War Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]

Strv 105

2024-11-07T00:04:09Z

U108167778: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=sw_strv_105
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was an upgraded version of the Strv 102R, with improved suspension for the tracks, thermal cameras, and new driver hatch. The Strv 105 was decided in the 1990s to complement FVM's procurement of acquiring new tanks for the Swedish armed forces. However, only one prototype was ever built, and the type never entered service due to Sweden acquiring [[Strv 121]] and the vehicle platform became obsolete.

Introduced in [[Update "Wind of Change"]], the Strv 105 is a clear upgrade over the [[Strv 104]] with a similar playstyle. The {{PAGENAME}} comes with thermals, better APFSDS rounds and slight better performance in mobility which is needed due to the {{PAGENAME}} facing more fearsome opponents compared to [[Strv 104]]. The {{PAGENAME}} is a vehicle that players should take great precaution in: being a Centurion, it's not the fastest or most manoeuvrable vehicle and can face some very dangerous opponents that can outperform it very heavily in terms of speed, manoeuvrability, and firepower. This makes the {{PAGENAME}} a better vehicle to support teammates or shoot from a distance where its ERA can protect it better against HEAT-FS and HESH rounds, though it is still very vulnerable to APFSDS rounds. However, it is not by any means a useless vehicle, facing similar opponents like the [[Sho't Kal Dalet]], and can still put up a fight against any opponent with its Slpprj m/90C round giving it a similar penetration performance to DM23.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The armour is very lacking to say the least. The only notable thing to say about its armour is that it can take hits from most autocannons and that from the front, the "Blazer" ERA enables this tank to survive against HEAT munitions. Also keep in mind that there is a large gap in the ERA on the right side of the turret face, as there are modules blocking the installation of ERA. But if hit in the turret from the front there is a high chance of survival unlike getting hit from the hull because of internal structural steel enabling rounds to create more fragments. If you're lucky, certain armor-piercing shots at your ERA won't penetrate, but don't push your luck on it since you're still completely outpaced by more better armored tanks like the [[Leopard 2A4]], [[M1 Abrams]], and [[T-72 (Family)]].

'''Armour type:'''

* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull)
* Cast homogeneous armour (turret)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 76 mm (55°) || 50.8 mm || 32 mm ''Top'' 19 mm ''Bottom'' || 29 - 10 mm
|-
| Turret || 89 mm ''Turret front'' 152 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 89 mm || 89 mm || 29 mm
|-
| Cupola || 152 mm || 90 mm || 90 mm || 29 mm
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable"
! Explosive reactive armour !! Front (Slope angle)
|-
| Hull ||'''Upper glacis:''' '''Blazer (60-66°):''' 5 mm ''Kinetic'' / 260 mm ''Chemical''
|-
| Turret ||'''Front:''' '''Blazer (51-73°):''' 5 mm ''Kinetic'' / 260 mm ''Chemical''
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels, tracks, and torsion bars are 20 mm thick.
* Several 17 mm thick internal RHA screens separate the driver and the exterior fuel tank from the crew compartment.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,395|rbMinHp=796}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|kan Strv 101 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[kan Strv 101 (105 mm)|105 mm kan Strv 101]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 48 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+15° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 19.0 || 26.4 || 32.0 || 35.4 || 37.6 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 11.9 || 14.0 || 17.0 || 18.8 || 20.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:kan Strv 101 (105 mm)/Ammunition|slpprj m/80, slsgr m/61A, rökgr m/61, slspgr m/61, slpprj m/90c}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! 6th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''48''' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __ ''(+__)'' || __
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|ksp 39 C (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[ksp 39 C (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm ksp 39 C]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 2,000 (250) || 500 || -5°/+15° || ±180°
|-
| Coaxial || 2,250 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The Strv 105 is an upgraded variant of the [[Strv 104]], based off the [[Centurion Mk 10]]. With new upgrades such as thermal imaging and the m/90C APFSDS round (Swedish designation for the Israeli M426 105 mm APFSDS), it can handle most targets it faces including some later MBTs such as the [[Leopard 2A4]], [[M1 Abrams]], and the [[T-72 (Family)|T-72s]] and [[T-80 (Family)|T-80s]].

It is best to snipe from a position where the enemy can't see you, as the m/90c round has enough penetration over range to penetrate enemies from a distance, and the armour isn't really strong against other opponents. While it has an upgraded engine, the Strv 105 still is a bit sluggish compared to NATO counterparts and vehicles such as the [[XM-803]] or [[Leopard 1A5]] can beat you in mobility terms. It's best to try to stay cover to cover when moving. Defeating late Cold War-era MBTs in uptiers can be done but thanks to their mobility and gun handling control being more advanced, they will often have a better reaction time than you.

;'''Enemies worth noting:'''

* [[T-72B]], [[T-72B (1989)]] - These Soviet MBTs have their armour increased on the frontal hull and with the 1989 variant featuring CONTACT-5 ERA, it will be impossible to kill them from the front except for a few weak spots. It's best to aim for the lower front plate and the driver port, but more preferably the side since that's where the autoloader, and ammo, are so that you can kill them with a instant kill.
* [[Challenger Mk.2]]/[[Challenger Mk.3]] - The turret of these British tanks will be nearly impossible to penetrate at range, due to how the composite plates are angled. The lower hull can be penetrated though, especially around the driver port or the lower front plate.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Access to the m/90c APFSDS shell (aka 105 mm DM63/M426) with good penetration
* Improved engine
* ERA stops most HEATFS
* Stock APFSDS shell
* NVDs are a Tier II modification
* Good gun depression (-10°)
* Has no hull ammo storage next to the driver unlike the earlier [[Strv 101]]

'''Cons:'''

* Mobility is subpar compared to other MBTs
* Weak armour against most APDS/APFSDS, even from Soviet APHE shells
* Late Cold War-era vehicles may be difficult to deal with in uptiers
* Lower front plate has no additional protection

== History ==

''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=sw_strv_105 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==

{{main|Centurion (Family)}}

;Related Development

* [[Strv 81]]
* [[Strv 101]]
* [[Strv 104]]

== External links ==

''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''

* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''other literature.''

{{TankManufacturer Department of Tank Design}}
{{Sweden medium tanks}}

M60A1 RISE (P)

2024-10-21T18:27:35Z

U108167778: /* Ammunition */

{{About
| about = American main battle tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = other versions
| link-1 = M60 (Family)
| usage-2 = other uses
| link-2 = M60 (Disambiguation)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=us_m60a1_rise_passive_era
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (shortened as the '''{{Specs|pseudonym}}''') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.71 "New E.R.A."]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The survivability of the M60A1 RISE (P) is not to be relied upon whatsoever. APFSDS will go through the armour with ease, and high-penetration ATGMs will as well. The only area that is likely to prevent penetration from APFSDS rounds in the mantlet, which is hit or miss. The ERA is only capable of stopping HEAT or HESH shells from penetrating the armour. On the other hand, the HEAT shells may be able to slip between ERA plates to penetrate the armour. Not only that, but the ERA is knocked off after one hit from APFSDS or HEAT, and from multiple hits from machine guns. Once the ERA is knocked off, chemical weapons will punch through the armour with ease.

Due to the ammunition layout of the tank (storage in the turret and hull), there is a high chance of ammunition explosion after a penetration. Additionally, when the turret is facing forwards three crew are lined up, making for an easy knock-out. One thing to note, the M19 commander's cupola on top of the turret is significantly higher than the rest of the turret. When peeking over a hill or cover, the cupola is a viable target for APHE, HE, or HESH rounds, which will splash down through the turret roof to knock out other crew members. Even kinetic rounds such as APFSDS will incapacitate the commander, although they won't do any other damage.

'''Armour type:'''

* Cast homogeneous armour
* Rolled homogeneous armour - Engine Deck, Engine Compartment Rear
* ERA

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || From Top to Bottom: 108 mm (66°) ''Upper Glacis'' 128 mm (66°) ''Upper Center Strip'' 165 mm (55°) ''Lower Center Strip'' 117 - 137 mm (55°) ''Lower Glacis'' || 36 - 70 mm || 25 - 40 mm || 20 - 76 mm
|-
| Turret ||230.9 (curved) ''Turret Front'' 76.2 mm (curved) ''Above and Below Mantlet'' 127 mm (curved) ''Mantlet'' 50.8 mm (curved) ''Mantlet Perimeter (Overlaps with Turret Face)'' ||53.8 - 230.9 mm ''Right Side'' 49.8 mm - 215.9 mm ''Left Side'' ||57 mm || 25.4 - 48 mm
|-
| Cupola || 35 mm || colspan="2" style="text-align:center" | 26 mm || 30 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* ERA covers nearly the entire front of the hull and turret, and also covers the turret sides (5 mm Kinetic Protection, 370 mm Chemical Protection)
* Cupola Turret Ring - 85 mm
* Turret Ring - 114 + 25.4 mm (Front), 50.8 + 25.4 mm (Sides & Rear)
* Turret Side Armour: Made of ten strips of increasing thickness from front to rear; the left and right sides have different armour compositions
* Right Turret Side Armour from Front to Rear: 230.9 mm, 152.9 mm, 142.0 mm, 128.8 mm, 120.4 mm, 115.3, 105.7 mm, 99.4 mm, 60.5 mm, 53.8 mm
* Left Turret Side Armour from Front to Rear: 215.9 mm, 142.2 mm, 132.6 mm, 116.3 mm, 107.2 mm, 97.5 mm, 89.4 mm, 70.9 mm, 52.3 mm, 49.8 mm
* Belly Armour: 19 mm - 13 mm
* Main Gun: 25 mm
* Machine Guns: 5 mm
* There is a 5.3 mm plate that covers part of the turret face
* Tracks: 30 mm
* Suspension: 20 mm
* Fenders and Storage Boxes: 5 mm

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,162|rbMinHp=663}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M68 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M68 (105 mm)|105 mm M68]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 63 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 21.40 || 29.65 || 36.00 || 39.81 || 42.35 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 13.40 || 15.75 || 19.13 || 21.15 || 22.50
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''M728 APDS''' (Armour-Piercing Discarding Sabot) is capable of easily penetrating the majority of the foes it meets, but these rounds do require finesse as to their placing. Because the shell lacks an explosive filler, the best bet is to try and either knock out the majority of the enemy tank's crew or to destroy the enemy by ammo or fuel detonation through hitting their respective storage capacities. This, of course, requires knowledge about the vehicles the M60A1 may face - so be sure to use the game's X-Ray view in the hangar and analyse the potential foes for their weak spots! Also, keep in mind that with increased armour thickness the amount of shrapnel shrinks.
* '''M393A2 HESH''' (High-Explosive Squash Head) works very differently from other shell types. It ignores any angle, except for ricochet and deals damage by metal-flakes which are blown off inside the armour by the exterior explosion. Basically, the fighting compartment is showered in metal rain. Currently, only true armour thickness (as opposed to the line of sight thickness) will provide sufficient means of protection, benefitting the USSR turret designs and in general German tanks. Like all high-explosive shells, the fuse is very sensitive and can be set-off by most objects e.g. fences, trees, pillars.
* '''M456 HEATFS''' (High-Explosive Anti-Tank Fin-Stabilised): The knowledge of enemy vehicle layouts gained from the stock shell (M728), will be handy to use for the M60A1's fullest potential - as the M456 is a round that can penetrate most vehicle's armour frontally. Like the APDS shot, increased armour thickness results in a reduced amount of shrapnel after penetration. Unlike APDS it has one downside: Given that it is a chemical energy round, its fuse is highly sensitive in regards to its practical application in battle. As a result, virtually anything, such as trees or even a fence, will set it off prematurely, so the HEAT-FS round cannot fire through obstructions with this kind.
* '''M416 Smoke:''' Not a reliable round due to the fact that this tank has smoke grenade launchers. If you want to blind enemies at a considerable range at up to 2000 meters and above, this would be your round, although you're most likely to use an armor penetrating round than a blinding round in such a scenario.
* '''M735 APFSDS''' (Armour-Piercing Fin-Stabilised Discarding Sabot): With about 30mm more penetration at ranges and better post-penetration damage than the stock APDS, this is the go-to armor piercing round to combat tanks that would have such armor (and at times ERA that will make the shell disappear) to defeat your APDS round. Since it's fin-stabilized, it has better and a slightly more linear flight towards its targets than the APDS round, though just like the APDS round, the amount of spall reduces with the amount of armor, and some light tanks will absorb the shot with ease, so make sure to learn about critical spots of the tanks you may encounter.

{{:M68 (105 mm)/Ammunition|M728, M456, M393A2, M416, M735}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''63''' || 61 ''(+2)'' || 46 ''(+17)'' || 34 ''(+29)'' || 14 ''(+49)'' || 1 ''(+62)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M85 (12.7 mm)|M240 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M85 (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M85]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 900 (180) || 626 || -9°/+60° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M240 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M240]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 6,000 (200) || 941 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The M60A1 RISE has very special playstyle, which is affected by the lack of speed. While most tanks at this BR are fast, the M60A1 RISE isn't. That is why you should stay between the first and the second front lines, and clean up enemy tanks that try to rush behind your lines. The M60A1 RISE is best played when holding choke points with your great long range gun, and punishing fast tanks like the [[Leopard A1A1]] that try to rush through. With great penetration for all of your shells, no tank should be a serious problem when you shoot at it, and even if you miss a shot, the M60A1 RISE can cover it with good gun reload. Remember, you are not a rusher, advance with your team, cover them when enemy tanks try to get their flanks, and hold angles at important locations.

While the playstyle isn't very versatile, the wide ammo selection can help when a specific ammo type can be helpful. With HESH, HEAT-FS and smoke shells, you can engage any target at any situation, but your main shell is going to be the M735 APFSDS shell, and it should be researched as soon as possible. Until you unlock it, you can use the HEAT-FS, or the APDS shell which is available as stock.

In conclusion, the speed limitation of the M60A1 RISE forces it to play as a second line fighter, use your combat awareness to punish enemy flankers and cover important locations and choke points.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* ERA plates can and will protect you from chemical rounds
* Smoke shells, ESS, and smoke grenades can help you in dangerous situations
* Extremely accurate and fully stabilized 105 mm gun with good muzzle velocity for AP shells
* Good gun depression (-10 degrees) and good gun elevation angles
* Good stock APDS shell
* APFSDS shell with good penetration
* .50 cal machine gun helps against low-flying air targets and lightly-armoured targets

'''Cons:'''

* Very large target
* Commander cupola is a tall, noticeable and thinly-armoured weak spot
* ERA coverage has significant gaps, such as the turret ring and roof
* Despite ERA, overall armour is rather poor for the BR
* Very slow, especially when stock
* Tracks are rather loud
* Lacks thermals that most opponents have at its BR
* APFSDS round is a tier IV modification

== History ==


=== Variants Leading up to the M60A1 RISE ===

==== M60A1 ====
'''Development'''

In 1960, work was started to upgrade the M60 main battle tank, as the T95 project and the project to create composite armour were closed. The prototypes fitted the T95E7 turret on the hull of the M60. In order to increase the room in the turret for the crew the gun used the M140 mount, which moved the gun forward 5 inches. The first two prototypes (Pilot 1 and 2) were ready in May 1961, and the third prototype (Pilot 3) was ready in June 1961. The prototypes were designated as the M60E1, and they were all built by Chrysler Defense. Pilot 1 was tested at Eglin Air Force Base, Pilot 2 was tested at Yuma Test Station, and Pilot 3 was tested at Fort Knox. The M60E1 was accepted for American service on 22 October 1962. The designation for production M60E1 tanks was Tank, Combat, Full Tracked: 105-mm Gun, M60A1. Production began on 13 October 1962, with an order of 720 units by the Army.

'''Design'''

The upper glacis armour of the hull was upgraded from 3.67 inches to 4.29 inches at 65°. The steering wheel was replaced with a T-bar control, and the break and accelerator pedals were rearranged for easier usage by the driver. The tank was upgraded to the Continental AVDS-1790-2A engine and the CD-850-5 cross drive transmission, and it used the T97 track assembly. The first return roller was moved slightly, and shock absorbers were added to the second road wheel pair. The addition of the shock absorbers was due to the increased weight of the armour and new M60A1 turret.

The main feature of the M60A1 was a new turret, which was the turret of the T95E7 medium tank prototype. The new turret had more armour protection, and it also could had more room for the crew, because of the new M140 gun mount. A fume extractor was added to the rear of the turret bustle, on the left side; this would prevent fumes and smoke from accumulating inside the vehicle when the weapons were fired. The loader and gunner received padded seats, replacing the wire mesh seats which were uncomfortable. Ammunition for the main gun was increased to 63 rounds, with 15 rounds in the turret bustle, several rounds in the turret ring, and the rest stored in the hull. The turret was equipped with a new traversing mechanism, and an AN/VSS-1(V)1 IR searchlight was fitted above the gun mantlet. It received the M19 FCS, which consisted of the M17A1 coincidence rangefinder, M10A1 ballistic drive, and the mechanical M19E1 ballistic computer for the gunner. The M60A1 tank uses the M68E1 105 mm gun. The M68E1 gun shared the same firing characteristics as the M68, but had several design improvements including an updated gun hydraulic configuration, a stabilization upgrade for the gun (but not a full stabilizer), a gun elevation kill switch for the loader, an improved ballistic drive, and other component refinements.

==== M60A1 (AOS) ====
In 1972, the M60A1 (AOS) was introduced, which gave the tank an add-on stabilization (AOS) system. It was a kit that could be applied to M60A1 tanks with very little modification to the hydraulic gun control system. The AOS allows for stabilization of the gun vertically and of the turret horizontally. This allowed the gunner to track targets and control the gun and turret while the vehicle was moving; this increased the hit-on-the-move capability significantly. Before the AOS upgrade the fire-on-the-move accuracy at 2,000 m was practically 0%, whereas with the upgrade 70% accuracy was achieved. The AOS had three modes: power-with-stabilization-on, power-with-stabilization-off, and manual. Power-with-stabilization-on was the mode which stabilized the gun, power-with-stabilization-off allowed the turret to be controlled electrically when the stabilizer was not necessary, and the manual mode allowed the crew to still traverse the turret and elevate the gun if the electrical or hydraulic systems were inoperable.

==== M60A1 (AOS)+ ====
M60A1 (AOS)+ is the designation for M60A1 tanks that were equipped with the TLAC, AOS, and T142 tracks. The T142 track debuted in 1974, and it had replaceable rubber pads, improved end connectors, and had a better service life.

=== M60A1 RISE ===
The M60A1 RISE integrated the upgrades of the M60A1 (AOS)+ and TLAC, along with new features, and it first debuted in 1975. It featured the improved AVDS-1790-2C RISE diesel engine and CD-850-6 transmission. These parts were more reliable than the earlier types used. A 650 ampere oil-cooled alternator, a solid state regulator and new wiring harness with more accessible disconnectors was also incorporated into the hull's electrical system. Additionally, steel road wheels and return rollers were used, and new, armoured TLAC panels replaced the unarmoured panels. It featured an M32E1 passive sight for the gunner, an M36E1 passive periscope for the commander, and an M24E1 IR night vision block for the driver, and laser range finder. The new optical equipment allowed for recognition at longer range and at lower light levels for the commander and gunner. In conditions with only starlight, the optics allowed for vision past 500 m with the use of an IR searchlight. The driver's M24E1 IR night vision block gave the driver second generation night vision capability.

==== M60A1 RISE+ ====
The usage of the M735 APFSDS round required a cam update to the gun's mechanical ballistic drive in order to allow for accurate firing. With the update the tanks were designated as M60A1 RISE+.

==== M60A1 RISE Passive (P) ====
The Passive upgrade for the M60A1 RISE incorporated all the features of the M60A1 RISE+, but with a number of improvements. It was equipped with AN/VVS-2 passive night vision block, a deep water fording kit, and brackets for the mounting of ERA armour. It received the improved AVDS-1790-2D RISE engine and CD-850-6A transmission; it was capable of using a vehicle engine exhaust smoke system. The VEESS smoke screen does not protect against infrared, thermal, or laser detection methods, but only obscures the tank visually. In 1978, a kit entered service that installed an M240C machine gun in the coaxial position, and it equipped the tank with two six-barreled M239 smoke grenade launchers (electronically fired), with one mounted on each side of the turret front. The smoke grenades masks the tank both visually and the thermal signature using a phosphor compound.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=us_m60a1_rise_passive_era Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|3zJsVor0TRA|'''T-55A versus M60A1 RISE (P)''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|zoBPU0n65_A|'''The M60 family''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 3:05 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[M60 (Family)]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[Sho't Kal Dalet (Great Britain)]]
* [[AMX-30B2 BRENUS]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/4908-development-m60a1-rise-p-explosive-reactive-american-en|[Devblog] M60A1 RISE (P): Explosive Reactive American]]
* [[wikipedia:M60_tank|[Wikipedia] M60 tank]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/coldwar/US/M60_Patton.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> 105mm Gun Tank M60]
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=28 <nowiki>[Military Factory]</nowiki> M60 (Patton)]

{{TankManufacturer Chrysler Defense}}
{{USA medium tanks}}

M60A1 RISE (P)

2024-10-21T18:20:34Z

U108167778: /* Ammunition */

{{About
| about = American main battle tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = other versions
| link-1 = M60 (Family)
| usage-2 = other uses
| link-2 = M60 (Disambiguation)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=us_m60a1_rise_passive_era
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (shortened as the '''{{Specs|pseudonym}}''') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.71 "New E.R.A."]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

The survivability of the M60A1 RISE (P) is not to be relied upon whatsoever. APFSDS will go through the armour with ease, and high-penetration ATGMs will as well. The only area that is likely to prevent penetration from APFSDS rounds in the mantlet, which is hit or miss. The ERA is only capable of stopping HEAT or HESH shells from penetrating the armour. On the other hand, the HEAT shells may be able to slip between ERA plates to penetrate the armour. Not only that, but the ERA is knocked off after one hit from APFSDS or HEAT, and from multiple hits from machine guns. Once the ERA is knocked off, chemical weapons will punch through the armour with ease.

Due to the ammunition layout of the tank (storage in the turret and hull), there is a high chance of ammunition explosion after a penetration. Additionally, when the turret is facing forwards three crew are lined up, making for an easy knock-out. One thing to note, the M19 commander's cupola on top of the turret is significantly higher than the rest of the turret. When peeking over a hill or cover, the cupola is a viable target for APHE, HE, or HESH rounds, which will splash down through the turret roof to knock out other crew members. Even kinetic rounds such as APFSDS will incapacitate the commander, although they won't do any other damage.

'''Armour type:'''

* Cast homogeneous armour
* Rolled homogeneous armour - Engine Deck, Engine Compartment Rear
* ERA

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || From Top to Bottom: 108 mm (66°) ''Upper Glacis'' 128 mm (66°) ''Upper Center Strip'' 165 mm (55°) ''Lower Center Strip'' 117 - 137 mm (55°) ''Lower Glacis'' || 36 - 70 mm || 25 - 40 mm || 20 - 76 mm
|-
| Turret ||230.9 (curved) ''Turret Front'' 76.2 mm (curved) ''Above and Below Mantlet'' 127 mm (curved) ''Mantlet'' 50.8 mm (curved) ''Mantlet Perimeter (Overlaps with Turret Face)'' ||53.8 - 230.9 mm ''Right Side'' 49.8 mm - 215.9 mm ''Left Side'' ||57 mm || 25.4 - 48 mm
|-
| Cupola || 35 mm || colspan="2" style="text-align:center" | 26 mm || 30 mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:'''

* ERA covers nearly the entire front of the hull and turret, and also covers the turret sides (5 mm Kinetic Protection, 370 mm Chemical Protection)
* Cupola Turret Ring - 85 mm
* Turret Ring - 114 + 25.4 mm (Front), 50.8 + 25.4 mm (Sides & Rear)
* Turret Side Armour: Made of ten strips of increasing thickness from front to rear; the left and right sides have different armour compositions
* Right Turret Side Armour from Front to Rear: 230.9 mm, 152.9 mm, 142.0 mm, 128.8 mm, 120.4 mm, 115.3, 105.7 mm, 99.4 mm, 60.5 mm, 53.8 mm
* Left Turret Side Armour from Front to Rear: 215.9 mm, 142.2 mm, 132.6 mm, 116.3 mm, 107.2 mm, 97.5 mm, 89.4 mm, 70.9 mm, 52.3 mm, 49.8 mm
* Belly Armour: 19 mm - 13 mm
* Main Gun: 25 mm
* Machine Guns: 5 mm
* There is a 5.3 mm plate that covers part of the turret face
* Tracks: 30 mm
* Suspension: 20 mm
* Fenders and Storage Boxes: 5 mm

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,162|rbMinHp=663}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M68 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M68 (105 mm)|105 mm M68]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 63 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 21.40 || 29.65 || 36.00 || 39.81 || 42.35 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 13.40 || 15.75 || 19.13 || 21.15 || 22.50
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''M728 APDS''' (Armour-Piercing Discarding Sabot) is capable of easily penetrating the majority of the foes it meets, but these rounds do require finesse as to their placing. Because the shell lacks an explosive filler, the best bet is to try and either knock out the majority of the enemy tank's crew or to destroy the enemy by ammo or fuel detonation through hitting their respective storage capacities. This, of course, requires knowledge about the vehicles the M60A1 may face - so be sure to use the game's X-Ray view in the hangar and analyse the potential foes for their weak spots! Also, keep in mind that with increased armour thickness the amount of shrapnel shrinks.
* '''M393A2 HESH''' (High-Explosive Squash Head) works very differently from other shell types. It ignores any angle, except for ricochet and deals damage by metal-flakes which are blown off inside the armour by the exterior explosion. Basically, the fighting compartment is showered in metal rain. Currently, only true armour thickness (as opposed to the line of sight thickness) will provide sufficient means of protection, benefitting the USSR turret designs and in general German tanks. Like all high-explosive shells, the fuse is very sensitive and can be set-off by most objects e.g. fences, trees, pillars.
* '''M456 HEATFS''' (High-Explosive Anti-Tank Fin-Stabilised): The knowledge of enemy vehicle layouts gained from the stock shell (M728), will be handy to use for the M60A1's fullest potential - as the M456 is a round that can penetrate most vehicle's armour frontally. Like the APDS shot, increased armour thickness results in a reduced amount of shrapnel after penetration. Unlike APDS it has one downside: Given that it is a chemical energy round, its fuse is highly sensitive in regards to its practical application in battle. As a result, virtually anything, such as trees or even a fence, will set it off prematurely, so the HEAT-FS round cannot fire through obstructions with this kind.
* '''M416 Smoke:''' Not a reliable round due to the fact that this tank has smoke grenade launchers. If you want to blind enemies at a considerable range at up to 2000 meters and above, this would be your round, although you're most likely to use an armor penetrating round than a blinding round.
* '''M735 APFSDS''' (Armour-Piercing Fin-Stabilised Discarding Sabot)

{{:M68 (105 mm)/Ammunition|M728, M456, M393A2, M416, M735}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''63''' || 61 ''(+2)'' || 46 ''(+17)'' || 34 ''(+29)'' || 14 ''(+49)'' || 1 ''(+62)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M85 (12.7 mm)|M240 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M85 (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M85]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 900 (180) || 626 || -9°/+60° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M240 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M240]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 6,000 (200) || 941 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The M60A1 RISE has very special playstyle, which is affected by the lack of speed. While most tanks at this BR are fast, the M60A1 RISE isn't. That is why you should stay between the first and the second front lines, and clean up enemy tanks that try to rush behind your lines. The M60A1 RISE is best played when holding choke points with your great long range gun, and punishing fast tanks like the [[Leopard A1A1]] that try to rush through. With great penetration for all of your shells, no tank should be a serious problem when you shoot at it, and even if you miss a shot, the M60A1 RISE can cover it with good gun reload. Remember, you are not a rusher, advance with your team, cover them when enemy tanks try to get their flanks, and hold angles at important locations.

While the playstyle isn't very versatile, the wide ammo selection can help when a specific ammo type can be helpful. With HESH, HEAT-FS and smoke shells, you can engage any target at any situation, but your main shell is going to be the M735 APFSDS shell, and it should be researched as soon as possible. Until you unlock it, you can use the HEAT-FS, or the APDS shell which is available as stock.

In conclusion, the speed limitation of the M60A1 RISE forces it to play as a second line fighter, use your combat awareness to punish enemy flankers and cover important locations and choke points.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* ERA plates can and will protect you from chemical rounds
* Smoke shells, ESS, and smoke grenades can help you in dangerous situations
* Extremely accurate and fully stabilized 105 mm gun with good muzzle velocity for AP shells
* Good gun depression (-10 degrees) and good gun elevation angles
* Good stock APDS shell
* APFSDS shell with good penetration
* .50 cal machine gun helps against low-flying air targets and lightly-armoured targets

'''Cons:'''

* Very large target
* Commander cupola is a tall, noticeable and thinly-armoured weak spot
* ERA coverage has significant gaps, such as the turret ring and roof
* Despite ERA, overall armour is rather poor for the BR
* Very slow, especially when stock
* Tracks are rather loud
* Lacks thermals that most opponents have at its BR
* APFSDS round is a tier IV modification

== History ==


=== Variants Leading up to the M60A1 RISE ===

==== M60A1 ====
'''Development'''

In 1960, work was started to upgrade the M60 main battle tank, as the T95 project and the project to create composite armour were closed. The prototypes fitted the T95E7 turret on the hull of the M60. In order to increase the room in the turret for the crew the gun used the M140 mount, which moved the gun forward 5 inches. The first two prototypes (Pilot 1 and 2) were ready in May 1961, and the third prototype (Pilot 3) was ready in June 1961. The prototypes were designated as the M60E1, and they were all built by Chrysler Defense. Pilot 1 was tested at Eglin Air Force Base, Pilot 2 was tested at Yuma Test Station, and Pilot 3 was tested at Fort Knox. The M60E1 was accepted for American service on 22 October 1962. The designation for production M60E1 tanks was Tank, Combat, Full Tracked: 105-mm Gun, M60A1. Production began on 13 October 1962, with an order of 720 units by the Army.

'''Design'''

The upper glacis armour of the hull was upgraded from 3.67 inches to 4.29 inches at 65°. The steering wheel was replaced with a T-bar control, and the break and accelerator pedals were rearranged for easier usage by the driver. The tank was upgraded to the Continental AVDS-1790-2A engine and the CD-850-5 cross drive transmission, and it used the T97 track assembly. The first return roller was moved slightly, and shock absorbers were added to the second road wheel pair. The addition of the shock absorbers was due to the increased weight of the armour and new M60A1 turret.

The main feature of the M60A1 was a new turret, which was the turret of the T95E7 medium tank prototype. The new turret had more armour protection, and it also could had more room for the crew, because of the new M140 gun mount. A fume extractor was added to the rear of the turret bustle, on the left side; this would prevent fumes and smoke from accumulating inside the vehicle when the weapons were fired. The loader and gunner received padded seats, replacing the wire mesh seats which were uncomfortable. Ammunition for the main gun was increased to 63 rounds, with 15 rounds in the turret bustle, several rounds in the turret ring, and the rest stored in the hull. The turret was equipped with a new traversing mechanism, and an AN/VSS-1(V)1 IR searchlight was fitted above the gun mantlet. It received the M19 FCS, which consisted of the M17A1 coincidence rangefinder, M10A1 ballistic drive, and the mechanical M19E1 ballistic computer for the gunner. The M60A1 tank uses the M68E1 105 mm gun. The M68E1 gun shared the same firing characteristics as the M68, but had several design improvements including an updated gun hydraulic configuration, a stabilization upgrade for the gun (but not a full stabilizer), a gun elevation kill switch for the loader, an improved ballistic drive, and other component refinements.

==== M60A1 (AOS) ====
In 1972, the M60A1 (AOS) was introduced, which gave the tank an add-on stabilization (AOS) system. It was a kit that could be applied to M60A1 tanks with very little modification to the hydraulic gun control system. The AOS allows for stabilization of the gun vertically and of the turret horizontally. This allowed the gunner to track targets and control the gun and turret while the vehicle was moving; this increased the hit-on-the-move capability significantly. Before the AOS upgrade the fire-on-the-move accuracy at 2,000 m was practically 0%, whereas with the upgrade 70% accuracy was achieved. The AOS had three modes: power-with-stabilization-on, power-with-stabilization-off, and manual. Power-with-stabilization-on was the mode which stabilized the gun, power-with-stabilization-off allowed the turret to be controlled electrically when the stabilizer was not necessary, and the manual mode allowed the crew to still traverse the turret and elevate the gun if the electrical or hydraulic systems were inoperable.

==== M60A1 (AOS)+ ====
M60A1 (AOS)+ is the designation for M60A1 tanks that were equipped with the TLAC, AOS, and T142 tracks. The T142 track debuted in 1974, and it had replaceable rubber pads, improved end connectors, and had a better service life.

=== M60A1 RISE ===
The M60A1 RISE integrated the upgrades of the M60A1 (AOS)+ and TLAC, along with new features, and it first debuted in 1975. It featured the improved AVDS-1790-2C RISE diesel engine and CD-850-6 transmission. These parts were more reliable than the earlier types used. A 650 ampere oil-cooled alternator, a solid state regulator and new wiring harness with more accessible disconnectors was also incorporated into the hull's electrical system. Additionally, steel road wheels and return rollers were used, and new, armoured TLAC panels replaced the unarmoured panels. It featured an M32E1 passive sight for the gunner, an M36E1 passive periscope for the commander, and an M24E1 IR night vision block for the driver, and laser range finder. The new optical equipment allowed for recognition at longer range and at lower light levels for the commander and gunner. In conditions with only starlight, the optics allowed for vision past 500 m with the use of an IR searchlight. The driver's M24E1 IR night vision block gave the driver second generation night vision capability.

==== M60A1 RISE+ ====
The usage of the M735 APFSDS round required a cam update to the gun's mechanical ballistic drive in order to allow for accurate firing. With the update the tanks were designated as M60A1 RISE+.

==== M60A1 RISE Passive (P) ====
The Passive upgrade for the M60A1 RISE incorporated all the features of the M60A1 RISE+, but with a number of improvements. It was equipped with AN/VVS-2 passive night vision block, a deep water fording kit, and brackets for the mounting of ERA armour. It received the improved AVDS-1790-2D RISE engine and CD-850-6A transmission; it was capable of using a vehicle engine exhaust smoke system. The VEESS smoke screen does not protect against infrared, thermal, or laser detection methods, but only obscures the tank visually. In 1978, a kit entered service that installed an M240C machine gun in the coaxial position, and it equipped the tank with two six-barreled M239 smoke grenade launchers (electronically fired), with one mounted on each side of the turret front. The smoke grenades masks the tank both visually and the thermal signature using a phosphor compound.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=us_m60a1_rise_passive_era Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|3zJsVor0TRA|'''T-55A versus M60A1 RISE (P)''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|zoBPU0n65_A|'''The M60 family''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 3:05 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis

* [[M60 (Family)]]

;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

* [[Sho't Kal Dalet (Great Britain)]]
* [[AMX-30B2 BRENUS]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/4908-development-m60a1-rise-p-explosive-reactive-american-en|[Devblog] M60A1 RISE (P): Explosive Reactive American]]
* [[wikipedia:M60_tank|[Wikipedia] M60 tank]]
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/coldwar/US/M60_Patton.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> 105mm Gun Tank M60]
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=28 <nowiki>[Military Factory]</nowiki> M60 (Patton)]

{{TankManufacturer Chrysler Defense}}
{{USA medium tanks}}

M60

2024-10-21T14:49:08Z

U108167778: /* Ammunition */

{{About
| about = American main battle tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| other
| usage-1 = other versions
| link-1 = M60 (Family)
| usage-2 = other uses
| link-2 = M60 (Disambiguation)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=us_m60
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.51 "Cold Steel"]].

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

'''Armour type:'''

* Cast homogeneous armour
* Rolled homogeneous armour (Rear roof, Rear)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope Angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 93 mm (65°) ''Front Glacis'' 143 mm (55°) ''Lower Glacis''|| 74 mm || 41 mm || 20 mm
|-
| Turret || 127 mm ''Turret front'' 152 mm ''Gun Mantlet''|| 100 mm - 50.8 mm || 50.8 mm || 24 mm
|-
| Cupola || 35 mm || 25.4 mm || 25.4 mm || 25.4 mm
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick and tracks are 30 mm thick.

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,162|rbMinHp=663}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

After researching Parts and FPE, it is recommended to focus on reaching the M456 HEATFS shell, which will allow the player to capitalize on the M60's excellent gun. After that, it is recommended to research mobility modifications.

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M68 (105 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M68 (105 mm)|105 mm M68]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 57 || rowspan="2" | -9°/+19° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 22.85 || 31.62 || 38.40 || 42.47 || 45.18 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 14.28 || 16.80 || 20.40 || 22.56 || 24.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====

* '''M392A2; APDS''' (Armour-Piercing Discarding Sabot) is capable of easily penetrating the majority of the foes it meets, but these rounds do require finesse as to their placing. Because the shell lacks an explosive filler, the best bet is to try and either knock out the majority of the enemy tank's crew or to destroy the enemy by ammo or fuel detonation through hitting their respective storage capacities. This, of course, requires knowledge about the vehicles the M60 may face - so be sure to use the game's X-Ray view in the hangar and analyse the potential foes for their weak spots! Also, keep in mind that with increased armour thickness the number of shrapnel shrinks. This round can penetrate certain angled armor like on the [[T-54/55 (Family)|T-54/55s,]] but may fail at certain extreme angles at 60° or higher as seen on the [[Strv 103 (Family)|Strv 103]], so make sure you take aim at proper areas like the lower glacis to prevent shell shatter or ricochet.

* '''M393A2; HESH''' (High-Explosive Squash-Head) works very differently than other shell types. It ignores any angle, except for ricochet and deals damage by metal-flakes which are blown off inside the armour by the exterior explosion. Basically, the fighting compartment is showered in metal rain. Currently, only true armour thickness (opposed to the line of sight thickness) will provide sufficient means of protection, benefiting the USSR turret designs and in general German tanks. Unlike all high-explosive shells, the fuze isn't as sensitive and can bypass most objects e.g. fences, trees, pillars to hit its target. It is also possible to overpressure certain tanks by aiming at spots like the commander's cupola or exposed turret spots, though it may not penetrate certain heavy and medium tanks, but will be extremely powerful on light tanks or SPAA.

* '''M456; HEATFS''' (High-Explosive Anti-Tank Fin-Stabilized): The knowledge of enemy vehicle layouts gained from the stock shell (M392A2), will be handy to use for the M60's fullest potential - as the M456 is an ammunition round which can penetrate most vehicle's armour frontally. Like the APDS shot, increased armour thickness results in a reduced amount of shrapnel after penetration. Unlike APDS it has one downside: Given that it is a chemical energy round, its fuse is highly sensitive in regards to its practical application in battle. As a result, virtually anything, such as trees or even a fence, will set it off prematurely, so the HEATFS round cannot fire through obstructions with this kind. Do keep in mind that this round won't have full effectiveness on certain angled armor.

{{:M68 (105 mm)/Ammunition|M392A2, M393A2, M456, M416}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! 5th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''57''' || 49 ''(+8)'' || 35 ''(+22)'' || 23 ''(+34)'' || 17 ''(+40)'' || 1 ''(+56)'' || No
|-
|}

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}

{{main|M85 (12.7 mm)|M73 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M85 (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M85]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle || 900 (180) || 626 || -15°/+60° || ±180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M73 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M73]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Coaxial || 6,000 (250) || 500 || - || -
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==


To use this tank effectively do not charge straight into battle, instead, go around. Use the terrain, make it harder to be identifiable by selecting the appropriate camouflage and navigate using the map. To flank, the opponents from the sides or the rear, use a flanking tactic to surprise the enemy tankers and destroy them. However, do not let the M60 be seen and the longer it can stay hidden, the higher the chances of finding more tanks off guard and surviving the match. Try to attack from long distances: The M60 has a very powerful and accurate cannon. This can be equipped with some of the most lethal ammunition within its own BR range depending on how you view it. It will turn the biggest and most powerful tanks into blazing wrecks.

The M60 essentially bears the same frontal, or even shares the same, turret shape of the M48 tanks, keep in mind that both the M48A1 and M60 tanks also share other similar features with each other; and while they're different, assume that the cons of this tank were not changed much from its foldered predecessor.

Excluding the height differences and an obvious cupola, it may look similar to the T-54 series of tanks and an unskilled or unprepared T-54 player will pause for a brief amount of time to identify the tank. This will give the tank extra time to angle the tank and to calculate a perfect shot and destroy vital parts of the enemy tank. Do not expose/show the rear of the tank as this will give away the M60 immediately since the rear does not resemble a T-54 and is one of the weakest places on this tank.

Playing on maps which have villages, towns, and city centres modelled, such as Poland, Advance to the Rhine, Normandy etc. These require a more specific tactic to survive in these locations as being flanked and not knowing about it until it's too late is very common. A good way of preventing this while using an M60 tank is to not enter the urban environment. In these environments, the M60 will be normally too close for the armour to work as effectively. However, if going around the sides of the town and move in and out of streets, this will prevent the enemy team to predict where the M60 will go. The M60, once upgraded, offers some of the best handling in the game, use that as an advantage in narrow and congested streets.

When engaging with other medium tanks, the M60 offers an excellent gun which can dominate any other medium tank. If the HEATFS is unlocked, the M60 will be able to terminate any tank with one hit most of the time, although tanks with improved chemical energy protection (e.g. composite armour and ERA) will serve a more difficult situation to deal with. The closer to the enemy tank, the higher the odds of ending it with an instant termination. When using HESH rounds, do not hit the sides of the enemy tank, it won't really do much damage. However, when the enemy has exposed the front, especially the Upper Glacis of the tank, using the HESH rounds will cause a lot of damage to the Crew and could also end that tank in one shot. Examples are the [[T-54 (1949)|T-54s]], [[IS-3]] and [[IS-4M|IS-4Ms]]. Against [[T-10M]]s, its not that reliable because of spaced armour.

Make sure to not expose the rear or sides of the tank and turret. These are weakest parts and if hit is likely to end the tank.

Keep in mind the cupola, it houses the commander's optics as well as an M85 HMG fitted within the turret. While it gives the vehicle an added 360° anti-air capability, it also will present a weaker spot with armour around the cupola being rated to protect against small-arms fire most of the time and heightens the M60's overall silhouette. It could either be useful or a bane to this vehicle depending on how you utilize it.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Front hull impenetrable against most Rank IV & some high-Rank V tanks
* Decent turning capability
* Great off-road speed (but not as great compared to [[Leopard_I|Leopards]] and [[T-10M]]s)
* Once fully upgraded it offers very sharp handling and manoeuvrability
* Excellent acceleration when fully upgraded
* Very good stock turret traverse speed
* Powerful 105mm gun
** Very accurate gun at long ranges when upgraded
** Good APDS stock shell
** HEATFS and HESH shells available

'''Cons:'''

* Very high profile due to the large and noticeable commander's cupola
** The cupola is an obvious and well-known weak spot; its armour is very thin and can be penetrated easily by APCBC and HEAT rounds
** Enemy shells can bounce off the turret roof (due to the angle) and could enter the cupola
** Commander's .50 cal HMG is slow in manoeuvrability and its effectiveness limited due to the cupola's poor elevation and speed
* Side armour is thin and can be penetrated easily
* Gun mantlet is rather weakly-armoured and can easily be penetrated even by lower-tier tanks
* Turret ring is a weak spot
* Front is vulnerable to HEAT and the most powerful APHE ([[T-10M]], [[Maus]]) at close range

== History ==

====Development====
The M60 was the American response to the [[T-54 (1949)|Soviet T-54A]] main battle tank after one was captured by Hungarians during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956. The American main tank at the time, the [[M47|M47]] and [[M48A1|M48 Pattons]] and with their [[M3 (90 mm)|90 mm cannon]], was found to be incapable of defeating the T-54 armour from the front. Plus, with the rumour that a new Soviet tank better than the T-54 was in development with a 115 mm cannon (which would be the [[T-62]]), the Americans saw a need to upgrade or replace their M48 Patton tanks. These upgrades are focused on improving the armour, a bigger gun, better rangefinders, and even an autoloader system.

At the time, a program designated the [[T95E1|T95]] launched in June 1954 was meant to replace the M48 Patton with a better gun and mobility. This new tank development was approved in August 1957 and was intended to be a radical change in the American tank doctrine, changing from the World War II era weight classes of light, medium, and heavy tanks and instead classifying as an all-purpose "main battle tanks" or an "airborne reconnaissance/assault vehicles". However, as the development came to a slow speed, it was determined that the T95 series was only marginally better than their improved M48A2 Patton, so it was proposed that the M48 design be upgraded with the new improvements made by the T95 program, focusing on better firepower and fuel efficiency. This development would be designated the ''XM60''.

The main gun on the new design was to be the new [[M68 (105 mm)|105 mm M68 cannon]], which was similar to the British 105 mm L7 Royal Ordnance gun made in response to the Soviet T-54 tank, even firing the same ammunition. The decision was made among six different tank guns for accuracy, damage on target, rate of fire, and penetration. The cannon parts were initially imported from Britain until American licensed version could be produced at the same quality. Armour was initially going to be composite armour made out of silica glass in response to better anti-tank weapons being produced. However, during production, the composite armour was changed back to conventional steel due to manufacturing constraints and cost. The XM60 design was accepted in 1959 and standardized as the [[M60|105 mm Gun Full Tracked Combat Tank M60]] in March 1959, entering service in 1960. During its production life from 1959 to 1987, over 15,000 units were produced. Despite its common naming as the '''M60 Patton''', it is never officially classified as a series of the ''Patton'' tanks and only as a "product descendant".

The M60 was meant to only be an interim design in the "main battle tank" designation, but it featured many innovative upgrades. The 105 mm gun with a bore evacuator, a straight sloping front armour rather than the rounded one on the M48, three rollers on the suspension and road wheels made out of aluminium. The design also used an improved engine, transmission, and driving unit. M60 design could be cast or welded together, and the turret was largely similar except the different mantlet to accept the new 105 mm gun. The tank had a crew of four, the commander, gunner, loader, and driver. The M60 was the last American tank to feature conventional steel armour in its design.

====Variants====
The M60 started with its base variant, which was very similar to the M48 Patton, the differences between the two being a wedge-shaped hull, three return rollers, and aluminium road wheels. The next one is the [[M60A1 (AOS)|M60A1]] variant, which began production in October 1962 with a better "needle-nose" turret, improved armour protection, and suspension. This was meant to be the main variant, but the development of a "main battle tank" was slower so the M60A1 served much longer than its intended period, from 1960 to the 1980s. Another variant to be made was the [[M60A2|M60A2]], which had a changed turret design and had the [[M81 (152 mm)|152 mm gun]] found on the [[M551]] that could fire standard HEAT shells or an anti-tank missiles, but this variant was found to be unreliable and was phased out quickly. The last major variant was the ''M60A3'', which featured many technological enhancements with a new rangefinder, ballistic computer, and a turret stabilization. This tank is the most modern of the three variants and is still being used by certain countries with even some advantages over the American main battle tank M1 Abrams during its introduction with better thermal sights, diesel engine, escape hatches, variety in ammunition, and ability to act as artillery.

====Combat usage====
The M60 in American service were first deployed in Vietnam, but only as engineer vehicles or bridge layers. The M60s continued to serve in American service all the way to the Gulf War in Operation Desert Storm in the Marine Corps and Air Force, however, at the time the newer M1 Abrams in service were already replacing the M60 tanks. Despite that, they did well in combat, where M60A1s in Marine service fought an Iraqi force composed of Soviet T-54s and T-72s and destroyed 100 tanks with the loss of only one M60 tank. The M60s were all retired after 2005 in US service.

Israel was another large user of the M60 tanks, seeing service in the Yom Kippur War with the quantity of 150, but many were destroyed by the new anti-tank missiles supplied by the Soviets to Egypt. It was widely praised for its firepower and manoeuvrability, however, and many were upgraded with better tracks and armour in the form of explosive reactive armour to combat anti-tank missiles. They saw service again in the 1982 Lebanon War against T-54s and T-72s and even World War II era [[T-34-85|T-34s]]. The M60 in Israeli service were retired by 2014. Today, the M60 tanks are still used in many different countries, such as Egypt, Brazil, Greece, Iran, Turkey, Yemen, China, and more. Despite its age, attempts at upgrading its armour and armament had been made American defence contractor Raytheon, able to keep the M60A3 up to date with the newer M1A1 Abrams with the 120 mm Rheinmetall gun and reactive armour.

{{break}}
{{Navigation-Start|{{Annotation|Archive of the in-game description|An archive of the historical description of the vehicle that was presented in-game prior to Update 1.55 'Royal Armour'}}}}
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
The M60 primary combat tank was designed to have a standard layout with the control compartment in the front part of the vehicle, the combat compartment in the middle, and the engine and transmission compartment in the rear. This new vehicle was a synthesis of the M48 turret and the new 105 mm M68 cannon, similar to British guns of the L7 series, which was produced in the US under license and adapted to the tank's diesel engine. Unlike the curved front end of the M48, the new vehicle had a standard rectangular body. In terms of the division of the body, the similarity to a boat was preserved throughout the length of the vehicle.

In order to reduce the tank's weight, which inevitably grew due to its thicker armour and heavier new cannon, aluminium alloys had to be widely used during its construction. Aluminium was used to make parts of the undercarriage, the fuel tanks, the rotating shelf in the turret, the shelves over the treads, and various levers and fastening components. The cramped M1 commander's tower was replaced with a spacious, low-profile M19. The first version of the XM60 was built in March 1959. It was added to the US arsenal under the name M60.
{{Navigation-End}}

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=us_m60 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|zoBPU0n65_A|'''The M60 family''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 0:47 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|LJFnDITc5Us|'''M60 Patton tank''' - ''Simon Hutchinson''}}

== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''

* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/devblog/current/794/|[Devblog] M60]]
* [[wt:en/news/3330--en|[Vehicle Profile] U.S. medium tank M60]]

{{TankManufacturer Chrysler Defense}}
{{USA medium tanks}}

M1A1 AIM

2024-09-20T16:40:40Z

U108167778: /* Pros and cons */

{{About
| about = American main battle tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
| usage = other versions
| link = M1 Abrams (Family)
}}
{{Specs-Card
|code=us_m1a1_aim_abrams
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==

As new threat profiles emerged from the Cold War, the Australians recognized that their existing fleet of [[Centurion_Mk.5/1|Centurions]] and Leopards for the Royal Australian Armoured Corp (RAAC) was becoming obsolete in being able to protect the crew against these threats. To provide the Australian Army with the best protection capabilities against these threats and continue fighting in a combined arms fashion, the Australian government sought to replace their existing tank fleet with 59 M1A1 AIM tanks from the United States. The M1A1 AIM ("Abrams Integrated Management") are refurbished Abrams tanks with additional sensors and communication platforms for better integration with the new information space on the battlefield. The M1A1 AIM were put into service by the Australian Army in 2007.

Introduced in [[Update "Danger Zone"]] as a squadron vehicle unlock, the M1A1 AIM presents most of the benefits of the [[M1A1 Abrams|M1A1]] tank. Players benefit from the tank's upgrade to the AIM variant, with better armour array and fire control system to allow better usage of the Abrams' great specifications. While the KE-W APFSDS round's penetration values may be lower than the M1A1's M829A1, it still packs enough power to be a threat against most targets the M1A1 AIM can be expected to face.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}

At first glance, the M1A1 AIM looks identical to post-M1A1 Abrams variants with its iconic 120 mm M256 cannon; but if there's anything that can make it different from the M1A1 and HC variant in US service, it is the AIM package. This gives better protection to the M1A1 AIM in terms of its turret and LFP where revised DU armour was installed to fit the 21st century battlefield. Thanks to its relatively large size overall, players might sometimes find that a penetrating shot does lesser damage as the shrapnel damage is mitigated by the large internal space, smaller calibre shells are the same case as well; but do not take this protection for granted since there is still the infamous "neck" by the turret where penetrating shots have possibility of taking out crew in the turret. Do also keep an eye on the LFP as well since the overall thickness is still insufficient to stop darts at its rank. Like other Abrams, it has a blowout panel at the rear of the turret for protecting the crew from an ammo detonation; make sure to clear the rear right side of the hull of ammunition as a detonation would mean an instant-kill for the crew.

'''Armour type:''' 


{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm
|-
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm
|-
|}

'''Notes:''' 


=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=2,058|rbMinHp=1,343}}

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|M256 (120 mm)}}

The M1A1 AIM is armed with the 120 mm M256 smoothbore gun, players of the M1A1 HC will soon find themselves at home as they share identical shells.

The stock round is M830 HEATFS, although it might not be effective in the late Cold War where tanks are usually equipped with ERA blocks or composite armour; be sure to take down the enemies from the sides or pick light targets as they will either be knocked out by the explosive contents or melted by the jet stream.

The researchable M830A1 MPAT shell, while having lesser explosive content and penetration, is equipped with a proximity fuze, making it effective against aforementioned targets as well as aircraft - a hit from it certainly critically damage any aircraft, if not taking them down outright.

Since there were limits from the Non-Proliferation Treaty of nuclear-related weapons, including DU rounds, RAAC received the tungsten alloy version of M829A1, the KE-W. Although it has lesser penetration compared to M829A1 at 583 mm, the "Silver Bullet" will still make short work of most armoured targets with one shot.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M256 (120 mm)|120 mm M256]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 40 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 38.1 || 52.7 || 64.0 || 70.8 || 75.3 || rowspan="2" | 6.50 || rowspan="2" | 5.75 || rowspan="2" | 5.30 || rowspan="2" | 5.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 23.8 || 28.0 || 34.0 || 37.6 || 40.0
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
{{:M256 (120 mm)/Ammunition|M830, M830A1, KE-W}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_M1A1.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the [[M1A1]] (identical)]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!Full ammo
!1st rack empty
!2nd rack empty
!3rd rack empty
!Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''40''' || 35 ''(+5)'' || 18 ''(+22)'' || 1 ''(+39)'' || No
|-
|}

Identical to the M1A1 and A1 HC, be sure to clear out all ammunition in the hull (5 rounds); although the Abrams has a blowout panel to save the crew from turret side shots, a solid hit on those 5 unprotected shells will cause players to quickly meet a miserable end.

=== Machine guns ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|4}}

{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M240 (7.62 mm)}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle (Commander) || 1,000 (200) || 575 || -9°/+65° || -160°/+180°
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[M240 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M240]]
|-
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal
|-
| Pintle (Loader) || 1,400 (200) || 941 || -9°/+65° || -77°/+135°
|-
| Coaxial || 10,000 (200) || 941 || N/A || N/A
|-
|}

== Usage in battles ==

The AIM plays just like its regular tech tree counterparts, meaning seasoned Abrams players will already be accustomed to its playstyle. The increased turret protection allows it to make use of hull down tactics just as effectively as the M1A1 HC and M1A2, with the 2nd generation thermal sights allowing for easier target identification and acquisition at range. It can also brawl relatively well because of its quick reactionary ability. The KE-W APFSDS round is perfectly capable of tackling its contemporaries.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* Has access to 2nd generation thermal sights allowing for easier targeting especially at long range
** Also has access to 2nd generation thermals for the commander's machine gun
* Effective turret armour
* Good gun handling and reload speeds
* M830A1 allows the engagement of helicopters
* Highly effective KE-W APFSDS

'''Cons:'''

* Poor stock grind with no tier 1 APFSDS round
* Poor hull armour, easily penetrated by its contemporaries
* Raised engine deck limits firing angles when the main gun is pointed rearwards
* No CITV or commander's sight, limiting scouting ability

== History ==

The Royal Australian Armoured Corps (RAAC) had been a long time user of European tanks including British Centurions and German Leopard AS1s. However, the Royal Australian Army opted to purchase M1A1s from from the United States as the replacement of Leopards in July 2007.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110605234111/http://www.anao.gov.au/Publications/Audit-Reports/2007-2008/Acquisition-of-the-ABRAMS-Main-Battle-Tank</ref> These 59 M1A1 AIM have their DU armour removed to comply with the Non-Proliferation Treaty and were deployed in the RAAC as their new generation MBT. These tanks were planned to be upgraded in the late 2010s, and later plans include building 75 M1A2 Sep v.3 domestically with a non-DU armour package specifically for Australia by 2024 to replace these 59 M1A1 AIMs.

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=us_m1a1_aim_abrams Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

== See also ==


;Related development

* [[M1 Abrams (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [[wt:en/news/7717-development-squadron-vehicle-m1a1-aim-en|[Devblog] Squadron vehicle: M1A1 AIM]]

=== References ===
<references />

{{USA medium tanks}}
{{Squadron ground vehicles}}

M901

2024-09-20T16:35:18Z

U108167778: /* Usage in battles */

{{Specs-Card
|code=us_m901_itv
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage2_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
}}

== Description ==


In response to the rising relevance of anti-tank guided missiles (ATGM) in large-scale warfare, the US sought a need to provide the army a mobile ground platform capable of being an ATGM launcher for support. The basis of the design would be the M113 APC as it was available in plentiful numbers across the army and compatible with the existing logistical network. The system was designated as the Improved TOW Vehicle, or ITV, and a design produced by the company Emerson was accepted as the '''M901''' in 1979. The US used the M901 in Operation Desert Storm, where it is credited with 14 kills. More than 3,000 units of the M901 were produced and exported to many foreign users, with the US retiring the M901 starting in the mid-1990s.

Introduced during [[Update 1.89 "Imperial Navy"]], the M901 is a special tank destroyer most notable by its turret extending up high above the hull. The "hammerhead" turret design retracts when the M901 is moving, which can hinder deployment time once a suitable location is found. However, the placement also means that in the correct area, it is entirely possible to be hiding the entire hull behind cover with just the small turret poking out to help nail an enemy tank. The need to stay still to maintain the turret position and fire a TOW missile means that the M901 is terrible in any aggressive play scenario, but most productive in a position-based gameplay.

== General info ==
=== Survivability and armour ===
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}


[[File:M901 X-ray.png|thumb|x250px|right|Interior layout of the {{PAGENAME}} showing the location of ammo racks, crew and critical components.]]

The {{PAGENAME}} is based off the M113. It may look like a lightly armoured vehicle, but it features 44 mm of alloy 7039 on the sides and 38 mm on the front. The front is angled to make frontal armour effective thickness to match the flat sides. Overall, This counts as about 21 mm of RHA. However, there is a hatch on front which is much about 40% thinner and make this effort rather fruitless, which is compensated by the engine block being there to block some shots.

Overall, head-on this is only enough to stop 12.7 mm calibre machine gun fire from 600 m away and if angled correctly able to stop some low-calibre SPAAs from penetrating the hull and any APHE of its rank will detonate upon hitting it. Keep in mind, that SPAA have high fire rate and you must park it at least 600 m away and at an angle, or they will still manage some partial penetrations. The 30-35 mm SPAA and light tanks will penetrate this tank indefinitely at almost any range.

The top is also quite strong with 38 mm of alloy, which is equivalent to about 18 mm RHA, which means hull might be able to sustain some inaccurate fighter strafe, but most of their 30 mm cannons or top-down attacks will still ruin the tank. If small Bombs or rockets miss, they might fail to penetrate, but armour will not save M901 when receiving a direct hit.

The crew, however, has excellent survivability when the vehicle is placed in a hull-down position. Two crew members, the loader and the commander, are located in the back part of the hull and there are no other critical components located there, so there is little reason to target them first. In the middle of the tank is the gunner operating the tower. Since the I-tow missile is launched from a launcher mounted on top of a tower, it is next to impossible to hit the tower base when hull-down and so the gunner is not exposed to direct fire. The driver is located at the front of the vehicle and is next to the engine block, which might block the shot.

Behind the engine block is the ammunition storage, if hit from the front with SPAA rounds or some types of conventional rounds, the engine block will eat up (absorb and protect the rest of the vehicle) most of the shots, however, if shot from the side or from the front with HEAT, pure AP, APDS and APFSDS rounds, this usually ends in disaster as it will go through the engine and cause an ammunition explosion or destroy a majority of the crew, knocking out the vehicle with a single shot.

When played from a hull-down position with only the launcher exposed, this vehicle is practically immune to kinetic damage, however, being hit with a chemical shell or ATGM into the turret might cause the ATGMs to explode and destroy the carrier. Crossing open areas may also result in taking a hit, thus losing an engine, a crew member or resulting in an ammo-rack explosion.

'''Armour type:'''

* Aluminum Alloy 5083 - Main
* Structural Steel - Front and Rear Fenders
* Rubber-Fabric Screens - Fenders/Sideskirts
* Gun Steel - Launcher

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
|-
| Hull || 38 mm (45°) ''Upper glacis'' 38 mm (26°) ''Lower glacis'' 29 mm (45°) ''Engine maintenance hatch'' || 44 mm ''Top''
32 mm ''Bottom''
| 38 mm || 38 mm
|-
| Turret
| colspan="4" | 10 mm ''Launcher'' 17 mm ''Launcher frame''
|-
| Cupola|| 20 mm || 20 mm || 20 mm || 16 mm
|-
|}

=== Mobility ===
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}


{{tankMobility|abMinHp=301|rbMinHp=188}}

The mobility of the {{PAGENAME}} is okay. The power-to-weight ratio is 17.45 HP/ton. The top speed for the {{PAGENAME}} is 64 km/h, though there are not many circumstances you will reach these speeds. Offroad, the {{PAGENAME}} will reach 20 km/h quite fast due to its high power-to-weight ratio and will reach its top speed of 38 km/h. In reverse it will easily reach -14 km/h, allowing you to get out of a bad situation.

This vehicle does not have neutral traverse, but still does turn quite fast.

However, the {{PAGENAME}} suffers in traversing hills with high angles such as getting up the west side of point "C" on the El Alamein map. This does limit the ability of this vehicle to get to good positions without being spotted and fired upon.

=== Modifications and economy ===
{{Specs-Economy}}

== Armaments ==
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
=== Main armament ===
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}

{{main|BGM-71C I-TOW}}

The main weapon on the {{PAGENAME}} is the BGM-71C I-TOW ATGM. It has up to 630 mm of penetration at 0 degrees at any distance since it carries a HEAT warhead. The post-penetration of this missile is not amazing and in some circumstances, a follow-up missile may be needed. The missile is a second-generation ATGM so it is mouse controlled. It travels at a speed of 296 m/s. Due to the fuse sensitivity of 0.01 mm, any bush, fence or object in the way will trigger the missile into detonation and the lack of a machine gun means that these obstacles will become quite a nuisance.

The turret can angle down 30 degrees, which means it can fire down from almost any mountain or fire horizontally even when standing on a steep cliff. It also does not have an arming distance, therefore it can fire at tanks even if they are in your immediate surroundings.

The vehicle is trying to put the launcher on the pad whenever it is moving, however, it is still possible to keep it unfolded by using cruise control or moving short distances at a time and stopping between them. Keep in mind that the vehicle will attempt to stow the launcher even when pushed by the enemy, making it impossible to shoot back, therefore all care should be taken to avoid such situations.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" | [[BGM-71C I-TOW]] ATGM || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
|-
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
|-
! ''Arcade''
| rowspan="2" | 10 (2 preloaded in launcher) || rowspan="2" | -30°/+35° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 46.62 || 46.62 || 56.61 || 62.60 || 66.60 || rowspan="2" | 13.00 || rowspan="2" | 11.50 || rowspan="2" | 10.60 || rowspan="2" | 10.00
|-
! ''Realistic''
| 31.50 || 31.50 || 38.25 || 42.30 || 45.00
|-
|}

==== Ammunition ====
BGM-71C I-TOW ATGM is a relatively potent missile, having above average penetration values and an excellent flight velocity. Its close Soviet counterpart, [[IT-1]], has {{#expr: (1-(500 / 630)) * 100 round 0}}% lower penetration and {{#expr: (1-(224 / 296)) * 100 round 0}}% lower velocity, on the other hand [[RakJPz 2 (HOT)]] has {{#expr: abs((1-(800 / 630)) * 100) round 0}}% higher penetration, but {{#expr: (1-(240 / 296)) * 100 round 0}}% lower velocity.

{{:BGM-71C I-TOW/Ammunition|I-TOW}}

==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Full ammo
! 1st rack empty
! 2nd rack empty
! 3rd rack empty
! 4th rack empty
! Visual discrepancy
|-
| '''5''' || 4 ''(+1)'' || 3 ''(+2)'' || 2 ''(+3)'' || 1 ''(+4)'' || No
|-
|}
'''Notes:'''

* The ammunition is modelled as 5 sets of 2 missiles.
* The ammo counter when full will display 2/4, meaning that 2 missiles are loaded in the launcher while 4 sets of 2 missiles remain in the M901..

== Usage in battles ==


;Hull down

[[File:ArtImage_M901.png|thumb|right|x150px|M901 in hull down position on a hill.]]

In a battle, this vehicle is best played hull-down, preferably behind a rock so that rounds won't dip and hit the main chassis, if this is not possible, try to find a ridge to hide behind or a depression in the terrain. Since your launcher is the only thing exposed, expect for your launcher to get hit and receive a 10-second repair. (Note for stock vehicles, you will still be able to fire). Some players will be smarter and will shoot HESH rounds at you, the splash damage could be enough to knock out the crew. Since you only have 10 missiles (2 in the launcher, 8 stowed away) you will have to be patient and skilled at using this missile. If in the right hands, it is incredibly strong and can hold an important spot and single handily deny the enemy any chance of taking an area. This will reward you a large number of targets destroyed as well as gaining a large number of points from people shooting at your launcher.

However, there is a couple of issues. The launcher can only be deployed when stationary and has a deployment time before you are able to train the gun sights on the target and open fire. The reload also requires the launcher to traverse to the rear of the vehicle and further lengthening the reload. one way to combat this is to have the rear end of the vehicle to the target, therefore reducing the time taken to traverse the launcher back to the firing position.

;SPAA duty

Apart from shooting at tanks, the ATGM can also be used on helicopters as there is no drop on ATGMs. If playing hull down, it might also be quite hard for helicopters to spot you, therefore making it a potent weapon against an enemy helicopter. Planes will be harder to hit as they will be moving at a faster speed, but it doesn't mean they can't be hit if they're flying straight towards you.

'''Urban combat'''

The M901 does not fare too well in urban combat - due to the speed of the ATGM it is quite hard to readjust the missile direction in case of a miss and having to stop to fire the ATGM will result in an unpleasant experience. However, if you are forced to take this vehicle out in an urban environment, the best strategy will be to follow your teammates, hide behind cover and wait for your teammates to bait the enemy out.

'''Enemies worth noting:'''

* [[M113A1 (TOW)]]: this is a similar vehicle based on the M113 hull, with a much slimmer TOW launcher. The launcher only has 90 degrees horizontal rotation and 20 degrees gun depression meaning it adapts terrains slightly worse than the M901. Also, its launcher has a very small profile meaning it is harder to spot so you must deal with the M113A1 (TOW) carefully. However, its gunner is fully exposed and is prone to being knocked out or detonating chemical shells. In a battle, your M901 and the M113A1 (TOW) might be at similar spots which is kind of a sniper vs sniper scenario. Try to spot it first and fire at the gunner/launcher. Its gunner/launcher will detonate your missile and cause overpressure damage, killing all the crew. But watch out for its 12.7 mm MG, it might damage your launcher or penetrate the hull in some cases.

=== Pros and cons ===


'''Pros:'''

* I-TOW ATGMs have good penetration
* Launcher holds two missiles, which allows for a quick follow-up attack if the first missile misses or fails to completely destroy the target
* Has the best launcher depression of all horizontal ATGM launchers in the game at -30 degrees
* The missile launcher is very tall, and combined with its amazing depression of -30 degrees, it can allow for players to abuse terrain features to go completely hull-down and reduce their chance of being spotted at range
* Has access to 1st generation thermal sights that allow you to increase your situational awareness and spotting ability once unlocked
* Access to two salvos of smoke grenades

'''Cons:'''

* Very thin overall armour that can be penetrated by even heavy machine guns
* The missile launcher is very tall and does not fully retract when hull-down, which can lead to situations where it is easily destroyed and must be repaired, or worse, you get ammo-racked while reloading your missiles by players with good aim or luck
* While the vehicle is traveling, the launcher is retracted and will be stowed away facing backwards and will take about 4 seconds for it to deploy and face the hull front, which means any vehicle that catches the M901 while it is relocating can dispatch it with ease
* The launcher only reloads after the second missile has registered a hit
* The gun sight is located in the launcher, so when the launcher is reloading, it moves together with it and forces the operator to switch over to the binoculars to scan their surroundings
* Limited ammo count, meaning every shot must be used carefully.
* I-TOWs can be jammed by vehicles equipped with soft-kill APS (like those on the PUMA and AMX-30B2 BRENUS) and destroyed by hard-kill APS (such as Drozd on the T-55AMD-1
* Lacks a machine gun; cannot knock down obstacles that can cause its missiles to detonate before hitting the intended target

== History ==

[[File:M901 TOW missile vehicle (1985).jpg|thumb|right|M901 in Germany during the Reforger "Central Guardian" 1985 exercise]]
M901 ITV (Improved TOW Vehicle) is a variant of the M113 Armored Personnel Carrier introduced in 1979 as a highly mobile tank destroyer that could engage not only armoured targets but also fortifications while offering maximum protection for the crew. The vehicle could be transported by air, parachute-dropped and ford water up to 1 m deep with no preparation. Last vehicle of the series was produced in 1998, totaling 3,315 units built over the years.

It's called "improved" due to being an upgrade over the [[M113A1 (TOW)|M113A1 with TOW launcher mounted]] instead of the standard [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|M2 Browning]] for the chassis. Its SEI 901 TUA launcher was capable of rapid deployment, could accurately hit targets with the first missile and fire the second one as soon as the first impacted the target. It was reloaded manually within 40 seconds. That said though, it had to be stowed when moving above 8 km/h (5 mph) to avoid damage to the launcher. As a secondary weapon M901 carried [[M60D (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M60 machine gun]] operated by the gunner. A total of 10 missiles and 2,000 machine gun rounds were stored.

A number of variants of the M901 existed, notably:

* M901 - equipped with first-generation TOW missiles, M113A1 chassis (in-game variant)
* M901A1 - equipped with TOW 2, M113A2 chassis
* M901A3 - equipped with TOW 2, M113A3 chassis

The in-game launcher uses the BGM-71C I-TOW missiles, which were the most advanced missiles available on the M901, featuring an increased range and an improved shape-charge warhead. The missile could be fired at targets up to 3,750 m away, with an arming distance of 65 m. The missile's average speed at the maximum range was 187.5 m/s.

Currently, the largest operators of the M901 ITV are Saudi Arabia (335 units), Greece (320) and Egypt (262), a total of 1313 units remains in operation between 10 countries.

{{Clear|right}}
[[File:M901 details.png|800px|center|thumb|Details of the M901 ITV in the A3 variant]]

== Media ==


;Skins

* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=us_m901_itv Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]

;Videos
{{Youtube-gallery|qoZv-sA80aI|'''Squadron Vehicles''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 00:38 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|4_cJ1CpEatw|'''Best gun depression''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 4:42 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}

== See also ==


* [[M113 (Family)]]

== External links ==


* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=106 [Military Factory<nowiki>]</nowiki> M901 ITV (Improved TOW Vehicle)]

{{TankManufacturer Emerson Electric Company}}
{{USA tank destroyers}}
{{Squadron ground vehicles}}

[[Category:ATGM vehicles]]