War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

Yenot

2024-11-17T06:00:13Z

U153435799:

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_skr_pr50_jenot
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet frigate {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Raining Fire"]].

It is a member of the '''Project 50 class''' "Gornostay"(Stoat) also known by NATO countries as the Riga class.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.''

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.''

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|100 mm/56 B-34 (100 mm)}}

The Yenot gets access to three 100 mm B-34 naval cannons which are quite effective against enemy vessels. The weapons fire 15 rounds per minute, which is relatively good for a weapon of its size, but suffers from a slow traverse rate similar to other Soviet naval cannons. The Yenot gets access to three shells: a standard HE shell, a HE-TF time fuse shell or a HE-VT proximity-fused shell. Of these, the HE shell is ideal against naval targets while the HE-VT is the most effective against aerial targets.

{{:100 mm/56 B-34 (100 mm)/Ammunition|100 mm F-56 HE, 100 mm ZS-56 HE, 100 mm ZS-56R HE-VT}}

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|V-11 (37 mm)}}

The Yenot carries two dual 37 mm 70-K mounts for anti-aircraft defence. The 70-K is the standard Soviet anti-aircraft gun and serves as a reliable counterpart to the 40 mm Bofors gun used by the allied nations. This gun is extremely similar to the Bofors as it features a similar design, and fires continuously rather than needing to reload. The guns will eventually jam, but the time it takes to jam the weapons is very long so jamming is not a great issue. The weapon gets access to three belts - default, AP and HE. The HE belt is usually the best belt as it is the most effective against enemy aircraft.

* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|HEF-T|High-explosive fragmentation tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-T|High-explosive fragmentation tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-T|High-explosive fragmentation tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}
* '''37 mm HE clips:''' {{Annotation|HEF-T|High-explosive fragmentation tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-T|High-explosive fragmentation tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-T|High-explosive fragmentation tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-T|High-explosive fragmentation tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}
* '''37 mm AP clips:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-T|High-explosive fragmentation tracer}}

{{:V-11 (37 mm)/Ammunition|HEF-T, AP-T}}

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|53-38 (533 mm)|MBU-600 mortar|BB-1 depth charge}}

The Yenot gets access to two 533 mm 53-38 torpedoes. The 53-38 torpedo is also found on most Soviet WWII-era destroyers, and is relatively mediocre as far as torpedoes go. In terms of damage-dealing capabilities, the torpedo is decidedly mediocre, having more explosive filler (300 kg of TNT) than the American torpedoes but less than the British and Japanese ones. However, the main drawback of the torpedo is its range - without the "torpedo mode" modification, the 53-38s are restricted to a range of just 4 kilometres, meaning that they are tied for the shortest-range large-ship mounted torpedoes along with the Italian destroyer torpedoes. The torpedo mode modification is necessary for hitting longer-ranged targets, but reduces the torpedo's speed to just 56 km/h. In general, these torpedoes are a potent weapon against enemy bluewater ships if you can get close enough to fire them. On the Yenot, these may be used as a close-in backup weapon against ships that outgun you.

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_skr_pr50_jenot Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Pr.50 (Family)]]

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{ShipManufacturer Yantar Baltic Shipyard}}
{{USSR frigates}}

GAZ-AAA (4M)

2024-10-28T10:18:32Z

U153435799: more pros and cons

{{About
| about = Soviet SPAA '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the version equipped with a 12.7 mm DShK
| link = GAZ-AAA (DShK)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_gaz_4m
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''GAZ-AAA (4M)''' is the first variant of the GAZ-AAA-based self-propelled anti-aircraft gun family. It is a Soviet anti-aircraft truck developed in 1938, based on the GAZ-AAA truck platform and armed with a quad 7.62 mm Maxim light machine gun. The 7.62 mm Maxim light machine guns originate from a World War I Russian Imperial stockpile, of which thousands were available after the war ended. With the unexpected German invasion of the Soviet Union, the Soviets lacked dedicated anti-aircraft guns. As a result, during the early stages of World War II, many improvised and makeshift anti-aircraft guns are designed. Given its high fire rate, the quad 7.62 mm Maxim light machine gun was extremely effective against low-flying targets. Unfortunately, due to a lack of historical articles and resources, little is known about this improvised anti-aircraft gun. The GAZ-AAA (4M) was delivered in the late summer and winter of 1941, before being replaced by a more powerful variant, the GAZ-AAA (DShK). A total of 37,373 units were produced.

Introduced in [[Update 1.49 "Weapons of Victory"]], the GAZ-AAA (4M) is a very light vehicle that provides adequate deterrence against early aircraft like biplanes. It is not recommended to charge into the battle and engage any enemy vehicles since the weaponry does not have the penetration to damage anything. With a large ammunition pool available, players can fire confidently without fear of running out of bullets.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

This vehicle has extremely poor survivability. The gunner is completely exposed, and the rest of the 3-man crew is protected only by 1 mm of steel. Any machine gun can destroy the vehicle with ease, as can nearby artillery, rocket, or bomb strikes.

However, the vehicle's extremely thin armour does mean that it is possible for APHE rounds to overpenetrate, and pass through the vehicle without detonating and causing catastrophic damage.

'''Armour type:'''

* Structural steel
* Wood (Truck bed)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Driver's cabin || 1 mm (1°) || 1 mm (1-2°) || 1 mm || 1 mm
|-
| Cargo bed || 15 mm (1°) || 15 mm (1°) || 15 mm || 15 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Road wheels are 2 mm thick while the chassis was 5 mm thick.
* The truck bed is 15 mm of wood, which will probably not offer as much protection as the truck cab
* The radiator housing is unarmoured.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=71|rbMinHp=44}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Maxim's (7.62 mm)}}

The main armament of the GAZ-AAA (4M) is 4 x 7.62 mm machine guns. For anti-air duty, these little guns do the job pretty well against biplanes and early monoplanes. The fire density given by the quad 7.62 mm MGs is good enough to damage a plane's critical components such as engine, cooling system, and fuel tank. They also have a huge amount of ammunition each gun, so one does not have to worry about constant reloads. Lastly, the guns have a depression of -10 degrees, something pretty rare for Soviet vehicles. The low projectile mass, however, will result in it not being able to hurt planes at a distance, and any armour plates inside the plane is likely to stop the bullet.

However, the biggest drawback of the armaments is the poor penetration of 10 mm at most, meaning that the GAZ-AAA (4M) simply cannot engage tanks when needed. It can only damage lightly armoured vehicles such as [[Flakpanzer I]], [[AS 42]], and [[P.7.T AA]]. The disadvantaged anti-tank capacity therefore greatly reduces this SPAA's effectiveness at anti tank missions, making itself very vulnerable when being hunted by tanks.

The recommended belts are APIT or API. APIT is great for new players to learn the trajectory of a weapon as this belt composes entirely of tracer bullets. Familiarising with the trajectory is crucial especially for the GAZ-AAA (4M) since it needs lots of bullets to down an aircraft, so tracers will help one to get used to the lead. When one is used to the trajectory, API might be a good choice as it has a bit less tracer, which helps to conceal the SPAA's position a bit. It also has an extra 1 mm of penetration which might become handy against certain vehicles like M13 MGMC, whose armour is right around 10 mm.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Maxim's (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Maxim's]] (x4) || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 8,000 (500) || rowspan="2" | 600 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+50° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 52.8 || 73.1 || 88.8 || 98.2 || 104.5 || rowspan="2" | 7.80 || rowspan="2" | 6.90 || rowspan="2" | 6.36 || rowspan="2" | 6.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 35.7 || 42.0 || 51.0 || 56.4 || 60.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|AI|Adjustment incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|T|Tracer}}
* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|T|Tracer}}
* '''API:''' {{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}
* '''APIT:''' {{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}

{{:Maxim's (7.62 mm)/Ammunition|AP-I, T, AI, API-T}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''16''' || 8 ''(+8)'' || 4 ''(+12)'' || 0 ''(+16)'' || No
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The 4M GAZ-AAA is highly vulnerable to any vehicle, from tanks to planes. An encounter will most likely end with the GAZ-AAA destroyed. Prioritize enemy aircraft, as you are significantly vulnerable to strafing and bombing due to the lack of armour.

Stay back from the front lines yet don't be too far away from it, because most planes might go strafing the capture points, and if you are far away the low kinetic energy of your bullets will result in even weaker damage. So stay between a capture point and a friendly spawn point. You can find a hard cover and position yourself sideways, with the driver's cabin behind cover and the gunner exposed. This way the two crews at the front can be effectively protected.

When enemy planes spawn, shoot short bursts into their general direction to get their attention. Most planes will go head on with an SPAA, knowing that early SPAAs all have weak firepower and protection. If a plane dives on you, fire off a burst (remember to aim higher, as the bullet drop at head-on distance is more than you think) towards the plane and before it returns fire, quickly withdraw back to cover, as you cannot sustain much damage. As the plane flies by and climbs for another run, start firing long bursts at it. The 4 x 7.62 mm MGs have plenty of ammo per magazine and they do not overheat, so prolonged bursts will be your main method of damaging planes. Generally, shoot when they fly right past you, and avoid head-ons, as your firepower is not potent enough to destroy a plane in a second.

If a tank comes up to you, don't try to fight it as the tanks are built to be resistant to the rifle calibre rounds the Maxim fires. Withdraw to safety if encountering any thing more than a lightly armoured ground vehicle.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

* [[Ju 87 (Family)|Ju 87]]: the Stuka has a durable airframe against the 4 x 7.62 mm MGs, so you need to put enough bullets into it to effectively damage it. The main threat comes from its bombs, an early Stuka can carry either 4 x 50 kg + 1 x 250 kg, or a huge 500 kg bomb, both of which are more than enough to destroy the GAZ-AAA with shrapnel. If you see a Stuka diving at you, move sideways to avoid the bombs.

* [[Pz.II]], [[M3 Stuart (Family)|M3 Stuart]], etc: these tanks, although designated as "light" tanks, are literally heavy tanks for the GAZ-AAA's weak guns, therefore impossible to get destroyed. They also have superior mobility and firepower, so if you see them it is best to leave them to your teammates. If it is safe enough you can shoot a few shots at their tracks, barrel, etc to show them on the minimap.

* [[M13 MGMC]]: this is a commonly seen SPAA with armour enough to resist rifle-calibre bullets and firepower enough to vaporise poorly protected crews. Target its dual .50 cal mount to disable its gunner first, then you can just shoot at the gun mount as its elevation drive, guns, ammo, etc are all exposed. The armoured cabin can only be penetrated if you two are face to face, a distance of more than 200 m will render your bullets useless.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent anti-aircraft capabilities afforded by the armament, can do satisfactory damage to aircraft of its rank
* Turns in a tight radius like a conventional truck
* Large amount of ammunition
* Able to reasonably damage lightly armoured vehicles of its kind such as [[M13 MGMC]] or [[M3 GMC]]
* More of a threat to small, nimble aircraft than the M13 or [[T17E2]]
* 6x4 truck design is sturdier and heavier than the 4 x 2 design of the [[GAZ-MM (72-K)]]
* Has a great rate of fire thanks to the four fast firing maxim guns
* Aircraft at early ranks are very common, meaning there will be plenty of aircraft for to be picked off
* Good at setting aircraft on fire
* Four maxim machine guns has huge psychological effect on enemies and may attract them to attack you head on which you will easily win
* The fact that you cannot kill tanks(except the [[AB 41|AB41]]) will mean that you focus on enemy aircraft rather than stray and hunt tanks

'''Cons:'''

* Non-existent armour/protection, anything will penetrate and damage the vehicle
* Very lightweight, prone to being destroyed by ramming or being overturned by other vehicles
* Crew is not afforded much protection, owing to the improvised design
* Low speed of 43 km/h (27 mph), even slower cross-country
* Gunner is exposed and can easily be knocked out from a stray bullet
* Cannot be used effectively against anything other than trucks or aircraft due to its machine gun armament
* Outclassed by other AA vehicles in the same rank
* Vulnerable to strafing by enemy aircraft, especially to kamikaze attacks
* Can easily be tipped over in tight turns
* Machine guns are useless against armoured targets except for other GAZ trucks

== History ==

[[File:4MM GAZ AAA- truck hiding behind the hay, awaiting the enemy..jpg|thumb|right|{{PAGENAME}}<ref>http://www.wio.ru/galgrnd/flak/spflak.htm</ref>]]
Around the late 1920s, the Soviet Union was undergoing a mechanization revolution and realized that no purpose-built motor vehicles were available for them to help move cargo and materiel back and forth from point one to point two. The result was the GAZ-AAA truck, which was a truck based on the Ford Model AAA 6 x 4 truck. These trucks entered production in 1932 and were used in multiple roles in the civilian world and in the military.

In the military, the GAZ trucks were used as tractors for gun systems, fuel tankers, radio system, and even armoured cars. By 1931, an anti-aircraft version was created as well, in order to give the Soviet Union a mobile anti-aircraft system to work with. The design had four Maxim Model 1910/30 machine guns installed on a mount on the truck. This configuration was called the '''4M GAZ-AAA''' and served as a low-altitude air defence system after being adopted in 1931.

The 4M GAZ-AAA was a crude weapon. It was simply a truck with a gun mount on the back that connected to four 7.62 mm machine guns. These machine guns could all be simultaneously fired by one operator. The operator had no protection whatsoever as he had to stand in order to fire the gun, there were also no gun shields to protect him from any incoming fire. Despite that, it served as a part of the Soviet defence against the German invasion in 1941, where it was also used in an infantry-support role by laying down a large volume of fire onto the enemy. Many were seen destroyed in German newsreels, covering the roads as German troops advanced deeper into the Soviet Union.

The vehicle was unsatisfactory for the battlefield, and even ineffective against planes due to its low calibre. A new anti-aircraft system had to be devised for the role of mobile anti-aircraft system. This led to the development of the [[GAZ-MM (72-K)|GAZ-MM (72-K)]], which while still truck-mounted weaponry, had a noticeable increase in firepower with a 25 mm autocannon.

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
This self-propelled anti-air mount based on the GAZ-AAA truck with four Maxim machine guns installed on its body was added to the arsenal in the mid-1930s and was the heaviest Soviet mount of the pre-war period. However, by the time WWII began it was no longer effective against airplanes.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_gaz_4m Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/devblog/current/776/|[Devblog] M2A2 / 4M GAZ-AAA / BF109B-1]]

=== References ===
<references />

{{TankManufacturer GAZ}}
{{USSR anti-aircraft vehicles}}
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

Ro-Go Exp.

2024-10-21T09:18:53Z

U153435799: wikipedia

{{About
| about = Japanese tank destroyer '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the heavy tank
| link = Ro-Go
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=jp_hiro_sha
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was a modification of the [[Ro-Go]] platform. It features a French model 120 mm Schneider-Canet 1898 cannon as its main armament to up-gun unused hulls and press them into service as capable glass-cannon self-propelled guns.

Ro-Go Experimental was introduced in [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]]. It is a very strong cannon against the vehicles it faces with the main drawback being based on a slow and sluggish heavy tank hull. Additionally, it being open top, relatively thin armoured, and once again on a sluggish hull, the best course of action is to use this glass cannon in a sniping position, dealing with targets at a range.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

Similar to the Ro-Go it is based off of, the Ro-Go Experimental's armour is mostly comprised of large flat armour plates, though some are slightly angled. Front armour maxes out at 30 mm, with the angled sections such as the upper glacis being 25 mm thick. The shield surrounding the cannon, and by extension the crew, is 12 mm thick. Given the mostly flat shape of the Ro-Go Experimental's hull and relatively average armour thickness for its battle rating, a majority of incoming fire will be taken with full force, especially if it hits the flat plates at the front of the vehicle. Slightly angling the front of the Ro-Go Exp. may result in some shell ricochets, however. Much like its predecessor, the Ho-Ro, the Ro-Go Exp. can be easily penetrated by most other vehicles at its battle rating, but it does feature some odd angles that may result in lucky bounces. The Ro-Go Exp. does have a large crew count of 7, although they are rather lined up and a majority of them are in the open.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 25 - 30 mm || 25 mm ''Top'' 30 mm ''Bottom'' || 25 mm || 12 - 25 mm
|-
| Gun shield || 12 mm
!
!
!
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=412|rbMinHp=256}}

The Ro-Go Experimental shares the same drivetrain as the Ro-Go, featuring an inline 6-cylinder engine. It has mediocre mobility, noticeably more sluggish than its Chi-Ha based counterparts.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Schneider-Canet 1898 (120 mm)}}

The 120 mm main armament of the Ro-Go Experimental will penetrate almost everything at its BR within a reasonable distance. The cannon, while considerably antiquated having been designed in 1897, fires a Semi-Armour-Piercing Capped Ballistic Capped round, which penetrates a maximum of 68 mm of armour at 10 m, even at 1,000 m the SAPCBC round can penetrate 53 mm of armour, certainly powerful enough to deal with most opponents at this BR. The round has a relatively low muzzle velocity and an average firing arc. The HE round has a significant amount of filler but does not have one shot potential like the HE round of the [[Ho-Ro]] or the [[S.I.G.33 (150 mm)]]. The SAPCBC round can also incur HE-type damage even if it does not penetrate due to its high filler content. However, it may be wise to carry a few dedicated HE rounds.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Schneider-Canet 1898 (120 mm)|120 mm Schneider-Canet 1898]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 16 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+15° || rowspan="2" | ±12° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 8.8 || 12.2 || 14.8 || 16.4 || 17.4 || rowspan="2" | 13.00 || rowspan="2" | 11.50 || rowspan="2" | 10.60 || rowspan="2" | 10.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 5.9 || 7.0 || 8.5 || 9.4 || 10.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Schneider-Canet 1898 (120 mm)/Ammunition|Schneider-Canet HE, Schneider-Canet SAP}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''16''' || 9 ''(+7)'' || 1 ''(+15)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* If you pack 9 ''(+7)'' shells, it will keep the left side of the hull empty of ammo.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|Type 97 (7.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type 97 (7.7 mm)|7.7 mm Type 97]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Rear || 1,960 (20) || 499 || -8°/+20° || ±110°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The Ro-Go Experimental plays like its predecessor on the tech tree, the Ho-Ro, but with some key differences. It has a faster reload time, but is noticeably less mobile and a larger target, a trait inherited from its basis on the Ro-Go chassis. Also unlike the Ho-Ro, the SAPCBC round has very good penetration and does not rely solely on HE filler to cause damage. It is completely open topped and the gun shield is only 12 mm thick, making the exposed crew extremely vulnerable to CAS and heavy machine gun fire. However, the Ro-Go Exp. does have some tricks up its sleeve - specifically the rear machine gunner. Like the Ro-Go, this crewman is largely useless in terms of offense, but will rarely be the first to be knocked out in a fight, essentially giving the player a somewhat guaranteed crew replacement. Play the Ro-Go Exp. like you would other Rank I and II Japanese Tank Destroyers, either freelance and find a good spot to get the jump on opponents, or stay back with other players and support from the rear. Like other Japanese SPG's, you are somewhat of a glass cannon. Remember that you can only spawn with 16 rounds maximum.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fantastic main armament for the BR.
** Low penetration fall off even at extreme ranges.
** One shot potential against most matchups.
** Faster reload than the Ho-Ro.
* More crew members than other tank destroyers in the lower rank Japanese tree (Ho-Ro and Ho-Ni series).
** Rear machine gun position provides opportunities for a "free" crew replacement.

'''Cons:'''

* Overall the armour is average at best, poor at worst.
** The crew is mostly exposed and is at the mercy of .50 calibers, aircraft, artillery and if flanked LMG fire.
* Mobility is overall worse compared to the majority of Chi-Ha based tank destroyers, the Ro-Go Experimental is comparatively sluggish.
** Mediocre top speed of 25 km/h.
* 16 shell maximum ammo count.
* Somewhat slow shell velocity can be hard to aim.

== History ==


The '''Ro-Go Experimental''' (sometimes incorrectly referred to as the Hi-Ro (sha) or Ji-Ro) was a prototypical field modification to the Type 95 Heavy Tank.
[[File:Ro-Go Experimental Historical.jpg|thumb|Ro-Go Experimental at factory grounds]]

The Type 95 Ro-Go Heavy Tank was in itself a low production experiment, but its hull was the basis for a few other trials, namely for its use as an SPG. The result of using a remaining unused Type 95 hull, field modifying the tank by replacing the two turrets with a 120 mm Schneider-Canet cannon mounted at the front of the chassis. Both a long and a short version of the cannon were tested. These cannons were originally of French origin and built under license by the Japanese.<ref>斯加式十二糎速射加農砲, [https://i.imgur.com/hH2ioDe.jpg Ref.C01007469500]</ref><ref>斯加式十二糎速射加農砲, [https://i.imgur.com/Eol46sS.jpg Ref.C01003984100]</ref>

A different configuration was brought to the drawing board by the original designer of the Type 95 Ro-Go, Tomio Hara. He designed what would be known as the Ji-Ro on the same hull but with more modification to the base hull, completely getting rid of all the 3 turrets, moving the engine and fully enclosing the casemate at the end of the vehicle.<ref>[https://i.redd.it/qrlwlvyyohl11.jpg Ji-Ro Blueprint]</ref>

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=jp_hiro_sha Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Ro-Go]]

;Tanks of comparable role, configuration, and era

* [[File:IJN flag.png|30px|link=]] [[Chi-Ha LG]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/366138-type-95-hiro-sha/ <nowiki>[Forum]</nowiki> Original Suggestion]
* [https://www.reddit.com/r/Warthunder/comments/9erwsf/jiro_experimental_tank_destroyer/ <nowiki>[Reddit]</nowiki> Ji-Ro Experimental Tank Destroyer]
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_95_heavy_tank#Variants

=== References ===
<references />

{{Template:TankManufacturer Mitsubishi}}
{{Japan tank destroyers}}

F-105D

2024-10-21T08:56:03Z

U153435799: More pros and cons

{{Specs-Card
|code=f-105d
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Winged Lions"]]. A nickname often associated with the {{PAGENAME}} was "Thud".

Like its contemporaries in the [[Su-7 (Family)|Su-7 family]], the {{PAGENAME}} is a strike aircraft designed for ordnance delivery at high speeds and low altitude, and its design reflects this, with powerful acceleration, excellent control authority at high speeds, good roll rate, and plentiful choices in bomb options. The {{PAGENAME}} also has a full range of ballistic computer programming, including CCIP for rockets, bombs and cannons, plus a CCRP function that uses its surprisingly capable AN/ASG-19 radar. While it lacks a true "lock" function, the gun has a radar-ranging gunsight as well as a Search and IFF (Identify Friend or Foe) function that allows it to at least see targets in front and above it to a relatively high degree of efficiency at ranges of up to 15 km. This allows it to see enemies to some extent, and plan ahead to avoid them. The F-105 was designed with nuclear strike in mind, and it performs best roaring through valleys and over hills at low altitude, reaching speeds of almost Mach 1.2 when clean, and Mach 1.05 with a full load of sixteen 750-pound M117 bombs. Famous for its use during Operation Rolling Thunder in Vietnam as the United States Air Force's main strike aircraft, the F-105, like the [[P-47 (Family)|P-47]] and [[F-84 (Family)|F-84]] that preceded it, has a reputation for being an aircraft capable of taking heavy punishment. However, it had several fatal flaws, including the lack of any standoff air-to-ground ordnance, the positioning of the fuel tanks directly above control cables and the at-times temperamental engine, the low-altitude, low-speed passes that it was forced to fly, and the doctrines of the time.

This fighter has chaff in pods, but does not have flares. It is vulnerable to the IR-guided air-to-air missiles (AAMs) that are prevalent at the battle rating range that it fights at, as well as the radar-guided anti-aircraft guns and the IR or Beam-riding Surface-to-Air Missiles (SAMs) it faces at its BR. This is offset by the roll rate and control authority, meaning that it can easily outroll or outmanoeuvre any rear-aspect AAM in-game except the [[Matra R550 Magic 1|Matra R.550 Magic]], which can only be outmanoeuvred with range and the assumption that the Magic's booster has shut off. Since it was designed to perform toss-bombing at high speeds on the deck, it also has the capability to pull surprisingly high Gs and turn/loop tighter than expected for an attack aircraft, managing turns of 12-13 Gs with empty bomb racks and 4 Sidewinders, or 13-14 G clean with 12 minutes of fuel left in the tank at around ~1,100 km/h, and still manages 10-11 G sustained turns above and below those speeds. Seeing as these speeds, fuel loads, and payloads are fairly standard conditions when turning away from a base to head home for more ordnance, or while tussling with MiGs over the battlefield, the {{PAGENAME}} makes for a capable dogfighter in its own right. Not many enemy pilots expect the {{PAGENAME}} to be capable of popping a 12 G sustained turn immediately after destroying a base, and even fewer expect it from an attacker glued onto their tail!

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 10,668 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,129 || 2,102 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 28.5 || 29.5 || 149.3 || 141.5 || rowspan="2" | 1,050
|-
! Upgraded
| 2,206 || 2,167 || 27.5 || 28.0 || 202.8 || 175.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,575  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 1,575 || 827 || 490 || ~12 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 720 || < 950 || < 800 || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Pratt & Whitney J75-P-19W || 1
| colspan="2" | 12,675 kg || colspan="2" | 450 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 8m fuel || 20m fuel || 27m fuel
|-
| 2,699 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
| 13,701 kg || 15,195 kg || 16,095 kg || 22,911 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 8m fuel || 20m fuel || 27m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 6,953 kgf || 9,868 kgf
| 0.72 || 0.65 || 0.61 || 0.43
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 6,953 kgf (0 km/h) || 13,161 kgf (1,200 km/h)
| 0.96 || 0.87 || 0.82 || 0.57
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

{{Notice
|'''IMPORTANT: This aircraft cannot carry flares.''' The countermeasure pods are AN/ALE-38/41 Chaff dispensers, which, unlike modern countermeasure pods or USN countermeasure systems, use neither a common calibre nor dispenser system as flares. The {{PAGENAME}} was never equipped with the AN/ALE-40 combined Chaff/Flare suite used on the [[F-4E Phantom II|F-4E]], nor the AN/ALE-29 chaff/flare dispenser used on the [[A-4 (Family)|A-4 Skyhawks]] and [[A-7 Corsair II (Family)|A-7 Corsairs]].
}}

* 12.7 mm armour plate behind the pilot.

Since the aircraft is so big, and has a considerable amount of interior space, gunfire will often pass through the empty innards of the aircraft. Single hits from 20 mm or 23 mm cannons such as the [[GSh-23L (23 mm)|Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-23L]], [[Hispano Mk.V (20 mm)|Hispano Mk.V]], and [[Browning-Colt Mk12 Mod 0 (20 mm)|Browning-Colt Mk12 Mod 0]] will likely cause no damage other than slight damage to the wings or fuselage. Longer bursts with more hits will cause more serious damage that is likely to require repair at the airfield as soon as possible. Often, cannon bursts from the rear will destroy the engine and disable the tail control, forcing the pilot to bail out, but the wings, fuselage, and tail assembly will all stay attached to the plane until the aircraft slams into the ground. Theoretically, it is possible to control the aircraft entirely with flap input and throttle control without the elevator, but this requires almost ideal conditions that almost never occur. The {{PAGENAME}}, however, lends itself better to this than most aircraft, thanks to flaps that are large, tough, and durable, with rip speeds in excess of 800 km/h. The F-105's landing gear are also extremely durable, and due to their high height, allow slightly sharper and harder landing approaches than other aircraft, which can come in handy after shepherding a damaged aircraft back to base.

The {{PAGENAME}}'s tail control and elevators are particularly vulnerable to enemy fire, and even single hits that wouldn't even damage the fuselage or wings will likely cripple or seriously impair your tailplane. This is compounded by the fact that the {{PAGENAME}} has control cables for the tail in both the top and the bottom of the aircraft, and therefore is extremely vulnerable to enemy fire. Enemy missiles are almost guaranteed to destroy the tail control, wing control, or ignite the massive fuel tanks in the fuselage. {{PAGENAME}} pilots must take utmost care to dodge missiles or otherwise avoid confrontations where enemy missiles come into play, such as prolonged tail-chases in a target-rich environment.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M61A1 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 20 mm M61A1 cannon, nose-mounted (1,028 rpg)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="9%" | 1 !! width="9%" | 2 !! width="9%" | 3 !! width="9%" | 4 !! width="9%" | 5
| rowspan="15" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 82 (500 lb)|500 lb LDGP Mk 82]] bombs
| 1 || 4 || 6 || 4 || 1
|-
! [[Mk 82 Snakeye (500 lb)|500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye]] bombs
| 1 || 4 || 6 || 4 || 1
|-
! [[M117 cone 45 (750 lb)|750 lb M117 cone 45]] bombs
| 1 || 4 || 6 || 4 || 1
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83]] bombs
| 1 || 2 || 3 || 2 || 1
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 84 (2,000 lb)|2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84]] bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 84 Air (2,000 lb)|2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 Air]] bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[M118 (3,000 lb)|3,000 lb M118]] bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[BLU-27/B incendiary]] bombs
| 1 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 1
|-
! [[FFAR Mighty Mouse]] rockets
| 19 || 19 || || 19 || 19
|-
! [[AGM-12B Bullpup]] missiles
| 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1
|-
! [[AGM-12C Bullpup]] missiles
| || 1 || || 1 ||
|-
! [[AIM-9B Sidewinder]] missiles
| 1, 2 || || || || 1, 2
|-
! [[AIM-9E Sidewinder]] missiles
| 2 || || || || 2
|-
! Chaff
| 192 || || || || 192
|-
| colspan="6" | Maximum permissible loadout weight: 5,800 kg
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* Without load
* 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AIM-9E Sidewinder missiles
* 76 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 4 x AGM-12B Bullpup missiles
* 2 x AGM-12C Bullpup missiles
* 16 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (8,000 lb total)
* 16 x 500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye bombs (8,000 lb total)
* 16 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (12,000 lb total)
* 9 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (9,000 lb total)
* 3 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bombs (6,000 lb total)
* 3 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 Air bombs (6,000 lb total)
* 3 x 3,000 lb M118 bombs (9,000 lb total)
* 8 x BLU-27/B incendiary bombs
* 384 x chaff
{{Navigation-End}}

;Summary & Recommendations

The {{PAGENAME}} carries a range of bombs, but the payloads an {{PAGENAME}} pilot will often use are:

* 16 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (12,000 lb total)

:This payload is best for bombing bases. It takes seven M117 bombs to destroy a base at its BR, and with 16 bombs, dropping in 5 pairs of 2 and 6 individual drops, an {{PAGENAME}} can easily pickle off four pairs of bombs (8 total) before using the remaining ones to destroy another base, lighting the afterburner, and heading for home.

* 14 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs + 4 x AIM-9E Sidewinder missiles (10,500 lb total)

:This payload is one of the best for bombing bases and then switching into an air-to-air role. The AIM-9E missiles are capable against aircraft that are slow, and useful for causing faster aircraft to manoeuvre to avoid them, forcing them to lose speed and giving you a chance to close the gap.

* 6 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs + 2 x 3,000 lb M118 bombs + 4 x AIM-9E Sidewinder missiles (10,500 lb total)

:One of the single most effective payloads, this may be used as a substitute for the above payload if a pilot dislikes having to pickle off eight bombs individually, as now, with a single push of a button, two M118s come sliding off the rails. These two bombs combined are more than enough for a base, but are also effective in their own right as capture-point clearing bombs, or for destroying aircraft staying on the airfield near the end of a match. Campers beware!

* 6 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs + 2 x AGM-12C Bullpup missiles + 4 x AIM-9E Sidewinder missiles (4,500 lb total)

:Two heavy-duty bullpups and four Sidewinders make for a powerful punch against both ground and air targets. The M117s are there merely as additional ordnance, and may be jettisoned where necessary for a cleaner aircraft, or used against enemy targets.

[[File:F-105 in hangar.png|thumb|524x524px|Loaded for bear — an {{PAGENAME}} in the hangar, loaded with fourteen M117 demolition bombs, and four AIM-9Es on the outboard pylons. Note the size when compared to the ~1.8 metre-tall mechanics.]]
The LDGP Mark 82 500 lb bombs provided stock and the AGM-12B/Sidewinder combinations serve no purpose once spaded. The Mark 82 can quickly be replaced by the extremely effective M117, which bomb-for-bomb provides the most effective bombing option, since it carries the most TNT for its weight. In addition to this, the Thunderchief carries as many M117s as it does Mark 82s, and also has far more available ordnance options that pair M117s together with other weapons, such as Bullpups. The AGM-12B and Sidewinder/Chaff pod combinations allow for a maximum of two AGM-12Bs, a full rack of bombs on the centreline, and four AIM-9B/Es. Once the AGM-12C has been unlocked, carrying these combinations is useless, since the AGM-12C is superior in every metric, and given the limit on how many Bullpups can be carried with AIM-9s, it's more useful to carry the larger missile rather than the smaller one.

Something to consider is that more experienced players may find Mark 83 effectively redundant, as the M117s that precede them in the modifications menu carry nearly 210 kg of TNT equivalent, and the F-105 can carry more of them than Mark 83s. While at first, the Mk 83's additional 66 kg of TNT equivalent (for a total of 276 kg per thousand-pound bomb) may seem like an improvement, the M117 has nearly identical fragment dispersion/vehicle destruction radii, as well as only 7 mm less armour penetration. Coupled with the aircraft's ballistic computer for precision-bombing, experienced pilots shouldn't need the extra explosive mass to destroy a ground target, and since on a single hardpoint, the F-105 carries more M117s than Mark 83s (4-6 as opposed to 3 for the Mark 83), even novice pilots may find it easier to use the M117, since they have more M117s to drop. Pilots will also find it easier to acquire the M117 than the Mark 83 on this aircraft, as M117s are available as a Tier I modification, while Mark 83s are in Tier II, and the Thunderchief has far more Tier II modifications that should take a higher priority over the Mark 83, such as New Boosters or AIM-9Bs.

Chaff is not advisable for the {{PAGENAME}}. At this battle rating, the {{PAGENAME}} faces mostly IR missiles, and given its flight performance, pilots must rely on manoeuvring alone to defeat the [[AIM-9B]]s, [[AIM-9E]]s, [[R-3S]]s, and [[AIM-9G]]s that are typical to planes around its BR, as well as the occasional [[R-60]], [[AIM-9J]]/[[RB24J]], and rare [[AIM-7C Sparrow|AIM-7C]], [[AIM-7D]] and [[AIM-7E]] Sparrows that it can face from time to time. All of these missiles can be defeated with appropriate manoeuvring and avoidance of enemy aircraft, making chaff pods entirely redundant, and just something that takes up more space on a hard point that could be used by a bomb, missile, or rocket pod. However, in Ground RB, chaff may be useful in temporarily spoofing early missile and gun SPAA. That said, no SPAA at that BR is entirely radar-based, and most radar-based SPAAGs use their radar to determine only a target solution rather than guide any sort of weapon. For instance, the most common anti-aircraft missile systems in Ground RB — the [[Roland 1]], [[Type 93]], [[Ozelot]], [[2S6]], and [[XM1069]] — all use either IR guidance or a form of semi-active beam-riding guidance that completely ignores chaff.

Four AGM-12Bs is the maximum amount of guided ordnance that the {{PAGENAME}} can carry, if a pilot requires a lot of guided missiles to take out tanks in Ground RB. Due to the ballistic computer, it is often better to take bombs instead, since you can drop from higher up and on different flight profiles where enemy tanks and SPAAs do not expect air attack.

The Mighty Mouse FFARs that it receives are effective, but slightly underpowered compared to the [[Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP|Zunis]], [[S-8KO|S-8s]], [[S-24]]s, [[S-25O|S-25s]] and [[psrak m/70|13.5 cm m/70]] that other similar aircraft in and around its battle rating receive. The LAU-3s cannot be used with AIM-9Es, bombs, or any other payloads outside of either on their own or with chaff. This makes bringing FFARs a sub-par option compared to other ordnance options already available for the F-105D Thunderchief.

== Usage in battles ==

The F-105 is an extremely versatile aircraft. Used in a bombing role, typically designated by either "A for Attack" or "B for Bomber", the F-105 in fact excels at both air-to-ground and air-to-air roles, though the aircraft is typically less successful in the latter than the former.

=== Against air targets ===
While the F-105 is classified as an attacker, the aircraft lends itself well to air-to-air work. The aircraft, however, requires basic knowledge on how to fly jets in energy-fighting manoeuvres. Its armament, size, and speed lend it well to destroying enemy targets by pressing its sheer advantage in speed — not many aircraft at its battle rating exceed Mach 1.1 in level flight, and even less while still having a sizeable payload onboard.

[[File:F-105 Turning And Burning.mp4|thumb|F-105 in a sustained ~11-12G turn at sea level.]]

'''On the offensive'''

The F-105's best advantage is in its speed and considerably powerful engine. The aircraft has good energy retention and turning performance at speed, thanks to the nuclear toss-bombing flight profile that the aircraft was designed for. The F-105 does not have any issue with using this ability to loop rapidly at high speed in the vertical by turning quickly and at high Gs in the horizontal. Managing around 12Gs in a sustained turn beginning at Mach 1.0, the F-105 has performance entirely unexpected from a single-engined attacker of its size at its battle rating. F-105Ds also possess strengthened wing spars that earlier variants did not, and unlike said earlier variants, will not tear its wings in sustained manoeuvres very easily. Managing up to 13Gs, and up to fourteen Gs in rare cases, the F-105's large, strong wings grant it energy retention in addition to roll rate, and the swept-wing construction makes it one of the faster-accelerating aircraft at its battle rating- more than enough to match more nimble [[MiG-19 (Family)|MiG-19s]] and [[MiG-21 (Family)|MiG-21s]] at certain speeds.

The F-105 has the option to carry four AIM-9s of either the [[AIM-9B Sidewinder|AIM-9B]] or [[AIM-9E]] type. While these missiles are unimpressive in terms of performance when compared to the [[R.550]] or [[R-60]] that this aircraft faces, they are nonetheless useful. The AIM-9E is a direct upgrade to the AIM-9B that includes a wider seeker FOV thanks to the seeker's ability to uncage and track a target slightly before launch, making it more useful than the AIM-9B in a dogfight. However, the most useful air-to-air asset by far is the gun, which has a generous supply of ammunition available to it. Most F-105 air-to-air victories in Vietnam were made with the gun, and the same holds true in-game. You'll find that many enemies don't expect fast opposition coming back at them from the direction that their airfield is in, which is where you'll be after letting off your bombloads and presumably evading detection by the enemy until that point. Since the aircraft can manage above average speed, pilots will find the F-105 attuned to the doctrine of energy fighting. However, they will also find that the F-105 can turn with its enemies where necessary, and accelerate to regain speed rapidly afterwards, meaning that using turns, loops and otherwise engaging in a dogfight may sometimes be more desirable than simple boom-and-zoom methods. However, F-105 pilots should remember that the aircraft is not designed to get into close-in dogfights. Making mistakes, such as bleeding too much energy, will only turn the F-105D into a slow, large target to be easily hit in a furball engagement.

'''On the defensive'''

The {{PAGENAME}} is extremely survivable. The size of the aircraft means that the aircraft can shrug off damage to its airframe and wings easily and keep flying, and it is easy to glide back to base when out of fuel or damaged. The Thud has a chance to put out fires in its spinal fuel tanks, but due to its position above the engine, if the rear fuel tank gets set on fire, the engine will likely burn down with it. However, the {{PAGENAME}} is good at gliding home and back to base even when the engine is down or after sustaining heavy damage. The pilot lacks protection from the front and sides, and the aircraft lacks any sort of protection for fuel tanks, engine, control cables and control surfaces, unlike its well-armoured stablemate, the A-7 Corsair II. The aircraft can lose a wingtip and a tail fin, but still make it home to base and glide in for a landing. The gears are extremely durable and lend themselves well to rough landing, and the high ground clearance allows the aircraft a better chance of avoiding a tail strike in a high-speed landing.

The size of the aircraft is a double-edged sword, as enemy missiles are almost guaranteed to go off when in proximity to the aircraft. Dodging high-G missiles can become a hassle as while rolling the aircraft and jinking are the most effective methods of taking missiles off your tail, they also increase the surface area that is presented to the proxy fuse. Smaller, more manoeuvrable missiles such as [[R-60]]s and [[SRAAM]]s have an extremely slim chance to detonate even after you appear to have "dodged" it since the proximity fuse is still live after the missile loses its lock.

All of these pale in comparison to its speed, roll rate, and acceleration. Few aircraft possess the {{PAGENAME}}'s aptitude for speed. Only higher-BR aircraft it sees in full uptiers, such as the [[MiG-21SMT]] and the [[MiG-21MF (Germany)|MiG-21MF]], [[F-104 (Family)|F-104 Starfighters]] and [[F-4F Early|F-4F(e)s]] have the ability to keep up with it. Speed is a form of protection in and of itself, since the {{PAGENAME}} can simply jettison its ordnance and run away from whatever it doesn't want to face. However, loading heavy payloads like the bombs required to destroy bases leech away at its speed, and thus speed is only really an option when running the aircraft with AIM-9Es only, or completely clean.

Thanks to the roll rate, the F-105D is able to quickly roll to dodge enemy gunfire, and also enemy missiles. The latter is essential, given the fact that the F-105D never carried any flares, and will never receive flares due to never carrying any such countermeasures in real life. A basic manoeuvre to avoid air-to-air missiles is a snap roll, with or without afterburner, performed by pitching up and rolling/yawing into the same direction. This will cause the aircraft to begin a high-G barrel roll that can reach up to 14Gs, and is effective at losing even the trickiest of opponents. Less advanced air-to-air missiles can be dodged by just turning a little, and given that high-G barrel rolls bleed speed from the aircraft, it's important to know the range and performance envelopes of the enemy aircraft before picking your manoeuvre — turn, high-g barrel roll, or simply levelling off and out-speeding the missile.

=== Against ground targets ===
While the {{PAGENAME}} can carry up to four air-to-ground guided missiles, it can only do this with four AGM-12Bs. This load is hardly optimal, particularly since with the ballistic computer, bombs might be far more effective anyhow. The {{PAGENAME}} does get AGM-12Cs, but only two of them. Keep in mind that with this payload, you cannot carry AIM-9Es for self-defense, nor chaff for spoofing radar. While still able to destroy ground targets, this payload's effectiveness is sometimes questionable in the face of the other payloads this versatile aircraft is capable of carrying. When carrying AIM-9Es or chaff pods, the amount of air-to-ground missiles that the aircraft is able to carry drops to two. The aircraft can only carry two AGM-12s and AIM-9Es with bombs, meaning that using combined loads of AGM-12Bs and missiles/chaff is entirely moot once AGM-12Cs are unlocked and available to the player. The {{PAGENAME}} lacks any fire-and-forget air-to-ground ordnance, as well as any kind of good stand-off ordnance to use against SPAAs. This means that aircraft is vulnerable to enemy SPAA armaments since novice pilots will have to fly low in order to use the bombs, the AGM-12s require constant attention to hit moving targets, and the aircraft lacks any sort of standoff ordnance to use against AAA while staying at an appreciable distance away.

The {{PAGENAME}} is equipped with a full range of ballistic computer functionality. The Constantly Computed Impact Point (CCIP) function helps show the pilot where bombs and rockets will go when released. The Constantly Computed Release Point (CCRP) function that uses the powerful onboard radar system to paint a target on the ground, and it gives the pilot an alert when "release authority" is handed over at a point where if the bomb is dropped, the projectile will hit the target selected. The CCRP system is effective at any altitude, but requires the pilot to have good timing and knowledge of the system being used. The CCIP system is also useable from most altitudes, but is most effective in dives below 1,000 m altitude, meaning that the pilot will have to fly low, exposing themselves to enemy fire as a result. While this is not usually a problem in Air RB, in Ground RB, where ground-based Short-Range Air Defense (SHORAD) is present, the aircraft is particularly vulnerable to radar-assisted gun AAA, enemy IR/beam-riding SAMs, and main cannons. Despite this vulnerability, the aircraft is extremely tough and survivable. AI anti-aircraft fire will often only be a minor annoyance, and player-launched surface-to-air missiles can be either dodged or avoided with clever tactics and positioning. In addition to that, the aircraft's size means that sometimes, bullets and shells will only hit non-essential components, such as the large, empty bomb bay for nuclear bombs in the centre of the plane.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good acceleration
* High top speed
* Effective control authority at speeds in excess of ~700 km/h
* Takeoff flaps have a high rip speed (~823 km/h)
* Powerful M61 Vulcan cannon with large ammo pool
* Excellent range of ground attack payloads with a ballistic computer
* Can be equipped with 4 x AIM-9E air-to-air missiles
* Has a radar with IFF capabilities and a fast search rate

'''Cons:'''

* High stall speed makes manoeuvring and landing at slow speeds difficult
* Countermeasures only include chaff and will replace AAMs if equipped
* Extremely high fuel consumption on afterburner: requires careful management of fuel on minimum or 20 minutes fuel load
* Maneuverability and overall flight performance significantly suffers with a full bombload
* Has no flares, which make this plane very susceptible to IR guided missiles
* AGM-12 is very hard to control

== History ==
[[File:RF-84F.jpg|thumb|A USAF Thunderflash, somewhere over the continental US.]]
The F-105 Thunderchief is an American supersonic fighter-bomber that served during the Vietnam war. Originally an advanced derivative of the RF-84F, the F-105 was a large attack aircraft designed for both nuclear and conventional strike. F-105s would see extensive service in Vietnam as the USAF's primary attack aircraft until high loss rates forced it to be retired from active service. A total of 833 aircraft were built.

The Thunderchief comes from an illustrious family of aircraft, all developed by Seversky, which later would become Republic Aviation. Starting from the early P-35, the aircraft later evolved into the [[P-43A-1|P-43]], an early propeller aircraft developed into the far larger and more powerful [[P-47 (Family)|P-47 Thunderbolt]]. As the Jet Age approached, the P-47 was converted to Jet Propulson, and the [[F-84 (Family)]] was born out of that conversion, beginning with early models such as [[F-84B-26|F-84Bs]]. These were found to be severely underpowered, and the later extended-fuselage F-84E and [[F-84G-21-RE|F-84G]] added a more powerful and more reliable J-35 turbojet. Soon afterwards, the F-84 would be given swept wings, and a much-improved engine, and this design work was laid out the basis for what would eventually become the F-105 Thunderchief.

[[File:AP-63.jpg|thumb|Concept art by Republic of Advanced Project Nº 63.]]

;A Repurposed Thunderflash: The F-105's Origins

The F-105 originated as an internal project of the RF-84F Thunderflash photo-reconnaissance aircraft, featuring the same wing-mounted engine intake system. First begun in 1951, initial design work resembled an enlarged RF-84 with an integral bomb bay in the middle of the aircraft. [[F-84G-21-RE|F-84Gs]] in Tactical Air Command service had been the first fighter aircraft in the world able to carry nuclear bombs, and the first aircraft able to conduct in-flight refuelling- and one of the scant few aircraft designed to be able to refuel by both probe-and-drogue and boom systems. However, this aircraft had merely only been an interim while TAC waited for the [[F-84F]] to enter production, and as such, it was based on a previous variant- the F-84E, but also incorporated many of the technologies expected to be on the F-variant. While the E/G variants closely resembled the [[F-84B-26|F-84B]] in general shape, the F-84F was a radical departure, incorporating a high sweepback and more hardpoints for increased weapons carriage. The RF-84F was an even more radical departure from the previously established F-84 formula, including wing root intakes and a rounded nose for the cameras that it was required to carry in its photoreconnaissance role. While the F-84G/F enjoyed success in Korea and in peacetime European service, Republic Aviation started a new project for a much-improved aircraft based on the RF-84F's design work. Incorporating the same nose shape but with a radar inside, an enlarged centre-section capable of internally carrying a nuclear bomb, and incorporating the same wing-root intakes, the aircraft design called "Advanced Project Nº 63" (AP-63) resembled a much-enlarged RF-84.

;Teething Problems & Shattering Expectations: The F-105's Early Years

The F-105B entered service with the USAF in August of 1958. The aircraft was also snapped up by the Thunderbirds, who desired a high-speed, high performance aircraft for their team, but tragedy struck in their first live show performed with the Thud when one of their aircraft simply exploded mid-air. Contracts for low-rate initial production were awarded to Republic in 1952 and 1953 for a total of 199 aircraft, with initial delivery scheduled for 1955. However, shifting requirements for the aircraft resulted in the project being delayed and contracts being cancelled until a solid contract was signed in February 1955 for 15 aircraft. These 15 aircraft were for two "YF-105A" evaluation aircraft, three "RF-105B" reconnaissance aircraft, and ten production "F-105Bs". In a testament to the survivability of the aircraft that would be proven later in combat, the first F-105B's landing gear failed to extend during the end of its first flight due to suction that kept the gear bay doors sealed shut. The pilot had to belly in, which he did with considerable skill, and funnily enough, when he walked away from the aircraft, the Thunderchief belatedly popped its landing-gear doors open. The aircraft in question was repaired and back in the air within six weeks. The USAF Tactical Air Command (TAC) had a full squadron of Thunderchiefs in service by mid-1959. On 11 December 1959, Brigadier General Joseph Moore, commander of the 4th Tactical Fighter Wing, set a world speed record of 1,958.53 km/h (1,216 mph) over a 100 km closed course in an F-105B. The F-105D variant began to supplant and replace F-105Bs in frontline units between 1960 and 1965. During testing in June of 1961, the F-105 delivered 7 tons of bombs, the largest bombload ever carried by a single-engine fighter. In the spring of 1964, the Thunderbirds, looking for a new high-performance jet to replace their F-100As, chose the F-105B as their mount. After modifying the aircraft to suit their needs, including strengthening the airframe, the F-105 would go on to perform in only 6 airshows before being pulled out of their service in favour of F-100s. During the final airshow, in a "pitch up" manoeuvre, an F-105 piloted by Cpt. Gene Devlins simply disintegrated mid-air after entering the pitch-up, forcing the Air Force to re-evaluate the Thunderchief's use by the acrobatics team, subsequently replacing their F-105Bs with [[F-100D|F-100D Super Sabres]] once more. F-105Bs would be entirely retired by the end of 1965, and the much-improved F-105D would replace them, which also incorporated strengthened wing spars. Project ''Look Alike'' would endeavour to fix problems with the routing of wires, mechanical cables and hydraulics piping, and would be implemented in 1962-1964 on the Thunderchief fleet, just in time for their combat service in Vietnam.[[File:Thunderbirds-F105-diamond.jpg|thumb|Thud Thunderbirds: F-105Bs in diamond formation in service with the Thunderbirds during its brief stint in their service in '64.]]
[[File:F-105D in flight with bombs.jpg|thumb|An F-105D in flight over Vietnam with a full load of 750 lb bombs.]]

;Rolling into Combat: Operation Rolling Thunder & Vietnam

The F-105 would soon see active combat in the Vietnam war, where it served as the USAF's primary attack aircraft. The F-105s would eventually fly over 20,000 combat missions in Vietnam, and despite its large and unwieldy airframe, shoot down 27 Vietnamese MiGs. 24 of these aircraft were shot down using the F-105's internal Vulcan cannon.

However, F-105s in Vietnam suffered from an extremely high loss rate. The F-105 had the unfortunate distinction of being the only American aircraft to have been removed from combat due to high loss rates, being replaced in its ground attack role by the [[F-4E Phantom II|F-4]] Phantom II and F-111 Aardvark. Of 833 total F-105s produced, 382 aircraft were lost, 17 to enemy fighters, but mostly to ground anti-aircraft fire and maintenance issues. This loss rate, however, is less indicative of the aircraft's ability, but more a testament to doctrine and the aircraft's environment. The F-105 was the most-used aircraft during Operation Rolling Thunder- even more so than the F-4C that had only recently entered service. Given that the aircraft flew the most sorties, it was also the aircraft that would, naturally, take the most loss numbers. Due to the rate at which aircraft were being thrown into the Vietnamese Air Defenses, the aircraft suffered correspondingly high losses to the point that the US Air Force contemplated restarting the F-105 production line in Farmingdale, Long Island, but ultimately decided against it, as there were no export customers for the aircraft, and there were replacements just over the horizon- including the results of the TFX program, the soon-to-be-famous F-111.

Ground anti-aircraft fire was an inevitable part of flying into an air defence system. Designed to fly low and fast attack profiles, with not many provisions for high-altitude bombing, the F-105 needed to dive-bomb its targets with conventional bombs, with the pilot required to keep the target in sight of a depressible mil sight in the cockpit at all times. This resulted in pilots being forced into low, slow, and fatally predictable flight profiles when entering a bomb drop. The arc that the F-105s would fly in order to get close in to the target was an extremely easy target for Vietnamese anti-aircraft gunners. While the "Thunderstick-II" upgrade, developed in the late 60s, would allow the F-105 to bomb its targets from higher up using a set of new avionics that went in a spinal bulge (much like the [[MiG-21SMT|MiG-21SMT's]] spine fuel tank), these aircraft, mostly older D-5 and D-10 models, would never see combat, and the upgrades were deemed too costly to roll out to the entire remaining number of F-105s available, which were all soon to retire.

The most common issues were related to the F-105's J75 engine, which simply had not been designed for missions in the envelopes that the F-105s were expected to fly, burning at full military for extended periods of time without overhaul. Since the F-105 had been designed with the Tactical Nuclear Strike role in mind, with its afterburners on full in what was essentially a one-way suicide mission, it had been designed to be the fastest thing flying with a nuclear bomb inside the ventral bomb bay. The J75 had not been designed with long operating hours in mind, since the expectation had been that it would be used a few times in combat prior to being either shot down, disposed of, or otherwise never used again. This resulted in many issues with the jet blade, including cracks in the compressor blades that turned the inside of the engine into a mess of hot metal where the fragmenting blades would shatter, spreading fragments backwards into the engine as they went, causing what appeared to the pilot as a mere engine fire, but was only the precursor to a violent explosion when the fragmenting blades set fire to the initially completely unprotected fuel tanks.

The fuel tanks had been another oversight in the F-105's design- the initial flight profile of low-altitude tactical nuclear strike did not have high projected survivability rates, and for the sake of speed and also the fact that the F-105 wasn't likely to return anyway, the aircraft's massive fuselage fuel tanks, arranged above the engine and bomb bay, were not self sealing. Many flak and SAM losses due to fires stemmed from the punctured fuel tanks leaking fuel all over the hot J75 engine, resulting in the aircraft burning down in flight. Upgrades to the fuel tank, including the addition of self-sealing liners, managed to somewhat rectify the issue, but never completely- no upgrade save for a complete redesign or an entirely new design would solve the issue that the F-105's entire internal fuel load was carried in tanks that were mounted in the top of the fuselage and above the engine.

Another issue encountered was that the sudden loss of hydraulic oil pressure resulted in the tailplane locking into a "pitch down" position, as well as losing the Stability Augmentation system, a vital component of such a large, heavy aircraft that allowed pilots to keep it under control. A switch was later added to mechanically lock the F-105's tailplane into a stable, "neutral" position, but again, this was only a partial fix- the hydraulics issue would never really be overcome throughout its service life.

;Sunset Service

Aircraft of the F-105G "Wild Weasel" suppression of enemy air defence (SEAD) variant remained in service until the end of the Vietnam war, after which they were replaced by the F-4G Wild Weasel IV. F-105s grew increasingly difficult to maintain in the 1970s, resulting in their accelerated retirement. The last F-105Ds in South-East Asia left by 1970, before Operation Linebacker began, and twin-seat F-105Fs and Gs would soldier on into the 80s before retiring. The final flight of any F-105 was by the Air Force Reserve 466th Tactical Fighter Squadron, in 1984, and afterwards, the F-105 slipped quietly into retirement. Most F-105s had their tails sliced off by guillotine to prevent their use elsewhere. 105 complete F-105 airframes are known to survive into this day, though none remain airworthy, and are mostly in the continental US, though a few remain in places like Nellis, McConnel, Kadena and Spangdahlem as monuments to when Thuds were deployed to those bases. The rest are in museums and other such places to live the rest of their lives out as retired warbirds.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=f-105d Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|4H9GuHPLOcs|'''The Shooting Range #283''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:28 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://www.avialogs.com/aircraft-r/republic/item/5054-f-105d-thunderchief-standard-aircraft-characteristics-16-july-1959 <nowiki>[Avialogs]</nowiki> Standard Aircraft Characteristics of the F-105D]

=== References ===

* National Air and Space Museum. (n.d.). "Republic F-105D Thunderchief". Smithsonian. Retrieved December 24, 2021, from <nowiki>https://www.si.edu/object/republic-f-105d-thunderchief%3Anasm_A19820064000</nowiki>
* Swopes, B. (2021, August 10). "10 August 1961". This Day in Aviation. Retrieved December 24, 2021, from <nowiki>https://www.thisdayinaviation.com/10-august-1961/</nowiki>

{{AirManufacturer Republic}}
{{USA jet aircraft}}

ZLT11

2024-10-21T08:20:15Z

U153435799: Typo correction

{{Specs-Card
|code=cn_ztl_11
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''', or by its more well-known pre-2012 codename "ZTL11"* (Simplified Chinese: ZLT11式105毫米轮式突击炮; lit. wheeled assault gun), is the Chinese equivalent to MGS units in US Army service and now being used as the quick response vehicle of PLAGF heavy composite mechanized brigades or PLANMC's amphibious brigades. As Mainland China was developing wheeled chassis for mechanization of PLAGF, NORINCO brought up their BK1970 and 1990 prototypes as a wheeled assault gun with varieties of drivetrains (6x6; 8x8); although the prototypes did not make into service, the concept of more advanced wheeled APC/IFV was approved and was first used on export "VN" series APCs with the VN1 as the 8x8 solution from NORINCO. After the development of ZTD05 (now ZLT05) and its turret systems, the turret was likely been reused on the project to produce new 8x8 assault guns for PLAGF troops after the certification of ZBL08 family; the new assault gun was certified in 2011 and made its first public appearance in 2015, where later batches received AMT transmissions. All ZLT11 is currently in service with PLAGF and been exported to different African countries under the name ST1 until the new 8x8 IFV family which was discovered in late-2010s gets certification by the 2020s.

Introduced in [[Update "Ground Breaking"]] and becoming one of the new wheeled assault guns for PLAGF, ZLT11 is a member of the ZBL08 wheeled IFV chassis. It comes with a more powerful engine that pushes it to speeds on par with NATO vehicles (up to 100 km/h) and armed with a powerful 105 mm gun with a variety of ammunitions including high penetration APFSDS and gun-launched ATGMs, as well as boasting a gunner 2nd generation thermal sights, and the ability to travel up to 9 km/h in water. With quite some improvements in terms of protection over its predecessor the [[PTL02]], the arrival of this assault gun finally marks a Chinese wheeled vehicle comparable to its NATO counterparts.

<nowiki>*</nowiki>ZLT11 was the earliest "known" vehicle to use 2012 version of PLA equipment nomenclature, where {{Annotation|ZLT|Zhuāngjiǎ-Liǎng qī-Tújí}} means ''Armoured vehicle - Amphibious- Assault gun''

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The good news to players that suffered from PTL02's poor protection against HMGs is that ZLT11 has much more protection than the PTL02. At point blank range, even some 30 mm autocannon AP shells can't penetrate its frontal armour (rated for 23x152 mm shells),other than the vertical part of the hull, thanks to the thicker and more angled UFP and LFP. However, do not expect the sides or the rear to stop anything larger than 7.62 mm bullets with mere 10 mm plates. ZLT11 is more forgiving than PTL02 in most ways, but it is still a wheeled vehicle, so players should keep themselves away from heated battlefields.

Since the design of ZBL08 focused on comfort for the crew as well as better survivability, the 8x8 chassis is huge (in fact, just like PTL02, it's still taller than a [[Leopard 2A6]]); some might even compare it to [[Class 3 (P)]] and [[Radkampfwagen 90]] in terms of size. Like most other wheeled vehicles, due to its size and the layout of compartments, over-penetration would be commonplace for such vehicles and this is especially true against subcalibre shells where the spalling will not cause extensive damage to the crew. And thanks to its relatively large size and improved protection, it could survive hits from overpressure by smaller calibre HEAT or rockets, but any rocket bigger than 130 mm can still ruin your day with relative ease.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, turret)
* High hardness rolled armour (as add-on armour: UFP LFP, hull sides, turret front and sides)
* Wheel (tires)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 12+5 mm (75°) ''Upper glacis'' 20+10 mm ''Upper plate'' 20+10 mm ''Lower glacis'' || 10+10 mm ''Top'' 10 mm ''Bottom'' 5 mm ''Engine vents'' || 8 mm (2°) ''Upper plate'' 8 mm (52°) ''Lower glacis'' || 12+5 mm (15°) ''Front glacis'' 8 mm ''Crew and engine compartments'' 5 mm ''Engine vents''
|-
| Turret || 35-55 mm (32°) ''Turret front'' 30 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 25-35 mm (13-18°) || 25 mm (14°) 8 mm (77°) ''Turret underside'' || 10 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Tires are 10 mm thick and wheelwells are 8 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 15 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


The ZBL08 chassis has a Deutz BF6M1015FC V6 turbocharged diesel engine mounted at the rear of the chassis, outputting up to 440 hp, pushing ZLT11 up to 100 km/h and with a comparable power-to-weight ratio to [[Centauro I 120]] and [[Rooikat MTTD]]. However, due to the design of the transmission, the reverse is still at a horrible -8.5 km/h for a wheeled vehicle, barely outperforming its predecessor so overextending means a quick demise if you cannot retreat to safety at once.

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=697|rbMinHp=398}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|ZPL98A (105 mm)}}

The new and stabilized ZPT98A gun mounted on ZLT11 is a low-recoil gun based on the previous guns, which were based on the well-developed L7 family of rifled guns. It shares similar characteristics to the ZPL94 and its export cousin [[WMA301 (105 mm)|WMA301]], with on-par turret speed to his NATO counterparts yet the age-old problem of a poor depression angle still haunts ZLT11 so it can be troublesome if the terrain is complicated.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[ZPL98A (105 mm)|105 mm ZPL98A]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 40 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+18° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 24.8 || 34.3 || 41.6 || 46.0 || 48.9 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 15.5 || 18.2 || 22.1 || 24.4 || 26.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
For players who are used to [[WMA301]] or [[ZTZ59D1]], the gun has most of its shells interchangeable and performs the same on ZLT11.

During the late 1990s, Mainland China acquired 100 mm gun-launched ATGM technologies from Russia, so the ZLT11 also comes with a powerful GP105 tandem ATGM. The statistics are very similar to the 9M117M1 Bastion: good travel speed, high TNT equivalent, and a tandem warhead for bypassing ERA. Thankfully, the ZLT11 does not suffer from the BMP-3's massive reload penalty for ATGMs. The GP105's whopping 750 mm of penetration it can take down practically anything it will ever meet at its BR. This is less than the [[ZBD86]]'s HJ-73E ATGM, but still more than generous. As a beam-riding missile, the GP105 is immune to IRCM and can be guided on the move if necessary.

The Type 83 HEAT-FS round is nothing special. At its tier, the HEATFS is generally obsolete and it is the stock ammo for this vehicle, the only advantages over the APFSDS is the ability to cause overpressure damage through its explosive content, but the GP105 can perform the same role as well; in fact, the GP105 ATGM has a higher TNT equivalent than the HEATFS round.

The Type 83 APFSDS round, the first researchable kinetic round for this vehicle, is the same as found on the ZTZ59D1 and shares all its traits, which is still sufficient for its BR but it might struggle when it faces Russian MBTs with higher protection at longer ranges. For example, a fully spaded [[T-72A]] with the add-on armour can be difficult to penetrate outside of the standard Soviet weak spots of the driver's port and lower glacis.

The DTB-1 HE-VT round, seen previously on the [[T-69 II G]] and WMA301, can be useful to deal with helicopters or low-flying aircraft in very shallow dives. However, this should be done with caution since anything that flies is the last thing the WMA301 wants to face. For anti-helicopter duties, locate the target using the ZLT11's thermal sights, lase them with the laser rangefinder, and fire the round with enough lead to catch them comfortably within the proximity fuse radius. Keep in mind that DTB-1 has a rather low muzzle velocity and it is difficult to hit helicopters that are moving unpredictably and/or staying at long range.

The final kinetic round for this vehicle is the new DTW2 with higher velocity and nearly 150 mm more penetration than its predecessor. This is a common round which is still used by PLAGF at present with a whopping 491mm penetration at point blank range, just comes behind the infamous M900 round found on American vehicles. For its BR it can handle most enemies it might ever face, but T-72B series and later T-80U can be a very nasty enemy with their above-average protection without carefully placed shots. This will be the go-to shell for the vehicle, but bringing some HE-VT and ATGM for knocking down aircraft or higher tier MBTs is also viable.

{{:ZPL98A (105 mm)/Ammunition|Type-83 HEAT, Type-83 APDS, DTW2-105, BTM1, DTB-1, GP105}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''40''' || 28 ''(+12)'' || 12 ''(+28)'' || 1 ''(+39)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|QJC88A (12.7 mm)|QJT (5.8 mm)}}

The turret-mounted 12.7 mm QJC88A HMG has already become the standard HMG for most PLAGF vehicles after the 1990s and this assault gun was no exception. The main usage of the HMG is to deal with lightly protected vehicles and low-flying aircraft including helicopters. It can also effectively damage gun barrels, tracks, optics, MG, and ERA to assist teammates in destroying enemies, though this may require a lot of fire. Players who dealt with the paltry 50-round belt capacity of the 12.7 mm DShK machine guns of previous PLA vehicles will be happy to know that the QJC88A has a much more generous 150-round belt capacity.

However, instead of a traditional 7.62 mm Type 86 coaxial machine gun, ZLT11 has a 5.8 mm QJT machine gun. Although it's a smaller calibre at 5.8x42 mm, it still retains the same penetration from previous 7.62 mm machine gun. It only works well against any exposed crew of enemy vehicles and it might sometimes earn surprise kills on helicopters

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[QJC88A (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm QJC88A]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 600 (150) || 600 || -6°/+85° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[QJT (5.8 mm)|5.8 mm QJT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 800 (200) || 801 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

Speed is the ZLT11's best friend, being an 8x8 chassis, and thanks to a more powerful engine and revised transmission, it can reach a top speed of 100 km/h on road; alternatively the chassis has also designed for difficult terrains so it can still reach 40-50 km/h off road, just keep in mind that mud is always the enemy. Thanks to the pair of propellers behind the wheels and its acceptable weight, the vehicle is also amphibious, so in some maps you might be able to take a detour and strike the enemies with surprise. The protection up front is also sufficient to stop up to 30 mm autocannon APHE shells (aside from where the headlights are), which is a great improvement over PTL02.

With gunner TVD sights, players can search for enemies with ease; it has no commander override capability for the main gun, which is a bit of a let down and sometimes fatal if the vehicle gunnery system survived but not the gunner. The gun is fairly sufficient and sometimes even overkill for its tier, the new DTW2 APFSDS has the second best performance among all 105 mm darts, just comes behind US M900, this round can safely penetrate NATO tanks with ease. Soviet/Russian tanks are by nature tougher to deal with, so either plan your shots carefully for an ensured crew kill by aiming a bit more to either side of the weak spot of Soviet MBTs, or bring some GP105 ATGMs just in case; thanks to its beam riding guidance and no reload penalty, as well as run-and-shoot capabilities, GP105 can ruin the day of most vehicles it might face. Also, just like its Soviet ancestors, this can also be used for anti-rotorcraft missions. Alternatively, the DTB HE-VT shells can also be utilized for AA missions against rotorcrafts or low-flyers with its VT-fuzed warhead.

But all this comes at some cost: first, 8x8 chassis is huge compared even to the heaviest MBTs, and has a fairly big turning radius and ZLT11 is no exception due to only the front 2 pairs of wheels turn, so players of PTL02 might find the vehicle less agile over the previous vehicle, where all the 6 wheels turn; secondly, the reverse gear is still disappointing at a mere -8.5 km/h; and thirdly, the common problem of Warsaw Pact/Mainland China vehicles - its -5° depression angle, which can cause trouble at complicated terrains.

Overall, the playstyle of ZLT11 is fairly the same as their NATO counterparts and a major upgrade from PTL02: flank the enemies, unleash hell with these good ammunitions and speed; and scout for the team at the same time.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Overall better protection over its predecessor, can withstand HMG fire or even autocannon from a distance
* Powerful 105 mm gun with variety of ammunition, can frontally penetrate common foes like [[T-72A]], [[XM-1 (GM)|XM-1]] easily
* Fast forward on-road travelling speed at 100 km/h
* 2nd generation TVD for gunner
* Spacious hull that helps migrate spalling damage and sometimes overpenetration
* More versatile in terms on anti-aircraft weaponry with ATGMs or HE-VT shell
* Has a laser warning receiver

'''Cons:'''

* Very little armour, can be penetrated by any autocannon APDS and tank gun
* Less agile in terms of turning radius
* Horrible reverse speed at -8.5 km/h heavily limits its agility and survivability
* Huge target, larger & taller than even Western MBTs
* Insufficient -5° gun depression, eliminating lots of potential engagements
* Can still be overpressured by larger-calibre explosive ordnance
* Lack of commander override of main weapon

== History ==

Back in the 1990s, Mainland China was in need for a new wheeled APC family, with either 6x6 or 8x8 chassis. Among the 3 companies in competition, Factory 256 (NORINCO Chongqing Tiema) finalised their WZ551 6x6 design which was designed in the mid-1980s, and it was successfully commissioned under the name ZSL92 (and later [[PTL02]]/[[WMA301]] assault gun). While Factory 617 (NORINCO Inner Mongolia First Machinery) had themselves built a 6x6 assault gun under their factory codename BK1970, and later BK1990 with an 8x8 drivetrain, these designs didn't make it into service, but the experience gained in the process helped Factory 617 develop a new APC with a brand new transmission system. Later, in the 2000s, the designs were accepted by PLAGF and were approved for further development.<ref>http://www.mdc.idv.tw/mdc/army/china-8x8.htm ([https://web.archive.org/web/20211225145311/http://www.mdc.idv.tw/mdc/army/china-8x8.htm Archive])</ref>

Like WZ551 which was first developed for export markets, Factory 617 also developed their new APC family in such a way; the export VN series APC had a variety of drivetrains from 4x4 up to 8x8, numbered VN-1 to VN-3. It featured a modular design for the APC and some commercially available parts to reduce the production cost, such as the licensed Deutz BF6M1015FC engine. Instead of an angular hull design like its Chongqing competitor, the VN featured a sloped and streamlined hull which helped to deflect incoming shells, and was completed with an NBC system. Although it was designed as an export product, PLAGF also bought the VN-1 8x8 APC to boost the mechanization of the army, under the designation of ZBL08 (erroneously called ZBL09 before 2015). From this chassis, PLA developed multiple variants, such as the baseline ZBL08 IFV with 30 mm ZPT99 cannon and HJ-73E missiles; ZSL10 wheeled APC with heavy machine gun; PLL09 with PL96 (D-30) howitzer; and PGL12 scout car with 35 mm revolver cannon.

A major variant of the chassis is the ZLT11 assault gun, first publicly shown in the 70th anniversary of V-J Day in the 7th assault phalanx (coded TJ7xx) during the military parade. It mounts the ZPT98A low-recoil 105 mm cannon and the latest electronics, as well as applique armour bolted onto the chassis. This new wheeled assault gun is now the quick response vehicle of the new composite mechanized brigades of PLAGF, and also for the PLANMC, where the amphibious capability is heavily valued in case of possible landing operations against enemies.

While ZBL08 family has already become the cornerstone of the 2010s PLAGF combined forces, in the early 2020s, there were some images of new prototypes for an 8x8 assault gun appearing on semi-transporters, on-road or in CCTV official videos, featuring a brand-new FCS with CITV from ZTQ15 and rear/center-mounted turret, possibly with an autoloader as well; some even speculated for an remote weapon station with 12.7 mm HMG and 35 mm grenade launcher.<ref>https://www.163.com/dy/article/G1OS310R0535NL1E.html</ref>

=== [[wt:en/news/7366-development-zlt-11-rolling-punishment-en|Devblog]] ===
The ZLT-11 armoured combat vehicle is one of the vehicles, based on the modern Type 08 modular 8x8 wheeled chassis, currently in service with the People's Liberation Army of China. The vehicle replaced the six-wheeled PTL02, significantly surpassing it in terms of tactical and technical characteristics. The new wheelbase allows the vehicle to keep the high dynamics, while the ZLT-11 has enhanced protection from additional armour plates. Thanks to this, the vehicle is effectively protected from the fire of heavy machine guns, and even from light autocannons from the vehicle's front.

The main armament of the ZLT-11 is a 105 mm rifled cannon, created on the basis of the British L7 gun, that also has the ability to fire anti-tank guided missiles. The vehicle's fire control system includes a combined gunner's sight with a thermal imaging channel and a two-plane gun stabilizer. To overcome water obstacles, the machine is equipped with two propellers at the stern. In addition to the version for domestic use, an export version of the vehicle with a different composition of armament and equipment was also created on the basis of the ZLT-11. Export vehicles are mainly intended for deliveries to African countries.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=cn_ztl_11 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7366-development-zlt-11-rolling-punishment-en|[Devblog] ZLT-11: Rolling Punishment]]

=== References ===
<references />

{{TankManufacturer Norinco}}
{{China light tanks}}

[[Category:ATGM vehicles]]
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

ROS-132

2024-10-20T11:38:20Z

U153435799: adding wikipedia

== Description ==
[[File:WeaponImage ROS-132.png|thumb|left|420px|The ROS-132 rocket (scale is approximate)]]
{{Break}}
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===


* {{Specs-Link|po-2}}
* {{Specs-Link|po-2m}}

== General info ==
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the rocket.''

=== Effective damage ===
''Describe the type of damage produced by this type of rocket (high explosive, splash damage, etc)''

=== Comparison with analogues ===
''Give a comparative description of rockets that have firepower equal to this weapon.''

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe situations when you would utilise this rocket in-game (vehicle, pillbox, base, etc)''

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the article about the variant of the weapon;''
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RS-82_(rocket_family)#Variants

*

{{Rockets}}

[[Category:Suspended armaments]]

M18 GMC (China)

2024-10-20T08:27:08Z

U153435799: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = Chinese light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = M18 Hellcat (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=cn_m18_hellcat
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Chinese light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The {{PAGENAME}} has extremely thin armour throughout its construction. Therefore, a player with the M18 should throw away any notion of trying to survive a shot and instead aim to avoid being hit at all. With an open-top construction and the placement of certain crew members, even enemy machine gun rounds can knock out the crew members inside and lower combat efficiency.

The thin armour is both a blessing and a curse for the vehicle. It is a curse as it means the vehicle can suffer through the overpressure damage mechanics. A single HE shell has the potential of knocking out the M18 instantly regardless of calibre. It can however benefit the M18 if the enemy's kinetic round does not hit any module or crew member: the shell may go through and the M18 may end up with little damage. As such, there can be second chances for this vehicle, but this should not be relied upon as a combat strategy.

With five crew members, the M18 has a standard amount of crew to survive off of. Three are essential for combat efficiency: the gunner, loader, and driver. The commander operates the cupola machine gun and if knocked out, will cause the machine gun to no longer function. This will be a constant occurrence due to the position of the commander with the torso exposed above the turret, this allows enemy machine gun rounds to easily hit and incapacitate the commander.

The M18's module configuration is rather standard with the transmission in front and engine in the back. The spread out nature means there is more "wiggle room" for kinetic shells to hit and pass through the vehicle.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 12.7 mm (39-64°) ''Front glacis'' 12.7 mm (23-52°) ''Lower glacis'' || 12.7 mm (23-26°) ''Top'' 12.7 mm ''Bottom'' || 12.7 mm (12°) ''Top'' 12.7 mm (36°) ''Bottom'' || 8 mm
|-
| Turret || 25.4 mm (15-26°) ''Turret front'' 19 mm + 25.4 mm (0-55°) ''Gun mantlet''|| 12.7 mm (1-21°) || 12.7 mm (7°) || N/A ''Open-top'' 8 mm ''Bustle and Front''
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 15 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 5 mm thick.
* The hull underside right above the tracks are only 8 mm thick.
* Tracks are attached the turret rear, granting some 15 mm in thickness.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=620|rbMinHp=354}}

Though the previous section on armour may imply poor survivability, the {{PAGENAME}}'s shining trait is in its mobility. It produces enough engine horsepower to esaily speed around on the battlefield, quickly traversing through rough terrain to get to advantageous positions and ambush enemies that are just starting to get in the fight.

The vehicle displays great mobility when driving forwards and backwards, allowing it to perform quick exits from a dangerous position.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

As with every ground vehicle Parts and FPE are an absolute top priority. Following that, depending on player preferences, one of 3 should be researched: Horizontal Drive (close-range, flanking), Suspension (medium-range) or Adjustment of Fire (long-range of a typical engagements). Following this the goal is to get rank IV mobility improvements in order Filters -> Engine -> Transmission. On rank III, along the way, the Crew Replenishment should be prioritized, as its an open-top vehicle, so it will suffer significant causalities from enemy airplanes. If your preferred engagement range is above 700 m then the Elevation Mechanism should be researched. Otherwise: Mobility upgrades are the most important, shells are the lowest priority, as even the situational advantage of the M93 shot is not worth researching over improved mobility, or even accuracy.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M1 (76 mm)}}

The 76 mm M1 is an extremely capable gun with a high damage potential and a very good gun handling. It is one of the most widely used Anerican guns throughout this rank with M18 being the first tanks to use it - it gives it a very high staying power throughout this rank. Once upgraded, the turret has very fair guidance in both: horizontal and vertical axis allowing to quickly catch pot-shots, though given exceptional mobility of the platform even it struggles to catch up with the near-instant hull rotation.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M1 (76 mm)|76 mm M1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 45 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 22.8 || 31.6 || 38.4 || 42.5 || 45.2 || rowspan="2" | 7.93 || rowspan="2" | 7.02 || rowspan="2" | 6.47 || rowspan="2" | 6.10
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.3 || 16.8 || 20.4 || 22.6 || 24.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* M79 shot - {{Annotation|AP|Armour-Piercing}} - Stock round, has decent penetrative power but no explosive filler. Replace it by the M62 shell as soon as possible.
* M42A1 shell - {{Annotation|HE|High-Explosive fragmentation shell}} - The best round for dealing with unarmoured targets or unarmoured sections of vehicles. It should be used carefully, as everything over 10 mm armour can negate its effects.
* M62 shell - {{Annotation|APCBC|Armour-Piercing Capped Ballistic Capped}} - The best anti-tank shell. It has very good penetration and an excellent post-penetration effect.

{{:M1 (76 mm)/Ammunition|M79 shot, M42A1 shell, M62 shell, M88}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_M18_GMC.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''45''' || 37 ''(+8)'' || 27 ''(+18)'' || 17 ''(+28)'' || 9 ''(+36)'' || 1 ''(+44)'' || No
|-
|}

Turret empty: 37 ''(+8)''

When fighting in downtiers it's best to take only 17 shells, which allows the turret and sides of the tank to be empty of shells, notably increasing survivability. Otherwise, it doesn't matter how many rounds are loaded, as most hits against the tank will prove deadly regardless.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 800 (200) || 576 || -10°/+70° || ±60°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

Before all, avoid colourful or bright decals. Camouflage is the main part of the M18's defence. Chances for good performance in battle are: be "invisible", fast and effective.
The M18's speed is its best ally. This speed has to be used for flanking manoeuvres and relocate. Not for trying to cross an open field, that will leave it open to enemy fire, speed is not a substitute for armour.

'''Relocate:'''

* This movement will have to be done again and again. Choose a good spot wisely, remove the foliage if necessary to get a clear field of fire. When in the fire spot, use the gun depression and stay in a hull-down position until a target is located. Once a target is locked on, aim at critical components. Try to immobilize the enemy by firing at the engine or transmission, or remove their firepower by shooting the gun or breech, or for instant destruction with a shot to the ammo storage. The last option can work very well or not, as skilled players only carry a few rounds of ammo.

* If positive that the enemy hasn't discovered the firing spot, go for another shot. Stay attentive that none of the enemy's teammates has also located the firing spot. If detected, hide immediately and relocate.

'''Flanking:'''

* Flanking is the most dangerous manoeuvre of all because the vehicle will have to be exposed as it moves to the enemy's rear, but it is very effective when it's coordinated with other vehicles. A distraction is needed to gain the enemy's attention while the M18 makes its move. Isolated enemy units are very vulnerable to this tactic. Using the M18 speed to get to the rear and as the enemy heads toward the objective, the firing perspective should give a very clear view of the enemy's side armour. A good shot with the M62 APCBC shell could knock out the enemy rather quickly, but if using solid AP shots like the M79, aim at critical components on mobility and firepower before knocking out the crew or ammo stowage.

'''Avoid flat terrain'''

* Flat terrain means that the Hellcat will become an easy target for virtually any vehicle by exposure, especially when not moving or when moving in a straight line. Open plains are the bane of the Hellcat. Whenever possible, one should try to stay amongst hills.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Overall mobility is superb, with very responsive manoeuvring that allows the Hellcat to excel in flanking manoeuvres
* Fast reload speed and turret traverse
* M62 APCBC round has great penetration and lots of explosive fillers, rarely requiring more than one penetrating shot to kill common tanks like M4s, [[Tiger H1]] or [[Panzer V Panther (Family)|Panthers]]
* Low profile, reducing target size and allows it to hide behind small bushes or rocks easily
* The nature of its thin armour means AP rounds have a tendency to pass straight through without damaging modules, and an APHE fuze may not even be triggered. For example the Soviet 122 mm (mixed battle) will over-penetrate, dealing little damage
* M2 machine gun can shred apart light vehicles and aircraft

'''Cons:'''

* Thin armour means rapid-fire autocannons, heavy machine guns, and aerial weapons could easily shred it. Beware of the [[R3 T20 FA-HS]] and [[Wirbelwind]]
* Commander is exposed at the 0.50 calibre machine gun mount, and knocking him out would render the weapon useless
* Open-top construction means aerial strikes and artillery could rain havoc onto the crew
* Gun has poor penetration in an uptier, often can't penetrate anything frontally unless hitting a weak spot. The [[Ho-Ri Production|Ho-Ri]], [[Tiger II (H)]] and [[M26 (Family)|M26]] are frontally immune to this 76 mm M1
* Doesn't have access to APCR unlike its American counterpart
* Rarely reaches 50 km/h in Realistic Battles, even in a straight line, therefore can be outran by the Sd.Kfz.234 series or the [[R3 T20 FA-HS]]
* A moment of immobility due to a damaged engine or transmission could be a sign of impending doom for the M18
* Overpressure mechanics mean any explosions or well-aimed HEAT or HE rounds could instantly knock out the vehicle

== History ==


===US Tank Destroyer Doctrine===
The self-propelled anti-tank doctrine established by the US military called for fast, powerful vehicles able to stop the German blitzkrieg tactics by ambushing the attacking tank forces. This doctrine, known as the "Tank Destroyer Doctrine", called for anti-tank forces to be held in reserve to blunt the massed Panzer attacks that many in the War Department believed was the key to German victory in France in 1940. The concentration of antitank weaponry away from the frontline was eventually determined to be an unnecessary weakness, and the solution was to keep a few anti-tank guns in the front-line as the first defence, while a large reserve of mobile tank destroyers would move in at the location where a German tank breakthrough is happening to ambush and destroy the enemy forces. This role led to the desire for a fast vehicle with a powerful gun and mobility. Minimal emphasis was placed on armour, as the doctrinal role of tank destroyers was to respond rapidly to an enemy armoured breakthrough; heavy armour would only hinder a timely response. The development of a purpose-built tank destroyer languished in bureaucratic limbo for the early years of the war (a delay caused by poor designs such as the M5 Cletrac and bureaucratic infighting between the various departmental cliques), and consequently, the majority of self-propelled tank destroyers were expedients derived from the M4 Sherman chassis. The most common tank destroyer was the [[M10 GMC|M10 GMC]], made from the [[M4A2|M4 Sherman]] hull and armed with a 3-inch M1918 gun. Although perfectly capable and welcome addition for frontline forces, it was no faster than an ordinary Sherman tank. The tank destroyers would in 1944 finally receive their purpose-built self-propelled tank destroyer in 1944: the M18 Hellcat.<ref name="ZalogaM18" />

===Development===
The origin of the M18 design came as early as December 1941 with the requirement of a Christie suspension and a 37 mm gun. This requirement called for a radical new tank design rather than a derivative of the [[M4|M4 Sherman]]. These requirements changed as the war progressed, the first change was to the new and innovative Torsion bar suspension from Buick Motor Division from General Motors and another change was to mount the British [[Ordnance_QF_6-pounder_Mk.III_(57_mm)|QF 6-pounder gun]] then in use on their [[Churchill_Mk_III|Churchill Mark III]] tanks, the developed prototype vehicle was called the ''T49 GMC''. Then the US Army wanted the heavier [[M3_(75_mm)|75 mm gun]] used on the Shermans on it, this prototype was designated the ''T67 GMC''. Finally, the army decided to mount the [[M1_(76_mm)|76 mm gun]] also in development for the Sherman onto the prototype, now known as ''T70 GMC''. Changes to hull shape and turret took place to accommodate all these new requirements and armament, but it eventually was approved for service and finally renamed as the '''M18 GMC''' and started production in mid-1943, which went on until ending in October 1944 with 2,507 units produced. A variant called the ''M39 Armored Utility Vehicle'' was also produced, its turret was removed for space for cargo, 8 personnel, or to tow guns.

=== Service in ROC Armed Forces ===
The Korea War broke out in 1950 and soon China sent a volunteer army into Korea. The situation provided the background for United States strengthening its military alliance with Republic of China (ROC). As a result, the Military Assistance Advisory Group (MAAG) was sent to Taiwan and US began to supply ROC armed forces with surplus materials from WWII. The M18 "Hellcat" tank destroyers arrived in Taiwan in 1952 as the first batch of military assistance supplies. In fact, these Hellcats were listed as the first combat vehicles that US provided to ROC since 1949. A total number of 243 M18 tank destroyers were sent throughout the military aid operation. Those Hellcats were supplied to the Army and Marine Corps and soon became the backbone of the ROC combat forces. These tank destroyers took the places of outdated M3/M5 Stuarts and captured Japanese tanks, improving the fighting capacity of armoured forces significantly.
[[File:President Chiang and M18 "Hellcat".jpg|thumb|349x349px|President Chiang Kai-shek inspecting M18 hellcat of the Marine Corps.]]
The M18 tank destroyers saw multiple combats during its service in Taiwan. It served quite differently from the US military in the later stages of the European battlefield: For the fact that ROC Army and Marine Corps lacked tanks and other armoured vehicles at that time, the Hellcat tank destroyer often had to play the role of tanks and even self-propelled artillery. During the First Taiwan Strait Crisis (the Artillery battle of September 3rd), the tank destroyers stationed in Kinmen had a record of bombarding the PLA's broadcasting station on the mainland. By the time of Second Taiwan Strait Crisis (Artillery battle on August 23th), armoured vehicles and even the M1 90 mm anti-aircraft guns were mobilized to launch an artillery counterattack in the direction of Xiamen. Since the PLA did not initiate any amphibious assaults, the M18 Hellcat tank destroyer never had the chance of engaging armoured targets during service.

The M18 "Hellcat" tank destroyer stayed in the ROC Army and Marine Corps until the 1970s when its poor armour, outdated firepower and backwards fire control system no longer met the requirements of active service. Some Hellcats were transferred to the outer islands and served as stationary shore defense artilleries in fortifications. Since the original Wright R-975 engine became exhausted after the long service, the Army Ordnance Department planned a reutilization of M18 Hellcat turrets by assembling them onto the chassis of [[M42 (China)|M42]] SPAAG. The reutilization design was designated as a new light tank called [[M64|Type 64]]. A total number of 42 Type 64 light tanks were modified and equipped to the 751th Battalion of the 202th Armored Cavalry. The battalion was merged by 208th Armored Cavalry in August 1979 and stationed in Penghu. At the end of 1981, all Type 64 light tanks were decommissioned from service in Penghu depot. One of these modified vehicle is currently displayed at the Armored Forces School in Hukou, Taiwan in public.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=cn_m18_hellcat Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="150">
File:M18 GMC at Dali Environment Park.jpg|One of the very last M18 GMC in Taiwan, Dali Environmental Park, Taichung
</gallery>

== See also ==


* [[M64]]- Domestic assembled light tank from spare parts of M18 and M42 Duster.

== External links ==


=== References ===

;Citations
<references>
<ref name="ZalogaM18">Zaloga, S. (2004)</ref>
</references>

;Bibliography

* Zaloga, Stephen. (2004). M18 Hellcat Tank Destroyer 1943–97. Oxford: Osprey Publishing.

{{TankManufacturer Buick}}
{{China light tanks}}

Profile icons

2024-10-12T12:57:05Z

U153435799: the names of the real people is really useful and intresting, please keep them

<div class="specs_card_main"></div>__TOC__
'''Profile icons''' are images that can be used to decorate a player's profile.

Most icons can be obtained as follows:

* Participating in game events, for example, completing tasks;
* Performing in-game tasks, the conditions of which can be found by hovering the cursor over the desired icon in the game;
* Buying for [[Golden Eagles]];
* Buying from the [[War Thunder Market|Market]];
* Buying from the [[Warbonds|Warbond shop]].

Most profile icons are based on real images of real people. Where the person that the profile icon is depicting has been identified their name has been included below. Profile icons labelled as "(inspired)" are clearly inspired by an image of the person in question, but with fairly significant changes (for example a different background or changes to the person's appearance); other profile icons tend to be quite close recreations of a historical image, with minor alterations (e.g. a slight difference in pose).

{{clear}}

=== Icons ===

'''Indeterminate'''
<gallery mode="packed" heights="166">
File:Cardicon default.png|
File:Cardicon 01.png|
File:Cardicon 09.png|
File:Cardicon 10.png|
File:Cardicon 14.png|
File:Cardicon 18.png|
File:Cardicon fem 01.png|
File:Cardicon fem 04.png|
</gallery>

====USA====
<gallery mode="packed" heights="166">
File:Cardicon 02.png|BG. Charles E. "Chuck" Yeager
File:Cardicon 04.png|MAJ. William Clark Gable
File:Cardicon 05.png|LT. Gerard J. Glaza
File:Cardicon 06.png|CAPT. George D. Green
File:Cardicon 12.png|CAPT. Harold L. Spears
File:Cardicon 13.png|CAPT. William B. Overstreet Jr.
File:Cardicon 15.png|
File:Cardicon 21.png|LT. Donald K. Willis
File:Cardicon 26.png|
File:Cardicon 28.png|
File:Cardicon afro 01.png|LT. Leroy Bowman
File:Cardicon afro 02.png|LT. Charles P. Bailey Sr.
File:Cardicon afro 03.png|LTC. Paul Adams
File:Cardicon afro 04.png|LT. William A. Johnston
File:Cardicon afro 05.png|LT. James A. Wilson
File:Cardicon afro 06.png|
File:Cardicon fem 02.png|LTC. Nancy H. Love
File:Cardicon fem 06.png|WASP, Unkown pilot, 1943
File:Cardicon fem 07.png|WASP. Margaret P. Taylor
File:Cardicon fem 08.png|
File:Cardicon tanker us 01.png|
File:Cardicon tanker us 02.png|
File:Cardicon tanker us 03.png|
File:Cardicon tanker us 04.png|
File:Cardicon tanker us 05.png|
File:Cardicon tanker us 06.png|SGT. Curtis Kalin
File:Cardicon tanker us 07.png|MG. George S. Patton, Jr.
File:Cardicon sailor usa 01.png|Unknown petty officer second class
File:Cardicon sailor usa 02.png|
File:Cardicon sailor usa 03.png|
File:Cardicon sailor usa 04.png|Jorge H. Vargas
File:Cardicon sailor usa 05.png|William D. Weaver
File:Cardicon tanker us modern 01.png|SGT. J. S. Lebow
File:Cardicon fem us modern 01.png|
File:Cardicon usa modern 01.png|
</gallery>

====Germany====
<gallery mode="packed" heights="166">
File:Cardicon 30.png|LT. Hans-Arnold Stahlschmidt
File:Cardicon 08.png|LTG. Adolf J. F. Galland
File:Cardicon tanker ger 01.png|
File:Cardicon tanker ger 02.png|
File:Cardicon tanker ger 03.png|
File:Cardicon tanker ger 04.png|
File:Cardicon tanker ger 05.png|
File:Cardicon tanker ger 06.png|Jagdpanther crewman during Allied invasion of France, June 1944
File:Cardicon tanker ger 07.png|Pz.III tank commander, Eastern Front
File:Cardicon tanker ger 08.png|Tank commander, Northern France 1943
File:Cardicon sailor germany 01.png|
File:Cardicon sailor germany 02.png|Seaman. Otto Schenk
File:Cardicon sailor germany 03.png|Seaman. Georg Gleim 
File:Cardicon sailor germany 04.png|LTC. Georg Schewe
File:Cardicon sailor germany 05.png|COL. Werner Hartmann
File:Cardicon tanker ger modern 01.png|
File:Cardicon fem ger modern 01.png|
File:Cardicon ger modern 01.png|
</gallery>

====USSR====
<gallery mode="packed" heights="166">
File:Cardicon 17.png|COL. Aleksey E. Molodchinin
File:Cardicon 20.png|LTC. Vladimir M. Dmitriev
File:Cardicon fem 03.png|CAPT. Mariya I. Dolina
File:Cardicon fem 05.png|
File:Cardicon tanker ussr 01.png|
File:Cardicon tanker ussr 02.png|CPL. F. Lazarev
File:Cardicon tanker ussr 03.png|Vitaly Petrenko
File:Cardicon tanker ussr 04.png|SGT. N. Ananin
File:Cardicon tanker ussr 05.png|
File:Cardicon tanker ussr 06.png|LT. I.M. Shakhray
File:Cardicon tanker ussr 07.png|LT. Vladimir P. Khazov
File:Cardicon sailor ussr 01.png|Nikolai Starchay
File:Cardicon sailor ussr 03.png|P.I. Ischenko
File:Cardicon sailor ussr 04.png|Alexander I. Gurin
File:Cardicon sailor ussr 05.png|Sailor from the Danube Flotilla, 1940s
File:Cardicon sailor ussr 06.png|Sailor from the Danube Flotilla, 1940s
File:Cardicon tanker ussr modern 01.png|Dmitry pseudonym "Krasya"
File:Cardicon fem ru modern 01.png|Major Svetlana Protasova
File:Cardicon ussr modern 01.png|
</gallery>

====Britain====
<gallery mode="packed" heights="166">
File:Cardicon 03.png|
File:Cardicon 07.png|COL. Frank R. Carey
File:Cardicon 11.png|LT. Thomas B. Spink
File:Cardicon 16.png|
File:Cardicon 19.png|BG. Stanisław Skalski
File:Cardicon 22.png|LTC. John J. Mooney
File:Cardicon 27.png|
File:Cardicon 31.png|CAPT. Eric S. Lock
File:Cardicon 32.png|LTC. Brendan E. F. Finucane
File:Cardicon tanker uk 01.png|MG. Stanisław Maczek
File:Cardicon tanker uk 02.png|FM. Bernard L. Montgomery
File:Cardicon tanker uk 03.png|PVT. E. McGuinness
File:Cardicon tanker uk 04.png|LT. Rea Leakey
File:Cardicon sailor uk 01.png|
File:Cardicon sailor uk 02.png|E. Chester Avery
File:Cardicon sailor uk 03.png|LS. George Griffiths
File:Cardicon sailor uk 04.png|ADM. William G. Tennant
File:Cardicon sailor uk 05.png|OD. Enos "Eddie" Fellows
File:Cardicon tanker uk modern 01.png|
File:Cardicon fem uk modern 01.png|Juliette Fleming (inspired)
File:Cardicon uk modern 01.png|LT. Ian Thomson
</gallery>

====Japan====
<gallery mode="packed" heights="166">
File:Cardicon 23.png|sLT. Fumihiro Mitsuyama
File:Cardicon 24.png|LT. Saburo Sakai
File:Cardicon 25.png|LT. Yukio Seki
File:Cardicon jp 01.png|WO. Nobuo Fujita
File:Cardicon jp 02.png|LT. Saburo Sakai
File:Cardicon jp 03.png|
File:Cardicon tanker jp 01.png|Tank commander of 7th Sasebo SNLF, Tarawa Island 1942
File:Cardicon tanker jp 02.png|LTG. Renya Mutaguchi
File:Cardicon sailor japan 01.png|Yokosuka SNLF Marine
File:Cardicon sailor japan 02.png|Unknown rear admiral
File:Cardicon sailor japan 03.png|Unknown seaman first class
File:Cardicon sailor japan 04.png|
File:Cardicon sailor japan 05.png|Unknown rear admiral
File:Cardicon tanker jp modern 01.png|
File:Cardicon fem jp modern 01.png|1st Lt. Misa Matsushima
File:Cardicon jp modern 01.png|
</gallery>

====China====
<gallery mode="packed" heights="166">
File:Cardicon cn 01.png|Mo Zhongrong, 1944
File:Cardicon cn 02.png|Gong Yeti
File:Cardicon tanker cn 01.png|M4A4 Sherman crew of 1st PTG, CBI Theater
File:Cardicon tanker cn 02.png|M4A4 Sherman crew of 1st PTG, CBI Theater
File:Cardicon tanker cn modern 01.png|Type 96A crew in 2015 Tank Biathlon
File:Cardicon fem cn modern 01.png|
File:Cardicon cn modern 01.png|
</gallery>

====Italy====
<gallery mode="packed" heights="166">
File:Cardicon it 01.png|BG. Mario Bellagambi
File:Cardicon it 02.png|Unknown C.202 pilot of 21º Gruppo Caccia, Eastern Front
File:Cardicon tanker it 01.png|M13/40 crew in January 1942
File:Cardicon tanker it 02.png|Crew of an L3/35, 1941
File:Cardicon tanker it 03.png|Tank crew of 132ª D.C. "Ariete", El Alamein 1942
File:Cardicon tanker it 04.png|M13/40 crew in January 1942
File:Cardicon sailor italy 02.png|
File:Cardicon sailor italy 03.png|
File:Cardicon sailor italy 04.png|
File:Cardicon sailor italy 05.png|
File:Cardicon sailor italy 06.png|
File:Cardicon tanker it modern 01.png|
File:Cardicon fem it modern 01.png|Pamela Sabato (inspired)
File:Cardicon it modern 01.png|
</gallery>

====France====
<gallery mode="packed" heights="166">
File:Cardicon fr 01.png|LT. Max Vinçotte
File:Cardicon fr 02.png|CAPT. Albert Littolff
File:Cardicon tanker fr 01.png|
File:Cardicon tanker fr 02.png|
File:Cardicon sailor france 01.png|
File:Cardicon sailor france 02.png|
File:Cardicon sailor france 03.png|
File:Cardicon sailor france 04.png|
File:Cardicon sailor france 05.png|
File:Cardicon tanker fr modern 01.png|AMX-30 tank commander during maneuvers, France 1976
File:Cardicon fem fr modern 01.png|
File:Cardicon fr modern 01.png|
</gallery>

====Sweden====
<gallery mode="packed" heights="166">
File:Cardicon sw 01.png|Unknown B17 pilot
File:Cardicon tanker sw 01.png|
File:Cardicon tanker sw modern 01.png|Strv 122 crew of Wartofta Tank Company, Skaraborg Regiment, 2018
File:Cardicon fem tanker sw 01.png|CPL. Josefine Eliassen
File:Cardicon fem sw modern 01.png|
File:Cardicon sw modern 01.png|Lt Gen Lars-Erik Englund entering a J29 of the F16 Uppland Wing, 1950s
</gallery>

====Israel====
<gallery mode="packed" heights="166">
File:Cardicon il 01.png|
File:Cardicon il 02.png|
File:Cardicon tanker il 01.png|
File:Cardicon tanker il 02.png|
<gallery mode="packed" heights="166">
File:Cardicon tanker il modern 01.png|
File:Cardicon fem il modern 01.png|
File:Cardicon il modern 01.png|
</gallery>

=== [[wt:en/news/3480--en|Thunder League]] ===
<gallery mode="packed" heights="166">
File:Cardicon thunder league 01.png|MAJ. Bolesław M. Gładych
File:Cardicon thunder league 02.png|SGT. Kurt Knispel
File:Cardicon thunder league 03.png|SGT. Mariya V. Oktyabrskaya
</gallery>

=== Events ===
<gallery mode="packed" heights="166">
File:Cardicon_28_panfilovcev.png|[[wt:en/news/4337-event-celebrate-panfilov-s-28-movie-premiere-en|"Panfilov's 28" premiere 2016]]
File:Cardicon combat.png|[[wt:en/news/4868-marathon-operation-s-u-m-m-e-r-awards-together-en|Operation S.U.M.M.E.R. 2017]]
File:Cardicon sailor ussr 02.png|Viktor D. Kuskov [[wt:en/news/6037-event-sea-voyage-en|Sea Voyage 2019]]
File:Cardicon_cosmonaut_ussr_01.png|Yuri Gagarin [[wt:en/news/6675-special-award-for-record-breakers-en|Cosmonautics Day 2020]]
File:Cardicon tanker sw modern 02.png|Minotaur Commander [[Warfare 2077]]
File:Cardicon 33 animal.png|Fox Pilot [[wt:en/news/7112-event-tailspin-a-new-milestone-in-the-development-of-the-game-en|Tail Spin 2021]]
File:Cardicon 34 animal.png|Bear Pilot [[wt:en/news/7112-event-tailspin-a-new-milestone-in-the-development-of-the-game-en|Tail Spin 2021]]
File:Cardicon 33.png|Pirate "Cunning" [[wt:en/news/7582-event-the-tailspin-is-back-en|Tail Spin 2022]]
File:Cardicon 34.png|Pirate "Sullen" [[wt:en/news/7582-event-the-tailspin-is-back-en|Tail Spin 2022]]
File:Cardicon desert 01.png|Burnie Malleck [[wt:en/news/7632-event-april-fool-s-event-en/|Worm Thunder: Children of Arachis]]
File:Cardicon desert 02.png|Prince of House Hawk [[wt:en/news/7632-event-april-fool-s-event-en/|Worm Thunder: Children of Arachis]]
File:Cardicon desert 03.png|Kanaan Denali [[wt:en/news/7632-event-april-fool-s-event-en/|Worm Thunder: Children of Arachis]]
File:Cardicon desert cinnamon 01.png|[[wt:en/news/7632-event-april-fool-s-event-en/|Worm Thunder: Children of Arachis]]
File:Cardicon desert cinnamon 02.png|[[wt:en/news/7632-event-april-fool-s-event-en/|Worm Thunder: Children of Arachis]]
File:Cardicon desert cinnamon 03.png|[[wt:en/news/7632-event-april-fool-s-event-en/|Worm Thunder: Children of Arachis]]
File:Cardicon woman scout.png|Girl scout [[wt:en/news/7796-event-summer-quest-en|Summer Quest 2022]]
File:Cardicon newyear 23.png|Winter pilot [[wt:en/news/8021-event-winter-quest-en|Winter Quest 2023]]
File:Cardicon football marathon 2023.png|"Tiger" team driver [[wt:en/news/8149-event-tank-football-2023-en|Tank Football 2023]]
File:Cardicon combat exoskeleton.png|Mobile Warrior [[wt:en/news/8175-event-mobile-infantry-event-en|Mobile Infantry Event]]
File:Cardicon_atomic_thunder_left.png|Twin Left [[wt:en/news/8352-event-combat-robots-of-atomic-heart-come-to-war-thunder-en|Atomic Thunder]]
File:Cardicon_atomic_thunder_right.png|Twin Right [[wt:en/news/8352-event-combat-robots-of-atomic-heart-come-to-war-thunder-en|Atomic Thunder]]
File:Cardicon biker girl.png|MotoLady [[wt:en/news/8384-event-summer-extreme-en|Summer Extreme 2023]]
File:Cardicon night soldier.png|{{Annotation|Special Forces Soldier|USA 1st Platoon A Company}} [[wt:en/news/8564-roadmap-following-the-roadmap-skill-bonuses-in-rp-selectable-night-battles-en|Night Battles]]
File:Cardicon night pilot.png|{{Annotation|Night Hunter|US 415 Spec Ops Squadron}} [[wt:en/news/8564-roadmap-following-the-roadmap-skill-bonuses-in-rp-selectable-night-battles-en|Night Battles]]
File:Cardicon uboat captain.png|U-boat Commander [[wt:en/news/8568-event-battle-of-the-atlantic-ships-against-submarines-en|Battle of the Atlantic]]
File:Cardicon santa claus.png|Santa Claus [[wt:en/news/8644-event-winter-extreme-earn-yourself-rewards-this-festive-season-en|Christmas Chest 2023]]
File:Cardicon winter marathon 2024.png|Snowboarder [[wt:en/news/8644-event-winter-extreme-earn-yourself-rewards-this-festive-season-en|Winter Extreme 2024]]
File:Cardicon dogfighting pilot.png|Dogfighting Pilot [[wt:en/news/8743-event-earn-the-jaguar-is-in-the-sword-of-justice-event-en|Sword of Justice 2024]]
File:Cardicon football marathon 2024.png|Dragon Team Driver [[wt:en/news/8812-event-tank-football-2024-en|Tank Football 2024]]
File:Cardicon loot carrier driver.png|Interceptor driver [[wt:en/news/8839-event-mad-thunder-rage-and-loot-en|Mad Thunder 2024]]
File:Cardicon jalil zandi.png|Jalil Zandi [[wt:en/news/9005-event-get-the-iranian-f-14a-iriaf-in-the-persian-tomcat-event-en|Persian Tomcat 2024]]
File:Cardicon arthur waller.png|Arthur Craig Waller [[wt:en/news/9042-event-get-hms-barham-in-the-steel-baron-event-en|Steel Baron 2024]]
</gallery>

;Area 88

[https://warthunder.dmm.com/news/detail/8800 TV anime version "Area 88" (Original: Kaoru Shintani) × "War Thunder" collaboration]
<gallery mode="packed" heights="166">
File:Cardicon area88 boris.png|Boris
File:Cardicon_area88_greggates.png|Greg Gates
File:Cardicon_area88_gustav.png|Gustav Tanherm
File:Cardicon_area88_helicopterpilot.png|
File:Cardicon_area88_kimaba.png|Kim Aba
File:Cardicon_area88_kitoriparvaneh.png|Kitori Palvanaff
File:Cardicon_area88_makotoshinjo.png|Makato Shinjo
File:Cardicon_area88_mccoy.png|
File:Cardicon_area88_mickeysimon.png|Micky Simon
File:Cardicon_area88_roundel.png|Maj. Roundell
File:Cardicon_area88_sakivashtar.png|Saki Vashtar
File:Cardicon_area88_satorukanzaki.png|Satoru Kanzaki
File:Cardicon_area88_shinkazama.png|Shin Kazama
</gallery>

=== [[Battle Pass]] ===
<gallery mode="packed" heights="166">
File:Cardicon experienced shooter.png|Skilled Marksman [[Battle Pass: Season XVI, "Skilled Marksman"]]
File:Cardicon sw famale.png|Valkyrie [[Battle Pass: Season XV, "Northern King"]]
File:Cardicon paratrooper.png|US Paratrooper [[Battle Pass: Season XIV, "Airborne General"]]
File:Cardicon strikemaster pilot.png|{{Annotation|Strikemaster pilot|Pilot of Strikemaster Mk 88 VH-ONP (ex-RNZAF 6371), Australia 1994-2006}} [[Battle Pass: Season XIII, "Tropical Storm"]]
File:Cardicon bundeswehr infantryman.png|Bundeswehr infantryman [[Battle Pass: Season XII, "Armour Breaking Ambusher"]]
File:Cardicon_hussar.png|Hussar squadron officer [[Battle Pass: Season XI, "Her Majesty's Hussar"]]
File:Cardicon_royal_guardsman.png|Royal Guardsman [[Battle Pass: Season X, "Royal Guard"]]
File:Cardicon_flametrooper.png|Flametrooper [[Battle Pass: Season IX, "Smell of Victory"]]
File:Cardicon_test_driver.png|Test driver [[Battle Pass: Season VIII, "Field Testing"]]
File:Cardicon_gasmask.png|Tanker in a gas mask [[Battle Pass: Season VII, "Armoured Elephant"]]
File:Cardicon assault.png|Attacker pilot [[Battle Pass: Season VI, "Firepower"]]
File:Cardicon_swimmer.png|Combat Swimmer [[Battle Pass: Season V, "River Hunter"]]
File:Cardicon_fr_legioner.png|Veteran of French Legion [[Battle Pass: Season IV, "Fearless Voltigeur"]]
File:Cardicon_poddubny.png|Ivan Poddubny [[Battle Pass: Season III, "Strength athletics"]]
File:Cardicon_option.png|Centurion [[Battle Pass: Season II, "Steel Centurion"]]
File:Cardicon_legioner.png|Legioner [[Battle Pass: Season II, "Steel Centurion"]]
File:Cardicon general 01.png|Arthur Tedder [[Battle Pass: Season I, 75th Anniversary of the Great Victory]]
File:Cardicon general 02.png|Omar Bradley [[Battle Pass: Season I, 75th Anniversary of the Great Victory]]
File:Cardicon general 03.png|George S. Patton [[Battle Pass: Season I, 75th Anniversary of the Great Victory]]
File:Cardicon general 04.png|Konstantin Rokossovsky [[Battle Pass: Season I, 75th Anniversary of the Great Victory]]
File:Cardicon_general_05.png|Georgy Zhukov [[Battle Pass: Season I, 75th Anniversary of the Great Victory]]
File:Cardicon general 06.png|Bernard Montgomery [[Battle Pass: Season I, 75th Anniversary of the Great Victory]]
</gallery>

=== Pages of History ===
<gallery mode="packed" heights="166">
File:Cardicon lev roshchin.png|Lev Mikhailovich Roshchin [[wt:en/news/9038-event-pages-of-history-september-attacker-ace-en|September 2024]]
File:Cardicon raymond dronne.png|Raymond Dronne [[wt:en/news/9004-event-pages-of-history-august-the-first-in-paris-en|August 2024]]
File:Cardicon james gavin.png|James Maurice Gavin [[wt:en/news/8964-event-pages-of-history-july-the-jumping-general-en|July 2024]]
File:Cardicon hobart.png|Percy Hobart [[wt:en/news/8913-event-pages-of-history-june-the-military-engineer-en|June 2024]]
File:Cardicon sorokin.png|Semyon Sorokin [[wt:en/news/8871-event-pages-of-history-may-for-victory-en|May 2024]]
File:Cardicon kosmodemyansky.png|Aleksandr Kosmodemyansky [[wt:en/news/8832-event-pages-of-history-april-for-zoya-en|April 2024]]
File:Cardicon jan zumbach.png|Jan Zumbach [[wt:en/news/8761-event-pages-of-history-march-on-wings-of-war-en|March 2024]]
File:Cardicon esmonde.png|Eugene Esmonde [[wt:en/news/8713-event-pages-of-history-february-through-a-storm-en|February 2024]]
File:Cardicon william shomo.png|William Arthur Shomo [[wt:en/news/8680-event-pages-of-history-january-ace-in-a-day-en|January 2024]]
File:Cardicon mikhailova.png|Ekaterina Mikhailova [[wt:en/news/8602-event-pages-of-history-december-the-heroic-nurse-en|December 2023]]
File:Cardicon john campbell.png|John Campbell [[wt:en/news/8500-event-pages-of-history-november-en|November 2023]]
File:Cardicon john basilone.png|John Basilone [[wt:en/news/8495-event-pages-of-history-october-en|October 2023]]
File:Cardicon rosa shanina.png|Roza Shanina [[wt:en/news/8426-event-pages-of-history-september-en|September 2023]]
File:Cardicon_david_currie.png|David Currie [[wt:en/news/8366-event-pages-of-history-august-en|August 2023]]
File:Cardicon_desmond_doss.png|Desmond Doss [[wt:en/news/8331-event-pages-of-history-july-en|July 2023]]
File:Cardicon nikolai gastello.png|Nikolai Gastello [[wt:en/news/8281-event-pages-of-history-june-en|June 2023]]
File:Cardicon_meliton_kantaria.png|Meliton Kantaria [[wt:en/news/8208-event-pages-of-history-may-en|May 2023]]
File:Cardicon gerard roope.png|Gerard Roope [[wt:en/news/8167-event-pages-of-history-april-en|April 2023]]
File:Cardicon reginald mitchell.png|Reginald Mitchell [[wt:en/news/8124-event-pages-of-history-march-en|March 2023]]
File:Cardicon norman schwarzkopf.png|Norman Schwarzkopf [[wt:en/news/8073-event-pages-of-history-february-en|February 2023]]
File:Cardicon dmitry osatyuk.png|Dmitry Osatyuk [[wt:en/news/8037-event-pages-of-history-january-en|January 2023]]
File:Cardicon_gregory_boyington.png|Gregory Boyington [[wt:en/news/7981-event-pages-of-history-december-en|December 2022]]
File:Cardicon marcel albert.png|Marcel Albert [[wt:en/news/7926-event-pages-of-history-november-en|November 2022]]
File:Cardicon_avigdor_ben_gal.png|Avigdor Ben-Gal [[wt:en/news/7888-event-pages-of-history-october-en|October 2022]]
File:Cardicon marcario garcia.png|Marcario García [[wt:en/news/7837-event-pages-of-history-september-en|September 2022]]
File:Cardicon_alexandra_samusenko.png|Aleksandra Samusenko [[wt:en/news/7789-event-pages-of-history-august-en|August 2022]]
File:Cardicon_charles_upham.png|Charles Upham [[wt:en/news/7755-event-pages-of-history-july-en|July 2022]]
File:Cardicon richard winters.png|Richard Winters [[wt:en/news/7689-event-pages-of-history-june-en|June 2022]]
File:Cardicon mikhail egorov.png|Mikhail Yegorov [[wt:en/news/7664-event-pages-of-history-may-en|May 2022]]
File:Cardicon john lavarack.png|John Lavarack [[wt:en/news/7629-event-pages-of-history-april-en|April 2022]]
</gallery>

=== Promotional ===
<gallery mode="packed" heights="166">
File:Cardicon sailor italy 01.png|[[wt:en/news/6690-development-italian-fleet-early-access-packs-en|Geniere pre-order]]
File:Cardicon us navy commander.png|[[wt:en/news/8107-development-pre-order-uss-ca-134-des-moines-1948-heavy-cruiser-en|USS Des Moines pre-order]]
File:Cardicon fr captain cruiser.png|[[wt:en/news/8127-development-french-navy-light-cruiser-duguay-trouin-en|Duguay-Trouin pre-order]]
File:Cardicon_ancient_slav.png|Ancient Slav "Feat of the Ancestors" Pack
File:Cardicon lizard.png|Lizard Commander "Lizard technologies" Bundle
File:Cardicon dobrinya.png|Dobrynya "MGE" Bundle
File:Cardicon_esportsman.png|eSportman [[wt:en/news/8330-esport-rankings-challenge-2023-grand-finals-and-twitch-drops-en|2023 Ranked Championship]]
File:Cardicon tanker us p.png|Wingman [[wt:en/news/8405-a-sound-of-thunder-the-release-of-war-thunder-mobile-en|War Thunder Mobile global release]]
File:Cardicon chinese military.png|PLA officer [[wt:en/news/8501-special-shop-discounts-type-69-iia-back-for-ge-a-decal-for-the-national-day-of-the-prc-en|National Day of the PRC 2023 discount bundles]]
File:Cardicon lydia litvyak.png|Lydia Litvyak [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jKHpec-yFKM RADIO TAPOK - Белая Лилия affiliate link]
File:Cardicon wilson.png|J.S. Wilson [[wt:en/news/8844-market-were-rewarding-authors-whose-work-has-been-included-in-camouflage-trophies-en|Marketplace camouflage creators]]
File:Cardicon esport drops.png|Esports pilot [[wt:en/news/8738-esport-watch-thunder-cup-2024-and-receive-unique-prizes-from-twitch-drops-en|2024 Thunder CUP]]
File:Cardicon armored apex man.png|Apex Predator [[wt:en/news/8984-esport-watch-armored-apex-2024-and-receive-unique-prizes-from-twitch-drops-en|2024 Armored Apex]]
File:Cardicon armored apex woman.png|Apex Valkyrie [[wt:en/news/8984-esport-watch-armored-apex-2024-and-receive-unique-prizes-from-twitch-drops-en|2024 Armored Apex]]
</gallery>

=== Removed ===
[[wt:en/game/changelog/current/1466|7 March 2023]]
<gallery mode="packed" heights="166">
File:Cardicon fr captain cruiser (1).png|Old [[wt:en/news/8127-development-french-navy-light-cruiser-duguay-trouin-en|Duguay-Trouin pre-order]]
</gallery>

28 December 2022

<gallery mode="packed" heights="166">
File:Cardicon fem cn modern 01 (1).png
</gallery>

8 September 2021

<gallery mode="packed" heights="166">
File:Cardicon cn modern 01 (1).png
</gallery>

Unknown
<gallery mode="packed" heights="166">
File:Cardicon 29.png| Hauptmann Hans-Joachim “Jochen” Marseille
</gallery>

[[wt:en/game/changelog/current/1108|27 May 2020]]
<gallery mode="packed" heights="166">
File:Cardicon_tanker_us_modern_01_old.png|Old SGT. J. S. Lebow 
File:Cardicon_tanker_ger_modern_01_(1).png
File:Cardicon_tanker_ussr_modern_01_(1).png
File:Cardicon_tanker_uk_modern_01_(1).png
File:Cardicon_tanker_jp_modern_01_old(1).png
File:Cardicon_tanker_cn_modern_01_(1).png
File:Cardicon_tanker_it_modern_01_(1).png
File:Cardicon_tanker_fr_modern_01_(1).png
File:Cardicon_tanker_sw_modern_01_(1).png
File:Cardicon_fem_tanker_sw_01_(1).png|Old CPL. Josefine Eliassen 
</gallery>

[[ru:Иконки_профиля]]
[[Category:Achievements]]

MH-60L DAP

2024-08-21T10:23:10Z

U153435799: Fixing errors

{{About
| about = American Attack Helicopter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = AH-60 (Israel)
}}{{Specs-Card
|code=mh_60l_dap
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

By the end of the 1960s, the US Army had begun to formulate requirements for a military transport helicopter to replace the [[UH-1 (Family)|UH-1 Iroquois]]. Sikorsky engineers proposed their S-70 prototype (YUH-60) which, competing against the Boeing-Vertol Model 179 (YUH-61), was selected for serial production under the designation UH-60 Black Hawk. The new helicopter began to enter service in 1979 and subsequently underwent several upgrades and was produced in a huge number of modifications. In 1987, the Army placed an order for an improved armed version, the '''MH-60L''', with more powerful engines and the ability to mount external weapons.

Some of the modernized MH-60L helicopters were subsequently further modified at the request of special operations forces. They were able to carry rocket pods, AGM-114 Hellfire ATGMs, air-to-air missiles, as well as other heavy weapons. Moreover, the troop-carrying cabin was reconfigured: the seats remained only for the onboard gunners, and an additional fuel tank was located in the rear. Helicopters of this version received the designation '''DAP''' (Direct Action Penetrator).

Introduced in [[Update "Kings of Battle"]], the MH-60L DAP is a specialized gunship helicopter. It still looks largely like a utility helicopter with an unmodified crew cabin but features large stub wings with four reinforced pylons. The DAP has a very similar arsenal and payload to the [[AH-64D|AH-64D Apache Longbow]], mainly relying on powerful AGM-114K Hellfire II ATGMs, APKWS guided rockets, and ATAS air-to-air missiles at a slightly lower battle rating than the Apache Longbow. Although it obviously lacks the armour protection and internal gun of a purpose-designed attack helicopter, the DAP has some armament and subsystem advantages over the contemporary [[AH-64A|A-model Apache]] and is a solid, memorable option for helicopter fans.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Heli-Flight}}


The MH-60 has generally pleasant flight performance and handling. The top speed is lower than the Apache and most other top rank attack helicopters, but this typically won't make a difference in gameplay outside of close-range rushing attacks.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at _,___ m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| ___ || ___ || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}}
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Heli-Armour}}


The MH-60L has very limited armour protection, only boasting protected composite seats for the two crew members. There is no bulletproof glass to speak of and the Black Hawk's wide transport cabin is a bigger target for gunfire than the slim profile of the [[AH-1W]] for example. Most of the cabin is empty, so a spray of incoming machine gun fire might not hit much of importance if the crew is unscathed, but there are a pair of large fuel tanks at the rear that are vulnerable to damage.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Heli-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Cross}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Heli-Offensive}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** 90 x countermeasures
** 90 x countermeasures + IRCM

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Heli-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* Without load
* 8 x ATAS (AIM-92) missiles
* 28 x APKWS II (M151) missiles
* 28 x APKWS II (M282) missiles
* 4 x AGM-114K Hellfire II missiles
* 8 x AGM-114K Hellfire II missiles
* 16 x AGM-114K Hellfire II missiles
* 38 x Hydra-70 M247 rockets + 4 x AGM-114K Hellfire II missiles
* 76 x Hydra-70 M247 rockets
* 2 x 7.62 mm M134 Minigun machine guns (1,500 rpg = 3,000 total)
* 2 x 12.7 mm GAU-19 machine guns (550 rpg = 1,100 total)
* 2 x 30 mm LR30 cannons (250 rpg = 500 total)
{{Navigation-End}}

The DAP has very similar armament to other top-tier US helicopters for the most part. Pilots who have flown and spaded the previous [[OH-58D]] will in fact recognize all of the options here, in which case the principle difference is that the DAP has much better capacity than the Kiowa or [[AH-6M]] with four reinforced wing hardpoints.

The AGM-114K Hellfire II is the standard US top tier helicopter ATGM. It's well rounded in terms of speed, power, and range and the DAP can carry up to 16 of them just like the [[AH-64D]], four times as many as the Kiowa. The contemporary [[AH-64A]] has the same capacity of AGM-114B Hellfires with slightly less TNT equivalent, slightly less penetration, and no tandem warhead, although in many cases the two Hellfire models will perform about the same.

The APKWS laser-guided rockets again come in two flavors: low-yield HE and even lower-yield SAP-HE, appropriate for taking out lightly armoured targets at a lower spawn cost and higher capacity than Hellfires.

The classic Hydra-70 rockets return, this time in generous 19-round pods. This allows the DAP to use rockets more freely than previous helicopters as a close quarters substitute for an internal gun.

The ATAS missiles come in twinned pairs and can be mounted on any of the four hardpoints, with a maximum capacity of eight (a new AAM record for US helicopters). However, the DAP doesn't have dedicated wingtip AAM hardpoints like the Apaches do, so taking Stingers will necessarily take away space from air-to-ground weapons.

In terms of guns, the DAP has some interesting options. There are two reserved mounts for M134 Miniguns that don't conflict with the other stores. While fun to shoot and better than having no guns, the rifle-caliber Miniguns are unlikely to do more than tickle ground targets. They're best used to spray down nearby helicopters, but keep in mind that they're less powerful than virtually any other top tier helicopter gun. The other two options are more lethal but don't have reserved hardpoints: the GAU-19 HMG-caliber gatling gun uses SLAP rounds with decent flat penetration but poor angled performance that can at least threaten thin-skinned targets and the LR30 cannons use the same 30 mm HEDP rounds as the Apache's chaingun with generally the best effect on ground vehicles out of the DAP's firearms.

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in a helicopter, the features of using the helicopter in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good ordnance load, can carry a heavy load of AGM-114K Hellfire II ATGMs and Stinger AAMs for example
* MAWS, IRCM, and good flare capacity for self defense

'''Cons:'''

* No armour protection, larger profile than most attack helicopters
* No internal cannon and all options stronger than M134 Miniguns take space away from ordnance
* No dedicated AAM hardpoints
* Can't take Sidewinder missiles like the [[AH-64A]] or [[AH-1Z]]

== History ==

=== [[wt:en/news/8553-development-mh-60l-black-hawk-air-cavalry-en|Devblog]] ===
By the late 1960s, the U.S. Army began drawing up requirements for a new utility helicopter to replace the successful UH-1 Iroquois. Requesting design proposals in 1972, the Army was approached by several manufacturers, including Sikorsky, which put forward their S-70 design. Shortly afterward, Sikorsky received the order to construct several prototypes for comparative testing against the Boeing-Vertol's rival design. Designated as YUH-60, the Sikorsky's prototype first took to the skies in October 1974 before three units were delivered to the Army for trials in March 1976.

Being selected as the winning design by the Army later that year, the Sikorsky S-70 was ordered into production under the designation UH-60 and receiving the official nickname "Black Hawk". After the first units rolled off the assembly line, the Black Hawk entered service with the Army in 1979. After entering service, the Black Hawk received many modifications and upgrades which negatively impacted its performance characteristics. Due to the degrading performance, in 1987 the Army ordered the development of an improved version, the UH-60L. Most notably, this variant introduced more powerful engines and allowed the Black Hawk to carry a substantially higher payload of offensive weapons.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=mh_60l_dap Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|MqG0NU87Uj4|'''MH-60L DAP Black Hawk Ultimate Review''' - ''Bob Dickinson''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[UH-60 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8553-development-mh-60l-black-hawk-air-cavalry-en|[Devblog] MH-60L Black Hawk: Air Cavalry!]]

{{AirManufacturer Sikorsky}}
{{USA helicopters}}

MH-60L DAP

2024-08-21T10:22:14Z

U153435799: fixing errors

{{About
| about = American Attack Helicopter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = AH-60(Israel)
}}{{Specs-Card
|code=mh_60l_dap
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

By the end of the 1960s, the US Army had begun to formulate requirements for a military transport helicopter to replace the [[UH-1 (Family)|UH-1 Iroquois]]. Sikorsky engineers proposed their S-70 prototype (YUH-60) which, competing against the Boeing-Vertol Model 179 (YUH-61), was selected for serial production under the designation UH-60 Black Hawk. The new helicopter began to enter service in 1979 and subsequently underwent several upgrades and was produced in a huge number of modifications. In 1987, the Army placed an order for an improved armed version, the '''MH-60L''', with more powerful engines and the ability to mount external weapons.

Some of the modernized MH-60L helicopters were subsequently further modified at the request of special operations forces. They were able to carry rocket pods, AGM-114 Hellfire ATGMs, air-to-air missiles, as well as other heavy weapons. Moreover, the troop-carrying cabin was reconfigured: the seats remained only for the onboard gunners, and an additional fuel tank was located in the rear. Helicopters of this version received the designation '''DAP''' (Direct Action Penetrator).

Introduced in [[Update "Kings of Battle"]], the MH-60L DAP is a specialized gunship helicopter. It still looks largely like a utility helicopter with an unmodified crew cabin but features large stub wings with four reinforced pylons. The DAP has a very similar arsenal and payload to the [[AH-64D|AH-64D Apache Longbow]], mainly relying on powerful AGM-114K Hellfire II ATGMs, APKWS guided rockets, and ATAS air-to-air missiles at a slightly lower battle rating than the Apache Longbow. Although it obviously lacks the armour protection and internal gun of a purpose-designed attack helicopter, the DAP has some armament and subsystem advantages over the contemporary [[AH-64A|A-model Apache]] and is a solid, memorable option for helicopter fans.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Heli-Flight}}


The MH-60 has generally pleasant flight performance and handling. The top speed is lower than the Apache and most other top rank attack helicopters, but this typically won't make a difference in gameplay outside of close-range rushing attacks.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at _,___ m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| ___ || ___ || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}}
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Heli-Armour}}


The MH-60L has very limited armour protection, only boasting protected composite seats for the two crew members. There is no bulletproof glass to speak of and the Black Hawk's wide transport cabin is a bigger target for gunfire than the slim profile of the [[AH-1W]] for example. Most of the cabin is empty, so a spray of incoming machine gun fire might not hit much of importance if the crew is unscathed, but there are a pair of large fuel tanks at the rear that are vulnerable to damage.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Heli-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Cross}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Heli-Offensive}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** 90 x countermeasures
** 90 x countermeasures + IRCM

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Heli-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* Without load
* 8 x ATAS (AIM-92) missiles
* 28 x APKWS II (M151) missiles
* 28 x APKWS II (M282) missiles
* 4 x AGM-114K Hellfire II missiles
* 8 x AGM-114K Hellfire II missiles
* 16 x AGM-114K Hellfire II missiles
* 38 x Hydra-70 M247 rockets + 4 x AGM-114K Hellfire II missiles
* 76 x Hydra-70 M247 rockets
* 2 x 7.62 mm M134 Minigun machine guns (1,500 rpg = 3,000 total)
* 2 x 12.7 mm GAU-19 machine guns (550 rpg = 1,100 total)
* 2 x 30 mm LR30 cannons (250 rpg = 500 total)
{{Navigation-End}}

The DAP has very similar armament to other top-tier US helicopters for the most part. Pilots who have flown and spaded the previous [[OH-58D]] will in fact recognize all of the options here, in which case the principle difference is that the DAP has much better capacity than the Kiowa or [[AH-6M]] with four reinforced wing hardpoints.

The AGM-114K Hellfire II is the standard US top tier helicopter ATGM. It's well rounded in terms of speed, power, and range and the DAP can carry up to 16 of them just like the [[AH-64D]], four times as many as the Kiowa. The contemporary [[AH-64A]] has the same capacity of AGM-114B Hellfires with slightly less TNT equivalent, slightly less penetration, and no tandem warhead, although in many cases the two Hellfire models will perform about the same.

The APKWS laser-guided rockets again come in two flavors: low-yield HE and even lower-yield SAP-HE, appropriate for taking out lightly armoured targets at a lower spawn cost and higher capacity than Hellfires.

The classic Hydra-70 rockets return, this time in generous 19-round pods. This allows the DAP to use rockets more freely than previous helicopters as a close quarters substitute for an internal gun.

The ATAS missiles come in twinned pairs and can be mounted on any of the four hardpoints, with a maximum capacity of eight (a new AAM record for US helicopters). However, the DAP doesn't have dedicated wingtip AAM hardpoints like the Apaches do, so taking Stingers will necessarily take away space from air-to-ground weapons.

In terms of guns, the DAP has some interesting options. There are two reserved mounts for M134 Miniguns that don't conflict with the other stores. While fun to shoot and better than having no guns, the rifle-caliber Miniguns are unlikely to do more than tickle ground targets. They're best used to spray down nearby helicopters, but keep in mind that they're less powerful than virtually any other top tier helicopter gun. The other two options are more lethal but don't have reserved hardpoints: the GAU-19 HMG-caliber gatling gun uses SLAP rounds with decent flat penetration but poor angled performance that can at least threaten thin-skinned targets and the LR30 cannons use the same 30 mm HEDP rounds as the Apache's chaingun with generally the best effect on ground vehicles out of the DAP's firearms.

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in a helicopter, the features of using the helicopter in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good ordnance load, can carry a heavy load of AGM-114K Hellfire II ATGMs and Stinger AAMs for example
* MAWS, IRCM, and good flare capacity for self defense

'''Cons:'''

* No armour protection, larger profile than most attack helicopters
* No internal cannon and all options stronger than M134 Miniguns take space away from ordnance
* No dedicated AAM hardpoints
* Can't take Sidewinder missiles like the [[AH-64A]] or [[AH-1Z]]

== History ==

=== [[wt:en/news/8553-development-mh-60l-black-hawk-air-cavalry-en|Devblog]] ===
By the late 1960s, the U.S. Army began drawing up requirements for a new utility helicopter to replace the successful UH-1 Iroquois. Requesting design proposals in 1972, the Army was approached by several manufacturers, including Sikorsky, which put forward their S-70 design. Shortly afterward, Sikorsky received the order to construct several prototypes for comparative testing against the Boeing-Vertol's rival design. Designated as YUH-60, the Sikorsky's prototype first took to the skies in October 1974 before three units were delivered to the Army for trials in March 1976.

Being selected as the winning design by the Army later that year, the Sikorsky S-70 was ordered into production under the designation UH-60 and receiving the official nickname "Black Hawk". After the first units rolled off the assembly line, the Black Hawk entered service with the Army in 1979. After entering service, the Black Hawk received many modifications and upgrades which negatively impacted its performance characteristics. Due to the degrading performance, in 1987 the Army ordered the development of an improved version, the UH-60L. Most notably, this variant introduced more powerful engines and allowed the Black Hawk to carry a substantially higher payload of offensive weapons.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=mh_60l_dap Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|MqG0NU87Uj4|'''MH-60L DAP Black Hawk Ultimate Review''' - ''Bob Dickinson''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[UH-60 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8553-development-mh-60l-black-hawk-air-cavalry-en|[Devblog] MH-60L Black Hawk: Air Cavalry!]]

{{AirManufacturer Sikorsky}}
{{USA helicopters}}

MH-60L DAP

2024-08-21T10:21:41Z

U153435799:

{{About
| about = American Attack Helicopter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = AH-60
}}{{Specs-Card
|code=mh_60l_dap
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

By the end of the 1960s, the US Army had begun to formulate requirements for a military transport helicopter to replace the [[UH-1 (Family)|UH-1 Iroquois]]. Sikorsky engineers proposed their S-70 prototype (YUH-60) which, competing against the Boeing-Vertol Model 179 (YUH-61), was selected for serial production under the designation UH-60 Black Hawk. The new helicopter began to enter service in 1979 and subsequently underwent several upgrades and was produced in a huge number of modifications. In 1987, the Army placed an order for an improved armed version, the '''MH-60L''', with more powerful engines and the ability to mount external weapons.

Some of the modernized MH-60L helicopters were subsequently further modified at the request of special operations forces. They were able to carry rocket pods, AGM-114 Hellfire ATGMs, air-to-air missiles, as well as other heavy weapons. Moreover, the troop-carrying cabin was reconfigured: the seats remained only for the onboard gunners, and an additional fuel tank was located in the rear. Helicopters of this version received the designation '''DAP''' (Direct Action Penetrator).

Introduced in [[Update "Kings of Battle"]], the MH-60L DAP is a specialized gunship helicopter. It still looks largely like a utility helicopter with an unmodified crew cabin but features large stub wings with four reinforced pylons. The DAP has a very similar arsenal and payload to the [[AH-64D|AH-64D Apache Longbow]], mainly relying on powerful AGM-114K Hellfire II ATGMs, APKWS guided rockets, and ATAS air-to-air missiles at a slightly lower battle rating than the Apache Longbow. Although it obviously lacks the armour protection and internal gun of a purpose-designed attack helicopter, the DAP has some armament and subsystem advantages over the contemporary [[AH-64A|A-model Apache]] and is a solid, memorable option for helicopter fans.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Heli-Flight}}


The MH-60 has generally pleasant flight performance and handling. The top speed is lower than the Apache and most other top rank attack helicopters, but this typically won't make a difference in gameplay outside of close-range rushing attacks.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at _,___ m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| ___ || ___ || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}}
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Heli-Armour}}


The MH-60L has very limited armour protection, only boasting protected composite seats for the two crew members. There is no bulletproof glass to speak of and the Black Hawk's wide transport cabin is a bigger target for gunfire than the slim profile of the [[AH-1W]] for example. Most of the cabin is empty, so a spray of incoming machine gun fire might not hit much of importance if the crew is unscathed, but there are a pair of large fuel tanks at the rear that are vulnerable to damage.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Heli-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Cross}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Heli-Offensive}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** 90 x countermeasures
** 90 x countermeasures + IRCM

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Heli-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* Without load
* 8 x ATAS (AIM-92) missiles
* 28 x APKWS II (M151) missiles
* 28 x APKWS II (M282) missiles
* 4 x AGM-114K Hellfire II missiles
* 8 x AGM-114K Hellfire II missiles
* 16 x AGM-114K Hellfire II missiles
* 38 x Hydra-70 M247 rockets + 4 x AGM-114K Hellfire II missiles
* 76 x Hydra-70 M247 rockets
* 2 x 7.62 mm M134 Minigun machine guns (1,500 rpg = 3,000 total)
* 2 x 12.7 mm GAU-19 machine guns (550 rpg = 1,100 total)
* 2 x 30 mm LR30 cannons (250 rpg = 500 total)
{{Navigation-End}}

The DAP has very similar armament to other top-tier US helicopters for the most part. Pilots who have flown and spaded the previous [[OH-58D]] will in fact recognize all of the options here, in which case the principle difference is that the DAP has much better capacity than the Kiowa or [[AH-6M]] with four reinforced wing hardpoints.

The AGM-114K Hellfire II is the standard US top tier helicopter ATGM. It's well rounded in terms of speed, power, and range and the DAP can carry up to 16 of them just like the [[AH-64D]], four times as many as the Kiowa. The contemporary [[AH-64A]] has the same capacity of AGM-114B Hellfires with slightly less TNT equivalent, slightly less penetration, and no tandem warhead, although in many cases the two Hellfire models will perform about the same.

The APKWS laser-guided rockets again come in two flavors: low-yield HE and even lower-yield SAP-HE, appropriate for taking out lightly armoured targets at a lower spawn cost and higher capacity than Hellfires.

The classic Hydra-70 rockets return, this time in generous 19-round pods. This allows the DAP to use rockets more freely than previous helicopters as a close quarters substitute for an internal gun.

The ATAS missiles come in twinned pairs and can be mounted on any of the four hardpoints, with a maximum capacity of eight (a new AAM record for US helicopters). However, the DAP doesn't have dedicated wingtip AAM hardpoints like the Apaches do, so taking Stingers will necessarily take away space from air-to-ground weapons.

In terms of guns, the DAP has some interesting options. There are two reserved mounts for M134 Miniguns that don't conflict with the other stores. While fun to shoot and better than having no guns, the rifle-caliber Miniguns are unlikely to do more than tickle ground targets. They're best used to spray down nearby helicopters, but keep in mind that they're less powerful than virtually any other top tier helicopter gun. The other two options are more lethal but don't have reserved hardpoints: the GAU-19 HMG-caliber gatling gun uses SLAP rounds with decent flat penetration but poor angled performance that can at least threaten thin-skinned targets and the LR30 cannons use the same 30 mm HEDP rounds as the Apache's chaingun with generally the best effect on ground vehicles out of the DAP's firearms.

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in a helicopter, the features of using the helicopter in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good ordnance load, can carry a heavy load of AGM-114K Hellfire II ATGMs and Stinger AAMs for example
* MAWS, IRCM, and good flare capacity for self defense

'''Cons:'''

* No armour protection, larger profile than most attack helicopters
* No internal cannon and all options stronger than M134 Miniguns take space away from ordnance
* No dedicated AAM hardpoints
* Can't take Sidewinder missiles like the [[AH-64A]] or [[AH-1Z]]

== History ==

=== [[wt:en/news/8553-development-mh-60l-black-hawk-air-cavalry-en|Devblog]] ===
By the late 1960s, the U.S. Army began drawing up requirements for a new utility helicopter to replace the successful UH-1 Iroquois. Requesting design proposals in 1972, the Army was approached by several manufacturers, including Sikorsky, which put forward their S-70 design. Shortly afterward, Sikorsky received the order to construct several prototypes for comparative testing against the Boeing-Vertol's rival design. Designated as YUH-60, the Sikorsky's prototype first took to the skies in October 1974 before three units were delivered to the Army for trials in March 1976.

Being selected as the winning design by the Army later that year, the Sikorsky S-70 was ordered into production under the designation UH-60 and receiving the official nickname "Black Hawk". After the first units rolled off the assembly line, the Black Hawk entered service with the Army in 1979. After entering service, the Black Hawk received many modifications and upgrades which negatively impacted its performance characteristics. Due to the degrading performance, in 1987 the Army ordered the development of an improved version, the UH-60L. Most notably, this variant introduced more powerful engines and allowed the Black Hawk to carry a substantially higher payload of offensive weapons.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=mh_60l_dap Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|MqG0NU87Uj4|'''MH-60L DAP Black Hawk Ultimate Review''' - ''Bob Dickinson''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[UH-60 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8553-development-mh-60l-black-hawk-air-cavalry-en|[Devblog] MH-60L Black Hawk: Air Cavalry!]]

{{AirManufacturer Sikorsky}}
{{USA helicopters}}

F-100F (China)

2024-07-17T03:22:56Z

U153435799:

{{About
| about = jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = F-100 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=f_100f_china
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=id50238_f_100f_china
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''', colloquially known as 超級軍刀機 (Super Sabre jet), was the twin-seater variant of F-100 and in fact the very first supersonic jet in ROCAF service which served until 1984; these jets were mostly identical to USAF variants minus INS for SEAD capabilities (F-100F is also the first Wild Wiesel jet). As part of the Military Aid Program (MAP) to ROCAF without any supersonic jet by August 1958 during the 1st Taiwan Strait Crisis, USAF immediately transferred six F-100F to ROCAF with four upcoming jets by September after the heat; meanwhile the single-seater [[F-100A (China)|F-100A]] with upgrades from the D series also arrived to ROCAF between 1958 to 1970. Due to the soon arrival of [[F-104 (Family)|F-104]] fleet by 1960s and the passage of major aerial combats between ROCAF/PLAAF, these F-100F were usually served as the trainer jet for pilots, CAP and ground attacker thanks to its sufficient performance for main island operations. However, due to a transporter crash in 1979 that costed almost all F-100 engineers in ROCAF and consecutive crashes involved the fleet of F-100s, they were soon phrased out by the last squadron that operated it by 1984, likely been replaced by later series F-104G or [[F-5E (China)|CKD assembled F-5E by AIDC]].

Introduced during [[Update "Sons of Attila"]] as a reward for the [[wt:en/news/8494-event-tokushu-heiki-assemble-and-test-an-honorable-missile-to-obtain-prizes-en|2023 Tokushu Heiki event]] and the first aerial main prize of seasonal event of Chinese tech-tree, F-100F now further extends its combat capability than ROCAF's F-100A thanks to its better payload for ground attack; while it can cause extensive damage to ground targets, be sure to take extra caution on enemy jets as most supersonic jets of its tier will not have a hard time taking down F-100F. Even though 2 cannons were removed from the nose, the ballistic performance of M39 and up to 4 AIM-9E can make sure it would still have the chance to turn the tides with its somewhat good AoA that is traded with its speed.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

Aside from the rear-seat, F-100F looks mostly identical to any other F-100 series in game especially its signature "catfish" intake. In this case, F-100F will be quite different from ROCAF's F-100A especially on its weight due to its F-100D based design - the D variant can be said as a multirole fighter while the F variant added a rear-seat for the weapon officer, therefore the weight of the extra pilot and extended cockpit should be considered as well. The other difference is the lack of a pair of autocannons than the A/D series, so half the firepower in this case. Compare to its arch enemy - [[MiG-19 (Family)|MiG-19]], it is very certain that F-100F at such huge size will have very hard time following the path of Farmers during a dogfight; but this huge size also gives F-100F a feature which is higher AoA when used in combination with the speed brake, although it trades lots of the energy and could be fatal at frontline, if players do need extra AoA to line-up the shots on enemy targets when 1 vs 1, this could be a "reverse" card for F-100F at such situation. Oddly enough, although having some extra weights, F-100F is still slightly faster than the A variant with upgraded engine (ROCAF received overhaul upgraded F-100A with F-100D equivalent equipment).

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 10,671 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,445 || 1,437 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.6 || 30.7 || 117.0 || 108.7 || rowspan="2" | 900
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 620 || 590 || 435 || ~11 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 640 || < 540 || < 610 || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Pratt & Whitney J57P21 || 1
| colspan="2" | 10,847 kg || colspan="3" | 386 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 14m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 46m fuel
|-
| 2,361 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
| 11,897 kg || 12,345 kg || 13,094 kg || 14,348 kg || __,___ kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 14m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 46m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 4,424 kgf || 5,823 kgf
| 0.49 || 0.47 || 0.44 || 0.41 || _.__
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 4,424 kgf (0 km/h) || 8,364 kgf (1,200 km/h)
| 0.70 || 0.68 || 0.64 || 0.58 || _.__
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 64 mm bulletproof glass: windscreen
* 12.7 mm steel: behind pilots

Jets at the dawn of supersonic still have some extend of protection for the pilot even though the abundance of autocannons by the Warsaw-Pact jets; the protection of F-100F is mostly identical to other F-100 series other having additional protection for the Weapon System Officer (aka rear-pilot); while autocannons more than 20 mm calibre can tear down the pilots with ease, earlier jets with only machine guns will need more precise hits on pilots or sustained hits on F-100F airframe to send it to kingdom come.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Cross}} || {{Cross}} || {{Cross}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M39A1 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm M39A1 cannons, -mounted (175 rpg = 350 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="7%" | 1 !! width="7%" | 2 !! width="7%" | 3 !! width="7%" | 4 !! width="7%" | 5 !! width="7%" | 6
| rowspan="12" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_F-100D.png]]</div>
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 82 (500 lb)|500 lb LDGP Mk 82]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1, 3 || 1, 3 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[Mk 82 Snakeye (500 lb)|500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1, 3 || 1, 3 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[M117 cone 45 (750 lb)|750 lb M117 cone 45]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1, 2 || 1, 2 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83]] bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[BLU-27/B incendiary]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 2 || 2 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[FFAR Mighty Mouse]] rockets
| 19 || 19 || || || 19 || 19
|-
! [[AGM-12B Bullpup]] missiles
| || || 1 || 1 || ||
|-
! [[AIM-9B Sidewinder]] missiles
| || || 1, 2 || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[AIM-9E Sidewinder]] missiles
| || || 2 || 2 || ||
|-
! Chaff
| 153 || || || || || 153
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* Without load
* 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AIM-9E Sidewinder missiles
* 38 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 76 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 2 x AGM-12B Bullpup missiles
* 6 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (3,000 lb total)
* 8 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 6 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (4,500 lb total)
* 4 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 6 x 500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye bombs (3,000 lb total)
* 8 x 500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 4 x BLU-27/B incendiary bombs
* 4 x BLU-27/B incendiary bombs
* 306 x chaff

=== Radar ===
{{main|AN/APG-30A}}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===
'''Pros:'''

* Supersonic and slightly faster than F-100A
* Can sometimes trades speed for higher AoA (for "snap shot")
* Weapon System Officer (WSO; or rear-pilot) has access to aircraft control for last-ditch retaliation
* Higher and more extensive payload for multirole operations than F-100 series with (wing-mounted) chaffs
* Good ballistics for the M39 autocannon
* RWR for better situational awareness at its BR

*

'''Cons:'''

* Heavier airframe than earlier F-100 series thus less manoeuvrable
* Lacks a pair of autocannon than previous F-100 series
* Control surfaces lock up at supersonic speeds
* Any maneuvers will bleeds the energy severely
* Lack ballistic computer for precise ground attack

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=f_100f_china Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[F-100 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8484-development-tokushu-heiki-f-100f-super-sabre-en|[Devblog] Tokushu Heiki: F-100F Super Sabre]]

{{AirManufacturer NAA}}
{{China jet aircraft}}

F-100F (China)

2024-07-17T03:22:36Z

U153435799:

{{About
| about = jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = F-100 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=f_100f_china
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=id50238_f_100f_china
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''', colloquially known as 超級軍刀機 (Super Sabre jet), was the twin-seater variant of F-100 and in fact the very first supersonic jet in ROCAF service which served until 1984; these jets were mostly identical to USAF variants minus INS for SEAD capabilities (F-100F is also the first Wild Wiesel jet). As part of the Military Aid Program (MAP) to ROCAF without any supersonic jet by August 1958 during the 1st Taiwan Strait Crisis, USAF immediately transferred six F-100F to ROCAF with four upcoming jets by September after the heat; meanwhile the single-seater [[F-100A (China)|F-100A]] with upgrades from the D series also arrived to ROCAF between 1958 to 1970. Due to the soon arrival of [[F-104 (Family)|F-104]] fleet by 1960s and the passage of major aerial combats between ROCAF/PLAAF, these F-100F were usually served as the trainer jet for pilots, CAP and ground attacker thanks to its sufficient performance for main island operations. However, due to a transporter crash in 1979 that costed almost all F-100 engineers in ROCAF and consecutive crashes involved the fleet of F-100s, they were soon phrased out by the last squadron that operated it by 1984, likely been replaced by later series F-104G or [[F-5E (China)|CKD assembled F-5E by AIDC]].

Introduced during [[Update "Sons of Attila"]] as a reward for the [[wt:en/news/8494-event-tokushu-heiki-assemble-and-test-an-honorable-missile-to-obtain-prizes-en|2023 Tokushu Heiki event]] and the first aerial main prize of seasonal event of Chinese tech-tree, F-100F now further extends its combat capability than ROCAF's F-100A thanks to its better payload for ground attack; while it can cause extensive damage to ground targets, be sure to take extra caution on enemy jets as most supersonic jets of its tier will not have a hard time taking down F-100F. Even though 2 cannons were removed from the nose, the ballistic performance of M39 and up to 4 AIM-9E can make sure it would still have the chance to turn the tides with its somewhat good AoA that is traded with its speed.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

Aside from the rear-seat, F-100F looks mostly identical to any other F-100 series in game especially its signature "catfish" intake. In this case, F-100F will be quite different from ROCAF's F-100A especially on its weight due to its F-100D based design - the D variant can be said as a multirole fighter while the F variant added a rear-seat for the weapon officer, therefore the weight of the extra pilot and extended cockpit should be considered as well. The other difference is the lack of a pair of autocannons than the A/D series, so half the firepower in this case. Compare to its arch enemy - [[MiG-19 (Family)|MiG-19]], it is very certain that F-100F at such huge size will have very hard time following the path of Farmers during a dogfight; but this huge size also gives F-100F a feature which is higher AoA when used in combination with the speed brake, although it trades lots of the energy and could be fatal at frontline, if players do need extra AoA to line-up the shots on enemy targets when 1 vs 1, this could be a "reverse" card for F-100F at such situation. Oddly enough, although having some extra weights, F-100F is still slightly faster than the A variant with upgraded engine (ROCAF received overhaul upgraded F-100A with F-100D equivalent equipment).

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 10,671 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,445 || 1,437 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.6 || 30.7 || 117.0 || 108.7 || rowspan="2" | 900
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 620 || 590 || 435 || ~11 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 640 || < 540 || < 610 || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Pratt & Whitney J57P21 || 1
| colspan="2" | 10,847 kg || colspan="3" | 386 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 14m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 46m fuel
|-
| 2,361 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
| 11,897 kg || 12,345 kg || 13,094 kg || 14,348 kg || __,___ kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 14m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 46m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 4,424 kgf || 5,823 kgf
| 0.49 || 0.47 || 0.44 || 0.41 || _.__
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 4,424 kgf (0 km/h) || 8,364 kgf (1,200 km/h)
| 0.70 || 0.68 || 0.64 || 0.58 || _.__
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 64 mm bulletproof glass: windscreen
* 12.7 mm steel: behind pilots

Jets at the dawn of supersonic still have some extend of protection for the pilot even though the abundance of autocannons by the Warsaw-Pact jets; the protection of F-100F is mostly identical to other F-100 series other having additional protection for the Weapon System Officer (aka rear-pilot); while autocannons more than 20 mm calibre can tear down the pilots with ease, earlier jets with only machine guns will need more precise hits on pilots or sustained hits on F-100F airframe to send it to kingdom come.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Cross}} || {{Cross}} || {{Cross}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M39A1 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm M39A1 cannons, -mounted (175 rpg = 350 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="7%" | 1 !! width="7%" | 2 !! width="7%" | 3 !! width="7%" | 4 !! width="7%" | 5 !! width="7%" | 6
| rowspan="12" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_F-100D.png]]</div>
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 82 (500 lb)|500 lb LDGP Mk 82]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1, 3 || 1, 3 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[Mk 82 Snakeye (500 lb)|500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1, 3 || 1, 3 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[M117 cone 45 (750 lb)|750 lb M117 cone 45]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1, 2 || 1, 2 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83]] bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[BLU-27/B incendiary]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 2 || 2 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[FFAR Mighty Mouse]] rockets
| 19 || 19 || || || 19 || 19
|-
! [[AGM-12B Bullpup]] missiles
| || || 1 || 1 || ||
|-
! [[AIM-9B Sidewinder]] missiles
| || || 1, 2 || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[AIM-9E Sidewinder]] missiles
| || || 2 || 2 || ||
|-
! Chaff
| 153 || || || || || 153
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* Without load
* 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AIM-9E Sidewinder missiles
* 38 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 76 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 2 x AGM-12B Bullpup missiles
* 6 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (3,000 lb total)
* 8 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 6 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (4,500 lb total)
* 4 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 6 x 500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye bombs (3,000 lb total)
* 8 x 500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 4 x BLU-27/B incendiary bombs
* 4 x BLU-27/B incendiary bombs
* 306 x chaff

=== Radar ===
{{main|AN/APG-30A}}{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===
'''Pros:'''

* Supersonic and slightly faster than F-100A
* Can sometimes trades speed for higher AoA (for "snap shot")
* Weapon System Officer (WSO; or rear-pilot) has access to aircraft control for last-ditch retaliation
* Higher and more extensive payload for multirole operations than F-100 series with (wing-mounted) chaffs
* Good ballistics for the M39 autocannon
* RWR for better situational awareness at its BR

*

'''Cons:'''

* Heavier airframe than earlier F-100 series thus less manoeuvrable
* Lacks a pair of autocannon than previous F-100 series
* Control surfaces lock up at supersonic speeds
* Any maneuvers will bleeds the energy severely
* Lack ballistic computer for precise ground attack

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=f_100f_china Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[F-100 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8484-development-tokushu-heiki-f-100f-super-sabre-en|[Devblog] Tokushu Heiki: F-100F Super Sabre]]

{{AirManufacturer NAA}}
{{China jet aircraft}}

F-100F (China)

2024-07-17T03:20:55Z

U153435799:

{{About
| about = jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = F-100 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=f_100f_china
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=id50238_f_100f_china
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''', colloquially known as 超級軍刀機 (Super Sabre jet), was the twin-seater variant of F-100 and in fact the very first supersonic jet in ROCAF service which served until 1984; these jets were mostly identical to USAF variants minus INS for SEAD capabilities (F-100F is also the first Wild Wiesel jet). As part of the Military Aid Program (MAP) to ROCAF without any supersonic jet by August 1958 during the 1st Taiwan Strait Crisis, USAF immediately transferred six F-100F to ROCAF with four upcoming jets by September after the heat; meanwhile the single-seater [[F-100A (China)|F-100A]] with upgrades from the D series also arrived to ROCAF between 1958 to 1970. Due to the soon arrival of [[F-104 (Family)|F-104]] fleet by 1960s and the passage of major aerial combats between ROCAF/PLAAF, these F-100F were usually served as the trainer jet for pilots, CAP and ground attacker thanks to its sufficient performance for main island operations. However, due to a transporter crash in 1979 that costed almost all F-100 engineers in ROCAF and consecutive crashes involved the fleet of F-100s, they were soon phrased out by the last squadron that operated it by 1984, likely been replaced by later series F-104G or [[F-5E (China)|CKD assembled F-5E by AIDC]].

Introduced during [[Update "Sons of Attila"]] as a reward for the [[wt:en/news/8494-event-tokushu-heiki-assemble-and-test-an-honorable-missile-to-obtain-prizes-en|2023 Tokushu Heiki event]] and the first aerial main prize of seasonal event of Chinese tech-tree, F-100F now further extends its combat capability than ROCAF's F-100A thanks to its better payload for ground attack; while it can cause extensive damage to ground targets, be sure to take extra caution on enemy jets as most supersonic jets of its tier will not have a hard time taking down F-100F. Even though 2 cannons were removed from the nose, the ballistic performance of M39 and up to 4 AIM-9E can make sure it would still have the chance to turn the tides with its somewhat good AoA that is traded with its speed.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

Aside from the rear-seat, F-100F looks mostly identical to any other F-100 series in game especially its signature "catfish" intake. In this case, F-100F will be quite different from ROCAF's F-100A especially on its weight due to its F-100D based design - the D variant can be said as a multirole fighter while the F variant added a rear-seat for the weapon officer, therefore the weight of the extra pilot and extended cockpit should be considered as well. The other difference is the lack of a pair of autocannons than the A/D series, so half the firepower in this case. Compare to its arch enemy - [[MiG-19 (Family)|MiG-19]], it is very certain that F-100F at such huge size will have very hard time following the path of Farmers during a dogfight; but this huge size also gives F-100F a feature which is higher AoA when used in combination with the speed brake, although it trades lots of the energy and could be fatal at frontline, if players do need extra AoA to line-up the shots on enemy targets when 1 vs 1, this could be a "reverse" card for F-100F at such situation. Oddly enough, although having some extra weights, F-100F is still slightly faster than the A variant with upgraded engine (ROCAF received overhaul upgraded F-100A with F-100D equivalent equipment).

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 10,671 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,445 || 1,437 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.6 || 30.7 || 117.0 || 108.7 || rowspan="2" | 900
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 620 || 590 || 435 || ~11 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 640 || < 540 || < 610 || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Pratt & Whitney J57P21 || 1
| colspan="2" | 10,847 kg || colspan="3" | 386 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 14m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 46m fuel
|-
| 2,361 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
| 11,897 kg || 12,345 kg || 13,094 kg || 14,348 kg || __,___ kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 14m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 46m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 4,424 kgf || 5,823 kgf
| 0.49 || 0.47 || 0.44 || 0.41 || _.__
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 4,424 kgf (0 km/h) || 8,364 kgf (1,200 km/h)
| 0.70 || 0.68 || 0.64 || 0.58 || _.__
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 64 mm bulletproof glass: windscreen
* 12.7 mm steel: behind pilots

Jets at the dawn of supersonic still have some extend of protection for the pilot even though the abundance of autocannons by the Warsaw-Pact jets; the protection of F-100F is mostly identical to other F-100 series other having additional protection for the Weapon System Officer (aka rear-pilot); while autocannons more than 20 mm calibre can tear down the pilots with ease, earlier jets with only machine guns will need more precise hits on pilots or sustained hits on F-100F airframe to send it to kingdom come.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Cross}} || {{Cross}} || {{Cross}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M39A1 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm M39A1 cannons, -mounted (175 rpg = 350 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="7%" | 1 !! width="7%" | 2 !! width="7%" | 3 !! width="7%" | 4 !! width="7%" | 5 !! width="7%" | 6
| rowspan="12" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_F-100D.png]]</div>
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 82 (500 lb)|500 lb LDGP Mk 82]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1, 3 || 1, 3 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[Mk 82 Snakeye (500 lb)|500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1, 3 || 1, 3 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[M117 cone 45 (750 lb)|750 lb M117 cone 45]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1, 2 || 1, 2 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83]] bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[BLU-27/B incendiary]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 2 || 2 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[FFAR Mighty Mouse]] rockets
| 19 || 19 || || || 19 || 19
|-
! [[AGM-12B Bullpup]] missiles
| || || 1 || 1 || ||
|-
! [[AIM-9B Sidewinder]] missiles
| || || 1, 2 || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[AIM-9E Sidewinder]] missiles
| || || 2 || 2 || ||
|-
! Chaff
| 153 || || || || || 153
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* Without load
* 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AIM-9E Sidewinder missiles
* 38 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 76 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 2 x AGM-12B Bullpup missiles
* 6 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (3,000 lb total)
* 8 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 6 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (4,500 lb total)
* 4 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 6 x 500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye bombs (3,000 lb total)
* 8 x 500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 4 x BLU-27/B incendiary bombs
* 4 x BLU-27/B incendiary bombs
* 306 x chaff

=== Radar ===
{{Main|AN/APG-30A}}{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===
'''Pros:'''

* Supersonic and slightly faster than F-100A
* Can sometimes trades speed for higher AoA (for "snap shot")
* Weapon System Officer (WSO; or rear-pilot) has access to aircraft control for last-ditch retaliation
* Higher and more extensive payload for multirole operations than F-100 series with (wing-mounted) chaffs
* Good ballistics for the M39 autocannon
* RWR for better situational awareness at its BR

*

'''Cons:'''

* Heavier airframe than earlier F-100 series thus less manoeuvrable
* Lacks a pair of autocannon than previous F-100 series
* Control surfaces lock up at supersonic speeds
* Any maneuvers will bleeds the energy severely
* Lack ballistic computer for precise ground attack

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=f_100f_china Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[F-100 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8484-development-tokushu-heiki-f-100f-super-sabre-en|[Devblog] Tokushu Heiki: F-100F Super Sabre]]

{{AirManufacturer NAA}}
{{China jet aircraft}}

U-SH 204 GK

2024-07-11T02:42:34Z

U153435799:

{{Specs-Card
|code=sw_landsverk_ush_204_gk
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish SPAA {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Seek & Destroy"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.''

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=128|rbMinHp=80|AoAweight=}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Oerlikon 204 GK (20 mm)}}

''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Oerlikon 204 GK (20 mm)|20 mm Oerlikon 204 GK]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 400 (200) || rowspan="2" | 996 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+75° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | - || 35.2 || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | 9.1 || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 23.8 || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}
* '''HE, 20 mm:''' {{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}
* '''AP, 20 mm:''' {{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}

{{:Oerlikon 204 GK (20 mm)/Ammunition|HVAP-T, HEI-T*}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''2''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

* https://weaponsystems.net/system/1489-Landsverk%20Unimog

{{Sweden anti-aircraft vehicles}}
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

WZ551 (Family)

2024-06-26T12:19:58Z

U153435799:

== Description ==
The '''WZ551''' is a family of Chinese APCs developed by NORINCO Factory 256 (now Chongqing Tiema Industries) as one of the earliest wheeled APC introduced to PLAGF by early 1990s; aside from APC variants dubbed as the ZBL92 series, the chassis has spin-offs vehicles such as ATGM carrier and wheeled assault gun with 4x4 or 6x6 drivetrain for different purpose.

== Vehicles ==

=== Rank V ===

* [[ZSL92]]

=== Rank VI ===

* [[AFT09]] - WZ550, 4x4 chassis with quad HJ-9 ATGM launchers since early 2000.
* [[PTL02]] - 6x6 chassis assault gun with 100 mm smoothbore cannon.
* [[WMA301]] - Export 6x6 chassis assault gun with NATO 105 mm low-recoil rifled cannon.

== External links ==


* [[Wikipedia:WZ-551|[Wikipedia] WZ-551]]

[[Category: Family pages]]

Ayit

2024-06-13T11:20:13Z

U153435799:

{{About
| about = strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = A-4 (Family)
}}{{Specs-Card
|code=a_4n
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

In the 1980s, Israel set out to upgrade their A-4 Skyhawk fleet and modernize it. The upgrade package chosen would allow their A-4s to reach a level of equivelance to the US Marine Corps A-4M models. The resulting variant, called the A-4N "Ayit" included the integration of the Elbit ACE-1 HUD, Elbit computers, and the installation of an Elta EL/M-2032 radar, significantly enhancing its air-to-air and air-to-ground capabilities. The A-4N Ayit could carry advanced munitions like the later variants of the AIM-9 Sidewinder and AGM-65 Maverick missiles, making it a potent platform for precision strike missions. IAI (Israel Aircraft Industries) conducted these upgrades, transforming the aging A-4 into a highly capable and modern combat aircraft, which served the IAF until its retirement in the early 2000s. The A-4N Ayit remains a testament to Israel's expertise in aircraft modernization and adaptation.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''', introduced in [[Update "Winged Lions"]], is the most advanced Skyhawk variant in War Thunder. The aircraft is a serious powerhouse in mixed battles thanks to its incredible air-to-air and even more impressive air-to-ground performance. Being fitted with a more powerful engine and a larger arsenal of AAMs and AGMs over other Skyhawks, it can absolutely tear apart teams at its battle rating when used right. It can equip dangerous infrared missiles for air combat and has early access to AGM-65A Maverick air-to-ground missiles for tank busting, easily outranging most anti-air systems at its battle rating. The Ayit however does have serious shortcomings in dedicated air battle modes, due to regularly facing supersonic aircraft and aircraft with countermeasures at its battle rating which can easily counter the Ayit's main tricks. It is advised to play defensively and opportunistically in these modes with the Ayit, preying on any distracted or lonely fighters that underestimate you.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 1,524 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,092 || 1,083 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 32.5 || 33.8 || 51.4 || 50.7 || rowspan="2" | 1,000
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,117 || 1,105 || 31.5 || 32.0 || 83.8 || 67.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,167  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 592 || 563 || 410 || ~8 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 450 || < 700 || < 490 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Pratt & Whitney J52-P-408 || 1
| colspan="2" | 5,055 kg || colspan="3" | 311 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 36m fuel
|-
| 1,052 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 5,795 kg || 6,421 kg || 7,104 kg || 7,523 kg || 11,113 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 36m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 4,516 kgf || N/A
| 0.78 || 0.70 || 0.64 || 0.60 || 0.41
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 4,516 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.78 || 0.70 || 0.64 || 0.60 || 0.41
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

Like all other Skyhawks, the survivability is very poor. The aircraft was designed around the idea of being small and lightweight, which translates to easily taking damage. The two fuel tanks in the wings are not self-sealing and almost always take damage when either wing is hit. The fuel tank behind the pilot is a very large target but does have self-sealing capabilities.

The pilot is well-protected by the standards of many other fighters but that protection is still extremely poor. 2.54mm of steel protects the front, sides, and bottom of the pilot; the rear of the cockpit is unarmoured. The front windshield panel contains 50mm of bulletproof glass.

The first time the Ayit takes damage is usually the last time, as any damage to the airframe either completely knocks out the aircraft or hampers its flight performance so badly the aircraft will either crash or be easy prey for the next attack. The Ayit can get away with taking some stray machine gun fire from tanks in mixed battles but any kind of dedicated surface-to-air or air-to-air weaponry will tear it apart.

Another issue for the aircraft is how easily the wings break, especially when carrying heavier air-to-ground weapons. Any speed over about 650 km/h and the wings will snap with the first hard roll or turn. This is a problem for all Skyhawks but, given how much more powerful the Ayit's engine is, it will be a constant source of concern.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Cross}} || {{Cross}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|DEFA 553 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 553 cannons, belly-mounted (150 rpg = 300 total)
* 60 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="9%" | 1 !! width="9%" | 2 !! width="9%" | 3 !! width="9%" | 4 !! width="9%" | 5
| rowspan="19" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_A-4E_Early.png]]</div>
|-
! [[Mk 11 mod 5 (20 mm)|20 mm Mk 11 mod 5]] cannons (750 rpg)
| || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 81 (250 lb)|250 lb LDGP Mk 81]] bombs
| 1 || 6 || 6 || 6 || 1
|-
! [[Mk 81 Snakeye (250 lb)|250 lb Mk 81 Snakeye]] bombs
| 1 || 6 || 6 || 6 || 1
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 82 (500 lb)|500 lb LDGP Mk 82]] bombs
| 1 || 3 || 6 || 3 || 1
|-
! [[Mk 82 Snakeye (500 lb)|500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye]] bombs
| 1 || 3 || 6 || 3 || 1
|-
! [[M117 cone 45 (750 lb)|750 lb M117 cone 45]] bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83]] bombs
| || 1 || 3 || 1 ||
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 84 (2,000 lb)|2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84]] bombs
| || 1 || 1 || 1 ||
|-
! [[AGM-62A Walleye I ER (510 kg)|510 kg AGM-62A Walleye I ER]] bombs
| || 1 || || 1 ||
|-
! [[GBU-8 (2,000 lb)|2,000 lb GBU-8]] bombs
| || || 1 || ||
|-
! [[BLU-27/B incendiary]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[FFAR Mighty Mouse]] rockets
| 19 || 38 || 57 || 38 || 19
|-
! [[Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP]] rockets
| 4 || 8 || 12 || 8 || 4
|-
! [[AGM-12B Bullpup]] missiles
| 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1
|-
! [[AGM-65A]] missiles
| || || 3 || ||
|-
! [[AIM-9D Sidewinder]] missiles
| 1 || || || || 1
|-
! [[Shafrir 2]] missiles
| 1 || 1 || || 1 || 1
|-
| colspan="6" | Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 1,000 kg
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* Without load
* 2 x Shafrir 2 missiles
* 4 x Shafrir 2 missiles
* 2 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles
* 171 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 36 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets
* 4 x AGM-12B Bullpup missiles
* 20 x 250 lb Mk 81 Snakeye bombs (5,000 lb total)
* 14 x 500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye bombs (7,000 lb total)
* 20 x 250 lb LDGP Mk 81 bombs (5,000 lb total)
* 14 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (7,000 lb total)
* 3 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (2,250 lb total)
* 5 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (5,000 lb total)
* 3 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bombs (6,000 lb total)
* 5 x BLU-27/B incendiary bombs
* 2 x 510 kg AGM-62A Walleye I ER bombs (1,020 kg total)
* 3 x AGM-65A missiles
* 1 x 2,000 lb GBU-8 bomb (2,000 lb total)
* 3 x 20 mm Mk 11 mod 5 cannons (750 rpg = 2,250 total)
{{Navigation-End}}

Ayit's arsenal is a massive upgrade compared to the previous Israeli A-4E. Plenty of unguided bombs and rockets are available as usual, and the ballistic computer now offers CCIP on top of the existing CCRP capability. However it still lacks CCIP for rockets, so the Ayit is not a first-rate rocket sled despite having a large capacity for rocket pods.

Two options are available for air-to-air ordnance, the domestic [[Shafrir 2]] missile and the American [[AIM-9D Sidewinder|AIM-9D]], much improved over the [[A-4E (Israel)|A-4E]]'s [[AIM-9B Sidewinder|AIM-9B]] Sidewinders. Both have overloads of 18 G, which is very good for its battle rating, and enemies will need to put significant effort into dodging them kinetically. The AIM-9D has a better seeker and somewhat longer range while the Shafrir 2 offers an uncaged seeker. The Sidewinder will be the best choice for higher altitudes and longer ranges while the Shafrir will serve best in closer-range dogfights where the uncaged seeker really shines.

Air-to-ground capability is where the Ayit truly comes into its own. MCLOS [[AGM-12B Bullpup|Bullpup]] missiles will provide experienced pilots with a hard-hitting, precision ground strike capability. [[AGM-62A Walleye I ER (510 kg)|AGM-62A]] Walleye and [[GBU-8 (2,000 lb)|GBU-8]] TV-guided glide bombs allow fire-and-forget bombing, while the triple rack of [[AGM-65A|AGM-65A Mavericks]] gives pilots an extremely powerful weapon against any armoured ground target. Although less powerful than the later [[AGM-65B]] and [[AGM-65D]], they are the lowest BR Mavericks in the game.

== Usage in battles ==


The Ayit can be used in a multitude of roles such as a fighter, bomber, or ground attacker due to its variety of armaments and good performance.

'''Fighter'''

Players that plan to use it as a fighter will not be disappointed by its air-to-air armament. Mounted with 2 x [[DEFA 553 (30 mm)|30 mm DEFA]] cannons, gun kills will be quick and simple, but users should be aware of the DEFA's limited range. There is also an option for up to three 20 mm gunpods which can be mounted on either wing and/or centerline of the aircraft. The wing-mounted gunpods will take up valuable missile slots, so players who wish for a bit more firepower against aircraft should equip only the center-line gunpod. The Ayit has access to two different air-to-air missiles, the Shafrir 2 and the AIM-9D. Both missiles are very good for the battle rating and the best loadout will be the 2x Shafrir 2 and 2x AIM-9D. Shafrir 2's should be used for close range and slower targets as these missiles can be kinematically evaded by manoeuvrable fighters like the [[MiG-17]] or [[MiG-19 (Family)|MiG-19]]. Shafrir 2's also have an uncaged seeker which can be utilized for leading the missile which helps in close-range launches. On the other hand, the AIM-9D does not have an uncaged seeker which is a detriment in close-range launches but the missile can hit longer-range targets and is incredibly hard to kinematically evade. For the best performance against aircraft, players should choose the low-fuel option to reduce the chance of overloading the wings and to stay light as possible. The Ayit also has countermeasures so missiles like the [[AIM-9G]] and [[R-60]] can be easily evaded. Because of its strong engine, the Ayit can accelerate very well. However, due to the delta wing design, it will quickly lose energy with extensive turning so players should be wary of getting into prolonged fights.

'''Attacker/Bomber'''

For ground attacks and bombing, the Ayit has a lot of options. From air-to-ground missiles, guided bombs, and regular dumb bombs and rockets, players can equip a variety of weapons with custom loadouts. The dumb bombs have CCIP/CCRP which will allow for accurate drops but the rockets and cannons do not. For bombing, the dumb bombs will give the most tonnage but the [[BLU-27/B incendiary|BLU-27]] incendiary bombs can also be used to take out bases. Players who plan to ground attack in Air RB should note the map before spawning in. Some maps (City) have simple models for ground vehicles which can easily be taken out by either the 30 mm or 20 mm cannon. However, many new maps (Sinai, Vietnam, etc) have detailed ground vehicles that will require more than just cannons to take out. For those targets, the best option would be to use guided weaponry, dumb bombs, or rockets if one is accustomed to using them. Against stationary ground targets like AA or light pillboxes, the cannons will easily destroy them.

'''Common Enemies'''

The [[F-104A]] is a common foe for the Ayit. It is the same battle rating in realistic battles as the Ayit and is a popular plane due to its immense speed. However, the F-104A struggles with maneuverability, so Ayit users can reverse a Starfighter and quickly get on their six for a quick window to get a missile off. If an Ayit user is unable to fire a missile off then it will be best to go back to level flight and try to run to a friendly or wait for another reversal attempt. This same process applies to many other flareless supersonic fighters like the [[MiG-21F-13|MiG-21F]]/[[MiG-21S (R-13-300)|S]] and [[MiG-19_(Family)|MiG-19]]. Unlike the Starfighter, both of these planes are more manoeuvrable and can be a bit more difficult to get a reversal done. As for subsonic jets like the [[F-86F-2]] or [[MiG-17]], the Ayit can use its quick acceleration and top speed to run away or get into a better position for a dogfight. Reversals can also be done against these targets due to the Ayit's ability to quickly bleed energy but these should not be performed with multiple enemies around. It will also be much more difficult to do this maneuver since subsonic aircraft will have a far lower closure rate compared to supersonic jets. The Ayit will also struggle in vertical fights due to how quickly it will lose energy compared to planes like the MiG-17. Players should try and avoid these types of fights whenever possible.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Has access to a large variety of mixed loadouts, including AGM-65 Mavericks and superior AIM-9D/Shafrir 2 missiles
* Has the strongest engine among all Skyhawks in-game which allows it to accelerate very well
* Hard-hitting DEFA 553 cannons with a lot of ammunition
* Excellent roll rate and turn rate
* Has access to RWR, flares, and chaff

'''Cons:'''

* Wings rip very easily during high-G turns
* No CCIP for the guns or rockets
* DEFA 553 cannons have rather low muzzle velocity, which makes them harder to aim than most guns
* Aircraft performance can become unresponsive when carrying heavy loadouts
* Very average top speed which quickly becomes outclassed in uptiers

== History ==

In the years between 1972 and 1976, Israel received 117 upgraded A-4Ms called the A-4N. The A-4N ("Ayit" which means eagle) received many updated avionics over the standard A-4M while retaining the J52-P-408 engine. These updates included new computers, a heads-up display, a mapping, and range radar (AN/APQ-145), ECM homing and warning receiver (AN/APR-36/37), and more. The A-4N also received 2 DEFA 30 mm cannons, unlike the A-4M which had 2 20 millimeter cannons. In addition, the cockpit was revised for better visibility.

In 1968, Israel launched a program to upgrade the Super Mystere with the Pratt & Whitney J52 to replace the original Atar 101. This program was launched in order to make the Super Mystere more similar to the A-4 Skyhawks Israel had at the time which also had the J52. In order to fit the J52, major structural redesigns were needed and one of these changes included an extension of the tailpipe. During the Yom Kippur War in 1973, a year after Israel started receiving A-4Ns, Israeli officials noticed that although the upgraded Super Mysteres and A-4Ns flew almost the exact same type of missions and faced the same type of enemies, fewer Super Mysteres were being lost to missiles than the A-4Ns. Further analysis proved that the extension of the tailpipe from the upgraded Super Mystere moved the missile's detonation further away from the aircraft, thus leading to less damage and a lower loss rate. The A-4N was recommended to receive a similar type of tailpipe which is why A-4Ns after 1973 have an extended tailpipe. Israel continued using the A-4N until it was fully retired in 2015, 43 years after it was introduced into service.

A few A-4Ns were acquired by Top Aces and Draken International. Draken International, a US-based company, provided training for the Air National Guard with their acquired A-4Ns. Top Aces has used A-4Ns for training the Canadian, Australian, and German armed forces.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=a_4n Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[A-4 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.ru/index.php?/topic/318989-a-4n-israel/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance | Russian forum only]

{{AirManufacturer Douglas}}
{{Israel jet aircraft}}

WZ551 (Family)

2024-06-04T12:50:34Z

U153435799:

==Description==
The '''WZ551''' is a family of Chinese APCs.

==Vehicles==

===Rank VI===

* [[PTL02]]

* [[WMA301]]
* [[AFT09]]

==See also==
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WZ-551

[[Category:Family pages]]

WZ551 (Family)

2024-06-04T12:47:25Z

U153435799:

== Description ==
The WZ551 is a family of Chinese APCs.

== Vehicles ==

=== Rank VI ===

* [[PTL02]]

* [[WMA301]]
* [[AFT09]]

== External links ==
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WZ-551
[[Category:Family pages]]

WZ551 (Family)

2024-06-04T12:46:32Z

U153435799: the WZ-551 family needs a family page.

== Description ==
The WZ551 is a family of Chinese APCs.

== Vehicles ==

=== Rank VI ===

* [[PTL02]]

* [[WMA301]]
* [[AFT09]]

== External links ==
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WZ-551

Battle Pass: Season XI, "Her Majesty's Hussar"

2024-03-05T11:02:19Z

U153435799: /* Awards */

{{Notice
|This article is about the eleventh [[Battle Pass]] season.

Season is available from 26th April 2023.
}}

== Awards ==
<gallery>
File:BP XI centurion mk2.png|[[Centurion Mk.2]]
File:BP XI p 51c 10.png|[[J26 David]]
File:BP XI s 700 s 701.png|[[S-701]]
</gallery>

<gallery>
File:BP_XI_cardicon_hussar.png|Profile icon "Hussar squadron officer"
File:BP_XI_decor_shako.png|Tank decoration "Shako"
File:BP_XI_lewis_gun.png|Tank decoration "Lewis gun"
File:BP_XI_decor_cavalryman_statue.png|Ship decoration "Horseman statue"
</gallery>

<gallery class="dark-thumb">
File:BP_XI_ca_1st_hussars_decal.png|Decal "Emblem of the 1st Hussars"
File:BP_XI_kings_royal_hussars_decal.png|Decal "Emblem of the King’s Royal Hussars"
File:BP_XI_april_son_text.png|Decal "April Son" text
File:BP_XI_humorist_text.png|Decal "Humorist" text
</gallery>

Legend:

* Level - a cell with a prize. Opens for 10 progress points.
* Free - the award doesn't require Battle Pass to be received.

{| class="wikitable zebra" width="100%"
|-
! width="50px" | Level
! Prize
! width="50px" | Availability
|-
| 1 || 400 {{wb}} Warbond shop level I || Free
|-
| 2 || {{rp}} Booster ||
|-
| 3 || Decal "April Son" text || Free
|-
| 4 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} ||
|-
| 5 || Order || Free
|-
| 6 || {{Sl}} Booster ||
|-
| 7 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} || Free
|-
| 8 || Universal back-ups ||
|-
| 9 || J26 David test-drive || Free
|-
| 10 || {{rp}} Booster pack ||
|-
| 11 || 500 {{wb}} Warbond shop level II || Free
|-
| 12 || Order ||
|-
| 13 || {{rp}} Booster || Free
|-
| 14 || Premium account (10 days) ||
|-
| 15 || Universal back-ups || Free
|-
| 16 || {{sl}} Booster pack ||
|-
| 17 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} || Free
|-
| 18 || Wager ||
|-
| 19 || {{Sl}} Booster || Free
|-
| 20 || Universal back-ups ||
|-
| 21 || Access to the first season challenge || Free
|-
| 22 || Decal "Emblem of the 1st Hussars" ||
|-
| 23 || 850 {{wb}} Warbond shop level III || Free
|-
| 24 || {{rp}} Booster pack ||
|-
| 25 || Order || Free
|-
| 26 || {{Sl}} Booster pack ||
|-
| 27 || Wager ||
|-
| 28 || Decal "Humorist" text || Free
|-
| 29 || {{rp}} Booster ||
|-
| 30 || Battle Pass bonus pack ({{rp}} Boosters, Back-ups, Silver Lions {{Sl}}) ||
|-
| 31 || Universal back-ups || Free
|-
| 32 || Battle Pass bonus pack ({{Sl}} Boosters, Back-ups, Silver Lions {{Sl}}) ||
|-
| 33 || Tank decoration "Shako" ||
|-
| 34 || {{Sl}} Booster || Free
|-
| 35 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} ||
|-
| 36 || {{rp}} Booster ||
|-
| 37 || 850 {{wb}} Warbond shop level IV || Free
|-
| 38 || Vehicle activated on the account (S-701) ||
|-
| 39 || {{Sl}} Booster ||
|-
| 40 || Access to the second season challenge || Free
|-
| 41 || Camouflage activated on the account (S-701: Night camouflage) ||
|-
| 42 || Back-ups (Coastal fleet, Germany) ||
|-
| 43 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} || Free
|-
| 44 || Battle Pass bonus pack ({{rp}} Boosters, Back-ups, Silver Lions {{Sl}}) ||
|-
| 45 || Decal "Emblem of the King’s Royal Hussars" ||
|-
| 46 || Wager || Free
|-
| 47 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} ||
|-
| 48 || 200 {{wb}} || Free
|-
| 49 || Battle Pass bonus pack ({{Sl}} Boosters, Back-ups, Silver Lions {{Sl}}) ||
|-
| 50 || Order ||
|-
| 51 || Vehicle coupon, non-tradable (J26 David) || Free
|-
| 52 || {{rp}} Booster ||
|-
| 53 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} ||
|-
| 54 || Camouflage activated on the account (J26 David: Unpainted) || Free
|-
| 55 || {{Sl}} Booster ||
|-
| 56 || Back-ups (Aircrafts, Sweden) ||
|-
| 57 || 850 {{wb}} Warbond shop level V || Free
|-
| 58 || Tank decoration "Lewis gun" ||
|-
| 59 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} ||
|-
| 60 || Access to the third season challenge || Free
|-
| 61 || {{rp}} Booster ||
|-
| 62 || Battle Pass bonus pack ({{rp}} Boosters, Back-ups, Silver Lions {{Sl}}) ||
|-
| 63 || {{Sl}} Booster ||
|-
| 64 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} || Free
|-
| 65 || Profile icon "Hussar squadron officer" ||
|-
| 66 || Battle Pass bonus pack ({{Sl}} Boosters, Back-ups, Silver Lions {{Sl}}) ||
|-
| 67 || Order ||
|-
| 68 || 200 {{wb}} || Free
|-
| 69 || Universal back-ups ||
|-
| 70 || {{rp}} Booster ||
|-
| 71 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} ||
|-
| 72 || Ship decoration "Horseman statue" || Free
|-
| 73 || {{Sl}} Booster ||
|-
| 74 || Universal back-ups ||
|-
| 75 || Coupon for vehicle, non-tradable (Centurion Mk.2) ||
|-
| 76-78 || 80 {{wb}} || 76 Free
|-
| 79 || Camouflage (Centurion Mk.2: "Hussar" camouflage) ||
|-
| 80 || 850 {{wb}} Warbond shop level VI || Free
|-
| 81-99 || 80 {{wb}} || 85, 90, 95 Free
|-
| 100 || Loading screen "Centurion Mk.2" || Free
|-
| 101-104 || 100 {{wb}} ||
|-
| 105 || J26 David coupon upgrade (can be used to convert a J26 David coupon to a tradable one; a set of two upgrade can be used to purchase the next season’s Battle Pass) ||
|-
| 106-124 || 100 {{wb}} || 110, 120 Free
|-
| 125 || Centurion Mk.2 coupon upgrade (can be used to convert a Centurion Mk.2 to a tradable one; a set of two upgrade can be used to purchase the next season’s Battle Pass) ||
|-
| 126-149 || 100 {{wb}} || 130, 140 Free
|-
| 150 || Title "Dashing Hussar" || Free
|-
| 151 upwards || 80 {{wb}} || Free
|}

== Season challenges ==
{| class="wikitable zebra" width="100%"
!Name
!Description
!Requirements
!Time to complete (DD.MM)
|-
|Cavalry Charge
|Destroy or help allied players destroy the specified number of player vehicles
|250 vehicles
|26.04 — 17.05
|-
|Out of the Frying Pan into the Fire
|Receive a specified number of mission points in each of the following modes: air battles, ground battles, naval battles
|10,000 Mission Points in each mode
|03.05 — 24.05
|-
|Dashing courage
|Receive a specified number of streaks
|30 awards [[Awards|"Adamant"]]
|10.05 — 31.05
|-
|Glorious Story
|Play a specified number of battles while destroying at least four player vehicles and capturing one point in each
|15 missions
|17.05 — 07.06
|-
|Crazy Bravado
|Destroy 3 player vehicles without losing your own while driving a strike aircraft a specified number of times
|10 times
|24.05 — 14.06
|-
|Fortune's Favourite
|Receive a specified number of streaks
|10 awards [[Awards|"Professional"]]
|31.05 — 21.06
|-
|Intense Excitement
|Destroy a specified number of ground and naval player vehicles each while using unguided aircraft rockets
|10 vehicles "Ship/Boat" and "Tank"
|07.06 — 28.06
|-
|Elite Squadron
|Receive a specified number of mission points where vehicles of the current season of the Battle Pass were used
|20,000 Mission Points
|14.06 — 05.07
|-
|Roundhouse
|Destroy a specified number of player air vehicles using aircraft offensive armament with a calibre of at least 35 mm
|15 vehicles
|21.06 — 12.07
|-
|Fearless Badass
|Destroy a specified number of player vehicles at the distance of less than 50 meters
|10 vehicles
|28.06 — 19.07
|-
|Skilled Lunge
|Destroy 2 player vehicles in 15 seconds the specified number of times
|15 times
|05.07 — 26.07
|-
|Big Game Hunt
|Destroy a specified number of player-controlled Bluewater ships with torpedoes using a coastal fleet vessel
|10 vehicles
|From the moment of receipt to the end of the season
|-
|Hussar Ballad
|Receive a specified number of streaks
|7 awards [[Awards|"Hero of the Sky"]] or [[Awards|"Heavy Metal Hero"]] or [[Awards|"Terror of the Sea"]]
|From the moment of receipt to the end of the season
|-
|Masterful Sabrage
|Destroy a specified number of player vehicles using an unguided bomb while at a distance of at least 4,000 meters from the target at the moment of impact
|5 vehicles
|From the moment of receipt to the end of the season
|-
|Courage Award
|Complete all the Season's Challenges
|14 challenges
|
|}

== External links ==

* [[wt:en/news/8209-battle-pass-meet-her-majesty-s-hussar-the-11th-season-of-battle-pass-en|[Battle Pass] Meet Her Majesty's Hussar, the 11th season of Battle Pass]]

[[Category:Battle Pass seasons]]

J-11

2024-02-17T14:34:34Z

U153435799: /* Flight performance */

{{Specs-Card
|code=j_11
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (歼-11型歼击机; NATO Codename: Flanker-B), aka '''Su-27SK''' by Sukhoi or '''苏-27''' in PLAAF manuals, is one of the main composition of the PLAAF's modern interceptor fleet since the early 1990s as the overseas solution to upgrade the outdated PLAAF. By 1989, soon after the improving of Sino-Soviet relationships and the nationwide riots during the economic reform, the only viable solution to upgrade PLAAF was from USSR due to the subsequent embargo imposed by NATO countries; a group of military staffs of PLAAF soon departed for the USSR to import the latest Soviet interceptors. Initially, the VVS promoted the [[MiG-29]] to Chinese generals during their visit to Kubinka Airbase, but the generals soon spotted the state-of-the-art interceptor [[Su-27|Su-27S]] at the airbase and the later crash of the Fulcrum during a demonstration flight made the PLAAF go for the Flanker. After a series of meetings and an interesting behind-the-scene story, the deal was set to purchase the 38th and 39th batches of Su-27S at around USD $1 Billion for 24 jets (18 Su-27SK and 6 UBK twin-seater) and 22 jets respectively. After the fall of the Soviet Union, the PLAAF saw the possibility to purchase the production license of the Su-27SK in 1993. After threats that no further jets would be ordered from KnAAPO and a long negotiation with the now-Russian Federation, 200 Su-27SK would be assembled by SAC within 15 years since 1996. The licensed Su-27SK, now called J-11A would increase domestic production rate through the 5 batches. The design of Flanker alongside with its blueprints and punched tapes were further refined by Chinese engineers with the help of CAD, revising the redundancies of the original design and eventually set the foundation for the J-11B (Flanker-L) and future Flanker derivatives.

Introduced in [[Update "Air Superiority"]] as part of the upgrade, the J-11 shares a close to identical performance to its Soviet counterpart (while 570 kg heavier). Thanks to its well refined aerodynamic design, power engines, loads of A-A weaponries and sufficiently powerful radar/IRST, the J-11 leads the PLAAF into the current apex of air battles. While its sheer size and inferior electronics can be a problem in different occasions, the J-11 will not disappoint players with its iconic features.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

In short words: the overall flight performance is close to identical to Soviet's Su-27. Thanks to the well-refined airframe which took almost a decade to design, the Su-27 series is famous for its great manoeuvrability even at its huge size. To put it in perspective: the Su-27/J-11 is almost 4 m longer than MiG-29 series at 21 m, while it is at very similar length to PLAAF's own J-8II series, the large, trapezium wing still makes it the overall largest PLAAF interceptor up to present day (including the domestic refined J-11B and later variants). In first glance, players might consider such a huge jet doesn't have as much manoeuvrability as MiG-29 series; when they eventually have the chance to fight the J-11, they will soon know that it will be a hassle to handle, thanks to the FBW systems, airframe designs and two powerful AL-31F engine that gives almost average T/W ratio at 1.0, most earlier jets from lower BR will have major problem handling the J-11. When players expect to see an stall-out Flanker, what they might see is that: their own jet will be the first one to stall out before the Flanker eventually stalls out, sometimes even performing the iconic Pugachev's Cobra - where the jet can achieve up to 110° AoA at such speed while pulling the control stick and level out at the same altitude, therefore players might want to think twice before engaging the J-11.

But just like what the introduction mentioned, the problem is also its sheer size. Considering for its 21x14 m size, it is also easy to land shots or missiles upon the J-11 if players make an error during aerial dogfights; any damaged part of the airframe will significantly increase drag of Flanker and thus higher risk of being shot down. Be sure to utilize its manoeuvrability in solo fights, not gang fights with very little reaction time and room for errors - one wrong move can be its demise. As for the Pugachev's Cobra, it is more of aerobatics than a tactic to reverse the battle, it is never a good idea to show the largest possible surface area to enemy guns.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at _,___ m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| ___ || ___ || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,540  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || - || 652 || 600 || ~__ || ~__
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 680 || < 750 || < 700 || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Saturn AL-31F || 2
| colspan="2" | 16,990 kg || colspan="3" | 426 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 13m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 44m fuel
|-
| 1,520 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning low-bypass turbofan
| 19,810 kg || 21,184 kg || 23,281 kg || 26,390 kg || 34,489 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 13m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 44m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 7,450 kgf || 12,028 kgf
| 1.21 || 1.14 || 1.03 || 0.91 || 0.70
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 7,450 kgf (0 km/h) || 15,640 kgf (1,540 km/h)
| 1.58 || 1.48 || 1.34 || 1.19 || 0.91
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

By 1980s, to further reduce the weight, most interceptors were not equipped with extra armor plates for both the pilot and critical components; this is no exception for the Flanker series, thus the pilot can face fatal hits from both autocannons or missile shrapnel.

Meanwhile, all the 5 fuel tanks onboard are self-sealed, meaning that with the help of researchable fire extinguishers, the J-11 can save itself from fatal structural failure in case of a fire.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs) !! Lead indicator
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|GSh-30-1 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 30 mm GSh-30-1 cannon, wing root-mounted (150 rpg)
* 96 x large calibre countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="5%" | 1 !! width="5%" | 2 !! width="5%" | 3 !! width="5%" | 4 !! width="5%" | 5 !! width="5%" | 6 !! width="5%" | 7 !! width="5%" | 8 !! width="5%" | 9 !! width="5%" | 10
| rowspan="19" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_Su-27.png]]</div>
|-
! [[OFAB-100 (100 kg)|100 kg OFAB-100]] bombs
| || 1 || 6 || 6 || 6 || 6 || 6 || 6 || 1 ||
|-
! [[FAB-250M-62 (250 kg)|250 kg FAB-250M-62]] bombs
| || || 1, 2 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[OFAB-250-270 (250 kg)|250 kg OFAB-250-270]] bombs
| || 1 || 1, 2, 6 || 1, 5 || 1, 4 || 1, 2 || 1, 5 || 1, 2, 6 || 1 ||
|-
! [[OFAB-250Sh (250 kg)|250 kg OFAB-250Sh]] bombs
| || || 1, 2 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[FAB-500M-62 (500 kg)|500 kg FAB-500M-62]] bombs
| || || 1, 2 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[FAB-500Sh (500 kg)|500 kg FAB-500Sh]] bombs
| || || 1, 2 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[ZB-500 incendiary]] bombs
| || || 1, 2 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[S-8KO]] rockets
| || || 20, 40 || || || || || 20, 40 || ||
|-
! [[S-13OF]] rockets
| || || 5, 10 || || || || || 5, 10 || ||
|-
! [[S-25O]] rockets
| || || 1, 2 || || || || || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[S-25OF]] rockets
| || || 1, 2 || || || || || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[S-25OFM]] rockets
| || || 1, 2 || || || || || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[R-27ER1]] missiles
| || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || ||
|-
! [[R-27ET1]] missiles
| || || 1 || || || || || 1 || ||
|-
! [[R-27R1]] missiles
| || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || ||
|-
! [[R-27T1]] missiles
| || || 1 || || || || || 1 || ||
|-
! [[R-73E]] missiles
| 1 || 1 || 1 || || || || || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
| colspan="11" | Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 1,500 kg
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* Without load
* 2 x R-73E missiles
* 6 x R-73E missiles
* 2 x R-27T1 missiles
* 6 x R-27R1 missiles
* 2 x R-27ET1 missiles
* 6 x R-27ER1 missiles
* 80 x S-8KO rockets
* 20 x S-13OF rockets
* 4 x S-25O rockets
* 38 x 100 kg OFAB-100 bombs (3,800 kg total)
* 30 x 250 kg OFAB-250-270 bombs (7,500 kg total)
* 8 x 250 kg FAB-250M-62 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 8 x 250 kg OFAB-250Sh bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 8 x 500 kg FAB-500M-62 bombs (4,000 kg total)
* 8 x 500 kg FAB-500Sh bombs (4,000 kg total)
* 8 x ZB-500 incendiary bombs
{{Navigation-End}}

The J-11's arsenal is entirely Soviet, which presents interesting new opportunities for pilots used to Chinese top-tier aircraft. It is oriented as an air superiority fighter, lacking any guided air-to-ground munitions, but it has some tricks up its sleeve when the airspace is more permissive to CAS.

Two families of air-to-air missiles are available, the R-73 and the R-27. The R-73E is a functionally identical export version of the R-73 short-range, IR-guided missile seen on later Soviet aircraft like the [[MiG-29SMT]] and the [[Su-25T]]. It has a great 40 G overload, a thrust vectoring system that helps it maintain sustained hard turns, and ECCM to help resist flares. Compared to the domestic [[PL-8]], it's generally an all-round improvement aside from the lower top speed. R-73s can be mounted on any of the six wing hardpoints.

The R-27 comes in radar-guided (R-27R1 standard, R-27ER1 extended-range) and IR-guided (R-27T1 standard, R-27ET1 extended-range) flavors and are the J-11's main armament for medium and long range combat. The "1" suffix denotes export variants, but again they happen to perform identically. The R-27ER1 is the J-11's best weapon for BVR combat, as its extreme speed and long range allow it to win jousts against targets with slower missiles. The R-27ET1 is a great option for distant sneak attacks as it does not give any RWR warning to its target. R-27s can be mounted on any of the four fuselage pylons and also the inboard wing pylons, but the catch is that the IR-guided -T1 and -ET1 can only be mounted on the inboard wing pylons, and are thus limited to at most 2.

Three types of unguided rockets are available, all carried as double racks on the inboard wing pylons. The S-8KO HEAT rocket comes in large pods and is significantly better than its domestic Chinese equivalent (Type 90-1) with greater penetration, flight speed, and capacity. However at the J-11's battle rating, such weapons are rather questionable for jet fighters as they have issues harming MBTs from the front and have a limited effective range. The S-13OF can be considered a heavier and more powerful cousin to the Type 130-2 HE rocket with a bonus of one extra rocket per pod; it can destroy light targets through splash damage at fair distances and direct hits can still crack open MBTs with some luck. The S-25O heavy bunker-buster previously featured on the [[Su-25]] is a unique tool lacking any equivalent in the domestic Chinese arsenal; it carries only one shot per pod and packs more explosive content than a 100 kg bomb. It may seem like a crude weapon for an elegant air-superiority fighter, but in typical Soviet ground attack fashion the S-25O can blow anything on the ground to smithereens through brute force.

The J-11 is also an impressive bomb truck, ironically outclassing or matching the [[JH-7A]] fighter-bomber. Iron bombs are available in sizes of 100, 250, and 500 kg. Incendiary and high-drag bombs are available in the 500 kg size.

== Usage in battles ==

Although PLAAF deemed Su-27SK, aka J-11 as the main composition of PLAAF in 1990s and early 2000s, they did have plans to introduce the more advanced domestic avionics to replace the OEM equipment. As for J-11, although it has flawed avionics with inferior RWR and unreliable radar, the sheer payload and maneuverability can make it a great alternative to [[F-16A MLU (China)|ROCAF's F-16A]] in air battles while retaining sufficient but less advanced means for ground attack operations.

; Air Battle - The Far East Flanker

The concept of Flanker series are solely for air-interception missions; just looking to the overall payload of J-11, it still leave the trace of Soviet air-defense doctrine of intercepting enemy bombers with SARH missiles. But before players can unleash missile hell against enemy jets, R-27T1 and R-73E will be the only options for the J-11 at early stages; while R-73E is known for their maneuverability even at close distance and sufficient tracking radius against enemy targets, players will need to get used to a major rule of top-tier battles: always aim for those who didn't launch flares to interfere with the missile seeker. In most cases, jets within the 4 km radius of J-11 can be potential prey of R-73E as they are likely be concentrated on taking out friendly jets; thanks to the HMD on J-11 and great overload of R-73E, players can employ some of the most impressive maneuvers to make sure the missile is within the firing range. In most cases, unless enemy jets launched flares in very short interval, they will become easy prey for the missile. As for the R-27 series, both the E and R series with IR/radar seeker are the the best friends of J-11 thanks to their impressive thrust and overload at long distance; as long as the missile can keep on the track with enemy targets, both high and low-altitude targets will become an easy prey for players while earning more experiences for other usages.

But when players have the need to gun down enemy jets in dogfights, while the powerplants and design of J-11 can make sure it can sustain long enough dogfight before it took out enemies or the arrival of friendly jets, as mentioned in previous paragraph, it is better leave the J-11 as an interceptor to take out any high-altitude targets who also planned to take out the friendly targets with SARH or ARH missiles (i.e. F-14B), thus players have to keep a keen eye on any radar signals on the SPO-15LM RWR or from its N001E radar. Make sure to pick the best possible target to dealt with as this can also help friendlies to secure the victory of battle, as well as evading enemy tracking radar as much as possible which gives them as little reaction time as possible - it is always better to take out enemy targets before they even have the chance to fire upon friendly targets, which can in turn affect the morality of enemy team as well.

; Ground Battle - The Long-time Tradition

Among the Chinese community, there were a saying that ''"Anything in PLAAF must come with ground-attack capabilities using unguided rockets"''. This is in fact true for J-11 in this case as there are many images from PLAAF showing Su-27SK or future J-11B series carrying Russian/domestic rocket pods for ground attacks. The Flanker family is known for their interception capabilities but the rather abundant payload is also a good platform for ground-attack operations albeit lacking any precision munitions; pylons on J-11 is totally identical to Su-27S with multiple payload point, when players think a Flanker is nowhere an attacker, it does in fact have even more bombs in quantity to Chinese domestic JH-7A (30 x 250 kg bombs vs. 22 x 250 kg bombs) in case players want to cause extensive damage to enemy armored column. Players can also go for even more bombs with 100 kg bombs or better kill radius with 500 kg bombs, depending on the playstyle and the composition of enemy vehicles, it is always a good idea to carry varieties of bombs for heavy targets while leaving the rocket pods (twin pods) to handle light vehicles; for example, the FAB-500 series is a good idea to take out heavy targets in stationary or armored columns, while leaving B-8 or B-13 rocket pods against light vehicles or SPAAs. But as a thumb of rule of Flanker family in-game: always plan for your assault when entering the battlefield as enemy SPAAs or fighters would want to hunt down enemy jets as well. Thanks to the CCIP and CCRP onboard, the J-11 can employ both high-altitude or low-altitude approach against enemy targets, either by bombing a certain area filled with enemy vehicles or evading SPAAs before unleashing hell against enemy players. If the skies are full of enemy jets which SPAA systems could not handle, it will also be a good time to utilize the great missiles on J-11 ranging from R-73E up to the devastating R-27ER1; it is always a good idea to pick careless players that are too concentrated on ground-attacks.

=== Pros and cons ===
'''Pros:'''

* Impressive maneuverability
** Powerful AL-31F engine for maximum thrust and acceleration
** FBW control with great maneuverability even at low speeds
* Up to 10 missiles at once with flexibility for both long and short range combats
* IRST for concealed detection of enemies
* Large fuel tanks without the need for drop tanks
* Devastating 30 mm autocannon to tear down enemy targets
* Large pool of air-to-ground ordnance with up to bombs or rocket pods

'''Cons:'''

* Huge target
* Inferior electronics especially the RWR and radar
* Relative low ammo pool for the autocannon
* Lacks precision weapons for safer ground attacks appoaches

== History ==

==== The Komsomolets from Far East ====
The [[Su-27]] (NATO: Flanker) series were one of the top secrets of the Soviet Union since its introduction in 1985 with the PVO (Su-27P interceptor), which was deemed not-for-sale during the early days of its service as the USSR promotes their [[MiG-29_(Family)|MiG-29 series]] to their allies and potential customers. By May 1989, Mikhail Gobachev made his historical visit to Mainland China amid Chinese's nationwide protests for reform; however, the protests soon escalated to riots and resulted with the sanctions from NATO countries for any further military projects. Yevgeny Shaposhnikov, the last Minister of Defense in future, saw the possibilities to sell fighter jets to Mainland China. After the halt of [[J-8B|J-8II]] Project 8-2 and the commence of Project 8-3, PLAAF has dire need for new interceptors to fill in the gap as ROCAF would soon acquire [[Mirage_2000-5F|Mirage 2000-5]] and [[F-16A_MLU_(China)|F-16A Block 20]]; a team of general staff led by Liu Huaqing (刘华清) went to USSR in May 1990 and for the purchase of Soviet fighter jets as the Project 90-6 (906工程). During the talks, Chinese knew the existence of PVO and VVS' Flankers and changed their mind as soon as the general staffs saw the Flanker in Kubinka Airbase; soon after the crash of a [[MiG-29]] during demonstration flight later in September, Flanker became the obvious choice for PLAAF general staffs.

''There was a very interesting story behind the negotiations: according to the memories from Lin Hu (林虎), the vice-commander of PLAAF at the time, to defeat the "Ustinov's Rule", named after Dmitriy Feodorovich Ustinov (ex-Minister of Defense of USSR) where Soviet general staffs would use vodka as a way to negotiate for military aids/sales, PLAAF general staff found an officer who is "immune to alcohol" and eventually "took down" all Soviet general staffs in Beijing, earning a discounted price for the Flankers.''

Soon after the negotiations, USSR general staffs said there were possibilities to export Flankers to Mainland China; before the collapse of the Red Giant, Soviet Union agreed for the sales of 18 Su-27SK and 6 of its twin-seater variant, Su-27UBK at US $1 billion as the 38th batch of Su-27 produced by KnAAPO (Komsomolsk-on-Amur Aircraft Plant); these jets were all delivered in November 1992. Soon after the introduction of Flankers in PLAAF service, PLAAF went for the production license of Su-27S and threatened the Russians with no further orders after the 39th batch (22 jets); this later led to a long negotiation since August 1993 and eventually set the deal in December 1996, where 200 Su-27SK would be produced by SAC within 15 years. SAC would receive the CKD kits of Su-27SK from KnAAPO to be assembled locally, while future jets would be SKD kits with progressive rate on domestic parts; the Project 11 (11号工程) lead by Li Ming (李明; chief engineer of J-8II) soon received the documents in 1995 for the preparation of domestic assembly, the engineer team translated the documents for a year. With the manufacture equipment and SKD kits delivered to Shenyang in Spring of 1998, SAC assembled a complete jet with the help of Russian engineers and the first domestic assembled Su-27SK, now J-11A "Blue 49" with batch number 0001, soared into the skies on 1st September, 1998, marking one of the page of cooperation between Mainland China and Russia 4 decades after the split.

The J-11A series would be produced for another 4 batches (01xx to 04xx) before SAC finalized and digitalized the Flanker for domestic improvements, which would later known as the J-11B (Flanker-L) since 2006; while some J-11A received domestic and Belarusian upgrades for upgraded FCS and avionics. The Su-27SK and J-11A have been decommissioned by 2020s, likely been replaced by Chinese Flankers; while the Su-27UBK are still in service in small quantities as lead-in trainers for units operating Flankers.

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Shenyang}}
{{China jet aircraft}}

Mark 6 (Nuclear bomb)

2024-02-09T12:55:27Z

U153435799:

[[File:Weapon Mark 6 (Nuclear bomb).png|thumb|right|x250px|The Mark 6 (Nuclear bomb) launched from a B-29A-BN bomber.]]

== Description ==

''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===

[[B-29A-BN]]

== General info ==

''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the bomb.''

=== Effective damage ===

''Describe the type of damage produced by this type of bomb (high explosive, splash damage, etc)''

=== Comparison with analogues ===
''Give a comparative description of bombs that have firepower equal to this weapon.''

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe situations when you would utilise this bomb in-game (vehicle, pillbox, base, etc)''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


* [[Mark_7_(Nuclear_bomb)|☢Mark 7]]
* [[AN-52_(Nuclear_bomb)|☢AN-52]]
* [[RDS-4_(Nuclear_bomb)|☢RDS-4]]

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Nuclear_bombs}}

Battle Pass: Season XIV, "Airborne General"

2024-01-31T10:21:38Z

U153435799: /* Awards */

{{Notice
|This article is about the fourteenth [[Battle Pass]] season.

Season is available from 24th January 2024.
}}

== Awards ==
<gallery>
File:BP XIV fr destroyer le fantasque class le triomphant.png|[[Le Triomphant]]
File:BP XIV il 8 1944.png|[[IL-8 (1944)]]
File:BP XIV us m551 76.png|[[M551(76)]]
</gallery>

<gallery>
File:BP XIV fn scar.png|Tank decoration "Modern Assault rifle (USA)"
File:BP XIV mk19 grenade launcher.png|Tank decoration "Automatic grenade launcher (USA)"
File:BP XIV decor fuel pallet.png|Ship decoration "Fuel Blivet"
File:BP XIV cardicon paratrooper.png|Profile icon "US Paratrooper"
</gallery>

<gallery>
File:BP XIV us paramarines decal.png|Decal "Emblem of the Paramarines"
File:BP XIV us 1 marine parachute regiment decal.png|Decal "Emblem of the 1st Marine Infantry Parachute Regiment"
File:BP XIV us 101 ab division hq decal.png|Decal "Emblem of the 101st Airborne Division Headquarters"
File:BP XIV it 9 airborne regiment decal.png|Decal "Emblem of 9th Paratroopers Assault Regiment"
</gallery>

Legend:

* Level - a cell with a prize. Opens for 10 progress points.
* Free - the award doesn't require Battle Pass to be received.

{| class="wikitable zebra" width="100%"
|-
! width="50px" | Level
! Prize
! width="50px" | Availability
|-
| 1 || 400 {{wb}} Warbond shop level I || Free
|-
| 2 || {{rp}} Booster ||
|-
| 3 || Decal "Emblem of the Paramarines" || Free
|-
| 4 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} ||
|-
| 5 || Order || Free
|-
| 6 || {{Sl}} Booster ||
|-
| 7 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} || Free
|-
| 8 || Universal back-ups ||
|-
| 9 || IL-8 (1944) test-drive || Free
|-
| 10 || {{rp}} Booster pack ||
|-
| 11 || 500 {{wb}} Warbond shop level II || Free
|-
| 12 || Order ||
|-
| 13 || {{rp}} Booster || Free
|-
| 14 || Premium account (10 days) ||
|-
| 15 || Universal back-ups || Free
|-
| 16 || {{sl}} Booster pack ||
|-
| 17 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} || Free
|-
| 18 || Wager ||
|-
| 19 || {{Sl}} Booster || Free
|-
| 20 || Universal back-ups ||
|-
| 21 || Access to the first season challenge || Free
|-
| 22 || Decal "Emblem of the 1st Marine Infantry Parachute Regiment" ||
|-
| 23 || 850 {{wb}} Warbond shop level III || Free
|-
| 24 || {{rp}} Booster pack ||
|-
| 25 || Order || Free
|-
| 26 || {{Sl}} Booster pack ||
|-
| 27 || Wager ||
|-
| 28 || Decal "Emblem of the 101st Airborne Division Headquarters" || Free
|-
| 29 || {{rp}} Booster ||
|-
| 30 || Battle Pass bonus pack ({{rp}} Boosters, Back-ups, Silver Lions {{Sl}}) ||
|-
| 31 || Universal back-ups || Free
|-
| 32 || Battle Pass bonus pack ({{Sl}} Boosters, Back-ups, Silver Lions {{Sl}}) ||
|-
| 33 || Tank decoration "Modern Assault rifle (USA)" ||
|-
| 34 || {{Sl}} Booster || Free
|-
| 35 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} ||
|-
| 36 || {{rp}} Booster ||
|-
| 37 || 850 {{wb}} Warbond shop level IV || Free
|-
| 38 || Vehicle activated on the account (Le Triomphant) ||
|-
| 39 || {{Sl}} Booster ||
|-
| 40 || Access to the second season challenge || Free
|-
| 41 || Camouflage activated on the account (Le Triomphant: "Deforming camouflage") ||
|-
| 42 || Back-ups (Bluewater fleet, France) ||
|-
| 43 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} || Free
|-
| 44 || Battle Pass bonus pack ({{rp}} Boosters, Back-ups, Silver Lions {{Sl}}) ||
|-
| 45 || Decal "Emblem of 9th Paratroopers Assault Regiment" ||
|-
| 46 || Wager || Free
|-
| 47 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} ||
|-
| 48 || 200 {{wb}} || Free
|-
| 49 || Battle Pass bonus pack ({{Sl}} Boosters, Back-ups, Silver Lions {{Sl}}) ||
|-
| 50 || Order ||
|-
| 51 || Vehicle coupon, non-tradable (IL-8 (1944)) || Free
|-
| 52 || {{rp}} Booster ||
|-
| 53 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} ||
|-
| 54 || Camouflage activated on the account (IL-8 (1944): "Bicolor camouflage") || Free
|-
| 55 || {{Sl}} Booster ||
|-
| 56 || Back-ups (Aircraft, USSR) ||
|-
| 57 || 850 {{wb}} Warbond shop level V || Free
|-
| 58 || Tank decoration "Automatic grenade launcher (USA)" ||
|-
| 59 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} ||
|-
| 60 || Access to the third season challenge || Free
|-
| 61 || {{rp}} Booster ||
|-
| 62 || Battle Pass bonus pack ({{rp}} Boosters, Back-ups, Silver Lions {{Sl}}) ||
|-
| 63 || {{Sl}} Booster ||
|-
| 64 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} || Free
|-
| 65 || Profile icon "US Paratrooper" ||
|-
| 66 || Battle Pass bonus pack ({{Sl}} Boosters, Back-ups, Silver Lions {{Sl}}) ||
|-
| 67 || Order ||
|-
| 68 || 200 {{wb}} || Free
|-
| 69 || Universal back-ups ||
|-
| 70 || {{rp}} Booster ||
|-
| 71 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} ||
|-
| 72 || Ship decoration "Fuel Blivet" || Free
|-
| 73 || {{Sl}} Booster ||
|-
| 74 || Universal back-ups ||
|-
| 75 || Coupon for vehicle, non-tradable (M551(76)) ||
|-
| 76-78 || 80 {{wb}} || 76 Free
|-
| 79 || Camouflage (M551(76): "Tricolor camouflage") ||
|-
| 80 || 850 {{wb}} Warbond shop level VI || Free
|-
| 81-99 || 80 {{wb}} || 85, 90, 95 Free
|-
| 100 || Loading screen "M551(76)" || Free
|-
| 101-104 || 100 {{wb}} ||
|-
| 105 || IL-8 (1944) coupon upgrade (can be used to convert a IL-8 (1944) coupon to a tradable one; a set of two upgrade can be used to purchase the next season’s Battle Pass) ||
|-
| 106-124 || 100 {{wb}} || 110, 120 Free
|-
| 125 || M551(76) coupon upgrade (can be used to convert a M551(76) to a tradable one; a set of two upgrade can be used to purchase the next season’s Battle Pass) ||
|-
| 126-149 || 100 {{wb}} || 130, 140 Free
|-
| 150 || Title "Screaming Eagle" || Free
|-
| 151 upwards || 80 {{wb}} || Free
|}

== Season challenges ==
{| class="wikitable zebra" width="100%"
!Name
!Description
!Requirements
!Time to complete (DD.MM)
|-
|Fire contact
|Destroy the specified number of player vehicles
|150 vehicles
|24.01 — 14.02
|-
|All-American Division
|Play a specified number battles on US vehicles
|35 battles
|31.01 — 21.02
|-
|Air Support
|Destroy a specified number of player vehicles using unguided aircraft rockets of various masses: less than 40 kg, more than 40 kg
|5 vehicles each
|07.02 — 28.02
|-
|Only Forward
|Win the specified number of battles whilst destroying at least three enemy vehicles in each battle
|15 battles
|14.02 — 06.03
|-
|Thunder from Heaven
|Destroy a specified number of player vehicles using an ammunition belt for stealth attack
|25 vehicles
|21.02 — 13.03
|-
|Surrounded
|Destroy a specified number of player vehicles of each type: Airplane, Helicopter, Ground vehicles , Bluewater fleet, Coastal fleet
|3 vehicles each
|28.02 — 20.03
|-
|Paramarines Attack
|Destroy a specified number player vehicles using a Bluewater ship torpedo
|7 vehicles
|06.03 — 27.03
|-
|Screaming Eagles
|Receive a specified number of mission points where vehicles of the current season of the Battle Pass were used
|20 000 Mission Points
|13.03 — 03.04
|-
|Forward Patrol
|Destroy a specified number of player vehicles using a light tank
|50 vehicles
|20.03 — 10.04
|-
|Geronimo!
|Destroy a specified number player vehicles while controlling vehicles of 4 different ranks from ranks 3 to 8
|4 vehicles each
|27.03 — 17.04
|-
|Bald Eagle
|Destroy 3 player vehicles without losing your own while using a strike aircraft a specified number of times
|10 times
|03.04 — 24.04
|-
|Capture and Hold
|Win a specified number of battles while destroying at least one other player's vehicle and capturing one point
|25 battles
|From the moment of receipt to the end of the season
|-
|Rendezvous With Destiny
|Play the specified number of battles whilst being ranked 1st in a team
|25 battles
|From the moment of receipt to the end of the season
|-
|Lunging Strike
|Destroy 2 player vehicles in 15 seconds the specified number of times
|15 times
|From the moment of receipt to the end of the season
|-
|Medal of Honor
|Complete all the Season's Challenges
|14 challenges
|
|}

[[Category:Battle Pass seasons]]

SU-5-1

2024-01-27T14:05:38Z

U153435799: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_su_5_1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.67 "Assault"]].

The SU-5-1 is a crude SPG built off the T-26 chassis. The T-26 chassis of the SU-5-1 allows it to place itself with relative ease on any spot on the map. The high gun shield can lure the enemy into firing too high, missing the crew. If a hit goes into the body, with a bit of luck, APHE ammo will not detonate on contact and instead go straight through, leaving little spalling damage. The vehicle's crew of 5 will allow some casualties before the loss of efficiency.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, gun shield)
* Structural steel (gun barrel, gun breech)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 15 mm ''Upper plate'' 15 mm (17°) ''Upper plate - Driver hatch'' 7 mm (79°) ''Upper glacis'' 15 mm (10°) ''Lower plate'' 15 mm (53°) ''Lower glacis'' || 15 mm || 10 mm || 7 mm (11°) ''Front glacis'' 8 mm ''Engine compartment''
|-
| Gun shield || 15 mm (27°) ''Gun shield - Top'' 15 mm ''Gun shield - Bottom'' 15 mm (cylindrical) ''Gun mantlet'' || 15 mm || N/A || N/A
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick and tracks are 15 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 6 mm thick.

Given the very thin armour on the hull and gun shield, this vehicle is a textbook example of a glass cannon. The T-26 chassis has mobility, but due to the top and back having no armour, stray artillery strikes can easily decimate the crew members. The SU-5-1's all-round armour protection, being around 15 mm, is inadequate against anything other than rifle-calibre bullets. Any cannon is able to easily tear through the thin sheet of metal and hurt the crew/modules inside. Moreover, any flanking light tank and strafing aircraft poses a paramount threat to the {{PAGENAME}}, since a short spray of their machine gun could knock your crew out. It is recommended to take positions where you do not have to rely on your armour.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=128|rbMinHp=80}}

The SU-5-1 has unsatisfactory mobility, sharing the chassis with [[T-26-4]] and all of its poor drive characteristics. Its average speed on hard surfaces is only ~25 km/h, with very sluggish acceleration due to the weak engine, meaning it will be left behind by pretty much every other unit. This includes other low-BR SPGs, so taking the most attractive positions will be tricky. The top speed is also low, meaning it struggles in both short-range and long-range manoeuvres. The SU-5-1 is sufficiently mobile enough to climb hills or traverse muddy terrain, but will do so really slowly. Its hull traverse is also very slow, which makes it difficult to respond to flankers. It's reverse speed is slow too, at -5 km/h, is not ideal. Properly playing the SU-5-1 takes patience and a thorough understanding of the map.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|1902/30 (76 mm)}}

The 76 mm 1902/30 cannon has above average horizontal guidance for this SPG of ±15°, allowing the SU-5-1 to fight without traversing the hull too much. The stock BR-350A APHEBC shell is able to frontally penetrate and take out pretty much any target it encounters with a single shot like the [[Pz.IV C]], the [[Chi-Ha (Family)|Chi-Ha]] or the [[M13/40 (III)]], making the SU-5-1 a capable tank destroyer. The large explosive filler also means that if the shot is not placed well enough (e.g. hitting the very edge of crew compartment instead of dead centre) it is still more than likely to knock out most of the crew members with the post-penetration explosion, which is less precision-demanding and more beginner-friendly. A similar gun can be found on the [[KV-1 (L-11)]], being a great testament to the staying power and the capability of this gun. The gun slewing speed is adequate to keep track of targets with moderate speed, but will struggle against fast targets like the [[AS 42]], especially if they are up close. The reload time is quite decent for the gun's power.

The biggest and most noticeable drawback of the SU-5-1's armament, however, is the extremely limited ammunition capacity of only 8 rounds. While most players are likely to die before they can fire all of that, this can be a serious issue if one manages to survive long enough and has no friendly capture points nearby. As such, the player must make every shot count. Another disadvantage is the below-average gun depression of -5°, which means that the SU-5-1 may have difficulties taking certain positions behind or on top of hills.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[1902/30 (76 mm)|76 mm 1902/30]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 8 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+60° || rowspan="2" | ±15° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 7.0 || 9.7 || 11.8 || 13.1 || 13.9 || rowspan="2" | 5.59 || rowspan="2" | 4.95 || rowspan="2" | 4.56 || rowspan="2" | 4.30
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 4.8 || 5.6 || 6.8 || 7.5 || 8.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:1902/30 (76 mm)/Ammunition|BR-350A (MD-5 fuze), BR-350SP, OF-350M}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''8''' || 1 ''(+7)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Shells are modelled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* It is recommended to go into battle with a full rack as the ammo capacity is already limited.

== Usage in battles ==

This vehicle is the perfect (and only) SPG for Soviet tech tree beginners: somewhat fragile, decently fast and carrying a gun similar to what is found in higher ranks. It is a great trainer for later gameplay.

As an open-backed SPG, it is advised to never be seen by the enemy, especially if flanked. Since the gun's ballistics are somewhat tricky to learn and the ammo count is limited, it is recommended to ambush enemies near capture points, preferably by your team's side. Aim carefully, regarding both the vertical and horizontal leading when attacking a moving target, although this is not advised if the moving target is a heavy tank or is very fast since that will make leading your heavy shells a hard task. With a capacity of 8 shells, you cannot afford to miss a shot.

As a tank destroyer/SPG, it is recommended to play as supporting fire in the rear lines of the team, never at the front but not too far back, repelling enemy assaults on the point. One tactic is to find a spot with a good view near a capture point or bury yourself in a dark alley (if you have fast reflexes since if you miss the target might be aware and attack you). Then you wait to see the enemy fall into your sights. Do not forget to move to the nearest captured point after each 1-2 enemies destroyed to reload since your ammo count is very low (sometimes you won't even have enough ammo to finish the second enemy, make sure to engage only if necessary in this case).

This role can be accomplished at any time in the game but it needs two things to be fulfilled: a captured objective nearby and a cooperative team. The objective will be your ammo and target supply since when waiting on a captured point you get an ammo refill. Ammo will be refilled one by one at roughly the same rate as your vehicle can shoot (about a minute for full loadout in this case). A cooperative team will help hold the point since you probably can't do it all by yourself. Moving means putting yourself at high risk of being spotted in a poor position. If your team loses the point, it is recommended not to rush for it since the rest of the enemy team may be following behind the person capturing the point. It is advised for your allies to help and stay hidden, taking careful shots at well-chosen enemies. Remember to move after firing a shot, since you pose a large threat in terms of firepower at that battle-rating, and the light tanks will start hunting for you if you keep camping.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

* [[Flakpanzer 38]], [[AS 42]]: although SPAAs, in general, are a huge threat, these two are especially menacing since they are fast, small, and armed with powerful autocannons. Their shells can easily penetrate the SU-5-1's armour even without using HVAP rounds and their high rate of fire allows them to spray shells evenly over the SU-5-1 to knock out any surviving crew member, significantly decreasing the SU-5-1's chance of survival. These two SPAAs are also weakly armoured, meaning that the SU-5-1's AP shells will overpenetrate without detonating thus dealing minimal damage. The SU-5-1 doesn't have any MG which makes it even harder to deal with fast and tiny targets with exposed crews like them. A lot of the time these SPAAs will only expose their gunner while scraping back and forth, and it is quite challenging to precisely hit something the size of a human torso moving patternlessly behind cover. Unlike most other tank destroyers, the SU-5-1 often does not have enough spare ammunition space to fit in HE rounds, and so unless they are taken, the AP rounds will be the vehicle's only form of retaliation.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Transmission in the front can absorb shots
* High crew count means it can afford to take a few shots, especially from tanks without HE filler or MG
* Fast reload (6.5s base)
* Good gun traverse angle
* Decent penetration on stock rounds
* Good shell diversity
* Potent post-penetration damage on the APHEBC round

'''Cons:'''

* Extremely low ammo count (8 rounds)
* Exposed and cramped gun crew that can be destroyed with machine gun fire, or a HE shell somewhere in the rear
* Weak front armour, susceptible to machine gun fire
* Rather tall profile due to gun placement
* Somewhat low shell speeds means it's hard to land a shot on a moving target
* Average gun depression of -5°
* Vehicle is very slow

== History ==

[[File:Su-5-1 Historical.jpg|thumb|right|Photograph of one of the SU-5-1 units built]]
SU-5-1 (СУ-5-1) was conceived as the first of "small triplets" (малого триплекса, the other two being SU-5-2 and SU-5-3), with a goal of providing support for the mechanized troops and cavalry using a standardized chassis for multiple roles. SU-5-1 was anti-tank, -2 was howitzer and -3 provided mortar support. This was to ease maintenance and production. An estimated 5 units were built, after testing they took part in the 1939 invasion of Poland at the beginning of World War 2, however, they never fired at the Polish units.

The dated, but abundant, [[1902/30 (76 mm)#History|76 mm divisional gun M1902]] is put on a modified chassis of the T-26. The key difference includes moving the engine to the front of the chassis, to make space for the gun crew. Overall the evaluators concluded the chassis to be overweight and pressed for AT-1 instead, which in the end didn't enter into serial production either. Eventually, the Soviet army settled for [[T-26-4]] and BT-7A (which is the basis for the in-game [[BT-7 (F-32)]]).

This SPG was operated from a stationary position, where two crew members operated the gun from the ground. It was designed to be accompanied by an ammunition carrier based on the same chassis, that would support the firing position.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_su_5_1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|sS7fOV2UGH4|'''Community Choice, SU-5-1. Putting the record straight''' - ''Joseph 2000''|_KkCsRzeh-A|'''A Meme Gone Too Far - ☭SU-5-1 Tank Destroyer''' - ''MikeGoesBoom''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[T-26 (Family)]]

;Vehicles of comparable role, configuration and era

* [[Panzerjager I|Panzerjäger I]]
* [[Lorraine 37L]]
* [[Spj fm/43-44]]

== External links ==


* [https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/russia/su-5-1933.htm <nowiki>[GlobalSecurity.org]</nowiki> SU-5 self-propelled artillery]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/soviet/su-26 <nowiki>[The Online Tank Museum]</nowiki> SU-26]

{{TankManufacturer OKMO}}
{{USSR tank destroyers}}

Su-27

2023-12-16T02:46:59Z

U153435799: /* Details */

{{Specs-Card
|code=su_27
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

Shortly after the Vietnam War, both the United States and the Soviet Union got to work on a new generation of fighter aircraft that favoured manoeuvrability and dogfight performance over top speed, after seeing how badly "missile truck" designs like the [[F-4 Phantom II (Family)|F-4 Phantom II]] performed against more nimble aircraft that were as much as 20 years older. In 1969, the Soviet Union received details through spies on the USAF's F-X program and the aircraft it was leading to, the [[F-15A|F-15 Eagle]]. As a result, the Soviets also decided to adopt a "Heavy support" doctrine with their new generation of fighters, with a smaller amount of a larger, more powerful aircraft supporting a larger amount of smaller, cheaper "frontline" aircraft just as the US was going to do with the F-15 and [[F-16 (Family)|F-16]] respectively. The design of the heavy fighter was handed to OKB Sukhoi, which quickly produced the T-10 prototype. The T-10 had many shortcomings, and after a lot of work with {{Annotation|TsAGI|Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute of Moscow}} to iron out the issues, the Su-27 would take to the skies for the first time in 1977. Development would continue further, and the first true "production models" would only enter service in 1985, beginning a fruitious life in Soviet service, and later in Chinese, Ethiopian, Vietnamese, Eritrian, Indonesian, Ukranian, Kazakh, Uzbekh, and Russian service with many aircraft of the type still seeing combat today.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (NATO reporting name: ''Flanker'') was introduced in [[Update "Air Superiority"]] as the top-end heavy fighter for the USSR tree, capping off the Sukhoi line and beginning its transition from high speed fighter-bombers to the venerable Flanker family. The Su-27 is a jack of all trades yet a master of almost none, and that playstyle is its strongest suite. The Flanker carries a very generous amount of air to air missiles (ten), including up to six heat-seeking missiles with HMD targeting, and four of the infamous R-27ER coupled with the strong N001 Mech radar. The Flanker's lethal missile selection allows it to dispatch distracted many enemies at safe distances, and when push comes to shove, the Flanker's inherently unstable airframe and fly-by-wire control systems allows it to perform high angle-of-attack manoeuvres and partial post-stall manoeuvres at lower speeds, including the famed Cobra manoeuvres. All in all, the Su-27 should be played as a jack of all trades, and fits best into a very aggressive playable due to its lethal missiles, great avionics and sensors, and nimble flight performance. One must, however, be aware of various enemies you can encounter in the Flanker, such as all the aircraft that carry IRCCM missiles due to the Flanker's large heat signature as a result of the two massive AL-31 engines, but also be careful of dogfighting aircraft from the F-15 Eagle family, as the Eagle's superior TWR and high-speed handling as a result of the stable airframe will give F-15 players an advantage in some scenarios.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at _,___ m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| ___ || ___ || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | ___
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| _ || _ || _ || ✓ || _ || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || ___ || ___ || ___ || ~__ || ~__
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < ___ || < ___ || < ___ || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | _____ || _
| colspan="2" | _,___ kg || colspan="2" | ___ kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! _m fuel || __m fuel || __m fuel
|-
| ___ kg || colspan="2" | ___
| _,___ kg || _,___ kg || _,___ kg || _,___ kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (___%/WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || ___%/WEP
! _m fuel || __m fuel || __m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || ___ kgf || ___ kgf
| _.__ || _.__ || _.__ || _.__
|-
| ''Optimal'' || ___ kgf (_ km/h) || ___ kgf (_ km/h)
| _.__ || _.__ || _.__ || _.__
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs) !! Lead indicator
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|GSh-30-1 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 30 mm GSh-30-1 cannon, wing root-mounted (150 rpg)
* 96 x large calibre countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="5%" | 1 !! width="5%" | 2 !! width="5%" | 3 !! width="5%" | 4 !! width="5%" | 5 !! width="5%" | 6 !! width="5%" | 7 !! width="5%" | 8 !! width="5%" | 9 !! width="5%" | 10
| rowspan="19" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! [[OFAB-100 (100 kg)|100 kg OFAB-100]] bombs
| || 1 || 6 || 6 || 6 || 6 || 6 || 6 || 1 ||
|-
! [[FAB-250M-62 (250 kg)|250 kg FAB-250M-62]] bombs
| || || 1, 2 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[OFAB-250-270 (250 kg)|250 kg OFAB-250-270]] bombs
| || 1 || 1, 2, 6 || 1, 5 || 1, 4 || 1, 2 || 1, 5 || 1, 2, 6 || 1 ||
|-
! [[OFAB-250Sh (250 kg)|250 kg OFAB-250Sh]] bombs
| || || 1, 2 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[FAB-500M-62 (500 kg)|500 kg FAB-500M-62]] bombs
| || || 1, 2 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[FAB-500Sh (500 kg)|500 kg FAB-500Sh]] bombs
| || || 1, 2 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[ZB-500 incendiary]] bombs
| || || 1, 2 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[S-8KO]] rockets
| || || 20, 40 || || || || || 20, 40 || ||
|-
! [[S-13OF]] rockets
| || || 5, 10 || || || || || 5, 10 || ||
|-
! [[S-25O]] rockets
| || || 1, 2 || || || || || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[S-25OF]] rockets
| || || 1, 2 || || || || || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[S-25OFM]] rockets
| || || 1, 2 || || || || || 1, 2 || ||
|-
! [[R-27ER]] missiles
| || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || ||
|-
! [[R-27ET]] missiles
| || || 1 || || || || || 1 || ||
|-
! [[R-27R]] missiles
| || || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || ||
|-
! [[R-27T]] missiles
| || || 1 || || || || || 1 || ||
|-
! [[R-73]] missiles
| 1 || 1 || 1 || || || || || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
| colspan="11" | Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 1,500 kg
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* Without load
* 2 x R-73 missiles
* 6 x R-73 missiles
* 2 x R-27T missiles
* 6 x R-27R missiles
* 2 x R-27ET missiles
* 6 x R-27ER missiles
* 80 x S-8KO rockets
* 20 x S-13OF rockets
* 4 x S-25O rockets
* 38 x 100 kg OFAB-100 bombs (3,800 kg total)
* 8 x 250 kg FAB-250M-62 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 30 x 250 kg OFAB-250-270 bombs (7,500 kg total)
* 8 x 250 kg OFAB-250Sh bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 8 x 500 kg FAB-500M-62 bombs (4,000 kg total)
* 8 x 500 kg FAB-500Sh bombs (4,000 kg total)
* 8 x ZB-500 incendiary bombs
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Sukhoi}}
{{USSR jet aircraft}}

T-26

2023-12-05T13:16:43Z

U153435799:

{{About
| about = Soviet light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = T-26 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_t_26_1940
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The T-26 was based in the British Vickers 6 ton tank. Developed during the 1930s, the T-26 soon became the primary light tank of the Soviet Red Army. It saw combat during the Spanish Civil War and the Winter War, with mixed results due to poor leadership and tactics. Even though it was outclassed by the start of World War 2, it saw extensive use in the first year alongside the BT cavalry tanks, with heavy losses against the far superior Panzer III and Panzer IV. It was produced between 1931 and 1941, with different variants, command tanks, artillery variants, flamethrower tanks and many others, with a total sum of 12,000 units produced.

Introduced during the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before [[Update 1.41]], the T-26 is a small vehicle with thin armour but a heavy-hitting 45 mm cannon that can devastate most enemies at its battle rating thanks to its APHE ammunition, with enough penetration and explosive filler to one shot most opponents. It has very poor armour like most light tanks, but it also has very poor mobility, being outmatched by tanks like the Panzer II and all BT models. It also suffers from the poor gun depression that characterizes all soviet tanks.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The armour of the T-26 is thin, thus making the vehicle's survivability low. Armour is nearly flat on all sides, so it is recommended to not expose yourself to enemy fire. The crew members are not lined up behind each other from the front, meaning that enemies using AP solid shots may have to take up to 2-3 shots before knocking out all of your crew. Beware of heavy machine guns (common on American tanks) and autocannons (common on German and Italian tanks), since they will be able to both penetrate your armour and shred your crew/modules.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 15 mm (22°) ''Front plate'' 7 mm (64-80°) ''Front glacis'' 15 mm (6-52°) ''Lower glacis'' || 15 mm (21-23°) ''Top'' 15 mm ''Bottom'' || 15 mm ''Top'' 15 mm (11°) ''Bottom'' || 10 mm ''Hull'' 6 mm ''Rear''
|-
| Turret || 15 mm (13-15°) ''Turret front'' 15 mm (5-44°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 15 mm (17-19°) || 15 mm (17°) || 10 mm
|}
'''Notes'''

* Suspension wheel is 10 mm thick while tracks are 15 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 6 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=141|rbMinHp=80}}

While being a light tank, its mobility is one of a medium/heavy tank. The top speed is very low for a light tank, combined with the low power to weight ratio given by its weak engine. The T-26 has poor acceleration and speed on most surfaces. It can reach around 30 km/h only on hard, flat surface, after a long, uninterrupted acceleration period. With even a small turn the speed will drop significantly. The narrow tracks significantly reduce its off-road mobility in muddy, sandy or snowy maps. Despite the tracks being short and far apart, the T-26 still has slow hull traverse and often needs a forward/backward jerk to start turning properly. Reverse speed is also very poor (-4 km/h), which cannot save you from most bad situations.

For new tankers, it is advised to choose between the T-26 and [[BT-5]] wisely. Since they have very similar aspects (reserve light tanks with thin armour, the same gun, and a similar turret) they are good vehicles to compare and contrast opposing playstyles. The T-26 represents slow, patient, hunting and hiding while the BT-5 represents fast flanking and daring advances).

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

[[File:T-26 screenshot 2.jpg|thumb|The T-26 firing its 45 mm 20-K cannon.]]
{{main|20-K (45 mm)}}

The 45 mm 20-K cannon is the typical Soviet gun at rank I. Players should get used to it since it will be their main light tank armament up until rank II. This gun is very forgiving to beginners, with its very fast reload speed, decent damage, and traverse speed.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[20-K (45 mm)|45 mm 20-K]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 205 || rowspan="2" | -6°/+22° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 15.23 || 21.08 || 25.60 || 28.31 || 30.12 || rowspan="2" | 3.77 || rowspan="2" | 3.34 || rowspan="2" | 3.07 || rowspan="2" | 2.90
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 9.52 || 11.20 || 13.60 || 15.04 || 16.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The APHEBC round has a good amount of HE filler, meaning penetrating shells will do good damage, sometimes even taking out enemies with a single shot. At longer ranges, shells begin to lose penetration and accuracy; it is not made for sniping. It is recommended to bring ~10-15 BR-240SP (armour-piercing shells without explosive filler) for heavier targets as they have more penetration.

{{:20-K (45 mm)/Ammunition|BR-240, BR-240SP}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
|-
| '''205''' || 202 ''(+3)'' || 197 ''(+8)'' || 187 ''(+18)'' || 177 ''(+28)'' || 167 ''(+38)'' || 157 ''(+48)'' || 139 ''(+66)''
|-
! 8th rack empty
! 9th rack empty
! 10th rack empty
! 11th rack empty
! 12th rack empty
! 13th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
!
|-
| 121 ''(+84)'' || 103 ''(+102)'' || 79 ''(+126)'' || 61 ''(+144)'' || 29 ''(+176)'' || 1 ''(+204)'' || No
!
|-
|}
'''Note''':

* Turret empty: 157 ''(+48)'' shells.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|DT (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[DT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm DT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,890 (63) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

It is recommended to play the T-26 in a support role, flanking the battlefield and finding a good position to support your teammates from. The 45 mm cannon has very good characteristics with its rounds (APHEBC, AP) being able to deal a fair amount of damage to enemy vehicles from both short and long-range. The fast reload allows for quick adjustment of aim between shots, meaning the T-26 can be a highly effective flanking vehicle if a good camping spot is found. The limited gun depression, however, will affect which positions are usable. Keeping back at long-range is certainly an effective way to avoid taking damage.

The T-26 can also be used for brawling with enemy vehicles, but it should be kept in mind that the thin armour on the T-26 (≤15 mm) will leave the vital modules of your vehicle such as your crew, gun and powerplant (engine & transmission) at risk of taking damage. The mobility of the T-26 is also poorer than many of its counterparts, which could potentially put it at risk in a brawling scenario. On the other hand, the T-26's short reload time will usually give it an upper hand if you can survive the first shot.

Due to the top speed of the T-26 being slower than many other vehicles at its BR (30 km/h), it will usually arrive in the battlefield after the fighting has already begun. This can be an advantage in that you arrive after your team has already identified many targets. This also means that you will most likely not be on the front line of attack will usually allows for you to last a bit longer than players who rushed the center of the battlefield. On the other hand, it is also less likely that you will reach capture points before they are captured by your teammates, who will be faster than you.

The lack of armour is really something to be kept in mind, even some tank machine guns like the 12.7 mm M2HB and 13.2 mm Breda Model 31 will be able to go through your thickest plates of armour. Because of this, it is recommended to try your best to avoid enemy vehicles getting the first shot. Driving under cover is advisable to avoid being spotted.

In terms of the T-26's gun, there are 2 round options. The APHEBC round will penetrate most armour at the BR and also do a good amount of post-penetration damage if the fuse is set off. The second round type is an AP round with effective penetration but lacking any explosive filler, making its damage output inerior to the APHEBC round.

It is also worth keeping in mind that the T-26 only has a reverse speed of 3 km/h. This is important to remember when driving into potential enemy fire. It is recommended to be aware of enemy positions and cover, as a retreat will be a lot slower than an advance.

Be aware that enemy aircraft with bombs or powerful guns can easily take out the T-26. It is advised to stick to the treeline to avoid being spotted and attacked. The T-26 has little anti-aircraft capabilities so it is also advised to let the friendly SPAAs deal with aircraft.

; '''Specific enemies worth noting:'''

[[Pz.II (Family)|Pz.II]] - These speedy German tanks can be extremely dangerous. Their fast firing 20 mm autocannons can shred your armour and the modules behind it. Pz.IIs have better mobility than the T-26 to boot. Generally, it is advised not to engage head on but if you are forced to, then make sure you get off the first shot before they start spraying. These concerns are also shared with the [[Sd.Kfz. 140/1]]. The good thing about facing the Panzer II is that it doesn't have much armour, like most Rank I vehicles, so you can easily penetrate and knock it out with a single shot. Another tactic is to have a teammate with you, preferably a mobile light tank like the [[M22]] or the BT-5. Your ally can distract the Panzer II while you line up your shot to take it out. Pz.IIs also have poor turret traverse speed, so getting behind it and shooting its engine can prevent it from bringing its gun to bear on you.

[[AB 41]] and [[L6/40]] - Italian counterparts to the German Pz.II series, these vehicles both feature 20 mm autocannons which present the same concerns and counters as the Pz.IIs. The difference is that the L6/40 is slightly slower than the Pz.IIs, while the AB 41 is significantly faster. Generally, if your round penetrates either vehicle, it will most likely do significant damage.

[[M2A2]] - This unassuming and unusual American vehicle relies on a .50 cal (12.7 mm) M2HB heavy machine gun, located in its left-hand turret. The M2A2 shouldn't be dismissed as a threat however, as despite its odd layout, relatively small armament, and light armour, it is one of the fastest light tanks at Rank I. Given the T-26's relatively slow speed, the M2A2 will outflank you easily. Its .50 cal machine gun isn't always able to do a lot of damage to heavily armoured vehicles, but the T-26's is among the vehicles that the M2HB can consistently penetrate. When facing an M2A2, it is recommended to shoot first and stop it from closing the distance. If you are on its right side, it will have to turn towards you to bring its .50 cal to bear. Its 7.62 mm machine gun, located in its right turret, will not do any significant damage to the T-26.

[[M8 Scott]] and [[LVT(A)(4)]] - This American howitzer carrier takes the speedy hull of the M5 Stuart and mates it with a turret containing a 75 mm howitzer and a .50 cal M2HB. Being very fast, this tank can flank the T-26 very easily. It does not often need to do this however, since its HEAT round can annihilate the T-26 in one shot. It doesn't even need to do that however, since it could opt to just spraying your vehicle down with the .50 cal. By comparative principle, it is an M2A2 with a 75 mm. The LVT(A)(4) presents similar concerns, as it is marries the M8 Scott's turret to the hull of an LVT. Because of this, the LVT(A)(4) is able to swim. It is recommended to be watching the waterways, as most players do not expect an attack to come from areas that normal tanks cannot traverse.

[[Ka-Chi]] - This Japanese medium tank is often underestimated for its nation of origin, but it is not to be ignored. Its massive size may prevent your shells from doing significant damage in one shot, and some may occasionally be completely absorbed by the front pontoon or deflected if angled. Its height can allow it to see over your cover and spot you. It won't be able to lower its gun too far however, especially with floats attached, and if the T-26 is able to sneak around the Ka-Chi, you can potentially rush into the deadzone right alongside the vehicle and shoot into its flank, without chance of retaliation. It is recommended to be watching the waterways, as most players do not expect an attack to come from areas that normal tanks cannot traverse.

[[B1 bis]] and [[B1 ter]] - Nearly any Rank I vehicle unfortunate enough to come face-to-face with a B1 is in for a rough time. If the recommended tactic for the T-26 is being a support vehicle, it should be especially employed when a B1 is encountered. The B1 bis has thick armour that can absorb or deflect your 45 mm shells. The B1 ter presents the same issue for you, but even worse. There is little a T-26 can do when facing one of these heavy tanks head on, except for shooting the infamous "mail-slot" weak spot located on the turret ring, or damaging the tracks in hopes of immobilizing it. Calling in for friendly ground and air assistance is highly advised when encountering such beasts.

[[He 112 A-0]] - This German plane is essentially a flying Panzer II. With a powerful rapid-firing 20 mm autocannon, it can use API-T rounds have enough penetration to go through the T-26 at nearly every angle. Experienced pilots can wreak havoc on your team until their ammo is expended. It is recommended to find solid roof cover when enemy aircraft are overhead.

[[:Category:Anti-aircraft vehicles|SPAAs]] - Nearly every anti-aircraft vehicle at the tier, save for the British [[Light AA Mk I]], will be able to penetrate and destroy the T-26 with ease. Not to mention that SPAAs guns have high rates of fire. As with any other vehicles, it is advised to shoot first. Certain SPAAs which are commonly underestimated like the French [[P.7.T AA]], and [[CCKW 353 AA]] and the American [[M15 CGMC]], and should be especially noted, as despite not having 20 mm autocannons like their Axis counterparts, they all have weapons capable of efficiently knocking out a T-26.

[[File:T-26 Screenshot 1.jpg|thumb]]

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* Great firepower; the stock APHE shell can frontally penetrate and take out almost any tank with a single shot
* Very short reload time
* Fairly accurate gun at short to medium ranges
* Massive ammo capacity and fast reload time which is good for new players learning how to manoeuvre and fire

'''Cons:'''

* Low survivability due to the thin, nearly unsloped armour
* The crew members are packed tightly together, significantly reducing survivability
* Poor overall mobility: low top speed, very slow reverse speed, slow hull traverse, and difficulty in climbing steep slopes
* Average -5° gun depression limits its potential in hilly terrains
* Some ammo is stored inside turret which tends to explode when hit

== History ==

===Development===
The '''T-26''' light tank design is derived from the British Vickers 6-ton tank. In the early 1930s, a Soviet buying committee travelled to Britain and purchased tanks, tractors, and cars for use in the Soviet Union, of which the Vickers tank was chosen. Fifteen Twin-turreted Vickers tanks arrived in the Soviet Union in May 1930, equipped with only machine guns. Four more Vickers were delivered at the end of 1930, these being the single-turret variants with a 47 mm gun, and the deliveries were finished by 1932. The Vickers-produced tanks were designated as the V-26.

The Vickers 6-ton tank competed with several Soviet designs for the "most suitable" tank design for Soviet use. One such competitor was the Soviet T-19 light tank, which had advantages over the Vickers design, but also disadvantages. The T-19 designer, S. Ginzburg, suggested for a "hybrid" tank to be built off the features of the T-19 and the Vickers tank. But in January 1931, intelligence picked up that Poland bought up many foreign tanks from Britain and France with a license to mass-produce them. This information pressured the Soviet military council to adopt the foreign tanks into Soviet usage, thus the Vickers 6-ton tank, under the designation as the '''T-26''', was accepted into service on February 13, 1931, as the mainstay of the Red Army's armoured forces.
[[File:T-26 screenshot 3.jpg|thumb]]
Although outclassed later in the war, it was considered one of the more successful and widely produced tank models in the 1930s. It, along with the [[BT-7|BT]] light tanks, composed the majority of Soviet armoured forces in the late 1930s. It weighed just a little under 10 tons, had 15 mm thick armour in front, with a 45 mm 20K gun, and had a crew of three people. The Bolshevik Factory in Leningrad was the first factory to start producing the T-26 from June 1931, and production of the tank lasted from then until 1941.

===Variants===
During its production life, many variants of it were made for different purposes, up to 53 different ones to fit different roles, though only 23 would see service in production. Such designs included changes like a twin-turreted version (some with only machine guns and some with cannons), command tanks, added armour, artillery tanks (such as the [[T-26-4]]), flamethrower tanks, remote-controlled tanks, or just armoured carriers to tow artillery and such. Others were simply modified variants of the normal variants such as the [[T-26E]], which was the base single-turreted T-26 design with 30-40 mm applique armour made during the Winter War, which made them more resilient to the Finnish anti-tank weapons.

All these tanks produced in the span of 1931 to 1941 made up a total of 10,300 tanks, and 1,701 other variants of it, for a total of 12,001 units produced.

===Combat usage===
The T-26 first saw combat in the Spanish Civil War, where it showed its superiority over the current tanks of the period fielded by Italy and Germany. Then it saw combat against the Japanese in the Soviet-Japanese border conflicts at Lake Khasan and Khalkhin Gol, which exposed some of the design defects such as poor armour welding and the disadvantages of riveted constructions (the rivet would break off and could harm the crew inside). After that, the T-26 saw service in the Invasion of Poland and the Winter War against Finland. The Winter War effectively showed the Soviets that the T-26 was obsolete, as the 37 mm guns and anti-tank rifles and Finnish have could penetrate the light armour of the T-26. When World War II for the Soviet Union finally broke out in Operation Barbarossa, the T-26 proved inferior to Germany's [[Panzer III]] and [[Panzer IV]], plus the air supremacy of the Luftwaffe ensured many tanks were lost in the opening stages of Barbarossa.

The T-26 at this point also was breaking down and the lack of spare parts made repairs hard, resulting in multiple T-26 units also being knocked out for being irrecoverable. The T-26 was gradually phased from service by the new, venerable [[T-34 (1941)|T-34]] medium tanks, which gave Germany a run for their money. The T-26 still saw service in the war as a second-line unit, as it was still fighting in the Battle of Moscow of 1941, Stalingrad of 1942, and in Manchuria in 1945.

===Survivors===
A number of survivors exist today in different museums, about 45 of them are still intact. A majority of them are in Russia, Spain, and Finland, where they saw most of their services.

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
In 1940, the T-26 light tank was modernised for the last time. The vehicle's underturret boxes were equipped with homogeneous armour with sloping plates and its thickness was increased to 15 mm. The frontal section of the turret was welded. A distinctive feature of the tank was the special defensive cover over its radiator grille. An extra DT machine gun was mounted on the turret's roof and was used as an anti-aircraft gun.

All these changes led to the T-26's mass exceeding 10 tonnes. In spite of its strengthened construction, its undercarriage was pushed to the limit. Often, particularly when turning, the tank started losing its tracks. Test results showed that the tank's armour did not meet modern requirements, and there was no weight allowance for increasing its armament. Other flaws in the tank's design included its low speed, poor weight distribution and low reliability.

However, the tank was easy to control, simple to service and did not require much effort in the field. Although the tank had an engine with horizontally placed cylinders, the tank's profile remained low, which made it harder to hit. Many technical solutions applied to the T-26 were used later on other tanks. When used correctly and in the hands of an experienced crew, the light tank could cause serious damage to the enemy forces. The T-26 made a significant contribution to routing the enemy at Moscow and took part in practically all combat operations right up to 1944.

A significant number of these tanks, after being captured and modified in various ways, served in the German and Finnish armies. Some of them were used by Finland until the beginning of the 50s.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_t_26_1940 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|2agFDeZ7mEI|'''T-26 - The Soviet Deathbox''' - ''ShareTheLight''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[SU-5-1]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[M13/40 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:T-26|[Wikipedia] T-26]]
* [[wikipedia:Vickers 6-Ton|[Wikipedia] Vickers 6-Ton]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/soviet/soviet_T26.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> T-26 Light tank]

{{TankManufacturer OKMO}}
{{USSR light tanks}}

Update 1.51 "Cold Steel"

2023-12-05T13:14:15Z

U153435799:

{{DISPLAYTITLE:Update 1.51 "Cold Steel"}}
[[File:Wallpaper Update1.51.jpg|x400px|border|right]]

[https://warthunder.com/en/news/3199--en Update 1.51 "Cold Steel"]([https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/466 changelog]) was introduced on 30 June 2015. The update is distinguished for adding the first winter ground forces location ([[Finland]]) to the game, introducing the "[[Enduring Confrontation]]" game mode; as well as improving the damage indicator and adding [https://warthunder.com/en/devblog/current/789 "Orders"].
{{youtube|url = SCdX85A3qKA|Update 1.51 - "Cold Steel" Overview|}}

__TOC__

=New Vehicles=
==Aircraft==
===United States===

* [[A-36|А-36]]
* [[SB2C-1c|SB2C-1C]]
* [[F2A-3|F2A-3]] (New Model)
* [[F2A-1|F2A-1]] (New Model)
* [[Thach's_F2A-1|Thach's F2A-1]] (New Model)

===Germany===

* [[IL-2_(1942)_(Germany)|IL-2 (1942)]]
* [[Do 17_E-1|Do 17E-1]]
* [[Bf 109 E-1]] (New Model)
* [[Bf 109 E-3]] (New Model)

===USSR===

* [[Hurricane_Mk_IIB_(USSR)|Hurricane Mk IIB]] (Premium)
* [[Yak-3_(VK-107)|Yak-3 (VK-107)]] (Premium)
* [[IL-2M_type_3|IL-2M Type 3]] (New Model)
* [[IL-2M_"Avenger"|IL-2M "Avenger”]] (New Model)

===Great Britain===

* [[Hurricane Mk IV|Hurricane Mk.IV]]
* [[Hurricane Mk IIB/Trop|Hurricane Mk. IIb]] (New Model)
* [[Firebrand_TF_Mk_IV|Firebrand TF.MK.IV]]

===Japan===

* [[J2M5|J2M5]]
* [[J2M5_30mm|J2M5 (30 mm)]] (Premium)
* [[Ki-44-I|Ki-44]]

==Ground vehicles==
===United States===

* [[M60|М60]]
* [[Super Hellcat|М18 Super Hellcat]] (Premium)

===Germany===

* [[Pz.35(t)|Pz.35(t)]]
* [[Nb.Fz.|Nb.Fz. VI]] (Premium)
* [[Leopard I]]

===USSR===

* [[T-26-4]]
* [[SU-100Y]] (Premium)
* [[T-34-100]] (Premium)
* [[T-10M]]

=Game Changes=
==Changes in Vehicle Models==

* For all vehicles of the "Panther" series, and self-propelled guns, external screens on the lower part of each vehicle have been added and accounted for in the damage model;
* Multiple tweaks and fixes to the shape and thickness of armour elements on several vehicles;
* Fixed the number of crew members displayed for the KV-85, changing from 5 to 4;
* Armour for the Yak-7B has been fixed (removed nonexistent armoured glass);
* Fixed uploading custom camouflages for the Hurricane Mk.I/L;
* Fixed uploading custom camouflages for the Me 262A-1/U4;
* Fixed the display of offensive weaponry damage model for Hs 129B-2;
* Added missing armour for the He 111H-16;
* Fixed the display of offensive weaponry for BB-1 aircraft and SU-2 lineup.

==New Locations and Missions==

* Added event in the Enduring Confrontation game mode (JiP). The new game mode will start with limited combat missions a few days after Update 1.51 launched. We will regularly supplement these missions with new tasks and continue to improve the mechanics. Stay tuned!
* [[Finland]] - A new winter location for mixed battles (modes: domination, battle, conquest)
* New aircraft Arcade missions have been added:
** Apple Gardens (Ground Strike);
** Approaches to Moscow (Ground Strike);
** Khalkhyn Gol (Ground Strike);
** Saipan (Ground Strike);
** Gorge (Front Line);
** Foothills (Front Line).
* New aircraft Realistic missions have been added
** Korsun (Front Line);
** Mozdok (Front Line).

==Changes in Locations and Missions==

* Krymsk: Removed known unfair vantage points. Some areas have been slightly flattened;
* [[Jungle]]: Removed known unfair vantage points;
* [[Eastern Europe (Ground Forces)|Eastern Europe]]: Balance changes have been made to the central capture point;
* [[Carpathians]]: Added a new shelter position, some changes to unfair winning conditions;
* [[Karelia]]: Some changes to unfair winning conditions;
* [[White_Rock_Fortress|White Rock Fortress]]: Balance changes at the northern capture point;
* [[Battle_of_Hurtgen_Forest|Battle of Hürtgen Forest]]: Balance changes at the third capture point.

==Research and Economy==

* The amount of research points awarded for the destruction of ground vehicles are now uses the system similar to aircraft battles - vehicle BR difference will also be considered;
* The amount of research points awarded for the destruction of ground vehicles has been slightly increased;
* Added missing traverse adjustment drive modification for self-propelled guns: Panzerjäger Panther, Panzerjäger Tiger, Panzerjäger Tiger P Ferdinand, ISU-152, SU-100Y, SU-100, SU-122, SU-122-54, SU-152, SU-85-1943, SU-85М;
* The US nation now has a separate line for level bombers. Attackers and dive bombers now have a common research line.

==Damage Model==

* A new indicator for ground vehicle and aircraft damage has been introduced;
* A new system of tracking for shell fragments has been introduced: Fragments can now have a more complex and unique shape, and differing fragments can have different amounts of energy. This system works for secondary shell fragments and the metal jet of HEAT grenades;
* Increased the efficiency of piercing projectiles with a discarding sabot against sloped armor;
* Increased the efficiency of flat-headed shells, and armour-piercing and ballistic capped shells, on sloped armour inclined at a 60 degree angle.
* Fixed the ballistics of piercing projectiles with a discarding sabot. Now, the cross-section on which ballistics will be calculated correspond to the core size of the projectile, and not to the projectile's sabot.

==Weaponry==

* HESH (High-Explosive Squash Head) shells have been added, which cause fragments to hit targets inside the vehicle due to spalling;
* HEATFS (High-Explosive Anti Tank Fin Stabilized) shells have been added. These shells have a much better penetration, but cause less spalling than common HEAT shells;
* BP-367P streamlined piercing projectile ammunition has been added for the T-44.

==Changes in Flight Models==

* A6M (all models) - Specified the calculation for the airflow on the horizontal tail surfaces, refined the calculation of the transition processes and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations, and geometry calculations of the wings. Stalling, due to executing a turn is more likely now. Decreased takeoff distance. Changed engine operations in automatic control mode;
* B-25 (all models) - Specified the calculation for the airflow on the horizontal tail surfaces, refined the calculation of the transition processes and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations. Control of this aircraft in Mouse Aim mode has been improved;
* B7A2 - Changed behavior of the aircraft whilst in a vertical dive (improved stability, including during recovery from a steep dive). Edited the efficiency of the air brake (reduced). Edited inertia calculations;
* Blenheim Mk.IV - Specified the calculation for the airflow on the horizontal tail surfaces, refined the calculation of the transition processes and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations. Improved stability whilst in a vertical dive;
* Boomerang Mk. I/II - Specified the calculation for the airflow on the horizontal tail surfaces, refined the calculation of the transition processes and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations;
* Yer-2 (with M-105 engines) - Refined engine operation mode (temperature). Improved stability whilst in level flight.
* G4M1 - Specified the calculation for the airflow on the horizontal tail surfaces, refined the calculation of the transition processes and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations;
* Il-2 (all models) - Overheat calculations refined (engine now takes longer to overheat). Improved stability whilst in level flight. Specified the calculation for the airflow on the horizontal tail surfaces, refined the calculation of the transition processes and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations;
* Ju-87B-2 - Improved stability whilst in a vertical dive;
* Ki-84 (all models) - Improved stability whilst in a vertical dive. Increased the sensitivity of control surfaces. Specified the calculation for the airflow on the horizontal tail surfaces, refined the calculation of the transition processes and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations. Improved reaction of the aircraft during tug the handling situations (stalling suddenly, including at high-speeds);
* Ki-102 otsu - Overheat calculations refined (engine now takes longer to overheat). Improved stability in all flight modes. Specified the calculation for the airflow on the horizontal tail surfaces, refined the calculation of the transition processes and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations;
* Ki-45 - Overheat calculations refined (engine now takes longer to overheat). Improved stability whilst in level flight. Specified the calculation for the airflow on the horizontal tail surfaces, refined the calculation of the transition processes and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations;
* Ki-49 (all modifications) - Overheat calculations refined (engine now takes longer to overheat). Improved stability whilst in level flight. Specified the calculation for the airflow on the horizontal tail surfaces, refined the calculation of the transition processes and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations;
* Ki-96 - Overheat calculations refined (engine now takes longer to overheat). Improved stability whilst in level flight. Specified the calculation for the airflow on the horizontal tail surfaces, refined the calculation of the transition processes and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations;
* P-47 (all models) - Improved stability whilst in level flight. Specified the calculation for the airflow on the horizontal tail surfaces, refined the calculation of the transition processes and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations.
* Wirraway - Overheat calculations refined (engine now takes longer to overheat). Improved stability whilst in level flight. Specified the calculation for the airflow on the horizontal tail surfaces, refined the calculation of the transition processes and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations;
* Yak-1/1b/7b/9/3 (all models) - Flight models have been fully updated. Recalculated and refined all geometric and weight characteristics. Reworked propeller and engine characteristics. Changed behaviour during takeoff and landing (reduced speed for takeoff and landing). Specified the calculation for the airflow on the horizontal tail surfaces, refined the calculation of the transition processes and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations;
* Yak-3 BK-107a - Initially configured according to the [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/250143-yakovlev-yak-3-vk-107a/ data sheet];
* J2M5 - Has been configured according to the [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/249893-mitsubishi-j2m5/ data sheet];
* J2M5 (30mm) - Has been configured according to the [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/249893-mitsubishi-j2m5/ data sheet];
* Ki-44-1 - Has been configured according to the [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/249903-nakajima-ki-44-i/ data sheet];
* Ki-61 (all models) - Improved stability whilst in level flight. Specified the calculation for the airflow on the horizontal tail surfaces, refined the calculation of the transition processes and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations;
* N1K2 (all models) - New flight model. Basic characteristics of the aircraft have been changed (max speed was increased to 630 km/h, time to climb up to 5000m has been reduced to 05:30 min). New characteristics configured in accordance with the Data Sheet. Specified the calculation for the airflow on the horizontal tail surfaces, refined the calculation of the transition processes and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations;
* Bf.110C-4 - Improved stability whilst in level flight. Specified the calculation for the airflow on the horizontal tail surfaces, refined the calculation of the transition processes and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations;
* P-51D (all models) - Refined geometric data, control elements (flaps, ailerons, elevator and rudder), by reaching maximum overload, calculations are considered for the effect of airflow. The higher the speed, the greater the effect, stalling and climb rate has been initially configured according to the data sheet. The engine has also been slightly modified;
* P-51D-5 - Fuselage tank has been installed, lack of additional fin area in later models is considered, behavior corresponding to early D series;
* А-36 - Has been configured according to the data sheet;
* Fury Mk.II - Flight model has been completely reworked. Size, weight, and restrictions on control have been edited (vertical dive, overload, chassis durability). Wing and profile have been recalculated. Specified the calculation for the airflow on the horizontal tail surfaces, refined the calculation of the transition processes and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations. The Kestrel VI engine, gear, screw, and radiator have been configured according to historical graphics;
* Tempest (all models) - Specified the calculation for the airflow on the horizontal tail surfaces, refined the calculation of the transition processes and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations;
* Attacker - Specified the calculation for the airflow on the horizontal tail surfaces, refined the calculation of the transition processes and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations. Trimmer has been fixed;
* Firebrand Mk.IV - Has been initially configured according to the data sheet;
* Ta.152H-1 - Flight model has been completely reworked. Reworked aircraft behaviour at high speeds. The higher the speed, the greater the effect. Calculations are now considered for the effect of airflow on the horizontal tail surface. Refined the calculation of the transition processes and damped in all axes. The resistance of single elements (flaps, screw, fuselage, radiator etc.) are now calculated. Refined wing centre of gravity and behaviour during a stall or corkscrew and when at maximum overload. Engine performance has been adjusted, reduced compression and overheating. Fuel consumption calculations have been refined. Refined speeds and climb rate in different modes;
* Do.17E-1 - Has been configured according to the data sheet;
* La-5F - Fixed the maximum speed when affected by ground-effect. Specified the calculation for the airflow on the horizontal tail surfaces, refined the calculation of the transition processes and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations;
* Me-410 (all models) - New flight model. Reduced the impact of torque effect during take off. Improved the efficiency of air brakes. Specified the calculation for the airflow on the horizontal tail surfaces, refined the calculation of the transition processes and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations;
* Hurricane Mk.IV/Mk.II (USSR) - Has been initially configured.

==Interface==

* A new system has been introduced - [https://warthunder.com/en/devblog/current/789 Orders];
* Added function that allows the marking of locations of enemies in combined Realistic Battles. By landing a shot on an enemy with your main gun, all players in your team will, for a limited time, be able to view the targeted enemy’s location on the minimap;
* Tags for Britain carrier-based aircraft have been optimised (unnecessary and apparently duplicating tags have been removed).

==Settings==

* Changed the method of saving user settings. Now they are stored separately for each account and divided into two parts. One part is synchronised between all player devices (general settings, vehicle preset settings and settings), the other one is individual for each device (control settings, colours, fonts, etc.).

==Sounds==

* Improved the overall sound environment for air battles;
* New sounds for shells striking the ground have been added.

==Decals and Camouflages==

* [https://warthunder.com/en/devblog/current/799 Multiple decals for ground vehicles and aircraft have been added];
* Added winter camouflages for all ground vehicles which don’t already have them. For all soviet ground vehicles, added woodland camouflages. Vehicles: Flakpanzer I Ausf A, КV-1B 756®, Aufklärungspanzer 38(t), Pz.Kpfw 38(t) Ausf. A, Pz.Kpfw. VI Tiger P, Sd.Kfz. 6/2 mit FlaK 36, StuG III Ausf A, StuG III Ausf F, M2A4, M3 Lee, M3 Stuart, M3A1 Stuart, BT-5, BT-7 1937, IS-3, IS-4M, ISU-152, KV-1 L11, KV-2 1939, М4A2 76W (USSR), SU-100Y, SU-100 1945, SU-122-54, SU-152, SU-57, SU-76M 1943, Т-10М, Т-126(SP), Т-26 1940, Т-28, Т-35, Т-50, Т-54 1951, Т-60 1941, Т-70 1942, Т-80, ZIS-30, ZSU-37, ZSU-57-2, ZUT-37;
* The conditions for unlocking some camouflages have been changed.

=Smaller updates that came afterwards=
==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/467 30.06.2015]==

* Error leading to the inability to respawn for bombers in missions: [Front Line] Gorge and [Front Line] Foothills has been fixed.
* Fixed map border on the Poland map for the “Domination” game mode in Realistic Battles (respawn points outside the location).
* Haze reduced on Finland map.
* Duplicate camouflages for T-28, T-28E and T-35 have been removed.
* Engine compartment roof thickness of T-34-100 has been fixed.
* Overestimated crew vitality from direct hits has been fixed.
* Inability to use a custom camouflage for Leopard-1 has been fixed.
* Description of the machine gun MG3A1 has been corrected. Caliber is displayed correctly as 7,62mm.

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/468 01.07.2015]==

* Client stability has been improved.
* A bug where snow would remain on the tracks of ground vehicles after a session on the “Finland” map has been fixed.

==02.07.2015==
===[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/469 1st Patch]===

* Fixed aircraft behaviour during air events in Arcade Battles for ground vehicles.

===[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/470 2nd Patch]===

* It is no longer possible to mark enemy tanks by hitting them with your main gun in Simulator Battles.
* An ammo allocation bug for the Leopard 1 has been fixed.
* A bug where ammo allocation would not be displayed in battle for the Kugelblitz and GaZ 4M has been fixed.
* PB-46A shell (SU-100-Y) penetration has been fixed (122mm AP shell data had been used previously by mistake).
* The default camouflage cover for the T-26 1gv.t.br. has been fixed - it now uses one similar to the T-34 1gv.t.br.
* M46, M47 and M60 driving performance has been improved (no jerking while turning at speeds below 5 km/h).
* The spawn point for the Southern capture point on Kuban (Conquest) has been changed.

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/471 06.07.2015]==

* The thickness of the side skirts for the “Coelain” has been changed from 30mm to 5mm.
* Improved the mobility of the Leopard I whilst turning at low speeds.
* Fixed a damage model bug for the M2A2, which allowed the machine gun ammunition to explode.
* A suspension settings bug for the T-34-85 and T-34-100 has been fixed. The down motion of the roller has been reduced according to the “T-34. Manual” VI NKO Moscow 1944, p. 11.
* For all modifications of the T-54, the rate of the fire has been fixed. The maximum rate of the fire has been increased up to 7 shots per minute according to the “Guide to the material part and operating of T-54” VI MO USSR 1969, p.10 line 51. The speed of the vertical guidance has been reduced to 4° per second.
* For all modifications of the T-54, the settings of the transmission have been fixed according to “Guide to the material part and operating of T-54” VI MO USSR, p.8, line 14. The maximum speed at 2000 rpm/min is now 49 km/h.
* Fixed the penetration of the 122mm shell BR-472 of the M62TC T-10M gun. Armour piercing has been increased by 12% on all distances according to “Domestic armored vehicles of the XX century” 1946-1965, volume 3, datasheet 15.
* Ammunition for coupled/coaxial machine guns of the T-10M has been reduced to 450 shells, configured as 9x50 machine gun magazines (the remaining amount of ammunition are not in the magazines and need some time to reload). According to “Guide to the material part and operating of T-10M”. VI MO USSR 1960, p. 109.
* The maximum rate of the fire of the 100mm LB-1 gun for the T-34-100 has been increased up to 5.2 shots per minute, according “Armour collection. History of the T-34” 2003, p. 51. The angle of elevation below level for the gun has been increased to -5°.
* The maximum rate of the fire of the D-10S (SU-100) has been increased up to 5.7 shots per minute.
* The maximum rate of the fire of the KwK43 and PaK43 has been increased up to 7.02 shots per minute.
* Ammunition for the coupled/coaxial machinegun MG3A1 of the Leopard I now use the “tank” tape cartridges with 1000 shells.
* The “Bundeswehr” Decal, and Decal of the “4th Egypt Division” have been moved to the category “neutral”.
* Do.217 (all models) - Flight model has been edited. Overheating has been refined (engine now overheats during emergency power (WEP)). Improved stability in all flight modes. Specified the calculation for the airflow on the horizontal tail surfaces, Inertia calculations updated.and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations.

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/472 07.07.2015]==

* Improved Client performance.
* Refined automated trimming.
* Fixed a bug that in some instances caused damaged parts of wings to remain in the air.
* Fixed a bug in air events during Arcade ground battles which counted a lost aircraft as a death for the player.
* The incorrect display of the interface for players waiting in a game queue has been fixed.
* A bug where the mouse cursor would return to the middle position by activating map or team statistics display, has been fixed.
* The look of engine flames on jet aircraft have been changed.
* Interface errors in tutorial missions, while using a gamepad, have been fixed.
* A bug, which restricted showing the full battle log after a mission had ended has been fixed.
* Bugs in the interface for vehicle decal applications have been fixed.

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/473 09.07.2015]==

* An interface bug, where deleted friends would remain visible in the friends list, has been fixed.
* Client stability has been improved.
* Optimizations for physics of destruction on landscape objects like hedges, fences, trees etc, which should recover FPS (mostly noticeable on Finland location).
* PS4: Fixed a bug which prevented the use of sights in test drive for Realistic Battles mode.
* PS4: Added the option of managing binoculars with controller analogue stick.

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/474 10.07.2015]==

* Transmission on SPG SU-122-54 and ZSU-57-2 configured the same as the T-54 (the maximum speed of vehicle and the gear ratio)
* Penetration value of 100 mm HEAT projectile ZBK-5 increased from 350 to 380 mm according to "Domestic armored vehicles. The twentieth century. Volume 3 1946-1965 gg. "P.49," Weapons and Tactics of the Soviet Army ".
* Increased likelihood of ricochet at acute angles (less than 25 degrees) for HESH shells.
* Increased likelihood of ricochet for HEAT and HEAT Finned shells at angles of less than 20 degrees.
* Changed position slightly of spawn and capture points on ground vehicles in Kuban to correct the situation where team A wins more often than Team B because of closer location in relation to the spawn points of capture as well as being a good position for covering capture points.

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/475 15.07.2015]==

* Client stability has been improved.
* Improved behavior of mouse cursor in windowed mode on Linux client.

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/476 16.07.2015]==

* For all self-propelled anti-aircraft vehicles, the visibility in sniper mode has been increased.
* M4A3 105: Track guard thickness has been changed from 25.4mm to 9.5mm.
* The thickness of twin machine guns on the BT series, T-34, KV and IS ground vehicles has been fixed.
* Track guard thickness for the T-34 series has been fixed: On earlier models (1940-1941) to 13mm, on later models to 20mm.
* The turret rotation speed of the T-10M has been increased to 17° according to “Domestic armored vehicles 1945-1965”, volume 3, p.56. Increased the cannon’s vertical guidance speed for better simulation of stabiliser work.
* Excessive penetration of explosive effect for all armour-piercing shells has been reduced. Previously, it was possible to hit enemy tanks through the bottom armour plate or track guards without actual penetration.
* Reduced the effectiveness of APDS shells when hitting an armour plate inclined at more than 60 degrees.
* Reduced the effectiveness of APHE shells: The amount of secondary fragments caused by spalling has been reduced by 15% and the penetration of these fragments has been reduced as well. Thus, fuel tanks and other internal modules can now intercept these secondary fragments.

Changes to ‘Enduring Confrontation’ mode (available at the start of the next test):

* Added a new mission to Enduring Confrontation: ‘Ruhr’.
* A new objective/scenario has been added: ‘Bomber Escort’.
* The hitpoints of bases have been slightly increased.
* The respawn time of bases has been increased from 10 seconds to 2 minutes.
* The speed of recon aircraft is now limited to 350 km/h. Before this patch, it was possible for them to reach a speed of up to 600 km/h, making it too difficult to detect and shoot them down.

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/477 21.07.2015]==

* Improvements and fixes have been made to the interface.
* Fixed a problem which caused a loss of control while rolling with multi-engine aircraft, when ailerons and wings were damaged.
* Added a new parameter: “Automatic flaps control”, to the instructor settings.
* Added the display of armour-piercing shell penetration values for aircraft.
* Added the display of modification improvement descriptions for ground vehicles.
* Fixed surges in engine power caused by switching compressor gears.
* Fixed pitch handling problems in several aircraft when the setting “simplified joystick” is enabled in the “simplified controlling” mode.
* Fixed a bug where the damage cam displayed modules incorrectly (in yellow colour).
* Fixed an incorrect response caused by damaging the fuel tanks and ammunition load with secondary fragments. It was possible that these modules wouldn’t catch fire or wouldn’t explode by damage from secondary fragments in some situations.
* Fixed the display of damage shown for enemies during hitcam playback. Now it shows the status of the modules after the last hit. (Previously it only displayed the relative damage of the last hit).
* Fixed lack of shell explosions inside vehicles during a hit and in deathcam, if the vehicle was destroyed by other destroying shell factors (secondary fragments or direct contact with a crew member).
* The correct distribution of ammo pack for BT-5, BT-7, SU-100, SU-122P, SU-76М, Т-34-100 has been introduced.
* Fixed a bug with resetting the reloading process by hitting the gunner, and the lack of resetting the reloading process by hitting the tank loader.
* Fixed the colour of the winter camouflage for the KV-1 with the KwK-40 cannon.
* Balance changes have taken effect on “Normandy” and “Kuban”.
* The errors during the ground vehicles tutorial have been fixed.
* Refined the weight of the Browning M3 shells.
* Increased the altitude where clouds begin to form for all game modes.
* Fixes and changes have been applied to the following aircraft models: Bf.109 (all models), Fw.190A-1, Fw.190A-4, Fw.190A-5, I-16 typ 5, Ki-43, Mosquito FB Mk.XVIII, Tempest MK2, Yak-9M, B7A2, A-36, Pe-2-83, Pе-3 (all models).
* Fixes and changes have been applied to the following ground vehicle models: KV-1B 756(r), Leopard I, Ferdinand, 10,5cm Tiger II, Pz.Bfw.VI (P), T-10M, IS-2 1944, IS-2 Avenger, SU-100Y, СМК, Т-26-5, Т-35, Т-34-100, М47.
* For the T-10M, the anti-aircraft machine gun has been enabled.
* New sounds have been introduced for the KPVT machine gun.
* New sounds have been introduced for the L7 and M68 cannons.
* Changed fuel consumption levels on the following A6M aircraft:
* A6M2N - flight time with a full fuel tank and 100% throttle: 2 hours
* A6M2/model 11 - flight time with a full fuel tank and 100% throttle: 1 hour 40 minutes
* A5M3 - flight time with a full fuel tank and 100% throttle: 1 hour 08 minutes
* A6M3 model 22/model 22 Ko - flight time with a full fuel tank and 100% throttle: 1 hour 24 minutes
* A6M5 Ko/Otsu - flight time with a full fuel tank and 100% throttle: 1 hour 24 minutes
* Refined the fuselage polar for: Yak-1/1-B/7-B/9-P, Т, M, K, U, UT.
* P-47-D-25/28 - Changed fuel consumption level. Flight time with a full fuel tank and 100% throttle: 1 hour 17 minutes.
* Hе.112 V-5/А-0 - Refined the fuselage polar, cockpit lights added.
* I-301, LaGG-3 (all models) - Refined the fuselage polar and tail assembly (exchange rate stability was improved).
* La (all models except jets) - Refined the fuselage polar and tail assembly (exchange rate stability was improved).
* F-82E - improved handling at high speeds.
* Il-10 (all models) - Specified the calculation for the airflow on the horizontal tail surfaces, Inertia calculations updated and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations.
* Bug which allow ground travel outside the minimap on location “Kuban” has been fixed.
* Fixed a bug, where in the game mode “Break” was possible to respawn on the rocks.
* Fixed errors related to joining to “Enduring Confrontation” session that is in progress.

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/478 23.07.2015]==

* LINUX: window stuck in fullscreen has been fixed.
* RENDER: disappearing snow in tank locations has been fixed.
* RENDER: ground vehicle rendering in simulator mode has been fixed.
* Carpathians: The reward for additional tasks has been reduced (-10% ticket points from enemy team).
* Kursk: A bug in “Conquest” mode, which initiated the activation of the wrong missions in “Realistic Battles” mode and “Simulator Battles” has been fixed.

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/479 24.07.2015]==

* Camouflages for the SU-122-54 and for the premium M46 have been added.
* Ground vehicle engine and transmission repairs have been fixed. From now on, all damage which affect the mobility of the vehicle can be repaired if the repair kit has been researched. Previously, some damage may have been able to affect the engine or transmission, without the ability to repair it.
* The ‘behind armour effect’ and the effect on sloped armour for some aircraft armour-piercing rounds and armour-piercing composite rounds have been fixed.
* The ‘behind armour effect’ of sabot shells (type APCR) has been slightly reduced. The parameters of secondary fragments from more powerful post-war shells with detachable trays (type APDS) were previously used incorrectly.
* New “[https://warthunder.com/en/devblog/current/802 Drill Squadrons]” with limited functionality, but with the possibility to participate in squadron battles, have been introduced.

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/480 31.07.2015]==

* The Linux Launcher has been released | [https://yupmaster.gaijinent.com/launcher/current.php?id=WarThunderLauncherLinux Download Here]
* Various rare issues when logging in have been fixed.
* Some errors on Windows 10 have been fixed.
* Some errors on Linux have been fixed.

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/481 04.08.2015]==

* T-10M armour has been fixed: turret ring hole’s diameter was larger than inner wall of the turret so tank’s crew and modules could have been damaged by spall fragments if hit under the turret
* The error with camouflage on the USSR premium M4A2 has been fixed.
* The bug with coaxial machine gun on Maus has been fixed. it was impossible to aim the machine gun vertically.
* Fixed the types of 90mm shells for T33 and T43 from armour-piercing with ballistic and armour-piercing caps to sharp armour-piercing shells. According to Pershing: A History of the Medium Tank T20 Series. R. P. Hunnicutt. Armor-piercing ammunition for Gun, 90mm, M3.
* Roll function on P-51D-5 with a dead engine will remain controllable.
* Wingmen in ‘Tactical control’ single missions will use bombs and rockets if the player cannot switch to another wingman.
* Rocket powered engines will now be able to restart in the air.
* When fuel is overfilled, fuel counter will not show negative values.
* Various issues when reconnecting to ‘Enduring Confrontation’ session have been fixed
* User localizations sometimes not loading properly has been fixed
* D, 520/521 - Refined fuselage polar and tail assembly (exchange rate stability has been improved). Improved handling at high speeds. Improved stability whilst in a vertical dive.
* ХР-50 - Improved handling at high speeds. Improved stability whilst in a vertical dive. Geometrical and weight parameters of tail assembly have been specified.
* Havok Mk.1 - Specified calculation for airflow on the horizontal tail surfaces, Inertia calculations updated and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations. Improved handling in all flight modes. Improved the operation of automatic engine control.
* DB-7 - Specified the calculation for the airflow on horizontal tail surfaces, Inertia calculations updated and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations. Improved handling in all flight modes. Improved the operation of automatic engine control.
* Boston Mk.1 - Specified the calculation for the airflow on horizontal tail surfaces, Inertia calculations updated and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations. Improved handling in all flight modes. Improved the operation of automatic engine control. Installed Pratt & Whitney R-1830-S3C4-G engine.
* PBY-5/5a - The intermittent error where a tendency of pitching the nose upwards periodically when the rudder or stabilizator were lost has been fixed.
* Ki-43 (all models) - Specified the calculation for the airflow on horizontal tail surfaces, Inertia calculations updated and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations.
* Fury MkI - Installed Kestrel IIs engine. Flight model has been completely reworked. Size, weight, and restrictions on control have been edited (vertical dive, overload, chassis durability). Wing and profile have been recalculated. Specified the calculation for the airflow on horizontal tail surfaces, Inertia calculations updated.and damped in all axes. Edited inertia calculations. .
* Do-17E1 - Specified the parameters of the BMW VI engine. Installed propellers with fixed pitch.
* P-26 (all models) - Applied new calculation for airflow on horizontal tail surfaces. Inertia calculations updated and CG-position dependant on how much fuel is being carried. Specified climbing parameters.
* P-36 (all models) - Flight model has been completely reworked. Recalculated the power characteristics of the engine (exactly conforms to prototype), improved handling on all flight modes and types. Fixed “jerking” on mouse aiming.
* P-51/Мк.-1 - supply fuel tank added. In the inverted position the flight is limited to 10 seconds. Refined wing focuses (aerodynamic centre).
* A-36 - supply fuel tank added. In the inverted position the flight is limited to 10 seconds. Refined the wing focuses (aerodynamic centre). Specified the focus offset when releasing air brakes as well as their resistance.
* P-51-D (all models) - supply fuel tank added.. In the inverted position the flight is limited to 10 seconds. Slightly reduced likelihood of engine overheating.
* Il-28 - Refined balance and model of the airflow, increased negative destructive overload up to -4G (weight with full fuel tanks without bombs).
* Vampire FB.5 / Venom FB.4 - Refined balance, model of the airflow and inertia calculations.
* Icons added to battle log messages

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/482 06.08.2015]==

* Client stability has been improved

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/483 07.08.2015]==

* A bug when small secondary shards and cumulative jet could pierce through crew member has been fixed (secondary shards with low penetration can no longer pierce through several crew members sitting in line).

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/484 10.08.2015]==

* A bug where AI torpedo bombers didn't drop torpedoes and failed to destroy enemy ships has been fixed;
* Font in Battle Log has been fixed.

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/485 13.08.2015]==

* Client stability has been improved;
* Fixed a rare issue that led to the Squadron Tag not being displayed for some players;
* Fixed a bug on Mozdok which made it possible for a spawn point to appear outside the minimap area;
* Fix a bug when calling an artillery strike on the map with gamepad controls.

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/486 21.08.2015]==

* Reduced the maximum fire rate of the F-34, ZIS-5 and ZIS-3 cannons from 10.8 to 8.7 shots per minute.
* Reduced the maximum fire rate of the L-11 canon from 9.6 to 8.4 shots per minute.
* Reduced the maximum fire rate of the T-34 1942 from 11.7 to 9.3 shots per minute.
* Increased the ‘behind armour effect’ of secondary fragments when armour-piercing shells penetrate.

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/487 25.08.2015]==

* Several stability errors have been fixed.

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/488 01.09.2015]==

* Windows: A crash that occurred while using the AMD Gaming Evolved Client in some configurations has been fixed.

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/489 02.09.2015]==

* Client stability has been improved.

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/490 23.09.2015]==

* Quantitative Matchmaking as described in our [https://warthunder.com/en/devblog/current/821 Developer's Blog] has been enabled for the following BR brackets:
** Tanks: 6.7 - 7.7 and 7.0-7.7
** Aircraft: 6.7 - 7.7 and 7.0 - 8.0 and 7.3 - 8.3
** There is a limit of 4 top vehicles per team, except for the BR 7.0 - 7.7 bracket, where it is 6.
* The Battle Ratings have been updated to work with Quantitative Matchmaking. Details in the forum.
* Similar Premium and regular vehicles will now share the same Battle Rating based on their combined performance data.
* The Economy has been updated. Details in the forum.
* The shell type BR-471D has been added for the following vehicles: IS-2 "Revenge", IS-2 Mod. 1944, SU-122P

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/491 25.09.2015]==

* Client stability has been improved.

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/492 07.10.2015]==

* Client stability has been improved.
* Fixed sound effect when ground vehicles collide with trees and bushes.
* Error, which could lead to micro lags at the start of ground battles on PC’s with low performance, has been fixed.

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/493 08.10.2015]==

* An error which caused problems while downloading files for a client update has been fixed.

===[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/494 Global changes for Matchmaking]===
[https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/270236-planned-changes-to-br-and-mm/ Not so long ago, we announced a new intended feature in matchmaking], this would allow us to limit the amount of specific vehicles in battles. The rule has been tested in battles with ground vehicles and aircraft at higher ranks and proved itself robust. It gives the players an opportunity to engage in much more comfortable battles and meet many enemies at closer ranks and BR’s.

Now we are announcing an important change in battles at all ranks for ground vehicles and for aircraft!

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/495 13.10.2015]==

* Compensation issued for removed/changed engine injection modification (thanks to Jorge_Too for the report).

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/496 19.10.2015]==
Changes in the operation of modification “new boosters” in jets for the following aircraft:

* MiG-15, Canberra B.2, Canberra B.6, B-57A, Il-28 - Modification “new boosters” has been removed. These aircraft use conventional control rods and cables or hydraulic actuators for the operation of control surfaces.
* MiG-15bis, MiG-15bis (GER), La-15, La-174, F9F-2, F9F-5, F-84B, Venom FB4, F-80A, F-80C, F2H-2 - modification “new boosters” affects the speed of roll control only as hydraulic actuators in these aircraft were installed in the aileron mechanism.
* In the the F-86 series, the effect of the modification "new boosters" improves handling for roll and pitch - hydraulic actuators were installed only on the ailerons and elevators.
* The research points and game currency spent on research of removed modules will be compensated.

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/497 22.10.2015]==

* Steam Controller support has been added.

==[https://warthunder.com/en/game/changelog/current/498 27.10.2015]==

* Client stability has been improved.

{{Updates}}

[[Category:Updates]]

Assault Mode

2023-11-20T08:09:13Z

U153435799: /* Ground Assault Mode */

'''Assault Mode''' is a cooperative game mode for aircraft, ground vehicles and helicopters where players fight against the AI.
The main objective is to defend the base from several waves of enemies. Team can consist of up to 10 players.
This game mode uses the damage and flight models, and other mechanics, from Arcade Battles (including rearming in flight). There is no limit for how many times players can spawn the same vehicle, so it is possible to bring only one.

Unlike in other modes, it is required to pay SL to spawn in the vehicle (0.8 x the vehicle's AB repair cost), instead of when the player's vehicle is destroyed.
Rewards are given based on how long the player survives the mission. In addition, the player's first battle of the day gives a special reward depending on the mission length (how many waves have been defeated).
The minimal required amount of points in a battle to get the full reward (RP and SL amount) is 1,500, everyone after reaching it will get the same amount of RP and SL. The best reward that is possible to get is a 300% SL or RP booster and a universal backup for any vehicle.

== Levels in Assault Mode ==
=== Air Assault mode ===
Depending on the BR of the aircraft being used, there are five level in Air Assault battles:

:* The first level includes aircraft with a BR of between 1.0 and 2.3.
:* The second level includes aircraft with a BR of between 2.7 and 3.7.
:* The third level includes aircraft with a BR of between 4.0 and 5.0.
:* The fourth level includes aircraft with a BR of between 5.3 and 6.3.
:* The fifth level includes aircraft with a BR of 6.7+.

Players can still use aircraft with a battle rating lower than the indicated range. For example, it is possible to use propeller-driven fighters in the highest rank battles.

=== Ground Assault mode ===
Depending on the BR of the ground vehicle or helicopter being used, there are six ranks in Ground Assault battles:

:* The first level includes tanks with a BR of between 1.0 and 2.3.
:* The second level includes tanks with a BR of between 2.7 and 3.7.
:* The third level includes tanks with a BR of between 4.0 and 5.0.
:* The fourth level includes tanks with a BR of between 5.3 and 6.3.
:* The fifth level includes tanks with a BR between 6.7 and 8.0.
:* The sixth level includes tanks and helicopters with a BR of 8.3+.

== Air Assault ==
=== Objective ===
Players use aircraft to defend the base at the centre of the map which is located under the spawn zone. The AI can use three unit types: bombers, attackers, and ground artillery units.
The number of active players affects the amount of AI units which is being spawned by the game, for example when there are only five players then the game will spawn only half of the normal amount of planes.

The total amount of waves is 15. The remaining amount of waves to spawn for the mission is shown in the bottom-left corner to the right side of the other indicators.
The next wave appears when all planes are either destroyed or the time counter between waves reaches 0 (it is reset every time a new wave appears). The time counter's start value decreases as the mission progresses, so waves of enemies will appear faster and at the end it is possible to fight two at the same time.

=== Waves ===
Waves can be composed of (B) bombers or (A) attackers and in some cases it is (R) random (there's a 50% chance of getting either bombers or attackers).
Bombers spawn 20 kilometres away from the base position at 3,500 metres altitude and they fly in a straight line towards their target.
Attackers also spawn 20 kilometres from the base but at much lower altitude - 1,500 metres. Just before reaching the base, they start to dive to drop their bombs, and they can still be intercepted during that action.

A table showing when and what type of units spawn during the mission:

{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
! colspan="16" | Waves
|-
! Wave
| style="width:6%" | 1
| style="width:6%" | 2
| style="width:6%" | 3
| style="width:6%" | 4
| style="width:6%" | 5
| style="width:6%" | 6
| style="width:6%" | 7
| style="width:6%" | 8
| style="width:6%" | 9
| style="width:6%" | 10
| style="width:6%" | 11
| style="width:6%" | 12
| style="width:6%" | 13
| style="width:6%" | 14
| style="width:6%" | 15
|-
! Type
| B || A || R || B || A || R || B || A || R || B || A || R || A || R || B
|-
|}

The number of spawned units can vary depending on battle level (1-5) and number of beaten waves, the more of them that are destroyed, the more enemies that spawn and their number will be increased up to 4 times per battle (it happens every 3-4 destroyed waves).

=== Artillery units ===
The artillery units use different mechanics to the bombers and attackers. Though they do not have the range to directly damage the main base, they instead regularly remove points from the base's health pool. This pool is shown in the bottom-left corner next to the artillery icon.
The points decrease for as long as artillery units remain alive and the battle ends when the base's health reaches 0.

Spawn of artillery units is random and can happen from the second wave, but its chance for spawn gets higher every wave. Once they appear, they will not spawn again until the 8th wave, at which time the random chance to spawn is reset and they are able to spawn again.

=== Enemy types ===
Depending on level, the game spawns different units, the higher is the level of battle the harder they are to destroy.

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{{Tree-End}}

== Ground Assault ==
=== Objective ===
Players use ground vehicles and helicopters to defend the zone on the map centre from incoming waves of enemy tanks.
Helicopters are allowed only in the top tier bracket (BR 8.3+).

The main objective is to not let the enemy units capture the area on the centre of map and slow them down as much as possible. If the AI units manage to enter the capture zone, it will start to flash and the team will start to lose tickets, the more AI that enter it, the more tickets the team loses.
The enemy units slow down upon entering the zone, and their shooting accuracy is also lowered.
After successfully defending the zone and destroying enemy waves your team regain a small amount of lost tickets. The battle is lost once the team's tickets reaches 0.
The counter in the bottom-left corner shows the remaining amount of waves to beat (including current one).

Destroying enemy planes is optional but highly recommended, some of them are equipped with weapons that can destroy player's vehicle in a single attack.
Sometimes a pickup can appear outside the zone, it can repair the tank and replenish its ammunition.
The number of active players affects the amount of AI units which is being spawned by the game.

=== Waves ===
Waves can be composed of four unit types: light tanks, medium tanks, slightly better medium tanks, and heavy tanks. Every wave, two planes are also spawned which attack ground units and player controlled helicopters.
In top tier assault battles, SPAA units can also appear, they will engage only flying units. Usually the game spawns one SPAA unit per player in a helicopter, their range is so large that they can reach players very soon after they leave the helipad. SPAA units spawn during the 2nd, 5th, 8th and 11th wave and it happens 20 seconds after the tanks start to appear.
Spawn position of ground units is random, they always spawn from seven different predetermined directions.

Some enemy ground units can attack player-controlled helicopters by using their roof-mounted machine guns, such as the Russian tanks on Kursk map.
The accuracy of the AI remains very high even when driving at full speed.

It is a viable tactic to destroy track of the front most vehicles to make them stop, but keep in mind that they can repair damaged parts, including the engine and extinguish parts that are set on fire.

A table showing when and what type of units spawn during the mission (Light (L), Medium (M), Intermediate (MH), Heavy (H) and (S) Air Cover (in top tier battles)):

{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%"
! colspan="16" | Waves
|-
! Wave
| style="width:8%" | 1
| style="width:8%" | 2
| style="width:8%" | 3
| style="width:8%" | 4
| style="width:8%" | 5
| style="width:8%" | 6
| style="width:8%" | 7
| style="width:8%" | 8
| style="width:8%" | 9
| style="width:8%" | 10
| style="width:8%" | 11
|-
! Type
| L || M + S || H || M || MH || H || L + S || MH || H || MH + S || H
|-
|}

The amount of spawned units can vary depending of battle level (1-6) and amount of beaten waves, the more of them are destroyed the more of enemies are spawning and the game increases their number up to 4 times per battle (that happens every 3-4 destroyed waves).

=== Enemy types ===
Depending on level, the game spawns different units, the higher is the level of battle the harder they are to destroy.

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{{Tree-End}}

 

{{Tree-Start|3|without header}}
{{Tree-Line|}}
|style="border-left: solid 1px #cccccc"|{{Tree-Skip|40px}}<center>'''Vehicle{{Tree-Skip|1px}}Type'''</center>
|style="border-left: solid 1px #cccccc"|<center>[[File:Heavy_tanks_icon.png|50px|link=]][[File:USA flag.png|70px|link=Category:USA_ground_vehicles]]{{Tree-Skip|6px}}[[File:MapIcon Ground Ardennes.jpg|135px|link=Ardennes_(Ground_Forces)]]</center>{{Tree-Skip|10px}}
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|style="border-left: solid 1px #cccccc"|<center>[[File:Heavy_tanks_icon.png|50px|link=]][[File:USSR flag.png|70px|link=Category:USSR_ground_vehicles]]{{Tree-Skip|5px}}[[File:MapIcon Ground Kursk.jpg|135px|link=Kursk_(Ground_Forces)]]</center>{{Tree-Skip|10px}}
|style="border-left: solid 1px #cccccc"|<center>[[File:Heavy_tanks_icon.png|50px|link=]][[File:FRG flag.png|70px|link=Category:Germany_ground_vehicles]]{{Tree-Skip|5px}}[[File:MapIcon Ground Mozdok.jpg|135px|link=Mozdok_(Ground_Forces)]]</center>{{Tree-Skip|10px}}
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{{Tree-Skip|10px}}

{{Tree-End}}

= Strategies =
For both modes:

* Don't shy away from expensive ammo. Ammo is free in this mode.
* Try to bring vehicles at the top of each BR segment - they tend to have better guns.

== Air Assault Mode ==
=== General Advice ===

* Make sure to shoot down all the bombers in a wave. Often players think teammates will take care of the remaining bombers, therefore no one is doing it and one or two will get through and damage the base.
* Never waste your time going after planes that have already dropped their ordnance on the target. Enemy planes that are still carrying bombs are given a blinking red/yellow icon, whereas empty ones do not blink. The only exception to this rule is when you are sure the game is lost.
* Similarly, do not waste time going after out-of-control targets either. They may appear still alive, but their abnormal attitude or speed should make it clear they will not reach the target.
* Try to prioritize bombers: the damage they inflict is much more compared to attackers or fighters. They also drop bombs from further away. (Do be careful around the extra turrets.)
* Maximize your time in the air. If you are low on SL and have to use the airfield, press J (on PC) to leave the aircraft after a successful landing. You can then respawn at the air point with a discount, saving time for climbing. (You cannot use the air spawn with a fully intact plane, however.)
* Target the further-away waves if one enemy wave already has enough teammates shooting at it.
* Try tracer belts. They will not make you more visible to AI, but you will be able to hit from further away.
* Bind and use the "reload" key. Ammo is free, and you don't want to miss out on the action due to lack of ammo.
* Make the best use of head-on engagements. Head-ons are often more effective since you can hit the pilot easily: you can usually take out two at a time. Enemy AI planes do not use their forward-facing "offensive guns", making such engagements safer than chasing ones.
* Gunpods may be more useful than missiles, but bring you into the range of bomber turrets.
* Be sure to destroy the first round of howitzers before they get the base to low health - a second wave of howitzers may spawn.

=== [[File:USSR_flag.png|x42px]] [[Berlin_(Air_Forces)|Berlin]] ===

=== [[File:Britain_flag.png|x42px]] Norway ===

=== [[File:USA_flag.png|x42px]] Ruhr ===

=== [[File:France_flag.png|x42px]] Sicily ===

=== [[File:Germany_flag.png|x42px]] Stalingrad ===

=== [[File:Italy_flag.png|x42px]] Tunisia ===

=== [[File:Japan_flag.png|x42px]] Zhengzhou ===

* Feel free to take more Incendiary ammunition, as Japanese planes ignite easily.

== Ground Assault Mode ==
=== General Advice ===

It is recommended to bring vehicles with a good to decent rate of fire, and high damage. Armour may be helpful, but one shouldn't rely too much on it. Speed is also helpful for manoeuvring, especially on Ardennes, but slow tanks can still perform decently well. High penetration is optional: vehicles with low penetration are advised to flank.

Make sure at least one vehicle in your lineup is capable of reliably penetrating the heavy tanks that spawn - moving weakspots are hard to hit. Churchills in particular should be noted due to their impressive frontal and side armour, combined with the fact that only a few 3.7 tanks are able to reliably penetrate the Churchill III from a distance. Also, remember: DO NOT JUST STAND THERE. The trenches do not have adequete cover.

'''Smoke Grenades & Smoke Shells'''

Shooting smoke shells or using smoke grenades around bots inside the square is heavily unadvised. It prevents other players from spotting and shooting AI. When using smoke grenade to take cover, it is recommended to back out of other teammates' lines of fire first. If the player is unable to retreat in such situation, it is recommended to consider respawning instead of using smoke grenades. It will pratically useless against bots.

'''Fighters and Attackers'''

When getting the option to use a plane, it is unadvised to use it right away. AI aircraft don't generally pose a serious threat compared to AI tanks. Even if the team lacks a SPAA to shoot the planes down, it still is heavily unadvised for a player to spawn a fighter during a "heavy" wave. It is more suited to spawn a bomber or an attacker in such situation while leaving the task of killing the enemy planes for a "lighter" wave.
Attack aircraft are also generally less effective than heavy bombers (bombs are generally more effective than rockets and guns). One should consider saving the points instead for a bomber.

'''Helicopters'''

Level 6 (8.3+) offers players the choice of using helicopters alongside their ground vehicles. While helicopters can be very effective at destroying ground vehicles, they remain vulnerable to either AI's tanks' machine guns or by SPAA which can spawn repeatedly and, as mentioned previously, they open fire from a considerable range. Due to the SPAA's stationary nature, it is advised to use guided Anti-Tank missiles to deal with SPAAs while one manoeuvres their helicopter to avoid fire. However due to the low ammunition count of ATGMs, this tactic can pose a problem when it comes to attacking tanks, as such it is advised to use unguided rockets, which helicopters can bring plentiful of, as well as Armour-Piercing ammunition for cannons to engage tanks.
Helicopters are also able to reload without the need of returning to the airfield, such reload is affected

=== [[File:USA_flag.png|x42px]] [[Ardennes_(Ground_Forces)|Ardennes]] ===
[[File:Ardennes_(Assault Strat).png|right|thumb|x200px|Strategy for [[Ardennes_(Ground_Forces)|Ardennes]]]]
Ardennes offers a lot of options and cover: such advantages make it a favourite among players.

* Location 1 is a heavily recommended spot. It provides good hull-down cover as well as offering tanks flexibility in engagements due to its close proximity with the base.
* Location 2 is recommended for countering the eastern B waves.
* Locations 3 and 4 are able to counter the A northern waves, however players may find it more difficult to reach such position as well as not providing enough flexibility in engagements due to its remote location from the base.
* Location 5 is recommended to counter the western waves, however players can be left exposed to enemies coming from the southeast.
* Location 6 is only recommended if the player's vehicle has a strong turret armour in order to take advantage of the hull-down position.

=== [[File:Britain_flag.png|x42px]] [[Sinai|Sinai]] ===
[[File:Sinai_(Assault Strat).png|right|thumb|x200px|Strategy for [[Sinai|Sinai]]]]
Unlike Ardennes, Sinai is considered among the hardest maps among players. Cooperation is crucial due to the open terrain.

* Locations 5, 6, and 7 are heavily recommended since they can cover the most possible waves. It is also recommended to spawn as soon as possible at the start of the match due to the short time given to get to these places before the first wave: in case a player is unable to find cover when the first wave spawns, it is likely to get quickly sniped by the enemy tanks.
* Players that prefer to play safer or are unable to reach these locations on time, are recommended to go to location 1. However, the rocks nearby the base can become a nuisance when shooting at the enemy. Such place can also take very few players at the same time.
* Locations 2, 3, and 4 are very situational: due to the limited cover, players are advised to often relocate from such positions based on where the enemy waves are coming from.

=== [[File:USSR_flag.png|x42px]] [[Kursk_(Ground_Forces)|Kursk]] ===
[[File:Kursk_(Assault Strat).png|right|thumb|x200px|Strategy for [[Kursk_(Ground_Forces)|Kursk]]]]
Unlike other maps, enemies in Kursk only comes in a 180° arc instead of from all directions. However, the map offers very little cover outside of the base, therefore most of the advised locations are positioned inside the base.

* Location 1 allows players to counter A, B, and C paths while remaining hull-down.
* Location 5 is advised to flank the F path.

The other locations are defensive places. However, if the player's vehicle cannot penetrate enemies frontally, they are advised to charge out at the AI once they approach the base.

=== [[File:Germany_flag.png|x42px]] [[Mozdok_(Ground_Forces)|Mozdok]] ===
[[File:Mozdok_(Assault Strat).png|right|thumb|x200px|Strategy for [[Mozdok_(Ground_Forces)|Mozdok]]]]
Unlike Kursk, Mozdok offers a lot of cover for players to spread out, as such they are advised to take advantage of positions outside the base.

* Location 1 is strategically recommended to counter enemies coming from the North: in particular A, B, and G paths.
* Location 2 is the most versatile location. It will counter C and D, as well as allowing players to shoot at enemies coming from A, B, and G once they reach the base.
* Locations 3, 4, and 5 are situational, depending on where the enemies spawn. They are very exposed in some directions and should only be used as needed. Location 5 in particular is useful for countering D, E, and F.
* Location 6 is for countering E and F, they allow players to counter the north and southwestern paths quickly.
* Location 7 can be useful with enemies coming from A or G, however it leaves players exposed to enemies spawning at B or C.

=== [[File:Japan_flag.png|x42px]] [[Japan (Ground Forces)|Japan]] ===
[[File:Emperors_Garden_(Assault Strat).png|right|thumb|x200px|Strategy for [[Japan (Ground Forces)|Japan]]]]
Due to the open nature of the map, Japan is also considered among the hardest maps. However, unlike Sinai, the lack of considerable armour on Japanese tanks provides an advantage for players.

* The western waves (A) can be countered by having people at Locations 1, 2, and 3 . Locations 2 and 3 can also effectively counter the north-eastern waves (B).
* The southeastern wave (C) cannot be adequately dealt with from any of those locations, although from location 3, players can engage some of the tanks depending on the size of both the player’s and enemy’s tanks. Location 4 is heavily recommended to counter the southeastern wave. Players are also advised to prioritize that wave for air strikes.
* The eastern flank is a lot more open in nature, therefore there is no recommended location to effectively counter it.

=== [[File:France_flag.png|x42px]] [[Maginot_Line_(Ground_Forces)|Maginot Line]] ===
[[File:Maginot_Line_(Assault_Strat).png|right|thumb|x200px|Strategy for [[Maginot_Line_(Ground_Forces)|Maginot Line]]]]

* Usually, enemies coming from path A pose serious threat, however players can effectively use location 1 to counter enemies coming down this path. This location also provides cover and allows players to go hull down against all the other waves, however players may require to shoot at moving targets over 1 km in order to maximize the use of this place against waves D, E, F, and G.
* Locations 2 and 3 are considerably difficult to reach, however they can provide decent cover with buildings. Players can effectively counter B and C from such position.
* Location 4 is the northern counterpart of 1. It is an excellent ambush location and can cover all the paths with exception of the A path.
* Location 5 incorporates excellent cover, through a channel dug in between some mounds, as well as being reasonably close to the base. Players using slow tanks are advised to use such position. However, enemies coming from G may pose a threat to players..
* The bunker in location 6 provides excellent cover. Its location inside the cap circle allows player to effectively resupply the player, as such it is a heavily recommended spot for players utilizing vehicles with an autoloader. However, players will have to change their position around the bunker according to the waves.

=== [[File:NATO_flag.png|x42px]] [[Fulda_(Ground_Forces)|Fulda Gap]] ===
[[File:Fulda_(Assault_Strat).png|right|thumb|x200px|Strategy for [[Fulda_(Ground_Forces)|Fulda]]]]

* Location 1 provides excellent cover, and can be used to engage and get flanking shots on the waves above the dotted red line. However, such location prevents players from engaging enemies coming from the south or southeast section of the map.
* The base, located at location 2, provides decent cover. However players will require a gun with high penetration in order to penetrate heavily armoured enemies such as Leopards 2A5 or M1A2.
* Location 3 lies directly underneath the flightpath of the enemy fighters, F-84s, equipped with Tiny Tims. It is the ideal location for SPAAs. It also is an excellent countering position for enemies coming from the south.

= Media =


;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|J1G4iGba5MA|'''The Shooting Range #226''' - ''Tips and tricks'' section at 08:05 discusses Assault air arcade.|TZRl4RvDmbE|'''The Shooting Range #193''' - ''Tips and tricks'' section at 08:17 discusses Assault ground arcade.}}

[[Category:Game_modes]]

AV-8A

2023-11-09T13:36:42Z

U153435799:

{{About
| about = American jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Harrier (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=av_8a
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|StoreImage AV-8A 001.jpg}}
|store=9687
}}

== Description ==

The United States Marine Corps (USMC) sought a replacement of their aging A-4 Skyhawk fleet in the 1960s. The Hawker Siddley Harrier was evaluated and found suitable for their needs for a close air support aircraft in amphibious warfare. Following the acceptance of the Harrier, McDonnell Douglas obtained the production license to build the aircraft domestically within the United States with desired changes to fit the USMC needs. The USMC would receive their first Harriers in March 1971, designated AV-8A, and known within Hawker Siddley as Harrier Mk 50. The AV-8A would serve in the USMC, alongside its upgraded version the AV-8C, until its retirement in 1987.

Introduced in [[Update "New Power"]], the '''{{Specs|name}}''' was one of the first [[VTOL]] aircraft in the United States tech tree. The AV-8A, like the other members of the [[Harrier (Family)|Harrier family]], is capable of vertical take-off and landing with its thrust vectoring nozzles, in addition to enhancing its manoeuvrability. Among the [[Harrier (Family)]], it has a higher powered engine than the [[Harrier GR.1]], but it has the same engine as the others ([[Harrier GR.3]] and [[AV-8C]]). A variety of payload could be equipped to suit the performance expected of the Harrier, whether it is the IR Sidewinder missiles for anti-air purposes, bombs and rockets for ground attack purposes, or both to respond to a dynamic battlefield. As such, the AV-8A can be a very flexible aircraft for players to use on the battlefield.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,151 || 1,145 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 32.2 || 33.1 || 81.7 || 75.2 || rowspan="2" | 550
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,164 || 1,156 || 31.7 || 32.0 || 102.7 || 87.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 828 || 556 || ~14 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 648 || < 950 || < 790 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot, engine oil, and full water tank; but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Rolls-Royce F402-RR-401 || 1
| colspan="2" | 5,918 kg || colspan="3" | 439 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 34m fuel
|-
| 1,687 kg || colspan="2" | Vectored-thrust low-bypass turbofan
| 6,605 kg || 7,292 kg || 7,978 kg || 8,253 kg || 12,679 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 34m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 9,071 kgf || 9,625 kgf
| 1.46 || 1.32 || 1.21 || 1.17 || 0.76
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 9,071 kgf (0 km/h) || 9,625 kgf (0 km/h)
| 1.46 || 1.32 || 1.21 || 1.17 || 0.76
|-
|}
{{Notice|The F402-RR-401 engine loses a significant amount of thrust as your speed increases}}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The AV-8A has no armour. The engine and all fuel tanks are packed in a tight cluster in the centre of the fuselage, which makes it quite vulnerable, as a few well-placed shots can cause major damage.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|ADEN Mk.4 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 30 mm ADEN Mk.4 cannons, belly-mounted (130 rpg = 260 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="9%" | 1 !! width="9%" | 2 !! width="9%" | 3 !! width="9%" | 4 !! width="9%" | 5
| rowspan="11" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_Harrier_GR.3.png]]</div>
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 81 (250 lb)|250 lb LDGP Mk 81]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[Mk 81 Snakeye (250 lb)|250 lb Mk 81 Snakeye]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 82 (500 lb)|500 lb LDGP Mk 82]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[Mk 82 Snakeye (500 lb)|500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83]] bombs
| || 1 || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Mk 77 mod 4 incendiary]] bombs
| 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1
|-
! [[FFAR Mighty Mouse]] rockets
| 7, 19 || 7, 19 || || 7, 19 || 7, 19
|-
! [[Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP]] rockets
| 4 || 4 || || 4 || 4
|-
! [[AIM-9G Sidewinder]] missiles
| 1 || || || || 1
|-
! Countermeasures
| || || 240 || ||
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* Without load
* 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles
* 28 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 76 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 16 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets
* 5 x 250 lb LDGP Mk 81 bombs (1,250 lb total)
* 5 x 250 lb Mk 81 Snakeye bombs (1,250 lb total)
* 5 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (2,500 lb total)
* 5 x 500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye bombs (2,500 lb total)
* 2 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (2,000 lb total)
* 5 x Mk 77 mod 4 incendiary bombs
* 240 x countermeasures
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==

The AV-8A can be considered a multirole aircraft which can focus in air-to-air combat, air-to-ground combat and air-to-sea combat. Its firepower and ordnance make it a competitive aircraft in all game modes. The roles can be divided in such:

'''In air-to-air combat:'''

The Harrier has access to AIM-9G Sidewinder air to air missiles capable of taking down all enemy aircraft in the game. The AIM-9G is a rear-aspect lock-on missile, meaning the Harrier must be behind the enemy aircraft to be able to launch the missile.

'''When facing enemy bombers:'''

Enemy bombers are the easiest targets for the Harrier both in gun strafe and when using missiles as they lack agility when dogfighting against the Harrier and countermeasures such as flares to be able to counter the missiles. However, it is unlikely to face enemy bombers besides the [[Vautour (Family)|Vautours]]. AI-controlled bombers are the exception.

'''When facing enemy attackers:'''

When facing player-controlled attackers (not necessarily planes labelled as attackers but planes who focus on ground striking), the pilot must stay aware that, besides the Harrier superior mobility, they can outturn you as they will often fly at lower speeds than you, meaning their turn radius compared to yours will be much smaller. Most of the enemy planes that do CAS runs will often be enemy fighters (not labelled as attackers) but with ground ordnance, meaning they can or will be heavier than you, increasing drag and reducing agility when in a dogfight, use this as an advantage.

'''As an attacker/bomber:'''

The Harrier has access to a wide variety of ground ordnance capable of destroying enemy ground units and bases. It also has [[Ballistic Computer#CCIP Usage|CCIP]] meaning the pilot has access to ground ordnance crosshairs which will increase accuracy for both rockets and bombs, as well as [[Ballistic Computer#CCRP Usage|CCRP]] allowing for guided approach to target and automatic bomb release. It is advised to fly to your bombing target at as low altitude as possible (NOE flight). This approach has multiple advantages: increased radar interference from terrain masking and terrain clutter, and reduced enemy visibility and awareness. It also makes bombing more accurate, even with the help of ballistics computer. Time fuse is essential for low level bombing, to avoid hitting yourself with shrapnel from your own bombs. Ground striking ordnance should be taken at pilot's discretion, but it is recommended to take the 2 x 1,000 lb and 3 x 500 lb bombs in order to take a whole base completely and still maintain high speed. You are unable to carry any sort of anti-air missiles with this payload.

Radar interference is mostly irrelevant in air realistic battles as the plane will still be highlighted and enemy pilots could use eye aiming. However, it will interfere with radar homing missiles (SARH missiles such as AIM-7E, R-3R, etc. carried by F-4 Phantoms and MiG-21s) and will be your main line of defence when flying in simulator battles, you will be able to fly stealthily in NOE flight.

'''When in combined battles (ground realistic battles):'''

This is where the Harrier is able to shine as an attacker, primarily using VTOL and hovering mode to an advantage. There is multiple loadouts which can be used in order to make the Harrier a scary attacker.

'''Bomb payload''' - This is often the most used payload for multiple reasons: has the biggest explosion radius compared to rockets, are more forgiving when missing by couple metres, can take multiple targets with a single bomb. The use of ballistics computer makes their aiming much easier than with eye aiming both in realistic and simulator battles.

'''Rocket payload'''- This is the trickiest but most rewarding payload the Harrier can carry (rewarding as it is able to make much more kills than bombs). Tanks can be destroyed with one to three rocket salvos (launched in pairs, meaning with 2 to 6 rockets in total). This means if you take the 76 x Might Mouse rocket payload, you can get up to 12 kills if it takes you 6 rockets per tank.

'''VTOL trick''' - The Harrier can be used as a helicopter thanks to the VTOL capabilities, rockets are recommended if used like this. It is able to hide behind mountains, poke to attack and go back into cover as a helicopter would do. Handling this technique can be tricky and will require practice but is an alternate way of playing CAS.

AIM-9G are not recommended to be taken in Ground Realistic Battles as most of the air to air engagements will be within a kilometre range specially since the AIM-9G's turn radius is fairly narrow, meaning enemy planes can be engaged with the 30 mm ADEN autocannons or be taken by friendly SPAA. It is not recommended to use them against enemy helicopters either as the autocannons are sufficient for them.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Thrust vectoring capabilities
** Can be used during combat to temporarily boost turn rate
** Can land and rearm on the helicopter bases in combined battles
* AIM-9Gs are potent missiles, having a max overload of 18G and a very long burn time
* 22 different payload options, many of which are great for bombing
* Powerful 30 mm ADEN cannons with a generous ammo count of 260 rounds (130 per gun)
* Has a [[HUD#410SUM1|Head-Up Display]] in the cockpit which provides flight information and accurate weapon aiming functionality and is useful in Simulator battles
* Large supply of 240 countermeasures

'''Cons:'''

* Heavy airframe loses significant speed in turns
* No Radar Warning Receiver
* Only gets two air-to-air missiles at most
* ADEN cannons have low velocity
* Limited WEP and lack of afterburner
* Engine overheats very quickly above 90% throttle
* Using thrust vectoring in combat bleeds speed and leaves you vulnerable
* Stiffens up in dives; this can be fatal during ground attack missions

== History ==

The US military had been paying close attention to the development of British VTOL aircraft through the 1950s / 60s, taking part in the testing and evaluation of the Hawker Siddeley P.1127 / Kestrel FGA.1 (prototypes that would eventually develop into the Harrier) in the mid-1960s. At the 1968 Farnborough air show two United States Marine Corps (USMC) pilots, Col. Thomas H. Miller (eventually promoted to Lieutenant General) and Lt. Col. Bud Baker unexpectedly arrived at the Hawker Siddeley Aviation (HSA) chalet and announced they had been sent to test fly the new Harrier GR.1 aircraft. Within 2 weeks of the show both pilots had flown the Harrier and shortly after returned to the US with a very positive report of the aircraft.<ref name="HarrierCaseStudy">Fozard 1978</ref>

Within three months of the report a team of US test pilots were in the UK evaluating the Harrier and within a further five months the US had declared its intention to buy 110 Harriers by the mid 1970s. The US congress originally insisted that the Harriers should be built in the US, leading to HSA signing a 15 year agreement with McDonnell-Douglas, where McDonnell-Douglas would build the aircraft in the US and both parties would share data and designs of any aircraft related to the Harrier.<ref name="HarrierCaseStudy" /> However later, after realizing the cost increase that would come from shifting production to the US, it was instead decided all 110 aircraft would be built by HSA in the UK. The aircraft would be purchased as "off the shelf" products with only limited modifications made from the Harrier GR.1. The US Harriers would have the more powerful Pegasus Mk 103 engine, the ability to carry two Sidewinder missiles, and other minor changes such as US radio equipment.<ref name="HarrierCaseStudy" />

The Harrier entered service with the USMC in 1971, under the designation AV-8A.<ref name="HarrierCaseStudy" />Marine Attack Squadron 513 (VMA-513) was the first squadron to receive its Harriers with VMA-231 and VMA-542 following. Shortly after it entered service the US decided to replace the British Ferranti FE 541 Inertial Navigation and Attack System (INAS) system with an American system known as "baseline". The FE 541 was an advanced system, it was able to use inertial navigation to plot the Harrier's location on a moving map in the cockpit and had various weapons aiming modes to allow for accurate bombing. The US however did not like the FE 541 finding it too complicated and difficult to maintain. In addition the FE 541 required a calibration process to be carried out before use, which could not be completed onboard a ship, severely limiting it's usefulness to the USMC. The baseline system was far simpler than the FE 541 and did not provide navigation functionality; with the removal of the large moving map display the USMC took the opportunity to change the layout of the AV-8A's cockpit making it different to that in British Harriers.<ref name="HarrierCaseStudy" />

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=av_8a Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6918-development-jump-jets-arrive-in-war-thunder-meet-the-harrier-en|[Devblog] Jump Jets arrive in War Thunder: Meet the Harrier]]
* [http://www.alternatewars.com/SAC/AV-8A_Harrier_SAC_-_November_1972.pdf Standard Aircraft Characteristics of the AV-8A]

===References===

;Citations
<references />

;Bibliography

* Fozard, J. (1978). The British Aerospace Harrier Case Study in Aircraft Design. American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics.

{{AirManufacturer Hawker}}
{{USA jet aircraft}}
{{USA premium aircraft}}

User:U153435799

2023-11-09T10:32:17Z

U153435799: Created page with "War thunder player. For ground and Air i mostly play chinese, german and soviet for coastal navy i play US for bluewater i play soviet and british."

War thunder player.
For ground and Air i mostly play chinese, german and soviet
for coastal navy i play US
for bluewater i play soviet and british.

Breda 90/53

2023-11-09T10:24:48Z

U153435799:

{{Specs-Card
|code=it_breda_52_autocannone
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_Breda_90-53.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Sons of Attila"]] as a reward for [[Battle Pass: Season XIII, "Tropical Storm"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.''

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=163|rbMinHp=102}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|90/53 mod.41 (90 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[90/53 mod.41 (90 mm)|90 mm 90/53 mod.41]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 30 || rowspan="2" | -2°/+85° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | - || 9.7 || 13.4 || 16.3 || 18.0 || 19.1 || rowspan="2" | 7.80 || rowspan="2" | 6.90 || rowspan="2" | 6.36 || rowspan="2" | 6.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 6.5 || 7.7 || 9.4 || 10.3 || 11.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:90/53 mod.41 (90 mm)/Ammunition|Granata Perforante da 90, Granata da 90, Granata Esplosiva mod.36R, Granata Perforante mod.43}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''30''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* Strong Armour penetration

*

'''Cons:'''

* Slow turret rotation speed
* Pratically no armour

*

== History ==

=== Devblog History ===
Italian company “Ansaldo de Gênes Sampierdarena” began to develop a self-propelled anti-aircraft gun on a wheeled chassis in 1940, which paved the way to mount a 90 mm gun on a truck, with the arrangement allowing for the cannon to direct fire at enemy ground targets. The Breda 51 Coloniale (6x4) army truck was chosen as the main vehicle of choice, and after modifications were made, the official designation of Breda 52 was given. Production of this new vehicle commenced even before the testing phase had even finished in May 1941. By May 1943 a total of 120 of these vehicles were delivered to the Italian Army. The Breda 52 with the Cannone da 90/53 gun was used in battle in North Africa and also to defend Italy from the Allied invasion.

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8526-development-battle-pass-vehicles-breda-9053-en|[Devblog] Battle pass vehicles: Breda 90/53]]

{{Italy tank destroyers}}
{{Italy premium ground vehicles}}

[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

M2A4

2023-10-19T11:57:13Z

U153435799: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = American light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the premium version
| link = M2A4 (1st Arm.Div.)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=us_m2a4
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''M2A4''' was the fourth variant of the M2 light tank family (formally Light Tank, M2) that served in the U.S. Army during the interwar period. This ultimately led to the development of the [[M3 Stuart (Family)|M3 Stuart family]] of light tanks later in World War II. The U.S. observations of the Spanish Civil War raised concern that their tank fleet, which consisted primarily of machine gun-armed [[M2A2]] light tanks, was inadequate for the type of armoured warfare expected to occur in the future conflict. Initial recommendations included improving the armour thickness of their tanks and also introducing a 37 mm anti-tank gun. The first step towards implementing these modifications came on December 29, 1938, when it was ordered that a production M2A3 be modified into M2A4 light tank specifications for trial. After a series of U.S. Army trials and additional changes, the M2A4 was approved for production in May 1940, which would run until April 1942 with 375 tanks built. The M2A4 was the U.S. military's primary light tank when World War II started and would see service with the U.S. Marines in the Battle for Guadalcanal. The M2A4 would be replaced in production and usage by the M3 Stuart, which would achieve more combat fame in the European Theatre.

Introduced in [[Update 1.45 "Steel Generals"]] alongside the initial American ground tree, the M2A4 is a reserve light tank available for new players. The M2A4 light tank gives a good view into the M3 Stuart family of light tanks available for future research, presenting a fast and nimble vehicle with a respectable 37 mm anti-tank gun, though having subpar protection against close-range shots. While the M2A4 may not exceed in traits when coming up against its peers, these characteristics allow the M2A4 to perform flexibly, whether coming into a direct encounter with an enemy tank or outmanoeuvring the enemy to hit them in their weak spots with the 37 mm gun without being spotted.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 25.4 mm (19°) ''Front plate'' 15.8 mm (69°) ''Front Glacis'' 25.4 mm (20°) ''Lower glacis'' || 25.4 mm || 25.4 mm ''Top'' 25.4 mm (18°) ''Bottom'' || 6.35 mm
|-
| Turret || 25.4 mm (11°) ''Turret front'' 25.4 mm (12-65°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 25.4 mm || 25.4 mm || 6.35 mm
|-
| Cupola || 25.4 mm || 25.4 mm || 25.4 mm || 6.35 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick, tracks are 10 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

The overall mobility is decent. The top speed is great, easily getting to around 50 km/h on solid roads which is faster than most of the reserve tanks like Pz.II, T-26. However, wheeled vehicles like the Sd.Kfz. 140/1 can easily outrun the M2A4 on road. On softer roads like grassland and sand, it remains around 30 km/h which is still quite fast.

The hull traverse brings the overall mobility down quite a bit, since when the tank is still it turns very sluggishly, especially on soft terrain. The hull traverse gets faster when the tank is moving, but in full speed, it starts to snake around like a wheeled vehicle which makes it hard to control. Thus you must get used to this handling.

The reverse speed is only adequate to dodge shots from a distance. Do not expect to quickly reverse back to cover like a Puma.

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=406|rbMinHp=232}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M5 (37 mm)}}

The overall firepower is decent for the reserve battle rating. The main cannon has an adequate penetration of about 60 mm which is more than enough to go through most tanks below 2.0, for example, T-26, Pz.III and Pz.35(t). Although the available ammunition rounds are all solid shells, they still create large amounts of shrapnel when penetrating which is enough to knock out compact tanks like T-26 and Pz.35(t) with a single shot. For larger tanks like the LVT(A), accurate shots aimed at the crew's positions are required, which might be a little hard for new players. The cannon has enough accuracy to precisely target a weak spot on an enemy tank within 500 m. If one shot misses, the reload time of around 3.5 seconds allows for quick follow-up shots.

There is a nice stabiliser for the cannon which is a big advantage when exchanging fire, as it allows you to move out of cover and fire (usually before the enemy) without having to wait for your tank to stop wobbling. The stabiliser should be utilised to maximise your chance of surviving and killing. Note that it only works below 10 km/h, so remember to slow down or it will not stabilise the gun.

Targets like the 15cm sIG 33 B Sfl or M3 GMC can be quite hard to destroy, as their armour is thin enough to create little shrapnel, but are also thick enough to stop MG bullets. Against them, you can only rely on you fire rate, accuracy and of course your knowledge of their crew position to knock out their crew members one by one. Always go for the gunners or drivers first, if you failed then they can always fire back at you and disable you.

The main cannon is effective in close-quarter combat (usually within 200 m) or against weakly armoured targets since the penetration drops drastically as the range increases, plus the small calibre makes the shells easy to ricochet. When encountering fairly well armoured tanks like the M13/40 or H.35, try to break their gun barrels first or detrack them. If they are too far away, pin them on the map and call teammates to help.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M5 (37 mm)|37 mm M5]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 103 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Shoulder|up to 10 km/h}} || 19.5 || 27.0 || 32.8 || 36.3 || 38.6 || rowspan="2" | 3.77 || rowspan="2" | 3.33 || rowspan="2" | 3.07 || rowspan="2" | 2.90
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 12.2 || 14.4 || 17.4 || 19.3 || 20.5
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:M5 (37 mm)/Ammunition|M74 shot, M51B1}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''103''' || 84 ''(+19)'' || 41 ''(+62)'' || 1 ''(+102)'' || No
|-
|}
Note:

* Racks disappear after you've fired all shells in the rack.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}

The machine gun is only powerful enough to destroy poorly protected vehicles such as AS 42, FlakPz I and GAZ-AAA. The penetration of around 10 mm is not enough to go through the frontal armour of those not-so-weakly-armoured tanks like SU-5-1, Panzerjäger 1 or 15cm sIG 33 B Sfl. If you are skilled the two MG can effectively damage low-flying biplanes and help zone out enemy ground attack aircraft.

The fixed machine guns in the hull are of little use most of the times, as it is very hard to point the hull directly at a target with the poor hull traverse of the M2A4.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 5,250 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Pintle || 3,000 (250) || 500 || -10°/+45° || ±90°
|-
| Machine gunner || 5,250 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Hull (left side) || 5,250 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Hull (right side) || 5,250 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

==Usage in battles==

The M2A4 light tank is the reserve tank for the USA. As such, it is very manoeuvrable and fast, being a light tank. However, it has many distinguishing features that make it a forgiving beginners tank.

The M2A4 is most comparable to a cross between a BT-5 and T-26. The M2 has slightly less mobility than the BT-5 while being a larger target and having better armour, like the T-26. The M2A4 also has a fast-firing 37 mm M5 cannon that can fire M74 or M51 shot, as well as the M61 shell.

Its gun has better accuracy than the majority of tanks on its rank, and it's APC ammo retains its penetration at most ranges. This ability to hit rapidly from range and still penetrate in part makes up for the somewhat anaemic damage of the 37 mm gun.

Like all tanks of this rank, it is lightly armoured and can be damaged or knocked out by any other vehicle from anywhere on the map. A useful tactic is to make use of its speed by engaging at range and then relocating when the fire gets too heavy around you.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

Specific enemy vehicles that bear mentioning are firstly any Germans with the [[KwK38 (20 mm)|20 mm KwK/FlaK38]] cannon, this gun might be small but can have up to 48 mm of penetration, which is enough to go through the M2A4 almost anywhere. These guns can also fire 10 rounds at 280 rounds/min before having to reload the clip, meaning that they will very easily take out your crew before you have a chance to respond. To counter, the best chance you have is to angle your frontal armour which can make it difficult for the PzGr 40 rounds to penetrate. The Russian [[T-50]] and [[T-126]] are vehicles you will also see commonly, these have fairly thick and angled frontal armour that will prevent you from easily getting through. These tanks can also carry an APHEBC round that will destroy you in one shot with little difficulty, so to counter you should use your speed to attempt to get a side shot into either the turret or engine. If the T-50 cannot move you can outrun its turret and finish it without much difficulty.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fast and agile
* Acceptable gun
* Fair armour all around
* The high amount of Machine guns allows for flexibility in taking out exposed SPAA and tank destroyers
* Roof-mounted .30 calibre is quite effective at taking out unarmoured aircraft

'''Cons:'''

* Thin armour
* Terrible for hull-down postions due to lack of armour
* Prone to catching fire
* Uneasy handling, prone to slide at high speeds
* Terrible steering, not adequate under 2nd gear
* While fast on flat ground, it has problems with climbing steep hills
* Driving this straight into a wall at a fast speed can result in a crew knock out
* Can struggle to destroy larger vehicles due to lack of explosive filler

== History ==

===Development===
The '''M2 Light Tank''' series was an American pre-World War II design as their answer to a fast, effective tank in a cavalry role.

The idea of light tanks started with the Defense Act of 1920, which defined tanks as an infantry support weapon. However, multiple theorists brought up the idea of a cavalry role for the tanks to which the British were the first to incorporate with the ''cruiser tanks''. Limitation in American development leads to the establishment of light tanks as the ''combat cars''. The development team soon looked at the tank prototypes ''T1 light tank'' and the ''T2 medium tank'' from which they decided to use them as the basis for the light tank design.

Modifications made onto the experimental tanks including installing the new Vertical Volute Spring Suspension (VVSS) which became the main suspension in future American tank development, made the tanks into the '''M2A1 light tank'''. The main version used before the war was designated the [[M2A2|'''M2A2''']] and had two turrets, both with a .50 calibre M2 Browning machine gun as their armament. However, the Spanish Civil War demonstrated that this kind of light tank was insufficient for the ever-evolving tank warfare. Revising the armament of the tank, the two M2 Browning turrets were removed and replaced with a turret outfitted with a 37 mm cannon and improved armour. This became the '''M2A4''' and served as the main light tank variant in US service prior to World War II.

===Combat usage===
Although the M2 light tanks were promising in their introduction, they were soon succeeded by the [[M3 Stuart|M3]] and [[M5A1|M5]] light tanks. While development projects were in the works for bigger and better tanks, the M2 light tanks was a stopgap solution which filled a dire and immediate need for training crews and fielding tanks on the battlefield. By December 1941, the M2 light tanks were being used for training purposes only with the US Army, however, the US Marine Corps (specifically Company A, 1st Marine Tank Battalion) used a small number in combat during the Battle of Guadalcanal in the Pacific due to the lack of M3 light tanks available.

Britain ordered some M2 light tanks in early 1941 in part of the Lend-Lease Act, but only 36 were delivered before switching to the improved M3 light tanks. They were not used in combat.

A common feature on early US tanks was a large number of machine guns. Aside from the coaxial and the bow gunner's ball mounted gun, two machine guns were fixed facing forward on the sides of the hull, fired by the driver. Yet another M1919 Browning machine gun could be mounted on top of the turret in an anti-aircraft capacity.

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
The M2 series traced its family tree back to the experimental T2s, with the M2A4 ending up the largest and most successful modification. Development began in 1939 after running trials for light tanks designed for infantry support as well as the M1 series. The M2 infantry tank was used as the base for construction, a model that was to undergo significant modification. The turret armour as well as the front end were thickened to 25 mm, capable of withstanding hits by light cannons and high-calibre machine guns.

The tank's weaponry was also improved with the installation of an M5 37 mm cannon paired with a 7.62 mm machine gun in the single turret. Another 7.62 mm machine gun was mounted in the front hull plate, with two more on the sides. An antiaircraft machine gun could be mounted on the top of the turret, and additional viewing slits were cut out of the turret and cupola. Most tanks featured the 360 hp Continental W-670-9A engine, which pushed their top speed to 56 km/h. Several tanks in the series were equipped with Guiberson T1020 diesel engines.

Given that September 1939 saw a spike in orders, the Rock Island Arsenal was no longer able to keep up on its own with the demand being placed on it by the US army. A tender for an additional batch was announced and won by American Car & Foundry. In October 1939 a contract for 329 tanks was signed, though it was soon expanded to 365. The last ten were assembled in April 1941 by Baldwin Locomotive Works, meaning that 375 M2A4s were produced in 1940.

The tanks only saw action on Guadalcanal and other Pacific islands. A few others were shipped to the UK via Lend-Lease and used there to train M3 medium tank crews.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=us_m2a4 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|yB4xDRk67hI|'''Survival Guide - The M2A4 - The American Reserve BR Workhorse''' - ''IllusiveThunder''|1yg1DAEbG8A|'''The Stuart Family''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 0:22 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|p9_XD0TgdiA|'''TOP 5 Reserve Tanks''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 3:11 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[M3 Stuart (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/2917/current|[Vehicle Profile] M2A4 Light Tank]]
* [[wikipedia:M2_light_tank|[Wikipedia] M2 light tank]]
* [https://www.tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/US/M2_Light_Tank.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> M2 Light Tank]
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=560 <nowiki>[Military Factory]</nowiki> M2 (Light Tank, M2)]

{{TankManufacturer Rock Island Arsenal}}
{{USA light tanks}}

Tunisia

2023-10-15T13:59:55Z

U153435799: /* External links */

{{DISPLAYTITLE:Tunisia}}

[[File:MapIcon Ground Tunisia.jpg|center|408px]]

{| class="catlist" align="center"
|-
!
!
! Game Modes
!
!
|-
|<div style="width:110px; border-style:double">[[File:Icon GreenCheckmark.png|link=]] '''Battle''' </div>
|<div style="width:110px; border-style:double">[[File:Icon GreenCheckmark.png|link=]] '''Domination''' </div>
|<div style="width:110px; border-style:double">[[File:Icon GreenCheckmark.png|link=]] '''Conquest''' </div>
|<div style="width:110px; border-style:double">[[File:Icon RedXCross.png|link=]] '''Break''' </div>
|<div style="width:110px; border-style:double">[[File:Icon RedXCross.png|link=]] '''Skirmish'''</div>
|}

__TOC__

==Overview==
[[File:MapLayout Ground Tunisia.jpg|x300px|thumbnail|right|The full Tunisia Map]]
'''Tunisia''' is a ground forces map is a ground forces map available in all modes. It was added alongside the British Tanks, and another North African campaign based map [[Second Battle of El Alamein]], in update [[Update 1.55 "Royal Armour"]]. The map has three distinct battle areas (in AB & RB), the large town in the east, the open military camp in the middle, and valley in the west. A river runs through the map, starting in the west and ending at the sea in in the East.

In the east of the map the river running through the map splits, creating an island, on which there is a large town. Access to the town is usually via two main bridges (one in the north and one in the south) which lead straight into the town. There are also a number of points where players can drive through the shallow river and onto the island, to enter the town from different angles, or fight in the area in the west of the island, outside the town walls. The town itself consists of tightly packed buildings (most of which are destructible), with a church and open area in the middle. A road runs round the east of the town, although it can be very useful to flank enemies in the town, or advance towards the enemy spawn, the player can be open to fire from the north and south banks of the river when taking it. There are also positions in the rocks north and south of the town, from which players can shoot down into parts of the town.

The middle of the map consists of an open area with a large military camp in the middle. The river splits before it reaches the camp, making the camp an island, the river is only shallow so can be driven through without issue. There is very little cover in this area, players who advance into the camp (which often acts as a capture area) must rely on a number of reasonably small rock formations to protect them from enemy tanks hiding in the dunes and rocks to the north and south.

The West of the map consists of a shallow valley, which opens up around a bridge crossing. This area offers a mix of short range fighting in the valley, round the base of the bridge; as well as longer ranges engagements from tanks hiding in the sand dunes and rocks to the north and south of the bridge. The bridge has a number of holes in it, covered by temporary bridge sections, these sections can be destroyed to make the bridge impassable, or stop

Further to the west the valley becomes deeper and at the end of the valley, in the far west of the map there is another smaller town. This area is only accessible in the Simulator Battles mode, or in some configurations of the [[Sands of Tunisia]] map.

The full tank battles map is 4km x 4km, the full map is playable in SB, but in AB & RB the battle area is limited to 1.6km x 1.6km (approx. 213m per grid square). The air battle area is 65km x 65km in all modes.

===Game Description===

===Historical Background===
This map is as the name suggests, set in the North-African country of Tunisia. The air battles map shows the ground forces location to be about 26km (16 miles) northwest of the city of Gabes (at approximately 34°06'54.8"N 10°00'15.6"E). The layout of the ground forces map is largely fictional, there is a river which follows the rough path of the one in the map, however the island town in the east of the map does not exist in real life, and the valley in the middle / west of the map also appears to be fictional. The land scape is clearly inspired by the real life location, and the air battles map is largely accurate.

The location is set at the site of the Battle of Wadi Akarit. The Battle of Wadi Akarit (known by the allies as Operation Scipio) was an Allied offensive operation during the Tunisian Campaign. Allied forces captured the city of Gabes on the 29th of March 1943, and in doing so forced the axis forces to fall back to the Wadi Akarit. The Wadi Akarit formed a line from the Mediterranean Sea in the east, inland to the west. The axis defensive line stretched from the coast and followed the Wadi Akarit inland until the terrain turned to impassable marsh. The marshes to the west and the sea to the east meant the allied forces would have to carry out an assault head-on to the axis defences, with no opportunity to carry out a flanking attack.

The Allies carried out scouting operations for a few days before launching their assault on the Axis lines. Late on the 5th April 1943 troops from the 4th Indian Division infiltrated into the Axis lines in the hills to the west, and by midnight were engaged in fighting with the Axis defenders. At 04:00 on the 6th of April the main assault began with heavy artillery bombardment, followed up by allied troops. By mid-day they were able to capture the Djebel Roumana (a hill 8km inland) and had cleared a path through the axis minefields and anti-tank defences in the area. The axis forces launched a number of unsuccessful counter attacks, throughout the afternoon, which although failing to retake the hill gave the defending troops enough time to set up 88mm anti-tank gun positions to the north. Due to the guns the Allies decided to postpone the next phase of the attack until the morning of the 7th April, when heavy artillery would be available to support an attack.

By 17:00 on the 6th of April it was decided the line could not be held in the face of another Allied attack and at 20:00 the order to retreat was given. The Allies commenced their pursuit on the 7th of April and were able to take around 7,000 prisoners of war. The assault cost the Allies 1,289 men and 32 tanks.

===Notable Landmarks===

==Map configuration==
'''Domination''' 
There are three Capture Points. (For AB and RB) Point A is in the town in the east, B is in the camp in the middle, and C is under the bridge in the west.
[[File:MapLayout Domination Tunisia.jpg|x300px|thumbnail|none|The Domination configuration in AB & RB.]]

'''Conquest''' 
There are three configurations of the conquest mode, each with one capture point. The capture point will be in the position of one of the domination capture points.
[[File:MapLayout Conquest1 Tunisia.jpg|x300px|thumbnail|none|The Conquest #1 configuration in AB & RB.]]
[[File:MapLayout Conquest2 Tunisia.jpg|x300px|thumbnail|none|The Conquest #2 configuration in AB & RB.]]
[[File:MapLayout Conquest3 Tunisia.jpg|x300px|thumbnail|none|The Conquest #3 configuration in AB & RB.]]

'''Battle''' 
There are two capture points, each owned by one of the teams. (For AB and RB) One point is in the camp in the cenre north of the map, and the other is in the small town in the centre south of the map.
[[File:MapLayout Battle Tunisia.jpg|x300px|thumbnail|none|The Battle configuration in AB & RB.]]

==Strategy==
''Describe what focus a team should have when spawning into the map''

== Media ==


;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|V2grV9sYBfE|'''The Shooting Range #7''' - ''Map Guide'' section at 03:38 discusses the map Tunisia.|hzPM1gdJoFc|'''Map Analysis: Tunisia''' - ''TheEuropeanCanadian''}}

== See also ==


* [[Sands of Tunisia]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/devblog/current/859|[Devblog] Location "Tunisia"]]
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Wadi_Akarit

[[Category:Maps_and_missions]]
[[Category:Ground forces maps]]

Battle Pass: Season XII, "Armour Breaking Ambusher"

2023-10-08T12:53:19Z

U153435799:

{{Notice
|This article is about the twelfth [[Battle Pass]] season.

Season is available from July 26th.
}}

== Awards ==
<gallery>
File:BP XII spz 12 3.png|[[SPz 12-3 LGS]]
File:BP XII b7a2.png|[[B7A2 (Homare 23)]]
File:BP XII mc 485.png|[[MC 485]]
</gallery>

<gallery>
File:BP_XII_cardicon_bundeswehr_infantryman.png|Profile icon "Bundeswehr infantryman"
File:BP_XII_decor_bagpack.png|Tank decoration "Raid backpack"
File:BP_XII_QJY-88.png|Tank decoration "Easel machine gun (China)"
File:BP_XII_decor_themis_drone.png|Ship decoration "Crawler-type drone"
</gallery>

<gallery>
File:BP_XII_mechanised_infantry_regiment_of_the_indain_army.png|Decal "Mechanised Infantry Regiment insignia"
File:BP_XII_112th_mechanized_infantry_division_pla.png|Decal "Emblem of the 112th Mechanised Infantry Division"
File:BP_XII_5th_infantry_regiment_of_the_us_army.png|Decal "Emblem of the 5th Infantry Regiment"
File:BP_XII_royal_22nd_regiment_of_the_canadian_army.png|Decal "Emblem of the Royal 22nd Regiment"
</gallery>

Legend:

* Level - a cell with a prize. Opens for 10 progress points.
* Free - the award doesn't require Battle Pass to be received.

{| class="wikitable zebra" width="100%"
|-
! width="50px" | Level
! Prize
! width="50px" | Availability
|-
| 1 || 400 {{wb}} Warbond shop level I || Free
|-
| 2 || {{rp}} Booster ||
|-
| 3 || Decal "Mechanised Infantry Regiment insignia" || Free
|-
| 4 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} ||
|-
| 5 || Order || Free
|-
| 6 || {{Sl}} Booster ||
|-
| 7 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} || Free
|-
| 8 || Universal back-ups ||
|-
| 9 || B7A2 (Homare 23) test-drive || Free
|-
| 10 || {{rp}} Booster pack ||
|-
| 11 || 500 {{wb}} Warbond shop level II || Free
|-
| 12 || Order ||
|-
| 13 || {{rp}} Booster || Free
|-
| 14 || Premium account (10 days) ||
|-
| 15 || Universal back-ups || Free
|-
| 16 || {{sl}} Booster pack ||
|-
| 17 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} || Free
|-
| 18 || Wager ||
|-
| 19 || {{Sl}} Booster || Free
|-
| 20 || Universal back-ups ||
|-
| 21 || Access to the first season challenge || Free
|-
| 22 || Decal "Emblem of the 112th Mechanised Infantry Division" ||
|-
| 23 || 850 {{wb}} Warbond shop level III || Free
|-
| 24 || {{rp}} Booster pack ||
|-
| 25 || Order || Free
|-
| 26 || {{Sl}} Booster pack ||
|-
| 27 || Wager ||
|-
| 28 || Decal "Emblem of the 5th Infantry Regiment" || Free
|-
| 29 || {{rp}} Booster ||
|-
| 30 || Battle Pass bonus pack ({{rp}} Boosters, Back-ups, Silver Lions {{Sl}}) ||
|-
| 31 || Universal back-ups || Free
|-
| 32 || Battle Pass bonus pack ({{Sl}} Boosters, Back-ups, Silver Lions {{Sl}}) ||
|-
| 33 || Tank decoration "Raid backpack" ||
|-
| 34 || {{Sl}} Booster || Free
|-
| 35 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} ||
|-
| 36 || {{rp}} Booster ||
|-
| 37 || 850 {{wb}} Warbond shop level IV || Free
|-
| 38 || Vehicle activated on the account (MC 485) ||
|-
| 39 || {{Sl}} Booster ||
|-
| 40 || Access to the second season challenge || Free
|-
| 41 || Camouflage activated on the account (MC 485: "Deforming camouflage") ||
|-
| 42 || Back-ups (Coastal fleet, Italy) ||
|-
| 43 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} || Free
|-
| 44 || Battle Pass bonus pack ({{rp}} Boosters, Back-ups, Silver Lions {{Sl}}) ||
|-
| 45 || Decal "Emblem of the Royal 22nd Regiment" ||
|-
| 46 || Wager || Free
|-
| 47 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} ||
|-
| 48 || 200 {{wb}} || Free
|-
| 49 || Battle Pass bonus pack ({{Sl}} Boosters, Back-ups, Silver Lions {{Sl}}) ||
|-
| 50 || Order ||
|-
| 51 || Vehicle coupon, non-tradable (B7A2 (Homare 23)) || Free
|-
| 52 || {{rp}} Booster ||
|-
| 53 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} ||
|-
| 54 || Camouflage activated on the account (B7A2 (Homare 23): "Unpainted camouflage") || Free
|-
| 55 || {{Sl}} Booster ||
|-
| 56 || Back-ups (Aircraft, Japan) ||
|-
| 57 || 850 {{wb}} Warbond shop level V || Free
|-
| 58 || Tank decoration "Easel machine gun (China)" ||
|-
| 59 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} ||
|-
| 60 || Access to the third season challenge || Free
|-
| 61 || {{rp}} Booster ||
|-
| 62 || Battle Pass bonus pack ({{rp}} Boosters, Back-ups, Silver Lions {{Sl}}) ||
|-
| 63 || {{Sl}} Booster ||
|-
| 64 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} || Free
|-
| 65 || Profile icon "Bundeswehr infantryman" ||
|-
| 66 || Battle Pass bonus pack ({{Sl}} Boosters, Back-ups, Silver Lions {{Sl}}) ||
|-
| 67 || Order ||
|-
| 68 || 200 {{wb}} || Free
|-
| 69 || Universal back-ups ||
|-
| 70 || {{rp}} Booster ||
|-
| 71 || Silver Lions {{Sl}} ||
|-
| 72 || Ship decoration "Crawler-type drone" || Free
|-
| 73 || {{Sl}} Booster ||
|-
| 74 || Universal back-ups ||
|-
| 75 || Coupon for vehicle, non-tradable (SPz 12-3) ||
|-
| 76-78 || 80 {{wb}} || 76 Free
|-
| 79 || Camouflage (SPz 12-3 LGS: "Flecktarn") ||
|-
| 80 || 850 {{wb}} Warbond shop level VI || Free
|-
| 81-99 || 80 {{wb}} || 85, 90, 95 Free
|-
| 100 || Loading screen "SPz 12-3" || Free
|-
| 101-104 || 100 {{wb}} ||
|-
| 105 || B7A2 (Homare 23) coupon upgrade (can be used to convert a B7A2 (Homare 23) coupon to a tradable one; a set of two upgrade can be used to purchase the next season’s Battle Pass) ||
|-
| 106-124 || 100 {{wb}} || 110, 120 Free
|-
| 125 || SPz 12-3 LGS coupon upgrade (can be used to convert a SPz 12-3 LGS to a tradable one; a set of two upgrade can be used to purchase the next season’s Battle Pass) ||
|-
| 126-149 || 100 {{wb}} || 130, 140 Free
|-
| 150 || Title "Ambush Master" || Free
|-
| 151 upwards || 80 {{wb}} || Free
|}

== Season challenges ==
{| class="wikitable zebra" width="100%"
!Name
!Description
!Requirements
!Time to complete (DD.MM)
|-
|Reconnaissance by Fire
|Destroy the specified number of player vehicles
|150 vehicles
|26.07 — 16.08
|-
|Deliberate Assault
|Play a specified number of battles while destroying at least one other player's vehicle
|75 missions
|02.08 - 23.08
|-
|Steel Avalanche
|Destroy the specified number of player vehicles using each type of ground vehicle: Tank, Tank Destroyer, SPAA
|7 vehicles each
|09.08 - 30.08
|-
|Air Support
|Destroy a specified number of ground or surface vehicles in air battles
|100 vehicles
|16.08 - 06.09
|-
|Repair Team
|Receive a specified number of streaks
|20 awards “Help with Repairing” or “Firefighter”
|23.08 - 13.09
|-
|Combined Arms Exercises
|Destroy the specified number of player vehicles using each type of vehicle: Torpedo Boat, Light Tank, Bomber
|5 vehicles each
|30.08 - 20.09
|-
|Coastal Terror
|Deal the specified amount of damage each using coastal fleet main weapons of various calibres: less than 21 mm, from 21 mm to 50 mm, greater than 51 mm
|10,000 damage each
|06.09 - 27.09
|-
|Combat Coordination
|Receive a specified number of mission points where vehicles of the current season of the Battle Pass were used
|20,000 Mission Points
|13.09 - 04.10
|-
|Masterful Ambush
|Destroy 3 player vehicles without losing your own while driving a light tank a specified number of times
|15 times
|20.09 - 11.10
|-
|Between Heaven and Earth
|Destroy a specified number of player vehicles of another type of military branches
|15 vehicles "Aircraft" and "Tank/Ship"
|27.09 - 18.10
|-
|Point Bombing
|Destroy a specified number of player vehicles using an aerial bomb with a weight less than 120 kg
|5 vehicles
|04.10 - 25.10
|-
|Unstoppable Offensive
|Win a specified number of battles while being in the Top-3 of your team
|30 missions
|From the moment of receipt to the end of the season
|-
|Blitzkrieg
|Destroy a specified number of player vehicles while driving a tank at a speed of at least 30 km/h
|30 vehicles
|From the moment of receipt to the end of the season
|-
|Military Parade
|Destroy a specified number of player vehicles while driving vehicles from ranks 1 to 7
|10 vehicles each
|From the moment of receipt to the end of the season
|-
|Bundeswehr Cross of Honour
|Complete all the Season's Challenges
|14 challenges
|
|}

[[Category:Battle Pass seasons]]

L6/40

2023-09-27T09:48:25Z

U153435799: /* Usage in battles */

{{About
|about= Italian light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage = the premium version
|link = L6/40 (31 Rgt.)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=it_l6
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_L6_40.jpg|ArtImage_L6-40.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The L6/40 is a tracked light tank made by Ansaldo for the Royal Italian army during the 1940s. The L6/40 was based on a heavily modified L3 chassis, keeping the two-person crew, but with an increase in firepower, protection, and mobility. It was heavily used during the occupation of the Balkans where it proved its worth. It was armed with the [[Breda Mod.35 (20 mm)|20 mm Breda Mod.35]] autocannon, able to fire a multitude of munitions including the Perforante mod.35 and the German PzGr 40.

Introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]], the L6/40's armament is more than sufficient for its battle rating as the majority of the enemies it will face do not have a lot of armour. It also has great turret rotation which is something which will be useful when flanking or when being flanked. Its mobility is also adequate; however, what it lacks in is survivability. The crew placement means that a well placed shot will instantly destroy your vehicle and, due to the lacklustre armour, you will more often than not be taken out even by low calibre guns. It's best if you stick with your more armoured allies if you wish to stay in the fight longer.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, turret, gun mantlet)
* Cast homogeneous armour (hull rear: centre housing)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 30 mm (11°) ''Upper plate'' 15-20 mm (75°) ''Upper glacis'' 30 mm (6°) ''Lower plate'' 15 mm (70°) ''Lower glacis'' || 15 mm || 15 mm || 15-20 mm (15°) ''Upper glacis'' 10 mm ''Centre section'' 10 mm (20°) ''Rear section''
|-
| Turret || 25 mm (cylindrical) ''Turret front'' 30 mm ''Gun mantlet'' 40 mm (12°) ''Turret frame'' || 15 mm (20°) || 25 mm (16°) ''Hatch'' 15 mm (16°) || 10 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 15 mm thick while bogies are 10 mm thick.
* Mudguards are 5 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=105|rbMinHp=60}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Breda Mod.35 (20 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Breda Mod.35 (20 mm)|20 mm Breda Mod.35]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 280 (8) || rowspan="2" | 240 || rowspan="2" | -12°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 22.8 || 31.6 || 38.4 || 42.5 || 45.2 || rowspan="2" | 7.80 || rowspan="2" | 6.90 || rowspan="2" | 6.36 || rowspan="2" | 6.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.3 || 16.8 || 20.4 || 22.6 || 24.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}} - This belt can be used for both roles: anti-aircraft and against lightly armoured vehicles to the detriment of a reduced rate of fire. Half the belt is composed of high-explosive fragmentation incendiary shells that will do negligible damage against armoured targets but will prove deadly against aircraft and vehicles with exposed crew
* '''Perforante mod.35:''' {{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}} - Intermediate belt to be used against light tanks and other vehicles from the rear. Adequate until the better PzGr 40 can be used.
* '''PzGr 40:''' {{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}} - Highest penetrating belt, designed to deal with armoured targets . However, the penetration is very poor beyond 500 m. In close combat, aiming for modules and crew member is advised as the post-penetration damage is limited. Its effect against angled armour is limited due to the nature of the HVAP shells, but the penetration power compensates such drawback.

{{:Breda Mod.35 (20 mm)/Ammunition|HEFI-T*, API-T, HVAP-T}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_L6-40.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''35''' || 29 ''(+6)'' || 24 ''(+11)'' || 23 ''(+12)'' || 22 ''(+13)'' || 13 ''(+22)'' || 8 ''(+27)'' || 1 ''(+34)''|| No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Ammunition is modeled as clips of 8 rounds.
* Clips disappear after having been shot/loaded.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|Breda Mod. 38 (8 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Breda Mod. 38 (8 mm)|8 mm Breda Mod. 38]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,536 (24) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}
The small calibre of the Breda Mod. 38 machine gun makes it largely ineffective against all armoured vehicles but the ones with an open compartment. It still can be used to ping targets as a rangefinding help or to mow down minor obstacles blocking the cannon's line of sight.

== Usage in battles ==


;Combat tactics

The L6/40 possesses a level of versatility which allows it to play in a variety of roles with varying efficiency. As a frontline tank, one must maintain a short engagement distance (up to 200 m if possible) and exploit its small size to hide in almost all types of cover. The autocannon's efficiency will allow the player to dispatch of most enemies even frontally, and can knock out cannon barrels and tracks if it is unable to.

Flanking is another way to best use the tank's advantages. It is relatively mobile and the autocannon will be more reliable against the side armour of the enemy vehicles. Additionally, by flanking, one will artificially increase the L6/40's survivability, as it is not going to be the main target of fire in the initial stages of the player's ambush. This removes the reliance on the protection which, as previously mentioned, is not an aspect that will consistently save it.

Playing at range and sniping is almost pointless as the armament quickly loses penetration over range and struggles to penetrate even lightly armoured opponents.

Whichever playstyle one chooses, it is important to always play to the strengths of the vehicle, mainly the automatic armament and reactive turret traverse. Another possible tatic is to shoot at enemy tracks/tires to disable them.

;Notable enemies

* Heavily armoured tanks that can negate the 20 mm rounds such as the [[FCM.36]], [[S.35]], and [[Valentine Mk I]].
* Tanks with sloped armour that can ricochet the rounds such as the [[H.39]], [[T-60]], [[T-70]], or [[T-80]].

;How to defeat a L6/40

Stay at a distance of at least 500 m to negate its firepower. If the {{PAGENAME}}'s armour profile is unangled, fire at the front plate underneath the turret to guarantee the incapacitation of the crew. If the tank is heavily angled, a shot into the very thin side armour will likely penetrate. Finally, if the {{PAGENAME}} is adequately angled and neither the front nor side can be penetrated, the player's best shot is to fire at the corner plate between the front and side, which normalizes upon angling. This is one's only chance to fire at a flat plate in this situation.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Potent armament with good penetration and damage output
* Great turret rotation
* Good acceleration
* Adequate mobility

'''Cons:'''

* Poor suspension damping, it takes about 2 seconds to settle after stopping the vehicle
* Limited crew of 2
* Low rate of fire
* Limited magazines of 8 rounds
* Hull side can be penetrated by 0.50 cal machine guns

== History ==

[[File:Fiat-Ansaldo L6 40.jpg|x200px|left|thumb|none|A Fiat-Ansaldo L6/40.]]
The story of the L6/40 began during the late 1930s, Ansaldo assisted by FIAT were creating a multitude of prototypes in the hopes that it would take over many of the roles of the L3 Tankette. Ansaldo would mainly take on the idea and the doctrine of mountain combat when designing new vehicles; due to the Italian involvement in WW1, they thought that allowing a vehicle to be easily transported to the tops of high mountains would ultimately give them the upper hand if in the future there was a chance for another world war to take place.

This is exactly what they did with the L6/40: they kept the vehicle as light as possible. It would be based on a heavily modified L3 chassis, keeping the two-person crew, but with increased firepower, protection, and mobility. The L6/40 as previously stated, would be designed with mountain-worthy combat specifications in mind. The vehicle had a width of 1.8 metres, this allowed it to travel on all the mountain roads and mule trails that other vehicles of the era would have a much harder time passing through. Its weight would overall be 6.84 tonnes, its name stood for L for Light, 6 for its weight, and 40 for its year of adoption in the Royal Italian Army.

By the time it was accepted for service in early 1940, it was adequate as a reconnaissance tank and as a general support vehicle to supplement infantry and other armoured columns when travelling. However, when it entered general service in 1942 it was hopelessly obsolete, mainly due to the fact that the Italian industry was not able to compete with other nations like the USSR and the USA. Italy created many designs for armoured vehicle during the era too, so it wasn't really a priority for them to try and rectify the vehicle by improving on it without wasting precious resources into the project. In fact, after 283 units had been built, it was cancelled in favour of the [[47/32 L40|Semovente 47/32]].

The main characteristic that made the L6/40 stand-out whilst it was being designed was its mobility, it used a FIAT SPA Tipo 18vt liquid-cooled engine which allowed the vehicle to reach speeds of up to 42 km/h. The L6/40's range was 200 km. In terms of armament, the L6/40 used the 20 mm Breda 35, it was installed on a multitude of vehicles at the time. The cannon was able to fire rounds such as the Italian Perforante mod.35 and the German PzGr.40.
[[File:German Beutepanzer L6-40 tank (Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-203-1680-14A).jpg|right|thumb|none|x200px|An L6/40 in German service.]]

In terms of service, the L6/40 was used in the Raggruppamento Esplorante Corazzato (RECo), the divisional-level armoured reconnaissance task forces found in the order of battle of armoured and motorized divisions, and in several independent reconnaissance units deployed in 4-car platoons. In total, 72 were sent to North Africa, and 55 went to Russia on March 1942, where they equipped the 67th Battaglione Motocorazzato Bersaglieri (lightly armoured battalion) in the 3rd Celere (Cavalry) Division. They were the heaviest Italian tanks used on that front. The battalion was destroyed in December 1942 during fighting on the Don River. L6/40 was also employed in Yugoslavia, by the San Guisto light armoured squadron-group of the 1st Celere Division. The L6/40 would proceed to be used all the way to the end of the war, but also would be extensively used post-war by the Celere police force. Some may have survived and remained in service in subsequent years. Some L6/40's have also survived to this day, one can be found in Legnano in Italy, one is in the inventory of the Kubinka Tank Museum in Russia, and another is preserved in the Arms Museum in the castle of Gjirokastër in Albania.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=it_l6 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|RCBsuLiXWvI|'''Carro Armato {{PAGENAME}}, Italian, Tier-1, Light Tank''' - ''Angry Nerd Gaming''|msikCMa1KMo|'''{{PAGENAME}} Review: Bad stock grind, Great HVAP!''' - ''Joseph 2000''}}

== See also ==


;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[Panzer II]]
* [[Sd.Kfz. 140/1]]
* [[T-60]]
* [[M2A2]]
* [[Pvlvv fm/42]]

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:L6/40_tank|[Wikipedia] L6/40 tank]]
* [https://www.tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/italy/Carro_Armato_L6_40.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> FIAT-Ansaldo L6/40]
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=558 <nowiki>[Military Factory]</nowiki> Carro Armato L6/40]

{{TankManufacturer FIAT-Ansaldo}}
{{Italy light tanks}}

Csaba

2023-09-21T10:26:33Z

U153435799:

{{Specs-Card
|code=it_39m_csaba
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Sons of Attila"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.''

{{tankMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Solothurn QF.36M (20 mm)}}

''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Solothurn QF.36M (20 mm)|20 mm Solothurn QF.36M]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 200 (5) || rowspan="2" | 60 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+25° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | - || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__
|-
! ''Realistic''
| __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Solothurn QF.36M (20 mm)/Ammunition|20 mm 36M pancelgranat}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''40''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|34/40M (8 mm)}}

''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[34/40M (8 mm)|8 mm 34/40M]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| || ___ (___) || ___ || __° || __°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/39M_Csaba

{{Italy light tanks}}
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

WMA301

2023-09-20T12:32:58Z

U153435799: /* External links */

{{Specs-Card
|code=cn_wma_301
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is an export product by NORINCO Factory 256 at Chongqing as the alternative to the domestic PTL02 assault gun. The design of this assault gun might likely from the previous prototypes in late-1980s when PLAGF has yet to develop a low-recoil 105 mm gun for assault gun platforms; based on the same WZ551 chassis, as the ZSL92 APC and the [[PTL02]] assault gun. The most noticeable differences from the PTL02 are the newly-designed welded turret that somewhat resembles the [[ZTZ96A]] in terms of the arrowhead shape, and the replacement of the original 100 mm smoothbore gun with a standard 105 mm rifled gun. This assault gun saw service in different African countries with large area of plains and in Myanmar, serving as a quick-response assault gun for the buyers and a fast-moving addition to their inventory.

Introduced in [[Update "Red Skies"]] as the new addition to the premium vehicles line-up, anyone familiar with the PTL02 can adjust to the WMA301 easily. It is a very similar vehicle for the most part, the main difference lying in its armament. The 105 mm rifled gun has a similar ammunition selection to the [[T-69 II G]] with a new addition being the GP105 gun-launched ATGM. The WMA301's APFSDS is less potent that the PTL02's top round, but it has access to a proximity fused HE round for fending off helicopters and a powerful tandem-warhead ATGM for defeating heavy targets, making it a very versatile vehicle. With good positioning and situational awareness, the WMA301 can contribute in almost any situation.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


Both the WMA301 and its cousin the PTL02 share the very same WZ551 chassis, the WMA301 only having very slight modifications to the fighting compartment. So the WMA301 shares the same flaw of having a very lightly-armoured hull: its hull is armoured by only 6-10 mm of RHA all-round and is not well angled, which makes it very ill-protected. Even rifle-calibre machine guns (e.g. 7.62 mm) can penetrate its hull side when close enough, let alone cannon rounds, missiles, shrapnels, etc. The turret armour is better protected against machine guns, but machine guns only. The sloped 30 mm frontal turret can resist .50 cal bullets at point blank range, however the turret sides and rear are still weak. As a result, any proper anti-armour weaponry will be able to penetrate the WMA301 at any range with ease. Avoid anything with a HMG or any autocannon vehicles (including aircraft) at all costs, because it is very likely you will not have a second chance to return fire and knock the enemy out. On close inspection, it can be seen that WMA301's hull armour uses high-hardness armour in some areas instead of standard RHA, but considering that the plates are still identically thin to the PTL02's, the improvement in protection is negligible.

Also, its overall height is still high, so it will easily be spotted by enemies albeit with the combination of thin armour and large, empty volume will occasionally frustrate enemies firing subcalibre rounds. Penetration is essentially guaranteed, but minimal spalling is created and a hastily aimed shot may not catch many crew members or important modules in the line of fire. On the other hand, HE shells with a high explosive mass will often transmit shockwaves into the vehicle's interior and knock out the crew with overpressure damage. Other chemical rounds like HEAT and HESH might inflict overpressure damage but with a much lower probability. Bombs, rockets, and artillery shells are similarly dangerous.

The WMA301's turret is slightly more resilient than the PTL02's from the front. The turret face is made of high-hardness RHA and the arrowhead shape leads to greater sloping. This does not make a significant difference in practice; at best, it might shrug off some light autocannon fire at a distance.

The post-penetration survivability is also poor, largely depending on the point of penetration. Penetrating shots on the frontal part of the hull may get absorbed by the engine, fuel tank, wheels, or empty space, dealing minimal further damage. The engine placement (overall middle of vehicle) means that it will very likely catch the shots, immobilising the WMA301. Penetrating shells on the back part of the hull are very likely to cause ammo detonations since there are shells placed vertically below the turret, increasing their profile and making them more prone to getting hit. Penetrations through the turret might only result in the gun breech/turret ring getting damaged with 1-2 crew members lost, but in the worst case scenario it can detonate the ammo at the back of the turret.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* High-hardness rolled armour
* Cast homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 10 mm (33°) ''Driver viewport glacis'' 10 mm (78°) ''Upper Glacis'' 10 mm (40°) ''Lower Glacis'' || 8 mm (25°) ''Top'' 10 mm (6°) ''Bottom'' 8 mm (27°) ''Wheel wells'' || 6 mm (4°) ''Upper plate'' 6 mm (48°) ''Lower glacis'' || 10 mm (12°) ''Front glacis'' 6 mm ''Driver hatch'' 6 mm'' Centre''
|-
| Turret || 30 mm (54°) ''Upper turret front'' 30 mm (30°) ''Lower turret front'' 30 mm (0°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 20 mm (21°) ''Frontal'' 20 mm (4°) ''Rear'' || 15 mm (5°) || 10 mm (12°) 10 mm (13°) ''Centre''
|-
| Cupola || colspan="3" | 10 mm (cylindrical) || 10 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* 5 mm structural steel storage boxes covering the turret rear
* Lower hull sides, driver viewport glacis, lower glacis, driver's compartment cupolas, rear turret side armour, rear hull armour, and turret front consist of high-hardness RHA
* Gun mantlet consists of cast homogeneous armour
* Wheels are 10 mm thick

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=496|rbMinHp=283}}

The WMA301's mobility is overall satisfactory. Since the WMA301 is essentially a PTL02 with a different turret, the whole power train and the suspension system are totally the same as the latter, powered by the same Deutz DBF8L413F and ZF 5S-111GPA transmission, so they share the same top speed at 85 km/h. Surprisingly, it has the same weight as the PTL02 despite the new features.

The acceleration is adequate. Like other wheeled vehicles, it is able to reach an average top speed of ~65 km/h on paved roads or other hard surfaces like dry grassland, which is quite fast compared to tracked vehicles. However this speed is very average when comparing with wheeled counterparts like the [[Rooikat (Family)|Rooikat]] and [[R3 T106 FA|R3 T106]]. The turn radius is quite small, allowing it to steer agilely in confined areas such as in a city, increasing its flexibility.

Like its domestic cousin, to make the most out of the good top speed, it will need to navigate on hard terrain (roads, urban surfaces) for best results. If players must be used on hilly and soft terrain maps, try your best not to get stuck since the lack of mobility will absolutely be the death sentence of this vehicle.

Its first and most noticeable disadvantage is the extremely awful reverse speed. Capped at -7 km/h, the WMA301 will not be able to quickly reverse into cover which is usually fatal for a light tank player. This is very much unlike other wheeled counterparts, significantly limiting the WMA301's overall mobility. This also forces the player to turn the entire vehicle around to comfortably manoeuvre/position, wasting time. The power-to-weight ratio is also average: weighing 19 tons and powered by a 320 hp (RB) engine, 16.84 hp/ton is just a bit lacklustre when travelling over uneven or loose terrains, making the WMA301 very sluggish at doing so. The suspension is soft and bouncy, resulting in the hull wobbling a lot after breaking. This does not affect the cannon as it is stabilised, however the binoculars will shake with the hull, which may throw off the crosshair. This is most impactful when the player is trying to scout with binoculars as an unstable view can cause a failed scout, and you will have to wait for its long cool-down.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|WMA301 (105 mm)}}

Since the WMA301 is an export vehicle and the compatibility to mainstream ammunition is essential, it chose a 105 mm gun as its main armament; based on the ZPL94 gun found on T-69 II G but with lower recoil. It can fires both NATO and NORINCO's 105 mm ammunition ranging from HEATFS to APFSDS, as well as HE-VT rounds.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[WMA301 (105 mm)|105 mm WMA301]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 30 || rowspan="2" | -4°/+18° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 24.8 || 34.3 || 41.6 || 46.0 || 48.9 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 15.5 || 18.2 || 22.1 || 24.4 || 26.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:WMA301 (105 mm)/Ammunition|Type-83 HEAT, DTB-1, Type-83 HESH, GP105, Type-83 APDS}}

* The Type 83 APFSDS round is the same as found on the [[ZTZ59D1]] and shares all traits of it, which is still sufficient for its BR but it might struggle when it faces Soviet MBTs with higher protection at longer ranges. For example, a spaded [[T-72A]] with the add-on armour can be difficult to penetrate outside of the standard Soviet weak spots of the driver's port and lower glacis, whereas the PTL02's DYW PT86-100 round can penetrate the T-72's hull quite easily. The APFSDS is still the best all-purpose round since it has a high muzzle velocity and is a kinetic projectile that will not be disrupted by bushes and fences.

* During the late 1990s, Mainland China has acquired 100 mm gun-launched ATGM technologies from Russia, so the WMA301 also comes with a powerful GP105 tandem ATGM which owners of [[BMP-3]] may find familiar. The statistics are very similar to the 9M117M1 Bastion: good flight speed, high TNT equivalent mass, and a tandem warhead for bypassing ERA which makes it a very deadly threat to tanks with early ERA like [[AMX-30B2 BRENUS]]. However heavy ERA like Kontakt-5 can still detonate the entire missile, though they are usually found on higher BR MBTs. When the APFSDS starts to lose effectiveness at long range, this missile is a strong backup choice. Thankfully, the WMA301 does not suffer from the BMP-3's massive reload penalty for ATGMs. The GP105's whopping 750 mm of penetration can take down practically anything it will ever meet at its BR. Even high-tier Soviet behemoths like the [[T-64B]] or [[T-72B]], featuring ERA and strong composite armour, can be defeated by the GP105. As a beam-riding missile, the GP105 is immune to IRCM and can be guided on the move if necessary at the cost of some accuracy, increasing the WMA301's survivability compared to other missile carriers.

* The Type 83 HEATFS round is nothing special, only having very slight improvements over the Type 1973 HEATFS used by the PTL02. Against most targets it is simply less useful than the APFSDS. HESH rounds have low penetration and poor ballistics, successful impacts creating wide but shallow sprays of spalling. The HEATFS and HESH rounds are generally obsolete, as their only advantages over the APFSDS are their ability to cause overpressure damage through their explosive content, but the aforementioned GP105 can perform the same role as well; in fact, GP105 has a higher TNT equivalent than both the HEATFS and HESH. Using HESH rounds as an last-ditch option to knock out hull down vehicles by splashing turret roofs might occasionally be viable.

* Last but not least is the DTB-1 HE-VT round, seen previously on the T-69 II G. Although it is useful to deal with helicopters or low-flying aircraft in very shallow dives, this should be done with caution since anything that flies is the last thing the WMA301 wants to face. For anti-helicopter duties, locate the target using the WMA301's thermal sights, lase them with the laser rangefinder, and fire the round with enough lead to catch them comfortably within the proximity fuse radius. It is recommended to measure the range for every shot. Keep in mind that DTB-1 has a rather low muzzle velocity and it is difficult to hit helicopters that are moving unpredictably and/or staying at long range. Actual aircraft are difficult to hit since the WMA301 doesn't have as much gun elevation as a proper SPAA. Serious anti-air duties are best left to the [[WZ305]] or [[PGZ09]].

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x350px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''30''' || 22 ''(+8)'' || 13 ''(+17)'' || 1 ''(+29)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|QJC88A (12.7 mm)|Type 86 (7.62 mm)}}

The turret-mounted 12.7 mm QJC88A HMG has already become the standardized HMG for most PLAGF vehicles after the 1990s and this exported assault gun was no exception. The main usage of the HMG is to deal with lightly protected vehicles and low-flying aircraft including helicopters. It can also effectively damage gun barrels, tracks, optics, MG, and ERA to assist teammates in destroying enemies, though this may require a lot of fire. Players who dealt with the paltry 50-round belt capacity of the 12.7 mm DShK machine guns of previous PLA vehicles will be happy to know that the QJC88A has a much more generous 150-round belt capacity.

The 7.62 mm MG, on the other hand, is only useful in clearing obstacles such as fences, marking out enemy positions on the minimap, or knocking out exposed crew on certain vehicles (e.g. M113 TOW). It lacks the penetration to pierce through even lightly armoured vehicles.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[QJC88A (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm QJC88A]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 600 (150) || 600 || -6°/+85° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type 86 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Type 86]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,000 (250) || 700 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

Like its domestic cousin, the WMA301's main advantages lie in its mobility and gun sight. As such one of the tactics the WMA301 can utilise is long-range engagements. Since it has an excellent second-generation gunner thermal, great APFSDS, and a laser rangefinder, it can comfortably sit behind and snipe. To be an effective sniper the player must have adequate map knowledge and memorise sniping locations on different maps. Because the WMA301 has very poor gun depression and slow reverse speed, these constrains place further limitations on the available spots, and unfortunately the player would not be able to use certain spots that other nations' wheeled vehicles can use.

Usually suitable sniping spots for the WMA301 include some following characteristics:

* Be at around 800-1,800 m from target area: long distance will not be a barrier for the WMA301, instead it protects its fragile body. The thermal sight makes searching distant targets extremely easy, and the high velocity of the APFSDS eases leading. The shell still retains enough penetration at ~1,000 m to go through most tanks around this BR.

* Overlooks a key passageway: an accurate sniper at a good spot can cut off the enemies' vehicle supplies, leading to less enemies threatening your teammates at the frontline and therefore making the victory easier.

* Has little to no slopes/hills: the WMA301 cannot fight in hilly terrains due to its poor gun depression, thus the spots you pick must be overall flat. The WMA301 also accelerates very sluggishly on slopes, so if you are spotted you will not have enough speed to retreat in time.

* Has hard covers or vegetation: hard covers can provide some much-needed protection in case the WMA301 gets spotted. Vegetation, on the other hand, will partly conceal the tall profile of the vehicle, blending it into the background which can be effective against foes without thermal optics.

At the spot, scan across the battlefield using the gunner thermal. Since its field of view is limited, the smallest zoom is recommended to increase the view arc. Commander's binoculars do provide superior field of view, however it does not have access to thermal therefore heavily reducing the effectiveness of target searching. If you spot white heat signatures (whether it be engine smoke or the vehicle itself) behind obstacles, remember to scout it (note that scouting will not work if target is too far away). If the target can be shot at, simply range-find the distance, the cannon will quickly elevate to said distance. All you have to do is to point the centre of the crosshair at it and fire. The post-penetration effect of the APFSDS is enough to knock out most if not all crew if it hits the fighting compartment, however if the aim is a bit off the crew damage is likely be minimal. You must be very skilled at leading moving targets to ensure single-shot knock-outs since the gun only adjusts itself vertically. Not finishing off a target within 2 shots will not only allow it to fight back, but will also expose your position which can be fatal.

Note: if a target is moving towards you in the distance, after rangefinding and having your cannon adjusted, aim the crosshair down a bit since the target has moved closer after you measured the distance. If it is moving away, aim a bit higher.

With its 85 km/h speed, flanking is the key to avoid any direct fire from pretty much any vehicle armed with at least a heavy machine gun. Because of the negligible protection found on this vehicle, take all precautions and avoid rushing into direct fire at all costs, you will not have the luxury of having the second chance to return fire. Being one of the slowest wheeled assault guns in the game, taking vantage points might not be possible considering the inferior top speed that only gets worse in off-road situations. The thin armour and poor reverse speed punish poor positioning, so think carefully about what spots allow the WMA301 to spot and engage enemies without being overly exposed to incoming fire. Complicated terrains are problematic for this vehicle and it tends to do better in urban combat. Any aircraft is a lethal threat, with either guns or rockets, so keep away from their sight. Use smoke grenades to mask your position if there are no buildings or other forms of large cover to hide behind. Helicopters in particular will have an easy time spotting and destroying the WMA301, so do not attract their attention and make use of the heavy machine gun, gun-launched ATGM, and as a last ditch, HE-VT if they get very close.

Whatever the situation, APFSDS and ATGM are a must for the WMA301 and they come with the tank as it is a premium vehicle. The Type 83 APFSDS can handle most targets at its BR and anything else with ERA or strong composite armour can be dealt with by the ATGM. With the same 2nd generation thermal gunner's sight and a laser rangefinder found on the PTL02, being a mid-field runner for hit-and-run attacks or staying behind and sniping careless targets are both viable roles for the WMA301.

;Enemies worth noting

* [[Rooikat Mk.1D|Rooikat]], [[Centauro (Family)|Centauro]], [[M1128]]: these wheeled vehicles perform a similar flanking role on the battlefield. Therefore you will often encounter them while flanking or on your way to flank. These vehicles are generally faster, both forwards and backwards, have better gun depression or better optics/ammo, so they may already be at a cap point before you. If this is the case, ambush around their location and passively hunt them down, as the WMA301's rather slow acceleration and bad reverse prevents it from being offensive in terms of mobility. The Rooikat lacks thermal sights, making it easier to spot and destroy preemptively. The M1128 has an unmanned turret, good thermal sights for all crew members, and slat armour that occasionally interferes with HEATFS rounds. A well placed APFSDS round to the turret or crew compartment may be able to knock them out instantly, but if they survive, a follow-up ATGM should be able to finish the job.

* [[AMX-10RC]]: a contemporary French 6x6 wheeled light tank armed with a 105 mm gun, APFSDS rounds, and thermal sights for the gunner. The AMX-10RC has a rather low profile compared to other wheeled tanks and can be a dangerous sniper. Unlike the other wheeled vehicles mentioned previously, the AMX-10RC does not have any sort of gun stabilizer. Try to attack it when it is on the move and cannot shoot accurately.

* [[Gepard]], [[Type 87]], [[M3 Bradley]], [[BMP-2]], etc.: these vehicles are fast and armed with fully-stabilized autocannons that will very easily rip through the WMA301. Keep a safe distance and try to ambush them.

* [[Dardo]], [[M3A3 Bradley]]: these IFVs can sling a pair of powerful top-attack TOW-2B ATGMs that can easily destroy the WMA301 even if it is hiding behind cover. The TOW-2B also has 4.10 kg of TNT equivalent and a 3 m proximity fuse, which is very bad news - the operator only needs to send a TOW-2B in the WMA301's general location to trigger lethal overpressure damage. The Dardo is particularly dangerous since it does not need to deploy its launcher before firing and has a very quick autocannon that can mow down the WMA301 down in a heartbeat. If these IFVs are on the field, hang back and be very cautious, only attacking when they are distracted. If they become aware of your position, immediately deploy smoke grenades and retreat as quickly as possible behind tall terrain features.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Deadly 105 mm cannon with high velocity, adequate rate of fire and great accuracy
* Gen 2 gunner thermal greatly enhances search-and-destroy ability
* Various ammunition: from APFSDS to unique HE-VT to gun-launched tandem ATGM
* Superior tandem ATGM carrier (can fire on the move, with the same reload time as conventional shells and can carry a high number of ATGMs)
* Competitive top speed on hard surfaces
* Roof-mounted HMG is lethal against helicopters and light vehicles (e.g. M113)
* 2 salvos of smoke grenades provide helpful concealment
* Turn radius is quite small for a wheeled vehicle, beneficial in urban areas
* Has laser rangefinder to assist long-range shooting

'''Cons:'''

* Abysmal reverse speed of only -7 km/h, fatally slow for a wheeled vehicle
* Poor agility on soft terrain like mud, sand and snow
* Poor gun depression
* Bouncy suspension, hard to aim when driving on rough terrain
* Extremely thin hull armour, can be easily penetrated by 12.7 mm HMG fire
* Tall profile, easy to get spotted and shot at
* APFSDS is less powerful at ranges exceeding 2,000 m and will struggle to penetrate well-protected tanks (e.g. [[T-62M-1]], [[T-72A]])
* Has no commander fire control

== History ==

In the early 1980s, the Factory 256 (currently known as NORINCO Chongqing Tiema Industrial Cooperation) started their version of a domestic wheeled APC program coded WZ551. The factory decided to built the APC based on Mercedes-Benz 2026 off-road truck which has just been introduced into Mainland China, the program didn't go well as they decided later on to make major changes to the propulsion system and therefore the WZ551 was delayed. This delay caused the withdrawn of funding from the 7th 5-year project and Factory 256 needed to export this APC in order to recoup their investment. However, in 1986, the prototype of the WZ551 was approved by the PLAGF and was selected as their future wheeled APC. The WZ551's appearance resembled the French VAB APC, which may have influenced the former's design. It was approved for production in 1988 and designated as ZSL90 and later ZSL92 with improved propulsion. The WZ551A chassis was then designed to mount different weaponry ranging from riot-suppression equipment, mortar, IFV turret and anti-tank weaponry.

Two decades after its introduction, based on the [[PTL02]] wheeled assault gun, NORINCO introduced a version of it with an improved turret and new low-recoil 105 mm gun for potential customers with needs for a fire-support vehicle with mobility. First sold to Myanmar in early 2010s, this wheeled assault gun was then exported to different Asian/African countries, serving as their quick response vehicle in heated conflict zones.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=cn_wma_301 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|chjZ6Hra--c|'''Best wheeled tanks''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 01:47 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|3AXZaPoFojs|'''The Shooting Range #264''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:28 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WZ-551#Export

{{TankManufacturer Norinco}}
{{China light tanks}}
{{China premium ground vehicles}}

[[Category:ATGM vehicles]]
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

I-15bis (China)

2023-09-17T09:13:29Z

U153435799: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = I-15 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=i-15bis_china
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Chinese fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 368 || 356 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 10.9 || 11.7 || 10.6 || 10.6 || rowspan="2" | 125
|-
! Upgraded
| 394 || 380 || 10.3 || 10.5 || 19.1 || 14.2
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 580  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || - || - || - || ~14 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 180 || < 360 || < 260 || > 309
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8 mm steel: behind pilot

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|PV-1 (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 7.62 mm PV-1 machine guns, nose-mounted (1,100 rpg upper + 425 rpg lower = 3,050 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|FAB-50sv (50 kg)|RBS-82|RS-82}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 50 kg FAB-50sv bombs (100 kg total)
* 6 x RS-82 rockets
* 6 x RBS-82 rockets

== Usage in battles ==


The I-15 can be used in turnfighting, bomber intercepting and ground pounding. It is excellent in turning tightly and continuously, and it has lovely low-speed handling and low stall speeds (unlike its successor I-16), making it a great starter plane for sim. However it does have its drawbacks: the rather big nose blocks the visibility a lot, offering very poor over-the-nose visibility which is a disadvantage in a turn fight, because when leading a shot the enemy will always get obstructed by the engine, making the player guess the shot. Also its upper wings will get in the way when you look aside. Plus, it has an awful telescope-like gunsight, so when zoomed in the I-15's nimbleness is magnified, making the aim super wobbly. You cannot see anything around which greatly reduces your situational awareness.

Note: it is recommended to set the convergence within 300 m, with vertical convergence on, because the majority of turnfights happen at that range or closer.

Note 2: in a turnfight you must get used to shooting without zooming in, as you really can't see anything with its awkward scope when zoomed it. However when tailing a straight-flying plane that scope doesn't seem that bad

Before engaging a fight, it is better to have an altitude advantage first. When approaching the fight try to figure out which is your teammate and which is the enemy, to avoid going for a second pass, as the energy retention of the I-15 is rather slow. Also pick your target carefully. For easier aiming, you want to go for those unmanoeuvrable twin engine aircraft like [[Ju 88 (Family)|Ju 88]] or [[Ki-45 (Family)|Ki-45]], or bombers if there are any. Given the bad forward visibility of the I-15, these are the best options as they are quite slow and sluggish, and are a bigger target to hit. However getting hits on them doesn't mean good damage, so you must be patient. When dealing with fighters, it is way harder to aim. The elevator control of the I-15 is extremely sensitive, giving it good manoeuvrability, but at the same time, bad handling. The I-15 will respond in a very fast turn upon moving your stick/mouse by a little bit, which makes tracking nimble planes quite hard. But once you get used to it, try to lure every enemy into a turnfight, as that is where the I-15 shines. Quite a bit of bullets are required to effectively damage the enemy so you must be patient. If you find an enemy at your 6, utilise your great roll rate to do defensive manoeuvres like scissors to make them overshoot. Or you can simply do tight turns, most monoplanes won't be able to cut inside your turn and they might disengage.

If you are not very experienced in sim, you can also go for even bigger targets (bombers) for easier aiming. However you want to be more careful when hunting bombers, since with the Sim control (whether it be mouse joystick or a real stick) the plane will manoeuvre much more gently, making itself a great target for the bomber's gunners. Do not follow behind a bomber's 6 unless you are sure that its tail gunners are unconscious. Chasing behind a bomber makes yourself stationary for the tail gunners, and you will be showered with bullets. Your big radial engine will usually get damaged. Instead, before attacking, get an altitude advantage over the bomber by flying around 2 km above it. The bomber should only fill up about 1/6 of your gunsight. The best position for an attack is at the bomber's high 6 so you can adjust the lead much easier. Dive at the bomber, but not directly at it, try to predict where you two will crash by imagining yourself as a missile, that's where you should aim at (deflection shooting). To maximise the damage it is better to aim for their wings and engines, as the fuselage usually soaks up quite some bullets. Only fire when the bomber passes in front of your guns. This short window might seem inadequate to do anything, but with a accurate burst on the engine the 4 MG can at least damage it. With an engine damaged most bombers cannot go far.

Ground pounding ability is average as there are only few bombs and rockets. The 6 rockets, with accurate aiming, can destroy 3 targets, whether them be tanks or pillboxes. The small 50 kg bombs can be used on light pillboxes. Once the suspended armaments are gone, the 4 MG are good for killing soft targets like trucks, artillery and AA cars.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

[[Ki-27 otsu|Ki-27]], [[N1K1]], [[He 51 (Family)|He 51]], [[Gladiator (Family)|Gladiator]], etc. - Those commonly seen planes are equally good at turnfights and will be a hard target to down since they are very small and agile. To deal with them you need to practice leading and deflection shots, plus manoeuvres like barrel rolls and scissors. They still need plenty of bullets to get damaged, so these kind of targets are the hardest to kill and requires great skills from the player.

[[Do 17 Z-2]] - This early twin engine plane always shows up as an AI controlled reconnaissance aircraft that you have to down, which is a good news as AI won't manoeuvre aggressively. However this plane is extremely durable for the I-15's weak MGs. When it shows up as an AI, deflection shots are not recommended as the small shooting windows really does nothing. Instead, try disabling its 2 gunners first, then just sit behind it and burst on its wings and engines. When attacking the gunners try to not get your engine damaged by pulling evasive manoeuvres as soon as the bullets come close, since the Do 17 can outrun the I-15 in a level flight.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Extreme turning abilities: one of the best turn-fighters in-game, able to turn tightly and continuously with other biplanes
* Firepower is rich with 4 x 7.62 mm MG, moderate damage and plenty of ammo
* Good rate of climb
* Small silhouette meaning you are harder to hit
* 2 x 50 kg bombs allow you to have some ground-pounding abilities in ground battles
* Fixed gear is convenient for quick landings and takeoffs
* Very short take off distance
* Low stall speed, beginner friendly to land and manoeuvre
* Open cockpit allows you to easily hear nearby aircraft in Simulator
* Nose-mounted MGs means no need to worry about convergence distances
* Extremely high damage to ground units in kamikaze attacks

'''Cons:'''

* Very slow speed: cannot keep up with early monoplane fighters (eg [[He 112 (Family)|He 112]]) or even some bombers such as [[Do 17 E-1]]
* Will quickly lose speed gathered in a dive
* Average roll rate
* Open cockpit can usually get the pilot sniped
* Small 50 kg bombs require very accurate aiming
* Telescopic gunsight offers very limiting field of view in Simulator
* Big engine blocks the visibility over the nose, a disadvantage in a turnfight in Simulator
* Side views are obstructed by the upper wings and supporting structures
* Very wobbly with Simulator controls, making it hard to aim precisely
* Vulnerable to heavy machine gun fire (e.g. [[Browning M2 (12.7 mm)|.50 cal M2 Browning]], [[Breda-SAFAT (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm Breda-SAFAT]])

== History ==


On the 7th July 1937, fighting broke out between Chinese and Japanese forces, starting the Second Sino-Japanese War. When the war began the Chinese air force was using many obsolete aircraft, such as the [[Hawk III]], which were no match for the Japanese A5M fighters.<ref name="PolikarpovAces">Maslov and Postlethwaite 2013</ref> China rapidly signed the Sino-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact with the USSR, and as part of the agreement the Soviets began Operation Zet to secretly supply China with aircraft and pilots.

Between October 1937 and September 1939 the USSR delivered 885 aircraft (rising to 1,250 by 1941) to China, including 215 Polikarpov I-15 aircraft delivered very soon after the deal was agreed (eventually rising to 347 I-15s). At first the Soviet pilots would have to fly the aircraft over 1,500 miles across China to get them to their destination of Lanzhou, however this was a risky journey and so future batches of aircraft would be disassembled and transported to Hami (closer to Lanzhou), before final assembly and delivery to Lanzhou.<ref name="PolikarpovAces" /> The Soviets also sent 250 volunteer pilots to fly the I-15s for China. The first I-15s were delivered in November 1937. In Chinese service the I-16 became known as the "Chizh" or "Siskin".<ref name="PolikarpovAces" />

A number Chinese aces flew the I-15bis; among them Liu Chi-Sheng who achieved 6 of his 10 kills while flying the I-15bis.<ref name="ChinaAces">Cheung and Davey 2015</ref>

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=i-15bis_china Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|rpp-GqXiaKg|'''The Shooting Range #214''' - ''Air Triathlon'' section at 09:59 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/272053-polikarpov-i-15bis/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[Wikipedia:Polikarpov_I-15|[Wikipedia] Polikarpov I-15]]
* [http://surfcity.kund.dalnet.se/china_chi-sheng.htm Biplane fighter aces China - Major General Liu Chi-Sheng]
* [http://www.century-of-flight.freeola.com/Aviation%20history/WW2/aces/Liu%20Chi-Sheng.htm Aviation during World War 2 - Major General Liu Chi-Sheng]

=== References ===

;Citations
<references />

;Bibliography

* Cheung, R., & Davey, C. (2015). Aces of the Republic of China Air Force. United Kingdom: Bloomsbury Publishing.
* Maslov, M., & Postlethwaite, M. (2013). Polikarpov I-15, I-16 and I-153 Aces. United Kingdom: Bloomsbury Publishing.

{{AirManufacturer Polikarpov}}
{{China fighters}}

Type 16 (FPS)

2023-09-14T06:03:28Z

U153435799: /* External links */

{{About
| about = Japanese premium light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Type 16 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=jp_type_16_mod
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|StoreImage_{{PAGENAME}}_005.jpg}}
|store=12047
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is an early production model of the [[Type 16]] which belongs to the 14th Brigade, 15th Rapid Deployment Regiment, 1st 16 MCV company.

Introduced in [[Update "Sky Guardians"]] as a pack premium, it comes with the same shells and gameplay as the [[Type 16 (P)]], and the armour of the [[Type 16]]. Being a fast, wheeled vehicle, it can traverse the map at high speeds, using Gen 3 thermals with a laser rangefinder to acquire targets on the fly making quick work on flanks and long range. The Type 16 also provides a laser warning system, which can be used to evade long-range shots if the driver responds to it with the mobility the Type 16 offers on top of smoke grenades which can be used to hide from helicopters.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Composite screen (hull sides and turret front)
* Wheel (tires)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 20 mm (80°) ''Upper glacis'' 5 + 150 + 35 mm (45°) ''Lower front plate'' || 15 mm ''Top'' 10 mm ''Bottom'' || 20 mm (9°) || 5 - 20 mm
|-
| Turret || 5 - 25 mm ''Turret front'' 5 mm (61°) ''Spaced armour'' 20 mm (65°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 25 mm 5 mm (25°-38°) ''Spaced armour'' || 15 mm || 5 - 25 mm
|-
| Cupola || 25 mm (0°-13°) || 25 mm || 25 mm || 5 mm ''Commander hatch'' 25 mm ''Outer ring''
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Wheels and torsion bars are 10 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 15 mm thick.
* Turret composite screen is 200 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=883|rbMinHp=504}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|JSW (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[JSW (105 mm)|105 mm JSW]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 40 || rowspan="2" | -6°/+15° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 28.6 || 39.5 || 48.0 || 53.1 || 56.5 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 17.9 || 21.0 || 25.5 || 28.2 || 30.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:JSW (105 mm)/Ammunition|Type 91, Type 75, M735, M416}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_Type 16.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty*
! 4th rack empty*
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''40''' || 25 ''(+15)'' || 16 ''(+24)'' || 8 ''(+32)'' || 1 ''(+39)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Note''':

* The 3rd and 4th racks serve as first-stage ammo stowage.
{{Clear}}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|Type 74 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 1,000 (200) || 577 || -8°/+60° || ±120°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type 74 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Type 74]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,000 (250) || 701 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


'''General Playstyle'''

Like most light tanks at top tier, you are extremely mobile and capable of pulling off some early flanking attacks on the enemy, weakening them and possibly slowing them down while your MBT allies crawl to your position and mop up any remaining enemy armour. Additionally, the Type 16 possesses an extremely good combination of optics: you have access to both thermals and night vision as well as a nice zoom of 4.0x all the way to 13.3x which makes it an excellent sniper. The Type 16 also provides you with a laser warning system/range finder combo package which makes it easier to tell if you have gained the attention of any enemy tanks during your expedition into the wilderness.

'''Realistic Battles'''

In RB, it is best to use your speed either to flank the enemy in order to snipe and scout them or reach a nice camping spot in hopes of delaying their advance, ideally near a choke point in the map where they will be bunched up and find it hard to manoeuvre once they notice you, slowing them down just a little bit more. You serve a vital role in matches as any amount of time the enemy team spends dealing with you they also spend ignoring your allies and the capture points, delaying actions should be a priority even above killing as a dead tank can respawn and head elsewhere whereas you need to waste as much of their time as possible, knocking out engines and damaging tracks as well as scaring them via destroying their barrel (which almost always leads to the enemy running back behind friendly lines so they waste time prior to repairing) is all fair game, the more annoying you are the more likely your team will have the time needed to gain the upper hand and win. A final note, this vehicle can if needed brawl for a little while due to its lack of armour and the decently spaced crew layout but it should be your last resort both due to overpressure being an extreme danger and the fact that other light tanks like the BMP family will chew through the sides of the Type 16 with ease and quickly knock out the crew in close quarters. If at all possible, avoid brawling and use your speed to reposition and continue the fight at a distance. On city maps, try to run and get behind the enemy for quick ammo racks and engine fires.

'''Arcade Battles'''

In AB, your ability to flank is hampered by the different visibility mechanics, so it may be best to put lots of obstacles such as buildings or terrain between you and any enemy tanks while driving around the map in order to avoid this issue until your ready to strike. If the map lacks such terrain features, then you can also resort to acting as a support vehicle and stay with your teammates, using them as armour and providing fire support in addition to providing help with repairing all the breaches that are often damaged during top tier battles. Finally, being a scout tank makes you rather ideal for air support so whenever possible (and when it's safe) use it to help out allies in other parts of the map, your tank is fast but it can't be in two places at once, the air units you bring in can fix that little problem and can provide the much needed assistance your allies were lacking leading to a higher chance of winning the match.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fast, with a great acceleration
* Quick turret traverse speed
* 3rd generation thermal sights for gunner and commander
* Immune to .50 cals from the front
* Decent APFSDS
* Good zoom of 13.3x

'''Cons:'''

* Weak armour and little survivability
* Stabilizer disables at a speed beyond 75 km/h / 47 mph
* APFSDS has little spall

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=jp_type_16_mod Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related Development

* [[Type 16 (P)]] - Prototype
* [[Type 16]] - Main Production

;Other {{Annotation|MCV|Maneuver Combat Vehicle}}/{{Annotation|MGS|Mobile Gun Systems}}:

* [[File:Italy_flag.png|20px|link=]] [[Centauro (Family)]]
* [[File:South Africa_flag.png|20px|link=]] [[Rooikat (Family)]]
* [[File:FRG_flag.png|20px|link=]] [[Radkampfwagen 90]]
* [[File:USA_flag.png|20px|link=]] [[M1128]]
* [[File:France_flag.png|20px|link=]] [[AMX-10RC]]
* [[File:China_flag.png|20px|link=]] [[ZLT11]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8101-development-pre-order-type-16-fps-wheeled-spg-en|[Devblog] Pre-order: Type 16 (FPS) wheeled SPG]]
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_16_maneuver_combat_vehicle

{{Manufacturer MHI}}
{{Japan light tanks}}
{{Japan premium ground vehicles}}
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

Ke-Ni

2023-09-14T03:25:24Z

U153435799: /* External links */

{{Specs-Card
|code=jp_type_98_ke_ni
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' ({{Annotation|九八式軽戦車「ケニ」|Kyūhachi-Shiki Kei-Sensha [Ke-Ni]}}) was a light tank prototype to replace and improve on the Ha-Go, built with a smaller silhouette and primarily focused as a light tank instead of a general purpose tank like the Ha-Go. It included some unconventional design choices for a Japanese tank: due to the small size of the tank and only having a driver in the hull, the machine gun was moved to the turret in a coaxial mount, and it had armour improvements and a Christie suspension. While a very promising tank, high command didn't feel the need to replace the adequately performing Type 95 Ha-Go's against the little Chinese armour they faced.

The Ke-Ni was introduced along with the initial Japanese Ground Forces tree in [[Update 1.65 "Way of the Samurai"]]. Being a small and zippy tank, it plays very similarly to the [[M22]]; while the cannon isn't completely up-to-par, it does offer APHE to deal some post-penetration damage. It's best used in flanks and hitting enemy tanks from the side.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

With around 12 mm of armour all around, this tank is barely bulletproof. German and British machine guns can even knock you down at point-blank range. Your crew is cramped and not numerous, which makes surviving a shot extremely unlikely. This is definitely not the tank to expose to any kind of shots. With its small turret and impressive gun depression, hull-down positions improve this vehicle's survivability and should be sought whenever possible.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 12 + 10 mm (20-27°) ''Front plate'' 12 mm (71°) ''Front glacis'' 12 mm (2-58°) ''Lower glacis'' || 12 mm (29-34°) ''Top'' 12 mm ''Bottom'' || 10 mm (52°) ''Top'' 10 mm (12-52°) ''Bottom'' || 10 mm
|-
| Turret || 12 mm (0-81°) ''Turret front'' 16 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 12 mm (25°) || 12 mm (25°) 10 mm (24-25°) ''Rear door'' || 9 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are both 15 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=141|rbMinHp=115}}

This tank is quite fast and can achieve surprising feats of mobility. Coupled with a good turret traverse speed, this tank can be reliably used in flanking manoeuvres. With its narrow tracks and good power-to-weight ratio, this tank is fast on almost any ground but easily loses speed on rough terrain, steep hills, and sharp turns. Another good characteristic of this tank is its reverse speed of -7 km/h, which allows it to effectively use overextend tactics (peek-a-boo).

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Type 100 (37 mm)}}

Offering an improved gun and ammunition selection compared to the [[Ha-Go]], this tank offers a good learning curve from its predecessor. Though this cannon does not have the best penetration at rank I, the trademark Japanese APHE has a good amount of HE filler and ensures that each penetrating shot deals damage. The gun only has one type of ammunition.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type 100 (37 mm)|37 mm Type 100]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 110 || rowspan="2" | -15°/+18° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Vertical || 16.18 || 22.40 || 27.20 || 30.08 || 32.00 || rowspan="2" | 4.33 || rowspan="2" | 3.83 || rowspan="2" | 3.53 || rowspan="2" | 3.33
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 10.12 || 11.90 || 14.45 || 15.98 || 17.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Type 100 (37 mm)/Ammunition|Type 1 APHE}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''110''' || 105 ''(+5)'' || 99 ''(+11)'' || 81 ''(+29)'' || 41 ''(+69)'' || 1 ''(+109)'' || No
|-
|}

Only left side: 81 ''(+29)''

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|Type 97 (7.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type 97 (7.7 mm)|7.7 mm Type 97]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,000 (20) || 499 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

Being a light tank, the Ke-Ni cannot engage enemies head-on. To succeed in an assault, you need to be sneaky. Flanking, avoiding the enemy and going behind them is your best option. The 37 mm gun can penetrate most Rank I tanks if you hit their weak spots, though it may take a few shots to destroy an enemy. Your first shot should be to take out the enemy gunner so they can't retaliate. After that, take out their driver so they can't retreat. Never linger in an open field since anything can kill you with ease. Use your good gun depression to keep a hull-down position behind hills and just pop out to shoot. Hide in bushes or behind buildings or rocks. You are quite small, so use this to your advantage.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Low profile
* Slightly improved 37 mm cannon able to penetrate the majority of rank 1 tanks it faces
* Coaxial machine gun (rare for a early Japanese tank)
* Large ammo load
* Short reload time
* Small engine, which is hard to hit from the front
* Good turret traverse
* -15° of depression
* Has shoulder lock, which is a primitive form of the vertical stabiliser
* Good reverse speed (-7 km/h)

'''Cons:'''

* Relatively little armour, can be penetrated by 12.7 mm machine guns
* Hard to angle due to the shape of the armour
* Only 3 crew members
* Crew is cramped
* Only one ammunition choice, can have difficulty dealing with heavily armoured tanks

== History ==


=== Development ===
The '''{{specs|name}}''' was a replacement program started in 1938, for the [[Ha-Go|Type 95 Ha-Go]]. The tank was supposed to have the same weight but with thicker armour. During development both Hino Motors and Mitsubishi Industries built a prototype being the Chi-Ni* Model A (Ko) and Chi-Ni* Model B (Otsu) respectively. As Hino built a suspension similar to on the [[Ha-Go]], Mitsubishi went for a similar design to the Christie suspension. During trails the Model A performed stunningly better, especially offroad and was adopted as the Type 98 Ke-Ni.

But as the battle results of the [[Ha-Go]] came in, the Army realized the poor strength and disorganization of the Chinese army was no issue for the adequate ageing Ha-Go and didn't need direct replacement.

Only with the start of the Pacific war high command started taking note of how the American's .50 cal is enough to punch through the rather thin armour of the Ha-Go and eventually gave the light tank improvement contract to Hino with effective production starting in 1942. Though as many Japanese tanks and army manufacturing, production would be hampered by the Navy's resource priority leaving the total amount of Ke-Ni's built rather low at roughly 104 built.

{{Notice|*Not to be confused with the Chi-Ni medium tank prototype.}}

=== Design ===
Comparing the Ke-Ni to the [[Ha-Go]], it featured thicker, welded armour of improved shape, the height of the tank was 50 cm lower in profile and slightly lighter and shorter. With the use of a Mitsubishi Type 100 6-Cylinder air-cooled diesel engine with 130 horsepower, it allowed the vehicle to travel at 50 km/h (31 mph) even with its thicker armour.

Three pairs of bogies with six road-wheels connected to the chassis using bell cranks, this gave the tank better stability over its predecessor which only had two pairs of bogies with four road-wheels which was a major complaint of Ha-Go crew as it would rock the tank on unfavourable terrain.

The driver was located in a central position of the chassis and received a standard wheel.

In contrast to the one-man turret of [[Ha-Go|Type 95 Ha-Go]], the Type 98 had a two-man turret, which featured additional room for a loader next to the gunner/commander. The gun was a [[Type 100 (37 mm)|Type 100 37 mm tank gun]] with vertical elevations of -15 to +20 degrees in the turret, a muzzle velocity of 760 m/s, and also a coaxial [[Type 97 (7.7 mm)|Type 97 (7.7 mm) machine gun]] instead of in the back of the turret.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=jp_type_98_ke_ni Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_98_Ke-Ni_light_tank
{{TankManufacturer Hino}}
{{Japan light tanks}}

Jaguar A

2023-09-14T03:08:12Z

U153435799:

{{About
| about = French strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Jaguar (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=jaguar_a
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} French strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Raining Fire"]]. It is a twin-engine ground assault aircraft, designed with the transport and operation of heavy ordnance in mind. It also comes equipped with air-to-air missiles, in the form of the dreaded [[Matra R550 Magic 1]]. Overall a bomb truck, it is very unwieldy while fully loaded, but is exceptionally nimble once its bomb/rocket load is expended.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The SEPECAT Jaguar is a relatively small aircraft, with a relatively small wing surface area, yet it boasts two jet engines, each yielding nearly two tons of wet thrust. These characteristics give the Jaguar exceptional agility and responsiveness, being able to engage turnfights if necessary. On the other hand, this small frame makes the Jaguar turn into a brick when loaded with bombs, even becoming so heavy it becomes very hard to take-off. The wings are of a swept design, and the Jaguar loses energy while turning only moderately, not being a BnZ fighter, but not being as bad as a [[Mirage IIIC]] or a [[J35D]] Draken. Overall it is a quite average fighter, while not loaded.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 10,668 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,464 || 1,453 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.8 || 32.4 || 74.6 || 67.7 || rowspan="2" | 850
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,524 || 1,490 || 28.6 || 30.0 || 108.7 || 90.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,273  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 926 || 525 || 410 || ~12 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 650 || < 600 || < 720 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Rolls-Royce Turbomeca Limited Adour Mk.102 || 2
| colspan="3" | 7,616 kg || colspan="3" | 453 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 15m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 53m fuel
|-
| 709 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning low-bypass turbofan
| 8,592 kg || 8,838 kg || 9,448 kg || 10,365 kg || 10,869 kg || 13,500 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 15m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 53m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 1,998 kgf || 3,094 kgf
| 0.72 || 0.70 || 0.65 || 0.60 || 0.57 || 0.46
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 2,242 kgf (200 km/h) || 3,307 kgf (200 km/h)
| 0.77 || 0.75 || 0.70 || 0.64 || 0.61 || 0.49
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The Jaguar A has no armour plating or armoured glass. The entire wings of the Jaguar A are made up of fuel tanks, along with most of the upper fuselage, with flight controls being exposed in the "spine" of the aircraft. The two engines take up a small amount of room in the very rear of the fuselage.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Cross}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|DEFA 553 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** 2 x 30 mm DEFA 553 cannons, belly-mounted (150 rpg = 300 total)
** 2 x 30 mm DEFA 553 cannons + 252 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="9%" | 1 !! width="9%" | 2 !! width="9%" | 3 !! width="9%" | 4 !! width="9%" | 5
| rowspan="13" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_Jaguar_GR.1.png]]</div>
|-
! [[SAMP Type 25 (250 kg)|250 kg SAMP Type 25]] bombs
| 1 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 1
|-
! [[SAMP Type 25 200 (250 kg)|250 kg SAMP Type 25 200]] bombs
| 1 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 1
|-
! [[SAMP Type 21 (400 kg)|400 kg SAMP Type 21]] bombs
| 1 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 1
|-
! [[SAMP Type 21 200 (400 kg)|400 kg SAMP Type 21 200]] bombs
| 1 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 1
|-
! [[BGL-400 (400 kg)|400 kg BGL-400]] bombs
| || 1* || || 1* ||
|-
! [[BGL-1000 (970 kg)|970 kg BGL-1000]] bombs
| || 1* || || 1* ||
|-
! [[SNEB type 23]] rockets
| 18, 36 || 36, 36 || || 36, 36 || 18, 36
|-
! [[TBA ECC]] rockets
| 4 || 4 || || 4 || 4
|-
! [[TBA Multi-Dart 100 AB]] rockets
| 4 || 4 || || 4 || 4
|-
! [[AS-30L Nord]] missiles
| || 1* || || 1* ||
|-
! [[Matra R550 Magic 1]] missiles
| 1 || || || || 1
|-
! ATLIS II targeting pod
| || || 1* || ||
|-
| colspan="7" | * The ATLIS II pod must be carried when equipping guided air-to-ground ordnance
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* Without load
* 2 x Matra R550 Magic 1 missiles
* 11 x 250 kg SAMP Type 25 bombs (2,750 kg total)
* 11 x 250 kg SAMP Type 25 200 bombs (2,750 kg total)
* 8 x 400 kg SAMP Type 21 bombs (3,200 kg total)
* 8 x 400 kg SAMP Type 21 200 bombs (3,200 kg total)
* 2 x 400 kg BGL-400 bombs (800 kg total)
* 2 x 970 kg BGL-1000 bombs (1,940 kg total)
* 2 x AS-30L Nord missiles
* 16 x TBA ECC rockets
* 16 x TBA Multi-Dart 100 AB rockets
* 108 x SNEB type 23 rockets
* 144 x SNEB type 23 rockets
{{Navigation-End}}

The sets of bombs are the heaviest ordnances for the aircraft, but ensure a good supply of CAS support capability, even though bomb runs in combined battles are extremely dangerous at such BRs.

The most exotic loadout proposed by the Jaguar A is the TBA Multi-Dart 100 AB rocket. This rocket is a hypersonic, sub-munition-carrying vessel, with each rocket carrying six darts, and reaching 1,400 m/s, or Mach 4.2. Each dart is in fact a small kinetic penetrator, each being able to penetrate 80 mm of flat armour, and relying only on fragmentation of armour for post-penetration damage. While these darts cannot pierce the front (or even side) hull of a modern MBT, it will pierce its roof without problems, and the rocket speed and number of darts gives the possibility of top attacks from a safe distance, with extreme precision.

== Usage in battles ==


The Jaguar A's only air-to-air missiles are locked as a rank 4 modification. The entirety of its opposition will be carrying both IR and semi-active radar missiles. Once these missiles are researched, the Jaguar becomes a force to be reckoned with, and it can be expected that a few kills can be made on unsuspecting enemies. The bomb/rocket load of the Jaguar A is decent, and bombing bases and key targets is definitely a good way to acquire experience. Carrying a hybrid air-to-air and air-to-ground load is a good compromise, retaining adequate ground pounding capabilities while acquiring self-defence capabilities.

It is a good tactic to let pure fighters go in front, and remain at low altitude. That way, the Jaguar will not be in the front lines, and will be able to expend its bomb load and attempt to help fighters with its missiles. The Jaguar cannot face aircraft such as a MiG-21, or a Mirage IIIC, or even a Phantom II and be expected to win. The aircraft fares better as a support aircraft.

In Combined battles, many CAS options are available. Be it the SAMP bombs, SNEB rockets, or Multi-Dart rockets, with the latter being its cutting edge weapon against ground forces. Remaining at a safe distance and avoiding incoming missiles while selecting a target, then pointing it swiftly for a top attack with one or more Multi-Dart rockets seems to be an adequate usage of these weapons. It can be decided to abandon the air-to-air missiles to carry more ordnance, that is a choice of attack paradigm each player must make.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Small frame, hard to hit with guns
* Nimble and agile while not loaded
* Carries two extremely efficient [[Matra R550 Magic 1]] missiles
* Carries an exotic weapon for CAS, which players are not used to face
* Can be played as a bomb truck
* Has a [[HUD#410SUM1|Head-Up Display]] in the cockpit which provides flight information and weapon aiming functionality
* Very effective [[TBA Multi-Dart 100 AB]] rockets containing an array of six sub-calibre darts, each a small kinetic penetrator capable of piercing 80 mm of armour
* Has a very large number of countermeasures, giving it very good and extended defensive capabilities

'''Cons:'''

* Mediocre speed performance
* Researching the modifications are a hassle
* Basically a barely flying anvil when fully loaded with bombs
* No protection
* No radar (and thus no radar guided missiles)

== History ==

The Jaguar A was the French variant of the SEPECAT Jaguar, developed jointly by France and the United Kingdom. The first prototype flew in late 1968, fitted with the Adour engine. The aircraft later flew at the Paris Air Show in 1969, and the further developed Jaguar A prototype, improved and designed for French service, flew in March of that year. After the commencement of production, the French Air Service accepted the first Jaguar A in December 1973, one of an eventual 160 Jaguar A aircraft that would serve with the Air Service. As well, the Air Ministry procured 40 additional Jaguar E trainers, to help train pilots for the Jaguar A.
[[File:Jaguar_A_French_Air_Force_Gulf_Colours.jpg|thumb|A French Jaguar A in the camouflage it wore during the Gulf War.]]
The aircraft was able to carry an AN-52 nuclear bomb; however, the aircraft never served with the French strategic nuclear force, as the role had been taken by the Mirage IV. The aircraft was immediately pressed into service defending national interests in Africa, a mission sometimes referred to as "Jaguar Diplomacy". Thus, Jaguars had their combat debut fighting rebels in Mauritania. The aircraft also flew in the Chad-Libya conflict and in the Central African Republic. During its time in African-theatre service, the Jaguar gained a reputation for being a highly effective ground attacker; Libyan forces frequently tried to sabotage the Jaguars stationed in Chad due to their effectiveness against ground targets.

Later on, Jaguars served in the Gulf War and the 1999 Kosovo conflict. The aircraft flew 615 sorties in the Gulf War, and one aircraft was lost to an Iraqi SAM. The plane was frequently used to destroy Iraqi convoys, naval vessels and Scud missile sites. The aircraft also performed a valuable reconnaissance role, providing aerial photography and intelligence for the NATO forces. The Jaguars went on to serve until 2005 when they were replaced in the ground-attack role by the Dassault Rafale.

=== [[wt:en/news/6841-development-sepecat-jaguar-raining-fire-en|Devblog]] ===
In the early 1960s, both Great Britain and France were looking into procuring a new jet trainer for their respective air forces. Despite differences in specifications and requirements, the two nations were united in their pursuit for such a new aircraft, thus leading to an agreement being signed in 1965 which would kick off development of what would eventually become the Jaguar.

The Jaguar was being developed under a specially formed consortium of British and French aviation companies, namely Bréguet and BAC, called SEPECAT (you can look up what the acronym stands for on your own - we promise you won't be disappointed though). Continuing with the theme of joint projects, Rolls-Royce and Turbomeca also joined forces to develop a new turbofan engine - the Adour - for the new aircraft.

The first of eight prototypes of the Jaguar successfully conducted its maiden flight in September of 1968. Following the conclusion of further testing, the Jaguar went into production in two major variants - the Jaguar A being the modification used by the French Air Force and the Jaguar S (Jaguar GR.1) being the variant employed by the RAF. Both variants of the machine entered production in the early 1970s, with the first production models being delivered in 1973/'74.

The Jaguar primarily served with France and Great Britain, most notably distinguishing itself in action during the Gulf War of the 1990s. However, Ecuador, Nigeria and Oman also operated modifications of the Jaguar, while India still operates the Jaguar to this day. In total over 540 SEPECAT Jaguars were built.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=jaguar_a Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" caption="Jaguar A Devblog Images" heights="150">
File:Jaguar A WTWallpaper 001.jpg|
File:Jaguar A WTWallpaper 002.jpg|
File:Jaguar A WTWallpaper 003.jpg|
File:Jaguar A WTWallpaper 004.jpg|
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|xNA65Ms4gwY|'''The Shooting Range #221''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:28 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


* [[F-1]]
* [[T-2]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6841-development-sepecat-jaguar-raining-fire-en|[Devblog] SEPECAT Jaguar: Raining Fire]]
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SEPECAT_Jaguar

{{AirManufacturer SEPECAT}}
{{France jet aircraft}}

Ki-10-I C

2023-09-14T02:31:03Z

U153435799: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = Japanese fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other variants
| link = Ki-10 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ki_10_1_commander
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese biplane fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

The Ki-10-I C is a reserve biplane fighter for the Japanese. Like all biplanes, the Ki-10-I C has a low top speed, high turn rate, good-to-fair climbing ability, nearly no armour, and, in Realistic and Simulator Battles, a ridiculously short take-off length. Compared to other biplanes, the Ki-10-I C is faster and climbs easier, with similar armament and manoeuvrability, but with (marginally) weaker armour. The Ki-10-I C is not noticeably different from the [[Ki-10-I]]

The Ki-10-I C's low speed and tight turning ability make it a great turn-fighter, like most Japanese light fighters. The Ki-10-I C excels at low and slow turn fighting at very low altitudes where enemies cannot out-dive it. Additionally, it has a climb rate to climb away from enemy biplanes. Turning stalls should be avoided, as the Ki-10-I has a tendency to enter uncontrollable spins.

Its twin 7.7 mm armament is one of the weakest in the game, so strafing attacks on all but the least armoured targets are not recommended; Artillery, vehicles, and landing craft are the primary targets, while the Ki-10-I C's weak construction makes attacking AAA and bombers risky propositions, but not impossible. Cargo Ships, tanks and armoured cars are invulnerable to the Ki-10-I C. Instead, the best Ki-10-I C targets are other biplanes or slow monoplanes, such as [[P-26A-33|P-26s]], [[Fury Mk I|Fury Mk Is]] or [[Nimrod Mk I|Nimrod Mk Is]]. Like most other planes, the Ki-10-I C works better in numbers. Ki-10 pilots should focus primary on sticking together and working as a team.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 386 || 373 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 16.4 || 17.2 || 10.9 || 10.9 || rowspan="2" | 232
|-
! Upgraded
| 422 || 402 || 15.8 || 16.0 || 22.2 || 15.7
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || N/A || ~11 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 280 || < 350 || < 320 || > 190
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 3,500 m || 800 hp || 944 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* No armour plating
* No armour glazing
* All critical components located in front of aircraft (fuel, pilot, engine, controls)

Like many biplanes before and contemporaries of the {{PAGENAME}}, armour was not an option, survival was based on the pilot's grit. Armour added weight, weight the early biplanes could not afford to carry and still be a viable fighter. Flying in open cockpit and fabric-covered aircraft, the only protection the pilot had was to place his engine between him and his enemy, otherwise, the pilot was vulnerable. Typically aircraft like this have the engine at the nose of the aircraft, followed by the fuel tank and then the cockpit, all three critical components relatively crammed together. The pilot's toolbox had to contain situational awareness as he needed to know where the enemy was around him. Tracer rounds could easily ignite the fabric-covered aircraft or large fuel tanks, so it was imperative the pilot was the attacker, not the one being attacked and knowing where the enemies are at can help avoid getting shot at.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

For such low-rank vehicles the order of research does not really matter. Improvements in firepower by new belts and new machine guns help a lot in Arcade Battles. For Realistic mode, performance upgrades are more often necessary.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Type 89 (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 7.7 mm Type 89 machine guns, nose-mounted (450 rpg = 900 total)

== Usage in battles ==

The Ki-10-I's low speed and tight turning ability make it a great turn-fighter, like most Japanese light fighters. The Ki-10-I excels at low and slow turn fighting at very low altitudes where enemies cannot out-dive it. Additionally, it has a climb rate to climb away from enemy biplanes. Very fast dives should be avoided, as the wings will shear off at very high speeds. Similarly, turning stalls should be avoided, as the Ki-10-I has a tendency to enter uncontrollable spins.

Its twin 7.7 mm armament is the weakest in the game, as it has a lower fire rate than its contemporaries, the [[ShKAS (7.62 mm)|ShKAS]], [[Browning (7.62 mm)|Browning]], and [[MG 17 (7.92 mm)|MG 17]]. The belts are poor as well; Stealth is most recommended, as it has the most AP-derivative shells. Strafing attacks on all but the least armoured targets are not recommended; Artillery, Vehicles, and Landing Craft are good and soft targets, while the Ki-10-I's weak construction makes attacking AAA and bombers risky. All bombers are pretty much invulnerable to the Ki-10-I (Beaufort, A-26, etc.) unless you are extremely good at making consistent pilot shots. Cargo Ships, Tanks and pillboxes are also invulnerable to the Ki-10-I. Instead, the best Ki-10-I targets are other biplanes or slow monoplanes, such as [[P-26 (Family)|P-26s]], [[Fury Mk I]]s or [[Nimrod Mk I]]s. The best practice is to aim for the wings! The fuselage's of all planes will absorb your shells like a sponge. Like most other planes, the Ki-10-I works best in numbers. Ki-10 pilots should focus primarily on sticking together and working as a team.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great manoeuvrability
* Low stall speed
* Fast top speed for a biplane
* Good climb rate for a biplane

'''Cons:'''

* No armour
* Poor diving ability
* Poor spin characteristics

== History ==

The Kawasaki Ki-10 was the last Biplane fighter used by the Japanese Army. Introduced in 1935, it beat the competing Nakajima Ki-11 (which would later be refined as the [[Ki-27 otsu|Ki-27]]) as the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force placed more priority on manoeuvrability than speed. Its excellent manoeuvrability made it extremely popular with Japanese pilots, who demanded similar high manoeuvrability from newer aircraft. Over the course of its service, the fighter would be refined several times with the ultimate version, the [[Ki-10-II]], appearing in 1937.

The Ki-10 saw service against Chinese air forces in the early stages of the Second Sino-Japanese War and against Soviet air forces during the battles of Khalkhin Gol (where it historically outperformed the Soviet [[I-15 M-22|I-15]]). It formed the backbone of the IJAAF fighter forces until 1940, but it was considered obsolete by Western military experts as early as 1938. By the start of the Pacific War, the Ki-10 had been regulated to training and courier roles, and received the Allied reporting name "Perry".

There are no known incidents where the Ki-10 engaged American- or British-crewed aircraft, though the Japanese fighter did fight Chinese National [[P-26A-33|P-26s]], and may have engaged British-built [[Gladiator Mk II|Gladiators]], Italian [[CR.32]]s, and Soviet [[I-15bis|I-15s]], all crewed by Chinese pilots, during the early battles of the war.

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
Kawasaki Ki-10-I (Type 95-I, Allied reporting name: Perry) single-engine army fighter

A biplane of composite structure with non-retractable landing gear and an open cockpit. This plane was created in the design bureau of Kawasaki Heavy Industries under the direction of Takeo Doi. While the new fighter was being designed, experience and structural solutions were used from the Ki-5 monoplane fighter developed earlier.

The designers, headed by Takeo Doi, managed to create quite a successful aircraft with good flight performance. The Type 95 fighter got off the ground for the first time in February 1935, and it reached a maximum speed of 400 km/h during tests. At the time, this was probably the fastest speed attainable by a biplane.

The aircraft was launched into full-scale production under the designation of "Army Fighter Type 95 Model 1" (Ki-10-I). A total of 300 fighters of this variant were supplied by the Kawasaki company from December 1935 to October 1937.

The aircraft was equipped with a 850 hp Kawasaki Ha-9-IIa twelve-cylinder, double-row, liquid-cooled engine that featured a gear-driven centrifugal-type supercharger and a three-bladed, controllable-pitch metal propeller. The engine itself was a licensed version of the German BMW9.

The Ki-10's fuselage was a semi-monocoque with stressed duralumin skin panels overlapping each other. This technology made assembly easier, but the joints had to be puttied and covered with a thick layer of paint and lacquer to reduce friction resistance. As a result, the external finish was so thick that one could not see any of the duralumin sheets' joints, even when standing quite close.

All of these machines were produced with drop-shaped wheel fairings, but these were usually removed when the plane was operated on temporary airfields.

The plane's armament consisted of two synchronous 7.7 mm Type 89 (Vickers system, heavily upgraded) machine guns with 450 rounds each. These guns were mounted over the engine. The trigger button was placed in a very original location, not on the aircraft control stick but on the throttle.

The aircraft's instrumentation and on-board navigation lights enabled the Ki-10 to perform night flights. Provision was made for the installation of an oxygen apparatus. Command vehicles were equipped with radio sets. Externally, these fighters could be identified by the radio antennas mounted over their biplane cellules.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ki_10_1_commander Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|PrqqMtZin1U|'''The Shooting Range #48''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:36 discusses the Ki-10.}}

== See also ==


;[[Ki-10 (Family)|Related development]]

* [[Ki-10-I]]
* [[Ki-10-II]]
* [[Ki-10-II C|Ki-10-II Commander]] - Command plane of the 77th Sentai

;Planes of comparable role, configuration and era

* [[He 51 (Family)|He 51]]
* [[I-15 (Family)|I-15]]
* [[Fury (Disambiguation)#Rank I - Aircraft|Fury]]
* [[CR.32 (Family)|CR.32]]
* [[D.37 (Family)|D.371]]

== External links ==


* [http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/weapons_kawasaki_ki-10.html <nowiki>[HistoryOfWar.org]</nowiki> Kawasaki Ki-10 'Perry']
* [http://surfcity.kund.dalnet.se/kawasaki_ki-10.htm <nowiki>[Håkans aviation page]</nowiki> Ki-10]
* [[wikipedia:Kawasaki_Ki-10|[Wikipedia] Kawasaki Ki-10]]

{{AirManufacturer Kawasaki}}
{{Japan fighters}}

A6M6c

2023-09-14T02:12:49Z

U153435799: /* External links */

{{About
| about = Japanese fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = A6M (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=a6m6c
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
|market=id50144_a6m6c_japan
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Red Skies"]] as a reward for [[Battle Pass: Season IV, "Fearless Voltigeur"]].

The A6M6 mod. 53 was a prototype on the [[A6M5 Hei|A6M5 mod. 52C (Hei)]] developed to carry the Sakae 31a engine, featuring a water-methanol engine boost which slightly improves engine power but during testing proved unsatisfactory due to the unreliability of the prototype engine. It also includes fuel tanks that were made self-sealing.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


With the new Sakae 31a engine, the A6M6c has a water-methanol injection that makes the engine less vulnerable to overheating under WEP. The main flaw of this engine is that once the water-methanol mixture runs out, WEP cannot be utilized anymore. The [[B7A2]] also shares this similar flaw with the A6M6c. The WEP lasts for a total of 8 minutes, so it's recommended to conserve it once cruising altitude is reached. Saving a few minutes of WEP for a dogfight can make a vital difference in combat effectiveness. In total, the WEP setting adds 136 additional horsepower compared to 100% throttle setting.

The general flight performance of this Zero will match the traditional expectations. It is relatively light and nimble, it has an excellent turn rate, and it has great low altitude performance. However, when compared with other late war zeros such as the [[A6M5]] [[A6M5 Ko|Ko]]/[[A6M5 otsu|Otsu]], it feels much heavier and more sluggish. It also has a rather poor rate of climb. It behaves similarly to the [[A6M5 Hei]], and if the pilot is familiar with the Hei, the pilot can master the A6M6.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,400 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 522 || 506 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 20.9 || 21.7 || 7.8 || 7.8 || rowspan="2" | 350
|-
! Upgraded
| 566 || 543 || 19.1 || 20.0 || 14.4 || 10.7
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 740  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 398 || 369 || 220 || ~14 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 280 || < 420 || < 410 || > 336
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The A6M6c boasts pilot armour, armoured glass, and self-sealing fuel tanks, elements missing on earlier models of the A6M. It has increased survivability because of these bonus features. However, it isn't as tough as a P-51, as it is still a Zero, and the wings are vulnerable to incendiary rounds. The armour will save you, but you should not rely on it as your primary advantage.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Type 99 Model 2 (20 mm)|Type 3 (13.2 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm Type 99 Model 2 cannons, wing-mounted (125 rpg = 250 total)
* 1 x 13.2 mm Type 3 machine gun, nose-mounted (230 rpg)
* 2 x 13.2 mm Type 3 machine guns, wing-mounted (240 rpg = 480 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|Navy Type 97 Number 6 (60 kg)|Navy Type Number 25 Model 2 (250 kg)|Type 3 No.1 Mod.28 Mk.1|Type 3 No.6 Mod.27 Mk.1}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 60 kg Navy Type 97 Number 6 bombs (120 kg total)
* 1 x 250 kg Navy Type Number 25 Model 2 bomb (250 kg total)
* 10 x Type 3 No.1 Mod.28 Mk.1 rockets
* 2 x Type 3 No.6 Mod.27 Mk.1 rockets

== Usage in battles ==


To master the A6M6c in the air, the pilot needs to channel all of the Zero's strengths and exploit them against the enemy. The primary goal is to set up a turning engagement and open fire roughly 300 m from the target in a turn. The Zero is vulnerable to energy fighting tactics, so it isn't recommended to boom and zoom, as the Zero isn't a fast aircraft. As the A6M6c has a poor climb rate, it is recommended to side climb slightly and engage targets that are low in energy and altitude. While side climbing, the most optimal angle to do so is at 20° maximum. This will allow you to climb without stalling your engines. When attacking bombers, your fighter cannot take much punishment so make sure to only pick targets that you can kill easily. An experienced bomber gunner can obliterate you out of the sky due to how relatively frail the Zero's airframe is.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

The Zero's manual engine controls are simple to learn. The propeller pitch should be kept at 95% at all times. The radiators both should be kept between 5 and 15% depending if you are on a hot or cold map. The second supercharger gear should be activated at 3,500 m and above. The Mixture can be kept at 60% percent for all altitudes.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful armament with good ammo count, the 13 mm MGs are effective
* Retains some of the famous manoeuvrability of the A6M series, makes for a capable dogfighter
* Has some armour, combined with better guns it makes the plane capable for bomber hunting
* Can carry effective rockets
* Stronger WEP than earlier Zeros
* Capable of carrier landing and takeoff
* Self-sealing fuel tanks increase the survivability

'''Cons:'''

* Heavier than other zeros, does not handle as well
* Mediocre climb rate, needs to side climb in order to gain altitude
* Vulnerable to incendiary rounds
* Very poor top speed
* Not potent at high altitude
* Limited WEP mode (only 8 minutes)

== History ==

In late 1944 into early 1945, the skies over the Pacific Ocean were ruled by US military aviation. The Japanese Empire was forced to deploy the already obsolete Zero against up-to-date Corsairs and Hellcats, because the development of new models of carrier-based fighter aircraft was delayed, and new Japanese army fighters often lacked range to win a tactical initiative. The design team of Mitsubishi did everything possible in an attempt to bring the Zero to the level of modern Allied combat aviation.

One of the latest versions of the Japanese carrier-based fighter was the Model 53 hei (A6M6c), developed after the design of the previous version, the A6M5 hei. Efforts to strengthen the structure and increase firepower were also traced in the new model: the A6M6c, like its predecessor, was armed with a pair of automatic cannons and three high-caliber machine guns, and also had protected wing tanks. In addition, this modification was supposed to install a new Nakajima Sakae 31 engine with a water-methanol injection system. As tests showed, the promising afterburner proved to be very unreliable in operation, so only a few A6M6c units were produced - one prototype at the Mitsubishi plant and several units of the testing batch at the Nakajima plant.

-From [[wt:en/news/7247-development-battle-pass-vehicles-a6m6c-en|Devblog]]

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=a6m6c Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|477cgrAHIQg|'''Battle Pass "Fearless Voltigeur"''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 03:23 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7247-development-battle-pass-vehicles-a6m6c-en|[Devblog] Battle Pass vehicles: A6M6c]]
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitsubishi_A6M_Zero#A6M6_Type_0_Model_53

{{AirManufacturer Mitsubishi}}
{{Japan fighters}}
{{Japan premium aircraft}}

Dark Aggressor TD

2023-09-13T12:12:49Z

U153435799: /* External links */

{{About
| about = gift British motor gun boat '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the regular version
| link = Dark Aggressor
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_dark_class_mtb_td
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} British motor torpedo boat {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "New Power"]] as a [[wt:en/news/6968-more-twitch-drops-en|reward for watching War Thunder streams on Twitch.tv]] along with a unique skin for the vehicle.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}


Dark Aggressor has the following armour layout:

* Hull: 40 mm, wood
* Superstructure: 15 mm, wood

Dark Aggressor has no armour at all, lacking even a gun shield for the main cannon. Right beneath the gun are also two large ammunition racks. These cannot be removed unless all ammo for the main gun is emptied. Altogether, with a crew complement of only 15, Dark Aggressor's survivability is low.

On top of this, being a small boat, she can be hull-broken by any gun with a diameter above 4 inches (102 mm). At Dark Aggressor's battle rating, there are three guns capable of hull-break: the [[8cwt QF Mk I (114 mm)]] (found on {{Specs-Link|uk_dark_class}}), the [[10.5 cm SK C/32 (105 mm)|10.5 cm SK C/32]] (found on {{Specs-Link|germ_artilleriefahrprahm_typ_d3}}), and the [[120 mm/45 Type 3 (120 mm)|120 mm/45 Type 3]] (found on {{Specs-Link|jp_escort_hiburi_class_syonan}}). Luckily for Dark Aggressor, though, the first two are quite rare to see and are mounted on vehicles that are easily knocked out themselves, and the third is a rather bad cannon that most players don't even use. This makes hull-breaks fairly rare.

All things considered, aside from the ammunition racks in the bow, Dark Aggressor's survivability is more or less average. Low survivability and the ability to be hull-broken are the norms for most boats at this battle rating, and really shouldn't be looked at as a disadvantage on the part of Dark Aggressor.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="6" | '''Mobility Characteristics'''
|-
! rowspan="2" | Game Mode
! rowspan="2" | Upgrade Status
! colspan="2" | Maximum Speed (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Turn Time (s)|Time needed to complete a 360° turn at maximum speed}}
! rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Turn Radius (m)|At maximum speed}}
|-
! rowspan="1" | Forward
! rowspan="1" | Reverse
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|AB|Arcade Battles}}
| {{Annotation|Stock|All modifications removed}} || 73 || 27 || ~26.18 || ~43.98
|-
| {{Annotation|Upgraded|All modifications installed}} || 100 || 37 || ~17.38 || ~27.66
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|RB|Realistic Battles}}/{{Annotation|SB|Simulator Battles}}
| {{Annotation|Stock|All modifications removed}} || 64 || 24 || ~29.02 || ~50.04
|-
| {{Annotation|Upgraded|All modifications installed}} || 74 || 27 || ~23.83 || ~40.03
|-
|}

Dark Aggressor's maximum speeds, mobility, acceleration, and stopping are all average, not too much better or worse than any of the other fast motor torpedo boats or motor gun boats around her battle rating.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|QF Mark VII (40 mm)}}

In her primary armament group, Dark Aggressor has a single 40 mm QF Mark VII in a single mount just in front of the bridge. It has 1,500 rounds of ammunition available for it. It can traverse horizontally at a rate of 40°/s and vertically at a rate of 34°/s. The gun has a magazine capacity of 4 rounds and has a rate of fire of 160 rounds/min. With a stock crew, the gun can be reloaded in 0.49 seconds; with an aced crew, it can be reloaded in 0.38 seconds. Firing the gun for too long will cause it to jam. Its maximum range against surface targets is roughly 3.25 km.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="2" | '''Guidance for the Secondary Gun Turret'''
|-
! Horizontal !! Vertical
|-
| ±180° || -10°/+89°
|-
|}

There are three ammunition options available:

* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}
* '''40 mm HE clips:''' {{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}
* '''40 mm AP clips:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}

{{:QF Mark VII (40 mm)/Ammunition|HEFI-T, AP-T}}

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|Mk.VIII (533 mm)|Mk.VII depth charge}}

Dark Aggressor has four torpedo tubes, two on each side, and can carry a total of four 533 mm Mk.VIII torpedoes. The torpedo tubes are pointed forwards, but are angled outwards on each side. They are fixed, requiring the boat to be turned in order to aim them.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="9" | '''Torpedo Characteristics'''
|-
! Torpedo Mode !! Mass (kg) !! Maximum speed in water (km/h) !! Travel distance (km) !! Depth stroke (m) !! Arming distance (m) !! Explosive type !! Explosive mass (kg) !! TNT equivalent (kg)
|-
| {{Annotation|No|'Torpedo Mode' modification uninstalled}} || 1566 || 84 || 4.57 || 1 || 50 || TNT || 327 || 327
|-
| {{Annotation|Yes|'Torpedo Mode' modification installed}} || 1566 || 76 || 6.40 || 1 || 50 || TNT || 327 || 327
|}

The Dark Aggressor can carry two Mk.VII depth charges mounted on the aft, one on each side facing outwards. The depth charges drop one-at-a-time in the following order (see the image):

# Starboard side
# Port side

Before spawning, the detonation time delay can be set anywhere between 3 seconds and 10 seconds.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Mass (kg)
! Explosive Type
! Explosive Mass (kg)
! TNT Equivalent (kg)
|-
| 196 || TNT || 130 || 130
|}

== Usage in battles ==


;Ammunition Choices

The best ammunition choice is 40 mm HE clips because it has the highest ratio of HE rounds to AP rounds, which means it has the highest effectiveness against both aircraft and surface targets. The 40 mm HE clips should be the primary ammunition type used, but several 40 mm AP clips should also be taken into battle for use against certain armoured targets and against enemies sailing directly bow-in. In the latter case, HE rounds will detonate on a possibly already-destroyed bow compartment, leaving the rest of the vessel unharmed. AP rounds will pass through the bow compartment and deal damage to the rear of the vessel.

From arcade battle experience, AP rounds are more versatile in battle and are the better choice in most situations, especially when engaging surface targets of similar size within tier 2 and always try to resolve direct fights as quickly as possible (either by winning or disengaging as quickly as possible). This boat is best used when outranging, flanking or ambushing the opposition given the facts it possesses poor armour, but the gun can sustain long periods of continued fire therefore, strafing targets is encouraged.

;Torpedoes

The 18-inch Mk.XII is fairly average in terms of maximum speed and range, but it has a very low TNT equivalence compared to other torpedoes at this tier. Still, a hit with the Mk.XII torpedo on any boat at this tier is more than enough to destroy it. Otherwise, this is torpedo is unnoteworthy.

The Torpedo Mode modification should always be installed. The higher maximum speed is much more valuable against the fast-moving boats of tier I and II, and the maps are small enough that the reduction to the maximum range doesn't really matter.

;Depth Charges

Being anti-submarine weapons and with the present lack of submarines in the game, there is practically no reason to use them. While they can be used against surface targets, this is extremely situational. Sailing up right next to a slower target and dropping a depth charge can lead to some success, though again, this is very situational. If attempting this, remember the order in which the depth charges drop and that there is no reason to use any depth charge activation time setting above the minimum 3 seconds, since higher delay times means the depth charge will sink further, and thus away, from the target. Again, it should be reiterated that this is very situational.

There is no practical reason to take them into battle, since, if they're not dropped, they essentially become unarmoured ammo racks.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 40 mm QF Mark VII: powerful HE rounds, very high-penetration AP rounds (80 mm)
* Very quick reload, practically continuous fire
* Can outrange most enemies

'''Cons:'''

* 40 mm QF Mark VII cannot fire directly backwards and takes a long time to cool
* Main armament easily knocked out
* No secondary or AA guns
* Two large ammo racks below the forward gun, cannot be removed

== History ==

{{:Dark_Aggressor/History}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_dark_class_mtb_td Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


* {{Specs-Link|uk_dark_class}}
* {{Specs-Link|uk_brave_borderer}}

== External links ==

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark-class_patrol_boat#Ships

{{Twitch Drops}}
{{Britain boats}}

4 inch/45 Mark XVI (102 mm)

2023-09-13T12:07:53Z

U153435799: /* External links */

== Description ==
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===


{{Navigation-Start|Vehicles equipped with this weapon}}

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Gunboats'''}}{{Specs-Link|uk_frigate_river}}

{{Navigation-Line|'''Destroyers'''}}{{Specs-Link|uk_destroyer_haida}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|uk_destroyer_hunt_4series}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|uk_destroyer_hunt_2series}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|uk_destroyer_tribal}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|uk_destroyer_v_class_vega}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|uk_destroyer_v_class_verdun}}

{{Navigation-Line|'''Light cruisers'''}}{{Specs-Link|uk_minelayer_abdiel_class_abdiel}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|uk_cruiser_leander}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|uk_cruiser_arethusa}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|uk_cruiser_belfast}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|uk_cruiser_liverpool}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|uk_cruiser_southampton}}

{{Navigation-Line|'''Heavy cruisers'''}}{{Specs-Link|uk_cruiser_london}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|uk_cruiser_norfolk}}

{{Navigation-Line|'''Battlecruisers'''}}{{Specs-Link|uk_battlecruiser_hood}}

{{Navigation-End}}

== General info ==
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''

=== Available ammunition ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 1,000 m !! 2,500 m !! 5,000 m !! 7,500 m !! 10,000 m !! 15,000 m
|-
| 4 inch HE || HE || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20
|-
| 4 inch SAP || SAP || 102 || 85 || 64 || 48 || 38 || 30
|-
| 4 inch HE-TF || HE-TF || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20
|-
| 4 inch HE-VT || HE-VT || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20 || 20
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (s)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 4 inch HE || HE || 811 || 15.88 || 0 || 0.1 || 1,550 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 4 inch SAP || SAP || 811 || 17.35 || 0.015 || 5 || 600 || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| 4 inch HE-TF || HE-TF || 811 || 15.88 || 0 || 0.1 || 1,550 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="12" | Proximity-fused shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Arming distance (m)
! rowspan="2" | Trigger radius (m)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 4 inch HE-VT || HE-VT || 811 || 15.88 || 0 || 0.1 || 274 || 18 || 1,550 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

=== Comparison with analogues ===
''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.''

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QF_4-inch_naval_gun_Mk_XVI

{{Britain naval cannons}}

[[Category:Naval cannons]]

Tetrarch I

2023-09-12T13:26:54Z

U153435799: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_a17_mk_1_tetrarch
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (or just '''Tetrarch''') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.55 "Royal Armour"]] along with the initial British ground tree. A light tank with a [[Ordnance QF 2-pounder (40 mm)|2-pounder]], it fits the British light line of a fast tank with a powerful gun but weak armour.

The Tetrarch plays like any other Rank I vehicle in the game. Zip around with high speed to the destination and get a first shot off on the enemy tank (preferably the gunner). The 2-pounder can penetrate most enemy tanks at close range and the 40 mm shells can cause a decent amount of shrapnel that can damage most of the internals at the area of the penetration. The mobility is great with the adequate horsepower to propel the 7 ton tank around. The armour is barely adequate for Rank I, with its flat surfaces encouraging penetration with the cramped interiors making one-hit destruction a worrying situation for the Tetrarch.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The armour of the Tetrarch I is of a typical light tank style. Topping at 16 mm on the front of the hull and turret, its frontal armour is insufficient to stop heavy MG bullets. It can only resist rifle-calibre MG bullets or shrapnel, which significantly decreases its protection in any engagements. The side and rear armour is worse, at 14 and 10 mm respectively. This means that even rifle-calibre MG have a chance of penetrating it when close enough. Thus you should avoid absolutely every vehicle, including the seemingly harmless ones like [[GAZ-AAA (4M)]]. The roof thickness of 4 to 7 mm is also not enough to stop aircraft bullets from above. Overall the armour values of the Tetrarch I is very poor and should never be relied upon.

Given the thin armour, any penetrating rounds will easily damage the interior. The 3 crew members of the Tetrarch are very closely packed, and can be knocked out easily by a frontal penetration, regardless of whether the round has explosive fillers. The thin armour also means that the crew is vulnerable to overpressure damage. Vehicles like the Ho-Ro or even the M8 HMC can trigger a devastating overpressure easily.

The Tetrarch I does get 2 smoke grenades which can be used to create chances for escape.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 16 mm (15°) ''Driver's port'' 16 mm (2°) ''Front plate'' 10 mm (72°) ''Front glacis'' 16 mm (19-43°) ''Lower glacis'' || 14 mm (0-1°) || 10 mm (22-51°) || 7 mm (79-88°)
|-
| Turret || 14 mm (18°) ''Turret front'' 16 mm (10-80°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 14 mm (13-15°) || 10 mm (2°) || 4 mm
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 15 mm thick.
* A little glimpse of the 4 mm roof can be seen from the front. A well placed HE round will penetrate and result in a knock-out.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

The Tetrarch I makes up for its lack of protection with a wonderful mobility. It is quite a light tank and has a 165 hp engine powering it, giving it a rather high power-to-weight ratio, meaning great acceleration across all types of terrains. It can reach its top speed of ~65 km/h quite quickly on hard surfaces like concrete road or grass plain. The off-road speed is also not disappointing, being around ~40 km/h on mountainous terrains. The brakes are effective too and can stop the vehicle properly at high speed. With this speed, the Tetrarch can get to crucial locations very quickly at the start of the match alongisde other fast vehicles from both teams, which is beneficial to cap a point and/or set up ambushes on a chokepoint.

However, just like most of the WW2 tanks, the Tetrarch suffers from a slow reverse speed of only -7 km/h, which will not be able to reverse you out of danger in time. Its hull traverse also feels "sticky", both turning on the move and when stationary will be quite slow when comparing to light tanks like the BT-5. This and the slow reverse prevent the Tetrarch I from manoeuvring freely in confined environments like urban maps, limiting its mobility.

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=256|rbMinHp=146}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

* The "Parts" and "FPE" modifications are important, even if this tank has poor survivability.
* Since the turret traverse is dangerously slow for a light tank, one might want to research the "Horizontal Drive" first to get that extra few degrees of rotation.
* Then, unlocking "Tracks" can give you a little bit smoother hull traverse.
* The rest depends on your choice: if you want a gorilla warfare playstyle and need to constantly be moving, then research the mobility modifications first; if you hate the solid round, research the APHE and maybe the rest of the firepower modifications too. A few good matches should get you enough XP to unlock all modifications.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|QF 2-pounder (40 mm)}}
The Tetrarch is armed with a 40 mm QF 2pdr cannon. The cannon has a fast reload rate of ~3 seconds thanks to its small calibre, allowing it to quickly fire off follow-up shots to finish an enemy. The vertical gun traverse is excellent: -15° gun depression and +25° elevation, meaning it can fit almost any hilly terrain with ease.

It also has access to a shoulder stabiliser that works when the tank is under ~7 km/h, which can be a huge advantage in allowing the Tetrarch to target and fire first. You can use the "battle" cruise gear to drive at this speed. Although lots of early war tanks also has this device which counters your advantage to some extent, it is still a nice addition to have on the battlefield.

The gunsight zoom of 3.5x is average in this era, so the Tetrarch can only view targets at medium to close ranges clearly. Long range targeting is still doable, though much harder and you usually have to squint.

The biggest drawback of the Tetrarch I's firepower is the painful turret traverse. Rotating at ~5°/s, this speed is far from enough to allow the Tetrarch to respond to surprise attacks in time. Usually you will have to traverse the entire tank to compensate for the slow turret rotation, but the hull traverse is also not fantastic. If you know the general directions of enemies, it is better to rotate the turret to those directions before targets even appear, to avoid not having enough time to get your gun on them. The substandard turret rotation also makes engagements with fast vehicles (e.g. [[BT-5]], [[AS 42]], etc) very dangerous as the Tetrarch will almost certainly struggle to keep up with those fast moving targets.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[QF 2-pounder (40 mm)|40 mm QF 2-pounder]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 50 || rowspan="2" | -15°/+25° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Shoulder|up to 10 km/h}} || 6.7 || 9.2 || 11.2 || 12.4 || 13.2 || rowspan="2" | 3.64 || rowspan="2" | 3.22 || rowspan="2" | 2.97 || rowspan="2" | 2.80
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 4.2 || 4.9 || 6.0 || 6.6 || 7.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* The default round is the Shot Mk.1 AP/T. This shell has a maximum penetration of 72 mm which is generally enough to frontally penetrate most if not all tanks at this BR. The trajectory is average. Its post-penetration effect is mediocre since it is a solid round, and it might only knock out tanks that are very cramped with a single shot, like the BT series, the M22, etc. For large targets like the LVT, this shot will struggle a lot. You might even have to target the crew members one by one.
* The researchable Shot Mk.IXB APCBC/T has the highest penetration, at a maximum of 89 mm. This makes it useful against heavy opponents like the B1 if you take the Tetrarch to a higher BR. The shell can only penetrate effectively with minimum or no angling from the target armour plate, any slopes tend to result in non-penetrations or ricochets.
* The researchable Shell Mk.1 AP/T is perhaps the best choice, since it has an explosive filler. Its maximum penetration of 66 mm is adequate to frontally penetrate all light and medium vehicle within common combat range (0-600 m), and the explosive filler can do a great job at knocking out most if not all crew within the enemy vehicle. However against better armoured tanks (e.g. [[Ka-Chi]]) or large tanks (e.g. [[LVT(A)(1)|LVT(A)]]) the shell will start losing effectiveness and will not be able to take them out with a single shot or even effectively penetrate them.
* The Shot Mk.1 APHV/T is an average ammunition, with alright penetration. Its only advantage is the faster velocity, at 853 m/s. This makes it a little better at shooting moving targets.

{{:QF 2-pounder (40 mm)/Ammunition|Shot Mk.1 AP/T, Shot Mk.IXB APCBC/T, Shot Mk.1 APHV/T, Shell Mk.1 AP/T}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''50''' || 38 ''(+12)'' || 25 ''(+25)'' || 13 ''(+37)'' || 1 ''(+49)'' || No
|-
|}

==== [[Optics]] ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="3" | {{PAGENAME}} Optics
|-
!
! Default magnification
! Maximum magnification
|-
! Main Gun optics
| x1.8 || x3.5
|-
! Comparable optics
| colspan="2" | [[AMR.35 ZT3]]
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|BESA (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[BESA (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm BESA]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 2,025 (225) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

This tank is all about mobility: it can nearly go anywhere fast, surprising the enemy. Being one of the smallest vehicles in game, the Tetrarch will be able to roll through the thinnest passages at high speed. Its short hull enables it to cross hilly woods and rocky ground without ditching. On gear 1, it can climb any hill, as long as it sticks to the ground, thus reaching advantageous spots from where it can snipe using its good gun depression, showing only its tiny turret. Although, it is recommended to change position often since anyone knowing where the Tetrarch is can pin it down easily (remember that the Tetrarch only have 3 crew members and thin armour). Consider flanking with this vehicle since it has such a good speed but beware the Tetrarch's slow turret slewing rate, so pre-aim the cannon in the expected direction of the enemy.

Target isolated enemies since the 2-pounder gun does not have significant post-penetration damage. Shoot the gunner first to disable it from returning fire, then, stop it from moving by shooting the driver, engine or transmission. Et voilà ! then, disable every crewmen one by one. Make sure to shoot at the gunner's and driver's position every 3-4 shots since it takes roughly 15 seconds to replace them.

Use the Tetrarch's awesome off-road mobility and climbing to get into an unusual position behind enemy lines, fire a few shot and disappear in the shadows. If the Tetrarch gets spotted before finishing an enemy, flee: staying alive is more important than destroying someone, finish the enemy off later, when they have forgotten about the Tetrarch's presence.

Otherwise, anyone playing the Tetrarch should get back behind friendly lines if two or more enemies are approaching since its cannon can only take down enemies one by one, patiently shooting down each crewman.

=== Enemies worth noting: ===
As with any tank equipped with the [[Ordnance QF 2-pounder (40 mm)|QF 2-pounder]], little post-penetration damage makes large and crowded tanks a nightmare, thus, [[LVT(A)(1)]], [[T-28]] and the less common [[T-35]] should be avoided, although the Tetrarch's APHE shell can be rather quite effective against these vehicles. The fast rate of fire is also helpful to pinpoint their crew members one by one.

* [[M3 Stuart (Family)|M3]]/[[M5 Stuart (Family)|M5]]: the Stuart series light tank have equally fast top speed both on road and off road, meaning they can rush a cap point or relocate just as swiftly as you can. They also have way faster turret traverse, allowing them to deal with close quarter combat much more efficiently, making them deadlier. Although their gun calibre is smaller at 37 mm, they can still cripple or knock you out with a single shot due to your cramped crew. They have a bouncy upper hull glacis and a sturdy gun mantlet, so avoid shooting there. Your APHE shell can frontally penetrate and cripple or knock them out in return. Try using your stabiliser to shoot first.
* [[AS 42]]: this is a small and fast Italian SPAA car armed with a 20 mm autocannon. The gun has no problem piercing your thin armour from any angle, and the fast rate of fire means that it can quickly wipe out all your crew. Since it is small and fast, it can be challenging to target it given the Tetrarch I's extremely poor turret rotation. Rotate the hull to aim faster, and spray MG bullets towards it between reloads.
* [[Ka-Chi]]: this amphibious Japanese tank can be quite strong. It has 50 mm frontal armour which can defeat most of the Tetrarch I's rounds when at a distance and/or angling. It also has spaced armour on the hull sides, and most noticeably the additional floaters at the hull front and back. The floaters will act as very effective spaced armour, absorbing HEAT, HE and even kinetic rounds. The Ka-Chi has 7 crew spread out inside, meaning it is pretty impossible to one-shot it using APHE. It is not advised to engage it from a distance, since the hull is quite thick especially with the floaters. To avoid the large hull and target the weaker turret it is best to get close, preferably within 400 m. The Tetrarch I's APHE can easily take out the Ka-Chi's turret crew. Only shoot when it is distracted or reloading though, as its 47 mm APHE can undoubtedly penetrate and knock out all 3 crew members in the Tetrarch at any range and angle.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful gun with piercing shells and fast reload
* Awesome mobility: high top speed, great acceleration, and good climbing ability
* Vertical [[Gun stabilizer|stabilizer]] available for the 2-pounder, an advantage in CQC
* Small profile, is harder to get spotted and hit
* Large gun depression of -15 degrees
* High speed makes it easy to dodge attacks

'''Cons:'''

* Rather slow turret traverse
* High speed often makes the vehicle hard to control
* Low survivability: incredibly thin armour, low crew count, and is vulnerable to overpressure or even ramming damage
* Only reaches max speed when going down a slope
* Does not have good post-penetration damage, often requiring follow-up shots to finish off the enemy
* High shell dispersion at longer ranges
* Short hull, has difficulty crossing ditches/trenches

== History ==

===Development===
Development for this tank started in 1937 by Vickers-Armstrongs privately as the '''Light Tank Mk VII''' and nicknamed the ''Purdah''.<ref name="ImagesOfWarBritishWW2Tanks">Pat Ware. ''Images Of War: British Tank: The Second World War'' Great Britain: Pen & Sword Military, 2011</ref>. The intention was for the tank to be sold to either the British Army or foreign countries as the latest light tank of the company. Its predecessor, the ''Mk VIB Light Tank'', was considered insufficient in firepower, armed with only machine guns. The new design would use the new 2-pounder gun along with a coaxial machine gun. The Mk VII design was finished around 1938, and the British War Office (government administrating the British Army) took up the design for trials in May 1938 that lasted until June. The trials tested the Mk VII's ability to act as a "light cruiser", but this failed as the [[A13 Mk I|A13 cruiser]] was much better at the task. Thus, it was suggested that the Mk VII be tested as a light tank instead and production to be started for the trials. During the trials, the War Office gave the Mk VII the specification number '''A17''' for identification and was put into limited production in November 1938 with a few design changes. It was initially known as the "Purdah" from its standardization date, but in September 22, 1941, the Mk VII Light Tank also received the name '''Tetrarch''' as part of an order to distinguish tanks by chosen names.

Demand for the tank fluctuated depending on the War Office demand for the tank. In July 1938, the first order came for 70 tanks, then 100, then 120 in November, then back to 70 in July 1940. This order then jumped back to 100, then finally settled on 220 after Metropolitan Cammell Carriage and Wagon, a part of Vickers-Armstrong, had enough armour plating to create that many tanks. Production was suppose to start in July 1940, but was delayed due to many factors, especially with World War II now on full swing against Germany. Light tank also soon fell out of War Office use after the poor performance they showed in the Battle of France, so military production was focused on the infantry and cruiser tanks rather than light tanks. Bombing raids by the Luftwaffe in the Blitz also disrupted the production of the tanks when the factories intended for their production were targeted. These delays due to waning military interest, the pressure of war, and enemy attacks caused only a small number of Tetrarch light tanks to be produced, with 177 units produced from 1938 to 1942.<ref name="ImagesOfWarBritishWW2Tanks" />

===Design===
The Tetrarch featured armour only about 16 mm thick and the whole design weighed about 7.6 tonnes. The vehicle moved on a eight road wheel (four on each side) suspension system and there were no other driver or idler wheel present. The engine powering the vehicle was a 165 hp Meadows Type 30 engine that can propel the vehicle up to a speed of 64 km/h. The vehicle functions on a steering mechanism and mechanical system taken from earlier Vickers tanks, the unique steering mechanism allowed for turning by bending the tracks on each side of the tank rather than by braking a set of track, but the latter was still involved when making sharper turns and low speed turns.<ref name="ImagesOfWarBritishWW2Tanks" />

However, the Tetrarch presented many faults in its design during its time with the British military. The small size of the tank only allowed a crew of three for the tank to operate, making it a very cramped and the crew overworked. Also, the Tetrarch's cooling system was faulty, enough so that the Tetrarch was an unsuitable tank for the North Africa campaign due to the hot climate at the area.

===Combat usage===
The Tetrarch was first issued in November 1940 to the 1st and 6th Armoured Division, the 1st had lost most of their equipment in the Battle of France and the 6th was a newly formed unit. While these units were sent to North Africa, the defects in the engine cooling system forced the Tetrarchs to stay behind, until they were taken out of armoured divisions due to the "light tank" concept becoming obsolete, though they were still used as training vehicles.

The Tetrarchs still saw use overseas as part of the Lend-Lease program, and 20 were supplied to the Soviet Union in 1942 to fight back the invading German Army. In the cold Russian weather, it was noted that the cooling problem was still present and the cold also caused damages to the tank's suspension and tracks. The vehicle was well-liked for its handling, manoeuvrability, and speed, plus was compatible with low-octane fuel the Soviets used in their diesel-powered tanks. The Soviets compared the Tetrarch's capabilities to their [[T-70]] light tank and employed the Tetrarch in the same roles. Some were used for training, other as propaganda purposes, and combat, with a notable event where two were assigned to the 132nd Separated Tank Battalion in September 1943. Both Tetrarchs were destroyed in combat.

Back to the British, in mid-1941, the Tetrarch was still integrated in the Royal Armoured Corps as part of tank squadrons that would be sent to overseas operations. The three Special Service Squadrons exist as "A", "B", and "C"; "A" and "B" were armed with the older Mk VI light tank and the [[Valentine Mk I|Valentine]] tank, but the "C" squadron was equipped with 12 Tetrarchs in its ranks. These squadrons were first used in Freetown, West Africa in order to ensure Spain does not enter the conflict on Germany's side, then the squadrons were withdrawn to Operation Ironclad, the invasion of Madagascar. Six Tetrarchs were deployed alongside Valentines in "B" Special Service Squadron, which took elements of "B" and "C" squadron. The invasion commenced on May 5, 1942 and "B" Squadron encountered difficulty after a Tetrarch became stuck in the beach after coming loose from a landing craft. The Tetrarch and Valentine were still able to assist the infantry after that delay, but the rocky terrain in the region made tank manoeuvring difficult. After two days of combat, the forces on the island formally surrendered, the losses experienced by the squadron were 8 tanks knocked out, with only four tanks (1 Valentine and 3 Tetrarchs) left functional.

After Operation Ironclad, the Tetrarchs were shifted in their roles to become part of the airborne forces after War Office and the Army decided that the light tanks of the day were not capable of competing against other tanks. It was in mid-1941 when the Airborne forces decided to use gliders as part of their landing equipment and the ''General Aircraft Hamilcar'' glider can carry one Tetrarch tank and its crew in the storage compartment. By 1942, the War Office had redesignated the Tetrarch as an "airborne" tank and the essential unit with the Tetrarch on hand was the "C" Squadron, converted into an independent tank unit and brought to the airborne forces in June 1942. Though intentionally in 1st Airborne Division and primed for the invasion of Sicily, not enough gliders for the Tetrarchs were available so they were left behind, the "C" squadron was transferred to 6th Airborne Division in April 1943. The squadron was expanded into a regiment by bringing in more light tanks and other reconnaissance vehicles, the regiment has at least 21 Tetrarchs on hand in its three squadrons in May 1944, some modified with a 76.2 mm howitzer for close support (CS) and others retaining the 2-pounder that has Littlejohn adaptors that increased its penetration capabilities. A consistent problem for the airborne forces was the low number of tanks available to them; with only 50 available Tetrarchs reported in December 1942, the demand could not be met, thus a new airborne tank design must be made to fill this demand, which the specifications was sent to the United States for manufacturing.

The next British operation using the Tetrarch was Operation Tonga, which was an airborne operation that took place alongside D-Day with the objective to capture two bridges over the Caen Canal and Orne River. This began in June 5, 1944 with only parachute brigades landing first to clear anti-glider obstacles on the landing zones, which then allowed the gliders to land on the next day, carrying the tanks with them. As they landed, the tank force of about twenty tanks became depleted by four tanks from glider incidents, the remaining Tetrarchs still operational were ordered to link-up with 8th Parachute Battalion to preform reconnaissance. The general notion with the Tetrarch was for it to avoid any contact with German armour as even the most typical German unit like the [[Pz.III M|Panzer III]] can destroy the Tetrarch, so the tank was relegated to infantry support. By August 1944, the majority of the Tetrarchs in the squadron were replaced with [[Cromwell V|Cromwells]] and only three Tetrarchs remained with the Headquarters troop of the Regiment.

Operation Tonga was the last World War II conflict involving the Tetrarch, and it was replaced by the [[M22|M22 Locust]] in October 1944. Though declared obsolete in January 1946, the Tetrarchs stayed with a few units like the 3rd Hussars until 1949.<ref name="ImagesOfWarBritishWW2Tanks" /> The Tetrarch in every military branch, even in training exercises, were formally removed from service by 1950.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_a17_mk_1_tetrarch Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|YuBjyMQLRy0|'''Airmobile tanks''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 0:31 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[M22]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/devblog/current/847/|[Devblog] Tetrarch Mk I]]
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light_Tank_Mk_VII_Tetrarch

===References===
<references />

{{Manufacturer Vickers-Armstrongs}}
{{Britain light tanks}}

Nimrod Mk I

2023-09-12T12:25:30Z

U153435799: /* External links */

{{About
| about = British naval fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = Nimrod Mk II
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=nimrod_mk1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,100 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 387 || 376 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 16.2 || 16.9 || 13.3 || 13.3 || rowspan="2" | 232
|-
! Upgraded
| 404 || 394 || 15.8 || 16.0 || 19.5 || 15.7
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || X || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || N/A || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 260 || < 200 || < 260 || > 200
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 609 m || 630 hp || N/A
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* No armour protection
* Self-sealing fuel tanks

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Vickers E (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 7.7 mm Vickers E machine guns, nose-mounted (600 rpg = 1,200 total)

== Usage in battles ==


The Nimrod Mk I has inadequate speed, but makes up for it with an excellent climb rate that will get it above most other biplanes. It is also a highly manoeuvrable. Being slow makes it easy prey to faster fighters, but that's where the manoeuvrability can come in play to avoid being a easy prey for superior fighters and make them bleed their energy.

Like [[Fury Mk I]], [[Fury Mk II]], and [[Nimrod Mk II]], the Nimrod Mk I is lacking in firepower, only armed with two [[Vickers E (7.7 mm)]] machine guns. Lacking in firepower doesn't mean it's useless, most aircraft at the battle rating are very lightly or not armoured at all which makes even the Vickers able to shoot down engaged aircraft with some ease, though not as efficient as [[I-15 (Family)|I-15]] with its four machine guns.

Enemies to be aware of are aircraft like [[I-15 (Family)|I-15]] and [[Ki-10 (Family)|Ki-10]] which are able to out-turn the Nimrod and in the case of the I-15 being able to outgun it. Another aircraft to be wary of is [[He 100 D-1]] being able to out-run and out-gun the Nimrod, it will mostly use its superior speed to make passes on the slower aircraft.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Highly manoeuvrable
* Efficient turn fighter
* Excellent climb rate
* Notable endurance

'''Cons:'''

* Insufficient firepower
* Inadequate speed
* Frail durability

== History ==


{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}|expand=true}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
A single-seat, carrier-borne biplane fighter of composite structure, this aircraft was created by Hawker Aircraft Ltd and based on the Hawker Fury land-based fighter. In early 1930, Hawker Aircraft Ltd built two prototypes, which initially had the unofficial name of "Norn", at their own expense. In serial production, the aircraft came to be designated the Hawker Nimrod.

In early 1931, the first Hawker Nimrod prototype was sent on the aircraft carrier HMS Eagle to Buenos Aires as part of the British Empire Trade Exhibition. The first production fighter's maiden flight took place on October 14th 1931. By 1932, Nimrod Mk.I fighters began to replace the Fairey Flycatcher in Great Britain's Fleet Air Arm squadrons, at this point still under the control of the Royal Air Force. The Nimrod first entered service with 408 Flight onboard HMS Glorious in November 1931, followed by 402, 404 and 409 Fleet Fighter Flights in 1932.

The aircraft was equipped with a 590 hp, liquid-cooled, Rolls-Royce Kestrel IIS engine.

The main external differences between it and the Hawker Fury were its strong landing gear legs with longer-stroke shock absorbers, its enlarged fin, increased wingspan and the extended area of its forward fuselage's metal skin. Flotation devices were fitted in the upper wing and the fuselage tail section to help the aircraft to remain afloat in the event of a forced landing on water. Stainless steel parts were incorporated in the wing and engine mount fittings to protect against corrosion. For carrier take off and landings, the cockpit was shifted forward slightly to improve visibility, although the first Nimrods to enter service were not equipped with an arrestor hook. Float-type landing gear could also be installed on the aircraft.

The Nimrod's armament consisted of two synchronized 0.303 inch Vickers Mk.IV machine guns with 600 rounds each mounted on the forward fuselage. The aircraft was able to carry up to 80 lb (36 kg) of bombs on underwing hardpoints; usually this was made up of four 20 lb (9 kg) bombs.

After the first Nimrods entered service, 19 of the fighters were equipped with arrester hooks, catapult fittings, and a pilot seat headrest fairing to ease catapult strain. Subsequently, some of these modifications were made to aircraft which had been produced earlier.

A total of 57 Hawker Nimrod Mk.I fighters were built.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=nimrod_mk1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawker_Nimrod

{{AirManufacturer Hawker}}
{{Britain fighters}}

Fury Mk II

2023-09-12T10:06:21Z

U153435799: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = British fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = the other version
| link-1 = Fury Mk I
| usage-2 = other uses
| link-2 = Fury (Disambiguation)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=fury_mk2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

The Hawker Fury Mk II is a slightly improved version of the Mk I, this time featuring WEP. Both of them are reserve planes for the British tree. They also have the same armament, 2 x 0.303 in (7.7 mm) Vickers Mk IV machine guns. Unlike the other Hawker reserve planes, both Furies are land-based fighters.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,100 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 381 || 367 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 16.5 || 17.0 || 12.5 || 12.5 || rowspan="2" | 232
|-
! Upgraded
| 408 || 394 || 15.8 || 16.0 || 19.9 || 15.7
|-
|}
[[File:Fury Mk2 an trn 26 001.png|350px|thumb|right|The '''{{PAGENAME}}''' with the 1st Squadron, Kenya, East Africa (1942) SAAF camouflage pattern, which can be unlocked after defeating 20 opponents with this aircraft.]]
==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || N/A || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 260 || < 200 || < 300 || > 200
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The Fury Mk II has no armour plating or bullet-proof glass. All modules are concentrated in the forwards fuselage.

* No armour protection
* Self-sealing fuel tanks

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Vickers E (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 7.7 mm Vickers E machine guns, nose-mounted (600 rpg = 1,200 total)

== Usage in battles ==

The Fury Mk II is similar to the [[Fury Mk I|Mk I]] in terms of usage, although it is slightly faster, but not by much. It has good manoeuvrability to avoid being shot at, so turning is one of its strong points, but there are still some enemy planes that will be able to out turn it. Working with your team will greatly increase the chances for survival and to score a kill during engagement.

Still lacking in firepower like its predecessor, the Mk I, the Mk II is not great at head on combat and will have greater chances engaging from the sides or above, though turning can work during some engagements. Certain enemies that can out turn the Fury you will struggle against, its better to try a new tactic like "boom and zoom" dive and use speed and energy advantages to make passes on the enemy aircraft. Most engagements will likely turn into a turn fight.

Most aircraft at 1.0 lack the armour protection to take great amount of damage, pilots are exposed so it's easier to pilot snipe or get pilot sniped by a bullet and get shot down easily. But it goes both ways for the Fury and other biplanes.

===Specific enemies worth noting===


[[Ki-10 (Family)|Ki-10]] - The Ki-10 is can easily out turn the Fury Mk II in a turning engagement. The best tactic to use against the Ki-10 is to dive on them and use boom and zoom tactics. Also, remember due to the weak engine of the Fury Mk II it is not easy to climb or maintain its energy.

[[I-15 (Family)|I-15]] - The I-15 is another opponent that the Fury Mk II will lose to in a turning engagement. When battling the I-15, the tactics of an aerial engagement against the Ki-10 maintains the same. Do not try to head on an I-15 at all costs as well, as its 4 machine guns will easily outmatch the two machine guns carried by the Fury Mk II.

[[He 100 D-1]] - The He-100 D-1 is the fastest aircraft the Fury Mk II will face, most likely will boom and zoom and make a lot of passes. With a top speed of 693 km/h(AB)/ 670(RB) makes the He-100 D-1 one of the fastest aircraft the Fury Mk II will engage. It also got three [[MG 17 (7.92 mm)]] and will out gun the Fury's two [[Vickers E (7.7 mm)]] machine guns.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Turns well for a biplane, especially in vertical manoeuvres
* Incredibly low stall speed
* Machine guns have a high rate of fire for a reserve aircraft
* Plenty of ammo
* Good speed for a biplane

'''Cons:'''

* Sluggish acceleration and climb rate (equipped with fixed-pitch prop)
* Only has two rifle-calibre machine guns that do not usually do much damage to the target
* Loses energy quite easily, mostly able to turn just once or twice
* Not very beginner-friendly due to its flying characteristics
* Engine tends to overheat, especially so on hot maps (RB/SB)
* No armour, open cockpit
* Prone to wing breaking in a shallow dive (RB/SB)

== History ==

The Hawker Fury (Mk I) entered service in 1931 and was the first RAF fighter to exceed 200 mph (320 km/h) in level flight. The Mark II was even faster and both types of Furies remained in service with various air forces right up to the start of WWII.

A special version fitted with a Bristol radial engine was built for Iran/Persia, but most 'normal' Furies had a Rolls-Royce Kestrel of 525 hp or 640 hp.

Many other versions of the Hawker Fury were made, including the Yugoslav, Persian, Norwegian, Portuguese and Spanish Furies.

The Fury was armed with 2 x 7.7 mm machine guns.

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{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
Hawker Aircraft Ltd failed to receive an order for the Fury Mk.I in the amount they had expected, so work to improve the fighter continued in the hopes of expanding production.

The company intended to install a new Rolls-Royce Goshawk engine on the aircraft; however, due to the engine's protracted fine-tuning phase, an improved 640 hp Rolls-Royce Kestrel VI twelve-cylinder engine was fitted on the aircraft instead. These new fighters equipped with this engine were designated Fury Mk.II.

Externally, the Fury Mk.II differed from the previous variant mainly in its landing gear wheel fairings, which were more streamlined. Other external differences included additional stabilizer braces and a small air intake on the lower section of the forward fuselage. Fury Mk.IIs made towards the end of production had a wheel instead of a tail skid.

The fuel tank's capacity was increased; however, the additional weight and different powerplant's consumption resulted in the Mk.II having a shorter range.

The first production Fury Mk.II entered service with No. 25 Squadron in early 1937. A total of 98 Fury Mk.II aircraft were built in two series, after which Hawker Aircraft Ltd switched focus to the mass production of the Hurricane fighter.

Fury fighters attracted the attention of foreign customers and were built to be exported to the Air Forces of Spain, Norway, Iran (Persia), Portugal, the Union of South Africa, and Yugoslavia.

Furies took part in combat operations in the Spanish Civil War in 1937. In Great Britain, the aircraft was withdrawn from service with operational RAF squadrons in 1939, but remained in service with flying schools as a trainer until 1944. South African squadrons flew Furies against the Italians in East Africa in 1940; the small contingent of Furies in service with Yugoslavia fought the German invasion in April 1941 and were almost completely destroyed. In Iran, Fury fighters were in service until late 1942.

Nearly 300 Hawker Furies of all variants were built. Whilst obsolete as a fighter by the outbreak of the Second World War, those Furies which did oppose modern aircraft were operated with great skill and bravery, scoring some successes despite their antiquity. Many design aspects of the Fury would help form the basis of the Hawker Hurricane.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=fury_mk2 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawker_Fury

{{AirManufacturer Hawker}}
{{Britain fighters}}