War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

15 cm Pz.W.42

2022-03-28T17:08:56Z

U108381718:

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_panzerwerfer_42
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} German tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.53 "Firestorm"]]. A marked gun sight for the rocket launcher was [[wt:en/game/changelog/current/1229|added shortly after]] Update "Ixwa Strike".

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, rocket launcher mount)
* Structural steel (rocket launcher tubes, undercarriage)
* Wheel (front tires)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 8 mm (6°) ''Engine compartment'' 8 mm (32°) ''Driver cabin''|| 8 mm (31-35°) ''Top'' 8 mm (37°) ''Bottom'' 8 mm (52°) ''Engine vents'' 8 mm + 8 mm (37°) ''Storage bins'' || 8 mm (35°) || 8 mm (7°) ''Engine compartment'' 8 mm
|-
| Rocket launcher || N/A || 10 mm ''Launcher mount'' 8 mm ''Tubes'' || 10 mm ''Launcher mount'' || 8 mm ''Tubes''
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 6 mm thick while tracks are 8 mm thick and torsion bars are 5 mm thick.
* Wheels are 10 mm thick and mudguards are 4 mm thick.
* The belly armour is 8 mm thick.

Armour used on this vehicle is fairly typical of other armoured half-tracks, enough to block rifle-calibre machine guns from most angles, but practically non-existent against any anti-tank weapon. While the large radiator and engine can soak up shrapnel from small HE shells, large shells with a high explosive content can destroy your vehicle quickly with the overpressure damage mechanic.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=97|rbMinHp=60}}

The {{PAGENAME}} has decent mobility for a half-track: it is quick enough to get where you want to or behind cover when in trouble. The top reverse speed is -8 km/h (RB).

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Wgr.41 Spr}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Wgr.41 Spr|150 mm Wgr.41 Spr rocket]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 20 || rowspan="2" | -7°/+40° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 13.2 || 18.3 || 22.2 || 24.6 || 26.1 || rowspan="2" | 23.40 || rowspan="2" | 20.70 || rowspan="2" | 19.08 || rowspan="2" | 18.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 8.9 || 10.5 || 12.8 || 14.1 || 15.0
|-
|}

This rocket launcher is mounted to the rear of the vehicle in a 2x5 array, allowing for ten rockets ready to fire.

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| Wgr.41 Spr || Rocket || 27 || 27 || 27 || 27 || 27 || 27
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| Wgr.41 Spr || Rocket || 340 || 34.15 || 0 || 0.1 || 2,150 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
|}
There is currently only one ammunition choice for the Pz.W.42. These rockets are heavy and have very high drop, leading to curved firing arcs.

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''20''' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* Rockets deplete from left to right, top row first and then bottom row.
* It is not possible to select how many rockets to bring into battle.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|MG42 (7.92 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[MG42 (7.92 mm)|7.92 mm MG42]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 2,500 (150) || 1,200 || -5°/+25° || ±45°
|-
|}

A single MG42 is mounted over the driver compartment. It has a limited traverse but a very fast rate of fire. Its low calibre means that the gun is only really effective against very lightly-armoured enemy ground vehicles or aircraft. The MG can also be used to mark enemies during reloading periods or range targets for the rocket launchers. Because of the mount position, the machine gun is able to fire over cover, while the Pz.W.42 stays completely hidden. This can be used to destroy enemies like the [[GAZ-MM (72-K)]] without any worry of dangerous return fire.

The MG42 has a loud and distinct sound, alongside bright tracer rounds. Use this gun only for emergency self-defense or against specific targets of opportunity. The MG42 can attract unnecessary attention toward the lightly-armoured vehicle, exposing its position to enemy snipers and attack aircraft.

== Usage in battles ==


The {{PAGENAME}} is a lightly armoured vehicle and can be played as a long-distance tank destroyer or an ambusher.

'''Long Range'''

The first strategy takes advantage of your devastating firepower to disable opponents while staying at a distance, guaranteeing your survivability. The heavy 15 cm Wurfgranate 41 rockets are similar to large-calibre HE shells in damage performance, due to the amount of high-explosive filler. Like HE rounds, these rockets don't lose penetration power over distance. With this advantage, a Pz.W.42 can be used as a mobile artillery piece. The gun sight allows the Panzerwerfer to set an elevation distance to fire at.

One disadvantage of the rockets is that they are extremely heavy, and the rocket drop arc may be tricky for new players to learn. Players may attempt to aim directly at an enemy situated at a reasonable distance away, launch a rocket, and then watch that rocket harmlessly impact the ground far in front of the target. Gain a lot of practice in order to get used to the rocket arcs. Experienced players can consistently hit targets at range and can even be able to launch rockets over hills at unsuspecting enemies. Targeting enemies beyond 1,500 m may require the use of the sight distance control feature or the player may not be able to keep their eyes on the target to make necessary aim corrections.

Another disadvantage of the rockets is that they are naturally inaccurate. Players may need two or three rockets to ensure the destruction of an enemy vehicle. Launch delay is short, but the Pz.W.42 only has ten ready at a time. Keep in mind that terrain irregularities will slow you down and hinder your movement. Position your vehicle carefully when sitting at a shooting spot to be able to hide as soon as you are forced to reload. If your position is compromised, enemy snipers, artillery, and aircraft may be coming your way.

'''Close Range'''

The Pz.W.42's armour isn't strong enough to resist heavy machine gun fire within 500 m, but its rear weapon layout allows you to expose only a small part of your vehicle toward the enemy. In urban combat, the Panzerwerfer can set up excellent ambush positions.

One strategy is to place yourself behind hard cover between buildings close to a perpendicular street. When an enemy vehicle passes by, you can fire a rocket or two into the side of it. You can drag destroyed vehicles to create cover if none exists.

Another strategy is to place yourself at the end of a narrow street behind hard cover. When an enemy vehicle advances up the street, you can fire a few rockets to destroy it. Rangefind the end of the street to know how much to elevate the launcher. Keep in mind that items like street signs, street lights and small trees in the way may detonate the rocket before it impacts the intended target. You can clear these obstacles by driving over them or shooting them with the [[MG42 (7.92 mm)|MG42]].

'''Notable enemies'''

With its thin armour, any enemy can knock out the 15 cm Pz.W.42, but some stand out for being particularly dangerous:

* The [[Ho-I]], [[StuH 42 G]], [[Sav m/43 (1946)]], [[Chi-Ha LG]] and any other vehicle that can use HEAT or high-calibre HE rounds. These shells can easily overpressure your crew and/or detonate your ammo racks.
* [[M4A3 (105)]] - First of all, this American medium tank carries a [[M4 (105 mm)|105 mm M4 howitzer]] that can fire both HE and HEAT rounds. These can demolish the Pz.W.42 in one shot. Second of all, the tank carries a powerful [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|.50 cal M2HB]] (12.7 mm) heavy machine gun on the roof. This gun can easily penetrate the Pz.W.42, even at range, knocking out essential crew members quickly. Last of all, the M4A3 (105)'s armour is thick for the tier, which may allow it to absorb a few shots before destruction.
** When facing this vehicle, attempt to flank it to fire at the weaker side armour on the hull. If aimed carefully, a few rockets can be fired to destroy the barrel, the roof machine gun, and the tracks to stop the vehicle from both moving and firing back. In some cases hitting the roof above the driver and coaxial machine gunner can cause ammunition detonations if the enemy brought a full load of ammunition. France also uses the [[M4A3 (105) (France)|M4A3 (105)]], so be prepared to face it when France is on the enemy team, double, if the Allies are together.
* SPAA. These can shower you continuously with bullets and even detonate your rockets in flight. While they can be easily destroyed with mg fire or a single rocket, SPAAs can demolish the Pz.W.42 in mere seconds. Take specific note of the [[M15 CGMC]], [[M16 MGMC]], [[ZiS-12 (94-KM)]], [[BTR-152A]], [[AEC AA]], [[So-Ki]], [[CCKW 353 AA]], [[LVT-4/40]], and [[Lvtdgb m/40]]. A few have armour thick enough to stop 7.62 mm rounds.

'''How to defeat a {{PAGENAME}}'''

* It is ill-advised to attack the 15 cm Pz.W.42 frontally when it has rockets loaded. Only engage it once all rockets have been launched and before the Panzerwerfer 42 gets back behind cover.
* If the Panzerwerfer is lurking at a good distance, you can progress under cover towards it. Be aware that rockets have a curved trajectory, so pick your cover accordingly.
* If the Pz.W.42's position is known on the map, artillery strikes and/or airstrikes can get rid of it easily.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fast reload for ten large-calibre rockets
* Easy to aim from long range with the gun sight
* Will deal huge amounts of damage to SPAA and light tanks due to the large blast radius
* High explosive mass for rockets will cripple armoured targets due to overpressure
* Weapon positions allow it to fire from behind cover
* Can fire over hills due to the rocket launch arcs
* Rocket arcs can be used to hit normally inaccessible weakpoints.
* Rockets are capable of destroying heavily armored targets through their roofs, such as the [[Churchill I]] and [[M4A3 (105)|M4A3 (105).]]

'''Cons:'''

* Poor penetration (~40 mm)
* Thin armour leads to the vehicle being vulnerable to heavy machine gun fire
* Rocket launch arcs can be hard to learn
* Turret rotation is relatively slow
* Low crew count can lead to the vehicle and essential positions (driver, gunner) being knocked out easily

== History ==


=== Development ===
Production of the 15 cm Pz.W.42 (15 cm Nb.W.41) auf Sf. started in 1942 by the Opel company, based on the Maultier half track. It was built in series from April 1943 to March 1944, together with the accompanying ammunition vehicle, the Sd.Kfz. 4 Munitionskraftwagen.

Similar to the Soviet [[BM-13N]] "Katyusha" launcher, the Pz.W.42 was used in mass barrage attacks on enemy positions. Also like the Katyusha, the loud, distinct sound of the rockets firing had additional psychological effects. The Panzerwerfer 42 and the related Nebelwerfer launcher gained the nickname "Moaning Minnie" by Allied troops for this reason. Large amounts of these launchers were used throughout 1944 and 1945 on both the Eastern and Western fronts in actions like the Battle of the Bulge and defense of Berlin.

In total, Opel produced 296 Panzerwerfer 42 launchers and 251 Sd.Kfz. 4 ammunition vehicles.

=== In-game description ===
A modified Nb.Wf.41 ten-barreled rocket-propelled mine-thrower was installed on the adapted chassis of an Opel Maultier tractor trailer enclosed in armour. It was developed in 1942. During its production from 1943 to 1944 about 300 mounts were released. They were widely used by the Wehrmacht. Due to the use of a mine-stabilization system based on rotation, a higher degree of accuracy and lower spread was achieved than that of rocket-propelled projectiles with tailfin stabilization systems.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_panzerwerfer_42 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="200">
File:PZ-4 F2 alongside 15 cm Pz.W.42.jpg|[[Pz.IV F2]] alongside a {{PAGENAME}}
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|MszMm5Kd6bI|'''Something you don't expect to see when looking at vehicles ammo: {{PAGENAME}}''' - ''HowToPlay1337''|QnXSX0BzSO8|'''Panzerwerfer 42 Tank Review''' - ''NUSensei''}}

== See also ==


;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[Calliope]]
* [[BM-13N]]
* [[BM-8-24]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/devblog/current/814|[Devblog] T25 Medium Tank and Panzerwerfer 42 Auf.Sf]]
* [[wikipedia:Panzerwerfer|[Wikipedia] Panzerwerfer]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/nazi_germany/SdKfz-4_Panzerwerfer.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Sd.Kfz.4 Panzerwerfer]

{{Germany tank destroyers}}
{{Germany premium ground vehicles}}
[[Category:Half-tracks]]

FIAT 6614

2022-03-11T20:58:51Z

U108381718: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=it_fiat_6614_106sr
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull)
* Gun steel (gun barrel, MG)
* Wheel (tires)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 8 mm (30-46°) ''Driver viewport'' 8 mm (70-81°) ''Upper Glacis'' 8 mm (52°) ''Lower Glacis'' || 8 mm (21-45°) ''Top'' 5 mm (12-20°) ''Radiator vents'' 8 mm (25-33°) ''Bottom'' 8 mm ''Wheelwells'' || 8 mm (17°) ''Upper plate'' 8 mm (43°) ''Lower plate'' || 8 mm (9-20°) ''Front Glacis'' 8 mm ''Crew compartment''
|-
| Gun mount || colspan="4" style="text-align:center" | 8 mm
|-
| Cupola || colspan="4" style="text-align:center" | 8 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* All windows are 8 mm thick.
* The tires are 10 mm thick.
* The belly is 8 mm thick.

The {{PAGENAME}} has almost no armour, like other vehicles in the Italian tree, and with that very low survivability. Anything that hits a side shot will knock out at least one crew member, while a frontal or rear shot will incapacitate a minimum of 3 crew, enough to take the player back to the hangar.

The average effective thickness changes depending on where the {{PAGENAME}} is shot from. At the front, it ranges from 15-20 mm thick, although the front-facing window of the driver's hatch does only give 9 mm of armour between a machine gun round and the driver. While a 7.62 mm round will only penetrate at close range, a 12.7 mm heavy machine gun round will only fail to penetrate that window at over a kilometre away. Considering the car's most valuable advantage is its ability to get to good positions fast, an incapacitated driver will ruin the {{PAGENAME}}'s chances in the match.

The side's obvious weak spots are the grills near the front that are only 5mm thick. Considering that the vehicle has a hexagon-shaped cross-section if sliced from left to right, the upper plate of the slanted side offers 9 mm of protection after the grill and 10-12mm around and in front of the grill. The lower side plate gives a whole new world of armour with a minimum thickness of 10mm everywhere, which means at least the 7.62 mm machine guns can't penetrate the car through there. The doors have the same thickness as the rest of the sides.

On the back, there's one slanted plate that is 8 mm at the top which increases to 14 mm at the bottom. Again, like the sides, the door doesn't have a different thickness. Also, the gun is very easy to disable as it has a maximum effective thickness of 88 mm, which all tanks at this BR will be able to penetrate and disable in one shot.

This tank is still very vulnerable to strafing aircraft. Bombs and rockets also deal heavy damage if the {{PAGENAME}} is standing in their destruction radius.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=225|rbMinHp=128}}

The {{PAGENAME}}'s mobility is very good. The fastest speeds it can reach will depend on the terrain: on a track like the ones on Sinai, the {{PAGENAME}} can easily reach 60 or 70 km/h, and driving on an actual road or going downhill it will reach the 80's or 90's; but on a grassy field, it may only reach up to 45 km/h. Due to the {{PAGENAME}} being a wheeled car, going through sand, snow or a small uphill will trickle away its speed. The wheeled construction means the FIAT also cannot neutral steer, but it does have a small turning circle (tank-sized) and it can turn in this circle at 23 km/h.

When reversing the {{PAGENAME}} has good acceleration as well, reaching -10 km/h after about 3 seconds and will get to -20 by the fourth second.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Cannone da 106 s.r.M40A1 (106 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[Cannone da 106 s.r.M40A1 (106 mm)|106 mm Cannone da 106 s.r.M40A1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 17 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+12° || rowspan="2" | ±360° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 9.5 || 13.2 || 16.0 || 17.7 || 18.8 || rowspan="2" | 13.00 || rowspan="2" | 11.50 || rowspan="2" | 10.60 || rowspan="2" | 10.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 6.0 || 7.0 || 8.5 || 9.4 || 10.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| M344A1 || HEAT || 433 || 433 || 433 || 433 || 433 || 433
|-
| M361A1 || HESH || 152 || 152 || 152 || 152 || 152 || 152
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| M344A1 || HEAT || 502 || 10 || 0 || 0.01 || 1,650 || 65° || 72° || 77°
|-
| M361A1 || HESH || 498 || 10 || 0.1 || 4 || 5,040 || 73° || 77° || 80°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''17''' || 11 ''(+6)'' || 9 ''(+8)'' || 7 ''(+10)'' || 3 ''(+14)'' || 1 ''(+16)'' || No
|-
|}
Notes:

* Rounds are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.
* Full ammo load should be brought for the cannon because running out of shells is very common in this vehicle.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}

{{main|M80 (12.7 mm)}}

The M80 is a spotting machine gun attached to the M40A1 recoilless rifle. The low velocity of its projectiles and limited capacity make it ineffective against enemy ground vehicles, only being able to effectively damage exposed crew members. However, the ballistics of the weapon are aligned with the gun's ballistics, meaning that it can be used to range a target, rather than using the rangefinding skill.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M80 (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M80]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 120 (5) || 300 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


Ground RB/SB/AB

The FIAT is a light tank destroyer with extremely potent anti-tank grenades that are almost guaranteed to slice through any armoured foe. Never put yourself on the front lines as your armour is not up to the task against anything heavier than .30 calibre machine gun fire, so striking from the shadows is the best option. One of the main upsides is that you don't have an actual gunner who exposes themselves to fire, meaning all you have to do is find a great position and remain hull-down. Getting to said position is fairly easy if you are on a map with easily accessible roads. The FIAT 6614 will manage to reach its top speed and overtake most of the vehicles at its battle rating, use your speed to your absolute advantage, with the FIAT 6614, to maximize your effectiveness on the battlefield, you need to be in places were regular enemies won't suspect vehicles to be shot at from. Another great feature that the FIAT 6614 has access to is the scouting mechanic. Scouting will allow you to earn even more points, whilst also providing great intel for your teammates to take advantage of. Due to the excellent penetration of the both HEAT and HESH rounds, this tank destroyer is best played pointing and shooting at the target, not minding weak spots, especially due to the overpressure damage mechanic. Although some tanks will be able to survive one or two shots, generally speaking you should make quick work of anyone you encounter. If you get spotted, you should quickly disengage and move to a new spot where enemies will again not suspect you shooting from, to disengage you can use smoke grenades to cover your retreat for a short while. Always remember to stay at a safe distance, as previously mentioned you wont be able to withstand much, if anything. You'll be at the mercy of artillery strikes and enemy aircraft. It's recommended to take cover inside a building or behind a natural obstacle that will protect you from such threats. Also keep in mind that in Arcade Battles, enemies can easily find out where you are located with the nametag and are able to quickly find out where your weak spots are.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 106 mm HESH is enough to one-shot most enemy vehicles, aside from some heavy tanks
* 106 mm HEAT-FS is generally capable of frontally penning all heavier tanks at its BR, including Jumbo Shermans, King Tigers, and IS-2s
* 360-degree turret transverse
* Fast on road
* Small target, easy to hide
* The gun mounting allows you to hide the entire hull behind cover while still having the gun above cover, allowing you to engage enemies with nothing but the gun exposed
* Can swim

'''Cons:'''

* Very thin armour, vulnerable to machine gun fire, artillery and strafing
* Bad off-road speed

== History ==


The Fiat 6614 was an APC joint venture between Fiat and OTO Melara. Post-war Italy had realized the need of having light vehicles that could easily be deployed at long distances to further support the front-line troops, without actually being in the front-line. The Fiat 6614 was specifically made to fill in the requirements of the many military and para-military organizations, where some form of mobile armoured protection is required for personnel. The first prototype was made in 1972, which underwent many changes, both aesthetic and armament-wise. An example would be such as the Fiat 6614 having access to a dual .50 cal turret, which would be ultimately removed after testing. Fiat would be in charge of the engine and the automotive components while OTO Melara was in charge of the hull and weapon system. The Fiat 6614 would be outfitted with an IVECO 8062.24 diesel engine, this allowed the Fiat 6614 to reach speeds of 100 km/h. It had a max crew of 3, but being a APC, could carry up to 10 soldiers at once. One of its staple abilities was the fact that it could be amphibious (propulsion once in the water was provided by the road wheels), which further allowed it to push itself into it being a multi-role vehicle. There was plenty of optional equipment available for the Fiat 6614, such as: recovery winch, night vision equipment, smoke grenade discharges and also an air conditioning system. Armament-wise, due to its weight, it couldn't really support heavy loads (primarily also why the Fiat 6616 was made), this didn't stop it from having a few armaments installed, one of the more obscure variants being one with a FIROS-6 rocket launcher. It's good to note that it was also marketed as a mortar carrier, medi-vac ambulance and also a reconnaissance vehicle.

This FIAT 6614 is a further development prototype for anti heavy armoured target purposes by mounting a 106 mm M40A1 recoilless rifle forward of the commander's position on the turret roof. It was only a one-off, as far as we know of, which members of the Italian military would use to evaluate its effectiveness on the field. Ultimately it wasn't picked up due to other vehicles in the Italian army being much better candidates, and also due to the M40A1 recoilless rifle getting more and more obsolete. It was able to fire M40A1 standard munitions, such as HEAT and HESH, and the rounds would be stored near the backside of the vehicle.

In terms of service, the Italian Fiat 6614 is still technically in service, inside of the 'Polizia di Stato' (State police), mainly used for riot control and during natural disasters where its amphibious abilities can come in handy. Other times it was used would be when the Italian Army deployed a number of Fiat 6614's to Bosnia and Somalia, for safekeeping. They had a huge success in the export market, one of the biggest successes being in the South Korean army. The Fiat 6614 would be license produced in South Korea, where it was widely used, although as of now it's said they've completely gone out of service. The South Korean Fiat 6614 is known as the KM900, while locally introduced variants, known as the KM901 can include an armoured ambulance, mortar carriers, and command vehicles. Other countries still using it to this day include Libya, Somalia, Tunisia, Argentina, Venezuela, and Peru. Fiat 6616 also known as 'Autoblinda 1974' ([[AUBL/74]]) is a further development model of the Fiat 6614, after OTO Melara and Fiat engineers started experimenting on up-arming the Fiat 6614.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=italy&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=light_tank&vehicle=it_fiat_6614_106sr Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|UN3ioZuwRJs|'''This is how to make light tank INVINCIBLE! {{PAGENAME}}''' - ''HowToPlay1337''}}

== See also ==


;Other vehicles equipped with a recoilless rifle

* [[M50 Ontos]]
* [[T114]]
* [[Type 60 SPRG (C)]]
* [[R3 T106 FA]]

;Other vehicles equipped with a similar chassis

* [[AUBL/74]]
* [[AUBL/74 HVG]]

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:Fiat_6614|[Wikipedia] Fiat 6614]]

{{Italy light tanks}}
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]

Hornet Mk.III

2021-07-06T11:11:52Z

U108381718: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = British twin-engine fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the premium version
| link = Hornet Mk.I
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=hornet_mk3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British twin-engine fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.71 "New E.R.A."]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


For pilots who loved the Mosquito, the Hornet is a dream come true.

As a descendant of the [[Mosquito FB Mk VI]], it maintains many similarities to its older brother, namely an all-wooden construction and the iconic de Havilland tail design. However, the Hornet somehow managed to improve on the already excellent Mosquito platform, increasing speed, manoeuvrability and armament while reducing overall aircraft proportions. From takeoff and into its flight, the Hornet is an overall smooth operator with brutal speed, insane climb rate, and excellent manoeuvrability, especially for a twin-engined fighter. However, it's still a twin-engined fighter which means it can still be outmanoeuvred by most single-engined opponents which it faces, namely Bf 109s and most Italian fighter aircraft.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,791 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 716 || 698 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 26.8 || 27.5 || 19.2 || 19.2 || rowspan="2" | 500
|-
! Upgraded
|833||787|| 23.9 ||24.0||44.1||30.3
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 370 || 356 || 287 || ~8 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 420 || < 390 || < 450 || > 324
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 38 mm Bulletproof glass in front of the pilot
* 12.7 mm Steel plate behind the pilot
* Two 3 mm Steel boxes behind the pilot in the fuselage
* Critical components located at the front of aircraft (fuel, pilot, engine, controls)
* Lots of fuel tanks in the wings

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Your intended role of the Hornet decides which upgrades you go for first. When going for a ground attacker, focus the payload modules and cannon upgrades, with survivability modules coming next due to needing to lower the extra weight the payloads add.

When going for any other role, the belts and cannons should come first, followed by the performance upgrades, ultimately leading to Engine Injection and 150 octane fuel, adding a whopping 245 and 288 horsepower respectively.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Hispano Mk.V (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 20 mm Hispano Mk.V cannons, chin-mounted (190 rpg = 760 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|G.P. Mk.IV (500 lb)|M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I (1,000 lb)|AP Mk I|AP Mk II|RP-3}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 500 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs (1,000 lb total)
* 2 x M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I bombs (2,000 lb total)
* 8 x AP Mk I rockets
* 8 x AP Mk II rockets
* 8 x RP-3 rockets
* 2 x 500 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs + 4 x AP Mk I rockets (1,000 lb total)
* 2 x 500 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs + 4 x AP Mk II rockets (1,000 lb total)
* 2 x 500 lb G.P. Mk.IV bombs + 4 x RP-3 rockets (1,000 lb total)
* 2 x M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I bombs + 4 x AP Mk I rockets (2,000 lb total)
* 2 x M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I bombs + 4 x AP Mk II rockets (2,000 lb total)
* 2 x M.C. 1,000 lb Mk.I bombs + 4 x RP-3 rockets (2,000 lb total)

== Usage in battles ==

Being a descendant of the legendary [[Mosquito FB Mk VI|Mosquito]], one should expect a similar playstyle with the Hornet. However, due to the vastly improved performance, the aircraft can perform amicably in most situations it is thrown in.

'''Fighter''': The Hornet does very well in a dogfighting situation for a heavy fighter. It can use its powerful quad [[Hispano Mk.V (20 mm)|Hispano Mk.V]]'s to shred any fighter which falls within its gun sights. However, one should take note that most single-engined fighters will turn circles around the Hornet, so turn-fighting should be avoided where possible. Naturally, there are some exceptions to this rule such as the [[P-47N-15]], which you cannot match the Hornet's turn time.

High speed and great climb rate coupled with its amazing armament make the Hornet an extremely potent user of the Boom & Zoom fighting doctrine. Always attempt to maintain an energy and altitude advantage versus the enemy aircraft and avoid tunnel vision which means, be aware of the aircraft around you. Tunnel vision prevents you from seeing an enemy aircraft get the drop on you until its too late and either tracer fire is whizzing past or the Hornet's engine is on fire.

'''Ground Attacker:''' When aced, the Hornet can load 4 AP or RP-3 rockets and two 1,000 lb bombs. This, combined with the performance of the Hornet and power of the Hispano's allow it to be an amazing ground attacker that can shred any ground target in sight. The AP rockets are your best bet when it comes to ground attack, as they are more accurate than the RP-3's, fly faster and due to the higher speed, impact harder and penetrate more armour. However, when destroying light targets, the RP-3's are better due to the increased explosive yield.

'''Bomber Hunter''': Due to its amazing performance, powerful armament and air defence fighter spawn point, the Hornet can make for a powerful interceptor when played carefully. Climb to bomber altitudes (4,000 metres and up) and begin prowling for a target. When attacking bombers, the worst angle of attack is from the rear, typically most bombers have their heaviest armament here, not to mention bullet impact is harder (especially from .50 calibre machine guns and 20 mm cannons) as the aircraft is flying towards a speeding bullet, increasing the damage it will do and the likelihood of being hit. Notable examples you can encounter at this rank are the [[B-29A-BN]], [[B-17G-60-VE]], [[PB4Y-2]], [[He 177 A-5]], [[G8N1]] and the premium [[Be-6]]. Remember, the body of the aircraft can soak up a lot of damage, instead dive from above or climb from below and aim for the wings, without engines or a wing, the bomber will fall like a rock. Attacking from oblique angles makes it difficult for the bomber gunners to acquire a target solution and causes them to traverse and fire which spreads out their bullet patterns making it more difficult to hit a speeding target.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Combined || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent armament, the Hispano Mk. V has a high rate of fire and causes a lot of fragmentation damage
* Extremely quick, can compete with some of the best single-engined fighters
* Has excellent payload options, several varieties of rockets and up to 2,000 lb in bombs
* Good amount of ammo for the cannons
* Quite manoeuvrable for a twin-engined fighter, as to be expected of the descendant of the Mosquito
* Fantastic climb rate, especially when spaded, can beat the Dornier 335s to altitude
* Thin body for a twin-engined fighter
* Experience with the Mosquito transitions between the planes
* Lenient stock grind

'''Cons:'''

* Not great at killing heavy bombers like the He 177, susceptible to engine damage or a knocked out pilot
* Matchmaking will pit you against some serious foes
* Despite the durable construction, the Hornet is made out of wood, meaning you cannot take much damage and remain in the fight
* Fires deal serious damage to a wooden plane
* Wings are littered with fuel tanks
* Despite the thin body, it is still a large target
* Carrying the max payload has a significant effect on flight performance

== History ==

The de Havilland Hornet first started out as a private venture by the de Havilland company. Having built the extremely successful Mosquito multi-role fighter, the company wants to improve on the design to make a faster and longer ranged heavy fighter. The project was soon developed to meet the Air Ministry specification F.12/43, which called for a fast, long-range fighter that operated in the Far East, in fact, the design was drawn around the Hornet. The first prototype was a more streamlined, smaller Mosquito with more powerful Rolls-Royce Merlin engines. The wings were designed for adaptation for naval uses and could fold. Pilot comfort and stability had a very high priority. According to accounts by test pilots, the Hornet is easily capable of taking on single engine fighters. It entered Squadron service in mid-1946. However, it was rarely used as World War Two was drawing to a close. Instead, the plane saw combat operations during the Malayan Emergency and continued to serve the RAF until 1956.

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|SKeFUWKudoY|'''The Shooting Range #63''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 07:39 discusses the Hornet.}}

== See also ==


*[[Mosquito FB Mk VI]]
*[[Ki-83]]
*[[He 219 A-7]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/4913-development-de-havilland-hornet-deadly-sting-en|[Development] De Havilland Hornet: Deadly Sting!]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/378375-hornet-mkiii/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer deHavilland}}
{{Britain fighters}}

IL-10 (1946)

2021-05-23T22:37:55Z

U108381718: /* Description */

{{About
| about = Soviet strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = IL-10 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=il-10_1946
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.41]].

As a continuation of the famed Ilyushin IL-2 series, the IL-10 (1946) is a highly upgraded version of the classic Soviet ground attacker of World War Two. Unlike its predecessors, who wield a pair VYa 23 mm cannons, the IL-10 (1946) utilizes four NS-23 23 mm cannons which increase the plane's anti-aircraft capabilities, at the expense of the anti-armour stopping power of the NS-37s and VYa's of other IL-2s (60/37 mm of penetration-> 29 mm of penetration). The IL-10 (1946) is also highly capable of defending itself from the rear, unlike its earlier relatives which wielded a single 12.7 mm Berezin UB machine gun. This aircraft boasts a 20 mm Berezin B-20 cannon capable of ripping would-be killers apart. Although extremely dangerous in a low-speed and low-altitude dogfight, this aircraft suffers at both higher altitudes and higher speeds, where post-war fighters such as the [[F8F-1B]] have the advantage. The IL-10 (1946) also features an armoured cockpit and engine, which increases the aircraft's resistance to sub-calibre armour piercing rounds. Thus, just like its earlier relatives, the IL-10 is a very heavy aircraft which can hurt performance aspects such as acceleration.

The IL-10 (1946) wields an impressive armament of four 23 mm NS-23 cannons, placed in the wings. While not capable of destroying heavy ground targets, these cannons are extremely deadly to single, twin, and quad-engine aircraft alike. The rounds have a fairly slow muzzle velocity, however, so it is crucial to lead the target properly, especially in a dogfight. Equipping the "air targets" belt is the best choice as it serves the both light-ground attack and anti-aircraft roles very well.
[[File:Cockpit_Il-10.jpg|thumbnail|Cockpit with English labels. It is quite cramped, but features more visibility than the earlier IL-2.]]

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 2,650 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 505 || 483 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.3 || 26.6 || 7.7 || 7.6 || rowspan="2" | 550
|-
! Upgraded
| 552 || 528 || 22.8 || 24.0 || 13.9 || 10.4
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 496 || 467 || 320 || ~14 || ~14
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 370 || < 410 || < 400 || > 323
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 1,500 m || 1,770 hp || 2,009 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 6 mm Steel - Propeller hub plate
* 8 mm Steel - Engine surround plating
* 6 mm Steel - Under cockpit plate, under gunner plate, under the rear gun plate, the canopy frame plate
* 8.5 mm Steel - Rear gunner plate
* 8 mm Steel - Headrest plate between pilot/gunner
* 64 mm Bulletproof glass - Front canopy
* Self-sealing fuel tanks, with neutral gas pressurization system (1 in front of pilot, 1 under pilot)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Since the IL-10 (1946) is a multi-role aircraft, any module research path is viable. Unlocking performance modifications will boost survivability and damage potential in dogfights, whereas unlocking armament modifications will help with the ground attack. Some of the best modifications to unlock are the "Engine injection" and "Offensive 23 mm belts". Any of the turret upgrades will also improve potential damage output.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|NS-23 (23 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 23 mm NS-23 cannons, wing-mounted (150 rpg = 600 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|FAB-50sv (50 kg)|FAB-100sv (100 kg)|FAB-250sv (250 kg)}}
{{main|RS-82|RBS-82|RS-132|RBS-132}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 50 kg FAB-50sv bombs (100 kg total)
* 2 x 100 kg FAB-100sv bombs (200 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg FAB-250sv bombs (500 kg total)
* 4 x RS-82 rockets + 2 x 50 kg FAB-50sv bombs (100 kg total)
* 4 x RBS-82 rockets + 2 x 50 kg FAB-50sv bombs (100 kg total)
* 4 x RS-132 rockets + 2 x 50 kg FAB-50sv bombs (100 kg total)
* 4 x RBS-132 rockets + 2 x 50 kg FAB-50sv bombs (100 kg total)
* 4 x RS-82 rockets + 2 x 100 kg FAB-100sv bombs (200 kg total)
* 4 x RBS-82 rockets + 2 x 100 kg FAB-100sv bombs (200 kg total)
* 4 x RS-132 rockets + 2 x 100 kg FAB-100sv bombs (200 kg total)
* 4 x RBS-132 rockets + 2 x 100 kg FAB-100sv bombs (200 kg total)

Unlike previous attackers, the {{PAGENAME}} cannot carry 8 rockets but only 4, along with bombs and it cannot carry only rockets.

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|B-20E (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 20 mm B-20E cannon, dorsal turret (300 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

NS-23 cannons are not capable of destroying medium or light tanks even with AP ammunition. This severely hinders the aircraft's ground attack capabilities, so it is best utilized as a multi-purpose aircraft similar to the [[B7A2|B7A2 Ryusei]]. However, it is worth noting that this aircraft wields the ability to carry a varied payload of both bombs and rockets. With proper aim, it is possible to destroy heavy tanks albeit very difficult as there is no bombing reticule. The "air targets" belt for the 23 mm cannons have the ability to demolish soft ground targets such as armoured cars and AAA units, but also retains the ability to destroy fighters and bombers alike with only a handful of rounds. Therefore, it can be beneficial to first attack the enemy's light defences and then if a teammate has been forced to a lower altitude by a pursuer, attempting to alleviate the stress of that pilot can be beneficial. Like the [[La-9]], the IL-10 (1946) has the ability to fire two of it's 23 mm cannons instead of four as the ammunition pools are separate. A good strategy is to use one set of 23 mm belts for attacking ground targets, and the other for destroying enemy aircraft.

If found in a sticky situation, the IL-10 (1946) pilot may choose to call for help or to "roll the dice" and use the 20 mm tail cannon. While it is effective, hitting the enemy at longer distances can be very difficult, especially without the "new 20 mm cannon (turret)" module upgrade. It is best to lure an enemy by turning and evading their fire and then lining them up directly with your tail cannon. It is possible to destroy the enemy aircraft with less than 10 shells if they are very close and the tail gunner is accurate. Another unorthodox method of using the 20 mm tail cannon involves a situation in which an initial pass on a ground target failed. Depending on how close the IL-10 (1946) is to the ground target, it is possible to destroy it from behind with the 20 mm tail gun. This is very difficult especially as the distance from the target increases.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Forward-firing 4 x 23 mm cannons can do massive damage
* Defensive 20 mm gunner with 300 rounds of ammunition for protection (won't always save you, but can bring down stupid enemy fighters reliably)
* Accelerates rather quickly (useful for gaining distance from a failed ground strike)
* Versatile payload of bombs and rockets
* Highly armoured cockpit
* Durable aircraft, can absorb damage
* Good manoeuvrability for an attacker

'''Cons'''

* Large aircraft, easy target
* 23 mm are difficult to aim due to low muzzle velocity
* Lots of armour plating in the cockpit, hinders visibility (if playing SB)
* Cannot perform high-speed manoeuvres
* Bleeds energy extremely quickly
* Very slow roll rate
* Low top speed, manoeuvrability and climb rate
* NS-23 still does not have the penetration to damage medium tanks, even with API-T at optimal angles.
* Almost no protection for the rear gunner
* Fewer payload options than previous attackers

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Ilyushin}}
{{USSR attackers}}

IL-10 (1946)

2021-05-23T22:25:51Z

U108381718: /* Description */

{{About
| about = Soviet strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = IL-10 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=il-10_1946
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.41]].

As a continuation of the famed Ilyushin IL-2 series, the IL-10 (1946) is a highly upgraded version of the classic Soviet ground attacker of World War Two. Unlike its predecessors, who wield a pair VYa 23 mm cannons, the IL-10 (1946) utilizes four NS-23 23 mm cannons which increase the plane's anti-aircraft capabilities, at the expense of the anti-armour stopping power of the NS-37s of other similar aircraft (60 mm of penetration-> 29 mm of penetration). The IL-10 (1946) is also highly capable of defending itself from the rear, unlike its earlier relatives which wielded a single 12.7 mm Berezin UB machine gun. This aircraft boasts a 20 mm Berezin B-20 cannon capable of ripping would-be killers apart. Although extremely dangerous in a low-speed and low-altitude dogfight, this aircraft suffers at both higher altitudes and higher speeds, where post-war fighters such as the [[F8F-1B]] have the advantage. The IL-10 (1946) also features an armoured cockpit and engine, which increases the aircraft's resistance to sub-calibre armour piercing rounds. Thus, just like its earlier relatives, the IL-10 is a very heavy aircraft which can hurt performance aspects such as acceleration.

The IL-10 (1946) wields an impressive armament of four 23 mm NS-23 cannons, placed in the wings. While not capable of destroying heavy ground targets, these cannons are extremely deadly to single, twin, and quad-engine aircraft alike. The rounds have a fairly slow muzzle velocity, however, so it is crucial to lead the target properly, especially in a dogfight. Equipping the "air targets" belt is the best choice as it serves the both light-ground attack and anti-aircraft roles very well.
[[File:Cockpit_Il-10.jpg|thumbnail|Cockpit with English labels. It is quite cramped, but features more visibility than the earlier IL-2.]]

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 2,650 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 505 || 483 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.3 || 26.6 || 7.7 || 7.6 || rowspan="2" | 550
|-
! Upgraded
| 552 || 528 || 22.8 || 24.0 || 13.9 || 10.4
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 496 || 467 || 320 || ~14 || ~14
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 370 || < 410 || < 400 || > 323
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 1,500 m || 1,770 hp || 2,009 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 6 mm Steel - Propeller hub plate
* 8 mm Steel - Engine surround plating
* 6 mm Steel - Under cockpit plate, under gunner plate, under the rear gun plate, the canopy frame plate
* 8.5 mm Steel - Rear gunner plate
* 8 mm Steel - Headrest plate between pilot/gunner
* 64 mm Bulletproof glass - Front canopy
* Self-sealing fuel tanks, with neutral gas pressurization system (1 in front of pilot, 1 under pilot)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Since the IL-10 (1946) is a multi-role aircraft, any module research path is viable. Unlocking performance modifications will boost survivability and damage potential in dogfights, whereas unlocking armament modifications will help with the ground attack. Some of the best modifications to unlock are the "Engine injection" and "Offensive 23 mm belts". Any of the turret upgrades will also improve potential damage output.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|NS-23 (23 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 23 mm NS-23 cannons, wing-mounted (150 rpg = 600 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|FAB-50sv (50 kg)|FAB-100sv (100 kg)|FAB-250sv (250 kg)}}
{{main|RS-82|RBS-82|RS-132|RBS-132}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 50 kg FAB-50sv bombs (100 kg total)
* 2 x 100 kg FAB-100sv bombs (200 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg FAB-250sv bombs (500 kg total)
* 4 x RS-82 rockets + 2 x 50 kg FAB-50sv bombs (100 kg total)
* 4 x RBS-82 rockets + 2 x 50 kg FAB-50sv bombs (100 kg total)
* 4 x RS-132 rockets + 2 x 50 kg FAB-50sv bombs (100 kg total)
* 4 x RBS-132 rockets + 2 x 50 kg FAB-50sv bombs (100 kg total)
* 4 x RS-82 rockets + 2 x 100 kg FAB-100sv bombs (200 kg total)
* 4 x RBS-82 rockets + 2 x 100 kg FAB-100sv bombs (200 kg total)
* 4 x RS-132 rockets + 2 x 100 kg FAB-100sv bombs (200 kg total)
* 4 x RBS-132 rockets + 2 x 100 kg FAB-100sv bombs (200 kg total)

Unlike previous attackers, the {{PAGENAME}} cannot carry 8 rockets but only 4, along with bombs and it cannot carry only rockets.

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|B-20E (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 20 mm B-20E cannon, dorsal turret (300 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

NS-23 cannons are not capable of destroying medium or light tanks even with AP ammunition. This severely hinders the aircraft's ground attack capabilities, so it is best utilized as a multi-purpose aircraft similar to the [[B7A2|B7A2 Ryusei]]. However, it is worth noting that this aircraft wields the ability to carry a varied payload of both bombs and rockets. With proper aim, it is possible to destroy heavy tanks albeit very difficult as there is no bombing reticule. The "air targets" belt for the 23 mm cannons have the ability to demolish soft ground targets such as armoured cars and AAA units, but also retains the ability to destroy fighters and bombers alike with only a handful of rounds. Therefore, it can be beneficial to first attack the enemy's light defences and then if a teammate has been forced to a lower altitude by a pursuer, attempting to alleviate the stress of that pilot can be beneficial. Like the [[La-9]], the IL-10 (1946) has the ability to fire two of it's 23 mm cannons instead of four as the ammunition pools are separate. A good strategy is to use one set of 23 mm belts for attacking ground targets, and the other for destroying enemy aircraft.

If found in a sticky situation, the IL-10 (1946) pilot may choose to call for help or to "roll the dice" and use the 20 mm tail cannon. While it is effective, hitting the enemy at longer distances can be very difficult, especially without the "new 20 mm cannon (turret)" module upgrade. It is best to lure an enemy by turning and evading their fire and then lining them up directly with your tail cannon. It is possible to destroy the enemy aircraft with less than 10 shells if they are very close and the tail gunner is accurate. Another unorthodox method of using the 20 mm tail cannon involves a situation in which an initial pass on a ground target failed. Depending on how close the IL-10 (1946) is to the ground target, it is possible to destroy it from behind with the 20 mm tail gun. This is very difficult especially as the distance from the target increases.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Forward-firing 4 x 23 mm cannons can do massive damage
* Defensive 20 mm gunner with 300 rounds of ammunition for protection (won't always save you, but can bring down stupid enemy fighters reliably)
* Accelerates rather quickly (useful for gaining distance from a failed ground strike)
* Versatile payload of bombs and rockets
* Highly armoured cockpit
* Durable aircraft, can absorb damage
* Good manoeuvrability for an attacker

'''Cons'''

* Large aircraft, easy target
* 23 mm are difficult to aim due to low muzzle velocity
* Lots of armour plating in the cockpit, hinders visibility (if playing SB)
* Cannot perform high-speed manoeuvres
* Bleeds energy extremely quickly
* Very slow roll rate
* Low top speed, manoeuvrability and climb rate
* NS-23 still does not have the penetration to damage medium tanks, even with API-T at optimal angles.
* Almost no protection for the rear gunner
* Fewer payload options than previous attackers

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Ilyushin}}
{{USSR attackers}}

ZUT-37

2021-05-10T17:10:50Z

U108381718: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=ussr_zut_37
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet self-propelled anti-aircraft gun {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.43]].

Despite its status as a SPAA, a 37 mm autocannon atop a T-70 chassis can lead the {{PAGENAME}} to perform a multi-role function as anti-aircraft and anti-armours as the selected ammunition permit.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The {{PAGENAME}} has no hull armour difference from its base model [[T-70]]. However, given that the {{PAGENAME}} is currently 0.7 higher in battle-rating than the T-70, the hull armour may seem insufficient against the new types of enemies encountered.

The biggest downgrade in armour is the turret. While the T-70 can be somewhat comfortable with a 50 mm gun mantlet and 35 mm armour plates for the turret construction, the {{PAGENAME}} is composed of only 16 mm plates all-around. This means even heavy machine guns can penetrate and knock out the gunner in the turret. The open-top construction of the vehicle compounds the turret vulnerability by making artillery shrapnel and aircraft able to defeat the ZUT-37.

The gunner's vulnerability is hazardous for the {{PAGENAME}}'s lifespan as it only has two crew members, and so the gunner's incapacitation would lead to the vehicle's demise or transition into Crew Replenishment mode. These features would encourage a more subtle gameplay with the ZUT-37 to make the most of concealment and cover to reduce the threat of being shot from the ground or sky.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 35 mm (61°) ''Front glacis'' 45 mm (32-79°) ''Lower glacis'' 35 mm (54-70°) ''Driver's hatch'' || 15 mm (0-1°) || 10 mm (71°) ''Top'' 25 mm (41°) ''Bottom'' || 10 mm
|-
| Turret || 16 mm (22-53°) ''Turret front'' 16 mm (26-83°) ''Gun mantlet ''|| 16 mm (20-21°) || 16 mm (1-8°) || N/A
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 10 mm thick while tracks are 15 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 10 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 241|rbMinHp= 150|}}

The mobility of the {{PAGENAME}} is quite well with a top speed of 46 km/h and reverse speed of -6 km/h.

It has very good turning while on the move and fairly good turn rate when at a stop. Its acceleration is pretty good in comparison to some of the Rank II vehicles. 

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|Sh-37 (37 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="6" | [[Sh-37 (37 mm)|37 mm Sh-37]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 200 (5) || rowspan="2" | 260 || rowspan="2" | -3°/+77° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 6.60 || 9.14 || 11.10 || 12.28 || 13.06 || rowspan="2" | 6.50 || rowspan="2" | 5.75 || rowspan="2" | 5.30 || rowspan="2" | 5.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 4.46 || 5.25 || 6.37 || 7.05 || 7.50
|-
|}

The {{PAGENAME}}'s only armament is the 37 mm auto-cannon which has a starting reload time of around 6.5 seconds, which can be reduced down to 5 seconds with ace crew training.

It's extremely difficult to hit aircraft with this gun, especially since the magazine only holds five rounds and has a long reload time, but if the shells connect with an aircraft, it will do major amounts of damage if not knock it out of the sky.

It is best used at medium-long range and firing your 5 rounds slower than it can allow you so you can re-aim back on target. Otherwise, if you are in close range (less than 50 m), just fire off the whole magazine and run, looking for cover while waiting for the gun to reload. Remaining out in the open while reloading puts a large bulls-eye on the tank for anyone to attack.

==== Ammunition ====

* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer shell}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEFI-T*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer shell (self-destroying)}} - These rounds work well for either use (anti-air or against armour) until the others are researched. The only drawback is the decreased rate of fire.
* '''HEFI-T:''' {{Annotation|HEFI-T*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary tracer shell (self-destroying)}} - These are absolutely devastating in the AA role with a good performance against open combat compartment vehicles.
* '''AP-T:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer shell}} - These are best against light tanks at close range and do good damage to planes. This round can punch through the side armour of a Panther I.

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| OFZ || HEFI-T* || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3
|-
| BT || AP-T || 71 || 68 || 57 || 46 || 37 || 30
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| OFZ || HEFI-T* || 900 || 0.74 || 0.0 || 0.1 || 34 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| BT || AP-T || 880 || 0.76 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''40''' || 21 ''(+19)'' || 1 ''(+39)'' || No
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


The ZUT-37 can be used in multiple roles, as a tank and as an AA battery. Its weapon has enough penetration for its BR to be used in light tank roles. It has very few rounds in each magazine, but if it hits it causes devastating damage to the plane.

One thing to take account when using the ZUT-37 is handling. The T-70 chassis is already somewhat unstable to drive, and this modification is not an improvement. It takes a considerable time for the suspension to settle from any substantial braking, leaving the vehicle unable to shoot accurately for some seconds. Is no use for shooting on the move because of this.

This vehicle also proves to be very helpful in SB or RB as a scout tank. The very good speed and acceleration allow you to quickly rush a contested point, or to quickly spot enemies once the round starts. Make sure to use the low profile to spot targets while moving through trenches or simply spotting over a small hill.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Quick and small allowing it to ambush other vehicles
* Has a quick-firing magazine
* When it hits a plane it easily rips it to shreds
* Can take a tank apart in a few seconds if used properly
* Punches through most of the armour it faces.
* Although still unimpressive for its BR, it's considerably better protected than other Soviet SPAAs of neighboring BR rankings

'''Cons:'''

* Fairly weak armour
* Two crew members, a well-aimed shot can take out both
* Longish reload making the vehicle vulnerable for around 6-7 seconds
* Not very good at short range attacks because it doesn't have much armour and can be outflanked with its slow turret rotation speed
* Cannot hit planes very well because of the slow yaw and pitch of the turret
* Can easily be destroyed if hit directly with artillery
* Prone to hull-break
* Open fighting compartment can allow for aerial attacks to knock out crew members

== History ==

In the Summer of 1942, the design bureau at Plant No.37 attempted to create an anti-aircraft tank. N.A. Popov had the tank design based on the light tank [[T-70]] and was supposed to mount a 37 mm gun Sh-37 gun autocannon originally developed for the IL-2 plane. constructed by Boris G. Shpitalny. The muzzle velocity of the gun was 1000 m/s with 200 rounds stored inside the tank, and the gun can fire at a rate of 170 - 185 rpm.

The ZUT-37 was capable of firing both at air and ground targets due to the equipping of a telescopic sight and red dot sighting on the tank. The gun traversed on two special racks. The vehicle was not put into production because of the unfavourable arrangement of the crew compartment and was shelved.

=== In-game description ===
The ZUT-37 anti-air tank was an enhanced version of the project by B. Shpitalny that was built in June, 1942 on the chassis of the T-70. The enhanced model underwent testing in December 1942 – January 1943. In general it passed the tests. Among the conclusions drawn from the results of the tests was the possibility of building an experimental batch of ZUT-37s once certain observations regarding the Sh-37 cannon had been rectified. However, this project was abandoned.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=ussr&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=spaa&vehicle=ussr_zut_37 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|V9MwcVDYdeY|'''{{PAGENAME}} Tank Review''' - ''NUSensei''|PosWOnOGkSo|'''Best experimental vehicles''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 7:28 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://warthunder.com/en/devblog/current/627 [Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> ZUT-37]

{{USSR anti-aircraft vehicles}}
{{USSR premium ground vehicles}}

Sturer Emil

2021-04-26T14:48:19Z

U108381718: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_pzsflk40_sturer_emil
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (officially ''12,8 cm Selbstfahrlafette auf VK30.01(H)'' (12.8 cm Self-Propelled on VK 30.01 (Henschel))) is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.59 "Flaming Arrows"]].

The Sturer Emil is quite similar to the [[Dicker Max]]; no armour, excellent gun, great gun depression. Due to its limited horizontal gun traverse, it can be a little trickier to use in urban maps, but it can still be used to guard positions as long as cover is available. Being unarmoured, always avoid being shot at.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The Sturer Emil is typical of the German open-topped tank destroyers: fragile and particularly vulnerable to air attack. With a maximum of 50 mm of armour, the best protection is to not get shot at in the first place. On the plus side, the Sturer Emil cannot be hull-broken.

The sides of the superstructure are covered by ammunition and any clean hit on the Sturer Emil is likely to detonate the ammunition. The loader also stands in a particularly exposed position at the back of the tank destroyer, where he is very vulnerable to stray bullets or shrapnel. The rest of the crew is fairly spread out, which means that it is not easy to get a crew knock-out with one shot.

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 12 mm (83-88°) ''Front glacis'' 50 mm (10°) ''Driver/Co-driver ports'' 50 mm (12°) ''Lower glacis'' || 20 mm || 10 mm (47°) || 12 mm
|-
| Superstructure || 50 mm (16-17°) ''Front'' 50 mm (9-52°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 30 mm (11°) || 20 mm (0-12°) || 0-10 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick while tracks are 20 mm thick.
* Belly armour is 10 mm thick.
* Superstructure roof armour barely covers the crew
* Tracks at the lower glacis and superstructure front provides +15 mm armour.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}

Based on the VK 30.01 (H) heavy tank chassis, the Sturer Emil has very lacklustre mobility thanks to the weak engine. It is not very well suited to mobile, fast moving battles, and cannot relocate easily.

{{tankMobility|abMinHp=440|rbMinHp=274}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|K.40 (128 mm)}}

The 128 mm K.40 is easily the most powerful gun carried by any vehicle within the Sturer Emil's BR range, and it is a very deadly threat; it is capable of frontally penetrating any vehicle the Sturer Emil faces. On top of that, the APC shells have a massive amount of explosive filler, all but guaranteeing a one-shot kill upon penetration. It should be noted, however, that the APC shells have a 19 mm fuse threshold, and are likely to penetrate lightly armoured vehicles without exploding.

Conversely, the large size and weight of the 128 mm shells result in a long reload time. If the loader is knocked out, the reload time is massively increased, crippling the tank destroyer. The vehicle is also not very spacious, resulting in an ammunition capacity of only 15 rounds. The gun also has a limited amount of elevation and traverse, which can make it rather difficult to bring the gun to bear in some situations. This, combined with the lack of any machine guns, also renders the Sturer Emil virtually helpless against aircraft.

The Sturer Emil platform also provides the gun with an excellent gun depression angles, allowing the Sturer Emil to go hull-down on relatively steep slopes while exposing very little of the vehicle. The gun is mounted near the top of the superstructure as well, which allows the Sturer Emil to use its gun while exposing very little of the vehicle.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[K.40 (128 mm)|128 mm K.40]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 15 || rowspan="2" | -15°/+10° || rowspan="2" | -5°/+6° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 10.5 || 14.6 || 17.8 || 19.6 || 20.8 || rowspan="2" | 23.6 || rowspan="2" | 20.9 || rowspan="2" | 19.3 || rowspan="2" | 18.2
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 7.1 || 8.4 || 10.2 || 11.3 || 12.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
|-
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
|-
| PzGr || APC || 233 || 230 || 219 || 205 || 193 || 181
|-
| Sprgr. L/5 || HE || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37 || 37
|-
| PzGr 43 || APCBC || 248 || 245 || 234 || 220 || 207 || 195
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
! colspan="10" | Shell details
|-
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
! rowspan="2" | Type of warhead
! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay (m)
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity (mm)
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
|-
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
|-
| PzGr || APC || 880 || 26.35 || 1.2 || 19 || 786.5 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
| Sprgr. L/5 || HE || 880 || 28.0 || 0.1 || 0.5 || 3,700 || 79° || 80° || 81°
|-
| PzGr 43 || APCBC || 880 || 28.3 || 1.2 || 19 || 786.5 || 48° || 63° || 71°
|-
|}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! Ammo Part
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''15''' || style="text-align:right" | ''Projectiles'' ''Propellants'' || 8 ''(+7)'' 8 ''(+7)'' || 1 ''(+14)'' 1 ''(+14)'' || Yes
|-
|}
'''Notes''':

* The {{PAGENAME}} uses two-piece ammunition, composed of propellant bags (orange) and projectiles (yellow). Both have separate racks.
* Arrows indicate the depletion order of each rack.
* The visual discrepancy concerns propellant bags and projectiles: 12 propellant bags are modeled for 15 available bags while 14 projectiles are modeled for 15 available.

== Usage in battles ==

There are two ways one can use the Sturer Emil in combat:

'''Direct Engagement'''

In other words, how one would typically use a tank destroyer of this type - find a good vantage point, and use your gun's impressive long range penetration to destroy even heavy tanks. When doing so, keep in mind to make as much use of your tank's depression as possible, and backing away from the open when reloading, as that is when most tanks will attempt to take you out.

Don't even think of trying to use the Sturer Emil in an "offensive" capability, the vehicle does not have the mobility nor armour to do so. Use it in an ambush-style method and conceal the vehicle before pouncing on the enemy. A spotted Sturer Emil is vulnerable to flanking manoeuvres, artillery, and air strikes.

'''Indirect Fire'''
[[File:Sturer Emil Indirect Firing Method.gif|x480px|thumb|right|Step-by-step procedure to "Indirect fire", note how the Sturer Emil conceals itself past the hill slope while able to use the cannon to lob shells over to the enemies downrange. (''View image if .gif is not playing'')]]

One of the greatest capabilities of large calibre guns on vehicles like the Sturer Emils is that they allow you to take advantage of their high angle of projectile drop. This method works great beyond 1,000 metres, but varies depending on the type of terrain and hull-down positions are available on the map.

When on long range maps like [[Sands of Sinai]] or [[Maginot Line]], drive to places where you are on the back slope of a hill relative to potential targets. From there, do not poke out and stay behind the hill slope to use it as cover and concealment against the enemy downrange. This way, the enemy has no way of spotting/engaging the Sturer Emil from their angle, but the Sturer Emil can still certainly see and hit the enemies. To do this, use the binoculars to look over the hill for long range targets. Adjust for the range to the target from behind the hill so when you fire, the round will essentially be fired over your cover (due to the necessary adjustment to your gun's elevation to hit targets at distance), with the rate of projectile drop creating a parabola trajectory for the round to come back down from over the hilltop into the target below, allowing you to essentially hit targets who cannot even see your position.

Another benefit of this method is being able to maintain position during reloading (as opposed to receding to cover as stated in the "direct engagement" section) meaning that while you wait for reload, you can correct your aim for range and target heading, allowing you to home into where you need to aim to make accurate hits.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Outstanding gun depression, same as the [[Dicker Max]]
* Extremely powerful gun with very lethal APHE shells, can even compete in 10.7 BR against MBTs
* Five fairly spread out crew members
* AP shells with HE filler will have little trouble doing damage
* Cannot be hull-broken
* Good gun placement high in the superstructure
* Massive gun breech that can shield some of the crew against enemy shells
* Side armour is 30 mm thick, unusually thick for an open topped vehicle - can shrug off large calibre machine guns and even some autocannons

'''Cons:'''

* Poor mobility
* Long reload time and limited ammunition capacity
* Exposed loader
* Very vulnerable to airstrikes due to open top
* Limited gun traverse and elevation angles
* Poor armour

== History ==

The '''Selbstfahrlafette auf VK30.01(H)''', or better known as the '''Sturer Emil''' (''Stubborn Emil''), was a heavy self-propelled anti-tank gun developed by Nazi Germany sometime in 1941 and 1942. The Sturer Emil mounted the extremely large 12.8 cm gun on a extended chassis from the cancelled Henschel VK 30.01 armoured vehicle. The gun was laid on the back with the engine in the middle and the driver up front.

Not too much is known about the vehicle, only two were ever made in 1942, but they were involved in the Battle of Stalingrad. One was destroyed, but the other was captured during that battle in January 1943. When it was discovered, painting on the barrel indicates a score of 31 tank kills before its demise. The sole remaining Sturer Emil remains at the Kubinka Tank Museum in Russia.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=germany&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=tank_destroyer&vehicle=germ_pzsflk40_sturer_emil Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|zesNf8kYsKg|'''The Shooting Range #229''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 03:29 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|4_cJ1CpEatw|'''Best gun depression''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 1:33 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|GsCIbQ6TKIQ|'''German ground forces Rank III- review and analysis''' talks about the Sturer Emil at 4:30 - ''Oxy''|WBb2WJkfucI|'''Sturer Emil Tank Review''' - ''NUSensei''}}

== See also ==


* [[Dicker Max]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/3752-development-sturer-emil-en|[Devblog] Sturer Emil]]
* [[wikipedia:Sturer_Emil|[Wikipedia] Sturer Emil]]

{{Germany tank destroyers}}

Ba.65 (K.14) L

2021-04-14T12:53:37Z

U108381718: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=ba_65_k14_l
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.69 "Regia Aeronautica"]].

The Breda Ba.65 (K.14) L does its job well thanks to a high ammo count and the fact that it receives an air spawn in Realistic Battles (which makes up for the slow top speed). In Realistic, most of the time you will be flying against Russian planes or on some maps, Americans and British. Your tail gunner, which is armed with a 7.7 mm machine gun, will do medium to high amounts of damage if armed with Universal belts. The 7.7 mm machine gun is more dangerous the closer the enemy gets. If you get a chance at a head-on, go for it because you will most likely win- the plane has very strong frontal armament for its tier.

The Ba.65 is one of few reserve aircraft with flaps. You can use it to slow down during a strafing run to put more rounds into the target. Also, if you've mapped different keys for small calibre and large calibre guns, the 7.7 mm machine guns will be recognized as small calibre and the 12.7 mm machine guns will be recognized as large calibre, and the guns will be able to fire separately. As for payload options, the 4 x 50 kg bombs are much more useful against the light ground targets you will see at this battle rating.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,600 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 477 || 467 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.9 || 30.9 || 5.9 || 5.7 || rowspan="2" | 730
|-
! Upgraded
| 501 || 490 || 28.2 || 29.0 || 9.4 || 7.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 469 || 320 || ~12 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 300 || < 340 || < 340 || > 210
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 3,825 m || 800 hp || N/A
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


;Armour plates

* The {{PAGENAME}} does not sport any armour plates or armoured glass.

;Critical components

* All critical components are located on the central airframe:
** The engine and the oil cooling system are at the front of the plane.
** Two self-sealing fuel tanks are located behind the pilot seat and one behind the rear gunner.
** Traction cables of control surfaces are on the right side in the tail section.
* Except for the armament and traction cables of control surfaces, there are no critical modules in the wings.
* The wings can take a decent amount of damage from MGs, except the tip that is easily blown off.
* However, 20 mm rounds will severe any wing clean.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Breda-SAFAT (12.7 mm)|Breda-SAFAT (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 12.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine guns, wing-mounted (350 rpg = 700 total)
* 2 x 7.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine guns, wing-mounted (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|GP 50 (50 kg)|GP 100 (100 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 4 x 50 kg GP 50 bombs (200 kg total)
* 2 x 100 kg GP 100 bombs (200 kg total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|Breda-SAFAT (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 7.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine gun, dorsal turret (500 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==


Although the Ba.65 is an attacker, it can be used in an anti-fighter role with much success. The plane receives an air-spawn which invariably allows it a significant altitude advantage over enemy fighters. Boom & Zoom tactics, therefore, become very effective against slow, climbing, enemies. The Ba.65 has very good armament for its battle rating, and they will be enough to destroy any enemy fighter with one precise diving attack.

Otherwise, the Ba.65 can also be used effectively in the intended ground attack role. Use it's air-spawn to gain speed in a dive and reach the target before enemy fighters arrive. Then, the plane's bomb load are able to take out armoured ground targets and its devastating frontal armament can kill many more lightly and non-armoured targets.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Powerful armament for its low rank position. consisting of 2 x 7.7 mms and 2 x 12.7 mms; capable of downing low-rank planes in seconds
* Both MGs have a lot of incendiary rounds; deadly against poorly armoured, fabric-covered low-BR planes
* Protected from some rear threats by the turret
* Decent energy retention
* Gets an airspawn
* 12.7 mm HMGs can take out light tanks from the rear and top, if aimed properly
* Albeit small, the payload can crack open tanks easily in the 1.0-2.0 BR range with a direct drop

'''Cons:'''

* Slow top speed and acceleration
* Inferior turn rate compared to most monoplanes
* Catches fire easily
* No armour or pilot protection
* Low survivability
* Poor payload, can only carry up to 200 kg
* Relatively ineffective defensive armament

== History ==

The Breda Ba.65 Nibbio (Kite) is an Italian interwar, twin seater combat aircraft that was designed with versatility in mind. The aircraft was intended to perform a multitude of combat tasks ranging from conventional ground attack to intercepting hostile aircraft. However, due to many shortcomings of the Ba.65, it was later confined to pure ground support roles, and at the end of the war, converted to a trainer aircraft. Contrary to the positive first impressions that the aircraft left on its maiden flight in 1935, is the relative unpopularity among its crew due to the difficulties they faced while operating it.

Nevertheless, over 200 Ba.65 aircraft were built between 1935 and 1939. The aircraft fought on several theatres of war such as in Spain and North Africa, whilst some versions were also exported to Chile and Iraq.

''- From the [[wt:en/news/4714-development-breda-ba-65-k14-the-sharp-eyed-hawk-en|Devblog]]''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=italy&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=assault&vehicle=ba_65_k14_l Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|Ne2Z_Tni-2U|'''(Arcade): {{PAGENAME}} - One of a Kind''' - ''tx141T''|M69_aNWR1HQ|'''Realistic: {{PAGENAME}}''' - ''Jengar''}}

== See also ==


;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* [[BB-1]]
* [[Wirraway (Great Britain)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/4714-development-breda-ba-65-k14-the-sharp-eyed-hawk-en|[Devblog] Breda Ba.65 K14: The Sharp-eyed Hawk]]
* [[wikipedia:Breda_Ba.65|[Wikipedia] Breda Ba.65]]
* [https://comandosupremo.com/breda-ba65/ <nowiki>[Comando Supremo]</nowiki> Breda Ba.65 Fighter-Bomber Aircraft]

{{AirManufacturer Breda}}
{{Italy strike aircraft}}

Mirage IIIE

2021-04-09T13:44:46Z

U108381718: Added AirManufacturer Bloch template, awaiting approval of my latest revision to the template as well.

{{Specs-Card
|code=mirage_3e
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} French jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]]. Contrary to its older sibling, the Mirage IIIC, the Mirage IIIE represents a (successful) attempt to integrate air-to-ground capabilities into the Mirage III line of aircraft. These capabilities are achieved by the addition of a ballistic computer to aid in the destruction of ground assets with guns, bombs, and rockets. The aircraft also receives numerous improvements, such as a new version of the Atar 9 engine, which is not only slightly more powerful, but also much more responsive. An RWR system and a countermeasure dispenser is also installed.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

Overall, the Mirage IIIE is flown like the Mirage IIIC. The key feature of the Mirage airframe is its delta wing. Delta winged aircraft present tremendous manoeuvrability, at the cost of energy bleeding. The Mirage is no exception. While capable of supersonic flight, even at low altitude, and loaded with its air-to-air armament, high-G manoeuvres provokes as much deceleration as using a giant airbrake. This is, in fact, what a delta wing becomes, under high incidence angle, due to its very high vortex lift.

In general, the Mirage IIIE is nimble and fast, but it lacks the engine power of its contemporaries, such as the [[MiG-21bis]] or the [[F-104 (Family)|F-104]] series. Getting up to speed, or regaining it will be a bit longer. A trade-off for the Mirage IIIE's manoeuvrability.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 12,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,092 || 2,053 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.8 || 30.5 || 111.6 || 100.4 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || X || X || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || N/A || ~__ || ~__
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < ___ || < ___ || < ___ || N/A
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

Being a very light aircraft, the Mirage IIIE does not bear any sort of armour. It is to be noted that it has a very fragile rudder, which is mandatory to fly. Even as little as losing its moving actuator is enough to make the Mirage IIIE uncontrollable. The wings, being built upon titanium longerons, are quite sturdy and can sometimes survive hits.

The lack of armour on the Mirage can be compensated by the very small size of the aircraft.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}
The entirety of the AA missile armament of the Mirage IIIE is stacked in a single line. The AIM-9B missile will be of moderate help. The Matra 530 will be of better efficiency.

The Mirage IIIE being the end of the Dassault line-up, each components are pricey in research points, costing up to 32,000 RP for the 4th tier.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
The Mirage IIIE comes with a pair of DEFA 552A canons, with 125 round per gun, for 250 rounds total. These guns output a moderate shell velocity (but high rate of fire), but the DEFA shells are extremely destructive, and can blow a wing off of even the sturdiest aircrafts, such as the [[F-4E Phantom II]]. The Air targets belt composes only of HE, incendiary, tracers. Overall, the best pick of shells one could want for air-to-air combat. The Ground targets belt can pierce moderate armour, and are nothing to write home about. They will shred APCs and IFVs, but not MBTs.
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SAMP Type 25 (250 kg)|SAMP Type 21 (400 kg)|SNEB type 23|DEFA 552A (30 mm)}}
{{main|AIM-9B Sidewinder|AS-30 Nord|Matra R530|Matra R530E|Matra R550 Magic 1}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons (125 rpg = 250 total)
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 1 x Matra R530E missile
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 1 x Matra R530 missile
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 2 x Matra R550 Magic 1 missiles
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 1 x Matra R530E missile + 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 1 x Matra R530E missile + 2 x Matra R550 Magic 1 missiles
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 1 x Matra R530E missile + 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles + 36 x SNEB type 23 rockets
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 1 x Matra R530E missile + 2 x Matra R550 Magic 1 missiles + 36 x SNEB type 23 rockets
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 1 x Matra R530 missile + 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 1 x Matra R530 missile + 2 x Matra R550 Magic 1 missiles
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 1 x Matra R530 missile + 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles + 36 x SNEB type 23 rockets
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 1 x Matra R530 missile + 2 x Matra R550 Magic 1 missiles + 36 x SNEB type 23 rockets
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 1 x AS-30 Nord missile + 36 x SNEB type 23 rockets
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 1 x AS-30 Nord missile + 72 x SNEB type 23 rockets
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 2 x 250 kg SAMP Type 25 bombs (500 kg total)
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 2 x 400 kg SAMP Type 21 bombs (800 kg total)
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles + 2 x 250 kg SAMP Type 25 bombs (500 kg total)
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 2 x Matra R550 Magic 1 missiles + 2 x 250 kg SAMP Type 25 bombs (500 kg total)
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 36 x SNEB type 23 rockets + 2 x 250 kg SAMP Type 25 bombs (500 kg total)
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 72 x SNEB type 23 rockets + 2 x 250 kg SAMP Type 25 bombs (500 kg total)
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles + 2 x 400 kg SAMP Type 21 bombs (800 kg total)
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 2 x Matra R550 Magic 1 missiles + 2 x 400 kg SAMP Type 21 bombs (800 kg total)
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 36 x SNEB type 23 rockets + 2 x 400 kg SAMP Type 21 bombs (800 kg total)
* 2 x 30 mm DEFA 552A cannons + 72 x SNEB type 23 rockets + 2 x 400 kg SAMP Type 21 bombs (800 kg total)
* 2 x AIM-9B Sidewinder missiles
* 2 x Matra R550 Magic 1 missiles

As with most aircraft of this level, the Mirage is as good as the missiles it carries. The AIM-9B is an IR seeker missile of the very first type. It pulls few Gs, cannot orientate its seeker head and is very easily distracted by flares. Still, some kills can be expected on unsuspecting enemies, or enemies engaged with another aircraft in a turnfight, and low on energy.

The Matra R530 is a radar guided, medium range missile. Only one can be carried, but it is one of best SARH missiles in the game. As a counterpart, the Cyrano radar of the Mirage IIIE is quite small, with range rarely exceeding 20 km. Inside this range, the missile has good range and manoeuvrability during the entire flight time. A good addition to the Mirage IIIE's arsenal. The SARH capability of the missile can be traded for the IR seeker of the Matra R530E, making it the biggest IR seeker of the game. This version does not require radar lock, but cannot be fired in front aspect, and can be distracted by flares, where the Cyrano radar guiding the R530 can only be disturbed by chaff, which is used much more rarely.

As a tier 4 modification, the Mirage IIIE receives the dreaded Matra 550 Magic. This IR seeking missile of second generation is an excellent weapon, being both extremely manoeuvrable (pulling 30Gs, sometimes more), very light and reactive, and quite resilient to flares. Under two kilometres, and launched in appropriate conditions at subsonic speeds, this missile is virtually inescapable. It is to be noted that this missile, thanks to its canted launch rail, can be launched under significant G-load. Its only two drawbacks are its short range, and the limited number of units carried under the Mirage wings, with only two of the type. Comparatively, the F-4 Phantom series can carry 4 IR missiles, and 4 to 6 for the MiG-21 series, J35 Draken, and F-104 series.

As for ground attack, the Mirage III E carries the usual load of post-war French ordnance, in the form of 250/400 kg SAMP bombs, SNEB HEAT rockets, and the AS-30 missile. The deployment of these weapons can be aided by the ballistic computer.

The AS-30 Nord missile is a MCLOS, AS-20 derived, heavy warhead HE missile. Only one can be carried, and it is quite hard to use, but the damage output on ground targets in mixed battles is enormous. It is not uncommon to score two kills with one missile.

== Usage in battles ==

The Mirage IIIE is an improvement over the Mirage IIIC in nearly every aspect. Its delta wing permits high-G, speed bleeding manoeuvres, and should be sued to force an opponent to overshoot, and give it chase with missiles or guns.

The missile load of the Mirage III E is quite light, with only 3 missiles, but the missiles are excellent, and should rarely miss. The addition of the flare dispenser is also of excellent help against the very dangerous IR seeking R-60 missile, which does not perform well with the saturation of its target with flares. Note that flares are mostly inefficient when afterburner is on, and turning it off for mere seconds can be the difference between life and death.

Overall, sticking close to the ground, at high speed, and making missile passes on opponents is a good way to reach victory. Dogfights should be engaged only if the target position is advantageous, and the Mirage IIIE cannot just bleed out of energy and re-accelerate away.

The Mirage IIIE can be equipped with the SEPR 941 booster rocket if the guns are dismounted. This strategy is considered as to be avoided, the loadouts permitting the removal of the guns are very restrictive. The booster gives an output of 1.5 extra ton of thrust, and can burnt for 105 seconds before running dry.

For ground attack, the Mirage IIIE is of moderate use. While it can still carry bombs, it is a fighter by essence. It is to be noted that the Mirage IIIE can carry its entire AA armament, plus two air-to-ground weapons, on two extra hardpoints.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Excellent missile armament
* Slim airframe
* Powerfull canons
* Added multirole capability over the Mirage IIIC
* Flare/chaff dispenser, for 60 slots
* RWR equipped

'''Cons:'''

* Low missile count
* Moderate power engine
* Considered a priority target by enemies

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:Mirage IIIE hangar.png|A Mirage IIIE, equipped with its full anti-air armament, of two Magics and one Matra R530
File:Mirage IIIE front.png|Closeup view of the Mirage IIIE AA armament. Note the canted Magic launch rails, allowing fire under G stress
</gallery>

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Bloch}}{{France jet aircraft}}

Template:AirManufacturer Dassault

2021-04-09T13:38:43Z

U108381718: Added the Mirage IIIE to the template

{{Navigation-Start|Marcel Bloch Aviation Society* (''Société des Avions Marcel Bloch'')}}

{{Navigation-First-Line|Fighters}}{{Specs-Link|mb_152c1}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|mb_157}}

{{Navigation-Line|Bombers}}{{Specs-Link|mb_162}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|mb_174_a3}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|mb_175t}}

{{Navigation-Line|Jet Fighters}}{{Specs-Link|md_450b_barougan}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|md_450b_ouragan}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|md_452_mystere_2a}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|md_452_mystere_2c_preproduction}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|md_460}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|etndard_4m}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|mirage_3c}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|mirage_3e}}

{{Navigation-First-Line|}}* Marcel Bloch changed his last name to ''Dassault'' and the company name changed to ''Avions Marcel Dassault'' or Marcel Dassault Aircraft in 1947.

{{Navigation-End}}<noinclude>
[[Category:France vehicles]]
[[Category:Aircraft manufacturers]]
</noinclude>

User:U108381718

2021-04-08T18:10:41Z

U108381718: In-game detail

Don't judge me from the outside, or from 5km away, but rather judge me from how much smoke is pouring out of my engines. ('''I go under Fallcore737 in-game, currently affiliated with =BR0YS=)'''

AV-8C

2021-04-08T18:08:42Z

U108381718: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = American strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Harrier (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=av_8c
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "New Power"]]. Like all members of the [[Harrier (Family)|Harrier family]], the AV-8C is a [[VTOL]] aircraft with thrust vectoring nozzles, which allow it to take off and land vertically.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,143 || 1,137 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 32.5 || 33.7 || 69.5 || 67.8 || rowspan="2" | 550
|-
! Upgraded
|1,161||1,152||31.5||32.0||106.1||87.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 828 || 556 || ~14 || ~6
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 648 || < 950 || < 790 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic Mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot, engine oil, and full water tank; but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Rolls-Royce F402-RR-402 || 1
| colspan="2" | 5,918 kg || colspan="3" | 439 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 34m fuel
|-
| 1,687 kg || colspan="2" | Vectored-thrust low-bypass turbofan
| 6,605 kg || 7,292 kg || 7,978 kg || 8,253 kg || 12,679 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 10m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 34m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 9,071 kgf || 9,625 kgf
| 1.46 || 1.32 || 1.21 || 1.17 || 0.76
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 9,071 kgf (0 km/h) || 9,625 kgf (0 km/h)
| 1.46 || 1.32 || 1.21 || 1.17 || 0.76
|-
|}
{{Notice|The F402-RR-402 engine loses a significant amount of thrust as your speed increases}}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The AV-8C has no armour. The engine and all fuel tanks are packed in a tight cluster in the centre of the fuselage.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|ADEN Mk.4 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 30 mm ADEN Mk.4 cannons, belly-mounted (200 rpg = 400 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|LDGP Mk 81 (250 lb)|LDGP Mk 82 (500 lb)|LDGP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)}}
{{main|AIM-9G Sidewinder|FFAR Mighty Mouse|Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 5 x 250 lb LDGP Mk 81 bombs (1,250 lb total)
* 5 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (2,500 lb total)
* 2 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (2,000 lb total)
* 2 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs + 3 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (3,500 lb total)
* 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles
* 28 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 76 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 16 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets
* 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles + 3 x 250 lb LDGP Mk 81 bombs (750 lb total)
* 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles + 3 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (1,500 lb total)
* 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles + 2 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (2,000 lb total)
* 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles + 2 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs + 1 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bomb (2,500 lb total)
* 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles + 14 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles + 38 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 2 x AIM-9G Sidewinder missiles + 8 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets

== Usage in battles ==

The AV-8C can be considered a multirole aircraft which can focus in air-to-air combat, air to ground combat and air to sea combat. Its firepower and ordnance make it a competitive aircraft in all game modes. The roles can be divided in such:

'''When air to air:'''

The Harrier has access to AIM-9G Sidewinder air to air missiles capable of taking down all enemy aircraft in the game. It should be noted that the AIM-9G is a rear-aspect lock-on missile, meaning the Harrier must be behind the enemy aircraft to be able to launch the missile.

''When facing enemy bombers:''

Enemy bombers are the easiest targets for the Harrier both in gun strafe and when using missiles as they lack agility when dogfighting against the Harrier and countermeasures such as flares to be able to counter the missiles. It is unlikely to face enemy bombers besides the [[Vautour IIA IDF/AF (France)|Vautour IIA IDF/AF]] as most of them stay at 8.0. AI-controlled bombers are the exception.

''When facing enemy attackers:''

When facing player-controlled attackers (not neccesarily planes labelled as attackers but planes who focus on ground striking), the pilot must stay aware that, besides the Harrier superior mobility, they can outturn you as they will often fly at lower speeds than you, meaning their turn radius compared to yours will be much smaller. Most of the enemy planes that do CAS runs will often be enemy fighters (not labelled as attackers) but with ground ordnance, meaning they can or will be heavier than you, increasing drag and reducing agility when in a dogfight, use this as an advantage.

''As an attacker/bomber:''

The Harrier has access to a wide variety of ground ordnance capable of destroying enemy ground units and bases. It also has access to CCIP ballistics computer (refer to [[Ballistic Computer]] for explanation) meaning the pilot has access to ground ordnance crosshairs which will increase ordnance accuracy, both rockets and bombs. It is not recommended to fly as a bomber (in terms of altitude) but fly as a tree cutter (as close to the ground as possible). This is recommended to achieve multiple things: radar interference, max speed, reduce enemy visibility and awareness. It also makes bombing easier without the need of ballistics computer (although it is recommended to use it since it will not require any practice). Time fuze MUST BE ADDED to avoid assault fuze explosion, risking your plane to be hit by the explosion causing a death. Ground striking ordnance should be taken at pilot's discretion, but it is recommended to take the 2 x 1000 lb and 3 x 500lb bombs in order to take a whole base completely and still maintain high speeds. It should be notted that you are unable to carry any sort of anti-air missiles with this payload.

''*Note: radar interference is mostly irrelevant in air realistic battles as the plane will still be highlighted and enemy pilots could use eye aiming. However, it will interfere with radar homing missiles (SARH missiles such as AIM-7E, R-3R, etc carried by F-4 Phantoms and MiG-21's) and will be your main line of defence when flying in simulator battles, you will be able to fly stealthily if flying in tree cutting tactic.''

'''When in combined battles (ground realistic battles):'''

This is where the Harrier is able to shine as an attacker, primarily using VTOL and hovering mode to an advantage (will be explained more detailed later). There is multiple loadouts which can be used in order to make the Harrier a scary attacker.

''Bomb payload:''

This is often the most used payload for multiple reasons: has the biggest explosion radius compared to rockets, are more forgiving when missing by couple meters, can take multiple targets with a single bomb. The use of ballistics computer makes their aiming much easier than with eye aiming both in realistic and simulator battles. The x4 1000lb bombs are recommended as, if aimed correctly, will destroy one or multiple enemy targets with a single bomb, meaning you are able to get at least 2 kills (as bombs drop in pair)

''Rocket payload:''

This is the trickiest but most rewarding payload the Harrier can carry (rewarding as it is able to make much more kills than bombs). Tanks can be taken with one to three rocket salvos (launched in pairs, meaning with 2 to 6 rockets in total). This means you are able to get 12 kills (considering you take 6 rockets per tank) if you take the 76 x Might Mouse rocket payload.

''VTOL trick:''

Harrier can be used as a helicopter thanks to the VTOL capabilities, rockets are recommended if used like this. It is able to hide behind mountains, poke to attack and go back into cover as a helicopter would do. Handling this technique can be tricky and will require practice but is an alternate way of playing CAS.

''*Note: AIM-9G are not recommended to be taken in GRB as most of the air to air engagements will be within a kilometre range specially since the AIM-9G turn radious is really narrow, meaning enemy planes can be taken with the 30 mm ADEN autocannons or be taken by friendly SPAA. It is not recommended to use them against enemy helicopters either as the autocannons are sufficient for them.''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* VTOL capabilities
* Versatile secondary weapons
* Jack-of-all-trades; can be used for a plethora of roles in Air & Mixed Battles

'''Cons:'''

* Subsonic
* Limited ordnance compared to conventional strike aircraft
* Can't really dogfight with almost any aircraft at its BR

== History ==


'''Predecessor: AV-8A Harrier'''

The AV-8A Harrier was an American version of the British Harrier GR.1 that entered service with the Marine Corps. Congress approved the purchase of 114 Harriers in 1970. Marine Attack Squadron 513 (VMA-513) was the first squadron to receive its Harriers, with the delivery taking place in March 1971; VMA-231 and VMA-542 received their AV-8As next.

It was mostly similar to the Harrier GR.1, but had a number of changes. All magnesium components were replaced in order to prevent corrosion. American identification friend or foe (IFF) systems and radio equipment were fitted. The British GR.1 was fitted with the Ferranti FE541 inertial navigation/attack suite, but these were replaced in the USMC Harriers by a simpler Interface/Weapon Aiming Computer.

The outer wing pylons were modified to allow the carrying of AIM-9 Sidewinder air-to-air missiles (AAMs). The AV-8A also utilized a more powerful version of the Rolls-Royce Pegasus than on the GR.1, the Mk 103 (called F402-RR-402 by the Americans).

'''AV-8C Harrier'''

47 AV-8A Harriers were upgraded to the AV-8C standard starting in 1979. Inertial navigation system equipment was added and the Lift Improvement Devices were also improved. Various components were also restored or replaced to increase the service life of the aircraft. The ECM capability was bolstered with the addition of the ALR-45F/APR-43 radar warning receiver and ALE-39 countermeasures dispenser. An AN/ALE-37 chaff-dispenser pod could be carried on a hardpoint.

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


* [[AV-8A]]
* [[Harrier GR.1]]
* [[Harrier GR.3]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6918-development-jump-jets-arrive-in-war-thunder-meet-the-harrier-en|[Devblog] Jump Jets arrive in War Thunder: Meet the Harrier]]

{{AirManufacturer Hawker}}
{{USA jet aircraft}}

R2Y2 Kai V1

2021-04-08T11:47:39Z

U108381718: Grammar errors

{{About
| about = Japanese jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = R2Y2 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=r2y2_v1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.43]].

Even though the R2Y2 is able to equip an 800 kg bomb, it wields a powerful set of 4 x 30 mm [[Type 5 (30 mm)|Type 5]] cannons, mounted in the nose. This aircraft trio is similar to the Me 262 series as they all lack an engine or propeller in the front of the plane. Thus, the R2Y2 and its German counterpart can wield an impressive set of cannons. The R2Y2 series wields four Type 5 cannons with a large ammunition pool. Although the rates of fire of these and the Mk 108's on the Me262 are comparable, this fact of a higher ammunition count allows the R2Y2 to be able to destroy more aircraft without having to return to base. In arcade battles, having a large ammunition pool is also useful as it will often be unnecessary to reload. 4 x 30 mm Type 5 cannons with a ammo load of 600 rounds (150 rounds per gun) means the R2Y2 is effective at almost any role you chose to play it as. As an attacker or an interceptor, the R2Y2 is an effective multi-role aircraft for the Japanese at era V.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 820 || 797 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.0 || 31.5 || 16.2 || 15.0 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| 883 || 851 || 29.3 || 30.0 || 24.2 || 20.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 498 || 469 || 320 || ~10 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 650 || < 600 || < 680 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Mitsubishi Ne-330 || 2
| colspan="2" | 5,400 kg || colspan="3" | 243 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 13m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 44m fuel
|-
| 1,200 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 6,142 kg || 6,513 kg || 7,043 kg || 7,784 kg || 9,950 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 13m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 44m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 1,300 kgf || N/A
| 0.42 || 0.40 || 0.37 || 0.33 || 0.26
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 1,300 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.42 || 0.40 || 0.37 || 0.33 || 0.26
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}
''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

* The R2Y2's biggest downfall is its speed.
* Start by unlocking the performance modules first, as they will increase survivability more so than any armament upgrades.
* Being able to use the "Stealth" belt for the 30 mm cannons is a huge advantage over Tracer and Universal, provided you can aim, as the Tracer shells have the HE fillers.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Type 5 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 30 mm Type 5 cannons, nose-mounted (150 rpg = 600 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|Navy Type 99 Number 80 AP (800 kg)|Navy Type Number 80 Model 1 (800 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 1 x 800 kg Navy Type Number 80 Model 1 bomb (800 kg total)
* 1 x 800 kg Navy Type 99 Number 80 AP bomb (800 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==

The R2Y2 is best utilized as a medium-altitude fighter in all game modes. Due to its lacklustre acceleration, like many jets, gaining airspeed as early as possible is crucial. Once the R2Y2 pilot loses his or her speed, they are easy prey for faster-accelerating propeller aircraft. It is important to always have a high speed when attacking enemies as otherwise they will often be able to slot in on your tail in a matter of seconds. This short time can be a matter of life or death as many fast-turning propeller aircraft such as the Spitfire wield impressive armaments with high burst masses. However, these advantages can be nullified once the R2Y2 pilot has the ability to dive away at high speeds.

If followed by a jet fighter or heavier propeller-driven plane, evading enemies with the R2Y2 is often easy. Though its maximum speed is lower than that of, say, the [[F-80A-5]], it is faster than certain early jets like the [[Meteor F Mk 3]], is a great climber, and has a low stall speed. It can turn better than many jets it faces as well. Needless to say, if an enemy is on the jet's six, the R2Y2 pilot can always call for teammate assistance. Not only can one keep the enemy greedy and focused on his or her tail, but this pilot can also "set up" that enemy for a teammate to destroy. If found alone, it can be possible to catch propeller planes in a "speed trap" where once you start to outrun the enemy you pitch up to gain altitude. Once the enemy propeller stalls out, dive on them. If the first pass doesn't result in a massive fuel fire and explosion, set up the same approach as before. Even if the propeller plane has the ability to outmanoeuvre the R2Y2, it is still very daunting to have to dodge an aircraft armed with four 30 mm cannons.

The R2Y2 can also be beneficial to any battles as a ground attacker. Its 30 mm Type 5 cannons have the ability to equip armour-piercing rounds which are capable of destroying light tanks, medium tanks, and light pillboxes, among other targets. This, coupled with the single 800 kg bomb, can cause some serious damage to the opposing team.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 4 x 30 mm Type 5 cannons mounted in the nose with a very generous ammo count of 600 rounds
* Very manoeuvrable for an early jet
* Frequently faces prop aircraft and early jets
* Clear cockpit with good all-round vision (excellent for SB pilots in particular)
* Engines mounted below the centre of gravity, allowing advance low-speed manoeuvres such as a double back-flip (without instructor)

'''Cons:'''

* Poor acceleration (although is decent at low speed)
* No armour protection whatsoever on the aircraft
* V1 version has wing-mounted jet engines that can be easy targets to hit
* Limited bomb selection if used as an Attacker/Jet Bomber
* Easy target
* Sometimes difficult to line up guns
* Poor rate of roll

== History ==

The R2Y2 was a jet-powered version of the R2Y1 designed by Kugisho. Known as the Keiun or Keiun-Kai ("Beautiful Cloud" in Japanese) the aircraft would be a high-speed jet-bomber/attacker that could be used in the defence of the home islands of the Japanese empire. The power plant of the jet Keiun-Kai would be a pair of Mitsubishi Ne-330 turbojet engines mounted in pods located, with one under each wing. Later versions (V2 and V3) would feature the engines mounted centrally within the fuselage.

The Y-40 project began with failure of the Kugisho R1Y1 (Y-30) project for a fast, high-speed reconnaissance aircraft. The development of that project, along with inspiration from the German Heinkel He 119, the R2Y (Y-40) project was developed. Initially intended as a fast reconnaissance aircraft with a long-range that could be operated from land bases across the Japanese Empire, that would avoid interception with high-speed flight, however, Kugisho also informed the IJN that the aircraft could be adapted to other roles. They proposed that the planned Aichi Ha-70 engine powerplant of the R2Y1 could be replaced by a pair of Mitsubishi Ne-330 turbojet engines. Nonetheless, work on the R2Y1 continued, however, it proved troublesome due to the Aichi powerplant. Issues with the R2Y1 airframe, its powerplant and interference from American bombing prevented the development of the project past the piston-engine variant. By April 1945 the first prototype of the Keiun was ready for initial trials, with the first flight in early May of the same year. The R2Y1 suffered engine-cooling issues during its early development, and fire occurred during ground-testing that would damage the aircraft and its powerplant.

This would not be the only disaster of the project, as the first prototype was completely destroyed by a bombing raid, further damaging the R2Y's chances of ever becoming an operational aircraft. The second R2Y1 prototype was still under construction at the time of the Japanese surrender on August 15th and the R2Y2 remained on the drawing board.

===V1 Variant===
The V1 variant of the R2Y2 featured a somewhat conventional design for an early jet aircraft in that it featured two engines (due to the low thrust and power of early jets) mounted in pods, with one under each wing. A similar configuration to that featured on the [[Me 262 (Family)|Me 262 Schwalbe]], [[Meteor (Family)|Gloster Meteor]] and [[Kikka|Nakajima Kikka]] jet aircraft. All 3 variants feature a pair of Mitsubishi Ne-330 turbojet engines. The V1 is the R2Y2 in its most basic configuration that was very much the rushed conversion from the R2Y1. Due to the limited time frame on the project and the severity of the situation facing Japan in 1945, the V1 was chosen out of the 3 proposed R2Y2 variants, due to the lower cost to produce it.

For further development, see the R2Y2 [[R2Y2 Kai V2|V2]] and [[R2Y2 Kai V3|V3]].

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=japan&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=jet_fighter&vehicle=r2y2_v1 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed">
File:FighterImage_Shot-2014.06.11-17.26.34.jpg|R2Y2 V1
File:FighterImage_R2Y2V1.jpg|Alternative "Spotted Camouflage" skin available to unlock or purchase for the R2Y2 V1
</gallery>

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/devblog/current/634|[Devblog] R2Y2 Keiun-Kai V1, V2, V3]]

{{AirManufacturer Yokosuka}}
{{Japan jet aircraft}}

N1K1-Ja

2021-04-08T11:41:14Z

U108381718: Removed an outdated con

{{About
| about = Japanese fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = N1K (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=n1k1_ja
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.59 "Flaming Arrows"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,200 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 591 || 576 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 18.8 || 19.4 || 13.6 || 13.6 || rowspan="2" | 300
|-
! Upgraded
| 637 || 614 || 17.8 || 18.0 || 23.1 || 17.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 487 || 445 || 390 || ~14 || ~7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 430 || < 460 || < 400 || > 324
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 70 mm Bulletproof glass - Armoured windscreen
* 12 mm Steel plate in pilot's seat

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Type 99 Model 2 (20 mm)|Type 97 navy (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 20 mm Type 99 Model 2 cannons, wing-mounted (100 rpg = 400 total)
* 2 x 7.7 mm Type 97 navy machine guns, nose-mounted (550 rpg = 1,100 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|Navy Type 97 Number 6 (60 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 60 kg Navy Type 97 Number 6 bombs (120 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==

As the first aircraft in the famed land-based N1K fighter series, the N1K1-Ja is a very interesting aircraft to fly. It will struggle to out-run or out-climb most fighters at its BR, but can make use of some nice features such as its extremely good medium-speed manoeuvrability and strong armament.

Firstly, the N1K1-Ja is slow. It's top speed is barely 600 km/h in a straight line when spaded, meaning that it will be outrun by almost every fighter at its BR, and even by some bombers too. Thus, boom & zoom will not work with this plane due to its low speed. However, the N1K1 does have a key advantage, being its great mid-speed manoeuvrability. Though it isn't as manoeuvrable as the famed A6M 'Zero', it can easily out-turn most enemies it commonly faces, save for aircraft from its own country and a few Spitfires. When in battle, utilize the N1K1-Ja's good mid-speed (350-450 km/h) manoeuvrability to win dogfights with enemies it commonly faces.

==== Tactics ====
At the start of the battle, climb up a decently achievable altitude of 3000-4000 metres. Of course, be aware that many enemies (such as the [[Spitfire F Mk IXc|Spitfire]], [[Bf 109 (Family)|Bf-109]] and [[I-225]]) will be able to climb faster than you. Once at altitude, look for targets to engage. Bombers are great targets as they will be shredded by the N1K1-Ja's large main armament; however, beware of their defensive guns, as the N1K1 doesn't have great armour protection and will easily be pilot-sniped or set on fire. Against other fighters, utilize your turn rate to your advantage, as the N1K1 is rather disadvantaged in most other regards. Force enemies to turn fight at slightly higher speeds, where their turn rate will be impeded.

When being pursued by other aircraft, there are several strategies to use. Firstly, against faster aircraft such as the [[P-47D-25|P-47]], [[P-51D-30|P-51]] or [[Fw 190 A-5/U2|Fw 190]], allow them to dive on you and then turn out and force them to enter a turning engagement with you. If the pilot decides to climb and disengage, there isn't much you can do as they have (typically) better climb rate and energy retention. Do not follow them up the climb, it is a death trap. Instead, disengage and fly away to engage someone else. Against more manoeuvrable targets such as the Spitfire, a variety of tactics must be used as the Spitfire can out-turn the N1K1 at lower speeds.

==== Specific enemies to take note of ====

* [[P-47 (Family)|P-47]] / [[P-51 (Family)|P-51]]: This duo of American fighters, though not entirely similar, can be countered with a similar playstyle - just try to force them to turn, especially at lower speeds. The P-47 is simply horrible at turning, while the P-51 is designed for higher speeds and thus lacks low-speed manoeuvrability. Don't bother trying to follow them, especially if one has made a B & Z attempt on you and is running away - your top speed is a solid 100 km/h slower than theirs.
* [[Fw 190 (Family)|Fw 190]]: The Fw 190s are also extremely dangerous opponents, having an excellent roll rate and great diving capabilities. Again, try to force a turnfight, as the Fw 190's turn rate is even worse than the P-47's. If they try to disengage by pulling roll-heavy manoeuvres like the scissors, do not follow them. They can out-roll you by a significant margin.
* [[Spitfire LF Mk IX|Spitfire]]: The famed Spitfires are extremely hard to deal with, as the Merlin-powered ones can out-turn you while the Griffon-powered ones can out-run and out-climb you significantly. Against these aircraft, the best option is to simply seek the help of teammates, as the N1K1-Ja will likely lose against a Spitfire in a dogfight.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Reasonable manoeuvrability at medium speeds (300-500 km/h)
* Great energy retention
* Solid acceleration once upgraded
* Combat flaps are efficient while in dogfighting
* Decent rate of climb
* Powerful armament of 4 x 20 mm cannons plus 2 x 7.7 mm MGs
* Relatively good diving characteristics for a Japanese aircraft

'''Cons:'''

* Mediocre roll rate
* Severely stiffens at higher speeds
* Can be outmanoeuvred easily by the fighters at its tier if not used correctly
* Unless approached correctly, completely outclassed by the Spitfire Mk IX and F8Fs
* Ammo capacity of cannons is quite small, only 100 RPG which is far less than its later models
* Weak stock belts, which can only be unlocked at tier III
* Can catch on fire easily, and often gets destroyed in the process

== History ==

{{main|N1K (Family)|l1=History of the N1K}}
In late 1941, as the 15-shi was still in development, some engineers were already concerned and proposed it would also be the basis of a formidable land-based fighter and a land-based version was produced as a private venture by the company. This version flew on 27 December 1942 powered by a Nakajima NK9A Homare 11 18-cylinder radial engine, replacing the less powerful Mitsubishi MK4C Kasei 13 of the [[N1K1]].

As the navy canceled its orders on the Kyōfū, Kawanishi was opted with 3 choices:

* Repurpose the [[H8K2|H8K, Type 2 Flying Boat]] as a land-based bomber
* Create a new carrier based fighter
* Repurpose the [[N1K1|15-shi (N1K, Kyōfū)]] as a land-based fighter

Kawanishi decided to further promote development of the land-based fighter version. Even though some Navy engineers showed concern that Kawanishi wouldn't be a suited designer of land-based planes due the few experience they have on land, the plane still showed great potential and was quickly evaluated by the Navy. Aside from engine problems stemming from rushed engine development and some landing gear issues, the Navy was thoroughly impressed as its speed was far faster than the [[A6M (Family)|A6M]] and its maximum range was beyond that of the [[J2M (Family)|Raiden]] and ordered its production as the '''N1K1-J, Shiden'''.

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|v8iCEAEtszE|'''The Shooting Range #39''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 00:24 discusses the N1K1-Ja.}}

== See also ==


;;Related Development

* [[N1K1]] - (Kyofu Model 11; Base hydroplane model)
* [[N1K1-Ja]] - (Shiden Model 11A; N1K1-J with 7.7mm's removed from the fuselage and 4x20mm in the wings)
* [[N1K2-J]] - (Shiden Kai Model 21; Redesigned wings and fuselage)
* [[N1K2-Ja]] - (Shiden Kai Model 21A; More powerful engine, larger prop)


== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/3753-development-n1k1-ja-violet-lightning-en|[Devblog] N1K1-Ja : Violet Lightning]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/315756-kawanishi-n1k1-j-ko/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Kawanishi}}
{{Japan fighters}}

I-15 M-25

2021-04-08T11:37:25Z

U108381718: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = Russian fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other uses
| link = I-15 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=i-15_1935_moscow
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_i-15_1935_moscow.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

The I-15 R is a single-engine fighter developed from the OKB Polikarpov I-15 (TsKB-3) for a 1935 release. Attempt to introduction the Soviet license modification of the Wright Cyclone SGR-1820 engine under the designation M-25 was progressing very slowly, therefore most of the production I-15 aircraft at this time were outfitted with the 9-cylinder Gnome et Rhône air-cooled M-22 engines (the licensed version of the British Bristol Jupiter VI) which had a nominal power of only 480 hp, which caused this aircraft's flight performance to suffer.

While on the final production series of this aircraft the M-25 engines were installed, this version of the aircraft in-game features the weaker M-22 engine.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The I-15 M-22 has decent performance as a reserve fighter even with the lacklustre M-22 engine. This aircraft will often get into aerial engagements averaging with a 1.0 battle rating, however, the I-15 M-22 can still be a formidable machine, even in the hands of a novice:

* Rate of climb - Among the reserve aircraft, the I-15 does not have the best performance in climb rate, but because early matches consist of low-level dog-fights which take place at +/- the same height, this is not an issue.
* The top speed of this fighter is not a record characteristic of the "Seagulls". While it is possible to catch up to and overtake the German He.51, most of the other remaining reserve aircraft are superior to this Soviet fighter, especially aircraft reaching into the Battle ratings of 1.3-2.0,
* While lacking advantages with speed and rate of climb, manoeuvrability is one of the best advantages in the game for this aircraft in early matches. In fact, due to the quick turn time, the "Seagull" pilot is able to outmanoeuvre many other early aircraft in the game.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 356 || 345 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 8.4 || 8.7 || 10.5 || 10.5 || rowspan="2" | 125
|-
! Upgraded
| 378 || 368 || 7.8 || 8.0 || 17.2 || 13.4
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || 320 || ~9 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 250 || < 260 || < 260 || > 190
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 1,000 m || 570 hp || N/A
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


Early attempts to protect the pilot outfitted the aircraft with a 9-mm armoured backrest. Although many of the planes encountered in early battles and other I-15s do not have any armour at all, the survivability of the Seagull leaves much to be desired - unprotected fuel tanks can catch fire while fragile wings and fuselage can easily detach from a relatively short burst of a machine gun or cannon fire. Owing to an inefficient cooling system, the player is forced to make full use of the manoeuvrability of the aircraft.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|PV-1 (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 7.62 mm PV-1 machine guns, nose-mounted (750 rpg = 3,000 total)

The I-15 is armed with 4 x PV-1 machine guns with a total ammunition load of 3,000 rounds. The damage dealt from these machine guns is not bad, especially against biplanes and early wooden monoplanes, however, with opponents having a greater battle rating, the pilot will need to test different options to see what works best for them. Recommended belts for this aircraft are either universal or tracers. While using an all tracer belt does not seem as powerful as the universal belt, they are extremely effective against early aircraft by lighting fuel tanks on fire, knocking out pilots and are extremely easy to use for new pilots as they will be able to see where all of their rounds are going and adjust fire to compensate when necessary. For the advanced pilot who wants to exercise the element of surprise, Stealth belts are the way to go.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|FAB-50 (50 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 50 kg FAB-50 bombs (100 kg total)

Under the wings of the "Seagull", you can hang 2 x 50 kg FAB-50 bombs. Choices are very limited with early aircraft due to the amount of weight they can haul. Overall bomb damage is mediocre, requiring the pilot to drop their ordnance exactly on the enemy vehicles to maximize the chance for destruction or at the least, disabling of the vehicle. This aircraft is not meant to be a bomber, however, it does have the opportunity selectively take out soft targets on the battlefield such as mobile anti-aircraft vehicles and anti-aircraft artillery sites.

== Usage in battles ==

In aerial realistic battles, the use of gulls is very simple - removing the enemy fighters chasing the tail of allied fighters who failed to gain altitude. Doing so can make a high contribution to the development of the battle and seriously influence its outcome. During tank battles, the "Seagull" pilot can utilise the FAB-50 bombs to attack softer enemy armoured vehicles (if you practice, you can learn how to drop bombs accurately), and with the help of machine guns you can destroy equipment with open tops, exposed crews and various anti-aircraft guns and self-propelled guns from enemy air attacks.

I-15 is not bad for beginners who have just begun to master aviation - excellent manoeuvrability and good armament provide high chances for success in shooting down the enemy during frequent "Dogfights" in the lower battle rated matches. The main thing to remember for the I-15 pilot is the inefficient cooling system - even on winter maps, the plane is prone to overheating when continuously using the engine at 100%. Outside the active combat phase, it is better to lower the flight power to between 92-95% to preserve your engine for when you really need it.

With 3,000 rounds of ammunition, you can afford to shoot with low accuracy, especially if you are just learning how to fly and shoot, beware though even with that much ammunition it is very easy to run through all the bullets if you continuously hold down the firing trigger.

This fighter is relatively easy to destroy, however, you should be careful to face this enemy in a 1 vs 1 as this fighter does very well in a turn fight.

'''Simulator:'''

The I-15 can be used in turnfighting, bomber intercepting and ground pounding. Like in AB and RB, it is excellent in turning tightly and continuously, and it has lovely low-speed handling and low stall speeds (unlike its successor I-16), making it a great starter plane for sim. However it does have its drawbacks: the rather big nose blocks the visibility a lot, offering very poor over-the-nose visibility which is a disadvantage in a turn fight, because when leading a shot the enemy will always get obstructed by the engine, making the player guess the shot. Also its upper wings will get in the way when you look aside. Plus, it has an awful telescope-like gunsight, so when zoomed in the I-15's nimbleness is magnified, making the aim super wobbly. You cannot see anything around which greatly reduces your situational awareness.

Note: it is recommended to set the convergence within 300m, with vertical convergence on, because the majority of turnfights happen at that range or closer.

Note 2: in a turnfight you must get used to shooting without zooming in, as you really can't see anything with its awkward scope when zoomed it. However when tailing a straight-flying plane that scope doesn't seem that bad

Before engaging a fight, it is better to have an altitude advantage first. When approaching the fight try to figure out which is your teammate and which is the enemy, to avoid going for a second pass, as the energy retention of the I-15 is rather slow. Also pick your target carefully. For easier aiming, you want to go for those unmaneuverble twin engine aircraft like [[Ju 88 (Family)|Ju 88]] or [[Ki-45 (Family)|Ki-45]], or bombers if there are any. Given the bad forward visibility of the I-15, these are the best options as they are quite slow and sluggish, and are a bigger target to hit. However getting hits on them doesn't mean good damage, so you must be patient. When dealing with fighters, it is way harder to aim. The elevator control of the I-15 is extremely sensitive, giving it good maneuverbility, but at the same time, bad handling. The I-15 will respond in a very fast turn upon moving your stick / mouse by a little bit, which makes tracking nimble planes quite hard. But once you get used to it, try to lure every enemy into a turnfight, as that is where the I-15 shines. Quite a bit of bullets are required to effectively damage the enemy so you must be patient. If you find an enemy at your 6, utilise your great roll rate to do defensive maneuvers like scissors to make them overshoot. Or you can simply do tight turns, most monoplanes won't be able to cut inside your turn and they might disengage.

If you are not very experienced in sim, you can also go for even bigger targets (bombers) for easier aiming. However you want to be more careful when hunting bombers, since with the Sim control (whether it be mouse joystick or a real stick) the plane will manoeuvre much more gently, making itself a great target for the bomber's gunners. DO NOT follow behind a bomber's 6 unless you are sure that its tail gunners are unconscious. Chasing behind a bomber makes yourself stationary for the tail gunners, and you will be showered with bullets. Your big radial engine will usually get damaged. Instead, before attacking, get an altitude advantage over the bomber by flying around 2 km above it. The bomber should only fill up about 1/6 of your gunsight. The best position for an attack is at the bomber's high 6 so you can adjust the lead much easier. Dive at the bomber, but not directly at it, try to predict where you two will crash by imagining yourself as a missile, that's where you should aim at (deflection shooting). To maximise the damage it is better to aim for their wings and engines, as the fuselage usually soaks up quite some bullets. Only fire when the bomber passes in front of your guns. This short window might seem inadequate to do anything, but with a accurate burst on the engine the 4 MG can at least damage it. With an engine damaged most bombers cannot go far.

Ground pounding ability is average as there are only small bombs. The small 50kg bombs can be used on light pillboxes. Once the suspended armaments are gone, the 4 MG are good for killing soft targets like trucks, artillery and AA cars.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

[[Ki-27 otsu|Ki-27]], [[N1K1]], [[He 51 (Family)|He 51]], [[Gladiator (Family)|Gladiator]], etc;

Those commonly seen planes are equally good at turnfights and will be a hard target to down since they are very small and agile. To deal with them you need to practice leading and deflection shots, plus maneuvers like barrel rolls and scissors. They still need plenty of bullets to get damaged, so these kind of targets are the hardest to kill and requires great skills from the player.

[[Do 17 Z-2|Do 17 Z]]:

This early twin engine plane always shows up as an AI controlled recon aircraft that you have to down, which is a good news as AI won't maneuver aggressively. However this plane is extremely durable for the I-15's weak MGs. When it shows up as an AI, deflection shots are not recommended as the small shooting windows really does nothing. Instead, try disabling its 2 gunners first, then just sit behind it and burst on its wings and engines. When attacking the gunners try to not get your engine damaged by pulling evasive maneuvers as soon as the bullets come close, since the Do 17 can outrun the I-15 in a level flight.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Extreme turning abilities: one of the best turn-fighters in-game, able to turn tightly and continuously with other biplanes, has the best turn rate in the game when spaded
* Firepower is rich with 4 x 7.62 mm MG, moderate damage and plenty of ammo
* Good rate of climb
* Small silhouette meaning you are harder to hit
* 2 x 50 kg bombs allow you to have ''some'' ground-pounding abilities in ground battles
* Fixed gear is convenient for quick landings and takeoffs
* Very short take off distance
* Low stall speed, beginner friendly to land and manoeuvre
* Open cockpit allows you to easily hear nearby aircraft in Simulator
* Nose-mounted MGs means no need to worry about convergence distances

'''Cons:'''

* Very slow speed: cannot keep up with early monoplane fighters (eg [[He 112 (Family)|He 112]]) or even some bombers such as [[Do 17 E-1]]
* Will quickly lose speed gathered in a dive
* Average roll rate
* Open cockpit can usually get the pilot sniped
* Small 50 kg bombs require very accurate aiming
* Telescopic gunsight offers very limiting field of view in Simulator
* Big engine blocks the visibility over the nose, a disadvantage in a turnfight in Simulator
* Side views are obstructed by the upper wings and supporting structures
* Very wobbly with Simulator controls, making it hard to aim precisely
* Vulnerable to heavy machine gun fire (eg. [[Browning M2 (12.7 mm)|.50 cal M2 Browning]], [[Breda-SAFAT (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm Breda-SAFAT]])
* Wings can break in a dive or turn exceeding 560 km/h in RB/SB

== History ==

[[File:I-15_Chaika_Captured_by_German_Army.jpg|350px|thumb|right|An image of an [[I-15 (Family)|I-15]] captured by the advancing German Army at Prushany in 1941 during Operation Barbarossa.]]
The aircraft was initially developed in 1933 as a further development of the I-5 and I-6 with a specific focus in improving aerodynamics. On the first production aircraft set, the I-15 WR utilised the Wright Cyclone SGR-1820 F-3 engine which had a nominal power of 630 hp on the ground. In 1934 there was still no serial M-25 Soviet licensed engine, so the less powerful M-22 had to be installed (the licensed version of the Bristol Jupiter) - several hundred copies of them were produced in 1934-1936. In 1935, the aircraft was adopted by the Red Army Air Force as their premier combat aircraft. In 1936, only 12 combat vehicles were manufactured, however, in 1937, the I-15 went to serial production with the new M-25 engines. In the 30s, the aircraft had no equal manoeuvrability on the horizontal (8-8.5 s. turning time), was stable in all flight modes, easy to fly and had good takeoff and landing qualities. In the words of Colonel E. N. Stepanov, who fought with this aircraft in Spain and committed the world's first night ramming with the I-15 stated that "it is possible with a certain skill to catch up with your tail in a turn". This aircraft had good repair properties and vitality.

Further development of the I-15 became the I-15bis and I-153 "Seagull."

The good rate of climb of the I-15 allowed it to be used as a high-altitude fighter. On the first prototype of the I-15, after special training (maximally facilitating the construction and installation of a Wright Cyclone F-54 high-altitude engine), pilot V.K. Kokkinaki on November 21, 1935 exceeded the absolute world record of flight altitude, gaining 14,575 meters, unfortunately, it wasn't until 1936 that Soviet FAI records were recorded. Since 1937, work began on equipping the I-15 with a pressurized cabin, which made it possible to make fuller use of the height characteristics. The I-15GK and I-153GK were tested with Shcherbakov's cabin and several Polikarpovskiy's less successful I-15V variants. All variants with a pressurized cabin remained only in experimental status and never went into production.
Combat use:

* 1936 – 1939 The Spanish Civil War - Used under the name Chato as a fighter, attacker, and reconnaissance aircraft. In total, 368 aircraft of this type were used in Spain. This fighter went down in history as one of the best fighters in the world during this period of time.

* 1937 Second Sino-Japanese War – Used as a fighter. The I-15 worked together with the I-16 and utilised their talents with high-speed and manoeuvrability to shine in combat. In the summer of 1938, it was used in battles at Lake Hassan. 1939 - fighting in Mongolia on the Khalkhin Gol River, again was used as a fighter aircraft in conjunction with the I-16. Time was catching up to the I-15 as during battles with Japanese fighters it showed to have lost its manoeuvrability advantage and was starting to be bested by modern Japanese fighters.

* 1941 - Used at the beginning of the Great Patriotic War.

* 1947 - 1948 - Mongolian-Chinese border conflict, as well as the Mongolian-Eastern Turkestan border conflict.

=== In-game description ===
Polikarpov I-15 (TsKB-3) single-engine fighter, produced in 1935

The launch of the Soviet licensed version of the Wright Cyclone SGR-1820 engine, under the designation M-25, was quite drawn out; therefore, a majority of production I-15s were equipped with M-22 (a licensed version of the British Bristol Jupiter VI) nine-cylinder, air-cooled engines, whose rated power was only 480 hp. This significantly worsened the plane's flight characteristics.

Aircraft from the final production series had M-25 engines. In addition, they had one more pair of 7.62 mm synchronous PV-1 machine guns.

Most I-15s had fixed-pitch propellers, but some machines received VISh-6 controllable-pitch propellers.

In Spain, in the autumn of 1936, the I-15 fighter was used for the first time in the field. The first air battle involving an I-15 took place on November 4. A total of 186 I-15 fighters were received by the Republicans from the USSR.

I-15 fighters were also used in the Khalkhyn Gol frontier conflict, in the Winter War of 1939-40, and even during the initial period of World War II (mainly as ground-attack aircraft). However, the plane was considered obsolete even by the Battle of Khalkhyn Gol.

Stable and handy, with good flight characteristics, exceptional manoeuvrability, and excellent takeoff/landing parameters, the I-15 fighter enjoyed a well-deserved success among pilots.

Some I-15 fighters were used as personal command vehicles. For example, a drawing of a flying red banner with the words "FOR VKP (B)", i. e. "For the All-Union Communist Party (of Bolsheviks)", was applied to the fuselage of the personal I-15 of Brigade Commander I. U. Pavlov, and a bent white arrow directed down was painted on the red rudder. The metal skin of the nose fuselage was polished in a frost pattern.

On November 21, 1935, the test pilot V. K. Kokkinaki established the world's unofficial (as the USSR was not yet a member of the FAI) flight altitude record of 14,575 m while flying a special TsKB-3 with a reduced weight.

The I-15's manoeuvrability was excellent, and its short fuselage and large control surfaces ensured the fighter's agility. Not a single major rival of the I-15 in Spain (neither the German He 51 fighter nor the Italian CR.32) was its equal in these characteristics.

The I-15's full-scale production was discontinued in 1936. A total of 384 aircraft were manufactured at Factories No. 1 and No. 39 from 1934-36. In addition, 291 more aircraft were built under licence in Republican Spain.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Polikarpov}}
{{USSR fighters}}

F-4 Phantom II (Family)

2021-04-07T12:10:18Z

U108381718: /* Vehicles */

{{DISPLAYTITLE:F-4 Phantom II (Family)}}
== Description ==
The '''McDonnell Douglas F-4 ''Phantom II''''' is a tandem two-seat, twin-engine, all-weather, long-range supersonic jet interceptor and fighter-bomber originally developed for the United States Navy by McDonnell Aircraft.

===Nicknames===
{{Navigation-Start|F-4 Nicknames}}

{{Navigation-First-Line|'''▃ Official'''}}Phantom II
{{Navigation-Line|''' Official'''}}Kurnass (קורנס‎, Sledgehammer)
{{Navigation-First-Line|'''▃ Pilots'''}}Snoopy{{-}}Rhino{{-}}Double Ugly{{-}}Old Smokey{{-}}Flying Anvil{{-}}Flying Footlocker{{-}}Flying Brick{{-}}Lead Sled{{-}}Big Iron Sled{{-}}St. Louis Slugger
{{Navigation-Line|'''▄ Pilots'''}}Tomb (Early RAF Nickname)
{{Navigation-Line|'''▀ Pilots'''}}Eisenschwein (Iron Pig){{-}}Fliegender Ziegelstein (Flying Brick){{-}}Luftverteidigungsdiesel (Air Defense Diesel) or Luftwaffendiesel (Luftwaffe Diesel){{-}}Ölofen (Oil Stove)
{{Navigation-First-Line|}}World's Leading Distributor of MiG Parts{{-}}The triumph of thrust over aerodynamics
{{Navigation-End}}

==Vehicles==
===Rank VI===

* [[F-4C Phantom II|F-4C]]
* [[F-4E Phantom II|F-4E]]
* [[F-4EJ_Phantom_II|F-4EJ]] - (''Simplified F-4E imported to and license built by Japan'')
* [[Phantom FG. Mk1]] - (''British F-4K variant)''
* [[Phantom FGR.2]] - (''British F-4M variant)''
* [[F-4F Early]] - ''(Simplified F-4F imported to and license built by West Germany)''

==Media==
{{Youtube-gallery|59ssHY73g8A|'''The Phantom Family''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

[[Category:Family pages]]

F-4F Early (Germany)

2021-04-07T12:06:52Z

U108381718: Worked out payload details/ added link to F-4 Phantom II (Family)

{{Specs-Card
|code=f-4f
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=items_F-4F Early (Germany)
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} German jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]] as a reward for the [[wt:en/news/7107-event-future-technology-en|Future Technology]] event.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 12,192 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 2,066 || 2,020 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 26.5 || 27.8 || 162.3 || 152.4 || rowspan="2" | 850
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || ___ || ___ || ___ || ~__ || ~__
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < ___ || < ___ || < ___ || N/A
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M61 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 20 mm M61 cannon, chin-mounted (640 rpg)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|LDGP Mk 82 (500 lb)|M117 cone 45 (750 lb)|LDGP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)|LDGP Mk 84 (2,000 lb)|M61 (20 mm)}}
{{main|AIM-9B FGW.2 Sidewinder|AIM-9E Sidewinder|AIM-9J Sidewinder|FFAR Mighty Mouse|Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 20 mm M61 cannons (1,200 rpg = 2,400 total)
* 2 x 20 mm M61 cannons + 4 x AIM-9B FGW.2 Sidewinder missiles
* 2 x 20 mm M61 cannons + 4 x AIM-9E Sidewinder missiles
* 2 x 20 mm M61 cannons + 4 x AIM-9J Sidewinder missiles
* 24 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (12,000 lb total)
* 16 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (12,000 lb total)
* 11 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (11,000 lb total)
* 3 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bombs (6,000 lb total)
* 4 x AIM-9B FGW.2 Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AIM-9E Sidewinder missiles
* 4 x AIM-9J Sidewinder missiles
* 285 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 60 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets
* 18 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (9,000 lb total) + 4 x AIM-9B FGW.2 Sidewinder missiles
* 18 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (9,000 lb total) + 4 x AIM-9E Sidewinder missiles
* 18 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (9,000 lb total) + 4 x AIM-9J Sidewinder missiles
* 10 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (7,500 lb total) + 4 x AIM-9B FGW.2 Sidewinder missiles
* 10 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (7,500 lb total) + 4 x AIM-9E Sidewinder missiles
* 10 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (7,500 lb total) + 4 x AIM-9J Sidewinder missiles
* 7 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (7,000 lb total) + 4 x AIM-9B FGW.2 Sidewinder missiles
* 7 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (7,000 lb total) + 4 x AIM-9E Sidewinder missiles
* 7 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (7,000 lb total) + 4 x AIM-9J Sidewinder missiles
* 3 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bombs (6,000 lb total) + 4 x AIM-9B FGW.2 Sidewinder missiles
* 3 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bombs (6,000 lb total) + 4 x AIM-9E Sidewinder missiles
* 3 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bombs (6,000 lb total) + 4 x AIM-9J Sidewinder missiles
* 171 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets + 4 x AIM-9B FGW.2 Sidewinder missiles
* 171 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets + 4 x AIM-9E Sidewinder missiles
* 171 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets + 4 x AIM-9J Sidewinder missiles
* 36 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets + 4 x AIM-9B FGW.2 Sidewinder missiles
* 36 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets + 4 x AIM-9E Sidewinder missiles
* 36 x Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP rockets + 4 x AIM-9J Sidewinder missiles

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good performance at high altitude
* Can carry up to 12,000 lb of ordnance
* Varied and mixed armament presets allow for multipurpose usage in ground battles

'''Cons:'''

* Lacks countermeasures (flares/chaff)
* Lacks SARH missiles found on other Phantoms, such as the AIM-7 Sparrow
* Underwhelming performance at very low altitudes
* Lacks a [[Ballistic Computer]]

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


;'''Related development'''
;* [[F-4 Phantom II (Family)]]
;'''Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era'''

* Mikoyan-Gurevich [[MiG-21 (Family)]]
* SAAB [[J35D]]
* Dassault [[Mirage IIIC]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7104-development-craft-srafting-event-early-f-4f-phantom-ii-en|[Devblog] Early F-4F Phantom II]]

{{Germany jet aircraft}}

La-5F

2021-03-25T17:02:44Z

U108381718: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = Russian fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = La-5 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=la-5_type39
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.35]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The La-5F is a relatively heavy fighter which makes it a good candidate to perform Boom & Zoom tactics. Due to the reinforcements in its wings, it can execute rapid dives without the threat of breaking its wings. While limited turn engagements are possible under the right circumstances, excessive turning to include up to and past 180 degrees, will result in a significant amount of lost energy leaving the La-5F more times than nought, at the mercy of the enemy aircraft.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 5,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 569 || 548 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 22.1 || 22.8 || 11.8 || 11.8 || rowspan="2" | 370
|-
! Upgraded
| 623 || 591 || 20.1 || 21.2 || 20.7 || 15.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 447 || 418 || 270 || ~14 || ~14
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 380 || < 380 || < 380 || > 341
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 2,050 m || 1,540 hp || 1,870 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 5,400 m || 1,330 hp || N/A
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 55 mm Bulletproof glass - Windshield
* 66 mm Bulletproof glass (upgrades to 75 mm with "Armored glass" modification) - Behind pilot
* 8.5 mm Steel (upgrades to 10 mm with "Rear armor plate" modification) - Behind pilot
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 in each wing, 1 below the cockpit)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|ShVAK (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm ShVAK cannons, nose-mounted (170 rpg = 340 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|FAB-50 (50 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 50 kg FAB-50 bombs (100 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==
''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Good rate of climb without sacrificing speed (depending on the angle of climb)
* 20 mm cannons can chew up enemy aircraft especially when hitting in the right places
* Good at evading fire from gunners, rolling and turning can usually get you in close enough to engage an enemy aircraft
* With good evasive manouvers can tank a lot of damage

'''Cons:'''

* 20 mm cannons only have 340 rounds of ammo
* Can be outmanoeuvred by other nations with more agile fighters, Spitfires especially notorious with their exceptional turn rates
* Head-on fights will usually result poorly in the La-5F with many other enemy aircraft with superior weapon configurations for head-on attacks

== History ==


=== In-game description ===
The M-82 initially had two operational modes: the so-called takeoff overdrive which allowed it to reach 1,700 hp, and its rated power mode which amounted to 1,330-1,350 hp. However, it could operate in overdrive mode for only 5-10 minutes. By the autumn of 1942, the A.D. Shvetsov design bureau had managed to upgrade the engine, giving it the ability to operate constantly in overdrive mode. In practice, this meant a significant addition to the aircraft's power output.

From December 1942, the La-5 began to be equipped with the M-82F engine. At the same time, the aircraft's notation received the letter "F" (forsirovannyj, or supercharged).

Apart from its powertrain, the La-5N received a number of other upgrades aimed at increasing its flight and combat characteristics. In particular, the aircraft's overall weight was reduced.

The aircraft's armament remained the same as that of the La-5 Type 37.

All the aircraft's radio equipment underwent changes; apart from the RSI-4 receiver, now every second airplane in the series had to be equipped with a transmitter, and every third with an RPK-10 fixed-loop radio compass.

Air vents were installed in front of the cockpit windshield on both sides, to provide cockpit ventilation.

From the spring of 1943, the La-5F began to be produced with a lowered fuselage spine fairing and a convex drop-shaped cockpit. The armored headrest on the pilot's seat was swapped with bullet-proof glass.

This and the improved quality of the plexiglass gave the pilot an excellent all-round view. An emergency release system was fitted to the cockpit canopy in order to ensure that if the plane was shot down, the stiff canopy would not prevent the pilot from jumping out of the plane and parachuting to safety.

The La-5F was superior in all respects to its predecessor, the La-5, particularly at low altitudes, where it had a speed advantage of up to 40 km/h. Its climbing rate and operating conditions for the pilot had also been improved.

Production of La-5F Type 39 continued until the end of 1943. The La-5F appeared in large quantities in the Kuban region, at Leningrad and at Velikiye Luki. In total, 4,150 were built, including the La-5F Type 37 with a fuselage fairing.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/100464-lavochkin-la-5f/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Lavochkin}}
{{USSR fighters}}

H-75A-4

2021-03-23T16:47:17Z

U108381718: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = French fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = P-36 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=h-75a-4_france
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} French fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.75 "La Résistance"]].

In the early 1930s, the Curtiss-Wright Corporation began a private venture to build a fighter aircraft which was a revolutionary departure from earlier cloth-covered biplanes of World War I. This project aircraft under development was named the Curtiss Hawk Model 75 (later it would be known by P-36 Hawk, Hawk-75 – or just H-75 and Mohawk.) The P-36 was an all-metal monoplane (although the control surfaces were fabric-covered) with a 900 hp radial engine, enclosed cockpit and retractable landing gear. Early fighter trials paired this fighter against the Seversky P-35A where it ultimately lost out.

Around this time during the late 1930s, the French Air Force was lacking in modern fighter aircraft and realized that the domestic production could not meet the needs of the country. In light of this, France looked to foreign producers and approached Curtiss to produce an export version of the P-36 (which they were excited about) which would be known as the H-75. The first contract purchase was dubbed H-75A-1 of which 100 were contracted for. In December 1938, the H-75A-1 fighters were routed to France where they were assembled and where minor changes were made especially in regards to the armament, cockpit controls and cockpit instruments.

As the geopolitical situation rapidly disintegrated in Europe, France pushed for a rush order for 100 Curtiss H-75A-2 versions which were an improvement over the A-1, specifically with additional weapons and an improved motor. After the declaration of war with the Germans, the French placed another order for H-75A-3 versions of the aircraft which saw the first of them arriving in March 1940, however, due to the invasion of the Germans, some of the shipment was sunk at sea while the others were diverted to areas around North Africa for safekeeping. Similar to the A-3, the H-75A-4 only had a relative few arrive in France which then caused the bulk to be diverted to Great Britain as Mohawks.

The French H-75 aircraft continued to see combat throughout the war, both under the control of the Allied Free French Forces and the British and under the axis Finnish who received captured French aircraft from the Germans to be used against the Soviets.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The {{PAGENAME}} is a relatively easy fighter aircraft to fly and requires only a relatively short space to both take-off and land. Due to the fantastically low wing loading rate of 23.9 lb/ft2<ref name="JoeB" />, this fighter is an excellent turning aircraft and accompanied by a strong rudder can spiral climb easily, especially during WEP cycles. This aircraft has the advantage of being both a turn fighter and a Boom & Zoom fighter, depending on the situation, type of aircraft which are flying against and mission type. The {{PAGENAME}} will out-turn many fighters of its rank and can prove difficult to follow if attempting to shoot it down. The [[P-36G]] and the {{PAGENAME}} utilise the same engine, however with the extra two machine guns and associated ammunition, the {{PAGENAME}} model lags slightly behind the A with flight characteristics, but not noticeable enough for the upgrading pilot to realize while manoeuvring the aircraft. The trade-off for more guns vs. slightly hampered flight model is well worth it.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,810 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 537 || 523 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.7 || 22.3 || 7.0 || 7.0 || rowspan="2" | 343
|-
! Upgraded
| 586 || 560 || 20.7 || 21.0 || 15.5 || 10.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 488 || 446 || 232 || ~10 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 420 || < 380 || < 420 || > 300
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 9.5 mm Steel plate behind the pilot.
* No armour glazing

As with many early pre-war fighters, not much emphasis was put on the survivability of the aircraft. The best course of action was for the pilot to not let anyone get behind them. The {{PAGENAME}}'s only sources of protection for the pilot is the engine block and the 9.5 mm (angled at 24° for effective thickness of 13 mm), that being said, depending on the engine block to save the pilot may do so at the expense of the engine, thus requiring the pilot to glide back to base if possible or bailout. There are also two unprotected oil coolers if which are punctured, the aircraft will leak oil until depleted eventually causing the engine to seize up.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Fabrique Nationale Mle 38 (7.5 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 7.5 mm Mle 38 machine guns nose mounted (600 rpg = 1,200 total)
* 4 x 7.5 mm Mle 38 machine guns wing mounted (500 rpg = 2,000 total)

Armament weaknesses found in the early [[P-36A]] and [[H-75A-1]] fighters were addressed when outfitting the {{PAGENAME}} fighter as instead of installing four 7.5 mm Mle 38s, there were two more added to the wings for six total. Lacking the punch of the 12.7 mm, this fighter has to make due without the more powerful machine gun. While the engine cowling was already crowded and no more machine guns could be centrally mounted which required wing modifications to install two more 7.5 machine guns, for a total of two in each wing. For this aircraft, two machine guns are mounted in the engine cowl and fire through the propeller arc while the other four are mounted one in each wing. Due to the wing-mounted machine guns, convergence is a factor to deal with with the optimal range being 100 - 200 m, anything beyond this will still work, however, the bullets significantly start losing their punch. The increase in armament increased the damage output ability of the fighter Options in ammunition will allow the pilot to select the type best suited for their mission whether it be as an interceptor, ground target hunter or a stealthy pouncer.

;Option 1 Configuration (optimal 200 - 400 m convergence)

*7.5 mm x 6 = Universal rounds
* Universal rounds for the French aircraft have the most armour-piercing rounds coupled with tracer bullets than any other belt. The tracer rounds are important because of the ability to walk in the shots with the tracers (especially helpful in realistic and simulator battles where the aiming helper is not available for use) to the enemy aircraft.

==== 7.5 mm ammunition ====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="1" | Belt Type
! colspan="1" | 1st Round
! colspan="1" | 2nd Round
! colspan="1" | 3rd Round
! colspan="1" | 4th Round
! colspan="1" | 5th Round
! colspan="1" | 6th Round
|-
| Default || T || Ball || Ball || Ball || I || AP
|-
| Universal || T || AP || AP || I || I ||
|-
| Tracers || IT || IT || IT || IT || IT ||
|-
|Stealth || AP || AP || I || || ||
|-
! colspan="7" |T = ''Tracer bullet''; Ball = ''Omni purpose bullet''; I = ''Incendary bullet''; AP = ''Armor piercing bullet''; IT = ''Incendary-Tracer''
|}

This aircraft does not have the option to select any additional suspended armaments nor does it have any defensive weapons to counter any attackers.

== Usage in battles ==


Energy retention lends this fighter to be a great zoomer, dropping in for a shot and then speeding back up to regain the energy advantage. With this aircraft having such a low stall speed; it makes a great fighter to practice Rope-a-dope energy depletion manoeuvres. This requires the H-75 pilot to bait another fighter into following them in a climb, as the attacker attempts to get guns on, the H-75 pilot can start to spiral climb which will cause the attacking aircraft to pull a tighter circle haemorrhaging their energy. If done correctly, the attacking fighter will stall out and be completely helpless as they begin to fall back to the ground allowing the P-36 to roll over or Split-S and take out the stalled fighter below.

Most fighters are typically only good at one thing whether it's turning, speed or weapon systems, however, the {{PAGENAME}} is good at two, speeding and turning. This fighter has the ability to not only zoom attack but can also turn fight competitively with most other aircraft. There are few aircraft (notably the A6M Zero fighters of the Imperial Japanese Navy or the Bf 109 of the German Luftwaffe) which may outshine while turning or climbing, however, when utilizing flaps and rudder while turning, the {{PAGENAME}} can manoeuvre into some tight turns and allow guns to get on target.

Even with all of its power and mobility, the {{PAGENAME}} is a relatively fragile aircraft. Without much armour on the aircraft, many of its critical systems are exposed and it will not take much even from lower calibre machine guns to cause fuel fires, oil leaks and the engine shutdowns, not to mention a knocked out pilot. Situational awareness is critical to potentially know not only where the targets are, but also the enemy aircraft which are manoeuvring into position and ready to pounce. The weakness of only having six machine guns will require the pilot to get in close (50 – 200 m) to make the most of their shots as anywhere past 150 m, bullet penetration drops off considerably.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* High climb rate, especially with war emergency power applied
* Impressive roll and turn rate, highly efficient Immelman and split-S manoeuvres
* Strong rudder, excels in wing-over and hammerhead stall manoeuvres
* Slow stall speed (about 55 mph or 88.5 km/h)
* Six machine guns (comparable to [[P-36G]])
* Large ammo reserve of 3,200 rounds

'''Cons:'''

* Hard to control at high speeds (control surface stiffening)
* Armament is inadequate against bombers and other aircraft with rear-facing gunners
* Lack of adequate armour renders engine, fuel tanks, oil coolers and virtually defenceless
* Engine will overheat easily after using WEP for a considerable amount of time

== History ==


The P-36 Hawk began its life at Curtiss Aeroplane Company as a design in the early 1930s. A private venture by Curtiss, the project was headed up by Donovan A. Berlin, a former Northrop aircraft company engineer who was the principal designer and incorporated design portions of early Northrop designs.<ref name="MilFac" /> The P-36, at this time known as the X-17Y, was a stretch from the biplane years by utilizing an all-metal low-wing monoplane with fabric-covered control surfaces. This aircraft also featured retractable landing gear, which utilized a design put forward by Boeing Aircraft Company and required royalties to be paid to Boeing for every aircraft in which this landing gear was installed.<ref name="JoeB" /><ref name="AviHis" /> Initial weapon load-outs included the standard 12.7 mm and 7.62 mm machine guns, both of which were mounted in the forward fuselage deck and fired through openings in the cowling, synchronized to fire through the propeller arc.<ref name="AviHis" />

The initial flight took place in 1935 and when it was presented at a competition the next year, the competitor aircraft (Seversky SEV-2XP/P-35) was heavily damaged in transit. While Seversky took their aircraft back to perform repairs and modifications, Curtiss took the opportunity during this time to make some modifications of their own, and namely replacing the Wright XR-1670-5 twin-row air-cooled radial engine with the upgraded Write XR-1820-39 Cyclone radial.<ref name="MilFac" /> With the Seversky aircraft repaired, the competition was back on. Even though the Seversky aircraft underperformed and was more expensive than Curtis X-17Y, it was selected and an order of 77 aircraft were put in for, however later the Material Division of the USAAC contacted Curtis and put in an order for three examples as they were becoming nervous about Seversky's ability to deliver their aircraft on time. Curtiss worked on modifying the P-36 by again upgrading the motor and working on the cockpit, especially increasing the amount of area behind the cockpit where the pilot could see. During the 1937 competition, test pilots who piloted the P-36 all commented that the aircraft responded to pilot input favourable and at all speeds and even noted that it handled well on the ground while taxiing. With such a reaction from the test pilots, the USAAC put in an order for 210 P-36A fighters, which at that time was the largest single US military aircraft order since World War I.<ref name="JoeB" />

As the P-36 fighters began to roll off the assembly line, they were shipped to US squadrons, however, problems developed with the aircraft which left them grounded while waiting repairs. The P-36 continued to have problems, however, four P-36A fighters stationed at Wheeler Air Field in Hawaii were able to get airborne and attach a flight of Nakajima B5N1 torpedo bombers, claiming two shot down and gaining the first US fighter aircraft "kills" of the Pacific War. Despite this action, the P-36 fighters were withdrawn from combat outfits and sent to training units for new pilots to train on. While the P-36 did not see much action with the U.S., it did see combat action while flown by other nations such as France and Finland where they put the little fighter to the test and were highly successful with it. 10 P-36A training fighters were transferred in 1942 to Brazil where they remained in service until 1954.<ref name="JoeB" />

The {{PAGENAME}} was the last production batch of Hawk 75 aircraft built for France with around 285 built, but only 81 delivered before the fall of France. Undelivered aircraft were diverted to Britain as Mohawk IV fighters. Many of the French aircraft were captured during the fall of France and were shipped to other countries friendly with Germany and were considered challenging aircraft for the allies to fly against.

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|fIE7azd-oZ4|''War Thunder Realistic: H-75A-4 [Return of the Hawk!]'' - '''Jengar'''|bhqBIFzTqpI|''War Thunder - Update 1.75 - H-75A-1'' - '''TheEuropeanCanadian'''|RuuovKupZCY|''War Thunder : 6 KILLS 60 SECONDS RUN (H-75A-4 - French Plane)'' - '''Outchcapike'''}}

== See also ==


;Related Development

* [[P-36 (Family)|Curtiss P-36 and H-75 variations]]

;Analogues of other nations

* Polikarpov [[I-180S]]
* Bloch M.B.150
* [[IAR-81C]]
* Mitsubishi [[A6M (Family)|A6M]] Zero
* Nakajima [[Ki-43 (Family)|Ki-43]]
* Reggiane [[Re.2000 serie 1|Re.2000]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/86594-p-36-h-75/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* Militaryfactory.com website [[https://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=155 Curtiss P-36 Hawk (Hawk 75 / Mohawk)]]
* Aviationhistory.com website [[http://www.aviation-history.com/curtiss/p36.htm The Curtiss P-36 Hawk]]
* Joebaugher.com website [[http://www.joebaugher.com/usaf_fighters/p36_1.html Curtiss P-36A]]

== References ==
<references>
<ref name="JoeB">Joebaugher.com website (1999) [[http://www.joebaugher.com/usaf_fighters/p36_1.html Curtiss P-36A]].</ref>
<ref name="MilFac">Militaryfactory.com website (2019) [[https://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=155 Curtiss P-36 Hawk (Hawk 75 / Mohawk).]]</ref>
<ref name="AviHis">Aviationhistory.com website (2007) [[http://www.aviation-history.com/curtiss/p36.htm The Curtiss P-36 Hawk]].</ref>
</references>

{{AirManufacturer Curtiss}}
{{France fighters}}

Ar 234 C-3

2021-03-13T13:12:47Z

U108381718: /* Usage in battles */

{{About
|about=German jet bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
|usage=the other version
|link=Ar 234 B-2
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=arado-234c-3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German jet bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.49 "Weapons of Victory"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Ar 234 C-3 is all you need as a jet bomber. Acceleration is decent and maximum speed at 500 m is 850 km/h when stock. When upgraded, acceleration is great, energy retention is nice and can reach up to 900 km/h IAS at 1,000 m.

Climb rate is great even when stock. Combining the +3,500 m first spawn altitude and nice climb rate, the Arado Ar 234 C-3 is a great choice for bomber players. The dive speed is '''incredible''' and together with perfect energy retention, you can reach very high speeds in a matter of seconds. There is no WEP, however, but that's not very important.

'''How to land?'''

Landing is not hard, but a is little dangerous. You can land after a dive, as well as when slow. Landing at low speeds is really easy, but here are the steps when landing after a dive:

# Decrease throttle to 0%, go up at 90° and lose speed.
# After falling down, open combat flaps, then take-off flaps. Throttle must be about 30%.
# Open landing gear and landing flaps to lose more speed, landing with negative or 0 degrees is recommended (see the ''notes'' for why). Landing gear will extend really fast.
# You can land at about 300 km/h as well as lower speeds, so don't worry about it.
# Use brakes and the recoil of your two 20 mm cannons to complete your landing!

'''Some notes''':

* Do not power the engines off. You may need to throttle up and get more stability.
* Do not perform hard manoeuvres; you're at high speed after a dive so the pilot can lose its control and may lead to a crash.
* Flaps are really important for landing, so if you don't have them or they're damaged, decrease speed as much as possible.
* The mono-landing gear under cockpit placement is strong enough to sustain hard landing.
* Why 0 or negative degree when landing? There's no landing gear at the back. So approaching at a positive degree may cause the tail to touch the ground and cause a lot of damage.
* Don't worry about the absence of air brakes, as your brakes work well. Do manoeuvres at low engine power in order to lose speed.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 847 || 840 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 30.2 || 31.0 || 23.9 || 22.4 || rowspan="2" | 700
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 527 || 498 || 350 || ~8 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 500 || < 650 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | BMW 003 || 4
| colspan="2" | 6,700 kg || colspan="3" | 369 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 12m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 40m fuel
|-
| 814 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 7,720 kg || 8,340 kg || 9,115 kg || 9,890 kg || 11,100 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 12m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 40m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 801 kgf || N/A
| 0.42 || 0.38 || 0.35 || 0.32 || 0.29
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 801 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.42 || 0.38 || 0.35 || 0.32 || 0.29
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* No armour
* Fuel tanks in the fuselage

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, chin-mounted (250 rpg = 500 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)|SC1000L2 (1,000 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 3 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (750 kg total)
* 3 x 500 kg SC500K bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 1 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bomb (1,000 kg total)
* 1 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bomb + 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (1,500 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==


The standard bombs on the Ar 234 C-3 are 3 x 250 kg bombs and 3 x 500 kg bombs. You will have access to them even if your Arado is stock. Additionally, this variant of the Arado possesses 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, so one of the best ways to use your Arado to ensure you can farm RP and SL for your modifications is:

1- Equip the 3 x 500 kg bombs and start the match at the air spawn point.

2- On maps such as Berlin, move to one of the enemy bases and drop your 3 x 500 kg bombs. 1.5 tonnes worth of bombs are enough to destroy a base, so from there you have two options to choose from:

'''2.1 - Go back to the airfield and get new bombs''' 
If you choose to go back to the airfield to get new bombs, be aware that unfortunately, the Arado does not have any air brakes, which is a problem as it has particularly good energy retention and some pilots inexperienced in jets may find it hard to safely land.

When landing the Arado, decrease speed by turning before you reach the airfield (aim to be at 400 km/h or less) then align with the landing strip, activate your flaps and proceed with the landing. If using the landing gear, ensure that you are at extremely low speed before landing or that the landing strip is long enough to stop on. The Arado has extremely good energy retention and is very heavy, so it does take a long time to stop. You can land without gear, which, while obviously dangerous, offers a much better chance to stop in time on shorter landing strips. To do this, land flat on the belly and avoid allowing the wings to touch the ground before you stop moving.

'''2.2 - Search for enemy targets''' 
Once you have dropped your bombs, you can turn your sights to enemy aircraft; the Arado C-3 is quite capable as a fighter, especially in comparison to other German BR 7.0 jets. It doesn't suffer from the same issues as the Me 262, which lacks in power and once it loses energy, often struggles to regain it, or the Ho 229, which can rip its wings very easily in high-G manoeuvres. With the Arado, you won't encounter these kinds of problems, providing you don't attempt to turn fight. The Arado C-3 has the best climb rate of any BR 7.0 German jet. It also possesses a roll rate to rival the Me 262, so with your 4 powerful engines, you have everything you need to take on other jets. As such, once you've finished your bombing run, turn and climb towards the battlefield, and try to maintain altitude above other jets. Once you're reasonably high, pick vulnerable targets and dive in for a pass, taking a shot at them and then moving away to retain your energy. Avoid exceeding 750 km/h when stock, as the dive can become increasingly hard to slow. Once all modifications have been researched, however, the aircraft provides a reasonable amount of additional leeway before it encounters issues. If everything falls apart and you find yourself with fighters on your tail, try to keep accelerating if possible and try to lure the enemies toward your own teammates so that they can assist you.

'''Baiting:'''

The Ar 234 C-3 is a great jet bomber. With its 3,500 m spawn altitude, nice acceleration, energy retention and dive speed, you can easily become bait and set up enemies to be downed by your allies. To do so, climb to 4,000 m, en route to the enemy location, drop your bombs to lighten your load. Once in the vicinity of the enemy start to dive on them. The goal is to keep the enemy aircraft busy chasing you, however, if you happen to get behind one, don't be shy about introducing them to your cannons.

You can use cockpit periscope to check the type of enemy planes from a very high distance.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Incredibly fast with good acceleration
* Stock payload is very versatile
* Can destroy up to 3 medium tank/4 armoured vehicles/1 pillbox + a strategic base with 2 x 250 kg and 1000 kg
* Very good at destroying individual ground units in AB
* 2 x MG 151 20 mm cannons provide decent air to air performance with Air target belts as cannons take a while to jam and have a good rate of fire
* Very good climb rate
* Gear can handle speeds up to 400km/h
* Durable flaps that can be used at speeds lower than 550 km/h, even in the landing flap configuration
* Four engines provides the much-needed speed increase from the previous model
* Air spawn at 3,500 meters
* Very good energy retention
* Has periscope gunsight at top-right of the cockpit, aids in more effective targeting
* Periscope gunsight helps you identify enemy aircraft types sooner
* Small target compared to American (B-57s) and British (Canberra) competitors.

'''Cons:'''

* While stock, is hard to recover from dives in speeds beyond 750 km/h
* Pilot can be easily knocked out
* Can't carry many bombs, which means that you only can destroy 1 enemy base per bomb load
* Doesn't have air brakes, which when combined with the plane's very good energy retention can make landing potentially very dangerous
* No gunsight in the non-scoped cockpit, you have to rely on perception to aim
* Stock build aircraft handling feels heavy at high altitudes
* Worse turn rate than the previous model

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|GnkZaXRnPPI|'''Arado 234 C-3: Bullying Fighters''' - ''Napalmratte''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/262864-arado-ar-234-c-3/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Arado}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

User:U108381718

2021-03-13T13:10:15Z

U108381718:

Don't judge me from the outside, or from 5km away, but rather judge me from how much smoke is pouring out of my engines.

User:U108381718

2021-03-13T13:08:49Z

U108381718: Created page with " Allo allo. ''REMEMBER THIS, ARADOS ARE FRIENDS!! (The B-2s)''"

Allo allo.
''REMEMBER THIS, ARADOS ARE FRIENDS!! (The B-2s)''

Ar 234 B-2

2021-03-13T13:05:53Z

U108381718: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = German jet bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = Ar 234 C-3
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=arado-234
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German jet bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

The Arado Ar 234 was the world's first ever jet bomber and the second jet-powered aircraft to go into service with the Luftwaffe. The Arado showed great potential but was produced too late in the war and in too little number to have any major effect on the outcome of WWII. Despite its great speed and high-altitude performance, the Ar 234 was not invulnerable and some fell prey to the guns of slower Allied fighters. One major problem for the Ar 234 was its poor backwards visibility, as well as its lack of manoeuvrability at low speeds. The Ar 234 B-2 had a maximum bomb load of 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Usually it carried it as three 500 kg (1,100 lb) SC500K bombs, one under the fuselage and each of the engine nacelles. Alternatively, it could also carry a single 1000 kg (2,205 lb) SC1000 or SD 1,000 'Hermann' in place of the smaller bombs. Inside the cockpit, the standard equipment included a Patin PDS autopilot and a complicated Lofte 7k tachymetric bombsight. Other modifications of this bombsight can also be found on the Junkers Ju 88 (Lofte 7, 7C, 7D and 7H), Heinkel He 111 H-5 (Lofte 7A) and He 177 (Lofte 7B and 7C), Focke-Wulf Fw 200 (Lofte 7D and 7H) and the Messerschmitt Me 262 A-2a/U2 (7H, 7K and 7K-2). Both pieces of equipment could be used simultaneously.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The plane is extremely easy to fly, both in Realistic and Simulator battles. With payload attached, the speed must be monitored carefully, especially if you are taking off from a short runway. Dive bombing and low altitude bombing is not only possible, but also quite easy thanks to very good elevator control and rudder authority even at considerable speed. Landing is somewhat rather easy compared to other planes of same size and class thanks to very robust landing gear structure and good flaps characteristic.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 710 || 687 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.4 || 30.0 || 24.6 || 23.7 || rowspan="2" | 700
|-
! Upgraded
| 777 || 742 || 28.0 || 28.5 || 32.9 || 28.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 527 || 498 || 350 || ~8 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 500 || < 550 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Junkers Jumo 004B-1 || 2
| colspan="3" | 3,735 kg || colspan="3" | 252 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 24m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 60m fuel || 88m fuel
|-
| 745 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 4,578 kg || 4,783 kg || 5,294 kg || 5,805 kg || 6,760 kg || 9,350 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 24m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 60m fuel || 88m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 910 kgf || N/A
| 0.40 || 0.38 || 0.34 || 0.31 || 0.27 || 0.19
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 910 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.40 || 0.38 || 0.34 || 0.31 || 0.27 || 0.19
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 15 mm steel - pilot's headrest

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)|SC1000L2 (1,000 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 3 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (750 kg total)
* 3 x 500 kg SC500K bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 1 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bomb (1,000 kg total)
* 1 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bomb + 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (1,500 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==

'''Arcade''':

Due to the limited payload of only 3 x 500 kg bombs, this plane is most effective as a fast tactical bomber. It is very effective against any ground unit in-game, reliably taking out heavy tanks, pillboxes and destroyers. This can be done with a fast in-and-out approach, diving to do high speed, low-alt run over the ground targets then running to safety and then climbing while bombs reload to be able to repeat. If an enemy fighter does manage to catch up to engage the Arado, then you must resort to using the 234's excellent manoeuvrability to evade enemy fire until you can reach safety or help arrives. For ground attack, the 3 x 500 kg payload is the best option, as each is capable of destroying any individual ground target.

Some would advocate side-climbing and then high-alt base bombing. This may help ensure survivability, but in Arcade mode, the total bombload is too small to be very effective. While destroying the mini-bases may be useful, attacks on the airfield would be insignificant. In base-bombing roles, you may find that the upgraded bombload is worthwhile, as it has slightly less drag and slightly higher total TNT content within its bombs.

'''Realistic''':

Fast tactical bomber. Go in, destroy the target, either two tanks/pillboxes, or one strategic bomb-zone target. At this point the pilot has several options:

# Run back to base to rearm. Inform your allies about any foes you might have seen. On the second run, the Arado can either continue hitting ground targets/bases or loiter near the enemy airfield to bomb landed planes...though with many pilots being able to rearm in 15 seconds (even in RB) this can be difficult to achieve. Be sure not to be spotted!
# Mimic history and be a reconnaissance (and bait) plane. The Arado's top speed in combination with its manoeuvrability allows for great dodging ability. Used against the enemy team, they might chase the Arado and lose precious energy, making them easy targets for your allies. In addition, their location is revealed and shown to the team, too.
# Be "honourable" and utilize the only offensive weapon the Arado has: Itself. While ramming is a viable form of fighting for Arado pilots, other players ("targets") may be rather annoyed by it (the community term "''Ruse Cruise Missile''" originates from this).

Regular medium bomber tactics apply. Stay stealthy, stay fast and watch out during the landing approach.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fast and very manoeuvrable
* With energy can pull off snappy evasive manoeuvers to throw off enemies.
* Good energy retention + good dive speed = easy escape after the bombing
* Overheating is not an issue at all, even when stock
* Even the stock payload is enough to be effective
* Gets air spawned in realistic battles
* Can outrun most propeller aircraft ''after the payload has been dropped''
* Small target
* Very efficient in taking out individual targets in ground strike maps (AB), with maxed reload time can drop a salvo roughly every 40 seconds
* Durable flaps, combat flaps get warning at 530 km/h and landing flaps are still usable slightly before combat flaps' limits, which makes fast landing easier
* In very rare cases can fly with one wing without other internal damage if the pilot is able to recover from the initial crash (Tried and true)

'''Cons:'''

* No offensive or defensive armament
* Some piston engine planes can catch the Arado during a dive
* Tail is easily damaged
* Difficult to recover from dives at speeds higher than 780 km/h
* Poor high-altitude acceleration
* Can only carry three bombs and release them in two separate loads
* No armour
* The pilot is easily knocked out due to the absence of armour on the front of the plane
* Can be difficult to take-off with heavier payloads

== History ==

In late 1940, an order for a turbojet-powered reconnaissance aircraft was issued by the Reichsluftfahrtministerium (the German Air Ministry). The winning design was the Arado Ar 234, a high-wing, incredibly fast jet bomber/reconnaissance aircraft with twin Jumo 004 engines. Since Germany's resources were running low the prototype was only able to fly in 1943 and was only able to fly combat missions after D-Day. Even after these setbacks, it was still the world's first operational jet bomber and reconnaissance aircraft.

The prototype used a wooden tricycle trolley for take-offs and a singular skid for landing. Also, since the plane was so fast the only times it would be vulnerable was during takeoff and landing. The design soon moved to conventional landing gear after to trolleys were quite risky and during landings when the plane would tilt over at low speed. Also to accommodate the tricycle landing gear the fuselage was made wider. Plus, an autopilot system was installed so that as the pilot was on his bombing run he could concentrate on his bombing targets. One of the other problems that were worked around was adding Walther 109-500 RATO motors (Rocket-Assisted Take Off) were used to shorten the aircraft's lengthy take-off run.

The pilot controlled the plane from the forward nose compartment which had an incredible amount of visibility, though the position made the 6 o'clock position behind the pilot extremely vulnerable. So a periscope was installed to counter this disability. The periscope would have doubled up as a sight for the guns on the tail that were meant to be installed but never were. Also, it could serve as a dive-bombing sight. The control yoke was moved aside inside the cockpit so that it could be moved out of the way when on the bombing run. When this was moved out of the way the pilot looked into a bombsight located in between his knees. Like many German aircraft, the main controls and gauges were colour-coded for easy recognition by the ground crews.

The main unit to use this aircraft in combat was KG76 who were based in Norway, though other units also used this aircraft. This aircraft had limited usefulness as fuel and engine production was what would send it out of combat at the end of the war.<ref>Connor, R and Moore, C., ''In the cockpit II'', New York : HarperCollins Publishers, 2010</ref>

=== In-game description ===
The Arado Ar 234 Blitz (Lightning) was the world's first operational jet bomber, built by Arado in Germany during WWII. It was used by the Luftwaffe for reconnaissance from November 1944 and as a fast bomber against Allied targets from December of that year. Despite the fact that late in the war the plane was used only sporadically due to a fuel shortage, it remained a very difficult target to intercept because of its high speed.

As a bomber, the Ar-234B-2 could carry a payload of up to 2,000 kg and could also be used for reconnaissance.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/262863-arado-ar-234-b-2/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

=== References ===
<references />

{{AirManufacturer Arado}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

Ar 234 B-2

2021-03-13T13:04:10Z

U108381718: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = German jet bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = Ar 234 C-3
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=arado-234
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German jet bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

The Arado Ar 234 was the world's first ever jet bomber and the second jet-powered aircraft to go into service with the Luftwaffe. The Arado showed great potential but was produced too late in the war and in too little number to have any major effect on the outcome of WWII. Despite its great speed and high-altitude performance, the Ar 234 was not invulnerable and some fell prey to the guns of slower Allied fighters. One major problem for the Ar 234 was its poor backwards visibility, as well as its lack of manoeuvrability at low speeds. The Ar 234 B-2 had a maximum bomb load of 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Usually it carried it as three 500 kg (1,100 lb) SC500K bombs, one under the fuselage and each of the engine nacelles. Alternatively, it could also carry a single 1000 kg (2,205 lb) SC1000 or SD 1,000 'Hermann' in place of the smaller bombs. Inside the cockpit, the standard equipment included a Patin PDS autopilot and a complicated Lofte 7k tachymetric bombsight. Other modifications of this bombsight can also be found on the Junkers Ju 88 (Lofte 7, 7C, 7D and 7H), Heinkel He 111 H-5 (Lofte 7A) and He 177 (Lofte 7B and 7C), Focke-Wulf Fw 200 (Lofte 7D and 7H) and the Messerschmitt Me 262 A-2a/U2 (7H, 7K and 7K-2). Both pieces of equipment could be used simultaneously.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The plane is extremely easy to fly, both in Realistic and Simulator battles. With payload attached, the speed must be monitored carefully, especially if you are taking off from a short runway. Dive bombing and low altitude bombing is not only possible, but also quite easy thanks to very good elevator control and rudder authority even at considerable speed. Landing is somewhat rather easy compared to other planes of same size and class thanks to very robust landing gear structure and good flaps characteristic.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 710 || 687 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.4 || 30.0 || 24.6 || 23.7 || rowspan="2" | 700
|-
! Upgraded
| 777 || 742 || 28.0 || 28.5 || 32.9 || 28.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 527 || 498 || 350 || ~8 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 500 || < 550 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Junkers Jumo 004B-1 || 2
| colspan="3" | 3,735 kg || colspan="3" | 252 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 24m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 60m fuel || 88m fuel
|-
| 745 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 4,578 kg || 4,783 kg || 5,294 kg || 5,805 kg || 6,760 kg || 9,350 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 24m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 60m fuel || 88m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 910 kgf || N/A
| 0.40 || 0.38 || 0.34 || 0.31 || 0.27 || 0.19
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 910 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.40 || 0.38 || 0.34 || 0.31 || 0.27 || 0.19
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 15 mm steel - pilot's headrest

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)|SC1000L2 (1,000 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 3 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (750 kg total)
* 3 x 500 kg SC500K bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 1 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bomb (1,000 kg total)
* 1 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bomb + 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (1,500 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==

'''Arcade''':

Due to the limited payload of only 3 x 500 kg bombs, this plane is most effective as a fast tactical bomber. It is very effective against any ground unit in-game, reliably taking out heavy tanks, pillboxes and destroyers. This can be done with a fast in-and-out approach, diving to do high speed, low-alt run over the ground targets then running to safety and then climbing while bombs reload to be able to repeat. If an enemy fighter does manage to catch up to engage the Arado, then you must resort to using the 234's excellent manoeuvrability to evade enemy fire until you can reach safety or help arrives. For ground attack, the 3 x 500 kg payload is the best option, as each is capable of destroying any individual ground target.

Some would advocate side-climbing and then high-alt base bombing. This may help ensure survivability, but in Arcade mode, the total bombload is too small to be very effective. While destroying the mini-bases may be useful, attacks on the airfield would be insignificant. In base-bombing roles, you may find that the upgraded bombload is worthwhile, as it has slightly less drag and slightly higher total TNT content within its bombs.

'''Realistic''':

Fast tactical bomber. Go in, destroy the target, either two tanks/pillboxes, or one strategic bomb-zone target. At this point the pilot has several options:

# Run back to base to rearm. Inform your allies about any foes you might have seen. On the second run, the Arado can either continue hitting ground targets/bases or loiter near the enemy airfield to bomb landed planes...though with many pilots being able to rearm in 15 seconds (even in RB) this can be difficult to achieve. Be sure not to be spotted!
# Mimic history and be a reconnaissance (and bait) plane. The Arado's top speed in combination with its manoeuvrability allows for great dodging ability. Used against the enemy team, they might chase the Arado and lose precious energy, making them easy targets for your allies. In addition, their location is revealed and shown to the team, too.
# Be "honourable" and utilize the only offensive weapon the Arado has: Itself. While ramming is a viable form of fighting for Arado pilots, other players ("targets") may be rather annoyed by it (the community term "''Ruse Cruise Missile''" originates from this).

Regular medium bomber tactics apply. Stay stealthy, stay fast and watch out during the landing approach.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fast and very manoeuvrable
* With energy can pull off snappy evasive manoeuvers to throw off enemies.
* Good energy retention + good dive speed = easy escape after the bombing
* Overheating is not an issue at all, even when stock
* Even the stock payload is enough to be effective
* Gets air spawned in realistic battles
* Can outrun most propeller aircraft ''after the payload has been dropped''
* Small target
* Very efficient in taking out individual targets in ground strike maps (AB), with maxed reload time can drop a salvo roughly every 40 seconds
* Durable flaps, combat flaps get warning at 530 km/h and landing flaps are still usable slightly before combat flaps' limits, which makes fast landing easier

'''Cons:'''

* No offensive or defensive armament
* Some piston engine planes can catch the Arado during a dive
* Tail is easily damaged
* Difficult to recover from dives at speeds higher than 780 km/h
* Poor high-altitude acceleration
* Can only carry three bombs and release them in two separate loads
* No armour
* The pilot is easily knocked out due to the absence of armour on the front of the plane
* Can be difficult to take-off with heavier payloads

== History ==

In late 1940, an order for a turbojet-powered reconnaissance aircraft was issued by the Reichsluftfahrtministerium (the German Air Ministry). The winning design was the Arado Ar 234, a high-wing, incredibly fast jet bomber/reconnaissance aircraft with twin Jumo 004 engines. Since Germany's resources were running low the prototype was only able to fly in 1943 and was only able to fly combat missions after D-Day. Even after these setbacks, it was still the world's first operational jet bomber and reconnaissance aircraft.

The prototype used a wooden tricycle trolley for take-offs and a singular skid for landing. Also, since the plane was so fast the only times it would be vulnerable was during takeoff and landing. The design soon moved to conventional landing gear after to trolleys were quite risky and during landings when the plane would tilt over at low speed. Also to accommodate the tricycle landing gear the fuselage was made wider. Plus, an autopilot system was installed so that as the pilot was on his bombing run he could concentrate on his bombing targets. One of the other problems that were worked around was adding Walther 109-500 RATO motors (Rocket-Assisted Take Off) were used to shorten the aircraft's lengthy take-off run.

The pilot controlled the plane from the forward nose compartment which had an incredible amount of visibility, though the position made the 6 o'clock position behind the pilot extremely vulnerable. So a periscope was installed to counter this disability. The periscope would have doubled up as a sight for the guns on the tail that were meant to be installed but never were. Also, it could serve as a dive-bombing sight. The control yoke was moved aside inside the cockpit so that it could be moved out of the way when on the bombing run. When this was moved out of the way the pilot looked into a bombsight located in between his knees. Like many German aircraft, the main controls and gauges were colour-coded for easy recognition by the ground crews.

The main unit to use this aircraft in combat was KG76 who were based in Norway, though other units also used this aircraft. This aircraft had limited usefulness as fuel and engine production was what would send it out of combat at the end of the war.<ref>Connor, R and Moore, C., ''In the cockpit II'', New York : HarperCollins Publishers, 2010</ref>

=== In-game description ===
The Arado Ar 234 Blitz (Lightning) was the world's first operational jet bomber, built by Arado in Germany during WWII. It was used by the Luftwaffe for reconnaissance from November 1944 and as a fast bomber against Allied targets from December of that year. Despite the fact that late in the war the plane was used only sporadically due to a fuel shortage, it remained a very difficult target to intercept because of its high speed.

As a bomber, the Ar-234B-2 could carry a payload of up to 2,000 kg and could also be used for reconnaissance.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/262863-arado-ar-234-b-2/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

=== References ===
<references />

{{AirManufacturer Arado}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

Do 335 B-2

2021-03-11T13:54:23Z

U108381718: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = premium German strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Do 335 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=do_335b_2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} German strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.57 "Battle March"]].

The Do.335 can only be played as a ground attack or aircraft interceptor. It is not advised to dogfight or even to evade pursuing enemy aircraft. However, it is normally able to deliver the first strike, especially with its new designation as a Strike Fighter in the most recent update.

Its three 30 mm and two 20 mm cannons are able to make short work of any enemy vehicle which may try to oppose this unique plane. Not only that, it is able to carry up to 1000 kg of bombs. Its airframe is one of the strongest in the game. It is able to take hit after hit and can survive hard landings without too much critical damage. When the enemy is on your six o'clock, the rear engine is the most common part to be destroyed during that engagement. If the enemy is coming from the front they will very likely destroy the front engine or knock your pilot out. However, having one of the engines destroyed will not cause a large problem apart from a slower plane. Nevertheless, you should immediately disengage and return to base to repair.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 7,400 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| ___ || ___ || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | 500
|-
! Upgraded
| 843 || 789 || 24.3 || 26.0 || 17.7 || 10.1
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 386 || 280 || ~9 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 380 || < 340 || < 360 || > 350
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 7,070 m || 2,880 hp || 3,280 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 8,300 m || 2,800 hp || 3,189 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 3
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 9,200 m || 2,720 hp || 3,098 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 5 mm Steel - 2 x Ammunition protection plate
* 8 mm Steel - Behind pilot's seat
* 70 mm Bulletproof glass

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MK 103 (30 mm)|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 30 mm MK 103 cannon, wing-mounted (140 rpg = 280 total)
* 1 x 30 mm MK 103 cannon, nose-mounted (70 rpg = 70 total)
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannon, nose-mounted (200 rpg = 400 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (500 kg total)
* 1 x 500 kg SC500K bomb (500 kg total)
* 1 x 500 kg SC500K bomb + 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (1,000 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==


;Air defence

The three 30 mm cannons make it easy to shoot down even the heaviest bombers the plane will face even in an up-tier. Load the anti-aircraft belts, set the gun conversion to 800 meters, put the plane in a 15° climb to get to bomber altitudes quickly and you can snipe away every enemy bomber that crosses your path. Aiming the 30 mm cannons can be hard at first, but they have a relatively shallow learning curve and seeing enemies explode is quite rewarding.

;Boom & Zoom

While it does not have the capability to turn, accelerate or climb (sustained) quickly as might an energy fighting aircraft, it can be used to make quick, swooping attacks on enemy bombers, and in a limited capacity, fighters. Advantaged by its swift dive acceleration, Boom & Zoom is a viable tactic; however, it should be noted that prolonged engagements with enemy aircraft should be avoided, as energy fighters will quickly deplete its momentum, and turn-fighting aircraft will easily outmanoeuvre this lumbering aircraft. Instead, diving on a target with a lower energy state (it is permissible to engage some slower aircraft in level flight as the 335 can reach speeds well in excess of 450 km/h within seconds of levelling the aircraft out of a climb) and then simply running away and zoom climbing out of range if the target is not killed on the first run is a significant advantage for DO-335 pilots who wish to return home alive. It may take several runs to kill a target, even with the heavy armament possessed by this aircraft, however, momentum conservation is a key advantage of the 335, and multiple swooping attack runs disallow slow, "walking" adjustment of fire by bomber turrets, and can deny a turn-fighter an opportunity to attack, and potentially significantly drain them of energy. Targets in a higher energy state (More altitude and/or speed) should not be engaged unless you can ensure that once you have followed through with the attack run, you will be moving fast enough to avoid retaliation by the target.

Made a problematic aircraft to master by its poor manoeuvrability, both anti-bomber operations and ground strafing are a challenging task in this aircraft; however, it does have bomb capacity for 1,000 kg of ordnance and considering its speed, it is moderately capable in the role of a medium or strategic bomber aircraft. Subsequently, the ability to disrupt soft (20 mm) and hard (30 mm) ground targets far away from the initial fighter onslaught does provide some redemption for its poor anti-aircraft capabilities.

The Do 335's design flaws make it particularly inept at chasing other planes. It is nigh-impossible to try to aim while performing a dive since the nose dances around in all directions and provides no stability to the aiming reticle. Indeed, aiming at the enemy while climbing is prone to the same inaccuracy. Trying to roll the wings to enter a quick dive, e.g. to escape an approaching enemy, is more akin to turning a ship than a heavy fighter. During ground attacks, its inability to aim properly makes more of a "spray and pray" than an accurate firing platform. The most useful approach would be to dive on bombers and attempt to hit with the 30 mm cannon at a distance.

;Counter-Tactics


The Do 335 is fast in a dive but flies like a brick. Out-turning it is easy in almost all other aircraft it will face. Due to the centre-mounted cannons, it is best to avoid head-on attacks with it.

;Taking off and landing:

The 'Pfeil' has a rare push-pull design, with large twin vertical stabilizers with pusher propeller mounted behind it.

* '''Taking Off:''' Taking off when fully loaded out with bombs very hard and long. Do not force the plane to climb or you will hit the vertical stabilizer and cause damage to it. The worst case scenario results in the plane crashing.
* '''Landing:''' When on final approach, make sure you slow the plane down to ~270 km/h (~170 mph) before the gear and flaps are deployed. About 30 feet from the ground, lower the engine's throttle to 0% then flare slightly, land and apply full-brakes. **If you come in too steep, you will either hit the lower vertical stabilizer or the tail, if this happens - level the plane off and still continue with your landing. However in the worst case it could cause you to spin/roll and crash. The air frame is very strong so it should still be repairable in most cases.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very tough air frame
* Very good roll rate
* Powerful armament of multiple MK.103 30mm and MG151 20mm cannons
* Two engines in push-pull configuration - can fly with one engine if the other one is damaged
* Great acceleration when no secondary ordnance are equipped
* Excellent control in dives, it can dive at +450 mph (+725 km/h) and still be able to pull out
* Excellent firepower - up to 95 mm of penetration with HVAP-T Belt
* Excellent for hunting and destroying large enemy aircraft i.e. Bombers, float-planes
* Good choices for secondary bomb load, can carry up to 1000 kg
* Great RP and SL rewards

'''Cons:'''

* Large air frame
* Long take off strip required due to its heavy weight and large air frame
* Long wings
* Long time to deploy landing gear
* Pusher and puller propeller, dual configuration
* It is easy to damage the rear propeller and/or lower rudder on take off and landing
* Due to its unique configuration, it takes time to learn how to take off and land
* Rear engine overheats slightly faster
* Rear engine is more likely to be damaged during combat
* Mediocre rudder
* Mediocre handling
* Unable to dogfight any fighter aircraft due to its large air frame

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=germany&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=fighter&vehicle=do_335b_2 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|INb9VjLxKf0|'''Most unusual aircraft''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 5:02 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|xI8p0KZbcG0|'''The Shooting Range #65''' - ''War Machines'' section at 04:39 discusses the Do 335 B-2.}}

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/402957-dornier-do-335/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Dornier}}
{{Germany strike aircraft}}
{{Germany premium aircraft}}

Do 335 B-2

2021-03-11T13:53:20Z

U108381718: /* Description */

{{About
| about = premium German strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Do 335 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=do_335b_2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} German strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.57 "Battle March"]].

The Do.335 can only be played as a ground attack or aircraft interceptor. It is not advised to dogfight or even to evade pursuing enemy aircraft. However, it is normally able to deliver the first strike, especially with its new designation as a Strike Fighter in the most recent update.

Its three 30 mm and two 20 mm cannons are able to make short work of any enemy vehicle which may try to oppose this unique plane. Not only that, it is able to carry up to 1000 kg of bombs. Its airframe is one of the strongest in the game. It is able to take hit after hit and can survive hard landings without too much critical damage. When the enemy is on your six o'clock, the rear engine is the most common part to be destroyed during that engagement. If the enemy is coming from the front they will very likely destroy the front engine or knock your pilot out. However, having one of the engines destroyed will not cause a large problem apart from a slower plane. Nevertheless, you should immediately disengage and return to base to repair.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 7,400 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| ___ || ___ || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | 500
|-
! Upgraded
| 843 || 789 || 24.3 || 26.0 || 17.7 || 10.1
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 386 || 280 || ~9 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 380 || < 340 || < 360 || > 350
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 7,070 m || 2,880 hp || 3,280 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 8,300 m || 2,800 hp || 3,189 hp
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 3
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 9,200 m || 2,720 hp || 3,098 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 5 mm Steel - 2 x Ammunition protection plate
* 8 mm Steel - Behind pilot's seat
* 70 mm Bulletproof glass

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MK 103 (30 mm)|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 30 mm MK 103 cannon, wing-mounted (140 rpg = 280 total)
* 1 x 30 mm MK 103 cannon, nose-mounted (70 rpg = 70 total)
* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannon, nose-mounted (200 rpg = 400 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (500 kg total)
* 1 x 500 kg SC500K bomb (500 kg total)
* 1 x 500 kg SC500K bomb + 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (1,000 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==


;Air defence

The three 30 mm cannons make it easy to shoot down even the heaviest bombers the plane will face even in an up-tier. Load the anti-aircraft belts, set the gun conversion to 800 meters, put the plane in a 15° climb to get to bomber altitudes quickly and you can snipe away every enemy bomber that crosses your path. Aiming the 30 mm cannons can be hard at first, but they have a relatively shallow learning curve and seeing enemies explode is quite rewarding.

;Boom & Zoom

While it does not have the capability to turn, accelerate or climb (sustained) quickly as might an energy fighting aircraft, it can be used to make quick, swooping attacks on enemy bombers, and in a limited capacity, fighters. Advantaged by its swift dive acceleration, Boom & Zoom is a viable tactic; however, it should be noted that prolonged engagements with enemy aircraft should be avoided, as energy fighters will quickly deplete its momentum, and turn-fighting aircraft will easily outmanoeuvre this lumbering aircraft. Instead, diving on a target with a lower energy state (it is permissible to engage some slower aircraft in level flight as the 335 can reach speeds well in excess of 450 km/h within seconds of levelling the aircraft out of a climb) and then simply running away and zoom climbing out of range if the target is not killed on the first run is a significant advantage for DO-335 pilots who wish to return home alive. It may take several runs to kill a target, even with the heavy armament possessed by this aircraft, however, momentum conservation is a key advantage of the 335, and multiple swooping attack runs disallow slow, "walking" adjustment of fire by bomber turrets, and can deny a turn-fighter an opportunity to attack, and potentially significantly drain them of energy. Targets in a higher energy state (More altitude and/or speed) should not be engaged unless you can ensure that once you have followed through with the attack run, you will be moving fast enough to avoid retaliation by the target.

Made a problematic aircraft to master by its poor manoeuvrability, both anti-bomber operations and ground strafing are a challenging task in this aircraft; however, it does have bomb capacity for 1,000 kg of ordnance and considering its speed, it is moderately capable in the role of a medium or strategic bomber aircraft. Subsequently, the ability to disrupt soft (20 mm) and hard (30 mm) ground targets far away from the initial fighter onslaught does provide some redemption for its poor anti-aircraft capabilities.

The Do 335's design flaws make it particularly inept at chasing other planes. It is nigh-impossible to try to aim while performing a dive since the nose dances around in all directions and provides no stability to the aiming reticle. Indeed, aiming at the enemy while climbing is prone to the same inaccuracy. Trying to roll the wings to enter a quick dive, e.g. to escape an approaching enemy, is more akin to turning a ship than a heavy fighter. During ground attacks, its inability to aim properly makes more of a "spray and pray" than an accurate firing platform. The most useful approach would be to dive on bombers and attempt to hit with the 30 mm cannon at a distance.

;Counter-Tactics


The Do 335 is fast in a dive but flies like a brick. Out-turning it is easy in almost all other aircraft it will face. Due to the centre-mounted cannons, it is best to avoid head-on attacks with it.

;Taking off and landing:

The 'Pfeil' has a rare push-pull design, with large twin vertical stabilizers with pusher propeller mounted behind it.

* '''Taking Off:''' Taking off when fully loaded out with bombs very hard and long. Do not force the plane to climb or you will hit the vertical stabilizer and cause damage to it. The worst case scenario results in the plane crashing.
* '''Landing:''' When on final approach, make sure you slow the plane down to ~270 km/h (~170 mph) before the gear and flaps are deployed. About 30 feet from the ground, lower the engine's throttle to 0% then flare slightly, land and apply full-brakes. **If you come in too steep, you will either hit the lower vertical stabilizer or the tail, if this happens - level the plane off and still continue with your landing. However in the worst case it could cause you to spin/roll and crash. The air frame is very strong so it should still be repairable in most cases.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very tough air frame
* Very good roll rate
* Two engines in push-pull configuration - can fly with one engine if the other one is damaged
* Great acceleration when no secondary ordnance are equipped
* Excellent control in dives, it can dive at +450 mph (+725 km/h) and still be able to pull out
* Excellent firepower - up to 95 mm of penetration with HVAP-T Belt
* Excellent for hunting and destroying large enemy aircraft i.e. Bombers, float-planes
* Good choices for secondary bomb load, can carry up to 1000 kg
* Great RP and SL rewards

'''Cons:'''

* Large air frame
* Long take off strip required due to its heavy weight and large air frame
* Long wings
* Long time to deploy landing gear
* Pusher and puller propeller, dual configuration
* It is easy to damage the rear propeller and/or lower rudder on take off and landing
* Due to its unique configuration, it takes time to learn how to take off and land
* Rear engine overheats slightly faster
* Rear engine is more likely to be damaged during combat
* Mediocre rudder
* Mediocre handling
* Unable to dogfight any fighter aircraft due to its large air frame

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=germany&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=fighter&vehicle=do_335b_2 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|INb9VjLxKf0|'''Most unusual aircraft''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 5:02 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|xI8p0KZbcG0|'''The Shooting Range #65''' - ''War Machines'' section at 04:39 discusses the Do 335 B-2.}}

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/402957-dornier-do-335/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Dornier}}
{{Germany strike aircraft}}
{{Germany premium aircraft}}

F-5A (China)

2021-03-11T13:50:43Z

U108381718: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=f-5a_china
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Chinese jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at _,___ m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| ___ || ___ || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | ___
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| _ || _ || _ || _ || _ || _ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || ___ || ___ || ___ || ~__ || ~__
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < ___ || < ___ || < ___ || N/A
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M39A2 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm M39A2 cannons, nose-mounted (280 rpg = 560 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|LDGP Mk 81 (250 lb)|LDGP Mk 82 (500 lb)|M117 cone 45 (750 lb)|LDGP Mk 83 (1,000 lb)|LDGP Mk 84 (2,000 lb)}}
{{main|AGM-12B Bullpup|AIM-9P Sidewinder|FFAR Mighty Mouse}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 18 x 250 lb LDGP Mk 81 bombs (4,500 lb total)
* 5 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (2,500 lb total)
* 5 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (3,750 lb total)
* 3 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (3,000 lb total)
* 1 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bomb (2,000 lb total)
* 76 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 4 x AGM-12B Bullpup missiles
* 2 x AIM-9P Sidewinder missiles + 18 x 250 lb LDGP Mk 81 bombs (4,500 lb total)
* 2 x AIM-9P Sidewinder missiles + 5 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (2,500 lb total)
* 2 x AIM-9P Sidewinder missiles + 5 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (3,750 lb total)
* 2 x AIM-9P Sidewinder missiles + 3 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bombs (3,000 lb total)
* 2 x AIM-9P Sidewinder missiles + 1 x 2,000 lb LDGP Mk 84 bomb (2,000 lb total)
* 2 x AIM-9P Sidewinder missiles + 76 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets
* 2 x AIM-9P Sidewinder missiles + 2 x AGM-12B Bullpup missiles
* 2 x AIM-9P Sidewinder missiles
* 2 x AIM-9P Sidewinder missiles + 76 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets + 6 x 250 lb LDGP Mk 81 bombs (1,500 lb total)
* 2 x AIM-9P Sidewinder missiles + 2 x AGM-12B Bullpup missiles + 3 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bombs (1,500 lb total)
* 2 x AIM-9P Sidewinder missiles + 2 x AGM-12B Bullpup missiles + 3 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (2,250 lb total)
* 2 x AIM-9P Sidewinder missiles + 76 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets + 1 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bomb (1,000 lb total)
* 2 x AIM-9P Sidewinder missiles + 76 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets + 1 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bomb (750 lb total)
* 2 x AIM-9P Sidewinder missiles + 38 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets + 3 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bombs (2,250 lb total)
* 2 x AIM-9P Sidewinder missiles + 2 x AGM-12B Bullpup missiles + 38 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets + 1 x 750 lb M117 cone 45 bomb (750 lb total)
* 2 x AIM-9P Sidewinder missiles + 2 x AGM-12B Bullpup missiles + 38 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets + 1 x 500 lb LDGP Mk 82 bomb (500 lb total)
* 2 x AIM-9P Sidewinder missiles + 2 x AGM-12B Bullpup missiles + 38 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets + 1 x 1,000 lb LDGP Mk 83 bomb (1,000 lb total)

== Usage in battles ==

''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Many payload options
* AIM-9P missiles are quite effective
* Highly manoeuvrable
* Amazing energy retention, even in high-G manoeuvres
* Hard to rip the wings
* Can be used in many roles, such as fighter, attacker and base bomber
* Competitive speed at sea level, on par with MiG-21s
* Reasonable ammo pool for the cannons

'''Cons:'''

* No flares
* Low top speed, acceleration, and climb rate compared to its counterparts at 10.7

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==

''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{China jet aircraft}}

Ju 87 D-5

2021-03-10T02:13:41Z

U108381718: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = German bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Ju 87 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ju-87d-5
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German dive bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

The last in the in-game series of dive-bombing Ju 87 aircraft, the {{PAGENAME}} shows the transition between the Ju 87's original dive-bombing role to [[Ju 87 G-1|cannon ground-attack]]. With its wing guns switched out to 20 mm cannon armaments, as well as a diverse suspended armament options, the {{PAGENAME}} can allow players to choose different ways to attack ground targets when in a match.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Ju 87 D-5 is not as fast as most, if not all the fighters at its battle rating, but it is surprisingly manoeuvrable at low speeds compared to them.

Since this plane typically gets an air start in RB at around 3,500 meters, gaining altitude is generally not a major problem at the beginning of matches on this plane. Be careful though, as if the D-5 reaches speed of anything above 450 km/h, it will start to get extreme lock-ups in the horizontal axis and slightly less in the vertical. However, staying around the 300 km/h can have the D-5 be able to out-manoeuvre opponents.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 368 || 357 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 32.4 || 33.8 || 8.8 || 8.8 || rowspan="2" | 513
|-
! Upgraded
| 402 || 385 || 29.7 || 31.0 || 14.3 || 11.2
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 454 || 320 || ~13 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 270 || < 270 || < 350 || > 322
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Compressor
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
! Setting 1
| 4,200 m || 1,180 hp || 1,408 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 4mm steel surrounding the crew
* 4mm steel underneath the engine
* 4mm steel in front of the gunner
* 8mm steel behind the pilot
* 8mm steel headrest
* 50mm bulletproof glass in front of the pilot
* Self-sealing fuel tanks in the wings

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, wing-mounted (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

The stock 20 mm cannons are not very effective with the aircraft's role or aerodynamics.

Players who often play earlier Ju 87's probably did their best to not engage enemies, as they were only equipped with two 7.92 mm machine guns to fight alongside the rear gunner's machine guns. However, with this Ju 87 comes new and improved armament of 20 mm cannons. As a result, this opens up a whole new world as a fighter.

If battling fighters, try to head on them as the Ju 87 is a relatively tough plane, and with the gun pods attached any pilot foolish enough to head on you will most likely end up as mincemeat. If they don't do so, try to bleed their energy and speed, and then swoop in for the kill.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC50JA (50 kg)|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)|MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 81 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 1 x 250 kg SC250JA bomb (250 kg total)
* 1 x 250 kg SC250JA bomb + 4 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (450 kg total)
* 3 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (750 kg total)
* 1 x 500 kg SC500K bomb (500 kg total)
* 1 x 500 kg SC500K bomb + 4 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (700 kg total)
* 1 x 500 kg SC500K bomb + 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 12 x 7.92 mm MG 81 machine guns, wing-mounted (gunpods) (250 rpg = 3,000 total)
* 4 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, wing-mounted (gunpods) (200 rpg = 800 total)

The suspended 12 x 7.92 mm deals with enemy aircraft pretty well, though runs out of ammo quickly. It is most suited for beginners since the tracers are more visible. The suspended 4 x 20 mm downs bombers and fighters sufficiently, however the 20mm gunpods slow the D-5 considerably more in all aspects then the 7.92mm gunpods.

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 81 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 7.92 mm MG 81 machine guns, dorsal turret (700 rpg = 1,400 total)

The turret 7.92 mm machine gun is somewhat useful in distracting enemies but does not deal a lot of damage.

== Usage in battles ==

Ju 87 D series are mainly adapted for ground attack roles. The D-5 variant has two 20 mm MG 151 cannons which are suitable for attacking light-medium tanks. In addition in the research tree, you can get additional WB 151 (4 x MG 151 cannons) or the WB 81B (12 x MG 81 machine guns) gun pods.

The Ju 87 D-5 should not be used as a bomber since its maximum bombload of 2 x 250 kg and 1 x 500 kg does not hold up at its BR. It is excellent for ground strikes however, both with the 7.92 mm machine guns and the 20 mm cannons. The 20 mm is recommended because the 7.92 mm runs out of ammo fairly fast. The best use of the Ju 87 D-5 is bomber hunting. It spawns at the bomber altitude of 3,000-3,500 m (10,000-12,000 ft). One burst of the 20 mm cannons, especially with the suspended armaments and while using the air targets belt, is enough to destroy a bomber and even fighters.

If you decide to play the role of a fighter instead of the historic role of the attacker, it is recommended that you climb to around 5,500 meters, which you should easily be able to do before reaching your enemies at the halfway point. As noted in the flight performance, staying at speeds greater than 400 km/h can lock up the control surfaces, meaning dogfighting at high speed is not in the plane's favour. Get the enemy to bleed speed to the more favourable 300 km/h-range, at which you will be able to outturn them.

Stock ammo belts are pretty bad, so try to get air target belts ASAP. Armoured target ammo is not able to take out medium tanks (unlike air target ammo, which can take out medium tanks on some select maps), and it is less effective against aircraft.

With the additional 20 mm cannons in the suspended armaments, the Ju 87 D-5 becomes a worthy opponent in head-ons. With this loadout, one should make sure not to be caught at less than 350 km/h. At speeds higher than this, the D-5 can still manage to do a quick turn around to lay the guns on a target from nearly every angle. The gun pods damage the roll rate quite significantly, so heavy use of the rudder is recommended. Pilots more experienced with aiming MG 151s might benefit from using stealth belts, as they make enemies less likely to take evasive action, consequently saving precious speed as you no longer have to maneuver to stay on target.

Because of their low speed, non-retractable landing gear and reasonable durability, all the Ju 87 series are quite good for capturing airfields in the Airfield Domination mode.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

[[Yak-2 KABB]]: Do not think that the {{PAGENAME}} can confidently out maneuver this plane just because it is twin-engined. The Yak-2 has an amazing turn rate for a heavy fighter, thus the {{PAGENAME}} must avoid turning with it, if not dogfighting with it in general. It bears a pair of ShVAK cannons that can easily damage vital parts like engine or cooling systems. It has green camo, greatly resembling an Me 410 but with an H-tail like a Bf 110's.

[[ZSD63]]: A dangerous SPAA to go up against in Tank Realistic Battles. Though it is hard to identify specific SPAA vehicles on the ground (especially when they are shooting tracers at the plane), if a ZSD63 is identified, avoid it at all costs and '''do not''' attempt head-ons with it, ever. It can easily snap a wing off by casually putting a short burst in the {{PAGENAME}}'s flight path. Don't even get close to it unless it is busy shooting someone else or if the {{PAGENAME}} has a bomb ready for use. The numerous MGs / cannons on the {{PAGENAME}} cannot effectively damage it as its hull is overall quite empty, causing your shells to do little to no damage. Some identifying features of the ZSD63 is its rather boxy and tall hull with a geometric turret sitting at the back, slightly similar to a Wirbelwind's. The firing manner is also distinctive: the sound and green tracers are very rapid, much like a buzz saw, but then it will remain silent for half a minute reloading. Note that an experienced ZSD player will hold its fire or shoot in single salvos with long halts between, making it look like that it's reloading.

===IGD (Intentional Gear Destruction - Realistic Battles Only) ===
Due to the high parasite drag imposed by fixed landing gear spats, the planes top speed and performance are hindered. No Stuka's landing gear is retractable. For maximum performance of the plane, one can destroy the gear in realistic battles by touching them to a body of water (not rough, but flat and calm). To do this, swoop low, and reduce airspeed to around 210 km/h (160 mph). Next, slowly near the water at an angle of attack of 10 degrees or more. Once you hear a snap, or see the gear come off, pull up immediately to avoid breaking the engine.

;Effects on performance due to IGD

Effects have been tested numerous times, but may vary based on payload, fuel, aircraft damage, etc.

* Airspeed: +50 km/h (30 mph) to max speed.
* Drag coefficient: -10-20% (numbers not exact)
* Weight: Negligible
* Turn Time: -2 sec

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Has two MG 151 20 mm cannons which are decent for taking out aircraft after unlocking air target belts
* Large ammo reserve for its armament, equating to 1,000 rounds between each MG 151/20 cannon, even peaking most German ''Zerstörer'' aircraft
* Can equip either 20 mm WB 151 or 7.92 mm WB 81B gun pods below the wing, increasing armament size by four 20 mm MG 151/20 or twelve 7.92 mm MG 81 for frontal firepower
* Tail gun has one of the best rates of fire in-game and covers a generous portion of the aircraft's rear
* Decent bomb loads
* Great manoeuvrability at lower speeds, can turn on a dime at a high speed
* Pilot and gunner are protected with all-around armour
* Has air brakes
* Very efficient radiator
* Tolerant flaps
* Air start in most RB maps
* Additional guns simply destroy enemy bombers and fighters in about two seconds, and are amazingly good
* Air Targets belts down bombers very quickly
* Much better climb rate than its predecessors

'''Cons:'''

* Maximum bomb load is lower than the D-3
* Low roll rate when not using the rudder
* Slow, and loses energy quite easily, especially in turns
* Takes some time to climb
* Overheats easily with WEP, use of WEP is not advised until in combat
* High Parasite drag, imposed by the wheel spats
* Control stiffening (lock-up) is severe at moderate to high speeds
* Very Low Wing-Lift Co-efficient making the aircraft highly susceptible to stalling
* Very low manoeuvrability compared to predecessors
* Radiator is damaged easily by enemy fire
* Horrible rate of climb unless spaded.
* When the engine is shot, it rapidly falls out of the sky unless you have enough altitude.

== History ==


=== In-game description ===
In early 1943, a new variant of the Stuka, the Ju 87D-5, was launched into full-scale production. The D-5 variant was originally conceived of as a ground-attack aircraft, as opposed to the previous D-3 version, for which ground attacks were thought to be only one of its possible combat uses.

From the start, no speed brakes were mounted under the D-5's wings, and as full-scale production continued, the fittings to fix the brakes to the drive gear were also eliminated. The aircraft's wings were redesigned, with the wingspan significantly increased. The enlarged area significantly reduced the load on the aircraft's wings and improved the Stuka's takeoff and landing characteristics.

The aircraft's armament was reinforced: the wing-mounted 7.92 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 17 machine guns were swapped out for two 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons with 500 rounds each.

The 1000/500/IXb bomb rack was used to suspend aerial bombs weighing 1,000 kg or more under the fuselage, and the 500/IXc rack was used for bombs weighing 500 kg or less. Underwing ETC 50/VIIIdTp bomb racks allowed bombs and containers weighing up to 300 kg to be suspended from the middle pylon; bombs and other loads weighing up to 70 kg could be hung from the two side pylons.

When acting as a ground-attack aircraft, Stukas most often had wooden containers for ninety-two 2 kg fragmentation SC 2 aerial bombs; however, these had little effect against protected targets. Aerial bombs of a larger size, 250 and 500 kg, were used to attack such targets.

The engine's exhaust pipes were not covered with fairings, and die-stamped, corrugated steel strips for the crew were riveted to the centre wing section instead of rubber "tracks". The fork of the fuselage-mounted bomb rack was reinforced.

A system to jettison the main landing gear struts was introduced on the D-5 to enable an emergency landing on uneven terrain.

As the full-scale production of the D-5 variant continued, a number of changes were introduced to the structure to improve visibility from the cockpit, increase the crew's safety, and make the aircraft easier to pilot at low altitudes. The following were added to the covering of the cockpit canopy: an additional strut in the structure of the side glass panels, an additional direct-vision window in the sliding section of the canopy, and a convex blister over the armored windscreen panel, for mounting the Revi C/12D gunsight.

The Ju 87 D-5 was the last variant of the Stuka whose full-scale production was significant. This variant was manufactured until the Stuka's production was discontinued in the late summer of 1944. A total of 1,190 aircraft were produced. A simplified variant of the D-5, named the D-6, was developed but never entered full-scale production.

== Media ==


;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|owYlJZ4LgyA|'''The Shooting Range #36''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 06:02 discusses the Ju 87 Stuka.|VOtUoVdwyw0|'''IL-2M (1943) vs Ju 87 D-5''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/4542-development-ju-87-stuka-new-models-en|[Devblog] Ju 87 Stuka - new models]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/161906-junkers-ju-87-d-5/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Junkers}}
{{Germany bombers}}

Ju 87 D-5

2021-03-10T02:08:14Z

U108381718: /* Defensive armament */

{{About
| about = German bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = Ju 87 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ju-87d-5
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German dive bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

The last in the in-game series of dive-bombing Ju 87 aircraft, the {{PAGENAME}} shows the transition between the Ju 87's original dive-bombing role to [[Ju 87 G-1|cannon ground-attack]]. With its wing guns switched out to 20 mm cannon armaments, as well as a diverse suspended armament options, the {{PAGENAME}} can allow players to choose different ways to attack ground targets when in a match.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Ju 87 D-5 is not as fast as most, if not all the fighters at its battle rating, but it is surprisingly manoeuvrable at low speeds compared to them.

Since this plane typically gets an air start in RB at around 3,500 meters, gaining altitude is generally not a major problem at the beginning of matches on this plane. Be careful though, as if the D-5 reaches speed of anything above 450 km/h, it will start to get extreme lock-ups in the horizontal axis and slightly less in the vertical. However, staying around the 300 km/h can have the D-5 be able to out-manoeuvre opponents.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 368 || 357 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 32.4 || 33.8 || 8.8 || 8.8 || rowspan="2" | 513
|-
! Upgraded
| 402 || 385 || 29.7 || 31.0 || 14.3 || 11.2
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 454 || 320 || ~13 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 270 || < 270 || < 350 || > 322
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Compressor
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
! Setting 1
| 4,200 m || 1,180 hp || 1,408 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 4mm steel surrounding the crew
* 4mm steel underneath the engine
* 4mm steel in front of the gunner
* 8mm steel behind the pilot
* 8mm steel headrest
* 50mm bulletproof glass in front of the pilot
* Self-sealing fuel tanks in the wings

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, wing-mounted (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

The stock 20 mm cannons are not very effective with the aircraft's role or aerodynamics.

Players who often play earlier Ju 87's probably did their best to not engage enemies, as they were only equipped with two 7.92 mm machine guns to fight alongside the rear gunner's machine guns. However, with this Ju 87 comes new and improved armament of 20 mm cannons. As a result, this opens up a whole new world as a fighter.

If battling fighters, try to head on them as the Ju 87 is a relatively tough plane, and with the gun pods attached any pilot foolish enough to head on you will most likely end up as mincemeat. If they don't do so, try to bleed their energy and speed, and then swoop in for the kill.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC50JA (50 kg)|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)|MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 81 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 1 x 250 kg SC250JA bomb (250 kg total)
* 1 x 250 kg SC250JA bomb + 4 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (450 kg total)
* 3 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (750 kg total)
* 1 x 500 kg SC500K bomb (500 kg total)
* 1 x 500 kg SC500K bomb + 4 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (700 kg total)
* 1 x 500 kg SC500K bomb + 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 12 x 7.92 mm MG 81 machine guns, wing-mounted (gunpods) (250 rpg = 3,000 total)
* 4 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, wing-mounted (gunpods) (200 rpg = 800 total)

The suspended 12 x 7.92 mm deals with enemy aircraft pretty well, though runs out of ammo quickly. It is most suited for beginners since the tracers are more visible. The suspended 4 x 20 mm downs bombers and fighters sufficiently, however the 20mm gunpods slow the D-5 considerably more in all aspects then the 7.92mm gunpods.

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 81 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 7.92 mm MG 81 machine guns, dorsal turret (700 rpg = 1,400 total)

The turret 7.92 mm machine gun is somewhat useful in distracting enemies but does not deal a lot of damage.

== Usage in battles ==

Ju 87 D series are mainly adapted for ground attack roles. The D-5 variant has two 20 mm MG 151 cannons which are suitable for attacking light-medium tanks. In addition in the research tree, you can get additional WB 151 (4 x MG 151 cannons) or the WB 81B (12 x MG 81 machine guns) gun pods.

The Ju 87 D-5 should not be used as a bomber since its maximum bombload of 2 x 250 kg and 1 x 500 kg does not hold up at its BR. It is excellent for ground strikes however, both with the 7.92 mm machine guns and the 20 mm cannons. The 20 mm is recommended because the 7.92 mm runs out of ammo fairly fast. The best use of the Ju 87 D-5 is bomber hunting. It spawns at the bomber altitude of 3,000-3,500 m (10,000-12,000 ft). One burst of the 20 mm cannons, especially with the suspended armaments and while using the air targets belt, is enough to destroy a bomber and even fighters.

If you decide to play the role of a fighter instead of the historic role of the attacker, it is recommended that you climb to around 5,500 meters, which you should easily be able to do before reaching your enemies at the halfway point. As noted in the flight performance, staying at speeds greater than 400 km/h can lock up the control surfaces, meaning dogfighting at high speed is not in the plane's favour. Get the enemy to bleed speed to the more favourable 300 km/h-range, at which you will be able to outturn them.

Stock ammo belts are pretty bad, so try to get air target belts ASAP. Armoured target ammo is not able to take out medium tanks (unlike air target ammo, which can take out medium tanks on some select maps), and it is less effective against aircraft.

With the additional 20 mm cannons in the suspended armaments, the Ju 87 D-5 becomes a worthy opponent in head-ons. With this loadout, one should make sure not to be caught at less than 350 km/h. At speeds higher than this, the D-5 can still manage to do a quick turn around to lay the guns on a target from nearly every angle. The gun pods damage the roll rate quite significantly, so heavy use of the rudder is recommended. Pilots more experienced with aiming MG 151s might benefit from using stealth belts, as they make enemies less likely to take evasive action, consequently saving precious speed as you no longer have to maneuver to stay on target.

Because of their low speed, non-retractable landing gear and reasonable durability, all the Ju 87 series are quite good for capturing airfields in the Airfield Domination mode.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

[[Yak-2 KABB]]: Do not think that the {{PAGENAME}} can confidently out maneuver this plane just because it is twin-engined. The Yak-2 has an amazing turn rate for a heavy fighter, thus the {{PAGENAME}} must avoid turning with it, if not dogfighting with it in general. It bears a pair of ShVAK cannons that can easily damage vital parts like engine or cooling systems. It has green camo, greatly resembling an Me 410 but with an H-tail like a Bf 110's.

[[ZSD63]]: A dangerous SPAA to go up against in Tank Realistic Battles. Though it is hard to identify specific SPAA vehicles on the ground (especially when they are shooting tracers at the plane), if a ZSD63 is identified, avoid it at all costs and '''do not''' attempt head-ons with it, ever. It can easily snap a wing off by casually putting a short burst in the {{PAGENAME}}'s flight path. Don't even get close to it unless it is busy shooting someone else or if the {{PAGENAME}} has a bomb ready for use. The numerous MGs / cannons on the {{PAGENAME}} cannot effectively damage it as its hull is overall quite empty, causing your shells to do little to no damage. Some identifying features of the ZSD63 is its rather boxy and tall hull with a geometric turret sitting at the back, slightly similar to a Wirbelwind's. The firing manner is also distinctive: the sound and green tracers are very rapid, much like a buzz saw, but then it will remain silent for half a minute reloading. Note that an experienced ZSD player will hold its fire or shoot in single salvos with long halts between, making it look like that it's reloading.

===IGD (Intentional Gear Destruction - Realistic Battles Only) ===
Due to the high parasite drag imposed by fixed landing gear spats, the planes top speed and performance are hindered. No Stuka's landing gear is retractable. For maximum performance of the plane, one can destroy the gear in realistic battles by touching them to a body of water (not rough, but flat and calm). To do this, swoop low, and reduce airspeed to around 210 km/h (160 mph). Next, slowly near the water at an angle of attack of 10 degrees or more. Once you hear a snap, or see the gear come off, pull up immediately to avoid breaking the engine.

;Effects on performance due to IGD

Effects have been tested numerous times, but may vary based on payload, fuel, aircraft damage, etc.

* Airspeed: +50 km/h (30 mph) to max speed.
* Drag coefficient: -10-20% (numbers not exact)
* Weight: Negligible
* Turn Time: -2 sec

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Has two MG 151 20 mm cannons which are decent for taking out aircraft after unlocking air target belts
* Large ammo reserve for its armament, equating to 1,000 rounds between each MG 151/20 cannon, even peaking most German ''Zerstörer'' aircraft
* Can equip either 20 mm WB 151 or 7.92 mm WB 81B gun pods below the wing, increasing armament size by four 20 mm MG 151/20 or twelve 7.92 mm MG 81 for frontal firepower
* Tail gun has one of the best rates of fire in-game and covers a generous portion of the aircraft's rear
* Decent bomb loads
* Great manoeuvrability at lower speeds, can turn on a dime at a high speed
* Pilot and gunner are protected with all-around armour
* Has air brakes
* Very efficient radiator
* Tolerant flaps
* Air start in most RB maps
* Additional guns simply destroy enemy bombers and fighters in about two seconds, and are amazingly good
* Air Targets belts down bombers very quickly
* Much better climb rate than its predecessors

'''Cons:'''

* Maximum bomb load is lower than the D-3
* Low roll rate when not using the rudder
* Slow, and loses energy quite easily, especially in turns
* Takes some time to climb
* Overheats easily with WEP, use of WEP is not advised until in combat
* High Parasite drag, imposed by the wheel spats
* Control stiffening (lock-up) is severe at moderate to high speeds
* Very Low Wing-Lift Co-efficient making the aircraft highly susceptible to stalling
* Very low manoeuvrability compared to predecessors
* Radiator is damaged easily by enemy fire
* Horrible rate of climb
* When the engine is shot, it rapidly falls out of the sky unless you have enough altitude.

== History ==


=== In-game description ===
In early 1943, a new variant of the Stuka, the Ju 87D-5, was launched into full-scale production. The D-5 variant was originally conceived of as a ground-attack aircraft, as opposed to the previous D-3 version, for which ground attacks were thought to be only one of its possible combat uses.

From the start, no speed brakes were mounted under the D-5's wings, and as full-scale production continued, the fittings to fix the brakes to the drive gear were also eliminated. The aircraft's wings were redesigned, with the wingspan significantly increased. The enlarged area significantly reduced the load on the aircraft's wings and improved the Stuka's takeoff and landing characteristics.

The aircraft's armament was reinforced: the wing-mounted 7.92 mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 17 machine guns were swapped out for two 20 mm Mauser MG 151/20 cannons with 500 rounds each.

The 1000/500/IXb bomb rack was used to suspend aerial bombs weighing 1,000 kg or more under the fuselage, and the 500/IXc rack was used for bombs weighing 500 kg or less. Underwing ETC 50/VIIIdTp bomb racks allowed bombs and containers weighing up to 300 kg to be suspended from the middle pylon; bombs and other loads weighing up to 70 kg could be hung from the two side pylons.

When acting as a ground-attack aircraft, Stukas most often had wooden containers for ninety-two 2 kg fragmentation SC 2 aerial bombs; however, these had little effect against protected targets. Aerial bombs of a larger size, 250 and 500 kg, were used to attack such targets.

The engine's exhaust pipes were not covered with fairings, and die-stamped, corrugated steel strips for the crew were riveted to the centre wing section instead of rubber "tracks". The fork of the fuselage-mounted bomb rack was reinforced.

A system to jettison the main landing gear struts was introduced on the D-5 to enable an emergency landing on uneven terrain.

As the full-scale production of the D-5 variant continued, a number of changes were introduced to the structure to improve visibility from the cockpit, increase the crew's safety, and make the aircraft easier to pilot at low altitudes. The following were added to the covering of the cockpit canopy: an additional strut in the structure of the side glass panels, an additional direct-vision window in the sliding section of the canopy, and a convex blister over the armored windscreen panel, for mounting the Revi C/12D gunsight.

The Ju 87 D-5 was the last variant of the Stuka whose full-scale production was significant. This variant was manufactured until the Stuka's production was discontinued in the late summer of 1944. A total of 1,190 aircraft were produced. A simplified variant of the D-5, named the D-6, was developed but never entered full-scale production.

== Media ==


;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|owYlJZ4LgyA|'''The Shooting Range #36''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 06:02 discusses the Ju 87 Stuka.|VOtUoVdwyw0|'''IL-2M (1943) vs Ju 87 D-5''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/4542-development-ju-87-stuka-new-models-en|[Devblog] Ju 87 Stuka - new models]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/161906-junkers-ju-87-d-5/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Junkers}}
{{Germany bombers}}

Admiral Graf Spee

2021-03-09T13:52:33Z

U108381718: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=germ_cruiser_admiral_graf_spee
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German heavy cruiser {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Armour}}

Admiral Graf Spee was the last and heaviest of the 3 Deutschland-class ships built, sitting somewhere between a conventional heavy cruiser and a battlecruiser. Built to a 10,000 ton displacement due to treaty restrictions, once fully equipped and loaded she was well over 12,000 tons. Still, the restrictions did limit her capability, made to face only cruisers and destroyers, while keeping a large operational range. The result was that her armour was made thick enough to barely resist cruiser shells of the era. Graf Spee will not have too much trouble facing 150 mm and smaller shells.

Her crew is quite limited for her size, it is highly recommended to repair only when major damages are sustained, like losing a main turret or all engines. Doing otherwise will constantly feed her AA guns with fresh crew ready to be knocked unconscious again by the next 203+ mm HE shell that comes.

It is worth noting that her torpedo bulge can stop torpedoes up to 250 kg of TNT equivalent. This will save you from most early PT boat's torpedoes, and many aircraft-launched torpedoes. Against aircraft attacks, she has sufficient AA to defend herself, but with the lack of variable time fuse and radar aiming, some planes will pass her defences.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}}

Her mobility for her BR is sub par. Many other heavy cruisers will cruise over 60 km/h, whereas she will barely manage over 50 km/h. She is vulnerable to torpedoes.

{{NavalMobility}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armament ==
{{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}}
=== Primary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Primary}}

{{main|283 mm/52 SK C/28 (283 mm)}}

Her 283 mm (11.1 inch) cannons are effective against all targets in-game, however with only 6 guns total will be outgunned, and must take a relatively large angle to fire both turrets on a target. The advantage with them is that she can pierce dreadnoughts and cause significant damage, even reaching ammo racks through a dreadnought's thick armour by using AP shells. Another significant detriment is the very long reload time of 30 seconds resulting in a rather low DPS overall, and can make it hard to hit smaller targets at long ranges.

=== Secondary armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}}

{{main|15 cm/55 SK C/28 (150 mm)}}

Her secondary armament consists of eight 150 mm single turrets, four on each side. These are very handy should your main turret get knocked out. They're also good against PT boats due to their much better reload time.

=== Anti-aircraft armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-AA}}

{{main|10.5 cm SK C/33 AA (105 mm)|3.7 cm SK C/30 (37 mm)|2 cm/65 C/30 (20 mm)}}

Her AA suite is somewhat decent for a 1939 ship. The 105 mm cannons only have access to HE-TF ammunition, making it rather difficult to accurately shoot down aircraft, especially at the longer ranges where the other armaments are ineffective. However, the 37 mm and 20 mm cannons are enough to knock out even large aircraft at closer ranges. The lack of HE-VT is very noticeable, aircraft may still penetrate her AA fire to drop their ordnance.

=== Additional armament ===
{{Specs-Fleet-Additional}}

{{main|G7a (533 mm)}}

Her torpedoes will often get knocked out. They are placed over the stern, and usually, first incoming shots fall a bit far, knocking them out directly. It is recommended not to apply the "torpedo mode" upgrade, as the additional range is hard to take advantage of. And her torpedoes with the modifications will go slower than most cruisers she will face, making them near useless. The best chance of use is launching into cap zones and most likely routes the enemy will take.

== Usage in battles ==

Keep your distance from enemy cruisers (at least 14,000 m) or use island cover. You cannot out-shoot, or out-gun any other cruiser in game, your main advantage is range and punch. While she can take some hits, she remains a heavy cruiser, avoid getting focused by many enemy units. The enemy will want to sink you first as they fear your 283 mm cannons, which is nearly the calibre of dreadnoughts. Your best target are dreadnoughts, not only because you're the only cruiser out there that can hurt them, but being slow and big are easier to hit at long ranges.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Wide range of guns calibre to face all threats
* Large 283 mm main guns can damage dreadnoughts
* Good AA suite to 1939's standards (outclassed by late WW2 AA cruisers)
* A little shorter than many ships of her size, a little harder to target

'''Cons:'''

* Rather large target for enemy bombs and torpedoes
* 283 mm cannons have a long reload time of 30 sec
* Vulnerable to enemy cruiser's AP shells, especially at closer ranges
* Very distinctive silhouette, easy to identify and become a prime target
* Can fall prey to stealth torpedo attacks.

== History ==

[[File:Graf Spee in 1936.jpg|thumb|330x330px|The ''Admiral Graf Spee'' in 1936.]]
The ''Admiral Graf Spee'' was a ship of the ''Deutschland'' class, a series of 10-thousand ton cruisers built to the limitations of the Treaty of Versailles. Despite her small tonnage, the Graf Spee was armed with six 11-inch (283 mm) main guns in two triple turrets, a much more powerful armament than its allied counterparts. As a result, the ships of the ''Deutschland'' class were nicknamed "Pocket Battleships" by the UK, and ''"Panzerschiff"'' (armoured ship) within the Kriegsmarine.<ref name=":0">Military Wiki (2020)</ref> The ship conducted several patrols near Spain during the Spanish Civil War, and participated in the Coronation Review of King George VI. The ship was responsible for the sinking of 9 merchant vessels during the first months of the Second World War, before being intercepted by a task force of the British Navy at the River Plate. Having caused extensive damage to her pursuers but damaged herself, the Graf Spee was scuttled in the mouth of the River Plate on December 17th 1939.<ref name=":1">Tikannen, A (2020)</ref>

'''<big>Design and construction</big>'''

Following Germany's defeat in the First World War and the Treaty of Versailles, the Kriegsmarine was limited to a force of pre-dreadnought battleships and cruisers, with a 10-thousand tonne limit on new vessels. In the early 1920s, the German naval ministry started working on a new design of ships that could replace its ageing pre-dreadnoughts. Initially, designs included a slow, heavily armed "monitor"-type vessel, as well as a faster "heavy-cruiser" type design. Following several years of changes, a final design was adopted featuring six 283 mm guns in two 3-gun turrets.<ref name=":2">Hickman, K (2019)</ref> Despite some initial opposition from the victorious powers (the United Kingdom, United States and France), the ships were allowed to be built as they did not violate the Treaty of Versailles.

The new ''Deutschland''-class ships were named "''Panzerschiffs"'', or "Armoured Ships". However, they would soon become known as the "Pocket Battleship". Though they were of similar size to their counterparts (like the [[HMS Kent (54)|British ''County''-class cruisers]]), the ships carried a much more powerful armament and had greater armour protection.<ref name=":2" /> The vessels displaced between 11,500 and 12,500 tonnes (though it was stated in public that they were 10-thousand tonnes only) standard, and up to 16,000 tonnes full load.<ref name=":0" /> Armament consisted of six 11-inch guns in two triple turrets, as well as a secondary armament of eight 5.9-inch guns in single turrets.<ref name=":0" /> The ship was capable of making 26 knots (48 km/h) and had a main armour belt of 100 mm thickness.<ref name=":0" />

Three ''Deutschland''-class ships were built: ''Deutschland'' (later ''Lutzow''), ''Admiral Scheer'', and ''Admiral Graf Spee''. The ''Graf Spee'' was ordered as ''Panzerschiff C'' and was laid down in 1932.<ref name=":2" /> It replaced the old pre-dreadnought ''Braunschweig'' and was named after Admiral Maximilian von Spee.<ref name=":2" /> The ship was launched in 1934, and was christened by the daughter of Von Spee. The ship was formally commissioned into the German Fleet on January 6th, 1936.<ref name=":2" />

'''<big>Service history</big>'''[[File:Graf Spee at Spithead.jpg|thumb|The Graf Spee at Spithead for King George VI's Coronation Review. HMS Resolution and HMS Hood can be seen in the background.]]
Following its commissioning, the ship became the flagship of the German fleet. The ship participated in several non-intervention patrols off of the coast of Spain, and later represented Germany at King George VI's Coronation Review. The vessel also participated in several goodwill visits during the period of 1936-1938.<ref name=":2" />

Prior to the start of the Second World War, the Graf Spee sailed into the Southern Atlantic to be in the best position for commerce raiding. On September 26th 1939, the Graf Spee was ordered to commence raiding against allied merchantmen in the southern Atlantic. Four days later, the cruiser located and captured the TSS ''Clement'',<ref name=":3">McGibbon, I (2014)</ref> which was sunk using gunfire and torpedoes. As a result, a formidable task force was put together to locate and destroy the ''Spee''; this consisted of the carriers HMS ''Hermes'', ''Eagle'', ''Ark Royal'', and ''Bearn'' (of the French navy), the battleships ''Dunkerque'', ''Strasbourg'' (both of the French Navy), and HMS ''Renown'', as well as 16 cruisers.<ref name=":2" />

The task force initially failed to locate the ''Spee'', allowing her to destroy eight more merchantmen. This brought her total tonnage destroyed to 50,089 tonnes. However, the last Merchantmen was able to signal the ''Spee''<nowiki/>'s location to the Allies - as a result, the cruisers HMS ''Exeter'', ''Ajax'', and ''Achilles'' were sent to intercept the ship.<ref name=":3" />

'''<big>Battle of the River Plate and Scuttling</big>'''

On the morning of December 5th 1939, a ship was sighted across the ''Graf Spee''<nowiki/>'s starboard bow. This was the cruiser ''Exeter'', actively searching for the ''Spee''.<ref name=":1" /> The ''Graf Spee'' proceeded to close in and open fire, while the British cruisers immediately returned fire with their main batteries. In the span of a few hours, the ''Graf Spee'' was able to inflict heavy damage on all three cruisers, especially the ''Exeter'', who received extensive damage: all four of her main battery turrets were knocked out, as well as the bridge and torpedo tubes.<ref name=":3" /> Having been hit with numerous 11-inch shells, the ship was burning and developed a list due to extensive flooding. However, a strong defence was put up by cruisers ''Ajax'' and ''Achilles'', allowing the crippled cruiser to make it to the Falkland Islands for repairs.

Nonetheless, the British cruisers succeeded in crippling the ''Graf Spee'' - a single 8-inch shell from ''Exeter'' hit the engine compartment and disabled the ship's diesel cleaning system. As a result, the ship had just 16 hours of ready fuel, eliminating her chances of returning home.<ref name=":2" /> Shadowed by ''Achilles'' and ''Ajax'', the damaged ''Graf Spee'' docked at the neutral port of Montevideo to conduct repairs, repatriate prisoners, and obtain medical attention for injured crewmembers. However, because of the neutrality agreements of the Hague Convention, the ship was only able to dock for 72 hours. During this time, Allied intelligence tricked the Germans into thinking that a superior Allied force was located outside the bay, including the battlecruiser ''Renown'' and carrier ''Ark Royal''.<ref name=":2" /> In fact, only the heavy cruiser HMS ''Cumberland'' had arrived, as the reinforcement force would not be able to arrive for another week.<ref name=":2" />

The deceiving news of British reinforcements was a fatal blow to the ''Graf Spee''. After considering their options and discussing with the high command in Germany, the decision was made to scuttle the ship, as the ''Graf Spee''<nowiki/>'s damage and insufficient ammunition would prevent her from breaking out.<ref name=":1" /> On December 17th, the ''Graf Spee'' was scuttled in the River Plate estuary. Three days later, her captain committed suicide in full uniform over the ''Graf Spee''<nowiki/>'s battle ensign.<ref name=":1" /> The remainder of the crew were interned in Uruguay for the duration of the war, while the ship was partially broken up on site between 1942 and 1943.

=== [[wt:en/news/6504-development-admiral-graf-spee-outgunning-the-opposition-en|Devblog]] ===
After WWI, Germany’s navy was significantly limited in size due to the restrictions imposed by the Treaty of Versailles. In the early 1920s, some of the oldest serving ships of the Reichsmarine were starting to approach their legal replacement age. As such, preliminary design work on a replacement began in 1920, with the project gaining proper momentum in 1923.

Limited in terms of displacement and ship type permitted for construction, German engineers experimented with various design combinations. By the late 1920s, a final design, dubbed ‘Panzerschiff’ due to its use of large calibre cannons on a relatively lightly protected but mobile hull, was starting to emerge. However, political and economic turmoil in the country negatively impacted the project’s progress, causing its completion to be somewhat delayed.

Finally, after nearly a whole decade of design work, the new Deutschland-class cruisers were approved for construction, with the lead ship being laid down in February 1929. Admiral Graf Spee was the third and last ship of the Deutschland-class to be ordered for construction, being laid down in October 1932 and commissioned in 1936.

Admiral Graf Spee saw extensive service in its relatively short service time. In the interwar period, she most notably took part in non-intervention patrols off the coast of Spain during the Spanish Civil War. Upon the outbreak of WWII, Graf Spee was sent to the southern Atlantic for commerce raiding, where after the fateful Battle of the River Plate in December 1939, Admiral Graf Spee was scuttled as a result of damages sustained during the battle, marking the end of its service history.

== Media ==
'''Images'''<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:Admiral Graf Spee WTWallpaper 01.jpg|
File:Admiral Graf Spee WTWallpaper 02.jpg|
File:Admiral Graf Spee WTWallpaper 03.jpg|
File:Admiral Graf Spee WTWallpaper 04.jpg|
File:Admiral Graf Spee WTWallpaper 05.jpg|
File:Admiral Graf Spee WTWallpaper 06.jpg|
File:Admiral Graf Spee WTWallpaper 07.jpg|
File:Admiral Graf Spee WTWallpaper 08.jpg|
</gallery>

'''Videos'''

{{Youtube-gallery|Wq9qHd_TCgk|'''The Shooting Range #184''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:32 discusses the Admiral Graf Spee.}}

== See also ==
''Links to articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the ship;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6504-development-admiral-graf-spee-outgunning-the-opposition-en|[Devblog] Admiral Graf Spee: Outgunning the Opposition]]

=== References ===
<references />

=== Bibliography ===

* Wiki Team. (2020). German cruiser Admiral Graf Spee. Retrieved November 13, 2020. [https://military.wikia.org/wiki/German_cruiser_Admiral_Graf_Spee Website]
* Tikannen, A. (2020). Graf Spee. Retrieved November 13, 2020. [https://www.britannica.com/topic/Graf-Spee Website]
* Hickman, K. (2019, October 2). Pocket Battleship: Admiral Graf Spee. Retrieved November 13, 2020. [https://www.thoughtco.com/admiral-graf-spee-2361536 Website]
* McGibbon, I. (2014, November 27). Battle of the River Plate. Retrieved November 13, 2020. [https://nzhistory.govt.nz/war/battle-of-river-plate Website]

{{Germany heavy cruisers}}

Ar 196 A-3

2021-03-09T13:48:32Z

U108381718: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=arado-196a-3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} German bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Starfighters"]] as a reward for the [[wt:en/news/6808-special-operation-s-u-m-m-e-r-2020-en|2020 Operation S.U.M.M.E.R.]] event.

The German Ar 196 A-3 hydroplane, one of the best naval scouts in history, nicknamed "the eyes of the Kriegsmarine"! The Ar 196 A-3 has every chance of becoming the new "king of the sandpit": it is armed with a pair of 20 mm MG FF cannons and an MG 17 rifle-calibre machine gun, it can also carry 2 x 50 kg bombs under its wings. The Ar 196 A-3 also has a defensive turret with a 7.92 mm machine gun, which is quite good in the initial ranks. And of course, just like the other hydroplanes in the game, the Ar 196 A-3 is able to capture control points in naval battles. <ref>[[wt:en/news/6809/current|Devblog]]</ref>

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 2,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 301 || 293 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 21.8 || 22.9 || 4.4 || 4.3 || rowspan="2" | 450
|-
! Upgraded
| 344 || 320 || 19.9 || 21.0 || 11.2 || 7.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 520 || 520 || 320 || ~9 || ~8
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 270 || < 280 || < 250 || > 324
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* No armour protection
* Self-sealing fuel tanks in the floats

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG FF (20 mm)|MG 17 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm MG FF cannons, wing-mounted (60 rpg = 120 total)
* 1 x 7.92 mm MG 17 machine gun, fuselage-mounted (500 rpg)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC50JA (50 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 2 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (100 kg total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 15 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 7.92 mm MG 15 machine gun, dorsal turret (525 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

The Arado Ar 196 excels at destroying light ground targets, and with its twin MG FF armament it can head-on virtually any aircraft at the BR and win. Compound that with the fact that there are many inexperienced players at the BR who will head-on any target they meet, and it will be easy to accrue kills. However, the 196 loses energy very easily due to the 2 massive floats strapped to the bottom of the fuselage. The 196 usually goes out in a "blaze of glory" early on into the match, due to the playstyle revolving around killing ground targets.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Cannon armament very powerful at its BR
* Tail gunner for fighters that will inevitably be on your tail
* Can be very useful for capping points in Naval RB and AB

'''Cons:'''

* Fuel tanks are located in the pontoons making the aircraft very vulnerable to both ground SPAA and other planes
* Poor performance
* Low ammo count reduces the plane's effectiveness in dogfights
* Loses energy easily
* Slow
* Carries only two 50 kg bombs

== History ==

[[File:Ar 196 A-2.jpg|thumb|Arado Ar 196 taxiing at sea in 1940.]]
The Ar 196 was a German shipborne floatplane reconnaissance aircraft that equipped the majority of the Kriegsmarine's ships during the Second World War. Designed as a replacement to the obsolete He 60, the Ar 196 started entering service in the late 1930s to equip German capital ships such as ships of the ''Deutschland'', ''Scharnhorst'' and ''Bismarck'' classes. The planes saw their first service in late 1939 as scouts for the pocket battleship ''[[Admiral Graf Spee|Graf Spee]]'', and later distinguished themselves by capturing the British submarine HMS ''Seal''. Many Ar 196 floatplanes were captured by Allied forces, and several aircraft survive in museums to this day.<ref name=":0">National Air and Space Museum (2020)</ref>

=== Design and development ===
In the early 1930s, the primary German floatplane fighter was the Heinkel He 60, an underpowered biplane design that soon became obsolete. Thus, the Air Ministry (RLM) decided to pursue the development of a new naval floatplane fighter. Heinkel submitted the He 114, a sesquiplane, while several other firms submitted similar biplanes designs. However, the Arado firm decided to create an unconventional monoplane design, which proved to have significantly better performance than its competitors.<ref name=":0" /> Thus, four prototypes were ordered; more conservative elements of the RLM decided to order the Focke-Wulf designed Fw 62, a more conventional biplane, but the order was cancelled when the Ar 196 proved to be well adapted for its role.<ref name=":0" />

The Ar 196 was of monoplane construction, and featured a BMW engine producing just under 1,000 hp. It was flown by a crew of two - a pilot and a navigator, who doubled as the rear gunner. Armament consisted of a formidable two 20 mm MG/FF cannons and a single 7.92 mm machine gun firing forward, and a single 7.92 mm machine gun on a flexible mounting in the rear cockpit. The first pre-production Ar 196 model was delivered in late 1938, and following shakedown tests, the first production aircraft were delivered in June of 1939.<ref name=":0" />

=== Operational History ===
The Ar 196 first saw battle service in late 1939, when two Ar 196s were loaded aboard the pocket battleship ''Graf Spee''. They served as the medium range reconnaissance aircraft and were responsible for locating the majority of the Spee's victims. Another notable action took place in mid-1940, when land-based Arado 196s captured a British submarine, the HMS ''Seal''.<ref name=":0" /> After the ''Seal'' struck one of its own mines during a minelaying operation, patrolling Ar 196s managed to damage the submarine by bombs and gunfire to prevent her from submerging. An Arado landed beside the submarine, whose commander decided to surrender.<ref name=":0" />

Production of the Ar 196 was slow, having been shifted between multiple aircraft producers. Nevertheless, the Ar 196 served as the main catapult floatplane for Kriegsmarine capital ships until the end of the war. Production had been terminated in 1944 due to the relative obsolescence of the Ar 196 against the modern allied fighters it frequently encountered over the German coast.<ref name=":0" /> Several Ar 196s survived the war, including two floatplanes confiscated with the German heavy cruiser ''Prinz Eugen''. Two Ar 196s survive, one at a Bulgarian museum and the other in storage at the National Air and Space Museum in the United States.<ref name=":0" />

== Media ==

[[File:GarageImage Ar 196 A-3 (S.U.M.M.E.R).jpg|thumb|none|Bulgarian Camouflage (S.U.M.M.E.R Reward Skin)]]

== See also ==


;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* Vought [[OS2U-1]] ''Kingfisher''
* Vought [[OS2U-3]] ''Kingfisher''
* Mitsubishi [[F1M2]]

== External links ==


*[[wt:en/news/6808-special-operation-s-u-m-m-e-r-2020-en|[Special] Operation S.U.M.M.E.R. 2020]]
*[[wt:en/news/6809/current|[Development] Operation S.U.M.M.E.R. Ar 196 A-3]]

=== References ===
<references />

=== Works Cited ===

* National Air and Space Museum. (2020). Arado Ar 196 A-5. Retrieved November 23, 2020, from <nowiki>https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/arado-ar-196-a-5/nasm_A19610128000</nowiki>

{{AirManufacturer Arado}}
{{Germany bombers}}
{{Germany premium aircraft}}

Ju 188 A-2

2021-03-09T13:28:21Z

U108381718: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=ju-188a-2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.97 "Viking Fury"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 496 || 478 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 33.3 || 34.4 || 5.4 || 5.4 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 457 || 428 || 280 || ~12 || ~9
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 370 || < 360 || < 450 || > 290
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 5 mm steel in front of rearmost dorsal gunner*
* 6 mm steel on top of dorsal gun ammo
* 6 mm steel under and in front of ventral gunner*
* 6 mm steel around turret ring of dorsal gunner**
* 6 mm steel in front of dorsal gunner
* 6 mm steel in front of dorsal gunner's face
* 6 mm steel behind base of pilot's seat
* 8 mm steel - pilot's seat
* 60 mm bulletproof glass in front of rearmost dorsal gunner*
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 in central fuselage, 2 in each wing)

<nowiki>*</nowiki>Note that the gunner is rear-facing.

<nowiki>**</nowiki>The "dorsal gunner" and not the "rearmost dorsal gunner" is the one closer to the pilot.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC50JA (50 kg)|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)|SC1000L2 (1,000 kg)|SC1800B (1,800 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 10 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (500 kg total)
* 6 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 6 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs + 10 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg SC500K bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg SC500K bombs + 10 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg SC500K bombs + 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs + 10 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 2 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 2 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bombs + 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs + 10 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (3,000 kg total)
* 1 x 1,800 kg SC1800B bomb + 1 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bomb (2,800 kg total)
* 1 x 1,800 kg SC1800B bomb + 3 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (2,550 kg total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 131 (13 mm)|MG 81 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 20 mm MG 151 cannon, nose turret (250 rpg)
* 1 x 20 mm MG 151 cannon, top dorsal turret (250 rpg)
* 1 x 13 mm MG 131 machine gun, lower dorsal turret (500 rpg)
* 2 x 7.92 mm MG 81 machine guns, ventral turret (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==

While utilising a stock version of the aircraft, choosing the option to use the 50SC x 10 payload performs best for when rushing ground troops, of course, when possible, drop them more on one target. As soon as you have better payload options, you also have the opportunity to go for bases.

At the beginning of the match, you should always go into a shallow dive to maximise your speed, and by that the chance to get to your target before anybody else, and to cover the underside of the plane by simply flying close to the ground. Your 20 mm cannon on top of the the canopy is deadly, and as soon as you have the universal belt unlocked, you can shoot down multiple enemy fighters before going down yourself. However, try to avoid headons because of your glass cockpit and mind that your 20mm can't fire directly behind the plane because the rudder blocks it.

If you have all loadouts unlocked, the one with the 2x1000kg, 2x250kg and 10x50kg is the best for destroying bases. The 2x250kg drop at the same time from your wingtips and with one 1000kg bomb, they are enough to destroy one base. The other 11 bombs are enough for a second base. This is also the loadout with the most payload so you should use it for AFs as well. Concerning ground targets, you can use the loadout you prefer, just make sure you have 3 bomb drops before you get to the 50kg bombs in the bomb bay.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fast, faster than the Do 217 series
* Maneuverable, even better with empty payload when returning to base
* Versatile payload options
* Defensive armament is an upgrade from the Do 217 series
* Durable, can survive hits that might down other bombers of similar size
* 3000 kgs of maximum payload tonnage
* Rear gunners are protected by several armor plates
* Top 20mm turret has a full circle traverse
* Powerful engines
* With a bit of luck, can initiate head-ons with its two 20mm defensive armaments and defeat unsuspecting fighters.

'''Cons:'''

* Doesn't have the ability to dive bomb accurately
* Doesn't have airbrake
* No armor from the front
* Abysmal stock payload

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|SJGTWZTO8o8|'''Ju 188 A-2 - Update 1.97 Dev Server''' - ''TheEuropeanCanadian''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/479239-ju-188a-2/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Junkers}}
{{Germany bombers}}

IL-2 (1941)

2021-03-03T13:57:55Z

U108381718: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = Russian attacker '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = IL-2 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=il_2_1941
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet attacker {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.47 "Big Guns"]].

The IL-2 1941 is the first [[IL-2 (Family)|IL-type attacker]] a pilot will get in the Soviet aircraft tree. Players will quickly find out that this plane is very durable, but somewhat slow and unwieldy... although with some skill this plane can surprise attacking enemies. Players should research bombs and rockets as soon as they can, followed by ammo belts to augment your ground-attack role. This plane, as well as the following IL-type aircraft, have roughly the same base attributes you will find in the Pros and Cons below, with a few minor differences between models.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 2,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 405 || 390 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.9 || 26.7 || 6.1 || 6.1 || rowspan="2" | 450
|-
! Upgraded
| 447 || 425 || 24.1 || 24.9 || 11.3 || 8.6
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || 270 || ~15 || ~15
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 320 || < 320 || < 370 || > 360
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 1,750 m || 1,500 hp || 1,593 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* Various 4 mm steel plates surrounding engine
* 4 mm steel surrounding the cooling systems
* 5 mm steel below central fuel tank and pilot
* 6 mm steel behind propeller spinner
* 6 mm steel below oil cooling system
* Various 6 mm steel plates beside pilot and pilot's head
* 12 mm steel headrest
* 12 mm steel in front of rear fuel tank
* 64 mm bulletproof glass in front of pilot
* 3 fuel tanks (1 in front of pilot's legs, 1 below pilot, 1 behind pilot)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|ShVAK (20 mm)|ShKAS (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm ShVAK cannons, wing-mounted (210 rpg = 420 total)
* 2 x 7.62 mm ShKAS machine guns, wing-mounted (750 rpg = 1,500 total)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AO-25M-1 (25 kg)|FAB-50 (50 kg)|FAB-100 (100 kg)|FAB-250M43 (250 kg)}}
{{main|RS-82|RBS-82|RS-132|RBS-132}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 12 x 25 kg AO-25M-1 bombs (300 kg total)
* 4 x 50 kg FAB-50 bombs (200 kg total)
* 4 x 100 kg FAB-100 bombs (400 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg FAB-250M43 bombs (500 kg total)
* 8 x RS-82 rockets
* 8 x RBS-82 rockets
* 8 x RS-132 rockets
* 8 x RBS-132 rockets
* 12 x 25 kg AO-25M-1 bombs + 8 x RS-82 rockets (300 kg total)
* 12 x 25 kg AO-25M-1 bombs + 8 x RBS-82 rockets (300 kg total)
* 4 x 50 kg FAB-50 bombs + 8 x RS-82 rockets (200 kg total)
* 4 x 50 kg FAB-50 bombs + 8 x RBS-82 rockets (200 kg total)
* 12 x 25 kg AO-25M-1 bombs + 4 x RS-132 rockets (300 kg total)
* 12 x 25 kg AO-25M-1 bombs + 4 x RBS-132 rockets (300 kg total)
* 4 x 50 kg FAB-50 bombs + 4 x RS-132 rockets (200 kg total)
* 4 x 50 kg FAB-50 bombs + 4 x RBS-132 rockets (200 kg total)
* 4 x 100 kg FAB-100 bombs + 8 x RS-82 rockets (400 kg total)
* 4 x 100 kg FAB-100 bombs + 8 x RBS-82 rockets (400 kg total)
* 4 x 100 kg FAB-100 bombs + 4 x RS-132 rockets (400 kg total)
* 4 x 100 kg FAB-100 bombs + 4 x RBS-132 rockets (400 kg total)
* 4 x 100 kg FAB-100 bombs + 8 x RS-132 rockets (400 kg total)
* 4 x 100 kg FAB-100 bombs + 8 x RBS-132 rockets (400 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==

For tactics, IL-2s are built to be close to the ground. Fly very low for IL-2 pilots in reality were known to skim treetops. Further try to stay out of sight of enemy planes. As tough as you are, you cannot take concentrated fire from enemy fighters, especially heavy fighters. As you near your target (about 3 km away) go into a slight climb, then nose down into a moderate dive toward your target. Imagine yourself gliding in, not diving. It is generally recommended that you use bombs first, as this will immediately lighten the plane and make you more maneuverable. Because the IL-2 flies so close to the ground, some pilots have destroyed themselves by bombing targets right under them. To avoid this, set the bomb fuses to around 2 seconds.

Use bombs against tanks and pillboxes, rockets against groups of light armored vehicles (and occasionally enemy aircraft), and use your MGs/Cannons for AAA, Artillery, Armoured cars, and enemy aircraft. If you equip certain ammo belts, you may also be able to destroy pillboxes and light tanks with your primary guns alone! Experience gained with this aircraft will be invaluable for later models, who get larger cannons, rear gunners, and other handy upgrades.

Lastly, due to the extraordinary low-altitude style of the IL-2 line of planes, equipping a camouflage that matches the map actually helps in the Realistic/Simulator modes, as you need to get close to enemy planes before they become "spotted". Equipping a white camo on a winter map, then flying very low as the IL-2 is made to do, can help keep players from spotting you. Remember that player-made skins are not seen by other players, so you have to choose between the ingame skins.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Heavy armament with large ammo pool
* Well-armoured & tough
* Surprisingly manoeuvrable in turns with flaps and WEP, can outturn certain heavy fighters at it's BR when spaded
* Diverse payload options - allows for varied playstyles

'''Cons:'''

* Rather slow
* No rear gunner
* Somewhat a big target
* Priority target for the enemy team in "Ground Strike" maps
* ShVAK cannons lack the AP penetration of later YVA-23 (cannot harm Medium Tanks at all)
* Limited view from cockpit due to armour plates (Simulator only)
* Large drop in performance compared to [[Yak-2 KABB|Yak-2]]

== History ==

The famous IL-2 Shturmovik was a Soviet WWII-era attack aircraft created by the Ilyushin Design Bureau and nicknamed ''Hunchback'' by Red Army troops due to the distinct fuselage shape. While the designers nicknamed their aircraft the ''Flying Tank'', Luftwaffe pilots, due to the IL-2's incredible ability to withstand battle damage, instead called it the ''Betonflugzeug'' (Concrete Plane). German ground troops, conversely, despised and feared the IL-2, giving it a slew of unpleasant nicknames, such as ''Schlachter'' (Butcher); ''Fleischwolf'' (Meatgrinder); ''Eiserner Gustav'' (Iron Gustav) and ''Schwarzer Tod'' (the Black Death). Some historians believe that the ''Black Death'' was actually a successful invention of the Soviet propaganda machine that caught on with the Germans.

The IL-2 was the most mass-produced military aircraft in history. However, early in the war German air superiority coupled with the absence of rear gunners on early variants and poorly organized Soviet fighter escorts led to high rates of losses for the type. A favourite attack tactic for IL-2 pilots was a low-level attack run, first letting loose with rockets at 600-700 meters, then firing on-board armament from a distance of 400 to 600 meters. Bombs would be dropped in subsequent passes from an altitude of 100-200 meters, using an impact fuse. The recommended tactic for attacking concentrations of soft targets was a strafing run in a shallow dive from 100-200 meters and a subsequent dropping of bombs at a low level when exiting the dive.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==


* [[IL-2_(1942)|IL-2 (1942)]] succeeding model
* [[Ju 87 D-5]]
* [[Hs 129B-2]]
* [[A-36]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/devblog/current/745|[Devblog] IL-2 AM-38 1941 and Pz.Kpfw. VI Ausf. E Tiger]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/234949-ilyushin-il-2-1941/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Ilyushin}}
{{USSR attackers}}

MiG-3-15

2021-02-28T16:08:29Z

U108381718: /* Usage in battles */

{{About
| about = Soviet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = MiG-3 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=mig_3_series_1_15
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test before to Update 1.27.

In early War Thunder aerial matches, it is not uncommon for bomber aircraft to climb higher up into higher altitudes. Doing so they can circle their targets and bomb in relative comfort. This is because a majority of early fighters struggle to reach these heights. One of the first aircraft in the game to break this tradition is the {{PAGENAME}} designed by and built at the Mikoyan-Gurevich manufacturing plant. The design of the MiG-3 specifically allocated it to be a high altitude interceptor, one that could out-pace a Bf 109 of the time at an altitude of 6,096 m (20,000 ft) by over 20 km/h (just under 20 mph). However, when flying at sea-level, the Mikulin AM-35A struggled to maintain pace with the 109 at 505 km/h (314 mph).

At lower altitudes, especially in arcade battles, using WEP to gain altitude goes a long way. With only a couple of cycles of WEP, the MiG-3 pilot will find themselves comfortably sitting at 3,660 m (12,000 ft) where the Mikulin engine is in its element. It is here that the {{PAGENAME}} can continue to climb or can watch for unwary prey below which it can pounce on with Boom & Zoom tactics. Dogfighting in the MiG-3 can be difficult but is not impossible; the primary keys are to maintain energy and have plenty of altitude to work with. The MiG-3 is nowhere as agile as the Bf 109 or many other fighters and can seem quite stiff in the controls. Utilising engine control (speed), combat flaps and the aircraft's strong rudder, the MiG-3 can get out of some sticky situations or even position themselves on the tail of an enemy aircraft.

Centrally located machine guns do not require configuring a convergence point and make it easier to target aircraft both right in front or those 600+ meters away. Unfortunately, the {{PAGENAME}} only has a single 12.7 mm machine gun and two 7.62 machine guns to pummel their enemies. The guns while reliable tend not to jam, however, the low calibre of the ammunition requires decisive shots on the enemy pilot, engine or fuel tanks to be effective at all. Aircraft fuselage, especially those of bombers, can take a severe beating with these machine guns and show virtually no damage at all. On the other hand, engines, flesh and ignitable fuel area less forgiving against the machine gunfire. Due to the weaker nature of the machine gun ammunition, Stealth ammunition may provide the necessary amount of time to dial in on the enemy aircraft's weak points. This critical amount of time allows more shots before the enemy pilot can determine where the shots are coming from and then evade.

Knowing the aircraft's weaknesses will help the pilot discover its strengths. While it is not as agile as its counterparts and contemporaries, it can be a battering ram in its own right. Underestimating a MiG-3 can lead another pilot to scratch their head in wonder as they try to figure out how they were shot down. It can also cause bomber pilots to immediately dive away when they realise a {{PAGENAME}} is bearing down on them.
== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

As mentioned above, the {{PAGENAME}} is not the acrobat type aircraft like the I-16 or the Bf 109, however when flown to its capabilities, it is an excellent aircraft. The MiG-3 is a relatively fast aircraft and becomes increasingly faster as it gains altitude. Known as a high-altitude fighter, the MiG-3 excels from about 3,660 - 9,150 m (12,000 - 30,000 ft). Flying altitudes lower than 3,660 m (12,000 ft) will see a significant drop in speed and manoeuvrability.

Higher altitudes give the MiG-3 and opportunity to cache in on its speed during a dive when performing Boom & Zoom tactics. This method potentially allows for multiple passes on an aircraft (especially more massive bombers) if needed without sacrificing speed as done in a turn-based dog fight. When flown properly, the {{PAGENAME}} is relatively energy-efficient and can return to its altitude perch with relative ease. The MiG-3 if needed, can perform short climbing spirals allowing for slower or less energy-advantaged aircraft following to stall-out and here the MiG-3 pilot and kick over the rudder and pounce on the floundering aircraft. Solid rudder kicks can also help a {{PAGENAME}} make a sharp rolling manoeuvre, however, caution must be taken not to lose too much speed.

Sometimes a MiG-3 pilot will find themselves at a lower altitude where their aircraft's engine is at a disadvantage. If there are enemies nearby, your best bet is to get away from them and work on gaining altitude. Sometimes this is not an option, and you must fight where you are at; just know that the aircraft will not be as responsive as it is at higher altitudes.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 7,800 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 615 || 597 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 25.2 || 26.2 || 12.4 || 12.4 || rowspan="2" | 300
|-
! Upgraded
| 669 || 640 || 22.8 || 24.0 || 20.8 || 16.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 457 || 428 || 280 || ~12 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 300 || < 280 || < 440 || > 320
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 6,100 m || 1,200 hp || 1,446 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8 mm Steel plate behind the pilot.
* 8.5 mm Steel plate under the pilot.
* No armour glazing
* Critical components located at front of aircraft (fuel, pilot, engine, controls)
* More fuel tanks located in wings near fuselage

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Berezin UB (12.7 mm)|ShKAS (7.62 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 12.7 mm Berezin UB machine gun, nose-mounted (300 rpg)
* 2 x 7.62 mm ShKAS machine guns, nose-mounted (750 rpg = 1,500 total)

== Usage in battles ==

The MiG-3 has a few issues that can hinder its success on the battlefront. Its power plant, although powerful for its time, performs best above 4,000 m (approx. 12,000 ft) altitude, and as a result of the early MiG's speed and climb rate at lower altitudes may be disappointing at first, particularly when stock. Its armament, one 12.7 mm Berezin UB machine gun and two 7.62 mm ShKAS machine guns, is generally inferior to its Allied and German opposition (its contemporaries on the Eastern Front, the [[Bf 109 E-4|Emil]] and [[Bf 109 F-1|Friedrich 109s]], have 20 mm cannon armament on hand). Manoeuvrability can be a problem, especially at lower altitudes, as the plane bleeds speed in turns and can lock up at high speeds during dives. Despite these flaws, the MiG-3 in all its variants can be seen as a good stepping stone towards learning how to utilize the tricky-to-fly [[I-185_(M-82)|I-185s]], especially in practicing Boom & Zoom attacks as well as energy fighting.

====Specific enemies worth noting====


* [[Bf 109 E-1]] - The Bf 109 shares your battle rating in arcade battles and are frequently encountered. They have a higher top speed, perform well at high altitude (above 4,000 m like the MiG-3) and have fantastic energy retention. You do have some firepower advantage; however, a battle with a Bf 109 E-1 often becomes a battle of energy retention; the pilot with higher energy usually wins. Try to get a height advantage when going against one and take it by surprise.

* [[Spitfire Mk Ia]] - The Spitfire is one of the most manoeuvrable monoplane fighters in the game. It also has excellent anti-fighter capabilities with its 8 x 7.7 mm machine guns. Avoid engaging a Spitfire in a turn fight as you will bleed off your speed and are easily out-turned. The Spitfire is also quite fast and accelerates well, so don't be surprised if after a failed Boom & Zoom attempt you have a Spitfire gaining on your tail. Luckily for the MiG-3, the Spitfire performs poorly at high altitude. Luring one to upwards of 3,000 m (10,000 ft), you can then sap it of its energy and gain an advantage over it. The Spitfire is a poor diver too, so if one attempts to flee, you can quickly out dive it. Diving also makes for an effective defensive option against the Spitfire.

* [[A6M2-N]] - Like the Spitfire, except slower, more manoeuvrable and with a great big float to shoot at. Same rules apply. Don't turn fight, just Boom & Zoom. The incendiary ammo from your 12.7 mm will set these on fire easily.

* [[P-36_(Family)|P-36]] (all variants) - The P-36 is very well armed (4 x 7.62 mm Browning machine guns and 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns). This armament means that it has an edge in firepower over the MiG-3. It also has an advantage in manoeuvrability, whilst also being quite fast, and this makes it a challenging opponent. Your performance is superior to the P-36 over 4,000 m (12,000 ft), so try to lure it up to higher altitudes. You also have a much better climb rate than the P-36, so get an altitude advantage and then dive. Boom & Zoom works best here.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Gets air spawn in Realistic battles
* Upgraded aircraft climbs well - one of the few Soviet prop-fighters that can effectively use WEP
* Excellent for high-altitude fighting (bomber hunting or Boom & Zoom)
* Efficient glider - in the event of an oil or water leak shutting down the engine, with sufficient altitude, the MiG-3 can glide back to base
* Nose mounted armament makes for very accurate shooting without dealing with convergence issues
* 12.7 mm and 2 x 7.62 mm ShKAS is more than adequate to deal with aircraft the MiG-3 faces, though aiming for critical components conserves ammunition
* Good climb rate

'''Cons:'''

* Stiff controls at low altitude or during high speeds
* Sluggish turn time compared to other fighters (some ''heavy'' fighters can out turn it)
* Performance significantly drops when below 4,000 m (12,000 ft)
* Overheats easily with WEP
* Sensitive brakes when on the ground, can cause plane to tip forward
* Pilot is easily knocked out due to the lack of armoured glass

== History ==


Though riddled with shortcomings, the I-200/MiG-1 fighter/interceptor aircraft proved to be both a popular and capable aircraft with pilots that had experience flying them. To address the oft-cited shortcomings, aircraft designers Mikoyan and Gurevich set out to rectify these issues, not only to make the aircraft more pilot-friendly but to make it a more effective fighter/interceptor.

By utilizing a full-sized model of the aircraft in a wind tunnel, designers quickly set about documenting necessary changes in the aircraft's configuration. The increase of the outer wing dihedral improved the wing's overall stability and lengthening the fuselage by just four inches improved the horizontal stability of the aircraft. By happenstance, the minute change in length created enough space for an additional 66 gallon (250 litres) fuel tank installation behind the pilot seat. Inert exhaust gases were routed to the fuel tanks to help improve the survivability of the aircraft and pilot by reducing the likelihood of fuel fires if enemy gunfire punctured the fuel tanks. Other improvements included strengthening the landing gear, larger main wheels, extending the canopy glazing aft for better visibility, improved gunsight, updated configuration of the instrument panel and an overall increase to 750 rounds of ammunition per machine gun.

After making the recommended updates and changes, the heavily modified I-200/MiG-1 (fourth revision) made its maiden flight on 29 October 1940. The Soviet state accepted this version of the aircraft during December 1940 State acceptance trials and due to the significant changes made to the plane was renamed to MiG-3. Though the Mikoyan-Gurevich design bureau rectified many of the MiG-1's deficiencies, unfortunately, the resulting aircraft ended up being 550 lbs (250 kg) heavier and reduced service ceiling by 1,500 ft (457 m). They also took approximately a minute longer to reach 16,000 ft (4,900 m) than the original MiG-1s. Two other positive outcomes for the MiG-3 was an overall increase in the aircraft's speed at altitude and sea-level along with an increase in its service range.

Many of the initial MiG-3 airframes pushed out to the VVS regiments which were considered poor quality and unusable. After an inquiry completed, a panel found that the Soviet Air Force Research Institute was negligent in their duty to monitor the quality of the aircraft coming off the assembly line. After several demotions of senior managers and the execution of the institute head, new management set to address the problems with the MiG-3.

Though designed as a high-altitude bomber-interceptor, the MiG-3's pilot's oxygen supply was woefully inadequate, both fuel and oil pumps failed to keep necessary pressure at altitude and pilot inexperience with high altitude flying all played against the aircraft's abilities. Once again, the MiG Design Bureau set out to fix these deficiencies and when complete, the MiG-3 design teams optimized it for high altitude operations above 20,000 ft (6,000 m). Here the MiG-3 boasted almost a 20 mph (26 km/h) speed advantage over the German Bf 109E, though at sea-level, this advantage disappeared and the MiG-3 had roughly the same top speed as the Bf 109.

The weapons of the MiG-3 always seemed lacking compared to other aircraft such as the Bf 109 which typically sported a 20 mm canon along with machine guns. MiG-3s of all iterations only had machine guns in the 12.7 mm and 7.62 mm varieties. Though experiments with wing-mounted gun pods and rockets took place, reduction of airspeed due to them often resulted in the pilots having them removed, one of the few times where fighter pilots preferred streamlined aircraft over firepower. Ultimately the new gun sight was not fit for the task, so pilots often relied on getting as close to the enemy aircraft as possible before opening fire, sometimes within point-blank range to ensure a hit.

Leading up to the German invasion titled Operation Barbarossa, MiG-3s found homes at front-line regiments. Here, they could ideally intercept any hostile bomber or reconnaissance aircraft that flew over such as the German Ju-86P. Unfortunately, at the beginning of the German invasion, the MiG-3, though one of the best fighters available to Soviet pilots, proved to be unsuited for the task at hand. Instead of intercepting bombers and reconnaissance aircraft, they instead fought more agile Bf 109s and such in a fashion which negated all of the MiG-3's advantages, and it struggled. With the Bf 109 being more agile and had better weapons, the MiG-3 fought for a foothold but often lost. It was around this time that other Russian fighters such as the Yak and LaGG series aircraft were debuting and showing their effectiveness at lower altitude combat with more agility and better weapon options. Forcing the aircraft to work as a bomber and ground attack aircraft proved to be an even less effective venture. Production soon halted.

Some Soviet pilots did find success while flying the MiG-3. Aleksander Pokryshkin was one such pilot, as his initial foray into air combat was at the controls of a MiG-3. It was while flying the MiG-3 that Pokryshkin scored several victories against the German Bf 109. However, it was also during this time he realized that Soviet air combat doctrine was outdated, and he took detailed notes of his and other's accounts at air combat to determine a better way to fight. Pokryshkin's experience in the MiG-3 helped shape future Soviet air combat tactics for pilots flying more capable aircraft such as the Yak-1B, P-39K and Lavochkin fighters. Pokryshkin was quoted as saying, "''The operational advantage of the MiG-3 seemed to be obscured by its certain defects. However, these advantages could undoubtedly be exploited by a pilot able to discover them''."

=== In-game description ===
A single-seat monoplane fighter with an all-metal construction, closed cockpit and retractable landing gear with a tail wheel.

The fighter was initially developed by N.N. Polikarpov, and later by A.I. Mikoyan and M.I. Gurevich at OKB-155.

The experimental I-200 fighter took its maiden flight on 5 April 1940. The plane went into series production in June 1940 at aircraft plant No. 1 in Moscow under the designation MiG-1.

The MiG-3 model joined the series in February 1941, with a modified wing, larger landing gear, an additional fuselage fuel tank, a new radiator, modified flaps and self-sealing for the centerwing fuel tanks.

The MiG-3 series fighters were powered by the twin-row V12 Mikulin AM-35A engine with a maximum output of 1,350 hp. This was a geared-down engine with a single-stage supercharger and an air pressure regulator.

The armament on the first few MiG-3 series consisted of two 7.62 mm ShKAS machine guns with 750 rounds each and one synchronized large-caliber 12.7 mm Berezina BS machine gun with 300 rounds. All three machine guns were placed above the engine.

The design also allowed for the suspension of two containers under the wing, each housing an unsynchronized large-caliber 12.7 mm Berezina BK machine gun.

The plane's bombing equipment consisted of four locking DZ-40 bomb racks mounted under the wing, each able to carry up to 100 kg. The overall weight of its bomb load was no greater than 220 kg. The MiG-3 could carry the AO-8/-10/-25 and FAB-50/-100, cluster bombs and bottles of KS incendiary fluid.

The plane possessed the PBP-1A collimator sight, which allowed it to use all types of anti-air and anti-ground weapons.

Before the Great Patriotic War, the MiG-3 was the most prolific modern fighter in the Soviet Air Forces. From June 1941, it was widely used on the front in Soviet Air Forces units, naval aviation units and Air Defense Forces units.

In total, 3172 of these planes were made. The MiG-3's production ended in December 1941. Its use continued in Soviet Air Forces divisions until 1943, and in air defense fleets until the end of the war.

=== Notable pilots ===
[[File:Alexander_Pokryshkin_profile.jpg|thumb|none|200px|link=User:U64962917#Pokryshkin,_Alexander_I.|The Mig-3 was the first fighter [[User:U64962917#Pokryshkin,_Alexander_I.|Pokryshkin]] flew and racked up almost 20 victories with it.]]

== Media ==


;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|vBIUfVFLhRM|'''The Interceptor (MiG-3-15 BK Arcade Tutorial)''' - ''Long5hot'' (BK version, but same principles)|GZyfeLdd114|'''Mig3-15 - Low Tiering''' - ''AdamTheEnginerd''}}

== See also ==


;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* Curtiss [[P-40_(Family)|P-40]]
* Dewoitine [[D.520]]
* Hawker [[Hurricane (Family)|Hurricane]]
* Heinkel [[He 100 D-1|He 100]]
* Kawasaki [[Ki-61 (Family)|Ki-61]]
* Messerschmitt [[Bf 109 (Family)|Bf 109]]
* Yakovlev [[Yak-1]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.ru/index.php?/topic/65897-mig-3-15-i-serii/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance (Russian Forum)]

{{AirManufacturer MiG}}
{{USSR fighters}}

Yak-9T

2021-02-26T00:31:12Z

U108381718: /* Flight performance */

{{About
| about = Russian fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = the French version
| link-1 = Challe's Yak-9T (France)
| usage-2 = other versions
| link-2 = Yak-9 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=yak-9t
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Russian fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


Like other Yak fighters, the {{PAGENAME}} has excellent low altitude performance but has abysmal high altitude performance due to the lack of turbo or superchargers incorporated with the engine. When it comes to manoeuvring, the {{PAGENAME}} has a strong rudder allowing for wingovers, hammerheads or other manoeuvers which utilise a rudder kick. The rudder used in combination with the aircraft turning decreases the turning radius allowing it into a tighter spiral, typically creating an advantage during small dogfights and skirmishes. The turn rate on the Yak 9T is far superior to the majority of aircraft in its BR making it suitable for vertical turn fighting. While the {{PAGENAME}} has an average climb rate for fighters at its battle rating, it may struggle to reach bomber altitude, but will still be an easy target for enemy fighters patrolling the upper elevations. Energy retention for the {{PAGENAME}} is decent, though caution is necessary around enemy fighters such as the German Fw 190 which has a more significant energy retention advantage.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 576 || 560 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 18.8 || 19.5 || 13.7 || 13.6 || rowspan="2" | 366
|-
! Upgraded
| 610 || 593 || 17.2 || 18.0 || 18.5 || 16.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || 280 || ~12 || ~9
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 380 || < 420 || < 490 || > 340
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 700 m || 1,260 hp || N/A
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 2
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 2,900 m || 1,175 hp || N/A
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


Comparable to other contemporary fighters, the {{PAGENAME}} has proper protection due to the placement of armour protection and bulletproof glass. While the armour protection serves mostly to protect the pilot, the way the aircraft systems are situated, the vulnerable areas are decently protected. Since the {{PAGENAME}} has excellent pilot protection, it is unlikely that a pilot snipe should occur. Due to strengthened structure and centralizing of the critical components, it is a real possibility for a skilled pilot to clip an enemies plane with a wingtip and remain unscathed, either slicing the enemy's wing or disabling a propeller. Though the {{PAGENAME}} does have fuel tanks located in the wings, they are self-sealing; however, that does not preclude them from catching on fire.

* 64 mm Bulletproof glass in cockpit front
* 64 mm Bulletproof glass pilot's headrest
* 8 mm Steel plate in the pilot's seat

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|NS-37 (37 mm)|Berezin UB (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 37 mm NS-37 cannon, nose-mounted (30 rpg)
* 1 x 12.7 mm Berezin UB machine gun, nose-mounted (200 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

[[File:Cockpit_Yak-9.jpg|thumbnail|right|The Yak-9T's instrument panel.]]
The Yakovlev 9T or Yak-9T as it is most popularly referred to in-game, being the most popular of the Yak-9 variants, is best played differently depending on the situation the pilot finds themselves in.

To begin, don't set any gun convergence. Since this aircraft only has 2 guns, a 37 mm in the middle of the engine and a 12.7mm Berezin UB to the side of it (though not enough to the side to need convergence). If you set convergence, it will actually tilt the 37mm to one side and throw off your aim.

After this, take off and make sure that you take off and '''immediately''' climb. A twenty-degree angle may be too much to handle depending on the upgrades purchased on the aircraft, so a fifteen-degree climb is recommended. With it, the pilot keeps much-needed speed and agility. Altitude advantage over your opponent is '''always''' preferred, and most pilots of the rank that the Yak-9T fights do not choose to climb over 2,000 m (6,561 ft). A good altitude to climb to is 3,000 m (9,842 ft). In this way, altitude advantage is achieved. Be advised this will not '''always''' be the case and some enemies will climb above you. If this happens, try to make them bleed energy until they are slower than you and turn fight them.

At high altitude, the Yak-9T is best suited to energy fighting, which means using the Yak's good energy retention to zoom at an opponent, shoot at them, and then climb up and turn back to your opponent and give chase. The Yak at mid to low altitude is best suited to turn-fighting against all nations except for the Japanese. If facing the Japanese, use the same energy fight tactics as stated above, as Japanese planes will be '''unable''' to give chase due to the low energy retention of their lightweight aircraft. The Yak-9T comes equipped with '''flaps''', it is critical you use them, as performance is greatly increased in a turn-fight with them extended.

The Yak-9T and all Yak's suffer from a constant engine overheat, properly watching this temperature is critical because if let go too long, the engine will die and the Yak falls fast. Keep eyes on temp at all times. The best advice is to keep the throttle at 90% or lower when not in combat. The Yak-9T is best suited to colder maps if on a hot map, gain altitude and cruise at 85-90% throttle.

The Yak-9T is also famed for its ability to crack open tanks with its cannon - in air battles, it can penetrate even heavy tanks from the back. If you are going to attempt this, load Ground Targets belts (if you only have default belts, half the shells aren't armour-piercing and won't be able to penetrate tanks), look for some tanks and start shooting them, though you must shoot from behind with heavy and medium tanks. Try to avoid convoys going down roads, as those usually have AA vehicles and the longer you loiter over then the higher chance of being hit, developing oil and/or water leaks, and having to return to base. Ammo conservation is the name of the game here, as you only have 30 rounds for the cannon. If you want to only fire your machine gun, the key is "1" by default, and for the cannon it's "2". If you are attacking soft targets the machine gun (loaded with Ground Targets ammunition) may be better and less of a waste of ammo, roughly a dozen shots can be enough. Likewise, your machine gun is useless for attacking medium and heavy tanks, so only fire the cannon when you attack those.

In Ground RB, the Yak is also quite feared, being able to penetrate most if not all tanks at its BR, providing you aim for behind. Your small size combined with your relatively high speed makes you difficult to shoot down for AA vehicles, and your pilot does have bulletproof glass around and some armour plating behind the pilot, making pilot snipes unlikely.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil
! Water
! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 37 mm has a reasonably high rate of fire for its calibre
* The 37 mm is powerful, good for disabling or destroying bombers
* The 37 mm is also very good in Ground RB in disabling vehicles
* Berezin UB is hard-hitting
* Decent manoeuvrability
* Cannon can knock out medium tanks with several hits in the side or rear
* Good energy retention
* Outperforms most contemporary fighters at lower altitudes (under 4,000 m)

'''Cons:'''

* Once the 37 mm runs out of ammo you have a single .50 cal machine gun
* 37 mm has high recoil
* 37 mm is fairly inaccurate even in short bursts
* Lousy high-altitude performance
* Not very fast
* Low rip speed

== History ==


=== In-game description ===
The Yak-9 was a Soviet single-engine fighter of the WWII era. It was the first combat aircraft designed by Alexander Yakovlev's construction bureau. The most mass-produced Soviet fighter of the war, it remained in production from October 1942 to December 1948, with a total of 16,769 built.

The Yak-9 was a further modification of the Yak-1 and Yak-7. In its core design, it was a redesign of the Yak-7. With few external differences, Yak-9 was at the same time much more advanced internally. This is not unexpected, as almost two years of design and combat experience of the Yak series went into the Yak-9. Also, at the time aluminium was in much greater supply than it had been two years previously at the start of the war. Amongst other things, the use of metal allowed the plane's weight to be significantly reduced, meaning that more fuel could be stored and that the aircraft could be equipped with more powerful armament and more specialized equipment.

The Yak-9T variant, for instance, had an incredibly powerful 37 mm NS-37 cannon firing through the propeller hub. Due to the length of the gun barrel, the pilot's seat had to be moved 40 cm aft, and the airframe was strengthened. The variant carried 30 to 32 cannon shells, as well as 200-220 rounds for the synchronized UB machine gun. Salvo weight for the variant was a whopping 3.74 kg (8.24 lbs). The 37 mm gun allowed for fire at increased ranges, up to 1,200 yards against bomber formations, and 500-600 yards against single non-manoeuvring bombers. The Yak-9T was also successful against ground targets. Armour-piercing shells, fired from 500 yards at an angle of 45 degrees, could penetrate 30mm of armour. In late 1943, the Yak-9T was used in an anti-shipping role in the Black Sea. A total of 2,748 Yak-9s were built between March 1943 and June 1945.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/109517-yakovlev-yak-9t/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Yakovlev}}
{{USSR fighters}}

Fw 200 C-1

2021-02-25T03:26:33Z

U108381718: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=fw_200c_1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.47 "Big Guns"]].

The Focke-Wulf Fw 200 C-1 is a long-range maritime patrol bomber. It is optimised for bombing stationary targets, such as bases and pillboxes, from medium to high altitudes.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Condor handles, as all long range bombers, like a flying brick. Its turns are cumbersome and it is best to climb gradually, slowly gathering speed. Once at an altitude of 4,000-5,000 metres it is best to fly straight and level to the target. Always keep a significant distance between yourself and any enemies. If you miss a base always fly for a short distance before turning to have another go, as the large turning circle could cause you to miss again. Once you have expended all your bombs, reduce throttle to 0% and gradually descend towards your base. Keep an eye on your speed so you don't rip your wings off. Despite its size the Condor is surprisingly easy to land, but make sure you aren't going too fast and you have enough runway.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 1,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 363 || 350 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 30.7 || 31.3 || 1.7 || 1.7 || rowspan="2" | 700
|-
! Upgraded
| 396 || 378 ||29.3|| 30 || 6.9 || 4.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 333 || 311 || 200 || ~2 || ~2
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 260 || < 230 || < 260 || > 290
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8 mm steel - pilots seat
* Fuel tanks located between wing root and out-most engine, as well as taking up most of the fuselage

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

First, obtain the bomb upgrade (ITC PVC/II). This will allow the installation of 6 x 500 kg bombs, the best payload for base bombing, since it allows the destruction of two bases in one pass. There will be no need to hurry with the second upgrade. The 2 x 1000 kg + 2 x 500 kg loadout is only ideal for taking out airfields or carriers. Flight performance upgrades come next in the priority list, as the aircraft is heavy and slow. The ammo belts are of a lesser priority, since the upgraded belts don't make a considerable difference.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)|SC1000L2 (1,000 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 6 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 6 x 500 kg SC500K bombs (3,000 kg total)
* 2 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 2 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bombs + 4 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (3,000 kg total)
* 2 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bombs + 2 x 500 kg SC500K bombs (3,000 kg total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 15 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 7.92 mm MG 15 machine gun, nose turret (2,250 rpg)
* 1 x 7.92 mm MG 15 machine gun, chin turret (1,500 rpg)
* 1 x 7.92 mm MG 15 machine gun, dorsal turret (1,125 rpg)
* 1 x 7.92 mm MG 15 machine gun, ventral turret (1,125 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

The graceful looks of the Condor belie a very vulnerable and slow aircraft. Essentially a converted civilian airliner, the Condor has a very weak airframe and large fuel tanks scattered throughout the aircraft, making it vulnerable to even rifle-calibre bullets.

To make things worse, the Condor is rather underpowered, despite having four engines. It is outrun by biplane fighters and has a very poor climb rate. The defensive armament is also very poor, consisting of only 7.92 mm machine guns with blind spots in the coverage. If caught by enemy fighters, it has virtually no chance of survival.

The one redeeming factor of the Condor is its massive payload of 3,000 kg bombs. It is one of the heaviest bomb loads carried by any non-premium German bomber, except for the Dornier Do 217 series, the Messerschmitt Me 264, and the He 177. If the Condor can penetrate enemy air defences, it is capable of inflicting massive damage to bases.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Auto controlled
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very nice payloads
* Incredible fuel tank
* Can easily absorb 7.92 mm bullets
* Can, with the fuselage upgrade, withstand possibly multiple internal fires in the fuel tanks, although it isn't a guarantee.

'''Cons:'''

* Very slow
* Useless defensive armaments
* Really low acceleration
* The engines overheat really fast
* Engines catch fire in just a few shots
* Really low max speed, so the plane cannot perform dive bombing (if attempted)

== History ==

The Focke-Wulf Fw 200 Condor is best remembered as a long-range reconnaissance aircraft that searched for Allied convoys over the North Atlantic during World War II. Its mission was to either attack the convoys directly with bombs or communicate their location to the packs of German U-boats below. The Condor started as a transatlantic airliner that first flew in July of 1937. By September of 1939, over 250 Condors had entered military service. The Condor spawned many sub-variants that included different armament, radar, missile carriage and guidance systems, and transport. A handful of these aircraft were used for VIP transports.

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|hZkupQZmfyc|'''The Shooting Range #163''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 03:44 discusses the Fw 200.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Focke-Wulf}}
{{Germany bombers}}

Fw 200 C-1

2021-02-25T03:25:31Z

U108381718: /* Pros and cons */

{{Specs-Card
|code=fw_200c_1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.47 "Big Guns"]].

The Focke-Wulf Fw 200 C-1 is a long-range maritime patrol bomber. It is optimised for bombing stationary targets, such as bases and pillboxes, from medium to high altitudes.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The Condor handles, as all long range bombers, like a flying brick. Its turns are cumbersome and it is best to climb gradually, slowly gathering speed. Once at an altitude of 4,000-5,000 metres it is best to fly straight and level to the target. Always keep a significant distance between yourself and any enemies. If you miss a base always fly for a short distance before turning to have another go, as the large turning circle could cause you to miss again. Once you have expended all your bombs, reduce throttle to 0% and gradually descend towards your base. Keep an eye on your speed so you don't rip your wings off. Despite its size the Condor is surprisingly easy to land, but make sure you aren't going too fast and you have enough runway.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 1,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 363 || 350 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 30.7 || 31.3 || 1.7 || 1.7 || rowspan="2" | 700
|-
! Upgraded
| 396 || 378 ||29.3|| 30 || 6.9 || 4.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 333 || 311 || 200 || ~2 || ~2
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 260 || < 230 || < 260 || > 290
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 8 mm steel - pilots seat
* Fuel tanks located between wing root and out-most engine, as well as taking up most of the fuselage

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

First, obtain the bomb upgrade (ITC PVC/II). This will allow the installation of 6 x 500 kg bombs, the best payload for base bombing, since it allows the destruction of two bases in one pass. There will be no need to hurry with the second upgrade. The 2 x 1000 kg + 2 x 500 kg loadout is only ideal for taking out airfields or carriers. Flight performance upgrades come next in the priority list, as the aircraft is heavy and slow. The ammo belts are of a lesser priority, since the upgraded belts don't make a considerable difference.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)|SC1000L2 (1,000 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 6 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 6 x 500 kg SC500K bombs (3,000 kg total)
* 2 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 2 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bombs + 4 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (3,000 kg total)
* 2 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bombs + 2 x 500 kg SC500K bombs (3,000 kg total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 15 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 7.92 mm MG 15 machine gun, nose turret (2,250 rpg)
* 1 x 7.92 mm MG 15 machine gun, chin turret (1,500 rpg)
* 1 x 7.92 mm MG 15 machine gun, dorsal turret (1,125 rpg)
* 1 x 7.92 mm MG 15 machine gun, ventral turret (1,125 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

The graceful looks of the Condor belie a very vulnerable and slow aircraft. Essentially a converted civilian airliner, the Condor has a very weak airframe and large fuel tanks scattered throughout the aircraft, making it vulnerable to even rifle-calibre bullets.

To make things worse, the Condor is rather underpowered, despite having four engines. It is outrun by biplane fighters and has a very poor climb rate. The defensive armament is also very poor, consisting of only 7.92 mm machine guns with blind spots in the coverage. If caught by enemy fighters, it has virtually no chance of survival.

The one redeeming factor of the Condor is its massive payload of 3,000 kg bombs. It is one of the heaviest bomb loads carried by any non-premium German bomber, except for the Dornier Do 217 series and the He 177. If the Condor can penetrate enemy air defences, it is capable of inflicting massive damage to bases.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable 1 gear || Auto controlled
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Very nice payloads
* Incredible fuel tank
* Can easily absorb 7.92 mm bullets
* Can, with the fuselage upgrade, withstand possibly multiple internal fires in the fuel tanks, although it isn't a guarantee.

'''Cons:'''

* Very slow
* Useless defensive armaments
* Really low acceleration
* The engines overheat really fast
* Engines catch fire in just a few shots
* Really low max speed, so the plane cannot perform dive bombing (if attempted)

== History ==

The Focke-Wulf Fw 200 Condor is best remembered as a long-range reconnaissance aircraft that searched for Allied convoys over the North Atlantic during World War II. Its mission was to either attack the convoys directly with bombs or communicate their location to the packs of German U-boats below. The Condor started as a transatlantic airliner that first flew in July of 1937. By September of 1939, over 250 Condors had entered military service. The Condor spawned many sub-variants that included different armament, radar, missile carriage and guidance systems, and transport. A handful of these aircraft were used for VIP transports.

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|hZkupQZmfyc|'''The Shooting Range #163''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 03:44 discusses the Fw 200.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
* ''other literature.''

{{AirManufacturer Focke-Wulf}}
{{Germany bombers}}

Ju 188 A-2

2021-02-22T14:08:38Z

U108381718: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=ju-188a-2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.97 "Viking Fury"]].

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 496 || 478 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 33.3 || 34.4 || 5.4 || 5.4 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 457 || 428 || 280 || ~12 || ~9
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 370 || < 360 || < 450 || > 290
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 5 mm steel in front of rearmost dorsal gunner*
* 6 mm steel on top of dorsal gun ammo
* 6 mm steel under and in front of ventral gunner*
* 6 mm steel around turret ring of dorsal gunner**
* 6 mm steel in front of dorsal gunner
* 6 mm steel in front of dorsal gunner's face
* 6 mm steel behind base of pilot's seat
* 8 mm steel - pilot's seat
* 60 mm bulletproof glass in front of rearmost dorsal gunner*
* Self-sealing fuel tanks (1 in central fuselage, 2 in each wing)

<nowiki>*</nowiki>Note that the gunner is rear-facing.

<nowiki>**</nowiki>The "dorsal gunner" and not the "rearmost dorsal gunner" is the one closer to the pilot.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC50JA (50 kg)|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)|SC1000L2 (1,000 kg)|SC1800B (1,800 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 10 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (500 kg total)
* 6 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 6 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs + 10 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg SC500K bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg SC500K bombs + 10 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg SC500K bombs + 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs + 10 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 2 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bombs (2,000 kg total)
* 2 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bombs + 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs + 10 x 50 kg SC50JA bombs (3,000 kg total)
* 1 x 1,800 kg SC1800B bomb + 1 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bomb (2,800 kg total)
* 1 x 1,800 kg SC1800B bomb + 3 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (2,550 kg total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 131 (13 mm)|MG 81 (7.92 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 20 mm MG 151 cannon, nose turret (250 rpg)
* 1 x 20 mm MG 151 cannon, top dorsal turret (250 rpg)
* 1 x 13 mm MG 131 machine gun, lower dorsal turret (500 rpg)
* 2 x 7.92 mm MG 81 machine guns, ventral turret (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==

While utilising a stock version of the aircraft, choosing the option to use the 50SC x 10 payload performs best for when rushing ground troops, of course, when possible, drop them more on one target. As soon as you have better payload options, you also have the opportunity to go for bases.

At the beginning of the match, you should always go into a shallow dive to maximise your speed, and by that the chance to get to your target before anybody else, and to cover the underside of the plane by simply flying close to the ground. Your 20 mm cannon on top of the the canopy is deadly, and as soon as you have the universal belt unlocked, you can shoot down multiple enemy fighters before going down yourself. However, try to avoid headons because of your glass cockpit and mind that your 20mm can't fire directly behind the plane because the rudder blocks it.

If you have all loadouts unlocked, the one with the 2x1000kg, 2x250kg and 10x50kg is the best for destroying bases. The 2x250kg drop at the same time from your wingtips and with one 1000kg bomb, they are enough to destroy one base. The other 11 bombs are enough for a second base. This is also the loadout with the most payload so you should use it for AFs as well. Concerning ground targets, you can use the loadout you prefer, just make sure you have 3 bomb drops before you get to the 50kg bombs in the bomb bay.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Auto control available || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 2 gears || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fast, faster than the Do 217 series
* Maneuverable, even better with empty payload when returning to base
* Versatile payload options
* Defensive armament is an upgrade from the Do 217 series
* Durable, can survive hits that might down other bombers of similar size
* 3000 kgs of maximum payload tonnage
* Rear gunners are protected by several armor plates
* Top 20mm turret has a full circle traverse
* Powerful engines

'''Cons:'''

* Doesn't have the ability to dive bomb accurately
* Doesn't have airbrake
* No armor from the front
* Abysmal stock payload

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/479239-ju-188a-2/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Junkers}}
{{Germany bombers}}

G.91 pre-serie

2021-02-18T13:34:37Z

U108381718: /* Media */

{{About
| about = Italian jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = similar playstyle
| link-1 = G.91 R/1
| and
| link-2 = G.91 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=fiat_g91_ps
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_fiat_g91_ps.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (nicknamed ''"Gina"'') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.69 "Regia Aeronautica"]] along with the initial Italian aviation tree.

A mid 50's transonic fighter (< Mach 0.98) with ground attack abilities. Very manoeuvrable, but with a light offensive armament makes the G.91 with its young age a difficult starter aircraft into the jet era. Especially as it will fly in fierce competition in the sky, facing every sub- and transonic aircraft and being smack in the middle performance wise.

There is little change between the Pre-serie, [[G.91 R/1|R/1]], [[G.91 R/3|R/3]] and the [[G.91 R/4|R/4]], and this guide can be considered universal for all listed aircraft.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The G.91 was intended to replace the [[F-86A-5|F-86A Sabre]] in German, Portuguese and Italian service and it shows. With an empty weight of only 3,100 kg (6,800 lbs) and a take-off weight of 5,500 kg (12,100 lbs), the Gina is in the same weight class as the [[P-51D-5|P-51D]] and [[MiG-9]], yet severely lighter than most other jets and losing about one and a half tonnes compared to the Sabre A.

Although only outputting a meagre 22 kN of thrust this first look disadvantage is literally outweighed by the high thrust to weight ratio of 0.73 empty (0.41 full). This makes the Gina an excellent dogfighter as jet fighters maintain both their top speed, climb and sustained turn-rate by their engine power rather than other flight characteristics. It can easily reach its own terminal speed (1,011 km/h, 921 ft/s) and self-destruct in level flight.

Lacking in straight wings and leading wing slats the stall speed for the G.91 is quite higher than the low weight lets one assume. One should hence be wary of many older jet types with said features, as after bleeding too much speed they can easily outmanoeuvre the Gina.

Starting with 20 min of fuel, gaining the climb speed of 800 km/h IAS (sustainable @ 7-8°; 730 ft/s) takes a mere ~80 seconds with 20 predicated for taking off at 230 km/h or 210 ft/s IAS. An Immelmann at 800 km/h will gain 1,000 m and loose 300 km/h. A hard 180° turn at the same speed takes >100 km/h and may lose up to 60 m.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 1,200 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,043 || 1,014 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 27.4 || 28.0 || 31 || 29.9 || rowspan="2" | 850
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,084 || 1,070 || 24.9 || 26.0 || 47.9 || 39.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 589 || 550 || 345 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 800 || < 650 || < 660 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Bristol Orpheus MK.801 || 1
| colspan="2" | 3,340 kg || colspan="3" | 281 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 9m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 32m fuel
|-
| 400 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 3,700 kg || 4,132 kg || 4,525 kg || 4,603 kg || 5,800 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 9m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 32m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 2,161 kgf || N/A
| 0.58 || 0.52 || 0.48 || 0.47 || 0.37
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 2,161 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.58 || 0.52 || 0.48 || 0.47 || 0.37
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 6.5 mm Steel - Behind, below and in front of the pilot
* 6.5 mm Steel - under central fuel tanks.
* 40 mm bulletproof glass - Armoured windshield

At its tier there is little which cannot hurt the G.91. This is mostly due to the large calibres and fast firing weapons found in the jet age, although the Gina does not help this issue. The armour is enough to withstand the occasional tank LMG fire, but otherwise will only protect the pilot from shrapnel damage. Even though the centreline arrangement of all components proves to be quite survivable in combat, it does NOT lend itself for head-ons or prolonged chases. The former only leads to functional aircraft with a dead pilot and the latter to the reverse, which was in all likelihood the intended design in real life.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

A focus should be made on the engine modules, as the G.91 lives by its T/W ratio. New boosters is a double edged sword, as without the G-Suit one is just black out earlier. This oddly makes the Bomb unlock a tantalizing choice, especially in already won matches for farming on ground units before the game ends. Airframe and cover do little, the weight savings are very minor and without them the G.91 can still easily reach top speeds and rip off its wings...

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M3 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 12.7 mm M3 Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (300 rpg = 1,200 total)

The M3 Browning is a new weapon in the Italian arsenal at this 5th tier and compared to the previous experiences a let down. The rate of fire is phenomenal, but the small calibre and ammo size put a serious damper to the mood, that is in comparison of course. In practise and with good aim, it can easily shred four fighters. The high bullet velocity and fire rate is quite the advantage in the fast pace world of jet combat, ensuring hits in deflection shots where the lower rate of fire found in the [[:Category:Fifth rank aircraft|Soviet jet fighters]] might have failed the pilot.
Yet one will always look onto greener pastures, especially as the Gina only has four guns unlike all other Browning armed jets.

No matter how you turn it, the armament is only manageable with skill and for a beginner outright bad.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|FFAR Mighty Mouse}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (1,000 lb total)
* 38 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets

The ordnance carried by the G.91 is mediocre. It was designed as a fighter and it shows in the additional payloads. They should only be considered for a quick drop on the way to the combat zone, losing height/speed advantage in doing so, or once aerial dominance has already been established. Even then many other jets are way better suited for ground attacks.

The bombs are standard fare and often not worse the hassle with their low total yield. The FFAR rockets are a far better option allowing to tackle more than one target, even though they only work well against soft target and up to medium tanks.

== Usage in battles ==

Air superiority is the combat objective for the G.91 ''Gina'', anything else is secondary. In team games lure enemy fighters into extensive and excessive dogfights to allow your heavier and less nimble allies to "Boom-and-Zoom" or "Boom-and-Run" them. With their great thrust to weight ratio the G.91 can maintain their energy superiority and in emergencies (such as non-existant teamplay) to disengage. Alternatively standard BnZ is considerable choice. Again the great acceleration allows for more energy expensive manoeuvres and still disengage without much worry from the target. Such follies would be deadly in many other fighters, but the Gina is hence quite forgiving. In fact too forgiving, new pilots to the jet age need to lose old habits and the G.91 does not force one's hand.

Against bombers and ground attack craft the G.91 lacks fire power and it will take considerable ammo use to compensate for this. The measly protection against defensive fire makes this a dangerous task anyway and should thusly be left for better equipped allies.

The very same can be said for ground attacks. While being able to mount air-to-ground ordnance, the payload yield is minuscule. The FFAR pods are the only worthwhile consideration, but run against the G.91's intended role of Air Superiority Fighter.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Low weight, High thrust to weight ratio
** Great turn time for a jet; can give the MiG-15 a run for its money
** Great acceleration and climb rate
* 4 x M3 machine guns can be deadly if aimed correctly and used in close range

'''Cons:'''

* Short burst time due to low ammo count
* Limited ground attack abilities
* Bleeds off a lot of speed in a full elevator turn
* Can rip its wings off if you pull full elevator past 800 km/h

== History ==

Winner of the 1953 NATO light tactical support aircraft competition, the Fiat "Small Sabre" would be in production for 19 years, with 756 aircraft completed, with the last aircraft produced in 1977. It served in the Italian and West German air forces starting in 1961 and 1962 respectively.

The original competition specifications called for a jet able to carry 450 kg of ordnance with an operational radius of 180 km, assuming 10 minutes over the target, with a maximum speed of at least Mach 0.95 and a takeoff distance of no more than 1100m, on unprepared or grass runways. Eight aircraft competed in the first round, including the French Dassault Etendard (then called the Mystere XXVI) and the British Folland Gnat. The Etendard, the G.91 and a Breguet design were selected for the second round beginning in late 1957. Fiat went ahead with pre-production ("pre-serie" in Italian) aircraft, with first flight in August, 1956, seven months ahead of its competitors. The crash of the first prototype due to aeroclastic vibrations in February, 1957, proved a setback, but the G.91 entered the second round as scheduled and was announced as the winner in January, 1958.

Critics said Fiat had just copied the F-86 Sabre, which it was manufacturing under license, but these claims seem unwarranted. Operational service evaluations with the Italian air force's 103 Squadron ran from February to July, 1959, leading to a West German decision to manufacture the aircraft under license.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [http://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?q=%23g91 '''Skins''' and '''camouflages''' for the G.91 from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|k15BSV4Xx9w|'''The Shooting Range #46''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 05:29 discusses the G.91.|tCiqB569rTg|'''"The G.91 Is The Most Braindead Jet To Fly... But It's Still Fun"''' - ''SPITflyer''}}

== See also ==


* [[F-86A-5|F-86A-5 Sabre]] - combat role predecessor
* [[La-15]] and [[Yak-30]] - similar flight style
* [[G.91 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/363988-fiat-g91-discussion-thread/ WT Forum: Fiat G.91 discussion thread]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/364977-fiat-g91-preserie/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[wikipedia:Fiat_G.91|[Wikipedia] Fiat G.91]]

{{AirManufacturer Fiat}}
{{Italy jet aircraft}}

G.91 pre-serie

2021-02-18T13:32:52Z

U108381718: /* Media */

{{About
| about = Italian jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = similar playstyle
| link-1 = G.91 R/1
| and
| link-2 = G.91 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=fiat_g91_ps
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|cockpit=cockpit_fiat_g91_ps.jpg
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (nicknamed ''"Gina"'') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.69 "Regia Aeronautica"]] along with the initial Italian aviation tree.

A mid 50's transonic fighter (< Mach 0.98) with ground attack abilities. Very manoeuvrable, but with a light offensive armament makes the G.91 with its young age a difficult starter aircraft into the jet era. Especially as it will fly in fierce competition in the sky, facing every sub- and transonic aircraft and being smack in the middle performance wise.

There is little change between the Pre-serie, [[G.91 R/1|R/1]], [[G.91 R/3|R/3]] and the [[G.91 R/4|R/4]], and this guide can be considered universal for all listed aircraft.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The G.91 was intended to replace the [[F-86A-5|F-86A Sabre]] in German, Portuguese and Italian service and it shows. With an empty weight of only 3,100 kg (6,800 lbs) and a take-off weight of 5,500 kg (12,100 lbs), the Gina is in the same weight class as the [[P-51D-5|P-51D]] and [[MiG-9]], yet severely lighter than most other jets and losing about one and a half tonnes compared to the Sabre A.

Although only outputting a meagre 22 kN of thrust this first look disadvantage is literally outweighed by the high thrust to weight ratio of 0.73 empty (0.41 full). This makes the Gina an excellent dogfighter as jet fighters maintain both their top speed, climb and sustained turn-rate by their engine power rather than other flight characteristics. It can easily reach its own terminal speed (1,011 km/h, 921 ft/s) and self-destruct in level flight.

Lacking in straight wings and leading wing slats the stall speed for the G.91 is quite higher than the low weight lets one assume. One should hence be wary of many older jet types with said features, as after bleeding too much speed they can easily outmanoeuvre the Gina.

Starting with 20 min of fuel, gaining the climb speed of 800 km/h IAS (sustainable @ 7-8°; 730 ft/s) takes a mere ~80 seconds with 20 predicated for taking off at 230 km/h or 210 ft/s IAS. An Immelmann at 800 km/h will gain 1,000 m and loose 300 km/h. A hard 180° turn at the same speed takes >100 km/h and may lose up to 60 m.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 1,200 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,043 || 1,014 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 27.4 || 28.0 || 31 || 29.9 || rowspan="2" | 850
|-
! Upgraded
| 1,084 || 1,070 || 24.9 || 26.0 || 47.9 || 39.0
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 589 || 550 || 345 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 800 || < 650 || < 660 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="5" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Bristol Orpheus MK.801 || 1
| colspan="2" | 3,340 kg || colspan="3" | 281 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="4" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 9m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 32m fuel
|-
| 400 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 3,700 kg || 4,132 kg || 4,525 kg || 4,603 kg || 5,800 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="5" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 9m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 32m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 2,161 kgf || N/A
| 0.58 || 0.52 || 0.48 || 0.47 || 0.37
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 2,161 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.58 || 0.52 || 0.48 || 0.47 || 0.37
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 6.5 mm Steel - Behind, below and in front of the pilot
* 6.5 mm Steel - under central fuel tanks.
* 40 mm bulletproof glass - Armoured windshield

At its tier there is little which cannot hurt the G.91. This is mostly due to the large calibres and fast firing weapons found in the jet age, although the Gina does not help this issue. The armour is enough to withstand the occasional tank LMG fire, but otherwise will only protect the pilot from shrapnel damage. Even though the centreline arrangement of all components proves to be quite survivable in combat, it does NOT lend itself for head-ons or prolonged chases. The former only leads to functional aircraft with a dead pilot and the latter to the reverse, which was in all likelihood the intended design in real life.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

A focus should be made on the engine modules, as the G.91 lives by its T/W ratio. New boosters is a double edged sword, as without the G-Suit one is just black out earlier. This oddly makes the Bomb unlock a tantalizing choice, especially in already won matches for farming on ground units before the game ends. Airframe and cover do little, the weight savings are very minor and without them the G.91 can still easily reach top speeds and rip off its wings...

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|M3 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 4 x 12.7 mm M3 Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (300 rpg = 1,200 total)

The M3 Browning is a new weapon in the Italian arsenal at this 5th tier and compared to the previous experiences a let down. The rate of fire is phenomenal, but the small calibre and ammo size put a serious damper to the mood, that is in comparison of course. In practise and with good aim, it can easily shred four fighters. The high bullet velocity and fire rate is quite the advantage in the fast pace world of jet combat, ensuring hits in deflection shots where the lower rate of fire found in the [[:Category:Fifth rank aircraft|Soviet jet fighters]] might have failed the pilot.
Yet one will always look onto greener pastures, especially as the Gina only has four guns unlike all other Browning armed jets.

No matter how you turn it, the armament is only manageable with skill and for a beginner outright bad.

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|FFAR Mighty Mouse}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* Without load
* 2 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (1,000 lb total)
* 38 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets

The ordnance carried by the G.91 is mediocre. It was designed as a fighter and it shows in the additional payloads. They should only be considered for a quick drop on the way to the combat zone, losing height/speed advantage in doing so, or once aerial dominance has already been established. Even then many other jets are way better suited for ground attacks.

The bombs are standard fare and often not worse the hassle with their low total yield. The FFAR rockets are a far better option allowing to tackle more than one target, even though they only work well against soft target and up to medium tanks.

== Usage in battles ==

Air superiority is the combat objective for the G.91 ''Gina'', anything else is secondary. In team games lure enemy fighters into extensive and excessive dogfights to allow your heavier and less nimble allies to "Boom-and-Zoom" or "Boom-and-Run" them. With their great thrust to weight ratio the G.91 can maintain their energy superiority and in emergencies (such as non-existant teamplay) to disengage. Alternatively standard BnZ is considerable choice. Again the great acceleration allows for more energy expensive manoeuvres and still disengage without much worry from the target. Such follies would be deadly in many other fighters, but the Gina is hence quite forgiving. In fact too forgiving, new pilots to the jet age need to lose old habits and the G.91 does not force one's hand.

Against bombers and ground attack craft the G.91 lacks fire power and it will take considerable ammo use to compensate for this. The measly protection against defensive fire makes this a dangerous task anyway and should thusly be left for better equipped allies.

The very same can be said for ground attacks. While being able to mount air-to-ground ordnance, the payload yield is minuscule. The FFAR pods are the only worthwhile consideration, but run against the G.91's intended role of Air Superiority Fighter.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Low weight, High thrust to weight ratio
** Great turn time for a jet; can give the MiG-15 a run for its money
** Great acceleration and climb rate
* 4 x M3 machine guns can be deadly if aimed correctly and used in close range

'''Cons:'''

* Short burst time due to low ammo count
* Limited ground attack abilities
* Bleeds off a lot of speed in a full elevator turn
* Can rip its wings off if you pull full elevator past 800 km/h

== History ==

Winner of the 1953 NATO light tactical support aircraft competition, the Fiat "Small Sabre" would be in production for 19 years, with 756 aircraft completed, with the last aircraft produced in 1977. It served in the Italian and West German air forces starting in 1961 and 1962 respectively.

The original competition specifications called for a jet able to carry 450 kg of ordnance with an operational radius of 180 km, assuming 10 minutes over the target, with a maximum speed of at least Mach 0.95 and a takeoff distance of no more than 1100m, on unprepared or grass runways. Eight aircraft competed in the first round, including the French Dassault Etendard (then called the Mystere XXVI) and the British Folland Gnat. The Etendard, the G.91 and a Breguet design were selected for the second round beginning in late 1957. Fiat went ahead with pre-production ("pre-serie" in Italian) aircraft, with first flight in August, 1956, seven months ahead of its competitors. The crash of the first prototype due to aeroclastic vibrations in February, 1957, proved a setback, but the G.91 entered the second round as scheduled and was announced as the winner in January, 1958.

Critics said Fiat had just copied the F-86 Sabre, which it was manufacturing under license, but these claims seem unwarranted. Operational service evaluations with the Italian air force's 103 Squadron ran from February to July, 1959, leading to a West German decision to manufacture the aircraft under license.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [http://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?q=%23g91 '''Skins''' and '''camouflages''' for the G.91 from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|k15BSV4Xx9w|'''The Shooting Range #46''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 05:29 discusses the G.91.|tCiqB569rTg|'''"The G.91 Is The Most Braindead Jet To Fly... But It's Still Fun"''' - ''SPITflyer''}}https://youtu.be/RnNiuvYl0go

== See also ==


* [[F-86A-5|F-86A-5 Sabre]] - combat role predecessor
* [[La-15]] and [[Yak-30]] - similar flight style
* [[G.91 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/363988-fiat-g91-discussion-thread/ WT Forum: Fiat G.91 discussion thread]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/364977-fiat-g91-preserie/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[wikipedia:Fiat_G.91|[Wikipedia] Fiat G.91]]

{{AirManufacturer Fiat}}
{{Italy jet aircraft}}

Ar 234 B-2

2021-02-18T12:57:19Z

U108381718: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = German jet bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the other version
| link = Ar 234 C-3
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=arado-234
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German jet bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

The Arado Ar 234 was the world's first ever jet bomber and the second jet-powered aircraft to go into service with the Luftwaffe. The Arado showed great potential but was produced too late in the war and in too little number to have any major effect on the outcome of WWII. Despite its great speed and high-altitude performance, the Ar 234 was not invulnerable and some fell prey to the guns of slower Allied fighters. One major problem for the Ar 234 was its poor backwards visibility, as well as its lack of manoeuvrability at low speeds. The Ar 234 B-2 had a maximum bomb load of 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Usually it carried it as three 500 kg (1,100 lb) SC500K bombs, one under the fuselage and each of the engine nacelles. Alternatively, it could also carry a single 1000 kg (2,205 lb) SC1000 or SD 1,000 'Hermann' in place of the smaller bombs. Inside the cockpit, the standard equipment included a Patin PDS autopilot and a complicated Lofte 7k tachymetric bombsight. Other modifications of this bombsight can also be found on the Junkers Ju 88 (Lofte 7, 7C, 7D and 7H), Heinkel He 111 H-5 (Lofte 7A) and He 177 (Lofte 7B and 7C), Focke-Wulf Fw 200 (Lofte 7D and 7H) and the Messerschmitt Me 262 A-2a/U2 (7H, 7K and 7K-2). Both pieces of equipment could be used simultaneously.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


The plane is extremely easy to fly, both in Realistic and Simulator battles. With payload attached, the speed must be monitored carefully, especially if you are taking off from a short runway. Dive bombing and low altitude bombing is not only possible, but also quite easy thanks to very good elevator control and rudder authority even at considerable speed. Landing is somewhat rather easy compared to other planes of same size and class thanks to very robust landing gear structure and good flaps characteristic.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 710 || 687 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.4 || 30.0 || 24.6 || 23.7 || rowspan="2" | 700
|-
! Upgraded
| 777 || 742 || 28.0 || 28.5 || 32.9 || 28.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 527 || 498 || 350 || ~8 || ~4
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 500 || < 550 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="3" | Empty mass || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Junkers Jumo 004B-1 || 2
| colspan="3" | 3,735 kg || colspan="3" | 252 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 24m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 60m fuel || 88m fuel
|-
| 745 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 4,578 kg || 4,783 kg || 5,294 kg || 5,805 kg || 6,760 kg || 9,350 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 24m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 60m fuel || 88m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 910 kgf || N/A
| 0.40 || 0.38 || 0.34 || 0.31 || 0.27 || 0.19
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 910 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.40 || 0.38 || 0.34 || 0.31 || 0.27 || 0.19
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 15 mm steel - pilot's headrest

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|SC250JA (250 kg)|SC500K (500 kg)|SC1000L2 (1,000 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 3 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (750 kg total)
* 3 x 500 kg SC500K bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 1 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bomb (1,000 kg total)
* 1 x 1,000 kg SC1000L2 bomb + 2 x 250 kg SC250JA bombs (1,500 kg total)

== Usage in battles ==

'''Arcade''':

Due to the limited payload of only 3 x 500 kg bombs, this plane is most effective as a fast tactical bomber. It is very effective against any ground unit in-game, reliably taking out heavy tanks, pillboxes and destroyers. This can be done with a fast in-and-out approach, diving to do high speed, low-alt run over the ground targets then running to safety and then climbing while bombs reload to be able to repeat. If an enemy fighter does manage to catch up to engage the Arado, then you must resort to using the 234's excellent manoeuvrability to evade enemy fire until you can reach safety or help arrives. For ground attack, the 3 x 500 kg payload is the best option, as each is capable of destroying any individual ground target.

Some would advocate side-climbing and then high-alt base bombing. This may help ensure survivability, but in Arcade mode, the total bombload is too small to be very effective. While destroying the mini-bases may be useful, attacks on the airfield would be insignificant. In base-bombing roles, you may find that the upgraded bombload is worthwhile, as it has slightly less drag and slightly higher total TNT content within its bombs.

'''Realistic''':

Fast tactical bomber. Go in, destroy the target, either two tanks/pillboxes, or one strategic bomb-zone target. At this point the pilot has several options:

# Run back to base to rearm. Inform your allies about any foes you might have seen. On the second run, the Arado can either continue hitting ground targets/bases or loiter near the enemy airfield to bomb landed planes...though with many pilots being able to rearm in 15 seconds (even in RB) this can be difficult to achieve. Be sure not to be spotted!
# Mimic history and be a reconnaissance (and bait) plane. The Arado's top speed in combination with its manoeuvrability allows for great dodging ability. Used against the enemy team, they might chase the Arado and lose precious energy, making them easy targets for your allies. In addition, their location is revealed and shown to the team, too.
# Be "honourable" and utilize the only offensive weapon the Arado has: Itself. While ramming is a viable form of fighting for Arado pilots, other players ("targets") may be rather annoyed by it (the community term "''Ruse Cruise Missile''" originates from this).

Regular medium bomber tactics apply. Stay stealthy, stay fast and watch out during the landing approach.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Fast and very manoeuvrable
* Good energy retention + good dive speed = easy escape after the bombing
* Overheating is not an issue at all, even when stock
* The stock payload is all you need
* Gets air spawned in realistic battles
* Very good aircraft to grind
* Can escape from most propeller planes ''after the payload has been dropped''
* Small target
* Very efficient in taking out individual targets in ground strike maps (AB), with maxed reload time can drop a salvo roughly every 40 seconds
* Durable flaps, combat flaps get warning at 530 km/h and landing flaps are still usable slightly before combat flaps' limits, which makes fast landing easier

'''Cons:'''

* No offensive or defensive armament
* Some piston engine planes can catch the Arado during a dive
* Tail is easily damaged
* Impossible to recover from dives speeds higher than 780 kph when stock and upgraded
* Poor high-altitude acceleration
* No WEP in realistic battles
* Can only carry three bombs and release them in two separate loads
* No armour
* The pilot is easily knocked out due to the absence of armour on the front of the plane
* Can be extremely hard to take off
* Most of the time in 7.0 -7.7 games

== History ==

In late 1940, an order for a turbojet-powered reconnaissance aircraft was issued by the Reichsluftfahrtministerium (the German Air Ministry). The winning design was the Arado Ar 234, a high-wing, incredibly fast jet bomber/reconnaissance aircraft with twin Jumo 004 engines. Since Germany's resources were running low the prototype was only able to fly in 1943 and was only able to fly combat missions after D-Day. Even after these setbacks, it was still the world's first operational jet bomber and reconnaissance aircraft.

The prototype used a wooden tricycle trolley for take-offs and a singular skid for landing. Also, since the plane was so fast the only times it would be vulnerable was during takeoff and landing. The design soon moved to conventional landing gear after to trolleys were quite risky and during landings when the plane would tilt over at low speed. Also to accommodate the tricycle landing gear the fuselage was made wider. Plus, an autopilot system was installed so that as the pilot was on his bombing run he could concentrate on his bombing targets. One of the other problems that were worked around was adding Walther 109-500 RATO motors (Rocket-Assisted Take Off) were used to shorten the aircraft's lengthy take-off run.

The pilot controlled the plane from the forward nose compartment which had an incredible amount of visibility, though the position made the 6 o'clock position behind the pilot extremely vulnerable. So a periscope was installed to counter this disability. The periscope would have doubled up as a sight for the guns on the tail that were meant to be installed but never were. Also, it could serve as a dive-bombing sight. The control yoke was moved aside inside the cockpit so that it could be moved out of the way when on the bombing run. When this was moved out of the way the pilot looked into a bombsight located in between his knees. Like many German aircraft, the main controls and gauges were colour-coded for easy recognition by the ground crews.

The main unit to use this aircraft in combat was KG76 who were based in Norway, though other units also used this aircraft. This aircraft had limited usefulness as fuel and engine production was what would send it out of combat at the end of the war.<ref>Connor, R and Moore, C., ''In the cockpit II'', New York : HarperCollins Publishers, 2010</ref>

=== In-game description ===
The Arado Ar 234 Blitz (Lightning) was the world's first operational jet bomber, built by Arado in Germany during WWII. It was used by the Luftwaffe for reconnaissance from November 1944 and as a fast bomber against Allied targets from December of that year. Despite the fact that late in the war the plane was used only sporadically due to a fuel shortage, it remained a very difficult target to intercept because of its high speed.

As a bomber, the Ar-234B-2 could carry a payload of up to 2,000 kg and could also be used for reconnaissance.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/262863-arado-ar-234-b-2/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

=== References ===
<references />

{{AirManufacturer Arado}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

B-29A-BN

2021-02-14T18:35:22Z

U108381718: /* Description */

{{About
| about = American heavy bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = B-29/Tu-4 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=b-29
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.47 "Big Guns"]]. The B-29 follows the [[B-24D-25-CO|B-24 Liberator]] in the U.S. bomber branch and is currently the last American propeller-powered bomber in the US Tech Tree. (Not counting the Premium A2D1 attacker aircraft.) At the top of its game, the {{PAGENAME}} is one of the most powerful and heavily armed bombers found in War Thunder, though it suffers from both an immense repair cost, and a large chance to face early jets.

In the few years leading up to World War II, the United States Army Air Corps (USAAC) realized that its current primary heavy bomber, the [[B-17 (Family)|B-17]] would not have the range nor the payload which would be needed to efficiently transit what would end up becoming the Pacific Theater. To compensate for this Boeing began to develop a prototype which would incorporate a pressurized cabin to allow for higher altitude flying, which would help to protect the bomber from Japanese fighters which struggled to get to the higher altitudes.
[[File:B-29 kawashima momo 001.png|350px|thumb|left|A view of the '''{{PAGENAME}}''' cockpit.]]
The resulting XB-29 prototype and the later production series B-29 bomber had everything the USAAC was looking for, high-pressured cockpit, a maximum altitude of almost 32,000 ft (9753.6 m), true air-speed around 372 mph (600 kph) and could carry a massive payload of bombs upwards of 20,000 lbs (9,072 kg). Defensive positions on the B-29 were well placed to ensure maximum coverage surrounding the bomber. This bomber was one of the first aircraft to be fitted with the General Electric Central Fire Control system which could be used to remotely control four of the remotely controlled turrets (two dorsal and two ventral). Though in their early stages, this aircraft's turrets each also had a General Electric analogue computer linked to it allowing the weapons to be more accurate by automatically factoring in airspeed, gravity, temperature and lead time for the inbound aircraft. With this setup, these turrets could be controlled from the nose, tail or any of the three mid-fuselage positions and a single gunner could actually control more than one turret at a time increasing the effectiveness and lethality of the bomber's defences. Bristling with 12 x M2 Browning machine guns, the {{PAGENAME}} was extremely difficult to approach, yet make a successful pass and leave untouched.

Unlike other bombers which can take on a secondary role as a pseudo-attacker, the {{PAGENAME}} is a bomber, period. The sole purpose of the B-29 is to beat ground targets into submission either with upwards of 40 x 500 lb bombs, 18 x 1,000 lb bombs or 8 x 2,000 lb bombs. The larger 1,000 and 2,000 lb bombs are perfect for base bombing while the relatively smaller 500 lb bombs make the perfect tool for carpet bombing where vehicles, pillboxes or anti-aircraft artillery may be clustered together which may be reminiscent for pilots who have flown the rank I French bomber the [[F.222.2]] and utilized its 52 x 50 kg [[G.A. MMN. 50 (50 kg)|G.A. MMN. 50]] bombs which created area denial on early maps.

The {{PAGENAME}} is an aerial beast which can drop a beastly amount of explosive ordnance, rivalled by few, but is not immune to enemy fighters. Altitude is this bombers friend and when achieved can be a safer haven from which to rain down explosives on enemy bases or vehicles.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

[[File:B-29 jonigustavo 001.png|300px|thumb|right]]

The {{PAGENAME}}, much like its contemporaries the Messerschmitt [[Me 264]], Blohm & Voss [[BV 238]] and Tupolev [[Tu-4]] was built for the sole purpose of flying high and dropping large amounts of bombs. To account for these characteristics, others such as manoeuvrability, rate-of-climb and acceleration were compromised. The B-29 is a heavy aircraft which when adding 10,000 – 20,000 lbs of ordnance will only make the plane that much more difficult to get to altitude, but once there this aircraft does have a decent cruising speed. To help speed up gameplay for this aircraft, it is given an air-start at the beginning of matches and also after landing to reload and repair due to its sheer size and difficulty climbing to its bombing altitude.

The typical method of utilizing this bomber is to fly the aircraft to a higher altitude. Depending on the enemy fighters, attackers and interceptors which appear in the match, you may be able to stay lower around 20,000 ft (6,000 m) or you may need to increase closer to 30,000 ft (9,150 m) to make it extremely difficult for the fighters to follow you up and many if they do get that high, their engines are struggling to keep the plane above stall speed which provides you with the opportunity to leave them behind or to easily pick them off with your gunners.

One downside to flying at the higher altitudes in arcade battles is that if you bomb a base but don't completely destroy it, it is difficult to circle back around and bomb again when the bombs have reloaded. A wide circle is necessary to accomplish this and it may be better and more efficient instead to fly towards another base, bomb it and turn around and finish off the first base. Another option too is to leave the partially bombed bases for the smaller and slower bombers on your team to finish off or just catch the partially bombed bases on a return pass.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 9,100 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 615 || 603 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 33.2 || 34.4 || 4.1 || 4.1 || rowspan="2" | 1,500
|-
! Upgraded
| 669 || 641 || 30.7 || 32.0 || 11.7 || 6.5
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 340 || 340 || 270 || ~3 || ~1
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 340 || < 350 || < 290 || > 400
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 9,720 m || 2,200 hp || 2,499 hp
|-
|}

====Engine performance====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Engine
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine Name
! colspan="3" | Number present
|-
| colspan="3" | Wright R-3350-57 18-cylinder || 4
|-
! colspan="4" | Engine characteristics
|-
! colspan="2" | Weight (each)
! colspan="1" | Type
! colspan="1" | Cooling
|-
| colspan="2" | 1,251 kg || Radial || Air
|-
! colspan="4" | Engine power (Stock)
|-
! colspan="2" | Max
! colspan="2" | Take-off
|-
| colspan="2" | 1,975 hp || colspan="2" | 2,276 hp
|-
! colspan="4" | Engine power (Upgraded)
|-
! colspan="2" | Max
! colspan="2" | Take-off
|-
| colspan="2" | 2,200 hp || colspan="2" | 2,502 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 60 mm Bulletproof glass in front of the pilots.
* 6.5 mm Steel plates in front of the pilots.
* 6.5 mm Steel plates behind the pilots.
* 6.5 mm Steel plates in front of tail control tractions.
* 6.5 mm Steel plates boxing around rear dorsal gunner and beam gunners.
* 6.5 mm Steel plate behind the rear ventral gunner.
* 60 mm Bulletproof glass in front of tail gunner.
* 6.5 mm Steel plate in front of tail gunner.

The {{PAGENAME}} had to be judicious when it came to providing protecting armour for the aircrew at the sacrifice of additional fuel or ordnance. In fact, later models removed many of their defensive turrets in order to allow for more fuel and ordnance to be loaded. It is obvious that an aircraft this size will be a huge target for enemy fighters to attack with the nose section (''cockpit'') and the tail turret being the two most likely targets (''head-on attack and tail approach attack'') and thus both areas were outfitted with 60 mm bulletproof glass which helps against lower caliber weapons, however 20 mm and above make short work of the bulletproof glass. 6.5 mm steel plates are scattered around the aircraft to provide protection for both the crew members and some of the control surface linkages. Though not a stop-all invincible shield for the crew, it many instances it provided enough protection to allow crew members to survive and fight another day.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

[[File:B-29 meanswing 001.png|450px|thumb|right]]
{{main|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|AN-M65A1 (1,000 lb)|AN-M66A2 (2,000 lb)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 20 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (10,000 lb total)
* 18 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs (18,000 lb total)
* 40 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (20,000 lb total)
* 8 x 2,000 lb AN-M66A2 bombs (16,000 lb total)
* Note: A nuclear payload becomes available for the B-29 in Ground Arcade battles of BR 6.0 and higher. It consists of 1 nuclear bomb and is attainable after reaching 15 kills in the match.

One might say the {{PAGENAME}} is effectively a dump truck which can dump a ton of explosives, no make that upwards of 10 tons of explosives upon enemy targets. Utilising speed at higher altitudes, it is the purpose of the Superfortress to race to an enemy base or ground targets and just rain down TNT. With three choices of bomb weights to choose from and four different configurations, there is no shortage of ways to destroy ground targets. The 1,000 lb and 2,000 lb bombs come in most handy for base bombing as they do the most amount of damage for the least amount of effort in a concentrated area. Area of denial is the speciality of the 500 lb bombs when used in carpet bombing operations. Carpet bombing is effectively laying down many of the 500 lb bombs at one time over an area where vehicles such as trucks, tanks and anti-aircraft vehicles or hardened structures such as pillboxes or anti-aircraft artillery may be located at. Since vehicles are on the move, dropping multiple bombs at a time making it more difficult for them to move out of the way and avoid the inbound ordnance.

With the {{PAGENAME}}, there is no real overkill with the bombs, which can make the Superfortress a prime target to be eliminated early as with upwards of 20,000 lbs in bombs, the {{PAGENAME}} can make short work of enemy bases and end the match earlier than most will expect.

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, tail turret (550 rpg = 1,100 total)
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, rear ventral turret (575 rpg = 1,150 total)
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, rear dorsal turret (500 rpg = 1,000 total)
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, front ventral turret (500 rpg = 1,000 total)
* 4 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, front dorsal turret (400 rpg = 1,600 total)

The {{PAGENAME}} is defended by an impressive 12 x .50 calibre Browning machine guns rivalled only by the Blohm & Voss [[BV 238]], Tupolev [[Tu-4]], Consolidated [[PB4Y-2]] and [[B-24D-25-CO|B-24]] and the Boeing [[B-17 (Family)|B-17]]. Typically when bombers add more guns, they had to add more crew to operate them which increased the overall weight of the aircraft, though ensuring more protection, it also reduced the amount of fuel or bombs which could be carried.

As a historical note, the advent of early analogue computers which were outfitted on the {{PAGENAME}} and the state-of-the-art General Electric Central Fire Control System allowed for remote operation of both dorsal and both ventral turrets along with the tail gun if needed. The turrets could be linked through the fire control system and allow one gunner to operate multiple guns at one time. Simplifying this process and allowing gunners from just about anywhere on the aircraft to control the turrets reduced the number of crew members needed to operate the aircraft. Though four times the size of a B-25, the {{PAGENAME}} operated efficiently on the same amount of crew members, seven.

The computer-aided turrets allowed for more accuracy when firing and can train the guns in just about any direction needed to combat incoming fighters. The tail gunner position is especially deadly as a fighter perched on the tail will be flying into the oncoming bullets from the tail gun position, thereby taking more damage when hit and more likely to take on a critical hit or disabling blow. Though not totally invulnerable to the crafty fighter pilot, the {{PAGENAME}} in its own right is a porcupine with sharp quills pointing in all directions which will make it as difficult as possible for anyone to get past the defences.

== Usage in battles ==


The ultimate strategic bomber for the [[:Category:USA_aircraft|USAF]]. Loaded up with eight metric tonnes (8 long tonnes) of bombs and twelve good ol' Browning heavy machine guns this is the ''Superfortress''! A wonderful advertising name, but don't be fooled, it is literally bigger than a barn and thus impossible to miss. Keep a safe distance from any hot combat zones. Your defensive turrets will not keep you safe, they will shred any foe getting close, but the B-29's enemies do not need too! So concentrate on what this plane is good at; delivering payload, and ''lots of it''.

Once your bombing run is complete, start descending towards your airfield; enemy fighters might be trying to find you so you should be even more alert now than before. The B-29 has one of the most powerful defensive systems installed on any bomber, so you should be able to defend yourself reasonably well unless it is a head-on attack where you will have very limited protection. You must also combine it with a defensive style of flying to utilize it to its full potential; the B-29 offers great handling for its size. Despite this, be very careful when you enter a dive. It is just as prone as any other aircraft to suffering structural damage if its limitations are exceeded.

Great defensive armament will destroy most enemies that do get close. Being able to point at least four fifty-caliber in every direction and about six to the six o'clock position will deal with any fighter quickly. But do not forget the size of the Fortress. Most of the enemies shells will hit some mark.

Of course, bomb load is very good with the B-29, with its historic performance as one of the best American bomber in service. Up to 8 x 2,000 lb could be carried in the bomb bay

;"Hit-and-Run" tactic

Another way the B-29 can be played is in a "hit and run" tactic. In BR 7.0, the {{PAGENAME}} will face mostly jets, so climbing to a very high altitude sometime wouldn't work because the jets will be able to catch up quickly. The "hit and run" tactic is very risky, but it can be very enjoyable, and if it works then you can end the game in 15 minutes. Since the match will start with the B-29 spawning in at about 4,500 meters (15,000 ft), go into a shallow dive and maintain speed about 450 km/h (270 mph). Dive towards an altitude of around 3,000 meters (9,842 ft) so that enemy anti-aircraft positions do not fire at the B-29, which may expose it to other enemy fighters. Do not head directly to an enemy base, instead go around 10-20 degrees off course towards the base direction so that the enemy can't easily find the B-29 from tracing a line between the friendly spawn point to their base. If present, use clouds to obscure the B-29's profile in the skies.

From here, the enemy jets' behavior will decide if this tactic will work or not. Typically, the enemy would be divided between the planes attacking ground targets at low altitude, far from a bomber's path to a base, or planes climbing to high altitudes for energy fighting and searching for high-altitude bombers. The intent of the dive to ~2,000 meters and the 450 km/h speed is to squeeze in between the ground attackers and interceptors and pass by undetected. If everything goes right, the B-29 should be able to reach its first base unimpeded without any fighters in pursuit, which can allow a B-29 the opportunity to knock out three or four bases before enemy fighters become alerted toward the B-29 precise location. From that point, the B-29 can either attempt to use the rest of its payload against the enemy airfield (unadvised as the low-altitude run exposes the B-29 to the anti-aircraft guns at the airfield) or return back to base triumphantly awaiting a bomb reload.

Due to this tactic hinging only on the success of slipping through the enemies undetected, this tactic should not be relied if there are no clouds for concealment, the match is an uptier against more advanced jets, or if the player is not able to sustain the repair costs of a damaged B-29.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Auto control available || Not controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Combined || Controllable 1 gear || Auto controlled
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===

[[File:B-29 your jacket 001.jpg|450px|thumb|right|A Bf 109 attempts to take on a '''{{PAGENAME}}'''.]]

'''Pros:'''

* Second heaviest payload in War Thunder next to the Soviet [[Tu-4]]
* Stock bomb load is able to destroy bases with one payload in arcade and up to two bases in realistic/simulatory battles
* Can be difficult for fighters to reach same cruising altitude, even for jets
* Effective defensive turrets which virtually have no blind spots
* Rather fast for its size
* Virtually immune to small arms machine gunfire
* Receives air start after repairing/rearming in an airfield
* All payload options are internal and have next to no effect on flight performance
* Gunners are located separately from the gun turret (remote-controlled turrets) with the exception of the tail turret
* Can easily win a match if allowed to reach optimal bombing altitude

[[File:B-29 kohler 001.png|450px|thumb|right|]]
'''Cons:'''

* Easily susceptible to damage from autocannons larger than 20 mm especially the [[MK 108 (30 mm)|MK 108]]
* Unable to reliably defend itself from multiple opponents attacking at once from multiple directions
* Big size, can easily be spotted from long distances, especially with skilled crews
* Has a low dive top-speed
* As with all heavy bombers, it lacks the ability to manoeuvre well
* Takes a while to reach an optimal altitude
* Landing gear takes a long time to deploy and retract
* Wings are considered weak spots
* Will face jets most of the time
* Very high repair cost
* Low flap deployment max speed

== History ==


The B-29 was one of the largest aircraft used during World War II. It was exclusively used in the Pacific Theatre during the war and participated in bombing raids on multiple islands in the Pacific war. The B-29 became the world's first and only nuclear-capable bomber to deliver weapons during wartime when on August 6th, 1945 the B-29 ''Enola Gay'' dropped the atomic bomb known as "Little Boy" on Hiroshima, Japan. Three days later, the B-29 ''Bockscar'' dropped the second atomic bomb "Fat Man" on Nagasaki, Japan.

During the Second World War, its only area of operations was the Pacific Theater specifically targeting the Japanese mainland. It also saw combat service in the Korean War a small group of loaned aircraft were evaluated by the R.A.F during the early 1950's as well. In British service, they were known as the "Washington B Mk. 1".

During World War 2, the B-29 completed over 20,000 sorties with an estimated 180,000 tons of bombs dropped, as well as two atomic bombs. A total number of 3,970 were built and delivered to the USAAF. Perhaps the most famous "copy" of the war was the Tu-4. Although outwardly looking identical, this Soviet "B-29" was converted to metric making it unique. Other aircraft derived from the B-29 include the B-50, C-97, KC-97, 377 Stratocruiser, and NASA's own Guppy cargo carriers.<ref name="Vehicle Profile WT forum">Excerpts from [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/292156-profile-b-29-superfortress/ 'Profile' B-29 Superfortress], no Author mentioned.</ref>

The B-29 post-war also helped in the scientific, research, and development fields. They would play a key role in hurricane hunting and storm chasing which allowed it to collect key information about storm patterns, and helped to improve and to develop new radar systems such as the "sun tracker". It was also the aircraft that carried the supersonic test aircraft Bell X-1 into the air. The last American B-29 squadron was retired in the 1960s. Today one called "Fifi" still flies at air show circuits. It was joined by another named "Doc" in 2016.<ref name="Vehicle Profile WT forum" />

[[File:B-29 tay777 001.png|550px|thumb|center|]]
=== In-game description ===
An all-metal monoplane with a retractable landing gear system including a nosewheel. The crew consisted of 14 persons. Distinctive features of the Superfortress included a pressurized cockpit for the crew and a Central Fire Control system for the defensive armament.

The B-29 (Model 345) was developed by the Boeing Aircraft design department in early 1940. The XB-29 prototype model performed its maiden flight on September 21, 1942. Full-scale production of the aircraft was started in June 1943.

В-29s had Wright R-3350-23 eighteen-cylinder, radial air-cooled engines producing a maximum power of 2,200 hp, with four-bladed automatic propellers.

The defensive armament of the Superfortress included four remotely controlled turrets: two below the fuselage and two above. Each turret housed two 12.7 mm Colt-Browning M2.5 machine guns with 500-1,000 rounds each. Some aircraft had an upper front turret equipped with four machine guns. All weapons were aimed at the target from three sighting stations located in blisters and from the bombardier's station.

Three armament options were available for the rear mount, controlled by an independent air gunner: a 20 mm Hispano-Bendix AN-M2 cannon and two 12.7 mm Colt-Browning M2.5 machine guns, three 12.7 mm machine guns, or two 12.7 mm machine guns.

A bomb load of up to 9,000 kg was housed in two bomb bays, where cluster racks were mounted.

The B-29 was equipped with a large amount of radio equipment for various purposes. Its large bomb capacity, powerful and effective defensive armament, and state-of-the-art equipment would have turned the Superfortress into the best heavy bomber of World War II if not for engine breakdowns that continually plagued the aircraft. For one whole year, up to the middle of 1944, the bomber's performance was hampered by a high accident rate. It was only by the end of the summer of 1944 that efforts to improve the fire-prone engines were relatively successful, but the problem was never entirely eradicated.

B-29s were used exclusively in the Pacific theater of the war. Superfortresses were used in combat for the first time on June 5, 1944 during the raid on Bangkok. On June 14, 1944, American bombers attacked the territory of Japan for the first time. Military and industrial facilities in Sasebo, Nagasaki, Omura and Yawata were regularly attacked. In August 1944, B-29s began to bomb oil refineries on the island of Sumatra.

The B-29s were flown out of China until December 1944, when they were relocated to India. Their targets were docks in Singapore, ports in Indochina, and rail junctions in Burma. В-29s also mined rivers in China and the coastal waters of Vietnam and Malaya from the air.

In October 1944, B-29s began carrying out massive attacks on Japan from the Mariana Islands. During the war, these aircraft dropped 54,917 tons of high-explosive bombs and 109,068 tons of incendiary bombs on Japan and delivered 12,000 naval mines. The В-29 became the world's first nuclear weapon carrier when it dropped nuclear bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

From 1950-53, B-29 bombers took part in the Korean War. From 1950-55, the aircraft was operated by the RAF Bomber Command under the designation "Washington B.1".

A total of 3,947 В-29s were manufactured, including all variants. The plane was withdrawn from service as a bomber with the USA in late 1954.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=usa&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=heavy_bomber&vehicle=b-29 '''Skins''' and '''camouflages''' for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<div><ul>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:B-29 kawashima momo 002.png|thumb|none|300px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:B-29 th fegel team 001.png|thumb|none|250px|]] </li>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:B-29 kawashima momo 003.png|thumb|none|300px|]] </li>
</ul></div>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|3Ut75XHCWgk|'''War Thunder Realistic: B-29A-BN Superfortress [Grace]''' - ''Jengar''|iJhLf-SOVIc|'''War Thunder B-29 SuperFortress Bomber Gameplay''' - ''BaronVonGamez''|gxIVvUZGptw|'''The Shooting Range #51''' - ''Special'' section at 00:29 discusses the B-29 & Tu-4.|8Yewf7LXfUU|'''WT - B-29 - Punished for not Scumbagging''' - ''NapalmRatte''}}

== See also ==


;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* Tupolev [[Tu-4]] (unauthorized reverse-engineered copy of the B-29)
* Avro [[Lincoln B Mk II]]
* Nakajima [[G8N1]]
* Messerschmitt [[Me 264]]

== External links ==


* [http://warthunder.com/en/news/3507/current/ [Profile<nowiki>]</nowiki> B-29 Superfortress]
* [[Wikipedia:Boeing_B-29_Superfortress|[Wikipedia] B-29 Superfortress]]
* [https://www.boeing.com/history/products/b-29-superfortress.page [Boeing.com<nowiki>]</nowiki> B-29 Superfortress History Page]
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=82 [Militaryfactory.com<nowiki>]</nowiki> Boeing B-29 Superfortress - Strategic High-Altitude Long-Range Heavy Bomber Aircraft]
* [https://www.warhistoryonline.com/military-vehicle-news/hero-soviet-union-japanese.html [Warhistoryonline.com<nowiki>]</nowiki> Futuristic Cannons of B-29 Superfortress: Ahead and Behind the Times]

=== References ===
<references />

{{AirManufacturer Boeing}}
{{USA bombers}}

He 112 A-0

2021-02-14T15:13:21Z

U108381718: Removal of misinformation regarding climb rate.

{{About
| about = German fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = He 112 (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=he_112a_0
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

The He 112 A-0 is a very solid plane. Being fully-metal and equipped with a 20 mm MG C/30L cannon, it is quite a formidable foe in the hands of a decent rank I pilot.

Speed and climb are one of the main factors when using this plane. It is roughly on par with the faster monoplanes at rank I, being slightly slower than the [[F2A-3|F2A]] and [[P-36G]]. Climb rate is good when engine upgrades and fuselage upgrades are purchased, at around 11 m/s. While this is much less than some of the top pre-war biplanes, the He 112 is also much faster, better protected, and performs better at altitude.

Play in the vertical when using the He 112. Typical rank I planes consist of biplanes and pre-war monoplanes that are ''much'' more manoeuvrable than the He 112. Don't get into a horizontal turn fight with a biplane; energy retention is fairly poor and after a few turns you'll be left a sitting duck for 7.92 mm and .50 cal MGs to rip you apart. Climb to a favourable height (3-4 km), and then begin boom and zoom attacks, by diving on favourable targets. In Realistic Battles, ''do not'' dive far vertically or perform extreme manoeuvres at high speed; your wings will rip.

One unique aspect of the He 112 A-0 is its excellent cannon, the MG C/30L. Derived from the Flak 38, the MG C/30L possesses very good firepower, and when utilizing HE (High Explosive) shells, it is capable of ripping all rank I planes apart with a few short bursts. Be warned, however - against bombers, utilise deflection shooting and attack at angles, aiming for the wing. A single 20 mm, regardless of capability, will do you no good if you simply pump shells into a bomber's fuselage.

Another unique aspect of the He 112 A-0 is its capability to outdive a lot of planes, being that the He 112 A-0 is very heavy. The He 112 A-0 is also very manoeuvrable at high speeds, whereas most monoplanes at a similar battle rating tend to be sluggish in a turn.

Overall, remember- the He 112 excels in the vertical and in terms of firepower/durability, being an all-metal monoplane with an excellent cannon.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

The aircraft is an evolution of the [[He 112 V-5]], and loses the 7.92 mm MGs in favour of a single 20 mm cannon. Obviously it is more sluggish, less fast, heavier and deadlier. It has a very poor turn time, so do not dogfight.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,200 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 458 || 443 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 17.7 || 18.3 || 9.5 || 9.4 || rowspan="2" | 350
|-
! Upgraded
| 488 || 473 || 16.3 || 17.0 || 12.8 || 11.1
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 350 || 350 || 270 || ~10 || ~8
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 280 || < 320 || < 360 || > 315
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 2,800 m || 640 hp || N/A
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The survivability of the plane is decent. Because of the open canopy, the pilot is vulnerable, and the plane can withstand a few hits, but not anything great. The aircraft has no armour, but speed makes up for it. If you fly fast you will survive. It has self-sealing fuel tanks, with 1 in each wing.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG C/30L (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 1 x 20 mm MG C/30L cannon, nose-mounted (100 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

[[File:Cockpit_He112V5.jpg|thumb|280px|right|The He 112's instrument panel.]]
'''Air RB:'''

The single and unique cannon gives the He 112 an interesting and quite a challenging playstyle. It has two types of rounds: API-T and HEFI-T. API-T is high penetration but causes less internal damage. It is useful against bombers and light ground targets. HEFI-T is devastating against smaller aircraft. Sometimes just one direct hit will be enough to completely dismantle a target. However, HEFI-T is unreliable against larger targets, where it often just explodes on the exterior of the target and causes limited damage. Carrying a mixed belt can be a good idea if there are a range of targets available.

The cannon can be very difficult to aim against fast targets, as it has quite a slow rate of fire. Luckily, the plane is manoeuvrable and turns well, so you can get your cannon on target quite effectively. It is also faster than biplanes and some other monoplanes, meaning that Boom & Zoom tactics work quite well. You should attack ground attack aircraft and monoplanes. Attacking biplanes, however, is a risky job because they can easily outmanoeuvre you and take you down instead.

'''Ground RB:'''

In Ground RB, you can have up 47 mm of penetration, using an API-T round, combined with a very accurate cannon, will let you, with enough luck, to destroy 4-6 tanks (including heavy tanks), before running out of ammo. Normally, the best belt for this will be the ground targets belt, but using it is risky, because it is ineffective against planes, and will require many hits, in order to destroy a target.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Decent speed
* Decent rate of climb when fully upgraded
* Extremely versatile; can do both turn fighting and energy fighting depending on the opposition
* Excellent cannon ('Air Targets' belts have brilliant HEFI-T rounds)
* Default ammo belt consists of 75% high explosive HEFI-T shells.
* API-T rounds have good penetration (over 40 mm), making them good against lightly armoured targets, though it is not recommended to use the cannon in this role
* Cannon has 100 rounds, but the slow rate of fire means that you can make these 100 rounds last

'''Cons:'''

* Exposed cockpit
* No armour to protect the pilot
* Does not excel at a particular fighting style
* Cannot outmanoeuvre any biplanes (except for a select few)
* HEFI-T does inconsistent damage against larger targets
* Aiming is difficult, needs a lot of experience
* Cannon is inaccurate and has a slow rate of fire thus low one-second burst mass, making quick deflection shots less effective
* Cannon has a rather low ammo count (only 100 rounds)
* No backup machine guns - once the cannon ammo is gone you will have to wait until reload (AB) or return to the airbase to rearm (RB/SB)
* No WEP

== History ==


The [[He 112 (Family)|Heinkel He 112]] was a monoplane fighter designed for the 1933 Luftwaffe competition. Drawing on its experience with the He 70 mail plane, Heinkel incorporated features that were new to fighters at the time. The construction was all-metal with stressed skin and the inverted "gull" wings had an elliptical shape. The landing gear was retractable and mounted in the bends of the gull wings. The end result was a sleek and modern aircraft with good cockpit visibility and superior speed to the biplane fighters that the Luftwaffe was equipped with at the time. However, it faced stiff competition from Messerschmitt's [[Bf 109 (Family)|Bf 109]]. The two planes had comparable performance. While the He 112 had better turning capabilities due to its lower wing loading, the Bf 109 was faster and accelerated better. The choice between the two aircraft was not easy for the Luftwaffe and orders were placed for limited pre-production runs of both. The Bf 109 won out in the end for several reasons: it completed testing with minimal complications whereas the He 112 suffered from several crashes, and it was also easier to manufacture than Heinkel's offering. The Bf 109's straight and largely rectangular wings were far simpler than the He 112's elliptical gull wings, for example. The development would continue for the Bf 109 and it would eventually become the Luftwaffe's most numerous and iconic World War II fighter.

Not all hope was lost for Heinkel at the time. The Luftwaffe kept up the order for pre-production He 112s as a backup for the Bf 109, and Heinkel continued to develop new prototypes as part of the '''He 112 A-0''' series. The engine, armament, and aerodynamics were refined. The sixth revision, He 112 V6, was particularly unique. Instead of the twin cowling-mounted 7.92 machine guns used by previous prototypes like the [[He 112 V-5|V5]], a 20 mm MG C/30L cannon was installed behind the engine, firing through the propeller hub in a "motorkanone" configuration. This experimental configuration had not been attempted before and the ability to elegantly mount weapons as large as the armament of the [[Pz.II C|Panzer II light tank]] on a fighter aircraft was intriguing.

With the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War, the Luftwaffe moved in to assist the Spanish Nationalist forces through the "Condor Legion" volunteer group and also to test out their new fighters. Several [[Flegel's Bf 109 A|Bf 109 prototypes]] accompanied the He 112 V6 to Spain, where they cut their teeth in live combat versus the Spanish Republicans.

He 112 V6 was the only aircraft in the theatre armed with a cannon and picked up the nickname of "Kanonenvogel", or "cannon bird". Unsurprisingly, it was used for ground attack duties alongside Luftwaffe attackers like the [[Ju 87 (Family)|Ju 87 Stuka]] and [[Hs 123 A-1| Hs 123]]. The most memorable usage of the V6 was by Oberleutenant Wilhelm Balthasar, who would later become an ace in World War II. In a single flight on March 16, 1937, Balthasar destroyed an armoured train by detonating its ammunition racks and also destroyed a tank on the way back. He was rewarded with his own attack unit consisting of He 112 V6 and several He 45 bombers. Sharing V6 with other pilots, he managed to score additional ground attack kills.

V6 eventually met its demise in a landing accident in July 19 while piloted by Max Schulze. An engine failure resulted in a crash that totalled the plane, though Schulze was unharmed.

A one-off modification with an unusual gun, the He 112 V6 served well in Spain. However, it was not able to prove itself in air combat, and while other He 112s tested in Spain also worked admirably in ground attack missions, the Bf 109 models racked up an impressive combat record against Spanish Republican aircraft. Little changed in the Luftwaffe's opinions towards the two fighters and Heinkel was resigned to offering the He 112 for export. But credit should also be given to He 112 V6 for being the first successful implementation of the "motorkanone". Such installations would appear on the rival Bf 109 from [[Bf 109 F-1|the F model]] onward in addition to foreign fighters like the Soviet [[Yak-1]] and its descendants.

=== In-game description ===
Heinkel He.112V6 (He.112A-0) single-engine front-line fighter, issued 1936.

The next prototype of the He.112V6 was equipped with an inline 12-cylinder liquid-cooled Junkers Jumo.210C engine with a takeoff power of 680 hp and a three-bladed metal Schwarz variable-pitch propeller.

The greatest difference between this plane and the previous prototype was its armament. In place of two 7.92-mm machine guns, the He.112V6 was equipped with a 20-mm Rheinmetall-Borsig MG C/30L cannon with 150 rounds which fired through the hollow propeller shaft.

The He.112V6 fighter underwent its first flight test in July of 1936. Shortly afterwards, the Reich Ministry of Aviation decided to use General Franco's rebellion in Spain (and the ensuing Civil War) to test new combat aircraft models in real combat and to develop air combat tactics. As a result, in November of 1936 three prototype Bf.109s and one He.112V6 were sent to Spain.

In early December, all four machines arrived at the Spanish port of Cadiz and were taken to Seville's Tablada airport. The aircraft were placed in the Condor Legion's 88th Fighter Group, made up of German "volunteers" and armed with German equipment. The Heinkel became the only cannon-carrying fighter, not only in the Legion, but also in the entirety of the rebels' air force. Therefore, it was decided that the plane would be used as a ground attack aircraft. Together with the Ju.87A and Hs.123 dive bombers, the Heinkel was used to strike Republican armored vehicles, field fortifications, and artillery positions. Soon it was nicknamed the "cannon bird" ("kanonenvogel").

In early 1937, the kanonenvogel took part in the battles over the river Jarama. On March 16, an He.112V6 was flown on its most successful sortie ever by Oberleutnant Wilhelm Balthasar. During an attack on an armored train, Balthasar managed to hit the ammunition in one of the armored wagons. The powerful explosion blew the car to pieces and shells detonated all around; as a result, the train was completely destroyed. On the way back, the pilot used his remaining ammunition on a Republican tank and also blew it to pieces.

After this victory, Balthasar was appointed commander of the experimental assault team, which consisted of three two-seater Ne.45 biplanes and an He.112V6 kanonenvogel.

The "cannon bird's" combat life ended on July 19, 1937. While returning to base, the plane's motor jammed unexpectedly. During the subsequent emergency landing, the He.112V6's fuselage snapped in half. The pilot escaped uninjured, but the plane was discarded.

The He.112V6 became the prototype and lead aeroplane of the pre-production He.112A-0 fighter, of which a total of five were made, two of which were exported to Japan.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=germany&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=fighter&vehicle=he_112a_0 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|-UreObOujAk|'''GranDaddy Of Tank Busting - He 112 A-0 (Guide)''' - ''8Bit Dane''|oPFjtNYmECc|'''Subs Choice Ep 24: He 112 A-0 [Killer Bee]''' - ''Jengar''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[He 112 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wikipedia:Heinkel_He_112|[Wikipedia] Heinkel He 112]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/71223-heinkel-he-112-a-0/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Heinkel}}
{{Germany fighters}}

Ki-27 otsu

2021-02-10T14:16:02Z

U108381718: Grammatical error

{{About
| about = Japanese fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = Chinese version
| link = Ki-27 otsu (China)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=ki-27_otsu
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.43]].

The Allied reporting name for this plane was "Nate"; however, it was also called "Abdul" in the "China Burma India" theater by many post-war sources.

The Ki-27 is a front-line fighter for interwar / pre-WW2 historical engagements such as the Battles of Khalkin Gol. In most maps, the Ki-27 will distinguish itself as a low-level dog-fighter; its performance below 1,000 m is superb and it can manoeuvre away from nearly any other comparable fighter. Like the Ki-10 series before it, the Ki-27 otsu suffers from its poor armament (twin 7.7 mm Type 89s) and weak armour, which means it makes for a poor interceptor despite its high speed, but the Ki-27 makes an excellent escort for friendly bombers and flying boats. Providing cover for their allied bombers is a top priority for the Ki-27 pilots.

Like its [[Ki-10-II|Ki-10]] predecessor, the Ki-27 relies on its manoeuvrability for its protection. Turn-Fighting, therefore, is vital for a Ki-27 pilot. Avoid diving on opponents, due to the Ki-27's fuel feed issues, and focus on scaring enemy pursuers away from bombers rather than chasing a kill. A lone Ki-27 is easy prey for allied energy fighters. Like most Japanese fighters, engaging an enemy head-on is not recommended. If fighting an enemy "energy Fighter" head-on, a good strategy is to turn away (usually a slight turn as you'll want him to miss you, but also pass you), and hope that he turns to follow.

Like the comparable [[A5M4]], the Ki-27's carburettor engine suffers from fuel feed issues in negative G manoeuvres, like diving. Nosing down ''will'' cause the engine to choke out. Positive G manoeuvres like the Split-S are preferred. This issue will allow enemies to out dive the Ki-27, so engaging at low altitudes is preferred.

Additionally, the Ki-27 runs hot and will overheat at 100% throttle on all but the coldest maps. To cool off, ease the throttle back to 40% or 50% and, if possible, try to gain altitude. If the engine overheats during a dog fight, try to break off if the opportunity presents itself. No pilot can outmanoeuvre on an overheated engine.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 3,500 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 476 || 465 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 10.2 || 10.6 || 8.5 || 8.5 || rowspan="2" | 180
|-
! Upgraded
| 517 || 495 || 9.8 || 10.0 || 18.6 || 12.8
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| X || X || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || 220 || ~10 || ~7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 350 || < 350 || < 350 || > 296
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)
|-
! colspan="3" | Setting 1
|-
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
| 3,300 m || 705 hp || 846 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The Ki-27 does not have any armour, so your great turn rate is the only real defence. The fuel tanks aren't self-sealing either, which only strengthens the need to use your great turn rate. There is one fuel tank above and behind the oil cooling system; the rest are in the wings, with 2 in each wing.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

At this rank, the order of research is mainly personal preference, though the Ki-27 Otsu will benefit significantly from defensive and performance enhancing modifications.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|Type 89 (7.7 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 7.7 mm Type 89 machine guns, nose-mounted (500 rpg = 1,000 total)

== Usage in battles ==

A superior dogfighter for turn-fighting, the Ki-27 is the first plane to begin showing the features typical of the Japanese [[A6M2|"Zero"]] but with none of the bite. Its speed and manoeuvrability are plagued by engine problems, with no armour and a standard armament.

In battle, no Allied fighter can out-turn you, except for biplanes, but most will outgun you (and even most biplanes match the Ki-27 in armament).

Biplanes make easy prey for the Ki-27, and it can easily outmanoeuvre the [[P-36C|P-36 Hawk]], the [[F2A-1|F2A Brewster Buffalo]] and the [[I-16 type 24|I-16 Ishak]], but their stronger armaments will knock out a Ki-27 in a single good burst. Simply outrunning any of them is an excellent evasive manoeuvre. [[Hurricane Mk I/L|Hurricane Mk I]]s can strictly compete with the Ki-27 Otsu in manoeuvrability, but the Hurricane's heavier armament (four times that of the Ki-27) can also quickly shred a Ki-27. Additionally, outrunning a Hurricane in a Ki-27 is not possible. [[I-15bis|I-15]]s, which the Ki-27 historically outperformed, will be the bane of a Ki-27s existence, as their excellent turn ability will force it into energy bleeding manoeuvres or Boom & Zoom style combat. Risky with competition around to abuse either state.

Despite its low battle rating, you can face some challenging foes when flying the Ki-27. Bi-planes will give you a run for your money in terms of manoeuvrability, while some early mono-planes will be faster and more heavily armed than you. Therefore, it is important to judge your foes accordingly.

One of the most challenging opponents is the ''[[I-153 M-62|I-153 Chaika]]''. It is not a mere upgraded [[I-15bis]], but in all performance aspects ''equal'' to the Nakajima Ki-27 fighter. Also on the Russian side, the Mig-3 is a significant threat. It is one of the fastest aircraft in its battle rating and has decent armament. In skilled hands, it can be an almost impossible opponent to combat, especially when using Boom & Zoom tactics against you. Your only defence will be to try and outmanoeuvre it or to lure it into a turn fight. The I-16 is also a familiar opponent.

From America, you will face the [[P-26A-33|P-26]]. They are quite good divers and have a decent roll rate, but will not be able to outmanoeuvre you in a turn fight. The [[P-36A|P-36]] is more challenging. Faster and well armed, you will have to rely on your turn rate to try and outmanoeuvre them.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Great manoeuvrability, on par with biplanes
* Good stability in turns
* Good speed, for its tier
* Excellent climb, can reach above 20 m/s

'''Cons:'''

* Limited firepower
* Engine overheats rapidly on hot maps
* Engine chokes in negative G dives
* No armour

== History ==

The Nakajima Ki-27 otsu began as the Ki-11, a competitor for the [[Ki-10-I|Kawasaki Ki-10]] biplane. While faster and more modern than the Ki-10 biplane, the Ki-11 wasn't adopted because the Imperial Japanese Army valued manoeuvrability over speed. Nakajima continued development of the design before finalising the Ki-12, a modern monoplane with a liquid-cooled engine and retractable landing gear, but the Army denied it outright as too maintenance heavy for forward airbases in Manchuria and China. The redesigned plane instead featured a radial air-cooled engine, fixed landing gear and fully enclosed cockpit and received the designation Ki-27.

In 1936, the Ki-27 competed against the Kawasaki Ki-28 (a prototype design fated to never enter production) and the Mitsubishi Ki-33 (a de-navalised [[A5M4|A5M]]). While the Ki-33 outperformed the Ki-27 in most regards, the Imperial Japanese Army was loath to adopt a "navy fighter", and approved the Ki-27 with minor modifications. The Ki-27 entered service as the Army Type 97 Fighter.

While the Ki-10 would not be finally phased out from front line service until 1942, by 1940, the Ki-27 was the primary army fighter on the front lines. It was unmatched by any plane in the Chinese air force inventory, and outperformed the Soviet [[I-15bis|I-15]] and [[I-16 type 18|I-16]] fighters in the Battles of Khalkhin Gol, with some pilots scoring 11 kills against Soviet planes in a single day. Against Chinese Curtiss [[P-36A|P-36 Hawks]], veteran Ki-27 pilots achieved similar, but not as impressive kill rates.

Over China, the Ki-27 was unmatched until the deployment of the [[P-40E-1|P-40 Warhawks]] with the American Volunteer Group. After America's entry into the war, the Ki-27 also fared poorly against the US Navy's F2A Brewster Buffalo and F4F Wildcat and was removed from most front line service within the first months of the war, replaced by the much-improved Ki-43. However, it remained a front line fighter in Thai service, where the Ki-27 scored recorded kills against [[P-51D-30|P-51]]s and at least one [[P-38G-1|P-38]].

Because of their high production numbers and relatively few losses, Ki-27 would see a renewed role late in the war as Kamikaze planes.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/202077-nakajima-ki-27-otsu/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[wikipedia:Nakajima_Ki-27|[Wikipedia] Nakajima Ki-27]]

{{AirManufacturer Nakajima}}
{{Japan fighters}}

Yak-38M

2021-02-08T18:10:12Z

U108381718: Grammatical error

{{About
| about = Russian naval jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the premium version
| link = Yak-38
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=yak-38m
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "New Power"]]. Like the Harrier, it is an aircraft with a VTOL capability. The {{PAGENAME}} is externally almost identical to the Yak-38 and the few differences are difficult to identify in combat, aside from the plane's stock livery. These features are the tail boom (long and coloured in red for the 38M while short for the 38) and the forward Pitot tube (striped for the 38M and unicolour for the 38).

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 1,190 || 1,186 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 39.6 || 40.7 || 87.3 || 78.7 || rowspan="2" | 520
|-
! Upgraded
|1,205||1,197||36.9||38.1||124.5||102.4
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || ✓ 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || 650 || 500 || ~11 || ~5
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 650 || < 850 || < 920 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | {{Annotation|Basic Mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load (NOTE: the Yak-38M's gunpods and removable internal cannon are not counted)}} || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | Tumansky R-28V-300 (main) || 1
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | 7,240 kg || colspan="2" rowspan="2" | 502 kg/m2
|-
| colspan="2" | RD-38 (lift jets) || 2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 7m fuel || 20m fuel || 23m fuel
|-
| 1,420 kg (main) || colspan="2" | Vectored-thrust low-bypass turbofan
| rowspan="2" | 8,077 kg || rowspan="2" | 9,631 kg || rowspan="2" | 9,960 kg || rowspan="2" | 10,300 kg
|-
| 210 kg (lift jet)|| colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum main engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio in forward flight @ 0 m (100%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || WEP
! 7m fuel || 20m fuel || 23m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 7,120 kgf || N/A
| 0.88 || 0.74 || 0.71 || 0.69
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 7,120 kgf (0 km/h) || N/A
| 0.88 || 0.74 || 0.71 || 0.69
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum lift engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio in VTOL (all 3 engines) @ 0 m (100%)
|-
| ''Stationary'' || {{Annotation|3,230 kgf|13,580 kg total thrust in VTOL (split over 3 engines)}}|| N/A
| 1.68 || 1.41 || 1.36 || 1.31
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}

The Yak-38 has no armour. It is a fairly large target with the entire fuselage being taken up with engines and fuel tanks.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|GSh-23L (23 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* A choice between two presets:
** Without offensive armament
** 1 x 23 mm GSh-23L cannon, mounted under fuselage (160 rpg)

=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|OFAB-100 (100 kg)|OFAB-250sv (250 kg)|FAB-500M-54 (500 kg)|Kh-23M|R-60}}
{{main|S-5KP|S-8M|S-24B|GSh-23L (23 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 2 x 23 mm GSh-23L cannons (250 rpg = 500 total)
* 4 x 23 mm GSh-23L cannons (250 rpg = 1,000 total)
* 10 x 100 kg OFAB-100 bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 2 x 250 kg OFAB-250sv bombs (500 kg total)
* 4 x 250 kg OFAB-250sv bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg FAB-500M-54 bombs (1,000 kg total)
* 2 x 500 kg FAB-500M-54 bombs + 2 x 250 kg OFAB-250sv bombs (1,500 kg total)
* 64 x S-5KP rockets
* 64 x S-5KP rockets
* 96 x S-5KP rockets
* 40 x S-8M rockets
* 2 x S-24B rockets
* 4 x S-24B rockets
* 32 x S-5KP rockets + 2 x S-24B rockets
* 2 x R-60 missiles
* 2 x 23 mm GSh-23L cannons (250 rpg = 500 total) + 2 x R-60 missiles
* 2 x R-60 missiles + 2 x 100 kg OFAB-100 bombs (200 kg total)
* 2 x R-60 missiles + 2 x 250 kg OFAB-250sv bombs (500 kg total)
* 2 x R-60 missiles + 32 x S-5KP rockets
* 2 x R-60 missiles + 64 x S-5KP rockets
* 2 x R-60 missiles + 2 x S-24B rockets
* 2 x Kh-23M missiles

== Usage in battles ==

The Yak-38 is not very fast (you can reach Mach 1 in a slight dive when carrying minimum loadout) and not very nimble (bad energy retention in tight turns) so you'll lose many engagements with dedicated boom and zoom and dogfight optimised aircraft. What really makes this plane shine is the customizable loadout as well as its amazing rate of climb (101.2 m/s when spaded) and acceleration.

Due to your low speed it is wise to avoid high altitude combat as you'll be pitted against supersonic interceptors at this BR. Try to stay low and either ground pound or destroy enemy attackers. Doing this your main opponents are F-86 and Harrier variants. Both of which will out-turn you in a dog fight.

You have two options for dogfighting aircraft:

Use your climb rate to get into an advantageous position. You can out-climb almost all aircraft of your battle rating. And as long as you stay at lower altitudes you'll most likely be able to avoid those aircraft that can out-climb you.

Switch to hover mode. The Yak's hover mode can only be engaged at speeds below 450 km/h so you have to plan ahead a bit or react really fast once you slow down enough. Your goal here should be to get into the center of the enemies turning circle. When executed correctly it is impossible for the enemy to get their aim on you, while you are still perfectly able to fire at them. And if they disengage they set themselves up for you to lock on with AAMs. But be aware that engaging hover mode will make you an easy target for other aircraft that are not part of the dogfight so it's best used in 1 on 1 situations.

'''Air to Air'''

The Yak-38M has several air to air options for its loadout. You can also set one additional 23mm gun-pod as offensive weapon in your modifications menu. Keep in mind that gun pods add a substantial amount of drag and heavily impact your climb and turn rate and are not dropped after expending their ammo.

All combinations of gun-pods, R-60 and S-24B are viable but emphasize on different ways to approach enemy aircraft.

- Central gun-pod + R-60 keeps your drag quite low and still leaves you with a main gun after firing both missiles.

- Everything from two gun-pods (2x pods or central pod + 2x pods) up creates a high volume of fire and makes the Yak-38M deadly in head-on approaches. This can be combined with R-60 for taking out faster planes.

- 4 pods (5 with central pod) give an incredible burst mass of over 40 kg/s and will shred everything in a head-on approach. In many cases this will be overkill though. The pods can't be fired independently and trigger discipline is required to not run out of ammo too fast. Also there is no R-60 in this config.

- 2x R-60 + 2x S-24B (+ central pod) opens up the possibility to make snapshots on passing enemies with very deadly anti-bunker rockets. With a bit of practise and setting a detonation distance you are comfortable with the S-24B can be used to reliably take out every plane in its large burst radius. Can also be used in head-on approaches but in contrast to adding more gun-pods they won't create any drag after you have fired them.

'''Air to Ground'''

You have access to a ballistics computer for your rockets and guns. A ballistics computer is not available for bombs.

As with the Su-7 it gives you firing solutions for your guns on ground and missiles on ground.

The loadout you should choose depends heavily on whether you are playing Air RB or Ground RB. For Air RB gun-pods and rocket-pods are most useful to take out groups of smaller ground targets like vehicles, light tanks, howitzers, etc.

The available bomb loadout is not sufficient to be threatening to enemy bases in any way, so it is recommended to not attempt to bomb enemy bases.

For Ground RB the Kh-23M gives you access to two beam riding ATGMs with an TNT equivalent of almost 100kg. As with all beam riding missiles you will be an easy target while keeping your nose pointed at the enemy. As you will face SPAAs equipped with SAMs at this BR, taking 2x 500 kg bombs might be more useful depending on the situation and composition of the enemy team.

=== Pros and cons ===
'''Pros:'''

* VTOL capabilities
* Very high rate of climb
* Numerous payload options
* Offensive 23mm cannons have a very high fire rate
* Split elevator

'''Cons:'''

* Subsonic
* Boom and zoom only playstyle
* Offensive 23mm cannon has low ammo for its fire rate, trigger discipline is required
* Offensive 23mm belts is a Tier III modification

== History ==

=== [[wt:en/news/6942-development-yak-38-yak-38m-hover-jet-en|Devblog]] ===
Although Soviet engineers were experimenting with VTOL fixed wing aircraft design since the early 1960's, it wasn't until December 1967 before a formal order to develop a light VTOL strike aircraft as well as a corresponding trainer version was issued. As a result, engineers at the Yakovlev design bureau began work on the new aircraft in the late 1960's, basing their design on experience gained from developing the preceding Yak-36 - an early VTOL demonstration design.

The new aircraft, designated Yak-36M, was being developed for immediate frontline service, operating both from land bases as well as aircraft-carrying ships. The aircraft's primary role was that of a strike aircraft, engaging ground and surface targets while also being suited to intercept enemy aircraft and helicopters if necessary.

Not too long after work on the project began, the first prototype saw completion and conducted its maiden flight in December 1970. Subsequent prototypes and trials continued testing the aircraft's performance, particularly its novel VTOL capabilities. By 1973, the aircraft was considered ready and serial production commenced.

After some further testing and crew training, the aircraft officially entered service with the Soviet Navy in August 1977, receiving the designation Yak-38. By 1982, over 140 Yak-38's were built, all of which served aboard the then new Kiev-class aircraft carriers. In the mid 1980's, the modernized Yak-38M version came into service, most prominently featuring more powerful engines as well as other improvements. About 50 Yak-38M's were built before the type was ultimately decommissioned in 1991.

=== Further development ===
The Yak-38M was seen as a stepping stone to a better VTOL aircraft by the Yakovlev Design Bureau. A large part of the Yak-38M design would end up in the Yak-41M which instead of having 2 nozzles, would instead pivot a much larger single engine exhaust while still retaining the 2 lift engines at the front, and unlike the Yak-38M it was supersonic capable. In the Western world it was known as the Yak-141 while inside the Soviet military it was the Yak-41M. When the Cold War ended and funding for the project was cut Yakovlev looked for other companies that would like to enter a partnership. In 1991 Yakovlev would enter a partnership with Lockheed-Martin and due to this relationship officially change the designation of the 2 flying prototypes to Yak-141. Lockheed-Martin would end up using the experience they gained from this on their X-35 plane which would end up being the F-35 family of planes, the F-35B is the one that has the general engine layout of the Yak-141.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=ussr&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=jet_fighter&vehicle=yak-38m Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Images
<gallery mode="packed" caption="Yak-38M Devblog Images" heights="200">
File:Yak-38M WTWallpaper 001.jpg|
File:Yak-38M WTWallpaper 002.jpg|
File:Yak-38M WTWallpaper 003.jpg|
File:Yak-38M WTWallpaper 004.jpg|
</gallery>

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|1yFd8lx7vQI|'''Yakovlev Yak-38 Soviet Naval Aviation''' - ''yolkhere''}}

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[Yak-38]]

;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* [[Harrier (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/6942-development-yak-38-yak-38m-hover-jet-en|[Development] Yak-38 & Yak-38M: Hover Jet]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/504154-yak-38m/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]
* [[wikipedia:Yakovlev_Yak-38|[Wikipedia] Yakovlev Yak-38]]
* [http://www.airvectors.net/avredvt.html <nowiki>[Air Vectors]</nowiki> Soviet Jet VTOL: Yak-36, Yak-38, & Yak-41]

{{USSR jet aircraft}}

N.C.223.3

2021-02-08T14:57:00Z

U108381718: Grammatical changes.

{{Specs-Card
|code=nc_223_3
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} French bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.73 "Vive la France"]].

The N.C.223.3, as a derivative of the Farman F.220 plane model, looks strikingly similar to the [[F.222.2]] bomber, yet different as well. The biggest difference is the twin rudder on the tail that helps improve stability and yaw control. The plane's overall design was also made more aerodynamic as part of the improvement, the nose section is made a tad shorter, and the plane uses Hispano-Suiza 12Y-29 engines rather than the previous Gnome Rhone model. Defensive armaments were also improved with two Hispano cannons as the rear ventral and dorsal turret armament.

The N.C.223.3 is made distinctive with its push-pull engine configuration, stacking the engine on each side in tandem for the effect where the forward engine "pulls" the plane while the rear engine "pushes" the plane. This lowered the amount of engines having to protrude from the wing, while keeping the engine centreline so that one failed engine in a side will not prevent the other from providing a similar thrust force.

In the default camouflage scheme, the N.C.223.3 is coated in the French standard aircraft tri-color camouflage, which consisted of ''Vert'' (Green), ''Brun Mat'' (Matt brown), and ''Gris Bleu foncé'' (Dark blue gray). The underside of the aircraft was painted in ''Gris Bleu Clair'' (Light blue gray). The French roundel is present twice on the left side, one on the N.C.223.3 fuselage and one on top of the wing. Final note of appearance is the French national tri-colour markings on the tail plane and rudder.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 4,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (meters/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 383 || 369 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 29.8 || 30.4 || 4.4 || 4.4 || rowspan="2" | 520
|-
! Upgraded
| 417 || 400 || 28.3 || 29.0 || 9.0 || 6.4
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
|{{Specs|1=destruction|2=body}}||{{Specs|1=destruction|2=gear}} || 520 || 520 || 260 || ~4 || ~3
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 250 || < 250 || < 300 || > 340
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Compressor
! Optimal altitude
! 100% Engine power
! WEP Engine power
|-
! Setting 1
| 3,400 m || 910 hp || 1,022 hp
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armor ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


No armor

* Self-sealing fuel tanks (4 in each wing)

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Suspended armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}

{{main|G.A. MMN. 50 (50 kg)|No.1 (100 kg)|No.1 (200 kg)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

* 52 x 50 kg G.A. MMN. 50 bombs (2,600 kg total)
* 5 x 200 kg No.1 bombs + 7 x 100 kg No.1 bombs (1,700 kg total)
* 15 x 200 kg No.1 bombs + 12 x 100 kg No.1 bombs (4,200 kg total)

=== Defensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}

{{main|Hispano 404 (20 mm)|MAC 1934 (7.5 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:

* 1 x 20 mm Hispano 404 cannon, dorsal turret (240 rpg)
* 1 x 20 mm Hispano 404 cannon, ventral turret (240 rpg)
* 1 x 7.5 mm MAC 1934 machine gun, nose turret (1,000 rpg)

== Usage in battles ==

Like its predecessor, the [[F.222.2]], the N.C.223.3 is a heavy hitting bomber with okay maneouvrability at low altitude and low air speed, and can carry a staggering 52 x 50 kg bombs. Combined with its frequent presence in Ground Strike matches with only light vehicles, it will make short work of any (or even all) groups of armored cars and AAA it crosses paths with. However, the ability to carry larger bomb loads later in its upgrade tree turns it into an exceptionally capable base killer, often time wiping out bases solo. As of update 1.97, 5 of the 200 kg No.1 bombs can destroy a base, so with the upgraded bombload you should be able to easily destroy 3 bases, and keep all 12 100kg No.1 Bombs for the enemy airfield, or to destroy the fourth base in some maps . However, it is still capable of turning entire columns of medium tanks to flaming scrap if escorted in higher level battles, with Hispano gun turrets available if an enemy tries to attack the plane.

=== Manual Engine Control ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7" | MEC elements
|-
! rowspan="2" | Mixer
! rowspan="2" | Pitch
! colspan="3" | Radiator
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger
|-
! Oil !! Water !! Type
|-
| Not controllable || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Controllable Not auto controlled || Separate || Not controllable 1 gear || Not controllable
|-
|}

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Strong defensive firepower
* Currently has the largest payload available from any other Rank I bomber, rivalling even Rank III and IV heavy bombers
* Engines away from the wing-fuselage
* Addition of takeoff flaps make taking off from an airfield easier than in the F.222
* Durable
* Has two pilots
* Somehow fast, despite its size
* Internal payload doesn't really affect its performance except for its rate of climb
* Can potentially win games by outright destroying the airfields when played in groups
* Large wings but are not littered with fuel tanks
* Default payload of 52 x 50 kg bombs makes short work of artillery, light tanks, armored cars and trucks crucial to many games this bomber finds itself in
* Spawn at a very high altitude making it almost impossible for planes to get up to it before it drops the bombs

'''Cons:'''

* Low maneuverability at high speeds
* Massive target
* Poor acceleration
* Weak from the front
* 20 mm turrets don't carry a lot of ammo and have a very long reload
* No armor protection
* Roll rate starts stiffening at ~320 km/h
* Tail design creates blind spots for gunners
* You need to invest a large amount of crew points to be effective in the N.C.223.3, especially the gunners and reload time
* Being a Rank I, it has a 0.3 multiplier for SL rewards, so you will find yourself in a hard time earning SL with the N.C.223.3, despite it being able to earn a lot of it by base bombing

== History ==

Farman Aviation Works began working on the F.220 bomber design in 1925. This aircraft was based on a successful earlier design of the F.211 which was a parasol wing, four-engine monoplane utilizing tractor and pusher engines. While the F.211 never entered production, it served as a base for the F.220 to be designed and built from. The first successful flight of the F.220 happened on 26 May 1932.

The F.220 was a success in of itself, however, Farman made several modifications to improve the design which included a new vertical stabilizer, rebuilding the nose and ventral turret to fully enclose them and upgrading the old V-engines to new radial versions. After these modifications, the new version of the F.220 made its maiden flight in 1933.

In 1936, another variant, the F.222 first flew and this bomber incorporated retractable landing gear which reduced drag and was not available on earlier versions. A total of twenty-four aircraft of this version where produced and began service in Armee de I’Air in 1937 and was tasked with performing night bombings raids over Germany in May and June of 1940.

The F.222.2 bomber which is featured in the game had a redesigned nose and changed out the engines from Gnome-Rhône 14Kdrs engines to Gnome-Rhône 14N-11 engines.

The later F.223 which came after the F.222 saw significant changes, not only to name as it became NC.223 after Farman was absorbed into Société Nationale de Constructions Aéronautiques du Centre (SNCAC) which was the nationalization of both Farman Aviation Works and Hanriot in 1936. The aircraft’s tail section was reworked and went from a single vertical stabilizer to a twin-stabilizer setup and the fuselage was refined to be more aerodynamic. Another upgrade came in the form of changes to the ventral and dorsal turret weapons. The Mle 33 7.5 mm machine guns were replaced with the more powerful H.S. 404 20 mm autocannons.

On 7 June 1940, a variant (NC 223.4) of the French Naval Aviation was the first allied bomber to fly into Germany and bomb Berlin, the flight dropped eight 250 kg and 80 x 10 kg bombs on Germany’s capital. While the ordinance was not much, the psychological impact was the goal and the raid was reproduced three days later. NC 223 bombers continued to serve in bombing roles until June 1940 when they were transferred to North Africa to fulfill the role of transport aircraft.

The one in-game was a bomber version with different, weaker engines than the original NC. 223 (910 hp Hispano-Suiza 12Y-29 engines instead of the 1,100 hp engines on the NC. 223). 8 of them were built.

== Media ==

{{Youtube-gallery|N-EazLEFaFg|'''The Shooting Range #71''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:33 discusses the N.C.223.3.|J9nUjFDdk-E|'''The Shooting Range #131''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 05:23 discusses the N.C.223.3.}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/5095-development-nc-223-3-let-nobody-leave-unsatisfied-en|[Devblog] NC.223.3: let nobody leave unsatisfied!]]
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/385686-nc-2233/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Farman}}
{{France bombers}}

He 162 A-1

2021-01-31T13:01:50Z

U108381718: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = gift German jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the regular version
| link = He 162 A-2
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=he-162a-1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=He 162 A-1
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} German jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was first announced in Update 1.59 "Flaming Arrows" as a possible event vehicle but was not available to all players until the 2017 War Thunder 5th year anniversary in [[Update 1.73 "Vive la France"]]. The requirement to win the He 162 A-1 was to be in the top 8 in the 1 vs 1 Victory Tournaments or 5 vs 5 Victory Tournaments.

The He 162 A-1 is a unique jet design in the game, most notable for its top-mounted jet engine, a consequence of its development as an easily produced jet fighter for the Luftwaffe's Emergency Fighter Program. The program also called for the materials used in the design to be of wood rather than metal.

Still, the He 162 A-1 profile is tiny and stream-lined for a jet fighter. The wing span is relatively short, leading to the small target profile the He 162 presents. On the edges of the wings have drooping tips that were meant to stabilize the aircraft. A standard tricycle landing gear is used in the design.

The coloration in the design takes a two-tone colour scheme with brown and green on the top, with white camouflage for the underbelly. A good portion of the aircraft is green, but the brown scheme covers the engine, right wing, and right tailplane.

Two 30 mm Mk 108 cannons are mounted on the He 162 A-1, presenting great anti-bomber power in an intercepting role but with minimum ammunition. The recoil force is also substantial, causing the nose to dip and slowing down the aircraft when firing (full ammo dump can slow down the vehicle by 90 km/h). These reasons are also why the 20 mm MG 151/20 was considered in the [[He 162 A-2|fighter variant]].

When taking off in this plane, make sure its a shallow angle take off as any climb angle while taking off at 5 degrees or more will damage the tail and snap the control cable.

The He 162 A-1 is perhaps best played in a Boom-and-Zoom style game play, taking the altitude advantage and diving down on targets on a predictable path to lay waste with the 30 mm Mk 108 cannons. Though the He 162 A-1 has an adequate climb rate for this job, the He 162 A-1 suffers with a rather poor top speed, poor turn rates, a tendency to bleed off speed quickly in turns, and terrible acceleration, especially when compared to other jets.

To make the most out of the air speed, it is recommended to ascend and when the speed drops, dive a few hundred meters to regain speed and then use that to continue climbing upwards.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 801 || 776 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.4 || 32.3 || 19.1 || 18.1 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| 875 || 840 || 28.8 || 30.0 || 28.2 || 23.4
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 700 || 700 || 500 || ~12 || ~7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 500 || < 580 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | Empty mass || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | BMW 003 || 1
| colspan="2" | 1,877 kg || colspan="2" | 205 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 7m fuel || 20m fuel || 23m fuel
|-
| 673 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 2,044 kg || 2,313 kg || 2,375 kg || 2,495 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (108%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || 108%
! 7m fuel || 20m fuel || 23m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 801 kgf || 910 kgf
| 0.46 || 0.39 || 0.38 || 0.36
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 801 kgf (0 km/h) || 910 kgf (0 km/h)
| 0.46 || 0.39 || 0.38 || 0.36
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 15 mm of steel behind the pilot's seat.
* No armour glazing

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Focus on upgrading the plane's performance. The better the performance, the better plane will perform. The gun/belts upgrade should be saved for last as the default belts are adequate for air to air combat.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MK 108 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 30 mm MK 108 cannons, chin-mounted (50 rpg = 100 total)

The two 30 mm cannons are cheek mounted at the front of the aircraft. Both are armed with the same amount of ammunition, which means that both guns will fire with each other until empty.

== Usage in battles ==

'''Bomber-hunting''' 
The He 162 A-1 with its 30 mm cannons should be played in a bomber-hunting role as intended in its historical onset. This also plays into the power and flaws of the 30 mm as a bomber's larger profile and lesser mobility can allow for more 30 mm shells to hit with a pass.

Of course, this requires to get an altitude advantage, and there are several bombers that will straight-up climb up to altitudes faster than the He 162, like the B-29 ''Superfortress''. However, if able to get the jump on them via side-climbing or they are flying low, they will be prime targets.

Climb up to an altitude above the bomber, then proceed a descent in a Boom-and-Zoom style from the top. Once within range, optimally around 600 metres, fire a burst into the bomber's path. A good burst should instantly decimate the bomber. If the first pass did not destroy the bomber, it is recommended to use the diving speed to climb up and regain the altitude advantage. Try not to climb too steep an angle else more speed would be bled off than needed. Repeat the process on any large flying aircraft for tallies.

'''Fighters''' 
The 30 mm are also very effective against fighters as one or two hits would tear the fighters apart with their impacts. However, the 30 mm suffers from low velocity and inaccuracy so distance would have to be close in to make hits. As such, it is not recommended to fire at targets past 600 metres, even if the indicator appears in arcade mode as the 30 mm accuracy would dip drastically enough that the aim indicator wouldn't help.

Manoeuvring with the He 162 A-1 is complicated as a jet fighter and as such a Boom-and-Zoom strategy like for bombers should be taken up as the main method of attack for the He 162. Attack unsuspecting fighters or those flying predictably when diving. Once in sights, the 30 mm should be fired in quick bursts, less than a second, as the low ammunition capacity leaves little to be wasted.

Going head-on with fighters is a viable tactic however due to the nose-mounted 30 mm firing straight forwards. The inaccuracy of the 30 mm can help and hinder at the same time. It helps in that it can act as a "shotgun" when spraying a burst when closing in, allowing the enemy to fly into a wide volley of fire and disintegrate. It hinders in that accuracy is lower, so a simple burst of rounds can't be relied on to hit the target, fire a longer volley then usual to saturate the front so either the enemy flies into it or is forced to turn away.

When conducting manoeuvres with the He 162 A-1, one manoeuvre to take caution with is the [[wikipedia:Immelmann_turn|Immelmann turn]]. The He 162 bleeds speed quickly when climbing at a steep angle and the boosting upwards for the movement would remove most of the energy in the He 162, and if not sufficiently fast enough can even leave the He 162 stalling in mid-air, open to any enemy fighters to take advantage and snipe it down. It is recommended to not perform this manoeuvre unless going more than 400 km/h.

====Specific enemies worth noting====

Any plane with an altitude and energy advantage over the He 162 A-1 while it is climbing or stalling in the air is a dangerous plane. Especially watch out for other jets that have better climbing ability and speed than the He 162 A-1.

While bombers are not inherently dangerous, do not linger behind some of more heavily armed ones like the B-29 ''Superfortress'' as they will cut up the He 162. When attacking, always try to go in Boom & Zoom style to minimize exposure to the enemy gunners.

====Counter-tactics====

Forcing the He 162 into a steep climb is a good way to deal with a He 162 on the tail due to its tendency to bleed off a lot of energy and speed when going straight up. Either way, an energy advantage can be obtained against the He 162 to get on its tail, which due to its poor acceleration would be unable to quickly boost away from its predicament. Beware that the He 162 in this situation may try to bleed off more speed and roll to force an overshoot, which it could then recover with a reversal by peppering the plane with devastating 30 mm shells.

Another opportunity to attack the He 162 A-1 is when it is out of ammunition. The 30 mm Mk 108 load is rather small, only 50 rounds per gun. A He 162 A-1 in prolonged combat will most likely be running low or out of ammunition, the latter can be found if they are attempting to break off any engagement and trying to zoom away from the battlefield. Though they could still perform evasive manoeuvre, the lack of ammunition will prevent them from taking any offensive action against an incoming plane ready to riddle them with shell holes.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 30 mm Mk 108 Minengeschoß will do a lot of damage to any plane it hits (either crippling or destroying the plane it hits).
* No worries about different ammunition belt except for special purpose. All carry HEI-T/I shell load, with specialized rounds in HEI-T/HEI-T/HEI-T/I composition with different tracers for night and stealth.
* Small target, tiny profile and short wingspan.
* Does not have war emergency power, however, the throttle can push past 100% (up to 108%)
* Accelerates quickly in a dive.
* Excellent roll rate in AB, okay in RB.
* Cockpit has good forward visibility.

'''Cons:'''

* Limited ammunition capacity for the 30 mm Mk 108 cannons.
* 30 mm loses accuracy past 600 metres.
* Poor top speed for a jet.
* No air brakes.
* Shallow climb angle when taking off.
* Climbing upwards past an angle will bleed speed quickly, especially when going straight up.
* Poor turn rate.
* Terrible acceleration.
* Poor rear view visibility due to jet engine mount.
* Top mounted engine easily damaged from enemy shots coming from above or from overshooting the fuselage body.
* Long take off distance (not easy to take off in maps with short runways)
* Ammunition belts not suited for ground attack as there is no AP rounds in the ammunition belts.
* Engine and oil will quickly overheat at 620 C° when using 108% throttle at low altitude in RB, with oil continuing to overheat past 2 km.

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

==Obtainable events==

* The He 162 A-1 was available to be obtained in [[wt:en/news/5081-esport-victory-tournament-series-celebrating-war-thunder-s-5-year-anniversary-en|War Thunder's 5th Anniversary tournaments]]. To earn it, a player must be in the top 8 in the 1 vs 1 Victory Tournaments or 5 vs 5 Victory Tournaments.

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/320879-heinkel-he-162-a-2/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Heinkel}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

He 162 A-1

2021-01-31T12:58:03Z

U108381718: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = gift German jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = the regular version
| link = He 162 A-2
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=he-162a-1
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
|market=He 162 A-1
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} German jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was first announced in Update 1.59 "Flaming Arrows" as a possible event vehicle but was not available to all players until the 2017 War Thunder 5th year anniversary in [[Update 1.73 "Vive la France"]]. The requirement to win the He 162 A-1 was to be in the top 8 in the 1 vs 1 Victory Tournaments or 5 vs 5 Victory Tournaments.

The He 162 A-1 is a unique jet design in the game, most notable for its top-mounted jet engine, a consequence of its development as an easily produced jet fighter for the Luftwaffe's Emergency Fighter Program. The program also called for the materials used in the design to be of wood rather than metal.

Still, the He 162 A-1 profile is tiny and stream-lined for a jet fighter. The wing span is relatively short, leading to the small target profile the He 162 presents. On the edges of the wings have drooping tips that were meant to stabilize the aircraft. A standard tricycle landing gear is used in the design.

The coloration in the design takes a two-tone colour scheme with brown and green on the top, with white camouflage for the underbelly. A good portion of the aircraft is green, but the brown scheme covers the engine, right wing, and right tailplane.

Two 30 mm Mk 108 cannons are mounted on the He 162 A-1, presenting great anti-bomber power in an intercepting role but with minimum ammunition. The recoil force is also substantial, causing the nose to dip and slowing down the aircraft when firing (full ammo dump can slow down the vehicle by 90 km/h). These reasons are also why the 20 mm MG 151/20 was considered in the [[He 162 A-2|fighter variant]].

When taking off in this plane, make sure its a shallow angle take off as any climb angle while taking off at 5 degrees or more will damage the tail and snap the control cable.

The He 162 A-1 is perhaps best played in a Boom-and-Zoom style game play, taking the altitude advantage and diving down on targets on a predictable path to lay waste with the 30 mm Mk 108 cannons. Though the He 162 A-1 has an adequate climb rate for this job, the He 162 A-1 suffers with a rather poor top speed, poor turn rates, a tendency to bleed off speed quickly in turns, and terrible acceleration, especially when compared to other jets.

To make the most out of the air speed, it is recommended to ascend and when the speed drops, dive a few hundred meters to regain speed and then use that to continue climbing upwards.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 801 || 776 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.4 || 32.3 || 19.1 || 18.1 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| 875 || 840 || 28.8 || 30.0 || 28.2 || 23.4
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 700 || 700 || 500 || ~12 || ~7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 500 || < 580 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | Empty mass || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | BMW 003 || 1
| colspan="2" | 1,877 kg || colspan="2" | 205 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 7m fuel || 20m fuel || 23m fuel
|-
| 673 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 2,044 kg || 2,313 kg || 2,375 kg || 2,495 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (108%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || 108%
! 7m fuel || 20m fuel || 23m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 801 kgf || 910 kgf
| 0.46 || 0.39 || 0.38 || 0.36
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 801 kgf (0 km/h) || 910 kgf (0 km/h)
| 0.46 || 0.39 || 0.38 || 0.36
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 15 mm of steel behind the pilot's seat.
* No armour glazing

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

Focus on upgrading the plane's performance. The better the performance, the better plane will perform. The gun/belts upgrade should be saved for last as the default belts are adequate for air to air combat.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MK 108 (30 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 30 mm MK 108 cannons, chin-mounted (50 rpg = 100 total)

The two 30 mm cannons are cheek mounted at the front of the aircraft. Both are armed with the same amount of ammunition, which means that both guns will fire with each other until empty.

== Usage in battles ==

'''Bomber-hunting''' 
The He 162 A-1 with its 30 mm cannons should be played in a bomber-hunting role as intended in its historical onset. This also plays into the power and flaws of the 30 mm as a bomber's larger profile and lesser mobility can allow for more 30 mm shells to hit with a pass.

Of course, this requires to get an altitude advantage, and there are several bombers that will straight-up climb up to altitudes faster than the He 162, like the B-29 ''Superfortress''. However, if able to get the jump on them via side-climbing or they are flying low, they will be prime targets.

Climb up to an altitude above the bomber, then proceed a descent in a Boom-and-Zoom style from the top. Once within range, optimally around 600 metres, fire a burst into the bomber's path. A good burst should instantly decimate the bomber. If the first pass did not destroy the bomber, it is recommended to use the diving speed to climb up and regain the altitude advantage. Try not to climb too steep an angle else more speed would be bled off than needed. Repeat the process on any large flying aircraft for tallies.

'''Fighters''' 
The 30 mm are also very effective against fighters as one or two hits would tear the fighters apart with their impacts. However, the 30 mm suffers from low velocity and inaccuracy so distance would have to be close in to make hits. As such, it is not recommended to fire at targets past 600 metres, even if the indicator appears in arcade mode as the 30 mm accuracy would dip drastically enough that the aim indicator wouldn't help.

Manoeuvring with the He 162 A-1 is complicated as a jet fighter and as such a Boom-and-Zoom strategy like for bombers should be taken up as the main method of attack for the He 162. Attack unsuspecting fighters or those flying predictably when diving. Once in sights, the 30 mm should be fired in quick bursts, less than a second, as the low ammunition capacity leaves little to be wasted.

Going head-on with fighters is a viable tactic however due to the nose-mounted 30 mm firing straight forwards. The inaccuracy of the 30 mm can help and hinder at the same time. It helps in that it can act as a "shotgun" when spraying a burst when closing in, allowing the enemy to fly into a wide volley of fire and disintegrate. It hinders in that accuracy is lower, so a simple burst of rounds can't be relied on to hit the target, fire a longer volley then usual to saturate the front so either the enemy flies into it or is forced to turn away.

When conducting manoeuvres with the He 162 A-1, one manoeuvre to take caution with is the [[wikipedia:Immelmann_turn|Immelmann turn]]. The He 162 bleeds speed quickly when climbing at a steep angle and the boosting upwards for the movement would remove most of the energy in the He 162, and if not sufficiently fast enough can even leave the He 162 stalling in mid-air, open to any enemy fighters to take advantage and snipe it down. It is recommended to not perform this manoeuvre unless going more than 400 km/h.

====Specific enemies worth noting====

Any plane with an altitude and energy advantage over the He 162 A-1 while it is climbing or stalling in the air is a dangerous plane. Especially watch out for other jets that have better climbing ability and speed than the He 162 A-1.

While bombers are not inherently dangerous, do not linger behind some of more heavily armed ones like the B-29 ''Superfortress'' as they will cut up the He 162. When attacking, always try to go in Boom & Zoom style to minimize exposure to the enemy gunners.

====Counter-tactics====

Forcing the He 162 into a steep climb is a good way to deal with a He 162 on the tail due to its tendency to bleed off a lot of energy and speed when going straight up. Either way, an energy advantage can be obtained against the He 162 to get on its tail, which due to its poor acceleration would be unable to quickly boost away from its predicament. Beware that the He 162 in this situation may try to bleed off more speed and roll to force an overshoot, which it could then recover with a reversal by peppering the plane with devastating 30 mm shells.

Another opportunity to attack the He 162 A-1 is when it is out of ammunition. The 30 mm Mk 108 load is rather small, only 50 rounds per gun. A He 162 A-1 in prolonged combat will most likely be running low or out of ammunition, the latter can be found if they are attempting to break off any engagement and trying to zoom away from the battlefield. Though they could still perform evasive manoeuvre, the lack of ammunition will prevent them from taking any offensive action against an incoming plane ready to riddle them with shell holes.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* 30 mm Mk 108 Minengeschoß will do a lot of damage to any plane it hits (either crippling or destroying the plane it hits).
* No worries about different ammunition belt except for special purpose. All carry HEI-T/I shell load, with specialized rounds in HEI-T/HEI-T/HEI-T/I composition with different tracers for night and stealth.
* Small target, tiny profile and short wingspan.
* Does not have war emergency power, however, the throttle can push past 100%. (Up to 108%)
* Accelerates quickly in a dive.
* Excellent roll rate in AB, okay in RB.
* Good forward visibility.

'''Cons:'''

* Limited ammunition capacity for the 30 mm Mk 108 cannons
* 30 mm loses accuracy past 600 metres
* Poor top speed for a jet
* No air brakes
* Shallow climb angle when taking off
* Climbing upwards past an angle will bleed speed quickly, especially when going straight up
* Poor turn rate
* Terrible acceleration
* Poor rear view visibility due to jet engine mount
* Top mounted engine easily damaged from enemy shots coming from above or from overshooting the fuselage body
* Long take off distance (not easy to take off in maps with short runways)
* Ammunition belts not suited for ground attack as there is no AP rounds in the ammunition belts
* Engine and oil will quickly overheat at 620 C° when using WEP at low altitude in RB, with oil continuing to overheat past 2 km

== History ==
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

==Obtainable events==

* The He 162 A-1 was available to be obtained in [[wt:en/news/5081-esport-victory-tournament-series-celebrating-war-thunder-s-5-year-anniversary-en|War Thunder's 5th Anniversary tournaments]]. To earn it, a player must be in the top 8 in the 1 vs 1 Victory Tournaments or 5 vs 5 Victory Tournaments.

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/320879-heinkel-he-162-a-2/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Heinkel}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}

He 162 A-2

2021-01-31T12:49:38Z

U108381718: /* Usage in battles */

{{About
| about = German jet fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other version
| link = He 162 A-1
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=he-162a-2
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German jet fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.

== General info ==
=== Flight performance ===
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}

[[File:Cockpit He162.jpg|x150px|right|thumb|none|Cockpit of the He 162]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
! colspan="2" | Max Speed (km/h at 6,000 m)
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (metres)
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb (metres/second)
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (metres)
|-
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB
|-
! Stock
| 801 || 776 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.4 || 32.3 || 19.1 || 18.1 || rowspan="2" | 750
|-
! Upgraded
| 875 || 840 || 28.8 || 30.0 || 28.2 || 23.4
|-
|}

==== Details ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="6" | Features
|-
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute
|-
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X || X 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="7" | Limits
|-
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)
! colspan="2" | Max Static G
|-
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
|-
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 700 || 700 || 500 || ~12 || ~7
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)
|-
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator
|-
| < 500 || < 500 || < 580 || N/A
|-
|}

==== Engine performance ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine
! colspan="4" | Aircraft mass
|-
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number
! colspan="2" | Empty mass || colspan="2" | Wing loading (full fuel)
|-
| colspan="2" | BMW 003 || 1
| colspan="2" | 1,877 kg || colspan="2" | 205 kg/m2
|-
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics
! colspan="3" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff Weight
|-
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type
! 7m fuel || 20m fuel || 23m fuel
|-
| 673 kg || colspan="2" | Axial-flow turbojet
| 2,044 kg || 2,313 kg || 2,375 kg || 2,495 kg
|-
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}
! colspan="4" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (108%)
|-
! Condition || 100% || 108%
! 7m fuel || 20m fuel || 23m fuel || MTOW
|-
| ''Stationary'' || 801 kgf || 910 kgf
| 0.46 || 0.39 || 0.38 || 0.36
|-
| ''Optimal'' || 801 kgf (0 km/h) || 910 kgf (0 km/h)
| 0.46 || 0.39 || 0.38 || 0.36
|-
|}

=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}


* 15 mm steel - bulkhead behind cockpit
* Engine exposed on top of the fuselage
* Fuel tanks in fuselage and wings below the engine

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

"Offensive 20 mm", "Compressor", "Wings repair", then "Engine", is the recommended order of unlocking. Why? The stock MG 151 belts are bad as they lack the very powerful HE ''Minengeschosse''. Compressor and Engine are no-brainers. Everything that improves acceleration is a must for early jets. Wings repair is superior to new cannons, the stock MG 151 does not overheat and accuracy is acceptable in short bursts.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
=== Offensive armament ===
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}

{{main|MG 151 (20 mm)}}

The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:

* 2 x 20 mm MG 151 cannons, chin-mounted (120 rpg = 240 total)

The twin MG 151s are one of the weaker cannons equipped by the early Rank 5 jets. However, when compared to the 30 mm Mk. 108's found on other German jets, its cannons have acceptable muzzle velocity, though this will remain a problem. The ammo count is less than enough considering the speeds at which jet combat takes place.

== Usage in battles ==


This aircraft is best used exclusively for Boom & Zoom attacks and fighting at high altitudes (over 5 km).

It bleeds energy fast in dogfights against early jets, and when matched with propeller planes, dogfights become suicide. Head-ons may seem like a good idea due to the plane's small size and powerful 20 mm cannons, but keep in mind that most of the time you will be fighting American or British aircraft, which will often one-shot or severely damage you with their multiple sets of .50 cal's or Hispanos.

He 162 is an excellent bomber hunter, especially if you choose to fly with minimum (8 min) fuel and go to intercept bombers attacking your team's bases. Your 20 mm and small size will make you a deadly opponent, but keep in mind that most propeller bombers at this rank have great defensive armaments. When up-tiered with jets you will probably never see a bomber in-game.

When attempting to Boom & Zoom enemy fighters, it is vital that you climb at least 1 km above the enemy. Try climbing along the corners of the map, as if you go head-on you'll run into fighters without the energy you need to get away. Avoid sharp turns when diving and pulling up as you lose energy very fast in this aircraft. This becomes even more important when up-tiered, as enemy jets at higher battle-ratings have no problem catching up to you just long enough to destroy you.

The best place for He 162 is combined battles, where it has relatively low SP requirements and does not face a large group of enemy fighters. In this mode fly with a minimum tank load (8 min) as it's all you need and it gives you agility. Just as in air realistic, use Boom & Zoom to shoot down enemies ground attacking your team or unsuspecting enemy fighters.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Often faces propeller-powered aircraft
* Good climb rate for an early jet, even exceeding that of the F-80A
* Good acceleration for an early jet at speeds below 700 km/h
* Excellent shallow dive rate, can catch up even the MiG-9 and F-84B-26 in shallow dive
* Hard-hitting armament of two 20 mm MG 151/20 cannons that fires Minengeschoß shells
* Loses no energy in rudder turns still maintaining above acceptable turning radius
* Small wing surface area means difficult target to shoot down
* Will outturn nearly every early jet at 500 km/h excluding the Yak-15, Yak-17
* Very good visibility
* Does not have war emergency power, however, the throttle can push past 100% (up to 108% throttle)
* Good bomber hunter, especially if the bomber lacks defence armaments
* Can use its 108% throttle almost indefinitely above 6,000 m
* Great roll rate

'''Cons:'''

* Very fragile even for a jet, little damage can cause significant performance loss
* Not beginner-friendly, will need experience and practice to play efficiently
* Very significant speed loss when turning to dogfight enemies
* American counterparts of the same rank i.e. F-80A or F-84B-26, outmatch top-end acceleration and top speed
* Suitable only for energy fighting and Boom & Zoom, avoid dogfights at all costs, significant energy loss in rapid elevator turns
* Poor performance when stock
* Limited amount of ammunition, which means trigger discipline must be used
* Energy retention limited due to the high-speed engine performance and a lightweight airframe
* Easily out-turned by propeller-powered planes at lower speeds
* Setting throttle above 100% does not bring significant gain of power
* Little armour protecting the pilot, often gets pilot knocked-out
* Difficulty with take-off, struggles on some airfields
* Extended usage of the throttle over 100% burns out the jet engine (deteriorates quality of use until its own destruction)
* Engine mounted on top, vertical manoeuvre techniques need to account for the pitching-down moment of the engine thrust
* Engine easily overheats below 2,000 m

== History ==

Initially, this Heinkel fighter was designated He 500, but by October, in order to fool enemy intelligence services, the RLM redesignated the plane He 162; the number being previously assigned to a Messerschmitt fast bomber prototype that competed with the Ju 88. At the same time, the fighter was named the Salamander, which initially was the codename for the very same fast bomber design. The official name at the start of introduction was ''Volksjäger'' to emphasize the usage as ''every man's fighter'' similar to ''Volkswagen'' aka VW.

Overall 170 to 320 aircraft were produced, most of them A-2 variants. The previous A-1 were first fitted with Mk108, but these shocked the airframe too hard and were changed into the less recoil-heavy MG 151/20. An interesting feature is the dorsal mounted engine. It serves two purposes; first: Easier maintenance like with Me 262s underwing gondolas and second - and most importantly: The high installation greatly reduced foreign object damage - or FOD. Unpaved runways were common on all sides in WW2 and rocks and other debris were often sucked into the intake -- the main cause of engine failures in early jets.

Albeit named the Volksjäger, the jet was a dangerous vehicle for beginners. Short flight time and a high stall speed compared to the gliders most recruits trained on caused a high after-combat crash rate, especially on landing approaches. Pilots often failed to attain the recommended landing speed of 250 km/h (100 more than the Bf109) due either inexperience or lack of fuel. The high landing speed was the cause of even more deadly problems.

In the air, however, the aircraft was praised even by its foes. Allied pilots loved to take the captured He 162s into the air, praising its smooth flight and good controllability. The only downside was the weak rudder and weak in the literal meaning. RAF pilot, Flt Lt. R. A. Marks, despite being instructed not to use heavy rudder on high speed, performed a low-altitude, high-speed barrel roll during a demonstration. A fin and rudder assembly ripped out of its socket, the sudden loss of control and insufficient height resulted in a fatal crash.

Like the Me 262 Schwalbe, the Volksjäger proved to be too little too late.

=== In-game description ===
Initially this Heinkel fighter was designated He 500, but by October, in order to fool enemy intelligence services, the RLM redesignated the plane He 162; the number being previously assigned to a Messerschmitt fast bomber prototype that competed with the Ju 88. At the same time, the fighter was named the Salamander, which initially was the codename for the entire program.

== Media ==
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/320879-heinkel-he-162-a-2/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]

{{AirManufacturer Heinkel}}
{{Germany jet aircraft}}