War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

FlaRakRad

2024-09-21T21:03:11Z

U15684061:

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_flarakrad
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German SPAA {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "New Power"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

[[File:FlaRakRad internal armor.png|thumb|Internal armour of the FlaRakRad (5 mm)]]
As the FlaRakRad is the largest ground vehicle in game, and an SPAA, it is not hard for one to guess how the protection situation is. As there is no armour to speak of, the best bet for protecting this vehicle is not to be seen. Try hiding behind large hills, buildings near spawn, and other large obstacles. The non retractable search radar makes it hard to find spots tall enough to hide the FlaRakRad's immense size. However, due to the size of this vehicle, it can take ATGMs from helis occasionally, and can sometimes even eat APFSDS. However, any shot is very likely to cripple you, as the transmission is huge and easily hit.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull ||5 mm||5 mm||5 mm||5 mm
|-
| Turret ||15 mm||15 mm||15 mm||10 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* The chassis is 30 mm thick.
* The windows in the cab have no armour.
* The tracking radar is 15 mm thick.
* There are 5 mm plates inside the rear compartment (see image).

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=511|rbMinHp=318}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Roland}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Roland|Roland SAM]] (x2) || colspan="4" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced!!Autoloader
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 10 (2) || rowspan="2" | -10°/+80° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 74.9 || 103.6 || 125.8 || 139.1 || 148.0 || rowspan="2" | 5.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 50.6 || 59.5 || 72.3 || 79.9 || 85.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Roland/Ammunition|Roland 3, VT1}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''5''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

It is recommended to change the radar range from 10 to 20 km, find a concealed spot near spawn and memorize where the helicopters' airfield is. Helicopters are easy prey for the FlaRakRad; but be careful to take them out quickly or you'll find you have a 9M127 Vikhr headed right at you. Be careful to not radar lock helicopters, as they usually have RWR and will detect you if you lock them. Try instead to hand guide the missiles. This isn't as hard as it seems, as helicopters mostly hover and without the RWR won't know where the missile is coming from. Once the VT1 missile is unlocked, this allows the FlaRakRad to be able to finally engage aircraft with any hint of reliability. Still, one must exercise discipline when choosing when to engage aircraft, as the VT1 can still be dodged. As for the VT1 against helicopters, it just allows the FlaRakRad to kill enemy helicopters quicker, giving them less time to react. All in all, the FlaRakRad is a competent SPAA once one unlocks the missile and has the flexibility to engage aircraft as well as helis. Keep in mind that after firing the second missile, the FlaRakRad will not begin reloading until the second missile hits a target or reaches its max range and self-destructs. This means if you miss the second missile, you are vulnerable to air attack while waiting to reload. Take care not to be hit, and you'll have a good time.

=== Countering [[9K127_Vikhr|Vikhr]]-equipped helicopters ===
Experienced [[Ka-50]]/[[Ka-52|52]] players will often fire multiple Vikr missiles at you, hoping that the first two of them will neutralize your missiles or they will have loaded rockets that will explode after a fixed distance and will try to shoot your VT1 missiles. You can make their life hard if you circle the target by moving the aiming reticle around the target in small circles, causing your missile to change direction really fast and making it nearly impossible to counter if done right. Remember that you do not need to hit the target directly due to the missile's proximity fuse.

=== Countering advanced planes ===
Experienced pilots will try to side-climb outside your range and will try to attack from the top where your radar will not show the incoming plane. In order to prevent this from happening, set the range of the radar to 20 km instead of 10 km to detect any side-climbing planes to prioritize before they climb above the maximum radar elevation range.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High speed missile with long range
* 1st generation gunner thermals allow the FlaRakRad to track targets without the use of radar easier
* Missile has enough explosive to destroy lightly-armoured vehicles, and even tanks via overpressure through the turret roof or hull belly.

'''Cons:'''

* The single biggest ground vehicle in the game, longer and taller than a Maus - finding proper concealment is nigh impossible
* Every single gun in the game, MGs included, poses a threat
* No reliable defence against any ground vehicles
* Lack of guns means it cannot defend itself from close aircraft should missiles miss or run out
* No survivability from attacks from the ground or air
* Due to the low power-to-weight ratio, gaining speed takes ages even on flat ground and most hills will slow the vehicle to a crawl
* Smoke from missiles block vision
* Missiles are extremely hard to use

== History ==

=== [[wt:en/news/6902-development-flarakrad-protective-sphere-en|Devblog]] ===
The FlaRakRad self-propelled anti-aircraft missile system with the Roland 3 surface-to-air missile system became the most advanced modification of the Roland, Franco-German anti-aircraft missile. While the army version of the FlaRakPz 1 self-propelled air defense system was equipped with a tracked chassis, the air defense services and the German naval forces settled on wheeled chassis for AA systems for airfield protection. At the end of the 90s, a MAN 6x6 truck was chosen as a chassis for the Roland 2 complex, but soon a unified command vehicle on the chassis of the MAN 15t mil gl KAT I A1 (8×8) truck was adopted, which served as the basis for further development of the Roland family.

One of the latest modernization programs for the complex for the needs of the German army assumed the possibility of launching not only Roland 2 and Roland 3 missiles, but also promising long-range VT1 missiles, but the program was not completed and by 2003 Germany refused to further modernize the Roland complex in favor of more modern systems.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_flarakrad Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" caption="FlaRakRad Devblog Images" heights="150">
File:FlaRakRad WTWallpaper 001.jpg|
File:FlaRakRad WTWallpaper 002.jpg|
File:FlaRakRad WTWallpaper 003.jpg|
File:FlaRakRad WTWallpaper 004.jpg|
File:FlaRakRad WTWallpaper 005.jpg|
File:FlaRakRad WTWallpaper 006.jpg|
File:FlaRakRad WTWallpaper 007.jpg|
</gallery>

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6902-development-flarakrad-protective-sphere-en|[Devblog] FlaRakRad: Protective Sphere]]

{{Germany anti-aircraft vehicles}}
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

He 162 A-1

2024-09-01T03:35:25Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = gift German jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the regular version
| link = He 162 A-2
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=he-162a-1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=He 162 A-1
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} German jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.59 "Flaming Arrows"]] but was made available in [[Update 1.73 "Vive la France"]] as a reward during [[wt:en/news/5081-esport-victory-tournament-series-celebrating-war-thunder-s-5-year-anniversary-en|War Thunder's 5th Anniversary tournaments]] and later for [[wt:en/news/5863-esport-war-thunder-s-6th-birthday-tournaments-en|War Thunder's 6th Birthday tournaments]].

The He 162 A-1 is a unique jet design in the game, most notable for its top-mounted jet engine, a consequence of its development as an easily produced jet fighter for the Luftwaffe's Emergency Fighter Program. The program also called for the materials used in the design to be of wood rather than metal.

Still, the He 162 A-1 profile is tiny and stream-lined for a jet fighter. The wing span is relatively short, leading to the small target profile the He 162 presents. On the edges of the wings have drooping tips that were meant to stabilize the aircraft. A standard tricycle landing gear is used in the design.

The coloration in the design takes a two-tone colour scheme with brown and green on the top, with white camouflage for the underbelly. A good portion of the aircraft is green, but the brown scheme covers the engine, right wing, and right tailplane.

Two 30 mm Mk 108 cannons are mounted on the He 162 A-1, presenting great anti-bomber power in an intercepting role but with minimum ammunition. The recoil force is also substantial, causing the nose to dip and slowing down the aircraft when firing (full ammo dump can slow down the vehicle by 90 km/h). These reasons are also why the 20 mm MG 151/20 was considered in the [[He 162 A-2|fighter variant]].

When taking off in this plane, make sure its a shallow angle take off as any climb angle while taking off at 5 degrees or more will damage the tail and snap the control cable.

The He 162 A-1 is perhaps best played in a Boom-and-Zoom style game play, taking the altitude advantage and diving down on targets on a predictable path to lay waste with the 30 mm Mk 108 cannons. Though the He 162 A-1 has an adequate climb rate for this job, the He 162 A-1 suffers with a rather poor top speed, poor turn rates, a tendency to bleed off speed quickly in turns, and terrible acceleration, especially when compared to other jets.

To make the most out of the air speed, it is recommended to ascend and when the speed drops, dive a few hundred meters to regain speed and then use that to continue climbing upwards.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 801 || 776 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.4 || 32.3 || 19.1 || 18.1 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| 875 || 840 || 28.8 || 30.0 || 28.2 || 23.4
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 677 || 648 || 500 || ~12 || ~7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 500 || < 580 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | BMW 003 || 1
| colspan="2" | 1,990 kg || colspan="2" | 212 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 8m fuel || 20m fuel || 26m fuel
|-
| 673 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 2,132 kg || 2,342 kg || 2,465 kg || 2,495 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (108%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || 108%
! 8m fuel || 20m fuel || 26m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 801 kgf || 910 kgf
| 0.43 || 0.39 || 0.37 || 0.36
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 801 kgf (0 km/h) || 910 kgf (0 km/h)
| 0.43 || 0.39 || 0.37 || 0.36
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 15 mm of steel behind the pilot's seat.
* No armour glazing

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Focus on upgrading the plane's performance. The better the performance, the better plane will perform. The gun/belts upgrade should be saved for last as the default belts are adequate for air to air combat.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MK 108 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 30 mm MK 108 cannons, chin-mounted (50 rpg = 100 total)

The two 30 mm cannons are cheek mounted at the front of the aircraft. Both are armed with the same amount of ammunition, which means that both guns will fire with each other until empty.

== Usage in battles ==

'''Bomber-hunting''' 
The He 162 A-1 with its 30 mm cannons should be played in a bomber-hunting role as intended in its historical onset. This also plays into the power and flaws of the 30 mm as a bomber's larger profile and lesser mobility can allow for more 30 mm shells to hit with a pass.

Of course, this requires to get an altitude advantage, and there are several bombers that will straight-up climb up to altitudes faster than the He 162, like the B-29 ''Superfortress''. However, if able to get the jump on them via side-climbing or they are flying low, they will be prime targets.

Climb up to an altitude above the bomber, then proceed a descent in a Boom-and-Zoom style from the top. Once within range, optimally around 600 metres, fire a burst into the bomber's path. A good burst should instantly decimate the bomber. If the first pass did not destroy the bomber, it is recommended to use the diving speed to climb up and regain the altitude advantage. Try not to climb too steep an angle else more speed would be bled off than needed. Repeat the process on any large flying aircraft for tallies.

'''Fighters''' 
The 30 mm are also very effective against fighters as one or two hits would tear the fighters apart with their impacts. However, the 30 mm suffers from low velocity and inaccuracy so distance would have to be close in to make hits. As such, it is not recommended to fire at targets past 600 metres, even if the indicator appears in arcade mode as the 30 mm accuracy would dip drastically enough that the aim indicator wouldn't help.

Manoeuvring with the He 162 A-1 is complicated as a jet fighter and as such a Boom-and-Zoom strategy like for bombers should be taken up as the main method of attack for the He 162. Attack unsuspecting fighters or those flying predictably when diving. Once in sights, the 30 mm should be fired in quick bursts, less than a second, as the low ammunition capacity leaves little to be wasted.

Going head-on with fighters is a viable tactic however due to the nose-mounted 30 mm firing straight forwards. The inaccuracy of the 30 mm can help and hinder at the same time. It helps in that it can act as a "shotgun" when spraying a burst when closing in, allowing the enemy to fly into a wide volley of fire and disintegrate. It hinders in that accuracy is lower, so a simple burst of rounds can't be relied on to hit the target, fire a longer volley then usual to saturate the front so either the enemy flies into it or is forced to turn away.

When conducting manoeuvres with the He 162 A-1, one manoeuvre to take caution with is the [[wikipedia:Immelmann_turn|Immelmann turn]]. The He 162 bleeds speed quickly when climbing at a steep angle and the boosting upwards for the movement would remove most of the energy in the He 162, and if not sufficiently fast enough can even leave the He 162 stalling in mid-air, open to any enemy fighters to take advantage and snipe it down. It is recommended to not perform this manoeuvre unless going more than 400 km/h.

====Specific enemies worth noting====

Any plane with an altitude and energy advantage over the He 162 A-1 while it is climbing or stalling in the air is a dangerous plane. Especially watch out for other jets that have better climbing ability and speed than the He 162 A-1.

While bombers are not inherently dangerous, do not linger behind some of more heavily armed ones like the B-29 ''Superfortress'' as they will cut up the He 162. When attacking, always try to go in Boom & Zoom style to minimize exposure to the enemy gunners.

====Counter-tactics====

Forcing the He 162 into a steep climb is a good way to deal with a He 162 on the tail due to its tendency to bleed off a lot of energy and speed when going straight up. Either way, an energy advantage can be obtained against the He 162 to get on its tail, which due to its poor acceleration would be unable to quickly boost away from its predicament. Beware that the He 162 in this situation may try to bleed off more speed and roll to force an overshoot, which it could then recover with a reversal by peppering the plane with devastating 30 mm shells.

Another opportunity to attack the He 162 A-1 is when it is out of ammunition. The 30 mm Mk 108 load is rather small, only 50 rounds per gun. A He 162 A-1 in prolonged combat will most likely be running low or out of ammunition, the latter can be found if they are attempting to break off any engagement and trying to zoom away from the battlefield. Though they could still perform evasive manoeuvre, the lack of ammunition will prevent them from taking any offensive action against an incoming plane ready to riddle them with shell holes.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 30 mm Mk 108 Minengeschoß will do a lot of damage to any plane it hits (either crippling or destroying the plane it hits).
* No worries about different ammunition belt except for special purpose. All carry HEI-T/I shell load, with specialized rounds in HEI-T/HEI-T/HEI-T/I composition with different tracers for night and stealth.
* Small target, tiny profile and short wingspan.
* Does not have war emergency power, however, the throttle can push past 100% (up to 108%)
* Accelerates quickly in a dive.
* Excellent roll rate in AB, okay in RB.
* Cockpit has good forward visibility.

'''Cons:'''

* Limited ammunition capacity for the 30 mm Mk 108 cannons.
* 30 mm loses accuracy past 600 metres.
* Poor top speed for a jet.
* No air brakes.
* Shallow climb angle when taking off.
* Climbing upwards past an angle will bleed speed quickly, especially when going straight up.
* Poor turn rate.
* Terrible acceleration.
* Poor rear view visibility due to jet engine mount.
* Top mounted engine easily damaged from enemy shots coming from above or from overshooting the fuselage body.
* Long take off distance (not easy to take off in maps with short runways)
* Ammunition belts not suited for ground attack as there is no AP rounds in the ammunition belts.
* Engine and oil will quickly overheat at 620 C° when using 108% throttle at low altitude in RB, with oil continuing to overheat past 2 km.
* Extremely Rare and/or expensive.

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=he-162a-1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/320879-heinkel-he-162-a-2/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Heinkel}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

Panther F

2024-08-07T22:32:09Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
|about = German medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|other
|usage-1 = other uses
|link-1 = Panther (Disambiguation)
|usage-2 = other versions
|link-2 = Panther tank (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_pzkpfw_V_ausf_f_panther
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''Panzerkampfwagen V Ausführung F (Panther F)''' ([[Abbreviations#.28DE.29 Sd.Kfz. Index|Sd.Kfz. Index:]] '''Sd.Kfz. 171''') is the fourth production variant of the iconic [[Panther tank (Family)|Panzerkampfwagen V Panther medium tank family]]. In November 1943, Rheinmetall designed a new turret with a narrow front plate 120 mm (4.72 in) thick. From a distance, the narrow turret presented a smaller target for the enemy. In March 1944, the design was revised under the name Schmale Blende Turm-Panther. This was one of several designs that were eventually dubbed "Schmallturm" (narrow turret). The Schmale Blende appears to be a modification that served as one of numerous proposals for the [[Panther II|Panzerkampfwagen V Ausfuehrung II (Panther II)]]. This updated turret design weighed less than the original Panther turret (from 7,665 kg to 7,565 kg) and reduced the area of frontal armour while maintaining interior crew space. It also reduced production time by around 30-40%. Unfortunately, due to the end of World War II, the Panther F did not see serial production, but eight hulls and three turrets were completed in 1945.

Introduced in the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before Update 1.41, the Panther F is one of the redesigned Panthers that would eventually become the Panther II. However, due to the conclusion of World War II and Germany's lack of practically all resources, the Panther F did not see combat. Players can experience this one-of-a-kind Panther with much better turret cheek protection. Trap shot problems have also been resolved as the redesigned turret has no surface for shells to ricochet into the hull. It is also the first Panther tank to include an optical rangefinder, which allows players to measure ranges much faster than before, up to more than 2 kilometres.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (gun mantlet, cupola)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 80 mm (55°) ''Front glacis'' 50 mm (56°) ''Lower glacis'' || 50 mm (30°) ''Top'' 41.5 + 5 mm ''Lower'' || 40 mm (24°) || 25 mm
|-
| Turret || 120 mm 100 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 60 mm || 60 mm || 40 mm
|-
| Cupola || colspan="4" style="text-align:center" | 80 mm
|-
|}

From the hull up, the F variation of the Panther is similar to previous models. However, the biggest and most noticeable change is seen in the turret design. Instead of the transverse-cylindrical mantlet of the [[Panther D|D]] and [[Panther A|A]] models or the chinned mantlet of the [[Panther G|G]] model, the Panther F features a brand new trapezoidal turret named the ''Schmalturm'' (or "Narrow Turret"). This new turret features a bevy of positives over its previous iterations, including beefier armour and the removal of the prominent shot trap caused by the cylindrical nature of the previous model's mantlet. Although this new turret is a welcome addition, it is not without its weaknesses. The Panther will occasionally be facing enemies that can and will penetrate its turret from the front, namely the [[M26]], [[T26E1-1]], [[Tiger II (P)|Tiger II]], [[IS-2 (1944)|IS-2]], [[Tortoise]], [[AMX M4]].

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=930|rbMinHp=531}}

As expected of the Panther series, it features excellent mobility as a result of its very high power to weight ratio. However its mobility has been toned down a few notches due to the limiting of the engine to improve engine lifespan, which is unfortunately useless as reliability has no function in War Thunder. It is also important to note that the reverse has not improved from its lethargic 3 km/h, but the Panther's ability to neutral turn helps tremendously when trying to escape.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|KwK44 (75 mm)}}

The KwK44 is an incredibly effective gun when engaging enemy armour due to its penetration. Although not as effective as the later legendary [[KwK43 (88 mm)|KwK43]], it's enough to penetrate most enemies it will face, resulting in many two-shot kills with the help of the PzGr 39's explosive filler. The penetration combined with the excellent accuracy makes it an ideal sniping cannon.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[KwK44 (75 mm)|75 mm KwK44]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 82 || rowspan="2" | -8°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 14.28 || 19.76 || 24.00 || 26.55 || 28.24 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.93 || 10.50 || 12.75 || 14.10 || 15.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:KwK44 (75 mm)/Ammunition|PzGr 39/42, PzGr 40/42, Sprgr. 42}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! 9th rack empty
! 10th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''82''' || 80 ''(+2)'' || 74 ''(+8)'' || 62 ''(+20)'' || 50 ''(+32)'' || 38 ''(+44)'' || 26 ''(+56)'' || 22 ''(+60)'' || 12 ''(+70)'' ||4 ''(+78)'' || 1 ''(+81)'' || style="text-align:center" | Yes
|-
|}
'''Note''':

* Right side empty: 50 ''(+32)'' shells.
* Both sides empty: 22 ''(+60)'' shells.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|MG42 (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG42 (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm MG42]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,000 (150) || 1,200 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The Panther is a great "hunter," locating weak (slow, damaged, or alone) tanks and taking them out is by far its greatest capability. Mobility is a big advantage and the tanker should use it to their advantage, especially when fighting higher-rank vehicles. You should find a suitable location as soon as possible; when you do this, you can easily push off advancing enemy tanks while heavier allies join the action. Just when you notice that you have strong opposition it is time to retreat. Your role is not to fight directly but rather spot weaknesses in the enemy defence. Once you learn how to take advantage of its speed and gun, you'll easily take out enemy targets by surprise.

Despite its slower turret traverse speed and mobility over the Panther A, it receives better turret armour, a rangefinder and faster reload.

Most of the heavy tanks that the Panther faces are not fast enough to counter its attacks. However, this does not mean that they are harmless. Be careful when approaching the enemy and always try to have the advantage. It is not advised to attack enemy heavy tanks directly or frontally; this is where they have most of their armour, and the Panther will probably not be able to penetrate it. It is better to retreat and try to find an alternative route before engaging the enemy.

The Panther has no anti-air capabilities, so it is best to find cover if there are enemy aircraft nearby that are equipped with bombs or rockets.

If the map allows it and you prefer this kind of playstyle, the Panther F also excels at sniping. Although having a slower turret traverse speed and mobility compared to the Panther A, the F version trades it for better turret armour, a rangefinder and faster reload. The distance will make your armour almost impenetrable to a lot of guns while being able to use the rangefinder, high muzzle velocity and great optics to pick off enemies.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Flat mantlet removes the shot trap which plagued earlier models
* Nigh impenetrable turret cheeks when facing from the front
* 75 mm KwK44 is an accurate and powerful gun
* Explosive filler on PzGr 39 shell allows for easy one- or two-shot kills
* APCR shell can allow the tank to compete with the heavier armour found in an uptier
* Features excellent, although toned down mobility as well as neutral steering
* Hull can become even more difficult to penetrate when angled properly
* Slightly faster reload than the previous models of Panthers
* Optical rangefinder, allows you to measure the range faster than the normal rangefinder and up to 2,200-2,500 m (depending on your crew qualification)

'''Cons:'''

* Turret is a massive weak spot
* Hull suffers similarly to turret; although good by itself, it becomes paper when facing higher tier guns
* 75 mm KwK44 can become difficult to use as a sniper in an uptier
* Pitiful reverse speed
* Slower turret traverse than the Panther A and G
* Turret cheeks can be penetrated by high penetration guns (German 88 mm or US 90 mm)

== History ==


{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}|expand=true}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
In the autumn of 1944, production of a new variant of the Panther was planned, the Ausf. F variant. This version had stronger front armour on its hull (80 mm), its sides (50 mm), and the front part of its roof (25 mm). The Schmalturm 605 turret, developed by the company Daimler-Benz AG, was slightly smaller than the standard Panther turret. This allowed the forward armour to be reinforced up to 120 mm, at an inclination of 20°. The sides of the new turret had a thickness of 60 mm and an inclination of 25°, and the thickness of the gun mantlet reached 150 mm. Stereoscopic rangefinders produced by the company Zeiss were mounted on the sides of the turret. The vehicle was armed with a 75 mm KwK42/1 L/70 or KwK44/1 L/70 gun in a new mantlet.

A project was launched to equip the Panther with the longer 75 mm KwK L/100. Instead of a directional machine gun, the radio operator/gunner used an MP 44 assault rifle. Production plans stipulated that production Ausf. F tanks would only be released with road wheels with internal shock absorbers. During mass production, the tank was supposed to be fitted with a periscope sight with an optical stabilizer. Each tank could, if necessary, be equipped with an FG 1250 night vision device.

In October 1944, production of the Ausf. F was set to launch in the Daimler-Benz plant in Berlin in March 1945. But by January 1945, a single Panther Ausf. G prototype with a Schmallturm turret was ready. Due to the overall difficulty of Germany's situation at the time, only a few prototypes with a narrow turret and 8 tank hulls had been constructed by the end of the war. Some sources indicate that several Ausf. F variants were completed by Daimler-Benz between April 20 and 23, 1945, and they may have been used in combat operations.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_pzkpfw_V_ausf_f_panther Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{TankManufacturer MAN AG}}
{{Germany medium tanks}}

BV 238

2024-08-04T05:22:37Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=bv-238
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was the largest aircraft produced during WWII by the Axis Powers. With a size intended to demonstrate the marvels of German technological superiority, it also served as a show of force. With an equal weight to two B-29A-BN Superfortresses, the aircraft was powered by six DB.603V 12-cylinder radial engines and could reach 424 km/h at 6 km altitude, with a range of over 10,000 km. The aircraft never advanced beyond the experimental stage, since the BV 238 V1 was destroyed by Allies as it sat hidden near the town of Lübeck.

The BV 238 was introduced in [[Update 1.63 "Desert Hunters"]]. The BV 238 is a slow though very well-armoured and armed bomber. It is capable of landing in water, which is a rare occurrence for an aircraft of its size. It is very capable thanks to its large bomb payload of 20 x 250 kg bombs which is enough to destroy a base or several ground targets in realistic battles, and is also very well defended, with dorsal turrets consisting of dual MG 151 20 mm autocannons while all other turrets use quad MG 131 HMGs. Thanks to this, an interceptor approaching alone from behind the BV 238 can consider itself destroyed, or at least in grave danger. The best way to deal with the BV 238 is a high speed dive from above, trying to hit the pilots or the engines. A few engines destroyed in the BV 238 are enough to make it lose speed at a constant rate, making it eventually crash.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


[[File:BV238 trinitythewolf 001.jpg|450px|thumb|right|''Little buddy'']]
Due to being an aircraft of this size, it is no surprise that the {{PAGENAME}} is a very sluggish plane when it comes to making changes in flight. Typical characteristics of this aircraft are slow acceleration, poor climb rate, low top speed, pitiful turn rate and an agonizingly slow roll rate, the {{PAGENAME}} is a handful and will not out-perform any aircraft it will face in-game. If necessary, combat flaps can significantly decrease the turn time, however, manoeuvres like this should be limited as it can expose the bomber to enemy fighters looking for an advantage.

While at altitude, to get away from inbound fighters, it may be tempting to dive down to a lower altitude, however, this may be counterproductive as it will put the fragile bomber at a much lower altitude and in range of many more enemy fighters. For this aircraft, altitude is king and the best place from which it can bomb. When being attacked, ensure the gunners have a clear shot at the incoming enemy fighter and if necessary, switch to gunner-view and staff the turrets yourself. Even if the {{PAGENAME}} ends up going down, make sure the enemy fighter goes with you

The only notably good flight characteristic of the {{PAGENAME}} is the low stall speed of the flying boat, which allows it to glide long distances at low speeds and makes it incredibly easy to land this massive aircraft in the water.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,600 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 401 || 390 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.4 || 33.2 || 1.6 || 1.6 || rowspan="2" | 3,000
|-
! Upgraded
| 443 || 421 || 28.7 || 30.0 || 4.6 || 3.0
|-
|}
[[File:BV238 sgtroach 001.jpg|450px|thumb|right|]]
==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 401 || 377 || 250 || ~3 || ~1
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 360 || < 360 || < 280 || > 314
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 6,600 m || 1,500 hp || 1,650 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

[[File:BV238 i alt3 you 001.jpg|450px|thumb|right|]]

* 5 mm Steel plate behind pilot.

Though the {{PAGENAME}} almost entirely lacks armour, it is a highly survivable plane. Massive areas of empty space within the fuselage as well as the iconic six engines of this behemoth cause the bomber to be an incredibly tough target to take down. With smart use of Manual Engine Controls to disable engines and manipulate radiators, a BV 238 pilot can nurse even a critically damaged bomber several kilometres home safely. Due to the plane's role as a flying boat, the belly of the bomber is unusually durable, and can easily survive landings on land-based runways in spite of the BV 238's lack of a wheeled landing gear. The wings of this massive aircraft are the weak points, if a cannon bearing aircraft manages to cause one of the wings to snap, there is nothing stopping the {{PAGENAME}} from crashing to the earth.

In terms of crew members, the {{PAGENAME}} houses an impressive ten crew members, with two crew members in the flight deck and five more each manning various gunner positions around the aircraft, and three more miscellaneous crew. This makes the {{PAGENAME}} very hard to neuter, as the crew members are spaced '''very''' far apart, with one gunner on each wing past the third engine, two near the flight deck, and one in the tail of the aircraft, altogether making it nigh-impossible to prevent return fire from the bomber.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC250JA (250 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 20 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (5,000 kg total)

With only one ordnance option, the {{PAGENAME}} does not spoil the pilot with choices. However, this bombload is exceptional for any bomber found at this battle rating, allowing a single bomber to destroy three bombing points with no allied aid. The {{PAGENAME}}'s bombload is located in the wings, 10 in each bomb bay, which must be opened prior to ordnance drop.

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 20 mm MG 151/20 cannons, front dorsal turret (700 rpg = 1,400 total)
* 4 x 13 mm MG 131 machine guns, nose turret (1,800 rpg = 7,200 total)
* 4 x 13 mm MG 131 machine guns, 2 x wing turrets (900 rpg = 3,600 total)
* 4 x 13 mm MG 131 machine guns, tail turret (900 rpg = 3,600 total)

[[File:BV238 hc dwain 001.jpg|450px|thumb|right|Night flight when the rear-facing gunners open up on an enemy attacker. There is no doubt where those guns are firing!]]
The {{PAGENAME}} is equipped with an excellent selection of defensive positions. On the upper surface of the aircraft sits a deadly dual-20 mm dorsal turret, containing two [[MG 151/20 (20 mm)|MG 151]] cannons which are capable of inflicting critical damage to aircraft with just few hits. This turret mainly covers the port and starboard sides of the boat, as well as directly in front of the nose, with the {{PAGENAME}}'s massive tail section blocking a considerable amount of the turret's rearview. To cover for this blind spot, the {{PAGENAME}} also has three rear-facing turrets each equipped with quad [[MG 131 (13 mm)|MG 131]] 13 mm machine gun setup. These machine-gun points have high fire rates and large ammo counts allowing for sustained fire. As a bonus, the bomber also has an additional quad MG 131 turret in the nose. This quad MG turret is very useful against head-on engagements.

Unlike most bombers and especially unlike those comparable in battle rating to it, the {{PAGENAME}} is '''very''' well-defended, which combines with the plane's excellent survivability to make the bomber an incredibly lethal platform, in spite of the plane's extremely poor flight performance. There are very few blind spots, not a single gunner can reach and those enemy aircraft which end up on the tail of the {{PAGENAME}} can potentially end up facing down not only twelve x 13 mm machine guns, but also two 20 mm cannons on top of that.

== Usage in battles ==


Though slightly unusual in design, the {{PAGENAME}} is a strategic bomber through and through. It carries a massive bombload allowing the bomber to decimate several bombing points and deliver more ordnance yet to the enemy airfield. Due to its incredible endurance, it can stay airborne for longer than most other aircraft could and inflict far more damage than its contemporaries could bear.

The {{PAGENAME}}'s main job in battle is to deliver its payload to the strategic objectives found around the map and has a secondary use as a gunship with its impressive "defensive" armament. {{PAGENAME}} pilots should seek to bait enemy fighters, who typically have poor high altitude performance at this battle rating, into following the behemoth before mowing them down with an unrelenting and lethal cloud of lead from its eighteen defensive guns.

BV 238 pilots should avoid head-on attacks where possible, the easiest way to take a {{PAGENAME}} out of action is to instantly knock out the pilot during a head-on attack. However, in the event of an unavoidable head-on, switch to gunner-view and manually staff the forward turrets and unleash fire and fury on whoever is attempting to bring you down as at this point it is perfectly acceptable to "spray and pray" you have plenty of ammo to spare and the survivability of the {{PAGENAME}} depends on it.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

[[File:Waterland bv 238.jpg|thumb|450x450px]]

=== Pros and cons ===

[[File:BV238 colonelklink1942 001.jpg|450px|thumb|right|]]

'''Pros:'''

* Impressive bomb load (5 tons payload in the form of 20 x 250 kg bombs)
* Extremely durable airframe, with a large crew compliment
* Excellent defensive armament in most-all directions, eighteen total defensive machine guns and autocannons
* Ability to land on water and rearm/repair from nearby carriers; can also land on land-based runways without landing gear
* Handles well for such a large aircraft
* When at higher altitudes, difficult for fighters to easily reach
* Its massive fuselage acts as a bullet sponge that can soak up huge amounts of ammunition rounds in the body of the aircraft (larger calibre rounds excepted)

'''Cons:'''

* The largest aircraft in War Thunder, thus an easily identifiable and desirable target
* Large aircraft with a large payload equals very challenging to fly (manoeuvrability suffers when fully loaded)
* No access to landing gear, must belly land (causing damage) or land on water
* Easy to destroy from the underside due to lack of ventral turrets
* Easy target when flying at low altitudes
* Weak points include pilots, wings, and tails, any rocket-carrying aircrafts are the bane of this flying boat
* Convergence of wing gunners makes it difficult to aim
* Guns over heat quickly.

== History ==

The Blohm & Voss BV 238 was an experimental flying boat that saw development and flight trials in 1944. With a wingspan of just over 60 m and a length of 43.5 m, the BV 238 was a truly gargantuan aircraft, being, in fact, the heaviest aircraft in existence at the time. Powered by six DB.603V 12-cylinder radial engines, the BV 238 could reach 424 km/h at 6 km altitude, with a range of over 10,000 km.<ref name="Yenne" />

Blohm & Voss Flugzeugbau designer and leader of the flying boat project, Hans H. Amtmann stated in an autobiography, "''The RLM issued a request for a large flying boat. In spite of the fact that Erhard Milch, the powerful secretary to the Air Minister Göring, wanted this flying boat developed and built by the Dornier company, the technical staff of the Air Ministry selected our design and the contract went to our company.''"<ref name="Harrison" />

{{quote
|Little known fact: Blohm & Voss arranged for students to build a manned flyable 1:4 scale model of the BV 238 for early testing.<ref name="Harrison" />
}}

However, the sole flyable BV 238 prototype met an unfortunate end before the series could enter production, as only four days before the end of the war, Allied Fighters discovered and destroyed the BV 238 V1 as it sat hidden near the town of Lübeck in a side arm of the large lake Schaalsee.<ref name="Allward" /><ref name="Harrison" />

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=bv-238 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:BV238 WTWallpaper 001.jpg
File:BV238 WTWallpaper 002.jpg
File:BV238 WTWallpaper 003.jpg
File:BV238 WTWallpaper 004.jpg
File:BV238 WTWallpaper 005.jpg
File:BV238 WTWallpaper 006.jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|abgr1kKAnQE|'''BV-238 - The Biggest Aircraft In The Game!!!''' - ''TheHurricaneHunter // NickTHH''|iQ97c_m8G0I|'''The Shooting Range #16''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:42 discusses the BV 238.|ARvgfqS0TzA|'''Largest Plane In War Thunder! - BV 238 German Boat Plane''' - ''Drae''|osemimTmF78|'''Premium Review: BV-238 (the new Tu-4)''' - ''Jengar''}}

== See also ==


;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* Kawanishi [[H8K2|H8K]] Emily (⅓rd the size at 32.5 tons)

;Even smaller flying boats

* Beriev [[Be-6]] (29.0 tons)
* Short [[Sunderland Mk V|Sunderland]] (27.2 tons)
* Martin [[PBM-3 "Mariner"]] (21.1 tons)

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/4245-development-bv-238-the-largest-aircraft-en|[Development<nowiki>]</nowiki> BV 238: The Largest Aircraft]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/331461-bv-238-v1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

== References ==
<references>
<ref name="Yenne">Yenne, Bill. Seaplanes of the World. Cobb: First Glance Books, 1997. ISBN 9781885440075. </ref>
<ref name="Allward">Allward, Maurice. An Illustrated History of Seaplanes and Flying Boats. New York: Barnes and Noble Books, 1993. ISBN 9780880292863</ref>
<ref name="Harrison">Harrison, J. (Ed.). (2016). Hitler's 'Wonder Weapon' Bomber Project - Luftwaffe - Secret Bombers of the Third Reich. (38-40), Lincolnshire, UK: Mortons Media Group. ISBN: 978-1-911276-06-7</ref>
</references>

{{AirManufacturer BlohmVoss}}
{{Germany bombers}}
{{Germany premium aircraft}}

Alpha Jet A

2024-05-12T21:28:02Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = strike fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Alpha Jet (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=alpha_jet_a
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Alpha Strike"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
|1,005||996|| rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} ||30.7||31.6||40.2||37.1|| rowspan="2" |1,000
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || _ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || ___ || ___ || ___ || ~__ || ~__
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < ___ || < ___ || < ___ || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" |SNECMA Turbomeca Larzac 04-C6|| 2
| colspan="2" | _,___ kg || colspan="2" | ___ kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! _m fuel || __m fuel || __m fuel
|-
|295 kg|| colspan="2" |Jet
| _,___ kg || _,___ kg || _,___ kg || _,___ kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (___%/WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || ___%/WEP
! _m fuel || __m fuel || __m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 1,160 kgf || ___ kgf
| _.__ || _.__ || _.__ || _.__
|-
| ''Optimal'' || ___ kgf (_ km/h) || ___ kgf (_ km/h)
| _.__ || _.__ || _.__ || _.__
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs) !! EEGS
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Cross}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 60 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

''Describe the aircraft's suspended armament: additional cannons under the wings, bombs, rockets and torpedoes. This section is especially important for bombers and attackers. If there is no suspended weaponry remove this subsection.''

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* 1 x 27 mm Mauser BK27 cannon (150 rpg) + 2 x 310 l drop tanks
* 1 x 27 mm Mauser BK27 cannon + 6 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (3,000 lb total)
* 1 x 27 mm Mauser BK27 cannon + 6 x 500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye bombs (3,000 lb total)
* 1 x 27 mm Mauser BK27 cannon + 6 x 250 kg SAMP Type 25 bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 1 x 27 mm Mauser BK27 cannon + 6 x 250 kg SAMP Type 25 200 bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 1 x 27 mm Mauser BK27 cannon + 4 x M116A2 incendiary bombs
* 1 x 27 mm Mauser BK27 cannon + 114 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==

The Alpha Jet is a very good CAS plane in ground realistic battles at it's BR. In stock configuration (you need to create a custom weapon preset!), you can precisely use the CCIP to drop 4 bombs and a few rounds of APHE can criple even tanks if you hit from the top, rear or side.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Modern aircraft with SAS, Sight customization and good cockpit visibility, good for SB that are rare skills at his BR
* Very good for CAS, even in stock configuration
* 60 Countermeasures
* Very effective gun against vehicles (CCIP, default belt contains 75% APHE)

'''Cons:'''

* Does not have radar or RWR
* Does not have IR missiles for air combat or guided weapons for CAS
* No airspawn as a strike vehicle

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

=== [[wt:en/news/8790-development-alpha-jet-a-e-alpha-strike-en|Devblog]] ===
By 1969, both Germany and France had a need for a new generation of jet trainer aircraft to replace their existing inventory of T-33 and Fouga Magister aircraft. It was decided that a collaboration between Dornier and Dassault-Breguet, with the latter first being two separate companies who later merged, had the best potential for a joint TA (Trainer Attack) aircraft over other competing manufacturers and won out the contest with the TA501.

This aircraft was to satisfy the Luftwaffe’s need to also replace their G.91 aircraft in the attack role, while the Armée de l'Air’s needs were mostly on the training gap that the Anglo-French Jaguar was initially intended to cover, but ended up being a more advanced supersonic conversion / strike aircraft. As such, two distinct versions of what would be the Alpha Jet were formed. The A - Appui / Attack and the E - Ecole / Trainer versions. These would be produced in sub assemblies in Germany, France and also Belgium.

The first prototype would take to the skies in October 1973 and after many more years of testing and trials, the Alpha Jet would enter French and German service in 1979, going on to be a success story of collaboration between nations. While it still serves to this day with France, the aircraft has also been a huge export success, with multiple nations from Belgium, Portugal and Thailand operating the type, as well as it also being popular with private company operators who use them as aggressor training aircraft in the UK, America and Canada.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=alpha_jet_a Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|QQmQW_b9Vec|'''The Shooting Range #399''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:24 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Alpha Jet (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8790-development-alpha-jet-a-e-alpha-strike-en|[Devblog] Alpha Jet A & E: Alpha Strike!]]

{{AirManufacturer Dornier}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

Vilkas

2024-05-12T20:13:00Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_vilkas
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=id50248_vilkas_germany
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is an armoured fighting vehicle used by Lithuania, which was developed in collaboration with ARTEC GmbH. The vehicle's roots trace back to the German-Dutch "Boxer AFV" program, showcasing a joint effort by European nations to enhance their armoured capabilities. The Vilkas variant, specifically tailored for Lithuania, integrates advanced technologies and offers versatility in combat scenarios. Entering service in the Lithuanian Armed Forces in 2019, the Vilkas deployment represents Lithuania's strategic investment in a contemporary armoured platform, capable of meeting the challenges of modern warfare.

The '''Boxer ''Vilkas''''' is an event gift German light tank introduced during [[Update "Air Superiority"]] as a reward for the [[wt:en/news/8644-event-winter-extreme-earn-yourself-rewards-this-festive-season-en|2023 Winter Extreme event]]. The Vilkas is a unique light tank choice for German top-tier players, providing fire-and-forget Spike missiles for use against tanks at longer ranges or against nearby helicopters. As such, the Vilkas presents a new playstyle to players of the German ground tree, allowing them to rush to a good position using mobility, and play as a "sniper" with decent firepower and long-range missile, or perhaps play the vehicle more aggressively and use the Spike missiles for dispatching helicopters and long-range targets of opportunity when needed. All in all, the Vilkas is a uniquely interesting vehicle to bolster the top lineups of the German tech tree.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

As an armoured fighting vehicle, the Vilkas can only shrug off heavy machine gun fire from the front, and light machine guns from the sides.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || 15 mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || 15 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.''

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,263|rbMinHp=721}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 (30 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 (30 mm)|30 mm Bushmaster 2 Mk.44]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 600 (200) || rowspan="2" | 200 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+60° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 54.5 || 75.5 || 91.7 || 101.4 || 107.9 || rowspan="2" | 13.00 || rowspan="2" | 11.50 || rowspan="2" | 10.60 || rowspan="2" | 10.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 34.1 || 40.1 || 48.7 || 53.9 || 57.3
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 (30 mm)/Ammunition|APDS, HEI-T, APFSDS}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''3''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}
'''Note:'''

* If turret ammunition storage is hit, the magazine will be lost and a new one will be reloaded.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Spike-LR2MR}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Spike-LR2MR]] missile || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Capacity (Belt) !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
| 4 (2) || - || - || - || 13.00 || 11.50 || 10.60 || 10.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Spike-LR2MR/Ammunition|Spike-LR2}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''2''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|MG3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm MG3A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 4,000 (200) || 1,200 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The Vilkas is best played at medium range in a hull-down scenario, to use the Spike missiles and the cannon. In Realistic Battles, it is best to remain at a range (ideally further than 500 m) to use the Spike missiles efficiently, as they need at least 300 m distance to not overshoot the target. However, the 25 mm APFSDS is largely ineffective at range against heavily armoured targets unless shooting sides at a flatter angle. At closer ranges, it is easier to damage cannon barrels and tracks, but depending on the distance, the Spike missiles may be infeasible or unusable. Thus, playing at medium ranges is the best option for the Vilkas. Remaining behind cover allows the crew to be safe from all kinetic munitions, but still vulnerable to overpressure damage from explosive munitions. In addition, if the turret's ammunition is destroyed, a fire can occur. If this occurs, the Vilkas' position is easily given away by a large ammo cook-off and should be repositioned as soon as possible, ideally to a friendly capture point to re-arm. Rearming one 200-round 25 mm magazine at a capture point takes less than a minute. The excellent power-to-weight ratio of the Vilkas enables quick movements and rotations, especially in uneven environments. In addition, the commander's thermal sight permits the acquisition and firing of the Spike missiles while mostly concealed behind cover. However, due to the lacklustre payload inside the Spike missiles, multiple missiles may be required to destroy a tank.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Optics with thermal sensors for both the gunner and commander
* IR tracking system and ballistic computer for aerial targets
* Unmanned turret
* High power-to-weight ratio enables superior mobility
* Great maximum speed
* Blowout panels

'''Cons:'''

* Unreliable Spike missiles
* Inconsistent damage from the Bushmaster cannon
* Tall profile
* Only three belts of ammunition with easily targetable turret storage
* Large steering circle
* Mediocre reverse speed for a wheeled armoured vehicle
* Low Atgm ammo

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8640/current|[Devblog] Winter Extreme: Boxer Vilkas]]

{{Germany light tanks}}
[[Category:ATGM vehicles]]
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

Begleitpanzer 57

2024-05-12T19:43:01Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_begleitpanzer_57
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.73 "Vive la France"]].

At first glance, the Begleitpanzer 57 may be confused for a SPAA due to the light armoured chassis and the rapid-firing 57 mm autocannon. On the turret is also a TOW launcher with SACLOS guidance, meaning it will automatically align itself with where the crosshair is pointing.

As it shares the same chassis, the Begleitpanzer 57's construction is similar to that of the [[Marder A1-]], with light armour all around and sides that heavy machine guns can penetrate. The main cannon's exterior mounting also means it can be disabled by machine guns and shrapnel.

As a light tank, the Begleitpanzer 57 carries great firepower and high mobility. The 57 mm autocannon has a penetration power close to that of the [[ZSU-57-2]]'s, but the addition of a TOW launcher system makes this vehicle able to engage heavier targets.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 11 mm (76°), 32 mm (32°) ''Front glacis'' 32 mm (31-61°) ''Lower glacis'' || 15 mm (30°) ''Top'' 15 mm || 11 mm (24°) ''Top'' 11 mm (26°) || 11 mm
|-
| Turret || 25 mm (39°) ''Turret front'' 25 mm (0-9°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 15 mm (12-16°) ''Left side'' 15 mm ''Right side'' || 15 mm (39°) || 11 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 11 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,116|rbMinHp=637}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|Bofors L/70 Mk.1 (57 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Bofors L/70 Mk.1 (57 mm)|57 mm Bofors L/70 Mk.1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Autoloader
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 148 || rowspan="2" | 200 || rowspan="2" | -8°/+45° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 52.4 || 72.5 || 88.0 || 97.3 || 103.5 || rowspan="2" | 0.30
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 32.7 || 38.5 || 46.8 || 51.7 || 55.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Bofors L/70 Mk.1 (57 mm)/Ammunition|57x438 AP-T, 57x438 SAP-T, 57x438 HE-T, 57x438 HE-VT}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''148''' || 48 ''(+100)'' || 24 ''(+124)'' || 0 ''(+148)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* Racks 2 and 3 are first stage ammo racks. They total 48 shells and get filled first when loading up the tank.
* As the {{PAGENAME}} is equipped with mechanized magazines, manual reloading of the gun is not possible.
* Once racks 2 and 3 have been depleted, you can't shoot until the loader has restocked the mechanized magazines. The restocking time is longer than the normal reload time of the gun. Take this into account when playing.
* Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from racks 1 into rack 3 then 2. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready racks.
* The depletion order at full capacity is: 2 - 3 - 1.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|BGM-71 TOW}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[BGM-71 TOW]] ATGM || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Autoloader
|-
| 6 || -6°/+20° || - || - || 10.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:BGM-71 TOW/Ammunition|TOW, I-TOW}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}_secondary.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''6''' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|MG3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm MG3A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 5,000 (200) || 1,200 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The Begleitpanzer 57 is a very capable light tank and support vehicle. With proximity fuse HE shells in its 57 mm cannon, it can effectively engage air targets, and can destroy enemy IFVs and even MBTs with its high-penetration rounds. However, when shooting at enemy planes, it is best to wait until they are close before firing, since the vehicle does not have a very high ammo count. Alternatively, the vehicle carries missiles which can be used very effectively to destroy both helicopters and tanks at long ranges. The missile's travel time must be taken in to consideration, but it is nice to have when the enemy is too far away to engage with the 57 mm cannon.

The Begleitpanzer's main cannon can sometimes destroy MBTs from the front, but does damage much more consistently when shooting the enemy's weaker armoured side. For this reason, it is often wise to adopt an ambushing or flanking playstyle. This is helped by the vehicle's small profile and good mobility. It is easy to reach good firing positions and manoeuvre around the enemy quickly and without being seen. (And since the vehicle has poor armour, avoiding being seen will be very important for survival).

While the cannon shares its calibre with the Soviet [[S-68 (57 mm)|57 mm S-68 cannon]], it is quite different in performance with a slower rate of fire and a lesser accuracy. The penetration power is considerably inferior compared to the APCBC belt of the S-68 at 1 km distance. The HE round can be completely ignored as it can not reliably go through the side armour of most MBTs it faces. All of this means that long range firepower relies mainly on your ATGM, of which you only have 6. Upgrading to the better ATGM is highly encouraged due to its increased penetration.

At the end of the day, the Begleitpanzer can be played as a light tank scout. It can't engage the enemy front-on, but it can be a valuable asset to the team and is lethal when played in the correct positions. Be sure to use the scouting ability to help friendly players locate enemy tanks. During night battles, the NVD modification will make scouting both easier to do and even more helpful to the team.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Effective against tanks and aircraft/helicopters
* Has ability to utilise scouting mechanic
* Lethal when shooting enemies from the side
* 1st generation gunner thermals
* Proximity HE shells are very good against helicopters (proxy fuse is only active after 500 m)
* Has access to a laser rangefinder

'''Cons:'''

* Limited gun elevation (45°) to deal with enemy planes
* Cannot destroy many enemies frontally
* Fairly low ammunition count
* Gun breech is easily destroyed
* Must stop to fire ATGMs
* Loses accuracy when firing continuously
* No smoke of any kind

== History ==


=== [[wt:en/news/5069-development-begleitpanzer-57-bofors-marder-united-at-last-en|Devblog]] ===
The armoured fire-support vehicle Begleitpanzer 57 is a combined project from the Thyssen-Henschel and Bofors companies, developed for scouting and destroying lightly armoured Soviet APCs and IFVs without needing tank divisions for support. To achieve this, the engineers chose the chassis of the German Marder infantry fighting vehicle and installed an adapted version of an automatic 57mm ship cannon on it. Moreover, for fighting with enemy tanks, the Begleitpanzer was equipped with American TOW guided anti-tank rockets and a reloading system for the rocket launcher was developed and placed inside the vehicle's hull.

The result was a fast and light infantry fighting machine capable of destroying enemy tanks and armoured personnel carriers at impressive ranges. At the same time, it could also land a small group of 3 infantry scouts. Sounds like a great idea! But it was the very universality of the Begleitpanzer 57 that prevented the vehicle from going into series production. The Begleitpanzer 57 turned out to be too lightly armoured for an infantry fighting machine, and too heavily armoured for a scout tank, plus it was not adapted for overcoming significant water obstacles. The military commission rejected the experimental prototype and the project was closed.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_begleitpanzer_57 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|Y6Tr5XrBQsQ|'''The Begleit Becomes "Balanced" - Begleitpanzer''' - ''JustinPlays''|ZQ0XIBPcF4E|'''The Shooting Range #73''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:30 discusses the Begleitpanzer 57.|2h5kFyznXKU|'''Best IFVs''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 3:41 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Light tanks based on the same chassis

* [[Marder A1-]]
* [[Marder 1A3]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5069-development-begleitpanzer-57-bofors-marder-united-at-last-en|[Devblog] Begleitpanzer 57: Bofors/Marder united at last!]]

{{Germany light tanks}}
[[Category:ATGM vehicles]]

M48A1

2024-05-08T17:07:15Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = American medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = M48 Patton (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=us_m48a1_patton_III
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.59 "Flaming Arrows"]].

A first glance towards the M48A1 can give lots of similarities towards the [[M60|M60]]. However, there are some aspects that can distinguish the M48 from the later M60.

The M48A1 is probably most distinguished first by its rounded turret and gun, with the square-shaped gun mantlet covered by a dust cover cloth. The 90 mm gun has a cylinder muzzle brake going in a T-shape while a fume extractor sits only slightly behind the muzzle brake position.

The hull is distinguished compared to the successor M60 with its curved cast shape instead of straight welded plates.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The M48A1 front hull glacis and turret mantlet are the strongest points of the tank and have the best chance of bouncing conventional small to medium calibre shells. However, its lower glacis, turret side cheeks, side armour and also the cupola remain significant weak points for the tank. So take extra caution when exposing those weak points. The turret's semi-hemispherical design removes the shot traps seen on the [[M47 (Family)|M47]].

The M48A1 is also a rather tall vehicle with its large profile cupola. It can be quickly spotted and identified far away subsequently making this tank rather easy to hit. Chemical shaped charges, sabot shells, and anti-tank guided missiles will also defeat the M48A1's armour.

'''Armour type:'''

* Cast homogeneous armour (Hull, Turret)
* Rolled homogeneous armour (Rear (low), Roof)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 85-200 mm (59-74°) ''Front glacis'' 63-200 mm (13-60°) ''Lower glacis'' || 76 mm (8-43°) ''Front'' 51 mm (0-43°) ''Rear'' || 35 mm (26-32°) ''Top'' 25 mm (61-62°) ''Bottom'' || 25.4-57 mm
|-
| Turret || 127 mm (12-76°) ''Turret front'' 152 + 82 mm (17-26°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 69-100 mm (12-36°) || 51-55 mm (2-71°) || 25-69 mm
|-
| Cupola || colspan="4" style="text-align:center" | 70 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 38 mm in the front and 25 mm in the rear.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,255|rbMinHp=716}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M41 (90 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M41 (90 mm)|90 mm M41]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 60 || rowspan="2" | -9°/+19° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | - || 22.8 || 31.6 || 38.4 || 42.5 || 45.2 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.3 || 16.8 || 20.4 || 22.6 || 24.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:M41 (90 mm)/Ammunition|M332 shot, T142E3, M82 shot, M431 shell, M71 shell, M313}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''60''' || 53 ''(+7)'' || 42 ''(+18)'' || 24 ''(+36)'' || 17 ''(+43)'' || 1 ''(+59)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Shells are modeled by sets of 2 and disappear from the rack after you've fired both shells in the set.
* Racks 4 and 5 are first stage ammo racks. They total 23 shells and get filled first when loading up the tank.
** These rack are also emptied early: the depletion order at full capacity is: 4 - 5 - 1 - 2 - 3.
** Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from racks 1-3 into rack 5 then 4. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready rack.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M73 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 600 (200) || 575 || -9°/+60° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M73 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M73]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 6,000 (250) || 500 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The M48A1 plays as a general medium tank, acting as a jack-of-all-trades in all of the tank's traits with average armour, firepower, and mobility.

One of the best ways to use this tank when a player does not have access to its HEATFS round is to refrain from using it as a brawler. This is because most of the shells that this tank has in its arsenal do not have the ample firepower to eliminate most of the targets it faces at its BR. However, since the tank is incredibly quick and mobile, it can be used as an excellent flanker. It can outmanoeuvre most of its medium tank rivals and expose their weaker side armour. Be wary when equipped with the M82 shell as its penetration will not exactly be impressive and many heavy tanks and some modern medium tanks like the T-54s are well protected frontally. Be prepared to have the gun always level and ready to aim for weak spots on many tanks in case you may accidentally run into them frontally instead from the side.

It is also a good idea to use this tank in a hiding and ambush role. Temporarily turning off your engine around a good position like a corner and letting unaware enemies roll right past you with the M82 shell loaded up with a decent reload speed can also be used to great effectiveness.

In large open maps and long range sniping engagements. the M48A1 can actually be rather difficult to make work with its 90 mm M41 cannon's accuracy and firepower when compared to other medium tanks such as the German Leopard I or British Centurion Mk 3. Mainly when using the APHE shot with lower ballistics in this sense. It is recommended that you use the M431 HEATFS shot for better velocity and easier aim at the cost of not being able to destroy an enemy tank in a single hit compared to the M82 APHE shell. Quickly hitting the ammunition or disabling the gun breech or gunner of other tanks you face is a must for this shell to even be generally effective. Bushes, trees and fences can still detonate the HEATFS shell prematurely if fired close.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good upper front hull and mantlet armour
* Decent acceleration
* Strong roof armour for the hull
* HEATFS which can overpressure open-topped vehicles and light tanks
* Coincidence rangefinder that can quickly calculate the range compared to other older generation WW2 tank rangefinders
* Can fire HESH rounds

'''Cons:'''

* Quite under-armoured for the rank with many weak spots that Rank IV or WW2 era tanks can still penetrate frontally
* Turret roof armour is thin, allowing penetration by heavy machine guns in air attack
* Cupola weak spot: even small-calibre APHE shells can penetrate it and knock out the turret crew making close range engagements not workout in your favour
* Lower top speed compared to other medium tanks
* Stock Apcr
* The HEATFS round suffers from poor post-penetration damage.
* M82 round has rather low penetration for the M48A1's BR and the tanks it faces so it must be used for mainly flank attacks
* Nearly unusable in full uptiers when facing first generation Cold War MBTs, IFVs and light tanks that will typically outclass you with superior speed, firepower, gun stabilization and shells

== History ==

===Development===
In February 1951, Ordnance opted for a new tank design to modernize the [[M46]] and [[M47]] in the U.S. inventory. The tank was designated the ''90 mm Gun Tank T-48'' and featured a new hemispherical turret, new hull, and an improved suspension. The new design was also the first to remove the hull machine gunner position in American tanks, reducing the total crew from the usual 5 to 4. Further testing and trials with the T-48 design proved its worth and in April 1953, Ordnance standardized the design as the '''90 mm Gun Tank M48 Patton''', which would be the third in the Patton series, all named after General George S. Patton.

Production started in 1952 with the original M48 models. During the initial production run, several hundreds of the M48s were found to not be up to the standard protection ratings it should be, these were relegated to training tanks as the M48C. The model was developed into the '''M48A1''' with a redesigned driver hatch and commander's cupola that integrates a .50 cal machine gun for the commander to use. Next variant was the M48A2 with an improved power pack and transmission, along with a new rear plate and improved turret control. The M48A1 models improved with the M48A2 specifications in 1959, up to 1,019 were converted and are labelled the M48A3. The last major model was the M48A5, which is an upgrade of the M48 models in the 1970s with a [[M68_(105_mm)|105 mm Gun M68]], up to 2,069 converted. In total, about 12,000 M48 models were produced in all from the time period of 1952 to 1959.

===Combat usage===
The Americans mainly used the M48A3 Patton tanks in Vietnam, with 600 models deployed. Each battalion in the US Army and Marines armed with the M48 Patton had 57 tanks each. The Armored Cavalry Squadrons were initially armed with M48s before they were replaced by the lighter [[M551|M551 Sheridan]]. A flamethrower variant was developed from the M48, which became known as the M67A1 "Zippo". The M48 also strengthened the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) forces by supplementing their [[M41A1|M41A1 Walker Bulldog]] light tanks. The main armour conflicts between the North and South Vietnamese forces usually involved an armour mix of [[T-54_(1951)|T-54]]/[[PT-76B]] for the North and M48 Pattons/M41A1 Bulldogs for the South. In the conflicts, an incident on 23 April 1972 had an NVA anti-tank force with the new 9M14M Malyutka [[Anti-tank_guided_missiles|anti-tank guided missile]] destroy an M48 Patton, marking one of the early uses of the wide-spread infantry anti-tank missiles. Despite that, the M48s performed favourably in the Southern forces. Even after US forces withdrew from South Vietnam and North Vietnam started the Ho Chi Minh Offensive in 1975, the M48s left in the ARVN hands were able to hold back the assaulting [[T-34-85|T-34]] and T-54/55 tanks, only falling when supplies ran out. After the war, the Americans mainly replaced their main tanks with the [[M60|M60 Patton]].

Like with most of the American equipment, the M48s were supplied to NATO allies across the world to assist in their conflicts. They became involved in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 and 1971 in the hands of Pakistan along with some [[M47|M47s]] against India's [[Centurion_Mk_3|Centurions]]. Its overall performance in the conflicts was that they performed very well in the battlefield, only failing due to the poor tactics used by the armour forces. The M48s also saw service in the Middle Eastern conflicts. It was notably used in the conflicts against Israel in the Six-Day War of 1967 and the Yom Kippur War of 1973 in the hands of the Israelis and Jordanian Army. The Israels upgraded their M48s with the 105 mm guns, about 5 years earlier than the Americans, and fight against the Egyptian Soviet-supplied armour. They also saw use in the Lebanese Civil War in the hands of nearly all sides involved. They were also used in Turkey's military in the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974. The M48s were also used in Iranian hands in the Iran-Iraq war against Soviet-supplied weaponry in Iraq's hands. Morocco also received a hundred M48A5 Pattons from America in 1987. One of the most recent conflicts the M48s were used was in the Battle of Mogadishu in 1993 when assisting the stranded US Rangers and Delta Force in the city.

The M48s were used by 19 different countries in the world during its service life, of which 9 countries still use in varying quantities. Despite being rather outdated in the later part of the Cold War, which warranted its replacement by the M60, the M48 help supplemented the forces around the world in their conflicts. With many models remain in inventory across the world, it still proves a valuable weapon against countries without advanced anti-tank weaponry.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=us_m48a1_patton_III Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|HLOPy5uqghw|'''Honestly... Fun? M48A1 Patton''' - ''Virus''|Xwid3UCLr5U|'''The Patton Family''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 5:00 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|ei-rg46KJlU|'''M48A1 Tank Review - Pay or Die (and die anyways)''' - ''Napalmratte''|Fo-u51pqlrg|'''Tank Chats #108 - M48''' - ''The Tank Museum''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[M48 Patton (Family)]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[M60 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/3751-development-m48a1-en|[Devblog] M48A1]]
* [[wikipedia:M48_Patton|[Wikipedia] M48 Patton]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/coldwar/US/M48_Patton.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> 90mm Gun Tank M48 Patton III]
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=29 <nowiki>[Military Factory]</nowiki> M48 Patton]

{{TankManufacturer Chrysler Defense}}
{{USA medium tanks}}

Ar 234 C-3

2024-04-19T18:26:17Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
|about=German jet bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage=the other version
|link=Ar 234 B-2
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=arado-234c-3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

After constant reliability issues with the Junkers Jumo 004 engine, a test flight was conducted with the BMW 003 engine. Although it had less thrust than the Jumo, it was significantly lighter and helped improve the thrust-to-weight ratio. This led to a variant called the Ar 234 C. The C featured airframe improvements, better cockpit visibility, and most importantly, the addition of four BMW 003 engines, two mounted under each wing. The new engines and airframe improvements greatly increased the top speed to an astounding 857 km/h (535 mph). Unfortunately for Germany, it was in complete disarray and only a handful Ar 234 Cs were produced and even fewer were in active service.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was introduced in [[Update 1.49 "Weapons of Victory"]]. As with all bombers, the Ar 234 C-3 receives a bomber airspawn which is a huge advantage. Unlike the Ar 234 B, the C-3 has two MG 151 cannons mounted near the nose along with ample ammunition. This allows the C-3 to be used rather effectively as a heavy fighter, especially with the air spawn advantage. As a bomber, the Ar 234 C-3 is also good due to its high top speed along with the bomber sight. However, the Ar 234 C-3 is only able to carry up to three bombs, all of which are mounted externally which creates a huge amount of drag. Players should also be careful when diving for bases as the Ar 234 C-3 lacks any airbrake. At higher speeds, the Ar 234 compresses a lot so players using it for bombing or attacking fighters should be wary of going too fast.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Ar 234 C-3 is all you need as a jet bomber. Acceleration is decent and maximum speed at 500 m is 850 km/h when stock. When upgraded, acceleration is great, energy retention is nice and can reach up to 900 km/h IAS at 1,000 m.

Climb rate is great even when stock. Combining the +3,500 m first spawn altitude and nice climb rate, the Arado Ar 234 C-3 is a great choice for bomber players. The dive speed is incredible and together with perfect energy retention, you can reach very high speeds in a matter of seconds. There is no WEP, however, but that's not very important.

'''How to land?'''

Landing is not hard, but a is little dangerous. You can land after a dive, as well as when slow. Landing at low speeds is really easy, but here are the steps when landing after a dive:

# Decrease throttle to 0%, go up at 90° and lose speed.
# After falling down, open combat flaps, then take-off flaps. Throttle must be about 30%.
# Open landing gear and landing flaps to lose more speed, landing with negative or 0 degrees is recommended (see the ''notes'' for why). Landing gear will extend really fast.
# You can land at about 300 km/h as well as lower speeds, so don't worry about it.
# Use brakes and the recoil of your two 20 mm cannons to complete your landing!

'''Some notes''':

* Do not power the engines off. You may need to throttle up and get more stability.
* Do not perform hard manoeuvres; you're at high speed after a dive so the pilot can lose its control and may lead to a crash.
* Flaps are really important for landing, so if you don't have them or they're damaged, decrease speed as much as possible.
* The mono-landing gear under cockpit placement is strong enough to sustain hard landing.
* Why 0 or negative degree when landing? There's no landing gear at the back. So approaching at a positive degree may cause the tail to touch the ground and cause a lot of damage.
* Don't worry about the absence of air brakes, as your brakes work well. Do manoeuvres at low engine power in order to lose speed.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 847 || 840 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 30.2 || 31.0 || 23.9 || 22.4 || rowspan="2" | 700
|-
! Upgraded
| 866 || 857 || 28.1 || 29.0 || 33.6 || 28.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 527 || 498 || 350 || ~8 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 500 || < 650 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | BMW 003 || 4
| colspan="2" | 6,880 kg || colspan="3" | 372 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 13m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 43m fuel
|-
| 673 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 7,810 kg || 8,293 kg || 8,999 kg || 9,980 kg || 11,100 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 13m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 43m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 801 kgf || N/A
| 0.41 || 0.39 || 0.36 || 0.32 || 0.29
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 801 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.41 || 0.39 || 0.36 || 0.32 || 0.29
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* No armour
* Fuel tanks in the fuselage

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, chin-mounted (250 rpg = 500 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)|SC1000L2 (1,000 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 3 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (750 kg total)
* 3 x 500 kg SC500K bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 1 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bomb (1,000 kg total)
* 1 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bomb + 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (1,500 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==


The standard bombs on the Ar 234 C-3 are the 3 x 250 kg bombs. You will have access to them even if your Arado is stock. The 3 x 500 kg bombs need to be researched first. Additionally, this variant of the Arado possesses 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, so one of the best ways to use your Ar 234 to ensure you can farm RP and SL for your modifications is:

1. Equip the 3 x 500 kg bombs and start the match at the air spawn point.

2. On maps such as Berlin, move to one of the enemy bases and drop your 3 x 500 kg bombs. 1.5 tonnes worth of bombs is not enough to destroy a base, so from there you have two options to choose from:

2.1 Go back to the airfield and get new bombs

If you choose to go back to the airfield to get new bombs, be aware that unfortunately, the Arado does not have any air brakes, which is a problem as it has particularly good energy retention and some pilots may find it hard to safely land.

When landing the Arado, decrease speed by turning before you reach the airfield (aim to be at 400 km/h or less) then align with the landing strip, activate your flaps and proceed with the landing. If using the landing gear, ensure that you are at extremely low speed before landing or that the landing strip is long enough to stop on. The Arado has extremely good energy retention and is very heavy, so it does take a long time to stop. You can land without gear, which, while obviously dangerous, offers a much better chance to stop in time on shorter landing strips. To do this, land flat on the belly and avoid allowing the wings to touch the ground before you stop moving.

2.2 Search for enemy targets

Once you have dropped your bombs, you can turn your sights to enemy aircraft; the Arado C-3 is quite capable as a fighter, especially in comparison to other German BR 7.0 jets. It doesn't suffer from the same issues as the Me 262, which lacks in power and once it loses energy, often struggles to regain it, or the Ho 229, which can rip its wings very easily in high-G manoeuvres. With the Arado, you won't encounter these kinds of problems, providing you don't attempt to turn fight. The Arado C-3 has the best climb rate of any BR 7.0 German jet. It also possesses a roll rate to rival the Me 262, so with your 4 powerful engines, you have everything you need to take on other jets. As such, once you've finished your bombing run, turn and climb towards the battlefield, and try to maintain altitude above other jets. Once you're reasonably high, pick vulnerable targets and dive in for a pass, taking a shot at them and then moving away to retain your energy. Avoid exceeding 750 km/h when stock, as the dive can become increasingly hard to slow. Once all modifications have been researched, however, the aircraft provides a reasonable amount of additional leeway before it encounters issues. If everything falls apart and you find yourself with fighters on your tail, try to keep accelerating if possible and try to lure the enemies toward your own teammates so that they can assist you.

'''Baiting:'''

The Ar 234 C-3 is a great jet bomber. With its 3,500 m spawn altitude, nice acceleration, energy retention and dive speed, you can easily become bait and set up enemies to be downed by your allies. To do so, climb to 4,000 m, en route to the enemy location, drop your bombs to lighten your load. Once in the vicinity of the enemy start to dive on them. The goal is to keep the enemy aircraft busy chasing you, however, if you happen to get behind one, don't be shy about introducing them to your cannons.

You can use cockpit periscope to check the type of enemy planes from a very high distance.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great overall fight performance, with high top speed and acceleration
* Very good climb rate, handling, and energy retention when fully upgraded, capable of dogfighting when needed
* Landing gear can handle speeds up to 400 km/h
* Durable flaps that can be used at speeds lower than 550 km/h, even in the landing flap configuration
* Four engines provides the much-needed speed increase from the previous model
* 2 x MG 151 20 mm cannons provide decent air-to-air performance
* Has periscope gunsight at top-right of the cockpit, aids in more effective targeting, helps you identify enemy aircraft types sooner

'''Cons:'''

* Atrocious stock grind; very low stock bomb load, and the default 20 mm belt has very poor damage output
* 20 mm has low muzzle velocity for a jet, can be difficult to aim while turning or at range
* Generally mediocre flight performance while stock; sluggish handling and acceleration, and it is hard to recover from dives in speeds beyond 750 km/h
* Pilot can be easily knocked out
* Low overall payload, which means that you only can destroy 1 enemy base with the heaviest payload
* Doesn't have air brakes, which when combined with the plane's very good energy retention can make landing potentially very dangerous
* No gunsight in the non-scoped cockpit, you have to rely on perception to aim
* 15k sl repair cost

== History ==

After successful tests were completed, the BMW 003 engine was deemed to be an improvement over the unreliable Junkers Jumo 004. The new generation of the Ar 234, the Ar 234 C, would be fitted with four BMW 003 engines with two mounted under each wing. In addition to the engine upgrade, the Ar 234 C also featured better cockpit visibility and better aerodynamics. This greatly increased the top speed and range of the 234 C over the B variant.

Despite the significant improvements, the Arado 234 C was built in very small numbers. Only around 14 Ar 234 Cs variants were built before the main production plant for Arado had to be destroyed. Fuel shortages, allied air supremacy, and more meant that only a mere handful of Ar 234s were even able to take to the skies. Out of the over 200 Ar 234s produced and delivered, less than 25% were in active service by the time the war was over. The Ar 234, especially the C variant, arrived far too late in the war to have any significant impact.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=arado-234c-3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|k-HKFXvopL8|'''Arado Blitz''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|GnkZaXRnPPI|'''Arado 234 C-3: Bullying Fighters''' - ''Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/262864-arado-ar-234-c-3/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Arado}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

UH-1D (Germany)

2024-03-22T19:57:38Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = German utility helicopter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = UH-1 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=uh_1d
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German utility helicopter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.83 "Masters of the Sea"]]. An icon of the Vietnam War, this upgraded Huey utility helicopter built under license by Dornier takes on its predecessors abilities and improves upon them in almost every way.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Heli-Flight}}

▀UH-1D is a utility helicopter first and foremost.This means that it is not built for speed nor agility.

However, compared to its contemporaries, such as [[Mi-4AV|Mi-4]], it is surprisingly fast (with only [[AH-1G]] being faster), thanks to its powerful Lycoming T53-L-13 turboshaft engine.

Engine provides 1,300 hp, making it the best performing engine in the [[UH-1 (Family)|Huey family]]. This allows the ▀UH-1D to reach speeds of almost 250 km/h while in stock configuration.

Its climb rate is also very good for its BR, 15 m/s when stock is twice as good as [[SA 313B Alouette II (Germany)|its predecessor]] and it even beats some older [[Mi-24 (Family)|Mi-24]] helicopters by 6 m/s.

In regards to its agility, it is average. While it is heavier than its predecessor and certainly not agile enough to perform barrel roll, it's good enough to perform defensive manoeuvres or lay its gun on targets.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - at sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 207 || 197 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}}
|-
! Upgraded
| 233 || 220
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Heli-Armour}}

Being designed as a utility helicopter, ▀UH-1D does not enjoy any defensive measures commonly found on dedicated attack helicopters, thus its survivability remains below average.

There's no armour plating nor ballistic glass, and having only one engine, any damage to it can prove to be fatal.

▀UH-1D has only two crew members, sitting side by side in the front of the helicopter. Due to the aforementioned lack of any armour or bulletproof glass, their survivability is quite poor.

▀UH-1D also has no defensive countermeasures found on modern helicopters. There are no flares nor IRCM, thus it is quite vulnerable to IR missiles. It also has no RWR (radar warning receiver) nor MAW (missile approach warning), relying purely on visual detection to detect incoming cannon fire and SAMs.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Players' main focus should be on getting the M156 AGM upgrade. This unlocks the ability to carry up to 6 [[AGM-22]] ATGMs. Those dramatically increases not only ▀UH-1D survivability, but also effectiveness against armoured targets. Thus it is preferable to start researching the IL.68.22.I module first, as the player needs only one tier I module to progress and this module is a prerequisite for SS.11 upgrade. After that, it's up to the player what to research next.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Heli-Armaments}}
While ▀UH-1D can research NVD modification, players should be of note that Huey lacks dedicated built-in ATGM optics. This means only pilot gets access to NVD, drastically limiting Huey's effectiveness during night battles.

Huey also lacks a ballistic computer, making its unguided rockets somewhat inaccurate at longer distances.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Heli-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="18%" | 1 !! width="18%" | 2
| rowspan="5" width="25%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_UH-1B_(Japan).png]]</div>
|-
! [[M134 Minigun (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M134 Minigun]] machine guns (1,500 rpg)
| 1 || 1
|-
! [[FFAR Mighty Mouse]] rockets
| 19 || 19
|-
! [[TDA]] rockets
| 22 || 22
|-
! [[AGM-22]] missiles
| 3 || 3
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* 38 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 44 x TDA rockets
* 2 x 7.62 mm M134 Minigun machine guns (1,500 rpg = 3,000 total)
* 6 x AGM-22 missiles
{{Navigation-End}}

'''FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets''' - stock armament available from the get go. They are launched in pairs and have up to 290 mm of penetration. They are also slightly faster than the TDA rockets and have slightly bigger explosive mass. Sadly their warhead is not powerful enough to cause indirect kills, meaning the player needs to land a hit directly on the enemy tank in order to take him out.

'''TDA rockets''' - tier I upgrade, these rockets offer slightly better penetration at cost of speed and explosive mass. Huey is also able to carry 6x more when compared to Mighty Mouse rockets.

'''7.62 mm M134 minigun''' - probably players best choice of weapon against other helicopters and planes. While having a high rate of fire, being of rifle calibre they present no threat to most ground vehicles (though they will decimate those few open-top vehicles that are encountered).

'''AGM-22 missiles''' - best weapon to deal with ground targets, ▀UH-1D can carry up to 6x of them. They are able to penetrate up to 600 mm of armour. There are not many tanks at ▀UH-1D's battle rating that carry reactive or composite armour, making them quite good. Their launch window is also huge, making the task of acquiring targets easier.

== Usage in battles ==

As with other helicopters, pilots should either adopt tactics of '''helicopter rush''' or '''sniping with ATGMs'''.

The longer the match goes on, the higher the chances of enemy AA appearing. This means the player's chance to successfully employ helicopter rush tactics gets lower as the match drags on, making helicopter rush viable only in the early game.

From mid to late game, player might want to go with the tactic of sniping with ATGMs, picking off targets from maximum possible distance.

'''Helicopter rush'''

'''Recommended loadout:''' Mighty Mouse or TDA rockets

It is entirely up to the player's preference which unguided rockets he picks, as both perform rather similarly.

'''Tactics:'''

Even with better armoured helicopters, using unguided rockets is always a gamble. Player needs to get close and personal with enemy ground vehicles - ▀UH-1D, lacking any sort of armour or countermeasures, is thus extremely vulnerable. Players success depends on whenever the enemy team has active AA. Thus it is better to helicopter rush at start of the battle rather than during, as there's smaller chance of enemy AA being present.

When helicopter rushing, player needs to approach the battlefield as low as possible, in order to avoid enemy radar and break line of sight by putting terrain, trees and structures between himself and the enemy. Players should select heliport spawn closer to the battlefield, and start approaching either enemy spawn or capture point; those areas have the highest chance of enemies being concentrated there.

Players should try to gain as much speed as possible before reaching their destination.

Once nearing 1 km distance from the objective, player should pull up and convert speed into attitude. While this will position player in the killzone of most dedicated AA vehicles in game, chances of those being active at the start of the match are low, and it will also position him to easily target roof armour of enemy vehicles, which is usually thin and not protected by ERA, allowing unguided rockets to slice right through it. Player should try to visually identify any AA vehicles and eliminate them first, as it increases his chance of survival.

While player can also attack similarly to the plane and fly ground level in order to avoid enemy AA, this tactic poses significant risk as most weapons carried by main battle tanks and IFVs can elevate high enough to target the player. Approaching helicopter '''will''' be heard before seen, as helicopters are loud, and more skilled players can determine helicopters direction from sound alone, allowing them to shoot helicopter down with machine guns and cannon fire as soon as it appears above the horizon. As ▀UH-1D lacks any armour, its survivability in this scenario is nearly non-existent.

'''ATGM sniping'''

'''Recommended loadout''': 6x AGM-22 missiles

Having greater capacity than its predecessor, this payload in theory enables an accurate player to score 6 kills at maximum. Though player must be aware that AGM-22 missiles are relatively slow and it might take time for them to reach their maximum range. Thus player should not waste their missiles at vehicles that are near cover as the enemy can leave his line of sight before the missile arrives.

'''Tactics:'''

Player should approach battlefield flying at low altitude, keeping distance of 3 km (maximum range of ATGMs). Bleed speed and start hovering. Finding any cover to hover behind and to break line of sight tremendously helps players survival - even trees can become extremely useful.

At ▀UH-1D BR, the biggest threat comes in the form of cannon SPAAGs, such as [[ZSU-23-4|Shilkas]]. Those have the same range as ▀UH-1D missiles, thus it is vital to stay vigilant at all times. 3km range should give the player enough time to dodge if he spots enemy SPAAG firing in his direction soon enough. Sadly, it is possible to meet AA armed with SAMs when uptiered - those pose an even bigger threat than cannon armed SPAAGs, as they give player little to no time to react due to their speed and accuracy.

Pop above the cover for a few seconds, launch a missile or two, then go back. Change position, rinse and repeat. Player should stay around an altitude of 25 m when not engaging enemy tanks. Helicopter at this altitude confuses tracking radar and search radar might not detect them at all. Also, proximity fuze of SAMs is disabled below 25 m. If player is higher and he detects incoming fire or SAM, he should try to duck below 25 m as fast as possible. Direct hit can and will obliterate ▀UH-1D, but those are harder to pull off when dodging.

Staying in one place not only helps the enemy team to locate helicopter sooner, but some tanks with laser range finders might be able to shoot hovering helicopter down with tank guns at a range of several kilometres, since they present almost static target.

Planes and other helicopters also pose significant threat to player as ▀UH-1D cannot equip guns together with any missiles - if plane is spotted, player should consider retreating, either to closest airfield or in the vicinity of friendly AA. If an enemy helicopter is spotted, player may attempt to shoot it down with ATGM if its close enough, but due to their relatively slow speed, misses are to be expected.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Able to carry 6 x AGM-22 ATGMs
* Able to carry unguided HEAT rockets with good penetration (which the predecessor [[SA.313B Alouette II (Germany)|Alouette II]] could not)
* Reasonably fast
* Very wide ATGM camera gimbal limits (110 degrees to each side horizontally and +10 to -70 vertically)
* Light weight allows helicopter to glide reasonably well, for a helicopter (glide ratio 4:1, 15° below horizon)
* Excellent joystick specific handling characteristics

'''Cons:'''

* Has a moderate tendency to nose over into an inverted dive
* Low redline speed (160 knots, 295 km/h),
* Helicopter is rather fat and long, therefore easy to hit
* Cannot equip any guns together with missile/rockets and the only gun modification allowed is the fixed M134 Minigun pods
* Night vision is essentially useless
* Lacks any sort of armour or countermeasures
* Stock unguided mighty mouse rockets.

== History ==

The United States Army identified in 1952 a need for a new general utility helicopter which could also serve as medical evacuation (MEDEVAC) and instrument training helicopter too. The current inventory of helicopters had several flaws which the Army wanted to overcome including being too large, underpowered or extremely complex to maintain. The Army wanted a workhorse that was easy to maintain and have a fairly small profile. Twenty companies participated in the bidding process and in 1955, Bell Helicopter was selected to build three copies of the Model 204 for evaluation, and this version was designated XH-40 (Experimental Helicopter-40).

The XH-40 was built with the Lycoming YT52-L-1 (LTC1B-1) turbo engine helicopter, the first non-piston helicopter tested by the military and first flew in 1956. Even before the prototype had flown, the Army put in an order for six YH-40 service test aircraft in which they could field test to determine how it would work under military unit operations. Proving successful, Bell was awarded a contract to build another 100 helicopters which were designated HU-1A (Helicopter Utility-1A) and hence was officially named ''Iroquois''. Iroquois ended up being a mouthful for people to say, so a nickname developed from the HU-1 designation which ended up being pronounced as ''Huey'' and stuck. In September 1962, the Department of Defense changed up the aircraft identification system to streamline between all of the different aircraft and their variations and changed the HU-1 to UH-1 (Utility Helicopter-1). Even with the change, the official Army name and the new DOD designation was rarely used as Huey was so well recognised as the name, that is what was to most people.

Unfortunately, with all of the positive feedback received for the YH-40, service tests performed by the Army found the T53-L-1A engine was found to be underpowered and could not perform to the level that was needed. Bell proposed to swap the T53-L-1A engine with the T53-L-5 engine, upping the shaft horsepower from 770 to 960 (570 kW to 720 kW) and extended the cabin to accommodate more people, up to 7 passengers or four stretchers and a medical attendant. The first production of the new helicopter UH-1B was delivered for service in 1961.

Several aerodynamic deficiencies of an armed UH-1B was explicitly identified not having enough engine power to lift the necessary weapons systems. The UH-1C was developed to overcome these problems by upgrading the helicopter with the T53-L-11 engine which had 1,100 shaft horsepower or 820 kW. The UH-1B helicopters which were in the service of the Army at the time were also upgraded with the new engine. Several adjustments were made to the UH-1C which included a new rotor-system, however, like many things which are upgraded, domino effect also requires other components and modules also to be updated. A larger diameter rotor was installed to counter blade stall during dives which required the tail boom to be extended and larger synchronized elevators to be added. While operating in military operations, it was determined necessary to add a redundant hydraulic control system to allow for continued operation in the event of a failure in one system. Larger fuel tanks allowed for further range with the total useful load capacity topping out at 4,673 lbs (2,120 kg). Mid-1966 saw the line production of the fully upgraded UH-1C helicopter.

Huey model 204 helicopters were a huge success and were put to use in several different capacities. However, the Army wanted another version which facilitated the carrying of more troops which spawned the Model 205. Bell adjusted by extending the HU-1B's fuselage by a total of 41 in (104 cm), boxed in the transmission and was able to add four more seats, two on each side of the transmission box facing out the side doors. With the side doors being easily removable, options to fly without doors made for quick loading and unloading of the helicopter which could now accommodate 15 persons, including the crew and could now hold six stretchers and a medic. First flown in 1961, the 205 took on many of the same upgrades as the UH-1C including the T53-L-11 which enabled usage of multiple types of fuel. Prototypes of this helicopter were designated YUH-1D, and the final assembly line aircraft was called the UH-1D.

This helicopter while still under evaluation the Army sent it to Vietnam in 1962 where it began operations. Initially only required as a general utility, MEDEVAC, and an instrument trainer, this helicopters role also expanded to include but not limited to air assault, cargo transport, search and rescue, electronic warfare and eventually ground attack.

During the Vietnam War, the UH-1 earned several other nicknames other than "Huey" which quickly identified to troops what role the helicopter had been outfitted for. Gunship versions of the UH-1s were identified as ''Frogs'' or ''Hogs'' if they carried rockets while if they just carried guns, they were identified as ''Cobras''. Troop transport versions were called ''Slicks'' due to weapon pods being absent on the external pylons while they did retain their door gunners. Later in the war from 1967 to 1968, the gunship Huey's were replaced by the new [[AH-1G|AH-1]] attack helicopters.

The success of the Iroquois helicopters did not go unnoticed by allies of the United States. When the USA released the UH-1D model, the West German government agreed to purchase a license to manufacture the latest Iroquois helicopters at German factories, particularly those of the Dornier company. Between February 1967 and the end of 1981, German aircraft manufacturers constructed 352 UH-1D helicopters.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uh_1d Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:UH-1D Germany WTWallpaper 001.jpg
File:UH-1D Germany WTWallpaper 002.jpg
File:UH-1D Germany WTWallpaper 003.jpg
File:UH-1D Germany WTWallpaper 004.jpg
File:UH-1D Germany WTWallpaper 005.jpg
File:UH-1D Germany WTWallpaper 006.jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|_xUPs-rPK3g|'''UH-1 Huey Ultimate Guide''' - ''Bob Dickinson''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the helicopter;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5833-development-uh-1d-the-german-iroquois-helicopter-en|[Devblog] UH-1D: The German Iroquois Helicopter]]

{{AirManufacturer Dornier}}
{{Germany helicopters}}

M109G

2024-03-14T15:49:11Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
|about = German tank destroyer '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage = other versions
|link = M109 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_m109g
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Kings of Battle"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

Similar to all other vehicles in the [[M109 (Family)|M109 family]], the M109G lacks for armour whatsoever, and will only stop light machine gun rounds. Although, on paper, the vehicle is protected by ~30 mm of armour frontally, it being made of aluminium reduces its effectiveness. Strafing aircraft, even those with only .50 cals, will be deadly to the M109.

The SPH has a generous 6 crew member count, five in the turret and one in the hull. Thanks to the gigantic gun breech, the turret crew sits far apart, with the gunner sitting on the left (from rear POV). Thus, a penetrating hit from AP/APHE shells will rarely one-shot you. They will most likely take out the large breech or destroy the gun barrel instead, far worse than losing a few crew members. Thankfully, the driver and engine sit away from the turret, oftentimes allowing you to escape after suffering a hit. Other HE/HEAT slingers, though (e.g. [[M109A1]], [[2S1]]), will perforate your vehicle no matter what. Overall, try not to be hit, and break cover only to fire.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 98 mm || 32 mm ''Top'' 32 mm ''Bottom'' || 32 mm || 10 - 33 mm
|-
| Turret || 37 - 44 mm ''Turret front'' 34 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 36 mm || 32 - 37 mm || 6 - 32 mm
|-
| Cupola || 33 mm || 32 mm || 34 mm || 33 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=575|rbMinHp=358}}

The M109G is sufficiently fast to allow it to be able to get to a position in time, without being flanked immediately by other, faster tanks. The M109G does feature neutral steering, which allows it to turn in place which helps its agility when turning. The M109G's turning is also decent enough for the job.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Like with all ground vehicles, always research parts first. Proceed, then, to mitigate the terrible turret traverse with "Horizontal Drive" and (if you so desire) "Tracks". An improved "Brake System" and "Suspension" will help the gun stabilize faster. At Tier III, prioritize "Elevation Mechanism" for even better gun controls. Then, research smoke screen, or skip to engine upgrades.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M126E1 (155 mm)}}

What makes the M109G so lethal is its gun: a huge 155 mm howitzer. Being a cold-war invention, the gun can fire HE rounds with 9 kilograms of TNT equivalent. When properly aimed, it will take out any tank, up to top-tier MBTs. To do so, aim at either the lower turret face or turret top to destroy the weak roof armour on tanks. Refrain from shooting the hull, as tracks will frequently absorb the round, or pure armour will prevent it from dealing damage. The stock HE shell should be your main choice.

There is an unlockable HE-VT round that can be utilized against planes, but its mere 3 metre trigger radius and low velocity discourages an AA play style. Another option, the M110 shell, will deploy a smoke screen wherever it lands. On other tanks, this may be useful in certain situations, but the long reload time, and the fact that HE shells do not lose penetration over range, makes firing smoke questionable at best.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M126E1 (155 mm)|155 mm M126E1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 28 || rowspan="2" | -3°/+70° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | - || 9.7 || 13.4 || 16.3 || 18.0 || 19.1 || rowspan="2" | 17.29 || rowspan="2" | 15.30 || rowspan="2" | 14.10 || rowspan="2" | 13.30
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 6.5 || 7.7 || 9.4 || 10.3 || 11.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:M126E1 (155 mm)/Ammunition|M107, M107 (PF), M110}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''28''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|MG3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

A main feature that separates the M109G from most others in the [[M109 (Family)|M109 family]] is the lack of a .50 cal defensive MG. Instead, a low-calibre 7 mm is present, offering little protection against planes. Never rely on this gun, and certainly do not fire at planes with this (unless they are diving at you), since it will attract their attention to a juicy target.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm MG3A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 2,000 (200) || 1,200 || -10°/+50° || ±180°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

Originally designed to provide heavy fire support for armoured forces by the United States Army, the M109G should be played in a similar role in War Thunder. Stick close to allies, and act as manually-aimed artillery, engaging enemies while they are distracted.

It is advised not to engage in a sniping engagement with other tanks, especially if you have the high ground. Due to the poor gun depression and difficult to master shell arc, it is extremely difficult to hit enemies at range. Instead, attempt to target enemies at medium to short range, preferably with immediate cover available after firing. Utilize the reverse speed to back away from cover, exposing only your turret, and fire. Never attempt to brawl on this vehicle; an inadequate turret traverse, coupled with painfully long reload speed, reduces your ability to quickly react.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Quite mobile with good reverse speed
* Smoke grenades can cover you whilst reloading
* Thin armour
** Most APHE shells won't fuse
** Most AP derivatives won't create sufficient spalling
* Powerful armament, can one-shot anything
* Neutral steering
* The commander mounted [[MG3A1 (7.62 mm)]] has an extremely fast fire rate making it effective against closeby flying aircraft

'''Cons:'''

* Only -3° gun depression
* Slow turret traverse speed
* Almost nonexistent armour
** .50 cal's and above can pen turret (Even though the armor value is 32mm)
* Long reload
* Slow shell velocity and average optics zoom making it hard for sniping
* No .50 cal HMG

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[M109 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8537-development-m109-the-king-of-battle-en|[Devblog] M109: The King of Battle]]

{{Germany tank destroyers}}

VS-8

2024-03-09T01:16:12Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_vs8_hydrofoil
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} German minelayer {{Battle-rating}}. It was originally available during a short [[wt:en/news/5880-special-fleet-minefield-ahead-try-out-the-vs-8-en|event testing out naval mines]], but was unobtainable until it returned in [[Update "Red Skies"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

[[File:VS-8 Armour.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]]
The VS-8 has a steel hull which is 4 mm thick, with a wooden superstructure 10 mm thick. The only protection comes from its speed, firepower and having the ship spaced out. It features 22 sailors with the ship split into three sections.

* The bow houses only the forward turret & front turret ammunition storage.
* The midship contains the two midship turrets, the aft turret, ammunition storage for aft & midship, both fuel tanks, both engines, water pumps, radio station and the bridge.
* The stern only contains the 16 EMC mines & both ships rudders.

[[File:VS-8 Armour2.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]]

A major weakness is the location of the critical machinery which is only placed in the midship section. Due to the design of the VS-8, it could not be spread throughout the ship due to her size. The midship may look big compared to other ships but it is indeed very small. It does not have a lot of space. Any ship that has a cannon and uses a HE round, only focuses fire on the midships can cause the VS-8 to become disabled then knocked out with only a few blows.

Survivability increases when the mines are not carried on the stern: a single hit with a HE round or a round that penetrates and detonates one of the 16 mines will see the ship be annihilated.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

[[File:VS-8 Mobility.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]]
The VS-8 is a large but fast ship, with top speeds up to 101 km/h in arcade and 76 km/h in realistic battles. It displaces 98 tons whereas the US. Patrol Torpedo boats displace 38 tons and the Soviet Project 187 class boats displace 157 tons.
When turning sharp the VS-8 can wobble, when this happens allow it to do it. Compensating for the wobble will just increase it. The only issue with the wobble is that it prevents the ship from firing accurately on the target.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|MG 151 (15 mm)}}
[[File:VS-8 Main armament.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]]
Its four 15 mm MG 151 make quick work of any enemy ships and aircraft, when the ship is broadside to the enemy vessel only three of her four turrets can be aimed on the target. When sailing towards the enemy ships at high speeds due to the hydrofoil design, only the front turret will be able to be used the other the other two turrets placed mid ships are unable to depress low enough. The hydrofoil causes the front of the ship to raise above the water, like a kite flying in the sky.

Even when the ship is at a full stop and has settled on the ocean waves, only two of her turrets can be used when firing flat on the horizon, this is due to the location of the ship's captain. The two cannons are placed midship, they cannot fire forward together since their crosshairs would shoot the captain. The two midship turrets are placed behind the captain, with the captain standing on the bridge just in front of them. Thus, the captain is blocking the gun sights.
If the ship is a large ship such like a destroyer or a minesweeper the three cannons can cause mayhem on the unsuspecting ship. However, the cannons alone won't normally be enough to sink a destroyer.
Her four turrets can only be used together when an aircraft flies over. Due to the design of the VS-8, her four turrets cannot be used together to engage a surface target.

The VS-8 offers a reload of up to 10 seconds, they are equipped with three different belts, these belts are:

* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF|High-explosive fragmentation}}
* '''15 mm HEIT belts:''' {{Annotation|HEF|High-explosive fragmentation}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF|High-explosive fragmentation}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}
* '''15 mm APIT belts:''' {{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF|High-explosive fragmentation}}

{{:MG 151 (15 mm)/Ammunition|HEF naval, API-T naval, HEFI-T* naval}}

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|EMC mine}}

This ship carries 16 EMC moored contact mines, each one weighing 1,100 kg, with a total weight of 17,600 kg. Each mine contains 300 kg of explosive. The explosive mass is equal to 384 kg TNT, giving the minelayer a total delivery of 6,144 Kg TNT. These mines only explode when something hits them, such as a boat, cannon, or machine gun fire. The mines are visible when they are dropped, they can be seen bobbing around in the water like a buoy, they can be destroyed by enemy fire or by contact with an enemy vessel.

The mines are dropped individually, they can not all be dropped in one go. When one mine has been dropped another moves down the ramp to replace it. Only after it has reached the end of the ramp can the next mine be dropped.

== Usage in battles ==

[[File:VS-8 Usage in battles.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]]

The VS-8 has two main playstyles: with mines and without them. Each playstyle provides an unique experience for this lightning fast ship.

'''With Mines'''

Mines provide two gameplay options:

# Drop the mines and hope a ship runs over them.
# Drop the mines, wait for a ship to pass it then shoot the mine, if the ship is close enough it will cause the ship to explode.

Using the VS-8 as a minelayer can cause the enemy team to play defensively and cautiously. To do this, when spawned into the match head full speed to either capture point and cover the zone with mines. The biggest issue with the VS-8 is, when she carries her mines, a single shot from a destroyer cannon on one of the mines on the ramp will cause it to explode and sink the minelayer.

If getting close to the capture points feels too risky, head towards the enemy spawn zones, and in between their spawn and the capture points lay the mines. The enemy ships will be focused on rushing to the capture points, they will not be paying much attention to the water and thus will run into the mines then only realise when it's too late that they have entered a minefield.
In case the enemy ships do notice, start to turn, but are very close to the mine, you can fire at the mine, the VS-8 MG 151's will cause the mine to explode and thus destroy the ships.

If engaging an enemy destroyer which has not noticed the VS-8, come along side the side the guns are not facing then overtake it and drop a single mine or two in its path. As soon as her bow runs over the mine, boom she goes. Another option is to lay some mines beside the enemy ship and then withdraw but shoot the mines as the VS-8 is withdrawing and watch her explode. Once the mines have all been used, the VS-8 can be used as a lightning fast gun ship to reap havoc onto the enemy team.

'''Without Mines'''

Without mines installed, the VS-8 becomes an gunship, its lighting fast speed, its four MG 151 cannons, and its good manoeuvrability at high speed allow for it to sneak up to the capture points and take them before the enemy. It also allows for the ship to set up ambushes by heading full speed into places that conceal the ship i.e. caves, buildings, behind walls or rocks.
One of the competitive advantages of the VS-8 is its size, since the ship is long most enemy players will shoot its aft section. When the mines have not been equipped, most of the bullets will pass though the ship since this section is empty and contains no critical elements. The only rounds that will cause a major issue are HE rounds since they explode on or just after contact with a surface. Even a few shots could penetrate the rear ammunition storage room, which is located in the mid-section and set it off.
The VS-8 is a great coastal ship hunter in this configuration, the lack of mines allows for it to get close without the fear of detonating without warning in combat.

'''How to defeat another VS-8 in combat'''

The major weakness of the VS-8 is its midship section that contains all the vital elements: bridge, crew, radio, engine and ammunition rooms. A few well placed shots here will knock out the ship with even a single HE round from a large- or medium-size calibre cannon will destroy the ship.
The VS-8 has its ammunition rooms split into two: one at the back of the midship and one located just in the front in the bow section. A single powerful HE round, or a focused salvo of API or a time-fused HE round entering the ammunition rooms will cause the ship to explode.
The majority of the crew is located in the midship section, along with all the midship turrets, aft turret, ammunition storage for all turrets, fuel tanks, both engines, water pumps, radio station and the bridge. Spraying machine gun bullets or autocannon rounds in this one section will knock out the ship.
If the VS-8 has her mines installed, load a HE round and fire at the aft section of the ship. If the ship doesn't have a large or medium cannon with a HE round, focus fire on the midship and before the VS-8 can react the ship will be knocked out of action.

'''Major threats'''

* [[PG 02]], [[Sparviero]], any Fairmile D ([[Fairmile D (601)|601]], [[Fairmile D (617)|617]], [[Fairmile D (697)|697]], [[Fairmile D (5001)|5001]]), SGB boats ([[SGB Grey Fox|S304]], [[SGB Grey Goose|S309]]) & [[GIS 811]] : these ships sport quick firing autocannons, high-speed low-profile engagements, which make detecting these ships almost impossible until it's too late. Their armaments are able to shred the VS-8 apart and any hit in midships will cause the VS-8 to be knocked out.
* Destroyers: the VS-8 can be a menace to any destroy but it will only take a single hit with one of their main guns to the midship to destroy the VS-8.
* Fighter aircraft: any fighter is able to strafe and knock out the crew which are located in mid and bow sections. If the VS-8 has mines on the stern a single rocket or bomb hit will detonate them all sending the VS-8 by the bottom.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* Very fast with speeds up to 101 km/h in AB, 76 km/h in RB & SB
* Great firepower, four MG 151 cannons with 8,000 rounds of ammo
* Carries 16 EMC mines, able to sink destroyers with a single hit
* Tall profile allows for the gunners to shoot over walls, which smaller ships cannot do
* Very long: most players will shoot at the aft, if equipped without mines most bullets and AP rounds will pass harmlessly through the ship.
* Hydrofoil design allows for torpedoes to pass under it, as long as it doesn't hit one of the rudders, propeller shafts or the hydrofoil fin

'''Cons:'''

* Has no armour plates
* All the critical components are placed in the midship, a few well-placed shots with HE or AP will see the VS-8 get knocked out fast
* An EMC mine exploding on the ramp will cause the VS-8 to explode
* Only has 4 x 15 mm MG 151 cannons whereas the VS-10 has 6
* Turrets cannot depress low enough to defend herself, when underway any enemy ship that get very close cannot be engaged and will leave this ship exposed to be being destroyed
* Mines are rarely useful

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_vs8_hydrofoil Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:VS-8 Media01.jpg
File:VS-8 Media02.jpg
File:VS-8 Media04.jpg
File:VS-8 Media05.jpg
File:VS-8 Media06.jpg
File:VS-8 Media07.jpg
File:VS-8 Media08.jpg
File:VS-8 Media09.jpg
File:VS-8 Media10.jpg
File:VS-8 Schell I above view.jpg
File:VS-8 Schell I rear view.jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|shC9_qsL1hg|'''Quickie - Mines and the VS-8"''' - ''Oxy''|sL225L4PLRI|'''VS-8 "Schell I"''' - ''TheEuropeanCanadian''}}

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5880-special-fleet-minefield-ahead-try-out-the-vs-8-en|[Special] Minefield Ahead! Try out the VS-8!]]

{{ShipManufacturer Sachsenberg-Werke}}
{{Germany boats}}
{{Germany premium ships}}

M41A1

2024-01-29T16:44:58Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = American light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = M41 Walker Bulldog (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=us_m41_walker_bulldog
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==


Following the experience of using light tanks in World War II, the US wanted a more airmobile light tank armed with a high-velocity 76 mm cannon to allow the vehicle to better fend for itself. The design became designated as the ''M41'' with the nickname "Walker Bulldog", named after General Walton Walker who died during the Korean War. Further improvements led to the '''M4A1A1''' variant with hydraulic turret traverse system and more ammo stowage. Despite being considered an improvement over the preceding M24 Chaffee, the M41 was still too heavy for airmobile operations, especially for an air-drop. The M41 would still see use in the US and its allies, but would become replaced by the [[M551]].

Introduced alongside the entire American ground tech tree in [[Update 1.45 "Steel Generals"]], the M41A1 is a light tank that gives a very powerful punching 76 mm M32 gun, especially with its APDS ammunition. The good mobility, low profile and high firepower makes the M41A1 ideal as a scout and flanker for the team. The M41A1 has a relatively low top speed so it may not be the fastest vehicle get to a destination. However, it has a high acceleration which means that the M41 can get to its top speed pretty quickly for speedy advances or retreats.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet, Lower glacis)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 28.5 mm (49°) ''Front glacis'' 63.5 mm (33-37°) ''Lower glacis'' || 28.5 mm || 28.5 mm (46°) ''Top'' 25.4 mm (1°) ''Middle'' 25.4 mm (20°) ''Bottom'' || 12.7 mm
|-
| Turret || 44.4 mm (11-13°) ''Turret front'' 50.8 mm (2-43°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 31.75 mm (1°) || 31.75 mm (1°) || 12.7 mm
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels, bogies, and tracks are 15 mm thick.
* An extra 12.7 mm RHA metal plate is present on the right side of the turret near the pintle 7.62 mm machine gun.
* A 4 mm Structural steel box is present, mounted on the vehicle rear turret.

There aren't any specific targets worth noting as the M41A1 will be hurt by pretty much anything. Be extra careful with [[:Category:Anti-aircraft_vehicles|SPAAs]] as they can knock out the Walker Bulldog's components with ease and even destroy the tank.

If at all possible, try only to expose the turret. If using the terrain to the M41A1's advantage, it'll usually be able to fire one to three shots, then start moving forwards and backwards, thus making it a lot harder for the enemy to hit the tank. Generally, the M41A1 be able to get in two shots on most targets before they can fire back, and the M41A1 accelerates from 0 to 30 km/h fast enough to become a hard target to hit if only the turret is exposed!

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=775|rbMinHp=442}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M32 (76 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M32 (76 mm)|76 mm M32]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 65 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | - || 22.8 || 31.6 || 38.4 || 42.5 || 45.2 || rowspan="2" | 7.67 || rowspan="2" | 6.79 || rowspan="2" | 6.25 || rowspan="2" | 5.90
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.3 || 16.8 || 20.4 || 22.6 || 24.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:M32 (76 mm)/Ammunition|M339 shot, M352 shell, M319 shot, M331A2 shot, M361}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''65''' || 45 ''(+20)'' || 12 ''(+53)'' || 1 ''(+64)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* Rack 3 is a first stage ammo rack. It totals 11 shells and gets filled first when loading up the tank.
* This rack is also emptied early: the rack depletion order at full capacity is: 3 - 1 - 2.
* If you pack 15 ''(+50)'' shells, it will keep most of the hull empty of ammo.
* Full reload speed will be realized as long as shells are available in the ready rack 3. If the ready rack is empty, a penalty to reload speed will occur.
* Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from racks 1-3 into rack 3. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready rack.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 2,200 (200) || 575 || -10°/+70° || ±60°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 5,000 (250) || 500 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

Like the tanks that come before it, the Bulldog should be used as a rapid-deployment support vehicle in conjunction with heavier vehicles like the [[T32|T32]]. It is best used to run rapid insertion and flanking operations while allowing the heavier tanks to absorb the brunt of the enemy attack. The Walker Bulldog works well with [[M26|M26 Medium tanks]] as the M26 has a harder hitting gun to support the light tank's advance, but the M41A1 maintains a much better climb rate for hills and a much faster acceleration. The Bulldog's top speed does cap off-road, requiring good knowledge of the map to make the most of the terrain.

Always remember that the Bulldog lacks any effective armour. In a frontal attack, it will be easily penetrated by almost anything the enemy throws at it. Try to use the terrain to hide the tank and relocate after shots. Also, attempt to engage targets who are busy or already engaged with teammates. The Bulldog's 76 mm gun has great penetration, but due to the solid shot armour-piercing rounds it has it is necessary to make each shot count by hitting either ammo racks or fuel tanks/engines to disable and or destroy an enemy vehicle. Equipping HVAP rounds, later on, makes it easier to destroy vehicles with better side armour such as the [[IS-3]] which has a fairly strong side profile. Finally, avoid using the APCR rounds unless the APDS module has not yet been unlocked.

===Tactics===
The Bulldog is best playing a mobile role; trail the outskirts of the map and take shots at the enemy from a distance and keep relocating. Don't stand still for too long as one or two hits are usually enough to completely disable the tank.

While playing this tank, the biggest concern should be not to get hit by anything. Given its thin armour, anything that the Bulldog is facing will be able to deal heavy damage. In summary, the Bulldog is a very manoeuvrable tank and with practice is a very potent threat to enemies. In this sense, it plays a similar role to the previous M18 and M24 light tanks but with a much faster turret traverse and access to APDS.

If up against heavy tanks, such as the [[Tiger II (H)|Tiger II H]], don't bother trying to hit its front chassis armour even with APDS. The chances to penetrate this tank's upper glacis are very low. It is better to try and either ignoring him or aiming for his lower glacis and turret. Should the round penetrate the lower glacis, the transmission is likely to catch on fire. When attacking the turret, aim for the gunner on the left (player's right) of the gun. After that, disengage as the gunner will be replaced faster than the M41A1 can reload. Fighting off heavily armoured targets takes a lot of practice, but the gun's accuracy and good penetration can be used to the M41A1's advantage. Ambushing tanks as such as the Panther V series which many variants have slow slew rates will be highly effective as you can get two-three shots off and disable the gunner when you get a flank.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Extremely agile and responsive tank with quick acceleration, neutral steering, and reverse
* Good top speed of 72 km/h (average speed is more around 35-40 km/h)
* Fast turret traverse and reload rate
* Respectable firepower:
** AP is highly lethal to most tanks of all-tiers post pen
** APDS has high muzzle velocity, easy-to-hit targets at longer ranges & more heavily armoured targets
* Good suspension; can drive away from steep downhills and jumps
* .50 cal AA machine gun with good coverage
* Has access to night vision devices (NVD) for the driver (while in third-person view or driver view)
* Has access to duplicate commander fire control and sights, allowing the commander to fire the gun even when the gunner is knocked out

'''Cons:'''

* Cannot reach speeds 50 km/h unless moving downhill
* Thin armour is still thick enough to trigger most APHE/APCBC shell fuses
* NVD is not available for the gunner or commander
* Ammo storage in the front, next to the driver
** This can be mitigated by not taking more than 15 rounds
* No APHE shells that can be quite handy at times
* Lackluster post-pen damage with APDS
* Large size for a light tank
* Lacks a stabilizer
* Lacks smoke grenades

== History ==

===Development===
The U.S. Army light tank in the later part of World War II, the [[M24|M24 Chaffee]], was a promising design but was deemed not effective for the future of armour encounters. Though its role as a scout was seen as needing the 75 mm gun, the army wanted a tank with a better gun to have a more equal chance against tanks. The project began as the T37 program in 1947 with the focus of being air-transportable with an anti-tank capability in the form of a 76 mm gun and a rangefinder. The adoption of a simplified rangefinder had the project designation changed to the T41. After testings and evaluations, the T41 model was accepted into service as the M41 Little Bulldog, with production starting at Cadillac Cleveland Tank Plant in 1951. The name Little Bulldog stayed until General Walton Walker, the first commander of the 8th US Army in Korea, died in a car accident, so the tank was renamed into the '''M41 Walker Bulldog''' in remembrance. Production went from 1953 to somewhere in the late 1960s with about 3,728 units produced.

The M41 light tank would go on to replace the M24 Chaffees by 1953. The M41 had a crew of four, commander, gunner, loader, and driver. The tank had a profile of under 9 feet and 19 feet long. The tank was lightweight at 23.5 tons and thus had rather thin armour, with the front armour only 25.4 mm thick (sloped at 60 degrees for about 50 mm effective). However, the tank was very agile with its torsion bar suspension and Continental AOS 895-3 series 6-cylinder gasoline engine of 500 hp which could deliver a road speed of 45 mph with a 100 miles operating range. Unfortunately, the tank was criticized for being noisy, a fuel-guzzler, rather heavy, and the American crewman found the Bulldog's interior to be quite cramped. Despite that, it delivered speed, firepower, and reliability in a light tank format. Several upgrades were made on the M41 with better technology, the M41A1 had a hydraulic turret traverse with more ammo storage, the M41A2 had a new fuel system, and the M41A3 are old M41A1 tanks with the new fuel system from the M41A2.

===Combat usage===
The M41 Walker Bulldog first saw use in Korea in a limited combat run. The tanks, still labelled their experimental designation T41, were sent for field testing on design deficiencies. It is unknown what other purposes they served there except for the tests. Their first major conflict once adopted by the U.S. Army was in Vietnam, mainly by replacing the M24 Chaffees in service with the South Vietnamese army (ARVN) at the time. The M41A3 tanks arrived in January 1965 and were instantly popular; not only for their advantages, but the previously cramped interior for American crews were actually a perfect fit for the smaller Vietnamese armour crewman. The Bulldog went on to fight in the Vietnam War as a reliable war machine. The Bulldog had an advantage due to its lightweight in manoeuvring in the jungle terrain of the region. In 1971, Operation Lam Son 719, the disruption of the North Vietnamese Army supply lines had the M41 Bulldogs play a major role, accompanied by two airborne battalions and two cavalry regiments. Penetrating deep into enemy lines, the 17 M41 tanks engaged and destroyed six Soviet-designed [[T-54 (1951)|T-54 tanks]] and other lighter armoured vehicles. This engagement came at a loss of 5 M41 and 25 armoured personnel carriers. By 1973, the ARVN still used about 200 M41 tanks while the transition of the American unit over to the M48A3 Patton tanks in Europe and Stateside. The M41 light tanks were also exported to various other countries. Today, Guatemala, Somalia, Taiwan, Uruguay, and Vietnam still use the M41 Walker Bulldog, some via upgrading the tanks to extend their service life.

The M41 Walker Bulldog design was advanced for the time, giving a relatively lightweight tank the firepower to take on other tanks of its time period. The chassis was even used on the [[M42|M42 Duster]] Anti-Air gun and the M75 Armored Personnel Carrier. The drive, engine, transmission, and auxiliary engine also were used in the M44/M52 155 howitzer. By 1969, the US Army began replacing the M41 with the newer [[M551|M551 Sheridan Armored Airborne Reconnaissance Assault Vehicle]] (officially not a "light tank") which had a [[M81 (152 mm)|152 mm cannon]] that could fire shells and [[Anti-tank_guided_missiles|anti-tank missiles]]. The M551 Sheridan could be used in roles that the M41 Walker Bulldog couldn't do, such as be air-dropped and amphibious but was rather unreliable. This made the M41 Walker Bulldog to be the last American "light tank" produced and the last made before the classification between tank classes based on weight and role ended.

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
In 1946 the Americans began looking for a replacement for the M24 Chaffee. The design for the new tank was to lean on experiences drawn from the Second World War.

In 1953 deliveries of the M41 Walker Bulldog to the US army began, with 5,500 units ultimately released.

The M41 Walker Bulldog featured a traditional layout with a welded hull and rationally sloped frontal plates. The turret was welded from cast and rolled armor elements. The running gear on each side was made up of five road wheels and three track return rollers in addition to guiding and leading wheels. The road wheels were independent of the torsion bar suspension, while the suspension for the first, second, and fifth rollers was equipped with hydraulic shock absorbers. The 500 hp air-cooled Continental AOS-895-3 engine featured a fire extinguishing system.

The tank's armament consisted of a 76 mm M32 cannon, a coaxial 7.62 mm Browning M1919A4E1 machine gun, and a turret-mounted 12.7 mm Browning M2HB anti-aircraft gun. The weapon was not stabilized and was equipped with a muzzle brake to reduce recoil. The battle compartment featured 24 rounds for fast reloading, along with 33 more in the tank hull that were only accessible when the turret was rotated hard to the rear.

Practice showed that the new tanks were poorly suited for reconnaissance, and their heavy weight and large dimensions made them just as difficult to transport as medium tanks. Those removed from active duty were quickly handed over and sold to allies and dependent governments.

M41 Walker Bulldogs saw combat in Austria, Argentina, Belgium, Brazil, the UK, North (captured) and South Vietnam, Guatemala, and Greece.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=us_m41_walker_bulldog Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/3018/current/|[Vehicle Profile] M41 Walker Bulldog [Decal Included]]]

{{USA light tanks}}

IS-4M

2024-01-29T16:19:27Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_is_4m
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''IS-4M''' is an improved modification of the fourth variant of the IS heavy tank family. Like the [[IS-3]], the IS-4 (designation Object 701) was intended to replace the [[IS-2]]. The IS-4 was designed to be the pride of the Soviet Army, with extremely thick armour, a weight of 53 tonnes, and a 750 horsepower V-12 diesel engine capable of reaching speeds of up to 43 km/h. Despite being an upgrade to the IS-2, it never offered much to the table, particularly when compared to the IS-3, a lighter, faster, and cheaper tank that had stunned the Western world only a few years previously. The IS-4, most importantly, used the same 122 mm D-25T tank gun as the IS-2 and IS-3. Production began in March 1947 and stopped in 1949, as any work on tanks weighing more than 50 tonnes was to be terminated. The tank proved to be too heavy, sluggish, and poorly built. IS-4M, a small batch of 25 units with some enhancements, was constructed in 1951. Only 258 units were built in total.

Introduced in the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before Update 1.41, the IS-4M is an immediate successor of the IS-3, and it has even greater armour, making it difficult for many opponents to penetrate from the front. Needless to say, this tank is nearly invulnerable to conventional ammunition from the front. Unfortunately, the main armament remains the same 122 mm D-25T tank gun used on all prior IS heavy tank variants beginning with the IS-2, and at this rank, it simply feels inadequate sometimes. The gameplay differs slightly from its predecessor in that angling can work, but it must be done properly. A small angle will enhance the hull armour all around from the frontal perspective. Furthermore, since it is substantially heavier, the IS-4M is less manoeuvrable, making it difficult to play in faster-paced battles in higher ranks.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


The IS-4M has very good armour although a very cramped crew compartment. Most shots will not be able to penetrate its frontal armour, and the turret is also very tricky to penetrate from the sides. However the crammed crew is very vulnerable to any shot that manages to penetrate, and in those situations surviving a hit is very unlikely.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull, Turret roof, Hatch roof)
* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 140 mm (62°) ''Front glacis'' 160 mm (40°) ''Lower glacis'' 160 mm (34-77°) ''Driver's port'' 40 mm (44-87°) ''Top of Driver's port''|| 160 mm (30-53°) ''Top'' 160 mm ''Middle'' 30 mm (61°) ''Bottom'' || 100 mm (37°) ''Top'' 30 mm (80°) ''Middle'' 100 mm (31-39°) ''Bottom'' || 30 mm
|-
| Turret || 200-250 mm (2-89°) ''Turret front'' 200 mm (0-65°) , 170 + 250 mm (2-61°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 200 mm (3-40°) || 150 (62-72°) ''Top'' 170 mm (21-49°) ''Bottom'' || 30 mm ''Front, Hatch roof, Ventilators'' 50 mm ''Front sides'' 170 mm ''Center''
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick, torsion bars are 10 mm thick, and tracks are 30 mm thick.
* Very angled turret, prone to bounce shots

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=968|rbMinHp=663}}

The increased weight of the IS-4M compared to the [[IS-3]] means a decrease in overall mobility. Its top speed is quite mediocre and the tank suffers in harsh terrain; while the reverse speed is good, its acceleration is not the best. Overall, it's not very mobile, even for a heavy tank.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|D-25T (122 mm)}}

The IS-4M retains the the same 122 mm D-25T cannon found in the [[IS-2]]. It's a very capable cannon, with a good damage output and good penetration values for its BR-471D shell. However this means that its reload rate is very low, with 27 seconds when stock and 20.8 seconds with an Aced crew. That means that, even in a best case scenario, it's not capable of firing more than 3 shots per minute.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[D-25T (122 mm)|122 mm D-25T]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 30 || rowspan="2" | -3°/+19° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 8.1 || 11.2 || 13.6 || 15.0 || 16.0 || rowspan="2" | 27.04 || rowspan="2" | 23.92 || rowspan="2" | 22.05 || rowspan="2" | 20.80
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 6.0 || 7.0 || 8.5 || 9.4 || 10.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:D-25T (122 mm)/Ammunition|BR-471, BR-471B, BR-471D, OF-471}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! Ammo part
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''30''' || ''Projectiles'' ''Propellants'' || 29 ''(+1)'' 29 ''(+1)'' || 24 ''(+6)'' 24 ''(+6)'' || 19 ''(+11)'' 19 ''(+11)'' || 14 ''(+16)'' 14 ''(+16)'' || 9 ''(+21)'' 9 ''(+21)'' || 1 ''(+29)'' 1 ''(+29)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|DShK (12.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[DShK (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm DShK]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,000 (50) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Pintle || 250 (50) || 600 || -10°/+60° || ±180°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The IS-4M is a direct successor to the [[IS-3]], and it features even more armour, so much armour that some APDS and APFSDS cannot penetrate its UFP and most of the turret, needless to say this tank is practically invulnerable to conventional rounds from the front. Unfortunately the gun remains the same 122 mm D-25T that is featured on all IS-series tanks from the [[IS-2]], and at its BR it isn't enough sometimes, while other times a weird bounce can still lead to some good hits. Overall, though, this tank feels much better at its BR than the [[IS-3]], which has a huge shot trap.

=== General Gameplay ===
The playstyle is slightly different from its predecessor, as angling can work - it just needs to be done carefully. The frontal side armour is actually thicker than the front, so a slight angle will even-out hull armour all around (in a best case scenario it can get to 275 mm, or just slightly more). Also, the IS-4M is less mobile, because it's heavier - all speeds are dampened and mobility is heavily impaired. However, if you've played the stock [[IS-3]] this tank will feel a bit better.

'''Arcade Battles'''

The IS-4M will show a lot of red and yellow on the reticle when a player looks at it in Arcade. Only some HEAT and APFSDS shells can penetrate this beast frontally, and damage will only be substantial if the player takes their time to aim at the important components, because some shells will penetrate but their effect will be minimal inside the tank. However, there is little the IS-4M can do to make it harder to be damaged, because there are practically no weakspots to hide, and wiggling will not stop top rounds from penetrating.

In Arcade Battles, the improved speed should be used to rush any lone enemies and objectives. When this tank is at speed, enemies will often shoot the biggest part they see - the UFP, and many shots will bounce or not penetrate if they hit at an awkward angle; but even if they do penetrate the UFP, the IS-4M will be able to return fire because only the driver and possibly the transmission are knocked out. Very rarely will the IS-4M get one-shot through the UFP. Again, being at speed is being protected, and it is a big surprise to many enemies when a heavy tank drives around a corner at high speed - giving you extra seconds to take aim and disable them (usually you will pass them, so their side and/or rear is visible).

Rushing mostly works in cities, where your speed is further increased by paved roads, and enemies will be spaced apart between buildings. In open areas, rushing will usually end up in the IS-4's demise, as opponents will quickly flank you because it's easy to do.

If rushing is not an option, and you find yourself in close-quarters, your best bet is to try to bait shots either for yourself or for your teammates. You can poke your gun barrel out from a corner, and if enemies shoot it, your teammates can drive out and destroy the enemy. Poking out the side of the turret or heavily angled UFP is an option, but most enemies will realize that it's no use shooting there.

'''Realistic Battles'''

In Realistic, the IS-4M retains its ability to rush, although it's subdued. When fully upgraded you can still get up to speed and surprise enemies, especially if you can choose weird routes that are not likely to be checked by enemies. From experience, it's possible to destroy up to 3-4 enemy tanks on city maps like Alaska, American Desert and Middle East, when playing against a good mix of lighter tanks (e.g. Leopard I, Centurion Mk 10, Vickers MBT), as well as some heavier vehicles that can be out-manoeuvred.

Armour can protect the IS-4M, but most enemies usually have HEAT loaded, or will be able to load it for the next shot. Most importantly you should never find yourself fighting alone against 3 or more enemies, even 2 are hard to handle most of the time. At least when fighting one-on-one you can always try to retreat or one-shot them, depending on the situation (i.e. either gunner/gun or driver/transmission knocked out).

All in all, you should play the IS-4M as if it is a slow medium tank with sub-par firepower due to the reload speed - hope that armour withstands some shots, while taking on enemies one or two at a time; if speed can be gained - use it.

=== The Stock Grind ===
The IS-4M is less painful to play when stock because at times you can get very lucky matches where no-one seems to penetrate you and you get tons of research points for withstanding a lot of shots. Nonetheless, the experience is very much similar to the IS-3 - slow tank, slow reload, gun and engine are often out of commission. Due to this, you must research Parts and FPE first, this is extremely important. Generally, you would want to be behind your teammates, to let them direct shots away from you, when reloaded you can poke out and shoot your shot, right before going back into the cover or behind teammates. Sniping is an option, but it's not the most viable since there's quite a lot of bullet drop and missing your shots will cause the very long reload.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very good frontal armour; can bounce 128 mm shells from the Maus and even point blank shots from some British tanks using APDS (like [[Vickers MBT]]) will often be deflected, unless hit in a weak spot
* Armour on the back of the turret is very tough and due to its angle is arguably as strong as the front, causing confusion and/or shock for enemies expecting the rear to be weaker
* Retains the powerful 122 mm gun and ammunition of the previous IS-3
* Strong combination of armour and armament
* Good reverse speed for a heavy tank
* Can easily knock out most tanks with a single shot

'''Cons:'''

* Priority target for the enemy team due to its fearsome reputation
* Long reload of 25 seconds
* Frontal armour has small but noticeable weak spot below the gun barrel, where the turret meets the hull, and shots coming through it often one-shot IS-4M
* Ammo rack in the back of the turret; if a shell penetrates, the ammo could detonate
* Can be vulnerable to tanks equipped with HEAT, APDS and APFSDS
* Armour penetration for the shells can be lacking at the rank
* Packed crew caused the tank to generally be insta kill from one shot
* Very little gun depression

== History ==

===Development===
During the development of the [[IS-3]] in 1944 under General Nikolai Dukhov, a separate project was underway by a design team led by L.S. Troyanov to improve the [[IS-2 (1944)|IS-2]] design. This separate project commenced under the designation ''Object 701''. The project produced three proposed design. The ''Object 701-2'' with a S-34 100 mm gun, ''701-5'' with a different armour configuration, and the ''701-6'' with the 122 mm D-25 gun. The ''701-6'' was accepted for further development, to which was modified with thicker armour, longer hull, and a more powerful engine. There was some implementation of German designs into the prototype; the engine has a cooling system that uses a pair of circular fans on the engine deck, a feature also is seen on the [[Panther A|Panther tank]].<ref name="ZalogaIS">Zaloga Steven. ''IS-2 Heavy Tank 1944-73'' Great Britain: Osprey Publishing Ltd., 1994</ref>

===Usage===
''Object 701'' was eventually approved for production in 1947 as the '''IS-4'''. The production turned out 200 tanks (some sources say 250) before the production was halted. The reason being that the IS-4 was criticized for being inadequate in mobility despite its new engine.<ref name="ZalogaIS" /> While production ended, the remaining IS-4 still saw service in the Soviet Union. When the Korean War broke out in 1950 and the United States and its allies got involved, the IS-4s were all shipped to the Far East of the Soviet Union in anticipation of Soviet intervention in the Korean War. They were not committed despite pressure by the Chinese from fear of inciting another world war. Even so, the IS-4 stayed in the region ready for action. In the late 1950s, the IS-4 underwent a modernization program along the lines of the IS-3 with increased ammo stowage, new machine gun armaments, new gun optics, better engine, and better filtration system and this modernized variant was named the '''IS-4M'''.<ref name="ZalogaIS" /> The IS-4 stayed in service in the Soviet Union until the 1960s.

===Legacy===
The IS-4, as a relatively unsuccessful Soviet tank, faded to obscurity with little information on it passed its development period. It was the heaviest of the Soviet heavy tanks that were slated for production. The IS-4's design was further developed on in the IS tank family with the ''Object 703'', with the design using an electrical transmission instead of a mechanical one. This vehicle redesignated the ''[[IS-6]]'', also proved to be problematic and was shelved.<ref name="ZalogaIS" />

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
Development of this tank began in July 1943 at the ChKZ factory. The main impetus for creating a new Soviet heavy tank was the prospect of being able to install more powerful artillery on it than what was installed on the IS-2. The vehicle underwent testing until the autumn of 1944. The new vehicle had one inarguable virtue - no tank or anti-tank cannon of Soviet or German make could penetrate its 160 mm frontal armour. At the end of 1944, two more vehicles equipped with modernised transmission were produced.

In April 1945, the tank was put into service and mass-produced under the designation IS-4. The vehicle's hull was fully welded, while its turret was cast with tapering armour thickness. Along with its 122 mm D-25T cannon, it was also armed with a coaxial 12.7 mm machine gun. An identical machine gun was placed as an anti-aircraft gun on a ring mount above the loader's hatch. One of the vehicle's characteristic features was its original ammunition rack, in which shells were housed in special metal canisters. The tank had epicyclic transmission and individual torsion-bar suspension. The crew consisted of 4 people. The vehicle's powertrain was a 750 hp B-12 diesel engine. With this engine, the tank could reach 43 km/h on-road.

The IS-4 was mass-produced until 1949. In total, around 250 of them were made. These vehicles served in the Far East.

It became clear during its deployment that the tank's mass exceeded the carrying capacity of most bridges and transport platforms. It was this fact that effectively buried the idea of building vehicles with a mass greater than 50 tonnes. The IS-4 was taken out of operation and placed in long-term storage, and then withdrawn from service entirely. After this, it was often used on ballistic ranges as a target.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_is_4m Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|B2woWvJK4ew|'''Top 7 most armoured vehicles''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 3:49 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|MNacjyimuCQ|'''The Shooting Range #95''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 07:03 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[M103]]
* [[Conqueror]]

== External links ==


=== References ===
<references />

{{TankManufacturer ChTZ}}
{{USSR heavy tanks}}

Strv 103-0

2023-12-30T17:57:47Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
|about= premium Swedish medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage= other versions
|link= Strv 103 (Family)}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=sw_strv_103_0
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''Strv 103 "zero series"''' was a preproduction order for the army after the successful display of the S1 and S2 prototypes. 10 units of these series were built, and they were used to test how the Strv 103 would perform in Swedish defense doctrine. The tanks were also tested in order to evaluate logistics, organization, their compatibility with other tank units, and crew training. These trials ended in 1966, following an order placed by the Swedish Army for 70 Strv 103As in 1964. The first batch of these new tanks was delivered in 1967, a year after the "zero series" trials ended.

It was introduced as a [[wt:en/news/6505-development-strv-103-0-last-man-standing-en|pack vehicle]] in [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]]. The '''Strv 103''' is a heavily angled tank, with relatively thin armour but a 77-degree slope. This allows the tank bounce most conventional shells like APCBC and even APDS, however it is very vulnerable to HEAT and HEAT-FS projectiles, since those are able to penetrate the tank with ease, and even if the crew is not injured, disabling the engine or transmission immobilizes the tank, and gun, since this is fixed to the hull. So it's better used as a sniper, using its variable suspension to peek over hills and retain a low profile.

The Strv 103-0 was removed from the store after the [[wt:en/news/7154-shop-may-sale-in-the-gaijin-store-en|May 2021 sale]] but was reintroduced in [[Update "Direct Hit"]] as a premium vehicle [[wt:en/news/7332-video-wiki-wiki-review-strv-103-0-now-for-golden-eagles-en|purchasable in-game for Golden Eagles]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

{{Notice|With a superbly sloped front hull armour, incoming kinetic rounds are prone to harmlessly bounce off, though chemical rounds will typically do some damage. Side, rear and top armour of the vehicle are weak, most aircraft can penetrate the roof, especially if they have 20 mm rounds or larger. With a total of three crew members, survivability after taking hits tend to be slim. However, the Strv 103 series are the only tanks that can operate with only one crew member! A major drawback is without transmission/engine you can no longer manoeuvre the hull to aim left or right. '''[[Strv_103_(Family)|Check out the Strv 103 Family here!]]'''}}
{| class="wikitable"
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 40 mm (77°) ''Upper Glacis'' 40 mm (74°) ''Lower Glacis'' || 30 mm +10 mm ''Upper'' 30 mm ''Lower'' || 30 mm || 20 mm
|-
| Cupola || 35 mm || 35 mm || 35 mm || 20 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick while tracks are 20 mm thick.
* The crew compartment is lined with an internal 10 mm RHA plate.
* Storage boxes are 10 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 732|rbMinHp= 478}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|L74 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L74 (105 mm)|105 mm L74]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 50 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+12° || rowspan="2" | N/A || rowspan="2" | N/A || 33.6 || 33.6 || 40.8 || 45.1 || 48.0 || rowspan="2" | 4.00 || rowspan="2" | 4.00 || rowspan="2" | 4.00 || rowspan="2" | 4.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 21.0 || 21.0 || 25.5 || 28.2 || 30.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:L74 (105 mm)/Ammunition|slpprj m/61, slpprj m/62, slsgr m/61A, rökgr m/61, slspgr m/61}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
|-
| '''50''' || 46 ''(+4)'' || 41 ''(+9)'' || 36 ''(+14)'' || 31 ''(+19)'' || 26 ''(+24)''
|-
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! 9th rack empty
! 10th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| 21 ''(+29)'' || 16 ''(+34)'' || 11 ''(+39)'' || 6 ''(+44)'' || 1 ''(+49)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Note''':

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|ksp 58 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[ksp 58 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm ksp 58]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 500 (250) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Coaxial || 500 (250) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The Strv 103-0 is a heavily angled tank offering 40 mm armour sloped at 77 degrees able to bounce almost any kinetic round in the game from the front. However a HEAT-FS round will penetrate right though the armour. It also lacks any ERA or composite protection, its rear armour is 30 mm thick, the flat sides have an additional 10 mm plate bringing their total thickness to 40 mm, and the roof is a measly 20 mm thick.

In order to stay alive, it is important to always have your front pointing towards the enemy. Its 105 mm L74 cannon is able to offer a maximum penetration of 303 mm. It may seem low compared to other tanks in-game, however with a skilled commander who utilise the map and who can stay stealthy is able to become the Tanker version of the legendary Viking called Erik the Red.

One of the great advantages of this tank is its pure survivability, its crew is all located behind the engine and transmission. However one of the weaknesses is also this crew survivability, any shot that is able to penetrate from the side will knockout the engine and transmission, worse case causing fires or disabling the tank in combat allowing the enemy tanker to flank to the rear or sides and fire a single shot into the Strv 103-0 ammo racks or crew compartments.

The ideal playstyle is to play the tank as an ambusher, stay in the bushes then pop out and fire, reverse and then move to another location, with the idea being to press the attack from their rear and cause mayhem, however if you stay at range, it can function well as a sniper thanks to its good gun depression, rangefinder, small profile and good reverse speed.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Operational with only 1 crew member remaining
* The gun has good penetration and damage
* Four second reload time makes it much easier to knock out enemy tanks
* The frontal armour is heavily sloped
* Has a tiny profile, making it much easier to hide in realistic and simulator battles
* Because the engine is located at the front most shots will not go through the whole tank if they penetrate and will simply be absorbed
* Has a 10 mm gun shield that will block most shrapnel.
* Ammo rarely explodes because it is located far in the back

'''Cons:'''

* The sloped frontal armour becomes redundant if angled incorrectly
* Very thin side and rear armour, any gun larger than a machine gun can go through
* The turret is fixed to the hull and cannot swivel
* APFSDS, HEAT, APDS and ATGM projectiles will go straight through the front armor, most of the time no matter the angle
* Very vulnerable front lower glacis plate
* HE is almost always insta kill on every inch of the tank

== History ==

Strv 103-0 is the prototype series before the head series with Strv 103A was delivered to the Swedish army. After the trial of the two trial vehicles S1 and S2 in 1961, Sweden ordered 10 pre-series Strv 103 which would become the 0-series. They were not finished until 1963, where they were put on trial to be combined with different vehicles to see how to efficiently utilize the tank system in squad and organization attempts. These attempts would have a great impact on how the Strv 103 would be shaped and molded and so the evaluation of the Strv 103 began that would last from 1963 till 1966. It only took half a year before it was decided that the Strv 103 "S" would become Sweden's new tank.

The trials with the 0-series worked well, the test results from the field testings, squad and organization attempts were favourable for the Strv 103-0 and it was not until 1964 that Sweden placed an order in a total value of around 500 million kr (SEK) which would total in 70 Strv 103 being produced to the first main series Strv 103 which would be designated [[Strv 103A]]. The main series tank order delivery started by 1967 giving the 0-series to be put to trials until the end of 1966.

=== [[wt:en/news/6505-development-strv-103-0-last-man-standing-en|Devblog]] ===
In the immediate postwar years, Sweden began looking for a replacement to the Centurion tanks, then in service with its army. The most straightforward solution was to once again look into the export market for potential candidates, although engineers were already working on a domestic design - the Kranvagn. While this process was ongoing, an engineer by the name of Sven Berge came up with a radical new tank design in 1956.

This new vehicle featured a turretless design with a cannon fixed to the hull, which would be trained onto its targets with the precise use of an adjustable suspension system. The design was based on results from a study on tank crew casualties during WWII and the Korean War, which showed a correlation between tank height and hit probability. As such, the 'S-Tank' was kept very small in dimensions and low in profile, while also utilizing some innovative new engineering solutions, such as a mixed power plant consisting of a diesel engine and a gas turbine.

In 1959, the Swedish government approved the construction and testing of two prototypes. In 1960, a pre-production batch of 10 vehicles of the '0-serie' was ordered for field trials, which went on into the mid '60s. Generating more than favorable test results, the vehicle was formally ordered into production and procured as the 'Stridsvagn 103'.

Despite its original purpose being to replace the Centurion tanks in the Swedish Army, the Strv 103 ended up serving alongside it for a number of decades, until it was ultimately decommissioned in the late 1990s. By that time, 290 Strv 103s were built, spanning over five variants.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=sw_strv_103_0 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:Strv 103-0 WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:Strv 103-0 WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:Strv 103-0 WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:Strv 103-0 WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:Strv 103-0 WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:Strv 103-0 WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
File:Strv 103-0 WTWallpaper 07.jpg|
File:Strv 103-0 WTWallpaper 08.jpg|
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|WO_5EKz_Ztg|'''Premium Vehicles: Stridsvagn 103–0''' - ''War Thunder Wiki''|s0Gh3g96Zeg|'''Should You Buy: {{PAGENAME}}''' - ''ConeOfArc''|qoprhFB5S7I|'''The Shooting Range #179''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 05:25 discusses the Strv 103.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6505-development-strv-103-0-last-man-standing-en|[Devblog] Strv 103-0: Last Man Standing]]

{{TankManufacturer AB Bofors}}
{{Sweden medium tanks}}
{{Sweden premium ground vehicles}}

Strv 103-0

2023-12-25T17:32:11Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
|about= premium Swedish medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage= other versions
|link= Strv 103 (Family)}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=sw_strv_103_0
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''Strv 103 "zero series"''' was a preproduction order for the army after the successful display of the S1 and S2 prototypes. 10 units of these series were built, and they were used to test how the Strv 103 would perform in Swedish defense doctrine. The tanks were also tested in order to evaluate logistics, organization, their compatibility with other tank units, and crew training. These trials ended in 1966, following an order placed by the Swedish Army for 70 Strv 103As in 1964. The first batch of these new tanks was delivered in 1967, a year after the "zero series" trials ended.

It was introduced as a [[wt:en/news/6505-development-strv-103-0-last-man-standing-en|pack vehicle]] in [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]]. The '''Strv 103''' is a heavily angled tank, with relatively thin armour but a 77-degree slope. This allows the tank bounce most conventional shells like APCBC and even APDS, however it is very vulnerable to HEAT and HEAT-FS projectiles, since those are able to penetrate the tank with ease, and even if the crew is not injured, disabling the engine or transmission immobilizes the tank, and gun, since this is fixed to the hull. So it's better used as a sniper, using its variable suspension to peek over hills and retain a low profile.

The Strv 103-0 was removed from the store after the [[wt:en/news/7154-shop-may-sale-in-the-gaijin-store-en|May 2021 sale]] but was reintroduced in [[Update "Direct Hit"]] as a premium vehicle [[wt:en/news/7332-video-wiki-wiki-review-strv-103-0-now-for-golden-eagles-en|purchasable in-game for Golden Eagles]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

{{Notice|With a superbly sloped front hull armour, incoming kinetic rounds are prone to harmlessly bounce off, though chemical rounds will typically do some damage. Side, rear and top armour of the vehicle are weak, most aircraft can penetrate the roof, especially if they have 20 mm rounds or larger. With a total of three crew members, survivability after taking hits tend to be slim. However, the Strv 103 series are the only tanks that can operate with only one crew member! A major drawback is without transmission/engine you can no longer manoeuvre the hull to aim left or right. '''[[Strv_103_(Family)|Check out the Strv 103 Family here!]]'''}}
{| class="wikitable"
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 40 mm (77°) ''Upper Glacis'' 40 mm (74°) ''Lower Glacis'' || 30 mm +10 mm ''Upper'' 30 mm ''Lower'' || 30 mm || 20 mm
|-
| Cupola || 35 mm || 35 mm || 35 mm || 20 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick while tracks are 20 mm thick.
* The crew compartment is lined with an internal 10 mm RHA plate.
* Storage boxes are 10 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 732|rbMinHp= 478}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|L74 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L74 (105 mm)|105 mm L74]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 50 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+12° || rowspan="2" | N/A || rowspan="2" | N/A || 33.6 || 33.6 || 40.8 || 45.1 || 48.0 || rowspan="2" | 4.00 || rowspan="2" | 4.00 || rowspan="2" | 4.00 || rowspan="2" | 4.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 21.0 || 21.0 || 25.5 || 28.2 || 30.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:L74 (105 mm)/Ammunition|slpprj m/61, slpprj m/62, slsgr m/61A, rökgr m/61, slspgr m/61}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
|-
| '''50''' || 46 ''(+4)'' || 41 ''(+9)'' || 36 ''(+14)'' || 31 ''(+19)'' || 26 ''(+24)''
|-
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! 9th rack empty
! 10th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| 21 ''(+29)'' || 16 ''(+34)'' || 11 ''(+39)'' || 6 ''(+44)'' || 1 ''(+49)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Note''':

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|ksp 58 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[ksp 58 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm ksp 58]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 500 (250) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Coaxial || 500 (250) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The Strv 103-0 is a heavily angled tank offering 40 mm armour sloped at 77 degrees able to bounce almost any kinetic round in the game from the front. However a HEAT-FS round will penetrate right though the armour. It also lacks any ERA or composite protection, its rear armour is 30 mm thick, the flat sides have an additional 10 mm plate bringing their total thickness to 40 mm, and the roof is a measly 20 mm thick.

In order to stay alive, it is important to always have your front pointing towards the enemy. Its 105 mm L74 cannon is able to offer a maximum penetration of 303 mm. It may seem low compared to other tanks in-game, however with a skilled commander who utilise the map and who can stay stealthy is able to become the Tanker version of the legendary Viking called Erik the Red.

One of the great advantages of this tank is its pure survivability, its crew is all located behind the engine and transmission. However one of the weaknesses is also this crew survivability, any shot that is able to penetrate from the side will knockout the engine and transmission, worse case causing fires or disabling the tank in combat allowing the enemy tanker to flank to the rear or sides and fire a single shot into the Strv 103-0 ammo racks or crew compartments.

The ideal playstyle is to play the tank as an ambusher, stay in the bushes then pop out and fire, reverse and then move to another location, with the idea being to press the attack from their rear and cause mayhem, however if you stay at range, it can function well as a sniper thanks to its good gun depression, rangefinder, small profile and good reverse speed.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Operational with only 1 crew member remaining
* The gun has good penetration and damage
* Four second reload time makes it much easier to knock out enemy tanks
* The frontal armour is heavily sloped, which makes it quite tough even though being only 40 mm thick
* Has a tiny profile, making it much easier to hide in realistic and simulator battles
* Because the engine is located at the front most shots will not go through the whole tank if they penetrate and will simply be absorbed
* Has a 10 mm gun shield that will block most shrapnel.

'''Cons:'''

* The sloped frontal armour becomes redundant if angled incorrectly
* Very thin side and rear armour, any gun larger than a machine gun can go through
* The turret is fixed to the hull and cannot swivel
* APFSDS, Heat, APDS and atgm projectiles will go straight through the lower front plate, most of the time no matter the angle
* Very vulnerable front lower glacis plate
* HE is generally insta kill anywhere on the tank.

== History ==

Strv 103-0 is the prototype series before the head series with Strv 103A was delivered to the Swedish army. After the trial of the two trial vehicles S1 and S2 in 1961, Sweden ordered 10 pre-series Strv 103 which would become the 0-series. They were not finished until 1963, where they were put on trial to be combined with different vehicles to see how to efficiently utilize the tank system in squad and organization attempts. These attempts would have a great impact on how the Strv 103 would be shaped and molded and so the evaluation of the Strv 103 began that would last from 1963 till 1966. It only took half a year before it was decided that the Strv 103 "S" would become Sweden's new tank.

The trials with the 0-series worked well, the test results from the field testings, squad and organization attempts were favourable for the Strv 103-0 and it was not until 1964 that Sweden placed an order in a total value of around 500 million kr (SEK) which would total in 70 Strv 103 being produced to the first main series Strv 103 which would be designated [[Strv 103A]]. The main series tank order delivery started by 1967 giving the 0-series to be put to trials until the end of 1966.

=== [[wt:en/news/6505-development-strv-103-0-last-man-standing-en|Devblog]] ===
In the immediate postwar years, Sweden began looking for a replacement to the Centurion tanks, then in service with its army. The most straightforward solution was to once again look into the export market for potential candidates, although engineers were already working on a domestic design - the Kranvagn. While this process was ongoing, an engineer by the name of Sven Berge came up with a radical new tank design in 1956.

This new vehicle featured a turretless design with a cannon fixed to the hull, which would be trained onto its targets with the precise use of an adjustable suspension system. The design was based on results from a study on tank crew casualties during WWII and the Korean War, which showed a correlation between tank height and hit probability. As such, the 'S-Tank' was kept very small in dimensions and low in profile, while also utilizing some innovative new engineering solutions, such as a mixed power plant consisting of a diesel engine and a gas turbine.

In 1959, the Swedish government approved the construction and testing of two prototypes. In 1960, a pre-production batch of 10 vehicles of the '0-serie' was ordered for field trials, which went on into the mid '60s. Generating more than favorable test results, the vehicle was formally ordered into production and procured as the 'Stridsvagn 103'.

Despite its original purpose being to replace the Centurion tanks in the Swedish Army, the Strv 103 ended up serving alongside it for a number of decades, until it was ultimately decommissioned in the late 1990s. By that time, 290 Strv 103s were built, spanning over five variants.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=sw_strv_103_0 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:Strv 103-0 WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:Strv 103-0 WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:Strv 103-0 WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:Strv 103-0 WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:Strv 103-0 WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:Strv 103-0 WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
File:Strv 103-0 WTWallpaper 07.jpg|
File:Strv 103-0 WTWallpaper 08.jpg|
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|WO_5EKz_Ztg|'''Premium Vehicles: Stridsvagn 103–0''' - ''War Thunder Wiki''|s0Gh3g96Zeg|'''Should You Buy: {{PAGENAME}}''' - ''ConeOfArc''|qoprhFB5S7I|'''The Shooting Range #179''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 05:25 discusses the Strv 103.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6505-development-strv-103-0-last-man-standing-en|[Devblog] Strv 103-0: Last Man Standing]]

{{TankManufacturer AB Bofors}}
{{Sweden medium tanks}}
{{Sweden premium ground vehicles}}

Strv 103-0

2023-12-25T16:29:04Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
|about= premium Swedish medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage= other versions
|link= Strv 103 (Family)}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=sw_strv_103_0
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''Strv 103 "zero series"''' was a preproduction order for the army after the successful display of the S1 and S2 prototypes. 10 units of these series were built, and they were used to test how the Strv 103 would perform in Swedish defense doctrine. The tanks were also tested in order to evaluate logistics, organization, their compatibility with other tank units, and crew training. These trials ended in 1966, following an order placed by the Swedish Army for 70 Strv 103As in 1964. The first batch of these new tanks was delivered in 1967, a year after the "zero series" trials ended.

It was introduced as a [[wt:en/news/6505-development-strv-103-0-last-man-standing-en|pack vehicle]] in [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]]. The '''Strv 103''' is a heavily angled tank, with relatively thin armour but a 77-degree slope. This allows the tank bounce most conventional shells like APCBC and even APDS, however it is very vulnerable to HEAT and HEAT-FS projectiles, since those are able to penetrate the tank with ease, and even if the crew is not injured, disabling the engine or transmission immobilizes the tank, and gun, since this is fixed to the hull. So it's better used as a sniper, using its variable suspension to peek over hills and retain a low profile.

The Strv 103-0 was removed from the store after the [[wt:en/news/7154-shop-may-sale-in-the-gaijin-store-en|May 2021 sale]] but was reintroduced in [[Update "Direct Hit"]] as a premium vehicle [[wt:en/news/7332-video-wiki-wiki-review-strv-103-0-now-for-golden-eagles-en|purchasable in-game for Golden Eagles]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

{{Notice|With a superbly sloped front hull armour, incoming kinetic rounds are prone to harmlessly bounce off, though chemical rounds will typically do some damage. Side, rear and top armour of the vehicle are weak, most aircraft can penetrate the roof, especially if they have 20 mm rounds or larger. With a total of three crew members, survivability after taking hits tend to be slim. However, the Strv 103 series are the only tanks that can operate with only one crew member! A major drawback is without transmission/engine you can no longer manoeuvre the hull to aim left or right. '''[[Strv_103_(Family)|Check out the Strv 103 Family here!]]'''}}
{| class="wikitable"
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 40 mm (77°) ''Upper Glacis'' 40 mm (74°) ''Lower Glacis'' || 30 mm +10 mm ''Upper'' 30 mm ''Lower'' || 30 mm || 20 mm
|-
| Cupola || 35 mm || 35 mm || 35 mm || 20 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick while tracks are 20 mm thick.
* The crew compartment is lined with an internal 10 mm RHA plate.
* Storage boxes are 10 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 732|rbMinHp= 478}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|L74 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L74 (105 mm)|105 mm L74]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 50 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+12° || rowspan="2" | N/A || rowspan="2" | N/A || 33.6 || 33.6 || 40.8 || 45.1 || 48.0 || rowspan="2" | 4.00 || rowspan="2" | 4.00 || rowspan="2" | 4.00 || rowspan="2" | 4.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 21.0 || 21.0 || 25.5 || 28.2 || 30.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:L74 (105 mm)/Ammunition|slpprj m/61, slpprj m/62, slsgr m/61A, rökgr m/61, slspgr m/61}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
|-
| '''50''' || 46 ''(+4)'' || 41 ''(+9)'' || 36 ''(+14)'' || 31 ''(+19)'' || 26 ''(+24)''
|-
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! 9th rack empty
! 10th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| 21 ''(+29)'' || 16 ''(+34)'' || 11 ''(+39)'' || 6 ''(+44)'' || 1 ''(+49)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Note''':

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|ksp 58 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[ksp 58 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm ksp 58]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 500 (250) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Coaxial || 500 (250) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The Strv 103-0 is a heavily angled tank offering 40 mm armour sloped at 77 degrees able to bounce almost any kinetic round in the game from the front. However a HEAT-FS round will penetrate right though the armour. It also lacks any ERA or composite protection, its rear armour is 30 mm thick, the flat sides have an additional 10 mm plate bringing their total thickness to 40 mm, and the roof is a measly 20 mm thick.

In order to stay alive, it is important to always have your front pointing towards the enemy. Its 105 mm L74 cannon is able to offer a maximum penetration of 303 mm. It may seem low compared to other tanks in-game, however with a skilled commander who utilise the map and who can stay stealthy is able to become the Tanker version of the legendary Viking called Erik the Red.

One of the great advantages of this tank is its pure survivability, its crew is all located behind the engine and transmission. However one of the weaknesses is also this crew survivability, any shot that is able to penetrate from the side will knockout the engine and transmission, worse case causing fires or disabling the tank in combat allowing the enemy tanker to flank to the rear or sides and fire a single shot into the Strv 103-0 ammo racks or crew compartments.

The ideal playstyle is to play the tank as an ambusher, stay in the bushes then pop out and fire, reverse and then move to another location, with the idea being to press the attack from their rear and cause mayhem, however if you stay at range, it can function well as a sniper thanks to its good gun depression, rangefinder, small profile and good reverse speed.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Operational with only 1 crew member remaining
* The gun has good penetration and damage
* Four second reload time makes it much easier to knock out enemy tanks
* The frontal armour is heavily sloped, which makes it quite tough even though being only 40 mm thick
* Has a tiny profile, making it much easier to hide in realistic and simulator battles
* Because the engine is located at the front most shots will not go through the whole tank if they penetrate and will simply be absorbed
* Has a 10 mm gun shield that will block most shrapnel.

'''Cons:'''

* The sloped frontal armour becomes redundant if angled incorrectly
* Very thin side and rear armour, any gun larger than a machine gun can go through
* The turret is fixed to the hull and cannot swivel
* APFSDS, HEAT and APDSght through the lower front plate, most of the time no matter the angle
* Very vulnerable front lower glacis plate

== History ==

Strv 103-0 is the prototype series before the head series with Strv 103A was delivered to the Swedish army. After the trial of the two trial vehicles S1 and S2 in 1961, Sweden ordered 10 pre-series Strv 103 which would become the 0-series. They were not finished until 1963, where they were put on trial to be combined with different vehicles to see how to efficiently utilize the tank system in squad and organization attempts. These attempts would have a great impact on how the Strv 103 would be shaped and molded and so the evaluation of the Strv 103 began that would last from 1963 till 1966. It only took half a year before it was decided that the Strv 103 "S" would become Sweden's new tank.

The trials with the 0-series worked well, the test results from the field testings, squad and organization attempts were favourable for the Strv 103-0 and it was not until 1964 that Sweden placed an order in a total value of around 500 million kr (SEK) which would total in 70 Strv 103 being produced to the first main series Strv 103 which would be designated [[Strv 103A]]. The main series tank order delivery started by 1967 giving the 0-series to be put to trials until the end of 1966.

=== [[wt:en/news/6505-development-strv-103-0-last-man-standing-en|Devblog]] ===
In the immediate postwar years, Sweden began looking for a replacement to the Centurion tanks, then in service with its army. The most straightforward solution was to once again look into the export market for potential candidates, although engineers were already working on a domestic design - the Kranvagn. While this process was ongoing, an engineer by the name of Sven Berge came up with a radical new tank design in 1956.

This new vehicle featured a turretless design with a cannon fixed to the hull, which would be trained onto its targets with the precise use of an adjustable suspension system. The design was based on results from a study on tank crew casualties during WWII and the Korean War, which showed a correlation between tank height and hit probability. As such, the 'S-Tank' was kept very small in dimensions and low in profile, while also utilizing some innovative new engineering solutions, such as a mixed power plant consisting of a diesel engine and a gas turbine.

In 1959, the Swedish government approved the construction and testing of two prototypes. In 1960, a pre-production batch of 10 vehicles of the '0-serie' was ordered for field trials, which went on into the mid '60s. Generating more than favorable test results, the vehicle was formally ordered into production and procured as the 'Stridsvagn 103'.

Despite its original purpose being to replace the Centurion tanks in the Swedish Army, the Strv 103 ended up serving alongside it for a number of decades, until it was ultimately decommissioned in the late 1990s. By that time, 290 Strv 103s were built, spanning over five variants.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=sw_strv_103_0 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:Strv 103-0 WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:Strv 103-0 WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:Strv 103-0 WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:Strv 103-0 WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:Strv 103-0 WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:Strv 103-0 WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
File:Strv 103-0 WTWallpaper 07.jpg|
File:Strv 103-0 WTWallpaper 08.jpg|
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|WO_5EKz_Ztg|'''Premium Vehicles: Stridsvagn 103–0''' - ''War Thunder Wiki''|s0Gh3g96Zeg|'''Should You Buy: {{PAGENAME}}''' - ''ConeOfArc''|qoprhFB5S7I|'''The Shooting Range #179''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 05:25 discusses the Strv 103.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6505-development-strv-103-0-last-man-standing-en|[Devblog] Strv 103-0: Last Man Standing]]

{{TankManufacturer AB Bofors}}
{{Sweden medium tanks}}
{{Sweden premium ground vehicles}}

AM-1

2023-12-21T18:48:13Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=am_1_mauler
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_am_1_mauler.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.89 "Imperial Navy"]].

The {{PAGENAME}} is a classic American attack aircraft. As typical, it is heavy and cumbersome yet hard-hitting and versatile due to the weapons it can carry. Don't expect to effectively dogfight in the Mauler as the main purpose of this aircraft is to strike and eliminate the enemy's ground units. The {{PAGENAME}} has the option to outfit HVARS and Tiny Tims rockets and bombs of all sizes depending on the targets to be hit. Enemy fighters should be avoided as they will typically be faster, more manoeuvrable and better equipped for air-to-air combat at which the {{PAGENAME}} is at a significant disadvantage, however, when pressed into air combat some Mauler pilots end up working miracles and survive the encounter.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The {{PAGENAME}} is a rather cumbersome and heavy aircraft. For pilots new to the aircraft, they will notice even without a payload, the aircraft feels sluggish and can be even more frustrating early on while the aircraft is still in its stock phase. At low speeds, this aircraft is an easy target to prey on. Despite the circumstances, it is decently manoeuvrable for a single-seated attack aircraft allowing for the targeting of ground targets, however, care must be taken when it is necessary to manoeuvre as this aircraft bleeds energy very quickly.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 566 || 547 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 23.0 || 23.8 || 10.9 || 10.9 || rowspan="2" | 170
|-
! Upgraded
|617|| 589 ||21.1|| 22.0 ||18.4|| 14.2
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 420 || 350 || 300 || ~12 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 450 || < 220 || < 500 || > 440
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


The pilot is protected in the front by 40 mm of bulletproof glass and in the back by 9.5 mm of steel. There are also two 9.5 mm steel plates under the engine and cooling system.

The aircraft has three self-sealing fuel tanks: one behind the pilot, and one in either wing root. Since the fuel tanks are not particularly large, and since they're all located in one location, fuel fires are unlikely in this vehicle. However, if a fire does occur, the centralized location of the tanks near all of the vehicle's critical components means that the fire is not likely to put itself out.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|T31 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 20 mm T31 cannons, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 800 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="3%" | 1 !! width="3%" | 2 !! width="3%" | 3 !! width="3%" | 4 !! width="3%" | 5 !! width="3%" | 6 !! width="3%" | 7 !! width="3%" | 8 !! width="3%" | 9 !! width="3%" | 10 !! width="3%" | 11 !! width="3%" | 12 !! width="3%" | 13 !! width="3%" | 14 !! width="3%" | 15
| rowspan="11" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! [[AN-M57 (250 lb)|250 lb AN-M57]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|500 lb AN-M64A1]] bombs
| || || || || || || 1 || 1 || 1 || || || || || ||
|-
! [[AN-M65A1 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb AN-M65A1]] bombs
| || || || || || || 1 || 1 || 1 || || || || || ||
|-
! [[AN-Mk 1 (1,600 lb)|1,600 lb AN-Mk 1]] bombs
| || || || || || || 1 || 1 || 1 || || || || || ||
|-
! [[AN-M66A2 (2,000 lb)|2,000 lb AN-M66A2]] bombs
| || || || || || || 1 || 1 || 1 || || || || || ||
|-
! [[HVAR]] rockets
| 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[Tiny Tim]] rockets
| || || || || || || 1 || || 1 || || || || || ||
|-
! [[Mk.13-6 Case (2,216 lb)|2,216 lb Mk.13-6 Case]] torpedoes
| || || || || || || 1 || 1 || 1 || || || || || ||
|-
! [[Type A Mark I mine|Type A Mark I]] mines
| || || || || || || 1 || 1 || 1 || || || || || ||
|-
| colspan="16" | Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 1,200 kg
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* Without load
* 12 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (3,000 lb total)
* 3 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (1,500 lb total)
* 3 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs (3,000 lb total)
* 3 x 1,600 lb AN-Mk 1 bombs (4,800 lb total)
* 3 x 2,000 lb AN-M66A2 bombs (6,000 lb total)
* 3 x 2,216 lb Mk.13-6 Case torpedoes
* 3 x Type A Mark I mines
* 12 x HVAR rockets
* 2 x Tiny Tim rockets
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==


The AM-1 is a classic attacker, and it will come as no surprise that its manoeuvrability is lacking. It's fine at high speeds, but at low speeds, the aircraft quickly becomes sluggish, even when no payload is equipped. The plane also has poor acceleration and poor manoeuvring energy retention, all of which means that this plane struggles in a dogfight. If the pilot does find themselves in an engagement against a dedicated fighter aircraft, the best thing to do would be to fly towards a teammate who can help.

Where this plane shines is in a ground-attack role. The cannons, when using ground target belts, can take out lightly armoured targets quite effectively, and the high ammo count is certainly a nice bonus. Additionally, this plane receives an incredible number of ordnance options, from [[HVAR]] and [[Tiny Tim]] rockets to up to 5,000 lbs of bombs. In Air Realistic battles these can destroy the most heavily armoured ground targets, and in Ground Realistic these allow the pilot to achieve 7 kills against enemy ground units without landing to reload.

This plane also receives three torpedoes for use in naval battles.

All in all, the AM-1 is a below-average fighter with incredible anti-ground capabilities. Although sluggish, it more than makes up for it in pure firepower.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Large and versatile payload, with custom loadout options
* Decent 20 mm cannons for head-ons or ground attack purposes
* Reasonably manoeuvrable at medium-to-high speeds
* Airbrakes and arresting hook
* 3 torpedoes in ship battles can cause serious damage to several large ships

'''Cons:'''

* No defensive armament
* Sluggish at low speeds, especially with heavy payload
* Poor acceleration
* Bleeds energy quickly if manoeuvring
* Engine overheats fairly quickly
* Fragmentation belts

== History ==


'''Development'''

In the 1930s and 1940s the Navy had two designations for carrier-based bombers: dive bombers and torpedo bombers, which each had a crew of 2-3 men. It was found during the war that more than 1 crewman was unnecessary, even in combat situations. In addition, if the two classes of naval bombers were combined into one aircraft, it would allow for a carrier's air group to have more flexibility and to increase the amount of fighters on the carrier. The Navy asked for design proposals for a multi-purpose bomber in 1943, and chose 4 designs to continue. These were the Curtiss XBTC, Douglas XBT2D Skyraider, Kaiser-Fleetwings XBTK, and the Martin XBTM. The Navy asked Martin to create a design using the Pratt and Whitney R-4360 Wasp Major engine as a backup to the Curtiss design, which the Navy feared was overly complex.

'''Design'''

The XBTM-1 was a low-wing monoplane with folding wings for carrier storage, and conventional landing gear. It featured a single-seat cockpit with a teardrop shaped canopy right behind the engine. There was a 150 gallon fuel tank behind the cockpit. There was a dive break that ran the length of the trailing edge of the wing. The wing design was ideal for dive bombing, because of the large surface area, but the ailerons were much less efficient, as they were not wide. The pilot and oil cooler were protected by heavy armour. The primary armament consisted of four 20 mm T-31 cannons in the wings with 200 rounds per gun. Additional armament was suspended on one centreline hardpoint, and two outer hardpoints. These hardpoints could carry bombs, drop tanks, or torpedoes up to 2,300 pounds. The outer hardpoints could also take an AN/APS-4 search radar pod. 6 hardpoints could be added to the outer wings to carry 500 pound bombs or 5 inch rockets. After testing of the first two prototypes, slight modifications were made to the engine cowling, propeller, rudder, and vertical stabilizer. The BTM-1 was redesignated as the AM-1 in 1946.

'''Production and Service'''

The Navy ordered 750 BTM-1s in January of 1945, but changed the order to only 99 after the Japanese surrender in August. After the modifications to the design, and the re-designation to AM-1, deliveries began in March of 1947. A number of issues were found, including a badly laid out cockpit, tailhook issues, elevator control, and structural weakness of the fuselage. These issues were solved and mitigated. The Navy ordered 50 more AM-1s, known as the AM-1 Mauler. An electronic countermeasure version was created, known as the AM-1Q. The AM-1Q added an electronics operator in the fuselage, where the fuel tank used to be. The Mauler was found to be a hard to handle aircraft. It did not do well in carrier landings, and was hard to fly in a formation, plus it had maintenance issues. Despite this, it could carry more ordnance than the AD Skyraider, and was more stable when dive bombing.

The AM-1 was given to squadrons in the Atlantic Fleet. It served for a relatively short amount of time, as although the Skyraider could carry less secondary armament, it flew better, landed better, and was more reliable. In 1950, all Maulers were moved to shore-based squadrons, but they were abandoned in the same year to Naval Reserve squadrons. They were retired from service with the Naval Reserve squadrons in 1953.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=am_1_mauler Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|8JcG-_L0oLo|'''The Shooting Range #313''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 03:20 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|Ze0dEvB77fE|'''Best Combo #3''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 3:18 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* Blackburn [[Firebrand TF Mk IV|Firebrand]]
* Blackburn [[Firecrest]]
* Douglas [[AD-2|A-1]] Skyraider
* Westland [[Wyvern S4|Wyvern]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/453522-am-1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Martin}}
{{USA strike aircraft}}

SU-100P

2023-12-05T00:51:33Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = Soviet tank destroyer '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = SU-100 (Disambiguation)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_su_100p
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (Object 105) was a Soviet prototype self-propelled howitzer. It was the main competitor to Object 416, which was being developed at the same time. One of its standout features was the D-50 anti-tank cannon, which was a modified D-10 with a higher muzzle velocity and was specifically designed for the vehicle. However, flaws in the design were discovered during testing. Notably, the gun, chassis, lifting mechanism, and a number of other components were discovered to be unreliable, causing numerous issues. As a result, the {{Specs|name}} faced significant challenges and required an overhaul in design to address these issues and improve its overall performance. Although the {{Specs|name}} was making significant progress, the project was ultimately canceled due to Khrushchev's views on the future of tank warfare, which did not see self-propelled guns as a viable option. But its potential wasn't fully wasted, as the chassis of the {{Specs|name}} was the basis of many other designs.

The {{Specs|name}} was introduced in [[Update 1.71 "New E.R.A."]]. Like most other Soviet tank destroyers, it is best used as a sniper. On the other hand, because of its mobility, it can easily access areas where other tanks might struggle, making it well suited for flanking. Those looking for a powerful and accurate gun will not be disappointed either, as this vehicle is equipped with a D-50 100mm anti-tank cannon, which is a modified [[D-10T (100 mm)|D-10]]. Overall, the {{Specs|name}} is a highly capable and versatile vehicle.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The armour on the SU-100P is mediocre except against low-calibre machine guns. Due to being an open vehicle, any tank with machine guns is able to kill the crew (with exception of the driver). This has its benefits as it is considered a "glass cannon with paper armour", meaning it barely has armour but said armour is thin enough to not trigger APHE fuses or create any sort of spalling at all, making the survivability of the SU-100P an unreliable armour yet effective in some cases. The main issues with the tank's survivability are front shots. Rounds fired at the hull will not only destroy engine but will create enough spalling to take a considerable amount of crew members, not only the driver but also the loaders. The crew on the turret are somewhat safe due to the high elevation. This is also an issue as the spalling can over penetrate and hit the ammo rack which is located at the back of the tank. Side shots, on the other hand, will only take the engine, lit the tank on fire and kill the driver if the round is fired at the center of mass of the hull, leaving the turret fully operational. Due to the construction of the turret, most front shots will take 2 crew members at most (commander and a loader or gunner and a loader). Front shots (unless they are at an angle) will not disable your breech most of the times, side shots will destroy the breech and take the two turret members. Due to the way the turret is arranged, most of the players will kill your commander trying to disable your gunner (as gunner in most tanks is located at the left side of the turret if seen from the front, in this case the gunner is at the right side of the turret if seen from the front) leaving them defenceless while they reload and retreat and only being able to fire machine guns but the armour is enough to stop machine gun fire.

One of the most noticeable double-edged swords is the turret rotation mechanism. Due to being a manual guidance, the turret rotation and gun elevation is really slow but due to this, the SU-100P will not be affected if the tank loses all of its power compared to the rest of the tanks which have a hydraulic assisted rotation, this is an advantage if the engine is taken out.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, gun shield, gun mantlet)
* Structural steel (gun breech, gun mount)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 15 mm (74°) ''Front glacis'' 25 mm (31°) ''Radiator housing'' 25 mm (16°) ''Lower glacis - upper part'' 15 mm (49°) ''Lower glacis - lower part'' || 15 mm 5 mm ''Radiator vent'' || 8 mm (21°) || 6 mm (86°) ''Front'' 6 mm (81°) ''Rear''
|-
| Gun shield || 20 mm (30°) ''Front'' 25 mm ''Gun mantlet (spheric)'' || 15 mm || N/A || 6 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick while tracks are 15 mm thick.
* Bottom of the hull is 6 mm thick.
* The engine is placed in front of the vehicle and can absorb shots to some extent.

The armour on the SU-100P is best described as non-existent and although it may sometimes not trigger APHE fuses it would be unwise to rely on it in any way especially since most of your crew is exposed to MG fire and overpressure mechanics.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


The {{PAGENAME}} has good mobility with a top speed of 70 km/h on a flat road capable of getting you into good firing positions early-on in the battle. It does benefit from neutral steering when idling but not while on the move (the unsolicited track just locks, making it more difficult to turn as you lose speed). The reverse speed is good enough to enable you to disengage easily and play peek-a-boo with the enemy.

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=568|rbMinHp=354}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|D-50 (100 mm)}}

The main gun is a 100 mm rifled D-50 cannon, almost identical to the D-10T of the [[T-44-100]] and [[T-54 (1947)|T-54]]/[[T-55A|55]] only with a higher velocity. The armament is very powerful for its BR but lacks a fully traversable turret.

The open configuration of the turret gives the 100 mm an impressive 7.5 seconds reload time with an upgraded crew.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[D-50 (100 mm)|100 mm D-50]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 50 || rowspan="2" | -4°/+37° || rowspan="2" | ±77° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 6.2 || 8.5 || 10.4 || 11.5 || 12.2 || rowspan="2" | 9.75 || rowspan="2" | 8.63 || rowspan="2" | 7.95 || rowspan="2" | 7.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 4.2 || 4.9 || 6.0 || 6.6 || 7.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The main ammunition of the SU-100P is the BR-412 with the BR-412D variant being the most deadly with the best penetration values especially at longer distances and with only a smaller TNT filler (93.94g equivalent) compared to the BR-412B (100.1g).

The 3D3 smoke round can be used to provide cover for your team and block the enemy's line of sight.

{{:D-50 (100 mm)/Ammunition|BR-412, BR-412B, BR-412D, 3D3, OF-412}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''50''' || 1 ''(+49)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Each row of shells is depleted from left to right. Rows are then depleted from front to rear.
* As they are modeled by sets of 2 or 3, shells disappear from the rack only after you've fired all shells in the set.

== Usage in battles ==

The SU-100P is never to be played as a frontline vehicle as the open hull structure is the main weakness which will make enemy team get a free kill by just using their machine guns, this is why the SU-100P should perform the support role. Support role has a wide variety of tactics and course of action, going from a simple cap defender to the enemy's worst flanking nightmare. The tank is one of the most agile, versatile and fast tanks at the battle rating with a really powerful cannon, able to knock out practically any vehicle it faces, most of them even frontally.

'''As a sniper:'''

As expected, the SU-100P has no place in the frontlines and thus it must be used as a support vehicle. Its high speed, relatively low profile, and powerful gun make it one of the best "Hit N' Run" snipers in the BR. This means the SU-100P should stay at a spot, strike as much as possible and relocate in order to avoid detection and enemy engagements. It is not to be used as an extreme long range sniper as it lacks high velocity ammunition (APCR or APDS) and powerful zoom optics (only x8).

'''As a flanker:'''

Whenever the situation feels like being an urban map, a closed and tight spaced place, etc. The SU-100P has all the requirements of being an amazing flanker specially when facing the sluggish and slow German and British tanks such as the [[Panzer V Panther (Family)|Panther]] and [[Centurion (Family)|Centurion]]. Be aware as the SU-100P has no machine guns or smoke grenades, it has a relatively slow reload speed and it is not able to strike as fast if tanks are aware of your presence. Due to the fast speed, it is able to poke-fire-retreat as many times as needed in a continuous way with relative high frequency.

'''Arcade mode'''

Since many opponents will see the SU-100P immediately due to Arcade markers, it is necessary to either avoid general sightlines or use cover and/or solid sight obstructions to shield the SU-100P from immediate destruction. Whenever you have to leave the cover to move, aim the gun in direction of the presumable enemy position, as otherwise they will machine gun the entire crew in a single swipe. The constant airstrikes of AB will likely destroy the SU-100P, as players tend to aim for vulnerable tanks or for the tanks of the top players on the enemy team. In the case if you match both criteria the entire enemy team might just focus on strafing your tank and there isn't much you can do, but try to destroy every fighter on the enemy team by calling one yourself. For the same reason, the SU-100P is not easy to use in a losing team or as a third tank in a lineup.

The stock performance of the SU-100P is not enough to get into position fast or fight most opponents fair and square, so more obscure arcade aim assist functions should be abused. For example, it is possible to fire through many buildings with kinetic shells, and with high keen vision it is possible to find enemy tanks and briefly mark them while standing behind a house. After that, even though the SU-100P can't scout and make markers remain active for a while, it still can select the tank and fire at its silhouette into presumable weak part semi-blindly before it disappeared. Generally, enemies do not expect such trickery and do not respond to such shots, because they do not see who fires at them, or because they use HEAT projectiles and can't fire through obstacles, or even do not understand how that works. Even though this strategy is only available on certain maps, it can allow for some RP gain to unlock the best shell, which can penetrate most down-tier tanks head-on, including panthers, without much issue.

After gaining some upgrades to douse fires, increase accuracy and penetrate its opponents easier, the SU-100P can imitate the [[YaG-10 (29-K)]]'s playstyle by firing broadside to the right, as many opponents will either hit the engine, which shields the driver, or hit one or several of the turret crew members. For better results, some temporary cover can be chosen as to avoid being fired at by an entire squad and to disallow better players to hit the ammo rack directly, as it could easily happen with aim assist on. After the mobility upgrades were unlocked, the SU-100P can finally flank like a light tank and play super aggressively, as often it only loses non-critical crew when first shot. The rest is up to luck, as each shot can end the SU-100P or do almost nothing depending on enemy aim quality and ammo choice.

'''List of opponents important notes when facing frontally:'''

* [[Panzer V Panther (Family)|Panther]]/[[M48 Patton (Family)|M48]]/[[M26 (Family)|Pershing]]: all front can be penetrated with BR-412D
* [[Tiger II (Family)|Tiger II]]: gun mantlet can be penetrated by BR-412D, hull is impenetrable (aim at the left side of the turret to take gunner, commander and possibly breech. Aim at right side of the turret if the tank is facing at you for a safe reload as this will take his loader out in case he fired)
* [[Centurion (Family)|Centurion]]: all front can be penetrated with BR-412D
* [[Jagdtiger]]: everything except lower frontal plate is impenetrable
* [[Leopard 1 (Family)|Leopard 1]]/[[AMX-30 (Family)|AMX-30]]: all front can be penetrated with BR-412D and higher penetration rounds
* [[T95]]: gun mantlet and hull are impenetrable, cupolas can be penetrated with APHE

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Hard-hitting and accurate gun
* Reloads as fast or faster than the 85 mm, while using the 100 mm gun
* Decently mobile hull, reasonably high average and maximum speed when spaded (same as on the [[Object 120]] but without the extra weight of the turret)
* It has a turret unlike other SU SPGs, although it can only turn 77 degrees in either side and will not save from a flank by itself
* Very stable hull, shooting on the move and while stopping is easy
* Low silhouette
* Can fight like [[YaG-10 (29-K)]] to prolong its existence for as long as possible if enemy only uses kinetic shells
* There is no reason to not take full ammo load, since if its ammo rack was hit the situation was already unsalvageable

'''Cons:'''

* Any shell capable of overpressure damage will annihilate it in one hit, and many tanks at a BR range have HEAT as their top (or even only) shell
* Crew is exposed to MG fire even from the front due to a poorly placed gun shield, tank can be strafed from the sky with no effort
* Sometimes, APHE hitting the gun shield will detonate the ammo rack as well
* Gun traverse is very slow
* Really awful stock performance, it needs every single upgrade to be good at combat
* No HEATFS Shell

== History ==

The SU-100P was a project for an artillery piece in 1945 as well as provide anti-armour capabilities and counter battery (against enemy artillery positions). The main objective was to make it capable of destroying enemies with direct fire. As Europe and the United States were developing Self Propelled Howitzers (SPH) which could fire at close positions and relocate with speed, this was a big concern as towed artilleries were being removed and counter battery started to become a harder task. The Russian artilleries at the time did not have the enough gun elevation to accurately provide artillery support even with towed guns, thus, the main focus was to create a gun which had almost a +40° elevation. The gun chosen for it was the D-50 100 mm rifled bore cannon, a derivation from the widely used D-10 100 mm cannon, the main gun used on the SU-100 tank destroyer.

The SU-100P chassis with this turret configuration proved a wide variety of errors and it never saw mass production but it was the base of many prototype and serviced vehicles at the time, pre Cold War and during Cold War, this being the following:

* SU-152 "Taran" SPG (Object 120)
* SU-152P SPH
* ZSU-37-2 SPAA
* 2S3 Akatsiya SPH
* 2S4 Tyulpan SPH
* 1K17 Szhaite SPL
* 2K11 Krug SAM
* 2K10 Ladoga TBMC

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_su_100p Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|jvtWWmkjL3k|'''SU-100P - Just a Bit Controversial''' - ''Napalmratte''|8bPhAEiOuws|'''SU-100P, Soviet, Tier-4, Tank Destroyer''' - ''Angry Nerd Gaming''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[ZSU-37-2]]
* [[Object 120]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[VFW]]
* [[Waffentrager|Waffenträger]]

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:SU-100P|[Wikipedia] SU-100P]]
* [https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/russia/su-100p.htm <nowiki>[GlobalSecurity]</nowiki> SU-100P (Obiekt 105)]

{{USSR tank destroyers}}

XF5F

2023-11-27T20:24:47Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=xf5f
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
|cockpit=cockpit_xf5f.jpg
|market=XF5F Skyrocket
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} American twin-engine fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.37]].

As a gift vehicle. the XF5F was only obtainable on special occasions throughout the years:

* During the [[wt:en/news/404--en|2014 Winter Magic]] event, the XF5F was given to the players who participated the most in the event.
* During the [[wt:en/news/2598--en|2014 War Thunder Anniversary]] event, the XF5F was one of the few planes that were given away.
* In the [[wt:en/news/3610-special-team-deathmatch-win-rare-vehicles-en|2016 Team Deathmatch]] tournament, the plane was awarded to the top 300 players.
* During the [[wt:en/news/4978-special-us-air-force-day-get-the-xf5f-skyrocket-en|2017 U.S. Air Force day]] event, the plane could be received by performing a single in-game task.
* It was also made available in the [[Warbonds]] shop as a random prize of the Vehicle battle trophy from [[wt:en/news/5432-news-how-can-you-get-premium-vehicles-warbonds-en|April]] to August 2018 and from [[wt:en/news/6349-news-how-can-you-get-premium-vehicles-warbonds-en|September 2019]] to February 2020.
* During War Thunder's [[wt:en/news/7945-special-happy-anniversary-war-thunder-en|10th anniversary]], it was a reward for the "10 rare vehicles" event.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The XF5F Skyrocket is an oddity. Its lightweight and surprising manoeuvrability aren't what you'd expect from a twin-engine fighter. Indeed, it is among the most agile twin-engine planes at this rank. Coupled with the low weight and its two powerplants, this aircraft makes for a unique flying style. The responsive roll and pull, in addition to the effective combat flaps, engine throttle management, and acceleration, allows for some nifty dogfighting against heavier planes that may see you as easy prey. It locks up similar to the XP-50's high-speed compression as you go past 600 km/h.

Keep in mind, however, that the engines will overheat badly at low altitude, and even more so at around 2,800 m due to the supercharger. Overheating isn't nearly as serious at higher altitude (around 12,000 ft / 3,600 m), where fresh air will cool your motor apparatus quickly. Alternatively, you may manually set the radiators to ~40% water/20% oil for continuous 100% engine power. Overall, the XF5F is a plane that favours high altitude, medium speed engagements, where it is safe from crashing in the ground and has room to manoeuvre.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,273 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 558 || 544 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.9 || 22.6 || 7.4 || 7.3 || rowspan="2" | 280
|-
! Upgraded
| 588 || 574 || 20.2 || 21.0 || 12.1 || 9.7
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 722  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 465 || 436 || 290 || ~11 || ~7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 350 || < 400 || < 350 || > 300
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 9.5 mm Steel plate in the nose
* 9.5 mm Steel plate behind the pilot
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 in each wingroot)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)|Browning (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (200 rpg = 400 total)
* 2 x 7.62 mm Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==


;Combat tactics

The Skyrocket's primary role is going to be Boom & Zoom; the climb rate is decent, and so is the energy retention if you stay under 550 km/h and opt for smooth, moderate turns. However, the lack of heavy armament means that you will have to keep your guns on target longer in order to achieve considerable damage. Such opportunity comes when the enemy is low on speed and not suspecting any enemies/tunnel-visioned on an ally; for example at the top of a loop, or in a sustained turn fight with an allied plane. If required, you can push the XF5F into a more aggressive energy fighter, similar to the Bf 109 series, where looping back on the enemy while holding superior speed and altitude allows you to extinguish their energy little by little. Some general tips:

* Exploiting the opponent's weakness while relying on a fast straight-line acceleration may allow for escapes out of an unfavourable situation.
* Energy fighters (Bf 109/C.205/La-5) trying to out turn a twin-engine plane can be lured into stall-speed turn fights and intercepted during their subsequent speed recovery.
* Single engagements at low altitude are optimal thanks to fast acceleration trumping dive speed and climb.
* Engagements with multiple opponents are to be avoided since the XF5F needs a substantially longer time to effectively engage and eliminate a target.

;Specific enemies worth noting

In Realistic and Simulator Battles, the stiff opposition, in the form of F4U-1, Bf 109 F, La-5, Yaks, Hurricanes and Ki-61, will give you a serious run for your money. Always make sure you hold the energy advantage at all times and are picking your fights with care.

;Counter-tactics

Countering an XF5F could include out-diving or -stalling with horizontal manoeuvres followed up by a steep ascend, exploiting its weak energy retention and sluggishness at low speeds. Another tactic is to force the XF5F into a head-on attack. Since it's not very well armed, there is a good chance that you will be able to deal damage without receiving much yourself.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Adequate manoeuvrability overall
* Superb turn time
* Nose-mounted armament
* Can fly on a single-engine, albeit not for long
* Does have an arrestor hook, allowing for it to land on a carrier to repair/rearm

'''Cons:'''

* Horrendous armament
* Control surfaces compress hard after exceeding around 600 km/h
* Horrible energy retention
* Large profile,making it an easy target
* Large, fragile engines
* Prolonged usage of engines at 100% throttle causes it to overheat
* Poor climb rate
* Terrible high altitude performance
* No WEP in RB/SB
* Arrestor Hook is short/non-extendable, making carrier landings tricky

== History ==

The Grumman XF5F Skyrocket was a prototype twin engine, carrier-borne, interceptor aircraft; developed for the United States Navy. In January 1938, the U.S. Navy issued a specification calling for a lightweight carrier-based fighter / interceptor to replace the obsolete biplanes which were in use at the time. Five companies issued proposals, of which Grumman, Vought and Bell received contracts to produce a prototype. Grumman produced the XF5F Skyrocket, to complete with Vought's XF4U-1 Corsair (the prototype of the legendary [[F4U (Family)|F4U Corsair]]), and Bell's XFL Airabonita (a naval version of the [[P-39 (Family)|P-39 Airacobra]]).

The requirement put an emphasis on the aircraft achieving the highest speed possible, and so for this reason the Grumman engineers chose to design a dual engine fighter. Grumman planned to fit the aircraft with two 23mm Madsen cannons, along with two Browning .30 machine guns; although this would eventually be revised with Browning .50 machine guns replacing the cannons. The main landing gear of the Skyrocket was built into the engine nacelles, and the wings were made to fold upwards just outboard of the engines in order to take up less room on aircraft carriers.

The Skyrocket was the first of the three prototypes to fly, taking to the air for the first time on 1st April 1940 and becoming the worlds first twin engined carrier-borne fighter. It was followed shortly after by the Airabonita on 13th May and the Corsair on 29th May. The XF5F proved to have good overall flight characteristics in it's first flight; however a number of problems were soon found with the aircraft. The oil cooling system was found to be inadequate, and the landing gear doors did not function properly. Following early test flights many modifications were made to the aircraft, including improvements to the cooling system, reducing the size of the cockpit canopy, redesigning aspects of the engine nacelles, and adding spinners to the propellers.

Bell's XFL Airabonita had been plagued with technical and design issues relating to the engine, aircraft balance, and landing gear; leading to it being rejected by the Navy. This left just the XF5F and XF4U in the competition. The XF5F had shown a high top speed of 616 km/h in early tests, and had proven itself to have an excellent climb rate of 4,000 ft/min, compared to the XF4U's 2,660 ft/min. However the single engine XF4U soon proved to be a better overall aircraft, achieving speeds of 650 km/h in later test flights, beating the dual engine XF5F.

On the 30th June 1941 the Navy gave Vought a contract to start producing the Corsair, and it soon became apparent that no such order would be placed for the Skyrocket. The XF5F continued flying as a test bed aircraft, but continued to be plagued by landing gear issues, eventually suffering two gear failures, the second of which lead to the aircraft being written off in December 1944.

Following the rejection of the XF5F Grumman worked on developing a dual engine land based fighter, the [[XP-50]]. The XP-50 was visually similar to the XF5F; however it had a longer nose, extending forwards of the wing, and a tricycle undercarriage. It also had more powerful engines than the XF5F, giving it significantly better flight performance. During testing of the single XP-50 prototype the turbo-supercharger on one of the aircraft's engines exploded, destroying the landing gear and forcing the pilot to abandon the aircraft. Using their experience from the XF5F and XP-50 Grumman finally developed the [[F7F-1|F7F Tigercat]], which was accepted into service, becoming the first dual engine fighter to be deployed by the US Navy.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=xf5f Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|OcYq1It4TAI|War Thunder Premium Review: XF5F Skyrocket [Ugly Duckling]}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[XP-50]]
* [[F7F-1]]
* [[F7F-3]]

;Similar airframe

* [[Ro.57 Quadriarma]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/97454-grumman-xf5f/ War Thunder Aircraft Data Sheet: Grumman XF5F]
* [http://www.aviation-history.com/grumman/xf5f.html Aviation History Online Museum - Grumman XF5F-1 Skyrocket]
* [http://www.alternatewars.com/SAC/XF5F-1_and_XFL-1_PD_-_26_December_1942.pdf Performance Data of XF5F-1 and XFL-1 (26 Dec 1942)]
* [http://www.alternatewars.com/SAC/SD-260_-_Detail_Specification_for_XF5F-1_(Excerpts)_-_5_May_1938.htm SD-260 Detail Specification for Model XF5F-1 Airplane, May 5, 1938]

{{AirManufacturer Grumman}}
{{USA twin-engine fighters}}
{{USA premium aircraft}}
{{Winter Event}}

Me 163 B-0

2023-11-18T20:25:19Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = German jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = Me 163 B
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=me-163b-0
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.81 "The Valkyries"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 943 || 933 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 22.2 || 22.3 || 26.6 || 23.8 || rowspan="2" | 357
|-
! Upgraded
| 966 || 955 || 21.8 || 22.0 || 46.3 || 36.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || X || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 598 || N/A || 420 || ~10 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 790 || < 600 || < 690 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="3" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="1" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Walter HWK 109-509A-2 || 1
| colspan="1" | 1,990 kg || colspan="2" | 204 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="2" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 1m fuel || 6m fuel
|-
| 166 kg || colspan="2" | Liquid-fuel rocket
| 2,593 kg || 4,000 kg || 4,297 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="3" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 1m fuel || 6m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 1,700 kgf || N/A
| 0.66 || 0.42 || 0.40
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 1,700 kgf (any speed)|| N/A
| 0.66 || 0.42 || 0.40
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The Me 163 B-0 is a glass (or in this case plywood) cannon. It takes very little damage to sever a wing or to set it on fire. However, as long as the plane doesn't spin out, you can fly relatively easily while missing wingtips or even a whole wing. One odd quirk of the Komet is that if the engine is set on fire, it cannot burnout due to the fire being unable to reach the wings or pilot. So if close enough to the airfield, it's possible to fly back to base to repair.

The plane can very easily rip off its own wings if not careful. Most often, wings rip off when performing two directional movements at the same time at 700-900 km/h, most commonly pulling up + rolling. Try to incrementally change directions when traveling at high speeds, one direction at a time and short bursts of turning.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, wing-mounted (120 rpg = 240 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, suspended (80 rpg = 160 total)

The Me 163 B-0 can mount 2 additional 20 mm MG 151 cannons. These cannons have no effect on the performance of the plane, and are thus always worth running.

== Usage in battles ==


'''Takeoff'''

Around 240 km/h, the plane will start violently shaking on the runway, often causing hilariously brutal deaths. To avoid this, there are two methods:

* Upon spawning in, open flaps all the way to landing flaps and continue pulling up until you takeoff. This method will work on most maps, but on some runways the plane will still experience the bug and explode.
* At 200 km/h, open landing flaps, and tilt the plane so one wingtip touches the ground.

'''Landing'''

Achieving a safe landing is rather simple. Deploy landing flaps and gears at 400-500 km/h, and continue slowing down to 300 km/h. Once at that speed, gently lower the plane onto the runway, as the plane has a tendency to bounce off the ground. Once on the ground, continue braking until you come to a full stop.

'''Throttle Speeds'''

While flying the Komet, throttle control is critical, as it will greatly conserve your fuel. It's worth noting that fuel consumption is not linear. (e.g. 100% throttle = 100% fuel usage, while 25% throttle = 6.67% fuel usage).

* 100% - This is the speed you want to use while traveling to the battle and in combat. Maximum thrust and speed are achieved here, but those values aren't much different compared to 75%.
* 75% - If in a long-drawn dogfight, consider throttling down to 75%. Every second matters, and the extra 30-60 seconds sometimes outway the lost speed.
* 33% - This is cruising throttle. High speed can still be maintained while conserving large amounts of fuel. Even some manoeuvring is possible if under attack.
* 0% - This is used to glide, which this plane excels at. You can glide very far on 0% throttle or no fuel.

'''Initial Contact'''

There are two main ways to engage enemies with the Komet:

* Boom and Zoom. Climb up to 4-5 km, then throttle back and cruise to the battle. Wait for other players to initiate dogfights, and if you spot an opening, throttle up and dive in for the kill. Most enemies will outrun you, so look for enemies who are traveling slow or who just completed a sharp turn.
* Dogfighting. Climb to 1-2 km, then level out and travel 100% throttle straight towards to enemy. You will often be one of the first people to the fight, so remember to always check your tail. Avoid head-on engagements, and attempt to lure enemies into turnfighting you.

'''Dogfighting'''

This rocket glider excels in turnfights, with a playstyle very similar to the A6M "Zero" at lower BRs. If you can somehow lure an enemy into turnfighting you, it's extremely easy to outmanoeuvre and kill them. But there are several things to take note of:

* Almost every other plane will outrun the Komet. Never plan to escape through speed, only through manoeuvres or friendlly support.
* Missiles are your worst enemy. They're very hard to dodge at low speed and high speed (due to compression). So if you see someone tailing you with missiles, prepare to dodge.
* Lowering the enemies' speed is the best way to gain the advantage. A great way to do this is by performing straight vertical climbs with evasive manoeuvring. Done correctly, you can flip over onto the enemy plane and catch them before they have a chance to get away.
* The Komet is very small, and thus very hard to hit. And long as you don't fly slow or straight, enemies will really struggle to bring you down.

'''Returning to Base'''

A good time to return to base is when on 90-120 seconds of fuel. Anything below that and you'll have to throttle down to conserve fuel on the return journey, taking more time and making the plane far more vulnerable.

'''After A Successful Landing'''

Many games will have been decided by the time you return to the runway and rearm for the first time. Always check the scoreboard before taking back off. It might be a 10-vs-1, which (hopefully) the rest of the team can handle without you. On the flipside, it might be a 1-vs-10, and taking off guarantees an early grave.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very high climb rate, decent acceleration
* Amazing dogfighter, outmanoeuvring jets in almost any situation
* Well-suited to high altitudes due to its rocket engine
* Excellent manoeuvrability
* Small target

'''Cons:'''

* Extremely limited fuel capacity
* Prone to wing overload crashes when the fuel tanks are full
* Fragile airframe
* Aircraft easily compresses above 750 km/h
* Limited ammo capacity
* Low muzzle velocity ammunition
* No airbrakes
* Not strong guns.
* Slower than most

== History ==

The '''Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet''' is a German interceptor aircraft designed for point-defence that is the only rocket-powered fighter aircraft ever to have been operational and the first piloted aircraft of any type to exceed 1,000 km/h (621 mph) in level flight. Designed by Alexander Lippisch, its performance and aspects of its design were unprecedented. German test pilot Heini Dittmar in early July 1944 reached 1,130 km/h (700 mph), an unofficial flight airspeed record unmatched by turbojet-powered aircraft for almost a decade.

Over 300 Komets were built, but the aircraft proved lacklustre in its dedicated role as an interceptor and destroyed between 9 and 18 Allied aircraft against 10 losses. Aside from combat losses, many pilots were killed during testing and training, at least in part due to the highly volatile and corrosive nature of the rocket propellant used in later models of the aircraft. This includes one pilot by the name of Oberleutnant Josef Pöhs, who was dissolved by the rocket fuel following an incident that resulted in a ruptured fuel line.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=me-163b-0 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200px">
File:Me 163B-0 WTWallpaper 001.jpg
File:Me 163B-0 WTWallpaper 002.jpg
File:Me 163B-0 WTWallpaper 003.jpg
File:Me 163B-0 WTWallpaper 004.jpg
File:Me 163B-0 WTWallpaper 005.jpg
File:Me 163B-0 WTWallpaper 006.jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|2NgpHefq0hc|'''Rocket Planes''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 02:13 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|INb9VjLxKf0|'''Most unusual aircraft''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 2:24 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|y_BcBzYVOeU|'''The Shooting Range #116''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 09:19 discusses the Me 163.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5763-development-me-163b-0-model-update-en|[Devblog] Me 163B-0, Model Update]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/320874-messerschmitt-me-163-b-1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer BFW}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

Panzer IV/70(A)

2023-11-11T14:41:09Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = German tank destroyer '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = Panzer IV/70(V)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_pz_IV_L70_A
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_PanzerIV70(A).jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' ([[Abbreviations#.28DE.29_Sd.Kfz._Index|German armoury designation:]] '''Sd.Kfz. 162/1''') is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} German tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced as a [[wt:en/news/668--en|premium pack]] in [[Update_1.41#19.06.2014_-_1.41.27.12|Update 1.41.27]] and was removed from the store after the [[wt:en/news/5232-shop-winter-sales-special-bundle-and-gift-certificates-en|2018 Winter sale]]. It was reintroduced in 2018 for [[wt:en/news/5852-special-news-war-thunder-s-birthday-discounts-and-gifts-en|War Thunder's 6th Anniversary]] as a premium purchasable for Golden Eagles {{ge}} and again removed after the [[wt:en/news/7408-news-happy-birthday-war-thunder-en|9th Anniversary Sale]].

The Jadgpanzer IV/70 is an effective anti-tank weapon. It is armed with a 75 mm gun and is very capable of taking out the armour it faces at its rank, with only one shot needed to dispatch them. Taking advantage of its good speed of 40 km/h, head over to sniping locations, and using its good frontal armour at distance, can easily knock out enemy vehicles easily with little danger and risk.

However, the Panzer IV/70 (A), is arguably less effective than its counterpart built by Vomag, the [[Panzer_IV/70(V)|Panzer IV/70(V)]]. The vehicle's tall profile has positive and negative aspects. It means it is more visible, especially at longer ranges. However, it does allow the player to see and shoot over taller obstructions that the Panzer IV/70(V) would be unable to.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


The IV/70 (A) is strong but has weak armour for the rank. Try to trade blows with most enemy vehicles as the armour simply doesn't provide comprehensive protection. This, coupled with the very vulnerable, large flanks makes it highly unsuitable as a front line assault vehicle.

All in all, the side of the IV/70 (A) is a goldmine of weak spots for an accurate player. The tall-slab sided IV/70 (A) is very vulnerable to flanking fire as the side armour is only 40 mm thick. For those aiming at the sides, it is very easy to search for ammunition rack, using the rods on the side of the hull as reference points. From there, aim down a tad below the top of the mesh skirts, and an ammunition hit/detonation is almost certain.

Even parts of the front armour are a little lacking; certainly inferior to the Panzer IV/70(V). The sloped upper superstructure gives an effective thickness of around 125 mm, very good for this battle rating, but it has an unsloped 80 mm hull and an 80 mm lower hull that is only very slightly sloped. Avoid firing at the gun mantlet. It is heavily sloped and in excess of 200 mm equivalent flat armour.

From behind, it is advisable to aim for the large, flat rear superstructure above the engine deck. The Commander and Gunner can be eliminated with a single well-placed shot. After the Gunner is taken out, aim for the engine to prevent the vehicle from turning to engage {{PAGENAME}}.

'''Armour type:'''

*Rolled homogeneous armour
*Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet)
*Structural steel (Side skirts)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle)!! Sides (Slope angle) !! Rear (Slope angle) !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 20 mm (84°), 80 mm (47°) ''Front glacis'' 80 mm (55°) ''Lower glacis'' || 30 + 5 mm || 22 mm (5-16°) || 20 mm
|-
| Superstructure || 80 mm (9-50°) ''Front plate'' 75 + 75 mm''Gun mantlet'' || 40 mm (18°) || 30 mm || 20 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick and tracks are 20 mm thick.
* The hull sides are protected by an extra 5 mm thick plate to provide protection against HEAT and HE rounds.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=426|rbMinHp=265|AoAweight=0.45}}

Forward speed is sufficient, topping out at 40 km/h (approximately 25 mph) but the reverse speed of -7 km/h (approximately -4 mph), while acceptable, isn't anything special. This vehicle isn't a speed demon and isn't built for lightning fast flanking manoeuvres. It's much more comfortable behind the lines, acting like an anti-tank gun with treads that responds to threats rather than spearheading assaults.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|PaK42 (75 mm)}}

At this rank, the L/70 cannon can punch through almost any vehicle that may be encountered, with the US Sherman Jumbo and Soviet IS tanks being the only real tough nuts.

The lack of a turret means the player should not be overly aggressive. The vehicle cannot turn particularly fast. The gun traverse is limited, so a fast vehicle can easily get behind it. This tank should stay back and use the excellent muzzle velocity and penetration of the L/70 cannon to destroy targets from afar. Stay in cover, or behind the team's mediums and heavies, and provide fire support. But don't be an obvious target.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[PaK42 (75 mm)|75 mm PaK42]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 60 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+15° || rowspan="2" | ±10° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 7.04 || 9.75 || 11.84 || 13.09 || 13.93 || rowspan="2" | 9.62 || rowspan="2" | 8.51 || rowspan="2" | 7.84 || rowspan="2" | 7.40
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 4.76 || 5.60 || 6.80 || 7.52 || 8.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:KwK42 (75 mm)/Ammunition|PzGr 39/42, Sprgr. 42, PzGr 40/42}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_PanzerIV70(A).jpg|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''60''' || 34 ''(+26)'' || 7 ''(+53)'' || 1 ''(+59)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Racks disappear after you've fired all shells in the rack.
* To go into battle with the left flank empty of ammo, pack fewer than 34 ''(+26)'' shells (rack 1 empty).

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|MG42 (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG42 (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm MG42]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Hull || 600 (150) || 1,200 || -2°/+5° || ±5°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

This vehicle is very much a defensive weapon that should only be on the offensive if the situation is desperate. The gun it is armed with is one of the best at this rank. In terms of penetration and muzzle velocity, it will make short work of all but the toughest tanks. When taking fire, however, the IV/70(A)'s protection is inconsistent at best. Shots that strike the sloped upper superstructure are likely to bounce, but anywhere else and the shell will almost certainly penetrate at closer ranges. It is best to avoid confrontation if possible and let the other members of the team take the damage to allow the player to pick and choose the engagement. Ideally, the enemy won't have a chance to return fire. Allow room between the {{PAGENAME}} and the enemy, and avoid traversing high-traffic areas; instead, keep an eye on them from a distance and let the enemy come towards the {{PAGENAME}}.

Urban areas should be avoided if possible. Entering such an area is an invitation for the enemy to flank, and the closeness of the engagements negates the main advantage of this tank: the gun. Engaging the enemy at close range doesn't utilise the L/70's excellent penetration at range.

===Arcade battles===
In Arcade battles, with the shot indicator showing the player where shots will land, the high-velocity L/70 can accurately hit targets at long ranges, and targets on the move as the shells arrive quickly at the target.
The penetration indicator, which changes colour based on the chance of successful penetration, is a problem for the IV/70 (A). It highlights the weak areas of the tank to enemy players, making the weak spots obvious.

Arcade tends to be faster-paced than Realistic and Simulator, so the lack of a turret may be a large detriment as being flanked is quite common in this mode.

===Realistic/Simulator battles===
With a lack of markers above tanks and larger combat zones, Realistic and Simulator suit this vehicle well. Taking up a concealed firing position and engaging enemies from a distance is what this tank excels at. Be mindful of flanking attacks though, if consideration of exposed flanks and careful checking of these areas is not performed, it will likely be too late to respond to an enemy on a flank or behind. Keeping with the 'anti-tank gun with treads' analogy, zooming across the map and looking for enemies is not how this tank should be played. Let the enemy do the work because this tank is very poorly suited to assaulting. Usage of the binoculars is highly advised as they allow a zoomed-in 360-degree view without having to move the vehicle.

At the start of the match, the Panzer IV/70(A) is best used as a sniper for most of the times. The player can adapt their tactics from the StuG IIIs and the Jgdpz. 38t. A good way to get kills is to find a spot that:

* provides hard cover
* overlooks a key street / passage way
* has bushes to hide in
* is not too close to the frontline

This way the player can use the bushes to hide the Pz IV/70. If any opponent appears in the sight, the player can kill it easily with the great penetration, velocity and damage of the main cannon. If the enemy notices the player, either go back in cover until they are distracted, or utilise the sturdy frontal armour and be a "heavy tank". It can bounce quite some shells, given that the enemy's guns aren't strong enough.

As the match progresses, the player can use the Pz IV/70 as a medium tank since it has good top speed and traverse. Go cap some points and help the teammates to push. With its low profile, the Pz IV/70 can find a comfortable corner around a point and ambush any point-cappers. Now the situational awareness comes into place, as this vehicle is turretless, meaning it cannot respond quickly to close-quarter sudden encounters. Also note that the side armour is extremely thin, so even if the player thinks they're just angling a little bit, shells like the Soviet 85 or 122 mm will still penetrate with ease.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

* [[IS-2]], [[ISU-122]], [[SU-152|SU]]/[[ISU-152]]: The Pz IV/70 relies on its frontal armour a lot to survive, so the biggest threats are generally the vehicles with high penetration. These machines with high calibre guns pose the biggest threat, as their APHEBC shells will slice through the Pz IV/70's frontal armour like butter, and their damage is more than enough to kill all the crew inside. Try and finish them off first before they see you. If they do, quickly go to a nearby cover and either call for help, or wait until they fire / are distracted.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent firepower: decent rate of fire and good accuracy for the main gun. Stock shell has great penetration and damage, and can easily penetrate and one-shot most opponents like T-34-85, [[M4A2]] / A3, [[IS-1]], etc
* Decent top speed of 40 km/h with good acceleration means excellent cross country performance
* Adequate gun depression of 5 degrees for a compact hull.

'''Cons:'''

* Lacks a turret which limits its combat potential and makes it vulnerable to flankers like [[M18 GMC|M18]]
* Closely packed crew meaning a penetration from any angle will likely to destroy the tank.
* Poor overall armor inadequate against almost all guns in and below its br.
* The downward side of the gun mantlet is prone to trapshots (shell ricocheting down into the hull roof) which is lethal.

== History ==


===Development===
In September 1942, the Wehrmacht arms bureau called for a new type of assault vehicles. The specifications listed were 100 mm front armour, 40-50 mm on the sides, wide tracks, a top speed of 26 km/h, ground clearance of 50 cm, and a very low firing position. The design was to be armed with the 75 mm Pak 42 mounted on the [[Panther D|Panther]] tanks. Though this project was originally conceived over a completely new chassis, the [[Pz.IV G|Panzer IV]] was chosen to be used instead. The design was to have a low silhouette and an enclosed casemate fighting compartment after experiences with the [[Marder III H|Marder IIIs]] showed that such features were necessary for a successful fighting vehicle.

The Panzer IV chassis was converted into the '''Jagdpanzer IV''', which featured new designs to the original. The utilization of the Panzer IV chassis was met with much criticism by General Heinz Guderian, who saw the diverting of Panzer IV tank resources as unnecessary since the current assault gun [[StuG_III_G|StuG III]] was more than adequate in the role and Germany still needed reliable tanks that it could use. The vertical front hull armour was replaced with large sloped armour plates, ammunition and fuel were moved to accommodate the new superstructure design, and the auxiliary engine that once powered the Panzer IV turret was removed. The superstructure had 80 mm thick sloping armour that gives it an effective 100 mm thick. To simplify the production of this vehicle, the superstructure was essentially made of large interlocking plates that are welded together. The vehicle had a crew of four, the commander, gunner, loader, and driver. The vehicle was armed with a 75 mm gun, though originally suppose to be the one from the Panther, shortages forced the mounting of older guns such as the 75 mm Pak 39 L/48 cannon, which were less powerful than the Panther's PaK 42, but were still lethal. Due to the different gun mounts, three main variants were produced from the Jagdpanzer IV, the original [[Jagdpanzer IV|Jagdpanzer IV]] (with the 75 mm Pak 39 L/48 cannon), the [[Panzer IV/70(V)|Panzer IV/70 (V)]], and the '''Panzer IV/70 (A)''' (Both of which have the 75 mm Pak 42 L/70 cannon).

The Panzer IV/70 (A), mounting the 75 mm Pak 42, was produced by Alkett, a manufacturer of the [[StuG III G|StuG III]] (hence the "A"). It was produced from August 1944 to March 1945 and was made for the purpose of simplifying the design for easier manufacturing and increased the production rate. To make production easier, the design used an unmodified Panzer IV chassis, while the previous two used a modified superstructure built up from the suspension. The unmodified chassis gave the Panzer IV/70(A) the flat frontal hull known on the Panzer IV design, with which the sloped armour is built on top of. This, in turn, caused the overall height of the vehicle to be increased by 50 cm, which gave it a much bigger silhouette, but was done to simplify production and send more of the 75 mm Pak 42 L/40 to the front lines as quickly as possible. The Panzer IV/70 (A) was more of an interim solution in order to fulfil battlefield demands, only about 278 units were produced before production ended. The early version had Zimmerit anti-magnetic paste added to the vehicle. However, the Zimmerit was removed after September 1944 due to rumours that they were causing vehicle fires. Other modifications were made to the design over time, but the biggest change in its production was the addition of Schürzen side armour plates.

===Combat usage===
The Jagdpanzer IV (the name was interchangeable between all of its variants) was first issued on March 1944 and was employed in an anti-tank role in the Western and Eastern Front. The Jagdpanzer IV participated in the Normandy Campaign, Battle of the Bulge, and the Soviet Offensives on the Eastern Front. Their overall performance was very successful as tank destroyers and only sub-par in other roles that are usually taken by tanks or assault guns, as the high-velocity 75 mm cannon it mounts were unsuitable for anti-infantry and fortification purposes. However, they were soon put in positions of tanks due to shortages of capable fighting vehicles in German inventory. One of the popular Jagdpanzer IV aces was SS-Oberscharführer Rudolf Roy who was attached to the 12th SS Tank Destroyer Battalion. He was killed while looking out of his Jagdpanzer IV hatch during the Battle of the Bulge.

After World War II ended, the Jagdpanzer IV's design still saw service with the German Bundeswehr as the ''[[JPz 4-5|Kanonenjagdpanzer]]'', which has nearly the same design as the Jagdpanzer IV, but most notably with a 90 mm gun. Some captured Jagdpanzer IVs were given out by the Soviet Union to Romania and Syria, but Romania scrapped all the German armour by 1954 and Syria used them in conflicts against Israel until 1967.

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
This variant of the anti-tank gun was developed in two different versions by the companies Vomag AG and Alkett. Though similar in combat power and armour protection, these machines were significantly different in appearance.

Alkett's variant was designated the Panzer IV/70 (A). It featured a highly-armoured cabin mounted on the chassis and hull of a Pz.Kpfw. IV Ausf. J tank. Its combat weight was 28 tons, with a height of 2350 mm. The sides of the chassis were covered with Schurzen side skirts, which were initially all-metal and later mesh. From August 1944 to March 1945, the Nibelungenwerke factory produced 278 of these vehicles.

The Panzer IV, Panzer IV/70 (A), and Panzer IV/70 (V) also had a commander's version produced, with a crew of five men, reduced ammunition, and an additional radio station.

The powerful armament of these vehicles made them quite popular with the Wehrmacht's anti-tank divisions. These self-propelled guns were widely used in combat operations during the final part of the war.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_pz_IV_L70_A Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7114-shop-restoration-of-original-content-en|[Shop] Restoration of original content]]

{{Germany tank destroyers}}
{{Germany premium ground vehicles}}

IS-6

2023-10-24T15:20:19Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_is_6
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|store=5560
}}

== Description ==

The '''IS-6''' is the fifth variant of the IS heavy tank family. It was never mass-produced and remained in the prototype stage. There was an effort to develop a replacement for the [[IS-2]] in the closing years of World War II ('The Great Patriotic War' to the Soviets). The IS-6 (Object 252/Object 253) and IS-4 (Object 701) were created as a result of the development process. This effort was highly classified, with two competing factories creating their designs in complete secrecy for fear of exposing knowledge to one another. On paper, the IS-6 appeared to be superior to any tank in Germany's inventory at the time. However, due to mechanical faults and generally poor performance, it was beaten by its competitor during test trials, the [[IS-4M|IS-4]], which entered service in 1946. Despite this, a last-ditch effort was made to improve the IS-6, with minimal success. The improved IS-6 would be known as the Object 252 November improvement, or simply the Object 252U.

Introduced in [[Update 1.67 "Assault"]], the IS-6 is one of the most feared tanks in its ranks, thanks to its strong main armament and incredible mobility packed inside a steeply sloped, thick armour that most conventional ammunition cannot penetrate. This tank may be used in every role and situation, and it will undoubtedly find a place on the battlefield. The IS-6's excellent mobility and reasonable reverse speed allow it to navigate through challenging environments that many other tanks would struggle with. Players familiar with IS heavy tanks will be happy to learn that the IS-6 has superior manoeuvrability when compared to other variants.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

100 mm sloped at more or less 60° on all sides provide this vehicle with a reputation to be a ''ricochet master''. Firing on the hull from almost any angle will only result in a glancing shot. The only weak spot being the lower sides of the hull and turret sides and rear, the only way to reliably penetrate it is to get a shot from the side. An attentive player that never shows the sides is an invincible opponent. However, be aware of the frontal armour, as the extremely angled turret armour encasing the cannon breech can create a shot trap and ricochet the shell into the driver's area. This will likely result in your ammo exploding. Be wary when facing any opponent.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, turret roof, cupola roof)
* Cast homogeneous armour (turret, cupola)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 100 mm (62-65°) ''Front glacis'' 120 mm (53°) ''Lower glacis'' 100 mm (65°) ''Driver's port'' || 120 mm (45°) ''Top'' 100 + 10 mm ''Bottom'' || 60-75 mm (60°) ''Top'' 60 mm (30°) ''Bottom'' || 20 mm
|-
| Turret || 150 mm (6-45°) ''Turret front'' 100-200 + 50 mm (1-76°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 150 mm (7-51°) || 100 mm (5-50°) || 30 mm
|-
| Cupola || colspan="3" style="text-align:center" | 100 mm (cylindrical) || 100 mm ''Outer ring'' 30 mm ''Centre''
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

*Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick while tracks are 30 mm thick. Torsion bar connectors by the wheels are 60 mm thick.
*Spaced armour plates are placed on the sides, giving an additional 10 mm of side armour.

From the front, only high-end rounds (HEATFS, HESH, APFSDS) can penetrate the IS-6. Otherwise, flank it since its lower side armour is flat behind the tracks. In a close to medium range fight, if the IS-6 is static and facing you, try to shoot its right side turret cupola, a penetrating APHE shell may knock out the commander and gunner, disabling the tank (some large calibre rounds can even knock out the loader and/or driver, resulting in an instant elimination). This strategy is not applicable with rounds that don't have HE filler.

Another weak spot is the left side of the mantlet which has the optics in it. This part of the armour is thin enough that most shells at the BR can penetrate it, and in doing do, incapacitate the commander and gunner and destroy the cannon breech. If you are lucky and the IS-6 has ammo in the back of its turret, there is a chance to detonate it as well for an instant elimination.

If you happen to flank an IS-6, take the time to aim since half of its side is covered by its dreaded armour. A missed shot will alert the IS-6 player, withdrawing with its fast speed from sight before another shot could be landed. Turret sides and back can ricochet rounds as well, so keep the hull as a priority target.

If encountering this foe from its back, keep in mind to aim for the middle of the engine deck since plates on both sides are as though as their frontal counterparts. If confident, go for it and aim at the turret back.

Any round penetrating the crew compartment leads to an ammo rack detonation most of the time since this tank's interior is filled with ammo all over the place.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=904|rbMinHp=619}}

If used well, the {{PAGENAME}} can get into position as fast as a T-54. It is certainly one of the fastest late IS-series tanks. It reaches 44.3 km/h (27.5 mph), the top speed in RB, with ease and has a reverse speed of -16.1 km/h (10 mph).

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|D-30T (122 mm)}}

The IS-6 features an upgraded version of the [[D-25T (122 mm)|D-25T]] gun found on other IS series variants, the D-30T. Though identical ballistically, it provides a much faster reload, with the IS-6 having a default reload rate only 0.5 seconds longer than the [[T-10M]]. The IS-6 uses the same ammo load as the [[IS-3]] with the best shell being the BR-471D.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[D-30T (122 mm)|122 mm D-30T]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 30 || rowspan="2" | -3°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 11.33 || 15.68 || 19.04 || 21.06 || 22.40 || rowspan="2" | 20.54 || rowspan="2" | 18.17 || rowspan="2" | 16.75 || rowspan="2" | 15.80
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.33 || 9.80 || 11.90 || 13.16 || 14.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:D-30T (122 mm)/Ammunition|BR-471, OF-471, BR-471B, BR-471D}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''30''' || 13 ''(+17)'' 25 ''(+5)'' || 9 ''(+21)'' 19 ''(+11)'' || 7 ''(+23)'' 13 ''(+17)'' || 5 ''(+25)'' 7 ''(+23)'' || 3 ''(+27)'' 1 ''(+27)'' || 1 ''(+29)''   || No
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* The {{PAGENAME}} uses two-piece ammunition, composed of propellant bags (orange) and projectiles (yellow). Both have separate racks.
* Turret empty: 13 (+17) shells.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|DShK (12.7 mm)|DT (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[DShK (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm DShK]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 300 (50) || 600 || -4°/+85° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[DT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm DT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 2,016 (63) || 600 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The IS-6 brings about improved mobility characteristics compared to the [[IS-3]] in the tech tree, yet retains similar armour characteristics and firepower (though it lacks the higher-penetrating BR-471D shell). This mobility improvement should not be taken lightly as it allows the IS-6 to react faster to new threats, whether it be an offensive push, a repositioning, or a short withdrawal.

The role the IS-6 excels at is as a breakthrough vehicle. The IS-6 should take front stage when it comes to assaulting an objective. Its speed and armour can allow the heavy tank to take on enemy fire while on the move as most AP rounds will struggle to penetrate the IS-6 when its armour remains sloped towards the enemy. Make the enemies focus on the IS-6 so teammates can move up and engage the enemies from different angles. Once the enemy focuses on the teammates, move up and assist in taking out the enemy with the IS-6's 122 mm gun.

Firepower may be rather lacklustre against heavier targets with the maximum 230 mm penetration at point-blank range, meaning shots with the IS-6 need to be carefully aimed towards the enemy's weak points. Combined with the lengthy reload, the first shot the IS-6 takes on an enemy is essential as it may determine the outcome of the engagement. These limiting factors mean that the ideal fighting range for the IS-6 is around 500 metres, as this allows the IS-6 to make the most of the 122 mm gun's penetration and velocity while staying far enough away that the enemy could not quickly rush the IS-6 while it is reloading. The reloading weakness can also be mitigated by having an escape plan ready, so use the IS-6's mobility to make a tactical retreat.

These features make the IS-6 a somewhat good defender as well, taking the role after assaulting an objective. Making use of cover in a capture area, the IS-6 can lock down chokepoints and focus its 122 mm gun down the range, using its mobility to quickly withdraw after a shot. As the IS-6 would be watching in a more stationary role, the gun handling would be more stable so to be able to make longer-ranged shots against enemies attempting to (re)capture the point. Do keep in mind the bad gun depression of only -3°, so the IS-6 is likely to have a good part of its armour exposed when attempting to face the enemy from a defensive position. As stated above, ensure a good escape strategy is formulated so that a bad 122 mm shot doesn't result in the enemy swarming the IS-6.

Facing enemies with HEATFS rounds is a dire situation for the IS-6 as the armour is not thick enough to withstand the round in any angle. Extreme caution should be taken when fighting those tanks. It would be more ideal to withdraw into a different firing position and either wait to ambush the enemy tank as it comes to pursue the IS-6 or provide teammates the opportunity to take out the enemy.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Reload rate considerably faster than usual 122 mm, default is only half a second slower than the T-10M
* The best 122 mm shell available is still manageable due to good overmatching mechanics and tremendous post-penetration damage potential
* Frontal armour is a 100 mm plate sloped at a very steep angle, making it mostly immune to anything that isn't APDS, HEATFS or APFSDS
* Like the IS-3, the lower plate isn't a weak spot
* Very good as side-scraping due to the high levels of side armour
* The turret is both small, well-armoured, and rounded
* The weak spot on the turret front is smaller than the Tiger II's, hitting it at ranges exceeding 500 m is very difficult
* Very low profile for a heavy, meaning it can hide in places that the Tiger II simply can't
* Is very fast and manoeuvrable for a heavy tank
* Due to the armour, fire rate, and reverse speed, the IS-6 is very good at shoot-and-scoot tactics as well as brawling
* Has a 12.7 mm pintle-mounted heavy machine gun on the roof
* Due to the top speed, high levels of armour, and firepower, the IS-6 is a more versatile tank than the IS-3

'''Cons:'''

* Enemies firing HEAT and APDS are common and can penetrate the IS-6's armour with ease
* The IS-6 is still very capable of getting the turret front penetrated by tanks like the Tiger II, T29, and Centurion Mk 3
* Like most Russian heavies, has an abysmal 3 degrees of gun depression, so finding the proper hull down locations is hard
* The 4-man crew is crammed in a small crew compartment that's full of ammo, and penetrating APHE shell will likely incapacitate the entire turret crew or set off an ammo explosion
* 7.7 br makes this tank a shell of its former self

== History ==


The Chelyabinsk Kirov Plant Work (ChKZ) began drafting the designs of a new heavy tank on 02 May 1944<ref name="TankArchivesElectric" /> with an electrotransmission, a drive system that was used on the German [[Ferdinand|Ferdinand/Elefant]]. The plant was officially ordered to begin work on June 08<ref name="KinnearT10" /> for two versions of the heavy tank, with emphasis of having significant advantages over the current [[IS-2 (1944)|IS-2 heavy tank]]. The heavy tank was designated as the '''IS-6''' and the two versions were the ''Object 252'' with a mechanical transmission and the ''Object 253'' with a electric transmission.<ref name="TankArchivesLaunch" /> Both prototypes were produced in the Fall of 1944 and were sent to be tested at the NIIBT testing grounds at Kubinka.

The two prototypes differed in more ways than just the transmission. Object 252 used the mechanical transmission from the [[IS-3]], with large road wheels and no track rollers for its torsion bar suspension.<ref name="BoldyrevTank" /> Object 253 used an electric transmission with a suspension that looked similarly to previous IS iterations with smaller road wheels and track rollers. The IS-6 prototypes failed to stay under the weight of the IS-2, being around 51.5 tons.<ref name="TankArchives257" /> The 122 mm gun arming the IS-6 was the D-30, compared to the D-25T on the predecessors. The D-30 implemented features such as the D-25's monobloc design, the 100 mm D-10's breech and gas block, a two-spring balancing mechanism, a lengthened D-25 mount, and a fume extractor. This gun was installed onto the IS-6 prototypes in December 1944.<ref name="TankArchivesD-30" />

The IS-6 prototypes were tested alongside the ''Object 701'' (the prototype of the [[IS-4M|IS-4]]).<ref name="TankArchives257" /> The two IS-6 prototypes proved disappointing, with the Object 253's electric transmission being too complex, expensive, and unreliable.<ref name="KinnearT10" /> The Object 252's mechanical transmission also suffered from reliability issues. Suspension problems also impacted the IS-6, with its speed dropping below the heavier Object 701. It was hoped that the electric transmission would help make the tank more manoeuvrable, but the heavy weight prohibited any vast improvements.<ref name="BoldyrevTank" /> Overall, the IS-6 armour was deemed to not provide any improvements over existing designs, having only comparable armour, firepower, and mobility to the IS-2 and IS-3. In 1945, all work on the IS-6 ceased as work continued on the Object 701.<ref name="TankArchives257" />

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_is_6 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|hb-P5hQN6K0|'''The Shooting Range #308''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 03:54 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|JGxJqegdhac|'''War Thunder''' - How to destroy the IS-6.|N6PVSequHlM|'''The Shooting Range #37''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:29 discusses the IS-6.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/4564-development-is-6-the-soviet-hammer-en/|[Devblog] IS-6: the Soviet Hammer]]

=== References ===
<references>
<ref name="BoldyrevTank">Boldyrev, Eugeni. "Last Heavy Tanks of the USSR." The Russian Battlefield. N.p., 18 Sept. 2011. Web. 08 Jan. 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200214024555/http://english.battlefield.ru/tanks/10-heavy-tanks/21-last-heavy-tanks.html Web Archive]</ref>
<ref name="KinnearT10">Kinnear, James, and Stephen L. Sewell. ''Soviet T-10 Heavy Tank and Variants''. N.p.: Osprey Pub, 2017. Print</ref>
<ref name="TankArchivesD-30">TankArchives. "D-30 Gun for the IS-6." Tank Archives. N.p., 19 Sept. 2013. Web. 08 Jan. 2018. [http://tankarchives.blogspot.com/2013/09/d-30-gun-for-is-6.html Website]</ref>
<ref name="TankArchivesElectric">TankArchives. "Electrical Transmission." Tank Archives. N.p., 02 June 2014. Web. 08 Jan. 2018. [http://tankarchives.blogspot.com/2014/06/electrical-transmission.html Website]</ref>
<ref name="TankArchives257">TankArchives. "Object 257: The First IS-7." Tank Archives. N.p., 12 June 2016. Web. 08 Jan. 2018. [http://tankarchives.blogspot.com/2016/06/object-257-first-is-7.html Website]</ref>
<ref name="TankArchivesLaunch">TankArchives. "Launch of the IS-6." Tank Archives. N.p., 20 Dec. 2016. Web. 08 Jan. 2018. [http://tankarchives.blogspot.com/2016/12/launch-of-is-6.html Website]</ref>
</references>

{{TankManufacturer Uralvagonzavod}}
{{USSR heavy tanks}}
{{USSR premium ground vehicles}}

M26A1

2023-10-04T00:50:49Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
|about= Italian medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage= other versions
|link= M26 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=it_m26a1_pershing
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The M26A1 is an American-made tank which was widely used by Italy during the early stages of the Cold War. The Italian Army would receive Pershing tanks from the USA as part of the Mutual Defense Assistance Act at the beginning of the 1950s. The previously supplied M4 Sherman had become obsolete and needed replacement. They would be in service for many years and quickly became one of the strongest platforms at their disposal.

Introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]], the Italian M26A1 can be quite an effective machine at its battle rating; however, there are some notable weaknesses that players must be aware of when using this tank. The M26A1 is quite a big platform, therefore when in tight urban maps you can be easily taken care of by enemy players which fire at you from positions you aren't able to see. Without its mobility upgrades it is also very slow, so until you unlock them you'll need to play a more supportive role rather an offensive one. Armour-wise, the M26A1 can protect you from a lot of medium calibre shells that will come your way, hull down positions are recommended if you're not advancing. The firepower of the M26A1 is good enough for you to be able to take out the majority of enemies you'll face in 1-2 shots, granted you know their weakspots. You have access to a [[Cannone da 90/50 M3A1 (90 mm)|90 mm Cannone da 90/50 M3A1]] and machine guns which will come in handy against lightly armoured vehicles. Overall, it is a great tank to have for your lineup.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Cast homogeneous armour (Front, turret)
* Rolled homogeneous armour (Side, Rear, Roof)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 101.6 mm (42-46°) ''Front Glacis'' 162.5 mm (25-60°) ''Upper front glacis'' 76.2 mm (28-53°) ''Lower Glacis'' || 76.2 mm (0-1°) ''Front'' 50.8 mm (0-3°) ''Rear'' || 50.8 mm (7°) ''Top'' 22.2 mm (71°) ''Bottom'' || 22.2 mm
|-
| Turret || 101.6 mm (1-55°) ''Turret front'' 114.3 mm (1-84°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 76.2 mm (2-54°) || 76.2 mm (0-79°) || 25.4 mm
|-
| Cupola || 76.2 mm || 76.2 mm || 76.2 mm || 25.4 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 25.4 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 775|rbMinHp= 442}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

It's recommended to unlock Parts and FPE first, then the M82 and APCR shots, and after that focus on mobility.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Cannone da 90/50 M3A1 (90 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Cannone da 90/50 M3A1 (90 mm)|90 mm Cannone da 90/50 M3A1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 70 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 20.0 || 27.7 || 33.6 || 37.2 || 39.5 || rowspan="2" | 9.75 || rowspan="2" | 8.63 || rowspan="2" | 7.95 || rowspan="2" | 7.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 12.5 || 14.7 || 17.9 || 19.7 || 21.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Cannone da 90/50 M3A1 (90 mm)/Ammunition|M77 da 90/50, M82 da 90/50, M304 da 90/50, M332 da 90/50, M71 da 90/50, M313 da 90/50}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! 9th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''70''' || 64 ''(+6)'' || 55 ''(+15)'' || 47 ''(+23)'' || 39 ''(+31)'' || 31 ''(+39)'' || 23 ''(+47)'' || 16 ''(+54)'' || 10 ''(+60)'' || 0 ''(+70)'' || No
|-
|}
[[File:Ammoracks_M26.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the M26 (identical).]]
'''Notes''':

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* 1 shell from rack 7 is fired after rack 1 is emptied. For the purpose of clarity, it is counted as belonging to rack 2 in the table above.
* Rack 9 is a first stage ammo rack. It totals 10 shells and gets filled first when loading up the tank.
* This rack is also emptied early: the rack depletion order at full capacity is: 9 - 1 - 2 - etc. until 8.
* If you pack 16 ''(+54)'' shells, it will keep most of the hull empty of ammo.
* Full reload speed will be realized as long as shells are available in the ready rack 9. If the ready rack is empty, a penalty to reload speed will occur.
* Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from racks 1-8 into rack 9. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready rack.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 600 (200) || 577 || -10°/+50° || ±120°
|-
|}
The roof-mounted M2HB .50 cal heavy machine gun is very good at knocking out tracks, punching through lightly armoured vehicles and shooting down low-flying aircraft. Use it sparingly because of its low ammo count.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 5,000 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}
The small calibre of the M1919A4 machine gun makes it largely ineffective against all armoured vehicles but the ones with an open compartment. It still can be used to ping targets as a rangefinding help or to mow down minor obstacles blocking your line of sight.

== Usage in battles ==


The {{PAGENAME}} is played in a very similar way to the normal M26, but it has more firepower and a slightly better APCR shell. One of the biggest differences is that it often faces Allied tanks instead of Axis tanks. It's as versatile as the original Pershing but with a better gun. It can be used for supporting a teammate whose tank has a long reload time such as [[IS-2]] or [[T32]]. Participate in flanking manoeuvres — your speed and agility are not brilliant, but enough for that. Use the lower profile of Pershing compared to the Sherman's to navigate through the map more stealthily. Your vertical guidance (-10°/20°) allows you to shoot from higher positions without exposing too much of yourself.

The 90 mm gun offers a wide selection of ammunition to be used. The M82 APCBC shot with 140 g of explosive filler is extremely deadly — usually, a successful penetration with this shell will lead to a one hit kill. It lacks a bit of penetration for the rank this vehicle sits at, but it's great for attacking enemies from the side or behind. The M304 and M332 APCR shots give the vehicle the ability to penetrate thicker armour, but they perform poorly against angled armour and have terrible post penetration effects. This means you need to aim for flat surfaces and know the position of ammo or crew members in the enemy tank. Against a [[Tiger II (H)]] for example, this means aiming for the turret if he is looking directly at you on the gunner side. At that position, you can reliably penetrate the turret front from distances up to 1,800 m.

Although you are moderately armoured for your class, most enemies can easily kill you at this rank. A safe playstyle is a must. To reduce direct impacts in frontal engagements angle the {{PAGENAME}}, as the V-shaped frontal armour can deflect some shots and the tank has 76 mm of side armour. Your lower glacis is a big weak spot, try to keep it hidden from the enemy.

One downside to the Pershing is its engine — the power to weight ratio is poor and does not allow for very quick manoeuvring. It uses the same Ford GAF that can be found in the late series M4 Medium tanks, but the Pershing is 8 tons heavier. Being slightly underpowered, the Pershing has a hard time climbing hills. You will need to know the maps and areas you are operating in and use them wisely.

===Tactics===

Urban maps (Poland, Eastern Europe, Hürtgen Forest, Cologne, etc.) are perfect for ambushing, use your moderate speed to catch heavier enemy tanks off-guard. Drop artillery in front of suspected enemy positions if you need to cross a street or relocate, the smoke screen will cover you.

If you have successfully flanked an enemy, your first shot is decisive. If you know that you are not able to knock out the tank in one shot, you should always shoot the breech or the barrel to knock out the gun. The best ammo to do this is the M304 or M332 APCR shots, or the M82 APCBC shot. The APCR will guarantee a 100% successful shot, while the APCBC can also work very good and might destroy everything inside the turret. However, some German tanks have tracks on the turret's sides and if the enemy saw you and is turning their turret, the M82 could bounce. Make sure you don't miss. If you flank a SPG like a Jagdpanther, Jagdtiger or a Ferdinand just aim for the engine to immobilize it and you will have all the time needed to knock it out.

====Arcade Battles====
In arcade battles, it is much harder to flank and ambush enemy tanks because of the player-name system. However, the tank is still very playable and you can make use of different tactics depending on the situation. For urban environments, it's best to move with the team and only poke your head out when you have a good shot and the enemy tank isn't aimed at you. In open terrain, you will still be able to use the hills to your advantage and side-shot / pot-shot enemy tanks. It is worth mentioning, that the Pershing could face slightly heavier enemies due to its higher BR in Arcade Battles. The main rule here is don't show your sides and stay low.

====Realistic/Simulator Battles====
In realistic and simulator battles, The {{PAGENAME}} shouldn't be in the toughest part of the match facing very heavily armoured enemies. It's better to stay behind front lines supporting teammates or to try a flank manoeuvre, as you can't be spotted on the minimap. The battle rating can up-tier you to some top tank battles in simulator mode. The compression and matchmaking can put you into situations where you have to fight Cold War era tanks, which are especially hard to penetrate, even from the sides.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Uses the same gun as the M46 Patton; slightly better penetration compared to the original M26 Pershing
* M82 shot has great post-penetration damage; can easily knock out enemy tanks with a single shot
* Respectable mobility
* Great reverse speed
* Good accuracy on the move thanks to its stable suspension
* Good gun depression enables it to use hull-down tactics
* Fast turret rotation speed
* 76 mm of side armour allows the M26A1 some degree of angling

'''Cons:'''

* Armour can still be penetrated by most guns encountered at its rank
* Stock ammunition will have some difficulty destroying other tanks effectively
* Mediocre acceleration
* Turret ring can get damaged easily

== History ==

{{main|M26#History|l1=History of the M26}}

===Procurement===
The Italian Army received Pershing tanks from the USA as part of the Mutual Defense Assistance Act at the beginning of the 1950s. The previously supplied M4 Sherman had become obsolete and needed replacement. The US Army armoured units stationed in West Germany transitioned from the M26 to the M47 Patton from 1952 through 1953. The M26 tanks, including the M26A1 version, were no longer needed by the US Army and thus given to Italy and France. Italy used their M26 Pershings operationally until 1963, after which they were gradually replaced by more recent M47, M60 and Leopard 1 tanks.

===Usage===
In terms of usage for the Italian M26A1 in its armed forces, the Italian Army received Pershing tanks from the USA as part of the Mutual Defense Assistance Act during the late 1950s. The previously supplied M4 Sherman had become obsolete and needed replacement, and Italy was very afraid that Yugoslavia would invade Italy to try take land they claimed to be the rightful owners of. The US Army armoured units stationed in West Germany transitioned from the M26 to the M47 Patton from 1952 through 1953. The M26 tanks, including the M26A1 version, were no longer needed by the US Army and thus given to Italy and France at a very favourable price. Italy used their M26 Pershings operationally until 1963, after which they were gradually replaced by more recent M47 Patton, M60 and Leopard 1 tanks. Some Italian M26's would be reconfigured for troop transport, but overall the M26A1 would be stationed at Eastern border in Italy with Yugoslavia but never saw combat action.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=it_m26a1_pershing Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|oa26g25qqP4|'''Best medium tanks''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 1:25 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|M4GYnx1g5VU|'''A Hidden "Italian" Gem - {{PAGENAME}} Pershing''' - ''Virus''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[M26 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:M26_Pershing|[Wikipedia] M26 Pershing]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/US/M26_Pershing.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Medium/Heavy Tank M26 Pershing]
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=64 <nowiki>[Military Factory]</nowiki> M26 Pershing]

{{TankManufacturer Ordnance Department}}
{{Italy medium tanks}}

2S1 (Italy)

2023-10-03T20:28:50Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=it_2s1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Hungarian tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}} in the Italian research tree. It was introduced in [[Update "Sons of Attila"]] as part of the Hungarian branch of the Italian tech tree.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.''

{{tankMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|2A31 (122 mm)}}

''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[2A31 (122 mm)|122 mm 2A31]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 40 || rowspan="2" | -3°/+70° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | - || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__
|-
! ''Realistic''
| __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:2A31 (122 mm)/Ammunition|122mm 3OF24, 3BK-10, 122mm 3OF7, 122mm 3OF56}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''40''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

Paper thin armor

Extremely slow turret traverse

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


* [[2S1]]
* [[2S3M]]
* [[Type 75 SPH]]

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Italy tank destroyers}}

T 34 747 (r) (Germany)

2023-10-02T20:02:21Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
|about= premium medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage= other versions
|link= T-34 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_t_34_747
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} German medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.59 "Flaming Arrows"]].

This captured version of [[T-34 (1942)]] is a Soviet T-34-76 modified with additional appliqué armour on the front and removed forward mudguards. There are few cosmetic changes to the turret: the significant improvement is the commander's cupola and few minor changes, but it still plays the same as the Soviet T-34 (1942). The "(r)" in the designation stands for "russisch", indicating a Soviet-captured vehicle.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The T 34 747 (r) has an armour profile that is a combination of the [[T-34 (1942)]] and the [[T-34E STZ]], due to the hexagonal turret's 53 mm thickness and the added-on 15 mm plate to the front hull plate. The addition of 20 mm track armour on the side hull also provide significant side protection against glancing incoming shots.

Beyond the armour profile however, the ability of the T 34 747 (r) to survive a penetrating AP round is rather low. With the ammunition, fuel, and the crew condensed to the front half of the tank, a penetrating shot will likely cripple or outright destroy the tank.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull, Gun mantlet, Turret roof, Cupola)
* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret, Machine gun port, Driver port)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 45 + 15 mm (60°) ''Front glacis'' 99 mm (13-53°) ''Armour joint'' 45 + 15 mm (60°) ''Lower glacis'' || 40 + 20 mm (39-41°) ''Top'' 45 mm (0-2°) ''Bottom'' || 40 mm (7-48°) ''Top'' 40 mm (11-45°) ''Bottom'' || 16 mm 10 mm ''Engine grille cover''
|-
| Turret || 53 mm (2-28°) ''Turret front'' 45 mm (0-65°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 53 mm (0-21°) || 53 mm (19-29°) || 15 mm
|-
| Cupola || 53 mm (9°) || 53 mm (9°) || 53 mm (9°) || 15 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Tracks and suspension wheels has a thickness of 20 mm.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=775|rbMinHp=442}}

The T 34 747 (r) is not much slower than the [[T-34 (1942)]], nor much faster than the armour-ladened [[T-34E STZ]]. As such, the handling of the T 34 747 (r) should be familiar to users of the 76 mm armed T-34 tanks.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|F-34 (76 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[F-34 (76 mm)|76 mm F-34]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 100 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+30° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 23.80 || 32.94 || 40.00 || 44.24 || 47.06 || rowspan="2" | 8.45 || rowspan="2" | 7.48 || rowspan="2" | 6.89 || rowspan="2" | 6.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.88 || 17.50 || 21.25 || 23.50 || 25.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:F-34 (76 mm)/Ammunition|BR-350A (MD-5 fuze), BR-350B (MD-8 fuze), BR-350SP, BR-354P, BP-353A, OF-350M, Sh-354T}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''100''' || 97 ''(+3)'' || 93 ''(+7)'' || 89 ''(+11)'' || 69 ''(+31)'' || 45 ''(+55)'' || 25 ''(+75)'' || 1 ''(+99)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* As they are modeled by sets of 2, shells disappear from the rack only after you fire both shells in the set.
* Taking 89 ''(+11)'' rounds will leave only the ammunition racks at the bottom of the hull, decreasing the risk of ammunition detonation if penetrated.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|DT (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[DT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm DT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 2,898 (63) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

While it is a heavier beast (due to its applique armour on the front) than its [[T-34 (1942)|mod.42 in-tree Soviet counterpart]], it presents a slightly different playstyle, because the player will face the original T-34s. As a captured vehicle, the player will have to apply the same strategies as they would play a normal T-34. The player will reap success against other T-34 users, due to the F-34 cannon's ability to punch through hull weak spots and wreck them from the inside with the high amount of explosive filler in each shell. Hitting the turret ring is also a viable option, but it will struggle to go through the gun mantlet. Applique armour on the front, if unangled, can also stop the occasional shell. It is always recommended to angle the front if facing any opponent listed below. The tank doesn't possess an add-on armour option, but the spare tracks cover both sides providing a few additional millimetres of armour when angling. It is not much, but it is there. The tank also has its front mudguards removed, which leaves your tracks exposed and will be a problem in any engagement. Cover your sides, engage at the medium to close range, and you will reap the rewards.

;Notable opponents

* [[M4]], [[M4A2]] - The T-34's 76 mm gun cannot penetrate the welded hull M4/M4A2 reliably from the front, while the 75 mm gun on the M4/M4A2 can penetrate the T-34's turret and disable or cripple it. They have fragile lower side hull armour (only 38 mm) that can be overmatched by the 76 mm APHEBC round if exposed. The flat areas on the turret can also be penetrated fairly reliably if they can be hit. Generally, avoid head-on engagements, especially if the M4 is hull-down.
* [[M4A1]], [[Sherman II]] - This is similar to the M4/M4A2, except that the cast hull is weaker than the welded hull M4/M4A2, and can be penetrated frontally. Otherwise, the same advice applies.
* [[Pz.IV F2]], [[Pz.IV G|G]], [[Pz.IV H|H]], [[Pz.IV J|J]] (Arcade) - The Ausf. F2 variant is the first Panzer IV to mount a long-barreled 75 mm gun. This gun is one of the most lethal mounted on any tank within the T-34's BR range, and it is easily capable of penetrating the T-34 at most ranges. The Ausf. F2 has fragile armour, however, and is something of a glass cannon. The Ausf. G, H, and J have up-armoured hulls that are quite difficult to penetrate, but their turrets are as weak as those on the F2. The Ausf. J, in particular, has manual turret traverse and is very vulnerable to being flanked. Avoid long-range duels with them.
* [[Chi-Nu II]] - Essentially the Japanese counterpart to the German Panzer IV Ausf. F2.
* [[Churchill Mk III]] - The 6-pounder gun on the Churchill will be hard-pressed to penetrate the sloped T-34 hull, but it can easily penetrate the turret and disable the turret crew. It isn't easy to penetrate the frontal armour of the Churchill at long ranges. However, it is a slow, cumbersome heavy tank, and is easy to outflank and dispatch with shots to the side armour.
* [[Churchill Mk VII]] - The Churchill VII is virtually immune to the T-34 from the front, while its 75 mm gun can penetrate the T-34's turret reasonably easily. Even from the side, it has 95 mm of armour that cannot be penetrated by the BR-350B APHEBC round except at very close range, and even slight angling will render it all but immune. It is even slower than the Churchill III, however, and thus easy to avoid and outflank.
* [[M10 GMC]]/[[Achilles]] - With the powerful 76 mm gun, they can easily penetrate the frontal armour of the T-34 in close to medium range combat. The turret is a shell sponge, as the breech is prone to absorbing shells and shrapnel. However, the hull is only 30 mm thick on the front and will be easily penetrated. An HE shell to the pintle-mounted HMG can also knock out the turret crew.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* The 76 mm cannon can penetrate and knock out most tanks with a single shot
* Good optics
* Very fast and manoeuvrable
* Fast turret rotation
* Can easily flank the enemy team
* Among all the T-34s in the game it has the best armour (most armoured hull with well protected and bouncy turret)
* It doesn't face German 75 mm cannons (RB/SB) and other nations except for Japan and can hardly penetrate the tanks front armour
* The turret and hull both have a high chance of deflecting shots

'''Cons:'''

* The cannon still can't penetrate tanks effectively from long ranges
* The armour is very good but still penetrable
* The turrets ring is easily penetrated by any tank
* Limited gun depression of -5°
* The crew members in the tank are cramped, any shot that penetrates has a high chance of knocking them out
* No forest camo

== History ==

T-34s were the bread and butter of the Red Army, just like IL-2s were for the Air force. But as Germans pushed on Moscow, many tank depots, repair stations and some factories were captured by the Germans, who took the abandoned T-34 and played with them. During the testing, Germans realized that T-34 has few problems, which they tried to correct, and were somewhat successful. Few modifications were made, including the installation of the proper radio equipment since most of the tanks were lacking it (only command variants had a radio) and add-on armour, which increased protection, but Germans still didn't like them as much, due to poor view range and visibility, which was corrected by installing a German commander's cupola. Germans also had to paint them with large crosses and markings, so they don't get attack by friendly aircraft. These T-34s in German service were designated as "Panzerkampfwagen T 34 - 747(r)"

T-34s in German service were used mostly in front-line service, a strange role for a Beutepanzer, as most of them were used in police or anti-partisan duties. The "T 34" was considered too useless for offensive actions, due to the poor visibility inside the tank and poor tank-to-tank communication, but proved to be quite good at the defensive role as a Panzerjäger and infantry support, according to the Panzerjäger-Abteilung 128's experience.<ref name=":0">Vollert, J. (2013). ''Panzerkampfwagen T 34 - 747(r): The Soviet T-34 Tank as Beutepanzer and Panzerattrappe in German Wehrmacht Service 1941–45''. Tankograd.</ref>

Some T-34s were produced under German management by the SS-Panzerwerk Charkow in the Spring of 1943, which were handed to the SS-Panzer-Jäger-Abteilung 2. However, it was not a massive batch, but rather a completion of the remaining unfinished vehicles with the available parts.<ref name=":0" />

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_t_34_747 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


=== References ===
<references />

{{TankManufacturer Morozov}}
{{Germany medium tanks}}
{{Germany premium ground vehicles}}

T 34 747 (r) (Germany)

2023-09-09T22:04:41Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
|about= premium medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage= other versions
|link= T-34 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_t_34_747
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} German medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.59 "Flaming Arrows"]].

This captured version of [[T-34 (1942)]] is a Soviet T-34-76 modified with additional appliqué armour on the front and removed forward mudguards. There are few cosmetic changes to the turret: the significant improvement is the commander's cupola and few minor changes, but it still plays the same as the Soviet T-34 (1942). The "(r)" in the designation stands for "russisch", indicating a Soviet-captured vehicle.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The T 34 747 (r) has an armour profile that is a combination of the [[T-34 (1942)]] and the [[T-34E STZ]], due to the hexagonal turret's 53 mm thickness and the added-on 15 mm plate to the front hull plate. The addition of 20 mm track armour on the side hull also provide significant side protection against glancing incoming shots.

Beyond the armour profile however, the ability of the T 34 747 (r) to survive a penetrating AP round is rather low. With the ammunition, fuel, and the crew condensed to the front half of the tank, a penetrating shot will likely cripple or outright destroy the tank.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull, Gun mantlet, Turret roof, Cupola)
* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret, Machine gun port, Driver port)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 45 + 15 mm (60°) ''Front glacis'' 99 mm (13-53°) ''Armour joint'' 45 + 15 mm (60°) ''Lower glacis'' || 40 + 20 mm (39-41°) ''Top'' 45 mm (0-2°) ''Bottom'' || 40 mm (7-48°) ''Top'' 40 mm (11-45°) ''Bottom'' || 16 mm 10 mm ''Engine grille cover''
|-
| Turret || 53 mm (2-28°) ''Turret front'' 45 mm (0-65°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 53 mm (0-21°) || 53 mm (19-29°) || 15 mm
|-
| Cupola || 53 mm (9°) || 53 mm (9°) || 53 mm (9°) || 15 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Tracks and suspension wheels has a thickness of 20 mm.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=775|rbMinHp=442}}

The T 34 747 (r) is not much slower than the [[T-34 (1942)]], nor much faster than the armour-ladened [[T-34E STZ]]. As such, the handling of the T 34 747 (r) should be familiar to users of the 76 mm armed T-34 tanks.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|F-34 (76 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[F-34 (76 mm)|76 mm F-34]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 100 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+30° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 23.80 || 32.94 || 40.00 || 44.24 || 47.06 || rowspan="2" | 8.45 || rowspan="2" | 7.48 || rowspan="2" | 6.89 || rowspan="2" | 6.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.88 || 17.50 || 21.25 || 23.50 || 25.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:F-34 (76 mm)/Ammunition|BR-350A (MD-5 fuze), BR-350B (MD-8 fuze), BR-350SP, BR-354P, BP-353A, OF-350M, Sh-354T}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''100''' || 97 ''(+3)'' || 93 ''(+7)'' || 89 ''(+11)'' || 69 ''(+31)'' || 45 ''(+55)'' || 25 ''(+75)'' || 1 ''(+99)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* As they are modeled by sets of 2, shells disappear from the rack only after you fire both shells in the set.
* Taking 89 ''(+11)'' rounds will leave only the ammunition racks at the bottom of the hull, decreasing the risk of ammunition detonation if penetrated.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|DT (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[DT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm DT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 2,898 (63) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

While it is a heavier beast (due to its applique armour on the front) than its [[T-34 (1942)|mod.42 in-tree Soviet counterpart]], it presents a slightly different playstyle, because the player will face the original T-34s. As a captured vehicle, the player will have to apply the same strategies as they would play a normal T-34. The player will reap success against other T-34 users, due to the F-34 cannon's ability to punch through hull weak spots and wreck them from the inside with the high amount of explosive filler in each shell. Hitting the turret ring is also a viable option, but it will struggle to go through the gun mantlet. Applique armour on the front, if unangled, can also stop the occasional shell. It is always recommended to angle the front if facing any opponent listed below. The tank doesn't possess an add-on armour option, but the spare tracks cover both sides providing a few additional millimetres of armour when angling. It is not much, but it is there. The tank also has its front mudguards removed, which leaves your tracks exposed and will be a problem in any engagement. Cover your sides, engage at the medium to close range, and you will reap the rewards.

;Notable opponents

* [[M4]], [[M4A2]] - The T-34's 76 mm gun cannot penetrate the welded hull M4/M4A2 reliably from the front, while the 75 mm gun on the M4/M4A2 can penetrate the T-34's turret and disable or cripple it. They have fragile lower side hull armour (only 38 mm) that can be overmatched by the 76 mm APHEBC round if exposed. The flat areas on the turret can also be penetrated fairly reliably if they can be hit. Generally, avoid head-on engagements, especially if the M4 is hull-down.
* [[M4A1]], [[Sherman II]] - This is similar to the M4/M4A2, except that the cast hull is weaker than the welded hull M4/M4A2, and can be penetrated frontally. Otherwise, the same advice applies.
* [[Pz.IV F2]], [[Pz.IV G|G]], [[Pz.IV H|H]], [[Pz.IV J|J]] (Arcade) - The Ausf. F2 variant is the first Panzer IV to mount a long-barreled 75 mm gun. This gun is one of the most lethal mounted on any tank within the T-34's BR range, and it is easily capable of penetrating the T-34 at most ranges. The Ausf. F2 has fragile armour, however, and is something of a glass cannon. The Ausf. G, H, and J have up-armoured hulls that are quite difficult to penetrate, but their turrets are as weak as those on the F2. The Ausf. J, in particular, has manual turret traverse and is very vulnerable to being flanked. Avoid long-range duels with them.
* [[Chi-Nu II]] - Essentially the Japanese counterpart to the German Panzer IV Ausf. F2.
* [[Churchill Mk III]] - The 6-pounder gun on the Churchill will be hard-pressed to penetrate the sloped T-34 hull, but it can easily penetrate the turret and disable the turret crew. It isn't easy to penetrate the frontal armour of the Churchill at long ranges. However, it is a slow, cumbersome heavy tank, and is easy to outflank and dispatch with shots to the side armour.
* [[Churchill Mk VII]] - The Churchill VII is virtually immune to the T-34 from the front, while its 75 mm gun can penetrate the T-34's turret reasonably easily. Even from the side, it has 95 mm of armour that cannot be penetrated by the BR-350B APHEBC round except at very close range, and even slight angling will render it all but immune. It is even slower than the Churchill III, however, and thus easy to avoid and outflank.
* [[M10 GMC]]/[[Achilles]] - With the powerful 76 mm gun, they can easily penetrate the frontal armour of the T-34 in close to medium range combat. The turret is a shell sponge, as the breech is prone to absorbing shells and shrapnel. However, the hull is only 30 mm thick on the front and will be easily penetrated. An HE shell to the pintle-mounted HMG can also knock out the turret crew.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* The 76 mm cannon can penetrate and knock out most tanks with a single shot
* Good optics
* Very fast and manoeuvrable
* Fast turret rotation
* Can easily flank the enemy team
* Among all the T-34s in the game it has the best armour (most armoured hull with well protected and bouncy turret)
* It doesn't face German 75 mm cannons (RB/SB) and other nations except for Japan and can hardly penetrate the tanks front armour
* The turret and hull both have a high chance of deflecting shots

'''Cons:'''

* The cannon still can't penetrate tanks effectively from long ranges
* The armour is very good but still penetrable
* The turrets ring is easily penetrated by any tank
* Limited gun depression of -5°
* The crew members in the tank are cramped, any shot that penetrates has a high chance of knocking them out
* Consistently pulled into an uptier.

== History ==

T-34s were the bread and butter of the Red Army, just like IL-2s were for the Air force. But as Germans pushed on Moscow, many tank depots, repair stations and some factories were captured by the Germans, who took the abandoned T-34 and played with them. During the testing, Germans realized that T-34 has few problems, which they tried to correct, and were somewhat successful. Few modifications were made, including the installation of the proper radio equipment since most of the tanks were lacking it (only command variants had a radio) and add-on armour, which increased protection, but Germans still didn't like them as much, due to poor view range and visibility, which was corrected by installing a German commander's cupola. Germans also had to paint them with large crosses and markings, so they don't get attack by friendly aircraft. These T-34s in German service were designated as "Panzerkampfwagen T 34 - 747(r)"

T-34s in German service were used mostly in front-line service, a strange role for a Beutepanzer, as most of them were used in police or anti-partisan duties. The "T 34" was considered too useless for offensive actions, due to the poor visibility inside the tank and poor tank-to-tank communication, but proved to be quite good at the defensive role as a Panzerjäger and infantry support, according to the Panzerjäger-Abteilung 128's experience.<ref name=":0">Vollert, J. (2013). ''Panzerkampfwagen T 34 - 747(r): The Soviet T-34 Tank as Beutepanzer and Panzerattrappe in German Wehrmacht Service 1941–45''. Tankograd.</ref>

Some T-34s were produced under German management by the SS-Panzerwerk Charkow in the Spring of 1943, which were handed to the SS-Panzer-Jäger-Abteilung 2. However, it was not a massive batch, but rather a completion of the remaining unfinished vehicles with the available parts.<ref name=":0" />

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_t_34_747 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


=== References ===
<references />

{{TankManufacturer Morozov}}
{{Germany medium tanks}}
{{Germany premium ground vehicles}}

Kugelblitz

2023-08-20T19:40:38Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_flakpanzer_IV_Kugelblitz
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German self-propelled anti-aircraft (SPAA) vehicle {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.43]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

[[File:Kugel-xray.png|thumb|The X-Ray view of the Kugelblitz in the hangar, the 5 crew members locations inside the vehicle are visible, giving a visual understanding of the vehicle's survivability.]]
The Kugelblitz has high armour values compared to most SPAA, but the armour will not protect it against the main calibre guns of tanks at the battle rating. The survivability is quite good, the crew is well spaced and numerous, and the ammunition is unlikely to detonate. The Kugelblitz has excellent protection against strafing runs from enemy aircraft, although some aircraft cannons may penetrate the 10 mm hull armour and cause an engine fire.

Since the ball turret is enclosed and separated from the hull, the Kugelblitz can still operate its cannons after a successful penetration of the hull.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 80 mm || 30 mm || 20 mm || 10 mm
|-
| Turret || 30 mm ''Turret housing'' 20 mm ''Turret ball'' || 30 mm ''Turret housing'' 20 mm ''Turret ball'' || 30 mm ''Turret housing'' 20 mm ''Turret ball'' || 20 mm
|}
'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=426|rbMinHp=265}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

The Kugelblitz has a comparatively low gun traverse speed when not upgraded, so the Horizontal Drive and Elevation Mechanism modules are quite important. Another very useful modification is the M.Gr. ammo belt, which almost completely composed of high-explosive shells and helps to increase damage dealt to enemy aircraft. The two Pz.Gr. modules allow the vehicle to better engage enemy ground forces. These belts contain more high-penetration rounds than high-explosive ones, and increase the vehicle's effectiveness against armoured targets. Still, they will not be able to penetrate most tanks frontally at this tier, and are better suited for engaging lightly-armoured vehicles.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|MK103/38 (30 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[MK103/38 (30 mm)|30 mm MK103/38]] (x2) || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 1,200 (100) || rowspan="2" | 450 || rowspan="2" | -7°/+80° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 52.8 || 73.1 || 88.8 || 98.2 || 104.5 || rowspan="2" | 13.00 || rowspan="2" | 11.50 || rowspan="2" | 10.60 || rowspan="2" | 10.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 35.7 || 42.0 || 51.0 || 56.4 || 60.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer (minengeschoß)}}
* '''M.Gr.:''' {{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
* '''Pz.Gr.:''' {{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer (minengeschoß)}}
* '''Pz.Gr. H:''' {{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer (minengeschoß)}}

{{:MK103/38 (30 mm)/Ammunition|HEI-T, AP-I, HVAP-T}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''12''' || 6 ''(+6)'' || 0 ''(+12)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Note''':

* Ammunition is modeled as 12 magazines of 100 rounds.

== Usage in battles ==


'''Overview:'''

The Kugelblitz is a dedicated AA, however the guns do have decent penetration and the Kugelblitz has some armour and survivability, so targeting enemy ground vehicles is a possibility. However, air targets should still be the main focus of the Kugelblitz. Due to the survivability and firepower, the Kugelblitz is best placed near the frontlines in case it needs to support a teammate against an enemy ground vehicle, but it should not be directly in view of enemy tanks.

'''Tips:'''

The Kugelblitz is best used as a second or third spawn, because aircraft will not spawn at the beginning of the match. Do not engage aircraft too early, as you will only expose yourself. Begin firing at no more than 1-1.5 km range for the best effect. Always watch out for multiple aircraft, as one may hit you with bombs or rockets while you are distracted. The fast firing 30 mm guns are extremely potent, and will quickly dispatch most air targets after a few hits, even against heavy fighters and bombers. It is a good idea to learn the weak spots of enemy ground vehicles you will commonly face near the Kugelblitz's BR, as knowing these will allow the Kugelblitz to deal maximum damage.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High rate of fire for a 30 mm cannon
* Fast turret rotation speed
* Very good at taking out other SPAA or lightly-armoured vehicles
* Average movement speed
* Is closed-top unlike other open-top SPAAs, protecting it from lots of strafing that could otherwise be fatal
* HVAP round can penetrate 77 mm, improving efficacy against other tanks

'''Cons:'''

* Although having thick armour for an SPAA, it's still only a Panzer IV hull and not enough to stop any kind of tank shell at its rank, or fire from .50 caliber mgs.
* Long reload time
* HVAP belt is 2/3 HE rounds, reducing effectiveness

== History ==


===Design===
In 1943, the Luftwaffe lost the control of the sky on the Eastern front. This made German armoured divisions become the target of enemy attackers and fighter-bombers. The German Army already had plenty of SPAA vehicles developed as interim solution at its disposal to protect ground forces. But these vehicles suffered from major weaknesses: they were almost all very lightly armoured and open-top, exposing the crew to enemy fire, they had very tall silhouettes as they were improvised vehicles and they relied on a 20 mm calibre that starts being to ineffective at taking down enemy aircraft. The need for an enclosed crew compartment and a superior calibre were core requirements of the design.

===Development===
The development of the Kugelblitz relies on a previous project, a spherical Flak turret, designed to provide German submarines with adequate anti-aircraft defence capability. The oblate turret featured twin 30 mm cannons and was originally developed in early 1944 by the firm Alkett also responsible for the construction of SPAA vehicles. The turret was however never adopted by the German navy. This led the engineers of the firm to reuse the same type of design it for the needs of the new SPAA project.
Development started of the Kugelblitz in late 1944. The chassis chosen to integrate the turret remained a Panzer IV. The main difference was that a Tiger I turret ring was fitted on the Pz.IV to accommodate the large turret. Five prototypes were built but never tested. Mass production was even planned but never happened due to the intense Allied bombings of German factories from 1944 to 1945.

===Combat usage===
The Kugelblitz was never approved for service, as its development was not yet completed when the war ended in Europe. Several prototypes briefly saw combat during the Battle of Berlin or in engagements throughout Germany.

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
A continuation of the line of German AA vehicles based on the Pz.IV tank. It was the first AA vehicle to have a fully enclosed turret. Only two were ever built, and they may not have been used in combat. Both of the AA vehicles that were released ended up in the anti-air artillery training battalion stationed at the Ohrdruf training ground in Thuringia.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_flakpanzer_IV_Kugelblitz Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|naeDoEwZ5Pg|'''German SPAAs''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 4:32 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|PosWOnOGkSo|'''Best experimental vehicles''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 7:28 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|HGEXluz5nFA|'''A Successful Dead End? - Kugelblitz''' - ''Military History Visualized''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[Flakpanzer IV]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[Flakpanzer 341]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/devblog/current/639|[Devblog] Flakpanzerkampfwagen IV "Kugelblitz"]]
* [[wikipedia:Kugelblitz|[Wikipedia] Kugelblitz]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2-germany-leichte-flakpanzer-iv-3-cm-kugelblitz/ <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Leichte Flakpanzer IV 3 cm "Kugelblitz"]

{{Germany anti-aircraft vehicles}}

G.91 R/3 (Germany)

2023-08-11T23:05:24Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = German jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = G.91 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=fiat_g91_r3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_G.91_R3.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (nicknamed ''"Gina"'') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]].

A mid 1950s transonic fighter (< Mach 0.90) with ground attack abilities. Very manoeuvrable, great acceleration and heavy offensive armament make the G.91 an excellent rank {{Specs|rank}} aircraft. Unlocked after the [[Ho 229 V3|Horten 229]] the player should already be well acquainted with the appropriate play style for the G.91, being an all-around upgrade from the "Flying Wing" flying in fierce competition in the sky, it will face every sub- and transonic aircraft and while being a mid to top rank performance-wise.

There are few changes between the [[G.91 pre-serie|Pre-serie]], [[G.91 R/1|R/1]], [[G.91 R/3|R/3]] and the [[G.91 R/4|R/4]], and this guide can be considered universal for all listed aircraft.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The G.91 R/3 is a light weight strike fighter, its powerplant is the Bristol Orpheus MK.803 engine that can produce 2270 kgf of thrust. The level speed is quite good: it can reach 1,084 km/h at sea level, slightly better compared to the MiG-15bis and significantly lower than in the F-86 series or MiG-17. Its acceleration is good when the plane is in clean configuration without any additional armament under its wings, it is on par with the MiG-17 and better than in Sabres at similar battle rating. The Gina's climb rate is at most mediocre, while it is similar to the MD.452 or Yak-30, the other planes like the F-86F or MiG-15 will not have any problem outclimbing it, at sea level it is at most 39 m/s with full fuel tanks.
Once the player decides to take any weapons like the Nord missiles into battle, it has a huge impact on its level speed, acceleration and climb rate, mainly because of the low plane's mass. This effect is much more noticeable than with Sabres. The engine can start overheating after continuous flying at max power (the limit is 15 minutes), lowering it to 95% should help with cooling it down.

Manoeuvrability of the G.91 is decent: the instantaneous turn rate is good, the plane can easily pull high G amounts even near transonic speed and it helps with pulling high angle snapshots with full real controls. The continuous turn rate is however mediocre, it will not be able to win any prolonged fight against a F2H or a MiG-15. Pulling high G amounts at low and medium speeds can also make it bleed a lot of energy, more than in the MiG-15 or the best Sabre versions. The rolling performance is outstanding like in the F-86 series, it makes the plane very good at performing defensive manoeuvres and effective the G.91's airbrakes can further improve it. The flaps have high speed limits and can considerably improve its turning performance. Overall the plane feels very similar to the F-86F series flight characteristics (the ones without wing slats) and both can use the same tactics and flying style.

In simulator battles, the plane is very hard to stall out: it will not start rolling even when the elevator is fully pulled. It may require some positive trimming at low and medium speed. When flying above 700 km/h the player should be very cautious of pulling too much, it is very easy to reach the G amount limit and break one of wings, especially during rolling and turning at the same time. This can be partially nullified by removing the New Boosters modification.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,065 || 1,042 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 27.6 || 28.1 || 31.5 || 30.0 || rowspan="2" | 850
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,097 || 1,084 || 24.6 || 26.0 || 47.6 || 39.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 589 || 550 || 345 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 800 || < 650 || < 660 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Bristol Orpheus MK.803 || 1
| colspan="2" | 3,477 kg || colspan="3" | 289 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 9m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 32m fuel
|-
| 380 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 3,837 kg || 4,269 kg || 4,662 kg || 4,740 kg || 5,800 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (101%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || 101%
! 9m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 32m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 2,212 kgf || 2,234 kgf
| 0.58 || 0.52 || 0.48 || 0.47 || 0.39
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 2,212 kgf (0 km/h) || 2,234 kgf (0 km/h)
| 0.58 || 0.52 || 0.48 || 0.47 || 0.39
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

At its rank, there is little which cannot hurt the G.91. This is mostly due to the large calibres and fast-firing weapons found in the jet age, although the G.91 R/3 does not help this issue. The armour is enough to withstand the occasional tank light machine gun fire but otherwise will only protect the pilot from shrapnel damage. Even though the centreline arrangement of all components proves to be quite survivable in combat, it does NOT lend itself for head-ons or prolonged chases. The former only leads to functional aircraft with a knocked-out pilot and the latter to the reverse, which was in all likelihood the intended design in real life. The aircraft cannot take damage very well; fuselage damage usually results in engine damage, while wing damage makes the plane unstable in turns and drains the acceleration.

* 6.5 mm Steel - Behind, below and in front of the pilot
* 6.5 mm Steel - under central fuel tanks.
* 40 mm bulletproof glass - Armoured windshield
* Critical components located down the midline of aircraft (fuel, pilot, engine, controls)
* Fuel tanks located in the central fuselage.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Compressor > Boosters (don't equip them yet) > Engine > Both cannon upgrades > G suit + equipping boosters after researching. Why? Engine upgrades, because this jet lives by its T/W ratio. Cannons to make best use of its low RPG. New boosters are required to progress to T3 and help high-speed handling, however without G suit one is just a black-out earlier. Later frame upgrades for improved top speed, or survivability upgrades to prevent breaking in turns.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="7%" | 1 !! width="7%" | 2 !! width="7%" | 3 !! width="7%" | 4 !! width="7%" | 5 !! width="7%" | 6
| rowspan="9" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_G.91_R-4.png]]</div>
|-
! [[DEFA 552 (30 mm)|30 mm DEFA 552]] cannons (125 rpg)
| || || 1 || 1* || ||
|-
! [[AN-M57 (250 lb)|250 lb AN-M57]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || || || 1 || 1
|-
! [[AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|500 lb AN-M64A1]] bombs
| || 1 || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Mk 82 Snakeye (500 lb)|500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye]] bombs
| || 1 || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Aerea 559G1 incendiary]] bombs
| || 1 || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[SNEB type 23]] rockets
| 19 || || || || || 19
|-
! [[AS-20 Nord]] missiles
| 1* || 1* || || || 1* || 1*
|-
| colspan="7" | Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 270 kg
|-
| colspan="8" | * MCLOS missiles cannot be carried in conjunction with cannons on hardpoint 4
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552 cannons (125 rpg = 250 total)
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552 cannons + 38 x SNEB type 23 rockets
* 1 x 30 mm DEFA 552 cannon + 4 x AS-20 Nord missiles
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552 cannons + 4 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (1,000 lb total)
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552 cannons + 2 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (1,000 lb total)
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552 cannons + 2 x 500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye bombs (1,000 lb total)
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552 cannons + 2 x Aerea 559G1 incendiary bombs
{{Navigation-End}}

Featuring a wide range of ordnance, the G.91 R/3 can be equipped for any role from ground to air combat, though it prefers air superiority.

The DEFA 552 is an excellent revolver cannon for air-to-air combat. With high velocity, devastating high-explosive rounds and fast-firing rate it can easily hit even extreme deflection or long-range pursuit shots. The only downside is the low ammo count of 125 rounds per cannon and thus having to resort to very short burst fires.

For air-to-ground purposes, the G.91 R/3 is similar to the [[G.91 pre-serie]] and [[G.91 R/1]], both its predecessors, in loadout options sharing the same FFAR Mighty Mouse rocket option as well as the choice of a pair of 500 lb bombs. However, the R/3 has an additional and unique option; the AS-20 Nord air-to-ground missile, with a reasonable penetration value (83 mm RHAe) but incredible warhead size of (just under) 30 kg of TNT. Skilled use of the missile can allow for a more accurate fire at longer ranges especially versus more dangerous vehicles like self-propelled anti-aircraft guns.

== Usage in battles ==

Achieving air superiority should be the primary task for all G.91 pilots. However, the G.91 R/3 excels in a support role, especially in uptiers, where most of enemies can simply run away from it. To do this, take 9 min of fuel to boost its acceleration and climb rate (the low ammo count will discourage prolonged air combat anyways), and after takeoff climb at around 8° (680-700 km/h). When the first enemies engage with allies, go over them and find target with low energy state and destroy it. Do not chase lonely planes, as although enemy might look like easy 1-v-1 victory, the low top speed makes it very hard to catch somebody. Try not to engage in a prolonged dogfight, because the G.91 R/3 has rather poor energy retention and when caught slow even good acceleration won't save the plane. Also, keep in mind that the G.91 R/3 has poor low speed performance because of swept wings and lack of leading edge slats. In prolonged turn fight, one may find themselves losing even against jets like the MiG-15. Another thing is '''do not air brake'''. The G.91 R/3's below average energy retention combined with overall good manoeuvrability makes it easy enough for pilot to evade enemy, and in combat, even the good acceleration is not enough to regain the lost speed.

Destroying bombers and attackers is also a feasible option thanks to the powerful cannon armament. However, the lack of durability and low ammo count make this rather a secondary task.

Ground attack should be done only in Ground RB, since G.91 is a typical fighter. Fortunately, it gets access to 4 x AS-20 guided missiles that are deadly.

=== Specific enemies worth noting: ===

'''[[MiG-15]]/[[MiG-17|17]], [[J32B]]'''. These jets have higher T/W ratios, and better acceleration. When engaging them, try to lure them into a dogfight; however beware, as the MiGs can outturn you at low speeds. Avoid going vertical at all costs.

'''[[Hunter F.1|Hawker Hunter]], [[Swift F.1|Supermarine Swift]], [[S.O.4050 Vautour IIA|Vautour]]'''. These aircraft have great energy retention and top speed. Generally avoiding attacks shouldn't be very hard, but downing one will be a challenge. Leave them to your faster team mates and watch out for their rockets.

'''[[G.91 (Family)|Other G.91s]]'''. When there is G.91 on your tail, there is not much you can do. Try to force an overshoot, but do not airbrake as good pilot will go vertical and destroy you.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Exceptional manoeuvrability, with very high roll and turn rates
* Effective suspended armament choices for ground strike
* Access to the [[AS-20]] air-to-ground missile that can destroy any tank
* Two 30 mm DEFA cannons available
* Can carry 4 x AS-20 Nord missiles unlike most other jet fighters which only can carry two
* Small burst of 30 mm cannons is enough to fully destroy a plane especially in the head-on situations
* Has access to drag chute, that combined with high P/W ratio allows pilots to use short airfields
* The 30 mm cannons have very good penetration can destroy light tanks through the hull and other main battle tanks through the roof

'''Cons:'''

* Slower than most of its contemporaries
* Airframe can take some hits, especially against .50 cals
* Poor energy retention
* Fairly low ammo count for the guns means that you need to be conservative with your ammo
* Wings can snap off when trying to pull very hard at high speeds and when pushing elevator + ailerons at the same time, especially with 20min of fuel
* No counter measures

== History ==

The G.91 ''Small Sabre'' entered service with the Luftwaffe in 1962 after winning the 1953 NATO light tactical support aircraft competition. This competition had called for a fighter which could carry 452 kg of ordnance, patrol a combat radius of 180 km assuming 10 mins over the target, average cruising speed of at least 705 km/h and Mach 0.95 capability. It also had to be fully operational on grass or other types of unprepared runways, with a take-off distance of 1,100 m. The R/3 was the Luftwaffe's version of the G.91, but with more powerful armament, two wing points for suspended ordnance and better avionics than the Italian Air Force's R/1s. Fifty R/3s were built in Italy starting in 1959 and another 294 were license-built in West Germany. The Luftwaffe also received another 50 of the very similar R/4 aircraft after orders for Greece and Turkey fell through. The Luftwaffe also had 66 T-3 two-seat trainer models built of which twenty-two were built in Germany.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=fiat_g91_r3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="150">
Image:G91R-3.png|G-91 R/3 sitting on a runway
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|VHJN6ZWOmnY|'''The bane of tanks''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 4:58 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|LNOcqRDgo9M|'''G.91 R/3 War Thunder 1.91 Review''' - ''DEFYN''|hD5YJdWrAWE|'''Fiat G91R/3 - A Better Version of the Same Bird''' - ''WhooptieDo''}}

== See also ==


* [[F-86A-5]] Sabre - combat role predecessor
* [[La-15]] and [[Yak-30]] - similar flight style

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/363988-fiat-g91-discussion-thread/ WT Forum: Fiat G.91 discussion thread]
* [[Wikipedia:Fiat_G.91|[Wikipedia] Fiat G.91]]

{{AirManufacturer Fiat}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

Ar 234 C-3

2023-08-11T19:33:05Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
|about=German jet bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage=the other version
|link=Ar 234 B-2
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=arado-234c-3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German jet bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.49 "Weapons of Victory"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Ar 234 C-3 is all you need as a jet bomber. Acceleration is decent and maximum speed at 500 m is 850 km/h when stock. When upgraded, acceleration is great, energy retention is nice and can reach up to 900 km/h IAS at 1,000 m.

Climb rate is great even when stock. Combining the +3,500 m first spawn altitude and nice climb rate, the Arado Ar 234 C-3 is a great choice for bomber players. The dive speed is incredible and together with perfect energy retention, you can reach very high speeds in a matter of seconds. There is no WEP, however, but that's not very important.

'''How to land?'''

Landing is not hard, but a is little dangerous. You can land after a dive, as well as when slow. Landing at low speeds is really easy, but here are the steps when landing after a dive:

# Decrease throttle to 0%, go up at 90° and lose speed.
# After falling down, open combat flaps, then take-off flaps. Throttle must be about 30%.
# Open landing gear and landing flaps to lose more speed, landing with negative or 0 degrees is recommended (see the ''notes'' for why). Landing gear will extend really fast.
# You can land at about 300 km/h as well as lower speeds, so don't worry about it.
# Use brakes and the recoil of your two 20 mm cannons to complete your landing!

'''Some notes''':

* Do not power the engines off. You may need to throttle up and get more stability.
* Do not perform hard manoeuvres; you're at high speed after a dive so the pilot can lose its control and may lead to a crash.
* Flaps are really important for landing, so if you don't have them or they're damaged, decrease speed as much as possible.
* The mono-landing gear under cockpit placement is strong enough to sustain hard landing.
* Why 0 or negative degree when landing? There's no landing gear at the back. So approaching at a positive degree may cause the tail to touch the ground and cause a lot of damage.
* Don't worry about the absence of air brakes, as your brakes work well. Do manoeuvres at low engine power in order to lose speed.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 847 || 840 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 30.2 || 31.0 || 23.9 || 22.4 || rowspan="2" | 700
|-
! Upgraded
| 866 || 857 || 28.1 || 29.0 || 33.6 || 28.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 527 || 498 || 350 || ~8 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 500 || < 650 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | BMW 003 || 4
| colspan="2" | 6,880 kg || colspan="3" | 372 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 13m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 43m fuel
|-
| 673 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 7,810 kg || 8,293 kg || 8,999 kg || 9,980 kg || 11,100 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 13m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 43m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 801 kgf || N/A
| 0.41 || 0.39 || 0.36 || 0.32 || 0.29
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 801 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.41 || 0.39 || 0.36 || 0.32 || 0.29
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* No armour
* Fuel tanks in the fuselage

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, chin-mounted (250 rpg = 500 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)|SC1000L2 (1,000 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 3 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (750 kg total)
* 3 x 500 kg SC500K bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 1 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bomb (1,000 kg total)
* 1 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bomb + 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (1,500 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==


The standard bombs on the Ar 234 C-3 are the 3 x 250 kg bombs. You will have access to them even if your Arado is stock. The 3 x 500 kg bombs need to be researched first. Additionally, this variant of the Arado possesses 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, so one of the best ways to use your Ar 234 to ensure you can farm RP and SL for your modifications is:

1. Equip the 3 x 500 kg bombs and start the match at the air spawn point.

2. On maps such as Berlin, move to one of the enemy bases and drop your 3 x 500 kg bombs. 1.5 tonnes worth of bombs is not enough to destroy a base, so from there you have two options to choose from:

2.1 Go back to the airfield and get new bombs

If you choose to go back to the airfield to get new bombs, be aware that unfortunately, the Arado does not have any air brakes, which is a problem as it has particularly good energy retention and some pilots may find it hard to safely land.

When landing the Arado, decrease speed by turning before you reach the airfield (aim to be at 400 km/h or less) then align with the landing strip, activate your flaps and proceed with the landing. If using the landing gear, ensure that you are at extremely low speed before landing or that the landing strip is long enough to stop on. The Arado has extremely good energy retention and is very heavy, so it does take a long time to stop. You can land without gear, which, while obviously dangerous, offers a much better chance to stop in time on shorter landing strips. To do this, land flat on the belly and avoid allowing the wings to touch the ground before you stop moving.

2.2 Search for enemy targets

Once you have dropped your bombs, you can turn your sights to enemy aircraft; the Arado C-3 is quite capable as a fighter, especially in comparison to other German BR 7.0 jets. It doesn't suffer from the same issues as the Me 262, which lacks in power and once it loses energy, often struggles to regain it, or the Ho 229, which can rip its wings very easily in high-G manoeuvres. With the Arado, you won't encounter these kinds of problems, providing you don't attempt to turn fight. The Arado C-3 has the best climb rate of any BR 7.0 German jet. It also possesses a roll rate to rival the Me 262, so with your 4 powerful engines, you have everything you need to take on other jets. As such, once you've finished your bombing run, turn and climb towards the battlefield, and try to maintain altitude above other jets. Once you're reasonably high, pick vulnerable targets and dive in for a pass, taking a shot at them and then moving away to retain your energy. Avoid exceeding 750 km/h when stock, as the dive can become increasingly hard to slow. Once all modifications have been researched, however, the aircraft provides a reasonable amount of additional leeway before it encounters issues. If everything falls apart and you find yourself with fighters on your tail, try to keep accelerating if possible and try to lure the enemies toward your own teammates so that they can assist you.

'''Baiting:'''

The Ar 234 C-3 is a great jet bomber. With its 3,500 m spawn altitude, nice acceleration, energy retention and dive speed, you can easily become bait and set up enemies to be downed by your allies. To do so, climb to 4,000 m, en route to the enemy location, drop your bombs to lighten your load. Once in the vicinity of the enemy start to dive on them. The goal is to keep the enemy aircraft busy chasing you, however, if you happen to get behind one, don't be shy about introducing them to your cannons.

You can use cockpit periscope to check the type of enemy planes from a very high distance.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great overall fight performance, with high top speed and acceleration
* Very good climb rate, handling, and energy retention when fully upgraded, capable of dogfighting when needed
* Landing gear can handle speeds up to 400 km/h
* Durable flaps that can be used at speeds lower than 550 km/h, even in the landing flap configuration
* Four engines provides the much-needed speed increase from the previous model
* 2 x MG 151 20 mm cannons provide decent air-to-air performance
* Has periscope gunsight at top-right of the cockpit, aids in more effective targeting, helps you identify enemy aircraft types sooner

'''Cons:'''

* Atrocious stock grind; very low stock bomb load, and the default 20 mm belt has very poor damage output
* 20 mm has low muzzle velocity for a jet, can be difficult to aim while turning or at range
* Generally mediocre flight performance while stock; sluggish handling and acceleration, and it is hard to recover from dives in speeds beyond 750 km/h
* Pilot can be easily knocked out
* Low overall payload, which means that you only can destroy 1 enemy base with the heaviest payload
* Doesn't have air brakes, which when combined with the plane's very good energy retention can make landing potentially very dangerous
* No gunsight in the non-scoped cockpit, you have to rely on perception to aim
* No booster rockets.

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=arado-234c-3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|k-HKFXvopL8|'''Arado Blitz''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|GnkZaXRnPPI|'''Arado 234 C-3: Bullying Fighters''' - ''Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/262864-arado-ar-234-c-3/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Arado}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

Ar 234 C-3

2023-08-11T19:32:42Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
|about=German jet bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage=the other version
|link=Ar 234 B-2
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=arado-234c-3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German jet bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.49 "Weapons of Victory"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Ar 234 C-3 is all you need as a jet bomber. Acceleration is decent and maximum speed at 500 m is 850 km/h when stock. When upgraded, acceleration is great, energy retention is nice and can reach up to 900 km/h IAS at 1,000 m.

Climb rate is great even when stock. Combining the +3,500 m first spawn altitude and nice climb rate, the Arado Ar 234 C-3 is a great choice for bomber players. The dive speed is incredible and together with perfect energy retention, you can reach very high speeds in a matter of seconds. There is no WEP, however, but that's not very important.

'''How to land?'''

Landing is not hard, but a is little dangerous. You can land after a dive, as well as when slow. Landing at low speeds is really easy, but here are the steps when landing after a dive:

# Decrease throttle to 0%, go up at 90° and lose speed.
# After falling down, open combat flaps, then take-off flaps. Throttle must be about 30%.
# Open landing gear and landing flaps to lose more speed, landing with negative or 0 degrees is recommended (see the ''notes'' for why). Landing gear will extend really fast.
# You can land at about 300 km/h as well as lower speeds, so don't worry about it.
# Use brakes and the recoil of your two 20 mm cannons to complete your landing!

'''Some notes''':

* Do not power the engines off. You may need to throttle up and get more stability.
* Do not perform hard manoeuvres; you're at high speed after a dive so the pilot can lose its control and may lead to a crash.
* Flaps are really important for landing, so if you don't have them or they're damaged, decrease speed as much as possible.
* The mono-landing gear under cockpit placement is strong enough to sustain hard landing.
* Why 0 or negative degree when landing? There's no landing gear at the back. So approaching at a positive degree may cause the tail to touch the ground and cause a lot of damage.
* Don't worry about the absence of air brakes, as your brakes work well. Do manoeuvres at low engine power in order to lose speed.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 847 || 840 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 30.2 || 31.0 || 23.9 || 22.4 || rowspan="2" | 700
|-
! Upgraded
| 866 || 857 || 28.1 || 29.0 || 33.6 || 28.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 527 || 498 || 350 || ~8 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 500 || < 650 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | BMW 003 || 4
| colspan="2" | 6,880 kg || colspan="3" | 372 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 13m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 43m fuel
|-
| 673 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 7,810 kg || 8,293 kg || 8,999 kg || 9,980 kg || 11,100 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 13m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 43m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 801 kgf || N/A
| 0.41 || 0.39 || 0.36 || 0.32 || 0.29
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 801 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.41 || 0.39 || 0.36 || 0.32 || 0.29
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* No armour
* Fuel tanks in the fuselage

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, chin-mounted (250 rpg = 500 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)|SC1000L2 (1,000 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 3 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (750 kg total)
* 3 x 500 kg SC500K bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 1 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bomb (1,000 kg total)
* 1 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bomb + 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (1,500 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==


The standard bombs on the Ar 234 C-3 are the 3 x 250 kg bombs. You will have access to them even if your Arado is stock. The 3 x 500 kg bombs need to be researched first. Additionally, this variant of the Arado possesses 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, so one of the best ways to use your Ar 234 to ensure you can farm RP and SL for your modifications is:

1. Equip the 3 x 500 kg bombs and start the match at the air spawn point.

2. On maps such as Berlin, move to one of the enemy bases and drop your 3 x 500 kg bombs. 1.5 tonnes worth of bombs is not enough to destroy a base, so from there you have two options to choose from:

2.1 Go back to the airfield and get new bombs

If you choose to go back to the airfield to get new bombs, be aware that unfortunately, the Arado does not have any air brakes, which is a problem as it has particularly good energy retention and some pilots may find it hard to safely land.

When landing the Arado, decrease speed by turning before you reach the airfield (aim to be at 400 km/h or less) then align with the landing strip, activate your flaps and proceed with the landing. If using the landing gear, ensure that you are at extremely low speed before landing or that the landing strip is long enough to stop on. The Arado has extremely good energy retention and is very heavy, so it does take a long time to stop. You can land without gear, which, while obviously dangerous, offers a much better chance to stop in time on shorter landing strips. To do this, land flat on the belly and avoid allowing the wings to touch the ground before you stop moving.

2.2 Search for enemy targets

Once you have dropped your bombs, you can turn your sights to enemy aircraft; the Arado C-3 is quite capable as a fighter, especially in comparison to other German BR 7.0 jets. It doesn't suffer from the same issues as the Me 262, which lacks in power and once it loses energy, often struggles to regain it, or the Ho 229, which can rip its wings very easily in high-G manoeuvres. With the Arado, you won't encounter these kinds of problems, providing you don't attempt to turn fight. The Arado C-3 has the best climb rate of any BR 7.0 German jet. It also possesses a roll rate to rival the Me 262, so with your 4 powerful engines, you have everything you need to take on other jets. As such, once you've finished your bombing run, turn and climb towards the battlefield, and try to maintain altitude above other jets. Once you're reasonably high, pick vulnerable targets and dive in for a pass, taking a shot at them and then moving away to retain your energy. Avoid exceeding 750 km/h when stock, as the dive can become increasingly hard to slow. Once all modifications have been researched, however, the aircraft provides a reasonable amount of additional leeway before it encounters issues. If everything falls apart and you find yourself with fighters on your tail, try to keep accelerating if possible and try to lure the enemies toward your own teammates so that they can assist you.

'''Baiting:'''

The Ar 234 C-3 is a great jet bomber. With its 3,500 m spawn altitude, nice acceleration, energy retention and dive speed, you can easily become bait and set up enemies to be downed by your allies. To do so, climb to 4,000 m, en route to the enemy location, drop your bombs to lighten your load. Once in the vicinity of the enemy start to dive on them. The goal is to keep the enemy aircraft busy chasing you, however, if you happen to get behind one, don't be shy about introducing them to your cannons.

You can use cockpit periscope to check the type of enemy planes from a very high distance.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great overall fight performance, with high top speed and acceleration
* Very good climb rate, handling, and energy retention when fully upgraded, capable of dogfighting when needed
* Landing gear can handle speeds up to 400 km/h
* Durable flaps that can be used at speeds lower than 550 km/h, even in the landing flap configuration
* Four engines provides the much-needed speed increase from the previous model
* 2 x MG 151 20 mm cannons provide decent air-to-air performance
* Has periscope gunsight at top-right of the cockpit, aids in more effective targeting, helps you identify enemy aircraft types sooner

'''Cons:'''

* Atrocious stock grind; very low stock bomb load, and the default 20 mm belt has very poor damage output
* 20 mm has low muzzle velocity for a jet, can be difficult to aim while turning or at range
* Generally mediocre flight performance while stock; sluggish handling and acceleration, and it is hard to recover from dives in speeds beyond 750 km/h
* Pilot can be easily knocked out
* Low overall payload, which means that you only can destroy 1 enemy base with the heaviest payload
* Doesn't have air brakes, which when combined with the plane's very good energy retention can make landing potentially very dangerous
* No gunsight in the non-scoped cockpit, you have to rely on perception to aim
* No booster rockets

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=arado-234c-3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|k-HKFXvopL8|'''Arado Blitz''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|GnkZaXRnPPI|'''Arado 234 C-3: Bullying Fighters''' - ''Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/262864-arado-ar-234-c-3/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Arado}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

Me 163 B-0

2023-08-11T18:04:02Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = German jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = Me 163 B
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=me-163b-0
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.81 "The Valkyries"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 943 || 933 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 22.2 || 22.3 || 26.6 || 23.8 || rowspan="2" | 357
|-
! Upgraded
| 966 || 955 || 21.8 || 22.0 || 46.3 || 36.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || X || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 598 || N/A || 420 || ~10 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 790 || < 600 || < 690 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="3" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="1" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Walter HWK 109-509A-2 || 1
| colspan="1" | 1,990 kg || colspan="2" | 204 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="2" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 1m fuel || 6m fuel
|-
| 166 kg || colspan="2" | Liquid-fuel rocket
| 2,593 kg || 4,000 kg || 4,297 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="3" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 1m fuel || 6m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 1,700 kgf || N/A
| 0.66 || 0.42 || 0.40
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 1,700 kgf (any speed)|| N/A
| 0.66 || 0.42 || 0.40
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The Me 163 B-0 is a glass (or in this case plywood) cannon. It takes very little damage to sever a wing or to set it on fire. However, as long as the plane doesn't spin out, you can fly relatively easily while missing wingtips or even a whole wing. One odd quirk of the Komet is that if the engine is set on fire, it cannot burnout due to the fire being unable to reach the wings or pilot. So if close enough to the airfield, it's possible to fly back to base to repair.

The plane can very easily rip off its own wings if not careful. Most often, wings rip off when performing two directional movements at the same time at 700-900 km/h, most commonly pulling up + rolling. Try to incrementally change directions when traveling at high speeds, one direction at a time and short bursts of turning.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, wing-mounted (120 rpg = 240 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, suspended (80 rpg = 160 total)

The Me 163 B-0 can mount 2 additional 20 mm MG 151 cannons. These cannons have no effect on the performance of the plane, and are thus always worth running.

== Usage in battles ==


'''Takeoff'''

Around 240 km/h, the plane will start violently shaking on the runway, often causing hilariously brutal deaths. To avoid this, there are two methods:

* Upon spawning in, open flaps all the way to landing flaps and continue pulling up until you takeoff. This method will work on most maps, but on some runways the plane will still experience the bug and explode.
* At 200 km/h, open landing flaps, and tilt the plane so one wingtip touches the ground.

'''Landing'''

Achieving a safe landing is rather simple. Deploy landing flaps and gears at 400-500 km/h, and continue slowing down to 300 km/h. Once at that speed, gently lower the plane onto the runway, as the plane has a tendency to bounce off the ground. Once on the ground, continue braking until you come to a full stop.

'''Throttle Speeds'''

While flying the Komet, throttle control is critical, as it will greatly conserve your fuel. It's worth noting that fuel consumption is not linear. (e.g. 100% throttle = 100% fuel usage, while 25% throttle = 6.67% fuel usage).

* 100% - This is the speed you want to use while traveling to the battle and in combat. Maximum thrust and speed are achieved here, but those values aren't much different compared to 75%.
* 75% - If in a long-drawn dogfight, consider throttling down to 75%. Every second matters, and the extra 30-60 seconds sometimes outway the lost speed.
* 33% - This is cruising throttle. High speed can still be maintained while conserving large amounts of fuel. Even some manoeuvring is possible if under attack.
* 0% - This is used to glide, which this plane excels at. You can glide very far on 0% throttle or no fuel.

'''Initial Contact'''

There are two main ways to engage enemies with the Komet:

* Boom and Zoom. Climb up to 4-5 km, then throttle back and cruise to the battle. Wait for other players to initiate dogfights, and if you spot an opening, throttle up and dive in for the kill. Most enemies will outrun you, so look for enemies who are traveling slow or who just completed a sharp turn.
* Dogfighting. Climb to 1-2 km, then level out and travel 100% throttle straight towards to enemy. You will often be one of the first people to the fight, so remember to always check your tail. Avoid head-on engagements, and attempt to lure enemies into turnfighting you.

'''Dogfighting'''

This rocket glider excels in turnfights, with a playstyle very similar to the A6M "Zero" at lower BRs. If you can somehow lure an enemy into turnfighting you, it's extremely easy to outmanoeuvre and kill them. But there are several things to take note of:

* Almost every other plane will outrun the Komet. Never plan to escape through speed, only through manoeuvres or friendlly support.
* Missiles are your worst enemy. They're very hard to dodge at low speed and high speed (due to compression). So if you see someone tailing you with missiles, prepare to dodge.
* Lowering the enemies' speed is the best way to gain the advantage. A great way to do this is by performing straight vertical climbs with evasive manoeuvring. Done correctly, you can flip over onto the enemy plane and catch them before they have a chance to get away.
* The Komet is very small, and thus very hard to hit. And long as you don't fly slow or straight, enemies will really struggle to bring you down.

'''Returning to Base'''

A good time to return to base is when on 90-120 seconds of fuel. Anything below that and you'll have to throttle down to conserve fuel on the return journey, taking more time and making the plane far more vulnerable.

'''After A Successful Landing'''

Many games will have been decided by the time you return to the runway and rearm for the first time. Always check the scoreboard before taking back off. It might be a 10-vs-1, which (hopefully) the rest of the team can handle without you. On the flipside, it might be a 1-vs-10, and taking off guarantees an early grave.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very high climb rate, decent acceleration
* Amazing dogfighter, outmanoeuvring jets in almost any situation
* Well-suited to high altitudes due to its rocket engine
* Excellent manoeuvrability
* Powerful 20 mm MG 151 cannons with access to the ''Minengeschoß'' shell
* Small target

'''Cons:'''

* Extremely limited fuel capacity
* Prone to wing overload crashes when the fuel tanks are full
* Fragile airframe
* Aircraft easily compresses above 750 km/h
* Limited ammo capacity
* Low muzzle velocity ammunition
* No airbrakes
* No counter measures

== History ==

The '''Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet''' is a German interceptor aircraft designed for point-defence that is the only rocket-powered fighter aircraft ever to have been operational and the first piloted aircraft of any type to exceed 1,000 km/h (621 mph) in level flight. Designed by Alexander Lippisch, its performance and aspects of its design were unprecedented. German test pilot Heini Dittmar in early July 1944 reached 1,130 km/h (700 mph), an unofficial flight airspeed record unmatched by turbojet-powered aircraft for almost a decade.

Over 300 Komets were built, but the aircraft proved lacklustre in its dedicated role as an interceptor and destroyed between 9 and 18 Allied aircraft against 10 losses. Aside from combat losses, many pilots were killed during testing and training, at least in part due to the highly volatile and corrosive nature of the rocket propellant used in later models of the aircraft. This includes one pilot by the name of Oberleutnant Josef Pöhs, who was dissolved by the rocket fuel following an incident that resulted in a ruptured fuel line.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=me-163b-0 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200px">
File:Me 163B-0 WTWallpaper 001.jpg
File:Me 163B-0 WTWallpaper 002.jpg
File:Me 163B-0 WTWallpaper 003.jpg
File:Me 163B-0 WTWallpaper 004.jpg
File:Me 163B-0 WTWallpaper 005.jpg
File:Me 163B-0 WTWallpaper 006.jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|2NgpHefq0hc|'''Rocket Planes''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 02:13 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|INb9VjLxKf0|'''Most unusual aircraft''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 2:24 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|y_BcBzYVOeU|'''The Shooting Range #116''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 09:19 discusses the Me 163.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5763-development-me-163b-0-model-update-en|[Devblog] Me 163B-0, Model Update]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/320874-messerschmitt-me-163-b-1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer BFW}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

Ar 234 B-2

2023-08-01T00:18:26Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = German jet bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = Ar 234 C-3
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=arado-234
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German jet bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

The Arado Ar 234 was the world's first ever jet bomber and the second jet-powered aircraft to go into service with the Luftwaffe. The Arado showed great potential but was produced too late in the war and in too little number to have any major effect on the outcome of WWII. Despite its great speed and high-altitude performance, the Ar 234 was not invulnerable and some fell prey to the guns of slower Allied fighters. One major problem for the Ar 234 was its poor backwards visibility, as well as its lack of manoeuvrability at low speeds. The Ar 234 B-2 had a maximum bomb load of 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Usually it carried it as three 500 kg (1,100 lb) SC500K bombs, one under the fuselage and each of the engine nacelles. Alternatively, it could also carry a single 1000 kg (2,205 lb) SC1000 or SD 1,000 'Hermann' in place of the smaller bombs. Inside the cockpit, the standard equipment included a Patin PDS autopilot and a complicated Lofte 7k tachymetric bombsight. Other modifications of this bombsight can also be found on the Junkers Ju 88 (Lofte 7, 7C, 7D and 7H), Heinkel He 111 H-5 (Lofte 7A) and He 177 (Lofte 7B and 7C), Focke-Wulf Fw 200 (Lofte 7D and 7H) and the Messerschmitt Me 262 A-2a/U2 (7H, 7K and 7K-2). Both pieces of equipment could be used simultaneously.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The plane is extremely easy to fly, both in Realistic and Simulator battles. With payload attached, the speed must be monitored carefully, especially if you are taking off from a short runway. Dive bombing and low altitude bombing is not only possible, but also quite easy thanks to very good elevator control and rudder authority even at considerable speed. Landing is somewhat rather easy compared to other planes of same size and class thanks to very robust landing gear structure and good flaps characteristic.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 710 || 687 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.4 || 30.0 || 24.6 || 23.7 || rowspan="2" | 700
|-
! Upgraded
| 777 || 742 || 28.0 || 28.5 || 32.9 || 28.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 527 || 498 || 350 || ~8 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 500 || < 550 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Junkers Jumo 004B-1 || 2
| colspan="3" | 3,850 kg || colspan="3" | 256 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 24m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 60m fuel || 82m fuel
|-
| 745 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 4,750 kg || 4,944 kg || 5,490 kg || 6,037 kg || 6,850 kg || 9,350 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 24m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 60m fuel || 82m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 910 kgf || N/A
| 0.38 || 0.37 || 0.33 || 0.30 || 0.27 || 0.19
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 910 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.38 || 0.37 || 0.33 || 0.30 || 0.27 || 0.19
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 15 mm steel - pilot's headrest

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)|SC1000L2 (1,000 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 3 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (750 kg total)
* 3 x 500 kg SC500K bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 1 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bomb (1,000 kg total)
* 1 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bomb + 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (1,500 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==

'''Arcade''':

Due to the limited payload of only 3 x 500 kg bombs, this plane is most effective as a fast tactical bomber. It is very effective against any ground unit in-game, reliably taking out heavy tanks, pillboxes and destroyers. This can be done with a fast in-and-out approach, diving to do high speed, low-alt run over the ground targets then running to safety and then climbing while bombs reload to be able to repeat. If an enemy fighter does manage to catch up to engage the Arado, then you must resort to using the 234's excellent manoeuvrability to evade enemy fire until you can reach safety or help arrives. For ground attack, the 3 x 500 kg payload is the best option, as each is capable of destroying any individual ground target.

Some would advocate side-climbing and then high-alt base bombing. This may help ensure survivability, but in Arcade mode, the total bombload is too small to be very effective. While destroying the mini-bases may be useful, attacks on the airfield would be insignificant. In base-bombing roles, you may find that the upgraded bombload is worthwhile, as it has slightly less drag and slightly higher total TNT content within its bombs.

'''Realistic''':

Fast tactical bomber. Go in, destroy the target, either two tanks/pillboxes, or one strategic bomb-zone target. At this point the pilot has several options:

# Run back to base to rearm. Inform your allies about any foes you might have seen. On the second run, the Arado can either continue hitting ground targets/bases or loiter near the enemy airfield to bomb landed planes...though with many pilots being able to rearm in 15 seconds (even in RB) this can be difficult to achieve. Be sure not to be spotted!
# Mimic history and be a reconnaissance (and bait) plane. The Arado's top speed in combination with its manoeuvrability allows for great dodging ability. Used against the enemy team, they might chase the Arado and lose precious energy, making them easy targets for your allies. In addition, their location is revealed and shown to the team, too.
# Be "honourable" and utilize the only offensive weapon the Arado has: Itself. While ramming is a viable form of fighting for Arado pilots, other players ("targets") may be rather annoyed by it (the community term "''Ruse Cruise Missile''" originates from this).

Regular medium bomber tactics apply. Stay stealthy, stay fast and watch out during the landing approach.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fast and very manoeuvrable
* With energy can pull off snappy evasive manoeuvres to throw off enemies
* Good energy retention + good dive speed = easy escape after the bombing
* Overheating is not an issue at all, even when stock
* Even the stock payload is enough to be effective
* Gets air spawned in realistic battles
* Can outrun most propeller aircraft ''after the payload has been dropped''
* Small target
* Very efficient in taking out individual targets in ground strike maps (AB), with maxed reload time can drop a salvo roughly every 40 seconds
* Durable flaps, combat flaps get warning at 530 km/h and landing flaps are still usable slightly before combat flaps' limits, which makes fast landing easier
* Booster rockets (After rearming)

'''Cons:'''

* No offensive or defensive armament
* Some piston engine planes can catch the Arado during a dive
* Tail is easily damaged
* Difficult to recover from dives at speeds higher than 780 km/h
* Poor high-altitude acceleration
* Can only carry three bombs and release them in two separate loads
* Almost no armor
* The pilot is easily knocked out due to the absence of armor on the front of the plane
* Can be difficult to take-off with heavier payloads

== History ==

In late 1940, an order for a turbojet-powered reconnaissance aircraft was issued by the Reichsluftfahrtministerium (the German Air Ministry). The winning design was the Arado Ar 234, a high-wing, incredibly fast jet bomber/reconnaissance aircraft with twin Jumo 004 engines. Since Germany's resources were running low the prototype was only able to fly in 1943 and was only able to fly combat missions after D-Day. Even after these setbacks, it was still the world's first operational jet bomber and reconnaissance aircraft.

The prototype used a wooden tricycle trolley for take-offs and a singular skid for landing. Also, since the plane was so fast the only times it would be vulnerable was during takeoff and landing. The design soon moved to conventional landing gear after to trolleys were quite risky and during landings when the plane would tilt over at low speed. Also to accommodate the tricycle landing gear the fuselage was made wider. Plus, an autopilot system was installed so that as the pilot was on his bombing run he could concentrate on his bombing targets. One of the other problems that were worked around was adding Walther 109-500 RATO motors (Rocket-Assisted Take Off) were used to shorten the aircraft's lengthy take-off run.

The pilot controlled the plane from the forward nose compartment which had an incredible amount of visibility, though the position made the 6 o'clock position behind the pilot extremely vulnerable. So a periscope was installed to counter this disability. The periscope would have doubled up as a sight for the guns on the tail that were meant to be installed but never were. Also, it could serve as a dive-bombing sight. The control yoke was moved aside inside the cockpit so that it could be moved out of the way when on the bombing run. When this was moved out of the way the pilot looked into a bombsight located in between his knees. Like many German aircraft, the main controls and gauges were colour-coded for easy recognition by the ground crews.

The main unit to use this aircraft in combat was KG76 who were based in Norway, though other units also used this aircraft. This aircraft had limited usefulness as fuel and engine production was what would send it out of combat at the end of the war.<ref>Connor, R and Moore, C., ''In the cockpit II'', New York : HarperCollins Publishers, 2010</ref>

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
The Arado Ar 234 Blitz (Lightning) was the world's first operational jet bomber, built by Arado in Germany during WWII. It was used by the Luftwaffe for reconnaissance from November 1944 and as a fast bomber against Allied targets from December of that year. Despite the fact that late in the war the plane was used only sporadically due to a fuel shortage, it remained a very difficult target to intercept because of its high speed.

As a bomber, the Ar-234B-2 could carry a payload of up to 2,000 kg and could also be used for reconnaissance.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=arado-234 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="150">
Image:Arado-Ar234B2-Skin.png|"March 1945, special camouflage"
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|k-HKFXvopL8|'''Arado Blitz''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/262863-arado-ar-234-b-2/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

=== References ===
<references />

{{AirManufacturer Arado}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

Ar 234 C-3

2023-08-01T00:17:15Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
|about=German jet bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage=the other version
|link=Ar 234 B-2
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=arado-234c-3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German jet bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.49 "Weapons of Victory"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Ar 234 C-3 is all you need as a jet bomber. Acceleration is decent and maximum speed at 500 m is 850 km/h when stock. When upgraded, acceleration is great, energy retention is nice and can reach up to 900 km/h IAS at 1,000 m.

Climb rate is great even when stock. Combining the +3,500 m first spawn altitude and nice climb rate, the Arado Ar 234 C-3 is a great choice for bomber players. The dive speed is incredible and together with perfect energy retention, you can reach very high speeds in a matter of seconds. There is no WEP, however, but that's not very important.

'''How to land?'''

Landing is not hard, but a is little dangerous. You can land after a dive, as well as when slow. Landing at low speeds is really easy, but here are the steps when landing after a dive:

# Decrease throttle to 0%, go up at 90° and lose speed.
# After falling down, open combat flaps, then take-off flaps. Throttle must be about 30%.
# Open landing gear and landing flaps to lose more speed, landing with negative or 0 degrees is recommended (see the ''notes'' for why). Landing gear will extend really fast.
# You can land at about 300 km/h as well as lower speeds, so don't worry about it.
# Use brakes and the recoil of your two 20 mm cannons to complete your landing!

'''Some notes''':

* Do not power the engines off. You may need to throttle up and get more stability.
* Do not perform hard manoeuvres; you're at high speed after a dive so the pilot can lose its control and may lead to a crash.
* Flaps are really important for landing, so if you don't have them or they're damaged, decrease speed as much as possible.
* The mono-landing gear under cockpit placement is strong enough to sustain hard landing.
* Why 0 or negative degree when landing? There's no landing gear at the back. So approaching at a positive degree may cause the tail to touch the ground and cause a lot of damage.
* Don't worry about the absence of air brakes, as your brakes work well. Do manoeuvres at low engine power in order to lose speed.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 847 || 840 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 30.2 || 31.0 || 23.9 || 22.4 || rowspan="2" | 700
|-
! Upgraded
| 866 || 857 || 28.1 || 29.0 || 33.6 || 28.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 527 || 498 || 350 || ~8 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 500 || < 650 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | BMW 003 || 4
| colspan="2" | 6,880 kg || colspan="3" | 372 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 13m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 43m fuel
|-
| 673 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 7,810 kg || 8,293 kg || 8,999 kg || 9,980 kg || 11,100 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 13m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 43m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 801 kgf || N/A
| 0.41 || 0.39 || 0.36 || 0.32 || 0.29
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 801 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.41 || 0.39 || 0.36 || 0.32 || 0.29
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* No armour
* Fuel tanks in the fuselage

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, chin-mounted (250 rpg = 500 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)|SC1000L2 (1,000 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 3 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (750 kg total)
* 3 x 500 kg SC500K bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 1 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bomb (1,000 kg total)
* 1 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bomb + 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (1,500 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==


The standard bombs on the Ar 234 C-3 are the 3 x 250 kg bombs. You will have access to them even if your Arado is stock. The 3 x 500 kg bombs need to be researched first. Additionally, this variant of the Arado possesses 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, so one of the best ways to use your Ar 234 to ensure you can farm RP and SL for your modifications is:

1. Equip the 3 x 500 kg bombs and start the match at the air spawn point.

2. On maps such as Berlin, move to one of the enemy bases and drop your 3 x 500 kg bombs. 1.5 tonnes worth of bombs is not enough to destroy a base, so from there you have two options to choose from:

2.1 Go back to the airfield and get new bombs

If you choose to go back to the airfield to get new bombs, be aware that unfortunately, the Arado does not have any air brakes, which is a problem as it has particularly good energy retention and some pilots may find it hard to safely land.

When landing the Arado, decrease speed by turning before you reach the airfield (aim to be at 400 km/h or less) then align with the landing strip, activate your flaps and proceed with the landing. If using the landing gear, ensure that you are at extremely low speed before landing or that the landing strip is long enough to stop on. The Arado has extremely good energy retention and is very heavy, so it does take a long time to stop. You can land without gear, which, while obviously dangerous, offers a much better chance to stop in time on shorter landing strips. To do this, land flat on the belly and avoid allowing the wings to touch the ground before you stop moving.

2.2 Search for enemy targets

Once you have dropped your bombs, you can turn your sights to enemy aircraft; the Arado C-3 is quite capable as a fighter, especially in comparison to other German BR 7.0 jets. It doesn't suffer from the same issues as the Me 262, which lacks in power and once it loses energy, often struggles to regain it, or the Ho 229, which can rip its wings very easily in high-G manoeuvres. With the Arado, you won't encounter these kinds of problems, providing you don't attempt to turn fight. The Arado C-3 has the best climb rate of any BR 7.0 German jet. It also possesses a roll rate to rival the Me 262, so with your 4 powerful engines, you have everything you need to take on other jets. As such, once you've finished your bombing run, turn and climb towards the battlefield, and try to maintain altitude above other jets. Once you're reasonably high, pick vulnerable targets and dive in for a pass, taking a shot at them and then moving away to retain your energy. Avoid exceeding 750 km/h when stock, as the dive can become increasingly hard to slow. Once all modifications have been researched, however, the aircraft provides a reasonable amount of additional leeway before it encounters issues. If everything falls apart and you find yourself with fighters on your tail, try to keep accelerating if possible and try to lure the enemies toward your own teammates so that they can assist you.

'''Baiting:'''

The Ar 234 C-3 is a great jet bomber. With its 3,500 m spawn altitude, nice acceleration, energy retention and dive speed, you can easily become bait and set up enemies to be downed by your allies. To do so, climb to 4,000 m, en route to the enemy location, drop your bombs to lighten your load. Once in the vicinity of the enemy start to dive on them. The goal is to keep the enemy aircraft busy chasing you, however, if you happen to get behind one, don't be shy about introducing them to your cannons.

You can use cockpit periscope to check the type of enemy planes from a very high distance.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great overall fight performance, with high top speed and acceleration
* Very good climb rate, handling, and energy retention when fully upgraded, capable of dogfighting when needed
* Landing gear can handle speeds up to 400 km/h
* Durable flaps that can be used at speeds lower than 550 km/h, even in the landing flap configuration
* Four engines provides the much-needed speed increase from the previous model
* 2 x MG 151 20 mm cannons provide decent air-to-air performance
* Has periscope gunsight at top-right of the cockpit, aids in more effective targeting, helps you identify enemy aircraft types sooner

'''Cons:'''

* Atrocious stock grind; very low stock bomb load, and the default 20 mm belt has very poor damage output
* 20 mm has low muzzle velocity for a jet, can be difficult to aim while turning or at range
* Generally mediocre flight performance while stock; sluggish handling and acceleration, and it is hard to recover from dives in speeds beyond 750 km/h
* Pilot can be easily knocked out
* Low overall payload, which means that you only can destroy 1 enemy base with the heaviest payload
* Doesn't have air brakes, which when combined with the plane's very good energy retention can make landing potentially very dangerous
* No gunsight in the non-scoped cockpit, you have to rely on perception to aim
* No booster rockets unlike predecessor

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=arado-234c-3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|k-HKFXvopL8|'''Arado Blitz''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|GnkZaXRnPPI|'''Arado 234 C-3: Bullying Fighters''' - ''Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/262864-arado-ar-234-c-3/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Arado}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

Tiger E

2023-07-29T21:25:57Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = German heavy tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Tiger I (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_pzkpfw_VI_ausf_e_tiger
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' ([[Abbreviations#.28DE.29_Sd.Kfz._Index|Sd.Kfz. Index:]] '''Sd.Kfz. 181''') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German heavy tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.47 "Big Guns"]].

The Tiger E is the late production model of the Tiger I featuring steel road wheels and Zimmerit paste on the armour. The Tiger E also introduces the more powerful APCR ammunition for the 88 mm KwK 36 gun, a shorter commander cupola and the pintle-mounted MG.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

[[File:TigerIHTank Armour Angling.png|right|thumbnail|The ideal angling of hull armour on Tiger I for maximum effective armour all-around|300px]]
The armour of the Tiger E is decent at its rank for a heavy tank however if it is angled like the picture below ups its armour from the lacklustre 100 mm of flat homogeneous armour to an extreme 200-400 mm thick. The turret suffers from the same problem of flat armour but this is impossible to angle while still engaging an enemy tank. The side and rear armour are also pretty strong in comparison to the rest of the tanks in this rank however the armour will not protect you from most shells due to it being flat. If you don't angle, your front plate will be an easy target for your opponents.

While the hull armour is largely unchanged, turret armour has been improved a bit - the large, flat commander's cupola has been replaced by a much smaller, angled variant. The turret roof armour has been increased to 40 mm (historically as a reaction to increasing numbers of Allied attack planes) and the gun mantlet is slightly more durable with a 140 mm thick armour plate on the area that used to be the weakest part. Spare tracks now cover the entire lower front glacis.

'''Armour type:'''

*Rolled homogeneous armour
*Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet, Cupola)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear (Slope angle) !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 102 mm (9°) ''Front plate'' 62 mm (80°) ''Front glacis'' 102 + 30 mm (25°) ''Lower glacis''|| 82 mm ''Top'' 62 mm ''Bottom''|| 82 mm (9°)|| 26 mm
|-
| Turret || 100 mm ''Turret front'' 90 - 200 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 82 mm || 82 mm || 40 mm
|-
| Cupola || 80 mm || 80 mm || 80 mm || 40 mm
|}
'''Notes:'''

*Commander's cupola is smaller and nicely rounded for better protection compared to [[Tiger H1|Tiger H1]].
*Almost entire frontal lower plate is covered by attached tracks, adding 30 mm of armour.
*Turret front covered by gun mantlet has variable thickness depending on exact place, ranging from 90 to 200 mm of armour.
*Lower side hull armour is only 62 mm thick, exploitable when flanking the Tiger, or when facing them angled.
*Parts of the turret side armour are covered by attached tracks, adding additional 30 mm of armour.
*On paper, the best angle is roughly 38.8° with armour all-round being from the front 130 mm.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

The Tiger E is powered by a slightly more powerful engine (700 HP vs. 650 HP for the H1).

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=904|rbMinHp=619}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

For Tier I modifications obtained the vital ''Parts'' and ''Horizontal Drive'' modifications as the former will give the Tiger the ability to repair and the latter will provide a much-needed boost to the Tiger's slow turret traverse rate.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|KwK36 (88 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[KwK36 (88 mm)|88 mm KwK36]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 92 || rowspan="2" | -8°/+16° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 11.3 || 15.7 || 19.0 || 21.1 || 22.4 || rowspan="2" | 9.62 || rowspan="2" | 8.51 || rowspan="2" | 7.84 || rowspan="2" | 7.40
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.3 || 9.8 || 11.9 || 13.2 || 14.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
Firepower-wise, the Tiger E gains the access to the new PzGr 40 APCR ammunition, with high penetration.

* '''PzGr 39''': You should stick with this type of shell as it's the best. It will do incredible damage to any tank you encounter, except SPAA, AA guns, or AI artillery. You may struggle with some heavier tanks like the IS-1, IS-2, or American heavy tanks at long ranges, but well-placed shots from close range or sides will do the job; all other medium and light tanks will be history as soon as this shell make a contact with them. This shell, however, will almost always over-penetrate all but the most armoured SPAA vehicles, so it is best to use HE or machine gun fire.
* '''PzGr 40''': As the APCR round for the gun, this will give you the greater edge needed to take out heavily protected tanks at the cost of post-penetration damage.
* '''PzGr.''': This shell has similar characteristics as the PzGr 39, but sacrifices some penetration for about 50% more explosive filler. It is recently given the ability to cause overpressure damage and thus has unrivalled post-penetration damage. It It is recommended to carry some of these shells and use them regularly, as the penetration is still enough to deal with most targets (at least when being top rank), and switch to PzGr 39 when shooting targets far away, or those that are heavily armoured.
* '''Hl.Gr. 39''': On paper the HEAT rounds don't bring anything new to the table, however they can be used as a substitute for the HE shells due to the greater explosive mass and still gives you a fighting chance if you get caught with your pants down.
* '''Sprgr. L/4.5''': The HE shell is completely ineffective against all but SPAA or the AI artillery on the Kursk and Ash River maps, and the machine gun mounted on the Tiger has proven quite capable of dealing with these. Keep a small supply of this shell on hand if you plan to flank the enemy and take out their SPAA or artillery, but avoid them for everything else.

{{:KwK36 (88 mm)/Ammunition|PzGr 39, PzGr 40, Pzgr., Hl.Gr 39, Sprgr. L/4.5}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! 9th rack empty
! 10th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''92''' || 77 ''(+15)'' || 61 ''(+31)'' || 45 ''(+47)'' || 29 ''(+63)'' || 25 ''(+67)'' || 21 ''(+71)'' || 17 ''(+75)'' || 13 ''(+79)'' || 7 ''(+85)'' || 1 ''(+91)'' || No
|-
|}
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
'''Note''':

* Large sides empty: 29 ''(+63)'' shells.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|MG34 (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG34 (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm MG34]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 2,350 (150) || 900 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Pintle || 2,000 (150) || 900 || -10°/+25° || -55°/+160°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The main role of the ''Tiger'' tank was to eliminate enemy tanks at a far range, similar to behaving like a sniping tank, or a Tank Destroyer. Nonetheless, the Tiger can excel at brawling with other tanks at medium, even possibly against two [[Panther D|Panther]] tanks to close range and escape undamaged. It's recommended to not stay in one place for too long or risk getting outflanked, spotted, or bombed.

While guns like the Soviet [[D-5T (85 mm)|85 mm]] cannon can easily penetrate the Tiger at close range, the Tiger can stay nearly invulnerable at long range. The 88 mm can take out any tank on Rank 3 at any combat range but may have problems with the [[IS-1]]'s 120 mm front or the [[M4A3E2]]'s frontal armour at some ranges. When having to close in a bit it is generally advisable to angle the hull to the sides by about 30°, improving the armour rating enough that it can keep away 85 mm shells very well, even at closer ranges. The Tiger is still vulnerable to the [[SU-152|SU-152s]] howitzer and its HE shell at any range. So whenever encountering these heavy-calibre vehicles, it should be prioritized and eliminated first.

Mobility-wise the Tiger is pretty good for a heavy tank. It is much faster than a [[KV-1 (ZiS-5)|KV-1]] and about as equally fast as the [[IS-1]], although medium tanks like the [[T-34-85]] can easily outmanoeuvre all three at close range. Try to use the Tiger's mobility to keep a distance rather than for closing in on a target. Don't be afraid to use the speed to fall back if necessary as the Tiger cannot survive close range engagements on open terrain vs. mediums, due to the slow turret and the vulnerability to the 85 mm guns on Soviet medium tanks.

The Tiger E has a better turret traverse than the H1, but the same precaution of managing a lower than average turret traverse should be taken into consideration. It is still recommended to get the Horizontal Drive traverse modification as fast as possible. Even then, the Tiger will have to turn the tank in the direction of the traverse to make the most of the time to quickly engage a target. This, together with very exposed ammo racks on both sides (though one side can be emptied by reducing the ammo stowage) means that facing multiple enemies at once is almost a certain end to the Tiger tank. The best option is to take cover from one tank and fire on the other.

As far as ammo is concerned, the default PzGr 39 will be the standard AP rounds many players will use. The second AP round available, the Pzgr., is also a good round to use against the enemy as the shell contains more explosive filler than the default, but suffers from a lower penetration value compared to the PzGr 39. The HEAT rounds only offer more penetration at extreme ranges (> 2,000 m) and do less damage upon penetration, so it should just be omitted from the Tiger's combat load. The best upgrade for the Tiger I E would be the PzGr 40 APCR ammunition now available to the tank, necessary ammunition to fight the heavier vehicles in the Rank IV area, so always bring a few just in case. Upgrading the tank should mainly be dedicated to turret traverse, hull traverse (as this is needed even with the turret traverse upgrade) and engine upgrades. The Tiger's 88 has massive destructive power. Unlike the other German tank of its rank, all armed with 75 mm guns, the Tiger can easily one-shot all the mediums like the T-34s, M4 Shermans, and still be a threat against heavy tanks like the IS-1s. If it doesn't destroy a tank in one hit, most of the enemy crew will be wounded or incapacitated. The best place to aim with the 88 is either at the gunner's side of the enemy turret to incapacitate an enemy's firepower, or between the driver and the gunner which would usually wound or knock out most of the enemy crew at once. Attacking from the side also presents a good shot opportunity, as the best shot placement is right below the turret on the hull where most of the tank ammunition is stored, giving a big chance for an ammo-rack explosion.

When driving the Tiger, plan ahead on where it will drive. Even with engine and track modifications, the Tiger is still a heavy tank and a 90 degree or more turn will almost always mean an immediate standstill as the tank try to make the change in movement. Even small adjustments can knock the speed down a bit. Thus, knowing the terrain and destination is of the utmost importance to preserve its mobility to its fullest extent.

The Tiger is best used on the flanks of the current maps, as these are usually more open and allow good use of its armour and excellent gun. The centre of the map would seem more logical as there are a lot of enemies, but as has already been established a Tiger taking fire from multiple directions won't last long. Going in a flank and taking down light and medium tanks is an easy task for this beast, and thus a flank can be easily secured if the Tiger is driven carefully. Then, work the Tiger into the enemy sides and rear of the main force in the centre, doing much more damage than if the Tiger faced the force head-on because a shot to the side and rear will set most enemies alight if not outright exploding the ammunition. Quickly destroying enemies, the Tiger can quickly jump from target to target and eliminate a good number of enemies in its lifespan. During all this, make sure to always angle the hull armour to maximize longevity.

The Tiger E faces most of the enemies the Tiger H1 could face, many of which could effectively engage the Tiger, like the [[Panther (Disambiguation)|Panther medium tanks]], the [[T-34-85]], and even as high as the [[Tiger II (H)|Tiger IIs]].

* [[M26|M26 Pershing]]: The American medium tank has a 90 mm cannon comparable to the 88 mm plus with sloped 100 mm armour compared to the Tiger's vertical one. However, a clean shot on the centre of the front armour when it is not angled can have the 88 mm shell penetrate straight through. The turret front is also a weak point.
* [[T26E1-1|T26E1-1 "Super Pershing"]]: The "Super Pershing" has a 90 mm gun comparable to the 88 mm on the Tiger II, so extra caution must be exercised when on the business end of the gun. The added armour on the Super Pershing compared to the regular Pershing also improves its frontal resistance to shells. However, there is a big weak point on the right side on the front hull, with a large hull cut in the additional armour for the machine gun. A round through here would negate the extra armour and have the 88 mm only deal with the base armour.
* [[T34]]: The T34 is on the same level as the Tiger II and as such outclasses the Tiger I by a large margin. If faced in the front, the only weak points present would be the commander's cupola, the gun optic on the right side of the gun mantlet, and the lower glacis armour. Facing this tank would require the use of the APCR or fancy manoeuvring to its side to plant a 88 mm onto its sides.
* [[Panther D]], [[Panther A|A]], [[Panther G|G]], [[Panther F|F]]: At standard ranges, the weakest point on the Panther's front is the turret. Aim at the flat areas of the turret such as the bottom sides or straight into the curved gun mantlet. The Panther F presents a smaller turret target with its design, but the larger flat area still makes it a viable target for an 88 mm.
* Tiger II [[Tiger II (P)|(P)]]/[[Tiger II (H)|(H)]]: A menace to the Tiger I, the Tiger II outclasses its predecessor in armour and firepower. The biggest frontal weak point, the turret front, is invulnerable to standard AP rounds from the Tiger I. Thus, an APCR is a must to have a reasonable chance of penetrating the Tiger II from the front. However, if the Tiger I can get a good shot at its side armour, a standard PzGr 39 APCBC round can take it out with ease.
* [[T-34-85]]: The T-34-85 with it's 85 mm gun can take out a Tiger very easily if it gets a jump on its flat hull armour. However, an 88 mm shell onto the T-34-85 hull can take it out with ease.
* [[IS-1]]: The IS-1's front hull and turret armour can be penetrated by the 88 mm, but beware of the 85 mm cannon
* [[IS-2]], [[IS-2 (1944)]]: The IS-2's 122 mm cannon can very easily deal with the Tiger I with one shot. In the original IS-2 version, the front armour is still the same on the turret and hull so the same advice from the IS-1 applies. However, the 1944 version introduces a new front hull design that makes it impervious. In the 1944 version, aim for the lower glacis armour or the turret cheeks for a penetration.
* [[Centurion Mk 1]]: With the heavily sloped frontal armour, strong turret and access to APDS, the Centurion can easily take out a Tiger I at long range. If the enemy could target an ammo rack is, they will easily take out the Tiger in one shot.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* The gun mantlet, MG port and driver's port are particularly hard to penetrate due to their complex, varying shape and thickness. Can absorb quite some shells sometimes. The cupola also has a better shape which makes it not so vulnerable
* Decent cannon with adequate accuracy and a range of shells to choose. Stock shell has great penetration and damage, and can one-shot common opponents easily (eg. T-34-85, M4, IS-1, M6A1). Has access to a piercing APCR with 200+mm penetration, which is effective against thick, flat armour found on the Churchill Mk.VII or [[Ho-Ri Production|Ho-Ri]] (mixed battle)
* Pzgr. shell can cause overpressure damage (higher explosive filler mass than the Soviet 122 mm APHE round).
* One of the fastest heavy tanks with its top speed of 45 km/h, meaning it can get to some positions quickly alongside friendly medium tanks.
* The box-like hull shape gives the ability to angling tactic. When angling the hull at around 40° and placing yourself far from the enemies (at least 500 m away) the Tiger E can resist common tanks like the 76 mm Sherman, T-34-85 and [[M36 Jackson (Family)|M36]].
* Good reverse speed and hull traverse allows it to quickly angle for deflecting shells.
* -8° gun depression works well in most hilly terrain
* Unlike the Tiger H1, the Tiger E does not have the S-Mine dischargers which limit gun depression.
* Smoke shells allow it to escape from danger or to cover allies.
* Has access to a pintle-mounted MG which can fend off low-flying aircraft or knock out the exposed crew of some vehicles (eg. GAZ trucks, [[M18 GMC|M18]]'s commander)
* Slight increase in lower front plate armor

'''Cons:'''

* Weak and unsloped armour protection. If not angling, the Tiger E can be destroyed easily by the T-34-85 or 76 mm Sherman. Even if the Tiger is angling, watch out for the [[IS-2 (Family)|IS-2]] that can still knock you out with one shot.
* Might struggle to penetrate heavy targets frontally. For example the [[T29]], [[M26 (Family)|M26]], [[T26E1-1|T26E1]] and IS-2 1944.
* Rather slow acceleration limits its short range manoeuvrability.
* Slow turret traverse makes it hard to respond to flankers quickly. The [[M18 GMC|M18]] is very common at this BR
* Ammo storage at the hull sides are very easy to explode when hit.
* Is a big and tall target, easy to get spotted and shot at.
* Other then APCR, not much of a upgrade over the Tiger H1 despite a higher battle rating.

== History ==

===Development===
The '''Tiger I''' heavy tank was arguably the most infamous tank of World War II. The design for this tank began as early as January 1937 when Henschel & Sohn worked on a large "breakthrough" called the Durchbruchwagen that weighed about 30 tons on request by the German military.<ref name="ImagesOfWarTiger">Anthony Tucker-Jones. ''Images Of War Special: Tiger I & Tiger II'' Great Britain: Pen & Sword Military, 2013</ref> The request was modified over time for more armour and better gun that increased the weight to 36 tons, but this project was dropped in 1938 in favour of the better prototypes VK 30.01(H) and VK 36.01(H). These new prototypes were the start of the usage of the Schachtellaufwerk wheel arrangements, but these also never passed prototype stages and were both cancelled in 1942.

During the development of the prototypes above, the German invasion of France showed that the Allied tanks such as the Somua, Char B1, and [[Matilda Mk II|Matilda II]] were impervious to their current anti-tank weaponry and a need for better armoured and armed tanks was emphasized. So on May 26, 1941, Henschel and Porsche were asked to submit designs for a 45-ton heavy tank that was to be ready for demonstration by June 1942. During their development in June 1941, Germany initiated Operation Barbarossa against the Soviet Union and was shocked by appearance of the [[T-34 (1941)|T-34]] and [[KV-1 (ZiS-5)|KV-1]] tanks that were invulnerable to all but the most potent anti-tank weapon in German inventory, one of which was the [[KwK 36 (88 mm)|88 mm FlaK cannon]]. The potency of the 88 mm cannon against the heavily armoured tanks that the Germans faced had Hitler ordered that the heavy tank design undertaken by Henschel and Porsche to utilize the 88 mm as its main armament instead of a 75 mm cannon.

The designs of the tank were finalized and ready for demonstration on April 20, 1942, Hitler's birthday, and showed the VK 45.01(H) and the [[VK 45.01 (P)|VK 45.01(P)]]. The demonstration and subsequent evaluations on the two designs determined that the Henschel variant was superior to the Porsche variant, proving more reliable, more mobile, and more easily produced than the Porsche. This caused the Henschel variant to be adopted as the '''Panzerkampfwagen VI Tiger''' and production started in August 1942. The Porsche variant had many chassis produced as Ferdinand Porsche thought the design would win, so the chassis was instead used in the [[Ferdinand|Ferdinand]] tank destroyer.

===Design===
What perhaps made the Tiger I so unique in tank development and German doctrine is a change of focus between the three characteristics of the tank; with more emphasis to firepower and armour than to mobility. The Tiger I contained the large [[KwK 36 (88 mm)|88 mm KwK 36 cannon]] which was very accurate and powerful, being able to penetrate every Allied armour present at its introduction. The armour on the Tiger I was also one of the greatest at the time, with an astounding 102 mm of armour on the front hull armour, 82 mm on the side superstructure and rear, and 120 mm on the gun mantlet. The armour was vertical faced so no sloping benefits were present like on the [[Panther D|Panther]]. All these armour thicknesses proved invulnerable to most Allied anti-tank weaponry at the time, requiring more creative methods in a shot placement to disable the tank. The mobility, while taken with less emphasis in the development, was still respectable at the time as the tank weighed about 57 metric tons, about 20 tons more than other country's main tanks, yet is able to keep up a speed of 38 km/h (Maximum speed was 45 km/h, but an engine governor was installed to preserve the engine life).

The tank utilized a torsion-bar suspension system in a Schachtellaufwerk overlapping pattern, making the Tiger one of the first German tank design to use the pattern. While the design gave the Tiger I great flotation due to the use of a wider track for lower ground pressure, it had disadvantages in environment and maintenance. In the Eastern Front, mud and other foreign objects could be jammed in between the overlapping wheels, which would freeze in the winter and jam the wheels; the overlapping wheels also were a hassle to change out, in order to replace one wheel in the inside of the suspension, it requires the removal of at least nine other wheels in order to access it. The first 250 Tiger tanks used a Maybach V-12 HL210 engine with 650 hp before switching over to the more powerful Maybach V-12 HL230 engine with 700 hp. The engine proved adequate in propelling the tank but was still considered underpowered for the tank weight.

The Tiger I, as innovative as it is to tank warfare, was a strain on German war production. The tank was over-engineered, taking much more man-hour and materials for its worth as a war machine. Cost-wise, two [[Pz.IV G|Panzer IVs]] or four [[StuG III G|StuG IIIs]] can be built for the cost of one Tiger I. The tank was also expensive to maintain and took lots of fuel to run. These attributed to the low number of only 1,354 Tiger Is produced from 1942 to August 1944.<ref name="ImagesOfWarTiger">Anthony Tucker-Jones. ''Images Of War Special: Tiger I & Tiger II'' Great Britain: Pen & Sword Military, 2013</ref>

===Variants===
There are three main production Tiger I variants known today, the "early-production", "mid-production", and "late-production" models. The Early-production model was designated as the '''[[Tiger H1|Panzerkampfwagen VI Ausf. H]]''' the first few batches and is distinguished by its drum-style cupola with over-swinging hatch, the model also had two vehicle lights on the front side of the tank. The Mid-production featured Zimmerit paste and a side-swinging cupola with accommodation for a machine gun mounted on the cupola, the vehicle light was also changed to just one placed right in the front of the hull armour. The mid-production was also redesignated in May 1943 as the '''[[Tiger E|Panzerkampfwagen VI Ausf. E]]'''. Late-production models featured the removal of the Zimmerit paste as there was an assumed flaw with it, and the overlapping wheels were instead made into interleaving with full-steel road wheels as well, in a manner similar to the [[Tiger II (H)|Tiger II]].

Other specialized variants of the Tiger I was produced as well. A small number of demolition carrier models were field-made in Italy, where it had its main gun replaced by a crane to carry demolition to clear minefields or destroy obstacles. The demolition carrier version was interpreted by Allied intelligence as a BergeTiger, an armoured recovery vehicle, though it is not known if it ever saw service in this role. Another specialized variant produced in 1944 in some numbers was the Sturmtiger, an heavy assault gun with a 38 cm rocket launcher made from a depth charge. 19 of these were made and saw use in all fronts, though its most noteworthy combat action was in the Warsaw Uprising.

===Combat usage===
In its introduction, Hitler ordered the new Tigers to be used in the Leningrad siege in September 1942. However, as the faults of the tank were still not yet fully ironed out at this stage, the mechanical unreliability and the unsuitable terrain caused one of the Tiger Is to be stuck in the swamps and abandoned by its users. This example was then captured by the Red Army and tipped off the Allies of the development of the new Tiger tanks and so developments in countermeasures began. In North Africa, the Tigers saw the first action against the Western Allies in Tunisia in December 1942. Its impact there left an impression on the Allied armour forces, but its myth as an invulnerable tank was shattered when two Tigers were taken out by the British [[Ordnance QF 6-pounder Mk.III (57 mm)|6-pounder anti-tank guns]]. The total loss in that campaign was seven Tigers by February 1943.

Once mass-numbers of Tiger Is were available, they were employed in heavy tank battalions that were to be deployed in breakthrough operations or counter-attacks. Field experience with the Tiger showed that the Tiger's heavyweight proved a nuisance in operational mobility, an example being that small bridges were unable to support the Tiger tank's weight. An attempt to remedy this was to use a snorkel device so the tank could ford rivers as deep as 4 m, however, this system was phased out of later production models for cost-savings. The Tiger suffered reliability problems in all of its service life that impeded its effectiveness and its high fuel usage limited its combat operations. Armour recovery of the vehicle was also terrible as three heavy recovery half-tracks were required to tow the tank away, causing a strain on the German support line to keep the Tiger tanks in running order. Despite that, the Tiger I proved superior in terms of armour and armament against the Allies and created massive losses among their armoured forces, causing many soldiers to keep an eye out for the infamous "Tigers".

The impact the Tiger had on the battlefield as the superior tank at its introduction created fame to the commanders and crew operating this tank, further fueling the Tiger's reputation in the war as a killing machine. Some Tiger units were able to achieve kill ratios up to 10:1, and some even higher. Some notable Tiger aces known were Kurt Knispel (168 tank kills), Otto Carius (150+), Johannes Bölter (139+), and Michael Wittmann (138).

However, as the war progressed and the impact of the Tiger's surprise in Kursk and Italy has dissolved, Allied developments gave forth more capable tanks able to defeat the Tiger I tanks. The Soviets solution was to up-gun their [[T-34 (1942)|T-34s]] with an [[D-5T (85 mm)|85 mm gun]] to make the [[T-34-85]], and the Western Allies with the [[M1 (76 mm)|76 mm]] and [[Ordnance QF 17-pounder (76 mm)|17-pounders]] on the [[M4A1 (76) W|M4 Sherman]] and [[Sherman Firefly|Firefly]] respectively.. The Tiger went as an highly-invulnerable tank design into a simple heavy tank as the war went on, and it was replaced by the more powerful and more heavily armoured [[Tiger II (H)|Tiger II]] in 1944. Despite its replacement, many Tiger I models still saw use up until the end of World War II.

===Survivors===
Due to the low number of Tiger Is made during the war (1354, compared to [[Pz.IV H|Panzer IV]]'s 8,550 and the [[M4|M4 Sherman]]'s ~50,000), very few intact Tiger Is are left in the world. Today, only seven tanks in various conditions exist in the world. The most famous of these is Tiger 131, captured by the British in Tunisia in April 1943. The crew abandoned the tank due to a [[Ordnance QF 6-pounder Mk.III (57 mm)|6-pounder]] shot from a [[Churchill Mk III|Churchill tank]] jamming the gun mantlet and turret ring, causing it to be unable to aim. This intact tank is also famous for being the only fully operational Tiger I in the world due to a restoration effort by the Bovington Tank Museum in the 1990s. It is still there as a display and remains as the museum's most popular exhibit.

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
A late modification to the Pz.Kpfw heavy tank. The VI Tiger was intended to reduce the expense of production and make the vehicle more easily adaptable to specific combat conditions.

Late-model Tigers had an upgraded track assembly, including full-metal rollers with internal amortization, which allowed them to be used for longer without degrading the smoothness of the ride. The number of rows of rollers was reduced from four to three on each side. The external row was removed. A new track adjusting wheel with a reduced diameter was installed.

The design of the turret was altered: the thickness of the armour at the top of the turret was increased to 45 mm, and a new gun mantlet was installed under the TFZ-9's monocular sight. To defend the tank in close combat a Nahverteidigungswaffe bomb discharger was installed that fired anti-personal mines. A Zimmerit coating was used that was supposed to protect the tank against magnetic mines and grenades.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_pzkpfw_VI_ausf_e_tiger Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Sights

* [https://live.warthunder.com/post/675135/en/ RideR2's Realistic gunsight (TZF4a, TZF 5a/b/d/e/f/f2, TZF 9b/b1/c/d, TZF 12/a) for Pzkpfw II, Pzkpfw III, Pzkpfw IV, Pzkpfw V, Pzkpfw VI]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|MhjI_h5FhG4|'''IS-2 vs Tiger E''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|9_txEPailKc|'''The Shooting Range #92''' - ''Tactics & Strategy'' section at 10:50 discusses the Tiger I.|kFQd8TYt6Ew|'''Tank Chats #17 Tiger I''' - ''The Tank Museum''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/devblog/current/745/|[Devblog] IL-2 AM-38 1941 and Pz.Kpfw. VI Ausf. E Tiger]]

=== References ===
<references />

{{Germany heavy tanks}}

RakJPz 2 (HOT)

2023-07-26T22:24:44Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = German tank destroyer '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = RakJPz 2
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_raketenjagdpanzer_2_hot
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.63 "Desert Hunters"]]. Compared to its [[RakJPz 2|predecessor]], this variant has an upgraded missile known as the '''HOT''' ('''H'''igh Subsonic '''O'''ptical Remote-Guided, '''T'''ube-Launched) that is aimed by simply sticking the gun's sight onto the desired target.

Due to its relatively low profile, the Raketenjagdpanzer 2 HOT is able to completely conceal itself behind hills and rocks and fire over them. This allows for quick hit and run strikes, and ambushes are made much easier. According to several commanders, the reverse rate of this vehicle is outstanding, allowing retreat if needed. The ATGM itself is rather glitchy in long-range flight but is outstanding in mid to close range engagements. However, it cannot fire directly in front of it, nor does the ATGM perform well in vertical manoeuvring.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 50 mm (51°) ''Front glacis'' 50 mm (54°) ''Lower glacis'' || 30 mm (35°) ''Top'' 30 mm ''Bottom'' || 30 mm (44°) ''Top'' 30 mm (41°) ''Bottom'' || 10 mm
|-
| Turret || 20 mm || 20 mm || 20 mm || 20 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick while tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Turret has a very low profile, but is very vulnerable

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=710|rbMinHp=442}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|HOT-K3S}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[HOT-K3S]] ATGM || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 20 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+10° || rowspan="2" | ±15° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 22.0 || 30.5 || 37.0 || 40.9 || 43.5 || rowspan="2" | 10.0 || rowspan="2" | 10.0 || rowspan="2" | 10.0 || rowspan="2" | 10.0
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.9 || 17.5 || 21.3 || 23.5 || 25.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:HOT-K3S/Ammunition|HOT}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''20''' || No
|-
|}
Notes:

* It is not possible to select how many missiles to bring into battle.
* Missiles are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* Missiles deplete from rack 1 then 2. Rack 3 represents the ATGM launcher.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|MG3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm MG3A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 2,500 (1,000) || 1,200 || -5°/+25° || ±45°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The RakJPz 2 (HOT) is a very deadly vehicle if played correctly. The vehicle is extremely lightly armoured and has to be mainly played in defensive positions. The location of the launcher and sight give it the ability to hide the hull of the vehicle and only expose the launcher keeping you protected while still being able to destroy oncoming enemies.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Low profile
* Good horizontal control of the ATGM
* Amazing penetration
* Fast and manoeuvrable
* HOT missile can penetrate Rank VI special armour
* Can fire on the move

'''Cons:'''

* Poor vertical control of the ATGM
* If flanked, cannot return fire easily
* Fires up initially, preventing the tank from firing directly in front of it
* Due to the offset between the gunners sight and the missile launcher, missiles shot at close targets will be offset to the left.
* Missile launcher has limited traverse, requiring to turn the entire vehicle or make the missile turn sharply
* Armor almost none existent

== History ==

{{main|Raketenjagdpanzer 2 (History)}}

===Development===
In the 1960s, development of a missile carrier acting as a tank destroyer. The result came in 1961 with the ''Raketenjagdpanzer 1'', which features the French SS.11 anti-tank missile. The Raketenjagdpanzer 1 features two mounts for the missiles, but only one is available at a time as while one remains ready to fire, the other is reloading inside the vehicle. The vehicle can hold 10 missiles inside on a Hispano-Suiza HS-30 chassis. The vehicle carried lots of problems with the HS-30 chassis so only a limited amount was made at only 95 vehicles produced from 1961 to 1962. A second version was produced alongside the [[JPz 4-5|Jagdpanzer 4-5]] between 1963 and 1965, and the two were designed on the same chassis. The finished model was designated the ''[[RakJPz 2|Raketenjagdpanzer 2]]'' and this was accepted into service in 1967 for the German Bundeswehr. The Raketenjagdpanzer 2 was produced from 1967 to 1968 with a total of 318 units produced.

===Design===
Though slightly larger than the Raketenjagdpanzer 1, the Raketenjagdpanzer 2 had better automotive performances with a newer chassis and using a 500 hp diesel engine and a torsion bar suspension. The new vehicle chassis design allowed for increased missile storage for 14 SS.11 missiles. The Raketenjagdpanzer 2 features two rails for the missiles, both ready to fire and reloads are done automatically by each mount inside the vehicle. The SS.11 missiles allow the vehicle to engage enemy armour up to 3 kilometres away, with the missiles strong enough to take out most Soviet armour at the time. MG3 machine guns were added onto the vehicle for anti-infantry and anti-aircraft defence purposes.

===Usage===
The German Bundeswehr used the Raketenjagdpanzer 2 from 1967 as far as to the early 2000s. The Raketenjagdpanzer 2's purpose was to engage enemy armour in the ranges between 1.5 to 3 kilometres away, which tank armaments accuracy and power are reduced at the distances. The SS.11 missile's range and lethality made the Raketenjagdpanzer 2 perfect for its role as it could defeat the main Soviet tanks such as the [[T-54 (1951)|T-54/55]] and [[T-62]]. The Germans organized the Raketenjagdpanzer 2 in tank destroyer companies attached to Panzergrenadier brigades and Panzer brigades, with eight vehicles per company in the Panzergrenadier brigades and 13 vehicles per company in the Panzer brigades. When the manual-guided SS.11 missiles became obsolete, the Raketenjagdpanzer 2 underwent an upgrade between 1978 and 1982 in armour and in its missile armament from the SS.11 to the '''HOT''' ('''H'''igh Subsonic '''O'''ptical Remote-Guided, '''T'''ube-Launched) missiles with improved lethality and guidance system. The upgraded Raketenjagdpanzer 2 was called the '''[[RakJPz 2 (HOT)|Raketenjagdpanzer 2 HOT]]'''. This saw an improvement again between 1993 and 1995 when some extra armour, a new optic, and thermal imaging system were installed into the vehicle. This upgrade was called the Raketenjagdpanzer 3 Jaguar 1A3. The Raketenjagdpanzers were retired from the Bundeswehr in 2005 and the Austrian army in 2006, never seeing combat in the Cold War.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_raketenjagdpanzer_2_hot Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|cv79zrNctuA|'''{{PAGENAME}}: Ready for the new E.R.A.?''' - ''Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==


* [[JPz 4-5]]
* [[RakJPz 2]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/3737-development-raketenjagdpanzer-2-the-low-profile-slinger-en|[Devblog] Raketenjagdpanzer 2, the Low Profile Slinger]]

{{Germany tank destroyers}}

Ho 229 V3

2023-07-26T17:51:46Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=go229_v3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.43]].

The Ho 229 V3 is the first jet in the "Zerstörer" tech tree of the Luftwaffe and currently comes before the [[G.91 R/3]]. Ironically, it goes against much of the doctrine set by the previous planes, favouring speed and manoeuvrability over armament and durability.

Something that will immediately stand out with the Ho 229 V3 is how incredibly manoeuvrable it is compared to most other jet fighters. The Ho 229 V3 can almost quite literally turn on a dime and can even in some circumstances out-turn late super props such as the [[P-51H-5-NA|P-51H]] if manoeuvred correctly. However, if its manoeuvrability is used to its full extent, it also causes the plane to bleed speed at a crippling rate, making a sustained turn fight impossible to win. As such, it is advised to use the Ho 229 V3 as a Boom & Zoom fighter in order to maintain airspeed and altitude. Remember that jet engines' efficiency is directly proportional to the IAS, due to the increased air intake, meaning the Ho 229 V3 will be accelerating very slowly between 0-500 km/h, but beyond will be able to outrun any propeller-driven aircraft.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 8,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 871 || 847 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 24.8 || 25.4 || 17.0 || 16.1 || rowspan="2" | 850
|-
! Upgraded
| 950 || 910 || 23.4 || 24.0 || 25.5 || 21.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 980  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 558 || 529 || 380 || ~10 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 570 || < 600 || < 420 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Junkers Jumo 004D || 2
| colspan="3" | 4,800 kg || colspan="3" | 188 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 17m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 57m fuel
|-
| 750 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 5,541 kg || 5,667 kg || 6,088 kg || 6,720 kg || 7,255 kg || 7,500 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 17m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 57m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 1,050 kgf || N/A
| 0.38 || 0.37 || 0.34 || 0.31 || 0.29 || 0.28
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 1,050 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.38 || 0.37 || 0.34 || 0.31 || 0.29 || 0.28
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


An obvious flaw of the Ho 229 is the large surface area created by the flying wing design. This means that is it easier for enemies to land a shot on the plane. It can be countered by turning the side of your plane towards the enemy, henceforth decreasing the surface area that can be shot.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Given the Horten's weight, the acceleration is an issue on the stock plane. Go for ammunition, engine and compressor upgrades first.

After that, any upgrade is equally good. Weapon upgrades can wait, as the Mk 103 is the best gun in-game, with high accuracy and long bursts stock. The belts also shouldn't be a priority unless using the Ho 229 as an attacker. In that case, the "Armoured targets" belt is very useful against tanks & light pillboxes.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MK 103 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 30 mm MK 103 cannons, wing-mounted (170 rpg = 340 total)

====Ammunition====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|I|Incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}; okay against planes.
* '''Armoured targets:''' {{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|I|Incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}; the armoured target belt is different for the Ho 229 V3, compared to all other Mk 103 armed aircraft, and is only a 1/2 as effective, due to the belt being filled with incendiary shells.
* '''Air targets:''' {{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|I|Incendiary}}; each Minengeschoß (mine-shell) has the same HE power as a 37 mm round, wonderful against anything that flies and light ground targets.
* '''Stealth:''' {{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}; difficult to use; cannot destroy most tanks nor pillboxes, lacks the destructive force of HE shells against planes.

== Usage in battles ==

[[File:FighterImage_Ho-229Vunknown.jpg|thumbnail|Horten 229 Version 3 with its wings attached by the USAF in 1950.]]
The Horten 229 flying wing is a dogfighter, heavy-fighter, or even an attacker.

Its single wing design allows for amazing manoeuvrability despite its weight of up to 8 tonnes, when equipped with full fuel load. This is, however, the Horten's literal downfall; the weight. Its acceleration is awful, even for jets. But the energy retention is great and climb acceptable. With that in mind rule number one of jet battle comes into play: do not turnfight! The 229 will tempt anyone though. The low wing loading for a jet and even some piston planes allows for tight turning circles. Being heavy also allows to keep that velocity well in the initial turns, but with the inability to regain that speed afterwards... leads to a flaming wreck thanks to an opportunistic enemy. The classic dogfight is thus only for emergency situations!

As a fighter, stick with Boom & Zoom, in which the Ho 229's heavy weight is of assistance in zoom climbs. However, it will also dampen the Horten's starting acceleration in a dive, making out diving an enemy difficult. The bad roll rate makes it hard to get some shots on target, But watch out! Don't pull too hard on the elevator to get that shot, or the Horten will lose much speed (which cannot be regained quickly) or rarely, lose a wing.

The heavy fighter role equals the fighter one in every aspect, just that the targets are usually bombers. Stay fast, and try to get shots off in head-ons, or in slight diving turns from the bomber's six (tail), to make it difficult for the defensive gunners to hit the Ho 229.

The attacker role is a dangerous one. The Ho 229 will have to fly slow, in order to have time to properly aim, hit & evade trees. While all of these aren't difficult in the Horten 229 V3, it leaves the plane in a dangerous spot: low and without speed. Both are vital though for the sluggish plane. In this role, be sure to have good escort fighters, as enemies can come at any time in jet combat.

Once the Horten is fully upgraded, or at least the performance parts are, one detail to notice is that the wings won't rip so easily like before, but the Ho 229 still has to turn cautiously, because it is still a wooden plane after all.

Perhaps the most dangerous enemy of the Horten 229 is the F-84 Thunderjet. Since the Thunderjet gets an air spawn it already has all the energy it needs to get around the map quickly. There are occasions when players spawn in late, only to be strafed by an F-84 Thunderjet on the runway. The Ho-229 is decent at accelerating once up to about 550 km/h, past that point, the Ho 229 becomes a V2 rocket in terms of acceleration until about ~750-800 km/h, then there will be a hard time accelerating again.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent armament, MK 103 is one of the best guns in the game
* Great ammunition supply with 170 rounds per gun
* Low wing loading, incredibly good at turning when flown at medium speeds (400-600 km/h)
* Good energy retention if not manoeuvred too harshly
* Outruns piston-engine aircraft and all Allied jets, except for the F-84 Thunderjet when up-tiered
* Low stall speed of 165 km/h
* Fast when diving if flown at medium to high speeds before committing to a dive
* The air brake can bleed airspeed efficiently

'''Cons:'''

* Acceleration is slow- even its initial acceleration in a dive
* Only 2/4 of its armoured target belt is comprised of HVAP-T shells, unlike other MK 103 equipped aircraft, which have only HVAP-T shells
* Is easy to hit when turning, above, or below because of the size
* Easy to destroy wings in hard turns at high speed
* Terrible yaw rotation
* Poor roll rate - Significantly hinders the ability to counter defensive scissors
* Slow rate of fire results in occasional misses when sweeping quickly behind enemies if aiming at wings, which have a thin profile
* Have to land slow, cause of the lack of brakes
* Loses speed quickly in elevator turns
* Gets matched against enemy jets that have superior performance
* The cannons have a large dispersion cone.
* No armor.

== History ==

In the 1930s, the Horten Brothers were really interested by the concept of "flying wing" for the potential of drag reduction.

In 1943, Marshal Hermann Göring requested a plane that could carry a 1,000 kg bomb load to a range of 1,000 km at a speed of 1,000 km/h. Because jet engines of the time had poor efficiency, the Horten Brothers thought putting them in a flying wing, which had reduced drag, was the solution.

The Horten Brothers proposed their project for a bomber, Ho IX, but the Reichsluftfahrtministerium (RLM) thought the plane would be better as a jet fighter than a long range bomber and requested that two MK 103 cannons were mounted. The result was the prototype Ho 229.

Only one example of a Ho 229 V3 was in final phase of assembly at the end of the war, and sent on to the United States by the allies.

The Ho 229 had three prototypes before the facility was overrun.
[[File:FighterImage_Draeger suit from the side.jpeg|thumb|right|Pilot with Draeger suit in Ho 229]]

# '''V1''' was a glider to test the design.
# '''V2''' was a down-scaled prototype fitted with the Jumo 004B.
# '''V3''' was a testbed for serial production, it was however not completely finished when the US Army arrived.

Originally the V3 was intended to have the Jumo 004C jet engines, these weren't ready though and the Me 262 A's 004B was installed. 
The final production version would have had the ability to load bombs, switch the main armament to four [[MK 108 (30 mm)|MK 108]] and the pilots were to be equipped with the Draeger pressure suit ([[G-Suit]]).

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=go229_v3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|INb9VjLxKf0|'''Most unusual aircraft''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 5:54 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|hNfRQMZUMQg|'''The Shooting Range #195''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:05 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|80rCNzTtk9w|'''{{PAGENAME}} Gameplay''' - ''PhlyDaily''|1iGO6MPhC_A|'''{{PAGENAME}} - Gameplay and Tips''' - ''WhooptieDo''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/189462-horten-ho-229-v3/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Gothaer}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

Pz.Sfl.Ic

2023-07-26T17:32:21Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_pzkpfw_II_ausf_H
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} German light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced as a [[wt:en/news/901--en|premium pack]] in [[Update 1.43]] as the ''Pz.Kpfw. II Ausf. H'' (shortened to ''Pz.II H''). In [[Update_1.89_"Imperial_Navy"#Ground_vehicles_2|Update 1.89]], the vehicle was renamed to the current designation. It was purchasable from the store until the [[wt:en/news/7154-shop-may-sale-in-the-gaijin-store-en|2021 May sale]] after which it was removed from sale. It has since been made available for purchase in-game with Golden Eagles {{GE}} temporarily for the [[wt:en/news/7358-special-german-unity-day-en|2021]] and [[wt:en/news/7894-special-german-unity-day-en|2022]] "German Unity Day" mini-events.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

Having 30 mm of frontal armour, this tank isn't made for the frontline. The three crew members mean that single-shot destruction is a common possibility. Worse still, this tank has no roof protection with the cloth covering being only cosmetic. Unfortunately, this also means that you are very vulnerable to aircraft attacks too. Your demure silhouette will let you easily hide in the small nooks and crannies of maps and lets you cover your entire tank with bushes for extra concealment.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 30 mm (13°) ''Upper plate'' 10 mm (74°) ''Upper glacis'' 30 mm (18°) ''Lower plate'' 5 mm (68°) ''Lower glacis'' || 20 mm || 20 mm (4-16°) || 10 mm
|-
| Turret || 30 mm (17°) ''Turret front'' 20 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 20 mm (12°)
!
!
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and torsion bars are 10 mm thick while tracks are 15 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 5 mm thick.
* A 5 mm thick plate separates the crew compartment from the engine compartment.
* Mudguards are 4 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=310|rbMinHp=177}}

The {{PAGENAME}} has a power-to-weight ratio of nearly 20 hp/ton which translates to a very mobile and nimble tank. The top speed of 56 km/h (RB) is good but still pales in comparison next to the 90 km/h of the Puma armoured cars. However, its tracks handle much better at high speeds than the Puma's wheels, and it is able to make far tighter turns and faster stops. The maximum reverse speed is -10 km/h, which for a tank is decent and will let you easily get out of perilous situations where other tanks of the same rank struggle when retreating.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|PaK38 (50 mm)}}

The 50 mm PaK38 is probably the best gun you can find at this battle rating. The shells have decent penetration, good post pen damage and an incredible APCR round makes this tank able to punch way above its weight. Don't be afraid to take this tank into higher rank battles. Beware, though, it will struggle against the upper front plate of T-34s and Shermans, so remember their frontal weak spots. Not that you should be engaging those tanks frontally anyway. Always bring high explosive rounds, as the lack of any secondary armament makes lighter vehicles harder to fight effectively.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[PaK38 (50 mm)|50 mm PaK38]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 40 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+18° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 13.3 || 18.4 || 22.4 || 24.8 || 26.4 || rowspan="2" | 7.67 || rowspan="2" | 6.79 || rowspan="2" | 6.25 || rowspan="2" | 5.90
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.3 || 9.8 || 11.9 || 13.2 || 14.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:PaK38 (50 mm)/Ammunition|PzGr 39, PzGr 40/1, PzGr 40, Sprgr. 38}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''40''' || 27 ''(+13)'' || 14 ''(+26)'' || 1 ''(+39)'' || Yes
|-
|}
Notes:

* Racks disappear after all shells in the rack have been shot or loaded.
* The visual discrepancy concerns the number of shells per rack:
** For rack 1, 20 shells are modeled for 14 available.
** For racks 2 & 3, 11 shells are modeled for 13 available.

== Usage in battles ==

In battles, it performs well as a scout vehicle with its high mobility in all game modes. It can also function well as a tank destroyer with its high penetration power. It has very little gun depression, which means you won't be able to reliably shoot over hills. It also lacks a machine gun to combat planes and open-topped vehicles, which can be a burden.

It's advised that you keep on the move while using the Pz.Sfl.Ic as any aircraft with guns can take out your turret crew which will knock your vehicle out. Most SPAAs at your BR will also be able to penetrate your hull even frontally, so try to stay out of sight. You are generally safe from .50 cal HMGs although from the rear and non-angled sides they can still penetrate.

In the Pz.Sfl.Ic, you should avoid well-protected tanks like the [[KV-1 (L-11)]], the [[T-34 (1940)]] or the [[M4A3 (105)]] as their armour will make it difficult for your 50 mm cannon to penetrate in an uptier. Your cannon still can go through any of their weak spots. Generally, you should stay on the move and make sure you're not spotted, try to stay off the frontline, but don't be afraid to use your gun if you have to since it's very potent at its BR except against the most armoured targets.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Has a gun that will reliably penetrate pretty much any of its expected enemies
* Is very, very fast (Max speed off-road of around 56 km/h)
* Has a decent reload speed
* Has the scouting ability, which can earn you some extra silver lions and valuable intel for your team
* Because of lack of armour, some shells will pass right through you
* Can change positions very quickly if needed
* Can get to the cap points and good positions early in the match

'''Cons:'''

* Weak armour - trade-off of speed for less weight
* Open-top, planes can destroy the vehicle with machine guns when strafing very easily
* Has very bad depression angles
* Can get slowed down in difficult terrain

== History ==


{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}|expand=true}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
In July, 1940 Armament Command ordered two light tank prototypes with enhanced weaponry from the company MAN. Rheinmetall-Borsig built the cannons and the bulkheads comprising the body.

In January, 1942 four tanks were produced and immediately sent to the Eastern Front as part of the 1st and 3rd squads of the 559 Antitank Battalion.

An open-top rotating hexagonal turret with no rear wall was installed. Its primary weapon was a 50mm KwK 39.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_pzkpfw_II_ausf_H Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|h8ItFYwulAs|'''The Shooting Range #15''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:43 discusses the Pz.Sfl.Ic.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Germany light tanks}}
{{Germany premium ground vehicles}}

Ho 229 V3

2023-07-26T17:22:05Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=go229_v3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.43]].

The Ho 229 V3 is the first jet in the "Zerstörer" tech tree of the Luftwaffe and currently comes before the [[G.91 R/3]]. Ironically, it goes against much of the doctrine set by the previous planes, favouring speed and manoeuvrability over armament and durability.

Something that will immediately stand out with the Ho 229 V3 is how incredibly manoeuvrable it is compared to most other jet fighters. The Ho 229 V3 can almost quite literally turn on a dime and can even in some circumstances out-turn late super props such as the [[P-51H-5-NA|P-51H]] if manoeuvred correctly. However, if its manoeuvrability is used to its full extent, it also causes the plane to bleed speed at a crippling rate, making a sustained turn fight impossible to win. As such, it is advised to use the Ho 229 V3 as a Boom & Zoom fighter in order to maintain airspeed and altitude. Remember that jet engines' efficiency is directly proportional to the IAS, due to the increased air intake, meaning the Ho 229 V3 will be accelerating very slowly between 0-500 km/h, but beyond will be able to outrun any propeller-driven aircraft.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 8,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 871 || 847 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 24.8 || 25.4 || 17.0 || 16.1 || rowspan="2" | 850
|-
! Upgraded
| 950 || 910 || 23.4 || 24.0 || 25.5 || 21.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 980  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 558 || 529 || 380 || ~10 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 570 || < 600 || < 420 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Junkers Jumo 004D || 2
| colspan="3" | 4,800 kg || colspan="3" | 188 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 17m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 57m fuel
|-
| 750 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 5,541 kg || 5,667 kg || 6,088 kg || 6,720 kg || 7,255 kg || 7,500 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 17m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 57m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 1,050 kgf || N/A
| 0.38 || 0.37 || 0.34 || 0.31 || 0.29 || 0.28
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 1,050 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.38 || 0.37 || 0.34 || 0.31 || 0.29 || 0.28
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


An obvious flaw of the Ho 229 is the large surface area created by the flying wing design. This means that is it easier for enemies to land a shot on the plane. It can be countered by turning the side of your plane towards the enemy, henceforth decreasing the surface area that can be shot.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Given the Horten's weight, the acceleration is an issue on the stock plane. Go for ammunition, engine and compressor upgrades first.

After that, any upgrade is equally good. Weapon upgrades can wait, as the Mk 103 is the best gun in-game, with high accuracy and long bursts stock. The belts also shouldn't be a priority unless using the Ho 229 as an attacker. In that case, the "Armoured targets" belt is very useful against tanks & light pillboxes.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MK 103 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 30 mm MK 103 cannons, wing-mounted (170 rpg = 340 total)

====Ammunition====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|I|Incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}; okay against planes.
* '''Armoured targets:''' {{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|I|Incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}; the armoured target belt is different for the Ho 229 V3, compared to all other Mk 103 armed aircraft, and is only a 1/2 as effective, due to the belt being filled with incendiary shells.
* '''Air targets:''' {{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|I|Incendiary}}; each Minengeschoß (mine-shell) has the same HE power as a 37 mm round, wonderful against anything that flies and light ground targets.
* '''Stealth:''' {{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}; difficult to use; cannot destroy most tanks nor pillboxes, lacks the destructive force of HE shells against planes.

== Usage in battles ==

[[File:FighterImage_Ho-229Vunknown.jpg|thumbnail|Horten 229 Version 3 with its wings attached by the USAF in 1950.]]
The Horten 229 flying wing is a dogfighter, heavy-fighter, or even an attacker.

Its single wing design allows for amazing manoeuvrability despite its weight of up to 8 tonnes, when equipped with full fuel load. This is, however, the Horten's literal downfall; the weight. Its acceleration is awful, even for jets. But the energy retention is great and climb acceptable. With that in mind rule number one of jet battle comes into play: do not turnfight! The 229 will tempt anyone though. The low wing loading for a jet and even some piston planes allows for tight turning circles. Being heavy also allows to keep that velocity well in the initial turns, but with the inability to regain that speed afterwards... leads to a flaming wreck thanks to an opportunistic enemy. The classic dogfight is thus only for emergency situations!

As a fighter, stick with Boom & Zoom, in which the Ho 229's heavy weight is of assistance in zoom climbs. However, it will also dampen the Horten's starting acceleration in a dive, making out diving an enemy difficult. The bad roll rate makes it hard to get some shots on target, But watch out! Don't pull too hard on the elevator to get that shot, or the Horten will lose much speed (which cannot be regained quickly) or rarely, lose a wing.

The heavy fighter role equals the fighter one in every aspect, just that the targets are usually bombers. Stay fast, and try to get shots off in head-ons, or in slight diving turns from the bomber's six (tail), to make it difficult for the defensive gunners to hit the Ho 229.

The attacker role is a dangerous one. The Ho 229 will have to fly slow, in order to have time to properly aim, hit & evade trees. While all of these aren't difficult in the Horten 229 V3, it leaves the plane in a dangerous spot: low and without speed. Both are vital though for the sluggish plane. In this role, be sure to have good escort fighters, as enemies can come at any time in jet combat.

Once the Horten is fully upgraded, or at least the performance parts are, one detail to notice is that the wings won't rip so easily like before, but the Ho 229 still has to turn cautiously, because it is still a wooden plane after all.

Perhaps the most dangerous enemy of the Horten 229 is the F-84 Thunderjet. Since the Thunderjet gets an air spawn it already has all the energy it needs to get around the map quickly. There are occasions when players spawn in late, only to be strafed by an F-84 Thunderjet on the runway. The Ho-229 is decent at accelerating once up to about 550 km/h, past that point, the Ho 229 becomes a V2 rocket in terms of acceleration until about ~750-800 km/h, then there will be a hard time accelerating again.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent armament, MK 103 is one of the best guns in the game
* Great ammunition supply with 170 rounds per gun
* Low wing loading, incredibly good at turning when flown at medium speeds (400-600 km/h)
* Good energy retention if not maneuvered too harshly
* Outruns piston-engine aircraft and all Allied jets, except for the F-84 Thunderjet when up-tiered
* Low stall speed of 165 km/h
* Fast when diving if flown at medium to high speeds before committing to a dive
* The air brake can bleed airspeed efficiently

'''Cons:'''

* Acceleration is slow- even its initial acceleration in a dive
* Only 2/4 of its armoured target belt is comprised of HVAP-T shells, unlike other MK 103 equipped aircraft, which have only HVAP-T shells
* Is easy to hit when turning, above, or below because of the size
* Easy to destroy wings in hard turns at high speed
* Terrible yaw rotation
* Poor roll rate - Significantly hinders the ability to counter defensive scissors
* Slow rate of fire results in occasional misses when sweeping quickly behind enemies if aiming at wings, which have a thin profile
* Have to land slow, cause of the lack of brakes
* Loses speed quickly in elevator turns
* Gets matched against enemy jets that have superior performance
* The cannons have a large dispersion cone.

== History ==

In the 1930s, the Horten Brothers were really interested by the concept of "flying wing" for the potential of drag reduction.

In 1943, Marshal Hermann Göring requested a plane that could carry a 1,000 kg bomb load to a range of 1,000 km at a speed of 1,000 km/h. Because jet engines of the time had poor efficiency, the Horten Brothers thought putting them in a flying wing, which had reduced drag, was the solution.

The Horten Brothers proposed their project for a bomber, Ho IX, but the Reichsluftfahrtministerium (RLM) thought the plane would be better as a jet fighter than a long range bomber and requested that two MK 103 cannons were mounted. The result was the prototype Ho 229.

Only one example of a Ho 229 V3 was in final phase of assembly at the end of the war, and sent on to the United States by the allies.

The Ho 229 had three prototypes before the facility was overrun.
[[File:FighterImage_Draeger suit from the side.jpeg|thumb|right|Pilot with Draeger suit in Ho 229]]

# '''V1''' was a glider to test the design.
# '''V2''' was a down-scaled prototype fitted with the Jumo 004B.
# '''V3''' was a testbed for serial production, it was however not completely finished when the US Army arrived.

Originally the V3 was intended to have the Jumo 004C jet engines, these weren't ready though and the Me 262 A's 004B was installed. 
The final production version would have had the ability to load bombs, switch the main armament to four [[MK 108 (30 mm)|MK 108]] and the pilots were to be equipped with the Draeger pressure suit ([[G-Suit]]).

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=go229_v3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|INb9VjLxKf0|'''Most unusual aircraft''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 5:54 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|hNfRQMZUMQg|'''The Shooting Range #195''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:05 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|80rCNzTtk9w|'''{{PAGENAME}} Gameplay''' - ''PhlyDaily''|1iGO6MPhC_A|'''{{PAGENAME}} - Gameplay and Tips''' - ''WhooptieDo''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/189462-horten-ho-229-v3/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Gothaer}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

Ar 234 B-2

2023-07-24T01:35:01Z

U15684061: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = German jet bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = Ar 234 C-3
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=arado-234
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German jet bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

The Arado Ar 234 was the world's first ever jet bomber and the second jet-powered aircraft to go into service with the Luftwaffe. The Arado showed great potential but was produced too late in the war and in too little number to have any major effect on the outcome of WWII. Despite its great speed and high-altitude performance, the Ar 234 was not invulnerable and some fell prey to the guns of slower Allied fighters. One major problem for the Ar 234 was its poor backwards visibility, as well as its lack of manoeuvrability at low speeds. The Ar 234 B-2 had a maximum bomb load of 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Usually it carried it as three 500 kg (1,100 lb) SC500K bombs, one under the fuselage and each of the engine nacelles. Alternatively, it could also carry a single 1000 kg (2,205 lb) SC1000 or SD 1,000 'Hermann' in place of the smaller bombs. Inside the cockpit, the standard equipment included a Patin PDS autopilot and a complicated Lofte 7k tachymetric bombsight. Other modifications of this bombsight can also be found on the Junkers Ju 88 (Lofte 7, 7C, 7D and 7H), Heinkel He 111 H-5 (Lofte 7A) and He 177 (Lofte 7B and 7C), Focke-Wulf Fw 200 (Lofte 7D and 7H) and the Messerschmitt Me 262 A-2a/U2 (7H, 7K and 7K-2). Both pieces of equipment could be used simultaneously.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The plane is extremely easy to fly, both in Realistic and Simulator battles. With payload attached, the speed must be monitored carefully, especially if you are taking off from a short runway. Dive bombing and low altitude bombing is not only possible, but also quite easy thanks to very good elevator control and rudder authority even at considerable speed. Landing is somewhat rather easy compared to other planes of same size and class thanks to very robust landing gear structure and good flaps characteristic.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 710 || 687 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.4 || 30.0 || 24.6 || 23.7 || rowspan="2" | 700
|-
! Upgraded
| 777 || 742 || 28.0 || 28.5 || 32.9 || 28.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 527 || 498 || 350 || ~8 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 500 || < 550 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Junkers Jumo 004B-1 || 2
| colspan="3" | 3,850 kg || colspan="3" | 256 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 24m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 60m fuel || 82m fuel
|-
| 745 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 4,750 kg || 4,944 kg || 5,490 kg || 6,037 kg || 6,850 kg || 9,350 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 24m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 60m fuel || 82m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 910 kgf || N/A
| 0.38 || 0.37 || 0.33 || 0.30 || 0.27 || 0.19
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 910 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.38 || 0.37 || 0.33 || 0.30 || 0.27 || 0.19
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 15 mm steel - pilot's headrest

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)|SC1000L2 (1,000 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 3 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (750 kg total)
* 3 x 500 kg SC500K bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 1 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bomb (1,000 kg total)
* 1 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bomb + 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (1,500 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==

'''Arcade''':

Due to the limited payload of only 3 x 500 kg bombs, this plane is most effective as a fast tactical bomber. It is very effective against any ground unit in-game, reliably taking out heavy tanks, pillboxes and destroyers. This can be done with a fast in-and-out approach, diving to do high speed, low-alt run over the ground targets then running to safety and then climbing while bombs reload to be able to repeat. If an enemy fighter does manage to catch up to engage the Arado, then you must resort to using the 234's excellent manoeuvrability to evade enemy fire until you can reach safety or help arrives. For ground attack, the 3 x 500 kg payload is the best option, as each is capable of destroying any individual ground target.

Some would advocate side-climbing and then high-alt base bombing. This may help ensure survivability, but in Arcade mode, the total bombload is too small to be very effective. While destroying the mini-bases may be useful, attacks on the airfield would be insignificant. In base-bombing roles, you may find that the upgraded bombload is worthwhile, as it has slightly less drag and slightly higher total TNT content within its bombs.

'''Realistic''':

Fast tactical bomber. Go in, destroy the target, either two tanks/pillboxes, or one strategic bomb-zone target. At this point the pilot has several options:

# Run back to base to rearm. Inform your allies about any foes you might have seen. On the second run, the Arado can either continue hitting ground targets/bases or loiter near the enemy airfield to bomb landed planes...though with many pilots being able to rearm in 15 seconds (even in RB) this can be difficult to achieve. Be sure not to be spotted!
# Mimic history and be a reconnaissance (and bait) plane. The Arado's top speed in combination with its manoeuvrability allows for great dodging ability. Used against the enemy team, they might chase the Arado and lose precious energy, making them easy targets for your allies. In addition, their location is revealed and shown to the team, too.
# Be "honourable" and utilize the only offensive weapon the Arado has: Itself. While ramming is a viable form of fighting for Arado pilots, other players ("targets") may be rather annoyed by it (the community term "''Ruse Cruise Missile''" originates from this).

Regular medium bomber tactics apply. Stay stealthy, stay fast and watch out during the landing approach.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fast and very manoeuvrable
* With energy can pull off snappy evasive manoeuvres to throw off enemies
* Good energy retention + good dive speed = easy escape after the bombing
* Overheating is not an issue at all, even when stock
* Even the stock payload is enough to be effective
* Gets air spawned in realistic battles
* Can outrun most propeller aircraft ''after the payload has been dropped''
* Small target
* Very efficient in taking out individual targets in ground strike maps (AB), with maxed reload time can drop a salvo roughly every 40 seconds
* Durable flaps, combat flaps get warning at 530 km/h and landing flaps are still usable slightly before combat flaps' limits, which makes fast landing easier

'''Cons:'''

* No offensive or defensive armament
* Some piston engine planes can catch the Arado during a dive
* Tail is easily damaged
* Difficult to recover from dives at speeds higher than 780 km/h
* Poor high-altitude acceleration
* Can only carry three bombs and release them in two separate loads
* No armour
* The pilot is easily knocked out due to the absence of armour on the front of the plane
* Can be difficult to take-off with heavier payloads
* High repair cost

== History ==

In late 1940, an order for a turbojet-powered reconnaissance aircraft was issued by the Reichsluftfahrtministerium (the German Air Ministry). The winning design was the Arado Ar 234, a high-wing, incredibly fast jet bomber/reconnaissance aircraft with twin Jumo 004 engines. Since Germany's resources were running low the prototype was only able to fly in 1943 and was only able to fly combat missions after D-Day. Even after these setbacks, it was still the world's first operational jet bomber and reconnaissance aircraft.

The prototype used a wooden tricycle trolley for take-offs and a singular skid for landing. Also, since the plane was so fast the only times it would be vulnerable was during takeoff and landing. The design soon moved to conventional landing gear after to trolleys were quite risky and during landings when the plane would tilt over at low speed. Also to accommodate the tricycle landing gear the fuselage was made wider. Plus, an autopilot system was installed so that as the pilot was on his bombing run he could concentrate on his bombing targets. One of the other problems that were worked around was adding Walther 109-500 RATO motors (Rocket-Assisted Take Off) were used to shorten the aircraft's lengthy take-off run.

The pilot controlled the plane from the forward nose compartment which had an incredible amount of visibility, though the position made the 6 o'clock position behind the pilot extremely vulnerable. So a periscope was installed to counter this disability. The periscope would have doubled up as a sight for the guns on the tail that were meant to be installed but never were. Also, it could serve as a dive-bombing sight. The control yoke was moved aside inside the cockpit so that it could be moved out of the way when on the bombing run. When this was moved out of the way the pilot looked into a bombsight located in between his knees. Like many German aircraft, the main controls and gauges were colour-coded for easy recognition by the ground crews.

The main unit to use this aircraft in combat was KG76 who were based in Norway, though other units also used this aircraft. This aircraft had limited usefulness as fuel and engine production was what would send it out of combat at the end of the war.<ref>Connor, R and Moore, C., ''In the cockpit II'', New York : HarperCollins Publishers, 2010</ref>

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
The Arado Ar 234 Blitz (Lightning) was the world's first operational jet bomber, built by Arado in Germany during WWII. It was used by the Luftwaffe for reconnaissance from November 1944 and as a fast bomber against Allied targets from December of that year. Despite the fact that late in the war the plane was used only sporadically due to a fuel shortage, it remained a very difficult target to intercept because of its high speed.

As a bomber, the Ar-234B-2 could carry a payload of up to 2,000 kg and could also be used for reconnaissance.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=arado-234 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="150">
Image:Arado-Ar234B2-Skin.png|"March 1945, special camouflage"
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|k-HKFXvopL8|'''Arado Blitz''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/262863-arado-ar-234-b-2/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

=== References ===
<references />

{{AirManufacturer Arado}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}