War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

Category:Sweden aircraft

2022-04-18T06:03:53Z

U110233651:

{{DISPLAYTITLE:Swedish aircraft}}
{| class="tree-select-table" cellspacing="0"
|[[:Category:Swedish aircraft|Aircraft]]
|[[:Category:Swedish helicopters|Helicopters]]
|}
{{Tree-Start|5}}

{{Tree-Line|I Rank}}
|
{{Tree-Unit|gladiator_j8a}}
{{Tree-Skip}}
{{Tree-Unit|j6b}}
{{Tree-Arrow}}
{{Tree-Unit|fiat_cr42_j11}}
{{Tree-Arrow}}
|
{{Tree-Unit|saab_b17bs}}
{{Tree-Arrow}}
{{Tree-Unit|saab_b17b}}
{{Tree-Arrow|1}}
|
{{Tree-Unit|saab_b3c}}
{{Tree-Arrow|2}}
| style="border-left: solid 1px #cccccc;" |
{{Tree-Unit|gladiator_j8a_iacobi}}
{{Tree-Skip}}
|
{{Tree-Skip}}

{{Tree-Line|II Rank}}
|
{{Tree-Unit|re_2000_j20}}
{{Tree-Arrow}}
{{Tree-Unit|ffvs_j22_a}}
{{Tree-Arrow}}
|
{{Tree-Unit|saab_b17a}}
{{Tree-Arrow|1}}
|
{{Tree-Unit|saab_b18a}}
{{Tree-Arrow|1}}
| style="border-left: solid 1px #cccccc;" |
{{Tree-Unit|morko_morane}}
{{Tree-Skip}}
{{Tree-Unit|fokker_d21_mod20}}
{{Tree-Skip}}
|
{{Tree-Unit|vl_myrsky_2_late}}

{{Tree-Line|III Rank}}
|
{{Tree-Unit|ffvs_j22_b}}
{{Tree-Arrow}}
{{Tree-Unit|saab_j21a_1}}
{{Tree-Arrow}}
|
{{Tree-Arrow-Full|2}}
|
{{Tree-Unit|saab_b18b}}
{{Tree-Arrow|1}}
| style="border-left: solid 1px #cccccc;" |
{{Tree-Unit|pyorremyrsky}}
{{Tree-Skip}}
|

{{Tree-Line|IV Rank}}
|
{{Tree-Unit|saab_j21a_2}}
{{Tree-Arrow}}
{{Tree-Unit|p-51d-20-na_j26}}
{{Tree-Arrow}}
|
{{Tree-Unit|saab_a21a_3}}
{{Tree-Arrow|1}}
|
{{Tree-Unit|saab_t18b_1}}
{{Tree-Arrow}}
{{Tree-Unit|saab_t18b_2}}
{{Tree-Arrow}}
| style="border-left: solid 1px #cccccc;" |
{{Tree-Unit|bf-109g-6_finland}}
{{Tree-Skip}}
|

{{Tree-Line|V Rank}}
|
{{Tree-Unit|saab_j21ra}}
{{Tree-Arrow}}
{{Tree-Unit|saab_j29a}}
{{Tree-Arrow|1}}
|
{{Tree-Unit|saab_a21rb}}
{{Tree-Arrow}}
{{Tree-Unit|vampire_fb5_j28b}}
{{Tree-Arrow}}
{{Tree-Unit|saab_j29b}}
{{Tree-Arrow}}
|
{{Tree-Unit|saab_sk60b}}
{{Tree-Arrow}}
{{Tree-Unit|saab_105g}}
| style="border-left: solid 1px #cccccc;" |
{{Tree-Unit|saab_105oe}}
{{Tree-Skip}}
{{Tree-Unit|saab_j29d}}
{{Tree-Skip}}
|

{{Tree-Line|VI Rank}}
|
{{Tree-Unit|saab_j29f}}
{{Tree-Arrow}}
{{Tree-Unit|saab_j32b}}
{{Tree-Arrow}}
|
{{Tree-Unit|saab_a32a}}
{{Tree-Arrow|1}}
|
| style="border-left: solid 1px #cccccc;" |
{{Tree-Unit|saab_j35a}}
|

{{Tree-Line|VII Rank}}
|
{{Tree-Unit|saab_j35d}}
{{Tree-Arrow}}
{{Tree-Unit|saab_ja37}}
{{Tree-Skip}}
|
{{Tree-Unit|saab_aj37}}
{{Tree-Skip}}
|
{{Tree-Skip}}
| style="border-left: solid 1px #cccccc;" |
{{Tree-Skip}}
|
{{Tree-Skip}}

{{Tree-End}}

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|5TYuG36QnPU|'''SAAB''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|diNkuJ7lies|'''Swedish Air Forces Rank V - Tutorial and Guide''' - ''Jengar''|lQoLGbMZUkg|'''Swedish Air Forces Rank IV - Tutorial and Guide''' - ''Jengar''|csnduubxnyk|'''Swedish Air Forces Rank III - Tutorial and Guide''' - ''Jengar''|VcyQiD2NLCU|'''Swedish Air Forces Rank II - Tutorial and Guide''' - ''Jengar''|W4o7KCDAa8U|'''Swedish Air Forces Rank I - Tutorial and Guide''' - ''Jengar''|30a5sfsoX_4|'''Climbing the ranks with Swedish aircraft''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

[[Category:Aircraft by country]]

MiG-27M

2021-10-18T01:39:35Z

U110233651: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=mig_27m
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Direct Hit"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

This aircraft has an excellent top speed, which means it can speed away from enemy fighters if needed, with flares and chaff assisting in countering incoming missiles. Despite being a heavy aircraft, the MiG-27M has one of the best sustained turning abilities among top tier jets thanks to its variable swept wing design.

Compared with its fighter jet version, the MiG-23M, the MiG-27M is slightly heavier and has a lower thrust (despite the difference being very little). As a result, the MiG-27M can pull less Gs than the MiG-23M, specifically, it tends to pull one less G than the MiG-23M across all speeds. For example, at 800-900 km/h, the best speed range for these two aircraft to manoeuvre, the MiG-23M can pull 12Gs, whereas the MiG-27M can pull 11Gs. This characteristic, despite seemingly lowering the manoeuvrability of the aircraft, actually improves the experience since both the MiG-23M and MiG-27M break their wings at 12G. As a result, the MiG-23M could risk ripping its wings during manoeuvres, whereas the MiG-27M has no risk of damage.

The MiG-27M, just like the MiG-23M, feels sluggish in manoeuvres. However, despite the bad instantaneous turning and rolling ability, the MiG-27M has exceptional sustained turning and rolling ability for a medium-heavy fighter. At speeds lower than 900 km/h and with the wings turned to forward position, the MiG-27M can outmanoeuvre most top-tier jets, even including the F-5Cs and MiG-21s. At 400 km/h, with the wings set to the most forward position, the MiG-27M somewhat resembles a piston-engine attacker, with superb lift and great sustained turn rate. This is extremely helpful in a 1v1 situation, where you can use this characteristic to trick your enemy into low speed and outmanoeuvre them easily.

To be noted though, the high-speed manoeuvrability of the MiG-27M is not exceptional at all. At supersonic speeds and the wings fully swept back, the MiG-27M can only pull 8Gs of overload, significantly less than the 10 to 11Gs of the F-4Es and the JA-37s. Also, the MiG-27M does not hold its speed well in turns. In such case, it is advised to keep your speed and do less manoeuvres in most times during a battle.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 13,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,340 || 2,330 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 37.6 || 37.8 || 133.9 || 127.3 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 508 || 473 || ~__ || ~__
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < ___ || < ___ || < ___ || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Tumansky R-29B-300 || 1
| colspan="2" | 11,605 kg || colspan="3" | 419 - 472 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 11m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 39m fuel
|-
| 1,780 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
| 12,964 kg || 13,912 kg || 15,065 kg || 16,135 kg || _,___ kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 11m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 39m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 7,950 kgf || 10,208 kgf
| 0.79 || 0.73 || 0.68 || 0.63 || _.__
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 8,268 kgf (1,400 km/h) || 12,633 kgf (1,400 km/h)
| 0.97 || 0.91 || 0.84 || 0.78 || _.__
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The plane gets some 10 mm armour behind the pilot, and 9 mm on each side of the pilot. This will not really save you against the firepower faced in top-rank jet battles and is more against the stray machine gun round or shrapnel from ground attacks.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
|-
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)
|-
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}}
|-
|}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|GSh-6-30 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** 1 x 30 mm GSh-6-30 cannon, belly-mounted (300 rpg)
** 1 x 30 mm GSh-6-30 cannon (300 rpg) + 12 x countermeasures

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|OFAB-100 (100 kg)|FAB-250M-62 (250 kg)|OFAB-250sv (250 kg)|FAB-500M-62 (500 kg)|KAB-500 (500 kg)}}
{{main|Kh-23M|Kh-25ML|Kh-29L|Kh-29T|GSh-23L (23 mm)}}
{{main|R-13M1|R-60M|S-5KP|S-8KO|S-24B}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 7 x 250 kg FAB-250M-62 bombs (1,750 kg total)
* 4 x 250 kg OFAB-250sv bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 7 x 500 kg FAB-500M-62 bombs (3,500 kg total)
* 80 x S-8KO rockets
* 4 x S-24B rockets
* 2 x Kh-23M missiles
* 4 x Kh-25ML missiles
* 2 x Kh-29L missiles
* 2 x Kh-29T missiles
* 4 x R-60M missiles
* 2 x 23 mm GSh-23L cannons (250 rpg = 500 total)
* 128 x S-5KP rockets
* 20 x 100 kg OFAB-100 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 12 x 100 kg OFAB-100 bombs + 64 x S-5KP rockets (1,200 kg total)
* 2 x R-13M1 missiles
* 2 x R-13M1 missiles + 2 x Kh-25ML missiles
* 2 x R-13M1 missiles + 40 x S-8KO rockets + 3 x 500 kg FAB-500M-62 bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 2 x R-13M1 missiles + 2 x S-24B rockets
* 2 x R-13M1 missiles + 12 x 100 kg OFAB-100 bombs (1,200 kg total)
* 2 x R-13M1 missiles + 2 x S-24B rockets + 3 x 500 kg FAB-500M-62 bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 4 x R-60M missiles + 5 x 250 kg FAB-250M-62 bombs (1,250 kg total)
* 4 x R-60M missiles + 5 x 500 kg FAB-500M-62 bombs (2,500 kg total)
* 4 x R-60M missiles + 12 x 100 kg OFAB-100 bombs (1,200 kg total)
* 80 x S-8KO rockets + 3 x 500 kg FAB-500M-62 bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 80 x S-8KO rockets + 3 x 250 kg FAB-250M-62 bombs (750 kg total)
* 40 x S-8KO rockets + 4 x R-60M missiles + 3 x 500 kg FAB-500M-62 bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 40 x S-8KO rockets + 4 x R-60M missiles + 3 x 250 kg FAB-250M-62 bombs (750 kg total)
* 40 x S-8KO rockets + 5 x 500 kg FAB-500M-62 bombs (2,500 kg total)
* 2 x S-24B rockets + 4 x R-60M missiles
* 2 x S-24B rockets + 5 x 250 kg FAB-250M-62 bombs (1,250 kg total)
* 2 x S-24B rockets + 5 x 500 kg FAB-500M-62 bombs (2,500 kg total)
* 2 x S-24B rockets + 40 x S-8KO rockets
* 2 x S-24B rockets + 40 x S-8KO rockets + 3 x 500 kg FAB-500M-62 bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 2 x S-24B rockets + 4 x R-60M missiles + 3 x 500 kg FAB-500M-62 bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 2 x S-24B rockets + 4 x R-60M missiles + 3 x 250 kg FAB-250M-62 bombs (750 kg total)
* 4 x R-60M missiles + 2 x Kh-25ML missiles
* 2 x 23 mm GSh-23L cannons + 2 x S-24B rockets
* 2 x 23 mm GSh-23L cannons + 40 x S-8KO rockets + 3 x 500 kg FAB-500M-62 bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 2 x 23 mm GSh-23L cannons + 5 x 250 kg FAB-250M-62 bombs (1,250 kg total)
* 4 x 500 kg KAB-500 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg KAB-500 bombs + 4 x R-60M missiles (1,000 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg KAB-500 bombs + 2 x R-13M1 missiles (1,000 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==

'''Air RB:'''

Thanks to its great low-altitude performance and powerful cannon armament, the MiG-27M can be a good fighter jet in Air RB. Generally speaking, the best tactic for playing it as a fighter jet is similar to that of the MiG-23M: heading to the left after take-off, keeping the altitude under 500 m, postponing your entry as late as possible, then engaging in head-on combat using the all-aspect R-60Ms and your powerful GSh-6-30 cannon.

Since the MiG-27M has a significant low-altitude speed advantage compared with most of its opponents, it is advised to keep your speed throughout the battle. However, when there's only one or two enemies left, the MiG-27M could quickly become a dogfighter by setting its wing to about 50% angle. In such a setting without load, the MiG-27M can pull 11Gs at 900 km/h, and with even more aggressive dogfighting techniques and less angle for the wing, the MiG-27M is capable of dogfighting light fighters like F-5Cs and MiG-21MFs.

Enemies worth noting:

* J35Ds, since it is the only aircraft that could certainly win a dogfight against MiG-27M.
* F-5Es, F-5Cs and MiG-21s, since they are great dogfighters, but it is still possible to defeat them in dogfights.
* F-4EJ Kai, JA37C, Phantom FG.1/FGR.2, since they have doppler radars and great mid-range missiles.

The MiG-27M could also be played as an attacker in Air RB. When doing so, though, it is still advised to take the 4 R-60Ms and play using the tactic mentioned above to maximize your survivability. Once flanked to the back of the enemy, rush to a base and drop your bombs, then either play it as a fighter jet or ground strike the enemy targets.

'''Ground RB'''

The MiG-27M is a great aircraft for ground RB because of its decent manoeuvrability, the variety of guided weapons it can carry, and its GSh-6-30 cannon. To use it effectively, first shoot down any opposing aircraft using the R-60Ms, then deploy whatever weapons you have on-board against tanks. The cannon is also remarkably effective against the thin sides of western MBTs and other lightly armoured targets. Using all your armaments effectively, it is possible to kill quite a few targets in one run.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very high top speed at low altitude.
* Good sustained turning ability, could even dogfight F-5Cs at lower speed.
* Variable swept wing design allows impressive performance at any speed.
* Powerful cannon, highly effective at destroying both ground and air targets.
* Wide variety of suspended weapons.
* KAB-500 guided bombs provide all the advantages of air-to-ground missiles with none of their drawbacks.
* The TV-guided weapons lock on to target faster than their NATO counterparts.
* Thanks to its laser targeting system, it is no longer needed to point the nose exactly at the target, just need to point it at the general direction.

'''Cons:'''

* Lacks radar and IRST for air-to-air combat.
* Lacks mid-range missiles.
* The cannon has a spool up time before it can be fired.
* The cannon has a paltry ammunition capacity for its rate of fire, requiring stringent trigger discipline.
* Bad instantaneous turn and roll rate, making it hard to catch most windows at high-speed.
* R-60Ms are easily defeated by countermeasures.

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=mig_27m Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|Q1MSq6KWibw|'''The Shooting Range #269''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:27 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer MiG}}
{{USSR jet aircraft}}

Po-2

2021-10-18T01:34:04Z

U110233651: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=po-2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_po-2.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27. One of the more infamous planes in War Thunder, the Po-2 has a rather affectionate palindrome nickname of "2-OP" from the community for its history in the game. This plane is no longer obtainable unless it is given out during events.

The Po-2 is a very slow aircraft, earning a reputation of affection thanks to its poor characteristics. The Po-2 is about nine times as slow as the jets, and its maximum speed is one-third of a good amount of its opponents at BR 1.0. Being so, it is flown mostly for sheer fun with no intent of competitiveness. It does not come without its strengths, though - the Po-2 can carry a very effective bombload, and it can be very evasive against enemy aircraft, thanks to its slow speed and impressive manoeuvrability. The rear gunner is also decent, being in charge of a very effective machine gun. Unfortunately for the Po-2's enthusiasts, this is also the only armament it has, and the aircraft is so fragile that even a fast-firing gun does not often suffice to rid the Po-2 of a sad fate. Whenever confrontation with fighters is avoidable, one should avoid it and stay safe.

When the Po-2 was added, it was originally unlockable by research as a non-premium vehicle. However, it is currently hidden in the tech tree. The Po-2 can still be acquired, though. Once in a while, there is usually an event that rewards the Po-2 for completing it. It should be noted that while it appears before the BB-1 in the tech tree, users who have not unlocked the Po-2 via events or researching it before it was hidden will not see it in the tech tree. Additionally, the Po-2 is separate from the attacker line, and you do not need to have the Po-2 unlocked to research the BB-1 and the aircraft that follow it.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 130 || 126 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 30.5 || 31.4 || 1.8 || 1.7 || rowspan="2" | 258
|-
! Upgraded
| 138 || 134 || 29.6 || 30.0 || 2.8 || 2.3
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || N/A || ~5 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 200 || < 200 || < 200 || > 295
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
|-
| 700 m || colspan="2" |114 hp
|-
|}

====Engine performance====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Engine
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine Name
! colspan="3" | Number present
|-
| colspan="3" | Shvetsov M-11D 5-cylinder || colspan="1" | 1
|-
! colspan="4" | Engine characteristics
|-
! colspan="2" | Weight (each)
! colspan="1" | Type
! colspan="1" | Cooling
|-
| colspan="2" | 170 kg || Radial || Air
|-
! colspan="4" | Engine power (Stock)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
! colspan="4" | Take-off
|-
| ''Arcade'' || colspan="4" | 117 hp
|-
| ''Realistic/Simulator'' || colspan="4" | 116 hp
|-
! colspan="4" | Engine power (Upgraded)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
! colspan="4" | Take-off
|-
| ''Arcade'' || colspan="4" | 123 hp
|-
| ''Realistic/Simulator'' || colspan="4" | 120 hp
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | WEP Duration
|-
! colspan="2" | Arcade
! colspan="2" | Realistic/Simulator
|-
| colspan="2" | 25 seconds || colspan="2" | Infinite
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


The Po-2 has a 13 mm steel plate in the nose, which is something but not useful as if you are attacked from the front you cannot retaliate. In Air RB, the Po-2's airframe is surprisingly reliable and is perfectly controllable even with serious damage, however, past a certain amount of damage (yellow all over and worse) you will not have enough power to keep airborne for much longer. At this point, you can make an emergency landing and act as an anti-aircraft gun for the rest of the match.

It also has a small, self-sealing fuel tank, as well as a tiny oil tank in from of it, both just behind the engine. This leads to a low chance of catching on fire, however, if you are set on fire you have very little chance of putting it out due to your slow speed.

* 13 mm Steel plate in the nose.
* Small, single, self-sealing fuel tank.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|FAB-50sv (50 kg)|FAB-100sv (100 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 6 x 50 kg FAB-50sv bombs (300 kg total)
* 2 x 100 kg FAB-100sv bombs (200 kg total)
* 2 x 100 kg FAB-100sv bombs + 2 x 50 kg FAB-50sv bombs (300 kg total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|ShKAS (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 7.62 mm ShKAS machine gun, dorsal turret (200 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

The Po-2 does at times shine in Ground Realistic Battles, being potentially useful at any battle rating. Its slow speed makes it very easy to dive-bomb accurately with, and its 100 kg bombs are sufficient to put any tank out of order. A Po-2 pilot can even cause great humiliation to [[Maus]] commanders. However, tanks' light machine guns are no small threat for the small biplane, and even tanks' main guns can give it a very bad day, let alone dedicated AA platforms. To avoid this, Po-2 pilots should fly low and try their best to not fly in a straight line, and plan their attacks ahead, looking at the map to see where enemies were marked and inferring the enemies' locations from cap points.

In Air RB, your best bet is probably to spawn at bomber altitude as opposed to the airfield which, while presenting the risk of wing ripping, is better than struggling for speed at the altitude which most of the fighting at this rank takes place (that is, low altitude). Furthermore, you should take the 6x50kg bombs as, despite being smaller, they mean you have the chance to destroy 3 higher value targets instead of 2. You should choose a group of ground targets to attack, stationary tanks are good to bomb as any bomb can destroy them and they yield a decent reward. Moving targets are horrible and not worth it as short fuses lead to you being hit by your own bombs and long fuses lead to a very low hit probability since your bombs are small and must detonate very close to the target to have any effect, which is incredibly difficult to guarantee with a fuse.

After using up your bombs, find some vehicles, artillery, or AA emplacements you want to destroy and approach them. Be sure to use evasive manoeuvres as you approach, as your slow speed leads to AA hitting you far more often than it would on other planes. Flyover, but slightly to the side of your targets at a very low altitude, then switch to your rear gunner and destroy them (if you fly directly over then your tail will prevent your tail gunner from getting a shot). After destroying 2 targets using this method you should fire off your remaining bullets and let your gunner reload, as otherwise, you will probably run out of ammo halfway through your third strafing run. Since you can reload as many times as you like, this is a sustainable way of doing decently well, and you can destroy upwards of 20 targets (with some luck, on the right map.)

If attacked by enemy aircraft, you stand a small but appreciable chance of destroying them. When approached, point your aircraft directly away from the enemy and shoot at them with your rear gunner, preferably once they are within half a kilometre, though your gun can be effective out to 800 metres with some luck. If you have them unlocked, Universal belts are the best for almost all situations, since they make aiming far easier and more importantly have a higher chance of setting the attacker on fire, which will down them almost every time. As well as this, some pilots will break off once they are set on fire or seriously damaged, since they don't judge the effort to be worth it, but most pilots don't tend to think like this and require a "Significant Emotional Event" in order to stop shooting at you.

It should be noted that some people up-tier Po-2s into jet battles, which can be a valid strategy with the right tactics. You should always fly low in jet battles because most jets will not waste their altitude and energy on a Po-2 flying at treetop level. "Most" is the operative word here and even if you don't get downed, many jet battles are over before you even reach your intended target, even on smallish maps such as Malta. It has been noted that a North Korean Po-2 was credited with a jet-kill during the Korean war when an attacking F-94 Starfire stalled out trying to line up a shot at a Po-2 and crashed.

Thanks to its short landing distance, you can land at a helipad in mixed ground battles (at top-tier), repair and rearm and get an air spawn.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very manoeuvrable
* Very capable rudder, useful for quick evasive manoeuvres
* Difficult to tail due to low speed
* Very low stall speed
* Has bombsight
* Decent bomb load
* Slow speed helps with accurate bombing bombing
* Rear Gunner is armed with a machine gun with a good rate of fire
* Very short landing distance
* Immune to radar detection

'''Cons:'''

* No forward-firing armament
* Fragile (wood and fabric)
* Horribly slow
* Very hard to gain altitude
* Low service ceiling
* No armour or bulletproof glass protection for the pilot or the gunner
* Can not excess over ~200 km/h without over-revving engine and ~190 km/h for structural integrity
* Not immune to top 20 and 30mm's

== History ==


The Po-2 was the primary aircraft of the infamous 588th Night Bomber Regiment of the Soviet Armed Forces. The Regiment, commonly nicknamed "Night Witches" was the only regiment in the world to entirely consist of women. The regiment was often looked down upon by their male counterparts, but as the Second World War raged, they earned the undying respect of the Soviet Army. Their nickname "Night Witches" comes from the characteristic sound of their Po-2's, that was all that could be heard during their nightly raids as their engines were set to idle and they would glide through to Night to their victims, completely silent. This sound, or lack thereof, brought their enemy's thoughts to the broomsticks of Witches and thus called them "Nachthexen". Meaning Night Witches in English.

Every single member of the Night Witches had by the end of the war flown at least 800 missions, which was completely unheard of. Especially considering that an American pilot was generally allowed to retire if he survived 25 missions. Some of the most famous Night Witches, Yekaterina Ryabova and Nadezhda Popova were reported to once have completed 18 ground attack missions in a single night. Not only was it extremely humiliating for the German Army to be defeated by the outdated Po-2, but the fact that they were piloted by women added insult to injury. It went on to the degree that German High Command offered to award the Iron Cross to anyone that shot down a Night Witch. Only 30 people claimed that bounty in the entire war.

Twenty-three Night Witches were awarded the "Hero of the Soviet Union" title, 2 the "Hero of Russia" title and 1 the "Hero of Kazakhstan" title. 24,000 sorties and 23,000 tons of bombs dropped on target is also on their résumé. As the war went on and they became Heroes in the Soviet Union, they were offered better planes, but they refused. They stuck with the Po-2, they flew it when the war started and they continued to fly it when they participated in the Battle of Berlin in 1945.

The Po-2 was used in the Korean War by the North Koreans, where it inflicted considerable damage against airbases. United Nations forces found it incredibly difficult to track and shoot down Po-2s, due to the wood and fabric construction of the plane giving it a very small radar signature. The top speed of the Po-2 was well below the stall speed of most aircraft at the time. It's also the only biplane credited with a jet kill, achieved when a Lockheed F-94 Starfire attempted to attack a low-flying Po-2 and stalled in the process, losing control and crashing.

=== In-game description ===
The U-2, or Po-2, was a multi-role biplane, created by Nikolay Polikarpov in 1928. The U-2 was designed as a primary civilian trainer and was forgiving and easy to fly. Its inaugural flight took place on 7th January 1928, with M. M. Gromov at the controls. As designed, the U-2 was a conventional biplane with an air-cooled 100-HP M-11 engine. The aircraft was widely used in agriculture, transport and other roles. Staff plane and ambulance variants also existed, as well as reconnaissance, passenger, floatplane and many other versions.

By 1932, a new military trainer variant, U-2VS was designed. It could carry six 8-kg dummy bombs on underwing pylons and had a gunner turret in the rear seat. After the German invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941, many existing U-2s were converted to light night bombers. Modifications were made by both the Polikarpov Design Bureau, directly at the factories, and even in the field, by mechanics at front-line squadrons. As a result, the number of operational variants was high. The plane could carry from 100 to 350 kg of bombs. By 1943, the number of frontline Po-2 regiments reached its peak of up to 70 night bomber regiments. After Nikolay Polikarpov died in 1944, the aircraft was redesignated Po-2 in his memory. The aircraft remained in serial production until 1953, with over 33,000 built.

=== Notable pilots ===
<gallery mode="packed" heights="400">
File:Ivan_Kozhedub_2.jpg|link=User:U64962917#Kozhedub,_Ivan_N.|[[User:U64962917#Kozhedub,_Ivan_N.|Kozhedub's]] first flying experience was as a teenager when he learned to fly the Polikarpov U-2 (trainer versions of the Po-2).
File:Lydia_Litvyak_profile.jpg|link=User:U64962917#Litvyak, Lydia V.|[[User:U64962917#Litvyak, Lydia V.|Litvyak]] first soloed in a Polikarpov Po-2 at the age of 15 and would later pilot Yak-1 and Yak-1B fighters in the Great Patriotic War.
</gallery>

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=po-2 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|tEytRULfHfw|'''Spade Review. {{PAGENAME}}. A strange learning experience.''' - ''Joseph 2000''|8q0PXrB632g|'''The Polikarpov {{PAGENAME}}''' - ''SirKittalot''}}

== See also ==


;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* [[OS2U-1]] / [[OS2U-3]]
* [[Swordfish Mk I]] / [[Swordfish Mk II]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/888/current|[Ugly Ducklings] Polikarpov U-2/Po-2]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/275626-polikarpov-po-2vs/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[wikipedia:Polikarpov_Po-2|[Wikipedia] Polikarpov Po-2]]

{{Sp-begin|Obtainable events}}
<div align="left">
* [[wt:en/news/6920-event-halloween-in-war-thunder-en|Halloween 2020]]
* [[wt:en/news/6460-event-halloween-in-war-thunder-en|Halloween 2019]]
* [[wt:en/news/5856-event-halloween-in-war-thunder-en|Halloween 2018]]
* [[wt:en/news/5062-special-halloween-update-winners-list-en|Halloween 2017]]
* [[wt:en/news/4305-event-halloween-mischief-updated-01-11-2016-en|Halloween 2016]]
* [[wt:en/news/3393--en|Halloween 2015]]
* [[wt:en/news/2595/current|Halloween 2014]]
* [[wt:en/news/321--en|Halloween 2013]]
</div>
{{Sp-end}}

{{AirManufacturer Polikarpov}}
{{USSR bombers}}
[[Category:Hidden vehicles]]

Po-2

2021-10-18T01:32:35Z

U110233651: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=po-2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_po-2.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27. One of the more infamous planes in War Thunder, the Po-2 has a rather affectionate palindrome nickname of "2-OP" from the community for its history in the game. This plane is no longer obtainable unless it is given out during events.

The Po-2 is a very slow aircraft, earning a reputation of affection thanks to its poor characteristics. The Po-2 is about nine times as slow as the jets, and its maximum speed is one-third of a good amount of its opponents at BR 1.0. Being so, it is flown mostly for sheer fun with no intent of competitiveness. It does not come without its strengths, though - the Po-2 can carry a very effective bombload, and it can be very evasive against enemy aircraft, thanks to its slow speed and impressive manoeuvrability. The rear gunner is also decent, being in charge of a very effective machine gun. Unfortunately for the Po-2's enthusiasts, this is also the only armament it has, and the aircraft is so fragile that even a fast-firing gun does not often suffice to rid the Po-2 of a sad fate. Whenever confrontation with fighters is avoidable, one should avoid it and stay safe.

When the Po-2 was added, it was originally unlockable by research as a non-premium vehicle. However, it is currently hidden in the tech tree. The Po-2 can still be acquired, though. Once in a while, there is usually an event that rewards the Po-2 for completing it. It should be noted that while it appears before the BB-1 in the tech tree, users who have not unlocked the Po-2 via events or researching it before it was hidden will not see it in the tech tree. Additionally, the Po-2 is separate from the attacker line, and you do not need to have the Po-2 unlocked to research the BB-1 and the aircraft that follow it.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 130 || 126 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 30.5 || 31.4 || 1.8 || 1.7 || rowspan="2" | 258
|-
! Upgraded
| 138 || 134 || 29.6 || 30.0 || 2.8 || 2.3
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || N/A || ~5 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 200 || < 200 || < 200 || > 295
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
|-
| 700 m || colspan="2" |114 hp
|-
|}

====Engine performance====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Engine
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine Name
! colspan="3" | Number present
|-
| colspan="3" | Shvetsov M-11D 5-cylinder || colspan="1" | 1
|-
! colspan="4" | Engine characteristics
|-
! colspan="2" | Weight (each)
! colspan="1" | Type
! colspan="1" | Cooling
|-
| colspan="2" | 170 kg || Radial || Air
|-
! colspan="4" | Engine power (Stock)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
! colspan="4" | Take-off
|-
| ''Arcade'' || colspan="4" | 117 hp
|-
| ''Realistic/Simulator'' || colspan="4" | 116 hp
|-
! colspan="4" | Engine power (Upgraded)
|-
! colspan="1" | Mode
! colspan="4" | Take-off
|-
| ''Arcade'' || colspan="4" | 123 hp
|-
| ''Realistic/Simulator'' || colspan="4" | 120 hp
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | WEP Duration
|-
! colspan="2" | Arcade
! colspan="2" | Realistic/Simulator
|-
| colspan="2" | 25 seconds || colspan="2" | Infinite
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


The Po-2 has a 13 mm steel plate in the nose, which is something but not useful as if you are attacked from the front you cannot retaliate. In Air RB, the Po-2's airframe is surprisingly reliable and is perfectly controllable even with serious damage, however, past a certain amount of damage (yellow all over and worse) you will not have enough power to keep airborne for much longer. At this point, you can make an emergency landing and act as an anti-aircraft gun for the rest of the match.

It also has a small, self-sealing fuel tank, as well as a tiny oil tank in from of it, both just behind the engine. This leads to a low chance of catching on fire, however, if you are set on fire you have very little chance of putting it out due to your slow speed.

* 13 mm Steel plate in the nose.
* Small, single, self-sealing fuel tank.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|FAB-50sv (50 kg)|FAB-100sv (100 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 6 x 50 kg FAB-50sv bombs (300 kg total)
* 2 x 100 kg FAB-100sv bombs (200 kg total)
* 2 x 100 kg FAB-100sv bombs + 2 x 50 kg FAB-50sv bombs (300 kg total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|ShKAS (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 7.62 mm ShKAS machine gun, dorsal turret (200 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

The Po-2 does at times shine in Ground Realistic Battles, being potentially useful at any battle rating. Its slow speed makes it very easy to dive-bomb accurately with, and its 100 kg bombs are sufficient to put any tank out of order. A Po-2 pilot can even cause great humiliation to [[Maus]] commanders. However, tanks' light machine guns are no small threat for the small biplane, and even tanks' main guns can give it a very bad day, let alone dedicated AA platforms. To avoid this, Po-2 pilots should fly low and try their best to not fly in a straight line, and plan their attacks ahead, looking at the map to see where enemies were marked and inferring the enemies' locations from cap points.

In Air RB, your best bet is probably to spawn at bomber altitude as opposed to the airfield which, while presenting the risk of wing ripping, is better than struggling for speed at the altitude which most of the fighting at this rank takes place (that is, low altitude). Furthermore, you should take the 6x50kg bombs as, despite being smaller, they mean you have the chance to destroy 3 higher value targets instead of 2. You should choose a group of ground targets to attack, stationary tanks are good to bomb as any bomb can destroy them and they yield a decent reward. Moving targets are horrible and not worth it as short fuses lead to you being hit by your own bombs and long fuses lead to a very low hit probability since your bombs are small and must detonate very close to the target to have any effect, which is incredibly difficult to guarantee with a fuse.

After using up your bombs, find some vehicles, artillery, or AA emplacements you want to destroy and approach them. Be sure to use evasive manoeuvres as you approach, as your slow speed leads to AA hitting you far more often than it would on other planes. Flyover, but slightly to the side of your targets at a very low altitude, then switch to your rear gunner and destroy them (if you fly directly over then your tail will prevent your tail gunner from getting a shot). After destroying 2 targets using this method you should fire off your remaining bullets and let your gunner reload, as otherwise, you will probably run out of ammo halfway through your third strafing run. Since you can reload as many times as you like, this is a sustainable way of doing decently well, and you can destroy upwards of 20 targets (with some luck, on the right map.)

If attacked by enemy aircraft, you stand a small but appreciable chance of destroying them. When approached, point your aircraft directly away from the enemy and shoot at them with your rear gunner, preferably once they are within half a kilometre, though your gun can be effective out to 800 metres with some luck. If you have them unlocked, Universal belts are the best for almost all situations, since they make aiming far easier and more importantly have a higher chance of setting the attacker on fire, which will down them almost every time. As well as this, some pilots will break off once they are set on fire or seriously damaged, since they don't judge the effort to be worth it, but most pilots don't tend to think like this and require a "Significant Emotional Event" in order to stop shooting at you.

It should be noted that some people up-tier Po-2s into jet battles, which can be a valid strategy with the right tactics. You should always fly low in jet battles because most jets will not waste their altitude and energy on a Po-2 flying at treetop level. "Most" is the operative word here and even if you don't get downed, many jet battles are over before you even reach your intended target, even on smallish maps such as Malta. It has been noted that a North Korean Po-2 was credited with a jet-kill during the Korean war when an attacking F-94 Starfire stalled out trying to line up a shot at a Po-2 and crashed.

Thanks to its short landing distance, you can land at a helipad in mixed ground battles (at top-tier), repair and rearm and get an air spawn.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very manoeuvrable
* Very capable rudder, useful for quick evasive manoeuvres
* Difficult to tail due to low speed
* Very low stall speed
* Has bombsight
* Decent bomb load
* Slow speed helps with accurate bombing bombing
* Rear Gunner is armed with a machine gun with a good rate of fire
* Very short landing distance
* Immune to radar detection

'''Cons:'''

* No forward-firing armament
* Fragile (wood and fabric)
* Horribly slow
* Very hard to gain altitude
* Low service ceiling
* No armour or bulletproof glass protection for the pilot or the gunner
* Can not excess over ~200 km/h without over-revving engine and ~190 km/h for structural integrity
* not immune to top 20 and 30mm's

== History ==


The Po-2 was the primary aircraft of the infamous 588th Night Bomber Regiment of the Soviet Armed Forces. The Regiment, commonly nicknamed "Night Witches" was the only regiment in the world to entirely consist of women. The regiment was often looked down upon by their male counterparts, but as the Second World War raged, they earned the undying respect of the Soviet Army. Their nickname "Night Witches" comes from the characteristic sound of their Po-2's, that was all that could be heard during their nightly raids as their engines were set to idle and they would glide through to Night to their victims, completely silent. This sound, or lack thereof, brought their enemy's thoughts to the broomsticks of Witches and thus called them "Nachthexen". Meaning Night Witches in English.

Every single member of the Night Witches had by the end of the war flown at least 800 missions, which was completely unheard of. Especially considering that an American pilot was generally allowed to retire if he survived 25 missions. Some of the most famous Night Witches, Yekaterina Ryabova and Nadezhda Popova were reported to once have completed 18 ground attack missions in a single night. Not only was it extremely humiliating for the German Army to be defeated by the outdated Po-2, but the fact that they were piloted by women added insult to injury. It went on to the degree that German High Command offered to award the Iron Cross to anyone that shot down a Night Witch. Only 30 people claimed that bounty in the entire war.

Twenty-three Night Witches were awarded the "Hero of the Soviet Union" title, 2 the "Hero of Russia" title and 1 the "Hero of Kazakhstan" title. 24,000 sorties and 23,000 tons of bombs dropped on target is also on their résumé. As the war went on and they became Heroes in the Soviet Union, they were offered better planes, but they refused. They stuck with the Po-2, they flew it when the war started and they continued to fly it when they participated in the Battle of Berlin in 1945.

The Po-2 was used in the Korean War by the North Koreans, where it inflicted considerable damage against airbases. United Nations forces found it incredibly difficult to track and shoot down Po-2s, due to the wood and fabric construction of the plane giving it a very small radar signature. The top speed of the Po-2 was well below the stall speed of most aircraft at the time. It's also the only biplane credited with a jet kill, achieved when a Lockheed F-94 Starfire attempted to attack a low-flying Po-2 and stalled in the process, losing control and crashing.

=== In-game description ===
The U-2, or Po-2, was a multi-role biplane, created by Nikolay Polikarpov in 1928. The U-2 was designed as a primary civilian trainer and was forgiving and easy to fly. Its inaugural flight took place on 7th January 1928, with M. M. Gromov at the controls. As designed, the U-2 was a conventional biplane with an air-cooled 100-HP M-11 engine. The aircraft was widely used in agriculture, transport and other roles. Staff plane and ambulance variants also existed, as well as reconnaissance, passenger, floatplane and many other versions.

By 1932, a new military trainer variant, U-2VS was designed. It could carry six 8-kg dummy bombs on underwing pylons and had a gunner turret in the rear seat. After the German invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941, many existing U-2s were converted to light night bombers. Modifications were made by both the Polikarpov Design Bureau, directly at the factories, and even in the field, by mechanics at front-line squadrons. As a result, the number of operational variants was high. The plane could carry from 100 to 350 kg of bombs. By 1943, the number of frontline Po-2 regiments reached its peak of up to 70 night bomber regiments. After Nikolay Polikarpov died in 1944, the aircraft was redesignated Po-2 in his memory. The aircraft remained in serial production until 1953, with over 33,000 built.

=== Notable pilots ===
<gallery mode="packed" heights="400">
File:Ivan_Kozhedub_2.jpg|link=User:U64962917#Kozhedub,_Ivan_N.|[[User:U64962917#Kozhedub,_Ivan_N.|Kozhedub's]] first flying experience was as a teenager when he learned to fly the Polikarpov U-2 (trainer versions of the Po-2).
File:Lydia_Litvyak_profile.jpg|link=User:U64962917#Litvyak, Lydia V.|[[User:U64962917#Litvyak, Lydia V.|Litvyak]] first soloed in a Polikarpov Po-2 at the age of 15 and would later pilot Yak-1 and Yak-1B fighters in the Great Patriotic War.
</gallery>

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=po-2 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|tEytRULfHfw|'''Spade Review. {{PAGENAME}}. A strange learning experience.''' - ''Joseph 2000''|8q0PXrB632g|'''The Polikarpov {{PAGENAME}}''' - ''SirKittalot''}}

== See also ==


;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* [[OS2U-1]] / [[OS2U-3]]
* [[Swordfish Mk I]] / [[Swordfish Mk II]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/888/current|[Ugly Ducklings] Polikarpov U-2/Po-2]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/275626-polikarpov-po-2vs/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[wikipedia:Polikarpov_Po-2|[Wikipedia] Polikarpov Po-2]]

{{Sp-begin|Obtainable events}}
<div align="left">
* [[wt:en/news/6920-event-halloween-in-war-thunder-en|Halloween 2020]]
* [[wt:en/news/6460-event-halloween-in-war-thunder-en|Halloween 2019]]
* [[wt:en/news/5856-event-halloween-in-war-thunder-en|Halloween 2018]]
* [[wt:en/news/5062-special-halloween-update-winners-list-en|Halloween 2017]]
* [[wt:en/news/4305-event-halloween-mischief-updated-01-11-2016-en|Halloween 2016]]
* [[wt:en/news/3393--en|Halloween 2015]]
* [[wt:en/news/2595/current|Halloween 2014]]
* [[wt:en/news/321--en|Halloween 2013]]
</div>
{{Sp-end}}

{{AirManufacturer Polikarpov}}
{{USSR bombers}}
[[Category:Hidden vehicles]]

Pbv 301

2021-09-10T01:13:09Z

U110233651: i added stuff. i am new to wiki editing so feel free to change whatever you want

{{Specs-Card
|code=sw_pbv_301
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish SPAA {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Direct Hit"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

Speaking of armour, there is barely any armour to speak of! Don't go to the main battlefield because that will be your death sentence.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=213|rbMinHp=133}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Akan m/45B (20 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Akan m/45B (20 mm)|20 mm Akan m/45B]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 450 (75) || rowspan="2" | 725 || rowspan="2" | -9°/+40° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 26.4 || 36.5 || 44.3 || 49.0 || 52.1 || rowspan="2" | 10.40 || rowspan="2" | 9.20 || rowspan="2" | 8.48 || rowspan="2" | 8.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 17.9 || 21.0 || 25.5 || 28.2 || 30.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}
* '''slsgr m/42:''' {{Annotation|HEFI-T|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer}}
* '''slpgr m/42:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="7" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| Default || 42 || 40 || 30 || 22 || 16 || 11
|-
| slsgr m/42 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2
|-
| slpgr m/42 || 42 || 40 || 30 || 21 || 15 || 10
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Belt details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| slsgr m/42 || HEFI-T || 845 || 0.14 || 0 || 0.1 || 6 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| slpgr m/42 || AP-T || 845 || 0.14 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''6''' '''450'''
| 5 ''(+1)'' 375 ''(+75)''
| 4 ''(+2)'' 300 ''(+150)''
| 3 ''(+3)'' 225 ''(+225)''
| 2 ''(+4)'' 150 ''(+300)''
| 1 ''(+5)'' 75 ''(+375)''
| 0 ''(+6)'' 0 ''(+450)''
| Yes
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The Pbv 301 is an anti air vehicle. Stay in spawn and shoot down aircraft. You can also use it as a budget R3T20 but it wont penetrate much armour. It does shred through aircraft so stick with the anti air role. It is recommended to not go out of spawn because any shell rouge will cripple you. The Pbv 301's mobility offroad is not great for the stock engine.

=== Pros and cons ===

''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''

'''Pros:'''

Insanely fast gun

Small size

Nimble when upgraded

*

'''Cons:'''

Barely any armour

Slow when stock

Frequent reloads

Only 2 crew members

*

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{Sweden anti-aircraft vehicles}}

L3/33 CC

2021-08-19T13:13:58Z

U110233651: /* Pros and cons */ Added stuff

{{Specs-Card
|code=it_l3_cc
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_L3_33_CC.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (shortened to ''{{Specs|pseudonym}}'') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]].

The L3/33 CC is an Italian tank that is the War Thunder equivalent of a shoe-box on tracks (with a gun, of course). This vehicle has very little armour, which allows for it to quickly and deftly manoeuvre across the battlefield, scouting for pockets to position the vehicle in for tactical advantages against the slower and heavier enemy vehicles it faces.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 8 mm (79°) ''Front glacis'' 14 mm (0°) ''Lower glacis'' || 14 mm || 8 mm (0-32°) || 8 mm 5 mm ''Hatches''
|-
| Superstructure || 14 mm (13-64°) 14 mm (0-62°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 14 mm (0-15°) || 14 mm (0-17°) || 8 mm 5 mm ''Hatches''
|-
|}

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=61|rbMinHp=38}}

The L3/33 CC is very mobile both on and off-road. Thanks to its light weight, it accelerates quickly and can cruise at 40 / 25 km/h (AB/RB) in seconds. It does not lose much speed when turning but tends to oversteer when turning while driving over 40 km/h (in AB). With only -6 km/h in reverse (AB & RB), turning around and driving away is easier to retreat form unwanted situations.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Fucile Controcarri S Mod.39 (20 mm)}}

Wielding an anti-tank rifle with a 10 round magazine capable of launching a small APHE every second, the L3/33, in the hands of a competent commander, is able to deal with multiple lightly-armoured vehicles in quick succession. The only thing holding this quick-firing gun back is a lack of effective penetration to deal with all tanks at its battle rating, requiring the commander of this vehicle to be up close and personal and/or flank in order to deal with well-armoured targets ([[M3 Stuart]], [[Pz.38(t) F]], [[T-70]]). Certain heavy targets ([[B1 bis]]) should be avoided altogether.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Fucile Controcarri S Mod.39 (20 mm)|20 mm Fucile Controcarri S Mod.39]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 110 (10) || rowspan="2" | 60 || rowspan="2" | ±15° || rowspan="2" | ±10° || rowspan="2" | Vertical || 17.6 || 24.4 || 29.6 || 32.7 || 34.8 || rowspan="2" | 7.80 || rowspan="2" | 6.90 || rowspan="2" | 6.36 || rowspan="2" | 6.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 11.9 || 14.0 || 17.0 || 18.8 || 20.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| Perforante mod.35 || APHE || 40 || 38 || 29 || 20 || 14 || 10
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| Perforante mod.35 || APHE || 832 || 0.14 || 1.2 || 9 || 1.7 || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! 7th rack empty
! 8th rack empty
! 9th rack empty
! 10th rack empty
! 11th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''11''' || 10 ''(+1)'' || 9 ''(+2)'' || 8 ''(+3)'' || 7 ''(+4)'' || 6 ''(+5)'' || 5 ''(+6)'' || 4 ''(+7)'' || 3 ''(+8)'' || 2 ''(+9)'' || 1 ''(+10)'' || 0 ''(+11)'' || No
|-
|}
[[File:Ammoracks_L3_33_CC.png|right|x250px|thumbnail|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

== Usage in battles ==

The L3/33 CC is best used in ambushes, as this tactic allows it to strike from a close distance; a hill can provide a nice spot for this, as the L3 has 15 degrees of gun depression and can get to cover by simply reversing if it is spotted in time. It is also useful as a flanker due to its small size (hard to spot) and high mobility.

When playing the L3/33, incoming fire should be avoided at all costs. Due to the cramped layout of internal modules and crew of 2, any penetrating shell is enough to destroy the vehicle. In addition, the armour is so weak that it cannot even protect against .50 calibre machine gunplay carefully.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

[[B1 bis|B1]]:

The B1 is covered by thick armour of at least 50 mm in all directions, even the turret ring and the cupola are 40 mm which all exceed the maximum penetration of the L3 (38 mm). Do anything to avoid fighting this tank, leave it to your teammates by pinning its position on the map. But if unfortunately, you have to confront it, you must avoid its guns. Don't think you are small enough to slide beneath its guns, as it's hull-mounted 75 mm cannon has a whopping -20° depression, and the 47 mm in the turret has -18°, meaning that even if you are squeezing right between its tracks, it can still hit your fragile roof armour and eliminate a crew member with shrapnel. The only real damage you can do to it is to repeatedly shoot at its tracks to immobilize it.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Extremely tiny profile is sometimes a big advantage
* It utilizes small amounts of cover/bushes effectively
* Can easily sneak into lots of unexpected positions and set up for an ambush, advance or retreat
* Low silhouette can be fully covered behind a single one big bush decoration. It can even be covered with normal grass
* Amazing gun depression of -15° makes it a great mountain combat tank; combined with its tiny profile it can poke out only its gun to shoot from behind cover
* Quick firing cannon with an autoloading magazine can pinpoint enemy crew, especially with the spread-out ones like the LVT(A)
* Short stock grind, the best (and only) shell comes stock

'''Cons:'''

* 20 mm penetration isn't great and drops dramatically over range, over 400 m away it can effectively penetrate nothing except soft targets like T-26, GAZ trucks or Flakpanzers.
* Thin armour with only two crew cramped together makes it very vulnerable
* Vulnerable to .50 calibre fire, one bullet to the crew can eliminate the tank
* Low cannon calibre of 20 mm makes it difficult to destroy obstacles like walls
* 3rd person camera is low to the ground, preventing the player from looking behind obstacles such as low fences
* Just don't use it unless you want to troll people lol

== History ==

The '''Carro Veloce L3/33''', also known as the '''CV-33''' was a [[wikipedia:Tankette|tankette]] produced by Carro Veloce for the Regio Esercito beginning in 1933. The design was an adaptation of the British [[wikipedia:Carden_Loyd_tankette|Carden Loyd tankette]], which had seen wide success on the international export market and became the basis for a number of similar tankette designs throughout the 1930's. Because Italy lacked the industrial base to produce large numbers of more complex and advanced tank designs, the L3/33 and later [[wikipedia:L3/35|L3/35 tankette]] formed the backbone of the Italian armoured corps and became the most widely produced Italian armoured fighting vehicles of the war, seeing service from the Italian invasion of Ethiopia to the very end of WW2. Several variants were produced, including a flamethrower variant (the L3/33 FL, standing for "Lanciaflamme"), a bridge carrier variant and a command radio variant.

As the war progressed, and the Italians faced the Allies in France and North Africa with their more heavily armed and armoured tanks and long-range anti-tank guns, the deficiencies of the L3/33 and 35 became apparent. Although fast and possessing a low profile, it was too thinly armoured, capable of only withstanding infantry rifle calibre munitions. In addition, its standard armament of a 6.5mm machine gun proved inadequate for long-range combat or engaging other armoured vehicles. While the Regio Esercito began slowly upgrading its armoured units to more modern standards, stopgap solutions to make up for the difference were considered and adopted. One of these was to mount a [[Fucile Controcarri S Mod.39 (20 mm)]] in a small number of L3/33's and 35's, replacing the 6.5mm machine gun and creating an ad-hoc tank destroyer platform. These were designated as the '''L3/33 CC''', which stood for "contocarro" ("anti-tank"). Arriving too late to see action in Libya before the Axis retreat, they saw only limited action in Tunisia. Gradually, the L3/33 and L3/35 would be withdrawn from front line service, serving largely in behind-the-line roles such as artillery towing vehicles and police vehicles in Axis-occupied territories. After the Axis's fell, many tanks were captured and either destroyed or repurposed. The last recorded use of an L3/33 in service was during the Iraqi war, where the US captured the tank.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=it_l3_cc Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|VFEv4q3G5Us|'''Most unusual vehicles''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 3:56 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles of comparable role, configuration and era

* [[AMR.35 ZT3]]
* [[ASU-57]]

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:L3/33|[Wikipedia] L3/33]]

{{Italy tank destroyers}}

HSTV-L

2021-08-19T13:08:09Z

U110233651: /* Pros and cons */ Changed very good to insane in RoF

{{Specs-Card
|code=us_hstv_l
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Starfighters"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The HSTV-L is a very lightly-armoured vehicle. Depending on where you get shot you might lose 1 crew member but you will still be alive. If you get shot on the left side of the vehicle from the front, the chances of your ammo rack detonating greatly increases. Best case scenario for this vehicle is to not get hit in the first place.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 25.4 mm (80°) ''Upper Glacis'' {{annotation|25.4 mm|Estimated through calculation of effective thickness at angle.}} (55°) ''Lower Glacis (Upper Part)'' {{annotation|25.4 mm|Estimated through calculation of effective thickness at angle.}} (78°) ''Lower Glacis (Lower Part)''
| 25.4 mm ''Upper Sponson Side'' 19 mm ''Lower Sponson Side'' 38.1 mm ''Lower Hull Side''
| 25.4 mm || 19 mm ''Engine Compartment'' 5 mm ''Radiator Vents''
|-
| Turret || 25.4 mm ''Turret front'' 25.4 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 25.4 mm || 25.4 mm || 25.4 mm
|-
| Cupola || colspan="4" | 25.4 mm
|-
|Additional Armour
|| {{annotation|25.4 mm|Estimated through calculation of effective thickness at angle.}} (80°) ''Upper Glacis'' || {{annotation|25.4 mm|Estimated through calculation of effective thickness at angle.}} ''Frontal Sponson Side (Upper & Lower)'' 12.7 mm ''Frontal Sideskirts'' 8 mm ''Rear Sideskirts'' || colspan="2" |N/A
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Lower glacis (both parts) is variable thickness armour.
* Upper glacis and frontal sponson sides appliqué armour is variable thickness armour.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,007|rbMinHp=575}}

The HSTV-L has a very good power-to-weight ratio making the vehicle decently fast. The vehicle utilizes a 648 HP gas turbine engine. The HSTV-L is very manoeuvrable due to the gas turbine engine and can get to flanking spots early in the game.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

'''<big>Unlock order recommendations</big>'''

The order of modifications should be well thought out. Below is a guide of which modifications to unlock first, but it is just a recommendation and can be modified or adapted depending on the tank commander's preferences.

'''Tier 1'''

Tier 1 only has useful modifications but the number one priority should be parts which allows the tank to repair during battle, something that comes in handy in a majority of battles. After that tracks is something that could be researched second as its mobility is more reliant on the tracks upgrade than the firepower is on horizontal drive.

'''Tier 2'''

Moving on to tier 2, this tier is harder to pick modifications from because in general they are less useful modifications, but only two are needed before moving to tier 3. FPE and adjustment of fire are the likeliest candidates except in cases where the goal is to use the scouting ability to spawn planes, in which either of the two could be replaced by airstrike. It's best to move on to tier 3 after two tier 2 modifications are researched.

'''Tier 3'''

In tier 3 it gets more interesting with a number of useful modifications; three modifications are needed to get to tier 4. All the modifications in this tier are useful so some hard choices have to be made. Due to a decent stock elevation speed the elevation mechanism mod isn't strictly necessary and can be put off until later. Smoke grenades are good for concealing the vehicle to make a hasty escape or try to prevent the enemy from hitting the tank, the laser rangefinder is useful for making accurate shots at range which is also very important as the gun does not have much penetration so well aimed shots are necessary, crew replenishment is useful as always, and filters are beneficial to the mobility. It's recommended to unlock laser rangefinder and smoke grenades and then choose between filters and crew replenishment before then moving on to tier 4.

'''Tier 4'''

The most important modifications in tier 4 are NVD to give access to thermal sights for easier spotting of enemies and also the engine modification which greatly increases mobility.

'''Finishing up'''

After tier 4 is unlocked and the priority modifications there are unlocked it is time to clean up the remaining modifications. The order of unlocking modifications at this point is less important but there are a few that should be left until last - suspension and brake system which are generally the least important modifications on any given ground vehicle.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|XM274 (75 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[XM274 (75 mm)|75 mm XM274]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 26 || rowspan="2" | -17°/+45° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 54.3 || 75.1 || 91.2 || 100.9 || 107.3 || rowspan="2" | 1.5 || rowspan="2" | 1.5 || rowspan="2" | 1.5 || rowspan="2" | 1.5
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 33.9 || 39.9 || 48.5 || 53.6 || 57.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| XM885 || APFSDS || 276 || 269 || 262 || 252 || 243 || 234
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| XM885 || APFSDS || 1,463 || 2.2 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''26''' || 7 ''(+19)'' || 1 ''(+25)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Rack 2 is a ready rack, so although shells deplete from that rack after firing, it will refill from rack 1.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M240 (7.62 mm)}}

The HSTV-L has 2 M240 machine guns. One is fixed to the gun mantlet and the other is mounted on the Commander's cupola. These machine guns can be used to mark enemies for your allies and can also be used to shoot down some lighter aircraft, but be careful as shooting them will give away your location and can result in them strafing and destroying your vehicle.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M240 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M240]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 1,600 (200) || 941 || N/A || N/A
|-
| Pintle || 1,600 (200) || 941 || -10°/+69° || -180°/+20°
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The HSTV-L is a light tank with a quick ready-rack reload, making it adept at dealing with multiple enemies in ambush situations. It can achieve a very good top speed thanks to its light weight and has a similarly good turning ability. With this mobility (which is on par with that of top MBTs), the HSTV-L can achieve desirable early-game positions and move quickly around the map when necessary.

Like most light tanks, this vehicle is lacking in the protection department. It has thin armour in all directions, which is not backed up by any spaced or composite protection, and is susceptible to hull-break. In some situations, the armour may be thin enough that kinetic rounds overpenetrate and pass straight through the vehicle without causing much damage. The highly-angled armour can also sometimes bounce shots. In most cases though, the HSTV-L cannot be counted on to sustain heavy fire.

This tank is fairly unique in that it is equipped with an autoloader that can fire every 1.5 seconds, without ever needing to stop to replenish a ready-rack.The shell itself, an APFSDS round, is decent, but may have trouble penetrating the frontal armour of top MBTs. This combined with the vehicle's poor armour means that head-on attacks are rarely advisable, but with the quick reload, multiple shots into an enemy's sides or rear will be very effective.

The HSTV-L is better suited to firing at enemies without their noticing--from ambush positions, from the flanks, and from behind corners. The vehicle's great mobility will aid with this playstyle. Indeed, its mobility is what makes the HSTV-L great on urban maps. Furthermore, in ambush situations the tank is able to easily deal with multiple enemies thanks to its fast ready-rack reload. This tank has a 45 degree gun elevation and a 17 degree gun depression. This gun depression is extremely powerful, and makes the vehicle very effective at hill camping and at firing from behind ridgelines. A thermal sight in both gunner and commander/binocular views makes the HSTV-L a great scouting vehicle. It is recommended to use the vehicle's high mobility to aid in scouting enemies for teammates to locate and destroy.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Thanks to the autoloader, the cannon has an insane rate of fire with 1.5s reload time
* Due to its light armour some kinetic rounds may over penetrate, leaving it undamaged
* Excellent urban fighting vehicle as in up-tiers, side shots are much more effective
* Internal 30 mm armour can help protect crew from spalling
* Thermal sight for both gunner and commander = Great scouting vehicle
* Up to 45° elevation and -17° depression over the sides (-13 depression to the front)
* Very good gun handling

'''Cons:'''

* Commander's cupola can be penetrated by heavy machine gun fire
* Limited ammo capacity, with only 26 rounds
* Limited ammo selection; can only fire APFSDS
* APFSDS round has low penetration and has problems penetrating frontal armour of some MBTs
* The XM855 APFSDS dart causes minimal damage to modules or crew members after penetration due to its calibre (reduced spall - even less than APCR!)

== History ==

'''<big>Development</big>'''

The High Survivability Test Vehicle - Lightweight, shortened to HSTV-L, was a light tank project that was developed in the 1970's and 1980's. It was funded by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and built by the AAI Corporation. The prototype was completed in September 1979 and began field trials soon after. After the field trials the HSTV-L was used for testing of the fire control system (FCS) with different stabilization algorithms tested as well as the hunter-killer sights. The HSTV-L was not chosen for production by the Army or the Marine Corps and was cancelled in 1981. It was later developed into the Rapid Deployment Force Light Tank (RDF/LT).

'''<big>Design</big>'''

'''General'''

The HSTV-L design was based around an incredibly low profile hull and turret with very shallow angles on the frontal portion, in order to deflect projectiles fired at it. The HSTV-L had a crew of 3, with the driver and gunner side by side in the hull front and the commander in the left side of the turret, all of whom sat semi-reclined. All 3 crew members had the ability to fire the gun and both the gunner and driver's position could drive the vehicle. The vehicle had a length of 8.528 m with gun forward and the hull had a length of 5.918 m. The height was only 2.414 m including the equipment on the turret roof, being 1.994 m to the top of the turret and 1.422 m to the top of the hull. The width was 2.794 meters. The vehicle had a combat weight of 14.5 tonnes or up to 17.0 tonnes when equipped with an appliqué armor package. During testing the HSTV-L was fitted with additional equipment for data collection and weighed 20.45 tonnes. The HSTV-L could be airlifted, underslung, by a CH-53 Sea Stallion helicopter when at the weight of 14.5 tonnes.

'''Mobility and Power'''

The HSTV-L was propelled by a 650 horsepower (485 kilowatt) Avro-Lycoming gas turbine powerplant and an Allison X-300-4A transmission with four forward and two reverse gears. The transmission had a torque converter. There were five road wheels on each side and the tracks were 450 mm wide. The suspension was built by National Water Lift, being hydropneumatic but not variable; in other words the height could not be adjusted. The ground clearance of the HSTV-L was 0.508 meters. The HSTV-L could pivot in place while in neutral gear, and it carried a fuel load of 409 liters giving it a cruising range of 160 kilometers. It could accelerate from 0 to 48 kph in 11.8 seconds and had a maximum speed of 83.68 kilometers per hour.

In addition to the main propulsion system there were two 250 ampere generators providing auxiliary power as well as a 60 gpm hydraulic pump. The hydraulic pump was used to power an oil cooler fan mounted in the engine compartment as well as the gun control system and automatic loading system.

'''Armament and FCS'''

The main armament of the HSTV-L was an ARES 75 mm XM274 gun mounted in a rotating turret. 26 rounds of ammunition were provided of both depleted-uranium APFSDS-T and multi-flechette anti-aircraft rounds. The gun was loaded by an automatic loading system which provided the HSTV-L with a high rate of fire.

Secondary armament was provided by a coaxial 7.62 mm M240 machine gun and a second 7.62 mm M240 machine gun pintle-mounted on the commander's cupola. A total of 3,200 rounds of 7.62 mm ammunition was split between the two machine guns.

The turret could rotate a full 360 degrees at a speed of 57 degrees per second. The gun could elevate 45 degrees but the depression depended on which direction the turret faced; over the front the gun could depress 17 degrees, 30 degrees over the side, and 6 degrees over the rear of the vehicle. Manual backup was provided for turret traverse and gun elevation but the rate at which they moved was much slower when manual than with power. The main gun was two-plane stabilized, with both the stabilization and gun control systems having been produced by Cadillac Gage.

The hunter/killer fire control system (FCS) was designed and built by Texas Instruments. The commander received a stabilized commander's independent thermal viewer (CITV) which could rotate independently of the turret and included both TV and thermal imaging. The gunner also received a stabilized sight, though this one was slaved to the gun, which included thermal and TV imaging as well, along with an eye safe CO2 laser rangefinder built by Raytheon. This hunter/killer system allowed the commander to locate a target with the hunter sight. Once a target was located the gunner would use his killer sight to fire on the target while the commander began to search for the next target. The fire control system (FCS) used the sights, crosswind sensor, muzzle reference system, vertical reference system, and laser rangefinder to automatically determine the firing solution, leaving the gunner only to fire the gun. The fully stabilized main gun along with advanced FCS allowed the HSTV-L a high first hit probability and high accuracy on the move.

The driver and gunner are given a screen that displays the imaging of the hunter sight which allows them to operate independently of a vehicle commander if necessary. Theoretically, the HSTV-L could be controlled entirely by only one crew member from either the driver or gunner's position since both had driving and gunnery controls.

=== [[wt:en/news/6711-development-hstv-l-view-of-tomorrow-en|Devblog]] ===
By the mid 1970's, the US military initiated a series of studies which looked into the development of new concepts and designs for tanks which combined good firepower and survivability. The latter of which was to be achieved through a smaller size, rather than heavy armor protection.

As at the time, both the US Army and USMC were looking into possible replacements for their M551 Sheridan and M50 Ontos tanks respectively, the two military branches joined forces in a joint research programme dubbed "ARMVAL" (Advanced Antiarmor Vehicle Evaluation). The vehicles developed under this programme would be used as test beds for various new concepts and ideas in an effort to gain new experiences, which would in turn be used in the development of future tank designs.

One of the later products of this experimental programme was the HSTV-L - a compact, lightweight, highly mobile tank design, fitted with an autoloaded 75mm smoothbore cannon, designed to fire kinetic ammunition in short bursts in order to wear down and ultimately defeat composite armor screens. The HSTV-L was built in 1979 and underwent various trials until 1981.

At the start of the 1980's, the 75mm gun was considered inadequate to deal with the most recent Soviet MBTs by the Army, while the USMC questioned the vehicle's effectiveness in amphibious landing operations. This led to the ultimate discontinuation of the collaborative project in 1981.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=usa&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=light_tank&vehicle=us_hstv_l Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

'''Images'''<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:HSTV-L WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:HSTV-L WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:HSTV-L WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:HSTV-L WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:HSTV-L WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:HSTV-L WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
File:HSTV-L WTWallpaper 07.jpg|
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|C5cw-_dXhFE|'''The Shooting Range #203''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:30 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|6qzHOvgOWug|'''HSTV-L - Tank History and Review''' - ''Spookston''|PosWOnOGkSo|'''Best experimental vehicles''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 4:00 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


* Tanks at similar positions in other tech trees:
** [[VFM5|VFM 5]] - A British light tank
** [[CV 90105 TML|CV90105 TML]] - A Swedish light tank
** [[TAM 2C]] - A German light tank
** [[Object 685]] - A Russian light tank

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6711-development-hstv-l-view-of-tomorrow-en|[Devblog] HSTV-L: View of Tomorrow]]
* https://tanknutdave.com/the-american-hstvl-tank/

{{TankManufacturer AAI Corporation}}
{{USA light tanks}}

Hs 129 B-3

2021-04-12T04:30:48Z

U110233651:

{{About
| about = German strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Hs 129 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=hs-129b-3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.37]].

The Hs 129 is a pure ground attack aircraft, designed mostly to take out tanks and armoured vehicles. The anti-tank gun [[KwK 40 (75 mm)|PaK 40]] is capable of knocking out medium tanks, while the 7.92 mm LMGs can destroy armoured cars and mobile AAAs. The plane is both slow and sluggish, meaning that it practically has to go after ground targets, but the armament and armour somewhat compensate for that and enable the plane to take out nearly all ground targets except pillboxes and heavy tanks.

The plane is very heavy, which makes it nearly impossible to take out fighters. Even most medium bombers are more manoeuvrable; however, the plane is heavily armoured, so it can last a while even under heavy fire, even to such a degree that some planes run out of ammunition before taking out a Henschel.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,550 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 421 || 404 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.4 || 31.3 || 5.9 || 5.9 || rowspan="2" | 331
|-
! Upgraded
| 466 || 439 || 26.5 || 27.9 || 11.2 || 8.3
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 287 || 252 || 190 || ~10 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 320 || < 320 || < 300 || > 280
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 3,550 m || 1,300 hp || 1,530 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 5 mm Steel - Oil cooler covers
* 5 mm Steel - Lower engine cowl protection
* 2 mm Steel - Cockpit side plates
* 12 mm Steel - Cockpit back plate, floor, and front plates
* 75 mm Bulletproof glass

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
[[File:Hs-129 B-3 destroying a ground vehicle.png|thumb|Hs-129 B-3 destroying a ground vehicle with its 75 mm BK 7.5 cannon]]
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|BK 7.5 (75 mm)|MG 17 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 75 mm BK 7.5 cannon, chin-mounted (13 rpg)
* 2 x 7.92 mm MG 17 machine guns, cheek-mounted (1,000 rpg = 2,000 total)

The two machine guns are arranged on each side of the fuselage. The 75 mm cannon is mounted to the underside of the fuselage. When aiming do not use the crosshair, instead, to be more precise with your shots, take the diameter of the aiming circle and put the length under the circle. This should provide the most accurate shot as that spot is a rough estimation of where your shot will land.

== Usage in battles ==

[[File:Cockpit_Hs129B.jpg|x400px|thumbnail|right|The Hs 129 B's instrument panel.]]

The Hs 129 B-3 is capable of destroying most mission-relevant ground targets. Tanks of all sorts, as well as light pillboxes, can be destroyed in one hit, provided armour piercing ammunition is used. Thanks to the 13 shells available, this can make a single Hs 129 B-3 a game-changing aircraft.

The Hs 129, however, does have major drawbacks. Its engines are weak which results in poor top speed, acceleration and climb rate. This, combined with the armour of nearly one-ton weight, makes it perform poorly in air combat and very vulnerable to attacks of enemy fighters. This, however, goes so far that sometimes enemy pilots underestimate the Hs 129 and overshoot it after a tight turn, which gives the Hs 129 pilot a moderate chance of defending himself.

In simulator battles, it is ''highly advisable'' to climb to at least 600 meters, level, and build speed (energy) before turning and returning for another attack. When spawning, it is still recommended to climb to 1000 meters above ground and use the scope to spot enemy ground vehicles in simulator battles. If there are possible enemies in the area, lose altitude, and fly away from the enemy to take a different path.

Do not attempt to make quick adjustments when aiming in a dive. Pull up, and try again. The AI tanks will go nowhere. Use 'universal belts' to help aim the main tank gun. It is not recommended to use tracers. The plane needs one major virtue to produce desirable results: patience.

The plane may sound very weak but, every tool in the box has a specific purpose: the Hs 129 B-3 is designed to win through objective destruction.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

[[Yak-2 KABB]]: Do not think that the {{PAGENAME}} can confidently out maneuver this plane just because it is twin-engined. The Yak-2 has an amazing turn rate for a heavy fighter, thus the {{PAGENAME}} must avoid turning with it, if not dogfighting with it in general. It bears a pair of ShVAK cannons that can easily damage vital parts like engine or cooling systems. It has green camo, greatly resembling an Me 410 but with an H-tail like a Bf 110's.

[[ZSD63]]: A dangerous SPAA to go up against in Tank Realistic Battles. Though it is hard to identify specific SPAA vehicles on the ground (especially when they are shooting tracers at the plane), if a ZSD63 is identified, avoid it at all costs and '''do not''' attempt head-ons with it, ever. It can easily snap a wing off by casually putting a short burst in the {{PAGENAME}}'s flight path. Don't even get close to it unless it is busy shooting someone else. Even the {{PAGENAME}}'s mighty 75mm cannon cannot effectively damage it as its hull is overall quite empty, causing your shells to do little to no damage. Some identifying features of the ZSD63 is its rather boxy and tall hull with a geometric turret sitting at the back, slightly similar to a Wirbelwind's. The firing manner is also distinctive: the sound and green tracers are very rapid, much like a buzz saw, but then it will remain silent for half a minute reloading. Note that an experienced ZSD player will hold its fire or shoot in single salvos with long halts between, making it look like that it's reloading.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* The combination of the 7.92 mm machine guns and the 75 mm anti-tank gun can make short work of armoured columns
* A well-timed shot from the 75 mm gun when firing High Explosive can tear an aircraft apart
* Extremely effective in tank realistic battles with air superiority. The 75 mm can take out even the most heavily armoured allied tanks
* The 7.62 mm machine guns allow for engaging unarmoured targets without wasting 75 mm ammunition
* Can take a fair amount of punishment
* Quite a stable gun platform
* Default ammunition for 75 mm gun is made up of only AP shells, unlike similar aircraft

'''Cons:'''

Has only 35 rounds for the 75mm (help me with the dot please)

* Extremely slow from under-powered engines
* Terrible climb rate
* Not particularly manoeuvrable
* Poor energy retention
* Damage to engines can lose enough power to the extent that the plane simply falls out of the sky
* No defensive armament translates to a "sitting duck" in some combat situations, especially without friendly fighters in the air
* Cockpit has very thin armour that leaves pilot vulnerable to most enemy projectiles
* The gun has large horizontal dropoff (if you dive at a higher angle, the shots will be more accurate to where you put the crosshair)

== History ==


Produced in 1944, the B-3 variant of the Henschel Hs 129 was installed with the 7.5 cm BK 7,5 cannon, a lighter version of the PaK 40 which already been tested on the Junkers Ju 88. The 7.5 cm BK 7,5 had 12 rounds in a rotary magazine. The gun was fully automatic, with a newly designed hydraulic recoil dampening system and a more aerodynamic muzzle brake. The gun pod had a circular port to let the cartridges eject after firing. The 7.5 cm BK 7,5 was the most powerful forward-firing weapon ever fitted to a production aircraft at the time. It can theatrically destroy any armoured target it found. Only 25 units of the Hs 129 B-3 were produced.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?q=%23hs129b3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|VHJN6ZWOmnY|'''The bane of tanks''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 3:12 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


* [[Hs 129 B-2]]
* [[Hs 129 B-2 (Romania)|Hs 129 B-2 (Romania) in German premium tech tree]]
* [[Hs 129 B-2 (Romania) (Italy)|Hs 129 B-2 (Romania) in Italian premium tech tree]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/2689--en|[Ugly Ducklings] - Hs 129]]

{{AirManufacturer Henschel}}
{{Germany strike aircraft}}

Hs 129 B-3

2021-04-12T04:29:29Z

U110233651:

{{About
| about = German strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Hs 129 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=hs-129b-3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.37]].

The Hs 129 is a pure ground attack aircraft, designed mostly to take out tanks and armoured vehicles. The anti-tank gun [[KwK 40 (75 mm)|PaK 40]] is capable of knocking out medium tanks, while the 7.92 mm LMGs can destroy armoured cars and mobile AAAs. The plane is both slow and sluggish, meaning that it practically has to go after ground targets, but the armament and armour somewhat compensate for that and enable the plane to take out nearly all ground targets except pillboxes and heavy tanks.

The plane is very heavy, which makes it nearly impossible to take out fighters. Even most medium bombers are more manoeuvrable; however, the plane is heavily armoured, so it can last a while even under heavy fire, even to such a degree that some planes run out of ammunition before taking out a Henschel.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,550 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 421 || 404 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.4 || 31.3 || 5.9 || 5.9 || rowspan="2" | 331
|-
! Upgraded
| 466 || 439 || 26.5 || 27.9 || 11.2 || 8.3
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 287 || 252 || 190 || ~10 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 320 || < 320 || < 300 || > 280
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 3,550 m || 1,300 hp || 1,530 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 5 mm Steel - Oil cooler covers
* 5 mm Steel - Lower engine cowl protection
* 2 mm Steel - Cockpit side plates
* 12 mm Steel - Cockpit back plate, floor, and front plates
* 75 mm Bulletproof glass

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
[[File:Hs-129 B-3 destroying a ground vehicle.png|thumb|Hs-129 B-3 destroying a ground vehicle with its 75 mm BK 7.5 cannon]]
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|BK 7.5 (75 mm)|MG 17 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 75 mm BK 7.5 cannon, chin-mounted (13 rpg)
* 2 x 7.92 mm MG 17 machine guns, cheek-mounted (1,000 rpg = 2,000 total)

The two machine guns are arranged on each side of the fuselage. The 75 mm cannon is mounted to the underside of the fuselage. When aiming do not use the crosshair, instead, to be more precise with your shots, take the diameter of the aiming circle and put the length under the circle. This should provide the most accurate shot as that spot is a rough estimation of where your shot will land.

== Usage in battles ==

[[File:Cockpit_Hs129B.jpg|x400px|thumbnail|right|The Hs 129 B's instrument panel.]]

The Hs 129 B-3 is capable of destroying most mission-relevant ground targets. Tanks of all sorts, as well as light pillboxes, can be destroyed in one hit, provided armour piercing ammunition is used. Thanks to the 13 shells available, this can make a single Hs 129 B-3 a game-changing aircraft.

The Hs 129, however, does have major drawbacks. Its engines are weak which results in poor top speed, acceleration and climb rate. This, combined with the armour of nearly one-ton weight, makes it perform poorly in air combat and very vulnerable to attacks of enemy fighters. This, however, goes so far that sometimes enemy pilots underestimate the Hs 129 and overshoot it after a tight turn, which gives the Hs 129 pilot a moderate chance of defending himself.

In simulator battles, it is ''highly advisable'' to climb to at least 600 meters, level, and build speed (energy) before turning and returning for another attack. When spawning, it is still recommended to climb to 1000 meters above ground and use the scope to spot enemy ground vehicles in simulator battles. If there are possible enemies in the area, lose altitude, and fly away from the enemy to take a different path.

Do not attempt to make quick adjustments when aiming in a dive. Pull up, and try again. The AI tanks will go nowhere. Use 'universal belts' to help aim the main tank gun. It is not recommended to use tracers. The plane needs one major virtue to produce desirable results: patience.

The plane may sound very weak but, every tool in the box has a specific purpose: the Hs 129 B-3 is designed to win through objective destruction.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

[[Yak-2 KABB]]: Do not think that the {{PAGENAME}} can confidently out maneuver this plane just because it is twin-engined. The Yak-2 has an amazing turn rate for a heavy fighter, thus the {{PAGENAME}} must avoid turning with it, if not dogfighting with it in general. It bears a pair of ShVAK cannons that can easily damage vital parts like engine or cooling systems. It has green camo, greatly resembling an Me 410 but with an H-tail like a Bf 110's.

[[ZSD63]]: A dangerous SPAA to go up against in Tank Realistic Battles. Though it is hard to identify specific SPAA vehicles on the ground (especially when they are shooting tracers at the plane), if a ZSD63 is identified, avoid it at all costs and '''do not''' attempt head-ons with it, ever. It can easily snap a wing off by casually putting a short burst in the {{PAGENAME}}'s flight path. Don't even get close to it unless it is busy shooting someone else. Even the {{PAGENAME}}'s mighty 75mm cannon cannot effectively damage it as its hull is overall quite empty, causing your shells to do little to no damage. Some identifying features of the ZSD63 is its rather boxy and tall hull with a geometric turret sitting at the back, slightly similar to a Wirbelwind's. The firing manner is also distinctive: the sound and green tracers are very rapid, much like a buzz saw, but then it will remain silent for half a minute reloading. Note that an experienced ZSD player will hold its fire or shoot in single salvos with long halts between, making it look like that it's reloading.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* The combination of the 7.92 mm machine guns and the 75 mm anti-tank gun can make short work of armoured columns
* A well-timed shot from the 75 mm gun when firing High Explosive can tear an aircraft apart
* Extremely effective in tank realistic battles with air superiority. The 75 mm can take out even the most heavily armoured allied tanks
* The 7.62 mm machine guns allow for engaging unarmoured targets without wasting 75 mm ammunition
* Can take a fair amount of punishment
* Quite a stable gun platform
* Default ammunition for 75 mm gun is made up of only AP shells, unlike similar aircraft

'''Cons:'''

Has only 35 rounds for the 75mm

* Extremely slow from under-powered engines
* Terrible climb rate
* Not particularly manoeuvrable
* Poor energy retention
* Damage to engines can lose enough power to the extent that the plane simply falls out of the sky
* No defensive armament translates to a "sitting duck" in some combat situations, especially without friendly fighters in the air
* Cockpit has very thin armour that leaves pilot vulnerable to most enemy projectiles
* The gun has large horizontal dropoff (if you dive at a higher angle, the shots will be more accurate to where you put the crosshair)

== History ==


Produced in 1944, the B-3 variant of the Henschel Hs 129 was installed with the 7.5 cm BK 7,5 cannon, a lighter version of the PaK 40 which already been tested on the Junkers Ju 88. The 7.5 cm BK 7,5 had 12 rounds in a rotary magazine. The gun was fully automatic, with a newly designed hydraulic recoil dampening system and a more aerodynamic muzzle brake. The gun pod had a circular port to let the cartridges eject after firing. The 7.5 cm BK 7,5 was the most powerful forward-firing weapon ever fitted to a production aircraft at the time. It can theatrically destroy any armoured target it found. Only 25 units of the Hs 129 B-3 were produced.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?q=%23hs129b3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|VHJN6ZWOmnY|'''The bane of tanks''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 3:12 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


* [[Hs 129 B-2]]
* [[Hs 129 B-2 (Romania)|Hs 129 B-2 (Romania) in German premium tech tree]]
* [[Hs 129 B-2 (Romania) (Italy)|Hs 129 B-2 (Romania) in Italian premium tech tree]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/2689--en|[Ugly Ducklings] - Hs 129]]

{{AirManufacturer Henschel}}
{{Germany strike aircraft}}

A2D-1

2021-04-12T04:24:33Z

U110233651: there was a typo amd=and :)

{{Specs-Card
|code=a2d
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_a2d.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} American strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.89 "Imperial Navy"]].

The {{PAGENAME}} was outfitted with the Allison XT40A turboprop engine, effectively doubling the horsepower over the [[AD-2|AD-2 ''Skyraider'']], however, installation of contra-rotating propellers was needed to harness all of that power. To accommodate this new thrust, the wing roots were decreased in their thickness while the tail section became larger and taller in order to stabilize the aircraft when under power. With the new engine situated, it was time to focus on the armament of the aircraft. Basic offensive 20 mm cannons were implemented, placing two in each wing with each gun being loaded with 400 rounds of ammunition, twice the firepower as on the Skyraider!

The Douglas {{PAGENAME}} did not have the same legacy as the A-1 Skyraider, however here in War Thunder new life has been given to this hybrid turbo-prop fighter allowing it to find a niche as a strike aircraft turned fighter and/or bomber, all depending on the ordnance outfitted by the pilot. Not to be underestimated, though having a bulky airframe, the {{PAGENAME}} has the speed and ordnance which can help in turning the tide of a battle. Often this aircraft will come up against jet aircraft, but its lack of speed can be made up in manoeuvrability and skill of the pilot in command.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

'''5500 shaft horsepower''' (!sic) — Let this sink in for a moment. Nigh triple that of the another contra-rotating propeller machine in the game, the [[Seafire FR 47|Seafire Mk.47]] - queen of the Spitfires. Furthermore looking at the statistics, one sees more to be gay about. The top speed rivals early jets, rate of climb is phenomenal and the short take off run speaks for a great acceleration. Every characteristic tells the tale of a great [[energy fighting]] machine. This [[:Category:Attackers|attacker]] is very much unlike its older cousin the [[AD-2|AD-2 ''Skyraider'']].

But the devil is in the detail. The wing loading is exceptional high >220 kg/m², sitting even above the [[P-47 (Family)|P-47 ''Thunderbolt'']]. It further does so in category of weight and size. Make no mistake, the Skyshark is a Sky''whale'' and flies appropriately at times. Due the weight, the elevator authority feels weak and one will kiss the ground more than once, before learning to fly with the momentum properly. Rapid pitch changes are not the Skysharks forte, an abusable fact known to aces. Worse still is the jittery behaviour while manoeuvring or taking aim. Again the aircraft<nowiki>'</nowiki>s mass will delay any inputs, especially noticeable in [[Simulator Battles|simulator mode]]. Another quirk is the engine itself: As a turboprop the jets require a spool-up time when going from low to high power.

Of course one wants to exploit the A2D ''Skysharks''<nowiki/>' advantages. From above we can notice a plane much simuilar to it: The [[P-47M-1-RE|P-47M ''Thunderbolt'']]. However, in one thing they are apart: Their climb rate, the Bolt<nowiki>'</nowiki>s Achilles heel. Further the acceleration is better, thanks to the 5500 shaft-hp allowing for a better sustained turn rate despite mediocre manoeuvrability. This allows the A2D to outshine many early jets in turn dogfights. Maintaining a Yo-Yo with 350 km/h IAS is possible and sadly necessary, any slower than this and the aircraft becomes less responsive. A rare case were lower speeds reduce overall controllability. Again the max weight rears its ugly head.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 8,534 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
|796||796|| rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} ||25.6||26.2||32.4||32.1|| rowspan="2" | 350
|-
! Upgraded
| 796 || 796 || 24.5 || 25.0 || 36.4 || 34.4
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} ||428|| 351 || 300 || ~9 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 460 || < 480 || < 460 || N/A
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 1,000 m || 5,034 hp || N/A
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


The {{PAGENAME}} has no protection for the pilot which makes it very vulnerable to AAA and other aircraft. The radar is also vulnerable to being hit. Belly landings can lead to the aircraft destroying itself beyond repair, but if done in a certain way now, due to damage model changes, the {{PAGENAME}} can indeed belly land.

The propeller driveshaft besides the engines is the most important part of maintaining thrust, as if it is damaged too much the engine condition will not matter and a loss of airspeed will occur. The A2D1 can still fly on one engine if the prop driveshaft and the one said engine is lightly damaged or undamaged. The {{PAGENAME}}'s fuel tank is quite prone to fires as it is a big target due to being in the fuselage. While this may seem bad, do not let this discourage you from executing boom-and-zoom tactics.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|T31 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 20 mm T31 cannons, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 800 total)

The T31 is a modification of the Hispano-Suiza system and an improvement from the AN-M2 cannon, mostly in weight though. The quadrupple punch is a welcomed upgrade from the Skyraiders. However as the autocannons are mounted in the wings, the pilot must be cognizant of their range to the target and their convergence setting to ensure the ammunition hits the target and doesn't just fly on by.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AN-M57 (250 lb)|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|AN-M65A1 (1,000 lb)|AN-M66A2 (2,000 lb)}}
{{main|HVAR|Mk.13-1 Case (1,927 lb)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 20 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (5,000 lb total)
* 20 x HVAR rockets
* 10 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (5,000 lb total)
* 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)
* 2 x 2,000 lb AN-M66A2 bombs (4,000 lb total)
* 2 x 2,000 lb AN-M66A2 bombs + 8 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (8,000 lb total)
* 2 x 2,000 lb AN-M66A2 bombs + 20 x HVAR rockets (4,000 lb total)
* 2 x 1,927 lb Mk.13-1 Case torpedoes

Twenty-two total hardpoints allow the {{PAGENAME}} to carry an abundance of suspended ordnance much like the Skyraider. Choices of bombs, rockets and torpedoes open up the possibility of targets which can be engaged. Choices in bombs provide options with either 250 lb, 500 lb, 1,000 lb and 2,000 lb bombs. With these targets can range from mobile light trucks, anti-aircraft artillery, tanks, pillboxes and even bases. HVAR rockets provide flexibility to allow the {{PAGENAME}} to fire them from any angle (a restriction which bombs have) as the aircraft descends towards the target. The Mk.13-1 Case torpedoes are outfitted with a special frangible wooden drag ring and box stabilizer which allow for the torpedo to be dropped at high speeds and from higher altitudes than unmodified torpedoes making them a perfect option for the {{PAGENAME}} when taking on an anti-shipping role.

== Usage in battles ==

In [[Arcade Battles|Arcade]] and [[Realistic Battles]], the A2D-1 can climb with no extra armament to become top cover for the allied fighters, or alternatively escort bombers to their designation. It can also carry one of its most hard hitting armaments and destroy several ground targets or destroy two bases. Though in [[Simulator Battles]] the jittery controls and lack of control make it more akin to a [[B-57B]] fast jet bomber.

;''Dogfights''

With its outstanding acceleration and climb-rate the Skyshark can safely assault hostile ground forces and then decide to join the fray, by either assault climbing the closest hostile, relying on its acceleration to gain an energy advantage mid dogfight, or return to allied fighter pack to rejoin their climb. Going straight for the climb from the start will put the A2D at an immense energy advantage should the fight start.

Preferred combat styles are [[energy fighting]], due its aforementioned acceleration and climb-rate, but also [[BnZ|Boom and Zoom]] for the Skyshark is a heavy weight, note though it can easily reach its terminal velocity and loose all wings, coupled with the slow spool-up-time of the engine from low power, a provident engine and air-brake control is paramount! The G-Suit is a welcomed addition, but will often lead to ripped wings via g-forces in diving maneuvers.

Combat versus Jets differs amusingly little than versus propeller crafts. After easily gaining an altitude advantage, dive on the hostile and force it to break away (turn), hence losing speed and energy. Three things could happen now.

# the enemy jet dives - do not try follow too long, your terminal speed is lesser than most jets -> regain altitude,
# the enemy jet runs - hostile didn't lose too much speed, or assumes the A2D<nowiki>'</nowiki>s speed and acceleration to be lesser. If it is the latter -> outpace and kill it,
# the enemy jet breaks more - hostile is either trying to force an overshoot or prepares for a dogfight, either way -> engage in manoeuvre combat.

Versus propeller fighters one should engage in turnfights, otherwise the Skyshark is most dominant against most WW2 fighters. Few Rank 4 fighters can challenge the A2D on equal terms, so stay sharp.

;''Strafing''

The A2D-1 can be a very valuable asset to teams looking to win by destroying ground troops or assaulting the airfield.
However the Skyshark is so heavy weight and hence slugish that every strafing attempt is an inch away from a crash. The momentum change comes later than expected and is more akin to a medium bomber like the [[B-25J-20|B-25]]. One is not surprised the US Navy stuck with the older AD-2, as in the ground attacker role the Skyshark must play a slow game. Take time for every attack run and try to maintain a speed way above 300 km/h IAS with combat flaps. This is a very high velocity for strafing runs, however any less and the plane will not rise above the newly explosive laden ground...

===Radars===
{{main|AN/APS-19}}
The A2D-1 is equipped with an [[AN/APS-19]] search and tracking radar. The radar is mounted in nose, inside the propeller hub.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | [[AN/APS-19]] - Target Detection Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Detection Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}
! {{Annotation|Guaranteed Detection Range|The range, below which, detection of a target is practically guaranteed}}
! {{Annotation|Max Azimuth Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
! {{Annotation|Max Elevation Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}
|-
| 60,000 m (theoretical) || 7,200 m || ±67.5° || ±67.5°
|-
! colspan="4" | [[AN/APS-19]] - Target Tracking Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
|-
| 1,500 m || 150 m || ±15° || ±15°
|-
|}

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful turboprop dual engines
* Quad 20 mm cannon armament
* Possesses tracking and search Radar
* Impressive payload
* Premium bonuses
* Naval aircraft capable of carrier-landing

'''Cons:'''

* Quite sluggish
* Extremely large profile
* Time limit on radar
* Tracking Radar only works at ~ 1 km
* Extremely large profile for an attacker
* Tail of aircraft is fragile
* Extremely loud propulsion system allows for easy detection

== History ==

The Douglas A-1 Skyraider was an impressive aircraft for a piston-driven propeller-powered aircraft which survived into the jet age, being used by the United States Navy, Marine Corps and Air Force and around nine other countries over its 40-year service. Like many aircraft which were successful, they went through many iterations and variants to keep them up to date with new requirements and technology as they came about. In an age where jet aircraft were beginning to overtake propeller-driven aircraft in all aspects of military service, the Bureau of Aeronautics which was the U.S. Navy's material-support organization was looking for a suitable option for an attack aircraft which would be more fuel-efficient than the upcoming jet fighters. To meet the Navy's requirement, Douglas Aircraft looked to their AD Skyraider airframe and considered modifying it to accept a more fuel economical turboprop engine.

In the early years following the war, jet engines underwent rapid development. This attracted the interest of the US Navy, which sought to arm itself with aircraft that were superior to that of potential opponents in speed, altitude, payload, and flight range.

As it turned out, jet engines were perfect for fighter aircraft but too "voracious" for strike aircraft, as they significantly reduced their range. The best engineering solution was to introduce the turboprop engine, which was a task the Douglas company undertook.

Initially, engineers simply wanted to replace the piston engine of the Skyraider attack aircraft with a turboprop engine. However, this led nowhere and the vehicle required significant modification. In the end, the engineers settled on a prototype with Allison Т-40А-2 turboprop engines and coaxial propellers.

The first flight of the XA2D-1 prototype, called the Skyshark, took place on May 26, 1950, but engine vibration nearly destroyed the aircraft and it was forced to land after only two minutes. By December 1950, the prototype had already completed over a dozen flights. However, a routine flight on December 19, 1950, ended in tragedy. Due to issues with the engine, the vehicle and pilot crashed. Nevertheless, testing continued and, despite the many technical problems that plagued the aircraft, the army ordered 10 pre-production models of the A2D-1. However, on August 5, 1954, another accident occurred when the main gearbox failed, and the aircraft crashed a short distance outside Los Angeles. This time, the pilot managed to escape the aircraft, but the project was closed and it was decided to dismantle any existing prototypes. Apparently, this decision was influenced by the fact that in the same year for the first time Douglas got another project in the air, this later became the famous A4D Skyhawk - a new generation of jets.

''- From [[wt:en/news/6210-development-douglas-a2d-1-skyshark-wyvern-to-the-max-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=usa&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=assault&vehicle=a2d Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:A2D-1_WTWallpaper_001.jpg
File:A2D-1_WTWallpaper_002.jpg
File:A2D-1_WTWallpaper_003.jpg
File:A2D-1_WTWallpaper_004.jpg
File:A2D-1_WTWallpaper_005.jpg
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|DsUqjuBUWko|'''Is It Worth Your Money? War Thunder 1.89 A2D-1 Commentary''' - ''DEFYN''|Br0MqMHurKQ|'''Jaws With Wings - A2D-1 SkyShark - Ground Forces RB Gameplay''' - ''CyberDeath Gaming''|osh4KS9yodw|'''The Shooting Range #158''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:35 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|vhTZXYk6eao|'''Tank busters''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 1:43 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[AD-2|AD-2 ''Skyraider'']]
* [[AD-4|AD-4 ''Skyraider'']]

;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* [[Wyvern S4|Westland Wyvern S4]]
* [[P-47M-1-RE|P-47M ''Thunderbolt'']]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6210-development-douglas-a2d-1-skyshark-wyvern-to-the-max-en|[Devblog] Douglas A2D-1 Skyshark: Wyvern to the Max!]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/453543-douglas-a2d-1-skyshark/ <nowiki>[Data Sheet]</nowiki> Douglas A2D-1 Skyshark]
* [[wikipedia:Douglas_A2D_Skyshark|[Wikipedia] Douglas A2D Skyshark]]

{{AirManufacturer Douglas}}
{{USA strike aircraft}}
{{USA premium aircraft}}

J29D

2021-04-05T09:29:31Z

U110233651:

{{About
| about = gift Swedish jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = J29 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=saab_j29d
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|store=7174
|cockpit=cockpit_saab_j29d.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.93 "Shark Attack"]].

When conjuring up thoughts of fighter jets, many would initially think of a sleek, weapon-laden fast jet which would almost rival a hot-rod in the car world. When presented with the {{PAGENAME}}, most people would cock their head to the side with a puzzled look on their face. It's a good thing that fighter jets are not determined by looks alone! The {{PAGENAME}} is, for lack of a better phrase, a "wolf in sheep's clothing", initially laughed at as being the "chubby kid on the block". Once up in the air, however, it is quickly realised that this rotund little fighter is a dynamic powerhouse!
[[File:J29D_004.png|350px|thumb|left|'''{{PAGENAME}}''' in a power climb launching a [[m/49]] unguided rocket.]]
While many other nations were fixated on designing straight-wing aircraft, the Swedes were busy exploiting the knowledge of former Messerschmitt engineers in implementing swept wings onto their fighters. With this and other improvements, the {{PAGENAME}} was an attempt by the Swedish air force at creating a fast climbing bomber-interceptor armed with the deadliest fixed armament for its time. Although it was not supersonic, it could reach speeds above 1060 km/h at certain altitudes. The nose of the aircraft was bristling with four 30 mm autocannons and several types of attack rockets could be mounted beneath its wings. A lesson from WWII was that the best aircraft were the ones capable of performing several roles, and the {{PAGENAME}} is indeed capable of performing more than one role. Depending on the load-out, the {{PAGENAME}} can perform anything from interceptor missions to air superiority missions to high speed attack missions. This functionality makes the J29D extremely versatile and a valuable asset to its team in the game.

If not kept in check, the {{PAGENAME}} can quickly become the bully on the block hard-charging into the battlefield, wreaking havoc and then departing without a second thought. If two fighters are headed your way, your best bet will be to take out the {{PAGENAME}} first or it will likely nab you in the rear and send you down in flames.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===

{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

[[File:J29D_001.png|450px|thumb|right|'''{{PAGENAME}}''' removing one wing at a time on a Me 262.]]
When flying the {{PAGENAME}}, it is hoped that enemy pilots will take one look, chuckle, and not take the rotund Swedish fighter seriously, only to learn the hard way they were wrong. The {{PAGENAME}} has the speed, agility, and ordnance to be considered a powerhouse in the sky. Being outfitted with an afterburning engine, the {{PAGENAME}} can fly upwards of 1,000 km/h and climbs up to altitude at a whipping 55 metres per second. This allows the fighter to get in and out of contested areas to engage its targets of choice. This fighter was built for speed and agility and uses these characteristics to show up other aircraft which may be faster or bulkier, sidestepping their attacks and jumping back in to nab the kill. Thanks to the way the four ADEN cannons are mounted when the {{PAGENAME}} lines up a target and fires, it is almost like a 30 mm shotgun being fired off. A tight spread of 30 mm rounds heads downfield, and when impacting another aircraft, rarely is there enough left of the plane to fly.

The {{PAGENAME}} is as comfortable up at altitude as it is down at just above ground level. The fighter is a stable platform when it comes to ground attack, with good acceleration characteristics when the time comes to peel off the ground targets and manoeuvre back up to altitude with the other fighters. Being specially designed to reduce as much drag as possible, the swept-back wings help extend the breakage limits of the wings, especially when this fighter is in a dive.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,032 || 1,027 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.2 || 30.8 || 48.8 || 45.3 || rowspan="2" | 800
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,048 || 1,040 || 28.7 || 29.0 || 70.6 || 59.0
|-
|}
[[File:J29D_005.png|450px|thumb|right|'''{{PAGENAME}}''' taking on a target-bound Canberra B (I) Mk 6]]
==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 520 || 520 || 320 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 650 || < 640 || < 450 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | Empty mass || colspan="1" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Svenska Flygmotor RM2B || 1
| colspan="2" | 4,920 kg || colspan="2" | 282 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 8m fuel || 20m fuel || 28m fuel
|-
| 1,150 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning centrifugal-flow turbojet
| 5,398 kg || 6,136 kg || 6,627 kg || 7,080 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 8m fuel || 20m fuel || 28m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 2,070 kgf || 2,881 kgf
| 0.53 || 0.47 || 0.43 || 0.41
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 2,070 kgf (0 km/h) || 3,001 kgf (0 km/h)
| 0.55 || 0.49 || 0.45 || 0.42
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===

{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

;Armour

* 64 mm bulletproof canopy windscreen
* 10 mm steel plate behind pilot's seat
* 10 mm steel plate in the nose

The stout little {{PAGENAME}} is a sneaky little fighter which might be underestimated during a head-on. A 64 mm bulletproof windscreen is in place, which, since it is sloped, provides 165 mm total protection, allowing the pilot to have a greater chance of survival in a head-on. However, unless highly experienced, pilots should avoid head-ons, especially against aircraft such as the [[Super Mystere B2]] and the [[G.91 YS]] which also feature 30 mm DEFA 552 cannons. Make sure to avoid the B2 as well, as the AA.20 air-to-air guided rockets will make the {{PAGENAME}} have a hard time standing up to this aircraft.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}
{{main|Akan m/55 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 30 mm Akan m/55 cannons, nose-mounted (100 rpg = 400 total)

The {{PAGENAME}}, like many of the fighters of the time, got away from machine guns and was outfitted with harder-hitting autocannons, in this case, 30 mm ADEN cannons. The cannons are clustered around the central air-intake of the aircraft, resulting in optimal fire control as convergence is not an issue. However, the pilot must still correct for bullet drop for the 30 mm rounds. The four ADEN cannons only have 100 rounds per gun, requiring the pilot to exercise trigger control so not to waste ammunition. With these harder hitting rounds, however, only a quick burst is needed to send an aircraft down in a flaming heap.[[File:J29D_006.jpg|400px|thumb|right|'''{{PAGENAME}}''' firing off a [[m/49]] unguided rocket.]]

=== Suspended armament ===

{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}
{{main|srak m/55 Frida|psrak m/49A||srak m/51|hprak m/49}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 24 x 7,5 cm srak m/55 rockets
* 14 x 14,5 cm psrak m/49A rockets
* 14 x 15 cm srak m/51 rockets
* 4 x 18 cm hprak m/49 rockets

== Usage in battles ==


Although the J29D is a fast jet capable of reaching high speed, at the start it can be pretty slow. The J29D has the chance to fight supersonic jets at its battle rating which it can't hunt down by itself. As such, the J29D is best used in teamwork with other jets to either catch up to the enemy plane or make them do manoeuvres to bleed some speed so the J29D can catch up. If faced with subsonic jets, it can keep up with them and stay on its tail thanks to its manoeuvrability. For the daredevils, the J29D has an excellent armament of choice to do head-ons with. These load outs would be best put to use if no teammate around to help you fight the enemy. Because the J29D has slow acceleration at the start of the game, it can have a hard time intercepting enemies at first. As the battle progresses and you will have worked up speed, this task will be made much easier.

The J29D can also be used as an excellent ground attacker for more experienced players who are used to aiming unguided rockets. It has a variety of rockets, allowing you to sufficiently take out a wide variety of targets (light, medium, heavy, etc.). With most loads having more than 10 rockets, an experienced player can take out a few ground targets each spawn. Along with the rockets, the four 30 mm guns, given the proper belt choice, can inflict heavy damage upon soft and somewhat hard targets as well.

Even as an excellent fighter, the J92D has dangerous enemies, mainly high-subsonic jets like MiG-17 and anti-air missile firing jets like G.91 YS and Swift F.7.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fast and agile
* Multi-role aircraft (fighter/attacker/interceptor)
* Four nose-mounted 30 mm akan m/55 autocannons
* Accelerates well in a climb
* Combat flaps handles speeds up to 800+ km/h.

'''Cons:'''

* Loses its agility at high speeds
* Tends to be up-tiered against planes which are faster
* Bleeds through ammunition quickly - requires trigger patience
* Guns have high recoil which pulls the nose down when firing making aiming and leading harder

== History ==

[[File:J29D_002.jpg|450px|thumb|right|'''{{PAGENAME}}''' cruising the sky looking for targets.]]
=== Initial development ===
During WWII, Sweden had effectively fallen behind in the development of military aircraft. This was largely due to a severely underdeveloped aircraft engine industry in Sweden which meant that there were no high-end engines available for aircraft production. Thus Sweden was still projecting propeller-driven fighter aircraft in 1945 equivalent to fighters projected by other nations 1-3 years prior. Since it was obvious by 1945 that jet aircraft was the future the Swedish Air Force decided to immediately scrap all propeller-driven fighter projects and instead make the jump to a jet fighter. Sweden's leading aeronautical firm SAAB, who was already actively working with the Swedish Air Force on the previously mentioned propeller fighters, was tasked with projecting this new jet fighter. Several designs were looked at but by mid-1945 it was decided that a mid-high wing aircraft with a central air intake would be the best option. Due to the mid-high wing it was not possible to house the landing gear in the wings. Instead, it was decided to house the landing gear in the fuselage of the aircraft. This concept got the project name R1001, R standing for "reaktionsmotor" (reaction engine), the Swedish military term for jet engines.

The original specifications for the R1001 called for a radar rangefinder, four Bofors 20 mm akan m/45 cannons mounted in the nose with 180 rounds per gun, external fuel tanks and a top speed of 1,000 km/h. The engine was originally supposed to be an indigenous design by the company STAL but by late 1945 Sweden had gotten the green light for acquiring the new state-of-the-art de Havilland Ghost engine. There are several reasons why Sweden was allowed to buy this engine even before it was finished, but the two main factors were the economic state of Britain after the war and Sweden's good relations with the company de Havilland. The engine was however not the only thing which changed at an early stage. Originally the R1001 featured straight wings, as was common at the time. However, by pure luck Sweden was able to acquire some German WWII research papers from a Swiss source regarding swept wings on aircraft and their increased performance at high speeds. Thus it was decided to change the R1001 design to feature swept wings. The first blueprints of the R1001 featuring swept wings were finished by late 1945 and within 3 years a prototype had been constructed and was ready for flight testing. During these 3 years the design would change even further from the original concept. The radar rangefinder was dropped for unknown reasons, and the Bofors cannons were switched for Hispano designs due to delays at Bofors. By 1947 the aircraft had also received the designation J29.

=== Testing and production ===
The J29 prototype flew for the first time on the 1st of September 1948 and immediately showed incredible performance. The pilot chosen for this flight was SAAB's test pilot at the time, an Englishmen by the name Robert A. "Bob" Moore. He was a British squadron leader with previous experience flying jets and was thus suitable for the tests. The test flight lasted for half an hour and after a successful landing, Moore stated that "on the ground, it's an ugly duckling, but in the air it's a swift." Like many aircraft which pick up a nickname due to a specific feature or shape, the J29 would fairly quickly receive the nickname "Flygande Tunnan" (The Flying Barrel) or just "Tunnan" (The Barrel) for short. Initially thought of as degrading, the nickname Tunnan would not only become the official name for the aircraft but would also start the SAAB tradition of naming their combat aircraft, a tradition which persists to this day.

After correcting a few production errors the prototype would not only achieve the specified top speed of 1,000 km/h but it would even surpass it, achieving a sustainable speed of 1,060 km/h at one point. The design of the J29 showed a lot of promise for the future and talk of future variants would begin even before production had started. In fact, just a month after the prototype had taken to the air, there was talk of implementing attack-rockets and deflatable internal fuel tanks.

Production of the first J29 variant, the J29A, would commence in 1950 and deliveries to the air force would start in early 1951. It was quickly realized that the internal fuel capacity of the J29A was too limited and work began on implementing the previously discussed internal deflatable fuel tanks. This would be realized in a new version of the J29, designated [[J/A29B|J29B]], which entered production and service in 1953. The J29B's new internal fuel tanks gave it a 50% increase in fuel capacity compared to the J29A. The J29B would be followed by an unarmed reconnaissance version called the S29C which had been planned at an early stage. The S29C was to be followed by the [[J29D]], featuring increased armament and an afterburner, but due to a variety of reasons the J29D never entered production. Instead, a modified version of the J29B, called the J29E, would enter service. The E-variant featured a new dog toothed wing which increased maneuverability at high speeds. The J29E was soon followed by the [[J29F]] which was an upgrade-program for 210 J29B and E aircraft, increasing their performance and allowing them to serve throughout the 1960s.

All in all, 661 J29s would be produced for the Swedish Air Force, the largest production run by SAAB ever. The last of these would serve until the late 1970s.

=== Legacy ===
The J29 was a truly historical wonder for its time. After being stranded for the duration of the war, Sweden managed to not only catch up with modern aircraft development in a short amount of time but it was also able to lead jet fighter development in Europe for the time and arguably even into modern times. The J29 was the first swept-wing jet fighter to be mass-produced in Europe and together with the Soviet [[MiG-15]] and American [[F-86A-5|F-86]] it set the bar for how the next generation of fighter aircraft should be. It was extremely fast for its time and actually managed to take home two closed-circuit world speed records during the mid 1950s.

Besides its international legacy, the J29 was the first Swedish-designed aircraft to see combat. In September 1961, as part of the Congo-crisis, five J29Bs were stationed in the Republic of Congo to contribute to a UN peacekeeping mission (ONUC) in the region. This led to the formation of the air wing F 22 which exclusively served in Congo. F 22 was later reinforced by four more J29Bs and two S29C reconnaissance planes in 1962. F 22 would quickly take air superiority in the area which in turn lead to them primarily performing attack-missions during the conflict. No aircraft were lost during the ONUC despite large amounts of ground fire. When the ONUC was terminated in 1964, the aircraft-type had been decommissioned in Sweden and thus it was decided to only send home a select few J29s to Sweden. The majority of the F 22 J29s were blown up on the spot in Congo when the Swedish left the area.

=== J29D ===
Even before production of the [[J29A]] had started in the late 1940s, the Swedish Air Force started to discuss the use of an afterburner in the J29. While the J29 was very advanced for its time, it became clear pretty early on that it did not have the climb rate needed to effectively intercept high altitude strategic bombers. To solve this it was decided to start projecting an indigenous afterburner for the J29. Flygmotor, who was license-producing the de Havilland Ghost engine was tasked to develop an afterburning version of it. After initial calculations it was concluded that the new afterburner would increase power by ~25% and double the climb rate.

Besides introducing an afterburner there was also a lot of talk about increasing the armament of the J29. Several ideas were brought up, everything from anti-air missiles to anti-air rockets to more powerful guns. In the end it was decided that all 3 ideas would be tested. Since there were a few 30 mm aircraft guns on the international market by the start of the 1950s, it was decided to trial the new J29 with new guns first. Thus, in April 1952, a [[J29A]] from air wing F 13 was sent to the Swedish Air Force experimental bureau Försökscentralen (FC) to be fitted with mockups of 30 mm guns for flight testing. Flight testing with mockups was performed as the barrels of the new 30 mm guns were protruding out from the front of the J29 which could interfere with flight characteristics. After 4 months of successful flight trials completed, the aircraft was restored and sent back to air wing F 13.

About 2 years later, the afterburning Ghost engine was finished and it was decided to install it in the [[J/A29B|J29B]] prototype, then becoming the J29D prototype. The J29D prototype flew for the first time on the 20th of March, 1954. Initial flight trials were apparently successful, however during trestle-mount ground trials in 1954 it was found that the 30 mm guns selected for the J29D were flawed and the idea to use these was scrapped. Instead it was decided that anti-air rockets and missiles were the way to go. SAAB at this time had also projected a new wing for the J29, a so-called dog-tooth wing which improved airflow and handling. It was decided that all future J29s would feature this dog-tooth wing and thus the J29D project was scrapped. Instead, it was decided to make an afterburning J29 with the new dog-tooth wings. Unfortunately as production of the afterburning Ghost engine was not ready yet it was decided to introduce the new dog-tooth wing first in an intermediate version called the J29E, which consisted of J29Bs being modified in the factory or in the field with the new wings. The plan was to later retrofit 210 of the J29B and J29E models with dog-tooth wings and afterburning Ghost engines, turning them into J29Fs.

Luckily this was not the end for the J29D prototype, in order to test the J29F concept it was decided to modify the J29D prototype into the J29F prototype. Modifications were done by early February 1955 and the J29F prototype was approved for service in April the same year. The same year, Bofors would finalize the projected anti-air rockets which entered service on the J29B, E and F as the 75 mm [[Srak m/55 Frida|srak m/55]]. In 1956, the legacy of the J29D would end, as the J29F entered service.

===[[wt:en/news/6444-development-swedish-aircraft-in-war-thunder-saab-j29d-jet-powered-fighter-en|Devblog]]===

While Sweden traditionally imported a great deal of military tech, including in its aircraft, Swedish aeronautical engineers nevertheless developed and built combat aircraft of their own design. Like the leading world powers, in the immediate post-war years Sweden focused its research capabilities on jet-powered aircraft. Even before the outbreak of World War II, research into jet engines was already taking place in Sweden, and the war gave industry experts the opportunity to acquire priceless experience studying the progress made by other countries, Germany in particular.

At the beginning of 1945, a project to build the first jet-powered fighter was born deep in SAAB headquarters. Immediately after the end of the war, Swedes bought the license to produce turbojet engines from the British company de Havilland, and they began converting their J-21 piston-engine fighters to jet-engine fighters. With the arrival of the new Ghost engine from the Brits and promising research into swept wings, SAAB began developing a fundamentally new kind of fighter, initially planned to be fitted with a jet engine. Within a short time, the Swedish Air Force received the J29 Tunnan. Named after the Swedish word for "barrel", based on its shape.

The Tunnan was an awkward-looking machine, but one with superb flight characteristics for the time, enabled by its swept wings. Judge for yourselves: successful testing took place in 1948, followed by mass production in 1951, and by 1954 the J29B modification set the world speed record in a closed circuit. That's impressive!

== Media ==


;Images
<div><ul>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:J29D_WTWallpaper_001.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:J29D_WTWallpaper_002.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:J29D_WTWallpaper_003.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:J29D_WTWallpaper_004.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:J29D_WTWallpaper_005.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:J29D_WTWallpaper_006.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
</ul></div>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|YD22i7Y8wHg|'''Saab 29 Tunnan''' - ''jaglavaksoldier''|Xd9m6rPtN3U|'''The Shooting Range #172''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:57 discusses the Saab J29 Tunnan.|hpPYamqFsO8|'''Premium Vehicles: SAAB J-29D''' - ''War Thunder Wiki''}}
{{break}}

== See also ==


;Other variants

* [[J29A]]
* [[J/A29B]]
* [[J29F]]

;Comparable aircraft

* [[M.D.450B Ouragan]]
* [[Super Mystere B2]]
* [[Hunter F 1]]
* [[MiG-9]]
* [[MiG-15]]
* [[F-86 (Family)|F-86]]
* [[La-15]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6444-development-swedish-aircraft-in-war-thunder-saab-j29d-jet-powered-fighter-en|[Devblog] SAAB J 29D Jet Powered Fighter]]
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=224 (militaryfactory.com website) - Saab J29 Tunnan (Barrel) - Single-seat jet-powered fighter aircraft]
* [https://www.fighter-planes.com/info/j29.htm (fighter-planes.com website) - J29 Tunnan SAAB]
* [http://plasticfantastique.com/walk_arounds/walkaround-the-saab-29-tunnan/ (plasticfantastique.com websites) - Walk around the SAAB 29 Tunnan (Picture gallery)]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/468660-saab-j-29d/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Saab}}
{{Sweden jet aircraft}}
{{Sweden premium aircraft}}

J29D

2021-04-05T09:28:03Z

U110233651:

{{About
| about = gift Swedish jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = J29 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=saab_j29d
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|store=7174
|cockpit=cockpit_saab_j29d.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.93 "Shark Attack"]].

When conjuring up thoughts of fighter jets, many would initially think of a sleek, weapon-laden fast jet which would almost rival a hot-rod in the car world. When presented with the {{PAGENAME}}, most people would cock their head to the side with a puzzled look on their face. It's a good thing that fighter jets are not determined by looks alone! The {{PAGENAME}} is, for lack of a better phrase, a "wolf in sheep's clothing", initially laughed at as being the "chubby kid on the block". Once up in the air, however, it is quickly realised that this rotund little fighter is a dynamic powerhouse!
[[File:J29D_004.png|350px|thumb|left|'''{{PAGENAME}}''' in a power climb launching a [[m/49]] unguided rocket.]]
While many other nations were fixated on designing straight-wing aircraft, the Swedes were busy exploiting the knowledge of former Messerschmitt engineers in implementing swept wings onto their fighters. With this and other improvements, the {{PAGENAME}} was an attempt by the Swedish air force at creating a fast climbing bomber-interceptor armed with the deadliest fixed armament for its time. Although it was not supersonic, it could reach speeds above 1060 km/h at certain altitudes. The nose of the aircraft was bristling with four 30 mm autocannons and several types of attack rockets could be mounted beneath its wings. A lesson from WWII was that the best aircraft were the ones capable of performing several roles, and the {{PAGENAME}} is indeed capable of performing more than one role. Depending on the load-out, the {{PAGENAME}} can perform anything from interceptor missions to air superiority missions to high speed attack missions. This functionality makes the J29D extremely versatile and a valuable asset to its team in the game.

If not kept in check, the {{PAGENAME}} can quickly become the bully on the block hard-charging into the battlefield, wreaking havoc and then departing without a second thought. If two fighters are headed your way, your best bet will be to take out the {{PAGENAME}} first or it will likely nab you in the rear and send you down in flames.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===

{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

[[File:J29D_001.png|450px|thumb|right|'''{{PAGENAME}}''' removing one wing at a time on a Me 262.]]
When flying the {{PAGENAME}}, it is hoped that enemy pilots will take one look, chuckle, and not take the rotund Swedish fighter seriously, only to learn the hard way they were wrong. The {{PAGENAME}} has the speed, agility, and ordnance to be considered a powerhouse in the sky. Being outfitted with an afterburning engine, the {{PAGENAME}} can fly upwards of 1,000 km/h and climbs up to altitude at a whipping 55 metres per second. This allows the fighter to get in and out of contested areas to engage its targets of choice. This fighter was built for speed and agility and uses these characteristics to show up other aircraft which may be faster or bulkier, sidestepping their attacks and jumping back in to nab the kill. Thanks to the way the four ADEN cannons are mounted when the {{PAGENAME}} lines up a target and fires, it is almost like a 30 mm shotgun being fired off. A tight spread of 30 mm rounds heads downfield, and when impacting another aircraft, rarely is there enough left of the plane to fly.

The {{PAGENAME}} is as comfortable up at altitude as it is down at just above ground level. The fighter is a stable platform when it comes to ground attack, with good acceleration characteristics when the time comes to peel off the ground targets and manoeuvre back up to altitude with the other fighters. Being specially designed to reduce as much drag as possible, the swept-back wings help extend the breakage limits of the wings, especially when this fighter is in a dive.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,032 || 1,027 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.2 || 30.8 || 48.8 || 45.3 || rowspan="2" | 800
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,048 || 1,040 || 28.7 || 29.0 || 70.6 || 59.0
|-
|}
[[File:J29D_005.png|450px|thumb|right|'''{{PAGENAME}}''' taking on a target-bound Canberra B (I) Mk 6]]
==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 520 || 520 || 320 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 650 || < 640 || < 450 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | Empty mass || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Svenska Flygmotor RM2B || 0
| colspan="2" | 4,920 kg || colspan="2" | 282 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 8m fuel || 20m fuel || 28m fuel
|-
| 1,150 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning centrifugal-flow turbojet
| 5,398 kg || 6,136 kg || 6,627 kg || 7,080 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 8m fuel || 20m fuel || 28m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 2,070 kgf || 2,881 kgf
| 0.53 || 0.47 || 0.43 || 0.41
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 2,070 kgf (0 km/h) || 3,001 kgf (0 km/h)
| 0.55 || 0.49 || 0.45 || 0.42
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===

{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

;Armour

* 64 mm bulletproof canopy windscreen
* 10 mm steel plate behind pilot's seat
* 10 mm steel plate in the nose

The stout little {{PAGENAME}} is a sneaky little fighter which might be underestimated during a head-on. A 64 mm bulletproof windscreen is in place, which, since it is sloped, provides 165 mm total protection, allowing the pilot to have a greater chance of survival in a head-on. However, unless highly experienced, pilots should avoid head-ons, especially against aircraft such as the [[Super Mystere B2]] and the [[G.91 YS]] which also feature 30 mm DEFA 552 cannons. Make sure to avoid the B2 as well, as the AA.20 air-to-air guided rockets will make the {{PAGENAME}} have a hard time standing up to this aircraft.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}
{{main|Akan m/55 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 30 mm Akan m/55 cannons, nose-mounted (100 rpg = 400 total)

The {{PAGENAME}}, like many of the fighters of the time, got away from machine guns and was outfitted with harder-hitting autocannons, in this case, 30 mm ADEN cannons. The cannons are clustered around the central air-intake of the aircraft, resulting in optimal fire control as convergence is not an issue. However, the pilot must still correct for bullet drop for the 30 mm rounds. The four ADEN cannons only have 100 rounds per gun, requiring the pilot to exercise trigger control so not to waste ammunition. With these harder hitting rounds, however, only a quick burst is needed to send an aircraft down in a flaming heap.[[File:J29D_006.jpg|400px|thumb|right|'''{{PAGENAME}}''' firing off a [[m/49]] unguided rocket.]]

=== Suspended armament ===

{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}
{{main|srak m/55 Frida|psrak m/49A||srak m/51|hprak m/49}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 24 x 7,5 cm srak m/55 rockets
* 14 x 14,5 cm psrak m/49A rockets
* 14 x 15 cm srak m/51 rockets
* 4 x 18 cm hprak m/49 rockets

== Usage in battles ==


Although the J29D is a fast jet capable of reaching high speed, at the start it can be pretty slow. The J29D has the chance to fight supersonic jets at its battle rating which it can't hunt down by itself. As such, the J29D is best used in teamwork with other jets to either catch up to the enemy plane or make them do manoeuvres to bleed some speed so the J29D can catch up. If faced with subsonic jets, it can keep up with them and stay on its tail thanks to its manoeuvrability. For the daredevils, the J29D has an excellent armament of choice to do head-ons with. These load outs would be best put to use if no teammate around to help you fight the enemy. Because the J29D has slow acceleration at the start of the game, it can have a hard time intercepting enemies at first. As the battle progresses and you will have worked up speed, this task will be made much easier.

The J29D can also be used as an excellent ground attacker for more experienced players who are used to aiming unguided rockets. It has a variety of rockets, allowing you to sufficiently take out a wide variety of targets (light, medium, heavy, etc.). With most loads having more than 10 rockets, an experienced player can take out a few ground targets each spawn. Along with the rockets, the four 30 mm guns, given the proper belt choice, can inflict heavy damage upon soft and somewhat hard targets as well.

Even as an excellent fighter, the J92D has dangerous enemies, mainly high-subsonic jets like MiG-17 and anti-air missile firing jets like G.91 YS and Swift F.7.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fast and agile
* Multi-role aircraft (fighter/attacker/interceptor)
* Four nose-mounted 30 mm akan m/55 autocannons
* Accelerates well in a climb
* Combat flaps handles speeds up to 800+ km/h.

'''Cons:'''

* Loses its agility at high speeds
* Tends to be up-tiered against planes which are faster
* Bleeds through ammunition quickly - requires trigger patience
* Guns have high recoil which pulls the nose down when firing making aiming and leading harder

== History ==

[[File:J29D_002.jpg|450px|thumb|right|'''{{PAGENAME}}''' cruising the sky looking for targets.]]
=== Initial development ===
During WWII, Sweden had effectively fallen behind in the development of military aircraft. This was largely due to a severely underdeveloped aircraft engine industry in Sweden which meant that there were no high-end engines available for aircraft production. Thus Sweden was still projecting propeller-driven fighter aircraft in 1945 equivalent to fighters projected by other nations 1-3 years prior. Since it was obvious by 1945 that jet aircraft was the future the Swedish Air Force decided to immediately scrap all propeller-driven fighter projects and instead make the jump to a jet fighter. Sweden's leading aeronautical firm SAAB, who was already actively working with the Swedish Air Force on the previously mentioned propeller fighters, was tasked with projecting this new jet fighter. Several designs were looked at but by mid-1945 it was decided that a mid-high wing aircraft with a central air intake would be the best option. Due to the mid-high wing it was not possible to house the landing gear in the wings. Instead, it was decided to house the landing gear in the fuselage of the aircraft. This concept got the project name R1001, R standing for "reaktionsmotor" (reaction engine), the Swedish military term for jet engines.

The original specifications for the R1001 called for a radar rangefinder, four Bofors 20 mm akan m/45 cannons mounted in the nose with 180 rounds per gun, external fuel tanks and a top speed of 1,000 km/h. The engine was originally supposed to be an indigenous design by the company STAL but by late 1945 Sweden had gotten the green light for acquiring the new state-of-the-art de Havilland Ghost engine. There are several reasons why Sweden was allowed to buy this engine even before it was finished, but the two main factors were the economic state of Britain after the war and Sweden's good relations with the company de Havilland. The engine was however not the only thing which changed at an early stage. Originally the R1001 featured straight wings, as was common at the time. However, by pure luck Sweden was able to acquire some German WWII research papers from a Swiss source regarding swept wings on aircraft and their increased performance at high speeds. Thus it was decided to change the R1001 design to feature swept wings. The first blueprints of the R1001 featuring swept wings were finished by late 1945 and within 3 years a prototype had been constructed and was ready for flight testing. During these 3 years the design would change even further from the original concept. The radar rangefinder was dropped for unknown reasons, and the Bofors cannons were switched for Hispano designs due to delays at Bofors. By 1947 the aircraft had also received the designation J29.

=== Testing and production ===
The J29 prototype flew for the first time on the 1st of September 1948 and immediately showed incredible performance. The pilot chosen for this flight was SAAB's test pilot at the time, an Englishmen by the name Robert A. "Bob" Moore. He was a British squadron leader with previous experience flying jets and was thus suitable for the tests. The test flight lasted for half an hour and after a successful landing, Moore stated that "on the ground, it's an ugly duckling, but in the air it's a swift." Like many aircraft which pick up a nickname due to a specific feature or shape, the J29 would fairly quickly receive the nickname "Flygande Tunnan" (The Flying Barrel) or just "Tunnan" (The Barrel) for short. Initially thought of as degrading, the nickname Tunnan would not only become the official name for the aircraft but would also start the SAAB tradition of naming their combat aircraft, a tradition which persists to this day.

After correcting a few production errors the prototype would not only achieve the specified top speed of 1,000 km/h but it would even surpass it, achieving a sustainable speed of 1,060 km/h at one point. The design of the J29 showed a lot of promise for the future and talk of future variants would begin even before production had started. In fact, just a month after the prototype had taken to the air, there was talk of implementing attack-rockets and deflatable internal fuel tanks.

Production of the first J29 variant, the J29A, would commence in 1950 and deliveries to the air force would start in early 1951. It was quickly realized that the internal fuel capacity of the J29A was too limited and work began on implementing the previously discussed internal deflatable fuel tanks. This would be realized in a new version of the J29, designated [[J/A29B|J29B]], which entered production and service in 1953. The J29B's new internal fuel tanks gave it a 50% increase in fuel capacity compared to the J29A. The J29B would be followed by an unarmed reconnaissance version called the S29C which had been planned at an early stage. The S29C was to be followed by the [[J29D]], featuring increased armament and an afterburner, but due to a variety of reasons the J29D never entered production. Instead, a modified version of the J29B, called the J29E, would enter service. The E-variant featured a new dog toothed wing which increased maneuverability at high speeds. The J29E was soon followed by the [[J29F]] which was an upgrade-program for 210 J29B and E aircraft, increasing their performance and allowing them to serve throughout the 1960s.

All in all, 661 J29s would be produced for the Swedish Air Force, the largest production run by SAAB ever. The last of these would serve until the late 1970s.

=== Legacy ===
The J29 was a truly historical wonder for its time. After being stranded for the duration of the war, Sweden managed to not only catch up with modern aircraft development in a short amount of time but it was also able to lead jet fighter development in Europe for the time and arguably even into modern times. The J29 was the first swept-wing jet fighter to be mass-produced in Europe and together with the Soviet [[MiG-15]] and American [[F-86A-5|F-86]] it set the bar for how the next generation of fighter aircraft should be. It was extremely fast for its time and actually managed to take home two closed-circuit world speed records during the mid 1950s.

Besides its international legacy, the J29 was the first Swedish-designed aircraft to see combat. In September 1961, as part of the Congo-crisis, five J29Bs were stationed in the Republic of Congo to contribute to a UN peacekeeping mission (ONUC) in the region. This led to the formation of the air wing F 22 which exclusively served in Congo. F 22 was later reinforced by four more J29Bs and two S29C reconnaissance planes in 1962. F 22 would quickly take air superiority in the area which in turn lead to them primarily performing attack-missions during the conflict. No aircraft were lost during the ONUC despite large amounts of ground fire. When the ONUC was terminated in 1964, the aircraft-type had been decommissioned in Sweden and thus it was decided to only send home a select few J29s to Sweden. The majority of the F 22 J29s were blown up on the spot in Congo when the Swedish left the area.

=== J29D ===
Even before production of the [[J29A]] had started in the late 1940s, the Swedish Air Force started to discuss the use of an afterburner in the J29. While the J29 was very advanced for its time, it became clear pretty early on that it did not have the climb rate needed to effectively intercept high altitude strategic bombers. To solve this it was decided to start projecting an indigenous afterburner for the J29. Flygmotor, who was license-producing the de Havilland Ghost engine was tasked to develop an afterburning version of it. After initial calculations it was concluded that the new afterburner would increase power by ~25% and double the climb rate.

Besides introducing an afterburner there was also a lot of talk about increasing the armament of the J29. Several ideas were brought up, everything from anti-air missiles to anti-air rockets to more powerful guns. In the end it was decided that all 3 ideas would be tested. Since there were a few 30 mm aircraft guns on the international market by the start of the 1950s, it was decided to trial the new J29 with new guns first. Thus, in April 1952, a [[J29A]] from air wing F 13 was sent to the Swedish Air Force experimental bureau Försökscentralen (FC) to be fitted with mockups of 30 mm guns for flight testing. Flight testing with mockups was performed as the barrels of the new 30 mm guns were protruding out from the front of the J29 which could interfere with flight characteristics. After 4 months of successful flight trials completed, the aircraft was restored and sent back to air wing F 13.

About 2 years later, the afterburning Ghost engine was finished and it was decided to install it in the [[J/A29B|J29B]] prototype, then becoming the J29D prototype. The J29D prototype flew for the first time on the 20th of March, 1954. Initial flight trials were apparently successful, however during trestle-mount ground trials in 1954 it was found that the 30 mm guns selected for the J29D were flawed and the idea to use these was scrapped. Instead it was decided that anti-air rockets and missiles were the way to go. SAAB at this time had also projected a new wing for the J29, a so-called dog-tooth wing which improved airflow and handling. It was decided that all future J29s would feature this dog-tooth wing and thus the J29D project was scrapped. Instead, it was decided to make an afterburning J29 with the new dog-tooth wings. Unfortunately as production of the afterburning Ghost engine was not ready yet it was decided to introduce the new dog-tooth wing first in an intermediate version called the J29E, which consisted of J29Bs being modified in the factory or in the field with the new wings. The plan was to later retrofit 210 of the J29B and J29E models with dog-tooth wings and afterburning Ghost engines, turning them into J29Fs.

Luckily this was not the end for the J29D prototype, in order to test the J29F concept it was decided to modify the J29D prototype into the J29F prototype. Modifications were done by early February 1955 and the J29F prototype was approved for service in April the same year. The same year, Bofors would finalize the projected anti-air rockets which entered service on the J29B, E and F as the 75 mm [[Srak m/55 Frida|srak m/55]]. In 1956, the legacy of the J29D would end, as the J29F entered service.

===[[wt:en/news/6444-development-swedish-aircraft-in-war-thunder-saab-j29d-jet-powered-fighter-en|Devblog]]===

While Sweden traditionally imported a great deal of military tech, including in its aircraft, Swedish aeronautical engineers nevertheless developed and built combat aircraft of their own design. Like the leading world powers, in the immediate post-war years Sweden focused its research capabilities on jet-powered aircraft. Even before the outbreak of World War II, research into jet engines was already taking place in Sweden, and the war gave industry experts the opportunity to acquire priceless experience studying the progress made by other countries, Germany in particular.

At the beginning of 1945, a project to build the first jet-powered fighter was born deep in SAAB headquarters. Immediately after the end of the war, Swedes bought the license to produce turbojet engines from the British company de Havilland, and they began converting their J-21 piston-engine fighters to jet-engine fighters. With the arrival of the new Ghost engine from the Brits and promising research into swept wings, SAAB began developing a fundamentally new kind of fighter, initially planned to be fitted with a jet engine. Within a short time, the Swedish Air Force received the J29 Tunnan. Named after the Swedish word for "barrel", based on its shape.

The Tunnan was an awkward-looking machine, but one with superb flight characteristics for the time, enabled by its swept wings. Judge for yourselves: successful testing took place in 1948, followed by mass production in 1951, and by 1954 the J29B modification set the world speed record in a closed circuit. That's impressive!

== Media ==


;Images
<div><ul>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:J29D_WTWallpaper_001.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:J29D_WTWallpaper_002.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:J29D_WTWallpaper_003.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:J29D_WTWallpaper_004.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:J29D_WTWallpaper_005.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:J29D_WTWallpaper_006.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
</ul></div>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|YD22i7Y8wHg|'''Saab 29 Tunnan''' - ''jaglavaksoldier''|Xd9m6rPtN3U|'''The Shooting Range #172''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:57 discusses the Saab J29 Tunnan.|hpPYamqFsO8|'''Premium Vehicles: SAAB J-29D''' - ''War Thunder Wiki''}}
{{break}}

== See also ==


;Other variants

* [[J29A]]
* [[J/A29B]]
* [[J29F]]

;Comparable aircraft

* [[M.D.450B Ouragan]]
* [[Super Mystere B2]]
* [[Hunter F 1]]
* [[MiG-9]]
* [[MiG-15]]
* [[F-86 (Family)|F-86]]
* [[La-15]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6444-development-swedish-aircraft-in-war-thunder-saab-j29d-jet-powered-fighter-en|[Devblog] SAAB J 29D Jet Powered Fighter]]
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=224 (militaryfactory.com website) - Saab J29 Tunnan (Barrel) - Single-seat jet-powered fighter aircraft]
* [https://www.fighter-planes.com/info/j29.htm (fighter-planes.com website) - J29 Tunnan SAAB]
* [http://plasticfantastique.com/walk_arounds/walkaround-the-saab-29-tunnan/ (plasticfantastique.com websites) - Walk around the SAAB 29 Tunnan (Picture gallery)]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/468660-saab-j-29d/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Saab}}
{{Sweden jet aircraft}}
{{Sweden premium aircraft}}

J29D

2021-04-05T09:26:00Z

U110233651:

{{About
| about = gift Swedish jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = J29 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=saab_j29d
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|store=7174
|cockpit=cockpit_saab_j29d.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.93 "Shark Attack"]].

When conjuring up thoughts of fighter jets, many would initially think of a sleek, weapon-laden fast jet which would almost rival a hot-rod in the car world. When presented with the {{PAGENAME}}, most people would cock their head to the side with a puzzled look on their face. It's a good thing that fighter jets are not determined by looks alone! The {{PAGENAME}} is, for lack of a better phrase, a "wolf in sheep's clothing", initially laughed at as being the "chubby kid on the block". Once up in the air, however, it is quickly realised that this rotund little fighter is a dynamic powerhouse!
[[File:J29D_004.png|350px|thumb|left|'''{{PAGENAME}}''' in a power climb launching a [[m/49]] unguided rocket.]]
While many other nations were fixated on designing straight-wing aircraft, the Swedes were busy exploiting the knowledge of former Messerschmitt engineers in implementing swept wings onto their fighters. With this and other improvements, the {{PAGENAME}} was an attempt by the Swedish air force at creating a fast climbing bomber-interceptor armed with the deadliest fixed armament for its time. Although it was not supersonic, it could reach speeds above 1060 km/h at certain altitudes. The nose of the aircraft was bristling with four 30 mm autocannons and several types of attack rockets could be mounted beneath its wings. A lesson from WWII was that the best aircraft were the ones capable of performing several roles, and the {{PAGENAME}} is indeed capable of performing more than one role. Depending on the load-out, the {{PAGENAME}} can perform anything from interceptor missions to air superiority missions to high speed attack missions. This functionality makes the J29D extremely versatile and a valuable asset to its team in the game.

If not kept in check, the {{PAGENAME}} can quickly become the bully on the block hard-charging into the battlefield, wreaking havoc and then departing without a second thought. If two fighters are headed your way, your best bet will be to take out the {{PAGENAME}} first or it will likely nab you in the rear and send you down in flames.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===

{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

[[File:J29D_001.png|450px|thumb|right|'''{{PAGENAME}}''' removing one wing at a time on a Me 262.]]
When flying the {{PAGENAME}}, it is hoped that enemy pilots will take one look, chuckle, and not take the rotund Swedish fighter seriously, only to learn the hard way they were wrong. The {{PAGENAME}} has the speed, agility, and ordnance to be considered a powerhouse in the sky. Being outfitted with an afterburning engine, the {{PAGENAME}} can fly upwards of 1,000 km/h and climbs up to altitude at a whipping 55 metres per second. This allows the fighter to get in and out of contested areas to engage its targets of choice. This fighter was built for speed and agility and uses these characteristics to show up other aircraft which may be faster or bulkier, sidestepping their attacks and jumping back in to nab the kill. Thanks to the way the four ADEN cannons are mounted when the {{PAGENAME}} lines up a target and fires, it is almost like a 30 mm shotgun being fired off. A tight spread of 30 mm rounds heads downfield, and when impacting another aircraft, rarely is there enough left of the plane to fly.

The {{PAGENAME}} is as comfortable up at altitude as it is down at just above ground level. The fighter is a stable platform when it comes to ground attack, with good acceleration characteristics when the time comes to peel off the ground targets and manoeuvre back up to altitude with the other fighters. Being specially designed to reduce as much drag as possible, the swept-back wings help extend the breakage limits of the wings, especially when this fighter is in a dive.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,032 || 1,027 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.2 || 30.8 || 48.8 || 45.3 || rowspan="2" | 800
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,048 || 1,040 || 28.7 || 29.0 || 70.6 || 59.0
|-
|}
[[File:J29D_005.png|450px|thumb|right|'''{{PAGENAME}}''' taking on a target-bound Canberra B (I) Mk 6]]
==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 520 || 520 || 320 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 650 || < 640 || < 450 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | Empty mass || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="1" | Svenska Flygmotor RM2B || 1
| colspan="2" | 4,920 kg || colspan="2" | 282 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 8m fuel || 20m fuel || 28m fuel
|-
| 1,150 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning centrifugal-flow turbojet
| 5,398 kg || 6,136 kg || 6,627 kg || 7,080 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 8m fuel || 20m fuel || 28m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 2,070 kgf || 2,881 kgf
| 0.53 || 0.47 || 0.43 || 0.41
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 2,070 kgf (0 km/h) || 3,001 kgf (0 km/h)
| 0.55 || 0.49 || 0.45 || 0.42
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===

{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

;Armour

* 64 mm bulletproof canopy windscreen
* 10 mm steel plate behind pilot's seat
* 10 mm steel plate in the nose

The stout little {{PAGENAME}} is a sneaky little fighter which might be underestimated during a head-on. A 64 mm bulletproof windscreen is in place, which, since it is sloped, provides 165 mm total protection, allowing the pilot to have a greater chance of survival in a head-on. However, unless highly experienced, pilots should avoid head-ons, especially against aircraft such as the [[Super Mystere B2]] and the [[G.91 YS]] which also feature 30 mm DEFA 552 cannons. Make sure to avoid the B2 as well, as the AA.20 air-to-air guided rockets will make the {{PAGENAME}} have a hard time standing up to this aircraft.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
== Armaments ==
=== Offensive armament ===

{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}
{{main|Akan m/55 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 30 mm Akan m/55 cannons, nose-mounted (100 rpg = 400 total)

The {{PAGENAME}}, like many of the fighters of the time, got away from machine guns and was outfitted with harder-hitting autocannons, in this case, 30 mm ADEN cannons. The cannons are clustered around the central air-intake of the aircraft, resulting in optimal fire control as convergence is not an issue. However, the pilot must still correct for bullet drop for the 30 mm rounds. The four ADEN cannons only have 100 rounds per gun, requiring the pilot to exercise trigger control so not to waste ammunition. With these harder hitting rounds, however, only a quick burst is needed to send an aircraft down in a flaming heap.[[File:J29D_006.jpg|400px|thumb|right|'''{{PAGENAME}}''' firing off a [[m/49]] unguided rocket.]]

=== Suspended armament ===

{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}
{{main|srak m/55 Frida|psrak m/49A||srak m/51|hprak m/49}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 24 x 7,5 cm srak m/55 rockets
* 14 x 14,5 cm psrak m/49A rockets
* 14 x 15 cm srak m/51 rockets
* 4 x 18 cm hprak m/49 rockets

== Usage in battles ==


Although the J29D is a fast jet capable of reaching high speed, at the start it can be pretty slow. The J29D has the chance to fight supersonic jets at its battle rating which it can't hunt down by itself. As such, the J29D is best used in teamwork with other jets to either catch up to the enemy plane or make them do manoeuvres to bleed some speed so the J29D can catch up. If faced with subsonic jets, it can keep up with them and stay on its tail thanks to its manoeuvrability. For the daredevils, the J29D has an excellent armament of choice to do head-ons with. These load outs would be best put to use if no teammate around to help you fight the enemy. Because the J29D has slow acceleration at the start of the game, it can have a hard time intercepting enemies at first. As the battle progresses and you will have worked up speed, this task will be made much easier.

The J29D can also be used as an excellent ground attacker for more experienced players who are used to aiming unguided rockets. It has a variety of rockets, allowing you to sufficiently take out a wide variety of targets (light, medium, heavy, etc.). With most loads having more than 10 rockets, an experienced player can take out a few ground targets each spawn. Along with the rockets, the four 30 mm guns, given the proper belt choice, can inflict heavy damage upon soft and somewhat hard targets as well.

Even as an excellent fighter, the J92D has dangerous enemies, mainly high-subsonic jets like MiG-17 and anti-air missile firing jets like G.91 YS and Swift F.7.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fast and agile
* Multi-role aircraft (fighter/attacker/interceptor)
* Four nose-mounted 30 mm akan m/55 autocannons
* Accelerates well in a climb
* Combat flaps handles speeds up to 800+ km/h.

'''Cons:'''

* Loses its agility at high speeds
* Tends to be up-tiered against planes which are faster
* Bleeds through ammunition quickly - requires trigger patience
* Guns have high recoil which pulls the nose down when firing making aiming and leading harder

== History ==

[[File:J29D_002.jpg|450px|thumb|right|'''{{PAGENAME}}''' cruising the sky looking for targets.]]
=== Initial development ===
During WWII, Sweden had effectively fallen behind in the development of military aircraft. This was largely due to a severely underdeveloped aircraft engine industry in Sweden which meant that there were no high-end engines available for aircraft production. Thus Sweden was still projecting propeller-driven fighter aircraft in 1945 equivalent to fighters projected by other nations 1-3 years prior. Since it was obvious by 1945 that jet aircraft was the future the Swedish Air Force decided to immediately scrap all propeller-driven fighter projects and instead make the jump to a jet fighter. Sweden's leading aeronautical firm SAAB, who was already actively working with the Swedish Air Force on the previously mentioned propeller fighters, was tasked with projecting this new jet fighter. Several designs were looked at but by mid-1945 it was decided that a mid-high wing aircraft with a central air intake would be the best option. Due to the mid-high wing it was not possible to house the landing gear in the wings. Instead, it was decided to house the landing gear in the fuselage of the aircraft. This concept got the project name R1001, R standing for "reaktionsmotor" (reaction engine), the Swedish military term for jet engines.

The original specifications for the R1001 called for a radar rangefinder, four Bofors 20 mm akan m/45 cannons mounted in the nose with 180 rounds per gun, external fuel tanks and a top speed of 1,000 km/h. The engine was originally supposed to be an indigenous design by the company STAL but by late 1945 Sweden had gotten the green light for acquiring the new state-of-the-art de Havilland Ghost engine. There are several reasons why Sweden was allowed to buy this engine even before it was finished, but the two main factors were the economic state of Britain after the war and Sweden's good relations with the company de Havilland. The engine was however not the only thing which changed at an early stage. Originally the R1001 featured straight wings, as was common at the time. However, by pure luck Sweden was able to acquire some German WWII research papers from a Swiss source regarding swept wings on aircraft and their increased performance at high speeds. Thus it was decided to change the R1001 design to feature swept wings. The first blueprints of the R1001 featuring swept wings were finished by late 1945 and within 3 years a prototype had been constructed and was ready for flight testing. During these 3 years the design would change even further from the original concept. The radar rangefinder was dropped for unknown reasons, and the Bofors cannons were switched for Hispano designs due to delays at Bofors. By 1947 the aircraft had also received the designation J29.

=== Testing and production ===
The J29 prototype flew for the first time on the 1st of September 1948 and immediately showed incredible performance. The pilot chosen for this flight was SAAB's test pilot at the time, an Englishmen by the name Robert A. "Bob" Moore. He was a British squadron leader with previous experience flying jets and was thus suitable for the tests. The test flight lasted for half an hour and after a successful landing, Moore stated that "on the ground, it's an ugly duckling, but in the air it's a swift." Like many aircraft which pick up a nickname due to a specific feature or shape, the J29 would fairly quickly receive the nickname "Flygande Tunnan" (The Flying Barrel) or just "Tunnan" (The Barrel) for short. Initially thought of as degrading, the nickname Tunnan would not only become the official name for the aircraft but would also start the SAAB tradition of naming their combat aircraft, a tradition which persists to this day.

After correcting a few production errors the prototype would not only achieve the specified top speed of 1,000 km/h but it would even surpass it, achieving a sustainable speed of 1,060 km/h at one point. The design of the J29 showed a lot of promise for the future and talk of future variants would begin even before production had started. In fact, just a month after the prototype had taken to the air, there was talk of implementing attack-rockets and deflatable internal fuel tanks.

Production of the first J29 variant, the J29A, would commence in 1950 and deliveries to the air force would start in early 1951. It was quickly realized that the internal fuel capacity of the J29A was too limited and work began on implementing the previously discussed internal deflatable fuel tanks. This would be realized in a new version of the J29, designated [[J/A29B|J29B]], which entered production and service in 1953. The J29B's new internal fuel tanks gave it a 50% increase in fuel capacity compared to the J29A. The J29B would be followed by an unarmed reconnaissance version called the S29C which had been planned at an early stage. The S29C was to be followed by the [[J29D]], featuring increased armament and an afterburner, but due to a variety of reasons the J29D never entered production. Instead, a modified version of the J29B, called the J29E, would enter service. The E-variant featured a new dog toothed wing which increased maneuverability at high speeds. The J29E was soon followed by the [[J29F]] which was an upgrade-program for 210 J29B and E aircraft, increasing their performance and allowing them to serve throughout the 1960s.

All in all, 661 J29s would be produced for the Swedish Air Force, the largest production run by SAAB ever. The last of these would serve until the late 1970s.

=== Legacy ===
The J29 was a truly historical wonder for its time. After being stranded for the duration of the war, Sweden managed to not only catch up with modern aircraft development in a short amount of time but it was also able to lead jet fighter development in Europe for the time and arguably even into modern times. The J29 was the first swept-wing jet fighter to be mass-produced in Europe and together with the Soviet [[MiG-15]] and American [[F-86A-5|F-86]] it set the bar for how the next generation of fighter aircraft should be. It was extremely fast for its time and actually managed to take home two closed-circuit world speed records during the mid 1950s.

Besides its international legacy, the J29 was the first Swedish-designed aircraft to see combat. In September 1961, as part of the Congo-crisis, five J29Bs were stationed in the Republic of Congo to contribute to a UN peacekeeping mission (ONUC) in the region. This led to the formation of the air wing F 22 which exclusively served in Congo. F 22 was later reinforced by four more J29Bs and two S29C reconnaissance planes in 1962. F 22 would quickly take air superiority in the area which in turn lead to them primarily performing attack-missions during the conflict. No aircraft were lost during the ONUC despite large amounts of ground fire. When the ONUC was terminated in 1964, the aircraft-type had been decommissioned in Sweden and thus it was decided to only send home a select few J29s to Sweden. The majority of the F 22 J29s were blown up on the spot in Congo when the Swedish left the area.

=== J29D ===
Even before production of the [[J29A]] had started in the late 1940s, the Swedish Air Force started to discuss the use of an afterburner in the J29. While the J29 was very advanced for its time, it became clear pretty early on that it did not have the climb rate needed to effectively intercept high altitude strategic bombers. To solve this it was decided to start projecting an indigenous afterburner for the J29. Flygmotor, who was license-producing the de Havilland Ghost engine was tasked to develop an afterburning version of it. After initial calculations it was concluded that the new afterburner would increase power by ~25% and double the climb rate.

Besides introducing an afterburner there was also a lot of talk about increasing the armament of the J29. Several ideas were brought up, everything from anti-air missiles to anti-air rockets to more powerful guns. In the end it was decided that all 3 ideas would be tested. Since there were a few 30 mm aircraft guns on the international market by the start of the 1950s, it was decided to trial the new J29 with new guns first. Thus, in April 1952, a [[J29A]] from air wing F 13 was sent to the Swedish Air Force experimental bureau Försökscentralen (FC) to be fitted with mockups of 30 mm guns for flight testing. Flight testing with mockups was performed as the barrels of the new 30 mm guns were protruding out from the front of the J29 which could interfere with flight characteristics. After 4 months of successful flight trials completed, the aircraft was restored and sent back to air wing F 13.

About 2 years later, the afterburning Ghost engine was finished and it was decided to install it in the [[J/A29B|J29B]] prototype, then becoming the J29D prototype. The J29D prototype flew for the first time on the 20th of March, 1954. Initial flight trials were apparently successful, however during trestle-mount ground trials in 1954 it was found that the 30 mm guns selected for the J29D were flawed and the idea to use these was scrapped. Instead it was decided that anti-air rockets and missiles were the way to go. SAAB at this time had also projected a new wing for the J29, a so-called dog-tooth wing which improved airflow and handling. It was decided that all future J29s would feature this dog-tooth wing and thus the J29D project was scrapped. Instead, it was decided to make an afterburning J29 with the new dog-tooth wings. Unfortunately as production of the afterburning Ghost engine was not ready yet it was decided to introduce the new dog-tooth wing first in an intermediate version called the J29E, which consisted of J29Bs being modified in the factory or in the field with the new wings. The plan was to later retrofit 210 of the J29B and J29E models with dog-tooth wings and afterburning Ghost engines, turning them into J29Fs.

Luckily this was not the end for the J29D prototype, in order to test the J29F concept it was decided to modify the J29D prototype into the J29F prototype. Modifications were done by early February 1955 and the J29F prototype was approved for service in April the same year. The same year, Bofors would finalize the projected anti-air rockets which entered service on the J29B, E and F as the 75 mm [[Srak m/55 Frida|srak m/55]]. In 1956, the legacy of the J29D would end, as the J29F entered service.

===[[wt:en/news/6444-development-swedish-aircraft-in-war-thunder-saab-j29d-jet-powered-fighter-en|Devblog]]===

While Sweden traditionally imported a great deal of military tech, including in its aircraft, Swedish aeronautical engineers nevertheless developed and built combat aircraft of their own design. Like the leading world powers, in the immediate post-war years Sweden focused its research capabilities on jet-powered aircraft. Even before the outbreak of World War II, research into jet engines was already taking place in Sweden, and the war gave industry experts the opportunity to acquire priceless experience studying the progress made by other countries, Germany in particular.

At the beginning of 1945, a project to build the first jet-powered fighter was born deep in SAAB headquarters. Immediately after the end of the war, Swedes bought the license to produce turbojet engines from the British company de Havilland, and they began converting their J-21 piston-engine fighters to jet-engine fighters. With the arrival of the new Ghost engine from the Brits and promising research into swept wings, SAAB began developing a fundamentally new kind of fighter, initially planned to be fitted with a jet engine. Within a short time, the Swedish Air Force received the J29 Tunnan. Named after the Swedish word for "barrel", based on its shape.

The Tunnan was an awkward-looking machine, but one with superb flight characteristics for the time, enabled by its swept wings. Judge for yourselves: successful testing took place in 1948, followed by mass production in 1951, and by 1954 the J29B modification set the world speed record in a closed circuit. That's impressive!

== Media ==


;Images
<div><ul>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:J29D_WTWallpaper_001.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:J29D_WTWallpaper_002.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:J29D_WTWallpaper_003.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:J29D_WTWallpaper_004.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:J29D_WTWallpaper_005.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:J29D_WTWallpaper_006.jpg|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
</ul></div>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|YD22i7Y8wHg|'''Saab 29 Tunnan''' - ''jaglavaksoldier''|Xd9m6rPtN3U|'''The Shooting Range #172''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:57 discusses the Saab J29 Tunnan.|hpPYamqFsO8|'''Premium Vehicles: SAAB J-29D''' - ''War Thunder Wiki''}}
{{break}}

== See also ==


;Other variants

* [[J29A]]
* [[J/A29B]]
* [[J29F]]

;Comparable aircraft

* [[M.D.450B Ouragan]]
* [[Super Mystere B2]]
* [[Hunter F 1]]
* [[MiG-9]]
* [[MiG-15]]
* [[F-86 (Family)|F-86]]
* [[La-15]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6444-development-swedish-aircraft-in-war-thunder-saab-j29d-jet-powered-fighter-en|[Devblog] SAAB J 29D Jet Powered Fighter]]
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=224 (militaryfactory.com website) - Saab J29 Tunnan (Barrel) - Single-seat jet-powered fighter aircraft]
* [https://www.fighter-planes.com/info/j29.htm (fighter-planes.com website) - J29 Tunnan SAAB]
* [http://plasticfantastique.com/walk_arounds/walkaround-the-saab-29-tunnan/ (plasticfantastique.com websites) - Walk around the SAAB 29 Tunnan (Picture gallery)]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/468660-saab-j-29d/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Saab}}
{{Sweden jet aircraft}}
{{Sweden premium aircraft}}