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Chieftain Marksman

2022-10-30T22:00:23Z

U24720395:

{{About
|about= British SPAA '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage= other versions
|link= Chieftain (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_chieftain_marksman
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (shortened to '''{{Specs|pseudonym}}''') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British self-propelled anti-aircraft vehicle {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]].

The Marksman looks like Chieftain tank hull with a giant boxy turret in the middle of it. The turret has a radar on the back of it and clearly visible handles with cannons on its front. The front has a distinctive double slope. There is no other such turret in-game and so it is very easy to identify. Technically, from behind the turret's shape may look a bit like the [[Gepard]], but it's gigantic in comparison.

Like with the [[Falcon]], the Marksman's role is hiding around the battlefield, shooting at planes and punishing unsuspecting ground opponents, however, it is much slower, so it does its job from about kilometre away or further, if possible.
[[File:Helisnipe marksman.jpg|thumb|You can snipe ATGM helicopters. However, do not waste ammo on agile support helicopters that move around a lot, even radar cannot predict their dodges from this far away.]]
Radar allows it to have an aiming reticle against incoming planes in RB. The reticle works the same way as in AB, however, it doesn't say how far away the plane is.

Since [[Update 1.87 "Locked On"]], radar also allows you to lock your turret to follow a specific target and to see a "true" targeting reticle, which will guarantee a hit up to 3km range and, on some occasions even further, even if you don't have any modifications, unless the enemy aircraft changes course. It is ''very important'' to change the keybinding of the radar lock key (default "alt + F"), as radar won't reliably lock on to targets, due to "mouse pointer" mode from "alt" button.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

[[File:Chieftain marksman hullbreak.jpg|420px|thumb|right|Even a glancing hit to a turret of powerful enough shell will annihilate SPAA immediately.]]
The Chieftain chassis is fairly well protected against frontal attacks by light vehicles. The turret protection, however, is not great - it will stop most heavy machine-gun fire at close range, but any chemical shell of high calibre could cause overpressure damage and just implode it in a single hit. Overall, tank feels almost like the [[FV4005]] with slightly more armour on turret.

Do not show the lower front plate to the enemy's tanks, as it's considerably weaker. Despite having better armour for hull, the Marksman is extremely slow for it, so keeping the enemy away from this vehicle is the key to making the most of the armour it have, even though most opponents will only fire at its turret.

Generally, if turret doesn't break in a single hit, the crew is taken out in such order: Firstly the enemy does a precise shot at the bottom-left (vehicle's right) of the turret to take out the gunner, then fires at the opposite to take out tank commander. Turret may tank 20 mm autocannon shots, but only at about 1.2 km range, which is an acceptable duel range for the Marksman. Any non-stock combat SPAA's and light tanks, though, will breach it with no effort even from 3 km away.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,178|rbMinHp=672}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Oerlikon KDA (35 mm)}}

The Marksman has an extremely fast turning turret, so any incoming plane or light vehicle can be targeted fast.

Guns converge at about 1.2 km range without "Adjustment of Fire" modification and about 1.8 km with it. This makes firing at close range enemy vehicles very impractical, due to half of already low ammunition count being wasted. However, it's very convenient for firing at moving targets, including light tanks and jets, as the two separate autocannons increase the probability of a hit. It may feel like the guns are similar to the [[Falcon]]'s when fired, but due to them being 35 mm, shells will tear off plane wings even in one hit, and it's easy to hit them even with stock gun from 1.8 km range without wasting too much ammo due to radar assistance. Lightly-armoured vehicles get destroyed in about 30 shots at worst.

The guns can disable both tracks of the enemy vehicle at once at 300 m distance if facing the enemy's front. This allows the Marksman to escape and ask teammates to finish off the threat.

Due to the belt limitations, the optimal playstyle is much less aggressive than the [[Falcon]]; however, the APDS belt is no joke, as every shell in it can penetrate about 100 mm of armour up to 500 m and up to 60 mm at 2,000 m at 30°. As such, weaker side armour on most rank V+ vehicles of all nations can be threatened by the Marksman from almost any range, and it only brings much more pain to light vehicles from afar. Only [[:Category:USSR ground vehicles|Soviet tanks]] have decent enough armour on nearly all vehicles to negate its firepower in optimal weapon range.

Guns still overheat in about 10 seconds and can put the Marksman out of fighting capability for half a minute. Avoid spray-and-pray tactics and let the cannons cool down at least for a bit between volleys.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Oerlikon KDA (35 mm)|35 mm Oerlikon KDA]] (x2) || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 500 (230) || rowspan="2" | 550 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+85° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 79.3 ||109.7||133.2||147.3||156.7|| rowspan="2" | 1.30 || rowspan="2" |1.15|| rowspan="2" |1.06|| rowspan="2" |1.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 53.5 ||63.0||76.5||84.6||90.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
There are two Ammunition belts, which are also split into 2 (one for each gun): the main belt and secondary belt.

The Marksman can take 460 shells for the main belts and 40 for secondary, which is barely enough for one engagement. This may be insulting, but it's necessary for survival. Unlike with the [[Falcon]], when ammo for the main belt runs out, the second belt of pure anti-air or anti-armour rounds can be used as self-defence during restock on a capture point. Also, there won't be a need wait for the reload once the ammo restock is complete, as the Marksman is ready to fight nearly instantly.

Note that the DM23 APDS belt can only be a secondary belt. There is also a difference in effective range between normal belt and APDS belt. For some reason, AP-I shells can only fly up to 3km away and even radar will refuse to help aiming them past that range. This does not happen with APDS, allowing to snipe even as far as 5 km, at which range even radar itself is barely capable of keeping up the lock on.

Rearming of the belts takes 20 seconds, but it can only do two belts at once (regardless of the belt type). The implication is, if any one cannon overheated and the belts are no longer homogenous, you can get both belt types for that one gun at once, but the tank will be stuck using just one cannon from then on.

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}
* '''DM11A1:''' {{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}
* '''DM13:''' {{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}
* '''DM23:''' {{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}

'''Note''': Penetration statistics listed for the most powerful shell in the belt. HEI-T does no damage to armoured targets, but critically damages planes.

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="7" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| Default || 68 || 65 || 52 || 40 || 30 || 23
|-
| DM11A1 || 68 || 65 || 52 || 40 || 30 || 23
|-
| DM13 || 68 || 65 || 52 || 40 || 30 || 23
|-
| DM23 || 127 || 125 || 119 || 111 || 104 || 97
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''3''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

==== Optics and night vision ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | {{PAGENAME}} [[Optics]]
|-
! rowspan="3" |Type of optic
! rowspan="3" |Magnification
! colspan="5" |[[Night Vision Devices]]
|-
! colspan="3" |Image Intensifier
! rowspan="2" |{{Annotation|Thermal Imager Resolution|The higher the resolution the clearer and more detailed the image is}}
! rowspan="2" |Notes
|-
! {{Annotation|Resolution|The higher the resolution the clearer and more detailed the image is}}
! {{Annotation|Light Mult|By how much the image intensifier amplifies the existing light, primarily useful for comparing image intensifiers}}
! {{Annotation|Noise Level|How much noise is present in the image (how grainy the image is)}}
|-
! Gunner's Sight
| X~7,5 - X~8 || N/A || N/A || N/A || Not Fitted ||
|-
! Commander's View
| X6 || N/A || N/A || N/A || Not Fitted ||
|-
! Driver's View
| X1 / 3PV || 800X600 || _ || high || Not Fitted || Only useable with tier 2 upgrade
|-
|}

*Zoom level estimated using optics gallery.

Use night vision to avoid hostile tanks or to fight them at close range at night. The image intensifier is not installed for gunner or commander, so be cautious when shifting between third person and other views during night.

While Chieftain Marksman gun convergence can allow its user to fire at targets in 3-rd person view and still hit a target, you have to use sniper scope to increase accuracy of radar aim, but keep [[SPAA_radars#Sensor_guidance_errors|sensor guidance errors]] in mind during this.

Rely mostly on your radar when firing at night, but do not forget to check, if lock-on is stable, as it may wobble around the target at times.

===Radars===
{{main|Marconi S 400}}
The Chieftain Marksman is equipped with a [[Marconi S 400]] search and tracking radar, mounted on top of the turret, at the rear. The radar system lacks track while scan but can track targets in a full 360° area around the turret (instead of just to the front of the turret).

If you want to use radar to specifically try and "find" a target that is too far away to see, or do not want to alert the entire enemy air force of your existence, you can try to stop radar dish by using "change radar search mode" (not bound by default) and specifically look towards the direction aircrafts are expected to come from (the enemy airfield, for example). If the radar happens to detect them, they will appear on the radar screen, and you can lock onto them. However, the use of this option is severely limited due to the fact that planes rarely move in a straight line, so even if you try to snipe them from 4 km range, it will likely result in a miss, so the default search mode is generally better.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="5" | [[Marconi S 400]] - Target Detection Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Detection Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Detection Range|The range, below which, a target cannot be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Max Azimuth Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Max Elevation Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum relative speed|The minimum speed a target must be moving, relative to the radar, in order to be detectable by the radar}}
|-
| 12,000 m || 1,000 m || 360° || -10°/+90° || 15 m/s (54 km/h)
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Marconi S 400]] - Target Tracking Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum relative speed|The minimum speed a target must be moving, relative to the radar, in order to be tracked by the radar}}
|-
| 10,000 m || 100 m || 360° || -10°/+87° || 15 m/s (54 km/h)
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


Follow the team's push and take some nice fortified position with sight on the capture point, destroying any scout vehicles that attempt to get close while looking for planes. Conducting both actions at once is crucial to not only deny the enemy a recon point but also for self-preservation to keep the Marksman protected. Fighting at a distance will be best to minimize convergence distance to avoid wasting ammunition on the lead. Vertical traverse of cannons is almost instant, so that should not be a concern when shifting from ground to air target. As the main belt's ammo runs out, move closer to the capture point to rearm. With this tactic, use the secondary belt only for self-defence on the capture point, or if it's really necessary for a teammate's survival.

Alternatively, you could go straight for capture point defence and unload secondary belts onto every passing plane, light tank, SPAA and poorly armoured MBT, then immediately rearm. Since your guns convergence is 1-2 km depending on upgrades, there is little chance that any vehicle which is travelling in a straight line can dodge your double cannon lead. However, don't expect to successfully push away medium tanks, if your belt isn't APDS, and it's very likely that the enemy's return fire will heavily damage or overpressure you, as capture points rarely provide any cover, so move out and use your main belt, when forced to.

Using radar-assisted aim is advised since it's more accurate and can lead to hits at over 3 km range. To conserve ammo, however, do not just blindly follow it, especially in arcade, as arcade mode aircraft tend to dodge direct shots - do some short bursts around it. If you are standing on a frontline, remember that the Marksman is very tall and it is not rare for some tankers to get annoyed by your presence and try to shoot the radar off the turret, even if the turret itself is almost entirely behind cover and attack achieves nothing else, so try to move somewhere remotely safe if you are expecting an air raid.

In arcade mode your combat ability is severely limited, due to many maps being 2 x 2 km wide at best, so on such maps you could try to train your crew with very high "keen vision", then try to camp enemy base entrances across the map, using the fact that your shells have little penetration falloff over distance and slight armour angling. This would require great map knowledge, though. As soon as enemy planes or attack helicopters appear, destroy them.

On big maps in arcade mode, keep in mind, that every sniper tank on enemy team might try to shoot in your direction, as soon as they are done destroying medium tanks, or if hostile light tank "scout" you. It is very hard to snipe planes from spawn on such maps, so try to secure some "trench line" in form of a hill, which you can use to follow your team even under sniper fire. Snipe lightly-armoured tanks back, if they expose themselves. Having high "keen vision" greatly helps at this as well.

Some enemies to be concerned about:

* '''Soviet tanks''': Avoid them as much as possible. With the gun convergence and reduced movement speed, it will not be easy to defeat them in a duel, as their frontal armour is almost always impenetrable, even for APDS belt. Detrack them and communicate with teammates to finish them off. Sometimes their medium tank drivers are very arrogant and underestimate the Marksman, due to how rarely it is spaded and do not immediately turn their frontal armour towards it, thinking that you cannot destroy them anyway - punish them by shredding their tank with APDS belt, or by firing AP belt into generally weak side-bottom part of their tank.
* '''Maus''': It's invulnerable. Best not to show up in parts of that map it controls.
* '''Centauro''': This is the epitome of all tanks the Marksman wants to shoot at - it is mobile, can reach and flank your position in a minute and has scouting as well. Fortunately, it also has the armour of a light tank, so if you see it out of cover, drop your lock on and fire at it, before it hides away.
* '''Helicopters''': While helicopters are slow and may look like an easy target, they can change direction of flight and throw off radar aim or try to drop altitude, avoiding shots from over two kilometres away, so keep checking where it is trying to turn or roll, instead of just firing at the radar aiming reticle. Also, due to the Marksman's cannon convergence, try to keep them away from you or spread shots horizontally, as it is not rare to only cut off weapon pylons off attack helicopter, but fail to actually disable its gunner/co-pilot, so if after critical hit on a helicopter or setting it on fire ATGM still flies directly at your SPAA, it is better to hide behind something. Rocket carpet bombing is also dangerous for the Marksman due to turret being very big, so try to move out of the way of the main volley, if only a bit - a close miss of weak rockets should fail to penetrate chieftain hull. If the support helicopter is trying to be smart and fires from exactly 3.5 km away and then backs off to avoid being hit by your main ammunition, start moving back as well and sacrifice the APDS belt to obliterate it. The radar will keep your aim true, so don't worry about accuracy during movement too much. After a certain point, helicopters acquire 8 km range ATGMs and outclass you entirely, which is when you have to swap to the next generation SPAA, especially in RB.

[[File:Radar shot marksman.jpg|thumb|300px|Radar makes hitting passive pilots extremely easy, and in Realistic Battle you can take them down with just 1 hit of explosive ammo. Even if it doesn't look like a fatal hit, it can eventually force plane to crash. In arcade mode radar guidance ensures you won't need to spend your entire ammunition trying to take down one bomber or ATGM helicopter.]]

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Guns produce a great effect upon shell contact on target, requiring only one or two hits to down a plane
* Can fire effectively at longer ranges than [[Falcon]] and has radar guidance on top of that
* Compared to [[Gepard]] and [[Type 87]] has relatively easy time shooting down planes even without use of a sniper scope
* Secondary belts and near-instant reload allows for safer rearms compared to the [[Falcon]] and the [[M163]] Vulcan
* Has a stable radar system with full 360° target tracking - it rarely ever needs to be manually locked on
* Unlike the latter [[ZA-35]], can lock-on and fight through some trees, at the cost of triggering radar warning systems

'''Cons:'''

* Low mobility - it can't outrun most of its opponents and moving around the map at its rank can be a challenge in itself
* LFP is a weak spot even for some light tanks, turret is lightly-armoured and is a big target for rockets and other explosives - keeping 1.3 km distance is crucial when fighting light tanks and other SPAA
* Due to very tall profile it is an easy target, when compared to other SPAAs of the rank. it is hard to never show it to medium tanks or SPGs in order to avoid being destroyed by overpressure
* The cannon's convergence makes the Marksman weaker in close combat, as it can only hit targets with one gun at short range
* Ammunition count is low, firing in 20-30 shot bursts is almost a must
* APDS ammo is now put into a separate belt, which may be inconvenient to use with a low ammunition capacity
* Slower rate of fire than other SPAA
* Radar system lacks track while scan and has relatively poor range
* Still does not have gunner night vision, although radar mostly compensates for that (can cause problems at pitch black maps of 9.0+)
* Main belt can only be radar-guided at up to 3 km range, ATGM sniper helicopters like [[Alouette (Family)]] can simply outrange it, unless APDS is unlocked

== History ==

'''Development'''

In the mid to late 1960s, the second generation of main battle tanks were becoming the focal point of armoured warfare. Main battle tanks were vulnerable to air attack and the British Army lacked anti-air armour capable of keeping up with MBT formations. Two prototype anti-aircraft turrets were mounted to a chieftain hull; the Marconi Defence Systems Marksman and a Royal Ordnance turret named ‘Sabre’.<ref>Griffin, R. (2001) Chieftain. Marlborough: The Crowood Press, p. 149.</ref>

The Marconi Electronic Systems turret atop the chieftain hull was fitted with twin Oerlikon 35mm cannons effective at up to 4,000 metres distance. Intended targets were low-flying aircraft and attack helicopters, however, APDS ammunition would allow the marksman the opportunity to engage even substantially armoured ground targets. Using a primary surveillance radar in conjunction with automated detection, tracking and firing systems, the marksman could engage multiple targets just 6 seconds after first detecting them.<ref>Dunstan, S. (1989) The Chieftain Tank. London: Arms and Armour Press, p. 45-6.</ref>

'''Legacy'''

Neither of two anti-air turret variants, were adopted by the British Army following their trials, but valuable information was gathered, which would influence the future of the British Army’s air defence doctrines. The marksman turret would be operationally used in small numbers by the Finnish Defence Forces; initially mounted onto a T-55 hull and in recent years retrofitted onto the Leopard 2A4 hull.<ref>(2015) ''MAAVOIMIEN LIIKKUVUUDEN JA TULIVOIMAN ROLL OUT PANSSARIPRIKAATISSA''. Finnish Defence Forces. Available at: <nowiki>https://web.archive.org/web/20151005155147/http://www.puolustusvoimat.fi/wcm/a2748e00495d6be1a9e0a98833fba23b/Toimintanaytoksen_materiaalitiedot_5%2B8%2B2015.pdf?MOD=AJPERES</nowiki> (Accessed: October 29, 2022).</ref>

=== [[wt:en/news/5523-development-chieftain-marksman-top-scoring-shooter-en|Devblog]] ===
With the development of more effective modern weapon systems, deployed from aircraft capable of flying at very high speeds and low altitudes, mobile ground troops were more susceptible to air attack than ever. The British Marconi Electronic Systems company came to the same conclusion during the early 1980s and began independently developing the Marksman project after realizing how little work was being done in the field of modern SPAA development. The concept of the Marksman project wasn't the development of an entirely new vehicle, but rather of a modern anti-air platform that could be fitted to a wide range of suitable military vehicles, even non-British ones. Naturally, the platform had to be capable of dealing with the most modern threats, such as high-speed attack aircraft and helicopters. In order to achieve this, Marconi engineers gave the Marksman a highly advanced radar detection and targeting system and paired it up with twin 35 mm Oerlikon KDA cannons in a similar fashion as found on the German Flakpanzer Gepard.

The testing of the first construction prototype was done on the chassis of the Chinese Type 59 tank. This decision was primarily made in an effort to optimize the platform for use on similar Chinese machines in order to attract potential customers using Chinese vehicles. In 1984, further tests were conducted, only this time around, using chassis of British vehicles such as the Centurion, Chieftain and Challenger 1. However, in order to further increase the number of vehicles that could potentially fit the Marksman platform, Marconi developed several adapters that allowed the platform to be fitted on hulls with a turret ring diameter smaller or in excess of 1,840 mm. However, as even newer, more capable aircraft weapon systems were developed during the 1980s which could easily destroy such SPAAs, the Marksman system became more or less obsolete before it was even deployed. Due to this, the primary expected customer - the British Armed Forces - didn't show any interest in adopting a conventional SPAA system, such as the Marksman. Only a limited number of Marksman systems was employed by the Finnish army on their ItPsv 90 SPAAs, which were retired from active service in 2010 and replaced with Leopard 2 Marksman conversions which are still in service today.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_chieftain_marksman Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|8dkhjEhFXBY|'''The Shooting Range #105''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:32 discusses the Chieftain Marksman.}}

== See also ==


* [[Gepard]]
* [[Type 87]]
* [[PGZ09]]
* [[AMX-30 DCA]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5523-development-chieftain-marksman-top-scoring-shooter-en|[Devblog] Chieftain Marksman: Top Scoring Shooter]]

{{Britain anti-aircraft vehicles}}

Ratel 20

2022-04-30T22:30:10Z

U24720395: /* History */

{{About
| about = British light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Ratel (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_ratel_20
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]].

The Ratel 20 is the original variant of the versatile Ratel IFV built by South Africa in 1976, to meet their tactics on mobile warfare. It is granted the title of the first wheeled IFV to enter service worldwide.

While the mobile and indirect playstyle of the previous [[Ratel 90]] continues, the variation in weaponry sets ups for a somewhat more defensive and supporting approach during armoured engagements. The fast-firing 20 mm GI-2 automatic cannon and the powerful Milan ATGM are alternative armaments that will require some practice due to their situational unreliability when compared to a classical high-calibre cannon layout.

Aside from the alternative weaponry, the pros and cons of the Ratel chassis remain essentially unchanged, therefore the Ratel 20 still relies on his firepower and mobility; both are effective tools when in the hands of skilled players.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, turret, cupola)
* Cast homogeneous armour (gun mantlet)
* Wheel (tires, suspension rods)
* Bulletproof glass (driver windows)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 15 mm (30°) ''Front plate'' 10 mm (75°) ''Upper Glacis'' 20 mm (30°) ''Lower plate'' || 8 mm (26°) ''Top'' 10 mm (2-27°) ''Bottom'' || 10 mm (0-43°) || 6 mm
|-
| Turret || 12 mm (30°) ''Turret front'' 12 mm (8°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 10 mm (17-21°) || 10 mm (16°) || 10 mm (16°) ''Front part'' 10 mm ''Rear part'' 8 mm ''Gunner hatch''
|-
| Cupola || colspan="3" | 8-10 mm (spherical) || 8 mm (46-85°) ''Hatch''
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Wheels and suspension are 10 mm thick.

* Belly is 8 mm thick.
* Unlike Ratel 90, the radiator's armour is 10mm instead of 5 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=437|rbMinHp=249}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|GI-2 (20 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[GI-2 (20 mm)|20 mm GI-2]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 1,200 (150) || rowspan="2" | 750 || rowspan="2" | -8°/+38° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 22.7 || 31.4 || 38.1 || 42.1 || 44.8 || rowspan="2" | 10.40 || rowspan="2" | 9.20 || rowspan="2" | 8.48 || rowspan="2" | 8.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.2 || 16.7 || 20.2 || 22.4 || 23.8
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}
* '''M594:''' {{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}
* '''M601:''' {{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="7" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| Default || 57 || 52 || 37 || 24 || 15 || 10
|-
| M594 || 57 || 52 || 37 || 24 || 15 || 10
|-
| M601 || 57 || 52 || 37 || 24 || 15 || 10
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! Ammo type
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''10''' '''1,200''' || ''Clips'' ''Rounds'' || 9 ''(+1)'' 1,080 || 8 ''(+2)'' 960 || 7 ''(+3)'' 840 || 6 ''(+4)'' 620 || 4 ''(+6)'' 480 || 3 ''(+7)'' 360 || 2 ''(+8)'' 240 || 1 ''(+9)'' 120 || Yes
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Ammunition is modelled as 10 clips of 120 rounds.
* The visual discrepancy concerns the number of clips: 10 clips can be fired but only 8 are modeled.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|MILAN}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[MILAN]] missile
|-
! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
|-
| 7 || ±5° || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| MILAN || ATGM || 530 || 530 || 530 || 530 || 530 || 530
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Range (m)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| MILAN || ATGM || 200 || 2,000 || 6.7 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,830 || 80° || 82° || 90°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}_secondary.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''7''' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Missiles are modeled individually and disappear after having been launched.
* It is not possible to select how many missiles to bring into battle.
* The missiles deplete from 1 to 7.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|4}}

{{main|Browning MG4 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Browning MG4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Browning MG4]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,000 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Pintle || 3,000 (250) || 500 || -10°/+3° || ±120°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

Use your excellent mobility on roads to flank the enemy and use your autocannon to hit side and rear armour. If you ever come face to face with a heavily armoured vehicle, use your ATGM. On rough terrain, support your teammates and use your ATGMs to pick off targets passing by. You can also help repair teammates and destroy lightly-armoured targets with your autocannon. Since your 20 mm isn't very useful against most tanks from the front, use it to take out tracks and gun barrels. The ratel is very long and hard to hide so always be careful that you are not exposing sections of your vehicle that the enemy can see.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* [[MILAN]] ATGM has good penetration values and overpressure capabilities
* Ratel chassis is decently mobile once fully upgraded; also great reverse speed of 17 km/h
* 20 mm GI-2 gun has a high rate of fire and a useful elevation of +38°; perfect against low flying aircraft

'''Cons:'''

* Large size; difficult to conceal and manoeuvre on urban maps
* No stabilizer; the vehicle must stop to use the GI-2 cannon effectively
* Low engine power; the wheels also struggles on snow, sand or mud
* GI-2 cannon has poor performance against sloped thin armour as those on [[BMP-1 (Family)]], [[R3 T106 FA]] or [[AUBL/74]]
* Armour is unreliable and poor; only 3 crew members and a large ATGMs rack

== History ==
'''Development'''
[[File:Ratel-20.jpg|alt=A UN Ratel-20 IFV in the Royal Tank Museum, Jordan.|left|thumb|A UN Ratel-20 IFV in the Royal Tank Museum, Jordan.]]
Named after the tenacious honey badger<ref>Scheepers, M., Pretorius, F. (2021) 'Loss of military equipment by the SADF at the Battle at Indungo during the Border War, 31 October 1987', ''Scientia Militaria, South African Journal of Military Studies'', Vol 49, Nr 2, pp. 58-9.</ref>, the Ratel Infantry Fighting vehicle’s development began in 1970 when the South African Defence Force required armoured vehicles which could cover vast distances of African plains. These requirements prioritised strong firepower and good protection to enable mechanised infantry to play their role within a highly mobile warfare doctrine. The SADF were already using British APCs, but these aligned with the British doctrine of mobilised infantry dismounting for engagements which was counter-intuitive to the direction of the diverging South African structure <ref name=":0">Harmse, K., Dunstan, S. (2017) ''South African Armour of the Border War 1975–89''. Oxford: Osprey Publishing, pp. 18-47.</ref>.
The SADF also used South African designed armoured vehicles, yet these were liable to breakdowns and weapon failures which peaked during the South African Border War, exposing the weaknesses of older and cheaper IFV models and exposing the necessity for complete replacement to the more durable and reliable Ratel models. The South African derivative of the [[AML-90 (Family)|AML]], the [[Eland 90 Mk.7|Eland]] was successful as a reconnaissance vehicle with remarkable self-defence, and this would inspire the design of the Ratel which shares visual similarity<ref name=":0" />.

'''Combat usage'''

The Ratel would enter production in 1975 and see immediate success in the Angolan War from 1978. Despite a design based around flat terrain and infantry combat, the Ratel found itself excelling in challenging mountainous terrain and rainforests, fulfilling additional combat and support roles. In later produced modular variants, the Ratel utilised the cannon turret of the [[Eland 90 Mk.7|Eland]], ATGMs and also support platforms such as observation and logistics<ref>O'Malley, T.J. (1996) ''Fighting Vehicles: Armoured Personnel Carriers and Infantry Fighting Vehicles''. London: Merlin Publications, pp. 98-9.</ref>.

The Ratel-20 would see combat in Operation Reindeer, 1978, Operation Sceptic, 1980, Operation Askari, 1983, and Operation Excite, 1988 for the SADF in Angola<ref name=":0" /> It still serves several African nations in the present day; including South Africa which maintains over one thousand Ratel IFVs in total comprising a significant percentage of the SADF's land fighting capability; and Ratel-20s have been used extensively by countries participating in United Nations peacekeeping missions<ref>Wezeman, P. (2011). '''South African Arms Supplies to Sub-Saharan Africa''<nowiki/>', Stockholm International Peace Research Institute.</ref>.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_ratel_20 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|8O6saI_fQ2Y|'''The Shooting Range #244''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 03:36 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


;Related service history

*[[Eland 90 Mk.7]]
*[[Ratel 90]]
*[[T-34-85]]
*[[PT-76B]]
*[[T-54/55 (Family)]]

;Similar Playstyle

* [[Warrior]]
* [[BMP-1]]
* [[UDES 33]]
* [[FIAT 6614]]

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{TankManufacturer Sandock-Austral}}
{{Britain light tanks}}

[[Category:ATGM vehicles]]
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

File:Ratel-20.jpg

2022-04-30T22:14:51Z

U24720395:

A UN Ratel-20 IFV in the Royal Tank Museum, Jordan.

VB.10C-1

2021-08-15T23:48:26Z

U24720395: /* Reference list cleanup */

{{About
| about = French twin-engine fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = VB.10-02
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=vb_10c1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} French twin-engine fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.73 "Vive la France"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 7,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 679 || 659 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.4 || 26.5 || 11.7 || 11.7 || rowspan="2" | 700
|-
! Upgraded
| 739 || 710 || 22.8 || 24.0 || 19.3 || 15.4
|-
|}

====Details====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 498 || 469 || 320 || ~11 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 380 || < 380 || < 540 || > 340
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 3,000 m || 1,200 hp || 1,536 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 8,000 m || 1,120 hp || 1,433 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 50 mm Bulletproof glass in front and rear of the cockpit.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Hispano 404 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 20 mm Hispano 404 cannons, wing-mounted (150 rpg = 600 total)

The four cannons are arranged in bundles of two mounted in each wing. Each is armed with the same amount of ammunition, which means that all guns will fire with each other until empty.

== Usage in battles ==

The VB.10C-1, like most heavy fighters, is reliant on side climbing to engage enemy fighters, however this isn't the only way to play the VB.10C-1, if you decide to side climb and wait for enemy planes to drop down to lower altitudes they will find themselves in peril when a experienced pilot in a VB.10C-1 comes booming past with its quick dive rate and deadly armament of 4 x 20 mm Hispano 404 cannons. The best tactic when flying solo is Boom & Zoom and play as the team's support fighter, as its great acceleration and heavy weight can allow you to make fast attacks against unsuspecting enemy fighters at lower altitudes that are pre-occupied with fighting friendly aircraft. The heavy weight can also help carry the planes speed when extending and helps retain a bit of speed when going back into a climb, be aware however that the VB.10C-1's size and weight makes it a considerable target if you happen to miss your engagement. The best tactic when flying in a group of two or more is to help teammates that are struggling in a dogfight with enemy fighters, as a large target the VB.10C-1 can distract enemy fighters and outrun most using its advantage in weight and energy which allows teammates to slide onto the enemies six o'clock and finish them off.

If you need to do a quick turn, set combat flaps and reduce the power of the engine to around 50%, then turn and close the combat flaps when half-finished with your manoeuvre. Be aware that turning in the VB.10C-1 is a way to intentionally or unintentionally bleed off any built-up energy. Conserve energy when possible in the VB.10C-1 as it lacks the capabilitys to dogfight other fighters in fast or slow turning engagements.

===Manual Engine Control===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil
! Water
! Type
|-
| Controllable || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Separate || rowspan="2" | Controllable 2 gears || rowspan="2" | Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very fast at medium to low altitudes
* Average climb rate (inferior to contemporary German/Italian counterparts)
* Decent ammo count
* Good turn rate (can manoeuvre with Bf 109s)
* Brutal acceleration in a dive
* Quite strong combat flaps
* Good horizontal energy retention
* Good cockpit visibility (important for simulator battle players)
* If one engine/propeller fails the VB still flies very well with the other one; so you can easily return to the airfield for repairs

'''Cons'''

* Bad acceleration rate (except in a dive)
* Awful vertical turner
* Rudder is unresponsive at high speeds
* Very heavy feeling in the air
* Stock belts are unimpressive
* Stock guns are inaccurate
* Similar to Do-335, guns can be difficult to align at high speeds
* Bad roll rate is made even worse with unresponsive rudder
* Guns are mounted far outside the centre, so it's hard to hit small targets with full force (try convergence point at ~600 m)
* All guns have a 150 round magazine, if one gun is empty... all guns are empty; so watch your ammo stats

== History ==

'''Development'''

The Arsenal VB-10 was a continuation in development from the earlier [[V.G.33C-1|VG-33]] aircraft designed during the early war period but unable to be manufactured in great numbers before the Battle of France which began in May 1940.

Under the Vichy government, the prior prototypes were reconsidered, and updated designs needed to be produced. Thus, the VB-10’s distinctive design of liquid cooled tandem engines were born. This was a method of circumnavigating the lack of a 2,000 HP engine with two 1,000 HP engines<ref>Hartmann, G. (2007) ''L’Arsenal de l’aéronautique''. p. 4-7. [pdf] Available at: <<nowiki>http://www.hydroretro.net</nowiki>> [Accessed 13 August 2021].</ref>. The new design was higher performance than two similar American interceptor projects; the XP-62<ref>Bowers, P. (1979) ''Curtiss aircraft, 1907-1947.'' London: Putnam & Company Ltd, pp. 327–331.</ref> and XP-67<ref>Francillon, R. (1988) ''McDonnell Douglas aircraft since 1920''. London: Putnam Aeronautical Books, p. 372.</ref>, the twinned engine system producing a higher top speed and competitive rates of climb and service range during a test flight in July 1945.<ref name=":0">Green, W., Swanborough, G. (2001) ''The Complete Book of Fighters: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Every Fighter Aircraft Built and Flown''. London: Salamander Books, pp. 30-31.</ref>

'''Production'''

An initial order for 200 aircraft was placed after a test flight of the second prototype in September 1946 to enter service post-war, though this was reduced to 50 within three years. The first VB-10 took flight on 3rd November 1947 with Hispano-Suiza HS 12Z Ars 15/16 engines and the now standard armament for the prototype, four 20 mm cannons, replacing the prototypes' prior 23.7 mm machine guns.

The order was cancelled in September 1948 after just four of the aircraft were completed and tested. During the tests, mechanical failures caused two serious crashes, one of which was fatal and the aircraft were scrapped. The French Air Force would rely on foreign Allied fighter aircraft until the national production of jet-powered fighters began.<ref name=":0" />

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=vb_10c1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|NuacwZrhw3M|'''The Shooting Range #159''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:28 discusses the VB.10.}}

== See also ==


* [[V.G.33C-1]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/385704-vb-10c-1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

=== References ===
<references />{{AirManufacturer Arsenal}}
{{France twin-engine fighters and attackers}}

VB.10C-1

2021-08-13T16:06:20Z

U24720395: History added

{{About
| about = French twin-engine fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = VB.10-02
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=vb_10c1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} French twin-engine fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.73 "Vive la France"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 7,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 679 || 659 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.4 || 26.5 || 11.7 || 11.7 || rowspan="2" | 700
|-
! Upgraded
| 739 || 710 || 22.8 || 24.0 || 19.3 || 15.4
|-
|}

====Details====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 498 || 469 || 320 || ~11 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 380 || < 380 || < 540 || > 340
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 3,000 m || 1,200 hp || 1,536 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 8,000 m || 1,120 hp || 1,433 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 50 mm Bulletproof glass in front and rear of the cockpit.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Hispano 404 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 20 mm Hispano 404 cannons, wing-mounted (150 rpg = 600 total)

The four cannons are arranged in bundles of two mounted in each wing. Each is armed with the same amount of ammunition, which means that all guns will fire with each other until empty.

== Usage in battles ==

The VB.10C-1, like most heavy fighters, is reliant on side climbing to engage enemy fighters, however this isn't the only way to play the VB.10C-1, if you decide to side climb and wait for enemy planes to drop down to lower altitudes they will find themselves in peril when a experienced pilot in a VB.10C-1 comes booming past with its quick dive rate and deadly armament of 4 x 20 mm Hispano 404 cannons. The best tactic when flying solo is Boom & Zoom and play as the team's support fighter, as its great acceleration and heavy weight can allow you to make fast attacks against unsuspecting enemy fighters at lower altitudes that are pre-occupied with fighting friendly aircraft. The heavy weight can also help carry the planes speed when extending and helps retain a bit of speed when going back into a climb, be aware however that the VB.10C-1's size and weight makes it a considerable target if you happen to miss your engagement. The best tactic when flying in a group of two or more is to help teammates that are struggling in a dogfight with enemy fighters, as a large target the VB.10C-1 can distract enemy fighters and outrun most using its advantage in weight and energy which allows teammates to slide onto the enemies six o'clock and finish them off.

If you need to do a quick turn, set combat flaps and reduce the power of the engine to around 50%, then turn and close the combat flaps when half-finished with your manoeuvre. Be aware that turning in the VB.10C-1 is a way to intentionally or unintentionally bleed off any built-up energy. Conserve energy when possible in the VB.10C-1 as it lacks the capabilitys to dogfight other fighters in fast or slow turning engagements.

===Manual Engine Control===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil
! Water
! Type
|-
| Controllable || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Separate || rowspan="2" | Controllable 2 gears || rowspan="2" | Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very fast at medium to low altitudes
* Average climb rate (inferior to contemporary German/Italian counterparts)
* Decent ammo count
* Good turn rate (can manoeuvre with Bf 109s)
* Brutal acceleration in a dive
* Quite strong combat flaps
* Good horizontal energy retention
* Good cockpit visibility (important for simulator battle players)
* If one engine/propeller fails the VB still flies very well with the other one; so you can easily return to the airfield for repairs

'''Cons'''

* Bad acceleration rate (except in a dive)
* Awful vertical turner
* Rudder is unresponsive at high speeds
* Very heavy feeling in the air
* Stock belts are unimpressive
* Stock guns are inaccurate
* Similar to Do-335, guns can be difficult to align at high speeds
* Bad roll rate is made even worse with unresponsive rudder
* Guns are mounted far outside the centre, so it's hard to hit small targets with full force (try convergence point at ~600 m)
* All guns have a 150 round magazine, if one gun is empty... all guns are empty; so watch your ammo stats

== History ==
'''Development'''

The Arsenal VB-10 was a continuation in development from the earlier [[V.G.33C-1|VG-33]] aircraft designed during the early war period but unable to be manufactured in great numbers before the Battle of France which began in May 1940.

Under the Vichy government, the prior prototypes were reconsidered, and updated designs needed to be produced. Thus, the VB-10’s distinctive design of liquid cooled tandem engines were born. This was a method of circumnavigating the lack of a 2000hp engine with two 1000hp engines<ref>Hartmann, G. (2007) ''L’Arsenal de l’aéronautique''. p. 4-7. [pdf] Available at: <<nowiki>http://www.hydroretro.net</nowiki>> [Accessed 13 August 2021].</ref>. The new design was higher performance than two similar American interceptor projects; the XP-62<ref>Bowers, P. (1979) ''Curtiss aircraft, 1907-1947.'' London: Putnam & Company Ltd, pp. 327–331.</ref> and XP-67<ref>Francillon, R. (1988) ''McDonnell Douglas aircraft since 1920''. London: Putnam Aeronautical Books, p. 372.</ref>, the twinned engine system producing a higher top speed and competitive rates of climb and service range during a test flight in July 1945.<ref>Green, W., Swanborough, G. (2001) ''The Complete Book of Fighters: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Every Fighter Aircraft Built and Flown''. London: Salamander Books, pp. 30-31.</ref>

'''Production'''

An initial order for 200 aircraft was placed after a test flight of the second prototype in September 1946 to enter service post-war, though this was reduced to 50 within three years. The first VB-10 took flight on 3rd November 1947 with Hispano-Suiza HS 12Z Ars 15/16 engines and the now standard armament for the prototype, four 20mm cannons, replacing the prior prototypes’ 23.7mm machine guns.

The order was cancelled in September 1948 after just four of the aircraft were completed and tested. During the tests, mechanical failures caused two serious crashes, one of which was fatal and the aircraft were scrapped. The French Air Force would rely on foreign allied fighter aircraft until the national production of jet-powered fighters began.<ref>Green, W., Swanborough, G. (2001) ''The Complete Book of Fighters: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Every Fighter Aircraft Built and Flown''. London: Salamander Books, pp. 30-31.</ref>

'''[[wt:en/news/5189-development-arsenal-vb-10-02-professional-striker-en|Devblog]]'''

Initial testing of Arsenal’s first VB.10 prototype showed promising results but room for improvement--so the team at Arsenal made major improvements that resulted in the much more powerful VB.10-02. Although the prolonged development time for the aircraft prevented it from ever seeing active use, both VB.10s became part of France’s aviation tree in War Thunder update 1.73, "Vive la France".

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|NuacwZrhw3M|'''The Shooting Range #159''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:28 discusses the VB.10.}}

== See also ==

* [[V.G.33C-1]]
* [[VB.10-02]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/385704-vb-10c-1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[wt:en/news/5189-development-arsenal-vb-10-02-professional-striker-en|[Devblog] Arsenal VB.10-02: Professional Striker]]

'''References'''
<references />{{AirManufacturer Arsenal}}
{{France twin-engine fighters and attackers}}

Ki-84 ko (China)

2021-08-07T21:30:45Z

U24720395: Armaments expanded

{{About
| about = premium Chinese fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = the Japanese version
| link-1 = Ki-84 ko
| usage-2 = other versions
| link-2 = Ki-84 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ki_84_ko_china
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} Chinese fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.93 "Shark Attack"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

Equipped with a 2,000 hp engine, this aircraft's performance is on par with that of the legendary P-51 Mustang. However, unlike the Mustang, the Ki-84 has slightly better turning characteristics and climb rate thanks to its lighter weight. This being said, the Ki-84 also has good energy retention, so try to make your opponent bleed energy to have an edge. The Ki-84 was also one of the first mass-produced Japanese aircraft to come equipped with armoured glass, armour plates and self-sealing fuel tanks, but the armour is still lacklustre compared to its Russian and American counterparts. However, as always, not everything is perfect. The aircraft controls stiffen significantly at speeds above 630 km/h, making even slight adjustments to heading impossible. Thus, at higher speeds, its elevator suffers. The Ki-84 also suffers a lot when no modules are researched, making the aircraft almost useless until modifications are unlocked.

This aircraft should be played as it appears: a lightweight Japanese version of the Mustang, retaining good engine performance, decent climb-rate, high diving performance, but relatively lacklustre armament.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 669 || 650 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 20.2 || 20.8 || 14.1 || 14.1 || rowspan="2" | 421
|-
! Upgraded
| 719 || 692 || 19.1 || 19.4 || 22.6 || 17.9
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 470 || 431 || 280 || ~13 || ~10
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 400 || < 480 || < 430 || > 324
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 2,000 m || 1,875 hp || 2,100 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,300 m || 1,675 hp || 1,876 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 6 mm steel behind pilot's head
* 13 mm steel behind pilot
* 70 mm bulletproof glass in front of pilot
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 under pilot's feet, 1 in each wingroot)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Ho-5 (20 mm)|Ho-103 (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm Ho-5 cannons, wing-mounted (150 rpg = 300 total)
* 2 x 12.7 mm Ho-103 machine guns, nose-mounted (350 rpg = 700 total)

Wing mounted cannons require the pilot to align the target of the rounds by the gun targeting distance. The weak weaponry and limited ammunition narrow the window of opportunity for hits on critical components. Shorter engagement distances of sub 300 metres and attacking less defensive targets such as fighters instead of bombers and heavy fighters is recommended.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|Army Type 94 GPHE (50 kg)|Army Type 92 GPHE (250 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 50 kg Army Type 94 GPHE bombs (100 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg Army Type 92 GPHE bombs (500 kg total)

The Ki-84 being an energy fighter is not suited to carrying large loadout configurations, though auxiliary ordnance can be equipped to support basic ground attack capabilities. Up to 500kg bombs allow the destruction of light armoured vehicles and battlefield emplacements.

== Usage in battles ==

'''Realistic Battles'''

The strong rate of climb of this fighter allows for a significant altitude advantage to be made in the beginning of battles. As this fighter is usually paired with the Soviets against the Japanese, make sure to utilise this advantage as your Soviet teammates and many of the Japanese fighters that you will encounter will be unable to climb as high as you. However, if German aircraft are present in the opposing team be cautious of climbing too high as they will be able to easily gain an altitude advantage over you.

When encountering Japanese Zeroes (i.e. the A6M5) do not attempt to "turn-fight" them. Instead, maintain your energy with a typical boom and zoom technique as they will be unable to match your altitudes. The [[N1K (Family)|N1K2 series]] and the [[Bf 109 (Family)|Bf 109 series]] have greater rates of climb, but handle slightly worse at lower speeds, hence it is suggested that you should attempt to burn both your opponent's and your own energy using climbing corkscrew manoeuvres to bring both of you into your optimal fighting altitude (~4,000 m) at your best operating speed (< 400 km/h). Here you are more manoeuvrable and have a better chance at taking out these fast aircraft.

Due to your fairly weak weaponry, it is not advised to chase after heavily armoured bombers and instead focus on fighting enemy fighters. A potential approach is to support allied aircraft by maintaining a high altitude above them, preventing enemy aircraft from diving on top of your allies as you can control the airspace directly above them.

'''Simulator Battles'''

In Simulator, the Ki-84 is overall a decent plane to fly. It enjoys lovely visibility towards the rear, sides, above, and over the nose, giving the pilot great situational awareness. It has nice handling, good climb rate, great speed and acceleration. Armament-wise, the guns have enough fire rate to put quite a few projectiles into the target in one pass. However the Ki-84's disadvantages are the limited damage, rudder efficiency at high speeds, the rather poor roll rate, and the compass at the front-right of the gunsight that can obstruct your view. This aircraft can be used in BnZ fighting, turn fighting, intercepting (to some extent) and some ground pounding.

Before taking off, bring at least 30 minutes of fuel for longer patrol time. Set the convergence to around 250 m since your weapons have low velocity, therefore needing more precise aim at longer range. While your Ki-84 roars down the runway, you will notice that it shifts severely to the left, thus you must put rudder input to the right to taxi straight. As with other Ki series aircraft, only elevator trim is available, so when the stick is at its deadzone, the Ki-84 will roll and yaw to the left side. Therefore you always need to pull the stick a little to the right which can get a bit annoying. Usually, trim for around -1% when cruising around 470 km/h, around -5% when diving around 600 km/h, and when fighting at around 400 km/h no negative trim is needed. When carrying the 2x 250kg bombload, no negative trim is needed as well. Landing characteristics are forgiving: cut throttle to make sure you are not above 350 km/h before touchdown. Deploy combat then takeoff flaps to further decelerate in preparation for extending landing gears. Extend at around 260 km/h, control your descend rate throughout. Right before touchdown, deploy landing flaps. The gears are quite sturdy. You can break until the plane reaches full stop and not worry about propeller strike.

For dogfighting, it is always safer to enter with an altitude advantage. Most dogfights in Sim happen around or below 3,000 m so the Ki-84 can easily climb up to that altitude. Once at an advantageous height, boom & zoom the enemies. The Ki-84 can easily accelerate to more than 550 km/h in a dive which is decently fast but requires more precise manoeuvres to get the correct lead, since the faster you go the smaller the shooting window is. Important note: when fighting above 550 km/h, you want to be more precise in the roll and pitch axis, since at this speed the rudder locks up severely, preventing you from making aim adjustments which negatively impacts the lead. You must pretend that your rudder doesn't exist and fully rely on the ailerons and elevators to lead. A successful pass will not usually cripple the enemy given the projectiles' lacklustre damage, so multiple attacks are needed to destroy one plane. Aside from BnZ, the Ki-84 is also excellent at turn fighting - with the appropriate opponent, of course. Except a few dedicated turn fighters, the Ki-84 can out-turn and get on most opponents' tail with combat/takeoff flaps deployed, and can sustain its turning ability throughout the fight. The Ki-84's stable handling allows you to pull some tight manoeuvres, so don't worry too much about flat spins. If you become a prey, try some defensive manoeuvres like barrel rolls or disengage by diving steeply towards a nearby friendly airfield. Note that the Ki-84's roll rate is very average so avoid manoeuvres like scissors.

When performing the "destroy enemy surveillance aircraft/attackers/bombers" task, it is crucial to constantly evade the turrets. If it is a bomber/attacker with decent defensive firepower or robust protection, then you might want to disengage after some attempts if you don't want to die. Pay special attention to any plane equipped with M2 Browning MG, they can critically damage the Ki-84 especially on the engine, fuel tanks, and pilot which can always lead to a later crash. Before attacking try to get an altitude advantage and perform deflection shots. To maximise the damage it is better to aim for their wings and engines, as the fuselage usually soaks up quite some bullets. Only fire when the bomber passes in front of your guns. This short window is not enough to cripple a twin-engine aircraft given the slow velocity, light projectiles and low one-second burst mass. However sometimes it only takes one bullet to set the target aflame. DO NOT follow behind a bomber's 6 unless you are sure that its tail gunners are unconscious. Chasing behind a bomber makes yourself pretty much stationary for the tail gunners, and you will be showered with bullets.

For ground pounding, the best loadout is the 2 x 250 kg bombs. With an extra 500 kg of weight attached outside, the Ki-84 handles much clumsier during take offs, especially on the roll axis. Longer distance is needed before lifting off. It is quite easy to drop bombs accurately with a Ki-84 because this aircraft is able to quickly accelerate above 550 km/h in a dive, the bombs will travel an almost straight line towards the target, therefore you can aim the gunsight directly at the target and expect the bombs to land very close. After bombs away, immediately pull up. The 2 MGs perform well in killing trucks, AA guns and artilleries as they have plenty of ammo, but avoid wasting cannon shells. However, constantly watch your surrounding, especially your high 6 for any incoming enemies.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

* [[Me 264]]: The Me 264 is armed with large calibre MG and cannons all over it, therefore tailing a 264 is basically suicide unless all of their gunners are knocked out. You can treat the 264 almost like a B-29 or B-17 as they are very similar in both design and defensive capabilities. It is best to head-on the 264 if you can as you can easily knock out the pilots due to its glazed nose while also taking minimal damage. However the bomber lacks a ventral turret on its belly, making it easy to deal damage from below, but be wary of the downwards facing rear 20 mm cannon near the tail. The safest way to attack is from a higher altitude, dive at an oblique angle and focus fire on the wings and nose. Never engage if you have no altitude advantage. Looking somewhat similar to a B-17, an Me 264 has huge back-swept wings with 2 engines on each, and a H-tail which differentiates it from a B-17/B-29.
* [[Yak-3 (Family)|Yak-3]]: this is a capable dogfighter or BnZ fighter that can be a huge threat. Although its firepower is not deadly, it can still critically damage a Ki-84. It is able to fly or dive at similar speeds, and can even engage a turn fight with a Ki-84 that is using takeoff flaps. The Yak-3 has a straight dorsal line housing an inline engine, a bubble canopy with a huge cooling intake sticking out the belly, and its symbolic, triangular wings.
* [[A6M (Family)|A6M]], [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfire]], etc: If you see these turn fighters on your tail try outrunning them by diving at around -40 degrees. The Ki-84 still remains responsive handling at 600 km/h, but its speed retention is not the best, meaning it will start to lose speed quickly and the enemy might catch up. If you are near a friendly airfield, great. If not, then hope for the best and run towards the friendly side. A Spitfire also has an uncurved dorsal outline and large, elliptical wings. A Zero has a radial engine that's usually painted black, rounded wingtips and stabiliser tips followed by a pointy tail.
* [[Ju 288 C]]: this is a very common bomber in air RB. Their tactics generally fall into two styles: shallow dive bombing and conventional climbing. For the ones that shallow dive towards a bomb base at the start of the match, think twice before engaging. The Ju 288 is fast, being able to reach >500 km/h in a shallow dive which makes it quite hard for an attacker to BnZ it, as it will be slow to catch up to it, giving it long enough time to shoot back. The Ki-84 locks up past 550 km/h, plus the mediocre damage, it is best to leave it for heavy-punching teammates. As for the Ju 288 that climb, do not engage if you have no altitude advantage. It has numerous guns with great downward coverage, posing a big threat to the fragile Ki-84.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Strong rate of climb compared to other fighters such as the [[Ki-61 (Family)|Ki-61 series]] and the [[A7M2]]
* Effective top speed and energy retention allowing for the effective use of "boom and zoom" tactics
* Great acceleration allowing speed to be regained quickly after duels
* Reasonable performance at high altitude
* Maintains a high degree of manoeuvrability at lower speeds
* Jack of all trades: nimble yet quick while having a good degree of energy retention, allows this fighter to hold its own against any fighter that it may encounter
* Thanks to its lack of canopy frames, a clear all-round canopy view especially over the nose gives it a huge advantage in simulator.
* Center of mass is behind main landing gears, allowing it to break continuously until it stops. Does not need to worry about propeller strike
* Engine cools down fairly quickly when overheated

'''Cons:'''

* Not as manoeuvrable as the Japanese fighters that you will be facing at this tier, and struggles to contest the high altitudes of the Bf 109 series due to their superior rates of climb
* The "jack of all trades, master of none" character of this aircraft makes it difficult to play as pilots will need to adapt their play-style to counter specific aircraft that they are facing, subsequently requiring a fair degree of knowledge over the strengths and weaknesses of each aircraft that they will encounter
* The weapons feel fairly lacklustre, with the 20 mm cannons having a relatively low quantity of ammunition (at least compared to the 12.7 mm machine guns)
* Severe lock-up of the rudder above 500 km/h renders dive bombing or high speed boom and zoom less effective
* Elevator locks up at high speeds preventing optimal usage of its great energy retention
* A reasonably slow roll-rate causing this fighter to be vulnerable against Japanese fighters or the Fw 190's which are the typical opponents
* Fairly susceptible to damage with fires being particularly devastating to this light aircraft

== History ==


'''Production'''

Some of the Ki-84 Hayate was licensed producted in Fengtian (now Shenyang), China by Manshū Aircraft Company (in Japanese: 満州飛行機製造株式会社／まんしゅうひこうきせいぞうかぶしきがいしゃ Manshū Hikōki Seizō Kabushiki Gaisha) during the war. This company also producted [[Ki-27 otsu (China)|Ki-27]], [[Ki-43-III ko (China)|Ki-43]], [[Ki-44-II hei (China)|Ki-44]], [[Ki-45 hei/tei (China)|Ki-45]], [[Ki-61-I otsu (China)|Ki-61]] and many other aircraft for IJAAF.

'''Captured aircraft'''

After the Second World War, Ki-84s stationed in Nanking, Beijing and Hankow by the IJAAF were requisitioned by the Kuomintang’s China Air Force. The markings and unit insignia were painted over or crudely removed, stripping away the camouflage and leaving the metal structure visible. The Kuomintang white star on blue circle roundel was applied to the aircraft, and these aircraft were ready for use in the Chinese Civil War spanning 1945 to 1949. Use of the aircraft in combat is supported with little recognition and considering Chang Kai-Shek’s forces were receiving deliveries from the United States, it is believed that these aircraft were maintained as reserve aircraft, should supplies from the US have difficulties arriving.<ref name=":0">Wieliczko, L. (2005) ''Enigma: Nakajima Ki-84 Hayate''. Lublin: Kagero, pp. 63-75.</ref>

Alternately, Ki-84s were also requisitioned by the opposite faction of the Chinese Civil War, the People’s Liberation Army Air Force. These were seized from Manchuria and Northern China. Symbols representative of the PLAAF were applied to these aircraft and would establish these roundels as those which would represent the People's Republic of China’s Air Forces in future. Unlike the Kuomintang, these aircraft saw combat, though limited to ground attack missions. To better adopt Ki-84s into the PLAAF, the early period of the civil war saw Japanese pilots flying as demonstrators, instructing Chinese pilots and training mechanics on maintenance. This use would ultimately be limited by the lack of a producible parts supply and by the early 1950s, they were no longer a sustainable aircraft for the PLAAF thus disappearing from service.<ref name=":0" />

The Ki-84 was also captured by the United States immediately after the war, being thoroughly tested to draw comparisons against the [[P-47D-25|P-47 Thunderbolt]] and [[P-51D-30|P-51 Mustang]].<ref name=":0" />

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ki_84_ko_china Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|CBEmKedmvXw|'''The Ultimate Energy Fighter! Ki-84 Ko - China - Premium Review!''' - ''Jengar''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/111031-nakajima-ki-84-i-ko/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

=== References ===
<references />

{{AirManufacturer Nakajima}}
{{China fighters}}
{{China premium aircraft}}

Ki-84 ko (China)

2021-08-07T04:00:22Z

U24720395: History

{{About
| about = premium Chinese fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = the Japanese version
| link-1 = Ki-84 ko
| usage-2 = other versions
| link-2 = Ki-84 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ki_84_ko_china
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} Chinese fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.93 "Shark Attack"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

Equipped with a 2,000 hp engine, this aircraft's performance is on par with that of the legendary P-51 Mustang. However, unlike the Mustang, the Ki-84 has slightly better turning characteristics and climb rate thanks to its lighter weight. This being said, the Ki-84 also has good energy retention, so try to make your opponent bleed energy to have an edge. The Ki-84 was also one of the first mass-produced Japanese aircraft to come equipped with armoured glass, armour plates and self-sealing fuel tanks, but the armour is still lacklustre compared to its Russian and American counterparts. However, as always, not everything is perfect. The aircraft controls stiffen significantly at speeds above 630 km/h, making even slight adjustments to heading impossible. Thus, at higher speeds, its elevator suffers. The Ki-84 also suffers a lot when no modules are researched, making the aircraft almost useless until modifications are unlocked.

This aircraft should be played as it appears: a lightweight Japanese version of the Mustang, retaining good engine performance, decent climb-rate, high diving performance, but relatively lacklustre armament.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 669 || 650 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 20.2 || 20.8 || 14.1 || 14.1 || rowspan="2" | 421
|-
! Upgraded
| 719 || 692 || 19.1 || 19.4 || 22.6 || 17.9
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 470 || 431 || 280 || ~13 || ~10
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 400 || < 480 || < 430 || > 324
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 2,000 m || 1,875 hp || 2,100 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,300 m || 1,675 hp || 1,876 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 6 mm steel behind pilot's head
* 13 mm steel behind pilot
* 70 mm bulletproof glass in front of pilot
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 under pilot's feet, 1 in each wingroot)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Ho-5 (20 mm)|Ho-103 (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm Ho-5 cannons, wing-mounted (150 rpg = 300 total)
* 2 x 12.7 mm Ho-103 machine guns, nose-mounted (350 rpg = 700 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|Army Type 94 GPHE (50 kg)|Army Type 92 GPHE (250 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 50 kg Army Type 94 GPHE bombs (100 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg Army Type 92 GPHE bombs (500 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==

'''Realistic Battles'''

The strong rate of climb of this fighter allows for a significant altitude advantage to be made in the beginning of battles. As this fighter is usually paired with the Soviets against the Japanese, make sure to utilise this advantage as your Soviet teammates and many of the Japanese fighters that you will encounter will be unable to climb as high as you. However, if German aircraft are present in the opposing team be cautious of climbing too high as they will be able to easily gain an altitude advantage over you.

When encountering Japanese Zeroes (i.e. the A6M5) do not attempt to "turn-fight" them. Instead, maintain your energy with a typical boom and zoom technique as they will be unable to match your altitudes. The [[N1K (Family)|N1K2 series]] and the [[Bf 109 (Family)|Bf 109 series]] have greater rates of climb, but handle slightly worse at lower speeds, hence it is suggested that you should attempt to burn both your opponent's and your own energy using climbing corkscrew manoeuvres to bring both of you into your optimal fighting altitude (~4,000 m) at your best operating speed (< 400 km/h). Here you are more manoeuvrable and have a better chance at taking out these fast aircraft.

Due to your fairly weak weaponry, it is not advised to chase after heavily armoured bombers and instead focus on fighting enemy fighters. A potential approach is to support allied aircraft by maintaining a high altitude above them, preventing enemy aircraft from diving on top of your allies as you can control the airspace directly above them.

'''Simulator Battles'''

In Simulator, the Ki-84 is overall a decent plane to fly. It enjoys lovely visibility towards the rear, sides, above, and over the nose, giving the pilot great situational awareness. It has nice handling, good climb rate, great speed and acceleration. Armament-wise, the guns have enough fire rate to put quite a few projectiles into the target in one pass. However the Ki-84's disadvantages are the limited damage, rudder efficiency at high speeds, the rather poor roll rate, and the compass at the front-right of the gunsight that can obstruct your view. This aircraft can be used in BnZ fighting, turn fighting, intercepting (to some extent) and some ground pounding.

Before taking off, bring at least 30 minutes of fuel for longer patrol time. Set the convergence to around 250 m since your weapons have low velocity, therefore needing more precise aim at longer range. While your Ki-84 roars down the runway, you will notice that it shifts severely to the left, thus you must put rudder input to the right to taxi straight. As with other Ki series aircraft, only elevator trim is available, so when the stick is at its deadzone, the Ki-84 will roll and yaw to the left side. Therefore you always need to pull the stick a little to the right which can get a bit annoying. Usually, trim for around -1% when cruising around 470 km/h, around -5% when diving around 600 km/h, and when fighting at around 400 km/h no negative trim is needed. When carrying the 2x 250kg bombload, no negative trim is needed as well. Landing characteristics are forgiving: cut throttle to make sure you are not above 350 km/h before touchdown. Deploy combat then takeoff flaps to further decelerate in preparation for extending landing gears. Extend at around 260 km/h, control your descend rate throughout. Right before touchdown, deploy landing flaps. The gears are quite sturdy. You can break until the plane reaches full stop and not worry about propeller strike.

For dogfighting, it is always safer to enter with an altitude advantage. Most dogfights in Sim happen around or below 3,000 m so the Ki-84 can easily climb up to that altitude. Once at an advantageous height, boom & zoom the enemies. The Ki-84 can easily accelerate to more than 550 km/h in a dive which is decently fast but requires more precise manoeuvres to get the correct lead, since the faster you go the smaller the shooting window is. Important note: when fighting above 550 km/h, you want to be more precise in the roll and pitch axis, since at this speed the rudder locks up severely, preventing you from making aim adjustments which negatively impacts the lead. You must pretend that your rudder doesn't exist and fully rely on the ailerons and elevators to lead. A successful pass will not usually cripple the enemy given the projectiles' lacklustre damage, so multiple attacks are needed to destroy one plane. Aside from BnZ, the Ki-84 is also excellent at turn fighting - with the appropriate opponent, of course. Except a few dedicated turn fighters, the Ki-84 can out-turn and get on most opponents' tail with combat/takeoff flaps deployed, and can sustain its turning ability throughout the fight. The Ki-84's stable handling allows you to pull some tight manoeuvres, so don't worry too much about flat spins. If you become a prey, try some defensive manoeuvres like barrel rolls or disengage by diving steeply towards a nearby friendly airfield. Note that the Ki-84's roll rate is very average so avoid manoeuvres like scissors.

When performing the "destroy enemy surveillance aircraft/attackers/bombers" task, it is crucial to constantly evade the turrets. If it is a bomber/attacker with decent defensive firepower or robust protection, then you might want to disengage after some attempts if you don't want to die. Pay special attention to any plane equipped with M2 Browning MG, they can critically damage the Ki-84 especially on the engine, fuel tanks, and pilot which can always lead to a later crash. Before attacking try to get an altitude advantage and perform deflection shots. To maximise the damage it is better to aim for their wings and engines, as the fuselage usually soaks up quite some bullets. Only fire when the bomber passes in front of your guns. This short window is not enough to cripple a twin-engine aircraft given the slow velocity, light projectiles and low one-second burst mass. However sometimes it only takes one bullet to set the target aflame. DO NOT follow behind a bomber's 6 unless you are sure that its tail gunners are unconscious. Chasing behind a bomber makes yourself pretty much stationary for the tail gunners, and you will be showered with bullets.

For ground pounding, the best loadout is the 2 x 250 kg bombs. With an extra 500 kg of weight attached outside, the Ki-84 handles much clumsier during take offs, especially on the roll axis. Longer distance is needed before lifting off. It is quite easy to drop bombs accurately with a Ki-84 because this aircraft is able to quickly accelerate above 550 km/h in a dive, the bombs will travel an almost straight line towards the target, therefore you can aim the gunsight directly at the target and expect the bombs to land very close. After bombs away, immediately pull up. The 2 MGs perform well in killing trucks, AA guns and artilleries as they have plenty of ammo, but avoid wasting cannon shells. However, constantly watch your surrounding, especially your high 6 for any incoming enemies.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

* [[Me 264]]: The Me 264 is armed with large calibre MG and cannons all over it, therefore tailing a 264 is basically suicide unless all of their gunners are knocked out. You can treat the 264 almost like a B-29 or B-17 as they are very similar in both design and defensive capabilities. It is best to head-on the 264 if you can as you can easily knock out the pilots due to its glazed nose while also taking minimal damage. However the bomber lacks a ventral turret on its belly, making it easy to deal damage from below, but be wary of the downwards facing rear 20 mm cannon near the tail. The safest way to attack is from a higher altitude, dive at an oblique angle and focus fire on the wings and nose. Never engage if you have no altitude advantage. Looking somewhat similar to a B-17, an Me 264 has huge back-swept wings with 2 engines on each, and a H-tail which differentiates it from a B-17/B-29.
* [[Yak-3 (Family)|Yak-3]]: this is a capable dogfighter or BnZ fighter that can be a huge threat. Although its firepower is not deadly, it can still critically damage a Ki-84. It is able to fly or dive at similar speeds, and can even engage a turn fight with a Ki-84 that is using takeoff flaps. The Yak-3 has a straight dorsal line housing an inline engine, a bubble canopy with a huge cooling intake sticking out the belly, and its symbolic, triangular wings.
* [[A6M (Family)|A6M]], [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfire]], etc: If you see these turn fighters on your tail try outrunning them by diving at around -40 degrees. The Ki-84 still remains responsive handling at 600 km/h, but its speed retention is not the best, meaning it will start to lose speed quickly and the enemy might catch up. If you are near a friendly airfield, great. If not, then hope for the best and run towards the friendly side. A Spitfire also has an uncurved dorsal outline and large, elliptical wings. A Zero has a radial engine that's usually painted black, rounded wingtips and stabiliser tips followed by a pointy tail.
* [[Ju 288 C]]: this is a very common bomber in air RB. Their tactics generally fall into two styles: shallow dive bombing and conventional climbing. For the ones that shallow dive towards a bomb base at the start of the match, think twice before engaging. The Ju 288 is fast, being able to reach >500 km/h in a shallow dive which makes it quite hard for an attacker to BnZ it, as it will be slow to catch up to it, giving it long enough time to shoot back. The Ki-84 locks up past 550 km/h, plus the mediocre damage, it is best to leave it for heavy-punching teammates. As for the Ju 288 that climb, do not engage if you have no altitude advantage. It has numerous guns with great downward coverage, posing a big threat to the fragile Ki-84.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Strong rate of climb compared to other fighters such as the [[Ki-61 (Family)|Ki-61 series]] and the [[A7M2]]
* Effective top speed and energy retention allowing for the effective use of "boom and zoom" tactics
* Great acceleration allowing speed to be regained quickly after duels
* Reasonable performance at high altitude
* Maintains a high degree of manoeuvrability at lower speeds
* Jack of all trades: nimble yet quick while having a good degree of energy retention, allows this fighter to hold its own against any fighter that it may encounter
* Thanks to its lack of canopy frames, a clear all-round canopy view especially over the nose gives it a huge advantage in simulator.
* Center of mass is behind main landing gears, allowing it to break continuously until it stops. Does not need to worry about propeller strike
* Engine cools down fairly quickly when overheated

'''Cons:'''

* Not as manoeuvrable as the Japanese fighters that you will be facing at this tier, and struggles to contest the high altitudes of the Bf 109 series due to their superior rates of climb
* The "jack of all trades, master of none" character of this aircraft makes it difficult to play as pilots will need to adapt their play-style to counter specific aircraft that they are facing, subsequently requiring a fair degree of knowledge over the strengths and weaknesses of each aircraft that they will encounter
* The weapons feel fairly lacklustre, with the 20 mm cannons having a relatively low quantity of ammunition (at least compared to the 12.7 mm machine guns)
* Severe lock-up of the rudder above 500 km/h renders dive bombing or high speed boom and zoom less effective
* Elevator locks up at high speeds preventing optimal usage of its great energy retention
* A reasonably slow roll-rate causing this fighter to be vulnerable against Japanese fighters or the Fw 190's which are the typical opponents
* Fairly susceptible to damage with fires being particularly devastating to this light aircraft

== History ==


'''Production'''

Some of the Ki-84 Hayate was licensed producted in Fengtian (now Shenyang), China by Manshū Aircraft Company (in Japanese: 満州飛行機製造株式会社／まんしゅうひこうきせいぞうかぶしきがいしゃ Manshū Hikōki Seizō Kabushiki Gaisha) during the war. This company also producted [[Ki-27 otsu (China)|Ki-27]], [[Ki-43-III ko (China)|'''Ki-43-III''']], [[Ki-44-II hei (China)|'''Ki-44-II''']], [[Ki-45 hei/tei (China)|'''Ki-45 hei/tei''']], [[Ki-61-I otsu (China)|'''Ki-61-I''']] and many other aircraft for IJAAF.

'''Captured aircraft'''

After the Second World War, Ki-84s stationed in Nanking, Beijing and Hankow by the IJAAF were requisitioned by the Kuomintang’s China Air Force. The markings and unit insignia were painted over or crudely removed; stripping away the camouflage and leaving the metal structure visible. The Kuomintang white star on blue circle roundel was applied to the aircraft, and these aircraft were ready for use in the Chinese Civil War spanning 1945 to 1949. Use of the aircraft in combat is supported with little recognition and considering Chang Kai-Shek’s forces were receiving deliveries from the United States, it is believed that these aircraft were maintained as reserve aircraft, should supplies from the US have difficulties arriving.<ref name=":0">Wieliczko, L. (2005) ''Enigma: Nakajima Ki-84 Hayate''. Lublin: Kagero, pp. 63-75.</ref>

Alternately, Ki-84s were also requisitioned by the opposite faction of the aforementioned Chinese Civil War, the People’s Liberation Army Air Force. These were seized from Manchuria and northern China. Symbols representative of the PLAAF were applied to these aircraft and would establish these roundels as those which would represent the People's Republic of China’s Air Forces in future. Unlike the Kuomintang, these aircraft saw use, though limited to ground attack missions. To better adopt Ki-84s into the PLAAF, the early period of the civil war saw Japanese pilots flying as demonstrators, instructing Chinese pilots and training mechanics on maintenance. This use would ultimately be limited by the lack of a producible parts supply and by the early 1950s, they were no longer a sustainable aircraft for the PLAAF thus disappearing from service.<ref name=":0" />

The Ki-84 was also captured by the United States immediately after the war, being thoroughly tested to draw comparisons against the [[P-47D-25|P-47 Thunderbolt]] and [[P-51D-30|P-51 Mustang]].<ref name=":0" />

== Media ==
{{Youtube
| url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F9FL6xGoSv0
}}

== See also ==

* [[Ki-43 (Family)]]
* [[Ki-44 (Family)]]
* [[Ki-45 (Family)]]
* [[Ki-61 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/111031-nakajima-ki-84-i-ko/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
*
<references />

{{AirManufacturer Nakajima}}
{{China fighters}}
{{China premium aircraft}}

Sea Venom FAW 20

2021-03-20T22:55:10Z

U24720395:

{{About
|about= British naval jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage= the standard version
|link= Venom FB.4
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=sea_venom_faw20
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British naval jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.57 "Battle March"]].

The Sea Venom FAW.20 is a carrier-based jet fighter located in the British naval line after the [[Sea Hawk FGA.6]]. The Sea Venom has very good diving characteristics, good roll rate making it a notable defensive flyer, and decent speed characteristics for a jet of its battle rating. It should be played as a Boom & Zoom aircraft, and it's very important to keep its speed up as the acceleration is somewhat lacklustre.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}
The Sea Venom is a relatively light jet but heavy compared to other planes it will face, specially prop planes. Despite the high agility of the venom compared to other jet, it is really mediocre agaisnt prop planes as most of them will outturn you within seconds. It maintains energy much better than it is to turn, meaning the Sea Venom should be flown as a Boom and Zoom plane rather than a turn fighter. Its acceleration is impressive compared to other jets and almost superb to even prop planes. It should be noted that the venom will lose a tremendous amount of energy when trying to turn fight a plane. Fighting at sea level is the way to go of this plane as only couple planes, like the [[MiG-15 (Family)|MiG-15]] will be able to catch you up. Be aware of jets like [[Sea Hawk Mk.100]] as they have anti air missiles which will catch you up.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,048 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
|935||908|| rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 26.1 || 26.8 ||22.9||21.5|| rowspan="2" | 850
|-
! Upgraded
|1,033||985||24.2||25.0||33.5||28.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 425 || 393 || 320 || ~13 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 650 || < 640 || < 640 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | de Havilland Ghost-103 || 1
| colspan="2" | 4,520 kg || colspan="3" | 239 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max take off Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 33m fuel
|-
| 1,000 kg || colspan="2" | Centrifugal-flow turbojet
| 5,036 kg || 5,545 kg || 6,054 kg || 6,207 kg || 7,080 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 33m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 2,100 kgf || N/A
| 0.42 || 0.39 || 0.37 || 0.34 || 0.30
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 2,100 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.42 || 0.39 || 0.37 || 0.34 || 0.30
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 3 mm Steel plate under the jet engine.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

The engine is somewhat underpowered, so it is recommended to research compressor and engine modifications first for better acceleration and top speed.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Hispano Mk.V (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 20 mm Hispano Mk.V cannons, nose-mounted (150 rpg = 600 total)

== Usage in battles ==

The Sea Venom has a fully air fighting role as the lack of ordnance and penetration for the 20 mm cannons make the aircraft useless for CAS or ground attack. The Sea Venom has 2 primary combat roles, as well as 1 last resort:

'''Bomber hunter:'''

The radar, speed, acceleration, and firepower make this jet usable for bomber hunting, especially when on cloudy maps as many planes at the BR lack radar. Pilots should use 30° climb to gain speed and altitude to be able to hunt bombers (always use aircraft carrier take off when possible). Depending on the type of bomber that the Sea Venom encounters (jet bomber or prop bomber), tactics should vary.

'''''For jet bombers:'''''

[[Ar 234 B-2]], [[Ar 234 C-3]], [[IL-28]] (all variants), etc, the pilot must try to use their agility to their advantage as most of them carry both offensive and defensive weaponry and sometimes will try to dogfight you (with exception of Ar 234 B-2 and [[B-57A]]). IL-28 should be aproached carefully as the 23 mm offensive and defensive cannons can tear the Sea Venom apart with small bursts. Use your speed to your advantage.

'''''For prop bombers:'''''

[[B-29/Tu-4 (Family)|B-29/Tu-4]], etc, the pilot must use boom and zoom tactics as big planes lack agility but have powerful firepower. These aircraft should be approached as any other prop bomber (head-on or from below). Be aware of B-29 and Tu-4 as both have ventral turrets that will harm you, approach them in a head-on or in a frontal arc of 45° (blind spot for most turrets) or in a very steep angle from above (although this should not be the main angle of approach as both B-29 and Tu-4 have a turret elevation of 89°).

'''Air superiority fighter:'''

The Sea Venom is one of the fastest jets at its BR (909 km/h at sea level with no upgrades) and will outrun most planes when energy is kept. Do not attempt to turn fight as you will lose a tremendous amount of energy and most planes will outturn you ([[Ho 229 V3|Ho 229]], [[Kikka]], etc). Boom and zoom and do not be afraid of running, most planes will not be able to chase you. Do not attempt to outrun enemy jets when uptiered as aircraft like [[MiG-15 (Family)|MiG-15]] will catch you easily.

'''Bait'''':

This tactic should be a last resort when you are unable to take down any aircraft. The Sea Venom is a pretty easy target due to its small and tight cabin and small wingspan (although this can sometimes be beneficial) but can be used as bait for enemy planes for the same reason. Let friendlies deal with them while you grab their attention.

===Radars===
{{main|AI Mk. X}}
The sea venom is equipped with an [[AI Mk. X]] search radar, located in the nose of the aircraft.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | [[AI Mk. X]]
|-
! colspan="4" | Target Detection Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Detection Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Guaranteed Detection Range|The range, below which, detection of a target is practically guaranteed}}
! {{Annotation|Max Azimuth Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Max Elevation Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
|-
| 14,000 m || 8,500 m || ±75° || -20°/+40°
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Adequate ammo supply of 600 rounds (150 RPG)
* Able to land on carriers in case an airfield is not available
* Able to take off from carriers, allowing acceleration from 0 to 300 km/h in couple seconds
* Good turn time and roll rate
* Good at defensive flying
* Very good at diving with a high rip speed of 1,040 km/h IAS
* Retains energy well
* Low compression at high speeds
* Faster than most aircraft it faces when down-tiered
* Has access to a search radar (max range 18 km, fast sweep)

'''Cons:'''

* G-LOCs easily
* Does not prepare you well for top rank combat (for new top tier pilots in air realistic battles)
* No payload (for tank realistic battles)
* Subpar acceleration
* Rudder effectiveness is inadequate, due to small size

== History ==

==== Development ====
The Sea Venom, designed to succeed the de Havilland Sea Hornet, was the first all-weather jet-propelled fighter aircraft of the Royal Navy’s Fleet Air Arm. Initially without folding wings, the initial Sea Venom prototypes were trialled aboard HMS Illustrious in July 1951. After a further two years of testing, the Sea Venom F.A.W. 20 designation models entered production in March 1953, forty were constructed over two years, finishing in June 1955.<ref name=":0">Thetford, O. (1991) ''British Naval Aircraft since 1912''. London: Putnam Aeronautical Books, pp. 111-13.</ref>

Further Sea Venom developments culminated in the production of F.A.W. 21 and 22 variants, respectively. These variants made improvements to the control surfaces and canopy; and incorporated upgraded ejection seats and American manufactured radar. The Sea Venom made great strides in safety in many areas, examples include the strengthened catapult and arrestor hook capability which increased the safety of take off and landing; and the canopy advancements which allowed it to be jettisoned from the aircraft when submerged underwater. These were essential upgrades as the early F.A.W. Sea Venoms lacked any ejector seat at all which caused pilots great risk.<ref>Hobbs, D. (1992) ''Aircraft of the Royal Navy since 1945''. Liskeard: Maritime Books Duloe, p. 18.</ref>

Overall, 256 units of the de Havilland Sea Venom were produced and delivered to the Fleet Air Arm.<ref name=":0" />

==== Operation ====
During their service life, Sea Venoms saw significant combat. Their activity peaked with their involvement in the 1956 Suez Crisis, in which five squadrons of Sea Venoms conducted ground-strike sorties from their deployed carriers HMS Albion and HMS Eagle.<ref name=":0" />

Due to the all-weather nature of the aircraft, they were uniquely able to intercept jet bombers at night. Slight modifications to the breathing apparatus and oxygen distribution allowed the aircraft to reach these heights, though after the late mid-fifties they were decreasingly in consideration for interception duties.<ref>Jackson, A. (1987) ''De Havilland Aircraft since 1909''. London: Putnam Aeronautical Books, pp. 479-82.</ref>

The Sea Venom is also credited with the first operational firing of Firestreak infrared guided missiles by a Royal Navy fighter squadron aircraft, after successfully destroying drone targets in an exercise off the coast of Malta in 1959.

After the Sea Venom’s retirement from carrier service in 1960, it was subsequently replaced by the de Havilland Sea Vixen. It was retired from ground service at RNAS Yeovilton in October 1970.<ref name=":0" />

==== [[wt:en/devblog/current/876|Dev Blog]] ====
The carrier-based Sea Venom FAW.20 fighter appeared as a version of the two-seater (seats for the pilot and radar operator) ground-launched Venom NF.Mk2 fighter, fitted with radar equipment. At the request of the navy, the base interceptor was equipped with an arrestor hook, a “folding” mechanism to store the wings for convenient storage on aircraft carriers, and a tail bumper to protect the tail unit from strikes on the deck. The aircraft completed testing and went into service with the “all-weather fighter” designation (FAW – Fighter, All-Weather).

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/303447-de-havilland-sea-venom-faw20/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[wt:en/devblog/current/876|[DevBlog] Sea Venom FAW.20: Two-seat Jet-Fighter]]

{{AirManufacturer deHavilland}}
{{Britain jet aircraft}}
<references />

Sea Venom FAW 20

2021-03-20T22:54:25Z

U24720395: Cleanup

{{About
|about= British naval jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage= the standard version
|link= Venom FB.4
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=sea_venom_faw20
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British naval jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.57 "Battle March"]].

The Sea Venom FAW.20 is a carrier-based jet fighter located in the British naval line after the [[Sea Hawk FGA.6]]. The Sea Venom has very good diving characteristics, good roll rate making it a notable defensive flyer, and decent speed characteristics for a jet of its battle rating. It should be played as a Boom & Zoom aircraft, and it's very important to keep its speed up as the acceleration is somewhat lacklustre.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}
The Sea Venom is a relatively light jet but heavy compared to other planes it will face, specially prop planes. Despite the high agility of the venom compared to other jet, it is really mediocre agaisnt prop planes as most of them will outturn you within seconds. It maintains energy much better than it is to turn, meaning the Sea Venom should be flown as a Boom and Zoom plane rather than a turn fighter. Its acceleration is impressive compared to other jets and almost superb to even prop planes. It should be noted that the venom will lose a tremendous amount of energy when trying to turn fight a plane. Fighting at sea level is the way to go of this plane as only couple planes, like the [[MiG-15 (Family)|MiG-15]] will be able to catch you up. Be aware of jets like [[Sea Hawk Mk.100]] as they have anti air missiles which will catch you up.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,048 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
|935||908|| rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 26.1 || 26.8 ||22.9||21.5|| rowspan="2" | 850
|-
! Upgraded
|1,033||985||24.2||25.0||33.5||28.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 425 || 393 || 320 || ~13 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 650 || < 640 || < 640 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | de Havilland Ghost-103 || 1
| colspan="2" | 4,520 kg || colspan="3" | 239 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max take off Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 33m fuel
|-
| 1,000 kg || colspan="2" | Centrifugal-flow turbojet
| 5,036 kg || 5,545 kg || 6,054 kg || 6,207 kg || 7,080 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 33m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 2,100 kgf || N/A
| 0.42 || 0.39 || 0.37 || 0.34 || 0.30
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 2,100 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.42 || 0.39 || 0.37 || 0.34 || 0.30
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 3 mm Steel plate under the jet engine.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

The engine is somewhat underpowered, so it is recommended to research compressor and engine modifications first for better acceleration and top speed.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Hispano Mk.V (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 20 mm Hispano Mk.V cannons, nose-mounted (150 rpg = 600 total)

== Usage in battles ==

The Sea Venom has a fully air fighting role as the lack of ordnance and penetration for the 20 mm cannons make the aircraft useless for CAS or ground attack. The Sea Venom has 2 primary combat roles, as well as 1 last resort:

'''Bomber hunter:'''

The radar, speed, acceleration, and firepower make this jet usable for bomber hunting, especially when on cloudy maps as many planes at the BR lack radar. Pilots should use 30° climb to gain speed and altitude to be able to hunt bombers (always use aircraft carrier take off when possible). Depending on the type of bomber that the Sea Venom encounters (jet bomber or prop bomber), tactics should vary.

'''''For jet bombers:'''''

[[Ar 234 B-2]], [[Ar 234 C-3]], [[IL-28]] (all variants), etc, the pilot must try to use their agility to their advantage as most of them carry both offensive and defensive weaponry and sometimes will try to dogfight you (with exception of Ar 234 B-2 and [[B-57A]]). IL-28 should be aproached carefully as the 23 mm offensive and defensive cannons can tear the Sea Venom apart with small bursts. Use your speed to your advantage.

'''''For prop bombers:'''''

[[B-29/Tu-4 (Family)|B-29/Tu-4]], etc, the pilot must use boom and zoom tactics as big planes lack agility but have powerful firepower. These aircraft should be approached as any other prop bomber (head-on or from below). Be aware of B-29 and Tu-4 as both have ventral turrets that will harm you, approach them in a head-on or in a frontal arc of 45° (blind spot for most turrets) or in a very steep angle from above (although this should not be the main angle of approach as both B-29 and Tu-4 have a turret elevation of 89°).

'''Air superiority fighter:'''

The Sea Venom is one of the fastest jets at its BR (909 km/h at sea level with no upgrades) and will outrun most planes when energy is kept. Do not attempt to turn fight as you will lose a tremendous amount of energy and most planes will outturn you ([[Ho 229 V3|Ho 229]], [[Kikka]], etc). Boom and zoom and do not be afraid of running, most planes will not be able to chase you. Do not attempt to outrun enemy jets when uptiered as aircraft like [[MiG-15 (Family)|MiG-15]] will catch you easily.

'''Bait'''':

This tactic should be a last resort when you are unable to take down any aircraft. The Sea Venom is a pretty easy target due to its small and tight cabin and small wingspan (although this can sometimes be beneficial) but can be used as bait for enemy planes for the same reason. Let friendlies deal with them while you grab their attention.

===Radars===
{{main|AI Mk. X}}
The sea venom is equipped with an [[AI Mk. X]] search radar, located in the nose of the aircraft.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | [[AI Mk. X]]
|-
! colspan="4" | Target Detection Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Detection Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Guaranteed Detection Range|The range, below which, detection of a target is practically guaranteed}}
! {{Annotation|Max Azimuth Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Max Elevation Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
|-
| 14,000 m || 8,500 m || ±75° || -20°/+40°
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Adequate ammo supply of 600 rounds (150 RPG)
* Able to land on carriers in case an airfield is not available
* Able to take off from carriers, allowing acceleration from 0 to 300 km/h in couple seconds
* Good turn time and roll rate
* Good at defensive flying
* Very good at diving with a high rip speed of 1,040 km/h IAS
* Retains energy well
* Low compression at high speeds
* Faster than most aircraft it faces when down-tiered
* Has access to a search radar (max range 18 km, fast sweep)

'''Cons:'''

* G-LOCs easily
* Does not prepare you well for top rank combat (for new top tier pilots in air realistic battles)
* No payload (for tank realistic battles)
* Subpar acceleration
* Rudder effectiveness is inadequate, due to small size

== History ==

==== Development ====
The Sea Venom, designed to succeed the de Havilland Sea Hornet, was the first all-weather jet-propelled fighter aircraft of the Royal Navy’s Fleet Air Arm. Initially without folding wings, the initial Sea Venom prototypes were trialled aboard HMS Illustrious in July 1951. After a further two years of testing, the Sea Venom F.A.W. 20 designation models entered production in March 1953, forty were constructed over two years, finishing in June 1955.<ref name=":0">Thetford, O. (1991) ''British Naval Aircraft since 1912''. London: Putnam Aeronautical Books, pp. 111-13.</ref>

Further Sea Venom developments culminated in the production of F.A.W. 21 and 22 variants, respectively. These variants made improvements to the control surfaces and canopy; and incorporated upgraded ejection seats and American manufactured radar. The Sea Venom made great strides in safety in many areas, examples include the strengthened catapult and arrestor hook capability which increased the safety of take off and landing; and the canopy advancements which allowed it to be jettisoned from the aircraft when submerged underwater. These were essential upgrades as the early F.A.W. Sea Venoms lacked any ejector seat at all which caused pilots great risk.<ref>Hobbs, D. (1992) ''Aircraft of the Royal Navy since 1945''. Liskeard: Maritime Books Duloe, p. 18.</ref>

Overall, 256 units of the de Havilland Sea Venom were produced and delivered to the Fleet Air Arm.<ref name=":0" />

==== Operation ====
During their service life, Sea Venoms saw significant combat. Their activity peaked with their involvement in the 1956 Suez Crisis, in which five squadrons of Sea Venoms conducted ground-strike sorties from their deployed carriers HMS Albion and HMS Eagle.<ref name=":0" />

Due to the all-weather nature of the aircraft, they were uniquely able to intercept jet bombers at night. Slight modifications to the breathing apparatus and oxygen distribution allowed the aircraft to reach these heights, though after the late mid-fifties they were decreasingly in consideration for interception duties.<ref>Jackson, A. (1987) ''De Havilland Aircraft since 1909''. London: Putnam Aeronautical Books, pp. 479-82.</ref>

The Sea Venom is also credited with the first operational firing of Firestreak infrared guided missiles by a Royal Navy fighter squadron aircraft, after successfully destroying drone targets in an exercise off the coast of Malta in 1959.

After the Sea Venom’s retirement from carrier service in 1960, it was subsequently replaced by the de Havilland Sea Vixen. It was retired from ground service at RNAS Yeovilton in October 1970.<ref name=":0" />

==== [[wt:en/devblog/current/876|Dev Blog]] ====
The carrier-based Sea Venom FAW.20 fighter appeared as a version of the two-seater (seats for the pilot and radar operator) ground-launched Venom NF.Mk2 fighter, fitted with radar equipment. At the request of the navy, the base interceptor was equipped with an arrestor hook, a “folding” mechanism to store the wings for convenient storage on aircraft carriers, and a tail bumper to protect the tail unit from strikes on the deck. The aircraft completed testing and went into service with the “all-weather fighter” designation (FAW – Fighter, All-Weather).

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/303447-de-havilland-sea-venom-faw20/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[wt:en/devblog/current/876|[DevBlog] Sea Venom FAW.20: Two-seat Jet-Fighter]]

{{AirManufacturer deHavilland}}
{{Britain jet aircraft}}
<references />

Sea Venom FAW 20

2021-03-20T22:53:51Z

U24720395: History added

{{About
|about= British naval jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage= the standard version
|link= Venom FB.4
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=sea_venom_faw20
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British naval jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.57 "Battle March"]].

The Sea Venom FAW.20 is a carrier-based jet fighter located in the British naval line after the [[Sea Hawk FGA.6]]. The Sea Venom has very good diving characteristics, good roll rate making it a notable defensive flyer, and decent speed characteristics for a jet of its battle rating. It should be played as a Boom & Zoom aircraft, and it's very important to keep its speed up as the acceleration is somewhat lacklustre.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}
The Sea Venom is a relatively light jet but heavy compared to other planes it will face, specially prop planes. Despite the high agility of the venom compared to other jet, it is really mediocre agaisnt prop planes as most of them will outturn you within seconds. It maintains energy much better than it is to turn, meaning the Sea Venom should be flown as a Boom and Zoom plane rather than a turn fighter. Its acceleration is impressive compared to other jets and almost superb to even prop planes. It should be noted that the venom will lose a tremendous amount of energy when trying to turn fight a plane. Fighting at sea level is the way to go of this plane as only couple planes, like the [[MiG-15 (Family)|MiG-15]] will be able to catch you up. Be aware of jets like [[Sea Hawk Mk.100]] as they have anti air missiles which will catch you up.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,048 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
|935||908|| rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 26.1 || 26.8 ||22.9||21.5|| rowspan="2" | 850
|-
! Upgraded
|1,033||985||24.2||25.0||33.5||28.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 425 || 393 || 320 || ~13 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 650 || < 640 || < 640 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | de Havilland Ghost-103 || 1
| colspan="2" | 4,520 kg || colspan="3" | 239 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max take off Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 33m fuel
|-
| 1,000 kg || colspan="2" | Centrifugal-flow turbojet
| 5,036 kg || 5,545 kg || 6,054 kg || 6,207 kg || 7,080 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 33m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 2,100 kgf || N/A
| 0.42 || 0.39 || 0.37 || 0.34 || 0.30
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 2,100 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.42 || 0.39 || 0.37 || 0.34 || 0.30
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 3 mm Steel plate under the jet engine.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

The engine is somewhat underpowered, so it is recommended to research compressor and engine modifications first for better acceleration and top speed.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Hispano Mk.V (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 20 mm Hispano Mk.V cannons, nose-mounted (150 rpg = 600 total)

== Usage in battles ==

The Sea Venom has a fully air fighting role as the lack of ordnance and penetration for the 20 mm cannons make the aircraft useless for CAS or ground attack. The Sea Venom has 2 primary combat roles, as well as 1 last resort:

'''Bomber hunter:'''

The radar, speed, acceleration, and firepower make this jet usable for bomber hunting, especially when on cloudy maps as many planes at the BR lack radar. Pilots should use 30° climb to gain speed and altitude to be able to hunt bombers (always use aircraft carrier take off when possible). Depending on the type of bomber that the Sea Venom encounters (jet bomber or prop bomber), tactics should vary.

'''''For jet bombers:'''''

[[Ar 234 B-2]], [[Ar 234 C-3]], [[IL-28]] (all variants), etc, the pilot must try to use their agility to their advantage as most of them carry both offensive and defensive weaponry and sometimes will try to dogfight you (with exception of Ar 234 B-2 and [[B-57A]]). IL-28 should be aproached carefully as the 23 mm offensive and defensive cannons can tear the Sea Venom apart with small bursts. Use your speed to your advantage.

'''''For prop bombers:'''''

[[B-29/Tu-4 (Family)|B-29/Tu-4]], etc, the pilot must use boom and zoom tactics as big planes lack agility but have powerful firepower. These aircraft should be approached as any other prop bomber (head-on or from below). Be aware of B-29 and Tu-4 as both have ventral turrets that will harm you, approach them in a head-on or in a frontal arc of 45° (blind spot for most turrets) or in a very steep angle from above (although this should not be the main angle of approach as both B-29 and Tu-4 have a turret elevation of 89°).

'''Air superiority fighter:'''

The Sea Venom is one of the fastest jets at its BR (909 km/h at sea level with no upgrades) and will outrun most planes when energy is kept. Do not attempt to turn fight as you will lose a tremendous amount of energy and most planes will outturn you ([[Ho 229 V3|Ho 229]], [[Kikka]], etc). Boom and zoom and do not be afraid of running, most planes will not be able to chase you. Do not attempt to outrun enemy jets when uptiered as aircraft like [[MiG-15 (Family)|MiG-15]] will catch you easily.

'''Bait'''':

This tactic should be a last resort when you are unable to take down any aircraft. The Sea Venom is a pretty easy target due to its small and tight cabin and small wingspan (although this can sometimes be beneficial) but can be used as bait for enemy planes for the same reason. Let friendlies deal with them while you grab their attention.

===Radars===
{{main|AI Mk. X}}
The sea venom is equipped with an [[AI Mk. X]] search radar, located in the nose of the aircraft.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | [[AI Mk. X]]
|-
! colspan="4" | Target Detection Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Detection Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Guaranteed Detection Range|The range, below which, detection of a target is practically guaranteed}}
! {{Annotation|Max Azimuth Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Max Elevation Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
|-
| 14,000 m || 8,500 m || ±75° || -20°/+40°
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Adequate ammo supply of 600 rounds (150 RPG)
* Able to land on carriers in case an airfield is not available
* Able to take off from carriers, allowing acceleration from 0 to 300 km/h in couple seconds
* Good turn time and roll rate
* Good at defensive flying
* Very good at diving with a high rip speed of 1,040 km/h IAS
* Retains energy well
* Low compression at high speeds
* Faster than most aircraft it faces when down-tiered
* Has access to a search radar (max range 18 km, fast sweep)

'''Cons:'''

* G-LOCs easily
* Does not prepare you well for top rank combat (for new top tier pilots in air realistic battles)
* No payload (for tank realistic battles)
* Subpar acceleration
* Rudder effectiveness is inadequate, due to small size

== History ==

==== Development ====
The Sea Venom, designed to succeed the de Havilland Sea Hornet, was the first all-weather jet-propelled fighter aircraft of the Royal Navy’s Fleet Air Arm. Initially without folding wings, the initial Sea Venom prototypes were trialled aboard HMS Illustrious in July 1951. After a further two years of testing, the Sea Venom F.A.W. 20 designation models entered production in March 1953, forty were constructed over two years, finishing in June 1955.<ref name=":0">Thetford, O. (1991) ''British Naval Aircraft since 1912''. London: Putnam Aeronautical Books, pp. 111-13.</ref>

Further Sea Venom developments culminated in the production of F.A.W. 21 and 22 variants, respectively. These variants made improvements to the control surfaces and canopy; and incorporated upgraded ejection seats and American manufactured radar. The Sea Venom made great strides in safety in many areas, examples include the strengthened catapult and arrestor hook capability which increased the safety of take off and landing; and the canopy advancements which allowed it to be jettisoned from the aircraft when submerged underwater. These were essential upgrades as the early F.A.W. Sea Venoms lacked any ejector seat at all which caused pilots great risk.<ref>Hobbs, D. (1992) ''Aircraft of the Royal Navy since 1945''. Liskeard: Maritime Books Duloe, p. 18.</ref>

Overall, 256 units of the de Havilland Sea Venom were produced and delivered to the Fleet Air Arm.<ref name=":0" />

==== Operation ====
During their service life, Sea Venoms saw significant combat. Their activity peaked with their involvement in the 1956 Suez Crisis, in which five squadrons of Sea Venoms conducted ground-strike sorties from their deployed carriers HMS Albion and HMS Eagle.<ref name=":0" />

Due to the all-weather nature of the aircraft, they were uniquely able to intercept jet bombers at night. Slight modifications to the breathing apparatus and oxygen distribution allowed the aircraft to reach these heights, though after the late mid-fifties they were decreasingly in consideration for interception duties.<ref>Jackson, A. (1987) ''De Havilland Aircraft since 1909''. London: Putnam Aeronautical Books, pp. 479-82.</ref>

The Sea Venom is also credited with the first operational firing of Firestreak infrared guided missiles by a Royal Navy fighter squadron aircraft, after successfully destroying drone targets in an exercise off the coast of Malta in 1959.

After the Sea Venom’s retirement from carrier service in 1960, it was subsequently replaced by the de Havilland Sea Vixen. It was retired from ground service at RNAS Yeovilton in October 1970.<ref name=":0" />

==== [[wt:en/devblog/current/876|/Dev Blog]] ====
The carrier-based Sea Venom FAW.20 fighter appeared as a version of the two-seater (seats for the pilot and radar operator) ground-launched Venom NF.Mk2 fighter, fitted with radar equipment. At the request of the navy, the base interceptor was equipped with an arrestor hook, a “folding” mechanism to store the wings for convenient storage on aircraft carriers, and a tail bumper to protect the tail unit from strikes on the deck. The aircraft completed testing and went into service with the “all-weather fighter” designation (FAW – Fighter, All-Weather).

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/303447-de-havilland-sea-venom-faw20/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[wt:en/devblog/current/876|[DevBlog] Sea Venom FAW.20: Two-seat Jet-Fighter]]

{{AirManufacturer deHavilland}}
{{Britain jet aircraft}}

Scimitar F Mk.1

2020-08-03T18:06:49Z

U24720395: /* History Cleanup */

{{Specs-Card|code=scimitar_f1}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Starfighters"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===

[[File:Rudder Demonstration .png|thumb|''Full left yaw at 1,000 km/h'']]
The Scimitar F.1 is a relatively large and heavy aircraft, but it is still extremely capable because of its impressive engines. The Scimitar's two Rolls-Royce Avon 202 engines put out 4,650 kgf of thrust each, giving the Scimitar its fantastic climb rate of over 100 m/s. This outclasses similarly placed jets known for their climb rate (such as the [[MiG-15]]) by almost 2 times, and it's capable of gaining speed in a 45° climb. The impressive amount of power means that, assuming you aren't uptiered to 9.7, you will always be the first off the airfield and into combat. The Scimitar has a max speed of just over 1,160 km/h or mach 0.95 on the deck, enough to outrun anything at its BR, and even some missiles too.

The Scimitar turns surprisingly well for its size and weight, thanks to its all-flying tail, and large control surfaces. It will be able to hold its own in a turnfight with most, and can quickly accelerate out of trouble if needed. You should not be turning for too long, as the Scimitar still loses its energy quite quickly in a full turn.

However, we now come to the biggest con of the Scimitar: its rudder. The rudder will lock up gradually until about 700 km/h where it will lose 99% of its effect, making it unusable, and trying to turn or aim conventionally is impossible, often leading to the plane wobbling itself into an uncontrollable flatspin that you can't escape, because you have no rudder control. It is recommended because of this that you only engage low energy targets and use the element of surprise so they cannot evade. The Scimitar does get 4 x AIM-9B missiles, and these can be used on targets that use your lack of a rudder against you.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,156 || 1,152 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.4 || 32.2 || 84.3 || 78.3 || rowspan="2" | 1,000
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,170 || 1,163 || 29.4 || 30.0 || 122.4 || 102.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 650 || 637 || 447 || ~11 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 620 || < 450 || < 620 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | Empty mass || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Rolls-Royce Avon Mk.202 || 2
| colspan="2" | 11,722 kg || colspan="2" | 349 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 6m fuel || 20m fuel || 22m fuel
|-
| 1,175 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 12,817 kg || 15,341 kg || 15,702 kg || 19,731 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 6m fuel || 20m fuel || 22m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 4,652 kgf || N/A
| 0.73 || 0.61 || 0.59 || 0.47
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 4,855 kgf (1,100 km/h) || N/A
| 0.76 || 0.63 || 0.62 || 0.49
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===

The Scimitar has one glass 50 mm plate in front of the pilot, and one 12.7 mm steel plate behind the pilot. It has very low survivability because any wing damage will lead to a flatspin, due to its lack of rudder control.

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|ADEN (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 30 mm ADEN cannons, chin-mounted (160 rpg = 640 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I (1,000 lb)|AGM-12B Bullpup|AIM-9B Sidewinder|AP Mk II}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x 1,000 lb M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 24 x AP Mk II rockets
* 2 x 1,000 lb M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I bombs + 12 x AP Mk II rockets (2,000 lb total)
* 4 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AGM-12B Bullpup missiles
* 2 x AGM-12B Bullpup missiles + 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 2 x 1,000 lb M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I bombs + 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles (2,000 lb total)

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! Survivability
! colspan="2" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
|
|
| Offensive 30 mm
| 60 lb S.A.P. Mark I
|-
| II
| New boosters
| Compressor
| Airframe
|
| 1000 LB MC
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
|
| New 30 mm cannons
| AGM-12B Bullpup
|-
| IV
| G-suit
|
| Cover
|
| AIM-9B
|-
|}

The poor rudder of the Scimitar makes getting two modifications a high priority. The New boosters modification provides a noticeable improvement to the rudder control of the Scimitar and is your absolute top priority, as any rudder improvement you can get will make getting guns on target, and flying the aircraft in general, more bearable. Even with the New boosters modification getting guns on target can still be rather hard; therefore the next priority is AIM-9B missiles as they give you another way to kill enemy aircraft, which is less reliant on rudder control. Even stock the Scimitar exhibits very impressive flight performance for its battle rating, this means flight performance upgrades (with the exception of New boosters) are not as important as on other jets. Starting at tier 1, you will want to unlock the rockets (to start progressing towards AIM-9Bs), then at tier 2 unlock the New boosters modification and then the bombs. At tier three do your choice of flight performance modification followed by the Bullpups (unless you want the bullpups for Tank RB, in which case get them first); finally get the AIM-9Bs at tier 4. From here on you can unlock the remaining modifications according to user preference.

If you find unlocking modifications difficult due to the lack of rudder control then the stock ADEN belts are capable of killing light pillboxes / light ranks (and medium tanks with some more difficulty), allowing you to get a decent amount of RP per game through ground attack. The suspended armaments can also be used for ground attack or base bombing.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Possibly the fastest subsonic jet in the game, will reach 1,161 km/h (Mach 0.95) in level flight at sea level
* Has very good acceleration
* Has four ADEN cannons, which are some of the best guns in the game
* Lots of cannon ammo
* Has good ground attack capability and is currently the only British jet with air-to-ground missiles
* Gets four air-to-air missiles ([[AIM-9B]])
* It is practically impossible to break the wings off through over-speed as the aircraft stops accelerating due to drag before reaching the very high wing breaking speed
* It is very hard to break the wings by pulling positive Gs, generally wing breakage in the Scimitar only occurs when pulling negative Gs
* Capable of landing on carriers

'''Cons:'''

* Cannot make good use of its speed as rudder severely locks up at even moderately high speeds
* Combination of poor rudder and gun placement can make getting guns on target extremely hard
* Does not turn very well
* Asymmetric wing damage is liable to cause a non-recoverable flat spin

== History ==

'''Development and Operation'''

The Supermarine Scimitar was a naval strike aircraft with a limited production run for the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm. The Navy's specifications required the aircraft to be effective in a strike-fighter/attacker role which consisted of proficient manoeuvrability at low altitudes and a great deal of ordnance options for ground attack operations. Issues with the desired handling became apparent quickly as it was the heaviest aircraft to see service for the Fleet Air Arm; weighing 34,200 lb even before being equipped with four 1000 lb bombs or AGM-34 bullpup missile configurations. Nuclear capability was also planned for the aircraft though the use of a Red Beard nuclear bomb was uncertain and never fully realised.<ref name=":0">https://www.tangmere-museum.org.uk/aircraft-month/supermarine-scimitar</ref>

With aircraft carriers modernising, and the Royal Navy requiring an upgraded capability to strike at sea, the experimental aircraft took its maiden flight on the 31st of August 1951. The first prototype emerged, powered by significant thrust generating Rolls Royce Avon jet engines. 11,250 lb of thrust combined with flaps and a system to redirect the thrust downward with the use of small vent ports just in front of the flaps, pushed the stall speed back allowing for theoretically safer carrier landings and generally more dextrous low speed manoeuvres. This was a necessary innovation as most British carrier decks were short and snug due to the budget constraints. Scimitars remained on land at RAF bases whilst undergoing thorough testing for their safety and competency. The potency of the thrust from the Avon engines was proved when a pilot successfully managed to perform a take-off with the parking brake on. The third prototype design was the first to feature swept wings which would remain for the rest of the aircraft's short life.

By January 1957, testing began on the Royal Navy's flagship, HMS Ark Royal; and around the same time the first operational model would leave production. The aircraft already plagued with several incidents in testing, would see 803 Naval Air Squadron's wing commander lose his life in the Persian Sea after a brake failure caused the aircraft to fall overboard during a landing. Further adjustments were made to the delicate aircraft such as the method of launching it at an upward angle with the use of a 'bumper' on the back. It would hold the aircraft in place as it was hoisted skyward until the nose gear was suspended off the ground. This position allowed the noticeably weak catapults to launch the heavy weight of the aircraft.<ref name=":1">https://www.thunder-and-lightnings.co.uk/scimitar/history.php</ref>

The Scimitar never saw any combat though served operationally with the Royal Navy in the Persian Gulf to deter tensions developing from Iraq at the time. Some sorties were undertaken to test the capability of the aircraft's missile and rocket payloads, but live bombs were never sortied because of fears the risks were too great, and the training was too dangerous; therefore practice bombs were often used instead.<ref name=":1" />

'''Fate'''

The 100 orders for Supermarine Scimitars would ultimately never be fulfilled. Only 76 units were delivered, of which 39 were lost to non-combat accidents; therefore 51% of all Scimitars produced were lost. Moving forward the carrier-borne strike fighting role was undertaken by the de Havilland Sea Vampire. The Supermarine Scimitar would ultimately become a prize piece of engineering, spending the last of its years stunning in air show performances where it did succeed. The Scimitar had a short and constantly troubled history which looked doomed to failure from the beginning; the Royal Navy was subsequently deemed unable to operate such an intensive aircraft which required enormous cost, time, expertise and top spec equipment to allow its success in operations, none of which the Royal Navy had enough of at the time. On 19 October 1966, the Scimitar was retired from the Naval Air Squadron and in December of 1970 the last Scimitars flew, with pilots still avowing that the aircraft was 'a delight to fly'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|MPdcryL47sk|'''The Shooting Range #205''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:28 discusses the Scimitar F Mk.1.}}

== See also ==


* [[Hunter F.1]]
* [[Hunter F.6]]
* [[Swift F.7]]
* [[F3H-2]]
* [[F9F-8]]
* [[FJ-4B]] / [[FJ-4B VMF-232]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6730-development-scimitar-f-1-the-twin-engine-beast-en|[Devblog] Scimitar F.1: The Twin Engine Beast]]

=== References ===
<references />

{{AirManufacturer Supermarine}}
{{Britain jet aircraft}}

Scimitar F Mk.1

2020-08-03T04:29:12Z

U24720395: /* History */

{{Specs-Card|code=scimitar_f1}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Starfighters"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
[[File:Rudder Demonstration .png|thumb|''Full left yaw at 1000 kph'']]
The Scimitar F.1 is a relatively large and heavy aircraft, but it is still extremely capable because of its impressive engines. The Scimitar's two Rolls-Royce Avon 202 engines put out 4,650 kgf of thrust each, giving the Scimitar its fantastic climb rate of over 100 m/s. This outclasses similarly placed jets known for their climb rate (such as the [[MiG-15]]) by almost 2 times, and it's capable of gaining speed in a 45° climb. The impressive amount of power means that, assuming you aren't uptiered to 9.7, you will always be the first off the airfield and into combat. The Scimitar has a max speed of just over 1,160 km/h or mach 0.95 on the deck, enough to outrun anything at its BR, and even some missiles too.

The Scimitar turns surprisingly well for its size and weight, thanks to its all-flying tail, and large control surfaces. It will be able to hold its own in a turnfight with most, and can quickly accelerate out of trouble if needed. You should not be turning for too long, as the Scimitar still loses its energy quite quickly in a full turn.

However, we now come to the biggest con of the Scimitar: its rudder. The rudder will lock up gradually until about 700 km/h where it will lose 99% of its effect, making it unusable, and trying to turn or aim conventionally is impossible, often leading to the plane wobbling itself into an uncontrollable flatspin that you can't escape, because you have no rudder control. It is recommended because of this that you only engage low energy targets and use the element of surprise so they cannot evade. The Scimitar does get 4 x AIM-9B missiles, and these can be used on targets that use your lack of a rudder against you.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
|1,156||1,152|| rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} ||31.4||32.2||84.3||78.3|| rowspan="2" | 1,000
|-
! Upgraded
|1,170||1,163||29.4||30.0||122.4||102.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 650 || 637 || 447 || ~11 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 620 || < 450 || < 620 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | Empty mass || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Rolls-Royce Avon Mk.202 || 2
| colspan="2" | 11,722 kg || colspan="2" | 349 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 6m fuel || 20m fuel || 22m fuel
|-
| 1,175 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 12,817 kg || 15,341 kg || 15,702 kg || 19,731 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 6m fuel || 20m fuel || 22m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 4,652 kgf || N/A
| 0.73 || 0.61 || 0.59 || 0.47
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 4,855 kgf (1,100 km/h) || N/A
| 0.76 || 0.63 || 0.62 || 0.49
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===

The Scimitar has one glass 50 mm plate in front of the pilot, and one 12.7 mm steel plate behind the pilot. It has very low survivability because any wing damage will lead to a flatspin, due to its lack of rudder control.

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|ADEN (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 30 mm ADEN cannons, chin-mounted (160 rpg = 640 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I (1,000 lb)|AGM-12B Bullpup|AIM-9B Sidewinder|AP Mk II}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x 1,000 lb M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 24 x AP Mk II rockets
* 2 x 1,000 lb M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I bombs + 12 x AP Mk II rockets (2,000 lb total)
* 4 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AGM-12B Bullpup missiles
* 2 x AGM-12B Bullpup missiles + 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 2 x 1,000 lb M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I bombs + 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles (2,000 lb total)

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! Survivability
! colspan="2" | Weaponry
|-
| I
|Fuselage repair
|
|
|Offensive 30 mm
|60 lb S.A.P. Mark I
|-
| II
|New boosters
|Compressor
|Airframe
|
|1000 LB MC
|-
| III
|Wings repair
|Engine
|
|New 30 mm cannons
|AGM-12B Bullpup
|-
| IV
|G-suit
|
|Cover
|
|AIM-9B
|-
|}
The poor rudder of the Scimitar makes getting two modifications a high priority. The New boosters modification provides a noticeable improvement to the rudder control of the Scimitar and is your absolute top priority, as any rudder improvement you can get will make getting guns on target, and flying the aircraft in general, more bearable. Even with the New boosters modification getting guns on target can still be rather hard; therefore the next priority is AIM-9B missiles as they give you another way to kill enemy aircraft, which is less reliant on rudder control. Even stock the Scimitar exhibits very impressive flight performance for it's battle rating, this means flight performance upgrades (with the exception of New boosters) are not as important as on other jets. Starting at tier one you will want to unlock the rockets (to start progressing towards AIM-9Bs), then at tier two unlock the New boosters modification and then the bombs. At tier three do your choice of flight performance modification followed by the Bullpups (unless you want the bullpups for Tank RB, in which case get them first); finally get the AIM-9Bs at tier 4. From here on you can unlock the remaining modifications according to user preference.

If you find unlocking modifications difficult due to the lack of rudder control then the stock ADEN belts are capable of killing light pillboxes / light ranks (and medium tanks with some more difficulty), allowing you to get a decent amount of RP per game through ground attack. The suspended armaments can also be used for ground attack or base bombing.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Possibly the fastest subsonic jet in the game, will reach 1,161 km/h (Mach 0.95) in level flight at sea level
* Has very good acceleration
* Has four ADEN cannons, which are some of the best guns in the game
* Lots of cannon ammo
* Has good ground attack capability and is currently the only British jet with air-to-ground missiles
* Gets four air-to-air missiles ([[AIM-9B]])
* It is practically impossible to break the wings off through over-speed as the aircraft stops accelerating due to drag before reaching the very high wing breaking speed
* It is very hard to break the wings by pulling positive Gs, generally wing breakage in the Scimitar only occurs when pulling negative Gs
* Capable of landing on carriers

'''Cons:'''

* Cannot make good use of its speed as rudder severely locks up at even moderately high speeds
* Combination of poor rudder and gun placement can make getting guns on target extremely hard
* Does not turn very well
* Asymmetric wing damage is liable to cause a non-recoverable flat spin

== History ==
'''Development and Operation'''

The Supermarine Scimitar was a Naval Strike aircraft with a limited production run for the Royal Navy’s Fleet Air Arm. The Navy’s specifications required the aircraft to be effective in a strike-fighter/attacker role which consisted of proficient manoeuvrability at low altitudes and a great deal of ordnance options for ground attack operations. Issues with the desired handling became apparent quickly as it was the heaviest aircraft to see service for the Fleet Air Arm; weighing 34,200 lb even before equipped with four 1000lb bombs or AGM-34 bullpup missile configurations. Nuclear capability was also planned for the aircraft though the use of a Red Beard nuclear bomb was uncertain and never fully realised.<ref name=":0">https://www.tangmere-museum.org.uk/aircraft-month/supermarine-scimitar</ref>

With aircraft carriers modernising, and the Royal Navy requiring an upgraded capability to strike at sea, the experimental aircraft took its maiden flight on the 31st of August 1951. The first prototype emerged, powered by significant thrust generating Rolls Royce Avon jet engines; 11,250 lb of thrust combined with flaps and a system to redirect the thrust downward with the use of small vent ports just in front of the flaps pushed the stall speed back allowing for theoretically safer carrier landings and generally more dextrous low speed manoeuvres. This was a necessary innovation as most British carrier decks were short and snug due to the budget constraints. Scimitars remained on land RAF bases whilst undergoing thorough testing for their safety and competency. The potency of the thrust from the Avon engines was proved when a pilot successfully managed to perform a take-off with the parking brake on. The 3rd prototype design was the first to feature swept wings which would remain for the rest of the aircraft’s short life. By January 1957, testing began on the Royal Navy’s flagship, HMS Ark Royal; and around the same time the first operational model would leave production. The aircraft already plagued with several incidents in testing, would see 803 Naval Air Squadron’s wing commander lose his life in the Persian Sea after a brake failure cause the aircraft to fall overboard after a serious brake failure during a landing. Further adjustments were made to the delicate aircraft such as method of launching it at an upward angle with the use of a ‘bumper’ on the back. It would hold the aircraft in place as it was hoisted skyward until the nose gear was suspended off the ground. This position allowed the noticeably weak catapults to launch the heavy weight of the aircraft.<ref name=":1">https://www.thunder-and-lightnings.co.uk/scimitar/history.php</ref>

The Scimitar never saw any combat though serve operationally with the Royal Navy in the Persian Gulf to deter tensions developing at the time. Some sorties were undertaken to test the capability of the aircraft’s missile and rocket payloads, but live bombs were never sortied because of fears the risks were too great, and the training was too dangerous; practice bombs were often used instead.<ref name=":1" />

'''Fate'''

The 100 orders for Supermarine Scimitars would ultimately never be fulfilled. Only 76 units were delivered, of which 39 were lost to non-combat accidents; therefore 51% of all Scimitars produced were lost. Moving forward the carrier-borne strike fighting role was undertaken by the de Havilland Sea Vampire. The Supermarine Scimitar would ultimately become a prize piece of engineering spending the last of its years stunning in air show performances where it did succeed. The Scimitar had a short and constantly troubled history which looked doomed to failure from the beginning; the Royal Navy was subsequently deemed unable to operate such an intensive aircraft which required enormous cost, time, expertise and top spec equipment to allow it’s success in operations, none of which the Royal Navy had enough of at the time. On 19 October 1966, the Scimitar was retired from the Naval Air Squadron and in December of 1970 the last Scimitars flew, with pilots still avowing that the aircraft was ‘a delight to fly’.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|MPdcryL47sk|'''The Shooting Range #205''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:28 discusses the Scimitar F Mk.1.}}

== See also ==


* [[Hunter F.1]]
* [[Hunter F.6]]
* [[Swift F.7]]
* [[F3H-2]]
* [[F9F-8]]
* [[FJ-4B]] / [[FJ-4B VMF-232]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6730-development-scimitar-f-1-the-twin-engine-beast-en|[Devblog] Scimitar F.1: The Twin Engine Beast]]

{{AirManufacturer Supermarine}}
{{Britain jet aircraft}}

M3A3 Stuart (China)

2020-05-28T12:19:43Z

U24720395: /* History */

{{Specs-Card|code=cn_m3a3_stuart}}
{{About
| about = light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|other
|usage-1 = other uses
|link-1 = M3 (Disambiguation)
|usage-2 = other vehicles of the family
|link-2 = M3 Stuart (Family)
}}
== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Chinese light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===


The frontal armor on the M3A3 is pretty tough for a light tank with 25mm on the front & sides of the hull, and a large, 50mm thick gun mantlet covering up most of its frontal turret. When angled correctly it can bounce off quite a few shots. However it can still be easily penetrated by average guns on its BR. From the front the 4 crews are sitting pretty close together, thus making it highly possible to get one-shotted by shells with explosives like the Soviet 45mm AP or the German short 75mm APHE. The transmission and the engine are all quite small and low, and the ammoracks are also small, reducing the chance of being immobile or ammoracked. There is also an empty area under the turret crews and in front of the driving compartment, which will absorb those shells with weak damage.

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 406|rbMinHp= 232}}

One of the best aspect of the {{PAGENAME}} is its superior mobility. It has a top speed of 58 km/h and doesn't lose too much speed on soft terrains as it's tracked, making it one of the fastest tanks at the BR alongside with the famous BT series tanks. The turning ability is also amazing, since the hull is short and wide enough, allowing it to turn agilely. However, when trying to stop the tank while it is travelling at full speed, the brakes tend to be inefficient, giving it a long braking distance and making it very sluggish when stopping.

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|M6 (37 mm)}}

The M3A3 is armed with an [[M6 (37 mm)|37 mm M6]] cannon as its main armament, the same gun as the preceding [[M8 LAC (China)|M8]]. While being 1.3 BR higher than the M8, the M3A3's gun still packs a fierce punch if aiming at the correct area and firing at the correct distance. It is a small caliber fast-firing gun with a maximum penetration of 84mm at 100m (M51B1/B2 shell), being able to penetrate most of the opponents it will face. While it lacks the post-penetration damage to one-shot most enemy, it can quickly finish them off with its fast reload. The penetration and trajectory drops a lot beyond 500m. Note that the gun has a vertical stabiliser, giving the player a huge advantage in some cases, but keep in mind that the stabiliser only works when the tank is slower than 10 km/h.

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}

The M3A3 has two [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]] machine guns, one being coaxial to the main gun and the other roof mounted. The two machine guns can quickly incapacitate the exposed crews on some vehicles or do some serious damage to those low-passing planes. However it lacks the ability to effectively damage lightly armored vehicles due to its low penetration of only 10mm.

== Usage in battles ==


The M3A3 Stuart is best used as a point-capper and a hit-n-run tank. Its extreme mobility gives the player uncountable ways to play with the enemy. At the start of a battle, it can quickly cap a nearby point first, but note that some wheeled vehicles, like the [[Sd.Kfz.234/2|Sd.kfz.234]] series, can still outrun the M3 on-road, therefore posting a great threat. Or it can get to an ambush position near the point and wait til the prey comes. With its reliable gun, the M3 should be able to destroy the first wave of enemy easily and quickly.

In the middle stages of a battle, the M3 can utilise its excellent mobility and get to wherever needs help while carefully looking around. If the M3A3 unexpectedly encounter an enemy in its path, don't panic! Circle around the enemy and try to force it to turn, this way it usually cannot aim at the M3A3 accurately, then reduce the M3A3's speed down under 10 km/h and keep moving. Now the M3A3's stabiliser will give the tank a great chance to hit while on the move as it stabilises the gun when the tank is under 10 km/h, making it easier time to put the gun on target while moving compared to the enemy.

The frontal armor of this tank is also quite good at a distance. Find a building or a big rock as cover and angle the hull for about 40 degrees. When ready to fire, go out of cover and stop once the 37 mm gun is exposed, don't go out too much or the thin side armor will be exposed to be hit. Keep in mind that with this tactic the player should only engage the low-penetrating enemies at more than 400m, as their penetration will drop significantly at that distance while the M3 can still penetrate 73mm of armor, which is enough to go through most of its opponents like the Pz.IIIs.

'''<big>Heavily armored opponents</big>'''

It is likely that the M3 will encounter some rough heavies, like the Matilda III and the B1 bis. The best tactic against this type of targets is to use the M3A3's fast speed, get within 200m from then and attack, with shooting at point-blank range being the most effective way. Before conducting an attack, check the M3A3's and the enemy's surroundings to make sure no one will ambush the M3A3. While charging, use the M3A3's quick turns to suddenly change direction to avoid being shot if they are aiming and firing at the M3A3. Once the tank is at the ideal distance, maneouver so that the gun is vertical to their armor. Do not shoot if the enemy is angling! The small caliber 37mm gun is very likely to bounce off or not penetrate against sloped armor.

For the Matilda III, shoot at the middle of the near-vertical frontal plate to knock out the driver first, since the 37mm shell is not enough to knock out the gunner after penetrating. Once it is immobile, go to its side and finish it by shooting its hull sides. Or, shoot the right side of the gun mantlet to disable its gunner. For best chance of penetration, do not shoot its turret side.

For the B1, either aim for the near-vertical frontal armor plate at the right side of the hull, or the turret ring to incapacitate the commander/gunner. Or simply move to its side and knock out the crews one by one by hitting its flat side armor.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great cannon with good penetration, excellent rate of fire and gun depression
* Excellent acceleration, top speed and turning ability on all terrains. Easily outruns common opponents like the Pz.II, Pz.III
* Access to a vertical stabiliser which most tanks don't have
* Respectable sloped armor that, if angled, might bounce some shells from a distance
* Small turret profile makes it harder to get hit

'''Cons:'''

* Weak armor against high-penetration shells
* Its shells do not have explosive filters, severely limiting the post-penetration effect
* Inefficient brakes when trying to stop the tank at full speed
* Hull is fairly high for a light tank and the crews are closely packed, reducing its survivability

== History ==
The M3A3 Stuart was a substantially exported tank from the United States. Due to its proven capabilities in all theatres of the Second World War, it found itself on the battlefields of Eastern Asia. The Republic of China were supplied with over one thousand M3A3 Stuarts, making them a prolific user of the Stuart.<ref name=":0">http://www.tankarchives.ca/2017/05/light-tank-m3a3-american-emigrant.html</ref> Some tanks during the late war use were retrofitted with light up-armour packages to further protect the front and sides of the tank thus extending its service life.<ref name=":0" /> By 1946, the Kuomintang Armoured Corps were still operating at least 116 Stuart light tanks.<ref>https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/china/chinese-tanks-1925-1950/</ref>

The use of this tank would continue post-war into the Chinese civil war. M3A3 Stuarts served with both Kuomintang and Communist Party forces until at least 1949 when the Civil war concluded in Communist Party victory. The Kuomintang were able to transport tanks over the East China Sea as they escaped to Taiwan.<ref name=":0" /> Some of these tanks remain today in museums in both China and Taiwan.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''
* ''other literature.''

{{China light tanks}}

Fairmile B (ML345)

2020-04-17T17:14:55Z

U24720395: /* Usage in Battles */

{{Specs-Card|code=uk_fairmile_b_ml345}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{specs|name}}''' is a rank {{specs|rank}} British motor gunboat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.83 "Masters of the Sea"]] as part of the British fleet closed beta test.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

The Fairmile B (ML345) has very little armour with similar construction to the previous gunboats in the family, the [[Fairmile A (ML100)]]. The engines, fuel tanks and ammunition racks are easy targets, as they are located in the front, rear and centre of the hull, making fires a considerable risk.

The Fairmile B (ML345) has a crew of 18, making it comparable with other gunboats such as the Soviet [[Pr.1124 (1940)]] and the [[Elco 77 ft PT-59|American Elco 77 ft PT-59]]. It is advisable to keep some distance from smaller ships as flanks from faster vessels can result in the defenceless hull sides being compromised.

=== Mobility ===


The Fairmile B (ML345) has a top cruising speed of around 37 kp/h. The turn rate is similar to other vessels of similar size but takes over 10 seconds to complete turns. The reverse speed is up to 14 kp/h.

== Armament ==
=== Primary armament ===

{{main|3 pdr QF Hotchkiss (47 mm)}}

The main firepower of the Fairmile B (ML345) is the [[3 pdr QF Hotchkiss (47 mm)|3 pounder QF Hotchkiss]] cannon. Lacking in fire rate, it does serious damage against smaller boats it may encounter with the large explosive power yet fails to do any significant damage to vessels similar to its own size or larger. It can carry High Explosive, Armour Piercing and Universal rounds, which make for reliable defence.

=== Secondary armament ===

{{main|Oerlikon Mark V (20 mm)|Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)}}

In addition to the [[3 pdr QF Hotchkiss (47 mm)|3 pounder QF Hotchkiss]] cannon, the Fairmile B (ML345) also features two 20 mm Oerlikon cannon turrets. One a [[Oerlikon Mark V (20 mm)|Mark V]] and one a [[Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)|Mark II]], with 4,080 and 2,040 rounds respectively.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{main|Lewis 1916 (7.72 mm)}}


The {{PAGENAME}} has two auxiliary dual-mount 7.72 mm [[Lewis 1916 (7.72 mm)|Lewis 1916]] machine guns located above the bridge. These machine guns can possibly be used against strafing aircraft, however, they are in a perfect position to eliminate lighter boats with persistent fire.

=== Special armament ===

{{main|Mk.VII depth charge}}

[[Mk.VII depth charge|Mk.VII Depth charges]] make little difference to the manoeuvrability of the vessel, but can be effective when used against larger ships such as destroyers and frigates.

== Usage in battles ==
''The Fairmile B (ML345) is a capable vessel when used appropriately and the right targets are prioritised. Ships of equal size using large guns with a slow rate of fire are easy targets for the Fairmile B to target. Ships with multiple guns and a rapid rate of fire should be avoided as these will target the vulnerable hull of the Fairmile B resulting in fires or sinking.''

''Engaging these boats should be at distance and sailing at an angle will allow the gunners to also fire at the target, but these need to be toggled to target ships. Keeping the correct distance on the rangefinder is essential if shooting over long distances as there is some considerable drop off of the rounds.''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* The 3 pounder is better placed compared to Fairmile A's location
* Can equip a large number of depth charges
* 20 mm cannons are more powerful than the 7.7 mm machine guns on previous models

'''Cons:'''

* Lacks armour protection
* Less maneuverability of similar sized vessels

== History ==


The Fairmile B first left the production line in September 1940 and entered service shortly after''.''<ref>Konstam, A. and Bryan, T., 2010. ''British Motor Gun Boat''. Oxford: Osprey Publ.</ref> These motor-launched boats served in many invasion operations, such as the D-Day landings at Normandy, and the St Nazaire Raid.<ref>Wright, M., 2014. ''British And Commonwealth Warship Camouflage Of WWII''. Seaforth Publishing, p.137.</ref>

Some Fairmile B vessels were designated as medical ships attached to marine invasion infantry units and underwent modifications to expand their sickbays to accommodate more casualties.<ref>Lenton, H. and Colledge, J., 1973. ''Warships Of World War II''. 2nd ed. I. Allan, pp.523–530.</ref>

The Fairmile B was operated by Commonwealth nations during and after the Second World War. Bermuda, New Zealand, Australia and South Africa used the Fairmile B, primarily as patrol boats.<ref>Seapower Centre, 2005. ''The Navy Contribution To Australian Maritime Operations''. Canberra: Defence Publishing Service.</ref> The Fairmile B also served up to the 1980s with the Guardia di Finanza, an Italian naval gendarmerie.<ref>oceania.pbworks.com. 2010. ''Oceania / Italian Financial Guard''. [online] Available at: <<nowiki>http://oceania.pbworks.com/w/page/8465167/Italian%20Financial%20Guard</nowiki>> [Accessed 11 April 2020].</ref>

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article will be video guides, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==

* [[Update 1.83 "Masters of the Sea"]]

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on ship;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Britain boats}}
<references />

File:Fairmile B ML303.jpg

2020-04-17T16:52:11Z

U24720395:

A Fairmile B during the invasion of Normandy.

Fairmile B (ML345)

2020-04-11T01:46:37Z

U24720395: /* History */

{{Specs-Card|code=uk_fairmile_b_ml345}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{specs|name}}''' is a rank {{specs|rank}} British motor gunboat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.83 "Masters of the Sea"]] as part of the British fleet closed beta test.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

The Fairmile B (ML345) has very little armour with similar construction to the previous gunboats in the family, the [[Fairmile A (ML100)]]. The engines, fuel tanks and ammunition racks are easy targets, as they are located in the front, rear and centre of the hull, making fires a considerable risk.

The Fairmile B (ML345) has a crew of 18, making it comparable with other gunboats such as the Soviet [[Pr.1124 (1940)]] and the [[Elco 77 ft PT-59|American Elco 77 ft PT-59]]. It is advisable to keep some distance from smaller ships as flanks from faster vessels can result in the defenceless hull sides being compromised.

=== Mobility ===


The Fairmile B (ML345) has a top cruising speed of around 37 kp/h. The turn rate is similar to other vessels of similar size but takes over 10 seconds to complete turns. The reverse speed is up to 14 kp/h.

== Armament ==
=== Primary armament ===

{{main|3 pdr QF Hotchkiss (47 mm)}}

The main firepower of the Fairmile B (ML345) is the [[3 pdr QF Hotchkiss (47 mm)|3 pounder QF Hotchkiss]] cannon. Lacking in fire rate, it does serious damage against smaller boats it may encounter with the large explosive power yet fails to do any significant damage to vessels similar to its own size or larger. It can carry High Explosive, Armour Piercing and Universal rounds, which make for reliable defence.

=== Secondary armament ===

{{main|Oerlikon Mark V (20 mm)|Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)}}

In addition to the [[3 pdr QF Hotchkiss (47 mm)|3 pounder QF Hotchkiss]] cannon, the Fairmile B (ML345) also features two 20 mm Oerlikon cannon turrets. One a [[Oerlikon Mark V (20 mm)|Mark V]] and one a [[Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)|Mark II]], with 4,080 and 2,040 rounds respectively.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{main|Lewis 1916 (7.72 mm)}}


The {{PAGENAME}} has two auxiliary dual-mount 7.72 mm [[Lewis 1916 (7.72 mm)|Lewis 1916]] machine guns located above the bridge. These machine guns can possibly be used against strafing aircraft, however, they are in a perfect position to eliminate lighter boats with persistent fire.

=== Special armament ===

{{main|Mk.VII depth charge}}

[[Mk.VII depth charge|Mk.VII Depth charges]] make little difference to the manoeuvrability of the vessel, but can be effective when used against larger ships such as destroyers and frigates.

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don’t get try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* The 3 pounder is better placed compared to Fairmile A's location
* Can equip a large number of depth charges
* 20 mm cannons are more powerful than the 7.7 mm machine guns on previous models

'''Cons:'''

* Lacks armour protection
* Less maneuverability than similar sized vessels

== History ==
The Fairmile B first left the production line in September 1940 and entered service shortly after''.''<ref>Konstam, A. and Bryan, T., 2010. ''British Motor Gun Boat''. Oxford: Osprey Publ.</ref> These motor-launched boats served in many invasion operations, such as the D-Day landings at Normandy, and the St Nazaire Raid.<ref>Wright, M., 2014. ''British And Commonwealth Warship Camouflage Of WWII''. Seaforth Publishing, p.137.</ref>

Some Fairmile B vessels were designated as medical ships attached to marine invasion infantry units and underwent modifications to expand their sickbays to accommodate more casualties.<ref>Lenton, H. and Colledge, J., 1973. ''Warships Of World War II''. 2nd ed. I. Allan, pp.523–530.</ref>

The Fairmile B was operated by Commonwealth nations during and after the Second World War. Bermuda, New Zealand, Australia and South Africa used the Fairmile B, primarily as patrol boats.<ref>Seapower Centre, 2005. ''The Navy Contribution To Australian Maritime Operations''. Canberra: Defence Publishing Service.</ref> The Fairmile B also served up to the 1980s with the Guardia di Finanza, an Italian naval gendarmerie.<ref>oceania.pbworks.com. 2010. ''Oceania / Italian Financial Guard''. [online] Available at: <<nowiki>http://oceania.pbworks.com/w/page/8465167/Italian%20Financial%20Guard</nowiki>> [Accessed 11 April 2020].</ref>

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article will be video guides, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==

* [[Update 1.83 "Masters of the Sea"]]

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on ship;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Britain boats}}

Fairmile B (ML345)

2020-03-30T20:49:24Z

U24720395: Armament added

{{Specs-Card|code=uk_fairmile_b_ml345}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{specs|name}}''' is a rank {{specs|rank}} British motor gun boat {{Battle-rating|1}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.83 "Masters of the Sea"]] as part of the British fleet closed beta test.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

The Fairmile B (ML345) has very little armour with a similar construction to the previous gun boat in the family, the [[Fairmile A (ML100)]]. The engines, fuel tanks and ammunition racks are easy targets, as they are located in the front, rear and centre of the hull, making fires a considerable risk.

The Fairmile B (ML345) has a crew of 18, making it comparable with other gun boats such as the Soviet [[Pr.1124 (1940)]] and the [[Elco 77 ft PT-59|American Elco 77 ft PT-59]]. It is advisable to keep some distance from smaller ships as flanks from faster vessels can result in the defenceless hull sides being compromised.

=== Mobility ===


The Fairmile B (ML345) has a top cruising speed of around 37 kp/h. The turn rate is similar to other vessels of similar size but takes over 10 seconds to complete turns. The reverse speed is up to 14 kp/h.

== Armament ==
=== Primary armament ===
{{main|3 pdr QF Hotchkiss (47 mm)}}
The main firepower of the Fairmile B (ML345) is the [[3 pdr QF Hotchkiss (47 mm)|3 pounder QF Hotchkiss]] cannon. Lacking in fire rate, it does serious damage against smaller boats it may encounter with the large explosive power yet fails to do any significant damage to vessels similar to its own size or larger. It can carry High Explosive, Armour Piercing and Universal rounds, which make for reliable defence.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{main|Oerlikon Mark V (20 mm)}}
In addition to the [[3 pdr QF Hotchkiss (47 mm)|3 pounder QF Hotchkiss]] cannon, the Fairmile B (ML345) has two auxiliary dual-mount 7.72mm [[Lewis 1916 (7.72 mm)|Lewis 1916]] machine guns located above the bridge. They are able to destroy lighter boats with persistent fire. The Fairmile B (ML345) also features two 20mm Oerlikon cannon turrets. One a [[Oerlikon Mark V (20 mm)|Mark V]] and one a [[Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)|Mark II]], with 4080 and 2040 rounds respectively.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{main|Lewis 1916 (7.72 mm)}}
''An important part of the ship’s armament responsible for air raid defense. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship’s anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets.''

=== Special armament ===

{{main|Mk.VII depth charge}}

[[Mk.VII depth charge|Mk.VII Depth charges]] make little difference to the manueverability of the vessel; but can be effective when used against larger ships such as destroyers and frigates.

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don’t get try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* The 3 pdr is better placed than on the Fairmile A
* Can equip a large number of depth charges
* 20 mm cannons are more powerful than the 7.7 mm MGs on previous models

'''Cons:'''

* Lacks armour protection

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to an article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article.''

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article will be video guides, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on ship;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Britain boats}}

User:U24720395

2020-03-30T17:15:57Z

U24720395: Created page with " Hi, I'm McRaeGBR, 20 from the UK. Here's some information about me. *I started playing War Thunder in May of 2014. *I am primarily interested in British warfare, new..."

Hi, I'm McRaeGBR, 20 from the UK. Here's some information about me.

*I started playing War Thunder in May of 2014.
*I am primarily interested in British warfare, new and old.
*I am partial to rather cheesy and bad war films. But some oldies like Battle of Britain, 633 Squadron and Dam
Busters are classics
*I couldn't possibly decide my favourite Aircraft but the Hawker Hurricane is a good one.
*I am studying a degree in History!

And yes, GBR does stand for Great Britain.

Hope to see you on the battlefield.

Fairmile B (ML345)

2020-03-28T20:18:19Z

U24720395: General info

Lightning F.6

2020-03-18T03:52:16Z

U24720395: Max Speed, Turn time, Climbrate added.

{{Specs-Card|code=lightning_f6}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.97 "Viking Fury"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 12,192 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2215 || 2200 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 27.9 || 28.2 || 150.7 || 141.4 || rowspan="2" | 850
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 720 || 463 || ~10 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 850 || < 700 || < 700 || N/A
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===
''Describe the offensive armament of the aircraft, if any. Describe how effective the cannons and machine guns are in a battle, and also what belts or drums are better to use. If there is no offensive weaponry, delete this subsection.''

=== Suspended armament ===
''Describe the aircraft's suspended armament: additional cannons under the wings, bombs, rockets and torpedoes. This section is especially important for bombers and attackers. If there is no suspended weaponry remove this subsection.''

=== Defensive armament ===
''Defensive armament with turret machine guns or cannons, crewed by gunners. Examine the number of gunners and what belts or drums are better to use. If defensive weaponry is not available, remove this subsection.''

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer EEC}}
{{Britain jet aircraft}}