War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

Type 130-2

2024-03-27T10:48:17Z

U143657252: Added a general guide on how to use this rocket

== Description ==
[[File:WeaponImage Type 130-2.png|thumb|left|420px|The Type 130-2 rocket (scale is approximate)]]
{{Break}}
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===


* {{Specs-Link|a_5c}}
* {{Specs-Link|j_7d}}
* {{Specs-Link|j_7e}}
* {{Specs-Link|jh_7a}}
* {{Specs-Link|q_5a}}
* {{Specs-Link|q_5l}}

== General info ==
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the rocket.''

=== Effective damage ===
''Describe the type of damage produced by this type of rocket (high explosive, splash damage, etc)''

=== Comparison with analogues ===
''Give a comparative description of rockets that have firepower equal to this weapon.''

== Usage in battles ==
The Type 130-2 can be used in multiple roles, but is most effective against bases and ground vehicles. It is essential that you aim accurately if you want to take out heavily armoured vehicles, but you can be a bit more lenient with your aiim if you are attempting to take out lightly armoured targets such as SPGs and SPAAs. You can also use this rocket against bases, although this should only be done if a base has very low health or you are using it in conjunction with bombs.

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the article about the variant of the weapon;''
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Rockets}}

[[Category:Suspended armaments]]

P-38L-1 (China)

2024-03-27T10:15:24Z

U143657252: Fixed minor grammar error

{{About
| about = Chinese fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other variants
| link = P-38 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=p-38l_1_china_rocaf
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''', dubbed by Chinese soldiers or locals as the 雙身機 (Double-body aircraft), represented the P-38L used by 14th Air Force albeit painted in Nationalist delivery (which in fact flew the recon version, F-5E instead of the combat variants; most of the resources suggested that Lightnings were first painted in Nationalist delivery, then modified to unarmed F-4 and F-5E recon planes). The P-38 series have already been the nightmare of Imperial Japanese forces since their introduction thanks its unique design, large combat-radius and devastating firepower; it was also the very aircraft that got Isoroku Yamamoto alongside with his officers in 1943. Some P-38s from USAAF were then transferred to bases in China to escort bombers for bombing runs to the Japanese-occupied Taiwan, as well as credited as the recon which helped the delivery of the only two A-bombs ever deployed in combat history. By the time near the Korean war, a Nationalist pilot hinted the existence of Soviet and Chinese [[MiG-15 (Family)|MiG-15]] by 1950 at the cost of his life; after the shot-down, ROCAF soon phrased-out the P-38 series and replaced them with US-aid jet aircrafts by 1953.

It was introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]] as one of the Chinese aviation tech-tree aircraft sitting on the NRAAF/ROCAF line, the later series P-38 still offer excellent climb rate for such a huge aircraft and devastating firepower ; although cases are enemy aircrafts are at the same altitude as players do, if plan ahead according to the movement of enemies, energy fights with those which lost their altitude advantages or taking down heavy fighters in dogfights are viable options for the plane. Use the speed advantage to escape from chaos before enemy has the chance to land shots upon players - its size can make sure enemy shots will land on P-38L with relative ease

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 8,534 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 665 || 647 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 23.1 || 23.9 || 15.6 || 15.6 || rowspan="2" | 332
|-
! Upgraded
| 717 || 690 || 21.0 || 22.0 || 24.0 || 19.3
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 565 || 495 || 250 || ~9 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 380 || < 460 || < 500 || > 420
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 6.5 mm steel - in front of pilot
* 38 mm bulletproof glass - windscreen
* 6.5 mm steel - behind and below pilot
* 9.5 mm steel - behind pilot

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|AN/M2 (20 mm)|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 20 mm AN/M2 cannon, nose-mounted (150 rpg)
* 4 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (500 rpg = 2,000 total)

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' has access to late-war M2 Browning belts which can be extremely deadly with the tracer belt. Every round in this belt is armor-piercing incendiary tracer rounds which can quickly set enemy aircraft on fire due to the dense volley of fire from the 4 nose-mounted .50 calls. This belt is also excellent for ground attack. In addition to the machine guns, there is also a 20-millimeter cannon mounted in the nose which serves as a nice complement against enemy aircraft and ground targets but should be more utilized against air targets.

The M2 Brownings are very versatile for both air targets and ground targets. For air targets, the best belts are the universal, tracer, or stealth belts. All of these belts have a full incendiary round composition which is incredibly effective for setting enemy aircraft on fire. Stealth belts are a good choice for pilots who are already accustomed to aiming M2 Brownings. As for ground targets, the best belts will be either the ground target belt or the tracer belt. These 2 belts have a very high composition of AP rounds however the ground target belt does have incendiary-only (I) rounds (83% AP, 17% Incendiary only). Meanwhile, the tracer belt is fully composed of API-T rounds which will be effective for setting aircraft on fire or attacking ground targets.

The AN/M2 cannon is also extremely effective against air and ground targets. However, the P-38L only has 150 rounds of cannon ammo and should be used sparsely and mainly on air targets. However, that does not mean they are ineffective against ground targets if one chooses to use the cannon against them. The ground target belt is the best belt for ground attack as the AP rounds can, at max, penetrate through 39 millimeters of armor which is very good against lightly armored vehicles. It also has the highest composition of AP rounds compared to any belt (75% AP/25% HEF-I). For air targets, the best belts will be either the air target or stealth belt. For players who are familiar with the AN/M2 cannon, the stealth belt will be the best option as every round is HEF-I. Meanwhile, the belt composition for the air target belt is 75% HEF-I and 25% AP but does have access to tracers for those who are unfamiliar. As for players who wish to attack both air and ground targets, the best belt would be the default or universal belt as they have the same belt composition of 50% AP, and 50% HEF-I.
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|HVAR|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (1,000 lb total)
* 10 x HVAR rockets
* 4 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, wing-mounted (gunpods) (340 rpg = 1,360 total)

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' currently does not have any custom loadouts. Loadouts are restricted to no suspended armament, rockets only, bombs only, or gunpods only.

For optimal performance, one should use the no suspended armament loadout to keep the weight and extra drag to a minimum. Some players can choose the extra gunpod for enemy air or ground targets. However, the pods are mounted near the wingtips, and it can be hard to get guns on target. A convergence will be needed if one equips the gunpods.

The 2x 500 lb bomb loadout is quite effective against lightly to medium armored targets but can be a struggle against very armored targets. The 162.81 kg (357 lb) TNT equivalent will be sufficient to destroy tanks and other targets within a 9-meter (29 feet) radius. These bombs are also mounted very close to the centerline of the aircraft which makes aiming very simple. In addition, the bombs drop one at a time which allows for more than 1 target to be engaged.

The 10x HVAR loadout is decently effective against ground targets. With 39 millimeters of penetration at any distance and 4.52 kg (~10 lb) TNT equivalent, players can be assured of destroying or critically damaging lightly armored targets with direct or nearby hits. However, these rockets will struggle against medium to heavy-sized tanks even with direct hits, so it is advised to use them against open-tops or light tanks. These rockets are also mounted near the wingtips, much like the gunpods, so aiming can be much more difficult compared to the bomb loadout.

== Usage in battles ==


There are a few tactics to take into consideration when using the P-38L Lightning. All of them are viable, but some of them require more attention to detail, or else you can guarantee yourself a one-way ticket back to your hangar.

=== Air Superiority ===
The natural role for the P-38 is the Air Superiority role. When playing in this role, you will often need to side-climb at the start of a match from the airfield because the P-38L is classified as a "heavy fighter" but not an "interceptor". Once you get to an optimal altitude of roughly 4,500 m (14,760 feet) it is paramount you keep your speed up to avoid getting jumped on by some of the better climbing aircraft. When climbing, it is best you keep your speed somewhere in the neighbourhood of roughly 330 km/h (210 mph), to keep your energy up as well. It doesn't hurt if you climb higher, keep your energy and speed constant. Once you have followed the steps to climb to altitude, start scanning for easier targets to support your allies. When you spot an enemy lower in altitude than you, dive down on them and line up your shots carefully- the 20 mm cannon has a good quantity of ammo, but it goes quickly in higher BR battles. Once you have lined-up your shots (preferably around 700-600 m away,) fire a quick burst, then climb away to avoid a counter-attack. This is where the dive-brakes come in great use, as they can keep your aircraft stable when in a dive and prevents the airframe from disintegrating in a dive. The P-38's nose-mounted weaponry will act as a buzz-saw on enemy planes, providing extremely accurate fire. Once you destroy your adversary, start scanning for new targets and eliminate those of the next highest value. Keep your speed, energy and altitude high enough. The recommended ammunition type for this role is the "Universal" ammunition for the .50 cals and the "Air targets" belt for the 20 mm cannon.

It is ill-advised to attack your opponents head-on- especially if it is against an Fw 190, or any Yak aircraft. That being said, getting behind your opponents is the best course of action. This is not to say a successful head-on attack cannot be done. If you have no alternatives but to attack head-on, fire a quick burst, then quickly hit the deck. The nose-mounted weaponry in this scenario is your greatest asset, and the astonishingly good roll-rate of the P-38 can help avoid any incoming enemy fire.

It is not advised that you spend too much time in a turning engagement with this plane. While the P-38L has a phenomenal roll-rate and very powerful Allison engines, prolonged turning will bleed your energy and eliminate your greatest advantage- speed. In addition, you are a rather large target, and getting caught in a turning engagement will only render you a highly exposed target to other enemy planes.

=== Ground Attack ===
This is the role where paying attention to details is an absolute priority. This is given that the Anti-Aircraft fire is coming from actual players, and not artificial intelligence and one small mistake can send your plane down in a fireball. Nonetheless, the P-38L has all the tools necessary to be a ferocious Close Air Support aircraft. You have the option for two 500 lb bombs suspended underneath the fuselage of the plane or you can choose ten HVAR rockets. The distinguishing part of the Lightning, when used in ground attack, is that the bombs drop independently one-by-one, which allows for a second attack run if one needs to, allowing a chance for further kills. In addition to the options of bombs or rockets, the P-38's weaponry will punish any open-topped vehicles. The tactics for a ground attack are mainly brought out in making diving attacks in Ground RB. However, as mentioned earlier, you must pay attention to your surroundings- as you have no markers for enemy aircraft, and a loss of situational awareness will be your undoing. That being said, approach the battlefield from high altitude, or come in low and fast. When you spot an enemy vehicle, line up your attack run, then drop your bomb when you are close to the ground. Using the dive brakes is extremely recommended, as you can lose control quickly or need to pull up at a moment's notice. It is paramount you do not have "Assault Fuse" for your bombs, as you will be caught in the blast radius. When you have completed your attack runs using bombs or rockets, try and strafe enemy positions to spot for your allies and possibly eliminate enemy Self Propelled Anti-Aircraft vehicles as well. You can also act still as an Air Superiority fighter to keep your friendly ground forces in the game.

=== Specific enemies worth noting ===

;German aircraft

Your greatest threats come from the Focke-Wulf [[Fw 190 A-8]], given the speed and firepower it has. You also need to worry about late models of the Bf 109, such as the [[Bf 109 G-6|G-6]], [[Bf 109 G-10|G-10]], [[Bf 109 G-14|G-14]] and the [[Bf 109 K-4|K-4]] variants, which have the speed, firepower and even the manoeuvrability to tear the Lightning apart. It is plausible you will face the [[Fw 190 (Family)|Fw 190 D]] variants, which will give you a serious run for your money, as will the [[Ta 152 C-3|Ta 152s]]. You also need to take into consideration that you will be facing Allied aircraft captured by the Germans- most notable among them are the [[Tempest Mk V (Germany)|Tempest Mk V]] and the [[P-47D (Germany)|P-47 Thunderbolt]]. The vast majority of the German planes you will be facing have a high climb rate and are excellent energy fighters, which can leave you at a gaping deficit when facing Axis teams.

;Japanese aircraft

Japanese planes are notorious for their extreme turning abilities, which usually decimates Allied teams. This does not change in the higher battle ratings. The most dangerous Japanese aircraft that the P-38L Lightning will face is the Mitsubishi [[J2M4 Kai|J2M4]] Raiden, which has a top speed to rival even the Mustang. In addition, the J2M4 Raiden carries an armament of four 20 mm cannons, which will tear the Lightning to bits. Another dangerous opponent for the P-38L is the [[A7M1 (NK9H)|A7M1]] and the [[A7M2]] Reppu, which also have powerful armaments and a tighter turn radius than a Zero.

;Soviet aircraft

Any aircraft bearing the prefix "Yak" is going to give you issues. Most notable among all of these planes will be the [[Yak-3P]], as the aircraft has very powerful nose-mounted weaponry and can turn exceptionally well. The [[Yak-9T]] will also give you some problems, as the Yak-9T's 37 mm cannon will turn your aircraft into pieces of flying debris with one well-placed hit. The [[La-7]] will also be a viable threat, as it has powerful nose-mounted weaponry combined with amazing capabilities as an energy fighter. Do not head-on any variant of an [[Su-6]] or [[IL-10]], as their weaponry is mainly designed for busting open tanks and pillboxes. Do not tail either of those attackers for long either, due to their 20 mm defensive cannon.

;British aircraft

The British aircraft are notorious for their turning capabilities and heavy armament at this battle rating. Any late variant of the Spitfire is going to give you problems, most notable among these variants are the [[Spitfire F Mk IX]], the [[Spitfire Mk Vc]], and the [[Spitfire Mk Vc/trop]]. Another notable adversary is the [[Typhoon Mk Ib/L]], due to its heavy armament and good turning abilities.

==== Counter-tactics ====
With all the aspects mentioned above, the P-38L is by no means an easy plane to kill. A P-38L pilot will play this aircraft more conservatively/reserved - mostly using it in a Boom-n-Zoom fashion. However, a P-38L is a large target, thus making it highly exposed in a turn. That is the best way to secure a kill on a P-38L. Even if you only set the Lightning on fire, all the fuel tanks are either on the inside of the fuselage or in the wing-tips. That being said, a P-38L pilot will only be able to put out a fire if they exceed the structural integrity of the plane.

In addition, the P-38L has a bubble canopy, which offers minimal protection from incoming fire. Getting a pilot snipe on a P-38L is not totally uncommon.

If a P-38L is diving on you, try to force it to over-shoot by pulling either a Corkscrew or a Split-S. If you pull a Corkscrew and the Lightning overshoots, position yourself for a well-placed burst and try to knock-out the pilot. If you choose to pull a Split-S and the Lightning over-shoots, re-position yourself to energy-fight the P-38L.

The P-38L is also a very good energy fighter, thus rendering it able to make some very tight turns, but only for so long. If a Lightning manages to get behind you, try to out-manoeuvre it to then get behind or force it into a vertical scissors fight. In vertical scissors, a Lightning can only pull tight turns for so long before it bleeds too much energy- uses that to your advantage.

Heads-up for German, Soviet and Italian players. While you may have strong nose-mounted weaponry to attack the Lightning in a head-on engagement, the P-38L will make you pay dearly. The "Air Targets" ammunition for the AN/M2 20 mm cannons makes the Lightning an even deadlier foe - especially if you are flying a Yak. If you find yourself facing a Lightning in a head-on engagement, fire a quick burst, then quickly dive to avoid being hit from incoming enemy return-fire.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent speed
* Incredible energy retention lets you have multiple approaches on a helpless target
* Excellent acceleration
* Excellent climb rate
* Very powerful armament, great for bomber hunting
* Nose-mounted armament allows it to have fearsome head-on capability
* Multiple armament presets; allows it to function as a ground attack and/or air superiority fighter
* Good roll and turn time
* Good overall visibility, especially over the nose, in Simulator battles
* Counter-rotating propellers eliminates torque, making it easy to takeoff with in Simulator battles
* Tricycle landing gears allows it to brake continuously until full stop, without having to worry about flipping over
* Two sets of vertical stabiliser increases handling when damaged

'''Cons:'''

* Fuel tanks catch on fire easily
* Low initial roll rate
* Unable to dive to put fires out without breaking wings
* Easy to black-out if your crew's G-tolerance and Stamina are low
* Low cannon ammunition amount compared to other planes at the rank

== History ==


=== The Twin-Body Fighter at CBI and Pacific Theatre ===
The P-38 Lightning was already a rather successful fighter used by USAAF. After successfully shooting down dozens of German aircraft and participating in the hunt for Isoroku Yamamoto (山本五十六), some P-38s were then deployed in China operated by 449th Fighter Squadron and was used as escort fighters along with some P-51B for bombing missions over the Japanese-occupied Hsinchu; while some were used as escorts for F-4/5Es (reconnaissance variants of the P-38). The iconic twin-body design of the Lightning also gave impressions to Nationalist forces and the local Chinese dubbed the P-38 '''"Twin-Body plane" (雙身機)'''.

Thanks to the extended range of P-38, they could reach over the skies of the Korean Peninsula and even the outskirts of Japan at Kyushu, some records even suggest that these F-5Es, operated by 21st Photographic Reconnaissance Squadron, helped USAAF on delivering nukes to Hiroshima and Nagasaki.<ref>"21st Photographic Reconnaissance Squadron, U.S.A.A.F." Historical Photographs of China. University of Bristol. Accessed February 12, 2022. https://www.hpcbristol.net/photographer/21st-photographic-reconnaissance-squadron-usaaf.</ref>

=== Myth of P-38 Series in ROCAF ===
Due to the lack of information on the usage of P-38 interceptors by the ROCAF, there isn't too much information on whether they fought with the Japanese or later PLAAF during the Civil War; but the recon variant, F-5E, was used rather extensively by ROCAF before the end of WWII and some 43 of them were delivered to ROCAF after the war.<ref>jpfu0313(平心鏡氣軒主人). "國軍使用過P-38? 答案可能是這樣." 隨意窩 Xuite日誌. Xuite, May 27, 2017. https://blog.xuite.net/jpfu0313/blog/509109195.</ref>

Current historic research with the built number and accounting records from the USAAF shows that there isn't any direct evidence of P-38L interceptors being delivered to ROCAF, but instead P-38 based reconnaissance aircraft designated F-4 and F-5E. The only known loss of an F-5E over PLAAF (albeit piloted by Soviet pilots) was by '''Keleynikov Yuriy Yakovlevich (Келейников Юрий Яковлевич)''' of 29th GIAP, 106th IAD.<ref>Gkjlai. "蘇聯MiG-15擊落國軍P-38/F-5E偵察機" gkjlai的部落格, March 3, 2015. https://gkjlai.pixnet.net/blog/post/360266459.</ref><ref>"Келейников Юрий Яковлевич." Accessed February 12, 2022. http://soviet-aces-1936-53.ru/abc/k/keleinikov.htm.</ref> While F-5Es successfully hinted at the existence of PLAAF jet fighters from recon photos during a flight to Shanghai, forcing ROCA to retreat from Zhejiang coastal islands, in just a few years (1953) at the advent of the jet age, F-5Es were first replaced by F-6s (F-51D or K Mustangs reconfigured for reconnaissance), then newer jets like RF-84F or RB-57D.<ref>rexkuang326. "洛克希德 F-5E-4 閃電式照相偵察機(1945.5.14-1953)," May 2, 2021. https://rexkuang326.pixnet.net/blog/post/65496076.</ref>

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=p-38l_1_china_rocaf Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* Northrop [[P-61C-1|P-61]] Black Widow
* Savoia-Marchetti [[SM.92]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/272429-lockheed-p-38l-5-lo/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [https://archive.org/details/PilotTrainingManualP38/page/n1/mode/2up/ AAF Manual 51-127-1 - Pilot Training Manual for the Lightning P-38]

=== References ===
<references />

{{AirManufacturer Lockheed}}
{{China twin-engine fighters and strike aircraft}}

Giraf

2024-03-24T10:12:51Z

U143657252: added a space where it was needed

{{Specs-Card
|code=il_m113a1_tow
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==


Shortly after the introduction of the M113, Israel became one of the largest users of this vehicle. With over 6,000 vehicles acquired over the years from the US, the M113 became one of the most common vehicles in IDF service, being capable of fulfilling multiple roles such as APC, IFV, ATGM carrier, and Short Range Air Defence vehicle. '''Giraf''' was the name given by the Israeli Defence Force to the M113A1 carrying a TOW missile launcher. Countries like the United States, Italy, and Taiwan were already experienced with this system and many M113 were modified to serve as tank destroyers using the TOW missile. The vehicle served with Israel until the introduction of the Spike anti-tank guided missile, which was also fitted to the M113 under the name "Hafiz".

It was introduced in [[Update "Air Superiority"]]. The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is very similar to other ATGM carriers in-game. It uses the BGM-71C I-TOW anti-tank guided missile as its main armament. With access to a coaxial 12.7 mm heavy machine gun and 10 rounds for its main armament, it has a very good gun depression with -20° and the missiles have a good speed of almost 300 metres per second and a decent range of almost 4 kilometres. Like most M113s, the Giraf is not very mobile and in fact is outmatched by many other ATGM carriers like the [[AMX-13 (HOT)]], and the protection is nothing special, being very vulnerable to 20 mm or 14.5 mm autocannon shots. Thus, it should be played very passively, staying behind the cover of hills and teammates.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

Like other anti-tank guided missile carriers on the M113 platform, this vehicle is not very survivable, in fact it is vulnerable to even relatively weak projectiles from 14.5 mm and 20 mm guns. The crew compartment is very crammed and a single shot from a tank or missile is often enough to destroy the vehicle. But even with that into consideration, the launcher is separated from the hull of the vehicle and it can be used to hide the main body while launching from above obstacles and hills.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.''

{{tankMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|BGM-71B TOW|BGM-71C I-TOW}}

''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[BGM-71B TOW]] missile || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 10 || rowspan="2" | -20°/+25° || rowspan="2" | ±45° || rowspan="2" | - || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__
|-
! ''Realistic''
| __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[BGM-71C I-TOW]] missile || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 10 || rowspan="2" | -20°/+25° || rowspan="2" | ±45° || rowspan="2" | - || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__
|-
! ''Realistic''
| __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:BGM-71B TOW/Ammunition|TOW}}
{{:BGM-71C I-TOW/Ammunition|I-TOW}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''10''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)}}

''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| || ___ (___) || ___ || __° || __°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

* Powerful ATGM, can penetrate most tanks at the BR range
* ATGM can overpressure lightly armored tanks and open-tops
* ATGM can be manually guided to destroy helicopters

*

'''Cons:'''

* Very weak armor, extremely vulnerable to 12.7mm and autocannons
* ATGM cannot go through fences and other obstacles due to HEAT warhead

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Israel tank destroyers}}

APKWS II (M151)

2024-02-28T19:16:09Z

U143657252: /* Effective damage */

== Description ==
The APKWS II (M151) is a precision-guided munition based on the Hydra 70 rocket.

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===


* {{Specs-Link|ah_1z}}
* {{Specs-Link|ah_6m}}
* {{Specs-Link|ah_64a}}
* {{Specs-Link|ah_64a_greece_usa}}
* {{Specs-Link|ah_64d}}
* {{Specs-Link|tiger_uht}}
* {{Specs-Link|mh_60l_dap}}
* {{Specs-Link|oh_58d}}
* {{Specs-Link|oh_58d_china}}

== General info ==
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Missile characteristics
|-
|'''Mass'''
|15.8 kg
|-
|'''Guidance'''
|Laser
|-
|'''Max speed'''
|455 m/s
|-
|'''Firing Range'''
|11 km
|-
|'''Guaranteed launch range'''
|5 km
|-
|'''Missile guidance time'''
|30 s
|-
|'''Explosive type'''
|Comp B
|-
|'''Explosive mass'''
|1.04 kg
|-
|'''Explosive mass (TNTe)'''
|1.36 kg
|-
|'''Armour penetration'''
|18 mm
|}

=== Effective damage ===
The missile produces high explosive damage.

=== Comparison with analogues ===
Hydra 70 - The M151 is the Hydra 70 with a guidance kit, so they perform very similarly.

== Usage in battles ==
The M151 is designed to be used against lightly armoured vehicles, for example tank destroyers or SPAA. However, larger SPAAs such as the FlaRakRad will require multiple hits to fully destroy, due to the low warhead size.

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''

'''Pros:'''

* Allows more precision munitions to be carried.

*

'''Cons:'''

* Small warhead size means that the M151 is not effective against MBTs and heavily armoured IFVs.

*

== History ==
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

* [[Hydra-70 M247]]
* [[APKWS II (M282)]]

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Missiles}}

[[Category:Suspended armaments]]

9M331

2024-01-18T20:58:15Z

U143657252: Added a basic outline about the 9M331, will add more later.

== Description ==
The 9M331 is a surface-to-air missile developed by the Soviet Union, but appearing on the Tor-M1 in the Chinese tech tree. It is a successor to the 9M330 Tor, which was also developed by the Soviet Union.

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===


* {{Specs-Link|cn_tor_m1}}

== General info ==


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="2" | Missile characteristics
|-
| '''Calibre''' || 239 mm
|-
| '''Mass''' || 167 kg
|-
| '''Maximum speed''' || 850 m/s
|-
| '''Maximum overload''' || 42 G
|-
| '''Guidance''' || Semi-automatic (SACLOS)
|-
| '''Launch range''' || 12 km
|-
| '''Missile guidance time''' || 21 secs
|-
| '''Explosive mass''' || 8.16 kg TNTe
|-
| '''Fuse delay''' || 1 m
|-
| '''Fuse sensitivity''' || 0.3 mm
|-
| '''Arming distance''' || 300 m
|-
| '''Trigger radius''' || 8 m
|-
| '''Armour penetration''' || 60 mm
|-
|}

=== Effective damage ===
''Describe the type of damage produced by this type of missile (high explosive, splash damage, etc)''

=== Comparison with analogues ===
Unlike other Surface-to-air missiles, the 9M331 is launched through a Vertical Launch System, as it was developed to also be used by the Soviet Navy onboard ships. The Tor-M1 (its launch platform) is one of the largest land vehicles in the game, which is similar to other anti-aircraft units at its battle rating.

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe situations when you would utilise this missile in-game (vehicle, pillbox, base, etc)''

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==
The 9M331 began testing in the Soviet Union in 1985, and entered service with the Soviet Army in 1991. It has since been successfully to many countries, including Iran, Egypt, China and Myanmar. It is infamous for its use in the shootdown of Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752 by Iran.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the article about the variant of the weapon;''
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Missiles}}

[[Category:Suspended armaments]]

Vilkas

2024-01-01T13:02:15Z

U143657252: Filled out Section for Armour

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_vilkas
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is an armoured fighting vehicle used by Lithuania, which was developed in collaboration with ARTEC GmbH. The vehicle's roots trace back to the German-Dutch "Boxer AFV" program, showcasing a joint effort by European nations to enhance their armoured capabilities. The Vilkas variant, specifically tailored for Lithuania, integrates advanced technologies and offers versatility in combat scenarios. Entering service in the Lithuanian Armed Forces in 2019, the Vilkas deployment represents Lithuania's strategic investment in a contemporary armoured platform, capable of meeting the challenges of modern warfare.

The '''Boxer ''Vilkas''''' is an event gift German light tank introduced during [[Update "Air Superiority"]] as a reward for the [[wt:en/news/8644-event-winter-extreme-earn-yourself-rewards-this-festive-season-en|2023 Winter Extreme event]]. The Vilkas is a unique light tank choice for German top-tier players, providing fire-and-forget Spike missiles for use against tanks at longer ranges or against nearby helicopters. As such, the Vilkas presents a new playstyle to players of the German ground tree, allowing them to rush to a good position using mobility, and play as a "sniper" with decent firepower and long-range missile, or perhaps play the vehicle more aggressively and use the Spike missiles for dispatching helicopters and long-range targets of opportunity when needed. All in all, the Vilkas is a uniquely interesting vehicle to bolster the top lineups of the German tech tree.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The Vilkas has light armour all around, meaning that it can only take machine gun or low-calibre autocannon fire before being penetrated. Also, the Gunner, Commander and Ammunition are located very close together, leaving them vulnerable to being taken out in one hit. As well as this, the two Spike missiles inside the hull are only protected with 43 mm of Steel and composite armour, leaving them vulnerable to any large-calibre fire.

'''Armour type:'''

* Composite Screen (Rear, Sides, Gun Mantlet, Roof)
* High hardness rolled armour (Front, Sides, Turret)
* Rolled Homogeneous Armour (Sides, Roof, Rear)


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 5 - 15 mm (74°) || 5 - 38 mm ''Top'' 6 - 38 mm ''Bottom'' || 5 - 38 mm || 5 - 15 mm
|-
| Turret || 8 - 38 mm ''Turret front'' 38 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 8 mm || 8 mm || 8 - 15 mm
|-
| Cupola || 5 mm || 5 mm || 5 mm || 5 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 

* The wheels are 10 mm thick.
* The chassis is also 10 mm thick.
* The armour on top of the Spike missile launcher is 8 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.''

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,263|rbMinHp=721}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 (30 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 (30 mm)|30 mm Bushmaster 2 Mk.44]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 600 (200) || rowspan="2" | 200 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+60° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 54.5 || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | 13.00 || rowspan="2" | __.__ || rowspan="2" | __.__ || rowspan="2" | __.__
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 34.1 || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 (30 mm)/Ammunition|APDS, HEI-T, APFSDS}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''3''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Spike-LR2MR}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Spike-LR2MR]] missile
|-
! Capacity (Belt) !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
|-
| 2 (2) || - || - || -
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Spike-LR2MR/Ammunition|Spike-LR2}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''1''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|MG3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm MG3A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 4,000 (200) || 1,200 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Germany light tanks}}
[[Category:ATGM vehicles]]
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]