War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

Type 90 (B)

2024-10-13T03:53:37Z

U122232598: i think you mixed that up with JM12

{{About
| about = Japanese medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = the other version
| link-1 = Type 90 (Family)
| usage-2 = other uses
| link-2 = Type 90 (Disambiguation)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=jp_type_90b
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' ({{Annotation|90式戦車B型|Kyūmaru Shiki Sensha, 'B' Gata}}) is a small alteration on the [[Type 90]] equipping mounting plates on the hull to allow for the Type 92 mine roller.

It was introduced in [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]]. Essentially being a backup to the previous [[Type 90]], it does everything the same and offers only minor plates to the hull which won't exactly improve survivability. The only real downside of the plates is the inability to mount a dozer blade like its previous model.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


[[File:Type 90 Density Visualisation.png|thumb|Type 90 [[Protection Density Visualisation]]]]
The Type 90 MBT sacrifices protection and survivability in order to attain a smaller profile and a lighter vehicle overall (vehicle weight is important in Japan in order to pass over their many bridges). As such, most 'improved' rounds available to other 10.0-10.3 MBTs (such as the [[Leopard 2A5]]'s DM33, or the [[Leclerc]]'s OFL 120 F1) will punch through even the Type 90's turret cheeks or upper front plate. It's important to keep in mind that even some autocannon ammunition will easily penetrate some of the weaker sections of the Type 90 from the front.

Despite the mediocre protection, the Type 90 has one main survivability feature: its primary ammunition is stored in blowout-protected compartments, sparing the crew from side shots on the rear of the turret, providing no more than 19 rounds are carried. Unfortunately, however, due to the autoloaded cannon the Type 90 is crewed by only 3, increasing the chances of being disabled from an initial shot.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 25 mm (78°) ''Driver's hatch'' 40 mm (47-83°) ''Upper glacis'' 40 mm (44°) ''Lower glacis'' || 35 mm 10 mm ''Side Skirts'' 25 mm ''Top'' || 25 mm (17-70°) ''All rear'' 15 mm ''Engine grille'' || 20 mm (0-8°) ''Hull roof incl. engine deck'' 15 mm ''Engine grille''
|-
| Turret || 40 mm ''Cheeks incl. Gunner optics'' 35 mm ''Mantlet'' 35 mm ''Rear Mantlet Plate'' || 35 mm ''Forward'' 33 mm + 80 mm (air) + 40 mm ''Middle Spaced Armour'' 12 mm + 80 mm (air) + 35 mm ''Rear Spaced Armour'' || 25 mm ''Turret'' || 35 mm (83°) ''Forehead Armour'' 20 mm ''Rear turret incl. cupola''
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Composite armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides
|-
| Hull || '''''Upper glacis''''' 320 - 450 mm ''Kinetic'' 420 - 600 mm ''Chemical'' '''''Lower glacis''''' 37 mm - 300 mm ''Kinetic'' 20 - 380 mm ''Chemical'' || N/A
|-
| Turret || '''''Turret cheeks''''' 400 - 450 mm ''Kinetic'' 640 - 660 mm ''Chemical'' '''''Gun mantlet''''' 275 - 375 mm ''Kinetic'' 500 - 600 mm ''Chemical'' || '''''Side forward''''' 78 - 400 mm ''Kinetic'' 81 - 490 mm ''Chemical'' '''''Side middle''''' 77 mm ''Kinetic'' 80 mm ''Chemical''
|-
|}

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=2032|rbMinHp=1327}}

The {{PAGENAME}} is powered by a 10-cylinder two-stroke diesel engine producing a maximum of 1,500 horsepower at 2400 RPM. Combined with its relatively light weight of only 51.6 tonnes, this gives it an excellent power-to-weight ratio of 29.07. As such, the Type 90 is often one of the first vehicles to reach cap points in a match, and can comfortably flank or move into advantageous positions earlier than many of its contemporaries. This power is transferred to the drive sprockets via an automatic transmission with 7 forward and 2 backward gears, unfortunately limiting the otherwise extremely mobile vehicle to 72 km/h (RB/SB) forwards and -33 km/h (RB/SB) backwards - speeds which it will reach with ease on-road.

The {{PAGENAME}} also mounts hydropneumatic suspension, allowing it to actively change the vehicle's ride height and angle. This can be used to improve traction on angled surfaces.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Type 90 L/44 (120 mm)}}

The Type 90 L/44 120 mm cannon is a license-produced clone of the Rheinmetall L/44 cannon found on the Leopard 2 series and the M1A1/M1A2. As such, it shares their excellent accuracy and firepower characteristics, with a key advantage: the Type 90 is autoloaded. This results in a flat 4 second reload, better than the peak manually loaded speeds available to the other L/44-mounting vehicles (6 seconds). Additionally, reloads are not hindered by fire or the loss of crew members. The Type 90 has two rounds available to it; the powerful JM33 APFSDS round (based off the NATO DM33 round) and the JM12A1 HEAT-FS round (based off DM12A1). These rounds are more than capable of penetrating any opponent the Type 90 may face, although when facing some later vehicles such as the M1A2 or Leopard 2A5, weak points must be targeted.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type 90 L/44 (120 mm)|120 mm Type 90 L/44]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
!Autoloader
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 42 || rowspan="2" | -7°/+10° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 28.6 || 39.5 || 48.0 || 53.1 || 56.5 || rowspan="2" | 4.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 17.9 || 21.0 || 25.5 || 28.2 || 30.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:Type 90 L/44 (120 mm)/Ammunition|JM12A1, JM33}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_Type_90.png|right|thumb|x200px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''42''' || 39 ''(+3)'' || 19 ''(+23)'' || 1 ''(+41)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Note''':

* Hull empty: 19 ''(+23)'' shells.
{{Clear}}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|Type 74 (7.62 mm)}}

The Type 90 mounts two machine guns; one pintle-mounted 12.7 mm and one coaxial mounted 7.62 mm. These can be used as deterrent for low-flying aircraft, clearing light obstacles or crew from open-top vehicles, or spotting enemy vehicles.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 1,000 (200) || 577 || -8°/+60° || ±120°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type 74 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Type 74]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 4,500 (250) || 701 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The {{PAGENAME}} is an extremely capable vehicle in the hands of an experienced tanker, but heed must be paid to the vehicle's weaknesses at all times.

'''Rural Combat'''

The {{PAGENAME}} is very capable in rural combat where cover is plentiful and flanking routes are available. It should ideally be used for early flanks where available (such as the eastern flank on [[Maginot Line (Ground Forces)|Maginot Line]]) or when unavailable, pushing quickly for early captures before moving to a nearby protected location to hold that point. It's important to be aware of which routes might be sniper-covered early, as many snipers (such as the [[Challenger 2]] or [[Ariete PSO]]) will easily penetrate the {{PAGENAME}}, even at range - avoid giving them the opportunity.

'''Urban Combat'''

The {{PAGENAME}} can prove itself to be an excellent urban combat vehicle, primarily due to its mobility and reliably fast reload. As in rural combat, an early push for a cap can prove viable before moving into a protected position, although often by the time the capture is completed enemy targets will be nearby. Early flanking (such as around the sides of [[American Desert]]) is also viable.

'''Notable Targets'''

* [[Challenger 2]] - The Challenger 2 is often found as a sniper due to its pin-point accuracy, good reload and excellent turret armour. The Type 90 should never be used to face a sniping CR2 head-on, but instead should attempt to flank or force engagements at close range where weak spots are easily targeted.
* [[M1A2 Abrams]] - The M1A2 Abrams has excellent frontal protection and can prove tricky to discern from earlier models in the heat of a battle. As a general rule it's preferable to aim for the gun mantlet or turret ring on any Abrams, despite the fact that JM33 will penetrate nearly anywhere on early models - better safe than sorry.
* [[Leopard 2A5]] - The Leopard 2A5 is very well protected, although JM33 will punch through its hull without any significant trouble. Avoid fighting a hull-down 2A5 head-on, rather taking flanking routes when available. If no choice is presented, aim for the gun mantlet or the turret ring.
* [[T-80U]] - The T-80U is extremely well protected from the front, and care should be taken when engaging - aim for the driver viewport or the lower front plate; or where these are not options try to disable its gun through the mantlet. If flanking, side shots will often despatch the T-80U quickly.
* [[Leclerc]] - The Leclerc is extremely fast, with a power-to-weight ratio not far short of the Type 90's. When pushing early for caps or flanks, be aware that the Leclerc may be one of the first vehicles you'll counter.
* [[Leopard 2K]] - The Leopard 2K has the best power-to-weight ratio of any MBT currently in War Thunder, and it will often be capable of getting to positions before the Type 90. Keep in mind that it can be penetrated anywhere, but aware the 'bouncy' armour; aim carefully.
* [[AMX-40]] - The AMX-40 is extremely mobile and caution is advised when pushing early. Fortunately, the AMX-40 has negligible protection and JM33 will make quick work of it.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Relatively small profile despite visual similarities to the Leopard 2A4
* 120 mm cannon with autoloader, 4-second reload unaffected by crew or fire
* Extremely mobile, high power-to-weight ratio
* Fitted with [[Hydropneumatic suspension]], although this can only be operated when stationary
* JM33 APFSDS round is competitive (identical to DM33, the 'improved' round on the Leopard 2A5)
* Primary ammunition storage protected within blow-out containment in the rear of the turret

'''Cons:'''

* Despite having composite protection in the turret and upper front plate, it's insufficient protection for many of the tanks it will face
* Only three crew, a well-placed shot can easily cause a crew knock-out
* Forced to use a mediocre round prior to researching the tier III JM33 APFSDS
* JM33 APFSDS round struggles against higher-rank opponents if not aimed at weak spots
* Can only carry 19 ammunition before additional ammo is stored in the less protected hull racks
* Slow elevation/depression speed for the main gun
* Slower turret traverse than most other MBTs

== History ==

Development of the Type 90 began almost immediately after the introduction of the Type 74 into service, with the Japanese High Command already looking for a superior replacement. A central aspect of the new machine would have to be the ability to take on and defeat the new Soviet T-72 main battle tank. With that in mind, Japanese engineers began working on a prototype design, which would see completion in 1980. Two prototypes of this initial design were built, tested and improved upon between 1980 - 1986.

Testing resumed in 1986 with a second batch of four prototype vehicles, featuring a number of improvements over the initial two. The most significant change included the replacement of a Japanese-made 120mm smoothbore gun with the established Rheinmetall 120 L/44, most notably used by the M1A1 Abrams and Leopard 2 at the time. The decision to change the gun from a domestic one to a licence-built alternative most likely came as a measure to reduce production costs. However, unlike the MBTs of western armies, the designers of the Type 90 opted to equip the tank with an autoloading mechanism, making it the only production vehicle that did so in combination with the Rh 120 cannon. Further testing and army trials of these prototypes was conducted during the late 80s before the Japanese army formally introduced the tank into service in 1990 as the Type 90. Production of the Type 90 began in 1990 and continued until 2009, with 341 vehicles made.

''- From [[wt:en/news/5499-development-type-90-the-lightweight-heavy-hitter-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=jp_type_90b Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|p6cWlyUnJQA|'''Top 7 off-road beasts''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 4:27 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|31ZOmtzI_2g|'''The Shooting Range #107''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:35 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|K-9ObimGTJI|'''JGSDF Type 90: Actual Sound Recording''' - ''DMM GAMES Official Channel''|G_jOfO3g_iA|'''JGSDF Type 90: 360° Video''' - ''DMM GAMES Official Channel''|xarYzM07uSk|[JP] '''Former SDF member spectates Type 90 at firing range''' (Part 1)|AyvnH_sBgrg|[JP] '''Former SDF member rides Type 90 at firing range''' (Part 2)}}

== See also ==


;Related Development
* [[Type 90 (Family)]]
** [[Type 90]] - (base model)
** [[Type 90 (B) "Fuji"]]
* [[Type 10 (Family)]] - (successor)

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role
{{columns|2|
* [[File:France flag.png|30px|link=]] [[Leclerc (Family)]]
* [[File:FRG flag.png|30px|link=]] [[Leopard 2 (Family)]]
* [[File:Italy flag.png|30px|link=]] [[Ariete (Family)]]
* [[File:USA flag.png|30px|link=]] [[M1 Abrams (Family)]]
* [[File:USA flag.png|30px|link=]] [[File:FRG flag.png|30px|link=]] [[MBT-70]] / [[KPz-70]] / [[XM-803]]
* [[File:Britain flag.png|30px|link=]] [[Challenger (Disambiguation)|Challenger MBT]]
* [[File:Israel flag.png|30px|link=]] [[Merkava (Family)]]
* [[File:USSR flag.png|30px|link=]] [[T-72 (Family)|T-72 / T-90 (Family)]]
* [[File:USSR flag.png|30px|link=]] [[T-80 (Family)]]
* [[File:China flag.png|30px|link=]] [[ZTZ96 (Family)]]
* [[File:China flag.png|30px|link=]] [[ZTZ99 (Family)]]
}}

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Japan medium tanks}}

Type 10

2024-03-10T22:16:25Z

U122232598:

{{About
| about = Japanese medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = other versions
| link-1 = Type 10 (Family)
| usage-2 = other uses
| link-2 = Type 10 (Disambiguation)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=jp_type_10
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' ({{Annotation|10式戦車|Hitomaru Shiki Sensha}}) was initially accepted into service in 2010 (with effect in 2012) to complement and replace the existing [[Type 74 (Family)|Type 74]] and [[Type 90 (Family)|Type 90]] main battle tanks. Compared to its predecessors, there was a bigger emphasis on the {{Annotation|C4I system|Command, Control, Communication, Computer & Intelligence}}, weight reduction, and modular armour.

It was introduced in [[Update "Winged Lions"]]. Like the prototype variant after it ([[TKX]]), it comes densely armoured with a weaker engine compared to its heavier brother the Type 90; but provides an excellent end tier Type 10 APFSDS shell which it can fire every 4 seconds. It can brawl at CQC combat due to its fast fire-rate and excel at sniping with its enhanced Gen 3 thermal imaging, sight zoom, and LWS/LRF. The Type 10 is an MBT that can fulfill its role, with the only major downsides being the long first-ammo rack replenish rate and the armour not being on par with other end-tier MBTs.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The Type 10 was designed to be a lighter yet more protected version of its predecessor, the [[Type 90]] (Kyumaru); thanks to advances in technology during the two decades and its overall design, the Type 10 reaches a high level of protection with an detachable composite block on the front of the hull, the turret has also been designed to fit new composite armour blocks. The overall protection of the hull front can reach up to 575-580 mm against kinetic rounds on average, while the turret is another story - with only frontal arc protection and around 500 mm of KE protection, chances are most darts at the same BR range can penetrate the turret with relatively ease, and turret sidescraping is not an option as the inner part of the turret has very little protection.

The lower glacis is yet another story, with its fairly large area and very low protection, it can be the death sentence of the Type 10 if the spalling after penetration spreads in a wide area and does fatal damage to the crew.

The huge hull can mitigate some spalling from KE rounds thanks to its relatively hollow battle compartment, but having only 3 crew members like the [[Type 90]] means that a loss of 2 crew will result in a knock out.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 5 mm (35-85°) ''Upper glacis'' 40 mm (32°) ''Lower glacis'' || 30 mm ''Top'' 35 + 10 mm ''Bottom'' || 25 mm 15 mm ''Engine grille'' || 25 mm 10 mm ''Engine grille''
|-
| Turret || 5 mm ''Turret front'' 20 mm ''Gun mantlet'' 77 mm ''Rear mantlet plate'' || 5 + 35 mm || 5 + 25 mm || 20 - 40 mm
|-
| Cupola || 50 mm || 50 mm || 50 mm || 30 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick
* Turret ring is 50 mm thick and has additional 10 mm internal armour in front of it
* Belly armour is 25 mm thick
* Composite armour covers upper glacis and turret:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Composite armour !! Front (Slope angle)
|-
| Hull || '''''Upper glacis''''' __ - __ mm ''Kinetic'' __ - __ mm ''Chemical''
|-
| Turret || '''''Turret cheeks''''' __ - __ mm ''Kinetic'' __ - __ mm ''Chemical'' '''''Gun mantlet''''' __ - __ mm ''Kinetic'' __ - __ mm ''Chemical''
|-
|}

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1626|rbMinHp=1061}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|TKG (120 mm)}}

Type 10 utilises a new domestic 120 mm smoothbore gun, developed by Nippon Steel Works; thanks to new alloy technology used on this gun, the new gun can fire rounds at even higher bore pressure, thus enhancing the penetration even more than Type 90. Another key feature is the 14 round autoloader that reloads every 4 seconds, located at the back of the turret, making Type 10 a very formidable opponent in battle.

The Type 10 is equipped with thermals for both gunner and commander and night-vision for the driver. these thermals have a resolution of 800x1200, this qualifies them as 3/2+ gen. thermals.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[TKG (120 mm)|120 mm TKG]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 35 || rowspan="2" | -7°/+10° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 28.6 || 39.5 || 48.0 || 53.1 || 56.5 || rowspan="2" | 4.00 || rowspan="2" | 4.00 || rowspan="2" | 4.00 || rowspan="2" | 4.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 17.9 || 21.0 || 25.5 || 28.2 || 30.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The stock shell that comes with the tank is very familiar to JGSDF players: JM12A1 HEATFS, equivalent of DM12A1 and M830 HEATFS of NATO guns. At top tier, it struggles to penetrate any modern MBTs with composite armour with up to 900 mm CE protection and its explosive filler is nowhere near enough to overpressure any MBTs as well, just enough to ruin the day for lighter vehicles or SPAAGs. However, thanks to the Type 10's above average mobility, taking the flanks is still achievable; and the reload rate is forgiving for misplaced shots, players might still have a second chance to knock out the enemy's gun or the whole tank right away with its 4-second reload.

The first kinetic round is another familiar shell as well: JM33 APFSDS, equivalent of DM33, at tier I modification. Players who have experienced the Type 90 duo knows how the shell struggles when facing the masses of Soviet/Russian MBTs with sturdy front arc protection; only well-placed shots on their weak spots or lower glacis can knock them out. This is still far superior to the stock JM12A1, and should be a priority for research.

The final researchable shell is the brand new Type 10 APFSDS, which is also the latest shell of JGSDF that came commissioned with Type 10 itself. New technologies on this dart boost both its penetration and velocity - delivering a whopping 615 mm of penetration every 4 seconds can certainly be the nightmare of any tank trying to break through the frontline.

{{:TKG (120 mm)/Ammunition|JM12A1, JM33, Type 10}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''35''' || 15 ''(+20)'' || 1 ''(+34)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Hull empty: 15 ''(+20)'' shells.
* The autoloader contains 14 shells. Once these have all been fired, the autoloader must be replenished before being able to fire again.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|Type 74 (7.62 mm)}}

The Type 10 mounts two machine guns; one pintle-mounted 12.7 mm and one coaxial mounted 7.62 mm. These can be used as deterrent for aircraft, clearing light obstacles or crew from open-top vehicles, or spotting enemy vehicles.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 1,000 (200) || 577 || -8°/+60° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type 74 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Type 74]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,000 (250) || 701 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

{{main|Type 90#Usage_in_battles|l1=Type 90}}
The Type 10 series of tanks are a sidegrade of the [[Type 90 (Family)|Type 90]] supposed to supplement the latter by being lighter on Japanese infrastructure and improving on their electronic capabilities. With the main focus of the Type 10 being lighter than the Type 90, it swaps out the engine and transmission to a lighter model contributing the most to its weight re-distribution next to its smaller over profile. Next to that the armour on the Type 10 is modular with the overall armour package being more efficient yet slightly heavier than on the Type 90, the {{PAGENAME}} comes in standard configuration at totalling 44 tons offering roughly the same armour equivalence to the Type 90. The improved FCS also includes the ability to fire the new Type 10 APDSFS shell through Gen 3 thermals.

The {{PAGENAME}} is a highly mobile and fast-firing MBT that excels in flanking and sniping roles. However, its armour is not reliable and it is vulnerable to enemy fire, so it requires constant situational awareness and effective use of its hydropneumatic suspension, LWS, Laser Rangefinder and smoke grenades. The Type 10 should not engage in frontal assaults or close combat, but rather support allied MBTs from a safe distance and exploit its mobility and firepower to deal damage and relocate as needed. Getting early warnings of potential incoming fire thanks to its LWS, providing enough time and knowledge to retreat or dodge incoming shells.

;Notable Opponents

* '''[[T-80 (Family)|T-80]]/[[T-72 (Family)|T-72]]''' - The Russian top-rank MBTs pose a dangerous opponent for the Type 10. They possess good firepower and frontal protection. Frontally, the player wants to aim at the lower plate or driver's port. If facing from the sides, be aware that the Russian ERA blocks may stop the shell (even one as powerful as the Type 10 APFSDS) and always note that it may take a follow-up shot to knock it out.

* '''[[M1 Abrams (Family)]]''' - The M1A2 possesses good straight-line mobility that rivals the Type 10 with superior protection and survivability. The player wants to aim at the massive turret ring, this will usually knock out or cripple the tank. Take a follow up shot if needed. If turret ring is not visible, the player wants to aim at the gun breech or mantlet to knock out the gun and kill

* '''[[Challenger 2 (Family)]]''' - The Challenger 2 is a slow, large target with subpar protection against top battle-rating kinetic munitions. Though players should still beware of its 5-second (with ace crew) reload that is almost as fast as the Type 10's (within its ready rack range). The player can aim at its lower plate, drivers port or breech area.

* '''[[Leopard 2 (Family)]]''' - Superior firepower and turret protection, these tanks have vulnerable hulls that are rather easy to penetrate with the Type 10 round. The player can aim lower plate. If the Leopard 2 is hull down - player can aim at the barrel or try to knock out the gun breech through a turret ring shot (Warning: Turret ring shots tend to be unreliable so be careful of the angle!)

* '''[[Leclerc (Family)]]''' - Mobile autoloaded tanks with decent protection, the Leclerc(s) have a large weak spot in the breech area that can disable the gun or possibly knock out the tank.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Autoloaded 120 mm cannon, 4-second reload unaffected by crew or fire
* Has access to 3rd generation thermal sights for the gunner and commander
* Type 10 APFSDS round is competitive (Comparable to DM53, the 'improved' round on the Leopard 2A5)
* Quite mobile, high power-to-weight ratio and high reverse speed
* Fitted with hydropneumatic suspension, although this can only be operated when stationary
** Can lower the tank significantly, allowing you to hide behind relatively low hills and ridges
* Primary ammunition storage protected within blow-out containment in the rear of the turret
* Relatively small profile

'''Cons:'''

* Only three crew, a well-placed shot can easily cause a full crew knock-out
* Can only carry 15 rounds before additional ammo is stored in the unsafe hull racks
* Hydropneumatic suspension ceases to work when the engine is hit
* Relatively poor gun depression, unless the suspension is used
* Armour is very spread out in the front with the only well-defended places being the upper front plate, turret cheeks, and breech
* While fast in top speed, this tank is a bit slow to accelerate
* Slow elevation/depression speed for the main gun
* Slower turret traverse than most other MBTs

== History ==
{{Main|Type 10 (Family)#History|l1=Type 10 (Family)}}

==== Challenges of New Millennium ====
In the mid-1990s, after the introduction of the previous TKX-1, [[Type 90 (Family)|Type 90 MBT]], the Ministry of Defense soon realised that, despite its superior FCS even for NATO standards, further upgrading the Type 90 would be impractical (for the time being) due to its already heavy weight in Japan's standards; while the previous [[Type 61 (Family)|Type 61 Medium Tank]] had no chance when facing even the earliest MBTs and [[Type 74 (Family)|Type 74 MBT]] was too costly to be [[Type 74 (G)|upgraded]]. The possible rivals of Japan, like Mainland China and the Russia Federation had already developed their new MBTs (PLAGF [[ZTZ96 (Family)|ZTZ96]] and [[ZTZ99 (Family)|ZTZ99]]/Russian [[T-90A]]); in view of maintaining a team of tank designers as well as a part of national defense, JGSDF passed a new plan for a next-generation MBT with redundancy for further upgrades (modularity), thus inherited the project name: TKX-2.
[[File:JGSDF Type10 tank 2012-05-27.jpg|x350px|right|thumb|none|A JGSDF Type 10 at Camp Takeyama, Japan.]]
==== From Kyumaru to Hitomaru ====
The TKX-2 project aimed for the light weight of a Type 74 (at 40 tons, loaded) while being smaller than Type 90, equipping a domestic 120 mm smoothbore gun with latest {{Annotation|C4ISR|Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance}} system, modular composite armour, and new engines paired with HMT transmission. TKX-2 was led by the {{Annotation|TRDI|Technical Research and Development Institute}} with help from Mitsubishi Heavy Industries. The new smoothbore gun and its new APFSDS were developed by Nippon Steel Corporation and Daikin Industries respectively. These designs were tested on a Tank Test Bed (TTB) developed from the 6th prototype of Type 90 and was first shown in a booklet in the early 2000s; the result of TTB proved the designs and project TKX-2 started in 2002. The 1st prototype was assembled in November 2004 and tested at JGSDF Camp Higashi-Chitose; MHI built the 2nd prototype in 2005, while there were also 3 Type 90s converted as the test bed for tank platoon command systems.

Finally, with the evaluations from JGSDF Fuji School, Ordnance School, and leaked photos of the 2nd prototype, the TKX-2 was unveiled on 14 June 2010 to the public during the opening of JGSDF East Fuji Manoeuvre Area and it was then named Type 10 in October. It served as the most advanced MBT of the first decade of the 2000s, and is an icon of the JGSDF moving forward into the 21st century.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=jp_type_10 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|eb6Xlv-YJA0|'''The Shooting Range #285''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:51 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


;Related Development

* [[Type 90 (Family)]] - (predecessor)

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[Leclerc (Family)]]
* [[M1 Abrams (Family)]]
* [[Leopard 2 (Family)]]
* [[Ariete (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7448-development-type-10-making-the-good-better-en|[Devblog] Type 10: Making the good, better]]

{{Manufacturer MHI}}
{{Japan medium tanks}}

Type 10

2024-03-10T22:15:34Z

U122232598:

{{About
| about = Japanese medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = other versions
| link-1 = Type 10 (Family)
| usage-2 = other uses
| link-2 = Type 10 (Disambiguation)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=jp_type_10
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' ({{Annotation|10式戦車|Hitomaru Shiki Sensha}}) was initially accepted into service in 2010 (with effect in 2012) to complement and replace the existing [[Type 74 (Family)|Type 74]] and [[Type 90 (Family)|Type 90]] main battle tanks. Compared to its predecessors, there was a bigger emphasis on the {{Annotation|C4I system|Command, Control, Communication, Computer & Intelligence}}, weight reduction, and modular armour.

It was introduced in [[Update "Winged Lions"]]. Like the prototype variant after it ([[TKX]]), it comes densely armoured with a weaker engine compared to its heavier brother the Type 90; but provides an excellent end tier Type 10 APFSDS shell which it can fire every 4 seconds. It can brawl at CQC combat due to its fast fire-rate, excel at sniping with its enhanced Gen 3 thermal imaging, sight zoom, and LWS/LRF. The Type 10 is an MBT that can full fill its role, with the only major downsides being the long first-ammo rack replenish rate and the armour not being on par with other end-tier MBTs.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The Type 10 was designed to be a lighter yet more protected version of its predecessor, the [[Type 90]] (Kyumaru); thanks to advances in technology during the two decades and its overall design, the Type 10 reaches a high level of protection with an detachable composite block on the front of the hull, the turret has also been designed to fit new composite armour blocks. The overall protection of the hull front can reach up to 575-580 mm against kinetic rounds on average, while the turret is another story - with only frontal arc protection and around 500 mm of KE protection, chances are most darts at the same BR range can penetrate the turret with relatively ease, and turret sidescraping is not an option as the inner part of the turret has very little protection.

The lower glacis is yet another story, with its fairly large area and very low protection, it can be the death sentence of the Type 10 if the spalling after penetration spreads in a wide area and does fatal damage to the crew.

The huge hull can mitigate some spalling from KE rounds thanks to its relatively hollow battle compartment, but having only 3 crew members like the [[Type 90]] means that a loss of 2 crew will result in a knock out.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 5 mm (35-85°) ''Upper glacis'' 40 mm (32°) ''Lower glacis'' || 30 mm ''Top'' 35 + 10 mm ''Bottom'' || 25 mm 15 mm ''Engine grille'' || 25 mm 10 mm ''Engine grille''
|-
| Turret || 5 mm ''Turret front'' 20 mm ''Gun mantlet'' 77 mm ''Rear mantlet plate'' || 5 + 35 mm || 5 + 25 mm || 20 - 40 mm
|-
| Cupola || 50 mm || 50 mm || 50 mm || 30 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick
* Turret ring is 50 mm thick and has additional 10 mm internal armour in front of it
* Belly armour is 25 mm thick
* Composite armour covers upper glacis and turret:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Composite armour !! Front (Slope angle)
|-
| Hull || '''''Upper glacis''''' __ - __ mm ''Kinetic'' __ - __ mm ''Chemical''
|-
| Turret || '''''Turret cheeks''''' __ - __ mm ''Kinetic'' __ - __ mm ''Chemical'' '''''Gun mantlet''''' __ - __ mm ''Kinetic'' __ - __ mm ''Chemical''
|-
|}

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1626|rbMinHp=1061}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|TKG (120 mm)}}

Type 10 utilises a new domestic 120 mm smoothbore gun, developed by Nippon Steel Works; thanks to new alloy technology used on this gun, the new gun can fire rounds at even higher bore pressure, thus enhancing the penetration even more than Type 90. Another key feature is the 14 round autoloader that reloads every 4 seconds, located at the back of the turret, making Type 10 a very formidable opponent in battle.

The Type 10 is equipped with thermals for both gunner and commander and night-vision for the driver. these thermals have a resolution of 800x1200, this qualifies them as 3/2+ gen. thermals.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[TKG (120 mm)|120 mm TKG]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 35 || rowspan="2" | -7°/+10° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 28.6 || 39.5 || 48.0 || 53.1 || 56.5 || rowspan="2" | 4.00 || rowspan="2" | 4.00 || rowspan="2" | 4.00 || rowspan="2" | 4.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 17.9 || 21.0 || 25.5 || 28.2 || 30.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The stock shell that comes with the tank is very familiar to JGSDF players: JM12A1 HEATFS, equivalent of DM12A1 and M830 HEATFS of NATO guns. At top tier, it struggles to penetrate any modern MBTs with composite armour with up to 900 mm CE protection and its explosive filler is nowhere near enough to overpressure any MBTs as well, just enough to ruin the day for lighter vehicles or SPAAGs. However, thanks to the Type 10's above average mobility, taking the flanks is still achievable; and the reload rate is forgiving for misplaced shots, players might still have a second chance to knock out the enemy's gun or the whole tank right away with its 4-second reload.

The first kinetic round is another familiar shell as well: JM33 APFSDS, equivalent of DM33, at tier I modification. Players who have experienced the Type 90 duo knows how the shell struggles when facing the masses of Soviet/Russian MBTs with sturdy front arc protection; only well-placed shots on their weak spots or lower glacis can knock them out. This is still far superior to the stock JM12A1, and should be a priority for research.

The final researchable shell is the brand new Type 10 APFSDS, which is also the latest shell of JGSDF that came commissioned with Type 10 itself. New technologies on this dart boost both its penetration and velocity - delivering a whopping 615 mm of penetration every 4 seconds can certainly be the nightmare of any tank trying to break through the frontline.

{{:TKG (120 mm)/Ammunition|JM12A1, JM33, Type 10}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''35''' || 15 ''(+20)'' || 1 ''(+34)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Hull empty: 15 ''(+20)'' shells.
* The autoloader contains 14 shells. Once these have all been fired, the autoloader must be replenished before being able to fire again.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|Type 74 (7.62 mm)}}

The Type 10 mounts two machine guns; one pintle-mounted 12.7 mm and one coaxial mounted 7.62 mm. These can be used as deterrent for aircraft, clearing light obstacles or crew from open-top vehicles, or spotting enemy vehicles.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 1,000 (200) || 577 || -8°/+60° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type 74 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Type 74]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,000 (250) || 701 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

{{main|Type 90#Usage_in_battles|l1=Type 90}}
The Type 10 series of tanks are a sidegrade of the [[Type 90 (Family)|Type 90]] supposed to supplement the latter by being lighter on Japanese infrastructure and improving on their electronic capabilities. With the main focus of the Type 10 being lighter than the Type 90, it swaps out the engine and transmission to a lighter model contributing the most to its weight re-distribution next to its smaller over profile. Next to that the armour on the Type 10 is modular with the overall armour package being more efficient yet slightly heavier than on the Type 90, the {{PAGENAME}} comes in standard configuration at totalling 44 tons offering roughly the same armour equivalence to the Type 90. The improved FCS also includes the ability to fire the new Type 10 APDSFS shell through Gen 3 thermals.

The {{PAGENAME}} is a highly mobile and fast-firing MBT that excels in flanking and sniping roles. However, its armour is not reliable and it is vulnerable to enemy fire, so it requires constant situational awareness and effective use of its hydropneumatic suspension, LWS, Laser Rangefinder and smoke grenades. The Type 10 should not engage in frontal assaults or close combat, but rather support allied MBTs from a safe distance and exploit its mobility and firepower to deal damage and relocate as needed. Getting early warnings of potential incoming fire thanks to its LWS, providing enough time and knowledge to retreat or dodge incoming shells.

;Notable Opponents

* '''[[T-80 (Family)|T-80]]/[[T-72 (Family)|T-72]]''' - The Russian top-rank MBTs pose a dangerous opponent for the Type 10. They possess good firepower and frontal protection. Frontally, the player wants to aim at the lower plate or driver's port. If facing from the sides, be aware that the Russian ERA blocks may stop the shell (even one as powerful as the Type 10 APFSDS) and always note that it may take a follow-up shot to knock it out.

* '''[[M1 Abrams (Family)]]''' - The M1A2 possesses good straight-line mobility that rivals the Type 10 with superior protection and survivability. The player wants to aim at the massive turret ring, this will usually knock out or cripple the tank. Take a follow up shot if needed. If turret ring is not visible, the player wants to aim at the gun breech or mantlet to knock out the gun and kill

* '''[[Challenger 2 (Family)]]''' - The Challenger 2 is a slow, large target with subpar protection against top battle-rating kinetic munitions. Though players should still beware of its 5-second (with ace crew) reload that is almost as fast as the Type 10's (within its ready rack range). The player can aim at its lower plate, drivers port or breech area.

* '''[[Leopard 2 (Family)]]''' - Superior firepower and turret protection, these tanks have vulnerable hulls that are rather easy to penetrate with the Type 10 round. The player can aim lower plate. If the Leopard 2 is hull down - player can aim at the barrel or try to knock out the gun breech through a turret ring shot (Warning: Turret ring shots tend to be unreliable so be careful of the angle!)

* '''[[Leclerc (Family)]]''' - Mobile autoloaded tanks with decent protection, the Leclerc(s) have a large weak spot in the breech area that can disable the gun or possibly knock out the tank.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Autoloaded 120 mm cannon, 4-second reload unaffected by crew or fire
* Has access to 3rd generation thermal sights for the gunner and commander
* Type 10 APFSDS round is competitive (Comparable to DM53, the 'improved' round on the Leopard 2A5)
* Quite mobile, high power-to-weight ratio and high reverse speed
* Fitted with hydropneumatic suspension, although this can only be operated when stationary
** Can lower the tank significantly, allowing you to hide behind relatively low hills and ridges
* Primary ammunition storage protected within blow-out containment in the rear of the turret
* Relatively small profile

'''Cons:'''

* Only three crew, a well-placed shot can easily cause a full crew knock-out
* Can only carry 15 rounds before additional ammo is stored in the unsafe hull racks
* Hydropneumatic suspension ceases to work when the engine is hit
* Relatively poor gun depression, unless the suspension is used
* Armour is very spread out in the front with the only well-defended places being the upper front plate, turret cheeks, and breech
* While fast in top speed, this tank is a bit slow to accelerate
* Slow elevation/depression speed for the main gun
* Slower turret traverse than most other MBTs

== History ==
{{Main|Type 10 (Family)#History|l1=Type 10 (Family)}}

==== Challenges of New Millennium ====
In the mid-1990s, after the introduction of the previous TKX-1, [[Type 90 (Family)|Type 90 MBT]], the Ministry of Defense soon realised that, despite its superior FCS even for NATO standards, further upgrading the Type 90 would be impractical (for the time being) due to its already heavy weight in Japan's standards; while the previous [[Type 61 (Family)|Type 61 Medium Tank]] had no chance when facing even the earliest MBTs and [[Type 74 (Family)|Type 74 MBT]] was too costly to be [[Type 74 (G)|upgraded]]. The possible rivals of Japan, like Mainland China and the Russia Federation had already developed their new MBTs (PLAGF [[ZTZ96 (Family)|ZTZ96]] and [[ZTZ99 (Family)|ZTZ99]]/Russian [[T-90A]]); in view of maintaining a team of tank designers as well as a part of national defense, JGSDF passed a new plan for a next-generation MBT with redundancy for further upgrades (modularity), thus inherited the project name: TKX-2.
[[File:JGSDF Type10 tank 2012-05-27.jpg|x350px|right|thumb|none|A JGSDF Type 10 at Camp Takeyama, Japan.]]
==== From Kyumaru to Hitomaru ====
The TKX-2 project aimed for the light weight of a Type 74 (at 40 tons, loaded) while being smaller than Type 90, equipping a domestic 120 mm smoothbore gun with latest {{Annotation|C4ISR|Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance}} system, modular composite armour, and new engines paired with HMT transmission. TKX-2 was led by the {{Annotation|TRDI|Technical Research and Development Institute}} with help from Mitsubishi Heavy Industries. The new smoothbore gun and its new APFSDS were developed by Nippon Steel Corporation and Daikin Industries respectively. These designs were tested on a Tank Test Bed (TTB) developed from the 6th prototype of Type 90 and was first shown in a booklet in the early 2000s; the result of TTB proved the designs and project TKX-2 started in 2002. The 1st prototype was assembled in November 2004 and tested at JGSDF Camp Higashi-Chitose; MHI built the 2nd prototype in 2005, while there were also 3 Type 90s converted as the test bed for tank platoon command systems.

Finally, with the evaluations from JGSDF Fuji School, Ordnance School, and leaked photos of the 2nd prototype, the TKX-2 was unveiled on 14 June 2010 to the public during the opening of JGSDF East Fuji Manoeuvre Area and it was then named Type 10 in October. It served as the most advanced MBT of the first decade of the 2000s, and is an icon of the JGSDF moving forward into the 21st century.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=jp_type_10 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|eb6Xlv-YJA0|'''The Shooting Range #285''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:51 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


;Related Development

* [[Type 90 (Family)]] - (predecessor)

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[Leclerc (Family)]]
* [[M1 Abrams (Family)]]
* [[Leopard 2 (Family)]]
* [[Ariete (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7448-development-type-10-making-the-good-better-en|[Devblog] Type 10: Making the good, better]]

{{Manufacturer MHI}}
{{Japan medium tanks}}

T-34 (Prototype)

2024-03-10T09:07:54Z

U122232598: man what the hell is BR-250!!

{{About
| about = Soviet medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = T-34 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_t_34_1940_l_11
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''A-34''' (otherwise known as '''{{Specs|name}}''') was the precursor of the famous T-34 medium tank that played a crucial role in the Soviet victory in the Second World War. The A-34 was developed from 1937 to 1939 by the design bureau of Kharkiv Factory No. 183, led by Mikhail Koshkin. It was based on the earlier [[BT-7M]] tank, but with a new welded hull and a sloped armour of 45 mm on the front and 40 mm on the sides. The A-34 was armed with a 76 mm L-11 gun and two 7.62 mm machine guns, one in the hull and one in the turret. The A-34 prototype underwent extensive testing in 1939 and 1940, proving its superior mobility, firepower and protection compared to other Soviet tanks at the time. On 19 December 1939, the Defence Committee of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR decided to adopt the A-34 as the T-34, with some modifications such as improving visibility and installing additional machine guns. The T-34 entered mass production in 1940 and became one of the most influential tanks in history.

The '''A-34''', or the '''T-34 prototype''' was available only for [[wt:en/news/356--en|pre-order]] during the Closed Beta Test of Ground Forces before [[Update 1.41]], then discontinued after the update's release. 500 units were also for sale during the [[wt:en/news/5079-special-hurry-up-and-get-rare-packs-en|5th Anniversary event]], which sold out within 12 hours. It has the same features as other T-34s, such as high speed, a decent 76 mm L-11 gun, and 45 mm sloped armour. These make it good for flanking and brawling. The front has weak spots that can be penetrated, but a fast and aggressive style can minimize the exposure. The T-34 prototype differs from the T-34 (1940) in some details, such as a canvas on the left hull, a light on the gun, and an antenna on the turret. Several noticeable weak points on the T-34 are the turret cheeks, the step and the machine gun port on the front hull, and the turret ring. These areas have less sloping or thinner armour than the rest of the tank, making them vulnerable to enemy fire.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet, Driver's hatch, Machine gun port)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 45 mm (60°) ''Front glacis'' 45 mm (0-53°) ''Lower glacis'' 45 mm (22-60°) ''Driver's hatch'' 45 mm (0-77°) ''Machine gun port'' || 40 mm (40°) ''Top'' 45 mm ''Bottom'' || 40 mm (10-47°) ''Top'' 40 mm (21-45°) ''Bottom'' || 20 mm
|-
| Turret || 45 mm (8-80°) ''Turret front'' 45 + 20 mm (13-78°) || 45 mm (29-31°) 45 mm (1-73°) ''Vision ports'' || 45 mm (30-31°) 45 mm (25-32°) ''Turret ring'' || 15 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspensions wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Hull roof has hatches on the rear engine deck that adds 10 mm.
* Belly armour is 13 mm thick.
* Hull underside over tracks is 13 mm thick.

Given that the T-34 prototype nowadays is a rare tank, it is an unlikely opponent to be found on the current War Thunder battlefield. In the case it is found, defeat it in the same manner as any other T-34 tanks. The T-34 prototype has a higher power rating compared to other T-34/76 tanks so the T-34 prototype may move faster than the usual, which would affect the correct lead in aiming at a moving target. Though getting to the side may seem like an easy manoeuvre, the sloped side hull gives the T-34 a good chance to bounce shots. To counter this, aim for the flat hull sides near the suspension wheel areas (careful not to hit the track or wheels), or just hit the turret sides to knock out the loader or gunner, both of which would deteriorate the T-34 prototype's combat performance.

The T-34 prototype can encounter Germany's longer [[KwK40 L43 (75 mm)|75 mm KwK40 L43]] gun on the [[Pz.IV F2|Panzer IV F2]], the Japanese 75 mm Type 3 gun on the Chi-Nu, and the American [[M3 (75 mm)|75 mm]] on the M4 Shermans to be able to reliably penetrate its front weak points. Tanks with weaker guns could also aim for the weak points on the turret cheeks, driver step near the hatch, machine gun port, turret ring, and the lower side hull for a penetration.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=775|rbMinHp=442}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|L-11 (76 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L-11 (76 mm)|76 mm L-11]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 77 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+25° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 23.8 || 32.9 || 40.0 || 44.2 || 47.1 || rowspan="2" | 9.23 || rowspan="2" | 8.17 || rowspan="2" | 7.53 || rowspan="2" | 7.10
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.9 || 17.5 || 21.2 || 23.5 || 25.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:L-11 (76 mm)/Ammunition|BR-350A (MD-5 fuze), BR-350SP, OF-350M, Sh-354T}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_T-34_(1940).png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the T-34 (1940) (identical to the {{PAGENAME}})]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''77''' || 75 ''(+2)'' || 72 ''(+5)'' || 69 ''(+8)'' || 1 ''(+76)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Note''':

* Turret empty: 69 ''(+8)'' shells.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|DT (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[DT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm DT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,890 (63) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The T-34 prototype, due to its weaker 76 mm L-11 gun, does better in closer encounters against thinner armour than long-range. This type of conflict encourages flanking manoeuvres and brawling tactics.

;Flanking

The T-34 prototype's higher speed makes the vehicle more favourable for getting around the enemy's sides. This, combined with the BR-350A APHEBC round, can have the T-34 prototype land an exploding round right into the side hull of an enemy tank, hopefully destroying them instantly. This tactic works favourably in larger maps such as Carpathians and Eastern Europe to get around the enemy from a distance and close in on a term in favour of the T-34's. Though, the T-34 would risk running into enemies with more capable long-range fighting skills like the high-velocity [[KwK40 L43 (75 mm)|75 mm KwK40 L43]] gun that can end the T-34's run easily.

In CQB settings like Advance to the Rhine or Berlin, the T-34 can exploit its speed to get around the city landscape and get to critical points before the enemy could. Though some light tanks could beat the T-34 prototype to these locations, those vehicles could be easily dealt with if engaged first. Be proactive in annihilating the enemy and playing the objective, both of which could be done by controlling a zone of access from the flank position to destroy all enemies crossing the gun sights.

;Brawling

The T-34's large sloped armour on the turret and hull, barring the weak points, make quick reacting situations in close-quarters brawling favourable for the T-34. In a surprise engagement with an unsuspecting enemy, a careless shot from them will most likely bounce off the large surface area of the front hull or the top and bottom side of the turret cheeks. If the enemy fired before the T-34 did, it now has all the time to line a perfect shot for the 76 mm. However, the 76 mm gun in close range also a good ~70 mm penetration, quite capable to most enemies at its BR except against heavy tanks like the KV-1.

The downside with this tactic is the relatively longer reload time on the T-34 of ~8 seconds. When encountering enemies with rapid-firing guns, even the 50 mm guns on the Panzer III can penetrate the weak points and deal a mortal blow to the T-34. Thus, it is important to make sure the T-34 is always fully reloaded and that the first penetrating hit cripples the enemy tanks. It is also important to try and deal with individual enemies instead of multiples as the T-34 prototype is poor in dealing with multiple enemies trying to flank and hit weak points.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great sloping front hull armour
* Turret gun mantlet bounces shots frequently
* Sloped side armour top also bounces shots
* 76 mm APHEBC round inflicts large post-penetration damage
* Strong engine and high top speed for excellent mobility
* Versatile fighting style due to great all-around capabilities
* Handling is superb, especially so with a trained driver
* Reverse speed quite quick for a withdrawal

'''Cons:'''

* Only subpar penetration for the calibre, can lead to the inability to destroy enemy heavy tanks
* Relatively long reload for the usual >75 mm calibre
* Lots of frontal weak points able to be penetrated by even 37 mm calibre, most noticeable are the turret cheeks
* 13 mm belly armour vulnerable to most high-calibre HE shells
* Poor gun depression of -5°
* Loss of crew members hamper tank's combat efficiency drastically
* Large centre ammo rack always filled, right between two fuel tanks
* Cramped crew next to fuel and ammo, detonating APHE shells would often destroy the entire vehicle

== History ==

===Development===
By 1939, the most numerous tank models in the Red Army were the [[T-26|T-26]] and the [[BT-7|BT-series]] light tanks. Though adequate on the days they were introduced, they are now outdated by this time due to the changing technology in anti-tank warfare. Back in 1937, a new tank project was already taking place under engineer Mikhail Koshkin, who was assigned to lead a design team at the Kharkiv Locomotive Factory (KhPZ) for a replacement for the BT light tanks as a new "cavalry tank" to engage in manoeuvre warfare. The first prototype was designated the ''A-20'' with 20 mm of armour, a 45 mm gun, and a diesel engine in a V-12 configuration. The Christie suspension is taken from the BT, even the conversion to drive track-less on roads. But gradually, the new track designs available made this conversion redundant and was excluded in further models. The A-20 also showed the effective research done into sloping armour on previous prototype designs, utilizing an all-around sloping armour on the design.

It was during this design process that the Russo-Japanese border wars took place and showed the deficiency of the T-26 and BT models. Koshkin then appealed for the initiation of a much better tank concept, the "universal tank" to completely replace the T-26 and BT tanks. The second prototype was the ''A-32'' and has an increased 32 mm of frontal armour with a 76.2 mm L-10 gun. The heavier prototype was still just as mobile as the A-20, and further development into the design increased the frontal armour thickness to 45 mm thick and a newer 76.2 mm L-11 gun attached instead. This prototype model presented, called the '''A-34''', was approved for production and designated the [[T-34 (1940)|T-34]] after the year 1934, when Koshkin believed was when he formulated the idea for the T-34. Koshkin, however, never saw his tanks in action as he succumbed to pneumonia in September 1940 after trials with the T-34 in the cold winter. Thus, the drivetrain developer Alexander Morozov was appointed as the next Chief Designer. The T-34 tank would go on to become the most produced World War II tank, with 84,000 tanks produced in the production span between 1940 to 1958.

===Design===
The T-34 took all of the Soviet's experiences with tanks and incorporated into the design. The tank had great sloping armour, a powerful engine, wide tracks, and a large gun. At its introduction, the armour of the T-34 was one of the best in the world, by sloping the 45 mm thick armour plate by 60 degrees, the effective thickness was now 90 mm thick. The armour was welded into place instead of riveted as rivets tend to "spall" and cause damage inside the tank even if the armour was not penetrated. The 76.2 mm gun was a major advantage compared to those on its adversaries, as it could be used as a multi-purpose weapon against infantry and tanks, unlike the Germans who had tanks split for two different roles such as the [[Pz.III E|Panzer III for anti-tank]] and the [[Pz.IV F1|Panzer IV for infantry support]]. The engine, a Model V-2-34 V12 diesel engine, was adequately powerful for the Christie suspension tank design and allowed the T-34 to reach a maximum of 53 km/h (33 mph). The powerful engine, added with the wide tracks that gave it lower ground pressure, allowed the T-34 to travel across cross-country terrain with relative freedom without risk of bogging down.

However, the T-34 is not without its fault and its quality is very questionable in some cases. Two [[T-34 (1941)]] models were sent to the United States in late 1942 for evaluations. The evaluations found the armour quality to be rather insufficient, with improper welding in places that can allow leaks and improper alloys that made armour weaker in some places than others, the T-34 cast turret was even found to use softer armour than the hull that render it vulnerable to even 37 mm shells. The gun sights for the 76.2 mm cannon was also quite poor in comparison to the Axis and other Allies. The tank reliability was also troubled by various mechanical issues, especially in the earlier models. Low-quality air filters and insufficient airflow could impede the engine capabilities and the turret drive had poor reliability that could easily jam up. The vision devices were also poor, the crew are unable to see outside the tank with enough situational awareness, even the tank commander couldn't see well out of the tank. Also, the lack of radios on the first few years of T-34s forced the tank commanders to communicate via flags, with only company commanders tanks fitted with the radios. Ergonomics inside the tanks was unsatisfactory and was very cramped inside, with no turret basket the loader has to struggle when the turret rotates and accessing ammunition on the floor boxes makes it a hard and dangerous job for the loader. The commander's hatch on the turret was also one-piece, making even a "heads-up" view for the commander impossible on these large one-piece hatches. Finally, the two-person turret suffered from not only a very cramped compartment but an overworked commander who has to act as a gunner as well.

===T-34 Prototype===
The prototype of the T-34 was designated the '''A-34''' and was the pre-production model. One notable feature on this tank was a complex single-piece front hull, without the swinging hatch available for the driver to use.

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
The A-34 was based on the experimental A-32 medium tank and was put into service in December 1939. This vehicle's design represented a massive leap in Soviet and world tank development. It was the first vehicle to harmoniously combine cannon-proof armour, high-powered weapons and a reliable undercarriage. Its cannon-proof qualities were provided by very thick rolled armour plates set at a slope. The tank was armed with a 76.2 mm L-11 cannon and two DT machine guns. A powerful 500 hp B-2-34 diesel tank engine and wide 550 mm tracks provided the vehicle with high mobility. The first T-34s produced in 1940 were notable for the very high quality manufacturing of their armour.

The T-34 had a classic layout. The tank's crew consisted of four men - the driver and gunner/radio officer in the driver's compartment, and the loader and commander (also fulfilling the role of gunner) in the two-man turret. The hull and turret were welded from homogeneous rolled armour plates set at a slope.

Factory No. 183 in Kharkov produced these tanks. In the spring of 1940, around 100 A-34 tanks were produced.

Tests of the vehicle in its first tactical deployment exposed a range of flaws, such as crowding in the fighting compartment, the limited field of view from the tank, the lack of a radio connection, the low rate of fire and low technical reliability of the new diesel engines.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_t_34_1940_l_11 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [http://www.tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/soviet/soviet_a32_t32.php [Tanks-Encyclopedia<nowiki>]</nowiki> T-34 Prototypes: A-20 & A-32]

{{TankManufacturer Morozov}}
{{USSR medium tanks}}
{{USSR premium ground vehicles}}

Ariete AMV

2023-12-30T15:35:49Z

U122232598: /* Usage in battles */

{{About
| about = Italian medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Ariete (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=it_ariete_amv_pt1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The C1 Ariete was developed by Consorzio Iveco OTO Melara (CIO) during the late Cold War to allow the Italian army to equip itself with a modern tank which could easily deal with Yugoslav and Warsaw Pact tanks. The AMV PT1 is a further development of the C1 Ariete, it being the first prototype of the AMV program which aims to upgrade several features to improve the tank and extend its life. The PT1 specifically features mobility improvements which allows the tank to be on par in terms of mobility with the rest of the top-tier MBTs.

Introduced in [[Update "Sky Guardians"]], the C1 Ariete AMV is one of the staple tanks of the Italian tech tree, that you can add to your lineup. As a tier 1 mod you get access to the CL3143 APFSDS round which will greatly help you when grinding the vehicle. It's a great MBT when used by players who can work around its weaknesses, keep in mind that unlike the previous Ariete you don't have access to the WAR add-on armour kit.

'''Fun fact''': this MBT is the newest vehicle in the game, first shown in February 2022 during testing for the C1 Ariete upgrade

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, turret, internal plates)
* High-hardness rolled armour (hull UFP, turret front)
* Composite armour (turret front)
* Spaced armour (hull UFP, gun mantlet, turret sides)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || Spaced Armour ''Upper glacis'' 50 mm (50°) ''Lower glacis'' 35 mm (60°) ''Sponson front''|| 10-20 mm ''Top'' 35 mm ''Bottom'' || 20 mm || 35 mm ''Crew compartment'' 20 mm ''Engine compartment'' 5 mm ''Exhaust radiators''
|-
| Turret || Composite armour ''Turret front'' Spaced armour + 90 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || Spaced armour || 20 mm + 10 mm || 40 mm ''Front portion'' 20 mm ''Rear portion''
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.''

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=2,032|rbMinHp=1,327}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|OTO Breda 120/44 (120 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[OTO Breda 120/44 (120 mm)|120 mm OTO Breda 120/44]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 42 || rowspan="2" | -9°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 38.1 || 52.7 || 64.0 || 70.8 || 75.3 || rowspan="2" | 7.80 || rowspan="2" | 6.90 || rowspan="2" | 6.36 || rowspan="2" | 6.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 23.8 || 28.0 || 34.0 || 37.6 || 40.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:OTO Breda 120/44 (120 mm)/Ammunition|DM12A1, CL3143, DM53}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_Ariete_(P).png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''42''' || 16 ''(+26)'' || 1 ''(+41)'' || No
|-
|}
{{Clear}}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|Beretta MG42/59 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Beretta MG42/59 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Beretta MG42/59]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 4,600 (200) || 801 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The C1 Ariete AMV can be played in different roles. It can be played as a sniper due to its decent APFSDS rounds, good thermal and laser rangefinder, however you must not over expose yourself since the armour of the tank cannot withstand any hit from any top tier rounds, even some chemical projectile can penetrate the armour of the Ariete, even in the turret. Due to its improved mobility and very powerful round the Ariete fits perfectly in the "glass gun" role, flanking the enemy and hitting them from the side. However the Ariete cannot be used as a brawler since, as previously mentioned, its armour isn't great, and its rounds aren't protected by any kind of blowout panels which means that any penetrating rounds will result if a one shot.

To sum up, the Ariete is very good at long range and as a glass gun but you have to keep in mind that you can not rely on your armour at all.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* The CL3143 APFSDS round is a tier 1 modification
* Decent forward mobility, even better than previous Ariete due to mobility upgrade
* The commander has access to thermal sights, and both gunner and commander thermals are Gen 2 (higher resolution)
* Outstanding gun handling characteristics
* Quick and responsive reverse
* Fairly decent and reactive mobility at medium to high speeds
* Quick neutral steering
* DM53, combined with great thermals and a laser rangefinder make for an exceptionally deadly sniper
* Unlike other NATO MBTs, there is no ammo rack in the turret bustle: a penetration in the turret rarely destroys the tank in one shot

'''Cons:'''

* Mediocre overall armour protection even against chemical projectiles
* Unprotected ammo stowage
* Placement of crew members and first stage ammo rack make hits to the hull fatal
* The DM53 APFSDS round is a tier 4 modification, though CL3143 is still very capable
* Russian tanks, protected by explosive reactive armour, can at times directly withstand DM53
* Lacks roof-mounted machine gun from the previous C1 Arietes

== History ==

The history of the C1 Ariete begins during the late stages of the Cold War, with a program born out of the need of the Italian army to modernize the fleet of tanks they had during the Cold War, which were the Leopards and M60s. Those tanks would be considered obsolete, considering the fact that many countries around the world who adopted such designs had either put them out of service or replaced them for something more modern. To make the new Italian MBT, Italy put Iveco and OTO Melara in charge. Iveco dealt with the hull, transmission, and engine, while OTO Melara took care of the turret, cannon, and the installation of optical sights. After many changes, and a couple of wooden mock-ups, the C1 Ariete (P), would first be shown to the public, at a presentation inside of La Spezia in 1987. Development kept on continuing towards the year of 1990, which allowed both Iveco and OTO Melara to refine the C1 Ariete's design. Deliveries were scheduled to first take place in 1993, however due to some setbacks (likely funding) it wouldn't be until 1995 that the first C1 Ariete production deliveries actually took place. At first an order of 300 tanks would be made, but due to the Cold War coming to an end, it was reduced to only 200 units, which would all finally be delivered on 7th August 2002.

The tank would feature a set of improvements from previous designs, for example the first C1 Ariete production models had access to the TURMS 3rd generation LTFCS made by Officine Galileo, which gave the capability to the Ariete to fire on the move, both during the day and at night. However later down the line, the last 50 Arietes would receive an upgrade of their sights, which resulted in many improvements, such as allowing the C1 Ariete commanders to have access to thermal imaging. In terms of armaments, the C1 Ariete (P) and C1 Ariete Production had access to a 120 mm smoothbore gun, made by OTO Melara, with similarities to the German made L44. The cannon would be suited to fire the majority of NATO standard munitions. Another improvement included better protection compared to the previous vehicles, it would be one of the more vital aspects of the Ariete. The tank would be delivered up until the early 2000s when the Ariete would begin to be the only official tank in service, while the Leopards and M60s would be fully phased out and put in storage.

Since then however, the Ariete has had quite the bumpy ride when it came to upgrading the machine; the Italian army was not against upgrading it, but there was a common issue that would plague the development: costs. The first proposed upgrade for the C1 Ariete would be what is known as the "C2 Ariete". After the tank had finished being designed, many nations at the time already had better vehicles in service, for example Germany would already have the Leopard 2A5. The C2 Ariete would have featured a lot of improvements, which included new updated armour, an autoloader, new engine, and also new updated FCS. However this never ended up happening and as such the C2 Ariete would remain only a proposal on paper. Another potential upgrade for the C1 Ariete, the C1 Ariete Hitfact Mk2, was likely not even considered by the Italian army but it would still feature a set of advancements that technically speaking would make it still a better machine than the production vehicles, such as the new cannon and optics. Also all Ariete's are equiped with a 7.62mm Beretta Mg 42/59 Machine gun.

'''AMV upgrade'''

The C1 Ariete AMV, standing for "Ammodernamento di Mezza Vita" (English: "Mid Life Update"), is likely to be the final upgrade to the C1 Ariete. This upgrade was conceptualised many years ago but it's only in recent times that progress has been seen with such a program. The AMV program will attempt to extend the life of the C1 Ariete up until 2030/2035, where by then it is presumed that a new design will take over. The AMV program will feature 3 prototypes at first, the AMV PT1, which will feature improvements to the hull, the PT2 which will feature improvements to the hull and turret, and finally the PT3 which will incorporate improvements to both the turret and hull whilst also likely being used to test hard-kill APS.

The improvements in the Ariete AMV PT1 are as follows: increase in power from 1,250 to 1,500 horsepower, sadly this was not obtained with the installation of a new engine, but instead with the application of an upgrade kit on the current engines that the C1 Ariete utilize, which were completely disassembled and rebuilt with the constitution of numerous new elements, most of which derive from the V8 of the B2 Centauro II. One of the other ways it's better protected is thanks to the installation of the Anti-IED/Mine kit. The crankcase is also the same, but the displacement has been increased from 26 to 30 litres by changing cylinders, pistons, and crankshaft, increasing the stroke of the cylinders. In order to better receive and manage the greater power offered by the improved engine, called V12AMV for now, changes would also be made on the automatic gearbox produced under license from the German ZF, this provided the necessary calculations for the changes necessary to receive the greatest torque and its distribution. Among that, the PT1 will feature improvements to the breaking system, the adoption of a new track known as the DST 570 P0 (the current Arietes use the DST 840 E0). The DST 570 P0 is 20% wider than the previous tracks, it allows the tank to have a smaller footprint and makes it much easier to overcome soft terrain. Suspensions and shock absorbers have not been replaced, but only overhauled. Tests of the PT1 have been done at the "Centro Polifunzionale di Sperimentazione Mobile" (CEPOLISPE). The PT1 was also given the production WAR+PSO add-on armour kit, which all AMV prototypes have also received. In the future, once testing of all AMV prototypes has been concluded, they will all be brought to C2 Ariete standard.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=it_ariete_amv_pt1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;[[Ariete (Family)|Related development]]

* [[Ariete]]
* [[Ariete PSO]]
* [[Ariete (P)]]

== External links ==


* http://avioblog.it/sono-iniziati-nel-sito-delle-i-di-montelibretti-rm-i-test-del-primo-prototipo-dellm-b-t-ariete-amv/
* https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/546276-c1-ariete-amv-pt1/

{{Italy medium tanks}}

Bf 109 Z-1

2023-12-28T14:00:41Z

U122232598:

{{About
| about = German twin-engined fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Bf 109 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=bf-109z
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

With the Allied bombing campaign gaining more and more strength, the demand for a counter was at an all-time high. Other aircraft, like the Me 210, were considered for the role but ultimately a very unique aircraft would be produced: the Bf 109 Z-1 "Zwilling" (German for "twin"). Based on the previous idea of merging two Heinkel He-111 bombers, Messerschmitt engineers fused two Bf 109 airframes together to create one aircraft. Although it had two airframes, one of them would house the pilot, and the other was blocked off, making it a single-seat fighter. The first prototype was called the "Bf 109 Z-0" but was shortly bombed after it was finished. That didn't stop the project, and a year later, the Z-1 was produced and almost ready for tests until it was abruptly cancelled. The Z-1 fused two 109 G-6 airframes and featured high-powered cannons. It was also nicknamed "Sledgehammer" due to its impressive cannon armament.

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was introduced as a premium aircraft in [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]]. The Z-1 is an incredibly fast aircraft with a top speed of over 700 km/h (435 mph) and is almost untouchable at high altitudes. Being a twin-engine fighter, dogfighting should not be performed, and players should opt to stick to boom and zoom tactics against enemy fighters. The four 30 mm MK 108 cannons have a high damage output, but they also lack velocity and range. It will be quite hard for players to engage at long range or aim in general due to the abysmal velocity. Players will have to lead a significant amount of rounds to hit on target.

The Bf 109 Z-1 was removed from the store after the [[wt:en/news/5865-special-big-war-thunder-birthday-sale-en|War Thunder's 6th Anniversary sale]]. It was briefly made available during the [[wt:en/news/5976-special-shop-war-thunder-winter-sale-en|2018 Winter sale]] and the [[wt:en/news/7710-special-maiden-flight-of-the-bf-109-en|2022 "Maiden flight of the Bf 109"]] event. It was also available after taking the recent quiz.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Zwilling shares similar characteristics to the American [[F-82E|F-82 ''Twin Mustang'']], which also so happens to be two of the same plane super-sized and put together. However, two of the main differences is the lack of two cockpits and two pilots and a significantly more powerful armament.

While being significantly heavier, it is still a Messerschmitt and boasts an above-average manoeuvrability for a heavy fighter and high speed due to its twin DB 605's. However, it is significantly less manoeuvrable against single-engined props that it will face, so it is not recommended to turn fight unless they are considerably less manoeuvrable than you.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 688 || 669 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 24.1 || 24.9 || 16.7 || 16.7 || rowspan="2" | 500
|-
! Upgraded
| 739 || 712 || 22.5 || 23.0 || 25.3 || 20.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 437 || 408 || 260 || ~10 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 450 || < 390 || < 450 || > 715
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}
[[File:Bf 109 Z armor.png|435x435px|Armour placement|thumb]]

* 8 mm steel - pilot's seat
* 10 mm steel behind and above pilot's head
* 60 mm bulletproof glass in front of pilot
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 behind pilot, 1 in right fuselage, 2 in "middle wing", 1 in each wing)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

[[File:Bf 109 Z shooting down an enemy P-51H-5-NA.png|thumb|Bf 109 Z shooting down an enemy P-51H-5-NA]]
{{main|MK 108 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 30 mm MK 108 cannons; 2x Inline with Nose Props, 2x Exterior Wings (65 rpg = 260 total)

The MK 108 is a very bad anti-fighter weapon particularly in fighter to fighter combat. Bullet drop and slow velocity result in a severe difficulty leading shots at ranges above 300 m (350 yds). In dogfights where both aircraft are constantly turning and changing direction, this trait gets even worse. The high speeds of the late props push the necessary lead for hitting the target high and very far in front of the enemy. Training with this weapon system in a custom battle against random enemies is heavily advised.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC250JA (250 kg)|Flam C 250 incendiary}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 1 x 250 kg SC250JA bomb (250 kg total)
* 1 x Flam C 250 incendiary bomb

The SC250JA bomb is the only regular type of bomb the Bf 109 Z can carry. It is a weaker bomb compared to the 500 lb (242.6 kg) AN-M64A1, but it still has an acceptable 7-metre armoured vehicle destruction radius. Heavy tanks will be a struggle to destroy with this bomb. However, light and medium tanks will be easy targets to destroy, especially since the bomb is mounted centreline with the aircraft which will make aiming simple.

The 109 Z also has access to the Flam C 250 which is an incendiary type bomb. Incendiary bombs are extremely ineffective against any armoured opponent but can be used against open-top vehicles. Against bases, these bombs will do a significant amount of damage due to the incendiary effect but not much tonnage will be awarded. This bomb is also mounted in the center much like the SC250JA.

== Usage in battles ==

The Zwilling sits at a rather uncomfortable spot as a heavy fighter, it's fast in a straight line and it climbs well, however the plane doesn't have much else going for it. You will only win a dogfight to an F-82, you will not stand a chance against single engined fighters and you have to reserve the plane to a very passive playstyle in order to capitalize on the pros of the plane.

However, where the Zwilling really shines is as a bomber interceptor. The large bodies of bombers make it so that the MK 108's drop isn't as problematic, and the off-centre pilot makes it harder for their gunners to land a shot on your pilot. At the start of a match, climb to bomber altitude (4k-6k metres) and start hunting for prey. If all of the bombers have been destroyed, or there weren't any to begin with, you are safe to use it as a Boom-&-Zoomer or an air superiority fighter.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Extremely destructive armament mounting the dreaded ''Minengeschoss''
* Quite speedy
* Powerful DB 605s allow it to reach high speeds
* Decent high altitude performance
* Exceptional interceptor
* Solid dive speed

'''Cons:'''

* MK 108s have an extremely slow travel time and drastic bullet drop
* Increased weight make it harder to manoeuvre with
* Easy prey for more nimble and heavily armed single-engined fighters
* Sluggish handling at lower speeds and altitudes
* Rudder locks up making aiming virtually impossible at high speeds
* Sluggish roll rate means that trying to hit anyone who is actively manoeuvring is a challenge
* Has a tendency to catch fire when hit due to the fuel tank that is positioned where the other pilot should be
* Gun arrangement makes hitting small targets hard, two guns are mounted in both noses and on the outer wings. This means that the 109Z has one of the biggest spreads on any plane in the game (Could be seen as a pro for attacking bombers)

== History ==

With the start of allied bombing campaigns against German strategic targets in 1942, the Luftwaffe was forced to go onto the defensive for the first time in the war. This sudden turn of events sparked an urgent demand for new heavy fighter and interceptor designs that would counter the ever increasing onslaught of allied bombers and their respective escorts. Although the Messerschmitt company was already working on such a new aircraft that would replace the dated Bf 110 - the Me 210 - several problems during development delayed the project's completion. As a result, new versions of the Bf 110 had to be developed to counter the new threat. However, the RLM (German Air Ministry) wasn't content with the creation of even more modifications of the aircraft as they planned to decrease the amount of different variants for all aircraft in service at the time in hopes of addressing logistical problems that strained production. Inspired by the previous He-111 "Zwilling" project, Messerschmitt engineers began work on a similar alternative heavy fighter based on the Bf 109, that could easily be mass produced and offer better performance (in reference speed) than the Bf 110 already in service, whilst at the same time being cheaper to manufacture than newly designed machines.

By taking two standard Bf 109Fs from the assembly line and "welding" them together, Messerschmitt engineers created what would become known as the Bf 109Z-0 - the first prototype of the "zwilling" Bf 109. In 1943 however, a bombing raid of one of the Messerschmitt plants near Augsburg led to the destruction of the prototype, cancelling the planned tests. Despite this setback, the engineers kept working on the concept and less than a year later, in spring 1944, a new Z-1 prototype, based off the Bf 109G-6, was created. The second prototype differed from the first one, apart from being based on a later variant of the 109, in the abandoning of rifle-calibre guns in favor of interchangeable large-calibre autocannons, a common trend for late-war German machines. In the end, the project was ultimately cancelled as resource shortages began afflicting the German industry in the final stages of the war and the concept of a twin Bf 109 fighter was abandoned for good.

''- From [[wt:en/news/5534-development-messerschmitt-bf-109z-the-teutonic-twin-boom-terror-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=bf-109z Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|INb9VjLxKf0|'''Most unusual aircraft''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 0:34 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* [[SM.92]]
* [[F-82E]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5534-development-messerschmitt-bf-109z-the-teutonic-twin-boom-terror-en|[Devblog] Messerschmitt Bf 109Z: The Teutonic Twin-Boom Terror]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/414734-bf109z/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[wikipedia:Messerschmitt_Bf_109_variants|[Wikipedia] Messerschmitt Bf 109 variants]]

{{AirManufacturer BFW}}
{{Germany twin-engine fighters}}
{{Germany premium aircraft}}

M60 AMBT

2023-12-11T09:22:25Z

U122232598: how would it not be able to pen a T-80UM2 or smth

{{About
| about = gift American medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = M60 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=us_m60a3_slep
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
|market=items_M60 AMBT (USA)
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} American medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Starfighters"]] as a reward for World War Mode [[Season 3: Road to the West]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Cast homogeneous armour - The main armour of the turret and hull.
* Rolled homogeneous armour - Engine deck and engine compartment rear, additional armour panels (upper and lower glacis).
* Structural steel - Slat armour, fenders, storage boxes.
* Gun steel - All gun barrels.
* Composite screens - Side skirts.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 108 mm (65°) ''Upper Glacis'' 137 mm (52°) ''Lower Glacis'' 117 mm (55°) ''Lower Glacis (Bottom)'' 114 mm ''Turret Ring Guard'' || 36 - 70 mm ''Sides'' 50.8 mm ''Turret Ring Guard'' || 25 mm ''Engine Compartment Rear'' 40 mm ''Rear'' 28 mm ''Lower Rear'' 50.8 mm ''Turret Ring Guard'' || 36 mm ''Driver's Compartment'' 20 mm ''Engine Deck''
|-
| Turret || 230.9 mm ''Front'' Sides 76.2 mm ''Below and Above Mantlet'' 127 mm ''Gun Mantlet (Inner)'' 50.8 mm ''Gun Mantlet (Outer)'' || 53.8 - 230.9 mm ''Right Side'' 49.8 - 215.9 mm ''Left Side'' || 57 mm ''Turret Bustle Rear'' 25.4 mm ''Lower Rear'' ''and Bustle Underside'' || 48 mm ''Front'' 25.4 mm ''Rear''
|-
| Cupola || 35 mm (Various Angles) ''Front'' 35 mm (Various Angles) ''Mantlet'' || 26 mm || 26 mm || 30 mm
|-
|Additional Armour || 6.35 mm ''Turret Front (Around Mantlet)'' 25 mm ''Upper and Lower Glacis'' || 65 mm Composite Screens ''Side skirts'' 10 mm Slat Armour ''Turret Sides'' 6.35 mm ''Front and Rear Track Guards'' || 10 mm Slat Armour ''Turret Rear'' || 25.4 mm ''Autocannon Platform''
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* The additional armour does not cover the entire face of the surface it is located on
* All Suspension Parts - 20 mm
* Tracks - 30 mm
* Turret Ring - 50.4 mm
* Fenders - 4 mm
* Storage boxes (4 mm) are mounted on top of the fenders

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,860|rbMinHp=1,061}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M256 (120 mm)}}

The M256 is the same cannon that is used on the [[M1A1 Abrams|M1A1]], [[M1A1 HC]], and [[M1A2 Abrams]]. The main item that differentiates this cannon is the round. The M60 AMBT has the "KE-W" APFSDS round which has extremely high penetration for its BR. The round can be reliably shot centre mass and penetrate most opponents it faces, even able to pen the top BR tanks (eg. T-80UM2) in a full uptier. 583 mm at 0° point-blank is an extremely potent round for most engagement ranges you will experience, close to the penetration rate of M829A1 at 598 mm at point-blank range and is higher then a few 11.7 tanks.. The AMBT also has access to the M830 HEAT-FS round which can be useful for destroying lightly armoured vehicles and destroying some map obstacles such as buildings or trees. The M60 AMBT also has good gun handling up its sleeve, essentially being on par with top rank MBTs. The vehicle shares the same reload as most other Patton tanks armed with the 105 mm cannon: 8.7s reload stock, 7.7s reload maxed crew, 6.7s reload with an aced crew.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M256 (120 mm)|120 mm M256]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 40 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 38.1 || 52.7 || 64.0 || 70.8 || 75.3 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 23.8 || 28.0 || 34.0 || 37.6 || 40.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:M256 (120 mm)/Ammunition|M830, KE-W}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''40''' || 26 ''(+14)'' || 11 ''(+29)'' || 1 ''(+39)'' || No
|-
|}
Notes:

* Rack 3 is the first order ammo rack. It totals 10 shells and gets filled first when loading up the tank.
* This rack is also emptied early: the rack depletion order at full capacity is: 3 - 1 - 2.
* If you pack 26 ''(+14)'' shells, the rack depletion order will be 3 - 2.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|LW25 (25 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[LW25 (25 mm)|25 mm LW25]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 300 (300) || rowspan="2" | 251 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+28° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 29 || 40 || 48 || 53 || 56
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 18 || 21 || 26 || 28 || 30
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:LW25 (25 mm)/Ammunition|HEDP}}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|4}}

{{main|FN M3P (12.7 mm)|M240 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[FN M3P (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm FN M3P]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 1,000 (200) || 1,101 || -4°/+60° || -95°/+160°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M240 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M240]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 6,000 (200) || 941 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The M60 AMBT excels as a tank which is able to defend cap zones and destroy foes at far ranges. However, it lacks the protection of other MBTs. The main weaknesses of the M60 AMBT are the armour and pure size of it. All enemy tanks which it engages within combat are able to penetrate it with ease.

The cannon is the same cannon which you find on the [[M1A1_Abrams|M1A1]], [[M1A1 HC]], and [[M1A2 Abrams|M1A2]]. It offers great penetration, able to penetrate the toughest of foes. Its armour is that of an '''''[[M60A3_TTS|M60s]]'''''. It also shares the same platform as the '''''[[M60A3_TTS|M60s]]'''''. It's a tall, high profile tank, which can be seen with ease. However, an advantage of this is it's able to see over objects which most MBTs can't see over, due to their sleek low profile designs.

The M60 AMBT offers thermal sights, which allow it to spot the heat source of the enemy tanks, additionally it has a 25 mm LW25 grenade launcher which can cause major damage to critical parts of the enemy. Using its 25 mm HE grenades to knock out the enemy tank cannons and de-track them preventing them from escaping to safety. To get the best out of this tank, at long range, use the 120 mm cannon to snipe them to do this setup an ambush, watching their cap zones, engage thermal sights and await for the them to come. At close and medium ranges use the map and sneak up on the enemy foes, using the thermal sights to gain your advantage.

===Handling air threats===

To defeat these threats, scan the skies with the thermal sight and you will see the heat source of them. If they are approaching you or have fired a missile - pop smoke and withdraw, await for your SPAA to shoot them down, make sure to tag them on the map!
If the helicopter is close, shoot it with your main 120 mm cannon a single hit will see the tail drop of it. Now if the helicopter is right on top of you or within in machine gun range, use the 25 mm grenade launcher which will be able to bring it down with a few well placed bursts. Aim, for the flight deck and engine compartment. The M3P heavy machine gun also has a very fast fire rate which can deter enemy aircraft.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High penetrating APFSDS round, allowing effective engagement of any target from the front.
* Has much higher mobility than the other M60 series tanks, making it much more pleasant to play.
* Has a 25 mm autocannon on the turret roof, allowing easier engagement of low-flying helicopters.
* Is protected on the sides by composite screens and slat armour which can protect against HEAT projectiles and low-penetration autocannons, though it should not be relied upon.
* No ammunition is located in the turret bustle, which minimizes ammo detonation risk upon a turret hit.
* Has good 2nd generation gunner and commander Thermal optics (800x600)
* Quick gun handling

'''Cons:'''

* Has a stock HEATFS round with the APFSDS round as a Tier III modification; HEATFS can be useful but is generally less effective and versatile than APFSDS.
* Lacks useful armour such as composite or spaced armour: just about any shell that hits it is going to penetrate except for low-penetration autocannons from the front.
* Has a very large and weak mantlet which is able to be penetrated by high-penetration autocannons, such as those on the CV90 series; the turret ring is a target for even weak autocannons.
* Despite the much more powerful engine when compared to earlier M60s, the AMBT still does not have the mobility of the other MBTs at its BR.
* The commander's cupola is very large and the 25 mm gun is mounted high above the turret, and they will often give away your position, especially when trying to go hull down or when cresting a hill or ridge.
* Relatively tall silhouette, enemies have no problem identifying and spotting you.
* Reloads slower than other tanks armed with 120 mm guns

== History ==


In 2011, the Turkish company StandartBio proposed a large-scale modernization program for outdated M60 tanks. The program was called the Affordable Main Battle Tank (AMBT) and was aimed to increase combat effectiveness of M60 tanks to a level roughly equivalent to modern main battle tanks. The main changes of this modernization were a new 1200 hp diesel engine, a modern fire control system with a ballistic computer and independent stabilization of the aiming line through a digital gunner's sight, as well as a new smooth-bore M256 120-mm gun. The tank's protection also increased slightly by installing solid hull side screens and tower slat screens. In addition, the tank received an electric turret drive, new surveillance optics, and a 25-mm automatic cannon in the commander's turret. The AMBT modernization program was designed entirely for foreign operators of the M60 from several countries in Africa and Southeast Asia.

- From ''[[wt:en/news/6779-development-vehicles-of-world-war-il-2-m-82-and-m60-ambt-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=us_m60a3_slep Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="150px">
File:M60A3 SLEP Logo (1).jpg|
File:M60A3 SLEP special camo.jpg|Tricolor summer camouflage of the Turkish Armed Forces, rewarded for collecting 9 World War Stars
File:M60A3 SLEP Logo (2).jpg|
File:M60A3 SLEP Logo (3).jpg|
File:M60A3 SLEP Logo (4).jpg|
File:M60A3 SLEP Logo (5).jpg|
File:M60A3 SLEP Logo (6).jpg|
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|Z09VhocmW04|'''The Shooting Range #206''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:28 discusses the M60 AMBT.|OJf4ng1-Pzo|'''Hard Hitting WWM Reward: M60 AMBT''' - ''Napalmratte''|zoBPU0n65_A|'''The M60 family''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 4:34 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[M60 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6779-development-vehicles-of-world-war-il-2-m-82-and-m60-ambt-en|[Development] Vehicles of World War: IL-2(M-82) and M60 AMBT]]

{{USA medium tanks}}

Sd.Kfz.234/3

2023-12-11T09:05:51Z

U122232598:

{{About
| about = German tank destroyer '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Sd.Kfz.234 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_sdkfz_234_3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_Sd.Kfz.234_3.jpg|ArtImage_Sd.Kfz.234-3.png}}
|market=Sd.Kfz.234/3 (Germany)
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' features the short-barreled [[KwK37 (75 mm)]] gun, which was used on early models of the Pz.IV tank, mounted on the [[Sd.Kfz.234 (Family)|Sd.Kfz.234 chassis]], giving it high mobility and speed. The main role of the Sd.Kfz.234/3 was to provide infantry support with its gun, and to quickly relocate to different positions as needed.

The Sd.Kfz.234/2 was introduced during [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] in the [[wt:en/news/5698-marathon-good-old-s-u-m-m-e-r-en|"Good Old S.U.M.M.E.R"]] event of 2018. It is an armoured car with a short barrel 75 mm gun that requires skillful manoeuvring to be effective. The commander should exploit the vehicle's speed and agility to set up ambushes, flank enemies and retreat when needed, because of its thin armour. The main ammunition type used will be HEAT, which has decent penetration but low accuracy and range. The coaxial MG42 is a fast-firing machine gun that can damage trucks, but it has a limited traverse angle that restricts its use.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, turret, gun shield, gun mantlet)
* Structural steel (tires, suspension, mudguards)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 30 mm (40°) ''Front plate'' 15 mm (70°) ''Front glacis - upper section'' 30 mm (55°) ''Front glacis - lower section'' 30 mm (35°) ''Lower glacis'' || 8 mm (35°) + 4 mm ''Top + Mudguards'' 8 mm (19°) ''Bottom'' || 10 mm (38°) ''Plate connecting with the turret'' 10 mm (21°) ''Engine compartment - upper part'' 10 mm (46°) + 10 mm ''Engine compartment - lower part + add-on spare tire'' || 5 mm
|-
| Turret || 14.5 mm (34°) 14.5 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 14.5 mm || 10 mm (33°) || N/A
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Tires and suspension bars are 10 mm thick.
* Bottom of the hull is 8 mm thick. An additional 13 mm plate separates the crew compartment from the bottom plate.
* Viewports for the crew are 30 mm thick.

When dealing with the {{PAGENAME}}, the best way to deal with this tank is to catch it out of position and/or from behind. Because of its low armour values, it can be easily destroyed with 12.7 mm MG fire or HE shells to the open roof. Most AP and APHE shots will simply over-penetrate the vehicle's front armour and will not do much to the crew compartment unless aimed at specific crew locations. As such, explosive ammunition or machine gun fire are the more preferred methods of elimination.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=298|rbMinHp=186}}

The {{PAGENAME}} accelerates quickly and has a very high cruise speed on hard surfaces (solid ground, roads). While its high speed is an advantage, it can turn into a disadvantage when manoeuvring at high speed: the {{PAGENAME}} starts wobbling if you turn too violently and you end up skidding uncontrollably. Be aware of this before gunning towards the frontline: limit your maximum speed and anticipate the braking phases. Like all WW2 wheeled vehicles, you can not turn on the spot and always need space to change direction. However, thanks to the orientable front and rear axles, your turn radius remains small at small speed. But remember that the faster you drive, the bigger the turn radius will be. Changing directions in a cramped street can be difficult with the {{PAGENAME}}. However, the reverse speed is very important, which mitigates the impossibility to change direction on the spot. As it is equipped with tires, the {{PAGENAME}} struggles on soft terrain (sand, mud, snow). The {{PAGENAME}} is also average at fording: 15 km/h and it loses quickly speed when driving uphill. Obstacles will also make you lose a lot of speed: avoid them as the {{PAGENAME}}'s survival relies on its mobility.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|K51 L/24 (75 mm)}}

The "Stumpwagen" is armed with the K51 L/24 gun, which is equivalent to the [[KwK37 (75 mm)|75 mm KwK37]] gun on the early Panzer IV tanks. The gun features the same four useful ammunition types as the KwK37. The gun has great zoom and a very fast fire rate.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[K51 L/24 (75 mm)|75 mm K51 L/24]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 50 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+16° || rowspan="2" | ±14° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 12.3 || 17.1 || 20.7 || 22.9 || 24.4 || rowspan="2" | 4.29 || rowspan="2" | 3.80 || rowspan="2" | 3.50 || rowspan="2" | 3.30
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.3 || 9.8 || 11.9 || 13.2 || 14.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The available ammunition offers a wide range of shells to engage all types of targets:

* '''K.Gr.rot Pz.''': APCBC; a slow shell with explosive filler mass that will knock out any tank with a single shot but has an average penetration power.
* '''Hl.Gr 38B''': HEAT; a shaped charge with good penetration and without penetration loss over distance. Only penetrates flat vertical surfaces but the post-penetration damage is very effective on open and lightly armoured vehicles.
* '''Hl.Gr 38C''': HEAT; a shaped charge with increased penetration over the previous shell. Very useful against heavily armoured targets.
* '''Sprgr. 34''': HE; useful for destroying open and lightly armoured vehicles.
* '''K.Gr.Rot Nb.''': Smoke; useful to blind enemy vehicles that are too remote for you to disable so that you can progress towards objectives.

{{:K51 L/24 (75 mm)/Ammunition|K.Gr.rot Pz., Hl.Gr 38B, Hl.Gr 38C, Sprgr. 34, K.Gr.Rot Nb.}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''50''' || 45 ''(+5)'' || 39 ''(+11)'' || 35 ''(+15)'' || 31 ''(+19)'' || 27 ''(+23)'' || 23 ''(+27)'' || 13 ''(+37)'' || 1 ''(+49)'' || No
|-
|}
[[File:Ammoracks Sd.Kfz.234-3.png|right|thumb|x200px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
'''Notes''':

* Shells in racks 1 and 2 are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* Shells in racks 3 to 8 are modeled by sets of 2 and disappear after both shells in the set having been shot or loaded.
* Pack 27 ''(+23)'' shells (racks 1 to 5 emptied) to go into battle with the flanks empty of ammo.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|MG42 (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG42 (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm MG42]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,950 (150) || 1,200 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

This armoured car is as much fun to play as the [[Sd.Kfz.234/4]]. The short 75 mm gun and the 234 chassis work amazingly well within its battle rating. The best way to play this Rank I Goliath is to use your speed and to try to get side and rear shots on the enemy but since you have HEAT at your disposal, you are almost guaranteed to obliterate anything frontally at your battle rating and vice versa. The 234/3 has the same weaknesses as the 234/2 which means it can be and will be torn up by 12.7 mm machine gun fire, assume the position has been spotted after firing and move out via reverse. Engaging in a head-on is unadvised but you can come out kicking should you find yourself against any higher tanks as you should be able to reload fast enough, though this is not a go-to option.

The 75 mm gun is the same as early Panzer IV and can destroy any other vehicles at and above its battle rating with one hit, meanwhile, the 234/3 has a great speed of 50-60 km/h forwards and backwards to relocate. Because of this, it is possible (though not necessarily needed) to use the 75 mm and return fire while making haste. Terrain foliage such as bushes are great assets for concealment, shadows as well so use them and stay hidden.

Like its older brother, it is recommended to follow the exact same tactics, those being:

# Get behind great cover, either hard cover or visual cover (so rocks and or bushes are great)
# Use your cover for great visibility (for you to view the enemy)
# The ability to get deadly hits into the enemies

In its battle rating of 2.0, the 234/3 will face anything and everything between 1.0 and 3.0, It can and will be destroyed by anything and everything here. But keep in mind that tanks can use Artillery and Air-Spawns to take you down if they can't directly see you, so get under a roof and/or likewise cover where they can't see you nor hit you.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Adequate ammo supply for prolonged combat
* Can move forward and backwards with equal speed
* Eight-wheel drive gives it good surface traction and handling, much better manoeuvrability
* Shorter gun than [[Sd.Kfz.234/2]], making it harder to identify behind bushes
* HEAT shells are available to use

'''Cons:'''

* Very weak armour, can be penetrated by aircraft weapons and heavy machine guns
* Open-topped, making it very vulnerable to attacks from the air or artillery
* Can be disabled by aircraft simply by ramming it
* Limited gun traverse
* Crew compartment is littered with ammo
* Vehicle will be immobilized if one driver is knocked out despite having two drivers in its layout, due to game mechanic limitations of having only one driver at a time
* Gun has low muzzle velocity, not suitable for long range engagements

== History ==

The blitzkrieg tactics in Poland and France gave the Germans a new appreciation of mobile and lethal reconnaissance vehicles. The Germans especially valued the armoured cars due to their speed, firepower, and their pre-war build-up as they were not restricted by the Versailles Treaty. The Germans started with armoured cars like the Sd.Kfz.231 family, each with different armaments. However, these vehicles had its flaws and in August 1940, Germany sought a replacement following the conclusion of the Battle of France.

The new vehicle was built off an improved Sd.Kfz.232 chassis made in monocoque construction by Büssing-NAG, its armoured body was made by Deutsche Edelstahlwerke, the turret by Daimler-Benz and Schichau, and air-cooled diesel engines by Ringhoffer-Tatra-Werke AG. The monocoque chassis design was built with an eight-wheel steering system, six forward and reverse gears, as well as having an additional driver seat in the rear for quick reversal get-aways. This construction led to '''Sd.Kfz.234''' family. Vehicle construction first started in 1943 as the [[Sd.Kfz.234/2|Sd.Kfz.234/2]], which had a turret originally intended for the VK 1602 Leopard mounting a [[KwK39 (50 mm)|5 cm L/60]] gun, construction continued on this vehicle until mid-1944. The Sd.Kfz.234/2 earned the nickname "Puma" from the soldiers using it.

Production for Sd.Kfz.234/2 shifted towards other armaments in 1944 that replaced the original. This produced variants such as the [[Sd.Kfz.234/1]] which replaced the turret with an open-top one carrying a [[KwK38 (20 mm)|2 cm KwK38]], this was produced between mid-1944 to early 1945. Right besides that, the Sd.Kfz.234/3 was produced with an open-top structure to mount a [[KwK37 (75 mm)|75 mm howitzer]], this was produced from mid-1944 until the end of 1944. At the Sd.Kfz.234/3's production end, it was replaced by the [[Sd.Kfz.234/4]], also known as the "Pakwagen", that had the armament replaced by a [[PaK40/3 L46 (75 mm)|7.5 cm PaK40 L/46]] anti-tank gun. This last variant was produced from the end of 1944 to the capitulation of Germany in World War II. A total of 478 Sd.Kfz.234 armoured cars were produced, 200 of the 234/1, 101 of the 234/2, 88 of the 234/3, and 89 of the 234/4.

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_sdkfz_234_3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|h_Gng-eiEXE|'''The Shooting Range #113''' - ''War Machines'' section at 10:49 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|YtJrPmBOdOI|'''Sd.Kfz.234/3: Rapid HEAT Dispenser''' - ''Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==


;Related development
* [[Sd.Kfz.234 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:Sd.Kfz._234|[Wikipedia] Sd.Kfz. 234]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/nazi_germany/Sd-Kfz-234_Puma.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Sd.Kfz.234 Puma]

{{Germany tank destroyers}}
{{Germany premium ground vehicles}}
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

Sd.Kfz.234/3

2023-12-11T09:05:13Z

U122232598: /* Usage in battles */

{{About
| about = German tank destroyer '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Sd.Kfz.234 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_sdkfz_234_3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_Sd.Kfz.234_3.jpg|ArtImage_Sd.Kfz.234-3.png}}
|market=Sd.Kfz.234/3 (Germany)
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' features the short-barreled [[KwK37 (75 mm)]] gun, which was used on early models of the Pz.IV tank, mounted on the [[Sd.Kfz.234 (Family)|Sd.Kfz.234 chassis]], giving it high mobility and speed. The main role of the Sd.Kfz.234/3 was to provide infantry support with its gun, and to quickly relocate to different positions as needed.

The Sd.Kfz.234/2 was introduced during [[Update 1.79 "Project X"]] in the [[wt:en/news/5698-marathon-good-old-s-u-m-m-e-r-en|"Good Old S.U.M.M.E.R"]] event of 2018. It is an armoured car with a short barrel 75 mm gun that requires skillful manoeuvring to be effective. The commander should exploit the vehicle's speed and agility to set up ambushes, flank enemies and retreat when needed, because of its thin armour. The main ammunition type used will be HEAT, which has decent penetration but low accuracy and range. The coaxial MG42 is a fast-firing machine gun that can damage trucks, but it has a limited traverse angle that restricts its use.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, turret, gun shield, gun mantlet)
* Structural steel (tires, suspension, mudguards)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 30 mm (40°) ''Front plate'' 15 mm (70°) ''Front glacis - upper section'' 30 mm (55°) ''Front glacis - lower section'' 30 mm (35°) ''Lower glacis'' || 8 mm (35°) + 4 mm ''Top + Mudguards'' 8 mm (19°) ''Bottom'' || 10 mm (38°) ''Plate connecting with the turret'' 10 mm (21°) ''Engine compartment - upper part'' 10 mm (46°) + 10 mm ''Engine compartment - lower part + add-on spare tire'' || 5 mm
|-
| Turret || 14.5 mm (34°) 14.5 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 14.5 mm || 10 mm (33°) || N/A
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Tires and suspension bars are 10 mm thick.
* Bottom of the hull is 8 mm thick. An additional 13 mm plate separates the crew compartment from the bottom plate.
* Viewports for the crew are 30 mm thick.

When dealing with the {{PAGENAME}}, the best way to deal with this tank is to catch it out of position and/or from behind. Because of its low armour values, it can be easily destroyed with 12.7 mm MG fire or HE shells to the open roof. Most AP and APHE shots will simply over-penetrate the vehicle's front armour and will not do much to the crew compartment unless aimed at specific crew locations. As such, explosive ammunition or machine gun fire are the more preferred methods of elimination.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=298|rbMinHp=186}}

The {{PAGENAME}} accelerates quickly and has a very high cruise speed on hard surfaces (solid ground, roads). While its high speed is an advantage, it can turn into a disadvantage when manoeuvring at high speed: the {{PAGENAME}} starts wobbling if you turn too violently and you end up skidding uncontrollably. Be aware of this before gunning towards the frontline: limit your maximum speed and anticipate the braking phases. Like all WW2 wheeled vehicles, you can not turn on the spot and always need space to change direction. However, thanks to the orientable front and rear axles, your turn radius remains small at small speed. But remember that the faster you drive, the bigger the turn radius will be. Changing directions in a cramped street can be difficult with the {{PAGENAME}}. However, the reverse speed is very important, which mitigates the impossibility to change direction on the spot. As it is equipped with tires, the {{PAGENAME}} struggles on soft terrain (sand, mud, snow). The {{PAGENAME}} is also average at fording: 15 km/h and it loses quickly speed when driving uphill. Obstacles will also make you lose a lot of speed: avoid them as the {{PAGENAME}}'s survival relies on its mobility.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|K51 L/24 (75 mm)}}

The "Stumpwagen" is armed with the K51 L/24 gun, which is equivalent to the [[KwK37 (75 mm)|75 mm KwK37]] gun on the early Panzer IV tanks. The gun features the same four useful ammunition types as the KwK37. The gun has great zoom and a very fast fire rate.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[K51 L/24 (75 mm)|75 mm K51 L/24]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 50 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+16° || rowspan="2" | ±14° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 12.3 || 17.1 || 20.7 || 22.9 || 24.4 || rowspan="2" | 4.29 || rowspan="2" | 3.80 || rowspan="2" | 3.50 || rowspan="2" | 3.30
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.3 || 9.8 || 11.9 || 13.2 || 14.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The available ammunition offers a wide range of shells to engage all types of targets:

* '''K.Gr.rot Pz.''': APCBC; a slow shell with explosive filler mass that will knock out any tank with a single shot but has an average penetration power.
* '''Hl.Gr 38B''': HEAT; a shaped charge with good penetration and without penetration loss over distance. Only penetrates flat vertical surfaces but the post-penetration damage is very effective on open and lightly armoured vehicles.
* '''Hl.Gr 38C''': HEAT; a shaped charge with increased penetration over the previous shell. Very useful against heavily armoured targets.
* '''Sprgr. 34''': HE; useful for destroying open and lightly armoured vehicles.
* '''K.Gr.Rot Nb.''': Smoke; useful to blind enemy vehicles that are too remote for you to disable so that you can progress towards objectives.

{{:K51 L/24 (75 mm)/Ammunition|K.Gr.rot Pz., Hl.Gr 38B, Hl.Gr 38C, Sprgr. 34, K.Gr.Rot Nb.}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''50''' || 45 ''(+5)'' || 39 ''(+11)'' || 35 ''(+15)'' || 31 ''(+19)'' || 27 ''(+23)'' || 23 ''(+27)'' || 13 ''(+37)'' || 1 ''(+49)'' || No
|-
|}
[[File:Ammoracks Sd.Kfz.234-3.png|right|thumb|x200px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
'''Notes''':

* Shells in racks 1 and 2 are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* Shells in racks 3 to 8 are modeled by sets of 2 and disappear after both shells in the set having been shot or loaded.
* Pack 27 ''(+23)'' shells (racks 1 to 5 emptied) to go into battle with the flanks empty of ammo.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|MG42 (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG42 (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm MG42]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,950 (150) || 1,200 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

This armoured car is as much fun to play as the [[Sd.Kfz.234/4]]. The short 75 mm gun and the 234 chassis work amazingly well within its battle rating. The best way to play this Rank I Goliath is to use your speed and to try to get side and rear shots on the enemy but since you have HEAT at your disposal, you are almost guaranteed to obliterate anything frontally at your battle rating and vice versa. The 234/3 has the same weaknesses as the 234/2 which means it can be and will be torn up by 12.7 mm machine gun fire, assume the position has been spotted after firing and move out via reverse. Engaging in a head-on is unadvised but you can come out kicking should you find yourself against any higher tanks as you should be able to reload fast enough, though this is not a go-to option.

The 75 mm gun is the same as early Panzer IV and can destroy any other vehicles at and above its battle rating with one hit, meanwhile, the 234/3 has a great speed of 50-60 km/h forwards and backwards to relocate. Because of this, it is possible (though not necessarily needed) to use the 75 mm and return fire while making haste. Terrain foliage such as bushes are great assets for concealment, shadows as well so use them and stay hidden.

Like its older brother, it is recommended to follow the exact same tactics, those being:

# Get behind great cover, either hard cover or visual cover (so rocks and or bushes are great)
# Use your cover for great visibility (for you to view the enemy)
# The ability to get deadly hits into the enemies

In its battle rating of 2.0, the 234/3 will face anything and everything between 1.0 and 2.7, It can and will be destroyed by anything and everything here. But keep in mind that tanks can use Artillery and Air-Spawns to take you down if they can't directly see you, so get under a roof and/or likewise cover where they can't see you nor hit you.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Adequate ammo supply for prolonged combat
* Can move forward and backwards with equal speed
* Eight-wheel drive gives it good surface traction and handling, much better manoeuvrability
* Shorter gun than [[Sd.Kfz.234/2]], making it harder to identify behind bushes
* HEAT shells are available to use

'''Cons:'''

* Very weak armour, can be penetrated by aircraft weapons and heavy machine guns
* Open-topped, making it very vulnerable to attacks from the air or artillery
* Can be disabled by aircraft simply by ramming it
* Limited gun traverse
* Crew compartment is littered with ammo
* Vehicle will be immobilized if one driver is knocked out despite having two drivers in its layout, due to game mechanic limitations of having only one driver at a time
* Gun has low muzzle velocity, not suitable for long range engagements

== History ==

The blitzkrieg tactics in Poland and France gave the Germans a new appreciation of mobile and lethal reconnaissance vehicles. The Germans especially valued the armoured cars due to their speed, firepower, and their pre-war build-up as they were not restricted by the Versailles Treaty. The Germans started with armoured cars like the Sd.Kfz.231 family, each with different armaments. However, these vehicles had its flaws and in August 1940, Germany sought a replacement following the conclusion of the Battle of France.

The new vehicle was built off an improved Sd.Kfz.232 chassis made in monocoque construction by Büssing-NAG, its armoured body was made by Deutsche Edelstahlwerke, the turret by Daimler-Benz and Schichau, and air-cooled diesel engines by Ringhoffer-Tatra-Werke AG. The monocoque chassis design was built with an eight-wheel steering system, six forward and reverse gears, as well as having an additional driver seat in the rear for quick reversal get-aways. This construction led to '''Sd.Kfz.234''' family. Vehicle construction first started in 1943 as the [[Sd.Kfz.234/2|Sd.Kfz.234/2]], which had a turret originally intended for the VK 1602 Leopard mounting a [[KwK39 (50 mm)|5 cm L/60]] gun, construction continued on this vehicle until mid-1944. The Sd.Kfz.234/2 earned the nickname "Puma" from the soldiers using it.

Production for Sd.Kfz.234/2 shifted towards other armaments in 1944 that replaced the original. This produced variants such as the [[Sd.Kfz.234/1]] which replaced the turret with an open-top one carrying a [[KwK38 (20 mm)|2 cm KwK38]], this was produced between mid-1944 to early 1945. Right besides that, the Sd.Kfz.234/3 was produced with an open-top structure to mount a [[KwK37 (75 mm)|75 mm howitzer]], this was produced from mid-1944 until the end of 1944. At the Sd.Kfz.234/3's production end, it was replaced by the [[Sd.Kfz.234/4]], also known as the "Pakwagen", that had the armament replaced by a [[PaK40/3 L46 (75 mm)|7.5 cm PaK40 L/46]] anti-tank gun. This last variant was produced from the end of 1944 to the capitulation of Germany in World War II. A total of 478 Sd.Kfz.234 armoured cars were produced, 200 of the 234/1, 101 of the 234/2, 88 of the 234/3, and 89 of the 234/4.

== Media ==


;Skins
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_sdkfz_234_3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|h_Gng-eiEXE|'''The Shooting Range #113''' - ''War Machines'' section at 10:49 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|YtJrPmBOdOI|'''Sd.Kfz.234/3: Rapid HEAT Dispenser''' - ''Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==


;Related development
* [[Sd.Kfz.234 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:Sd.Kfz._234|[Wikipedia] Sd.Kfz. 234]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/nazi_germany/Sd-Kfz-234_Puma.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Sd.Kfz.234 Puma]

{{Germany tank destroyers}}
{{Germany premium ground vehicles}}
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

AuF1

2023-12-03T06:26:23Z

U122232598: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=fr_amx_30_auf_1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''AMX-30 AuF1 Canon Automoteur de 155 GCT''' is the first variant of the AMX-30 AuF1 self-propelled guns family. Although it is an entirely new family, it is closely related to the [[AMX-30 (Family)|AMX-30 main battle tank family]], particularly the [[AMX-30 (1972)|AMX-30B]] and [[AMX-30B2]] variants. The vehicle was built on the AMX-30 main battle tank chassis to offer tactical artillery support to units in the French Army, who designated it the AMX-30 AuF1. The vehicle is mounted with a 155 mm CN 155 AuF1 howitzer and an autoloader, with a maximum range of 30 kilometres and a rate of fire of eight rounds per minute. The vehicle is equipped with 42 rounds of ammunition in combustible cartridge casings. The decision to develop a self-propelled howitzer dates back to 1969, with the first prototype produced in 1972. By 1979, seven prototypes and six pre-series vehicles had been built, followed by the manufacture of 110 vehicles. This order was later raised to a total of 190 units.

Introduced in [[Update "La Royale"]], the AMX-30 AuF1 is a robust and powerful vehicle with extremely effective shells, but it is not without cost. Owing to its low muzzle velocity, this vehicle excels in close and medium-range engagements but struggles with long-range targets. Furthermore, due to its incredibly thin armour, even heavy machine guns can destroy it, thus it is important that players have keen tactical awareness when playing such a vehicle. When utilized appropriately, this vehicle can instantly knock out even the most strongly armoured targets, and its proximity fuse shell has the potential to take out a lightly armoured vehicle even behind the cover.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The AMX-30 AuF1 has very thin armour that offers little protection against anti-tank weapons. It can only resist small arms fire such as 7.62 mm machine guns and shrapnel. The turret armour is only 20 mm thick, which makes it vulnerable to heavy machine gun fire that can easily knock out the gunner and other crew members. The engine in the rear of the hull may sometimes absorb some shots, but it is not a reliable defence.

On the other hand, the AuF1's weak armour may sometimes survive solid shot shells such as AP, APCR and APDS, but be careful - these shells may damage the vertical aiming drive even if they don't knock out the gunner, making the tank unable to fire back. Therefore, avoid getting hit and use the tank's excellent mobility to disengage.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 30+8 mm (68°-76°) ''Upper'' 30 mm (45°) ''Lower'' || 20+4-20 mm ''Top'' 30 mm ''Bottom'' || 30 mm || 10 - 15 mm
|-
| Turret || 20 mm (35°) ''Turret front'' 20-30 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 20 mm || 20 mm || 20 mm (79°-90°)
|-
| Cupola || 20 mm || 20 mm || 20 mm || 20 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

The AuF1 is a fast tank for its battle rating, based on the AMX-30 chassis. It has a great reverse gearbox that helps it escape from danger, and it can use smoke grenades to cover its retreat. However, it is not as fast as light tanks, and it does not accelerate as well as a [[Leopard (Family)|Leopard]] or [[STB-1]]. Therefore, it is not a good idea to rush to capture points at the beginning of the map.

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,022|rbMinHp=637}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|GCT F1 (155 mm)}}

The AMX-30 AuF1 is a self-propelled howitzer that features the 155 mm CN 155 AUF1 gun, which has a high rate of fire and a long range, but lacks some options. The gun can fire three types of rounds in-game, namely:

* OE 155 56 - A standard high-explosive shell
* M107 (PF) - A high-explosive shell with a proximity fuse
* M110 - A smoke shell

The gun is mounted on a fully traversable turret with an autoloader, which enables the AMX-30 AuF1 to fire 8 rounds per minute.

The howitzer performs well, with the second fastest reload time among the cannons of its calibre and a decent muzzle velocity, faster than both the [[Type 75 SPH]] and the [[2S3M]]. However, the main HE shell is slower than both the [[G6|G6 'Rhino']] and [[Bkan 1C]], and also has less explosive filler. It can still destroy any lightly armoured vehicle with a direct hit and severely damage or destroy heavily armoured vehicles with proper aiming. For heavy targets, remember to aim at exposed positions such as the cupola or the turret cheek to destroy the tank, and if at the side, aim at the roadwheels of a the tank to finish it off.

The AuF1 also has access to the M107 (PF) shell, which is a high-explosive shell that detonates automatically when it gets close to a tank or plane, creating an explosion above the roof of the enemy vehicle, similar to a top attack missile. However, it will also detonate on any terrain feature, such as a rock, a hill, or even the ground. This, along with its 3 m trigger radius, makes it ineffective against vehicles hiding behind cover, but effective against planes. The proximity fuse only works past 300 m, so against closer targets, the shell acts like a standard HE shell, but with more explosives and a lower velocity. In these situations, it might be better to use the HE-VT shells to ensure destruction.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[GCT F1 (155 mm)|155 mm GCT F1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Autoloader
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 42 || rowspan="2" | -4°/+66° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | - || 8.8 || 12.2 || 14.8 || 16.4 || 17.4 || rowspan="2" | 7.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 6.0 || 7.0 || 8.5 || 9.4 || 10.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:GCT F1 (155 mm)/Ammunition|M110, OE 155 56, M107 (PF)}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''42''' || 1 ''(+41)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 800 (200) || 575 || -10°/+45° || ±41°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

This vehicle is quite versatile and powerful with its high explosive and fuze shells, however it comes at a cost. The AuF1 is the very definition of a glass cannon: this vehicle is incredible at close and medium range engagements, but has troubles sniping long distances on account for its subpar muzzle velocity. Awareness of the battlefield is required while playing this vehicle, as it has such little armour that heavy machine guns can easily penetrate. Used right, this vehicle can be a significant asset to the battlefield as a well aimed shot can instantly take down even the most armoured of targets, and its proximity fuze shell has a chance of taking out a lightly armoured vehicle even behind cover.

On the chance that its HE shell does not incapacitate the enemy target, the fast reload speed of 7.5 seconds allows you to lob another shell to finish them off, and your speedy reverse allows you to disengage if the enemy tank starts to target you.

It is highly recommended to become familiar with large maps, as at this tank's battle rating they become far more common. Experiment on large maps using some landmarks to help with long distance aiming, and do not forget to make use of your rangefinder. However, remember that the tank possesses a subpar depression of -4 degrees, which reduces your capability to fight in hilly maps and means that you will have to expose a significant portion of your tank before you can engage an enemy.

The AuF1 has an almost unique ability to annihilate lightly armoured tanks that are hiding behind cover completely, which is usually something only an ATGM carrier can do. The HE-VT can explode over the light vehicle thanks to its proximity fuze, if it is more than 3 m above the ground and it does not detonate on a rock or other feature of the map. Additionally, the shell must still fly at least 300 m away from your tank to activate, so it will not work at close range. Additionally, these proximity fuze shells can also be used to take down aircraft in conjunction with your 12.7 mm machine gun, meaning you are not helpless against aerial threats.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Speedy 7.5 s auto-loader, reloads faster than all Soviet that you will encounter such as the T-44-100 and T-54 and most other tanks
* Unlimited ready rack, the total ammo load (42 shells) is part of the first-stage auto-loaded ammo stowage
* Relatively great mobility for an SPH with the same forward and reverse speed, thanks to a reversible gearbox
* Possess modern smoke grenades that explode in the air, allowing to disengage a sticky situation quickly
* Crew is relatively spaced out
* High-explosive shell usually one shots any tank regardless of armour, and HE-VT shell can kill planes relatively easily

'''Cons:'''

* Very large target, you will likely be targeted first
* The whole back end of the turret is an ammo rack
* Horizontal and vertical drives are very often knocked out
* Slow targeting speeds for the turret/gun
* High-explosive shell can be sometimes inconsistent, careful aiming is required at weak spots such as cupola

== History ==

The AMX-30 AuF1 is a French self-propelled gun that was developed in 1969 by Giat Industries (now Nexter) and entered service in the late 1970s. It is based on the [[AMX-30 (Family)|AMX-30]] main battle tank chassis, and was originally designed as a replacement for the ageing Mk F3 155 mm, which lacked features such as a traversable turret and NBC protection for its crew. Additionally, the Mk F3 155 mm could also carry only two of the four crew members needed to operate it, while the other two had to be transported in support vehicles, qualities the French Government deemed unsuitable by the 1960s.

After a 9-year development period, the AMX-30 AuF1 was first delivered to the Saudi Arabian Army in 1978, which used it in the Iran–Iraq War. The French Army received its first units later, in 1980, and deployed them in regiments of 18 guns each. The AMX-30 AuF1 also saw combat with the Iraqi Army, which acquired some variants from France in July 1979.

The AMX-30 AuF1 has been upgraded several times, with improvements such as a new engine, a new transmission, and a new kinetic energy penetrator. The latest version, the AuF2, has a longer 52-calibre gun and a thermal sight.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=fr_amx_30_auf_1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|XeURzre6VU0|'''The Shooting Range #357''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:24 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/8265-development-au-f-1-fire-fire-fire-en|[Devblog] Au F.1: Fire! Fire! Fire!]]
* [http://www.army-guide.com/eng/product574.html Army Guide- AMX 30 AuF1]

{{France tank destroyers}}

Type 63

2023-12-03T06:12:42Z

U122232598: modern izing or sokemthign

{{Specs-Card
|code=cn_type_63_I
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''Type 63 amphibious tank (63式水陆坦克)''', the first variant of the Type 63 amphibious tank family, was China's first generation of amphibious tanks, based on the Soviet [[PT-76 (China)|PT-76]] and developed and built by China North Industries Corporation. In 1950, China purchased some PT-76 amphibious tanks from the Soviet Union. Using the PT-76 as a guide, China began the development of its own amphibious tank. In 1959, factories code-named 201 and 617 developed initial prototypes that replicated the PT-76, and a small number of prototypes were delivered to the Chinese People's Liberation Army for trial in 1960. Improvements were made in response to problems discovered during trial production and testing, and the design was finalized in March 1963. It was given the designation Type 63 amphibious tank and went into full production. The Type 63 amphibious tank first saw service in 1964 and was sent to North Vietnam for deployment throughout the Vietnam War. It also saw limited action in the 1979 Sino-Vietnamese War.

Introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]], the Type 63 is the first domestic Chinese amphibious tank based on the Soviet-produced PT-76 amphibious light tank. The Type 63, which uses the same turret as the [[Type 62]], possesses significantly greater firepower than its Soviet counterpart. Despite its lack of armour, the Type 63 amphibious tank is equipped with HEAT-FS, which can penetrate 300 mm of armour. However, it lacks the two-plane stabilizer featured in later PT-76 variants, making accurate fire while moving difficult.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret front/sides, Gun mantlet)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 11 mm (82°) ''Upper glacis'' 14 mm (42°) ''Lower glacis'' || 13 mm ''Top'' 10 mm ''Bottom'' || 10 mm (1°) ''Top'' 10 mm (62°) ''Bottom'' || 10 mm
|-
| Turret || 11 mm (15-58°) ''Turret front'' 15 mm (10-69°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 11 mm (17-58°) || 11 mm (10-48°) || 10 mm
|-
| Cupola || 10 mm || 10 mm || 10 mm || 10 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 10 mm thick.
* Tracks are 15 mm thick.

The Type 63's armour is no better than the PT-76 and should not be relied upon against any incoming fire. Even heavy machine guns and autocannons pose a serious threat to this vehicle; the turret has only 11 mm of cast steel for example and can be easily penetrated by the M2 Browning commonly mounted on US tanks. SPAAs and aircraft will rip the tank to shreds. In general, avoid being spotted and stay close to cover. Placing bushes on the front and top of the tank to delay recognition by enemies, even for a second or two, can help considerably.

The Type 63 is vulnerable to overpressure damage. Chemical shells (HEAT, HEAT-FS, HE) of at least decent size will trigger it consistently. Kinetic shells tend to be less threatening; generally speaking, APHE rounds will only fuse if fired through the lower glacis, which has exactly enough armour to trigger the common 14 mm fuse sensitivity. The thinly armoured turret will not fuse most APHE rounds and it is possible for a [[Tiger II (P)]]'s fearsome PzGr 39/42 to pass through a turret cheek and only take one to two crew members with it.

The crew of 4 is better than the 3 in the PT-76, but the additional crew member resides in the crowded turret and the benefits to survivability are marginal.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=620|rbMinHp=354}}

The {{PAGENAME}} sees a decent improvement in mobility compared to the previously preceding [[PT-76 (China)|PT-76]], however, it's essentially identical to the [[Object 211]]. This makes this tank very attractive for flanking or early game rushing. The {{PAGENAME}} is also good for hill-climbing and can reach some nifty positions on some maps. The mobility lags slightly behind some contemporary tanks like the [[M41A1|M41 Walker Bulldog]] and wheeled Italian vehicles are much faster on roads. It will still handily outrun medium and heavy tanks. The reverse speed of about 8 km/h is a slight improvement over the [[T-34-85 (S-53)]] but by no means lightning-quick. If using shoot-and-scoot tactics, start backing into cover as soon as possible after firing a shot.

As an amphibious vehicle, the Type 63 will not drown in water and can swim across rivers or lakes at 11.7 km/h. However, the lack of a gun stabilizer makes firing while on water very difficult. Avoid driving on water for more than short crossings if enemies are likely to see you, as it will be nearly impossible to defend yourself.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

The Type 63's stock grind is less painful than the PT-76 since it has a decent gun with usable ammunition from the start. But the tank does not have much going for it over a T-34-85 until the Type 56 HEAT-FS, a Tier IV modification, is researched. Try focusing on the firepower modifications after Parts are unlocked, as the vehicle's stock mobility is not bad. Adjustment of Fire is very important since the Type 63's long reload does not give it much leeway if one's shot misses. Once the HEAT-FS is unlocked, the grind becomes significantly easier since the tank is now capable of harming enemies frontally from any distance, making assists much easier to come by and reducing its reliance on flanking.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Type-62-85-TC (85 mm)}}

The Type-62-85-TC cannon is also used by the Type 62 and early Obj. 211. This means that it has the same sluggish reload as the PT-76 despite having a dedicated loader. The gun handling is poor all-round, with the gun rotation, elevation, and depression speeds all being lower than the PT-76. This can be a pain when using the Type 63 aggressively; it is unfortunate that the gun handling cannot keep up with the good mobility.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type-62-85-TC (85 mm)|85 mm Type-62-85-TC]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 47 || rowspan="2" | -4°/+22° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 9.5 || 13.2 || 16.0 || 17.7 || 18.8 || rowspan="2" | 9.10 || rowspan="2" | 8.05 || rowspan="2" | 7.42 || rowspan="2" | 7.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 5.9 || 7.0 || 8.5 || 9.4 || 10.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
Two APHE shells are available. The stock Type 56 APBC round has rather low penetration for its rank, but this is compensated by its excellent slope modifiers and high explosive mass. It penetrates other light tanks easily and is the best round to use when flanking. The Type 56 APCBC round has about 30 mm of extra penetration with less than half the TNT equivalent; while this is not a bad tradeoff, in practice it does not frontally penetrate many vehicles that the Type 56 APBC round cannot, and when flanking the lower post-penetration damage is a big drawback. Using one or the other is mostly up to personal taste, though it does not hurt to bring some of both.

The Type 56 HVAP shell has high velocity and better flat penetration than the APHE rounds, but as with other shells of its class, the angled performance and post-penetration damage are awful. It is best used as an interim shell before the HEAT-FS is unlocked; in emergency situations it can penetrate the turret face of the [[Tiger II (H)]] at close range.

The Type 56 HEAT-FS shell is the most powerful option available to the Type 63 and is very strong for its rank. 300 mm of flat penetration at any distance with good velocity and angled performance is no joke, capable of nullifying the armour of many heavy tanks. The main rival at the battle rating of 6.3 is the [[ST-A1]]'s 90 mm HEAT-FS with 305 mm of flat penetration. It boasts more TNT equivalent than the HE shell, making it dangerous to lightly armoured targets like the common [[M18 GMC|M18 Hellcat]] that are vulnerable to overpressure. The main drawbacks are the mediocre post-penetration damage and the tendency to bounce against heavily sloped armour, so aim carefully for important crew members, modules, and ammo racks.

The Type 56 HE shell is very weak and should be avoided, because the HEAT-FS is better in all aspects.

{{:Type-62-85-TC (85 mm)/Ammunition|BR-365A, BR-367, BR-367P, Type 1956 HEAT-FS, O-365K}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''47''' || 42 ''(+5)'' || 36 ''(+11)'' || 30 ''(+17)'' || 24 ''(+23)'' || 15 ''(+32)'' || 11 ''(+36)'' || 7 ''(+40)'' || 1 ''(+46)'' || Yes
|-
|}
'''Note''':

* Ammo rack #1 is in the back of the turret basket and will rotate with the turret.

The poor protection of the Type 63 means that taking less ammunition will not improve post-penetration survivability by much. Taking 30 rounds or less will empty the ammo racks in the back of the fighting compartment and turret basket, so solid projectiles entering the front right of the vehicle might pass through and hit only the loader. This is mildly helpful against British tanks and M41s. In the event that 30 rounds is not enough, a rare occurrence, it's fine to take more.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|SGMT (7.62 mm)}}

The Type 63 has a coaxial 7.62 SGMT machine gun. It is useful for spotting targets on the map but little else. The SGMT does enjoy a much larger magazine and better rate of fire than the typical WWII-era DT machine gun, which helps to clear fences and bushes that might prematurely detonate the HEAT-FS round. The lack of a pintle mounted heavy machine gun makes it difficult to ward off aircraft or gun down light vehicles like armoured cars.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[SGMT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm SGMT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 2,000 (250) || 600 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The Type 63 is best used in a way that avoids direct exposure to enemy fire and gives you time to set up shots and ambushes. Running straight into battle or rushing cap points may not end well. Flanking is definitely a recommended method as this gives you the time you desperately need due to slow turret rotation and reload. It also gives you chances to shoot at enemy side armour, which is the only way to penetrate heavier enemies if you use the conventional shells. When flanking, avoid driving in the open if possible and keep an eye out for other light vehicles. Some of them, like armoured cars and Hellcats, can be overpressured by the HEAT-FS round on occasion, while others like the [[M41A1|M41 Walker Bulldog]] used by several nations cannot and are best dispatched with the APHE rounds. Once a good position is reached, stay close to cover and be sure to hide when reloading.

The long reload makes selecting the right ammunition type for the situation very important. Otherwise, switching to the correct round could take up to 11 seconds, enough for an enemy to retreat or return fire. It is better to keep HEAT-FS loaded when entering an engagement if enemy types are unknown; any target that the HEAT-FS cannot overpressure can still be disabled with a careful shot to the gunner/driver/gun breech, and APHE can be used to finish crippled targets off. On the other hand, the first speedy enemies to appear at the start of a match are probably soft enough to destroy with APHE. Try to reload while in cover.

Like many domestic PRC tanks, the Type 63's gun handling is quite awful, so predict where enemies are likely to appear and always be on the lookout for potential ambushes or flankers. If your aim must be shifted rapidly, turn the hull as well as the turret. Though it lacks neutral steering, the hull traverse is quite good. Avoid trying to take down or harass aircraft unless they are bold enough to fly directly at you and escaping to cover is impossible.

Ground targets to watch out for include the infamous [[R3 T20 FA-HS]], whose extreme mobility and rapid-fire autocannon are the bane of the Type 63's bad gun handling and armour, and the [[Ru 251]], which also has incredible speed and can overpressure the Type 63 with its chemical rounds.

Besides flanking, another tactic is to use the HEAT-FS shells for long range sniping. The HEAT-FS does not lose accuracy nor penetration at range, giving you the full 300 mm penetration on each hit. Shooting and relocating is advisable due to the fact that if an enemy manages to be within range of you, they will only need one shot to take you out. Stay hidden or retreat if an enemy is looking in your direction and ready to fire, as the Type 63 does not have the gun handling or armour necessary to peek effectively. Keep an eye on the sky and switch positions after a few kills, as it is very likely that planes and artillery will be on their way to seek revenge. Virtually any aircraft can dispatch the Type 63, even those lacking bombs or rockets.

Remember to constantly mark enemies with scouting. Besides helping your team and gaining assists for yourself, it allows teammates to mop up targets that you have crippled but are unwilling or unable to finish off. The reduction in aircraft spawn cost is also valuable due to the Type 63's fragility. If a good early-game run with the tank is terminated, it should be easy to pull out a suitable CAS aircraft like the [[Tu-2S-44 (China)|Tu-2]] or counter-CAS aircraft like the [[La-9 (China)|La-9]] to exact revenge while leaving points in reserve for later spawns.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Same 85 mm gun as the [[Type 62]], more powerful and much less frustrating to use than the now hidden [[PT-76 (China)|PT-76]]
* HEAT-FS penetrates up to 300 mm of armour, excellent for the battle rating and is a huge improvement over the Obj. 211
* Good gun optics with 3.5-7x zoom
* 4 crew members
* Improved mobility from the formerly preceding PT-76
* Can scout and assist with repairs
* Amphibious

'''Cons:'''

* No stabilizer, firing on the move or on water is difficult
* Very thin armour, vulnerable to overpressure damage
* Poor gun handling
* Slow turret traverse
* Slow reload, especially for a light tank
* No night vision devices
* No sources of smoke
* Larger profile than the PT-76 family

== History ==


The Soviet Union delivered [[PT-76 (China) |PT-76]] tanks to the People's Republic of China in the 1950s. Their lightweight and amphibious capability were appreciated by the PLA, and in 1958 an order was placed for the development of an indigenous vehicle in the same vein. Initially a copy of the PT-76 called the Type 60 was made, but unsatisfactory performance and reliability issues prompted a redesign. The new design was finalized in 1963 and entered service as the Type 63 light tank, not to be confused with the Type 63 armoured personnel carrier that served as a basis for the [[ZSD63]]. While resembling the PT-76, the Type 63 tanks featured notable differences, such as a new engine, a relocated driver's station, and a new turret with an 85 mm gun. Overall dimensions were slightly enlarged for extra flotation. The Type 63 was intended for use in the wet and muddy terrain of southern China and also for seaborne assaults - many were stationed in the southern coast, across the strait from Taiwan.

'''Type 63''' has a V12 12150-L2 engine developing about 400 hp. Additional upgrades were developed over the years. The later Type 63 variant from the 1970s added laser rangefinder and night vision equipment. The 63HG variant from the 1990s had a boat-like hull with a rounded nose and a modified turret with a 105 mm gun. In the late 1990s, the ultimate Type 63A variant entered service. It featured a new welded turret with improved protection, a 105 mm gun, modern fire control systems, and a further redesigned hull.

The Type 63 was exported to several countries, including Myanmar, Albania, and Vietnam. It remains in use with several of them today. The Type 63A, which is a modification of the Type 63 with 105mm gun and improved armour, still serves with the PLA today, however it is being gradually replaced by the larger and more advanced ZTD-05 amphibious assault vehicle.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=cn_type_63_I Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


* [[PT-76B]]
* [[PT-76 (China)]]

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{TankManufacturer Norinco}}
{{China light tanks}}

Type 63

2023-12-03T06:05:15Z

U122232598: making the page apply more to China

{{Specs-Card
|code=cn_type_63_I
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''Type 63 amphibious tank (63式水陆坦克)''', the first variant of the Type 63 amphibious tank family, was China's first generation of amphibious tanks, based on the Soviet [[PT-76 (China)|PT-76]] and developed and built by China North Industries Corporation. In 1950, China purchased some PT-76 amphibious tanks from the Soviet Union. Using the PT-76 as a guide, China began the development of its own amphibious tank. In 1959, factories code-named 201 and 617 developed initial prototypes that replicated the PT-76, and a small number of prototypes were delivered to the Chinese People's Liberation Army for trial in 1960. Improvements were made in response to problems discovered during trial production and testing, and the design was finalized in March 1963. It was given the designation Type 63 amphibious tank and went into full production. The Type 63 amphibious tank first saw service in 1964 and was sent to North Vietnam for deployment throughout the Vietnam War. It also saw limited action in the 1979 Sino-Vietnamese War.

Introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]], the Type 63 is the first domestic Chinese amphibious tank based on the Soviet-produced PT-76 amphibious light tank. The Type 63, which uses the same turret as the [[Type 62]], possesses significantly greater firepower than its Soviet counterpart. Despite its lack of armour, the Type 63 amphibious tank is equipped with HEAT-FS, which can penetrate 300 mm of armour. However, it lacks the two-plane stabilizer featured in later PT-76 variants, making accurate fire while moving difficult.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret front/sides, Gun mantlet)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 11 mm (82°) ''Upper glacis'' 14 mm (42°) ''Lower glacis'' || 13 mm ''Top'' 10 mm ''Bottom'' || 10 mm (1°) ''Top'' 10 mm (62°) ''Bottom'' || 10 mm
|-
| Turret || 11 mm (15-58°) ''Turret front'' 15 mm (10-69°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 11 mm (17-58°) || 11 mm (10-48°) || 10 mm
|-
| Cupola || 10 mm || 10 mm || 10 mm || 10 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 10 mm thick.
* Tracks are 15 mm thick.

The Type 63's armour is no better than the PT-76 and should not be relied upon against any incoming fire. Even heavy machine guns and autocannons pose a serious threat to this vehicle; the turret has only 11 mm of cast steel for example and can be penetrated by the M2 Browning commonly mounted on US tanks. SPAAs and aircraft will rip the tank to shreds. In general, avoid being spotted and stay close to cover. Placing bushes on the front and top of the tank to delay recognition by enemies, even for a second or two, can help considerably.

The Type 63 is vulnerable to overpressure damage. Chemical shells (HEAT, HEAT-FS, HE) of at least decent size will trigger it consistently. Kinetic shells tend to be less threatening; generally speaking, APHE rounds will only fuse if fired through the lower glacis, which has exactly enough armour to trigger the common 14 mm fuse sensitivity. The thinly armoured turret will not fuse most APHE rounds and it is possible for a [[Tiger II (P)]]'s fearsome PzGr 39/42 to pass through a turret cheek and only take one to two crew members with it.

The crew of 4 is better than the 3 in the PT-76, but the additional crew member resides in the crowded turret and the benefits to survivability are marginal.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=620|rbMinHp=354}}

The {{PAGENAME}} sees a decent improvement in mobility compared to the previously preceding [[PT-76 (China)|PT-76]], thus making this tank more attractive for flanking, or early game rushing. The {{PAGENAME}} is also good for hill-climbing and can reach some nifty positions on some maps. The mobility lags slightly behind some contemporary tanks like the [[M41A1|M41 Walker Bulldog]] and wheeled Italian vehicles are much faster on roads. It will still handily outrun medium and heavy tanks. The reverse speed of about 8 km/h is a slight improvement over the [[T-34-85 (S-53)]] but by no means lightning-quick. If using shoot-and-scoot tactics, start backing into cover as soon as possible after firing a shot.

As an amphibious vehicle, the Type 63 will not drown in water and can swim across rivers or lakes at 11.7 km/h. However, the lack of a gun stabilizer makes firing while on water very difficult. Avoid driving on water for more than short crossings if enemies are likely to see you, as it will be nearly impossible to defend yourself.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

The Type 63's stock grind is less painful than the PT-76 since it has a decent gun with usable ammunition from the start. But the tank does not have much going for it over a T-34-85 until the Type 56 HEAT-FS, a Tier IV modification, is researched. Try focusing on the firepower modifications after Parts are unlocked, as the vehicle's stock mobility is not bad. Adjustment of Fire is very important since the Type 63's long reload does not give it much leeway if one's shot misses. Once the HEAT-FS is unlocked, the grind becomes significantly easier since the tank is now capable of harming enemies frontally from any distance, making assists much easier to come by and reducing its reliance on flanking.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Type-62-85-TC (85 mm)}}

The Type-62-85-TC cannon is also used by the Type 62. This means that it has the same sluggish reload as the PT-76 despite having a dedicated loader. The gun handling is poor all-round, with the gun rotation, elevation, and depression speeds all being lower than the PT-76. This can be a pain when using the Type 63 aggressively; it is unfortunate that the gun handling cannot keep up with the good mobility.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Type-62-85-TC (85 mm)|85 mm Type-62-85-TC]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 47 || rowspan="2" | -4°/+22° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 9.5 || 13.2 || 16.0 || 17.7 || 18.8 || rowspan="2" | 9.10 || rowspan="2" | 8.05 || rowspan="2" | 7.42 || rowspan="2" | 7.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 5.9 || 7.0 || 8.5 || 9.4 || 10.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
Two APHE shells are available. The stock Type 56 APBC round has rather low penetration for its rank, but this is compensated by its excellent slope modifiers and high explosive mass. It penetrates other light tanks easily and is the best round to use when flanking. The Type 56 APCBC round has about 30 mm of extra penetration with less than half the TNT equivalent; while this is not a bad tradeoff, in practice it does not frontally penetrate many vehicles that the Type 56 APBC round cannot, and when flanking the lower post-penetration damage is a big drawback. Using one or the other is mostly up to personal taste, though it does not hurt to bring some of both.

The Type 56 HVAP shell has high velocity and better flat penetration than the APHE rounds, but as with other shells of its class, the angled performance and post-penetration damage are awful. It is best used as an interim shell before the HEAT-FS is unlocked; in emergency situations it can penetrate the turret face of the [[Tiger II (H)]] at close range.

The Type 56 HEAT-FS shell is the most powerful option available to the Type 63 and is very strong for its rank. 300 mm of flat penetration at any distance with good velocity and angled performance is no joke, capable of nullifying the armour of many heavy tanks. The main rival at the battle rating of 6.3 is the [[ST-A1]]'s 90 mm HEAT-FS with 305 mm of flat penetration. It boasts more TNT equivalent than the HE shell, making it dangerous to lightly armoured targets like the common [[M18 GMC|M18 Hellcat]] that are vulnerable to overpressure. The main drawbacks are the mediocre post-penetration damage and the tendency to bounce against heavily sloped armour, so aim carefully for important crew members, modules, and ammo racks.

The Type 56 HE shell is very weak and should be avoided, because the HEAT-FS is better in all aspects.

{{:Type-62-85-TC (85 mm)/Ammunition|BR-365A, BR-367, BR-367P, Type 1956 HEAT-FS, O-365K}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''47''' || 42 ''(+5)'' || 36 ''(+11)'' || 30 ''(+17)'' || 24 ''(+23)'' || 15 ''(+32)'' || 11 ''(+36)'' || 7 ''(+40)'' || 1 ''(+46)'' || Yes
|-
|}
'''Note''':

* Ammo rack #1 is in the back of the turret basket and will rotate with the turret.

The poor protection of the Type 63 means that taking less ammunition will not improve post-penetration survivability by much. Taking 30 rounds or less will empty the ammo racks in the back of the fighting compartment and turret basket, so solid projectiles entering the front right of the vehicle might pass through and hit only the loader. This is mildly helpful against British tanks and M41s. In the event that 30 rounds is not enough, a rare occurrence, it's fine to take more.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|SGMT (7.62 mm)}}

The Type 63 has a coaxial 7.62 SGMT machine gun. It is useful for spotting targets on the map but little else. The SGMT does enjoy a much larger magazine and better rate of fire than the typical WWII-era DT machine gun, which helps to clear fences and bushes that might prematurely detonate the HEAT-FS round. The lack of a pintle mounted heavy machine gun makes it difficult to ward off aircraft or gun down light vehicles like armoured cars.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[SGMT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm SGMT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 2,000 (250) || 600 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The Type 63 is best used in a way that avoids direct exposure to enemy fire and gives you time to set up shots and ambushes. Running straight into battle or rushing cap points may not end well. Flanking is definitely a recommended method as this gives you the time you desperately need due to slow turret rotation and reload. It also gives you chances to shoot at enemy side armour, which is the only way to penetrate heavier enemies if you use the conventional shells. When flanking, avoid driving in the open if possible and keep an eye out for other light vehicles. Some of them, like armoured cars and Hellcats, can be overpressured by the HEAT-FS round on occasion, while others like the [[M41A1|M41 Walker Bulldog]] used by several nations cannot and are best dispatched with the APHE rounds. Once a good position is reached, stay close to cover and be sure to hide when reloading.

The long reload makes selecting the right ammunition type for the situation very important. Otherwise, switching to the correct round could take up to 11 seconds, enough for an enemy to retreat or return fire. It is better to keep HEAT-FS loaded when entering an engagement if enemy types are unknown; any target that the HEAT-FS cannot overpressure can still be disabled with a careful shot to the gunner/driver/gun breech, and APHE can be used to finish crippled targets off. On the other hand, the first speedy enemies to appear at the start of a match are probably soft enough to destroy with APHE. Try to reload while in cover.

Like many domestic PRC tanks, the Type 63's gun handling is quite awful, so predict where enemies are likely to appear and always be on the lookout for potential ambushes or flankers. If your aim must be shifted rapidly, turn the hull as well as the turret. Though it lacks neutral steering, the hull traverse is quite good. Avoid trying to take down or harass aircraft unless they are bold enough to fly directly at you and escaping to cover is impossible.

Ground targets to watch out for include the infamous [[R3 T20 FA-HS]], whose extreme mobility and rapid-fire autocannon are the bane of the Type 63's bad gun handling and armour, and the [[Ru 251]], which also has incredible speed and can overpressure the Type 63 with its chemical rounds.

Besides flanking, another tactic is to use the HEAT-FS shells for long range sniping. The HEAT-FS does not lose accuracy nor penetration at range, giving you the full 300 mm penetration on each hit. Shooting and relocating is advisable due to the fact that if an enemy manages to be within range of you, they will only need one shot to take you out. Stay hidden or retreat if an enemy is looking in your direction and ready to fire, as the Type 63 does not have the gun handling or armour necessary to peek effectively. Keep an eye on the sky and switch positions after a few kills, as it is very likely that planes and artillery will be on their way to seek revenge. Virtually any aircraft can dispatch the Type 63, even those lacking bombs or rockets.

Remember to constantly mark enemies with scouting. Besides helping your team and gaining assists for yourself, it allows teammates to mop up targets that you have crippled but are unwilling or unable to finish off. The reduction in aircraft spawn cost is also valuable due to the Type 63's fragility. If a good early-game run with the tank is terminated, it should be easy to pull out a suitable CAS aircraft like the [[Tu-2S-44 (China)|Tu-2]] or counter-CAS aircraft like the [[La-9 (China)|La-9]] to exact revenge while leaving points in reserve for later spawns.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Same 85 mm gun as the [[Type 62]], more powerful and much less frustrating to use than the preceding [[PT-76 (China)|PT-76]]
* HEAT-FS penetrates up to 300 mm of armour, excellent for the battle rating
* Good gun optics 3.5-7x
* 4 crew members
* Improved mobility from the PT-76
* Can scout and assist with repairs
* Amphibious

'''Cons:'''

* No stabilizer, firing on the move or on water is difficult
* Very thin armour, vulnerable to overpressure damage
* Poor gun handling
* Slow turret traverse
* Slow reload, especially for a light tank
* No night vision devices
* No sources of smoke
* Larger profile than the PT-76

== History ==


The Soviet Union delivered [[PT-76 (China) |PT-76]] tanks to the People's Republic of China in the 1950s. Their lightweight and amphibious capability were appreciated by the PLA, and in 1958 an order was placed for the development of an indigenous vehicle in the same vein. Initially a copy of the PT-76 called the Type 60 was made, but unsatisfactory performance and reliability issues prompted a redesign. The new design was finalized in 1963 and entered service as the Type 63 light tank, not to be confused with the Type 63 armoured personnel carrier that served as a basis for the [[ZSD63]]. While resembling the PT-76, the Type 63 tanks featured notable differences, such as a new engine, a relocated driver's station, and a new turret with an 85 mm gun. Overall dimensions were slightly enlarged for extra flotation. The Type 63 was intended for use in the wet and muddy terrain of southern China and also for seaborne assaults - many were stationed in the southern coast, across the strait from Taiwan.

'''Type 63''' has a V12 12150-L2 engine developing about 400 hp. Additional upgrades were developed over the years. The later Type 63 variant from the 1970s added laser rangefinder and night vision equipment. The 63HG variant from the 1990s had a boat-like hull with a rounded nose and a modified turret with a 105 mm gun. In the late 1990s, the ultimate Type 63A variant entered service. It featured a new welded turret with improved protection, a 105 mm gun, modern fire control systems, and a further redesigned hull.

The Type 63 was exported to several countries, including Myanmar, Albania, and Vietnam. It remains in use with several of them today. The Type 63A, which is a modification of the Type 63 with 105mm gun and improved armour, still serves with the PLA today, however it is being gradually replaced by the larger and more advanced ZTD-05 amphibious assault vehicle.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=cn_type_63_I Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


* [[PT-76B]]
* [[PT-76 (China)]]

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{TankManufacturer Norinco}}
{{China light tanks}}

M41A3 (China)

2023-12-03T06:02:21Z

U122232598: when

{{Specs-Card
|code=cn_m41_a3_walker_bulldog
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''', officially designated as M41A3戰車 or by its translated nickname 華克猛犬 (Walker Bulldog), was a light tank used by the ROCA and ROCMC from 1958 to 2022. The design concept of the M41 series was for improvements on close-quarter self-defense firepower while retaining mobility on the battlefield under the T41 program. While the tanks were produced during the Korean War, it was only until the Vietnam War when they were put in service. M41A3 was a modification of the older M41A1, equipped with a fuel-injected AOS 895-5 diesel engine which was received by the ROCA in 1958 as military aid to the heated Taiwan Strait frontline. They mostly served as the fire support vehicles for the outer islands and training vehicles for ROCA armored corps. Due to the aging and obsolete performance of Walker Bulldogs, ROCA upgraded 50 of these tanks with better hull condition to the [[M41D]] standard, while the remaining ones would serve until the 2020s when a fatal vehicle rollover accident accelerated the decommissioning of unconverted M41s, as well as replacing them with the CM32 series. The final vehicle was decommissioned at Armor Training Command, ROCA in Hsinchu on 25th February 2022.

Introduced in [[Update "Sons of Attila"]] as a GE premium light tank, the overall performance of the M41A3 is totally identical to its counterparts in different nations with pleasing mobility and sufficient firepower to take out most WWII tanks from the side. However, in the M41A3's case, it trades its advanced ammunitions (APDS and HEATFS) for a lower battle rating. Players can enjoy the Walker Bulldog now at lower tier, flanking enemies will be a piece of cake with caution.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

As a light tank, expecting the overall protection to be sufficient against enemies is rather unrealistic - the armour itself can stop .50 cal ammunition up front without issue; but once enemy vehicles with autocannons see M41A3, they can tear down the vehicle rather quickly, let alone full-calibre shells which have more than enough, sometimes overkill penetration to go through the armour. For maximum survivability, finding terrain and hiding the hull is a good option as the mantlet can sometimes bounce oncoming shots if they landed on extreme angles, it also make sure only the largest autocannons will have the chance to penetrate you in this case.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Armour!!Front (Slope angle)!!Sides!!Rear!!Roof
|-
|Hull||28.5 mm (49°) ''Front glacis'' 63.5 mm (33-37°) ''Lower glacis'' || 28.5 mm || 28.5 mm (46°) ''Top'' 25.4 mm (1°) ''Middle'' 25.4 mm (20°) ''Bottom'' || 12.7 mm
|-
|Turret|| 44.4 mm (11-13°) ''Turret front'' 50.8 mm (2-43°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 31.75 mm (1°) || 31.75 mm (1°) || 12.7 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

Although M41A3 was stated to be upgraded by a new engine, the only change on the AOS 895-5 engine is fuel injection instead of carburettor on the previous 895-3 engines; thus the overall mobility is totally identical to other M41A series in game and enables the M41A3 to perform flanking operations while still being able to retreat quickly to safety.

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=775|rbMinHp=442}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M32 (76 mm)}}

All production M41As share the same 76 mm M32 cannon onboard. The ballistics of the gun is quite user-friendly and easy to get used to, the internal space and the calibre also make sure the gun can reload faster as enemies with larger guns need more time to reload - by the time they finished the reload (given an injured/knocked-out loader), an aced M41A3 could deliver up to 2 shots.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M32 (76 mm)|76 mm M32]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 65 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | - || 22.8 || 31.6 || 38.4 || 42.5 || 45.2 || rowspan="2" | 7.67 || rowspan="2" | 6.78 || rowspan="2" | 6.25 || rowspan="2" | 5.90
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.3 || 16.8 || 20.4 || 22.6 || 24.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:M32 (76 mm)/Ammunition|M339 shot, M352 shell, M361}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''65''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 2,200 (200) || 575 || -10°/+70° || ±60°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 5,000 (250) || 500 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The M41 series are well known for their great mobility and great variety of shells at their tiers; in the case of the ROCA's M41A3, its battle rating is significantly lower than its US-allied counterparts. This might sound good to players as the gun can finally handle most targets even up front. All things come at a cost though - in this case, APDS and HEATFS are not available, so remembering where armour weakspots of enemy vehicles are is very essential for quick and clean victories, more shots fired means higher risk of being hunted down.

A rule of thumb for any light tank: never, ever be the first tank to appear on the horizon of the enemy. Although the M41A3 is designed to be a scout vehicle for armour divisions, the vehicle is not rated for heated battlefield with different calibres of shells flying everywhere; it does have the protection against .50 calibre HMGs though, which will be welcome news for players of the Object 211 or M18 GMC as these duo are not well-protected all-around. This also brings to an odd phenomena - for most light tanks, due to their rather unprotected hull, there are occasions that penetrated shots with explosive filler do little harm to the vehicle; the more-protected M41A3 is prone to trigger the delayed fuse of these shells and thus very likely lead to complete destruction of vehicle with a single shot. Having 65 shells on tank is a welcomed addition in case players need spare ammo for taking out multiple targets with multiple shots, which also means a nightmare for the 4 crews on M41A3 as they are literally sitting around ammunition (next to driver and below the turret); so taking less than half ammunition (at around 25 shells) should be more than enough to do extensive damage to enemy flanks.

Once players know the limits of M41A3, players will have to plan for a safe approach or a more efficient route to harass enemies; in urban maps that has many street corners, players can utilize them to perform sudden strikes on enemy tanks, better yet, shut down the engine once you are in position. It will usually take within 3 shots to finish off an enemy tank (given all hits do damage to internal compartments or crew) with the APBC shell; in case of having an armour column going to the frontline, it is not a good idea to hit the leading tanks, taking out those who are lagging behind is a better option as the column might not have the reaction time to send vehicles to hunt down M41A3. On an open-field map such as Kursk with very little building as cover, the terrain can be utilised for cover thanks to the sufficient gun depression; this also shrinks the overall profile of M41A3 from afar and could be further hidden with camouflage bushes installed (the barrel itself has camouflage net by default). This will be a good time to seek enemies who have exposed their sides or scouting for fellow enemy light tanks if they also attempt to flank the team, disable or destroy them according to their level of threat. But most of all, being a light tank and a scout, move from time to time after shots fired to minimize the risk of being found right away; if the battlefield allows for a more aggressive approach to enemy flanks, neutralizing any backup units going to the front is the key to secure victory for the team. The M41A3 still has a .50 cal HMG by the commander side hatch with abundance of ammo, use them for armoured cars or last ditch option to gun down strafing aircraft.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High mobility to navigate around the battlefield
** Neutral steering transmission for tighter turns
** Up to 72 km/h forward (at certain terrain) and 19 km/h reverse speed
* Fast reload and gun traverse speed
* .50 cal for gunning down light vehicles or oncoming aircraft
* Commander override for last-ditch retaliation
* Sufficient penetration to take down Panther or IS-1 up-front

'''Cons:'''

* Large profile for a light tank
* The armour is thin and more than enough to trigger delay fuse of shells
* Lacks HEATFS and APDS compared to other M41s; however, much lower battle rating negates this
* Very cramped combat compartment, all crews are literary sitting on/next to ammunition

== History ==

The ROCA received the first batches of the M41 series (A1 to A3) as replacements for the obsolete [[M24 (China)|M24 Chaffee]] and [[M18 GMC (China)|M18 GMC]] in service. Due to the need to replace the older light tank fleet, the ROCA and ROCMC received 792 M41 series in 1981 as the main combat vehicle for the armed forces alongside the [[M48A1 (China)|M48A1]] series in their service. The M41 series would become key equipment during island defense exercises and training of the armored corps, as well as the only viable option to defend the outer islands (Matsu and Kinmen) thanks to their mobility and light weight. The M41A3 with fuel-injected diesel engine also became the target of reverse-engineering efforts to manufacture a domestic light tank for ROCA (as the Type 65) in 1976, but this never went into production.

By the last decade of the 20th century, after the failure to acquire the M8 AGS due to the halt of development and the intensification of the risk to a full-on armed conflict with the PLAGF/PLANMC, the ROCA sought for solutions to upgrade the M41 fleet with upgraded FCS, domestic cannon with the ability to fire APFSDS, and a more economic engine as supplements to the [[M60A3 TTS (China)|M60A3 TTS]] and [[CM11]] fleet, thus producing the [[M41D]] program. Only 50 of the existing M41 series were upgraded to this standard. Although the tank didn't take part in any combat actions, these tanks have been the icon of ROCA armored corps all the way until late 2010s when the MND announced the "Project Leopard" MGS as the replacement by the 2020s. After a fatal accident involving an M41A3 on Kinmen, the ROCA accelerated the decommissioning of the M41A series, and 22nd February 2022 became the very last day of the M41A3 in service, leaving the M41D as the only light tank/fire support platform for the outer islands until the "Project Leopard" MGS replaces them.

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{China light tanks}}
{{China premium ground vehicles}}

Wiesel 1A4

2023-11-25T10:05:11Z

U122232598:

{{About
| about = German SPAA '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Wiesel (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_wiesel_1_mk20
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German SPAA {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Ground Breaking"]].

The Wiesel 1A4, while very weak in both armour and armament, is very small and fast compared to most other vehicles at its BR. Given the ability to spot, use thermals, and help teammates with repairs, the Wiesel handles a lot closer to a light tank than an SPAA as it has very limited gun elevation at 45°. Even with its poor elevation, the Rh202 is capable of taking down aircraft found at its BR such as the [[Su-9]] as well as lightly-armoured vehicles like the [[U-SH 405]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The armour is very thin throughout the vehicle, only able to protect from shrapnel and rifle-calibre machine gun fire. Anything with a calibre of 12.7 mm or larger will penetrate. The external fuel tank provides a minor increase in protection, but is still able to be penetrated by large-calibre machine guns. The interior armour provides minor protection to spalling and small shells, but isn't guaranteed to stop anything above 12.7 mm upon penetration. Two vents can be found on the tank with 5 mm of armour, one on the top above the radiator and the other in the middle of the left side, while not much of a difference, if shot at the right angle rifle-calibre machine gun fire can penetrate. The driver and gunner are sitting in a line if looking directly from the front or at a slight angle, which increases the likelihood of getting both knocked out with a single shot. Moreover, as there are only 2 crew members, losing even 1 man will knock out the vehicle unless on a point with crew replenishment.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (Front, side, rear, roof, turret)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 8 mm (61°) ''Upper glacis'' 8 mm (10°) ''Lower plate'' 8 mm (67°) ''Lower glacis'' || 8 mm (33°) ''Top'' 8 mm ''Bottom'' 8 mm (34°) ''Lower glacis'' || 8 mm (47°) ''Upper plate'' 8 mm (29°) ''Lower plate'' 8 mm (29°-55°) ''Fuel Tank'' || 8 mm (29°) ''Front glacis'' 8 mm (29°) ''Driver compartment'' 6 mm ''Fighting compartment'' 5 mm ''Engine vents''
|-
| Turret || 8 mm (51°) ''Turret front'' 6 mm (6°) Optic 6 mm (3°-7°) Ammo || 8 mm (21-40°) Turret || 8 mm (27°) || 6 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* There is a 5 mm RHA internal plate separating the engine compartment from the crew.
* Tracks, suspension wheels, and torsion bars are 20 mm thick.
* Mudguards and storage boxes are 5 mm thick, mud flaps are 2 mm thick.
* The gun breech is 150 mm thick and the gun mount is 6 mm thick (including ammo boxes).

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=124|rbMinHp=77}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Rh202 (20 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Rh202 (20 mm)|20 mm Rh202]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 400 (100) || rowspan="2" | 800 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+45° || rowspan="2" | ±110° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 52.8 || 73.1 || 88.8 || 98.2 || 104.5 || rowspan="2" | 10.40 || rowspan="2" | 9.20 || rowspan="2" | 8.48 || rowspan="2" | 8.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 35.7 || 42.0 || 51.0 || 56.4 || 60.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}
* '''DM51A1:''' {{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}
* '''DM43:''' {{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HVAP-T|High-velocity armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}
* '''DM63:''' {{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}

{{:Rh202 (20 mm)/Ammunition|HVAP-T, HEFI-T, APDS}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! Ammo type
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''4''' '''400''' || ''Magazines'' ''Rounds'' || 3 ''(+1)'' 300 ''(+100)'' || 2 ''(+2)'' 200 ''(+200)'' || 1 ''(+3)'' 100 ''(+300)'' || 0 ''(+4)'' 0 ''(+400)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* The ammunition is modeled as 4 magazines of 100 rounds.
* Even though racks 3 & 4 both are fed into the gun, the gun still reloads when switching from rack 3 to 4.

== Usage in battles ==

The Wiesel 1A4 is small, light and thus has great acceleration, which can help you to get to positions early and to arrive at capture points before the enemies. Given its very low profile, it can hide behind almost everything and can provide support for the team. The Wiesel 1A4 is very lightly armoured, thus it should not be used to attack enemies head-on but instead act as an intelligence vehicle for the team, scouting and marking enemies on the minimap for your teammates. The Rh202 20 mm is effective against lightly armored vehicles, but it has low post-penetration damage, meaning you may need to aim for specific components to do significant damage. It is very effective if used as a spotter because it has Generation 3 thermals at only 7.3, something essentially no other vehicle at its BR can boast, and with its low profile and high mobility it gets around the map extremely effectively. As for anti-aircraft purposes, its limited elevation of 45 degrees can hinder its performance, but the gun makes quick work of any low flying aircraft that fly within your elevation range. With this much scouting, the Wiesel 1A4 can also work as an effective segway into an aircraft, as you can scout enemies constantly while hiding in unorthodox spots and lead your teammates to the unsuspecting enemies in front of you. It is especially effective in uptiers, as you may feel that your other vehicles may not handle opponents of a higher BR bracket, and thus want to support the team via aircraft or helicopters instead.

Another useful ability is the fact that the Wiesel 1A4 is equipped with a Laser Rangefinder (LRF). This allows the Wiesel to precisely determine the range to a target and automatically elevate its gun barrel, letting your shots connect with very little margin for error. This has two main uses - the first, to hit light targets such as enemy SPAAs ([[ZSU-23-4]]s, [[ZSU-37-2]]s, [[ZSU-57-2]]s and [[M163]]s among many others) or IFVs ([[M3]], [[BMP-1]]s and [[BMP-2]]s) with pinpoint accuracy at range, to reduce the chance of enemy return fire. The second is in a squad, where you may team up with vehicles such as the [[Centurion Mk.5 AVRE]] to gauge the precise distance to a target using your LRF, allowing your squadmate to lob a shell with lethal accuracy with your help. This, however, may require some pre-planning between the two users before the match and will only come into play with careful coordination.

In conclusion, the Wiesel 1A4 has a rather passive playstyle, with very limited anti-tank options. You can rush a capture point early on with your mobility, find a well-protected hiding spot and scout enemy targets for your team before getting into an aircraft after dying, or try and support your teammates more directly by flanking aggressively with the APDS belt to shred enemy IFVs and light tanks, disable the barrels, tracks and engines of heavier armor and shoot down the occasional aircraft or helicopter (the latter of which can be LRFed for better precision). In premade squads it can also be an effective battle coordinator for the squad with its good thermal vision sights, small size, scouting and laser rangefinder.
=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent acceleration and mobility
* Good anti-air capability
* Low profile, can hide in small areas
* High rate of fire on the Rh202 20mm
* Access to 3rd generation thermals, the DM63 APDS belt and a laser rangefinder
* Can scout enemy targets
* Effective firepower against lighter enemy targets
*High utility

'''Cons:'''

* Paper-thin armour
* Lacks consistent anti-tank abilities against contemporary enemies
* Low post-penetration damage
* Non-360° turret
* Gun overheats relatively quickly
* Poor gun elevation compared to other SPAAs

== History ==

=== Development ===
Initially developed in 1979 by Rheinmetall for the Bundeswehr as an airborne light armoured vehicle, the Wiesel was equipped with Rheinmetall's own Mk 20 RH-202 20 mm autocannon and designed to be small enough to fit inside standard NATO transport aircraft and even the CH53G Sea Stallion helicopter. The Wiesel was supposedly capable of being air dropped alongside airborne elements and was meant to act as armoured support for airborne troops though this idea was abandoned due to many failed tests. The Wiesel 1A4 was designed to combat infantry, tanks, armoured vehicles, and even aircraft. The Wiesel program was temporarily shut down in 1978 due to a lack of adequate funding though continued development later after interest was heard from other countries. The Bundeswehr eventually ordered 343 Wiesels in 1985.

=== Combat usage ===
The Wiesel 1A4 first saw service in 1993 as a part of the UN mission to Somalia ([[wikipedia:United_Nations_Operation_in_Somalia_II|UNOSOM II]]) as part of the German peacekeeping force. Soon after, the Wiesel participated in NATO's Implementation Force ([[wikipedia:Implementation_Force|IFOR]]) which took place in Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1995-1996. Continuing after was NATO's Stabilization Force ([[wikipedia:Stabilisation_Force_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina|SFOR]]) also taking place in Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1996-2004. It participated in yet another NATO mission in Kosovo as part of the Kosovo Force ([[wikipedia:Kosovo_Force|KFOR]]) from 1999-Present (2022). The Wiesel then was a part of [[wikipedia:Operation_Essential_Harvest|Operation Essential Harvest]] taking place in the Republic of Macedonia in 2001 to combat insurgencies. Lastly, Wiesel took part in the International Security Assistance Force ([[wikipedia:International_Security_Assistance_Force|ISAF]]) in Afghanistan from 2001-2014.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_wiesel_1_mk20 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|QRb3o5OJsHo|'''Wiesel 1: Firepower for the Fallschirmjäger''' - ''Military History Visualized''}}

== See also ==


; [[Wiesel (Family)]]

* [[Wiesel 1A2]]
* [[Ozelot]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7376-development-wiesel-armored-vehicles-mk20-tow-2-adwc-en|[Devblog] Wiesel armored vehicles: MK20/TOW/2 ADWC]]

{{Germany anti-aircraft vehicles}}

OTOMATIC

2023-11-05T09:33:56Z

U122232598: i added the link yes

{{Specs-Card
|code=it_otomatic
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The development of the OTOMATIC began in the late 1980s when OTO Melara designed the family of OF-40/Palmaria vehicles, including MBT, ARV, and SPAA variants. Initially, OTO Melara proposed the ATAK-35 CA for the SPAA role, which was equipped with the Dutch Cheetah PRTL turret (similar to the [[Gepard]]'s). However, this design did not generate much interest, despite being tested by multiple nations. As a result, OTO Melara came up with a new and radical design for the SPAAG, featuring a modified version of the naval 76 mm cannon developed by OTO Melara as the main armament. This anti-air vehicle was named OTO Main Anti-aircraft Tank for Intercept and Combat, or OTOMATIC for short. The OTOMATIC garnered interest from both the Italian army and air force, as Italy lacked a sophisticated self-propelled air defense system at the time, most examples instead being truck-transported static emplacements. The OTOMATIC also offered advanced features such as an extremely modern FCS with search and tracking radar, as well as a datalink for easy integration into a nation's air defense network. The 76 mm calibre allowed compatibility with rounds used by naval forces, and a special APFSDS round was also developed for potential use against enemy vehicles. Unfortunately, the OTOMATIC proved to be too expensive for Italy, and they ultimately chose the [[SIDAM 25]] as a less sophisticated but more cost-effective option that could be acquired in larger numbers.

Introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]], the OTOMATIC is a highly potent radar-equipped SPAAG, capable of shooting proximity-fused fragmentation rounds that can destroy planes in a single, well-aimed shot. When acting as a pure anti-air vehicle, it is recommended to stay in a capture zone since the OTOMATIC carries a limited amount of ammunition (90 shells for a cannon with a 0.5s reload). Keep in mind that at your battle rating, you will encounter jets and helicopters that outrange you, so it is essential to remain hidden until the enemy aircraft are within range of your cannon. As the OTOMATIC is a large vehicle, it becomes an easy target for vehicles equipped with ATGMs when exposed in the open. The vehicle's armour is lacking, and enemy fire will easily penetrate both the hull and turret. Fortunately, the mobility of the OTOMATIC is excellent for a vehicle of its kind, allowing you to reach strategic positions without lagging behind your team.

It is advisable to focus on shooting down aircraft when you first unlock the OTOMATIC. The stock rounds can damage lightly armoured vehicles, but engaging enemy tanks with them is risky until APFSDS rounds are unlocked. Once unlocked, you can confidently take on enemy vehicles at your battle rating, thanks to the autoloader and powerful ammunition. However, engaging enemies frontally is not recommended as it reduces the chances of damaging key components. Flanking and firing at enemies from their sides is a more effective strategy.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Structural steel (Radar equipment, Mudguards)
* Rubber-fabric screens

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 70 mm (59°), 35 mm (81°) ''Front glacis'' 50 mm (52°) ''Lower glacis'' 25 mm (81°), 50 mm (30-46°) ''Ammo stowage hatch'' || 25-35 mm ''Top'' 30 mm ''Bottom'' || 25 mm (1-40°) || 30 mm (89°) ''Front'' 15 mm (89°) ''Rear'' 5 mm ''Engine grille''
|-
| Turret || 25 mm (25-45°) ''Turret front'' 25 mm (17-83°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 25 mm (0-11°) || 25 mm (1-10°) || 15 mm
|-
|}

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,562|rbMinHp=973}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|OTO Breda Cannone da 76/62 (76 mm)}}

The OTOMATIC is armed with the most famous naval autocannon, the OTO Breda Cannone da 76/62. This specific configuration is the Compact version, meaning the carousel is smaller for size reduction but with an increase in rate of fire. This particular gun, if already used in vessels, has one of the best trade-off in accuracy, stopping power and range. Different from other cannons, the 76 mm is the biggest anti-air calibre yet the smallest calibre for modern vehicles. The version mounted on the OTOMATIC is set to super-rapid fire, speeding the rate of fire from 60 RPM to 120 RPM. This has its own pros and cons. From one side you have a tremendous stopping power which can deal with all threats in seconds, including ground. However, on the other side, you devour ammunition when doing continuous fire, getting from 90 shells to 60 in a matter of seconds.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[OTO Breda Cannone da 76/62 (76 mm)|76 mm OTO Breda Cannone da 76/62]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 90 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+60° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 61.6 || 85.3 || 103.6 || 114.6 || 121.9 || rowspan="2" | 0.50 || rowspan="2" | 0.50 || rowspan="2" | 0.50 || rowspan="2" | 0.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 41.6 || 49.0 || 59.5 || 65.8 || 70.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The OTOMATIC has access to both anti-air and anti-tank ammunition capable of dealing with a high variety of threats, from lightly-armoured IFVs to heavily armoured MBTs.

'''SAPOM''' - The Semi Armour-Piercing High Explosive Incendiary rounds has a multipurpose capabilities with a little bit of everything. It has a nice trade-off between anti-air and anti-tank capabilities due to the explosive mass and armour penetration. However, the SAPOM is not really suggested for anything rather than anti-tank roles as the HE-VT* is more than capable of dealing with enemy threats. It should be noted most of the targets faced can be killed from the sides if shot between the road wheels in the lower half of the chassis (in case for NATO tanks), engine deck (will only cause fire and damage to transmission), Gunner's Primary Sight (in case of M1 Abrams and XM-1s). When it comes to dealing with Russian targets (the most generally armoured MBTs in the game), SAPOM should be fire almost at the ground hitting the lowest part of the chassis. It is recommended to destroy their tracks and barrels in order to let friendly units take them out for this reason. SAPOM is capable of destroying all lightly-armoured targets seen at the battle-rating (IFVs, SPAAs, etc).

'''APFSDS''' - The dart ammunition has a full anti-tank role though it can be used for anti-air roles, however it is not recommended. It has decent penetration and stopping power as a dart and is more than capable with dealing enemy tanks. It is able to destroy enemy targets in one hit if it's a well placed shot. Ammunition should be targeted with the APFSDS as the low amount of ammunition carrying can make it run out of APFSDS before destroying the enemy. Trapshots are suggested (driver's port, cupola, mantlets, etc).

'''HE-MOM''' - The High Explosive Variable Time fuse proximity shell has a full anti-air role with zero anti-tank role. Thanks to the high calibre, the HE is able to carry a proximity fuse with a lethal explosive mass, making it capable of destroying all aerial threats with one or two hits. Trigger discipline is recommended as, due to the fast fire rate, the OTOMATIC can spend the whole ammunition reserve really fast. Thanks to being a big shell, most enemy helicopters and aircraft will not redirect course when being fired at until it's too late compared to the continuous fire smaller calibre SPAA have (25, 30, 35, 40 mm, etc). They do not trigger Missile Alert Warning systems and do not have a visible tracer, making them the ultimate helicopter killer.

{{:OTO Breda Cannone da 76/62 (76 mm)/Ammunition|76/62 SAPOM, 76/62 APFSDS, 76/62 HE-MOM}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''90''' || 64 ''(+26)'' || 55 ''(+35)'' || ''27(+63)'' || 0 ''(+90)'' || No
|-
|}

===Radars===
{{main|SMA VPS-A05|SMA VPS-A06}}
The OTOMATIC is equipped with a [[SMA VPS-A05]] search radar and a [[SMA VPS-A06]] tracking radar; both radars are located on the top of the turret, with the SMA VPS-A05 being mounted on an arm at the rear, and the SMA VPS-A06 being mounted further forwards on the left hand side of the turret roof. The radar system is capable of tracking a target while scanning, but can only track targets within a 180° arc from the front of the turret. Both radar can be folded.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="5" | [[SMA VPS-A05]] - Target Detection Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Detection Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Detection Range|The range, below which, a target cannot be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Max Azimuth Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Max Elevation Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum relative speed|The minimum speed a target must be moving, relative to the radar, in order to be detectable by the radar}}
|-
| 15,000 m || 500 m || 360° || 18° || 10 m/s (36 km/h)
|-
! colspan="5" | [[SMA VPS-A06]] - Target Tracking Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum target speed|The minimum speed a target must be moving, relative to the radar, in order to be tracked by the radar}}
|-
| 10,000 m || 75 m || ±90° || -15°/+87° || 15 m/s (54 km/h)
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The OTOMATIC is one of the more role-diverse SPAA in the game, akin to that of the [[ADATS (M113)|ADATS]] with its anti-air/anti-tank missiles. However, the OTOMATIC can practice these diverse roles without needing to notify the enemy of what role it is prior to an engagement. The {{PAGENAME}} has the mobility, speed, armour and electronics to make it one of the best SPAA or anti-tank vehicle, depending on what the commander or battlefield situation dictate.

The OTOMATIC has a big ammo rack with three types of ammunition for all types of players, for those who want to be deadly to only aircraft and control the skies as quickly as possible, and for those who want to carry out as much destruction as possible regardless if they want to go anti-air or anti-tank. The only drawback is that the OTOMATIC can only carry 12 APFSDS rounds. The recommended round load is 50 HE-VT*, 20 SAPOM, and 12 APFSDS for both anti-air and anti-tank capabilities. Each of these rounds are well-suited for the targets they are specialized to fight against.

=== HE-VT* ===
This round makes nailing aircraft such an easy task, though it has its pros and cons compared to missiles that other high-ranking SPAA are using. As a con, a HE-VT* shell carries less explosive power, cannot be guided, and has a slower muzzle velocity compared to missiles. However, the HE-VT* as a shell will not trigger the aircraft's Missile Approach Warning system (MAW) and so the enemy may be caught unaware of an incoming 76 mm HE-VT* shell if they do not see it coming. This shell does not have a visible tracer. The only visual cue they would have is the muzzle flash when firing the cannon, compared to a missile smoke streak that may be traced to the firing SPAA vehicle. The larger number of HE-VT* shells carried also means the {{PAGENAME}} can quickly follow-up a shot if the first shot missed, without too much worry on ammunition waste.

This round helps make the {{PAGENAME}} one of the more reliable SPAA at the top-rank battlefield. A missile would cause hovering aircraft like helicopters to simply find cover as soon as the MAW is activated. Top-rank SPAA that uses missile also have a reliance to their radar lock, as it must maintain that lock for the missile to track and hit the target. The {{PAGENAME}} also has access to thermal sights and a laser rangefinder to help locate aircraft in the air and find their range without use of the radar. With this, the {{PAGENAME}} can track a helicopter and find their distance without the enemy helicopter being aware that they are within the {{PAGENAME}}'s sights and firing range.

=== SAPOM ===
This round provides some flexibility in the usage of the {{PAGENAME}}. It is a Semi Armour-Piercing High-Explosive Incendiary (SAPHEI) round that does not have the penetration values of a likewise APCBC round, while also not having as much high-explosives as a dedicated HE shell. However, this round in the 76 mm calibre does still present some general-purpose uses. While there is enough high-explosives in the shell to use against an aircraft, the presence of the HE-VT* shell makes this role redundant by a more capable shell. The shell can fight enemy armoured fighting vehicles, but a maximum penetration of 60 mm at point-blank range means this round will struggle against any main battle tanks fought at the {{PAGENAME}}'s battle-rating. Nevertheless, as the only armour-piercing round available to the {{PAGENAME}} before it unlocks the APFSDS, it must be used with caution, patience, and practice for maximum efficiency.

Arguably one of the best use of the SAPOM round is as a reserve so that the valuable 12 APFSDS that can be carried in the {{PAGENAME}} is not wasted; or in the worst case all HE-VT* is spent. As such, its use should be reserved to fighting lightly-armoured vehicles, when out of APFSDS against ground units, or out of HE-VT* against air targets.

====Fighting Specific Tanks with SAPOM====
'''NATO allegiance MBTs (Leopard, Abrams, Leclerc, etc.)''':

*When facing from the front:
**Aim at the main gun to disable the tank's firepower. After that is disabled, aim for the tracks to immobilize the vehicle. Then allow a more capable ally destroy the enemy tank.

*When facing from the side/rear:
**Aim at medium lower section of a tank's hull sides, in between the road wheels where the armour is generally weaker.
**If the {{PAGENAME}} is positioned to be somewhere towards the vehicle's rear, aim instead at the turret bustle ammunition rack. No tank has enough armour to withstand multiple hits to the ammo rack. Aiming at engine deck is worthless if gun is not disabled.

'''CSTO allegiance MBTs (T-80, T-90, ZTZ-99, etc.)'''

*When facing from the front:
**Aim at the main gun to disable the tank's firepower. After that is disabled, aim for the tracks to immobilize the vehicle. Then allow a more capable ally destroy the enemy tank.

*When facing from the side/rear:
** Unfortunately, CSTO MBTs are often more well-armoured at the sides than NATO tanks, enough so to resist SAPOM rounds more easily with slight angling. As such, an attack with SAPOM rounds should not be attempted even from the sides.
** If able to hit the vehicle's rear, the only place of worth the {{PAGENAME}} may penetrate is the engine deck. Shoot there to disable the enemy's mobility, but make sure to disable the enemy's gun as it reacts otherwise it may destroy the {{PAGENAME}}.

'''Generally speaking, try and avoid combat with CSTO MBTs if the {{PAGENAME}} only has SAPOM rounds available, unless it is mission-critical that the enemy tank must be immobilized or disabled.'''

=== APFSDS ===
This is probably the most used round by the OTOMATIC when it is being used for anti-tank purposes. This is the same round the Rooikat uses, meaning it is a reliable round with good capabilities, but does require trigger discipline, situational awareness and knowledge of the enemy tank's "anatomy" to make every single round count as there are only 12 round carried. While the APFSDS round has nowhere enough penetration power to deal with enemy MBT, it does have enough to penetrate weakpoints and from favourable angles of attack.

'''NATO allegiance MBTs (Leopard, Abrams, Leclerc, etc.)''':

*When facing from the front:
**As explained above, utilize the terrain to the {{PAGENAME}}'s advantage against the enemy. However, a frontal encounter is highly discouraged

*When facing from the side/rear:
**Aim at the hull ammo racks
***Leopard/Leclerc/Type 90: Next to driver
***Abrams: Almost at engine deck, a small wall ammo rack
**If able to hit the enemy from an angle closer to their rear, aim exclusively at turret bustle ammo rack. APFSDS will over-penetrate and make the blast shields useless.

'''CSTO allegiance MBTs (T-80, T-90, ZTZ-99, etc.)'''

*When facing from the front:
**As explained above, utilize the terrain to the {{PAGENAME}}'s advantage against the enemy. However, a frontal encounter is highly discouraged

*When facing from the side/rear:
**Aim at the hull ammo racks
***T-64s/T-80s: any hit to the side. Ammo rack is in an "L" shape, making ammo rack hits easy
***T-72s/T-90: aim in a manner like if the target was a T-80, but closer to the ground due to ammo rack closer to the ground as it is in a "=" shape
**If able to hit the enemy from an angle closer to their rear, aim exclusively at anywhere is possible to hit. Preferably the turret rear to disable critical modules or even hit an ammunition rack if there is any.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Radar guidance system
* Equipped by default with HE-VT* fuse shells capable of annihilating aircraft within 1-3 indirect hits. Direct hits usually destroy the aircraft in one blow
* Excellent scoped zoom for an SPAA (8.0x to 16.1x)
* Immense fire rate for the gun calibre; 120 RPM for a 76 mm gun
* Two axis stabiliser
* APFSDS can penetrate up to 311 mm, enough to destroy any top-rank MBT with a well-placed shot
* Equipped with SAPHEI shells, capable of dealing with many light tanks and the XM-1
* Capable of taking out long-range helicopters with ammunition which does not explode until approximately 4.6 km away, allowing for shots well past the radar tracking range
* The OF-40 chassis provides reasonable protection and mobility (especially compared to the M163 and ZSU-23-4)
* Fantastic turret rotation and elevation speed
* Generation 1 thermals for the gunner - makes spotting enemy aircraft, helicopters and tanks a much easier task
* Fear factor - Enemy pilots who know there is an OTOMATIC around will fall back in a far more cautious playstyle and are less likely to attack friendly ground vehicles in the open
* Large cannon breech - can soak up shrapnel, thereby protecting the turret crew
* HE-VT* and SAPHEI rounds do not have a visible tracer, making them impossible to spot in flight

'''Cons:'''

* Turret has immensely thin armour, can be penetrated by other SPAA as well as secondary cannons from the MBT-70 or AMX-40
* Several turret-mounted ammo racks that are almost impossible ''not'' to hit
* APFSDS rounds are a tier IV modification
* APFSDS capacity limited to 12 rounds
* APFSDS has limited accuracy at range
* Massive profile, straightforward to spot and shoot
* This vehicle's reputation precedes it, enemies will prioritise its destruction
* SAPHEI penetration is abysmal, and 62 mm consistently fails to penetrate the sides of Abrams or T-64s/T-72s/T-80s
* First-stage ammo stowage capacity of 29 rounds. The gun's high rate of fire will empty this quickly
* There must be at least one shell in the first-stage stowage to fire the gun
* Each round must be loaded into the first-stage stowage individually. This massively increases reload times if the stowage is empty
* The gun can only elevate 60 degrees. This is below average for an SPAA vehicle of this tier.
* Rate of fire decreases when your loader is knocked out
* A hit to the turret, even if it doesn't kill the crew, will always result in a destroyed breech due to the sheer amount of space the breech takes up in the turret
* The lack of visible tracers on the HE-VT* and SAPHEI rounds can make correcting your aim difficult against distant targets

== History ==

Development of the OTOMATIC SPAAG began during the mid 1980s as a private venture of the OTO Melara company. The basic concept behind the OTOMATIC was to take the successful 76 mm Super Rapido utility cannon used on naval vessels and fit it to a suitable mobile platform in order to create a long-range SPAA vehicle that would outmatch similar designs such as the German Gepard or British Marksman system. Although a challenging feat, Italian engineers eventually succeeded in this endeavour, creating a vehicle that wasn't only up to the latest technological standards but also perfectly suited, and even exceeded, various NATO requirements of the time. The first prototype of the OTOMATIC was ready for testing in the late 1980s. Intended to be compatible with a large number of NATO vehicles of the time, the OTOMATIC, similarly to the British Marksman system, was tested on several hulls and it was planned to be capable of fitting any NATO tank, including the Leopard 2 and M1 Abrams. However, as the Cold War ended and general interest for SPAAG vehicles began declining in favour of more modern missile systems, the OTOMATIC project never received any interest from potential users. For the Italian army, the project was initially accepted, but later abandoned due to budget cuts.

''- From [[wt:en/news/5943-development-otomatic-spaag-belated-perfection-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=it_otomatic Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

'''Images'''
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:OTOMATIC WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:OTOMATIC WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:OTOMATIC WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:OTOMATIC WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:OTOMATIC WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:OTOMATIC WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|zn2-YsUBRBw|'''Should You Grind The OTOMATIC?''' - ''Sako Sniper''|J9nUjFDdk-E|'''The Shooting Range #131''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:32 discusses the OTOMATIC.|IntAZ778ewQ|'''OTOMATIC - Top Tier Balance - The Gaijin Way''' - ''Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[OF-40 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5943-development-otomatic-spaag-belated-perfection-en|[Devblog] OTOMATIC SPAAG: Belated Perfection]]
* [[wikipedia:Otomatic|[Wikipedia] Otomatic]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/otomatic/ <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> OTOMATIC]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/435771-otomatic-spaag-belated-perfection/ [Forum<nowiki>]</nowiki> Official Forum Thread for the {{PAGENAME}}.]

{{TankManufacturer OTO Melara}}
{{Italy anti-aircraft vehicles}}

T-55M (Sweden)

2023-11-02T22:01:43Z

U122232598:

{{About
| about = Swedish medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = T-54/55 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=sw_t_55m
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Apex Predators"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The T-55M is essentially a modified Soviet T-55A, as such the armour and interior layout are identical to T-55A.

The T-55M has moderate frontal protection, with 100 mm plates for upper front plate (UFP) and lower front plate (LFP) placed at angles 59° and 56° respectively; effective thickness frontally comes up to ~180 mm and ~200 mm, respectively. At a perfect angle, the T-55M can bring its frontal effective thickness to ~200 mm and ~220 mm for the UFP and LFP, while having ~250 mm of protection at the angled sides. The additional 20 mm of protection will rarely provide any advantage at this BR as high-calibre APDS and APFSDS will have no difficulty penetrating your front plate.

As for the turret, the T-55M has slightly less protection than the T-62 and combined with a generally larger turret, it is easier for opponents to hit and penetrate the turret. The thinnest spots are right next to the cannon breech, at 200 mm, which rather slowly becomes over 300 mm when moving further away from the breech.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=899|rbMinHp=513}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|D-10T2S (100 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[D-10T2S (100 mm)|100 mm D-10T2S]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 43 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+18° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 14.3 || 19.8 || 24.0 || 26.5 || 28.2 || rowspan="2" | 9.75 || rowspan="2" | 8.63 || rowspan="2" | 7.95 || rowspan="2" | 7.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.9 || 10.5 || 12.8 || 14.1 || 15.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:D-10T2S (100 mm)/Ammunition|3BM-8, 3D3, BR-412D, M1000A1, 3BK17M, OF-412}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''43''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|NSVT (12.7 mm)|SGMT (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[NSVT (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm NSVT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 360 (60) || 700 || -10°/+60° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[SGMT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm SGMT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,500 (250) || 600 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The T-55M has the exact same playstyle as the Soviet T-55A. The T-55A usage in battle is very similar to the T-54 tanks prior to it. Aside from some minor design differences, the general armour layout of the T-55A (and by extension, the T-55M) is similar to that of the [[T-54 (1951)]]. The mobility is slightly better due to a more powerful engine, enabling a higher hp-to-ton ratio despite the small weight increase. The firepower of the T-55M compared to its predecessor is what makes it stand out, with access to the M1000A1 APFSDS ammunition that can penetrate over 340 mm at point-blank range (compared to the T-54 (1951)'s point-blank penetration of 299 mm with the 3BM-8 APDS and 380 mm with the 3BK-5 HEATFS shell). The high-velocity and penetrating APFSDS shell allow the T-55M to more easily reach out and destroy long-range enemies. The option to use the BR-412D APCBC shell is also available to use in order to cause devastating post-penetration damages, especially against the [[Leopard 1 (Family)|Leopard 1]] tanks that the APCBC shell can penetrate frontally. However, the presence of other tanks with enough armour to protect against the APCBC shell mean it is only situationally useful. Other helpful differences the T-55M has over the T-54 (1951) is a faster turret traverse rate and stabilizer, the latter of which is very useful when reacting to enemy targets on the move.

The T-55M is suited for a variety of roles and actions when assaulting or defending a point. In these roles, the firepower and mobility is sufficient, but the armour may not stand up against the enemy due to the prevalence of HEATFS and APFSDS ammo at this battle rating. As such, all these tactics should emphasize avoiding being seen and destroyed by the enemy.

A weak spot of the T-55M's is a shot through the upper front plate, as while more protected then other T-55s, is still weak. A good shot here can knock out three of the four crew members easily.
=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Large selection of ammunition
* APFSDS can pen pretty much every tank at its BR
* Stabilizer
* Decent speed & acceleration, even when not fully modified.

'''Cons:'''

* Reverse speed is awful
* Gun depression isn't great, it can have a hard time of depressing the gun on slopes

== History ==

Between 1960 and 1970, Finland purchased 74 T-55As from the Soviet Union to bolster the numbers of their tank core and complement the T-54s. At the turn of 1980-1990, all T-55As were modernized to the new standard, adding the M suffix to their designation. In early 2000s, most of the T-55Ms were retired with last 9 T-55Ms being used for mine clearance. By the end of 2022, all T-55Ms were officially retired from the service.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=sw_t_55m Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;[[T-54/55 (Family)|Related development]]

* [[T-55A]]
* [[T-55AM-1]]
* [[T-55AMD-1]]

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Sweden medium tanks}}

AIM-9B Sidewinder

2023-02-18T22:35:01Z

U122232598: minor grammatical correction or something

{{About
| about = American air-to-air missile '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = AIM-9 Sidewinder (Family)
}}
[[File:Missile AIM-9B Fired.jpg|thumbnail|right|x250px|An AIM-9B being fired]]

== Description ==

[[File:WeaponImage AIM-9B Sidewinder.png|thumb|left|420px|The AIM-9B Sidewinder missile (scale is approximate)]]
{{Break}}
The '''{{PAGENAME}}''' is an American [[Air-to-air_missiles#Infrared_homing_.28heat-seeking.29_missiles|infrared homing air-to-air missile]] which was introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]]. The AIM-9B is the earliest and least capable member of the Sidewinder family of missiles found in the game. It was the basis for the later Sidewinder missiles, as well as many other missiles found in the game. The [[Rb24]] is an AIM-9B built under license in Sweden, while the [[R-3S]], [[R-13M]] and [[PL-2]] are all decedents of the Vympel R-3 missile, which was a Soviet reverse-engineered version of the AIM-9B. The AIM-9B also served as the basis for the design of the Israeli [[Shafrir]] missile, although there are notable differences between the two.

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===


{{Navigation-Start|Vehicles equipped with this weapon}}

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Jet fighters'''}}
{{Navigation-Line|USA}}{{Specs-Link|f3h-2}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f4d_1}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f-4c}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f8u-2}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f-8e}}
{{Navigation-Line| }}{{Specs-Link|f9f-8}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f11f_1_late}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f-100d}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f-104a}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f-104c}}

{{Navigation-Line|Germany}}{{Specs-Link|f-86_cl_13b_mk6}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f-86k_late_german}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f-104g}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|fiat_g91_r4_german}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|sea_hawk_mk100}}

{{Navigation-Line|Britain}}{{Specs-Link|scimitar_f1}}

{{Navigation-Line|Japan}}{{Specs-Link|f-86f-40_japan}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f-86f-40_japan_blue_impulse}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f-104j}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|t2_early}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|t2}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f1}}

{{Navigation-Line|China}}{{Specs-Link|f-86f-40_china}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f-100a_china}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f-104a_china}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f-104g_china}}

{{Navigation-Line|Italy}}{{Specs-Link|f-86k_late_italy}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f-104g_italy}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f-104s}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|fiat_g91_r4}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|fiat_g91_ys}}

{{Navigation-Line|France}}{{Specs-Link|md_460}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f-86k_late}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f-100d_france}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f-8e_fn}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|mirage_milan}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|mirage_3c}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|mirage_3e}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|mirage_5f}}

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Strike aircraft'''}}{{Specs-Link|a_4b}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|a_4e_early}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|a_4e_early_iaf}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|a_4e_late_iaf}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|buccaneer_s2}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|etndard_4m}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|fj_4b}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|fj_4b_agm_12b}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|f-105d}}

{{Navigation-End}}

== General info ==

Like other early air-to-air missiles, the AIM-9B is limited in is destructive capabilities. Although it contains enough explosive filler to eliminate or cripple an enemy given a direct hit, those direct hits may be hard to come by. For one, this missile only has a 10G overload. Therefore, it is quite easy for an enemy to dodge it. All the enemy needs to do is to turn slightly, and the missile will likely miss. For greatest lethality, use this missile on slow targets that cannot manoeuvre well (though it should be noted that in this case, guns may be just as effective).

Still, as one of the first air-to-air missiles in the game, the missile is quite effective for dealing with enemies in the right circumstances. Careful positioning and trigger discipline are required. In lower-tier jet combat, the AIM-9B is the gold standard for long to medium range air-to-air combat.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="2" | Missile characteristics
|-
| '''Mass''' || 72 kg
|-
| '''Guidance''' || IR
|-
| '''Aspect''' || Rear-aspect
|-
| '''Lock range (rear-aspect)''' || 4 km
|-
| '''Launch range''' || 10 km
|-
| '''Maximum speed''' || 1.7 M
|-
| '''Maximum overload''' || 10 G
|-
| '''Missile guidance time''' || 20 secs
|-
| '''Explosive mass (TNT eq.)''' || 7.62 kg
|-
|}

=== Effective damage ===

With a 4.76 kg HBX explosive (7.62 kg TNT equivalent) warhead, the AIM-9B Sidewinder can ensure the destruction of the hit aircraft's tail section. Even a near-miss with the proximity fuse detonating can cause significant damage to the rear control surfaces so that a critical hit will cause the plane to lose air controllability, leading to a credit when the plane eventually smashes into the ground.

=== Comparison with analogues ===


* [[AIM-9B FGW.2 Sidewinder]] - A European-licensed version of the AIM-9B with their own improvements; however the performance in-game are quite similar.
* [[R-3S]]/[[PL-2]] - Infamous as a reverse-engineered variant of the AIM-9B, the R-3 missile shares many of its in-game performances with the AIM-9B, only falling slightly short in locking and launching range.
* [[Shafrir]] - Shares in-game performance values despite their design differences
* [[Rb24]] - Licensed-produced version of the AIM-9B for the Swedish, and as such shares in-game performance values.

== Usage in battles ==

This missile is best utilised when trailing an enemy. This will allow the pilot enough time to close the distance and acquire a target lock before firing the missile. The AIM-9B is especially effective against jet bombers, such as the [[Vautour IIA IDF/AF (France)]], which generally have poor manoeuvrability.

The missile can hit targets at up to 2.7 km of range if they are moving in a straight line and make no effort to dodge. You can use this to your advantage by launching at aircraft high above you, who believe themselves to be safe due to their altitude, and may thus neglect to check their rear.

Firing the missile at aircraft moving in a straight line less than 900 m away usually guarantees a kill, as by the time the target can react to the missile, it is already upon them.

When firing this missile, watch out for nearby friendly aircraft, and for the sun. The missile may lock onto either of these, causing at the best a miss, and at worst an unintended teamkill.

The AIM-9B may be used to force the enemy to manoeuvre and bleed their speed, making it easier for the pilot to acquire a traditional firing solution and destroy the enemy with cannon fire.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent effective range; can travel fairly far in a straight line to intercept
* Effective against aircraft with low manoeuvrability, aircraft compressing at high speed, and low energy targets

'''Cons:'''

* Narrow firing circle compared to later missiles with uncaged seekers
* Poorest range out of all AIM-9 variants
* Often loses track when the target manoeuvres in more than one dimension or turns sharply.

== History ==

===Development===
The missile's history starts at the Naval Ordnance Test Station (NOTS) at China Lake in 1947.<ref name="Goebel2019">Goebel 2019</ref> Under William B. McLean, the missile conception sprang from mating lead-sulfide proximity fuzes that were sensitive to infrared radiation with a guidance system to home onto the infrared source.<ref name="HollwayFOX2">Hollway "The AIM-9 Sidewinder: Fox Two!"</ref> Initially his own private project, McLean eventually received approval by Admiral William S. Parsons for development.<ref name="Goebel2019" />These missiles were first test fired in 1951, with the first air-to-air hit was made on 11 September 1953 on a drone.<ref name="ParschAIM9">Parsch 2008</ref> This experimental missile would be designated as the ''XAAM-N-7''. The missile would also earn the name "Sidewinder" by the development team, named after the desert rattlesnake that senses its prey's heat and moves in a winding motion.<ref name="Goebel2019" /><ref name="HollwayFOX2" />

Initially a US Navy project, the US Air Force was urged into participating by Howard Wilcox, the next project lead after McLean was promoted to upper management at NOTS in 1954.<ref name="Goebel2019" /> This culminated in a shoot-off in June 1955 between the Navy's Sidewinder against the Air Force's GAR-2 Falcon missile. The Sidewinder's performance in this event resulted in the US Air Force putting their support in the Sidewinder.<ref name="ParschAIM9" /> By May 1956, the missile was officially adopted as the ''AAM-N-7'' for the US Navy and the ''GAR-8'' for the US Air Force.<ref name="ParschAIM9" /><ref name="GervasiArsenal">Gervasi 1984, p.256</ref> These designation would remain until 27 June 1963, when the Sidewinder's designations were standardised across all armed services as the '''AIM-9'''.<ref name="ParschDesignation">Parsch 2020</ref>

===AIM-9B===
The '''AIM-9B''' (pre-1963 Navy designation ''AAM-N-7 Sidewinder IA'') was the initial production version of the Sidewinder.<ref name="ParschAIM9" /> More than 80,000 units of the AIM-9B Sidewinder would be produced.<ref name="GervasiArsenal" />
[[File:AIM-9B-9D-9C NAN3-71.jpg|x250px|right|thumb|none|A rack of Sidewinder missiles used by the US Navy. From top to bottom: [[AIM-9B Sidewinder|AIM-9B]], [[AIM-9D Sidewinder|AIM-9D]], and AIM-9C.]]

The AIM-9B would see combat first over the Taiwan Strait in 1958, where Chinese MiGs and Taiwanese F-86 Sabres faced off in air battles. The first AIM-9B were sent in September to assist the ROC air force, which were equipped onto their Sabres.<ref name="HollwayFOX2" /> The first air-to-air kill with a Sidewinder was recorded on 24 September 1958, in which a Sabre shot down a MiG-15 with an AIM-9B. During these battles, an AIM-9B Sidewinder successfully hit a Chinese MiG, but failed to explode, leaving it lodged in the fuselage. The MiG flew back to China with its baggage of an intact example of a heat-seeking missile. The AIM-9B was looked at by Soviet engineers, who reversed engineered the design into the [[R-3S|R-3]], or K-13, missile (NATO reporting name: AA-2 Atoll).<ref name="Goebel2019" /><ref name="LaiDragon">Lai 2016</ref>

The AIM-9B would also see widespread service in Vietnam. Its first aerial victory over Vietnam is on 10 July 1965, when two [[F-4C Phantom II]] from the 45th Tactical Fighter Squadron downed two [[MiG-17]] with AIM-9Bs.<ref name="DTIC_AIM-9Jpg1">Siemann 1974, p.xii</ref> The AIM-9B would eventually account for around 28 MiG kills with 175 launches between 1965 to 1968.<ref name="KoppAUSAIM9">Kopp 2014</ref> However, the missile's limitations became more apparent overtime. The range was short, the manoeuvrability leaves a lot to be desired, the reliability is poor, and the missile's IR lock can be easily interfered by sun, cloud, and even the ground.<ref name="HollwayFOX2" /><ref name="KoppAUSAIM9" /> These problems led to continued development of the Sidewinder. The US Navy's efforts became the [[AIM-9D Sidewinder|AIM-9D]] variant, while the US Air Force developed the [[AIM-9E Sidewinder|AIM-9E]].<ref name="Goebel2019" /><ref name="ParschAIM9" /><ref name="KoppAUSAIM9" />

== Media ==


;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|KpWGXcI9PQc|'''The Shooting Range #129''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 10:42 discusses the AIM-9B Sidewinder.}}

== See also ==


;[[AIM-9 Sidewinder (Family)|Related development]]

* [[AIM-9D Sidewinder]] - Improved variant by the US Navy
* [[AIM-9E Sidewinder]] - Improved variant by the US Air Force
* [[AIM-9B FGW.2 Sidewinder]]

;Similar-performing missiles

* [[R-3S]]
* [[PL-2]]
* [[Rb24]]
* [[Shafrir]]

== External links ==


=== References ===

;Citations
<references />

;Bibliography

* Gervasi, Tom. ''America's War Machine: the Pursuit of Global Dominance: Arsenal of Democracy III''. Grove Press, Inc., 1984.
* Goebel, Greg. "The Falcon & Sidewinder Air-To-Air Missiles." ''Air Vectors'', 01 Apr. 2019, [http://www.airvectors.net/avsdaam.html#m5 Website]. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20201112034852/http://www.airvectors.net/avsdaam.html Web Archive] from 12 Nov 2020)
* Hollway, Don. "The AIM-9 Sidewinder: Fox Two!" ''HistoryNet'', [https://www.historynet.com/fox-two.htm Website]. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210323093357/https://www.historynet.com/fox-two.htm Web Archive] from 23 Mar 2021)
* Kopp, Carlo. "The Sidewinder Story: The Evolution of the AIM-9 Missile." ''Air Power Australia'', 27 Jan 2014, [http://www.ausairpower.net/TE-Sidewinder-94.html Website]. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210402165256/http://www.ausairpower.net/TE-Sidewinder-94.html Web Archive] from 02 Apr 2021)
* Lai, Benjamin. ''The Dragon's Teeth: The Chinese People's Liberation Army - Its History, Traditions, and Air Sea and Land Capability in the 21st Century.'' Casemate Publishers, 14 July 2016.
* Parsch, Andreas. "AIM-9." ''Directory of U.S. Military Rockets and Missiles'', Designation-Systems.Net, 09 July 2008, [http://www.designation-systems.info/dusrm/m-9.html Website]. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210402165800/http://www.designation-systems.info/dusrm/m-9.html Web Archive] from 02 Apr 2021)
* Parsch, Andreas. "Current Designations of U.S. Unmanned Military Aerospace Vehicles." ''U.S. Military Aviation Designation Systems'', Designation-Systems.Net, 30 March 2020, [http://www.designation-systems.net/usmilav/missiles.html Website]. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20210603010107/http://www.designation-systems.net/usmilav/missiles.html Web Archive] from 03 Jun 2021)
* Siemann, John W. ''Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report. COMBAT SNAP (AIM-9J Southeast Asia Introduction)''. Defense Technical Information Center, 24 Apr 1974.

{{Missiles}}

[[Category:Suspended armaments]]

Pz.III N

2022-06-27T12:28:33Z

U122232598:

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_pzkpfw_III_ausf_N
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}_Tracks.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png|ArtImage2_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} German medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before [[Update 1.41]].

This is a Panzer III, upgraded to carry a short 75 mm KwK37 cannon, which can also be found on a number of [[Pz.IV F1|Panzer IV variants]], as mounting the [[KwK40 (75 mm)|infamous long variant]] of the 75 mm gun failed, so a compromise was made. Panzer III N is referred to as the assault variant of the Panzer III family, and it retains a body of the Panzer III L and M variants.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, turret, cupola roof)
* Cast homogeneous armour (cupola, gun mantlet)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 20 + 50 mm ''Upper plate'' 50 mm (53°) ''Upper glacis'' 53 mm (22°) ''Lower plate'' 30 mm (74°) ''Lower glacis'' || 30 mm || 32 mm (44°) ''Upper glacis'' 53 mm (16°) ''Upper plate'' 53 mm (10°) ''Lower plate'' 30 mm (65°) ''Lower glacis'' || 26 mm (6°) ''Front'' 18 mm ''Centre'' 15-17 mm (2-11°) ''Rear''
|-
| Turret || 50 mm (cylindrical) ''Turret front'' 50 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 30 mm (17-25°) || 30 mm (conical) || 10 mm (7°)
|-
| Cupola || colspan="3" style="text-align:center" | 50 + 30 mm (cylindrical) || 10 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and torsion bars are 15 mm thick while tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Track links used as add-on armour are 20 mm thick.
* The turret sides and rear are protected by 8 mm skirts which provide protection against HEAT and HE shells

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=465|rbMinHp=265}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

* When the {{PAGENAME}} is equipped with snow tracks (Winterketten), the side skirts are removed.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|KwK37 (75 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[KwK37 (75 mm)|75 mm KwK37]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 64 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 13.3 || 18.4 || 22.4 || 24.8 || 26.4 || rowspan="2" | 4.29 || rowspan="2" | 3.80 || rowspan="2" | 3.50 || rowspan="2" | 3.30
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.3 || 9.8 || 11.9 || 13.2 || 14.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| K.Gr.rot Pz. || APCBC || 52 || 50 || 45 || 39 || 34 || 30
|-
| Hl.Gr 38B || HEAT || 80 || 80 || 80 || 80 || 80 || 80
|-
| Sprgr. 34 || HE || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10
|-
| Hl.Gr 38C || HEAT || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| K.Gr.rot Pz. || APCBC || 385 || 6.78 || 1.2 || 14 || 80 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| Hl.Gr 38B || HEAT || 450 || 4.57 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 872.1 || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
| Sprgr. 34 || HE || 420 || 5.74 || 0 || 0.1 || 686 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| Hl.Gr 38C || HEAT || 450 || 4.8 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 875.5 || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| K.Gr.Rot Nb. || 423 || 6.2 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''64''' || 57 ''(+7)'' || 54 ''(+10)'' || 46 ''(+18)'' || 38 ''(+26)'' || 24 ''(+40)'' || 10 ''(+54)'' || 1 ''(+63)'' || No
|-
|}
Notes:

* Racks disappear after all shells in the rack have been shot or loaded.
* Turret basket & flanks empty: 38 ''(+26)'' shells (racks 1 to 4 emptied).

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|MG34 (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG34 (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm MG34]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,450 (150) || 900 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Pintle || 2,000 (150) || 900 || -10°/+25° || ±180°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Spaced armour covering lots of the tank
* Fast-firing main gun
* Fast automotive characteristics, including acceleration and track traverse
* Tracks cover much of the sides, meaning a little better staying power under artillery barrage

'''Cons:'''

* Armour is almost never enough under sustained fire
* M4s, M22s, and M5s love to bounce your shots if not carefully aimed

== History ==


=== In-game description ===
The Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. N variant was an assault tank. Ausf. L and Ausf. M chassis were used to produce this variant. This variant was produced to meet the need for a stronger tank, one that could more effectively handle the Soviet T-34 and KV-1. A 75 mm long-barreled gun could not be installed in the turret due to the turret box's limited size. The designers decided to use the short-barreled 7.5cm KwK37 L/24 gun along with hollow-charge shells. This explosive projectile packed more punch than the 5 cm KwK39 L/60 gun. To accommodate this change, the gun's mantlet was redesigned. The gun's recoil mechanisms were improved, the single-hinged hatch for the command turret was replaced with a two-hinged hatch, and the thickness of the commander's cupola walls was increased to 100 mm. This variant's operational weight was 23,000 kilograms. Most of the tanks received a 5 mm Schutzen side skirts to protect the tank's hull and turret.

Production of Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. N tanks began in June 1942 and lasted until August 1943. A total of 700 of these tanks were built. 3 were built from Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. J tanks, 447 from Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. L tanks, 213 from Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. M tanks, and 37 from other variants after they had returned from the front.

This tank variant earned a good reputation with the troops and, by the beginning of the battle at the Kursk Bulge, the Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS owned 155 vehicles of this type.

Some of the tanks was transferred to Romania, Slovakia, and Croatia. Tanks of this variant were used until the end of the war and were transferred to Allied forces after Germany's surrender.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


'''Similar tanks to the Pz.III N include'''

[[Panzer III (Family)|The Panzer III family]]

[[Pz.III N (Italy)|▄Pz.III N]]

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Germany medium tanks}}
{{Germany premium ground vehicles}}

Pz.III N

2022-06-27T12:26:16Z

U122232598: wait

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_pzkpfw_III_ausf_N
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}_Tracks.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png|ArtImage2_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} German medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before [[Update 1.41]].

This is a Panzer III, upgraded to carry a short 75 mm KwK37 cannon, which can also be found on a number of [[Pz.IV F1|Panzer IV variants]], as mounting the [[KwK40 (75 mm)|infamous long variant]] of the 75 mm gun failed, so a compromise was made. Panzer III N is referred to as the assault variant of the Panzer III family, and it retains a body of the Panzer III L and M variants.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, turret, cupola roof)
* Cast homogeneous armour (cupola, gun mantlet)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 20 + 50 mm ''Upper plate'' 50 mm (53°) ''Upper glacis'' 53 mm (22°) ''Lower plate'' 30 mm (74°) ''Lower glacis'' || 30 mm || 32 mm (44°) ''Upper glacis'' 53 mm (16°) ''Upper plate'' 53 mm (10°) ''Lower plate'' 30 mm (65°) ''Lower glacis'' || 26 mm (6°) ''Front'' 18 mm ''Centre'' 15-17 mm (2-11°) ''Rear''
|-
| Turret || 50 mm (cylindrical) ''Turret front'' 50 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 30 mm (17-25°) || 30 mm (conical) || 10 mm (7°)
|-
| Cupola || colspan="3" style="text-align:center" | 50 + 30 mm (cylindrical) || 10 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and torsion bars are 15 mm thick while tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Track links used as add-on armour are 20 mm thick.
* The turret sides and rear are protected by 8 mm skirts which provide protection against HEAT and HE shells

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=465|rbMinHp=265}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

* When the {{PAGENAME}} is equipped with snow tracks (Winterketten), the side skirts are removed.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|KwK37 (75 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[KwK37 (75 mm)|75 mm KwK37]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 64 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 13.3 || 18.4 || 22.4 || 24.8 || 26.4 || rowspan="2" | 4.29 || rowspan="2" | 3.80 || rowspan="2" | 3.50 || rowspan="2" | 3.30
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.3 || 9.8 || 11.9 || 13.2 || 14.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| K.Gr.rot Pz. || APCBC || 52 || 50 || 45 || 39 || 34 || 30
|-
| Hl.Gr 38B || HEAT || 80 || 80 || 80 || 80 || 80 || 80
|-
| Sprgr. 34 || HE || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10
|-
| Hl.Gr 38C || HEAT || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| K.Gr.rot Pz. || APCBC || 385 || 6.78 || 1.2 || 14 || 80 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| Hl.Gr 38B || HEAT || 450 || 4.57 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 872.1 || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
| Sprgr. 34 || HE || 420 || 5.74 || 0 || 0.1 || 686 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| Hl.Gr 38C || HEAT || 450 || 4.8 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 875.5 || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| K.Gr.Rot Nb. || 423 || 6.2 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''64''' || 57 ''(+7)'' || 54 ''(+10)'' || 46 ''(+18)'' || 38 ''(+26)'' || 24 ''(+40)'' || 10 ''(+54)'' || 1 ''(+63)'' || No
|-
|}
Notes:

* Racks disappear after all shells in the rack have been shot or loaded.
* Turret basket & flanks empty: 38 ''(+26)'' shells (racks 1 to 4 emptied).

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|MG34 (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG34 (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm MG34]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,450 (150) || 900 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Pintle || 2,000 (150) || 900 || -10°/+25° || ±180°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Spaced armour covering lots of the tank
* Fast-firing main gun
* Fast automotive characteristics, including acceleration and track traverse
* Tracks cover much of the sides, meaning a little better staying power under artillery barrage

'''Cons:'''

* Armour is almost never enough under sustained fire
* M4s, M22s, and M5s love to bounce your shots if not carefully aimed

== History ==


=== In-game description ===
The Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. N variant was an assault tank. Ausf. L and Ausf. M chassis were used to produce this variant. This variant was produced to meet the need for a stronger tank, one that could more effectively handle the Soviet T-34 and KV-1. A 75 mm long-barreled gun could not be installed in the turret due to the turret box's limited size. The designers decided to use the short-barreled 7.5cm KwK37 L/24 gun along with hollow-charge shells. This explosive projectile packed more punch than the 5 cm KwK39 L/60 gun. To accommodate this change, the gun's mantlet was redesigned. The gun's recoil mechanisms were improved, the single-hinged hatch for the command turret was replaced with a two-hinged hatch, and the thickness of the commander's cupola walls was increased to 100 mm. This variant's operational weight was 23,000 kilograms. Most of the tanks received a 5 mm Schutzen side skirts to protect the tank's hull and turret.

Production of Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. N tanks began in June 1942 and lasted until August 1943. A total of 700 of these tanks were built. 3 were built from Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. J tanks, 447 from Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. L tanks, 213 from Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. M tanks, and 37 from other variants after they had returned from the front.

This tank variant earned a good reputation with the troops and, by the beginning of the battle at the Kursk Bulge, the Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS owned 155 vehicles of this type.

Some of the tanks was transferred to Romania, Slovakia, and Croatia. Tanks of this variant were used until the end of the war and were transferred to Allied forces after Germany's surrender.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


Similar tanks to the Pz.III N include:

[[Panzer III (Family)|The Panzer III family]]

[[Pz.III N (Italy)|▄Pz.III N]]

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Germany medium tanks}}
{{Germany premium ground vehicles}}

Pz.III N

2022-06-27T12:25:04Z

U122232598: well lets see if this works

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_pzkpfw_III_ausf_N
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}_Tracks.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png|ArtImage2_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} German medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before [[Update 1.41]].

This is a Panzer III, upgraded to carry a short 75 mm KwK37 cannon, which can also be found on a number of [[Pz.IV F1|Panzer IV variants]], as mounting the [[KwK40 (75 mm)|infamous long variant]] of the 75 mm gun failed, so a compromise was made. Panzer III N is referred to as the assault variant of the Panzer III family, and it retains a body of the Panzer III L and M variants.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, turret, cupola roof)
* Cast homogeneous armour (cupola, gun mantlet)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 20 + 50 mm ''Upper plate'' 50 mm (53°) ''Upper glacis'' 53 mm (22°) ''Lower plate'' 30 mm (74°) ''Lower glacis'' || 30 mm || 32 mm (44°) ''Upper glacis'' 53 mm (16°) ''Upper plate'' 53 mm (10°) ''Lower plate'' 30 mm (65°) ''Lower glacis'' || 26 mm (6°) ''Front'' 18 mm ''Centre'' 15-17 mm (2-11°) ''Rear''
|-
| Turret || 50 mm (cylindrical) ''Turret front'' 50 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 30 mm (17-25°) || 30 mm (conical) || 10 mm (7°)
|-
| Cupola || colspan="3" style="text-align:center" | 50 + 30 mm (cylindrical) || 10 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and torsion bars are 15 mm thick while tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Track links used as add-on armour are 20 mm thick.
* The turret sides and rear are protected by 8 mm skirts which provide protection against HEAT and HE shells

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=465|rbMinHp=265}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

* When the {{PAGENAME}} is equipped with snow tracks (Winterketten), the side skirts are removed.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|KwK37 (75 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[KwK37 (75 mm)|75 mm KwK37]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 64 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 13.3 || 18.4 || 22.4 || 24.8 || 26.4 || rowspan="2" | 4.29 || rowspan="2" | 3.80 || rowspan="2" | 3.50 || rowspan="2" | 3.30
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.3 || 9.8 || 11.9 || 13.2 || 14.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| K.Gr.rot Pz. || APCBC || 52 || 50 || 45 || 39 || 34 || 30
|-
| Hl.Gr 38B || HEAT || 80 || 80 || 80 || 80 || 80 || 80
|-
| Sprgr. 34 || HE || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10
|-
| Hl.Gr 38C || HEAT || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| K.Gr.rot Pz. || APCBC || 385 || 6.78 || 1.2 || 14 || 80 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| Hl.Gr 38B || HEAT || 450 || 4.57 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 872.1 || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
| Sprgr. 34 || HE || 420 || 5.74 || 0 || 0.1 || 686 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| Hl.Gr 38C || HEAT || 450 || 4.8 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 875.5 || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| K.Gr.Rot Nb. || 423 || 6.2 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''64''' || 57 ''(+7)'' || 54 ''(+10)'' || 46 ''(+18)'' || 38 ''(+26)'' || 24 ''(+40)'' || 10 ''(+54)'' || 1 ''(+63)'' || No
|-
|}
Notes:

* Racks disappear after all shells in the rack have been shot or loaded.
* Turret basket & flanks empty: 38 ''(+26)'' shells (racks 1 to 4 emptied).

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|MG34 (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG34 (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm MG34]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,450 (150) || 900 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Pintle || 2,000 (150) || 900 || -10°/+25° || ±180°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Spaced armour covering lots of the tank
* Fast-firing main gun
* Fast automotive characteristics, including acceleration and track traverse
* Tracks cover much of the sides, meaning a little better staying power under artillery barrage

'''Cons:'''

* Armour is almost never enough under sustained fire
* M4s, M22s, and M5s love to bounce your shots if not carefully aimed

== History ==


=== In-game description ===
The Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. N variant was an assault tank. Ausf. L and Ausf. M chassis were used to produce this variant. This variant was produced to meet the need for a stronger tank, one that could more effectively handle the Soviet T-34 and KV-1. A 75 mm long-barreled gun could not be installed in the turret due to the turret box's limited size. The designers decided to use the short-barreled 7.5cm KwK37 L/24 gun along with hollow-charge shells. This explosive projectile packed more punch than the 5 cm KwK39 L/60 gun. To accommodate this change, the gun's mantlet was redesigned. The gun's recoil mechanisms were improved, the single-hinged hatch for the command turret was replaced with a two-hinged hatch, and the thickness of the commander's cupola walls was increased to 100 mm. This variant's operational weight was 23,000 kilograms. Most of the tanks received a 5 mm Schutzen side skirts to protect the tank's hull and turret.

Production of Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. N tanks began in June 1942 and lasted until August 1943. A total of 700 of these tanks were built. 3 were built from Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. J tanks, 447 from Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. L tanks, 213 from Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. M tanks, and 37 from other variants after they had returned from the front.

This tank variant earned a good reputation with the troops and, by the beginning of the battle at the Kursk Bulge, the Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS owned 155 vehicles of this type.

Some of the tanks was transferred to Romania, Slovakia, and Croatia. Tanks of this variant were used until the end of the war and were transferred to Allied forces after Germany's surrender.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


Similar tanks to the Pz.III N include:

[[Panzer III (Family)|The Panzer III family]]
[[Pz.III N (Italy)|Pz.III N (Italy)]]

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Germany medium tanks}}
{{Germany premium ground vehicles}}

User:U122232598

2022-06-27T12:09:37Z

U122232598: Created page with "hello i exist"

hello i exist

Pz.III N

2022-06-27T12:08:51Z

U122232598: Undo revision 132574 by U122232598 (talk)

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_pzkpfw_III_ausf_N
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}_Tracks.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png|ArtImage2_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} German medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before [[Update 1.41]].

This is a Panzer III, upgraded to carry a short 75 mm KwK37 cannon, which can also be found on a number of [[Pz.IV F1|Panzer IV variants]], as mounting the [[KwK40 (75 mm)|infamous long variant]] of the 75 mm gun failed, so a compromise was made. Panzer III N is referred to as the assault variant of the Panzer III family, and it retains a body of the Panzer III L and M variants.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, turret, cupola roof)
* Cast homogeneous armour (cupola, gun mantlet)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 20 + 50 mm ''Upper plate'' 50 mm (53°) ''Upper glacis'' 53 mm (22°) ''Lower plate'' 30 mm (74°) ''Lower glacis'' || 30 mm || 32 mm (44°) ''Upper glacis'' 53 mm (16°) ''Upper plate'' 53 mm (10°) ''Lower plate'' 30 mm (65°) ''Lower glacis'' || 26 mm (6°) ''Front'' 18 mm ''Centre'' 15-17 mm (2-11°) ''Rear''
|-
| Turret || 50 mm (cylindrical) ''Turret front'' 50 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 30 mm (17-25°) || 30 mm (conical) || 10 mm (7°)
|-
| Cupola || colspan="3" style="text-align:center" | 50 + 30 mm (cylindrical) || 10 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and torsion bars are 15 mm thick while tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Track links used as add-on armour are 20 mm thick.
* The turret sides and rear are protected by 8 mm skirts which provide protection against HEAT and HE shells

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=465|rbMinHp=265}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

* When the {{PAGENAME}} is equipped with snow tracks (Winterketten), the side skirts are removed.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|KwK37 (75 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[KwK37 (75 mm)|75 mm KwK37]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 64 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 13.3 || 18.4 || 22.4 || 24.8 || 26.4 || rowspan="2" | 4.29 || rowspan="2" | 3.80 || rowspan="2" | 3.50 || rowspan="2" | 3.30
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.3 || 9.8 || 11.9 || 13.2 || 14.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| K.Gr.rot Pz. || APCBC || 52 || 50 || 45 || 39 || 34 || 30
|-
| Hl.Gr 38B || HEAT || 80 || 80 || 80 || 80 || 80 || 80
|-
| Sprgr. 34 || HE || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10
|-
| Hl.Gr 38C || HEAT || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| K.Gr.rot Pz. || APCBC || 385 || 6.78 || 1.2 || 14 || 80 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| Hl.Gr 38B || HEAT || 450 || 4.57 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 872.1 || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
| Sprgr. 34 || HE || 420 || 5.74 || 0 || 0.1 || 686 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| Hl.Gr 38C || HEAT || 450 || 4.8 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 875.5 || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| K.Gr.Rot Nb. || 423 || 6.2 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''64''' || 57 ''(+7)'' || 54 ''(+10)'' || 46 ''(+18)'' || 38 ''(+26)'' || 24 ''(+40)'' || 10 ''(+54)'' || 1 ''(+63)'' || No
|-
|}
Notes:

* Racks disappear after all shells in the rack have been shot or loaded.
* Turret basket & flanks empty: 38 ''(+26)'' shells (racks 1 to 4 emptied).

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|MG34 (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG34 (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm MG34]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,450 (150) || 900 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Pintle || 2,000 (150) || 900 || -10°/+25° || ±180°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Spaced armour covering lots of the tank
* Fast-firing main gun
* Fast automotive characteristics, including acceleration and track traverse
* Tracks cover much of the sides, meaning a little better staying power under artillery barrage

'''Cons:'''

* Armour is almost never enough under sustained fire
* M4s, M22s, and M5s love to bounce your shots if not carefully aimed

== History ==


=== In-game description ===
The Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. N variant was an assault tank. Ausf. L and Ausf. M chassis were used to produce this variant. This variant was produced to meet the need for a stronger tank, one that could more effectively handle the Soviet T-34 and KV-1. A 75 mm long-barreled gun could not be installed in the turret due to the turret box's limited size. The designers decided to use the short-barreled 7.5cm KwK37 L/24 gun along with hollow-charge shells. This explosive projectile packed more punch than the 5 cm KwK39 L/60 gun. To accommodate this change, the gun's mantlet was redesigned. The gun's recoil mechanisms were improved, the single-hinged hatch for the command turret was replaced with a two-hinged hatch, and the thickness of the commander's cupola walls was increased to 100 mm. This variant's operational weight was 23,000 kilograms. Most of the tanks received a 5 mm Schutzen side skirts to protect the tank's hull and turret.

Production of Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. N tanks began in June 1942 and lasted until August 1943. A total of 700 of these tanks were built. 3 were built from Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. J tanks, 447 from Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. L tanks, 213 from Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. M tanks, and 37 from other variants after they had returned from the front.

This tank variant earned a good reputation with the troops and, by the beginning of the battle at the Kursk Bulge, the Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS owned 155 vehicles of this type.

Some of the tanks was transferred to Romania, Slovakia, and Croatia. Tanks of this variant were used until the end of the war and were transferred to Allied forces after Germany's surrender.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Germany medium tanks}}
{{Germany premium ground vehicles}}

Pz.III N

2022-06-27T12:08:05Z

U122232598: i mean i aint know how this work so im using my limited knowledge of other wikis

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_pzkpfw_III_ausf_N
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}_Tracks.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png|ArtImage2_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} German medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before [[Update 1.41]].

This is a Panzer III, upgraded to carry a short 75 mm KwK37 cannon, which can also be found on a number of [[Pz.IV F1|Panzer IV variants]], as mounting the [[KwK40 (75 mm)|infamous long variant]] of the 75 mm gun failed, so a compromise was made. Panzer III N is referred to as the assault variant of the Panzer III family, and it retains a body of the Panzer III L and M variants.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, turret, cupola roof)
* Cast homogeneous armour (cupola, gun mantlet)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 20 + 50 mm ''Upper plate'' 50 mm (53°) ''Upper glacis'' 53 mm (22°) ''Lower plate'' 30 mm (74°) ''Lower glacis'' || 30 mm || 32 mm (44°) ''Upper glacis'' 53 mm (16°) ''Upper plate'' 53 mm (10°) ''Lower plate'' 30 mm (65°) ''Lower glacis'' || 26 mm (6°) ''Front'' 18 mm ''Centre'' 15-17 mm (2-11°) ''Rear''
|-
| Turret || 50 mm (cylindrical) ''Turret front'' 50 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 30 mm (17-25°) || 30 mm (conical) || 10 mm (7°)
|-
| Cupola || colspan="3" style="text-align:center" | 50 + 30 mm (cylindrical) || 10 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and torsion bars are 15 mm thick while tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Track links used as add-on armour are 20 mm thick.
* The turret sides and rear are protected by 8 mm skirts which provide protection against HEAT and HE shells

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=465|rbMinHp=265}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

* When the {{PAGENAME}} is equipped with snow tracks (Winterketten), the side skirts are removed.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|KwK37 (75 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[KwK37 (75 mm)|75 mm KwK37]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 64 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 13.3 || 18.4 || 22.4 || 24.8 || 26.4 || rowspan="2" | 4.29 || rowspan="2" | 3.80 || rowspan="2" | 3.50 || rowspan="2" | 3.30
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.3 || 9.8 || 11.9 || 13.2 || 14.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| K.Gr.rot Pz. || APCBC || 52 || 50 || 45 || 39 || 34 || 30
|-
| Hl.Gr 38B || HEAT || 80 || 80 || 80 || 80 || 80 || 80
|-
| Sprgr. 34 || HE || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10
|-
| Hl.Gr 38C || HEAT || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| K.Gr.rot Pz. || APCBC || 385 || 6.78 || 1.2 || 14 || 80 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| Hl.Gr 38B || HEAT || 450 || 4.57 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 872.1 || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
| Sprgr. 34 || HE || 420 || 5.74 || 0 || 0.1 || 686 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| Hl.Gr 38C || HEAT || 450 || 4.8 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 875.5 || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| K.Gr.Rot Nb. || 423 || 6.2 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''64''' || 57 ''(+7)'' || 54 ''(+10)'' || 46 ''(+18)'' || 38 ''(+26)'' || 24 ''(+40)'' || 10 ''(+54)'' || 1 ''(+63)'' || No
|-
|}
Notes:

* Racks disappear after all shells in the rack have been shot or loaded.
* Turret basket & flanks empty: 38 ''(+26)'' shells (racks 1 to 4 emptied).

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|MG34 (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG34 (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm MG34]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,450 (150) || 900 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Pintle || 2,000 (150) || 900 || -10°/+25° || ±180°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Spaced armour covering lots of the tank
* Fast-firing main gun
* Fast automotive characteristics, including acceleration and track traverse
* Tracks cover much of the sides, meaning a little better staying power under artillery barrage

'''Cons:'''

* Armour is almost never enough under sustained fire
* M4s, M22s, and M5s love to bounce your shots if not carefully aimed

== History ==


=== In-game description ===
The Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. N variant was an assault tank. Ausf. L and Ausf. M chassis were used to produce this variant. This variant was produced to meet the need for a stronger tank, one that could more effectively handle the Soviet T-34 and KV-1. A 75 mm long-barreled gun could not be installed in the turret due to the turret box's limited size. The designers decided to use the short-barreled 7.5cm KwK37 L/24 gun along with hollow-charge shells. This explosive projectile packed more punch than the 5 cm KwK39 L/60 gun. To accommodate this change, the gun's mantlet was redesigned. The gun's recoil mechanisms were improved, the single-hinged hatch for the command turret was replaced with a two-hinged hatch, and the thickness of the commander's cupola walls was increased to 100 mm. This variant's operational weight was 23,000 kilograms. Most of the tanks received a 5 mm Schutzen side skirts to protect the tank's hull and turret.

Production of Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. N tanks began in June 1942 and lasted until August 1943. A total of 700 of these tanks were built. 3 were built from Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. J tanks, 447 from Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. L tanks, 213 from Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. M tanks, and 37 from other variants after they had returned from the front.

This tank variant earned a good reputation with the troops and, by the beginning of the battle at the Kursk Bulge, the Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS owned 155 vehicles of this type.

Some of the tanks was transferred to Romania, Slovakia, and Croatia. Tanks of this variant were used until the end of the war and were transferred to Allied forces after Germany's surrender.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
[[https://wiki.warthunder.com/Pz.III_N_(Italy)|Pz.III N (Italy]], the Italian version of the Pz.III N.

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Germany medium tanks}}
{{Germany premium ground vehicles}}