War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

SM.91

2024-03-30T18:12:52Z

U141583682: /* Details */

{{Specs-Card
|code=sm_91
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

During 1942, the Regia Aeronautica required a defence fighter to provide a defence against bombers accelerating the advance of Allied troops into Italy. The SM.91 was created, a twin-engine fighter with DB 601 engines, armed with six 20 mm MG 151s up front and a turret equipped with a 20 mm MG 151 controlled by the gunner. 2 were created, taking flight for the first time on 11 May 1943, and achieved 27 hours of flight time but never entered official evaluations. One was captured by the Germans, while the other was destroyed by Allied bombing raids.

Introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]], the SM.91 looks like a normal heavy fighter with a very good frontal armament capable of destroying an enemy aircraft or a light or medium tank very easily with a single burst, however the performance of the aircraft allows it to recover quickly enough when it loses a lot of speed, unlike other heavy fighters. In addition to this, it equips a small rear turret with a 20 mm cannon with which you can easily defend yourself from enemy fighters.

== General info ==

=== Dimensions and weight ===

Length: 13.25 meters

Wingspan: 19.70 meters

Height: 3.85 meters

Wing area: 41.76 sq.m

Empty weight: 7023 kg

Plug-in capacity: 600 kg

Maximum practical weight: 8653 kg

Theoretical wing load: 168.18~207.21 kg/m²

Crew: 2 people

=== Power configuration ===

Number of engines: 2 units

Engine Country of Origin: Germany

Engine brand: Daimler Mercedes-Benz

Engine type: 12-cylinder tandem (V12) liquid-cooled piston engine

Engine Model: DB605A1

Pressurization configuration: No pressurization system

Engine weight: 720 kg

Idle power: 5 hp

Sea level static power: 1236 horsepower (285.68~351.99 horsepower/ton)

Sea level afterburner power: 1407 horsepower (325.21~400.68 horsepower/ton)

Static power of 2 kilometers: 1320 horsepower (305.10~375.91 horsepower/ton)

5,000 meters static power: 1257 horsepower (290.54~357.97 horsepower/ton)

8 km static power: 1081 horsepower (249.86~307.85 horsepower/ton)

=== Take-off and landing performance and ground maneuverability ===
Take-off and run distance: 640 meters

Landing and running distance: 520 meters

Speed of damage to the landing gear: 300 km / h

Minimum take-off speed: 166 km / h

Landing gear layout: the last three points

Landing Gear Type: Full wheels

Gliding turning radius: 12.52 m

Parking elevation angle: 13.0 degrees

=== Endurance ===

Fuel tank distribution: 1 on each side of the wing (inside the engine compartment), 1 on each side of the fuselage (behind the engine), and 3 on each side of the wing (outside the engine compartment).

Internal oil volume: 309~1030 kg

Maximum static fuel consumption: 9.90 kg/min (4.95 kg/min per unit)

Battery life: 31 minutes 13 seconds ~ 104 minutes 03 seconds

Theoretical range: 1612 km

Combat radius: 480 km

=== Structural strength ===

Critical speed of disintegration: 845 km/h

Aileron rudder criticality: 280 km/h

Elevator lock rudder critical: 450 km/h

Steering rudder lock rudder criticality: 200 km/h

Flap gears: Off-Operational-Takeoff-Landing

Flap damage speed in each gear (excluding closed gear): 535-450-260 km/h

=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The SM.91 fulfils a similar role to the P-38 when flown as an interceptor: a twin-engined fighter that is surprisingly capable as a dogfighter due to its good turn rate, especially when spaded. The twin Piaggio P.XI RC.40 12 cylinder inline engines, which happen to be a pair of the powerful DB 605 Inverted V12 engines, are placed away from the cockpit, meaning its hard to take them out in a head-on. However, the heavy nature of the plane means that its acceleration is quite sluggish at low altitudes. The aircraft also sports leading edge wing slats that shorten the turning circle and has airbrakes that can help it slow down in a dive and help when landing on an airfield, which is already fairly easy due to its tri landing gear.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 7,010 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 561 || 546 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.1 || 21.9 || 9.3 || 9.3 || rowspan="2" | 300
|-
! Upgraded
| 610 || 585 || 19.0 || 20.0 || 15.3 || 12.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,800 m || 1,232 hp || 1,387 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* No armour
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 in each centre wing, 1 in each frontal section of tail, 3 in each wing)

The SM.91 has a good survivability, being able to take multiple 12.7 mm hits before going down; however, be careful when the enemy has 20 mm cannons or higher since they will cause serious damage to your aircraft fuselage and engines.

One DB 605 Inverted V12 engine is powerful enough to keep the aircraft flying in case of losing the other one, however; use of Manual Engine Controls is vital in this situation. Detailed explanation below.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151/20 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 3 x 20 mm MG 151/20 cannons, nose-mounted (300 rpg = 900 total)
* 1 x 20 mm MG 151/20 cannons, chin-mounted (300 rpg)
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151/20 cannons, wing-mounted (300 rpg = 600 total)

The {{PAGENAME}} has 6 of the powerful MG 151/20s mounted in the centre of the aircraft and can utilise the minengeschoss round. Use "Stealth" or "Air targets" belts for best effectiveness.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|GP 50 (50 kg)|GP 100 (100 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 6 x 50 kg GP 50 bombs (300 kg total)
* 6 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (600 kg total)

The {{PAGENAME}} can carry up to 6 x 100 kg bombs, which makes it useable in ground forces battles. Due to the rather small size of the bombs, you have to be extra accurate when dropping bombs.

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 151/20 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 20 mm MG 151/20 cannon, dorsal turret (350 rpg)

The {{PAGENAME}} can defend itself very well from any tailing aircraft. Use "Universal" belts for the most effective defensive fire.

== Usage in battles ==

When flying it as an interceptor, it can shred bombers apart with its powerful armament and can ward off escorts who try to tail it with its single 20 mm cannon. However, it is paramount that you come in from oblique angles when attacking bombers, as their gunners can easily take out your pilot due to your lack of armour and bulletproof glass.

When flying it as a ground attacker, be wary that carrying the max payload will significantly decrease performance and you will be a prime target for low flying fighters like Yaks and Spitfires. However the maximum payload is rather weak, only 6 x 100 kg bombs with a max armour penetration value of 91 mm and a blast radius of 4 m. This means that you must land a near perfect or direct hit on medium and heavy tanks in order to destroy them.

====On Simulation Mode====
While flying on simulation mode you can take your time to reach a safe altitude around 3,500 to 5,000 m climbing within ally air space. Keep in mind that you should use this aircraft with a Boom and Run mindset, that being the case, you should dive on your target while remaining hidden for your enemy as long as possible. Remember that in order to concentrate your burst mass in one zone, and hence having a greater chance to destroy the enemy plane (module; i.e., wings, tail) in one pass, you should open fire according to the gun targeting distance you are using, being a good setup from 300 m to 500 m.

With your 6 x 20 mm MG 151/20 cannons you will be able to shoot down almost every enemy aircraft on your gunsight. However, always check the surroundings before attacking, you dont want to get swarmed after engaging with an enemy. You have to remember that most enemy aircraft, save bombers, are faster and turn better than you. Therefore, you need to choose your targets wisely.

If everything mentioned before goes wrong and you end up with an enemy, or in the worst case, multiple of them going after you, you still have one chance to get out of that situation alive and it is your dorsal turret. The plane is equipped with a 20 mm MG 151/20 cannon and, when used correctly, it can pose a serious threat to most enemy fighters tailing you.

It is recommended to perform evasive manoeuvres and wait until the enemy behind you gets in a range of <500 m, practically point blank. Therefore you will have an easier time leading your bullets in the enemy direction; when successfully hitting an enemy at this range it will just take a couple of direct hits to set the bandit on fire, or if you get a good shot at his wings, send him down immediately.

====Counter-tactics====

Do not head-on this plane, the 6 x 20 mm cannons will most likely destroy your plane and do not underestimate the defensive cannon. Armed with minengeschoß belts, the nose-mounted cannons can easily cut your wings or set you on fire.

It is best to attack this plane from below since the deffensive 20 mm MG 151/20 cannon won't be able to aim lower than just a few degrees below the tail. Keep also in mind that even a P-47 can outturn it, so if an SM.91 gets behind you, force him to turn and make it lose energy.

If you are flying an aircraft with decent performance in vertical manoeuvres, force the SM.91 to fight on the vertical. Due to the deficient acceleration capacity combined with a bad performance when going vertical, you will most likely get guns on target rather easily with this tactic.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

The SM.91 has a very forgiving MEC, therefore don't worry about killing your engine and try different settings according to the maps conditions.

As a general setting you can: set the water and oil radiator at 30%, it will be a long time before cooling off is needed if using 100% throttle, however if WEP is engaged then you will need to open both radiators up to 45%; propeller pitch set at 100% when climbing and lower it to 85%-90% when going horizontal.

If the engines take damage, it will usually be only one of them. That said, the SM.91 is able to fly with only one of its engines working. However, try to extend its life span or even keep the engine alive until you are back at the airfield to repair.

In order to do this, set the damaged engine (or both, if that's the case) as follows: water and oil radiator at a 100%, propeller pitch at 0% to 30% depending if you really need a boost to, for example, get over a hill; and throttle to 50%.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Devastating armament: 6 x centre-mounted 20 mm MG 151 cannons will make quick work of any aircraft
* Great for head-ons
* Main armament has a large ammo capacity
* Gets an attacker spawn (AB/RB)
* 20 mm MG 151 cannon in the back turret
* Surprisingly good turn rate
* Can act as a powerful interceptor
* Made entirely out of metal, so it can take some punishment.
* Fuel tanks are self-sealing

'''Cons:'''

* Tail is prone to snapping when under fire
* No armour protection
* Big target
* Lack of bulletproof glass means pilot is susceptible to getting knocked out, especially in head-ons
* Wings are littered with fuel tanks
* Carrying the largest payload has a noticeable effect on performance
* High tendency to flip forwards upon landing when braking

====== Summary ======
This type of aircraft was developed by Savoia Masetti in the early 40s of the 20th century, which has relatively fierce firepower, with the overall ideal flight performance, the aircraft can be competent as a heavy fighter mission, and at the same time its acceptable mount and cannon firepower combined, in the ground support also has a completely standard efficiency, the only defect is that the whole aircraft has no effective protective measures, survivability is difficult to meet the needs of fighting in the dense self-defense firepower network. In terms of appearance, the overall configuration of the aircraft is similar to that of the P-38 series of heavy fighters, with the central fuselage mainly housed the cockpit, while the engine nacelles on both sides extend backwards and install tails, but it is more slender and slender than the P-38 overall, and a larger self-defense turret is installed in the rear of the central fuselage.

== History ==

In 1942, the Regia Aeronautica requested a new, long range aircraft that was to be powered by the German DB 601 Inline Inverted V12, carry an 800 kg bomb load, have 6 x 20 mm main armament and a single 20 mm rear cannon. Savoia-Marchetti had previously worked on the SM.88 heavy fighter and the request for a long range fighter disqualified the 88, as it only had a 1,250 L fuel capacity. SM started to work on a new fighter named the SM.91 that was made entirely out of metal, had 6 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons (7 if you count the rear gunner) provided by Germany, was powered by two DB 605 engines and had a range of 1,600 km with a 1,600 L fuel capacity that could be enlarged to 1,800 L with auxiliary tanks.

The two prototypes that were produced made their maiden flight on the 11th of May, 1943 and logged 27 hours at Vergiate. However, it was never entered into the official trials, mainly due to it still being in testing. The first prototype was captured and sent to Germany, and the second prototype was presumed to have been destroyed by bombers.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=sm_91 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|zn2uhgI2PPg|'''Best twin-boom aircraft''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 03:11 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


* [[SM.92]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/436359-sm-91/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer SM}}
{{Italy strike aircraft}}

SM.91

2024-03-30T18:12:19Z

U141583682: /* General info */

{{Specs-Card
|code=sm_91
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

During 1942, the Regia Aeronautica required a defence fighter to provide a defence against bombers accelerating the advance of Allied troops into Italy. The SM.91 was created, a twin-engine fighter with DB 601 engines, armed with six 20 mm MG 151s up front and a turret equipped with a 20 mm MG 151 controlled by the gunner. 2 were created, taking flight for the first time on 11 May 1943, and achieved 27 hours of flight time but never entered official evaluations. One was captured by the Germans, while the other was destroyed by Allied bombing raids.

Introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]], the SM.91 looks like a normal heavy fighter with a very good frontal armament capable of destroying an enemy aircraft or a light or medium tank very easily with a single burst, however the performance of the aircraft allows it to recover quickly enough when it loses a lot of speed, unlike other heavy fighters. In addition to this, it equips a small rear turret with a 20 mm cannon with which you can easily defend yourself from enemy fighters.

== General info ==

=== Dimensions and weight ===

Length: 13.25 meters

Wingspan: 19.70 meters

Height: 3.85 meters

Wing area: 41.76 sq.m

Empty weight: 7023 kg

Plug-in capacity: 600 kg

Maximum practical weight: 8653 kg

Theoretical wing load: 168.18~207.21 kg/m²

Crew: 2 people

=== Power configuration ===

Number of engines: 2 units

Engine Country of Origin: Germany

Engine brand: Daimler Mercedes-Benz

Engine type: 12-cylinder tandem (V12) liquid-cooled piston engine

Engine Model: DB605A1

Pressurization configuration: No pressurization system

Engine weight: 720 kg

Idle power: 5 hp

Sea level static power: 1236 horsepower (285.68~351.99 horsepower/ton)

Sea level afterburner power: 1407 horsepower (325.21~400.68 horsepower/ton)

Static power of 2 kilometers: 1320 horsepower (305.10~375.91 horsepower/ton)

5,000 meters static power: 1257 horsepower (290.54~357.97 horsepower/ton)

8 km static power: 1081 horsepower (249.86~307.85 horsepower/ton)

=== Take-off and landing performance and ground maneuverability ===
Take-off and run distance: 640 meters

Landing and running distance: 520 meters

Speed of damage to the landing gear: 300 km / h

Minimum take-off speed: 166 km / h

Landing gear layout: the last three points

Landing Gear Type: Full wheels

Gliding turning radius: 12.52 m

Parking elevation angle: 13.0 degrees

=== Endurance ===

Fuel tank distribution: 1 on each side of the wing (inside the engine compartment), 1 on each side of the fuselage (behind the engine), and 3 on each side of the wing (outside the engine compartment).

Internal oil volume: 309~1030 kg

Maximum static fuel consumption: 9.90 kg/min (4.95 kg/min per unit)

Battery life: 31 minutes 13 seconds ~ 104 minutes 03 seconds

Theoretical range: 1612 km

Combat radius: 480 km

=== Structural strength ===

Critical speed of disintegration: 845 km/h

Aileron rudder criticality: 280 km/h

Elevator lock rudder critical: 450 km/h

Steering rudder lock rudder criticality: 200 km/h

Flap gears: Off-Operational-Takeoff-Landing

Flap damage speed in each gear (excluding closed gear): 535-450-260 km/h

=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The SM.91 fulfils a similar role to the P-38 when flown as an interceptor: a twin-engined fighter that is surprisingly capable as a dogfighter due to its good turn rate, especially when spaded. The twin Piaggio P.XI RC.40 12 cylinder inline engines, which happen to be a pair of the powerful DB 605 Inverted V12 engines, are placed away from the cockpit, meaning its hard to take them out in a head-on. However, the heavy nature of the plane means that its acceleration is quite sluggish at low altitudes. The aircraft also sports leading edge wing slats that shorten the turning circle and has airbrakes that can help it slow down in a dive and help when landing on an airfield, which is already fairly easy due to its tri landing gear.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 7,010 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 561 || 546 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.1 || 21.9 || 9.3 || 9.3 || rowspan="2" | 300
|-
! Upgraded
| 610 || 585 || 19.0 || 20.0 || 15.3 || 12.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 535 || 450 || 260 || ~10 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 280 || < 200 || < 450 || > 380
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,800 m || 1,232 hp || 1,387 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* No armour
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 in each centre wing, 1 in each frontal section of tail, 3 in each wing)

The SM.91 has a good survivability, being able to take multiple 12.7 mm hits before going down; however, be careful when the enemy has 20 mm cannons or higher since they will cause serious damage to your aircraft fuselage and engines.

One DB 605 Inverted V12 engine is powerful enough to keep the aircraft flying in case of losing the other one, however; use of Manual Engine Controls is vital in this situation. Detailed explanation below.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151/20 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 3 x 20 mm MG 151/20 cannons, nose-mounted (300 rpg = 900 total)
* 1 x 20 mm MG 151/20 cannons, chin-mounted (300 rpg)
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151/20 cannons, wing-mounted (300 rpg = 600 total)

The {{PAGENAME}} has 6 of the powerful MG 151/20s mounted in the centre of the aircraft and can utilise the minengeschoss round. Use "Stealth" or "Air targets" belts for best effectiveness.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|GP 50 (50 kg)|GP 100 (100 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 6 x 50 kg GP 50 bombs (300 kg total)
* 6 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (600 kg total)

The {{PAGENAME}} can carry up to 6 x 100 kg bombs, which makes it useable in ground forces battles. Due to the rather small size of the bombs, you have to be extra accurate when dropping bombs.

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 151/20 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 20 mm MG 151/20 cannon, dorsal turret (350 rpg)

The {{PAGENAME}} can defend itself very well from any tailing aircraft. Use "Universal" belts for the most effective defensive fire.

== Usage in battles ==

When flying it as an interceptor, it can shred bombers apart with its powerful armament and can ward off escorts who try to tail it with its single 20 mm cannon. However, it is paramount that you come in from oblique angles when attacking bombers, as their gunners can easily take out your pilot due to your lack of armour and bulletproof glass.

When flying it as a ground attacker, be wary that carrying the max payload will significantly decrease performance and you will be a prime target for low flying fighters like Yaks and Spitfires. However the maximum payload is rather weak, only 6 x 100 kg bombs with a max armour penetration value of 91 mm and a blast radius of 4 m. This means that you must land a near perfect or direct hit on medium and heavy tanks in order to destroy them.

====On Simulation Mode====
While flying on simulation mode you can take your time to reach a safe altitude around 3,500 to 5,000 m climbing within ally air space. Keep in mind that you should use this aircraft with a Boom and Run mindset, that being the case, you should dive on your target while remaining hidden for your enemy as long as possible. Remember that in order to concentrate your burst mass in one zone, and hence having a greater chance to destroy the enemy plane (module; i.e., wings, tail) in one pass, you should open fire according to the gun targeting distance you are using, being a good setup from 300 m to 500 m.

With your 6 x 20 mm MG 151/20 cannons you will be able to shoot down almost every enemy aircraft on your gunsight. However, always check the surroundings before attacking, you dont want to get swarmed after engaging with an enemy. You have to remember that most enemy aircraft, save bombers, are faster and turn better than you. Therefore, you need to choose your targets wisely.

If everything mentioned before goes wrong and you end up with an enemy, or in the worst case, multiple of them going after you, you still have one chance to get out of that situation alive and it is your dorsal turret. The plane is equipped with a 20 mm MG 151/20 cannon and, when used correctly, it can pose a serious threat to most enemy fighters tailing you.

It is recommended to perform evasive manoeuvres and wait until the enemy behind you gets in a range of <500 m, practically point blank. Therefore you will have an easier time leading your bullets in the enemy direction; when successfully hitting an enemy at this range it will just take a couple of direct hits to set the bandit on fire, or if you get a good shot at his wings, send him down immediately.

====Counter-tactics====

Do not head-on this plane, the 6 x 20 mm cannons will most likely destroy your plane and do not underestimate the defensive cannon. Armed with minengeschoß belts, the nose-mounted cannons can easily cut your wings or set you on fire.

It is best to attack this plane from below since the deffensive 20 mm MG 151/20 cannon won't be able to aim lower than just a few degrees below the tail. Keep also in mind that even a P-47 can outturn it, so if an SM.91 gets behind you, force him to turn and make it lose energy.

If you are flying an aircraft with decent performance in vertical manoeuvres, force the SM.91 to fight on the vertical. Due to the deficient acceleration capacity combined with a bad performance when going vertical, you will most likely get guns on target rather easily with this tactic.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

The SM.91 has a very forgiving MEC, therefore don't worry about killing your engine and try different settings according to the maps conditions.

As a general setting you can: set the water and oil radiator at 30%, it will be a long time before cooling off is needed if using 100% throttle, however if WEP is engaged then you will need to open both radiators up to 45%; propeller pitch set at 100% when climbing and lower it to 85%-90% when going horizontal.

If the engines take damage, it will usually be only one of them. That said, the SM.91 is able to fly with only one of its engines working. However, try to extend its life span or even keep the engine alive until you are back at the airfield to repair.

In order to do this, set the damaged engine (or both, if that's the case) as follows: water and oil radiator at a 100%, propeller pitch at 0% to 30% depending if you really need a boost to, for example, get over a hill; and throttle to 50%.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Devastating armament: 6 x centre-mounted 20 mm MG 151 cannons will make quick work of any aircraft
* Great for head-ons
* Main armament has a large ammo capacity
* Gets an attacker spawn (AB/RB)
* 20 mm MG 151 cannon in the back turret
* Surprisingly good turn rate
* Can act as a powerful interceptor
* Made entirely out of metal, so it can take some punishment.
* Fuel tanks are self-sealing

'''Cons:'''

* Tail is prone to snapping when under fire
* No armour protection
* Big target
* Lack of bulletproof glass means pilot is susceptible to getting knocked out, especially in head-ons
* Wings are littered with fuel tanks
* Carrying the largest payload has a noticeable effect on performance
* High tendency to flip forwards upon landing when braking

====== Summary ======
This type of aircraft was developed by Savoia Masetti in the early 40s of the 20th century, which has relatively fierce firepower, with the overall ideal flight performance, the aircraft can be competent as a heavy fighter mission, and at the same time its acceptable mount and cannon firepower combined, in the ground support also has a completely standard efficiency, the only defect is that the whole aircraft has no effective protective measures, survivability is difficult to meet the needs of fighting in the dense self-defense firepower network. In terms of appearance, the overall configuration of the aircraft is similar to that of the P-38 series of heavy fighters, with the central fuselage mainly housed the cockpit, while the engine nacelles on both sides extend backwards and install tails, but it is more slender and slender than the P-38 overall, and a larger self-defense turret is installed in the rear of the central fuselage.

== History ==

In 1942, the Regia Aeronautica requested a new, long range aircraft that was to be powered by the German DB 601 Inline Inverted V12, carry an 800 kg bomb load, have 6 x 20 mm main armament and a single 20 mm rear cannon. Savoia-Marchetti had previously worked on the SM.88 heavy fighter and the request for a long range fighter disqualified the 88, as it only had a 1,250 L fuel capacity. SM started to work on a new fighter named the SM.91 that was made entirely out of metal, had 6 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons (7 if you count the rear gunner) provided by Germany, was powered by two DB 605 engines and had a range of 1,600 km with a 1,600 L fuel capacity that could be enlarged to 1,800 L with auxiliary tanks.

The two prototypes that were produced made their maiden flight on the 11th of May, 1943 and logged 27 hours at Vergiate. However, it was never entered into the official trials, mainly due to it still being in testing. The first prototype was captured and sent to Germany, and the second prototype was presumed to have been destroyed by bombers.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=sm_91 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|zn2uhgI2PPg|'''Best twin-boom aircraft''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 03:11 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


* [[SM.92]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/436359-sm-91/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer SM}}
{{Italy strike aircraft}}

Yak-9T

2024-03-30T17:47:02Z

U141583682: /* Offensive armament */

{{About
| about = Soviet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = the French version
| link-1 = Challe's Yak-9T (France)
| usage-2 = other versions
| link-2 = Yak-9 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=yak-9t
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''Yakovlev Yak-9T''' was the second variant of the [[Yak-9 (Family)|Yak-9 fighter aircraft family]]. Instead of the usual 20 mm ShVAK cannon, it was armed with a 37 mm Nudelman-Suranov NS-37 cannon with 30 rounds. To compensate for the heavier nose, the cockpit was shifted backwards by 0.4 m. Poor quality control resulted in many oil and coolant leaks from the cannon recoil during test firing, which were solved during the prototype testing stage. Recoil and limited ammunition availability necessitated precise aiming with two- or three-round bursts. The Yak-9T was widely used against enemy ships on the Black Sea and tanks on various fronts (the cannon could penetrate up to 40 mm armour from 500 m), but it was also effective against enemy aircraft (a single cannon hit was usually enough to tear apart the aircraft airframe). Yak-9T had a significant morale impact on the opponent. It was extremely popular among flight crews, owing to its formidable weaponry and excellent flight performance. The aircraft was mass-manufactured from March 1943 to June 1945, and a total of 2,748 aircraft were produced. Flight experiments were carried out on the Central Front in August 1943 by the 16VA ("Vozdushnaya Armia" - Air Army).

Introduced in the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27, the Yak-9T is an anti-tank variant with a 37 mm Nudelman-Suranov NS-37 gun capable of firing armour-piercing ammunition that can readily penetrate tank roof armour while diving. Since the ammo capacity is limited to 30 rounds due to the increased weight of the weapon, precise aiming is essential. It is advisable to fire only in short bursts, as continuous firing reduces accuracy and quickly overheats the cannon barrel. This, paired with the Yak-9 fighter aircraft family's superb low-altitude performance, will undoubtedly make the Yak-9T an excellent close-air support plane in the hands of an experienced player.

== General info ==

=== '''Dimensions and weight↓''' ===
Length: 8.66 meters

Wingspan: 9.74 metres

Height: 3.00 m

Wing area: 17.20 sq.m

Empty weight: 2550 kg

Plug-in volume: No plug-in capability

Maximum practical weight: 2870 kg

Theoretical wing load: 148.26~166.86 kg/m²

Crew members: 1 person

=== Power configuration ===
Number of engines: 1 unit

Engine country of origin: Soviet Union

Engine brand: Klimov

Engine type: 12-cylinder twin tandem (V12) liquid-cooled piston engine

Engine model: VK-105PF

Pressurization configuration: two-stage pressurization

Engine weight: 600 kg

Idle power: 4 hp

Sea level static power: 1155 hp (402.44~452.94 hp/ton)

Sea level afterburner power: no afterburner function

Static power of two kilometers: 1191 horsepower (414.98~467.06 horsepower/ton)

5,000 meters static power: 1007 horsepower (350.87~394.90 horsepower/ton)

8 km static power: 664 horsepower (231.36~260.39 horsepower/ton)

Optimum altitude for all levels of supercharger: 700 to 2900 m

Peak static power of supercharger at all levels: 1260 1175 horsepower (439.02~494.12 horsepower/ton 409.41~460.78 horsepower/ton)

=== Take-off and landing performance and ground maneuverability ===
Take-off and run distance: 390 meters

Landing run distance: 290 meters

Speed of damage to the landing gear: 320 km / h

Minimum take-off speed: 174 km / h

Landing gear layout: the last three points

Landing Gear Type: Full wheels

Glide turning radius: 5.81 m

Parking elevation angle: 11.3 degrees

=== Endurance ===
Distribution of fuel tanks: 1 on each side of the wing (behind the landing gear compartment) and 1 under the pilot's seat

Internal oil volume: 96~320 kg

Maximum static fuel consumption: 5.04 kg/min

Battery life: 19 minutes 02 seconds ~ 63 minutes 28 seconds

Theoretical range: 1092 km

Combat radius: 215 km

=== Structural strength ===
Critical speed of disintegration: 682 km/h

Aileron rudder criticality: 380 km/h

Elevator lock rudder criticality: 490 km/h

Steering rudder lock rudder criticality: 420 km/h

Flap gear: Off - Landing

Flap damage speed in each gear (excluding closing gear): 280 km/h

=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


Like other Yak fighters, the {{PAGENAME}} has excellent low altitude performance but has abysmal high altitude performance due to the lack of turbo or superchargers incorporated with the engine. When it comes to manoeuvring, the {{PAGENAME}} has a strong rudder allowing for wingovers, hammerheads or other manoeuvres which utilise a rudder kick. The rudder used in combination with the aircraft turning decreases the turning radius allowing it into a tighter spiral, typically creating an advantage during small dogfights and skirmishes. The turn rate on the Yak 9T is far superior to the majority of aircraft in its BR making it suitable for vertical turn fighting. While the {{PAGENAME}} has an average climb rate for fighters at its battle rating, it may struggle to reach bomber altitude, but will still be an easy target for enemy fighters patrolling the upper elevations. Energy retention for the {{PAGENAME}} is decent, though caution is necessary around enemy fighters such as the German Fw 190 which has a more significant energy retention advantage.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 576 || 560 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 18.8 || 19.5 || 13.7 || 13.6 || rowspan="2" | 366
|-
! Upgraded
| 610 || 593 || 17.2 || 18.0 || 18.5 || 16.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


Comparable to other contemporary fighters, the {{PAGENAME}} has proper protection due to the placement of armour protection and bulletproof glass. While the armour protection serves mostly to protect the pilot, the way the aircraft systems are situated, the vulnerable areas are decently protected. Since the {{PAGENAME}} has excellent pilot protection, it is unlikely that a pilot snipe should occur. Due to strengthened structure and centralizing of the critical components, it is a real possibility for a skilled pilot to clip an enemies plane with a wingtip and remain unscathed, either slicing the enemy's wing or disabling a propeller. Though the {{PAGENAME}} does have fuel tanks located in the wings, they are self-sealing; however, that does not preclude them from catching on fire.

* 64 mm Bulletproof glass in cockpit front
* 64 mm Bulletproof glass pilot's headrest
* 8 mm Steel plate in the pilot's seat

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|NS-37 (37 mm)|Berezin UB (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 37 mm NS-37 cannon, nose-mounted (30 rpg)
* 1 x 12.7 mm Berezin UB machine gun, nose-mounted (200 rpg)

Forward projection: 3.870 kg/s

Total projection: 3.870 kg/s

== Usage in battles ==

[[File:Cockpit_Yak-9.jpg|thumbnail|right|The Yak-9T's instrument panel.]]
The Yakovlev 9T or Yak-9T as it is most popularly referred to in-game, being the most popular of the Yak-9 variants, is best played differently depending on the situation the pilot finds themselves in.

To begin, don't set any gun convergence. Since this aircraft only has 2 guns, a 37 mm in the middle of the engine and a 12.7mm Berezin UB to the side of it (though not enough to the side to need convergence). If you set convergence, it will actually tilt the 37mm to one side and throw off your aim.

After this, take off and make sure that you take off and immediately climb. A twenty-degree angle may be too much to handle depending on the upgrades purchased on the aircraft, so a fifteen-degree climb is recommended. With it, the pilot keeps much-needed speed and agility. Altitude advantage over your opponent is always preferred, and most pilots of the rank that the Yak-9T fights do not choose to climb over 2,000 m (6,561 ft). A good altitude to climb to is 3,000 m (9,842 ft). In this way, altitude advantage is achieved. Be advised this will not always be the case and some enemies will climb above you. If this happens, try to make them bleed energy until they are slower than you and turn fight them.

At high altitude, the Yak-9T is best suited to energy fighting, which means using the Yak's good energy retention to zoom at an opponent, shoot at them, and then climb up and turn back to your opponent and give chase. The Yak at mid to low altitude is best suited to turn-fighting against all nations except for the Japanese. If facing the Japanese, use the same energy fight tactics as stated above, as Japanese planes will be unable to give chase due to the low energy retention of their lightweight aircraft. The Yak-9T comes equipped with flaps, it is critical you use them, as performance is greatly increased in a turn-fight with them extended.

The Yak-9T and all Yak's suffer from a constant engine overheat, properly watching this temperature is critical because if let go too long, the engine will die and the Yak falls fast. Keep eyes on temp at all times. The best advice is to keep the throttle at 90% or lower when not in combat. The Yak-9T is best suited to colder maps if on a hot map, gain altitude and cruise at 85-90% throttle.

The Yak-9T is also famed for its ability to crack open tanks with its cannon - in air battles, it can penetrate even heavy tanks from the back. If you are going to attempt this, load Ground Targets belts (if you only have default belts, half the shells aren't armour-piercing and won't be able to penetrate tanks), look for some tanks and start shooting them, though you must shoot from behind with heavy and medium tanks. Try to avoid convoys going down roads, as those usually have AA vehicles and the longer you loiter over then the higher chance of being hit, developing oil and/or water leaks, and having to return to base. Ammo conservation is the name of the game here, as you only have 30 rounds for the cannon. If you want to only fire your machine gun, the key is "1" by default, and for the cannon it's "2". If you are attacking soft targets the machine gun (loaded with Ground Targets ammunition) may be better and less of a waste of ammo, roughly a dozen shots can be enough. Likewise, your machine gun is useless for attacking medium and heavy tanks, so only fire the cannon when you attack those.

In Ground RB, the Yak is also quite feared, being able to penetrate most if not all tanks at its BR, providing you aim for behind. Your small size combined with your relatively high speed makes you difficult to shoot down for AA vehicles, and your pilot does have bulletproof glass around and some armour plating behind the pilot, making pilot snipes unlikely.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 37 mm has a reasonably high rate of fire for its calibre
* The 37 mm is powerful, good for disabling or destroying bombers
* The 37 mm is also very good in Ground RB in disabling vehicles
* Berezin UB machine gun is hard-hitting
* Decent manoeuvrability
* Cannon can knock out medium tanks with several hits in the side or rear
* Good energy retention
* Outperforms most contemporary fighters at lower altitudes (under 4,000 m)

'''Cons:'''

* Once the 37 mm runs out of ammo you have a single .50 cal machine gun
* 37 mm has high recoil
* 37 mm is fairly inaccurate even in short bursts
* Lousy high-altitude performance
* Not very fast
* Low rip speed

====== summary ======
This type of aircraft is one of the improvements of the Yak-9, because the fuselage has not changed much, and the engine has not changed significantly, the aircraft has good flight qualities similar to the basic Yak-9, level flight speed, climb speed, circling performance, roll performance, The handling feel is relatively ideal, mainly only the basic type of 20 mm paddle cannon replaced by a more powerful 37 mm cannon, this change makes the aircraft's interception ability significantly improved, ground strike capability has also been enhanced, but due to the decrease in projection density, the aircraft in high-intensity air combat efficiency is reduced. In terms of appearance, the aircraft is similar to the basic Yak-9, but the protruding area of the paddle hub cannon is extended and the cockpit is moved back.

== History ==


{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}|expand=true}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
The Yak-9 was a Soviet single-engine fighter of the WWII era. It was the first combat aircraft designed by Alexander Yakovlev's construction bureau. The most mass-produced Soviet fighter of the war, it remained in production from October 1942 to December 1948, with a total of 16,769 built.

The Yak-9 was a further modification of the Yak-1 and Yak-7. In its core design, it was a redesign of the Yak-7. With few external differences, Yak-9 was at the same time much more advanced internally. This is not unexpected, as almost two years of design and combat experience of the Yak series went into the Yak-9. Also, at the time aluminium was in much greater supply than it had been two years previously at the start of the war. Amongst other things, the use of metal allowed the plane's weight to be significantly reduced, meaning that more fuel could be stored and that the aircraft could be equipped with more powerful armament and more specialized equipment.

The Yak-9T variant, for instance, had an incredibly powerful 37 mm NS-37 cannon firing through the propeller hub. Due to the length of the gun barrel, the pilot's seat had to be moved 40 cm aft, and the airframe was strengthened. The variant carried 30 to 32 cannon shells, as well as 200-220 rounds for the synchronized UB machine gun. Salvo weight for the variant was a whopping 3.74 kg (8.24 lbs). The 37 mm gun allowed for fire at increased ranges, up to 1,200 yards against bomber formations, and 500-600 yards against single non-manoeuvring bombers. The Yak-9T was also successful against ground targets. Armour-piercing shells, fired from 500 yards at an angle of 45 degrees, could penetrate 30 mm of armour. In late 1943, the Yak-9T was used in an anti-shipping role in the Black Sea. A total of 2,748 Yak-9s were built between March 1943 and June 1945.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=yak-9t Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|ObEcMPqFBbE|'''The Shooting Range #259''' - ''Tips & Tricks'' section at 08:09 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/109517-yakovlev-yak-9t/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Yakovlev}}
{{USSR fighters}}

Yak-9T

2024-03-30T17:44:09Z

U141583682: /* Flight performance */

{{About
| about = Soviet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = the French version
| link-1 = Challe's Yak-9T (France)
| usage-2 = other versions
| link-2 = Yak-9 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=yak-9t
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''Yakovlev Yak-9T''' was the second variant of the [[Yak-9 (Family)|Yak-9 fighter aircraft family]]. Instead of the usual 20 mm ShVAK cannon, it was armed with a 37 mm Nudelman-Suranov NS-37 cannon with 30 rounds. To compensate for the heavier nose, the cockpit was shifted backwards by 0.4 m. Poor quality control resulted in many oil and coolant leaks from the cannon recoil during test firing, which were solved during the prototype testing stage. Recoil and limited ammunition availability necessitated precise aiming with two- or three-round bursts. The Yak-9T was widely used against enemy ships on the Black Sea and tanks on various fronts (the cannon could penetrate up to 40 mm armour from 500 m), but it was also effective against enemy aircraft (a single cannon hit was usually enough to tear apart the aircraft airframe). Yak-9T had a significant morale impact on the opponent. It was extremely popular among flight crews, owing to its formidable weaponry and excellent flight performance. The aircraft was mass-manufactured from March 1943 to June 1945, and a total of 2,748 aircraft were produced. Flight experiments were carried out on the Central Front in August 1943 by the 16VA ("Vozdushnaya Armia" - Air Army).

Introduced in the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27, the Yak-9T is an anti-tank variant with a 37 mm Nudelman-Suranov NS-37 gun capable of firing armour-piercing ammunition that can readily penetrate tank roof armour while diving. Since the ammo capacity is limited to 30 rounds due to the increased weight of the weapon, precise aiming is essential. It is advisable to fire only in short bursts, as continuous firing reduces accuracy and quickly overheats the cannon barrel. This, paired with the Yak-9 fighter aircraft family's superb low-altitude performance, will undoubtedly make the Yak-9T an excellent close-air support plane in the hands of an experienced player.

== General info ==

=== '''Dimensions and weight↓''' ===
Length: 8.66 meters

Wingspan: 9.74 metres

Height: 3.00 m

Wing area: 17.20 sq.m

Empty weight: 2550 kg

Plug-in volume: No plug-in capability

Maximum practical weight: 2870 kg

Theoretical wing load: 148.26~166.86 kg/m²

Crew members: 1 person

=== Power configuration ===
Number of engines: 1 unit

Engine country of origin: Soviet Union

Engine brand: Klimov

Engine type: 12-cylinder twin tandem (V12) liquid-cooled piston engine

Engine model: VK-105PF

Pressurization configuration: two-stage pressurization

Engine weight: 600 kg

Idle power: 4 hp

Sea level static power: 1155 hp (402.44~452.94 hp/ton)

Sea level afterburner power: no afterburner function

Static power of two kilometers: 1191 horsepower (414.98~467.06 horsepower/ton)

5,000 meters static power: 1007 horsepower (350.87~394.90 horsepower/ton)

8 km static power: 664 horsepower (231.36~260.39 horsepower/ton)

Optimum altitude for all levels of supercharger: 700 to 2900 m

Peak static power of supercharger at all levels: 1260 1175 horsepower (439.02~494.12 horsepower/ton 409.41~460.78 horsepower/ton)

=== Take-off and landing performance and ground maneuverability ===
Take-off and run distance: 390 meters

Landing run distance: 290 meters

Speed of damage to the landing gear: 320 km / h

Minimum take-off speed: 174 km / h

Landing gear layout: the last three points

Landing Gear Type: Full wheels

Glide turning radius: 5.81 m

Parking elevation angle: 11.3 degrees

=== Endurance ===
Distribution of fuel tanks: 1 on each side of the wing (behind the landing gear compartment) and 1 under the pilot's seat

Internal oil volume: 96~320 kg

Maximum static fuel consumption: 5.04 kg/min

Battery life: 19 minutes 02 seconds ~ 63 minutes 28 seconds

Theoretical range: 1092 km

Combat radius: 215 km

=== Structural strength ===
Critical speed of disintegration: 682 km/h

Aileron rudder criticality: 380 km/h

Elevator lock rudder criticality: 490 km/h

Steering rudder lock rudder criticality: 420 km/h

Flap gear: Off - Landing

Flap damage speed in each gear (excluding closing gear): 280 km/h

=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


Like other Yak fighters, the {{PAGENAME}} has excellent low altitude performance but has abysmal high altitude performance due to the lack of turbo or superchargers incorporated with the engine. When it comes to manoeuvring, the {{PAGENAME}} has a strong rudder allowing for wingovers, hammerheads or other manoeuvres which utilise a rudder kick. The rudder used in combination with the aircraft turning decreases the turning radius allowing it into a tighter spiral, typically creating an advantage during small dogfights and skirmishes. The turn rate on the Yak 9T is far superior to the majority of aircraft in its BR making it suitable for vertical turn fighting. While the {{PAGENAME}} has an average climb rate for fighters at its battle rating, it may struggle to reach bomber altitude, but will still be an easy target for enemy fighters patrolling the upper elevations. Energy retention for the {{PAGENAME}} is decent, though caution is necessary around enemy fighters such as the German Fw 190 which has a more significant energy retention advantage.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 576 || 560 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 18.8 || 19.5 || 13.7 || 13.6 || rowspan="2" | 366
|-
! Upgraded
| 610 || 593 || 17.2 || 18.0 || 18.5 || 16.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


Comparable to other contemporary fighters, the {{PAGENAME}} has proper protection due to the placement of armour protection and bulletproof glass. While the armour protection serves mostly to protect the pilot, the way the aircraft systems are situated, the vulnerable areas are decently protected. Since the {{PAGENAME}} has excellent pilot protection, it is unlikely that a pilot snipe should occur. Due to strengthened structure and centralizing of the critical components, it is a real possibility for a skilled pilot to clip an enemies plane with a wingtip and remain unscathed, either slicing the enemy's wing or disabling a propeller. Though the {{PAGENAME}} does have fuel tanks located in the wings, they are self-sealing; however, that does not preclude them from catching on fire.

* 64 mm Bulletproof glass in cockpit front
* 64 mm Bulletproof glass pilot's headrest
* 8 mm Steel plate in the pilot's seat

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|NS-37 (37 mm)|Berezin UB (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 37 mm NS-37 cannon, nose-mounted (30 rpg)
* 1 x 12.7 mm Berezin UB machine gun, nose-mounted (200 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

[[File:Cockpit_Yak-9.jpg|thumbnail|right|The Yak-9T's instrument panel.]]
The Yakovlev 9T or Yak-9T as it is most popularly referred to in-game, being the most popular of the Yak-9 variants, is best played differently depending on the situation the pilot finds themselves in.

To begin, don't set any gun convergence. Since this aircraft only has 2 guns, a 37 mm in the middle of the engine and a 12.7mm Berezin UB to the side of it (though not enough to the side to need convergence). If you set convergence, it will actually tilt the 37mm to one side and throw off your aim.

After this, take off and make sure that you take off and immediately climb. A twenty-degree angle may be too much to handle depending on the upgrades purchased on the aircraft, so a fifteen-degree climb is recommended. With it, the pilot keeps much-needed speed and agility. Altitude advantage over your opponent is always preferred, and most pilots of the rank that the Yak-9T fights do not choose to climb over 2,000 m (6,561 ft). A good altitude to climb to is 3,000 m (9,842 ft). In this way, altitude advantage is achieved. Be advised this will not always be the case and some enemies will climb above you. If this happens, try to make them bleed energy until they are slower than you and turn fight them.

At high altitude, the Yak-9T is best suited to energy fighting, which means using the Yak's good energy retention to zoom at an opponent, shoot at them, and then climb up and turn back to your opponent and give chase. The Yak at mid to low altitude is best suited to turn-fighting against all nations except for the Japanese. If facing the Japanese, use the same energy fight tactics as stated above, as Japanese planes will be unable to give chase due to the low energy retention of their lightweight aircraft. The Yak-9T comes equipped with flaps, it is critical you use them, as performance is greatly increased in a turn-fight with them extended.

The Yak-9T and all Yak's suffer from a constant engine overheat, properly watching this temperature is critical because if let go too long, the engine will die and the Yak falls fast. Keep eyes on temp at all times. The best advice is to keep the throttle at 90% or lower when not in combat. The Yak-9T is best suited to colder maps if on a hot map, gain altitude and cruise at 85-90% throttle.

The Yak-9T is also famed for its ability to crack open tanks with its cannon - in air battles, it can penetrate even heavy tanks from the back. If you are going to attempt this, load Ground Targets belts (if you only have default belts, half the shells aren't armour-piercing and won't be able to penetrate tanks), look for some tanks and start shooting them, though you must shoot from behind with heavy and medium tanks. Try to avoid convoys going down roads, as those usually have AA vehicles and the longer you loiter over then the higher chance of being hit, developing oil and/or water leaks, and having to return to base. Ammo conservation is the name of the game here, as you only have 30 rounds for the cannon. If you want to only fire your machine gun, the key is "1" by default, and for the cannon it's "2". If you are attacking soft targets the machine gun (loaded with Ground Targets ammunition) may be better and less of a waste of ammo, roughly a dozen shots can be enough. Likewise, your machine gun is useless for attacking medium and heavy tanks, so only fire the cannon when you attack those.

In Ground RB, the Yak is also quite feared, being able to penetrate most if not all tanks at its BR, providing you aim for behind. Your small size combined with your relatively high speed makes you difficult to shoot down for AA vehicles, and your pilot does have bulletproof glass around and some armour plating behind the pilot, making pilot snipes unlikely.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 37 mm has a reasonably high rate of fire for its calibre
* The 37 mm is powerful, good for disabling or destroying bombers
* The 37 mm is also very good in Ground RB in disabling vehicles
* Berezin UB machine gun is hard-hitting
* Decent manoeuvrability
* Cannon can knock out medium tanks with several hits in the side or rear
* Good energy retention
* Outperforms most contemporary fighters at lower altitudes (under 4,000 m)

'''Cons:'''

* Once the 37 mm runs out of ammo you have a single .50 cal machine gun
* 37 mm has high recoil
* 37 mm is fairly inaccurate even in short bursts
* Lousy high-altitude performance
* Not very fast
* Low rip speed

== History ==


{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}|expand=true}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
The Yak-9 was a Soviet single-engine fighter of the WWII era. It was the first combat aircraft designed by Alexander Yakovlev's construction bureau. The most mass-produced Soviet fighter of the war, it remained in production from October 1942 to December 1948, with a total of 16,769 built.

The Yak-9 was a further modification of the Yak-1 and Yak-7. In its core design, it was a redesign of the Yak-7. With few external differences, Yak-9 was at the same time much more advanced internally. This is not unexpected, as almost two years of design and combat experience of the Yak series went into the Yak-9. Also, at the time aluminium was in much greater supply than it had been two years previously at the start of the war. Amongst other things, the use of metal allowed the plane's weight to be significantly reduced, meaning that more fuel could be stored and that the aircraft could be equipped with more powerful armament and more specialized equipment.

The Yak-9T variant, for instance, had an incredibly powerful 37 mm NS-37 cannon firing through the propeller hub. Due to the length of the gun barrel, the pilot's seat had to be moved 40 cm aft, and the airframe was strengthened. The variant carried 30 to 32 cannon shells, as well as 200-220 rounds for the synchronized UB machine gun. Salvo weight for the variant was a whopping 3.74 kg (8.24 lbs). The 37 mm gun allowed for fire at increased ranges, up to 1,200 yards against bomber formations, and 500-600 yards against single non-manoeuvring bombers. The Yak-9T was also successful against ground targets. Armour-piercing shells, fired from 500 yards at an angle of 45 degrees, could penetrate 30 mm of armour. In late 1943, the Yak-9T was used in an anti-shipping role in the Black Sea. A total of 2,748 Yak-9s were built between March 1943 and June 1945.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=yak-9t Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|ObEcMPqFBbE|'''The Shooting Range #259''' - ''Tips & Tricks'' section at 08:09 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/109517-yakovlev-yak-9t/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Yakovlev}}
{{USSR fighters}}

Yak-9T

2024-03-30T17:43:39Z

U141583682: /* Details */

{{About
| about = Soviet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = the French version
| link-1 = Challe's Yak-9T (France)
| usage-2 = other versions
| link-2 = Yak-9 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=yak-9t
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''Yakovlev Yak-9T''' was the second variant of the [[Yak-9 (Family)|Yak-9 fighter aircraft family]]. Instead of the usual 20 mm ShVAK cannon, it was armed with a 37 mm Nudelman-Suranov NS-37 cannon with 30 rounds. To compensate for the heavier nose, the cockpit was shifted backwards by 0.4 m. Poor quality control resulted in many oil and coolant leaks from the cannon recoil during test firing, which were solved during the prototype testing stage. Recoil and limited ammunition availability necessitated precise aiming with two- or three-round bursts. The Yak-9T was widely used against enemy ships on the Black Sea and tanks on various fronts (the cannon could penetrate up to 40 mm armour from 500 m), but it was also effective against enemy aircraft (a single cannon hit was usually enough to tear apart the aircraft airframe). Yak-9T had a significant morale impact on the opponent. It was extremely popular among flight crews, owing to its formidable weaponry and excellent flight performance. The aircraft was mass-manufactured from March 1943 to June 1945, and a total of 2,748 aircraft were produced. Flight experiments were carried out on the Central Front in August 1943 by the 16VA ("Vozdushnaya Armia" - Air Army).

Introduced in the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27, the Yak-9T is an anti-tank variant with a 37 mm Nudelman-Suranov NS-37 gun capable of firing armour-piercing ammunition that can readily penetrate tank roof armour while diving. Since the ammo capacity is limited to 30 rounds due to the increased weight of the weapon, precise aiming is essential. It is advisable to fire only in short bursts, as continuous firing reduces accuracy and quickly overheats the cannon barrel. This, paired with the Yak-9 fighter aircraft family's superb low-altitude performance, will undoubtedly make the Yak-9T an excellent close-air support plane in the hands of an experienced player.

== General info ==

=== '''Dimensions and weight↓''' ===
Length: 8.66 meters

Wingspan: 9.74 metres

Height: 3.00 m

Wing area: 17.20 sq.m

Empty weight: 2550 kg

Plug-in volume: No plug-in capability

Maximum practical weight: 2870 kg

Theoretical wing load: 148.26~166.86 kg/m²

Crew members: 1 person

=== Power configuration ===
Number of engines: 1 unit

Engine country of origin: Soviet Union

Engine brand: Klimov

Engine type: 12-cylinder twin tandem (V12) liquid-cooled piston engine

Engine model: VK-105PF

Pressurization configuration: two-stage pressurization

Engine weight: 600 kg

Idle power: 4 hp

Sea level static power: 1155 hp (402.44~452.94 hp/ton)

Sea level afterburner power: no afterburner function

Static power of two kilometers: 1191 horsepower (414.98~467.06 horsepower/ton)

5,000 meters static power: 1007 horsepower (350.87~394.90 horsepower/ton)

8 km static power: 664 horsepower (231.36~260.39 horsepower/ton)

Optimum altitude for all levels of supercharger: 700 to 2900 m

Peak static power of supercharger at all levels: 1260 1175 horsepower (439.02~494.12 horsepower/ton 409.41~460.78 horsepower/ton)

=== Take-off and landing performance and ground maneuverability ===
Take-off and run distance: 390 meters

Landing run distance: 290 meters

Speed of damage to the landing gear: 320 km / h

Minimum take-off speed: 174 km / h

Landing gear layout: the last three points

Landing Gear Type: Full wheels

Glide turning radius: 5.81 m

Parking elevation angle: 11.3 degrees

=== Endurance ===
Distribution of fuel tanks: 1 on each side of the wing (behind the landing gear compartment) and 1 under the pilot's seat

Internal oil volume: 96~320 kg

Maximum static fuel consumption: 5.04 kg/min

Battery life: 19 minutes 02 seconds ~ 63 minutes 28 seconds

Theoretical range: 1092 km

Combat radius: 215 km

=== Structural strength ===
Critical speed of disintegration: 682 km/h

Aileron rudder criticality: 380 km/h

Elevator lock rudder criticality: 490 km/h

Steering rudder lock rudder criticality: 420 km/h

Flap gear: Off - Landing

Flap damage speed in each gear (excluding closing gear): 280 km/h

=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


Like other Yak fighters, the {{PAGENAME}} has excellent low altitude performance but has abysmal high altitude performance due to the lack of turbo or superchargers incorporated with the engine. When it comes to manoeuvring, the {{PAGENAME}} has a strong rudder allowing for wingovers, hammerheads or other manoeuvres which utilise a rudder kick. The rudder used in combination with the aircraft turning decreases the turning radius allowing it into a tighter spiral, typically creating an advantage during small dogfights and skirmishes. The turn rate on the Yak 9T is far superior to the majority of aircraft in its BR making it suitable for vertical turn fighting. While the {{PAGENAME}} has an average climb rate for fighters at its battle rating, it may struggle to reach bomber altitude, but will still be an easy target for enemy fighters patrolling the upper elevations. Energy retention for the {{PAGENAME}} is decent, though caution is necessary around enemy fighters such as the German Fw 190 which has a more significant energy retention advantage.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 576 || 560 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 18.8 || 19.5 || 13.7 || 13.6 || rowspan="2" | 366
|-
! Upgraded
| 610 || 593 || 17.2 || 18.0 || 18.5 || 16.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 380 || < 420 || < 490 || > 340
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


Comparable to other contemporary fighters, the {{PAGENAME}} has proper protection due to the placement of armour protection and bulletproof glass. While the armour protection serves mostly to protect the pilot, the way the aircraft systems are situated, the vulnerable areas are decently protected. Since the {{PAGENAME}} has excellent pilot protection, it is unlikely that a pilot snipe should occur. Due to strengthened structure and centralizing of the critical components, it is a real possibility for a skilled pilot to clip an enemies plane with a wingtip and remain unscathed, either slicing the enemy's wing or disabling a propeller. Though the {{PAGENAME}} does have fuel tanks located in the wings, they are self-sealing; however, that does not preclude them from catching on fire.

* 64 mm Bulletproof glass in cockpit front
* 64 mm Bulletproof glass pilot's headrest
* 8 mm Steel plate in the pilot's seat

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|NS-37 (37 mm)|Berezin UB (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 37 mm NS-37 cannon, nose-mounted (30 rpg)
* 1 x 12.7 mm Berezin UB machine gun, nose-mounted (200 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

[[File:Cockpit_Yak-9.jpg|thumbnail|right|The Yak-9T's instrument panel.]]
The Yakovlev 9T or Yak-9T as it is most popularly referred to in-game, being the most popular of the Yak-9 variants, is best played differently depending on the situation the pilot finds themselves in.

To begin, don't set any gun convergence. Since this aircraft only has 2 guns, a 37 mm in the middle of the engine and a 12.7mm Berezin UB to the side of it (though not enough to the side to need convergence). If you set convergence, it will actually tilt the 37mm to one side and throw off your aim.

After this, take off and make sure that you take off and immediately climb. A twenty-degree angle may be too much to handle depending on the upgrades purchased on the aircraft, so a fifteen-degree climb is recommended. With it, the pilot keeps much-needed speed and agility. Altitude advantage over your opponent is always preferred, and most pilots of the rank that the Yak-9T fights do not choose to climb over 2,000 m (6,561 ft). A good altitude to climb to is 3,000 m (9,842 ft). In this way, altitude advantage is achieved. Be advised this will not always be the case and some enemies will climb above you. If this happens, try to make them bleed energy until they are slower than you and turn fight them.

At high altitude, the Yak-9T is best suited to energy fighting, which means using the Yak's good energy retention to zoom at an opponent, shoot at them, and then climb up and turn back to your opponent and give chase. The Yak at mid to low altitude is best suited to turn-fighting against all nations except for the Japanese. If facing the Japanese, use the same energy fight tactics as stated above, as Japanese planes will be unable to give chase due to the low energy retention of their lightweight aircraft. The Yak-9T comes equipped with flaps, it is critical you use them, as performance is greatly increased in a turn-fight with them extended.

The Yak-9T and all Yak's suffer from a constant engine overheat, properly watching this temperature is critical because if let go too long, the engine will die and the Yak falls fast. Keep eyes on temp at all times. The best advice is to keep the throttle at 90% or lower when not in combat. The Yak-9T is best suited to colder maps if on a hot map, gain altitude and cruise at 85-90% throttle.

The Yak-9T is also famed for its ability to crack open tanks with its cannon - in air battles, it can penetrate even heavy tanks from the back. If you are going to attempt this, load Ground Targets belts (if you only have default belts, half the shells aren't armour-piercing and won't be able to penetrate tanks), look for some tanks and start shooting them, though you must shoot from behind with heavy and medium tanks. Try to avoid convoys going down roads, as those usually have AA vehicles and the longer you loiter over then the higher chance of being hit, developing oil and/or water leaks, and having to return to base. Ammo conservation is the name of the game here, as you only have 30 rounds for the cannon. If you want to only fire your machine gun, the key is "1" by default, and for the cannon it's "2". If you are attacking soft targets the machine gun (loaded with Ground Targets ammunition) may be better and less of a waste of ammo, roughly a dozen shots can be enough. Likewise, your machine gun is useless for attacking medium and heavy tanks, so only fire the cannon when you attack those.

In Ground RB, the Yak is also quite feared, being able to penetrate most if not all tanks at its BR, providing you aim for behind. Your small size combined with your relatively high speed makes you difficult to shoot down for AA vehicles, and your pilot does have bulletproof glass around and some armour plating behind the pilot, making pilot snipes unlikely.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 37 mm has a reasonably high rate of fire for its calibre
* The 37 mm is powerful, good for disabling or destroying bombers
* The 37 mm is also very good in Ground RB in disabling vehicles
* Berezin UB machine gun is hard-hitting
* Decent manoeuvrability
* Cannon can knock out medium tanks with several hits in the side or rear
* Good energy retention
* Outperforms most contemporary fighters at lower altitudes (under 4,000 m)

'''Cons:'''

* Once the 37 mm runs out of ammo you have a single .50 cal machine gun
* 37 mm has high recoil
* 37 mm is fairly inaccurate even in short bursts
* Lousy high-altitude performance
* Not very fast
* Low rip speed

== History ==


{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}|expand=true}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
The Yak-9 was a Soviet single-engine fighter of the WWII era. It was the first combat aircraft designed by Alexander Yakovlev's construction bureau. The most mass-produced Soviet fighter of the war, it remained in production from October 1942 to December 1948, with a total of 16,769 built.

The Yak-9 was a further modification of the Yak-1 and Yak-7. In its core design, it was a redesign of the Yak-7. With few external differences, Yak-9 was at the same time much more advanced internally. This is not unexpected, as almost two years of design and combat experience of the Yak series went into the Yak-9. Also, at the time aluminium was in much greater supply than it had been two years previously at the start of the war. Amongst other things, the use of metal allowed the plane's weight to be significantly reduced, meaning that more fuel could be stored and that the aircraft could be equipped with more powerful armament and more specialized equipment.

The Yak-9T variant, for instance, had an incredibly powerful 37 mm NS-37 cannon firing through the propeller hub. Due to the length of the gun barrel, the pilot's seat had to be moved 40 cm aft, and the airframe was strengthened. The variant carried 30 to 32 cannon shells, as well as 200-220 rounds for the synchronized UB machine gun. Salvo weight for the variant was a whopping 3.74 kg (8.24 lbs). The 37 mm gun allowed for fire at increased ranges, up to 1,200 yards against bomber formations, and 500-600 yards against single non-manoeuvring bombers. The Yak-9T was also successful against ground targets. Armour-piercing shells, fired from 500 yards at an angle of 45 degrees, could penetrate 30 mm of armour. In late 1943, the Yak-9T was used in an anti-shipping role in the Black Sea. A total of 2,748 Yak-9s were built between March 1943 and June 1945.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=yak-9t Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|ObEcMPqFBbE|'''The Shooting Range #259''' - ''Tips & Tricks'' section at 08:09 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/109517-yakovlev-yak-9t/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Yakovlev}}
{{USSR fighters}}

Yak-9T

2024-03-30T17:42:37Z

U141583682: /* General info */

{{About
| about = Soviet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = the French version
| link-1 = Challe's Yak-9T (France)
| usage-2 = other versions
| link-2 = Yak-9 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=yak-9t
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''Yakovlev Yak-9T''' was the second variant of the [[Yak-9 (Family)|Yak-9 fighter aircraft family]]. Instead of the usual 20 mm ShVAK cannon, it was armed with a 37 mm Nudelman-Suranov NS-37 cannon with 30 rounds. To compensate for the heavier nose, the cockpit was shifted backwards by 0.4 m. Poor quality control resulted in many oil and coolant leaks from the cannon recoil during test firing, which were solved during the prototype testing stage. Recoil and limited ammunition availability necessitated precise aiming with two- or three-round bursts. The Yak-9T was widely used against enemy ships on the Black Sea and tanks on various fronts (the cannon could penetrate up to 40 mm armour from 500 m), but it was also effective against enemy aircraft (a single cannon hit was usually enough to tear apart the aircraft airframe). Yak-9T had a significant morale impact on the opponent. It was extremely popular among flight crews, owing to its formidable weaponry and excellent flight performance. The aircraft was mass-manufactured from March 1943 to June 1945, and a total of 2,748 aircraft were produced. Flight experiments were carried out on the Central Front in August 1943 by the 16VA ("Vozdushnaya Armia" - Air Army).

Introduced in the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27, the Yak-9T is an anti-tank variant with a 37 mm Nudelman-Suranov NS-37 gun capable of firing armour-piercing ammunition that can readily penetrate tank roof armour while diving. Since the ammo capacity is limited to 30 rounds due to the increased weight of the weapon, precise aiming is essential. It is advisable to fire only in short bursts, as continuous firing reduces accuracy and quickly overheats the cannon barrel. This, paired with the Yak-9 fighter aircraft family's superb low-altitude performance, will undoubtedly make the Yak-9T an excellent close-air support plane in the hands of an experienced player.

== General info ==

=== '''Dimensions and weight↓''' ===
Length: 8.66 meters

Wingspan: 9.74 metres

Height: 3.00 m

Wing area: 17.20 sq.m

Empty weight: 2550 kg

Plug-in volume: No plug-in capability

Maximum practical weight: 2870 kg

Theoretical wing load: 148.26~166.86 kg/m²

Crew members: 1 person

=== Power configuration ===
Number of engines: 1 unit

Engine country of origin: Soviet Union

Engine brand: Klimov

Engine type: 12-cylinder twin tandem (V12) liquid-cooled piston engine

Engine model: VK-105PF

Pressurization configuration: two-stage pressurization

Engine weight: 600 kg

Idle power: 4 hp

Sea level static power: 1155 hp (402.44~452.94 hp/ton)

Sea level afterburner power: no afterburner function

Static power of two kilometers: 1191 horsepower (414.98~467.06 horsepower/ton)

5,000 meters static power: 1007 horsepower (350.87~394.90 horsepower/ton)

8 km static power: 664 horsepower (231.36~260.39 horsepower/ton)

Optimum altitude for all levels of supercharger: 700 to 2900 m

Peak static power of supercharger at all levels: 1260 1175 horsepower (439.02~494.12 horsepower/ton 409.41~460.78 horsepower/ton)

=== Take-off and landing performance and ground maneuverability ===
Take-off and run distance: 390 meters

Landing run distance: 290 meters

Speed of damage to the landing gear: 320 km / h

Minimum take-off speed: 174 km / h

Landing gear layout: the last three points

Landing Gear Type: Full wheels

Glide turning radius: 5.81 m

Parking elevation angle: 11.3 degrees

=== Endurance ===
Distribution of fuel tanks: 1 on each side of the wing (behind the landing gear compartment) and 1 under the pilot's seat

Internal oil volume: 96~320 kg

Maximum static fuel consumption: 5.04 kg/min

Battery life: 19 minutes 02 seconds ~ 63 minutes 28 seconds

Theoretical range: 1092 km

Combat radius: 215 km

=== Structural strength ===
Critical speed of disintegration: 682 km/h

Aileron rudder criticality: 380 km/h

Elevator lock rudder criticality: 490 km/h

Steering rudder lock rudder criticality: 420 km/h

Flap gear: Off - Landing

Flap damage speed in each gear (excluding closing gear): 280 km/h

=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


Like other Yak fighters, the {{PAGENAME}} has excellent low altitude performance but has abysmal high altitude performance due to the lack of turbo or superchargers incorporated with the engine. When it comes to manoeuvring, the {{PAGENAME}} has a strong rudder allowing for wingovers, hammerheads or other manoeuvres which utilise a rudder kick. The rudder used in combination with the aircraft turning decreases the turning radius allowing it into a tighter spiral, typically creating an advantage during small dogfights and skirmishes. The turn rate on the Yak 9T is far superior to the majority of aircraft in its BR making it suitable for vertical turn fighting. While the {{PAGENAME}} has an average climb rate for fighters at its battle rating, it may struggle to reach bomber altitude, but will still be an easy target for enemy fighters patrolling the upper elevations. Energy retention for the {{PAGENAME}} is decent, though caution is necessary around enemy fighters such as the German Fw 190 which has a more significant energy retention advantage.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 576 || 560 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 18.8 || 19.5 || 13.7 || 13.6 || rowspan="2" | 366
|-
! Upgraded
| 610 || 593 || 17.2 || 18.0 || 18.5 || 16.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 683  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || 280 || ~12 || ~9
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 380 || < 420 || < 490 || > 340
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


Comparable to other contemporary fighters, the {{PAGENAME}} has proper protection due to the placement of armour protection and bulletproof glass. While the armour protection serves mostly to protect the pilot, the way the aircraft systems are situated, the vulnerable areas are decently protected. Since the {{PAGENAME}} has excellent pilot protection, it is unlikely that a pilot snipe should occur. Due to strengthened structure and centralizing of the critical components, it is a real possibility for a skilled pilot to clip an enemies plane with a wingtip and remain unscathed, either slicing the enemy's wing or disabling a propeller. Though the {{PAGENAME}} does have fuel tanks located in the wings, they are self-sealing; however, that does not preclude them from catching on fire.

* 64 mm Bulletproof glass in cockpit front
* 64 mm Bulletproof glass pilot's headrest
* 8 mm Steel plate in the pilot's seat

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|NS-37 (37 mm)|Berezin UB (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 37 mm NS-37 cannon, nose-mounted (30 rpg)
* 1 x 12.7 mm Berezin UB machine gun, nose-mounted (200 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

[[File:Cockpit_Yak-9.jpg|thumbnail|right|The Yak-9T's instrument panel.]]
The Yakovlev 9T or Yak-9T as it is most popularly referred to in-game, being the most popular of the Yak-9 variants, is best played differently depending on the situation the pilot finds themselves in.

To begin, don't set any gun convergence. Since this aircraft only has 2 guns, a 37 mm in the middle of the engine and a 12.7mm Berezin UB to the side of it (though not enough to the side to need convergence). If you set convergence, it will actually tilt the 37mm to one side and throw off your aim.

After this, take off and make sure that you take off and immediately climb. A twenty-degree angle may be too much to handle depending on the upgrades purchased on the aircraft, so a fifteen-degree climb is recommended. With it, the pilot keeps much-needed speed and agility. Altitude advantage over your opponent is always preferred, and most pilots of the rank that the Yak-9T fights do not choose to climb over 2,000 m (6,561 ft). A good altitude to climb to is 3,000 m (9,842 ft). In this way, altitude advantage is achieved. Be advised this will not always be the case and some enemies will climb above you. If this happens, try to make them bleed energy until they are slower than you and turn fight them.

At high altitude, the Yak-9T is best suited to energy fighting, which means using the Yak's good energy retention to zoom at an opponent, shoot at them, and then climb up and turn back to your opponent and give chase. The Yak at mid to low altitude is best suited to turn-fighting against all nations except for the Japanese. If facing the Japanese, use the same energy fight tactics as stated above, as Japanese planes will be unable to give chase due to the low energy retention of their lightweight aircraft. The Yak-9T comes equipped with flaps, it is critical you use them, as performance is greatly increased in a turn-fight with them extended.

The Yak-9T and all Yak's suffer from a constant engine overheat, properly watching this temperature is critical because if let go too long, the engine will die and the Yak falls fast. Keep eyes on temp at all times. The best advice is to keep the throttle at 90% or lower when not in combat. The Yak-9T is best suited to colder maps if on a hot map, gain altitude and cruise at 85-90% throttle.

The Yak-9T is also famed for its ability to crack open tanks with its cannon - in air battles, it can penetrate even heavy tanks from the back. If you are going to attempt this, load Ground Targets belts (if you only have default belts, half the shells aren't armour-piercing and won't be able to penetrate tanks), look for some tanks and start shooting them, though you must shoot from behind with heavy and medium tanks. Try to avoid convoys going down roads, as those usually have AA vehicles and the longer you loiter over then the higher chance of being hit, developing oil and/or water leaks, and having to return to base. Ammo conservation is the name of the game here, as you only have 30 rounds for the cannon. If you want to only fire your machine gun, the key is "1" by default, and for the cannon it's "2". If you are attacking soft targets the machine gun (loaded with Ground Targets ammunition) may be better and less of a waste of ammo, roughly a dozen shots can be enough. Likewise, your machine gun is useless for attacking medium and heavy tanks, so only fire the cannon when you attack those.

In Ground RB, the Yak is also quite feared, being able to penetrate most if not all tanks at its BR, providing you aim for behind. Your small size combined with your relatively high speed makes you difficult to shoot down for AA vehicles, and your pilot does have bulletproof glass around and some armour plating behind the pilot, making pilot snipes unlikely.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 37 mm has a reasonably high rate of fire for its calibre
* The 37 mm is powerful, good for disabling or destroying bombers
* The 37 mm is also very good in Ground RB in disabling vehicles
* Berezin UB machine gun is hard-hitting
* Decent manoeuvrability
* Cannon can knock out medium tanks with several hits in the side or rear
* Good energy retention
* Outperforms most contemporary fighters at lower altitudes (under 4,000 m)

'''Cons:'''

* Once the 37 mm runs out of ammo you have a single .50 cal machine gun
* 37 mm has high recoil
* 37 mm is fairly inaccurate even in short bursts
* Lousy high-altitude performance
* Not very fast
* Low rip speed

== History ==


{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}|expand=true}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
The Yak-9 was a Soviet single-engine fighter of the WWII era. It was the first combat aircraft designed by Alexander Yakovlev's construction bureau. The most mass-produced Soviet fighter of the war, it remained in production from October 1942 to December 1948, with a total of 16,769 built.

The Yak-9 was a further modification of the Yak-1 and Yak-7. In its core design, it was a redesign of the Yak-7. With few external differences, Yak-9 was at the same time much more advanced internally. This is not unexpected, as almost two years of design and combat experience of the Yak series went into the Yak-9. Also, at the time aluminium was in much greater supply than it had been two years previously at the start of the war. Amongst other things, the use of metal allowed the plane's weight to be significantly reduced, meaning that more fuel could be stored and that the aircraft could be equipped with more powerful armament and more specialized equipment.

The Yak-9T variant, for instance, had an incredibly powerful 37 mm NS-37 cannon firing through the propeller hub. Due to the length of the gun barrel, the pilot's seat had to be moved 40 cm aft, and the airframe was strengthened. The variant carried 30 to 32 cannon shells, as well as 200-220 rounds for the synchronized UB machine gun. Salvo weight for the variant was a whopping 3.74 kg (8.24 lbs). The 37 mm gun allowed for fire at increased ranges, up to 1,200 yards against bomber formations, and 500-600 yards against single non-manoeuvring bombers. The Yak-9T was also successful against ground targets. Armour-piercing shells, fired from 500 yards at an angle of 45 degrees, could penetrate 30 mm of armour. In late 1943, the Yak-9T was used in an anti-shipping role in the Black Sea. A total of 2,748 Yak-9s were built between March 1943 and June 1945.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=yak-9t Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|ObEcMPqFBbE|'''The Shooting Range #259''' - ''Tips & Tricks'' section at 08:09 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/109517-yakovlev-yak-9t/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Yakovlev}}
{{USSR fighters}}

Lvkv 42

2024-03-30T17:30:51Z

U141583682: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=sw_lvkv_42
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''lvkv 42''' was developed by the Swedish arms manufacturer Bofors on request from the Swedish army as a 1950s next generation Swedish SPAA following the 1940s limited production lvkv fm/43 SPAA. Two prototypes based on a new original chassis-design were built and delivered for testing late December 1953 and early January 1954 respectively after various delays. In the end the project was scrapped as SPAAs with integrated radars became more necessary.

It was introduced in [[Update 1.97 "Viking Fury"]]. In similar fashion to the ZSU-57, the '''{{Specs|name}}''' is an SPAA particularly deadly for enemy tanks. It has access to a powerful 40 mm cannon with a good fire rate. It also features SAPHEI shells in some of its belts, which helps against lightly armoured vehicles. Flanking is a good idea, although the speed is not the best, it's still agile enough to get to good positions to ambush other tanks. Like most SPAAs of its tier, it's very fragile, and most HE or HEAT shells would kill you in a single hit, the gun lacks access to APHE shells in all of its belts and using its only cannon against enemy aircraft may be challenging to inexperienced players.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}
''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 284|rbMinHp= 177}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|lvakan m/48 (40 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[lvakan m/48 (40 mm)|40 mm lvakan m/48]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 104 (8) || rowspan="2" | 240 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+90° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 61.6 || 85.3 || 103.6 || 114.6 || 121.9 || rowspan="2" | 0.65 || rowspan="2" | 0.58 || rowspan="2" | 0.53 || rowspan="2" | 0.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 41.6 || 49.0 || 59.5 || 65.8 || 70.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}
* '''slsgr m/36C:''' {{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}
* '''slhpgr m/43:''' {{Annotation|SAPHEI|Semi armour-piercing high-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|SAPHEI|Semi armour-piercing high-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|SAPHEI|Semi armour-piercing high-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}

{{:lvakan m/48 (40 mm)/Ammunition|HEFI-T, AP, SAPHEI}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''13''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good penetration, excellent Swedish 40 mm performance can make quick work of enemy light tanks as well as medium units if utilized correctly!
* Very fast turret traverse and elevation rate (can reach 70°/s with an aced crew)
* Stock belt alternates between AP and HE every other round, making it a very effective all-purpose belt
* 240 RPM, only the Ostwind and AMX-13 DCA 40 is on par with the fire rate
* Very nimble, its agility can get you safely around the battlefield

'''Cons:'''

* Paper thin armour, very easy to be disabled or entirely knocked out by incoming HMG fire or strafing aircraft
* Low ammo storage, quickly runs out of ammunition when engaging several threats
* Along with the poor armour, the turret crew's heads are visible - making them easy targets for enemy machine gun fire

====== summary ======
This type of combat vehicle is a prototype of an anti-aircraft tank opened by Sweden in the mid-to-late 40s of the 20th century, with good burst firepower, ideal mobility, and a good performance of the steering machine and the high and low machine system, but there are defects such as weak armor and scarce ammunition .In terms of appearance, the car generally resembles the AMX 13/40 anti-aircraft tank, with a more angular front of the hull, a softer and more rounded turret, and the radio antenna on the right side of the turret instead of the left.

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=sw_lvkv_42 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[Ostwind]]
* [[AMX-13 DCA 40]]

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{TankManufacturer AB Bofors}}
{{Sweden anti-aircraft vehicles}}

A21A-3

2024-03-30T17:22:49Z

U141583682: /* Details */

{{About
| about = Swedish fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = J21 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=saab_a21a_3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_saab_a21a_3.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]].

== General info ==

=== '''Dimensions and weight''' ===
{| class="wikitable"
!
!Length
!Wingspan
!Height
!Wing area
!
|-
|
|10.45 m
|11.60 m
|3.97 m
|22.20 sq.m
|
|-
!
!Empty weight
!Plug-in capacity
!practical weight
!Theoretical wing load
!
|-
|
|3570 kg
|750 kg
|4702 kg
|160.81~211.80 kg/m²
|
|}
Crew members: 1 person

=== '''Power configuration''' ===

Number of engines: 1 unit

Engine Country of Origin: Germany

Engine brand: Daimler Mercedes-Benz

Engine type: 12-cylinder twin tandem (V12) liquid-cooled piston engine

Engine model: DB605B

Pressurization configuration: No pressurization system

Engine weight: 720 kg

Idle power: 1 horsepower

Sea level static power: 1283 horsepower (272.86~359.38 horsepower/ton)

Sea level afterburner power: 1445 horsepower (307.32~404.76 horsepower/ton)

Two kilometers static power: 1362 horsepower (289.66~381.51 horsepower/ton)

5,000 meters static power: 1296 horsepower (275.63~363.03 horsepower/ton)

8 km static power: 1043 horsepower (221.82~292.16 horsepower/ton)

=== '''Take-off and landing performance and ground maneuverability''' ===

Take-off and running distance: 480 meters

Landing run distance: 290 meters

Speed of damage to the landing gear: 325 km / h

Minimum take-off speed: 155 km / h

Landing gear layout: the first three points

Landing Gear Type: Full wheels

Glide turning radius: 6.15 m

Parking elevation angle: -3.2 degrees

=== Endurance ===

Fuel tank distribution: 1 behind the pilot's seat and 1 at the end of each wing

Internal oil volume: 115~382 kg

Maximum static fuel consumption: 5.08 kg/min

Battery life: 22 minutes 34 seconds ~ 75 minutes 14 seconds

Theoretical range: 1227 km

Combat radius: 245 km

=== Structural Strength ===

Critical speed of disintegration: 683 km/h

Aileron rudder criticality: 450 km/h

Elevator lock rudder critical: 420 km/h

Steering rudder lock rudder criticality: 390 km/h

Flap gears: Off-Operational-Takeoff-Landing

Flap damage speed in each gear (excluding closed gear): 445-425-325 km/h

=== Flight performance ===

{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The A21A-3 has a poor climb rate and fairly low acceleration, making it ineffective as an energy or boom-and-zoom fighter unless you commit to a side climb. The aircraft has great turning characteristics at almost all speeds, and maintains speed in horizontal turns well enough, though it will stall quickly in any vertical manoeuvres. The aircraft maintains most of its turning ability with heavy loads, but suffers greatly in climb ability. If you wish to take an altitude advantage, forgo any loads.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,300 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 616 || 599 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.0 || 21.9 || 12.6 || 12.6 || rowspan="2" | 300
|-
! Upgraded
| 666 || 640 || 19.0 || 20.0 || 19.0 || 15.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
[[File:J21 Armour Plating.png|450px|thumb|right|Protective components found in the '''{{PAGENAME}}'''.]]

{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

* 10 mm steel - Firewall armour plate
* 10 mm steel - Firewall cover armour plate
* 10 mm steel - Pilot's back armour plate
* 60 mm bulletproof glass
* Engine fire system (EFS)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" |[[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
!CCIP (Guns)!!CCIP (Rockets)!!CCIP (Bombs)!!CCRP (Bombs)
|-
|{{Cross}}||{{Cross}}||{{Cross}}||{{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===

{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Akan m/45 (20 mm)|Akan m/39A (13.2 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 20 mm Akan m/45 cannon, nose-mounted (140 rpg)
* 2 x 13.2 mm Akan m/39A machine guns, nose-mounted (350 rpg = 700 total)
* 2 x 13.2 mm Akan m/39A machine guns, wing-mounted (325 rpg = 650 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|sb m/47 (50 kg)|mb m/40 (250 kg)|mb m/41 (500 kg)|mb m/50 (600 kg)}}
{{main|hprak m/49|psrak m/49A|srak m/51}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x 50 kg sb m/47 bombs (200 kg total)
* 1 x 250 kg mb m/40 bomb (250 kg total)
* 1 x 500 kg mb m/41 bomb (500 kg total)
* 1 x 600 kg mb m/50 bomb (600 kg total)
* 8 x psrak m/49A rockets
* 8 x srak m/51 rockets
* 2 x hprak m/49 rockets

== Usage in battles ==


Boasting extremely good turning characteristics, a stable platform, decent speed and accurate, powerful guns, the A21A-3 is an extremely effective aircraft for both dogfighting and ground attack duties. The Swedish 13.2 mm Akan m/39A guns are devastating to lighter aircraft thanks to their anti-air belts with plentiful HE, and the nose mounted 20 mm cannon makes short work of larger targets as long as you are accurate. In air-to-air battles, the aircraft is best suited to catch opponents low on energy. Only a few aircraft at its BR are able to turn as well as the A21A-3 at low altitude, and the aircraft remains stable even in low speed turns to keep guns on target. It is wise to keep fights short though, as the A21A-3 is a terrible climber, and is an easy target for boom and zoom fighters if engaged in a fight.

On the other hand, the A21A-3 makes for an extremely effective ground-and-pound aircraft, capable of destroying an enemy base with its 600 kg bomb in some air RB game modes, access to some of the best rockets weight-for-weight at its battle rating, and a significant amount of ammunition for its guns to attack ground units. The aircraft's low speed stability makes short dipping attack runs on ground units easy, and the good firepower means you don't have to stay on target for too long.

The quad 13.2 mm machine guns get access to high-explosive rounds, which are very potent when attacking smaller ground targets, such as Howitzers, AA and armoured cars, often requiring a very short burst to take care of them. The 20 mm cannon is able to destroy light pillboxes. However, quite large bursts are required to take them down.

It is important to take care that enemy aircraft do not get a chance to attack you from behind, however. The A21A-3, as a pusher aircraft, can be brought down quickly when tailed. The engine is poorly armoured, with a tiny water and oil reserve and runs at a high temperature. Additionally, there is a fuel tank between the cockpit and engine which will not survive even a glancing hit. If you are attacked and suffer an oil or water leak you will need to land at your base as quickly as possible, the engine will burn out within minutes of an overheat. The large control surface of the tail is also a vulnerability.

In ground RB, the aircraft can perform well at almost any BR, as its 600 kg bomb can be used effectively to clear points and entrenched enemy tanks of any size with a whopping 18 m destruction range, with a fighter's SP cost it can be an invaluable CAS asset to a team.
[[File:A21A-3 flying over a body of water.jpg|thumb|A21A-3 flying]]

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Quite manoeuvrable, even with wing-tip fuel tanks
* A stable flying platform, does not stall in level flight even with the throttle set to zero
* Engine protected from head-on attacks
* Most armament is nose-mounted
* Armed with extremely powerful 13.2 mm guns with decent ammunition pool and destructive AA belts
* Access to powerful and accurate rockets and devastating bombs for ground RB
* 600 kg bomb can destroy an enemy base in some air RB game modes.

'''Cons:'''

* Pusher aircraft, engine mounted facing rear, exposed to enemy aircraft which may follow
* Required to set convergence due to wing-mounted machine guns
* Terrible climb rate, despite decent acceleration
* Loses speed in vertical manoeuvres extremely quickly
* Lacks airbrake
* Fragile and vulnerable engine from rear attacks, even water or oil leaks will tend to cause the aircraft to crash as the engine burns out quickly.
* Engine overheats quickly when on WEP

== History ==

[[File:A21A-3 Museum.jpg|thumb|400x400px|SAAB A21A-3 on display at Söderhamn /F15 Aviation Museum, Söderhamn, Sweden]]
The [[J21 (Family)|SAAB 21]] was a twin-boom propeller fighter used by the Swedish air force. A unique design, it had a pusher-configuration engine and a twin-boom tail, giving it a very unique appearance. The A21A-3 was a variant of the SAAB 21, designed for ground attack. As a result, it was equipped with a bomb sight, and was able to carry suspended ordnance and a RATO (Rocket-assisted takeoff) pod. 66 A21A-3 aircraft were built between 1947 and 1949, and served as the primary ground attacker until the introduction of more capable jet aircraft.<ref name=":0">Aceto, G. (2019)</ref>

=== Design and development ===
In the early 1940s, it was apparent that Sweden badly needed a new fighter aircraft. Thus, Sweden ordered SAAB to design a new aircraft based on the German Daimler-Benz DB 601, 603 or 605 engine. At that time, the German and Swedish had a series of neutrality agreements, allowing Sweden to import the German-made aircraft engines.<ref name=":0" /> One radical configuration considered was a twin-boom aircraft, similar to the P-38 Lightning, but with a single rear-mounted engine in pusher configuration. However, SAAB was initially asked to instead produce the J23, a more conventional aircraft design.<ref name=":0" />

In late 1941, the Swedish air ministry reverted on its previous decision and asked the SAAB firm to produce the J21 design. Thus, design work progressed through 1942 and 1943. The final prototype featured a twin-boom wing with a single DB-605B engine, and carried a main armament of one 20 mm cannon along with four 12.7 mm heavy machine guns. The first prototype flew in mid-1943, but was quickly revealed to have inferior performance to the [[Fw 190 (Family)|Fw 190]], [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfire]] and [[P-51 (Family)|P-51]] Mustang. However, 484 aircraft were ordered anyway.<ref name=":0" />

In 1945, SAAB began designing a series of second-generation J21 aircraft designed specifically for the air-to-ground role. This resulted in the A21A-3. The aircraft had a bombsight, and was able to use RATO (Rocket-assisted takeoff) pods, bombs or rockets. The Swedish Air Force eventually ordered 66 aircraft between 1947 and 1949.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">Editors of Military Wikia. (2020)</ref>

=== Operational History ===
The A21A entered service in 1947, but had an extremely short service life. The aircraft's poor performance and relative obsolescence meant that it served for an extremely short time. The 66 A21 aircraft built were quickly replaced by the more modern [[J29 (Family)|J29]] Tunnan and British de Havilland [[J28B|Vampire]]. The last A21A aircraft were retired in 1954. However, it is worth noting that SAAB also experimented with coupling a jet engine to the J21 airframe; this resulted in the [[A21RB]], a unique aircraft coupling the J21's fuselage with a de Havilland Ghost engine.<ref name=":1" /> Three A21A aircraft survive, all kept in Swedish museums.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=saab_a21a_3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|KmZ265375S0|'''A21A-3 "Is everything in this tree broken!?" PLANES''' - ''WeadraPlays''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[J21 (Family)]]

;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* [[SM.91]]
* [[SM.92]]
* [[S.O.8000 Narval]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/474726-saab-j21a-1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

=== References ===

;Citations
<references />

;Bibliography

* Aceto, G. (2019, July 19). The Saab J21. Retrieved November 20, 2020, from <nowiki>https://articles.historynet.com/the-saab-j21.htm</nowiki>
* Editors of Military Wikia. (2020). SAAB 21. Retrieved November 20, 2020, from <nowiki>https://military.wikia.org/wiki/SAAB_21</nowiki>

{{AirManufacturer Saab}}
{{Sweden fighters}}

A21A-3

2024-03-30T17:21:10Z

U141583682: /* Dimensions and weight */

{{About
| about = Swedish fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = J21 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=saab_a21a_3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_saab_a21a_3.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]].

== General info ==

=== '''Dimensions and weight''' ===
{| class="wikitable"
!
!Length
!Wingspan
!Height
!Wing area
!
|-
|
|10.45 m
|11.60 m
|3.97 m
|22.20 sq.m
|
|-
!
!Empty weight
!Plug-in capacity
!practical weight
!Theoretical wing load
!
|-
|
|3570 kg
|750 kg
|4702 kg
|160.81~211.80 kg/m²
|
|}
Crew members: 1 person

=== '''Power configuration''' ===

Number of engines: 1 unit

Engine Country of Origin: Germany

Engine brand: Daimler Mercedes-Benz

Engine type: 12-cylinder twin tandem (V12) liquid-cooled piston engine

Engine model: DB605B

Pressurization configuration: No pressurization system

Engine weight: 720 kg

Idle power: 1 horsepower

Sea level static power: 1283 horsepower (272.86~359.38 horsepower/ton)

Sea level afterburner power: 1445 horsepower (307.32~404.76 horsepower/ton)

Two kilometers static power: 1362 horsepower (289.66~381.51 horsepower/ton)

5,000 meters static power: 1296 horsepower (275.63~363.03 horsepower/ton)

8 km static power: 1043 horsepower (221.82~292.16 horsepower/ton)

=== '''Take-off and landing performance and ground maneuverability''' ===

Take-off and running distance: 480 meters

Landing run distance: 290 meters

Speed of damage to the landing gear: 325 km / h

Minimum take-off speed: 155 km / h

Landing gear layout: the first three points

Landing Gear Type: Full wheels

Glide turning radius: 6.15 m

Parking elevation angle: -3.2 degrees

=== Endurance ===

Fuel tank distribution: 1 behind the pilot's seat and 1 at the end of each wing

Internal oil volume: 115~382 kg

Maximum static fuel consumption: 5.08 kg/min

Battery life: 22 minutes 34 seconds ~ 75 minutes 14 seconds

Theoretical range: 1227 km

Combat radius: 245 km

=== Structural Strength ===

Critical speed of disintegration: 683 km/h

Aileron rudder criticality: 450 km/h

Elevator lock rudder critical: 420 km/h

Steering rudder lock rudder criticality: 390 km/h

Flap gears: Off-Operational-Takeoff-Landing

Flap damage speed in each gear (excluding closed gear): 445-425-325 km/h

=== Flight performance ===

{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The A21A-3 has a poor climb rate and fairly low acceleration, making it ineffective as an energy or boom-and-zoom fighter unless you commit to a side climb. The aircraft has great turning characteristics at almost all speeds, and maintains speed in horizontal turns well enough, though it will stall quickly in any vertical manoeuvres. The aircraft maintains most of its turning ability with heavy loads, but suffers greatly in climb ability. If you wish to take an altitude advantage, forgo any loads.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,300 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 616 || 599 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.0 || 21.9 || 12.6 || 12.6 || rowspan="2" | 300
|-
! Upgraded
| 666 || 640 || 19.0 || 20.0 || 19.0 || 15.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 445 || 425 || 325 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 450 || < 390 || < 420 || > 715
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
[[File:J21 Armour Plating.png|450px|thumb|right|Protective components found in the '''{{PAGENAME}}'''.]]

{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

* 10 mm steel - Firewall armour plate
* 10 mm steel - Firewall cover armour plate
* 10 mm steel - Pilot's back armour plate
* 60 mm bulletproof glass
* Engine fire system (EFS)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" |[[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
!CCIP (Guns)!!CCIP (Rockets)!!CCIP (Bombs)!!CCRP (Bombs)
|-
|{{Cross}}||{{Cross}}||{{Cross}}||{{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===

{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Akan m/45 (20 mm)|Akan m/39A (13.2 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 20 mm Akan m/45 cannon, nose-mounted (140 rpg)
* 2 x 13.2 mm Akan m/39A machine guns, nose-mounted (350 rpg = 700 total)
* 2 x 13.2 mm Akan m/39A machine guns, wing-mounted (325 rpg = 650 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|sb m/47 (50 kg)|mb m/40 (250 kg)|mb m/41 (500 kg)|mb m/50 (600 kg)}}
{{main|hprak m/49|psrak m/49A|srak m/51}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x 50 kg sb m/47 bombs (200 kg total)
* 1 x 250 kg mb m/40 bomb (250 kg total)
* 1 x 500 kg mb m/41 bomb (500 kg total)
* 1 x 600 kg mb m/50 bomb (600 kg total)
* 8 x psrak m/49A rockets
* 8 x srak m/51 rockets
* 2 x hprak m/49 rockets

== Usage in battles ==


Boasting extremely good turning characteristics, a stable platform, decent speed and accurate, powerful guns, the A21A-3 is an extremely effective aircraft for both dogfighting and ground attack duties. The Swedish 13.2 mm Akan m/39A guns are devastating to lighter aircraft thanks to their anti-air belts with plentiful HE, and the nose mounted 20 mm cannon makes short work of larger targets as long as you are accurate. In air-to-air battles, the aircraft is best suited to catch opponents low on energy. Only a few aircraft at its BR are able to turn as well as the A21A-3 at low altitude, and the aircraft remains stable even in low speed turns to keep guns on target. It is wise to keep fights short though, as the A21A-3 is a terrible climber, and is an easy target for boom and zoom fighters if engaged in a fight.

On the other hand, the A21A-3 makes for an extremely effective ground-and-pound aircraft, capable of destroying an enemy base with its 600 kg bomb in some air RB game modes, access to some of the best rockets weight-for-weight at its battle rating, and a significant amount of ammunition for its guns to attack ground units. The aircraft's low speed stability makes short dipping attack runs on ground units easy, and the good firepower means you don't have to stay on target for too long.

The quad 13.2 mm machine guns get access to high-explosive rounds, which are very potent when attacking smaller ground targets, such as Howitzers, AA and armoured cars, often requiring a very short burst to take care of them. The 20 mm cannon is able to destroy light pillboxes. However, quite large bursts are required to take them down.

It is important to take care that enemy aircraft do not get a chance to attack you from behind, however. The A21A-3, as a pusher aircraft, can be brought down quickly when tailed. The engine is poorly armoured, with a tiny water and oil reserve and runs at a high temperature. Additionally, there is a fuel tank between the cockpit and engine which will not survive even a glancing hit. If you are attacked and suffer an oil or water leak you will need to land at your base as quickly as possible, the engine will burn out within minutes of an overheat. The large control surface of the tail is also a vulnerability.

In ground RB, the aircraft can perform well at almost any BR, as its 600 kg bomb can be used effectively to clear points and entrenched enemy tanks of any size with a whopping 18 m destruction range, with a fighter's SP cost it can be an invaluable CAS asset to a team.
[[File:A21A-3 flying over a body of water.jpg|thumb|A21A-3 flying]]

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Quite manoeuvrable, even with wing-tip fuel tanks
* A stable flying platform, does not stall in level flight even with the throttle set to zero
* Engine protected from head-on attacks
* Most armament is nose-mounted
* Armed with extremely powerful 13.2 mm guns with decent ammunition pool and destructive AA belts
* Access to powerful and accurate rockets and devastating bombs for ground RB
* 600 kg bomb can destroy an enemy base in some air RB game modes.

'''Cons:'''

* Pusher aircraft, engine mounted facing rear, exposed to enemy aircraft which may follow
* Required to set convergence due to wing-mounted machine guns
* Terrible climb rate, despite decent acceleration
* Loses speed in vertical manoeuvres extremely quickly
* Lacks airbrake
* Fragile and vulnerable engine from rear attacks, even water or oil leaks will tend to cause the aircraft to crash as the engine burns out quickly.
* Engine overheats quickly when on WEP

== History ==

[[File:A21A-3 Museum.jpg|thumb|400x400px|SAAB A21A-3 on display at Söderhamn /F15 Aviation Museum, Söderhamn, Sweden]]
The [[J21 (Family)|SAAB 21]] was a twin-boom propeller fighter used by the Swedish air force. A unique design, it had a pusher-configuration engine and a twin-boom tail, giving it a very unique appearance. The A21A-3 was a variant of the SAAB 21, designed for ground attack. As a result, it was equipped with a bomb sight, and was able to carry suspended ordnance and a RATO (Rocket-assisted takeoff) pod. 66 A21A-3 aircraft were built between 1947 and 1949, and served as the primary ground attacker until the introduction of more capable jet aircraft.<ref name=":0">Aceto, G. (2019)</ref>

=== Design and development ===
In the early 1940s, it was apparent that Sweden badly needed a new fighter aircraft. Thus, Sweden ordered SAAB to design a new aircraft based on the German Daimler-Benz DB 601, 603 or 605 engine. At that time, the German and Swedish had a series of neutrality agreements, allowing Sweden to import the German-made aircraft engines.<ref name=":0" /> One radical configuration considered was a twin-boom aircraft, similar to the P-38 Lightning, but with a single rear-mounted engine in pusher configuration. However, SAAB was initially asked to instead produce the J23, a more conventional aircraft design.<ref name=":0" />

In late 1941, the Swedish air ministry reverted on its previous decision and asked the SAAB firm to produce the J21 design. Thus, design work progressed through 1942 and 1943. The final prototype featured a twin-boom wing with a single DB-605B engine, and carried a main armament of one 20 mm cannon along with four 12.7 mm heavy machine guns. The first prototype flew in mid-1943, but was quickly revealed to have inferior performance to the [[Fw 190 (Family)|Fw 190]], [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfire]] and [[P-51 (Family)|P-51]] Mustang. However, 484 aircraft were ordered anyway.<ref name=":0" />

In 1945, SAAB began designing a series of second-generation J21 aircraft designed specifically for the air-to-ground role. This resulted in the A21A-3. The aircraft had a bombsight, and was able to use RATO (Rocket-assisted takeoff) pods, bombs or rockets. The Swedish Air Force eventually ordered 66 aircraft between 1947 and 1949.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">Editors of Military Wikia. (2020)</ref>

=== Operational History ===
The A21A entered service in 1947, but had an extremely short service life. The aircraft's poor performance and relative obsolescence meant that it served for an extremely short time. The 66 A21 aircraft built were quickly replaced by the more modern [[J29 (Family)|J29]] Tunnan and British de Havilland [[J28B|Vampire]]. The last A21A aircraft were retired in 1954. However, it is worth noting that SAAB also experimented with coupling a jet engine to the J21 airframe; this resulted in the [[A21RB]], a unique aircraft coupling the J21's fuselage with a de Havilland Ghost engine.<ref name=":1" /> Three A21A aircraft survive, all kept in Swedish museums.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=saab_a21a_3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|KmZ265375S0|'''A21A-3 "Is everything in this tree broken!?" PLANES''' - ''WeadraPlays''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[J21 (Family)]]

;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* [[SM.91]]
* [[SM.92]]
* [[S.O.8000 Narval]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/474726-saab-j21a-1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

=== References ===

;Citations
<references />

;Bibliography

* Aceto, G. (2019, July 19). The Saab J21. Retrieved November 20, 2020, from <nowiki>https://articles.historynet.com/the-saab-j21.htm</nowiki>
* Editors of Military Wikia. (2020). SAAB 21. Retrieved November 20, 2020, from <nowiki>https://military.wikia.org/wiki/SAAB_21</nowiki>

{{AirManufacturer Saab}}
{{Sweden fighters}}

A21A-3

2024-03-30T17:20:07Z

U141583682: /* Structural Strength Author */

{{About
| about = Swedish fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = J21 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=saab_a21a_3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_saab_a21a_3.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]].

== General info ==

=== '''Dimensions and weight''' ===
{| class="wikitable"
!
!Length
!Wingspan
!Height
!Wing area
!
|-
|
|10.45 m
|11.60 m
|3.97 m
|22.20 sq.m
|
|-
!
!Empty weight
!Plug-in capacity
!practical weight
!Theoretical wing load
!
|-
|
|3570 kg
|750 kg
|4702 kg
|160.81~211.80 kg/m²
|
|}
Unit size: 1 person

=== '''Power configuration''' ===

Number of engines: 1 unit

Engine Country of Origin: Germany

Engine brand: Daimler Mercedes-Benz

Engine type: 12-cylinder twin tandem (V12) liquid-cooled piston engine

Engine model: DB605B

Pressurization configuration: No pressurization system

Engine weight: 720 kg

Idle power: 1 horsepower

Sea level static power: 1283 horsepower (272.86~359.38 horsepower/ton)

Sea level afterburner power: 1445 horsepower (307.32~404.76 horsepower/ton)

Two kilometers static power: 1362 horsepower (289.66~381.51 horsepower/ton)

5,000 meters static power: 1296 horsepower (275.63~363.03 horsepower/ton)

8 km static power: 1043 horsepower (221.82~292.16 horsepower/ton)

=== '''Take-off and landing performance and ground maneuverability''' ===

Take-off and running distance: 480 meters

Landing run distance: 290 meters

Speed of damage to the landing gear: 325 km / h

Minimum take-off speed: 155 km / h

Landing gear layout: the first three points

Landing Gear Type: Full wheels

Glide turning radius: 6.15 m

Parking elevation angle: -3.2 degrees

=== Endurance ===

Fuel tank distribution: 1 behind the pilot's seat and 1 at the end of each wing

Internal oil volume: 115~382 kg

Maximum static fuel consumption: 5.08 kg/min

Battery life: 22 minutes 34 seconds ~ 75 minutes 14 seconds

Theoretical range: 1227 km

Combat radius: 245 km

=== Structural Strength ===

Critical speed of disintegration: 683 km/h

Aileron rudder criticality: 450 km/h

Elevator lock rudder critical: 420 km/h

Steering rudder lock rudder criticality: 390 km/h

Flap gears: Off-Operational-Takeoff-Landing

Flap damage speed in each gear (excluding closed gear): 445-425-325 km/h

=== Flight performance ===

{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The A21A-3 has a poor climb rate and fairly low acceleration, making it ineffective as an energy or boom-and-zoom fighter unless you commit to a side climb. The aircraft has great turning characteristics at almost all speeds, and maintains speed in horizontal turns well enough, though it will stall quickly in any vertical manoeuvres. The aircraft maintains most of its turning ability with heavy loads, but suffers greatly in climb ability. If you wish to take an altitude advantage, forgo any loads.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,300 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 616 || 599 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.0 || 21.9 || 12.6 || 12.6 || rowspan="2" | 300
|-
! Upgraded
| 666 || 640 || 19.0 || 20.0 || 19.0 || 15.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 445 || 425 || 325 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 450 || < 390 || < 420 || > 715
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
[[File:J21 Armour Plating.png|450px|thumb|right|Protective components found in the '''{{PAGENAME}}'''.]]

{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

* 10 mm steel - Firewall armour plate
* 10 mm steel - Firewall cover armour plate
* 10 mm steel - Pilot's back armour plate
* 60 mm bulletproof glass
* Engine fire system (EFS)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" |[[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
!CCIP (Guns)!!CCIP (Rockets)!!CCIP (Bombs)!!CCRP (Bombs)
|-
|{{Cross}}||{{Cross}}||{{Cross}}||{{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===

{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Akan m/45 (20 mm)|Akan m/39A (13.2 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 20 mm Akan m/45 cannon, nose-mounted (140 rpg)
* 2 x 13.2 mm Akan m/39A machine guns, nose-mounted (350 rpg = 700 total)
* 2 x 13.2 mm Akan m/39A machine guns, wing-mounted (325 rpg = 650 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|sb m/47 (50 kg)|mb m/40 (250 kg)|mb m/41 (500 kg)|mb m/50 (600 kg)}}
{{main|hprak m/49|psrak m/49A|srak m/51}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x 50 kg sb m/47 bombs (200 kg total)
* 1 x 250 kg mb m/40 bomb (250 kg total)
* 1 x 500 kg mb m/41 bomb (500 kg total)
* 1 x 600 kg mb m/50 bomb (600 kg total)
* 8 x psrak m/49A rockets
* 8 x srak m/51 rockets
* 2 x hprak m/49 rockets

== Usage in battles ==


Boasting extremely good turning characteristics, a stable platform, decent speed and accurate, powerful guns, the A21A-3 is an extremely effective aircraft for both dogfighting and ground attack duties. The Swedish 13.2 mm Akan m/39A guns are devastating to lighter aircraft thanks to their anti-air belts with plentiful HE, and the nose mounted 20 mm cannon makes short work of larger targets as long as you are accurate. In air-to-air battles, the aircraft is best suited to catch opponents low on energy. Only a few aircraft at its BR are able to turn as well as the A21A-3 at low altitude, and the aircraft remains stable even in low speed turns to keep guns on target. It is wise to keep fights short though, as the A21A-3 is a terrible climber, and is an easy target for boom and zoom fighters if engaged in a fight.

On the other hand, the A21A-3 makes for an extremely effective ground-and-pound aircraft, capable of destroying an enemy base with its 600 kg bomb in some air RB game modes, access to some of the best rockets weight-for-weight at its battle rating, and a significant amount of ammunition for its guns to attack ground units. The aircraft's low speed stability makes short dipping attack runs on ground units easy, and the good firepower means you don't have to stay on target for too long.

The quad 13.2 mm machine guns get access to high-explosive rounds, which are very potent when attacking smaller ground targets, such as Howitzers, AA and armoured cars, often requiring a very short burst to take care of them. The 20 mm cannon is able to destroy light pillboxes. However, quite large bursts are required to take them down.

It is important to take care that enemy aircraft do not get a chance to attack you from behind, however. The A21A-3, as a pusher aircraft, can be brought down quickly when tailed. The engine is poorly armoured, with a tiny water and oil reserve and runs at a high temperature. Additionally, there is a fuel tank between the cockpit and engine which will not survive even a glancing hit. If you are attacked and suffer an oil or water leak you will need to land at your base as quickly as possible, the engine will burn out within minutes of an overheat. The large control surface of the tail is also a vulnerability.

In ground RB, the aircraft can perform well at almost any BR, as its 600 kg bomb can be used effectively to clear points and entrenched enemy tanks of any size with a whopping 18 m destruction range, with a fighter's SP cost it can be an invaluable CAS asset to a team.
[[File:A21A-3 flying over a body of water.jpg|thumb|A21A-3 flying]]

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Quite manoeuvrable, even with wing-tip fuel tanks
* A stable flying platform, does not stall in level flight even with the throttle set to zero
* Engine protected from head-on attacks
* Most armament is nose-mounted
* Armed with extremely powerful 13.2 mm guns with decent ammunition pool and destructive AA belts
* Access to powerful and accurate rockets and devastating bombs for ground RB
* 600 kg bomb can destroy an enemy base in some air RB game modes.

'''Cons:'''

* Pusher aircraft, engine mounted facing rear, exposed to enemy aircraft which may follow
* Required to set convergence due to wing-mounted machine guns
* Terrible climb rate, despite decent acceleration
* Loses speed in vertical manoeuvres extremely quickly
* Lacks airbrake
* Fragile and vulnerable engine from rear attacks, even water or oil leaks will tend to cause the aircraft to crash as the engine burns out quickly.
* Engine overheats quickly when on WEP

== History ==

[[File:A21A-3 Museum.jpg|thumb|400x400px|SAAB A21A-3 on display at Söderhamn /F15 Aviation Museum, Söderhamn, Sweden]]
The [[J21 (Family)|SAAB 21]] was a twin-boom propeller fighter used by the Swedish air force. A unique design, it had a pusher-configuration engine and a twin-boom tail, giving it a very unique appearance. The A21A-3 was a variant of the SAAB 21, designed for ground attack. As a result, it was equipped with a bomb sight, and was able to carry suspended ordnance and a RATO (Rocket-assisted takeoff) pod. 66 A21A-3 aircraft were built between 1947 and 1949, and served as the primary ground attacker until the introduction of more capable jet aircraft.<ref name=":0">Aceto, G. (2019)</ref>

=== Design and development ===
In the early 1940s, it was apparent that Sweden badly needed a new fighter aircraft. Thus, Sweden ordered SAAB to design a new aircraft based on the German Daimler-Benz DB 601, 603 or 605 engine. At that time, the German and Swedish had a series of neutrality agreements, allowing Sweden to import the German-made aircraft engines.<ref name=":0" /> One radical configuration considered was a twin-boom aircraft, similar to the P-38 Lightning, but with a single rear-mounted engine in pusher configuration. However, SAAB was initially asked to instead produce the J23, a more conventional aircraft design.<ref name=":0" />

In late 1941, the Swedish air ministry reverted on its previous decision and asked the SAAB firm to produce the J21 design. Thus, design work progressed through 1942 and 1943. The final prototype featured a twin-boom wing with a single DB-605B engine, and carried a main armament of one 20 mm cannon along with four 12.7 mm heavy machine guns. The first prototype flew in mid-1943, but was quickly revealed to have inferior performance to the [[Fw 190 (Family)|Fw 190]], [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfire]] and [[P-51 (Family)|P-51]] Mustang. However, 484 aircraft were ordered anyway.<ref name=":0" />

In 1945, SAAB began designing a series of second-generation J21 aircraft designed specifically for the air-to-ground role. This resulted in the A21A-3. The aircraft had a bombsight, and was able to use RATO (Rocket-assisted takeoff) pods, bombs or rockets. The Swedish Air Force eventually ordered 66 aircraft between 1947 and 1949.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">Editors of Military Wikia. (2020)</ref>

=== Operational History ===
The A21A entered service in 1947, but had an extremely short service life. The aircraft's poor performance and relative obsolescence meant that it served for an extremely short time. The 66 A21 aircraft built were quickly replaced by the more modern [[J29 (Family)|J29]] Tunnan and British de Havilland [[J28B|Vampire]]. The last A21A aircraft were retired in 1954. However, it is worth noting that SAAB also experimented with coupling a jet engine to the J21 airframe; this resulted in the [[A21RB]], a unique aircraft coupling the J21's fuselage with a de Havilland Ghost engine.<ref name=":1" /> Three A21A aircraft survive, all kept in Swedish museums.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=saab_a21a_3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|KmZ265375S0|'''A21A-3 "Is everything in this tree broken!?" PLANES''' - ''WeadraPlays''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[J21 (Family)]]

;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* [[SM.91]]
* [[SM.92]]
* [[S.O.8000 Narval]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/474726-saab-j21a-1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

=== References ===

;Citations
<references />

;Bibliography

* Aceto, G. (2019, July 19). The Saab J21. Retrieved November 20, 2020, from <nowiki>https://articles.historynet.com/the-saab-j21.htm</nowiki>
* Editors of Military Wikia. (2020). SAAB 21. Retrieved November 20, 2020, from <nowiki>https://military.wikia.org/wiki/SAAB_21</nowiki>

{{AirManufacturer Saab}}
{{Sweden fighters}}

A21A-3

2024-03-30T17:18:59Z

U141583682: /* General info */

{{About
| about = Swedish fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = J21 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=saab_a21a_3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_saab_a21a_3.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]].

== General info ==

=== '''Dimensions and weight''' ===
{| class="wikitable"
!
!Length
!Wingspan
!Height
!Wing area
!
|-
|
|10.45 m
|11.60 m
|3.97 m
|22.20 sq.m
|
|-
!
!Empty weight
!Plug-in capacity
!practical weight
!Theoretical wing load
!
|-
|
|3570 kg
|750 kg
|4702 kg
|160.81~211.80 kg/m²
|
|}
Unit size: 1 person

=== '''Power configuration''' ===

Number of engines: 1 unit

Engine Country of Origin: Germany

Engine brand: Daimler Mercedes-Benz

Engine type: 12-cylinder twin tandem (V12) liquid-cooled piston engine

Engine model: DB605B

Pressurization configuration: No pressurization system

Engine weight: 720 kg

Idle power: 1 horsepower

Sea level static power: 1283 horsepower (272.86~359.38 horsepower/ton)

Sea level afterburner power: 1445 horsepower (307.32~404.76 horsepower/ton)

Two kilometers static power: 1362 horsepower (289.66~381.51 horsepower/ton)

5,000 meters static power: 1296 horsepower (275.63~363.03 horsepower/ton)

8 km static power: 1043 horsepower (221.82~292.16 horsepower/ton)

=== '''Take-off and landing performance and ground maneuverability''' ===

Take-off and running distance: 480 meters

Landing run distance: 290 meters

Speed of damage to the landing gear: 325 km / h

Minimum take-off speed: 155 km / h

Landing gear layout: the first three points

Landing Gear Type: Full wheels

Glide turning radius: 6.15 m

Parking elevation angle: -3.2 degrees

=== Endurance ===

Fuel tank distribution: 1 behind the pilot's seat and 1 at the end of each wing

Internal oil volume: 115~382 kg

Maximum static fuel consumption: 5.08 kg/min

Battery life: 22 minutes 34 seconds ~ 75 minutes 14 seconds

Theoretical range: 1227 km

Combat radius: 245 km

=== Structural Strength Author ===

Critical speed of disintegration: 683 km/h

Aileron rudder criticality: 450 km/h

Elevator lock rudder critical: 420 km/h

Steering rudder lock rudder criticality: 390 km/h

Flap gears: Off-Operational-Takeoff-Landing

Flap damage speed in each gear (excluding closed gear): 445-425-325 km/h

=== Flight performance ===

{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The A21A-3 has a poor climb rate and fairly low acceleration, making it ineffective as an energy or boom-and-zoom fighter unless you commit to a side climb. The aircraft has great turning characteristics at almost all speeds, and maintains speed in horizontal turns well enough, though it will stall quickly in any vertical manoeuvres. The aircraft maintains most of its turning ability with heavy loads, but suffers greatly in climb ability. If you wish to take an altitude advantage, forgo any loads.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,300 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 616 || 599 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.0 || 21.9 || 12.6 || 12.6 || rowspan="2" | 300
|-
! Upgraded
| 666 || 640 || 19.0 || 20.0 || 19.0 || 15.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 445 || 425 || 325 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 450 || < 390 || < 420 || > 715
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
[[File:J21 Armour Plating.png|450px|thumb|right|Protective components found in the '''{{PAGENAME}}'''.]]

{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

* 10 mm steel - Firewall armour plate
* 10 mm steel - Firewall cover armour plate
* 10 mm steel - Pilot's back armour plate
* 60 mm bulletproof glass
* Engine fire system (EFS)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" |[[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
!CCIP (Guns)!!CCIP (Rockets)!!CCIP (Bombs)!!CCRP (Bombs)
|-
|{{Cross}}||{{Cross}}||{{Cross}}||{{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===

{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Akan m/45 (20 mm)|Akan m/39A (13.2 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 20 mm Akan m/45 cannon, nose-mounted (140 rpg)
* 2 x 13.2 mm Akan m/39A machine guns, nose-mounted (350 rpg = 700 total)
* 2 x 13.2 mm Akan m/39A machine guns, wing-mounted (325 rpg = 650 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|sb m/47 (50 kg)|mb m/40 (250 kg)|mb m/41 (500 kg)|mb m/50 (600 kg)}}
{{main|hprak m/49|psrak m/49A|srak m/51}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x 50 kg sb m/47 bombs (200 kg total)
* 1 x 250 kg mb m/40 bomb (250 kg total)
* 1 x 500 kg mb m/41 bomb (500 kg total)
* 1 x 600 kg mb m/50 bomb (600 kg total)
* 8 x psrak m/49A rockets
* 8 x srak m/51 rockets
* 2 x hprak m/49 rockets

== Usage in battles ==


Boasting extremely good turning characteristics, a stable platform, decent speed and accurate, powerful guns, the A21A-3 is an extremely effective aircraft for both dogfighting and ground attack duties. The Swedish 13.2 mm Akan m/39A guns are devastating to lighter aircraft thanks to their anti-air belts with plentiful HE, and the nose mounted 20 mm cannon makes short work of larger targets as long as you are accurate. In air-to-air battles, the aircraft is best suited to catch opponents low on energy. Only a few aircraft at its BR are able to turn as well as the A21A-3 at low altitude, and the aircraft remains stable even in low speed turns to keep guns on target. It is wise to keep fights short though, as the A21A-3 is a terrible climber, and is an easy target for boom and zoom fighters if engaged in a fight.

On the other hand, the A21A-3 makes for an extremely effective ground-and-pound aircraft, capable of destroying an enemy base with its 600 kg bomb in some air RB game modes, access to some of the best rockets weight-for-weight at its battle rating, and a significant amount of ammunition for its guns to attack ground units. The aircraft's low speed stability makes short dipping attack runs on ground units easy, and the good firepower means you don't have to stay on target for too long.

The quad 13.2 mm machine guns get access to high-explosive rounds, which are very potent when attacking smaller ground targets, such as Howitzers, AA and armoured cars, often requiring a very short burst to take care of them. The 20 mm cannon is able to destroy light pillboxes. However, quite large bursts are required to take them down.

It is important to take care that enemy aircraft do not get a chance to attack you from behind, however. The A21A-3, as a pusher aircraft, can be brought down quickly when tailed. The engine is poorly armoured, with a tiny water and oil reserve and runs at a high temperature. Additionally, there is a fuel tank between the cockpit and engine which will not survive even a glancing hit. If you are attacked and suffer an oil or water leak you will need to land at your base as quickly as possible, the engine will burn out within minutes of an overheat. The large control surface of the tail is also a vulnerability.

In ground RB, the aircraft can perform well at almost any BR, as its 600 kg bomb can be used effectively to clear points and entrenched enemy tanks of any size with a whopping 18 m destruction range, with a fighter's SP cost it can be an invaluable CAS asset to a team.
[[File:A21A-3 flying over a body of water.jpg|thumb|A21A-3 flying]]

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Quite manoeuvrable, even with wing-tip fuel tanks
* A stable flying platform, does not stall in level flight even with the throttle set to zero
* Engine protected from head-on attacks
* Most armament is nose-mounted
* Armed with extremely powerful 13.2 mm guns with decent ammunition pool and destructive AA belts
* Access to powerful and accurate rockets and devastating bombs for ground RB
* 600 kg bomb can destroy an enemy base in some air RB game modes.

'''Cons:'''

* Pusher aircraft, engine mounted facing rear, exposed to enemy aircraft which may follow
* Required to set convergence due to wing-mounted machine guns
* Terrible climb rate, despite decent acceleration
* Loses speed in vertical manoeuvres extremely quickly
* Lacks airbrake
* Fragile and vulnerable engine from rear attacks, even water or oil leaks will tend to cause the aircraft to crash as the engine burns out quickly.
* Engine overheats quickly when on WEP

== History ==

[[File:A21A-3 Museum.jpg|thumb|400x400px|SAAB A21A-3 on display at Söderhamn /F15 Aviation Museum, Söderhamn, Sweden]]
The [[J21 (Family)|SAAB 21]] was a twin-boom propeller fighter used by the Swedish air force. A unique design, it had a pusher-configuration engine and a twin-boom tail, giving it a very unique appearance. The A21A-3 was a variant of the SAAB 21, designed for ground attack. As a result, it was equipped with a bomb sight, and was able to carry suspended ordnance and a RATO (Rocket-assisted takeoff) pod. 66 A21A-3 aircraft were built between 1947 and 1949, and served as the primary ground attacker until the introduction of more capable jet aircraft.<ref name=":0">Aceto, G. (2019)</ref>

=== Design and development ===
In the early 1940s, it was apparent that Sweden badly needed a new fighter aircraft. Thus, Sweden ordered SAAB to design a new aircraft based on the German Daimler-Benz DB 601, 603 or 605 engine. At that time, the German and Swedish had a series of neutrality agreements, allowing Sweden to import the German-made aircraft engines.<ref name=":0" /> One radical configuration considered was a twin-boom aircraft, similar to the P-38 Lightning, but with a single rear-mounted engine in pusher configuration. However, SAAB was initially asked to instead produce the J23, a more conventional aircraft design.<ref name=":0" />

In late 1941, the Swedish air ministry reverted on its previous decision and asked the SAAB firm to produce the J21 design. Thus, design work progressed through 1942 and 1943. The final prototype featured a twin-boom wing with a single DB-605B engine, and carried a main armament of one 20 mm cannon along with four 12.7 mm heavy machine guns. The first prototype flew in mid-1943, but was quickly revealed to have inferior performance to the [[Fw 190 (Family)|Fw 190]], [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfire]] and [[P-51 (Family)|P-51]] Mustang. However, 484 aircraft were ordered anyway.<ref name=":0" />

In 1945, SAAB began designing a series of second-generation J21 aircraft designed specifically for the air-to-ground role. This resulted in the A21A-3. The aircraft had a bombsight, and was able to use RATO (Rocket-assisted takeoff) pods, bombs or rockets. The Swedish Air Force eventually ordered 66 aircraft between 1947 and 1949.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">Editors of Military Wikia. (2020)</ref>

=== Operational History ===
The A21A entered service in 1947, but had an extremely short service life. The aircraft's poor performance and relative obsolescence meant that it served for an extremely short time. The 66 A21 aircraft built were quickly replaced by the more modern [[J29 (Family)|J29]] Tunnan and British de Havilland [[J28B|Vampire]]. The last A21A aircraft were retired in 1954. However, it is worth noting that SAAB also experimented with coupling a jet engine to the J21 airframe; this resulted in the [[A21RB]], a unique aircraft coupling the J21's fuselage with a de Havilland Ghost engine.<ref name=":1" /> Three A21A aircraft survive, all kept in Swedish museums.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=saab_a21a_3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|KmZ265375S0|'''A21A-3 "Is everything in this tree broken!?" PLANES''' - ''WeadraPlays''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[J21 (Family)]]

;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* [[SM.91]]
* [[SM.92]]
* [[S.O.8000 Narval]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/474726-saab-j21a-1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

=== References ===

;Citations
<references />

;Bibliography

* Aceto, G. (2019, July 19). The Saab J21. Retrieved November 20, 2020, from <nowiki>https://articles.historynet.com/the-saab-j21.htm</nowiki>
* Editors of Military Wikia. (2020). SAAB 21. Retrieved November 20, 2020, from <nowiki>https://military.wikia.org/wiki/SAAB_21</nowiki>

{{AirManufacturer Saab}}
{{Sweden fighters}}

A21A-3

2024-03-30T16:53:32Z

U141583682: /* History */

{{About
| about = Swedish fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = J21 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=saab_a21a_3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_saab_a21a_3.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===

{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The A21A-3 has a poor climb rate and fairly low acceleration, making it ineffective as an energy or boom-and-zoom fighter unless you commit to a side climb. The aircraft has great turning characteristics at almost all speeds, and maintains speed in horizontal turns well enough, though it will stall quickly in any vertical manoeuvres. The aircraft maintains most of its turning ability with heavy loads, but suffers greatly in climb ability. If you wish to take an altitude advantage, forgo any loads.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,300 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 616 || 599 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.0 || 21.9 || 12.6 || 12.6 || rowspan="2" | 300
|-
! Upgraded
| 666 || 640 || 19.0 || 20.0 || 19.0 || 15.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 445 || 425 || 325 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 450 || < 390 || < 420 || > 715
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
[[File:J21 Armour Plating.png|450px|thumb|right|Protective components found in the '''{{PAGENAME}}'''.]]

{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

* 10 mm steel - Firewall armour plate
* 10 mm steel - Firewall cover armour plate
* 10 mm steel - Pilot's back armour plate
* 60 mm bulletproof glass
* Engine fire system (EFS)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" |[[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
!CCIP (Guns)!!CCIP (Rockets)!!CCIP (Bombs)!!CCRP (Bombs)
|-
|{{Cross}}||{{Cross}}||{{Cross}}||{{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===

{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Akan m/45 (20 mm)|Akan m/39A (13.2 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 20 mm Akan m/45 cannon, nose-mounted (140 rpg)
* 2 x 13.2 mm Akan m/39A machine guns, nose-mounted (350 rpg = 700 total)
* 2 x 13.2 mm Akan m/39A machine guns, wing-mounted (325 rpg = 650 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|sb m/47 (50 kg)|mb m/40 (250 kg)|mb m/41 (500 kg)|mb m/50 (600 kg)}}
{{main|hprak m/49|psrak m/49A|srak m/51}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x 50 kg sb m/47 bombs (200 kg total)
* 1 x 250 kg mb m/40 bomb (250 kg total)
* 1 x 500 kg mb m/41 bomb (500 kg total)
* 1 x 600 kg mb m/50 bomb (600 kg total)
* 8 x psrak m/49A rockets
* 8 x srak m/51 rockets
* 2 x hprak m/49 rockets

== Usage in battles ==


Boasting extremely good turning characteristics, a stable platform, decent speed and accurate, powerful guns, the A21A-3 is an extremely effective aircraft for both dogfighting and ground attack duties. The Swedish 13.2 mm Akan m/39A guns are devastating to lighter aircraft thanks to their anti-air belts with plentiful HE, and the nose mounted 20 mm cannon makes short work of larger targets as long as you are accurate. In air-to-air battles, the aircraft is best suited to catch opponents low on energy. Only a few aircraft at its BR are able to turn as well as the A21A-3 at low altitude, and the aircraft remains stable even in low speed turns to keep guns on target. It is wise to keep fights short though, as the A21A-3 is a terrible climber, and is an easy target for boom and zoom fighters if engaged in a fight.

On the other hand, the A21A-3 makes for an extremely effective ground-and-pound aircraft, capable of destroying an enemy base with its 600 kg bomb in some air RB game modes, access to some of the best rockets weight-for-weight at its battle rating, and a significant amount of ammunition for its guns to attack ground units. The aircraft's low speed stability makes short dipping attack runs on ground units easy, and the good firepower means you don't have to stay on target for too long.

The quad 13.2 mm machine guns get access to high-explosive rounds, which are very potent when attacking smaller ground targets, such as Howitzers, AA and armoured cars, often requiring a very short burst to take care of them. The 20 mm cannon is able to destroy light pillboxes. However, quite large bursts are required to take them down.

It is important to take care that enemy aircraft do not get a chance to attack you from behind, however. The A21A-3, as a pusher aircraft, can be brought down quickly when tailed. The engine is poorly armoured, with a tiny water and oil reserve and runs at a high temperature. Additionally, there is a fuel tank between the cockpit and engine which will not survive even a glancing hit. If you are attacked and suffer an oil or water leak you will need to land at your base as quickly as possible, the engine will burn out within minutes of an overheat. The large control surface of the tail is also a vulnerability.

In ground RB, the aircraft can perform well at almost any BR, as its 600 kg bomb can be used effectively to clear points and entrenched enemy tanks of any size with a whopping 18 m destruction range, with a fighter's SP cost it can be an invaluable CAS asset to a team.
[[File:A21A-3 flying over a body of water.jpg|thumb|A21A-3 flying]]

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Quite manoeuvrable, even with wing-tip fuel tanks
* A stable flying platform, does not stall in level flight even with the throttle set to zero
* Engine protected from head-on attacks
* Most armament is nose-mounted
* Armed with extremely powerful 13.2 mm guns with decent ammunition pool and destructive AA belts
* Access to powerful and accurate rockets and devastating bombs for ground RB
* 600 kg bomb can destroy an enemy base in some air RB game modes.

'''Cons:'''

* Pusher aircraft, engine mounted facing rear, exposed to enemy aircraft which may follow
* Required to set convergence due to wing-mounted machine guns
* Terrible climb rate, despite decent acceleration
* Loses speed in vertical manoeuvres extremely quickly
* Lacks airbrake
* Fragile and vulnerable engine from rear attacks, even water or oil leaks will tend to cause the aircraft to crash as the engine burns out quickly.
* Engine overheats quickly when on WEP

== History ==

[[File:A21A-3 Museum.jpg|thumb|400x400px|SAAB A21A-3 on display at Söderhamn /F15 Aviation Museum, Söderhamn, Sweden]]
The [[J21 (Family)|SAAB 21]] was a twin-boom propeller fighter used by the Swedish air force. A unique design, it had a pusher-configuration engine and a twin-boom tail, giving it a very unique appearance. The overall attributes of this type of aircraft are basically the same as those of J21A-2, but it has a strong external weapon system, and it retains the original air combat performance while adding a relatively powerful ground strike function. In terms of appearance, the addition of a pair of streamlined fuel tanks at the wingtips could theoretically provide additional internal fuel load, but this has not yet been reflected in the game. As a result, it was equipped with a bomb sight, and was able to carry suspended ordnance and a RATO (Rocket-assisted takeoff) pod. 66 A21A-3 aircraft were built between 1947 and 1949, and served as the primary ground attacker until the introduction of more capable jet aircraft.<ref name=":0">Aceto, G. (2019)</ref>

=== Design and development ===
In the early 1940s, it was apparent that Sweden badly needed a new fighter aircraft. Thus, Sweden ordered SAAB to design a new aircraft based on the German Daimler-Benz DB 601, 603 or 605 engine. At that time, the German and Swedish had a series of neutrality agreements, allowing Sweden to import the German-made aircraft engines.<ref name=":0" /> One radical configuration considered was a twin-boom aircraft, similar to the P-38 Lightning, but with a single rear-mounted engine in pusher configuration. However, SAAB was initially asked to instead produce the J23, a more conventional aircraft design.<ref name=":0" />

In late 1941, the Swedish air ministry reverted on its previous decision and asked the SAAB firm to produce the J21 design. Thus, design work progressed through 1942 and 1943. The final prototype featured a twin-boom wing with a single DB-605B engine, and carried a main armament of one 20 mm cannon along with four 12.7 mm heavy machine guns. The first prototype flew in mid-1943, but was quickly revealed to have inferior performance to the [[Fw 190 (Family)|Fw 190]], [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfire]] and [[P-51 (Family)|P-51]] Mustang. However, 484 aircraft were ordered anyway.<ref name=":0" />

In 1945, SAAB began designing a series of second-generation J21 aircraft designed specifically for the air-to-ground role. This resulted in the A21A-3. The aircraft had a bombsight, and was able to use RATO (Rocket-assisted takeoff) pods, bombs or rockets. The Swedish Air Force eventually ordered 66 aircraft between 1947 and 1949.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">Editors of Military Wikia. (2020)</ref>

=== Operational History ===
The A21A entered service in 1947, but had an extremely short service life. The aircraft's poor performance and relative obsolescence meant that it served for an extremely short time. The 66 A21 aircraft built were quickly replaced by the more modern [[J29 (Family)|J29]] Tunnan and British de Havilland [[J28B|Vampire]]. The last A21A aircraft were retired in 1954. However, it is worth noting that SAAB also experimented with coupling a jet engine to the J21 airframe; this resulted in the [[A21RB]], a unique aircraft coupling the J21's fuselage with a de Havilland Ghost engine.<ref name=":1" /> Three A21A aircraft survive, all kept in Swedish museums.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=saab_a21a_3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|KmZ265375S0|'''A21A-3 "Is everything in this tree broken!?" PLANES''' - ''WeadraPlays''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[J21 (Family)]]

;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* [[SM.91]]
* [[SM.92]]
* [[S.O.8000 Narval]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/474726-saab-j21a-1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

=== References ===

;Citations
<references />

;Bibliography

* Aceto, G. (2019, July 19). The Saab J21. Retrieved November 20, 2020, from <nowiki>https://articles.historynet.com/the-saab-j21.htm</nowiki>
* Editors of Military Wikia. (2020). SAAB 21. Retrieved November 20, 2020, from <nowiki>https://military.wikia.org/wiki/SAAB_21</nowiki>

{{AirManufacturer Saab}}
{{Sweden fighters}}

A21A-3

2024-03-30T16:47:12Z

U141583682: /* Suspended armament */

{{About
| about = Swedish fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = J21 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=saab_a21a_3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_saab_a21a_3.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===

{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The A21A-3 has a poor climb rate and fairly low acceleration, making it ineffective as an energy or boom-and-zoom fighter unless you commit to a side climb. The aircraft has great turning characteristics at almost all speeds, and maintains speed in horizontal turns well enough, though it will stall quickly in any vertical manoeuvres. The aircraft maintains most of its turning ability with heavy loads, but suffers greatly in climb ability. If you wish to take an altitude advantage, forgo any loads.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,300 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 616 || 599 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.0 || 21.9 || 12.6 || 12.6 || rowspan="2" | 300
|-
! Upgraded
| 666 || 640 || 19.0 || 20.0 || 19.0 || 15.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 445 || 425 || 325 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 450 || < 390 || < 420 || > 715
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
[[File:J21 Armour Plating.png|450px|thumb|right|Protective components found in the '''{{PAGENAME}}'''.]]

{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

* 10 mm steel - Firewall armour plate
* 10 mm steel - Firewall cover armour plate
* 10 mm steel - Pilot's back armour plate
* 60 mm bulletproof glass
* Engine fire system (EFS)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" |[[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
!CCIP (Guns)!!CCIP (Rockets)!!CCIP (Bombs)!!CCRP (Bombs)
|-
|{{Cross}}||{{Cross}}||{{Cross}}||{{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===

{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Akan m/45 (20 mm)|Akan m/39A (13.2 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 20 mm Akan m/45 cannon, nose-mounted (140 rpg)
* 2 x 13.2 mm Akan m/39A machine guns, nose-mounted (350 rpg = 700 total)
* 2 x 13.2 mm Akan m/39A machine guns, wing-mounted (325 rpg = 650 total)

=== Suspended armament ===

{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|sb m/47 (50 kg)|mb m/40 (250 kg)|mb m/41 (500 kg)|mb m/50 (600 kg)}}
{{main|hprak m/49|psrak m/49A|srak m/51}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x 50 kg sb m/47 bombs (200.00 kg total)
* 1 x 250 kg mb m/40 bomb (230.00 kg total)
* 1 x 500 kg mb m/41 bomb (513.00 kg total)
* 1 x 600 kg mb m/50 bomb (614.00 kg total)
* 8 x psrak m/49A rockets (336.00 kg total)
* 8 x srak m/51 rockets (512.00 kg total)
* 2 x hprak m/49 rockets (240.00 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==


Boasting extremely good turning characteristics, a stable platform, decent speed and accurate, powerful guns, the A21A-3 is an extremely effective aircraft for both dogfighting and ground attack duties. The Swedish 13.2 mm Akan m/39A guns are devastating to lighter aircraft thanks to their anti-air belts with plentiful HE, and the nose mounted 20 mm cannon makes short work of larger targets as long as you are accurate. In air-to-air battles, the aircraft is best suited to catch opponents low on energy. Only a few aircraft at its BR are able to turn as well as the A21A-3 at low altitude, and the aircraft remains stable even in low speed turns to keep guns on target. It is wise to keep fights short though, as the A21A-3 is a terrible climber, and is an easy target for boom and zoom fighters if engaged in a fight.

On the other hand, the A21A-3 makes for an extremely effective ground-and-pound aircraft, capable of destroying an enemy base with its 600 kg bomb in some air RB game modes, access to some of the best rockets weight-for-weight at its battle rating, and a significant amount of ammunition for its guns to attack ground units. The aircraft's low speed stability makes short dipping attack runs on ground units easy, and the good firepower means you don't have to stay on target for too long.

The quad 13.2 mm machine guns get access to high-explosive rounds, which are very potent when attacking smaller ground targets, such as Howitzers, AA and armoured cars, often requiring a very short burst to take care of them. The 20 mm cannon is able to destroy light pillboxes. However, quite large bursts are required to take them down.

It is important to take care that enemy aircraft do not get a chance to attack you from behind, however. The A21A-3, as a pusher aircraft, can be brought down quickly when tailed. The engine is poorly armoured, with a tiny water and oil reserve and runs at a high temperature. Additionally, there is a fuel tank between the cockpit and engine which will not survive even a glancing hit. If you are attacked and suffer an oil or water leak you will need to land at your base as quickly as possible, the engine will burn out within minutes of an overheat. The large control surface of the tail is also a vulnerability.

In ground RB, the aircraft can perform well at almost any BR, as its 600 kg bomb can be used effectively to clear points and entrenched enemy tanks of any size with a whopping 18 m destruction range, with a fighter's SP cost it can be an invaluable CAS asset to a team.
[[File:A21A-3 flying over a body of water.jpg|thumb|A21A-3 flying]]

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Quite manoeuvrable, even with wing-tip fuel tanks
* A stable flying platform, does not stall in level flight even with the throttle set to zero
* Engine protected from head-on attacks
* Most armament is nose-mounted
* Armed with extremely powerful 13.2 mm guns with decent ammunition pool and destructive AA belts
* Access to powerful and accurate rockets and devastating bombs for ground RB
* 600 kg bomb can destroy an enemy base in some air RB game modes.

'''Cons:'''

* Pusher aircraft, engine mounted facing rear, exposed to enemy aircraft which may follow
* Required to set convergence due to wing-mounted machine guns
* Terrible climb rate, despite decent acceleration
* Loses speed in vertical manoeuvres extremely quickly
* Lacks airbrake
* Fragile and vulnerable engine from rear attacks, even water or oil leaks will tend to cause the aircraft to crash as the engine burns out quickly.
* Engine overheats quickly when on WEP

== History ==

[[File:A21A-3 Museum.jpg|thumb|400x400px|SAAB A21A-3 on display at Söderhamn /F15 Aviation Museum, Söderhamn, Sweden]]
The [[J21 (Family)|SAAB 21]] was a twin-boom propeller fighter used by the Swedish air force. A unique design, it had a pusher-configuration engine and a twin-boom tail, giving it a very unique appearance. The A21A-3 was a variant of the SAAB 21, designed for ground attack. As a result, it was equipped with a bomb sight, and was able to carry suspended ordnance and a RATO (Rocket-assisted takeoff) pod. 66 A21A-3 aircraft were built between 1947 and 1949, and served as the primary ground attacker until the introduction of more capable jet aircraft.<ref name=":0">Aceto, G. (2019)</ref>

=== Design and development ===
In the early 1940s, it was apparent that Sweden badly needed a new fighter aircraft. Thus, Sweden ordered SAAB to design a new aircraft based on the German Daimler-Benz DB 601, 603 or 605 engine. At that time, the German and Swedish had a series of neutrality agreements, allowing Sweden to import the German-made aircraft engines.<ref name=":0" /> One radical configuration considered was a twin-boom aircraft, similar to the P-38 Lightning, but with a single rear-mounted engine in pusher configuration. However, SAAB was initially asked to instead produce the J23, a more conventional aircraft design.<ref name=":0" />

In late 1941, the Swedish air ministry reverted on its previous decision and asked the SAAB firm to produce the J21 design. Thus, design work progressed through 1942 and 1943. The final prototype featured a twin-boom wing with a single DB-605B engine, and carried a main armament of one 20 mm cannon along with four 12.7 mm heavy machine guns. The first prototype flew in mid-1943, but was quickly revealed to have inferior performance to the [[Fw 190 (Family)|Fw 190]], [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfire]] and [[P-51 (Family)|P-51]] Mustang. However, 484 aircraft were ordered anyway.<ref name=":0" />

In 1945, SAAB began designing a series of second-generation J21 aircraft designed specifically for the air-to-ground role. This resulted in the A21A-3. The aircraft had a bombsight, and was able to use RATO (Rocket-assisted takeoff) pods, bombs or rockets. The Swedish Air Force eventually ordered 66 aircraft between 1947 and 1949.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">Editors of Military Wikia. (2020)</ref>

=== Operational History ===
The A21A entered service in 1947, but had an extremely short service life. The aircraft's poor performance and relative obsolescence meant that it served for an extremely short time. The 66 A21 aircraft built were quickly replaced by the more modern [[J29 (Family)|J29]] Tunnan and British de Havilland [[J28B|Vampire]]. The last A21A aircraft were retired in 1954. However, it is worth noting that SAAB also experimented with coupling a jet engine to the J21 airframe; this resulted in the [[A21RB]], a unique aircraft coupling the J21's fuselage with a de Havilland Ghost engine.<ref name=":1" /> Three A21A aircraft survive, all kept in Swedish museums.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=saab_a21a_3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|KmZ265375S0|'''A21A-3 "Is everything in this tree broken!?" PLANES''' - ''WeadraPlays''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[J21 (Family)]]

;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* [[SM.91]]
* [[SM.92]]
* [[S.O.8000 Narval]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/474726-saab-j21a-1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

=== References ===

;Citations
<references />

;Bibliography

* Aceto, G. (2019, July 19). The Saab J21. Retrieved November 20, 2020, from <nowiki>https://articles.historynet.com/the-saab-j21.htm</nowiki>
* Editors of Military Wikia. (2020). SAAB 21. Retrieved November 20, 2020, from <nowiki>https://military.wikia.org/wiki/SAAB_21</nowiki>

{{AirManufacturer Saab}}
{{Sweden fighters}}