War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

Panzer IV/70(V)

2024-07-27T15:44:44Z

U136146036: Changes to armor information and additionally classified the M36 as an enemy worth noting, primarily due to the 90 mm M3.

{{About
| about = German tank destroyer '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = Panzer IV/70(A)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_pz_IV_L70
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_Panzer_IV-70(V).jpg|ArtImage_Panzer_IV-70(V).png|ArtImage2_Panzer_IV-70(V).png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''Panzer IV/70(V)''' ([[Abbreviations#.28DE.29 Sd.Kfz. Index|Sd.Kfz. Index:]] '''Sd.Kfz. 162/1''') is the third variant of the Panzer IV medium tank-based tank destroyer family. The initial (V) represents the designer, Vomag. Approximately 930 to 940 units of this variant were built between August 1944 and April 1945, making it the most produced variant. The Panzer IV/70(V) was a formidable opponent, armed with the powerful, long-range 75 mm Panzerjägerkanone 42 L/70 tank gun that could outrange most opposing Allied tank guns.

Introduced in the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before Update 1.41, the Panzer IV/70(V) offers much better protection than its rival design, the [[Panzer IV/70(A)]]. However, it should only be used in defensive roles. Even with the 42 L/70 tank gun and 75 mm Panzerjägerkanone mounted on it, it was still a casemate tank destroyer. Maintain a safe distance from the adversary and utilize its powerful penetration and muzzle velocity to take out targets at a distance. Avoid direct engagements and let the other players take care of the fighting so the player can decide when and how to engage.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, casemate)
* Cast homogeneous armour (gun mantlet, shrapnel shield)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 80 mm (47°) ''Upper glacis'' 50 mm (55°) ''Lower glacis'' || 30 mm ''Bottom'' 30 mm + 5 mm (29°) ''Engine deck skirts'' || 22 mm (5°) || 20 mm (6°) ''Front'' 20 mm (2°) ''Engine compartment''
|-
|Superstructure || 80 mm (50°) ''Turret Front'' 75 mm (conical) ''Shrapnel shield'' 75 mm (spherical) ''Gun mantlet'' || 40 mm (29°) || 30 mm (31°) || 20 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick while tracks are 20 mm thick, and torsion bars are 15 mm thick.
* Mudguards are 4 mm thick.
* Tracks (20 mm thick) are used as add-on armour on the casemate.

Befitting of the German casemate destroyer line, the frontal armour on the {{PAGENAME}} is one to be feared. It features a mighty frontal plate of 80 mm sloped at 50° compared to the Panther's 55º. This results in a slight reduction of useful armor, and is especially prominent against certain shells fired by the Soviet 85 mm gun that can be commonly found at this BR. The gun mantlet is also very well protected due to its volumetric armor. However, the bottom of the mantlet creates a shot trap that may destroy your vehicle. The armour is improved even further when the player unlocks the "Add-on Armour" modification, applying tracks to the front and sides of the tank, and results in over 185 mm of protection in the critical region where 3 of 4 crew members sit in a row, which helps significantly against BR-365 fired by the Soviet 85 mm gun.. Even with this amazing armour, it is best to use the {{PAGENAME}} at longer ranges, as this allows you to make use of the Panzer IV/70's high velocity gun and turns you from a difficult target to a nigh impenetrable one.

However, the side armour is very weak and is able to be penetrated by most things at your BR, so the player should be careful and look out for flankers. It should also be noted that in an uptier, it is common to face the American 90 mm or Soviet 122 mm guns, which will make short work of the vehicle frontally.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=426|rbMinHp=265|AoAweight=0.4}}

Being based on the chassis of the Panzer IV, the all-round mobility is very solid. The tank is able to reach 43 km/h (27 mph) and hold itself there over most terrains and has very good hull traverse, allowing for quick turns. However the reverse speed is only 7.5 km/h. Not being able to reverse fast enough will sometimes put the player in a very dangerous situation.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|PaK42 (75 mm)}}

The Panzer IV/70(V) bears the 75 mm PaK42 cannon with a rate of fire below average. With the maximum penetration of 192 mm for the stock AP, this gun can frontally penetrate most opponents it will face. With its explosive filler, it can one shot almost all tanks upon penetration. The 935 m/s muzzle velocity allows easy targeting when aiming at moving targets. The gun traverse is average, but the depression of 7 degrees is very good given its small profile, allowing it to go into hull-down position at some place. The gun also comes with a researchable APCR round which has a maximum penetration of a whopping 228 mm, and great velocity of over 1,100 m/s. Note that just like every other APCR shot, it is not good at piercing sloped armour, and its damage is inadequate to take out the opponent with a single shot.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[PaK42 (75 mm)|75 mm PaK42]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 55 || rowspan="2" | -7°/+15° || rowspan="2" | ±12° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 7.04 || 9.75 || 11.84 || 13.09 || 13.93 || rowspan="2" | 9.62 || rowspan="2" | 8.51 || rowspan="2" | 7.84 || rowspan="2" | 7.40
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 4.76 || 5.60 || 6.80 || 7.52 || 8.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:KwK42 (75 mm)/Ammunition|PzGr 39/42, Sprgr. 42, PzGr 40/42}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_Panzer_IV-70(V).png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''55''' || 46 ''(+9)'' || 36 ''(+19)'' || 26 ''(+29)'' || 16 ''(+39)'' || 8 ''(+47)'' || 4 ''(+51)'' || 1 ''(+54)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Racks disappear after you've fired all shells in the rack.
* Packing 16 ''(+39)'' shells will keep the sides of the casemate empty.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|MG42 (7.92 mm)}}

The tank has a MG42 bow machine gun with a high fire rate. It is able to quickly finish off the exposed crews of some vehicles. However, its traverse angles are very limited meaning a lot of the time the whole tank has to be moved to get the MG on target. Also the maximum penetration of 13 mm makes it useless against those not-so-lightly-armoured vehicles, like the [[BTR-152A]], the [[M18 GMC]], etc.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG42 (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm MG42]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Hull || 600 (150) || 1,200 || -6°/+15° || ±5°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==
This vehicle is very much a defensive weapon that should only be on the offensive if the situation is desperate. The gun is powerful at this rank. In terms of penetration and muzzle velocity, it will make short work of all but the toughest tanks. When taking fire, however, the Pz IV/70(V)'s protection is inconsistent at best. Shots that strike the sloped upper superstructure are likely to bounce, but anywhere else and the shell will almost certainly penetrate at closer ranges. It is best to avoid confrontation if possible and let the other members of the team take the damage to allow the player to pick and choose the engagement. Ideally, the enemy won't have a chance to return fire. Allow room between the Panzer IV/70(V) and the enemy, and avoid traversing high-traffic areas; instead, keep an eye on them from a distance and let the enemy come towards the Panzer IV/70(V).

Urban areas should be avoided if possible. Entering such an area is an invitation for the enemy to flank, and the closeness of the engagements negates the main advantage of this tank: the gun. Engaging the enemy at close range doesn't utilize the L/70's excellent penetration at range.

=== Arcade battles ===
In Arcade battles, with the shot indicator showing the player where shots will land, the high-velocity L/70 can accurately hit targets at long ranges, and targets on the move as the shells arrive quickly at the target. The penetration indicator, which changes colour based on the chance of successful penetration, is a problem for the IV/70 (V). It highlights the weak areas of the tank to enemy players, making the weak spots obvious.

Arcade tends to be faster-paced than Realistic and Simulator, so the lack of a turret may be a large detriment as being flanked is quite common in this mode.

=== Realistic/Simulator battles ===
With a lack of markers above tanks and larger combat zones, Realistic and Simulator suit this vehicle well. Taking up a concealed firing position and engaging enemies from a distance is what this tank excels at. Be mindful of flanking attacks though, if consideration of exposed flanks and careful checking of these areas is not performed, it will likely be too late to respond to an enemy on a flank or behind. Keeping with the 'anti-tank gun with treads' analogy, zooming across the map and looking for enemies is not how this tank should be played. Let the enemy do the work because this tank is very poorly suited to assaulting. Usage of the binoculars is highly advised as they allow a zoomed-in 360-degree view without having to move the vehicle.

At the start of the match, the Panzer IV/70(V) is best used as a sniper for most of the times. The player can adapt their tactics from the StuG IIIs and the Jgdpz. 38t. A good way to get kills is to find a spot that:

* provides hard cover
* overlooks a key street / passage way
* has bushes to hide in
* is not too close to the frontline

This way the player can use the bushes to hide the Pz IV/70. If any opponent appears in the sight, the player can kill it easily with the great penetration, velocity and damage of the main cannon. If the enemy notices the player, either go back in cover until they are distracted, or utilize the sturdy frontal armour and be a "heavy tank". It can bounce quite some shells, given that the enemy's guns aren't strong enough.

As the match progresses, the player can use the Pz IV/70 as a medium tank since it has good top speed and traverse. Go cap some points and help the teammates to push. With its low profile, the Pz IV/70 can find a comfortable corner around a point and ambush any point-cappers. Now the situational awareness comes into place, as this vehicle lacks a turret, meaning it cannot respond quickly to close-quarter sudden encounters. Also note that the side armour is extremely thin, so even if the player thinks they're just angling a little bit, shells like the Soviet 85 mm / 122 mm will still penetrate with ease.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

* [[IS-2]], [[ISU-122]], [[SU-152]]/[[ISU-152]]: The Pz IV/70 relies on its frontal armour a lot to survive, so the biggest threats are generally the vehicles with high penetration. These machines with high-calibre guns pose the biggest threat, as their APHEBC shells will slice through the Pz IV/70's frontal armour like butter, and their damage is more than enough to kill all the crew inside. Try and finish them off first before they see you. If they do, quickly go to a nearby cover and either call for help, or wait until they fire / are distracted.
* [[ARL-44]]: the ARL 44's 90 mm SA45 gun can cut through the Pz IV/70's armour with no effort from almost any practical combat range. Its upper frontal plate is completely immune to your shells, and its lower plate also has a habit of causing ricochets. Fortunately, its turret armour is easily penetrated by your gun, resulting in most or all of the turret crew being knocked out or even the ammunition at the back of the turret being detonated.
* [[M36B1]]: The M36 can be found on many nations in the game and is one of the earliest vehicles to utilize the 90 mm M3 gun, which fires the M82 APCBC shot capable of penetrating the sloped frontal armor of the Pz IV/70 with ease. The M82 is an incredible shell with excellent angled performance and high explosive filler content, which, combined with the limited space inside of the Pz IV hull, will often incapacitate your crew in a single shot. Thus, it is of utmost importance to destroy these vehicles if spotted.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent firepower: decent rate of fire and good accuracy for the main gun
* Stock shell has great penetration and damage, and can easily penetrate and take out most opponents like the [[T-34-85]], [[M4A2 (76) W]]/[[M4A3 (76) W|A3 (76) W]] , [[IS-1]], etc. with a single shot
* Low profile provides excellent concealment
* Sloped 80 mm frontal armour provides good protection against most of the opponents, and is especially boosted with add-on armour. It is frontally immune to 76 mm Shermans, the T-34-85 and the M18 GMC
* Decent acceleration and excellent cross country performance
* Adequate gun depression of 7 degrees for a compact hull
* Superb zoom, up to x9.2 magnification, allowing for extreme range kills

'''Cons:'''

* Lacks a turret which limits its combat potential and makes it vulnerable to flankers
* Closely packed crew meaning a penetration from any angle will likely to destroy the tank
* Poor side armour, extremely weak against most guns found at the BR
* The downward side of the gun mantlet is prone to shot traps (shell ricocheting down into the hull roof) which is lethal
* Although frontal armour is thick, it can still get knocked out with a single shot by the [[IS-2 (Family)|IS-2]] regardless the angle and distance

== History ==


{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}|expand=true}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
This variant of the anti-tank gun was developed in two different versions by the companies Vomag AG and Alkett. Though similar in combat power and armour protection, these machines were significantly different in appearance.

In August 1944, Vomag began producing its own Panzer IV/70 (V) variant with a 75 mm gun. The gun itself was positioned slightly to the right of the tank's longitudinal axis to allow better use of the vehicle's internal space. Due to the great length of the guns, they were held with a special bracket during non-combat movement. The destroyer's weight was increased to 26 tons. The great length of the barrel and the forward-weighted armour (80 mm) made the vehicle unbalanced, giving it low cross-country ability. Because of this, it was nicknamed "Guderian's duck" by the troops. The front pair of road wheels were made entirely of metal. This tank destroyer had "Schürzen" side skirts which protected the lower sides of the tank from anti-tank and hollow-charge projectiles. Vomag made a total of 930 of these tank destroyers.

The Panzer IV, Panzer IV/70 (A), and Panzer IV/70 (V) also had a commander's version produced, with a crew of five men, reduced ammunition, and an additional radio station.

The powerful armament of these vehicles made them quite popular with the Wehrmacht's anti-tank divisions. These self-propelled guns were widely used in combat operations during the final part of the war, including: the battle of Normandy and the Battle of the Bulge as well as on the Eastern Front. It was very successful as a tank destroyer due to its low profile, accurate gun and good armour protection, but performed poorly when used out of role as a substitute for tanks or assault guns to support infantry. This was increasingly necessary in the later stages of the war from late 1944 to 1945, because there was often nothing else available to the badly depleted German armoured units.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_pz_IV_L70 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|z-TzXyvePmc|'''Panzer IV/70(V) - A Desireable Experience''' - ''Napalmratte''|xF4-TcnyWw0|'''Best tank destroyers''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 7:10 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|yHuUGzezChI|'''Best after-party picks''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 4:09 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[Jagdpanzer IV]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[SU-85M]]

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:Jagdpanzer_IV|[Wikipedia] Jagdpanzer IV]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2-germany-panzer-iv-70-v/ <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Panzer IV/70 (V)]

{{Germany tank destroyers}}

Panzer IV/70(V)

2024-07-27T15:19:56Z

U136146036: The phrasing "commander machine gun" may confuse some players as the machine gun appears to be operated by the loader and isn't pintle mounted.

{{About
| about = German tank destroyer '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = Panzer IV/70(A)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_pz_IV_L70
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_Panzer_IV-70(V).jpg|ArtImage_Panzer_IV-70(V).png|ArtImage2_Panzer_IV-70(V).png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''Panzer IV/70(V)''' ([[Abbreviations#.28DE.29 Sd.Kfz. Index|Sd.Kfz. Index:]] '''Sd.Kfz. 162/1''') is the third variant of the Panzer IV medium tank-based tank destroyer family. The initial (V) represents the designer, Vomag. Approximately 930 to 940 units of this variant were built between August 1944 and April 1945, making it the most produced variant. The Panzer IV/70(V) was a formidable opponent, armed with the powerful, long-range 75 mm Panzerjägerkanone 42 L/70 tank gun that could outrange most opposing Allied tank guns.

Introduced in the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before Update 1.41, the Panzer IV/70(V) offers much better protection than its rival design, the [[Panzer IV/70(A)]]. However, it should only be used in defensive roles. Even with the 42 L/70 tank gun and 75 mm Panzerjägerkanone mounted on it, it was still a casemate tank destroyer. Maintain a safe distance from the adversary and utilize its powerful penetration and muzzle velocity to take out targets at a distance. Avoid direct engagements and let the other players take care of the fighting so the player can decide when and how to engage.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, casemate)
* Cast homogeneous armour (gun mantlet, shrapnel shield)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 80 mm (47°) ''Upper glacis'' 50 mm (55°) ''Lower glacis'' || 30 mm ''Bottom'' 30 mm + 5 mm (29°) ''Engine deck skirts'' || 22 mm (5°) || 20 mm (6°) ''Front'' 20 mm (2°) ''Engine compartment''
|-
|Superstructure || 80 mm (50°) ''Turret Front'' 75 mm (conical) ''Shrapnel shield'' 75 mm (spherical) ''Gun mantlet'' || 40 mm (29°) || 30 mm (31°) || 20 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick while tracks are 20 mm thick, and torsion bars are 15 mm thick.
* Mudguards are 4 mm thick.
* Tracks (20 mm thick) are used as add-on armour on the casemate.

Befitting of the German casemate destroyer line, the frontal armour on the {{PAGENAME}} is one to be feared. It features a mighty frontal plate of 80 mm sloped at 50°, resulting in an awesome 120 mm of protection. The gun mantlet also is very well protected, and has over 150 mm in some areas. The amazing armour is made better when the player unlocks the "add-on armour" modification, applying tracks to the front and sides of the tank, and results in over 185 mm of protection in some areas. Even with this amazing armour, it is best to use the {{PAGENAME}} at longer ranges, as this allows you to make use of your amazing gun and turns you from a difficult target to a nigh impenetrable one.

However, the side armour is very weak and is able to be penetrated by most things at your BR, so the player should be careful and look out for flankers.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=426|rbMinHp=265|AoAweight=0.4}}

Being based on the chassis of the Panzer IV, the all-round mobility is very solid. The tank is able to reach 43 km/h (27 mph) and hold itself there over most terrains and has very good hull traverse, allowing for quick turns. However the reverse speed is only 7.5 km/h. Not being able to reverse fast enough will sometimes put the player in a very dangerous situation.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|PaK42 (75 mm)}}

The Panzer IV/70(V) bears the 75 mm PaK42 cannon with a rate of fire below average. With the maximum penetration of 192 mm for the stock AP, this gun can frontally penetrate most opponents it will face. With its explosive filler, it can one shot almost all tanks upon penetration. The 935 m/s muzzle velocity allows easy targeting when aiming at moving targets. The gun traverse is average, but the depression of 7 degrees is very good given its small profile, allowing it to go into hull-down position at some place. The gun also comes with a researchable APCR round which has a maximum penetration of a whopping 228 mm, and great velocity of over 1,100 m/s. Note that just like every other APCR shot, it is not good at piercing sloped armour, and its damage is inadequate to take out the opponent with a single shot.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[PaK42 (75 mm)|75 mm PaK42]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 55 || rowspan="2" | -7°/+15° || rowspan="2" | ±12° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 7.04 || 9.75 || 11.84 || 13.09 || 13.93 || rowspan="2" | 9.62 || rowspan="2" | 8.51 || rowspan="2" | 7.84 || rowspan="2" | 7.40
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 4.76 || 5.60 || 6.80 || 7.52 || 8.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:KwK42 (75 mm)/Ammunition|PzGr 39/42, Sprgr. 42, PzGr 40/42}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_Panzer_IV-70(V).png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''55''' || 46 ''(+9)'' || 36 ''(+19)'' || 26 ''(+29)'' || 16 ''(+39)'' || 8 ''(+47)'' || 4 ''(+51)'' || 1 ''(+54)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Racks disappear after you've fired all shells in the rack.
* Packing 16 ''(+39)'' shells will keep the sides of the casemate empty.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|MG42 (7.92 mm)}}

The tank has a MG42 bow machine gun with a high fire rate. It is able to quickly finish off the exposed crews of some vehicles. However, its traverse angles are very limited meaning a lot of the time the whole tank has to be moved to get the MG on target. Also the maximum penetration of 13 mm makes it useless against those not-so-lightly-armoured vehicles, like the [[BTR-152A]], the [[M18 GMC]], etc.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG42 (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm MG42]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Hull || 600 (150) || 1,200 || -6°/+15° || ±5°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==
This vehicle is very much a defensive weapon that should only be on the offensive if the situation is desperate. The gun is powerful at this rank. In terms of penetration and muzzle velocity, it will make short work of all but the toughest tanks. When taking fire, however, the Pz IV/70(V)'s protection is inconsistent at best. Shots that strike the sloped upper superstructure are likely to bounce, but anywhere else and the shell will almost certainly penetrate at closer ranges. It is best to avoid confrontation if possible and let the other members of the team take the damage to allow the player to pick and choose the engagement. Ideally, the enemy won't have a chance to return fire. Allow room between the Panzer IV/70(V) and the enemy, and avoid traversing high-traffic areas; instead, keep an eye on them from a distance and let the enemy come towards the Panzer IV/70(V).

Urban areas should be avoided if possible. Entering such an area is an invitation for the enemy to flank, and the closeness of the engagements negates the main advantage of this tank: the gun. Engaging the enemy at close range doesn't utilize the L/70's excellent penetration at range.

=== Arcade battles ===
In Arcade battles, with the shot indicator showing the player where shots will land, the high-velocity L/70 can accurately hit targets at long ranges, and targets on the move as the shells arrive quickly at the target. The penetration indicator, which changes colour based on the chance of successful penetration, is a problem for the IV/70 (V). It highlights the weak areas of the tank to enemy players, making the weak spots obvious.

Arcade tends to be faster-paced than Realistic and Simulator, so the lack of a turret may be a large detriment as being flanked is quite common in this mode.

=== Realistic/Simulator battles ===
With a lack of markers above tanks and larger combat zones, Realistic and Simulator suit this vehicle well. Taking up a concealed firing position and engaging enemies from a distance is what this tank excels at. Be mindful of flanking attacks though, if consideration of exposed flanks and careful checking of these areas is not performed, it will likely be too late to respond to an enemy on a flank or behind. Keeping with the 'anti-tank gun with treads' analogy, zooming across the map and looking for enemies is not how this tank should be played. Let the enemy do the work because this tank is very poorly suited to assaulting. Usage of the binoculars is highly advised as they allow a zoomed-in 360-degree view without having to move the vehicle.

At the start of the match, the Panzer IV/70(V) is best used as a sniper for most of the times. The player can adapt their tactics from the StuG IIIs and the Jgdpz. 38t. A good way to get kills is to find a spot that:

* provides hard cover
* overlooks a key street / passage way
* has bushes to hide in
* is not too close to the frontline

This way the player can use the bushes to hide the Pz IV/70. If any opponent appears in the sight, the player can kill it easily with the great penetration, velocity and damage of the main cannon. If the enemy notices the player, either go back in cover until they are distracted, or utilize the sturdy frontal armour and be a "heavy tank". It can bounce quite some shells, given that the enemy's guns aren't strong enough.

As the match progresses, the player can use the Pz IV/70 as a medium tank since it has good top speed and traverse. Go cap some points and help the teammates to push. With its low profile, the Pz IV/70 can find a comfortable corner around a point and ambush any point-cappers. Now the situational awareness comes into place, as this vehicle lacks a turret, meaning it cannot respond quickly to close-quarter sudden encounters. Also note that the side armour is extremely thin, so even if the player thinks they're just angling a little bit, shells like the Soviet 85 mm / 122 mm will still penetrate with ease.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

* [[IS-2]], [[ISU-122]], [[SU-152]]/[[ISU-152]]: The Pz IV/70 relies on its frontal armour a lot to survive, so the biggest threats are generally the vehicles with high penetration. These machines with high-calibre guns pose the biggest threat, as their APHEBC shells will slice through the Pz IV/70's frontal armour like butter, and their damage is more than enough to kill all the crew inside. Try and finish them off first before they see you. If they do, quickly go to a nearby cover and either call for help, or wait until they fire / are distracted.
* [[ARL-44]]: the ARL 44's 90 mm SA45 gun can cut through the Pz IV/70's armour with no effort from almost any practical combat range. Its upper frontal plate is completely immune to your shells, and its lower plate also has a habit of causing ricochets. Fortunately, its turret armour is easily penetrated by your gun, resulting in most or all of the turret crew being knocked out or even the ammunition at the back of the turret being detonated.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent firepower: decent rate of fire and good accuracy for the main gun
* Stock shell has great penetration and damage, and can easily penetrate and take out most opponents like the [[T-34-85]], [[M4A2 (76) W]]/[[M4A3 (76) W|A3 (76) W]] , [[IS-1]], etc. with a single shot
* Low profile provides excellent concealment
* Sloped 80 mm frontal armour provides good protection against most of the opponents, and is especially boosted with add-on armour. It is frontally immune to 76 mm Shermans, the T-34-85 and the M18 GMC
* Decent acceleration and excellent cross country performance
* Adequate gun depression of 7 degrees for a compact hull
* Superb zoom, up to x9.2 magnification, allowing for extreme range kills

'''Cons:'''

* Lacks a turret which limits its combat potential and makes it vulnerable to flankers
* Closely packed crew meaning a penetration from any angle will likely to destroy the tank
* Poor side armour, extremely weak against APBCs like the Soviet 85 mm
* The downward side of the gun mantlet is prone to shot traps (shell ricocheting down into the hull roof) which is lethal
* Although frontal armour is thick, it can still get knocked out with a single shot by the [[IS-2 (Family)|IS-2]] regardless the angle and distance

== History ==


{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}|expand=true}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
This variant of the anti-tank gun was developed in two different versions by the companies Vomag AG and Alkett. Though similar in combat power and armour protection, these machines were significantly different in appearance.

In August 1944, Vomag began producing its own Panzer IV/70 (V) variant with a 75 mm gun. The gun itself was positioned slightly to the right of the tank's longitudinal axis to allow better use of the vehicle's internal space. Due to the great length of the guns, they were held with a special bracket during non-combat movement. The destroyer's weight was increased to 26 tons. The great length of the barrel and the forward-weighted armour (80 mm) made the vehicle unbalanced, giving it low cross-country ability. Because of this, it was nicknamed "Guderian's duck" by the troops. The front pair of road wheels were made entirely of metal. This tank destroyer had "Schürzen" side skirts which protected the lower sides of the tank from anti-tank and hollow-charge projectiles. Vomag made a total of 930 of these tank destroyers.

The Panzer IV, Panzer IV/70 (A), and Panzer IV/70 (V) also had a commander's version produced, with a crew of five men, reduced ammunition, and an additional radio station.

The powerful armament of these vehicles made them quite popular with the Wehrmacht's anti-tank divisions. These self-propelled guns were widely used in combat operations during the final part of the war, including: the battle of Normandy and the Battle of the Bulge as well as on the Eastern Front. It was very successful as a tank destroyer due to its low profile, accurate gun and good armour protection, but performed poorly when used out of role as a substitute for tanks or assault guns to support infantry. This was increasingly necessary in the later stages of the war from late 1944 to 1945, because there was often nothing else available to the badly depleted German armoured units.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_pz_IV_L70 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|z-TzXyvePmc|'''Panzer IV/70(V) - A Desireable Experience''' - ''Napalmratte''|xF4-TcnyWw0|'''Best tank destroyers''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 7:10 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|yHuUGzezChI|'''Best after-party picks''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 4:09 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[Jagdpanzer IV]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[SU-85M]]

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:Jagdpanzer_IV|[Wikipedia] Jagdpanzer IV]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2-germany-panzer-iv-70-v/ <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Panzer IV/70 (V)]

{{Germany tank destroyers}}

File:Ammoracks Jagdpanzer IV.png

2024-07-27T15:15:44Z

U136146036: U136146036 uploaded a new version of File:Ammoracks Jagdpanzer IV.png

[[Category:Ammo racks]]

Jagdpanzer IV

2024-07-27T15:14:51Z

U136146036: Updated information regarding ammo stowage, removed visual discrepancy as it no longer exists.

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_jgdpz_IV_L48
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}_AddArmour.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png|ArtImage2_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''Jagdpanzer IV''' ([[Abbreviations#.28DE.29 Sd.Kfz. Index|Sd.Kfz. Index:]] '''Sd.Kfz. 162''') is the first variant of the Panzer IV medium tank-based tank destroyer family. It was created as a successor to the [[StuG III (Family)|Sturmgeschütz III assault gun family]] against the wishes of Heinz Guderian, the inspector general of the Panzertruppen, and was the first casemate-style turretless tank destroyer built on a Panzer IV medium tank chassis. It is armed with a 75 mm Panzerjägerkanone 39 L/43 tank gun. The armour plates on the front are sloped. Internally, the ammunition racks and fuel tanks were moved to make room for the new superstructure. The auxiliary engine that drove the turret traverse mechanism was removed from the vehicle since it did not have a turret. The 80 mm thick sloping armour on the new superstructure provided effective protection equivalent to more than 100 mm of vertical armour. The superstructure was constructed from huge, interconnecting plates that were welded together to simplify the production process.

Introduced in the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before Update 1.41, the Jagdpanzer IV is a heavily armoured tank destroyer that can be played in both offensive and defensive roles. Its strong frontal armour plates make it difficult for most adversaries to penetrate. However, since it lacks a turret, players should not use it on city maps with narrow streets. Nevertheless, it is a formidable vehicle with excellent defence and main armament. It should be easy for players to take the initiative and lead the attack or hold down choke points.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull, Superstructure)
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 60 mm (47°) ''Upper glacis'' 50 mm (55°) ''Lower glacis'' || 30 mm (12-48°) + 5 mm (29°) ''Top'' 30 mm ''Bottom'' || 22 mm (15°) || 20 mm (6°) ''Front'' 20 mm (2°) ''Rear''
|-
| Superstructure || 60 mm (50°) ''Front glacis'' 75 mm (conical) ''Gun mantlet'' 80 mm (spherical) ''Gun mount'' 120 mm (50°) ''Gun mount frame'' || 30 mm (29°) || 30 mm (31°) || 20 mm 60 mm ''Gun mount''
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and bogies are 15 mm thick while tracks are 20 mm thick.
* The [[Add-on Armor|add-on armour]] module adds tracks on the front and sides of the superstructure and the front hull.
* Mudguards are 4 mm thick.

The {{PAGENAME}} has a very vulnerable front hull, which can be penetrated easily by most guns at the battle rating. The fact that the transmission is mounted directly behind the front glacis means that any shot will disable it. It can be a double-edged sword: the transmission will soak up most shots which can be good at long range, but at close range it is a death sentence, as it allows your enemy to casually flank to your vulnerable sides and take out your whole crew.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=426|rbMinHp=265|AoAweight=0.46}}

Based on the chassis of the Pz.IV, the {{PAGENAME}} is slightly heavier but still benefits from the same all-round mobility: it accelerates steadily and is able to reach a maximum speed of 43 km/h in a dozen of seconds. The brakes are powerful and make the {{PAGENAME}} stop within metres (the violent braking however causes the hull to wobble, making your targeting less accurate). The reverse speed is good: it will get you out of a dangerous situation quickly but not enough to play overextending tactics. The lack of neutral steering makes turning on the spot slow (2 km/h): make sure to build a little speed before turning and you'll turn faster (6 km/h). If you need to quickly turn your hull on the spot towards flanking enemies, privilege the reverse gear (-3 km/h). Turning at high speed makes you significantly lose speed but your acceleration compensates for that aspect.
The stock tracks are narrow and grant you a decent mobility on hard terrain (solid ground, roads) but poor mobility on soft terrain (mud, snow, sand). Once researched, the "Winterketten" wide tracks for snowy terrain will grant you a very good mobility on soft terrain.
The {{PAGENAME}} reaches 17 km/h when fording, 17 km/h when driving uphill with some speed built-up but a mere 7 km/h uphill from a stop start.
Light and medium obstacles (fences, posts, bushes and small trees) are not a problem but large obstacles (trees, concrete blocks and parked vehicles) will hinder your mobility: avoid them.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|PaK39 L48 (75 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[PaK39 L48 (75 mm)|75 mm PaK39 L48]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 79 || rowspan="2" | -8°/+15° || rowspan="2" | ±12° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 7.04 || 9.75 || 11.84 || 13.09 || 13.93 || rowspan="2" | 7.67 || rowspan="2" | 6.79 || rowspan="2" | 6.25 || rowspan="2" | 5.90
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 4.76 || 5.60 || 6.80 || 7.52 || 8.00
|-
|}

The 75 mm PaK39 L48 cannon stays reliably accurate until 1,200 m distance. Beyond 1,500 m the loss of accuracy becomes a real handicap, together with the poor magnification of your optics. Using the "sight distance control" feature can help mitigate that aspect.

The average muzzle velocity of your APCBC and APCR shells still grants you flat predictible trajectories and thus helps firing at moving targets from a distance. HEAT and HE shells on the other hand are slow and will fly with a curved trajectory. Lacking a stabilizer, the tank can't accurately fire on the move.

The gun has a limited traverse on the horizontal axis. This can make the tracking of a target difficult as the gun quickly reaches a stop. Take that constraint into account when positioning your hull at a firing spot. The traverse speed of the gun however is slow in comparison to other tank destroyers at the battle rating, which makes your targeting process slow. The elevation angle is average and the depression angle is good. Make good use of it to shoot from behind ridges.

Your reload time is similar to vehicles at the same BR, if not a little longer than average. The gun recoil is average for a German vehicle and not important enough to throw your gun off target after firing.

Although exemplary at lower battle ratings, the PaK39 will find itself coming up short at the {{PAGENAME}}'s BR. Compared to analogue 75 & 76 mm cannons, the PaK39 comes last in both ballistic performance and muzzle velocity.

To compensate for these shortcomings, tanks mounting the PaK39 are able to use the PzGr 40 APCR shell which offers an increased penetration power at point blank range. Although lacking in significant post-penetration damage, using the APCR could mean the difference between disabling a vehicle and bouncing a shell.

==== Ammunition ====
The ammunition available to the {{PAGENAME}} allows for engaging all types of targets:

* '''PzGr 39''': APCBC; a shell with explosive filler but an average penetration power. It will destroy any tank it penetrates and should be the main ammunition used in battle. Few vehicles will be able to withstand this shell but follow-up shots may be needed occasionally.
* '''PzGr 40''': APCR; a composite round with the best penetration but no explosive filler and that will only penetrate flat vertical surfaces. Pack a few of these shells to use against heavily armoured foes that the '''PzGr 39''' can't penetrate, or when sniping as the higher muzzle velocity makes aiming at moving targets easier.
* '''Hl.Gr 38B''': HEAT; a shaped charge with mediocre penetration but without penetration loss over distance. It penetrates only flat vertical surfaces but the post-penetration damage is very effective on open and lightly armoured vehicles. It has however a very slow muzzle velocity (around twice slower than your fast projectiles).
* '''Sprgr. 34''': HE; a high-explosive round perfect to obliterate open and lightly armoured vehicles but it has a slow muzzle velocity.
* '''K.Gr.Rot Nb.''': Smoke shell; useful to blind enemy vehicles that are too remote for you to disable so that you can progress towards objectives.

{{:PaK39 L48 (75 mm)/Ammunition|PzGr 39, Hl.Gr 38B, PzGr 40, K.Gr.Rot Nb., Sprgr. 34}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! 9th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''79''' || 69 ''(+10)'' || 59 ''(+20)'' || 49 ''(+30)'' || 43 ''(+36)'' || 35 ''(+44)'' || 29 ''(+50)'' || 21 ''(+58)'' || 11 ''(+68)'' || 1 ''(+78)'' || No
|-
|}
Notes:

* Pack 29 ''(+50)'' shells to go into battle with the right flank and hull empty.
* Shells in racks are depleted by increments of two.
* Sponson racks contain 10 shells each.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|MG42 (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG42 (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm MG42]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Hull || 1,200 (150) || 1,200 || -3°/+4° || ±5°
|-
|}

The {{PAGENAME}} has a MG42 machine gun. Since it is mounted on the hull, it cannot effectively shoot at planes. However, it does have a higher fire rate, making it useful for gunning down lightly armoured vehicles.

== Usage in battles ==


;Combat tactics

* In an offensive role, the {{PAGENAME}} should be played as a long range sniper, taking advantage of the APCBC shell's good penetration values, high gun accuracy and frontal sloped armour. Use your good mobility to get to a shooting spot. Engage targets from at least 1,000 m away to prevent enemy progress towards the objectives. You will also suppress enemy fire to prevent your team from being pinned down by enemy tank destroyers. Because of your weak side armour, always stay away from the frontline to avoid being flanked or swarmed and thus maximise your chances of survival. When engaging enemy tanks, privilege firing hull-down from behind cover. With your firepower, any enemy wandering in your sight alone is practically dead.

* In a defensive role, your role is to contain the enemy advance in case of a breakthrough. The enemy will be pushing forward and thus moving the front line, making engagements take place at a closer range than you're comfortable with. You should identify and target in priority choke points, narrow passages and corridors of the map that the enemy will be forced to take. Your limited gun traverse still allows you to monitor an area spanning 212 m at 500 m distance without having to reposition your hull. A flanking enemy, artillery strikes or CAS will be the greatest threats to the {{PAGENAME}} in that combat role.

* If you try to play the {{PAGENAME}} as a front-line tank or a support tank, you will be confronting with the following issues. As a turretless tank destroyer, your turning speed is too poor to manoeuvre quickly enough in close combat to face flanking enemies. You will be quickly disabled by any fire targeting your sides. As soon as you are immobilized (driver or transmission disabled), you are most likely dead. From up close, most tanks will have no problem penetrating your hull or your superstructure. And if are even slightly angled, most enemies will be able to penetrate your superstructure's side armour with little effort.

;Notable enemies:

Any tank sporting a long gun of calibre 75 mm or bigger will disable you with little effort in a close range encounter at this battle rating because of your weak armour. For long range engagements, M4A3E2 Jumbos are the enemies most likely to bounce your shell from a distance. Luckily, it won't be able to return lethal fire from afar.

;Defeating a {{PAGENAME}}

* Flanking the tank destroyer undetected and immobilizing it with your first shot remains your best chance to destroy it. But it is difficult because it will position very far from the frontline.
* The most suitable shells to deal with a {{PAGENAME}} are APCBC or APHE shells with a high penetration power.
* Force the {{PAGENAME}} out of position with indirect fire (artillery strikes) if you're at relative close range and it is locking down a passage.
* As a turretless tank destroyer with weak side armour, initiate a pincer movement on the {{PAGENAME}} together with a teammate. This will force it to retreat and relocate or face the risk of being destroyed.
* In case of a frontal attack (choke point/corridor), try blinding the {{PAGENAME}} with smoke and then swarm it with several tanks to saturate its defensive capacities.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very comfortable to drive thanks to the fair acceleration and top speed
* Excellent gun traverse arc to each side gives the ability to shot while having the tank angled
* Low profile, not an easy target at long ranges
* Can load APCR to help with heavier tanks
* Frontal armour is well sloped and can mount tracks to improve protection

'''Cons:'''

* Vulnerable sides
* Will often face vehicles that can punch through its armour frontally
* PaK39 is lacking compared to enemy armaments
* Prone to ammo rack detonation
* As with most casemates, a dead transmission or driver means a dead vehicle
* Small vehicle, if it gets penetrated all the crew can be knocked out in one hit

== History ==

===Development===
In September 1942, the Wehrmacht arms bureau called for a new type of assault vehicles. The specifications listed was 100 mm front armour, 40-50 mm on the sides, wide tracks, a top speed of 26 km/h, ground clearance of 50 cm, and a very low firing position. The design was to be armed with the 75 mm Pak 42 mounted on the [[Panther D|Panther]] tanks. Though this project was originally conceived over a completely new chassis, the [[Pz.IV G|Panzer IV]] was chosen to be used instead. The design was to have a low silhouette and an enclosed casemate fighting compartment after experiences with the [[Marder III H|Marder IIIs]] showed that such features were necessary for a successful fighting vehicle.

The Panzer IV chassis was converted into the '''Jagdpanzer IV''', which featured new designs to the original. The utilization of the Panzer IV chassis was met with much criticism by General Heinz Guderian, who saw the diverting of Panzer IV tank resources as unnecessary since the current assault gun [[StuG_III_G|StuG III]] was more than adequate in the role and Germany still needed reliable tanks that it could use. The vertical front hull armour was replaced with large sloped armour plates, ammunition and fuel were moved to accommodate the new superstructure design, and the auxiliary engine that once powered the Panzer IV turret was removed. The superstructure had 80 mm thick sloping armour that gives it an effective 100 mm thick. To simplify the production of this vehicle, the superstructure was essentially made of large interlocking plates that are welded together. The vehicle had a crew of four, the commander, gunner, loader, and driver. The vehicle was armed with a 75 mm gun, though originally suppose to be the one from the Panther, shortages forced the mounting of older guns such as the 75 mm Pak 39 L/48 cannon, which were less powerful than the Panther's PaK 42, but were still lethal. Due to the different gun mounts, three main variants were produced from the Jagdpanzer IV, the original '''Jagdpanzer IV''' (with the 75 mm Pak 39 L/48 cannon), the [[Panzer IV/70(V)|Panzer IV/70 (V)]], and the [[Panzer IV/70(A)|Panzer IV/70 (A)]] (Both of which have the 75 mm Pak 42 L/70 cannon).

The Jagdpanzer IV, mounting the 75 mm Pak 39, was designed and produced by Vomag. It was produced from January to November 1944 with about 769 units produced. The early version had a muzzle brake and ''zimmerit'' anti-magnetic paste added to the vehicle. However, the muzzle brake was removed as it kicks up a large amount of dust from the ground that obscures the gunner's sights so that was removed, and the ''zimmerit'' was also removed after September 1944 due to rumours that they were causing vehicle fires. Other modifications were made to the design over time, but the biggest change in its production was the addition of ''Schürzen'' side armour plates.

===Combat usage===
The Jagdpanzer IV (the name was interchangeable between all of its variants) was first issued on March 1944 and was employed in an anti-tank role in the Western and Eastern Front. The Jagdpanzer IV participated in the Normandy Campaign, Battle of the Bulge, and the Soviet Offensives on the Eastern Front. Their overall performance was very successful as tank destroyers and only sub-par in other roles that are usually taken by tanks or assault guns, as the high-velocity 75 mm cannon it mounts were unsuitable for anti-infantry and fortification purposes. However, they were soon put in positions of tanks due to shortages of capable fighting vehicles in German inventory. One of the popular Jagdpanzer IV aces was SS-Oberscharführer Rudolf Roy who was attached to the 12th SS Tank Destroyer Battalion. He was killed while looking out of his Jagdpanzer IV hatch during the Battle of the Bulge.

After World War II ended, the Jagdpanzer IV's design still saw service with the German Bundeswehr as the ''[[JPz 4-5|Hanomag-Henschel JPz 4-5|Kanonenjagdpanzer]]'', which has the nearly same design as the Jagdpanzer IV, but most notably with a 90 mm gun. Some captured Jagdpanzer IVs were given out by the Soviet Union to Romania and Syria, but Romania scrapped all the German armour by 1954 and Syria used them in conflicts against Israel until 1967.

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
This self-propelled gun was developed in 1943 to strengthen German anti-tank defensive capabilities. A very low, welded hull was placed on the Pz.Kpfw. IV's chassis, with reasonably-sloped front and side armour plates. This way, the front armour was almost 50% thicker than the tank's base model. The combat and control crew compartments were located in the front, and the engine was in the rear. The tank destroyer was armed with a 75 mm 7,5cm Pak39 L/48 anti-tank gun with a long 48 calibre barrel, mounted in the combat crew compartment. On the exterior, the gun was covered by a massive, cast mantlet. To enhance the armour protection on the sides of the self-propelled vehicle, additional Schurzen side skirts were added. Self-propelled anti-tank guns released before September 1944 had anti-magnetic Zimmerit paste applied to their vertical surfaces.

Vomag AG factories released 769 of these vehicles from January to October 1944.

In August 1944, vehicles began to be produced with the 75 mm 7.5 cm KwK42 L/70 gun, similar to the gun installed on the Panther tank. This transition passed smoothly, and production of Jagdpanzer IV tanks with the shorter guns gradually tapered off.

This tank destroyer enjoyed great popularity with tank troops, since its gun could knock out virtually any Allied tank of its day.

This anti-tank gun fought with anti-tank divisions on all fronts.

The generally successful vehicle had a number of shortcomings. Its front armour was 60 mm thick, resulting in the loss of a number of vehicles. However, increasing the thickness to 80 mm shifted the vehicle's center of gravity, overloading the front pair of road wheels, which were prone to fail.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_jgdpz_IV_L48 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|M_EnuM2MoQ8|'''The Shooting Range #296''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:04 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[Pz.IV (Family)]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[StuG III G]]
* [[SU-85]]
* [[75/46 M43]]

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:Jagdpanzer_IV|[Wikipedia] Jagdpanzer IV]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/nazi_germany/jagdpanzer-iv.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Jagdpanzer IV]
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=241 <nowiki>[Military Factory]</nowiki> SdKfz 162 Jagdpanzer IV (Panzerjager 39)]

{{Germany tank destroyers}}

File:Ammoracks StuH 42 G.png

2024-07-27T14:50:03Z

U136146036: U136146036 uploaded a new version of File:Ammoracks StuH 42 G.png

[[Category:Ammo racks]]

User:U136146036

2024-07-27T03:00:58Z

U136146036: Cleared page again thanks to my OCD.

User:U136146036

2024-07-21T22:02:34Z

U136146036:

PLEASE GAIJIN JUST TELL ME THE AMMO RACK FILL ORDER IN GAME

User:U136146036

2024-07-14T23:53:15Z

U136146036: Revised my bio to be more heartwarming :3

PLEASE GAIJIN JUST LET ME SEE THE AMMO RACK ORDER IN GAME

Jagdpanzer IV

2024-07-14T23:50:51Z

U136146036: The ammo rack information appears to be outdated and I may update it at some point.

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_jgdpz_IV_L48
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}_AddArmour.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png|ArtImage2_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''Jagdpanzer IV''' ([[Abbreviations#.28DE.29 Sd.Kfz. Index|Sd.Kfz. Index:]] '''Sd.Kfz. 162''') is the first variant of the Panzer IV medium tank-based tank destroyer family. It was created as a successor to the [[StuG III (Family)|Sturmgeschütz III assault gun family]] against the wishes of Heinz Guderian, the inspector general of the Panzertruppen, and was the first casemate-style turretless tank destroyer built on a Panzer IV medium tank chassis. It is armed with a 75 mm Panzerjägerkanone 39 L/43 tank gun. The armour plates on the front are sloped. Internally, the ammunition racks and fuel tanks were moved to make room for the new superstructure. The auxiliary engine that drove the turret traverse mechanism was removed from the vehicle since it did not have a turret. The 80 mm thick sloping armour on the new superstructure provided effective protection equivalent to more than 100 mm of vertical armour. The superstructure was constructed from huge, interconnecting plates that were welded together to simplify the production process.

Introduced in the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before Update 1.41, the Jagdpanzer IV is a heavily armoured tank destroyer that can be played in both offensive and defensive roles. Its strong frontal armour plates make it difficult for most adversaries to penetrate. However, since it lacks a turret, players should not use it on city maps with narrow streets. Nevertheless, it is a formidable vehicle with excellent defence and main armament. It should be easy for players to take the initiative and lead the attack or hold down choke points.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull, Superstructure)
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 60 mm (47°) ''Upper glacis'' 50 mm (55°) ''Lower glacis'' || 30 mm (12-48°) + 5 mm (29°) ''Top'' 30 mm ''Bottom'' || 22 mm (15°) || 20 mm (6°) ''Front'' 20 mm (2°) ''Rear''
|-
| Superstructure || 60 mm (50°) ''Front glacis'' 75 mm (conical) ''Gun mantlet'' 80 mm (spherical) ''Gun mount'' 120 mm (50°) ''Gun mount frame'' || 30 mm (29°) || 30 mm (31°) || 20 mm 60 mm ''Gun mount''
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and bogies are 15 mm thick while tracks are 20 mm thick.
* The [[Add-on Armor|add-on armour]] module adds tracks on the front and sides of the superstructure and the front hull.
* Mudguards are 4 mm thick.

The {{PAGENAME}} has a very vulnerable front hull, which can be penetrated easily by most guns at the battle rating. The fact that the transmission is mounted directly behind the front glacis means that any shot will disable it. It can be a double-edged sword: the transmission will soak up most shots which can be good at long range, but at close range it is a death sentence, as it allows your enemy to casually flank to your vulnerable sides and take out your whole crew.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=426|rbMinHp=265|AoAweight=0.46}}

Based on the chassis of the Pz.IV, the {{PAGENAME}} is slightly heavier but still benefits from the same all-round mobility: it accelerates steadily and is able to reach a maximum speed of 43 km/h in a dozen of seconds. The brakes are powerful and make the {{PAGENAME}} stop within metres (the violent braking however causes the hull to wobble, making your targeting less accurate). The reverse speed is good: it will get you out of a dangerous situation quickly but not enough to play overextending tactics. The lack of neutral steering makes turning on the spot slow (2 km/h): make sure to build a little speed before turning and you'll turn faster (6 km/h). If you need to quickly turn your hull on the spot towards flanking enemies, privilege the reverse gear (-3 km/h). Turning at high speed makes you significantly lose speed but your acceleration compensates for that aspect.
The stock tracks are narrow and grant you a decent mobility on hard terrain (solid ground, roads) but poor mobility on soft terrain (mud, snow, sand). Once researched, the "Winterketten" wide tracks for snowy terrain will grant you a very good mobility on soft terrain.
The {{PAGENAME}} reaches 17 km/h when fording, 17 km/h when driving uphill with some speed built-up but a mere 7 km/h uphill from a stop start.
Light and medium obstacles (fences, posts, bushes and small trees) are not a problem but large obstacles (trees, concrete blocks and parked vehicles) will hinder your mobility: avoid them.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|PaK39 L48 (75 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[PaK39 L48 (75 mm)|75 mm PaK39 L48]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 79 || rowspan="2" | -8°/+15° || rowspan="2" | ±12° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 7.04 || 9.75 || 11.84 || 13.09 || 13.93 || rowspan="2" | 7.67 || rowspan="2" | 6.79 || rowspan="2" | 6.25 || rowspan="2" | 5.90
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 4.76 || 5.60 || 6.80 || 7.52 || 8.00
|-
|}

The 75 mm PaK39 L48 cannon stays reliably accurate until 1,200 m distance. Beyond 1,500 m the loss of accuracy becomes a real handicap, together with the poor magnification of your optics. Using the "sight distance control" feature can help mitigate that aspect.

The average muzzle velocity of your APCBC and APCR shells still grants you flat predictible trajectories and thus helps firing at moving targets from a distance. HEAT and HE shells on the other hand are slow and will fly with a curved trajectory. Lacking a stabilizer, the tank can't accurately fire on the move.

The gun has a limited traverse on the horizontal axis. This can make the tracking of a target difficult as the gun quickly reaches a stop. Take that constraint into account when positioning your hull at a firing spot. The traverse speed of the gun however is slow in comparison to other tank destroyers at the battle rating, which makes your targeting process slow. The elevation angle is average and the depression angle is good. Make good use of it to shoot from behind ridges.

Your reload time is similar to vehicles at the same BR, if not a little longer than average. The gun recoil is average for a German vehicle and not important enough to throw your gun off target after firing.

Although exemplary at lower battle ratings, the PaK39 will find itself coming up short at the {{PAGENAME}}'s BR. Compared to analogue 75 & 76 mm cannons, the PaK39 comes last in both ballistic performance and muzzle velocity.

To compensate for these shortcomings, tanks mounting the PaK39 are able to use the PzGr 40 APCR shell which offers an increased penetration power at point blank range. Although lacking in significant post-penetration damage, using the APCR could mean the difference between disabling a vehicle and bouncing a shell.

==== Ammunition ====
The ammunition available to the {{PAGENAME}} allows for engaging all types of targets:

* '''PzGr 39''': APCBC; a shell with explosive filler but an average penetration power. It will destroy any tank it penetrates and should be the main ammunition used in battle. Few vehicles will be able to withstand this shell but follow-up shots may be needed occasionally.
* '''PzGr 40''': APCR; a composite round with the best penetration but no explosive filler and that will only penetrate flat vertical surfaces. Pack a few of these shells to use against heavily armoured foes that the '''PzGr 39''' can't penetrate, or when sniping as the higher muzzle velocity makes aiming at moving targets easier.
* '''Hl.Gr 38B''': HEAT; a shaped charge with mediocre penetration but without penetration loss over distance. It penetrates only flat vertical surfaces but the post-penetration damage is very effective on open and lightly armoured vehicles. It has however a very slow muzzle velocity (around twice slower than your fast projectiles).
* '''Sprgr. 34''': HE; a high-explosive round perfect to obliterate open and lightly armoured vehicles but it has a slow muzzle velocity.
* '''K.Gr.Rot Nb.''': Smoke shell; useful to blind enemy vehicles that are too remote for you to disable so that you can progress towards objectives.

{{:PaK39 L48 (75 mm)/Ammunition|PzGr 39, Hl.Gr 38B, PzGr 40, K.Gr.Rot Nb., Sprgr. 34}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! 9th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''79''' || 71 ''(+8)'' || 62 ''(+17)'' || 53 ''(+26)'' || 44 ''(+35)'' || 35 ''(+44)'' || 26 ''(+53)'' || 17 ''(+62)'' || 9 ''(+70)'' || 1 ''(+78)'' || Yes
|-
|}
Notes:

* Pack 26 ''(+53)'' shells to go into battle with the left flank ammunition depleted (racks 1 to 6 emptied).
* The visual discrepancy concerns the number of shells per rack as well as the total number of sells (73 shells modeled for 79 available).
* Rack 1 is modeled as 3 shells, racks 2, 3, 7 & 8: 10 shells, racks 4 & 5: 8 shells, rack 6: 6 shells and rack 9: 11 shells.
* However, racks 1 to 7 contain 9 shells each while racks 8 and 9 contain 8 shells each.
* As of 07/14/24, the ammo rack fill order of this vehicle is incorrect and racks 2/3 are the last racks to be depleted.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|MG42 (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG42 (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm MG42]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Hull || 1,200 (150) || 1,200 || -3°/+4° || ±5°
|-
|}

The {{PAGENAME}} has a MG42 machine gun. Since it is mounted on the hull, it cannot effectively shoot at planes. However, it does have a higher fire rate, making it useful for gunning down lightly armoured vehicles.

== Usage in battles ==


;Combat tactics

* In an offensive role, the {{PAGENAME}} should be played as a long range sniper, taking advantage of the APCBC shell's good penetration values, high gun accuracy and frontal sloped armour. Use your good mobility to get to a shooting spot. Engage targets from at least 1,000 m away to prevent enemy progress towards the objectives. You will also suppress enemy fire to prevent your team from being pinned down by enemy tank destroyers. Because of your weak side armour, always stay away from the frontline to avoid being flanked or swarmed and thus maximise your chances of survival. When engaging enemy tanks, privilege firing hull-down from behind cover. With your firepower, any enemy wandering in your sight alone is practically dead.

* In a defensive role, your role is to contain the enemy advance in case of a breakthrough. The enemy will be pushing forward and thus moving the front line, making engagements take place at a closer range than you're comfortable with. You should identify and target in priority choke points, narrow passages and corridors of the map that the enemy will be forced to take. Your limited gun traverse still allows you to monitor an area spanning 212 m at 500 m distance without having to reposition your hull. A flanking enemy, artillery strikes or CAS will be the greatest threats to the {{PAGENAME}} in that combat role.

* If you try to play the {{PAGENAME}} as a front-line tank or a support tank, you will be confronting with the following issues. As a turretless tank destroyer, your turning speed is too poor to manoeuvre quickly enough in close combat to face flanking enemies. You will be quickly disabled by any fire targeting your sides. As soon as you are immobilized (driver or transmission disabled), you are most likely dead. From up close, most tanks will have no problem penetrating your hull or your superstructure. And if are even slightly angled, most enemies will be able to penetrate your superstructure's side armour with little effort.

;Notable enemies:

Any tank sporting a long gun of calibre 75 mm or bigger will disable you with little effort in a close range encounter at this battle rating because of your weak armour. For long range engagements, M4A3E2 Jumbos are the enemies most likely to bounce your shell from a distance. Luckily, it won't be able to return lethal fire from afar.

;Defeating a {{PAGENAME}}

* Flanking the tank destroyer undetected and immobilizing it with your first shot remains your best chance to destroy it. But it is difficult because it will position very far from the frontline.
* The most suitable shells to deal with a {{PAGENAME}} are APCBC or APHE shells with a high penetration power.
* Force the {{PAGENAME}} out of position with indirect fire (artillery strikes) if you're at relative close range and it is locking down a passage.
* As a turretless tank destroyer with weak side armour, initiate a pincer movement on the {{PAGENAME}} together with a teammate. This will force it to retreat and relocate or face the risk of being destroyed.
* In case of a frontal attack (choke point/corridor), try blinding the {{PAGENAME}} with smoke and then swarm it with several tanks to saturate its defensive capacities.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very comfortable to drive thanks to the fair acceleration and top speed
* Excellent gun traverse arc to each side gives the ability to shot while having the tank angled
* Low profile, not an easy target at long ranges
* Can load APCR to help with heavier tanks
* Frontal armour is well sloped and can mount tracks to improve protection

'''Cons:'''

* Vulnerable sides
* Will often face vehicles that can punch through its armour frontally
* PaK39 is lacking compared to enemy armaments
* Prone to ammo rack detonation
* As with most casemates, a dead transmission or driver means a dead vehicle
* Small vehicle, if it gets penetrated all the crew can be knocked out in one hit

== History ==

===Development===
In September 1942, the Wehrmacht arms bureau called for a new type of assault vehicles. The specifications listed was 100 mm front armour, 40-50 mm on the sides, wide tracks, a top speed of 26 km/h, ground clearance of 50 cm, and a very low firing position. The design was to be armed with the 75 mm Pak 42 mounted on the [[Panther D|Panther]] tanks. Though this project was originally conceived over a completely new chassis, the [[Pz.IV G|Panzer IV]] was chosen to be used instead. The design was to have a low silhouette and an enclosed casemate fighting compartment after experiences with the [[Marder III H|Marder IIIs]] showed that such features were necessary for a successful fighting vehicle.

The Panzer IV chassis was converted into the '''Jagdpanzer IV''', which featured new designs to the original. The utilization of the Panzer IV chassis was met with much criticism by General Heinz Guderian, who saw the diverting of Panzer IV tank resources as unnecessary since the current assault gun [[StuG_III_G|StuG III]] was more than adequate in the role and Germany still needed reliable tanks that it could use. The vertical front hull armour was replaced with large sloped armour plates, ammunition and fuel were moved to accommodate the new superstructure design, and the auxiliary engine that once powered the Panzer IV turret was removed. The superstructure had 80 mm thick sloping armour that gives it an effective 100 mm thick. To simplify the production of this vehicle, the superstructure was essentially made of large interlocking plates that are welded together. The vehicle had a crew of four, the commander, gunner, loader, and driver. The vehicle was armed with a 75 mm gun, though originally suppose to be the one from the Panther, shortages forced the mounting of older guns such as the 75 mm Pak 39 L/48 cannon, which were less powerful than the Panther's PaK 42, but were still lethal. Due to the different gun mounts, three main variants were produced from the Jagdpanzer IV, the original '''Jagdpanzer IV''' (with the 75 mm Pak 39 L/48 cannon), the [[Panzer IV/70(V)|Panzer IV/70 (V)]], and the [[Panzer IV/70(A)|Panzer IV/70 (A)]] (Both of which have the 75 mm Pak 42 L/70 cannon).

The Jagdpanzer IV, mounting the 75 mm Pak 39, was designed and produced by Vomag. It was produced from January to November 1944 with about 769 units produced. The early version had a muzzle brake and ''zimmerit'' anti-magnetic paste added to the vehicle. However, the muzzle brake was removed as it kicks up a large amount of dust from the ground that obscures the gunner's sights so that was removed, and the ''zimmerit'' was also removed after September 1944 due to rumours that they were causing vehicle fires. Other modifications were made to the design over time, but the biggest change in its production was the addition of ''Schürzen'' side armour plates.

===Combat usage===
The Jagdpanzer IV (the name was interchangeable between all of its variants) was first issued on March 1944 and was employed in an anti-tank role in the Western and Eastern Front. The Jagdpanzer IV participated in the Normandy Campaign, Battle of the Bulge, and the Soviet Offensives on the Eastern Front. Their overall performance was very successful as tank destroyers and only sub-par in other roles that are usually taken by tanks or assault guns, as the high-velocity 75 mm cannon it mounts were unsuitable for anti-infantry and fortification purposes. However, they were soon put in positions of tanks due to shortages of capable fighting vehicles in German inventory. One of the popular Jagdpanzer IV aces was SS-Oberscharführer Rudolf Roy who was attached to the 12th SS Tank Destroyer Battalion. He was killed while looking out of his Jagdpanzer IV hatch during the Battle of the Bulge.

After World War II ended, the Jagdpanzer IV's design still saw service with the German Bundeswehr as the ''[[JPz 4-5|Hanomag-Henschel JPz 4-5|Kanonenjagdpanzer]]'', which has the nearly same design as the Jagdpanzer IV, but most notably with a 90 mm gun. Some captured Jagdpanzer IVs were given out by the Soviet Union to Romania and Syria, but Romania scrapped all the German armour by 1954 and Syria used them in conflicts against Israel until 1967.

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
This self-propelled gun was developed in 1943 to strengthen German anti-tank defensive capabilities. A very low, welded hull was placed on the Pz.Kpfw. IV's chassis, with reasonably-sloped front and side armour plates. This way, the front armour was almost 50% thicker than the tank's base model. The combat and control crew compartments were located in the front, and the engine was in the rear. The tank destroyer was armed with a 75 mm 7,5cm Pak39 L/48 anti-tank gun with a long 48 calibre barrel, mounted in the combat crew compartment. On the exterior, the gun was covered by a massive, cast mantlet. To enhance the armour protection on the sides of the self-propelled vehicle, additional Schurzen side skirts were added. Self-propelled anti-tank guns released before September 1944 had anti-magnetic Zimmerit paste applied to their vertical surfaces.

Vomag AG factories released 769 of these vehicles from January to October 1944.

In August 1944, vehicles began to be produced with the 75 mm 7.5 cm KwK42 L/70 gun, similar to the gun installed on the Panther tank. This transition passed smoothly, and production of Jagdpanzer IV tanks with the shorter guns gradually tapered off.

This tank destroyer enjoyed great popularity with tank troops, since its gun could knock out virtually any Allied tank of its day.

This anti-tank gun fought with anti-tank divisions on all fronts.

The generally successful vehicle had a number of shortcomings. Its front armour was 60 mm thick, resulting in the loss of a number of vehicles. However, increasing the thickness to 80 mm shifted the vehicle's center of gravity, overloading the front pair of road wheels, which were prone to fail.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_jgdpz_IV_L48 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|M_EnuM2MoQ8|'''The Shooting Range #296''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:04 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[Pz.IV (Family)]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[StuG III G]]
* [[SU-85]]
* [[75/46 M43]]

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:Jagdpanzer_IV|[Wikipedia] Jagdpanzer IV]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/nazi_germany/jagdpanzer-iv.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Jagdpanzer IV]
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=241 <nowiki>[Military Factory]</nowiki> SdKfz 162 Jagdpanzer IV (Panzerjager 39)]

{{Germany tank destroyers}}

File:Ammoracks StuH 42 G.png

2024-07-13T20:43:14Z

U136146036: U136146036 uploaded a new version of File:Ammoracks StuH 42 G.png

[[Category:Ammo racks]]

File:Ammoracks StuH 42 G.png

2024-07-13T20:40:00Z

U136146036: U136146036 uploaded a new version of File:Ammoracks StuH 42 G.png

[[Category:Ammo racks]]

StuH 42 G

2024-07-13T20:39:07Z

U136146036: Overhauled ammo rack information.

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_stuh_III_ausf_G
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png|ArtImage2_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' ([[Abbreviations#.28DE.29_Sd.Kfz._Index|German armoury designation:]] '''Sd.Kfz. 142/2''') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.49 "Weapons of Victory"]].

While the StuH 42 bears much resemblance to the [[StuG III G]], its playstyle is much, much different. While later StuGs (Ausf. F - G) are most effective at medium to long range combat, StuH is much more suitable for medium to very close range (mostly in RB).

The reason is its gun - it is equipped with a large 10.5 cm howitzer, hence the abbreviation Stu'''H''' – Sturm '''Haubitze'''. The shell velocity is lesser than that of StuG, but they can cause crippling damage with a single hit. Due to low muzzle velocity, shells often fail to hit moving tanks, often requiring to get closer to the opponents. Fortunately, StuH frontal armour is reasonably good, being mostly 80 mm with several weakspots of 30 mm thickness, and good mobility of Panzer III chassis now becomes even more useful.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


The armour of StuH 42 G is semi-reliable. It has a very strong frontal armour of 80 mm RHA, but there are quite visible angled plates of only 30 mm thickness, which only become more vulnerable when fighting tall tanks. The cupola is 50 mm thick and will generally deflect stray shots. Generally, at 600 m range while being on a high ground or slightly angled upwards, StuH can mostly ignore tanks firing at the front. It is important to avoid angling the hull downwards, as this makes weakspots to be penetrable even with autocannons.

Technically, the frontal weakspots can be made stronger with "add-on armour" in form of tracks, but at point blank range this won't be much of help.

The greatest vulnerability of StuH 42 G is its roof, which is only 11 mm thick. While most tanks only have 9 mm of penetration with their HE shells, pretty much any enemy with a big gun can breach the roof by hitting the cupola, with SPGs also often being able to overpressure even the angled frontal plates.

The sides protection is overall terrible and even reserve tanks can take out this SPG by flanking it, so it is of utmost importance to control the entirety of the space enemy tanks can fire from. But, the sides do have the side skirts, which will stop HESH and might derail HEAT.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear (Slope angle) !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 30 mm (86°), 80 mm (50°) ''Front glacis'' 80 mm (19°) ''Lower glacis'' || 30 + 5 mm || 30 mm (77°) ''Tlop'' 50 mm (15-42°) ''Middle'' 50 mm ''Bottom'' || 16 mm
|-
| Superstructure || 80 mm (10-11°), 30 mm (50-69°) || 30 (9°) + 5 mm ''Left'' 30 (11°) + 5 mm ''Right'' || 30 mm || 11 mm
|-
| Cupola || 50 mm || 50 mm || 50 mm || 11 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick while tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Sides of the tank are covered by additional 5 mm thick armour plates, protecting the tank against HEAT and HE shells, as well as reducing damage from nearby explosions.
* Some areas of the front armour are still only 30 mm thick. With a bit of luck they can be penetrated even by much weaker guns
* Belly armour is 30 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=426|rbMinHp=265|AoAweight=0.45}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|StuH42 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[StuH42 (105 mm)|105 mm StuH42]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 36 || rowspan="2" | -6°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±10° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 10.6 || 14.6 || 17.8 || 19.6 || 20.9 || rowspan="2" | 13.00 || rowspan="2" | 11.50 || rowspan="2" | 10.60 || rowspan="2" | 10.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 7.1 || 8.4 || 10.2 || 11.3 || 12.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''PzGr''', Armour Piercing High Explosive round - It has awesome post-penetration damage but penetrates armour poorly making it, difficult to use against the front armour of most enemies. It has about the same velocity as chemical shells, so it's not useful as a backup sniper shell; instead it is very good to finish off enemies from the side.
* '''F.H.Gr.''' - Can be used to great effect by skilled players (particularly in AB), as it can penetrate almost any roof at the BR, but it doesn't have enough explosive mass to obliterate tanks by hitting them virtually anywhere, unlike with heavier rounds of the KV-2, SU-122 or the Sturmpanzer II. It is also quite difficult to hit Soviet and American tanks into their weakspots with this shell.
* '''Gr.39 rot Hl/B''', High-Explosive Anti-Tank round - This one should be just skipped, it has no advantage over the better HI.Gr.38C.
* '''Gr.39 rot Hl/C''', High Explosive Anti-Tank round - For beginners HEAT is a good option as it wont struggle to penetrate most tanks and will destroy the lightly-armoured and open-topped foes with overpressure and easily detonate ammo racks of the rest. They are usually effective at any range, as long as they land on enemy tanks.
* '''F.H.Gr.Nb''', Smoke round - Useful to blind a sight line that you want to cross or cover an escape.

Many players will ask themselves which round to main, for newer players, considering the inaccuracy of the stock gun, HEAT is a good choice as it will penetrate most armour and is easy to use.

In order to maximize survivability, bring in only 25 shells, as otherwise almost any penetration on the right side becomes fatal. About 12 HEAT, 5 APHE and two smoke rounds is a good idea for general melee combat, while 23 HE and 2 HEAT (for enemy heavy howitzers) can be loaded when all accuracy upgrades were researched and the safety of the flanks is guaranteed.

{{:StuH42 (105 mm)/Ammunition|PzGr, F.H.Gr., Gr.39 rot Hl/B, Gr.39 rot Hl/C, F.H.Gr.Nb.}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! Ammo part
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
!4th
rack empty
! Visual
 discrepancy
|-
| '''36''' || ''Projectiles'' ''Propellants'' || 29 (+''7)'' 31 ''(+5)'' || 20 ''(+16)'' 25 ''(+11)'' || 13 ''(+23)'' 13 ''(+23)''
|1 (+35)
1 (+35)
| No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* The {{PAGENAME}} uses two-piece ammunition, composed of projectiles (yellow) and propellant bags (orange). Both have separate racks.
* Racks disappear after you've fired all shells in the rack.
* Left side empty: 20 ''(+16)'' shells.

== Usage in battles ==

The StuH 42 G boasts a front armour which, if used correctly, can become impenetrable to most enemies it encounters at its battle rating. With the Add-on armour modification, the StuH's armour is brought up to a minimum of ~40 mm and maximum of ~90 mm RHA with quite good angles, when this armour is supplemented with medium range or slight angling, only SPG and several medium tanks will manage to crack through its defences without using HE. The Sturmhaubitze 42 performs best in urban or spaced hills environment, where the poor gun depression and low shell velocity won't matter as much and it can just terminate any tank trying to get past or attempting to fight it.

The StuH can also do very well at close range as a "Heavies Killer" as its strong frontal armour will protect it against the guns carried by heavy tanks around this BR and the HEAT round will defeat even thicker armour, making the StuH a real headache to Matilda, Churchill and KV-1 tankers. Another strategy for close-quarters engagements is to wiggle the tank from side to side while engaged in a 1-vs-1 frontal battle. This will make it more difficult for stationary enemies to hit any weak spots on the front plate as they cannot get an accurate shot off.

A very important thing to keep in mind is to never expose the StuH's weak sides to the enemy as they are only 35 mm thick (with the side skirts), so even the weakest guns and SPAAG autocannons can take you out from the side. Therefore, avoid crossing a long sightline as any enemy covering it will easily destroy the StuH 42 G with a well aimed shot at the side. Against multiple tanks, with thoroughly planned out positioning it becomes possible to fire over cover by using a rangefinder or AB aim assist to avoid being shot by 3 tanks from multiple directions at once, particularly if they also have SPG on their side.

When facing a tank from the side, especially if you don't know the tank layouts, it is recommended to aim for the engine first (particularly if HEAT is loaded) this way the enemy won't be able to flank you or escape. After that, retreat into cover and load APHE and fire in the side to destroy the enemy with the massive explosive filler (or just use HE, if you know how to aim it).

When facing a tank from the front use HEAT to disable their driver and/or gunner and/or transmission then aim for ammo or other crew members.

Where to shoot common foes:

* M4 Sherman - Aim for the driver first then shoot in the one of the upper corners off the front plate as that is where ammo is stored.
* T-34 - Aim for the left middle (right from your perspective) part of the front plate that will disable the gunner and driver leaving the tank completely debilitated, then shoot the other side of the UFP to disable the other two crews (a round in the middle of the UFP will often knock out the T-34 with a single shot, but that depends on crew vitality).
* KV-1 - If it doesn't angle you can penetrate the front. Aim for the left side to knock out the driver then the turret cheeks are good ways of disabling turret crew.

;Enemies worth noting:

* M4A3 (105) and SU-122 - Those two foes are quite similar to each other and to the StuH in multiple regards. They both have heavy calibre howitzers, firing high penetrating HEAT rounds (130 mm and 160 mm respectively) that will rip through your armour with ease. They are also extremely likely to carry an enormous amount of high-power HE, which can simply obliterate StuH. Secondly they are not open-topped and cannot be merely counter-shot, both boast above average frontal armour, but weak sides. However the StuH can easily penetrate their armour with HEAT, thus when facing them the winner is usually whoever gets the first shot with correct ammo off. It is worth mentioning that sometimes in RB the StuH can use its side skirts against those foes - by angling heavily StuH will expose the sides which will tempt most of HEAT users to take a shot at them, but the skirts will set off the sensitive HEAT fuse prematurely thus causing a non-penetration once the HEAT jet reaches the actual armour, leaving the StuH a 15-second window to shoot them. This will never work against dedicated HE users, and it is even less likely to work in AB, as the enemy will see gray crosshair upon aiming at sideskirts if they can't penetrate them.
* Very mobile tanks e.g. M22, M3 and M5 Stuart, Crusaders, Cromwell's, etc - Those can flank the StuH with ease and destroy it. Your best bet with those is to detect them as early as possible and expose your front armour, that is either invulnerable to their guns or will delay the fatal shot for a split second, so you can fire first.
* Soviet tanks - Despite the high variety of firepower at the BR, their shells generally deal with angles exceptionally well, thus a shot to even heavily angled 30 mm plates above the driver's hatch will often penetrate. Luckily the Add-on Armour modification adds 20 mm of track armour (adds 10-15 mm RHA depending on angle of attack and what they use), making this kind of penetration much rarer. Most of them will also resist HE, so it is safer to just load HEAT at first.
* Achilles, Archer and M10 GMC, other kinetic SPG - The former two boast the infamous British 17-pounder 76 mm gun which will rip through your armour in all places. The latter is equipped with the American M7 76 mm cannon, while having less penetration this gun won't penetrate you everywhere but it still can at a lot of angles, and has some HE filler, making the penetration fatal. They all can easily be crushed by firing HEAT or HE at them - regardless of where you hit them, they will implode, even if you hit their tracks.

'''Counter tactics''':

Technically, if your gun supports HE shells and they can penetrate more than 12 mm of RHA, then you can just fire it at its cupola and the fearsome tank destroyer will explode. This is easier said than done when the said SPG is looking at you and awaits for your move, particularly in AB, so try to blindside it. In AB, if you are using any SPG which has shells of muzzle velocity below 475 m/s, you can simply use aim prediction to attack it like a mortar out of cover without exposing the hull (by aiming white crosshair at it or simply setting the gun zero to the enemy position), which will allow you to either destroy them without being put in danger, or at the very least concern the enemy and make them move away.

If your gun is too weak to deal with the StuH's front or roof armour (which most are), and the StuH is unaware of your presence, it is best to wait for it to expose its side, then take a shot at the rear part, in order to knock out the engine - preventing them from swinging their hull around and positioning their thick front armour and fearsome 105 mm howitzer. Then it is just a matter of finishing it off: from the left side simply fire at the front/middle section, to decimate the three crew members there, thus destroying the StuH.

From the right (after disabling the engine), try to shoot the very front upper section, hitting the frontal ammo rack and very likely detonating it.

If a head-on encounter is inevitable, aim for the driver's port, a penetration there will knock out 3 out of 4 crew members - instant destruction. However, few guns can penetrate a well prepared StuH, especially on a sniper position, so a head-on encounter should be avoided at all costs.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* HE can penetrate nearly any roof at the rank (extremely deadly in AB)
* Good at destroying heavy tanks (which often cause a lot of trouble to weaker allies) due to having a reasonably strong HEAT shell
* Frontal armour can render a lot of weapons useless
* Good mobility, especially for a tank with such armour
* With all upgrades, can quickly turn around, very useful for a turretless tank
* Side skirts can be used to protect against HEAT/HESH projectiles, very useful when attacked by a plane with rockets

'''Cons:'''

* Very weak sides make it vulnerable to flanking, lack of a turret means reacting to flanking enemies after the fact is impossible
* Cupola and machine gun shield on superstructure roof are weak points that can be targeted with HE to penetrate through the 11 mm roof top
* 105 mm howitzer performance is lacking compared to [[StuK 40 (75 mm)|75 mm StuK 40]] in penetration and muzzle velocity (less than 500 m/s)
* HEAT post-penetration damage is lacking compared to APHE, and HE is difficult to aim in RB
* Low reload speed, maximum of 13 seconds. If the loader dies, the vehicle's reload rate decreases dramatically and the StuH becomes rather useless in close range combat
* Low gun depression of -6° makes it incapable of angling on a high hill, at close range must partially or completely expose itself to fire
* Low stock accuracy (even at close range) makes weak spot targeting harder
* Huge ammo rack on the right side of the tank (and loader behind it); even with just 25 shells carried, the charges still remain there.
* Very bad at protecting itself if loader is knocked out or if cannon is damaged

== History ==

===Development===
[[File:StuG III Production (Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1985-100-33).jpg|right|x300px|thumb|none|The Alkett factory producing both StuG III (right) and StuH 42 (left).]]
The role of a self-propelled gun came from combat experiences in World War I. During the German offensives on the Allied front, infantry lacked artillery support against fortifications in places out-ranged by their heavy artillery behind the lines. A need for a mobile artillery piece was necessary to keep up with the German infantry and fight enemy fortifications with a direct-fire assault role. The father of this concept was German General Erich von Manstein and was coined as the ''Sturmartillerie'' (assault artillery), and these units were to be embedded in infantry divisions.

The result of this concept was a vehicle known as the [[StuG III A|StuG III]], a vehicle built on the Panzer III chassis that fits the role of a support vehicle in the artillery branch. It was meant to give close support to advancing infantry against fortifications or other lightly armoured oppositions. As such, it was initially armed with a 75 mm StuK 37 L/24 howitzer. However, as World War II progressed, the appearance of newer and better tanks such as the [[T-34 (1941)|T-34]] and the [[KV-1 (L-11)|KV-1]] tanks forced the Germans to upgun their existing StuG IIIs in order to be able to combat these tanks. This resulted in the StuG III design being armed with a 75 mm StuK 40 L/43 and L/48 cannon in the [[StuG III F|StuG III Ausf. F]] and [[StuG III G|Ausf. G]] respectively, turning the design into something of a tank destroyer.

===StuH 42 Ausf. G===
The StuG III designs are now bona fide tank destroyer, but an infantry support role was still needed from these assault gun to support the advancing infantry. In 1942, some StuG III Ausf. F were equipped with the 105 mm leFH 18 howizter rather than the usual 75 mm cannons. This variant was designated the '''StuH 42''' (''Sturmhaubitze 42'', or "assault howitzer") and was meant to support the infantry with heavier artillery power than the 75 mm could provide. The StuH 42 was made from the StuG III Ausf. G chassis (though the first 12 were built on refurbished StuG Fs). About 1,300 of these StuH 42 were built between March 1943 to 1945.

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
A modified version of the StuG self-propelled assault mount adapted to strike undefended targets, including those beyond direct firing range. The first models of the vehicle armed with 105 mm howitzers were assembled in October, 1942, and on November 22 they were used in combat by the 185th Assault Artillery Division.

The first vehicles were based on the StuG.III Ausf.F8. However, all other vehicles were assembled on the basis of the StuG.40 Ausf.G, whose chassis was a better fit for the 105 mm howitzer. The vehicles with this modification were built at Alkett's factories right up until April, 1945.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_stuh_III_ausf_G Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|YZeFerI9YiI|'''Unforgotten: StuH 42''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[StuG III (Family)]]

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Germany tank destroyers}}

User:U136146036

2024-07-12T01:43:19Z

U136146036: Blanked the page

Leopard 2 PL

2024-07-08T02:38:29Z

U136146036: /* Survivability and armour */ Determined that the 2A4's turret was not absolutely impenetrable even compared to rounds found at its own BR, also due to the additions of the Object 292 and the 120S.

{{About
| about = German medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Leopard 2 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_leopard_2pl
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''Leopard 2PL''' is a Polish heavy modification of the [[Leopard 2A4]], which is the fifth variant of the [[Leopard 2 (Family)|Leopard 2 main battle tank family]]. Poland initially received the Leopard 2A4 in the 2000s after purchasing it from Germany. Modernization is underway in collaboration with Rheinmetall and the Polish Armaments Group. The need for modernization became apparent as soon as the Polish Army received the first Leopard 2A4 tanks from the German Army (Bundeswehr) in 2002; nevertheless, the initial efforts to create its plan and scope did not begin until mid-2012. Leopard 2PL incorporated several significant upgrades. The fundamental upgrades involved the installation of an electric turret drive and gun stabilization (rather than a hydraulic one), the installation of an auxiliary power unit (APU), the installation of new thermal imaging equipment, the modernization of the driver's seat, and the installation of a new anti-explosion system, fire and mine protection package. A BMS combat management system, remote-controlled weapon stations on the tank's turret, new types of ammunition, air conditioning systems in the driver and combat compartment, and modernization of the electronics cooling system were also installed. The most notable difference is the increased ballistic resistance of the turret, which exceeds that of the [[Leopard 2A5|Leopard 2A5 variant]]. Around the vehicle turret, additional external composite armour modules are added. However, it was not decided to reinforce the hull and vehicle chassis since this would result in a large increase in vehicle weight and budget limitations as well. Inside the vehicle, special anti-splinter liners have been placed to shield the crew in case of successful enemy ammunition penetration.

Introduced in [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]] as a squadron vehicle, the Leopard 2PL is a significantly modified Leopard 2A4, much like the [[C2A1|Leopard C2A1 MEXAS]] ideology. The major purpose of the modernisation is to keep the Polish Army Leopard 2A4 up to date with modern combat environments and improve tank protection due to more advanced tank ammunition developed by various nations across the world. The addition of a commander's independent sight provides the tank commander with an independent sight outfitted with thermal imaging equipment, introducing hunter-killer capabilities. Overall, it feels remarkably comparable to the regular Leopard 2A4, with the exception that mobility is substantially decreased due to the additional exterior composite armour modules fitted around the vehicle turret, which resulted in increased weight.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}
The Leopard 2PL features the strongest turret for the Leopard 2 series in game so far due to the turret armor package, negating some of the issues of the original 2A4. Unlike the [[Strv 122A]] and the [[Strv 122B PLSS]] however, it still retains the mediocre hull armor of the Leopard 2 and Improved series, being unable to stop most shells at its BR. Unlike the Leopard 2 Improved however, the 2PL does not have a redesigned turret face, meaning that it retains the same turret weakspots as the Leopard 2A4, such as the Gunner Primary Sight and the gun mantlet. However, unlike the 2A4, due to the additional composite screen, the gun mantlet is no longer an issue against chemical projectiles such as 3BK18M, but is still penetrable by most APFSDS found at this BR.

The 2PL is also able to withstand more than one hit from CL3143, DM53 and 9M119 to the turret face. As opposed to Leopard 2 Improved models (2A5, 2A6, 122), which can typically only withstand a high powered shell to the turret since the additional composite wedge is likely to have been blown off. This changes with the 2PL. Due to the additional armor package being modeled as a permanent part of the tank, the turret face is able to withstand multiple hits from 9M119 and CL3143 and DM53 at any ranges. Moving to turret's add-on side armour, it is able to withstand hits from chemical penetrators up to 400mms, gradually increasing as we move towards the turret front, where a additional wedge from the Leopard 2 Improved can be found mounted on top of the add-on armor over the gunner's position and cannon breech, resulting in around 1500mms of protection against chemical projectiles and 1000mms of protection against kinetic penetrators in some areas, even being able to negate some top tier APFSDS such as 3BM60.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || {{Annotation|Composite Armour|35 mm High hardness rolled armour + 520 mm External composite armour with NERA elements + 45 mm Rolled homogeneous armour}} ''Upper Glacis'' 35 mm (53°) || 20 mm ''Top'' 35 mm ''Bottom'' || 20 mm || 20 - 35 mm
|-
| Turret || 35 mm ''Turret front'' 35 mm ''Gun mantlet'' Variable thickness add-on armour || 15 - 35 mm 300 mm Composite Screen Variable thickness add-on armour || 25 mm || 20 mm
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Composite armour !! Front !! Sides
|-
| Hull || '''''Upper+Lower glacis''''' 400 mm ''Kinetic'' 600 mm ''Chemical''|| N/A
|-
|Turret || '''''Turret cheeks''''' 1010 mm ''Kinetic'' 1,520 mm ''Chemical'' '''''Gun mantlet (Center)''''' 478 - 615 mm ''Kinetic'' 730- 1,400 mm ''Chemical'' '''''Gun mantlet (Outer)''''' 524 - 915 mm ''Kinetic'' 535 - 1,520 mm ''Chemical'' || '''''Side armour''''' 260 mm ''Kinetic'' 230 - 600 mm ''Chemical''
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Upper hull and Lower rear hull overlap (10 + 20 mm thick)
* Upper mantlet add-on and Mantlet armour overlap (30 + 400 mm thick)
* Holes in the engine deck are covered by 8 mm of mesh

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


The Leopard 2PL features identical mobility to the rest of the Leopard 2 series (with exception to Leopard 2 prototypes).

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=2,032|rbMinHp=1,327}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}


The Leopard 2PL is fitted with the powerful Rh120 L/44 120 mm, a gun that has been utilized since the Leopard 2K. DM33 features the same ballistics of those found on the 2A5 and is similar to the 2A6. However, the 2PL is also equipped with the nonexistent DM43, being able to penetrate only up to 530mms of armor as opposed to the DM53 round found on the 2A5/6, which is able to penetrate over 600mms of rolled homogenous armor.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Rh120 L/44 (120 mm)|120 mm Rh120 L/44]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 42 || rowspan="2" | -9°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 38.1 || 52.7 || 64.0 || 70.8 || 75.3 || rowspan="2" | 7.80 || rowspan="2" | 6.90 || rowspan="2" | 6.36 || rowspan="2" | 6.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 23.8 || 28.0 || 34.0 || 37.6 || 40.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The 2PL has access to all the ammunition seen in the Leopard 2 Improved series except DM53. It also has access to a unique time fused HE not found on other Leopard series.

'''DM12A1; HEATFS''' - The DM12A1 is the first round the 2PL has access to, and is considered a mediocre round, as it's unable to reliably penetrate certain tanks equipped with ERA at its BR. However, it is quite useful when used against lightly armoured vehicles such as IFVs or SPAAs. As a hollow charge, it is prone to detonating mid air due to trees, bushes and fences.

'''DM33 & DM43; APFSDS''' - The 2PL has access to 2 types of APFSDS: DM33 and DM43, both of which perform similarly against tanks at its BR, since most tanks don't have exactly 55mms more frontal armor that can be penetrated by the latter but not the former.

'''DM11; HE''' - DM11 is a new HE-TF shell found on the Rheinmetall L/44. Which can be deadly to low flying helicopters in certain situations due to the timed fuse.

{{:Rh120 L/44 (120 mm)/Ammunition|DM12A1, DM11, DM33, DM43}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''42''' || 16 ''(+26)'' || 1 ''(+41)'' || No
|}
Notes:

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been loaded.
* Rack 2 is a first stage ammo rack. It totals 15 shells and gets filled first when loading up the tank.
* This rack is also emptied early: the rack depletion order at full capacity is 2 - 1.
* If you pack 16 ''(+26)'' shells, it will keep the frontal hull rack empty.
* Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from rack 1 into rack 2. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready racks.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm MG3A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 4,500 (1,000) || 1,200 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Pintle || 2,000 (1,000) || 1,200 || -8°/+20° || ±120°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The 2PL playstyle is identical to the 2A4 and subsequent German MBTs. However, the 2PL may be able to utilize hull down tactics more effectively due to the additional turret armor. In terms of armament, the 2PL has the powerful Rh120 L/44 which German tankers are already familiar with.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

*[[M1 Abrams (Family)|M1 Abrams]]: Good turret protection, but dead in the water if you fire anything at the UFP.
*[[Strv 121]]: Hull and turret face can be penetrated by DM33.
*[[Strv 122A]]/[[Strv 122B PLSS]]: Hull front impenetrable by DM33 unless MEXAS armour package is destroyed. Turret can be penetrated if additional composite screens are blown off
*[[Leclerc]]/[[Leclerc S2]]: Avoid aiming at the commander side of the turret even with DM43 APFSDS.
*[[Challenger 2]]: LFP, breech, and driver's port.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good turret armour
* Effective gun
* Better APFSDS shell (DM43) than other Leopard 2A4s
* Excellent mobility
* Has access to 3rd generation thermals for both the gunner and commander

'''Cons:'''

* Same turret weaknesses as the 2A4, minus the gun mantlet specifically against chemical penetrators.
* Unreliable hull armour
* The Leopard 2A4's typical gunner-sight optic is still present
* DM43 APFSDS shell is lacking penetration for the battle rating

== History ==

=== [[wt:en/news/7071-development-squadron-vehicles-leopard-2pl-polish-cavalry-en|Devblog]] ===
The Leopard 2PL is an ongoing joint project for the modernization of the Leopard 2A4 tanks in service with the Polish army, currently being carried out by the German company Rheinmetall AG and the Polish state-owned Polska Grupa Zbrojeniowa. The aim of the program is to improve the combat efficiency of the elderly Leopards to 3rd generation plus level main battle tanks.

The main areas of modernization are improving the tank's protection and firepower. The Leopard 2PL has additional modular turret armour (forehead and sides), enhanced protection of the gun mantlet. On the turret's rear, massive boxes appeared, which under some circumstances can work as spaced armour for protection against HEAT shells. The L44 cannon remains the same, but the upgraded fire control system has modern thermal imaging equipment and is adapted for firing more powerful rounds. Since the power plant and chassis of the Leopard 2A4 remained unchanged, the additional protection of the hull had to be abandoned, as the weight of the tank approached 60 tons. In total, 128 Leopard 2A4's in service are to be upgraded under the Leopard 2PL program.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_leopard_2pl Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:Leopard 2 PL WTWallpaper 01.jpg
File:Leopard 2 PL WTWallpaper 02.jpg
File:Leopard 2 PL WTWallpaper 03.jpg
File:Leopard 2 PL WTWallpaper 04.jpg
File:Leopard 2 PL WTWallpaper 05.jpg
File:Leopard 2 PL WTWallpaper 06.jpg
</gallery>

== See also ==


;[[Leopard 2 (Family)|Related development]]

* [[Leopard 2A4]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7071-development-squadron-vehicles-leopard-2pl-polish-cavalry-en|[Development] Squadron vehicles: Leopard 2PL: Polish cavalry]]
* [https://www.defence24.com/leopard-2pl-programme-showcased-modernization-package-for-the-polish-main-battle-tanks [Defence24<nowiki>.com]</nowiki> Leopard 2PL Programme Showcased. Modernization Package For The Polish Main Battle Tanks.]

{{Germany medium tanks}}
{{Squadron ground vehicles}}

Leopard 1A5

2024-07-08T00:11:43Z

U136146036: Additional information regarding the protection of the entrenching device

{{About
| about = German medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Leopard 1 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_leopard_1a5
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png|ArtImage2_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''Leopard 1A5''' is the sixth variant of the [[Leopard 1 (Family)|Leopard 1 main battle tank family]]. In 1980, a research program was launched to explore further enhancements to the design, including a fully modern firing control system and a fully functional night/bad-weather vision system. It was decided that the upgrades would be based on prior variants that were no longer effective. The Leopard 1A5 variant that resulted was based on 1,225 units of the [[Leopard A1A1|Leopard 1A1A1 subvariant]]. The turrets were redesigned again for the Leopard 1A5 variant, both to accommodate all of the new equipment and to relocate more ammunition to the rear of the turret, rather than placing all the ammunition to the left side of the driver, where it had previously been located. The redesigned turret could install the newer 120 mm Rheinmetall L/44 tank gun from the Leopard 2 if desired, however, this option was never utilised. Following trials, the Krupp-Atlas Elektronik EMES 18 fire control system, which evolved from the EMES 15 used on the Leopard 2 main battle tank family, was selected in December 1983. The EMES 18 has two new sights on the top of the turret that did not require the "bumps" those previous optical systems had. The Leopard 1A5 variant could be equipped with bolt-on polycarbonate (Lexan) armour plates, which improved the armour's effectiveness.

Introduced in [[Update "New Power"]], the Leopard 1A5 is the Leopard 1 main battle tank family's final production variant. It is the ultimate variant of the Leopard 1 main battle tank family, and it incorporates some of the most advanced cutting-edge technologies, many of which are from the new [[Leopard 2 (Family)|Leopard 2 main battle tank family]]. With a laser rangefinder and thermal imaging equipment, it improves the Leopard 1A5's lethality, allowing players to see adversaries first and deliver precise shots. Despite the initial plan to upgrade to the 120 mm Rheinmetall L/44 tank gun, this was not carried out since the Leopard 2s is already in production and offers many more advantages. Nonetheless, the Leopard 1A5 remained the standard armoured force of many countries across the world, and it received various minor upgrades to keep it up to date with modern battlefield requirements.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The Leopard 1A5, being a further development of the [[Leopard A1A1]], does not differ much from its predecessor in terms of armour. The Leopard 1A5 prioritizes firepower and mobility over the survivability of the tank.

The armour in the frontal arc is reliable against many of the autocannons found on IFVs at the rank, but occasional rounds can penetrate the turret ring and lower front plate. Side armour can be penetrated by autocannon fire, thus it is vital to keep the front of the armour towards the enemy. An optional entrenching device can be mounted to the lower hull and is capable of negating the effects of a certain IFV's 30mm autocannon fire, although increasing the mass of the Leopard.

Chemical and kinetic rounds from main battle tanks and other vehicles should have no problem to penetrate Leopards armour when they hit centre mass.

Looking at the Leopard from the front, 3 out of 4 crew members sit in almost straight line on the left side of the tank, thus potentially allowing it to get knocked out by a well-placed shot. On top of that, Leopard's biggest ammo rack is located on the right side of the hull, protected only by a 70 mm thin frontal plate angled at 57°. Thus Leopard's hull presents a highly rewarding target and players must avoid getting shot in the hull at all costs.

On the other hand, Leopard's height is just slightly taller than [[T-72 (Family)|T-72]] by a few centimetres, and the gun can be depressed to -9°, allowing Leopard 1A5 to fight well on uneven terrain.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 70 mm (60°) ''Upper Glacis'' 50 mm (50°) ''Lower Glacis'' || 35 mm ''Upper'' 30 mm ''Lower'' || 25 mm || 15-30 mm
|-
| Turret || 45-120 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 40-43 mm ''Right Side'' 37-45 mm ''Left Side'' || 33-52 mm || 21-65 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels, tracks, and torsion bars are 20 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 35 mm thick in the front half and 10 mm in the rear half.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,286|rbMinHp=734}}

The Leopard 1A5 shares almost the same mobility as its predecessor, with only negligible loss of HP per ton. Excellent agility, above average speed and great suspension allow players to reach favourable positions and relocate quickly in case of emergency.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Players focus should be on firepower upgrades. After Parts and FPE, one should go for the DM23 round, as most tanks at this rank have either composite armour, ERA or both, making stock HEAT rounds very ineffective. After that, players' focus should be on getting thermals, which help tremendously with acquiring targets and it is impossible to fight at night without them. Lastly, players should go for DM33 and laser rangefinder. Those make the Leopard 1A5 a powerful sniper and level its fighting chance against most opponents.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|L7A3 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L7A3 (105 mm)|105 mm L7A3]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 60 || rowspan="2" | -9°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 22.8 || 31.6 || 38.4 || 42.5 || 45.2 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.3 || 16.8 || 20.4 || 22.6 || 24.0
|-
|}

The Leopard 1A5 mounts a late-generation fully stabilised L7 cannon, which is pretty standard at this rank. It also has access to standard ammunition selection, though one thing to note is that it has the option to equip lethal DM33 rounds, which are the third best NATO rounds available for 105 mm guns (after M900 and DM63).

==== Ammunition ====

* '''DM12 HEATFS''' - Stock round. The HEAT round does not lose penetration with distance travelled. Unlike kinetic penetrators, it has one downside: given that it is a chemical round, its fuse is highly sensitive. With the emergence of composite and reactive armour, it quickly becomes obsolete in the anti-tank role. Requires careful aiming to properly damage newer tanks, though it can hold its own while fighting older tanks, lighter vehicles and low-flying helicopters.
* '''DM512 HESH''' - This round was always plagued by a plethora of problems: low velocity, low penetration, inconsistent mechanics and sensitive fuse make this round gimmicky at best. That being said, with the overpressure mechanic, this round can be used in CQB against light vehicles with devastating effect.
* '''DM23 APFSDS''' - Available as a tier I modification, this round allows player to engage modern tanks more reliably, since it performs better against composite and reactive armour. Penetration is relatively below average when compared to rounds available to the Leopard 1A5's contemporaries, it should be used as a stop gap solution until the next round becomes available.
* '''DM33 APFSDS''' - Best round available to the Leopard 1A5 and third best NATO round available for 105 mm cannons. It allows player to engage most enemies at the Leopard 1A5's BR at any range reliably. With careful aiming, even higher BR vehicles are not safe. Player should be of note that this round can easily over penetrate light vehicles such as BMP-2 or SPAAGs, so aiming at vital components is preferred in order to create shrapnel necessary to destroy them.

{{:L7A3 (105 mm)/Ammunition|DM12, DM512, DM23, DM33}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_Leopard_I.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the [[Leopard I]] (identical)]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''60''' || 57 ''(+3)'' || 54 ''(+6)'' || 15 ''(+45)'' || 12 ''(+48)'' || 1 ''(+59)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|MG3A1 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm MG3A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 5,000 (200) || 1,200 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Pintle || 2,000 (200) || 1,200 || -8°/+20° || ±120°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The Leopard 1A5 is a natural evolution of the [[Leopard A1A1]]'s playstyle, and performs similarly to the [[Leopard A1A1 (L/44)]].

'''Tactics:'''

With addition of laser range finder, more powerful round and thermal gunner optics, the Leopard 1A5 can become a very potent sniper on open maps. Players should exploit the Leopard's mobility, low profile and handy gun depression to reach favourable hull down positions and start picking off targets. Entrenched sniping the Leopard 1A5 becomes a nightmare for enemy tanks trying to cross its sight line, as this playstyle allows players to negate their biggest weakness: the lack of armour.

The Leopards can flank well, but as thermal sights and laser range finders are becoming more common at the Leopard 1A5's BR, one must adapt certain flanking tactics:

* First, players shouldn't move across an open field without cover unless they know for certain that there is no one watching or unless absolutely necessary.
* Second, players should utilize terrain as much as they can - after all, a thermal imager is just a filter for a camera, and can't highlight the thermal signature of something that can't be seen in the first place. Move below the horizon, try to put as much heavy foliage as you can between you and the suspected position of enemy tanks.
* Third, do not be afraid to stop when approaching suspected enemy positions, turn off your engine and listen. This allows you to detect enemy flankers in close proximity before they enter your field of vision, thus allowing you to avoid getting ambushed.

Sadly, while the Leopard 1A5 performs great at longer ranges, its performance is below average on CQC maps with corridors and streets that do not allow to exploit the Leopard's mobility, like those found on Advance to Rhine. Due to lack of armour, IFVs with high rate of fire autocannons and more armoured tanks in general outperform Leopards by wide margin in these environments. A lone Leopard is expected to lose in most scenarios, thus players should focus on supporting their allies. Let them take a shot, and as soon as you see the enemy tank return fire, lunge forward and send the enemy back to the garage.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Has access to the powerful DM33 round
* Has access to generation 1 gunner thermals
* Excellent mobility

'''Cons:'''

* Armour doesn't offer much protection
* Low survivability when hit
* Weak armour overall

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_leopard_1a5 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Leopard 1 (Family)]]

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{TankManufacturer KMW}}
{{Germany medium tanks}}

Leopard 2AV

2024-07-08T00:03:57Z

U136146036: Minor changes to parts within the page

{{About
| about = German medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Leopard 2 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_leopard_2av
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=id50190_leopard_2av_germany
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} German medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Danger Zone"]] as a reward for the [[wt:en/news/7796-event-summer-quest-en|2022 Summer Quest event]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The armour is capable of defeating M735 and most early HEATFS rounds when hitting the composite armour arrays, but the lower plate is very weak due to the layout of the composite armour. There is a fuel tank sandwiched between the composite armour which will usually lead to a fuel fire or even fuel detonation when hit. It is recommended to play hull down if you don't have FPE as the hull protection is very unreliable. The turret cheeks are near-invulnerable to all but the strongest rounds. However as with all MBTs, the gun mantlet is quite weak, resulting in a rather large weak spot when playing hull-down.

'''Armour type:'''


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 340 - 360 mm || 50 mm ''Top'' 20 mm ''Bottom'' || 20 mm || 20 - 45 mm
|-
| Turret || 320 - 415mm ''Turret front'' 250~ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 160 mm (KE) - 260 mm (CE) || 28 - 59 mm || 20 - 40 mm
|-
| Cupola || 80 mm || 80 mm || 80 mm || 18 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


The Leopard 2AV has effectively the same powerpack as its successors; a 1,500 hp MTU MB 873 Ka-501engine allows this Leopard to quickly manoeuvre the map. Although, the Leopard 2AV is slightly heavier than the Leopard 2A4 and significantly heavier than the Leopard 2K, resulting in a loss of 1.2 hp/t against the 2A4 and 4.0 hp/t against the 2K.

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=2,032|rbMinHp=1,327}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}
Start with Parts and FPE, then it is preferred to go for DM23, as the stock 105mm HEATFS is inadequate for this BR.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}

=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|L7A3 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L7A3 (105 mm)|105 mm L7A3]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 40 || rowspan="2" | -9°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 38.1 || 52.7 || 64.0 || 70.8 || 75.3 || rowspan="2" | 7.80 || rowspan="2" | 6.90 || rowspan="2" | 6.36 || rowspan="2" | 6.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 23.8 || 28.0 || 34.0 || 37.6 || 40.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:L7A3 (105 mm)/Ammunition|DM12, DM512, DM23, DM33}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''40''' || 13 ''(+27)'' || 1 ''(+39)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* Rack 2 is a first stage ammo rack located within a blow-out containment
* It totals 12 shells and gets filled first when loading up the tank and emptied first when firing.
* If you pack 13 ''(+27)'' shells, it will keep the hull empty of ammo.
* Full reload speed will be realized as long as shells are available in the ready rack 2. If the ready rack is empty, a penalty to reload speed will occur.
* Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from rack 1 into rack 2. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready rack.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|MG3A1 (7.62 mm)}}
There are 2 x 7.62 machine guns on the turret and 1 coaxial 7.62 machine gun. They are useful to shoot at low-flying jets and helicopters and can occasionally penetrate some lightly-armoured vehicles.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm MG3A1]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle (loader) || 2,000 (200) || 1,200 || -10°/+75° || ±180°
|-
| Pintle (commander) || 2,000 (200) || 1,200 || -10°/+75° || ±45°
|-
| Coaxial || 4,600 (200) || 1,200 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Turret front is almost impervious to chemical projectiles, with exceptions to stronger ATGMs commonly found at this BR
* Blowout panels for the turret bustle, greatly improving survivability
* 16 smoke grenades firing 2 at a time, for 8 pops in total
* Three machine guns with focused fire allows this tank to dispatch slower ATGMs
* High mobility compared to its contemporaries
* Most fuel tanks are external

'''Cons:'''

* DM33 (105) at its BR may feel underwhelming
* No thermals at rank VI
* Turret bustle carries less ammo than other production Leopard 2 variants at 12 shells instead of 15, carrying more will result in detonation of the tank if the secondary ammo stowage is hit.
* Additional armor plate behind the frontal fuel tank may produce spall if penetrated.
* Hull armor is inadequate for its BR

== History ==


The Leopard 2AV is a prototype tank design submitted to the US Army competition where it competed against the XM-1, predecessor of the Abrams MBT, at the Aberdeen Proving Ground. The tank is a further development of the Leopard 2K project. American Army specialists involved in the project advised to increase the tank's protection, which by the beginning of the 70s was inadequate to meet modern challenges. In 1977, a version of the Leopard 2K with a modified hull and turret was submitted for testing in the United States under the designation Leopard 2AV. The prototype went overseas as two experimental chassis and three finished turrets. The tank was armed with the 105 mm L7A3 rifled gun, developed in Great Britain. After the tests ended, the tank was equipped with a 120-mm Rheinmetall gun, right there, at the Aberdeen Proving Ground in Maryland. It was this version that later went into series production under the designation Leopard 2.

''-From [[wt:en/news/7797-development-leopard-2av-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_leopard_2av Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Leopard 2 (Family)]]
** [[Leopard 2A4]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[XM-1 (GM)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7797-development-leopard-2av-en|[Devblog] Leopard 2AV]]

{{Germany medium tanks}}

P40

2024-06-27T18:05:21Z

U136146036: /* Ammo racks */ Updated ammo rack information since racks 5 and 6 should not be separated.

{{About
|about=Italian medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|other
|usage-1 = other uses
|link-1 = P40 (Disambiguation)
|usage-2 = the premium version
|link-2 = P40 "G.C. Leoncello"
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=it_p_40
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

During the war in Africa, the Italians found that their medium and light tanks had a lack of armour and insufficient firepower against the Allied tanks. At the beginning of 1940, they began work on a project for a heavy infantry support tank, which was to fight alongside the medium tanks. The project was initially designated as the P75 for its 75/18 mm cannon, which was later changed to a longer 75/32 gun and finally a 75/34 cannon with better anti-tank capabilities. The initial design derived from the contemporary M13/40 tank, but was later revised with sloped armour plate<ref>"I mezzi blindo-Corazzati Italiani 1923-1943", Nicola Pignato, Storia Militare, Albertelli Edizioni Speciali, Italy, 2007, pp 84-88</ref><ref>"Atlante mondiale dei mezzi corazzati, I carri dell'Asse", Nicola Pignato, Ermanno Albertelli Editore, Italy, 1983, p 64</ref>; eventually the vehicle that came out was the P26/40, a heavy tank by Italian army guidelines due to its weight of 26 tons, and the number 40 for the year of design. The vehicle would only see the battlefield in 1943, of which only 5 would be produced before the armistice and in turn would be captured by the Germans, who would produce a hundred more tanks, many of which were used as fixed emplacements without engine.

Introduced along with the initial Italian ground tree in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]], the P40 proves to be a balanced vehicle between armament, armour, and mobility: between the APCBC and HEAT shells, it is able to penetrate almost every tank it will meet; the mobility is neither too good nor too bad; and the vehicle can take some damage without problems.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Structural steel

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 50 mm (45°), 30 mm (78°), 45 mm (45°) ''Front glacis'' 50 mm (38°) ''Lower glacis'' 74 mm (45°) ''Driver's hatch'' || 45 mm (35°) ''Top'' 40 mm ''Bottom'' || 40 mm ''Fighting compartment rear'' 40 mm (10-40°) || 45 mm ''Front'' 15 mm ''Rear''
|-
| Turret || 50 mm (20°) ''Turret front'' 48 + 48 mm (1-78°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 45 mm (25-26°) || 45 mm ''Top'' 23 + 50 + 45 mm ''Turret bustle'' || 20 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick, bogies are 10 mm thick, and tracks are 20 mm thick.
* 4 mm side skirts line up parts of the bottom side hull.
* Belly armour is 14 mm thick.

Its protection is enough for most medium-ranged engagements but is able to be easily penetrated by most guns at close range. The front plate is a 50 mm plate sloped at 45° allowing for 65-67 mm of total protection, and the drivers hatch on the left side is 76 mm also sloped at 45° allowing for nearly 100 mm of protection. Most shots to the upper glacis won't penetrate thanks to the radical sloping angle of the plate offering 95 mm of armour, but it is possible for it to deflect a shot into the UFP. The gun mantlet is very well protected, with two rounded plates, which each offer roughly 50 mm of protection, stacked on top of each other allowing for a total of 100 mm. Be wary that the turret is a very vulnerable spot due to the nearly flat plate that only has 50 mm of armour.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=511|rbMinHp=292}}

Mobility is below average for the rank but is faster than some common tanks like the early Sherman's and Chi-Nu. However, almost every other tank in the rank will easily outrun the {{PAGENAME}} (such as the early T-34s, [[Cromwell (Family)|Cromwells]], [[Pz.III M|Pz.III]] and the [[Pz.IV F2]]). The tank's off road speed is quite good, able to reach 43 km/h (27 mph) on dirt and get to that speed quite quickly. The hull traverse is also very good and the tank is very responsive while in motion, allowing for a very mobile playstyle.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Ansaldo 75 L/34 (75 mm)}}

The P40 is armed with a Ansaldo 75 L/34, able to carry a total of 63 shells. combining a decent reload with flexible munitions. The P40 has access to a 75 mm APHE round with 79 mm of penetration and a HEAT round with 100 mm of penetration. It is worth noting, either ammunition is usable, but a mix is preferable. Most enemies will easily fall prey to the APHE round, but T-34s, M4 Shermans, and KV-1s, are all enemies that require heavier hitting rounds, like the HEAT round. Note turret rotation is mediocre, and traversing the hull is necessary during close range engagements. The average round velocity will make longer-range combat difficult and the penetration drop off of the APHE round becomes quite noticeable.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Ansaldo 75 L/34 (75 mm)|75 mm Ansaldo 75 L/34]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 63 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+23° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 13.3 || 18.4 || 22.4 || 24.8 || 26.4 || rowspan="2" | 6.50 || rowspan="2" | 5.75 || rowspan="2" | 5.30 || rowspan="2" | 5.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.3 || 9.8 || 11.9 || 13.2 || 14.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Ansaldo 75 L/34 (75 mm)/Ammunition|Granata Perforante 75/32, EPS M42, Granata 75/32}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks P40 "G.C. Leoncello".png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''63''' || 58 ''(+5)'' || 53 ''(+10)'' || 48 ''(+15)'' || 42 ''(+21)'' || 1 ''(+62)'' || No
|-
|}

Sponsons empty: 42 ''(+21)''

Rack 5 is a massive ammo rack in the hull containing 42 shells. Carrying 21 (+42) effectively reduces its size by half.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|Breda Mod. 38 (8 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Breda Mod. 38 (8 mm)|8 mm Breda Mod. 38]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 288 (24) || 600 || -10°/+20° || N/A
|-
| Coaxial || 288 (24) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The P40 is a tank that excels in medium-ranged engagements thanks to its decent armour and adequate gun. Due to the relatively small size and good mobility, it can, however, be played as an ambush tank that can sneak around and plant a shot in the enemy's sides, allowing for an easy elimination because of the large explosive filler in the APCBC shell. Be wary that while the tank's armour may protect against many lower-rank cannons, cannons at equivalent BR (Namely the Pz.IV's long-barrelled cannon) are easily capable of destroying the tank.

Players in the P40 should always be with teammates, as the P40 is easy prey when separated from its team. Stick with the heavier tanks such as the KV-1's, Churchill's and Matilda's, as they can soak up shots and draw attention away from the weak little P40, allowing the player to sneak around and hit a few tanks. If there are no heavy tanks, the P40's best bet is to support a Sherman or Pz.IV, as both of them can deal with enemies that the P40 can't.

=== Specific enemies worth noting: ===

* [[KV-1 (L-11)]]/[[KV-1S]]. These Russian heavy beasts are incredibly difficult for the P40 to deal with, as their armour is able to shrug off even the EPS M42 HEAT round and they mount guns able to punch through it frontally. Your best bet to destroy them solo is by taking out their guns and burn them out by shooting their engine, but if the P40 is accompanied by a tank with a stronger gun such as the long-barrelled [[Pz.IV]]'s, the engagement will become significantly easier. When accompanied by teammates, take out their gun and tracks in order to ensure a teammate secures the kill.
* [[Matilda III]]. The British Matilda tank is the most common enemy the P40 will face, and boasts excellent all-around protection comparable to the previously mentioned KV-1's and an excellent crew layout. It's worth mentioning that its complex side armour is able to thwart the EPS round when not aimed carefully, and has a habit of absorbing shells in general. It is however not without its downfalls, as its main gun has very low penetration across all of its shell selections, with the highest penetrating shell still being unable to penetrate a well-angled P40 at 300 meters out, and it being incredibly slow. Your EPS shell can penetrate the turret sides at most ranges and will take out all 3 crew members in the turret when aimed carefully.

=== Pros and cons ===

[[File:Radar chart P40.png|thumb|P40's medium tank abilities chart]]

'''Pros:'''

* Decent frontal armour
* The gun possesses satisfactory performance at its rank
* Has access to HEAT shells with 100 mm of penetration
* Stock shell has a lot of explosive filler, making one-shot very common
* Relatively small for a medium tank
* Very good in medium-ranged performance
* Relatively consistent armour protection all around the tank ~ good for angling

'''Cons:'''

* Overall penetration is not that great
* Pitifully low ammo count for each machine gun belt
* Armour can still be penetrated by a few enemies of rank II, most notably by the long-barreled Panzer IVs
* Breda Mod. 38's have a very low magazine count
* Lower than the average speed
* Mediocre turret traverse
* Smoke shells deploy behind the tank

== History ==

[[File:P40 at Army parade.jpg|thumb|P26/40 at an Italian Army parade in 2011]]
The Carro Pesante P26/40 was Italy's heaviest and most modern tank that saw service in WWII. Despite only weighing 26 tonnes, which is significantly less than almost every other country's medium tanks, it was classed as a heavy tank due to Italy's tank design doctrine.

In early 1940, the Italians started working on a 25 tonne "heavy" infantry support tank that was intended to fight alongside the "M" class medium tanks.<ref>"I mezzi blindo-Corazzati Italiani 1923-1943", Nicola Pignato, Storia Militare, Albertelli Edizioni Speciali, Italy, 2007, pp 84-85</ref> The recent Africa campaign showed the massive problems the Italian tanks in production had, namely a lack of armour and insufficient firepower, prompting the army to make some changes. The initial design of 1941 was based around the same scheme of the M13/40 medium tank and saw the use of a short barrelled 75/18 howitzer in turret, two machine guns in the hull, and the use of vertical armour plates. With the capture of an early T-34/76, displayed by the Germans, the P26/40 was completely revised with sloped plates and a longer 75/34 gun.<ref>"I mezzi blindo-Corazzati Italiani 1923-1943", Nicola Pignato, Storia Militare, Albertelli Edizioni Speciali, Italy, 2007, pp 86</ref> The vehicle was adopted in late 1942 and was named "P26/40", 26 for the weight and 40 for the year it was designed, later simplified to P40 following a new designation policy after August 1942.<ref>"Atlante mondiale dei mezzi corazzati, I carri dell'Asse", Nicola Pignato, Ermanno Albertelli Editore, Italy, 1983, p 10</ref>

While surely better than previous Italian tanks, the P40 was only comparable to mid-war Allied and Soviet medium tanks, such as M4s, Cromwells or T-34/76s, and was still outdated regarding its mobility, the riveted armour and the use of a smaller two-men turret.<ref>"Corazzati 1939/1945", Nicola Pignato, Ermanno Albertelli Editore, Italy, 1974, pp 91-92</ref><ref>"Carri armati nel deserto", Valerio Naglieri, Ermanno Albertelli Editore, Italy, 1972, p 125</ref> The Italian Army considered the use of the heavier, but never realized, P43 and P43 bis, or the license-production of the German Panther even before the service of the P26/40.<ref>"Atlante mondiale dei mezzi corazzati, I carri dell'Asse", Nicola Pignato, Ermanno Albertelli Editore, Italy, 1983, p 66</ref>

Before the Italian Armistice of the 8 September 1943, the Carro Pesante P26/40 was produced in only a few units, between 1 and 5 pre-production vehicles, that were taken by the Wehrmacht when the Italian Army surrendered. The Germans continued production and built around a hundred tanks but due to the low rate of production of the engines and overall modest features of the P40, 38 were used without engine as static emplacements.<ref>"I mezzi blindo-Corazzati Italiani 1923-1943", Nicola Pignato, Storia Militare, Albertelli Edizioni Speciali, Italy, 2007, p 65</ref> Today, two Carro Pesante P26/40s still exist: one of them is in the Museo della Motorizzazione in Rome, while the other one is on display near the Italian Army barracks in Lecce.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=it_p_40 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos

* Videos for the {{PAGENAME}} "G.C. Leoncello" also apply to the {{PAGENAME}}.

{{Youtube-gallery|tYfOlnMdCLE|'''{{PAGENAME}} "Leoncello" - Tank Review - Special Italian Flavour''' - ''Napalmratte''|N-EazLEFaFg|'''The Shooting Range #71''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 08:17 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|GfrV4tR0HGo|'''Fiat-Ansaldo P 26/40, Italian, Tier-2, Medium Tank''' - ''Angry Nerd Gaming''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[P40 "G.C. Leoncello"]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[T-34 (Family)]] - T-34/76 models

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:P26/40_tank|[Wikipedia] P26/40 tank]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/italy/Carro_Armato_Pesante_P26-40.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Carro Armato P26/40]
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=503 <nowiki>[Military Factory]</nowiki> Carro Armato P40 (Carro Pesante P40)]

{{TankManufacturer FIAT-Ansaldo}}
{{Italy medium tanks}}
<references />

File:Ammoracks P40 "G.C. Leoncello".png

2024-06-27T18:03:05Z

U136146036: U136146036 uploaded a new version of File:Ammoracks P40 "G.C. Leoncello".png

[[Category:Ammo racks]]

File:Ammoracks Chi-To.png

2024-06-20T20:09:35Z

U136146036: U136146036 uploaded a new version of File:Ammoracks Chi-To.png

[[Category:Ammo racks]]

Chi-To

2024-06-20T20:09:19Z

U136146036: Undo revision 187698 by U136146036 (talk)

{{About
| about = Japanese medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the late version
| link = Chi-To Late
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=jp_type_4_chi_to
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' ({{Annotation|四式中戦車「チト」|Yon-Shiki Chū-Sensha [Chi-To]}}) was developed as a counter to the ever-pressing danger the Sherman possessed over Japanese 1930s infantry based tanks such as the [[Ha-Go]] and [[Chi-Ha]]. The main development point of the Chi-To (and its heavier counterpart, the [[Chi-Ri II]]) was the new high-velocity long barrel 75 mm and a new hull design over the [[Chi-Ha]] / [[Chi-He]] family allowing for larger upgrades in armour, engine, and cannons. However, due to delays in hull production and lengthy cannon development, the Chi-To would only be ready in 1945 for evaluation, and the [[Chi-Nu]] and [[Ho-Ni III]] were built as stopgap measures to fill the gap of Sherman-capable competitors until the Chi-To was fully ready.

It was introduced along with the initial Japanese Ground Forces tree in [[Update 1.65 "Way of the Samurai"]]. Playing the Type 4 Chi-To can give the player a new impression of the Japanese tree line and a lasting one considering many of the Japanese tanks after it follow the same pattern - a tank with a very powerful cannon, decent mobility, but rather fragile armour. The armour plus the tank's rather long reload means that the Chi-To is meant more for a long-distance shoot-out than a close encounter.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet, Machine gun port)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 75 mm (17°) ''Front plate'' 20 mm (76°) ''Front glacis'' 75 mm (16°), 20 mm (58°) ''Lower glacis'' 50 mm (12°) ''Front cheeks'' 50 mm (0-66°) ''Machine gun port'' || 35 mm (12-30°) ''Top'' 35 mm ''Bottom'' || 20 mm (73°) ''Top'' 35 mm ''Center'' 20 mm (48°) ''Bottom'' || 20 mm
|-
| Turret || 75 mm (16°) ''Turret front'' 50-75 mm (10°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 50 mm (15-16°) 50 mm (0-65°) ''Right machine gun port'' || 50 mm (15-50°) ''Turret rear'' 10 mm ''Turret rear underside'' || 20 mm
|-
| Cupola || 75 mm || 75 mm || 75 mm || 20 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick while tracks are 20 mm thick.
* 10 mm RHA plates are scattered on the lower side hull.
* Turret ring is 20 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=620|rbMinHp=354}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Type II Model II (75 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type II Model II (75 mm)|75 mm Type II Model II]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 55 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 12.1 || 16.7 || 20.3 || 22.5 || 23.9 || rowspan="2" | 8.45 || rowspan="2" | 7.48 || rowspan="2" | 6.89 || rowspan="2" | 6.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 7.6 || 8.9 || 10.8 || 11.9 || 12.7
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Type II Model II (75 mm)/Ammunition|Type 1 APHE, Type 4 Kou, Type 90 HE}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x300px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''55''' || 40 ''(+15)'' || 34 ''(+21)'' || 28 ''(+27)'' || 22 ''(+33)'' || 10 ''(+45)'' || 0 ''(+55)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Note''':

* Turret and hull sides empty: 22 ''(+33)'' shells.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|Type 97 (7.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type 97 (7.7 mm)|7.7 mm Type 97]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 1,000 (20) || 499 || -10°/+70° || ±60°
|-
| Hull || 3,000 (20) || 499 || ±8° || ±8°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

As previously stated, the Chi-To best performs in the role of sniper, engaging hulldown at medium to long range against opposing medium tanks. The good gun depression, average mobility, and good reverse speed allow you to make it to good positions at an average pace and allow you to reverse back into cover when reloading.

Against most heavies such as the [[IS-1]]/[[IS-2|2]], [[Tiger H1|Tiger]], or [[Panther D|Panther]], it is only worthwhile to engage if you are already entrenched in a solid defensive position. Your gun's lack of APCBC gives you poor performance against slopes and rounded armour on the IS, Panther, and angled Tigers, making any ranged engagement near useless. Against tanks such as the [[M4A3E2|Jumbo 75]] or [[M4A3E2 (76) W|76]], it is best to disengage and flank them or have teammates flank them. Against all other medium tanks, shots to the hull will suffice at most range.

The M4A3E2 Jumbo could be a menace if not handled properly as they are nigh impenetrable from the front due to its thick armour. Either try for a very precise shot through the MG port in the front or shoot the armour behind the tracks if they are angled. The best way to deal with a Sherman Jumbo is to shoot it through the side or between the side plate and the tracks. There is a small gap between the top of the tracks and the bottom of the side plate that can be easily penetrated by the Chi-To Late, and a successful penetration here usually results in a one-shot, or a destroyed/alight engine. This weak spot is relatively easy to exploit as most Jumbo drivers make the mistake of angling their armour, which gives you full view of this weak spot. If you are struggling to hit it, then a shot through the drive wheel at an angle of 45º or more usually works quite well also. You should feel no pressure to get this right the first time, as a well-angled Chi-To Late can reliably bounce the Jumbo's shells, unless the Jumbo in question happens to be sporting the 76mm M1A1 cannon.

The IS series of tanks can also be a bit of a bother to deal with. At this battle rating, you may find the IS-1, IS-2 or IS-2 mod. 1944 (rare). However, they can be defeated by exploiting the shot trap on the turret front (requires some luck), shooting the driver's hatch on the front or the gun mantlet (requires extreme precision and luck), shooting the lower frontal plate (the most reliable way to kill an IS) or shooting the frontal armour plate from a 90º angle. That being said, your tank can still one-shot the IS series you'll face by shooting directly beneath the turret ring.

You may encounter the German "Big Cat" tanks (Tiger H1, Tiger E, Panther D, Panther A) if you get seriously up tiered. In this case the best thing you can do is hit them from the side, which usually results in a one-shot. If facing a Tiger (or any German Big Cat for that matter) from the front, you should retreat. However, if his frontal plate is not angled, then it might be worth a shot to shoot between the machine gun port and driver's hatch, which will result in a one-shot. As for the panther, try to exploit the shot trap on the turret, but only as a last resort. Your first port of call should be to shoot the drive wheel, basically following the same tactics you'd use for dealing with a Sherman Jumbo.

As for some other enemies:

* [[Churchill VII]]: do not engage from the front at all. Sneak around to the side and shoot there.
* [[ARL-44]]: shoot the sides. It's not worth facing this tank head on, it's too much of a risk.
* [[ARL-44 (ACL-1)]]: aim for the turret if you face this tank from the front, then finish it from the sides. Be careful not to get shot.
* [[M6A1]]: the frontal armour on this thing can be a bit fiddly. Aim for a spot that doesn't seem to have more than one armour plate layered on it.

Most tanks you face can penetrate you frontally if they shoot your frontal plate when it is not angled. It is recommended to get the first shot off and then retreat, and make a second surprise attack. Most of the time, a penetration results in a one-shot with this tank. You can penetrate pretty much any medium or light tank frontally by shooting the upper front plate, so use that to your advantage.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful 75 mm cannon, good penetration and very low shell drop-off.
* A very powerful tank at 4.3, can tackle all foes at its BR bracket.
* Decent gun depression of -11°
* Ammo in the turret can be emptied by carrying 15 less ammo.
* Decent top armour, enough to resist strafing aircraft weapons.

'''Cons:'''

* Atrocious optics
* Armour is average and mostly flat and unangled, like the Panzer IV.
* The Chi-To is asymmetric and is a large tank, it is difficult to hide from enemies.
* Reload rate quite slow.
* Angling front armour can expose the 50 mm hull cheek armour.
* Very hard to turn on the spot, especially when stock.

== History ==

===Development===
The lackluster performance of Japanese tanks in World War II called for the development of newer medium tanks in the Imperial Japanese Army. The standard tank of the time was the [[Chi-Ha|Type 97 Chi-Ha]], which has its chassis used in many expedient models to provide a bigger gun for the Japanese inventory such as the [[Chi-Ha Kai|Chi-Ha Kai]], [[Chi-He|Type 1 Chi-He]], [[Ho-I|Type 2 Ho-I]], and [[Chi-Nu|Type 3 Chi-Nu]]. By the time of Chi-Nu, however, the Chi-Ha chassis was becoming outdated and so a new tank design using an improved chassis was needed for future development.<ref name="ZalogaJapaneseTank">Zaloga Steven. ''Japanese Tanks 1939-1945'' Great Britain: Osprey Publishing Ltd., 2007</ref>

In 1943, development started of the '''Chi-To''' tank, which features a new chassis and more powerful engine. Its armament is a 75 mm gun based off the Type 88 anti-aircraft gun, giving it a high-velocity weapon. Armour on the tank was welded and was quite thick in comparison to its predecessor at 75 mm thick. The tank was accepted for service in 1944 and was expected to enter mass production with 20 per month at Mitsubishi and 5 per month at Kobe-Seiko. In terms of Japanese armour development, the Chi-To was the most sophisticated tank to enter production levels.<ref name="ZalogaJapaneseTank" />

===War's End===
Despite its potential, the Type 4 Chi-To was never made in large numbers. At the war's end, only six chassis were made, with only two of those made into tanks.

The two Type 4 produced were cast into Lake Hamana between the 23 and the 28 August 1945 to avoid their capture. One was found by the U.S. occupation forces following Japan's surrender in World War II. The tank was then transported to Aberdeen Proving Grounds for tests and would eventually scrap them in October 1952.<ref name="MaiScrapping">Sun, Eun Ae. ''Chi-Ri & Chi-To: Aberdeen Tank Scrapping.'' YouTube, YouTube, 7 Aug. 2017, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4mkS8EodQbA Video]</ref>

The second tank is still believed to be at the bottom of the lake. A project to find it was launched in 2013 by SM@Pe, a group of people from Hamamatsu. Inhabitants, volunteers, divers and the Windy Network Corp ( a marine studies company from Tôkyô who founded a trainning plane of the Japanese imperial army in the lake Towada in 2010) participated to research, supported by the use of a sonar and testimonials, including former soldiers who allegedly participated in the launching operation. The research did not give anything.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=jp_type_4_chi_to Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]
{{Skin-gallery |market|ugcitem_1000270|Type 4 Chi-To Operation Ketsugо.png|Camo "Operation Ketsugо"}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://sensha-manual.blogspot.com/2021/09/type4.html <nowiki>[SENSHA Blog]</nowiki> Type 4 Medium Tank, 'Chi-To': The Last Tank of the Japanese Army]

===References===
<references />

{{TankManufacturer Mitsubishi}}
{{Japan medium tanks}}

Chi-To

2024-06-20T20:08:54Z

U136146036: Undo revision 187711 by U136146036 (talk)

{{About
| about = Japanese medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the late version
| link = Chi-To Late
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=jp_type_4_chi_to
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' ({{Annotation|四式中戦車「チト」|Yon-Shiki Chū-Sensha [Chi-To]}}) was developed as a counter to the ever-pressing danger the Sherman possessed over Japanese 1930s infantry based tanks such as the [[Ha-Go]] and [[Chi-Ha]]. The main development point of the Chi-To (and its heavier counterpart, the [[Chi-Ri II]]) was the new high-velocity long barrel 75 mm and a new hull design over the [[Chi-Ha]] / [[Chi-He]] family allowing for larger upgrades in armour, engine, and cannons. However, due to delays in hull production and lengthy cannon development, the Chi-To would only be ready in 1945 for evaluation, and the [[Chi-Nu]] and [[Ho-Ni III]] were built as stopgap measures to fill the gap of Sherman-capable competitors until the Chi-To was fully ready.

It was introduced along with the initial Japanese Ground Forces tree in [[Update 1.65 "Way of the Samurai"]]. Playing the Type 4 Chi-To can give the player a new impression of the Japanese tree line and a lasting one considering many of the Japanese tanks after it follow the same pattern - a tank with a very powerful cannon, decent mobility, but rather fragile armour. The armour plus the tank's rather long reload means that the Chi-To is meant more for a long-distance shoot-out than a close encounter.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet, Machine gun port)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 75 mm (17°) ''Front plate'' 20 mm (76°) ''Front glacis'' 75 mm (16°), 20 mm (58°) ''Lower glacis'' 50 mm (12°) ''Front cheeks'' 50 mm (0-66°) ''Machine gun port'' || 35 mm (12-30°) ''Top'' 35 mm ''Bottom'' || 20 mm (73°) ''Top'' 35 mm ''Center'' 20 mm (48°) ''Bottom'' || 20 mm
|-
| Turret || 75 mm (16°) ''Turret front'' 50-75 mm (10°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 50 mm (15-16°) 50 mm (0-65°) ''Right machine gun port'' || 50 mm (15-50°) ''Turret rear'' 10 mm ''Turret rear underside'' || 20 mm
|-
| Cupola || 75 mm || 75 mm || 75 mm || 20 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick while tracks are 20 mm thick.
* 10 mm RHA plates are scattered on the lower side hull.
* Turret ring is 20 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=620|rbMinHp=354}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Type II Model II (75 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type II Model II (75 mm)|75 mm Type II Model II]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 55 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 12.1 || 16.7 || 20.3 || 22.5 || 23.9 || rowspan="2" | 8.45 || rowspan="2" | 7.48 || rowspan="2" | 6.89 || rowspan="2" | 6.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 7.6 || 8.9 || 10.8 || 11.9 || 12.7
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Type II Model II (75 mm)/Ammunition|Type 1 APHE, Type 4 Kou, Type 90 HE}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x300px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''55''' || 40 ''(+15)'' || 34 ''(+21)'' || 28 ''(+27)'' || 21 ''(+33)'' || 10 ''(+45)'' || 0 ''(+55)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Note''':

* Turret and hull sides empty: 22 ''(+33)'' shells.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|Type 97 (7.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type 97 (7.7 mm)|7.7 mm Type 97]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 1,000 (20) || 499 || -10°/+70° || ±60°
|-
| Hull || 3,000 (20) || 499 || ±8° || ±8°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

As previously stated, the Chi-To best performs in the role of sniper, engaging hulldown at medium to long range against opposing medium tanks. The good gun depression, average mobility, and good reverse speed allow you to make it to good positions at an average pace and allow you to reverse back into cover when reloading.

Against most heavies such as the [[IS-1]]/[[IS-2|2]], [[Tiger H1|Tiger]], or [[Panther D|Panther]], it is only worthwhile to engage if you are already entrenched in a solid defensive position. Your gun's lack of APCBC gives you poor performance against slopes and rounded armour on the IS, Panther, and angled Tigers, making any ranged engagement near useless. Against tanks such as the [[M4A3E2|Jumbo 75]] or [[M4A3E2 (76) W|76]], it is best to disengage and flank them or have teammates flank them. Against all other medium tanks, shots to the hull will suffice at most range.

The M4A3E2 Jumbo could be a menace if not handled properly as they are nigh impenetrable from the front due to its thick armour. Either try for a very precise shot through the MG port in the front or shoot the armour behind the tracks if they are angled. The best way to deal with a Sherman Jumbo is to shoot it through the side or between the side plate and the tracks. There is a small gap between the top of the tracks and the bottom of the side plate that can be easily penetrated by the Chi-To Late, and a successful penetration here usually results in a one-shot, or a destroyed/alight engine. This weak spot is relatively easy to exploit as most Jumbo drivers make the mistake of angling their armour, which gives you full view of this weak spot. If you are struggling to hit it, then a shot through the drive wheel at an angle of 45º or more usually works quite well also. You should feel no pressure to get this right the first time, as a well-angled Chi-To Late can reliably bounce the Jumbo's shells, unless the Jumbo in question happens to be sporting the 76mm M1A1 cannon.

The IS series of tanks can also be a bit of a bother to deal with. At this battle rating, you may find the IS-1, IS-2 or IS-2 mod. 1944 (rare). However, they can be defeated by exploiting the shot trap on the turret front (requires some luck), shooting the driver's hatch on the front or the gun mantlet (requires extreme precision and luck), shooting the lower frontal plate (the most reliable way to kill an IS) or shooting the frontal armour plate from a 90º angle. That being said, your tank can still one-shot the IS series you'll face by shooting directly beneath the turret ring.

You may encounter the German "Big Cat" tanks (Tiger H1, Tiger E, Panther D, Panther A) if you get seriously up tiered. In this case the best thing you can do is hit them from the side, which usually results in a one-shot. If facing a Tiger (or any German Big Cat for that matter) from the front, you should retreat. However, if his frontal plate is not angled, then it might be worth a shot to shoot between the machine gun port and driver's hatch, which will result in a one-shot. As for the panther, try to exploit the shot trap on the turret, but only as a last resort. Your first port of call should be to shoot the drive wheel, basically following the same tactics you'd use for dealing with a Sherman Jumbo.

As for some other enemies:

* [[Churchill VII]]: do not engage from the front at all. Sneak around to the side and shoot there.
* [[ARL-44]]: shoot the sides. It's not worth facing this tank head on, it's too much of a risk.
* [[ARL-44 (ACL-1)]]: aim for the turret if you face this tank from the front, then finish it from the sides. Be careful not to get shot.
* [[M6A1]]: the frontal armour on this thing can be a bit fiddly. Aim for a spot that doesn't seem to have more than one armour plate layered on it.

Most tanks you face can penetrate you frontally if they shoot your frontal plate when it is not angled. It is recommended to get the first shot off and then retreat, and make a second surprise attack. Most of the time, a penetration results in a one-shot with this tank. You can penetrate pretty much any medium or light tank frontally by shooting the upper front plate, so use that to your advantage.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful 75 mm cannon, good penetration and very low shell drop-off.
* A very powerful tank at 4.3, can tackle all foes at its BR bracket.
* Decent gun depression of -11°
* Ammo in the turret can be emptied by carrying 15 less ammo.
* Decent top armour, enough to resist strafing aircraft weapons.

'''Cons:'''

* Atrocious optics
* Armour is average and mostly flat and unangled, like the Panzer IV.
* The Chi-To is asymmetric and is a large tank, it is difficult to hide from enemies.
* Reload rate quite slow.
* Angling front armour can expose the 50 mm hull cheek armour.
* Very hard to turn on the spot, especially when stock.

== History ==

===Development===
The lackluster performance of Japanese tanks in World War II called for the development of newer medium tanks in the Imperial Japanese Army. The standard tank of the time was the [[Chi-Ha|Type 97 Chi-Ha]], which has its chassis used in many expedient models to provide a bigger gun for the Japanese inventory such as the [[Chi-Ha Kai|Chi-Ha Kai]], [[Chi-He|Type 1 Chi-He]], [[Ho-I|Type 2 Ho-I]], and [[Chi-Nu|Type 3 Chi-Nu]]. By the time of Chi-Nu, however, the Chi-Ha chassis was becoming outdated and so a new tank design using an improved chassis was needed for future development.<ref name="ZalogaJapaneseTank">Zaloga Steven. ''Japanese Tanks 1939-1945'' Great Britain: Osprey Publishing Ltd., 2007</ref>

In 1943, development started of the '''Chi-To''' tank, which features a new chassis and more powerful engine. Its armament is a 75 mm gun based off the Type 88 anti-aircraft gun, giving it a high-velocity weapon. Armour on the tank was welded and was quite thick in comparison to its predecessor at 75 mm thick. The tank was accepted for service in 1944 and was expected to enter mass production with 20 per month at Mitsubishi and 5 per month at Kobe-Seiko. In terms of Japanese armour development, the Chi-To was the most sophisticated tank to enter production levels.<ref name="ZalogaJapaneseTank" />

===War's End===
Despite its potential, the Type 4 Chi-To was never made in large numbers. At the war's end, only six chassis were made, with only two of those made into tanks.

The two Type 4 produced were cast into Lake Hamana between the 23 and the 28 August 1945 to avoid their capture. One was found by the U.S. occupation forces following Japan's surrender in World War II. The tank was then transported to Aberdeen Proving Grounds for tests and would eventually scrap them in October 1952.<ref name="MaiScrapping">Sun, Eun Ae. ''Chi-Ri & Chi-To: Aberdeen Tank Scrapping.'' YouTube, YouTube, 7 Aug. 2017, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4mkS8EodQbA Video]</ref>

The second tank is still believed to be at the bottom of the lake. A project to find it was launched in 2013 by SM@Pe, a group of people from Hamamatsu. Inhabitants, volunteers, divers and the Windy Network Corp ( a marine studies company from Tôkyô who founded a trainning plane of the Japanese imperial army in the lake Towada in 2010) participated to research, supported by the use of a sonar and testimonials, including former soldiers who allegedly participated in the launching operation. The research did not give anything.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=jp_type_4_chi_to Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]
{{Skin-gallery |market|ugcitem_1000270|Type 4 Chi-To Operation Ketsugо.png|Camo "Operation Ketsugо"}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://sensha-manual.blogspot.com/2021/09/type4.html <nowiki>[SENSHA Blog]</nowiki> Type 4 Medium Tank, 'Chi-To': The Last Tank of the Japanese Army]

===References===
<references />

{{TankManufacturer Mitsubishi}}
{{Japan medium tanks}}

Chi-To

2024-06-20T19:14:41Z

U136146036: /* Ammo racks */ Updated to fix the previous issue.

{{About
| about = Japanese medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the late version
| link = Chi-To Late
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=jp_type_4_chi_to
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' ({{Annotation|四式中戦車「チト」|Yon-Shiki Chū-Sensha [Chi-To]}}) was developed as a counter to the ever-pressing danger the Sherman possessed over Japanese 1930s infantry based tanks such as the [[Ha-Go]] and [[Chi-Ha]]. The main development point of the Chi-To (and its heavier counterpart, the [[Chi-Ri II]]) was the new high-velocity long barrel 75 mm and a new hull design over the [[Chi-Ha]] / [[Chi-He]] family allowing for larger upgrades in armour, engine, and cannons. However, due to delays in hull production and lengthy cannon development, the Chi-To would only be ready in 1945 for evaluation, and the [[Chi-Nu]] and [[Ho-Ni III]] were built as stopgap measures to fill the gap of Sherman-capable competitors until the Chi-To was fully ready.

It was introduced along with the initial Japanese Ground Forces tree in [[Update 1.65 "Way of the Samurai"]]. Playing the Type 4 Chi-To can give the player a new impression of the Japanese tree line and a lasting one considering many of the Japanese tanks after it follow the same pattern - a tank with a very powerful cannon, decent mobility, but rather fragile armour. The armour plus the tank's rather long reload means that the Chi-To is meant more for a long-distance shoot-out than a close encounter.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet, Machine gun port)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 75 mm (17°) ''Front plate'' 20 mm (76°) ''Front glacis'' 75 mm (16°), 20 mm (58°) ''Lower glacis'' 50 mm (12°) ''Front cheeks'' 50 mm (0-66°) ''Machine gun port'' || 35 mm (12-30°) ''Top'' 35 mm ''Bottom'' || 20 mm (73°) ''Top'' 35 mm ''Center'' 20 mm (48°) ''Bottom'' || 20 mm
|-
| Turret || 75 mm (16°) ''Turret front'' 50-75 mm (10°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 50 mm (15-16°) 50 mm (0-65°) ''Right machine gun port'' || 50 mm (15-50°) ''Turret rear'' 10 mm ''Turret rear underside'' || 20 mm
|-
| Cupola || 75 mm || 75 mm || 75 mm || 20 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick while tracks are 20 mm thick.
* 10 mm RHA plates are scattered on the lower side hull.
* Turret ring is 20 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=620|rbMinHp=354}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Type II Model II (75 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type II Model II (75 mm)|75 mm Type II Model II]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 55 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 12.1 || 16.7 || 20.3 || 22.5 || 23.9 || rowspan="2" | 8.45 || rowspan="2" | 7.48 || rowspan="2" | 6.89 || rowspan="2" | 6.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 7.6 || 8.9 || 10.8 || 11.9 || 12.7
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Type II Model II (75 mm)/Ammunition|Type 1 APHE, Type 4 Kou, Type 90 HE}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x300px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''55''' || 42 ''(+13)'' || 33 ''(+22)'' || 27 ''(+27)'' || 21 ''(+34)'' || 15 ''(+40)'' || 0 ''(+55)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Note''':

* Hull empty: 15 ''(+40)'' shells.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|Type 97 (7.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type 97 (7.7 mm)|7.7 mm Type 97]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 1,000 (20) || 499 || -10°/+70° || ±60°
|-
| Hull || 3,000 (20) || 499 || ±8° || ±8°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

As previously stated, the Chi-To best performs in the role of sniper, engaging hulldown at medium to long range against opposing medium tanks. The good gun depression, average mobility, and good reverse speed allow you to make it to good positions at an average pace and allow you to reverse back into cover when reloading.

Against most heavies such as the [[IS-1]]/[[IS-2|2]], [[Tiger H1|Tiger]], or [[Panther D|Panther]], it is only worthwhile to engage if you are already entrenched in a solid defensive position. Your gun's lack of APCBC gives you poor performance against slopes and rounded armour on the IS, Panther, and angled Tigers, making any ranged engagement near useless. Against tanks such as the [[M4A3E2|Jumbo 75]] or [[M4A3E2 (76) W|76]], it is best to disengage and flank them or have teammates flank them. Against all other medium tanks, shots to the hull will suffice at most range.

The M4A3E2 Jumbo could be a menace if not handled properly as they are nigh impenetrable from the front due to its thick armour. Either try for a very precise shot through the MG port in the front or shoot the armour behind the tracks if they are angled. The best way to deal with a Sherman Jumbo is to shoot it through the side or between the side plate and the tracks. There is a small gap between the top of the tracks and the bottom of the side plate that can be easily penetrated by the Chi-To Late, and a successful penetration here usually results in a one-shot, or a destroyed/alight engine. This weak spot is relatively easy to exploit as most Jumbo drivers make the mistake of angling their armour, which gives you full view of this weak spot. If you are struggling to hit it, then a shot through the drive wheel at an angle of 45º or more usually works quite well also. You should feel no pressure to get this right the first time, as a well-angled Chi-To Late can reliably bounce the Jumbo's shells, unless the Jumbo in question happens to be sporting the 76mm M1A1 cannon.

The IS series of tanks can also be a bit of a bother to deal with. At this battle rating, you may find the IS-1, IS-2 or IS-2 mod. 1944 (rare). However, they can be defeated by exploiting the shot trap on the turret front (requires some luck), shooting the driver's hatch on the front or the gun mantlet (requires extreme precision and luck), shooting the lower frontal plate (the most reliable way to kill an IS) or shooting the frontal armour plate from a 90º angle. That being said, your tank can still one-shot the IS series you'll face by shooting directly beneath the turret ring.

You may encounter the German "Big Cat" tanks (Tiger H1, Tiger E, Panther D, Panther A) if you get seriously up tiered. In this case the best thing you can do is hit them from the side, which usually results in a one-shot. If facing a Tiger (or any German Big Cat for that matter) from the front, you should retreat. However, if his frontal plate is not angled, then it might be worth a shot to shoot between the machine gun port and driver's hatch, which will result in a one-shot. As for the panther, try to exploit the shot trap on the turret, but only as a last resort. Your first port of call should be to shoot the drive wheel, basically following the same tactics you'd use for dealing with a Sherman Jumbo.

As for some other enemies:

* [[Churchill VII]]: do not engage from the front at all. Sneak around to the side and shoot there.
* [[ARL-44]]: shoot the sides. It's not worth facing this tank head on, it's too much of a risk.
* [[ARL-44 (ACL-1)]]: aim for the turret if you face this tank from the front, then finish it from the sides. Be careful not to get shot.
* [[M6A1]]: the frontal armour on this thing can be a bit fiddly. Aim for a spot that doesn't seem to have more than one armour plate layered on it.

Most tanks you face can penetrate you frontally if they shoot your frontal plate when it is not angled. It is recommended to get the first shot off and then retreat, and make a second surprise attack. Most of the time, a penetration results in a one-shot with this tank. You can penetrate pretty much any medium or light tank frontally by shooting the upper front plate, so use that to your advantage.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful 75 mm cannon, good penetration and very low shell drop-off.
* A very powerful tank at 4.3, can tackle all foes at its BR bracket.
* Decent gun depression of -11°
* Ammo in the turret can be emptied by carrying 15 less ammo.
* Decent top armour, enough to resist strafing aircraft weapons.

'''Cons:'''

* Atrocious optics
* Armour is average and mostly flat and unangled, like the Panzer IV.
* The Chi-To is asymmetric and is a large tank, it is difficult to hide from enemies.
* Reload rate quite slow.
* Angling front armour can expose the 50 mm hull cheek armour.
* Very hard to turn on the spot, especially when stock.

== History ==

===Development===
The lackluster performance of Japanese tanks in World War II called for the development of newer medium tanks in the Imperial Japanese Army. The standard tank of the time was the [[Chi-Ha|Type 97 Chi-Ha]], which has its chassis used in many expedient models to provide a bigger gun for the Japanese inventory such as the [[Chi-Ha Kai|Chi-Ha Kai]], [[Chi-He|Type 1 Chi-He]], [[Ho-I|Type 2 Ho-I]], and [[Chi-Nu|Type 3 Chi-Nu]]. By the time of Chi-Nu, however, the Chi-Ha chassis was becoming outdated and so a new tank design using an improved chassis was needed for future development.<ref name="ZalogaJapaneseTank">Zaloga Steven. ''Japanese Tanks 1939-1945'' Great Britain: Osprey Publishing Ltd., 2007</ref>

In 1943, development started of the '''Chi-To''' tank, which features a new chassis and more powerful engine. Its armament is a 75 mm gun based off the Type 88 anti-aircraft gun, giving it a high-velocity weapon. Armour on the tank was welded and was quite thick in comparison to its predecessor at 75 mm thick. The tank was accepted for service in 1944 and was expected to enter mass production with 20 per month at Mitsubishi and 5 per month at Kobe-Seiko. In terms of Japanese armour development, the Chi-To was the most sophisticated tank to enter production levels.<ref name="ZalogaJapaneseTank" />

===War's End===
Despite its potential, the Type 4 Chi-To was never made in large numbers. At the war's end, only six chassis were made, with only two of those made into tanks.

The two Type 4 produced were cast into Lake Hamana between the 23 and the 28 August 1945 to avoid their capture. One was found by the U.S. occupation forces following Japan's surrender in World War II. The tank was then transported to Aberdeen Proving Grounds for tests and would eventually scrap them in October 1952.<ref name="MaiScrapping">Sun, Eun Ae. ''Chi-Ri & Chi-To: Aberdeen Tank Scrapping.'' YouTube, YouTube, 7 Aug. 2017, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4mkS8EodQbA Video]</ref>

The second tank is still believed to be at the bottom of the lake. A project to find it was launched in 2013 by SM@Pe, a group of people from Hamamatsu. Inhabitants, volunteers, divers and the Windy Network Corp ( a marine studies company from Tôkyô who founded a trainning plane of the Japanese imperial army in the lake Towada in 2010) participated to research, supported by the use of a sonar and testimonials, including former soldiers who allegedly participated in the launching operation. The research did not give anything.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=jp_type_4_chi_to Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]
{{Skin-gallery |market|ugcitem_1000270|Type 4 Chi-To Operation Ketsugо.png|Camo "Operation Ketsugо"}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://sensha-manual.blogspot.com/2021/09/type4.html <nowiki>[SENSHA Blog]</nowiki> Type 4 Medium Tank, 'Chi-To': The Last Tank of the Japanese Army]

===References===
<references />

{{TankManufacturer Mitsubishi}}
{{Japan medium tanks}}

File:Ammoracks Chi-To.png

2024-06-20T19:14:13Z

U136146036: U136146036 uploaded a new version of File:Ammoracks Chi-To.png

[[Category:Ammo racks]]

Chi-To

2024-06-20T18:58:02Z

U136146036: /* Ammo racks */ "4th" rack empty requires 21 rounds allocated. I would also like to point out that the ammo racks for this vehicle is incorrect. The first rack is actually the final rack to be emptied and the 4th rack is labelled as the 3rd rack.

{{About
| about = Japanese medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the late version
| link = Chi-To Late
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=jp_type_4_chi_to
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' ({{Annotation|四式中戦車「チト」|Yon-Shiki Chū-Sensha [Chi-To]}}) was developed as a counter to the ever-pressing danger the Sherman possessed over Japanese 1930s infantry based tanks such as the [[Ha-Go]] and [[Chi-Ha]]. The main development point of the Chi-To (and its heavier counterpart, the [[Chi-Ri II]]) was the new high-velocity long barrel 75 mm and a new hull design over the [[Chi-Ha]] / [[Chi-He]] family allowing for larger upgrades in armour, engine, and cannons. However, due to delays in hull production and lengthy cannon development, the Chi-To would only be ready in 1945 for evaluation, and the [[Chi-Nu]] and [[Ho-Ni III]] were built as stopgap measures to fill the gap of Sherman-capable competitors until the Chi-To was fully ready.

It was introduced along with the initial Japanese Ground Forces tree in [[Update 1.65 "Way of the Samurai"]]. Playing the Type 4 Chi-To can give the player a new impression of the Japanese tree line and a lasting one considering many of the Japanese tanks after it follow the same pattern - a tank with a very powerful cannon, decent mobility, but rather fragile armour. The armour plus the tank's rather long reload means that the Chi-To is meant more for a long-distance shoot-out than a close encounter.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet, Machine gun port)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 75 mm (17°) ''Front plate'' 20 mm (76°) ''Front glacis'' 75 mm (16°), 20 mm (58°) ''Lower glacis'' 50 mm (12°) ''Front cheeks'' 50 mm (0-66°) ''Machine gun port'' || 35 mm (12-30°) ''Top'' 35 mm ''Bottom'' || 20 mm (73°) ''Top'' 35 mm ''Center'' 20 mm (48°) ''Bottom'' || 20 mm
|-
| Turret || 75 mm (16°) ''Turret front'' 50-75 mm (10°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 50 mm (15-16°) 50 mm (0-65°) ''Right machine gun port'' || 50 mm (15-50°) ''Turret rear'' 10 mm ''Turret rear underside'' || 20 mm
|-
| Cupola || 75 mm || 75 mm || 75 mm || 20 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick while tracks are 20 mm thick.
* 10 mm RHA plates are scattered on the lower side hull.
* Turret ring is 20 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=620|rbMinHp=354}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Type II Model II (75 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type II Model II (75 mm)|75 mm Type II Model II]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 55 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 12.1 || 16.7 || 20.3 || 22.5 || 23.9 || rowspan="2" | 8.45 || rowspan="2" | 7.48 || rowspan="2" | 6.89 || rowspan="2" | 6.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 7.6 || 8.9 || 10.8 || 11.9 || 12.7
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Type II Model II (75 mm)/Ammunition|Type 1 APHE, Type 4 Kou, Type 90 HE}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x300px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''55''' || 40 ''(+15)'' || 34 ''(+21)'' || 28 ''(+27)'' || 21 ''(+33)'' || 10 ''(+45)'' || 0 ''(+55)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Note''':

* Turret and hull sides empty: 22 ''(+33)'' shells.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|Type 97 (7.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type 97 (7.7 mm)|7.7 mm Type 97]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 1,000 (20) || 499 || -10°/+70° || ±60°
|-
| Hull || 3,000 (20) || 499 || ±8° || ±8°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

As previously stated, the Chi-To best performs in the role of sniper, engaging hulldown at medium to long range against opposing medium tanks. The good gun depression, average mobility, and good reverse speed allow you to make it to good positions at an average pace and allow you to reverse back into cover when reloading.

Against most heavies such as the [[IS-1]]/[[IS-2|2]], [[Tiger H1|Tiger]], or [[Panther D|Panther]], it is only worthwhile to engage if you are already entrenched in a solid defensive position. Your gun's lack of APCBC gives you poor performance against slopes and rounded armour on the IS, Panther, and angled Tigers, making any ranged engagement near useless. Against tanks such as the [[M4A3E2|Jumbo 75]] or [[M4A3E2 (76) W|76]], it is best to disengage and flank them or have teammates flank them. Against all other medium tanks, shots to the hull will suffice at most range.

The M4A3E2 Jumbo could be a menace if not handled properly as they are nigh impenetrable from the front due to its thick armour. Either try for a very precise shot through the MG port in the front or shoot the armour behind the tracks if they are angled. The best way to deal with a Sherman Jumbo is to shoot it through the side or between the side plate and the tracks. There is a small gap between the top of the tracks and the bottom of the side plate that can be easily penetrated by the Chi-To Late, and a successful penetration here usually results in a one-shot, or a destroyed/alight engine. This weak spot is relatively easy to exploit as most Jumbo drivers make the mistake of angling their armour, which gives you full view of this weak spot. If you are struggling to hit it, then a shot through the drive wheel at an angle of 45º or more usually works quite well also. You should feel no pressure to get this right the first time, as a well-angled Chi-To Late can reliably bounce the Jumbo's shells, unless the Jumbo in question happens to be sporting the 76mm M1A1 cannon.

The IS series of tanks can also be a bit of a bother to deal with. At this battle rating, you may find the IS-1, IS-2 or IS-2 mod. 1944 (rare). However, they can be defeated by exploiting the shot trap on the turret front (requires some luck), shooting the driver's hatch on the front or the gun mantlet (requires extreme precision and luck), shooting the lower frontal plate (the most reliable way to kill an IS) or shooting the frontal armour plate from a 90º angle. That being said, your tank can still one-shot the IS series you'll face by shooting directly beneath the turret ring.

You may encounter the German "Big Cat" tanks (Tiger H1, Tiger E, Panther D, Panther A) if you get seriously up tiered. In this case the best thing you can do is hit them from the side, which usually results in a one-shot. If facing a Tiger (or any German Big Cat for that matter) from the front, you should retreat. However, if his frontal plate is not angled, then it might be worth a shot to shoot between the machine gun port and driver's hatch, which will result in a one-shot. As for the panther, try to exploit the shot trap on the turret, but only as a last resort. Your first port of call should be to shoot the drive wheel, basically following the same tactics you'd use for dealing with a Sherman Jumbo.

As for some other enemies:

* [[Churchill VII]]: do not engage from the front at all. Sneak around to the side and shoot there.
* [[ARL-44]]: shoot the sides. It's not worth facing this tank head on, it's too much of a risk.
* [[ARL-44 (ACL-1)]]: aim for the turret if you face this tank from the front, then finish it from the sides. Be careful not to get shot.
* [[M6A1]]: the frontal armour on this thing can be a bit fiddly. Aim for a spot that doesn't seem to have more than one armour plate layered on it.

Most tanks you face can penetrate you frontally if they shoot your frontal plate when it is not angled. It is recommended to get the first shot off and then retreat, and make a second surprise attack. Most of the time, a penetration results in a one-shot with this tank. You can penetrate pretty much any medium or light tank frontally by shooting the upper front plate, so use that to your advantage.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful 75 mm cannon, good penetration and very low shell drop-off.
* A very powerful tank at 4.3, can tackle all foes at its BR bracket.
* Decent gun depression of -11°
* Ammo in the turret can be emptied by carrying 15 less ammo.
* Decent top armour, enough to resist strafing aircraft weapons.

'''Cons:'''

* Atrocious optics
* Armour is average and mostly flat and unangled, like the Panzer IV.
* The Chi-To is asymmetric and is a large tank, it is difficult to hide from enemies.
* Reload rate quite slow.
* Angling front armour can expose the 50 mm hull cheek armour.
* Very hard to turn on the spot, especially when stock.

== History ==

===Development===
The lackluster performance of Japanese tanks in World War II called for the development of newer medium tanks in the Imperial Japanese Army. The standard tank of the time was the [[Chi-Ha|Type 97 Chi-Ha]], which has its chassis used in many expedient models to provide a bigger gun for the Japanese inventory such as the [[Chi-Ha Kai|Chi-Ha Kai]], [[Chi-He|Type 1 Chi-He]], [[Ho-I|Type 2 Ho-I]], and [[Chi-Nu|Type 3 Chi-Nu]]. By the time of Chi-Nu, however, the Chi-Ha chassis was becoming outdated and so a new tank design using an improved chassis was needed for future development.<ref name="ZalogaJapaneseTank">Zaloga Steven. ''Japanese Tanks 1939-1945'' Great Britain: Osprey Publishing Ltd., 2007</ref>

In 1943, development started of the '''Chi-To''' tank, which features a new chassis and more powerful engine. Its armament is a 75 mm gun based off the Type 88 anti-aircraft gun, giving it a high-velocity weapon. Armour on the tank was welded and was quite thick in comparison to its predecessor at 75 mm thick. The tank was accepted for service in 1944 and was expected to enter mass production with 20 per month at Mitsubishi and 5 per month at Kobe-Seiko. In terms of Japanese armour development, the Chi-To was the most sophisticated tank to enter production levels.<ref name="ZalogaJapaneseTank" />

===War's End===
Despite its potential, the Type 4 Chi-To was never made in large numbers. At the war's end, only six chassis were made, with only two of those made into tanks.

The two Type 4 produced were cast into Lake Hamana between the 23 and the 28 August 1945 to avoid their capture. One was found by the U.S. occupation forces following Japan's surrender in World War II. The tank was then transported to Aberdeen Proving Grounds for tests and would eventually scrap them in October 1952.<ref name="MaiScrapping">Sun, Eun Ae. ''Chi-Ri & Chi-To: Aberdeen Tank Scrapping.'' YouTube, YouTube, 7 Aug. 2017, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4mkS8EodQbA Video]</ref>

The second tank is still believed to be at the bottom of the lake. A project to find it was launched in 2013 by SM@Pe, a group of people from Hamamatsu. Inhabitants, volunteers, divers and the Windy Network Corp ( a marine studies company from Tôkyô who founded a trainning plane of the Japanese imperial army in the lake Towada in 2010) participated to research, supported by the use of a sonar and testimonials, including former soldiers who allegedly participated in the launching operation. The research did not give anything.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=jp_type_4_chi_to Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]
{{Skin-gallery |market|ugcitem_1000270|Type 4 Chi-To Operation Ketsugо.png|Camo "Operation Ketsugо"}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://sensha-manual.blogspot.com/2021/09/type4.html <nowiki>[SENSHA Blog]</nowiki> Type 4 Medium Tank, 'Chi-To': The Last Tank of the Japanese Army]

===References===
<references />

{{TankManufacturer Mitsubishi}}
{{Japan medium tanks}}

VEAK 40

2024-06-17T18:50:21Z

U136146036: /* Armaments */ Minor edit, as the VEAK no longer has VT shells.

{{Specs-Card
|code=sw_veak_40
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|VEAK 40 main.png|VEAK 40 driving 3.png}}
}}

== Description ==

[[File:VEAK 40 vinter.png|350px|thumb|left|A {{PAGENAME}} keeping the skies clear over Northern Europe.]]
The '''{{PAGENAME}}''' was developed by the Swedish arms manufacturer Bofors by request of the Swedish army as a 1960s next generation Swedish SPAA following the 1940s limited production Lvkv fm/43 SPAA and failed 1950s [[Lvkv 42]] prototype SPAA. A single prototype based on the [[Strv 103 (Family)|Strv 103]] chassis was built and delivered for testing in 1964. The project was delayed at this point but testing commenced and the vehicle proved to be ahead of its time regarding armament and fire control system. This however made the vehicle too costly and in the end the project had to be scrapped due to resources going to the Swedish air force rather than the Swedish air defense. The name {{PAGENAME}} follows Bofors naming scheme, not the Swedish army's naming scheme. Its full historical Bofors-name was Bofors VEAK 40 X 60, VEAK indicating type (tracked vehicle with FC-radar and autocannons), 40 indicating calibre (40 mm) and 60 indicating year of design (1960).

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (English: "Wagon Fire-control AutoCannon 40"), or '''{{PAGENAME}}''' for short, was introduced in [[Update 1.97 "Viking Fury"]]. It's armed with two 40 mm Bofors L/70 autocannons (Swedish designation: [[lvakan m/48 (40 mm)|lvakan m/48]]) which each have a fire rate of 300 rounds per minute. It has mediocre mobility and subpar protection but does feature excellent vertical and horizontal traverse speed for the guns. It also comes equipped with a tracking and search radar that allows the player to find and track airborne targets within a 12 km radius.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

{| class="wikitable floatright"
|-
| [[File:Veak40external.png|centre|x250px]] || [[File:Veak40internal.png|centre|x250px]]
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | External armour on the {{PAGENAME}} || style="text-align: center;" | Internal armour on the {{PAGENAME}}
|-
|}
The frontal armour of the {{PAGENAME}} is roughly 15 mm thick all around with very limited sloping angles to back it up. The gun mantlet, roof of both hull and turret, as well as the back are 5 mm thick and vulnerable even to 40 mm HE, as well as 7.62 mm MG at flat angles.

Heavy machine guns can knock it out by firing at the turret from all directions. The turret is also very big and boxy and also houses all of the vehicles ammunition and crew, thus a shot there usually results in an ammo rack detonation.

The hull however is fairly empty of components and only houses the transmission and engine which are located in their own compartment, resulting in tons of empty space in the hull under the turret. There is also a small internal screen to protect the turret compartment from stray shots. Attack to the lower hull usually leaves the vehicle combat capable.

The radar is placed too high to let vehicle hide behind a hill line, but it can be turned off and hidden behind the SPAA to reduce probability of a hit.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Cupolas)
* Structural steel (Radar mast, Radar dish, Mud skirts, Suspension)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope°) !! Sides [Internal] (Slope°) !! Rear (Slope°) !! Roof (Slope°)
|-
| Hull || 5-15 mm (77°) ''Front glacis'' 15 mm (18-71°) ''Lower glasis'' || 5-15 mm [+5 mm] ''Upper sides'' 15 mm ''Lower sides'' || 15 mm ''Upper rear'' 15 mm (13°) ''Lower rear'' || 15 mm (90°) ''Roof'' 4 mm (29-77°) ''Mud skirts''
|-
| Turret || 15 mm (25°) ''Upper right sheek'' 15 mm ''Upper left sheek'' 15 mm (26°) ''Upper right front'' 15 mm (41°) ''Upper left front'' 15 mm (17°) ''Lower front'' || 5 mm (74°) ''Upper sides'' 15 mm ''Forward sides'' 5 mm ''Backward sides'' || 5 mm (73°) ''Upper rear'' 5 mm ''Lower rear'' || 5 mm ''Roof'' 15 mm (0-35°) ''Radar mast'' 15 mm (0-68°) ''Radar dish''
|-
| Cupola || 15 mm || 15 mm || 15 mm || 15 mm (44-83°) ''Cupola dome''
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels, tracks and torsion bars are 20 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=767|rbMinHp=478}}
[[File:VEAK 40 driving 1.png|thumb|450px|The '''{{PAGENAME}}''' moving through though thick snow.]]
The mobility of the {{PAGENAME}} is excellent. The vehicle is based on the chassis of the [[Strv 103A]] and features the same transmission and engine (although currently lacking turbine engine sound) while being 7.9 tons lighter. The engine gives out 540 hp in realistic when fully upgraded, giving this 29 ton vehicle a power to ton ratio of 18.62. This gives the tank great acceleration on shorter distances and allows it to effectively move around the battlefield like the average speedy light tank.

'''Mobility times on flat paved terrain (realistic)'''

*Time to 60 km/h (max effective) forward: > 25 s
*Time to 20 km/h forward: > 2 s
*Time to 18 km/h (max effective) reverse: > 2 s
*Time to rotate 360°: < 8 s

'''Mobility times on flat grass terrin (realistic)'''

*Time to 40 km/h (max effective) forward: < 11 s
*Time to 20 km/h forward: > 2 s
*Time to 18 km/h (max effective) reverse: > 2 s
*Time to rotate 360°: < 8 s

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
[[File:VEAK 40 firing.png|thumb|right|x300px|Two {{PAGENAME}} combating air targets.]]
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|lvakan m/48 (40 mm)}}
The {{PAGENAME}} uses two '''Bofors 40 mm anti-aircraft autocannon L/70''' guns, in Swedish service designated [[lvakan m/48 (40 mm)|40 mm lvakan m/48]]. These have extremely good stats in all regards. Excellent rate of fire, excellent velocity and excellent effect against both aircraft and tanks.

The downside compared to 35 mm counterparts is the questionable accuracy. It is also really easy to spend half of the ammunition without even noticing - each gun consumes a clip every 10 shots, but the UI presents it as 20 shots in the same box, which might be confusing. To avoid confusion, always divide current amount of clips by 2.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[lvakan m/48 (40 mm)|40 mm lvakan m/48]] (x2) || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 420 (10) || rowspan="2" | 300 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+85° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 74.9 || 103.6 || 125.8 || 139.1 || 148.0 || rowspan="2" | 0.65 || rowspan="2" | 0.58 || rowspan="2" | 0.53 || rowspan="2" | 0.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 50.6 || 59.5 || 72.2 || 79.9 || 85.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The ammunition of the {{PAGENAME}} is below average for its type. The penetration values even of the {{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}} ammunition is too low to penetrate any heavy tank, but it can penetrate lighter tanks through weak spots in the majority of situations.

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|SAPHEI|Semi armour-piercing high-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}
* '''slsgr m/36C:''' {{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|SAPHEI|Semi armour-piercing high-explosive incendiary}}
* '''slpprj m/42B:''' {{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}

{{:lvakan m/48 (40 mm)/Ammunition|SAPHEI, HEFI-T, AP}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''42''' || 30 ''(+12)'' || 11 ''(+31)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|ksp 58 (7.62 mm)}}
Beyond its main weaponry, the {{PAGENAME}} also features a cupola mounted 7,62 mm FN MAG machine gun, in Swedish service designated [[ksp 58 (7.62 mm)|7,62 mm ksp m/58B]]. This is extremely rare for SPAAs and makes it one of two SPAAs that has a secondary machine gun (the other one being the [[Lvkv 9040C]]). Due to the characteristics of its main weaponry there is rarely a need to use the secondary machine gun, but it can be used when suppressing ATGM carriers, not that the Bofors are unable to accomplish this.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[ksp 58 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm ksp 58]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 1,000 (250) || 600 || -10°/+50° || ±120°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==
[[File:VEAK 40 driving 2.png|thumb|right|450px|Two {{PAGENAME}} driving in a convoy.]]

The {{PAGENAME}} is a fairly basic tier 5 SPAA. It has a radar and anti air guns that can take out any aircraft within 3 km. The guns also has fairly high penetration on its armour-piercing ammo and will easily take out lightly armoured vehicles in the front and the majority of vehicles in the side. Its protection is more or less non-existent and the {{PAGENAME}} can even be dealt with using regular low-calibre machine guns.

When playing the {{PAGENAME}} it is best to stay in spawn and shoot at incoming aircraft, or using the great mobility to follow team-mates into battle and support them with suppressive fire and anti-aircraft support. If there are no aircraft to shoot at then it is viable to cruise around the map at high speeds and hunt lightly armored targets and capture points.

Due to the large profile of the turret there are rarely options for hiding behind cover and thus it is best to play aggressively and using your high speed, stabilized guns and high fire rate to defeat enemy tanks. The radar mast retracts behind the turret like on a lot of other radar SPAAs when turned off, allowing you to become slightly less visible. Turning it off may be a good choice, if you are not looking to be spotted as easily if you believe enemies may be nearby.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Twin 40 mm lvakan m/48 cannons are very effective against air units
* Has a lot of meaningful options for ammo belts:
** Has SAPHEI/HE belt like the early Swedish SPAA to obliterate poorly armoured vehicles and exploit weak spots
** AP belt has 3/1 composition and can penetrate medium battle tanks hulls from the side with some effort given
* Has a pintle-mounted machine gun for maximum suppressing fire, unlike other SPAA
* Radar is a Combined Search and Tracking radar, can track targets through a full 360°, will not randomly alert other aircraft while focusing on one
* Radar folds back when turned off, reducing profile

'''Cons:'''

* Inaccurate
* Both guns use the same belts, meaning ammo will run out twice as fast than what UI tries to convey
* Very easy to destroy since all the ammo and the crew are located in the turret
* The turret's armour is very thin (only 5 mm covering mantlet, roof and sides)
** Can be taken out by even rifle-calibre machine guns
* Radar has poor range, compared to others of its type, prone to collisions when fighting multiple aircraft in close proximity
* Can be easily spotted due to a large turret profile and tall radar mast
* Engine is very loud, can easily give away your position while moving
* Not as versatile as the ItPsV 90, with its poor silhouette, speed, and AP options it generally ends up being used solely as AA

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=sw_veak_40 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[M247]]
* [[AMX-30 DCA]]

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{TankManufacturer AB Bofors}}
{{Sweden anti-aircraft vehicles}}

User:U136146036

2024-05-26T19:45:57Z

U136146036: Added a little bio.

I spend my time here making irrelevant and pointless edits such as adding more cons to a vehicle, fixing minor grammatical errors, revising incorrect information, removing biased additions to pages and creating biased additions of my own.

Hunter F.58 (Germany)

2024-05-26T19:14:12Z

U136146036: /* Pros and cons */ Minor grammatical revision.

{{About
|about = squadron jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage = other versions
|link = Hunter (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=hunter_f58_switzerland
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' with a tail number of J-4020, was one of the Hawker Hunters in Swiss Air Force service and a member of the ''Patrouille Suisse'' ("Swiss Patrol") Aerobatic Team. This aircraft with factory code 41H-691768 was first flown on 4th February 1958, and subsequently joined the Swiss Air Force during the 1960s alongside another 87 F.58 (exported [[Hunter F.6|F.6]]). These jets were further upgraded under the KAWEST (Kampfwertsteigerung; Increased Operational Performance) in 1964 with RWR, an ECM pod, and chaff dispensers,as well as capabilities to launch AIM-9 and AGM-65B, turning it into a multi-role fighter for the Swiss until they were replaced by the [[F-5E]]. The remaining fleet of Hunters with the special livery of the ''Patrouille Suisse'' eventually retired in 1994 and the jet represented in-game is currently displayed at the northern corner of Dübendorf Airfield on the outskirts of Zurich.

The jet was introduced in [[Update "Sky Guardians"]] as a squadron vehicle in the German aviation tech tree and introduced Switzerland into the game. Unlike the [[Hunter FGA.9|FGA.9]] or [[Hunter F.6|F.6]] in the British tech tree, the F.58 has access to more advanced missile options including the AIM-9P and AGM-65B, as well as RWR and countermeasures to fend against enemy acquisition. Although it will face more advanced supersonic jets which sometimes have radar-guided missiles or all-aspect AAMs, if picking enemies which has depleted their energy or lacking situation awareness, the ADEN autocannons and missiles will make very short work of them, while the Hunter can fly away from the battlefield with its good energy retention and countermeasures onboard.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Hunter F.58 performs similar to other Hunters, particularly the [[Hunter FGA.9]], as they host the same Rolls-Royce Avon Mk.207 powerplant. As with most other Hunters, the F.58 handles poorly at low speeds, thus, turning and rate fighting is not advised. However, thanks to a decent acceleration, the Hunter can reach speeds exceeding 800 km/h. The Hunter at higher speeds possess quite a decent turn rate, able to maintain 9-10 Gs. Coupled with the excellent energy retention of this aircraft, the Hunter F.58 can be a formidable aircraft in the hands of a competent pilot.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,138 || 1,132 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.5 || 26.3 || 53.3 || 46.2 || rowspan="2" | 820
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,158 || 1,148 || 24.6 || 25.0 || 88.5 || 69.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X ||✓
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,225  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 603 || 581 || 465 || ~14 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 850 || < 600 || < 690 || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="3" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="1" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full internal fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Rolls-Royce Avon Mk.207 || 1
| colspan="1" | 6,209 kg || colspan="2" | 240 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="2" | Mass with internal fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 3m fuel || 13m fuel
|-
| 1,175 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 6,620 kg || 7,578 kg || 10,216 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="3" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 3m fuel || 13m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 4,272 kgf || -
| 0.65 || 0.56 || 0.42
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 5,229 kgf (1,225 km/h) || -
| 0.79 || 0.69 || 0.51
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

Like other Hunter variants, the Hunter F.58 has quite a survivable airframe. Being able to withstand hits from medium-calibre cannon fire, even being able to withstand hits to critical components such as the wings, engine, etc. However, like most other aircraft, the Hunter is not a bunker. Large-calibre cannons like ADENs will easily tear your plane apart.

The Hunter, like all other variants, feature only a 64 mm bullet proof glass in front of the pilot, with a 12.7 mm steel plate behind the pilot.

This Hunter, however, unlike any other Hunter variant, features 60 countermeasures for use against guided munitions.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs) !! Lead indicator
|-
| {{Cross}} || {{Cross}} || {{Cross}} || {{Tick}} || {{Cross}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|ADEN (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 30 mm ADEN cannons, chin-mounted (150 rpg = 600 total)
* 60 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="4%" | 1 !! width="4%" | 2 !! width="4%" | 3 !! width="4%" | 4 !! width="4%" | 5 !! width="4%" | 6 !! width="4%" | 7 !! width="4%" | 8 !! width="4%" | 9 !! width="4%" | 10 !! width="4%" | 11 !! width="4%" | 12
| rowspan="10" width="25%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! [[Sprengbombe (200 kg)|200 kg Sprengbombe]] bombs
| || 1, 2* || || || || || || || || || 1, 2* ||
|-
! [[Sprengbombe (400 kg)|400 kg Sprengbombe]] bombs
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Sprengbombe 68/70 (450 kg)|450 kg Sprengbombe 68/70]] bombs
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[FeBb Napalmbombe incendiary]] bombs
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Flz.-Rakete Oerlikon]] rockets
| 2* || || 2 || 2 || || 4 || 4 || || 2 || 2 || || 2*
|-
! [[Flz Lwf 63/80]] missiles
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Flz Lwf LB 82]] missiles
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! 150 gal drop tanks
| || || || || 1 || || || 1 || || || ||
|-
| colspan="13" | Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 500 kg
|-
| colspan="14" | * Dual bombs on hardpoints 2/11 cannot be equipped in conjunction with rockets on hardpoints 1/12 respectively
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* 2 x 150 gal drop tanks
* 2 x Flz Lwf 63/80 missiles
* 4 x 200 kg Sprengbombe bombs (800 kg total)
* 2 x FeBb Napalmbombe incendiary bombs
* 2 x 400 kg Sprengbombe bombs (800 kg total)
* 2 x 450 kg Sprengbombe 68/70 bombs (900 kg total)
* 20 x Flz.-Rakete Oerlikon rockets
* 2 x Flz Lwf LB 82 missiles
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==

The Hunter F.58 is a transonic aircraft in level flight but can reach supersonic speed in a dive (but rated at exactly M1.0 before structural failure). That means that it is faster than other subsonic aircraft (one of the fastest subsonic jet, just behind the duo "Jump-jet": [[Yak-38M]] and [[AV-8C|US Harriers]]) it will face, but slower than early supersonic aircraft like the [[F-100D]] and the [[MiG-19PT]]. Thanks to the upgrades by Swiss in 1964, the F.58 received more self-defense equipment such as all-aspect RWR and 60 countermeasures onboard - it can be said that the jet is old but not obsolete.

==== Air - the Swiss Patrol ====
A thumb of rule for jet fighters is that: always maintain your energy for any situation. Thanks to its excellent design and sufficiently high engine power for such a huge jet, the energy retention is almost an order of magnitude higher than supersonic aircraft, which bleed speed in sharp turns, this can be both a blessing and a curse, when in a prolonged turning engagement, your energy retention advantage will allow you to pull away from a supersonic at the end of a turn; however, a plane such as the F-100D can trade its AoA with its speed to stay on your tail. In many situations, when you have a supersonic on your tail, making them overshoot is very difficult, but if you can, the [[Flz Lwf 63/80]] will make short work of them as finishing them off from afar is always better than being forced into a dogfight (where most subsonic fighters don't have countermeasures). When facing subsonic aircraft, simply outrun them with your superior speed and gain sufficient distance for a return; try not to engage in a turnfight with subsonic aircraft such as MiGs (15 and 17, both Russian and Chinese variants) and late variants of the F-86 Sabre (starting from F-86F-25 which feature slats; while F-86K or Canadair Sabres have better engine to keep up with Hunter), as they are often able to best you in a dogfight, especially at low speeds, where the Hunter really shows its weaknesses - its huge size and worse manoeuvrability at such speed. The plane, under most circumstances, does not rip it's wings, even under extended, high G turns; although if you combine a 9-10 G turn and roll or yaw, the plane can rip. Unlike some other planes, you have almost no chance of making it back to the airfield with a broken wing. This Hunter also has access to the Flz Lwf 63/80 air-to-air missiles, which work as [[AIM-9P Sidewinder]]; for players who have been used to AIM-9E or SRAAM on other Hunters, the 63/80 can make sure careless players who don't check their 6 o'clock meet their end quickly.

Another note for the Hunter is that, thanks to the upgrades mentioned before, players can now more confident when facing later supersonic jets with SARH missiles like F-4C or MiG-21S. This will also be the good time to learn about the characteristics of SARH missiles - with up to 60 chaffs available, flying sideways and dive for terrain while dispensing chaffs can make sure enemy SARH missiles will likely uncage from yourself.

==== Ground - the Lesser Ground-pounder ====
While Swiss purchased the F.58 variant which was based on the F.6 with ground-attack capabilities, likely due to the revised avionics onboard or the need for drop tanks, the payload options is in fact relatively less than his Commonwealth cousins: only the outer-board pylon could carry bombs, unguided rockets and the [[Flz Lwf LB 82]] (AGM-65B) missiles. Although there are alternatives with more payload such as [[F-84F (Germany)|F-84F]] or with more AGMs like [[G.91 R/3 (Germany)|G.91 R/3]], if players insist to bring out Hunter, the varieties of bombs ranging from 200 to 450 kg, as well as unguided rockets and napalms can still make sure it can score some victories at cleared skies (cleared from SPAAs or enemy interceptors); due to the lack of ballistic computer, players will still have to learn the trajectory of different payloads in test flights. As mentioned before, what makes F.58 stand out is the LB 82 missiles, players of USAF tree will be happy to learn that it is the other name of AGM-65B Maverick but under Swiss designation; this also makes it the second-earliest jet to equip the Maverick stand-off missiles (after [[Ayit|Israel's 9.3 Ayit]] with AGM-65A's) against high-threat targets such as Soviet MBTs or SPAA with missile systems onboard. Be sure to utilize the upgraded avionics for better situational awareness from different threats - the speed of the Hunter is still valuable even at its tier with supersonic jets.

=== Pros and cons ===
'''Pros:'''

* Sufficient ammo pool to take down multiple targets
* One of the fastest subsonic jets, retains decent manoeuvrability at higher speeds
* Good energy retention for energy fights against subsonic or early supersonic jets
* Access to more advanced missiles for both A2A/A2G missions
* Advanced avionics over all its Hunter cousins
** All-aspect RWR for situational awareness
** Flares/chaff to help counter those types of missiles

'''Cons:'''

* Huge target, can be easy prey to enemy gunfire
* Not manoeuvrable below 600 km/h
* Relatively limited payload options due to pylon layouts
* Due to its updated avionics, it will face off against supersonic jets often, which renders the Hunter's subsonic capabilities futile

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=hunter_f58_switzerland Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="200">
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper001.jpg
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper002.jpg
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper003.jpg
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper004.jpg
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper005.jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|WgmbLGEVWGg|'''The Shooting Range #352''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:23 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|IHFTE_5EtH8|'''And The Best Hunter Award Goes To.... Germany - Hunter F.58 -Sky Guardians''' - ''DEFYN''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Hunter (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8142-development-squadron-vehicles-hunter-f-58-en|[Devblog] Squadron vehicles: Hunter F.58]]

{{AirManufacturer Hawker}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}
{{Squadron aircraft}}

C. 205 serie 1

2024-05-26T18:19:20Z

U136146036: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = Italian fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = C.205 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=mc-205_serie1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

After the entry of the C.202 into service in 1941, the Regia Aeronautica was already beginning to look for new possibilities for a new generation of fighters requiring better engine power and high performance so that they could change armament. With the Germans' permission to build the DB605A engine in Italy, two development paths were created, one leading to the C.205N 'Orione' programme and the other to the C.202Bis. On 16 December 1941, the first aircraft of the former type, which would later be renamed C.205 V, were built by Macchi with 100 units of the 1st series armed with two 12.7 mm and two 7.7 mm, later by FIAT with 300 units of the 2nd series. The aircraft would fly for the first time on April 19, 1942, then be put into service in February 1943, after which it would participate in several battles, for the most part to defend Italian airspace from enemy aircraft. Even after the armistice, it would still be used by both the Italy Co-belligerent forces and that of the RSI.

The C.205 serie 1 was introduced in [[Update 1.69 "Regia Aeronautica"]] along with the initial Italian aviation tree. It is a fighter with a great balance of manoeuvrability and speed, it can fight both in turn fights and energy fights, using combat flaps to turn a little tighter while in combat. However, it has relatively poor armament consisting of two 12.7 mm and two 7.7 mm machine guns for which you will have to shoot many shots at the enemy aircraft. The aircraft's survivability is also rather poor, as many opponents at the battle rating will have hard-hitting cannons that can easily send you back to the hangar.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The C.205 is an excellent climbing aircraft, with a fairly good top speed and roll rate. It does not rip easily or compress, and remains fairly responsive at all speeds.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 7,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 659 || 641 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 19.0 || 19.7 || 16.8 || 16.8 || rowspan="2" | 250
|-
! Upgraded
| 710 || 683 || 17.0 || 18.0 || 25.0 || 20.4
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 845  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 535 || 450 || 260 || ~14 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 400 || < 270 || < 550 || > 380
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


;Protection

* 8 mm Steel - Armoured plate behind the pilot
* 50 mm Bulletproof glass - Armoured windscreen
* Self-sealing fuel tanks x 4

;Vulnerabilities

* Critical components located at the front of aircraft (pilot, engine, control systems)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Breda-SAFAT (12.7 mm)|Breda-SAFAT (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 12.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine guns, nose-mounted (400 rpg = 800 total)
* 2 x 7.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine guns, wing-mounted (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==


The C.205 Serie 1 is perhaps the most underrated rank III Italian fighter, most likely due to the underpowered armament which consists of 2 x 12.7 mm and 2 x 7.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine guns. This can be a serious problem since this fighter is Boom & Zoom fighter, meaning even a successful pass will badly cripple the target instead destroying it. Therefore, stick with teammates in order to support them. The C.205 Serie 1 works well when escorting bombers.

This fighter can climb fast for its rank and battle rating, thanks to DB 605-A which was installed in Bf 109 G-2, even in stock. The {{PAGENAME}} could climb up to 5,000 m in to seek enemy planes, but higher than 6,000-7,000 m is recommended for safest altitude. Use this advantage when retaining energy, to outrun enemies or gain altitude if the first pass failed and make up the second pass. Although the engine provides considerable manoeuvrability, one should not do excess dogfighting toward the target, as it will burn up energy faster. Never attempt to make contact with manoeuvrable fighters, like Spitfires and Yaks, especially at low altitude. Call teammates, then gain some altitude until the enemy cannot pursue. Use this chance to make a counter-attack and destroy the enemy. One thing to note, this plane's propeller pitch can be tweaked to the maximum value without blowing the engine, unlike all Bf 109s with the same engine when using manual engine control.

When in stock, the armament leaves much to be desired: low velocity and ball ammunition limit the effectiveness of the weapon. Never attempt to head-on by any means; chances are the opponent's bullets will reach the C.205 before its own. One thing should be noted: while the C.205 has a powerful engine at its battle rating, never intercept bombers without teammates, especially when down-tiered. However, these machine guns prove quite effective against dive-bombers or low-flying bombers. Try to aim for the wings or the engine(s) for a desirable hit. Adjust the machine gun convergence to 250-300 m for the most effectiveness. It is recommended to load Air Targets or Universal belts for the 12.7 mm machine guns, along with Stealth belts for the 7.7 mm machine guns.

Overall, {{PAGENAME}} is a support Boom & Zoom fighter with good climb rate, reasonably fast for its battle rating. While being overshadowed by underperformed armament among all the fighters, in the hands of a skilled player this fighter became a bane among all the enemy fighters and even to bombers.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Arguably fast and nimble against any opponents at its battle rating, thanks to the engine from Bf 109 G-2
* Tweaking the propeller pitch in MEC will not blow the engine, unlike the Bf series with the same engine
* Excellent energy retention and roll rate
* Reasonable climb rate
* Excellent high altitude performance
* Good straight-line acceleration

'''Cons:'''

* Inadequate armament at its tier, shots tend to only cripple your enemies instead destroy it
* Hard to control during low speed and altitude
* Any damage severely degrades aircraft functionality
* Terrible stall characteristics, effectively incapable of performing a vertical loop and will enter an immediate unrecoverable flatspin

== History ==

The last Italian fighters of the war (the Serie 5, or "third-generation") all used the new German Daimler Benz 605 engine, putting them on a par with the best mid-war aircraft. The M.C. 205 was the only one of the Serie 5's to see much service with the Italian air force. The prototype, based on the M.C. 202, first flew in April 1942. The added power allowed it to become the first Italian aircraft with cannon armament in the wings. It was considered extremely manoeuvrable at middle and low altitudes. About 200 were built and delivered starting in October 1942, seeing combat service in the Mediterranean and Sicily the next year. Another 112 were built after the armistice and delivered to Fascist Italian forces, who used the plane until summer, 1944. Others continued on in Allied use and after the war remained in service as combat fighters until 1947.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=mc-205_serie1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|DwbexTKZA-A|'''The Shooting Range #49''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 07:02 discusses the C.205.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/365070-macchi-c205-serie-1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Macchi}}
{{Italy fighters}}

C. 205 serie 1

2024-05-26T18:17:42Z

U136146036: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = Italian fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = C.205 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=mc-205_serie1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

After the entry of the C.202 into service in 1941, the Regia Aeronautica was already beginning to look for new possibilities for a new generation of fighters requiring better engine power and high performance so that they could change armament. With the Germans' permission to build the DB605A engine in Italy, two development paths were created, one leading to the C.205N 'Orione' programme and the other to the C.202Bis. On 16 December 1941, the first aircraft of the former type, which would later be renamed C.205 V, were built by Macchi with 100 units of the 1st series armed with two 12.7 mm and two 7.7 mm, later by FIAT with 300 units of the 2nd series. The aircraft would fly for the first time on April 19, 1942, then be put into service in February 1943, after which it would participate in several battles, for the most part to defend Italian airspace from enemy aircraft. Even after the armistice, it would still be used by both the Italy Co-belligerent forces and that of the RSI.

The C.205 serie 1 was introduced in [[Update 1.69 "Regia Aeronautica"]] along with the initial Italian aviation tree. It is a fighter with a great balance of manoeuvrability and speed, it can fight both in turn fights and energy fights, using combat flaps to turn a little tighter while in combat. However, it has relatively poor armament consisting of two 12.7 mm and two 7.7 mm machine guns for which you will have to shoot many shots at the enemy aircraft. The aircraft's survivability is also rather poor, as many opponents at the battle rating will have hard-hitting cannons that can easily send you back to the hangar.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The C.205 is an excellent climbing aircraft, with a fairly good top speed and roll rate. It does not rip easily or compress, and remains fairly responsive at all speeds.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 7,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 659 || 641 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 19.0 || 19.7 || 16.8 || 16.8 || rowspan="2" | 250
|-
! Upgraded
| 710 || 683 || 17.0 || 18.0 || 25.0 || 20.4
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 845  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 535 || 450 || 260 || ~14 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 400 || < 270 || < 550 || > 380
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


;Protection

* 8 mm Steel - Armoured plate behind the pilot
* 50 mm Bulletproof glass - Armoured windscreen
* Self-sealing fuel tanks x 4

;Vulnerabilities

* Critical components located at the front of aircraft (pilot, engine, control systems)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Breda-SAFAT (12.7 mm)|Breda-SAFAT (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 12.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine guns, nose-mounted (400 rpg = 800 total)
* 2 x 7.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine guns, wing-mounted (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==


The C.205 Serie 1 is perhaps the most underrated rank III Italian fighter, most likely due to the underpowered armament which consists of 2 x 12.7 mm and 2 x 7.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine guns. This can be a serious problem since this fighter is Boom & Zoom fighter, meaning even a successful pass will badly cripple the target instead destroying it. Therefore, stick with teammates in order to support them. The C.205 Serie 1 works well when escorting bombers.

This fighter can climb fast for its rank and battle rating, thanks to DB 605-A which was installed in Bf 109 G-2, even in stock. The {{PAGENAME}} could climb up to 5,000 m in to seek enemy planes, but higher than 6,000-7,000 m is recommended for safest altitude. Use this advantage when retaining energy, to outrun enemies or gain altitude if the first pass failed and make up the second pass. Although the engine provides considerable manoeuvrability, one should not do excess dogfighting toward the target, as it will burn up energy faster. Never attempt to make contact with manoeuvrable fighters, like Spitfires and Yaks, especially at low altitude. Call teammates, then gain some altitude until the enemy cannot pursue. Use this chance to make a counter-attack and destroy the enemy. One thing to note, this plane's propeller pitch can be tweaked to the maximum value without blowing the engine, unlike all Bf 109s with the same engine when using manual engine control.

When in stock, the armament leaves much to be desired: low velocity and ball ammunition limit the effectiveness of the weapon. Never attempt to head-on by any means; chances are the opponent's bullets will reach the C.205 before its own. One thing should be noted: while the C.205 has a powerful engine at its battle rating, never intercept bombers without teammates, especially when down-tiered. However, these machine guns prove quite effective against dive-bombers or low-flying bombers. Try to aim for the wings or the engine(s) for a desirable hit. Adjust the machine gun convergence to 250-300 m for the most effectiveness. It is recommended to load Air Targets or Universal belts for the 12.7 mm machine guns, along with Stealth belts for the 7.7 mm machine guns.

Overall, {{PAGENAME}} is a support Boom & Zoom fighter with good climb rate, reasonably fast for its battle rating. While being overshadowed by underperformed armament among all the fighters, in the hands of a skilled player this fighter became a bane among all the enemy fighters and even to bombers.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Arguably fast and nimble against any opponents at its battle rating, thanks to the engine from Bf 109 G-2
* Tweaking the propeller pitch in MEC will not blow the engine, unlike the Bf series with the same engine
* Excellent energy retention and roll rate
* Reasonable climb rate
* Excellent high altitude performance
* Good straight-line acceleration

'''Cons:'''

* Inadequate armament at its tier, shots tend to only cripple your enemies instead destroy it
* Hard to control during low speed and altitude
* Any damage severely degrades aircraft functionality
* Terrible stall characteristics, effectively incapable of performing a loop and will enter an immediate unrecoverable flatspin

== History ==

The last Italian fighters of the war (the Serie 5, or "third-generation") all used the new German Daimler Benz 605 engine, putting them on a par with the best mid-war aircraft. The M.C. 205 was the only one of the Serie 5's to see much service with the Italian air force. The prototype, based on the M.C. 202, first flew in April 1942. The added power allowed it to become the first Italian aircraft with cannon armament in the wings. It was considered extremely manoeuvrable at middle and low altitudes. About 200 were built and delivered starting in October 1942, seeing combat service in the Mediterranean and Sicily the next year. Another 112 were built after the armistice and delivered to Fascist Italian forces, who used the plane until summer, 1944. Others continued on in Allied use and after the war remained in service as combat fighters until 1947.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=mc-205_serie1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|DwbexTKZA-A|'''The Shooting Range #49''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 07:02 discusses the C.205.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/365070-macchi-c205-serie-1/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Macchi}}
{{Italy fighters}}

P40

2024-05-17T20:32:25Z

U136146036: /* Ammo racks */

{{About
|about=Italian medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|other
|usage-1 = other uses
|link-1 = P40 (Disambiguation)
|usage-2 = the premium version
|link-2 = P40 "G.C. Leoncello"
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=it_p_40
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

During the war in Africa, the Italians found that their medium and light tanks had a lack of armour and insufficient firepower against the Allied tanks. At the beginning of 1940, they began work on a project for a heavy infantry support tank, which was to fight alongside the medium tanks. The project was initially designated as the P75 for its 75/18 mm cannon, which was later changed to a longer 75/32 gun and finally a 75/34 cannon with better anti-tank capabilities. The initial design derived from the contemporary M13/40 tank, but was later revised with sloped armour plate<ref>"I mezzi blindo-Corazzati Italiani 1923-1943", Nicola Pignato, Storia Militare, Albertelli Edizioni Speciali, Italy, 2007, pp 84-88</ref><ref>"Atlante mondiale dei mezzi corazzati, I carri dell'Asse", Nicola Pignato, Ermanno Albertelli Editore, Italy, 1983, p 64</ref>; eventually the vehicle that came out was the P26/40, a heavy tank by Italian army guidelines due to its weight of 26 tons, and the number 40 for the year of design. The vehicle would only see the battlefield in 1943, of which only 5 would be produced before the armistice and in turn would be captured by the Germans, who would produce a hundred more tanks, many of which were used as fixed emplacements without engine.

Introduced along with the initial Italian ground tree in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]], the P40 proves to be a balanced vehicle between armament, armour, and mobility: between the APCBC and HEAT shells, it is able to penetrate almost every tank it will meet; the mobility is neither too good nor too bad; and the vehicle can take some damage without problems.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Structural steel

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 50 mm (45°), 30 mm (78°), 45 mm (45°) ''Front glacis'' 50 mm (38°) ''Lower glacis'' 74 mm (45°) ''Driver's hatch'' || 45 mm (35°) ''Top'' 40 mm ''Bottom'' || 40 mm ''Fighting compartment rear'' 40 mm (10-40°) || 45 mm ''Front'' 15 mm ''Rear''
|-
| Turret || 50 mm (20°) ''Turret front'' 48 + 48 mm (1-78°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 45 mm (25-26°) || 45 mm ''Top'' 23 + 50 + 45 mm ''Turret bustle'' || 20 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick, bogies are 10 mm thick, and tracks are 20 mm thick.
* 4 mm side skirts line up parts of the bottom side hull.
* Belly armour is 14 mm thick.

Its protection is enough for most medium-ranged engagements but is able to be easily penetrated by most guns at close range. The front plate is a 50 mm plate sloped at 45° allowing for 65-67 mm of total protection, and the drivers hatch on the left side is 76 mm also sloped at 45° allowing for nearly 100 mm of protection. Most shots to the upper glacis won't penetrate thanks to the radical sloping angle of the plate offering 95 mm of armour, but it is possible for it to deflect a shot into the UFP. The gun mantlet is very well protected, with two rounded plates, which each offer roughly 50 mm of protection, stacked on top of each other allowing for a total of 100 mm. Be wary that the turret is a very vulnerable spot due to the nearly flat plate that only has 50 mm of armour.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=511|rbMinHp=292}}

Mobility is below average for the rank but is faster than some common tanks like the early Sherman's and Chi-Nu. However, almost every other tank in the rank will easily outrun the {{PAGENAME}} (such as the early T-34s, [[Cromwell (Family)|Cromwells]], [[Pz.III M|Pz.III]] and the [[Pz.IV F2]]). The tank's off road speed is quite good, able to reach 43 km/h (27 mph) on dirt and get to that speed quite quickly. The hull traverse is also very good and the tank is very responsive while in motion, allowing for a very mobile playstyle.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Ansaldo 75 L/34 (75 mm)}}

The P40 is armed with a Ansaldo 75 L/34, able to carry a total of 63 shells. combining a decent reload with flexible munitions. The P40 has access to a 75 mm APHE round with 79 mm of penetration and a HEAT round with 100 mm of penetration. It is worth noting, either ammunition is usable, but a mix is preferable. Most enemies will easily fall prey to the APHE round, but T-34s, M4 Shermans, and KV-1s, are all enemies that require heavier hitting rounds, like the HEAT round. Note turret rotation is mediocre, and traversing the hull is necessary during close range engagements. The average round velocity will make longer-range combat difficult and the penetration drop off of the APHE round becomes quite noticeable.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Ansaldo 75 L/34 (75 mm)|75 mm Ansaldo 75 L/34]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 63 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+23° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 13.3 || 18.4 || 22.4 || 24.8 || 26.4 || rowspan="2" | 6.50 || rowspan="2" | 5.75 || rowspan="2" | 5.30 || rowspan="2" | 5.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.3 || 9.8 || 11.9 || 13.2 || 14.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Ansaldo 75 L/34 (75 mm)/Ammunition|Granata Perforante 75/32, EPS M42, Granata 75/32}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks P40 "G.C. Leoncello".png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''63''' || 58 ''(+5)'' || 53 ''(+10)'' || 48 ''(+15)'' || 42 ''(+20)'' || 22 ''(+41)'' || 1 ''(+62)'' || No
|-
|}

Sponsons empty: 43 ''(+20)''

Racks 6 and 5 are effectively the same rack. Shells are depleted every 3 shots.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|Breda Mod. 38 (8 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Breda Mod. 38 (8 mm)|8 mm Breda Mod. 38]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 288 (24) || 600 || -10°/+20° || N/A
|-
| Coaxial || 288 (24) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The P40 is a tank that excels in medium-ranged engagements thanks to its decent armour and adequate gun. Due to the relatively small size and good mobility, it can, however, be played as an ambush tank that can sneak around and plant a shot in the enemy's sides, allowing for an easy elimination because of the large explosive filler in the APCBC shell. Be wary that while the tank's armour may protect against many lower-rank cannons, cannons at equivalent BR (Namely the Pz.IV's long-barrelled cannon) are easily capable of destroying the tank.

Players in the P40 should always be with teammates, as the P40 is easy prey when separated from its team. Stick with the heavier tanks such as the KV-1's, Churchill's and Matilda's, as they can soak up shots and draw attention away from the weak little P40, allowing the player to sneak around and hit a few tanks. If there are no heavy tanks, the P40's best bet is to support a Sherman or Pz.IV, as both of them can deal with enemies that the P40 can't.

=== Specific enemies worth noting: ===

* [[KV-1 (L-11)]]/[[KV-1S]]. These Russian heavy beasts are incredibly difficult for the P40 to deal with, as their armour is able to shrug off even the EPS M42 HEAT round and they mount guns able to punch through it frontally. Your best bet to destroy them solo is by taking out their guns and burn them out by shooting their engine, but if the P40 is accompanied by a tank with a stronger gun such as the long-barrelled [[Pz.IV]]'s, the engagement will become significantly easier. When accompanied by teammates, take out their gun and tracks in order to ensure a teammate secures the kill.
* [[Matilda III]]. The British Matilda tank is the most common enemy the P40 will face, and boasts excellent all-around protection comparable to the previously mentioned KV-1's and an excellent crew layout. It's worth mentioning that its complex side armour is able to thwart the EPS round when not aimed carefully, and has a habit of absorbing shells in general. It is however not without its downfalls, as its main gun has very low penetration across all of its shell selections, with the highest penetrating shell still being unable to penetrate a well-angled P40 at 300 meters out, and it being incredibly slow. Your EPS shell can penetrate the turret sides at most ranges and will take out all 3 crew members in the turret when aimed carefully.

=== Pros and cons ===

[[File:Radar chart P40.png|thumb|P40's medium tank abilities chart]]

'''Pros:'''

* Decent frontal armour
* The gun possesses satisfactory performance at its rank
* Has access to HEAT shells with 100 mm of penetration
* Stock shell has a lot of explosive filler, making one-shot very common
* Relatively small for a medium tank
* Very good in medium-ranged performance
* Relatively consistent armour protection all around the tank ~ good for angling

'''Cons:'''

* Overall penetration is not that great
* Pitifully low ammo count for each machine gun belt
* Armour can still be penetrated by a few enemies of rank II, most notably by the long-barreled Panzer IVs
* Breda Mod. 38's have a very low magazine count
* Lower than the average speed
* Mediocre turret traverse
* Smoke shells deploy behind the tank

== History ==

[[File:P40 at Army parade.jpg|thumb|P26/40 at an Italian Army parade in 2011]]
The Carro Pesante P26/40 was Italy's heaviest and most modern tank that saw service in the war. Despite only weighing 26 tonnes, which is significantly less than almost every other country's medium tanks, it was classed as a heavy tank due to Italy's tank design doctrine. In early 1940, the Italians started working on a 25 tonne "heavy" infantry support tank that was intended to fight alongside the "M" class medium tanks.<ref>"I mezzi blindo-Corazzati Italiani 1923-1943", Nicola Pignato, Storia Militare, Albertelli Edizioni Speciali, Italy, 2007, pp 84-85</ref> The recent Africa campaign showed the massive problems the Italian tanks in production had, namely a lack of armour and insufficient firepower, prompting the army to make some changes. The initial design of 1941 was based around the same scheme of the M13/40 medium tank and saw the use of a short barreled 75/18 howitzer in turret, two machineguns in the hull and the use of vertical armour plates. With the capture of one the early T-34/76, showed by the Germans, the P26/40 was completely revised with sloped plates and a longer 75/34 gun.<ref>"I mezzi blindo-Corazzati Italiani 1923-1943", Nicola Pignato, Storia Militare, Albertelli Edizioni Speciali, Italy, 2007, pp 86</ref> The vehicle was adopted in late 1942 and was named "P26/40", 26 for the weight and 40 for the year it was designed, later semplified in P40 following a new denomination policy after august 1942.<ref>"Atlante mondiale dei mezzi corazzati, I carri dell'Asse", Nicola Pignato, Ermanno Albertelli Editore, Italy, 1983, p 10</ref> While surely better than previous italian tanks, the P40 was only comparable to mid-war allied and soviet medium tanks, such as M4s, Cromwells or T-34/76s, but was still outdated regarding its mobility, the riveted armour and the use of a smaller two-men turret.<ref>"Corazzati 1939/1945", Nicola Pignato, Ermanno Albertelli Editore, Italy, 1974, pp 91-92</ref><ref>"Carri armati nel deserto", Valerio Naglieri, Ermanno Albertelli Editore, Italy, 1972, p 125</ref> The Italian Army considered the use of heavier, but never realized, P43 and P43 bis or the license production of the german Panther even before the service of the P26/40.<ref>"Atlante mondiale dei mezzi corazzati, I carri dell'Asse", Nicola Pignato, Ermanno Albertelli Editore, Italy, 1983, p 66</ref>

Before the Italian Armistice of the 8 September 1943, the Carro Pesante P26/40's was produced in only a few units, between 1 and 5 pre-production vehicles, that were taken by the Wehrmacht as the Italian Army surrendered. The Germans continued production and built around a hundred tanks but due to the low rate of production of engine and overall modest feature of the P40, 38 were used without engine for use as static strongpoints.<ref>"I mezzi blindo-Corazzati Italiani 1923-1943", Nicola Pignato, Storia Militare, Albertelli Edizioni Speciali, Italy, 2007, p 65</ref> Today two Carro Pesante P26/40 still exists: one of them is in the Museo della Motorizzazione in Rome, while the other one is in display near Italian Army barracks in Lecce.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=it_p_40 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos

* Videos for the {{PAGENAME}} "G.C. Leoncello" also apply to the {{PAGENAME}}.

{{Youtube-gallery|tYfOlnMdCLE|'''{{PAGENAME}} "Leoncello" - Tank Review - Special Italian Flavour''' - ''Napalmratte''|N-EazLEFaFg|'''The Shooting Range #71''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 08:17 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|GfrV4tR0HGo|'''Fiat-Ansaldo P 26/40, Italian, Tier-2, Medium Tank''' - ''Angry Nerd Gaming''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[P40 "G.C. Leoncello"]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[T-34 (Family)]] - T-34/76 models

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:P26/40_tank|[Wikipedia] P26/40 tank]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/italy/Carro_Armato_Pesante_P26-40.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Carro Armato P26/40]
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=503 <nowiki>[Military Factory]</nowiki> Carro Armato P40 (Carro Pesante P40)]

{{TankManufacturer FIAT-Ansaldo}}
{{Italy medium tanks}}
<references />

P40

2024-05-17T20:30:18Z

U136146036: /* Ammo racks */

{{About
|about=Italian medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|other
|usage-1 = other uses
|link-1 = P40 (Disambiguation)
|usage-2 = the premium version
|link-2 = P40 "G.C. Leoncello"
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=it_p_40
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

During the war in Africa, the Italians found that their medium and light tanks had a lack of armour and insufficient firepower against the Allied tanks. At the beginning of 1940, they began work on a project for a heavy infantry support tank, which was to fight alongside the medium tanks. The project was initially designated as the P75 for its 75/18 mm cannon, which was later changed to a longer 75/32 gun and finally a 75/34 cannon with better anti-tank capabilities. The initial design derived from the contemporary M13/40 tank, but was later revised with sloped armour plate<ref>"I mezzi blindo-Corazzati Italiani 1923-1943", Nicola Pignato, Storia Militare, Albertelli Edizioni Speciali, Italy, 2007, pp 84-88</ref><ref>"Atlante mondiale dei mezzi corazzati, I carri dell'Asse", Nicola Pignato, Ermanno Albertelli Editore, Italy, 1983, p 64</ref>; eventually the vehicle that came out was the P26/40, a heavy tank by Italian army guidelines due to its weight of 26 tons, and the number 40 for the year of design. The vehicle would only see the battlefield in 1943, of which only 5 would be produced before the armistice and in turn would be captured by the Germans, who would produce a hundred more tanks, many of which were used as fixed emplacements without engine.

Introduced along with the initial Italian ground tree in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]], the P40 proves to be a balanced vehicle between armament, armour, and mobility: between the APCBC and HEAT shells, it is able to penetrate almost every tank it will meet; the mobility is neither too good nor too bad; and the vehicle can take some damage without problems.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Structural steel

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 50 mm (45°), 30 mm (78°), 45 mm (45°) ''Front glacis'' 50 mm (38°) ''Lower glacis'' 74 mm (45°) ''Driver's hatch'' || 45 mm (35°) ''Top'' 40 mm ''Bottom'' || 40 mm ''Fighting compartment rear'' 40 mm (10-40°) || 45 mm ''Front'' 15 mm ''Rear''
|-
| Turret || 50 mm (20°) ''Turret front'' 48 + 48 mm (1-78°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 45 mm (25-26°) || 45 mm ''Top'' 23 + 50 + 45 mm ''Turret bustle'' || 20 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick, bogies are 10 mm thick, and tracks are 20 mm thick.
* 4 mm side skirts line up parts of the bottom side hull.
* Belly armour is 14 mm thick.

Its protection is enough for most medium-ranged engagements but is able to be easily penetrated by most guns at close range. The front plate is a 50 mm plate sloped at 45° allowing for 65-67 mm of total protection, and the drivers hatch on the left side is 76 mm also sloped at 45° allowing for nearly 100 mm of protection. Most shots to the upper glacis won't penetrate thanks to the radical sloping angle of the plate offering 95 mm of armour, but it is possible for it to deflect a shot into the UFP. The gun mantlet is very well protected, with two rounded plates, which each offer roughly 50 mm of protection, stacked on top of each other allowing for a total of 100 mm. Be wary that the turret is a very vulnerable spot due to the nearly flat plate that only has 50 mm of armour.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=511|rbMinHp=292}}

Mobility is below average for the rank but is faster than some common tanks like the early Sherman's and Chi-Nu. However, almost every other tank in the rank will easily outrun the {{PAGENAME}} (such as the early T-34s, [[Cromwell (Family)|Cromwells]], [[Pz.III M|Pz.III]] and the [[Pz.IV F2]]). The tank's off road speed is quite good, able to reach 43 km/h (27 mph) on dirt and get to that speed quite quickly. The hull traverse is also very good and the tank is very responsive while in motion, allowing for a very mobile playstyle.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Ansaldo 75 L/34 (75 mm)}}

The P40 is armed with a Ansaldo 75 L/34, able to carry a total of 63 shells. combining a decent reload with flexible munitions. The P40 has access to a 75 mm APHE round with 79 mm of penetration and a HEAT round with 100 mm of penetration. It is worth noting, either ammunition is usable, but a mix is preferable. Most enemies will easily fall prey to the APHE round, but T-34s, M4 Shermans, and KV-1s, are all enemies that require heavier hitting rounds, like the HEAT round. Note turret rotation is mediocre, and traversing the hull is necessary during close range engagements. The average round velocity will make longer-range combat difficult and the penetration drop off of the APHE round becomes quite noticeable.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Ansaldo 75 L/34 (75 mm)|75 mm Ansaldo 75 L/34]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 63 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+23° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 13.3 || 18.4 || 22.4 || 24.8 || 26.4 || rowspan="2" | 6.50 || rowspan="2" | 5.75 || rowspan="2" | 5.30 || rowspan="2" | 5.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.3 || 9.8 || 11.9 || 13.2 || 14.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Ansaldo 75 L/34 (75 mm)/Ammunition|Granata Perforante 75/32, EPS M42, Granata 75/32}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks P40 "G.C. Leoncello".png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''63''' || 58 ''(+5)'' || 53 ''(+10)'' || 48 ''(+15)'' || 42 ''(+20)'' || 22 ''(+41)'' || 1 ''(+62)'' || No
|-
|}

Sponsons empty: 43 ''(+20)''

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|Breda Mod. 38 (8 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Breda Mod. 38 (8 mm)|8 mm Breda Mod. 38]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 288 (24) || 600 || -10°/+20° || N/A
|-
| Coaxial || 288 (24) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The P40 is a tank that excels in medium-ranged engagements thanks to its decent armour and adequate gun. Due to the relatively small size and good mobility, it can, however, be played as an ambush tank that can sneak around and plant a shot in the enemy's sides, allowing for an easy elimination because of the large explosive filler in the APCBC shell. Be wary that while the tank's armour may protect against many lower-rank cannons, cannons at equivalent BR (Namely the Pz.IV's long-barrelled cannon) are easily capable of destroying the tank.

Players in the P40 should always be with teammates, as the P40 is easy prey when separated from its team. Stick with the heavier tanks such as the KV-1's, Churchill's and Matilda's, as they can soak up shots and draw attention away from the weak little P40, allowing the player to sneak around and hit a few tanks. If there are no heavy tanks, the P40's best bet is to support a Sherman or Pz.IV, as both of them can deal with enemies that the P40 can't.

=== Specific enemies worth noting: ===

* [[KV-1 (L-11)]]/[[KV-1S]]. These Russian heavy beasts are incredibly difficult for the P40 to deal with, as their armour is able to shrug off even the EPS M42 HEAT round and they mount guns able to punch through it frontally. Your best bet to destroy them solo is by taking out their guns and burn them out by shooting their engine, but if the P40 is accompanied by a tank with a stronger gun such as the long-barrelled [[Pz.IV]]'s, the engagement will become significantly easier. When accompanied by teammates, take out their gun and tracks in order to ensure a teammate secures the kill.
* [[Matilda III]]. The British Matilda tank is the most common enemy the P40 will face, and boasts excellent all-around protection comparable to the previously mentioned KV-1's and an excellent crew layout. It's worth mentioning that its complex side armour is able to thwart the EPS round when not aimed carefully, and has a habit of absorbing shells in general. It is however not without its downfalls, as its main gun has very low penetration across all of its shell selections, with the highest penetrating shell still being unable to penetrate a well-angled P40 at 300 meters out, and it being incredibly slow. Your EPS shell can penetrate the turret sides at most ranges and will take out all 3 crew members in the turret when aimed carefully.

=== Pros and cons ===

[[File:Radar chart P40.png|thumb|P40's medium tank abilities chart]]

'''Pros:'''

* Decent frontal armour
* The gun possesses satisfactory performance at its rank
* Has access to HEAT shells with 100 mm of penetration
* Stock shell has a lot of explosive filler, making one-shot very common
* Relatively small for a medium tank
* Very good in medium-ranged performance
* Relatively consistent armour protection all around the tank ~ good for angling

'''Cons:'''

* Overall penetration is not that great
* Pitifully low ammo count for each machine gun belt
* Armour can still be penetrated by a few enemies of rank II, most notably by the long-barreled Panzer IVs
* Breda Mod. 38's have a very low magazine count
* Lower than the average speed
* Mediocre turret traverse
* Smoke shells deploy behind the tank

== History ==

[[File:P40 at Army parade.jpg|thumb|P26/40 at an Italian Army parade in 2011]]
The Carro Pesante P26/40 was Italy's heaviest and most modern tank that saw service in the war. Despite only weighing 26 tonnes, which is significantly less than almost every other country's medium tanks, it was classed as a heavy tank due to Italy's tank design doctrine. In early 1940, the Italians started working on a 25 tonne "heavy" infantry support tank that was intended to fight alongside the "M" class medium tanks.<ref>"I mezzi blindo-Corazzati Italiani 1923-1943", Nicola Pignato, Storia Militare, Albertelli Edizioni Speciali, Italy, 2007, pp 84-85</ref> The recent Africa campaign showed the massive problems the Italian tanks in production had, namely a lack of armour and insufficient firepower, prompting the army to make some changes. The initial design of 1941 was based around the same scheme of the M13/40 medium tank and saw the use of a short barreled 75/18 howitzer in turret, two machineguns in the hull and the use of vertical armour plates. With the capture of one the early T-34/76, showed by the Germans, the P26/40 was completely revised with sloped plates and a longer 75/34 gun.<ref>"I mezzi blindo-Corazzati Italiani 1923-1943", Nicola Pignato, Storia Militare, Albertelli Edizioni Speciali, Italy, 2007, pp 86</ref> The vehicle was adopted in late 1942 and was named "P26/40", 26 for the weight and 40 for the year it was designed, later semplified in P40 following a new denomination policy after august 1942.<ref>"Atlante mondiale dei mezzi corazzati, I carri dell'Asse", Nicola Pignato, Ermanno Albertelli Editore, Italy, 1983, p 10</ref> While surely better than previous italian tanks, the P40 was only comparable to mid-war allied and soviet medium tanks, such as M4s, Cromwells or T-34/76s, but was still outdated regarding its mobility, the riveted armour and the use of a smaller two-men turret.<ref>"Corazzati 1939/1945", Nicola Pignato, Ermanno Albertelli Editore, Italy, 1974, pp 91-92</ref><ref>"Carri armati nel deserto", Valerio Naglieri, Ermanno Albertelli Editore, Italy, 1972, p 125</ref> The Italian Army considered the use of heavier, but never realized, P43 and P43 bis or the license production of the german Panther even before the service of the P26/40.<ref>"Atlante mondiale dei mezzi corazzati, I carri dell'Asse", Nicola Pignato, Ermanno Albertelli Editore, Italy, 1983, p 66</ref>

Before the Italian Armistice of the 8 September 1943, the Carro Pesante P26/40's was produced in only a few units, between 1 and 5 pre-production vehicles, that were taken by the Wehrmacht as the Italian Army surrendered. The Germans continued production and built around a hundred tanks but due to the low rate of production of engine and overall modest feature of the P40, 38 were used without engine for use as static strongpoints.<ref>"I mezzi blindo-Corazzati Italiani 1923-1943", Nicola Pignato, Storia Militare, Albertelli Edizioni Speciali, Italy, 2007, p 65</ref> Today two Carro Pesante P26/40 still exists: one of them is in the Museo della Motorizzazione in Rome, while the other one is in display near Italian Army barracks in Lecce.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=it_p_40 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos

* Videos for the {{PAGENAME}} "G.C. Leoncello" also apply to the {{PAGENAME}}.

{{Youtube-gallery|tYfOlnMdCLE|'''{{PAGENAME}} "Leoncello" - Tank Review - Special Italian Flavour''' - ''Napalmratte''|N-EazLEFaFg|'''The Shooting Range #71''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 08:17 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|GfrV4tR0HGo|'''Fiat-Ansaldo P 26/40, Italian, Tier-2, Medium Tank''' - ''Angry Nerd Gaming''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[P40 "G.C. Leoncello"]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[T-34 (Family)]] - T-34/76 models

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:P26/40_tank|[Wikipedia] P26/40 tank]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/italy/Carro_Armato_Pesante_P26-40.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Carro Armato P26/40]
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=503 <nowiki>[Military Factory]</nowiki> Carro Armato P40 (Carro Pesante P40)]

{{TankManufacturer FIAT-Ansaldo}}
{{Italy medium tanks}}
<references />

Turan I

2024-04-19T22:03:07Z

U136146036: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = Italian medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Turan (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=it_40m_turan_1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Hungarian medium tank {{Battle-rating}} in the Italian research tree. It was introduced in [[Update "Sons of Attila"]] as part of the Hungarian branch of the Italian tech tree.

The Turán I was a Hungarian medium tank of World War II. Due to being forbidden from developing tanks after World War I, Hungary was still new to developing their own medium tanks from scratch. Therefore, the Turán I was originally based on the Czechoslovak Škoda T-21 medium tank prototype, which the Hungarians first developed into the T-22 design, before accepting the T-22 into service as the Turán I. The Turán I featured a redesigned turret, hull, and suspension, as well as a Hungarian 40 mm cannon and Hungarian 8 mm machine guns, increased armour protection, smoke grenades, and other changes. The [[Turan II|Turán II]] and [[Turan III|Turán III]] Hungarian medium tanks were developed from the Turán I. The Turán I became the backbone of Hungary's tank forces early in WW2, serving on the Eastern Front alongside the [[Toldi IIA|Toldi]] series light tanks and later the [[Zrinyi II|Zrinyi]] series tank destroyers, as well as some German-supplied tanks.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=403|rbMinHp=230}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|MAVAG 41.M 40/51 (40 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MAVAG 41.M 40/51 (40 mm)|40 mm MAVAG 41.M 40/51]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 101 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Shoulder|up to 10 km/h}} || 14.3 || 19.8 || 24.0 || 26.5 || 28.2 || rowspan="2" | 3.64 || rowspan="2" | 3.22 || rowspan="2" | 2.97 || rowspan="2" | 2.80
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.9 || 10.5 || 12.8 || 14.1 || 15.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:MAVAG 41.M 40/51 (40 mm)/Ammunition|36M, 39M, 43M}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''101''' || 89 ''(+12)'' || 77 ''(+24)'' || 65 ''(+36)'' || 53 ''(+48)'' || 41 ''(+60)'' || 29 ''(+72)'' ||17 ''(+84)'' ||1 ''(+100)''|| No
|-
|}
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
'''Notes''':

* Racks 1 and 2 are modeled in groups of three shells. All others are modeled in groups of two shells.
* Turret empty: 41 (+60) shells.
{{Clear}}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|34/40M (8 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[34/40M (8 mm)|8 mm 34/40M]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,200 (100) || 900 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The main advantages of the '''{{Specs|name}}''' are its fast reload speed and wonderful gearbox allowing it to reach the same speed forwards and backwards.

This allows you to turn your tank around and drive backwards, effectively protecting your hull crew by having the entire engine and transmission take incoming fire instead of your crew. Moving backwards, your engine will absorb all shots to the hull. Keep in mind however, that the turret armour is not great, and shots penetrating it can still kill all the crew inside.

With the reload speed being at around 3 seconds, it is advised to use APBC (once unlocked) instead of APHEBC, since it has more penetration and the reload speed allows you to quickly finish an opponent that could have survived the first shot.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fast firing gun
* Good mobility
* Reverse gearbox allows it to retreat from danger quickly, or to reposition itself conveniently
* Shoulder stabiliser gives it a fair advantage when shooting on the move and in close-quarters combat
* 50 mm frontal armour is sturdy against tanks using small caliber rounds (e.g. [[M3 Stuart (Family)|M3]]/[[M5 Stuart (Family)|M5]] Stuart)
* -10° gun depression makes combat in mountainous terrain easy
* 5 crew members and spaced-out ammo racks mean higher survivability
* Has smoke grenades
* Spaced armour side skirts protect the tank from HEAT and HE (to an extent)

'''Cons:'''

* Angling the hull makes some spots no longer angled, making them into weakspots
* Armour is average and can be defeated by tanks with good penetration
* Somewhat low power-to-weight ratio of around 14 makes climbing hills a struggle
* 40 mm cannon performs poorly in combat, as its penetration is insufficient to penetrate most vehicles below its BR, such as the M3 or M22
* Lacklustre turret traverse speed

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=it_40m_turan_1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==

'''Related development'''

* [[Turan (Family)|Turán (Family)]]
* [[Turan II|Turán II]]
* [[Turan III|Turán III]]
* [[Zrinyi I|Zrínyi I]]
* [[Zrinyi II|Zrínyi II]]

'''Other Hungarian vehicles'''

* [[Csaba]]
* [[Toldi IIA]]

'''Similar vehicles'''

* [[Pz.III J]]
* [[Chi-He]]
* [[M15/42]]
* [[Celere Sahariano]]
* [[Pz.38(t) n.A.]]

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Italy medium tanks}}

Marcolin's C.R.42 CN

2024-04-19T01:31:17Z

U136146036: /* Description */

{{About
| about = premium Italian fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = C.R.42 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=fiat_cr42_marcolin_italy
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
|cockpit=cockpit_fiat_cr42_marcolin_italy.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The CR.42 was an attempt by FIAT to modernize the CR.32 that saw great success in the Spanish Civil War. The CR.42 would also be an excellent biplane and was considered the best biplane of World War II by many experts and analists. Even though it was outdated, in early World War II it saw some success as an escort fighter, night fighter and even interceptor, it was even capable of dogfighting with some of the early variants of the Hurricane and Spitfire. When the war progressed the CR.42 was relegated to night bombing, light ground attacker or patrol. One of the most influential pilots of the night fighter variant of the CR.42 (The CR.42 CN) was the Italian pilot Luciano Marcolin, the commanding officer of the 377a Squadriglia Autonoma.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was [[Marcolin's C.R.42 CN (Germany)|originally]] introduced in the German tech tree as a premium vehicle and is still available to those who unlocked it, however it was moved to the Italian tech tree as a gift vehicle in [[Update 1.69 "Regia Aeronautica"]]. The '''{{Specs|name}}''' possesses exceptional manoeuvrability, speed, and durability, especially for a biplane. Its armament is quite good as well, due to the Breda-SAFAT .50 calibre MGs. The C.R.42 usually fights early [[P-36A|P-36]]s and [[LaGG-3-8|LaGG-3]]s. As such, the majority of aircraft the C.R.42 will engage are faster, and more heavily armed. Your best chances are climbing medium altitude, and lure fighters into turning combat. The majority of pilots underestimate biplanes, allowing you to score critical damage before they realize it's too late to retreat. By that time, the damage is usually severe enough that they cannot accelerate away from you quickly enough to escape further damage. Against other biplanes the CR.42 works best in extended dogfights, since you can retain energy better than other biplanes like the I-15 and Gladiator MK.II.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,200 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 413 || 402 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 20.0 || 20.6 || 14.2 || 14.2 || rowspan="2" | 294
|-
! Upgraded
| 448 || 429 || 18.5 || 19.2 || 21.1 || 17.2
|-
|}

As one of the last generation of biplane fighters, the CR.42 incorporates many advantages , but also disadvantages of said built. Notably a low stall speed, predicating it for [[Turn & Burn|turn fights]]. Climb speed is good to great, but cannot compare to many later fighters ([[:Category:Second_rank_aircraft|Rank II]]). Another advantage gained is the relatively high break speeds of ~570 km/h IAS and the late lock up speed of 450 IAS for the elevator. The top speed is good for [[:Category:First_rank_aircraft|Rank I]], but only reached after a short dive and quickly dwindles with damage received.

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || N/A || ~16 || ~7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 280 || < 240 || < 450 || > 250
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 4,300 m || 828 hp || 973 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


Biplanes by design have a lot of surface and consequently have plenty of aircraft to be shot at. This makes them feel more vulnerable than they really are, although again: They are fairly big, hard to miss targets, so the feeling is justified. Even more so as the fabric skin is easily damaged by small arms fire. The change to a aluminium monocoque fuselage design was linked with an increase in armament size for a reason. However, here lies a great advantage: Many explosive triggers and fuses have their detonation sensitivities set to metal skins, not fabric ones, so they may just whizzle through your craft, leaving only two 20 mm sized holes.

The CR.42 in itself features no armour. Only the air cooled rotary engines is rather durable due to lacking any water-cooling and by design.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Breda-SAFAT (12.7 mm)}}

'''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 12.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine guns, nose-mounted (400 rpg = 800 total)

The two machine guns are both mounted on the upper fuselage just in front of the pilot and fire through the propeller arc. Each is armed with the same amount of ammunition, which means that all guns will fire together until empty.

The center lined armament is always a great advantage. However compared to other nations' fighters with their fast firing 7.7 mm machine guns, the Breda's slower rate of fire offsets the gained advantage in calibre size and explosive ammunition (IAI).

== Usage in battles ==

In AB, the C.R.42 is nothing more than a point-and-shoot arcade-style plane. There is little skill involved at these early rank matches. Therefore turning is the most appropriate tactic. However, due to the high climb rate, Boom & Zoom can be effective, as most monoplanes cannot nearly climb as fast.

As in real-life the Falco faces off advanced mono-wing designs. While a grim view at first the C.R.42 is the pinnacle of biplane evolution, only rivalled by the up-gunned [[I-153_M-62|Chaika]] series. Common opponents are faster and have superior armament. However, the C.R.42 has got traits to counter. It is immensely agile, and can easily out-manoeuvre any monoplane in Rank I. Turning is thus an appropriate tactic for the C.R.42. Due to it being a biplane, the Falco can also be used to effectively rope-a-dope enemy aircraft. Stall fighting is one of the strongest play styles, albeit the slowest and hardest to master.

Even Boom & Zoom is feasible, as altitude can be gained quickly; however, the lack of cannon armament forces the pilot to use significant trigger control as well as aiming when diving and attacking opponents at a lower level.
If BnZing, watch your speed in a dive. The C.R.42 does have a limit of around 440 - 480 km/h (274 - 300 mph) before instability sets in.

The Breda SAFAT .50 calibre MGs are actually very effective for their BR. Tracers are by far the best belt for these main armament, due to the presence of entirely API-T rounds, which easily set fire to enemy planes and provide good penetration and damage capability. Due to the MGs being placed in the centre cowl, they provide heavy damage when fire is focused on your opponent's wings or engines. Unfortunately, MGs in general are ridiculously weak against bombers.

Visibility is normal for a biplane. Rearward vistas are non-existent while forward vision is hampered by the second strut/wing. The open cockpit does provide decent visibility in general, though.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High speed for a biplane
* Good ammunition count
* Manoeuvrability is sufficient to out turn nearly all non biplane opponents
* Well armed for a biplane
* Ammo belts use heavy amounts of incendiary ammo

'''Cons:'''

* Poor energy retention
* Lightly armed compared to most of the opposition it is faced with
* No options for striking heavy targets
* Turn rate is worse than of most biplanes
* Poor armour protection

== History ==

The C.R.42 was Fiat's attempt at modernizing their C.R.32 design, which was deployed during the Spanish Civil War with great success. The new fighter would be of all metal construction, with Fiat's new, home-grown A.74 supercharged radial engine. The result, was a fast, accurate, and manoeuvrable platform, that, while outdated at the onset of World War Two, would be almost the pinnacle of biplane design.

Early in the war, C.R.42s were used with some success as escorts, night fighters, and even interceptors. Against the early Hurricanes and Spitfires, Italian and German pilots both were delighted to find that the manoeuvrability of the Falco put it, at the least, on par in a dogfight. However as the war dragged on, and enemy aircraft became faster, the C.R.42 was relegated to night harassment, light ground attack, and sparingly used as night fighters.

The C.R.42 is also credited with the world's last aerial combat biplane kill. A group of C.R.42s based in Croatia under the command of Nachtschlachtgruppe 7 were directed to Grabovica Airfield for a strafing mission. However, the flight was redirected at the last moment to a harassment mission Northwest of Sisak, where they were intercepted by P-38s of the 14th Fighter Group. Three Fiats were lost for two P-38s, one of which was claimed by an unknown German pilot.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=fiat_cr42_marcolin_italy Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|-ept9p6L228|'''Premium Review. Marcolin's CR.42 Falco. A fun learners Aircraft''' - ''Joseph 2000''|pL3_Xd7eWNI|'''Premium Review: Marcolin's C.R. 42 CN [Solid]''' - ''Jengar''|ct0W4y6evng|'''History of CR.42 (sub eng)''' - ''Pazzo1972 & Miki''}}

== See also ==


;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* [[CR.32 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/445727-fiat-cr42/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Fiat}}
{{Italy fighters}}
{{Italy premium aircraft}}

BF2C-1

2024-04-18T22:33:28Z

U136146036: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=bf2c_1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "La Royale"]].

A carrier-based biplane fighter available to new players as a reserve. It has the peculiarity of being the only reserve biplane (and reserve plane overall) in the game with a retractable landing gear, giving it an advantage when it comes to aerodynamics.

Furthermore, the Goshawk is also capable of providing close air support, making it a nice pick for mixed battles.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 3,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 397 || 384 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 13.9 || 14.5 || 12.1 || 11.9 || rowspan="2" | 274
|-
! Upgraded
| 423 || 411 || 12.7 || 13.3 || 16.6 || 14.2
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 600  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || N/A || ~12 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 240 || < 220 || < 350 || > 190
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The BF2C-1 has no armoured plates. All critical systems are located ahead of the pilot. While the fuel tank is self-sealing, a good fire will bring your plane down very quickly before it has a chance to work its magic. Any engine damage reduces your speed to dangerous levels, so avoid tailing bombers and head-on attacks against fighters.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Browning (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 7.62 mm Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (600 rpg = 1,200 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

The BF2C-1 has 4 x 100 lb bombs, which makes it good in combined battles as CAS, but it's not recommended to take these bombs in air battles as the BF2C-1 is a very slow plane, making it even weaker in turnfights.

== Usage in battles ==

'''Air Battles (AB and RB):'''

As with other biplanes, the BF2C-1 should be used as a turnfighter. But while this is a viable tactic against less manoeuvrable targets, you might struggle to turnfight other biplanes, which could turn better than you (for example, the Soviet biplanes). In that case, if you're engaging an opponent that's more agile than you, try to apply Boom and Zoom tactics instead.

The Goshawk can also use its four 100 lb bombs to attack ground targets in both Arcade and Realistic battles.

'''Mixed Battles (Tank and Naval Battles):'''

The BF2C-1 is an excellent pick for mixed battles. Being a fighter-bomber, it can both engage enemy aircraft and provide close air support. Most of the targets at this plane's Battle Rating are lightly armoured, so they can be easily destroyed by your bombs (boats can also be easily destroyed, but ships might require multiple bombs to be sunk).

Just remember that equipping the bombs will make your plane heavier, so if you find a major threat in the air, don't be afraid to release your bombs to make your plane lighter and efficiently engage the enemy.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Capable of taking off and landing on aircraft carriers
* Has a retractable landing gear, unlike other reserve aircraft
* Easy to fly
* Features suspended armament, which comes in handy in mixed battles

'''Cons:'''

* Weak offensive armament
* Suspended armament requires precise hits in order to damage medium and heavily armoured targets
* Slow
* Does not turn as well as nearly all other biplanes

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=bf2c_1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;[[BF2C Goshawk (Family)|Related development]]

* [[Hawk III]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8224-development-bf2c-1-goshawk-new-reserve-aircraft-of-the-usa-en|[Devblog] BF2C-1 Goshawk: new reserve aircraft of the USA]]

{{AirManufacturer Curtiss}}
{{USA fighters}}

Gladiator Mk I (China)

2024-03-25T01:41:16Z

U136146036:

{{About
| about = fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Gladiator (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=gladiator_mk1_china
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Chinese fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]].

This aircraft has the camouflage of American Volunteer pilot Arthur Chin's Gladiator, No.2806. Arthur Chin flew this aircraft in the Second Sino-Japanese war, scoring 6.5 aerial victories in it. He would be recognized as America's first ace of WWII.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,420 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 399 || 386 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 16.7 || 17.7 || 13.0 || 13.0 || rowspan="2" | 232
|-
! Upgraded
| 431 || 414 || 15.3 || 16.0 || 18.8 || 15.7
|-
|}
[[File:Gladiator-China an trn 26 002.png|350px|thumb|right|]]

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 469 || 320 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}
[[File:Gladiator-China an trn 26 001.png|350px|thumb|right|]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 240 || < 180 || < 330 || > 190
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 4,100 m || 810 hp || 850 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


Like many aircraft designed just prior to the outbreak of World War II, the Gladiator Mk I was not outfitted with any armour plating. The Gladiator Mk I relied on its engine to get the aircraft where it needed to go and helped the aircraft get into a position where the guns should shoot down an enemy, any attempts to install armour plating would have only slowed down the already relatively slow biplane which would not have been worth the trade-off. However, despite lacking armour, its fuel tank is self-sealing.

To maintain the centre of balance for this fighter, the pilot, fuel tank and engine take up the fuselage from the middle to the front, any attacks on this aircraft in this zone risk hitting a critical component, ending the Gladiator Mk I's fight in the battle earlier than expected. Though a closed cockpit may offer the pilot protection from glancing shots, it will not do much for head-on or side attacks.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

[[File:Gladiator-China an trn 26 008.png|350px|thumb|right|]]
{{main|Browning (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 7.7 mm Browning .303 machine guns, fuselage-mounted (600 rpg = 1,200 total)
* 2 x 7.7 mm Browning .303 machine guns, wing-mounted (400 rpg = 800 total)

The Gladiator Mk Is arrived in China with the standard 7.7 mm Browning machine guns, two of which were mounted on each side of the pilot within arm's reach and the other two were mounted one under each side of the lower wing. It is important for pilots of this aircraft to determine at what distance they typically engage enemy aircraft at as convergence of the machine guns is a necessity to manage to effectively put as many bullets as possible into the enemy fighter. Typically in biplanes, a closer convergence setting of 100 to 250 m is best for close-in fighting, typically as one gets farther out from there, bullets lose some of their punch.

Many ace pilots from all sides of the war stated that when the enemy filled the windscreen, there was no way you could not hit, thereby guaranteeing a hit and conserving ammunition. The Gladiator Mk I does not have the machine-gun firing speed of those found on some Soviet biplanes as it is necessary to synchronize the firing of the guns in the fuselage to fire through the propeller arc. With 2,000 rounds of ammunition distributed between all four machine guns, it is recommended to fire in short bursts, mainly to prevent overheating and jamming of the machine guns. Typically you can continuously fire about 750 rounds of ammunition before the guns jam up and require a cool down before they can be used again.

When possible, change out the default ammunition belts for either tracer belts which are very effective against other biplanes, especially those which have fabric coverings and non-self sealing fuel tanks as tracer rounds have a good chance of setting planes on fire which can rarely put the flames out. Air belts are another good choice due to the explosive filler in the round which helps to damage or disable aircraft faster than regular bullets. For those pilots who like to sneak into a fight and catch enemy aircraft unaware, stealth belts are the way to go as there are no tracer rounds to give away your position. The enemy pilots tend to realize where the stealth bullets are coming from only too late as their aircraft is coming apart and falling to the ground.

== Usage in battles ==


The {{PAGENAME}} is a typical turn-fighter biplane and should be played as such. This aircraft's manoeuvrability lends it to be able to do well turning and also do especially well when doing a loop as the aircraft has good control coming out of the loop enabling the pilot to get guns on an enemy target which may have stalled below or may have peeled off going for another target. Flaps help the {{PAGENAME}} to decrease its turn time and should be used when necessary or a little extra advantage is needed, however, care must be taken not to overuse them as they drastically reduce the aircraft's speed. Though not equipped with any suspended ordnance of bombs or rockets, the four machine guns will typically make short work of ground targets and the ability for this aircraft to fly at slow speeds and quickly turn around makes it an effective ground attacker.

'''Simulator:'''

The {{PAGENAME}} can be used in turnfighting and bomber interception. Like in AB and RB, it is excellent in turning tightly and continuously, and it has lovely low-speed handling and low stall speeds, making it a great starter plane for Sim. However it does have its drawbacks: the rather big nose blocks the visibility a lot, offering very poor over-the-nose visibility which is a disadvantage in a turn fight, because when leading a shot the enemy will always get obstructed by the engine, making the player guess the shot. Also its upper wings and various frames and strings between the wings will get in the way when you look aside.

Note: it is recommended to set the convergence within 300 m, with vertical convergence on, because the majority of turnfights happen at that range or closer.

Before engaging a fight, it is better to have an altitude advantage first. When approaching the fight try to figure out which is your teammate and which is the enemy, to avoid going for a second pass, as the energy retention of the {{PAGENAME}} is rather slow. Also pick your target carefully. For easier aiming, you want to go for those unmanoeuvrable twin engine aircraft like [[Ju 88 (Family)|Ju 88]] or [[Ki-45 (Family)|Ki-45]], or bombers if there are any. Given the bad forward visibility of the {{PAGENAME}}, these are the best options as they are quite slow and sluggish, and are a bigger target to hit. However getting hits on them doesn't mean good damage, so you must be patient. When dealing with fighters, it is way harder to aim. The elevator control of the {{PAGENAME}} is quite sensitive, giving it good manoeuvrability, but at the same time, bad handling. The {{PAGENAME}} will respond in a very fast turn upon moving your stick/mouse by a little bit, which makes tracking nimble planes quite hard. But once you get used to it, try to lure every enemy into a turnfight, as that is where the {{PAGENAME}} shines. Quite a bit of bullets are required to effectively damage the enemy so you must be patient. If you find an enemy at your six, utilise your great turning ability and simply do tight turns, most monoplanes won't be able to cut inside your turn and they might disengage. However with biplanes you will need some defensive manoeuvres like barrel rolls.

If you are not very experienced in Sim, you can also go for even bigger targets (bombers) for easier aiming. However you want to be more careful when hunting bombers, since with the Sim control (whether it be mouse joystick or a real stick) the plane will manoeuvre much more gently, making itself a great target for the bomber's gunners. DO NOT follow behind a bomber's six unless you are sure that its tail gunners are unconscious. Chasing behind a bomber makes yourself stationary for the tail gunners, and you will be showered with bullets. Your big radial engine will usually get damaged. Instead, before attacking, get an altitude advantage over the bomber by flying around 2 km above it. The bomber should only fill up about 1/6 of your gunsight. The best position for an attack is at the bomber's high six so you can adjust the lead much easier. Dive at the bomber, but not directly at it, try to predict where you two will crash by imagining yourself as a missile, that's where you should aim at (deflection shooting). To maximise the damage it is better to aim for their wings and engines, as the fuselage usually soaks up quite some bullets. Only fire when the bomber passes in front of your guns. This short window might seem inadequate to do anything, but with a accurate burst on the engine the 4 MG can at least damage it. With an engine damaged most bombers cannot go far.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

[[Ki-27 otsu|Ki-27]], [[N1K1]], [[He 51 (Family)|He 51]], [[Gladiator (Family)|Gladiator]], etc. - Those commonly seen planes are equally good at turnfights and will be a hard target to down since they are very small and agile. To deal with them you need to practice leading and deflection shots, plus manoeuvres like barrel rolls and scissors. They still need plenty of bullets to get damaged, so these kind of targets are the hardest to kill and requires great skills from the player.

[[Do 17 Z-2]] - This early twin engine plane always shows up as an AI controlled recon aircraft that you have to down, which is a good news as AI won't manoeuvre aggressively. However this plane is extremely durable for the {{PAGENAME}}'s weak MGs. When it shows up as an AI, deflection shots are not recommended as the small shooting windows really does nothing. Instead, try disabling its 2 gunners first, then just sit behind it and burst on its wings and engines. When attacking the gunners try to not get your engine damaged by pulling evasive manoeuvres as soon as the bullets come close, since the Do 17 might outrun the {{PAGENAME}} in a level flight if your engine is damaged.

[[He 100 D-1]], [[Bf 109 E-1|Bf 109 E]], [[He 112 (Family)|He 112]] - These early monoplanes might not be able to out-turn the Gladiator, but they can easily outrun it as the Gladiator is rather slow. These fighters will usually BnZ you, so you must constantly look above and behind you. If they are diving on you, use your roll rate and dodge under their negative G areas. Most players will try to follow up, if not immediately losing track of you. Several dodges might make them impatient and give up BnZ, and if they really start to turnfight with you, they are already dead.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===

[[File:Gladiator-China an trn 26 004.png|350px|thumb|right|]]
'''Pros:'''

* Armament is equal to or better than other fighters it typically faces
* Good manoeuvrability in a turn, fantastic turnfighter
* Tracer belts, like all other planes fitted with Browning machine guns, can be deadly
* Has flaps, unlike most other biplane fighters
* Sufficient ammunition prevents frequent reloads or landing to rearm

'''Cons:'''

* Performance deficiencies can make it an easy target for experienced pilots or more difficult adversaries
* Not the best climber
* Bleeds speed in turns, especially when using flaps
* In Simulator mode, upper wing blocks a significant amount of the forward view
* Extremely weak roll, combined with the lack of rudder authority leads to extreme difficulty aiming

== History ==


On the 7th July 1937, fighting broke out between Chinese and Japanese forces, starting the Second Sino-Japanese War. When the war began the Chinese air force was using many obsolete aircraft and so, in October 1937, the Chinese government decided to order 36 Gladiator Mk Is from Britain; at the time these were the most modern fighter aircraft in use by the Royal Air Force.<ref name="HendrixGladiator">Hendrix 2018</ref> The disassembled Gladiators arrived in Hong Kong in late 1937, before then being shipped to Guangzhou for assembly. The Gladiator entered service with the Chinese air force in February 1938; it first saw combat on 24th February, when pilot John 'Buffalo' Wong Sun-Shui shot down two [[A5M4|A5M]] fighters (Japan's best fighter aircraft at the time).<ref name="HendrixGladiator" /> The Gladiator was well-liked by Chinese pilots, however with the emergence of more modern Japanese fighters, and a lack of spare parts to support the aircraft, the Gladiators were soon relegated to use as training aircraft only.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=gladiator_mk1_china Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="200">
File:Gladiator-China an trn 26 003.png
File:Gladiator-China an trn 26 005.png
File:Gladiator-China an trn 26 007.png
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|p_ANYPgzAYU|'''Back in the Arena! Gladiator Mk I - China - Review!''' - ''Jengar''|A1jLe76Gh8Q|'''Gladiator Mk1 (China) Review and Patch Impressions''' - ''Joseph 2000''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Gladiator (Family)]]

;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* Grumman [[F3F-2|F3F]]
* Polikarpov [[I-15 (Family)|I-15]] & [[I-153 (Family)|I-153]]
* Fiat [[CR.32 (Family)|CR.32]]
* Fiat [[C.R.42 (Family)|CR.42]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.ru/index.php?/topic/197035-gloster-gladiator-mk-ii-iis-iif-taka/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance (Russian Forum)]
* [[Wikipedia:Gloster_Gladiator|[Wikipedia] Gloster Gladiator]]

=== References ===

;Citations
<references />

;Bibliography

* Hendrix, K. (2018, December 13). The RAF and China: A Forgotten Alliance. Part 1. Retrieved from [https://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/blog/the-raf-and-china-a-forgotten-alliance-part/ Royal Air Force Museum]

{{AirManufacturer Gloster}}
{{China fighters}}

Gladiator Mk I (China)

2024-03-25T01:36:43Z

U136146036: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Gladiator (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=gladiator_mk1_china
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Chinese fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]].

This aircraft has the camouflage of American Volunteer pilot Arthur Chin's Gladiator, No.2806. Arthur Chin flew this aircraft in the Second Sino-Japanese war, scoring 6.5 aerial victories in it. He would be recognized as America's first ace of WWII.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,420 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 399 || 386 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 16.7 || 17.7 || 13.0 || 13.0 || rowspan="2" | 232
|-
! Upgraded
| 431 || 414 || 15.3 || 16.0 || 18.8 || 15.7
|-
|}
[[File:Gladiator-China an trn 26 002.png|350px|thumb|right|]]

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 469 || 320 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}
[[File:Gladiator-China an trn 26 001.png|350px|thumb|right|]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 240 || < 180 || < 330 || > 190
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 4,100 m || 810 hp || 850 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


Like many aircraft designed just prior to the outbreak of World War II, the Gladiator Mk I was not outfitted with any armour plating. The Gladiator Mk I relied on its engine to get the aircraft where it needed to go and helped the aircraft get into a position where the guns should shoot down an enemy, any attempts to install armour plating would have only slowed down the already relatively slow biplane which would not have been worth the trade-off. However, despite lacking armour, its fuel tank is self-sealing.

To maintain the centre of balance for this fighter, the pilot, fuel tank and engine take up the fuselage from the middle to the front, any attacks on this aircraft in this zone risk hitting a critical component, ending the Gladiator Mk I's fight in the battle earlier than expected. Though a closed cockpit may offer the pilot protection from glancing shots, it will not do much for head-on or side attacks.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

[[File:Gladiator-China an trn 26 008.png|350px|thumb|right|]]
{{main|Browning (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 7.7 mm Browning .303 machine guns, fuselage-mounted (600 rpg = 1,200 total)
* 2 x 7.7 mm Browning .303 machine guns, wing-mounted (400 rpg = 800 total)

The Gladiator Mk Is arrived in China with the standard 7.7 mm Browning machine guns, two of which were mounted on each side of the pilot within arm's reach and the other two were mounted one under each side of the lower wing. It is important for pilots of this aircraft to determine at what distance they typically engage enemy aircraft at as convergence of the machine guns is a necessity to manage to effectively put as many bullets as possible into the enemy fighter. Typically in biplanes, a closer convergence setting of 100 to 250 m is best for close-in fighting, typically as one gets farther out from there, bullets lose some of their punch.

Many ace pilots from all sides of the war stated that when the enemy filled the windscreen, there was no way you could not hit, thereby guaranteeing a hit and conserving ammunition. The Gladiator Mk I does not have the machine-gun firing speed of those found on some Soviet biplanes as it is necessary to synchronize the firing of the guns in the fuselage to fire through the propeller arc. With 2,000 rounds of ammunition distributed between all four machine guns, it is recommended to fire in short bursts, mainly to prevent overheating and jamming of the machine guns. Typically you can continuously fire about 750 rounds of ammunition before the guns jam up and require a cool down before they can be used again.

When possible, change out the default ammunition belts for either tracer belts which are very effective against other biplanes, especially those which have fabric coverings and non-self sealing fuel tanks as tracer rounds have a good chance of setting planes on fire which can rarely put the flames out. Air belts are another good choice due to the explosive filler in the round which helps to damage or disable aircraft faster than regular bullets. For those pilots who like to sneak into a fight and catch enemy aircraft unaware, stealth belts are the way to go as there are no tracer rounds to give away your position. The enemy pilots tend to realize where the stealth bullets are coming from only too late as their aircraft is coming apart and falling to the ground.

== Usage in battles ==


The {{PAGENAME}} is a typical turn-fighter biplane and should be played as such. This aircraft's manoeuvrability lends it to be able to do well turning and also do especially well when doing a loop as the aircraft has good control coming out of the loop enabling the pilot to get guns on an enemy target which may have stalled below or may have peeled off going for another target. Flaps help the {{PAGENAME}} to decrease its turn time and should be used when necessary or a little extra advantage is needed, however, care must be taken not to overuse them as they drastically reduce the aircraft's speed. Though not equipped with any suspended ordnance of bombs or rockets, the four machine guns will typically make short work of ground targets and the ability for this aircraft to fly at slow speeds and quickly turn around makes it an effective ground attacker.

'''Simulator:'''

The {{PAGENAME}} can be used in turnfighting and bomber interception. Like in AB and RB, it is excellent in turning tightly and continuously, and it has lovely low-speed handling and low stall speeds, making it a great starter plane for Sim. However it does have its drawbacks: the rather big nose blocks the visibility a lot, offering very poor over-the-nose visibility which is a disadvantage in a turn fight, because when leading a shot the enemy will always get obstructed by the engine, making the player guess the shot. Also its upper wings and various frames and strings between the wings will get in the way when you look aside.

Note: it is recommended to set the convergence within 300 m, with vertical convergence on, because the majority of turnfights happen at that range or closer.

Before engaging a fight, it is better to have an altitude advantage first. When approaching the fight try to figure out which is your teammate and which is the enemy, to avoid going for a second pass, as the energy retention of the {{PAGENAME}} is rather slow. Also pick your target carefully. For easier aiming, you want to go for those unmanoeuvrable twin engine aircraft like [[Ju 88 (Family)|Ju 88]] or [[Ki-45 (Family)|Ki-45]], or bombers if there are any. Given the bad forward visibility of the {{PAGENAME}}, these are the best options as they are quite slow and sluggish, and are a bigger target to hit. However getting hits on them doesn't mean good damage, so you must be patient. When dealing with fighters, it is way harder to aim. The elevator control of the {{PAGENAME}} is quite sensitive, giving it good manoeuvrability, but at the same time, bad handling. The {{PAGENAME}} will respond in a very fast turn upon moving your stick/mouse by a little bit, which makes tracking nimble planes quite hard. But once you get used to it, try to lure every enemy into a turnfight, as that is where the {{PAGENAME}} shines. Quite a bit of bullets are required to effectively damage the enemy so you must be patient. If you find an enemy at your six, utilise your great turning ability and simply do tight turns, most monoplanes won't be able to cut inside your turn and they might disengage. However with biplanes you will need some defensive manoeuvres like barrel rolls.

If you are not very experienced in Sim, you can also go for even bigger targets (bombers) for easier aiming. However you want to be more careful when hunting bombers, since with the Sim control (whether it be mouse joystick or a real stick) the plane will manoeuvre much more gently, making itself a great target for the bomber's gunners. DO NOT follow behind a bomber's six unless you are sure that its tail gunners are unconscious. Chasing behind a bomber makes yourself stationary for the tail gunners, and you will be showered with bullets. Your big radial engine will usually get damaged. Instead, before attacking, get an altitude advantage over the bomber by flying around 2 km above it. The bomber should only fill up about 1/6 of your gunsight. The best position for an attack is at the bomber's high six so you can adjust the lead much easier. Dive at the bomber, but not directly at it, try to predict where you two will crash by imagining yourself as a missile, that's where you should aim at (deflection shooting). To maximise the damage it is better to aim for their wings and engines, as the fuselage usually soaks up quite some bullets. Only fire when the bomber passes in front of your guns. This short window might seem inadequate to do anything, but with a accurate burst on the engine the 4 MG can at least damage it. With an engine damaged most bombers cannot go far.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

[[Ki-27 otsu|Ki-27]], [[N1K1]], [[He 51 (Family)|He 51]], [[Gladiator (Family)|Gladiator]], etc. - Those commonly seen planes are equally good at turnfights and will be a hard target to down since they are very small and agile. To deal with them you need to practice leading and deflection shots, plus manoeuvres like barrel rolls and scissors. They still need plenty of bullets to get damaged, so these kind of targets are the hardest to kill and requires great skills from the player.

[[Do 17 Z-2]] - This early twin engine plane always shows up as an AI controlled recon aircraft that you have to down, which is a good news as AI won't manoeuvre aggressively. However this plane is extremely durable for the {{PAGENAME}}'s weak MGs. When it shows up as an AI, deflection shots are not recommended as the small shooting windows really does nothing. Instead, try disabling its 2 gunners first, then just sit behind it and burst on its wings and engines. When attacking the gunners try to not get your engine damaged by pulling evasive manoeuvres as soon as the bullets come close, since the Do 17 might outrun the {{PAGENAME}} in a level flight if your engine is damaged.

[[He 100 D-1]], [[Bf 109 E-1|Bf 109 E]], [[He 112 (Family)|He 112]] - These early monoplanes might not be able to out-turn the Gladiator, but they can easily outrun it as the Gladiator is rather slow. These fighters will usually BnZ you, so you must constantly look above and behind you. If they are diving on you, use your roll rate and dodge under their negative G areas. Most players will try to follow up, if not immediately losing track of you. Several dodges might make them impatient and give up BnZ, and if they really start to turnfight with you, they are already dead.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===

[[File:Gladiator-China an trn 26 004.png|350px|thumb|right|]]
'''Pros:'''

* Armament is equal to or better than other fighters it typically faces
* Good manoeuvrability in a turn, fantastic turnfighter
* Tracer belts, like all other planes fitted with Browning machine guns, can be deadly
* Has flaps, unlike most other biplane fighters
* Sufficient ammunition prevents frequent reloads or landing to rearm

'''Cons:'''

* Performance deficiencies can make it an easy target for experienced pilots or more difficult adversaries
* Not the best climber
* Bleeds speed in turns, especially when using flaps
* In Simulator mode, upper wing blocks a significant amount of the forward view
* Rudder control is subpar, forcing the aircraft to handle like a Horten 229

== History ==


On the 7th July 1937, fighting broke out between Chinese and Japanese forces, starting the Second Sino-Japanese War. When the war began the Chinese air force was using many obsolete aircraft and so, in October 1937, the Chinese government decided to order 36 Gladiator Mk Is from Britain; at the time these were the most modern fighter aircraft in use by the Royal Air Force.<ref name="HendrixGladiator">Hendrix 2018</ref> The disassembled Gladiators arrived in Hong Kong in late 1937, before then being shipped to Guangzhou for assembly. The Gladiator entered service with the Chinese air force in February 1938; it first saw combat on 24th February, when pilot John 'Buffalo' Wong Sun-Shui shot down two [[A5M4|A5M]] fighters (Japan's best fighter aircraft at the time).<ref name="HendrixGladiator" /> The Gladiator was well-liked by Chinese pilots, however with the emergence of more modern Japanese fighters, and a lack of spare parts to support the aircraft, the Gladiators were soon relegated to use as training aircraft only.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=gladiator_mk1_china Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="200">
File:Gladiator-China an trn 26 003.png
File:Gladiator-China an trn 26 005.png
File:Gladiator-China an trn 26 007.png
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|p_ANYPgzAYU|'''Back in the Arena! Gladiator Mk I - China - Review!''' - ''Jengar''|A1jLe76Gh8Q|'''Gladiator Mk1 (China) Review and Patch Impressions''' - ''Joseph 2000''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Gladiator (Family)]]

;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* Grumman [[F3F-2|F3F]]
* Polikarpov [[I-15 (Family)|I-15]] & [[I-153 (Family)|I-153]]
* Fiat [[CR.32 (Family)|CR.32]]
* Fiat [[C.R.42 (Family)|CR.42]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.ru/index.php?/topic/197035-gloster-gladiator-mk-ii-iis-iif-taka/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance (Russian Forum)]
* [[Wikipedia:Gloster_Gladiator|[Wikipedia] Gloster Gladiator]]

=== References ===

;Citations
<references />

;Bibliography

* Hendrix, K. (2018, December 13). The RAF and China: A Forgotten Alliance. Part 1. Retrieved from [https://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/blog/the-raf-and-china-a-forgotten-alliance-part/ Royal Air Force Museum]

{{AirManufacturer Gloster}}
{{China fighters}}

Magach 3

2024-03-23T01:24:04Z

U136146036: Reverted my previous change, Magach 3 isn't exactly a base model M48A5.

{{About
| about = Israeli medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Magach (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=il_magach_3_idf
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''Magach 3''' was an overall upgrade to the M48 tanks fitted by Israel. Compared to the Magach 1 and 2, it was the first to receive major upgrades not fitted by Americans or Germans. It included a more powerful American-made [[M68 (105 mm)|105 mm M68]] cannon with more powerful anti-tank rounds to deal with Soviet threats like the T-54 and T-62. The tank also eventually received Blazer ERA to deal with Soviet made RPGs and ATGMs fitted in large quantities by Egyptian and Syrian forces. The tank also received a new 750 HP engine coupled with a new Allison transmission (the same used by the first [[M60]]s), as well as new radio equipment and electronics.

It was introduced in [[Update "Drone Age"]]. The Magach 3 is an upgunned version of the previous Magach variants. It has very similar mobility thanks to the new transmission and engine. However it does not use Blazer ERA blocks, since that is reserved for the premium version. The 105 mm gun with its new APDS shell is the most important upgrade as well as the new commander's cupola. The new gun packs quite a heavy punch and can be used to reliably penetrate all tanks at its BR, that being with the HEAT-FS or the APDS shell, just take in mind that ERA can already be seen around its BR which poses a threat to chemical munitions. The tank lacks a stabilizer, however, it has an optical rangefinder so it can be used to accurately pick targets thousands of metres away.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,162|rbMinHp=663}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M68 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M68 (105 mm)|105 mm M68]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 57 || rowspan="2" | -9°/+19° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 22.8 || 31.6 || 38.4 || 42.5 || 45.2 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.3 || 16.8 || 20.4 || 22.6 || 24.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:M68 (105 mm)/Ammunition|M392A2, M156, M152, M416}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_Magach_3_(ERA)_(USA).png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''57''' || 49 ''(+8)'' || 34 ''(+23)'' || 23 ''(+34)'' || 17 ''(+40)'' || 1 ''(+56)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|4}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|5}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|FN MAG 60-40 (7.62 mm)|M73 (7.62 mm)|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Gun mantlet || 1,000 (200) || 577 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[FN MAG 60-40 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm FN MAG 60-40]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Loader's hatch || 2,000 (200) || 600 || -5°/+50° || -120°/+60°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M73 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M73]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 6,000 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Commander's hatch || 2,000 (250) || 500 || -5°/+50° || -60°/+120°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

The Magach 3 was another version of the Magach series of tanks, based on the M48 chasis. This version was the first to introduce major modifications and upgrades outside of those already fitted by the Americans and Germans in their M48A1/A2/A2C.

The Magach 3 used many parts present in the original Magach 2 (M48A2C) but it also fixed some of the most important problems with the standard version of the M48. A new British made L7 105mm gun was installed with new rounds capable of much more firepower. The increase in gun caliber was very necesary since the M48s original 90mm gun was deemed inferior to the 100 and 115 mm guns used in the T-54s and T-62s.

Another upgrade was the installation of a low profile commanders cupola, since the original cupola was considered unnecessary and also increased maintenance, new communications equipment was installed to help with coordination in the battlefield and later on, some tanks were upgraded with Blazer ERA. The Magach 3 was one of the first to use Blazer ERA, since during the Six Days War and Yom Kippur War it was shown that it's armour was not enough to protect the crew against RPGs and ATGMs, in fact, the Magach 3 was one of the most lost tanks during these two conflicts.

With the installation of Blazer ERA, new electronics and increased firepower, the total weight of the tank increased, and thus a new powerplant was required, a 750 hp (560 kW) diesel engine Continental AVDS-1790-2A was installed, as well as a new Allison CD-850-6 transmission.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=il_magach_3_idf Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Magach (Family)]]

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{TankManufacturer Israeli Ordnance Corps}}
{{Israel medium tanks}}

Magach 3

2024-03-17T02:14:08Z

U136146036: /* Description */ It's just an M48A5.

{{About
| about = Israeli medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Magach (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=il_magach_3_idf
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''Magach 3''' was an overall upgrade to the M48 tanks fitted by Israel. Compared to the Magach 1 and 2, it was the first to receive major upgrades not fitted by Americans or Germans. It included a more powerful American-made [[M68 (105 mm)|105 mm M68]] cannon with more powerful anti-tank rounds to deal with Soviet threats like the T-54 and T-62. The tank also eventually received Blazer ERA to deal with Soviet made RPGs and ATGMs fitted in large quantities by Egyptian and Syrian forces. The tank also received a new 750 HP engine coupled with a new Allison transmission (the same used by the first [[M60]]s), as well as new radio equipment and electronics.

It was introduced in [[Update "Drone Age"]]. The Magach 3 is basically an M48A5. It has very similar mobility thanks to the new transmission and engine. However it does not use Blazer ERA blocks, since that is reserved for the premium version. The 105 mm gun with its new APDS shell is the most important upgrade as well as the new commander's cupola. The new gun packs quite a heavy punch and can be used to reliably penetrate all tanks at its BR, that being with the HEAT-FS or the APDS shell, just take in mind that ERA can already be seen around its BR which poses a threat to chemical munitions. The tank lacks a stabilizer, however, it has an optical rangefinder so it can be used to accurately pick targets thousands of metres away.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,162|rbMinHp=663}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M68 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M68 (105 mm)|105 mm M68]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 57 || rowspan="2" | -9°/+19° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 22.8 || 31.6 || 38.4 || 42.5 || 45.2 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.3 || 16.8 || 20.4 || 22.6 || 24.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:M68 (105 mm)/Ammunition|M392A2, M156, M152, M416}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_Magach_3_(ERA)_(USA).png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''57''' || 49 ''(+8)'' || 34 ''(+23)'' || 23 ''(+34)'' || 17 ''(+40)'' || 1 ''(+56)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|4}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|5}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|FN MAG 60-40 (7.62 mm)|M73 (7.62 mm)|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Gun mantlet || 1,000 (200) || 577 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[FN MAG 60-40 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm FN MAG 60-40]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Loader's hatch || 2,000 (200) || 600 || -5°/+50° || -120°/+60°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M73 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M73]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 6,000 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Commander's hatch || 2,000 (250) || 500 || -5°/+50° || -60°/+120°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

The Magach 3 was another version of the Magach series of tanks, based on the M48 chasis. This version was the first to introduce major modifications and upgrades outside of those already fitted by the Americans and Germans in their M48A1/A2/A2C.

The Magach 3 used many parts present in the original Magach 2 (M48A2C) but it also fixed some of the most important problems with the standard version of the M48. A new British made L7 105mm gun was installed with new rounds capable of much more firepower. The increase in gun caliber was very necesary since the M48s original 90mm gun was deemed inferior to the 100 and 115 mm guns used in the T-54s and T-62s.

Another upgrade was the installation of a low profile commanders cupola, since the original cupola was considered unnecessary and also increased maintenance, new communications equipment was installed to help with coordination in the battlefield and later on, some tanks were upgraded with Blazer ERA. The Magach 3 was one of the first to use Blazer ERA, since during the Six Days War and Yom Kippur War it was shown that it's armour was not enough to protect the crew against RPGs and ATGMs, in fact, the Magach 3 was one of the most lost tanks during these two conflicts.

With the installation of Blazer ERA, new electronics and increased firepower, the total weight of the tank increased, and thus a new powerplant was required, a 750 hp (560 kW) diesel engine Continental AVDS-1790-2A was installed, as well as a new Allison CD-850-6 transmission.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=il_magach_3_idf Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Magach (Family)]]

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{TankManufacturer Israeli Ordnance Corps}}
{{Israel medium tanks}}

Potez 631

2024-02-18T17:43:36Z

U136146036: /* Description */

{{About
| about = French bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| and
| usage = other versions
| link-1 = Potez 630
| link-2 = Potez 633
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=potez_631
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''SNCAN Potez 631''' was the second production variant of the Potez 63 project, which was a project intended to provide France with modern heavy fighter capabilities and which eventually led to one of the most prolific and versatile series of combat aircraft to be built by the French aeronautical industry at the beginning of World War II. The 63 series, originally conceived in 1934, yielded not only strategic fighters but also light bombers as well as attack and reconnaissance planes, resulting in the production of more than 1,100 aircraft of different variants in the series by June 1940. This elegant aircraft remained in active service during the German occupation, and approximately 250 additional planes built in that period were used by the Luftwaffe as transport and liaison aircraft of the Vichy Air Force, the Italian Regia Aeronautica, and of the Romanian Air Force.

It was introduced in [[Update 1.73 "Vive la France"]] along with the initial French aviation tree. The {{Specs|name}} is the second variant of the Potez found in the French Tech Tree dedicated for air-to-air combat. Compared to the previous [[Potez 630]], the 631 features six wing-mounted 7.5 mm machine guns, which alongside the two 20 mm cannons mounted in the nose, give the Potez a powerful armament for its rank. However, this armament comes at the cost of speed, the added weight and already mediocre airframe coupled with less powerful engines than the previous variation makes this aircraft ineffective in duelling. Thus, it should be played in a more passive role, with boom and zoom tactics instead of rushing the center of the map.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The {{PAGENAME}} is a slow climber and heavy lander, with a stall speed of 138 km/h (SB, 45 min fuel, full ammunition, no bombs), but is very stable in high-speed dives and turns and can be lethal when used properly as an energy fighter. Its maximum speed is modest at 332 km/h at 4,000 m (SB, 45 min fuel, full ammunition, no bombs) but manoeuvres surprisingly well at medium and high speeds and the canopy provides excellent 360-degree visibility.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 408 || 391 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 22.4 || 23.6 || 4.1 || 4.1 || rowspan="2" | 350
|-
! Upgraded
| 453 || 430 || 19.8 || 21.0 || 12.1 || 7.4
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 710  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 346 || 329 || 240 || ~10 || ~7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 360 || < 360 || < 330 || > 320
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The '''Potez 631''' has no armour and is relatively fragile, and highly vulnerable to damage from the front which makes it less-than-ideal as a high-level interceptor. There are 2 self-sealing fuel tanks; one close to each wingroot.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Hispano 404 (20 mm)|MAC 1934 (7.5 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm Hispano 404 cannons, chin-mounted (90 rpg = 180 total)
* 6 x 7.5 mm MAC 1934 machine guns, wing-mounted (300 rpg = 1,800 total)

The cannons are arranged in the belly of the fuselage right under the pilot's seat. The machine guns are wing-mounted, three guns in each wing.

Universal ammunition belts are the preferred loadout for both weapons in most cases, although the extra armour-piercing capabilities of the ground target belt for the cannon will work effectively against both armoured ground targets and aircraft for penetrating engine blocks. A short-burst of both cannon and MG fire at convergence range will mortally wound or destroy any opponent of equivalent rank. Recommended convergence settings: 300 m for high-energy fighter engagements, 400 m for boom-and-zoom bounce tactics against fighters/bombers/attackers, 500 m for ground attack. An alternative setup would be tracers on the machine guns, as this makes leading easier and also is very potent for setting planes on fire, as every bullet is an API-T.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|№.1 (100 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 100 kg №.1 bombs (200 kg total)

The '''Potez 631''' can be armed with 2 x 100 No.1 bombs (118 kg each, with an explosive mass of 50 kg allowing for an armoured target destruction radius of 4 m) mounted under wing between the fuselage and each engine.

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MAC 1934 (7.5 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 7.5 mm MAC 1934 machine gun, dorsal turret (1,000 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

The '''Potez 631''' is best used as a mid- to low-altitude energy fighter. The sluggish climb, poor performance above 16,000 feet and vulnerability to frontal damage limit its effectiveness as a higher-altitude interceptor, while the stability and surprising manoeuvrability at high speeds make it ideal for diving on vulnerable targets at low altitudes and then extending away to begin the slow climb to set up for another pass. If you attract the attention of an enemy fighter, do not attempt to climb away or to execute any advanced manoeuvres such as loops or chandelles, as the Potez 631 bleeds energy at an exceptional rate in any kind of a climb. Just stay level with the throttle wide open and let the dorsal gunner ward off trailing attackers until you can safely begin a shallow climb to set up for re-engagement. Pilots with solid gunnery skills who can accurately gauge convergence distance can excel in this aircraft with six converged guns and two centreline cannons delivering a high volume of lethal ordnance to a small targeted area.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil
! Water
! Type
|-
| Controllable || rowspan="2" | Not controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Separate || rowspan="2" | Not controllable 1 gear || rowspan="2" | Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent manoeuvrability, even when compared to single-engined fighters
* Impressive offensive armament, delivering substantial firepower
* Stable at high speeds, effective dive characteristics
* Offers excellent 360-degree visibility for enhanced situational awareness
* Enhanced armament and manoeuvrability than [[Potez 630|its predecessor]]

'''Cons:'''

* The aircraft's large profile, along with the lack of armour, makes it highly vulnerable to battle damage
* Very sluggish climb rate, unimpressive max speed in level flight
* Poor energy retention in turns and especially in vertical loops
* Ineffective defensive armament for protecting against incoming attacks.
* Engine overheats when not utilising MEC
* Poor performance above 4,800 m (16,000 ft.), WEP provides no performance boost above 2,000 m

== History ==


In 1934, the French Air Ministry issued a requirement for a new twin-engine heavy fighter, capable of both day-fighter and night-fighter roles. The original Potez 630 prototype was designed to fulfil this role, while the Potez 631 was a re-engined variant of the 630 prototype. In July 1937, an initial order for 40 Potez 631 day-fighters was placed by the Air Ministry, and on August 2nd 1938, the first Potez 631 was accepted by the French Air Service. The aircraft was immediately used to re-equip units using the obsolete Les Mureaux 113 fighters then being used as night figher aircraft.

By the outbreak of the Second World War, the Air Service had 88 Potez 631 aircraft available, as well as many aircraft of other variants. The aircraft was brought into service in large numbers to replace the large numbers of [[D.500]] and M.S.225 aircraft being retired from active duty. However, as soon as the aircraft was pressed into service against the Germans, it was highly evident that the aircraft was ineffective in its role. It could barely keep up with German bombers such as the Ju 88, let alone the Bf 109 and Bf 110 fighters the aircraft was commonly fighting over the skies of France. As a result, the aircraft suffered heavy losses; the most successful squadron, F1C of the Aéronavale, managed 12 kills for 8 losses before being withdrawn from combat.

Following the French Armistice of 1940, the air force of Vichy France inherited 82 Potez 631 aircraft that had been left intact. These aircraft were mostly based in North Africa; however, many were destroyed during Operation Torch. On November 27th 1942, German forces occupied the Vichy air force bases and seized their aircraft. Around 130 Potez 630-type aircraft were taken, and many were sent to Romania for use as target tugs and trainer aircraft. The German forces also resumed production of the type, and built numerous more Potez 630 aircraft for use in transport, liaison and training roles. After the end of WWII, several Potez 631 aircraft were retained for training roles. Of these, three were recaptured examples, and served as trainers with the re-established French Air Force.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=potez_631 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|ux0UOLTLKuM|'''Potez 631 in a short flight - Simulator battl''' - ''ScAreCrOw Gaming''|FSy6IFHZv1E|'''(Arcade): Potez 631 - Full Potential''' - ''TX141''|kWHz9HkF6Lc|'''Realistic: Potez 631 [Nimble Beast]''' - ''Jengar''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Potez 630]]
* [[Potez 633]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5022-development-potez-p-631-attacker-s-apprentice-en|[Devblog] Potez P.631: Attacker's Apprentice]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/385890-potez-631/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[Wikipedia:Potez_630|[Wikipedia] Potez 630]]
* [http://all-aero.com/index.php/54-planes-p-q-e-r-s/8072-potez-63--630--631--637 <nowiki>[All-Aero]</nowiki> Potez 63 / 630 / 631 / 637]

{{AirManufacturer Potez}}
{{France twin-engine fighters and attackers}}

Yak-9U

2024-02-18T15:10:02Z

U136146036: /* Description */

{{About
| about = Soviet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Yak-9 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=yak-9u
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''Yakovlev Yak-9U''' was the sixth variant of the [[Yak-9 (Family)|Yak-9 fighter aircraft family]]. The aircraft was based on the [[Yak-9T]] and included significant aerodynamic and structural upgrades similar to the [[Yak-3]]. The Yak-9U was powered by the new Klimov VK-107A engine, which produced 1,650 horsepower. The burst mass was 2.72 kg/s. During early test flights in 1943, the only comparable Soviet fighter was the Polikarpov I-185 prototype, but it was more difficult to fly and less agile due to its heavier weight. Except for the P-51B Mustang, which could achieve 710 km/h, the Yak-9U's peak speed of 700 km/h at 5,600 m was quicker than any other production fighter aircraft in the world at the time. Overheating issues during the test flight stage were resolved by expanding the radiators during production. It was the best high-altitude Soviet fighter of its time. The Yak-9U flew 398 sorties for a total of 299 hours. A total of 26 battles were fought, with the majority of them ending in victory.

Introduced in Update 1.37, the Yak-9U is one of the few Yak fighter planes that is excels at operating at high altitudes. Unlike previous Yak-9s that were powered by the Klimov VK-105PF engine, the Yak-9U is powered by the Klimov VK-107A engine. As a result, the Yak-9U is among the quickest planes at sea level in its class. Overall, the Yak-9U combines impressive speed, acceleration, climb, and manoeuvrability with a mediocre weaponry. The Yak-9U's engine improvement lets it maintain good performance up to 5,000 m, allowing players to engage in combat with other high-altitude enemy aircraft without being significantly disadvantaged.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Yak-9U is an up-engined Yak-9 equipped with the M-107A engine. It sports competitive speed, far above average turning and roll abilities, good acceleration, a high dive limit (by USSR standards), and keeps nice and crisp controls from speeds as low as 250 km/h to 750 km/h. It is arguably the most underestimated vehicle rank-for-rank in the game and is often skipped by players who view it as just another Yak-9.

Unlike previous Yak-9s equipped with the VK-105PF engine, the Yak-9U gets a significant upgrade in the form of its M-107A engine (which also happens to be the engine utilized by the premium [[Yak-3 (VK-107)]] and the later [[Yak-9P]]/[[Yak-9UT|UT]]). As such, the Yak-9U is one of the fastest planes at sea level at this BR and retains excellent performance up to ~6 km where it can effectively engage higher-speed American and faster climbing German planes. This, combined with the excellent handling and turn-fighting qualities allow the Yak-9U to effectively dictate any engagement- a pilot can turn-fight Bf 109s and P-47s with ease while having the capability to outrun slower yet more manoeuvrable vehicles such as the Spitfire.

At sea level, the Yak-9U can catch most, if not all, planes at its BR, including [[P-47 (Family)|P-47]] and [[P-51 (Family)|P-51D]]. Beware, however, as the Yak airframe isn't particularly durable in a dive and will rip at speeds above 720 km/h {{Annotation|IAS|Indicated airspeed}}. Thankfully, forcing an opponent down low effectively seals their fate as you and your team perform optimally at low altitude.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 652 || 634 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 20.1 || 20.7 || 14.9 || 14.9 || rowspan="2" | 380
|-
! Upgraded
| 699 || 677 || 18.6 || 19.1 || 22.9 || 18.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 720  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || 280 || ~12 || ~9
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 400 || < 420 || < 490 || > 450
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 64 mm Bulletproof glass in cockpit front and rear.
* 8 mm Steel plate behind the pilot.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|ShVAK (20 mm)|Berezin UB (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 20 mm ShVAK cannon, nose-mounted (120 rpg)
* 2 x 12.7 mm Berezin UB machine guns, nose-mounted (170 rpg = 340 total)

== Usage in battles ==


The Yak-9U offers incredible speed, acceleration, climb and manoeuvrability with the same complementary firepower. Unlike its VK-105 powered predecessors, which suffered significant power loss above 3,500 m, the VK-107 engine of the Yak-9U retains decent performance up to 5,000 m, allowing you to partake in the initial dogfight of a match without being at a massive disadvantage. Once the air battle has gone down to a lower altitude, your engine performance will go from good to incredible. With a sea level top speed of nearly 600 km/h there's not many planes that can catch or outrun you. Your acceleration, climb rate and energy retention are superior to most other aircraft as well. The turn rate, while not top notch, is still better than a good portion of your competition.

However, the Yak-9U is not without its flaws. The engine suffers from overheating at lower altitudes, and WEP should be used sparingly. Usage of Manual Engine Controls will slow down the overheating, but not eliminate it. Engine performance above 5,000 m is lacking compared to aircraft of other nations.The armament, while perfectly adequate against fighters, will struggle against heavier targets, and engaging heavy bombers is not recommended unless you're confident in your ability to get a pilot snipe. Due to a somewhat low wing rip speed, most aircraft will outdive you. The acceleration below 200 km/h IAS is poor compared to most fighters, and stall fighting should be avoided unless you started the fight with an energy advantage.

After takeoff, you should immediately start climbing up to 5,000 m. The optimal climb speed is around 250 km/h IAS. When initially engaged with the enemy, it's best to start off the fight slowly. Avoid losing altitude immediately. Try to employ hit and run tactics and conserve your ammo. Once all of the enemies in the area start dogfighting and losing altitude, it's time to become more aggressive. With the loss of altitude, you can start to capitalize on your excellent low down engine performance. Stick to boom and zoom tactics if possible, but don't be afraid of engaging in dogfights if necessary. If you find yourself in a bad situation, know that you can outrun and outaccelerate just about any plane that you can meet. Use your superior speed to disengage, and then re-engage after you've built up and energy advantage.

==== In ground & naval battles ====
The Yak-9U offers no bombs, rockets or any secondary payloads, it is an air supremacy fighter armed only with machine guns and cannons. They must be used to defend your ground forces or naval fleets from enemy bombers and fighter bombers. Stay high, use the boom and zoom tactics to your advantage - do not strafe tanks or ships, the 20 mm cannons only offer 120 rounds which will be needed in any air to air combat engagement.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent cockpit visibility
* Good handling and manoeuvrability at most speeds
* Good energy retention
* Good rate of climb
* Excellent acceleration above 150 km/h IAS
* Performs identically to the Yak-9P and Yak-9UT while being at a lower BR
* Nose-mounted weaponry

'''Cons:'''

* Relatively low ammo count
* Weaponry inadequate against sturdy targets
* Overheating is a very real issue, MEC will only delay it
* Lower wing rip speed than most of its peers
* Low thrust below 150 km/h IAS

== History ==


=== Historical design and development ===
During December 1943, the creation of a new airframe (Yak-9U) allowed the installation of the M-107A engine, which was more powerful than the previous VK-105PF. The engine mount was brand new and included individual faired exhaust pipes, wings, and fuselage structure that was made of metal while the whole aircraft received a covering of Bakelite skin. The horizontal tail surfaces were slightly reduced in order to afford the aircraft improved pitch control. The oil cooler intake was re-positioned from beneath the nose to the port wing root as well as an enlarged radiator bath being moved further aft under the fuselage. A supercharger intake was centred on the top decking of the engine cowling. The rear antenna cable was moved inside a lengthened rear canopy which featured a more aerodynamically refined shape with a modified fuselage deck contour. The The typical armament of the Yak-9U was a 20 mm (79 cal) ShVAK cannon with 120 rounds that was fired through the aircraft's hollow propeller shaft, and two 12.7 mm (50 cal) Berezin UB machine guns with 340 rounds.

[[File:Yakolev Yak-9U Frank.jpg|thumb|Yakovlev Yak-9U Frank]]
January to April 1944 marked the commencement of State trials and revealed that the Yak-9U had a superior top-speed compared to all fighters in service on the Eastern front at 6,000 m (19,685 ft). Unlike the [[I-185 (M-71)|I-185]] the Yak-9U was a much simpler to fly and stable aircraft. Ultimately the M-107A engine inherited all the problems of the VK-105PF engine. The engine was prone to overheating, oil leaks, loss of engine pressure during climbs, spark plugs constantly burning out, and intense vibrations which would fatigue assembly bolts leading to a short engine life. These defects forced the first production batches starting during April 1944 to be powered by the reliable M-105 PF-3 engine. Further changes would include the fuel capacity of the Yak-9U being upgraded to 400 L (106 US gal) and in order to re-balance the aircraft, the wings where moved 9.906 cm (3.9 in) forward and the aircraft's VlSh-107LO propeller being replaced with the older VISH-105S. A total production of 1,134 aircraft where constructed by December 1944.

The model in-game does not sport the production batch's modifications as it is the prototype trial model.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=yak-9u Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|aaTEkyzWsL0|'''{{PAGENAME}} "Aaand he's dead."''' - ''WeadraPlays''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://old-forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/109524-yakovlev-yak-9u/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Yakovlev}}
{{USSR fighters}}

SA 313B Alouette II

2024-01-21T15:39:42Z

U136146036: /* Pros and cons */ Alouette II does not have any other suspended armament besides the stock ATGMs and MG3s.

{{About
| about = French utility helicopter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Alouette (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=sa_313b_france
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} French utility helicopter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.87 "Locked On"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Heli-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - at sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 168 || 155 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}}
|-
! Upgraded
| 202 || 185
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Heli-Armour}}
''Examine the survivability of the helicopter. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical systems.''

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Heli-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Heli-Offensive}}

{{main|MG3 (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 7.62 mm MG3 machine guns (250 rpg = 1,000 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Heli-Suspended}}

{{main|AS.11}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 4 x AS.11 missiles

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in a helicopter, the features of using the helicopter in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Small size
* Stock ATGMs

'''Cons:'''

* Only 4 anti-tank missiles
* Low maximum speed means that it is slow to react

== History ==

With its excellent versatility, the Alouette II has been a proven and reliable light helicopter for roles such as reconnaissance, liaison, as well as uses in multiple militaries as a trainer. The story begins in 1955 when on March 12th the first prototype flew. Based off of the original SE.3120 Alouette, this design was simpler and easy to produce in comparison, and caught the attention of the French Government. This original design saw the use of Salmson 9 piston-powered engines, but later in development these were replaced by Turbomeca Artouste I turbine engines. The Alouette II the same year became the first rotorcraft to fly over 8,200 meters (26,900 ft), a record which it would break again at 10,900 meters (36,000 ft) in June of 1958. Originally designed, developed, and produced by French company Sud-Est, the company would later merge with Sud-Ouest in 1957 to form the newly named Sud-Aviation, creating some noticeable redesigned from the transition from Sud-Est to the new company. Production of the Alouette II was handled from 1957 to 1970 when Sud-Aviation merged with Nord Aviation, creating Aérospatiale who then, from 1970 to 1975, handled production of the helicopter under the new Aérospatiale nameplate.

The helicopter, while appearing frail, is quite robust as well as versatile in its uses. With a cockpit placed at the forward-most section of its rather small fuselage, it gives the pilot great all visibility through curved windscreens surrounding the cockpit. Entry and seating are also rather simple, with two doors (One on each side) opening up to a seating arrangement of 3-4 seats, including the pilot. This gave the helicopter great use as a transportation vehicle for personnel. The helicopter is powered by a single Turbomeca Artouste IIC6 putting out a downgraded 460 HP compared to the engines original 530 HP, and is situation atop the fuselage towards the rear near the network of struts that form the empennage. Along the tail-section housed the shaft driving the single tail-rotor. With a top-speed of 115 mph, it was by no means sluggish. Being able to retain a cruise speed of 106 mph with a 350-mile service range. This has been proven useful in a multitude of roles, such as anti-tank and anti-ship warfare, being fitted with wire-guided missile launchers as well as torpedoes when necessary. The use of ordnance proved very useful as its small size and relatively low profile gives it great survivability against small arms fire and ground-based anti-air threats. Now an over 60-year-old design, the helicopter is proving itself even today. With multiple militaries continuing to swear by the light-vehicles usability while others have or are planning to replace it. With notable operators such as Sweden, Switzerland, France, Germany, and India it has seen in both military and civil operations with great success and reliability. India for example produced the Alouette II locally with the help of Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) under the name "Lama", built with components of the later Alouette III, featuring the engine and main rotor sections. This variant was further produced, again by HAL, as the "Cheetah", both of which is still used by the Indian Air Force (IAF) as of 2021.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=sa_313b_france Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|2RX3Y1-HJHE|'''The Shooting Range #142''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:25 discusses the SUD Aviation Alouette.}}

== See also ==

* '''Rotor craft of the same family'''
** [[SA 313B Alouette II (Germany)]]

* '''Rotorcraft of comparable role, configuration and era'''
* [[Scout AH.Mk.1]]

== External links ==


* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=699 <nowiki>[Military Factory]</nowiki> Aerospatiale Alouette II]
* [https://weaponsparade.com/weapon/aerospatiale-sa-313b-sa-318c-alouette-ii/ <nowiki>[Weapons Parade]</nowiki> Aérospatiale SA-313B]

{{AirManufacturer Aerospatiale}}
{{France helicopters}}

Fw 190 A-4

2023-12-25T03:34:34Z

U136146036: /* Armaments */ Contrary to popular belief, Universal is not the best belt option for 7.92mm machineguns.

{{About
| about = German fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Fw 190 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=fw-190a-4
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.43]].

''"Würger"'' is the German nickname of this beast of a plane, or in English, Shrike. It can also be translated as ''slayer'', ''choker'', or ''strangler''. In that regard fits the English designation well too: ''"Butcher-bird"''

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,800 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 619 || 603 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 23.4 || 24.0 || 10.6 || 10.6 || rowspan="2" | 420
|-
! Upgraded
| 675 || 648 || 20.9 || 22.0 || 18.4 || 14.1
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 700 || 310 || ~13 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 420 || < 300 || < 550 || > 320
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 1,500 m || 1,520 hp || 1,727 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,300 m || 1,420 hp || 1,613 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 3 mm Steel - Fore engine cowling
* 5 mm Steel - Secondary engine cowling
* 5 mm Steel - Rear fuel tank plate
* 8 mm Steel - Pilot seat back
* 12 mm Steel - Headrest
* 57 mm Bulletproof glass
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 underneath pilot's feet, 1 below and behind pilot)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)|MG FF/M (20 mm)|MG 17 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, wing-mounted (250 rpg = 500 total)
* 2 x 20 mm MG FF/M cannons, wing-mounted (90 rpg = 180 total)
* 2 x 7.92 mm MG 17 machine guns, nose-mounted (900 rpg = 1,800 total)

Pilots who are really experienced with the aiming and hitting of the MG151/20 might want to use stealth belts on the MGs and cannons, to avoid being spotted by tracers. Using stealth belts on the machine guns only is also useful for aiming the cannon more easily without the distraction provided by the light machine gun tracers.

The best belts for the 7.92 mm MG 17, depending on your intended target:

* Air targets: Default (AP-T/AI/AP-I)
* Ground targets: Tracer (AP-T)

The best ammunition available for use with machine guns is the stock belt. The stock belt features just three shell types: Adjustment Incendiary, Armor Piercing Tracer, and Armor Piercing Incendiary, meaning that the machine gun will cycle through the belt quicker, and thus resulting in a higher output of incendiary bullets compared to other belts.

The best belts for the 20 mm MG 151, depending on your intended target are:

* Air targets: Air targets (AP-I/HEI/HEI/HEI/HEI/IT) - Consisting of 2/3 Minengeschoß rounds, this belt is very effective against any aircraft.
* Ground targets: Armoured targets (APHE/APHE/APHE/IT)

The best ammo to use for both cannons is the Air Target belts. They will destroy fighters and bombers faster than tracers. They are different for both cannons, however. For the MG 151s they have a high explosive incendiary shell, armour-piercing shell, and incendiary tracer shell. The MG FF/Ms have high explosive incendiary shell, Fragmentation incendiary tracer shell (self-destroying) and armour piercing high explosive shell.

The best belts for the 20 mm MG FF/M are:

*Air Targets (FI-T*/HEI/HEI/FI-T*/HEI/HEI/APHE)
*Stealth (APHE/HEI/HEI/HEI/AP-I)

The Minengeschoß (HEI) round is the star performer for this gun, so the belts that maximize that round are usually the best.

In the Modifications menu, both cannon are only listed as "Offensive 20 mm"; the MG 151 is on the left and the MG FF/M is on the right.

== Usage in battles ==

The A-4 is a punishing Boom & Zoom fighter. The armament is fantastic and dive speed/top-speed is very good. Use this to your advantage. As should be familiar now with the previous Focke-Wulf (and future models), the turning capabilities of this plane are very poor. Dogfighting is not recommended with the Fw 190.

This should not discourage you from seizing opportunities, however. A Fw 190 A-4 in a balanced furball can be devastating when acting as a wingman, keeping other fighters from attacking your teammates. These opponents are less focused on evading you, as they are busy trying to attack your allies, giving you the time to line up the shot. As soon as the fight begins to tip in the enemies' favour, it's time for you to make a quick disappearance, as enemies actively trying to get on your tail will almost always succeed.

The 190-A4's weapon set is fantastic, too. Four 20 mm cannons are more than enough to rip any plane to shreds and the backup MGs, while not particularly damaging against other fighters at this tier, are great for strafing light ground targets like AA guns. Your firepower is only rivalled by the Airacobras and the twin-engine heavy fighters.

The Fw 190 A-4, as all the planes in this line, are some of the best Boom & Zoomers in the game and should be flown exclusively in this style. But like the [[Fw 190 A-1]], it is one of the more manoeuvrable Focke-Wulfs. The performance at high speeds is excellent, as is it's dive and climb characteristics. Do not ever engage this aircraft in a turn fight as this will usually end badly. Instead, fight primarily in the vertical. Always try to have an altitude or speed advantage over your opponents (climb off to the side at the start of the battle and then enter the highest battle you come across).

In the defensive, as in the previous plane, you can often just dive away from most planes at high speed. In a dive, the 190 can, due to its short wings, pull quite some stunts to lose your attacker or even cause him to lose his wings! Again, be sure to regain your energy and altitude after a fight.

The best tactic for this plane is Boom and Zoom tactics, although careful energy-fighting works well too at higher speeds. There are generally two types of Boom & Zoom strategies: Tailing Boom & Zoom or Burst Boom & Zoom:

A '''Tailing Boom & Zoom''' is when the pilot sweeps in behind a target and follows (or "tails") him for a few seconds before breaking away. The benefit of doing this is that the attacker has a longer time to aim and take down the target. This comes at the cost of having less energy to climb back up afterwards, and you are a fairly easy target for other nearby enemies.

If you remain behind your target for too long, you will lose too much energy and won't be able to climb back up to safety. Any turning involved makes your situation worse, though remember that smart foes in more agile planes will often try to counter this tactic by baiting you into a turn. Keeping their plane just out of your sights entices you to keep following them for just another second more until they've drained your speed and then you will be a slow, easy target.

'''Burst Boom & Zoom''' is when a pilot dives down directly onto an enemy, fires a 1-2 second burst at close range, and immediately zooms back up to a safe altitude. The benefits of this tactic, as opposed to the former, is you have far more speed to climb back up and you will be safer from return fire, as you will have spent less time in the enemy's "zone". The problem with this is that you have far less time to shoot, and may not even damage the enemy if your aim is off even by a little.

===Specific enemies worth noting===

Some planes, you might see which are very deadly opponents are the: [[Spitfire F Mk IX|Spitfires]], [[Typhoon Mk Ib/L|Typhoons]], [[Beaufighter Mk 21|Beaufighters]], [[P-51D-5|Mustangs]], [[Yak-9U|Yakovlevs]], [[B-17E/L|B-17s]], [[XP-50|XP-50s]] and the [[Wellington Mk Ic/L|Wellingtons]] These planes should not be underestimated, they can all fight this aircraft extremely well.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent firepower
* Excellent roll rate for defensive manoeuvres
* Great energy retention and great acceleration in dives
* Good climb rate
* Good top speed
* Good supply of cannon ammo for MG 151
* Engine almost never overheats even on WEP
* Excellent flaps
* Good frontal protection for the pilot

'''Cons:'''

* Loses power above 5,000 m (16,400 ft) steadily
* Stalls quickly, and is difficult to control once stalled
* Very bad turn rate, as a trade-off for the high dive speed
* Terrible stock grind
* Only 90 rounds per gun for MG FF/M
* Sluggish at lower speeds (around <350 km/h)
* Engine is prone to catch fire in head-ons

== History ==


{{main|Fw_190_A-1#History|l1=History of the Fw 190 A-1}}

===Development===
After shortcomings of the A-1 were identified, the Fw 190 was continuously improved. This led to the following variants:

* Fw 190 A-2: first introduced in October 1941, it saw the introduction of the improved engine BMW 801 C-2 and two 20 mm MG 151/20 cannons replacing both wing-mounted 7.92 mm MGs,
* Fw 190 A-3: it saw an increase in power to 1,700 PS with the BMW 801 D-2 engine. It retained the same weaponry as the A-2. The FuG 7 HF radio was switched to the FuG 16 VHF radio, giving it a longer range.
* Fw 190 A-4: introduced in July 1942, the A-4 was the same aircraft as the A-3. The main improvement was the water-methanol power boost system "MW 50" for the BMW 801 engine. The system injected for a short period of time a water-methanol mix into the cylinders to raise the engine's power limit. The methanol was intended as anti-freeze. The {{PAGENAME}} went into production in late 1942 and 975 units were produced in 1942 and 1943.

===Combat usage===
The {{PAGENAME}} saw combat extensively on all fronts:

* It was the first Fw 190 to see combat on the Eastern front in 1942 thanks to its water-methanol power boost system.
* The tropical variant of the A-4 was sent in Libya to support the Afrika Korps in 1942.
* The first unit created to intercept USAF and RAF bomber formations in 1943 was equipped with Fw 190 A-4s.
* Fighter squadrons stationed in France also received the A-4 in 1943 and used its dual role as fighter-bomber to harass English coastal towns.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=fw-190a-4 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|t3xD7JpnHeI|'''Best aircraft for Boom & Zoom''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 2:27 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|F-fGJt6dVoU|'''Realistic: {{PAGENAME}}''' - ''Jengar''|pNNDfnXOMSo|'''{{PAGENAME}} Defensive Techniques Tutorial I''' - ''Green Fury''|_xdMVz4-XP8|'''{{PAGENAME}} Defensive Techniques VS Spitfires Tutorial II''' - ''Green Fury''|vtCKzvbLfNg|'''The Shooting Range #18''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 03:03 discusses the Fw 190A.|7u73BAg9k9Y|'''{{PAGENAME}} - Fear No-One''' - ''tx141T''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Fw 190 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.ru/index.php?/topic/116454-fw-190-a-4/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance (Russian Forum)]
* [[wikipedia:Focke-Wulf_Fw_190|[Wikipedia] Focke-Wulf Fw 190]]
* [http://www.airvectors.net/avfw190.html <nowiki>[Air Vectors]</nowiki> The Focke-Wulf Fw 190]

{{AirManufacturer Focke-Wulf}}
{{Germany fighters}}

Hunter F.58 (Germany)

2023-12-11T13:03:17Z

U136146036: /* Survivability and armour */

{{About
|about = squadron jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage = other versions
|link = Hunter (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=hunter_f58_switzerland
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' with a tail number of J-4020, was one of the Hawker Hunters in Swiss Air Force service and a member of the ''Patrouille Suisse'' ("Swiss Patrol") Aerobatic Team. This aircraft with factory code 41H-691768 was first flown on 4th February 1958, and subsequently joined the Swiss Air Force during the 1960s alongside another 87 F.58 (exported [[Hunter F.6|F.6]]). These jets were further upgraded under the KAWEST (Kampfwertsteigerung; Increased Operational Performance) in 1964 with RWR, an ECM pod, and chaff dispensers,as well as capabilities to launch AIM-9 and AGM-65B, turning it into a multi-role fighter for the Swiss until they were replaced by the [[F-5E]]. The remaining fleet of Hunters with the special livery of the ''Patrouille Suisse'' eventually retired in 1994 and the jet represented in-game is currently displayed at the northern corner of Dübendorf Airfield on the outskirts of Zurich.

The jet was introduced in [[Update "Sky Guardians"]] as a squadron vehicle in the German aviation tech tree and introduced Switzerland into the game. Unlike the [[Hunter FGA.9|FGA.9]] or [[Hunter F.6|F.6]] in the British tech tree, the F.58 has access to more advanced missile options including the AIM-9P and AGM-65B, as well as RWR and countermeasures to fend against enemy acquisition. Although it will face more advanced supersonic jets which sometimes have radar-guided missiles or all-aspect AAMs, if picking enemies which has depleted their energy or lacking situation awareness, the ADEN autocannons and missiles will make very short work of them, while the Hunter can fly away from the battlefield with its good energy retention and countermeasures onboard.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Hunter F.58 performs similar to other Hunters, particularly the [[Hunter FGA.9]], as they host the same Rolls-Royce Avon Mk.207 powerplant. As with most other Hunters, the F.58 handles poorly at low speeds, thus, turning and rate fighting is not advised. However, thanks to a decent acceleration, the Hunter can reach speeds exceeding 800 km/h. The Hunter at higher speeds possess quite a decent turn rate, able to maintain 9-10 Gs. Coupled with the excellent energy retention of this aircraft, the Hunter F.58 can be a formidable aircraft in the hands of a competent pilot.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,138 || 1,132 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.5 || 26.3 || 53.3 || 46.2 || rowspan="2" | 820
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,158 || 1,148 || 24.6 || 25.0 || 88.5 || 69.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,225  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 603 || 581 || 465 || ~14 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 850 || < 600 || < 690 || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="3" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="1" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full internal fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Rolls-Royce Avon Mk.207 || 1
| colspan="1" | 6,209 kg || colspan="2" | 240 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="2" | Mass with internal fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 3m fuel || 13m fuel
|-
| 1,175 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 6,620 kg || 7,578 kg || 10,216 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="3" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 3m fuel || 13m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 4,272 kgf || -
| 0.65 || 0.56 || 0.42
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 5,229 kgf (1,225 km/h) || -
| 0.79 || 0.69 || 0.51
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

Like other Hunter variants, the Hunter F.58 has quite a survivable airframe. Being able to withstand hits from medium-calibre cannon fire, even being able to withstand hits to critical components such as the wings, engine, etc. However, like most other aircraft, the Hunter is not a bunker. Large-calibre cannons like ADENs will easily tear your plane apart.

The Hunter, like all other variants, feature only a 64 mm bullet proof glass in front of the pilot, with a 12.7 mm steel plate behind the pilot.

This Hunter, however, unlike any other Hunter variant, features 60 countermeasures for use against guided munitions.

It is essential for you to die as soon as possible after dispensing your misery onto enemy fighters, since the Hunter F.58 becomes tiresome to use in the late game and will often slap you with a 10,000 SL fine. This is negated with the repair cost based on lifetime system.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|ADEN (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 30 mm ADEN cannons, chin-mounted (150 rpg = 600 total)
* 60 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="4%" | 1 !! width="4%" | 2 !! width="4%" | 3 !! width="4%" | 4 !! width="4%" | 5 !! width="4%" | 6 !! width="4%" | 7 !! width="4%" | 8 !! width="4%" | 9 !! width="4%" | 10 !! width="4%" | 11 !! width="4%" | 12
| rowspan="10" width="25%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! [[Sprengbombe (200 kg)|200 kg Sprengbombe]] bombs
| || 1, 2* || || || || || || || || || 1, 2* ||
|-
! [[Sprengbombe (400 kg)|400 kg Sprengbombe]] bombs
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Sprengbombe 68/70 (450 kg)|450 kg Sprengbombe 68/70]] bombs
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[FeBb Napalmbombe incendiary]] bombs
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Flz.-Rakete Oerlikon]] rockets
| 2* || || 2 || 2 || || 4 || 4 || || 2 || 2 || || 2*
|-
! [[Flz Lwf 63/80]] missiles
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Flz Lwf LB 82]] missiles
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! 150 gal drop tanks
| || || || || 1 || || || 1 || || || ||
|-
| colspan="13" | Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 500 kg
|-
| colspan="14" | * Dual bombs on hardpoints 2/11 cannot be equipped in conjunction with rockets on hardpoints 1/12 respectively
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* 2 x 150 gal drop tanks
* 2 x Flz Lwf 63/80 missiles
* 4 x 200 kg Sprengbombe bombs (800 kg total)
* 2 x FeBb Napalmbombe incendiary bombs
* 2 x 400 kg Sprengbombe bombs (800 kg total)
* 2 x 450 kg Sprengbombe 68/70 bombs (900 kg total)
* 20 x Flz.-Rakete Oerlikon rockets
* 2 x Flz Lwf LB 82 missiles
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==

The Hunter F.58 is a transonic aircraft in level flight but can reach supersonic speed in a dive (but rated at exactly M1.0 before structural failure). That means that it is faster than other subsonic aircraft (one of the fastest subsonic jet, just behind the duo "Jump-jet": [[Yak-38M]] and [[AV-8C|US Harriers]]) it will face, and slower than just about everything else you'll face. Thanks to the upgrades by Swiss in 1964, the F.58 received more self-defense equipment such as all-aspect RWR and 60 countermeasures onboard - it can be said that the jet is old but not obsolete.

==== Air - the Swiss Patrol ====
A thumb of rule for jet fighters is that: always maintain your energy for any situation. Thanks to its excellent design and sufficiently high engine power for such a huge jet, the energy retention is almost an order of magnitude higher than supersonic aircraft, which bleed speed in sharp turns, this can be both a blessing and a curse, when in a prolonged turning engagement, your energy retention advantage will allow you to pull away from a supersonic at the end of a turn; however, most supersonics, after ending up behind you, will immediately catch up to you and place a Magic 1 in your tailpipe. In many situations, when you have a supersonic on your tail, making them overshoot is very difficult due to your energy retention and their manoeuvrability, but if you can, the [[Flz Lwf 63/80]] will make short work of them as finishing them off from afar is always better than being forced into a dogfight. When facing subsonic aircraft, simply outrun them with your superior speed and gain sufficient distance for a return; try not to engage in a turnfight with subsonic aircraft such as MiGs (15 and 17, both Russian and Chinese variants) and late variants of the F-86 Sabre (starting from F-86F-25 which feature slats; while F-86K or Canadair Sabres have better engine to keep up with Hunter, however, it is highly unlikely you'll face either of them), as they are often able to best you in a dogfight, especially at low speeds, where the Hunter really shows its weaknesses - its huge size and worse manoeuvrability at such speed. The plane, under most circumstances, does not rip it's wings, even under extended, high G turns; although if you combine a 9-10 G turn and roll or yaw, the plane can rip. Unlike some other planes, you have almost no chance of making it back to the airfield with a broken wing. This Hunter also has access to the Flz Lwf 63/80 air-to-air missiles, which work as [[AIM-9P Sidewinder]]; for players who have been used to AIM-9E or SRAAM on other Hunters, the 63/80 can make sure careless players who don't check their 6 o'clock meet their end quickly.

Another note for the Hunter is that, thanks to the upgrades mentioned before, players can now more confident when facing later supersonic jets with SARH missiles like F-4C or MiG-21S. This will also be the good time to learn about the characteristics of SARH missiles - with up to 60 chaffs available, flying sideways and dive for terrain while dispensing chaffs can make sure enemy SARH missiles will likely uncage from yourself.

==== Ground - the Lesser Ground-pounder ====
While Swiss purchased the F.58 variant which was based on the F.6 with ground-attack capabilities, likely due to the revised avionics onboard or the need for drop tanks, the payload options is in fact relatively less than his Commonwealth cousins: only the outer-board pylon could carry bombs, unguided rockets and the [[Flz Lwf LB 82]] (AGM-65B) missiles. Although there are alternatives with more payload such as [[F-84F (Germany)|F-84F]] or with more AGMs like [[G.91 R/3 (Germany)|G.91 R/3]], if players insist to bring out Hunter, the varieties of bombs ranging from 200 to 450 kg, as well as unguided rockets and napalms can still make sure it can score some victories at cleared skies (cleared from SPAAs or enemy interceptors); due to the lack of ballistic computer, players will still have to learn the trajectory of different payloads in test flights. As mentioned before, what makes F.58 stand out is the LB 82 missiles, players of USAF tree will be happy to learn that it is the other name of AGM-65B Maverick but under Swiss designation; this also makes it the second-earliest jet to equip the Maverick stand-off missiles (after [[Ayit|Israel's 9.3 Ayit]] with AGM-65A's) against high-threat targets such as Soviet MBTs or SPAA with missile systems onboard. Be sure to utilize the upgraded avionics for better situational awareness from different threats - the speed of the Hunter is still valuable even at its tier with supersonic jets.

=== Pros and cons ===
'''Pros:'''

* Sufficient ammo pool to take down multiple targets
* One of the fastest subsonic jets, retains decent manoeuvrability at higher speeds
* Good energy retention for energy fights against subsonic or early supersonic jets
* Access to more advanced missiles for both A2A/A2G missions
* Advanced avionics over all its Hunter cousins
** All-aspect RWR for situational awareness
** Flares/chaff to help counter those types of missiles

'''Cons:'''

* Huge target, can be easy prey to enemy gunfire
* Becomes a brick at speeds below 600 km/h.
* Lacks ballistic computer for precise ground attacks
* Relatively limited payload options due to pylon layouts
* Due to its high BR, the F.58 will always face supersonic aircraft, rendering the energy fighter essentially useless

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=hunter_f58_switzerland Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="200">
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper001.jpg
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper002.jpg
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper003.jpg
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper004.jpg
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper005.jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|WgmbLGEVWGg|'''The Shooting Range #352''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:23 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|IHFTE_5EtH8|'''And The Best Hunter Award Goes To.... Germany - Hunter F.58 -Sky Guardians''' - ''DEFYN''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Hunter (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8142-development-squadron-vehicles-hunter-f-58-en|[Devblog] Squadron vehicles: Hunter F.58]]

{{AirManufacturer Hawker}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}
{{Squadron aircraft}}

Hunter F.58 (Germany)

2023-12-11T12:58:58Z

U136146036: /* Air - the Swiss Patrol */ Updated info to accomodate for the current meta.

{{About
|about = squadron jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage = other versions
|link = Hunter (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=hunter_f58_switzerland
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' with a tail number of J-4020, was one of the Hawker Hunters in Swiss Air Force service and a member of the ''Patrouille Suisse'' ("Swiss Patrol") Aerobatic Team. This aircraft with factory code 41H-691768 was first flown on 4th February 1958, and subsequently joined the Swiss Air Force during the 1960s alongside another 87 F.58 (exported [[Hunter F.6|F.6]]). These jets were further upgraded under the KAWEST (Kampfwertsteigerung; Increased Operational Performance) in 1964 with RWR, an ECM pod, and chaff dispensers,as well as capabilities to launch AIM-9 and AGM-65B, turning it into a multi-role fighter for the Swiss until they were replaced by the [[F-5E]]. The remaining fleet of Hunters with the special livery of the ''Patrouille Suisse'' eventually retired in 1994 and the jet represented in-game is currently displayed at the northern corner of Dübendorf Airfield on the outskirts of Zurich.

The jet was introduced in [[Update "Sky Guardians"]] as a squadron vehicle in the German aviation tech tree and introduced Switzerland into the game. Unlike the [[Hunter FGA.9|FGA.9]] or [[Hunter F.6|F.6]] in the British tech tree, the F.58 has access to more advanced missile options including the AIM-9P and AGM-65B, as well as RWR and countermeasures to fend against enemy acquisition. Although it will face more advanced supersonic jets which sometimes have radar-guided missiles or all-aspect AAMs, if picking enemies which has depleted their energy or lacking situation awareness, the ADEN autocannons and missiles will make very short work of them, while the Hunter can fly away from the battlefield with its good energy retention and countermeasures onboard.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Hunter F.58 performs similar to other Hunters, particularly the [[Hunter FGA.9]], as they host the same Rolls-Royce Avon Mk.207 powerplant. As with most other Hunters, the F.58 handles poorly at low speeds, thus, turning and rate fighting is not advised. However, thanks to a decent acceleration, the Hunter can reach speeds exceeding 800 km/h. The Hunter at higher speeds possess quite a decent turn rate, able to maintain 9-10 Gs. Coupled with the excellent energy retention of this aircraft, the Hunter F.58 can be a formidable aircraft in the hands of a competent pilot.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,138 || 1,132 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.5 || 26.3 || 53.3 || 46.2 || rowspan="2" | 820
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,158 || 1,148 || 24.6 || 25.0 || 88.5 || 69.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,225  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 603 || 581 || 465 || ~14 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 850 || < 600 || < 690 || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="3" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="1" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full internal fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Rolls-Royce Avon Mk.207 || 1
| colspan="1" | 6,209 kg || colspan="2" | 240 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="2" | Mass with internal fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 3m fuel || 13m fuel
|-
| 1,175 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 6,620 kg || 7,578 kg || 10,216 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="3" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 3m fuel || 13m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 4,272 kgf || -
| 0.65 || 0.56 || 0.42
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 5,229 kgf (1,225 km/h) || -
| 0.79 || 0.69 || 0.51
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

Like other Hunter variants, the Hunter F.58 has quite a survivable airframe. Being able to withstand hits from medium-calibre cannon fire, even being able to withstand hits to critical components such as the wings, engine, etc. However, like most other aircraft, the Hunter is not a bunker. Large-calibre cannons like ADENs will easily tear your plane apart.

The Hunter, like all other variants, feature only a 64 mm bullet proof glass in front of the pilot, with a 12.7 mm steel plate behind the pilot.

This Hunter, however, unlike any other Hunter variant, features 60 countermeasures for use against guided munitions.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|ADEN (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 30 mm ADEN cannons, chin-mounted (150 rpg = 600 total)
* 60 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="4%" | 1 !! width="4%" | 2 !! width="4%" | 3 !! width="4%" | 4 !! width="4%" | 5 !! width="4%" | 6 !! width="4%" | 7 !! width="4%" | 8 !! width="4%" | 9 !! width="4%" | 10 !! width="4%" | 11 !! width="4%" | 12
| rowspan="10" width="25%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! [[Sprengbombe (200 kg)|200 kg Sprengbombe]] bombs
| || 1, 2* || || || || || || || || || 1, 2* ||
|-
! [[Sprengbombe (400 kg)|400 kg Sprengbombe]] bombs
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Sprengbombe 68/70 (450 kg)|450 kg Sprengbombe 68/70]] bombs
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[FeBb Napalmbombe incendiary]] bombs
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Flz.-Rakete Oerlikon]] rockets
| 2* || || 2 || 2 || || 4 || 4 || || 2 || 2 || || 2*
|-
! [[Flz Lwf 63/80]] missiles
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Flz Lwf LB 82]] missiles
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! 150 gal drop tanks
| || || || || 1 || || || 1 || || || ||
|-
| colspan="13" | Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 500 kg
|-
| colspan="14" | * Dual bombs on hardpoints 2/11 cannot be equipped in conjunction with rockets on hardpoints 1/12 respectively
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* 2 x 150 gal drop tanks
* 2 x Flz Lwf 63/80 missiles
* 4 x 200 kg Sprengbombe bombs (800 kg total)
* 2 x FeBb Napalmbombe incendiary bombs
* 2 x 400 kg Sprengbombe bombs (800 kg total)
* 2 x 450 kg Sprengbombe 68/70 bombs (900 kg total)
* 20 x Flz.-Rakete Oerlikon rockets
* 2 x Flz Lwf LB 82 missiles
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==

The Hunter F.58 is a transonic aircraft in level flight but can reach supersonic speed in a dive (but rated at exactly M1.0 before structural failure). That means that it is faster than other subsonic aircraft (one of the fastest subsonic jet, just behind the duo "Jump-jet": [[Yak-38M]] and [[AV-8C|US Harriers]]) it will face, and slower than just about everything else you'll face. Thanks to the upgrades by Swiss in 1964, the F.58 received more self-defense equipment such as all-aspect RWR and 60 countermeasures onboard - it can be said that the jet is old but not obsolete.

==== Air - the Swiss Patrol ====
A thumb of rule for jet fighters is that: always maintain your energy for any situation. Thanks to its excellent design and sufficiently high engine power for such a huge jet, the energy retention is almost an order of magnitude higher than supersonic aircraft, which bleed speed in sharp turns, this can be both a blessing and a curse, when in a prolonged turning engagement, your energy retention advantage will allow you to pull away from a supersonic at the end of a turn; however, most supersonics, after ending up behind you, will immediately catch up to you and place a Magic 1 in your tailpipe. In many situations, when you have a supersonic on your tail, making them overshoot is very difficult due to your energy retention and their manoeuvrability, but if you can, the [[Flz Lwf 63/80]] will make short work of them as finishing them off from afar is always better than being forced into a dogfight. When facing subsonic aircraft, simply outrun them with your superior speed and gain sufficient distance for a return; try not to engage in a turnfight with subsonic aircraft such as MiGs (15 and 17, both Russian and Chinese variants) and late variants of the F-86 Sabre (starting from F-86F-25 which feature slats; while F-86K or Canadair Sabres have better engine to keep up with Hunter, however, it is highly unlikely you'll face either of them), as they are often able to best you in a dogfight, especially at low speeds, where the Hunter really shows its weaknesses - its huge size and worse manoeuvrability at such speed. The plane, under most circumstances, does not rip it's wings, even under extended, high G turns; although if you combine a 9-10 G turn and roll or yaw, the plane can rip. Unlike some other planes, you have almost no chance of making it back to the airfield with a broken wing. This Hunter also has access to the Flz Lwf 63/80 air-to-air missiles, which work as [[AIM-9P Sidewinder]]; for players who have been used to AIM-9E or SRAAM on other Hunters, the 63/80 can make sure careless players who don't check their 6 o'clock meet their end quickly.

Another note for the Hunter is that, thanks to the upgrades mentioned before, players can now more confident when facing later supersonic jets with SARH missiles like F-4C or MiG-21S. This will also be the good time to learn about the characteristics of SARH missiles - with up to 60 chaffs available, flying sideways and dive for terrain while dispensing chaffs can make sure enemy SARH missiles will likely uncage from yourself.

==== Ground - the Lesser Ground-pounder ====
While Swiss purchased the F.58 variant which was based on the F.6 with ground-attack capabilities, likely due to the revised avionics onboard or the need for drop tanks, the payload options is in fact relatively less than his Commonwealth cousins: only the outer-board pylon could carry bombs, unguided rockets and the [[Flz Lwf LB 82]] (AGM-65B) missiles. Although there are alternatives with more payload such as [[F-84F (Germany)|F-84F]] or with more AGMs like [[G.91 R/3 (Germany)|G.91 R/3]], if players insist to bring out Hunter, the varieties of bombs ranging from 200 to 450 kg, as well as unguided rockets and napalms can still make sure it can score some victories at cleared skies (cleared from SPAAs or enemy interceptors); due to the lack of ballistic computer, players will still have to learn the trajectory of different payloads in test flights. As mentioned before, what makes F.58 stand out is the LB 82 missiles, players of USAF tree will be happy to learn that it is the other name of AGM-65B Maverick but under Swiss designation; this also makes it the second-earliest jet to equip the Maverick stand-off missiles (after [[Ayit|Israel's 9.3 Ayit]] with AGM-65A's) against high-threat targets such as Soviet MBTs or SPAA with missile systems onboard. Be sure to utilize the upgraded avionics for better situational awareness from different threats - the speed of the Hunter is still valuable even at its tier with supersonic jets.

=== Pros and cons ===
'''Pros:'''

* Sufficient ammo pool to take down multiple targets
* One of the fastest subsonic jets, retains decent manoeuvrability at higher speeds
* Good energy retention for energy fights against subsonic or early supersonic jets
* Access to more advanced missiles for both A2A/A2G missions
* Advanced avionics over all its Hunter cousins
** All-aspect RWR for situational awareness
** Flares/chaff to help counter those types of missiles

'''Cons:'''

* Huge target, can be easy prey to enemy gunfire
* Becomes a brick at speeds below 600 km/h.
* Lacks ballistic computer for precise ground attacks
* Relatively limited payload options due to pylon layouts
* Due to its high BR, the F.58 will always face supersonic aircraft, rendering the energy fighter essentially useless

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=hunter_f58_switzerland Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="200">
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper001.jpg
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper002.jpg
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper003.jpg
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper004.jpg
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper005.jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|WgmbLGEVWGg|'''The Shooting Range #352''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:23 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|IHFTE_5EtH8|'''And The Best Hunter Award Goes To.... Germany - Hunter F.58 -Sky Guardians''' - ''DEFYN''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Hunter (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8142-development-squadron-vehicles-hunter-f-58-en|[Devblog] Squadron vehicles: Hunter F.58]]

{{AirManufacturer Hawker}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}
{{Squadron aircraft}}

Hunter F.58 (Germany)

2023-12-11T12:56:13Z

U136146036: /* Usage in battles */

{{About
|about = squadron jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage = other versions
|link = Hunter (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=hunter_f58_switzerland
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' with a tail number of J-4020, was one of the Hawker Hunters in Swiss Air Force service and a member of the ''Patrouille Suisse'' ("Swiss Patrol") Aerobatic Team. This aircraft with factory code 41H-691768 was first flown on 4th February 1958, and subsequently joined the Swiss Air Force during the 1960s alongside another 87 F.58 (exported [[Hunter F.6|F.6]]). These jets were further upgraded under the KAWEST (Kampfwertsteigerung; Increased Operational Performance) in 1964 with RWR, an ECM pod, and chaff dispensers,as well as capabilities to launch AIM-9 and AGM-65B, turning it into a multi-role fighter for the Swiss until they were replaced by the [[F-5E]]. The remaining fleet of Hunters with the special livery of the ''Patrouille Suisse'' eventually retired in 1994 and the jet represented in-game is currently displayed at the northern corner of Dübendorf Airfield on the outskirts of Zurich.

The jet was introduced in [[Update "Sky Guardians"]] as a squadron vehicle in the German aviation tech tree and introduced Switzerland into the game. Unlike the [[Hunter FGA.9|FGA.9]] or [[Hunter F.6|F.6]] in the British tech tree, the F.58 has access to more advanced missile options including the AIM-9P and AGM-65B, as well as RWR and countermeasures to fend against enemy acquisition. Although it will face more advanced supersonic jets which sometimes have radar-guided missiles or all-aspect AAMs, if picking enemies which has depleted their energy or lacking situation awareness, the ADEN autocannons and missiles will make very short work of them, while the Hunter can fly away from the battlefield with its good energy retention and countermeasures onboard.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Hunter F.58 performs similar to other Hunters, particularly the [[Hunter FGA.9]], as they host the same Rolls-Royce Avon Mk.207 powerplant. As with most other Hunters, the F.58 handles poorly at low speeds, thus, turning and rate fighting is not advised. However, thanks to a decent acceleration, the Hunter can reach speeds exceeding 800 km/h. The Hunter at higher speeds possess quite a decent turn rate, able to maintain 9-10 Gs. Coupled with the excellent energy retention of this aircraft, the Hunter F.58 can be a formidable aircraft in the hands of a competent pilot.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,138 || 1,132 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.5 || 26.3 || 53.3 || 46.2 || rowspan="2" | 820
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,158 || 1,148 || 24.6 || 25.0 || 88.5 || 69.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,225  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 603 || 581 || 465 || ~14 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 850 || < 600 || < 690 || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="3" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="1" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full internal fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Rolls-Royce Avon Mk.207 || 1
| colspan="1" | 6,209 kg || colspan="2" | 240 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="2" | Mass with internal fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 3m fuel || 13m fuel
|-
| 1,175 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 6,620 kg || 7,578 kg || 10,216 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="3" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 3m fuel || 13m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 4,272 kgf || -
| 0.65 || 0.56 || 0.42
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 5,229 kgf (1,225 km/h) || -
| 0.79 || 0.69 || 0.51
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

Like other Hunter variants, the Hunter F.58 has quite a survivable airframe. Being able to withstand hits from medium-calibre cannon fire, even being able to withstand hits to critical components such as the wings, engine, etc. However, like most other aircraft, the Hunter is not a bunker. Large-calibre cannons like ADENs will easily tear your plane apart.

The Hunter, like all other variants, feature only a 64 mm bullet proof glass in front of the pilot, with a 12.7 mm steel plate behind the pilot.

This Hunter, however, unlike any other Hunter variant, features 60 countermeasures for use against guided munitions.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|ADEN (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 30 mm ADEN cannons, chin-mounted (150 rpg = 600 total)
* 60 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="4%" | 1 !! width="4%" | 2 !! width="4%" | 3 !! width="4%" | 4 !! width="4%" | 5 !! width="4%" | 6 !! width="4%" | 7 !! width="4%" | 8 !! width="4%" | 9 !! width="4%" | 10 !! width="4%" | 11 !! width="4%" | 12
| rowspan="10" width="25%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! [[Sprengbombe (200 kg)|200 kg Sprengbombe]] bombs
| || 1, 2* || || || || || || || || || 1, 2* ||
|-
! [[Sprengbombe (400 kg)|400 kg Sprengbombe]] bombs
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Sprengbombe 68/70 (450 kg)|450 kg Sprengbombe 68/70]] bombs
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[FeBb Napalmbombe incendiary]] bombs
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Flz.-Rakete Oerlikon]] rockets
| 2* || || 2 || 2 || || 4 || 4 || || 2 || 2 || || 2*
|-
! [[Flz Lwf 63/80]] missiles
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Flz Lwf LB 82]] missiles
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! 150 gal drop tanks
| || || || || 1 || || || 1 || || || ||
|-
| colspan="13" | Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 500 kg
|-
| colspan="14" | * Dual bombs on hardpoints 2/11 cannot be equipped in conjunction with rockets on hardpoints 1/12 respectively
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* 2 x 150 gal drop tanks
* 2 x Flz Lwf 63/80 missiles
* 4 x 200 kg Sprengbombe bombs (800 kg total)
* 2 x FeBb Napalmbombe incendiary bombs
* 2 x 400 kg Sprengbombe bombs (800 kg total)
* 2 x 450 kg Sprengbombe 68/70 bombs (900 kg total)
* 20 x Flz.-Rakete Oerlikon rockets
* 2 x Flz Lwf LB 82 missiles
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==

The Hunter F.58 is a transonic aircraft in level flight but can reach supersonic speed in a dive (but rated at exactly M1.0 before structural failure). That means that it is faster than other subsonic aircraft (one of the fastest subsonic jet, just behind the duo "Jump-jet": [[Yak-38M]] and [[AV-8C|US Harriers]]) it will face, and slower than just about everything else you'll face. Thanks to the upgrades by Swiss in 1964, the F.58 received more self-defense equipment such as all-aspect RWR and 60 countermeasures onboard - it can be said that the jet is old but not obsolete.

==== Air - the Swiss Patrol ====
A thumb of rule for jet fighters is that: always maintain your energy for any situation. Thanks to its excellent design and sufficiently high engine power for such a huge jet, the energy retention is almost an order of magnitude higher than supersonic aircraft, which bleed speed in sharp turns, this can be both a blessing and a curse, when in a prolonged turning engagement, your energy retention advantage will allow you to pull away from a supersonic at the end of a turn; however, a plane such as the F-100D can trade its AoA with its speed to stay on your tail. In many situations, when you have a supersonic on your tail, making them overshoot is very difficult, but if you can, the [[Flz Lwf 63/80]] will make short work of them as finishing them off from afar is always better than being forced into a dogfight (where most subsonic fighters don't have countermeasures). When facing subsonic aircraft, simply outrun them with your superior speed and gain sufficient distance for a return; try not to engage in a turnfight with subsonic aircraft such as MiGs (15 and 17, both Russian and Chinese variants) and late variants of the F-86 Sabre (starting from F-86F-25 which feature slats; while F-86K or Canadair Sabres have better engine to keep up with Hunter, however, it is highly unlikely you'll face either of them), as they are often able to best you in a dogfight, especially at low speeds, where the Hunter really shows its weaknesses - its huge size and worse manoeuvrability at such speed. The plane, under most circumstances, does not rip it's wings, even under extended, high G turns; although if you combine a 9-10 G turn and roll or yaw, the plane can rip. Unlike some other planes, you have almost no chance of making it back to the airfield with a broken wing. This Hunter also has access to the Flz Lwf 63/80 air-to-air missiles, which work as [[AIM-9P Sidewinder]]; for players who have been used to AIM-9E or SRAAM on other Hunters, the 63/80 can make sure careless players who don't check their 6 o'clock meet their end quickly.

Another note for the Hunter is that, thanks to the upgrades mentioned before, players can now more confident when facing later supersonic jets with SARH missiles like F-4C or MiG-21S. This will also be the good time to learn about the characteristics of SARH missiles - with up to 60 chaffs available, flying sideways and dive for terrain while dispensing chaffs can make sure enemy SARH missiles will likely uncage from yourself.

==== Ground - the Lesser Ground-pounder ====
While Swiss purchased the F.58 variant which was based on the F.6 with ground-attack capabilities, likely due to the revised avionics onboard or the need for drop tanks, the payload options is in fact relatively less than his Commonwealth cousins: only the outer-board pylon could carry bombs, unguided rockets and the [[Flz Lwf LB 82]] (AGM-65B) missiles. Although there are alternatives with more payload such as [[F-84F (Germany)|F-84F]] or with more AGMs like [[G.91 R/3 (Germany)|G.91 R/3]], if players insist to bring out Hunter, the varieties of bombs ranging from 200 to 450 kg, as well as unguided rockets and napalms can still make sure it can score some victories at cleared skies (cleared from SPAAs or enemy interceptors); due to the lack of ballistic computer, players will still have to learn the trajectory of different payloads in test flights. As mentioned before, what makes F.58 stand out is the LB 82 missiles, players of USAF tree will be happy to learn that it is the other name of AGM-65B Maverick but under Swiss designation; this also makes it the second-earliest jet to equip the Maverick stand-off missiles (after [[Ayit|Israel's 9.3 Ayit]] with AGM-65A's) against high-threat targets such as Soviet MBTs or SPAA with missile systems onboard. Be sure to utilize the upgraded avionics for better situational awareness from different threats - the speed of the Hunter is still valuable even at its tier with supersonic jets.

=== Pros and cons ===
'''Pros:'''

* Sufficient ammo pool to take down multiple targets
* One of the fastest subsonic jets, retains decent manoeuvrability at higher speeds
* Good energy retention for energy fights against subsonic or early supersonic jets
* Access to more advanced missiles for both A2A/A2G missions
* Advanced avionics over all its Hunter cousins
** All-aspect RWR for situational awareness
** Flares/chaff to help counter those types of missiles

'''Cons:'''

* Huge target, can be easy prey to enemy gunfire
* Becomes a brick at speeds below 600 km/h.
* Lacks ballistic computer for precise ground attacks
* Relatively limited payload options due to pylon layouts
* Due to its high BR, the F.58 will always face supersonic aircraft, rendering the energy fighter essentially useless

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=hunter_f58_switzerland Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="200">
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper001.jpg
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper002.jpg
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper003.jpg
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper004.jpg
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper005.jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|WgmbLGEVWGg|'''The Shooting Range #352''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:23 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|IHFTE_5EtH8|'''And The Best Hunter Award Goes To.... Germany - Hunter F.58 -Sky Guardians''' - ''DEFYN''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Hunter (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8142-development-squadron-vehicles-hunter-f-58-en|[Devblog] Squadron vehicles: Hunter F.58]]

{{AirManufacturer Hawker}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}
{{Squadron aircraft}}

Dicker Max

2023-12-08T13:21:30Z

U136146036: /* Ammo racks */

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_pzsfl_IVa_dickermax
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''105 mm K.18 Panzer Selbstfahrlafette IV Ausführung A (Dicker Max)''' is a German self-propelled heavy artillery gun. The German Army requested a mobile "bunker buster" in 1939 to demolish the fortifications along the French border, also known as the French Maginot Line in the Alsace-Lorraine province. However, it would never serve that role since the only two vehicles ever built were completed in early 1941, long after the Battle of France had ended. The tank chassis was taken from the reliable [[Pz.IV E|Panzer IV E variant]] and was armed with the standard 105 mm K.18 heavy artillery gun. The ammunition utilized was tungsten-core rounds, which had excellent penetration capabilities when combined with the gun's high velocity. Both vehicles were transferred to the Eastern Front as tank destroyers, where one of them would go on to destroy a considerable number of Soviet tanks.

Introduced in [[Update 1.57 "Battle March"]], the Dicker Max would go on to become one of the most feared tank destroyers in its class. It can completely destroy any enemy tanks it hits with its enormous 105 mm K.18 heavy artillery gun. Precise aiming for weak spots is unnecessary, as its best armour-piercing shell's 187 mm armour penetration value can penetrate even the most strongly armoured heavy tanks encountered during engagements. However, it is vital to emphasize that such vehicles are only minimally armoured. Although it can penetrate any tank in its ranks, any tank in its rank can equally easily penetrate it. The vehicle is based on the Panzer IV E variant, which provides it with respectable speed and mobility. Players should use the "Dicker Max" superb gun depression to deliver unexpected blows to the opponent before withdrawing to cover and repositioning to avoid retaliatory artillery strikes.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The survivability of the Dicker Max is very inadequate. The all-round armour is very thin and poorly angled, varying from 20 mm to 50 mm, which is not enough to stop any rounds other than rifle-calibre bullets. Post-penetration survivability is bad, crew members or critical components (eg. gun breech, engine) will usually get destroyed, crippling the tank. It is also open-topped, meaning any plane with a gun can kill you. Fire from above will usually hurt or knock out all your crew members, and damage exposed modules like gun breech and ammo. Common aircraft like the [[P-47D-22 RE (France)|P-47]] can do this in just a few seconds with machine guns alone. The only plus side is perhaps that the 5 crew members are spread out on the hull sides, meaning it might take a few shots to destroy the Dicker Max using solid shots (eg. [[Sherman Firefly]]). Unfortunately vehicles firing explosive-packed shells (eg. [[ISU-152]]) still have no problem knocking out the Dicker Max in a single shot. Therefore, you not only have to avoid ground vehicles, threats from the sky must also be considered, which makes the Dicker Max a challenge to play.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides (Slope angle) !! Rear (Slope angle) !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 12 mm (77°) ''Front glacis'' 50 mm (20°) ''Lower glacis'' 50 mm (14°) ''Driver ports''|| 20 mm || 20 mm (9°) || 12 mm
|-
| Superstructure || 30 mm (14°) ''Front'' 50 mm (16°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 20 mm (21°) || 20 mm (9-17°) || 10 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick and tracks are 20 mm thick.
* The roof of the superstructure does not fully cover the top, thus still exposing the crew members.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=256|rbMinHp=159}}
The mobility of the Dicker Max is its biggest weakness. Powered by a weak 180 hp engine, the vehicle features a very low power-to-weight ratio resulting in sluggish acceleration even on hard surface, soft terrain only worsens the situation. The top speed is very limited although it is based on a Pz.IV chassis. The hull traverse is absurdly terrible, comparing to the agility of the Pz.IV, the Dicker Max barely turns on its tracks. Forward/backward jerk helps a little, though not a lot. Reverse speed is slow as always. All these aspects are further weakened as the Dicker Max usually drives in its most suitable environment: hills.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Like always, Parts and FPE come first to increase the survivability.

For a newly acquired Dicker Max, consider unlocking all mobility modifications early. Because its sluggishness is its biggest enemy, the Dicker Max can often lose the chance of firing simply because it cannot turn its hull quickly/climb up a small slope in time. This is more noticeable when the Dicker Max is getting flanked/circled. Even a heavy tank like [[M6A1]] can easily drive around a stock Dicker Max and avoid its gun.

The next modifications to research can be the gun aiming drives, to speed up the targeting process as well as enhancing the accuracy of the cannon. This is critical for a sniper like Dicker Max as it relies on precision at long ranges.

Other modifications like the Pzgr.rot may not be as important: the stock shell is already lethal for common opponents such as [[T-34 (Family)|T-34]] and [[M4]], the researchable round is only useful against heavy targets like [[M4A3E2]].

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|K.18 (105 mm)}}
The reason why Dicker Max shines as a sniper is the 105 mm cannon. The stock shell offers a good amount of penetration of 133 mm at 1,000 m, filled with more than 300 g TNT equivalent for an explosive filler, meaning the Dicker Max can frontally penetrate the majority of opponents and take them out in one hit them at a comfortable distance. The researchable shell takes a step further by having improved explosive mass and ricochet angles, easing the killing of heavily armoured tanks like [[KV-85]], [[M4A3E2]], and [[ARL-44]]. The reload time of ~13 seconds is slow but usual on such a big calibre.

Apart from the cannon itself, other aspects of it further improve the lethality of Dicker Max. The most noticeable feature is the amazing -15° gun depression. This angle is enough to hull-down on most slopes in most maps where vehicles with around -10° depression cannot hull-down (eg. [[M4]]). By hiding behind hills, the Dicker Max can conceal its weak body and only expose its destructive cannon.

The gunsight is also a huge advantage. While most WW2 era tanks are equipped with scopes of ~3.5x zoom, the Dicker Max has a 9.2x zoom scope which is even higher than the binoculars, meaning it can conveniently pick a spot that is far away from the frontline and destroy targets one by one. Through this nice sight, a tank 1,000 m away can seem like it is only 500 m away, making it very friendly to aim for weak spots. Even if the target realises that they are being shot at, they usually fail to land hits for ~2 shots in RB as most players cannot aim accurately at distant targets, and their poor 3.5x zoom makes aiming even harder. By utilising the great gun depression and gunsight to loom behind hills, the Dicker Max protects itself with distance and concealment to compensate its poor armour.

The only downside of the Dicker Max's firepower are the limited horizontal traverse and the elevation. Both of these require the tank to constantly adjust the hull in order to target which may or may not expose itself to an observing enemy.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[K.18 (105 mm)|105 mm K.18]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 26 || rowspan="2" | -15°/+10° || rowspan="2" | ±8° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 10.6 || 14.6 || 17.8 || 19.6 || 20.9 || rowspan="2" | 13.00 || rowspan="2" | 11.50 || rowspan="2" | 10.60 || rowspan="2" | 10.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 7.1 || 8.4 || 10.2 || 11.3 || 12.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:K.18 (105 mm)/Ammunition|PzGr, Gr.19, Pzgr.rot}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! Ammo part
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''26''' || style="text-align:right" | ''Projectiles'' ''Propellants'' || 13 ''(+13)'' 13 ''(+13)'' || 1 ''(+25)'' 1 ''(+25)'' || Yes
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

As with any open-topped SPGs (such as the [[Marder III]]s), this is not a vehicle to charge the opponent with. However, one that can very effective at long ranges and from behind cover. An alternative play style for these vehicle in a closer range is supporting standard tanks by watching their flanks. It is not a fast vehicle, especially in realistic and simulator battles, but once it finds a place to stop and take aim, its gun is a very, very efficient anti-tank weapon, comparable to that of the mighty [[KV-2 (1939)|KV-2]] turreted assault gun. Its most notable feature is its extreme gun depression, over -15° to +10°, which allows this tank to take advantage of great hull-down positions behind hills, becoming near-invisible in [[Realistic Battles|RB]] and [[Simulator Battles|SB]] at [[Visibility_mechanics|distance]]. Its weakness however, is rather obvious: the crew compartment is thinly armoured, which means basically anything can penetrate it can cause havoc for the tank commander and his crew. Combined with its slow acceleration, this is a vehicle to be used in a tactical manner in both offensive or usually, defensive combat.

With only 50 mm of armour at its battle rating, the Dicker Max can be defeated frontally by any vehicle of its rank, even at some range. It is particularly vulnerable to SPAAs with a high rate of fire (heavy machine guns can penetrate the rear, or shoot down into the cabin should the opportunity present itself) and large-calibre shells.

After staying at one spot and scoring a few kills, you might want to consider relocating, even moving a short distance to a neighbouring cover i enough. This is because after a while, enemy tankers will know your position and direct their supporting aircraft towards your location. Airplanes are a devastating threat for the Dicker Max, especially their guns and bombs. Relocating can thus foil the attempts by incoming planes to target your original firing spot. You need to anticipate this move, as the Dicker Max does not have the good mobility to drive to anywhere in time.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

* [[T55E1]]: this wheeled tank destroyer can be very annoying to deal with. Although it is thinly armoured thus can get easily destroyed by the Dicker Max, an experienced T55E1 commander will utilise its superior mobility. It is arguably one of the fastest and most agile vehicle at the BR, in conjunction with its low profile, it makes it fairly hard for a Dicker Max to target it effectively given Dicker Max's slow-aiming gun and poor mobility. It is almost impossible to fight back if a T55E1 manages to flank and circle a Dicker Max.
* [[KV-1E]]: this model of the KV-1 is fitted with additional armour plates, significantly boosting its protection even against Dicker Max's big cannon. When a KV-1E is angling or at a distance (or both) it is extremely challenging to score a successful penetration. The front and side of the hull and turret can usually shred off incoming shells. Effective ways to penetrate it is to shoot at the frontal plate or hull/turret side when the KV is not angling, or to target the rounded gun mantlet where it is only 75-90 mm thick, however this requires very high precision as the vertical areas it may penetrate are quite small.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent penetration with both stock and researchable rounds.
* Large explosive filler guarantees the destruction of the targeted vehicle, even for the most armoured foes like the [[M4A3E2]] and the [[IS-1]]
* One of the best gun depression (-15°) allows it to adapt any terrains with great ease and hide behind hills
* Outstanding gunsight zoom (9.2x) meaning it can comfortably engage targets from long range, thus avoiding exposure to enemy fire
* 5 crew members are spread out along the sides, meaning it is hard to get taken out by a single shot by most rounds
* Easily hidden when hull down

'''Cons:'''

* Terrible mobility regardless of road quality: slow top speed, abysmal hull traverse, poor reverse, sluggish acceleration. Responds slowly to fast targets like [[T55E1]]
* Rather limited horizontal gun traverse of 16°
* Inadequate gun elevation of only 10°, meaning it cannot target properly when the opponent is above the Dicker Max
* No armour protection: low thickness around the vehicle. Can get penetrated by any gun
* Open-topped design makes it very vulnerable to strafing aircraft
* Reload speed is twice slower in average than its opponents
* Stock shells tend to ricochet on rounded armour (eg. turret cheeks of [[IS-1]])
* Slow muzzle velocity gives the shell a noticeable drop, long range sniping can take time to get used to
* Large side profile

== History ==

===Development===
The role of the "assault gun" in the German army in World War II gave the infantry an upper hand in assaulting fortification. However, heavy bunkers could withstand large punishment from artillery and closing up to the bunker for a closer shot exposed the assault guns and artilleries to defensive artillery weapon. A weapon was needed to fight bunkers at an extreme range that the bunkers and other defensive weaponry would not be able to return fire, something with a very heavy gun to destroy these bunkers. Krupp began development of such a vehicle in 1939, but such a vehicle soon became unnecessary with the conclusion of the Battle of France. Thus, the project shifted from a heavy "assault gun" to a tank destroyer. Two of these vehicles were built in January 1941 and were presented to Hitler in March 1941. It was hoping that if proved favorable, the vehicle would be able to be put into service and production by Spring 1942.

===Design===
The vehicle design during its development was called the ''10 cm K. (Pz. Sfl. IVa)'' and the ''10.5 cm K (gp.Sfl.)''. Another name it was called was '''Dicker Max''' (''Thick'' or ''Fat Max''). The design took a [[Pz.IV E|Panzer IV Ausf. E]] chassis and removed the turret to add an open-topped superstructure on top to hold the heavy 10.5 cm gun. The design had armour around 50 mm in the front angled at 15 degrees. Armoured compartments were present in the vehicle rear to protect loaders from overhead attacks. The front has a false driver port present on the right side of the vehicle with the real one on the left, whether it was there to deceive enemy fire or simply a design oversight is unknown. The commander, gunner, and loaders all have their own sights available to them to observe the landscape for targets. The engine is the 180 hp Inline-6 Maybach HL66P. Though the prototype vehicles used the Panzer IV as the basis, it is predicted that in production, the vehicle would use the [[Pz.III F|Panzer III]] instead due to increased mobility of the suspension and running gear.

===Combat usage===
Trials with the two prototypes Krupp produced were done by Anti-tank Battalion 521. The battalion took the vehicles with them during Operation Barbarossa. One was destroyed due to catching fire and an ammunition explosion, but the other was able to last until the end of 1941.The sole vehicle also saw use in the German offensive Case Blue in Summer 1942, but it was not reported to be operational by the battalion afterwards. Opinion of the vehicle was that it was unsuitable for participation in a frontal assault due to its low armour and manoeuvrability. The gun was deemed effective in supporting an infantry assault and knocking out tanks, but the heavy muzzle blast caused large dust to obscure the gunner view, requiring an observer to watch where the shots land. No reports were made on engine and transmission problems, but there were issues with the brake system. Due to these issues, the Dicker Max did not see mass production for widespread usage. Thus, only the two prototypes were made before interest in the project dropped.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_pzsfl_IVa_dickermax Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="200">
File:Dicker Max Gun Depression Tunisia.jpg|The Dicker Max showing off its amazing gun depression
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|4_cJ1CpEatw|'''Best gun depression''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 1:33 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|bFXFsfhNXpE|'''Dicker Max''' - ''Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/devblog/current/882/|[Devblog] Pz.Sfl.IVa Dicker Max: 'Fat Max']]
* [[Wikipedia:10.5_cm_K_(gp.Sfl.)|[Wikipedia] 10.5cm K (gp.Sfl.)]]

{{Germany tank destroyers}}

Hunter F.58 (Germany)

2023-12-08T11:03:14Z

U136146036: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
|about = squadron jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage = other versions
|link = Hunter (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=hunter_f58_switzerland
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' with a tail number of J-4020, was one of the Hawker Hunters in Swiss Air Force service and a member of the ''Patrouille Suisse'' ("Swiss Patrol") Aerobatic Team. This aircraft with factory code 41H-691768 was first flown on 4th February 1958, and subsequently joined the Swiss Air Force during the 1960s alongside another 87 F.58 (exported [[Hunter F.6|F.6]]). These jets were further upgraded under the KAWEST (Kampfwertsteigerung; Increased Operational Performance) in 1964 with RWR, an ECM pod, and chaff dispensers,as well as capabilities to launch AIM-9 and AGM-65B, turning it into a multi-role fighter for the Swiss until they were replaced by the [[F-5E]]. The remaining fleet of Hunters with the special livery of the ''Patrouille Suisse'' eventually retired in 1994 and the jet represented in-game is currently displayed at the northern corner of Dübendorf Airfield on the outskirts of Zurich.

The jet was introduced in [[Update "Sky Guardians"]] as a squadron vehicle in the German aviation tech tree and introduced Switzerland into the game. Unlike the [[Hunter FGA.9|FGA.9]] or [[Hunter F.6|F.6]] in the British tech tree, the F.58 has access to more advanced missile options including the AIM-9P and AGM-65B, as well as RWR and countermeasures to fend against enemy acquisition. Although it will face more advanced supersonic jets which sometimes have radar-guided missiles or all-aspect AAMs, if picking enemies which has depleted their energy or lacking situation awareness, the ADEN autocannons and missiles will make very short work of them, while the Hunter can fly away from the battlefield with its good energy retention and countermeasures onboard.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Hunter F.58 performs similar to other Hunters, particularly the [[Hunter FGA.9]], as they host the same Rolls-Royce Avon Mk.207 powerplant. As with most other Hunters, the F.58 handles poorly at low speeds, thus, turning and rate fighting is not advised. However, thanks to a decent acceleration, the Hunter can reach speeds exceeding 800 km/h. The Hunter at higher speeds possess quite a decent turn rate, able to maintain 9-10 Gs. Coupled with the excellent energy retention of this aircraft, the Hunter F.58 can be a formidable aircraft in the hands of a competent pilot.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,138 || 1,132 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.5 || 26.3 || 53.3 || 46.2 || rowspan="2" | 820
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,158 || 1,148 || 24.6 || 25.0 || 88.5 || 69.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,225  || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 603 || 581 || 465 || ~14 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 850 || < 600 || < 690 || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="3" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="1" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full internal fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Rolls-Royce Avon Mk.207 || 1
| colspan="1" | 6,209 kg || colspan="2" | 240 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="2" | Mass with internal fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 3m fuel || 13m fuel
|-
| 1,175 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 6,620 kg || 7,578 kg || 10,216 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="3" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 3m fuel || 13m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 4,272 kgf || -
| 0.65 || 0.56 || 0.42
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 5,229 kgf (1,225 km/h) || -
| 0.79 || 0.69 || 0.51
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

Like other Hunter variants, the Hunter F.58 has quite a survivable airframe. Being able to withstand hits from medium-calibre cannon fire, even being able to withstand hits to critical components such as the wings, engine, etc. However, like most other aircraft, the Hunter is not a bunker. Large-calibre cannons like ADENs will easily tear your plane apart.

The Hunter, like all other variants, feature only a 64 mm bullet proof glass in front of the pilot, with a 12.7 mm steel plate behind the pilot.

This Hunter, however, unlike any other Hunter variant, features 60 countermeasures for use against guided munitions.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|ADEN (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 30 mm ADEN cannons, chin-mounted (150 rpg = 600 total)
* 60 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="4%" | 1 !! width="4%" | 2 !! width="4%" | 3 !! width="4%" | 4 !! width="4%" | 5 !! width="4%" | 6 !! width="4%" | 7 !! width="4%" | 8 !! width="4%" | 9 !! width="4%" | 10 !! width="4%" | 11 !! width="4%" | 12
| rowspan="10" width="25%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! [[Sprengbombe (200 kg)|200 kg Sprengbombe]] bombs
| || 1, 2* || || || || || || || || || 1, 2* ||
|-
! [[Sprengbombe (400 kg)|400 kg Sprengbombe]] bombs
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Sprengbombe 68/70 (450 kg)|450 kg Sprengbombe 68/70]] bombs
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[FeBb Napalmbombe incendiary]] bombs
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Flz.-Rakete Oerlikon]] rockets
| 2* || || 2 || 2 || || 4 || 4 || || 2 || 2 || || 2*
|-
! [[Flz Lwf 63/80]] missiles
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! [[Flz Lwf LB 82]] missiles
| || 1 || || || || || || || || || 1 ||
|-
! 150 gal drop tanks
| || || || || 1 || || || 1 || || || ||
|-
| colspan="13" | Maximum permissible weight imbalance: 500 kg
|-
| colspan="14" | * Dual bombs on hardpoints 2/11 cannot be equipped in conjunction with rockets on hardpoints 1/12 respectively
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* 2 x 150 gal drop tanks
* 2 x Flz Lwf 63/80 missiles
* 4 x 200 kg Sprengbombe bombs (800 kg total)
* 2 x FeBb Napalmbombe incendiary bombs
* 2 x 400 kg Sprengbombe bombs (800 kg total)
* 2 x 450 kg Sprengbombe 68/70 bombs (900 kg total)
* 20 x Flz.-Rakete Oerlikon rockets
* 2 x Flz Lwf LB 82 missiles
{{Navigation-End}}

== Usage in battles ==

The Hunter F.58 is a transonic aircraft in level flight but can reach supersonic speed in a dive (but rated at exactly M1.0 before structural failure). That means that it is faster than other subsonic aircraft (one of the fastest subsonic jet, just behind the duo "Jump-jet": [[Yak-38M]] and [[AV-8C|US Harriers]]) it will face, but slower than early supersonic aircraft like the [[F-100D]] and the [[MiG-19PT]]. Thanks to the upgrades by Swiss in 1964, the F.58 received more self-defense equipment such as all-aspect RWR and 60 countermeasures onboard - it can be said that the jet is old but not obsolete.

==== Air - the Swiss Patrol ====
A thumb of rule for jet fighters is that: always maintain your energy for any situation. Thanks to its excellent design and sufficiently high engine power for such a huge jet, the energy retention is almost an order of magnitude higher than supersonic aircraft, which bleed speed in sharp turns, this can be both a blessing and a curse, when in a prolonged turning engagement, your energy retention advantage will allow you to pull away from a supersonic at the end of a turn; however, a plane such as the F-100D can trade its AoA with its speed to stay on your tail. In many situations, when you have a supersonic on your tail, making them overshoot is very difficult, but if you can, the [[Flz Lwf 63/80]] will make short work of them as finishing them off from afar is always better than being forced into a dogfight (where most subsonic fighters don't have countermeasures). When facing subsonic aircraft, simply outrun them with your superior speed and gain sufficient distance for a return; try not to engage in a turnfight with subsonic aircraft such as MiGs (15 and 17, both Russian and Chinese variants) and late variants of the F-86 Sabre (starting from F-86F-25 which feature slats; while F-86K or Canadair Sabres have better engine to keep up with Hunter), as they are often able to best you in a dogfight, especially at low speeds, where the Hunter really shows its weaknesses - its huge size and worse manoeuvrability at such speed. The plane, under most circumstances, does not rip it's wings, even under extended, high G turns; although if you combine a 9-10 G turn and roll or yaw, the plane can rip. Unlike some other planes, you have almost no chance of making it back to the airfield with a broken wing. This Hunter also has access to the Flz Lwf 63/80 air-to-air missiles, which work as [[AIM-9P Sidewinder]]; for players who have been used to AIM-9E or SRAAM on other Hunters, the 63/80 can make sure careless players who don't check their 6 o'clock meet their end quickly.

Another note for the Hunter is that, thanks to the upgrades mentioned before, players can now more confident when facing later supersonic jets with SARH missiles like F-4C or MiG-21S. This will also be the good time to learn about the characteristics of SARH missiles - with up to 60 chaffs available, flying sideways and dive for terrain while dispensing chaffs can make sure enemy SARH missiles will likely uncage from yourself.

==== Ground - the Lesser Ground-pounder ====
While Swiss purchased the F.58 variant which was based on the F.6 with ground-attack capabilities, likely due to the revised avionics onboard or the need for drop tanks, the payload options is in fact relatively less than his Commonwealth cousins: only the outer-board pylon could carry bombs, unguided rockets and the [[Flz Lwf LB 82]] (AGM-65B) missiles. Although there are alternatives with more payload such as [[F-84F (Germany)|F-84F]] or with more AGMs like [[G.91 R/3 (Germany)|G.91 R/3]], if players insist to bring out Hunter, the varieties of bombs ranging from 200 to 450 kg, as well as unguided rockets and napalms can still make sure it can score some victories at cleared skies (cleared from SPAAs or enemy interceptors); due to the lack of ballistic computer, players will still have to learn the trajectory of different payloads in test flights. As mentioned before, what makes F.58 stand out is the LB 82 missiles, players of USAF tree will be happy to learn that it is the other name of AGM-65B Maverick but under Swiss designation; this also makes it the second-earliest jet to equip the Maverick stand-off missiles (after [[Ayit|Israel's 9.3 Ayit]] with AGM-65A's) against high-threat targets such as Soviet MBTs or SPAA with missile systems onboard. Be sure to utilize the upgraded avionics for better situational awareness from different threats - the speed of the Hunter is still valuable even at its tier with supersonic jets.

=== Pros and cons ===
'''Pros:'''

* Sufficient ammo pool to take down multiple targets
* One of the fastest subsonic jets, retains good maneuverability at higher speeds
* Good energy retention for energy fights against subsonic or early supersonic jets
* Access to more advanced missiles for both A2A/A2G missions
* Advanced avionics over all its Hunter cousins
** All-aspect RWR for situational awareness
** Flares/chaff to help counter those types of missiles

*

'''Cons:'''

* Huge target, can be easy prey to enemy gunfire
* Not maneuverable at lower speeds due to its size
* Lacks ballistic computer for precise ground attacks
* Relatively limited payload options due to pylon layouts
* Faces constant uptiering against afterburning jets, naturally making its energy retention useless

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=hunter_f58_switzerland Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="200">
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper001.jpg
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper002.jpg
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper003.jpg
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper004.jpg
File:Hunter F.58 (Germany) WTWallpaper005.jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|WgmbLGEVWGg|'''The Shooting Range #352''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:23 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|IHFTE_5EtH8|'''And The Best Hunter Award Goes To.... Germany - Hunter F.58 -Sky Guardians''' - ''DEFYN''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Hunter (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8142-development-squadron-vehicles-hunter-f-58-en|[Devblog] Squadron vehicles: Hunter F.58]]

{{AirManufacturer Hawker}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}
{{Squadron aircraft}}

Magach 6B Gal

2023-12-08T10:28:44Z

U136146036:

{{About
| about = squadron Israeli medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Magach (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=il_magach_6b_gal
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The Magach 6B Gal was an important upgrade developed by Israel before the 1990s. Since it was obvious that the Merkava would not entirely replace the Magach in service it was deemed necessary an upgrade to older models like the Magach 6B and A that lacked any sort of modern military electronics and optics. As such, the "Gal" Fire Control System was created and then fitted into the Magach 6B and 6A models. It was not given to the C model since this used a more modern American fire control system. The Magach 6B Gal would later be upgraded to the Magach 6B Gal Batash with improvements to the protection and powerplant.

It was introduced in [[Update "La Royale"]]. The Magach 6B Gal has a decent performance for it's BR, compared to very common tanks like the T-72M1 and Leopard 1A1, it lacks the mobility of the former and the protection of the latter, but it compensates this with a decent protection against HEAT projectiles and missiles, as well as autocannon ammunition. This is very important at it's BR and is thanks to the Blazer ERA, it would be enough to stop small rockets and missiles, which are very common at that BR with early ATGMs launched from rockets and different IFVs. The mobility, while poor, is not enough to make the vehicle slow, and the Magach 6B Gal has decent acceleration and top speed, it mostly lacks reverse speed like Soviet Tanks around it's BR.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The Magach 6B has the same amount of protection as the M60A1, that is, a weak hull with a turret capable of deflecting some shots coming from steep angles. However it has the added benefit of the Blazer ERA, it would be enough to stop older early ATGMs fired from IFVs and Helicopters, as well as HE and small HEAT rounds. It can also help against rockets and autocannon shots. But it would not be enough to stop any sort of APDS or APFSDS projectiles.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.''

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,162|rbMinHp=663}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Sharir (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Sharir (105 mm)|105 mm Sharir]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 63 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 21.4 || 29.6 || 36.0 || 39.8 || 42.4 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 13.4 || 15.8 || 19.1 || 21.2 || 22.5
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Sharir (105 mm)/Ammunition|M152, M156, M111, M416, M426}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''63''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|4}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|FN MAG 60-40 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,000 (200) || 575 || - || -
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[FN MAG 60-40 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm FN MAG 60-40]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Commander's cupola || 1,800 (200) || 600 || -5°/+50° || -120°/+60°
|-
| Loader's cupola || 1,800 (200) || 600 || -5°/+50° || -60°/+120°
|-
| Coaxial || 6,000 (200) || 600 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

The Magach 6B Gal was part of the Magach 6 family, that is, modified American M60 tanks suited to Israeli needs. This modernization was made to the Magach 6B model and incorporated several changes to the electronics and systems inside the tank, as well as the armour.

Since the Merkava tanks were still not available in enough numbers to completely replace the Magach, it was decided to introduce upgrades to the Magach 6B in order to improve survivability and lethality. The most important weaknesses of the Magach 6 were the firepower and optics of the tank and the protection of the tank.

The first upgrade was the installation of the "Gal" Fire Control System that was installed in all Magach 6B tanks, this was a huge improvement over the old M13 and M17 optical rangefinders, since the upgrade introduced laser rangefinders and thermal imaging system for the gunner. This thermal imaging system was the same used in the first models of the Merkava. By the 1990s the Magach 6B Gal was the best Magach in service with Israeli forces, in fact, it's fire control system was offered in the international markets under the name "Matador".

The Gal later received even more upgrades, since it was clear that Blazer ERA was not enough to deal with modern threats in the battlefield, of course, it was not going to be enough to stop modern anti tank projectiles fired from enemy tanks. But it was intended to be enough to stop older missiles and RPGs that were commonly used by Hezbollah militias and other paramilitary groups. This upgrade of the ERA was incorporated in some models of the Magach 6B Gal, however it was mostly used in the Gal Batash model.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=il_magach_6b_gal Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Israel medium tanks}}
{{Squadron ground vehicles}}

Ki-44-I

2023-12-07T20:50:02Z

U136146036:

{{About
| about = Japanese fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Ki-44 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ki_44_1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.51 "Cold Steel"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 539 || 523 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 17.3 || 17.8 || 18.6 || 18.6 || rowspan="2" | 190
|-
! Upgraded
| 578 || 558 || 15.7 || 16.5 || 25.1 || 21.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 400 || 400 || 250 || ~13 || ~9
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 400 || < 400 || < 450 || > 316
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 2,700 m || 1,250 hp || 1,340 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* No armour protection.
* No self-sealing fuel tanks.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Ho-103 army (12.7 mm)|Type 89 army (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 12.7 mm Ho-103 army machine guns, wing-mounted (250 rpg = 500 total)
* 2 x 7.7 mm Type 89 army machine guns, nose-mounted (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==


;Simulator battles

In simulator, the Ki-44 is a decent fighter that can do traditional dogfights, some bomber-hunting and some ground pounding. It has great all-round visibility, especially to the sides and the rear thanks to its clear teardrop canopy. However there are lots of thick frames at the front which can get very annoying and obstruct the target in a chase, delaying the pilot's reaction. The glass on the canopy's sides also tend to create dizzying reflections when the sun is near, reducing the visibility a lot. The over-the-nose visibility is average. The wing position (in front of the canopy) means that you cannot see anything at your low 11, 12, 1 or 2 o'clock so you have to fly past the target area and look towards 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9 o'clock where there is nothing to obstruct your view.

The handling is good in general. During a take off the Ki-44 feels nose-heavy without any flaps deployed therefore after retracting the gears and flaps you need to pitch up a bit until the plane picks up some speed. Only elevator trim is available, so when the stick is at its deadzone, the Ki-44 will roll and yaw to the left side. Therefore you always need to pull the stick to the right which can get a bit annoying. It has excellent climb rate of around 14 m/s at 400 km/h, with 100% throttle and no MEC. This means that it can get to an ideal altitude of around 3,000 m very quickly. In a dive it easily accelerates to around 550 km/h while still having responsive controls, however it does not retain the speed well after leveling out. Note that its engine will overheat unbelievably fast. With WEP it heats up to >243° within 15 seconds. Thus you must utilise the WEP only when you have to, for example in a zoom climb or a high yoyo. The good news is, the engine can cool down quick enough for another 15-second WEP.

* While being more of a BnZ fighter, the Ki-44 also performs excellent at turn fighting - with the appropriate opponent, of course. Except a few dedicated turn fighters, the Ki-44 can out-turn and get on most opponents' tail with combat flaps deployed. Note: do not turn with Spitfires or Zeros, you will never out-turn them. If you see a plane with a streamlined inline engine and large, elliptical wings (Spitfire) or something with rounded wingtips and stabiliser tips, a radial engine and a pointy tail (A6M), try some defensive manoeuvres like barrel rolls or disengage by diving towards a nearby friendly airfield.

The Ki-44 has a lovely low stall-speed of around 160 km/h and is also very controllable when getting out of a stall. However the handling gets very sluggish when slower than 200 km/h so make sure that there is no one behind you.

When intercepting planes, it is crucial to know what the target is. If it is a bomber/attacker with decent defensive firepower, great turret coverage, or robust protection, then you might want to disengage after some attempts if you don't want to die. From the hard-hitting M2 Browning to the fast-firing MG 15, any gun can critically damage the Ki-44 especially on the engine, fuel tanks, and pilot which can always lead to a later crash. Before attacking try to get an altitude advantage and perform deflection shots. To maximise the damage aim for their wings and engines, as the fuselage usually soaks up lots of bullets. Only fire when the bomber passes in front of your guns. This short window might seem inadequate to do anything... and it usually is, unfortunately. The slow velocity, light projectiles and low one-second burst mass usually guarantee no critical damage. However sometimes it only takes one bullet to set the target aflame, if you are lucky.

;Specific enemies worth noting

* B-25, Ju 88, IL-2, etc: These aircraft have either powerful defensive guns, for example the B-25, or wide gun coverage such as the Ju 88. The most threatening one, the B-25, is fairly easy to distinguish. It has a short and wide fuselage, twin radial engine hanging under the wings and a H-tail. Focus your fire on the engines and constantly swing sideways to avoid getting hit. A few hits from the M2 Browning is a guaranteed death. The Ju 88, on the other hand, has great underside gun coverage so attacking from below isn't a very good option. Try engaging from the sides and concentrate the fire on the front half of it, as that is where all the vital components are located. Again, never engage any of these if you have no altitude advantage. Pin them on the map and leave them to teammates with more powerful firepower.
* A6M, Spitfire, etc: If you see them on your tail try outrunning them by diving at around -40 degrees. The Ki-44 still remains responsive handling at 600 km/h, but its speed retention is poor, meaning it will start to lose speed quickly and the enemy might catch up. If you are near a friendly airfield, great. If not, then hope for the best and run towards the friendly side. Don't forget to pitch up and down a little to mess up their aim, the early Spitfires and A6M only have a 60-round drum per cannon which will run out fairly fast. The leftover 7.7 mm machine guns will not be as destructive.
* F4U, F6F, P-47, etc: these planes are a huge threat to the Ki-44 as they have superior firepower, speed, dive acceleration and robust airframes. Their 12.7 mm MGs can easily tear you apart or simply pilot-snipe you even when they are far away, as the M2 Brownings have great velocity and trajectory. They can also set you aflame easily. The F4U has a long cylindrical nose and the iconic inverted gull wing. The P-47 has a huge, jug-like fuselage, bubble canopy and elliptical trailing edge that usually have invasion stripes painted on them. The F6F, on the other hand, might get confused with other planes as it looks rather average. Anyways, start a turn fight whenever you see these stubby planes.
*

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil
! Water
! Type
|-
| Controllable || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Separate || rowspan="2" | Not controllable 1 gear || rowspan="2" | Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Reasonably fast
* Climb rate is better than most equivalent aircraft, at more than 25 m/s spaded
* Excellent acceleration
* Superior agility against other aircraft like F4U
* Extremely low stall speed
* Has an excellent roll rate and decent turn time (utilise combat flaps for tighter manoeuvring)
* Good cockpit visibility in Simulator

'''Cons:'''

* Engine overheat within a minute and a half with WEP without MEC; using 100% doesn't cool it down quickly enough
* Very fragile with next to no protection. Will get shredded/set on fire easily, even by a single 7.62
* Has Instructor issues. Rudder and ailerons are very unstable if the plane is banked or at low speed
* Flaps cause the nose to pitch down hard if used below 150-200 km/h in a steep climb

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ki_44_1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|TA2PE-zUMj4|'''Realistic: Ki-44-I [Fast-Nimble-Sleek]''' - ''Jengar''|woJWg8E03HM|'''The Shooting Range #75''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 08:00 discusses the Ki-44.|RrO7ck7joQQ|''' Arcade: Ki-44-I''' - ''Jengar''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Ki-44 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/249903-nakajima-ki-44-i/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Nakajima}}
{{Japan fighters}}

Ho-Ni I

2023-12-01T12:55:13Z

U136146036:

{{About
|about= Japanese tank destroyer '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage= the succeeding vehicle of similar name
|link= Ho-Ni III
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=jp_type_3_ho_ni_I
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' ({{Annotation|一式砲戦車「ホニI」|Isshiki Hō-Sensha [Ho-Ni I]}}) was a Japanese tank destroyer and self-propelled gun that used the [[Chi-Ha (Family)|Type 97 chassis and engine]], and mounted a [[Type 90 (75 mm)|Type 90 75 mm field gun]] in an open casemate. It was developed in 1941 and produced in 1942, with only 26 units built. It was intended to provide fire support and anti-tank capabilities for the Japanese armoured divisions. It participated in its first and only combat in the Battle of Luzon in the Philippines in 1945. There, it faced superior US forces and many units were lost. The Japanese army replaced it with two new types of self-propelled guns: the Ho-Ni II, which specialized in shelling enemy positions, and the [[Ho-Ni III]], which focused on destroying enemy tanks. Some Ho-Ni I units stayed in Japan for home defense until the end of the war.

The Ho-Ni I was introduced along with the initial Japanese Ground Forces tree in [[Update 1.65 "Way of the Samurai"]]. It has a high-velocity 75 mm Type 90 gun, which can penetrate most tanks it encounters at its rank. However, the Ho-Ni I also has very thin armour and no turret, making it vulnerable to enemy fire and flanking manoeuvres. Therefore, it is advisable to use this tank destroyer in a sniping role, taking advantage of its long-range accuracy and powerful gun. The Ho-Ni I can also use its gun depression to hide behind hills and ambush unsuspecting enemies. The Ho-Ni I is a formidable opponent for tanks like the Char B1, which rely on their armour to survive. The Ho-Ni I can easily punch through their frontal armour and disable them with one shot. The Ho-Ni I is a tank destroyer that requires skill and patience, but can reward its commander with devastating results.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The Ho-Ni I's excellent firepower and good mobility is balanced out by its very poor armour protection. The front of the hull is covered in unsloped 25 mm plates, which is only sufficient to protect the tank from machinegun rounds - and even then some high-calibre guns (such as the 50 cal or DShK) can find their way through.

In addition, the gun compartment of the tank is uncovered, leaving the gunner and commander extremely vulnerable to artillery, machine guns, and aircraft attack. As the tank only has three crew members, the two being knocked out will leave the vehicle inoperable. Be sure to immediately retreat away from any artillery, preferably with your front facing the area being attacked, in order to protect the crew.

It is also important to try not to arouse the attention of enemy aircraft, as the open design means that any fighter plane can easily destroy you in a single strafe. With no machine gun, it does not have any means of fighting back against them either, so stay in the shadows!

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 25 mm (12-32°) ''Front plate'' 15 mm (63°), 17 mm (81°) ''Front glacis'' 15 mm (37-59°) ''Lower glacis'' || 25 mm (40°) ''Top left'' 25 mm (24-27°) ''Top right'' 20 mm ''Bottom'' || 17 mm (69°) ''Top'' 20 mm (4-72°) ''Bottom'' || 12 mm
|-
| Superstructure || 25 mm (14-15°) || 25 mm (0-11°) || N/A || 10 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are both 15 mm thick
* Belly armour is 8.5 mm thick.
* Roof superstructure armour will not protect crew from strafe fire.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=241|rbMinHp=150}}

The {{PAGENAME}} is based off the Chi-Ha chassis, which Japanese ground forces will be familiar with since it is featured on other Japanese early tanks: [[Chi-Ha]],[[Chi-Ha Kai]], [[Ho-Ro]] and [[Ho-Ni III]].

Thus, it has a fairly good level of mobility, reaching a peak speed of 36 km/h on flat grass in Realistic, with a theoretical maximum of 40 km/h. It also has a quite good traverse rate, both on the hull and the gun, performing a full 360 degree rotation from a stop in about 16 seconds.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Type 90 (75 mm)}}

Packing a high-velocity 75 mm Type 90 cannon, the Ho-Ni I has a serious amount of firepower.

Its Type 1 APHE shell has up to 100 mm of armour penetration, which is the second best of tank destroyers at its rank, only beaten by the Soviet ZiS-30, and being very closely followed by the American M3 GMC.

However, a cannon this big does come with two drawbacks; being that it has a fairly long reload time of 7.8 seconds, and no turret, meaning it can only aim in an arc in front of you. Thus, it is important that you make sure your shot lands, and that you are well aware of your surroundings, so that you do not end up wasting precious time turning your entire hull towards an enemy. You should play this tank as a support vehicle, hiding in bushes and shooting at targets at medium range. Chances are, you'll be able to penetrate and score one-shot after one-shot. You could also play as a sniper, if you are so inclined.

The Ho-Ni I does also not feature any machine guns, which leaves it unable to fight back against enemy aircraft or uncovered vehicles.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type 90 (75 mm)|75 mm Type 90]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 40 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±10° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 14.09 || 19.50 || 23.68 || 26.19 || 27.86 || rowspan="2" | 7.80 || rowspan="2" | 6.90 || rowspan="2" | 6.36 || rowspan="2" | 6.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 9.52 || 11.20 || 13.60 || 15.04 || 16.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Type 90 (75 mm)/Ammunition|Type 1 APHE, Type 94 HE, Type 90 Smoke}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''40''' || 27 ''(+13)'' || 4 ''(+36)'' || 0 ''(+40)'' || No
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The Ho-Ni I should be played like most open crew compartment, fixed gun tank destroyers, fighting from a distance from the front-lines and delivering support fire. The thin armour means the Ho-Ni I will not survive a direct confrontation with any enemy tank and will require the vehicle to obtain the fighting advantage of being able to target the enemy first to ensure any chance of victory. The Ho-Ni I should also be wary of enemy aerial attacks as the open compartment and three-man crew means that an accurate strafing fire could potentially knock out the entire crew.

At its battle rating, the worst the Ho-Ni I could face are the German [[Pz.IV E]] and British [[Cromwell V]] and [[Matilda Mk II]]. The two medium tanks have sufficient armour to withstand the 75 mm gun while the Matilda II requires precise shot in order to destroy it frontally - the driver's port. All of these tanks have guns able to shred the Ho-Ni I apart if they could get a bead on it. The [[B1 bis|Char B1]] can also be a challenge, the only way to deal with it head on is by shooting the driver's port, which will require making you vulnerable to the powerful 75mm hull gun that tank has.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 75 mm cannon is great, reloads fast and causes massive damage upon penetration
* Favourable matchmaking will leave the tank destroyer being matched with enemies the gun is able to handle
* Mobility is decent due to being built on a Chi-Ha chassis
* Gun is able to effectively penetrate all tanks the Ho-Ni regularly faces frontally
* Similar play style as the German Marder with better gun depression
* Good gun traverse speed
* Powerful HE shell
* Has smoke shells

'''Cons:'''

* Tall profile
* Overall armour is thin
* Poor cross country performance due to narrow tracks
* Exposed crew space makes it vulnerable to air attacks
* Reverse speed is abysmal
* Only 3 crew members
* Rather small traverse angle
* Inconsistent gun often non-penetrates Stuarts and other lightly armored armor faces

== History ==

The creation of their own independent armoured division had Japan also envision an enlargement of their artillery forces. They decided to build a series of assault guns based off the [[Chi-Ha|Type 97 Chi-Ha]] chassis. One of the first of these design was the '''Ho-Ni I''' which had the Type 97 chassis fitted with a 75 mm Type 90 field gun.<ref name="ZalogaJapaneseTank">Zaloga Steven. ''Japanese Tanks 1939-1945'' Great Britain: Osprey Publishing Ltd., 2007</ref>

The Ho-Ni I was used in China by the 3rd Tank Division and on Luzon by the 2nd Tank Division. It could be used as mechanized artillery or as a tank destroyer/assault gun. A total of 124 were built.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=jp_type_3_ho_ni_I Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[Wikipedia:Type_1_Ho-Ni_I|[Wikipedia] Type 1 Ho-Ni I]]

=== References ===
<references />

{{TankManufacturer Hitachi}}
{{Japan tank destroyers}}