War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

XA-38

2022-01-25T15:52:45Z

U16087030: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=xa_38
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_xa_38.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} American strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.71 "New E.R.A."]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,573 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 595 || 574 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.2 || 30.1 || 8.7 || 8.7 || rowspan="2" | 700
|-
! Upgraded
| 638 || 616 || 26.9 || 28.0 || 14.6 || 11.4
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 333 || 325 || 280 || ~7 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 360 || < 270 || < 400 || > 390
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 9.5 mm steel - in front of the cockpit
* 7 mm steel - sides of the cockpit
* 7 mm steel - below the cockpit
* 12.7 mm steel - pilot's seat
* 38 mm bulletproof glass - in front of the pilot (inside the cockpit)
* 7 mm steel - below the rear gunner
* 9.5 mm steel - aft of rear gunner
* 38 mm bulletproof glass - aft of rear gunner (inside aircraft)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M10 (75 mm)|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 75 mm M10 cannon, nose-mounted (20 rpg)
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, chin-mounted (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AN-M30A1 (100 lb)|AN-M57 (250 lb)|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x 100 lb AN-M30A1 bombs (400 lb total)
* 4 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (1,000 lb total)
* 4 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, dorsal turret (500 rpg = 1,000 total)
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, ventral turret (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==


When flying the XA-38 Grizzly, do note it can be used as either an interceptor (bomber hunter) or a ground attack/close air support aircraft. It's best to fire your machine guns or your 75 mm cannon separately as they both aim differently.

;Bomber Hunter

Thanks to its air spawn and impressive top speed, the XA-38 Grizzly can be used as a bomber hunter. The ammo of choice when dealing with enemy bombers is HEI-T: 1 single hit from this shell will destroy any airframe. The well-armoured cockpit also means the pilot will be well protected from the defensive armament of any bomber it attacks. However, the XA-38 is one of the larger targets a bomber can shoot back at, and the unprotected engines can easily be set on fire or disabled entirely. You'll also be prey to any enemy fighters or interceptors that choose to take advantage of your new role. This is less of an issue when hunting bombers at low altitude, as you can often take out a bomber and retreat before the enemy fighters can respond.

;Ground Attack/Close Air Support

The XA-38 is a great plane for ground pounding. The 75 mm cannon AP-T can reliably destroy pillboxes, medium tanks and light tanks, while the HEI-T can destroy any thinly armoured vehicles. The option to carry 4x 500 lbs bombs also gives some extra opportunities for killing targets, although these are wing-mounted bombs, which are not only inaccurate but also hamper your speed somewhat. In Air RB, these bombs often work best to eliminate AA and armoured cars at the back of tank convoys, clearing any potential anti-aircraft fire before engaging the tanks.

The Grizzly is a fast aircraft, and this should be used to your advantage. Dive in fast and escape fast and you can effectively dodge AA fire, as well as outrun some enemy fighters at low speed, especially when top tier. Also, the .50 cal gun turrets can be used to strafe ground targets after your first pass, although it's recommended to load the armoured target or universal belts to ensure maximum damage. These guns are quite accurate, have a good rate of fire, and can eliminate light tanks and light pillboxes.

The drawbacks to the Grizzly come with its main armament. The 75 mm gun, while immensely powerful, has a very slow rate of fire, meaning you're only likely to get two shots maximum at a target before you pass over it. Also, while it can kill light pillboxes, it might take multiple hits, which can be a waste of ammo since the gun only has 20 shells total. Don't be afraid to use your machine guns in addition to the cannon when targeting pillboxes. These MGs, while effective, are also lacking. There are only two of them, and they carry mid-war belts, meaning they don't pack as much punch as a lot of the 12.7 mm MGs on a lot of American fighter-bombers at this same tier. Thankfully, they are nose-mounted, meaning they're very accurate even at long ranges.

Finally, the Grizzly can be an easy target for low-altitude interception. The fuselage is a large target compared to single-engined planes, and only having one, very exposed gunner means you can lose your defensive armament immediately when attacked from above. Use your good speed and decent turn time to avoid shots and spray interceptors with the .50 cal guns to ward them off. Also, avoid head-ons. While the 75 mm might be tempting as a one-shot-machine, its poor rate of fire and long-range accuracy makes it useless in head-on engagements against the many cannon-armed fighters you face at this tier. Your MGs also won't be much help since there are only two of them. Keep fighters behind or away from you and use your gunners' excellent firing arcs and ammo counts to ward off opponents.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good survivability:
** Protected from every angle of attack by two .50 calibre machine gun turrets
** Can tank quite a bit of damage
** Reasonably fast for an attack aircraft
** Reasonably manoeuvrable
* Devastating main armament:
** Incredible destructive capabilities of the 75 mm HEI-T shells, will decimate any aerial targets upon contact
** Fantastic anti-armour capabilities with the AP-T shells. The AP-T shells carry characteristics of APHE shells, minimizing the number of hits on a selected target to destroy them
** 75 mm M10 cannon has great accuracy at close ranges
** Cannon can penetrate destroyers and the lightly armoured sections of cruisers
* Can use the two forward-firing .50 calibre machine guns vs. fighter aircraft and light targets
* One of the faster attack aircraft at its tier, especially in RB. Can often outrun enemy fighters in a straight-line

'''Cons:'''

* Poor flight performance
** Terrible manoeuvrability at low speeds
** Bad climb rate
** Cannot turn without bleeding too much speed
** Will red-line and compress at ~690-700 km/h (~429-435 mph)
* A single crew member operates the two defensive turrets: you will lose all defensive capabilities if the turret operator is knocked out
* Main armament difficult to master
** 75 mm M10 cannon has a low muzzle velocity
** 75 mm M10 cannon lacks accuracy for long-range shooting
** Massive shell drop-off
** Limited cannon ammunition (20 rounds)
* Only two .50 calibre machine guns

== History ==


In December of 1942, the USAAF gave Beech Aircraft Corporation a contract to construct 2 prototypes of their Model 28 Destroyer. The Model 28 started off as a bomber design, but was changed to a ground attack aircraft, in order to replace the [[A-20G-25|A-20 Havoc]] in service. The design included a 75 mm cannon in order to ensure the plane could destroy armoured bunkers and tanks. 20 rounds were carried for the 75 mm cannon. There were also two .50 in Browning machine guns in the nose. There was a ventral and dorsal turret for self defense, with two .50 in Browning machine guns in each. The aircraft carried a crew of two, the pilot and the gunner. The gunner controlled both defensive turrets by remote control, using periscopes to aim. The Model 28, redesignated as the [[XA-38|XA-38 Grizzly]], started testing in 1944. It was proven to be reliable, and flew well in all regards for an attack aircraft. In addition, the armament was especially powerful and potent. However, the aircraft was never ordered, and never entered service.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=xa_38 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

'''Images'''<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:XA-38 Grizzly WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:XA-38 Grizzly WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:XA-38 Grizzly WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:XA-38 Grizzly WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:XA-38 Grizzly WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:XA-38 Grizzly WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|GSSJKUqU3WE|'''The Shooting Range #260''' - ''Challenge'' section at 08:46 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|ObEcMPqFBbE|'''The Shooting Range #259''' - ''Tips & Tricks'' section at 10:14 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|QsIlg4oEFP0|'''XA-38 Grizzly - Premium Gameplay''' - ''BaconGaming''|VF6t_SqHftE|'''Premium Review: XA-38 Grizzly [Specialist]''' - ''Jengar''}}

== See also ==


;Similar aircraft fitted with a large-calibre gun

* [[PBJ-1H]]
* [[Hs 129 B-3]]
* [[Ki-109]]
* [[P.108A serie 2]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/4930-development-xa-38-grizzly-packing-a-punch-en|[Devblog] XA-38 Grizzly - Packing a Punch]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/378366-xa-38/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[wikipedia:Beechcraft_XA-38_Grizzly|[Wikipedia] Beechcraft XA-38 Grizzly]]

{{AirManufacturer Beechcraft}}
{{USA strike aircraft}}
{{USA premium aircraft}}

XA-38

2022-01-25T15:51:31Z

U16087030: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=xa_38
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_xa_38.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} American strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.71 "New E.R.A."]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,573 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 595 || 574 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.2 || 30.1 || 8.7 || 8.7 || rowspan="2" | 700
|-
! Upgraded
| 638 || 616 || 26.9 || 28.0 || 14.6 || 11.4
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 333 || 325 || 280 || ~7 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 360 || < 270 || < 400 || > 390
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 9.5 mm steel - in front of the cockpit
* 7 mm steel - sides of the cockpit
* 7 mm steel - below the cockpit
* 12.7 mm steel - pilot's seat
* 38 mm bulletproof glass - in front of the pilot (inside the cockpit)
* 7 mm steel - below the rear gunner
* 9.5 mm steel - aft of rear gunner
* 38 mm bulletproof glass - aft of rear gunner (inside aircraft)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M10 (75 mm)|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 75 mm M10 cannon, nose-mounted (20 rpg)
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, chin-mounted (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AN-M30A1 (100 lb)|AN-M57 (250 lb)|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x 100 lb AN-M30A1 bombs (400 lb total)
* 4 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (1,000 lb total)
* 4 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, dorsal turret (500 rpg = 1,000 total)
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, ventral turret (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==


When flying the XA-38 Grizzly, do note it can be used as either an interceptor (bomber hunter) or a ground attack/close air support aircraft. It's best to fire your machine guns or your 75 mm cannon separately as they both aim differently.

;Bomber Hunter

Thanks to its air spawn and impressive top speed, the XA-38 Grizzly can be used as a bomber hunter. The ammo of choice when dealing with enemy bombers is HEI-T: 1 single hit from this shell will destroy any airframe. The well-armoured cockpit also means the pilot will be well protected from the defensive armament of any bomber it attacks. However, the XA-38 is one of the larger targets a bomber can shoot back at, and the unprotected engines can easily be set on fire or disabled entirely. You'll also be prey to any enemy fighters or interceptors that choose to take advantage of your new role. This is less of an issue when hunting bombers at low altitude, as you can often take out a bomber and retreat before the enemy fighters can respond.

;Ground Attack/Close Air Support

The XA-38 is a great plane for ground pounding. The 75 mm cannon AP-T can reliably destroy pillboxes, medium tanks and light tanks, while the HEI-T can destroy any thinly armoured vehicles. The option to carry 4x 500 lbs bombs also gives some extra opportunities for killing targets, although these are wing-mounted bombs, which are not only inaccurate but also hamper your speed somewhat. In Air RB, these bombs often work best to eliminate AA and armoured cars at the back of tank convoys, clearing any potential anti-aircraft fire before engaging the tanks.

The Grizzly is a fast aircraft, and this should be used to your advantage. Dive in fast and escape fast and you can effectively dodge AA fire, as well as outrun some enemy fighters at low speed, especially when top tier. Also, the .50 cal gun turrets can be used to strafe ground targets after your first pass, although it's recommended to load the armoured target or universal belts to ensure maximum damage. These guns are quite accurate, have a good rate of fire, and can eliminate light tanks and light pillboxes.

The drawbacks to the Grizzly come with its main armament. The 75 mm gun, while immensely powerful, has a very slow rate of fire, meaning you're only likely to get two shots maximum at a target before you pass over it. Also, while it can kill light pillboxes, it might take multiple hits, which can be a waste of ammo since the gun only has 20 shells total. Don't be afraid to use your machine guns in addition to the cannon when targeting pillboxes. These MGs, while effective, are also lacking. There are only two of them, and they carry mid-war belts, meaning they don't pack as much punch as a lot of the 12.7 mm MGs on a lot of American fighter-bombers at this same tier. Thankfully, they are nose-mounted, meaning they're very accurate even at long ranges.

Finally, the Grizzly can be an easy target for low-altitude interception. The fuselage is a large target compared to single-engined planes, and only having one, very exposed gunner means you can lose your defensive armament immediately when attacked from above. Use your good speed and decent turn time to avoid shots and spray interceptors with the .50 cal guns to ward them off. Also, avoid head-ons. While the 75 mm might be tempting as a one-shot-machine, its poor rate of fire and long-range accuracy makes it useless in head-on engagements against the many cannon-armed fighters you face at this tier. Your MGs also won't be much help since there are only two of them. Keep fighters behind or away from you and use your gunners' excellent firing arcs and ammo counts to ward off opponents.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good survivability:
** Protected from every angle of attack by two .50 calibre machine gun turrets
** Can tank quite a bit of damage
** Reasonably fast for an attack aircraft
** Reasonably manoeuvrable
* Devastating main armament:
** Incredible destructive capabilities of the 75 mm HEI-T shells, will decimate any aerial targets upon contact
** Fantastic anti-armour capabilities with the AP-T shells. The AP-T shells carry characteristics of APHE shells, minimizing the number of hits on a selected target to destroy them
** 75 mm M10 cannon has great accuracy at close ranges
** Cannon can penetrate destroyers and the lightly armoured sections of cruisers
* Can use the two forward-firing .50 calibre machine guns vs. fighter aircraft and light targets

'''Cons:'''

* Poor flight performance
** Terrible manoeuvrability at low speeds
** Bad climb rate
** Cannot turn without bleeding too much speed
** Will red-line and compress at ~690-700 km/h (~429-435 mph)
* A single crew member operates the two defensive turrets: you will lose all defensive capabilities if the turret operator is knocked out
* Main armament difficult to master
** 75 mm M10 cannon has a low muzzle velocity
** 75 mm M10 cannon lacks accuracy for long-range shooting
** Massive shell drop-off
** Limited cannon ammunition (20 rounds)
* Only two .50 calibre machine guns

== History ==


In December of 1942, the USAAF gave Beech Aircraft Corporation a contract to construct 2 prototypes of their Model 28 Destroyer. The Model 28 started off as a bomber design, but was changed to a ground attack aircraft, in order to replace the [[A-20G-25|A-20 Havoc]] in service. The design included a 75 mm cannon in order to ensure the plane could destroy armoured bunkers and tanks. 20 rounds were carried for the 75 mm cannon. There were also two .50 in Browning machine guns in the nose. There was a ventral and dorsal turret for self defense, with two .50 in Browning machine guns in each. The aircraft carried a crew of two, the pilot and the gunner. The gunner controlled both defensive turrets by remote control, using periscopes to aim. The Model 28, redesignated as the [[XA-38|XA-38 Grizzly]], started testing in 1944. It was proven to be reliable, and flew well in all regards for an attack aircraft. In addition, the armament was especially powerful and potent. However, the aircraft was never ordered, and never entered service.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=xa_38 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

'''Images'''<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:XA-38 Grizzly WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:XA-38 Grizzly WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:XA-38 Grizzly WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:XA-38 Grizzly WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:XA-38 Grizzly WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:XA-38 Grizzly WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|GSSJKUqU3WE|'''The Shooting Range #260''' - ''Challenge'' section at 08:46 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|ObEcMPqFBbE|'''The Shooting Range #259''' - ''Tips & Tricks'' section at 10:14 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|QsIlg4oEFP0|'''XA-38 Grizzly - Premium Gameplay''' - ''BaconGaming''|VF6t_SqHftE|'''Premium Review: XA-38 Grizzly [Specialist]''' - ''Jengar''}}

== See also ==


;Similar aircraft fitted with a large-calibre gun

* [[PBJ-1H]]
* [[Hs 129 B-3]]
* [[Ki-109]]
* [[P.108A serie 2]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/4930-development-xa-38-grizzly-packing-a-punch-en|[Devblog] XA-38 Grizzly - Packing a Punch]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/378366-xa-38/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[wikipedia:Beechcraft_XA-38_Grizzly|[Wikipedia] Beechcraft XA-38 Grizzly]]

{{AirManufacturer Beechcraft}}
{{USA strike aircraft}}
{{USA premium aircraft}}

Stirling B Mk III

2022-01-25T15:47:44Z

U16087030: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = British bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = Stirling B Mk I
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=stirling_mk3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.55 "Royal Armour"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The general flight performance of this aircraft is poor, similar to the Stirling B Mk I, although slightly improved. The Stirling has a very poor climb rate - especially when stock. The turn time is sluggish, as well as acceleration and top speed.

Without performance upgrades, this aircraft will struggle to climb at all while carrying a payload.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,537 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 391 || 376 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 48.7 || 50.6 || 1.8 || 1.7 || rowspan="2" | 1,060
|-
! Upgraded
| 432 || 410 || 45.4 || 47.0 || 6.7 || 4.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 338 || 323 || 245 || ~4 || ~2
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 350 || < 350 || < 350 || > 308
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8 mm Steel plate in the left pilot's seat.
* 9 mm Steel plate in front of engine cooling systems.

The survivability of the Stirling B Mk III is very poor. Any encounter with a fighter or bomber hunter will end badly. The entire structure is relatively weak, and it wont take many cannon rounds to tear off the tail or a wing. The fuel tanks are vulnerable and catch fire easily too. For armour, there is a 9 mm plate in front of the cooling systems of each engine, and an 8 mm plate protecting the pilot from rounds coming from the rear of the aircraft.

Due to the engines being radial, you do not have to worry so much about cooling as there is no liquid cooling system. Oil leaks and high temperature are still a concern though.

If a player does decide to sit on your rear, you do have six 7.7 mm machine guns that can shoot in that direction. Good preparation and a few well placed shots will quickly shred them, if they have not destroyed you first.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|G.P. Mk.IV (250 lb)|G.P. Mk.IV (500 lb)|M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I (1,000 lb)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 27 x 250 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs (6,750 lb total)
* 27 x 500 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs (13,500 lb total)
* 9 x 1,000 lb M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I bombs (9,000 lb total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|Browning (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 7.7 mm Browning machine guns, nose turret (1,000 rpg = 2,000 total)
* 2 x 7.7 mm Browning machine guns, dorsal turret (500 rpg = 1,000 total)
* 4 x 7.7 mm Browning machine guns, tail turret (1,000 rpg = 4,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==


;Offence

The Stirling B Mk III is very large and very heavy. However, it has the ability to carry the heaviest bombload for its rank with the 9 x 1,000 lb preset, allowing it to take out all three bases in a single flyout.

;Defence

The defensive complement of eight 7.7 mm machine guns in total is generally insufficient against common aggressors. The turrets do not have 360° coverage, notably the majority of the underside of the aircraft is completely undefended. Try to keep any opponents above and behind you, allowing both the dorsal and tail turrets to target them together, maximising your potential firepower. However, the low-calibre machine guns are rather underpowered, so cannot be relied upon barring some lucky hits into their pilot or engine.

;Mobility

The Stirling B Mk III has 4 engines with enormous wing surface area, giving it a reasonable climb rate though it can struggle when equipped with the heavier bombloads. Fortunately, the control surfaces are extremely large as well, which helps a lot with controlling the plane.

;Tactics

The Stirling has a huge payload but delivering it may be challenging, as it lacks the defensive armament, survivability, or flight performance of its contemporaries. Avoid enemy aircraft at all costs. Going straight to bomb an enemy base as soon as you spawn can sometimes net some quick RP, but don't expect to survive for long. Instead, side-climbing and utilising cloud cover is often the better option to stay hidden all the way to the bases. If forced down, try to fly at tree-top level to make yourself a more difficult target to hit, as well as preventing any enemy aircraft from sneaking around under your unprotected belly.

;Specific enemies worth noting

Any fighter is very dangerous for the Stirling, particularly any aircraft equipped with cannons (though large-calibre machine guns are still a threat). Common opponents can include [[Bf 109 (Family)|Bf 109s]], [[Fw 190 (Family)|Fw 190s]], [[G.55 (Family)|G.55s]], [[Do 335 (Family)|Do 335s]], [[La-7 (Family)|La-7s]], and [[A6M (Family)|A6Ms]], as well as any heavily-armed heavy fighters climbing specifically to prey on easy bombers such as the Stirling. If any heavy fighter or bomber hunter reaches you, you can expect to be sent back to the hangar immediately.

;Counter-tactics

Tactics are not required to down a Stirling B Mk III. However, to maximise efficiency, it is recommended to aim for the wings, increasing the chances of an engine or fuel fire, or simply breaking the wing itself, while the large, empty fuselage can sometimes soak up rounds. The defensive machine guns aren't too much to worry about, as long as you keep moving to avoid allowing multiple shots into critical components such as your pilot or engine, but you should attack from below if possible, as turret coverage is severely limited below the aircraft.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great payload
** The maxiumum payload of nine 1000lb bombs is a meaty bomber loadout that can kill 3 bases in a single flight at rank III. A group of Stirlings can decimate an enemy team's ticket count
** The loadout of twenty-seven 500lb bombs is excellent for hitting multiple bases that could be damaged, and allows the Stirling to attack a colossal number of ground units in a single flight
** The stock payload of twenty-seven 250lbs, while poor for base bombing, is the largest stock payload of any British bomber, including the Lancasters, the Lincoln and the Shackleton at rank IV

'''Cons:'''

* Poor durability and combat strength
** The Stirling has effectively no armour penetration and is practically made of fuel tanks, making it weak to everything but small machine guns, and also means it's extremely flammable
** The Stirling has a pitiful defensive armament. The 7.7mm MGs struggle to damage any aircraft at rank III, with well-armoured fighters and interceptors being nearly impossible to take down. The firing arcs on the guns are good, but the lack of a ventral or belly turret means any attack from below is impossible to defend against
* Poor flight characteristics
** The Stirling is a slow bomber, even for rank III. The Halifax prior to it outruns it, as do heavy bombers at a similar BR in the American, German, and Japanese bomber lines. This means it's easy prey for interceptors at the same altitude, and it can't ever hope of outrunning a pursuer
** The climb rate is also mediocre, especially when stock. When it has its maximum payload, the Stirling will struggle massively with gaining altitude. Side-climbing is an absolute necessity in order to reach a safe altitude
** Being one of the largest bombers in the game, the Stirling has a very slow roll rate and a huge turn time, making in-air manouvres long and sluggish. It also can be difficult to control, especially in SB
* Worse in almost every aspect than the lower-tier Halifax
** The Stirling's maximum payload, while impressive, is still worse than the Halifax at rank II, which carries nine 1000lb bombs, as well as six 500lb in addition. It's also slower than the Halifax, and boasts a less impressive defensive armament.

== History ==

Designed in the late 1930s by the Short Brothers, the design of what would be the Stirling met the demands of the British Air Ministry, which in 1936 called for the need of a long range, high speed, four engine bomber as described by Specification B.12/36, which would go from design to manufacturing in a short period of time.

A prototype, designated S31, was delivered by 1938 and on September 19, 1939 had its maiden flight. While the maiden flight was impressive, an accident during takeoff as the result of imposed modifications marked the end of the airframe, and was subsequently scrapped. An earlier built prototype, the S29, took its place and was therefor ordered into production as an "off the drawing board" design. This prototype had its maiden flight on May 14, 1939, and a second later prototype airframe was redesigned with adequate modifications and soon took its maiden flight on December 3, 1939. This aircraft, during its first sortie, lost an engine but was soon able to return to base safely.

With the Luftwaffe's strength as well as the risk of war growing, it prompted the initial order of 200 aircraft to skyrocket to 1,500. The first few of these, the Mk.Is, were powered by four Bristol Hercules XI radial engines, but later production aircraft were fitted with higher 1,500 HP variants of the same motors, giving it a comfortable speed of 255 mph. Later Mk.III variants were fitted with even greater output engines, pushing out 1,635 HP with its Hercules VI engines which featured improvements over last variations, and gave the aircraft a top speed of 277 mph. Capable of a bomb-load of 14,000 lbs, it was the double that any of which was produced by the British manufacturer, and also featured a seven man crew with a 4000-mile range which, was equally impressive with a 2300-mile range with 10,000 lbs of ordnance.

On May 7, 1940, the first production Stirling had its first flight, but introduction into service was hindered by relentless Luftwaffe bombings, and pushed back to August that same year before No.7 Squadron based at RAF Leeming received their first aircraft. Although it had a rocky start, the Stirling had a great number of deployments by June of 1942, which by May 1943 the aircraft had flown hundreds of bombing missions over Europe. Including the invasion of Normandy, Operation Market Garden, and Operation Glimmer, the aircraft was used extensively and heavily throughout the war to hammer back Axis powers. By the end of the Stirling's service, the aircraft had flown a total of 14,500 sorties and dropped 27,000 lbs of ordnance, with 582 aircraft shot down and 119 further lost to simple write-offs.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/285034-short-stirling-mk-iii/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

=== References ===

* [https://www.warhistoryonline.com/instant-articles/the-short-stirling.html Underappreciated but Not Forgotten - The Short Stirling Bomber]

{{AirManufacturer Short}}
{{Britain bombers}}

IJN Tone

2021-03-02T19:56:00Z

U16087030: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=jp_cruiser_tone
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese heavy cruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Starfighters"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|20 cm/50 3rd year type No.2 (203 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|5 inch/40 Type 89 (127 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|25 mm/60 Type 96 (25 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Type 93 Model 1, Mod 2 (610 mm)}}

The IJN Tone is capable of carrying 24 Long Lance torpedoes in 4 sets of 3, 2 per side. Each torpedo tube has an onboard quick reload, so 12 torpedoes can be launched per side before needing to reload in a capture zone or port. One notable characteristic about the torpedo launchers is that the aft sets have better forward-firing angles than the fore sets, but the forward angles still aren't particularly incredible. However, all the sets have good rearward firing angles.

As the torpedoes are Long Lances, they can detonate if they are hit and will destroy the IJN Tone nearly 100% of the time. Essentially they are completely unarmored ammunition racks. Conversely, if an enemy ship is hit with a Long Lance, there is a high likelihood of destroying it outright or sinking it via flooding.


== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Devastating anti-aircraft armament
* 4 turrents placed in the bow providing amazing firepower while staying in cover
* Fast torpedoes with amazing range and damage potential
* Powerful secondary guns for a Japanese cruiser
* 250kg of anti-torpedo protection and good belt armour make this a durable ship
* Like other Japanese cruisers, very fast in a straight line

'''Cons:'''

* Turrets easily disabled due to very close proximity to each other
* Awkward gun placement means enemy ships can flank you without resistance
* Torpedoes are difficult to launch without showing broadside

== History ==

[[File:Tone 1942.jpg|thumb|450x450px|Tone seen in 1942.]]
The IJN ''Tone'' was the lead ship of the ''Tone'' class of two heavy cruisers built for the Japanese navy. Designed as a scout cruiser to operate within large task forces, the ship was built with a unique armament scheme and a large rear deck for carrying seaplanes. Completed in 1938, she saw extensive service during the Second World war and served in many major battles including the Battles of Midway, Santa Cruz and Leyte. Relegated to training duties by early 1945, she was sunk by American naval aircraft in July of that year, and was later raised and scrapped.<ref name=":0">WWII Cruisers. (n.d.)</ref>

'''Design and construction'''

''Tone'', along with her sister ship ''Chikuma'', were designed as a pair of heavy scout cruisers to provide long-range reconnaissance services to the Japanese carrier fleet. Due to the Japanese doctrine of not carrying reconnaissance aircraft on their carriers, the ''Tone'' carried six Aichi E13A reconnaisance floatplanes on a huge spacious rear-deck. Thus, the ship featured an unconventional main armament configuration - four twin 8-inch (203 mm) turrets all located forward of the superstructure.<ref name=":0" /> She also carried numerous anti-aircraft defences and four triple 610 mm torpedo launchers located at the sides. She displaced 11 500 tons, and could make 35 knots (65 km/h).<ref name=":0" />

The ''Tone'' was ordered in 1932, and was laid down on December 1st 1934. She was launched in November of 1937, and was commissioned on November 20th 1938.

'''Operational History'''

The ''Tone'' was present during the attack on Pearl Harbour in December of 1941, and launched her reconnaissance aircraft in support of the raid. She later participated in the Battle of Midway, where her floatplanes helped discover the inbound American carrier group. Later on, she participated in the Battle of the Solomon Islands, and the battle of Santa Cruz. During the latter engagement, the ''Tone'' played a major role in delivering supplies to the troops at Guadalcanal, and performing scouting duties for the Carrier task force.<ref name=":0" />

''Tone'' then returned to the Japanese port of Kure to receive additional anti-aircraft guns. She served a short stint as a commerce raider in the Indian ocean, but was then reassigned to the Japanese carrier group as a scout and escort for the Battle of the Philippine Sea. At the battle of Leyte Gulf, ''Tone'' provided her floatplane scouting duties as required; she survived with minor damage while her sister ship ''Chikuma'' was sunk.<ref name=":0" /> At that point, she retired to the Japanese home islands, where she would stay for the remainder of the war. On July 24th 1945, ''Tone'' was attacked by USN aircraft; hit by nine bombs, she settled onto the seabed. She was stricken from the navy list, and subsequently raised and scrapped after the end of the war.<ref name=":0" />

=== [[wt:en/news/6735-development-tone-bow-towards-enemy-en|Devblog]] ===
Initially, Tone and her sistership Chikuma were laid down as Mogami-class cruisers. However, as design flaws with early Mogami-class vessels became apparent and Japan abandoning the London Naval Agreement, the decision was made to change the design of these two ships and create a separate class from them. As a result, Tone-class cruisers resembled the general design of the Mogami-class, but had all their gun turrets placed on the forecastle while also featuring a heavier emphasis on seaplane operations, having their entire aft deck space dedicated to it.

Tone was completed in 1938 and joined the ranks of the IJN in November that year. Upon completion, Tone and her sistership formed the 8th Cruiser Division, operating together as part of this unit for the majority of their service careers during the upcoming conflict. Their first combat mission was none other than participating in the attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941, with their floatplanes acting as scouts for the upcoming attack.

Subsequently, Tone and her sistership took part in almost all significant battles of the Pacific Theatre, being involved in the invasion of Wake Island, the Battle of Midway, the Battle of Guadalcanal, the Battle of the Philippine Sea and many others. Towards the end of the war, Tone underwent several refits, substantially bolstering her AA firepower and radar equipment with each drydock visit.

While Chikuma was already lost in October 1944 as part of the Battle of Leyte Gulf, Tone continued serving on until the very end of the war, being sunk at Kure harbor in July 1945 following a major allied air raid on the Japanese naval base. The ship’s wreck was subsequently dismantled in the immediate postwar years and sold for scrap.

== Media ==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:IJN Tone WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:IJN Tone WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:IJN Tone WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:IJN Tone WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:IJN Tone WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:IJN Tone WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
File:IJN Tone WTWallpaper 07.jpg|
File:IJN Tone WTWallpaper 08.jpg|
</gallery>

== See also ==

''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6735-development-tone-bow-towards-enemy-en|[Devblog] Tone: Bow Towards Enemy]]

=== References ===
<references />

=== Works Cited ===

* WW2 Cruisers. (n.d.). IJN Tone Class. Retrieved November 18, 2020, from <nowiki>https://www.world-war.co.uk/japan/tone.php</nowiki>

{{Japan heavy cruisers}}

IJN Agano

2021-03-02T19:52:59Z

U16087030: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=jp_cruiser_agano
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese light cruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.89 "Imperial Navy"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}
''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}
{{main|15 cm/50 Type 41 (152 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
{{main|8 cm/60 Type 98 (76 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}
{{main|25 mm/60 Type 96 (25 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}
{{main|Type 93 Model 1, Mod 2 (610 mm)}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 16 Long Lance torpedoes are devastating against enemy ships
* Very fast for a cruiser, can keep up with some destroyers when fully upgraded
* Main guns have a great RoF in first-stage, equal to 5.7 American cruisers

'''Cons:'''

* 25 mm AA guns cannot engage close targets
* Torpedoes have very limited firing arc
* Armour is mediocre, other cruisers will punch right through it at close range
* Turrets are large and lack armour, can easily be disabled

== History ==

''Agano'' was the lead ship of four light cruisers built to supercede and replace the older cruisers serving as destroyer flotilla flagships in the Imperial Japanese Navy. Launched in October 1941, she entered service a year later and saw her first operation escorting troop transports to New Guinea in December 1942. The ship was involved in Operation Ke, the evacuation of 10,652 Japanese troops from Guadalcanal as well as the Battle of Empress Augusta Bay, an American victory which closed the Solomon Islands campaign. Several weeks later, American airstrikes damaged the ship as it lay in port at Rabaul and whilst en route to receive repairs, she was struck by a torpedo from an American submarine which flooded the boiler rooms and knocked out all power. The submarine ''Albacore'' prepared to finish the helpless and immobile ship, but was prevented from doing so by depth charges from the ''Urakaze''. Taken under tow to Truk, ''Agano'' underwent 4 months of repairs before being able to attempt the journey back to the home islands of Japan in February 1944, for more permanent fixes. Ambushed by the American submarine ''Skate'', ''Agano'' was hit by 2 torpedoes and sank 6 hours later.

Her destroyer escort ''Oite'' took on 523 survivors from the ''Agano'', but was herself sunk 2 days later by Grumman TBF Avengers of Task Force 58 during Operation Hailstone. She sank almost immediately with the loss 172 out of her 192 complement whilst all 523 survivors of the ''Agano'' were lost.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the ship;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Japan light cruisers}}

IJN Suzuya

2021-03-02T19:50:32Z

U16087030: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = Japanese light cruiser '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = Mogami (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=jp_cruiser_mogami_suzuya
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese light cruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}
''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}
{{main|155 mm/60 3rd Year Type (155 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
{{main|5 inch/40 Type 89 (127 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}
{{main|25 mm/60 Type 96 (25 mm)|Type 93 (13.2 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Type 93 Model 1, Mod 2 (610 mm)}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Features the same hull as the Mogami heavy cruiser; able to withstand a fair amount of enemy fire before sinking
* Lots of guns (5 turrets with 3 guns in each turret)
* 24 Long Lance torpedoes
* 250kg of anti-torpedo protection
* Very fast for a cruiser of this size

'''Cons:'''

* Like most Japanese cruisers, very weak anti aircraft armament
* Wide hull makes evading enemy torpedoes difficult as it takes some time to maneuver the ship
* Torpedo arcs are limited, have to show almost full broadside to launch torpedoes. Better rear angles than forward.
* Slow RoF for the calibre of guns, guns have longer reload than equivalent British, American, German, Russian, and Italian guns
* Large, lightly-armoured turrets can be easily knocked out

== History ==

The IJN ''Suzuya'' was the third of four [[Mogami (Family)|''Mogami''-class]] heavy cruisers built for the Imperial Japanese navy. To comply with the regulations of the Washington Naval Treaty, she was classified as a light cruiser and built with fifteen 6-inch (152 mm) guns. However, the ship was designed from the outset to be armed with dual 8-inch (203 mm) turrets, which were refitted onto the ship in 1937. ''Suzuya'' served extensively in the Second World War, participating in major conflicts such as the Battle of Midway, Solomon Islands campaign and the Battle of the Philippine Sea. ''Suzuya'' met her end at the Battle of Leyte Gulf, where she was crippled by American torpedo bombers and subsequently abandoned.

=== Design and construction ===
''Suzuya'' was the third of four ''Mogami''-class cruisers. To comply with the Washington Naval Treaty, she was initially classified as a light cruiser with an official displacement of 8,500 tons. However, she was designed from the outset to be refitted with 8-inch (203 mm) guns and made into a heavy cruiser in a later refit.<ref name=":0">Chen, C. (2007)</ref> Her main armament consisted of fifteen 6-inch (152 mm) guns in five triple turrets, giving her one of the heaviest broadsides of any Treaty cruiser. She was also fitted with moderate anti-aircraft protection and four triple torpedo tube launchers carrying the deadly Type 93 "Long Lance" torpedoes.<ref name=":0" />

''Suzuya'' was launched on November 20th 1934 at a ceremony attended by Emperor Hirohito. She was completed in January of 1936 but was immediately drydocked to allow her hull to be reinforced. She entered service in late 1937, but was immediately drydocked again to be refitted with her intended armament of ten 8-inch (203 mm) guns in five dual mounts.<ref name=":0" /> In-game, ''Suzuya'' appears in her pre-modification light cruiser configuration.

=== Operational history ===
[[File:Suzuya Sea Trials.jpg|thumb|400x400px|IJN Suzuya during sea trials, 1935]]
Following her rearmament, which was completed by December 30th 1939, ''Suzuya'' was assigned to the 7th Cruiser Division of the Japanese 2nd fleet, along with her sister ships ''[[IJN Mogami|Mogami]]'', ''[[IJN Mikuma|Mikuma]]'' and ''Kumano''. Before the war, she served primarily in the South China Sea, as well as the occupation of French Indochina.<ref name=":1">Hackett, B., & Kingsepp, S. (2018)</ref> At the time of the Pearl Harbour attack, she was covering the invasion of Malaya; she was subsequently part of a task force hunting for the British Force Z (consisting of the battleship ''Prince of Wales'', battlecruiser ''Repulse'' and escorting destroyers), but proved unsuccessful in locating her target; the ships were eventually sunk by Japanese torpedo bombers.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

From April 1st 1942, ''Suzuya'' participated in commerce raiding in the Indian ocean, intercepting and destroying several Allied merchantmen. She went on to serve at the Battle of Midway, where she intended to shell the island in preparation for the Japanese invasion; this order was called off.<ref name=":1" /> She saw extensive service escorting the Japanese carrier fleet during the Solomon islands campaign, and participated in the bombing of Henderson Field at Guadalcanal. She was attacked by American torpedo-bombers, but survived unscathed.<ref name=":1" />

In mid-1944, ''Suzuya'' was part of the cruiser squadron escorting the Japanese carrier fleet on the Marianas campaign; however, American aircraft decimated the Japanese air group in the 'Great Marianas Turkey Shoot', resulting in the crippling of Japan's remaining carrier air group. She met her own demise just three months later, at the Battle of Leyte Gulf; attacked by American aircraft, a bomb near-miss caused her No. 1 torpedo tube, laden with Long Lance torpedoes, to explode.<ref name=":1" /> The resulting fire caused severe damage, and she was abandoned. ''Suzuya'' was removed from the navy list in December of 1944. Her wreck has never been found, and is believed to lie at a depth of almost 9 kilometres.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


=== References ===
<references />

=== Works Cited ===

* Chen, C. (2007, October). Heavy Cruiser Suzuya. Retrieved November 19, 2020, from <nowiki>https://ww2db.com/ship_spec.php?ship_id=40</nowiki>
* Hackett, B., & Kingsepp, S. (2018). IJN SUZUYA: Tabular Record of Movement. Retrieved November 19, 2020, from <nowiki>http://www.combinedfleet.com/suzuya_t.htm</nowiki>

{{Japan light cruisers}}

HMAS Tobruk

2021-03-02T17:16:44Z

U16087030: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_destroyer_battle_tobruk
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}
''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}
{{main|4.5 inch/45 QF Mark V (114 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
{{main|QF Mark VII (40 mm)|QF STAAG Mark II (40 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}
{{main|Mk.IX (533 mm)}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==
Battle (D37) is similar to her sister ship in the British tech tree, [[Battle (D14)|Battle (D14]]). While D37 has a slower top speed and loses a main battery gun, it gains better turret traverse and an even more impressive secondary 40mm battery. The Battle is a fantastic fast assault ship, thanks to its forward-mounted main battery. Use the excellent rate of fire and turret traverse to push the enemy constantly, keeping a small profile to reduce any incoming damage. Don't be afraid to bully patrol boats as well with the Battle's excellent turret traverse and the colossal number of 40mm guns. At close ranges, your torpedoes can also be very effective thanks to their good damage. You have a large crew size for a destroyer and decent armour protection where it matters, so don't be afraid to weather some fire before retreating. If you get the opportunity, use islands to hide the bulk of your ship and keep your front turrets pointed outwards to harrass oncoming ships.

The Battle is a great destroyer, but is not a cruiser, and shouldn't fight them. The small calibre of the shells means even the SAP rounds are pretty hopeless against cruisers, and cruiser guns will happily negate the armour the Battle does boast, so avoid them at all costs, unless you have teammates to back you up, or you can level some torpedoes into the cruiser's flank. Speaking of torpedoes, the Battle gets good torpedoes, but in terrible launchers, which turn very slowly and have a dreadful firing arc, especially the forward-most launcher. Only use the torpedoes if you can avoid enemy fire, or if the enemy is already in your firing arc. Turning your ship in order to make use of the torpedoes negates your narrow profile advantage, and makes you an easy target. From the side, the Battle is a big ship.

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* Phenomenal rate of fire with the main battery guns, 20 rounds per minute sustained with no second-stage ammo system
* Fantastic AA/auxilary armament of multiple 40mm guns, which can make short work of both aircraft and patrol boats, as well as damaging destroyers at close range
* Decent armour protection over ammo storage and the main guns, more than many destroyers get
* Very fast turret traverse can be a nasty surprise for enemy ships that try to flank you, and make the guns very effective against aircraft if used in that role

*

'''Cons:'''

* Small calibre of main shells makes fighting cruisers nearly completely futile
* Lacks the great top speed of the Battle (D14)
* Torpedo launchers have poor traverse and firing arcs, making them difficult to use safely or effectively
* Turrets are big, flat targets, meaning they get knocked out easily by direct hits

*

== History ==

[[File:HMAS Tobruk (AWM 301573).jpg|thumb|HMAS Tobruk in Jervis Bay, circa. 1954-1958. Note the two Mk VI gun turrets ahead of her superstructure.]]
The Battle Class, HMAS ''Tobruk'' was a destroyer of the Battle class commissioned for the Australian navy. As one of the two-ship "Australian Battle" class, she featured an improved main armament and more advanced gunnery equipment. She was commissioned too late to see service in the Second World War, but served in the Korean war and Malayan Emergency. She was severely damaged in a gunnery accident in 1960, and was written off and sold for scrap.

'''<big>Design and development</big>'''

The Battle class, the predominant late-war British destroyer design before the emergence of the Daring class, was designed to be built in several flotillas. The 1943 "Battles" were thus known as the "Early Battle Class". The United Kingdom intended to build the later Battle class ships with the new QF 4.5 inch Mark VI turret, but these ships were cancelled in early 1945 due to the end of hostilities in the western theatre. However, two ships had been laid down by the Australian navy, which were built and completed nevertheless, to be known as the "Australian Battle" Class ships. Construction was very slow, and ''Tobruk'' wasn't commissioned until the early 1950s.

HMAS ''Tobruk'' displaced 3400 tons full, making her very large for a WWII-era destroyer. She carried a main armament of four 4.5 inch QF Mark VI guns in two twin turrets - these advanced turrets were capable of firing at 20 rounds per minute (RPM). Tobruk carried an anti-aircraft armament of twelve 40 mm Bofors guns in three dual and six single mounts, as well as two quintuple torpedo tubes. Fitted with steam turbines developing 50 000 shaft horsepower, she was able to make 31.5 knots (58 km/h).

<big>'''Operational history'''</big>

After her commissioning in 1951, ''Tobruk'' was deployed to the Korean Theatre to assist naval operations there, primarily serving as a shore bombarder and carrier escort. She returned to Australia in late 1952 for a refit, then deployed to Korea again, this time staying until 1954. After she returned home, ''Tobruk'' underwent a refit, and was deployed as part of an Australian naval squadron to southeast Asia (the Far East Strategic Reserve). She later served during the Malayan Emergency, and received a second battle star (her first in Korea) for it. In September of 1960, ''Tobruk'' was conducting exercises with her sister ship ''Anzac'' when a targeting error caused a shell from ''Anzac'' to hit her; the damage was severe, and two of ''Anzac's'' crew members were charged for the accident. It was deemed that the damage was uneconomical to repair, and as a result, ''Tobruk'' was placed in reserve and later scrapped.

=== [[wt:en/news/6487-development-hmas-tobruk-advance-australia-en|Devblog]] ===
HMAS Tobruk was one of two late Battle-class destroyers of the so-called “Australian Battle-class” design. These were based on a cancelled third and final batch of Battle-class destroyers ordered for the Royal Navy in the late stages of WWII. Nonetheless, the Australian government proceeded with ordering the construction of two ships of this subclass, thus earning it its name.

HMAS Tobruk was the second of the two ships to be ordered and was laid down on 5 August 1946 in Sydney. Being built in the immediate postwar years meant that construction progressed slowly, resulting in the ship being only commissioned into RAN service in May 1950.

From there, HMAS Tobruk took part in several conflicts of the 1950s, such as the Korean War and the Malayan Emergency, earning the ship two battle honours. In the late 1950s, HMAS Tobruk was subjected to its first of two friendly fire incidents, which caused light structural damage and the loss of one crew member.

The second incident, which also sealed HMAS Tobruk’s fate, occurred in September 1960. Namely, the ship was once again hit by friendly fire, this time coming from her sistership HMAS Anzac during a gunnery exercise off Jervis Bay. However, the damage was severe enough to be considered uneconomical to perform repairs, resulting in the ship being decommissioned in late 1960.

HMAS Tobruk undertook its final sea voyage under tow to Japan where the ship was ultimately broken up for scrap in 1972.

In War Thunder, HMAS Tobruk will be a new destroyer coming to rank III of the British naval forces tree as part of the upcoming update 1.95 "Northern wind". Compared to the existing Battle-class destroyer in game - HMS Armada - HMAS Tobruk offers its aspiring captains improved anti-air firepower and survivability, coming at the cost of slightly reduced mobility and a cut down primary armament suit.

== Media ==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:HMAS Tobruk WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:HMAS Tobruk WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:HMAS Tobruk WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:HMAS Tobruk WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:HMAS Tobruk WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:HMAS Tobruk WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
</gallery>

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6487-development-hmas-tobruk-advance-australia-en|[Devblog] HMAS Tobruk: Advance Australia!]]

=== References ===

* Royal Australian Navy. (2020, August 05). HMAS Tobruk (I). Retrieved January 04, 2021, from <nowiki>https://www.navy.gov.au/hmas-tobruk-i</nowiki>

{{Britain destroyers}}

HMS Armada

2021-03-02T17:06:47Z

U16087030: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_destroyer_battle_2series
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.83 "Masters of the Sea"]] as part of the British fleet closed beta test.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}
''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}
{{main|4.5 inch/45 QF Mark IV (114 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
{{main|QF Mark V (40 mm)|QF Mark VII (40 mm)|QF STAAG Mark II (40 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}
{{main|Mk.IX (533 mm)}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==
The Battle is a fast destroyer with decent durability and powerful forward-firing armament. Use these features to press against the enemy. Keep your ship pointed straight and close the distance between you and your opponents while constantly firing back and keeping the pressure on. While the 4.5-inch guns can lack huge damage, the sustained RoF is insanely good, plus they're very accurate. Don't show your broadside if you can help it, as it opens up more potential damage to receive and only allows you to bring a single other gun on target, which is not worth the risk. The Battle also has a good AA and auxilary armament with it's host of 40mm guns, so don't be frightened of aircraft and patrol boats, as they won't pose a threat.

The Battle is not invincible, and will take huge damage if you show your broadside to the enemy. The torpedoes are good, but the torpedo ''launchers'' are slow to traverse and have a poor firing arc. '''Do not turn your ship to launch torpedoes'''. It makes you an easier kill and isn't worth it. Only use the torpedoes when an enemy is already in front of them, or if you know you won't receive any counter-battery attacks.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Immense rate of fire, with no slow down like other destroyers that have first-stage ammo
* Decent survivability thanks to a large crew size and decent armour protection
* All main caliber guns are located on the bow of the ship, meaning you don't necessarily have to expose the entire profile of the ship in order to maximize firepower
* Fastest British bluewater ship in the game

'''Cons:'''

* Ineffective against cruisers, even the SAP will struggle with some cruisers
* The low number of main guns means that loss of even one turret significantly effects ability to fight other large ships
* Poor torpedo launchers make using torpedoes effectively very difficult

== History ==

Realizing the heavy losses to air attacks and the inability of the then current destroyer designs to deal with aerial threats, the Royal Navy decided to act. In 1941, the first plans for what would become the replacement for the Tribal-class were drawn up.

Contrary to previous classes, the new destroyers would focus on powerful AA armament, featuring large calibre, high-angle dual purpose guns assisted by a number of smaller calibre AA cannons. The proposed design was accepted in autumn of 1941 under the name "Battle-class" with initial plans to build a total of 16 ships, forming two flotillas. The first order for 10 ships was issued in April 1942, with the second order for the remaining six ships following in August.

Despite the orders already being placed, further debate among high-ranking officials about the final design of the ship continued. As the initial ships were already under construction, changes to the existing design couldn't be applied anymore. This led to several more subclasses being developed, but that's a story for another time.

Although the first ships were launched by November 1943, delays in their completion were caused by late deliveries of critical fire control systems. In the end, only a handful of ships were completed by the end of WW2 and none of them saw any combat action. However, most of the ships of the Battle-class continued to serve well into the Cold War.

HMS Armada was one of these early ships of the class to be completed, but due to similar reasons, was only commissioned into service in July 1945. After several port visits throughout the UK, she was placed in reserve in 1947 only to rejoin active service in 1949 as part of the 3rd Destroyer Flotilla, operating in the Mediterranean.

During the mid 1950s, HMS Armada was involved in the Suez Crisis, but rejoined the Home Fleet shortly after. In 1960, HMS Armada was decommissioned and five years later, in 1965, taken apart for scrap.

''- From [[wt:en/news/5835-fleet-development-hms-armada-d14-keeping-the-birds-at-bay-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5835-fleet-development-hms-armada-d14-keeping-the-birds-at-bay-en|[Devblog] HMS Armada (D14): Keeping The Birds at Bay]]

{{Britain destroyers}}

Tashkent

2021-02-26T15:58:21Z

U16087030: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_destroyer_pr20_tashkent
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]]. This is a final Soviet Destroyer, which is a pinnacle of the line, both historically and in the game as well.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}
''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|B-13 (130 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|39-K (76 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|37 mm/67 70-K (37 mm)|DShK (12.7 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|53-39 (533 mm)}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great AA and auxilary armament can eliminate coastal craft and aircraft easily
* Fantastic speed, one of the fastest destroyers in the game
* Accurate guns with good shell velocity allow for effective long-range sniping
* Torpedoes are very fast, making this ship dangerous at close quarters
* HE-VT ammunition can help with destroying planes

'''Cons:'''

* Torpedoes have a range of only 4 km and up to 10 km with upgrade
* Quite large for a destroyer, will draw a lot of attention and enemy fire

== History ==


The Tashkent, also known as the "Blue Cruiser", was designed with the help of Italians to succeed over the failings of the preceding Leningrad-class destroyers. Consequently, the Tashkent-class destroyer became one of the most powerful destroyers in the world, fighting with the Black Sea Fleet and was sunk in Sevastopol in 1942. Guns from the destroyer were used on the succeeding [[Pr. 30 Ognevoy|Ognevoy]] destroyer after the Tashkent was salvaged.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on ship;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR destroyers}}

Soobrazitelny

2021-02-26T15:55:36Z

U16087030: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_destroyer_7y
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] when the Soviet fleet was implemented into the game. This was a backbone of Soviet naval forces in WW2. Project 7U is essentially an upgraded Project 7, the only difference being improved engine room.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}
''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|B-13 (130 mm)}}

The Pr. 7U carries four B-13 guns in single mounts, with two ahead of the superstructure and two behind. The B-13 cannon is shared by most WWII-era destroyers of the Soviet fleet, and is a very potent weapon. However, the main flaw with this weapon is it's absolutely horrid turret rotation speed of 4.2 degrees / second vertically and horizontally. This means that you have to turn the turrets very early to be able to engage effectively. The guns themselves shoot accurately and have a high initial velocity (870 m/s compared to 790 m/s for the American 5"/38 guns). However, this comes at the expense of reload speed, as the manually-loaded weapons can only fire at 10 rounds per minute (RPM) with a spaded crew, compared to 22 RPM for the American 5"/38. In fact, this fire rate is slower than everything except for the Japanese and Italian 5" guns, which have a similar fire rate.

The guns themselves have access to three shell types: the OF-46 high-explosive (HE) shell, the PB-46A semi armour-piercing (SAPBC) shell, and the ZS-46R proximity-fuzed (HE-VT) shell. Of these weapons, the HE shell is usually the best against enemy destroyers and ships as it packs the most explosive filler, 3.58 kilograms of it to be exact. The SAPBC shell works better against the occasional cruiser you may encounter, as it packs more penetration capacity (up to 179 mm compared to 36 mm for the HE shell). Finally, the HE-VT shell is good against aircraft as it will explode when close enough to the enemy aircraft, meaning that it doesn't require a direct hit. However, it actually packs less explosive filler than the normal HE shell, which is unusual for any HE-VT shell. Combined with the horrible traverse rate, this means the guns aren't particularly suited for anti-aircraft duties.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|34-K (76 mm)}}

The Pr. 7U carries two 34-K 3-inch (76 mm) guns mounted in the rear. The 34-K is also shared by most WWII-era Soviet ships, and gives you a potent secondary weapon that is of a relatively high calibre. This gun has a high fire rate of 27 rounds per minute (2.2-second reload), which can be decreased to 1.1 seconds with a full crew. The weapon itself is decent at closer ranges, but isn't a particularly effective anti-aircraft weapon as it inherits the extremely weak Soviet traverse rate. The single mountings themselves are only capable of traversing at 10 degrees per second, marginally faster than guns of cruiser calibre (6 inch+) of other nations.

The gun itself has access to three main shell types - the O-361K high-explosive (HE) shell, the O-361D time-fuzed (HE-TF) shell, and the BR-361 armour-piercing (APHEBC) shell. Of these rounds, the HE is almost always the best against enemy boats as it has the most explosive filler, and consequently, does the most damage. The HE-TF round is slightly worse as it detonates on a timed fuze, meaning the accuracy of the shell depends on crew skills. Finally, the APHEBC shells are rarely usable due to their low damage potential. For good measure, bring mostly HE, and a bit of HE-TF and APHEBC just in case the situation arises.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|37 mm/67 70-K (37 mm)|DShK (12.7 mm)|AN-M2 (12.7 mm)}}

The Pr. 7U has a very decent anti-aircraft armament of 13 guns, split between cannons and smaller-calibre machine guns.

The ship's main AA armament consists of seven 37 mm 70-K anti-aircraft guns. The 70-K is the standard Soviet anti-aircraft gun and serves as a reliable counterpart to the 40 mm Bofors gun used by the allied nations. This gun is extremely similar to the Bofors as it features a similar design, and fires continuously rather than needing to reload. The guns will eventually jam, but the time it takes to jam the weapons is very long so jamming is not a great issue. The weapon does not get access to belts, but the default one is very suited for ripping small ships or aircraft into shreds.

The Pr. 7U also carries four DShK machine guns in single mounts. The 12.7 mm DShK machine gun is a heavy machine gun, similar to the M2 Browning used by the Americans and the Vickers guns used by the British. This gun fires from a fixed 50-round magazine and will need to be reloaded after the magazine is expended. The gun itself is rather mediocre, and will struggle to hit targets reliably at ranges exceeding 1.5 km. As well, the weapon doesn't do damage particularly well, considering that it is of a lower calibre. As well, the Pr. 7U gets two American-made AN/M2 Browning machine guns - these weapons fire slightly slower but have a larger magazine capacity. Otherwise, they are extremely similar in performance to the DShK. The Pr. 7U does not get access to any ammunition belt upgrades for the DShK or AN/M2 - the default one is the only belt available.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|53-38 (533 mm)|BB-1 depth charge}}

The Pr. 7U gets access to six 53-38 torpedoes in two triple launchers, with no reloads. The 53-38 torpedo is also found on most other Soviet WWII-era destroyers, and is relatively mediocre as far as torpedoes go. In terms of damage-dealing capabilities, the torpedo is decidedly mediocre, having more explosive filler (300 kg of TNT) than the American torpedoes but less than the British and Japanese ones. However, the main drawback of the torpedo is it's range - without the "torpedo mode" modification, the 53-38s are restricted to a range of just 4 kilometres, meaning that they are tied for the shortest-range bluewater-ship mounted torpedoes along with the Italian destroyer torpedoes. The torpedo mode modification is necessary for hitting longer-ranged targets, but reduces the torpedo's speed to just 56 km/h. In general, these torpedoes are a potent weapon against enemy bluewater ships, but lack the range to do significant damage without the "torpedo mode" modification.

The Pr. 7U can bring two BB-1 large depth charges, but these weapons are almost entirely useless as you will never get close enough to the enemy to be able to use them. Thus, they essentially serve as extra explosive content on deck, and provide little extra armament in exchange for an increased chance of ammunition (depth charge) detonation. In general, it is not recommended to bring them.

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* Great auxilary armament - can be a menace for coastal ships and aircraft
* Very fast torpedoes that do good damage, can sink a destroyer in one hit
* 130mm guns have good shell velocity and penetration on SAP shells, making them competitive against cruisers

*

'''Cons:'''

* Mediocre speed, needs to be upgraded to keep up with the pack
* Guns have a fairly slow RoF compared to other destroyers
* Torpedoes have a very short distance prior to upgrades
* Poor traverse speed on turrets makes close quarters combat risky

*

== History ==


Due to the Novik-class destroyers becoming obsolete during the interwar period, and the Soviet needed a new destroyer to rival the new generation of destroyers in the world. Soviet engineers designed the Gnevny-class destroyer to be equipped with a cruiser-set of armaments with 130 mm calibre guns. As with other interwar destroyers, the anti-air defence on the was wholly inadequate, though was constantly improved in shipyards.

The initial set of Gnevny-class destroyers, built as '''Project 7''', experienced problems involving the engine. As such, the design was modified into the '''Project 7U''' to signify the modernization. The Gnevny-class destroyers would go on to be the backbone of Soviet Navy during World War II.

After World War II, some of the destroyers were transferred to China, where one is still on display and it is possible to see it.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/4679-development-project-7u-destroyer-en|[Devblog] Project 7U Destroyer]]

{{USSR destroyers}}

Moskva

2021-02-26T15:52:33Z

U16087030: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_destroyer_moskva
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]]. It is the first destroyer-leader in the game, second one being Tashkent.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}
''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|B-13 (130 mm)}}

The Moskva carries five B-13 guns in single mountings. Of these, two are mounted ahead of the superstructure, two at the aft, and one gun is mounted in an inconvenient position behind the main superstructure but ahead of the funnels. Thus, the ship must expose its broadside to allow all guns to fire.

The B-13 cannon is shared by most WWII-era destroyers of the Soviet fleet, and is a very potent weapon. However, the main flaw with this weapon is its absolutely horrid turret rotation speed of 4.2 degrees / second vertically and horizontally. This means that you have to turn the turrets very early to be able to engage effectively. The guns themselves shoot accurately and have a high initial velocity (870 m/s compared to 790 m/s for the American 5"/38 guns). However, this comes at the expense of reload speed, as the manually-loaded weapons can only fire at 10 rounds per minute (RPM) with a spaded crew, compared to 22 RPM for the American 5"/38. In fact, this fire rate is slower than everything except for the Japanese and Italian 5" guns, which have a similar fire rate.

The guns themselves have access to three shell types: the OF-46 high-explosive (HE) shell, the PB-46A semi armour-piercing (SAPBC) shell, and the ZS-46R proximity-fuzed (HE-VT) shell. Of these weapons, the HE shell is usually the best against enemy destroyers and ships as it packs the most explosive filler, 3.58 kilograms of it to be exact. The SAPBC shell works better against the occasional cruiser you may encounter, as it packs more penetration capacity (up to 179 mm compared to 36 mm for the HE shell). Finally, the HE-VT shell is good against aircraft as it will explode when close enough to the enemy aircraft, meaning that it doesn't require a direct hit. However, it actually packs less explosive filler than the normal HE shell, which is unusual for any HE-VT shell. Combined with the horrible traverse rate, this means the guns aren't particularly suited for anti-aircraft duties.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|34-K (76 mm)|45 mm/46 21-K (45 mm)}}

The Moskva carries two 76 mm 34-K mountings at the aft. The 34-K is also shared by most WWII-era Soviet ships, and gives you a potent secondary weapon that is of a relatively high calibre. This gun has a high fire rate of 27 rounds per minute (2.2-second reload), which can be decreased to 1.1 seconds with a full crew. The weapon itself is decent at closer ranges, but isn't a particularly effective anti-aircraft weapon as it inherits the extremely weak Soviet traverse rate. The single mountings themselves are only capable of traversing at 10 degrees per second, marginally faster than guns of cruiser calibre (6 inch+) of other nations.

The gun itself has access to three main shell types - the O-361K high-explosive (HE) shell, the O-361D time-fuzed (HE-TF) shell, and the BR-361 armour-piercing (APHEBC) shell. Of these rounds, the HE is almost always the best against enemy boats as it has the most explosive filler, and consequently, does the most damage. The HE-TF round is slightly worse as it detonates on a timed fuze, meaning the accuracy of the shell depends on crew skills. Finally, the APHEBC shells are rarely usable due to their low damage potential. For good measure, bring mostly HE, and a bit of HE-TF and APHEBC just in case the situation arises.

The Moskva also carries two 45 mm 21-K mountings beside the second forward gun, in front of the superstructure. The 21-K mounting is rather mediocre and performs far poorer than the smaller-calibre but faster firing 70-K 37 mm gun. These guns have an extremely similar reload sped to the 34-K, but pack much less punch. That said, these weapons are still quite effective against small ships and aircraft.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|DShK (12.7 mm)}}

The Moskva has a rather lacklustre anti-aircraft armament of eight 12.7 mm DShK machine guns. The 12.7 mm DShK machine gun is a heavy machine gun, similar to the M2 Browning used by the Americans and the Vickers guns used by the British. This gun fires from a fixed 50-round magazine and will need to be reloaded after the magazine is expended. The gun itself is rather mediocre, and will struggle to hit targets reliably at ranges exceeding 1.5 km. As well, the weapon doesn't do damage particularly well, considering that it is of a lower calibre. The Moskva does not get access to any ammunition belt upgrades - the default one is the only belt available.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|53-38 (533 mm)}}

The Moskva gets access to eight 53-38 torpedoes in two quad mounts, with no reloads. The 53-38 torpedo is also found on most other Soviet WWII-era destroyers, and is relatively mediocre as far as torpedoes go. In terms of damage-dealing capabilities, the torpedo is decidedly mediocre, having more explosive filler (300 kg of TNT) than the American torpedoes but less than the British and Japanese ones. However, the main drawback of the torpedo is it's range - without the "torpedo mode" modification, the 53-38s are restricted to a range of just 4 kilometres, meaning that they are tied for the shortest-range bluewater-ship mounted torpedoes along with the Italian destroyer torpedoes. The torpedo mode modification is necessary for hitting longer-ranged targets, but reduces the torpedo's speed to just 56 km/h. In general, these torpedoes are a potent weapon against enemy bluewater ships, but lack the range to do significant damage without the "torpedo mode" modification.

== Usage in battles ==


As the name states, it is a destroyer leader, which invariably places the ship on the front line, but alternately, stay back far enough to shell the enemy. This ship can take a stand-off stance due to it having one of the strongest destroyer guns in the game. The secondary guns are useful, but expect mixed results depending on if you are engaging aircraft or other boats.

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* Exceptionally fast, one of the fastest bluewater ships in the game
* Large crew size makes it durable and hard to sink
* Hard hitting main battery guns with great shell velocity
* Decent long-range AA defenses

*

'''Cons:'''

* Large target - will draw fire from enemy team very quickly
* Average RoF from main guns
* Gun placement leads to inaccurate broadsides
* Torpedoes have a very short distance when stock, difficult to use unless very close to enemy

*

== History ==


When the Russians observed the construction of the French Destroyer Leaders (''contre-torpilleur''), they realized that they need something to lead the newly build Project 7 and Project 7U destroyers. The result was the Leningrad-class of destroyers named after important Soviet cities, one of which was Moscow. Though the sea-worthiness of the ships were questionable, in the end, they got the job done.

There were other ships constructed as well:

* Leningrad (first ship in the class)
* Minks
* Kharkov
* Baku
* Tbilisi

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on ship;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR destroyers}}

SMS Von der Tann

2021-02-24T16:23:21Z

U16087030: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_battlecruiser_von_der_tann
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German battlecruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Hot Tracks"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

The {{Specs|pseudonym}} is a battlecruiser. This class of ships is supposed to have the firepower of dreadnoughts, whilst having superior speed to catch their prey.

This comes at the cost of armor thickness and coverage. She doesn't have coal bunkers protecting all turrets, the front and rear turrets only have armor plates to protect their ammo.

A lucky shot will knock a turret out and its ammo storage underneath, especially from other dreadnoughts.

As with all ships of the era, she doesn't have AA defenses you can count on.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|283 mm/45 SK L/45 (283 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|150 mm/45 SK L/45 (150 mm)|88 mm/45 casemate SK L/45 (88 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|GM08 pattern 1908 (7.92 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|C/06D (450 mm)}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==

As a battlecruiser, the Westfalen is fast and well-armed. While it only has 6 guns on broadside, the guns do a huge amount of damage and have a reload of 20 seconds, much faster than other battlecruisers and battleships (and the same as some American heavy cruisers). While other battleships can punch through your armour, cruisers will seriously struggle. Target cruisers and punish them with your strong secondary guns, colossal main battery firepower, and good reload. They'll struggle with your armour and they'll struggle to outrun you.

Your main threat will be battleships, who can angle against your guns and punch through your armour comfortably. Use your mobility to get away from, or around them, and don't be afraid to unleash some torpedoes on them if they do get too close.

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* Fantastic speed for a ship of its size, able to outrun any battleship and stay close to cruisers
* Out-guns and out-armours every cruiser in the game
* Fantastic reload on its main guns, better than the Admiral Hipper despite them being the same size
* Deadly secondary armament that can punish cruisers if they come too close

*

'''Cons:'''

* Still slower than the majority of cruisers, can easily get left behind
* Battleships will destroy you in a gunnery duel
* Effectively no AA protection, easy target for aircraft

*

== History ==

=== [[wt:en/news/6976-development-heroes-of-jutland-sms-von-der-tann-en|Devblog]] ===
With the appearance of HMS Invincible in 1906, the Imperial Navy found itself lacking an appropriate response as the British battlecruiser outmatched any comparable vessel in the German fleet at the time. As a result, German ship builders began working on designing an equivalent vessel in the same year under the name "Cruiser F". As the ship would eventually become Germany's first battlecruiser, its design was carefully considered, with emphasis being put on speed and protection.

By mid 1907, Cruiser F's design had been finalized and its construction approved by the Kaiser in June, christening the vessel SMS Von der Tann in honor of a Bavarian general. Von der Tann was laid down in March 1908 and launched exactly a year later, before being completed and commissioned into service in September 1910. At the time of commissioning Von der Tann quickly became the new symbol of German naval power, being not only the first German warship fitted with steam turbine engines, but also the world's fastest warship of its type at the time. After completing trials, Von der Tann was sent on a cruise to South America before returning to Germany in May 1911.

During WWI, Von der Tann participated in numerous naval operations in the war: including the Battle of Jutland in 1916, as well as participating in raids against British ports and engagements against the Russian Navy in the Baltic Sea. At the end of WWI in 1918, Von der Tann along with the remainder of the German Navy was interned at Scapa Flow. In the following year, the interned German fleet along with Von der Tann scuttled itself to prevent capture by the Allies with this event marking the end of the warship's illustrious career.

== Media ==

<gallery mode="packed" caption="SMS Von der Tann Devblog Images" heights="150">
File:Von der Tann WTWallpaper 001.jpg|
File:Von der Tann WTWallpaper 002.jpg|
File:Von der Tann WTWallpaper 003.jpg|
File:Von der Tann WTWallpaper 004.jpg|
File:Von der Tann WTWallpaper 005.jpg|
File:Von der Tann WTWallpaper 006.jpg|
</gallery>

== See also ==

''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6976-development-heroes-of-jutland-sms-von-der-tann-en|[Devblog] Heroes of Jutland: SMS Von der Tann]]

{{Germany battlecruisers}}

Admiral Hipper

2021-02-24T16:16:46Z

U16087030: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_cruiser_admiral_hipper
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German heavy cruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}
''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}
{{main|20.3 cm/60 SK C/34 (203 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
{{main|10.5 cm SK C/33 AA (105 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}
{{main|3.7 cm SK C/30 (37 mm)|2 cm/65 C/38 (20 mm)|2 cm/65 Flakvierling 38 (20 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}
{{main|G7a (533 mm)}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==
The Admiral Hipper is an immensely powerful heavy cruiser which shows very few signs of weakness. Like the other German cruisers, it's exceptionally strong, with great anti-torpedo protection and turtleback armour, giving it fantastic waterline armour. This, combined with a huge crew count, means the Hipper needs to take a huge amount of punishment to be sank. The Hipper's main armament - eight 8-inch guns in dual turrets - is also very effective, with a 12 second reload and fantastic armour penetration and muzzle velocity (enough in some cases to penetrate battleship armour). It also boasts a strong secondary armament, a phenomenal anti-aircraft suite at both close and long range, and good torpedoes. The Hipper should be played as a long range brawler, able to dish it out and take damage from other heavy cruisers, while also combatting enemy aircraft with ease.

The main weakness for the Hipper comes from its' status - everyone knows how dangerous it is. Most skilled players will know to target this ship first, and while the armour is good, it isn't enough to save it from other eight-inch guns at close range, or battleship guns at any range. Stay on the move, use cover, and keep an eye out for anything with guns bigger than yours, and you should stay alive. In the meantime, use your accurate guns to punish other cruisers from long range, and even battleships if you can flank them.

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* Phenomenal firepower from the main battery can punish any cruiser at long range and even battleships that get too close
* Fantastic AA suite which can decimate aircraft even from long range
* Great armour protection, especially against torpedoes
* Huge crew size make it a tough beast to sink, especially for light cruisers
* Very mobile despite its size, allows it to reposition with ease

*

'''Cons:'''

* Priority target - most of the enemy team will be gunning for you
* Battleships and battlecruisers will have no problem getting through your armour
* Heavy cruisers can still punish you at close range
* Lined with fuel tanks on both sides, causing very easy fires

*

== History ==

Following the signing of the Anglo-German Naval Agreement in June 1935, Germany was permitted to build, among other things, heavy cruisers up to a total displacement of 50,000 tons. The previously developed Admiral Hipper-class heavy cruiser design was chosen for construction, with five ships being initially planned to be built.

The five ordered ships of the Admiral Hipper-class were laid down between July 1935 - August 1937. However, only the first three were actually fully constructed and commissioned into service between 1939 - 1940. The fourth ship - Seydlitz - was scuttled in 1945 still being incomplete (as a conversion into an aircraft carrier), while the fifth ship - Lützow - was also sold incomplete to the USSR in February 1940.

Admiral Hipper, named after an imperial German admiral, was the first ship of the class to see completion, being commissioned into service in April 1939. After passing sea trials, Admiral Hipper was assigned to her first combat mission - Operation Weserübung - the invasion of Denmark and Norway, where it took part in a battle with the British destroyer Glowworm and also participated in the sinking of the trawler Juniper (930 tons) and the military transport Orama (19,000 registered tons). Subsequently, Admiral Hipper steamed out into the Atlantic to intercept allied shipping in December 1940, but without significant success. The first campaign wasn't particularly successful, but during the second campaign in January and February of 1941, the Admiral Hipper attacked SLS-64, an unprotected convoy - this attack on ship count alone, was the most effective from both world wars.

Admiral Hipper was then transferred to Norway, where it took part in raids against the arctic convoys headed for the Soviet Union. As part of an operational group, it took part in Operation Rösselsprung (Knight's move) which, although not a success, resulted in the almost total destruction of the allied PQ-17 convoy by German submarines and aircraft. In December of 1942, during Operation Regenbogen (Rainbow) a battle took place in the Barents Sea which was unofficially labelled as "New Year's Battle" or "New Year's Shame" the ship was damaged and sent back to Germany for repair. The failure of the operation led to a historical decision by Hitler to order the scrapping of all large warships. Admiral Hipper was transferred to the reserves and at the beginning of 1945, arrived in Kiel where it was damaged during allied air strikes in May of the same year. The defenders on the partially disarmed ship showed no enthusiasm for its survival and as a result, the ship burned out and sank to the dock seabed. After the war, the ship was once again raised and taken apart for scrap up to 1952.

''- From [[wt:en/news/6346-development-admiral-hipper-commanding-the-high-seas-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|Oq0Ws_mafAs|'''The Shooting Range #169''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:32 discusses the Admiral Hipper.}}

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6346-development-admiral-hipper-commanding-the-high-seas-en|[Devblog] Admiral Hipper: Commanding the High Seas]]

{{Germany heavy cruisers}}

Nürnberg

2021-02-24T16:08:33Z

U16087030: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_cruiser_nurnberg
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German light cruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.87 "Locked On"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}
''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}
{{main|15 cm/60 SK C/25 (150 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
{{main|8.8 cm/76 SK C/32 (88 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}
{{main|4 cm Bofors Flak 28 (40 mm)|3.7 cm FlaK-Lafette C/36 (37 mm)|2 cm/65 C/38 (20 mm)|2 cm/65 Flakvierling 38 (20 mm)|2 cm/65 Flakzwilling 38 (20 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}
{{main|G7a (533 mm)}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==
The Nurnberg is really just an enhanced Leipzig, and you should play it the same way. Your guns now fire much faster, so feel free to rain down shells on distant opponents, as well as clobber any cruisers that get too close. Your torpedo protection is still there and your armour has improved, so you should be able to take a good chunk of damage from smaller battery fire. You also have a larger crew, and you're even faster. The biggest improvement, aside from the main guns, is the AA battery, which is colossal on the Nurnberg. Enemy aircraft will get mown down if they get too close, so don't be scared to stick to bigger ships and protect them while they take out the enemy ships you're more scared of.

The Nurnberg's gun placement is still as bad as the Leipzig's, and your higher BR means getting hit on your broadside can be painful. Only bring the rear guns around when you know counter-battery fire will be minimal, or is too far away to be effective.

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* Great reload on main battery allows for dangerous, repeated broadsides
* Phenomenal close-range AA battery that will decimate planes which get too close
* Great armour protection and crew number makes this a hard ship to sink

*

'''Cons:'''

* A big target, especially on broadside, makes this an enticing target for heavy cruisers
* Awkward turret layout forces you to show broadside to use majority of main guns
* AA battery is far less effective against long-range targets

*

== History ==

''Nürnberg'' was a German light cruiser of the ''Leipzig''-class, built as a follow-up to the ''Könisberg''-class. The ship carried a main armament of nine 15 cm SK C/25 guns, as well as two torpedo tubes and a variety of anti-aircraft defences. Launched in 1934, the ship served in the Baltic and participated in numerous exercises before the outbreak of war. She saw active service in 1939 and 1940, but was relegated to training duties for the majority of the Second World War. Following the German defeat, she was ceded to the Soviets, who operated her as ''Admiral Makarov'' until 1954.

=== Design and construction ===
[[File:Nurnberg Silhouette.jpg|thumb|400x400px|An identification chart for the Nurnberg,]]
The ''Nürnberg'', being a further development of the ''Könisberg''-class of light cruisers, inherited many characteristics of its predecessor. The ship was 181 metres long and displaced 9,040 tons standard.<ref name=":0">Chen, C. (2006)</ref> Powered by twin steam turbines, she could reach a maximum speed of 32.5 knots (60 km/h), and had an endurance of 7,200 km. Main armament consisted of nine [[15 cm/60 SK C/25 (150 mm)|15 cm SK C/25]] naval guns in three triple turrets; one was located forward of the superstructure while the others were located in a superfiring arrangement in the rear.<ref name=":0" /> The ship also initially carried four triple torpedo launchers, though two were removed in 1942. The ship was initially designed with a light anti-aircraft armament, but this was improved in later refits.<ref name=":0" />

The ''Nürnberg'' was laid down in late 1933 at Kiel,<ref name=":0" /> and was launched in December of that year. Construction was completed very quickly, and the ship was formally commissioned into the German Kriegsmarine on November 2nd, 1935.<ref name=":0" />

=== Operational History ===
Soon after she was commissioned, the ''Nürnberg'' was sent to the Baltic, where she remained until April 1936. Thereafter, she joined ''[[Köln]]'' and ''[[Leipzig]]'' for a training cruise in the Atlantic. Between 1937 and 1939, she participated in several non-intervention cruises in the Atlantic,<ref name=":1">Emmerich, M. (2011)</ref> as well as a cruise in the Mediterranean and the Fleet Review for Adolf Hitler and Hungarian regent Miklós Horthy. Prior to the start of the Second World War, she returned to the Baltic for another training deployment.<ref name=":1" />

After the outbreak of war, ''Nürnberg'' participated in the blockade and hunt for the Polish navy. Despite their efforts, several Polish destroyers escaped and arrived in the UK. Between late 1939 and late 1940, the ''Nürnberg'' laid mines to protect coastal fortifications, and escorted several larger vessels on their respective duties. She was torpedoed with minor damage by HMS ''Salmon'' in 1940, but was otherwise unscathed by Allied forces.<ref name=":0" />
[[File:Nurnberg underway, 1945.jpg|thumb|320x320px|Nurnberg after the German surrender, escorted by RAF Liberators bombers.]]
In late 1940, ''Nürnberg'' was relegated to training duties. As a result, she spent the majority of the remainder of the war in Norway along with the battleship ''Tirpitz''. A rapidly-changing crew resulted in a low state of readiness; as a result, the ship saw no action during this period. At the start of 1945, ''Nürnberg'' was tasked with mine-laying duties; however, a shortage of fuel resulted in only a single sortie.<ref name=":1" /> On May 5th 1945, she received the ceasefire order, and was thereafter handed over to the Allies.

Following the Potsdam conference, it was decided that ''Nürnberg'' would be handed over to Russia as a war prize. The ship was renamed ''Admiral Makarov'',<ref name=":0" /> and was assigned to the 8th fleet. She became the flagship of the 8th Fleet in 1948,<ref name=":1" /> but was later withdrawn due to the commissioning of the new ''[[Chapayev]]''-class cruisers. She was subsequently returned to her original duties as a training vessel. ''Nürnberg'' was decommissioned in early 1959;<ref name=":0" /> it is believed that she was scrapped shortly thereafter. She was the longest-serving major warship of the ''Kriegsmarine'', and the only one to see active service after the war.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6075-development-kms-nürnberg-the-seasoned-sea-dog-en|[Devblog] KMS Nürnberg: The Seasoned Sea Dog]]

=== References ===
<references />

=== Works Cited ===

* Chen, C. (2006, August). Light Cruiser Nürnberg. Retrieved November 15, 2020. [https://ww2db.com/ship_spec.php?ship_id=293 Website]
* Emmerich, M. (2011, June 1). Nürnberg. Retrieved November 15, 2020. [https://www.german-navy.de/kriegsmarine/ships/lightcruiser/nurnberg/operations.html Website]

{{Germany light cruisers}}

Leipzig

2021-02-24T16:02:44Z

U16087030: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_cruiser_leipzig
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German light cruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.97 "Viking Fury"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}
''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}
{{main|15 cm/60 SK C/25 (150 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
{{main|8.8 cm/76 SK C/32 (88 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}
{{main|3.7 cm SK C/30 (37 mm)|2 cm/65 C/30 (20 mm)|2 cm/65 Flakvierling 38 (20 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==
The Leipzig is a dangerous ship in the right hands, possessing good firepower and good protection. Replacing the meagre broadside of the Emden is the nine gun broadside of the Leipzig, in three triple-gunned turrets, giving this ship a huge increase in firepower and accuracy. The strange thing about this ship is the layout of the guns, with two of the three turrets being at the stern of the ship. While this does make the Leipzig very effective during a hostile retreat, it means you have to show broadside to bring a majority of your guns on target. The guns themselves are good, with a good first-stage fire rate and good shell velocity. Once the first stage is depleted, the reload slows to 10 seconds, which is poor for light cruiser guns, so make your shots count. The Leipzig also retains good AA protection, especially at close range.

The strongest aspect to the Leipzig is it's "turtleback" armor scheme, which gives it fantastic belt armour and 200kg of torpedo protection. This makes the Leipzig a menace for long range snipers, as well as being able to bear a lot of damage at close range. This, combined with its guns fantastic close-range damage potential, make this ship a fantastic brawler. Watch out for your lack of torpedoes, and try not to always show broadside. If needs be, point the rear of your ship at the target.

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* Accurate broadside can be devastating at all ranges
* Fantastic armour protection, especially against torpedoes
* Adequate AA protection at close range
* Much faster than the Emden that precedes it

*

'''Cons:'''

* No torpedoes limits its effectiveness at close quarters
* Awkward gun placement forces you to show broadside
* Long-range AA is pretty weak
* Secondary guns do little damage even to destroyers, let alone cruisers

*

== History ==

''Leipzig'' was the lead ship of the two ''Leipzig''-class cruisers, built as a follow-up to the ''Könisberg''-class.<ref name=":0">Chen, C. (2009)</ref> The ship carried a main armament of nine 15 cm [[15 cm/60 SK C/25 (150 mm)|SK C/25]] guns, as well as two torpedo tubes and a variety of anti-aircraft defences. She was launched in 1929, and saw plenty of service including a visit to the UK and non-intervention patrols near spain. She was tasked with escort duties at the start of the Second World War, but was badly damaged by a Royal Navy submarine in 1941. She was repaired, and subsequently converted to a training ship. In 1944, she collided with the ''[[Prinz Eugen]]''; the damage was so severe that she was never completely repaired. Used as a barracks ship following the end of the war, she was scuttled in 1946.

=== Design and construction ===
The ''Leipzig'', being a further development of the ''Könisberg''-class of light cruisers, inherited many characteristics of its predecessors. The ship was 177 metres long and displaced 8,380 tons full.<ref name=":0" /> Powered by twin steam turbines, she could reach a maximum speed of 32 knots, and had an endurance of 10,550 km.<ref name=":0" /> Main armament consisted of nine 15 cm SK C/25 naval guns in three triple turrets; one was located forward of the superstructure while the others were located in a superfiring arrangement in the rear.<ref name=":0" /> The ship also initially carried four triple torpedo launchers, though all of them were removed during WWII. The ship's anti-aircraft armament was sparse, and wasn't refitted to the same extent as her sister ship ''[[Nürnberg]]''.<ref name=":0" />

The ''Leipzig'' was laid down in 1928 at Kiel, and was launched in October of 1929. The ship was formally commissioned into the Kriegsmarine in late 1931.<ref name=":0" />

=== Operational History ===
[[File:Leipzig, 1936.jpg|thumb|400x400px|German Cruiser Leipzig in 1936.]]
After her commissioning, ''Leipzig'' participated in training exercises in the Baltic, and in 1934, sailed with ''Königsberg'' on the first goodwill visit to the UK since the First World War. She later participated in training exercises in the Atlantic (with ''[[Nürnberg]]'' and ''[[Köln]]''), as well as non-intervention patrols off the coast of Spain.<ref name=":1">Bacter, S. (n.d.)</ref> Prior to the start of the Second World War, she participated in additional training cruises in the Baltic and joined the ''Gneisenau'' and ''Deutschland'' for exercises in the Atlantic.<ref name=":1" />

Following the outbreak of war, the ''Leipzig'' was one of the ships tasked with blocking the Polish navy from escaping; they were unsuccessful, and several destroyers and submarines managed to escape. Later on, she participated in mine-laying duties, and escorted the ''Scharnhorst'' and ''Gneisenau'' to the Baltic. On December 13th 1939, the ''Leipzig'' was torpedoed by HMS ''Salmon'' as she escorted a flotilla of destroyers through the [[wikipedia:Skagerrak|Skagerrak]]. The torpedo did severe damage to the ship's central section and flooded it with 1,700 tons of water.<ref name=":0" /> Her sister ship ''[[Nürnberg]]'' was also torpedoed. As a result, two destroyers were tasked with escorting the damaged cruisers back to port; on their trip home, one of the destroyers was torpedoed as well. The RAF also organized an air attack against the ''Leipzig'' and ''Nürnberg''; however, the twenty Vickers Wellington bombers failed to do significant damage, and seven were shot down.

The ''Leipzig'' was decommissioned while under repair at Kiel and reclassified as a training ship.<ref name=":1" /> In the years of 1942 and 1943, she mainly served training roles, though she also escorted several capital ships on various excursions. She became the flagship of the training fleet in 1942. In October of 1944, ''Leipzig'' had a serious collision with the heavy cruiser ''[[Prinz Eugen]]''.<ref name=":0" /> The collision almost cut ''Leipzig'' in half, did serious damage to the ship's engine compartment, and killed 39 crewmen. She was so badly damaged that no full repairs were ever made, due to the ever-worsening economic situation in Nazi Germany. The ship only received enough repairs to keep her afloat.

In 1945, ''Leipzig'' provided fire support to German forces defending against the advancing Soviets. During this time, she was repeatedly attacked by sea and by air. She also moved refugees, but was limited to a speed of just 6 knots (11 km/h) due to the damage sustained during the ''Prinz Eugen'' collision. Following the end of hostilities, she was used by the newly-formed German Mine Sweeping Administration as a barracks ship; eventually, in 1946, she was towed out to sea with a load of unused WWII-era gas shells and scuttled.<ref name=":1" />

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


=== References ===
<references />

=== Works Cited ===

* Chen, C. (2009, November). Light Cruiser Leipzig. Retrieved November 16, 2020, from <nowiki>https://ww2db.com/ship_spec.php?ship_id=512</nowiki>
* Bacter, S. (n.d.). Leipzig. Retrieved November 16, 2020, from <nowiki>http://steelnavy.com/PM58Leipzig.htm</nowiki>

{{Germany light cruisers}}

Emden

2021-02-24T15:55:43Z

U16087030: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_cruiser_emden_1944
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German light cruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.83 "Masters of the Sea"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

The {{PAGENAME}} had very good survivability and the perfect amount of guns coupled with decent reload times and fire power. Together, this means you can output a lot of damage in a short period of time against other ships. The armor on this ship is what makes it special, even though it may not appear to have the best armor, its 50 mm layer along with another highly sloped 40 mm solid armor layer behind it, makes it extremely difficult to sink the {{PAGENAME}}.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}
{{main|15 cm/48 KC/36 (150 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
{{main|10.5 cm SK C/32 (105 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}
{{main|4 cm Bofors Flak 28 (40 mm)|2 cm/65 Flakvierling 38 (20 mm)|2 cm/65 Flakzwilling 38 (20 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|G7a (533 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following:

4 x 53 cm G7a torpedoes (warhead = 280 kg Hexanite)

These torpedoes are standard issue Kriegsmarine torpedoes which had good speed, endurance and good firing angle (minimum angle 16 degrees).

== Usage in battles ==
The Emden is unusual among light cruisers for having exceptionally good armour. While the initial row of belt armour is only 50mm, this is backed up by another layer of 40mm armour in a turtleback layout that gives this ship great anti-torpedo protection, and protects ammo stowage from enemy shells. The guns on the Emden are also good, with the 150mm cannons doing good damage to enemy cruisers and with good shell velocity. While the RoF is good, it falls off once the first stage of 10 rounds is depleted. Also, while you have a lot of guns, they're spread out and are rather inaccurate. The broadside is only 6 guns, and the dispersion is pretty poor. The Emden also boasts good AA protection, especially at close range, and its torpedoes have a nasty bite, with good damage and top speed.

The Emden is a slow ship, doing just 47 km/h when stock, which can feel awfully slow after the very fast destroyers that precede it. Also, while the armour protection is great, the crew size is not. Flooding and fires, if they're achieved, can be disastrous for an Emden. This, combined with the fairly weak deck armour, makes this ship particularly vulnerable to aircraft, though your AA guns should reduce this risk somewhat.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Armoured enough with a construction that can take many shots
* Possesses powerful 15 cm guns
* Has the German turtleback armor layout, which is quite effective at containing damage

'''Cons:'''

* In mixed matches, the ship may face the Graf Spee, which can quickly destroy the Emden
* Very small amount of shells for the secondary guns (10.5 cm), so take care to conserve ammunition by maintaining the AI gunners

== History ==

After losing in the First World War and signing the Treaty of Versailles, Germany faced severe restrictions in terms of its military power and the creation of new weapons. As a result, for example, Germany was forbidden from building new cruisers until the service life of those remaining after the war had reached 20 years. However, even in those cases, Germany was not allowed to go beyond strictly defined technical specs when designing a future ship. In 1921, construction of a new light cruiser began in the Wilhelmshaven naval shipyard. The ship was meant to replace the Niobe cruiser, which had been built way back in 1899. After several delays, the cruiser was launched in January 1925 and solemnly named "Emden." The ship inherited the name from a well-known World War I cruiser that had been sunk in the Indian Ocean.

Due to the country's dire economical state, the tactical technical specifications of the new ship ended up being way below those that Germany was allowed to implement in the project. In essence, Emden was obsolete from the construction stage. However, this light cruiser ended up becoming the most upgradable ship of the German fleet. During the 1926-1945 period, extensive work was performed on the cruiser: the coal-fired boilers were replaced with oil-fired ones, new 533 mm torpedo tubes were fitted onto ship, the anti-air armament was significantly improved, the obsolete 150 mm armament of the kaiser era were substituted with more powerful alternatives, and the radar system became subject to numerous upgrades. The cruiser was involved in a lot of adventures during her service time before the start of the war – with eight long-distance cruises under her belt (pun intended), Emden had practically been in every corner of the world. During the Second World War, Emden was primarily used as a training ship and a military communications centre. In 1945, the Emden light cruiser was fatally damaged by a British air dropped bomb and subsequently sunk.

''- From [[wt:en/news/5573-fleet-development-emden-light-cruiser-for-a-new-war-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|GsTppuWdvjA|'''The Shooting Range #120''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 03:58 discusses the Emden.}}

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5573-fleet-development-emden-light-cruiser-for-a-new-war-en|[Devblog] Emden Light Cruiser: For a New War]]

{{Germany light cruisers}}

HMS Southampton

2021-02-24T15:12:37Z

U16087030: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_cruiser_southampton
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British light cruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.89 "Imperial Navy"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}
''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}
{{main|6 inch/50 BL Mark XXIII (152 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
{{main|4 inch/45 Mark XVI (102 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}
{{main|2pdr QF Mk.VIII (40 mm)|Vickers Mk.V (12.7 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}
{{main|Mk.IX (533 mm)}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==
Leading on from the Leander at 5.3, the Southampton feels like a huge overall upgrade. The main battery now consists of twelve 6-inch guns, in triple-mounted gun turrets, giving this ship a very accurate and very powerful broadside for a light cruiser. Combined with the rate of fire of 8 rounds a minute, this ship can be deadly to other cruisers when its rear guns are brought around. Even with the front two turrets, six shells will be firing off every 7.5 seconds, and with good velocity and accuracy. The Southampton also has very good armour for a British cruiser, with 114.3mm of armour protecting the ammo racks and citadel, and 63.5mm of armour protecting the citadel from bow-on bombardment. The main fire tower armour also improves, making the ammo on this ship tricky to hit even for 8-inch guns. The ship also upgrades to the Mk. IX torpedoes, which have good speed and great distance, giving it good anti-cruiser screening capabilities.

The Southampton does have noticeable drawbacks. Firstly, it comes in at 5.7, where it can exclusively face heavy cruisers that can still punch through its armour. In return, its 6-inch guns with the SAP can struggle to penetrate the armour of the stronger cruisers it faces, and it can do nothing if it comes up against battleships. The Southampton's AA armament is also pretty poor. While it retains the 4-inch guns of the Leander, it loses the 20mm cannons for close-range fire, and only carries a handfull of 40mm 2pdr guns, and some 12.7mm Vickers. Also, while being much heavier than the Leander, it still carries roundabout the same number of crewmen, making it quite easy to eliminate this ship with fires and flooding.

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* 12-gun broadside with good rate of fire can cause huge issues for enemy cruisers
* Very accurate guns means ranging shots are rarely necessary
* Improved armour protection, with a very strong citadel and well protected ammo racks

*

'''Cons:'''

* 5.7 BR brings it up against heavy cruisers that can punch through it's armour
* Top speed and manouverability are lacking
* AA armament is pretty poor for a British ship
* Small crew size can mean fires and flooding are a huge danger

*

== History ==

[[File:HMS Southampton 1937.jpg|thumb|470x470px|HMS Southampton before her refit in 1937.]]
The ''HMS Southampton'', pennant number 83, is a light cruiser of the Town class. Launched in 1936, she went on to see service during the Second World War. She initially served as the flagship of the 2nd Cruiser squadron of the Home Fleet, and later participated in several engagements with German vessels. She was reassigned to the Mediterranean in October of 1940. However, in January 1941, she was bombed by Italian aircraft and suffered crippling damage. As a result, she was scuttled with torpedoes from her escorts.<ref name=":1">Helgason, G. (1995)</ref>

=== Design and development ===
The ''Southampton'' was a member of the Town class, a group of light cruisers built in the 1930s. Initially intended to be built as Arethusa-class cruisers, the design was changed after the construction of the American Brooklyn-class and Japanese Mogami-class ships. The vessels were 180 metres long and displaced 11 000 tons, as they weren't regulated by the Washington naval treaty.<ref name=":0">RBJ. (2008)</ref> The ships carried an armament of twelve 152 mm guns in four triple turrets, a big upgrade from the six-gun ''Arethusas''. The ships also carried numerous anti-aircraft defenses, and two triple torpedo launchers. She was capable of 32 knots (59 km/h).<ref name=":0" />

The HMS Southampton was laid down on November 11th 1934, and launched on March 10th 1936.<ref name=":0" /> She was formally commissioned into the Royal Navy in March of 1937.<ref name=":0" />

=== Operational history ===
Following her commissioning, the ''Southampton'' entered service with the 2nd Cruiser squadron of the British Home Fleet. After the outbreak of the Second World War, she participated in the hunts for the German merchant ''Johannes Molkenbuhr'' and the battlecruisers ''Scharnhorst'' and ''Gneisenau''. During this time, she was damaged twice; first by a 500kg bomb while she was laid up at Rosyth, and later by a German air attack off the coast of Norway.<ref name=":1" />

In November of 1940, ''Southampto''n sailed for the Mediterranean. She later participated in the Battle of Cape Spartivento and escorted resupply missions to Malta. However, on January 11th of 1941, she was attacked by twelve Stukas of the ''Luffewaffe''. Hit by two bombs, the ship caught fire and suffered severe damage. With 80 sailors dead and no electrical power, the decision was made to scuttle the ship. Thus, she was sunk by four torpedoes from the cruiser ''Orion'' and a single torpedo from her sister ship ''Gloucester''.<ref name=":1" />

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|hZkupQZmfyc|'''The Shooting Range #163''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:35 discusses the HMS Southampton.}}

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


=== References ===
<references />

=== Works Cited ===

* Helgason, G. (1995). HMS Southampton. Retrieved November 17, 2020, from <nowiki>https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/1235.html</nowiki>
* RBJ. (2008, January 01). Light cruiser HMS Southampton (C83). Retrieved November 18, 2020, from <nowiki>https://shipshub.com/ships/180-1.html</nowiki>

{{Britain light cruisers}}

HMNZS Leander

2021-02-24T15:04:15Z

U16087030: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_cruiser_leander
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British light cruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.87 "Locked On"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}
''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|6 inch/50 BL Mark XXIII (152 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[6 inch/50 BL Mark XXIII (152 mm)|152 mm 6 inch/50 Mark BL XXIII]] (x8)
|-
! colspan="5" | Turrets (Bow to stern)
|-
! || Turret 1 (x2) || Turret 2 (x2) || Turret 3 (x2) || Turret 4 (x2)
|-
! scope="row" | Vertical guidance
| colspan="5" | -5°/+60°
|-
! scope="row" | Horizontal guidance
| colspan="5" | ±145°
|-
! scope="row" | Total ammo capacity
| colspan="5" | 1,600
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 1,000 m !! 2,500 m !! 5,000 m !! 7,500 m !! 10,000 m !! 15,000 m
|-
| 6 inch HE || HE || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37
|-
| 6 inch CPBC || SAPBC || 224 || 194 || 161 || 139 || 125 || 107
|-
| 6 inch HE-TF || HE-TF || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37
|-
| 6 inch HE-VT || HE-VT || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 6 inch HE || HE || 841 || 50.8 || 0.02 || 0.1 || 3,960 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 6 inch CPBC || SAPBC || 841 || 50.8 || 5.5 || 7 || 1,870 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| 6 inch HE-TF || HE-TF || 841 || 50.8 || 0 || 0.1 || 3,960 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 6 inch HE-VT || HE-VT || 841 || 50.8 || 0 || 0.1 || 3,960 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|4 inch/45 Mark XVI (102 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[4 inch/45 Mark XVI (102 mm)|102 mm 4 inch/45 Mark XVI]] (x8)
|-
! colspan="5" | Turrets (Bow to stern)
|-
! || Front port turret (x2) || Front starboard turret (x2) || Rear port turret (x2) || Rear starboard turret (x2)
|-
! scope="row" | Vertical guidance
| -90°/+80° || -80°/+90° || colspan="2" | ±90°
|-
! scope="row" | Horizontal guidance
| colspan="5" | -10°/+80°
|-
! scope="row" | Total ammo capacity
| colspan="5" | 2,000
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 1,000 m !! 2,500 m !! 5,000 m !! 7,500 m !! 10,000 m !! 15,000 m
|-
| 4 inch HE || HE || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20
|-
| 4 inch SAP || SAP || 101 || 86 || 70 || 60 || 54 || 47
|-
| 4 inch HE-TF || HE-TF || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20
|-
| 4 inch HE-VT || HE-VT || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 4 inch HE || HE || 811 || 15.88 || 0 || 0.1 || 1,550 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 4 inch SAP || SAP || 811 || 17.35 || 3 || 3 || 600 || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| 4 inch HE-TF || HE-TF || 811 || 15.88 || 0 || 0.1 || 1,550 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 4 inch HE-VT || HE-VT || 811 || 15.88 || 0 || 0.1 || 1,550 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)|Vickers Mk.V (12.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)|20 mm Oerlikon Mk.II]] (x5)
|-
! colspan="6" | Turrets (Bow to stern)
|-
! || Front turret || Middle port turret || Middle starboard turret || Rear port turret || Rear starboard turret
|-
! scope="row" | Vertical guidance
| colspan="3" | -5°/+65° || colspan="2" | -0°/+65°
|-
! scope="row" | Horizontal guidance
| ±180 || -60°/+90° || -90°/+60° || colspan="2" | ±180
|-
! scope="row" | Total ammo capacity
| colspan="5" | 9,000
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Vickers Mk.V (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm Vickers Mk.V]] (x12)
|-
! colspan="4" | Turrets (Bow to stern)
|-
! || Front port turret (x4) ||Front starboard turret (x4) || Rear turret (x4)
|-
! scope="row" | Vertical guidance
| colspan="3" | +25°/+75°
|-
! scope="row" | Horizontal guidance
| colspan="3" | ±90°
|-
! scope="row" | Total ammo capacity
| colspan="3" | 24,000
|-
|}

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Mk.V (533 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="9" | 533 mm steam turbined Mk.V torpedo
|-
! # on ship !! Mass (kg) !! Maximum speed in water (km/h) !! Travel distance (km) !! Depth stroke (m) !! Arming distance (m) !! Explosive type !! Explosive mass (kg)
|-
| 8 || 1,736 || 74 || 4.57 || 1.0 || 50 || TNT || 305
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==
The Leander is very similar to the Arethusa, its precessor at 5.0. The Leander does have some upgrades over the Arethusa. It carries an extra gun turret, giving it an 8-shell broadside which, combined with the 7.5 second reload, can give the Leander some dangerous firepower with good accuracy. The good turret traverse and SAP shells make this ship dangerous at close quarters, where it can deal good damage ''and'' good penetration to enemy cruisers. It carries the same secondary armament of eight 4-inch guns with four on each broadside, making it a menace for destroyers and larger aircraft. It's also faster than the Arethusa and boasts a larger crew. While the armour is still weak for a cruiser, it's stronger than the Arethusa, with much better protection for the ammo stowage and the gun turrets, as well as some armour for the rudder, which is rare for a light cruiser.

One drawback for the Leander is its weakened AA armament. While it isn't terrible, it's a far cry from the powerful AA screen of the Arethusa, and can leave it vulnerable if it has no friendly ships to offer additional AA fire. The Leander's guns also start to lack at 5.3. Lacking the AP shells of other nations, heavy cruisers can be a real challenge for the Leander, and it struggles to deal good damage at long range as a result.

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* Powerful, fast-firing broadside, especially dangerous at close and medium ranges
* Good secondary armament to beat off destroyers and coastal craft
* Good armour protection, especially around the ammo and guns
* Good top speed and manouvreability

*

'''Cons:'''

* Weakened AA armament compared to its precessors
* Armour still isn't enough to save it against heavy cruiser guns
* While the crew is larger than previous cruisers, it's still pretty small
* Big target compared to previous British ships

*

== History ==
[[File:British light cruiser HMS Leander (75) underway at sea in 1945.jpg|thumb|450x450px|HMNZS Leander (75) underway at sea in 1945.]]
HMNZS / HMS Leander was the lead ship of the eight-ship Leander class, built in the 1930s as a follow-up to the Emerald (E) class. Influenced by the design of the British County-class heavy cruisers, Leander carried a main armament of eight 6-inch guns in dual turrets. Commissioned in 1933, she served under the New Zealand division of the Royal Navy and was eventually given to the New Zealand Navy in 1941, renamed HMNZS Leander. She served in the Indian Ocean and Mediterranean sea during the early days of the Second World War, primarily as a convoy escort. She later served in the Solomon Islands campaign and was hit by a 610 mm torpedo that put her out of service until the end of the war. Following the cessation of hostilities, Leander was repatriated to the UK, and served with the Mediterranean fleet until she was retired in 1948 and scrapped by 1950.

=== Design and development ===
The Leander-class cruisers originated as a successor to the British Emerald (or E) class, as the first class of light cruisers built by the United Kingdom since the end of the First World War. Influenced by the designs of the County and York classes of heavy cruisers, the Leander class had a similar hull design and gun arrangement. However, displacing 7270 tons standard, they were significantly lighter. Leander’s powerful steam turbines allowed her to reach a top speed of almost 33 knots (61 km/h), but their large size meant that she had relatively low armour protection compared to her peers - up to 3 inches (76 mm) of armour at the magazines, and far less throughout the vessel.

Leander carried a main armament of eight 6-inch (152 mm) BL Mk 23 guns mounted in four twin turrets, similar to the layout of the County-class heavy cruisers. She also carried a secondary armament of four single 4-inch (102 mm) dual-purpose guns, though these were upgraded to dual turrets later in her career. Her initial anti-aircraft armament was also rather sparse, composed of just three quadruple Vickers machine guns (calibre 12.7 mm); this was also upgraded significantly in her later service. Leander, the first ship of her class, was laid down in February of 1930; following completion, she was commissioned in 1933.

=== Operational history ===
Following her completion, the Leander served in the New Zealand division of the Royal Navy, along with her sister ship Achilles. Back then, the defence of New Zealand’s naval territory was conducted by the Royal Navy, and as a result, the ships were operated by the Royal Navy until the formation of the New Zealand navy in 1941. She participated in the Coronation Review of 1937, and later conducted an aerial survey of the south Pacific ocean. During the time before the war, she toured ports in New Zealand, and also participated in exercises in Australian and British waters.

Following the outbreak of the Second World War, Leander travelled to the port of Alexandria, in the Mediterranean. She was intended to serve in the British mediterranean fleet, but these plans were changed when she was instead given to the British East Indies squadron. During this period, she escorted convoys in the Red sea area and sank several vessels, including an Italian submarine and merchant raider.

In early 1941, Leander was formally given to the New Zealand Navy, which had been formed as an independent naval force. She was then reassigned to the Mediterranean squadron to replace several cruisers that had been destroyed. During this time, she participated in the Syria-Lebanon campaign, fighting against the Vichy French naval forces stationed in that area. After this action, Leander departed as an escort for a convoy bound for Australia, arriving in September of 1941.

In early 1942, with the Japanese raid on Pearl harbour and subsequent declaration of war, Leander began serving in the Pacific theatre. She escorted convoys during the Solomons campaign but was dry docked for several months when a crack was found in her hull. She was returned to service in March of 1943, replacing the sunken cruiser Helena in the Solomon campaign. It was there in July of 1943 when, during a short engagement with Japanese naval forces, Helena was hit by a 610 mm “long lance” torpedo. The damage was extreme, yet she survived and limped to port for repairs. In fact, the damage was extensive enough that she was taken out of service for the rest of the war. By late 1944, Leander had been paid off from the New Zealand Navy, most of her crew members going to her sister ship HMNZS Achilles. Following the completion of repairs, she was repatriated to the UK in late 1945. She saw little service, and was used as a target ship in 1948 before being scrapped by 1950.

=== [[wt:en/news/6084-development-hmnzs-leander-the-legend-of-defiance-en|Devblog]] ===
The Leander-class light cruisers were designed in the late 1920s under the influence of the York-class heavy cruisers. However, the Leander-class differed from previous light cruisers by placing a higher emphasis on seaworthiness and operating range, rather than on protection and firepower. This was done with the aim to make the Leander-class light cruisers more suitable for the commerce protection role.

Initially, five ships of the Leander-class were ordered in the early 1930s, with HMS Leader as the lead ship being laid down in September 1930. Leander was completed a year later and commissioned into service in March 1933. Initially, the warship served with the New Zealand Division of the Royal Navy, before being transferred to the Royal New Zealand Navy after its formation in 1941. From there onwards, the ship sailed under its new designation HMNZS Leander.

Leander primarily served in the Pacific theatre during WW2, taking part in several smaller operations during her early service life. Leander was also briefly stationed in the Mediterranean, supporting allied troops in actions against Vichy France during the Syria-Lebanon campaign. After that, Leander once again returned to the Pacific, where she was severely damaged after an engagement with a small Japanese task force in July 1943. The damage suffered from a torpedo hit was so severe that it rendered Leander inoperable for the remainder of the war, until she was repaired in August 1945.

HMNZS Leander only had a very short post-war service life. The warship was officially decommissioned in 1948 and sold for scrap in 1950.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6084-development-hmnzs-leander-the-legend-of-defiance-en|[Devblog] HMNZS Leander - The Legend of Defiance]]

=== References: ===

* New Zealand History. (2020). HMNZS Leander. Retrieved January 04, 2021, from <nowiki>https://nzhistory.govt.nz/war/hmnzs-leander</nowiki>
* National Museum of the New Zealand Navy. (2020, June 08). Leander. Retrieved January 07, 2021, from <nowiki>https://navymuseum.co.nz/explore/by-collections/ships/leander/</nowiki>
{{Britain light cruisers}}

HMS Arethusa

2021-02-24T14:57:18Z

U16087030: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_cruiser_arethusa
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British light cruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}
''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}
{{main|6 inch/50 BL Mark XXIII (152 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
{{main|4 inch/45 Mark XVI (102 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}
{{main|Bofors L/60 Mark 2 (40 mm)|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mark V (20 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}
{{main|Mk.V (533 mm)}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==
The Arethusa is a general improvement over the Enterprise in all but a few ways. Firstly, the Arethusa features a better main armament. While the number of guns goes down to six, the broadside is up to six thanks to the three dual-gunned superfiring turrets. These guns also have a better RoF, firing a shot ever 7.5 seconds. This, combined with the Arethusa's good turret traverse, can make this ship a monster at medium-to-close range. Carrying on from the Enterprise, the Arethusa still bolsters a powerful AA screen, but now with better DP guns thanks to the dual-mounted 4-inch guns, with a 3 second reload. These guns can be deadly both to large aircraft and to enemy destroyers and patrol boats, giving the Arethusa more survivability at close range than its predecessor. It also still features the fast torpedoes of the Enterprise, as well as good turning time.

The Arethusa does sacrifice some elements of its design. Firstly, it's a slow ship, doing just 26 knots when stock. It also inherits the poor armour of the Enterprise, with the additition of having even worse deck armour (making this ship vulnerable to bombs and rockets) and weaker belt armour. This, combined with the ship's low crew tally, means it struggles to take on a good amount of damage, especially from other cruisers. This ship can still be played effectively against light cruisers and destroyers (which it will especially bully), but Arethusa players should be terrified of the armoured light cruisers of Russia and America, as well as heavy cruisers of any design, which can punish the Arethusa's small size and poor armour.

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* Fast firing and accurate broadside can be a menace for light cruisers and destroyers
* Fantastic AA armament, effective against aircraft of all sizes and types
* Decent secondary armament with good RoF can give destroyers and patrol boats issues
* Good turn time allows for good close quarters movement

*

'''Cons:'''

* Lack of true AP shells can make heavily armoured cruisers a challenge, especially a long range
* Only six guns on broadside can feel weak at times
* Poor armour, even other light cruisers can punish this ship
* Poor top speed can make repositioning and evasive manouvres difficult

*

== History ==
[[File:HMS Arethusa 1942 IWM FL 889.jpg|thumb|450x450px|HMS Arethusa as seen in 1942.]]
HMS Arethusa was the lead ship of her class, a set of four light cruisers built for the Royal Navy. Designed as a lighter version of the [[HMNZS Leander|Leander]] class to counter Merchant-raider ships, they had a smaller displacement and armament but were big enough to serve as fleet cruisers. Commissioned in 1935, Arethusa served in the Mediterranean theatre before the outbreak of war, and later participated in a variety of conflicts including the Norwegian campaign and Mediterranean campaign. Struck by a torpedo in late 1942, she was inoperational until late 1943 and didn’t see active service until the D-Day landings in June of 1944. She had the honour of ferrying King George VI over the English channel to inspect the Allied forces in Normandy, but was later damaged by a naval mine and put out of service for the rest of the war. She was used for weapons trials until 1949, and subsequently scrapped.

=== Design and development ===
In the 1930s, there was serious concern over the potency of armed merchant raiders (merchant ships retrofitted with heavy armament), and as a result, the Royal Navy ordered a new class of vessels to counter these ships. The new vessel featured a toned-down version of Leander’s hull, with less armament. Even so, they were able to outgun (and possibly outrun) merchant cruisers by a fair margin. The Arethusa herself displaced just 5220 tons standard, and was capable of making 32 knots (59 km/h).

The Arethusa was armed with six 6-inch (152 mm) BL Mk 23 guns in three dual turrets - two fore (in the ‘A’ and ‘B’ positions) and one aft (in the ‘Y’ position). Her secondary armament was composed of four single 4-inch (102 mm) guns, though this was replaced in a later refit. Her anti-aircraft armament was initially scarce, but was improved over time. She carried two triple 533 mm torpedo tubes in beam positions.

Arethusa was laid down in 1933, and launched in March of 1934. After completion, she was commissioned in 1935.

=== Operational history ===
After her commissioning, the Arethusa was assigned to the British Mediterranean squadron, and remained there at the start of the Second World War. She was then recalled to the British Home Fleet, and subsequently served in the Norwegian campaign. In June of 1940, she joined Force H at Gibraltar, and participated in the attack on French Forces based at Mers-el-Kebir. She later participated in the Hunt for Bismarck, and was later employed on convoy escort duties in the Mediterranean.

In November of 1942, Arethusa was struck by an Italian torpedo that caused severe damage; after temporary repairs, she was sent to the Charleston dockyard in the US and remained there until late 1943. During this time, her anti-aircraft armament was improved significantly, and she was fitted with new dual 4-inch mountings. After her return to service, she participated in the D-Day landings and provided fire support for the forces landing at Sword Beach. She was also given the honor of carrying King George VI across the English Channel to inspect allied forces in the Normandy region. However, she was hit by a mine several days later and sent back to the shipyards for repair. Arethusa saw little service for the rest of the war, and was placed into reserve in November of 1945. There were plans to sell her to the Netherlands navy, but these plans failed to come through and Arethusa was eventually scrapped by 1950.

=== [[wt:en/news/6363-development-hms-arethusa-mistress-of-the-seas-en|Devblog]] ===
The development of the Arethusa-class light cruisers began because their predecessors - type Leander ships, were not very suitable for fleet operations at sea nor as a lead destroyer. Type Leander cruisers didn't have the maneuverability to be leaders, nor did they meet the minimum silhouette requirements for night operations. British engineers had to create a new, lighter, and more maneuverable ship based on the Leander.

The result of this endeavour was the creation of the Arethusa-class in the early 1930s - a light cruiser design based on the Leander-class, with reductions in firepower, protection and other aspects to accomodate for weight savings. The design was soon approved for construction, with six ships being initially ordered, although five were actually built in the end.

HMS Arethusa, the lead ship of her class, was laid down in January 1933, being commissioned in May 1935. Upon her completion, HMS Arethusa was immediately assigned to the Mediterranean, where she would also witness the outbreak of WWII in September 1939. Early in the war, HMS Arethusa operated off the coast of Norway, assisted in the evacuation of troops from France in 1940 and protected numerous Allied convoys in the Atlantic and Mediterranean.

Later in the war, in 1942, HMS Arethusa suffered heavy damages as a result of an airborne torpedo attack by axis forces, knocking the ship out of action for almost 2 years before finally being repaired in the US. Arethusa's final major operation of WWII were the Allied landings in Normandy in 1944. HMS Arethusa was put in reserve in the immediate postwar years and was later scrapped in May 1950.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6363-development-hms-arethusa-mistress-of-the-seas-en|[Devblog] HMS Arethusa: Mistress of the Seas]]

=== References ===

* Mason, G. B., & Smith, G. (2004). HMS Arethusa, British Light Cruiser. Retrieved January 07, 2021, from <nowiki>https://www.naval-history.net/xGM-Chrono-06CL-Arethusa.htm</nowiki>
* Helgason, G. (1995). Uboat.net. Retrieved January 07, 2021, from <nowiki>https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/4009.html</nowiki>
{{Britain light cruisers}}

HMS Enterprise

2021-02-24T14:48:41Z

U16087030: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_cruiser_enterprise_d52
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British light cruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.83 "Masters of the Sea"]] as part of the British fleet closed beta test.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}
''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}
{{main|6 inch/45 BL Mark XII (152 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
{{main|4 in QF Mark V (102 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}
{{main|2pdr QF Mk.IIc (40 mm)|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}
{{main|Mk.V (533 mm)}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==
The Enterprise is one of the first British cruisers, and should get players used to the rest of the British cruisers. The Enterprise boasts a fantastic AA battery, good speed and turning, an adequate main battery, and poor armour.

The main guns on the Enterprise have their pros and cons. It comes with 7 guns total, spread out over a dual-gun turret at the bow, and 5 other cannons across the ship. It can bring 5 to a broadside, which isn't a huge amount, but its 7 rounds/per minute RoF can be deadly to other cruisers, and can often be underestimated. Also, because of how the guns are spread out, knocking them out can be a challenge for enemy ships, who are often used to firing at the bow turrets. The guns also have good muzzle velocity, making them decent at long range, and the SAPBC shells have surprisingly good penetration. At close range, you can even punch through heavy cruiser armour.

The real strength of the Enterprise is found in its powerful AA battery. A cluster of 20mm cannons, backed up by some 4-inch and 40mm guns, makes this ship a menace for aircraft of all sizes. Stay close to your allied ships and you can be a useful anti-aircraft screen, while using them to take the brunt of damage from enemy ships. The Enterprise has somewhat good armour, with decent antifragmentation deck armour and good belt armour, though its ammo racks are very weakly protected. Thankfully, they are below the waterline, but bigger guns can still punch through.

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* Good gun handling and reload makes the Enterprise's firepower fairly effective and often underestimated
* Fantastic AA battery can cause trouble for aircraft of any size
* Good top speed and turning means it can move around the battlefield deftly
* Fast, high damage torpedoes can be deadly at close range

*

'''Cons:'''

* Small number of guns leads to inaccurate broadsides and a lack of big punch in damage
* Torpedoes have a very small range, though this is improved handily with the torpedo mode upgrade
* Tiny crew size can make fires and flooding very dangerous
* Armour protection is a mixed bag, with ammo racks especially vulnerable to big cruiser guns

*

== History ==

HMS Enterprise (D52) was one of two Emerald-class cruisers built for the Royal Navy at the end of the First World War. Designed as an incremental improvement over the previous ‘D’ Class, the ship carried an improved armament scheme and was capable of higher speeds. Enterprise was completed too late to see service during the First World War, but served extensively in the East Indies during the interwar period. She later received an experimental dual turret at the front, which would be built into the designs of the later Arethusa and Leander class cruisers. Enterprise served extensively during the Second World War in the Atlantic and within home waters; she was eventually scrapped in 1946.

=== Design and development ===
The ‘E’ Class, or Emerald class, was designed as a follow-up to the previous D-class cruisers. The ships were designed with a much higher emphasis on speed rather than armour - as a result, they were capable of reaching 33 knots (61 km/h) compared to 29 knots (54 km/h) for the previous class. To achieve this higher speed, the engine block was much larger, delivering almost twice as much horsepower compared to the previous D class. Enterprise herself was fitted with an experimental twin turret in 1930, which proved to be highly successful. As a result, it was retained, and a new superstructure was fitted further forward. This turret would also be inherited by subsequent British light cruiser designs.

Enterprise displaced 7580 tons standard and had a crew complement of 572 officers and crew. Her main armament consisted of seven BL 6-inch (152 mm) Mk 12 mounts in five single and one dual turret. Secondary armament consisted of several 4-inch (102 mm) guns, as well as numerous lower-calibre anti-aircraft guns. Throughout the course of her service, Enterprise’s anti-aircraft armament was improved several times. Powered by steam turbines, Enterprise was capable of making 33 knots (61 km/h).

=== Operational history ===
After her commissioning, HMS Enterprise was assigned to the Indies squadron, remaining there until 1928. Her service was relatively quite remarkable in that it resulted in the creation of the Enterprise Cup (from a trophy donated by the sailors of the Enterprise), which remains a hotly-contested rugby competition in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania. After returning to the UK to receive her new experimental turret, Enterprise returned to the East Indies, remaining there until 1937.

At the start of the Second World War, Enterprise was sent back to the Atlantic where she spent the first several months of war as a convoy escort. She later evacuated 10 million dollar’s worth of British gold (625 million today adjusting for inflation) to Canada as part of Operation Fish, and repeated the same actions transporting a third of the Norwegian gold reserve to the British isles as part of the Norwegian evacuation. She later participated in the negotiations with the Vichy French fleet, and subsequently, the destruction of the French Fleet at the Mediterranean port of Mers-El-Kebir.

In early 1941, Enterprise was reassigned to the East Indies squadron to hunt for the German raider Admiral Scheer; after the start of the war in the Pacific, she rescued sailors from the heavy cruisers Cornwall and Dorsetshire which had been sunk by Japanese forces. In early 1942, Enterprise was redeployed to the home fleet, and later participated in the Battle of the Bay of Biscay, where she sank a German torpedo boat using torpedoes. She served as part of the bombardment force during the D-Day landings, and in October of 1944, was reduced to reserve. After repatriating British troops in 1946, HMS Enterprise was sold for scrap.

=== [[wt:en/news/5481-fleet-development-the-first-light-cruisers-in-war-thunder-en|Devblog]] ===
HMS Enterprise served in the Royal Navy until the end of WWII. This light cruiser has a rich history of exploits and adventures – she served in Shanghai during the disturbances in 1927, participated in the emergency evacuation of Prince Edward from Africa, and transported troops to Hong Kong and the Malay Peninsula. With the outbreak of the Second World War, HMS Enterprise was assigned to the Northern Patrol, where besides protecting British ships, she also transported incredible numbers of gold bars. She later participated in the Norwegian Operation, just barely escaping German torpedoes, and escorted a shipment of British fighters to Malta. She attacked French ships in Mers El Kébir, hunted German raiders in the South Atlantic and Indian oceans, was active in the Persian Gulf, and rescued seamen from the Cornwall and Dorsetshire cruisers sunk by Japanese aircraft. The light cruiser survived fierce battles with the squadrons of the Kriegsmarine along the French coast, she attacked German coastal defenses during the Allied Normandy landings, and provided artillery support for forces advancing across France. Throughout her lifetime, HMS Enterprise travelled the globe, fighting the French, the Italians, the Germans, and the Japanese.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5481-fleet-development-the-first-light-cruisers-in-war-thunder-en|[Devblog] The first Light Cruisers in War Thunder]]

=== References ===

* Helgason, G. (1995). HMS Enterprise. Retrieved January 26, 2021, from <nowiki>https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/1215.html</nowiki>
* Mason, G. B. (1999). HMS Enterprise. Retrieved January 26, 2021, from <nowiki>https://www.naval-history.net/xGM-Chrono-06CL-Enterprise.htm</nowiki>
{{Britain light cruisers}}

HMS Hawkins

2021-02-24T14:39:21Z

U16087030: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_cruiser_hawkins
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British heavy cruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.93 "Shark Attack"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}
''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}
{{main|7.5 inch/45 BL Mk.VI (190 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
{{main|4 in QF Mark V (102 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}
{{main|2pdr QF Mk.VIII (40 mm)|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}
{{main|Mk.V (533 mm)}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==
Like many other first cruisers, the Hawkins is an awkward ship, but does have its strengths. The 7.5-inch guns are very powerful for 5.0, doing huge damage compared to the 6-inch (and smaller) cannons it can face when it's top-tier. They also have a pretty good reload, meaning you can duel light cruisers to good effect. Unfortunately, the guns are few in number and spread out over the ship. You can only use six on a broadside, and they are painfully inaccurate due to their positioning, meaning long-range gunnery can be frustrating. Still, when they do hit, they can be deadly. These 190mm shells can be a death sentence for destroyers, and other cruisers should be weary of them.

The Hawkins is slow for a cruiser, doing just 55 km/h even when fully upgraded. Repositioning can be difficult, and she isn't a fast turner either. Also, the Hawkins' armour is a mixed bag. The central belt armor can be difficult for destroyers and light cruisers to contend with, but the front and rear armor sections are pretty thin, and the deck armour is dreadful. Bombs and rockets can be especially dangerous for this ship. It also boasts a poor crew size, meaning fires can be especially dangerous.

The Hawkins does have a fairly adequate AA armament, though it still pales in comparison to its German and American rivals. It's secondary armament is also nothing to write home about, with just four 4-inch guns, and only two on broadside. It's best not to rely on them. The Hawkins does also get torpedoes, and while they have a pretty weak distance (especially without torpedo mode unlocked), they're actually quite fast for British torpedoes, making them quite deadly to enemy ships at close range.

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* Powerful main guns with a good reload can make this ship's main battery deadly to almost any ship it's likely to face, even in an uptier
* Adequate AA protection, especially at close quarters
* Good belt armour can prove to be a challenge for light cruisers, especially at long range
* Torpedoes have good speed and damage, making them deadly at close range

*

'''Cons:'''

* Poor top speed, even for a heavy cruiser
* Overall armour protection is weak, especially against aircraft
* Secondary armament is close to useless
* Layout of main battery leads to inaccurate volleys and a fairly weak broadside

*

== History ==

HMS ''Hawkins'' (D86) was the lead ship of the ''Hawkins''-class of heavy cruisers. Launched in 1917, the ship would go on to serve as the flagship of the 5th Light Cruiser squadron based in the Eastern theatre, as well as the flagship of the 2nd Wing based in the Atlantic. In 1930, she was decommissioned, had her armament removed and became a training ship. However, she was recommissioned in 1939 with the outbreak of the Second World War. ''Hawkins'' served as a convoy escort ship and participated in the D-Day naval bombardment. In early 1945, ''Hawkins'' was placed in reserve; she served as a cadet training ship and a target ship, and was scrapped in mid-1947.<ref name=":0">D-Day Encyclopedia. (n.d.)</ref>

=== Design and Construction ===
The ''Hawkins'' was the lead ship of the ''Hawkins''-class of five heavy cruisers. Designed during the first half of WWI, the ships were designed as a series of fast, lightly-armoured heavy cruisers capable of hunting down similar German cruisers and commerce raiders of its era. By 1915, the design had been finalized, despite there being no need for a cruiser of its configuration due to the eradication of German commerce raiders.<ref name=":1">Alvama. (1970)</ref>

The ship was 184 metres long and displaced 12,190 tons full load.<ref name=":0" /> Main armament consisted of seven 7.5-inch (190 mm) guns in single mounts - five were mounted on the centreline while two were mounted at the sides. The ships initially carried a mix of 76 mm and 2-pounder (40 mm) AA guns, but these were removed in later refits. ''Hawkins'' was also initially armed with a pair of triple torpedo tubes, but these were removed in 1937. The ship had light armour protection with a maximum thickness of 3 inches (76 mm), and could make 30 knots (55 km/h).<ref name=":0" />

Five ships of the ''Hawkins''-class were ordered: ''Hawkins'', ''Raleigh'', ''Frobisher'', ''Effingham'' and ''Cavendish''. However, ''Cavendish'' was reconstructed during construction as an aircraft carrier and entered service as HMS ''Vindictive''. HMS ''Hawkins'' was laid down on June 3rd 1916 and launched on October 1st 1917. She was completed and commissioned in July 1919.<ref name=":1" />

=== Operational Service ===
[[File:HMS Hawkins Underway.jpg|thumb|490x490px|HMS Hawkins Underway, circa 1929-1935.]]
Following the completion of sea trials, ''Hawkins'' served as the flagship of the 5th Light Cruiser Fleet, based in the China Sea. She served in the Eastern Theatre until 1928, when she was transferred back to the Atlantic as the flagship of the 2nd Wing. In 1930, she was decommissioned and placed in reserve, where she was used by cadets of the Royal Navy for training purposes. In 1937, she had her 7.5-inch guns and torpedo tubes removed, as required by the London Naval Treaty.<ref name=":0" />

Upon the outbreak of the Second World War, ''Hawkins'' was recommissioned and had her main guns reinstalled. She was immediately deployed to the southern Atlantic, serving convoy escort duties. She served in the Indian ocean between 1942 and 1944, and captured many Axis merchantmen and freighters. She also served in the naval bombardment preceding the D-Day invasions.<ref name=":0" />

In August of 1944, ''Hawkins'' was again relegated to cadet-training units. She was placed into reserve and 1945, and served as a cadet training ship for an additional year. In 1947, she was used as a target ship for RAF bomb-dropping tests<ref name=":1" /> and was scrapped shortly thereafter.<ref name=":0" />

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


=== References ===
<references />

=== Works Cited ===

* D-Day Encyclopedia. (n.d.). HMS Hawkins - Battle of Normandy. Retrieved November 16, 2020, from <nowiki>https://www.dday-overlord.com/en/material/warships/hms-hawkins</nowiki>
* Alvama. (1970, January 01). British heavy cruiser HMS Hawkins (D86) 1916-1947. Retrieved November 16, 2020, from <nowiki>http://warshipsresearch.blogspot.com/2017/05/british-heavy-cruiser-hms-hawkins-d86.html</nowiki>

{{Britain heavy cruisers}}

HMS York

2021-02-24T14:28:45Z

U16087030: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_cruiser_york
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British heavy cruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Starfighters"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|8 inch/50 Mark VIII (203 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|4 in QF Mark V (102 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)|Vickers Mk.V (12.7 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Mk.IX (533 mm)}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==

The ''York'' is very much a sniping cruiser and should be played as such. While it lacks a huge broadside, it makes up for this with a fantastic 5 rounds/per minute RoF, which is one of the best reloads in the game for heavy cruiser firepower. For comparison, the American heavy cruisers fire 3 rounds/per minute, nearly half as quickly. Combined with good shell velocity, this can make the York a frightening opponent for other cruisers, with its guns doing immense damage. Better yet, 2/3rds of the York's firepower is positioned on the bow, meaning it can angle severely and still do a good amount of damage. The York is also a fairly nimble ship, and while it isn't very fast in a straight line, its low weight for a heavy cruiser means it can get up to speed well, and can turn very quickly.

The York suffers once the gap in distance is closed. Its armour is pretty terrible, even for a British cruiser. While the ammo racks are well protected (and will prove a challenge for anything except other heavy cruisers), its belt armour is very flat and very weak. While its deck armour is strong, it's only rolled armour, meaning arcing shells, bombs, and rockets, can do immense damage if they hit the superstructure. The guns are also very weak, with just 25mm of armour around the turrets, meaning they can be knocked out very easily, even by light cruisers. In addition, the York lacks the beefy AA armament of many other British ships. It has only four 4-inch DP guns, and just a handful of 20mm and 12.7mm small arms guns to combat aircraft at close range. Combined with its weak armour, this can make the York an enticing target for aircraft.

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* Fantastic rate of fire with its main battery guns can make it a menace in gunnery duels
* Small and nimble, can move around the battlefield very well
* A small target that can be difficult to hit, especially at long range
* Access to torpedoes with good speed and damage, which can ward off flanking cruisers effectively
* Well-armoured ammo racks mean one-shots are only possible for heavy cruisers

*

'''Cons:'''

* Anaemic secondary armament that can leave it vulnerable at close range and against aircraft
* Tiny crew size - fires and flooding can kill it very quickly
* Poor belt and deck armour makes it vulnerable to arcing fire and bombs

*

== History ==

[[File:York, 1938.jpg|thumb|HMS York entering Havana harbour, 1938.]]
HMS ''York'' (90) was the lead ship of two ''York''-class heavy cruisers built for the Royal Navy. She served in the North American theatre before the war, and escorted Atlantic convoys in the first part of the Second World War. She also participated in the British Norway campaign, and was later reassigned to the Mediterranean Squadron. However, while in service with the Mediterranean fleet, she was disabled by Italian explosive motorboats. Critically damaged, her wreck was abandoned by the Allies. She was salvaged and scrapped in 1952.

=== Design and development ===
The ''York'' was based on the earlier ''County''-class cruisers, the first 8-inch heavy cruisers used by the United Kingdom. Lighter than the previous 10-thousand ton ''County''-class cruisers, the ''York'' displaced 8,250 tons standard.<ref name=":0">Lettens, J. (2008)</ref> The ''York'' carried eight 8-inch (203 mm) guns in four dual turrets; this was the standard armament for later British heavy cruisers.<ref name=":0" />She also carried two triple torpedo tube launchers. Her anti-aircraft armament was rather sparse, and was never improved sufficiently to grant her good AA performance. She could make a top speed of 32 knots (59 km/h), and had an endurance of 24,600 km at 22 km/h.<ref name=":0" />

The ''York'' was laid down on May 16th 1927, and was launched on July 17th 1928. She was completed on May 1st 1930, and subsequently began serving with the British home fleet.<ref name=":1">Helgason, G. (1995)</ref>

=== Operational Service ===
The ''York'' entered service in 1930, serving as the flagship of the 2nd Cruiser squadron of the Home Fleet. Between 1934 and 1940, she served primarily with the North America/West Indies Station, though she was detached to the Mediterranean fleet for two years for the Italo-Abyssinian War.

At the start of the Second World War, ''York'' was based in Halifax as a part of Force F, a squadron tasked with hunting for commerce raiders and escorting convoys. She returned to the UK in late 1939, and underwent a refit before being assigned to the 1st Cruiser squadron of the Home Fleet. She also participated in the planned British invasion of Norway, and evacuated Anglo-French troops from Namsos following the German invasion.

In August of 1940, ''York'' was assigned to the 3rd Cruiser squadron of the British Mediterranean fleet. She participated in the Battle of Passero, where she sank the crippled destroyer ''Artigliere'', and escorted the carrier HMS ''Illustrious'' during her raid on the Italian fleet at Taranto.<ref name=":1" /> However, in early 1941, she was disabled by explosive MTBs of the Italian navy. German bombers further damaged the ship, which was considered to be damaged beyond repair.<ref name=":1" /> As a result, the British abandoned the ship and destroyed its armament prior to their evacuation from Crete; the wreck was salvaged and scrapped in 1952.<ref name=":0" />

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


=== References ===
<references />

=== Works Cited ===

* Lettens, J. (2008, August 28). HMS York (1941). Retrieved November 16, 2020, from <nowiki>https://www.wrecksite.eu/wreck.aspx?123797</nowiki>
* Helgason, G. (1995). HMS York. Retrieved November 16, 2020, from <nowiki>https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/1187.html</nowiki>

{{Britain heavy cruisers}}

USS Pensacola

2021-02-24T14:17:07Z

U16087030: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=us_cruiser_pensacola_class
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American heavy cruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.93 "Shark Attack"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}
''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|8 inch/55 Mark 15 (203 mm)}}

The ''Pensacola'' carries a main armament of ten 8"/55 Mk.15 guns in two triple and two twin mounts. These guns are the standard armament for American heavy cruisers, and pack an impressive punch. The guns have good ballistics, and can access four shell types: Mk.14 Common, Mk.19 APCBC, Mk.25 HC and Mk.17 SP Common. Of these shells, the Mk.17 Special Common shell is most effective against cruisers, as it has a great explosive mass and enough penetration for most cruiser main armour belts. The Mk.19 APCBC shell can be used against heavily-armoured targets, but has a relatively small explosive mass of 1.65 kg. Finally, the HC shell, with almost 10 kilograms of explosive filler, is highly effective against destroyers and unarmoured vessels.

However, the guns have two main drawbacks. Firstly, they have the slowest reload speed of any 8-inch gun, with a fire rate of just three rounds per minute (20-second gun reload). This means that they fire much slower than their contemporaries, which typically have a fire rate of five rounds per minute (12-second reload). As well, the guns have the slowest horizontal turret rotation speed of any heavy cruiser, at just 3.1 degrees/second (comparatively, the Admiral Hipper's guns rotate at 6.8 degrees/second).

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|5 inch/25 Mk.13 AA (127 mm)}}

The ''Pensacola'' carries a secondary armament of eight 5"/25 Mk.13 anti-aircraft guns, mounted on single open-mounts. These cannons are very effective medium-to-long range anti-aircraft guns, but are not effective against any armoured targets. They have access to just two shell types - Mk.36 AAC (HE-TF) and Mk.28 AAC (HE-VT). The former is a time-fuse shell (meaning that the fuze is set before the weapon is fired), while the latter is a proximity fuze shell that explodes automatically upon reaching the target. Both shells are ineffective against armoured targets, having ~35 mm of penetration. However, they are both capable of dealing with air and unarmoured targets quite effectively. The HE-VT shell is typically the better pick, as it offers greatly-improved efficiency against air targets.

The guns themselves are relatively good at short-range defence, being capable of firing at 20 rounds per minute (3-second reload). As well, they have very good vertical and horizontal firing angles. However, take note that the guns fire at a low muzzle velocity of 657 m/s which should be accounted for when manually aiming.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|1.1 inch/75 Mk.1 (28 mm)|AN-M2 (12.7 mm)}}

The 1.1 inch/75 Mk.1 gun, otherwise known as the "Chicago Piano" (because it was the size of a baby grand-piano), was the standard anti-aircraft armament for most American ships prior to the introduction of the 40 mm Bofors cannon - Pensacola carries two of these quad-mount guns. These guns are mediocre at best; though they have a good fire rate (similar to the AN-M2 Browning), they aren't too effective at dealing damage, and also jam rather quickly. As well, take note that the gun doesn't have ammunition options.

Pensacola also carries four AN-M2 anti-aircraft guns. The AN-M2 is a navalised anti-aircraft version of the popular Browning machine gun. This gun is rather ineffective at dealing significant damage to enemy aircraft, and is only effective within ~1.5-2 kilometres at most. As well, keep in mind that these guns have a long 12-second reload after the gun's magazine has been used.

== Usage in battles ==
The Pensacola has one of the best broadsides for 5.3, with ten 8-inch guns, and this should be used to your advantage. Use the accuracy of the guns and the good shell velocity to keep your distance and punish opposing ships from afar. These guns also have a wide array of shell types, allowing you to shoot at any type of craft you fancy with good effect. The guns do have a slow RoF, even as far as heavy cruiser guns go, so be sure to keep a good crew and make your shots count. Ranging shots will do you a world of good.

Unfortunately, the strengths of the Pensacola end there, and to do well in this ship, you have to be aware of her many limitations. Firstly, the Pensacola is far from the fastest cruiser. While she's fairly nimble once fully upgraded, she'll still lag behind the fastest cruisers, and will struggle to reposition flexibly. Be sure to plan your movements ahead of time and be aware of the battle around you. Also, the Pensacola is a big, fairly easy target. Other than the armour protecting her front ammo racks, her protection is seriously lacking. Other cruiser guns and torpedoes especially will doom you, and aircraft with big enough bombs can also cause immense damage. Speaking of aircraft, the Pensacola's AA armament is pretty shoddy. While the 5-inch guns are fairly effective at long range, her smaller guns are few and far between, and lack the close range damage of 20mm and 40mm cannons. Keep an eye out for aircraft, and keep friendly escort ships close by. Lastly, while the guns on the Pensacola are powerful, they still have their limitations. The turret traverse is poor, meaning an enemy on your flank can be a death sentence. In addition, the Pensacola's guns have a 20 second reload, meaning a well-trained crew is a must, especially if you're stuck in a close quarters encounter against any light cruisers that can easily punch through your armour.

==== To sink a Pensacola ====
Pensacola's are easy targets for other cruisers. Their armour is weak, they aren't that fast, and their secondary armament is fairly lacking. Don't attack them head on, where they can angle their bow armour and bring five of their guns to bear. Instead, get on their flank and punish their weak belt armour. The ammo racks for the rear two gun turrets are particularly vulnerable, with just 88.9mm of armour protecting them from the side, enough for some light cruisers to punch through at medium range.

Tl;dr: avoid the Pensacola's guns (as they will damage and sink you) and get on her flank.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Immensely powerful main battery, with good shell velocity, fantastic armor penetration, and huge damage. Having a large amount of guns on broadside makes this even more deadly
* Good matchmaking thanks to the 5.3 BR, where you can easily outgun lots of other 5.3 cruisers
* Adequate secondary/AA battery of 5 inch guns, which can give destroyers and large aircraft some trouble

'''Cons:'''

* Awful fire rate of 3 rounds/per minute, worse than many heavy cruisers and every light cruiser in the game
* No torpedoes gives you limited close quarters options
* Poor AA, especially against smaller aircraft at close range
* Players will target you assuming you are one of the most dangerous ships in the US fleet

== History ==

[[File:USS Pensacola underway.jpg|thumb|450x450px|USS Pensacola underway in September of 1935.]]
USS Pensacola was the lead ship of the Pensacola class of heavy cruisers, built for the US navy in the interwar period. Built up to the limitations of the Washington naval treaty, she was the first class of "treaty cruiser" and also the first American cruiser to feature an 8-inch main armament. Pensacola saw extensive service during the Second World War, and was almost sunk by Japanese torpedoes during the Battle of Tassafaronga. After the war, she was used as a target during Operation Crossroads, and was later sunk as a target ship.

=== Design and Development ===
After the end of the First World War, the only major cruiser class of the United States Navy were the Omaha class - these ships ended up a disappointment due to their awkwardly-placed main battery and light armour. As a result, the United States Navy set out to produce the first new class of "light cruisers" - the Pensacola class. Due to the Washington Naval Treaty (signed in 1920), the ships could only be built up to 10000 tons standard. The first of these ships, Pensacola, was laid down in October of 1926 and completed by April of 1930. She was subsequently redesignated as a heavy cruiser (due to her high-caliber main armament) and became the first heavy cruiser class of the United States Navy.

Pensacola displaced 9100 tons standard and was 178 metres long. Her main armament consisted of 10 8-inch (203 mm) guns in a unique configuration - two twin turrets and two triple turrets, one of each being located fore and aft. She carried a secondary armament of eight single 5-inch (127 mm) guns on beam positions. Her initial anti-aircraft armament was sparse, but was improved over time. Pensacola was the first American cruiser to lack torpedo tubes - the American design of "gun cruiser" would be continued with all following cruiser classes except the Atlanta class.

=== Operational history ===
Following her commissioning, the Pensacola joined the US Atlantic Fleet where she operated for the next four years. In 1935, she transited the Panama canal to join the Pacific Fleet at San Diego, where she would be based for the rest of her interwar career. She frequently participated in fleet exercises that took her everywhere from Alaska to Midway atoll. She was also one of six ships to receive the CXAM radar system in 1940, the first operational ship-based radar of the United States Navy.

Pensacola departed Pearl Harbour shortly before the raid and headed to the port of Brisbane in Australia after the attack. She then rendezvoused with Task Force (TF) 11, centered around the carrier Lexington. In April of 1942, she returned to Pearl Harbour and was reassigned to the Enterprise escort group. She was still serving in this capacity during the Battle of Midway, where planes from the Enterprise and Yorktown crippled the Japanese carriers Kaga, Akagi, Soryu and Hiryu, the core of the Imperial Japanese Navy. During the course of the battle, she was detached to the Yorktown's escort group, and provided anti-aircraft cover when the carrier was struck by Japanese torpedoes. She managed to shoot down six enemy torpedo bombers, but in vain, as the Yorktown was hit by two more torpedoes and had to be abandoned.

After the Midway battle, Pensacola returned to Pearl Harbour, and was reassigned to the carrier Hornet's escort squadron. She was still serving in this capacity during the Battle of the Coral Sea, and was providing AA fire when the Hornet was hit by multiple enemy bombs and sunk. She was reassigned to USS Enterprise, and provided cover as the carrier launched aircraft during the Battle of Guadalcanal.

==== Battle of Tassafaronga ====
[[File:Pensacola battle damage.jpg|thumb|450x450px|USS Pensacola alongside the repair ship USS Vestal after she was damaged by Japanese torpedoes at the Battle of Tassafaronga.]]
After the battle of Guadalcanal, Pensacola was reassigned to TF 67 (with four other heavy cruisers and several destroyers) to attack Japanese forces in the Guadalcanal area. On the night of the 30th of November, they encountered a Japanese transport squadron and promptly engaged them: this battle would be known as the Battle of Tassafaronga. During the battle, Pensacola, along with the other ships, spotted a Japanese troop convoy heading for the Solomons, escorted by eight destroyers. And thus began a short engagement limited by poor night-time visibility where the Japanese destroyer Takamani was sunk by gunfire. However, the rest of the Japanese destroyers were not fired upon, and launched a large number of Type 93 'Long Lance' heavy oxygen torpedoes.

At 23:27, the cruiser USS Minneapolis was hit by two torpedoes in her engine rooms causing her to take heavy damage. New Orleans, the second cruiser in line, took evasive action but was hit by a Type 93 that detonated her forward ammunition magazines and destroyed her bow. As Pensacola turned to avoid the two heavily-damaged cruisers, she was hit by a torpedo underneath her mainmast that caused severe damage - her engine room flooded and her oil tanks were set on fire. The fires then spread aft and eventually caused her rear ammunition magazines to detonate, causing further damage. Pensacola limped back to port, still on fire, with 125 men dead and 68 more injured.

==== Later service ====
Pensacola was given emergency repairs by the repair ship Vestal before proceeding back to Pearl Harbour for permanent repairs. She was fully operational again by November of 1943, and spent the last two years of war serving in various capacities. She participated in the battle of Leyte Gulf, and later served in the invasion of Okinawa as a fire support ship. At the end of the war, Pensacola was anchored at Adak Station in Alaska.

Following the cessation of hostilities, Pensacola returned to the Eastern theatre, arriving at Ominato Harbour in Northern Honshu. She then embarked on a long journey back home, repatriating two hundred American veterans to Pearl Harbour, and eight hundred more back to the harbour of San Diego. From there, she embarked on her final trip to Bikini Atoll in the southern Pacific, where she was to be expended as a target ship during the American nuclear bomb tests. She survived both drops, and was studied by the USN to determine the effects of the radiation. She was then finally sunk as a target ship in 1948. Throughout the course of the war, Pensacola received 13 battle stars for her service.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6443-development-rank-v-in-the-war-thunder-navy-the-uss-pensacola-en|[Devblog] Rank V in the War Thunder Navy: The USS Pensacola]]

=== References ===

* Chen, P. C. (2004). Heavy Cruiser Pensacola. Retrieved January 12, 2021, from <nowiki>https://ww2db.com/ship_spec.php?ship_id=303</nowiki>
* Rickard, J. (2014, January 31). USS Pensacola (CA-24). Retrieved January 12, 2021, from <nowiki>http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/weapons_USS_Pensacola_CA24.html</nowiki>
* Schulman, M. (1996). USS Pensacola CA-24Hi. Retrieved January 12, 2021, from <nowiki>https://www.historycentral.com/navy/cruiser/Pensacola.html</nowiki>

{{ShipManufacturer Brooklyn Navy Yard}}
{{USA heavy cruisers}}

5.25 inch/50 QF Mark I (133 mm)

2021-02-24T14:01:26Z

U16087030: /* General info */

== Description ==
The 5.25-inch/50 QF Mark I is a naval cannon used by Royal Navy vessels. Lying somewhere between destroyer and light cruiser calibre, this cannon is (so far) only equipped in game to the [[HMS Dido]], the British rank III light cruiser. During its real-life service, it was also used as a DP (dual purpose) gun, equipped to the ''King George V-''class battleships, as well as ''HMS Vanguard'', the Royal Navy's last battleship.

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===


* {{Specs-Link|uk_cruiser_dido}}

== General info ==
The 5.25-inch guns are 133mm in diameter, placing them close to both the 5-inch (127mm) guns used by the American, Japanese, and German destroyers, as well as the 130mm guns used by the Russian destroyers. As a result, these guns are some of the deadliest guns in the game against destroyers, thanks to their hefty size and rapid RoF. However, these are still small guns for a light cruiser, lacking in firepower to the many 6-inch (152mm) guns found on other light cruisers. While the rate-of-fire of these guns is also impressive (especially with a good crew), it isn't enough to truly outgun any light cruisers firing back. As a result, these guns are best used as anti-destroyer guns, using their good damage and adequate RoF to punish enemy destroyers.

=== Available shells ===
Like many of the British destroyer guns, the 5.25-inch cannons lack any true armor-piercing shells. Instead, players get the option of three shell types:

* '''HE''' - these shells are the stock shells for the 5.25-inch gun. While they can deal huge damage to destroyers and coastal craft, they lack the penetration or the sheer damage to damage any armoured cruisers. However, there are still some light cruisers that can take big damage from these shells, such as the British [[HMS Enterprise]], the Japanese [[IJN Kuma]], and the American [[USS Raleigh (CL-7)|USS Raleigh]] and [[USS Trenton (CL-11)|USS Trenton]]. These shells can also do substantial damage to auxilary and AA guns, smoke stacks, and lightly armoured gun turrets.
* '''SAPBC''' - these semi-armor piercing shells are the best shells for use against larger light and heavy cruisers, with enough close-range penetration to cut through belt armor on larger ships. At range, these can also be devastating to light cruisers and destroyers, with the ability to cut through hull armor and hit ammo racks and elevators, as well as ship engines and rudders.
* '''HE-TF''' - the time-fuzed shells, like others of the type, are the most effective against AA, and can also be used to dig into destroyers and damage more internal components if at close range.

=== Comparison with analogues ===

* [[130 mm/50 pattern 1913 (130 mm)|130 mm/50 pattern 1913]] - this Russian cruiser gun is a similar calibre to the 5.25-inch. While it lacks the British gun's calibre, it makes up for it with better armor penetration and a better shell velocity.
* [[130 mm/58 SM-2-1 (130 mm)|130 mm/58 SM-2-1]] - another Russian 130mm gun, this outclasses the 5.25-inch gun entirely, with superior RoF, penetration, shell velocity and ammunition.
* [[5 inch/38 Mk. 12]] - this American 127mm gun, found on the USS Atlanta, lacks the raw firepower of the British gun, and has a lower shell velocity, but it's insane RoF (22 rounds/per min in first stage) means it can easily beat the British gun in a duel.

== Usage in battles ==
The 5.25-inch gun, like the guns on the USS Atlanta, sit contrary to the role of its only user, the HMS Dido. While the guns possess good damage and RoF for their calibre, they still shoot slower than destroyer guns, and hit softer than cruiser guns, leaving them in an awkward position. Still, these guns can fill any role effectively.

Against other ships, these guns can still be effective. Destroyers should be terrified of these guns, thanks to their good shell velocity and RoF, and their fantastic damage and accuracy. The Dido can easily pick apart destroyers, and these guns can effectively outgun many destroyer guns at range. However, these guns lack that same effectiveness against cruisers. The SAPBC shells can damage cruisers, but they lack explosive damage, and the HE shells will utterly fail against any but the lightest of cruisers.

These guns can also be effective DP guns thanks to the HE-TF shells and good gun handling. With larger aircraft, feel free to switch to the timed shells and let rip with your good accuracy and RoF.

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarize and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''

'''Pros:'''

* Easily capable of killing destroyers thanks to the calibre
* Adequate reload that beats many cruisers at the same tier
* Very accurate and has good shell velocity

*

'''Cons:'''

* Lacks the damage to threaten larger ships
* No AP shells makes them weak against heavy cruisers
* RoF is slow compared to similar-sized guns

*

== History ==
The QF 5.25-inch naval guns were the Royal Navy's heaviest dual-purpose cannons in use during the Second World War. Fitted primarily to the ''King George V''-class battleships, these guns proved to be effective against both other shipping and aircraft. The Royal Navy also fitted these guns to its ''Dido''-class of light cruisers, which used them to some success while serving as convoy escorts. The guns also had the distinction of being fitted to the Royal Navy's last ever battleship, ''HMS Vanguard''.

The 5.25-inch guns were some of the Royal Navy's first large-scale guns to be designed from the outset as dual-purpose guns (to be used against both ships and aircraft, depending on the situation). The guns were particularly noted for their ballistic performance, being able to fire more accurately and farther than its closest rivals in the French and Italian navies. This made them effective also for land bombardment, and some guns were later acquired by the British Army for coastal defence, in part due to their potent long-range firepower.

The guns were some of the last of these types to be constructed by the Royal Navy. Post-war, much of naval armament went in the way of smaller, faster cannons, as well as a larger emphasis on rockets, and later missiles.

== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Britain naval cannons}}

[[Category:Naval cannons]]

5.25 inch/50 QF Mark I (133 mm)

2021-02-24T13:20:08Z

U16087030: /* Description */

HMS Dido

2021-02-24T13:17:14Z

U16087030: /* Description */

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_cruiser_dido
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British light cruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]].

One of the first British cruisers (alongside the other rank III [[HMS Enterprise]]), HMS Dido is something of an in-betweener. Similar to the American [[USS Atlanta (CL-51)|USS Atlanta]], the Dido is classed as a light cruiser, yet possesses armament close to some destroyers, with an array of ten 5.25-inch cannons. While this heavily outguns the destroyers it could face, it makes the Dido a difficult ship to master against other cruisers with better armour and bigger guns.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

As with all British cruisers, the armour is intelligently dispersed between ammunition storage, boiler rooms, and other essential components. The ammunition storage on the Dido is well below the waterline and is protected by 76 mm of RHA. The only noticeable weaknesses are the unprotected bridge and meagre turret armour.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|5.25 inch/50 QF Mark I (133 mm)}}

The accuracy of the 5.25-inch guns is extremely poor. Against aerial targets, the AA AI armed with HE-VT can bring down a target through sheer volume of fire. Against other light cruisers and even destroyers at normal engagement ranges, the Dido suffers.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
{{main|2pdr QF Mk.VIII (40 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)}}

The anti-aircraft armament of the Dido is excellent. The dual-purpose primary armaments, 8 x 40 mm guns, and 5 Oerlikons mean that a Dido player can counter planes at all ranges.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Mk.IX (533 mm)}}

6 torpedoes, 3 per side. The firing arcs are wide, allowing for ease of fire.

== Usage in battles ==

The Dido boasts good armour and protected ammunition in exchange for aimed fire worse than many 4.3 destroyers. Whether or not this extreme tradeoff is worth it will come down to the individual player. It is not advised to engage other CLs with the Dido. Against DDs, the Dido can take considerably more damage and will usually win.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good survivability
* Good anti-aircraft potential
* Primary armament dispersed across 6 turrets

'''Cons:'''

* Slow turret rotation

== History ==
[[File:HMS Dido (37).jpg|thumb|450x450px|HMS Dido at anchor in the Firth of Forth.]]
HMS Dido (37) was a British AA cruiser and the lead ship of her class, a series of 16 ships built in the late 1930s to the early 1940s. Designed for fleet air defence, the ships were armed with a 5.25-inch (133 mm) main battery capable of engaging both ships and naval vessels. Dido was commissioned in 1940 and deployed to the Mediteranean, serving there for the large part of the Second World War. She later deployed to the Arctic, and in 1945 accepted the surrender of the Kriegsmarine. Dido was present at the Coronation review of 1953 as the flagship of the Reserve fleet, and was scrapped in 1957.

=== Design and development ===
Following the four ships of the Arethusa class, the British navy decided to construct a new class of light cruiser for anti-aircraft duties - the Dido class. Displacing 6850 tons on full load, the ships were small even for a light cruiser. Their armour was also scarce, the main belt being just 3 inches (76 mm) thick. The Dido’s main armament comprised 10 5.25-inch (133 mm) guns in five dual-purpose turrets, which served as the primary anti-ship and anti-aircraft armament. Her anti-aircraft armament was initially weak (quite surprising given her role), composed of three quad pom-poms and five single Oerlikon cannons; this was improved over the course of the Second World War. Dido was initially laid down in 1937, and was commissioned by 1940.

=== Operational history ===
Immediately after her commissioning, the Dido was sent to Scapa Flow, and spent the next couple months in training. However, she was soon dispatched to the British fleet in the Mediterranean, and soon began operating as part of the British East Mediterranean fleet. She ran supplies to Malta, and later helped move 7 million dollars of Gold away from the conflict-torn lands of Greece. She participated in several runs to the besieged island of Crete and was later damaged by bombs while escorting a troop convoy to Alexandria. She was later bombed again, but quickly repaired as she made up a significant portion of the ship-starved British East Mediterranean fleet.

Dido spent the greater part of 1942 and 1943 in the Mediterranean, though she travelled back to the UK on several occasions for various reasons. In 1944, she was recalled to the UK and began convoy operations in the Arctic, and thereafter stayed in the northern Atlantic to lay mines and provide fire support. In May of 1945, she fired the last naval shot in Europe as she accepted the surrender of the Kriegsmarine; she then escorted the cruisers Prinz Eugen and Nurnberg to internment at Wilhelmshaven. Following the cessation of hostilities, Dido was reduced to reserve; she took part in the 1953 Coronation review of Queen Elizabeth II as the flagship of the reserve fleet. She was eventually sold for scrap in 1957.

=== [[wt:en/news/5948-development-hms-dido-the-peacemaker-en|Devblog]] ===
The Dido-class light cruiser was designed in the 1930s as convoy escorts and destroyer leaders, intended for operations in the Mediterranean. As such, ships of the Dido-class had to be both large enough to operate in rough waters as well as fast and manoeuvrable enough in order to keep up with destroyers, whilst at the same time remaining relatively cheap to produce in large numbers.

HMS Dido, the lead ship of her class, was laid down in October 1937. In July 1939, Dido was completed and commissioned into service a year later. HMS Dido's early service life was marked with convoy escort duties in the Atlantic, before joining the Eastern Mediterranean Fleet in April 1941.

As part of the Royal Navy's Mediterranean forces, HMS Dido took part in numerous major operations, including the landings at Sicily and mainland Italy as well as southern France. During her service in the Mediterranean, HMS Dido performed various roles, from doing supply runs over evacuating troops to bombarding shorelines.

By 1944, HMS Dido briefly returned to Great Britain, before being sent off on escort duties as part of the Arctic convoys. In 1945, HMS Dido was sent to Copenhagen, where the warship fired the last naval shot as part of the war in Europe, however not in anger, but in celebration of the surrender of the German Kriegsmarine.

Sometime after the end of WW2, HMS Dido joined the ranks of the Royal Navy reserve fleet, remaining in service for another good decade. In 1957 however, HMS Dido was decommissioned from service and sold for scrap.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5948-development-hms-dido-the-peacemaker-en|[Devblog] HMS Dido: The Peacemaker]]

=== References ===

*Mason, G. B., & Smith, G. (2004). HMS Dido, British AA Cruiser. Retrieved January 07, 2021, from <nowiki>https://www.naval-history.net/xGM-Chrono-06CL-Dido.htm</nowiki>
* Helgason, G. (1995). Uboat.net. Retrieved January 07, 2021, from <nowiki>https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/4010.html</nowiki>

{{Britain light cruisers}}

HMAS Nepal

2021-02-05T14:37:47Z

U16087030: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_destroyer_n_class
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.83 "Masters of the Sea"]] as part of the British fleet closed beta test.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}
''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}
{{main|4.7 inch/45 Mk.XII (120 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
{{main|4 in QF Mark V (102 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}
{{main|2pdr QF Mk.IIc (40 mm)|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}
{{main|Mk.IX (533 mm)|Y-gun Mk.VII depth charge}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==
The N-class is similar to the other rank II 4.3 destroyer, the Tribal, sharing an identical main armament and near-identical auxilary batteries. While the N-class lacks the Tribal's powerful secondary battery and larger crew size, it makes up for it with a better top speed, more torpedoes, and a more effective AA battery. This makes the N-class something of a jack-of-all-trades, while also still giving it the powerful long-range firepower found on the Tribal.

The N-class' guns are the star of the show. While the 4.7-inch cannons lack the deadly RoF of the American 5-inch guns, they still pack a hefty punch, and are some of the most accurate destroyer guns in the game, only beaten in accuracy by the 100mm guns of the Akizuki. Having 4 of the guns pointing forwards also allows the N-class to concentrate a constant, heavy barrage of fire directly forwards, allowing it to leave a smaller profile for enemy guns to hit. Make use of the N-class effectiveness at long-ranges and bully other destroyers from afar.

When opponents do get closer, the N-class is still a nasty ship to fight. While the main turrets have a slow traverse, the guns at close ranges are scarily accurate and will hit hard when they do impact. In addition, the N-class has 5 torpedoes, which have an average speed, but do immense damage on impact. One torpedo hit can be enough to sink some destroyers, and will do big damage to the light cruisers the N-class can fight in an uptier. Aircraft will also struggle immensely against the N-class, thanks to its powerful AA battery. The 20mm guns can cause a spray of fire for fighter-bombers to avoid, while the quad-barreled 40mm cannon will make short work of larger aircraft that stray too close. The N-class is also a very fast destroyer once fully upgraded, allowing it to get in and out of position with ease, as well as dictate the flow of the battle effectively.

The main opponents to the N-class are destroyers with fast-firing guns (like the American destroyers and the Germans with the 12.7cm guns), who can out-gun you effectively at close range. In addition, destroyers with fast torpedoes can make short work of the N-class, which lacks effective counter-torpedo capabilities and is a very easy ship to sink, thanks in part to its vulnerable ammo stowage. Lastly, the N-class should avoid cruisers at all costs. Cruisers can out-gun the N-class at any range, and some can even out-torp it as well.

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* Accurate and powerful guns gives the N-class effective and deadly long-range salvos
* Good top speed and mobility allows for fast responses to situations across the map
* Effective AA armament can make short work of attack aircraft
* Torpedoes have good distance and a hefty explosive mass, allowing for huge damage on impact

*

'''Cons:'''

* Poor turret traverse can cause issues in close quarter combat
* Torpedoes are slow compared to contemporaries, especially with the torpedo mode upgrade
* Weak auxiliary armament for defending against torpedo boats, especially when also being attacked by aircraft

*

== History ==
[[File:HMAS Nepal AWM-301077.jpg|thumb|HMAS Nepal (ex-Norseman), date unknown.]]
The N Class, HMAS Nepal was a N-class destroyer built for the Royal Australian Navy. Initially launched as HMS Norseman, the ship was severely damaged by air raids during construction and renamed HMAS Nepal, destined to serve with the Australian Navy. HMAS Nepal served extensively during the Second World War, primarily in the Indian and Pacific theatres of war. Following the cessation of hostilities, she was returned to the British, who eventually scrapped her by 1956.

=== Design and construction ===
The N class of destroyers were the final class in the trio of classes known as the J, K, and N classes. They were the heaviest-armed out of the three classes and carried a substantial main armament. As with the previous J and K classes, the N class had a reduced torpedo armament in favour of carrying additional anti-aircraft guns. The HMAS Nepal was initially ordered and built as HMS Norseman, but in December of 1941, an air raid caused serious damage to the unfinished ship. As a result, the decision was made to complete her as HMAS Nepal, in honour of the Nepalese contribution to the war effort.

HMAS Nepal displaced 1760 tons standard and had a crew of 226 officers and men. The ship’s main armament consisted of six 4.7 inch (119 mm) QF Mk XII dual-purpose main guns in three dual turrets, two fore and one aft. The ship’s anti-aircraft armament consisted of a single 4 inch QF Mk V gun, a four-barreled 40 mm Pom Pom gun, and numerous smaller anti-aircraft guns. Powered by steam turbines producing 40 000 shaft horsepower, the ship was able to reach a max speed of 36 knots (67 km/h).

=== Operational history ===
After her commissioning as HMAS Nepal, the ship was loaned to the Australian navy, while the United Kingdom retained ownership of the ship itself. She was immediately assigned to the Home Fleet, and was used in the filming of the war film In Which We Serve. In July of 1942, the ship was transferred to the British Eastern Fleet, which it would serve with for most of the duration of the Second World War. The ship participated in the later parts of the Madagascar campaign, and participated in convoy escort / patrol duties in the Eastern theatre. In March of 1943, she sailed to Australia for a refit.

Following the completion of the refit, Nepal returned to the Eastern theatre and provided cover during Operation Cockpit and Operation Transom. During this time, she frequently escorted aircraft carriers, and also provided fire support to units on land. In March of 1945, she was transferred to the British Pacific Fleet, and remained there until the end of the war without seeing much action. She was thereafter returned to the British, who reduced her into reserve. She was subsequently used as a training and trials ship, before being scrapped by 1956. HMAS Nepal earned four battle stars for her WWII service.

=== [[wt:en/news/5814-fleet-development-hmas-nepal-g25-air-raid-survivor-en|Devblog]] ===
HMAS Nepal was laid down in Great Britain in September of 1939, initially under the name of "Norseman". As one of the last ships of the N-class destroyer type, she was launched in December 1941, but was soon severely damaged while still in the shipyard during a German air raid.

Despite the severe damage, the ship was repaired and renamed to Nepal, in recognition of Nepal's contribution to the British war effort. After the repairs were completed, the ship was formally commissioned into service with the Royal Australian Navy in May 1942, although still remaining the property of the Royal Navy.

In July 1942, HMAS Nepal was assigned to the British Eastern Fleet and shortly afterwards set out for Kenya. In September, HMAS Nepal was involved in the Madagascar campaign. Before heading to Australia for refits in spring 1943, the ship served as a convoy escort and performed anti-submarine patrols.

After her two-month long refit, HMAS Nepal resumed operations in June 1943, taking part in some major operations in 1944 as a carrier escort. The ship underwent another refit in August 1944, before embarking on some of her final operations.

HMAS Nepal remained active in the Pacific theatre until the end of WW2, until being decommissioned from RNA service in October 1945. The ship was commissioned once more into the Royal Navy shortly after, being ordered to return to Britain.

In the postwar years, HMS Nepal underwent repairs and modifications, briefly serving as a minesweeper and training ship. In the early 1950s, HMS Nepal was part of the reserve and awaiting some proposed upgrades. However, those upgrades were eventually cancelled and the decision was made to scrap the ship. January 1956 marked the end of HMS Nepal's 14-year service life as she was sold off for scraps to the British Iron & Steel Corporation.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5814-fleet-development-hmas-nepal-g25-air-raid-survivor-en|[Devblog] HMAS Nepal (G25): Air Raid Survivor]]

=== References ===

* Naval History Society of Australia. (2017, March 29). HMAS Nepal Archives. Retrieved January 19, 2021, from <nowiki>https://www.navyhistory.org.au/ranships/hmas-nepal/</nowiki>
{{Britain destroyers}}

HMS Eskimo

2021-02-05T14:23:43Z

U16087030: /* Usage in battles */

{{About
| about = British Destroyer '''''HMS'' Eskimo'''
|usage = other ships of her class
|link = Tribal (Family)
}}{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_destroyer_tribal
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.83 "Masters of the Sea"]] as part of the British fleet closed beta test.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}
''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}
''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}
{{main|4.7 inch/45 Mk.XII (120 mm)}}

''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.''

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}
{{main|4 inch/45 Mark XVI (102 mm)}}

''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.''

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}
{{main|2pdr QF Mk.IIc (40 mm)|20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)|Vickers Mk.V (12.7 mm)}}

''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.''

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}
{{main|Mk.IX (533 mm)|Y-gun Mk.VII depth charge}}

''Describe the available additional armaments of the ship: depth charges, mines, torpedoes. Talk about their positions, available ammunition and launch features such as dead zones of torpedoes. If there is no additional armament, remove this section.''

== Usage in battles ==
While the Tribal can fill numerous roles (and works well as a general all-rounder destroyer), it excels best as a gunnery ship. Thanks to the hefty calibre of its shells, as well as the accuracy of the guns, the Tribal can give other destroyers a good beating, even from distance. In addition, the concentration of 2/3rds of your guns at the front of the ship means you can still pump out a good amount of damage while keeping a small profile. Still, if you know you won't get shot at, don't be afraid to swing the rear turret around and let rip. While the RoF of the guns is nothing special compared to some of the 4.7+ destroyers, it's more than enough for 4.3

The Tribal does also boast a hefty secondary armament for a destroyer. The 4-inch dual-mounted gun located towards the aft of the ship can also damage enemy destroyers, and can be a nasty surprise for coastal ships trying to get the jump on you. In addition, the Tribal is littered with AA guns, that can make short work of both aircraft big and small, and torpedo boats. Combined with the Tribal's fast speed, this can make the Tribal an excellent support/escort ship if brought into higher tier games, where the ship's 4.7-inch guns will begin to struggle against cruisers.

The main downside to the Tribal is its vulnerability. Not only is it far from the smallest destroyer, making it a big target, but it's also built out of ammo racks. The ready-use ammo located on the deck, as well as the thousands of shells under the turrets, can cause very unwelcome detonations from well-aimed enemy fire. The Tribal also suffers at close quarters, due to the mediocre traverse speed of the main turrets, and its lackluster torpedoes, which are few in number and lack the speed of contemporary torpedoes (though they do pack a big punch if they hit). Keep the Tribal away from close quarters fighting however, and you'll out-gun your opponents at long range comfortably.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Has a lot of secondary and tertiary weapons which can create a dense wall of bullets against enemy planes and small boats
* Primary guns have great precision even at long ranges (~10 km)
* Time-fused shells for both primary and secondary guns makes it easier to destroy aircraft and light vessels

'''Cons:'''

* Ammo racks are easily detonated by armour-piercing shells

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/4666-development-tribal-class-destroyer-en|[Devblog] Tribal-class destroyer]]

{{Britain destroyers}}

XA-38

2021-02-02T22:23:22Z

U16087030: /* Usage in battles */ Added extra info

{{Specs-Card
|code=xa_38
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_xa_38.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} American attacker {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.71 "New E.R.A."]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,573 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
|595||574|| rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} ||29.2||30.1||8.7||8.7|| rowspan="2" | 700
|-
! Upgraded
| 638 || 616 || 26.9 || 28.0 || 14.6 || 11.4
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 340 || 340 || 280 || ~7 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 360 || < 270 || < 400 || > 390
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 1,676 m || 2,100 hp || 2,268 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 4,206 m || 1,880 hp || 2,030 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 9.5 mm steel - in front of the cockpit
* 7 mm steel - sides of the cockpit
* 7 mm steel - below the cockpit
* 12.7 mm steel - pilot's seat
* 38 mm bulletproof glass - in front of the pilot (inside the cockpit)
* 7 mm steel - below the rear gunner
* 9.5 mm steel - aft of rear gunner
* 38 mm bulletproof glass - aft of rear gunner (inside aircraft)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M10 (75 mm)|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 75 mm M10 cannon, nose-mounted (20 rpg)
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, chin-mounted (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AN-M30A1 (100 lb)|AN-M57 (250 lb)|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x 100 lb AN-M30A1 bombs (400 lb total)
* 4 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (1,000 lb total)
* 4 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, dorsal turret (500 rpg = 1,000 total)
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, ventral turret (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==


When flying the XA-38 Grizzly, do note it can be used as either an interceptor (bomber hunter) or a ground attack/close air support aircraft. It's best to fire your machine guns or your 75 mm cannon separately as they both aim differently.

'''Bomber Hunter:'''

When using the XA-38 Grizzly, it can be used as a bomber hunter. The ammo of choice when dealing with enemy bombers is HEI-T 1 single hit from this shell will destroy any bomber (or plane).

'''Ground Attack/Close Air Support'''

The XA-38 Grizzly is a great plane for ground pounding. The 75 mm cannon AP-T can reliably destroy pillboxes, medium tanks and light tanks, while the HEI-T can destroy any thinly armoured vehicles. The option to carry 4x500lb bombs also gives some extra opportunities for killing targets, although these are wing-mounted bombs, which are not only inaccurate, but also hamper your speed somewhat. In Air RB, these bombs often work best to eliminate AA and armoured cars at the back of tank convoys, clearing any potential anti-aircraft fire before engaging the tanks.

The Grizzly is a fast aircraft, and this should be used to your advantage. Dive in fast and escape fast and you can effectively dodge AA fire, as well as outrun some enemy fighters at low speed, especially when top tier. Also, the .50 cal gun turrets can be used to strafe ground targets after your first pass, although it's recommended to load the armored target or universal belts to ensure maximum damage. These guns are quite accurate, have a good rate of fire, and can eliminate light tanks and light pillboxes.

The drawbacks to the Grizzly come with its main armament. The 75mm gun, while immensely powerful, has a very slow RoF, meaning you're only likely to get two shots maximum at a target before you pass over it. Also, while it can kill light pillboxes, it might take multiple hits, which can be a waste of ammo since the gun only has 20 shells total. Don't be afraid to use your machine guns in addition to the cannon when targeting pillboxes. These MGs, while effective, are also lacking. There are only two of them, and they carry mid-war belts, meaning they don't pack as much punch as a lot of the 12.7mm MGs on a lot of American fighter-bombers at this same tier. Thankfully, they are nose-mounted, meaning they're very accurate even at long ranges.

Finally, the Grizzly can be an easy target for low-altitude interception, even when top tier. The fuselage is a large target compared to single-engined planes, and only having one, very exposed gunner means you can lose your defensive armament immediately when attacked from above. Use your good speed and decent turn time to avoid shots and spray interceptors with the .50 cal guns to ward them off. Also, avoid head-ons. While the 75mm might be tempting as a one-shot-machine, it's poor RoF and long-range accuracy makes it useless in head-on engagements against the many cannon-armed fighters you face at this tier. Your MGs also won't be much help, since there are only two of them. Keep fighters behind or away from you and use your gunners' excellent firing arcs and ammo counts to ward off opponents.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* ''Offensive armament'':
** Incredible destructive capabilities of the 75 mm HEI-T shells, will decimate any aerial targets upon contact
** Fantastic anti-armour capabilities with the AP-T shells. The AP-T shells carry characteristics of APHE shells, minimizing the number of hits on a selected target to destroy them
** 75 mm M10 cannon has great accuracy at close ranges
** Can use the two forward-firing .50 calibre machine guns vs. fighter aircraft and light targets
** Cannon can penetrate destroyers and the lightly armoured sections of cruisers
* ''Survivability'':
** Protected from every angle of attack by two .50 calibre machine gun turrets
** Reasonably fast for an attack aircraft
** Reasonably manoeuvrable
** Can tank quite a bit of damage
* ''Utility'':
** Can work as a heavy fighter in a pinch
** Is, in essence, a more manoeuvrable and faster [[PBJ-1H]]

'''Cons:'''

* ''Offensive armament'':
** 75 mm M10 cannon has a low muzzle velocity
** 75 mm M10 cannon lacks accuracy for long-range shooting
** Massive shell drop-off
** Limited cannon ammunition (20 rounds)
** Only two .50 calibre machine guns
* ''Survivability'':
** Will red-line and compress at ~690-700 kph (~429-435 mph)
** A single crew member operates the two defensive turrets (will lose all defensive capabilities if the turret operator is knocked out)
** Will lose a lot of speed in turns
* ''Offensive abilities'':
** Terrible manoeuvrability at low speeds
** Bad climb rate
** Cannot turn without bleeding too much speed

== History ==


In December of 1942, the USAAF gave Beech Aircraft Corporation a contract to construct 2 prototypes of their Model 28 Destroyer. The Model 28 started off as a bomber design, but was changed to a ground attack aircraft, in order to replace the [[A-20G-25|A-20 Havoc]] in service. The design included a 75 mm cannon in order to ensure the plane could destroy armored bunkers and tanks. 20 rounds were carried for the 75 mm cannon. There were also two .50 in Browning machine guns in the nose. There was a ventral and dorsal turret for self defense, with two .50 in Browning machine guns in each. The aircraft carried a crew of two, the pilot and the gunner. The gunner controlled both defensive turrets by remote control, using periscopes to aim. The Model 28, redesignated as the [[XA-38|XA-38 Grizzly]], started testing in 1944. It was proven to be reliable, and flew well in all regards for an attack aircraft. In addition, the armament was especially powerful and potent. However, the aircraft was never ordered, and never entered service.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/378366-xa-38/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Beechcraft}}
{{USA attackers}}
{{USA premium aircraft}}

Hispano Mk.II (20 mm)

2021-01-24T20:25:03Z

U16087030: /* Usage in battles */ Adding content to this section of the article

== Description ==
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===


{{Navigation-Start|Vehicles equipped with this weapon}}

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Fighters'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|Boomerang}}{{Specs-Link|boomerang_mki}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|boomerang_mkii}}
{{Navigation-Line|Firefly}}{{Specs-Link|firefly_mk1}}
{{Navigation-Line|Hurricane}}{{Specs-Link|hurricane_mk1c}}
{{Navigation-Line|MB.5}}{{Specs-Link|mb_5}}
{{Navigation-Line|P-51}}{{Specs-Link|p-51_mk1a_usaaf}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|p-51b}}
{{Navigation-Line|Spitfire Mk V}}{{Specs-Link|spitfire_mk5b_notrop}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|spitfire_mk5b}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|spitfire_mk5b_italy}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|spitfire_mk5c_notrop}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|spitfire_mk5c}}
{{Navigation-Line|Spitfire Mk IX}}{{Specs-Link|spitfire_ix_early}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|spitfire_ix}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|spitfire_mk9c_4cannons}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|spitfire_ix_plagis}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|spitfire_ix_usa}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|spitfire_ix_ussr}}
{{Navigation-Line|Spitfire (Griffon)}}{{Specs-Link|spitfire_mk14c}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|spitfire_mk14e}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|spitfire_fr_mk14e}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|spitfire_xvi}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|spitfire_mk18e}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|spitfire_f22}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|spitfire_f24}}
{{Navigation-Line|Typhoon}}{{Specs-Link|typhoon_mk1b}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|typhoon_mk1b_late}}

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Twin-engine fighters'''}}{{Specs-Link|beaufighter_mkx}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|beaufighter_mk21}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|mosquito_fb_mk6}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|mosquito_fb_mk26_china}}

{{Navigation-End}}

== General info ==
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''

=== Available ammunition ===


* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|P|Practice}}{{-}}{{Annotation|T|Tracer}}
* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-SAPI|High-explosive fragmentation (semi-armour-piercing incendiary)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|T|Tracer}}
* '''Ground targets:''' {{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|T|Tracer}}
* '''Air targets:''' {{Annotation|T|Tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-SAPI|High-explosive fragmentation (semi-armour-piercing incendiary)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-SAPI|High-explosive fragmentation (semi-armour-piercing incendiary)}}
* '''Tracers:''' {{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|T|Tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}
* '''Stealth:''' {{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-SAPI|High-explosive fragmentation (semi-armour-piercing incendiary)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}

=== Comparison with analogues ===
''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.''

== Usage in battles ==
The Hispano Mk. II cannons are lethal weapons, and stand out as some of the most powerful WWII-era aircraft guns in the game. The HEF-I and HEF-SAPI shells available on many ammunition belts for these cannons deal a huge amount of damage to aircraft of any size, from fighters up to heavy bombers, and can give British pilots the edge in head-ons, interceptions, and general dogfighting. The stealth belts are especially powerful, suiting sneakier playstyles. Using cloud cover and approaching from blind spots, a Hispano-armed pilot can jump an enemy and obliterate them with a few bursts before the enemy even knows they're coming.

Like their predecessor in the Mk. I, the Mk. II's still have some severe flaws that can be a headache. The stock guns prior to upgrade are not only prone to jamming during lengthy periods of shooting, but are hopelessly inaccurate. The stock belts are also fairly ineffective, as they lack the sheer number of high-damage shells. This makes using these guns a headache while they're stock, and it can be a difficult grind if the plane you're flying is weak at stock to begin with.

While these cannons aren't the best guns in the game for attacking ground targets, they will still do a decent chunk of damage to anything they hit, although it's highly recommended to use the ground targets belt if available, as other belts will struggle with armoured targets. The AP rounds can destroy light pillboxes, and anything weaker should be easy pickings. Just be mindful of the inaccuracy of the guns, and your ammo count. Since these are 20mm guns, few planes using them will stock a large amount of ammo, save for the Beaufighters and the Mosquito.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* HEF-I rounds can shred fighters in less than 3 seconds, in the hands of a skilled pilot
* AP rounds can penetrate light pillboxes

'''Cons:'''

* "Default" belt contains practice shells which deal far less damage than other ammunition belts
* HEFI and HEF-SAPI rounds do more puncturing damage compared to other countries' cannons due to possessing lesser amounts of filler
* "Air targets" ammunition belts are less effective against bombers, instead, utilize Stealth or Ground targets ammunition
* Cannons quickly overheat when repeatedly fired for long periods of time
* Initially cannons are quite inaccurate until they are upgraded

== History ==
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USA aircraft cannons}}
{{USSR aircraft cannons}}
{{Britain aircraft cannons}}
{{China aircraft cannons}}
{{Italy aircraft cannons}}

[[Category:Aircraft cannons]]

IL-2 (1942)

2019-09-03T15:51:36Z

U16087030: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card|code=il-2i}}
{{About
| about = Russian attacker '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = the captured German version
| link-1 = IL-2 (1942) (Germany)
| usage-2 = other uses
| link-2 = IL-2 (Family)
}}

== Description ==

[[File:GarageImage_IL-2_1942.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
{{break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Russian attacker {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

== General info ==
=== Flight Performance ===
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="8" | Characteristics
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Stock''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 2,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
|-
| 406 || 391 || {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.9 || 26.7 || 6.2 || 6.2 || 450
|-
! colspan="8" | ''Upgraded''
|-
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 2,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
! AB
! RB
|-
| 447 || 426 || {{Specs|ceiling}} || 24.1 || 24.9 || 11.1 || 8.6 || 450
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps
! Take-off flaps
! Landing flaps
! Air brakes
! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wing-break speed (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear limit (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Combat flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! +
! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|constructions}} || {{Specs|destruction|chassis}} || 470 || ~15 || ~15
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities
|-
! Ailerons (km/h)
! Rudder (km/h)
! Elevators (km/h)
! Radiator (km/h)
|-
| < 320 || < 320 || < 370 || > 360
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 1,750 m || 1,500 hp || 1,593 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{main|VYa-23 (23 mm)|ShKAS (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 23 mm VYa-23 cannons, wing-mounted (150 rpg = 300 total)
* 2 x 7.62 mm ShKAS machine guns, wing-mounted (750 rpg = 1,500 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{main|:Category:Suspended armaments|l1=Suspended armaments}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 12 x 25 kg AO-25M-1 bombs (300 kg total)
* 4 x 50 kg FAB-50 bombs (200 kg total)
* 4 x 100 kg FAB-100 bombs (400 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg FAB-250M43 bombs (500 kg total)
* 8 x RS-82 rockets
* 8 x RBS-82 rockets
* 12 x 25 kg AO-25M-1 bombs + 8 x RS-82 rockets (300 kg total)
* 12 x 25 kg AO-25M-1 bombs + 8 x RBS-82 rockets (300 kg total)
* 4 x 50 kg FAB-50 bombs + 8 x RS-82 rockets (200 kg total)
* 4 x 50 kg FAB-50 bombs + 8 x RBS-82 rockets (200 kg total)
* 8 x RS-132 rockets
* 8 x RBS-132 rockets
* 4 x 100 kg FAB-100 bombs + 8 x RS-82 rockets (400 kg total)
* 4 x 100 kg FAB-100 bombs + 8 x RBS-82 rockets (400 kg total)
* 12 x 25 kg AO-25M-1 bombs + 4 x RS-132 rockets (300 kg total)
* 12 x 25 kg AO-25M-1 bombs + 4 x RBS-132 rockets (300 kg total)
* 4 x 50 kg FAB-50 bombs + 4 x RS-132 rockets (200 kg total)
* 4 x 50 kg FAB-50 bombs + 4 x RBS-132 rockets (200 kg total)
* 4 x 100 kg FAB-100 bombs + 4 x RS-132 rockets (400 kg total)
* 4 x 100 kg FAB-100 bombs + 4 x RBS-132 rockets (400 kg total)
* 4 x 100 kg FAB-100 bombs + 8 x RS-132 rockets (400 kg total)
* 4 x 100 kg FAB-100 bombs + 8 x RBS-132 rockets (400 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==
The IL-2 is an attacker which excels at low altitude. You'll be flying close to the ground in order to hit your targets with your cannons and machine guns, so watch for obstacles and use the IL-2's phenomenal low speed performance and tight turning circle to get out of harms way, though beware of the mediocre roll rate and the weak acceleration. Give yourself time to build up a good amount of speed before going for another attack, otherwise you'll struggle to climb away. Make note of what targets you can eliminate: light pillboxes can be destroyed by your cannons, and even extended MG fire from your 7.62mm guns, but other pillboxes will be impossible to kill with your guns, and bombs will need a direct hit. Likewise, light tanks and armoured cars are killable with your guns, but medium tanks will need to be hit from the top or rear to penetrate the thicker armour, and heavy tanks are invulnerable unless you land a direct bomb or rocket hit.

Your bombs and rockets are best used for tougher targets, like pillboxes and medium/heavy tanks. You lack any sort of bombing reticule in Realistic Battles, so aim carefully and get used to how your rockets fall and their velocity. Overall, your load is still very strong. Direct bomb hits will kill any size tank, and your rockets can be devastating against ground convoys, especially with your 8x RBS-132 rockets.

The armoured cockpit keeps your pilot safe from harm, and while your engine does have a tendency to take damage, you should still be safe from AAA unless you're exposed to it for too long. The biggest threat posed to the IL-2 is enemy fighters, since you're slower and less maneuverable than any fighter at this tier. Unlike the later Sturmovik models, you lack any form of defensive armament, so once an interceptor is on you, you're doomed. Keep an eye on the movement of enemy fighters and use terrain to hide your movements to and from targets if you can. Once intercepted, make use of the IL-2's slow speed to force overshoots, and use the adequate turning capabilities to dodge fire and get around the fighters. If you have a shot, take it: the 23mm cannons will shred even large heavy fighters with ease.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil
! Water
! Type
|-
| Controllable || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Controllable Auto control available || rowspan="2" | Controllable Auto control available || rowspan="2" | Separate || rowspan="2" | Not controllable 1 gear || rowspan="2" | Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Modules ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="1" | Tier
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
! colspan="1" | Survivability
! colspan="2" | Weaponry
|-
| I
| Fuselage repair
| Radiator
|
| Offensive 7 mm
| RO-82
|-
| II
|
| Compressor
| Airframe
| New 7 mm MGs
|
|-
| III
| Wings repair
| Engine
|
| Offensive 23 mm
| Der-21
|-
| IV
| 95 octane fuel usage
| Engine injection
| Cover
| New 23 mm cannons
| RO-132
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 23 different payload arrangements including bombs and rockets of varying size, flexible ground attack options
* Powerful pair 23 mm VYa canons, increased firepower, ample ammo capacity
* Strong protection surrounds the pilot and engine
* Can be used as a makeshift fighter

'''Cons:'''

* Lacks defensive armament
* Heavy plane
* Can't carry bombs larger than 250 kg, difficult to destroy more than one target
* Restricted visibility from the cockpit in Simulator Battles due to protective armour
* Higher battle rating

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

=== In-game description ===
The famous IL-2 Sturmovik was a Soviet WWII-era attack aircraft created by the Ilyushin Design Bureau and nicknamed "Hunchback" by Red Army troops due to the distinct fuselage shape. The designers nicknamed their aircraft the "Flying Tank". Luftwaffe pilots, due to the IL-2's incredible ability to withstand battle damage, called it the "Betonflugzeug" or "Concrete Plane". German ground troops, conversely, despised and feared the IL-2, giving it a slew of unpleasant nicknames, such as "Schlachter" (Butcher); "Fleischwolf" (Meatgrinder); "Eiserner Gustav" (Iron Gustav) and "Schwarzer Tod" (the Black Death). Some historians believe that the 'Black Death' was actually a successful invention of the Soviet propaganda machine that caught on with the Germans.

The IL-2 was the most mass-produced military aircraft in history. However, early in the war German air superiority coupled with the absence of rear gunners on early variants and poorly organized Soviet fighter escorts led to high rates of losses for the type. A favorite attack tactic for IL-2 pilots was a low-level attack run, first letting loose with rockets at 600-700 meters, then firing on-board armament from a distance of 400 to 600 meters. Bombs would be dropped in subsequent passes from an altitude of 100-200 meters, using an impact fuse. The recommended tactic for attacking concentrations of soft targets was a strafing run in a shallow dive from 100-200 meters and a subsequent dropping of bombs at low level when exiting the dive.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR attackers}}