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F-100A (China)

2023-08-28T21:20:03Z

U133388715:

{{About
| about = jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = F-100 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=f-100a_china
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (known as the 超級軍刀機 in ROCAF) was an early variant of the famous "Super Sabre". In Taiwanese service, it received a number of upgrades to bring it up to par with later models from the USAF, replacing the vertical stabilizer and avionics to [[F-100D]] standard. Compared to the fighter-bomber F-100D, it has a smaller wing with a straight trailing edge, fewer hardpoints, and no flaps. It also has an early J57P7 engine that produces less thrust than the D model's J57P21. The speed and acceleration remained comparable since the F-100A weighs less. Due to the end of major aerial combats of the Taiwan Strait Crisis, the jets were usually used during main island CAP flights or training missions; although still being a valuable supersonic fighter in ROCAF fleet, after a severe loss of maintenance crews in a plane crash in 1979 (of which most of the crew were those who had received training for F-100 maintenances), lack of spare parts, and 3 consecutive crashes involving F-100s, these jets were quickly withdrawn in 1984 and replaced by the [[F-104G (China)|F-104G]] and [[F-5E (China)|F-5E]].

Introduced in [[Update 1.97 "Viking Fury"]], the F-100A's handling generally feels lighter than the F-100D and it enjoys a better roll rate, though the lack of flaps impacts low speed manoeuvrability. The weapons selection is inferior: while it can still has access to options like the AGM-12B Bullpup and the AIM-9B Sidewinder, its bomb selection is far more limited and it lacks access to unguided rockets and the more advanced AIM-9E Sidewinder. Still, it has a very solid gun armament of four 20 mm M39A1 cannons. With careful speed management, the F-100A can swoop in and swiftly take down its enemies.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


As mentioned earlier, the F-100A handles like a lighter version of the F-100D. The acceleration is decent for an early supersonic jet but falls behind some contemporary 9.7 jets such as the [[J-6A]] and [[Q-5A]], not to mention the [[J-7II]] (9.3 in RB). The top speed is about the same as the [[Q-5 early]] and lower than the F-100D. Turning performance is generally similar or improved compared to the F-100D. It can pull harder, which is helpful for snapshots, but there is also a risk of snapping the wings off in hard turns at high speed. The roll rate is improved. Controls stiffen at supersonic speeds. The low speed handling is poor and there are no flaps to help out. Turning energy retention is quite good at high subsonic speeds and not great elsewhere.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max speed (km/h at 10,671 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,444 || 1,436 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.5 || 30.1 || 113.9 || 104.3 || rowspan="2" | 900
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,476 || 1,458 || 28.5 || 29.0 || 151.9 || 132.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || X || X || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || - || - || - || ~11 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 640 || < 540 || < 610 || -
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Pratt & Whitney J57P21 || 1
| colspan="2" | 9,139 kg || colspan="2" | 317 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | {{Annotation|Max Gross Weight|Mass of the fully equipped aircraft with heaviest weapons load}}
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 8m fuel || 20m fuel || 29m fuel
|-
| 2,361 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
| 9,797 kg || 10,637 kg || 11,332 kg || 12,401 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 8m fuel || 20m fuel || 29m fuel || MGW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 4,424 kgf || 5,823 kgf
| 0.59 || 0.55 || 0.51 || 0.47
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 4,424 kgf (0 km/h) || 8,364 kgf (1,200 km/h)
| 0.85 || 0.79 || 0.74 || 0.67
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 64 mm bulletproof glass: windscreen
* 12.7 mm steel: behind pilot

For post-war fighter jets wanted to take advantage of the newer jet technology and maximize both speed and ordnance carried. To keep up speed and maximize ordnance, something had to give and that came with pilot survivability. The idea is to be faster than the enemy which would make it really difficult for them to get a targeting solution on you. Though the F-100A does have protection for the pilot, it isn't much and leaves the rest of the critical components virtually unprotected with armour. For the pilot, the back of the seat and headrest maintains a continuous piece of steel at 12.7 mm thick and the windscreen is rated at 64 mm bulletproof windscreen. Typically this type of protection is meant more for protection from defensive turret attacks from bombers rather than gun attacks from other aircraft.

The F-100A is a relatively sturdy aircraft and can take a beating before critical components begin to fail. While the engine and the pilot are important to protect as much as possible (without the engine you don't go and without the pilot…you don't go…) the wings are another critical component which you must protect as hits to the wings can make flying very difficult or send you to the respawn point. If being tailed by another aircraft try to speed away because if you try to pull up, turn to the side or pull-down, you risk exposing increased surface area of the skin, giving the enemy pilot more to shoot at and a greater opportunity of taking out a wing. If possible, increase speed and sway back and forth, even some very shallow elevator dips up and down maybe enough to throw off the sighting of the enemy pilot and spray his bullets all around you without exposing very much surface area of the jet, however, if there is a missile launch, take evasive action to avoid the missile and worry about the guns later.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M39A1 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 20 mm M39A1 cannons, chin-mounted (200 rpg = 800 total)

The M39A1 cannons are one of the F-100A's main selling points. They are revolver cannons with a rapid rate of fire, high muzzle velocity, and good stopping power. The four of them together provide a burst mass that approaches the [[M61 (20 mm)|M61 Vulcan]] without any spool-up delay and the ammo supply of 200 rounds per gun is quite generous.

The Ground Targets belt is a good all-round choice. Its AP-I rounds deal heavy kinetic damage with a high fire chance and the sheer volume of bullets will make short work of air targets. Thinly armoured ground targets such as light tanks and SPAAs are also easy prey. Other belts are still good options against air targets for those desiring HE rounds and explosive damage.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}


The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! !! width="20%" | 1 !! width="20%" | 2
| rowspan="9" width="30%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_{{PAGENAME}}.png]]</div>
|-
! [[LDGP Mk 82 (500 lb)|500 lb LDGP Mk 82]] bombs
| 1 || 1
|-
! [[Mk 82 Snakeye (500 lb)|500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye]] bombs
| 1 || 1
|-
! [[M117 cone 45 (750 lb)|750 lb M117 cone 45]] bombs
| 1 || 1
|-
! [[AN-M65A1 Fin M129 (1,000 lb)|1,000 lb AN-M65A1 Fin M129]] bombs
| 1 || 1
|-
! [[M116A2 incendiary]] bombs
| 1 || 1
|-
! [[AGM-12B Bullpup]] missiles
| 1 || 1
|-
! [[AIM-9B Sidewinder]] missiles
| 1, 2 || 1, 2
|-
! [[AIM-9E Sidewinder]] missiles
| 2 || 2
|-
|}

{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}

* Without load
* 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AIM-9E Sidewinder missiles
* 2 x AGM-12B Bullpup missiles
* 2 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (1,000 lb total)
* 2 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (1,500 lb total)
* 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 Fin M129 bombs (2,000 lb total)
* 2 x 500 lb Mk 82 Snakeye bombs (1,000 lb total)
* 2 x M116A2 incendiary bombs
{{Navigation-End}}

The F-100A can be equipped with AIM-9B and AIM-9E Sidewinder missiles for air-to-air combat. They have poor tracking and manoeuvrability, so an attentive opponent can dodge them with a single well-timed turn. Still, they are helpful on occasion and give the F-100A more flexibility. Up to 4 can be carried, which is a capacity advantage over the J-6A and J-7II.

The F-100A does not have many options for ground attack, which reflects its status as a dedicated fighter model retrofitted with new ordnance as opposed to the F-100D, which was designed from the outset to lug around literal tons of bombs and rockets. The two hardpoints can carry two bombs or two AGM-12B air-to-ground missiles. In the bomb department, neither the 750 lb nor 1000 lb bombs are adequate for serious base-bombing in Air RB, but the latter can do some decent work against ground vehicles. The Bullpups are keyboard-guided MCLOS missiles that are a common sight on US jet aircraft. They take some practice to use, but once mastered they allow the F-100A to engage enemy tanks and ground vehicles from several kilometers away for precise and safe kills. Many of the later ROCAF aircraft such as the [[F-104G (China)|F-104G]] also feature Bullpups, so the F-100A offers a good platform to get familiar with them.

== Usage in battles ==

'''Air Battles'''
The F-100A is an early supersonic jet. Its speed, acceleration, and high speed handling are not the greatest for its battle rating, where it often faces much more advanced aircraft, but it does have lethal weapons and enough good qualities to get by. It is important to know the strengths and weaknesses of its opponents.

The general playstyle for the Super Sabres is to build up speed and try to maintain it, because once it is gone, the poor low-speed handling becomes a major issue and the subpar acceleration makes it hard to recover quickly. At the start of the match, it is generally a good idea to fly to the side and avoid entering battle directly. This gives the F-100A time to build speed, altitude, and energy without getting surprised by fast or airspawned opponents. Enter combat at high speed and look for vulnerable targets. Enemies that are flying in straight lines can be surprised with an AIM-9B. If they are manoeuvring and/or aware of your position, the guns might work better. The F-100A can turn well enough in the short term to credibly threaten most opponents and the excellent guns will seal the deal if you can outplay them, but remember to manage its speed as the situation requires: fly too quickly and there will be issues with control compression and wing overload, fly too slowly and the F-100A will be in trouble as stated before. Take advantage of the improved roll rate compared to the F-100D in rolling scissors manoeuvres.

Air-to-air missiles are an issue because the F-100A has no countermeasures. Early missiles like the AIM-9B and R-3S are easy to dodge by turning, but doing so will force the F-100A to lose some speed and energy. The F-100A can outrun missiles if they are launched from some distance away, so this is another reason to maintain speed. Perform some light manoeuvres to drain the missile's energy as necessary. Be wary of opponents with deadly missiles, such as the [[Su-25]]/[[Su-25K|K]] with all-aspect, highly agile R-60Ms, and avoid engaging them in head-ons.

'''Ground Battles'''

The F-100A is a handy accompaniment to ground lineups as well. It is the first aircraft in the Chinese tech tree with access to air-to-ground missiles and its supersonic speed makes it easier to dodge gunfire and fly to and from the airfield in between sorties. The two Bullpups can destroy enemies from safe distances (2-3 km away) upon a direct hit or near miss. This does require some good eyesight or spotting assistance by friendly light tanks. The missile capacity is low, but the F-100A can stick around for gun runs if there are no SPAAs around or otherwise quickly return to base to restock. Despite not being an attacker aircraft, the F-100A is more practical for CAS than the PLAAF [[Q-5 early]]. The [[Q-5A]] is somewhat superior with its ballistic computer, countermeasures, and larger payload, but the F-100A's Bullpups are still the best for precise and powerful long-range attacks.

Be on the lookout for SAM vehicles because they may be able to engage the F-100A even from long distances, and the F-100A cannot drop chaff to disrupt radar locks or spoof IR missiles. If you spot a missile launch, perform evasive manoeuvres and try to keep a low profile while the vehicle is still around.

=== Radars ===

The F-100A is equipped with an AN/APG-30 rangefinding radar, located in the nose of the aircraft.
It will automatically detect other planes within the scanning area and display the range to the closest target. It is linked with a gyro gunsight and can help with aiming at close range.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | AN/APG-30 - Rangefinding radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
|-
| 2,750 m || 300 m || ±9° || ±9°
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent guns that have both high muzzle velocity, rate of fire, plenty of ammo (200 rpg), and pack a good punch with high-explosive and armour-piercing shells
* Can carry up to four AIM-9E missiles
* Access to AGM-12B Bullpup missiles for standoff ground attack
* Fast and out-accelerates both MiG-15s and MiG-17s
* Good manoeuvrability for a large supersonic jet
* Radar warning receiver improves situational awareness, especially in Ground RB

'''Cons:'''

* Sluggish at slow speeds, no flaps
* Acceleration is not very fast in its class
* Suffers from severe lock-up past Mach 1
* Loses a lot of energy when trying to turn around at high speed
* No countermeasures

== History ==


In the early Cold War era, the Republic of China Air Force was equipped with US jet aircraft like the [[F-86F-30 (China) | F-86 Sabre]] and [[F-84G-21-RE_(China) | F-84 Thunderjet]], which were used in clashes with the People's Republic of China over the Taiwan Straits. Amid growing conflict in 1958, a number of assorted F-100 Super Sabres were delivered to Taiwan, including the F-100A, the two-seat F-100F, and the reconnaissance RF-100A. The former were upgraded with a number of features from the latest F-100D, such as a taller vertical tail fin and wiring for Sidewinder missiles. Another batch of F-100s was delivered in the 1970s and the type remained in service until the 1980s.

The F-100 was not an easy aircraft to handle and several were lost in accidents. The details of their combat experiences are unclear. They may have fought with PLAAF jets but it is unknown if any kills or losses were scored. The RF-100As in particular were only used for about two years before being returned to the United States due to unsatisfactory capabilities and maintenance issues. The ROCAF was the only foreign user of the F-100A.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=f-100a_china Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/479186-f-100a-super-sabre/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer NAA}}
{{China jet aircraft}}

T-10M

2023-06-04T23:11:05Z

U133388715:

{{About
| about = Soviet heavy tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = T-10A
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_t_10m
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet heavy tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.51 "Cold Steel"]].

The T-10 is a Soviet heavy tank from the Cold War that is the last of the IS series. It was originally named the IS-10, but after Joseph Stalin's death in 1953 and the general sentiment surrounding that event, it was renamed to simply T-10. The T-10 was in production between 1953 and 1966, which allowed the Soviet Union to put out just under 1,500 of them.

The T-10 was better than its predecessors in almost every way: firepower, speed, armour and efficiency. It was a very promising breakthrough, that came too late. In the game, the T-10 plays like a medium tank with just below-average mobility, although it can easily reach speeds of up to 40 km/h. Arguably, its only disadvantage is the sluggish reload speed.

However, in the 1960s, the Soviets have realized that the concept of the main battle tank (MBT), was much more efficient. Guns of similar firepower, as well as reasonable armour, could be placed on a medium tank, which would be much more mobile than a heavy tank. That suited the Soviets because MBTs could be used in many more types of operations than the T-10, or a similar tank.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

From being one of the most feared tanks in the game, the T-10M is now very often overlooked. Its armour is called out-of-date, easily over-matched by new APFSDS rounds even when at an angle.

Frontally, the T-10M's armour ranges from 200 mm (LFP) to 250 mm (peak of the pike) to over 300 mm around the turret. That is not bad, especially for hull-down positions where the T-10M can present only its turret. When compared to the Chieftains ([[Chieftain Mk 3|Mk 3]] and [[Chieftain Mk 5|Mk 5]], without [[Chieftain Mk 10|composite armour]]), the T-10M has more hull armour, and even a more evenly protected turret (Chieftains have a weaker side on the left when facing one frontally).

Angling your hull is not effective, it's detrimental. For instance, the stock round on the [[Leopard A1A1]] (DM13, APDS round) cannot penetrate your upper pike or your turret, only the LFP. However, if you present your side, it negated the angling of the pike and allows the Leopard to get through, usually hitting your driver and the ammunition. The story is the same with almost every vehicle - you shouldn't angle.

Lastly, mind that you have 3 crew members sitting in line on your left side when looking from the T-10M, that presents an opportunity to knock the tank out with a single shot for any opponent that can penetrate your pike. Although, your driver is almost always knocked out, which means that you can't reverse into cover, so try not to get shot.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull, Turret roof)
* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 120 mm (57°) ''Front glacis'' 120 mm (49°) ''Lower glacis'' 40,60 mm (78-79°) ''Driver's port'' || 120 mm (50°) ''Top'' 80 mm (0-64°) ''Middle'' 30 mm (60°) ''Bottom'' || 50 mm (53°) ''Top'' 60 mm (21°) ''Bottom'' || 30 mm
|-
| Turret || 120-250 mm (26-60°) ''Turret front'' 100 + 250 mm (0-75°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 130-190 mm (3-55°) || 102 mm (21-47°) || 30 mm
|-
| Cupola || 40 mm || 40 mm || 30 mm || 30 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick while tracks are 30 mm thick.
* Turret side armour is not equally thick, ranging from 130 mm to 190 mm in some areas.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

The {{PAGENAME}} is surprisingly agile. Its top speed of 50 km/h is on par with MBTs; however, it is rarely reached. Its acceleration is great, enabling you to reach strategic locations relatively quickly.

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=968|rbMinHp=663}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M-62-T2S (122 mm)}}

The T-10M features a powerful gun which is able to knock out all the tanks it faces with a single shot thanks to the diverse ammunition it gets. The main gun is capable of defeating almost all vehicles frontally at the br it sits at (with exception of the [[Maus]] and [[E-100]]).

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M-62-T2S (122 mm)|122 mm M-62-T2S]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 30 || rowspan="2" | -4°/+15° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 13.8 || 19.0 || 23.1 || 25.6 || 27.2 || rowspan="2" | 20.0 || rowspan="2" | 17.2 || rowspan="2" | 15.9 || rowspan="2" | 15.0
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 10.1 || 11.9 || 14.5 || 16.0 || 17.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
'''BR-472 APCBC''' - This is the first ammunition the T-10M has access to which is considered as the "weak" ammunition. Despite having a "low" penetration (has 295 mm at 10 m at 0°) it should not be underestimated. It should be your main ammunition in almost all sorts of engagements. It has the penetration to deal with all heavy tanks frontally (with exception of Maus, E-100) as well as enough fuse sensitivity to explode inside lightly armoured vehicles which will be the main enemies at the battle rating (Leopard 1, AMX-30, Centurions, etc). This round is a guaranteed knock-out with a single shot 99% of the time due to its tremendous explosive power if aimed correctly (184.5 g of TNT equivalent). The BR472 should not be underestimated.

'''3BM-11 APDS''' - This is the most reliable round to use at distances when speed is crucial (1,620 m/s). It has enough penetration to deal the with everything but Maus glacis but, due to being a solid shot subcalibre round, it has no explosive power. This means the APDS relies on spalling created by the armour penetration which can sometimes be crucial if killing the enemy vehicle has to be done as soon as possible. This does not mean the APDS cannot cause knock-outs with a single shot if aimed at ammunition or center of mass. Most tanks will be destroyed with a single shot at the glacis if the shot is made right at the middle of the glacis. This round should be mostly be used as a secondary round for heavily armoured targets or at far ranges in which a high velocity round is preferable.

'''3BK-9 HEATFS'''- This is the round with the most consistent penetration due to being chemical energy, on par with other HEATFS rounds at the same BR. This round can be considered the most reliable round for all sorts of engagements both at close range or at distance if single-shot knock-outs are not planned. It has a great explosive power (2.61 kg of TNT equivalent) but, due to being a hollow charge, the spalling is focused in a cone shape rather than a star shape as the APCBC. Similar to APDS, this round has to be aimed at center of mass to damage as most modules and crew members as possible due to the tightly packed spalling created. It should be noted that this round requires a clear flight path to the target as trees, bushes, fences and any obstruction will detonate it due to the fuse sensitivity. Keep this in mind.

{{:M-62-T2S (122 mm)/Ammunition|BR-472, 3BM-11, 3BK-9, OF-472}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! Ammo part
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! 9th rack empty
! 10th rack empty
! 11th rack empty
! 12th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''30''' || ''Projectiles'' ''Propellants'' || 27 ''(+3)'' 27 ''(+3)'' || 24 ''(+6)'' 24 ''(+6)'' || 20 ''(+10)'' 20 ''(+10)'' || 17 ''(+13)'' 17 ''(+13)'' || 14 ''(+16)'' 14 ''(+16)'' || 11 ''(+19)'' 11 ''(+19)'' || 10 ''(+20)'' 10 ''(+20)'' || 9 ''(+21)'' 9 ''(+21)'' || 7 ''(+23)'' 7 ''(+23)'' || 5 ''(+25)'' 5 ''(+25)'' || 3 ''(+27)'' 3 ''(+27)'' || 1 ''(+29)'' 1 ''(+29)''|| No
|-
|}
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|KPVT (14.5 mm)}}

The KPVT can be considered as the most reliable HMG (Heavy Machine Gun) in game due to multiple factors: ammunition capacity, ammunition speed and penetration, stopping power and rate of fire. It is a Jack-of-all-Trades when it comes to ground battles, it has a faster muzzle velocity than 20 mm cannons but has more destructive power than the 12.7 mm (.50 cal) machine gun, but does not get the fire rate of the 15 mm MG 151 HMG (HMG mounted on the [[AMX-50 Foch]]). The KPVT are exclusive to Soviet tanks and are able of doing multiple things:

* Immediate ground defence: this machine guns are able to damage and destroyed external components of all tanks (tracks, gun barrels, etc), destroy lightly armoured vehicles (with armour thinner than 45 mm), obstruction removal (fences, walls, etc) and spotting.
* Immediate air defence: due to having a roof mounted KPVT with a 360° rotation and a 40° elevation, it is able to critically damage low-flying aircraft. This belts have AP-I round which can cause fatal damage on all low flying aircraft (it often lights them on fire or damages engine).

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[KPVT (14.5 mm)|14.5 mm KPVT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 250 (50) || 600 || -5°/+60° || ±180°
|-
| Coaxial || 500 (50) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


Despite being a heavy tank, the T-10M is only able to stop full calibre shells in which, at the battle rating, there is none but in some cases at 7.3 and 7.7. Due to this, the T-10M is far from being a frontline tank, meaning it has to stay away from the enemy LoS (line of sight) due to the long reload and weak armour. This does not mean it should be taken all the way through the outskirts of a map to get into position (can be done but not recommended on all maps). It should be used as a sniper in long range maps and a support vehicle in the rest. It is able to defend itself pretty well if a good defensive position is found or set. All CQC (close quarters combat) should be avoided as the extremely long reload speed invites enemy tanks to flank you from all sides. Some places in CQC environments (urban areas, city ravines, etc) can be used as choke point (holding a full street waiting for someone to push if that street is the only access point) due to its powerful gun and decent armour. This tank faces almost nothing that can be a hard cookie to crack.

'''List of opponents important notes when facing frontally:'''

* [[Panzer V Panther (Family)|Panther]]/[[M48 Patton (Family)|M48]]/[[M26 (Family)|Pershing]]: all front can be penetrated with BR472 and higher penetration rounds. Do not use 3BK-9
* [[M60 (Family)|M60]]: gun mantlet can be penetrated by BR472, hull has to be penetrated by 3BM-11 or 3BK-9
* [[Centurion (Family)|Centurion]]: all front can be penetrated with BR472 and higher penetration rounds
* [[M103]]: hull has to be penetrated by 3BM-11 or 3BK-9, center of mass shot has to be done frontally as the hull and turret are curvy, hull is impenetrable by all BR472
* [[Maus]]/[[E-100]]: gun mantlet can be penetrated by all rounds, hull is impenetrable by all rounds. Side shots are safe to be done with all rounds
* [[Leopard 1 (Family)|Leopard 1]]/[[AMX-30 (Family)|AMX-30]]: all front can be penetrated with BR472 and higher penetration rounds
* [[T95]]: gun mantlet and hull can be penetrated by BR472

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent acceleration and top speed for a heavy tank
* Good reverse speed, as with many late Soviet heavy tanks
* Stock round has a lot of explosive filler, leading to regular knock-outs with a single shot
* 14.5mm machine guns are effective at deterring strafing aircraft and can shred lightly-armoured vehicles
* Has a two-plane Stabilizer
* Unlockable APDS and HEATFS can take on most vehicles frontally

'''Cons:'''

* Has ammunition at the rear of the turret; a shell strike there can end your game if you get flanked
* Due to the "pike" of the frontal armour, angling is not a good idea, especially against enemies with HEAT or Sabot rounds
* Armour has a hard time dealing with modern ammo types and ATGMs
* Stock round will struggle against a lot of enemies from the front due to its lack of penetration
* The unlockable APDS and HEAT-FS shells has minimal spalling effects, must aim for ammo or important crew members such as the gunner
* Slow turret rotation speed when stock and not spaded

== History ==

=== Development ===
The desire for the successor of the [[IS-3]] heavy tank with a more lenient weight and cost requirement brought forth a start in development in 1948. The tank labelled the IS-8, used many characteristics from the previous experimental heavy tanks, with the engine of the [[IS-4M|IS-4]] and [[IS-6]], road wheels and tracks of the IS-4, the turret traverse mechanism and suspension system from the IS-7. The IS-8 also used an improved 122 mm gun from the IS-2 and IS-3 models. The armour on the IS-8 and IS-3 were quite similar in format but was thickened on the IS-8 for improved protection. The hull was extended to make room for an engine cooling system, necessitating another road wheelset on the suspension. The IS-8 was deemed ready for production between late 1950 to early 1951, with production to begin at the Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant (ChTZ), with reports that some IS-8 tanks were also produced at a tank plant in Omsk as well.<ref name="ZalogaIS" />

Stalin's death in 1953 brought forth a political situation of destalinization to eradicate the influence of the late Soviet leader. Due to this, the IS-8 heavy tanks that take its first two letters from the name of Joseph (Iosef) Stalin was renamed to the T-10. Production of the tank continued, but with implemented improvements. The T-10A model introduced a newer 122 mm D-25TS gun with a vertical stabilization system and a bore evacuator, with a rammer implemented inside the tank to ease with the loading process by helping the loaders push the rounds into the breech. The T-10's sole telescopic sight was replaced with two new sights, one periscopic and one telescopic. There was also a night-vision device and gyrocompass installed for the gunner. The next upgrade was the T-10B in the mid-1950s, which introduced a two-axis stabilization for the gun and new fire control sight inside with little changes outside. The final revision was with the T-10M in 1957, with the most notable difference being the new M-62-TS gun, which was longer than its previous iterations and presents a very unique multi-slotted muzzle brake and bore evacuator along with having a stabilization system. DShK heavy machine guns were also replaced with the newer KPVT machine guns, which benefited by being similar in ballistic characteristics with the M-62-TS gun to double as a range-finder. Another change in the T-10M was the improved 750 hp engine. The last reported change to the T-10 design was in the 1960s when the tanks went through a rebuild with a new transmission and main clutch.<ref name="ZalogaIS" />

By the time the T-10's production ended in 1962, a total of 8,000 of all types of T-10 heavy tanks had been manufactured, making the T-10 the most numerous Soviet heavy tank produced.<ref name="ZalogaIS" />

===Usage===
The T-10s were organized in heavy tank regiments in the same way as the IS-3s. When first introduced, the Soviet heavy tank regiments were a composite unit organized in 1947 that was made of between 44-46 heavy tanks bolstered by 21 heavy assault guns. In between 1958 and 1959, the heavy tank regiments were reorganized to consist of only heavy tanks, 100 IS-3 or T-10 tanks that made the formation quite powerful. These regiments would help make up heavy tank divisions, which would consist of two heavy tank regiments and one medium tank regiment. These heavy tank divisions, intended to drive an offensive operation, were stationed along the borders of the Soviet Union against the Western forces.<ref name="ZalogaIS" />

The T-10, like the IS-3, was a concern to the Western forces whose only response were the heavy [[M103]] and [[Conqueror]] heavy tanks. The T-10 never saw combat against a Western force but was deemed invulnerable in frontal engagements against medium tanks of the time like the [[M48A1|M48 Pattons]], even when they used HEAT rounds. However, in a contest against the heavy tanks, the M103 and Conqueror presented better fire-control systems and range-finders that would benefit a well-trained and emplaced crew against an offensive force. The contest between the two sides with their heavy tanks reached a disparity with the introduction of newer tanks like the [[M60]] and [[Chieftain Mk 3|Chieftain]], both which have guns able to penetrate straight through the T-10's front armour at standard ranges.<ref name="ZalogaIS" />

===Decline and discontinuation===
Though the T-10 and the Soviet heavy tank family gave a formidable opponent to the Western forces, their fame and glory became short-lived in the 1960s. The new premier of the Soviet Union, Nikita Khrushchev, began cutbacks in the military with a new strategic goal of missiles and nuclear armament rather than with conventional forces. The heavy tanks, considered outdated, was ordered to have their production halted in 1960 by Khrushchev.<ref name="ZalogaIS" /> His orders are not without reason, heavy tanks are difficult to maintain and transport across the huge Soviet Union, which also did not have many bridges that could support a heavy tank. Another reason was the changing anti-tank technology that made tank armour extremely vulnerable, especially against the new anti-tank missiles that are becoming more and more efficient at their task in destroying tanks. Still, the order did not mean the dissolution of heavy tank units as by 1978, there were still up to 2,300 heavy tanks in the Far East. To this day, many heavy tanks are still either in inactive reserves or dug in as pillboxes along the borders of the Soviet Union. The heavy tank's place in the Soviet Union's military was replaced by the main battle tanks (MBT) like the [[T-64A (1971)|T-64]], which presented a much better firepower, armour, and mobility for only a weight of 35 tons, a technological sign on the rising prevalence of the MBT.<ref name="ZalogaIS" />

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
The T-10M was an upgraded version of the T-10 heavy tank. The new vehicle's main distinction was the installation of new weaponry. The new M-62-T2S 122mm cannon was installed on the tank. The new gun was significantly more powerful than the previous one and had greater initial projectile speed and improved armour penetration. The cannon was also equipped with a two-plane stabilizer, which allowed the tank's crew to fire effectively while it was in motion.

A significant increase in the tank's combat capabilities was also achieved by installing equipment for firing and driving at night. The field of vision provided by the new T-2S-29-14 periscope sight with two-plane stabilizer allowed the gun to be fired accurately both directly and from cover.

The installed TPN-1 night-vision sight also made it possible to fire accurately at night at a range of up to 1,150 m (3,773 ft). The testing of the new tank was completed in December, 1956, and in September, 1957 the tank was added to the arsenal.

The tank was produced at the Chelyabinsk Kirov Factory and the Leningrad Kirov Factory until 1965. According to published data, 979 vehicles were produced with this modification.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_t_10m Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|OR18NRGT7uw|'''The Shooting Range #254''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 03:03 discusses the T-10.|JEsCY06C7yM|'''T-10M - The Last Soviet Heavy''' - ''JustinPlaysYT''|lEvG8qm5FL4|'''What you get when tank designs from past and present collides? - T-10M''' - ''HowToPlay1337''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[T-10A]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/devblog/current/801|[Devblog] Heavy Tank T-10M]]
* [[wikipedia:T-10_tank|[Wikipedia] T-10 tank]]

===References===
<references>
<ref name="ZalogaIS">Zaloga, Steven. ''IS-2 Heavy Tank 1944-73'' Great Britain: Osprey Publishing Ltd., 1994</ref>
</references>

{{TankManufacturer ChTZ}}
{{USSR heavy tanks}}