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M163

2021-12-13T23:59:25Z

U109777898: /* Main armament */ GOOD FOR ANTI AIR

{{About
| about = American SPAA '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = M113 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=us_m163_vulcan
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American self-propelled anti-aircraft gun {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.63 "Desert Hunters"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

Armour is not on the operator's side in the M163, as it is thin enough to be destroyed by 12.7 mm machine guns from the sides and rear, and any cannon-sized armament from the front. The turret is partially open, leaving the crew vulnerable to enemy light arms fire. If attacked, the best bet for taking a hit and surviving is to point the engine towards the enemy and hope it absorbs the shot.

'''Armor Composition'''

* Aluminum Alloy 5083 - Main, Additional
* Structural Steel - Front and Rear Fenders
* Rubber-Fabric Screens - Fenders/Sideskirts
* Gun Steel - Launcher

{| class="wikitable"
!Armour
!Front (Slope angle)
!Sides
!Rear
!Roof
|-
|Hull
|38 mm (45'''°''') ''Upper Glacis''
38 mm (26'''°''') ''Lower Glacis''

29 mm (45'''°''') ''Engine Maintenance Hatch''
|44 mm ''Upper''
32 mm ''Lower''
|38 mm
|38 mm
|-
|Turret
|0-17 mm ''Turret Front''
150 mm ''Gun Mantlet''
|17 mm
|17 mm
|0 mm
|-
|Additional Armor
|6 mm ''Upper Glacis''
|6 mm ''Upper''
|N/A
|N/A
|}
'''Note:''' The additional armor does not fully cover the plate it is mounted to.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=301|rbMinHp=188}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M168 (20 mm)}}

The M163 is equipped with a 30 mm M168 VADS, or Vulcan air defence system. The M168 is a variant of the [[M61 (20 mm)|M61]] cannon, which can be found in-game on vehicles such as the Japanese [[T-2]], and the American [[F-4C Phantom II]]. Used initially during the Vietnam war, the M168 was a 30 mm air-cooled rotary cannon attached to a small turret on the M163. Dangerous to anything in the sky, it will lock on and rip through anything in its path.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[M168 (20 mm)|20 mm M168]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 2,200 (1,100) || rowspan="2" | 3,000 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+80° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 66.05 || 91.41 || 111.00 ||122.80|| 130.59 || rowspan="2" | 26.00 || rowspan="2" | 23.00 || rowspan="2" |21.20|| rowspan="2" | 20.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 44.63 || 52.50 || 63.75 ||70.50|| 75.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
* '''HEI-T:''' {{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
* '''AP-I:''' {{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer}}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="7" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| Default || 53 || 50 || 39 || 28 || 20 || 14
|-
| HEI-T || 53 || 50 || 39 || 28 || 20 || 14
|-
| AP-I || 53 || 50 || 39 || 28 || 20 || 14
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''2 belts''' || 1 ''(+1)'' || 0 ''(+2)'' || No
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The M163 has an amazing rate of fire with the M168 gun, thus it has amazing damage output. In an anti-aircraft role, it is best used as a point-defence SPAA, defending a group of allies/cap zone from air attack. Its range isn't as good as the [[M247]], so it's best to keep in mind the approximate 1 km targeting zone of the M163.

The M163 wields about 60 mm of penetration, which is enough to mortally wound/destroy many Axis-country's vehicles such as the [[Leopard I|Leopard]], [[AUBL/74|AUBL]], and [[Centauro]].

The high rate of fire also allows the M163 a sort of CIWS (Close-In Weapon System) type of role, as it can easily spray in the direction of an incoming bomb, thus destroying it and saving nearby allies. This is especially easy against the infamous FAB-5000 bomb from the Russian [[Pe-8]], as the bomb is large and easy to track.

[[File:CIWS M163.jpg|thumb|An M163 firing at a FAB-5000, right before the bomb is hit and destroyed.]]

===Radars===
{{main|AN/VPS-2}}
The M163 is equipped with an [[AN/VPS-2]] tracking radar, with no search radar. The radar is fitted to the side of the turret.
{{Notice|In order to lock on you must be looking through your sight, position the crosshair over a target (within 7 km) and press the lock on key. The target must be within a 2° cone from the centre of the crosshair.}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="5" | [[AN/VPS-2]] - Tracking Radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum target speed|The minimum speed a target must be moving, relative to the radar, in order to be tracked by the radar}}
|-
| 7,000 m || 100 m || 360° || -20°/+85° (lock between -20°/+20°) || 15 m/s (54 km/h)
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Amphibious
* Quick acceleration
* Good traverse, especially when fully upgraded
* Insane rate of fire of 3,000 rpm; can literally shred incoming enemy aircraft, AP rounds are dangerous against lightly armoured vehicles
* Has a tracking radar
* Can double as a CIWS (close-in weapon system): it can shred bombs, rockets and incoming missiles as a last resort defence

'''Cons:'''

* Light armour
* Top speed of 32 km/h off-road when stock
* Not keen to climbing hills until performance modules are equipped
* Relatively slow for the rank
* Slow in water
* Inaccurate/wobbly in water
* One of the longest rearm/reload times in the game
* No search radar
* Effective range is not good for a rank V SPAA
* Inaccurate while approaching far targets
* The M113 chassis has low mobility due to a low hp/ton ratio

== History ==


The M163 VADS (Vulcan Air Defense System) was a self-propelled anti-aircraft gun (SPAAG) based on the chassis of the M113 armored personnel carrier (APC). It was nearly unmodified from the base M113, and featured the same armor scheme, rear loading ramp, and the General Motors 6V53 series 6-cylinder 2-cycle diesel engine (212 hp). An open-topped turret was fitted to the center of the roof of the vehicle, and an M61 Vulcan 20mm rotary cannon was mounted in the turret. The gun could fire at 3,000 rpm or 1,000 rpm, and the elevation was from -5° to +80°. The M163 was operated by a crew of four, and there was a wide variety of ammunition for the main gun. A tracking radar was fitted to the turret to improve the chances of destroying an enemy aircraft, but the anti-aircraft ability of the M163 was limited and it was only useful against low-flying aircraft within 5 kilometers, and the chances of destroying the aircraft were best within 1 kilometer.

The M163 entered service with the United States Army in 1969, but at least six vehicles were sent to the Vietnam War before the type had entered service. The vehicles sent to South Vietnam were not fitted with the tracking radar, and they were used mostly in an infantry support role. The M163 was later upgraded to the M163A1 and A2 standards. The M163A1 had an improved gun mount, and the M163A2 featured the improved M113A2 powerplant. The M163 PIVADS (Product Improved Vulcan Air Defense System) upgrade was introduced in 1984. The PIVADS upgrade featured improved radar and accuracy of the gun, and it also introduced armor-piercing capabilities with an APDS round. Over time, the M163 began to be used more in an infantry support role, as surface-to-air missile (SAM) systems became more common. It notably served during the First Gulf War. The M163 was retired from US Army service in 1993.

The M163 was also used by a number of other nations. These include Albania, Chile, Ecuador, Egypt, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Morocco, Portugal, South Korea, Thailand, and Tunisia. The Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) upgraded a number of M163 vehicles with a launcher for 4 x FIM-92 Stinger SAMs, and these were called the Machbet. The IDF also upgraded their vehicles with improved electronics. The M163 is still in service with a number of the nations listed above.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=usa&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=spaa&vehicle=us_m163_vulcan Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|SJoW-2_6J6o|'''Amphibious tanks''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 1:43 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|NSzDEfmszVM|'''{{PAGENAME}} Tank Review''' - ''NUSensei''|vtCKzvbLfNg|'''The Shooting Range #18''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:45 discusses the M163.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:M163_VADS|[Wikipedia] M163 VADS]]
* [https://weaponsystems.net/weaponsystem/EE03%20-%20M163%20Vulcan.html [Weapon Systems<nowiki>]</nowiki> M163 Vulcan]

=== Bibliography ===

* M163 VADS. (2020, 13 June). In ''Wikipedia''. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=M163_VADS&oldid=962270535
* M163 Vulcan Air Defense System (VADS). (2019, July 2). Military Factory. Retrieved July 15, 2020, from https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=141.

{{USA anti-aircraft vehicles}}

BMP-2M

2021-12-13T23:47:16Z

U109777898: /* Description */ bmp with 20 mm mini Vulcan this is also for fun so please do not ban me

{{About
| about = squadron Soviet light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = BMP (Disambiguation)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_bmp_2m
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|BMP-2M WebsiteImage 1.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a squadron rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet light tank (infantry fighting vehicle) {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Starfighters"]]. The BMP-2M is a light, mobile yet lethal light tank. Although its survivability and armour are not remarkable, its armament and utility are unmatched at its battle rating.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The vehicle's playstyle is relatively similar to the [[BMP-2]]'s. The fast turret traverse speed, wide field of view, and thermals for the optics combined with a fast-firing 2A42 autocannon and four 9M133 ATGMs makes it an excellent close range combat IFV and good front line scout at open fields. Armour on this vehicle can only protect the crew from 7.62 mm fire at all angles and sometimes 12.7 mm or even 20 mm when being shot from the front. The BMP-2M is prone to hull-break, but sometimes AP rounds such as APFSDS can penetrate the vehicle without significant damage due to its large empty space inside. The hull-break mechanics will mean that even a poorly placed shot may immediately destroy the vehicle. Overall, survivability is poor, and the BMP-2M should use its manoeuvrability to flank opponents and strike before the enemy can locate you and return fire.

'''Armour type:'''

*High hardness rolled armour (hull and turret)
*Alloy ABT-101 (engine deck)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Armour!!Front (Slope angle)!!Sides!!Rear!!Roof
|-
|Hull||12 mm (81°)||13 mm ''Top''
15 mm ''Bottom''
|16 mm ''Doors''
13 mm ''Door frame''
|5 mm
12 mm ''Engine deck''
|-
|Turret||20 mm ''Turret front''
25 mm ''Gun mantlet''
|12 - 16 mm||10 mm||6 mm
|-
|}

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=558|rbMinHp=318}}

With 60 extra horsepower, the BMP-2M has excellent mobility compared to the BMP-2. The acceleration of the BMP-2M in off road conditions is excellent, and it is able to keep up with top tier MBTs like the [[T-80U]], [[M1A2 Abrams]] and [[Leopard 2A5]]. The reverse speed however is still -10 km/h and it still has no neutral steering. Its amphibious capabilities can be useful to cross deep water sections to reach places normally unreachable for other vehicles.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

For module research, the following order is recommended:

* Parts, then FPE to increase the durability
* 9M133FM-3 and NVD
* 30 mm APDS, Laser rangefinder and Filters
* Pick the next modules you wish to research depending on your needs

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|2A42 (30 mm)}}

As this tank has a similar playstyle to its 8.3 counterpart, the [[BMP-2]], the main armament of the Shipunov 20 mm Mini Vulcan autocannon is a very versatile weapon, considering its vertical guidance, traverse speed, and large selection of ammo belts.

It is not recommended to engage in long-term combat without ATGMs using only the autocannon with any tank heavier than a light tank or an Anti-Tank Missile Carrier unless using the APDS ammo selection. If not using APDS, for heavier tanks it is recommended to cripple it by shooting its tracks and the main armament.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[2A42 (30 mm)|30 mm 2A42]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 500 (250) || rowspan="2" | 550 || rowspan="2" | -4°/+74° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 57.1 || 79.1 || 96.0 || 106.2 || 112.9 || rowspan="2" | 1.30 || rowspan="2" | 1.15 || rowspan="2" | 1.06 || rowspan="2" | 1.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 35.7 || 42.0 || 51.0 || 56.4 || 60.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary (self-destroying)}}
* '''30 mm HE:''' {{Annotation|HEF-I*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-T*|High-explosive fragmentation tracer (self-destroying)}}
* '''30 mm APT:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-T*|High-explosive fragmentation tracer (self-destroying)}}
* '''30 mm APDS:''' {{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-T*|High-explosive fragmentation tracer (self-destroying)}}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="7" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| Default || 65 || 63 || 54 || 44 || 36 || 30
|-
| 30 mm HE || 65 || 63 || 54 || 44 || 36 || 30
|-
| 30 mm APT || 65 || 63 || 54 || 44 || 36 || 30
|-
| 30 mm APDS || 82 || 81 || 79 || 75 || 72 || 69
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''2''' || 0 ''(+2)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|AG-30 (30 mm)}}

{{Notice|It is recommended to fire the main and additional armaments separately, using separate keybinds for "Fire from secondary guns" and "Fire from the main calibre gun" or by setting keybinds to select the different weapon groups, as this 30 mm grenade launcher has a very different shell trajectory to the main 30 mm autocannon.}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[AG-30 (30 mm)|30 mm AG-30]] || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
| 300 (300) || 400 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 1.8 || 1.8 || 1.8 || 1.8
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| VOG-30 || VOG* || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| VOG-30 || VOG* || 185 || 0.28 || 0 || 0.1 || 55.44 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''1''' || 0 ''(+1)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|9M133}}

Unlike the BMP-2 which only has one ATGM launcher and takes some time to reload, the ATGMs on the BMP-2M are arranged in 4 slots, 2 on either side of the tank. If all 4 are expended, an extra 4 will be able to reload if chosen in the battle start up.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[9M133]] missile || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Capacity (Belt) !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
| 8 (4) || -5°/+10° || N/A || N/A || 26.00 || 23.00 || 21.20 || 20.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| 9M133 || ATGM (tandem) || 1,200 || 1,200 || 1,200 || 1,200 || 1,200 || 1,200
|-
| 9M133FM-3 || ATGM-VT || 61 || 61 || 61 || 61 || 61 || 61
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Range (m)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 9M133 || ATGM (tandem) || 300 || 5,500 || 26 || 0.4 || 0.01 || 6,160 || 80° || 82° || 90°
|-
| 9M133FM-3 || ATGM-VT || 320 || 10,000 || 28 || 0.2 || 0.01 || 9,240 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}_secondary.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''2''' || 1 ''(+1)'' || 0 ''(+2)'' || No
|-
|}

* Racks are modeled as 2 loadouts of 4 missiles
* Missiles are fired from A to D (see picture).

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|4}}

{{main|PKT (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[PKT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm PKT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 2,000 (250) || 700 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


During the stock grind, the vehicle is best played as a scout, as the stock ammo with the exception of the ATGMs is poor. Once it is spaded, the vehicle is basically a complete lineup in itself. It can play the part of a light tank, with excellent manoeuvrability, the ability to scout and repair, and the fast-firing autocannon to flank and destroy light to medium armoured targets.
Along with its scout capability to mark enemy armoured targets for allies or eliminate them with its ATGMs. If played cautiously, it can be played as a true IFV, supporting MBTs in close-quarters battle (CQB).

However, when playing close-quarter battle this, it is a support vehicle, and should not engage in frontal brawls with MBTs, as it will quickly be destroyed, due to it's thin armour. It can be played at long range, using its scouting ability and ATGMs to knock out targets at long ranges.
While not its purpose, the BMP-2M can also be played as a last resort SPAA with its fast firing 30 mm autocannon and proximity fuse ATGMs in case there is no dedicated vehicle to perform this role.

===Combat tactics===

Avoid frontal confrontation with enemies of any kind, due to the very thin armour and hull-break in combination with the high density of ammunition and crew. Any weapon of calibre .50 cal or larger will absolutely shred the BMP-2M to pieces. The vehicle can be played in different roles:

'''Long-range engagement:''' it can use its scouting ability and ATGMs to mark and track targets at long distance. Unlike the BMP-2, this improved variant carries an ATGM with a tandem shaped warhead. This weapon can easily deal with any armour found at its battle rating and even above it. Furthermore, 4 out of the total 8 missiles can be simultaneously fired and controlled at any given time, allowing to engage multiple targets standing close by launching each missile in quick succession before the initial one impacted. This is only further reinforced through the ability to fire on the move at any speed, unlike almost all other ATGM carrying systems. Even in the case that only one missile is left, a 6-second reload will help a quick re-engagement. Be aware that your ATGMs have a lower velocity than the common APFSDS and HEAT-FS round that your enemies will fire: if you and your enemy fire at the same time, you will most likely be killed first. Once the laser rangefinder is unlocked, one can use APDS rounds at range as it can easily pen the side and roofs of most enemies it will face, and the high volume of rounds will quickly disable if not destroy the target.

'''Support and repair:''' this style of gameplay is most useful in close quarters environments especially when the vehicle is stock, making use of the autocannon, seeking out flanks and assisting with fast repairs. Good communication about targets is possible through the scouting feature. Adding to the support role is the 9M133FM-3 missile equipped with a HE warhead and proximity most effective against helicopters in particular.

'''Flanking:''' the main features of this strategy are the BMP-2's mobility and the 30 mm APDS belt which easily punches through the sides of any vehicle at its BR. The main focus is on targeting crew members and modules, as the post penetration damage is very localized. Basic knowledge about crew positions is most useful to get the most out of the rather short APDS belt (160 shells).

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 2A42 autocannon can punch through most vehicles at its battle rating from the back, side and sometimes front
* Fast turret traverse speed
* Gen-2 thermal optics for the gunner, wide field of view and 2.5 to 12 times zoom for gun sight, suitable for combat at any range
* 1,200 mm penetration power for the standard 9M133 missile; can fire and guide all four missiles simultaneously while on the move
* Can equip 9M133FM-3 HE missiles with proximity fuses, useful for SPAA purposes
* Amphibious ability can be useful for crossing the water to areas hard-to-reach for other vehicles
* Very cheap repair cost means easy Silver Lions profit from combat
* Roof-mounted grenade launcher can clear obstacles that typically machine guns can not
* Relatively easy stock grind
* Can be played as a light tank, long range tank, CQB support vehicle, or SPAA

'''Cons:'''

* Missiles mounted on the turret has a chance to explode from shrapnel if too close to any form of explosion
* Chassis can only protect the crew from 7.62 mm and with limited 12.7 mm or bigger calibre ammunition protection from the front
* No neutral steering, and a slow reverse speed of -10 km/h
* While driving, thermal optics vision to the left of the chassis at 30 to 50 degrees are obscured from the engine exhaust gas
* Grenade launcher has only 6 mm of pen and generally can't destroy opponents, instead being used against obstacles and clearing ERA at close range, sometimes damaging tracks or exposed ammo racks (eg ATGMs) at very close range
* ATGMs require discipline to use, as the urge to fire all four of them on contact is near irresistible. While firing all four ATGM ensures that the target tank is absolutely annihilated, it is a waste of ammunition if operator does not redirect remaining missiles away from already destroyed tank towards next target

== History ==

In 2017, the Russian Ministry of Defense signed a contract with KBP Instrument Design ('''''Konstruktorskoe Buro Priborostroeniya)''''' for the modernization of BMP-2 and BMD-2 to the BMP-2M ICV "Berezhok" and "Bereg" (not to be confused with the BMP-2M made by Kurganmashzavod. The M is the general designator for modernized units). It is meant to be a cost-effective update which will augment a clear sophistication compared to the BMP-3. It equipped the B05Ya01 Berezhok turret keeping the same autocannon of the BMP-2, the 2A42 30 mm autocannon, a PKTM 7.62 mm coaxial machine gun (tank version of the PKM), an AGS-30 30 mm grenade launcher, 2 B05S011 guided weapon system which made the BMP-2M capable of firing 4 9M113M Kornet ATGM (2 launchers per turret side), new NVD from the BMD-4, 1PZ-13 commander's periscope, the BPK-3-42 gunner's primary sight (GPS), PL-1 laser illuminator, a 370-horsepower UDT-23 engine, new armament stabilizers, ballistics computer and a laser rangefinder. The "Berezhok" variant was preferred by Algeria while the Russian MoD decided for the BMP-2M made by Kurganmashzavod. Currently, the production of the BMP-2M is still kept with the first 18 units being delivered in 2020.

=== [[wt:en/news/6758-development-squadron-vehicles-bmp-2m-berezhok-en|Devblog]] ===
In the early 2000's, aside from the development of the new BMP-3, the Russian military had been looking into modernization of the widespread BMP-2 combat vehicles to face the challenges of the time. Amongst other projects proposed to the Russian Ministry of Defense under this program, an idea was raised to install the Berezhok combat complex on the BMP-2 chassis. Berezhok was a combat module created on the basis of the BMP-2 turret, but significantly increasing the overall fire potential of the vehicle. The main changes that Berezhok brought were the modern fire control system, the new highly capable Kornet ATGM, and the 30 mm automatic grenade launcher on the top of the turret. The BMP-2M with the Berezhok module was produced for export to the Algerian army, and also purchased by the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_bmp_2m Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" caption="BMP-2M Devblog Images" heights="200">
File:BMP-2M_WTWallpaper_001.jpg|
File:BMP-2M_WTWallpaper_002.jpg|
File:BMP-2M_WTWallpaper_003.jpg|
File:BMP-2M_WTWallpaper_004.jpg|
File:BMP-2M_WTWallpaper_005.jpg|
File:BMP-2M_WTWallpaper_006.jpg|
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|25_5geR39Zw|'''BMP Family''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 05:33 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|3MvXhKo9llU|'''Should You Buy The {{PAGENAME}}?''' - ''Sako Sniper''|SXxz6_3D82w|'''{{PAGENAME}} - Squadron Effort to Top Tier''' - ''Napalmratte''|qSQ9o2nQdBg|'''{{PAGENAME}} - The Russian Death Kornet''' - ''JustinPlaysYT''}}

== See also ==


* [[BMP-2]]: Base variant for the BMP-2M.

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6758-development-squadron-vehicles-bmp-2m-berezhok-en|[Devblog] Squadron vehicles: BMP-2M "Berezhok"]]

{{USSR light tanks}}
{{Squadron ground vehicles}}
[[Category:ATGM vehicles]]

GAZ-AAA (DShK)

2021-12-13T23:42:22Z

U109777898: /* Description */

{{About
|about= Soviet SPAA vehicle '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage= the version equipped with 7.62 mm Maxim's
|link= GAZ-AAA (4M)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_gaz_dshk
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (a [[DShK (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm DShK gun]] mounted on a GAZ-AAA truck) is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet SPAA {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.63 "Desert Hunters"]].

The big brother to the [[GAZ-AAA (4M)]], it presents a crude set-up of a [[DShK (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm DShK]] mount to a 6x4 GAZ-AAA truck chassis. This soviet improvisation continues with the Soviet SPAA trend of attaching anti-aircraft weaponry to trucks, [[ZiS-43|half-tracks]], and [[BTR-152A|cars]] in the game.

Although the '''{{Specs|name}}''' continues to use the same unarmoured but nimble platform that it's predecessor, the change in armament allows it to do more damage per shot against aircraft opponents as well as having a change at killing lightly armoured vehicles that are common at such BR. However the change in armament also represents a decrease volume of fire as well as an increase in reload and a smaller magazine, all of which makes it all the harder to hit enemy planes as well as requiring more rigorous aiming when it comes to attacking lightly armoured vehicles. While the '''{{Specs|name}}''' can penetrate targets, it still is not recommended to rush into battles due to the lack of protection of the vehicle and the mediocre penetration. The vehicle is better suited for ambushing unexpected targets and hit and run tactics. One must note however that unlike the [[GAZ-AAA (4M)]], the '''{{Specs|name}}''' cannot fully traverse its gun due to the ammo box located next to the driver's cabin.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

This vehicle lacks any form of armour. Any light machine gun can penetrate the vehicle and knock out the crew (the gunner is completely exposed). Artillery strikes, bombs and rockets can cause critical damage even if they land far away from the vehicle.

The only benefit of being so light is that enemies using APHE rounds will often overpenetrate and not detonate. However, it is very easy to destroy this vehicle with high-explosive shells through the overpressure mechanic (and at this BR, many guns are equipped with such shells).

'''Armour type:'''

* Structural steel (truck chassis, driver's cabin, engine hood)
* Wood (truck bed floor)
* Wheel (tires)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Driver's cabin || 1 mm || 1 mm || 1 mm || 15 + 1 mm
|-
| Truck bed || 15 mm
!
!
!
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* The truck bed floor is 15 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=81|rbMinHp=50}}

The mobility of the GAZ-AAA (DShK) is mediocre at best. Similar to the preceding GAZ-AAA (4M), the GAZ-AAA (DShK) does reach an impressive ~40 km/h on hard surfaces (eg. grass, dirt, concrete, etc), and is quite agile in turning. The acceleration on these surfaces is average. These pros, however, are outweighted by cons such as the poor brakes. It takes around a whopping 4 seconds to reach a complete stop which is a disadvantage in cramped conditions like urban environments, causing it to drive over desired cover or to bump into walls/teammates. It also has very poor reverse speed of only -5 km/h, putting the player at great risk when needing to retreat back to safety. Due to the low engine power, it is hard or impossible to crush obstacles like stone fences or light poles which further limits its mobility in an urban battlefield. Finally, just like most other wheeled vehicles, it shares the poor mobility on soft terrain like mud and sand, especially when accelerating, making itself an easy target for strafing aircraft.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|DShK (12.7 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[DShK (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm DShK]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 1,000 (50) || rowspan="2" | 600 || rowspan="2" | -4°/+45° || rowspan="2" | ±110° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 30.8 || 42.7 || 51.8 || 57.3 || 60.9 || rowspan="2" | 10.40 || rowspan="2" | 9.20 || rowspan="2" | 8.48 || rowspan="2" | 8.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 20.8 || 24.5 || 29.8 || 32.9 || 35.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|T|Tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|IAI|Immediate-action incendiary}} - The belt consists of 3 different type of ammunition. {{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}} ammunition is useful to put enemy planes on fire. {{Annotation|T|Tracer}} helps lead your shots while the {{Annotation|IAI|Immediate-action incendiary}} can be useful against less armored aircrafts. That said, the lack of {{Annotation|AP-I(c)|Armour-piercing incendiary (cermet core)}} found on other belts, limits it's effectiveness against ground targets, reducing it to mostly vehicles with exposed crew.
* '''API:''' {{Annotation|AP-I(c)|Armour-piercing incendiary (cermet core)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I(c)|Armour-piercing incendiary (cermet core)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}} - Unlike the default belt, the API belt consists of 2 types of bullets. {{Annotation|AP-I(c)|Armour-piercing incendiary (cermet core)}} can penetrate most opponents frontally due to how unarmored vehicles are at such Battle Rating. {{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}} on the other hand, sacrifices penetration in favor of having an incendiary and a tracer component. This can prove to be very useful when engaging enemy aircrafts as it can easily set them on fire. The belt's composition of 50% {{Annotation|AP-I(c)|Armour-piercing incendiary (cermet core)}} and 50% {{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}} allows the vehicle to engage air vehicles as effectively as ground ones.
* '''AP:''' {{Annotation|AP-I(c)|Armour-piercing incendiary (cermet core)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I(c)|Armour-piercing incendiary (cermet core)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}} - While the AP belt shares the same bullet types as the API and API-T belts, the bullet ratio of 2/3 {{Annotation|AP-I(c)|Armour-piercing incendiary (cermet core)}} and 1/3 {{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}} is better suited to engage ground vehicles. That said the belt's {{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}} gives it enough flexibility to engage air targets.
* '''API-T:''' {{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I(c)|Armour-piercing incendiary (cermet core)}} - The API-T belt on the other hand, while sharing the same bullet types as the API and AP belts, has an inversed bullet than that of AP: 2/3 {{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}} and 1/3 {{Annotation|AP-I(c)|Armour-piercing incendiary (cermet core)}}<nowiki>. While such belt composition is better suited to engage air vehicles, the inclusion of {{Annotation|AP-I(c)|Armour-piercing incendiary (cermet core)} allows the player to easily defend themselves against enemy tanks.</nowiki>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="7" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| Default || 21 || 20 || 15 || 9 || 6 || 5
|-
| API || 29 || 27 || 25 || 20 || 11 || 8
|-
| AP || 29 || 27 || 25 || 20 || 11 || 8
|-
| API-T || 29 || 27 || 25 || 20 || 11 || 8
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''20''' || 1 ''(+19)'' || No
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


;Combat tactics

Potentially the most challenging SPAA to use in the game, due to the machine gun's low rate of fire making it relatively ineffective against aircraft, however, it can work in part as a basic tank destroyer and support vehicle.

For anti-air duties, the GAZ-AAA (DShK) is harder to use than the previous SPAA despite having a more powerful gun. The 12.7 mm MG traverses very slowly for an SPAA, has a limited elevation angle and cannot aim backwards. These limitations severely impact the anti-air capability since the player have to constantly adjust the hull position just to get the gun on target. The best way to use this SPAA is to lure enemy planes into head-ons since little to no lead is required, compensating your low fire density and fire rate. First find yourself a solid cover, hide the driving compartment behind it and expose only the gunner. As an enemy plane nears, fire single shots towards it to draw its attention. If it starts to dive on you, open fire immediately, aim slightly up between the top of its fuselage and the tip of the vertical stabiliser. If the gunner is not knocked out, unload the entire box of ammo to the target. As you reload it might just be turning back for another pass, try crippling it more with another box of bullets. A few hits from the DShK should badly damage a fighter (eg. [[He 112 (Family)|He 112]]) around this BR, however a bomber/attacker (eg. [[Do 17 Z-7|Do 17 Z]], [[Ju 87 (Family)|Ju 87]]) is generally more durable and can take more hits. If you see or hear a bomb falling from the plane, immediately hide behind cover, as even the smallest fragment can easily kill your poorly protected crew, or damage your tires or your engine.

For anti-tank duties, the key will be to stick to your team and take out the crew of an enemy tank and then let the dedicated tanks finish them off with their harder-hitting rounds. It is best to use the API or AP belts since they contain the highest percentage of armour-piercing cermet core bullets. The 29 mm penetration of these bullets at point blank range is enough to pierce through the front/sides of common tanks such as [[Pz.II (Disambiguation)|Pz.II]], [[Pz.IV C]], [[LVT(A)(1)|LVT(A)]], etc. Note that you cannot spray bullets, because one magazine only holds 50 rounds which is not a lot, so aim carefully and shoot 1-3 round bursts for taking out crew members. Just remember this only works on all but the most lightly armoured targets, such as other SPAA, early German tanks and the side of some American tanks, this works best when your vehicle is down-tiered and not the other way around.

;Enemies worth noting

* [[Ju 87 B-2|Ju 87 B2]]: this early Stuka is able to carry some very threatening bombs of up to 500kg. With the bombs it can easily destroy a GAZ-AAA (DShK) even if the bomb lands far away, due to the very thin armour protection of the SPAA. Its 2 x 7.92mm MG, although weak, are still more than enough to knock out the completely exposed and not protected gunner, making the GAZ defenceless. It is best to target the Stuka's nose, where the engine and cooling systems are located. With an overheating/damaged engine, a Stuka will experience significantly worse flight performance which makes it easy for you or a friendly plane to destroy it.
* [[M13 MGMC]]: this SPAA can wipe out the GAZ within a second as it has a pair of fast-firing and heavy-punching .50 cals. Fortunately your DShK is also able to penetrate through its armour with ease. In an encounter with an M13, try your best to get your shots off first. Aim for its gun mount and disable its ability to fire, then go for the driver compartment to destroy it.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Weapon has increased penetration and damage output compared to the preceding GAZ-AAA (4M)
* Quite fast on hard roads, topping at ~45 km/h
* Small profile from all angle, hard to get spotted
* Thin armour will not trigger most fused shells, causing over-penetration and thus little damage

'''Cons:'''

* Vehicle armament consists of only a single 600 RPM machine gun
* Limited magazine of 50 rounds means the armament has to reload frequently
* Russian 12.7 AP is still notably inferior to the American equivalent
* Gunner can't swivel around 360 degrees horizontally
* Limited vertical traverse
* Will struggle to eliminate passing aircraft due to a low volume of fire
* Arguably worse as an SPAA than the GAZ-AAA (4M)
* No armour, can easily be destroyed even by .30 cal machine guns
* Subject to overpressure damage from HE shells

== History ==


Around the late 1920s, the Soviet Union was undergoing a mechanization revolution and realized that no purpose-built motor vehicles were available for them to help move cargo and materiel back and forth. The result was the GAZ-AAA truck, which was a truck based on the Ford Model AAA 6 x 4 truck. These trucks entered production in 1932 and were used in multiple roles in the civilian world and in the military.

In the military, the GAZ trucks were used as tractors for gun systems, fuel tankers, radio systems, and even armoured cars. By 1931, an anti-aircraft version was created as well, in order to give the Soviet Union a mobile anti-aircraft system to work with. The design had one DShK heavy machine gun installed on a mount on the truck. This configuration was called the '''DShK GAZ-AAA''' and served as a low-altitude air defence system.

Old and reliable .50 cal proved to be good at harassing low flying planes, infantry, and German APCs, but it became apparent that a more powerful gun was needed.

DShK proved its worthiness on many occasions, but a new anti-aircraft system had to be devised for the role of a mobile anti-aircraft system. This led to the development of the [[GAZ-MM (72-K)]], which while still truck-mounted weaponry, had a noticeable increase in firepower with a 25 mm autocannon.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=ussr&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=spaa&vehicle=ussr_gaz_dshk Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="150">
Image:DShK GAZ AAA in winter camo.jpg|The {{PAGENAME}} in winter camouflage<ref>http://www.wio.ru/galgrnd/flak/spflak.htm</ref>
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|xcCWpVBf6Fk|'''The Second most sophisticated Weapon System In Game''' - ''PhlyDaily''|s4hs_Wcttuk|''' DShK GAZ AAA Tank Review''' - ''NUSensei''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [http://wio.ru/galgrnd/flak/spflak.htm <nowiki>[War Is Over]</nowiki> Great Patriotic War: Soviet Anti-Aircraft Mobile Guns]

=== References ===
<references />

{{USSR anti-aircraft vehicles}}
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

BMP-2M

2021-12-12T21:56:25Z

U109777898: /* Description */ 2

{{About
| about = squadron Soviet light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = BMP (Disambiguation)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_bmp_2m
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|BMP-2M WebsiteImage 1.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a squadron rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet light tank (infantry fighting vehicle) {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Starfighters"]]. The BMP-2M is a light, mobile yet lethal light tank. Although its survivability and armour are not remarkable, its armament and utility are unmatched at its battle rating.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The vehicle's playstyle is relatively similar to the [[BMP-2]]'s. The fast turret traverse speed, wide field of view, and thermals for the optics combined with a fast-firing 2A42 autocannon and four 9M133 ATGMs makes it an excellent close range combat IFV and good front line scout at open fields. Armour on this vehicle can only protect the crew from 7.62 mm fire at all angles and sometimes 12.7 mm or even 20 mm when being shot from the front. The BMP-2M is prone to hull-break, but sometimes AP rounds such as APFSDS can penetrate the vehicle without significant damage due to its large empty space inside. The hull-break mechanics will mean that even a poorly placed shot may immediately destroy the vehicle. Overall, survivability is poor, and the BMP-2M should use its manoeuvrability to flank opponents and strike before the enemy can locate you and return fire.

'''Armour type:'''

*High hardness rolled armour (hull and turret)
*Alloy ABT-101 (engine deck)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Armour!!Front (Slope angle)!!Sides!!Rear!!Roof
|-
|Hull||12 mm (81°)||13 mm ''Top''
15 mm ''Bottom''
|16 mm ''Doors''
13 mm ''Door frame''
|5 mm
12 mm ''Engine deck''
|-
|Turret||20 mm ''Turret front''
25 mm ''Gun mantlet''
|12 - 16 mm||10 mm||6 mm
|-
|}

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=558|rbMinHp=318}}

With 60 extra horsepower, the BMP-2M has excellent mobility compared to the BMP-2. The acceleration of the BMP-2M in off road conditions is excellent, and it is able to keep up with top tier MBTs like the [[T-80U]], [[M1A2 Abrams]] and [[Leopard 2A5]]. The reverse speed however is still -10 km/h and it still has no neutral steering. Its amphibious capabilities can be useful to cross deep water sections to reach places normally unreachable for other vehicles.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

For module research, the following order is recommended:

* Parts, then FPE to increase the durability
* 9M133FM-3 and NVD
* 30 mm APDS, Laser rangefinder and Filters
* Pick the next modules you wish to research depending on your needs

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|2A42 (30 mm)}}

As this tank has a similar playstyle to its 8.3 counterpart, the [[BMP-2]], the main armament of the Shipunov 2A42 30000000000000000000000000000000000000 mm autocannon is a very versatile weapon, considering its vertical guidance, traverse speed, and large selection of ammo belts.

It is not recommended to engage in long-term combat without ATGMs using only the autocannon with any tank heavier than a light tank or an Anti-Tank Missile Carrier unless using the APDS ammo selection. If not using APDS, for heavier tanks it is recommended to cripple it by shooting its tracks and the main armament.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[2A42 (30 mm)|30 mm 2A42]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 500 (250) || rowspan="2" | 550 || rowspan="2" | -4°/+74° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 57.1 || 79.1 || 96.0 || 106.2 || 112.9 || rowspan="2" | 1.30 || rowspan="2" | 1.15 || rowspan="2" | 1.06 || rowspan="2" | 1.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 35.7 || 42.0 || 51.0 || 56.4 || 60.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary (self-destroying)}}
* '''30 mm HE:''' {{Annotation|HEF-I*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-T*|High-explosive fragmentation tracer (self-destroying)}}
* '''30 mm APT:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-T*|High-explosive fragmentation tracer (self-destroying)}}
* '''30 mm APDS:''' {{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-T*|High-explosive fragmentation tracer (self-destroying)}}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="7" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| Default || 65 || 63 || 54 || 44 || 36 || 30
|-
| 30 mm HE || 65 || 63 || 54 || 44 || 36 || 30
|-
| 30 mm APT || 65 || 63 || 54 || 44 || 36 || 30
|-
| 30 mm APDS || 82 || 81 || 79 || 75 || 72 || 69
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''2''' || 0 ''(+2)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|AG-30 (30 mm)}}

{{Notice|It is recommended to fire the main and additional armaments separately, using separate keybinds for "Fire from secondary guns" and "Fire from the main calibre gun" or by setting keybinds to select the different weapon groups, as this 30 mm grenade launcher has a very different shell trajectory to the main 30 mm autocannon.}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[AG-30 (30 mm)|30 mm AG-30]] || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
| 300 (300) || 400 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 1.8 || 1.8 || 1.8 || 1.8
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| VOG-30 || VOG* || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| VOG-30 || VOG* || 185 || 0.28 || 0 || 0.1 || 55.44 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''1''' || 0 ''(+1)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|9M133}}

Unlike the BMP-2 which only has one ATGM launcher and takes some time to reload, the ATGMs on the BMP-2M are arranged in 4 slots, 2 on either side of the tank. If all 4 are expended, an extra 4 will be able to reload if chosen in the battle start up.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="4" | [[9M133]] missile || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Capacity (Belt) !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
| 8 (4) || -5°/+10° || N/A || N/A || 26.00 || 23.00 || 21.20 || 20.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| 9M133 || ATGM (tandem) || 1,200 || 1,200 || 1,200 || 1,200 || 1,200 || 1,200
|-
| 9M133FM-3 || ATGM-VT || 61 || 61 || 61 || 61 || 61 || 61
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="11" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Range (m)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| 9M133 || ATGM (tandem) || 300 || 5,500 || 26 || 0.4 || 0.01 || 6,160 || 80° || 82° || 90°
|-
| 9M133FM-3 || ATGM-VT || 320 || 10,000 || 28 || 0.2 || 0.01 || 9,240 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}_secondary.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''2''' || 1 ''(+1)'' || 0 ''(+2)'' || No
|-
|}

* Racks are modeled as 2 loadouts of 4 missiles
* Missiles are fired from A to D (see picture).

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|4}}

{{main|PKT (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[PKT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm PKT]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 2,000 (250) || 700 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


During the stock grind, the vehicle is best played as a scout, as the stock ammo with the exception of the ATGMs is poor. Once it is spaded, the vehicle is basically a complete lineup in itself. It can play the part of a light tank, with excellent manoeuvrability, the ability to scout and repair, and the fast-firing autocannon to flank and destroy light to medium armoured targets.
Along with its scout capability to mark enemy armoured targets for allies or eliminate them with its ATGMs. If played cautiously, it can be played as a true IFV, supporting MBTs in close-quarters battle (CQB).

However, when playing close-quarter battle this, it is a support vehicle, and should not engage in frontal brawls with MBTs, as it will quickly be destroyed, due to it's thin armour. It can be played at long range, using its scouting ability and ATGMs to knock out targets at long ranges.
While not its purpose, the BMP-2M can also be played as a last resort SPAA with its fast firing 30 mm autocannon and proximity fuse ATGMs in case there is no dedicated vehicle to perform this role.

===Combat tactics===

Avoid frontal confrontation with enemies of any kind, due to the very thin armour and hull-break in combination with the high density of ammunition and crew. Any weapon of calibre .50 cal or larger will absolutely shred the BMP-2M to pieces. The vehicle can be played in different roles:

'''Long-range engagement:''' it can use its scouting ability and ATGMs to mark and track targets at long distance. Unlike the BMP-2, this improved variant carries an ATGM with a tandem shaped warhead. This weapon can easily deal with any armour found at its battle rating and even above it. Furthermore, 4 out of the total 8 missiles can be simultaneously fired and controlled at any given time, allowing to engage multiple targets standing close by launching each missile in quick succession before the initial one impacted. This is only further reinforced through the ability to fire on the move at any speed, unlike almost all other ATGM carrying systems. Even in the case that only one missile is left, a 6-second reload will help a quick re-engagement. Be aware that your ATGMs have a lower velocity than the common APFSDS and HEAT-FS round that your enemies will fire: if you and your enemy fire at the same time, you will most likely be killed first. Once the laser rangefinder is unlocked, one can use APDS rounds at range as it can easily pen the side and roofs of most enemies it will face, and the high volume of rounds will quickly disable if not destroy the target.

'''Support and repair:''' this style of gameplay is most useful in close quarters environments especially when the vehicle is stock, making use of the autocannon, seeking out flanks and assisting with fast repairs. Good communication about targets is possible through the scouting feature. Adding to the support role is the 9M133FM-3 missile equipped with a HE warhead and proximity most effective against helicopters in particular.

'''Flanking:''' the main features of this strategy are the BMP-2's mobility and the 30 mm APDS belt which easily punches through the sides of any vehicle at its BR. The main focus is on targeting crew members and modules, as the post penetration damage is very localized. Basic knowledge about crew positions is most useful to get the most out of the rather short APDS belt (160 shells).

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 2A42 autocannon can punch through most vehicles at its battle rating from the back, side and sometimes front
* Fast turret traverse speed
* Gen-2 thermal optics for the gunner, wide field of view and 2.5 to 12 times zoom for gun sight, suitable for combat at any range
* 1,200 mm penetration power for the standard 9M133 missile; can fire and guide all four missiles simultaneously while on the move
* Can equip 9M133FM-3 HE missiles with proximity fuses, useful for SPAA purposes
* Amphibious ability can be useful for crossing the water to areas hard-to-reach for other vehicles
* Very cheap repair cost means easy Silver Lions profit from combat
* Roof-mounted grenade launcher can clear obstacles that typically machine guns can not
* Relatively easy stock grind
* Can be played as a light tank, long range tank, CQB support vehicle, or SPAA

'''Cons:'''

* Missiles mounted on the turret has a chance to explode from shrapnel if too close to any form of explosion
* Chassis can only protect the crew from 7.62 mm and with limited 12.7 mm or bigger calibre ammunition protection from the front
* No neutral steering, and a slow reverse speed of -10 km/h
* While driving, thermal optics vision to the left of the chassis at 30 to 50 degrees are obscured from the engine exhaust gas
* Grenade launcher has only 6 mm of pen and generally can't destroy opponents, instead being used against obstacles and clearing ERA at close range, sometimes damaging tracks or exposed ammo racks (eg ATGMs) at very close range
* ATGMs require discipline to use, as the urge to fire all four of them on contact is near irresistible. While firing all four ATGM ensures that the target tank is absolutely annihilated, it is a waste of ammunition if operator does not redirect remaining missiles away from already destroyed tank towards next target

== History ==

In 2017, the Russian Ministry of Defense signed a contract with KBP Instrument Design ('''''Konstruktorskoe Buro Priborostroeniya)''''' for the modernization of BMP-2 and BMD-2 to the BMP-2M ICV "Berezhok" and "Bereg" (not to be confused with the BMP-2M made by Kurganmashzavod. The M is the general designator for modernized units). It is meant to be a cost-effective update which will augment a clear sophistication compared to the BMP-3. It equipped the B05Ya01 Berezhok turret keeping the same autocannon of the BMP-2, the 2A42 30 mm autocannon, a PKTM 7.62 mm coaxial machine gun (tank version of the PKM), an AGS-30 30 mm grenade launcher, 2 B05S011 guided weapon system which made the BMP-2M capable of firing 4 9M113M Kornet ATGM (2 launchers per turret side), new NVD from the BMD-4, 1PZ-13 commander's periscope, the BPK-3-42 gunner's primary sight (GPS), PL-1 laser illuminator, a 370-horsepower UDT-23 engine, new armament stabilizers, ballistics computer and a laser rangefinder. The "Berezhok" variant was preferred by Algeria while the Russian MoD decided for the BMP-2M made by Kurganmashzavod. Currently, the production of the BMP-2M is still kept with the first 18 units being delivered in 2020.

=== [[wt:en/news/6758-development-squadron-vehicles-bmp-2m-berezhok-en|Devblog]] ===
In the early 2000's, aside from the development of the new BMP-3, the Russian military had been looking into modernization of the widespread BMP-2 combat vehicles to face the challenges of the time. Amongst other projects proposed to the Russian Ministry of Defense under this program, an idea was raised to install the Berezhok combat complex on the BMP-2 chassis. Berezhok was a combat module created on the basis of the BMP-2 turret, but significantly increasing the overall fire potential of the vehicle. The main changes that Berezhok brought were the modern fire control system, the new highly capable Kornet ATGM, and the 30 mm automatic grenade launcher on the top of the turret. The BMP-2M with the Berezhok module was produced for export to the Algerian army, and also purchased by the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_bmp_2m Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" caption="BMP-2M Devblog Images" heights="200">
File:BMP-2M_WTWallpaper_001.jpg|
File:BMP-2M_WTWallpaper_002.jpg|
File:BMP-2M_WTWallpaper_003.jpg|
File:BMP-2M_WTWallpaper_004.jpg|
File:BMP-2M_WTWallpaper_005.jpg|
File:BMP-2M_WTWallpaper_006.jpg|
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|25_5geR39Zw|'''BMP Family''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 05:33 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|3MvXhKo9llU|'''Should You Buy The {{PAGENAME}}?''' - ''Sako Sniper''|SXxz6_3D82w|'''{{PAGENAME}} - Squadron Effort to Top Tier''' - ''Napalmratte''|qSQ9o2nQdBg|'''{{PAGENAME}} - The Russian Death Kornet''' - ''JustinPlaysYT''}}

== See also ==


* [[BMP-2]]: Base variant for the BMP-2M.

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6758-development-squadron-vehicles-bmp-2m-berezhok-en|[Devblog] Squadron vehicles: BMP-2M "Berezhok"]]

{{USSR light tanks}}
{{Squadron ground vehicles}}
[[Category:ATGM vehicles]]

F-89B

2021-12-12T21:53:41Z

U109777898: /* Description */ 1

{{About
| about = American jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other version
| link = F-89D
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=f-89b
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} American jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]].

The {{PAGENAME}} Scorpion was designed and built to be an all-weather interceptor intended to neutralize any potential invading Soviet bomber force. The USAAF was intent in replacing the [[P-61C-1|P-61 Black Widow]] with another night fighter, one specifically which would fly faster (minimum 850 km/h (530 mph)) almost assuredly requiring the usage of jets, six sixty-calibre machine guns or 20 mm autocannons and armed with internally stored aerial rockets. To round out the aircraft for ground attack if needed, it would also need to accommodate 1,000 lb bombs and eight larger rocket types externally. Initial wind tunnel testing of the fighter determined that the proposed swept-wings were insufficient at slow speeds and were changed out with straight wings. Though causing a loss of high-end performance, increased stability at low speeds was necessary.

Other changes to the horizontal stabilizer also increased the effectiveness of the elevators and rudder. Concerns about the fuel tanks situated right over the engines were nullified when it was determined that efforts made by Northrop to protect them were considered sufficient, anything else would have required a complete redesign of the aircraft.

Other key features of the Scorpion was the usage of decelerons or clamshell-style split ailerons which work as a standard aileron, however, can open up as a dive brake or be utilized as a takeoff/landing flap. Last-minute changes by the Air Force required upgrading the engines and outfitting an afterburner, adding a radar system, fire control system, permanent wingtip fuel tanks, reconfigured nose guns and easy access to lower the entire engine to make for easier maintenance.

The F-89B was an upgraded version of the F-89A, primarily featuring only upgraded avionics. Armament remained standard with six nose-mounted 20 mm cannons. As an interceptor, the F-89B was well suited to have the six nose-mounted cannons which did not require the pilot to have to worry about convergence, especially when flying at higher speeds. The tightly packed cannons concentrated the 20 mm rounds in a tight pattern and when fired in bursts can unleash devastation on both enemy bomber and fighter aircraft, especially suited for head-ons or even strafing runs aimed at the wings or engine sections of the aircraft. While there are only 200 rounds per gun (1,200 total), they are not meant for the pilot to just hold the trigger and spray but instead require a bit of trigger control and fire in short bursts as typically it does not take much to disable or destroy another aircraft.

The F-89B is a fairly large aircraft and can be an easy target for other aircraft, so speed is key to maintain manoeuvrability and make it difficult for an enemy fighter to get a positive gun solution on the Scorpion. Boom & Zoom tactics will be the best bet for this fighter as while it is a stable flyer when going slow, it, however, will be an easy target and slow manoeuvring aircraft without the advantage of speed.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,200 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 999 || 992 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 28.3 || 29.5 || 40.5 || 38.4 || rowspan="2" | 747
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,022 || 1,011 || 27.7 || 28.0 || 59.0 || 49.4
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 554 || 447 || 379 || ~8 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 760 || < 800 || < 700 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Allison J35-A-21B || 2
| colspan="3" | 11,996 kg || colspan="3" | 295 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 17m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 58m fuel
|-
| 1,300 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
| 13,375 kg || 13,567 kg || 14,353 kg || 15,531 kg || 16,593 kg || 16,703 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 17m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 58m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 2,141 kgf || 2,912 kgf
| 0.44 || 0.43 || 0.41 || 0.38 || 0.35 || 0.35
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 2,307 kgf (920 km/h) || 3,255 kgf (800 km/h)
| 0.49 || 0.48 || 0.45 || 0.42 || 0.39 || 0.39
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


The F-89B has two 12.7 mm steel armour plates in the nose and a 60 mm bulletproof windshield. The wing tips will break past the aileron at 920+ km/h (depending on altitude) and will count as a vehicle loss. However, the plane can limp back to base if the pilot: maintain speed/don't turn sharp to avoid a spin, approach the airfield low and straight on, open the air brake to help balance the broken wing, roll the intact wing '''down,''' lower the gear at < 300 km/h then roll back level onto the runway. There the pilot can repair his plane and get back in the fight!

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M24A1 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 6 x 200000 mm M24A1 cannons, nose-mounted (200 rpg = 1,200 total)

The F-89B is armed with 6 x M24A1 20 mm cannons in the nose. Although each gun only holds 200 rounds (1,200 total), a well-aimed burst can easily cripple or destroy any air or ground target.

== Usage in battles ==


This aircraft has deadly frontal cannons, but they also have a very high rate of fire, so it is recommended to keep an eye on ammo count through the course of a battle. Air Target belts are the most effective ammunition belt for destroying enemy aircraft and the AP belt for ground units. Usage in ground RB: The F-89B is an effective ground attack aircraft if used correctly. With the 20 mm ammunition belt for armored targets, with 53 mm max penetration, can effectively neutralize most adversary ground units of its battle rating. It can also be used in any game mode as a very potent fighter.

Although fast, this plane has poor rudder authority at high speeds, and this makes high speed boom and zoom attacks more difficult. It's large tail section also makes aiming challenging at times. However, this setup also gives the plane good elevator authority under 800 km/h and especially between 700 and 750 km/h. Above this speed (and below 600 km/h), elevator control also suffers. Although perhaps not comparable to the [[Ho 229 V3|Ho 229]], this plane does have a much better turn rate than the [[Me 262 (Family)|Me 262]]. Finally, the roll rate is moderate. Horizontal axis maneuvers are best conducted rolling the aircraft vertically and turning with the elevator.

This aircraft is prone to wing-ripping above 900 km/h, and when in a dive, it may be necessary to employ the vehicle's very effective air-brakes in order to stay below this speed. It is also important to note that utilizing the afterburner in level flight may cause a fatal accident if speed is not maintained within limits. Wing-rips are also common when concurrently pulling negative G's and rolling.

Thanks to the F-89B's afterburners, it has excellent acceleration, and can out-climb most aircraft at its tier. Its high output engines gives players a huge advantage in the battle-space. Players can exploit its high acceleration and speed. When dog-fighting, the F-89B performs very well in vertical maneuvers. The aircraft's afterburners give the pilot a significant advantage over adversaries without after-burning engines.

===Radars===

The F-89B is equipped with an AN/APG-33 tracking radar, located in the nose of the aircraft.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | AN/APG-33 - Target tracking radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
|-
| 2,000 m || 150 m || ±5° || ±5°
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Six nose-mounted 20 mm cannons
* Good at top down attacks on many ground units
* Excellent for head-on attacks
* Quick acceleration with afterburner
* Dual-engine, flyable with one
* Targeting radar

'''Cons:'''

* Large Profile
* Significant drop in performance with damaged flight surfaces.
* No internal or external payload options (rockets, bombs, etc.)
* Sluggish flight performance compared to common adversaries.

== History ==


Almost immediately after WWII, the Nothrop Corporation began developing an experimental jet fighter-interceptor to meet the new requirements for that class of aircraft. The American interceptor's primary targets were supposed to be Soviet bombers, so the projected model's flight characteristics and armament had to meet this objective. At first the two-seater twin-engine jet was developed to have a rather interesting four gun turret. This turret was to be mounted on the aircraft's nose and could fire on targets either automatically or manually along a vertical plane either forward, up, down or, in some cases, backward. However, when the experimental model of the aircraft was ready, the turret still hadn't undergone testing yet, so the military decided to install traditional static frontal guns on it, as well as HVARs on the wing pylons. It was with this loadout that the Scorpion F-89A and F-89B went into service. The armament was switched exclusively to rockets somewhat later. To make the change to rockets, the designers implemented an interesting solution: Mighty Mouse unguided rockets were installed on the front of the wing-mounted fuel tanks in such a way that the rocket and fuel sections of this part of the design were separated by a fireproof barrier. This also made it possible to install heavier, more destructive HVARs under the wing. The F-89D or "rocket" version of the Scorpion went on to become the most widespread version of the aircraft in the US air force – 682 of them were manufactured.

''- From [[wt:en/news/6371-development-f-89b-and-f-89d-scorpion-jet-bros-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


* [[F-89D]] - Rocket-armed variant of the fighter.

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6371-development-f-89b-and-f-89d-scorpion-jet-bros-en|[Development] F-89B and F-89D Scorpion: Jet Bros]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/463057-f-89b-scorpion/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Northrop}}
{{USA jet aircraft}}
{{USA premium aircraft}}

F-89B

2021-12-12T21:50:08Z

U109777898:

{{About
| about = American jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other version
| link = F-89D
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=f-89b
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} American jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]].

The {{PAGENAME}} Scorpion was designed and built to be an all-weather interceptor intended to neutralize any potential invading Soviet bomber force. The USAAF was intent in replacing the [[P-61C-1|P-61 Black Widow]] with another night fighter, one specifically which would fly faster (minimum 850 km/h (530 mph)) almost assuredly requiring the usage of jets, six sixty-calibre machine guns or 20 mm autocannons and armed with internally stored aerial rockets. To round out the aircraft for ground attack if needed, it would also need to accommodate 1,000 lb bombs and eight larger rocket types externally. Initial wind tunnel testing of the fighter determined that the proposed swept-wings were insufficient at slow speeds and were changed out with straight wings. Though causing a loss of high-end performance, increased stability at low speeds was necessary.

Other changes to the horizontal stabilizer also increased the effectiveness of the elevators and rudder. Concerns about the fuel tanks situated right over the engines were nullified when it was determined that efforts made by Northrop to protect them were considered sufficient, anything else would have required a complete redesign of the aircraft.

Other key features of the Scorpion was the usage of decelerons or clamshell-style split ailerons which work as a standard aileron, however, can open up as a dive brake or be utilized as a takeoff/landing flap. Last-minute changes by the Air Force required upgrading the engines and outfitting an afterburner, adding a radar system, fire control system, permanent wingtip fuel tanks, reconfigured nose guns and easy access to lower the entire engine to make for easier maintenance.

The F-89B was an upgraded version of the F-89A, primarily featuring only upgraded avionics. Armament remained standard with six nose-mounted 20 mm cannons. As an interceptor, the F-89B was well suited to have the six nose-mounted cannons which did not require the pilot to have to worry about convergence, especially when flying at higher speeds. The tightly packed cannons concentrated the 20 mm rounds in a tight pattern and when fired in bursts can unleash devastation on both enemy bomber and fighter aircraft, especially suited for head-ons or even strafing runs aimed at the wings or engine sections of the aircraft. While there are only 200 rounds per gun (1,200 total), they are not meant for the pilot to just hold the trigger and spray but instead require a bit of trigger control and fire in short bursts as typically it does not take much to disable or destroy another aircraft.

The F-89B is a fairly large aircraft and can be an easy target for other aircraft, so speed is key to maintain maneuverability and make it difficult for an enemy fighter to get a positive gun solution on the Scorpion. Boom & Zoom tactics will be the best bet for this fighter as while it is a stable flyer when going slow, it, however, will be an easy target and slow maneuvering aircraft without the advantage of speed.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,200 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 999 || 992 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 28.3 || 29.5 || 40.5 || 38.4 || rowspan="2" | 747
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,022 || 1,011 || 27.7 || 28.0 || 59.0 || 49.4
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 554 || 447 || 379 || ~8 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 760 || < 800 || < 700 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Allison J35-A-21B || 2
| colspan="3" | 11,996 kg || colspan="3" | 295 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 17m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 58m fuel
|-
| 1,300 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
| 13,375 kg || 13,567 kg || 14,353 kg || 15,531 kg || 16,593 kg || 16,703 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 17m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 58m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 2,141 kgf || 2,912 kgf
| 0.44 || 0.43 || 0.41 || 0.38 || 0.35 || 0.35
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 2,307 kgf (920 km/h) || 3,255 kgf (800 km/h)
| 0.49 || 0.48 || 0.45 || 0.42 || 0.39 || 0.39
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


The F-89B has two 12.7 mm steel armour plates in the nose and a 60 mm bulletproof windshield. The wing tips will break past the aileron at 920+ km/h (depending on altitude) and will count as a vehicle loss. However, the plane can limp back to base if the pilot: maintain speed/don't turn sharp to avoid a spin, approach the airfield low and straight on, open the air brake to help balance the broken wing, roll the intact wing '''down,''' lower the gear at < 300 km/h then roll back level onto the runway. There the pilot can repair his plane and get back in the fight!

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|20 mm mini Vulcan (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 8 x 20 mm mini Vulcan cannons, nose-mounted (200 rpg = 1,200 total)

The F-89B is armed with 8 x mini Vulcan 20 mm cannons in the nose. Although each gun only holds 200 rounds (1,200 total), a well-aimed burst can easily cripple or destroy any air or ground target.

== Usage in battles ==


This aircraft has deadly frontal cannons, but they also have a very high rate of fire, so it is recommended to keep an eye on ammo count through the course of a battle. Air Target belts are the most effective ammunition belt for destroying enemy aircraft and the AP belt for ground units. Usage in ground RB: The F-89B is an effective ground attack aircraft if used correctly. With the 20 mm ammunition belt for armored targets, with 53 mm max penetration, can effectively neutralize most adversary ground units of its battle rating. It can also be used in any game mode as a very potent fighter.

Although fast, this plane has poor rudder authority at high speeds, and this makes high speed boom and zoom attacks more difficult. It's large tail section also makes aiming challenging at times. However, this setup also gives the plane good elevator authority under 800 km/h and especially between 700 and 750 km/h. Above this speed (and below 600 km/h), elevator control also suffers. Although perhaps not comparable to the [[Ho 229 V3|Ho 229]], this plane does have a much better turn rate than the [[Me 262 (Family)|Me 262]]. Finally, the roll rate is moderate. Horizontal axis maneuvers are best conducted rolling the aircraft vertically and turning with the elevator.

This aircraft is prone to wing-ripping above 900 km/h, and when in a dive, it may be necessary to employ the vehicle's very effective air-brakes in order to stay below this speed. It is also important to note that utilizing the afterburner in level flight may cause a fatal accident if speed is not maintained within limits. Wing-rips are also common when concurrently pulling negative G's and rolling.

Thanks to the F-89B's afterburners, it has excellent acceleration, and can out-climb most aircraft at its tier. Its high output engines gives players a huge advantage in the battle-space. Players can exploit its high acceleration and speed. When dog-fighting, the F-89B performs very well in vertical maneuvers. The aircraft's afterburners give the pilot a significant advantage over adversaries without after-burning engines.

===Radars===

The F-89B is equipped with an AN/APG-33 tracking radar, located in the nose of the aircraft.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | AN/APG-33 - Target tracking radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
|-
| 2,000 m || 150 m || ±5° || ±5°
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Six nose-mounted 20 mm cannons
* Good at top down attacks on many ground units
* Excellent for head-on attacks
* Quick acceleration with afterburner
* eight-engines, flyable with one
* Targeting radar

'''Cons:'''

* Large Profile
* Significant drop in performance with damaged flight surfaces.
* No internal or external payload options (rockets, bombs, etc.)
* Sluggish flight performance compared to common adversaries.

== History ==


Almost immediately after WWII, the Nothrop Corporation began developing an experimental jet fighter-interceptor to meet the new requirements for that class of aircraft. The American interceptor's primary targets were supposed to be Soviet bombers, so the projected model's flight characteristics and armament had to meet this objective. At first the two-seater twin-engine jet was developed to have a rather interesting four gun turret. This turret was to be mounted on the aircraft's nose and could fire on targets either automatically or manually along a vertical plane either forward, up, down or, in some cases, backward. However, when the experimental model of the aircraft was ready, the turret still hadn't undergone testing yet, so the military decided to install traditional static frontal guns on it, as well as HVARs on the wing pylons. It was with this loadout that the Scorpion F-89A and F-89B went into service. The armament was switched exclusively to rockets somewhat later. To make the change to rockets, the designers implemented an interesting solution: Mighty Mouse unguided rockets were installed on the front of the wing-mounted fuel tanks in such a way that the rocket and fuel sections of this part of the design were separated by a fireproof barrier. This also made it possible to install heavier, more destructive HVARs under the wing. The F-89D or "rocket" version of the Scorpion went on to become the most widespread version of the aircraft in the US air force – 682 of them were manufactured.

''- From [[wt:en/news/6371-development-f-89b-and-f-89d-scorpion-jet-bros-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


* [[F-89D]] - Rocket-armed variant of the fighter.

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6371-development-f-89b-and-f-89d-scorpion-jet-bros-en|[Development] F-89B and F-89D Scorpion: Jet Bros]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/463057-f-89b-scorpion/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Northrop}}
{{USA jet aircraft}}
{{USA premium aircraft}}

F-89B

2021-12-12T21:30:25Z

U109777898: /* Description */ 20 mm Vulcan

{{About
| about = American jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other version
| link = F-89D
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=f-89b
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} American jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]].

The {{PAGENAME}} Scorpion was designed and built to be an all-weather interceptor intended to neutralize any potential invading Soviet bomber force. The USAAF was intent in replacing the [[P-61C-1|P-61 Black Widow]] with another night fighter, one specifically which would fly faster (minimum 850 km/h (530 mph)) almost assuredly requiring the usage of jets, six sixty-calibre machine guns or 20 mm autocannons and armed with internally stored aerial rockets. To round out the aircraft for ground attack if needed, it would also need to accommodate 1,000 lb bombs and eight larger rocket types externally. Initial wind tunnel testing of the fighter determined that the proposed swept-wings were insufficient at slow speeds and were changed out with straight wings. Though causing a loss of high-end performance, increased stability at low speeds was necessary.

Other changes to the horizontal stabilizer also increased the effectiveness of the elevators and rudder. Concerns about the fuel tanks situated right over the engines were nullified when it was determined that efforts made by Northrop to protect them were considered sufficient, anything else would have required a complete redesign of the aircraft.

Other key features of the Scorpion was the usage of decelerons or clamshell-style split ailerons which work as a standard aileron, however, can open up as a dive brake or be utilized as a takeoff/landing flap. Last-minute changes by the Air Force required upgrading the engines and outfitting an afterburner, adding a radar system, fire control system, permanent wingtip fuel tanks, reconfigured nose guns and easy access to lower the entire engine to make for easier maintenance.

The F-89B was an upgraded version of the F-89A, primarily featuring only upgraded avionics. Armament remained standard with six nose-mounted 20 mm cannons. As an interceptor, the F-89B was well suited to have the six nose-mounted cannons which did not require the pilot to have to worry about convergence, especially when flying at higher speeds. The tightly packed cannons concentrated the 20 mm rounds in a tight pattern and when fired in bursts can unleash devastation on both enemy bomber and fighter aircraft, especially suited for head-ons or even strafing runs aimed at the wings or engine sections of the aircraft. While there are only 200 rounds per gun (1,200 total), they are not meant for the pilot to just hold the trigger and spray but instead require a bit of trigger control and fire in short bursts as typically it does not take much to disable or destroy another aircraft.

The F-89B is a fairly large aircraft and can be an easy target for other aircraft, so speed is key to maintain maneuverability and make it difficult for an enemy fighter to get a positive gun solution on the Scorpion. Boom & Zoom tactics will be the best bet for this fighter as while it is a stable flyer when going slow, it, however, will be an easy target and slow maneuvering aircraft without the advantage of speed.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,200 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 999 || 992 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 28.3 || 29.5 || 40.5 || 38.4 || rowspan="2" | 747
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,022 || 1,011 || 27.7 || 28.0 || 59.0 || 49.4
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 554 || 447 || 379 || ~8 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 760 || < 800 || < 700 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Allison J35-A-21B || 2
| colspan="3" | 11,996 kg || colspan="3" | 295 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 17m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 58m fuel
|-
| 1,300 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
| 13,375 kg || 13,567 kg || 14,353 kg || 15,531 kg || 16,593 kg || 16,703 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 17m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 58m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 2,141 kgf || 2,912 kgf
| 0.44 || 0.43 || 0.41 || 0.38 || 0.35 || 0.35
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 2,307 kgf (920 km/h) || 3,255 kgf (800 km/h)
| 0.49 || 0.48 || 0.45 || 0.42 || 0.39 || 0.39
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


The F-89B has two 12.7 mm steel armour plates in the nose and a 60 mm bulletproof windshield. The wing tips will break past the aileron at 920+ km/h (depending on altitude) and will count as a vehicle loss. However, the plane can limp back to base if the pilot: maintain speed/don't turn sharp to avoid a spin, approach the airfield low and straight on, open the air brake to help balance the broken wing, roll the intact wing '''down,''' lower the gear at < 300 km/h then roll back level onto the runway. There the pilot can repair his plane and get back in the fight!

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M24A1 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 6 x 20 mm M24A1 cannons, nose-mounted (200 rpg = 1,200 total)

The F-89B is armed with 6 x M24A1 20 mm cannons in the nose. Although each gun only holds 200 rounds (1,200 total), a well-aimed burst can easily cripple or destroy any air or ground target.

== Usage in battles ==


This aircraft has deadly frontal cannons, but they also have a very high rate of fire, so it is recommended to keep an eye on ammo count through the course of a battle. Air Target belts are the most effective ammunition belt for destroying enemy aircraft and the AP belt for ground units. Usage in ground RB: The F-89B is an effective ground attack aircraft if used correctly. With the 20 mm ammunition belt for armored targets, with 53 mm max penetration, can effectively neutralize most adversary ground units of its battle rating. It can also be used in any game mode as a very potent fighter.

Although fast, this plane has poor rudder authority at high speeds, and this makes high speed boom and zoom attacks more difficult. It's large tail section also makes aiming challenging at times. However, this setup also gives the plane good elevator authority under 800 km/h and especially between 700 and 750 km/h. Above this speed (and below 600 km/h), elevator control also suffers. Although perhaps not comparable to the [[Ho 229 V3|Ho 229]], this plane does have a much better turn rate than the [[Me 262 (Family)|Me 262]]. Finally, the roll rate is moderate. Horizontal axis maneuvers are best conducted rolling the aircraft vertically and turning with the elevator.

This aircraft is prone to wing-ripping above 900 km/h, and when in a dive, it may be necessary to employ the vehicle's very effective air-brakes in order to stay below this speed. It is also important to note that utilizing the afterburner in level flight may cause a fatal accident if speed is not maintained within limits. Wing-rips are also common when concurrently pulling negative G's and rolling.

Thanks to the F-89B's afterburners, it has excellent acceleration, and can out-climb most aircraft at its tier. Its high output engines gives players a huge advantage in the battle-space. Players can exploit its high acceleration and speed. When dog-fighting, the F-89B performs very well in vertical maneuvers. The aircraft's afterburners give the pilot a significant advantage over adversaries without after-burning engines.

===Radars===

The F-89B is equipped with an AN/APG-33 tracking radar, located in the nose of the aircraft.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | AN/APG-33 - Target tracking radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
|-
| 2,000 m || 150 m || ±5° || ±5°
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Six nose-mounted 20 mm cannons
* Good at top down attacks on many ground units
* Excellent for head-on attacks
* Quick acceleration with afterburner
* Dual-engine, flyable with one
* Targeting radar

'''Cons:'''

* Large Profile
* Significant drop in performance with damaged flight surfaces.
* No internal or external payload options (rockets, bombs, etc.)
* Sluggish flight performance compared to common adversaries.

== History ==


Almost immediately after WWII, the Nothrop Corporation began developing an experimental jet fighter-interceptor to meet the new requirements for that class of aircraft. The American interceptor's primary targets were supposed to be Soviet bombers, so the projected model's flight characteristics and armament had to meet this objective. At first the two-seater twin-engine jet was developed to have a rather interesting four gun turret. This turret was to be mounted on the aircraft's nose and could fire on targets either automatically or manually along a vertical plane either forward, up, down or, in some cases, backward. However, when the experimental model of the aircraft was ready, the turret still hadn't undergone testing yet, so the military decided to install traditional static frontal guns on it, as well as HVARs on the wing pylons. It was with this loadout that the Scorpion F-89A and F-89B went into service. The armament was switched exclusively to rockets somewhat later. To make the change to rockets, the designers implemented an interesting solution: Mighty Mouse unguided rockets were installed on the front of the wing-mounted fuel tanks in such a way that the rocket and fuel sections of this part of the design were separated by a fireproof barrier. This also made it possible to install heavier, more destructive HVARs under the wing. The F-89D or "rocket" version of the Scorpion went on to become the most widespread version of the aircraft in the US air force – 682 of them were manufactured.

''- From [[wt:en/news/6371-development-f-89b-and-f-89d-scorpion-jet-bros-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


* [[F-89D]] - Rocket-armed variant of the fighter.

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6371-development-f-89b-and-f-89d-scorpion-jet-bros-en|[Development] F-89B and F-89D Scorpion: Jet Bros]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/463057-f-89b-scorpion/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Northrop}}
{{USA jet aircraft}}
{{USA premium aircraft}}

F-89B

2021-12-12T21:18:21Z

U109777898: /* Description */ duel 20mm Vulcans

{{About
| about = American jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other version
| link = F-89D
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=f-89b
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} American jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]].

The {{PAGENAME}} Scorpion was designed and built to be an all-weather interceptor intended to neutralize any potential invading Soviet bomber force. The USAAF was intent in replacing the [[P-61C-1|P-61 Black Widow]] with another night fighter, one specifically which would fly faster (minimum 850 km/h (530 mph)) almost assuredly requiring the usage of jets, six sixty-calibre machine guns or 20 mm autocannons and armed with internally stored aerial rockets. To round out the aircraft for ground attack if needed, it would also need to accommodate 1,000 lb bombs and eight larger rocket types externally. Initial wind tunnel testing of the fighter determined that the proposed swept-wings were insufficient at slow speeds and were changed out with straight wings. Though causing a loss of high-end performance, increased stability at low speeds was necessary.

Other changes to the horizontal stabilizer also increased the effectiveness of the elevators and rudder. Concerns about the fuel tanks situated right over the engines were nullified when it was determined that efforts made by Northrop to protect them were considered sufficient, anything else would have required a complete redesign of the aircraft.

Other key features of the Scorpion was the usage of decelerons or clamshell-style split ailerons which work as a standard aileron, however, can open up as a dive brake or be utilized as a takeoff/landing flap. Last-minute changes by the Air Force required upgrading the engines and outfitting an afterburner, adding a radar system, fire control system, permanent wingtip fuel tanks, reconfigured nose guns and easy access to lower the entire engine to make for easier maintenance.

The F-89B was an upgraded version of the F-89A, primarily featuring only upgraded avionics. Armament remained standard with six nose-mounted 20 mm cannons. As an interceptor, the F-89B was well suited to have the six nose-mounted cannons which did not require the pilot to have to worry about convergence, especially when flying at higher speeds. The tightly packed cannons concentrated the 20 mm rounds in a tight pattern and when fired in bursts can unleash devastation on both enemy bomber and fighter aircraft, especially suited for head-ons or even strafing runs aimed at the wings or engine sections of the aircraft. While there are only 200 rounds per gun (1,200 total), they are not meant for the pilot to just hold the trigger and spray but instead require a bit of trigger control and fire in short bursts as typically it does not take much to disable or destroy another aircraft.

The F-89B is a fairly large aircraft and can be an easy target for other aircraft, so speed is key to maintain manoeuvrability and make it difficult for an enemy fighter to get a positive gun solution on the Scorpion. Boom & Zoom tactics will be the best bet for this fighter as while it is a stable flyer when going slow, it, however, will be an easy target and slow manoeuvring aircraft without the advantage of speed.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,200 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 999 || 992 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 28.3 || 29.5 || 40.5 || 38.4 || rowspan="2" | 747
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,022 || 1,011 || 27.7 || 28.0 || 59.0 || 49.4
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 554 || 447 || 379 || ~8 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 760 || < 800 || < 700 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Allison J35-A-21B || 2
| colspan="3" | 11,996 kg || colspan="3" | 295 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 17m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 58m fuel
|-
| 1,300 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning axial-flow turbojet
| 13,375 kg || 13,567 kg || 14,353 kg || 15,531 kg || 16,593 kg || 16,703 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 17m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 58m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 2,141 kgf || 2,912 kgf
| 0.44 || 0.43 || 0.41 || 0.38 || 0.35 || 0.35
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 2,307 kgf (920 km/h) || 3,255 kgf (800 km/h)
| 0.49 || 0.48 || 0.45 || 0.42 || 0.39 || 0.39
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


The F-89B has two 12.7 mm steel armour plates in the nose and a 60 mm bulletproof windshield. The wing tips will break past the aileron at 920+ km/h (depending on altitude) and will count as a vehicle loss. However, the plane can limp back to base if the pilot: maintain speed/don't turn sharp to avoid a spin, approach the airfield low and straight on, open the air brake to help balance the broken wing, roll the intact wing '''down,''' lower the gear at < 300 km/h then roll back level onto the runway. There the pilot can repair his plane and get back in the fight!

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M24A1 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 20 mm Vulcan cannons, nose-mounted (200 rpg = 1,200 total)

The F-89B is armed with 6 x M24A1 20 mm cannons in the nose. Although each gun only holds 200 rounds (1,200 total), a well-aimed burst can easily cripple or destroy any air or ground target.

== Usage in battles ==


This aircraft has deadly frontal cannons, but they also have a very high rate of fire, so it is recommended to keep an eye on ammo count through the course of a battle. Air Target belts are the most effective ammunition belt for destroying enemy aircraft and the AP belt for ground units. Usage in ground RB: The F-89B is an effective ground attack aircraft if used correctly. With the 20 mm ammunition belt for armored targets, with 53 mm max penetration, can effectively neutralize most adversary ground units of its battle rating. It can also be used in any game mode as a very potent fighter.

Although fast, this plane has poor rudder authority at high speeds, and this makes high speed boom and zoom attacks more difficult. It's large tail section also makes aiming challenging at times. However, this setup also gives the plane good elevator authority under 800 km/h and especially between 700 and 750 km/h. Above this speed (and below 600 km/h), elevator control also suffers. Although perhaps not comparable to the [[Ho 229 V3|Ho 229]], this plane does have a much better turn rate than the [[Me 262 (Family)|Me 262]]. Finally, the roll rate is moderate. Horizontal axis maneuvers are best conducted rolling the aircraft vertically and turning with the elevator.

This aircraft is prone to wing-ripping above 900 km/h, and when in a dive, it may be necessary to employ the vehicle's very effective air-brakes in order to stay below this speed. It is also important to note that utilizing the afterburner in level flight may cause a fatal accident if speed is not maintained within limits. Wing-rips are also common when concurrently pulling negative G's and rolling.

Thanks to the F-89B's afterburners, it has excellent acceleration, and can out-climb most aircraft at its tier. Its high output engines gives players a huge advantage in the battle-space. Players can exploit its high acceleration and speed. When dog-fighting, the F-89B performs very well in vertical maneuvers. The aircraft's afterburners give the pilot a significant advantage over adversaries without after-burning engines.

===Radars===

The F-89B is equipped with an AN/APG-33 tracking radar, located in the nose of the aircraft.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="4" | AN/APG-33 - Target tracking radar
|-
! {{Annotation|Maximum Tracking Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}
! {{Annotation|Minimum Tracking Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}
|-
| 2,000 m || 150 m || ±5° || ±5°
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Six nose-mounted 20 mm cannons
* Good at top down attacks on many ground units
* Excellent for head-on attacks
* Quick acceleration with afterburner
* Dual-engine, flyable with one
* Targeting radar

'''Cons:'''

* Large Profile
* Significant drop in performance with damaged flight surfaces.
* No internal or external payload options (rockets, bombs, etc.)
* Sluggish flight performance compared to common adversaries.

== History ==


Almost immediately after WWII, the Nothrop Corporation began developing an experimental jet fighter-interceptor to meet the new requirements for that class of aircraft. The American interceptor's primary targets were supposed to be Soviet bombers, so the projected model's flight characteristics and armament had to meet this objective. At first the two-seater twin-engine jet was developed to have a rather interesting four gun turret. This turret was to be mounted on the aircraft's nose and could fire on targets either automatically or manually along a vertical plane either forward, up, down or, in some cases, backward. However, when the experimental model of the aircraft was ready, the turret still hadn't undergone testing yet, so the military decided to install traditional static frontal guns on it, as well as HVARs on the wing pylons. It was with this loadout that the Scorpion F-89A and F-89B went into service. The armament was switched exclusively to rockets somewhat later. To make the change to rockets, the designers implemented an interesting solution: Mighty Mouse unguided rockets were installed on the front of the wing-mounted fuel tanks in such a way that the rocket and fuel sections of this part of the design were separated by a fireproof barrier. This also made it possible to install heavier, more destructive HVARs under the wing. The F-89D or "rocket" version of the Scorpion went on to become the most widespread version of the aircraft in the US air force – 682 of them were manufactured.

''- From [[wt:en/news/6371-development-f-89b-and-f-89d-scorpion-jet-bros-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


* [[F-89D]] - Rocket-armed variant of the fighter.

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6371-development-f-89b-and-f-89d-scorpion-jet-bros-en|[Development] F-89B and F-89D Scorpion: Jet Bros]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/463057-f-89b-scorpion/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Northrop}}
{{USA jet aircraft}}
{{USA premium aircraft}}

Yak-3 (VK-107)

2021-12-12T21:15:24Z

U109777898: /* Description */ 20mm vulcan

{{About
| about = Soviet premium fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Yak-3 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=yak-3_vk107
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.51 "Cold Steel"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,900 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 694 || 677 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 19.6 || 20.5 || 19.2 || 19.2 || rowspan="2" | 360
|-
! Upgraded
| 740 || 719 || 18.8 || 18.9 || 28.2 || 23.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || 280 || ~11 || ~8
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 380 || < 420 || < 490 || > 400
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}
[[File:Armour Diagram of the Yak-3 (VK-107).png|thumb|478x478px|Armour Diagram of the Yak-3 (VK-107), corresponds to the list on the left]]


# 8.5 mm Steel - Pilot's seat armour
# 64 mm Bulletproof Glass - Shield behind the pilot's head
# 10 mm Steel - Armour above the pilot's head

;Critical components

* Self-sealing fuel tanks are located in the wings' root.
* All other critical components are located on the central airframe:
** The engine is at the front of the plane with the armament.
** Oil and liquid cooling systems are located in the belly, under the pilot.

The {{PAGENAME}} does not have either bulletproof windshield glass or engine protection plate. This makes head-on engagements ill-advised: even if the pilot manages to survive, the in-line engine cannot take much punishment. The overall durability of the plane is poor, as can be expected for a light aircraft. Large fuel tanks are located in the roots of the wings and easily set alight by any incoming bullets. The airframe itself is easily torn apart by heavy machine guns and cannons. Use the Yak-3's manoeuvrability and speed to avoid getting hit in the first place.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|B-20M (20 mm)|B-20S (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 20 mm Vulcan cannon, nose-mounted (120 rpg)
* 20 mm Vulcan cannon, nose-mounted (120 rpg)

The B-20M cannon is located in the engine shaft while the B-20S cannon is mounted above the engine offset to the left. The {{PAGENAME}} sports one less cannon than the Yak-3P. With only 2 x 20 mm cannons, the offensive armament is clearly lacking for a plane at this battle rating.

;Belt composition

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF|High-explosive fragmentation}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}
* '''Ground targets:''' {{Annotation|HEF|High-explosive fragmentation}}{{-}}{{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
* '''Tracers:''' {{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}
* '''Armoured targets:''' {{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
* '''Stealth:''' {{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF|High-explosive fragmentation}}{{-}}{{Annotation|FI|Fragmentation incendiary}}

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fantastic rate of climb (comparable to [[J2M3]]/[[J2M5|5]], [[Bf 109 K-4]], [[Spitfire LF Mk IX]], [[Spitfire F Mk 24]], and [[P-51H-5-NA|P-51H]])
* Excellent turn rate and good roll rate
* Controls are very responsive at most speeds
* Amazing acceleration when below 5,000 m (16,400 ft), it's even better than some early jets
* Excellent energy retention in manoeuvres and in general
* Very good top speed below 6 km altitude
* Small, fast, and agile target; makes it good at defensive manoeuvres
* Flaps deploy and retract quickly
* Nose-mounted armament, allows for precision at longer ranges without need of convergence
* May survive being set on fire once
* Armour configuration makes pilot snipes less likely when being chased

'''Cons:'''

* Low top speed in a dive, the plane rips past 720 km/h IAS (450 mph)
* Control stiffening occurs at high speeds
* Fully deployed flaps break past 280 km/h IAS (175 mph)
* Engine performance is nothing special when above 6,000 m (19,600 ft)
* Engine overheats over 96% throttle, use 95% or less to cool down the engine
* Radiators eventually open at high throttle settings, adding significant drag
* Mediocre manoeuvrability at low speeds
* Low ammo count, only 120 rounds per gun with high rate of fire
* Guns are weak compared to most 20 mm cannons used by other nations

== History ==


The idea to produce a new fighter for the Red Army Air Force went as far back as 1941. It was then that the Yakovlev Design Bureau presented the I-30 prototype, intended an alternative to the earlier Yak-1 design. However, the German invasion of the USSR, as well as aluminium shortages, meant that the project had to be put on hold. Yakovlev resumed the development in 1943 while working on an upgraded version of the Yak-1 fighter. This time, it was decided that a new aircraft should be produced to completely replace the Yak-1 and Yak-7 models.

By September 1943, yet another improved variant was ready, designated Yak-1M Dubler, on which the canvas skin on the tail section was replaced with 2mm plywood, and oil and water radiators were improved. The Dubler also had a new mastless antenna, a ring sight instead of a reflector sight, improved armour and a new propeller. Test pilots were impressed by the new prototype. Their report stated in part: "''Yak-1M possessed excellent horizontal, and especially vertical, manoeuvrability. Top speed greatly improved compared to earlier serial-production Yaks. Despite the improved performance, the aircraft remains easy to fly and does not require extensive pilot training''."

The new machine was dubbed as the Yak-3 and entered service with the Red Army Air Force in 1944. The Yak-3 was a further modification of the Yak-1, produced in 1944 and 1945, with a total of 4,848 built, and considered one of the best fighters of the war.

The new fighter quickly became very popular with Soviet pilots. They highly praised its solid armament of two Berezin UBS 12.7 mm machine guns and one ShVAK 20 mm cannon as well as ease of piloting and superb low-altitude performance. Marcel Albert, the top scoring French ace of World War II, cited the Yak-3 as one of the best fighters of the war, along with the P-51 Mustang and the Supermarine Spitfire. After the war, the Yak-3 was also used by the Air Forces of Socialist Yugoslavia and Poland.<ref name="forum">[https://warthunder.com/en/news/2693--en <nowiki>[Aircraft Profile] Yak-3</nowiki>]</ref>

The Yak-3P was produced from April 1945 until mid-1946, armed with 3 × 20 mm Berezin B-20 cannon with 120 rounds for the middle cannon and 130 RPG for the side weapons. The three-cannon armament with full ammunition load was actually 11 kg (24 lb) lighter than that of a standard Yak-3, and the one-second burst mass of 3.52 kg (7.74 lb) was greater than that of most contemporary fighters. Starting in August 1945, all Yak-3 were produced in the Yak-3P configuration with a total of 596 built.

=== In-game description ===
The Yak-3 was a Soviet single-engine fighter of the WWII era. It was the first combat aircraft designed by Alexander Yakovlev's construction bureau. The Yak-3 was a further modification of the Yak-1, produced in 1944 and 1945, with a total of 4,848 built, and considered one of the best fighters of the war. In February 1943, a new Yak-1M variant was completed. It was a further development of the Yak-1, differing from it mainly in lower weight and smaller wing span.

By September 1943, yet another improved variant was ready, designated Yak-1M Dubler, on which the canvas skin on the tail section was replaced with 2mm plywood, and oil and water radiators were improved. The Dubler also had a new mastless antenna, a ring sight instead of a reflector sight, improved armor and a new propeller. Test pilots were impressed by the new prototype. Their report stated in part: "Yak-1M possessed excellent horizontal, and especially vertical, maneuverability. Top speed greatly improved compared to earlier serial-production Yaks. Despite improved performance, the aircraft remains easy to fly and does not require extensive pilot training." Therefore, the new modification went into production, receiving a new designation, Yak-3.

One of the most memorable air battles for the Yak-3 took place on 16th July 1944, when the plane showed it could confidently engage superior enemy forces. On that day, 10 Yak-3s met 8 Bf-109s and 4 FW-190s, with the battle eventually growing to 18 Soviet and 24 German planes. In the end, 15 German planes were shot down, for the loss of a single Yak-3.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=yak-3_vk107 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/250143-yakovlev-yak-3-vk-107a/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

=== References ===
<references />

{{AirManufacturer Yakovlev}}
{{USSR fighters}}
{{USSR premium aircraft}}

Su-11

2021-12-12T21:11:37Z

U109777898: /* Description */

{{Specs-Card
|code=su-11
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 917 || 892 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 24.2 || 25.7 || 25.3 || 25.3 || rowspan="2" | 900
|-
! Upgraded
| 958 || 940 || 23.8 || 24.0 || 41.4 || 33.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 558 || 529 || 380 || ~11 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 480 || < 580 || < 660 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | A.Lulka TR-1 || 2
| colspan="3" | 4,752 kg || colspan="2" | 297 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 35m fuel
|-
| 760 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 5,306 kg || 5,805 kg || 6,331 kg || 6,598 kg || 6,650 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 35m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 1,306 kgf || N/A
| 0.49 || 0.45 || 0.41 || 0.40 || 0.39
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 1,306 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.49 || 0.45 || 0.41 || 0.40 || 0.39
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 6 mm steel above pilot's head
* 12 mm steel headrest
* 12 mm steel behind pilot
* 15 mm steel behind frontal fuel tank
* 15 mm steel in front of armament
* 90 mm bulletproof glass in front of pilot
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 cleaver-shaped one behind pilot, 1 cleaver-shaped one in front of pilot)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|N-37 (37 mm)|NS-23 (23 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 20 mm mini Vulcan cannon, nose-mounted (40 rpg)
* 20 mm Vulcan cannons, nose-mounted (100 rpg = 200 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|FAB-250M-46 (250 kg)|FAB-500M-46 (500 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 1 x 250 kg FAB-250M-46 bomb (250 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg FAB-250M-46 bombs (500 kg total)
* 1 x 500 kg FAB-500M-46 bomb (500 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==

The Su-11 can easily be one of the best aircraft at its battle rating. Its primary strength is the excellent acceleration, compared to contemporary jets. It has excellent energy retention (ER) and average to good manoeuvring energy retention (MER).

In general, the best tactic with the Su-11 is to play to its strengths, as with any vehicle; In the Su-11's case, particularly its acceleration and ER can be exploited. Take off from the airfield, and level out quickly. Don't bother gaining initial altitude, jet engines particularly early jet engines, accelerate better at sea level. Turn at least 30 degrees away from the center of the map, and build up speed. It is recommended to build up to about 725 km/h - 805 km/h (450 mph to 500 mph), then place the aircraft into a 20-30 degree zoom climb (steady-state climbing is possible in this aircraft, but like most early jets, zoom climbing is most efficient).

This will take the Su-11 well above 3.5 km, usually closer to 5 km. Dive on unsuspecting enemies, particularly aircraft that don't manoeuvre well, and once they are destroyed, begin a 20-30 degree zoom climb to regain your lost altitude. The energy retention is excellent, and you can typically regain all your lost altitude, if not gain on top of it. Usually enemies on the Su-11 tail can be out-accelerated, which causes most players to lose interest in engaging and break off the chase, even if their aircraft's top speed is higher than the Su-11.

Manoeuvrability is average, but certainly not poor. The Su-11's manoeuvring energy retention is excellent, If forced to dogfight and the opponent vehicle has similar manoeuvrability, simply drain them of their energy with long, sweeping movements.

While the Su-11's armament packs a punch, excellent marksmanship is an absolute necessity, given the low ammo pool of only 200 23 mm rounds and 40 37 mm rounds. In addition it has a relatively low rate of fire (on both cannons). The rounds are also relatively low velocity (especially the 37 mm round). However, the rounds are extremely powerful, with the 37 mm round able to destroy heavy bombers with a couple of well placed hits, and the 23 mm round able to destroy lighter aircraft with 1-2 hits. The best option is to get as close as possible before opening fire to ensure that the enemy plane gets knocked out.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent manoeuvrability
* Good acceleration for an early jet
* Fast aircraft
* Heavy armament

'''Cons:'''

* Engines overheat quickly at 100% power
* Low ammo pool
* Low rate of fire, relatively low velocity (particularly the 37 mm) cannons

== History ==

The Su-9 was an early Soviet jet fighter built using knowledge and parts derived from the German Me 262 jet fighter.

The Su-11 was a project in 1946 to mount Yakovlev versions of the RD-10F engines in the Su-9 jet fighter. After testing the Su-9 in the wind tunnel, it was found that engines mounted in the wings rather than underneath reduced drag and that the wingtips also needed a redesign. As such, the Su-11 received a completely redesigned wing and before completion it was also received the Lyulka TR-1 turbojet engines. The two engines produced 2,865 lbf of thrust each for 5930 lbf of thrust total.

The Su-11 first flew on 28 May 1947, demonstrating a maximum speed of 940 km/h at sea level. Unfortunately, the design had a bad longitudinal stability and even modifications to the wing engine nacelles did not solve the issue. Because of these issues, the Su-11 programme was cancelled and did not enter production.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=su-11 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|1nCwVACmDQw|'''The Shooting Range #247''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:25 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/521170-su-11/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Sukhoi}}
{{USSR jet aircraft}}
{{USSR premium aircraft}}