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Challenger Mk.3

2022-10-23T10:57:38Z

U111970762:

{{About
| about = British medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = Challenger (Disambiguation)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_challenger_mk_3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (shortened as '''{{Specs|pseudonym}}''') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]].

The Challenger Mk.3 retains most of the characteristics of the [[Challenger Mk.2]]. It has some unique differences; such as: [[Armour#Explosive_reactive_armour_.28ERA.29|"ROMOR-A ERA"]] which covers the lower glacis and sides, along with the addition of the ammunition storage being covered with rolled homogeneous armour. It retains the same engine (1200 hp) as the Mk.2, however with a minor increase in weight it suffers slightly reduced mobility and acceleration. Its iconic, legendary, and pin-point accurate gun stays the same as on the Challenger Mk.2.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The armour protection on the Challenger Mk.3 is excellent in some areas and bad in others. The upper half of the turret cheeks are capable of withstanding almost all kinetic penetrators and will stop most chemical penetrators with less than 800 mm, while the lower half won't protect against most top-rank rounds. Additionally, the breech weak spot is quite small. This means the turret has excellent protection and hulldown play is recommended. The hull composite is only good against lower penetrating APFSDS rounds such as [[T-55AM-1|T-55AM]], and can also withstand some chemical munitions, but it is not advised to rely on this armour. The rest of the tank (turret and hull sides, lower front plate) has decent protection against chemical rounds due to the add on armour, ERA, and thick turret sides.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 38 mm (79-81°), 50* mm (60°) ''Upper glacis'' 70 mm (30°) ''Lower glacis'' || 20 mm, 25 mm (74°) ''Top'' 38 mm (12°) ''Bottom''
| 25 mm (29-30°) || 20 mm 8 mm ''Engine grille''
|-
| Turret || 50* mm (51-54°) 60 mm (55-56°), 200 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 80 mm + 15 mm ''Front right'' 80 + 25 mm + 4 mm ''Front'' 45 + 4 mm ''Rear'' || 44 + 4 mm || 38 mm (82°) ''Front'' 20 mm (80-90°) ''Rear''
|-
| Cupola || colspan="4" | 60 mm
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Composite armour* !! Front !! Sides
|-
| Hull || 200 mm NERA + 80 mm RHA + 50 mm RHA ''Upper glacis'' || 150 mm NERA, 70 mm screens ''Side skirts''
|-
| Turret || 300 mm NERA + 50 mm RHA + 110 mm CHA || 300 mm NERA + 25 mm RHA + 80 mm RHA
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Reactive Armour !! Front !! Sides
|-
| Hull || 30 mm ROMOR-A ERA ''Lower glacis'' '''Protection against:''' 30 mm ''Kinetic'' 300 mm ''Chemical'' || 150 mm NERA ''Side skirts'' '''Protection against:''' 30 mm ''Kinetic'' 400 mm ''Chemical''
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* The propellant ammo racks are surrounded by 5 mm RHA.
* Side skirts consist of 150 mm NERA composite, 70 mm composite screens, or 19 mm aluminium.
* Tracks and wheels are 20 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,860|rbMinHp=1,061}}

The {{PAGENAME}} has an acceptable top speed, however, acceleration and mobility (primarily due to its weight) are lacklustre compared to other MBTs.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="60%"
|-
! '''Module rotation speed'''
! 90 Degrees
! 180 Degrees
! 360 Degrees
|-
| '''Tank Hull'''
| 5 Seconds
| 10 Seconds
| 20 Seconds
|-
| '''Tank Turret'''
| 3 Seconds
| 6 Seconds
| 12 Seconds
|-
| '''Test Conditions'''
| colspan="3" style="text-align:left" | *Tested with a spaded {{PAGENAME}}, crew at maximum skill, with basic training qualification. Results can vary based on tank research state, crew levels & qualifications.
|}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|L11A5 (120 mm)}}

The Challenger's main gun, while not the most powerful at its rank, is competitive, and more importantly, accurate. With over 470mm of penetration at maximum, there is no need to aim for weakspots, unless you are facing higher-ranked vehicles such as the T-80U, Leopard 2A5, etc) and make use of the Challenger's good reload speed to knock out important components first.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L11A5 (120 mm)|120 mm L11A5]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 52 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 29.5 || 40.8 || 49.6 || 54.9 || 58.4 || rowspan="2" | 6.50 || rowspan="2" | 5.75 || rowspan="2" | 5.30 || rowspan="2" | 5.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 18.4 || 21.7 || 26.4 || 29.1 || 31.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| Shot L23A1 || APFSDS || 396 || 394 || 387 || 376 || 367 || 357
|-
| Shell L31A7 || HESH || 152 || 152 || 152 || 152 || 152 || 152
|-
| L26 || APFSDS || 471 || 469 || 464 || 458 || 450 || 444
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| Shot L23A1 || APFSDS || 1,535 || 3.89 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
| Shell L31A7 || HESH || 670 || 17.34 || 0.1 || 4 || 6,530 || 73° || 77° || 80°
|-
| L26 || APFSDS || 1,550 || 4.3 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| L34 || 670 || 17.1 || 20 || 5 || 25 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! Ammo part
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
|-
| '''52''' || ''Projectiles'' ''Propellants'' || 52 ''(+0)'' 41 ''(+11)'' || 47 ''(+5)'' 31 ''(+21)'' || 40 ''(+12)'' 30 ''(+22)'' || 37 ''(+15)'' 21 ''(+31)'' || 35 ''(+17)'' 11 ''(+41)'' || 31 ''(+21)'' 6 ''(+46)'' || 28 ''(+24)'' N/A
|-
! 8th rack empty
! 9th rack empty
! 10th rack empty
! 11th rack empty
! 12th rack empty
! 13th rack empty
! 14th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
!
|-
| 26 ''(+26)'' 1 ''(+51)*'' || 23 ''(+29)'' N/A || 21 ''(+31)'' N/A || 19 ''(+33)'' N/A || 5 ''(+47)'' N/A || N/A ''(+N/A)'' N/A || 1 ''(+51)*'' N/A || Yes
!
|-
|}
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
'''Notes'''

* The {{PAGENAME}} uses two-piece ammunition, composed of projectiles (yellow) and propellant bags (orange). Both have separate racks.
* The 8th propellant rack and the 14th projectile rack are the first-stage ammo racks: they will deplete first when firing and will be restocked with ammunition from other ammo racks.
* All the propellant racks are surrounded by 5 mm of {{Annotation|RHA|Rolled homogeneous armour}}.
* The 7th projectile rack is stored in the hull, below the 2nd projectile rack.
* The visual discrepancy concerns the 7th propellant rack and the 13th projectile rack. A shell/charge remains modeled in these racks even after all ammunition has been depleted.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|L37A2 (7.62 mm)|L8A2 (7.62 mm)}}

The machine gun's calibre won't present any major advantage in armoured combat other than serving as target spotter to allies, ranging gun and obstacle clearer. But a major important role is against low flying aircrafts and especially, helicopters. As the highly adequate rate of fire is capable to bring down the biggest of the hovering birds, with enough well placed rounds that is.

{{Notice|Tip: It is possible to switch to the machine gun as the main weapon and use thermals through the machine gun sight.}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L37A2 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm L37A2]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 3,600 (100) || 650 || -10°/+50° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[L8A2 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm L8A2]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 2,400 (200) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


;Urban Environments

In urban environments, the Challenger will struggle relative to the [[T-80B]], [[M1 Abrams]] and [[Leopard 2A4]] - it's large, heavy and sluggish which proves costly in close quarters or when engagements occur in open streets. While the Challenger's gun still proves effective, often opposition vehicles will achieve valuable positioning before a Challenger can, forcing the Challenger tanker to play defensively. However, playing carefully and avoiding obvious routes, the Challenger can be comfortably put to use in urban environments.

;Rural Environments

The Mk.3 performs very well in rural areas, where defilades and ditches that can be used for cover are far more readily available. The Challenger is still best played in hull-down defensive positions, clearing areas of maps before moving up, but a patient playstyle will be rewarded. Make use of the vehicle's good gun depression and competitive reload, utilising off-angles and hull-down positions. If a situation begins to degrade, make use of the Challenger's reasonably good reverse speed and reposition.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent turret armour; efficiency increased even more with proper hull down in slopes
* Reasonably small breech protected by turret cheek's armour
* Good HEAT and ATGM resistance on front/sides thanks to ERA and NERA elements
* Good neutral steering and decent reverse speed provides a great boost from the slower [[Chieftain (Family)|Chieftains]]
* Reasonably good reload, particularly for a 120 mm gun; one of the most remarkable aspects of the latter British MBTs
* Brand-new TOGS system provides easy target acquisition in day or night
* Precise L11 gun with adequate penetration values; support rounds available
* Access to L26 APFSDS, a noticable upgrade over the stock L23A1 APFSDS shell
* 5 second reload when aced

'''Cons:'''

* Lacklustre sloped armour penetration, worst at high BR battles facing omni-present [[Leopard 2A6]] or [[T-72B (1989)]]; must aim for weak spots
* The lower half of the turret cheeks are vulnerable to some higher-tier FIN rounds
* Slower MBT than most of the vehicles it faces, albeit not by a huge margin
* Hull is large and tall, very vulnerable to kinetic rounds or aerial attacks
* Cannot shoot straight over its engine deck; a notable disadvantage on urban engagements
* Top-tier shells can easily penetrate Challenger's turret armour, even at range
* Ready-rack is depleted very fast due to the low amount of shells it carries and the quick reloading of the gun

== History ==

Once the Challenger was established as the latest MBT for the British army following the decommissioning of the older Chieftain tank, it entered service with the British Army in 1983.

The British Army chose to test this newly designated tank in the Canadian Army Trophy (CAT) competition in West Germany, 1986. Once in the competition and despite having adequate scores, the Challengers were amongst the last in the score tables versus the equally powerful Abrams and Leopards. This proved to be discouraging results, as it was hoped the all-around better Challengers would provide excellent results this time unlike the older Chieftain - distinctly on the mobility and off-road abilities as the new Rolls-Royce CV12 provided almost twice the horsepower of the Chieftain's Leyland L60 Powerpack.

The apparent complete failure on the CAT went further to the British Army withdrawing from the competition in 1987, leaving statements like the following:

{{Quote|I do not believe that the performance of tanks in the artificial circumstances of a competition, such as the recent Canadian Army Trophy, is a proper indication of their capability in war. Challenger's gun gives the best penetrative performance against the tanks of a potential enemy. The tank itself is arguably the best protected in the world and has excellent mobility. It carries an advanced thermal imaging system which is much admired by our allies and ensures that Challenger can fight effectively by night and by day. Participation in international tank gunnery competitions is one useful option in the complete spectrum of training opportunities available in preparing our tank crews for war, but it is not on its own a basis for judgment of overall capability.|'''Ian Stewart, former Minister for the Armed Forces''' when asked if he is satisfied with the standard of British tank international gunnery demonstrated in recent competitions; and if he will make a statement.}}

'''Mk.3 Upgrade'''

Before the Gulf War, the Corps of Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers (REME) updated the Challenger 1 Mk.2 into the Mk.3 with even more armour protection, increased operational range, desert filters amongst other internal refits. This was the first mass-production use of the Royal Ordnance-made ROMOR-A, of over 250 armour sets were going to be used in the imminent Desert storm - These packages were also included in the Centurion AVRE deploying along with the Challengers 1.

Numerous Challengers were up-armoured by to Mk.3 desert modification with packages of explosive reactive armour (ERA) ROMOR-A in the lower frontal plate and non-energetic reactive armour (NERA) in the sides - this NERA proved to be safer from accidental detonations for any possible friendly units adjacent to the tank. It was estimated the upgrades would increase the protection in these reinforced areas up to 95% against the performance of shaped charges or ATGMs of approximately 127 mm.

The armour requirements were exponentially increasing because new lethal weaponry as the infamously portable Soviet RPG-7 became the most widely used anti-tank weapon in the world. The revolutionary and yet classified to this day Chobham armour proved extremely reliable against most possible frontal engagements. However, areas like the side armour or the lower frontal plate remained a weak spot against the powerful anti-tank armaments been constantly developed.

'''Trial of fire'''

3 days after of the US-designated Desert storm operation started, the vast miles of desert defended by Iraqi forces were damaged by French and American aerial and ground attacks but fiercely resisting. It was then the only UK armoured division, the 1st Armoured Division headed to combat under the British code name of Operation Grandby. They were equipped with Warriors acting as the mechanized infantry and Challengers leading the spearhead of the assault.

Charging along with the US' 1st Calvary division, the Challengers Mk.2 and Mk.3 advanced with low visibility conditions and sand storm, during day and night. This advantage is granted to the technologically superior Thermal Observation Gunnery Sight (TOGS) system, that enabled the tank commanders to designate targets in complete darkness. The developing GPS technology also proved vital to increase the mobility of the tanks squadrons in the desert.

On February 27, 1991, Battle of Norfolk part of the Battle of 73 Easting. One of the major battles for the Challenger 1 MBT took part. It allowed the British tanks to achieved over 200 Iraqi tank kills and other various vehicles kill with no losses. This ardent engagements at long and very close distances versus the sand-dug Iraqi T-55s and T-62s allowed the Challenger to prove its true combat capabilities.

{{Notice|A Challenger 1 got the longest tank kill of all time, at a range of over 4.6 km, when it knocked out an Iraqi tank with an APFSDS round!}}

Lt Col Tim Purbrick, Queen's Royal Irish Hussars Battlegroup for the Liberation of Kuwait recollects

{{Quote|First, Gus's 4,700 m first round FIN kill. It was a supreme technical achievement for man and machine. 4,700m, a shade under 3 miles, is more than three times the 1,200 m battle range of the Challenger. The shot is written up in books, sometimes incorrectly, with one book saying it was a Depleted Uranium (DU) round, it wasn't, it was a normal service FIN round while another book said it was at longer range, it wasn't, it was 4,700 m. I believe that it is the longest range direct fire kinetic round kill ever achieved by a tank on the battlefield.}}

The Challenger regiments were given several of the specially conceived depleted Uranium APFSDS L26A1 rounds also known as "Jericho". In case of facing the ultimate adversary, the Iraqi Republican's guard T-72M; these engagements never occurred but the round was applied years later in the intended user, the Challenger 2.

Despite the early perceived poor fidelity of the tank, the Challenger 1 fought till the end of the war without major losses but minor external damages. They travelled approximately 350 km in the desert till the final Gulf war objective; the Basra Highway north of Multa Ridge on February 27, 1991.

{{Quote|Challenger is a tank built for war and not for competitions.|Patrick Cordingley, Commander of 7th Armoured Brigade}}

'''Fate'''

The Challengers 1 continued their British service until the 99's as part of the KFOR, a NATO-led international peacekeeping force in Kosovo.

Eventually with most of the 400 tanks being sold or gifted in the 2000s to Jordan, in which the King Abdullah II Design and Development Bureau innovated with newer technologies, a rebirth tank, known locally as Al-Hussein. The Jordanians developed an upgrade package prototype unveiled in 2003, adding a crew-less turret fitted with a powerful Swiss RUAG Defense Systems 120 mm/L50 smoothbore with auto-loader, hunter-killer system, laser warning system, thermal imaging and Soft-Kill Active Protection; this variant is known as the '''Falcon turret'''.

The Challenger 1 Mk.2 and Mk.3 were replaced by the Challenger 2 in the UK service but is still in service until this day in Jordan where the large fleet is being gradually replaced by the more modern French MBT, the Leclerc.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_challenger_mk_3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|zlTWSpm0-KA|'''Challenger I Mk.3 - Tank Review''' - ''Napalmratte''|Lwcx7vVieUQ|'''Tank Chats #82 Challenger 1''' - ''The Tank Museum''|TCpSxqaqo-s|'''Challenger 1 Main Battle Tank''' - ''TankNutDave''}}

== See also ==


'''Shared operational History - Gulf War'''

* [[M1 Abrams]]
* [[Warrior]]
* [[Challenger Mk.2|Challenger Mk. 2]]
* [[M3 Bradley]]
* [[T-55A|T-55]]
* [[T-62]]

'''Analogues on other nations'''

* [[Leopard 2K]]
* [[T-72B]]
* [[T-72B (1989)]]
* [[Leopard 1A5 (Italy)|Leopard 1A5]]
* [[AMX-30B2 BRENUS]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5918-development-challenger-mk-3-a-royal-upgrade-en|[Devblog] Challenger Mk 3 - A Royal Upgrade]]
* [https://britisharmyblog.wordpress.com/2016/03/11/desert-storm-part-24-back-to-germany/ Lt Col Tim Purbrick's UK Army blogs - Desert Storm Experience]
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=54 Military Factory.com - Challenger 1 MBT]
* Dunstan, Simon (1998). ''Challenger Main Battle Tank 1982-97''. Osprey Publishing, p. 18. ISBN <bdi>1-85532-485-7</bdi>.
* Challenger 2 Owners' Tank Manual, Haynes Manuals, 1998 to Present - ''An Insight Into the Design, Construction, Operation and Maintenance of the British Army's Main Battle Tank of the 21st Century'', 2018

{{TankManufacturer Department of Tank Design}}
{{Britain medium tanks}}

TTD

2022-10-06T23:26:56Z

U111970762: /* Pros and cons */ i added some extra stuff to make it more on-point

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_ttd
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The armour on the TTD is decent, but not the best. The UFP can resist lower-tier 105 mm APFSDS rounds like the M735, DM23, and M774 while the turret can resist rounds such as 3BM22, DM33(105), M833 and Type 93. The TTD has blowout panels in the turret bustle for 16 rounds of first-stage ammo stowage, which can sometimes let you take a direct hit to the ammunition and survive. However, taking more then 17 rounds places ammunition in the hull next to the driver, which makes the tank's ammunition very vulnerable to detonation. Compared to the ammunition spread all across the tank in comparable BR British tanks, like the VFM5, Challenger Mk.2 and Challenger Mk.3, the TTD's ammunition stowage is far superior.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,937|rbMinHp=1,106}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|GT-3 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[GT-3 (105 mm)|105 mm GT-3]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 54 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 34.3 || 47.4 || 57.6 || 63.7 || 67.8 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 21.4 || 25.2 || 30.6 || 33.8 || 36.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| M152 || HEATFS || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400
|-
| M111 || APFSDS || 337 || 335 || 330 || 322 || 314 || 306
|-
| DM63 || APFSDS || 430 || 427 || 420 || 409 || 400 || 390
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| M152 || HEATFS || 1,174 || 10.5 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,270 || 65° || 72° || 77°
|-
| M111 || APFSDS || 1,455 || 4.2 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
| DM63 || APFSDS || 1,455 || 4.4 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''54''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good researchable APFSDS
* Decent top speed
* Good gun depression
* Generation 1 thermal imaging
* Decent armour compared to other NATO tanks at this BR

'''Cons:'''

* No machine guns, not letting you kill open-top vehicles or mark enemies when you are reloading or your gun has been disabled
* Underpowered engine when stock gives it a slow acceleration
* Armour can't stop almost any shells, only less powerful shells and shells coming at weird angles will be stopped
* Relatively long reload time for the calibre of the gun
* Ammo racks detonations are frequent due to their positioning

== History ==

'''<big>Development</big>'''

The '''TTD''' program began in the 1980s when the South African Defense Force (SADF) determined a new indigenous main battle tank (MBT) was required. The main contractors were the Reumech Olifant Manufacturing Company (OMC) which built the hull and the Lyttleton Engineering Works (LEW) which designed the turret and supplied the main gun. Other contractors included KENTRON, integrators of Systems Technology (iST), Grinaker Electronics, Eloptro, Booyco Engineering, M-TEK, Prokura Diesel Services (PDS) which supplied the powerplant. The program was code named Loggim.

The budget of the program was cut in the 1990s due to a lack of a need for a new tank after the South African Border War ended in 1989. In order to salvage what they could from the program, the SADF and Armaments Corporation of South Africa (ARMSCOR) intended to produce a demonstrator vehicle using the technologies developed during the Loggim program. The single demonstrator vehicle was completed in 1992 and named the '''Tank Technology Demonstrator''' or TTD for short.

But, South Africa held its first free democratic elections in the year of 1994 which caused the removal of sanctions against South Africa importing and exporting military equipment. The SADF was reorganized and renamed to South African National Defence Force (SANDF) in the same year. It became clear that with the lifting of sanctions the SANDF would be able to purchase foreign main battle tanks (MBTs) so the need for the TTD was called into question. It was thought that 282 tanks would be needed to replace the [[Olifant Mk.1A|Olifant Mk1A]] and Mk1B, but the project was cancelled and the TTD demonstrator was donated to the South African Armour Museum between 1996 and 1997.

'''Design'''

'''Layout'''

The TTD had a conventional layout with a four man crew, a driver in the hull and the loader, commander, and gunner in the turret. The gunner's station was located on the right side of the turret towards the front. He was provided with a GS60 sight with x3 and x8 magnification as well as an integrated laser rangefinder and a thermal imaging channel. An auxiliary mechanical sight was also provided as a backup. The loader was located on the left side of the turret and was provided a single periscope as well as his own hatch for entry and exit. The commander's station was on the right side of the turret behind the gunner's station. The commander received a low profile cupola with six periscopes for 360 degrees of viewing. The commander also had a CS60N panoramic sight which could rotate 360 degrees and provided day/night capabilities with a third generation image intensifier. The zoom options provided were x3 and x10. The driver's station was located in the front center of the hull. Steering was by a yoke stick and other controls were provided by an analogue instrument panel. Three periscopes were provided for external viewing, with the ability to replace the central periscope with a passive night vision periscope. A hatch was provided in the roof as well as an escape hatch in the floor.

'''Mobility'''

Mobility was one of the important characteristics that was required from the TTD project, and as such it featured a new powerplant and suspension system compared to earlier South African tanks. The engine used was a V8 diesel engine producing 1234 horsepower at 1,200 rpm. It could produce 4400 Nm of torque at 1,500 rpm which resulted in a fast acceleration from 0 to 30 km/h in 5.1 seconds. The cooling system was a water-to-air type and measures were also taken to reduce the infrared (IR) signature of the vehicle. A management system was implemented to control engine power output compared to the temperature, preventing the engine from going above 48°C (118°F). The transmission used was an automatic 4F 2R cross-drive transmission with four forward gears and two reverse gears. In order to increase fuel efficiency, the engine was capable of switching from eight to four cylinders when not moving, and the TTD could also turn on the spot (pivot). The maximum attainable speed of the TTD was 71 km/h on road and 35 km/h off-road. The reverse speed was up to 32 km/h.

The suspension was of a torsion bar type with seven dual road wheels, a rear drive sprocket and a front idler, and four return rollers. The TTD had the ability to vary the amount of track links used in order to choose the track tension, with 102 to 112 track links. The brake system was capable of bringing the vehicle to a complete stop from 56 km/h in only 6.8 seconds. The TTD could maintain a ground pressure of 0.93 kg/cm2. It could climb a 60% gradient, a side slope of 30% and cross a 3.5 m trench. The maximum fording depth of an unprepared TTD was 1.5 m.

'''Logistics'''

The TTD was provided with a 1,600 liter (422 gallon) fuel tank, allowing it to achieve a range of 400 km on ideal terrain, 300 km off-road, and 150 km on sand. The vehicle was equipped with radios for effective command and control. A drinking water tank was fitted to provide the crew with 80 liters (20 gallons) of water; it could be accessed from the driver and loader's stations. Also, the tank was fitted with a fume extractor to prevent noxious fumes from building up inside after firing the main gun.

'''Armament'''

The main gun was a 105 mm rifled GT3 gun produced by LEW as a license-built version of the British Royal Ordnance L7. 54 105 mm projectiles were provided, with six in the turret basket, sixteen in a rotating carousel, and thirty-two in a rack to the left of the driver. The gun could fire APFSDS, HEAT, HESH, and HE ammunition types. It was planned to replace the 105 mm gun with a 120 mm smoothbore on production versions but it never entered production and a 120 mm gun was never fitted. The main gun has an elevation range of 10 degrees of depression and 20 degrees of elevation.

An electro-mechanical 48VDC gun drive was used along with a digital fire control system (FCS). The RS485 databus was used in the FCS to allow hunter-killer operation with the gunner and commander searching for targets independently and then fixing the gun onto the target either by the gunner's controls or commander's manual override. The turret could rotate 360 degrees in less than ten seconds while the gun could elevate at 34 degrees per second. Time from identification of a target to firing on the target was achieved at nine seconds. A muzzle reference system (MRS) was fitted.

'''Protection'''

The frontal armour of the TTD utilized composite structures in order to increase its effectiveness over plain steel armour. Both the upper glacis of the hull and turret front used composite armour which was claimed to protect against 125 mm APFSDS and HEAT rounds. The sides of the vehicle were protected against 23 mm rounds while the roof protected against 155 mm airburst rounds. The underside of the vehicle protected against anti-tank mines. A spall liner was fitted to the interior of the crew compartment to better protect the crew from shrapnel and fragments. Also, an automated fire suppression system was fitted in the crew compartment, as well as a second system in the engine compartment. The turret bustle ammunition stowage was also fitted with blowout panels to vent an ammunition detonation away from the crew compartment in the case ammunition was hit by enemy fire. A total of eight smoke grenade launchers were provided with a bank of four on each side of the turret, as well as an engine exhaust smoke system.

'''Olifant Mk1B Replacement'''

After the Loggim program and its TTD were cancelled the SANDF chose not to buy a foreign MBT either as there was no room in the budget. Instead, 26 of the Olifant tanks were upgraded to the [[Olifant Mk.2]] standard from 2000 to 2005.<ref>https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/modern/south-africa/tank-technology-demonstrator/</ref>

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_ttd Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

=== References ===
<references />

{{Britain medium tanks}}

T-80UK

2022-09-18T22:21:47Z

U111970762: /* Ammunition */ added some stats for t-80uk ammo pen

{{About
| about = Soviet medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = T-80 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_t_80uk
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a squadron rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Drone Age"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.''

{{tankMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|2A46M-1 (125 mm)}}

''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[2A46M-1 (125 mm)|125 mm 2A46M-1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 39 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+15° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__
|-
! ''Realistic''
| __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| 3BK18M || HEATFS ||550||550||550||550||550||550
|-
| 3OF26 EDKV || HE-TF ||42||42||42||42||42||42
|-
| 3BM42 || APFSDS || __ || __ || __ || __ || __ || __
|-
| 9M119 || ATGM || __ || __ || __ || __ || __ || __
|-
| 3BM46 || APFSDS || __ || __ || __ || __ || __ || __
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 3BK18M || HEATFS || ___ || _.__ || __ || _._ || ___ || __° || __° || __°
|-
| 3OF26 EDKV || HE-TF || ___ || _.__ || __ || _._ || ___ || __° || __° || __°
|-
| 3BM42 || APFSDS || ___ || _.__ || __ || _._ || ___ || __° || __° || __°
|-
| 3BM46 || APFSDS || ___ || _.__ || __ || _._ || ___ || __° || __° || __°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Missile details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Range (m)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 9M119 || ATGM || ___ || _,___ || _.__ || __ || _._ || ___ || __° || __° || __°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''39''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|NSVT (12.7 mm)|PKT (7.62 mm)}}

''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[NSVT (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm NSVT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| || ___ (___) || ___ || __° || __°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[PKT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm PKT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| || ___ (___) || ___ || __° || __°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7841-development-squadron-vehicles-t-80uk-en|[Devblog] Squadron vehicles:T-80UK]]

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{USSR medium tanks}}
{{Squadron ground vehicles}}
[[Category:ATGM vehicles]]

TTD

2022-09-11T10:21:59Z

U111970762: I have added a description to the TTD page on armour and survivability

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_ttd
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

Armour on the TTD is decent, but not the best. The UFP can resist lower-tier 105mm APFSDS rounds like the M735, DM23 and M774, while the turret can resist rounds such as 3BM22, DM33(105),M833 and Type 93. The TTD has blowout panels in the turret bustle for 16 rounds of first-stage ammo stowage, which can sometimes let you take a direct hit to the ammunition and live. However, taking more then 17 rounds places ammunition in the hull next to the driver, which makes the tank's ammunition very vulnerable to detonation. However, compared to the ammunition spread all across the tank in comparable BR British tanks, like the VFM5, Challenger Mk.2 and Challenger Mk.3, the TTD's ammunition stowage is far, far superior.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,937|rbMinHp=1,106}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|GT-3 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[GT-3 (105 mm)|105 mm GT-3]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 54 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 34.3 || 47.4 || 57.6 || 63.7 || 67.8 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 21.4 || 25.2 || 30.6 || 33.8 || 36.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| M152 || HEATFS || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400
|-
| M111 || APFSDS || 337 || 335 || 330 || 322 || 314 || 306
|-
| DM63 || APFSDS || 436 || 434 || 426 || 416 || 406 || 396
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| M152 || HEATFS || 1,173 || 10.5 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,270 || 65° || 72° || 77°
|-
| M111 || APFSDS || 1,455 || 3.79 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
| DM63 || APFSDS || 1,455 || 4.3 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''54''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good researchable APFSDS
* Decent top speed
* Good gun depression

'''Cons:'''

* No machine guns
* Underpowered engine gives it a slow acceleration
* Armour can't stop almost any shells, only less powerful shells and shells coming at weird angles will be stopped
* Relatively long reload time for the calibre of the gun
* Ammo racks detonations are frequent due to their positioning

== History ==

'''<big>Development</big>'''

The '''TTD''' program began in the 1980’s when the South African Defense Force (SADF) determined a new indigenous main battle tank (MBT) was required. The main contractors were the Reumech Olifant Manufacturing Company (OMC) which built the hull and the Lyttleton Engineering Works (LEW) which designed the turret and supplied the main gun. Other contractors included KENTRON, integrators of Systems Technology (iST), Grinaker Electronics, Eloptro, Booyco Engineering, M-TEK, Prokura Diesel Services (PDS) which supplied the powerplant. The program was code named Loggim.

The budget of the program was cut in the 1990’s due to a lack of a need for a new tank after the South African Border War ended in 1989. In order to salvage what they could from the program, the SADF and Armaments Corporation of South Africa (ARMSCOR) intended to produce a demonstrator vehicle using the technologies developed during the Loggim program. The single demonstrator vehicle was completed in 1992 and named the '''Tank Technology Demonstrator''' or TTD for short.

But, South Africa held its first free democratic elections in the year of 1994 which caused the removal of sanctions against South Africa importing and exporting military equipment. The SADF was reorganized and renamed to South African National Defence Force (SANDF) in the same year. It became clear that with the lifting of sanctions the SANDF would be able to purchase foreign main battle tanks (MBTs) so the need for the TTD was called into question. It was thought that 282 tanks would be needed to replace the [[Olifant Mk.1A|Olifant Mk1A]] and Mk1B, but the project was cancelled and the TTD demonstrator was donated to the South African Armour Museum between 1996 and 1997.

'''Design'''

'''Layout'''

The TTD had a conventional layout with a four man crew, a driver in the hull and the loader, commander, and gunner in the turret. The gunner’s station was located on the right side of the turret towards the front. He was provided with a GS60 sight with x3 and x8 magnification as well as an integrated laser rangefinder and a thermal imaging channel. An auxiliary mechanical sight was also provided as a backup. The loader was located on the left side of the turret and was provided a single periscope as well as his own hatch for entry and exit. The commander’s station was on the right side of the turret behind the gunner’s station. The commander received a low profile cupola with six periscopes for 360 degrees of viewing. The commander also had a CS60N panoramic sight which could rotate 360 degrees and provided day/night capabilities with a third generation image intensifier. The zoom options provided were x3 and x10. The driver’s station was located in the front center of the hull. Steering was by a yoke stick and other controls were provided by an analogue instrument panel. Three periscopes were provided for external viewing, with the ability to replace the central periscope with a passive night vision periscope. A hatch was provided in the roof as well as an escape hatch in the floor.

'''Mobility'''

Mobility was one of the important characteristics that was required from the TTD project, and as such it featured a new powerplant and suspension system compared to earlier South African tanks. The engine used was a V8 diesel engine producing 1234 horsepower at 1,200 rpm. It could produce 4400 Nm of torque at 1,500 rpm which resulted in a fast acceleration from 0 to 30 km/h in 5.1 seconds. The cooling system was a water-to-air type and measures were also taken to reduce the infrared (IR) signature of the vehicle. A management system was implemented to control engine power output compared to the temperature, preventing the engine from going above 48°C (118°F). The transmission used was an automatic 4F 2R cross-drive transmission with four forward gears and two reverse gears. In order to increase fuel efficiency, the engine was capable of switching from eight to four cylinders when not moving, and the TTD could also turn on the spot (pivot). The maximum attainable speed of the TTD was 71 km/h on road and 35 km/h off-road. The reverse speed was up to 32 km/h.

The suspension was of a torsion bar type with seven dual road wheels, a rear drive sprocket and a front idler, and four return rollers. The TTD had the ability to vary the amount of track links used in order to choose the track tension, with 102 to 112 track links. The brake system was capable of bringing the vehicle to a complete stop from 56 km/h in only 6.8 seconds. The TTD could maintain a ground pressure of 0.93 kg/cm2. It could climb a 60% gradient, a side slope of 30% and cross a 3.5 m trench. The maximum fording depth of an unprepared TTD was 1.5 m.

'''Logistics'''

The TTD was provided with a 1,600 liter (422 gallon) fuel tank, allowing it to achieve a range of 400 km on ideal terrain, 300 km off-road, and 150 km on sand. The vehicle was equipped with radios for effective command and control. A drinking water tank was fitted to provide the crew with 80 liters (20 gallons) of water; it could be accessed from the driver and loader’s stations. Also, the tank was fitted with a fume extractor to prevent noxious fumes from building up inside after firing the main gun.

'''Armament'''

The main gun was a 105 mm rifled GT3 gun produced by LEW as a license-built version of the British Royal Ordnance L7. 54 105 mm projectiles were provided, with six in the turret basket, sixteen in a rotating carousel, and thirty-two in a rack to the left of the driver. The gun could fire APFSDS, HEAT, HESH, and HE ammunition types. It was planned to replace the 105 mm gun with a 120 mm smoothbore on production versions but it never entered production and a 120 mm gun was never fitted. The main gun has an elevation range of 10 degrees of depression and 20 degrees of elevation.

An electro-mechanical 48VDC gun drive was used along with a digital fire control system (FCS). The RS485 databus was used in the FCS to allow hunter-killer operation with the gunner and commander searching for targets independently and then fixing the gun onto the target either by the gunner’s controls or commander’s manual override. The turret could rotate 360 degrees in less than ten seconds while the gun could elevate at 34 degrees per second. Time from identification of a target to firing on the target was achieved at nine seconds. A muzzle reference system (MRS) was fitted.

'''Protection'''

The frontal armour of the TTD utilized composite structures in order to increase its effectiveness over plain steel armour. Both the upper glacis of the hull and turret front used composite armour which was claimed to protect against 125 mm APFSDS and HEAT rounds. The sides of the vehicle were protected against 23 mm rounds while the roof protected against 155 mm airburst rounds. The underside of the vehicle protected against anti-tank mines. A spall liner was fitted to the interior of the crew compartment to better protect the crew from shrapnel and fragments. Also, an automated fire suppression system was fitted in the crew compartment, as well as a second system in the engine compartment. The turret bustle ammunition stowage was also fitted with blowout panels to vent an ammunition detonation away from the crew compartment in the case ammunition was hit by enemy fire. A total of eight smoke grenade launchers were provided with a bank of four on each side of the turret, as well as an engine exhaust smoke system.

'''Olifant Mk1B Replacement'''

After the Loggim program and its TTD were cancelled the SANDF chose not to buy a foreign MBT either as there was no room in the budget. Instead, 26 of the Olifant tanks were upgraded to the [[Olifant Mk.2]] standard from 2000 to 2005.<ref>https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/modern/south-africa/tank-technology-demonstrator/</ref>

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_ttd Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

=== References ===
<references />

{{Britain medium tanks}}

TTD

2022-09-11T09:56:47Z

U111970762:

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_ttd
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,937|rbMinHp=1,106}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|GT-3 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[GT-3 (105 mm)|105 mm GT-3]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 54 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 34.3 || 47.4 || 57.6 || 63.7 || 67.8 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 21.4 || 25.2 || 30.6 || 33.8 || 36.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| M152 || HEATFS || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400
|-
| M111 || APFSDS || 337 || 335 || 330 || 322 || 314 || 306
|-
| DM63 || APFSDS || 436 || 434 || 426 || 416 || 406 || 396
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| M152 || HEATFS || 1,173 || 10.5 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,270 || 65° || 72° || 77°
|-
| M111 || APFSDS || 1,455 || 3.79 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
| DM63 || APFSDS || 1,455 || 4.3 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''54''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good researchable APFSDS
* Decent top speed
* Good gun depression

'''Cons:'''

* No machine guns
* Underpowered engine gives it a slow acceleration
* Armour can't stop almost any shells, only less powerful shells and shells coming at weird angles will be stopped
* Relatively long reload time for the calibre of the gun
* Ammo racks detonations are frequent due to their positioning

== History ==

'''<big>Development</big>'''

The '''TTD''' program began in the 1980’s when the South African Defense Force (SADF) determined a new indigenous main battle tank (MBT) was required. The main contractors were the Reumech Olifant Manufacturing Company (OMC) which built the hull and the Lyttleton Engineering Works (LEW) which designed the turret and supplied the main gun. Other contractors included KENTRON, integrators of Systems Technology (iST), Grinaker Electronics, Eloptro, Booyco Engineering, M-TEK, Prokura Diesel Services (PDS) which supplied the powerplant. The program was code named Loggim.

The budget of the program was cut in the 1990’s due to a lack of a need for a new tank after the South African Border War ended in 1989. In order to salvage what they could from the program, the SADF and Armaments Corporation of South Africa (ARMSCOR) intended to produce a demonstrator vehicle using the technologies developed during the Loggim program. The single demonstrator vehicle was completed in 1992 and named the '''Tank Technology Demonstrator''' or TTD for short.

But, South Africa held its first free democratic elections in the year of 1994 which caused the removal of sanctions against South Africa importing and exporting military equipment. The SADF was reorganized and renamed to South African National Defence Force (SANDF) in the same year. It became clear that with the lifting of sanctions the SANDF would be able to purchase foreign main battle tanks (MBTs) so the need for the TTD was called into question. It was thought that 282 tanks would be needed to replace the [[Olifant Mk.1A|Olifant Mk1A]] and Mk1B, but the project was cancelled and the TTD demonstrator was donated to the South African Armour Museum between 1996 and 1997.

'''Design'''

'''Layout'''

The TTD had a conventional layout with a four man crew, a driver in the hull and the loader, commander, and gunner in the turret. The gunner’s station was located on the right side of the turret towards the front. He was provided with a GS60 sight with x3 and x8 magnification as well as an integrated laser rangefinder and a thermal imaging channel. An auxiliary mechanical sight was also provided as a backup. The loader was located on the left side of the turret and was provided a single periscope as well as his own hatch for entry and exit. The commander’s station was on the right side of the turret behind the gunner’s station. The commander received a low profile cupola with six periscopes for 360 degrees of viewing. The commander also had a CS60N panoramic sight which could rotate 360 degrees and provided day/night capabilities with a third generation image intensifier. The zoom options provided were x3 and x10. The driver’s station was located in the front center of the hull. Steering was by a yoke stick and other controls were provided by an analogue instrument panel. Three periscopes were provided for external viewing, with the ability to replace the central periscope with a passive night vision periscope. A hatch was provided in the roof as well as an escape hatch in the floor.

'''Mobility'''

Mobility was one of the important characteristics that was required from the TTD project, and as such it featured a new powerplant and suspension system compared to earlier South African tanks. The engine used was a V8 diesel engine producing 1234 horsepower at 1,200 rpm. It could produce 4400 Nm of torque at 1,500 rpm which resulted in a fast acceleration from 0 to 30 km/h in 5.1 seconds. The cooling system was a water-to-air type and measures were also taken to reduce the infrared (IR) signature of the vehicle. A management system was implemented to control engine power output compared to the temperature, preventing the engine from going above 48°C (118°F). The transmission used was an automatic 4F 2R cross-drive transmission with four forward gears and two reverse gears. In order to increase fuel efficiency, the engine was capable of switching from eight to four cylinders when not moving, and the TTD could also turn on the spot (pivot). The maximum attainable speed of the TTD was 71 km/h on road and 35 km/h off-road. The reverse speed was up to 32 km/h.

The suspension was of a torsion bar type with seven dual road wheels, a rear drive sprocket and a front idler, and four return rollers. The TTD had the ability to vary the amount of track links used in order to choose the track tension, with 102 to 112 track links. The brake system was capable of bringing the vehicle to a complete stop from 56 km/h in only 6.8 seconds. The TTD could maintain a ground pressure of 0.93 kg/cm2. It could climb a 60% gradient, a side slope of 30% and cross a 3.5 m trench. The maximum fording depth of an unprepared TTD was 1.5 m.

'''Logistics'''

The TTD was provided with a 1,600 liter (422 gallon) fuel tank, allowing it to achieve a range of 400 km on ideal terrain, 300 km off-road, and 150 km on sand. The vehicle was equipped with radios for effective command and control. A drinking water tank was fitted to provide the crew with 80 liters (20 gallons) of water; it could be accessed from the driver and loader’s stations. Also, the tank was fitted with a fume extractor to prevent noxious fumes from building up inside after firing the main gun.

'''Armament'''

The main gun was a 105 mm rifled GT3 gun produced by LEW as a license-built version of the British Royal Ordnance L7. 54 105 mm projectiles were provided, with six in the turret basket, sixteen in a rotating carousel, and thirty-two in a rack to the left of the driver. The gun could fire APFSDS, HEAT, HESH, and HE ammunition types. It was planned to replace the 105 mm gun with a 120 mm smoothbore on production versions but it never entered production and a 120 mm gun was never fitted. The main gun has an elevation range of 10 degrees of depression and 20 degrees of elevation.

An electro-mechanical 48VDC gun drive was used along with a digital fire control system (FCS). The RS485 databus was used in the FCS to allow hunter-killer operation with the gunner and commander searching for targets independently and then fixing the gun onto the target either by the gunner’s controls or commander’s manual override. The turret could rotate 360 degrees in less than ten seconds while the gun could elevate at 34 degrees per second. Time from identification of a target to firing on the target was achieved at nine seconds. A muzzle reference system (MRS) was fitted.

'''Protection'''

The frontal armour of the TTD utilized composite structures in order to increase its effectiveness over plain steel armour. Both the upper glacis of the hull and turret front used composite armour which was claimed to protect against 125 mm APFSDS and HEAT rounds. The sides of the vehicle were protected against 23 mm rounds while the roof protected against 155 mm airburst rounds. The underside of the vehicle protected against anti-tank mines. A spall liner was fitted to the interior of the crew compartment to better protect the crew from shrapnel and fragments. Also, an automated fire suppression system was fitted in the crew compartment, as well as a second system in the engine compartment. The turret bustle ammunition stowage was also fitted with blowout panels to vent an ammunition detonation away from the crew compartment in the case ammunition was hit by enemy fire. A total of eight smoke grenade launchers were provided with a bank of four on each side of the turret, as well as an engine exhaust smoke system.

'''Olifant Mk1B Replacement'''

After the Loggim program and its TTD were cancelled the SANDF chose not to buy a foreign MBT either as there was no room in the budget. Instead, 26 of the Olifant tanks were upgraded to the [[Olifant Mk.2]] standard from 2000 to 2005.<ref>https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/modern/south-africa/tank-technology-demonstrator/</ref>

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_ttd Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

=== References ===
<references />

{{Britain medium tanks}}

TTD

2022-09-11T09:00:08Z

U111970762: i added text to the armour part as i feel it had nothing

{{Specs-Card
|code=uk_ttd
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

Armour protection is generally decent, with the hull being able to stop rounds like the M735 and DM23, while the turret can block rounds like the 3BM22, DM33 and Type 93. The tank also comes with blowout panels in the turret bustle

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,937|rbMinHp=1,106}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|GT-3 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[GT-3 (105 mm)|105 mm GT-3]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 54 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 34.3 || 47.4 || 57.6 || 63.7 || 67.8 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 21.4 || 25.2 || 30.6 || 33.8 || 36.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| M152 || HEATFS || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400
|-
| M111 || APFSDS || 337 || 335 || 330 || 322 || 314 || 306
|-
| DM63 || APFSDS || 436 || 434 || 426 || 416 || 406 || 396
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| M152 || HEATFS || 1,173 || 10.5 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,270 || 65° || 72° || 77°
|-
| M111 || APFSDS || 1,455 || 3.79 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
| DM63 || APFSDS || 1,455 || 4.3 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''54''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good researchable APFSDS
* Decent top speed
* Good gun depression

'''Cons:'''

* No machine guns
* Underpowered engine gives it a slow acceleration
* Armour can't stop almost any shells, only less powerful shells and shells coming at weird angles will be stopped
* Relatively long reload time for the calibre of the gun
* Ammo racks detonations are frequent due to their positioning

== History ==

'''<big>Development</big>'''

The '''TTD''' program began in the 1980’s when the South African Defense Force (SADF) determined a new indigenous main battle tank (MBT) was required. The main contractors were the Reumech Olifant Manufacturing Company (OMC) which built the hull and the Lyttleton Engineering Works (LEW) which designed the turret and supplied the main gun. Other contractors included KENTRON, integrators of Systems Technology (iST), Grinaker Electronics, Eloptro, Booyco Engineering, M-TEK, Prokura Diesel Services (PDS) which supplied the powerplant. The program was code named Loggim.

The budget of the program was cut in the 1990’s due to a lack of a need for a new tank after the South African Border War ended in 1989. In order to salvage what they could from the program, the SADF and Armaments Corporation of South Africa (ARMSCOR) intended to produce a demonstrator vehicle using the technologies developed during the Loggim program. The single demonstrator vehicle was completed in 1992 and named the '''Tank Technology Demonstrator''' or TTD for short.

But, South Africa held its first free democratic elections in the year of 1994 which caused the removal of sanctions against South Africa importing and exporting military equipment. The SADF was reorganized and renamed to South African National Defence Force (SANDF) in the same year. It became clear that with the lifting of sanctions the SANDF would be able to purchase foreign main battle tanks (MBTs) so the need for the TTD was called into question. It was thought that 282 tanks would be needed to replace the [[Olifant Mk.1A|Olifant Mk1A]] and Mk1B, but the project was cancelled and the TTD demonstrator was donated to the South African Armour Museum between 1996 and 1997.

'''Design'''

'''Layout'''

The TTD had a conventional layout with a four man crew, a driver in the hull and the loader, commander, and gunner in the turret. The gunner’s station was located on the right side of the turret towards the front. He was provided with a GS60 sight with x3 and x8 magnification as well as an integrated laser rangefinder and a thermal imaging channel. An auxiliary mechanical sight was also provided as a backup. The loader was located on the left side of the turret and was provided a single periscope as well as his own hatch for entry and exit. The commander’s station was on the right side of the turret behind the gunner’s station. The commander received a low profile cupola with six periscopes for 360 degrees of viewing. The commander also had a CS60N panoramic sight which could rotate 360 degrees and provided day/night capabilities with a third generation image intensifier. The zoom options provided were x3 and x10. The driver’s station was located in the front center of the hull. Steering was by a yoke stick and other controls were provided by an analogue instrument panel. Three periscopes were provided for external viewing, with the ability to replace the central periscope with a passive night vision periscope. A hatch was provided in the roof as well as an escape hatch in the floor.

'''Mobility'''

Mobility was one of the important characteristics that was required from the TTD project, and as such it featured a new powerplant and suspension system compared to earlier South African tanks. The engine used was a V8 diesel engine producing 1234 horsepower at 1,200 rpm. It could produce 4400 Nm of torque at 1,500 rpm which resulted in a fast acceleration from 0 to 30 km/h in 5.1 seconds. The cooling system was a water-to-air type and measures were also taken to reduce the infrared (IR) signature of the vehicle. A management system was implemented to control engine power output compared to the temperature, preventing the engine from going above 48°C (118°F). The transmission used was an automatic 4F 2R cross-drive transmission with four forward gears and two reverse gears. In order to increase fuel efficiency, the engine was capable of switching from eight to four cylinders when not moving, and the TTD could also turn on the spot (pivot). The maximum attainable speed of the TTD was 71 km/h on road and 35 km/h off-road. The reverse speed was up to 32 km/h.

The suspension was of a torsion bar type with seven dual road wheels, a rear drive sprocket and a front idler, and four return rollers. The TTD had the ability to vary the amount of track links used in order to choose the track tension, with 102 to 112 track links. The brake system was capable of bringing the vehicle to a complete stop from 56 km/h in only 6.8 seconds. The TTD could maintain a ground pressure of 0.93 kg/cm2. It could climb a 60% gradient, a side slope of 30% and cross a 3.5 m trench. The maximum fording depth of an unprepared TTD was 1.5 m.

'''Logistics'''

The TTD was provided with a 1,600 liter (422 gallon) fuel tank, allowing it to achieve a range of 400 km on ideal terrain, 300 km off-road, and 150 km on sand. The vehicle was equipped with radios for effective command and control. A drinking water tank was fitted to provide the crew with 80 liters (20 gallons) of water; it could be accessed from the driver and loader’s stations. Also, the tank was fitted with a fume extractor to prevent noxious fumes from building up inside after firing the main gun.

'''Armament'''

The main gun was a 105 mm rifled GT3 gun produced by LEW as a license-built version of the British Royal Ordnance L7. 54 105 mm projectiles were provided, with six in the turret basket, sixteen in a rotating carousel, and thirty-two in a rack to the left of the driver. The gun could fire APFSDS, HEAT, HESH, and HE ammunition types. It was planned to replace the 105 mm gun with a 120 mm smoothbore on production versions but it never entered production and a 120 mm gun was never fitted. The main gun has an elevation range of 10 degrees of depression and 20 degrees of elevation.

An electro-mechanical 48VDC gun drive was used along with a digital fire control system (FCS). The RS485 databus was used in the FCS to allow hunter-killer operation with the gunner and commander searching for targets independently and then fixing the gun onto the target either by the gunner’s controls or commander’s manual override. The turret could rotate 360 degrees in less than ten seconds while the gun could elevate at 34 degrees per second. Time from identification of a target to firing on the target was achieved at nine seconds. A muzzle reference system (MRS) was fitted.

'''Protection'''

The frontal armour of the TTD utilized composite structures in order to increase its effectiveness over plain steel armour. Both the upper glacis of the hull and turret front used composite armour which was claimed to protect against 125 mm APFSDS and HEAT rounds. The sides of the vehicle were protected against 23 mm rounds while the roof protected against 155 mm airburst rounds. The underside of the vehicle protected against anti-tank mines. A spall liner was fitted to the interior of the crew compartment to better protect the crew from shrapnel and fragments. Also, an automated fire suppression system was fitted in the crew compartment, as well as a second system in the engine compartment. The turret bustle ammunition stowage was also fitted with blowout panels to vent an ammunition detonation away from the crew compartment in the case ammunition was hit by enemy fire. A total of eight smoke grenade launchers were provided with a bank of four on each side of the turret, as well as an engine exhaust smoke system.

'''Olifant Mk1B Replacement'''

After the Loggim program and its TTD were cancelled the SANDF chose not to buy a foreign MBT either as there was no room in the budget. Instead, 26 of the Olifant tanks were upgraded to the [[Olifant Mk.2]] standard from 2000 to 2005.<ref>https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/modern/south-africa/tank-technology-demonstrator/</ref>

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_ttd Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

=== References ===
<references />

{{Britain medium tanks}}

IS-3

2022-03-15T06:48:28Z

U111970762: /* See also */

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_is_3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet heavy tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during the closed beta testing for Ground Forces before [[Update 1.41]]. The IS-3 keeps the same [[D-25T (122 mm)|D-25T]] gun as its predecessor while ''drastically'' upgrading its armour without hindering mobility too much.

Anyone familiar with the [[IS-2]] and [[IS-2 (1944)]] will sit comfortably behind the driver's controls of this behemoth.

As with previous IS models, the IS-3 sports the same D-25T 122 mm cannon, with its awesome destructive potential. Experienced tankers will know which weak points to look for on most targets, although the weapon's effectiveness increases dramatically once the BR-417D ammunition is researched, upgrading its penetration from 207 to 230 mm while retaining most of the HE filler. At its battle rating, the IS-3 will come up against many other heavy tanks with large, slow reloading guns, making the playing field much more even. Despite this, always beware the faster, lightly armoured targets such as the [[Ru 251]], [[Leopard I]], and other vehicles that can essentially ignore the IS-3's armour like the [[FV4005|FV4005]]. As with the IS-2 mod. 1944, the IS-3 has a spindle-mounted Heavy Machine Gun, good for warding off strafing aircraft or deterring light vehicles.

The IS-3 once again demonstrates sub-par mobility, despite being relatively light for a heavy tank. It has an engine that produces a measly 671 horsepower, making the vehicle feel sluggish when attempting to initiate a turn from both standstills and when moving. Its' acceleration also leaves much to be desired, however, it does have a reasonably high top speed, and usually will reach it eventually regardless of the surface it is driving on. Fortunately, as with all late Soviet heavy tanks, the reverse speed of the IS-3 is very respectable, often allowing it the time necessary to back out of bad situations to reload or repair. The reverse gears and low forward gears allow the vehicle to climb surprisingly sharp slopes, despite what some might expect from such a large vehicle.

The most obvious changes over the previous IS tanks are of course the redesigned turret and the sharply angled 'pike' nose. The front is not only angled, but the armour is also relatively thick, with 110 mm on both the top and bottom, angled at 54°-56° and 54° respectively. As with previous designs, the IS-3 has somewhat sub-par side and rear armour, and angling should be avoided. The redesigned turret is much more resilient than the older designs, with more angling, a much smaller flat area around the mantlet, and significantly thicker casting. The tank is somewhat vulnerable to trap shots and turret ring penetration - these can be somewhat negated by depressing the gun and blocking the vulnerable areas.

The IS-3 is the definition of a 'breakthrough' tank, which excels at close-range, front-on conflict where the chances of flanking are minimal and drivers can take advantage of the heavy frontal armour and reverse speed. When up-tiered, or against certain enemies with HEAT, HESH or ATGMs, IS-3 drivers should play cautiously as the tank is extremely vulnerable to high-penetration and chemical rounds.

== General info ==
[[File:IS-3 Screenshot 1.jpg|thumb|Screenshot of the IS-3 on [[Berlin (Ground Forces)|Berlin]]]]

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull, Turret roof)
* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 110 mm (54-56°) ''Front glacis'' 110 mm (54°) ''Lower glacis'' || 90 mm (0-40°) ''Top'' 20 mm (60°) ''Bottom'' || 60 mm (47°) ''Top'' 60 mm (41-42°) ''Bottom'' || 20 mm
|-
| Turret || 250 mm (1-78°) ''Turret front'' 100 + 250 mm (9-79°) ''Gun mantlet''|| 75-220 mm (33-69°) || 70-120 mm (22-52°) || 20 mm ''Front, Hatch roof'' 40 mm ''Center'' 75 mm ''Sides''
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick while tracks are 30 mm thick.
* The thickest armour of the tank is at the front – the "beak" at the front of the hull raises the effective thickness of the armour from 110 to around 180 – 200 mm, depending on the exact spot.
* The turret front of the IS-3 is an also fairly well armoured, with 250 mm of heavily sloped armour equating to around 400 mm effective thickness.
* Turret side armour is not equal throughout its length. In the side middle, it is 130 mm, then bordering the rear armour is 150 mm thick.
* Gun mantlet side and bottom are boosted by the 250 mm of the turret front, whereas the top of gun mantlet has no armour behind it.
* Side armour of the hull has an additional 5 mm of sheet metal on above the suspension area.
* Turret ring is 200 mm thick with a 20 mm "collar" covering the front and sides.
* Upper half of the side armour is at a very steep angle, meaning conventional rounds will simply bounce

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 671|rbMinHp= 460}}

The mobility and speed of the IS-3 is decent, and is somewhere between other heavy tanks of the same tier and mediums tanks of the same tier. The IS-3 drives very similar to its predecessors the [[IS-1]] and [[IS-2]]. Whenever the IS-3 turns at all, much of the speed of the tank is instantly lost, making the hull turn rate lacklustre, especially without neutral steering. This is, of course, akin to those previously mentioned predecessors.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
[[File:IS-3 Screenshot 2.jpg|thumb|Screenshot of the IS-3 on [[Berlin (Ground Forces)|Berlin]]]]

=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|D-25T (122 mm)}}

The IS-3 carries a heavy 122 mm D-25T cannon, the same weapon mounted on the IS-2 and IS-4M, as well as other variants of the IS-3. This cannon, based on a heavy howitzer, is a highly-effective weapon capable of hitting extremely hard. However, it has an extremely slow reload speed, and rather poor gun depression.

The D-25T cannon fires large 122 mm shells, which are relatively effective against most targets at the IS-3's BR. However, the cannon's effectiveness is hampered by two main drawbacks - relatively bad gun handling (particularly the gun depression and turret rotation speed), and the ridiculously long reload rate. Firstly, the turret has a weak gun depression of just 3 degrees as well as a slow rotation speed, which can hamper the IS-3's ability to get its gun on target quickly and efficiently. Secondly, and more importantly, the IS-3 has a massive gun reload of 20+ seconds. This means that the IS-3 is more suited for a longer-ranged, "heavy fire support" role, as it makes use of the gun's massive punching power without running into situations where the IS-3's gun cannot reload quickly enough to return fire. However, these two drawbacks are compensated for by the IS-3's powerful ammunition, capable of dealing with most targets at its BR. While it retains the 3 shell types found on the previous IS-2, the IS-3's gun also gets access to the BR-471D APCBC shell. This shell gets less TNT filler than the other shells, but gains improved penetration of 230 mm at point-blank range. This shell is capable of frontally-penetrating most tanks at the IS-3's BR.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[D-25T (122 mm)|122 mm D-25T]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 28 || rowspan="2" | -3°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 7.3 || 10.1 || 12.2 || 13.5 || 14.4 || rowspan="2" | 26.00 || rowspan="2" | 23.00 || rowspan="2" | 21.20 || rowspan="2" | 20.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 5.4 || 6.3 || 7.7 || 8.4 || 9.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| BR-471 || APHE || 205 || 201 || 183 || 162 || 144 || 128
|-
| BR-471B || APHEBC || 205 || 203 || 191 || 178 || 166 || 155
|-
| BR-471D || APCBC || 230 || 227 || 215 || 200 || 186 || 173
|-
| OF-471 || HE || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| BR-471 || APHE || 795 || 25 || 1.2 || 19 || 246.4 || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| BR-471B || APHEBC || 795 || 25 || 1.2 || 19 || 246.4 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| BR-471D || APCBC || 800 || 25 || 1.2 || 19 || 192.5 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| OF-471 || HE || 800 || 25 || 0 || 0.1 || 3,600 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''28''' || 23 ''(+5)'' || 17 ''(+11)'' || 13 ''(+15)'' || 10 ''(+18)'' || 8 ''(+20)'' || 1 ''(+27)'' || No
|-
|}

The D-25T cannon fires two-piece ammunition that are stored all around the crew compartment. The majority of the projectiles are found lining the sides and rear of the turret while the majority of the propellant found in the hull, with two large piles flanking the driver and a few kept on the hull floor and rear. Next to the cannon breech on the loader's side is a small ready rack containing 5 propellant charges, with the 5 accompanying projectiles found to the loader's right against the turret side. The time it takes the loader to load one round into the ready rack from the stowage racks is about 21 seconds.

* Recommended ammo load is 12, which empty all of the racks but racks 1 and 6.
* Ammo Rack 1 is a ready rack, and takes priority in being filled at the beginning of the battle, then fills racks 6 through 2.
* Full reload speed will be realized as long as ammo exists in the ready racks. If all three ready racks are empty, a penalty to reload speed will occur.
* Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will load ammo from racks 2-6 into rack 1, as long as there is ammo in racks 2-6. Firing will interrupt the loading of the ready racks.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|DShK (12.7 mm)|DT (7.62 mm)}}

The IS-3 carries two secondary machine guns, being a 12.7 mm DShK machine gun on the turret roof as well as a coaxial 7.62 mm DT machine gun. The DT machine gun is relatively ineffective, as its small calibre prevents it from doing any sort of real damage against targets with any armour. As well, the coaxial mounting prevents the DT from firing at air targets effectively. The DShK, on the other hand, can be a more potent weapon when used against lightly-armoured vehicles or aircraft. The gun can penetrate the sides/back of some IFVs/SPAAs/light-armoured vehicles, and also has good firing angles allowing it to engage enemy aircraft and helicopters.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[DShK (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm DShK]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 300 (50) || 600 || -4°/+85° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[DT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm DT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 2,000 (63) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The IS-3, continuing the tradition of the Soviet IS line of heavy tanks, sports a powerful 122 mm cannon, strong frontal armour and reasonable mobility for its class. As with its predecessors, it excels at dispatching anything it can penetrate with its explosive-filled rounds, and relies heavily on its excellent reverse speed and sharply angled armour to keep itself out of trouble. However, an IS-3 commander will increasingly encounter HEAT, HESH and ATGMs which pose a serious threat to the vehicle. The IS-3 also has a rather exposed and exploitable trap-shot directly under the gun barrel when the turret is facing directly forward, which even conventional rounds can use. It is also recommended to make sure that the enemy tank has around the same height advantage as you, as the armour plate on top of the gun breech can be penetrated by enemy shells shot from above, damaging the gun breech and possibly killing your tank.

One important thing to note is that the stock grind of this vehicle is rather bad. When stock, the vehicle is sluggish, and has a shell that really struggles to penetrate some of the well armoured tanks of its BR bracket, which you will regularly face. This will lead to you being more of a support tank when stock, but as you research more modifications the IS-3 becomes better.

[[File:IS-3 Screenshot 3.jpg|thumb|Screenshot of the IS-3 on [[Berlin (Ground Forces)|Berlin]]]]

=== General Gameplay ===
One of the most important points about the IS-3 is that angling does not work - your pike nose will become easier to get through as you angle your tank, so handle all enemies head-on, if possible. However your gun is still the same 122 mm cannon as on the initial [[IS-2]] at which is situated at a lower battle rating, so it is understandable that you will struggle to penetrate many heavy enemies frontally now at the higher battle rating, even with the new shell that can go through 230 mm of armour at close range.

In the current meta, faster vehicles are more viable than heavier ones, and the IS-3 is at a big disadvantage especially in Realistic. Your armour is amazing in a downtier, but it's basically non-existent in an uptier (to Battle Ratings 8.0 / 8.3, where you start seeing APFSDS and HEAT shells all the time), so knowing when to take this tank out is also a big part of gameplay with it.

'''Arcade Battles'''

Surprisingly, the IS-3 can do very well in Arcade. Many enemies in Arcade don't seem to know that the best way to kill the IS-3 with a conventional round is via a shot-trap, so your survivability is increased. Moreover, when fully upgraded, the IS-3 becomes extremely mobile in Arcade allowing you to get into cover after shooting, or quickly advance on an unsuspecting enemy. The best strategy against a single enemy is to just rush them - the terrain usually bounces your tank around slightly making it very difficult to penetrate, and the sheer sight of a heavy tank speeding towards the enemy will cause some panic.

The more experienced tanker will know when to take the IS-3 out in battle and when to use other vehicles. If you know that the game is an uptier (e.g. by checking the statistics tab, or by the map draw) you should decide against the IS-3 and take out a tank like the [[BMP-1]], which fits better into the high tier meta. Also, long-range engagements are a gamble, since your top round and long reload times make it difficult to successfully attack enemies, while they might have a HEAT shell that disregards distance. However, the rush strategy can work here as well, especially if you turn your tank in random directions once in a while, making it harder for opponents to aim at you.

'''Realistic Battles'''

In Realistic, the IS-3 is much more difficult to play, because enemies take more time to aim at weakspots and your mobility is toned down. Due to that, you need to take time with your own shots and know your opponents - is there an ammo-rank in the side of the Caernarvon, or should you shoot at the driver's position? and etc. Generally, you need to play with stealth in Realistic, because the person who shoots first is usually the one that gets the kill. Flanking can, and does, work with the IS-3, not because of speed, but because your teammates are shot and you can return fire at the perpetrators and continue your advance. Moreover, some light tanks that are prevalent at the higher Battle Ratings outright cannot penetrate you with their main guns (most of them have ATGMs, though).

Against ATGMs, it's a good idea to use your machine guns to shoot at the ground in front of your tank - this makes a small smoke-screen out of dirt and rubble that makes it difficult for enemies to aim their ATGMs. Keep in mind though, that you should still move your tank away from the initial position, because enemies will try to predict where you are going (it's a good idea to shoot machine guns increasingly to the left, while moving to the right, because it causes a sense of your tank moving with machine guns, while actually, you're moving in the other direction).

'''General Tips'''

The IS-3 is relatively versatile, but excels in close-range combat against conventional rounds - it is very good at taking on other heavy tanks such as the [[T32|T32]] and [[Caernarvon]].

* It has a reasonably decent top speed, and on solid ground, acceptable acceleration, allowing it to reach cap points and combat areas fairly promptly and set up in positions to allow it to make the most of the frontal armour.
* When down tiered, the IS-3 performs excellently, able to push forward and play its 'breakthrough' role with impunity.
* Good climbing capabilities allow the IS-3 to reach some surprising positions for sniping or supporting teammates pushing points. Despite the gun's effectiveness being reduced at the range, the armour of the vehicle becomes much more effective as weak spots become significantly harder to hit.
* Since the IS-3 can keep up with most medium tanks like the Centurions, Panthers or T-44s, it can be played as early-game heavy support for those lighter, more vulnerable hulls to assist in taking objectives.
* In up tiered games (7.7-8.3), the IS-3 can come across a lot of chemical rounds and must be played significantly more carefully, as its armour simply cannot compete with the high penetration of these rounds.

Play this tank almost any way that is favourable. A few tips to increase this vehicle's performance:

* Always face towards the enemies directly, avoid exposing the weak hull sides.
* Cover the frontal weak spots if necessary with the gun's large barrel by pointing it downwards. It's better to have the gun barrel destroyed than it is to lose crew members and be potentially unable to reverse out of bad situations.
* Stop only to fire. Movement makes the weak spots harder to target. Even when there is no destination to move to, go back and forth a few meters just so that the IS-3 hull wobbles a bit on start and stop.
* Plan aggressive pushes and movements around enemy locations. The gun has negligible depression and very bad horizontal traverse, making reacting to enemies slow and risky, and impossible if they're on lower ground.
* Avoid engaging vehicles over hills by climbing the hill as it will be hard to aim with only -3° depression and the lower plate will be vulnerable due to the angling.
* Avoid fighting tanks with HEAT/HESH/APFSDS.
* Be careful when brawling at extremely close ranges, as the top of the turret is quite vulnerable due to the vehicle's low profile.
* Avoid facing elevated opponents, as this decreases LOS thickness for hull and exposes turret top.
* Carrying less ammo helps increase survivability from penetrating shots to the turret (ammunition is spread around the edges of the turret).

=== The Stock Grind ===
This vehicle can be a pain to play when stock, because enemies will try to kill you in any way, often by setting you on fire 3 times in a row. Your tracks and gun barrel are frequent targets as well, and without Parts or FPE gameplay is going to be painful. Due to this, you must '''research Parts and FPE first''', this is extremely important. Generally, you would want to be behind your teammates, to let them get shot more instead of you, when reloaded you can poke out and shoot your shot, right before going back into the cover or behind teammates. Sniping is an option, but it's not the most viable since there's quite a lot of bullet drop and missing your shots will cause the very long reload.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros''':

* Very good frontal armour. Upper and lower plates are basically immune to all conventional shells
* First Soviet heavy tank that comes with the V-shaped hull and ridiculously strong spaced armour lining the sides
* Really strong turret. Even the sides of the turret are heavily armoured and angled
* Very powerful 122 mm gun; top APHE shell has high penetration and very good damage potential
* Good top speed and manoeuvrability

'''Cons''':

* Horrifying reload speed; despite the armour, fighting two tanks at once is ill-advised
* Armour is still no match for APDS and HEAT
* Terrible gun depression; finding a good hull-down location to use the gun is difficult
* Despite the good turret, the left side of the gun mantlet can be penetrated by conventional rounds with good penetration (Like the 88 mm shell found on the Tiger II)
* Bottom of the gun mantlet is an infamous shot trap
* While a small target, the entirety of the turret ring is exposed
* Ammo is strewn throughout the entire crew compartment
* Roof-mounted 12.7 mm machine gun only has a 50 box magazine before needing to reload
* Only four crew members in a small crew compartment; any APHE shell that penetrates will likely knock out the entire crew
* 122 mm gun is the same as the IS-2 with the exception of the new BR-471D shell and will struggle to knock out hull down American mediums and heavies like the M48 Patton and T32

== History ==


===Development===
Late in 1944, development of the next generation of the IS heavy tanks started, following after the [[IS-2 (1944)|IS-2]] tank. The tank was to be better in armour compared to the IS-2 as a response to the new [[Tiger II (H)|Tiger II]] that showed up and is able to penetrate the front armour of the hull. The project was codenamed ''Kirovets-1'' and was headed by General Nikolai Dukhov.<ref name="ZalogaIS">Zaloga Steven. ''IS-2 Heavy Tank 1944-73'' Great Britain: Osprey Publishing Ltd., 1994</ref> Design bureaus at the Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant "Tankograd" (ChTZ) and Factory No. 100 worked on the design of the vehicle. A focus on the armour improvement came from a study by an engineer in the teams that most tank losses occurred from hits to the front turret, with the front hull coming in second. The two design bureaus came up with their own ideas on how to make the armour of the tank more effective, with ChTZ developing an extremely rounded turret and No.100 developing a new angled front armour in a shape of a "beak". Soviet command decided that the design should use both features in the armour as both ideas were promising. The prototype vehicle was then produced at ChTZ and completed in October 1944 when it trialled and accepted for production as the '''IS-3'''. Production for the IS-3 started in 1945 at ChTZ alongside the IS-2 production. As the first tanks rolled off production lines, it was determined that the design was rushed and unproven with its multiple mechanical problems, some of which included the armour plates welds cracking open from the vibration of cross-country movement and muzzle blast from the gun. Because of this, the IS-3 was not available in large numbers to be committed into battle, leading to their absence in the final months of World War II before Germany surrendered in May 1945.<ref name="ZalogaIS" />

Despite its rough introduction and prevalent mechanical issues, the IS-3 continued production with gradual fixes to the front hull, final drive, and engine mounts. The Chelyabinsk factory produced IS-3s from 1945 to 1951 for a total of 1,800 tanks.<ref name="ZalogaIS" />

===Usage===
Though the IS-3 was not available in large numbers at the start, the Soviets attempted to transport the IS-3 to Germany in April 1945 to assist in the fighting, but they arrived too late to be committed to any fighting. It is reported that the IS-3 did see service during the Soviet invasion of Manchuria in August 1945 to fulfil Stalin's promise in the Yalta Conference to invade Japan after the capitulation of Germany, however not much information is present about this topic.<ref name="ZalogaIS" />

The end of the most destructive war in history did not waver the Soviet's opinion of the IS-3 however, and the Soviet command had the 52 IS-3 tanks from the 2nd Guards Tank Army paraded in the Berlin Victory Parade on September 7, 1945.<ref name="ZalogaIS" /> The reveal of the IS-3 in the parade came as a huge shock to the Western Allies who saw the IS-3 as a nigh-invulnerable breakthrough tank with their heavy armour. The response to the tank was there to develop their own heavy tanks able to do the same job and with a gun able to fight the IS-3, such as the British [[Conqueror|Conqueror]] and the American [[M103|M103]] heavy tanks. Despite its very ominous stature, the IS-3 was still plagued with mechanical issues at this point with its poor armour quality and mechanical reliability. A short modernization program from 1948 to 1952 was made to fix these issues with tanks in production and in the depots with no change to the name designation. The IS-3 was then modernized further in the 1960s to keep it up with changing times. The modifications done were similar to the IS-2M, which gave the IS-3 extra external fuel tanks, storage bins, and protective side skirts as well as an improved engine, engine filtration, new radios, new machine guns, new gun optics, and many more small changes. The modernized IS-3 was named the ''IS-3M''.<ref name="ZalogaIS" />

One of the few actions the IS-3 saw in the post-war era with the Soviet Union was in 1956 during the Hungarian Revolution with a single heavy tank regiment. The Soviet's heavy tank regiments used to consist of 21 heavy tanks during World War II. In 1947, the regiment composition is changed to between 44-46 heavy tanks and 21 heavy assault guns in a mixed formation. Another change between 1958-1959 saw this mixed unit changed to consist of only heavy tanks but now consists of up to 100 heavy tanks. Despite their armour, a number of heavy tanks were lost before the Soviets were able to crush the revolution. The IS-3 after that did not see much action afterwards in the Soviet Union's hands before it started to be replaced by the newer [[T-10M|T-10]] heavy tank in the 1960s. During this time, many heavy tanks were transported to the border between the Soviet Union and China in face of the rising tension between the two countries.<ref name="ZalogaIS" />

The IS-3 would also be supplied to the Soviet Union's allies such as Poland, Czechoslovakia, North Korea, and Egypt. Poland and Czechoslovakia never adopted the tank after trials however, thus leaving only North Korea and Egypt as the main foreign users of the IS-3. The Egyptians used the IS-3M, 100 of which were received from the Soviets, against the Israelis in the Six-Day War in 1967. Of all the tanks used in that war, the IS-3M was the most feared by the Israelis due to the thick front armour. Israeli infantry's standard anti-tank weaponry could not penetrate through the front, and tanks as modern as the [[M48A1|M48 Patton]] also could not defeat the IS-3M. Nevertheless, the better tactics and training among the Israeli tank units were able to prevail against the IS-3M, with the IS-3 being commented by the Egyptians for its low rate of fire and outdated fire-controls to the crew's deficiency in combat. Of the 100, 73 tanks were lost during the Six-Day War. The Israeli managed to capture a number of IS-3 and pressed them into service, though only for a short period before its faults become more problematic than its benefits. The engine on the IS-3 proved to be unsuitable in the desert climate of the Middle East, and an attempt by the Israeli to alleviate this by replacing the engine with one from the [[T-54 (1951)|T-54]], though this did not prove fruitful. In the Yom Kippur War in 1973, both the Egyptians and Israeli used the IS-3M to a smaller degree than the Six Day War, the IS-3 not seeing much combat in the Egyptian forces and were used as dug-in pillboxes on the Jordan River by the Israelis.<ref name="ZalogaIS" />

===Decline and Discontinuation===
With the introduction of the lighter and more mobile [[T-54 (1951)|T-54]] main battle tank in the 1950s, the IS-3 saw less usage among the Soviet front-line as it started to become obsolete. Further development to improve and continue the IS tank series became the [[IS-4M|IS-4]], IS-7, and the [[T-10M|T-10]] tanks. However, in 1960, Nikita Khrushchev, the new premier of the Soviet Union after Stalin died, ordered heavy tank production to be terminated in wake of a new military strategy of missiles rather than conventional forces.<ref name="ZalogaIS" /> His orders are not without reason, heavy tanks are difficult to maintain and transport across the huge Soviet Union, which also did not have many bridges that could support a heavy tank. Another reason was the changing anti-tank technology that made tank armour extremely vulnerable, especially against the new anti-tank missiles that are becoming more and more efficient at their task in destroying tanks. Still, the order did not mean the dissolution of heavy tank units as by 1978, there were still up to 2,300 heavy tanks in the Far East. To this day, many heavy tanks are still either in inactive reserves or dug in as pillboxes along the borders of the Soviet Union.<ref name="ZalogaIS" /> The heavy tank's place in the Soviet Union's military was replaced by the main battle tanks (MBT) like the T-64, which presented a much better firepower, armour, and mobility for only a weight of 35 tons, a technological sign on the rising prevalence of the MBT.

=== In-game description ===
In spite of the fact that the IS-2 lived up to expectations, a decision was made a year after the end of the war to create a tank with even higher characteristics. Its unique welded hull and cast turret construction significantly increased its armour strength in comparison to the IS-2, from which it took many key parts and components.

The hull was welded together from rolled armour plates and contained no cast armour pieces. The dual-sloping inclined nose design allowed a driver's hatch to be placed in it, significantly improved visibility in the field and provided high armour strength to the frontal hull. For increased fire safety, its fuel tanks were moved from the fighting compartment to the engine compartment. It was armed with a 122 mm D-25T cannon with a coaxial 7.62 mm DT machine gun. The turret's roof was equipped with a 12.7 mm DShK anti-aircraft machine gun. It had no bow or rear machine guns.

At the beginning of their deployment, a range of flaws resulting from a number of design errors and miscalculations was revealed in these tanks. Among other issues, these included failures in the engine, gearbox, and parts of the armoured hull in the region of the engine compartment. In 1948-1952, all IS-3 tanks were reworked and modernised. The engine brackets were reinforced, the gearbox fixings changed, the underturret plate strengthened, the main friction coupling design updated, and the sealing enhanced on the final drive and road wheels. The 10-RK radio set was replaced with the 10-RT radio set. These changes increased the tank's mass to 48.8 tonnes.

The first experimental group of IS-3 heavy tanks left their factories in 1945. In total, 2,311 of them were made by mid-1946.
They were not deployed in combat in the Great Patriotic War. There are some indications that the IS-3 was used in the defeat of the Japanese army in August 1945.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_is_3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|_-YJo8JRBEM|'''Shooting Range #190''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 1:00 discusses the IS-3.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* Tanks of a similar role
* M103
** Conqueror
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/2948--en|[Vehicle Profile] IS-3]]

=== References ===
<references />

{{USSR heavy tanks}}

Na-To

2022-02-22T04:39:42Z

U111970762: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=jp_type_5_na_to
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' ({{Annotation|試製七糎半対戦車自走砲「ナト」|Shisei-Nana-Senchimētoru Hantai-Sensha Jisōhō [Na-To]}}) is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced along with the initial Japanese Ground Forces tree in [[Update 1.65 "Way of the Samurai"]].

The Type 5 Na-To is a rather traditional tank destroyer of a simple vehicle chassis with a gun pasted on top. It is highly vulnerable to many battlefield weapons due to its weak overall armour, but if it can get the jump on an enemy, it can wreck havoc. Thus, one should not play the Na-To as a front-line weapon but as a sniper far back behind the front lines. This will ensure the Na-To will not become a priority target and also to maximize the gun's long-range capacity to take out targets. Watch frequently traveled roads and choke points for enemy, then blast them away before retreating to reload in case they are still active after the first shot.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mount)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 12 mm (25°) ''Front'' 12 mm (52°) ''Bottom'' 8 mm (83°) ''Engine deck'' 12 mm (6°) ''Driver's plate'' || 12 mm || 4 mm (1°) ''Top'' 8.5 mm (46°) ''Bottom'' || 8 mm
|-
| Gun mount || 12 mm (21°) ''Gun mount'' 30 mm (6-73°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 12 mm (26°) || N/A || N/A
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels and tracks are both 15 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 8.5 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=234|rbMinHp=146}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Lightweight Type I Model II (75 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Lightweight Type I Model II (75 mm)|75 mm Lightweight Type I Model II]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 40 || rowspan="2" | -8°/+19° || rowspan="2" | ±20° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 5.28 || 7.31 || 8.88 || 9.82 || 10.45 || rowspan="2" | 7.67 || rowspan="2" | 6.79 || rowspan="2" | 6.25 || rowspan="2" | 5.90
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 3.57 || 4.20 || 5.10 || 5.64 || 6.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| Type 1 APHE || APHE || 140 || 137 || 125 || 111 || 99 || 88
|-
| Type 4 APCR || APCR || 177 || 175 || 151 || 127 || 108 || 91
|-
| Type 90 HE || HE || 8 || 8 || 8 || 8 || 8 || 8
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| Type 1 APHE || APHE || 830 || 6.56 || 1.3 || 15 || 84.8 || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| Type 4 APCR || APCR || 930 || 4.15 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| Type 90 HE || HE || 830 || 6.17 || 0 || 0.1 || 490 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x200px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''40''' || 21 ''(+19)'' || 1 ''(+39)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Note''':

* Left side empty: 21 ''(+19)'' shells.

== Usage in battles ==

With the [[Lightweight Type I Model II (75 mm)|Lightweight Type I Model II tank gun]], the Na-To presents a lethal gun that can penetrate all the the tanks at its 3.3 BR range. Assuming it is not upped by another vehicle in the line-up with a higher BR, the worst heavy tank the Na-To could face are the Soviet [[KV-1S]] and British [[Churchill Mk III]], both with front armour easily penetrable by the Na-To's 75 mm gun at standard ranges without taking angling into consideration. However, the thin armour of the Na-To does mean that any tank it faces could defeat the Na-To, so always get the first shot off at the enemy.

Playing the Na-To as a sniper support from a long distance from the front-line will provide the Na-To increased survivability and also potentially more targets to aim at than with its limited traverse arc up close. If long range is not possible, keep the Na-To stationed at a cover's corner watching an enemy's frequented area. As soon as one shows up, blast away before retreating to cover.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High penetrating 75 mm cannon can pretty much destroy any vehicle in its BR range.
* Gun can traverse a rather wide angle to the side.
* Six-man crew can provide some degree of crew loss before a crew knockout occurs.
* Rear ammo racks can lessen the chance of front penetrations detonating it.
* Excellent reloading speed for a gun of such high penetration and damage.
* The armour is sometimes too thin for APHE fuses to go off, causing little to no damage inside the vehicle.

'''Cons:'''

* Large vehicle, large target.
* Paper-thin armour of overall 12 mm.
* Reloads are rather long.
* Front engine an easy target that will immobilize vehicle if hit.
* Open-top crew compartment exposes crew to artillery and airstrikes.
* All the crew are rather lined up, leading to shells able to knock out 2-4 crew members at a time.
* Two prominent ammo racks on the rear sides of the cabin, easy targets to ammo-rack kill.

== History ==

The Type 5 Na-to was a tank destroyer based on the Type 4 Chi-So armored medium tracked carrier developed in 1945. It used a 75 mm tank gun, known as the Type I 75 mm. This was a lighter version of the Type II 75 mm tank gun used by the Chi-To and Chi-Ri.

The Na-To had two prototypes, known simply as the Na-To I and Na-To II. The Na-To I used a variant of the Type I 75 mm gun known as the "Type 1 75 mm Model I". The Na-To II used the Type I 75 mm Model II.

Following trials, the Na-To II was selected over the Na-To I to be mass-produced. An order was placed for 200 vehicles to be made, but by the end of the war only 70 of them were started, with none reaching completion.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=jp_type_5_na_to Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:Type_5_Na-To|[Wikipedia] Type 5 Na-To]]

{{Japan tank destroyers}}

AMX-50 Surblinde

2022-02-14T06:02:26Z

U111970762: /* Description */

{{About
|about= French heavy tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage= other versions
|link= AMX-50 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=fr_amx_50_surblinde
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=AMX 50 Surblindé (France)
|display_name=AMX-50 Surblindé
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} French heavy tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.89 "Imperial Navy"]] as a reward for the World War [[Season 1: Recon under fire]].

It and has the distinction of being the first gift vehicle of the French tech tree. Member of the French AMX-50 tanks family, it is very similar to the [[AMX-50 Surbaisse|AMX-50 Surbaissé]]. Compared to it, it is lower, has a more protected turret armour and has a 20 mm MG 151 canon at the top, which is very efficient against aircraft and lightly armoured targets. Anyway, it is also heavier and doesn't have smoke grenades launchers compared to the Surbaissé.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, suspended part of the turret, turret roof)
* Cast homogeneous armour (turret base and front, gun mantlet, driver's hatch, cupola, exhaust pipe cover)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 110 mm (48°) ''Front glacis'' 50 mm (71°) ''Driver's hatch'' 100 mm (59°) ''Lower glacis'' 100 mm (40°) ''Front cheeks'' || 75 mm (12°) ''Top'' 60 mm ''Bottom'' || 60 mm (1°) ''Upper plate'' 60 mm (31°) ''Lower glacis'' || 30 mm 5 mm ''Radiator vents''
|-
| Turret || 85 mm (47-52°) ''Turret front'' 100 mm (cylindrical) ''Turret base'' 300 mm ''Barrel base'' || 100 mm (cylindrical) ''Turret base'' 85 mm (cylindrical) ''Barrel base'' 60 mm ''Turret pivot link'' 40 mm (cylindrical) ''Turret pivot underside'' 40 mm ''Suspended part'' 30 mm (72°) ''Suspended part underside'' || 20 mm (1-34°) ''Suspended part'' 40 mm (cylindrical) ''Turret pivot underside'' 30 mm (78°) ''Suspended part underside'' || 20 mm
|-
| Commander cupola || 110 mm (cylindrical) ''Base'' 40 mm (spherical) ''Dome'' || colspan="2" style="text-align:center" | 40 mm (7-12°) || 40 mm (11-20°) 40 mm (spherical) ''Dome''
|-
| MG cupola || 40 mm (58-61°) || colspan="2" style="text-align:center" | 40 mm (spherical) || 40 mm (2-32°)
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick while tracks are 30 mm thick. Suspension wheels are interleaved and thus overlap in some areas.
* Hull undersides above tracks are 20 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,291|rbMinHp=884}}

The {{PAGENAME}} has a very good speed (around 40 km/h on flat land when fully upgraded) for a super heavy tank, which allows a fast deployment on the battlefield aside medium and modern tanks. The manoeuvrability is also good and allows the player to drive easily in an urban environment.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|SA46 (120 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[SA46 (120 mm)|120 mm SA46]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 50 || rowspan="2" | -6°/+10° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 19.4 || 26.9 || 32.6 || 36.1 || 38.4 || rowspan="2" | 6.00 || rowspan="2" | 6.00 || rowspan="2" | 6.00 || rowspan="2" | 6.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.3 || 16.8 || 20.4 || 22.6 || 24.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| 120 mm Obus de rupture || APBC || 301 || 298 || 286 || 272 || 258 || 245
|-
| 120 mm Obus explosif || HE || 39 || 39 || 39 || 39 || 39 || 39
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 120 mm Obus de rupture || APBC || 1,067 || 23.1 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| 120 mm Obus explosif || HE || 762 || 22.84 || 0 || 0.1 || 4,650 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''50''' || 47 ''(+3)'' || 43 ''(+7)'' || 39 ''(+11)'' || 34 ''(+16)'' || 29 ''(+21)'' || 23 ''(+27)'' || 19 ''(+31)'' || 1 ''(+49)'' || Yes
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* The visual discrepancy concerns the crossed out shell: it is modeled but can't be fired.
* Rack 8 (autoloader magazine) is a first stage ammo rack. It totals 18 shells.
** This rack gets filled first when loading up the tank and is also emptied first.
** As the {{PAGENAME}} is equipped with an autoloader, manual reloading of the gun is not possible.
** Once the autoloader magazines have been depleted, you can't shoot until the loader has restocked the autoloader. The restocking time is longer than the normal reload time of the gun. Take this into account when playing.
** Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from racks 1 to 7 into rack 8. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready racks.
** The depletion order at full capacity is: 8 - 1 - 2 up to 7.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)|MAC 31 (7.5 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG 151 (20 mm)|20 mm MG 151]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 500 (250) || 700 || -5°/+80° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MAC 31 (7.5 mm)|7.5 mm MAC 31]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,000 (150) || 551 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful 120 mm gun, a shot can pen a target protected with an armour of about 300 mm
* Loading time is very short (6.0s), thanks to the autoloader
* Probably the most mobile super-heavy tank of the game, a careful commander can perform
* Very fast, can reach to 51 km/h on flat terrain

'''Cons:'''

* One shot in the turret can make the tank explode: up to 18 shells are stored at the back of the turret

== History ==


=== Start of the project ===
In July 1945, in the aftermath of liberation, the general staff of the French armed forces expressed the need for a heavy tank of national design. In view of the rise of tensions with the USSR and with the balance sheets drawn from the last world conflict, the French Army presented a precise specification of what was to be the future main tank of the army. The tank was to be comparable on several points to already existing machines. Indeed, it was requested armament of a minimum power equivalent to the gun of 88 mm German Tiger II. It was also asked for a shield equivalent to that of the Panther and mobility close to that of the T-34.

=== The AMX-50 ''Surblindé'' ===
In 1955, an AMX 50 ''Surblindé'' (over-armoured) is produced, able to measure itself against the most powerful machines then in service. A variant of the [[AMX-50 Surbaissé|AMX-50 ''Surbaissé'']] with a reinforced armour, the front armour shape is inspired by Russian tanks IS-3 or T10. The weight of this prototype reached about 60 tons.

=== Abandonment of the project ===
The tests carried out indicated a tank superior to its American and Soviet counterparts that were M26 Pershing and IS-3 respectively. But the Americans did not want to finance a project that would not be adopted. It was, therefore, necessary that the two countries, France and West Germany, adopt the tank so that its development continues. If France seemed ready to accept the project, it was not the case of West Germany which was inspired by the doctrines of the former general Heinz Guderian, a supporter of lighter and faster tanks. In addition, the development of new technologies and capabilities in the field of missiles and hollow-shell shells would render the massive tank armour obsolete and unsuitable for future large-scale conflict.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=fr_amx_50_surblinde Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[AMX-50 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6186-development-amx-50-surblind%C3%A9-french-powerlifter-en|[Devblog] AMX-50 Surblindé: French Powerlifter]]

{{TankManufacturer AMX}}
{{France heavy tanks}}

Ki-102 otsu

2022-02-08T06:35:27Z

U111970762: /* Offensive armament */

{{Specs-Card
|code=ki_102_otsu
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese twin-engine fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.35]]. The Allied reporting name for this aircraft was "Randy".

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The {{PAGENAME}} has a decent speed advantage over most enemy planes in a straight line or dive and very good climb rate. The climb rate is typically better than almost every aircraft it will come up to combat against. As with most Japanese heavy fighters, it is a very fast aircraft. The aircraft is as manoeuvrable as you would expect from a heavy fighter, though quite sluggish in a turn compared to a single engine aircraft. The {{PAGENAME}} has good acceleration in a dive due to its two powerful engines and increased weight and decent acceleration when travelling in a straight line.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 1,900 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 555 || 537 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.5 || 26.1 || 15.4 || 15.4 || rowspan="2" | 450
|-
! Upgraded
| 608 || 580 || 23.6 || 24.5 || 24.9 || 19.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 437 || 408 || 260 || ~9 || ~7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 360 || < 400 || < 400 || > 312
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 2,000 m || 1,350 hp || 1,620 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,800 m || 1,250 hp || 1,500 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8 mm steel behind 57 mm cannon
* 8 mm steel on both sides of pilot
* 8 mm steel behind pilot's head
* 8 mm steel on both sides of gunner
* 12 mm steel around 57 mm gun barrel
* 12 mm steel behind pilot
* 12 mm steel in front of fuselage-mounted fuel tank
* 12 mm steel behind fuselage-mounted fuel tank
* 12 mm steel in front of gunner*
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 in central fuselage, 3 in each wing)

<nowiki>*</nowiki>Note that the gunner is rear-facing

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Ho-401 army (57 mm)|Ho-5 army (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 57 mm Ho-401 army cannon, nose-mounted (16 rpg)
* 2 x 20 mm Ho-5 army cannons, chin-mounted (200 rpg = 400 total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|Ho-104 army (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 12.7 mm Ho-104 army machine gun, dorsal turret (500 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in an aircraft, the features of using vehicles in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil
! Water
! Type
|-
| Controllable || rowspan="2" | Controllable Auto control available || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Controllable Not auto controlled || rowspan="2" | Separate || rowspan="2" | Controllable 2 gears || rowspan="2" | Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful 57 mm cannon
* Self-sealing fuel tanks and decent survivability, unlike many Japanese aircraft

'''Cons:'''

* Weak defensive armament
* Rather slow for its BR

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ki_102_otsu Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Similar aircraft fitted with a 57 mm gun

* [[Mosquito FB Mk XVIII]]
* [[T18B-2]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/303477-kawasaki-ki-102-otsu/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Kawasaki}}
{{Japan twin-engine fighters and attackers}}

Kfir C.7

2022-02-07T06:46:06Z

U111970762: /* Flight performance */

{{Specs-Card
|code=kfir_c7
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Israeli jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Winged Lions"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Aircraft has incredible acceleration, even faster then the MIG-23MLDhttps://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=MIG-23MLD &action=edit&section=3#. The plane can also turn quite well, but it is not recommended to turn while in combat as the delta wing configuration will bleed a lot of speed as a slow jet is as good as a dead jet. However, you can regain that speed rather quickly so if you can dodge gun and missile passes you can do so.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 10,668 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,322 || 2,272 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 28.3 || 29.0 || 183.9 || 172.1 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| 2,457 || 2,388 || 26.0 || 27.0 || 268.9 || 224.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || X || X || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || N/A || ~__ || ~__
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < ___ || < ___ || < ___ || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | Basic mass || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | General Electric J79-GE-J1E || 1
| colspan="2" | _,___ kg || colspan="2" | ___ kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! _m fuel || __m fuel || __m fuel
|-
| 1,750 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
| _,___ kg || _,___ kg || _,___ kg || _,___ kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (___%/WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || ___%/WEP
! _m fuel || __m fuel || __m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 4890 kgf || 8460 kgf
| _.__ || _.__ || _.__ || _.__
|-
| ''Optimal'' || ___ kgf (_ km/h) || ___ kgf (_ km/h)
| _.__ || _.__ || _.__ || _.__
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The Kfir lacks any armor surrounding the pilots, making HE hits (missiles and cannons) able to penetrate and hit the pilot with ease.

Survivability of the Kfir is far greater than any of its contemporaries even though it lacks armour. The Kfir can sustain black fuselage damage, and ripped wings can have more than enough control authority to return back home and repair.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|DEFA 552A (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons, belly-mounted (125 rpg = 250 total)
** 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons (125 rpg = 250 total) + 32 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|LDGP Mk 82 (500 lb)|M117 cone 45 (750 lb)|LDGP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)|LDGP Mk 84 (2,000 lb)}}
{{main|AIM-9D Sidewinder|AIM-9G Sidewinder|Shafrir 2}}
{{main|FFAR Mighty Mouse|Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP|M61 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x Shafrir 2 missiles
* 4 x Shafrir 2 missiles
* 4 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles
* 16 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (8,000 lb total)
* 16 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 2 x Shafrir 2 missiles (8,000 lb total)
* 16 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 2 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles (8,000 lb total)
* 16 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles (8,000 lb total)
* 10 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 4 x Shafrir 2 missiles (5,000 lb total)
* 10 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 4 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles (5,000 lb total)
* 10 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 4 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles (5,000 lb total)
* 9 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (9,000 lb total)
* 9 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs + 2 x Shafrir 2 missiles (9,000 lb total)
* 9 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs + 2 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles (9,000 lb total)
* 9 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs + 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles (9,000 lb total)
* 5 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs + 4 x Shafrir 2 missiles (5,000 lb total)
* 5 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs + 4 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles (5,000 lb total)
* 5 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs + 4 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles (5,000 lb total)
* 10 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (7,500 lb total)
* 10 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs + 2 x Shafrir 2 missiles (7,500 lb total)
* 10 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs + 2 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles (7,500 lb total)
* 10 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs + 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles (7,500 lb total)
* 6 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs + 4 x Shafrir 2 missiles (4,500 lb total)
* 6 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs + 4 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles (4,500 lb total)
* 6 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs + 4 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles (4,500 lb total)
* 2 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 2 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bombs + 2 x Shafrir 2 missiles (4,000 lb total)
* 2 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bombs + 2 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles (4,000 lb total)
* 2 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bombs + 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles (4,000 lb total)
* 2 x 20 mm M61 cannons (1,200 rpg = 2,400 total)
* 2 x 20 mm M61 cannons (1,200 rpg = 2,400 total) + 2 x Shafrir 2 missiles
* 2 x 20 mm M61 cannons (1,200 rpg = 2,400 total) + 2 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles
* 2 x 20 mm M61 cannons (1,200 rpg = 2,400 total) + 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles
* 24 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets
* 24 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets + 2 x Shafrir 2 missiles
* 24 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets + 2 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles
* 24 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets + 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles
* 114 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 114 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets + 2 x Shafrir 2 missiles
* 114 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets + 2 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles
* 114 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets + 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles
* 10 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 24 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets (5,000 lb total)
* 10 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 24 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets + 2 x Shafrir 2 missiles (5,000 lb total)
* 10 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 24 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets + 2 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles (5,000 lb total)
* 10 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 24 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets + 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles (5,000 lb total)
* 10 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 114 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets (5,000 lb total)
* 10 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 114 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets + 2 x Shafrir 2 missiles (5,000 lb total)
* 10 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 114 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets + 2 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles (5,000 lb total)
* 10 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 114 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets + 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles (5,000 lb total)

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

'''SB:'''

The Kfir is a phenomenal support fighter.

Due to its lack of radar and low countermeasure count at EC7 you do not want to spear head any fight. Your best way to play the plane is to stay 1-2 grid squares away from the main battle and wait for people call out enemies or for you to spot dog fights.

The Kfir's top speed will grant you the ability to close distances on targets and rescue team mates with ease. While its high alpha capabilities and strong air frame will allow you to slot into enemies tail's if needed.

The Kfir will begin to wing rip at 750 knots IAS. This is displayed on the left of your HUD allowing you to easily manage your speed without excessive head movement or taking your eyes off your target.

The AIM-9G locking is at the bottom of your HUD, this can be difficult to learn, but once you do, it is not a big issue.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great flight dynamics and characteristics.
* Amazing control authority at any speed.
* Above average acceleration below Mach 1, and one of the fastest acceleration in the game above Mach 1.
* Extremely fast, especially at high altitudes.
* Large variety of weapons.
* Has AIM-9Gs which could out-turn the AIM-9J over short distances.
* Can carry additional 2 x 20 mm Vulcan gunpods.

'''Cons:'''

* Limited gun ranging radar which does not track or lock enemies.
* Delta wing configuration bleeds airspeed fairly quickly while in a steep high G turn.
* 32x countermeasures can be quickly used up especially if split 50/50 between chaff and flares.
* Missiles are pointed down requiring you to pull alpha or be above the target to get a lock.
* No radar or radar-guided armaments.
* No armor surrounding the cockpit allows missiles and HE rounds to easily hit your pilot.

== History ==


In the 1960s, French and Israeli engineers worked together to develop the [[Mirage 5F|Dassault Mirage 5]], successor to the [[Mirage IIICJ|Mirage III]], tailored specifically to the requirements of the Israeli Air Force (IAF). Israel funded a large part of the project by purchasing a total of 50 aircraft in advance of their production. The deal eventually fell through when France enacted an arms embargo on Israel following its preemptive strike at the start of the 1967 Six-Day War - an action that the French had explicitly warned Israel not to take. Though Israel was eventually reimbursed for its payments, the Mirage 5 was never supplied.

To circumvent the embargo, Israel collaborated with the Dassault Aviation company to smuggle blueprints and materials out of France to construct their own copy of the Mirage 5 - the [[Nesher|IAI Nesher]]. One of the most successful air superiority fighters of all time, the Nesher scored a staggering 111:3 kill ratio during the Yom Kippur War of 1973. This not only proved the merits of the Mirage 5's design, but also proved that Israel was now capable of manufacturing warplanes locally. This fact was of utmost importance to the Israelis: up until that point they had been completely dependent on the French to supply their aircraft, and were now left orphaned due to the embargo.

Thanks to a gradual warming of relations with the United States, the IAF could begin arming itself with [[A-4H (Israel)|A-4H]] and [[F-4E Phantom II (Israel)|F-4E Phantom II]] jets, which served mostly as ground attackers; but neither could replace the Nesher as an air superiority fighter. With the looming threat of more advanced Soviet fighters entering service in the Arab air forces, Israel was keenly aware that the Nesher could not remain the top dog for long. Israel's response to this threat was to begin development of an advanced fighter jet based on the Mirage 5 design - one that could be manufactured ''from scratch'' in Israel.

A major factor in the design of the new plane was its engine. Israel had already acquired a license to produce the powerful General Electric J79 turbojet - the engine used in the F-4E. Thus, it was decided that the new Mirage 5 variant would be built entirely around this engine. This required several major changes to the airframe, primarily a redesign of the fuselage and enlargement of the air intakes (even adding a small cooling intake in the tail). As per their usual doctrine, the Israelis also installed a completely new advanced avionics package into the cockpit, altering it significantly. Another, more noticeable feature was the addition of two small canards on either side of the intakes.

The resulting aircraft, the ''IAI Kfir'' ("Lion Cub"), entered service in 1975. However, its primacy in the IAF was supplanted almost immediately by the arrival of the first F-15s in late 1976, and later by the F-16s. The Kfir was therefore relegated to a fighter-bomber role during the 1982 Lebanon War.

The Kfir C.7, being the third and most advanced variant of the Kfir in IAF service, was designed to fit the aircraft's new role "underneath" the F-15 and F-16. It was built more robustly, and carried a stronger version of the J79 engine that could help it take off with a heavier payload. It had additional hardpoints for carrying extra munitions, and much larger canards than the original design. All Kfir C.7s were in fact upgraded Kfir C.2s, rather than brand new planes.

Despite being originally designed as an air superiority jet, the Kfir only scored a single aerial kill throughout its service in the IAF. Its last action in the IAF occurred during the 1993 Operation Accountability, after which it was gradually removed from service. An export version of the plane, however, was sold to Colombia, Ecuador and Sri Lanka, and still serves in their air forces in 2021, with constant upgrades. The plane took part in combat once again during the (1983-2009) Sri Lankan Civil War from 1996 after introducing the Kfir to it's Air Force.

=== [[wt:en/news/7466-development-kfir-c-7-the-sharp-clawed-lion-cub-en|Devblog]] ===
Immediately after the Six-Day-War, France imposed an arms export embargo on Israel, acutely highlighting the nation's dependence on foreign suppliers of military equipment. Despite the embargo, Israel managed to obtain documentation for the Mirage 5J version, which was developed specifically for the Israeli Air Force before the ban. These aircraft were produced commercially under the name IAI Nesher. But due to the end of supplies from France, Israel turned to the U.S. for assistance, procuring a number of new F-4 Phantom II and A-4 Skyhawk aircraft for its air force. However, when the air force compared the Nesher with the new F-4 Phantom, it realized that the Mirage was falling behind in several aspects. Therefore, plans to outfit Neshers with licence-built Phantom II engines - the General Electric J79 - were drawn up and soon afterward realized with the Kfir (Hebrew for “Lion Cub”).

Entering serial production in 1975 and subsequently being commissioned into service with the 101st, 113th and 109th squadrons of the Israeli Air Force, the Kfir first saw combat action in November 1977. While the aircraft performed well and was also well-liked by its pilots, the modification did increase the weight of the aircraft, negatively impacting some of its flight characteristics. Israeli engineers solved the issue by outfitting the Kfir with fixed canards on the forward section of the fuselage.

The Kfir C.7 is a later modification of the aircraft, resulting from continuous efforts of Israeli engineers to further develop the Kfir. The new version featured numerous improvements, including a more powerful afterburner, increased payload and weapon selection as well as new avionics and cockpit arrangement. The Kfir C.7 entered service in 1983 and would remain in active service until the early 1990s before being officially decommissioned by the Israeli Air Force. Subsequently, some units were sold on the export market to Columbia and Sri Lanka where they saw active combat during the Sri Lankan Civil War.

== Media ==


;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|ERLptF1Nsps|'''The Shooting Range #286''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:36 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


* [[Nesher]]
* [[Mirage 5F]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7466-development-kfir-c-7-the-sharp-clawed-lion-cub-en|[Devblog] Kfir C.7: The Sharp-Clawed Lion Cub]]

{{AirManufacturer IAI}}
{{Israel jet aircraft}}

Kfir C.7

2022-02-07T06:44:50Z

U111970762: /* Flight performance */

{{Specs-Card
|code=kfir_c7
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Israeli jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Winged Lions"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Aircraft has incredible acceleration, even faster then the MIG-23MLD. The plane can also turn quite well, but it is not recommended to turn while in combat as the delta wing configuration will bleed a lot of speed as a slow jet is as good as a dead jet. However, you can regain that speed rather quickly so if you can dodge gun and missile passes you can do so.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 10,668 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,322 || 2,272 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 28.3 || 29.0 || 183.9 || 172.1 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| 2,457 || 2,388 || 26.0 || 27.0 || 268.9 || 224.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || X || X || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || N/A || ~__ || ~__
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < ___ || < ___ || < ___ || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | Basic mass || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | General Electric J79-GE-J1E || 1
| colspan="2" | _,___ kg || colspan="2" | ___ kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! _m fuel || __m fuel || __m fuel
|-
| 1,750 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
| _,___ kg || _,___ kg || _,___ kg || _,___ kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (___%/WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || ___%/WEP
! _m fuel || __m fuel || __m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 4890 kgf || 8460 kgf
| _.__ || _.__ || _.__ || _.__
|-
| ''Optimal'' || ___ kgf (_ km/h) || ___ kgf (_ km/h)
| _.__ || _.__ || _.__ || _.__
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The Kfir lacks any armor surrounding the pilots, making HE hits (missiles and cannons) able to penetrate and hit the pilot with ease.

Survivability of the Kfir is far greater than any of its contemporaries even though it lacks armour. The Kfir can sustain black fuselage damage, and ripped wings can have more than enough control authority to return back home and repair.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|DEFA 552A (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons, belly-mounted (125 rpg = 250 total)
** 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons (125 rpg = 250 total) + 32 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|LDGP Mk 82 (500 lb)|M117 cone 45 (750 lb)|LDGP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)|LDGP Mk 84 (2,000 lb)}}
{{main|AIM-9D Sidewinder|AIM-9G Sidewinder|Shafrir 2}}
{{main|FFAR Mighty Mouse|Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP|M61 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x Shafrir 2 missiles
* 4 x Shafrir 2 missiles
* 4 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles
* 16 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (8,000 lb total)
* 16 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 2 x Shafrir 2 missiles (8,000 lb total)
* 16 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 2 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles (8,000 lb total)
* 16 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles (8,000 lb total)
* 10 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 4 x Shafrir 2 missiles (5,000 lb total)
* 10 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 4 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles (5,000 lb total)
* 10 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 4 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles (5,000 lb total)
* 9 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (9,000 lb total)
* 9 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs + 2 x Shafrir 2 missiles (9,000 lb total)
* 9 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs + 2 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles (9,000 lb total)
* 9 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs + 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles (9,000 lb total)
* 5 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs + 4 x Shafrir 2 missiles (5,000 lb total)
* 5 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs + 4 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles (5,000 lb total)
* 5 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs + 4 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles (5,000 lb total)
* 10 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (7,500 lb total)
* 10 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs + 2 x Shafrir 2 missiles (7,500 lb total)
* 10 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs + 2 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles (7,500 lb total)
* 10 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs + 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles (7,500 lb total)
* 6 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs + 4 x Shafrir 2 missiles (4,500 lb total)
* 6 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs + 4 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles (4,500 lb total)
* 6 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs + 4 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles (4,500 lb total)
* 2 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 2 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bombs + 2 x Shafrir 2 missiles (4,000 lb total)
* 2 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bombs + 2 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles (4,000 lb total)
* 2 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bombs + 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles (4,000 lb total)
* 2 x 20 mm M61 cannons (1,200 rpg = 2,400 total)
* 2 x 20 mm M61 cannons (1,200 rpg = 2,400 total) + 2 x Shafrir 2 missiles
* 2 x 20 mm M61 cannons (1,200 rpg = 2,400 total) + 2 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles
* 2 x 20 mm M61 cannons (1,200 rpg = 2,400 total) + 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles
* 24 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets
* 24 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets + 2 x Shafrir 2 missiles
* 24 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets + 2 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles
* 24 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets + 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles
* 114 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 114 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets + 2 x Shafrir 2 missiles
* 114 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets + 2 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles
* 114 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets + 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles
* 10 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 24 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets (5,000 lb total)
* 10 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 24 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets + 2 x Shafrir 2 missiles (5,000 lb total)
* 10 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 24 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets + 2 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles (5,000 lb total)
* 10 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 24 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets + 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles (5,000 lb total)
* 10 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 114 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets (5,000 lb total)
* 10 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 114 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets + 2 x Shafrir 2 missiles (5,000 lb total)
* 10 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 114 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets + 2 x AIM-9D Sidewinder missiles (5,000 lb total)
* 10 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs + 114 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets + 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles (5,000 lb total)

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

'''SB:'''

The Kfir is a phenomenal support fighter.

Due to its lack of radar and low countermeasure count at EC7 you do not want to spear head any fight. Your best way to play the plane is to stay 1-2 grid squares away from the main battle and wait for people call out enemies or for you to spot dog fights.

The Kfir's top speed will grant you the ability to close distances on targets and rescue team mates with ease. While its high alpha capabilities and strong air frame will allow you to slot into enemies tail's if needed.

The Kfir will begin to wing rip at 750 knots IAS. This is displayed on the left of your HUD allowing you to easily manage your speed without excessive head movement or taking your eyes off your target.

The AIM-9G locking is at the bottom of your HUD, this can be difficult to learn, but once you do, it is not a big issue.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great flight dynamics and characteristics.
* Amazing control authority at any speed.
* Above average acceleration below Mach 1, and one of the fastest acceleration in the game above Mach 1.
* Extremely fast, especially at high altitudes.
* Large variety of weapons.
* Has AIM-9Gs which could out-turn the AIM-9J over short distances.
* Can carry additional 2 x 20 mm Vulcan gunpods.

'''Cons:'''

* Limited gun ranging radar which does not track or lock enemies.
* Delta wing configuration bleeds airspeed fairly quickly while in a steep high G turn.
* 32x countermeasures can be quickly used up especially if split 50/50 between chaff and flares.
* Missiles are pointed down requiring you to pull alpha or be above the target to get a lock.
* No radar or radar-guided armaments.
* No armor surrounding the cockpit allows missiles and HE rounds to easily hit your pilot.

== History ==


In the 1960s, French and Israeli engineers worked together to develop the [[Mirage 5F|Dassault Mirage 5]], successor to the [[Mirage IIICJ|Mirage III]], tailored specifically to the requirements of the Israeli Air Force (IAF). Israel funded a large part of the project by purchasing a total of 50 aircraft in advance of their production. The deal eventually fell through when France enacted an arms embargo on Israel following its preemptive strike at the start of the 1967 Six-Day War - an action that the French had explicitly warned Israel not to take. Though Israel was eventually reimbursed for its payments, the Mirage 5 was never supplied.

To circumvent the embargo, Israel collaborated with the Dassault Aviation company to smuggle blueprints and materials out of France to construct their own copy of the Mirage 5 - the [[Nesher|IAI Nesher]]. One of the most successful air superiority fighters of all time, the Nesher scored a staggering 111:3 kill ratio during the Yom Kippur War of 1973. This not only proved the merits of the Mirage 5's design, but also proved that Israel was now capable of manufacturing warplanes locally. This fact was of utmost importance to the Israelis: up until that point they had been completely dependent on the French to supply their aircraft, and were now left orphaned due to the embargo.

Thanks to a gradual warming of relations with the United States, the IAF could begin arming itself with [[A-4H (Israel)|A-4H]] and [[F-4E Phantom II (Israel)|F-4E Phantom II]] jets, which served mostly as ground attackers; but neither could replace the Nesher as an air superiority fighter. With the looming threat of more advanced Soviet fighters entering service in the Arab air forces, Israel was keenly aware that the Nesher could not remain the top dog for long. Israel's response to this threat was to begin development of an advanced fighter jet based on the Mirage 5 design - one that could be manufactured ''from scratch'' in Israel.

A major factor in the design of the new plane was its engine. Israel had already acquired a license to produce the powerful General Electric J79 turbojet - the engine used in the F-4E. Thus, it was decided that the new Mirage 5 variant would be built entirely around this engine. This required several major changes to the airframe, primarily a redesign of the fuselage and enlargement of the air intakes (even adding a small cooling intake in the tail). As per their usual doctrine, the Israelis also installed a completely new advanced avionics package into the cockpit, altering it significantly. Another, more noticeable feature was the addition of two small canards on either side of the intakes.

The resulting aircraft, the ''IAI Kfir'' ("Lion Cub"), entered service in 1975. However, its primacy in the IAF was supplanted almost immediately by the arrival of the first F-15s in late 1976, and later by the F-16s. The Kfir was therefore relegated to a fighter-bomber role during the 1982 Lebanon War.

The Kfir C.7, being the third and most advanced variant of the Kfir in IAF service, was designed to fit the aircraft's new role "underneath" the F-15 and F-16. It was built more robustly, and carried a stronger version of the J79 engine that could help it take off with a heavier payload. It had additional hardpoints for carrying extra munitions, and much larger canards than the original design. All Kfir C.7s were in fact upgraded Kfir C.2s, rather than brand new planes.

Despite being originally designed as an air superiority jet, the Kfir only scored a single aerial kill throughout its service in the IAF. Its last action in the IAF occurred during the 1993 Operation Accountability, after which it was gradually removed from service. An export version of the plane, however, was sold to Colombia, Ecuador and Sri Lanka, and still serves in their air forces in 2021, with constant upgrades. The plane took part in combat once again during the (1983-2009) Sri Lankan Civil War from 1996 after introducing the Kfir to it's Air Force.

=== [[wt:en/news/7466-development-kfir-c-7-the-sharp-clawed-lion-cub-en|Devblog]] ===
Immediately after the Six-Day-War, France imposed an arms export embargo on Israel, acutely highlighting the nation's dependence on foreign suppliers of military equipment. Despite the embargo, Israel managed to obtain documentation for the Mirage 5J version, which was developed specifically for the Israeli Air Force before the ban. These aircraft were produced commercially under the name IAI Nesher. But due to the end of supplies from France, Israel turned to the U.S. for assistance, procuring a number of new F-4 Phantom II and A-4 Skyhawk aircraft for its air force. However, when the air force compared the Nesher with the new F-4 Phantom, it realized that the Mirage was falling behind in several aspects. Therefore, plans to outfit Neshers with licence-built Phantom II engines - the General Electric J79 - were drawn up and soon afterward realized with the Kfir (Hebrew for “Lion Cub”).

Entering serial production in 1975 and subsequently being commissioned into service with the 101st, 113th and 109th squadrons of the Israeli Air Force, the Kfir first saw combat action in November 1977. While the aircraft performed well and was also well-liked by its pilots, the modification did increase the weight of the aircraft, negatively impacting some of its flight characteristics. Israeli engineers solved the issue by outfitting the Kfir with fixed canards on the forward section of the fuselage.

The Kfir C.7 is a later modification of the aircraft, resulting from continuous efforts of Israeli engineers to further develop the Kfir. The new version featured numerous improvements, including a more powerful afterburner, increased payload and weapon selection as well as new avionics and cockpit arrangement. The Kfir C.7 entered service in 1983 and would remain in active service until the early 1990s before being officially decommissioned by the Israeli Air Force. Subsequently, some units were sold on the export market to Columbia and Sri Lanka where they saw active combat during the Sri Lankan Civil War.

== Media ==


;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|ERLptF1Nsps|'''The Shooting Range #286''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:36 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


* [[Nesher]]
* [[Mirage 5F]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7466-development-kfir-c-7-the-sharp-clawed-lion-cub-en|[Devblog] Kfir C.7: The Sharp-Clawed Lion Cub]]

{{AirManufacturer IAI}}
{{Israel jet aircraft}}

T-44-100

2022-02-07T06:38:25Z

U111970762: /* Specific Enemies Worth Noting */

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_t_44_100
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.57 "Battle March"]]. It is a standard [[T-44]], but with the stronger [[D-10T (100 mm)|100 mm D-10T]] gun, the same one as on the [[SU-100]] and the [[T-54 (1947)|T-54]] tanks.

This is a fast, manoeuvrable with low profile tank that should be played as a brawler, flanker and ambusher. The tank's speed is quite good in Rank IV (compare with previous version [[T-34-85]] and [[Panther A|Panther]] variants) and its gun can compete with [[KwK 43 (88 mm)|88 mm gun]] of [[Tiger II (H)|Tiger II]] (amount of explosive, shell velocity).

This tank isn't suitable for front-line roles because of the lack of armour and gun depression. Moreover, T-44-100 has a fast reverse speed, making it more of a "shoot-and-scoot" vehicle.

The armour isn't very thick, however, it does have the potential to bounce some shots.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull, Turret roof)
* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 90 mm (64°) ''Front glacis'' 90 mm (44°) ''Lower glacis'' || 75 + 6 mm || 45 mm (19°) ''Upper'' 30 mm (73°) ''Lower'' || 15 mm
|-
| Turret || 120 mm (9-58°) ''Turret front'' 110 mm (7-63°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 100 mm (12-21°)|| 75 mm (10°) || 15 mm
|-
! Armour !! Sides !! Roof
|-
| Cupola || 90 mm || 15 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspensions wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick.
* There are tracks giving additional 18 mm of armour on the lower back of the turret.
* Spaced armour is put on the side that gives an additional 6 mm.
* Belly armour is 30 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=806|rbMinHp=460}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

The first modifications you should get are "Parts" and "FPE". The best order for this is Parts → Horizontal Drive → FPE. After you get those, you can grind what you want. It's recommended to get the modifications of the Category "Firepower" and "Protection" first. Because it's a medium tanks you should also get the modifications "Filters", "Transmission" and "Engine" as fast as possible, to have better mobility.

You could do it like this: Parts → Horizontal Drive → FPE → BR-412B → BR-412D → Adjustment of Fire → Crew Replenishment → Filters → Elevation Mechanism → Transmission → Engine → Artillery Support → Brake System → Suspension → Tracks → BR-412P.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|D-10T (100 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[D-10T (100 mm)|100 mm D-10T]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 36 || rowspan="2" | -3°/+18° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 23.8 || 32.9 || 40.0 || 44.2 || 47.1 || rowspan="2" | 13.65 || rowspan="2" | 12.08 || rowspan="2" | 11.13 || rowspan="2" | 10.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.9 || 17.5 || 21.3 || 23.5 || 25.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| BR-412 || APHE || 218 || 212 || 190 || 164 || 143 || 124
|-
| BR-412B || APHEBC || 218 || 215 || 201 || 184 || 169 || 155
|-
| BR-412D || APCBC || 239 || 236 || 220 || 202 || 186 || 170
|-
| BR-412P || APCR || 224 || 216 || 186 || 153 || 127 || 105
|-
| OF-412 || HE || 19 || 19 || 19 || 19 || 19 || 19
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| BR-412 || APHE || 895 || 15.9 || 1.2 || 19 || 100.1 || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| BR-412B || APHEBC || 895 || 15.9 || 1.2 || 19 || 100.1 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| BR-412D || APCBC || 887 || 15.9 || 1.2 || 19 || 93.94 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| BR-412P || APCR || 1,050 || 8.53 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| OF-412 || HE || 900 || 15.6 || 0 || 0.1 || 1,460 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| 3D3 || 880 || 15.6 || 20 || 5 || 25 || 272
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''36''' || 34 ''(+2)'' || 24 ''(+12)'' || 21 ''(+15)'' || 1 ''(+35)'' || No
|-
|}

''Turret empty:'' 24 ''(+12)''

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|DShK (12.7 mm)|DT (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[DShK (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm DShK]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 250 (50) || 600 || -10°/+60° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[DT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm DT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,890 (63) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

=== General Gameplay ===
The T-44-100 is a very versatile tank for its Battle Rating of 7.0. When fully upgraded, it's extremely mobile and decently fast, which allows it to go on flanks and set up ambushes to make full use of its 100 mm gun. This gun can penetrate many tanks frontally, although often you have to look for weak spots. Luckily, most of the time that you penetrate an enemy, it will destroy it in one shot, due to the explosive nature of the available shells. Having said that, it's best to make your way behind the enemy lines throughout any game, and then clean them up for your team. Moreover, you have 3 crew members in the turret, and if an APHE shell penetrates anywhere, or someone penetrates the turret side, you are most likely dead in one shot, so protect your turret.

'''Arcade Battles'''

In Arcade, the T-44-100 can make use of many sniping positions on almost all maps (cliff edge on El Alamein comes to mind). The improved mobility and speed should be used to confuse the enemies and keep your position unknown (i.e. change cover often, move around the map carefully; if needed retreat to your spawn to repair and plan ahead). The mobility will also help you in any stand-offs because you can keep moving your hull and your turret randomly to increase the chances of enemy shells bouncing and hitting only your cannon barrel or track (allowing you to take your time and return fire).

'''''Important Note:''''' Don't over-angle your hull because side armour is ''not'' thick enough to block most shots. You will have to practice this yourself.

Rushing objective points is also a valid tactic in Arcade, although it's best to pick points with the most cover because you shouldn't get shot as stated previously. When there are enemies occupying the capture point, it's a good idea to avoid obvious routes and try to snipe the enemies from afar or flank them, because they will always have an advantage on you. If your tank is fully upgraded, you can try rushing in and causing panic, although there is no guarantee that you will survive through that (your team usually pushes in at that point, and most of the time you get the capture point in the end).

Lastly, just try to confuse your enemies by any means. Make it look like you are going around the left side, then when you can't see enemy tags - turn around and go around the right side; or you can try shooting machine guns into the distance by tapping the space bar, and some enemies may think that that was your shot (machine gun tracers are only marginally smaller than main gun tracers), and they will push out into your line of sight. There are many small strategies you can make use of in Arcade because your tank is so responsive - just try stuff!

'''Realistic Battles'''

The gameplay is slower in Realistic, and the T-44-100 will be outmatched by early Leopards and other fast vehicles (AUBL74, M50 Ontos, Ru 251 etc) in terms of mobility. You should play with more caution, and your main strategies should be: ambushes, flanks and medium-range sniping. To begin with, ambushing is a very successful strategy, and it can be employed in almost every map. You should find a piece of cover around the middle of the map, and look over the main pathways that the enemy team is likely to take (e.g. rubble around B point on Stalingrad, or the passage from B to C on Tunisia, etc). Also, don't forget you can ambush enemy flankers - they will often over-extend, and if you expect that to happen you can set up anti-flank ambushes for them.

When flanking with the T-44-100, you need to be cautious of enemy flankers. Always look around, and try to cover your sides. If a capture point is being captured by the enemies, don't rush in, rather go from cover to cover and try to spot the enemy on the capture point first. That way you will have the advantage over them. If the capture point is in a hilly area, peak over the hill slightly sideways (don't go straight-on), because your side armour will be more angled than the lower plate, and also you are less likely to be one-shot if spotted.

'''''Side Note:''''' Peaking with your side does help with depression as well, but only on shallow hills, on steep hills, you will not be able to get a shot on target without exposing your whole tank. Also, don't try to do this when the enemy sees you, because this strategy needs time to be set-up.

Lastly, sniping will feel easier with the D-10T gun, and at Battle Rating 7.0 extremely fast rounds are uncommon, so you will stand a chance in most medium and long-range engagements. Make sure to use a rangefinder, and aim for hits, not for 100% penetrations, because at long ranges luck plays a bigger role. After every 3-4 shots, try to change your position - it's best to move forward and find cover, but moving sideways will also help. This way enemies will not be able to explicitly focus fire on you.

=== Moving from T-44 to T-44-100 ===
This section is for players who are experiencing the sudden jump from Battle Rating 6.3 to 7.0, because you will see many new enemies, and gameplay changes quite a bit. The biggest drawback you will experience is the lack of stabilizer, which makes it harder to play reactively (heavy tanks and tanks with stabilizers will be able to get their guns ready faster than you).

Don't try to penetrate everything up-front, even though the gun has improved significantly. Sure, you can hit some one-shots through weak spots on some enemies, but the amount of times you will bounce and be destroyed straight after is bigger. This might get annoying, and you will turn away from this wonderful machine - don't do that. Take your time to learn what enemies are easy to penetrate (British medium tanks, German Leopards and JPz 4-5, US M46s etc), and what tanks will take time and effort to outplay (Conqueror, Maus, T32, etc).

Overall, don't get a false sense of security and ability to handle everything, because quite the opposite happens - most tanks can easily penetrate you, while their armour is increased and can be awkward.

=== The Stock Grind ===
When grinding the first modifications, Arcade Battles might be more fun, because of faster-paced gameplay and the ability to see all threats. Now, it's '''a priority to research Parts and FPE,''' and it may also be a good idea '''to activate 3-5 universal vehicle back-ups''' to be able to respawn twice in one match (although it is probably a better idea to wait for the T-54 '47 to use them).

General tips for the stock grind are:

* When playing against German Leopards - you can penetrate them frontally, and there are many of them, so take advantage of this.
** Most medium tanks you can penetrate through the turret ring, but it's a gamble sometimes.
** If an enemy tries to angle, shoot at the front side that they're showing because it usually has negligible armour
* Play the objectives - they award points, and if you stay to defend them, you will be able to get some easy hits on those who try to get it back (by ambushing them).
** You can also set up ambushes ''before'' the objective so that enemies will push past you and you can shoot their sides.
* Push with your teammates, but let them take the hits, then poke out and take a shot or two.

=== Specific Enemies Worth Noting ===
Against certain enemies, the recommended tactics are:

* [[Tiger II (P)|Tiger II (P)]] and [[Tiger II (H)|(H)]]: shoot at turret cheeks (thin part so you should aim carefully), the lower glacis, there is a transmission ('''Warning''': Only shoot this when the Tiger II is facing you directly). If successful in flanking the Tiger II, shoot either back of the turret or the part below the turret.
* [[Panther F]] and [[Panther II]]: watch for their maneuver, shoot at turret cheek, hull (directly facing only) and lower glacis (directly facing only).
* [[Caernarvon|Caernarvon]]: Turret ring and its thin lower glacis (one shot and it will blow up). Hit the side turret as well to knock out the fighting crew.
* [[T29]]: The lower glacis and turret ring
* [[Leopard I|Leopard 1]]: shoot anywhere, but avoid getting hit
* [[Jagdpanther|Jagdpanther]]: Aim at the side of the gun and penetrate through the front glacis.
* [[Jagdtiger]]: Shoot the lower glacis when it is facing you head on, that will disable the transmission, proceed to shoot its sides. If you have the opportunity, flanking it immediately is recommended.
* [[Maus]]: The turret cheek (only below 100m). Recommended to flank the tank and shoot the side of the hull flat on.
* [[Centurion Mk 3]]: Hull and lower glacis
* [[FV4202]]: Lower glacis and turret
* [[T-44]] and T-44-100: Anywhere
* [[IS-2]]: Shoot at the flat part of the hull, one-shot guarantee.
* [[IS-2 (1944)|IS-2 (1944)]]: Turret, lower glacis (which is not angled much)
* [[T26E1-1|T26E1-1 "Super Pershing]]: Hull and lower glacis
* [[Tortoise|Tortoise]]: '''Never shoot the lower glacis''', shoot the machine gun position (the upper left side), this can knock out at least 3 crews of it.
* [[T95]]: Commander cupola. Recommend to flank it due to its low speed.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful 100 mm D-10T gun with good AP-rounds and a good one-shot-potential
* Introduces players to the 100 mm D-10T gun of the T-54 family
* 12.7mm DShK machine gun provides effective anti-aircraft defence and saves main gun ammo when facing soft targets like SPAAs
* Very manoeuvrable when fully upgraded, lots of power compared to the [[T-34-85]] and the [[T-44]]. Good top speed, acceleration and reverse
* Low profile, so you won't get spotted easily
* Good frontal armour. Quite many rounds bounce
* Side skirts provide spaced armour

'''Cons:'''

* Only -3° of gun depression. So the T-44-100 favours only flat or hull down/ low lying positions
* Long reload time, even with an aced crew (as fast as a [[Panther II|Panther II]] stock)
* Quite a weak turret armour. The turret cheeks are weak points
* 3 of 4 crewmen are in the turret, so it's easy to be one-shot
* Big ammo-rack next to your driver in the front

== History ==


===Development===
The [[T-44]] started development in the Autumn of 1943 at the Stalin Ural Tank Factory No. 183, with the objective of creating a tank that is superior to the [[T-34-85|T-34]]. The requirement was that it have the same mobility as the T-34, but with more armour on it. In November, chief designer A. A. Morozov presented the T-44's design and model, called ''Object 136'' as a prototype. The first prototype was completed on January the next year and two more in February. The first two prototypes are armed with the 85 mm D-5T gun with the designation ''T-44-85'', while the last had a 122 mm D-25-44T cannon similar to the one on the [[IS-2]] tank (Though differing from one-piece ammunition and better muzzle brake) designated the ''[[T-44-122]]''. Overall, the design allowed the T-44 to be much more protective in armour thickness when compared to the T-34 while remaining a lower profile. Trials with the first prototypes began in February 1944. The T-44 with the 122 mm gun was deemed impractical in the trials and was discontinued while the T-44 with the 85 mm gun went on to further development. Improvements and changes went into the design until it was accepted in November 1944, where it was placed into service of the Soviet Red Army. Production started in 1944 at Factory No. 75 and continued building until 1947 with about 1,823 units produced.

Despite the T-44's superiority over the T-34 tank, it used the same gun, the 85 mm ZiS-S-53, as its main armament. It was requested that a larger armament be placed onto the T-44 instead for increased firepower. Testing began at October 1944 for this upgrade at the Ural Tank Factory, with the T-44 armed with the 100 mm to be called the ''T-44B'' (or the '''T-44-100'''). Two prototypes were made for the T-44-100 in February 1945, one with a D-10TK gun and another with the LB-1 gun. The T-44-100, compared to the original T-44, had its turret ring diameter increased, thicker armour overall, and increased weight.

===Test results===
The T-44-100 trials in March and April resulted in the positive performance of the T-44-100. The performance the T-44B gave convinced the army that the design had potential and was to not instantly be put into production and instead wait for the entire tank design to be modernized before starting production. Thus, only two working prototypes were made before the entire tank design went into an overhaul. The resulting tank from this development was the [[T-54 (1947)|T-54]] main battle tank. This tank was accepted while all further development on the T-44 stopped.

== Media ==


;Images

[[File:T-44-100_Wallpaper Preview.jpg|thumb|none|300px|The T-44-100 unveiled to the world.]]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|oa26g25qqP4|'''Best medium tanks''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 4:55 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/devblog/current/865|[Devblog] T-44-100: Maneuver and fire!]]

{{USSR medium tanks}}

T-44-100

2022-02-07T06:36:57Z

U111970762: /* General Gameplay */

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_t_44_100
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.57 "Battle March"]]. It is a standard [[T-44]], but with the stronger [[D-10T (100 mm)|100 mm D-10T]] gun, the same one as on the [[SU-100]] and the [[T-54 (1947)|T-54]] tanks.

This is a fast, manoeuvrable with low profile tank that should be played as a brawler, flanker and ambusher. The tank's speed is quite good in Rank IV (compare with previous version [[T-34-85]] and [[Panther A|Panther]] variants) and its gun can compete with [[KwK 43 (88 mm)|88 mm gun]] of [[Tiger II (H)|Tiger II]] (amount of explosive, shell velocity).

This tank isn't suitable for front-line roles because of the lack of armour and gun depression. Moreover, T-44-100 has a fast reverse speed, making it more of a "shoot-and-scoot" vehicle.

The armour isn't very thick, however, it does have the potential to bounce some shots.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull, Turret roof)
* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 90 mm (64°) ''Front glacis'' 90 mm (44°) ''Lower glacis'' || 75 + 6 mm || 45 mm (19°) ''Upper'' 30 mm (73°) ''Lower'' || 15 mm
|-
| Turret || 120 mm (9-58°) ''Turret front'' 110 mm (7-63°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 100 mm (12-21°)|| 75 mm (10°) || 15 mm
|-
! Armour !! Sides !! Roof
|-
| Cupola || 90 mm || 15 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspensions wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick.
* There are tracks giving additional 18 mm of armour on the lower back of the turret.
* Spaced armour is put on the side that gives an additional 6 mm.
* Belly armour is 30 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=806|rbMinHp=460}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

The first modifications you should get are "Parts" and "FPE". The best order for this is Parts → Horizontal Drive → FPE. After you get those, you can grind what you want. It's recommended to get the modifications of the Category "Firepower" and "Protection" first. Because it's a medium tanks you should also get the modifications "Filters", "Transmission" and "Engine" as fast as possible, to have better mobility.

You could do it like this: Parts → Horizontal Drive → FPE → BR-412B → BR-412D → Adjustment of Fire → Crew Replenishment → Filters → Elevation Mechanism → Transmission → Engine → Artillery Support → Brake System → Suspension → Tracks → BR-412P.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|D-10T (100 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[D-10T (100 mm)|100 mm D-10T]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 36 || rowspan="2" | -3°/+18° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 23.8 || 32.9 || 40.0 || 44.2 || 47.1 || rowspan="2" | 13.65 || rowspan="2" | 12.08 || rowspan="2" | 11.13 || rowspan="2" | 10.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.9 || 17.5 || 21.3 || 23.5 || 25.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| BR-412 || APHE || 218 || 212 || 190 || 164 || 143 || 124
|-
| BR-412B || APHEBC || 218 || 215 || 201 || 184 || 169 || 155
|-
| BR-412D || APCBC || 239 || 236 || 220 || 202 || 186 || 170
|-
| BR-412P || APCR || 224 || 216 || 186 || 153 || 127 || 105
|-
| OF-412 || HE || 19 || 19 || 19 || 19 || 19 || 19
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| BR-412 || APHE || 895 || 15.9 || 1.2 || 19 || 100.1 || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
| BR-412B || APHEBC || 895 || 15.9 || 1.2 || 19 || 100.1 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| BR-412D || APCBC || 887 || 15.9 || 1.2 || 19 || 93.94 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| BR-412P || APCR || 1,050 || 8.53 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°
|-
| OF-412 || HE || 900 || 15.6 || 0 || 0.1 || 1,460 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| 3D3 || 880 || 15.6 || 20 || 5 || 25 || 272
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''36''' || 34 ''(+2)'' || 24 ''(+12)'' || 21 ''(+15)'' || 1 ''(+35)'' || No
|-
|}

''Turret empty:'' 24 ''(+12)''

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|DShK (12.7 mm)|DT (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[DShK (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm DShK]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 250 (50) || 600 || -10°/+60° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[DT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm DT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,890 (63) || 600 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

=== General Gameplay ===
The T-44-100 is a very versatile tank for its Battle Rating of 7.0. When fully upgraded, it's extremely mobile and decently fast, which allows it to go on flanks and set up ambushes to make full use of its 100 mm gun. This gun can penetrate many tanks frontally, although often you have to look for weak spots. Luckily, most of the time that you penetrate an enemy, it will destroy it in one shot, due to the explosive nature of the available shells. Having said that, it's best to make your way behind the enemy lines throughout any game, and then clean them up for your team. Moreover, you have 3 crew members in the turret, and if an APHE shell penetrates anywhere, or someone penetrates the turret side, you are most likely dead in one shot, so protect your turret.

'''Arcade Battles'''

In Arcade, the T-44-100 can make use of many sniping positions on almost all maps (cliff edge on El Alamein comes to mind). The improved mobility and speed should be used to confuse the enemies and keep your position unknown (i.e. change cover often, move around the map carefully; if needed retreat to your spawn to repair and plan ahead). The mobility will also help you in any stand-offs because you can keep moving your hull and your turret randomly to increase the chances of enemy shells bouncing and hitting only your cannon barrel or track (allowing you to take your time and return fire).

'''''Important Note:''''' Don't over-angle your hull because side armour is ''not'' thick enough to block most shots. You will have to practice this yourself.

Rushing objective points is also a valid tactic in Arcade, although it's best to pick points with the most cover because you shouldn't get shot as stated previously. When there are enemies occupying the capture point, it's a good idea to avoid obvious routes and try to snipe the enemies from afar or flank them, because they will always have an advantage on you. If your tank is fully upgraded, you can try rushing in and causing panic, although there is no guarantee that you will survive through that (your team usually pushes in at that point, and most of the time you get the capture point in the end).

Lastly, just try to confuse your enemies by any means. Make it look like you are going around the left side, then when you can't see enemy tags - turn around and go around the right side; or you can try shooting machine guns into the distance by tapping the space bar, and some enemies may think that that was your shot (machine gun tracers are only marginally smaller than main gun tracers), and they will push out into your line of sight. There are many small strategies you can make use of in Arcade because your tank is so responsive - just try stuff!

'''Realistic Battles'''

The gameplay is slower in Realistic, and the T-44-100 will be outmatched by early Leopards and other fast vehicles (AUBL74, M50 Ontos, Ru 251 etc) in terms of mobility. You should play with more caution, and your main strategies should be: ambushes, flanks and medium-range sniping. To begin with, ambushing is a very successful strategy, and it can be employed in almost every map. You should find a piece of cover around the middle of the map, and look over the main pathways that the enemy team is likely to take (e.g. rubble around B point on Stalingrad, or the passage from B to C on Tunisia, etc). Also, don't forget you can ambush enemy flankers - they will often over-extend, and if you expect that to happen you can set up anti-flank ambushes for them.

When flanking with the T-44-100, you need to be cautious of enemy flankers. Always look around, and try to cover your sides. If a capture point is being captured by the enemies, don't rush in, rather go from cover to cover and try to spot the enemy on the capture point first. That way you will have the advantage over them. If the capture point is in a hilly area, peak over the hill slightly sideways (don't go straight-on), because your side armour will be more angled than the lower plate, and also you are less likely to be one-shot if spotted.

'''''Side Note:''''' Peaking with your side does help with depression as well, but only on shallow hills, on steep hills, you will not be able to get a shot on target without exposing your whole tank. Also, don't try to do this when the enemy sees you, because this strategy needs time to be set-up.

Lastly, sniping will feel easier with the D-10T gun, and at Battle Rating 7.0 extremely fast rounds are uncommon, so you will stand a chance in most medium and long-range engagements. Make sure to use a rangefinder, and aim for hits, not for 100% penetrations, because at long ranges luck plays a bigger role. After every 3-4 shots, try to change your position - it's best to move forward and find cover, but moving sideways will also help. This way enemies will not be able to explicitly focus fire on you.

=== Moving from T-44 to T-44-100 ===
This section is for players who are experiencing the sudden jump from Battle Rating 6.3 to 7.0, because you will see many new enemies, and gameplay changes quite a bit. The biggest drawback you will experience is the lack of stabilizer, which makes it harder to play reactively (heavy tanks and tanks with stabilizers will be able to get their guns ready faster than you).

Don't try to penetrate everything up-front, even though the gun has improved significantly. Sure, you can hit some one-shots through weak spots on some enemies, but the amount of times you will bounce and be destroyed straight after is bigger. This might get annoying, and you will turn away from this wonderful machine - don't do that. Take your time to learn what enemies are easy to penetrate (British medium tanks, German Leopards and JPz 4-5, US M46s etc), and what tanks will take time and effort to outplay (Conqueror, Maus, T32, etc).

Overall, don't get a false sense of security and ability to handle everything, because quite the opposite happens - most tanks can easily penetrate you, while their armour is increased and can be awkward.

=== The Stock Grind ===
When grinding the first modifications, Arcade Battles might be more fun, because of faster-paced gameplay and the ability to see all threats. Now, it's '''a priority to research Parts and FPE,''' and it may also be a good idea '''to activate 3-5 universal vehicle back-ups''' to be able to respawn twice in one match (although it is probably a better idea to wait for the T-54 '47 to use them).

General tips for the stock grind are:

* When playing against German Leopards - you can penetrate them frontally, and there are many of them, so take advantage of this.
** Most medium tanks you can penetrate through the turret ring, but it's a gamble sometimes.
** If an enemy tries to angle, shoot at the front side that they're showing because it usually has negligible armour
* Play the objectives - they award points, and if you stay to defend them, you will be able to get some easy hits on those who try to get it back (by ambushing them).
** You can also set up ambushes ''before'' the objective so that enemies will push past you and you can shoot their sides.
* Push with your teammates, but let them take the hits, then poke out and take a shot or two.

=== Specific Enemies Worth Noting ===
Against certain enemies, the recommended tactics are:

* [[Tiger II (P)|Tiger II (P)]] and [[Tiger II (H)|(H)]]: shoot at turret cheeks (thin part so you should aim carefully), the lower glacis, there is a transmission ('''Warning''': Only shoot this when the Tiger II is facing you directly). If successful in flanking the Tiger II, shoot either back of the turret or the part below the turret.
* [[Panther F]] and [[Panther II]]: watch for their maneuver, shoot at turret cheek, hull (directly facing only) and lower glacis (directly facing only).
* [[Caernarvon|Caernavron]]: Turret ring and its thin lower glacis (one shot and it will blow up). Hit the side turret as well to knock out the fighting crew.
* [[T29]]: The lower glacis and turret ring
* [[Leopard I|Leopard 1A0]]: shoot anywhere, but avoid getting hit
* [[Jagdpanther|Jagdpanther]]: Aim at the side of the gun and penetrate through the front glacis.
* [[Jagdtiger]]: Shoot the lower glacis when it is facing you head on, that will disable the transmission, proceed to shoot its sides. If you have the opportunity, flanking it immediately is recommended.
* [[Maus]]: The turret cheek (only below 100m). Recommended to flank the tank and shoot the side of the hull flat on.
* [[Centurion Mk 3]]: Hull and lower glacis
* [[FV4202]]: Lower glacis and turret
* [[T-44]] and T-44-100: Anywhere
* [[IS-2]]: Shoot at the flat part of the hull, one-shot guarantee.
* [[IS-2 (1944)|IS-2 (1944)]]: Turret, lower glacis (which is not angled much)
* [[T26E1-1|T26E1-1 "Super Pershing]]: Hull and lower glacis
* [[Tortoise|Tortoise]]: '''Never shoot the lower glacis''', shoot the machine gun position (the upper left side), this can knock out at least 3 crews of it.
* [[T95]]: Commander cupola. Recommend to flank it due to its low speed.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful 100 mm D-10T gun with good AP-rounds and a good one-shot-potential
* Introduces players to the 100 mm D-10T gun of the T-54 family
* 12.7mm DShK machine gun provides effective anti-aircraft defence and saves main gun ammo when facing soft targets like SPAAs
* Very manoeuvrable when fully upgraded, lots of power compared to the [[T-34-85]] and the [[T-44]]. Good top speed, acceleration and reverse
* Low profile, so you won't get spotted easily
* Good frontal armour. Quite many rounds bounce
* Side skirts provide spaced armour

'''Cons:'''

* Only -3° of gun depression. So the T-44-100 favours only flat or hull down/ low lying positions
* Long reload time, even with an aced crew (as fast as a [[Panther II|Panther II]] stock)
* Quite a weak turret armour. The turret cheeks are weak points
* 3 of 4 crewmen are in the turret, so it's easy to be one-shot
* Big ammo-rack next to your driver in the front

== History ==


===Development===
The [[T-44]] started development in the Autumn of 1943 at the Stalin Ural Tank Factory No. 183, with the objective of creating a tank that is superior to the [[T-34-85|T-34]]. The requirement was that it have the same mobility as the T-34, but with more armour on it. In November, chief designer A. A. Morozov presented the T-44's design and model, called ''Object 136'' as a prototype. The first prototype was completed on January the next year and two more in February. The first two prototypes are armed with the 85 mm D-5T gun with the designation ''T-44-85'', while the last had a 122 mm D-25-44T cannon similar to the one on the [[IS-2]] tank (Though differing from one-piece ammunition and better muzzle brake) designated the ''[[T-44-122]]''. Overall, the design allowed the T-44 to be much more protective in armour thickness when compared to the T-34 while remaining a lower profile. Trials with the first prototypes began in February 1944. The T-44 with the 122 mm gun was deemed impractical in the trials and was discontinued while the T-44 with the 85 mm gun went on to further development. Improvements and changes went into the design until it was accepted in November 1944, where it was placed into service of the Soviet Red Army. Production started in 1944 at Factory No. 75 and continued building until 1947 with about 1,823 units produced.

Despite the T-44's superiority over the T-34 tank, it used the same gun, the 85 mm ZiS-S-53, as its main armament. It was requested that a larger armament be placed onto the T-44 instead for increased firepower. Testing began at October 1944 for this upgrade at the Ural Tank Factory, with the T-44 armed with the 100 mm to be called the ''T-44B'' (or the '''T-44-100'''). Two prototypes were made for the T-44-100 in February 1945, one with a D-10TK gun and another with the LB-1 gun. The T-44-100, compared to the original T-44, had its turret ring diameter increased, thicker armour overall, and increased weight.

===Test results===
The T-44-100 trials in March and April resulted in the positive performance of the T-44-100. The performance the T-44B gave convinced the army that the design had potential and was to not instantly be put into production and instead wait for the entire tank design to be modernized before starting production. Thus, only two working prototypes were made before the entire tank design went into an overhaul. The resulting tank from this development was the [[T-54 (1947)|T-54]] main battle tank. This tank was accepted while all further development on the T-44 stopped.

== Media ==


;Images

[[File:T-44-100_Wallpaper Preview.jpg|thumb|none|300px|The T-44-100 unveiled to the world.]]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|oa26g25qqP4|'''Best medium tanks''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 4:55 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/devblog/current/865|[Devblog] T-44-100: Maneuver and fire!]]

{{USSR medium tanks}}

T-72B

2022-02-07T06:30:24Z

U111970762: /* Ammo racks */

{{About
| about = Soviet medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = T-72 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_t_72b
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.97 "Viking Fury"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


The T-72B is an up-armoured and up-gunned version of the T-72A, although this still does not protect the "weak spots" that most Soviet tanks have (weak lower front plate, driver optics etc.). The T-72B has more armour on the upper plate of the hull, that provides around 500 mm to 900 mm of effective armour protection.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Armour!!Front (Slope angle)!!Sides!!Rear!!Roof
|-
|Hull||60 mm (60°)||80 mm ''Top''
20 mm ''Bottom''
|40 mm||20 - 30 mm
|-
|Turret||Variable thickness armour ''Turret front''
220-600 mm ''Gun mantlet''
|240 - 118 mm||60 - 115 mm||45 mm
|-
|Cupola||100 mm (variable angles)||100 mm||100 mm||40 mm
|}

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,302|rbMinHp=743}}

The T-72B is a slow and sluggish tank which has poor acceleration and handling. It has really poor reverse speed as well as hull traverse. However, it has a powerful engine which makes it capable of pulling and pushing enemy tanks as well as moving through rough terrain with ease. It does not have enough horsepower to climb over steep elevations. Speed-wise, it has a decent top speed (~60-70 km/h) which it can reach under specific situations.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|2A46M-1 (125 mm)}}

The T-72B is armed with the same 125 mm cannon found in the [[T-80B]], with its 3BM42 "Mango" round proving competitive against other Rank VII offerings. As with previous Russian MBTs, the main gun is auto-loaded, so the loss of a crew member does not affect the loading times and the 7.1-second loading speed is competitive when compared to the 120 mm guns on the Leopard 2A5 and M1A2 Abrams. One notable perk of the auto-loader mechanism is that the gun will be reloaded even if the gunner is knocked out, if you're fighting a fire, or repairing. It does however also come with the drawbacks of a reload time that cannot be improved, the large ammo carousel concentric with the turret, and the chance of a single penetrating shot detonating the ammo racks. Another thing to note, since update 1.97 if the tank's battery runs out of power, the auto loader will not function and the cannon will need to be manually loaded, which is a much slower process.

As with the T-80B and T-64B, the T-72B can launch missiles out of its gun. Unlike the previous two vehicles though, it gets the upgraded 9M119 which has 700 mm of penetration compared to the previous ATGM's 650 mm penetration. These ATGMs can prove useful for shooting over hills to hit a hiding enemy or to engage helicopters or low-flying aircraft.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[2A46M-1 (125 mm)|125 mm 2A46M-1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 45 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+13° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 22.8 || 31.6 || 38.4 || 42.5 || 45.2 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 7.10
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.3 || 16.8 || 20.4 || 22.6 || 24.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| 3BK18M || HEATFS || 550 || 550 || 550 || 550 || 550 || 550
|-
| 3OF26 || HE || 42 || 42 || 42 || 42 || 42 || 42
|-
| 3BM22 || APFSDS || 425 || 420 || 415 || 405 || 393 || 380
|-
| 9M119 || ATGM || 700 || 700 || 700 || 700 || 700 || 700
|-
| 3BM42 || APFSDS || 457 || 454 || 445 || 431 || 419 || 406
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 3BK18M || HEATFS || 905 || 19 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 2,790 || 65° || 72° || 77°
|-
| 3OF26 || HE || 850 || 23 || 0 || 0.1 || 5,240 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 3BM22 || APFSDS || 1,760 || 4.83 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 76° || 77° || 80°
|-
| 9M119 || ATGM || 400 || 16.5 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 5,540 || 80° || 82° || 90°
|-
| 3BM42 || APFSDS || 1,700 || 4.85 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''45''' || 41 ''(+4)'' || 34 ''(+11)'' || 22 ''(+23)'' || 0 ''(+45)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|NSVT (12.7 mm)|PKT (7.62 mm)}}

The T-72B has access to a coaxial PKT 7.62mm machine gun and a 12.7 mm NSVT anti-aircraft machine gun, which is mounted above the commander's hatch. The PKT is rarely useful in top tier matches, but the NSVT can be quite useful. The NSVT has 29 mm of penetration, allowing it to damage some light vehicles like IFVs and enemy SPAA. Additionally it is useful to engage enemy helicopters when they come close. Machine guns can also be used to try and shoot down enemy ATGMs, but this is unreliable. They can also be used to shoot the ground in front of the tank for a quick smoke screen of sorts, confusing the enemy and blocking their view for a clean shot.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[NSVT (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm NSVT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 300 (150) || 700 || -4°/+75° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[PKT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm PKT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 2,000 (250) || 700 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


There are three main ways to use the T-72B: as a flanker, as a sniper, or as a frontline support tank.

=== Flanking ===
The T-72B performs awesomely as a flanker, especially with the new engine. In many maps, such as Berlin, Maginot Line or Mozdok, it will be one of the best playstyles. If APFSDS hasn't been researched yet, try to know the locations of your most common opponents' ammo racks (i.e. [[XM-1 (Chrysler)]]/[[XM-1 (GM)|(GM)]], [[T-72AV (TURMS-T)|T-72 TURMS]] and [[Leopard 1 (Family)|Leopards 1]]/[[Leopard 2 (Family)|2]]), and aim at them, since HEAT-FS doesn't feature great damage against composite armours. When facing multiple enemies, prioritise disabling them (destroying gun breech/barrel, knocking out gunner, etc.) so that they don't pose an immediate threat and you can destroy them later.

=== Sniping ===
This is another great performance of the T-72, as it has adequate shell velocity and penetration. HEAT-FS penetrates 550 mm of armour at any distance, and its muzzle speed is faster than most of other HEAT-FS shell you will meet. Also, the APFSDS performs excellently because of its extreme velocity (~1,760 m/s) and high penetration (425 mm). Try to keep a distance of at least 1 km and no more than 1.5 km when using HEAT, but the unlocking of sabot shells will increase your range almost indefinitely. Try to cover your lower glacis, as it is your only weakspot at range.

=== Frontline support ===
This playstyle is very risky, as your slow reverse speed will turn your tank into a coffin, but with access to the 3BM42 shot, it will become more viable. Do not, ever, do this alone. Always try to have at least two reliable teammates covering you. Your main goal in this playstyle is to cover offensives, and defend and attack bases. Cover weaker tanks by attracting fire and secure base capturers. In this mode, you should not focus on making experience for your own, like capturing bases, but to ensure the achievement of victory. This style will mostly take your tank as sacrifice, unless played very carefully and prudently, but victory multipliers will overcome your losses.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

* [[XM-1 (Chrysler)]]/[[XM-1 (GM)|(GM)]]: Avoid attempting combat with the 3BK18M HEATFS shells, despite their having thin composite armour
* [[AMX-30B2]]/[[AMX-30B2 BRENUS]]: DM23/33 have enough armour penetration to penetrate T-72 driver frontal plates, though all shells are effective against them in return.
* [[Leopard 2K]]: Turret mantlet is resistant to 3BK18M.
* [[AMX-40]]: Turret mantlet and lower frontal plate are highly resistant to 3BK18M.
* [[Strv 103 (Family)|Strv 103]]: Depending on the hull angling, HEAT-FS rounds such as the 3BK18M might ricochet. APFSDS is recommended to be used when facing it frontally.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent composite armour protection
* Turret cheeks will chew up modern-day tank shells, invulnerable even to the mighty DM53
* CONTACT-1 ERA coverage to front and sides, provides great protection against chemical shells (~400 mm)
* Powerful main armament with autoloader, 3BM42 round, and laser rangefinder
* Barrel launched ATGMs, without extra reload time
* ESS and smoke grenades

'''Cons:'''

* Extremely prone to gun breech disabling, as in all post-war T-series
* Very bad reverse speed (-4 km/h)
* Lack of thermals at rank VI
* ERA provides insignificant protection against kinetic shells (~5 mm)
* Side armour is so thin that can be penetrated basically at any angle, which will inevitably ammo-rack you
* Small crew count, cramped interior and large ammo rack mean low survivability
* Poor gun depression

== History ==


The T-72 was one of the most famous and widely produced Soviet main battle tanks of the Cold War era. Originating as a modification of the [[T-64A (1971)|T-64]], the T-72 retained its predecessor's composite armour, 125 mm smoothbore cannon, and compact dimensions, all modern features for the time. But it was intended to be easier to produce and maintain than the complex and unreliable T-64. Instead of the T-64's opposed piston engine, which promised high power in a compact package but turned out to be a mechanical nightmare, the T-72 used a more traditional V-46 engine with larger dimensions. The engine compartment and suspension were redesigned to suit the new engine. The original T-64 "MZ" autoloader was replaced with the "AZ" autoloader, which stored ammunition in two horizontal trays. The T-72 began to equip standard tank divisions and motorized units while elite units retained the T-64. The combat capabilities of the initial T-72 were very close despite its origin as a somewhat simplified T-64, as the heavier weight was compensated for by the greater engine power. The T-64 tended to have more advanced optics and fire control systems over its service life, and the later T-80 had much superior mobility, but the simple cost effectiveness and reliability of the T-72 made it an excellent tank for widespread deployment and export. It remains in service worldwide in many different variants and has arguably been a more successful design than its ostensibly higher-tech relatives.

The '''T-72B''' variant first appeared in 1985. At this time, the preceding [[T-72A]] had shown its age. The newest NATO tanks had guns and ammunition capable of penetrating early Soviet composite armour and the T-72A's fire control system was lacking. The [[T-64B]], introduced several years earlier, had improved armour and a new fire control system capable of supporting gun-launched ATGMs like the 9M112 "Kobra". The T-72B set out to meet these standards.

As part of the improvements, the protection was improved dramatically. The turret was constructed with high hardness steel and improved "Super Dolly Parton" composite armour that bulged the turret cheeks even further. The increased volume necessitated cuts underneath the turret cheeks/sides to allow the driver to open his hatch if the turret was rotated. The composite armour used polymer and steel NERA layers much like the [[Leopard 2A4|Leopard 2]] and [[M1 Abrams]] instead of the "Kvartz" ceramic filler used on earlier T-72As. This provided improved chemical protection on par with these two NATO MBTs and also easier serviceability: the NERA plates could be accessed and replaced in the field if damaged, whereas the sintered quartz blocks were cast with the turret in the factory and could not be repaired. Kinetic protection was increased to a reported figure of 550 mm RHA equivalent.

The hull composite armour was switched to a new 60-10-10-20-20-50 configuration: a 60 mm front plate, four high hardness plates of 10 mm and 20 mm thickness, and a 50 mm back plate. While this is technically spaced armour instead of composite armour, it offered significant improvements in kinetic protection over the older textolite composition. In fact, comparative testing of the T-72B's glacis armour and the [[T-80B|T-80BV]]'s configuration showed that it was immune to even overpressure shots using 3BM32 "Vant" depleted uranium APFSDS, which penetrated the T-80BV using standard charges. Chemical protection was also improved and the T-72B's upper glacis was capable of resisting HEAT-FS rounds, man-portable ATGMs, and older full-size ATGMs.

The armour upgrades played a large role in increasing the T-72B's weight to about 43 tons at combat weight compared to the T-72A's 41 tons. To cope with this, a V-84 engine producing 840 horsepower was installed. It was a close derivative of the V-46 and in theory should have been very easy to retrofit to existing T-72s. However, its increased power and heat generation required modifications to the T-72B design. An engineer recalled that the V-84 somehow developed less power than the V-46 when installed in the T-72A.

The T-72B received a new 1A40-1 sighting complex with a lead calculator, improved laser rangefinder, and support for 9M119 "Svir" gun-launched ATGMs through an improved night sight. The gunner could lase a moving target while looking down the sight and the system would calculate and display how many mils to lead by in a secondary eyepiece. From the gunner's view, the calculation result would be superimposed on the sight view. This made it easier for the tank to engage moving targets, which previously was unassisted on early T-72A models, but the system was not precise enough for reliable long distance shooting and lagged behind the [[M60A3 TTS|M60A3]]'s fire control system in ease of use.

Other minor changes included modifications to the autoloader to accommodate the Svir ATGMs and an improved 2E42-2 "Zhasmin" stabilizer system with an electric drive instead of hydraulics. The vehicle represented in War Thunder is equipped with Kontakt-1 explosive reactive armour, which became standard for T-72Bs out of the factory. The turret ERA was no longer mounted on brackets as on the [[T-64B]] or T-72AV, instead being placed directly on the turret surface. This more haphazard arrangement increased the coverage of the ERA but slightly decreased effectiveness due to suboptimal sloping towards incoming fire. Still, a T-72B with Kontakt-1 was virtually immune to single-charge chemical munitions. [[T-72B (1989)|Later production variants]] were capable of equipping improved Kontakt-5 ERA, which in turn made them resistant to even the best NATO APFSDS rounds at the time.

The T-72B successfully addressed the immediate problems facing the T-72A. The protection now matched or exceeded the new NATO MBTs that were capable of dispatching the previous model and the fire control upgrades provided a welcome increase in offensive capabilities. This was achieved without sacrificing ease of production and the T-72B was widely produced and exported like prior models. No improvements were made to its mobility, which was now exceeded by the Abrams and Leopard 2, and the fire control system was still inferior to Western tanks. Still, it provided a solid foundation for modernizations like the [[T-72B3]] and will likely stay in service for the next few decades. The famous T-90 had its beginnings as an upgraded "T-72BU" as well.

The T-72B did not see any combat with the Soviet Union. The succeeding Russian Federation has used the T-72B in Chechenya, Georgia, and elsewhere. Other customers and current users of the T-72B include Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Laos, Morocco, and Syria.

===[[wt:en/news/6614-development-t-72b-necessary-improvements-en|Devblog]]===

By the middle of the 1980s, there was an objective need to upgrade the main battle tank of the Soviet Union - T-72 to modern battle performance values. The fact is that the vehicle seriously lacked firepower and modern fire control systems and its protection which wasn't bad at the time of conception, became obsolete due to the emergence of new powerful weapons. The big tank modernization program implied a comprehensive improvement of the T-72 in all its key characteristics.

In the early 80s, the guided weapon system under the name "Svir" was developed for the Soviet tanks with the ability to guide the missile via beam and launching it through the gun barrel. At the same time there was also work on development of the first generation of the "Contact-1" explosive reactive armour. Both of these novelties were in demand for the modernization of the T-72. The vehicle received a new combined hull armour pack for the upper frontal part which increases in size and its composition has been redistributed toward more steel. Also a new custom turret with larger dimensions has been installed, featuring new armour filler packs.

Due to an increased weight, the tank required a new engine which allowed it to maintain the good running characteristics of the base model. The upgraded version received the designation T-72B and was adopted in December 1984. This modification became the basis for a large number of versions and upgrades which made the T-72 the most mass produced 2nd generation MBT in the world. As an upgraded version this tank continues to serve in the Russian army and many other countries.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=ussr&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=medium_tank&vehicle=ussr_t_72b Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:T-72B WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:T-72B WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:T-72B WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:T-72B WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:T-72B WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:T-72B WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|V3Gfl_N4JV8|'''The Shooting Range #192''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:32 discusses the T-72B.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6614-development-t-72b-necessary-improvements-en|[Devblog] T-72B: Necessary Improvements]]

{{USSR medium tanks}}
[[Category:ATGM vehicles]]

Tandem MAI

2022-02-07T04:18:17Z

U111970762: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=tandem_mai
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.77 "Advancing Storm"]] during the [[wt:en/news/5453--en|2018 Chronicles of World War II]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


Tandem MAI is a tricky plane to learn at first; it has the speed to match most enemy fighters that it will face at the battle rating, but the manoeuvrability of the aircraft does not make it a great dogfighter. It can make small short turns to the side (a few degrees) but after a while it will have lost a lot of its speed, become heavy, and turning will be a slightly harder task to do which ruins its decent manoeuvrability fast. The climbing of the Tandem MAI is not the greatest but since it is given an attacker spawn so much climbing is not needed to be done for it. It can dive excellently and get out of dives easily.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,250 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 468 || 453 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 23.2 || 24.3 || 8.0 || 8.0 || rowspan="2" | 500
|-
! Upgraded
| 510 || 488 || 20.8 || 22.0 || 13.9 || 10.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 448 || 419 || 270 || ~__ || ~__
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 350 || < 340 || < 340 || > ___
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


Tandem MAI has an 8.5 mm steel plate on the backrest for the pilot and not anywhere else on the aircraft. This exposes the engine to be prone to getting shot out by enemy fire from the ground and air. It also leaves a lot of the internal structure exposed to damage, but even with the lack of armour plates and general armour, the Tandem MAI can take a heavy beating and still be fine to fly around with. One drawback with the Tandem's armour and survivability is the gunner is exposed to enemy fire from any angle. The gunner cupola and the area of plane where the gunner is placed not having any sort of protection makes the gunner survivability low. Its fuel tanks are self-sealing, and have a neutral gas pressurization system. Both fuel tanks are located in front of the pilot.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|ShKAS (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 7.62 mm ShKAS machine guns, wing-mounted (600 rpg = 2,400 total)

The Tandem MAI has four 7.62 mm ShKAS machine guns comparable to the I-16 and the I-153 in terms of firepower. The ShKAS high rate of fire and there being four of them will make quick work of any enemy planes it will face.

The Tandem MAI offensive armament gets to pick from 4 belts of choosing: Default, Universal, Tracers and Stealth belt, all of which are very effective against enemy aircraft.

Tracer or Universal belts are recommended for higher chance of setting the enemies on fire which is especially effective against bombers.

Stealth Belt are also a great recommendation, as a well-planned surprise attack will tear the enemy plane into shreds which will also take those who are not paying attention to surroundings by surprise.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|FAB-50sv (50 kg)|FAB-100sv (100 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 50 kg FAB-50sv bombs (100 kg total)
* 2 x 100 kg FAB-100sv bombs (200 kg total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|ShKAS (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 7.62 mm ShKAS machine gun, tail turret (700 rpg)

Defensive armament on the Tandem MAI is a single [[ShKAS (7.62 mm)]] gun that is in a cupola on the furthest back on the plane with a exposed gunner which makes it important to have a relative good gunner crew for it with preferably high vitality, fire accuracy and fire precision. The ShKAS defensive turret get three sets of belt to pick from ''Default'', ''Armored Targets'' and ''Universal belt''. It is recommended to use the Universal belt to easily down enemy planes.

== Usage in battles ==


Tandem MAI is an excellent interceptor aircraft with an air spawn it can intercept most enemy fighters before they achieve the altitude to be out of its reach. Four 7.62mm ShKAS to overpower the enemy slower rate of fire machine guns with its own high rate of fire makes it an excellent head on vehicle but comes with the high risk of getting its engine get shot out or damaged that will force you to return for a repair.

Missing an enemy and let it come from behind would worry any fighter/attacker/bomber mostly those with small arc of the defensive guns or no guns at all. But not for the ShKAS on the Tandem MAI. It can attack enemies from most angles except where the twin stabilizers are and directly below. But it has a great arc of fire to ward of any possible attack from the rear.

Ground attacking is not out of the picture for it but with a low capacity of bombs and small bombs makes it not the most efficient attacker role but it can be done and will need to be able to land the bombs as close as possible to the targets. If not it has four excellent ShKAS to take out light targets; for example, Howitzers, AAA guns, Armoured Cars and Trucks.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good manoeuvrability and decent acceleration over 250 km/h
* Has a tail gunner to ward off enemy aircraft
* Gunner has quite a big area of fire
* Gunner can fire directly up
* 4 x ShKAS machine guns can shred enemy aircraft of similar rank when equipped with tracers
* Large amount of ammunition for offensive machine guns
* Has a bombsight, despite being an attacker
* Internal bomb bay means no drag is created by the bombs if carried

'''Cons:'''

* The twin vertical stabilizers are two blind spots in rear gunner's field of fire
* Bleeds decent amount of speed trying to manoeuvre
* Poor payloads

== History ==


The '''{{PAGENAME}}''', also known as the MAI Sh-Tandem of Sh-MAI, was an experimental ground attack aircraft designed during the late-1930s by Pyotr Dmitrievich Grushin (1906-1993) at the Moscow Aviation Institute (MAI). An alternative way of thinking in the development of the ''Shturmovik'' or ground attack/light bomber plane, the Tandem MAI featured an unusual front- and back-wing configuration, with the stabilizers being nearly as large as the wings themselves, and providing 45% of the lift. This had the advantage of creating an aircraft with a center of gravity which was further aft than with conventional aircraft, allowing ordnance to be installed in the main fuselage. The aircraft unusually also had elevons: both the front- and rear wing were equipped with combined aileron/elevators.

Due to the unusual placement of the vertical stabilizers in a crucifix configuration on the horizontal stabilizers, this left the rear fuselage free for the installation of a turret. This in turn gave the added benefit of a single gunner being capable of defending a very wide area around the aircraft's rear gunner, rather than the conventional design of a single rear gunner whose field of fire was partly blocked by the aircraft's fuselage.

Three prototypes of the Tandem MAI were built between 1937 and 1939, with the aircraft being flight-tested by Pyotr Mikhailovich Stefanovsky (1903-1976). It built from a conventional, light wooden monocoque frame with plywood/Bakelite covering: this allowed for a quick construction, with the first prototype being built by an 18-man team in just 45 days. The aircraft was supposed to be powered by the 1,100 hp Tumansky M-88 air-cooled radial engine, but due to its unavailability the prototypes were powered by the 950 hp Tumansky M-87A.

The first prototype was built as a single-seat unarmed concept tester, which showed the viability of the design. This prototype passed its preliminary flight tests by January 8th 1939. Subsequently the aircraft was developed into its definitive two-seater form, with a cockpit which was set slightly more rearwards, and the tail gun turret installed. This second prototype was finished by late summer of 1939, with state tests held in September and October of 1939. The state tests concluded on October 10th, after 51 flights had been made. The results were disappointing: it was noted that the changed configuration over the single-seater greatly impacted on the type's performance. The aircraft had longitudinal stability issues and poor rudder response; it had poor take-off performance; the cockpit was found to be cramped; and the tail turret design imposed a severe speed penalty on the design. The test report suggested changing the tail turret to a tapered conical design. Most seriously, the front wing and landing gear were found to be insufficiently strong.

A third prototype was built with a number of improvements, such as a different installation of a structurally strengthened front wing to improve take-off performance. However, by this time interest in the Tandem MAI had waned, especially given its armament of four fixed and one trainable ShKAS machine guns and 200 kg of ordnance was seen as insufficient for future attack aircraft. Accordingly, all further development of the MAI Tandem was halted.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=ussr&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=assault&vehicle=tandem_mai Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|INb9VjLxKf0|'''Most unusual aircraft''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 6:43 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|WA3jQgZLjAg|'''The Shooting Range #94''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 09:41 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer MAI}}
{{USSR strike aircraft}}
{{USSR premium aircraft}}

M4A3 (105)

2022-02-03T02:20:40Z

U111970762: /* Description */

{{About
| about = American medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = other M4 Shermans
| link-1 = M4 Sherman (Family)
| usage-2 = other uses
| link-2 = M4 (Disambiguation)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=us_m4a3_105_sherman
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==


The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was one of the first American tanks to be released with the American ground tree in [[Update 1.45 "Steel Generals"]]. Armed with a [[M4 (105 mm)|105 mm howitzer]] instead of the standard [[M3 (75 mm)|75 mm cannon]], the howitzer grants the Sherman a much more powerful high-explosive shell to use against lightly-armoured enemies. When the HEAT round is unlocked for the cannon, its firepower against more heavily armoured vehicles increases substantially.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The M4A3 (105) has certain flaws that can be exploited quite well. First of all, the howitzer armament means that the shell travels in a low-velocity, meaning the M4A3 (105) will be unlikely to engage at a long distance. Another is the fact that the M4A3 (105)'s gun has a long reload and a slow traverse speed, meaning it is also not very good in a close-range encounter. Despite these flaws, the M4A3 (105) is a formidable foe with its armament. The HE and HEAT shell the 105 mm can dish out has a real possibility to knock out friendly crew and teammates, if not absolutely destroying light tanks. These high-explosives can also break tracks easily, causing the player tank to be immobilized and exposed not only to the M4A3 (105), but to the other enemies as well, and the M4A3 (105) will most likely not be alone.

To engage the M4A3 (105), try not to engage its frontal armour if in a tank with BR lower than 3.7. It's frontal armour, despite what most will say about the Sherman's armour, is quite formidable and can deflect most incoming enemy round from light and medium tanks. This is why it is recommended to bring high-velocity guns like the [[M7 (76 mm)|3-inch]] on the M10 or the [[KwK 40 (75 mm)|long 75 mm]] on the later Panzer IV. If it can't be engaged from the front, manoeuvre to its side and rear armour, as these armour plates are extremely vulnerable to even 37 mm guns. When manoeuvring around the M4A3 (105), try not to expose the tank for a prolonged time and move faster than the M4A3 (105)'s slow turret traverse rate (though beware that the M4A3 can compensate this slow turn by turning the entire body). If fast enough, a tank could also move past the 105 mm low-velocity shell and mess up the enemy's lead. This will eventually lead to a good shot on the M4A3's weak points. Another simpler and less mobile way is to lie in wait in a tank destroyer such as the StuG III for the M4A3 to move right into the TD's line of fire, giving a clean shot to a vulnerable armour part. A good shot on a general part of the hull can ignite one of the many ammo racks strewn around the interior.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull, Turret roof)
* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret, Transmission area)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 63.5 mm (47°) ''Front glacis'' 63.5-107.9 mm (5-56°) ''Transmission area'' || 38.1 mm || 38.1 mm (22°) ''Top'' 38.1 mm (13-44°) ''Bottom'' || 19.5 mm
|-
| Turret || 76.2 mm (3-67°) ''Turret front'' 88.9 mm (3-86°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 50.8 mm (2-69°) || 50.8 mm (2-66°) || 25.4 mm
|-
! Armour !! Sides !! Roof
|-
| Cupola || 63.5 mm || 25.4 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick, bogies are 10 mm thick, and tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Lower part of the hull (transmission housing) is 107.9 mm thick
* A small patch on the turret front right side is thinner (50.8 mm) than the rest (76.2 mm).

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 775|rbMinHp= 442|}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

"Parts", "FPE" and "M67 shot" are key modules. Focus then on Firepower improvements, and "Artillery Support". After that, all mobility upgrades are welcomed.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M4 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M4 (105 mm)|105 mm M4]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 66 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+35° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 5.7 || 7.9 || 9.6 || 10.6 || 11.3 || rowspan="2" | 13.00 || rowspan="2" | 11.50 || rowspan="2" | 10.60 || rowspan="2" | 10.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 3.6 || 4.2 || 5.1 || 5.6 || 6.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| M1 shell || HE || 27 || 27 || 27 || 27 || 27 || 27
|-
| M67 shot || HEAT || 130 || 130 || 130 || 130 || 130 || 130
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| M1 shell || HE || 472 || 14.85 || 0 || 0.1 || 2,180 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| M67 shot || HEAT || 381 || 13.14 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,610 || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| M84 || 457 || 14.9 || 20 || 5 || 25 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''66''' || 54 ''(+12)'' || 34 ''(+32)'' || 22 ''(+44)'' || 13 ''(+53)'' || 1 ''(+65)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Racks disappear after you've fired all shells in the rack.
* To go into battle with the turret empty of ammo, pack 22 ''(+44)'' shells (racks 1 to 3 emptied).

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle mount || 600 (200) || 576 || -10°/+30° || ±60°
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 3,000 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

This tank plays best as a support tank, stay with other tanks that have better side armour while using the relatively thick front armour to soak a few shots. Use the HEAT rounds to penetrate most armour of the M4A3 (105)'s rank and above, and remember that the M4A3 (105) is no brawler, so staying in the front line too close to hostiles will most likely spell a K.O. by ammo or crew. This tank gun has a very low velocity, so make sure to compensate for a large amount of drop.

Having in mind the large calibre of this tank's main weapon, one can conclude that the HE shell (M1 shell) is big enough to dispatch some tanks. However, any armour larger than 28 mm won't let the explosion result in penetration. So for firing at strong armour plates, the HEAT shell (M67 shot) is required. It should be a top priority to research it. The HE shell will, however, be the most effective option whenever this Sherman's controller can find a suitably soft spot in the enemy vehicle's armour. Against soft vehicles, like most [[:Category:Anti-aircraft_vehicles|SPAA]], the choice of ammunition for the main gun is fairly irrelevant, since a single shot should be enough to dispatch one of these, and remaining crew members can be taken down with one of the tank's [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|Browning]] machine guns, although HE is certainly the most effective at dishing out damage when armour is absent.

The HEAT round, unlike the HE one, has a tracer charge, which facilitates aiming. This is not critical, however, since the HE shell's sheer size allows for it to be seen without too much effort.

====Tactics====

The M4A3 (105) HVSS Sherman is a support tank, not a frontline brawler. Its adequate armour protection and a powerful gun put it on about the level of the [[M10 GMC|M10 Tank Destroyer]], but it has certain flaws and qualities that make it different than the usual Sherman tanks. Due to the 105 mm howitzer, knocking out the enemy crew in lightly armoured vehicles is a piece of cake. Aim for the enemy tank's lower turret to cause the most damage possible with the HE shells, as the HE shrapnel can be deflected down onto the hull roof and knock out the enemy crew. The 105 mm HE could also be aimed at the enemy tracks to blow it off, immobilizing the enemy. If none of the HE shells does damage to the target (which shouldn't happen most of the time), a well-placed HEAT shell, once unlocked, can easily set a tank aflame or blow up ammo stores. Don't get to close to enemy vehicles unless it is a limited traverse gun tank destroyer, in which case blow up its tracks with a HE that should do the trick.

A downfall of the M4A3 (105) is its average mobility, slow turret traverse, and slow reload. Therefore, it is recommended to stick to allied tanks like glue or rely on hit-and-run tactics. The low velocity makes long-range shots relatively difficult. Never stay in the sights of tanks such as the [[KwK 40 (75 mm)|long-barreled 75 mm]] [[Pz.IV F2]]/[[Pz.IV G|G]], StuG III [[StuG III F|F]]/[[StuG III G|G]] or [[T-34 (1942)|T-34]]/[[KV-1 (ZiS-5)|KV-1]]. These tanks can penetrate the M4A3 (105)'s front armour, some more easily than others. Try not to get hit in the rear area as it will set the tank on fire and immobilize it, putting it in an extremely disadvantageous situation.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

* [[LVT(A)(4) (ZiS-2) (China)|LVT(A)(4)(ZiS-2)]]: don't assume that you are indestructible in a downtier. If you see the giant boat-like chassis of a LVT but with a long cannon on top, be very careful. This LVT is able to penetrate your armour easily within 400 m, or if you are not angling the hull. To block its incoming shells, either angle your hull, be at a hull-down position or be >500 m away from it. While its shells can tear through your armour with ease, you can also effortlessly destroy it with your HEAT by causing a hull break. While you reload, don't forget to wiggle around in a patternless way to mess up its aim. Its gun traverse rather slowly, making it quite hard to keep up with moving targets.
* [[SU-122]]: this Soviet tank destroyer is dangerous as it fires devastating 122 mm HE shells. The overpressure will easily take out most if not all your crew with a good frontal hit. It can also penetrate you with HEAT even if you angle. It has the mobility to manoeuvre around quickly. Your HE shell can knock out its crew in return if it lands close to the crew compartment. Your HEAT shell can reliably penetrate its armour all round (excluding driver's hatch) if it is not angling.

=== Pros and cons ===

'''Pros:'''

* Devastating against lightly armoured tanks
* HE shells can cause serious damage even with a non-penetrating hit through overpressure mechanics
* HEAT shell option with approximately 130 mm of penetration at any range, making it able to take on even the KV-1 from the front
* Both HE and HEAT shells have a high chance of causing hull breaks on lightly armoured foes
* .50 cal machine gun on top can provide AA defence
* Good mobility, best hp/weight ratio of any Sherman
* HVSS suspension gives good cross-country mobility
* Wide tracks makes it easier to brake at high speeds and climb steep mountains
* Better sloped frontal armour that can withstand lots of punishment
* Smoke grenades (only USA Sherman equipped with them) and smoke shells are very useful for team support and self-protection

'''Cons:'''

* Poor ballistics, especially with HEAT shells, long-range fighting is not recommended, due to its extremely low shell velocity
* Slow reverse speed, retreating from dangerous situations may be a hassle
* Stock HE ineffective against even moderately armoured tanks
* HEAT shell post-penetration damage is somewhat punctual, follow up shots may be required at times
* Often targeted due to the large 105 mm gun
* Side and rear armour are very weak in comparison to the front
* Very slow turret traverse rate, relies on turning hull to get gun onto targets away from turret front
* Poor stationary turning ability combined with slow turret traverse makes flanking enemies a dangerous foe
* Long reload of more than 10 seconds
* Only equipped with chemical shells (HE/HEAT) which require a different playstyle compared to kinetic shells (AP/APCBC).

== History ==

The [[M4|M4 Sherman]] were originally equipped with the 75mm M3 cannon. Though the 75mm was thought to be an overall effective gun, certain situations called for more destructive power. Enter the 105mm M4 Howitzer, a mountable artillery piece for a tank. The army decided to arm the Shermans with these artillery pieces for a radical increase in explosive power. The first of its model was a [[M4A2|M4A2 Sherman]] with its turret mounting the formidable cannon in the M52 mount, these Shermans were designated '''M4(105)''' and were accepted into service in February 1944. Later, M4A3 Shermans were also being converted into 105mm with the name '''M4A3(105)''' When the HVSS was developed for the M4 Shermans by mean of the M4A3E8, the same was applied to the M4s with the 105mm because of its increased weight, so an improved suspension would increase mobility. These Shermans were then designated to '''M4(105) HVSS''' or '''M4A3(105) HVSS''' and remained that way to the end of the war. The 105 mm Shermans were produced by Chrysler Corporation at the Detroit Tank Arsenal. 800 M4(105) and 841 M4(105) HVSS were produced from February 1944 to March 1945, and 500 M4A3(105) and 2539 M4A3(105) HVSS were produced in May 1944 to June 1945. This brings a total of 4680 Shermans with the 105mm howitzer as its main armament during its production time.

After World War II ended, the M4A3E8 with the 76mm cannon and 105mm howitzer became the mainstay of the United States armoured forces as they were the most advanced version of the Shermans at the time. The M4 (105) are also quite good tank killers. Documents show that the HEAT rounds fired from the 105mm has penetrated through a Panther's frontal armour, which could kill the crew. Even then, the sufficiently powerful high-explosive rounds could cause massive spalling inside tanks, harming the crew inside.

=== In-game description ===
"In May 1944 the Detroit Tank Arsenal launched production of M4A3s equipped with 105 mm M4 howitzers. The modification happened similarly to the M4 (105) modernization, one of the most serious alterations of the tank's armament to be made. The upgraded turret boasted a 105 mm howitzer in place of the 76 mm cannon, making the tank capable of taking on many German models.

Shermans with the 105 mm cannon did not have wet stowage. Instead, their ammunition was kept in dry stowages, meaning that the storage bins were kept in the center of the battle compartment. The Detroit Tank Arsenal produced 800 M4A3(105)s between February 1943 and September 1943, though the earlier models did not have a cupola.

M4A3(105)s saw combat on the Western Front and in Italy between 1944 and 1945."

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=us_m4a3_105_sherman Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|_xCgMBOiA8U|'''High-explosive power''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 4:24 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|PUw2CQ8e0lE|'''Best Combo #1''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 0:55 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|QoKRrQfYfeE|'''Impenetrable and Penetrating tank - M4A3 (105) Sherman''' - ''HowToPlay1337''|V_FO5JBhjy4|'''M4A3 (105) Revisited Tank Review''' - ''NUSensei''}}

== See also ==


;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[StuH 42 G]]
* [[Sav m/43 (1946)]]

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:M4_Sherman|[Wikipedia] M4 Sherman]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/US/M4_Sherman <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Medium Tank M4 Sherman]
* [https://archive.org/details/FM17-76 [Manual<nowiki>]</nowiki> FM 17-76 - Crew Drill and Service of the Piece Medium Tank, M4 Series (105-mm Howitzer)]

{{USA medium tanks}}

T-80BVM

2022-01-28T04:02:15Z

U111970762: /* Main armament */

{{About
| about = Russian medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = T-80 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_t_80bvm
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Russian medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Red Skies"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The armour protection of the T-80BVM is one of the best, especially if the incoming round hits one of the Relikt ERA plates which are twice as effective as CONTACT-5 ERA against kinetic projectiles (meaning that the Leopard 2A6, one of the most dangerous opponents, cannot easily penetrate the UFP). The strongest parts of the tank are the turret front and a majority of the upper front plate. It does, however, have some weaker areas, the most important being the driver's hatch, the immediate areas of the turret surrounding the gun and its breech, and its lower frontal plate. These weak spots are however pretty small targets at range, and thus by hiding them properly, the risk of being hit can be minimized. Owing to its very low profile, a hull-down T-80BVM is a small target in itself; the weaker parts of its armour are even smaller.

Fuel tanks on either side of the driver can soak up some shrapnel and add to the overall survivability. However, as with all Russian auto-loaded MBTs, there are only three crew members so a well-placed shot is capable of causing a crew knock-out. It's also worth noting that the placement of the ammo rack, below the turret in a carousel-style setup, leaves the T-80BVM particularly vulnerable to side shots causing ammunition detonation. The protection of the T-80BVM is very similar to the T-80U in terms of the size and placement of the weak areas. The sides of your tank should always be protected, and when engaging an enemy, your front armour should always be aligned directly towards him to reduce the risks of a shot tearing through your weaker side. The tank does, however, have some Relikt ERA plates on its upper front skirts, meaning that you have some extra protection against KE penetrators, and a lot against chemical shells, until the ERA bricks are detonated (leaving the area vulnerable for another hit).

As mentioned above, the T-80BVM also benefits from the typical low silhouette Russian tankers will be accustomed to, with the vehicle being significantly smaller than its competitors. This allows the T-80BVM to be hidden behind small terrain deformities which other MBTs would otherwise be visible. It's also harder for an enemy tank commander to immediately tell which area is the most vulnerable.

'''Armour type:'''

* Cast homogeneous armor

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 50 mm (68°) || 80 mm ''Top'' 20 mm ''Bottom'' || 50 mm || 20-30 mm
|-
| Turret || Variable thickness ''Turret front'' Variable thickness ''Gun mantlet'' || Variable Thickness || Variable Thickness || 30-45 mm
|-
| Cupola || 80 mm || 80 mm || 80 mm || 45 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Relict: 20 mm High Hardness Rolled Armour
* Tracks: 20 mm

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

Overall mobility is exactly the same as the T-80U, meaning it can easily keep up with most top-tier MBTs.

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1937|rbMinHp=1106}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|2A46M-1 (125 mm)}}
The T-80BVM has access to the 2A46M-1 125 mm smoothbore main gun. This gun fires the same ammunition as previous T-64 and T-80 models. The projectiles include the 3BM60 (modern round for the T-80BVM) and the 9M119M1, a modernized 9M119 with a tandem charge and a slightly reduced speed.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[2A46M-1 (125 mm)|125 mm 2A46M-1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 38 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+15° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 38.1 || 52.7 || 64.0 || 70.8 || 75.3 || rowspan="2" | 6.50 || rowspan="2" | 6.50 || rowspan="2" | 6.50 || rowspan="2" | 6.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 23.8 || 28.0 || 34.0 || 37.6 || 40.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
The T-80BVM has access to capable rounds, able to destroy any enemy tank or vehicle it faces at the battle rating. The T-80BVM has access to the powerful 3BM60 Svinets-2 APFSDS.

'''3BK18M''', HEAT-FS - The 3BK18M is one of the first rounds the T-80BVM has access to, it can be considered a mediocre round for close to medium range as most of the enemies which will be faced will be able to withstand it due to composite armour. However, it is particularly useful when facing light armoured vehicles which are prompt to overpressure (SPAA, light tanks, etc) and useful when facing enemy helicopters as it has enough explosive mass and flight speed to be competitive as last resort. As a hollow charge, it is prompt to detonate mid air due to trees, bushes and fences. This makes the round difficult to use when in long range engagements as some field elements (forage, objects, etc.) may not be rendered and the round's velocity make aiming harder.

'''3OF26''', HE-FS - A familiar and useful stock round of 125 mm gun, the 3OF26 pack big amount of explosive filler that can kill light vehicles and overpressure hull down MBT with precision shots. As a high explosive, it is prompt to detonate mid air due to trees, bushes and fences. Its suitable for close range combat and terrain with less trees and bushes.

'''3BM42, 3BM60''', APFSDS - The T-80BVM has access to 2 types of APFSDS: the 3BM42 and 3BM60. The 3BM42 is a decent round with decent penetration and stopping power. While it lacks penetration to penetrate Leopard 2 tanks, Leclercs or M1A1/2 turret plates, it has enough penetration to hit and cause critical damage in weak spots and side shots. The 3BM60 however, different from the 3BM42, has much more penetration which can penetrate all tanks from all sides (be aware of Leopard 2 turret wedges and firing at M1A2 turret with an obliquity greater than 45°).

'''9M119M1''', ATGM (tandem) - The 9M119M1 is a tandem version of the previously seen 9M119 SACLOS ATGM. The main upgrade is the tandem charge, everything else remains practically the same with exception of reduction of flight speed.

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| 3BK18M || HEATFS || 550 || 550 || 550 || 550 || 550 || 550
|-
| 3OF26 || HE || 42 || 42 || 42 || 42 || 42 || 42
|-
| 3BM42 || APFSDS || 457 || 454 || 445 || 431 || 419 || 406
|-
| 9M119M1 || ATGM (tandem) || 850 || 850 || 850 || 850 || 850 || 850
|-
| 3BM60 || APFSDS || 580 || 576 || 567 || 555 || 543 || 532
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 3BK18M || HEATFS || 905 || 19 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 2,790 || 65° || 72° || 77°
|-
| 3OF26 || HE || 850 || 23 || 0 || 0.1 || 5,240 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 3BM42 || APFSDS || 1,700 || 4.85 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
| 9M119M1 || ATGM (tandem) || 400 || 17.2 || 0.4 || 0.01 || 4,720 || 80° || 82° || 90°
|-
| 3BM60 || APFSDS || 1,660 || 5.12 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''38''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|NSVT (12.7 mm)|PKT (7.62 mm)}}
The 12.7 mm NSVT machine gun, seen on all previous Soviet MBTs, can help take out some lightly armoured vehicles from the side as well as to destroy low-flying aircraft and helicopters.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[NSVT (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm NSVT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 300 (150) || 700 || -5°/+60° || ±180°
|-
|}
The coaxial 7.62 mm PKT machine gun however is lacking against enemy vehicles, it still can mow down some small bushes and fences to provide better view or use it to help pin enemies.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[PKT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm PKT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,250 (250) || 700 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The T-80BVM has a higher protection and better ammunition than the T-80U, meaning it is able to hold much more fire and deal more damage with the Svinets APFSDS than with the Mango APFSDS. The most dangerous enemy to the T-80BVM is helicopters, although the Relikt will usually protect against one or two missiles. However, it is still ERA, and will be blown off after it is detonated. Since the interior of the tank is so compact, this makes it easy for good pilots to knock you out in 2-3 rapid missile shots. To avoid helicopters, stay close to buildings or hide next to trees/large bushes and wait for an anti-air vehicle or a plane to take it out. Or use the ATGM or range finder to shoot down the enemy yourself.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Equipped with composite armour and Relikt ERA, protection and survivability is superb from the front, especially when hull down
* UBH upgrade enables increased side protection on the hull and turret
* Vastly improved gun handling compared to the T-80U
* Access to the powerful 3BM60 APFSDS shell
* Autoloader grants a short and constant reload time
* Most of the rounds are placed in the autoloader which helps the tank stay in active combat longer
* Good mobility

'''Cons:'''

* Base turret armor is identical to the T-80B
* While the front is covered with ERA plates, gaps between plates present small weak spots
* A tightly packed crew in a cramped interior means low survivability in case of a successful penetration
* Poor gun depression of -5° due to the low turret height, making it difficult to perform well in hilly terrain
* High ammo rack detonation hazard from side shots due to the vertical ammunition carousel in the centre of the hull
* Relatively low reverse speed, hard to fall back when flanked or damaged

== History ==

The T-80BVM is a current program for the Russian army in the modernization of Soviet T-80BV tanks to the level of the T-72B3 and T-90M main battle tanks, as well as unification with them. The modernization includes an up-to-date fire control system with a duplicate sight for the commander, and the ability to operate the 9M119 tandem ATGMs, as well as the "Relikt" ERA pack instead of outdated "Kontakt-1". Thanks to the latter, the protection of the vehicle from HEAT and AP projectiles was significantly increased.

The modernization of the T-80BVM takes place at the facilities of the Omsk heavy machinery plant (Omsktransmash) and enter service with units of the marines and motorized infantry of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

''- Taken from [[wt:en/news/7192-development-t-80bvm-era-of-improvements-en|Devblog.]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_t_80bvm Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|X08w5IAydF4|'''The Shooting Range #258''' - ''Round Study'' section at 08:34 discusses how to penetrate the {{PAGENAME}}.|4NPt7dr-fKo|'''The Shooting Range #256''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:25 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7192-development-t-80bvm-era-of-improvements-en|[Devblog] T-80BVM: ERA of improvements]]

{{USSR medium tanks}}
[[Category:ATGM vehicles]]

PT-76-57

2022-01-27T02:22:15Z

U111970762: /* Usage in battles */

{{About
| about = Soviet light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = PT-76 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_pt_76_57
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Direct Hit"]] as a reward for [[Battle Pass: Season V, "River Hunter"]].

Otherwise known as the PT-76E, the PT-76-57 possesses many significant upgrades, including night vision and a two-plane stabiliser. The main difference is the armament, a rapid firing AU-220 57 mm cannon fitted in a unique turret which, using the same BR-281 shells used in the [[ZSU-57-2]], proves very effective when dealing with numerous enemies at once. Compared to the ZSU-57-2 due to the similar armament, the PT-76-57 makes up having only half the firepower by instead having a significantly faster rate of fire. On a relatively mobile and low-profile chassis, the PT-76-57 can be a true menace on the battlefield when flanking otherwise heavily-armoured foes or tearing through lightly-armoured IFVs and light tanks.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

Overall, armour is extremely weak. You cannot rely on the armour to save you in any circumstance, as almost everything in the BR bracket can penetrate you at any angle, and at any range. The turret face averages around 35 mm of armour, the upper and lower glasis averages between 23 mm and 45 mm, and the sides are extremely weak, at only 13 mm of armour. The frontal armour and the angles will only protect you from heavy machine guns. Even light machine guns can penetrate your vehicle from the side, so if you disable an enemy's main gun, be sure to avoid showing your vulnerable sides to enemy machine gun fire.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour
* Cast homogeneous armour (gun mantlet)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 10 mm (79°) ''Top'' 13 mm (56°) ''Bottom'' || 13 mm ''Top'' 10 mm ''Bottom'' || 6 mm || 5 - 6 mm
|-
| Turret || 22 mm ''Turret front'' 30 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 18 - 22 mm || 15 mm || 6 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=465|rbMinHp=265}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|AU-220 (57 mm)}}

The AU-220 cannon is extremely effective in the BR bracket, as it can destroy any light tank at ranges up to 2.5 km, most medium tanks up to 2 km, and can reliably destroy heavies using weak spot sniping from 1.5 km. In CQB, the cannon is devastating, and the 20 g of TNT filler in the round ensure catastrophic damage from a successful penetration. The cannon performs best in CQB, or at ranges of less than ~1 km. At long range, use your laser rangefinder and pinpoint weak spots, or aim for the vulnerable sides. Some things to consider remain, though, like the relatively low muzzle velocity of the round, the low penetration at ranges beyond 2 km, and the fact that you cannot reliably destroy heavies frontally. Unlike most tanks, it thrives best in an uptier, where you face early MBTs with poor armour. Plus, the cramped crew compartments of these MBTs allow for consistent single-shot knock-outs from the sides.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[AU-220 (57 mm)|57 mm AU-220]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 100 || rowspan="2" | 120 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+35° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | 0.50 || rowspan="2" | 0.50 || rowspan="2" | 0.50 || rowspan="2" | 0.50
|-
! ''Realistic''
| __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| BR-281 || APCBC || 151 || 147 || 132 || 114 || 100 || 87
|-
| OR-281U || HE* || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5 || 5
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| BR-281 || APCBC || 1,000 || 2.8 || 1.2 || 9 || 20 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| OR-281U || HE* || 1,000 || 2.8 || 0 || 0.1 || 153 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''100''' || 21 ''(+79)'' || 1 ''(+99)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* As they are modeled by sets of 2, shells disappear from the rack only after you've fired both shells in the set.
* Rack 2 is a first stage ammo rack (autoloader magazine). It totals 20 shells.
** This racks gets filled first when loading up the tank and is also emptied first.
** As the {{PAGENAME}} is equipped with an autoloader, manual reloading of the gun is not possible.
** Once the autoloader magazine has been depleted, you can't shoot until the autoloader has been restocked with at least 1 shell. The restocking time is much longer than the normal reload time of the gun. Take this into account when playing.
** Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from rack 1 into rack 2. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready racks.
** The depletion order at full capacity is: 2 - 1.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|PKT (7.62 mm)}}

''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[PKT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm PKT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial
| 2,000 (250) || 700 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The PT-76-57 performs extremely well in the support role, or as a flanker type of vehicle. In smaller maps, try to avoid face-to-face confrontations with heavy tanks, as it will quickly get your vehicle destroyed. Instead, try to secure a good position near a cap point, or flank to a side route to surprise passing tanks. As a support tank, stick with friendly tanks, scouting and helping to repair as needed. Disable tanks for allies to finish when you can't, and destroy more lightly armoured targets. This tank performs exceptionally well as a flanker as well, as it is fairly mobile and can easily take out tanks from the sides. If a more aggressive playstyle suits you better, rush a capture point, find a secure position, and destroy enemies pushing into it.

;Notable enemies

* [[T26E5]], [[T34]], [[T32 Heavy Tank (Family)|T32]] - These American heavies cannot be taken out frontally quickly enough to avoid return fire. Either flank the sides to cook the ammo, or disable and let allies pick them off.
* [[M46]], [[M60 (Family)|M60]] - These American mediums are abundant at this BR, and cannot be reliable penetrated from the front. Disable the main gun and mobility first, then shoot the cupola to incapacitate ~ 2 crew members. If it is safe to push, get a sideshot for a crew knockout or ammo. Make sure not to expose your sides to machine guns.
* [[M48 Patton (Family)|M48]] series - These tanks can be penetrated frontally, or from the side, or the rear of the turret. However, with powerful weaponry and decent armour, they can easily disable your vehicle. Most of them also have rangefinders, so distance is not a sure way to protect yourself.
* [[SPz BMP-1]], [[BMP-1]] - These fast, mobile light tanks can easily take out enemies with the 73 mm anti-tank gun, or their missiles. Luckily, they are easy to take out, as 1-2 rounds will usually either destroy the ammo or knockout the small crew.
* [[Tiger II (Family)|Tiger II]] - This tank is heavily armoured, has a powerful gun, and excellent surviveablity. Ideally, you only face them from the side, where you can easily penetrate. However, from the front, you need to go in this order: Disable the main gun, then break a track, and then knockout crew by shooting the commanders cupola. This will incapacitate at least 2 turret crew members.
* [[Kugelblitz]] and [[Wiesel 1A4]] - These German AA's can shred you from any angle and most ranges, so beware. However, you can destroy them just as easily, so be aware of your surroundings. The Wiesel is exceptionally dangerous because of it's mobility and small size, so it can take key positions and show up behind friendly lines quickly.
* [[Marder A1-]] and [[DF105]] - The Marder has missiles and a rapid fire autocannon - two things that don't match with the PT-76-57 very well. The DF105 has a powerful HEAT-FS round that will one shot you instantly. Again, powerful light tanks are a major threat and a top priority.
* [[Centurion Mk.5 AVRE]] - This HESH lobbing medium tank is one of your most dangerous enemies, because even a hit NEAR your tank will cause destruction by overpressure. However, the long reload makes it extremely vulnerable for an extended period of time, and a penetrated commander cupola will incapacitate turret crew members. Make sure to disable the barrel first, though, or you will see the hanger screen very quickly.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Rapid-firing 57 mm autocannon can deal huge damage in a short amount of time
* Two-plane stabiliser grants it the ability to fire first, compared to most opponents which lack stabilisers
* 5-14x gunsight zoom is great for both short range and long range engagements
* Fast -17 km/h reverse allows it to pull out dangerous situations in time
* ~150 mm penetration plus 20 g TNT filler is deadly for side shots
* Has both smoke grenade launchers (2 salvos) and ESS
* Is amphibious

'''Cons:'''

* Inherits the PT-76 hull, meaning extremely poor armour and vulnerable to overpressure and strafing aircraft
* Only 3 crew members, meaning a turret hit will take your vehicle out with a single shot
* ~150 mm penetration will struggle against late/cold war heavy tanks like [[M103]], [[Conqueror]], [[Maus]], etc.
* Ammunition carousel layout increases detonation risk in the event of a centre-mass penetration
* Limited -5° gun depression restricts the tank's capacity in mountainous environment
* 20-round ready rack, while replenished quickly, is a weak spot easy to target

== History ==


In the early 2000’s, the issue of increasing the combat effectiveness of the numerous, but outdated PT-76’s was proposed to be solved in a very non-trivial way. Engineers of the Nizhny Novgorod design bureau "Burevestnik" combined the 57mm automatic gun developed in the USSR at the end of the 70’s with a mechanized ammunition rack, combining this in a combat module for a specially created turret for light tanks of the PT-76 series. While considering possible ways to re-equip old amphibious tanks with a new weapon, the small-caliber automatic cannon, although it was inferior to other variants of larger calibers in terms of armour penetration, gained a lot in terms of the burst weight to time ratio, as well as in possible applications - from destroying armoured vehicles (including a modern MBT when hit to the side) to fighting helicopters.

The AU-220 module itself, built on the basis of the Soviet S-60 anti-aircraft gun, has already been proposed for the fleet in the form of a remotely controlled shipborne mounting. For use on armoured vehicles, the module was equipped with a modern fire control system with night vision devices and a laser rangefinder. The prototype PT-76 with a 57mm gun, remained at a stage as a working prototype, however, the AU-220M module continues to exist as a promising solution for the latest vehicles in the Russian army.

''- From [[wt:en/news/7389-development-battle-pass-vehicles-pt-76-57-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_pt_76_57 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|hSLQiy5cnbk|'''The Shooting Range #280''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:27 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7389-development-battle-pass-vehicles-pt-76-57-en|[Devblog] Battle Pass vehicles: PT-76-57]]

{{USSR light tanks}}
{{USSR premium ground vehicles}}

Ki-83

2022-01-20T01:23:16Z

U111970762: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=ki-83
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese twin-engine fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.57 "Battle March"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 9,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 681 || 661 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 24.3 || 25.4 || 17.0 || 17.0 || rowspan="2" | 420
|-
! Upgraded
| 735 || 704 || 23.8 || 24.0 || 27.5 || 21.7
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 525 || 479 || 420 || ~14 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 460 || < 500 || < 520 || > 330
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 4,000 m || 3,860 hp || 4,246 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 9,000 m || 3,040 hp || 3,344 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 60 mm Bulletproof glass - Armoured windscreen
* 12 mm Steel plate behind the pilot.
* 12 mm Steel plate in the nose.
* 8 mm Steel plate in the fuselage.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Ho-155 (30 mm)|Ho-5 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 30 mm Ho-155 cannons, nose-mounted (80 rpg = 160 total)
* 2 x 20 mm Ho-5 cannons, nose-mounted (160 rpg = 320 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|Army Type 94 GPHE (50 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 50 kg Army Type 94 GPHE bombs (100 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==

The Ki-83 is truly an extraordinary aeroplane, boasting an often superior climb rate, top speed, and agility versus other propeller-driven aircraft. Ideally, all three would be utilised to bring the Ki-83 it's maximum effectiveness. The favoured tactic is to use the amazing rate of climb to get above your enemies. Upon take-off, pitch up into a 25 - 30-degree climb while using WEP. Once your engines begin to overheat (typically about 3,000 m) then decrease the throttle to 95% or 100% and continue at a 15 - 20-degree angle. A good altitude to level off at is anywhere from 6,500 m and upwards, but keep in mind other planes typically don't venture past 8,000 m. Once at your desired altitude, initiate Boom & Zoom attacks on any enemy aircraft beneath you. In the dive on the enemy aircraft, consider bringing the throttle to 90% or 85% instead of using WEP the entire way down to cool the engines. Don't worry, even without WEP the Ki-83 still dives like a beast. If you miss the initial pass, fret not! Simply increase the throttle back to the WEP setting and zoom climb away. If the enemy aircraft tries to follow you, execute some evasive rolls to throw off their aim, and then pull a hammerhead (once they have stalled out) by bringing the throttle to 0% and extending the landing flaps. Once the nose is pointed at the ground, retract the flaps and push the throttle back to 100%. Often, the enemy aircraft will not have had sufficient time to recover from the stall, and your 2 x 20 mm and 2 x 30 mms will make quick work of their aeroplane.

However, sometimes you will find yourself in a situation with an enemy on your 6. Now is the time to use one of the Ki-83's most surprising strengths -- its agility. Use a mixture of pitch changes (nosing up or down) and rolls to shake off the opponent's aim if they are diving on you to force them to overshoot. If you're lucky, you may even get a firing solution on them as they zoom away. Be cautious though, the late war props and jets that you will face at this BR can often out climb you if they had the energy advantage first.

Should a situation arise in which you need to dogfight an enemy, this is not the worst plane to be in for this scenario. Combat flaps can be deployed at speeds under 525 kph (352 mph), and landing flaps under 425 kph (265 mph). The Ki-83 shines most in a horizontal turning fight (especially with landing flaps deployed), as a vertical turning engagement can often bleed speed too fast and leave the Ki-83 a sitting duck to a plane that is more adept at vertical manoeuvres, such as a Spitfire.

When engaging bombers, be wary of their gunners and aim for their tails (to disable elevator control) and engines (to either break their wings, set their fuel on fire, or knock out engines). If you have the opportunity to engage the bomber head-on, take it. Aim for the pilots for a quick and easy pilot snipe. Do mind that the velocity on your 30 mm guns' tracer and standard high explosive shells are very different, the tracers have a speed of 920 m/s whereas the more effective ones have only 720, so aiming your tracers a little high can have better results than trying to land the visible shells on the target. This problem can be eliminated by mounting the all-tracers belt (made up exclusively of high explosive tracer rounds), which share the same ballistic properties and cause decent damage on hit (although less than the HE-F shells). Mounting the ground targets belt (in which all shells have the same speed, although 2 out of every 3 are much less effective against aircraft, particularly at range) or even the stealth belt, which is mostly comprised of shells sharing the same low velocity and lacks the misleading tracer phenomenon.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Auto controlled
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very good climb-rate (excellent for a heavy fighter)
* Excellent firepower
* Great top speed at all altitudes
* Extraordinary energy retention
* High red-line speed, can go over 800 kph in a dive
* Fast at diving
* Arguably Japan's top propeller-driven fighter
* Good firepower, featuring the Ho-155

'''Cons:'''

* Big target
* No engine armour
* Limited ammo supply for a heavy fighter
* No self-sealing fuel tanks catch fire easily and often doesn't take it out
* Engines overheat very quickly if manual engine control (MEC) is not used properly
* Loses a lot of performance once the engines are hit
* Hard to cool the engines down if they are damaged
* Below-average rate of roll
* Very high repair cost of 28,000 Silver Lions

== History ==

The Mitsubishi Ki-83 was an experimental heavy fighter designed near the end of WWII. Though it failed to reach production status, four prototypes were built. The aircraft was designed in response to a requirement for a new heavy fighter. The design team, led by lead designer Tomio Kubo, had previously worked on the Ki-46 'Dinah' twin-engined reconnaissance aircraft.

The aircraft was to be powered by a pair of Mitsubishi Ha-43 radial engines, each producing 2,200 hp at takeoff. The aircraft was armed with a substantial armament of two 20 mm Ho-5 cannons and two 30 mm Ho-155 cannons. The aircraft had a sleek, clean fuselage that was optimized for aerodynamics. During tests, the aircraft was shown to have excellent manoeuvrability and performance for an aircraft of its size, and also experienced much less engine problems than the preceding Ki-73.

Four prototype Ki-83 aircraft were built, but the war ended before full-scale production could begin. The aircraft was virtually unknown in Allied intelligence circles, hence why the aircraft lacked a reporting name. After the war, the USAF seized all four Ki-83 airframes, which were brought back to the United States for testing. One fighter, using high-octane fuel, was able to attain 762 km/h at 7,000 m altitude. The Air Force concluded that the Ki-83 was overall an excellent heavy fighter. However, the tides had turned against Japan's favour by the time the aircraft was developed, meaning that it would never see combat service.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ki-83 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/303444-mitsubishi-ki-83/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Mitsubishi}}
{{Japan twin-engine fighters and attackers}}

Maus

2022-01-14T04:19:28Z

U111970762: /* Description */

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_pzkpfw_Maus
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German heavy tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.47 "Big Guns"]] as a main tree vehicle, however as of [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]] it was shifted to become a gift vehicle for players who previously owned it. It was later reopened to research for a limited time during [[wt:en/news/6907-special-8th-anniversary-of-war-thunder-en|War Thunder's 8th anniversary]] and again for the [[wt:en/news/7408-news-happy-birthday-war-thunder-en|9th anniversary]]. The Maus is the definitive tank of ''heavy armour'' in Rank V and is one of the largest ground vehicles in game. The Maus can be a menace in the battlefield and conversely also a bullet magnet, a double-edged sword that must be played correctly or else fall victim to heavy enemy fire.

The "Maus" lives up to its reputation as a mobile bunker. The dual guns do great damage, however, against high-rank tanks it is best to use the 128 mm main gun. It is important to protect the back armour on the Maus and to make sure it does not get outflanked. Preferable used at long range and choke points. Best used as an armoured beast able to destroy vehicles and take any shot.

Speed on the vehicle is roughly 20 km/h. The sheer mass of the vehicle and its speed makes the mobility difference from the road to off-road negligible. The vehicle can actually turn pretty fast once at Gear 6, which is better than the Jagdtiger and some other Rank V heavy counterparts. Keep that in mind and use it as an advantage in {{Annotation|CQC|Close Quarters Combat}}.

The 128 mm is a great gun in-game, very accurate and perfect for mid to long range engagements. The reload is very good too for its calibre (23-second stock) that is a big advantage versus IS-4s, because the Maus has three seconds for an extra shot. KwK44 has the second best penetration value of any APHE shell in-game surpassed only by the 130 mm on the [[Object 279]] However, the APCR and HEAT shells of the T-54 and late US vehicles surpasses it. Damage wise the 128 mm PzGr.43 is equivalent to the [[IS-3|122 mm BR-471 of the D-25T]], where penetration usually means a knock-out.

Coaxial LMG? Pff, that's for normal tanks (But it is there anyway). On the Maus, everything is ''bigger''. The short 75 mounted alongside the main 128 originally served as anti-infantry and soft target weapon of choice. In War Thunder, these vehicle types are either not found on the battlefield or as latter only on certain maps. It comes without question that the 75 mm should be used against AAA, trucks and SPAA. However, the HEAT shell can be used to harass the enemy, lure them out/in of cover, or just damage medium tank's sides (T-54 and M46 do not exceed 80 mm of armour) tracks and even hull break some lightly armoured vehicles such as the BMP 1. In addition, the secondary cannon has a good reload rate of around 5 sec, thus it can be used to defeat [[:Category:Light_tanks|light tanks]] and [[:Category:Anti-aircraft_vehicles|SPAA]] without wasting the precious 128 mm ammo for more heavily armoured targets.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

*Rolled homogeneous armour
*Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 200 mm (55°) ''Front glacis'' 200 mm (35°) ''Lower glacis'' || 180 mm ''Top'' 100 mm ''Bottom'' 300 mm ''Weld joints''|| 150 mm (36°) ''Top'' 150 mm (31°) ''Bottom'' || 50 mm ''General area'' 100 mm ''Front roof''
|-
| Turret || 232 mm (3-53°)''Turret front'' 240 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 205 mm (30°) || 200 mm (15°) || 60 mm
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Armour on the Maus is quite complex, and definitely does not end with the above-mentioned values
** Gun mantlet is 240 mm thick and nicely rounded, right around both guns the armour is 300 mm thick
** Tracks at the front are protected by 100+60 mm plates (100mm basic plate + attached tracks)
** Behind the frontal upper plate on deck armour, there are many 60mm highly sloped plates of armour, protecting the engine vents and turret ring from HEAT/HE shells and some small-calibre fire
** Frontal part of the belly is also 100 mm thick (Would be probably good against mines/other explosives), the rest is 50mm
** Deck armour in front of these plates is also strengthened to an impressive 100 mm
** Side armour is split to two parts, top with 180 mm and bottom with 100 mm + tracks
** Even inside the tank there is armour - there are many 20 mm plates inside the tank, separating crew compartments from various modules, and partially protecting the interior from shrapnel that penetrated the tank from other areas
***One plate is at the rear of the tank, between the enormous transmission and the fighting compartment
*** Second one is more to the front, separating fighting compartment from the middle-mounted Engine and its radiators
*** Third is in the front between the driver's compartment and the Engine
*** Around the driver there are many more 20 mm plates, adding some protection to Fuel Tanks located there

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,549|rbMinHp=1,061}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|KwK44 (128 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[KwK44 (128 mm)|128 mm KwK44]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 68 || rowspan="2" | -7°/+23° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 6.6 || 9.0 || 10.9 || 12.0 || 12.8 || rowspan="2" | 23.66 || rowspan="2" | 20.93 || rowspan="2" | 19.30 || rowspan="2" | 18.20
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 4.8 || 5.6 || 6.8 || 7.5 || 8.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| PzGr || APC || 252 || 249 || 237 || 222 || 208 || 196
|-
| Sprgr. L/5 || HE || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37
|-
| PzGr 43 || APCBC || 272 || 269 || 257 || 242 || 228 || 215
|-
|12,8/8,8 Pzgr.TS
|APCBC
|312
|307
|288
|266
|245
|226
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| PzGr || APC || 930 || 26.35 || 1.2 || 19 || 786.5 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| Sprgr. L/5 || HE || 750 || 28 || 0.1 || 0.5 || 3,700 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| PzGr 43 || APCBC || 940 || 28.3 || 1.2 || 19 || 786.5 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
|12,8/8,8 Pzgr.TS
|APCBC
|1230
|9.85
|1.2
|19
|108.8
|48°
|63°
|71°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! Ammo parts
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! 9th rack empty
! 10th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''68''' || style="text-align:right" | ''Projectiles'' ''Propellants''|| 62 ''(+6)'' 62 ''(+6)'' || 55 ''(+13)'' 55 ''(+13)'' || 50 ''(+18)'' 50 ''(+18)'' || 45 ''(+23)'' 45 ''(+23)'' || 39 ''(+29)'' 39 ''(+29)'' || 33 ''(+35)'' 33 ''(+35)'' || 25 ''(+43)'' 25 ''(+43)'' || 17 ''(+51)'' 17 ''(+51)'' || 9 ''(+59)'' 9 ''(+59)'' || 1 ''(+67)'' 1 ''(+67)'' || No
|-
|}
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
Turret empty: 45 (+23)

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|KwK44 L/36.5 (75 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[KwK44 L/36.5 (75 mm)|75 mm KwK44 L/36.5]] || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
| 100 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 5.20 || 4.60 || 4.24 || 4.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| Sprgr. 34 || HE || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10
|-
| Hl.Gr 38B || HEAT || 80 || 80 || 80 || 80 || 80 || 80
|-
| Hl.Gr 38C || HEAT || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| Sprgr. 34 || HE || 420 || 5.74 || 0.1 || 0.1 || 686 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| Hl.Gr 38B || HEAT || 450 || 4.4 || 0 || 0.1 || 872.1 || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
| Hl.Gr 38C || HEAT || 450 || 4.8 || 0 || 0.1 || 875.5 || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| K.Gr.Rot Nb. || 423 || 6.2 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|center|framed|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''100''' || 76 ''(+24)'' || 51 ''(+49)'' || 26 ''(+74)'' || 1 ''(+99)'' || No
|-
|}

Turret empty: 76 (+24)

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|MG34 (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG34 (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm MG34]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,000 (150) || 900 || -7°/+23° || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

Versus heavy tanks, the Maus has all the advantages. While slower it can make up for this in close combat thanks to the good turn rate of both tracks and turret. Just quickly angle the Maus (both turret and hull!) and ''turn'' it almost invincible heat shells can still penetrate the angled turret, be advised. Try angling the front drive wheel at the enemy tank and turn the turret so that the armour is at ~45 degrees to the enemy fire. The tanks that pose a threat are the [[M103]], the [[M48 Patton (Family)|M48]], the [[T-62 545 (China)|Chinese T-62]], and especially the BMPs, and the [[Object 120]], basically every tank that has got HEAT-FS, ATGM, and the APFSDS that can penetrate more than 320mm of armor. One other good strategy is to capture the objective and just defend it. This can be really helpful to the team.

Versus medium tanks, the Panzerkampfwagen VIII can fight in {{Annotation|CQC|Close Quarter Combat}} with its great turret rotation speed, but at the cost of exposing the side armour and getting flanked, this should be kept as one's last and or only option. Distance is the ally of the Maus, which should be easy to do considering that the top speed is 20 kph.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* One of the most armoured tanks in the game
** Practically invincible, if angled properly
** Capable of soaking a large amount of damage
* Only vulnerable to large-calibre HE shells
* Very resilient to bombs and rockets
* Turret sides are as strong as, if not stronger than, the front of the turret
* Access to smoke grenades
* Surprisingly good off-road manoeuvrability
* Makes decently fast turns in high gear movement or in neutral steering
* Very difficult to immobilize, due to extremely thick track skirts
* Powerful 128 mm cannon
* Secondary 75 mm coaxial cannon is surprisingly effective when using HEAT rounds

'''Cons:'''

* Very slow
* Struggles on hilly terrain
* Requires good teamwork to perform adequately
* Slow turret rotation
* The sides of the Maus are littered with ammo racks
* Very loud engine, players will be able to locate the Maus just by the engine sounds
* Vulnerable at all ranges to modern rounds such as sabot rounds
* Towing is practically impossible unless it is done by another Maus
* Large bombs will commonly cripple the Maus, or detonate its fuel tanks
* Optics have little zoom capability, making it difficult for hitting long range targets
* Big target for ATGMs
* No modern armour of any kind, relies completely on conventional armour plating
* Secondary 75 mm is hard to aim

== History ==

===Development===
This monster of a tank started development in 1942 on the suggestion of Ferdinand Porsche to Hitler, which was approved. The first prototype was to be completed by 1943 and the project vehicle was designated the ''Mammut'' (Mammoth). The name changed in December 1942 to ''Mäuschen'' (Little Mouse), then once more to the '''Maus''' (Mouse) in February 1943, which stayed as its designation (and perhaps proving that Germany does have a sense of humour).

The prototype used Ferdinand's "electric transmission" that was previously used on the rejected [[VK 45.01 (P)|Tiger(P)]], the vehicle would be powered by an MB 517 diesel engine. The Maus has a suspension design with 24 wheels on each side, 2 per bogie with two bogies side by side and six bogies lining up from front and back. The armour was perhaps the most defining feature at 220 mm thick at the hull front, the sides and rear were 190 mm thick. The turret was even thicker at 240 mm on the front and 200 mm on the sides and rear. The vehicle was to also have a 128 mm KwK 44 main gun with a 75 mm KwK 44 gun as a coaxial. The overwhelming design was approximated to weight 100 tons.

The production plan was to have the prototype completed by mid-1943 and for 10 vehicles per month after the prototype delivery. Work would be divided between Krupp and Alkett for the production of the machine. The wooden model of the tank was presented on May 1943 to Hitler. It was then approved for production and 150 of them were to be built. With the final design finished, it was estimated to weight 188 tons now. Though Hitler and his peers saw it with much favour, Heinz Guderian criticised the Maus design because there was a lack of machine guns, thus it was extremely vulnerable to infantry attacks at close-quarters for the same reason as the [[Ferdinand|Ferdinand tank destroyer]]. The anti-infantry problem was solved with the addition of a coaxial machine gun and a ''Nahverteidigungswaffe'' dischargers, firing smoke or high-explosive shells in its surrounding area, installed on the turret.

===Production and cancellation===
Two prototypes of the Maus were made in 1943 and 1944. The first one, called ''V1'' was turretless and assembled by Alkett in December 1943, it was fitted with a mock turret that helped finalise the turret design in 1944. Here they determine the Maus was definitely too heavy for any bridges in existence so the Maus would ford rivers with a snorkel. The second prototype called ''V2'' by Alkett again had the first produced Maus turret attached with the 128 mm gun, coaxial 75 mm gun, and coaxial machine gun. In July 1944, Krupp was producing four more hulls, but these were scrapped and the whole project stopped on August 1944, though tests with the ''V2'' continued. The weight of the tank meant that the power-to-weight ratio was extremely poor, resulting in the Maus' ideal speed of about 8 miles per hour maximum in ideal conditions.

However, the Maus was never fully produced because it was the only tank that seized production because of a strategic bombing campaign that would ruin its production facilities. Adding to this, by 1944, the Red Army was advancing deeper and deeper into what was previously German-controlled territory. The vision that the Red Army might capture the testing grounds of the Maus prototypes and the prototypes themselves seem to come closer to reality. The Germans were forced to destroy the prototypes to prevent their capture by the Soviets, placing charges onto the ''V2'' prototype (the ''V1'' was only a hull so it wasn't combat-effective). The second prototype had the entire hull damaged as there was ammunition still in the tank when the charges went off, but the turret was mostly intact. The Russians captured the damaged prototypes and held them until the end of the war. After World War II, the Soviet Commander of Armoured and Mechanized troops ordered for the V1 hull to be attached with the turret from the V2 prototype. They had to use six ''Sd.Kfz. 9'', the largest half-track vehicles produced by Germany, to move the 55-ton turret to the hull. The fixed prototype was sent back to the Soviet Union for testing and arrive on May 4, 1946. Once this is done, the prototype was sent to Kubinka Tank museum in Russia where it lays today on display for the public.

=== In-game description ===
An experimental super-heavy tank built in Germany towards the end of the war. The project was developed by Ferdinand Porsche.

The first tank was assembled at the Alkett factory in Berlin on August 1, 1943.

The first trial run of the Type 205/1 tank was conducted on December 24, 1943. The turret still wasn't ready, so a load equal to the weight of the turret was placed on top of the tank. The prototype turned out to be quite maneuverable once it was able to leave the assembly area, where it had been rather cramped. According to those who had the opportunity to drive the tank, the Maus was easier to drive than the Pz.Kpfw. IV.

In November, 1943 a 44 caliber, 128mm KwK 44 cannon was built that was intended for the tank. The cannon's designation was later changed to 12.8 cm KwK 82. The weapon was tested at the Meppen training ground. The turret was installed on the 205/1 prototype on July 6, 1944, and on October 3, 1944 the armament was installed and the fully-outfitted tank was tested at the training ground in Kummersdorf.

Both prototypes were tested in Kummersdorf, but no reliable information on these tests is available. Whether or not experimental firing was conducted is also unknown.

Toward the end of the war, bodies and turrets had begun to be produced in addition to the prototypes that had been built.

As the Soviet troops were approaching in 1945 both prototypes were blown up. Soviet specialists were able to reconstruct one Maus from the wreckage. This rebuilt tank was delivered to the training ground in Kubinka in 1946, where various tests were performed.

The Panzerkampfwagen Maus can currently be viewed on display at the tank museum in Kubinka.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_pzkpfw_Maus Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<div><ul>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:Wallpaper MAUS 000012.jpg|thumb|none|300px|]] </li>
</ul></div>

;Videos

Gameplay/History:
{{Youtube-gallery|6ZtvfyAsmM4|'''The Shooting Range #68''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 09:31 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|B2woWvJK4ew|'''Top 7 most armoured vehicles''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 4:35 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|ly9JS6errQQ|'''Best secondary armaments''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 3:14 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|x97HKmhCRsE|'''The Maus''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|Zs9_u_plcSw|'''The Maus Super-Heavy Tank''' - ''Simple History''}}
Review:
{{Youtube-gallery|_x9vub-xk9Y|'''{{PAGENAME}} Tank Review''' - ''NUSensei''|SfMT-d6Kez4|'''Mighty Maus''' - ''TheDevildogGamer''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/devblog/current/737/|[Devblog] Panzerkampfwagen VIII «Maus»]]
* <nowiki>[Historical]</nowiki> Panzerkampfwagen VIII "Maus", [[wt:en/news/2825-historical-panzerkampfwagen-viii-maus-part-i-en|Part I]], [[wt:en/news/2831-historical-panzerkampfwagen-viii-maus-part-ii-en|Part II]], and [[wt:en/news/2843/current/|Part III]]

{{Germany heavy tanks}}

Maus

2022-01-14T04:17:39Z

U111970762: /* Description */

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_pzkpfw_Maus
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German heavy tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.47 "Big Guns"]] as a main tree vehicle, however as of [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]] it was shifted to become a gift vehicle for players who previously owned it. It was later reopened to research for a limited time during [[wt:en/news/6907-special-8th-anniversary-of-war-thunder-en|War Thunder's 8th anniversary]] and again for the [[wt:en/news/7408-news-happy-birthday-war-thunder-en|9th anniversary]]. The Maus is the definitive tank of ''heavy armour'' in Rank V and is one of the largest ground vehicles in game. The Maus can be a menace in the battlefield and conversely also a bullet magnet, a double-edged sword that must be played correctly or else fall victim to heavy enemy fire.

The "Maus" lives up to its reputation as a mobile bunker. The dual guns do great damage, however, against high-rank tanks it is best to use the 128 mm main gun. It is important to protect the back armour on the Maus and to make sure it does not get outflanked. Preferable used at long range and choke points. Best used as an armoured beast able to destroy vehicles and take any shot.

Speed on the vehicle is roughly 20 km/h. The sheer mass of the vehicle and its speed makes the mobility difference from the road to off-road negligible. The vehicle can actually turn pretty fast once at Gear 6, which is better than the Jagdtiger and some other Rank V heavy counterparts. Keep that in mind and use it as an advantage in {{Annotation|CQC|Close Quarters Combat}}.

The 128 mm is a great gun in-game, very accurate and perfect for mid to long range engagements. The reload is very good too for its calibre (23-second stock) that is a big advantage versus IS-4s, because the Maus has three seconds for an extra shot. KwK44 has the second best penetration value of any APHE shell in-game surpassed only by the 130 mm on the [[IS-7|Object 279]]

. However, the APCR and HEAT shells of the T-54 and late US vehicles surpasses it. Damage wise the 128 mm PzGr.43 is equivalent to the [[IS-3|122 mm BR-471 of the D-25T]], where penetration usually means a knock-out.

Coaxial LMG? Pff, that's for normal tanks (But it is there anyway). On the Maus, everything is ''bigger''. The short 75 mounted alongside the main 128 originally served as anti-infantry and soft target weapon of choice. In War Thunder, these vehicle types are either not found on the battlefield or as latter only on certain maps. It comes without question that the 75 mm should be used against AAA, trucks and SPAA. However, the HEAT shell can be used to harass the enemy, lure them out/in of cover, or just damage medium tank's sides (T-54 and M46 do not exceed 80 mm of armour) tracks and even hull break some lightly armoured vehicles such as the BMP 1. In addition, the secondary cannon has a good reload rate of around 5 sec, thus it can be used to defeat [[:Category:Light_tanks|light tanks]] and [[:Category:Anti-aircraft_vehicles|SPAA]] without wasting the precious 128 mm ammo for more heavily armoured targets.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

*Rolled homogeneous armour
*Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 200 mm (55°) ''Front glacis'' 200 mm (35°) ''Lower glacis'' || 180 mm ''Top'' 100 mm ''Bottom'' 300 mm ''Weld joints''|| 150 mm (36°) ''Top'' 150 mm (31°) ''Bottom'' || 50 mm ''General area'' 100 mm ''Front roof''
|-
| Turret || 232 mm (3-53°)''Turret front'' 240 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 205 mm (30°) || 200 mm (15°) || 60 mm
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Armour on the Maus is quite complex, and definitely does not end with the above-mentioned values
** Gun mantlet is 240 mm thick and nicely rounded, right around both guns the armour is 300 mm thick
** Tracks at the front are protected by 100+60 mm plates (100mm basic plate + attached tracks)
** Behind the frontal upper plate on deck armour, there are many 60mm highly sloped plates of armour, protecting the engine vents and turret ring from HEAT/HE shells and some small-calibre fire
** Frontal part of the belly is also 100 mm thick (Would be probably good against mines/other explosives), the rest is 50mm
** Deck armour in front of these plates is also strengthened to an impressive 100 mm
** Side armour is split to two parts, top with 180 mm and bottom with 100 mm + tracks
** Even inside the tank there is armour - there are many 20 mm plates inside the tank, separating crew compartments from various modules, and partially protecting the interior from shrapnel that penetrated the tank from other areas
***One plate is at the rear of the tank, between the enormous transmission and the fighting compartment
*** Second one is more to the front, separating fighting compartment from the middle-mounted Engine and its radiators
*** Third is in the front between the driver's compartment and the Engine
*** Around the driver there are many more 20 mm plates, adding some protection to Fuel Tanks located there

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,549|rbMinHp=1,061}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|KwK44 (128 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[KwK44 (128 mm)|128 mm KwK44]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 68 || rowspan="2" | -7°/+23° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 6.6 || 9.0 || 10.9 || 12.0 || 12.8 || rowspan="2" | 23.66 || rowspan="2" | 20.93 || rowspan="2" | 19.30 || rowspan="2" | 18.20
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 4.8 || 5.6 || 6.8 || 7.5 || 8.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| PzGr || APC || 252 || 249 || 237 || 222 || 208 || 196
|-
| Sprgr. L/5 || HE || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37
|-
| PzGr 43 || APCBC || 272 || 269 || 257 || 242 || 228 || 215
|-
|12,8/8,8 Pzgr.TS
|APCBC
|312
|307
|288
|266
|245
|226
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| PzGr || APC || 930 || 26.35 || 1.2 || 19 || 786.5 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| Sprgr. L/5 || HE || 750 || 28 || 0.1 || 0.5 || 3,700 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| PzGr 43 || APCBC || 940 || 28.3 || 1.2 || 19 || 786.5 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
|12,8/8,8 Pzgr.TS
|APCBC
|1230
|9.85
|1.2
|19
|108.8
|48°
|63°
|71°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! Ammo parts
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! 9th rack empty
! 10th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''68''' || style="text-align:right" | ''Projectiles'' ''Propellants''|| 62 ''(+6)'' 62 ''(+6)'' || 55 ''(+13)'' 55 ''(+13)'' || 50 ''(+18)'' 50 ''(+18)'' || 45 ''(+23)'' 45 ''(+23)'' || 39 ''(+29)'' 39 ''(+29)'' || 33 ''(+35)'' 33 ''(+35)'' || 25 ''(+43)'' 25 ''(+43)'' || 17 ''(+51)'' 17 ''(+51)'' || 9 ''(+59)'' 9 ''(+59)'' || 1 ''(+67)'' 1 ''(+67)'' || No
|-
|}
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
Turret empty: 45 (+23)

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|KwK44 L/36.5 (75 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[KwK44 L/36.5 (75 mm)|75 mm KwK44 L/36.5]] || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
| 100 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 5.20 || 4.60 || 4.24 || 4.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| Sprgr. 34 || HE || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10
|-
| Hl.Gr 38B || HEAT || 80 || 80 || 80 || 80 || 80 || 80
|-
| Hl.Gr 38C || HEAT || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| Sprgr. 34 || HE || 420 || 5.74 || 0.1 || 0.1 || 686 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| Hl.Gr 38B || HEAT || 450 || 4.4 || 0 || 0.1 || 872.1 || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
| Hl.Gr 38C || HEAT || 450 || 4.8 || 0 || 0.1 || 875.5 || 62° || 69° || 73°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics
|-
! Ammunition
! Velocity (m/s)
! Projectile Mass (kg)
! Screen radius (m)
! Screen deploy time (s)
! Screen hold time (s)
! Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
|-
| K.Gr.Rot Nb. || 423 || 6.2 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|center|framed|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''100''' || 76 ''(+24)'' || 51 ''(+49)'' || 26 ''(+74)'' || 1 ''(+99)'' || No
|-
|}

Turret empty: 76 (+24)

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|MG34 (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG34 (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm MG34]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,000 (150) || 900 || -7°/+23° || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

Versus heavy tanks, the Maus has all the advantages. While slower it can make up for this in close combat thanks to the good turn rate of both tracks and turret. Just quickly angle the Maus (both turret and hull!) and ''turn'' it almost invincible heat shells can still penetrate the angled turret, be advised. Try angling the front drive wheel at the enemy tank and turn the turret so that the armour is at ~45 degrees to the enemy fire. The tanks that pose a threat are the [[M103]], the [[M48 Patton (Family)|M48]], the [[T-62 545 (China)|Chinese T-62]], and especially the BMPs, and the [[Object 120]], basically every tank that has got HEAT-FS, ATGM, and the APFSDS that can penetrate more than 320mm of armor. One other good strategy is to capture the objective and just defend it. This can be really helpful to the team.

Versus medium tanks, the Panzerkampfwagen VIII can fight in {{Annotation|CQC|Close Quarter Combat}} with its great turret rotation speed, but at the cost of exposing the side armour and getting flanked, this should be kept as one's last and or only option. Distance is the ally of the Maus, which should be easy to do considering that the top speed is 20 kph.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* One of the most armoured tanks in the game
** Practically invincible, if angled properly
** Capable of soaking a large amount of damage
* Only vulnerable to large-calibre HE shells
* Very resilient to bombs and rockets
* Turret sides are as strong as, if not stronger than, the front of the turret
* Access to smoke grenades
* Surprisingly good off-road manoeuvrability
* Makes decently fast turns in high gear movement or in neutral steering
* Very difficult to immobilize, due to extremely thick track skirts
* Powerful 128 mm cannon
* Secondary 75 mm coaxial cannon is surprisingly effective when using HEAT rounds

'''Cons:'''

* Very slow
* Struggles on hilly terrain
* Requires good teamwork to perform adequately
* Slow turret rotation
* The sides of the Maus are littered with ammo racks
* Very loud engine, players will be able to locate the Maus just by the engine sounds
* Vulnerable at all ranges to modern rounds such as sabot rounds
* Towing is practically impossible unless it is done by another Maus
* Large bombs will commonly cripple the Maus, or detonate its fuel tanks
* Optics have little zoom capability, making it difficult for hitting long range targets
* Big target for ATGMs
* No modern armour of any kind, relies completely on conventional armour plating
* Secondary 75 mm is hard to aim

== History ==

===Development===
This monster of a tank started development in 1942 on the suggestion of Ferdinand Porsche to Hitler, which was approved. The first prototype was to be completed by 1943 and the project vehicle was designated the ''Mammut'' (Mammoth). The name changed in December 1942 to ''Mäuschen'' (Little Mouse), then once more to the '''Maus''' (Mouse) in February 1943, which stayed as its designation (and perhaps proving that Germany does have a sense of humour).

The prototype used Ferdinand's "electric transmission" that was previously used on the rejected [[VK 45.01 (P)|Tiger(P)]], the vehicle would be powered by an MB 517 diesel engine. The Maus has a suspension design with 24 wheels on each side, 2 per bogie with two bogies side by side and six bogies lining up from front and back. The armour was perhaps the most defining feature at 220 mm thick at the hull front, the sides and rear were 190 mm thick. The turret was even thicker at 240 mm on the front and 200 mm on the sides and rear. The vehicle was to also have a 128 mm KwK 44 main gun with a 75 mm KwK 44 gun as a coaxial. The overwhelming design was approximated to weight 100 tons.

The production plan was to have the prototype completed by mid-1943 and for 10 vehicles per month after the prototype delivery. Work would be divided between Krupp and Alkett for the production of the machine. The wooden model of the tank was presented on May 1943 to Hitler. It was then approved for production and 150 of them were to be built. With the final design finished, it was estimated to weight 188 tons now. Though Hitler and his peers saw it with much favour, Heinz Guderian criticised the Maus design because there was a lack of machine guns, thus it was extremely vulnerable to infantry attacks at close-quarters for the same reason as the [[Ferdinand|Ferdinand tank destroyer]]. The anti-infantry problem was solved with the addition of a coaxial machine gun and a ''Nahverteidigungswaffe'' dischargers, firing smoke or high-explosive shells in its surrounding area, installed on the turret.

===Production and cancellation===
Two prototypes of the Maus were made in 1943 and 1944. The first one, called ''V1'' was turretless and assembled by Alkett in December 1943, it was fitted with a mock turret that helped finalise the turret design in 1944. Here they determine the Maus was definitely too heavy for any bridges in existence so the Maus would ford rivers with a snorkel. The second prototype called ''V2'' by Alkett again had the first produced Maus turret attached with the 128 mm gun, coaxial 75 mm gun, and coaxial machine gun. In July 1944, Krupp was producing four more hulls, but these were scrapped and the whole project stopped on August 1944, though tests with the ''V2'' continued. The weight of the tank meant that the power-to-weight ratio was extremely poor, resulting in the Maus' ideal speed of about 8 miles per hour maximum in ideal conditions.

However, the Maus was never fully produced because it was the only tank that seized production because of a strategic bombing campaign that would ruin its production facilities. Adding to this, by 1944, the Red Army was advancing deeper and deeper into what was previously German-controlled territory. The vision that the Red Army might capture the testing grounds of the Maus prototypes and the prototypes themselves seem to come closer to reality. The Germans were forced to destroy the prototypes to prevent their capture by the Soviets, placing charges onto the ''V2'' prototype (the ''V1'' was only a hull so it wasn't combat-effective). The second prototype had the entire hull damaged as there was ammunition still in the tank when the charges went off, but the turret was mostly intact. The Russians captured the damaged prototypes and held them until the end of the war. After World War II, the Soviet Commander of Armoured and Mechanized troops ordered for the V1 hull to be attached with the turret from the V2 prototype. They had to use six ''Sd.Kfz. 9'', the largest half-track vehicles produced by Germany, to move the 55-ton turret to the hull. The fixed prototype was sent back to the Soviet Union for testing and arrive on May 4, 1946. Once this is done, the prototype was sent to Kubinka Tank museum in Russia where it lays today on display for the public.

=== In-game description ===
An experimental super-heavy tank built in Germany towards the end of the war. The project was developed by Ferdinand Porsche.

The first tank was assembled at the Alkett factory in Berlin on August 1, 1943.

The first trial run of the Type 205/1 tank was conducted on December 24, 1943. The turret still wasn't ready, so a load equal to the weight of the turret was placed on top of the tank. The prototype turned out to be quite maneuverable once it was able to leave the assembly area, where it had been rather cramped. According to those who had the opportunity to drive the tank, the Maus was easier to drive than the Pz.Kpfw. IV.

In November, 1943 a 44 caliber, 128mm KwK 44 cannon was built that was intended for the tank. The cannon's designation was later changed to 12.8 cm KwK 82. The weapon was tested at the Meppen training ground. The turret was installed on the 205/1 prototype on July 6, 1944, and on October 3, 1944 the armament was installed and the fully-outfitted tank was tested at the training ground in Kummersdorf.

Both prototypes were tested in Kummersdorf, but no reliable information on these tests is available. Whether or not experimental firing was conducted is also unknown.

Toward the end of the war, bodies and turrets had begun to be produced in addition to the prototypes that had been built.

As the Soviet troops were approaching in 1945 both prototypes were blown up. Soviet specialists were able to reconstruct one Maus from the wreckage. This rebuilt tank was delivered to the training ground in Kubinka in 1946, where various tests were performed.

The Panzerkampfwagen Maus can currently be viewed on display at the tank museum in Kubinka.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_pzkpfw_Maus Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<div><ul>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:Wallpaper MAUS 000012.jpg|thumb|none|300px|]] </li>
</ul></div>

;Videos

Gameplay/History:
{{Youtube-gallery|6ZtvfyAsmM4|'''The Shooting Range #68''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 09:31 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|B2woWvJK4ew|'''Top 7 most armoured vehicles''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 4:35 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|ly9JS6errQQ|'''Best secondary armaments''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 3:14 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|x97HKmhCRsE|'''The Maus''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|Zs9_u_plcSw|'''The Maus Super-Heavy Tank''' - ''Simple History''}}
Review:
{{Youtube-gallery|_x9vub-xk9Y|'''{{PAGENAME}} Tank Review''' - ''NUSensei''|SfMT-d6Kez4|'''Mighty Maus''' - ''TheDevildogGamer''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/devblog/current/737/|[Devblog] Panzerkampfwagen VIII «Maus»]]
* <nowiki>[Historical]</nowiki> Panzerkampfwagen VIII "Maus", [[wt:en/news/2825-historical-panzerkampfwagen-viii-maus-part-i-en|Part I]], [[wt:en/news/2831-historical-panzerkampfwagen-viii-maus-part-ii-en|Part II]], and [[wt:en/news/2843/current/|Part III]]

{{Germany heavy tanks}}

BV 138 C-1

2021-11-25T01:05:30Z

U111970762: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=bv-138c-1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Direct Hit"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


Even though the plane has 3 engines, it is very slow and its top speed is not high enough to escape from enemies.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 266 || 253 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 41.0 || 44.2 || 0.6 || 0.6 || rowspan="2" | 700
|-
! Upgraded
| 302 || 283 || 37.3 || 39.0 || 4.0 || 2.2
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || ___ || ___ || ___ || ~__ || ~__
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < ___ || < ___ || < ___ || > ___
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The plane has no dedicated armour, but its sturdy airframe makes it pretty survivable. When one of the engines is damaged, the plane can keep flying with the two remaining engines. A hit to the self-sealing fuel tanks will cause a fire and some damage to the airframe but the fire will not last long enough to destroy the plane.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC50JA (50 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 6 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (300 kg total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 20 mm MG 151 cannon, nose turret (1,000 rpg)
* 1 x 20 mm MG 151 cannon, tail turret (900 rpg)
* 1 x 13 mm MG 131 machine gun, dorsal turret (1,450 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and con ===


'''Pros:'''

.excellent baiter

* Excellent defensive armament
* Spare engine
* Effective glider, even with all engines knocked down

'''Cons:'''

* Small bomb load
* Can't land on runways since it is a hydroplane
* Poor climb rate
* No offensive armement

== History ==

Not immediately obvious, the BV 138 is one of the more unique vehicles in game: a twin boom fuselage is very rare for a seaplane design, the '''Sikorsky S-38''' the closest analogue and possibly inspiration for this one. The little known but brilliant aircraft designer Dr Richard Vogt was hired away from Kawasaki Aircraft in Japan to join the Hamburger Flugzeugbau (HFB), bringing with him some highly innovative aircraft technologies. One of his first projects was the '''Ha 138''', a twin-engine seaplane with gull wing similar to the PBM or the Be-6 but with twin booms to the tail plane, all to keep them high above the water. Unfortunately, the also highly innovative Jumo 205 diesel engines were underperforming so a third engine was mounted on the fuselage as an expedient modification.
The first Ha 138 (V1) was, well, a failure. The fact it did not crash in tests was a minor miracle. The next one (V2) redesigned to be a straight wing with integrated middle engine was not much better, but the lessons from these early experiments were learned and V3 was scrapped half started.

With the company now called ''"Abteilung Flugzeugbau der Schiffswerft Blohm & Voss"'', "Blohm & Voss" for short, the manufacturer prefix was changed from "Ha" to "BV" (the only all capital letter Reichsluftfahrtministerium code) and the completely redesigned BV 138A-0 (V4) was built. All the shortcomings from the first two designs were eliminated and the Reichsluftfahrtministerium (RLM) and the Luftwaffe (LW) was happy with the design and ordered it into production. There were still shortcomings with the underpowered engine, so to compensate mounting points for the HWK 109-500 booster rockets where added.

The original 138 was well armed aircraft for the period, sporting an early 20 mm cannon in the nose turret, very likely to attack boats and ships. Interestingly the bomb racks were added much later in the B version. It was literally a rack bolted under the right wing (and only the right wing), and could also carry small depth charges too. This was clearly an afterthought, and possibly a field modification for older units. The B version also sported standardized with MG 151 cannons (not clear if 15 mm was used at one time), the top turret being MG 15 or with the C model the MG 131. The BV138 also enjoyed an armoured fuel tank! The signature "Dr Vogt steel tube spar" was the main fuel tank, the wall was thick enough to resist machine gun rounds short of heavy AP cannon shells.

Called the "Flying Clog" for its wooden shoe-like hull shape, the plane was well liked by the crews. With an exceptionally long range and a comfortable cabin to work in, it was the eyes of the Kriegsmarine. Because the engines were diesel, it was common for the Flying Clogs to refuel from submarines at very distant locations.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=bv-138c-1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


* [[PBY-5 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7315-development-bv-138-c-1-ship-of-the-sky-en|[Devblog] BV 138 C-1: Ship of the sky]]
* [http://www.feldgrau.com/bv138.htm <nowiki>[Feldgrau]</nowiki> Blohm & Voss BV 138]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120210025648/http://home.swipnet.se/our_stuff/Planes/BV138.htm <nowiki>[SwipNet]</nowiki> BV 138]

{{Germany bombers}}

Tu-1

2021-11-23T01:11:35Z

U111970762: /* Flight performance */

{{Specs-Card
|code=tu-1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|StoreImage_{{PAGENAME}}_001.jpg|StoreImage_{{PAGENAME}}_003.jpg|}}
|store=10476
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Direct Hit"]]. A perfect addition for ground and naval battles at mid tiers.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Tupolev Tu-1 has a high top speed. However, its acceleration is noticeably slow as it is a heavy aircraft and it is degraded even further by the drag of bombs carried externally

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 7,150 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| ___ || ___ || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | 480
|-
! Upgraded
| 726 || 687 || 27.6 || 29.0 || 15.8 || 11.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 437 || 380 || 310 || ~__ || ~__
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < ___ || < ___ || < ___ || > ___
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


;Armour plates

* 65 mm armoured glass in front of and behind the pilot
* 12 mm steel on the pilot's seat
* 10 mm of steel behind the radar
* 65 mm armoured glass behind the radar
* 5 mm steel beneath the rear gunner
* 12 mm of steel in front of the dorsal gunner
* 12 mm of steel in front of the ventral gunner

All this armour and a good defensive armament makes for a pretty survivable aircraft. This plane also gets self-sealing fuel tanks, which helps liniting fire damage.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|NS-45 (45 mm)|NS-23 (23 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 45 mm NS-45 cannons, chin-mounted (50 rpg = 100 total)
* 2 x 23 mm NS-23 cannons, wing-mounted (130 rpg = 260 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|FAB-250M-44 (250 kg)|FAB-500M-44 (500 kg)|FAB-1000M-44 (1,000 kg)|45-36NU (450 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 6 x 250 kg FAB-250M-44 bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 3 x 500 kg FAB-500M-44 bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 3 x 1,000 kg FAB-1000M-44 bombs (3,000 kg total)
* 2 x 450 mm 45-36NU torpedoes

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|Berezin UB (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 12.7 mm Berezin UB machine gun, dorsal turret (250 rpg)
* 1 x 12.7 mm Berezin UB machine gun, ventral turret (350 rpg)

The defensive guns have limited coverage, so if an enemy aircraft comes from above, you will have a hard time defending yourself.

== Usage in battles ==

In RB, the aircraft is given a strike fighter spawn, meaning it does not have as much room to dive and gain speed as a bomber. The Tu-1 is capable of destroying enemy fighters in head-on engagements or unsuspecting attackers, thanks to its 23 mm and 45 mm cannons. For usage in combined forces, the Tu-1 makes for a very potent attacker, carrying three 1,000 kg ofbombs as well as the pair of 45 mm cannons having the option to fire API-T rounds, which can knock out all but the heaviest tanks at its BR from the tops and sides.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 2 powerful 45 mm cannons
* Great payload options with up to 3 tons of bombs
* 2 torpedoes in naval battles can sink battleships
* Has access to a target detection radar

'''Cons:'''

* Targeting radar is next to useless outside of simulator battles
* Weak against enemies from above
* Heavy weight

== History ==


=== [[wt:en/news/7329-development-tu-1-the-tzar-of-heavy-gunners-en|Devblog]] ===
Back in the pre-war period, while working on the Tu-2 front-line bomber, the Tupolev design team had the idea of creating a multipurpose aircraft on its basis that could perform a wider range of tasks, including escorting bombers at high altitudes and intercepting enemy aircraft. The first tests of the Tu-2 convinced the military authorities to initiate development for the role of a heavy fighter. However, the outbreak of the war forced the designers to focus on the modifications of the Tu-2 bomber series. Nonetheless, work on the version of the heavy fighter did not stop, moreover, one of the key components of the new aircraft was to become a radar, which would allow the location of targets at distances of up to 8 km and at any time of the day. Andrey Tupolev personally attended lectures on aviation radars, after which he enthusiastically started adapting the latest developments on his aircraft. In the meantime, work continued on enhancing the combat and flight characteristics of the aircraft. The armament was significantly improved compared to the original concepts - two 45-mm NS-45 guns were installed in the front of the bomb bay, supported by 2x 23-mm guns in the wings. The defensive armament of the aircraft was represented by two 12.7mm UBT machine guns. After experiments with the power-plant, the choice fell on the M-43V engines with a four-blade propeller. The finished prototype made her maiden flight only in the spring of 1947. Despite the good test results, the project of the Tupolev heavy fighter was not continued. The era of jet aircraft was approaching.

== Media ==


;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|ugkbuwD5zrg|'''The Shooting Range #273''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:30 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==


* [[F7F-3]]
* [[Tu-2]] / [[Tu-2S]]
* [[Me 410 A-1]]
* [[Hornet Mk.III]]
* [[Ki-83]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7329-development-tu-1-the-tzar-of-heavy-gunners-en|[Devblog] Tu-1: the Tzar of Heavy Gunners]]

{{AirManufacturer Tupolev}}
{{USSR strike aircraft}}
{{USSR premium aircraft}}

Su-6

2021-11-22T04:39:42Z

U111970762: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = premium Soviet strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Su-6 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=su_6_single
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Raining Fire"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 2,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 468 || 451 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 23.2 || 24.3 || 6.7 || 6.7 || rowspan="2" | 500
|-
! Upgraded
| 515 || 491 || 20.8 || 22.0 || 13.5 || 9.7
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 458 || 431 || 290 || ~10 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 350 || < 380 || < 395 || > 400
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 6 mm steel behind propeller spinner
* 6 mm steel under oil cooling systems
* 6 mm steel on both sides of fuel tank
* 6 mm steel on both sides of pilot
* 8 mm steel above pilot's head
* 12 mm steel in front of and behind fuel tank
* 12 mm steel behind pilot
* 65 mm bulletproof glass in front of pilot
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 underneath pilot)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|VYa-23 (23 mm)|ShKAS (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 23 mm VYa-23 cannons, wing-mounted (115 rpg = 230 total)
* 4 x 7.62 mm ShKAS machine guns, wing-mounted (750 rpg = 3,000 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AO-25M-1 (25 kg)|FAB-50 (50 kg)|FAB-100 (100 kg)}}
{{main|RS-82|RBS-82|RS-132|RBS-132}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 16 x 25 kg AO-25M-1 bombs (400 kg total)
* 6 x 50 kg FAB-50 bombs (300 kg total)
* 4 x 100 kg FAB-100 bombs (400 kg total)
* 6 x 50 kg FAB-50 bombs + 10 x RS-82 rockets (300 kg total)
* 6 x 50 kg FAB-50 bombs + 10 x RBS-82 rockets (300 kg total)
* 16 x 25 kg AO-25M-1 bombs + 10 x RS-82 rockets (400 kg total)
* 16 x 25 kg AO-25M-1 bombs + 10 x RBS-82 rockets (400 kg total)
* 10 x RS-132 rockets
* 10 x RBS-132 rockets

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros: fast firing 7.62 mm guns and heavy hitting 23mm cannons'''

*

'''Cons:quite slow for its br,top speed of only 491 km/h'''

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=ussr&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=assault&vehicle=su_6_single Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|ZnopLjce42E|'''The Shooting Range #225''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:28 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/497243-su-6-single/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Sukhoi}}
{{USSR attackers}}
{{USSR premium aircraft}}

J-7E

2021-11-17T02:56:41Z

U111970762: /* Enemies worth noting */

{{About
| about = Chinese jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other MiG-21 versions
| link = MiG-21 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=j_7e
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=Cockpit_j_7e.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Chinese jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Red Skies"]].

Based on the already well-developed [[J-7II]] and its modifications (J-7IIH/B/M; C/D), the J-7E offers a very different way to upgrade a [[MiG-21 (Family)|Fishbed]] from the Soviet approach - not only does it have a more powerful engine and additional fuel, it also comes with the iconic Chinese Fishbed's double-delta wing with slats, making it a formidable competitor in terms of overall manoeuvrability and especially at lower speeds, which no Soviet Fishbed can ever offer. With its newer PL-5B missile and large countermeasure capacity, the J-7E can prove its abilities over its competitors and use its amazing manoeuvrability to dominate close-quarters engagements in the hands of a good pilot.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The J-7E's airframe looks similar to the [[J-7II]] aside from the double delta wings, having a small nose and a thin fuselage spine like the early [[MiG-21F-13]] the J-7II was developed from. This contrasts with the Soviet MiG-21s, where from the [[MiG-21PFM]] onward, the noses and fuselage spines were enlarged to house search radars and hold additional fuel, respectively. To compensate for the increased weight and aerodynamic penalties, Soviet designers installed increasingly powerful engines. Even though the J-7E's new WP-13F (reverse engineered R-13-300 with some newer technologies) engine lags behind the [[MiG-21SMT]] and [[MiG-21bis]]'s engines in terms of maximum thrust, the J-7E actually weighs less than the [[MiG-21MF (Germany)|MiG-21MF]] and can make the most of its engine power. The acceleration and climb are not on the level of the legendary MiG-21bis but still competitive for a top rank fighter.

Thanks to the new engine and the slat-equipped double-delta wings, the J-7E has one of the most impressive manoeuvrability among all the current top-tier aircraft. The turn time is a whopping 29 seconds even when stock in RB, leaving most its competitors (other than F-5 family) behind by at least 3 seconds. Low-speed manoeuvrability and high-speed energy retention are greatly improved, addressing long-standing issues with the Fishbed family and presenting a pleasant surprise to new pilots. It is possible to make sustained high-G turns at above 1,000 km/h IAS without losing much airspeed at all and maintain good nose authority during spiral climbs or dogfights at near-stall speeds. The slats still work at 900 km/h, which helps with gun snapshots or missile leading at high speeds. The wing loading is lower than most contemporaries other than the [[J35D]] and [[Mirage IIIC]], which feature full tailless delta wings. The J-7E is very solid in close combat and can compete with Mirages and F-5s while dancing around heavier aircraft like [[F-4 Phantom II (Family)|Phantoms]].

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 12,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,187 || 2,156 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 28.5 || 29.0 || 153.3 || 144.6 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| 2,255 || 2,230 || 27.3 || 28.2 || 187.2 || 178.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 525 || 450 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 650 || < 600 || < 790 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Shenyang Liming WP-13F || 1
| colspan="2" | 5,712 kg || colspan="2" | 310 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 8m fuel || 20m fuel || 27m fuel
|-
| 1,200 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
| 6,306 kg || 7,176 kg || 7,692 kg || 9,500 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 8m fuel || 20m fuel || 27m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 4,100 kgf || 6,666 kgf
| 1.06 || 0.93 || 0.87 || 0.70
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 4,100 kgf (0 km/h) || 7,132 kgf (1,200 km/h)
| 1.13 || 0.99 || 0.93 || 0.75
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


The J-7E comes with a 10 mm plate behind pilot's head and a 16 mm plate behind the ejection seat. While it doesn't prove to be much of a concern of cannons, it does help to stop some smaller-calibre gunfire. There is also a 60 mm windshield that is durable enough to take some shots than all the remaining part of the aircraft. The armour still doesn't count for much considering that top-tier aircraft primarily rely on missiles and tend to have very powerful guns, so avoid being hit.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Type 30-1 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 30 mm Type 30-1 cannon, belly-mounted (60 rpg)

Because the addition of a new fuel tank to the lower left side of the aircraft and compensation for the weight of newer missiles, unlike its predecessor, the J-7E has only a single Type 30-1 cannon on the starboard side. It does have good ballistics and firepower (a few hits will rip apart most aircraft), but for pilots without good aiming skills the stingy 60-round ammo capacity will be very painful. Experienced pilots may prefer it over the 23 mm cannon used by most Soviet Fishbeds due to its accuracy and stopping power. In SB, the J-7E comes with a HUD and the ranging radar is linked to it, making it somewhat useful to track down enemies and gun them down with a bit more precision. However, pilots do need to compensate the offset of the starboard gun and aim a bit towards the left when shooting at closer ranges.

Belt selection is largely up to personal taste but the "Armoured Targets" belt is generally the most consistent, often dealing hefty kinetic damage to enemy aircraft. The APHE rounds have about 60 mm of penetration but it is not advised to use the gun against ground targets in mixed battles; they can be effective against thinly armored targets, but the limited ammunition should be reserved for aircraft and going on gun runs is very dangerous against top-tier SPAA vehicles.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|250-3 (250 kg)|500-3 (500 kg)|Type 90-1|Type 130-2}}
{{main|PL-2|PL-5B}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x PL-2 missiles
* 2 x 250 kg 250-3 bombs (500 kg total)
* 2 x PL-2 missiles + 2 x 250 kg 250-3 bombs (500 kg total)
* 2 x PL-5B missiles + 2 x 250 kg 250-3 bombs (500 kg total)
* 4 x 250 kg 250-3 bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg 500-3 bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg 500-3 bombs + 2 x 250 kg 250-3 bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 2 x PL-5B missiles + 2 x 500 kg 500-3 bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 2 x PL-2 missiles + 2 x 500 kg 500-3 bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 4 x PL-2 missiles
* 4 x PL-5B missiles
* 2 x PL-5B missiles
* 2 x PL-2 missiles + 2 x PL-5B missiles
* 8 x Type 130-2 rockets
* 2 x PL-2 missiles + 8 x Type 130-2 rockets
* 2 x PL-5B missiles + 8 x Type 130-2 rockets
* 16 x Type 130-2 rockets
* 14 x Type 90-1 rockets + 8 x Type 130-2 rockets
* 8 x Type 130-2 rockets + 2 x 250 kg 250-3 bombs (500 kg total)
* 8 x Type 130-2 rockets + 2 x 500 kg 500-3 bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 14 x Type 90-1 rockets + 2 x 250 kg 250-3 bombs (500 kg total)
* 14 x Type 90-1 rockets + 2 x 500 kg 500-3 bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 14 x Type 90-1 rockets
* 2 x PL-2 missiles + 14 x Type 90-1 rockets
* 2 x PL-5B missiles + 14 x Type 90-1 rockets
* 28 x Type 90-1 rockets

The J-7E has a lot of ordnance options to choose from. Several loadouts contain PL-2 missiles, and while the stock option of twin PL-2s is better than nothing, these primitive IR missiles are unlikely to hit anything in top-tier battles besides extremely complacent targets and should be avoided once the PL-5Bs are researched. The PL-5B is the first competitive missile available to any PLAAF fighter in War Thunder and is a strong selling point of the J-7E compared to its predecessors. It is listed as having a 20 G overload, equal to the [[AIM-9J]], and has a wide acquisition envelope like the [[AIM-9G]]. There are a few downsides. First, it only has a 4 G launch overload, which causes issues during heated turning engagements. Second, the seeker head is sensitive and will often chase after flares.  Use the PL-5Bs thoughtfully, either at long range and high altitude against unaware opponents or at opportune moments in closer combat where an enemy will not be able to pull hard and the J-7E can relax its overload for a split second to launch the missile (the wide acquisition envelope helps with this). The J-7E lacks any radar-guided missiles and cannot surprise targets in head-on engagements.

The J-7E's ordnance improvements are not limited to air-to-air combat. For ground attack, it has access to 250 kg and 500 kg bombs like the J-7II, but it now uses much improved Type 90-1 and Type 130-2 rockets as seen on the [[Q-5A]] instead of the weak 57 mm HF-5 rockets. It also has a ballistic computer and two hardpoints per wing, giving the J-7E the best ordnance capacity and highest precision of the PLAAF fighters. The 90 mm Type 90-1 rockets are equivalents of the US FFAR rockets and nothing special. The 130 mm Type 130-2 rockets have HE warheads and direct impacts will easily dispatch light tanks and SPAAs. Against top-tier MBTs, accurate hits to the turret and hull roof armor will work the best, as side impacts can be inconsistent. The Type 130-2s are launched in pairs, so two rocket pods will provide 4 salvos and four rocket pods will provide 8.

Multirole loadouts combining missiles and rockets, missiles and bombs, or bombs and rockets are available. They may be useful in mixed battles, for example bringing two Type 130-2 rocket pods or two 500 kg bombs to destroy ground targets while retaining a pair of PL-5Bs for fending off enemy aircraft.

== Usage in battles ==


The J-7E is something like a hybrid between a MiG-21 and an F-5 in terms of flight performance and role. It obviously is an evolution of the Fishbed and enjoys many of the MiG-21's strengths in top speed, acceleration, and climb. At the same time, the new design corrects many of the MiG-21's vices and it ends up being a very nimble dogfighter that can turn well and maintain its energy like an F-5. This gives it flexibility in terms of how to approach combat. At the beginning of a match, the J-7E can sideclimb and make its way to medium or high altitude, then cruise into battle at supersonic speeds. Distracted targets at similar altitudes are prime missile targets. When it is time to join the furballs below, the J-7E can swoop in on vulnerable targets and put its agility to use.

Gunning straight into battle at lower altitudes from the start of a match, which is customary for Fishbeds, is also an option. Start to "patrol" for anyone who is possibly in their tunnel vision (where a person has only a little FOV due to his speed), then go ahead and assault them with your powerful PL-5B AAMs. They can make short work of the enemies in an ideal case but do keep your launch overload in check as mentioned. If you only have PL-2s, which are barely better than no missiles, or even worse, only the cannon left, be very cautious on when should you fire a burst or launch the missiles. If you wasted the chance, pilots can meet their demise pretty quick if your team is on the disadvantage. And it should be reminded that unless really necessary or it is one-on-one dual with your enemy, in most cases '''do not''' dogfight for very long times to avoid presenting a slow and easy target for outside enemies to pick off. But if you have to, bleed the opponent's energy as much as you could: your higher thrust-to-weight ratio and double-delta shine here, assisting in getting on the enemy's six and staying there.

The new PL-5B introduced to the PLAAF arsenal can on paper pull 20 G upon its targets while suffering from a 4G launch limit and an unusual weight. As discussed earlier, it is unwise to use the PL-5B as a close range dogfight missile in the same way as the AIM-9J. It is definitely leagues ahead of the PL-2 and can still work in a pinch, but long range shots against unaware opponents are safer kills. The PL-5B can send careless enemies straight back to the hangar upon a successful impact with its higher explosive equivalent load. But all this come at a price: you only have the starboard Type 30-1 cannon as the last ditch weapon, and thus you have only 60 rounds just like the original [[MiG-21F-13]]. Players who have experience with the [[J-6A]] and [[J-7II]] should have a good idea of the cannon's ballistics, but the off-center placement may take some getting used to. In this case, pilots should pick enemies who have recently manoeuvred, then go straight upon them and aim a bit to the left to compensate the gun's placement; a burst from 30 mm can tear down anything that flies with some precision.

Countermeasures and a radar warning receiver allow the J-7E to have good defensive capabilities, but the aircraft only has a ranging radar instead of a proper search radar. This means that the RWR is the primary source of information on enemy positions besides the in-game spotting mechanic. Remember that some aircraft like the [[F-5C]] do not have a radar at all and those that do can still turn their radar search off to preserve stealth. The J-7E does not have any radar guided missiles and the primitive radar is not relevant during active combat.

=== Enemies worth noting ===

* [[F-5E|F-5]] series: F-5s are always a tough enemy to deal with due to its smaller size and above average manoeuvrability, making him the arch-enemy of J-7E. But thanks to your overall higher thrust-to-weight ratio and double-delta, you can still do some dogfight with him but be caution with your next step: one small wrong move can mean your quick demise. The best solution to handle F-5s are your PL-5Bs, if they are careless enough, they will not have the chance to fly back to the airfield since they have already been shattered by the explosive mass of the missile. If missile is not an option, keep as fast as you could and leave the airspace for another attack run; only hitting him when the tides of battle really allows you to do so.

* [[Mirage IIIE|Mirage III]] series: they have the infamous [[Matra R550 Magic 1|Magic R.550]] and [[Matra R530]] at their disposal and these missiles can send anything that flies back to the hangar with ease. Their high angle of attack also worth mentioning since they can still sacrifice some more speed in the short run and hit you with the cannons. In this case, keep your speed, try to bleed their energy and avoid their Magics with flares, without them, the J-7E with its higher acceleration and energy retention can duel the Mirage III with relative ease.

* [[J35D]]: Currently the only other fighter in War Thunder with a double-delta wing, the Draken has incredibly low wing loading, a good thrust-to-weight ratio, and powerful RB24J missiles that are functionally identical to AIM-9Js. Its missiles are not quite as potent as the Magics used by the Mirages, but the plane can pull off some very impressive manoeuvres, so be cautious when dogfighting with a Draken for the first few turns and be prepared to drop flares if necessary. The Draken's design is a double edged sword however, because the entire aircraft being a lifting body means that it acts like an enormous airbrake during hard turns, losing immense speed. The tailed double-delta configuration of the J-7E is more balanced and its superior energy retention will give a careful pilot the upper hand in an extended engagement. The J35D also lacks flares, is a large target, and has an even more awkward gun placement than the J-7E, so it's not particularly threatening when its speed is gone.

* [[F-4 Phantom II (Family)|F-4 Phantoms]]: Other than the [[F-4C]]: All top-tier Phantoms are large, bulky planes that will suffer heavily in a dogfight with the J-7E, but they are fast and may be able to outrun the J-7E and other Fishbeds at low altitude courtesy of their higher rip speeds (less so for the FGR/FG if they are carrying gun pods). Careful Phantom pilots will maintain their energy and repeatedly sling missiles at the J-7E while avoiding dogfights, and they also carry plenty of flares to avoid return fire from PL-5Bs. The British Phantoms boast pulse-doppler radars that can guide AIM-7 Sparrows against ground clutter while staying at high altitude. The J-7E has a radar warning receiver and an impressive supply of countermeasures for a light fighter, so long range Sparrow shots can be detected and evaded, but such launches are still annoying to deal with and can wear down the J-7E. Coordinate with teammates, trash their Sparrow shots to force them to switch to short-range IR missiles, and bait them into close quarters engagements where the J-7E excels. The German [[F-4F]] lacks radar-guided missiles despite being otherwise modern, so it is less of a threat.
* [[JA37C|JA37C Viggen]]: Another very iconic jet from Sweden and it is among the most advanced and manoeuvrable jets; the first mass-produced jet that ever comes with a canard. With one of the highest climb rate thanks to its aerodynamic design and powerful engine, as well as an advanced radar with look-down capabilities, this jet among with Phantoms are tough targets to engage. So a good way to avoid quick demise from their Skyflash missiles is to stay as low as you could, where its radar couldn't detect with ease, and try to take a detour behind the enemy lines where they will be concentrated on your teammates, then strike them when they are unaware of it. If that is not the case and you have gone into a dogfight with it, do not head-on as you are a piece of cake to Skyflash. Keep also your speed and manoeuvres in check, bite on its tail as much as you can, since there's a risk for the J-7E to overshoot and get shot by the Viggen's 30 mm cannons.
* [[MiG-23M]] , MIG-23MLD and [[MiG-27M]]: The duo of late Soviet variable-swept wing aircraft in game, the Floggers have a higher thrust than J-7E does and it does come with better avionics and head-on capable R-60M missiles(besides the MLD) which can make short work of careless players, R-24T on MiG-23MLD also worth mentioning as they have quite a long radius and IRST guided so it doesn't trigger your RWR. But the good news is that in many cases, if the enemy player didn't pay enough attention to tailing J-7E, they are still easy preys to your missiles or sometimes your 30 mm cannons, with such a large airframe, hits can be achieved with ease; but do note that some experienced players will manually control the swept angle of the wings and keep in dogfight for quite a while.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* New engines with higher thrust and overall acceleration thanks to the lighter weight than Soviet MiG-21s.
* Unique double-delta wings that gives impressive manoeuvrability and energy retention at its tier.
* Is the first Chinese aircraft with a multifunctional HUD, and also the first PLAAF aircraft with CCIP.
* Comes with RWR and 72 countermeasures.
* PL-5B missiles, if used properly, can make very short work of your enemies with its 20G overload.
* Good selection of ground attack weaponry, including powerful 130 mm rockets

'''Cons:'''

* Single gun on starboard with only 60 rounds.
* Missile launch overload of only 4G.
* Lacking of any form of advanced radars and radar-guided weaponry.

== History ==

The CAC J-7 Fishbed (alternatively called a Fishcan to differentiate from the [[MiG-21 (Family)|Soviet built ones]]) has entered PLAAF service since late 1960s, but due to the political turmoil and lack of documents due to Sino-Soviet split, it was until the mid-1970s where the [[J-7II]] has a steady pace of manufacture. The 4th major revision of this airframe, J-7IV, aka J-7E, needs to trace back to the 1980s.

In the early 1980s, Mainland China had better relationships with European countries who seek to open up their military equipment market; thus during these days the older J-7II received a overhaul upgrade coded J-7B (or F-7M in foreign market) with British electronic equipment provided by GEC Marconi; while at the same time Chinese got their hands on a few [[MiG-21MF (Germany)|MiG-21MF]] from Egypt for upgrading the PLAAF fleet with a faster and radar-equipped aircraft, which later became the J-7C/D. They however failed to meet PLAAF's requirements on low speed dogfight doctrine and only a mere 54 of these aircrafts were manufactured, though they were impressed by the R-13-300 engines on them and thus it became the Shenyang Liming WP-13 engine.

Although all these must be supported with a higher military budget (which wasn't available in the 1980s due to the economic reform) and during the late 1980s, most of the budget went to the later J-10 "Firebird"; while there were the mass of the older Shenyang [[J-6A|J-6]] fleet that needed replacement and PLAAF was in dire need for a fighter that came with ground-attacking capabilities (even the Shenyang J-8II was among the modified aircraft), so the CAC (Chengdu Aircraft Corp.) decided to made an upgrade on J-7 based on the opinion from foreign users, especially in terms of manoeuvrability .

Thus, the J-7IV (that later became the J-7E) program started in 1987 and by May 1991, it made its first flight and 2 years later it came into PLAAF commission.

The main improvement was the manoeuvrability, with the new WP-13 engine and the iconic double-delta designed by Northwestern Polytechnical University (西北工业大学 in Xi'an, Shaanxi) with a slat that can be lowered to 25° (and in fact the first PRC fighter with slats) that really helped its manoeuvrability - in a PLAAF's exercise in 1993, it was concluded that it was 43% better than older J-7II, as well as longer range with additional fuel tanks at the cost of giving up the port side cannon due to decreasing usage of cannons. Other improvements included additional pair of pylon, domestic avionics with a HUD, as well as some of the cockpit gauges were digital.

These 260 J-7Es built from 1994 to 2001 became the gap filler for PLAAF in the struggling days during the heat of 2nd Taiwan Strait Crisis; in 2006, based on the later F-7PG that came with an Italian radar (later domestic radar); the ultimate Fishbed of Mainland China- the J-7G came into service, with HMDs and latest avionics. Both serving as a supplementary jets to frontline airfields and cheaper solution to fill the gap until newer J-10C and J-11 series replace them.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=j_7e Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|uPiZbwP0IUA|'''My Definite Favourite - J-7E Red Skies''' - ''DEFYN''|yQfhODlSmJo|'''The Shooting Range #257''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:27 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|cSY9Dymym9A|'''The Most Underrated Plane Of Patch 2.7: J-7E''' - ''Spit_flyer''}}

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/526070-chengdu-j-7e/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Chengdu}}
{{China jet aircraft}}

A2D-1

2021-11-16T03:13:42Z

U111970762: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=a2d
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_a2d.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} American strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.89 "Imperial Navy"]].

The {{PAGENAME}} was outfitted with the Allison XT40A turboprop engine, effectively doubling the horsepower over the [[AD-2|AD-2 ''Skyraider'']], however, installation of contra-rotating propellers was needed to harness all of that power. To accommodate this new thrust, the wing roots were decreased in their thickness while the tail section became larger and taller in order to stabilize the aircraft when under power. With the new engine situated, it was time to focus on the armament of the aircraft. Basic offensive 20 mm cannons were implemented, placing two in each wing with each gun being loaded with 400 rounds of ammunition, twice the firepower as on the Skyraider!

The Douglas {{PAGENAME}} did not have the same legacy as the A-1 Skyraider, however here in War Thunder new life has been given to this hybrid turbo-prop fighter allowing it to find a niche as a strike aircraft turned fighter and/or bomber, all depending on the ordnance outfitted by the pilot. Not to be underestimated, though having a bulky airframe, the {{PAGENAME}} has the speed and ordnance which can help in turning the tide of a battle. Often this aircraft will come up against jet aircraft, but its lack of speed can be made up in manoeuvrability and skill of the pilot in command.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

'''5500 shaft horsepower''' (!sic) — Let this sink in for a moment. Nigh triple that of the another contra-rotating propeller machine in the game, the [[Seafire FR 47|Seafire Mk.47]] - queen of the Spitfires. Furthermore looking at the statistics, one sees more to be gay about. The top speed rivals early jets, rate of climb is phenomenal and the short take off run speaks for a great acceleration. Every characteristic tells the tale of a great [[energy fighting]] machine. This [[:Category:Attackers|attacker]] is very much unlike its older cousin the [[AD-2|AD-2 ''Skyraider'']].

But the devil is in the detail. The wing loading is exceptional high >220 kg/m², sitting even above the [[P-47 (Family)|P-47 ''Thunderbolt'']]. It further does so in category of weight and size. Make no mistake, the Skyshark is a Sky''whale'' and flies appropriately at times. Due the weight, the elevator authority feels weak and one will kiss the ground more than once, before learning to fly with the momentum properly. Rapid pitch changes are not the Skysharks forte, an abusable fact known to aces. Worse still is the jittery behaviour while manoeuvring or taking aim. Again the aircraft<nowiki>'</nowiki>s mass will delay any inputs, especially noticeable in [[Simulator Battles|simulator mode]]. Another quirk is the engine itself: As a turboprop the jets require a spool-up time when going from low to high power.

Of course one wants to exploit the A2D ''Skysharks''<nowiki/>' advantages. From above we can notice a plane much simuilar to it: The [[P-47M-1-RE|P-47M ''Thunderbolt'']]. However, in one thing they are apart: Their climb rate, the Bolt<nowiki>'</nowiki>s Achilles heel. Further the acceleration is better, thanks to the 5500 shaft-hp allowing for a better sustained turn rate despite mediocre manoeuvrability. This allows the A2D to outshine many early jets in turn dogfights. Maintaining a Yo-Yo with 350 km/h IAS is possible and sadly necessary, any slower than this and the aircraft becomes less responsive. A rare case were lower speeds reduce overall controllability. Again the max weight rears its ugly head.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 8,534 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
|796||796|| rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} ||25.6||26.2||32.4||32.1|| rowspan="2" | 350
|-
! Upgraded
| 796 || 796 || 24.5 || 25.0 || 36.4 || 34.4
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} ||428|| 351 || 300 || ~9 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 460 || < 480 || < 460 || N/A
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 1,000 m || 5,034 hp || N/A
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


The {{PAGENAME}} has no protection for the pilot which makes it very vulnerable to AAA and other aircraft. The radar is also vulnerable to being hit. Belly landings can lead to the aircraft destroying itself beyond repair, but if done in a certain way now, due to damage model changes, the {{PAGENAME}} can indeed belly land.

The propeller driveshaft besides the engines is the most important part of maintaining thrust, as if it is damaged too much the engine condition will not matter and a loss of airspeed will occur. The A2D1 can still fly on one engine if the prop driveshaft and the one said engine is lightly damaged or undamaged. The {{PAGENAME}}'s fuel tank is quite prone to fires as it is a big target due to being in the fuselage. While this may seem bad, do not let this discourage you from executing boom-and-zoom tactics.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|T31 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 20 mm T31 cannons, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 800 total)

The T31 is a modification of the Hispano-Suiza system and an improvement from the AN-M2 cannon, mostly in weight though. The quadrupple punch is a welcomed upgrade from the Skyraiders. However as the autocannons are mounted in the wings, the pilot must be cognizant of their range to the target and their convergence setting to ensure the ammunition hits the target and doesn't just fly on by.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AN-M57 (250 lb)|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|AN-M65A1 (1,000 lb)|AN-M66A2 (2,000 lb)}}
{{main|HVAR|Mk.13-1 Case (1,927 lb)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 20 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (5,000 lb total)
* 20 x HVAR rockets
* 10 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (5,000 lb total)
* 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)
* 2 x 2,000 lb AN-M66A2 bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 2 x 2,000 lb AN-M66A2 bombs + 8 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (8,000 lb total)
* 2 x 2,000 lb AN-M66A2 bombs + 20 x HVAR rockets (4,000 lb total)
* 2 x 1,927 lb Mk.13-1 Case torpedoes

Twenty-two total hardpoints allow the {{PAGENAME}} to carry an abundance of suspended ordnance much like the Skyraider. Choices of bombs, rockets and torpedoes open up the possibility of targets which can be engaged. Choices in bombs provide options with either 250 lb, 500 lb, 1,000 lb and 2,000 lb bombs. With these targets can range from mobile light trucks, anti-aircraft artillery, tanks, pillboxes and even bases. HVAR rockets provide flexibility to allow the {{PAGENAME}} to fire them from any angle (a restriction which bombs have) as the aircraft descends towards the target. The Mk.13-1 Case torpedoes are outfitted with a special frangible wooden drag ring and box stabilizer which allow for the torpedo to be dropped at high speeds and from higher altitudes than unmodified torpedoes making them a perfect option for the {{PAGENAME}} when taking on an anti-shipping role.

== Usage in battles ==

In [[Arcade Battles|Arcade]] and [[Realistic Battles]], the A2D-1 can climb with no extra armament to become top cover for the allied fighters, or alternatively escort bombers to their designation. It can also carry one of its most hard hitting armaments and destroy several ground targets or destroy two bases. Though in [[Simulator Battles]] the jittery controls and lack of control make it more akin to a [[B-57B]] fast jet bomber.

;''Dogfights''

With its outstanding acceleration and climb-rate the Skyshark can safely assault hostile ground forces and then decide to join the fray, by either assault climbing the closest hostile, relying on its acceleration to gain an energy advantage mid dogfight, or return to allied fighter pack to rejoin their climb. Going straight for the climb from the start will put the A2D at an immense energy advantage should the fight start.

Preferred combat styles are [[energy fighting]], due its aforementioned acceleration and climb-rate, but also [[BnZ|Boom and Zoom]] for the Skyshark is a heavy weight, note though it can easily reach its terminal velocity and loose all wings, coupled with the slow spool-up-time of the engine from low power, a provident engine and air-brake control is paramount! The G-Suit is a welcomed addition, but will often lead to ripped wings via g-forces in diving maneuvers.

Combat versus Jets differs amusingly little than versus propeller crafts. After easily gaining an altitude advantage, dive on the hostile and force it to break away (turn), hence losing speed and energy. Three things could happen now.

# the enemy jet dives - do not try follow too long, your terminal speed is lesser than most jets -> regain altitude,
# the enemy jet runs - hostile didn't lose too much speed, or assumes the A2D<nowiki>'</nowiki>s speed and acceleration to be lesser. If it is the latter -> outpace and kill it,
# the enemy jet breaks more - hostile is either trying to force an overshoot or prepares for a dogfight, either way -> engage in manoeuvre combat.

Versus propeller fighters one should engage in turnfights, otherwise the Skyshark is most dominant against most WW2 fighters. Few Rank 4 fighters can challenge the A2D on equal terms, so stay sharp.

;''Strafing''

The A2D-1 can be a very valuable asset to teams looking to win by destroying ground troops or assaulting the airfield.
However the Skyshark is so heavy weight and hence slugish that every strafing attempt is an inch away from a crash. The momentum change comes later than expected and is more akin to a medium bomber like the [[B-25J-20|B-25]]. One is not surprised the US Navy stuck with the older AD-2, as in the ground attacker role the Skyshark must play a slow game. Take time for every attack run and try to maintain a speed way above 300 km/h IAS with combat flaps. This is a very high velocity for strafing runs, however any less and the plane will not rise above the newly explosive laden ground...

===Radars===
{{main|AN/APS-19}}
The A2D-1 is equipped with an [[AN/APS-19]] search and tracking radar. The radar is mounted in nose, inside the propeller hub.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | [[AN/APS-19]] - Target Detection Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Detection Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Guaranteed Detection Range|The range, below which, detection of a target is practically guaranteed}}
! {{Annotation|Max Azimuth Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Max Elevation Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
|-
| 60,000 m (theoretical) || 7,200 m || ±67.5° || ±67.5°
|-
! colspan="4" | [[AN/APS-19]] - Target Tracking Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
|-
| 1,500 m || 150 m || ±15° || ±15°
|-
|}

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful turboprop dual engines
* Quad 20 mm cannon armament
* Possesses tracking and search Radar
* Impressive payload
* Premium bonuses
* Naval aircraft capable of carrier-landing

'''Cons:'''

* Quite sluggish
* Extremely large profile
* Time limit on radar
* Tracking Radar only works at ~ 1 km
* Extremely large profile for an attacker
* Tail of aircraft is fragile
* Extremely loud propulsion system allows for easy detection
* Not very good for arcade players as if played in arcade mode, you would be facing jets like f-86k and mig-21 f-13

== History ==

The Douglas A-1 Skyraider was an impressive aircraft for a piston-driven propeller-powered aircraft which survived into the jet age, being used by the United States Navy, Marine Corps and Air Force and around nine other countries over its 40-year service. Like many aircraft which were successful, they went through many iterations and variants to keep them up to date with new requirements and technology as they came about. In an age where jet aircraft were beginning to overtake propeller-driven aircraft in all aspects of military service, the Bureau of Aeronautics which was the U.S. Navy's material-support organization was looking for a suitable option for an attack aircraft which would be more fuel-efficient than the upcoming jet fighters. To meet the Navy's requirement, Douglas Aircraft looked to their AD Skyraider airframe and considered modifying it to accept a more fuel economical turboprop engine.

In the early years following the war, jet engines underwent rapid development. This attracted the interest of the US Navy, which sought to arm itself with aircraft that were superior to that of potential opponents in speed, altitude, payload, and flight range.

As it turned out, jet engines were perfect for fighter aircraft but too "voracious" for strike aircraft, as they significantly reduced their range. The best engineering solution was to introduce the turboprop engine, which was a task the Douglas company undertook.

Initially, engineers simply wanted to replace the piston engine of the Skyraider attack aircraft with a turboprop engine. However, this led nowhere and the vehicle required significant modification. In the end, the engineers settled on a prototype with Allison Т-40А-2 turboprop engines and coaxial propellers.

The first flight of the XA2D-1 prototype, called the Skyshark, took place on May 26, 1950, but engine vibration nearly destroyed the aircraft and it was forced to land after only two minutes. By December 1950, the prototype had already completed over a dozen flights. However, a routine flight on December 19, 1950, ended in tragedy. Due to issues with the engine, the vehicle and pilot crashed. Nevertheless, testing continued and, despite the many technical problems that plagued the aircraft, the army ordered 10 pre-production models of the A2D-1. However, on August 5, 1954, another accident occurred when the main gearbox failed, and the aircraft crashed a short distance outside Los Angeles. This time, the pilot managed to escape the aircraft, but the project was closed and it was decided to dismantle any existing prototypes. Apparently, this decision was influenced by the fact that in the same year for the first time Douglas got another project in the air, this later became the famous A4D Skyhawk - a new generation of jets.

''- From [[wt:en/news/6210-development-douglas-a2d-1-skyshark-wyvern-to-the-max-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=usa&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=assault&vehicle=a2d Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:A2D-1_WTWallpaper_001.jpg
File:A2D-1_WTWallpaper_002.jpg
File:A2D-1_WTWallpaper_003.jpg
File:A2D-1_WTWallpaper_004.jpg
File:A2D-1_WTWallpaper_005.jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|DsUqjuBUWko|'''Is It Worth Your Money? War Thunder 1.89 A2D-1 Commentary''' - ''DEFYN''|Br0MqMHurKQ|'''Jaws With Wings - A2D-1 SkyShark - Ground Forces RB Gameplay''' - ''CyberDeath Gaming''|osh4KS9yodw|'''The Shooting Range #158''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:35 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|vhTZXYk6eao|'''Tank busters''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 1:43 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[AD-2|AD-2 ''Skyraider'']]
* [[AD-4|AD-4 ''Skyraider'']]

;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* [[Wyvern S4|Westland Wyvern S4]]
* [[P-47M-1-RE|P-47M ''Thunderbolt'']]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6210-development-douglas-a2d-1-skyshark-wyvern-to-the-max-en|[Devblog] Douglas A2D-1 Skyshark: Wyvern to the Max!]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/453543-douglas-a2d-1-skyshark/ <nowiki>[Data Sheet]</nowiki> Douglas A2D-1 Skyshark]
* [[wikipedia:Douglas_A2D_Skyshark|[Wikipedia] Douglas A2D Skyshark]]

{{AirManufacturer Douglas}}
{{USA strike aircraft}}
{{USA premium aircraft}}

Akan m/39 (13.2 mm)

2021-11-16T03:08:49Z

U111970762: /* Comparison with analogues */

== Description ==
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===


* {{Specs-Link|saab_b18a}} (Defensive)
* {{Specs-Link|saab_b18b}} (Defensive)
* {{Specs-Link|ffvs_j22_a}}
* {{Specs-Link|ffvs_j22_b}}
* {{Specs-Link|saab_t18b_1}} (Defensive)
* {{Specs-Link|saab_t18b_2}} (Defensive)

== General info ==

Akan m/39 is a Swedish license built FN Browning M.1939 13.2 mm heavy aircraft machine gun. It has a fire rate of around 1,000 rpm.

=== Available ammunition ===


* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|HEF-T|High-explosive fragmentation tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}
* '''Ground targets:''' {{Annotation|HEF-T|High-explosive fragmentation tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}
* '''Air targets:''' {{Annotation|HEF-T|High-explosive fragmentation tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-T|High-explosive fragmentation tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-T|High-explosive fragmentation tracer}}
* '''Stealth:''' {{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}
* '''Armored targets (turret):''' {{Annotation|HEF-T|High-explosive fragmentation tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}
* '''Universal (turret):''' {{Annotation|HEF-T|High-explosive fragmentation tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-T|High-explosive fragmentation tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-T|High-explosive fragmentation tracer}}

=== Comparison with analogues ===
''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.''

13mm german

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''

'''Pros:'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Aircraft machine guns}}

[[Category:Aircraft machine guns]]

Ta 152 C-3

2021-11-16T03:04:37Z

U111970762: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = German fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = Ta 152 H-1
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ta-152c
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.57 "Battle March"]].

The Ta 152 C-3 should be considered the pinnacle of the Fw 190 Dora, evolving their concept to an extreme. This plane was designed for mid altitude combat, with a redesigned short wing similar to that of the late 190 series, such as the [[Fw 190 D-13]]. With its Daimler-Benz DB 603 engine, gaining speed and altitude is the first priority in this aircraft. Second is heavy usage of Boom and Zoom tactics, especially on heavily armed strategic bombers like the [[B-17 (Family)|B-17 Flying Fortress]]. With its armament of four MG-151 20 mm cannons (two in the wing roots, two in the cowling), and a MK-103 cannon firing through the propeller hub, trigger discipline is a must to take down as many aircraft as you can with the ammunition on board. However, it can be pushed to turn tight in a pinch with a rather small amount of energy lost by using the flaps. The flaps are extremely strong and they deploy quickly, even at higher speeds (though it is not advisable to do this unless the situation is just right).

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 10,400 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 703 || 681 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 28.2 || 29.2 || 9.7 || 9.7 || rowspan="2" | 500
|-
! Upgraded
| 759 || 730 || 25.8 || 27.0 || 17.1 || 13.1
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 667 || 591 || 398 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 420 || < 240 || < 500 || > 290
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}
[[File:Ta152C armor schematic.png|thumb|400px|Armour diagram of the Ta 152 C-3, corresponds to the list on the left]]


# 15 mm Steel - Engine cowling and radiator shield
# 8 mm Steel - Oil cooling system shield
# 10 mm Steel - Angled ammunition and pilot armour
# 6 mm Steel - Instrument panel and pilot armour
# 15 mm Steel - Pilot Armour
# 70 mm Angled bulletproof glass - Armoured windscreen
# 20 mm Steel - Pilot's headrest
# 8 mm Steel + 5 mm Steel - Rear pilot shield
# 5 mm Steel - Fuel tank shield

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MK 103 (30 mm)|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 30 mm MK 103 cannon, nose-mounted (90 rpg)
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, nose-mounted (150 rpg = 300 total)
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, wing-mounted (175 rpg = 350 total)

== Usage in battles ==

Currently the Ta 152 C-3 does not carry any under-wing ordnance, but it can perform rather lethal ground-pounding with its [[MK 103 (30 mm)]] cannon, if it is loaded with armoured target rounds (HVAP). Although, one must aim carefully and have good trigger discipline to knock out tanks, lest too many shells be wasted on a single vehicle. But for its intended role of air superiority, the combination of [[MG 151/20 (20 mm)|MG 151]] 20 mm cannons plus the aforementioned MK 103 is lethal against any aircraft in the game. However, the stock belts can be a bit of a pain to use, as half of the load are not the infamous German Minengeschoß (HEI).

The Ta 152 C-3 is somewhat of a combination of the Fw 190 D series and the Ta 152 H-1, it is easy to play, but difficult to master and is easily countered by the enemy, but that will not stop you from doing well with this aircraft as long as you fight engagements on your terms.

* Prioritize enemies with multiple engines first, like bombers, attackers and heavy fighters above anything else
* Only engage enemy fighters when they are distracted at something else or if you have the advantage or when there are no other targets in your vicinity
* Despite being heavily armoured, you are not invincible, head on engagements eventually will take the toll on your plane, so fight smart by firing first when you are around 1.2 km away and immediately roll or bank to dodge their bullets
* Although it is tempting, engaging ground units should be the least of your priorities unless there are no other targets nearby
* HVAP shells can destroy AI light tanks in one hit from any direction, medium tanks will need to be shot from above or the rear and heavy tanks are just a waste of ammo
* 30 mm Minengeschoß rounds deal a lot of damage, use it sparingly with the 20 mm
* The 20 mm and the 30 mm have different ballistics, binding different controls for each calibre is recommended
* When you have a determined enemy on your tail, there is little you can do except to wait for allies to come and help, do not let it happen
* Use your incredible roll rate to escape from sticky situations

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful armament of five cannons with a lot of ammo.
* Nose-mounted armament allows very tight spread of shells when firing.
* Does not slow down that much when firing all its guns.
* Durable and well armoured, both pilot and engine are protected.
* Very effective bomber killer.
* Armour is enough to deflect machine gun rounds from bombers' gunners.
* Incredibly strong at head-on engagements and will often survive unharmed or with minor damage.
* Effective flaps offset the poor turn rate, landing flaps allow this plane to keep up with some nimbler fighters.
* Decent energy retention, although not as good as the H-1 model.
* Great roll rate, better than the H-1 model.
* Very good performance when operating from low to mid altitude.
* Incredible dive performance, better than the H-1 model due to stronger, shorter wings which only rip at 915 km/h (570 mph).
* Can perform a tank-buster role despite not having bombs or rockets due to the high velocity 30 mm AP belt.
* Can immediately research the 20 mm and 30 mm belts.

'''Cons:'''

* Average rate of climb for an interceptor, but it will keep up with the H-1 model.
* Slow, coupled with average climb rate makes it an easy target after conducting a boom-and-zoom attack.
* Poor turn rate, even worse than the Fw 190 series.
* Poor high altitude performance.
* Easy to counter and has few options of escape when chased.
* Wings and fuselage are littered with fuel tanks, although they are self-sealing.
* Stock performance is awful.
* Feels heavier and more sluggish to fly than the H-1 model.
* Engine often overheats above 3,500 m.
* It has a sky-high repair cost in realistic battles
*

== History ==


Throughout much of World War II in Europe, the German Luftwaffe was only concerned with their aircraft flying in the mid to low altitudes (20,000 ft/6,100 m and below), therefore a majority of their fighter fleet only utilized a single-stage supercharger which was sufficient for their role. However, with the introduction of the [[B-29A-BN|B-29]], the threat of this type of bomber would have been out of reach for most of the German air fleet.<ref name="Militaryfactory" /> To counter high-altitude allied fighters and bombers, the Fw 190D-9 was modified with a two-stage supercharged Junkers Jumo 213E engine which allowed it to achieve the higher altitudes, however, the shorter stubby wings well know for low altitude manoeuvrability actually hindered performance at altitude, though usable, not really a suitable fix.<ref name="Historyofwar" />

Answering the call of the German Air Ministry (RLM – Reichsluftfahrtministerium), Focke-Wulf modified their Fw 190 design and branched out in three directions. The three prototypes, in turn, had one to become the new existing Fw 190D (Ta 152A) series (after the D-9), the second prototype would become a dedicated high-altitude bomber (Ta 152B) while the third would become a ground-attack aircraft (Ta 152H).<ref name="Historyofwar" /> Though adjustments and modifications were made including usage of a different engine, the ultimate results determined these aircraft did not provide enough improvement to continue moving forward and both the Ta 152A and B projects were cancelled. One bright spot from this was that the airframe built for the Ta 152B (the V21 airframe) showed promise and efforts were focused here to create the Ta 152C prototype.<ref name="Historyofwar" />

In 1944 the RLM made a ruling that new fighter aircraft were to include the chief designer's name in the aircraft's designation. What was earlier knows as a Focke-Wulf aircraft was now listed with the prefix Ta which was short for ''Kurt Tank'', though Tank was still working for Focke-Wulf at the time.

Adjustments to the Fw 190D-9 fuselage resulted in its extension and addition of hydraulics to control the flaps and landing gear. These adjustments threw off the normal centre of gravity and made the aircraft off balance, resulting in the lengthening of the nose of the aircraft to normalize the CoG. The length of the wings was slightly lengthened and due to shortages in aluminium, steel spars were utilised aiding to the strength of the wings, but also at a price of extra weight.<ref name="Historyofwar" />

;Ta 152C variant

The Ta 152C-3 ended up with wings .5 m (1.25 ft) longer than the standard Fw 190D-9 to aid in supporting the new steel spars and hydraulic hardware in the landing gear and flaps. The 'C' variant did not incorporate a pressurized cockpit. While designed to work at lower altitudes (though above 25,000 ft or 6,100 m), the fighter was outfitted with a single 30 mm MK 108 Motorkanone which was mounted through the center propeller hub with four MG 151/20 mm cannons, two of which were mounted in the upper fuselage and two more with one in each wing.<ref name="Militaryfactory" /> This cannon setup is enough to devastate any aircraft which is on the receiving end of the 20 and 30 mm rounds. The Ta 152C-3 entered the war too late and in too little numbers to make an effective difference. Shortages in replacement parts became extremely difficult if not impossible to find reducing the ability of the Ta 152C-3 to be used to the fullest of its abilities.<ref name="Historyofwar" />

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ta-152c Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|d5k2T9FP0bQ|'''Avoid them in frontal attack!''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 1:39 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|4v3fxupuZPA|'''Last piston fighters''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 2:39 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|hN38Hj_F9sU|'''War Thunder Realistic: Ta 152 C-3 [Battlestar Galactica!]''' - ''Jengar''|iKTe9p-Awhw|'''Ta 152 C-3 - I Can't Let It Go Like That!''' - ''Napalmratte''|nxQfEs1DfAQ|'''Ta 152 C3 - 1 Vs 1 - Tactics and strategies''' - ''Green Fury''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* Focke-Wulf [[Fw 190 (Family)|Fw 190]]

;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* Lavochkin [[La-9]]
* Nakajima [[Ki-87]]
* Martin-Baker [[MB.5]]
* North American [[P-51 (Family)|P-51]]
* Macchi [[C.205N2|C.205]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/303488-focke-wulf-ta-152-c-3/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Ta_152 [Wikipedia<nowiki>]</nowiki> Focke-Wulf Ta 152]
* [https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/focke-wulf-ta-152-h-0r11 [Smithsonian<nowiki>]</nowiki> Focke-Wulf Ta 152 H-0/R11]

=== References ===

<references>
<ref name="Historyofwar">Focke-Wulf Ta 152C. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/weapons_focke-wulf_Ta_152C.html.</ref>
<ref name="Militaryfactory">Jack, C. (2019, January 21). Focke-Wulf Ta 152 Single-Seat, Single-Engine High-Altitude Fighter-Interceptor Aircraft - Nazi Germany. Retrieved from https://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=455.</ref>
</references>

{{AirManufacturer Focke-Wulf}}
{{Germany fighters}}

Ju 388 J

2021-11-16T03:00:22Z

U111970762: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=ju-388j
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=Ju 388 J (Germany)
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} German twin-engine fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.87 "Locked On"]] during the [[wt:en/news/6145-special-battlefield-engineer-en|"Battlefield Engineer"]] event. It is the final development of the [[Ju 88 (Family)|Ju 88]] family of aircraft. It is currently a rare vehicle and is only obtainable through the [https://trade.gaijin.net/? Gaijin Marketplace].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 10,600 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 599 || 582 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 30.2 || 31.3 || 6.4 || 6.4 || rowspan="2" | 1,000
|-
! Upgraded
| 648 || 621 || 27.9 || 29.0 || 11.9 || 8.9
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 457 || 428 || 280 || ~11 || ~7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 370 || < 360 || < 400 || > 280
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}
''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MK 108 (30 mm)|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 30 mm MK 108 cannons, chin-mounted (110 rpg = 220 total)
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, chin-mounted (200 rpg = 400 total)
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, Schräge Musik mounted mid-fuselage (rpg = total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 131 (13 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 13 mm MG 131 machine guns, turret (600 rpg = 1,200 total)

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

===Radars===
{{main|FuG 202}}
The Ju 388 J is equipped with a [[FuG 202]] search radar, located in the nose of the aircraft; a control box which is part of the radar damage model is located in the rear of the cockpit.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | [[FuG 202]] - Target Detection Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Detection Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Guaranteed Detection Range|The range, below which, detection of a target is practically guaranteed}}
! {{Annotation|Max Azimuth Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Max Elevation Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
|-
| 4,000 m || 4,000 m || ±30° || ±30°
|-
|}

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros: extremely good armament and access to minengeschoß air targets belt for the mg 151s'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

The Ju 388 J is the heavy-fighter version of the Ju 388, a multirole twin-engined combat aircraft built by Germany late into the Second World War. Based on the Ju 188 and Ju 88, the aircraft was optimized for high-altitude operations to counter the formidable B-29 Superfortress; the aircraft incorporated specific design features for this role including a pressurized cockpit. However, the aircraft was plagued by technical issues and entered service late into the war, meaning that it saw little service.

In late 1942, the German Air Ministry (or RLM) first learned of the American B-29 Superfortress, which would've been capable of cruising such a high altitude (8000-10000 metres) that no German aircraft could counter it effectively. As a result, the RLM authorized the development of several new aircraft to counter the Superfortress, including the Ta 152 H. For the bomber destroyer role, several aircraft were considered including the Do 335, Ta 152 and He 219: the He 219 and Ta 152 weren't optimized for high-altitude flight and were subsequently not considered, while the Do 335 was still in a prototype stage with production models not expected until 1944.

As a result, the RLM authorized the development of the Ju 388, based on the airframe of the Ju 188 fast-bomber, which was in turn based on the Ju 88. Compared to the Ju 188, the Ju 388 featured numerous changes, including the removal of most defensive armament; instead, a pair of 13 mm machine guns were mounted in the tail, remotely controlled from the crew cabin. The Ju 388 K and L (the bomber and reconnaissance versions) retained the glazed nose of the Ju 188, while the Ju 388 J featured a solid nose housing two 20 mm MG 151/20 and two 30 mm MK 108 cannons.

The Ju 388 first entered service in 1944; roughly 100 Ju 388 aircraft of all models were built in total (the exact number is not known). However, only three Ju 388 J aircraft were completed. The aircraft were used against allied bombers in WW2, and were also proposed for export to Japan. Following the end of the war, a single Ju 388 L was acquired by the USAF for testing purposes - this aircraft is now stored at the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum in Washington DC, and is the only Ju 388 still intact today.

=== [[wt:en/news/6138-development-junkers-ju-388-j-the-high-altitude-marauder-en|Devblog]] ===
After the German Ministry of Aviation (RLM) found out about the new American B-29 Superfortress in 1942, serious concerns were raised among high ranking officials, questioning the Luftwaffe's ability to deal with such a new potential threat. At the time, the B-29 flew higher and faster than any fighter the Luftwaffe had at their disposal and the only weapon that could effectively counter it was the 12.8cm FlaK 40 heavy AA cannon. This led to the development of a range of new German high-altitude fighters, interceptors and dedicated bomber hunters.

The first prototype of the Ju 388 performed its maiden flight in December 1943, showing promising results. After the construction and testing of six further prototypes were completed in three modifications: the Ju 388J high-altitude interceptor, a Ju 388K medium bomber and the Ju 388L scout. The Ju 388 was ordered into production and was officially introduced into Luftwaffe service in summer 1944. However, initial production progressed at a slow pace due to the limited availability of the required engines for the aircraft. Furthermore, the continuously worsening war conditions in Germany had a severe impact on overall production, eventually preventing it entirely by the end of the war.

In the end, only around 100 Ju 388s were built with most aircraft seeing only limited action during their short service life during the final stages of WW2.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=germany&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=interceptor&vehicle=ju-388j Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:Ju 388J WTWallpaper 001.jpg
File:Ju 388J WTWallpaper 002.jpg
File:Ju 388J WTWallpaper 003.jpg
File:Ju 388J WTWallpaper 004.jpg
File:Ju 388J WTWallpaper 005.jpg
File:Ju 388J WTWallpaper 007.jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|gFJBLbLH6dY|'''Massive OFF-CENTERED FirePower! {{PAGENAME}} Review''' - ''Jengar''|yWWFv8qY5rQ|'''Battlefield Engineer: all new vehicles''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 6:44 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6138-development-junkers-ju-388-j-the-high-altitude-marauder-en|[Development] Junkers Ju 388 J: The High-Altitude Marauder]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/453804-ju-388j-0/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Junkers}}
{{Germany twin-engine fighters}}
{{Germany premium aircraft}}

MiG-23MLD

2021-11-16T02:47:42Z

U111970762: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = Soviet jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = MiG-23 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=mig_23mld
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Ground Breaking"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 13,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,333 || 2,320 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 35.5 || 35.9 || 193.9 || 186 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| 2,496 || 2,357 || 34.6 || 35.0 || 247.9 || 219.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| _ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || _ || ✓
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| 1,470 || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 520 || 500 || ~13 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < ___ || < ___ || < ___ || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Tumansky R-35-300 || 1
| colspan="2" | 10,812 kg || colspan="2" | 389 - 425 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 31m fuel
|-
| 1,760 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
| 11,922 kg || 13,128 kg || 14,512 kg || 17,800 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel|| 31m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 6,983 kgf ||10,138 kgf
| 0.85 || 0.77 || 0.70 || 0.57
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 8,397 kgf (1,400 km/h) || 15,647 kgf (1,400 km/h)
| 1.31 || 1.19 || 1.08 || 0.88
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Cross}} || {{Cross}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|GSh-23L (23 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** 1 x 23 mm GSh-23L cannon, belly-mounted (200 rpg)
** 1 x 23 mm GSh-23L cannon + 72 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|OFAB-100 (100 kg)|FAB-250M-62 (250 kg)|FAB-500M-62 (500 kg)}}
{{main|Kh-23M|S-5K|S-8KO|S-24B|GSh-23L (23 mm)}}
{{main|R-3S|R-23R|R-23T|R-24R|R-24T}}
{{main|R-60|R-13M1}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x R-3S missiles
* 16 x 100 kg OFAB-100 bombs (1,600 kg total)
* 8 x 100 kg OFAB-100 bombs + 2 x 250 kg FAB-250M-62 bombs (1,300 kg total)
* 8 x 100 kg OFAB-100 bombs + 2 x R-13M1 missiles (800 kg total)
* 8 x 100 kg OFAB-100 bombs + 2 x R-60 missiles (800 kg total)
* 8 x 100 kg OFAB-100 bombs + 2 x R-23R missiles (800 kg total)
* 8 x 100 kg OFAB-100 bombs + 2 x R-23T missiles (800 kg total)
* 4 x 250 kg FAB-250M-62 bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg FAB-250M-62 bombs + 2 x R-13M1 missiles (500 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg FAB-250M-62 bombs + 2 x R-60 missiles (500 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg FAB-250M-62 bombs + 2 x R-23R missiles (500 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg FAB-250M-62 bombs + 2 x R-23T missiles (500 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg FAB-250M-62 bombs + 64 x S-5K rockets (500 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg FAB-500M-62 bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 4 x R-60 missiles + 2 x R-13M1 missiles
* 4 x R-60 missiles + 2 x R-23R missiles
* 4 x R-60 missiles + 2 x R-23T missiles
* 4 x R-13M1 missiles
* 2 x R-13M1 missiles + 2 x R-23R missiles
* 2 x R-13M1 missiles + 2 x R-23T missiles
* 6 x R-60 missiles
* 2 x R-23R missiles
* 2 x R-23T missiles
* 96 x S-5K rockets
* 4 x S-24B rockets
* 2 x Kh-23M missiles
* 40 x S-8KO rockets
* 40 x S-8KO rockets + 2 x 250 kg FAB-250M-62 bombs (500 kg total)
* 2 x R-24R missiles
* 2 x R-24T missiles
* 8 x 100 kg OFAB-100 bombs + 2 x R-24R missiles (800 kg total)
* 8 x 100 kg OFAB-100 bombs + 2 x R-24T missiles (800 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg FAB-250M-62 bombs + 2 x R-24R missiles (500 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg FAB-250M-62 bombs + 2 x R-24T missiles (500 kg total)
* 4 x R-60 missiles + 2 x R-24R missiles
* 4 x R-60 missiles + 2 x R-24T missiles
* 2 x R-13M1 missiles + 2 x R-24R missiles
* 2 x R-13M1 missiles + 2 x R-24T missiles
* 2 x 23 mm GSh-23L cannons (250 rpg = 500 total)
* 2 x 23 mm GSh-23L cannons + 2 x R-13M1 missiles
* 2 x 23 mm GSh-23L cannons + 4 x R-60 missiles

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros: the aircraft has incredible speed and acceleration'''

*

'''Cons:'''

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/538753-mig-23mld/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer MiG}}
{{USSR jet aircraft}}