" | 2,400
|-
|}

=== Torpedo armament ===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan = "9" | 533 mm steam turbined Mk.15 torpedo
|-
! # on ship !! Mass (kg) !! Maximum speed <br> in water (km/h) !! Travel distance (km) !! Depth stroke (m) !! Arming<br>distance (m) !! Explosive type !! Explosive mass (kg)
|-
| 10 || 1,288 || 49 || 13.7 || 0.5 || 15 || TNT || 374
|-
|}

=== Special armament ===

* Without load
* 6 x Mk.6 mortar depth charge

==Usage in battles==

As a destroyer, the Cowell stands above the PT boats in the previous ranks.

The Cowell is a powerful American destroyer that is very versatile. There can be 3 main jobs for the Cowell to do:
*'''1. Gunfighter'''
With its fast firing armament, it is definitely capable of fighting other destroyers. Load APHE for your main guns and you can start firing against enemy ships from mid to long range. Try disabling the enemies' engine room or gun turrets to prevent them from escaping or fighting back effectively. You also have ten torpedoes so you can use them in any tricky situation. Should you be outmatched, try turning away and using a smoke screen to conceal yourself.

*'''2. Anti Air Ship'''
The Cowell has lots of anti-air weaponry. The deadliest will be your ten Bofors and five 127mm cannons. Let your AI gunners shoot from long distance using radio fuse HE shells. Once enemy aircraft come close enough you should either take control of the Bofors or the main guns themselves to deal with enemies. As always, lead your target and take into account your ship's momentum if you need to. The ship can fire all of its anti-aircraft guns when the enemy is directly above the ship. Try turning to the side to allow more guns to fire if the enemy is coming from an angle. The radio-fuse shells will make quick work of any enemy aircraft or at least critically damage them to the point that they will not be able to make their attack run, while the Bofors will chew down many smaller planes.

*'''3. Light Craft Hunter'''
The Bofors also allow the Cowell to hunt PT boats and other small craft very well. From longer distances, use HE or Radio HE shells to try to hit enemy PT boats and deal splash damage to them. Once you move in closer, take command of your Bofors, load their Universal or HE belts, and slice the PT boats to ribbons. For larger gunboats, using your main guns are still an option. Since you are a destroyer, you are armoured enough to be immune to most of their small cannon and machine gun fire. Your main threat at this point is torpedo boats. Try targetting any PT boats that are heading in your direction. PT boats such as the [[LS 3]] and [[G-5]] are dangerous since they are small, fast and can carry 2 torpedoes. Be sure you make your course erratic and hard to hit, and always be ready to change course in the event that you detect an incoming torpedo. Keep in mind, if a torpedo hits: game over.

In terms of opposition:
* [[BTD-1|BTD-1]]: This plane can carry 2 torpedoes which can kill you very quickly, or can attack you from high altitude with a 2000 lb bomb. Try prioritizing these aircraft to shoot down first.
* [[Pr. 159]]: This patrol ship can shoot very rapidly and deal a lot of damage to your ship. Try engaging it from long range where your shells will have the advantage.
* Light Cruisers: Light cruisers will have better guns that are capable of beating you in a straight up gun duel. Try avoiding them or disabling their vital parts, or requesting help.
* PT boats: Certain PT boats who penetrate your line of defences might pose a danger by launching off torpedoes. Use your Bofors to try to mow down any PT boat that gets too close and always be manoeuvring to dodge

===Modules===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! Seakeeping
! colspan="2"|Unsinkability
! colspan="3"|Firepower
|-
| I
| Dry-Docking
| Tool Set||
| 127 mm Common|| 40 mm HE clips||Anti-Air Armament Targeting
|-
| II
| Rudder Replacement
| Fire Protection System||
| ||40 mm AP clips||Auxiliary Armament Targeting
|-
| III
| Propeller Replacement
| Ventilation||Shrapnel Protection
| 127 mm AAVT||Improved Rangefinder||Primary Armament Targeting
|-
| IV
| Engine Maintenance
| New Pumps||Ammo Wetting
| Smokescreen||Torpedo Mode||Bomb mortar
|-
|}

* As a gift ship, the {{PAGENAME}}'s modifications are automatically unlocked upon purchase of the ship.

===Pros and cons===

'''Pros:'''
*Equipped with 5 fast-firing turrets
*Lots of Bofors to allow you to deal with air and PT boat threats
*Very effective at anti-air due to radio fuse shells and Bofors
*Has ten torpedoes
*Premium economy gain

'''Cons:'''
*Very vulnerable ammunition rack beneath the front turrets.

== History ==

The USS Cowell was laid down on 7 September 1942, completed on 18 March and commissioned into service on 23 August 1943. She was the second ship, specifically, the second destroyer in the U.S. Navy to be named after her namesake, John G. Cowell. The individual after she was named after was an officer on board the U.S. sailing frigate USS Essex, that was severely wounded during a battle against a pair of British ships in the South Atlantic during The War of 1812. Despite losing a leg, Cowell refused to be carried to the lower decks for medical treatment, instead choosing to remain on his station and continue to motivate his fellow crewmen throughout the battle. Several weeks after the battle, Cowell died to his wounds and received an honorary burial for his courage in the principal church of Valparaíso, a rare honour for a foreigner. As for the destroyer USS Cowell, she was mostly employed as a carrier screener and anti-aircraft destroyer early on in her service career and later on as a radar picket. She took part in several major operations in the Pacific theatre, most notably on Okinawa, where she distinguished herself by shooting down several japanese regular and kamikaze aircraft and aiding damaged ships by providing covering fire and assisting in damage control. USS Cowell arrived to her homeport of San Diego on 17 November 1945 and was decommissioned from active service on 22 July 1946. Throughout the postwar period until 1951, Cowell was part of the U.S. Navy reserve. She was recommissioned into active service in September 1951 and participated in the Korean War as well as various exercises in the Pacific, Atlantic and Mediterranean.

In August 1971, the ship was ultimately decommissioned from U.S. service and was sold to the Argentinian navy, where she received her new name - Almirante Storni. She served under the Argentinian banner until 1982, when she was finally decommissioned from service for good. Shortly after, she was taken apart for scrap.

''- From [https://warthunder.com/en/news/5547-fleet-development-uss-cowell-dd-547-vulture-hunter-en Devblog]''

== Media ==

[https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?q=#Cowell '''Skins''' and '''camouflages''' for the USS Cowell from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

* [https://warthunder.com/en/news/5547-fleet-development-uss-cowell-dd-547-vulture-hunter-en [Fleet<nowiki>]</nowiki> USS Cowell (DD-547): Vulture Hunter]

{{USA destroyers}}
{{USA premium ships}}

AIM-9L Sidewinder

2019-11-14T18:38:24Z

U3032832: added weapon information table

<div class="ttx">
<div class="ttx-title">AIM-9L Sidewinder</div>
<div class="ttx-table">
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Information</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Infrared Homing Missile</span><span class="ttx-name">Type</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">USA [[File:USA_flag.png]]</span><span class="ttx-name">Country of Origin</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">General Characteristics</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Yes</span><span class="ttx-name">All-aspect</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">800 m/s</span><span class="ttx-name">Maximum Speed</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">20 G</span><span class="ttx-name">Maximum Overload</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">40 Seconds</span><span class="ttx-name">{{Annotation|Max flight time|Maximum time the missile can be in flight before it self-destructs}}</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">18,000 m</span><span class="ttx-name">{{Annotation|Max flight distance|Maximum distance missile can travel before it self-destructs (Note: this is not equal to the distance between you and the your target)}}</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">< 4,000 m</span><span class="ttx-name">{{Annotation|Recommended max range|The maximum recommended range between you and your target when you fire the missile}}</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">IR Seeker</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">6,500 m</span><span class="ttx-name">Max lock range in rear-aspect</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">3,000 m</span><span class="ttx-name">Max lock range in all-aspect</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">5 seconds</span><span class="ttx-name">{{Annotation|Power up time|Time taken for seeker to power up after it is turned on}}</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">10 Seconds</span><span class="ttx-name">{{Annotation|Max acquisition time|Maximum time seeker can be powered on for before it shuts down}}</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">2.7°</span><span class="ttx-name">{{Annotation|Seeker FoV|Field of View of the seeker (how big the lock on circle is)}}</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Yes</span><span class="ttx-name">Uncaged seeker</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">40°</span><span class="ttx-name">{{Annotation|Uncaged Lock FoV|Field of View once seeker is uncaged (how big the outer circle is)}}</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Warhead</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">9.4 kg</span><span class="ttx-name">Explosive mass</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">TNT</span><span class="ttx-name">Explosive type</span></div>

<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">5 m</span><span class="ttx-name">Proximity fuse range</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Specifications</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">86 kg</span><span class="ttx-name">Missile mass</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">2,850 mm</span><span class="ttx-name">Length</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">127 mm</span><span class="ttx-name">Diameter</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Fins</span><span class="ttx-name">Steering system</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Production History</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Naval Weapons Center - China Lake</span><span class="ttx-name">Designer</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Full Production</span><span class="ttx-name">Production Status</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1978</span><span class="ttx-name">Produced</span></div>
</div>
</div>

== Description ==
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===

* {{Specs-Link|ah_1z}} (Modification)

== General info ==
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the missile.''

=== Effective damage ===
''Describe the type of damage produced by this type of missile (high explosive, splash damage, etc)''

=== Comparison with analogues ===
''Give a comparative description of missiles that have firepower equal to these type of weapons.''

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe situations when you would utilize this missile in game (vehicle, pillbox, base, etc)''

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarize and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''

'''Pros:'''
*

'''Cons:'''
*

== History ==
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of this weapon. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to an article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article.''

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''
* [[AIM-9B]]
* [[AIM-9E]]

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Missiles}}

[[Category:Suspended armaments]]

AIM-9E Sidewinder

2019-11-14T05:05:22Z

U3032832: changed "rollerons" to "fins"

<div class="ttx">
<div class="ttx-title">AIM-9E Sidewinder</div>
<div class="ttx-table">
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Information</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Infrared Homing Missile</span><span class="ttx-name">Type</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">USA [[File:USA_flag.png]]</span><span class="ttx-name">Country of Origin</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">General Characteristics</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">No</span><span class="ttx-name">All-aspect</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">800 m/s</span><span class="ttx-name">Maximum Speed</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">10 G</span><span class="ttx-name">Maximum Overload</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">20 Seconds</span><span class="ttx-name">{{Annotation|Max flight time|Maximum time the missile can be in flight before it self-destructs}}</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">18,000 m</span><span class="ttx-name">{{Annotation|Max flight distance|Maximum distance missile can travel before it self-destructs (Note: this is not equal to the distance between you and the your target)}}</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">< 4,000 m</span><span class="ttx-name">{{Annotation|Recommended max range|The maximum recommended range between you and your target when you fire the missile}}</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">IR Seeker</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">5,500 m</span><span class="ttx-name">Max lock range in rear-aspect</span></div>

<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">5 seconds</span><span class="ttx-name">{{Annotation|Power up time|Time taken for seeker to power up after it is turned on}}</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">10 Seconds</span><span class="ttx-name">{{Annotation|Max acquisition time|Maximum time seeker can be powered on for before it shuts down}}</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">2.7°</span><span class="ttx-name">{{Annotation|Seeker FoV|Field of View of the seeker (how big the lock on circle is)}}</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Yes</span><span class="ttx-name">Uncaged seeker</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">40°</span><span class="ttx-name">{{Annotation|Uncaged Lock FoV|Field of View once seeker is uncaged (how big the outer circle is)}}</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Warhead</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">4.5 kg</span><span class="ttx-name">Explosive mass</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">TNT</span><span class="ttx-name">Explosive type</span></div>

<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">5 m</span><span class="ttx-name">Proximity fuse range</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Specifications</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">76.5 kg</span><span class="ttx-name">Missile mass</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">3,000 mm</span><span class="ttx-name">Length</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">127 mm</span><span class="ttx-name">Diameter</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Fins</span><span class="ttx-name">Steering system</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Production History</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Naval Weapons Center - China Lake</span><span class="ttx-name">Designer</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Full Production</span><span class="ttx-name">Production Status</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1967</span><span class="ttx-name">Produced</span></div>
</div>
</div>

== Description ==
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===


* {{Specs-Link|f-100d}}
* {{Specs-Link|t2}}
* {{Specs-Link|f-4c}}

== General info ==
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the bomb.''

=== Effective damage ===
''Describe the type of damage produced by this type of bomb (high explosive, splash damage, etc)''

=== Comparison with analogues ===
''Give a comparative description of bombs that have firepower equal to these type of weapons.''

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe situations when you would utilize this bomb in-game (vehicle, pillbox, base, etc)''

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarize and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of this weapon. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to an article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article.''

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''
* [[AIM-9B]]
* [[AIM-9L]]

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Missiles}}

[[Category:Suspended armaments]]

AIM-9B Sidewinder

2019-11-14T05:04:56Z

U3032832: added weapon information table

<div class="ttx">
<div class="ttx-title">AIM-9B Sidewinder</div>
<div class="ttx-table">
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Information</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Infrared Homing Missile</span><span class="ttx-name">Type</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">USA [[File:USA_flag.png]]</span><span class="ttx-name">Country of Origin</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">General Characteristics</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">No</span><span class="ttx-name">All-aspect</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">800 m/s</span><span class="ttx-name">Maximum Speed</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">6 G</span><span class="ttx-name">Maximum Overload</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">20 Seconds</span><span class="ttx-name">{{Annotation|Max flight time|Maximum time the missile can be in flight before it self-destructs}}</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">12,000 m</span><span class="ttx-name">{{Annotation|Max flight distance|Maximum distance missile can travel before it self-destructs (Note: this is not equal to the distance between you and the your target)}}</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">< 3,000 m</span><span class="ttx-name">{{Annotation|Recommended max range|The maximum recommended range between you and your target when you fire the missile}}</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">IR Seeker</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">4,000 m</span><span class="ttx-name">Max lock range in rear-aspect</span></div>

<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">4 seconds</span><span class="ttx-name">{{Annotation|Power up time|Time taken for seeker to power up after it is turned on}}</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">15 Seconds</span><span class="ttx-name">{{Annotation|Max acquisition time|Maximum time seeker can be powered on for before it shuts down}}</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">4°</span><span class="ttx-name">{{Annotation|Seeker FoV|Field of View of the seeker (how big the lock on circle is)}}</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">No</span><span class="ttx-name">Uncaged seeker</span></div>

<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Warhead</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">4.5 kg</span><span class="ttx-name">Explosive mass</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">TNT</span><span class="ttx-name">Explosive type</span></div>

<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">5 m</span><span class="ttx-name">Proximity fuse range</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Specifications</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">70 kg</span><span class="ttx-name">Missile mass</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">2,830 mm</span><span class="ttx-name">Length</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">127 mm</span><span class="ttx-name">Diameter</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Fins</span><span class="ttx-name">Steering system</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Production History</div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Naval Weapons Center - China Lake</span><span class="ttx-name">Designer</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Full Production</span><span class="ttx-name">Production Status</span></div>
<div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1956 - 1962</span><span class="ttx-name">Produced</span></div>
</div>
</div>

== Description ==
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===

{{Navigation-Start|Vehicles equipped with this weapon}}

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Jet fighters'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|USA}}{{Specs-Link|f9f-8|short}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|fj_4b|short}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|fj_4b_agm_12b|short}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f-100d|short}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f-4c|short}}
{{Navigation-Line|Germany}}{{Specs-Link|sea_hawk_mk100|short}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f-86_cl_13b_mk6|short}}
{{Navigation-Line|Japan}}{{Specs-Link|f-86f-40_japan|short}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f-86f-40_japan_blue_impulse|short}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|t2|short}}
{{Navigation-Line|Italy}}{{Specs-Link|f-86k_late_italy|short}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|fiat_g91_r4|short}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|fiat_g91_ys|short}}
{{Navigation-Line|France}}{{Specs-Link|f-86k_late|short}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|md_460|short}}

{{Navigation-End}}

== General info ==
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the missile.''

=== Effective damage ===
''Describe the type of damage produced by this type of missile (high explosive, splash damage, etc)''

=== Comparison with analogues ===
''Give a comparative description of missiles that have firepower equal to this weapon.''

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe situations when you would utilise this missile in-game (vehicle, pillbox, base, etc)''

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''

'''Pros:'''
* Effective at killing low energy targets
* Decent effective range

'''Cons:'''
* Narrow firing circle
* Poor missile tracking, with only 6G overload

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the weapon;''
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Missiles}}

[[Category:Suspended armaments]]