War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

Ho-I

2021-05-23T10:38:48Z

U21108453:

{{Specs-Card
|code=jp_type_2_ho_i
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced with the rest of the Japanese ground forces tree with [[Update 1.65 "Way of the Samurai"]]. It follows the [[Chi-Ha Kai]] and precedes the [[Chi-He]].

The general configuration and proportions of the Ho-I are largely similar to the previous Chi-Ha Kai. The most apparent differences are the angular, welded hull and turret, which will become a familiar sight for the rest of the Japanese medium tanks in Rank II and III. The protection is improved significantly, no longer having the paper-thin armor plaguing previous tanks, but it is still nothing to boast about. Closer inspection reveals a larger, stubby 75 mm gun that is trickier to use than the reliable 47 mm gun on the Chi-Ha Kai but can still pack a punch when used correctly. Overall, the Ho-I is comparable to the [[Pz.IV E]], a balanced medium tank with a short 75 mm gun.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The armour on the Ho-I, while being an upgrade over the Chi-Ha Kai - 50mm at the turret and hull front, compared to 32 on the turret and 25 on the hull for the Chi-Ha Kai, still leaves much to be desired. Most contemporary tank guns can penetrate the flatter surfaces and the side armor is not even completely proof to heavy machine guns. The internal modules aren't the most resilient, as the turret is rather cramped, stuffed with ammunition, the rather small cannon breech, and 3 crew members. A single APHE shell will almost invariably kill all the turret crew.

The armour consists of rolled mostly homogeneous armour, with cast homogeneous surrounding the gun barrel, protruding from the turret.

{| class="wikitable"
!Armour
!Front
!Sides
!Rear
!Roof
|-
|'''Hull'''
|50mm Front Plate, 16°
12mm Front Glacis, 76°
|25mm Hull below tracks 30°
20mm Hull above tracks, 0°
|20mm Rear, 1°
|12mm Roof, 86° (From a vertical plane.)
|-
|'''Turret'''
|50mm Turret Front, 16°
50mm Gun Mantlet, 16°
|25mm Sides, 9° Front Half, 10° Latter Half
|25mm Rear, 5°
|12mm Roof, 76° Front, 89° Middle, 74° Rear
12mm Hatch, 89°
|}
{| class="wikitable"
!Armour
!Sides
!Hatch
|-
|Cupola
|50mm Lower Part
25mm Upper Part
|12mm Hatch
|}

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=372|rbMinHp=212}}

The mobility of the Ho-I is improved over the Chi-Ha, the more powerful engine giving it a higher power-to-weight ratio. The relatively long tracks for a vehicle of this weight and width lead to fairly good cross-country mobility. While not a speedster, the Ho-I will not be completely left in the dust by light tanks and can still arrive at the battlefield reasonably quickly.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Type 99 (75 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type 99 (75 mm)|75 mm Type 99]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 63 || rowspan="2" | -15°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 13.33 || 18.45 || 22.40 || 24.77 || 26.35 || rowspan="2" | 7.67 || rowspan="2" | 6.79 || rowspan="2" | 6.25 || rowspan="2" | 5.90
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.33 || 9.80 || 11.90 || 13.16 || 14.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="7" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| Type 95 APHE || 43 || 41 || 37 || 31 || 27 || 23
|-
| Type 94 HE ||12 || 12 || 12 || 12 || 12 || 12
|-
| Type 2 HEAT ||90 || 90 || 90 || 90 || 90 || 90
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="9" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| Type 95 APHE || 450 || 6.21 || 1.2 || 14.0 || 460 || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| Type 94 HE || 522 || 6.02 || 0.1 || 0.1 || 810 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| Type 2 HEAT || 350 || 3.56 || N/A || 0.1 || 640 || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| Type 90 Smoke || 570 || 5.72 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 100
|-
|}

[[File:AmmoRacks Ho-I.png|thumb]]

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''63''' || 55 ''(+ 8)'' || 42 ''(+ 21)'' || 22 ''(+ 41)'' || 1 ''(+ 62)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|Type 97 (7.7 mm)}}

While it has the classic bow-mounted Type 97 machine gun featured by Japanese wartime tanks, the Ho-I also features another Type 97 on a pintle mount. The Type 97 is disappointing by rifle-caliber machine gun standards, having a very small magazine and a relatively low rate of fire. While this is not a big drawback when fighting other tanks, it makes mowing down open-topped SPAAs, fending off aircraft, and spotting enemies on the minimap more difficult. Having two of them compensates slightly for these flaws.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type 97 (7.7 mm)|7.7 mm Type 97]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 1,000 (20) || 498 || -10°/+70° || ±60°
|-
| Hull || 3,000 (20) || 498 || ±8° || ±14°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The Ho-I should generally be played as a support tank. While its mobility is good, its gun packs a punch, and its armor is halfway decent, the poor ballistics of its shells and the substandard gun handling are a considerable liability at its rank, where speedy light tanks are common. A missed shot at closer distances against a Stuart or BT tank could have unfortunate consequences, allowing them to flank or put a round into the Ho-I's weak spots. Conversely, it should go without saying that the Ho-I makes for a poor sniper, so staying in back of the map and providing covering fire is unlikely to be productive. For those not very familiar with the tank, it is best to stay just behind advancing teammates and allow them to attract attention; this provides extra time to line up shots and avoids sudden surprises. When missing shots is less of a concern (e.g. against slow targets or in close quarters), the great firepower can be brought to bear.

The Ho-I has a sizable arsenal of shell types. The stock Type 95 APHE round is quite underwhelming, having a bit less penetration than the [[Ke-Ni]] reserve tank's gun. The larger caliber provides some overmatch effect, but in general it is not a reliable weapon against anything more heavily armored than a reserve tank. The [[M3A1 Stuart]]'s turret is immune to the round and the hull has a decent chance of shrugging off the shot at a slight distance! On the bright side, it contains an enormous 460 g of TNT filler, so any target that the shell manages to penetrate will be annihilated in short order. The Type 94 HE round has 12 mm of penetration and is of little value, though it may be useful for hull-breaking soft targets. The unlockable Type 2 HEAT round has 90 mm of penetration at any distance. This is enough to go through the frontal armor of nearly all tanks at its rank, though the post-penetration damage can be punctual and it has the worst ballistics of any shell type available to the Ho-I. Try to aim for critical crew members or ammo racks. Lastly, the Type 90 smoke shell is available. While smoke is always nice to have, especially at lower ranks where fewer tanks have smoke grenades or shells, it is especially useful for tanks with low-velocity guns like the Ho-I. In a support role, smoke shells can be used to hide teammates and the user from view when driving in the open or capturing objectives, but they can also be used offensively by blinding entrenched targets. This makes it easier for the Ho-I to advance safely and get into firing range. If the enemies decide to leave the smoke cloud, they will be noticeable to the Ho-I slightly before their own vision clears up, providing time for a careful shot.

Experience gained with the Ho-I can be applied to some extent to the later [[Chi-He]], [[Chi-Nu]], and [[Chi-Nu II]], as they all use the same chassis. Out of these tanks, the Ho-I is the only model that has to deal with a low-velocity gun, but it currently has the lowest battle rating and the armor holds up the best as a result.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 75 mm cannon can do respectable damage against other vehicles
* Improved armour and mobility in comparison to prior tanks
* Early access to HEAT rounds with good penetration
* Fast reverse speed (2 reverse gears)
* Awesome gun depression of -15°

'''Cons:'''

* Stock grind is terrible with about 40 mm of penetration on stock APHE which won't do much initially at the comparable battle rating
* Gun is hard to use, all ammunition types have low muzzle velocity
* Poor turret rotation speed
* Armour still inadequate to block tank shells or 20 mm autocannons firing HVAP from the front
* Slow traverse speed

== History ==


The standard tanks of the Imperial Japanese Army for much of the 1930s were the [[Ha-Go]], [[I-Go Ko]], and [[Chi-Ha]]. The last two were equipped with larger 57 mm low-velocity guns intended for use against both tanks and infantry. When used in the Japanese invasion of Manchuria, it was found that these weapons were still insufficient against fortifications, and hence an even bigger gun was required. The Chi-Ha was selected as a suitable platform for mounting a larger weapon due to its size and speed. The gun chosen was the Type 41 Mountain gun, a license built version of the Krupp 1908 Mountain gun originally purchased from Germany. After being adapted, it was redesignated the Type 99 75 mm gun, and the integration with the Chi-Ha chassis was completed around 1942.

The initial prototype Ho-I used the Chi-Ha chassis, but it was decided to switch to the improved [[Chi-He]] chassis for serial production. Further Ho-I examples were converted from existing Chi-He tanks. Mass production was not achieved due to the heavy bombing of Japanese industry in the later stages of World War II and the lack of raw materials. The program was finally cancelled in 1944 and completed Ho-I examples were reserved for home-defense in preparation for a US invasion of the Japanese mainland. The war ended before this came to pass. Details on the fate of the tanks in the postwar era are scarce. They were most likely examined and scrapped. No examples are known to exist today.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Japan medium tanks}}

Ro-Go

2020-04-21T05:51:02Z

U21108453:

{{Specs-Card|code=jp_type_95_heavy}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{specs|rank}} Japanese heavy tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update_1.67_"Assault"|Update 1.67 "Assault"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===


The Ro-go is an excellently protected vehicle for 1.3. Featuring armour thick enough to stop 12.7 mm machine-gun fire from all angles (except the roof), and even anti-tank guns if angled properly. The placement of modules deep down inside the hull, where most 1.3 players would never think of shooting, makes the chance that the ammo, engine, transmission and fuel tanks get hit rather low. Even the crew inside the tank are pretty well protected by the tank's armour, and if everything fails you still have the lone machine gunner in the back turret, which means that a lot of the time you will be able to make a partial recovery from getting shredded to pieces by the waves of Pz.IIs and M2A4s.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 35 mm ''Front plates'' 25 mm (61°) ''Front glacis'' 25 mm (68°) ''Lower glacis'' || 30 mm (0-56°) ''Top'' 30 + 6 mm ''Bottom'' || 13 mm ''Top'' 25 mm (0-32°) ''Bottom'' || 13 mm
|-
| Main Turret || 30 mm (8-78°) ''Turret front'' 30 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 25 mm (8-10°) 15 mm (2-34°) || 25 mm (8°) ''Machine gun port'' || 8 mm
|-
| Secondary Turret #1 || 30 mm (0-1°) ''Turret front'' 30 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 25 mm || 25 mm || 8 mm
|-
| Secondary Turret #2 || 14-15 mm (0-3°) || 25 mm || 25 mm || 13 mm
|-
! Armour !! Sides !! Roof
|-
| Cupola || 25 mm || 8-13 mm
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 15 mm thick. Suspension bogies are 10 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 374|rbMinHp= 256}}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|Type 94 (70 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Type 94 (70 mm)|70 mm Type 94]]
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
! rowspan="1" | Stabilizer
|-
| colspan="3" | 100 || -10°/+22° || ±180° || N/A
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! style="width:4em" |Mode
! style="width:4em" |Stock
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || 7.44 || 10.30 || __.__ || __.__ || 14.72
|-
| ''Realistic'' || 5.47 || 6.44 || __.__ || __.__ || 9.20
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| 5.20 || __.__ || __.__ || 4.00
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 0° Angle of Attack'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| Type 95 APHE || APHE ||21||20||18||16||14||13
|-
| Type 92 HE || HE || 9 || 9 || 9 || 9 || 9 || 9
|-
| Type 3 HEAT || HEAT ||80||80||80||80||80|| 80
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| Type 95 APHE || APHE ||300||4.45|| 1.2 ||14|| 170 || -1° || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| Type 92 HE || HE || 348 ||3.81|| 2.0 || 0.1 || 590 || +0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| Type 3 HEAT || HEAT || 200 ||3.35|| 0.0 || 0.1 || 601.6 || +0° || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
|}

===== [[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Full ammo
! class="wikitable unsortable" |1st rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |2nd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |3rd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''100''' || 98 ''(+2)'' || 95 ''(+5)'' || 1 ''(+99)''|| style="text-align:left" | No
|-
|}

Turret empty: 95 ''(+5)''

=== Additional armament ===

{{main|Type 94 (37 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Type 94 (37 mm)|37 mm Type 94]]
|-
! colspan="6" | ''Secondary turret mount''
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
! rowspan="1" | Stabilizer
|-
| colspan="3" | 50 || -8°/+20° || ±110° || N/A
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert Qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace Qualif.
|-
| 4.3 || __.__ || __.__ || __.__
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 90°'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| Type 94 APHE || APHE ||34||33||27||22||17||14
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| Type 94 APHE || APHE || 575 ||0.7||1.2||9||9.4|| -1° || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
|}

===== [[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] =====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumbnail|300px|Ammo racks of the Ro-Go.]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Full ammo
! class="wikitable unsortable" |1st rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |2nd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |3rd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |4th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |5th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''150''' || 146 ''(+4)'' || 141 ''(+9)'' || 91 ''(+59)'' || 46 ''(+104)'' || 1 ''(+149)'' || style="text-align:left" | No
|-
|}

Turret empty: 141 (+9)

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|Type 97 tank (7.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | [[Type 97 tank (7.7 mm)|7.7 mm Type 97]]
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Rear turret mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 1,950 (20) || 499 || -8°/+20° || ±110°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The Ro-go, like most landships, is the perfect vehicle to lead an assault. The Ro-go's relatively thick armour and impressive firepower mean that the Ro-go can deal a lot of punishment to the enemy. As well, if being the spearhead of an assault isn't your style, you can always use that sweet 200 m/s to annoy enemies who think that they are safe behind buildings, walls, rocks and even hills.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* Main gun with 70 mm HEAT and the secondary with 37 mm APHE are a deadly combination
* 70 mm's HEAT velocity of 200 m/s (one of the slowest in the game) means that it can shoot enemies behind cover
* Great gun depression and good elevation
* Six crew vehicle
* The secondary frontal turret can act as a shield to absorb some hits
* Has relatively thick armour enough to stop heavy machine gun fire, and even some anti-tank weapons
* Good maneuverability for a heavy tank
* 70 mm HEAT shells excel in both penetration and damage
* Modules are very well hidden in the vehicle

'''Cons:'''

* Slow turret traverse makes the Ro-Go easy to flank
* Features only a single machine gun in a rear turret
* Two massively different trajectories for the main guns
* Back turret ammo runs out very quickly
* Very slow
* Penetration with standard APHE for both guns is lacking
* Hard to aim with HEAT

== History ==


After World War I, the Imperial Japanese Army experimented with some possibility of multi-turreted tanks design based French Renault FT light tank. The development of the Type 95 Ro-Go heavy tank is based on the older version of the tank, the Type 91 heavy tank, which featured only a single 57 mm gun and two turrets, which both armed with a 6.5 mm machine guns. The tank had a maximum armour plate thickness of 17 mm. Although the design was not successful and soon cancelled, this project became the stepping stone to the Type 95 Ro-Go tank.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Japan heavy tanks}}
{{Japan premium ground vehicles}}

Ka-Mi

2019-12-17T05:16:54Z

U21108453: /* Ammunition */ Updated APHE

{{Specs-Card|code=jp_type_2_ka_mi}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{specs|name}}''' is a rank {{specs|rank}} Japanese light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced along with the entire initial Japanese Ground Forces tree in [[Update 1.65 "Way of the Samurai"]]. An interesting thing about this tank is that it does feature propellers on the backside, but do not get too excited as when attempting to cross water, this tank will sink unless it is outfitted with specially outfitted pontoons (not available in War Thunder).

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===


Armour on this tank may as well not exist, like the rest of Japanese Rank I tanks. Fortunately, this blue box has relatively spread apart modules, which may save you.

The Ka-Mi is features a very unusual layout. Being originally purposed as an amphibious tank, it lacks its buoys to float in-game, hence we have the light armour pattern of an amphibious vehicle without its amphibious capacity (worst case scenario). (Yes, these pincer-like fixtures you see on the hull are the buoys' attachment points, they are useless). With an armour ranging around 8 mm to 12 mm on larger portions of the hull, this tank is very fragile to anything bigger than MG fire. To increase survivability, one can enter a fight rearwards in order to absorb shots with the engine deck. (Yes, these are propellers you see below the engine deck, they are useless.)

This armour pattern really shines at distances (500+ m), where a little angling can mostly defeat HMG fire. Since most guns at this BR are quite inaccurate, exposing only your small turret should not be a problem since it is hard to hit. If caught in an open field ( still at distances), try facing directly your foe since angling is useless with such little armour values, that way, some shells can just fly by your crew in the inhabited portions of the tank (ammo racks located there are pretty small, they are often missed in these cases).

The 37 mm is a decent gun with a good reload time and good ammo count: don't bother wasting a shot, fire on the move. This tank has a "lock", which is a primitive form of gun stabiliser, decreasing vertical movement from the main armament - at low speeds, gun handling sees significant improvement. Note that turret rotation speed is somewhat slow: pre-aim your gun in the general direction of the enemy in close-quarter engagements.

One thing that saves the Ka-Mi's reputation is its MG count: there is 3 of them. One is coaxial, fired by gunner, another is pintle-mounted, fired by the gunner and the last one is hull-mounted, fired by the machine-gunner. These weapons have a good burst capacity to take out light targets (soviet SPAA trucks, open-topped SPGs, etc.). This also allows the Ka-Mi to become an unlikely SPAA, armed with three machine guns and a cannon. It can quite easily take down low-flying biplanes that may appear in the hands of inexperienced pilots at Rank I, although it requires sustained hits to successfully down an aircraft. One downside of the [[Type 97 tank (7.7 mm)|Type 97]] machine gun is its low ammo count, which limits bursts to a couple of seconds before having to reload. Reloads, fortunately, don't take long.

The Ka-Mi provides a decent top speed on road but lacks power when going off-road. Narrow tracks make mobility in snow/desert maps really painful. A good thing to mention: this tank has a respectable reverse speed of -11 km/h with two reverse gear, which is a rare feature at this BR. It can sometimes get you out of bad situations.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 12 mm (30°) ''Front plate'' 6 mm (83°) ''Front glacis'' 12 mm (4-39°) ''Lower glacis'' || 10 mm || 10 mm (12°) ''Middle'' 12 mm (59°) ''Side'' || 6 mm
|-
| Turret || 12 mm (0-8°) ''Turret front'' 30 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 12 mm (10-12°) || 12 mm (12-13°) || 6 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are both 15 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 6 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Mobility characteristic
|-
! Weight (tons)
! colspan="1" | Add-on Armour weight (tons)
! colspan="1" | Max speed (km/h)
|-
| rowspan="2" |9.1|| colspan="1" rowspan="2" | N/A || colspan="1" | 44 (AB)
|-
|40 (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine power (horsepower)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|125
|153
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|102
|115
|-
! colspan="3" | Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|13.74
|16.81
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|11.21
|12.64
|-
|}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|Type 1 (37 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Type 1 (37 mm)|37 mm Type 1]]
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
! rowspan="1" | Stabilizer
|-
| colspan="3" | 132 || -10°/+24° || ±180° || Vertical
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! style="width:4em" |Mode
! style="width:4em" |Stock
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || 7.2 || 10.0 || 12.1 || 21.4 || __.__
|-
| ''Realistic'' || 7.2 || 8.5 || 10.3 || 11.4 || __.__
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| 5.2 || 4.6 || 4.2 || __.__
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 90°'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| Type 94 APHE || APHE || 46 || 44 || 36 || 29 || 23 || 18
|-
| Type 1 APHE || APHE || 57 || 54 || 39 ||26|| 18 || 12
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| Type 94 APHE || APHE || 700 || 0.7 || 1.2 || 9 || 9.4
| || 47° || 60°
|65°
|-
| Type 1 APHE || APHE || 800 || 0.62 || 1.2 || 9 || 10.24
| || 47° || 60°
|65°
|-
|}

===== [[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] =====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|x250px|thumbnail|[[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] of the Ka-Mi.]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Full ammo
! class="wikitable unsortable" |1st rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |2nd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |3rd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Visual discrepancy
|-
|| '''132''' || 73 ''(+59)'' || 25 ''(+107)'' || 1 ''(+131)'' || style="text-align:left" | No
|-
|}

73 ''(+59)''

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|Type 97 tank (7.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | [[Type 97 tank (7.7 mm)|7.7 mm Type 97]]
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Coaxial mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 4,000 (20) || 499 || N/A || N/A
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Hull mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 3,000 (20) || 499 || -11°/+35° || ±20°
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Pintle mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 1,000 (20) || 499 || -10°/+70° || ±60°
|-
|}

== Usage in the battles ==


With its average armour, firepower and mobility, the Ka-Mi should be played wisely, with a bit of finesse: you will not survive frontal engagement, neither can you flank nor snipe...so what's left? Support. ''Always'' play as a team when driving the Ka-Mi, bringing an additional potent close-range gun to the fight, threatening your foes while more potent allies reload.

Use hills to your advantage, fall back when outnumbered and beware difficult terrain since it can slow down your manoeuvres. Never rely on your armour.

===Modules===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" |Mobility
! Protection
! colspan="2" |Firepower
|-
| I
| Tracks
|
| Parts
| Horizontal Drive
|
|-
| II
| Suspension
| Brake System
| FPE
| Adjustment of Fire
| Type 1 APHE
|-
| III
| Filters
|
| Crew Replenishment
| Elevation Mechanism
|
|-
| IV
| Transmission
| Engine
|
| Artillery Support
|
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros'''

* 37 mm gun has decent post-penetration damage
* Has a lot of machine guns, allowing a mediocre amphibious tank to turn into an impromptu SPAA instantly
* Tiny turret. Hard to target it at the range
* High ammo count (both cannon and MG)
* 10° gun depression
* Decent reverse speed (-11 km/h)
* Has a coaxial machine gun, unlike most low tier Japanese tanks

'''Cons'''

* 37 mm penetration value starting to feel lacking
* Hull size is wider than other Japanese light tanks
* Hull front plate is thin and relatively unsloped
* Not amphibious, despite propellers in back
* Tiny turret, big hull. People with have no trouble targeting you
* Only two ammo choice, both APHE, one is clearly superior over the other
* Narrow tracks means poor off-road mobility
* Low engine HP makes hill-climbing only possible at low gear, which even then is difficult
* Weak armour makes you an easy target for aircraft with high penetration on their guns

== History ==

===Development===
While the tanks were mainly in the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA), the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) also owned their own land forces known as the Special Naval Landings Forces (SNLF). Their standard tanks was the [[Ha-Go|Type 95 Ha-Go]], but the SNLF wanted a more capable tank for the role, namely one fitted for amphibious landings. The Japanese have touched upon the amphibious tank concept since the 1930s, but one for the rough seas needed more durability than one for rivers. The IJN approached Mitsubishi in 1941 to develop the new amphibious tank, named '''Ka-Mi''' "Special Craft". The tank was to go along with the IJA's Type 2 Ke-To light tank, using a similar turret design. The suspension of the vehicle was one derived from the Ha-Go. The amphibious capability was given to the tank via two removable pontoons on the front and back of the tank. A trunk and tower was fitted over the engine and turret respectively to prevent water from flowing into the engine and crew compartment. The vehicle, accepted as the '''Type 2 Ka-Mi''', began production in 1943. Up to 182 tanks were produced from then until the end of the war.<ref name="ZalogaJapaneseTank">Zaloga Steven. ''Japanese Tanks 1939-1945'' Great Britain: Osprey Publishing Ltd., 2007</ref>

===Combat Usage===
The Type 2 Ka-Mi saw use in the combat in 1944 in Saipan and Leyte.<ref name="ZalogaJapaneseTank" /> They assisted the stationed SNLF units on these islands in attacking the American beachheads via amphibious assaults. The Ka-Mi were also stationed in Luzon as a handful were captured by Allied forces in 1945. Their limited numbers and usage meant they fought with relative obscurity to the IJA's [[Chi-Ha Kai|Type 97 Chi-Ha]] tanks. However, the Type 2 Ka-Mi was deemed rather successful by the IJN, some have dubbed it the "best designed amphibious tank of the war" after World War II. This led to the successors like the Type 3 Ka-Chi, a parallel to the [[Chi-He|Type 1 Chi-He]], and the Type 5 To-Ku, based off the [[Chi-Ri II|Type 5 Chi-Ri]].

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article will be video guides, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

==References==
<references />

== Read also ==

* [https://warthunder.com/en/news/4328-development-type-2-ka-mi-beach-patrol-en/ [Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> Type 2 Ka-Mi: Beach Patrol] 

== Sources ==


{{Japan light tanks}}

Ke-Ni

2019-12-17T05:10:14Z

U21108453: /* Ammunition */ Updated to Type 1 APHE

{{Specs-Card|code=jp_type_98_ke_ni}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_Type98Ke-Ni.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{specs|name}}''' is a reserve Rank {{specs|rank}} Japanese light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced along with the entire Japanese Ground Forces tree in [[Update 1.65 "Way of the Samurai"]]. Shooting the same ammo as the [[Ha-Go|Ha-Go]] from a better cannon and using the same chassis as the [[Ta-Se]], this tank is a fair deal at rank I. It's definitely a good tank for beginners.

'''Survivability''':

With around 12 mm of armour all around, this tank is barely bulletproof. German and British machine guns can even knock you down at point-blank range (13 mm of maximum penetration). Your crew is cramped and not numerous, which makes surviving a shot really unlikely. This is definitely not the tank to expose to any kind of shots. With its small turret, hull-down positions are efficient with this tank.

;Mobility

Sharing the [[Ta-Se]]'s chassis, this tank is quite fast and can achieve surprising feats of mobility. Coupled with a god turret traverse speed, this tank can be reliably used in flanking manoeuvres. With its narrow tracks and good HP ratio, this tank is fast on almost any ground but easily loses speed on rough terrain or steep hills. Another good characteristic from this tank is its reverse speed of -7 km/h that allow it to effectively use peek-a-boo tactics.

;Firepower

Sharing the Ha-Go's ammunition but increasing its velocity, this tank offers a good learning curve from its predecessor. Though this cannon does not have the best penetration at rank I, it does have a good amount of HE filler in order to ensure that each penetrating shot deals damage. This gun only has one type of ammo but this is compensated by the presence of a coaxial MG, which can deal with unarmored targets often found at this BR.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 12 + 10 mm (20-27°) ''Front plate'' 12 mm (71°) ''Front glacis'' 12 mm (2-58°) ''Lower glacis'' || 12 mm (29-34°) ''Top'' 12 mm ''Bottom'' || 10 mm (52°) ''Top'' 10 mm (12-52°) ''Bottom'' || 10 mm
|-
| Turret || 12 mm (0-81°) ''Turret front'' 16 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 12 mm (25°) || 12 mm (25°) 10 mm (24-25°) ''Rear door'' || 9 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are both 15 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Mobility characteristic
|-
! Weight (tons)
! colspan="1" | Add-on Armour weight (tons)
! colspan="1" | Max speed (km/h)
|-
| rowspan="2" | 7.2 || colspan="1" rowspan="2" | N/A || colspan="1" | 50 (AB)
|-
|45 (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine power (horsepower)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|141
|173
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|115
|130
|-
! colspan="3" | Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|19.58
|24.03
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|15.75
|18.05
|-
|}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|Type 100 (37 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Type 100 (37 mm)|37 mm Type 100]]
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
! rowspan="1" | Stabilizer
|-
| colspan="3" | 110 || -15°/+18° || ±180° || Vertical
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! style="width:4em" |Mode
! style="width:4em" |Stock
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || 16.18 || 22.40 || __.__ || 30.1 || 32.00
|-
| ''Realistic'' || 10.12 || 11.90 || 14.5 || 16.0 || 17.00
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| 4.29 || 3.8 || 3.5 || 3.30
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 0° Angle of Attack'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| Type 1 APHE || APHE || 47 || 44 || 32 || 22 || 15 || 10
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| Type 1 APHE || APHE || 700 || 0.72 || 1.2 || 9 || 10.24 || || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
|}

===== [[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] =====
[[File:Ammoracks_Ke-Ni.png|right|x250px|thumbnail|[[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] of the Ke-Ni]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Full ammo
! class="wikitable unsortable" |1st rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |2nd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |3rd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |4th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |5th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Visual discrepancy
|-
|| '''110''' || 105 ''(+5)'' || 99 ''(+11)'' || 81 ''(+29)'' || 41 ''(+69)'' || 1 ''(+109)'' || style="text-align:left" | No
|-
|}

Only left side: 81 ''(+29)''

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|Type 97 tank (7.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | [[Type 97 tank (7.7 mm)|7.7 mm Type 97]]
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Coaxial mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 3,000 (20) || 499 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in the battles ==

Being a light tank, the Ke-Ni cannot engage enemies head-on. To succeed in an assault, you need to be sneaky. Flanking is your best option, routing the enemy and going behind them. The 37mm gun can penetrate most Rank I tanks if you hit their weak spots, though it may take a few shots. Your first aim should be to take out the engine and then the gunner or cannon and then go from there. Never linger for too long in an open field since anything can kill you with ease. Use your good gun depression to keep a hull-down position behind hills and just pop out to shoot. Hide in bushes or behind buildings or rocks. You are quite small. Use this to your advantage.

===Modules===
{| class="wikitable"
! Tier
! colspan="2" |Mobility
! Protection
! colspan="3" |Firepower
|-
| I
| Tracks||
| Parts
| Horizontal Drive
|-
| II
| Suspension||Brake System
| FPE
| Adjustment of Fire
|-
| III
| Filters||
| Crew Replenishment
| Elevation Mechanism
|-
| IV
| Transmission||Engine
|
| Artillery Support
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* Low profile tank.
* Slightly improved 37 mm cannon compared to the [[Ha-Go|Ha-Go]], able to penetrate the majority of rank 1.
* Coaxial [[Type 97 tank (7.7 mm)|Type 97]] machine gun (Japanese early tanks rarely have this feature).
* Big ammo load.
* Good reload time.
* Small ammo racks.
* Small engine: hard to hit from the front.
* Good turret traverse.
* -15° of depression.
* Has lock, which is a primitive form of the vertical stabiliser.
* Decent reverse speed (-7 km/h)

'''Cons:'''

* Relatively little armour, can be penetrated by 12.7mm machine guns
* Only one ammunition choice, can have difficulty dealing with heavily armoured tanks
* Only 3 crew members (little backup if knocked out)
* Crew is cramped
* Hard to angle due to the shape of the armour

== History ==


A replacement for the Ha-Go light tank, 104 of the Type 98 Ke-Ni were built between 1942 and 1943. They were retained for home defense and did not see combat.

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article will be video guides, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== Read also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example,''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

''ETC.''

== Sources ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Japan light tanks}}

M3 Lee

2019-08-20T15:49:02Z

U21108453: Changed 75mm gun penetration to represent current game values

{{Specs-Card|code=us_m3_lee}}
{{About
| about = American medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = M3 (Disambiguation)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_M3Lee.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{specs|name}}''' is a rank {{specs|rank}} American medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. This tank was one of the first American tanks to be released with the American ground tree in [[Update 1.45 "Steel Generals"]]. The M3 Lee gives the player a substantial upgrade in firepower and armour compared to the [[M2|M2 Medium]] and [[M2A4|M2 Lights]] with a combination of 37 mm and 75 mm cannon on the tank. The two guns make this tank awkward and hard to control for a new player but will give an edge when its handling and operation are mastered properly.

The M3 Lee is most well recognized for its tall profile and two cannons. The suspension resembles that of the [[M4|M4 Sherman]], the only notable difference being the return rollers' positions. The hull front is also stepped into two plates, where the upper is closer to vertical. The large sponson on the right side of the tank carries the main 75 mm gun; note that with 2 crew, it is the operational gun. The 37 mm gun is in a turret, mounted with a leftward offset, and has a small MG cupola on top.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

'''Armour type:'''

*Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull, Turret roof)
*Cast homogeneous armour (Turret, Transmission area)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 38.1 mm (54°) ''Front Glacis'' 50.8 mm (15-55°) ''Transmission area'' 50.8 mm (29°) ''Driver port'' 38.1 mm (0-57°) ''Hull gun mount'' || 38.1 mm (0-22°) ''Top'' 38.1 mm ''Bottom'' || 38.1 mm (1-14°) ''Top'' 38.1 mm (15-53°) ''Bottom'' || 12.7 mm
|-
| Turret || 50.8 mm (11-65°) ''Turret front'' 38.1 mm (1-82°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 50.8 mm (0-66°) || 50.8 mm (1-54°) || 22.2 mm
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Roof
|-
| Cupola || 50.8 mm || 50.8 mm || 50.8 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick, bogies are 10 mm thick, and tracks are 17 mm thick.
* Hull doors and vision ports are 38.1 mm thick.

When combating this tank, avoid its 75 mm gun by flanking the vehicle, then get in close and hug the sides or rear of the vehicle to prevent them from turning and going under the 37 mm's depression range. Aim for the large superstructure, a solid penetration will knock out all 6 crew members or make the ammunition combust. Note that firing through the side hatch will usually destroy the tank in a single shot, owing to the lack of sloping and ammunition storage.

=== Mobility ===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Mobility characteristic
|-
! Weight (tons)
! colspan="1" | Add-on Armor weight (tons)
! colspan="1" | Max speed (km/h)
|-
| rowspan="2" | 27.7 || colspan="1" rowspan="2" | N/A || colspan="1" | 43 (AB)
|-
|39 (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine power (horsepower)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|620
|763
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|354
|400
|-
! colspan="3" | Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|22.38
|27.54
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|12.78
|14.44
|-
|}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|M5 (37 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[M5 (37 mm)|37 mm M5]]
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
! rowspan="1" | Stabilizer
|-
| colspan="3" | 179 || -7°/+60° || ±180° || Vertical
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! style="width:4em" |Mode
! style="width:4em" |Stock
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || 10.70 || 14.80 || 18.00 || 19.90 || 21.20
|-
| ''Realistic'' || 10.70 || 12.60 || 15.30 || 16.92 || 18.0
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| 3.77 || 3.33 || 3.07 || 2.90
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 90°'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| M74B1 || AP || 78 || 76 || 65 || 54 || 44 || 37
|-
| M51B1/B2 || APC || 78 || 76 || 65 || 54 || 44 || 37
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| M74B1 || AP || 883 || 0.87 || N/A || N/A || N/A || -1° || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| M51B1/B2 || APC || 883 || 0.87 || N/A || N/A || N/A || +4° || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
|}

===== [[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] =====
[[File:Ammoracks_M3Lee.png|right|thumbnail|400px|[[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] of the M3 Lee.]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Full ammo
! class="wikitable unsortable" |1st rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |2nd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |3rd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |4th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |5th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |6th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |7th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |8th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |9th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |10th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |11th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |12th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |13th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |14th rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''179''' || 176 ''(+3)'' || 172 ''(+7)'' || 168 ''(+11)'' || 160 ''(+19)''|| 153 ''(+26)''|| 148 ''(+31)'' || 140 ''(+39)'' || 133 ''(+46)'' || 129 ''(+50)'' || 116 ''(+63)'' || 105 ''(+50)'' || 63 ''(+116)'' || 21 ''(+158)'' || 1 ''(+178)''|| Yes
|-
|}

=== Additional armament ===

{{main|M2 (75 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[M2 (75 mm)|75 mm M2]]
|-
! colspan="6" | ''Hull mount''
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
! rowspan="1" | Stabilizer
|-
| colspan="3" | 50 || -9°/+20° || ±15° || Vertical
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert Qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace Qualif.
|-
| 6.50 || 5.75 || 5.30 || 5.00
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 90°'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| M72 shot || AP ||84||82||73||62||53||46
|-
| M48 shell || HE || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10
|-
| M62 shot || APCBC ||96||94||84||73||63||55
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| M72 shot || AP || 588 || 6.3 || N/A || N/A || N/A || -1° || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| M48 shell || HE || 448 || 6.3 || 0.4 || 0.5 || 666 || +0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| M62 shot || APCBC || 588 || 6.8 || 1.2 || 20 || 63.7 || +4° || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke characteristic
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity in m/s
! Projectile Mass in kg
! ''Screen radius in m''
! ''Screen time in s''
! ''Screen hold time in s:''
! ''Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):''
|-
| M89 || 259 || 3 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50
|-
|}

===== [[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Full ammo
! class="wikitable unsortable" |1st rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |2nd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''50''' || 10 ''(+40)'' || 1 ''(+49)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|Browning (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | [[Browning (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Commander cupola mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 3,000 (250) || 500 || -10°/+60° || ±180°
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Coaxial mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 3,000 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The multiple cannons allow for different combinations of attack. The 37 mm gun on the full 360° traverse turret allows for a diverse role on the M3, with its high-velocity and effective round for long-range fighting, but with a fast reload for close-quarter encounters. The 75 mm on the sponson mount has the same penetration level as the 37 mm, but with a very high post-penetration damage with the right ammo at the cost of lower velocity, and thus a shorter battle range. The limited traverse on the 75 mm mount also means it is not as flexible as the turreted 37 mm. With these two cannon, the M3 Lee can focus on close-range combat with the two cannons fighting a single tank or engage two separate tanks at a longer range. Closer range combat is supported by the M3's adequate sloped frontal armour, able to withstand most enemy fire at its battle rating. It is recommended to set the keys to allow separate firing of the cannons for maximum effectiveness.

Still, different guns mean different styles of play. The M3 can also play as a tank destroyer, using its sponson gun to take shots at medium range and it's 37 mm to cover the flanks and make longer range snipe shots. The M3 Lee can also be used as an assault tank, quickly advancing on points while switching between the powerful 75 mm gun and the faster-firing 37 mm. It is also possible to completely ignore the 37 mm and focus solely on the 75 mm as it is a far more effective gun with its HE filler in its APCBC, as well as being easier to manage for newer players. In all game modes, the weapons should be assigned to different keys, this will allow the tank to aim using the sights of the three guns separately, allowing more accurate targeting at ranges, especially for the 75 mm gun. Since the 75 mm is in a side sponson, it is also possible to approach cover to where only the 37 mm is showing, allowing the tank to fire with most of the tank's profile hidden.

Being at BR 2.7, the M3 Lee has a possibility of facing long-barrelled [[Pz.III L|Pz.Kpfw. III]], and [[Pz.IV F2|Pz.Kpfw. IV]], as well as [[T-34 (1941)|T-34]]s, and (rarely) the [[Chi-Nu II]]. The ZiS-30 is also very deadly, as its gun is competitive even at 5.7. The 75 mm gun can reliable penetrate all of these tanks at short range (save the T-34), whereas the 37 mm will require some particular shot placement.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* Ability to use two guns: a 37mm and a 75mm - which is unique as well as useful at this rank
* Acceptable frontal armour
* Side mounted 75mm gives the ability for some unique tactics
* 75mm gun is comparable to the ones mounted on the later Sherman tanks
* Despite the tall profile, the "wedding cake" design of the turret has thick sloped armour, providing extra protection to make up for its height
* 6 crew members, harder to fully knock-out
* Has three different turrets. The 75 mm sponson, the 37 mm, and the .30 cal mounted above the 37 mm turret, and all of them can be controlled differently through key mapping
* Very effective when using weapon selection as one turret can cover the other when it's reloading
* 75mm is good for stationary

'''Cons:'''

* Tall profile, big target
* Losing crew members means losing functionality of one of the turrets
* 75mm sponson weapon does not allow for hull-down combat
* Tall position of turret restricts gun depression
* Slow traverse speeds make it easy for a light or a particularly speedy medium tank to sneak around the sides
* Weak-side armour
* Very awkward to use for new players
* Driver's port is a weak spot

== History ==


===Development===
The current main tank in US inventory in 1940 was the [[M2|M2 medium tank]], but the Battle of France showed that such a tank was not going to be capable to go against the German [[Pz.III F|Panzer IIIs]] and [[Pz.IV F1|Panzer IVs]] and their Panzer Divisions. With the Western Allies now embroiled in the North African campaign against the Germans and Italians, the Allies needed a good tank capable of going against the Panzer tanks, and they needed it quickly.<ref name="ZalogaM3Med">Zaloga Steven. ''M3 Lee/Grant Medium Tank 1941-45'' Great Britain: Osprey Publishing Ltd., 2005</ref>

The new tank design took elements from the M2 Medium, using the chassis and its VVSS suspension system. Part of the requirement for the new tank was to mount the more powerful 75 mm cannon. However, it was discovered that the United States does not have a turret design that can mount the 75 mm gun. But turret development takes time, and a new tank capable of fighting the Germans was needed now. Taking elements from French designs such as the Char B1, with its two cannon mounts, the American designers decided that the 75 mm, it can't be mounted on a turret, should be mounted on a sponson design on the hull. This design was tested on the M2 medium tank as the ''T5E2''. Ordnance approved it as combat-capable and the design was approved as the '''M3 Medium'''. The M3 Medium design had two cannons, the 75 mm on the hull sponson mount, and a 37 mm with a coaxial machine gun on a turret, a cupola on the turret had its own machine gun. The M3 Lee's 75 mm gun, however, presented a huge advantage over contemporary tank armaments as the 75 mm could fire high-explosive rounds for fortifications and artillery pieces, yet could fire a shell with a high enough velocity for anti-tank purposes.

The M3 design's faults were the high profile and the sponson mount for its armament. The M3 was 10 ft. 3 in. tall, a foot taller than the M2 medium tank. The 75 mm on a sponson mount meant that the main armament of the tank had a limited traverse compared to a rotatable turret and forced the tank to reveal much of its body in order to aim the gun at the enemy. The M3 Medium was also constructed out of rivets (which increased spalling) and had a smooth track design which reduced ground traction. Despite these disadvantages, the Allies happily accepted them as they were critically low on tanks, and German Colonel Hans von Luck considered them superior to the [[Pz.IV E|Panzer IV]]s from his experience in Africa.

The initial batch of M3 Lees was given to the British for their campaign at North Africa. The British experience with the M3 design pointed out most of its flaws, but they were concerned with the lack of radio in the turret and a lacking in armour, with which they requested a redesign. The new design had a new cast turret with room for radio, the hull had thicker armour, and the turret cupola's machine gun was removed for a simple hatch. The modified M3 also required one less crew member due to the radio now being in the turret for the commander rather than for a radio operator. The British ordered 1,250 of these modified M3 medium tanks.

On August 1941, production officially started on the M3 Mediums, though the armour was thicker than initials batches of the tank due to its combat experiences. A majority of these were completed at Baldwin Locomotive Works in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Of the total 6,258 M3s built between startup to the end of production in December 1942, 2,855 units went to the British and 1,386 went to the Soviet Union. Other users of the M3 were the Australians and Indians in the Pacific Theater. The M3 Mediums arriving in British arsenal caused confusion as the same "M3" designation was given to the [[M3 Stuart|M3 Light Tank]], plus there were two different design types of the M3 Mediums. This set off the tradition of naming American tanks after generals, where the M3 medium tank earned the ''Lee'' for the initial Americans design, [[Grant I|''Grant'']] for the British redesign, and the M3 light tank and its [[M5A1|successors]] earned the ''Stuart''.

===Combat usage===
Combat experience with the M3 Lee was complicated but favourable. In Africa, the Lees and Grants in British and American service surprised the German forces when they could withstand the [[KwK 38 (50 mm)|50 mm KwK 38 L/42 gun]] and [[KwK 37 (75 mm)|75 mm KwK 37 L/24 howitzer]] armament on the Panzer IIIs and Panzer IVs. The M3 Lee proved reliable and adequate in armour protection in British and American service. The Soviet's experience with the M3 Lee was less favourable, as their T-34 tanks were much better in combat performance. The Soviets euphemistically called it a "grave for six men" and the Lee tanks were relegated to the secondary fronts or repurposed as armoured personnel carriers. In the Pacific, the M3 Lees were lent to the Australians and Indians, which proved vastly superior to the Japanese tanks in service. The high gun elevation on its 37 mm turret and machine guns proved effective in knocking Japanese sniper off from trees. The only American use of the M3 Lee at the Pacific Theater was during the Battle of Makin Island.

The M3 Lee served fine as a stop-gap solution for the American tank development. They performed very well on the combat field and proved very reliable. However, once a 75 mm turret was finally designed, the M3 Lee was redesigned to use it, and the resulting tank was the [[M4|M4 Sherman]], which will go on to replace the M3 tanks in the Allies as they are withdrawn from service. Even if it wasn't, the M3 was becoming obsolete due to newer German tanks being deployed, such as the [[Panther D|Panther]], [[Tiger H1|Tiger I]], or improvement of old chassis like the [[Pz.IV G|Panzer IV Ausf. G]] and [[StuG III F|StuG III Ausf. F]]. Its obsolescence was a consequence of its own rather unique development and anachronistic design, limiting this medium tank's service life to a mere two years in Allied hands. However, it lived on until the end of World War II in some modifications such as tractor and recovery vehicle. The chassis and running gear were adapted by the Canadians to develop their [[M4A5|''Ram'' medium tank]].<ref name="ZalogaM3Med" />

===An anecdote===

::"The 75 (mm gun) is firing. The 37 (mm gun) is firing, but it is traversed around the wrong way. The Browning (machine gun) is jammed. I am saying ‘Driver advance’ on the A set and the driver, who can’t hear me, is reversing. And as I look over the top of the turret and see twelve enemy tanks fifty yards away, someone hands me a cheese sandwich.” —''British Lieutenant Ken Giles, tank commander of a M3 Grant''<ref name="GrantAnecdote">Bell, Chris. "Fury: All You Need to Know about Life in a Tank." The Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group, 24 Oct. 2014. Web. 12 Jan. 2017. [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/film-news/11167575/Fury-all-you-need-to-know-about-life-in-a-tank.html Website]</ref>

=== In-game description ===
"The M3 was created based on the M2 medium tank, using almost all its components and powertrain assemblies in addition to its transmission and running gear. The tank offered a multi-tiered armament configuration and, as the first American tank armed with a 75 mm cannon, represented an important step forward in the development of tank design in the US.

In 1940 the Ordnance Department brought up requirements for a new medium tank, primary among them being a 75 mm weapon. The 2,134 mm long T7 75 mm cannon met the requirement as a modified version of the T6 cannon, which was designed for standard ammunition from 1897. The modernized weapon was designated the M2, and installing it had a positive impact on the tank's firepower. On the other hand, mounting it in a side sponson greatly limited its arc of fire. The gun could only be moved horizontally by hand and was limited to 15° in either direction.

The next weapon modification was the M3 cannon. Its barrel length was extended to 2,810 mm, which both boosted initial shell velocity from 564 m/s to 610 m/s and eliminated the need for a counterweight.

The M3 used a riveted hull, while its configuration featured a forward-sitting transmission, battle compartment in the middle, and engine bay in the back. The tank's outline was quite exotic as a result of trying to combine comfort for the crew and high firepower.

The first modification was under full-scale production from April 1941 to August 1942, with five companies building a total of 4,924 units.
The M3 Lee launched its combat career in North Africa in 1942. Deliveries were also made to the USSR via Lend-Lease for use on the Eastern Front from 1942 to 1943."

== Media ==


* [http://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?q=#M3_Lee Skins and camouflages for the M3 Lee from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://warthunder.com/en/news/2658/current/ [Historical<nowiki>]</nowiki> Steel Generals: M3 Lee]
* [http://warthunder.com/en/devblog/current/712/ [Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> Developers about M3 Lee]

{{USA medium tanks}}
<references />

AMC.34 YR

2019-08-02T08:57:18Z

U21108453: /* Description */ Changing to reflect the performance of the gun after the penetration changes.

{{Specs-Card|code=fr_amc_34}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{specs|name}}''' (Combat machinegun-car) is a reserve rank {{specs|rank}} French light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.75 "La Résistance"]]. It features a well-armoured turret on a fragile chassis and a subpar SA34 L/30 cannon as the main armament. This is the best as French reserve tanks get...

Being not so fast, not so well-armoured and not so powerful, this tank is clearly not one to be bold with. Any other reserve tank you may encounter has a canon that penetrates about 150% more than yours and can fire twice as fast, so never engage an enemy head-on. Instead, as with most rank 1 French vehicles, stick with the team and follow flanking manoeuvres. Do not go out in an open field since your armour cannot protect you from incoming shots, your cannon cannot reliably engage an enemy, and your mobility does not allow for dodging. At best, this tank is a ''support brawler''; at worse, it is a decoy for the enemy to shoot a round of ammunition at.

This tank's turret is its best attire: thick, sloped, and small. It is nearly invincible in a hull-down position. Otherwise, any penetrating frontal shot has a good chance to one-shot you: on the left side, a big ammo-rack can be easily detonated while on the right side, your only 2 crew members are all lined-up. Its mobility is "Not the best but still good" in terms of characterization. With about 15 HP/ton, it can carry its user to a good position.

Firepower is the main worry of early French tanks: they are subpar. With at most 27 mm of penetration at point-blank ranges, poor ballistics and an awful reload time, this the worst reserve main armament. This gun is best used in assisting allied flanking manoeuvres and close-quarter engagements.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

The AMC.34 YR fits all definitions of a light tank. It has very little armour and very little space - it can't take a shot. When looking at it frontally, the AMC.34 YR has a big ammo rack on the left, and both crew members on the right, meaning that any shot that penetrates will almost certainly destroy the tank. When looking side-on, the AMC.34 YR has two other ammo racks in the middle, and right behind those, there are crew members (if any of them are taken out, the tank is destroyed); the only way that this tank can survive when shot side-on is if the enemy shoots too far back, where there's only a single fuel tank. However, with short reloads at rank I, the enemy is likely to reload in-time to finish the job.

Generally, the AMC.34 YR ''can't'' get shot, if it does - it is destroyed. This is easier to accomplish in realistic battles, where bushes can be used as cover, as well as buildings. However, in arcade battles, the AMC.34 YR has to be played extremely carefully and the player should expect the enemies to know their exact location.

'''Armour type:'''

* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret)
* Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 20 mm (18-24°) ''Front plate'' 10 mm (88°), 20 mm (29°) ''Front glacis'' 20 mm (41°) ''Lower glacis'' || 18 mm || 10 mm (22-44°) ''Top'' 10 mm (24°) ''Bottom'' || 10 mm
|-
| Turret || 35 mm ''Turret front'' 35 mm (0-70°) ''Gun mantlet'' 56 mm (0-62°) ''Machine gun cover'' || 35 mm (0-22°) || 35 mm (22-26°) 38 mm (22°) ''Turret hatch'' || 30 mm
|-
! Armour !! Sides !! Roof
|-
| Cupola || 35 mm || 30 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels, bogies, and tracks are 15 mm thick
* Turret ring is 10 mm thick

=== Mobility ===

The AMC.34 YR is one of the more mobile rank I French tanks. It can reach speeds of up to 40 km/h when on hard, flat ground and it turns rather well. However, its speed can't be used to avoid enemy fire, since the maps at this rank are quite small, and usually, enemies are still able to align their shots due to very short reload speeds. Nevertheless, the player should move around the map when playing the AMC.34 YR, especially in realistic battles. If the enemies don't know your position, they can't shoot you - and you can't take any chances.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Mobility characteristic
|-
! Weight (tons)
! colspan="1" | Add-on Armour weight (tons)
! colspan="1" | Max speed (km/h)
|-
| rowspan="2" | 9.7 || colspan="1" rowspan="2" | N/A || colspan="1" | 45 (AB)
|-
|40 (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine power (horsepower)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|130
|160
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|106
|120
|-
! colspan="3" | Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|13.40
|16.49
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|10.93
|12.37
|-
|}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|SA34 L/30 (47 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[SA34 L/30 (47 mm)|47 mm SA34 L/30]]
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
! rowspan="1" | Stabilizer
|-
| colspan="3" | 76 || -8°/+12° || ±180° || Vertical
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! style="width:4em" |Mode
! style="width:4em" |Stock
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || 14.95 || 20.69 || __.__ || __.__ || 29.55
|-
| ''Realistic'' || 9.34 || 10.99 || __.__ || __.__ || 15.70
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| 7.80 || __.__ || __.__ || 6.00
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 0° Angle of Attack'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| Mle1892G || APHE || 27 || 25 || 20 || 14 || 11 || 8
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| Mle1892G || APHE || 450 || 1.5 || 1.2 || 6.0 || 50 || ° || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
|}

===== [[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] =====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumbnail|x250px|[[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] of the AMC.34 YR.]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Full ammo
! class="wikitable unsortable" |1st rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |2nd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |3rd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Visual discrepancy
|-
|| '''76''' || 52 ''(+24)'' || 24 ''(+52)'' || 1 ''(+75)'' || style="text-align:left" | no
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|MAC 31 (7.5 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | [[MAC 31 (7.5 mm)|7.5 mm MAC 31]]
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Coaxial mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 1,800 (150) || 1,350 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

Play carefully. The AMC.34 YR is the opposite of survivable, so you can't get shot, at all. Your gun will struggle to penetrate early Italian tanks and some German tanks, which you will encounter the most, so learn the weak spots and flank. Below are some strategies that may help you out when operating the AMC.34 YR:

;'''Hull-down:'''

* With its thickest armour being on the turret, this tank performs fairly well in ambush positions ''near'' a choke-point: find yourself a rock, trench or hill and poke your turret out. You should have a good view of the battlefield while bouncing most incoming rounds, although don't take your chances and use cover to hide from the enemies. Even if you found a good spot, reposition every now and then since you ''will'' be spotted and dealt with in no time.

;'''Support:'''

* Assisting your allies will be your best use of this tank, whether by breaking tracks/guns of your enemies or by scouting and marking enemies on the map (or calling them out in the chat). Do try to steal targets from your allies, since its the best you can do. However, do keep in mind that your penetration and reload time are awful, never engage anything alone, or without cover nearby, since you will likely be destroyed.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* Has APHE shell (Mle1892G)
* Turret is well armoured and angled
* MAC 31 machine gun as coaxial MG is good
* Tiny target
* Best French reserve tank so far...

'''Cons:'''

* Has bad penetration values
* Reload time is twice as slow as any other reserve tanks
* Bad speed
* Hull armour is only 20 mm thick and flat
* Turret ring is only 30 mm thick
* Only 2 crew members are lined up and cramped: easy to one-shot
* Huge ammo racks are easy to detonate

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ground vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== Encyclopedia Info ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''
* ''other literature.''

{{France light tanks}}

Ka-Mi

2019-07-31T19:54:35Z

U21108453: /* Mobility */ Changing weight from 10.9 tons to 9.1 tons as per Update 1.87.1.19.

{{Specs-Card|code=jp_type_2_ka_mi}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{specs|name}}''' is a rank {{specs|rank}} Japanese light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced along with the entire initial Japanese Ground Forces tree in [[Update 1.65 "Way of the Samurai"]]. It should be noted that the Type 2 Ka-Mi is not amphibious on its own, and requires external modifications in forms of pontoons to make it truly amphibious.

'''Survivability''':

The Ka-Mi is features a very unusual layout. Being originally purposed as an amphibious tank, it lacks its buoys to float in game, hence we have the light armour pattern of an amphibious vehicle without its amphibious capacity (worst case scenario). (Yes, these pincer-like fixtures you see on the hull are the buoys' attachement points, they are useless ). With an armour ranging around 8 to 12 mm on larger portions of the hull, this tank is very fragile to anything bigger than MG fire. To increase survivability, one can enter a fight rearwards in order to absorb shots with the engine deck. (Yes, these are propellers you see below the engine deck, they are useless.)

This armour pattern really shines at distances (500+ m), where a little angling can mostly defeat HMG fire. Since most guns at this BR are quite inaccurate, exposing only your small turret should not be a problem since it is hard to hit. If caught in an open field ( still at distances), try facing directly your foe since angling is useless with such little armour values, that way, some shells can just fly by your crew in the inhabited portions of the tank (ammo racks located there are pretty small, they are often missed in these cases).

The 37 mm is a decent gun with a good reload time and good ammo count: don't bother wasting a shot, fire on the move. This tank has a "lock", which is a primitive form of gun stabiliser, decreasing vertical movement from the main armament. Note that turret rotation speed is somewhat slow: pre-aim your gun in the general direction of the enemy in close-quarter engagements.

One thing that saves the Ka-Mi's reputation is its MG count: there is 3 of them. One is coaxial, fired by gunner, another is pintle-mounted, fired by gunner and the last one is hull-mounted, fired by the machine-gunner. These weapons have a good burst capacity to take out light targets (soviet SPAA trucks, open-topped SPGs, etc.). One downside of the [[Type 97 tank (7.7 mm)|Type 97]] machine gun is it's low ammo count, which limits bursts to a couple of seconds before having to reload.

The Ka-Mi provides a decent top speed on road but lacks power when going off-road. Narrow tracks makes mobility in snow/desert maps really painful. Good thing to mention: this tank has a respectable reverse speed of -11 km/h with two reverse gear, which is a rare feature at this BR. It can sometimes get you out of bad situations.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 12 mm (30°) ''Front plate'' 6 mm (83°) ''Front glacis'' 12 mm (4-39°) ''Lower glacis'' || 10 mm || 10 mm (12°) ''Middle'' 12 mm (59°) ''Side'' || 6 mm
|-
| Turret || 12 mm (0-8°) ''Turret front'' 30 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 12 mm (10-12°) || 12 mm (12-13°) || 6 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are both 15 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 6 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Mobility characteristic
|-
! Weight (tons)
! colspan="1" | Add-on Armour weight (tons)
! colspan="1" | Max speed (km/h)
|-
| rowspan="2" |9.1|| colspan="1" rowspan="2" | N/A || colspan="1" | 44 (AB)
|-
|40 (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine power (horsepower)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|125
|153
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|102
|115
|-
! colspan="3" | Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
!Stock
!Upgraded
|-
|''Arcade''
|13.74
|16.81
|-
|''Realistic/Simulator''
|11.21
|12.64
|-
|}

== Armaments ==
=== Main armament ===

{{main|Type 1 (37 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Type 1 (37 mm)|37 mm Type 1]]
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
! rowspan="1" | Stabilizer
|-
| colspan="3" | 132 || -10°/+24° || ±180° || Vertical
|-
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! style="width:4em" |Mode
! style="width:4em" |Stock
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| ''Arcade'' || 7.2 || 10.0 || 12.1 || 21.4 || __.__
|-
| ''Realistic'' || 7.2 || 8.5 || 10.3 || 11.4 || __.__
|-
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
|-
| 5.2 || 4.6 || 4.2 || __.__
|-
|}

===== Ammunition =====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 90°'''
|-
! 10m
! 100m
! 500m
! 1000m
! 1500m
! 2000m
|-
| Type 94 APHE || APHE || 42 || 40 || 33 || 26 || 20 || 15
|-
| Type 1 APHE || APHE || 47 || 44 || 30 || 19 || 12 || 7
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" |Velocity in m/s
! rowspan="2" |Projectile Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
''in m:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
''in mm:''
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):''
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° from horizontal:''
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
|-
! 0%
! 50%
! 100%
|-
| Type 94 APHE || APHE || 700 || 0.67 || 1.3 || 15 || || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| Type 1 APHE || APHE || 800 || 0.62 || 1.3 || 15 || || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
|}

===== [[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] =====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|x250px|thumbnail|[[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] of the Ka-Mi.]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Full ammo
! class="wikitable unsortable" |1st rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |2nd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |3rd rack empty
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Visual discrepancy
|-
|| '''132''' || 73 ''(+59)'' || 25 ''(+107)'' || 1 ''(+131)'' || style="text-align:left" | No
|-
|}

73 ''(+59)''

=== Machine guns ===

{{main|Type 97 tank (7.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | [[Type 97 tank (7.7 mm)|7.7 mm Type 97]]
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Coaxial mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 4,000 (20) || 499 || N/A || N/A
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Hull mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 3,000 (20) || 499 || -11°/+35° || ±20°
|-
! colspan="7" | ''Pintle mount''
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity)
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate (shots/minute)
! rowspan="1" | Vertical guidance
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal guidance
|-
| colspan="4" | 1,000 (20) || 499 || -10°/+70° || ±60°
|-
|}

== Usage in the battles ==

With its average armour, firepower and mobility, the Ka-Mi should be played wisely, with a bit of finesse: you will not survive frontal engagement, neither can you flank nor snipe...so what's left ? Support. ''Always'' play as a team when driving the Ka-Mi, bringing an additionnal potent close range gun to the fight, threatening your foes while more potent allies reload.

Use hills to your advantage, fall back when outnumbered and beware difficult terrain since it can slow down your manoeuvres. Never rely on your armour.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros'''

* 37 mm gun have decent post-penetration damage.
* Has an anti-aircraft MG.
* Tiny turret. Hard to target it at range.
* High ammo count (both cannon and MG).
* 10° gun depression.
* Decent reverse speed (-11 km/h).
* Has a coaxial machine gun, unlike most low tier Japanese tanks.
* Has optics both sides of the gun mantlet that gives it two cute eyes.

'''Cons'''

* 37 mm penetration value starting to feel lacking.
* Hull size is wider than other Japanese light tanks.
* Hull front plate is thin and relatively unsloped.
* Not amphibious, despite propellers in back.
* Big target.
* Only two ammo choice, both APHE, one is clearly superior over the other.
* Narrow tracks means poor off-road mobility.
* Low engine HP makes hill-climbing difficult.

== History ==

===Development===
While the tanks were mainly in the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA), the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) also owned their own land forces known as the Special Naval Landings Forces (SNLF). Their standard tanks was the [[Ha-Go|Type 95 Ha-Go]], but the SNLF wanted a more capable tank for the role, namely one fitted for amphibious landings. The Japanese have touched upon the amphibious tank concept since the 1930s, but one for the rough seas needed more durability than one for rivers. The IJN approached Mitsubishi in 1941 to develop the new amphibious tank, named '''Ka-Mi''' "Special Craft". The tank was to go along with the IJA's Type 2 Ke-To light tank, using a similar turret design. The suspension of the vehicle was one derived from the Ha-Go. The amphibious capability was given to the tank via two removable pontoons on the front and back of the tank. A trunk and tower was fitted over the engine and turret respectively to prevent water from flowing into the engine and crew compartment. The vehicle, accepted as the '''Type 2 Ka-Mi''', began production in 1943. Up to 182 tanks were produced from then until the end of the war.<ref name="ZalogaJapaneseTank">Zaloga Steven. ''Japanese Tanks 1939-1945'' Great Britain: Osprey Publishing Ltd., 2007</ref>

===Combat Usage===
The Type 2 Ka-Mi saw use in the combat in 1944 in Saipan and Leyte.<ref name="ZalogaJapaneseTank" /> They assisted the stationed SNLF units on these islands in attacking the American beachheads via amphibious assaults. The Ka-Mi were also stationed in Luzon as a handful were captured by Allied forces in 1945. Their limited numbers and usage meant they fought with relative obscurity to the IJA's [[Chi-Ha Kai|Type 97 Chi-Ha]] tanks. However, the Type 2 Ka-Mi was deemed rather successful by the IJN, some have dubbed it the "best designed amphibious tank of the war" after World War II. This led to the successors like the Type 3 Ka-Chi, a parallel to the [[Chi-He|Type 1 Chi-He]], and the Type 5 To-Ku, based off the [[Chi-Ri II|Type 5 Chi-Ri]].

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article will be video guides, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

==References==
<references />

== Read also ==

* [https://warthunder.com/en/news/4328-development-type-2-ka-mi-beach-patrol-en/ [Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> Type 2 Ka-Mi: Beach Patrol] 

== Sources ==


{{Japan light tanks}}